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exercise and depression Archives - Dissolve Stress Now\nSkip to content\nHome\nStress Solutions\n2-Minute Stress Solutions\nDealing with Stress 10 Steps\nSolution for Reducing Stress\nA head-to-toe solution for easing stress\nAbout Us\nBlog\nContact Us\nMENU\nHome\nStress Solutions\n2-Minute Stress Solutions\nDealing with Stress 10 Steps\nSolution for Reducing Stress\nA head-to-toe solution for easing stress\nAbout Us\nBlog\nContact Us\nPosts tagged \"exercise and depression\"\nTag: exercise and depression\nStress Solutions\nExercise and depression\nJanuary 23, 2019 January 23, 2019 admin 0\nWith the huge increase in the population suffering from depression, there are several treatment programs that are developed and created by many agencies and organizations that deal with mental health. Common methods to treat depression include taking antidepressants and regular visits to therapists. But most people do not realize that physical exercise can provide immediate relief from depression. Also, with exercise Enhanced and improved abdominal tone can be achieved.\nHere is how to better understand the relationship between exercise and depression.\nIn addition to the many health benefits of this exercise, it can also combat anxiety and depression attacks. Exercise distracts attention from negative thoughts and worries. It also helps burn adrenaline and other stressful substances, promoting a more relaxed mind. Research has also shown that exercises improve sleep and increase self-esteem.\nHere are three steps to using exercise as a way to combat depression.\nStart slowly and do not overdo it.\nFor the first or second time, it can be easy to enter the gym and allow the adrenaline to push you harder than your body is really ready. When you take the pain, stay away from the gym for a few days to overcome the purpose of the regular exercise to overcome the symptoms of depression. Before starting, consult your doctor to find out what level of activity will be best for your initial level of fitness and to facilitate things from there.\nFocus on cardiovascular exercises as the main type of training.\nThis type of exercise releases endorphins which are feel-good hormones that contribute to raising the level of mood. He has been called a “high-level runner,” but any activity that increases his heart rate for a longer period of time can do so. Elliptical, treadmill, dance, basketball, swimming, aerobics: all are good cardiovascular exercises. Choose the things you like to help you with motivation.\nWork on a regular and consistent “dose” of exercises.\nWhen working for five days a week for 45 minutes, the session will be an excellent recipe to eliminate these feelings of depression. The more you practice, the easier it will be to stay in the program both mentally and physically.\nRegular exercise has a positive effect on a person’s general health and can help prevent depression. While there is no better or more effective exercise to overcome depression; Running, walking or gardening can help fight depression. Continue doing some fun exercises on a regular and regular basis for long-term benefits.\nTagged benefits exercise and depression health improve self-esteem\nFollow Us\nSponsored\nRecent Posts\nThe Link Between Stress and Teeth\nAcute Stress Disorder Treatment\nStress therapy solutions can reduce the stress levels\nCan stress cause skin problems\nDealing with Moderate Depression\nSubscribe Now To Our Latest News!\nSimply enter your complete details below:\nYour Name (required)\nYour Email (required)\nSponsored\nDissolve Stress Now | Terms of Service | Privacy Policy | Disclaimer | Copyright 2017 - All Rights Reserved | 2019-04-25T03:59:58Z | "https://dissolvestressnow.com/tag/exercise-and-depression/" | dissolvestressnow.com | 0 | 2 | 0 |
Osteoarthritis of the Hips and Knees ¦ Cardiff Physio\n029 20460467\nSERVICES\nBack Pain\nNeck Pain\nShoulders\nHips, Knees & Feet\nSports Injuries\nWhiplash Treatment\nPhysio Home Visits\nPosture Clinic\nCycling Clinic\nFracture Rehabilitation\nOccupational Physiotherapy\nCLINICS\nCardiff Bay Clinic\nLlandaff Clinic\nOsteoarthritis of the Hips & Knees\n10th January 2015\nOsteoarthritis; Hip; Knee\nTweet\nOsteoarthritis is a diagnosis that is often described as “wear and tear” of your joints.\nOsteoarthritis is a common, age related joint condition. Read on for our top three ways to prevent osteoarthritis.\nOur bodies are able to move because of joints between our bones. Joints are responsible for our standing, sitting, lifting and moving.\nOsteoarthritis occurs when the protective cartilage layer at the end of the bone wears down. This happens as we age, but can be speeded up as a result of our genetic make-up or from previous joint injury.\nX-rays take excellent pictures of joints. They are often used to diagnose arthritic joint conditions like osteoarthritis.\nKnees and hips typically take a lot of knocks over the years and are common joints affected by osteoarthritis.\nSymptoms include stiffness, pain on walking, swelling and difficulty with climbing up and down stairs.\nHaving a joint replacement is an option, but not the first way to treat osteoarthritis. You don’t need to suffer the pain, as a physiotherapist can help to reduce the discomfort.\nHere are our top 3 tips to manage pain for osteoarthritis:-\n1) Keep moving. Your joints will get stiffer by not moving and so more painful. Try gentle exercises to increase the flexibility and don’t sit for too long.\n2) Keep your muscles strong. The muscles around your hip and knee will protect the joints if they are strong and responsive. Simple squatting exercises, undertaken on a daily basis, can help to maintain your strength.\n3) Keep exercising. You may find that you cannot exercise in the same way as you used to due to the joint pain. Don’t stop otherwise your pain will get worse and you will become less fit. Try changing your exercise for something less aggressive to the joints.\nNo matter how bad your osteoarthritis is or if you feel that you are gradually getting worse, we can help to reduce your pain and get you moving again.\nSERVICES\nBack Pain\nNeck Pain\nShoulder Pain\nHip, Knee or Ankles\nSports Injuries\nWhiplash\nPosture Clinic\nCycling Clinic\nHome Visits\nFracture Rehabilitation\nOccupational Physiotherapy\nCLINICS\nCardiff Bay\nLlandaff | 2019-04-25T01:48:57Z | "http://www.jrphysiotherapy.com/articles/osteoarthritis-of-the-hips-and-knees.php" | www.jrphysiotherapy.com | 0 | 2 | 1 |
Athlete's Foot | Tinea Pedis | MedlinePlus\nSkip navigation\nU.S. National Library of Medicine\nMenu\nHealth Topics\nDrugs & Supplements\nVideos & Tools\nAbout MedlinePlus\nSearch\nSearch MedlinePlus\nGO\nAbout MedlinePlus\nSite Map\nFAQs\nCustomer Support\nHealth Topics\nDrugs & Supplements\nVideos & Tools\nEspañol\nYou Are Here:\nHome →\nHealth Topics →\nAthlete's Foot\nURL of this page: https://medlineplus.gov/athletesfoot.html\nAthlete's Foot\nAlso called: Tinea pedis\nOn this page\nBasics\nSummary\nStart Here\nDiagnosis and Tests\nPrevention and Risk Factors\nLearn More\nNo links available\nSee, Play and Learn\nImages\nResearch\nClinical Trials\nJournal Articles\nResources\nFind an Expert\nFor You\nChildren\nTeenagers\nPatient Handouts\nSummary\nAthlete's foot is a common infection caused by a fungus. It most often affects the space between the toes. Symptoms include itching, burning, and cracked, scaly skin between your toes.\nYou can get athlete's foot from damp surfaces, such as showers, swimming pools, and locker room floors. To prevent it\nKeep your feet clean, dry, and cool\nWear clean socks\nDon't walk barefoot in public areas\nWear flip-flops in locker room showers\nKeep your toenails clean and clipped short\nTreatments include over-the-counter antifungal creams for most cases and prescription medicines for more serious infections. These usually clear up the infection, but it can come back.\nCenters for Disease Control and Prevention\nStart Here\nAthlete's Foot (American Podiatric Medical Association)\nAthlete's Foot (American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons) Also in Spanish\nAthlete's Foot (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research) Also in Spanish\nDiagnosis and Tests\nFungal Culture Test (National Library of Medicine) Also in Spanish\nPrevention and Risk Factors\nAthlete's Foot: How to Prevent (American Academy of Dermatology)\nFungus Infections: Preventing Recurrence (American Osteopathic College of Dermatology)\nHygiene-Related Diseases: Athlete's Foot (Tinea Pedis) (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)\nImages\nAthlete's Foot (Tinea Pedis) (Logical Images)\nClinical Trials\nClinicalTrials.gov: Tinea Pedis (National Institutes of Health)\nJournal Articles References and abstracts from MEDLINE/PubMed (National Library of Medicine)\nArticle: One Foot After Another-Fungal Foot Issues in Expedition Adventure Racing.\nArticle: End of the road for terbinafine? Think of compliance to treatment.\nArticle: A Phase 2, Controlled, Dose-Ranging Study of SB208, an Investigational Topical...\nAthlete's Foot -- see more articles\nFind an Expert\nAmerican Podiatric Medical Association\nFind a Dermatologist (American Academy of Dermatology)\nNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases\nChildren\nAthlete's Foot (Nemours Foundation) Also in Spanish\nTeenagers\nAthlete's Foot (Nemours Foundation)\nPatient Handouts\nAthlete's foot (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish\nSkin lesion KOH exam (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish\nTopic Image\nStay Connected\nSign up for the My MedlinePlus newsletter What's this?\nGO\nMEDICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA\nAthlete's foot\nSkin lesion KOH exam\nRelated Health Topics\nFoot Health\nTinea Infections\nNational Institutes of Health\nThe primary NIH organization for research on Athlete's Foot is the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases\nDisclaimers\nMedlinePlus links to health information from the National Institutes of Health and other federal government agencies. MedlinePlus also links to health information from non-government Web sites. See our disclaimer about external links and our quality guidelines.\nAbout MedlinePlus\nSite Map\nFAQs\nCustomer Support\nGet email updates\nSubscribe to RSS\nFollow us\nDisclaimers\nCopyright\nPrivacy\nAccessibility\nQuality Guidelines\nViewers & Players\nMedlinePlus Connect for EHRs\nFor Developers\nU.S. National Library of Medicine 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20894 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health\nPage last updated on 19 December 2018 Topic last reviewed: 4 April 2016 | 2019-04-21T09:02:13Z | "https://medlineplus.gov/athletesfoot.html" | medlineplus.gov | 0 | 2 | 1 |
Seasonal Depression (Seasonal Affective Disorder) Symptoms, Causes, Treatments\nSkip to main content\nCheck Your Symptoms\nFind A Doctor\nFind Lowest Drug Prices\nHealth\nA-Z Health A-Z\nHealth A-Z\nCommon Conditions\nADD/ADHD\nAllergies\nArthritis\nCancer\nCold, Flu & Cough\nDepression\nDiabetes\nEye Health\nHeart Disease\nLung Disease\nPain Management\nSexual Conditions\nSkin Problems\nSleep Disorders\nView All\nResources\nSymptom Checker\nExpert Blogs and Interviews\nPodcasts\nMessage Boards\nQuestions & Answers\nInsurance Guide\nFind a Doctor\nFeatured Topics\nSlideshow Get Help for Migraine Relief\nSlideshow Things That Can Hurt Your Joints\nDrugs &\nSupplements Drugs & Supplements\nDrugs & Supplements\nFind & Review\nDrugs\nSupplements\nTools\nManage Your Medications\nPill Identifier\nCheck for Interactions\nDrug Basics & Safety\nCommonly Abused Drugs\nTaking Meds When Pregnant\nFeatured Topics\nSlideshow Vitamins You Need as You Age\nSlideshow Supplements for Better Digestion\nLiving\nHealthy Living Healthy\nLiving Healthy\nDiet, Food & Fitness\nDiet & Weight Management\nWeight Loss & Obesity\nFood & Recipes\nFitness & Exercise\nBeauty & Balance\nHealthy Beauty\nHealth & Balance\nSex & Relationships\nOral Care\nLiving Well\nWomen's Health\nMen's Health\nAging Well\nHealthy Sleep\nHealthy Teens\nFit Kids\nFeatured Topics\nSlideshow Which Food Has More Saturated Fat?\nQuiz Do You Know the Benefits of Walking?\nFamily &\nPregnancy Family & Pregnancy\nFamily & Pregnancy\nAll About Pregnancy\nGetting Pregnant\nFirst Trimester\nSecond Trimester\nThird Trimester\nView All\nParenting Guide\nNewborn & Baby\nChildren's Health\nChildren's Vaccines\nRaising Fit Kids\nView All\nPet Care Essentials\nHealthy Cats\nHealthy Dogs\nView All\nFeatured Topics\nExpert Blog Dangers After Childbirth -- What to Watch For\nQuiz Tips for Success ... 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If so, you might have seasonal depression, also known as seasonal affective disorder (SAD).\nSeasonal depression is a mood disorder that happens every year at the same time. A rare form of seasonal depression, known as \"summer depression,\" begins in late spring or early summer and ends in fall. In general, though, seasonal affective disorder starts in fall or winter and ends in spring or early summer.\nCauses\nWhile we don't know the exact causes of SAD, some scientists think that certain hormones made deep in the brain trigger attitude-related changes at certain times of year. Experts believe that SAD may be related to these hormonal changes. One theory is that less sunlight during fall and winter leads to the brain making less serotonin, a chemical linked to brain pathways that regulate mood. When nerve cell pathways in the brain that regulate mood don't function normally, the result can be feelings of depression, along with symptoms of fatigue and weight gain.\nSAD usually starts in young adulthood and is more common in women than men. Some people with SAD have mild symptoms and feel out of sorts or irritable. Others have worse symptoms that interfere with relationships and work.\nBecause the lack of enough daylight during wintertime is related to SAD, it's less often found in countries where there's plenty of sunshine year-round.\nWinter Symptoms\nPeople with SAD have many of the normal warning signs of depression, including:\nLess energy\nTrouble concentrating\nFatigue\nGreater appetite\nIncreased desire to be alone\nGreater need for sleep\nWeight gain\nSummer Symptoms\nLess appetite\nTrouble sleeping\nWeight loss\nDiagnosis\nIf you've been feeling depressed and have some of the above symptoms, see your doctor for an assessment. He or she will recommend the right form of treatment for you.\nTreatment\nThere are different treatments, depending on the severity of your symptoms. Also, if you have another type of depression or bipolar disorder, the treatment may be different.\nTraditional antidepressants are often used to treat seasonal depression. Bupropion XL is currently the only medication that is FDA-approved specifically to prevent major depressive episodes in people with SAD.\nMany doctors recommend that people with SAD get outside early in the morning to get more natural light. If this is impossible because of the dark winter months, antidepressant medications or light therapy (phototherapy) may help.\nContinued\nLight Therapy\nSome researchers link seasonal depression to the natural hormone melatonin, which causes drowsiness. Light affects the biological clock in our brains that regulates circadian rhythms -- a physiological function that may include mood changes when less sunlight is available in winter . Natural or \"full spectrum\" light can have an antidepressant effect.\nA full-spectrum bright light shines indirectly into your eyes. You sit about 2 feet away from a bright light -- about 20 times brighter than normal room lighting. The therapy starts with one 10- to 15-minute session per day. Then the times increase to 30 to 45 minutes a day, depending on your response.\nDon't look directly at the light source of any light box for long times to avoid possible damage to your eyes.\nSome people with SAD recover within days of using light therapy. Others take much longer. If the SAD symptoms don't go away, your doctor may increase the light therapy sessions to twice daily.\nPeople who respond to light therapy are encouraged to continue it until they can be out in the sunshine again in the springtime. While side effects are minimal, be cautious if you have sensitive skin or a history of bipolar disorder.\nPrevention\nSpend some time outside every day, even when it's cloudy. The effects of daylight still help.\nBegin using a 10,000 lux light box when fall starts, even before you feel the effects of winter SAD.\nEat a well-balanced diet. This will help you have more energy, even if you're craving starchy and sweet foods.\nExercise for 30 minutes a day, five times a week.\nStay involved with your social circle and regular activities. Social support is very important.\nWhen Should I Call my Doctor?\nIf you feel depressed, fatigued, and irritable the same time each year, and these feelings seem to be seasonal in nature, you may have a form of SAD. Talk openly with your doctor about your feelings. Follow his recommendations for lifestyle changes and treatment.\nIf your doctor recommends light therapy, ask if the practice provides light boxes for patients with SAD. You can also rent or purchase a light box, but they're expensive, and health insurance companies don't usually cover them.\nWebMD Medical Reference Reviewed by Joseph Goldberg, MD on April 13, 2018\nSources\nSOURCES:\nAmerican Academy of Family Physicians: \"Seasonal Affective Disorder.\"\nNational Institute of Mental Health: \"What Is Depression?\"\nAmerican Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-5.\nFieve, R, MD. Bipolar II, Rodale Books, 2006.\nNational Institute of Mental Health: Science Update: \"Properly Timed Light, Melatonin Lift Winter Depression by Syncing Rhythms.\"\n© 2018 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved.\nPagination\nNext Article\nPsychotic Depression\nDepression Guide\nOverview & Causes\nSymptoms & Types\nDiagnosis & Treatment\nRecovering & Managing\nFinding Help\nTop Picks\nMood Disorders: How to Recognize and Treat Them\nDealing With Antidepressant Side Effects\nMS and Depression: How Are They Linked?\nWhat Happens in Depression Treatment?\n8 Foods That Help Fight Depression\nCauses of Depression\nfurther reading\nSlideshow: Holiday Depression Triggers\nSlideshow: A Closer Look at Depression\nFoods That Fight Winter Depression\nSunshine for Seasonal Affective Disorder\nFending Off Depression Symptoms in Winter\nWhat is Seasonal Affective Disorder/Winter Depression?\nSeasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) Diagnosis and Treatment\nSAD Topics\nToday on WebMD\nWhat Is Depression?\nDifferences between feeling depressed and feeling blue.\nCelebrities With Depression\nFamous people who've struggled with persistent sadness.\nDepression Myths & Facts\nLearn the truth about this serious illness.\nIs Your Antidepressant Working?\nTips to stay the treatment course.\nRecommended for You\nHealth Check\nDepressed? 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All rights reserved.\nWebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.\nSee additional information. | 2019-04-20T01:33:09Z | "https://www.webmd.com/depression/guide/seasonal-affective-disorder" | www.webmd.com | 2 | 3 | 0 |
Treximet Archives - The Daily Headache\nHome\nAbout\nArchives\nResources\nContact\n-- Main Menu --HomeAboutArchivesResourcesContact\nSep\n19\nBy Kerrie Smyres\nSave Money on Sumatriptan (Imitrex/Imigran/Treximet)\nCategory: Society, Treatment Tags: abortives, Imigran, imitrex, pharmacies, prescription drugs, sumatriptan, Treximet, triptans 11 Comments\nI’ve been debating posting this for months. I hesitate because I doubt getting triptans without a prescription from another country by mail order is legal, even though the drug is available over-the-counter in that country. On the other hand, knowing of a resource for inexpensive triptans and not sharing it seems unfair to readers who delay or avoid treating migraines because of the high cost of abortive drugs. I’m sharing this with the caveat that the legality is fuzzy, so you’ll have to make that ethical decision for yourself. Here’s the FDA’s stance on drug importation.\nImitrex (Imigran in the UK) and Treximet are expensive. Even though sumatriptan, the main ingredient in both, is available as a generic, it’s still tough to find it for less than $3 for a 50 mg pill. Prices for higher doses or injections skyrocket from there. If you’re looking to save on Imitrex or Treximet, check into pricing at Inhouse Pharmacy Europe, which has 50 mg tablets of sumatriptan for $1.10 each. Higher doses and injections are also available for less than in the US. Because sumatriptan is available over-the-counter in the UK, which is the jurisdiction this pharmacy operates under, you don’t need a prescription to order it.\nI can’t vouch for the company directly because I don’t use sumatriptan and haven’t ordered from them myself, but this recommendation comes from a friend and longtime reader who has been ordering from the company for at least five years without a problem. She says the company is very reliable and medications are never close to their expiration date. In fact, the website tells you the expiration date of the meds they are currently shipping. Shipping is free to the US and they provide package tracking information.\nIf you use Imitrex, you can substitute these directly according to the strength you are usually prescribed. They are the same thing.\nIf you use Treximet, you can try taking sumatriptan with 500 mg of the OTC painkiller naproxen sodium (Aleve) to approximate the drug. Treximet contains 85 mg of sumatriptan, while sumatriptan only comes in 50 mg and 100 mg, so you’ll have to choose which you prefer. GSK’s marketing materials say that having the two drugs combined into one tablet is more effective than taking each one separately. But if you’re holding off on taking triptans because they’re too expensive, you may be more likely to take them early in an attack (when they’re most effective) if they don’t cost an arm and a leg.\nNot needing a prescription is a double-edged sword, of course. You still need to take them judiciously and watch out for medication overuse headache. Be sure you tell your doctor how frequently you’re taking them, even though you can get them without a prescription.\nIf you place an order with Inhouse Pharmacy Europe, please leave a comment letting readers know what your experience is. I hope it turns out to be a helpful source for helping readers afford these pricy meds.\nAug\n6\nBy Kerrie Smyres\nFDA Delays Approval for Migraine Drug Trexima\nCategory: Meds & Supplements, News & Research, Treatment Tags: abortives, FDA, imitrex, migraine, naproxen sodium, sumatriptan, Trexima, Treximet Leave a Comment\nTrexima, a combination of sumatriptan (Imitrex) and naproxen sodium (found in Aleve and other NSAIDs), was expected to receive FDA approval last week. Requesting more safety data, the FDA has delayed approval of Trexima.\nThe concern is about one of the four tests of genotoxicity, which is toxicity to DNA. The requested data are available from a study that has already been conducted. The FDA will meet with Pozen and GSK soon to discuss additional requirements.\nRelated posts:\nTrexima Aborts Migraines Better Than Imitrex or Aleve Alone\nTrexima Study Presented at AAN Meeting\nFDA to Review “New” Migraine Drug\nApr\n10\nBy Kerrie Smyres\nRebound Headaches a Risk With Trexima\nCategory: Meds & Supplements, News & Research, Treatment Tags: abortive meds, imitrex, MOH, naproxen, NSAID, rebound headaches, sumatriptan, Trexima, Treximet 9 Comments\n“Do you need a naproxen dose every time you need a triptan dose?” Headache specialist Christina Peterson weighed in on the Trexima discussion with that brilliant question.\nAs bad as it is to make money by ill-informing consumers, that’s nothing compared to the possibility of worsening patients’ headaches.\nDr. Peterson pointed out that “many [headache specialists] recommend combining them–as an initial dose at headache onset. The potential danger could lie in a second or further subsequent dose.” This danger comes from medication overuse headache (commonly referred to as rebound headache or MOH).\nThis is as it sounds: Taking too many painkillers (and some other drugs) can lead to more frequent headaches. These more frequent headaches lead to taking more painkillers. And the cycle goes on.\nSo, while taking naproxen with the first dose of Imitrex during a migraine can be helpful, taking it with further doses can lead to more harm in the long run. As Dr. Peterson says, it’s unlikely that insurance companies are going to be willing to pay for a prescription for Trexima and one for plain old Imitrex in the same month.\nHere’s her full comment:\nNo. That question, which desperately needs to be answered, has not been answered. That head-to-head study has not been done. Why? Nobody stands to gain financially from the answer. Nobody except, of course, you and me–the consumers.\nTrue–there is not likely to be any advantage of Trexima over taking an Imitrex plus an equivalent dose of naproxen sodium. There is no voodoo in the combination.\nCould there be harm, though? This is why the FDA is taking so long to look at Trexima. I don’t think the concept of sumatriptan (or any other triptan) plus naproxen sodium is inherently dangerous. Many of us recommend combining them–as an initial dose at headache onset. The potential danger could lie in a second or further subsequent dose. Do you need a naproxen dose every time you need a triptan dose?\nI have concerns that in the hands of doctors and patients who do not understand the intricacies of medication overuse headache–i.e., most–this combination product could result in an increased risk of excessive dosing in the frequent headache sufferer, possibly resulting in an increased number of headaches.\nAnd I think we all know how slim the likelihood is that an insurance carrier will reimburse both a prescription of Trexima and plain Imitrex in a given month.\nApr\n4\nBy Kerrie Smyres\nTrexima Aborts Migraines Better Than Imitrex or Aleve Alone\nCategory: Meds & Supplements, News & Research, Treatment Tags: Aleve, imitrex, JAMA, naproxen, NSAID, sumatriptan, Trexima, Treximet 6 Comments\nThe new drug Trexima, a combination of Imitrex and Aleve (naproxen), “can provide faster, long-lasting relief of migraine pain than using either drug alone,” according to results of a study published in yesterday’s issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.\nIn the study, Trexima relieved headaches within two hours in as many as 65% of participants, compared to 28% with the placebo. About 55% said Imitrex alone provided relief and as many as 44% said that naproxen did.\nSo it’s better than either drug alone, but is Trexima is more effective than taking Imitrex and naproxen at the same time? I’ve never seen this question answered. It’s a huge issue for patients because the Imitrex patent expires in 2009. Trexima extends profits from Imitrex because selling it in Trexima sales will cut into overall sales of Imitrex.\nI get the arguments for using Trexima even if there’s no difference. Patients are more likely to take one medication than two. They also may have more faith in prescribed meds than over-the-counter drugs, which naproxen is. But would patients who can’t afford the brand-name drug be aware that they can get the same effect for much less money?\nIf Trexima is not more effective than taking Imitrex and naproxen in\nseparate pills, physicians assume responsibility for giving patients the\nchoice. At the very least, they should tell patients the different efficacy rates between the two. Some will for sure, but many others will follow the masses of drug rep cheerleaders.\nGSK‘s foothold on the ethical side of the line is tenuous. I don’t begrudge a company earning money, but knowing the drug’s success rides on the pharmaceutical industry’s phenomenal marketing, patients will undoubtably lose.\nJun\n29\nBy Kerrie Smyres\nNews, News, News\nCategory: Meds & Supplements, News & Research, Treatment Tags: abortives, children, kids, NSAIDs, Opana, opioids, painkillers, preventive meds, seizure drug, transcranial magnetic stimulation, Trexima, Treximet, weight 3 Comments\nThere is never enough time for me to post about all that I want to write about. And there’s been a ton of headache news lately. Here are some highlights.\nDetailed Results of Trexima Studies (the drug isn’t named in the study, but it looks like Trexima to me)\nNeck pain and discomfort decreased significantly at two hours for the compound versus placebo in study 1 (35 and 44 percent) and study 2 (28 and 54 percent).\nSinus pain and pressure decreased significantly at two hours for the compound versus placebo in study 1 (19 and 33 percent) and study 2 (23 and 38 percent).(1)\nMore patients were pain free at two hours in both studies (52 and 51 percent) compared to placebo (17 and 15 percent) and sustained pain-free response was maintained for significantly more patients (45 and 40 percent), without the use of a rescue medication, to 24 hours, compared to placebo (12 and 14 percent).\nThe compound was effective in rapidly eliminating migraine pain, as measured by pain-free rates at 30 minutes, one hour, two hours and four hours.\nIncidence of migraine associated symptoms (nausea, phonophobia (sensitivity to sound) and photophobia (sensitivity to light)) was lower with the compound than with placebo.\nThe compound was generally well-tolerated. In both studies, only nausea (3 and 4 percent) and dizziness (1 and 2 percent) were reported in at least 2 percent of patients who took the compound versus placebo (1 and 2 percent for nausea, 0 and < 1 percent for dizziness).\nConfusion Over Safety Of NSAIDs For Pain Relief Leads Patients To Suffer In Silence\nAlmost two thirds of people surveyed (64%) said they were confused about what to take for pain relief because of conflicting information on drug safety that has emerged following the withdrawal of Vioxx (rofecoxib), a COX-2 selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) . Around 4 out of 5 (78%) said they didn’t know enough about the risks and benefits of medicines, whether prescribed or bought over-the-counter. Almost half (47%) said they weren’t using any painkiller medication at all for a number of reasons. Some were concerned about side effects, often after reading worrying news stories about painkillers, some had been advised to stop medication by their PCP and some thought they could manage without them.\nTriple Therapy Synergy for Frequent Severe Migraine (registration may be required to read this)\nThe combination of behavioral migraine management, preventive medication, and optimal acute therapy appears to provide a superior reduction in migraine activity measures, functioning, and quality of life compared with any one alone, according to a study presented at the American Headache Society meeting here.\nFor these patients, “effective migraine management may require three components: a tailored acute therapy, preventive medication and behavioral migraine management to get the optimal results,” said Kenneth Holroyd, Ph.D., a professor of health psychology at Ohio University in Athens, Ohio, in an oral presentation.\nOverweight Kids More Likely to Get Headaches\nChildren with headaches are 36 percent more likely to be overweight, results of the new research suggest.\n“The numbers tell us that being overweight may contribute to kids having more headaches, most often migraines,” said Andrew D. Hershey, M.D., Ph.D., director of the Headache Center and a pediatric neurologist at Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center. “There likely are a number of causes, including poorer general health, body stress, lack of exercise and nutrition. It may not be that being overweight directly causes migraine, but that the reasons for being overweight cause these children to have worsening headaches.”\nMagnetic Device Short-Circuits Migraine Headaches, Suggests Early Research\nA hairdryer-sized magnetic device held briefly to the back of the head may short-circuit migraines before the pain starts, suggests preliminary research being presented at the 48th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American Headache Society (AHS).\nPeople With Near-Daily Migraine Headaches Get Relief From Anti-Seizure Drug\nAn anti-seizure medication “quiets the brain,” providing relief to people with near-daily migraine headaches, suggest results of a randomized, multi-center study being presented at the 48th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American Headache Society (AHS).\nFDA OKs the Pain Drug Opana\nThe drug, called Opana, is an opioid pain reliever taken by mouth. It will come in an extended-release form, called Opana ER, and an immediate-release version, simply called Opana.\nThe drugs contain oxymorphone hydrochloride, which was previously only available by injection. Endo Pharmaceuticals plans to relaunch the drug’s injected version for hospital use under the new trade name.\nIf you know of an article that I missed, please add it to the comments. Thanks!\n« Older Posts\nWelcome to Kerrie Smyres' writings about chronic migraine, headache disorders, chronic illness & depression. Here you'll find coping strategies, resources, news & more to help you live a fabulous life with chronic illness.\nTopics\n30 Things Meme\nBooks & Products\nChronic Migraine\nCommunity\nCoping\nDiet\nDoctors\nExercise\nFavorites\nFriends & Family\nMeds & Supplements\nMental Health\nNews & Research\nPatient Education\nReader Stories\nResources\nSociety\nSymptoms\nTreatment\nTriggers\n© 2019 The Daily Headache\nPowered by WordPress and the Designfolio Pro Theme. | 2019-04-22T16:04:40Z | "http://www.thedailyheadache.com/tag/treximet" | www.thedailyheadache.com | 1 | 5 | 0 |
Folic Acid Improves Memory By Five Years\nHome\nUS\nWorld\nPolitics\nBusiness/Finance\nTechnology\nHealth\nMore Topics\nEducation\nLiterature\nSelf-help\nScience\nHome » Folic Acid Improves Memory By Five Years\nTITLE\nFolic Acid Improves Memory By Five Years\nPUB. DATE\nAugust 2005\nSOURCE\nEnvironmental Nutrition;Aug2005, Vol. 28 Issue 8, p1\nSOURCE TYPE\nPeriodical\nDOC. TYPE\nArticle\nABSTRACT\nFocuses on the potential of folic acid to slow the cognitive decline that occurs normally with old age. Ability to mentally process information and displaying the memory skills of people five years younger; Reduction in blood levels of homocysteine; Connection of high homocysteine levels to cognitive decline.\nACCESSION #\n17807405\nRelated Articles\nFolate--the brain's friend or foe? A. M. // Prevention;Dec2005, Vol. 57 Issue 12, p38\nThis article focuses on folate and the news that it could be harmful to the brain. A new study suggests that folate, in large amounts, may contribute to mental decline. Several other studies suggest that folate in high doses slowed loss of memory and helped decrease the risk of Alzheimer's...\nFolic Acid Improves Cognitive Function. Dye, Dayna // Life Extension;Apr2007, Vol. 13 Issue 4, p19\nThe article reports on the improvement of cognitive function in older adults by supplementing with folic acid in the U.S. According to findings published in the \"Lancet,\" in those people who received folic acid, serum folate increased more than fivefold and plasma total homocysteine decreased 26...\nVitamin B12, Folic Acid, and the Prevention of Dementia. Clarke, Robert // New England Journal of Medicine;6/29/2006, Vol. 354 Issue 26, p2817\nThe author discusses the link between Vitamin B12, folic acid and the prevention of dementia. He describes the prevalence of dementia in the U.S. He details a study which examined the effects of homocysteine-lowering vitamin supplements on the on cognitive function of healthy elderly people. The...\nDaily folic acid supplementation for 3 years improved cognitive function in older persons: COMMENTARY. Bogaisky, Michael; Leipzig, Rosanne M. // ACP Journal Club;May/Jun2007, Vol. 146 Issue 3, p71\nThe author comments on a study which examines whether daily folic acid supplementation for 3 years in older persons can improve cognitive function. He claimed that several factors in the study, such as small effect size and strict inclusion criteria, limit the relevance and generalizability of...\nMethylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase 677C>T and Methionine Synthase 2756A>G Mutations: No Impact on Survival, Cognitive Functioning, or Cognitive Decline in Nonagenarians. Bathum, Lise; Von Bornemann Hjelmborg, Jacob; Christiansen, Lene; McGue, Matt; Jeune, Bernard; Christensen, Kaare // Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences & Medical ;Feb2007, Vol. 62 Issue 2, p196\nBackground. Several reports have shown an association between homocysteine, cognitive functioning, and survival among the oldest-old. Two common polymorphisms in the genes coding for methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR 677C>T) and methionine synthase (MTR 2756A>G) have an impact on plasma...\nHyperhomocysteinemia, Low Folate, and Vitamin B12Deficiency in Elderly Living at Home and Care Residences: A Comparative Study. Gharaibeh, Mohammad Y. // Laboratory Medicine;Jul2010, Vol. 41 Issue 7, p410\nBACKGROUND: Serum levels of homocysteine (Hcy), folate, and vitamin B12in healthy elderly persons living at home (EH) and care residences (ER) were evaluated in subjects from Jordan. METHODS: Homocysteine, folate, and vitamin B12serum levels were measured using commercially available kits....\nFoods that fortify memory. McVeigh, Gloria // Prevention;Nov2006, Vol. 58 Issue 11, p73\nThe article suggests foods that could be used to increase memory. Scientists have found that high-fiber foods such as whole grains could help your memory by preventing diabetes. People who consumed omega-3 fats compared with fat from dairy foods were less likely to develop severe memory loss as...\nFolic Acid May Improve Thinking Skills. // Psychiatric Annals;Mar2007, Vol. 37 Issue 3, p160\nThe article reports on the benefits of folic acid dietary supplements to cognitive skills that usually dwindle with normal aging based on a Dutch study published in the periodical \"The Lancet.\" The participants who orally took 800 µg of folic acid or a placebo all had higher levels of...\nFolate, But Not Homocysteine, Predicts the Risk of Fracture in Elderly Persons. Ravaglia, Giovanni; Forti, Paola; Maioli, Fabiola; Servadei, Lucia; Martelli, Mabel; Brunetti, Nicoletta; Bastagli, Luciana; Cucinotta, Domenico; Mariani, Erminia // Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences & Medical ;Nov2005, Vol. 60 Issue 11, p1458\nBackground. Recent prospective studies reported that increased plasma homocysteine levels are an independent predictor of osteoporotic fracture in elderly persons. 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Over a lifetime cuts, scrapes, burns, trauma brought about by surgery, acne and other skin conditions, even pregnancy can contribute to the formation of scars. Some may be easy to conceal or are so minor only time is required for them to mostly disappear. But what of the variety that results in disfigurement and are not so readily disguised? These can cause real emotional and sometimes even physical pain. The team at Contour Dermatology is passionate in their quest to minimize and improve the appearance of scars.\nWhatever the injury, scarring is a natural condition and the final part of the healing process. When the dermis or middle layer of the skin is damaged, the body forms new collagen fibers to repair the site. The end result is a scar. It’s essentially composed of the same collagen as the tissue it replaced, but unfortunately it differs in texture and quality. Scars are very diverse.\nIdentifying Scars\nIdentifying Scars by Color\nPink to red, brown, even purple scars: Cases of darker skin discoloration are known as hyperpigmentation.\nWhite scars: Cases where skin has lost pigment are known as hypopigmentation.\nIdentifying Scars by Texture\nLumpy, bumpy, raised scars: When the body creates too much collagen at the site, hypertrophic or keloidal scars occur.\nSunken, depressed, pitted scars: When underlying skin support structures such as fat or muscle are lost, atrophic scars occur.\nStretched, indented scars: Commonly referred to as stretch marks are the result of rapid skin expansion – think growth spurts and pregnancy.\nMany factors determine a scar’s appearance and ultimately its treatment. Degree of severity of the initial wound or cut and its location matter, as do age, heredity, sex and ethnicity. One thing is certain – a scar is never trivial to the person involved. Contour Dermatology realizes this and considers each circumstance carefully before recommending a course of action. Sometimes a lone method triumphs. Other times a combination of treatments is necessary to achieve optimum results. “What’s exciting is the challenge of making a scar look like normal skin,” says Dr. Jochen. “I not only try to make it look better, I want to make it so no one can ever tell you had a scar.”\nTypes of Scars\nKELOID SCARS\nWhen healing is overly aggressive and too much collagen is produced, a raised scar will result. If it extends beyond the original injury, it is known as a keloid scar. These irregularly shaped, hard and rubbery textured scars range in color from pink to red and brown.\nItchy and painful, they can grow quite large, be rather unsightly and even impede movement.\nTypically they occur after surgery or an accident, but have been known to appear spontaneously or as the result of some minor inflammation like acne.\nBurns, piercings and laser treatments can trigger keloids.\nCan develop at any age but more commonly found in younger people and in darker skinned individuals.\nEarlobes, arms and upper body areas are frequent sites.\nTreatment for Keloid Scars:\nA number of the following treatments must be used in combination to achieve optimum results.\nSteroid injections: a safe and relatively painless way to flatten keloids. Sometimes these injections can stimulate formation of superficial blood vessels making scars appear redder.\nLasers such as Vbeam® and Excel V™ can help reduce redness.\nSurgery to excise outsized keloids. Since incision can trigger formation of a similar or larger keloid, surgery is often combined with steroid injections and applied pressure dressing.\nThe topical cream Aldara has also been shown to decrease the reappearance of surgically excised keloids.\nCompression dressings made of silicone or other materials can effectively flatten a keloid scar by themselves. Good to use in preventative sense after an injury if a patient is prone to forming keloids.\nCryotherapy: a freezing therapy using liquid nitrogen is often effective on smaller keloid scars.\nHYPERTROPHIC SCARS\nThese red and raised scars, like keloids, are the result of excessive collagen production during the healing process. Hypertrophic scars, however, confine themselves to the boundaries of the injury. Burns scars are included in this category.\nTend to be thick and inflexible. Can restrict movement especially if located close to a joint.\nArise from the same sort of skin traumas that cause keloids, particularly surgical wounds and burns.\nMore common in young adults/teens and occur across racial groups.\nWill improve naturally, shrinking and lightening in color although the process can take a year or more.\nTreatment for Hypertrophic Scars:\nAlthough hypertrophic scars do improve naturally, shrinking and improving over time, many people choose to hasten the process along using some of the following treatments.\nSteroid injections, including a variety known as Kenalog, work well to reduce inflammation.\nSilicone and hydrogel sheets help flatten hypertrophic scars.\nFractional CO2 laser therapy reduces thickness and surface wrinkling.\nMicroneedling: use of the Dermaroller or Dermapen® or to smooth out scarred tissue. Dermapen® is an excellent option for darker skin types.\nATROPHIC SCARS\nThese sunken scars form depressions in the skin due to collagen destruction or when other underlying skin support structures like fat and muscle are lost.\nAppear in the wake of inflammatory conditions such as cystic acne or chicken pox.\nSurgical scars can assume this recessed appearance.\nCan occur anywhere on the body but the facial variety generally cause the most concern.\nStriae or stretch marks fall under this category due to their indented nature. Appear as reddish or purplish lines that eventually lighten. Typically occur in places where larger amounts of fat are stored (abdomen, breasts, thighs) during periods when skin stretches rapidly (pregnancy, significant weight gain, adolescent growth spurts)\nTreatment for Atrophic Scars:\nThe most frequently addressed atrophic scars are the ones left in the wake of a severe case of acne. See treatment for Acne Scars.\nStretch marks\nTopical creams\nFraxel® Laser\nCONTRACTURE SCARS\nColorwise, these scars run the gamut from pink to red, brown and white.\nOccur as the result of burns. tightening skin and often impairing movement.\nCan involve not only the skin, but muscles and nerves.\nTreatment for Contracture Scars:\nSince they consist of non-elastic scar tissue replacing normal elastic connective tissue, treatments for contracture scars include:\nPhysical therapy\nPressure garments\nSkin graft implantation\nSpecial Scar Categories\nACNE SCARS\nSome acne scars are raised but more often they are atrophic (sunken). The sheer range of acne scars has earned them special names based on appearance.\nIce Pick: deep pits extending into the skin as if punctured by an ice pick.\nBoxcar: shallow or deep angular scars with sharp vertical edges\nRolling: wide and shallow scars, caused by damage under the surface giving skin a wave-like appearance.\nTreatment for Acne Scars\nCombinations of the following treatments are usually needed to achieve optimum results.\nMinor surgical solutions include:\nSubcision: a surgical solution that levels the skin.\nPunch Grafting: a technique where the scar is cut out. Then a skin graft, usually taken from behind the ear, is used to fill the void.\nPunch Elevation: a technique where the scar tissue is pinched, the base of the scar raised and the surrounding tissue sutured to seal off the site.\nLaser resurfacing therapies include:\nFractional CO2 lasers direct short-pulsed light energy at
rregular skin removing damage layer by layer.\nFraxel® Laser is a less aggressive alternative to fractional CO2..\nSmoothbeam/Excel V Laser stimulates collagen production which can improve the look and feel of scars.\nOther select treatments include:\nDermabrasion: a procedure that removes top layers of skin, in effect “sanding down” acne scars. At Contour Dermatology, we perform Vibradermabrasion which uses a vibrating paddle instead of crystals.\nMicroneedling: use of the Dermaroller or Dermapen® or to smooth out scarred tissue. Dermapen® is an excellent option for darker skin types.\nInjection of fillers like Restylane, Perlane and Juvéderm to plump up depressed scars.\nTCA Chemical Peel: can improve the appearance of rolling or depressed acne scars.\nBURN SCARS\nMost burn injuries affect only the top layer of the skin causing red and hypertrophic (raised) scars. More severe burn injuries can produce contracture scars that extend deeper, affecting muscles and nerves, tightening skin and impairing mobility.\nBurn scars, in general, need to be closely monitored as affected patients run an increased risk of developing squamous cell carcinoma or an even more aggressive form known as Marjolin’s ulcer.\nTreatment for Burn Scars\nThe severity of a burn and resulting scar dictates treatment. Some of the methods for improving a burn scar’s appearance include:\n• Antibiotic Creams – prescription and non-prescription varieties are available\n• Fractional CO2 laser therapy including Fraxel® Laser\n• Microneedling: use of the Dermaroller or Dermapen® or to smooth out scarred tissue.\nROAD RASH SCARS\nThese scars are usually incurred in accident situations that revolve around skateboarding, mountain biking and similar pursuits where skin makes contact with asphalt or gravel and absorbs it.\nTreatment for Road Rash Scars\nChemical Peels\nRetina-A\nTopical Creams\nHYPOPIGMENTED SCARS\nA thin white scar is the result of natural healing and a reduction of melanin, the substance responsible for pigmentation of the skin. This type of scar is one of the most difficult to reverse.\nTreatment for Hypopigmented Scars\nSilicone sheeting can prevent hypopigmentation if used early in the healing process\nThe use of Latisse in combination with other therapies such as fractional lasers has delivered results.\nExcimer Laser (308 nonmeter wavelength) has helped some hypopigmented scars\nSurgical grafting of pigmented skin to non-pigmented areas.\nMicroneedling – use of Dermapen®\nReactivating the wound and treating it alternately with other methods.\nA Round-Up of Scar Treatment Options and Applications\nChemical Peels – TCA (trichloroacetic acid) chemical peels for acne scars and hyperpigmentation\nCryotherapy – a freezing therapy using liquid nitrogen for smaller keloid scars.\nDermabrasion – a procedure that removes top layers of skin, in effect “sanding down” acne scars. Treats hyperpigmentation as well.\nDermapen – a form of microneedling, effective on hypertrophic and atrophic scars.\nDermaroller – a form of microneedling, effective on hypertrophic and atrophic scars.\nFillers – Restylane, Perlane, Juvéderm, Radiesse or Fat Transfer used to plump up atrophic (depressed) scars, as in the case of acne, also stretch marks.\nLasers – Fractional CO2, Fraxel®, Smoothbeam, Vbeam®, IPL, Medlite C6 lasers for hypertrophic and atrophic scars including those related to acne, stretch marks and hyperpigmentation\nLatisse – used in combination with fractional laser therapy has shown promise on hypopigmented scars.\nRetin-A – A topical derivative of vitamin A available by prescription only. Most effective against shallow acne scars and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. Stimulates the production of collagen. Can be helpful in relieving the pain and itching associated with keloids and hypertrophic scars.\nSteroid Injections – a variety known as Kenalog is used to flatten out hypertrophic and keloid scars.\nSilicone Sheeting – reduces keloid and hypertrophic scars including surgery scars from tummy tucks, breast augmentation or reduction and other cosmetic and non-cosmetic procedures such as C-section.\nSurgical Excision – in the case of keloid scars, where an incision is made and the scar is cut out.\nPunch Grafting – For depressed acne scars. A technique where the scar is cut out, then a skin graft, usually taken from behind the ear, is used to fill the void.\nPunch Elevation – For depressed acne scars. A technique where the scar tissue is pinched, the base of the scar raised and the surrounding tissue sutured to seal off the site.\nTopical Creams –\nPrescription varieties:\nAldara Cream has been shown to decrease the reappearance of surgically excised keloids.\n5-Fluorouracil Cream (5-FU) – typically used to treat skin cancers, it decreases collagen production and has proven helpful on some hypertrophic scars.\nNon-prescription:\nMederma, a gel based on an onion extract. Its marketing claims to make make scars “softer, smoother and less noticeable.\nBleaching Creams – a variety exist on the market to help diminish hyperpigmented scars.\nVitamin E – Special Note: Studies have shown that topically applied vitamin E does NOT help in improving the cosmetic appearance of scars and leads to a higher incidence of an allergic reaction known as contact dermatitis.\nVermadermabrasion– a form of dermabrasion that uses a vibrating paddle.\nConcealment of Scars\nCamouflage Makeup\nDermablend: a light, full-coverage foundation that can cover a variety of scars on the face and body.\nJane Iredale Mineral Makeup: Concealer and corrective color system available at Contour Dermatology.\nTattooing a Scar – NEVER a good idea. The exact pigment can never be matched. Tattoos fade over time and skin pigment changes throughout the year.\n* Results and your patient experience may vary\nFollow Us on:\nFacebook\nFacebook\nTwitter\nTwitter\nGoogle\nGoogle +1\nLinkedIn\nLinkedIn\nYoutube\nYoutube\nPinterest\nPinterest\nRequest Consultation\nRequest Appointment\nContact us for more information\nSubscribe to our Newsletter\nAppointment Request\nI am a...*\nNew Patient\nReturning Patient\nName*\nEmail\nPhone\nPreferred Method of Contact\nPhone\nEmail\nBest Time to Call\nHow Did You Find Out About Us?*\nPlease Choose one.BingBillboardEmailFacebookFriendGoogle SearchInstagramNewspaperPhysician ReferralPinterestRadioTelevisionTwitterWebsiteYahooYelpI'm already a patient\nPreferred Location*\nLa QuintaPalm SpringsRancho Mirage\nPreferred Time*\nFirst AvailableMorningAfternoon\nYour Message*\nThis iframe contains the logic required to handle Ajax powered Gravity Forms.\nConsultation Request\nI am a...*\nNew Patient\nReturning 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Scars\nGallery\nSubscribe\nLocations\nPalm Springs Clinic\n(760) 423-4000\nRancho Mirage Clinic\n(760) 423-4000\nLa Quinta Clinic\n(760) 423-4000\nAbout Contour\nDr Timothy Jochen\nContact Us\nOnline Appointment Request\nPatient Testimonials\nPrivacy Policy\nFor Patients\nPatient Login\nPatient Forms\nPatient Survey\nFinancing\nReturn Policy for Skin Care Products\nMelanoma Awareness Project Member\n© Copyright 2017 Contour Dermatology | All Rights Reserved\nDr. Timothy Jochen April 19, 2018\nHome\nMedical Derm\n▶\nAcne\n▶\nAcne Treatments\nAcne Scars\n▶\nAcne and Scars\nHair Loss\n▶\nAlopecia Areata\nInflammatory Skin Disorders\n▶\nDermatitis\nEczema\nGranuloma Annulare\nGrover’s Disease\nPsoriasis\nRosacea\nUlcer\nScars\n▶\nKeloid Scars\nContour Scar Solutions\n▶\nAcne Scars\nIdentifying Scars\nTreatment Options for Scars\nTypes of Scars\nSkin Cancer\n▶\nActinic Keratosis\nBLU-U® Blue Light Photodynamic Therapy\nBasal Cell Carcinoma\nMelanoma\nMohs Surgery\nSquamous Cell 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Osteoarthritis New Jersey | Totowa Osteoarthritis\nHome\nContact Us\nCall now!\nTotowa 973-237-1975\nLafayette Township 973-862-6377\nConditions Treated\nRheumatoid Arthritis\nOsteoarthritis\nRadiculopathy\nTMJ\nTendonitis\nBursitis\nMuscle Spasms/ Muscle Cramps\nBack Conditions >>\nHerniated and Bulging Discs\nBulging Disc\nDegenerative Disc Disease\nSpinal Stenosis\nScoliosis\nSciatica\nSpondylosis\nFoot Conditions >>\nPlantar Fasciitis\nLeg & Knee Conditions >>\nACL Tear\nMeniscus Tear (Torn Cartilage)\nSciatica\nCartilage Tear\nHand Conditions >>\nTrigger Finger\nCarpal Tunnel Syndrome\nShoulder Conditions >>\nAdhesive Capsulitis or Frozen Shoulder\nRotator Cuff Tear\nSports Injuries >>\nConcussion Testing\nPain Management\nBack Pain\nLower Back Pain\nNeck Pain\nHeadaches\nKnee Pain\nHip Pain\nLeg Pain\nShoulder Pain\nFoot Pain\nWrist Pain\nPhysical Therapy Services\nCore Strengthening – GravityFit\nConcussion Testing\nEquilibrate Balance System\nFall Risk Assessment\nPerformance Rehabilitation\nPost-Operative Rehabilitation\nWorkers Compensation\nFor Employers\nAbout Us\n<< Our Practice\nMeet Dr. Daura\nMeet Dr. Boyce\nBlog\nPatient Forms\nView Our Office\nLocations\nTotowa\nLafayette Township\nTreating the cause of your pain with a personal touch.\nContact Us Today for a Consultation\nMessage\nContact Us\nLower\nBACK PAIN\nFALL RISK\nASSESSMENT\nEQUILiBRATE\nSYSTEM\nPost-Op\nRehabilitation\nConcussion\nTESTING\nPAIN\nMANAGEMENT\nPATIENT\nTESTIMONIALS\nCONNECT WITH US\nHome » Conditions Treated » Osteoarthritis\nOsteoarthritis in New Jersey\nOsteoarthritis describes a condition in which the cartilage of the joints is damaged, causing swelling, stiffness, and other symptoms. At Performance Rehabilitation in Totowa and Lafayette Township, we offer comprehensive, patient-centered treatments for osteoarthritis to the residents of New Jersey.\nWhat is Osteoarthritis?\nInflammation of the joints is a common arthritic condition that affects individuals of any age but is usually diagnosed in older adults who have developed wear and tear of their cartilage. Cartilage breakdown occurs in any joint in the body and is most often found in weight-bearing joints such as those in the spine, knees and hips. Osteoarthritis is also diagnosed frequently in the large toe, neck or fingers. Other joints in the body are not usually affected by osteoarthritis unless a joint is damaged by an underlying cartilage disorder, excessive stress or previous injury.\nThe primary function of cartilage is to absorb shocks and reduce friction with its rubbery but firm material that protects the ends of healthy bones and joints. Healthy cartilage changes shape as it compresses, helping with shock absorption to prevent pain. Unfortunately, osteoarthritis leads to stiff cartilage that loses its elasticity, increasing the possibility of more damage to joints. Over many years, an individual’s cartilage wears away, especially in commonly used joints of the body, leading to less shock absorption. Eventually, ligaments and tendons near the joints begin to stretch as the cartilage continues to deteriorate. This may lead to bones rubbing, causing intense pain.\nWho Gets Osteoarthritis?\nExperts estimate that 27 million individuals in the United States have arthritis, and as people age, they are more likely to develop this condition. After age 60, most individuals have some degree of osteoarthritis, but this condition also affects younger people with repetitive joint stress or injury. For individuals over age 50, more women than men are diagnosed with this form of arthritis.\nWhat are the Symptoms of Osteoarthritis?\nThere are several common symptoms of osteoarthritis that usually develop gradually often making the condition difficult to diagnose, such as:\nChronic swelling of joints such as the knees\nBony deformities of the end or middle joints of the fingers\nJoint stiffness after sleeping or sitting\nDiscomfort in joints after inactivity\nAching joints while walking or using hands\nWhat Causes Osteoarthritis?\nThere are a variety of factors that can lead to an individual developing osteoarthritis.\nOveruse of Joints\nCertain activities can cause joint wear and tear that leads to osteoarthritis. For example, runners often develop knee pain, or typists may experience finger joint damage.\nPrevious Trauma Injuries\nAn injury to a joint makes it more susceptible to developing osteoarthritis. An individual who breaks a hip in a fall is more likely to have cartilage damage that leads to osteoarthritis of that hip at a younger age.\nOther Health Conditions\nCertain health problems such as having rheumatoid arthritis increase the chances of also having osteoarthritis. Other medical problems that lead to osteoarthritis include having excess growth hormones or iron in the body.\nObesity\nCarrying additional weight on the body causes more wear and tear on the joints that bear weight while running or walking. Losing and maintaining weight reduces the chances of developing osteoarthritis, and also decreases joint pain for those already diagnosed with the condition.\nHeredity\nGenetic defects that occur in family groups can lead to problems with cartilage development near the joints or rapid joint deterioration. An individual born with deformities of the spine or joints such as spinal curvature are at higher risk of developing osteoarthritis.\nHow is Osteoarthritis Diagnosed?\nPhysical therapists diagnose a patient with osteoarthritis based on a combination of several factors, such as:\nX-rays and other medical images that reveal joint damage\nPhysical examination to find swollen or enlarged joints\nThe pattern and location of a patient’s joint pain\nA patient’s description of his or her painful symptoms\nX-rays and imaging help reveal the amount of damage to the joint, which is helpful in planning a course of treatment.\nIn addition, there are blood tests that help us determine if a patient has another type of arthritis. When fluid accumulates near painful or swollen joints, our specialists can use joint aspiration techniques to obtain samples used for microscope examination to determine if another disease is present.\nHow does Weight and Exercise Impact Osteoarthritis?\nThe best way to prevent osteoarthritis in the weight-bearing joints is by reducing stress while walking and standing. Losing weight decreases the constant amount of pressure on joints such as the spine, hips or knees and relieves pain in the joints of individuals already diagnosed with osteoarthritis. Overweight individuals with osteoarthritis should change their diet and increase physical activity with mild exercise in order to lose weight.\nWe recommend that people living with osteoarthritis take steps to alleviate the effects of this condition, such as:\nChoosing gentle forms of movement such as yoga, walking or swimming to increase the flexibility and strength of joints and surrounding tissues, including tendons and muscles.\nWalking on flat surfaces and other forms of mild exercise are recommended by physical therapists because it helps to keep cushioning fluids moving through the joints to prevent damage to cartilage.\nAvoiding high-impact forms of exercise such as aerobics, jogging or running that cause pain in the joints.\nWith the support of the physical therapy team at Performance Rehabilitation, located in Totowa and Lafayette Township in New Jersey, you can ease the symptoms that are caused by osteoarthritis. Contact us today to schedule your personal consultation with one of our physical therapists.\nHome\nConditions Treated\nPain Management\nPhysical Therapy Services\nWorkers Compensation\nAbout Us\nLocations\nContact Us\nTOTOWA: 142 Totowa Road, Totowa, New Jersey 07512 | LAFAYETTE: 156 Route 15, Lafayette Township, New Jersey 07848\nCopyright © 2016 Performance Rehabilitation. Website Management: Forlight Marketing. | 2019-04-21T08:33:52Z | "http://www.performancerehabilitationpt.com/osteoarthritis-new-jersey/" | www.performancerehabilitationpt.com | 1 | 5 | 1 |
Lyme Disease Update for Dogs and People - Animal Health Care\nskip to Main Content\nCall Us: 732-972-3201Click for Directions Online Pharmacy\nTwitterFacebookInstagramEmailPhone\nHome\nNew Patient Center\n$1 Veterinary Exam\nVeterinary Services\nAPHIS INTERNATIONAL PET TRAVEL\nPet Health Insurance\nPet Allergies And Dermatology\nPet Ultrasound\nPet Laser Therapy\nPet Dentistry And Oral Surgery\nSECOND OPINION CONSULTATIONS\nVeterinary Pharmacy\nVeterinary Cardiology\nDOG AND CAT VACCINATIONS\nLYME DISEASE IN DOGS\nPet Behavior Counseling\nAnimal X-Ray And Diagnostic\nMICROCHIPPING\nVeterinary Laboratory\nEND OF LIFE CARE FOR PETS\nPet Boarding\nDog Grooming\nVeterinary Urgent Care\nPet Boarding\nAbout Us\nMeet Our Team\nWhat pet parents like you have to say\nBlogs\nVeterinary Reward And Loyalty Program\nFear Free Pets\nEspañol – Veterinario\nContact Us\nMake an Appointment\nOpen Mobile Menu\nBlogHome » NJ Lyme Disease Update…\nNJ Lyme Disease Update for Dogs and People\nMarch 19, 2019\nMarlboro Vets\nBlog, lyme disease\nLyme disease in dogs and people is an illness caused by bacteria that is carried by ticks. This infection can cause a variety of symptoms and if left untreated can be severe. Lyme disease is spread to people by the bite of an infected tick and is not spread from person to person. Symptoms may include a rash that looks like a bulls-eye, tiredness, fever, headache, stiff neck, muscle aches, and joint pain. If left untreated, infected persons may develop arthritis, nervous system problems, and heart problems. If treated early, antibiotic therapy is generally effective. To prevent Lyme disease, it is important to avoid tick bites. Examples of prevention measures includes avoiding wooded areas with dense shrubs and leaf litter, wearing protective clothing, using insect repellents, performing tick checks and by mowing lawns and keeping shrubs trimmed. Below are some FAQs from the NJ Department of Health. For more detailed information, go to: https://www.state.nj.us/health/cd/topics/lyme.shtml\nWhat is Lyme disease?\nLyme disease is an illness caused by infection with the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi (boar-ELL-ee-uh\nburg-dorf-ERR-eye). This bacterium is carried by ticks. This infection can cause a variety of symptoms\nand if left untreated can be severe.\nHow is Lyme disease spread?\nLyme disease is spread to people by the bite of an infected tick. In New Jersey, the most commonly\ninfected tick is the deer tick (or black-legged tick, Ixodes scapularis). Immature ticks become infected by\nfeeding on infected white-footed mice and other small mammals, such as deer and meadow voles. Deer\nticks can also spread other tick-borne diseases. Humans can be infected with more than one tick-borne\ndisease at the same time.Lyme disease is not spread from person to person. It is not necessary to avoid someone who is ill with\nLyme disease.\nWho gets Lyme disease?\nAnyone who is bitten by a tick carrying the bacteria can become infected. People who spend a lot of time\noutdoors in tick-infested areas from April through October are at greatest risk of becoming infected.\nProper removal of a tick from the skin within 48 hours of being bitten can reduce the risk of infection (For\nmore information on tick removal, see “How can Lyme disease be prevented” below).\nWhat are the symptoms of Lyme disease?\nThe early symptoms of Lyme disease may resemble those of various other infectious and non-infectious\ndiseases. The most common symptoms may include:\n• A rash that looks like a bull’s-eye (occurs in 60 – 80% of people who become infected)\n• Tiredness\n• Fever\n• Headache\n• Stiff neck\n• Muscle aches\n• Joint pain\nIf untreated, weeks to months later some people may also have:\n• Arthritis\n• Nervous system problems\n• Heart problems\nThe red bull’s-eye rash usually appears 7 to 14 days after the tick bite. Some people see their health care\nprovider for the first time with advanced symptoms without having had early signs of the disease.\nHow is Lyme disease diagnosed?\nA two-step process is the recommended method for making a diagnosis of Lyme disease. A Lyme disease\ndiagnosis should be based on clinical findings, supported by a series of laboratory tests. An enzyme-linked\nimmunosorbent assay (ELISA), or an indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA), test is usually performed first. If\nthe result of this test is uncertain or positive, a more specific Western immunoblot (WB) test should be\nperformed to confirm the results obtained with the first test. Borrelia burgdorferi can also be grown\nin culture from clinical specimens; however, this test is often difficult to perform. Polymerase chain\nreaction (PCR) tests have been used to amplify the DNA of Borrelia burgdorferi in skin, blood, and\ncerebrospinal and synovial fluids, but this type of testing has not been standardized for the routine\ndiagnosis of Lyme disease.\nWhat is the treatment for Lyme disease?\nIf treated early, antibiotic therapy for 3 to 4 weeks is generally effective. More advanced disease\nmay require antibiotics to be given into the vein (“IV” or “intravenous”) for four weeks or longer.\nAmoxicillin and doxycycline are two common antibiotics used for treatment. (NOTE – it is very\nimportant to finish your antibiotics, even if you begin to feel better, unless otherwise directed by\nyour health care provider.)\nHow can Lyme disease be prevented?\nYou can reduce your risk by taking these actions to avoid tick bites, or to safely remove a tick if you\nare bitten:\n• Avoid wooded areas with dense shrubs and leaf litter, where ticks like to hide.\n• Make your yard less attractive to ticks by mowing lawns and trimming trees.\n• Wear solid, light-colored clothing. This will make it easier to find a tick on your clothes.\n• Tuck your pants into your socks and wear a long-sleeved shirt. This will help prevent a tick\nfrom attaching to your skin.\n• Use insect repellents on yourself and your pets. There are two types of repellents effective for\nticks. Repellents that contain DEET can be used on clothing and exposed skin. The other type\nof repellent contains permethrin and should ONLY be used on clothing. Always read and\nfollow label directions carefully.\n• Check yourself for ticks frequently when you are in tick-infested areas. Check again after\nreturning and again before going to bed. Don’t overlook some of ticks’ favorite hiding places\n– on the scalp, behind the ears, under the arms, on the ankles, and in the groin.\nWhat should I do if I find a tick?\n• If you find a tick, remove it immediately before it attaches to the skin. Do not squeeze or\ncrush it with bare hands.\n• If a tick has already attached to the skin, use tweezers to grasp it by the head (not just the\nbody) as close to the skin as possible. Pull steadily until the tick pulls out (expect some\nresistance).\n• Never squeeze an attached tick, burn it, or cover it with Vaseline or any other substance.\nDoing so could force fluid from the tick into your skin.\n• After removing a tick, disinfect the bite area and tweezers with alcohol, and wash your hands\nwith soap and hot water.\nHow should I dispose of a tick?\nPlace the tick in a sealed container or small plastic bag and put it in the trash. Do not flush ticks\ndown the toilet because they can easily survive in the water.\nShare This\nTweet\nShare\nShare\nEmail\nRelated Posts\nPet Microchip FAQ\nQ:What is a pet microchip? A: A pet microchip is a small, electronic chip enclosed in…\nDog Ticks\nDog Ticks are one of a dog owner's worst nightmares. They are attracted to heat…\nDog Ticks\nDog ticks are usually found in the woods, trees, tall grass and shrubs. Humans, dogs,…\nContact Us\nAnimal Health Care of Marlboro\n299 Route 9 South\nat Union Hill Road\nEnglishtown, NJ 07726\n732-972-3201\nRecent Blog Posts\nprevious post: Pet Microchips: Get Your Dog and Cat Microchipped\nContact Us\nAnimal Health Care of Marlboro\n299 Route 9 South\nat Union Hill Road\nEnglishtown, NJ 07726\n732-972-3201\n732-972-3303\[email protected]\nConnect With Us\nFacebook\nInstagram\nTwitter\nGet Directions\nInteresting Blog Posts\nPet Microchips: Get Your Dog and Cat Microchipped\nMarch 13, 2019\nGeriatric Pets\nFebruary 14, 2019\nCopyright 2019 - All Rights Reserved\nHome\nContact Us\nBack To Top | 2019-04-26T01:42:20Z | "https://www.marlborovets.com/blog/nj-lyme-disease-update-for-dogs-and-people/" | www.marlborovets.com | 0 | 3 | 1 |
Pediatric Professional Association | Overland Park, KS | Child Care | Overland Park, KS | Pediatric Professional Assoc.\nMenu\nHome\nAbout Us\nMeet Our Doctors\nMeet Our Staff\nOur Services\nInsurance\nWell Visits\nSick Visits\nHospitals\nPhoto Gallery\nContact Us\nLocation\nAppointments\nWalk-Ins\nAfter Hours\nEmergencies\nPhone Hours\nPrescription Refills\nBilling and Payment\nMedical Records\nPatient Education\nPatient Forms\nIs Your Child Sick\nMedical Library\nMedicine Dosages\nMedical Conditions\nHealth & Resources Corner\nUseful Links\nPractice News\nAlerts\nPractice Policies\nVisual Symptom Checker\nPortal\nPay Now\n913-541-3300\n10600 Quivira Road, Suite 210, Overland Park, KS 66215\n1\n2\n3\nStart\nMedical Conditions\nCroup: When Your Child Needs Hospital Care\nPrint, Share, or View Spanish version of this article\nCroup is a common illness that affects the airways, making it hard for a child to breathe. It's most common in toddlers but can affect children between 6 months and 12 years of age. Another symptom is a loud barking cough that is worse at night. Trouble breathing and the barking cough can be scary for parent and child. Most children with viral croup also have low fever.\nSymptoms to watch for\nMost cases of croup can be treated successfully at home. However, children with severe cases of croup may need to be treated in the hospital. Call 911 or an ambulance right away if your child\nMakes a whistling sound (called stridor) that gets louder with each breath.\nCannot speak because of a lack of breath.\nSeems to struggle to get a breath.\nHas a bluish color of the lips, mouth, or fingernails.\nDrools or has trouble swallowing.\nCare of your child at the hospital\nAt the hospital, your child's doctor will decide the best way to treat your child. Treatments may include the following:\nEpinephrine. This medicine can help reduce swelling in the upper airways so that your child can breathe better. Epinephrine is given through a nebulizer. A nebulizer is a machine that turns liquid medicine into a fine mist. The mist is breathed in through a mouthpiece or face mask. Often, when this medicine is used, doctors prefer to continue to watch a child for several hours after it is given. This sometimes requires a stay in the hospital.\nCorticosteroids. These medicines can be useful in reducing inflammation in the body. They work in 2 ways. Systemic corticosteroids must go through the body to treat the inflammation in the upper airway. Inhaled or intranasal corticosteroids go directly to where the inflammation is. (Corticosteroids are not the same as anabolic steroids that are used illegally by some athletes to build muscle.)\nOxygen. Sometimes when breathing is very difficult for a child, the body may not get enough oxygen and the work of breathing increases. Oxygen given through a mask or a small tube near the nose will make it easier to breathe.\nWhen can my child go home?\nAs soon as your child's breathing improves, usually within a few hours, he will be allowed to go home. Sometimes a child with croup will stay in the hospital overnight for observation.\nCare of your child at home\nIf your child has a mild case of croup, breathing in moist air may help.\nBring your child into a bathroom where a hot shower is running. Let your child breathe in the moist air to help open her airway. However, do not leave a young child alone with the shower running.\nUse a cool-mist humidifier in your child's room.\nTake your child outdoors for a few minutes. Inhaling moist, cool night air may help open the air passages so that she can breathe more freely. Remember to dress your child for the cold weather.\nIf breathing in moist air doesn't help and you notice any of the \"Symptoms to watch for\" listed previously, your child needs to be taken to the hospital right away. Call 911 or an ambulance for help.\nKeep your child healthy\nThe following are ways to keep your child healthy:\nStop germs from spreading. Most cases of croup are caused by cold and flu viruses. Frequent hand washing with soap is the best way to prevent germs from spreading. You can also use a waterless hand cleaner.\nAvoid germs. Try to keep your child away from other children with croup or other upper respiratory infections (such as colds and flu).\nAvoid smokers. Do not let anyone smoke around your child, as it can make croup worse.\nCopyright © 2008\nX\nX | 2019-04-18T17:26:49Z | "https://ppadocs.com/Patient-Education/Medical-Conditions/Croup-When-Your-Child-Needs-Hospital-Care" | ppadocs.com | 1 | 2 | 1 |
gnesium: Basics, Benefits, and Sources\nMedicineNet\nSYMPTOM CHECKER\nDisease & Conditions\nConditions A-Z\nProcedures A-Z\nAllergies\nAlzheimer's\nArthritis\nAsthma\nBlood Pressure\nCancer\nCholesterol\nChronic Pain\nCold & Flu\nDepression\nDiabetes\nDigestion\nEyesight\nHealth & Living\nHealthy Kids\nHearing & Ear\nHeart\nHIV/AIDS\nInfectious Disease\nLung Conditions\nMenopause\nMen's Health\nMental Health\nMigraine\nNeurology\nOral Health\nPregnancy\nSenior Health\nSexual Health\nSkin Problems\nSleep\nThyroid\nTravel Health\nWomen's Health\nGastroenterology\nHemorrhoids\nDiabetes\nDiabetes (Type 1 and Type 2)\nTeen Health\nBullying\nDermatology\nJock Itch\nDrugs & Supplements\nMedications\nSupplements and Vitamins\nADHD\nVyvanse vs. Strattera\nSleep Disorder\nBenzodiazepines\nDepression\nZoloft\nHealth & Living\nDiet & Weight Management\nExercise & Fitness\nNutrition, Food & Recipes\nPrevention & Wellness\nDigestive Problems\nLow Fiber Diet\nFitness, Exercise, Sports\nAerobic Exercise\nDigestive Problems\nProbiotics\nMedia\nAll\nSlideshows\nAdult Skin Conditions\nCommon Eye Problems and Infections\nSexually Transmitted Diseases\nAll\nQuizzes\nDiet and Nutrition Quiz\nHeart Disease Quiz\nKidney Disease Quiz\nAll\nImages\nGenital Warts\nScabies\nAlopecia Areata\nMedTerms Dictionary\nSlideshows\nQuizzes\nImages\nPrivacy Policy\nAbout Us\nContact Us\nTerms of Use\nAdvertising Policy\n©1996-2018 MedicineNet, Inc. All rights reserved. Terms of Use.\nMedicineNet does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See additional information.\nhome/health & living center/ nutrition, food & recipes a-z list/slideshows a-z list > magnesium benefits sources deficiency article\nMagnesium: Basics, Benefits, and Sources\nWhat Is Magnesium?\nMagnesium is a critical mineral that the body uses for hundreds of important body processes. It is necessary for more than 300 biochemical reactions in the body. Along with calcium, we need magnesium for the proper function of muscles and nerves. Sufficient levels of magnesium are necessary to maintain a healthy heart, bones, and to regulate blood sugar and blood pressure levels. Your body needs magnesium to generate energy. The mineral is present in a variety of foods and beverages, but many people may still fall short of optimum levels. In these cases, your doctor may recommend that you take magnesium supplements.\nRDA for Magnesium\nHow much magnesium do you need? The Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) represents the amount of a nutrient that healthy people need to meet their daily requirements. Adult women between the ages of 19 and 30 years old should aim to get approximately 310 milligrams of magnesium per day and 320 milligrams per day at the age of 31 and older. Adult men between the ages of 19 and 30 should aim to get 400 milligrams of magnesium per day and 420 milligrams per day at the age of 31 and older. The RDA for children ranges from 30 to 240 milligrams per day, depending on the child's age. Ask your doctor or child's pediatrician how much magnesium you and your family members should be getting per day.\nMagnesium Deficiency\nApproximately have of people in the U.S. do not get enough magnesium in their daily diets. Chronic suboptimal intake of magnesium increases the risk of a variety of health issues including migraines, cardiovascular disease, high blood pressure, and type 2 diabetes. People who have Crohn's disease, celiac disease, alcoholism, and type 2 diabetes are at risk for having inadequate magnesium levels. These conditions either impair nutrient absorption, increase magnesium requirements of the body, or deplete mineral stores, resulting in low magnesium levels. Older people are more likely to suffer from low magnesium levels as well because magnesium absorption decreases with age and our kidneys excrete more of the mineral as we get older. Older adults are also more likely to have medical conditions or take medications that decrease levels of this mineral.\nMagnesium supplements come in a variety of forms including magnesium glycinate, magnesium orotate, magnesium threonate, magnesium amino acid chelate, magnesium citrate, magnesium chloride, magnesium lactate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium gluconate, and magnesium carbonate. Ask your doctor or pharmacist which type of magnesium supplementation is right for you.\nMagnesium in Excess\nMagnesium is a water-soluble mineral. If you are healthy and your kidneys work well, your kidneys will remove excess magnesium that your body does not need. What are the symptoms of too much magnesium? You may get cramps, feel nauseated, or have loose stools. If you take magnesium supplements, experts recommend taking no more than 350 milligrams per day. Check the labels of laxatives and antacids. These medications may contain magnesium and you could be taking in more of the mineral than you need. Thought rare, very high levels of magnesium may result in potentially life-threatening magnesium toxicity.\nGet Strong Bones\nOne of the benefits of magnesium is it is involved in bone formation. It guards against bone loss, bone breaks, and the bone-thinning disease, osteoporosis. The mineral affects levels of parathyroid hormone and vitamin D, two other critical players for maintaining bone health. Adequate magnesium intake is associated with higher bone density in both men and women. Women who have osteoporosis have lower levels of magnesium than those who do not have the condition. More research is needed, but results of a small study suggest that postmenopausal women who took 290 milligrams of magnesium experienced less bone loss than those who did not take supplemental magnesium.\nInflammation Fighter\nInflammation is a normal response in the body that facilitates healing, but it can be harmful when it occurs in excess or at inappropriate times. Chronic inflammation has been linked to conditions like arthritis, heart disease, and diabetes. Results of studies suggest that low magnesium levels are associated with higher levels of inflammation. Getting adequate magnesium is one way to decrease inflammation and help reduce the risk of chronic conditions.\nProtect Heart Health\nMagnesium is necessary for the proper function of the heart. Adequate magnesium levels decrease the risk of heart disease, heart attack, and dangerous heart rhythms (arrhythmia). In studies, people who had the highest blood serum levels of magnesium were less likely to suffer from sudden cardiac death than those who had the lowest blood serum levels of the mineral. Magnesium benefits blood vessel walls by relaxing them, which then leads to lower blood pressure. It may even help boost \"good\" HDL cholesterol levels.\nSquash Migraines\nLow levels of magnesium are linked to the release of brain chemicals (neurotransmitters) and constriction of blood vessels in the brain that trigger migraines. Getting adequate magnesium may help reduce the frequency of debilitating migraines by an average of just a little more than 40 percent. Ask your doctor if taking 400 to 500 milligrams of supplemental magnesium per day is appropriate for you if you suffer from migraines.\nWard off Diabetes\nMagnesium serves an important role in processing energy in the body. People who have low levels of the mineral are more likely to suffer from type 2 diabetes than those who have normal levels. People who have type 2 diabetes also lose more magnesium in their urine, leading to further potential problems with blood sugar control. Magnesium assists the function of insulin, the hormone that regulates blood sugar levels. Load up on nuts, leafy greens, and other magnesium-rich foods to keep your blood levels of this mineral high.\nEat More Nuts and Seeds\nNuts and seeds are good food sources of magnesium. An ounce of almonds or cashews has approximately 80 milligrams of magnesium. That is about 20 percent of the recommended daily value for the mineral. One-quarter of a cup of peanuts has approximately 63 milligrams of magnesium. Seeds can also help you reach your daily magnesium intake goals, too. Pumpkin seeds, sunflower seeds, and flax seeds are great choices for salad toppings. Nuts and seeds are also rich in antioxidants, fiber, and healthy fats that boost heart health and guard against chronic diseases. Nuts and seeds help fill in nutrient gaps and prevent deficiency.\nGet Your Fill of Whole Grains\nWhen you eat grains, make sure they are whole grains that are high in magnesium and fiber. Whole-grain foods contain all three parts of the grain seed -- the bran, the germ, and the endosperm. The outermost layer of the seed, the bran, contains antioxidants, fiber, and B vitamins. The germ contains B vitamins, proteins, minerals, and healthy fats. Refined grains are stripped of many nutrients because they contain only the starchy endosperm. To maximize your magnesium and nutrient intake, choose whole grains.\nGet your fill of magnesium throughout the day. For breakfast, have two large shredded wheat cereal biscuits that have 61 milligrams of magnesium. For lunch, have a sandwich with two slices of whole wheat bread that have 46 milligrams of magnesium. At dinner, have a 1/2 cup serving of brown rice that supplies 42 milligrams of the mineral. For breakfast or a snack, one packet of instant oatmeal serves up 36 milligrams of magnesium.\nReach for Healthy Avocados\nAvocado is a great source of dietary magnesium. One cup of cubed avocado contains 44 milligrams of magnesium. They are also rich in potassium, fiber, folate, and healthy fats. You can enjoy avocados morning, noon, or night. Spread mashed or sliced avocado over a slice of whole wheat toast for breakfast. Add diced or sliced avocado to salads. Mash avocados and add diced tomatoes and onions, cilantro, lime, and salt and pepper to make a tasty guacamole. Avocado is a natural topping for favorite Mexican dishes like tacos and nachos.\nEat More Dark Leafy Greens\nIf you are deficient in magnesium, eat more spinach which is a great food source of the mineral. It contains approximately 150 milligrams of magnesium per cooked cup. Dark leafy greens such as spinach, kale, and collard greens are also rich in calcium, potassium, and iron. Additionally, they contain ample amounts of vitamins A, C, and K. Other veggies that are rich in magnesium include edamame, potatoes, broccoli, and carrots. Edamame has 50 milligrams of magnesium per half cup. Just 3 1/2 ounces of potatoes have 43 milligrams of the mineral. Broccoli has 12 milligrams per half cup. One medium carrot has 7 milligrams of magnesium.\nRely on Soy\nSoy is rich source of vegetarian protein, but it is also a good food source of magnesium. A cup of soy milk contains 61 milligrams of magnesium. Fortified soy milk also provides a good dose of calcium. Half a cup of edamame contains 50 milligrams of the mineral. You can enjoy soy in many other forms including tofu, tempeh (fermented soy), miso, soy yogurt and ice cream, soy burgers, and soy hot dogs. Soy contains phytoestrogens, plant compounds that act as weak estrogens in the body.\nEat More Beans\nBeans can help you reach your daily magnesium intake goals and avoid magnesium deficiency. One half cup of black beans contains 60 milligrams of magnesium. One half cup of kidney beans (35 milligrams), white beans (67 milligrams), lima beans (50 milligrams), navy beans (48 milligrams), and cow peas (46 milligrams) serves up ample doses of the mineral. You can add beans to soups, stews, and salads. Make zesty bean dips. Beans are good sources of protein and are rich in iron, zinc, and fiber, too.\nWatch for Interactions\nAsk your doctor before taking a magnesium supplement. Magnesium supplements can benefits you if you need them, but supplements can cause side effects and may potentially interact with other medications and other supplements that you are taking. Make sure your doctor has a complete list of all medications and supplements that you are taking. Some drugs may interfere with your ability to absorb magnesium. Magnesium supplements may interfere with the action of antibiotics and osteoporosis drugs.\nReviewed by Charles Patrick Davis, MD, PhD on 4/13/2018\nMagnesium: Basics, Benefits, and Sources\nSources:\nIMAGES PROVIDED BY:\nThinkstock\nThinkstock\nThinkstock\nThinkstock\nScience Source\nThinkstock\nThinkstock\nThinkstock\nThinkstock\nThinkstock\nThinkstock\nThinkstock\nThinkstock\nThinkstock\nThinkstock\nThinkstock\nREFERENCES:\nNIH Office of Dietary Supplements: “Magnesium.”\nNutrition Reviews: “Magnesium, Inflammation, and Obesity in Chronic Disease,” “Suboptimal Magnesium Status in the United States: Are the Health Consequences Underestimated?”\nOldways Whole Grains Council: “What’s a Whole Grain? A Refined Grain?”\nUSDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference Release: “Nutrients: Magnesium, Mg (mg).”\nThis tool does not provide medical advice. See additional information:\nTHIS TOOL DOES NOT PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE. It is intended for general informational purposes only and does not address individual circumstances. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment and should not be relied on to make decisions about your health. Never ignore professional medical advice in seeking treatment because of something you have read on the MedicineNet Site. If you think you may have a medical emergency, immediately call your doctor or dial 911.\n© 1996-2019 WebMD, LLC. 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All rights reserved. Terms of Use.\nMedicineNet does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See additional information.\nHealth Categories\nMedical Slideshows\nDiseases & Conditions\nSymptoms & Signs\nProcedures & Tests\nMedications\nHealthy Living\nVitamins & Supplements\nImage Collection\nQuizzes\nMedTerms Dictionary\nPet Health\nPopular Health Centers\nAllergies\nArthritis\nBlood Pressure\nCancer\nChronic Pain\nCold & Flu\nDepression\nDiabetes\nDigestion\nHealth & Living\nHealthy Kids\nHearing & Ear\nHeart\nHIV/AIDS\nInfectious Disease\nMen's Health\nMental Health\nNeurology\nPregnancy\nSexual Health\nSkin\nThyroid\nWomen's Health\nMore...\nMedicineNet\nPrivacy Policy\nAbout Us\nContact Us\nSite Map\nWebMD Corporate\nWebMD\nWebMDRx\nMedscape\nMedscape Reference\neMedicineHealth\nRxList\nOnHealth | 2019-04-20T18:37:06Z | "https://www.medicinenet.com/magnesium_benefits_sources_deficiency/article.htm" | www.medicinenet.com | 3 | 4 | 0 |
Treating Postpartum Depression, What Does It Works? (2018)\nGETTING PREGNANT\nFertility & Conception\nBirth Control\nMiscarriage & Abortion\nPREGNANCY\nPregnancy Test\nPregnancy Care\nBABY\nBaby Names\nTODDLER\nPARENTING\nFAMILY\nREVIEWS\nSTORIES\nWomen’s Health\nVaginal Discharge\nImplantation Bleeding\nSpotting\nPostpartum Health\nSearch\nThursday, April 11, 2019\nContact Us\nWrite for Us\nAsk a Question\nLady Questions\nCheckPregnancy\nGETTING PREGNANT\nFertility & Conception\nBirth Control\nMiscarriage & Abortion\nPREGNANCY\nPregnancy Test\nPregnancy Care\nBABY\nBaby Names\nTODDLER\nPARENTING\nFAMILY\nREVIEWS\nSTORIES\nWomen’s Health\nVaginal Discharge\nImplantation Bleeding\nSpotting\nPostpartum Health\nHome Women's Health Postpartum Health Medical and Natural Treatment Guide of Postpartum Depression\nMedical and Natural Treatment Guide of Postpartum Depression\nBy\nYimmy\n-\nDecember 26, 2017\n0\nShare on Facebook\nTweet on Twitter\ntweet\nGenerally, the kind of treatment chosen relies on one key thing your symptoms. For mild and moderate symptoms, nonpharmacological (psychotherapy) methods are recommended, but if you do not respond to them, medication will be essential. For severe symptoms, medication together with psychotherapy is the option most preferred.\nIn most instances, clinicians suggest the use of both pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods at the same time. In fact, many types of research have proved that a combination of the two is the best approach to deal with postpartum depression.\nPostpartum depression treatment is divided into two phases- the acute and maintenance. The acute phase aims at treating current symptoms while the maintenance phase focuses on preventing relapse of the negative emotions and actions. The acute phase lasts eight to twelve weeks, and the maintenance phase goes for six to 24 months or even longer.\nTable of Contents\nPharmacological Treatment (Medication)\na) Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)\nb) Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs)\nc) Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA)\nd) Tranquilizer\nBreastfeeding Considerations When on Medication\nNatural Nonpharmacological Therapy\nPsychotherapy\na) Interpersonal Therapy (IPT)\nb) Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT)\nc) Psychodynamic Therapy (PDT)\nd) Family Focused Therapy (FFT)\ne) Couples Therapy\nf) Group Therapy\ng) Parent-Infant Psychotherapy\nh) Bright Light Therapy (Phototherapy)\n8 Tips on How to Get The Best Out of Your Therapy\nExercise\nElectroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)\n10 Things to Expect When Undergoing Treatment of PPD\nPostpartum Depression Guide\nPharmacological Treatment (Medication)\nPostpartum depression medication is mainly used to change the chemical composition of the brain to improve emotions, mood, and behavior. The drugs alter certain chemical messengers known as neurotransmitters, which are responsible for communication with emotional and behavioral functions of the brain and other body parts. By taking medication, you can improve symptoms such as anxiety, irritability, lethargy, fatigue, and sadness.\nUse of medication for treatment of postnatal depression is a careful balance of dealing with the depressive symptoms as well as preventing exposure to the infant. Though it has its concerns, it is the option of choice if your symptoms are persistent or so severe and especially, if you have thoughts of harming yourself or the baby. The drugs must be prescribed by a clinician.\nFor most drugs, the doctor prescribes a starting dose, which is reviewed after about two weeks. The dosage can then be adjusted appropriately, depending on your tolerance and response to the drugs.\nDrug options include:\na) Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)\nSuch as Celexa, Lexapro, Prozac, Luvox, Paxil, and Zoloft are the mainstay of postpartum medical treatment as they are better tolerated and their dosage frequency is once daily. This class of drugs works by stimulating the brain to release serotonin. With SSRIs, you may start feeling better between one and three weeks, but for some symptoms, it may take six to eight weeks. If by the third week you do not notice any changes, it is prudent to talk to your doctor to either review the dosage or change medication.\nWhen taking SSRIs, you may notice side effects that include a headache, change in sleeping and eating pattern, and change in libido.\nb) Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs)\nWork by delaying reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine. Therefore, these two neurotransmitters remain in the blood circulation longer, resulting in elevation of mood and prevention of deterioration of depressive symptoms. They include Effexor, Pristiq, Savella, Cymbalta, Irenka, and Khedezla. Your doctor may suggest this class of drugs either if you have successfully used them before, or SSRIs are ineffective for you. Other than treating the symptoms, SNRIs may also cause constipation, dry mouth, sweating, altered vision, and nervousness.\nc) Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA)\nInclude Elavil, Tofranil, and Aventyl. They work by inhibiting reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin, just like the SNRIs. These two neurotransmitters play a role in mood balance. TCAs are used if SSRIs and SNRIs have not worked well. They are effective for other mood disorders not related to pregnancy, but some of them are not considered safe when breastfeeding. Nortriptyline (Aventyl or Pamelor) and imipramine (Tofranil) are only detectable in breastmilk in small amounts, thus can be used by nursing mothers. However, Doxepin is not safe. Tricyclics may also cause troublesome effects, and that is why doctors shy away from using them as a first-line treatment.\nIf your doctor sees that TCAs are the best options for you, they will start with very low doses then gradually increase, to lower the harshness of the side effects. Their common side effects include dry mouth, blurred vision, fatigue, dizziness when standing up, increased sweating, difficulty in emptying the bladder, and constipation.\nd) Tranquilizer\nIt is the least commonly used. They are reserved for the most severe cases of postpartum psychosis and postpartum OCD. They work by blocking dopamine, thus suppressing hallucinations, delusions, and disordered thinking. They are known to calm even the seriously ill patients- just like their name (tranquility) suggests. They are potentially hazardous when breastfeeding, so formula feeding would be the best if these medications are needed. Tranquilizers are also highly addictive and can be abused.\nAn important thing to note about all these classes of drugs is that you should never suddenly stop taking them. If you do this, you can either relapse or have some very adverse side effects of withdrawal. The medication should slowly be tapered off by your doctor.\nBreastfeeding Considerations When on Medication\nThere is no doubt that breastfeeding is the best food for the baby. The WHO recommends that you should exclusively breastfeed for the first six months. Other than meeting the nutritional requirements of the baby, breastmilk also provides immunity and lowers the risk of allergies.\nAntidepressant medications have potential risks to an infant as they cross to breastmilk and thus, are a great concern even for the clinicians. The child is primarily at a risk of liver and kidney image as these two organs are usually immature to metabolize and excrete the drugs.\nYour doctor will weigh the risk and benefits of the drugs. If the benefits outweigh the risk, then they will go ahead to prescribe the medication for you. All the antidepressants pass to breastmilk, but the amount that passes varies among different drugs. Citalopram, nortriptyline, sertraline, and paroxetine, the most commonly used drugs, are associated with low levels in the bodies of nursing infants. Research has shown that the amounts that pass do not cause any significant damage.\nHowever, if you are taking antidepressants and also breastfeeding, it is crucial to keep on monitoring the baby for signs of any effects. Some of these negative effects include persistent irritability, sedation, decreased feeding, or poor weight gain.\nSometimes, the drugs that work best for you could be ones that cross to breast milk at higher levels. If this is the case, talk to your clinician, therapist and family members and see whether formula feeding would be a better option.\nRemember that getting adequate sleep is essential for your symptoms to improve. Exclusive breastfeeding may be a bit tiresome especially if you have to wake up to feed. In this case, consider pumping some milk so that other family members can feed while you rest.\n[Relevance: End Your Depression Book Review]\nNatural Nonpharmacological Therapy\nPsychotherapy\nPsychotherapy involves intense counseling by a trained therapist. For this reason, it is casually referred to as “talk therapy.” It is an alternative to use of medications, especially when breastfeeding. Many mothers prefer the nonpharmacological route of treatment due to the risk of infant exposure and potential side effects of the antidepressants. Furthermore, research suggests that you should first try psychotherapy if your symptoms are not severe.\nThe goal of psychotherapy is to help you look at things differently, overcome fears and insecurities and learn new ways to react to the baby, your partner and other people. It focuses on helping you to cope with your feelings, solve problems and change behavior that may be worsening your emotions. Another key thing about psychotherapys that it not only focuses on you alone but also the baby, your partner, and the family.\nYou will find out that it does not just involve the therapist talking, but it is more of you actively working towards solutions to your emotions. The therapy will focus on both your past and present emotions and thoughts. Focusing on the past will help you explain certain things in your pre-pregnancy and pregnancy period. On the other hand, focusing on the present will help you to deal with your current feelings and prepare for the future.\nThe success of your psychotherapy treatment will depend on your ability to openly talk to your therapist, make goals and real progress. To achieve this, think of your relationship with your therapist as a partnership. If you are in a business partnership with someone, you will do everything for the business to succeed- right from setting goals, implementing plans and evaluating your success. These are the same expectations that have to be met for your partnership with your therapists to succeed. The two of you must work together for you to feel better.\nYour therapist can use various approaches as discussed below. The therapy methods can either be used on their own or together with other approaches. They include:\na) Interpersonal Therapy (IPT)\nThis approach is mainly time-limited and goal oriented. It majors on teaching you new skills to lessen your symptoms based on the connection between interpersonal problems and emotions. Typically, the sessions take 12 to 20 weeks. During this time, the therapist focuses on helping you to adapt to a new relationship with your baby, partner, family and work colleagues. The therapist does not work towards changing your personality but teaches you new coping mechanisms to your current feelings and actions.\nb) Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT)\nHere, you will be taking the active role to recognize your active thoughts, negative emotions, and beliefs, while the therapist helps you see which ones are counterproductive, for you to change them. For instance, once you speak out your feelings or actions, the mental health care provider helps you see whether they are unhealthy, disruptive and when you have overstepped your boundaries.\nThis approach requires you to have a calm state of mind and can take independent decisions towards treatment goals. So, it is mostly used for mild and moderate depression or in later stages of treatment. It differs from Interpersonal Therapy in that it focuses on teaching you new behaviors to deal with negative thinking patterns and adapt to your new mommy status.\nc) Psychodynamic Therapy (PDT)\nThis method is also referred to as insight-oriented therapy. Its goal is to help you deal with unresolved conflicts from your past. It increases your self-awareness to understand how your past experiences can influence the present behavior. For instance, a therapist may help you recover from the agony that you experienced in the past if you had a miscarriage, lost a baby or even separated with your partner. Most of these events are predisposing factors for postnatal depression.\nd) Family Focused Therapy (FFT)\nFamily therapy works to identify difficulties that may be worsening your symptoms. Its goal is to help the family members find effective ways to deal with your symptoms and to help you recover. The therapist teaches the family about your mental health condition and how best to take care of you without disengaging from their efforts or burning out. As a patient, you attend the sessions together with your family members. This approach is combined with other psychotherapy methods.\ne) Couples Therapy\nCouples Therapy is highly recommended if there is severe marital discord in your marriage. Poor partner relationships are one of the key factors in the development of postpartum depression. If not dealt with, the treatment will most likely not be successful. The distress of the depression is not only on you but also on your partner. Sometimes they may not understand why you behave the way you do. A therapist will not only help them understand what you are going through but will also show them how to help you recover faster.\nf) Group Therapy\nGroup Therapy provides a haven for you to talk about your emotions without judgment and\nto people who are undergoing the same predicament as you. For group therapy to be effective, your therapist will combine it with other approaches mentioned here. The group sessions may be led by a therapist and different times, by you or other peers. This gives you the self-confidence and willpower to open up and the eagerness to take control of your situation. The best thing about group therapy is that technology has made it extremely easy. You can connect with other members anywhere and anytime through video conferencing, teleconferencing or by social media.\ng) Parent-Infant Psychotherapy\nWith postpartum depression, your interaction with your baby will most probably be strained. A therapist will help you to develop or regenerate a healthy attachment with your little one. Even after your symptoms have disappeared, you will find that the sleeping and feeding patterns of the baby will strain you until they turn three years old. Therefore, you will still need to chart a way forward on how to meet the demands of the baby, without disconnecting your motherly love and warmth.\nh) Bright Light Therapy (Phototherapy)\nBright Light Therapy works by stimulating your brain to produce serotonin, the ‘feel good hormone.’ It is not a hormone per say, but a neurotransmitter that is responsible for elevating mood. One sits near a special bright light therapy box whose light mimics sunlight. The light then causes the brain to release this neurotransmitter resulting in positive changes in your mood.\n8 Tips on How to Get The Best Out of Your Therapy\nBefore starting the therapy sessions, make a list of the things that you need help with, and bring them up to your first appointment. This will set up the direction that your therapist will take with your management. You can include things issues that you are having like your sleeping and eating patterns, your anger, anxiety or troubling thoughts, and problems with your family or baby.\nDo not be afraid to ask your therapist why they are a good fit for your condition. You are entitled to getting a good fit.\nDo not feel embarrassed or ashamed of your emotions- talk about them all.\nTrack how you feel each day and review your progress together with your therapist\nDo not ignore any feelings or changes no matter how minimal\nWhen attending your sessions, forget about the time. Do not hurry it up, let your therapist decide whe
to wrap up.\nApply what you learn during your sessions. You will find that the therapist will be giving you assignments to track your change in moods and thoughts. Make sure that you do them.\nGet a journal, take it with you to your sessions, note down what you learn and use it to map your changes.\nExercise\nExercise may not be an independent treatment by itself, but incorporation it into your daily schedule will go a long way. It may be difficult to gather your little energy to move your body, but all the efforts will pay up. You do not need to lift weights, do some heavy squats or muscle reaping sit-ups. All you need to do is to start with something as simple as a leisure walk for only 30 minutes per day. You can then build up to brisk walking, jogging, pilates, yoga, aerobics and other intense workouts.\nConsistent exercise will help to relieve stress, ease depression, and improve sleep and eating patterns. If you choose outdoor physical activities, the change of scenery will not only help to calm your nerves but also to distract your mind from negative thoughts and emotions. Going out will also benefit to soothe the baby, especially when the child is crying uncontrollably.\nExercise will also help you get your pre-pregnant baby shape or even better. When one gets pregnant, working out is the last thing on the mind. Inactivity Coupled with the depressive symptoms, makes you gain unhealthy weight or lose it excessively. Take any chance to move your body, boost your self-esteem and feel great in your skin.\nOther than exercise, you need to perform additional self-care activities to deal with postpartum depression and establish other healthy body systems. Some of these activities include eating a healthy balanced diet, taking resting breaks from your parental responsibilities, sparing some time for relaxing and pleasurable activities such as watching TV, playing games or some spa time and getting adequate refreshing sleep.\nElectroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)\nElectroconvulsive Therapy is the best choice if you do not respond to antidepressants or the\nsymptoms are severe and are accompanied by hallucinations, delusions and overwhelming suicidal thoughts. It is the last resort after all other methods have failed. It is a procedure that is done under general anesthesia and involves passing electrical currents through the brain. The electrical impulses cause a brief intentional seizure to give relief from the symptoms. The ECT sessions are done two to three times per week until one is no longer suffering from the symptoms.\nIt is a fast way of relieving symptoms, but it comes with serious side effects like memory loss, confusion, and loss of emotional responses. However, if your doctor really thinks that you need the treatment, the effects should not be a hindrance as they subside with time.\n[Relevance: End Your Depression Book Review]\n10 Things to Expect When Undergoing Treatment of PPD\nThe drugs and therapy will not work immediately. You will start seeing a change at least after one week.\nExpect to see improvement from week to week and month to month\nSome days may be better than others\nSome symptoms may take longer to disappear\nYour emotions may flare up just before menstruation because of hormonal fluctuations\nIf taking drugs, you may get some side effects, but they should not be a barrier to your treatment. The benefits outweigh the side effects.\nYou will be expected to take an active role in your therapy sessions.\nThe medication will not be abruptly stopped but will be gradually weaned off\nYour drug doses may change, especially after the initial two weeks\nBe open to change as your mental health care providers may need to adjust your treatment approaches until they get what works for you.\nPostpartum Depression Guide\nFinally, the heart of motherhood is selflessness. You sacrifice to carry that little angel in your womb and nurture your pregnancy until they arrive in this world. As a result of this sacrifice, you may avoid seeking help for your emotional changes. Never let it be at the expense of your mental health because it will mean that your little one has to suffer too. Call your doctor immediately you realize that emotions are taking a toll on you. The treatment will be more\neffective and will take a shorter period if you start early.\nDo not be held back by worries about the safety of the medications as there are drugs that you can take and still breastfeed. Furthermore, postpartum depression treatment does not always involve medication. There are other psychotherapy approaches that are equally effective. Therefore, do not sit and sulk-your well-being and that of your baby matters.\nSHARE\nFacebook\nTwitter\ntweet\nPrevious articleBest Books for Baby’s First Year: 30 Books You Need\nNext article4 Things to Know About Dental Health during Pregnancy\nYimmy\nRELATED ARTICLESMORE FROM AUTHOR\nPost Baby Body: 2 Month Postpartum Guide for Postpartum Moms\nWhat You Need to Know About Postpartum Hair Loss\nHow to Deal with Postpartum Depression: Destroy Depression System\nPostpartum Depression: What a Postpartum Brain Scan Says About It\n2018 Postpartum Weight Loss: Exercise, Diet and Workout Plan\nAn Ultimate 2018 Guide on Losing Weight after Pregnancy\nLEAVE A REPLY Cancel reply\nPlease enter your comment!\nPlease enter your name here\nYou have entered an incorrect email address!\nPlease enter your email address here\nCurrent [email protected] *\nLeave this field empty\nLatest Posts\nHow to Cause a Abortion: 5 Ways to Have a Miscarriage (Naturally)\n6 Best VR Headsets for 2019 with Detailed Buying Guide\nWhite Vaginal Discharge: Types, Causes, Treatment, and More\n(Clear) Watery Discharge: 11 Causes & 8 Methods to Ease Excessive Discharge Discomfort\n5 Causes of Brown Discharge (Before, After or No Period) – Should You See a Doctor?\n4 Causes of Watery Period – What Should You Do?\nCervical Mucus After Ovulation: What Does It Look Like?\nPink Discharge (and Cramping) Causes, Complications, Solutions: Is Yours Normal?\nYou Might Also Like\nFamily & Lifestyle\nWhen Should I Start Wearing Maternity Clothes?\nYimmy - June 29, 2018\n0\nA lot of women will start wearing maternity clothes when their own clothes start to feel tight fitting and they don’t want their friends to think they are...\nHow To Tell You Are Having a Boy or Girl With...\nApril 2, 2017\nSmart Guidelines to Help Prevent Allergies in Kids\nApril 24, 2018\n4 Medication Options to Relieve Labor Pain\nJuly 26, 2016\nLate Term Miscarriage: Causes, Signs, Chances and Aftermath\nSeptember 11, 2016\nABOUT US\nOur mission at Check Pregnancy is to provide the most trustworthy information, practical tips and interesting stories for you, your baby as well as your family.\nContact us: [email protected]\nFOLLOW US\n© Newspaper WordPress Theme by TagDiv\nMORE STORIES\nHow to Cause a Abortion: 5 Ways to Have a Miscarriage...\nDecember 26, 2018\n6 Best VR Headsets for 2019 with Detailed Buying Guide\nDecember 26, 2018\nWhite Vaginal Discharge: Types, Causes, Treatment, and More\nDecember 25, 2018\n'); var formated_str = arr_splits[i].replace(/\\surl\\(\\'(?!data\\:)/gi, function regex_function(str) { return ' url(\\'' + dir_path + '/' + str.replace(/url\\(\\'/gi, '').replace(/^\\s+|\\s+$/gm,''); }); splited_css += \"\"; } var td_theme_css = jQuery('link#td-theme-css'); if (td_theme_css.length) { td_theme_css.after(splited_css); } } }); } })();\nEdit with Live CSS | 2019-04-18T20:51:38Z | "https://www.checkpregnancy.com/medical-natural-treatment-guide-postpartum-depression/" | www.checkpregnancy.com | 1 | 5 | 0 |
How to do inhalation | Woman Of Trend\nBeauty\nCareer\nChildren\nFamily\nFashion\nFitness\nFolk recipes\nFood\nHealth\nHousework\nLifestyle\nMiscellaneous\nPregnancy\nPsychology\nRelations\nSport\nTourism\nSearch for:\nPress enter to search\nSkip to content\nWoman Of Trend\nOct\n06\n2017\nin Uncategorized\nby Controller\nHow to do inhalation\nPosted on October 6, 2017 by Controller in Uncategorized\nContents:\nWhat are inhalations\nContraindications inhalation\nHow to do inhalation at home\nThan to do home inhalation. Medicinal substance\nPreventive inhalation\nWhat is inhalation – I think everyone knows. This is a common way to treat colds. During the home health procedure, regardless of how to do inhalation, water vapor or drug substance is inhaled. As a result, the therapeutic effect is directly on the mucosa of the respiratory tract. The body receives the maximum health-improving effect, as local treatment takes place. The medicine in this case is immediately absorbed into the blood, and does not enter through the stomach. In addition, the drug sprayed in this way has a much larger contact surface. Therefore, it acts much more efficiently. In addition, the action of wet steam promotes the removal of mucus and sputum from the respiratory tract, providing a purifying effect.\nloading...\nWhat are inhalations\nTreatment procedures are:\nwet, when the treatment solution is not heated constantly during the procedure and its temperature is about 30 ° C;\nthermo-moist when the temperature of the solution is maintained at 30-40C;\nsteam.\nTo breathe the steam over the pot with boiled potatoes is an example of steam inhalation. During the home treatment, various medications can be inhaled. In this case, you can use mineral and even sea water.\nHome treatment in this way is indicated in the common cold, tonsillitis, inflammation of the palatine tonsils, bronchi, pharyngeal mucosa – pharyngitis, for the removal of bouts of bronchial asthma.\nContraindications of inhalations\nloading...\nIf the body temperature has risen above 37.5C, home inhalation is contraindicated, like a bath or hot shower. They should not be done with a tendency to nosebleeds, in case of cardiac or respiratory failure, in case of pneumonia or swelling of the larynx. It is best if a doctor appoints a home treatment.\nFor children, steam procedures are contraindicated because of the danger of a burn of the upper respiratory tract. Children under one year are allowed to do only damp (up to 30C) procedures. The remaining children – teplovazhnye, up to 40C.\nIt is convenient to make home inhalations with a kettle. It poured water of the right temperature, a drug substance is added. On the tip of the kettle is put on a cardboard funnel, through which warm steam is inhaled. As the water cools, boiling water is added, but the temperature of the solution must be carefully controlled.\nChildren are advised not to be treated for more than 3 minutes twice a day.\nHow to do inhalation at home\nDo not perform home treatment immediately after eating. At the end it is not necessary to talk, smoke or eat for an hour. If you have allergies, you need to carefully select the drug.\nIn case of a cold, water vapor or drug is inhaled by the nose. To treat diseases of the throat, bronchi or pharynx – through the mouth.\nWhat is a nebulizer?\nWhat if the pan or the kettle does not suit for different reasons? Today special devices called nebulizers are manufactured. These are compressor or ultrasonic inhalers, they are sold in a pharmacy. These electrical appliances transform the treatment solution into a tiny slurry and are easy to use.\nWhen using a nebulizer, the lower respiratory tract is treated especially effectively, as the therapeutic substance easily penetrates into the smallest bronchi. Some models additionally negatively charge the particles, which makes the efficiency of the procedure even higher.\nIn the pharmacy, you can inquire about inhalers that can be used for home treatment of the youngest.Such models are supplied with a special mask, which makes it possible to breathe not only when sitting, but also when lying down.\nThan doing homemade inhalation. Medicinal substance\nThe simplest solution is drinking soda and water. In more complex medical solutions, medicines, herbs, essential oils are used. Ready-made mixes are produced for nebulizers.\nHome inhalation, if there was a cough\nIn this case everything is simple – a solution of baking soda is good. A glass of water is put on the table. drinking soda. If the tonsils are inflamed, you can breathe an aqueous solution of garlic juice. To do this, crush several cloves of garlic, squeeze the juice, then add it to hot water and inhale steam.\nInhalation in case of a cold\nTo get better from a cold, it is helpful to prepare a mixture of eucalyptus rosewood (a tablespoon), a quarter of a briquette of pine extract, 15 drops of menthol alcohol, a teaspoon of menthol oil or two tablets validol, a teaspoon of freshly prepared onion gruel or garlic. The mixture is poured with boiling water and covered with a towel, folded in several layers. Her couples need to breathe.\nPreventive inhalation\nIn case of viral epidemics and for the prevention of colds in the room, it is useful to keep vials of essential oil of eucalyptus and basil open. It is even better to mix both kinds of oils. It is also useful to breathe a mixture of essential oils of basil or coriander.\nShare\nloading...\nLeave a Reply Cancel reply\nYou must be logged in to post a comment.\nSearch for:\nRecent Posts\nUseful properties of lentils\nApplication of juniper berries\nClasses with dumbbells at home\nBenefits of rice for the body\nCan I drink water with water\nRecent Comments\nArchives\nOctober 2017\nCategories\nBeauty\nCareer\nChildren\nFamily\nFashion\nHealth\nHousework\nLifestyle\nPregnancy\nRelations\nSport\nTourism\nUncategorized\nMeta\nLog in\nEntries RSS\nComments RSS\nWordPress.org\nProudly powered by WordPress. Simona Theme, crafted with by Pasquale Bucci. | 2019-04-24T20:47:49Z | "http://womanoftrend.com/how-to-do-inhalation/" | womanoftrend.com | 0 | 4 | 0 |
Sanofi S.A.. (10/16/17). \"Press Release: Sanofi and Regeneron Announce Positive Phase 2 Study Results for Dupilumab in Patients With Active Moderate-to-Severe Eosinophilic Esophagitis\". 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V.\nEuropean Bioeconomy Alliance (EBA)\n» More Associations!\n» Submit your Association!\nAdvertise\n» Request Media Data\nAdvertisement\nDocument › Details\nSanofi S.A.. (10/16/17). \"Press Release: Sanofi and Regeneron Announce Positive Phase 2 Study Results for Dupilumab in Patients With Active Moderate-to-Severe Eosinophilic Esophagitis\". Paris & Tarrytown, NY.\nOrganisation Sanofi S.A. (Euronext: SAN, Nasdaq: SNY)\nGroup Sanofi (Group) [since May 2011]\nOrganisation 2 Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc. (Nasdaq: REGN)\nProduct dupilumab\nProduct 2 clinical research\n- Late-breaking oral abstract presented at the World Congress of Gastroenterology -\nSanofi and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. today announced positive results from a Phase 2 investigational study of dupilumab in adults with active moderate-to-severe eosinophilic esophagitis. The study showed that patients who received dupilumab weekly reported a significant improvement in the ability to swallow versus placebo. The results of this study were presented at the World Congress of Gastroenterology (WCOG) held in partnership with The American College of Gastroenterology Annual Scientific Meeting (ACG 2017) in Orlando, Florida.\nEosinophilic esophagitis is a chronic, allergic inflammatory disease that damages the esophagus and prevents it from working properly, leading to difficulties swallowing and food impaction.[i] Food allergies are the main cause of eosinophilic esophagitis in a large number of patients. Corresponding with the increase in incidence of allergic diseases in the overall population, eosinophilic esophagitis is rapidly increasing in incidence.\nThe primary endpoint of the study was the change from baseline to week 10 in the Straumann Dysphagia Instrument (SDI) score, a patient-reported measure of swallowing difficulty on a 0-9 point scale, with 9 indicating more severe symptoms. A total of 47 patients were randomized into two treatment groups in this 12-week treatment study and both groups had a mean baseline SDI score of 6.4. Patients received dupilumab 300 mg weekly following a 600 mg loading dose or placebo. At week 10, patients who received 300 mg weekly reported a significant improvement in the ability to swallow with a 3 point reduction in their SDI score (45 percent improvement) compared to 1.3 (19 percent improvement) for those patients who received placebo (p=0.0304).\nSecondary endpoints of the study included measures of the impact of dupilumab on endoscopic and histopathologic measures of disease severity, as well as symptoms. The results include:\n> The mean change in the Eosinophilic Esophagitis Endoscopic Reference Score (EoE-EREFS) was significantly reduced by 1.9 from baseline (48 percent improvement) in patients who received dupilumab weekly compared to 0.3 (7 percent improvement) for those who received placebo at 12 weeks (p=0.0006). EoE-EREFS is a visual measure of disease severity (inflammation and fibrosis in the esophagus) on a 0-8 point scale, with 8 indicating more severe disease. The mean baseline score for the dupilumab group was 3.9 and for the placebo group was 4.3.\n> The mean percent change in overall peak intraepithelial eosinophil count from baseline to 12 weeks was significantly reduced by 93 percent from baseline in patients who received dupilumab weekly compared to an increase of 14 percent in those who received placebo (p<0.0001).\n> The mean percent change in a composite measure of symptoms and quality of life, as measured by Eosinophilic Esophagitis Symptom Activity Index (EEsAI), was numerically improved (although not statistically significant) by 35 percent in patients who received dupilumab weekly compared to an 11 percent improvement for those who received placebo at 10 weeks (p=0.085).\n“Clinical manifestations of eosinophilic esophagitis in adults include difficulty swallowing and food impaction, which are consequences of pathological structural changes to the esophagus. Natural history studies have demonstrated an association between duration of untreated disease and the development of these esophageal changes,” said Ikuo Hirano, M.D., Professor of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine. “Currently, there are no FDA-approved therapies for eosinophilic esophagitis. In this study, dupilumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting IL-4 and IL-13, significantly improved patients’ ability to swallow, inflammation of the esophagus, and endoscopic signs of the disease. These positive Phase 2 results support further clinical development of dupilumab for patients with eosinophilic esophagitis.” ?\nThere were no new significant safety concerns in this trial. Higher rates of injection site reactions were observed on Dupilumab versus placebo.\nClinical and preclinical research indicates that the IL-4/IL-13 pathway may have an important role in allergic or Type 2 inflammation. Dupilumab, an antibody that inhibits IL-4/13 signaling, has been approved in the U.S. and EU for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis and has demonstrated clinical activity in two other investigational areas under study (asthma and nasal polyps).\nEosinophilic esophagitis is a chronic disease characterized by high levels of eosinophils in the esophagus. The results of investigational IL-5 blocking studies in eosinophilic esophagitis suggest that eosinophils may act as a biomarker of broader allergic or Type 2 inflammation in the esophagus, but that eosinophils may not be solely responsible for disease activity. In the study presented today, the observed symptomatic and anatomic improvements associated with dupilumab, together with this reduction of eosinophils, suggest that dupilumab may have the potential to reverse multiple aspects of Type 2 inflammation in eosinophilic esophagitis.\nCurrent treatment options for people with moderate-to-severe eosinophilic esophagitis are limited to diet modification, corticosteroids or surgery. The disease can affect patient’s health-related quality of life, including altered eating behaviors and pain when swallowing. People with active, moderate-to-severe eosinophilic esophagitis live with the risk of complete blockage or injury to their esophagus because of food impaction, and emergency care is often required for severe obstructions.\nDupilumab recently received Orphan Drug Designation from the FDA for the potential treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis. This status is given to investigational medicines being developed for the treatment of rare diseases or conditions that affect fewer than 200,000 people in the United States.\nThe potential use of dupilumab in eosinophilic esophagitis is currently under clinical development and the safety and efficacy have not been fully evaluated by any regulatory authority.\nAbout Dupilumab\nDupixent® (dupilumab) is the first and only biologic medicine FDA-approved for the treatment of adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD) whose disease is not adequately controlled with topical prescription therapies. Dupixent is also the first targeted biologic in the European Union to receive marketing authorization for use in adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis who are candidates for systemic therapy.\nDupilumab is a human monoclonal antibody that is designed to simultaneously inhibit overactive signaling of IL-4 and IL-13 cytokines, one of the root causes of Type 2 inflammation. Sanofi and Regeneron are studying dupilumab in a broad range of clinical development programs for diseases that are driven by Type 2 inflammation, including pediatric atopic dermatitis (Phase 3), uncontrolled persistent asthma (Phase 3), and nasal polyps (Phase 3). These potential uses are investigational and the safety and efficacy have not been evaluated by any regulatory authority. Dupilumab is being jointly developed by Regeneron and Sanofi under a global collaboration agreement.\nFor more information on dupilumab clinical trials please visit www.clinicaltrials.gov.\nIMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION\nDo not use if you are allergic to dupilumab or to any of the ingredients in DUPIXENT®.\nBefore using DUPIXENT, tell your healthcare provider about all your medical conditions, including if you:\nhave eye problems\nhave a parasitic (helminth) infection\nhave asthma\nare scheduled to receive any vaccinations. You should not receive a “live vaccine” if you are treated with DUPIXENT.\nare pregnant or plan to become pregnant. It is not known whether DUPIXENT will harm your unborn baby.\nare breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. It is not known whether DUPIXENT passes into your breast milk.\nTell your healthcare provider about all the medicines you take, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins and herbal supplements. If you have asthma and are taking asthma medicines, do not change or stop your asthma medicine without talking to your healthcare provider.\nDUPIXENT can cause serious side effects, including:\nAllergic reactions. Stop using DUPIXENT and go to the nearest hospital emergency room if you get any of the following symptoms: fever, general ill feeling, swollen lymph nodes, hives, itching, joint pain, or skin rash.\nEye problems. Tell your healthcare provider if you have any new or worsening eye problems, including eye pain or changes in vision.\nThe most common side effects include injection site reactions, eye and eyelid inflammation, including redness, swelling and itching, and cold sores in your mouth or on your lips.\nTell your healthcare provider if you have any side effect that bothers you or that does not go away. These are not all the possible side effects of DUPIXENT. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.\nUse DUPIXENT exactly as prescribed. If your healthcare provider decides that you or a caregiver can give DUPIXENT injections, you or your caregiver should receive training on the right way to prepare and inject DUPIXENT. Do not try to inject DUPIXENT until you have been shown the right way by your healthcare provider.\nPlease click here for the full Prescribing Information. The patient information is available here.\nINDICATION\nDUPIXENT is used to treat adult patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (eczema) that is not well controlled with prescription therapies used on the skin (topical), or who cannot use topical therapies. DUPIXENT can be used with or without topical corticosteroids. It is not known if DUPIXENT is safe and effective in children. DUPIXENT is administered by subcutaneous injection every two weeks after an initial loading dose.\n1. American Academy of Allergy Asthma &Immunology. Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EOE). http://www.aaaai.org/conditions-and-treatments/related-conditions/eosinophilic-esophagitis. Accessed Sept 2017.\n2. Furuta GT, Katzka DA. Eosinophilic esophagitis. N Engl J Med. 2015;373(17):1640-1648.\n3. Lucendo AJ, Molina-Infante J, Arias Á, et al. Guidelines on eosinophilic esopha
itis: evidence-based statements and recommendations for diagnosis and management in children and adults. United European Gastroenterol J. 2017;5(3):335-358.\nAbout Sanofi\nSanofi, a global healthcare leader, discovers, develops and distributes therapeutic solutions focused on patients' needs. Sanofi is organized into five global business units: Diabetes and Cardiovascular, General Medicines and Emerging Markets, Sanofi Genzyme, Sanofi Pasteur and Consumer Healthcare. Sanofi is listed in Paris (EURONEXT: SAN) and in New York (NYSE: SNY).\nSanofi Genzyme focuses on developing specialty treatments for debilitating diseases that are often difficult to diagnose and treat, providing hope to patients and their families.\nAbout Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.\nRegeneron (NASDAQ: REGN) is a leading biotechnology company that invents life-transforming medicines for people with serious diseases. Founded and led for nearly 30 years by physician-scientists, our unique ability to repeatedly and consistently translate science into medicine has led to six FDA-approved treatments and over a dozen product candidates in development, all of which were homegrown in our laboratories. Our medicines and pipeline are designed to help patients with eye disease, heart disease, allergic and inflammatory diseases, pain, cancer, and infectious and rare diseases.\nRegeneron is accelerating and improving the traditional drug development process through its unique VelociSuite® technologies, including VelociGene® and VelocImmune®, and ambitious initiatives such as The Regeneron Genetics Center, one of the largest genetics sequencing efforts in the world.\nFor additional information about the company, please visit www.regeneron.com or follow @Regeneron on Twitter.\nSanofi Forward-Looking Statements\nThis press release contains forward-looking statements as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, as amended. Forward-looking statements are statements that are not historical facts. These statements include projections and estimates regarding the marketing and other potential of the product, or regarding potential future revenues from the product. Forward-looking statements are generally identified by the words “expects”, “anticipates”, “believes”, “intends”, “estimates”, “plans” and similar expressions. Although Sanofi’s management believes that the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are reasonable, investors are cautioned that forward-looking information and statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties, many of which are difficult to predict and generally beyond the control of Sanofi, that could cause actual results and developments to differ materially from those expressed in, or implied or projected by, the forward-looking information and statements. These risks and uncertainties include among other things, unexpected regulatory actions or delays, or government regulation generally, that could affect the availability or commercial potential of the product, the absence of guarantee that the product will be commercially successful, the uncertainties inherent in research and development, including future clinical data and analysis of existing clinical data relating to the product, including post marketing, unexpected safety, quality or manufacturing issues, competition in general, risks associated with intellectual property and any related future litigation and the ultimate outcome of such litigation, and volatile economic conditions, as well as those risks discussed or identified in the public filings with the SEC and the AMF made by Sanofi, including those listed under “Risk Factors” and “Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” in Sanofi’s annual report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2016. Other than as required by applicable law, Sanofi does not undertake any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking information or statements.\nRegeneron Forward-Looking Statements and Use of Digital Media\nThis news release includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties relating to future events and the future performance of Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (\"Regeneron\" or the \"Company\"), and actual events or results may differ materially from these forward-looking statements. Words such as \"anticipate,\" \"expect,\" \"intend,\" \"plan,\" \"believe,\" \"seek,\" \"estimate,\" variations of such words, and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain these identifying words. These statements concern, and these risks and uncertainties include, among others, the nature, timing, and possible success and therapeutic applications of Regeneron's products, product candidates, and research and clinical programs now underway or planned, including without limitation Dupixent® (dupilumab) Injection; the likelihood, timing, and scope of possible regulatory approval and commercial launch of Regeneron's late-stage product candidates and new indications for marketed products, such as Dupixent for the treatment of active moderate-to-severe eosinophilic esophagitis other potential indications; the extent to which the results from the research and development programs conducted by Regeneron or its collaborators may be replicated in later studies and lead to therapeutic applications; unforeseen safety issues and possible liability resulting from the administration of products and product candidates in patients, including without limitation Dupixent; serious complications or side effects in connection with the use of Regeneron's products and product candidates (such as Dupixent) in clinical trials; coverage and reimbursement determinations by third-party payers, including Medicare, Medicaid, and pharmacy benefit management companies; ongoing regulatory obligations and oversight impacting Regeneron's marketed products, research and clinical programs, and business, including those relating to the enrollment, completion, and meeting of the relevant endpoints of post-approval studies; determinations by regulatory and administrative governmental authorities which may delay or restrict Regeneron's ability to continue to develop or commercialize Regeneron's products and product candidates, such as Dupixent; competing drugs and product candidates that may be superior to Regeneron's products and product candidates; uncertainty of market acceptance and commercial success of Regeneron's products and product candidates and the impact of studies (whether conducted by Regeneron or others and whether mandated or voluntary) on the commercial success of Regeneron's products and product candidates; the ability of Regeneron to manufacture and manage supply chains for multiple products and product candidates; unanticipated expenses; the costs of developing, producing, and selling products; the ability of Regeneron to meet any of its sales or other financial projections or guidance and changes to the assumptions underlying those projections or guidance; the potential for any license or collaboration agreement, including Regeneron's agreements with Sanofi, Bayer, and Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. (or their respective affiliated companies, as applicable), to be cancelled or terminated without any further product success; and risks associated with intellectual property of other parties and pending or future litigation relating thereto, including without limitation the patent litigation relating to Praluent® (alirocumab) Injection, the ultimate outcome of such litigation, and the impact any of the foregoing may have on Regeneron’s business, prospects, operating results, and financial condition. A more complete description of these and other material risks can be found in Regeneron's filings with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission, including its Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 and its Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2017. Any forward-looking statements are made based on management's current beliefs and judgment, and the reader is cautioned not to rely on any forward-looking statements made by Regeneron. Regeneron does not undertake any obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statement, including without limitation any financial projection or guidance, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.\nRegeneron uses its media and investor relations website and social media outlets to publish important information about the Company, including information that may be deemed material to investors. Financial and other information about Regeneron is routinely posted and is accessible on Regeneron’s media and investor relations website (http://newsroom.regeneron.com) and its Twitter feed (http://twitter.com/regeneron).\nRecord changed: 2017-10-30\nAdvertisement\nMore documents for Sanofi (Group) [since May 2011]\n[1] Oxford BioMedica plc. (3/14/19). \"Press Release: Oxford Biomedica plc Preliminary Results for the Year Ended 31 December 2018\". Oxford....\n[2] New York Times [The Editorial Board]. (2/24/19). \"News: It’s Time for Pharmaceutical Companies to Have Their Tobacco Moment\"....\n[3] Sanofi S.A.. (2/12/19). \"Press Release: Sanofi Appoints Ameet Nathwani Chief Digital Officer\". Paris....\n[4] Sanofi S.A.. (2/7/19). \"Press Release: Sanofi Delivers 2018 Business EPS Growth of 5.1% at CER\". Paris....\n[5] Oxford BioMedica plc. (2/7/19). \"Press Release: Oxford Biomedica Provides Update on Programmes Outlicensed to Sanofi\". Oxford....\n[6] Sanofi S.A.. (2/6/19). \"Press Release: Sanofi’s Board of Directors Notes the Resignation of Christian Mulliez and Co-opts Christophe Babule as Director\". Paris....\n[7] Sanofi S.A.. (2/6/19). \"Press Release: FDA Approves Cablivi (caplacizumab-yhdp), the First Nanobody-based Medicine, for Adults with Acquired Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (aTTP)\". Paris....\n[8] Sanofi S.A.. (2/5/19). \"Press Release: Isatuximab Phase 3 Trial Meets Primary Endpoint of Prolonging Progression Free Survival in Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma\". Paris....\n[9] Sanofi S.A.. (2/4/19). \"Press Release: CHMP Recommends Approval of Praluent (alirocumab) to Reduce Cardiovascular Risk in People with Established Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease\". Paris & Tarrytown, NY....\n[10] Sanofi S.A.. (1/30/19). \"Press Release: Fexinidazole, the First All-oral Treatment for Sleeping Sickness, Approved in Democratic Republic of Congo\". Paris & Geneva....\nTo subscribe to our free, monthly newsletter for the European life sciences, please send an e-mail to [email protected] and simply fill the subject line with the word »LSE Newsletter«\nTo get even more information, please take a look at our [gs] professional services offering and read the gene-sensor Product Flyer [PDF file]\nAdvertisement\n» top\nAdvertisements\n» Imprint | » Contact | The use of this website requires to accept the disclaimer! | A project of [iito] Business Intelligence © 2002-2019. Made in Germany. | 2019-04-20T00:58:58Z | "https://www.life-sciences-europe.com/news/sanofi-ph2-dupilumab-results-euronext-san-nasdaq-sny-2001-111634.html" | www.life-sciences-europe.com | 8 | 9 | 1 |
The Argan Tree and Its Oil – The Lushery\n{{{ data.variation.price_html }}}\n{{{ data.variation.availability_html }}}\n0\nHome\nPure Argan Oil\nThe Argan Tree and Its Oil\nBlog\nShop\nAbout\nContact\nThe Argan Tree and Its Oil\nThe Argan Tree and Its Oil\nTales Of Goats And The Argan Tree….\nWhat Do The Moroccan Argan Tree And Moroccan Mountain Goat Have In Common?\nThese days not a lot but it is said that once upon a time it was common for Tamri goats, also known as the Moroccan mountain goat, to feast upon the fruits of the Moroccan argan oil tree. Such was their love for this delicacy that they thought nothing of climbing right up into the argan trees to pick the fruit themselves. The goats’ digestive system absorbed the soft fleshy exterior of the fruit but the hard seeds passed through unscathed. Argan tree oil producers would then pick up the now denuded argan seeds to use for making their argan oil. Unfortunately for tourists, but probably fortunately for the argan oil industry, Moroccan law now prevents goat herders allowing their charges anywhere near argan trees that are being used for argan oil production.\nArgania Spinosa, or argan tree for those of us who prefer to stick to less complicated nomenclature, are a species of tree native to southwestern Morocco and they’ve been around since the Tertiary era. More specifically, they’re native to the Souss Valley and have been known to live for 200 odd years with very little cultivation or care. They’re a hardy, thorny, drought tolerant tree, rather similar to an olive tree in appearance only bigger, around 35 feet or 12 metres on average. Although well adapted to the harsh environment of their native habitat and once prolific over much of North Africa, the argan tree is now surprisingly rare and is classed as an endangered species thanks in no small part to the efforts of humans who have been using it for a variety of things for a very long time, not all of which have been related to relatively harmless oil production. The species is now protected by UNESCO.\nIronically, the argan tree is not only valuable for the oil it produces but also holds the key to preventing the continued northern encroachment of the Sahara desert, a process known as desertification. It has a deep root system and thrives in semi-arid soils, making it invaluable as a buffer against soil erosion. The Arganeraie Biosphere Reserve, a 2,560,000 hectare reserve in the Atlas Mountain region of Morocco, now provides sanctuary to one of the last remaining natural forests of argan trees left on earth. The trees are protected from over exploitation by humans (and goats!!) whilst still being used for non-threatening commercial purposes like argan oil production. They are also preventing the Sahara Desert from extending any further north. Argan trees are also found in Algeria and Israel but even so argan oil remains one of the rarest oils on earth.\nArgan Oil – What Is It?\nWhat Does Argan Oil Come From And How Is Argan Oil Produced?\nArgan oil comes from the seed kernels of the argan tree and it isn’t called ‘liquid gold’ for nothing. It is also commonly referred to as Moroccan Argan Oil in reference to its origins. Argan oil is still very rare largely due to the limited number of mature argan trees still alive but that’s not the only reason for its rarity. Argan trees don’t begin producing fruit until they’re 30 to 50 years old and then each crop of fruit takes over a year to mature. When fully ripe, which is usually around July each year, the round, yellow-green fruit drops off the tree and is collected by hand. The fruit is then sun dried until the fleshy outer rind shrivels up and can be peeled off, leaving the inner seedpod intact. The dried rind is used as stock feed and the kernels in the seedpods are crushed to produce argan oil. Whilst open air drying is by far the most common method of removing the flesh, some producers have managed to mechanise this part and can remove the flesh without the need to dry it first.\nThe third reason argan oil is rare is because, although attempts have been made to mechanise parts of the argan oil making process, they haven’t been overwhelmingly successful to date and so argan oil production remains a hugely labour intensive process. Once the dried fruity layer has been removed, the oil-rich kernels inside the hard seedpod, or nut, have to be extracted and this process is still done by hand because no one has yet been able to come up with a more successful mechanised way to do it. The nuts are cracked open by placing them between 2 stones and the kernels carefully extracted, also by hand. It’s been done like this for centuries by local Berber women, who have the process down to a fine art but even so, it’s hugely labour intensive.\nOnce the kernels have been extracted, they are either roasted lightly before being ground to produce culinary grade arganoil for eating or ground raw for cosmetic grade argan oil. For modern cosmetic production this difference is important because roasting darkens the kernels and produces a nutty flavour and smell in the resulting oil. Whilst desirable for cooking and edible argan oil it’s not so desirable in argan oil based cosmetics and beauty products. The two products are not interchangeable anymore either; you can’t use culinary argan oil on your skin and hair or drizzle cosmetic argan oil over your salad!! Traditionally however the kernels were always lightly roasted and the oil used for both cosmetic and culinary purposes.\nOnce the kernels have been roasted, or not roasted if they’re for cosmetic argan oil, they need to be ground so that the oil can be extracted. This part of the production line is becoming increasingly mechanised because it produces a purer oil product in a fraction of the time. The oil also keeps for a lot longer (12 – 18 months is standard) and mechanisation extracts more oil from the kernels. Oil yields range from 30% to 55% depending on the type of extraction process used.\nThe traditional method of extracting oil involves using a rock grinder, called a R’ha, to grind the kernels into a thick oily liquid. This liquid is mixed with warm water and hand kneaded for some considerable time to bring the oil to surface so that it can be decanted off. The oil is then allowed to sit for several weeks so that any sediment in it drops to the bottom, allowing for further refining. The ‘dough’ or Zegmouna, that remains after the oil has been extracted is very high in protein and has traditionally been used as cattle feed or in cosmetic recipes.\nMechanical extraction, or cold pressing, grinds the argan nut kernels into a powder and then directly presses the resulting dough to extract the oil without adding warm water, hence the term ‘cold press’ or ‘cold pressed argan oil’. Oil yields, particularly from raw kernels for the cosmetic industry, is higher than the traditional method and is claimed to be purer as well. The entire process also takes a fraction of the time and a litre of oil can be produced in a couple of hours instead of a couple of days!! The protein-rich by-product is again used predominantly as cattle feed.\nChemical extraction is also used although this is somewhat contentious amongst ‘purists’ and certainly comes across as a bit of contradiction in terms – ‘chemically extracted pure, natural argan oil’ doesn’t really sound quite right somehow!! The process involves mixing the ground argan kernels with chemical solvents to extract the oil but just how much of the chemicals remain in the resulting product is debatable. Nevertheless, this method does produce the highest oil yields of the 3 methods.\nWith sediments or without sediments – which is best…. There are several differing opinions on this. Some claim that sediments are a natural part of the best pure argan oil and an indicator of just how natural and undiluted the product is whilst others state that sediments shorten the life of the oil and give it an odour which detracts from its value as a cosmetic product.\nWhatever your view, the oil does need to be refined at least to a degree and there are several ways this is done. Each has its detractors and champions (of course!). The most natural method is either by filters or centrifuges. Filters strain the oil through 1 micron sized holes; any particulates in the oil larger than 1 micron are trapped and removed. A centrifuge machine separates the oil from any solids that are suspended in it by rotating the oil at high speed. Both these methods are chemical free and produce some of the best pure argan oil available.\nDid You Know – Interesting Sidenotes About Argan Oil !!!\nA single argan tree produces 30 kilograms of fruit, which translates into 1 litre of argan oil, just another reason for its rarity. There are 1.8 billions litres of olive oil produced around the world annually compared to just 4 million litres of argan oil. One litre of argan oil takes 15 to 20 hours to produce using the cold press method. It takes 3 days to produce 1 litre via the completely traditional method\nFor good measure, and as an indication of just why argan oil is touted as the latest marvel in culinary and cosmetic health, here’s a breakdown of the fatty acid components in argan oil:\nFatty acid Percentage\nOleic (Omega 9) 42.8%\nLinoleic (Omega 6) 36.8%\nPalmitic 12.0%\nStearic 6.0%\nLinolenic (Omega 3) <0.5%\nMoroccan Argan Oil And The Berber Women Of Morocco\nArgan Oil Production – Helping Berber Woman, Their Communities And The Environment.\nThere is no doubt that since the rest of the world sat up and started taking notice of the humble, unassuming Moroccan argan tree and its amazing oil, life has become a whole lot better for many Berber women and their families. Not necessarily in terms of labour because traditional argan oil production is highly labour intensive and not all of it has been, or can be, mechanised so Berber women are still as hard working as ever. The difference is that now they receive fair compensation for their labours and the conditions under which they work have also vastly improved. Fair-trade co-operatives have been set up to provide reliable steady employment for Berber women and the benefits have had a flow on effect throughout their communities. It’s given women self-respect, improved their social status, enabled them to provide for their families in ways that were previously reserved for the men folk and opened up a range of alternatives for them.\nCollecting and drying the argan fruit still involves entire families but when it comes to hand cracking the shells it is the women who have it down to a fine art perfected by centuries of practise. Today the argan oil production industry supports over 2 million people in the main argan oil-producing region of Morocco, many of them women.\nAnd it isn’t all bad for the humble argan tree either these days. Once a predominant feature of the North African landscape, constant exploitation by humans for its oil and timber has brought it almost to the point of extinction. With the booming interest in argan oil globally it is now a valuable resource with an assured future. New areas are being planted for sustainable argan oil production and this has had an inevitable flow on effect on the environment. Its root system helps with soil stability and reduces erosion, the canopy provides shade for livestock and improves pasture grasses and the leaves and fruit are a valuable source of food for birds and animals.\nWhy Use Argan Oil?\nThe Real Nitty Gritty About The Health Benefits Of Argan Oil ….\nWhat is Moroccan Argan Oil Used For?\nGood question and the answer is that there are many uses of argan oil. It’s been touted as the oil of a thousand uses and for good reason. From the kitchen to the bathroom cabinet, its health benefits are only just starting to be revealed to the western world. It also isn’t out of place in the medicine chest either.\nIn just 4 years the number of products on the US market containing argan oil jumped from 2 in 2007 to over 100 in 2011. Argan oil products range from pure, organic argan oil products to those containing an argan oil component to enhance other ingredients in the product. There are argan oil creams and moisturizers, argan oil lip balms, argan oil serums, argan oil facial and restorative masks, argan oil lotions, argan oil shampoos and conditioners, argan oil soaps and argan oil sprays. And the uses for argan oil products are touted to be many and varied – for nails, treating skin conditions like acne, eczema and psoriasis, reducing wrinkles, scars and stretch marks and in makeup.\nWhat Is In Argan Oil?\nArgan oil contains tocopherols (vitamin E), natural phenols, carotenes, squalene and fatty acids, 80% of which are unsaturated.\nSo Why Use Argan Oil?\nWhy indeed. Apart from being the latest ‘fad’ in health and beauty, argan oil is also extremely beneficial when taken internally and applied externally. The health benefits of using argan oil are numerous and have been widely touted in the media so it shouldn’t come as any great surprise to learn that it is very high in vitamins and minerals, anti-oxidants and essential fatty acids.\nArgan Oil Is High In Vitamin E.\nMore specifically it’s high in Vitamin E, which is a blanket term for eight different naturally occurring fat-soluble antioxidants – 4 tocopherols and 4 tocotrienols. All of these are found in our daily diet to varying degrees. Alpha-tocopherol has been the most widely studied to date because of its known antioxidant effects and is the one most commonly used in dietary supplements but research into its little known relative gamma-tocopherol is uncovering some surprising facts.\nGamma-tocopherol, a potent but nowhere near as common supplemental form of Vitamin E has, as it turns out, some pretty unique properties. Like the rest of the Vitamin E family, it has powerful antioxidant activities but studies have found that in combination with DHA, an omega-3 fat, it also has rather powerful anti-inflammatory effects because it neutralizes toxic reactive nitrogen oxides like nitrogen dioxide and peroxynitrite which accumulate during some inflammation processes and are responsible for initiating several degenerative inflammatory diseases.\nThat’s not all they’ve discovered about gamma-tocopherol!\nInsulin resistance is becoming a big problem in today’s society largely thanks, scientists believe, to increasing levels of obesity and decreasing levels of physical activity. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that assists liver, muscle and fat cells to remove glucose (natural form of sugar) from the blood and stimulates them to store excess glucose as glycogen. Glycogen is then used by the body as a source of energy, particularly during exercise. When someone becomes insulin resistant it means the cells that absorb glucose are no longer as responsive to normal levels of insulin as they should be and are not able to absorb glucose as efficiently so the pancreas has to start producing more insulin. So long as the pancreas can produce enough insulin to keep the cells absorbing glucose properly, blood glucose levels will remain normal. Once the pancreas can no longer keep up with the increasing demand for insulin, blood glucose levels rise leading to Type 2 diabetes and prediabetes. The good news is that insulin resistance can be reversed before it reaches the stage of becoming full-blown diabetes; the bad news is that many insulin resistance sufferers are not aware they have it until they have full-blown diabetes.\nHowever, help may be at hand because research by Australian scientists indicates that insulin resistant muscle cells have greater glucose uptake and improved insulin signaling after exposure to gamma-tocopherol. In other words, gamma-tocopherol appears to help restore the glucose absorbing capabilities of muscle cells, which in turn reduces blood glucose levels. This has massive implications for helping people manage blood sugar and insulin levels.\nAnd what has this to do with argan oil? Well, 75% of the Vitamin E component in argan oil is gamma-tocopherol. A study done in 2005 by Hilali et al discovered that the levels of tocopherols in argan oil is four times higher than in olive oil and t
ice as high as in hazelnut oil, making it an ideal source of dietary gamma-tocopherol.\nMost commercial Vitamin E supplements are predominantly made up of alpha-tocopherol but it’s been found that taking excess amounts of alpha-tocopherol lowers blood plasma levels of gamma-tocopherol with accompanying health implications. Aging for instance is associated with a decline in gamma-tocopherol levels in plasma. So, if you’re taking a commercial Vitamin E supplement you really should consider balancing it out with something that is high in gamma-tocopherol, like argan oil.\nBottom line – the anti-inflammatory, anticancer, cardio protective and anti aging properties of gamma-tocopherol definitely warrants its consideration as an important component of an overall nutritional plan, especially if you want to stick around for a long time. Add a bottle of edible argan oil to your pantry and use it as a salad dressing or as a way of adding flavour to some of your cooking.\nPhenols And Polyphenols In Argan Oil – Important Role Players In Our Health\nNatural phenols and polyphenols are another component of argan oil. Natural phenols are a group of organic compounds found naturally in a lot of the foods we eat like fruits, vegetables and nuts and are believed to play an important role in cancer prevention. A polyphenol is simply a string of different phenol molecules joined together.\nThe primary phenols and polyphenols identified to date in both edible and cosmetic argan oil include caffeic acid, oleuropein, vanillic acid, tyrosol, catechol and resorcinol with (-)-epicatechin and (+)-catechin also being found in cosmetic argan oil. Syringic acid, 4-hydroxy benzyl alcohol and p-hydroxybenzoic acid are also present in small amounts. Incidentally, the press cake (residue left over after removing the oil), leaves and fruit pulp of the argan tree have been found to have an equally as impressive array of phenols and polyphenols.\nYou’ve probably heard of the many benefits of caffeic acid in coffee and green tea but it’s also one of the primary phenols founds in argan oil. Caffeic acid is found naturally in a great many other plants as well; it’s an organic compound that is known to be a powerful antioxidant. Antioxidants reduce the harmful effects of oxidation in the body by removing the free radicals that are produced by the oxidizing process. Many antioxidants are also carcinogenic inhibitors and they play an important role in reducing coronary disease.\nOleuropein, one of the main phenols in argan oil, has been used for centuries as a natural healing agent due to its natural antibiotic, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and anti-viral agent as well as helping to boost the body’s immune system. It’s also a powerful antioxidant. The traditional source of oleuropein until now has been olive trees, most notably extracts made from the olive tree leaf but olive oil also contains many of the same beneficial agents. Oleuropein is not only useful for helping skin problems like acne, eczema and psoriasis but has also been indicated as a natural source of healing and preventative medication for a range of ailments including:\nFights colds and flus\nYeast Infections\nHeart Disease\nLowering Bad Cholesterol or Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL)\nLowers Blood Pressure\nIncreases Blood Flow\nTreats Epstein-Barr Disease\nTreats Shingles\nPrevents / treats Cold Sores and Herpes\nHelps Lower Cholesterol\nCombats Viruses\nPossesses Anti-Fungal Properties\nPossesses Anti-Bacterial Properties\nMaintains A Strong and Balanced Immune System\nTyrosol is another antioxidant found in many fruits, vegetables and grains but most notably in olive oil, wine, green tea and of course argan oil. Populations who have traditionally consumed large amounts of tyrosol rich foods are proven to have the least incidences of cancer, strokes and heart disease. It has even been attributed to helping prevent Alzheimer’s and repair blemished skin caused by scarring and stretch marks.\nResorcinol,a chemical compounddiscovered in argan oil during a 2005 study, has disinfecting and antiseptic properties and is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry to produce a range of disinfectants and antiseptics. It is a component in many ointments and creams used to treat skin diseases and disorders like eczema, dermatitis, psoriasis and acne. Some anti-dandruff preparations contain resorcinol as well. Wart, corn and calluse removing creams may also contain resorcinol as it helps to remove tough, scaly skin.\nCatechol is a natural compound found in small amounts in some plants and vegetables; it was discovered in argan oil during the same study in 2005 that located Resourcinol. Catechol is associated with an enzyme that causes it to oxidize (turn reddish brown) when it comes into contact with oxygen. The most common examples are the browning reaction you see on some fruits and vegetables like apples and potatoes when they’re cut open and left exposed to oxygen.\nEpicatechin is yet another naturally occurring antioxidant found in a range of plants, most notably cocoa which is made from the beans of the cacao plant. Studies done on Kuna Indians living on a chain of islands in Panama who drink a lot of cocoa found that they have significantly lower incidences of heart failure, strokes, cancer and diabetes compared to their tribal relatives living on the mainland who don’t drink the cocoa based drinks. This has been attributed to the epicatechin found in the cocoa which is likely responsible for improving the heart health of the Panama Kuma Indians and as they also had fewer cases of diabetes, indicates that it probably also acts as an insulin mimicking agent to assist with the absorption of glucose by various tissue cells.\nCatechin is also a natural antioxidant and like Epicatechin, is found in cocoa. It’s also found in acai palm oil as well as argan oil and in stone fruits, berries, vinegar, red wine, rhubarb and unfermented green tea which has the highest concentrations currently known. It’s potential primary value as a food source lies with its proven ability in mice to reduce the effects of brain damage caused by strokes when administered within a certain time of the stroke.\nArgan Oil – Yet More Antioxidants….\nCarotenes, including beta-carotene, alpha-carotene and lycopene are a group of powerful antioxidants that may help to prevent diseases like heart disease and cancer. Alpha-carotene has also been linked to longevity of life.\nAnd An Immune Stimulator\nSqualene, or Omega 2 oil, traditionally extracted from shark liver oil but also found in some plant oils like olive and palm oil and now argan oil, is a powerful anti-oxidant and immune stimulator. Small amounts also occur naturally in most species of plant and animal life, including humans. Testing indicates that it may be a natural cancer inhibitor and could explain why sharks have been found to have exceptionally high resistance to cancer, even after exposure to high levels of radiation. The high levels of squalene found in olive oil is also believed to be the reason for the low incidences of cancers like breast cancer amongst populations who traditionally consume a lot of olive oil.\nFatty Acids – Argan Oil Is Over 80% Unsaturated Fats\nFatty acids, the other component of argan oil, are a very important part of a healthy diet. Fatty acids keep the largest organ in the body, our skin, healthy. They help slow down the aging process and prevent our arteries from getting clogged up with cholesterol, they assist with the movement of oxygen through the bloodstream and are important in the development of cell membranes, strong healthy tissues and body organs. They also aid thyroid and adrenal gland function, regulate our blood pressure, ensure our blood clots properly and help to control inflammation. In other words, they’re something we can’t really do without! The most common fatty acids are Omega 3 and Omega 6.\nThe Many and Varied Uses for Moroccan Argan Oil\nArgan oil use can broadly be categorized into 4 main areas:\nDietary – uses edible argan oil.\nSkin – uses cosmetic grade argan oil either as pure argan oil or as a component in skin care products\nHair – also uses cosmetic grade argan oil either as pure argan oil or as a component in shampoos, conditioners and other hair care products\nMedicinal – cosmetic grade argan oil often with other complimentary pharmaceutical agents present\nEdible Argan Oil – Great Tasting And So Good For You Too!!\nSo right about now, argan oil with its high concentration of all those things that are so good for you, must be starting to sound pretty good. Anything that is ‘highly likely’ to be helpful in preventing cardiovascular diseases, obesity and certain types of cancer has to be seriously worth taking a look at if you’re wondering ‘why use argan oil’. So the fact that it’s actually very good for you is one good reason right off the bat if you’re wondering what to use argan oil for.\nIt must be said however that a lot more research is needed to verify many of the claims being touted about the health benefits of consuming argan oil as much of the research to date has been sponsored by cosmetic and pharmaceutical companies with a view to using argan oil for topical ie external applications.\nMoroccans have been using argan cooking oil in the kitchen and argan cosmetic oil as a beauty product for aeons and when you look at what’s in it you can see why…. argan oil is packed full of vitamins (E in particular) and minerals, anti-oxidants and essential fatty acids – 80% unsaturated fats in fact and that’s a very good thing for an oil to be. It also doesn’t have any toxins or harmful parabens.\nHow do you use argan oil on the menu? In Moroccan kitchens it’s traditionally been used for dipping bread, as a salad dressing, on dishes like couscous and so on. Because the kernels used in culinary grade argan oil are roasted prior to being crushed the oil has a pleasant nutty taste, which may or may not take a bit of getting used to. Using argan oil for cooking is also a great way to add some unique flavours and plenty of goodness to a range of dishes – Sweet Potato & Caraway Soup with Argan Oil (yum). Argan oil is not suitable for frying food however because it has a low smoking point so is best used to add flavour to dishes and as a dressing.\nA very popular argan oil recipe is a dish called Amlou, which looks something like peanut paste and is made from a mixture of ground roast almonds, argan oil and honey. Variations on this recipe use other types of nuts and sugar instead of honey. It’s used as a dip for bread.\nAlthough argan food oil is a deliciously healthy alternative to traditional oils, it’s in the cosmetic and skin care industry where its use has really taken off. Moroccan women have known about the beauty secrets of argan oil for centuries but it’s taken the rest of world a lot longer to cotton on to the oil’s value. In 2007 there were just 2 products with argan oil in them on the US market. By 2011 that number had jumped to over 100!! Fortunately it seems we’re quick learners….\nArgan Oil For The Skin And Face:\nArgan Oil – Moisturizer And All-Round Wonder Serum Without Peer!\nIt isn’t a co-incidence that argan oil has plenty of benefits for the skin. Argan oil is a rich source of natural antioxidants, essential fatty acids like Omega 9 and Omega 6, tocopherols (Vitamin E), natural phenols and Omega 2 (squalene). The Berbers have been using it for centuries for keeping their skin and hair supple and soft even in dry, debilitating heat and also for medicinal purposes to help soothe irritated skin and protect and heal skin infections.\nOne of the greatest values of argan oil is that it can be used 100% pure or it can be added to other beauty products to enhance them. The ‘purists’ will tell you that it should be pure organic argan oil for best results and they’re probably right but you’d need to make sure you’re buying certified pure organic argan oil in that case. Argan oil is also a dry oil which means it’s absorbed readily by skin and hair and doesn’t leave an oily residue.\nUsing 100% argan oil – pure argan oil is quite dense so a little bit goes a long way and it’s always better to start off with too little and add more.\nWhat Are The Benefits Of Argan Oil For Skin:\nA lot more testing is required to discover the full range of skin care uses for argan oil but to date it has been implicated in a wide range of beneficial activities including:\nMoisturize and nourish skin\nHelps control sebum production. Sebum is produced by the sebaceous glands in the skin to help protect hair and skin from drying out and for waterproofing the skin. It’s quite oily and when produced in excess can lead to skin disorders like acne and keratosis (tiny, hard bumps on the skin).\nAnti-aging (both internal and external use). Decreased levels of gamma-tocopherol in blood plasma, generally brought on by excessive supplementation of alpha-tocopherol, are directly linked to increased aging. Gamma-tocopherol and alpha-tocopherol are two of the 8 compounds referred to as Vitamin E. Argan oil has been proven to be one of the highest sources of natural gamma-tocopherol currently known. The fatty acids in argan oil also help to improve elasticity and cell strength in the skin.\nThe combination of antioxidants, Vitamin E and essential fatty acids in argan oil, especially when used pure, can help prevent damage and aging from the elements like UV and pollution.\nHelps preserve collagen and promote new collagen growth.\nHigh absorption rate – absorbed quickly into the skin without leaving an oily residue.\nHow To Use Pure Argan Oil On Skin\nFor best results when using argan oil on your skin, warm the oil before using it and apply it to clean, damp skin rather than dry skin. You only need a few drops because it spreads easily and is readily absorbed. Use a circular motion to massage the oil in and pay particular attention to areas where wrinkles and fine lines are.\nArgan oil face moisturizer – to use pure argan oil as a face moisturizer, massage a few drops daily into your skin until evenly absorbed. The natural sterolins in the oil help your skin to retain more moisture. It will work wonders for your complexion, rehydrating, softening and smoothing your skin. Application first thing in the morning is best for this.\nA note of caution – make sure you don’t get any oil in your eyes. If you do, don’t rub your eyes. Flush them immediately with clean water and if irritation persists, consult your doctor. Another great face moisturizer is equal parts argan and almond oil with a tiny bit of rose oil – you only need a few drops of each type of oil.\nArgan oil body moisturizer – to use as an all-over body moisturizer application just after a shower produces the best results. As for the face, rub it evenly into your skin. A little goes a long way so you won’t need a lot. Alternatively, add a few drops to your body lotion to enhance its effects. You can also add a few drops of argan oil to bath water and it’s safe to use with babies as well.\nArgan oil lip balm – apply a few drops of pure argan oil straight onto your lips for a great moisturizer or mix with other known natural ingredients such as aloe vera, honey, mango butter or oil or coconut butter or oil.\nArgan oil exfoliating and moisturizing face scrub – a few drops of argan oil mixed with sea salt or sugar makes an excellent exfoliating scrub. You only need a couple of tablespoons of sea salt (or sugar for sensitive skin – either white or brown is fine) with 4 or 5 drops of pure argan oil. For lips, use a few drops of pure argan oil mixed with soft brown sugar and a drop or two of vanilla extract.\nArgan oil hydrating toner – a few drops of argan oil added to Rose or Orange Blossom water makes a great home-made hydrating toner. Just rub evenly into your skin. You can also add a couple of drops of argan oil to your commercial toner.\nArgan oil serum – massage a few drops of pure argan oil into your skin before bed and then apply your usual night cream over the top. This is a great way to help counter the effects of aging on your skin too.\nArgan oil face mask – rejuvenate and brighten your face by adding a few drops of argan oil to a commercial face mask or make your own with lemon juice (1 tablespoon), yoghurt (Greek-style i
best – around 3 teaspoons should be enough), honey (a tablespoon) and a few drops of argan oil. Apply, leave on for 10 minutes then rinse off with warm water.\nArgan oil for anti-aging – keeping skin moisturized, supple and hydrated is one of the key components to reducing the appearance of aging.\nArgan oil soap – there are a range of natural and organic soaps on the market with argan oil added in varying amounts. You will need to read the packaging to see how much there is in any particular product. The soap is beneficial not only for moisturizing the skin but also in helping to treat skin conditions and irritations.\nAdd a few drops of argan oil to your makeup – add luminosity and glow to your liquid foundation.\nMakeup remover – argan oil is also an effective makeup remover and will moisturize at the same time.\nMoisturizer for hands and nails– our hands cop a pounding every day and are one of the first parts of the body to start showing wear and tear. A daily application of argan oil – just a few drops, will have them looking smooth and supple again in no time. Don’t forget your nails and cuticles whilst you’re about it – argan oil works well to restore moisture to those too and reduces brittleness and splitting.\nRepair cracked heels – rub argan oil into your heels and feet at night then put on a pair of socks.\nThe Benefits Of Argan Oil For Different Skin Types\nDry skin is caused through insufficient sebum production and is often flaky and itchy as a result. Argan oil helps to restore natural sebum production and stimulates the skin’s moisture retaining ability as well as providing additional moisture and hydration. This helps to reduce the itchiness and flaking.\nSensitive skin – pure argan oil is totally natural so it shouldn’t cause too many problems with sensitive skin but always test new products before application. This will also detect any allergies you may have to the product.\nOily skin is caused by too much sebum being produced and skin conditions resulting from blocked pores, like acne, can be the result. Whilst argan oil has been proven to help restore normal sebum production, care should always be taken using oil-based products on oily skin.\nCombination skin is where some areas of the face are oily and the rest is normal or dry. The oily areas are usually the forehead and nose. As it does for dry and oily skin, argan oil helps to balance out the sebum production across these different areas.\nArgan Oil Uses for Hair:\nWhat Are The Benefits Of Argan Oil On Hair:\nThe benefits of argan oil for hair are similar to those for skin – it is readily absorbed into the hair to soften, moisturize, add shine and protect the hair shafts and help keep your scalp healthy.\nHow To Use Argan Oil On Your Hair:\nUsing argan oil on your hair is simple and easy. It’s usually used as a conditioner to restore moisture and shine but you can add a bit to your shampoo for washing as well.\nTreat dry, split ends – rub a few drops of pure argan oil in your hands then apply to the dry or frizzy ends to help repair them. It adds moisture and shine and you only need a few drops. And, even if you’re hair isn’t dry and frizzy it still works an absolute treat!\nHair moisturizer / leave in conditioner – use pure argan oil as a total hair replenishing and rehydrating treatment; apply just after you’ve washed and towel dried your hair for best results. To apply, put a few drops of pure argan oil on your hands then rub into your hair and scalp, paying particular attention to any dry frizzy areas. You can also add a little bit of argan oil to your commercial conditioner to provide extra bounce and shine.\nDeep hair treatment – rub pure argan oil into your hair and scalp last thing at night then wrap and leave on overnight. When you wash your hair in the morning, you’ll be rewarded with beautiful, soft, shiny, bouncy hair. It will do wonders for your scalp as well. This is a great way to restore hair that has been damaged by constant styling and blow-drying.\nFor even better results, heat the oil a bit, apply it to your hair and scalp then wrap a hot damp towel around your hair. The heat will help with the oil absorption. Then wash and shampoo your hair. This is a good way to restore moisture and shine to dry coarse hair.\nStyling – to use argan oil for styling your hair, just add a few drops to your hands then rub it into your hair to reduce frizziness and add shine and bounce.\nScalp treatment – you can apply pure argan oil directly to your scalp by adding it to your hair and rubbing into your scalp. Leave it for half an hour to an hour before washing it out. Or, you can apply the oil directly to affected areas with a cotton wool ball, then proceed as above. If you have a particularly dry scalp wrap your head in a warm moist towel after applying the oil; this opens the pores and allows the oil to penetrate right into the skin. After an hour or so wash your hair with warm water.\nMedicinal Argan Oil Uses:\nThe Healing Benefits Of Argan Oil:\nIt’s probably the pharmaceutical benefits of argan oil that have garnered the most attention because it’s a far wider and more substantial market than the purely cosmetic and beauty sector. The various properties found in argan oil, some of which have now been confirmed by testing, make pure argan oil one of the most interesting and potentially also one of the most valuable products in the natural health care market. Obviously a lot more testing is required but sometimes centuries of cold hard proof speaks just as loudly as the most thorough of scientific testing.\nArgan oil for acne – overproduction of sebum blocks the skin’s pores creating an ideal breeding ground for the bacteria that causes acne. Successful treatment of acne involves not just clearing up the infection by eradicating the bacteria that cause it but also treating the underlying catalyst, which is the overproduction of sebum. Pure argan oil has been successfully used to treat sebum production disorders. The Oleuropein in argan oil is a natural antibiotic, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and anti-viral agent and Resorcinol, which is also found in argan oil, has disinfecting and antiseptic properties and is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry to produce a range of disinfectants and antiseptics. It is a component in many ointments and creams used to treat skin diseases and disorders like eczema, dermatitis, psoriasis and acne.\nTo apply argan oil for treating acne, ensure your hands are clean. Use a couple of drops of oil and rub it gently onto the affected areas. It’s highly penetrative so will get absorbed rapidly without leaving an oily residue. It may take several weeks of twice daily application before noticeable improvement occurs and in some cases it may even take several months. Argan oil will also gradually reduce the scarring left behind by the acne.\nOpinions differ as to whether pure argon oil on its own or added to a combination of other essential oils such as tea tree, lavender, rosemary and lemon work best so its probably best to consult a naturopath or try a few combination to find what works best for you.\nArgan oil for eczema – some eczema sufferers have reported great results using argan oil on its own for treating their eczema and others have said it’s done nothing at all or that it works better in combination with other essential oils. One of the biggest issues with eczema is dry itching skin and stopping the itching and providing moisture are the keys to starting the healing process.\nArgan oil is rich in Omega 6 and Omega 9 essential fatty acids, both of which are known to sooth and heal skin irritations. Combined with the proven anti inflammatory properties of Vitamin E, or more specifically the extremely high levels of gamma-tocopherol (one of the 8 compounds generically called Vitamin E) argan oil has some pretty powerful weapons with which to start fighting eczema.\nApplication of argan oil to treat eczema is similar to application for acne treatment.\nArgan oil for psoriasis – the basis for claiming that argan oil is useful for treating psoriasis is based on reasonably recent research which suggests that natural plant based antioxidants like polyphenols could have beneficial effects on the inflammation characteristics of this disease. Argan oil contains a number of polyphenols with powerful antioxidant capabilities, hence the claim that it helps this condition. To date however a lot more research is required to substantiate, or unsubstantiate, this claim. In the meantime application of argan oil either on its own, or in combination with other natural sources of antioxidants, probably doesn’t do any harm and may well help to alleviate some of the symptoms as per the research findings to date.\nArgan oil for scars – it’s been known for a long time that vitamin E applied topically to the skin is one of the most effective healing and scar tissue preventative agents available, which is why dermatologists have been recommending it to their patients for equally as long. Argan oil is extremely high in vitamin E. It is also very high in Omega 6 or Linoleic Acid, which is known to be another very effective anti-inflammatory treatment for skin conditions, particularly when applied topically. Reducing inflammation in the skin also helps to reduce subsequent scarring, an important consideration with conditions like acne, chicken pox and with stretch marks. The other attribute argan oil possesses which many other topical treatments lack, is the ability to hydrate and moisturize the skin which is also important in reducing or preventing scarring.\nTo treat scar tissue with argan oil first ensure that you have a genuine 100% pure product and then precisely follow the treatment instructions provided. Most scars may take several months of treatment before a visible difference is noted.\nArgan oil for stretch marks – stretch marks can occur for a number of reasons but excessive weight gain and pregnancy are probably the most common causes. Applying topical treatments like argan oil that are rich in vitamin E and Omega 6, which are proven to assist with maintaining optimum skin health and to reduce the inflammation in the skin that leads to scar tissue forming, will also help to prevent, or minimize, stretch marks. The moisturizing capabilities of argan oil also help the skin retain suppleness and elasticity which are equally as important in helping to minimize stretching damage. It can be applied like ordinary skin cream.\nWhat To Look For When Buying Argan Oil\nSprinkle Over Salad Or Dabble On Skin – How To Tell What Type Of Moroccan Argan Oil You’re Looking At ….\nBecause culinary or food grade argan oil and cosmetic grade argan oil are not intended to be mixed and matched it does pay to check which one you’re looking at. Argan oil intended for the kitchen has been roasted so is darker in colour with a fragrant, nutty smell and flavour. Cosmetic argan oil should be almost odourless with no flavour and is lighter in colour. It also generally comes in smaller bottles than the cooking oil. Mind you, the bottles or containers should be clearly labelled as well so double check before purchase to make sure you’re buying the correct product.\nBuying and Using Argan Oil for Skincare\nCommon Warning Signs When Purchasing Pure Argan Oil.\nWith over 100 products on the market in the US alone claiming to contain argan oil or be pure organic argan oil, it’s easy to get conned into buying something that is probably not what it’s purported to be.\nWarning sign # 1 – a price tag that is really too good to be true. Cheap argan oil is a contradiction in terms, especially if it’s meant to be 100% pure genuine argan oil. Pure argan oil is pricey because it’s rare and it’s labour intensive to produce. So expect to pay a bit for real argan oil, especially pure, organically certified argan oil. Culinary grade argan oil may be a little cheaper but not a lot.\nWarning sign # 2 – over time the properties in argan oil can become degraded by certain spectrums of light so genuine argan oil is sold in brown or blue bottles as these colours block out the harmful light\nWarning sign # 3 – check the ingredients. If you’re buying 100% pure authentic argan oil then that’s the only ingredient that should be on the label! Look for 100% argan oil or 100% argania spinosa kernel oil on the label. If you’re buying a product which has an argan oil component then make sure the other ingredients are bad stuff like sulfates, mineral oil or parabens.\nWarning sign # 4 – if it doesn’t smell a little bit nutty, at least initially, then it could have been heated, which destroys some of the beneficial properties. If it smells really nutty then it could be culinary or food grade argan oil, which is roasted lightly prior to being crushed to extract the oil.\nWarning sign # 5 – if the oil doesn’t absorb into your skin quickly or retains an oily feel, and you haven’t used too much of it, then it may be mixed with another oil like sunflower or olive. Or it could be culinary grade oil.\nWarning sign # 6 – for the best quality argan oil, look for cold pressed argan oil but traditionally pressed argan oil is equally as beneficial. Some suppliers even prefer it\nWarning sign # 7 – if you’re chasing certified organic pure argan oil then make sure it has the labelling to back up the claim.\nSo I’m Hooked – Where Can I Find Argan Oil?\nYou can buy argan oil online, which is probably easiest in many ways because you can check out a wide range of argan oil suppliers and compare prices, ingredients etc. Just do a search online for argan oil for sale or if you’re wanting a product with an argan oil component and not necessarily pure, specify what you want it for ie argan oil face serum, organic argan oil hair treatment, argan oil penetrating oil and so on.\nOtherwise, you’ll find argan oil and argan oil based products in natural food stores, chemists, possibly major department stores in the beauty or health section and in speciality beauty stores.\nNewsletter\nLeave this field empty if you're human:\nAll Copyrights Reserved @ 2016-2017 thelushery.com\n×\nHome\nPure Argan Oil\nThe Argan Tree and Its Oil\nBlog\nShop\nAbout\nContact\n×\nWhat are you looking for? | 2019-04-26T04:26:03Z | "https://www.thelushery.com/pure-argan-oil-tree/" | www.thelushery.com | 0 | 10 | 0 |
What's new? Evening primrose oil with conditioning properties\nEvening Primrose Oil\ncharacterisation\nMenu\nEvening primrose oil with conditioning properties\nL’Oreal Liss Unlimited\nEvening primrose oil in moisturising treatment\nWhat’s new? Evening primrose oil with conditioning properties\nPrevents acne, eczema, skin dryness. Perfectly improves skin, nails and hair condition. Best is the cold pressed and unrefined, because then it preserves its nourishing properties. The valued in cosmetology emollient we talk about is evening primrose oil. Meet properties of this meadow plant.\nNo one has ever assumed that such effective product can be so easily available. Just take a walk on the meadow and search for this common plant with beautiful, yellow flowers and small, green leaves. It has up to 100-120 cm, and its diversity is hidden in tiny, hard seeds. These are the one used to obtain the evening primrose oil.\nEvening primrose oil consists of plenty essential fatty acids. Their values are much higher than for other hair and body oils. What fatty acids will you find in evening primrose oil? Mostly linoleic, though in details it presents as follows:\n1.8% stearic acid (saturated),\n2.0% α-linolenic acid, omega-3 (polyunsaturated),\n5.4% oleic acid, omega-9 (monounsaturated),\n6.2% palmitic acid (saturated),\n75% linoleic acid, omega-6 (polyunsaturated).\nThe analysis of fatty acids content in evening primrose oil is really simple. It provides wider view into the oil’s properties and possibilities of its use. There are plenty of questions that can be answered. For instance, for what hair type is evening primrose best?\nThe answer is simple. Due to 3/4 of oil being linoleic acid, i.e. polyunsaturated, evening primrose oil is just perfect for high porosity hair. The size of its particles matches the size of raised hair cuticles. This makes, evening primrose oil capable of sealing the outer hair layer, which was weakened by open cuticles. However, these are not the only properties of evening primrose oil, because it can also:\ncalm irritations and skin symptoms of allergy,\nstimulate hair growth process,\ninhibit hair loss and prevent baldness,\nincrease elasticity and smoother,\nheal eczema, psoriasis, etc.\nNatural evening primrose oil is an excellent solution for people with dyed or damaged hair, which underwent permanent wave treatment, but also people using hair dryer, straightener or heavy cosmetics.\nTweet Pin It\nTags:damaged hair, EFA, evening primrose oil, hair, hair oil, high porosity hair, porosity\nInteresting Articles\nDry hair and skin. Evening Primrose Oil is coming to the rescue\nL’Oreal Liss Unlimited – serum with evening primrose oil\nEvening primrose oil in moisturising treatment with John Masters Dry Hair Nourishment\nSearch\nAdvert\nCalendar\nApril 2019\nM\nT\nW\nT\nF\nS\nS\n« May\n1 2 3 4 5 6 7\n8 9 10 11 12 13 14\n15 16 17 18 19 20 21\n22 23 24 25 26 27 28\n29 30\nEvening Primrose Oil Copyright © 2019. | 2019-04-21T20:34:01Z | "http://eveningprimrose.info/whats-new-evening-primrose-oil-with-conditioning-properties/" | eveningprimrose.info | 1 | 3 | 0 |
Minoxidil 5, 10 or 15 %? Does Extra Strength Work Better? – Hairverse\nMenu\nHome\nAbout Us\nGet in Touch\nHome\nAbout Us\nGet in Touch\nHome\nHair loss\nMinoxidil 5, 10 or 15 %? Does Extra Strength Work Better?\nMinoxidil 5, 10 or 15 %? Does Extra Strength Work Better?\nMarch 23, 2019 Bonnke Arunga Hair loss\nLast Updated on April 18, 2019\nIf you are a die-hard enthusiast of hair loss treatment like I am, or you are just starting, then you must have encountered this medication – minoxidil.\nIf you ever care to ask anyone any treatment option that they can recommend for your hair loss, they are very likely to mention minoxidil even without thinking.\nBut why is this so?\nSince therapeutic treatment of hair loss started gaining traction in the 1970s, minoxidil was chiefly the only go-to product.\nAnd here is how it happened:\nThis Post Covers:\nThe Amazing History of Minoxidil\nVarious Minoxidil Concentrations\nMinoxidil 5% vs. 10% vs. 15%\nDose-response for evaluating the effect of 10% and 15% minoxidil?\nThe Law of Diminishing Returns Applied to Minoxidil\nThe Possibility of Side Effects With Increased Dosage of Minoxidil\nPrice And Availability of Extra Strength Minoxidil\nConclusions\nThe Amazing History of Minoxidil\nAs far back as 1963, Upjohn pharmaceuticals developed a product which they believed could be very helpful in the treatment of high blood pressure.\nThey named the product, minoxidil. Consequently, in the year 1979, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved minoxidil for use by patients who are suffering from high blood pressure.\nHowever, “disaster” began to strike soon after it was approved. The patients that were being treated with minoxidil started growing unwanted hairs.\nOn realizing this complication, Upjohn decided to harness this side effect onto developing a new mechanism of action.\nLong story short, several tests were done on the effects of minoxidil on hair growth, and that is how minoxidil for hair loss came to be.\nSince then, it has become one of the favorites in the treatment of hair loss. There exist different minoxidil solutions for the purpose of treating hair loss.\nVarious Minoxidil Concentrations\nCurrently, there are four major solutions for minoxidil: 2%, 5%, 10% and 15%. When you see these different solutions, the questions that instantly come to mind are:\nDoes it really matter which strength you use? Does the extra strength of minoxidil have any effect on the results you expect?\nThese are the questions we will be exploring henceforth. But do you know? Of the four solutions of minoxidil, only 2% and 5% solutions are approved by the FDA for the treatment of hair loss.\nStudies that compare the 10% and 15% minoxidil are limited. However, those that compare the lower solutions (2% and 5%) have incredible results which can help establish a fruitful hypothesis about how the 10% and 15% minoxidil works.\nMinoxidil 2% vs 5%\nIn the year 2002, a randomized study comparing 2% and 5% minoxidil was published to the National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).\nThis study was set to evaluate the effectiveness of these solutions in the management of varying degrees of hair loss in male test subjects.\nDetails of the study\nThe study involved a group of 393 men who ware categorized into three groups: those receiving 2%, those receiving 5% and the placebo group.\nAll these men were studied for a period of 48 weeks. Baseline measurements were obtained at the very beginning of the study. Subsequently, measurements were taken once every four weeks until the 32nd week followed by evaluation every eight weeks after that.\nThe results\nAs the study progressed, one particular aspect of the results stood out. Those test subjects who were being treated by 5% minoxidil showed better results than those using 2% minoxidil.\nSource: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12196747\nWhen considered in terms of results, the study above clearly agrees that 5% minoxidil is way better than 2% minoxidil in the treatment of hair loss.\nMinoxidil 5% vs. 10% vs. 15%\nHitherto, there are no studies which have specifically compared minoxidil 5% vs. 10% as well as 10% vs. 15%.\nNevertheless, the results from the study conducted in 2002 can help us predict a pattern here about minoxidil.\nWhat makes me more certain about the pattern in minoxidil as far as concentration is concerned is another study done in 2004 which also compared 2% with 5% minoxidil.\nThe only difference between this study and the former study is that this study involved female subjects, unlike the 2002 study which involved male subjects.\nAs expected, the results were in favor of 5% minoxidil. In scientific research on drugs, this pattern is called dose response on drug effectiveness.\nWhat this means is that; when you increase the dose, the effectiveness of the drug also increases. In our case, increasing the dose of minoxidil to 5% works better than the 2% or the placebo for both men and women as evidenced by the previously described studies.\nDose-response for evaluating the effect of 10% and 15% minoxidil?\nCurrently, no studies are comparing 10% and 15% minoxidil. However, we can use the results available on 2% vs. 5% solutions to extrapolate a hypothesis.\nIt suffices to note that this rule of dose-response doesn’t apply to all medications though minoxidil seems to follow this rule.\nThat means, we can comfortably argue that; since 5% minoxidil works better than 2%, the 10% solution will work better than the 5%, and the 15 percent solution will also work better than the 10% solution when treating hair loss. But is that the case?\nThe Law of Diminishing Returns Applied to Minoxidil\nSee, you may be asking: why don’t you use a higher dosage of minoxidil then, if the higher the dose, the better the results?\nWell, it doesn’t work that way with medications. As common with all other therapeutic agents, the more the dose, the better the result – but, the side effects will also increase significantly.\nTherefore, as much as 15% minoxidil may be effective, you are most likely to experience serious side effects compared to using lower concentrations such as 5% or 2%.\nMoreover, some medications (of which minoxidil is one) reach a point where a further increase in the dose does not lead to a corresponding increase in the therapeutic effects of the drug.\nThis is the law of diminishing returns. And with minoxidil, this law starts kicking in at about 10% concentration where the results begin to plateau.\nAs a result, there is not much difference between minoxidil 10% and 15% in terms of the desired therapeutic effect. However, 15% minoxidil far much outweighs the 10% in terms of side effects.\nThe Possibility of Side Effects With Increased Dosage of Minoxidil\nHere is something that will throw you into a little controversy. The active ingredient in minoxidil, minoxidil sulfate, is harmless.\nSo, technically speaking, you shouldn’t expect any side effects with minoxidil even when you increase the dosages.\nNow here is the catch:\nWhere does the side effects come from if the active ingredient is safe? The mystery lies within the non-active ingredients such as propylene glycol and alcohol.\nWhen you increase the dosage of minoxidil, it also means that you are increasing the concentration of these non-active yet harmful ingredients.\nHas this phenomenon been proven by studies? Of course!\nThis 2004 study that was previously mentioned in this text highlights that the side effects that were observed among the test subjects using 5% minoxidil included intense pruritus, hypertrichosis (excessive growth of hair) and local irritation.\nThese side effects were determined to be caused by the non-active ingredients of minoxidil. If 5% minoxidil yielded these side effects, how much should be expected with 10% or 15% minoxidil?\nPrice And Availability of Extra Strength Minoxidil\nMinoxidil is found in quite some drug stores, both online and in physical stores. You can also get it as a prescription from your doctor, however it is quite hard to find stores where extra strength minoxidil is sold.\nCurrently, Minoxidilmax is one of options to purchase extra strength minoxidil online. Products at Minoxidilmax range from 2 % minoxidil to 15 %. That gives you the freedom to choose your desired minoxidil and give a try for higher concentration solutions.\nPrefer buying from original manufacturers rather than from re-sellers to ensure that you get what is promised. Links for high strength minoxidil are provided below.\nGet 10 % Minoxidil\nGet 15 % Minoxidil\nThe price may vary depending on the store you are purchasing it from as well as the concentration. However, prices between $23 and $59 are very common.\nConclusions\nFor the treatment of hair loss, the FDA has only approved the 5% and the 2% minoxidil. The other concentrations are not approved. However, you might find them only through prescription.\nMost people always agree that lower doses work just as well for them. Trying out larger doses can cause significant adverse effects.\nIf your minoxidil is not working the way you expect it to, then you should consult your doctor or seek other alternative treatments for hair loss.\nFacebook\nTwitter\nPinterest\nLinkedIn\nRelated Posts\nScalp Micropigmentation for Hair Loss: An All-Inclusive Guide\nDoes Coconut Oil Prevent Hair Loss? 5 Benefits for Your Hair\nRu58841 – Underused Finasteride Alternative? (Science Backed Review)\nCreatine Causes Hair Loss. Truth or Myth?\nPumpkin Seed Oil for Hair Loss: Can it Help Stop Hair Loss and Regrow Hair?\nKeto and Hair Loss: 7 Reasons it’s Happening and How to Stop It\nAbout The Author\nBonnke Arunga\nBonnke Arunga is senior medical student and an expert health writer. He is passionate about all areas of health but has particular interest in dermatology and skin health, including treatment of hair loss. Bonnke holds Bachelor's of Science and currently seeks for Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (M.B.B.S.), from Maseno University.\nLeave a Reply\nCancel reply\nLooking for something?\nSearch\nYou are in good hands!\nOur forward-thinking authors are well-established health niche related specialists most of whom hold major degrees in medicine.\nGet more stuff\nSubscribe to our mailing list and get interesting stuff and updates to your email inbox.\nThank you for subscribing.\nSomething went wrong.\nwe respect your privacy and take protecting it seriously\nRecent Posts\nTopical Finasteride for Hair Loss – All You Need to Know (In-depth Review)\nMinoxidil 5, 10 or 15 %? Does Extra Strength Work Better?\nRu58841 – Underused Finasteride Alternative? (Science Backed Review)\nNanoxidil – Unpopular Hair Loss Solution Superior to Minoxidil?\nStem Cell Therapy for Hair Loss: Can This New Treatment Regrow Your Hair?\nFeatured Post:\nLaser Treatment for Hair Loss: 5 Best LLLT Devices (2019)\nI know, I know. Your loss of hair is stressing you out and you just need the quickest and surest remedy to correct...\nImportant\nPrivacy Policy\nTerms of Service\nAbout\nAbout Hairverse: Our Introduction\nGet In Touch\nExtra\nSitemaps\[email protected]\nHairverse Copyright © 2019.\nShare\nTweet\nShare | 2019-04-25T19:59:03Z | "https://hairverse.com/minoxidil-5-10-15/" | hairverse.com | 1 | 5 | 1 |
Zinc Mineral - Sources | Deficiency - Healthy Living Answers\nNutritional Dietary Supplements > List of Essential Minerals > Zinc Mineral – Sources | Deficiency\nZinc Mineral – Sources | Deficiency\nThe Zinc mineral is one of the family of trace minerals and is vital to all stages of growth. Zinc is an essential must have mineral and is found in nearly every cell inside the human body. The activity of up to one hundred different enzymes rely on the Zinc mineral to stimulate them. Enzymes are the substances that cause various chemical reactions to take place inside the body.\nFor instance, zinc helps ensure that the immune system remains healthy and is able to fight off disease. It accomplishes this because it helps produce and activate T-lymphocytes, one type of white blood cell that the body uses to help fight infection.\nThe Health Benefits of Zinc\nWatch this video on YouTube\nZinc plays many other key roles. It is involved in the complex process of healing wounds. Without zinc, a person's sense of smell and taste may become diminished. Zinc is also involved in the synthesis of DNA. One of zinc's biggest responsibilities is to help ensure that a person's various stages of growth occur along normal guidelines, beginning with pregnancy and continuing through childhood and adolescence. It is also needed to ensure that the reproductive system develops normally.\nZinc helps transport Vitamin A from the liver and it also acts as an antioxidant, protecting the cells from the potential damage that can be caused by free radicals.\nZinc Sources\nMany different foods contain some amount of zinc. On a per serving basis, oysters contain the greatest amount. But oysters are not part of the common diet. And that's okay because red meat and poultry are two good sources and they're popular choices among many cultures. Whole grains, nuts, beans, some seafood, dairy products and fortified foods are also good sources.\nCare must be taken however, not to consume too much zinc. This is easy to do if a person eats a lot of fortified foods and also takes a zinc supplement. Doing so impedes the body's ability to properly absorb copper which also is needed to keep the immune system operating correctly. Too much zinc can also impair the formation of blood cells.\nSince zinc is vital during all stages of growth, infants up to 3 years of age should get 3 mg/day. Children need more and should increase intake to 5 mg/day. And adolescents need even more. They should get at least 8 mg/day. Adult men and pregnant women need 11 mg/day while adult women who are not pregnant or breastfeeding need only 9 mg/day. Finally those women who are lactating should up their intake of zinc to 12 mg/day.\nZinc Deficiency\nSome people cannot properly absorb zinc and this situation could lead to a zinc deficiency. Deficiencies also occur when people do not increase their intakes accordingly as they go through the different growth stages. The most notable symptom of a zinc deficiency is retarded growth. Sexual function and capability can also be delayed. Diarrhea, loss of hair, wounds that heal slowly, impotence, lethargy, and trouble with the sense of taste, loss of appetite, diminished immune capability and lesions that appear on skin and the eyes are other possible symptoms of a zinc deficiency.\nUnited StatesAustraliaAustriaBelgiumCanadaFranceGermanyIrelandItalyNetherlandsSpainSwitzerlandGreat Britain\nMason Mineral Zinc 100mg Dietary Supplement Immune Function Prostate Health\nPrice: $9.59\nCHELATED MULTI MINERAL CALCIUM MAGNESIUM ZINC BORON CHROMIUM SUPPLEMENT 100 CAPS\nPrice: $16.99\nGNP Essential Mineral Zinc 50mg 100 Tablets Dietary Supplement\nPrice: $6.89\nRugby Zinc 50mg Chelated Mineral Dietary Supplement 100 Tablets\nPrice: $5.99\nTweet\nEssential Minerals\nCalcium Mineral\nChloride Mineral\nChromium Mineral\nCopper Mineral\nFluoride Mineral\nIodine Mineral\nIron Mineral\nMagnesium Mineral\nManganese Mineral\nMolybdenum Mineral\nPhosphorus Mineral\nPotassium Mineral\nSelenium Mineral\nSodium Mineral\nSulphur Mineral\nZinc Mineral\n© 2019 Healthy Living Answers - About | Contact Us | Privacy Policy | Cookie Policy\nThis site uses cookies. By continuing to browse the site you are consenting to our use of cookies More Info\nAccept | 2019-04-20T08:46:51Z | "https://www.healthylivinganswers.com/vitamins/zinc-mineral.html" | www.healthylivinganswers.com | 1 | 4 | 0 |
Chapter 24- Burn Emergencies - American CPR Care Association\nSkip to content\nAmerican CPR Care Association\nAmerican CPR Care Association\nWe Provide Quality Healthcare\nCustomer Login | Group Login\n1-888-808-9109\nHome\nCourse Demo\nPricing\nHow it Works\nCertification\nBlended Learning\nGroup Discount\nRegister Now\nHealthcare Provider CPR/AED and First Aid Combo Course Online\nOur CPR/AED courses include Adult, Child and Infant techniques. Additionally, our CPR certification course includes training on the use of an Automated External Defibrillator (AED). The CPR/AED certification is valid for 2 years.\nSelect Course:\nOnline CPR/AED Course\nOnline First Aid Course\nOnline Healthcare CPR/AED Course\nOnline Bloodborne Pathogens Certification Course\nCPR/AED & First Aid Combo\nHealthcare CPR/AED & First Aid Combo\nCPR/AED, First Aid & Bloodborne Pathogens Combo\nHealthcare, First Aid & Bloodborne Pathogens Combo\nCOURSE CHAPTERS\nHealth Care CPR/AED\nChapter 1 – Introduction\nChapter 2 – Assessing the Situation\nChapter 3 – C-A-B\nChapter 4 – Adult CPR: Compressions\nChapter 5- Adult CPR: Airway and Breaths\nChapter 6- Adult CPR: Put it Together\nChapter 7- 2-Rescuer CPR and Bag-Mask\nChapter 8- Child CPR\nChapter 9- Infant CPR\nChapter 10- AED\nChapter 11- Choking: Adult and Child\nChapter 12- Choking: Infant\nFirst Aid\nChapter 13 – Introduction\nChapter 14- First Aid Basics\nChapter 15- Safety Precautions\nChapter 16- Breathing Emergencies\nChapter 17- Choking Emergencies\nChapter 18- Nervous System Emergencies\nChapter 19- Allergy Emergencies\nChapter 20- Bites and Sting Emergencies\nChapter 21- Heat and Cold-Related Emergencies\nChapter 22- Wound Emergencies\nChapter 23- Muscle, Bone and Joint Emergencies\nChapter 24- Burn Emergencies\nChapter 25- Poison Emergencies\nBloodborne Pathogens\nChapter 26 – Introduction\nChapter 27 – What are Bloodborne Pathogens?\nChapter 28 – Transmission of Pathogens\nChapter 29 – Protection from Pathogens\nChapter 30 – Handling Exposure\nChapter 31 – Cleaning Exposed Areas\nChapter 32- Reporting an Incident\nChapter 24: Burn Emergencies\nDefined:\nThe skin is the body’s largest organ. A burn is an injury to this organ, the skin. Burn treatments vary based on the severity of the injury.\nCauses:\nChemical burns\nElectrical burns\nFaulty appliances (i.e., space heaters)\nFire / Flame (i.e., matches)\nHeat (i.e., hot liquid, steam)\nKitchen accidents (i.e., hot surfaces – stoves, ovens, irons)\nMotor vehicle accidents\nSigns and Symptoms:\nBlistering\nCoughing, difficulty breathing, wheezing (burned airway)\nNumbness in the skin\nOozing fluid\nPain\nPeeling skin\nRed, white or charred skin\nShock\nSwelling\nCommon Emergency Example(s):\nFirst Degree Burn (Superficial):\nA first degree burn affects only the uppermost or outer layer of the skin. This burn causes mild redness, swelling and pain.\nSecond Degree Burn (Partial Thickness):\nA second degree, or partial thickness, burn affects both the upper layer of the skin and the skin underneath it. Some specific symptoms for this burn include: redness, swelling, pain and blistering.\nThird Degree Burn (Full Thickness):\nA third degree, or full thickness, burn is the most severe and destroys the deep layers of the skin. This can lead to numb skin and white or blackened skin.\nDO NOT:\nApply ointments or any household remedies to severe burns\nBlow air or cough on the burn\nDisturb any blister or charred skin\nGive the person anything to eat or drink if the burn is severe\nPlace a severe burn under ice-cold water\nRemove anything that is stuck to the burn\nTouch the burn and risk infection\nUse any kind of dressing that may stick to the burn\nFirst Aid Actions / Treatment:\n1. Assess the scene and check for your safety, especially at the scene of an electrical injury. Stay clear of the person if he / she is in contact with a power source that is on.\n2. Get a First Aid kit and wear personal protective equipment.\n3. If someone is on fire, have them Stop, Drop, and Roll – cover with a wet blanket to put the fire out. Replace with a dry blanket when the fire is out.\n4. Activate EMS (Call 9-1-1) if the burn is severe (third-degree burn) or the scene becomes unsafe.\n5. Remove clothing or jewelry that is NOT stuck to the skin / burn.\n6. Cool all burns with cold water (not ice-cold water; don’t use ice) until the burning subsides; cover with a dry, sterile dressing.\n7. If necessary in severe conditions, provide CPR. If you do not know how, give Hands-Only CPR.\nSelect Course\nCourse\nOnline CPR/AED Course\nOnline First Aid Course\nOnline Healthcare CPR/AED Course\nOnline Bloodborne Pathogens Certification Course\nCPR/AED & First Aid Combo\nHealthcare CPR/AED & First Aid Combo\nCPR/AED, First Aid & Bloodborne Pathogens Combo\nHealthcare, First Aid & Bloodborne Pathogens Combo\nSelect Chapter\nHealthcare, First Aid & Bloodborne Pathogens Combo\nChapter 1 – Introduction\nChapter 2 – Assessing the Situation\nChapter 3 – C-A-B\nChapter 4 – Adult CPR: Compressions\nChapter 5- Adult CPR: Airway and Breaths\nChapter 6- Adult CPR: Put it Together\nChapter 7- 2-Rescuer CPR and Bag-Mask\nChapter 8- Child CPR\nChapter 9- Infant CPR\nChapter 10- AED\nChapter 11- Choking: Adult and Child\nChapter 12- Choking: Infant\nChapter 13 – Introduction\nChapter 14- First Aid Basics\nChapter 15- Safety Precautions\nChapter 16- Breathing Emergencies\nChapter 17- Choking Emergencies\nChapter 18- Nervous System Emergencies\nChapter 19- Allergy Emergencies\nChapter 20- Bites and Sting Emergencies\nChapter 21- Heat and Cold-Related Emergencies\nChapter 22- Wound Emergencies\nChapter 23- Muscle, Bone and Joint Emergencies\nChapter 24- Burn Emergencies\nChapter 25- Poison Emergencies\nChapter 26 – Introduction\nChapter 27 – What are Bloodborne Pathogens?\nChapter 28 – Transmission of Pathogens\nChapter 29 – Protection from Pathogens\nChapter 30 – Handling Exposure\nChapter 31 – Cleaning Exposed Areas\nChapter 32- Reporting an Incident\nChapter 24: Burn Emergencies\nDefined:\nThe skin is the body’s largest organ. A burn is an injury to this organ, the skin. Burn treatments vary based on the severity of the injury.\nCauses:\nChemical burns\nElectrical burns\nFaulty appliances (i.e., space heaters)\nFire / Flame (i.e., matches)\nHeat (i.e., hot liquid, steam)\nKitchen accidents (i.e., hot surfaces – stoves, ovens, irons)\nMotor vehicle accidents\nSigns and Symptoms:\nBlistering\nCoughing, difficulty breathing, wheezing (burned airway)\nNumbness in the skin\nOozing fluid\nPain\nPeeling skin\nRed, white or charred skin\nShock\nSwelling\nCommon Emergency Example(s):\nFirst Degree Burn (Superficial):\nA first degree burn affects only the uppermost or outer layer of the skin. This burn causes mild redness, swelling and pain.\nSecond Degree Burn (Partial Thickness):\nA second degree, or partial thickness, burn affects both the upper layer of the skin and the skin underneath it. Some specific symptoms for this burn include: redness, swelling, pain and blistering.\nThird Degree Burn (Full Thickness):\nA third degree, or full thickness, burn is the most severe and destroys the deep layers of the skin. This can lead to numb skin and white or blackened skin.\nDO NOT:\nApply ointments or any household remedies to severe burns\nBlow air or cough on the burn\nDisturb any blister or charred skin\nGive the person anything to eat or drink if the burn is severe\nPlace a severe burn under ice-cold water\nRemove anything that is stuck to the burn\nTouch the burn and risk infection\nUse any kind of dressing that may stick to the burn\nFirst Aid Actions / Treatment:\n1. Assess the scene and check for your safety, especially at the scene of an electrical injury. Stay clear of the person if he / she is in contact with a power source that is on.\n2. Get a First Aid kit and wear personal protective equipment.\n3. If someone is on fire, have them Stop, Drop, and Roll – cover with a wet blanket to put the fire out. Replace with a dry blanket when the fire is out.\n4. Activate EMS (Call 9-1-1) if the burn is severe (third-degree burn) or the scene becomes unsafe.\n5. Remove clothing or jewelry that is NOT stuck to the skin / burn.\n6. Cool all burns with cold water (not ice-cold water; don’t use ice) until the burning subsides; cover with a dry, sterile dressing.\n7. If necessary in severe conditions, provide CPR. If you do not know how, give Hands-Only CPR.\n<< PrevNext >> Take Quiz\nAmerican CPR Care Association provides training in online CPR certification, AED training and Standard First Aid for lay-responders and Healthcare Providers.\nInformation\nAbout Us\nContact Us\nTestimonials\nPrivacy Policy\nMoney Back Guarantee\nTerms of Service\nResources\nCertification Details\nReplacement Cards\nGroup Program\nSitemap\nFAQ\nBlog\nCourses\nCPR/AED Course\nFirst Aid Course\nHealthcare Provider\nBloodborne Pathogens\nDemo Course\n\nAmerican CPR Care Association is rated 4.7 out of 5 based on 20,000 ratings.\nAll content Copyright 2019 © - American CPR Care Association. 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Speaking of Women’s Health\nSubscribe\nDonate\nHealth Topics\nWomen’s Health Topics\nGynecology\nInfertility\nMenopause\nMenstrual Disorders\nOsteoporosis\nPregnancy\nSexual Function\nSkin\nUrinary Incontinence\nMore Health Topics\nAging\nAsthma & Allergies\nCancer\nCaregiving\nChildren’s Health\nDiabetes\nDigestion\nFitness\nHeart\nJoints and Muscles\nMigraines\nNutrition\nRelationships\nSleep\nSmoking Cessation\nStress\nVision\nWellness\nTreatment Guides\nVideos & Podcasts\nHealth Tools\nCustomFit Physicals\nAsk The Nurse\nCalculators\nFind a Doctor\nRequest an Appointment\nRecipes\nColumns\nNews\nAbout\nContact Us\nHeritage/Essence\nAbout Our Executive Director\nAbout Our Founder\nMedical Advisory Panel\nSunflower Donor Club\nPartners\nSponsors\nAd Opportunities\nPrivacy Policy\nTerms of Use\nSubscribe\nDonate\nHealth Topics\nWomen’s Health Topics\nGynecology\nInfertility\nMenopause\nMenstrual Disorders\nOsteoporosis\nPregnancy\nSexual Function\nSkin\nUrinary Incontinence\nMore Health Topics\nAging\nAsthma & Allergies\nCancer\nCaregiving\nChildren’s Health\nDiabetes\nDigestion\nFitness\nHeart\nJoints and Muscles\nMigraines\nNutrition\nRelationships\nSleep\nSmoking Cessation\nStress\nVision\nWellness\nTreatment Guides\nGet Cleveland Clinic’s symptom overview and common treatment options for a wide variety of health conditions.\nView All\nVideos & Podcasts\nListen to Holly Thacker, M.D. and other medical experts discuss health issues women face every day.\nView All\nHealth Tools\nCustomFit Physicals\nAsk The Nurse\nCalculators\nFind a Doctor\nRequest an Appointment\nRecipes\nColumns\nNews\nAbout\nContact Us\nHeritage/Essence\nAbout Our Executive Director\nAbout Our Founder\nMedical Advisory Panel\nSunflower Donor Club\nAsk the Nurse\nMy daughter is 18 and she has strong pain every month. The doctor said she probably has some cysts on her ovaries. Can this be true if she is this young?\nYes, beginning with the onset of menstruation until menopause, ovarian cysts are made monthly. This is normal. Cysts are usually not cancerous and are small. When they enlarge more than five centimeters doctors may advise birth control pills and repeat a transvaginal ultrasound to determine if the cyst resolves.\nAlthough normal, many women do make cysts. Frequently, physicians will recommend low dose birth control pills (BCPs) to suppress the formation of cysts. Luckily, 90% of women who take BCPs will favorably respond and have decreased pain.\nOften a combination of BCPs and OTC products (ibuprofen, acetaminophen, and naproxen) will relieve menstrual cramps or pain.\nAll My Best,\nSpeaking of Women's Health Nurse\nMarch 14, 2012 at 2:55pm\nTweet\nStay Connected.\nJoin the thousands of women who already get our monthly eNewsletter.\nLeave this field blank\nSubscribe\nDonate\nJoin us in making a positive difference in the lives of women ― today and beyond.\nGo\nVisit\nRequest an Appointment\nFind a Doctor\nHealth Topics\nTreatment Guides\nVideos & Podcasts\nHealth Tools\nCustomFit Physicals\nAsk The Nurse\nCalculators\nFind a Doctor\nRequest an Appointment\nRecipes\nColumns\nAbout\nPartners\nSponsors\nDonate\nENewsletter\nContact Us\nLeave this field blank\nAd Opportunities\nPrivacy Policy\nTerms of Use\nOur Sponsors\n© 2005-2019 Speaking of Women’s Health. All Rights Reserved. | 2019-04-19T10:24:23Z | "https://speakingofwomenshealth.com/askthenurse/18-with-cysts-on-ovaries" | speakingofwomenshealth.com | 1 | 2 | 1 |
Depression Archives - Page 2 of 3 - NeurOasis Depression Archives - Page 2 of 3 - NeurOasis\nDisorders Treated\nTMS for Depression\nTMS for Anxiety\nTMS for PTSD\nTMS for Migraines\nTMS for Parkinson’s Disease\nAbout TMS Therapy\nWhat is TMS Therapy\nHow transcranial magnetic stimulation works\nIs TMS Effective?\nWhy choose transcranial magnetic stimulation?\nIs TMS safe?\nFAQs about TMS\nAbout Us\nPatient Info\nDoes Insurance Cover TMS Therapy?\nPatient Forms\nPatient Testimonials\nLatest Developments\nMake an Appointment\nCategory: Depression\nWhy Traditional Treatment Isn’t Working\nMajor depressive disorder is the leading cause of disability in the U.S. It affects over 16 million American adults or about 6.7% of the U.S. population.\nNormally, depression is managed through the use of antidepressants, anti-anxiety medications (if one has another mental or physical condition), and psychotherapy.\nWhile medications and psychotherapy are considered the standard treatment for depression, it doesn’t mean that they work for everyone. In one article published in the Harvard Health blog, it says that only a third of those with major depression achieved remission after trying one antidepressant.\nThere is a term used to describe the type of depression that is not responsive to standard or conventional treatment method – treatment-resistant depression. You are most likely to have it if standard depression treatments like antidepressants and psychotherapy isn’t enough. They may not help much at all or you may feel better for a short while, only for the symptoms to come back after a certain period of time.\nTMS Therapy\nIf you’re tired of trying different antidepressants and hopping from one therapist to another, it may be time to consider alternative depression treatments like TMS therapy.\nTMS therapy or transcranial magnetic stimulation is a noninvasive procedure that uses magnetic fields in order to stimulate certain areas of the brain responsible for your depressive symptoms. It’s FDA approved and a safe procedure for the treatment of conditions like depression, anxiety, and even PTSD.\nOne of the best things about TMS therapy, is that unlike conventional depression treatment methods, it isn’t associated with major side effects. To find out more how TMS can help ease your depression symptoms, you can contact us to schedule an appointment.\nAuthor adminPosted on March 23, 2018 March 23, 2018 Categories Depression, TMS TherapyTags arizona, depression, depression treatment, neuroasis, tms therapy, transcranial magnetic stimulation, treatment, tucsonLeave a comment on Why Traditional Treatment Isn’t Working\n3 Ways to Boost Your Mood\nIt’s normal to feel down from time to time. This can happen as a result of unmet expectations, environment, hormones, or a combination of these factors.\nIf you’ve been feeling down lately, the following ways can help boost your mood:\nExercise\nRegular exercise doesn’t just benefit the body. It can also benefit your mental health. There is strong evidence supporting the positive effects of exercise on mental disorders like depression, anxiety, and ADHD. It helps by promoting better sleep, relieving stress, and boosting your overall mood.\nExercise promotes all kinds of changes in the brain including new activity patterns that help in promoting the sense of well-being and calmness. Some studies have shown that it can even be as effective as antidepressant medications for people suffering with mild to moderate depression, without the side effects.\nMusic therapy\nHave you noticed how simply listening to songs that remind you of happy memories can uplift your mood? Music has been proven to help those living with depression. It increases your self-esteem, reduces muscle tension, increases motivation, and it is a safe and effective way for emotional release.\nFinish a task on your to-do list\nIs there project you’ve always wanted to do or have left off for some time? Then, it’s time to start or get back at it. You’ll notice that by making progress, no matter how small it may seem, can instantly uplift your mood. We understand that there are emotional disorders such as major depressive disorder that can’t be fixed overnight.\nIf you’re someone who suffers from depression and haven’t found an effective way of improving the symptoms through lifestyle changes or traditional treatment methods, you may be a candidate for TMS therapy.\nAbout TMS\nTMS therapy, or transcranial magnetic stimulation, is an FDA-approved, non-invasive way of improving the symptoms of depression and other mental health disorders. It stimulates certain areas of the brain, resulting to a reduction of depressive symptoms.\nIf you want to find out more about TMS and how it can help you, you can contact us to schedule an appointment.\nAuthor adminPosted on March 9, 2018 March 9, 2018 Categories DepressionLeave a comment on 3 Ways to Boost Your Mood\nSigns Your Partner May Be Depressed\nDepression is a common mental health disorder, affecting over 15 million Americans. Despite this figure, it can still be hard to tell if one is depressed especially if it’s your partner.\nThere are subtle signs of this disorder that can easily go unnoticed. These include:\nIsolation\nWhen a person is depressed, he/she tends to isolate himself/herself because everything in his/her life seems like a burden. He/she may feel embarrassed about it so he/she gets into a solitary mode.If your partner is a social person and suddenly gets into solitary activities, sleeps more, or watches television more often, then it can be that he/she is depressed.\nLack of motivation\nDoes your ever-punctual partner develop a new habit around tardiness? It could be more than just about poor time management.People who are depressed tend to lose their motivation in doing things they used to love. Their sadness can immobilize them, making it difficult for them to get up in the morning.\nChange in appearance\nA change in appearance or weight can be a subtle sign of depression. When a person is depressed, he/she no longer care or takes pride in the way he/she looks. Weight gain and weight loss are both common in depressed people.\nFatigue\nDepression can cause someone to feel unusually tired. The fatigue can also be a result of change in his/her sleeping patterns. They may sleep more than usual, and have a hard time getting out of bed in the morning.\nReactivity changes\nWhen your partner seems to have a sudden shift in reactivity – be it having a short temper or having a flat response, then it’s possible that he/she is struggling with depression.\nWhat You Can Do\nIf you think your partner is depressed, it’s important to seek help for diagnosis and treatment. The longer you wait, the deeper your partner sinks and the greater is the risk of depression affecting your relationship.\nOnce diagnosis has been made, it’s important to develop a plan together to tackle depression. It may involve reaching out to a mental health professional who can help your partner cope with his/her feelings, solve problems, and change behavior patterns. This can be in the form of talk therapy, medications, or a combination of both.\nConventional methods like therapy and medications do not work for everyone though. If your partner’s depressive symptoms are not improving, know that there’s an alternative treatment – TMS.\nTMS or transcranial magnetic stimulation is a non-invasive, FDA-approved treatment for conditions like depression and anxiety. If you want to know more about it, you can contact us to schedule an appointment.\nAuthor adminPosted on February 9, 2018 Categories DepressionTags arizona, depressed, depression, tms therapy, transcranial magnetic stimulation, tucsonLeave a comment on Signs Your Partner May Be Depressed\nBeat the New Year Blues\nThe idea of beginning a “New Year” may ignite a feeling of excitement and promise for some, but for many people that is not the case.\nSome experience a spike in depression this time of year. The New Year blues, which usually occur in January, can happen for several reasons. The incessant worry of the future, feeling unaccomplished to what transpired in the previous year, and gaining extra pounds from holiday parties can all contributing factors to this post-holiday depression.\nOvercoming the New Year Blues\nThe following strategies can help you get through the New Year blues:\nAvoid personalizing failures and setbacks\nIf you’re the kind of person who to tend to focus on your past failures and negative experiences, then try this year to change that. You can start by evaluating these experiences objectively. See them as they are and figure out what you can do to keep them from happening again. Don’t internalize bad experiences, thinking that they only happen to you because they don’t; every person has failed and has a fair share of bad experiences.\nStay active\nWhether it’s taking a walk or cleaning your house, engaging yourself in any form of physical activity can help beat the New Year blues. Physical activity can make you feel better as it triggers the release of endorphins in your brain (these are also known as the “feel good” hormones).\nConsider treatment\nIf medications, therapy, and traditional methods of treatment don’t work in improving your depression symptoms, consider TMS therapy.\nTMS therapy, or transcranial magnetic stimulation, is a non-invasive, FDA-approved method for improving the symptoms of depression and anxiety. Although it’s still unclear as to how it improves the depressive symptoms, several studies have shown that TMS works.\nDon’t let your past define what you’ll become this year. NeurOasis can help you get back on your feet through TMS therapy. Call (520) 338-2557, or request an appointment online to see how we can help you in the new year.\nAuthor adminPosted on January 24, 2018 Categories Depression, TMS TherapyLeave a comment on Beat the New Year Blues\nNew Year, New You with NeurOasis\nThe persistent feeling of sadness and the loss of interest in things or activities you used to enjoy is not normal. If you’re experiencing these symptoms or finding it hard to function in your every-day life, you may be depressed.\nWhat is depression?\nDepression is an overwhelming feeling of sadness or loneliness, usually lasting for long periods of time. Unlike occasional sadness or loneliness, depression can cause physical symptoms and can greatly impact your quality of life.\nDepression can affect the way you live, including your interactions and relationships with people in your life. Traditional treatments of depression include the use of antidepressant drugs, psychotherapy, or a combination of both. It is not uncommon for these to decrease in effectiveness over time. If you’ve tried traditional treatment methods with little to no results, it may be time to consider an alternative option.\nTMS for Depression\nTMS, or transcranial magnetic stimulation, is an alternative treatment option for mood disorders like depression. It’s a noninvasive procedure that uses magnetic fields to stimulate the nerve cells of the brain, improving the symptoms of depression. It’s typically recommended when the usual treatment for depression isn’t working.\nDuring a TMS session, an electromagnetic coil is used. This is placed against the scalp to deliver magnetic pulses that stimulate the nerve cells that are involved in mood control and depression. Studies have shown that such stimulation affects how the brain works and effectively improves the symptoms of depression.\nGive yourself the gift of freedom in the New Year!\nNeurOasis in Tucson, Arizona specializes in TMS therapy. We want to be part of your journey. Call (520) 338-2557 to schedule a free consultation with one of our specialists today.\nAuthor adminPosted on January 9, 2018 May 23, 2018 Categories Depression, TMS TherapyTags anxiety, arizona, depression, freedom, neuroasis, stress, tms therapy, transcranial magnetic stimulation, tucsonLeave a comment on New Year, New You with NeurOasis\nHoliday Depression\nFor many people, the holidays are the happiest times of the year. However, for some, it’s the complete opposite. The hustle and the bustle during the holiday season can cause stress, anxiety, and loneliness.\nWhy We Get Depressed During the Holidays\nThere are several reasons why depression is common during the holidays. These include:\nSocial isolation\nSocial isolation is the most common reason for the holiday blues. This is usually the case for those who have a small social circle or those with little to no opportunities for social interaction. It’s easy for these people to view those who are with their family or friends as happier than they are. They may even ask themselves, “why can’t that be me?”\nUnrealistic expectations\nThe excessive commercialization of the holidays and the perfect holiday depicted by many TV shows and ads can make some people set unrealistic expectations for the season. And when these expectations are not met, they end up disappointed and depressed.\nNever-ending to-do list\nThe holiday season can create fear and a heightened pressure on those who are trying to do so much. Coupled with perfectionism, those with a never-ending to-do list can easily feel defeated even with the slightest mistake in doing something. They feel like they already disappointed the people around them and that they’re always bound for failure.\nWhat to Do\nIf you’re already starting to feel the holiday blues, then know that there are ways to help in alleviating it.\nTry to reduce your stress\nTry to reduce your stress. You can do this by limiting your commitments and family activities, setting limits on your holiday purchases, and setting realistic expectations for the season.\nContinue your healthy practices\nEating healthy and engaging in regular physical activity are shown to help in reducing your risk of mood problems.\nJoin support groups\nSeeking help from a counselor or support group can provide you with social support during this vulnerable time of the year.\nIf depression is something you experience outside of the holiday season, it may be time to think about other options. NeurOasis specializes in TMS therapy. TMS therapy, or transcranial magnetic stimulation, is a safe, effective, and noninvasive way of managing the symptoms of depression, anxiety and other mood disorders.\nContact us to find out how we can help you cope with the holiday depression\nAuthor adminPosted on December 15, 2017 December 15, 2017 Categories DepressionTags anxiety, arizona, depression, holiday depression, neuroasis, seasonal depression, tms therapy, transcranial magnetic stimulation, tucsonLeave a comment on Holiday Depression\nDepression in Women\nAbout 15 million people in the U.S. suffer from depression each year.\nResearch has shown that women are twice as likely to develop depression than men, and it’s estimated that about 1 in 4 women will have an episode of major depression at some point in her life.\nTypes of Depression That Affect Women\nThere are different types of depression that affect women. The most common are: major depression, postpartum depression, and persistent depressive disorder.\nMajor Depression\nMajor depression is a severe form of depression. In this type of depression, women lose their ability to find pleasure in things and activities that they used to find enjoyable. This greatly affects the way they work, function in day-to-day life, and deal with others.\nPostpartum Depression\nAlso known as the “baby blues,” postpartum depression is a type of depression that occurs in women after the birth of their baby. Symptoms of postpartum depression usually occur in months following birth.\nPersistent Depressive Disorder\nA milder form of depression, persistent depressive disorder is characterized by an extended depressed mood. This can last for two years or more.\nThe Risk Factors\nIt is still unclear why the gender gap in depression exists in. However, researchers suspect that some of it can be brought on by genes, hormones, and stress.\nGenes\nStudies suggest that heredity accounts for 40 percent of the cases of depression. Researchers found out though that certain genetic mutations that are linked to severe depression only occ
r in women.\nHormones\nFor years, researchers have suspected that fluctuations in women’s hormones, specifically with estrogen, contribute to a woman’s greater vulnerability to depression.\nStress\nWomen are more likely than men to become depressed when exposed to certain stressful events. Being the primary caregiver and financial inequality can also contribute to the development of depression in women.\nTreating Depression in Women\nDepression in women is treated the same way as depression in men. It is most commonly treated through medications, therapy, or a combination of the two.\nIf you’ve tried everything with no results from traditional treatment methods, NeurOasis wants to help you get your life back. We specialize in Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation. TMS Therapy is a safe and FDA-approved treatment for major depression.\nMake an appointment online or call (520) 338-2557 to get your free consultation today.\nAuthor adminPosted on November 20, 2017 Categories DepressionTags arizona, depressed, depression, depression treatment, tms therapy, transcranial magnetic stimulation, tucson, womenLeave a comment on Depression in Women\nParkinson’s Disease & Depression\nDepression is common in patients with Parkinson’s disease. It’s a neurodegenerative disorder that affects the dopamine-producing neurons.\nDopamine plays different roles in the brain, which include those pertaining to motor function, arousal, motivation, reward, and some executive functions.\nThe exact cause of Parkinson’s disease is still unknown. While it’s not fatal, the disease can be debilitating. It can cause tremors (mainly at rest), slow movement, gait and balance problems, limb rigidity, and depression.\nDepression in Parkinson’s Disease\nDepression in Parkinson’s disease is an array of symptoms that may occur during the early stage of the disease. Oftentimes, it occurs years before other symptoms of Parkinson’s show up.\nAside from having a negative impact on one’s quality of life, depression can also worsen other symptoms of Parkinson’s disease.\nSome of the common symptoms associated with Parkinson’s related depression includes:\nChanges in appetite\nDifficulty in concentrating\nLow energy level\nLow self-esteem\nDepressed mood\nInability to find pleasure in things you used to enjoy\nSuicidal thoughts\nTreating Depression in Parkinson’s Disease\nDepression in Parkinson’s disease is usually managed through a combination of medication and psychological therapy. There are alternative treatments though if none of these traditional treatment methods provide results. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is one of these alternative treatment methods.\nTMS is a form of therapy that uses magnetic pulses to stimulate certain areas of the brain. It’s a safe and FDA-approved treatment for major depression.\nNeurOasis is dedicated to treating patients with conditions like depression who have not found improvements in their symptoms through traditional methods.\nTo find out more how we can help you through TMS, you can schedule a free consultation with us today.\nAuthor adminPosted on November 8, 2017 Categories DepressionTags arizona, depression, depression treatment, parkinsons disease, tms therapy, transcranial magnetic stimulation, tucsonLeave a comment on Parkinson’s Disease & Depression\nTMS Therapy – A New Treatment for Depression\nMajor depressive disorder (MDD) remains to be the leading cause of disability in the U.S. for ages 15 to 44. Although it can affect both men and women, MDD affects more women than men.\nAbout Major Depressive Disorder\nAlso known as clinical depression, major depressive disorder is a mood disorder characterized by the constant feeling of hopelessness and despair. A person with MDD suffers from intense and persistent feelings of sadness for an extended period of time.\nMajor depression can affect different areas of one’s life including work, study, and even relationships. It can also affect physical functions, such as sleep and appetite. Those with MDD often lose interest in activities they used to enjoy and have difficulty performing day-to-day activities.\nAntidepressants are a popular choice of treatment for depression. These are a group of drugs that are designed to help correct chemical imbalances in the brain and potentially reduce the symptoms of depression.\nTMS Therapy for Depression\nAntidepressants are common for the treatment of depression, but some studies suggest that they don’t provide results in all cases. The effectiveness of antidepressants depends largely on the severity of the depression.\nIf antidepressants are no longer helping, it may be time for you to consider other treatment options.\nTranscranial magnetic stimulation, or TMS therapy, is a noninvasive procedure that uses a magnetic field to stimulate certain areas of the brain. It is a FDA-approved treatment for major depressive disorder, as well as other mood disorders.\nAt NeurOasis in Tucson, we are committed to helping our clients manage their depression through innovative technology. Our healthcare specialists have over 30 years of combined experience in mental health, and understand the challenges faced when living with a mental health disorder.\nTo learn more about TMS therapy at NeurOasis, contact us online or call 520-338-2557 today.\nAuthor adminPosted on October 9, 2017 Categories DepressionTags arizona, depression, depression treatment, major depressive disorder, neuroasis, tms therapy, transcranial magnetic stimulation, tucsonLeave a comment on TMS Therapy – A New Treatment for Depression\nTMS: Fighting Depression by Targeting the Brain’s Wiring\nDoctors Are Now Fighting Depression by Targeting the Brain’s Wiring, Not Its Chemical Balance…\nDoctors Are Now Fighting Depression by Targeting the Brain’s Wiring, Not Its Chemical Balance\nDepression is becoming an epidemic that is damaging individuals, society, and the economy. Its has become the leading source of disability and of ill health in the U.S. It affects more than 15 million adults in total, including 1.5 percent of the U.S. population over the age of 18 in a given year. Depression is especially on the rise in young people, with its rates in teenage girls jumping by 37 percent over the last decade.\nAlthough the standard treatment for depression is medication, scientists have recently discovered the physical seat of depression in the brain, as well as the particular genes that cause it. This has led to exploration in treatment for depression as a physiological issue, not a chemical one.\nIan Cook, director of the UCLA Depression Research and Clinic Program, said in a UCLA press release that they “are actually changing how the brain circuits are arranged, how they talk to each other” (with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation).\nRead the full article at Futurism.com\nAuthor adminPosted on June 15, 2017 September 18, 2017 Categories DepressionLeave a comment on TMS: Fighting Depression by Targeting the Brain’s Wiring\nPosts navigation\nPrevious page Page 1 Page 2 Page 3 Next page\nRecent Posts\nStress Awareness Month April 12, 2019\nLiving With Anxiety April 2, 2019\nTreating PTSD with TMS Therapy March 20, 2019\nEmail*\nCategories\nAnorexia\nAnxiety\nAutism\nDepression\nHappiness\nTinnitus\nTMS Therapy\nUncategorized\nWe want to be a part of your journey to remission. Find out how TMS Therapy could make a difference in your life.\nSUBSCRIBE TO OUR NEWSLETTER\nLeave this field empty if you're human:\nQUICK LINKS\nOur Services\nLatest Developments\nAbout Us\nPatient Corner\nWhy choose TMS?\nFAQs\nMake an Appointment\nPrivacy Policy & Terms of Use\nFROM TWITTER\nNeurOasisTMS\n@NeurOasisTMS\nAccording to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, approximately 16.1 million adults in the United Sta… https://t.co/4e7OIwR22j\n20 hours ago\nNeurOasisTMS\n@NeurOasisTMS\nHere are 10 of the BEST mental health apps to try. Because keeping your stress in check is key for your mental well… https://t.co/NwH1IwjXzi\n3 days ago\nCONTACT INFORMATION\nNEUROASIS\n4578 N 1st Ave, Suite 100\nTucson, AZ 85718\nPhone: (520) 338-2557\nFax: (520) 844-9535\[email protected]\nHours: Mon-Fri, 9AM-5PM\n© NEUROASIS. 2018. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED\nEnglish | 2019-04-25T08:16:35Z | "https://www.neuroasistms.com/category/depression/page/2/" | www.neuroasistms.com | 1 | 5 | 1 |
Production of Se-methylselenocysteine in transgenic plants expressing selenocysteine methyltransferase | BMC Plant Biology | Full Text\nSkip to content\nAdvertisement\nMenu\nExplore journals\nGet published\nAbout BMC\nSearch\nLogin My Account\nSearch all BMC articles\nSearch\nBMC Plant Biology\nMenu\nHome\nAbout\nArticles\nSubmission Guidelines\nTable of Contents\nAbstract\nBackground\nResults and Discussion\nConclusions\nMethods\nDeclarations\nReferences\nResearch article\nOpen Access\nProduction of Se-methylselenocysteine in transgenic plants expressing selenocysteine methyltransferase\nDanielle R Ellis1, 2,\nThomas G Sors1,\nDennis G Brunk1,\nCarrie Albrecht1,\nCindy Orser3,\nBrett Lahner1,\nKarl V Wood4,\nHugh H Harris5, 6,\nIngrid J Pickering5, 7 and\nDavid E Salt1Email author\nBMC Plant Biology20044:1\nhttps://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2229-4-1\n© Ellis et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2004\nReceived: 10 November 2003\nAccepted: 28 January 2004\nPublished: 28 January 2004\nAbstract\nBackground\nIt has become increasingly evident that dietary Se plays a significant role in reducing the incidence of lung, colorectal and prostate cancer in humans. Different forms of Se vary in their chemopreventative efficacy, with Se-methylselenocysteine being one of the most potent. Interestingly, the Se accumulating plant Astragalus bisulcatus (Two-grooved poison vetch) contains up to 0.6% of its shoot dry weight as Se-methylselenocysteine. The ability of this Se accumulator to biosynthesize Se-methylselenocysteine provides a critical metabolic shunt that prevents selenocysteine and selenomethionine from entering the protein biosynthetic machinery. Such a metabolic shunt has been proposed to be vital for Se tolerance in A. bisulcatus. Utilization of this mechanism in other plants may provide a possible avenue for the genetic engineering of Se tolerance in plants ideally suited for the phytoremediation of Se contaminated land. Here, we describe the overexpression of a selenocysteine methyltransferase from A. bisulcatus to engineer Se-methylselenocysteine metabolism in the Se non-accumulator Arabidopsis thaliana (Thale cress).\nResults\nBy over producing the A. bisulcatus enzyme selenocysteine methyltransferase in A. thaliana, we have introduced a novel biosynthetic ability that allows the non-accumulator to accumulate Se-methylselenocysteine and γ-glutamylmethylselenocysteine in shoots. The biosynthesis of Se-methylselenocysteine in A. thaliana also confers significantly increased selenite tolerance and foliar Se accumulation.\nConclusion\nThese results demonstrate the feasibility of developing transgenic plant-based production of Se-methylselenocysteine, as well as bioengineering selenite resistance in plants. Selenite resistance is the first step in engineering plants that are resistant to selenate, the predominant form of Se in the environment.\nKeywords\nSelenite\nSeMet\nSelenocysteine\nHFBA\nSelenate Reduction\nBackground\nSelenium is an essential nutrient for animals, microorganisms and some other eukaryotes [1]. While Se deficiency is rare in the US, it does occur in several low Se parts of the world such as China, and can lead to heart disease, hypothyroidism and a weakened immune system [2, 3]. The toxic effects of excess Se have been known for some time. Short-term consumption of high levels of Se may cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, whereas chronic consumption of high concentrations of Se compounds can result in a disease called selenosis [4]. Only one form of Se, selenium sulfide, has been implicated as a carcinogen [4]. The recognition of Se bioaccumulation and resulting wildlife toxicity at Kesterson reservoir in California and other sites has resulted in a surge of interest in phytoremediation of Se [5–8]. Selenium in the environment can be the result of either natural geological processes or human activities. The USGS has identified 160,000 miles2 of land in the western US enriched in Se from natural processes that is susceptible to irrigation-induced Se contamination, including 4,100 miles2 of land currently irrigated for agriculture [9]. Selenium pollution can also arise from various industrial and manufacturing processes including procurement, processing, and combustion of fossil fuels [10], and mining [11].\nInterestingly, in the last decade it has become increasingly evident that Se also has potential health benefits. Anticarcinogenic activities of specific organic forms of Se against certain types of cancer have been demonstrated [3, 12–14]. In a long term, double-blind study, supplemental dietary Se was associated with significant reductions in lung, colorectal and prostate cancer in humans [3]. Other studies have also demonstrated the chemoprotective effects of Se against breast, liver, prostate, and colorectal cancers in model systems [15–17]. Importantly, there is a great deal of variation in the efficacy of different Se compounds against cancer [13, 18]. Numerous studies have demonstrated the efficacy of Se-methylselenocysteine (MeSeCys) in preventing mammary cancer in rat model systems [16, 19–23], and importantly, MeSeCys has been shown to be twice as active as Se-methionine (the primary component of Se-yeast supplements) in preventing the development of mammary tumors in rats [18]. Furthermore, MeSeCys in both garlic and broccoli has also been shown to be more effective than either Se-methionine (SeMet) in yeast, or broccoli supplemented with selenite, at reducing both the incidence of mammary and colon cancer in rats [19, 21]. This nonprotein seleno amino acid is produced in certain plants including members of the Brassica and Allium genera [3, 24], and in Se accumulating plants such as Astragalus bisulcatus [25, 26]. While the specific mechanism for the anticancer activity of Se has not been fully elucidated, multiple studies have demonstrated the ability of Se to affect the cell cycle and induce apoptosis in cancer cell lines [14, 24, 27–35]. There is also evidence that Se may inhibit tumor angiogenesis [36, 37]. Both of these activities would inhibit progression of early cancerous lesions.\nPlants primarily take up Se as selenate or selenite [38], which is then metabolized, via the sulfur assimilation pathway, resulting in the production of selenocysteine, SeMet and other Se analogues of various S metabolites, as reviewed by Ellis and Salt (2003) [39]. The nonspecific incorporation of seleno amino acids into proteins is thought to contribute to Se toxicity [40]. One proposed mechanism of Se tolerance in plants is the specific conversion of potentially toxic seleno amino acids into nonprotein derivatives such as MeSeCys [41, 42]. Some Brassica and Allium species, when grown in Se enriched medium, can accumulate 0.1–2.8 μmol g-1 dry weight MeSeCys or its functional equivalent γ-glutamylmethylselenocysteine (γGluMeSeCys) [13, 15, 16, 21, 24, 43]. However, certain specialized Se accumulating plants, such as A. bisulcatus, accumulate up to 68 μmol g-1 dry weight Se (6000 μg g-1 dry weight), of which 90–95% is MeSeCys in young leaves [44–46].\nSelenocysteine methyltransferase (SMT), the enzyme responsible for the methylation of selenocysteine to MeSeCys in A. bisulcatus, has recently been cloned and characterized [47]. The availability of such genetic material opens a practical avenue for the development of plants with an enhanced ability to biosynthesize MeSeCys. Such plants would be expected to not only be more resistant to Se, a valuable trait for phytoremediation of Se contaminated land, but also provide a plant based source of the anticarcongenic compound MeSeCys [44]. Here, we describe the successful use of A. bisulcatus genetic material to engineer MeSeCys metabolism in the Se non-accumulator A. thaliana. By over-producing the A. bisulcatus enzyme SMT in A. thaliana, we have introduced a novel biosynthetic ability that has increased the concentration of MeSeCys and its functional derivative γGluMeSeCys, from essentially non-detectable levels in the leaves of wild-type A. thaliana up to 3.9 μmol g-1 dry weight in shoots.\nResults and Discussion\nSe speciation and accumulation\nOver-production of SMT in A. thaliana (Fig 1A) increased the accumulation of MeSeCys from essentially zero in control plants (Fig 1B) to an average of 0.5 μmol g-1 dry weight in the highest SMT accumulating line (Fig 1B), with MeSeCys concentrations ranging from 0.09 – 1.3 μmol g-1 dry weight in individual plants from this line. MeSeCys accumulation was strongly correlated with the level of SMT protein in transgenic plants (Fig 1A and Fig 1B), confirming a causal link between SMT accumulation and the biosynthesis and accumulation of MeSeCys.\nFigure 1\nImpact of SMT protein levels on accumulation of MeSeCys and total Se. (A) Relative SMT protein accumulation. Relative SMT protein levels were determined from digitized immunoblots, and represent the average band intensity (± SE) from 12 – 18 individual plants for each line. (B) Concentration of MeSeCys in transgenic plants. MeSeCys was quantified using HPLC (AccQ Tag amino acid analysis system) and its identify confirmed using MALDI-MS. Data represents the average (± SE) MeSeCys concentrations in 11 – 18 individual plants for each line. (C) Concentration of total Se in transgenic plants. Total Se was quantified by ICP-MS, and data represents the average (± SE) of 7 – 13 individual plants for each line.\nTo further characterize the effect of SMT over-production, Se was extracted from shoot tissue and speciated using HPLC/ICP-MS and HPLC-ESI-MS. Of the total shoot Se in smt2-9, 27% was unextractable in the aqueous phase of a methanol/chloroform/water extraction, and assumed to represent mainly Se assimilated into proteins. Of the extractable Se, HPLC-ESI-MS and quantitative HPLC/ICP-MS revealed that 26%, or 1.16 μmol g-1 shoot dry weight, to be γGluMeSeCys, a derivative of MeSeCys (Table 1A, Figure 2). The identity of this compound was confirmed by coelution of Se in peak 4 with an ion of m/z = 313 [M+H]+ [80Se] (Figure 2A,2C) showing the predicted Se isotopic ratio [76Se(9%), 77Se(8%), 78Se(24%), 80Se(50%), 82Se(9%)] [21] and a consistent empirical formula derived from accurate mass measurement. γGluMeSeCys, is known to accumulate to high concentrations in both Se exposed garlic [21] and A. bisulcatus seeds [25]. γGluMeSeCys is comparable to MeSeCys with regard to its anticarcinogenic capacity [16], with γGluMeSeCys being rapidly converted to MeSeCys by a transpeptidase in the body.\nTable 1\nIdentity and percent composition of Se species in shoot tissue of SMT over-producing A. thaliana line smt2-9.\nSe species\nPeak #\ntR (min)\nm/z\nμmol g -1 dry weight\n% of extractable shoot Se\n1Selenite\nnd\nnd\nnd\n0.16\n3\n2MeSeCys\n1\n4.75\n167 (M+H-NH3)+\n0.71\n12\n2MeSeCys\n2\n6.25\n167 (M+H-NH3)+\n1.68\n31\n2Unidentified\n3\n8.75\nnd\n0.27\n5\n3 γGluMeSeCys\n4\n7.5\n313 (M+H)+\n1.16\n26\n3Unidentified\n5\n10.5\nnd\n0.37\n6\n3Unaccounted\n-\n-\n-\n-\n17\n1Calculated using XAS data. 2Mobile phase water-methanol (99:1, v/v) 0.1% HFBA. 3Mobile phase water-methanol (99:1, v/v) 0.1% TFA. HPLC fractions (0.5 – 1.0 ml) were collected and analyzed for total Se by ICP-MS. Replicate chromatography was also performed using HPLC-ESI-MS to confirm the identity of the compounds in the Se containing peaks. The various Se compounds were quantified based on their Se content. Chromatography and mass spectroscopy data shown in Figure 2.\nFigure 2\nSpeciation of Se in shoots of A. thaliana over-producing SMT. (A) Arabidopsis thaliana smt2-9 HCl extract injected onto a reverse phase C8 column, eluted with water:methanol (99:1 v/v) containing 0.1% TFA, and fractions analyzed for Se using ICP-MS with 83% recovery of injected Se. (B) Mass spectrum collected in the region of peak 1–3 from the chromatogram shown in Figure 2A, revealing the expected [M+H]+ m/z = 184 and [M+H-NH3]+ m/z = 167 for MeSeCys, as well as the expected Se isotopic signature. (C) Mass spectrum collected in the region of peak 4 from chromatogram shown in Figure 2A, revealing the expected ion m/z = 313 for γGluMeSeCys, as well as the expected Se isotopic signature. (D) Arabidopsis thaliana smt2-9 HCl extract injected onto a reverse phase C8 column, eluted with water:methanol (99:1 v/v) containing 0.1% HFBA, and fractions analyzed for Se using ICP-MS with 55% recovery of injected Se.\nThe majority of the remaining extractable Se eluted in an early running Se peak that contains MeSeCys, as identified by coelution of Se in this peak with an ion of m/z = 167 [M+H-NH3]+ [80Se] (Figure 2A,2B) showing the predicted Se isotopic ratio [76Se(9%), 77Se(8%), 78Se(24%), 80Se(50%), 82Se(9%)], and a consistent empirical formula derived from accurate mass measurement. Authentic MeSeCys standard also showed a major ion with m/z = 167, representing the loss of 17 as ammonia from m/z = 184 (data not shown). This early running Se-containing peak likely represents a mixture of Se-containing compounds [43], and was further resolved using the strong ion-pairing reagent HFBA to reveal the presence of three Se-containing compounds (Figure 2C, peak 1, 2 and 3). Peaks 1 and 2 were identified as MeSeCys by the presence of an ion of m/z = 184 [M+H]+ [80Se] and fragmentation of this ion, by the loss of ammonia, to m/z = 167 [M+H-NH3]+ [80Se]. Elution of MeSeCys as a double peak has been previously observed, and is though to be due to its partial protonation [43]. Quantification of the total Se in these two peaks revealed that MeSeCys represents 43% of the total extractable Se (Table 1), or 2.4 μmol g-1 shoot dry weight. For this analysis, smt2-9 shoot samples containing the highest concentration of MeSeCys, determined using the AccQ Tag amino acid analysis system, were used. MeSeCys concentrations of 1.3 and 2.4 μmol g-1 dry weight, quantified using these two independent methods differ significantly, and we suspect that AccQ Tag may underestimate the concentration of MeSeCys due to the reduced derivatization efficiencies observed with standard MeSeCys. Of the Se injected onto the column, only 17% was found to be unaccounted for by peaks 1–5 when eluted with mobile phase containing 0.1% TFA (Figure 2A, Table 1). When using HFBA as the ion pairing reagent (Figure 2D), γGluMeSeCys was not expected to be eluted under the conditions used, leading to 28% reduction (83% – 55%) in recovery of injected Se.\nThe minor Se peak (Figure 2, peak 5) representing 6 % of total extractable Se (Table 1), most likely represent a doublet peak of γGluMeSeCys produced by partial protonation [43]. MeSeCys and its derivative γGluMeSeCys comprise 75% of the total extractable Se, or 3.9 μmol g-1 shoot dry weight, in SMT over-producing A. thaliana line smt2-9 (Table 1).\nX-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) can be used to obtain direct information on the in vivo speciation of Se in plants, avoiding the possibility of extraction artifacts [41, 42]. XAS of shoot tissue from SMT over-producing A. thaliana indicates that the majority of shoot Se is associated with two C atoms (R-Se-R) (Fig 3), and the concentration of Se in this chemical form increases in direct proportion to the level of SMT over-production (Fig 1A, Fig 3). XAS results are consistent with MeSeCys and its derivative γGluMeSeCys accounting for the majority of Se in planta in the SMT over producing plants. The XAS also revealed the presence of a minor selenonium species (Fig 3), which may represent Se-adenosylselenohomocysteine as observed in yeast [21]. This compound would be expected to be strongly retained during HPLC [43], and may represent a portion of the 17% of Se in the smt2-9 extracts that was not recovered from the column during HPLC/ICP-MS (Figure 2A, Table 1).\nFigure 3\nSe K X-ray absorption near-edge spectra of shoots of A. thaliana over-producing SMT and control plants. (A) Normalized spectra of different plant lines (filled circles), overlaid with the results of fitting each spectrum to a linear combination of spectra of standards (solid line). (B) Fit deconvolutions for two examples of the samples shown in A. Each panel shows the data and fit (as in A), the residual (dotted line beneath) and the spectra of standards scaled according to their contributions to
he fit. The best fits were obtained using selenomethionine (RSeR), aliphatic selenonium (R3Se+), selenite (SeO32-) (all in aqueous solution) and elemental selenium (Se0). Other standards (not shown) were tested: aqueous selenate did not contribute to the fits, and dimethyl selenoxide gave poorer fits (as judged by the residuals) than the selenonium species. Note that selenomethioninine is chosen to be representative of RSeR species, and its spectrum is not reliably distinguishable from that of MeSeCys. (C) Chemical speciation of Se in planta in shoots of A. thaliana over-producing SMT and control plants. Se K X-ray absorption near-edge spectra were fit, as described in Figure 2, to produce quantitative data on the speciation of Se in shoots of A. thaliana. Total Se accumulation (Fig 1C) and percent speciation are combined to produce absolute concentrations of the various Se species.\nExposure of plants to selenate produced no detectable MeSeCys in either SMT over-producing plants or controls (data not shown). Measurement of Se speciation by XAS in selenate treated plants revealed that approximately 70% of total Se remained as selenate in both SMT over-producing and control plants. This confirmed that reduction of selenate to selenite is a rate-limiting step for Se assimilation into selenocysteine in plants as established previously [48], and explains our observation that SMT over-production does not significantly increase the biosynthesis of MeSeCys in selenate exposed plants. The XAS speciation data also supports the conclusion that over production of SMT does not affect the rate of selenate reduction. However, by exposing SMT over-producing plants to selenite, the rate-limiting step of selenate reduction is bypassed and only 1 – 4% of the accumulated Se remains as selenite in SMT over-producing plants, and 3 – 11% in control plants (Fig 3). This high rate of selenite assimilation explains why, when SMT is present, MeSeCys and γGluMeSeCys are efficiently biosynthesized (Fig 1A,1B).\nSignificantly, along with accumulation of MeSeCys and γGluMeSeCys, the concentration of total Se in shoots (Fig 1C) also positively correlates with SMT over production (Fig 1A). Total Se increases from approximately 1 μmol g-1 dry weight in control plants (range 31 – 168 μg g-1) up to 8 μmol g-1 dry weight (range 358 – 1020 μg g-1) in the highest SMT accumulating line (Fig 1C).\nSelenium tolerance\nOver-production of SMT resulted in a remarkable increase in resistance to selenite, with SMT accumulating plants showing both increased growth and reduced accumulation of stress related anthocyanin pigments (Fig 4A). To quantify selenite tolerance, a relative tolerance index was calculated that represents the percentage difference between the final fresh weight of each transgenic plant line after growth in the presence and absence of selenite. This relative tolerance measurement clearly establishes that selenite tolerance is strongly correlated with accumulation of MeSeCys, as well as SMT production in 4 independent transgenic lines (Fig 4B). The correlation between MeSeCys biosynthesis and selenite tolerance strongly supports the proposed role of MeSeCys in Se tolerance in Astragalus [40, 47]. However, SMT over-production does not increase tolerance to selenate (data not shown). Because selenate reduction to selenite is very inefficient in A. thaliana and SMT acts to detoxify Se downstream of selenite, it is consistent that SMT does not confer tolerance to selenate. From this, we propose that selenate is directly toxic to plants and efficient reduction of selenate to selenite is required for tolerance. This is supported by the earlier observation that efficient reduction of selenate to selenite, by overexpression of ATP sulfurylase [48], confers significant tolerance to selenate in Brassica juncia. Whereas Pilon-Smit et al. (1999) [48] concluded that selenate tolerance was due to increased volatilization of Se in the ATP sulfurylase over-producing plants, we propose that the efficient reduction of selenate is the primary cause of enhanced Se resistance. We would predict that the increased selenocysteine produced in these transgenic plants was detoxified by the low level SMT activity known to exist in B. juncia [43]. In contrast, overexpression of ATP sulfurylase in tobacco cell culture, which does not produce MeSeCys, did not result in measurable selenate tolerance [49]. We suggest that Se is toxic to plants at two biochemical stages, directly as selenate [41] and via the biosynthesis of Se analogues of S amino acids [34]. The Se hyperaccumulator A. bisulcatus is known to accumulate both selenate and MeSeCys [41, 46]. Therefore, we propose that these plants use SMT to detoxify selenocysteine, and also have the ability to detoxify selenate by utilizing a mechanism that may involve compartmentalization into the vacuole. This proposed mechanism has yet to be identified.\nFigure 4\nSelenite tolerance of SMT over-producing A. thaliana . (A) Growth of SMT over-producing and empty vector control plants in soil treated with selenite. (B) Relative selenite tolerance in soil grown plants is positively correlated with the concentration of methylselenocysteine, and (C) total shoot Se concentration. Relative tolerance is quantified as the percent fresh weight of selenite treated plants relative to the same line grown in the absence of selenite. Data represents averages (± SE) from between 10 – 16 individual plants from each line.\nFurthermore, selenite tolerance was strongly correlated with total shoot Se accumulation, with the most tolerant lines accumulating the highest shoot Se concentrations (Fig 4C). This increased Se accumulation may be simply due to the more efficient uptake and transport of selenite in the healthy, SMT over-producing plants. However, another possible explanation would be that over-production of SMT may deplete cellular free cysteine, by methylation to methylcysteine (MeCys). Such depletion of cysteine would act to increase the activities of the sulfur assimilation enzymes serine acetyltransferase and O-acetylserine thiol lyase [50], leading to increased incorporation of Se into selenocysteine. This increased biosynthesis of selenocysteine, and accumulation of MeSeCys, would be expected to form a sink for Se, driving increased accumulation of Se into shoot tissue.\nIn support of this, expression of SMT does result in the accumulation of MeCys, a metabolite not normally observed in A. thaliana (data not shown). Methylcysteine and MeSeCys are produced in approximately equal concentrations, and biosynthesis of MeCys in the SMT-producing plants demonstrates that in vivo SMT has significant methyltransferase activity using either cysteine or selenocysteine as substrates. This contrasts the situation in vitro where SMT has very low activity with cysteine as a substrate [51]. Such in planta methyltransferase activity with cysteine as a substrate is also supported by the earlier observations that increasing the concentration of selenate in nutrient solution resulted in increased concentration of MeSeCys and a decrease in MeCys in A. bisulcatus [52], while increasing sulfate resulted in the increase in MeCys and a decrease in MeSeCys. This suggests that a common pathway is involved in the synthesis of both compounds.\nConclusions\nAlthough MeSeCys is one of the most biologically active Se compounds, the less active SeMet and selenite are the Se forms currently available in the majority of nutritional supplements. The genetic modification of plants to increase the levels of enzymes involved in Se metabolism into MeSeCys would provide a possible source of this chemopreventative molecule. The results presented here demonstrate, for the first time, the practicality of using genetic material from the Se hyperaccumulator A. bisulcatus to bioengineer plants that are enriched in MeSeCys, as previously proposed by Orser et al., (1999) [44]. Shoot tissue of A. thaliana over-producing SMT has a combined concentration of MeSeCys, and its functional equivalent γGluMeSeCys, of up to 3.9 μmol g-1 shoot dry weight (Table 1) after only 6-weeks growth including a 2-week exposure to selenite. Concentrations of MeSeCys and MeCys were also approximately equal in SMT over-producing plants. Since MeCys has been identified as a chemopreventative agent [53], such a dual function of SMT is expected to further enhance the anticarcinogenic potential of this transgenic plant material. While garlic and ramps have been used to produce similar concentrations of MeSeCys and γGluMeSeCys [15, 21], production of plant material took 6 months [20] and biomass yields can be expected to be low. The ability to transfer the SMT gene into a higher biomass, rapidly growing, and edible plant could lead to a cost effective method of producing MeSeCys/γGluMeSeCys enriched plant material.\nThe over-production of SMT in A. thaliana also leads to increased Se accumulation and selenite resistance. In the environment, Se occurs mainly as the selenate oxyanion. Detoxification of accumulated selenate requires its reduction to selenite and metabolism into a dead end metabolite such as MeSeCys. Therefore, the ability to engineer selenite resistance in plants, as demonstrated here, is a critical first step in the development of plants capable of hyperaccumulating Se from selenate. Further important steps in this process will be the engineering of enhanced uptake of selenate over sulfate, and its reduction to selenite. In our study, SMT over-producing plants were able to grow normally while containing up to 1020 μg g-1 total foliar Se. Tolerance to such high internal foliar Se concentrations are within the same range observed for naturally evolved Se accumulator plants such as A. bisulcatus (25, 26), and if reproduced in a high biomass plant, these foliar Se concentrations are within the range required for practical phytoremediation of Se contaminated soils and waters. Therefore, engineering of selenite tolerance in plants moves us one step closer to our goal of bioengineering plants ideally suited for phytoremediation of Se.\nMethods\nPlant transformation and growth\nThe gene encoding selenocysteine methyltransferase (SMT1) was amplified from A. bisulcatus as described previously [45], and cloned in the pKYLX plant transformation vector [54, 55] downstream of the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter [45]. Arabidopsis thaliana was transformed using Agrobacterium by floral dipping [56], and transformed seed selected on kanamycin. Empty pKYLX vector control lines were generated concurrently. Selected T1 plants were allowed to self fertilize, and plant lines homozygous for the SMT1 transgene selected in the T3 generation. Bulk T4 seed was collected and used in all experiments presented. Seeds were planted in Scotts Redi-earth artificial soil mix in 72-cell plug trays, cold treated at 4°C for 3-days to synchronize germination and grown in a climate-controlled room at 19–24°C with 10 hours of light at 90 to 150 μ E. After 4-weeks growth vegetative plants were watered with 100 μM sodium selenite as needed for a further 2 weeks after which shoot tissue of individual plants was harvested, fresh weight determined, washed in 18 MΩ water, ground in liquid nitrogen and stored at -80°C. Each individually stored plant sample was subsampled and used for subsequent analyses.\nAnalysis of total shoot Se\nFor analysis of total Se, samples of frozen plant material were dried overnight at 60°C, weighed and digested in concentrated HNO3 acid (EM Omni Trace) at 118° C for 4 hours. Se was quantified in the samples using a Thermo Elemental PQ ExCell ICP-MS (Thermo elemental, Franklin, MA) with a gallium internal standard, a NIST traceable calibration standard and external drift correction [57].\nAnalysis of shoot Se speciation\nTo determine extractable and non-extractable Se, shoot tissue (0.25 g – 0.5 g fresh weight) was extracted in 10 ml methanol for 24 hr at 4°C, 6 ml water and 5 ml chloroform added [58] and total Se measured by ICP-MS in the aqueous phase, and in the chloroform and residual tissue. Extractable Se was functionally defined as the total Se extracted into the aqueous phase, and non-extracted Se was defined as the sum of that in the residual tissue and the chloroform. For routine quantification of SeMeCys and MeCys plant samples were extracted over night at 4°C in 50 mM HCl (2:1 v/w), with 78% recovery of total extractable Se. Alpha amino butyric acid was added to each extracted sample as an internal standard, the samples derivatized and analyzed using the AccQ Tag amino acid analysis system (Waters Corp., Milford, MA) using a Waters HPLC system consisting of a Waters Separation module 2695 with a Waters 2475 fluorescence detector. The identity of MeSeCys in the chromatogram was confirmed by coelution with an authentic MeSeCys standard and of the m/z = 354 ion characteristic of the MeSeCys [6-aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxy-succinimidyl carbamate] AccQ Tag derivative using MALDI-MS on post column fractions after cleanup on Dowex-1-acetate. The presence of Se in the fractions containing MeSeCys was confirmed by ICP-MS (Thermo Elemental PQ ExCell). Recoveries of MeSeCys during HPLC analysis were determined to be 100% using a MeSeCys spiked sample. The identity of MeCys was confirmed by coelution with an authentic standard and by GC-MS after 24 h of extraction in 50 mM HCl and subsequent derivatization with MTBSTFA following standard procedures [59]. Se speciation was further analyzed by HPLC/ICP-MS and HPLC-ESI-MS. Tissue was extracted in 50 mM HCl (2:1 v/w), injected onto a 5-μm Symmetry Shield RP8 (15 cm × 3.9 mm) column (Waters Corp., Milford, MA) and eluted with a mobile phase of water-methanol (99:1, v/v) containing either 0.1% TFA or HFBA at the resulting pH [43]. For quantification of Se in the eluant, fractions (0.5 – 1 mL) were collected and analyzed by ICP-MS (Thermo Elemental PQ ExCell). For molecular mass spectral studies the eluant was analyzed using electrospray ionization on a FinniganMAT LCQ (ThermoFinnigan Corp. San Jose, CA), or LC-Q-Tof micro (Waters Corp., Milford, MA) mass spectrometer system. A tissue sample from one representative plant from each transgenic and empty vector control line was also shipped on dry ice to the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (SSRL) for Se K-edge XAS analysis following our established protocols [45].\nSMT protein quantification\nProduction of SMT in tissue samples from individual plants was determined by immunoblotting and quantified by digitizing developed immunoblots [45].\nDeclarations\nAcknowledgments\nThis project was funded through an STTR grant from the NIH National Cancer Institute (R41 CA80444-01, R42 CA80444-02) awarded to NuCycle Inc. and subcontracted to DES. We would also like to thank Burt Ensley, Graham George, Michael Persans, Jeff Denault and Andrew Baker. The Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory is supported by the Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, and by the National Institutes of Health, National Center for Research Resources, Biomedical Technology Program.\nAuthors' original submitted files for images\nBelow are the links to the authors’ original submitted files for images.\n12870_2003_25_MOESM1_ESM.ppt Authors’ original file for figure 1\n12870_2003_25_MOESM2_ESM.ppt Authors’ original file for figure 2\n12870_2003_25_MOESM3_ESM.ppt Authors’ original file for figure 3\n12870_2003_25_MOESM4_ESM.ppt Authors’ original file for figure 4\nAuthors' contributions\nDES and CO co-conceived the experiment with DES guiding the work; DRE, TGS and DGB were primarily responsible for carrying it out with CA contributing to generation of transgenic plants, BL performing ICP-MS analysis, KVW performing LC-ESI-MS, and IJP and HHH performing XAS analysis.\nAuthors’ Affiliations\n(1)\nCenter for Plant Environmental Stress Physiology, Purdue University, 1165 Horticulture Building, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA\n(2)\nVisiting Scientist: NuCycle Therapy, Inc, Hillside, NJ 07205, USA\n(3)\nArete Associates, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA\n(4)\nChemistry Department, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA\n(5)\nStanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA\n(6)\nSchool of Chemistr
, University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia\n(7)\nDepartment of Geological Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E2, Canada\nReferences\nBirringer M, Pilawa S, Flohe L: Trends in selenium biochemistry. Nat Prod Rep. 2002, 19: 693-718. 10.1039/b205802m.PubMedView ArticleGoogle Scholar\nCombs GF: Food system-based approaches to improving micronutrient nutrition: The case for selenium. BioFactors. 2000, 12: 39-43.PubMedView ArticleGoogle Scholar\nClark LC, Combs GF, Turnbull BW, Slate EH, Chalker DK, Chow J, Davis LS, Glover RA, Graham GF, Gross EG, Krongrad A, Lesher JL, Park HK, Sanders BB, Smith CL, Taylor JR: Effects of selenium supplementation for cancer prevention in patients with carcinoma of the skin. J Amer Med Assoc. 1996, 276: 1957-1963. 10.1001/jama.276.24.1957.View ArticleGoogle Scholar\nAgency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. 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nefits of Music Therapy for MS - Multiple Sclerosis News Today\nSkip to content\nHome\nForums\nMS Columns\nSilver Linings\nEngaging Thoughts\nThe MS Wire\nFaith of the Mustard Seed\nYou’ve Got Some Nerves\nMake Change Happen\nPatiently Awakened\nMaking a Difference\nA Life in Letters\nMS in Moderation\nFall Down, Get Up Again\nMS in Motion – A Column by Mike Knight\nCategories\nSocial Clips\nRRMS\nSPMS\nPPMS\nClinical Trials\nNational MS Society\nAbout MS\nWhat is MS?\nMS Types\nClinically Isolated Syndrome (CIS)\nPrimary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (PPMS)\nRelapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS)\nSecondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (SPMS)\nAutoimmune Disease\nPrognosis and Life Expectancy\nMS vs. ALS: How Do They Differ?\nStatistics\nHealthy Living\nPhysical Exercise\nDiet & Nutrition\nSwank Diet\nMcDougall Diet\nPaleo Diet\nMediterranean Diet\nGluten-Free Diet\nFoods to Eat and Avoid\nPseudobulbar Affect in Multiple Sclerosis\nSymptoms\nDizziness and Vertigo\nEarly Signs\nFatigue\nFlare-ups\nBladder Issues\nBladder Problems and MS\nBladder Infection\nBladder Spasms\nNeurogenic Bladder\nUrinary Retention\nNeurogenic Detrusor Overactivity and MS\nOveractive Bladder\nUrinary Incontinence and MS\nBowel Incontinence\nDepression\nPain\nDysesthesia\nHeat Intolerance\nLhermitte’s sign\nSexual Dysfunctions\nSpasticity\nThe MS hug\nUhthoff’s Syndrome\nVision Problems\nOptic Neuritis in Multiple Sclerosis\nDiagnosis\nGuidelines for MS diagnosis: McDonald Criteria\nMagnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and MS Diagnosis\nEvoked Potential (EP) Test and Multiple Sclerosis Diagnosis\nSpinal Tap Test and Multiple Sclerosis Diagnosis\nTherapies\nTrackers\nRMS Therapy Tracker\nPMS Therapy Tracker\nManage MS Symptoms\nFatigue\nAmantadine For Fatigue\nProvigil (modafinil)\nProzac (fluoxetine)\nAntivert (meclizine) for Vertigo and Dizziness\nBladder Dysfunction\nBotox (onabotulinumtoxinA)\nDDAVP Nasal Spray\nDetrol (tolterodine)\nDitropan (oxybutynin) & Ditropan XL\nEnablex (darifenacin)\nFlomax (tamsulosin)\nHytrin (terazosin)\nMinipress (prazosin)\nOxytrol (oxybutynin)\nPropantheline\nSanctura (trospium chloride)\nTofranil (imipramine)\nVesicare (solifenacin succinate)\nBowel Dysfunction\nColace (docusate) for Constipation\nDulcolax (bisacodyl)\nEnemeez (docusate stool softener laxative)\nFleet Enema (sodium phosphate) for Constipation\nMetamucil (psyllium) for Constipation\nMineral Oil for Constipation\nPhillips Milk of Magnesia (magnesium hydroxide) for Constipation\nSani-Supp Suppository (glycerin) for Constipation\nDepression\nCymbalta (duloxetine hydrochloride) for Depression\nEffexor XR (venlafaxine) for Depression\nNuedexta (dextromethorphan + quinidine) for PBA\nPaxil (paroxetine) for Depression\nProzac (fluoxetine) for Depression\nWellbutrin (bupropion) for Depression\nZoloft (sertraline) for Depression\nInfections\nCipro (ciprofloxacin) for UTIs\nHiprex (methenamine) for UTIs\nMacrodantin (nitrofurantoin) for UTIs\nMuscle Spasms\nDantrium (dantrolene)\nBotox (onabotulinumtoxinA)\nGablofen (baclofen – intrathecal)\nKlonopin – Rivotril – Syn-Clonazepam (clonazepam)\nLioresal (baclofen)\nNydrazid / Laniazid (isoniazid)\nValium (diazepam)\nZanaflex (tizanidine)\nPain\nAmitriptyline for Pain Management\nAtarax (hydroxyzine) for Itching and Burning\nDeltasone (prednisone) for Relapse Management\nDilantin (phenytoin) for Pain Management\nKlonopin (clonazepam) for Pain Management\nNeurontin (gabapentin) for Pain Management\nPamelor; Aventyl (nortriptyline) for Pain Managemen\nPyridium (phenazopyridine) for UTI Pain\nTegetrol (carbamazepine) for Pain Management\nSexual Dysfunction\nCialis (tadalafil) for Erectile Dysfunction\nMUSE (alprostadil) for Erectile Dysfunction\nLevitra (vardenafil) for Erectile Dysfunction\nPapaverine for Erectile Dysfunction\nViagra for Erectile Dysfunction & Female Sexual Arousal Disorder\nApproved Treatments\nAMPYRA\nAubagio\nAvonex\nBetaseron\nCopaxone\nDecadron\nGilenya\nExtavia\nGlatopa\nLemtrada\nMayzent\nNovantrone\nTecfidera\nOcrevus\nRebif (interferon beta-1a)\nPlegridy\nZinbryta (Daclizumab)\nSolu-Medrol\nTysabri (Natalizumab)\nRRMS Therapies\nStem Cell Therapy\naHSCT – Autologous Hemopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in MS\nStem Cell Clinical Trials and MS\nMesenchymal Stem Cell (MSCT) Clinical Trials\nNeuron Stem Cell (NSC) Clinical Trials\nDifferent Types of Stem Cells\nHow are Stem Cells Regulated?\nExperimental Treatments\nALKS 8700\nAP-1\nMidamor (Amiloride) for PPMS and SPMS\nAmiselimod (MT-1303)\nAnti-LINGO-1 / BIIB033 / Opicinumab\nAPD334\nATL1102\nATX-MS-1467\nBN201\nCladribine\nDalazatide (Formerly ShK-186)\nDysport (abobotulinumtoxin A) for Overactive Bladder\nCTP-354\nGIFT-15\nGLX1112\nGNbAC1\nIbudilast (MN-166)\nIkT-001Pro\nLaquinimod (Nerventra, ABR-215062)\nLisinopril\nLipoic Acid\nMasitinib (AB1010)\nMinocycline\nMD1003\nMEDI-551\nMIS416 for SPMS\nNDC-1308\nOfatumumab (Arzerra)\nOzanimod (Formerly RPC1063)\nPDA-001\nPonesimod\nRaltegravir (isentress)\nRaxone (Idebenone) for PPMS\nRituximab\nRHB-104\nrHIgM22\nRiluzole for PPMS and SPMS\nRPI-78M\nRTL1000\nSimvastatin for SPMS\nTcelna\nVatelizumab (GBR 500)\nVitamin D\nZenapax\nAssistive Devices for Multiple Sclerosis\nReWalk for Multiple Sclerosis\nSafeGait 360 Balance and Mobility Trainer\nExternal Urethral Barrier\nSearch for:\nBenefits of Music Therapy for MS\nFebruary 27, 2017 February 27, 2017\nby Debi Wilson\nIn Columns, Faith of the Mustard Seed - a Column by Debi Wilson.\nMusic therapy has long been known for its healing powers — its use dates back to WWI, where it was used to help with the physical and emotional healing of the wounded. Music can also be of help to those of us with multiple sclerosis.\nAn article from the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, titled “Music Therapy in Multiple Sclerosis” and written by Jenny Asparro who is studying music and neuroscience at St. Olaf College, recognizes that there are many benefits with music therapy. Beyond the obvious calming affects, it can also encourage body movements to a rhythmic beat, and can add many rewards to our lives.\nBody movements that we use during the day are essential to keeping us active and independent. Adding repeated movements together with a melodic sound can improve coordination and concentration. Doing these repetitive actions can also affect endurance, and help create a more level walking gait.\n.\nMusic activates movement, so that the thinking process is bypassed. It is a free action which eliminates overwhelming cognitive upheaval. I found this particular excerpt from Asparro’s article reassuring, “It is almost impossible to fully lose the ability to process music because, unlike speech, it involves so many areas of the brain.”\nAnother benefit of music is improved memory, which would be incredibly helpful to those of us experiencing memory loss. Even though we find it difficult to remember daily tasks, we still retain the ability to be taught and perform physical activities, such as playing musical instruments. These activities help to improve cognitive abilities.\nAnxiety, depression and stress also can receive high benefits from listening to or performing music. It can help you to relax the mind and to deal with emotions you may have concerning your illness or life in general. Also beneficial are music therapy group sessions, since music activates emotions and social connections in the brain.\nVerbal communication is another function that may benefit from music therapy. Words that are hard to verbalize can easily be communicated when put to music. According to Asparro, “Singing can also help with the breath support, pronunciation, and timing needed for speech.”\nFrom my time working as an activity director, I have seen the incredible benefits that music therapy has on patients with disabilities. I have witnessed elderly dementia patients still able to kick and hit a ball to music in an exercise class. I have also seen music’s calming effect on children. Music benefits all ages, it is the universal language. Not only does it connect us to others, it also increases the healing power of our bodies — so relax and enjoy the music!\nNote: Multiple Sclerosis News Today is strictly a news and information website about the disease. It does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. This content is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read on this website. The opinions expressed in this column are not those of Multiple Sclerosis News Today, or its parent company, BioNews Services, and are intended to spark discussion about issues pertaining to multiple sclerosis.\nPrint This Page\nTagged cognitive issues, exercise, multiple sclerosis, music, Music therapy, rhythm.\nPost navigation\nPrevious: #ACTRIMS2017 – MS Patient’s Pick of the Week’s News\nNext:Full Transcript of Interview with Genentech’s Medical Director, Peter Chin, on Ocrevus\n3 comments\nCyndy Gardiner says:\nMarch 6, 2017 at 11:06 AM\nMusic or sound therapy provides health benrfits from the vibratory tones of different notes as energy that heals. Benefits can be derived mentally, emotionally and physically. I found it to be one of the most beneficial blissful and productive Wholistic treatments for MS Ive yet to experience\nReply\nDebi Wilson says:\nMarch 8, 2017 at 11:53 AM\nI totally agree Cyndy! Thanks for your comments!\nReply\nsmarty says:\nMarch 24, 2017 at 2:36 PM\nif you’re really interested in vibratory tones, check out A tuned to 432 hz rather than the usual 440 hz\nReply\nLeave a Comment Cancel reply\nYour email address will not be published. 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Ovarian cysts\nSkip to main content\nFind A Doctor\nMedical Services\nPatients & Visitors\nBilling & Insurance\nInsurance Information\nFinancial Assistance & Charity Care Policy\nMyLoyola\nMedical Records\nSupport Groups\nQuality & Safety\nVisitor Information\nVisiting Hours\nNearby Accommodations\nHealthcare Professionals\nReferrals & Transfers\nLoyolaConnect\nGraduate Medical Education\nStritch School of Medicine\nMarcella Niehoff School of Nursing\nPharmacy Residency Program\nClinical Pastoral Education (CPE)\nNursing Careers\nPhysician Services\nLoyola University Chicago Graduate Schools\nResearch & Clinical Trials\nFind a Clinical Trial\nResearch at Stritch\nResearch at Niehoff\nLocations\nGiving to Loyola\nFind\nSecondary menu\nmyLOYOLA\nPay Your Bill\nContact Us\nGiving\nJobs\nMain Menu\nFind a Doctor\nMedical Services\nResearch & Clinical Trials\nFind a Clinical Trial\nResearch at Stritch\nResearch at Niehoff\nPatients & Visitors\nBilling & Insurance\nInsurance Information\nFinancial Assistance & Charity Care Policy\nMyLoyola\nMedical Records\nSupport Groups\nQuality & Safety\nVisitor Information\nVisiting Hours\nNearby Accommodations\nHealthcare Professionals\nReferrals & Transfers\nLoyolaConnect\nGraduate Medical Education\nStritch School of Medicine\nMarcella Niehoff School of Nursing\nPharmacy Residency Program\nClinical Pastoral Education (CPE)\nNursing Careers\nPhysician Services\nLoyola University Chicago Graduate Schools\nLocations\nBrowse A-Z\nA\nB\nC\nD\nE\nF\nG\nH\nI\nJ\nK\nL\nM\nN\nO\nP\nQ\nR\nS\nT\nU\nV\nW\nX\nY\nZ\n0-9\nPrint-Friendly\nBookmarks\nOvarian cysts\nPhysiologic ovarian cysts; Functional ovarian cysts; Corpus luteum cysts; Follicular cysts\nVisit Loyola Medicine online\nAn ovarian cyst is a sac filled with fluid that forms on or inside an ovary.\nThis article is about cysts that form during your monthly menstrual cycle, called functional cysts. Functional cysts are not the same as cysts caused by cancer or other diseases. The formation of these cysts is a perfectly normal event and is a sign that the ovaries are working well.\nCysts caused by cancer\nOvarian cancer is cancer that starts in the ovaries. The ovaries are the female reproductive organs that produce eggs.\nImage\nRead Article Now Book Mark Article\nCauses\nEach month during your menstrual cycle, a follicle (cyst) grows on your ovary. The follicle is where an egg is developing.\nThe follicle makes the estrogen hormone. This hormone causes normal changes of the uterine lining as the uterus prepares for pregnancy.\nWhen the egg matures, it is released from the follicle. This is called ovulation.\nIf the follicle fails to break open and release an egg, the fluid stays in the follicle and forms a cyst. This is called a follicular cyst.\nCyst\nA cyst is a closed pocket or pouch of tissue. It can be filled with air, fluid, pus, or other material.\nRead Article Now Book Mark Article\nAnother type of cyst occurs after an egg has been released from a follicle. This is called a corpus luteum cyst. This type of cyst may contain a small amount of blood. This cyst releases progesterone and estrogen hormones.\nOvarian cysts are more common in the childbearing years between puberty and menopause. The condition is less common after menopause.\nMenopause\nMenopause is the time in a woman's life when her periods (menstruation) stop. Most often, it is a natural, normal body change that most often occurs...\nImage\nRead Article Now Book Mark Article\nTaking fertility drugs often causes the development of multiple follicles (cysts) in the ovaries. These cysts most often go away after a woman's period, or after a pregnancy.\nFunctional ovarian cysts are not the same as ovarian tumors or cysts due to hormone-related conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome.\nPolycystic ovary syndrome\nPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a condition in which a woman has increased levels of male hormones (androgens). Many problems occur as a result ...\nImage\nRead Article Now Book Mark Article\nSymptoms\nOvarian cysts often cause no symptoms.\nAn ovarian cyst is more likely to cause pain if it:\nBecomes large\nBleeds\nBreaks open\nInterferes with the blood supply to the ovary\nIs bumped during sexual intercourse\nIs twisted or causes twisting (torsion) of the ovary\nSymptoms of ovarian cysts can also include:\nBloating or swelling in the abdomen\nPain during bowel movements\nPain in the pelvis shortly before or after beginning a menstrual period\nPain with intercourse or pelvic pain during movement\nPelvic pain -- constant, dull aching\nSudden and severe pelvic pain, often with nausea and vomiting (may be a sign of torsion or twisting of the ovary on its blood supply, or rupture of a cyst with internal bleeding)\nChanges in menstrual periods are not common with follicular cysts. These are more common with corpus luteum cysts. Spotting or bleeding may occur with some cysts.\nExams and Tests\nYour health care provider may find a cyst during a pelvic exam, or when you have an ultrasound test for another reason.\nUltrasound may be done to detect a cyst. Your provider may want to check you again in 6 to 8 weeks to make sure it is gone.\nOther imaging tests that may be done when needed include:\nCT scan\nCT scan\nA computed tomography (CT) scan is an imaging method that uses x-rays to create pictures of cross-sections of the body. Related tests include:Abdomin...\nImage\nRead Article Now Book Mark Article\nDoppler flow studies\nMRI\nMRI\nA magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan is an imaging test that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to create pictures of the body. It does not us...\nImage\nRead Article Now Book Mark Article\nThe following blood tests may be done:\nCA-125 test, to look for possible cancer if you have an abnormal ultrasound or are in menopause\nCA-125 test\nThe CA-125 blood test measures the level of the protein CA-125 in the blood.\nRead Article Now Book Mark Article\nHormone levels (such as LH, FSH, estradiol, and testosterone)\nLH\nThe LH blood test measures the amount of luteinizing hormone (LH) in blood. LH is a hormone released by the pituitary gland, located on the undersid...\nRead Article Now Book Mark Article\nFSH\nThe follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) blood test measures the level of FSH in blood. FSH is a hormone released by the pituitary gland, located on t...\nRead Article Now Book Mark Article\nEstradiol\nAn estradiol test measures the amount of a hormone called estradiol in the blood. Estradiol is one of the main types of estrogens.\nRead Article Now Book Mark Article\nTestosterone\nA testosterone test measures the amount of the male hormone, testosterone, in the blood. Both men and women produce this hormone. The test described...\nRead Article Now Book Mark Article\nPregnancy test (Serum hCG)\nPregnancy test\nA qualitative HCG blood test checks if there is a hormone called human chorionic gonadotropin in your blood. HCG is a hormone produced in the body d...\nImage\nRead Article Now Book Mark Article\nTreatment\nFunctional ovarian cysts often do not need treatment. They often go away on their own within 8 to 12 weeks.\nIf you have frequent ovarian cysts, your provider may prescribe birth control pills (oral contraceptives). These pills may reduce the risk of developing new cysts. Birth control pills do not decrease the size of current cysts.\nYou may need surgery to remove the cyst or ovary to make sure that it is not ovarian cancer. Surgery is more likely to be needed for:\nComplex ovarian cysts that do not go away\nCysts that are causing symptoms and do not go away\nCysts that are increasing in size\nSimple ovarian cysts that are larger than 10 centimeters\nWomen who are near menopause or past menopause\nTypes of surgery for ovarian cysts include:\nExploratory laparotomy\nExploratory laparotomy\nAbdominal exploration is surgery to look at the organs and structures in your belly area (abdomen). This includes your:AppendixBladderGallbladderIn...\nImage\nRead Article Now Book Mark Article\nPelvic laparoscopy\nLaparoscopy\nDiagnostic laparoscopy is a procedure that allows a doctor to look directly at the contents of the abdomen or pelvis.\nImage\nRead Article Now Book Mark Article\nYou may need other treatments if you have polycystic ovary syndrome or another disorder that can cause cysts.\nOutlook (Prognosis)\nCysts in women who are still having periods are more likely to go away. A complex cyst in a woman who is past menopause has a higher risk of being cancer. Cancer is very unlikely with a simple cyst.\nPossible Complications\nComplications have to do with the condition causing the cysts. Complications can occur with cysts that:\nBleed.\nBreak open.\nShow signs of changes that could be cancer.\nTwist, depending on size of the cyst. Bigger cysts carry a higher risk.\nWhen to Contact a Medical Professional\nCall your provider if:\nYou have symptoms of an ovarian cyst\nYou have severe pain\nYou have bleeding that is not normal for you\nAlso call your provider if you have had following on most days for at least 2 weeks:\nGetting full quickly when eating\nLosing your appetite\nLosing weight without trying\nThese symptoms may indicate ovarian cancer. Studies which encourage women to seek care for possible ovarian cancer symptoms have not shown any benefit. Unfortunately, we do not have any proven means of screening for ovarian cancer.\nPrevention\nIf you are not trying to get pregnant and you often get functional cysts, you can prevent them by taking birth control pills. These pills prevent follicles from growing.\nOpen References\nReferences\nBulun SE. Physiology and pathology of the female reproductive axis. In: Melmed S, Polonsky KS, Larsen PR, Kronenberg HM, eds. Williams Textbook of Endocrinology. 13th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016:chap 17.\nDolan MS, Hill C, Valea FA. Benign gynecologic lesions: vulva, vagina, cervix, uterus, oviduct, ovary, ultrasound imaging of pelvic structures. In: Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, eds. Comprehensive Gynecology. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017:chap 18.\nZagoria RJ, Dyer R, Brady C. The female genital tract. In: Zagoria RJ, Dyer R, Brady C, eds. Genitourinary Imaging: The Requisites. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016:chap 7.\nBACK TO TOP\nAll\nVideo\nImages\nTog\nFemale reproductive anatomy - illustration\nExternal structures of the female reproductive anatomy include the labium minora and majora, the vagina and the clitoris. Internal structures include the uterus, ovaries, and cervix.\nFemale reproductive anatomy\nillustration\nOvarian cysts - illustration\nTypically, ovarian cysts are functional (not disease-related) and usually disappear on their own within 60 days. Oral contraceptives may be prescribed to help establish normal cycles.\nOvarian cysts\nillustration\nUterus - illustration\nThe uterus is a hollow muscular organ located in the female pelvis between the bladder and rectum. The ovaries produce the eggs that travel through the fallopian tubes. Once the egg has left the ovary it can be fertilized and implant itself in the lining of the uterus. The main function of the uterus is to nourish the developing fetus prior to birth.\nUterus\nillustration\nUterine anatomy - illustration\nThe ovaries, the uterine tubes and the urterus of the female reproductive tract.\nUterine anatomy\nillustration\nFemale reproductive anatomy - illustration\nExternal structures of the female reproductive anatomy include the labium minora and majora, the vagina and the clitoris. Internal structures include the uterus, ovaries, and cervix.\nFemale reproductive anatomy\nillustration\nOvarian cysts - illustration\nTypically, ovarian cysts are functional (not disease-related) and usually disappear on their own within 60 days. Oral contraceptives may be prescribed to help establish normal cycles.\nOvarian cysts\nillustration\nUterus - illustration\nThe uterus is a hollow muscular organ located in the female pelvis between the bladder and rectum. The ovaries produce the eggs that travel through the fallopian tubes. Once the egg has left the ovary it can be fertilized and implant itself in the lining of the uterus. The main function of the uterus is to nourish the developing fetus prior to birth.\nUterus\nillustration\nUterine anatomy - illustration\nThe ovaries, the uterine tubes and the urterus of the female reproductive tract.\nUterine anatomy\nillustration\nRelated Information\nCyst\nMenopause\nOvarian cancer\nPolycystic ovary syndrome\nDiagnostic laparoscopy\nAbdominal exploration\nMenopause\nOvarian cancer\nReview Date: 1/14/2018\nReviewed By: John D. Jacobson, MD, Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda Center for Fertility, Loma Linda, CA. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.\nThe information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed medical professional should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. © 1997- A.D.A.M., a business unit of Ebix, Inc. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited.\nA.D.A.M. content is best viewed in IE9 or above, Firefox and Google Chrome browser.\nContent is best viewed in IE9 or above, Firefox and Google Chrome browser.\nAbout Us\nAbout Loyola Medicine\nBoard of Directors\nClinical Leadership Council\nCommunity Benefits\nEvents\nGiving to Loyola\nLearn about Loyola Medicine\nMission Statement\nOur Jesuit Mission & Identity\nSenior Leadership Group\nVolunteer Services\nSee Also\nGottlieb Memorial Hospital\nLUC Stritch School of Medicine\nMarcella Niehoff School of Nursing\nLoyola University Chicago\nEmployee Portal\nHealth Library\nConnect with Us\nFacebook\nTwitter\nYouTube\nLinkedin\nRequest an Appointment\nContact Us\nCopyright © 2015 Loyola University Health System. 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Sumatriptan is a Specific and selective agonist of 5-HT1-serotonin receptors localized mainly in blood vessels of the brain. Migraine headaches are believed to be stipulated by widening of blood vessels in the brain. Sumatriptan causes vasoconstriction of the carotid arterial bed which provides extracranial and intracranial tissues with blood without a significant impact on cerebral blood flow. It also inhibits activity of receptor which are responsible for transmission of pain signals by nerves to the brain.\nDosage and direction\nTreatment with Sumatripan should be done just before the starting of a migraine attack. Recommended oral dose of adults is 25-50 mg, the dose maybe increased up to 100 mg if necessary. The medication is effective at any stage of the attack but if it does not help during the attack additional dose should not be taken. Treatment with Sumatriptan should be continued to prevent the next attack. Tablet of Sumatriptan should be swallowed whole, take it with a big glass of water. Usual intranasal dose of 5-20 mg may be increased to the maximum dose of 40 mg daily.\nPrecautions\nSumatriptan is used only to treat an acute, classic migraine attack or a cluster headache, it should not be used for treatment of certain unusual types of migraine. Patients with uncontrolled high blood pressure should not use Sumatriptan.\nContraindications\nHypersensitivity, basal, ophtalmoplegic, hemiplegic forms of migraine, ischemic heart disease (including suspected it), angina (including angina Printsmetala), myocardial infarction (also in history), hypertension, peripheral arterial occlusive disease, stroke or transient cerebrovascular accident (also in history), liver and kidney failure. Cautiousness should be exercised in patients with epilepsy (including any condition with low epileptic threshold), hypertension, pregnancy, breastfeeding, in infants and adolescents (younger than 18 y.o.), in patients older than 65 y.o.; simultaneous intake of medications which contain ergotamine and its derivatives, MAO inhibitors, and also during the period of 14 days after their cancellation.\nPossible side effect\nThis medication is usually well tolerated and adverse reactions are not expected. Most frequent side effects include pain or tightness in the chest or throat, tingling, flushing, weakness, dizziness, abdominal discomfort, sweating, nasal irritation, and injection site reactions. Allergic reactions as adverse reactions of organism to Sumatriptan are also possible.\nDrug interaction\nCo-administration with ergotamine and medications containing ergotamin may develop a continued spasm of blood vessels (the interval between administration of these medications must be at least 24 h). Interaction of Sumatriptan and MAO inhibitors (isocarboxazid (Marplan), phenelzine (Nardil), tranylcypromine (Parnate), and procarbazine (Matulane)) is also possible resulting in increased concentration of Sumatriptan. 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Inform your health care advisor immediately about your condition nor seek for emergency medical help.\nStorage\nStore this medication at a temperature of 2-30 C (36-86 F) in a tight container resistant to light and moisture.\nDisclaimer\nWe provide only general information about medications which does not cover all directions, possible drug integrations, or precautions. Information at the site cannot be used for self-treatment and self-diagnosis. Any specific instructions for a particular patient should be agreed with your health care adviser or doctor in charge of the case. We disclaim reliability of this information and mistakes it could contain. We are not responsible for any direct, indirect, special or other indirect damage as a result of any use of the information on this site and also for consequences of self-treatment.\nCategories List\nBestsellers\nAllergy\nAnti Fungal\nAnti Viral\nAnti-Depressants\nAntibacterial\nAntibiotics\nArthritis\nAsthma\nBirth Control\nBlood Pressure\nCancer\nCardiovascular\nCholesterol\nDiabetes\nDiuretics\nErectile Dysfunction\nEye Drop\nGastro Health\nGeneral Health\nHair Loss\nHepatitis C Virus (HCV)\nHerbals\nHIV\nHormones\nMen's ED Packs\nMen's Health\nMental Illness\nMotion Sickness\nMuscle Relaxant\nPain Relief\nQuit Smoking\nSkin Care\nSleeping Aids\nWeight Loss\nWomen's Health\nBest offer today\nED Super Advanced Pack\nED Advanced Pack - the ultimate combo with 10 pills each of Viagra 100mg, Cialis 10mg and Levitra 20mg.\nBuy via app in one click\nLearn More\nSecure purchase.\nAnonymity and confidentiality\nLearn More\nHome\nOrder Status\nFAQ\nContact Us\nAbout Us\nOur Policy\nTerms & Conditions\nTestimonials\nSitemap\nHome\nOrder Status\nFAQ\nContact Us\nAbout Us\nOur Policy\nTerms & Conditions\nTestimonials\nPayment Options\nSecure Payment Process\nSubscribe to the news\nYou have subscribed successfully.\nThis field is required.\nPlease enter a valid email address.\nShipping Methods\nSocial Bookmarks\n© Copyright fda-approved-rx.biz\t. 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Effects of exercise and manual therapy on pain associated with hip osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. – Physiospot – Physiotherapy and Physical Therapy in the Spotlight\nToggle navigation\noPhysiospot\noPhysiospot\nAbout\nNews\nContribute\nCourses\nShop\nContact\nSearch\nSearch\nSearch\noPhysiospot\nAbout\nNews\nContribute\nCourses\nShop\nContact\np o +\nResearch\nAuthor\nShare\nHome\nNews\nPhysiopedia\nPhysioplus\nResearch\nInterviews\nReviews\nPartners\nVoices\nScott Buxton\nFollow Scott Buxton\nScott is editor of Physiospot so expect to see his work popping up frequently. Away from the keyboard he is a physiotherapist specialising in geriatrics.\nRead more by Scott Buxton\nEffects of exercise and manual therapy on pain associated with hip osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.\nPosted on January 6, 2016 January 5, 2016 by Scott Buxton\nThe aim of this study was to explore the effects of exercise (water-based or land-based) and/or manual therapies on pain in adults with clinically and/or radiographically diagnosed hip osteoarthritis (OA). A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed, with patient reported pain assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS) or the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) pain subscale. Data were grouped by follow-up time (0-3 months=short term; 4-12 months=medium term and; >12 months=long term), and standardised mean differences (SMD) with 95% CIs were used to establish intervention effect sizes. Study quality was assessed using modified PEDro scores. 19 trials were included. Four studies showed short-term benefits favouring water-based exercise over minimal control using the WOMAC pain subscale (SMD -0.53, 95% CI -0.96 to -0.10). Six studies supported a short-term benefit of land-based exercise compared to minimal control on VAS assessed pain (SMD -0.49, 95% CI -0.70 to -0.29). There were no medium (SMD -0.23, 95% CI -0.48 to 0.03) or long (SMD -0.22, 95% CI -0.51 to 0.06) term benefits of exercise therapy, or benefit of combining exercise therapy with manual therapy (SMD -0.38, 95% CI -0.88 to 0.13) when compared to minimal control.\nBest available evidence indicates that exercise therapy (whether land-based or water-based) is more effective than minimal control in managing pain associated with hip OA in the short term. Larger high-quality RCTs are needed to establish the effectiveness of exercise and manual therapies in the medium and long term.\nBeumer L, Wong J, Warden S, Kemp J, Foster P, Crossley K. Effects of exercise and manual therapy on pain associated with hip osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 2015;:bjsports-2015-095255.\nRead more in Physiopedia about Hip, Hip Osteoarthritis, Hip Mobilizations and Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score\nPhysical activity programme\nA series of five online courses that comprehensively explore physical activity and the related role of physiotherapy / physical therapy\nMore info.\nLearn more\nData About Terms Privacy Cookies Contact\nPhysioplus Ltd is a private limited company registered in England & Wales no. 07878211\nCopyright © 2019 Physioplus\nBack to top\nWe use cookies to enhance your user experience. Cookie Policy OK | 2019-04-24T06:22:50Z | "https://www.physiospot.com/research/effects-of-exercise-and-manual-therapy-on-pain-associated-with-hip-osteoarthritis-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis/" | www.physiospot.com | 1 | 5 | 1 |
Exercising and arthritis - myDr.com.au\nToggle navigation\nNews\nConditions\nConditions\nADHD\nAllergic rhinitis\nAlzheimer's disease\nAnxiety\nArthritis\nAsthma\nAutism\nBowel cancer\nBreast cancer\nCancer\nChesty coughs\nChickenpox\nChlamydia\nCholesterol\nCoeliac disease\nCommon cold\nConstipation\nCOPD\nDepression\nDiabetes\nDiverticulitis\nEpilepsy\nFatty liver\nFibromyalgia\nGenital herpes\nGORD (reflux)\nGout\nHaemorrhoids\nHair loss\nHeart attack\nHepatitis\nHiatus hernia\nHigh blood pressure\nHIV and AIDS\nImpotence\nMenopause\nMigraine\nNeuropathic pain\nOsteoporosis\nPain\nPeptic ulcers\nPneumonia\nProstate cancer\nScabies\nSchizophrenia\nSciatica\nShingles\nSinusitis\nSkin cancer\nStroke\nThyroid gland disorders\nUrticaria (hives)\nVaginal thrush\nVasectomy\nVertigo\nVulval problems\nWhooping cough\nMedicines\nMedicines\nAugmentin\nAvil\nChlorsig\nDaklinza\nDuromine\nEndep\nEndone\nHarvoni\nLevlen\nLyrica\nMersyndol\nMetrogyl\nPanadeine Forte\nPanefcortelone\nPrimolut\nRestavit\nSovaldi\nStemetil\nViagra\nZentel\nFind a Medicine\nMedicines Centre\nSymptoms\nSymptoms\nBack pain\nChildhood rashes\nCommon cold\nDepression\nFever\nFibromyalgia\nHeart attack\nHeel pain\nHerpes\nLeg ache\nLeg cramps\nSciatica\nShingles\nStroke\nVaginal thrush\nVertigo\nMore symptoms\nLifestyle\nHealthy Lifestyle\nAddictions\nAlcohol\nCholesterol\nExercise\nHealthy eating\nHealthy Weight\nHeart health\nImmunisation\nSleep\nSmoking\nStress\nHealth Centres\nNutrition & Weight\nSports & Fitness\nTools\nMedical Dictionary\nMedical Dictionary\nHealth Tools\nBaby Due Date Calculator\nBasal Metabolic Rate Calculator\nBody Mass Index (BMI) Calculator\nCalories Burned Calculator\nChild Energy Requirements Calculator\nDaily Calcium Requirements Calculator\nDaily Fibre Requirements Calculator\nIdeal Weight Calculator\nInfectious Diseases Exclusion Periods Tool\nOvulation Calculator\nSmoking Cost Calculator\nTarget Heart Rate Calculator\nWaist-to-hip Ratio Calculator\nRisk Tests\nDepression Self-Assessment\nErectile Dysfunction Tool\nMacular Degeneration Tool\nOsteoporosis Risk Test\nProstate Symptoms Self-Assessment\nArthritis\nExercising and arthritis\nExercising and arthritis\nYes, people with arthritis should exercise. Whilst exercising may seem counter-intuitive when you are suffering from arthritis and have knee, hip or other joint pain, it can be more helpful than resting.\nPeople with arthritis who exercise regularly have reduced joint pain and stiffness and increased flexibility, strength and endurance. Exercise can also help in weight control, which can reduce the risk of further wear and tear on your joints and reduce joint-damaging inflammation.\nOsteoarthritis occurs when the cartilage covering the bony surfaces of joints breaks down or when spurs (osteophytes) develop on the edges of the end of the bone. In addition to this physical degeneration of the joints caused by wear and tear, emerging research is showing that in overweight or obese people, an inflammatory process is also at work. Scientists have shown that fat cells release inflammatory chemicals which may also be involved in attacking the cartilage and damaging it.\nOsteoarthritis affects only joints and not internal organs. Most affected are the weight-bearing joints such as the spine, hips, knees and feet. People with osteoarthritis usually have joint pain and limited movement.\nOsteoarthritis can rob you of mobility and flexibility and can add up to a reduced quality of life, which is why it’s important to keep exercising to support your joints.\nWhat are the benefits of exercise if you have osteoarthritis?\nExercise can help people with arthritis in many ways. In fact, doctors have gone so far as to say that exercise is a crucial component of treating osteoarthritis. Some of the ways that exercise can help symptoms of osteoarthritis are to:\nStrengthen the muscles supporting your joints. Stronger muscles improve stability of the joint and also reduce some of the load on a joint. For example, weak quadriceps muscles (thigh muscles) have been shown to be a risk for developing osteoarthritis of the knee. Exercises to strengthen your thigh muscles protect the joint and help prevent your knee from giving way.\nImprove range of motion of a joint. Exercises to improve range of motion get the joints moving and improve stiffness. Improved flexibility leads to better posture and blood flow to a joint.\nIncrease energy. Regular aerobic exercise can improve a person’s energy levels.\nReduce pain. Strengthening exercises for muscles supporting joints have been shown to reduce pain. Aerobic exercise can release endorphins – the body’s natural pain relieving chemicals.\nReduce stiffness in joints. Range of motion exercises done in the morning can reduce stiffness that builds up overnight.\nImprove balance. Often in people with arthritis their posture is affected and they don’t have such good sense of body position – this can result in reduced balance and a risk of falling. Exercises that can help improve balance include tai chi, yoga and pilates.\nWeight control. A combination of aerobic and strengthening exercise can help with weight control, which helps to limit damage to joints from load bearing and from inflammation.\nRemember to exercise the whole body, not just the muscles around the affected joint.\nWhat kind of exercise is good for arthritis?\nFour main types of exercise are recommended as being beneficial for people with arthritis.\nExercises that will help keep your joints moving (range of motion exercises)\nExercises that will keep and improve muscle strength (strength training)\nExercises that will maintain your general health and fitness (aerobic exercise)\nExercise that improves your body awareness.\nRange of motion exercises\nRange of motion exercises improve flexibility and can be done every day. They help to lubricate your joints and maintain their mobility. If you suffer from arthritis pain you may tend to restrict movement in an effort to avoid pain, but this is not a good move in the long term, leading to shortened muscles and reduced mobility.\nExamples of range of motion exercises are shoulder rolls, ankle circles and neck bends. Pilates and Tai Chi both have range of motion exercises in their repertoire.\nStrength training exercises\nStrength training exercises can be carried out using resistance bands such as TheraBands, free weights (e.g. dumbbells), ankle strap weights, your own body weight or machines in the gym. Strength training leads to stronger muscles which will support your joints better and stabilise the joint more than weak muscles.\nStrength training exercises are generally done 2-3 times a week, so as not to exercise the same muscle group 2 days in a row. Examples of strength training exercises are bicep curls and wall squats.\nAerobic exercise\nAerobic exercise should be of the low-impact variety, so as not to cause problems for your joints. This includes walking, cycling, swimming, dance, aqua aerobics, or using a treadmill or elliptical trainer. Aerobic exercise can improve sleep, reduce pain, improve your mood and give you more energy. Avoid rapid repetitive movements of the painful joint, at least to start with.\nExercising in warm water is a helpful way for people with arthritis to exercise while the joints are supported. An added bonus is that the warm water (hydrotherapy pools are generally at 34 degrees Celsius) can relieve joint pain. Some hydrotherapy pools have sloping steps or a ramp to make it easier to enter and leave the pool. Arthritis organisations in most Australian States offer warm water exercise classes for people with arthritis and musculoskeletal conditions or can point you in the direction of local hospital or community hydrotherapy pools.\nAll Australians are recommended to do at least 30 minutes of physical activity on most days of the week. This can be broken up into shorter sessions.\nBody awareness exercise\nExercises that improve body awareness and awareness of the position of joints, such as pilates, yoga or tai chi can improve balance, lessen the risk of falling, improve posture and promote relaxation.\nHow to start exercising if you have arthritis\nIf you have arthritis, discuss exercise options with your doctor, rheumatologist or physiotherapist. There are different types of arthritis and what is helpful for one type may be a hindrance for another. Your doctor or physio should be able to advise you what sport or exercises you can do, and what you can’t.\nAppropriate exercise can depend on a number of factors to do with your joints, such as which ones are affected, their stability and whether you have had joint replacement surgery. Also, if your joints have flared up and are swollen and inflamed they will be able to advise you on an exercise plan that doesn’t irritate your joints further.\nYou may be referred to a physiotherapist who has experience with people who have arthritis. A special exercise programme can then be designed for you including information on pain relief, the mechanics of lifting and protection of your joints.\nYou will need to start slowly if you haven’t been active for a while.\nWhat if my arthritis pain gets worse after exercising?\nIf you are starting to exercise after not being active for some time, you may experience some pain after a session. Two hours seems to be the agreed ‘pain limit’. If pain caused by your exercise lasts longer than that, it’s too much. If you notice any of the following, check with your doctor or therapist to modify your programme.\nAfter exercising, the pain lasts longer than one to 2 hours.\nIncreased joint swelling.\nUnusual or persistent fatigue.\nIncreased feeling of weakness.\nDecreased range of motion (flexibility).\nWarning\nWhatever activity you choose, always start off gently and remember that regular exercise is better than overdoing it every once in a while. Always warm up before exercising, and try to find the most beneficial level at which you can exercise without causing pain. Use common sense to balance rest and activity.\nMobility: use it or lose it\nIf you’re thinking that nothing will make you move those painful, stiff joints, consider this: gentle, regular exercise will result in less pain due to more flexibility, you’ll have greater strength and endurance, a better mood and outlook, you’ll get a better night’s sleep, maintain weight and, as a bonus, have a healthier heart.\nAbove all, be realistic: you may not be able to climb mountains or begin training for the Olympics, but taking a relaxing walk in the park might be just what you need.\nIf you're suffering from arthritis pain, the last thing you may want to do is exercise. But studies have shown that exercise can reduce joint pain and stiffness and increase flexibility, strength and endurance.\nBut before you go out and join a gym or enter a triathlon, discuss a planned programme with your doctor.\nTo begin, though, some simple stretching exercises will help keep your joints moving, particularly those joints that are affected by arthritis. These involve gentle bending and straightening and should improve your flexibility.\nYou should try these every 2 days, although you can do them every day, but take it slowly. One to 2 hours seems to be the agreed ‘pain limit’ for pain to last after exercise, and if it's any longer than that, check with your doctor.\nBasic exercises\nNeck bend\nNeck turn\nShoulder circles\nForward arm lift\nElbow bend\nWrist bend\nFinger tuck\nFinger touch\nSide bend\nHip swing\nHamstring stretch\nAnkle circles\nFoot roll\nNeck bend\nMake sure that your head is centred. Now, keeping your eyes straight ahead, lower your head towards your left shoulder, then back to the centre. Repeat slowly to the right side, and then bring your head back up to the centre, all the time keeping your eyes straight ahead.\nNeck turn\nMake sure your head is centred. Slowly and gently, turn your head to the left and look over your shoulder. Don't strain, go as far as you can without too much discomfort. Then turn your head to the right and look over your right shoulder, and then back to the centre.\nShoulder circles\nRelax your shoulders and arms. Let your arms hang at your side. Slowly roll your left shoulder forward, then down and around to complete a circle, first clockwise, then anti-clockwise. Repeat with your right shoulder. Then do both shoulders together.\nForward arm lift\nRelax shoulders and arms. Let your arms hang at your side. Slowly lift your arms up and back towards your head as far as you can without pain, keeping them straight at the elbow. Now lower gently back down to your sides.\nElbow bend\nRelax shoulders and arms. Let your arms hang at your side. Very slowly and gently, raise your forearm to the front, bending at the elbow until your hand touches your shoulder. Lower back to your side. Repeat with the other arm.\nWrist bend\nRelax shoulders and arms. Let your arms hang at your side. Slowly bring your left arm up, bending it at the elbow and keeping your elbow tucked into your side until it is horizontal to the floor. Hold the top of your forearm with your other hand to keep it steady. Bending at the wrist, bring your hand toward you, then away from you (a slow, stretching wave movement). Repeat with the right arm.\nFinger tuck\nHolding your hand up, with fingers straight as if it were pointing to 12 o'clock, slowly and gently bend your fingers only, as though you were waving only with your fingers. Then slowly bend the fingertips down, tucking them into the hand. Then back open again. Repeat with the other hand.\nFinger touch\nUsing your other hand to keep your wrist steady, form the letter ‘O’ by touching your index fingertip with your thumb. Repeat with each finger, then repeat with the other hand.\nSide bend\nMake sure that your head is centred. Now, keeping your eyes straight ahead, stand with your feet apart. Bring your right arm up and over your head to the left. Lean into the exercise, letting your left hand slide down your left leg. Then back to the centre and repeat with your left arm. Try not to lean forward or let your head move forward.\nHip swing\nFor this one, use a chair or handrail to keep you steady. Holding lightly onto the back of the chair, slowly swing one leg forward, back to the centre and then towards the back. Try to make the movement come from the hip and not the knee. Try to keep your back straight. Repeat with the other leg.\nHamstring stretch\nYou'll need to sit down for this one. Bring yourself forward until you are sitting on the edge of your chair, then straighten your leg and prop your heel either on the floor or on another chair. Slowly, stretch forward from the waist keeping your back straight, until you feel a gentle tug along the back of your leg. Hold the position for about 15 seconds to half a minute, and then repeat with the other leg.\nAnkle circles\nFor this one, sit up straight in a chair, lift your leg and straighten it. Slowly draw a forward, then a backward circle in the air with your toe. Repeat with the other leg.\nFoot roll\nYou can do this one sitting down or standing up. If you are standing up, make sure you hold on to something, such as the back of a chair, for balance. You can use a small, rolled up towel or something similar. Place it under the arch of your foot and slowly roll backwards and forwards.\nLast Reviewed: 18 September 2016\nmyDr\nReferences\n1. American College of Rheumatology. Exercise and arthritis. Reviewed April 2015. http://www.rheumatology.org/I-Am-A/Patient-Caregiver/Diseases-Conditions/Living-Well-with-Rheumatic-Disease/Exercise-and-Arthritis (Accessed Sept 2016).\n2. Mayo Clinic. Exercise helps ease arthritis pain and stiffness. http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/arthritis/in-depth/arthritis/art-20047971 Reviewed Jan 2016. (Accessed Sept 2016).\n3. Arthritis Australia. Strength training. http://www.arthritisaustralia.com.au/images/stories/documents/info_sheets/2016/Final_ArthAus_StrengthTraining2705.pdf (accessed Sept 2016).\n4. Arthritis Australia. Water exercise. http://www.arthritisaustralia.com.au/images/stories/documents/info_sheets/2015/General%20management/Waterexercise.pdf (accessed Sept 2016).\n5. Arthritis Research UK. E
ercise for osteoarthritis. http://www.arthritisresearchuk.org/arthritis-information/conditions/osteoarthritis/what-can-i-do-to-help-myself/exercise-for-osteoarthritis.aspx (accessed Sept 2016).\nmyDr\nmyDr provides comprehensive Australian health and medical information, images and tools covering symptoms, diseases, tests, medicines and treatments, and nutrition and fitness.\nRelated Articles\nArthritis: physical therapies\nPhysical therapies, such as physiotherapy, low-level laser therapy and acupuncture, are offered as w\nArthritis: aids and equipment to help\nFind out how home care and lifestyle aids can help people with arthritis maintain their independence\nAdvertisement\nMedicine Finder\nLatest News\nVideo: All it takes is 5 nights of bad sleep\nVideo: Poor diet responsible for 1 in 5 deaths\nVideo: Flu awareness\nVideo: Measles - global outbreak\nVideo: Private Health Insurance reforms\nVideo: Parkinson's disease awareness\nThis web site is intended for Australian residents and is not a substitute for independent professional advice. Information and interactions contained in this Web site are for information purposes only and are not intended to be used to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. Further, the accuracy, currency and completeness of the information available on this Web site cannot be guaranteed. Tonic Digital Media Pty Ltd, its affiliates and their respective servants and agents do not accept any liability for any injury, loss or damage incurred by use of or reliance on the information made available via or through myDr whether arising from negligence or otherwise. See Privacy Policy and Disclaimer.\n2001-2019 myDr.com.au © | All Rights Reserved\nAbout Us\nContact Us\nDisclaimer\nPrivacy Policy\nAdvertising Policy\nSitemap | 2019-04-20T02:54:05Z | "https://www.mydr.com.au/arthritis/exercising-and-arthritis" | www.mydr.com.au | 1 | 6 | 1 |
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When you stack two or more nootropics, you typically increase the overall benefits. One of the best stacks for both beginners and more advanced users, is caffeine and L-Theanine. This combination is already naturally found in green tea.\nSince caffeine is associated with jitters and an energy crash, L-Theanine helps balance out these effects. The benefits experienced from taking L-Theanine, is now being incorporated into caffeine stacks. This enhances desirable effects, while counteracting potential side-effects.\nIf you’re looking to enhance mental energy and your ability to focus, then this stack is a great choice. It’s a great way to become more familiar with the nootropic community. After you are comfortable with this stack, you can explore other options.\n#1\ntrusted\nseller\nL-Theanine\n-1+\n$15.49 per bottle\nIncreases dopamine and improves mood\nNaturally boosts focus, memory & brain health\nHelps to reduce stress and anxiety\nproduct rating:\nbuy now learn more\nWhat Exactly Is L-Theanine?\nL-Theanine is an amino acid that is found in tea leaves and various mushrooms. It can effectively cross the blood-brain barrier, creating positive effects on the brain. Once in the brain, it helps stimulate the production of certain neurotransmitters, such as L-Glutamine.\nIt also increases GABA production, which helps decrease stress levels, creating a more calm sense of self. At lower doses, L-Theanine can help improve your ability to focus. When taken in larger doses, it can help you increase calming effects. This is why L-Theanine is of great interest to individuals that suffer from anxiety and depression.\nUsers typically like L-Theanine, becomes it’s a more natural supplement. It helps boost levels of serotonin and dopamine as well. Not only is used for cognitive purposes, but it also benefits one’s immune system. Due to it’s overall effects on one’s health, it is a great addition to many stacks.\nHow Does L-Theanine Benefit the Effects of Caffeine?\nWhen L-Theanine and caffeine are taken together, they increase the benefits of one another. Many of the undesirable effects of caffeine, are counteracted by L-Theanine’s inhibitory properties. When taken together, users are able to rest, maintain their attention span, reduce jitters, and control hyperactive energy.\nThis stack helps improve one’s visual acuity, mental focus, alertness, muscle dexterity, reaction times, memory recall, and more. These amplified benefits are due to this effective stack. When taken together, they provide twice as many positive results.\nAre There Any Safety Concerns?\nWhen caffeine is consumed in large doses, it does create some undesirable effects. Too much caffeine can disrupt sleeping patterns, while increasing your risk of cardiac arrhythmias. You can also experience feelings of nausea and diarrhea. Although these effects tend to dissipate after a few hours, they’re not desirable.\nWhen L-Theanine is introduced to the mix, it helps eliminate these effects. L-Theanine itself does not have any major side-effects. When combined with caffeine, it decreases the severity of caffeine’s side-effects. Since L-Theanine is water soluble, the body simply eliminates whatever it doesn’t need. This means that no toxicity will occur.\nWhenever you begin taking a new nootropic, it’s important to start with low doses. You’ll want to see how your body reacts. Once you’re familiar with your body’s reaction, you can increase the dosage. Start with a 1:1 ratio of caffeine and L-Theanine. Then, gradually increase the amount of L-Theanine.\nWhat’s the Best Possible Dosage?\nOn average, the most common dose for this stack is a 2:1 ratio. Consume two parts L-Theanine and one part caffeine. Some users have experienced great success at a 4:1 ratio. These users consume 400 mg of L-Theanine and 100 milligrams of caffeine. One cup of coffee generally has about 100 mg of caffeine.\nAs mentioned above, it’s important to get familiar with the way your body personally reacts. If you drink coffee on a regular basis, you may have already developed a tolerance. It’s important that you keep your caffeine doses below 400 mg in one day.\nAim between 50 mg and 400 g daily, when taken with L-Theanine. If you take more, you increase your risk of complications. You could affect you heartbeat and interfere with your regular sleeping patterns. Getting enough sleep is essential for your overall health.\nIf you’re already a coffee drinker, try reducing your intake over the course of two weeks. Then when you introduce L-Theanine, you will experience the best effects. As always, speak with your healthcare provider if you have any concerns.\nWhat Other Stacks Are Effective?\nYou’re not just limited to caffeine and L-Theanine in terms of beneficial stacks. As mentioned, caffeine and L-Theanine are great for beginners. If you’re looking for something more advanced, then you can try one of the following stacks:\nPiracetam, Oxiracetam, and Aniracetam\nThis stack is known as PAO, as it incorporates three nootropics from the racetams family. All of the options increase your mental performance, however they each provide a unique benefit. Piracetam improves learning and memory; Aniracetam boosts mood; and Oxiracetam increases your processing power.\nMost of the time, users only take one of these options. Taking all three can increase the benefits that are experienced. To counteract potential side-effects (such as headaches), add a choline supplement to this stack. This will help increase acetylcholine levels.\nNoopept and Citicoline\nThis stack is great in terms of value. The effects experienced, are provided at a low cost. Purchasing Noopept may seem more expensive, but it’s very cheap in terms of a single dose. This is because Noopept is approximately 1000 times stronger than Piracetam. Adding Citicoline to this stack, helps boost acetylcholine levels as discussed above.\nThe Benefits of L-Theanine Nootropic\nLearn More\nAdded November 1, 2014 in L-Theanine\nWhat Is L-Theanine? How Does it Work?\nL-Theanine is derived from tea leaves. It is an amino acid, which was discovered in 1949. In 1950, it was first derived from gyokuro leaves, as they have a high theanine content. The chemical structure of L-Theanine is very similar to tryptophan (which is an essential amino acid).\nOnce consumed, it crosses the blood-brain barrier. Within the brain tissue, it targets neurotransmitters. These neurotransmitters regulate stress, pleasure, attention, and arousal. GABA for instance, helps create a sense of calmness, reducing feelings of anxiety.\nGABA essentially stops neurons from over-firing. This is what creates a feeling of relaxation. Taking a L-Theanine supplement also helps produce the neurotransmitter serotonin, which helps control sleep patterns and mood. Dopamine is also affected, making us feel good.\n#1\ntrusted\nseller\nL-Theanine\n-1+\n$15.49 per bottle\nIncreases dopamine and improves mood\nNaturally boosts focus, memory & brain health\nHelps to reduce stress and anxiety\nproduct rating:\nbuy now learn more\nThe Benefits of L-Theanine\nThere are a wide variety of benefits regarding L-Theanine supplementation. It improves mood, positively affects focus and mental performance, and eases symptoms of anxiety and depression. L-Theanine combines all the best qualities of nootropics, as it’s a great addition to an daily wellness regimen.\nMental Benefits\nThe most powerful effects of L-Theanine are produced by limiting specific neurotransmitters, which cause stress and hinder mental clarity. As mentioned, GABA is produced, calming the body and mind. This is achieved by blocking parts of the brain that receive messages regarding stress.\nL-Theanine also blocks L-glutamic acid, not allowing it to bind to glutamate receptors. This reduces our ‘fight or flight’ reaction. This is an innate ability, allowing us to choose the best option in a stressful situation. It is deeply rooted in our ancestors, as they were exposed to danger on a regular basis.\nSince glutamic acid is known as an excitatory chemical, it has been linked to seizures. When this neurotransmitter is less stimulated, feelings of calmness increase Basically, it has the ability to calm the mind, avoiding over-excitement and stimulation.\nPhysical Benefits\nOur mental health is linked to our physical health. Heart and brain health go hand-in-hand. The benefits experienced within the mind, are also experienced throughout the rest of your body. Mental focus and muscle function are linked. This is seen within basketball players, as they’re able to coordinate muscles and movement with mental focus.\nL-Theanine also lowers one’s heart rate, reducing blood pressure. This improves overall circulation, which is beneficial to many internal systems. When this circulation increases, it has been shown to positively affect lung capacity and arthritis pain.\nBenefits for Focus and Creativity\nOur brain’s produce natural alpha waves. These waves are electrical frequencies, which tend to accompany periods of creativity and mental focus. L-Theanine increases the generation of alpha waves, leaving users feeling inspired and productive.\nSimilar effects have been seen within Modafinil use. This drug is generally known under the name Provigil. It is considered to be safe, however most people prefer L-Theanine. This is because it is a natural supplement, being more gentle in comparison.\nWhat are the Side-Effects?\nL-Theanine does not have any significant side-effects. It does not cause headaches, withdrawal effects, confusion, or any other associated effect. There hasn’t been a case recorded regarding L-Theanine overdose. This is no surprise, as this compound has been ingested for thousands of years.\nSome individuals are sensitive to green tea in terms of their stomach. If this is the case, it’s best for you to supplement; ingesting capsules orally. Finding the right dose for you can take some time. Like any supplement, it’s best to start with a low dose.\nYou can gradually increase your dose over time. Most people find that 50 mg daily is the minimum dose required. A common dosage is 200 mg per day, but some take up to 400 mg. Tolerance has not been recorded as an issue. In fact, nootropics are known to produce less tolerance in comparison to pharmaceuticals.\nL-Theanine and Caffeine in a Stack\nThe combination of L-Theanine and caffeine is a popular stack. L-Theanine and caffeine are commonly consumed within green tea. Unlike coffee, green tea does not create hyperactivity, followed by a crash. This is why these two balance one another so well.\nWhen this combination is used, the benefits of each supplement are amplified. The drawbacks of caffeine (jitters for example) are eliminated when consumed with L-Theanine. This is due to its relaxing, calming effects.\nTaking this stack for cognition is beneficial. It is said to increase mental focus, alertness, reaction time, memory recall, attention, and visual acuity. This stack is most beneficial when taken as follows: 2 parts L-Theanine and 1 part caffeine.\nHowever, some even use as much as 4 parts L-Theanine to 1 part caffeine. A popular dose is 400 mg of L-Theanine and 100 mg of caffeine. A standard cup of coffee has approximately 100 mg of caffeine. If you’re an experienced coffee drinker, you may have a slight tolerance.\nIf this is the case, you can increase your caffeine dose. However, do not exceed 300 mg daily. At high doses, you can affect your heart rate. Like any supplement, speak with your doctor if you have any questions of concerns.\n#1\nLearn More\nBest Selling Nootropic\nBest Memory Boosters\n#1\nNoopept\nLearn More\n#2\nAniracetam\nLearn More\n#3\nPiracetam\nLearn More\n#1\nLearn More\nRated Brain Supplement\nBest Focus Supplements\n#1\nAdrafinil\nLearn More\n#2\nSulbutiamine\nLearn More\n#3\nPramiracetam\nLearn More\nBest Mood Enhancers\n#1\nAniracetam\nLearn More\n#2\n5-HTP\nLearn More\n#3\nPhenibut\nLearn More\nNootropics Menu\nHome\nAbout Us\nAlpha Brain Review\nAnxiolytics\nL-Theanine\nPhenibut\nSulbutiamine\nCholinergics\nAcetyl-L-Carnitine\nAlpha-GPC\nCentrophenoxine\nCiticoline\nPyritinol\nCognitive Enhancers & Memory Enhancement\nHow Do Nootropics Work?\nMood Enhancers\nNootropic Stacks\nPDF References\nRacetams\nAniracetam\nOxiracetam\nPhenylpiracetam\nPiracetam\nPramiracetam\nSmart Drugs\nAdrafinil\nModafinil\nNoopept\nSunifiram\nTypes of Nootropics\nKratom\nMalay Kratom\nMaeng Da Kratom\nHorned Kratom\nBorneo Kratom\nBali Kratom\nArticle Categories\n5-HTP\nAdderall\nADHD\nAlpha
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Later life — Heidi Sanders\nIntroduction\nOverview\nAbout Heidi\nHome testimonial\nHome\nTreatment\nPractices\nPricing\nAbout me\nInspiration\nContact\nIntroduction\nOverview\nAbout Heidi\nHome testimonial\nHome\nTreatment\nPractices\nPricing\nAbout me\nInspiration\nContact\nLater life\nSupporting Health in Later Life\nThere are many changes that we may experience physically, mentally and emotionally as we approach our later years, and the use of plant aromatics is a wonderful way of providing support during this evolutionary time in our lives.\nWe may experience journeying through the menopause where the use of hormonal balancing oils such as Geranium can support these changes and help alleviate symptoms. Suffers of hypertension (high blood pressure) would benefit from the use of oils such as Ylang ylang, Neroli, Frankincense and Clary sage.\nEssential oils also have the potential to be very useful with suffers of dementia and Alzheimer’s, particularly regarding mood and emotional behaviour, by supporting memory cognition, reducing anxiety and depression and promoting a calm, positive mood.\nAs with children when treating people in later life the approach to aromatherapy needs to be with awareness and care. As we age our metabolism slows, our rate of absorption is increased and excretion slows, therefore the dilution of oils must be a lower percentage, usually around 0.5-1% dilution. The integrity of the skin is also compromised as we age, so a more gentle application and gentle massage is generally considered more suitable.\nOther conditions that can be supported by the use of aromatherapy can include:\nArthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, joint pain and stiffness\nAlzheimer’s and dementia\nAnxiety, stress and worry\nCirculatory problems (oedema, varicose veins)\nCoughs, colds, sore throats\nDehydrated skin\nDigestive issues (reflux, diarrhoea, constipation)\nEmotional wellbeing and mood\nHigh blood pressure\nInsomnia\nMenopausal symptoms (insomnia, hot flushes, mood)\nRespiratory issues (Asthma, dysponea)\nwhat to expect in a treatment:\nFirst treatments are slightly longer, so that I can understand your full medical history. We will discuss your current general health and emotional wellbeing from which we will plan the focus of our session together, including how you'd like to feel at the end. Treatments typically involve holistic massage therapy as this is one of the best ways to support the body using essential oils (through skin absorption and inhalation). If appropriate and you are receptive, I may also include other holistic practices to the treatment (see the About Me page). Again, we will discuss this together prior to starting the treatment.\nI believe it is essential to discuss the choice of aromatic oils with you, and for you to be part of the final selection used for the treatment. Many oils may be appropriate, but there is also a level of preference and likeability that is needed due to the subjective nature of aroma, so it is really important you like the choice of smell. Beauty of blending brings an exquisite nature to the oils so I typically suggest using a minimum of three oils, with each oil having a direct and independent therapeutic action to the body.\nNote - intense massage work may not be appropriate particularly if we are treating an acute injury or illness. Therefore the application of oils may be through the use of an ice or heat compresses, an inhalation mask, or other applications such as home remedies (i.e. a sitz bath), until the immediate acute stage has settled, when massage can be given.\nBook a Consultation\nBack to Top\nPregnancy\nChildren\nGeneral\nLater life\nFive Elements Aromatherapy, Woodbridge, Suffolk, United Kingdom07921 650 [email protected]\n© Heidi Sanders. Holistic Massage Therapy & Clinical Aromatherapy, Suffolk | Code of Conduct | Website byAbi | 2019-04-19T13:17:18Z | "https://www.heidisanders.co.uk/later-life" | www.heidisanders.co.uk | 1 | 3 | 0 |
Minoxidil Hair loss treatment study\n×\n×\nSignup For Updates, Freebies, Coupons and Tips\nSubscribe to our newsletter today to receive updates on the latest hair loss news, treatments, products and special offers!\nWe will neither spam your inbox nor share your email address with others.\nfacebook\ntwitter\ninstagram\ngoogle Plus\nToggle navigation\nHome\nHair Loss Resources\nContribute\nShop\nContact\nSearch for:\nToggle navigation\nMission\nHair Science\nTypes of Hair Loss\nMen’s Hair Loss\nWomen’s Hair Loss\nChildren’s Hair Loss\nDrug Induced Hair Loss\nHair Loss Treatment\nSurgical Hair Restoration\nHair Loss Research\nHair Loss Glossary\nPublications & Resources\nHair Loss Organizations\nToggle navigation\nHome\nHair Loss Resources\nContribute\nShop\nContact\nHome /\nGeneral Hair Loss/\nMinoxidil for Hair Loss and Hair Regrowth\nMinoxidil for Hair Loss and Hair Regrowth\nPosted on February 26, 2015 by Merry\nMinoxidil is an antihypertensive vasodilator medication that is used to treat hair loss in adults and is marketed under the brand name Rogaine in the United States. It is available without a prescription, and can either be rubbed into the scalp or can be sprayed on to halt or decelerate hair loss, as well as promote the regrowth of hair on the scalp. Furthermore, minoxidil can be used by both men and women to treat hair loss, and is generally well tolerated; although some side effects, such as itchiness, redness, and irritation around the eyes have been reported by some users. Interestingly, minoxidil treats male and female pattern baldness by hyperpolarizing cell membranes by opening up potassium channels in the body. In addition, as minoxidil is also a vasodilator, it widens blood vessels, allowing more nutrients, oxygen, and blood to reach the hair follicles. It is also important to note that minoxidil is most effective when used with people who suffer from vertex hair loss. That is, the effectiveness of minoxidil decreases as the area of hair loss increases.\nMoreover, dermatologists conducted a 12 month observational study on 984 men who suffered from male pattern baldness. The patients were asked to apply a 5% minoxidil solution to their scalps twice a day, focusing on areas where they had noticeable hair loss. The subjects were then asked to collect any hair that they lost during their showers and to send it to the laboratory so that they could be meticulously counted and stored for subsequent analysis. The men in the study were asked to collect and send their hair to the researchers, every 3 months, for a total of 4 lab-controlled analyses.\nWhat’s more, the study found that only 3.9% of participants experienced any side effects, and none of the side effects were reported as serious. The study also found that subject satisfaction increased from an average score of 2.9 (on a 0 to 10 scale) at the onset of a study to an increase of 4.4 at the conclusion of the study. Furthermore, the amount of hair lost via hair washing dropped from a mean of 69.7 hairs at the onset of the study to an average of only 33.8 hairs at the end of the study; a reduction of hair loss of over 50%. A more thorough analysis of the findings found that the 5% topical solution of minoxidil was ineffective in only 15.7% of subjects, indicating that the solution was effective in reducing hair loss in 84.3% of patients. The study also found that hair loss areas of the scalp became larger in only 2.9% of patients, while 62% of patients experienced smaller areas of hair loss, and 35.1% noticed no changes either way.\n0\nSHARES\nFacebookTwitter\n0\nTags: minoxidil, minoxidil 5, minoxidil for hair loss\nRelated Posts\nWays to stimulates hair growth!\nPrevent Hair Loss and Thinning\nEating McDonald’s fries will cure your baldness?\nEating McDonald’s fries will cure your baldness?\nHow to Stop Hair Loss. Hair Loss Treatments\nLow Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) for hair loss\nAdvertisement\nJoin Forum\nLatest from Hair Loss Forum\nAn error has occurred, which probably means the feed is down. 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All Rights Reserved. Visit The Hair Loss Blog\nPin It on Pinterest\nShare This\nFacebook\nTwitter\nGoogle+\nPinterest\nDelicious\nreddit\nLinkedIn\nStumbleUpon | 2019-04-18T22:17:29Z | "http://hairloss.org/general-hair-loss/minoxidil-hair-loss-hair-regrowth/" | hairloss.org | 1 | 4 | 1 |
Evening Primrose and Borage Oils | Berkeley Wellness\nSkip to main content\nFollow us on\nFacebook Twitter Pinterest\nApril 20, 2019\nSearch\nSearch\nSupplements\nVitamins\nMinerals\nHerbal supplements\nOther supplements\nHealthy eating\nSupermarket Buying Guide\nDiet & weight loss\nFood\nFood safety\nNutrition\nRecipes\nFitness\nInjury prevention\nExercise\nActive lifestyle\nHealthy Mind\nStress\nMind & body\nMemory\nMood\nSleep\nHealthy Community\nEnvironmental health\nContagious disease\nHealth care policy\nSelf Care\nHome remedies\nPreventive care\nSexual health\nOver-the-counter products\nShop\nSUBSCRIBE\nPrint\nEvening Primrose and Borage Oils\nby Berkeley Wellness\nPrint\nWhat evening primrose and borage oils are: Evening primrose (Oenothera biennis), a yellow wildflower, yields an oil that is a popular supplement. Borage oil, a similar product, is derived from the seed of a plant (Borago officinalis) known variously as bee plant or starflower. The oil of both plants is rich in linoleic acid, an essential fatty acid. “Essential” means that the body needs it but does not produce it. Evening primrose oil also supplies another fatty acid, gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), which has many important functions in the body, such as controlling inflammation and helping the blood to clot.\nPurported claims/benefits: Evening primrose and borage oils are said to be good for practically everything: eczema and nearly any kind of dermatitis or rash, rheumatoid arthritis, breast pain, breast cancer as well as other cancers, diabetes and the nerve damage it can cause, heart disease, symptoms of menopause, infertility, irritable bowel syndrome, hangovers, dry eye, premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and high cholesterol. Marketers claim you need more GLA than your body makes, that more is better and that certain diseases are caused by the lack of GLA.\nWhat the research reveals\nEvening primrose and borage oils and the fats they contain have been much studied. The great majority of studies, unfortunately, have been of poor quality, but a few have been well designed and have been published in peer-reviewed journals.\nEvening Primrose & Borage Oils For Eczema?\nEvening Primrose & Borage Oils For Eczema?\nEvening primrose and borage oils are marketed to treat everything from cancer and arthritis to hot flashes and diabetes, though there’s no good clinical research to back up claims. They’re especially promoted for skin conditions, notably eczema.\nExpand to continue reading\nClose\nHot flashes and other menopausal symptoms. Two comprehensive reviews of research on herbal and other alternative treatments for menopausal symptoms (one in the Annals of Internal Medicine in 2002, the other in the Annals of Pharmacotherapy in 2004) found no benefit for evening primrose oil. The Natural Standard rated it as “D,” meaning there is “fair evidence against its use.” It has not been shown to be effective against PMS. In a 2010 study by researchers from the Mayo Clinic, women with premenstrual breast pain or tenderness who took evening primrose oil, vitamin E or both did not experience a statistically significant reduction in symptoms.\nRheumatoid arthritis. Some small studies have suggested benefits, but overall the evidence is inconsistent. However, a 2011 review of herbal therapies for rheumatoid arthritis by the Cochrane Collaboration concluded that evening primrose or borage oil may help reduce pain and improve function, but “adequate dose and duration of treatment are unknown.” The Arthritis Foundation and some doctors recommend evening primrose or borage oil on the “can’t-hurt-might-help” theory. If you have rheumatoid arthritis, talk with your doctor before you try it.\nBreast cancer. A study in the International Journal of Cancer in 2000 found that GLA is a promising breast cancer therapy when combined with the drug tamoxifen. And lab research at Northwestern University found that GLA might be useful when used with another breast cancer drug. But these studies were very preliminary. Women with breast cancer should rely on proven treatments.\nDiabetes and diabetic nerve damage. Some studies (mostly in the lab or in animals) suggest that evening primrose oil might be helpful. But a comprehensive review of studies in the Journal of the American Board of Family Practice in 2003 found that evening primrose oil (or similar supplements) is not effective for treating nerve damage caused by diabetes, and that drug interactions and side effects are possible.\nSide effects: Potential side effects include stomach upset, nausea (less likely when take with food), rashes and headaches. Serious interactions can occur with certain anticlotting drugs. Borage oil, if not processed correctly, can contain substances that may be toxic to the liver over time. Some research suggests that the oils should not be used prior to having general anesthesia.\nBottom line: Evening primrose and borage oils are cheap, but an inexpensive supplement that does you no good and can cause side effects is not so cheap after all. And a real danger is that people with serious diseases will turn to evening primrose or borage oil instead of getting the medical treatment they need.\nOriginally published November 2012. Updated March 2014.\nPublished March 06, 2014\nPrint\nalternative medicine\ndiabetes\nskin care\n') // .find('.wrapAdCreative') // .iframeAdLoad(new rhm.libs.AdSettings({\"name\":\"300x600\", \"horiz\":\"right\", \"vert\":\"above\", \"display\":\"flex\"})); // } var pageCount = 1; var visitedPages = new Array(); //trigger omniture for first page when page load if(typeof(thcn) != \"undefined\" && visitedPages[pageCount] !=1) { thcn.prop14 = pageCount; thcn.prop29 = prop29; thcn.prop30 = prop30; thcn.prop31 = prop31; thcn.t(); visitedPages[pageCount]=1; pageCount++; } window.onscroll = function (oEvent) { if(visitedPages[pageCount] !=1 && isElementInViewport(document.getElementById('section' + (pageCount-1)))) { visitedPages[pageCount]=1; window.setTimeout(function() { if(typeof(thcn) != \"undefined\") { thcn.prop14 = pageCount; thcn.t(); pageCount++; } }, 50); } } /*Add omniture trigger - 20130724 - Abhishek Bihani */ if(typeof(thcn) != \"undefined\") { var evar32Val; evar32Val = \"\"; jQuery(\".store-inset-title\").each(function(i, obj) { evar32Val = evar32Val +jQuery(obj).html()+\"|\"; }); thcn.eVar32 = evar32Val.slice(0,-1); //thcn.t(); } // jQuery(rhms.ad.run()); triggerAds(); }); /* @todo maybe would be better to move in common.js */ function triggerAds(){ var ads = jQuery('.adbox'); for(i=0; i\nADVERTISEMENT\n') .append('\nADVERTISEMENT\n'); // jQuery(rhms.ad.run()); // .find('.wrapAdCreative') // .iframeAdLoad(new rhm.libs.AdSettings({\"name\":\"300x600\", \"horiz\":\"right\", \"vert\":\"above\", \"display\":\"flex\"})); } rhms.ad.run(); }\nCoQ10 for Statin Users\nA Reality Check on Ginseng\nFolate: Nutritional Chameleon?\nCUSTOMER SERVICE\nContact Us\nADVERTISE WITH US\nFollow us on Facebook Follow us on Twitter\nAbout Us UCB School of Public Health Advertising Policy Privacy Policy Terms of Service\n© 2019 Remedy Health Media, LLC All rights reserved | 2019-04-20T18:51:42Z | "http://www.berkeleywellness.com/supplements/other-supplements/article/evening-primrose-and-borage-oils" | www.berkeleywellness.com | 1 | 3 | 2 |
Gordon's Notes: Duct tape and warts: how the HECK does it work?\nGordon's Notes\nCommentary: politics, science, technology and humanity. Secular humanist.\nSaturday, January 12, 2008\nDuct tape and warts: how the HECK does it work?\nDuct tape as a wart treatment is not alternative medicine.\nReally. It's been studied a few times ... (emphasis mine):\nDuct Tape More Effective than Cryotherapy for Warts - February 1, 2003 - American Family Physician (KARL E. MILLER, M.D.)\nFocht DR III, et al. The efficacy of duct tape vs cryotherapy in the treatment of verruca vulgaris (the common wart). Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med October 2002;156:971-4.\nCommon warts (verruca vulgaris) are a common problem among patients who present in family physicians' offices. Although a significant number of warts will spontaneously resolve over two years, patients frequently request treatment to clear their skin of the lesions. Treatments such as cryotherapy, acid preparations, laser therapy, heat, and tape occlusion have been used in the management of warts, with cure rates ranging from 32 to 93 percent. However, most of these therapies are expensive, painful, or labor intensive. A few small, nonrandomized trials have studied the use of tape occlusion in wart treatment, with one study reporting cure rates of approximately 80 percent. Focht and associates compared the effectiveness of cryotherapy with duct tape applied to common warts.\nThe study was a prospective, randomized controlled trial with two treatment arms. Participants were patients three to 22 years of age who had viral warts and presented to a military clinic. Participants were randomized to receive cryotherapy or occlusive therapy with duct tape. Cryotherapy consisted of 10-second applications of liquid nitrogen to each wart every two to three weeks for a maximum of six treatments. The other group applied small pieces of duct tape to each wart. They were instructed to leave the tape in place for six days and were taught how to re-apply tape if it fell off. At the end of the sixth day, the patients removed the duct tape, soaked the wart in water, and gently debrided it with an emery board or pumice stone. The tape was left off overnight, then re-applied for another six days. This pattern was repeated for two months or until the wart resolved. Warts that did not resolve were measured. The main outcome measured was complete resolution of the wart.\nIn patients treated with duct tape, 85 percent of the warts completely resolved, compared with 60 percent in the cryotherapy group. These results were statistically significant. Resolution of warts treated with duct tape usually occurred within the first 28 days of therapy. If there was no response within the first two weeks, the warts were unlikely to respond to a longer course of therapy. The main adverse outcomes with duct-tape therapy were difficulty keeping the tape on the wart and minor skin irritation. The main adverse effect in the cryotherapy group was mild to severe pain at the freeze site during and after the treatment.\nThe authors conclude that duct tape occlusive therapy is more effective than cryotherapy in the treatment of common warts. They also state that duct tape therapy is less expensive and has fewer adverse effects than cryotherapy.\nThis business of treating warts in children with duct tape has been around for at least 16 years, but I've never really believed in it.\nIt's just so weird.\nThen my 8yo developed a quite impressive toe wart. A flowering exuberant growth. It bugged him, but there was absolutely no way he was going to have it incinerated or freeze-burned. No friggin' way.\nSo we tried the weird duct tape treatment. An old silver roll.\nOver the next few days, when we reapplied the tape, the wart started to look sickly. It's vessels appeared dusky, as though they were occluding. Then the entire toe started to appear mildly inflamed - swollen and red.\nThe next evening my son proudly displayed an impressive crater where the wart had been. It had fallen off. Within a few days the crater was gone, though I think there's some warty material remaining. (We're reapplying the tape.)\nOk, so there are skeptics, and if it does work then it's probably limited to children and adolescents with good immune systems. In these cases the immune system is perfectly capable of clobbering a wart, but first it has to recognize it as foreign.\nSo, how could it possibly work?\nThere, PubMed failed me. I couldn't find any interest in how this thing might work.\nDoesn't that display a certain lack of imagination? Viral warts have many of the properties of tumors, and of course immune tolerance and rejection is important. Heck, apoptosis is still somewhat fashionable. Isn't anyone interested in how this treatment actually works?\nI suspect this one runs into three problems:\nIt's so weird that most researchers don't believe it works.\nIf it works they figure this is some kind of \"mind over immunology\" thing, and there's no tenure in chasing that one.\nDuct tape is cheap.\nWe need a bored tenured faculty person with an animal lab to study this in animals. If we found that duct tape cured animal warts we'd then be able to figure out what it's doing.\nUpdate 8/31/08: The comments are interesting. I particularly like the suggestion a few degree change in local temperature might be enough to impact the wart/body war, though it's fair to mention that plantar warts thrive in a pretty warm environment.\nPosted by JGF at 1/12/2008\nEmail ThisBlogThis!Share to TwitterShare to FacebookShare to Pinterest\nLabels: medicine, science\n144 comments:\ncathy said...\nI use duct tape on corns - it works more gently than commercial corn removers. I started when I wanted to tape up my foot for something else and duct tape was all I had. I assumed it worked because of some ingredient in the adhesive. Who needs insurance when we have duct tape?\n1/14/08, 7:05 AM\nAnonymous said...\nGreat post, it should be forwarded to Garrison Keillor to enliven his “message from the American Duct Tape Council.” On The Prairie Home Companion Show!\nAlan\n1/15/08, 11:52 AM\nAnonymous said...\nGreat post, it should be forwarded to Garrison Keillor to enliven his “message from the American Duct Tape Council.” On The Prairie Home Companion Show!\nAlan\n1/15/08, 11:53 AM\nDavid said...\nDoesn't the duct tape just starve them of oxygen?\n1/21/08, 1:55 PM\nJohn Gordon said...\nHi David! In theory the wart gets its oxygen through its vessels. Actually, I wonder about some nasty industrial contaminant. Cadmium?\n1/21/08, 9:14 PM\nEd Johnson said...\nMy guess was that it had to do with a component of the adhesive. Someone should conduct a study with the old-fashioned original duct tape, one or two newer brands (Scotch, etc.), and a control group. I'd bet the old silver stuff works the best.\n8/23/08, 12:32 PM\nEd Johnson said...\nI've always presumed it had to do with a component of the adhesive or the material that was used as part of the backing (fiberglass?) It would certainly explain why the original stuff worked better than the transparent tape. Someone should do a study of this involving the original duct tape, one or two of the newer brands (Scotch, etc.), and a control group. My guess would be the old silver stuff would work best.\n8/23/08, 12:35 PM\nRobert said...\nI'm certainly no doctor; but I might be able to offer a possible explanation:\nWarts are caused by a virus.\nMost virii are heat-labile at barely above body temperature (about 109 degrees).\nPerhaps the duct tape creates a local 'hot spot' that eliminates the virus; and the body takes care of the actual wart tissue...\n8/31/08, 5:54 AM\nJohn Gordon said...\nRobert,\nI think that's a very interesting hypothesis.\nCertainly seems testable. The balance between the war and the immune system is fairly fine, so a small shift could make a difference.\nOxygen levels in the wart might also differ, leading to increased necrosis, etc.\n8/31/08, 10:09 AM\npae said...\nduck tape works. I just got rid of 2 warts i had for many years. i think it works by alerting the immune system by covering the wart. By covering the wart, it makes it like its inside the body, and not on the exterior. Just my opinion, but it worked. many thanks to duck tape. tim\n9/30/08, 12:34 PM\ndavid said...\nSince this thread is still alive - which isn't bad for being nine months old - I thought I'd add that I was listening to a podcast for WNYC's radiolab on the placebo effect which was completely fascinating. http://www.wnyc.org/shows/radiolab/episodes/2008/01/04 Apparently amongst the many surprising things placebos can help with are warts!\nI never would have thought that possible. Who knows what secrets lie hidden in duct tape?\n10/2/08, 1:22 PM\nJohn Gordon said...\nHi David,\nI think it's the nature of this blog that I get very long lived comment threads -- probably because most people read it via google searches.\nHypnotism also works pretty well for some warts, it usually aligns with placebo (same mechanism).\nWarts are fascinating and weird.\nSo the duct tape effect could be placebo, but there's nothing wrong with that. Placebo is a very good thing, in the right hands there can be few side-effects.\n(Most people forget that if placebo can have benefits, it can also have ... toxicity.)\n10/2/08, 1:41 PM\nadam said...\nI just started duct tape therapy yesterday on a wart that has been on my finger for 6 or 7 years. Already it is really sore and tender. I will keep you all posted.\n10/8/08, 5:38 PM\nPatrick Gregory said...\nI've been trying it to, adam, but i swim twice a day for 2 hours (four hours in the water monday-saturday) so i'm not sure if the pool water has gotten under it. Anyone think that's preventing it from working?\n10/9/08, 4:00 PM\nThe Legacy said...\nMaybe it has to do with the fact that Duct Tape doesn't allow oxygen in? I believe people have died when their skin is covered in the stuff. It's worth looking into, and would make sense.\n10/14/08, 4:07 AM\nJo said...\nHelp needed! I started duct tape on several warts on my foot almost two weeks ago. I am seeing progress. Because readers know warts are \"fascinating and weird\", here goes: when I take off the tape, a patch of dead skin with a little ball in the center has come off with it a couple of times. The skin of the foot it left is pink and has a white little crater. I haven't seen any sign of the black root so far in these. Do I keep putting duct tape over the crater or is the wart gone with that little ball? Yeah, basic question: how do you know if the wart is gone? Thanks!\n12/10/08, 4:26 PM\nAnonymous said...\nI have had a wart on the tip of my 3rd toe for more than 12 years. I have gone to many a doctor, and spent alot of money, for no results. Its like one of those flowering ones. I happened to find this blog and I was excited to read about the duct tape. I had nothing to lose so all I could find was electrical tape, and I decided to try that. Well I just took it off after a week, and boy what a difference! It is fifty percent gone. I also put finger nail polish all over it before I taped it up. So now I soaked it in epsom salt for 30 min, and put the nail polish on it again, and the tape. Will check on it in a week, so far so good. THis is all about smothering I think, and I am really smothering it with combination of nail polish and tape.. Will get back to you in a week and let you know how it is going. Good Luck\n12/20/08, 1:45 PM\nAnonymous said...\nThere's an alternative use of duct tape for wart removal that might help the twice a day swimmer. From\nhttp://www.drdaveanddee.com/warts.html:\n\"Apply over-the-counter salicylic acid wart remover liquid to the wart before bedtime. After letting it air dry for a minute or so, apply the duct tape over the wart, completely covering the area. Remove the duct tape the following morning. Each time they remove the tape, they are debriding some of the wart tissue. Repeat the application each night, until there is no remaining wart tissue.\"\n12/29/08, 12:05 PM\nAnonymous said...\nI started plain old silver duct tape 3 days ago on a wart that I have had for 8 years.\nThe wart is located in the bend under my big toe. It flowered into about 6 of them over the past 2 years....\nI finally decided it was time to try the duct tape \"myth\".\nToday I pulled out 2 little black specs and I see one erupting from beneath my skin! I can hardly believe my eyes!\nMy skin around it hasn't been red or irritated at all, just white and oxygen deprived like I've been swimming for days! lol...\nSo I'll come back in a week and let you know how my progress is!\nAnd Oh yeah, I found this via google search! First entry. Whoo hoo for you Blogger!\n1/28/09, 5:00 PM\nAli said...\nhttp://www.usatoday.com/news/health/2007-03-19-duct-tape_N.htm\n1/28/09, 5:03 PM\nAnonymous said...\nI just got back from the doctor who treated me for a wart I've had for over a year. He gave me a local anesthetic and then \"stabbed\" at it with a needle. I was told to put duct tape on it for 3-4 weeks, no peeking.\nHe explained that the stab riles up the immune system, getting it to attack the wart.\nBUT.... I still don't get how the duct tape works and what it does!\n2/25/09, 10:00 PM\njdash said...\nWhat I've read elsewhere, and I haven't saved the links to cite sources but, the duct tape causes irritation at and around the wart site. The irritation causes some sort of inflammation that alerts the immune system to the site. I suppose at this time the immune system identifies the virus infected tissue as the source of the irritation and works to destroy it. Otherwise the virus appears to in many circumstances circumvent the immune system. I have two plantar warts on the bottom of my foot- one at the heel and the other at the ball of the foot. The heel wart has been there for at least 16 to 18 years- yes that's right more than half my life. The other has been there for probably only 10. I have had laser treatment, burn out, dr cut out and dr cryotherapy (the real stuff, liquid nitrogen) to no avail. I have tried every home remedy product on the market, compound W, freeze methods, self directed cutting it. As far as acid treatments go I have found the Duane Reade brand of salycitic acid to work best although obviously did not cure me. I have been working using duct tape for about a week- when the tape comes off I replace it but I can't say that I have so far noticed any major impact on the \"health\" of the wart.\nIf you suffer from persistent warts like I have then just know I feel your pain. It is unsightly, embarrassing and sometimes painful. Not to mention expensive to try to treat. If this duct tape thing works I will be so excited I may not kick myself for not knowing about this sooner.\nI won't promise I'll post back as others have done and not- but maybe I will post my progress.\n3/19/09, 11:59 PM\nAnonmyous said...\nI had plantar warts on two adjacent toes a few years ago for at least several months. I used transparent adhesive tape (what would be called cello-tape, except it was a different brand) instead of duct tape. I used to open it up once a day, wash and abrade the site (making sure not to abrade so much that it bled) and then tape it back up again. In each case, about a week to 10 days was sufficient to eliminate the wart in question.\nI was initially skeptical about it, so started off with only one toe. I used it on the second toe only after being successful with the first one. So, I suspect that there is a 'real' effect, not a placebo. Cos otherwise the placebo effect whatever its mechanism, would have to be discriminating enough to work on one toe while leaving the adjacent one unaffected.\n4/17/09, 4:21 PM\nkelsey said...\ni just put the duct tape on the 2 warts i have on my hand after searching on google and reading various articles including this one.\nim hoping it will work, i had 2 warts when i was really little and i got over the counter stuff to get rid of them, and now they're back..so i'm hoping this will make them disappear.\n4/21/09, 3:36 PM\nAnonymous said...\nThe HPV virus that causes warts tends to accumulate in the avascular (i.e. no blood vessel) layers of the outer epidermis and this is where it proliferates and grows. Unfortunately, since our bodies immune cells are located in the bloodstream, they cannot migrate out into the area where the virus is located because it is effectively hidden. Applying duct tape to the region causes an inflammation of the skin, which leads to a local reaction that releases the immune system mediators to dilate the blood vessels and cause the immune cells to diapedese (or move) into the area where the wart is located. Now the body is able to recognize that a foreign wart is residing in the skin and it calls for a huge immune response which ultimatly results in the death of the virus.\n5/5/09, 4:41 PM\nJohn Gordon said...\nThat one sounded pretty interesting. Is it published?\n5/5/09, 5:00 PM\njdash said...\nI've always heard that the black \"seeds\" or spots commonly found in plantar warts are dried blood cells and that the wart actually gets nourishment from the blood this way. What you said sounds good but I can verify the existence of capillaries reaching into the infected layer of wart as I've seen it on my foot.\nWhile I'm at it I can update my progress which is to say that on one of my 2 warts I have had improvement by it shrinking. The other did not seem to be as affected. I'm continuing treatment with duct tape in cycles going on a few weeks and off a week. I'm going to start adding a some cotton soaked in apple vinegar to the top of the wart before I duct tape it. I've also heard eating alot of cabbage can help. I am determined to rid myself of these things. One word of caution, somehow the duct tape after a few weeks of application caused a deep infection around the edge of the wart on my heel. It was really very painful and I couldn't walk right for 4 days. Eventually it boiled up and it was puss filled. I drained it but I don't know what the cause of that reaction was. My suggestion is that if you get this painful reaction you stop and wait for it to subside. The wart treatment is a process.\n5/5/09, 7:13 PM\nAnonymous said...\nMy 6yr old son had many warts, which included two on his face which really upset him. My naturopath friend encouraged me to apply lemon oil 5 times a day to the warts and apply duct tape at night when he went to bed. I have to be honest and admit that i dint stick stringently to her advice, however around two weeks afterwards, i noticed that not only the warts thath i had applied the duct tape and lemon oil too, but ALL of his many warts were noticably shrinking, they all eventually dissapeared, they didnt \"fall\" off, rather they shrank back into his body. I always attributed it to the lemon oil, as this is waht my friend had said would remove the warts, but now im thinking that perhaps it was the Duct tape that had the most effect? pretty amazing stuff anyway.\n5/6/09, 3:31 AM\nAnonymous said...\nMy Dr. told me to try duct tape for a wart that i had on my finger. I had the thing for like two years and it was bothering me crazy! I had it on for the first four days and i already saw a decrease in size and it became softer and less painful when it came in contact with things, so within a couple of weeks the wart fell off! So i wonder what else duct tape cures!\n5/8/09, 12:15 PM\nAnnette said...\nLeaning that this little white bump (the size of a sesame seed) on the inside of my right thumb knuckle, I’ve have for two years was a wart - freaked me out! I’m 58 (female) and not vain, but I have hand-modeled in the past, so keeping my hands and nails attractive has been important to me. While at the doctors office last Friday, I casually mention the bump – Yep, you got a wart! I had always envisioned warts as ugly, scabby, dime size masses, kids got from playing with frogs (kidding). This was so tiny, hard and bothersome (didn’t hurt) just an area that I fiddled with endlessly. My Doctor froze the area with liquid nitrogen and told me to wrap in with duct tape and replace the tape often, as it would not stick after the hand washing. With in hours the area blister, erupting larger and larger over the weekend (but never hurt), finally it ruptured. (Sorry, gross I know) I was curious so I peeled back the dead skin and revealed the little white bump attached to the dead skin. I cut it off with sterile nail scissors and dapped the area with Neosporin® and replaced the duct tape. The area is raw and red from the freezing but it healing nicely. I’m keeping the area covered with the tape and to insure the tape stays in place, I’ve covered it with a band-aid (I get less questions from co-workers that way too), but leaving it uncovered at night. Thanks for everyone’s in-put, it’s helped me. Should have gone on-line first and just tried the tape, can’t wait to get the doctor bill.\n5/12/09, 7:29 PM\nMelanie said...\nI was very apprehensive when my family physician told me to put duct tape on my wart instead of referring me to a dermotologist, but I'm so glad she did because I'm sure it saved me money!! I don't know how or why it works, and honestly I don't care...I'm just thankful it has!!\n5/15/09, 10:19 PM\nThe Davii said...\nBeing Canadian, when I came with a huge wart on my foot which I let grow a fester in my work boots I eventually went to see a doctor. I mention being Canadian because my doctor's visits cost me nothing, but the continuous nitrogen treatment was so painful that I could no longer bear to go and see the doctor anymore. After a particularly painful episode, I told the doctor I was just going to have to live with the wart (he had gotten aggressive with the nitrogen which ended up with a huge blood blister on my foot and me unable to walk for a week). He then told me to give duct tape a try.\nHis reasoning, and this was about 8 years ago now, was that in his reading he had read a bunch of theories that something in pine-tar acted to kill off the warts combined with the increased heat and moisture from having the wart covered in duct tape. Pine tar is an ingredient used in the adhesive backing of duct tape of course.\nLiterally a loonie-sized (bigger than a quarter) wart on the bottom of my foot went away after weeks of attempting to kill it the conventional way. My doctor's advice - leave the tape on, change it only after showers and give it a day to breathe once a week. I just kept it clean and removed any dead bits as time progressed and eventually it fell out in chunks.\n8 years later now we're going to try it with someone else I know, but only thing we have here (in Africa) is Gorilla Tape. Stronger than duct tape, so we'll see if it works as well and if it does, if pine-tar is present or not in the adhesive.\n5/18/09, 1:40 PM\nJohn Gordon said...\nThat's the first I've personally heard that pine tar was a Duct Tape ingredient. A quick Google search didn't turn up anything.\nI'd mark this one down as unlikely, but who knows.\nI have to say, this post does get a bit of traffic.\n5/18/09, 3:41 PM\nAnonymous said...\ni have had a patch of verrucas on my right foot for the past 5 or so years, ive honestly lost track. im 16 and am hugely embarrassed of them, i even sleep with socks on so no one sees.\ni have tried most home remedies on them but none have worked. i tried banana skin but that was messy and, not surprisingly, make you smell of banana. not nice. i started to use duct tape a few months ago but it just seemed to make the verrucas big and soggy like being in a bath too long. the thought that they might grow in size scared me to stop using the duct tape. :/\nanyway, im going to try the clear nail varnish, if the suffocation theory is correct, this should be just as good as duct tape.\nregarding the anonymous comment who was \"stabbed\", i have doubts about this theory, just because out of sheer annoyance and desperation over the years i have stabbed/cut/picked at my verrucas a few times. grrr.\n6/2/09, 5:09 PM\nAnonymous said...\nJust starting my duct tape today....i've had a pencil eraser sized wart on the bottom of my foot for the past two years and I always meant to try duct tape. This thread has convinced me to do it!\n6/18/09, 10:11 AM\nAnonymous said...\nIf pine tar is in wood varnish as well as duct tape, I'm convinced that's the effective ingredient. As a child, I had a pencil-eraser-diameter wart on a knuckle for several years. It looked like a little cauliflower. It hurt when bumped, which was often, given its location. I unintentionally got furniture varnish on my hands during a woodworking project one afternoon. The very next morning, the wart was drastically flatter, smaller, and less painful. The varnish wore off over a couple of days, and the wart was entirely gone in perhaps a week.\n6/29/09, 7:38 AM\nAnonymous said...\nA few weeks ago I developed a painful wart on the side of my third toe. I believe it is from dancing at prom with my shoes off. eh. I kinda left it lone for awhile thinking that it would go away on it's own. Wrong. I tried the wart bandages from CVS with the acid but all that did was fry the skin around the wart. I've tried duct tape and every time I replace it, the wart looks a little smaller. Each time, I use a nail file (same one everytime, not for nails anymore) and file of a layer of dead stuff. It seems to be working! Its a little slow though and Im thinking of trying nail polish as well.\n7/2/09, 10:10 AM\nAnonymous said...\nMy 8 year old son is an avid hockey player and he had a huge wart on his big toe. Because he didn't want to stop playing hockey for several weeks after a \"lazer treatment\", we decided to try the duct tape option. We were amazed at how well it worked (we used a little compound W, too!!) After about two or three weeks, the wart(s) just fell off...My other son is next...\n7/2/09, 5:21 PM\nAnonymous said...\nAfter reading all of these success stories, I finally decided to give this a try. I am only on my second day of treatment, but am determined to continue until the wart is gone, gone, GONE. I hate the wart, it is so unsightly (right on my knee) . . . :( So I sure hope that this works -- Wish me luck!\n7/5/09, 12:06 PM\nあじ said...\nI'm 30, and the duct tape method has worked great for me on several occasions when freezing does not. So far everyone I've suggested it to experienced similar results (I use the gray stuff). I think this method should be the first resort for most people because it's cheap and relatively painless (except when picking out dead skin).\n7/10/09, 8:30 AM\nLinda said...\nI might as well chime in too. I had this weird mysterious \"thing\" on my foot several years ago that I thought was a corn at first. But I've had corns in the past and this just didn't look anything like it. After much research, I concluded that it must have been a plantar's wart. Nothing as severe as all the images on the web (seriously...GROSS. How could anyone allow warts to get so out of control?), but still irritating.\nAnywaym, I read about this duct tape method and like many others, was just like \"Huh?\" But I liked the cheapness and practicality of such a thing and gave it a shot. I can't recall how LONG I treated it for, but I'm certain it was over the course of maybe a month or two. I followed it exactly as one of the websites said. Leaving it on, taking it off to file off dead skin, and replacing it all over again.\nInitially, the area looks even worse cuz it turns all white and weird looking, but it's all part of the process. I'm still amazed that something as simple as duct tape was what worked for that annoying little bump. It has never returned after that. Now I'm trying to suggest the same thing to my sister who has a mysterious growth on her foot as well, but she's thinking it's a pretty weird method. Oh well!\n7/22/09, 1:59 AM\nAnonymous said...\nHi!\nI have been putting duct tape on a couple of warts on the heel of my foot for a few months, only about 3 days a week. I wear sandals in the summer, and dont like having it on my foot when I go out. How much do I need to be putting on and how often? I have been putting it all the way across the bottom of my foot because It tends to fall off during the day otherwise. What else does duct tape work on?\n8/2/09, 9:19 PM\nsharaabi said...\nI have a subungual wart on my right thumb right now which is partly (almost half) exposed at the tip of the nail. I am trying the duct tape treatment for 2 days now lets see... might not work since i dont have the entire wart covered by it..\nanyway, so we are all wondering how the duct tape works on warts. what about how we discovered it? Did some random clueless chump get a wart and had no idea what it was and didn't have bandage so put the closest thing he had to a bandage - duct tape - on the wart? And since most people say it takes at least a few days if not a few weeks for the wart to go, did this guy keep the duct tape on for days without trying to hook himself up with a bandage? but was smart enough to make sure that the world knew...\n8/21/09, 4:09 PM\nkarab819 said...\nSo for all of you who have tried duct tape how many have had the unsightly thing return? I have tried just about every over the counter product they sell and it seems to come back each and every time. I went to my doctor and she froze them and instructed me to use duct tape or moleskin (for blisters) for 7 days then let it breath for 1 night and reapply. I have to go back to have it frozen in a month. So like I said I was wondering how successful this has been for everyone? Did it come back at all? :) Thanks!\n8/26/09, 5:58 AM\nmargaret said...\nHi there,\nI have been suffering from warts all my life and have not bothered too much with them until about 3 years ago...I got one on my FACE!!\nI tried the apple cider vinegar cure but that was really painful and made the wart scab. Just recently I managed to find duct-tape (I live in Italy) and have been putting a little patch on the wart when I go to bed at night. After a couple of days I could see that the wart has shrunk!\nI'm going to be more diligent and keep the duct-tape on whenever I can. I do promise to come back and let you know if I have any developments.\nMy only fear is that there might be side-effects. Does anyone know of any?\nThanks!\n9/11/09, 1:19 PM\nAnonymous said...\nI too have warts on my fingers, they are unsightly and quite often am disgusted to think i have a virus...although i know every one has HPV in some form. Anyway I googled ways to get rid of warts and most ways are to freeze them...now i have had them for many years and have tried everything from banana peel to potato peel, mince (premium mince rubbed on it and planted in the ground as it rots so does the wart) it kind of worked but i think birds got the mince. and since i am breastfreeding (tmi i know) i cant use the freezing method which doesnt work anyway i decided to try the duct tape, i am 3 days in and it has already shrank, i'll try to keep posting my progress. so far so good\n9/13/09, 2:03 AM\nAnonymous said...\nIT WORKS IT WORKS IT WORKS\nI had a very large cluster of warts on my right big toe for about 5 years. It started out as a cluster of 4 or so any eventually grew to about 30 or so.\nPrevious to trying duct-tape, I had tried Salicylic acid, and cryotherapy.\nI even had tried duct tape before, for about 3 weeks and not as diligently as I should have. The first time it didn't work, but the second time it very much worked. Here is what I did:\nI duct-taped my toe completely (I have sweaty feet and smaller amounts of tape would slide off)\nand would leave the tape on from monday to sunday morning. I would leave it on even when working out, showering etc.\nOn the sunday I would take a pumice stone and scrape the dead skin off of the toe, of which there was quite a bit.\non the 5th or 6th week (can't remember which) I took the tape off and started to scrape the skin off with the pumice stone, and noticed my toe was REALLY sensitive, tickelish. When I put my glasses on to look at my toe, I noticed the warts were gone... just 'disappeared' kind of way... it really was that dramatic... that was about a month ago and they haven't come back since...\nDefinitely try this method, it worked for me, was convenient, and very very cheap!\n9/25/09, 7:00 PM\nAnonymous said...\nDuct tape supposedly works by causing an \"irritation\" on the skin, which kicks in the immune system. This in turn, knocks out the virus.\n10/4/09, 9:29 PM\nAnonymous said...\nI have had several warts in the past couple years and they usually show up on my fingers. I've had pretty much every removal process done(like i said I've had many over the years) and the duct tape one definitely works the best. (and its the least painful!) For those who think people give you crazy looks try the different colors of duct tape. The Duck Tape brand makes all kinds of colors, teal, hot pink, bright orange, plaid. They end up looking just like a bandaid.\n10/21/09, 1:17 AM\nwolfie said...\nWell, I guess ill try this on my little old freind who lives on the back of my hand, I've had it since I was like 5, I've tried all the treatments, and well I guess I've just, givin' up accepted it although, I guess I can part with it cause it's been getting a little weird, the skin around it looks to be getting rougher.\nThe only thing is, I need some duct tape.\n11/4/09, 6:20 PM\nJennifer said...\nI am in the process of using this method right now on about a quarter-sized plantars wart on the ball of my foot - my mother's dermatologist advised me of using duct tape/Compound W if I didn't want to have it cut out again (as I did about 2 years ago...and of course it came back).\nAnother important thing she noted was that I had to disinfect my shower with Clorox so as not to let the fungus and virus continue to grow. Also, she told me to put a small amount of lysol on a paper towel and clean the sole of my shoes that I've worn to work, etc. without socks. I wear heels and flip flops all the time with the bottom of my foot directly touching my shower and shoes. Worse, I'm a dancer...\nBe sure to disinfect anything the wart touches on a regular basis (for your hands - laptop mouses, regular mouses, cell phones, etc.) :) It's a viral fungus and will spread if you don't clean your stuff.\n12/9/09, 9:02 PM\nAnonymous said...\nive had the same wart for about seven years now on my right hand ring finger at the second joint. Ive tried duct tape, cutting it off, nail polish, i even went to the doctors for Liquid nitrogen. Which seemed to work, the blister came up under the wart and removed it with the typical crater. it healed and i thought that was it, but no it came back in like a month.\nIve never really been that committed about getting rid of it before but today in health class I saw the nastier strains of HPV and that just kinda freaked me out a bit.\nSo I went a little overboard today and attacked the wart about five times with the liquid nitrogen kit, tomorrow I'm going to start with the corresponding liquid wart remover (Dr Scholl's dual(freezing and liquid) action wart remover) and duct tape. I hope to be rid of it in a month or sooner and I'll post back when/ if it goes away.\nthe success stories here have encouraged me to try again, thanks!\n~Mark\n1/6/10, 7:49 PM\nAnonymous said...\nI'm just trying this on a wart on my wrist scar, hope it works. I got rid of another one in an odd way years ago though. I had one on my inner ankle forever, and happened to get a compound fracture in my tibea at that spot one day. After the surgery scar healed up, one day the scab peeled off, and out came the whole wart with the scab, it had a perfect white root, about 1/4 inch long. I was so happy, but what a way to get rid of it!\n1/15/10, 5:10 PM\nAnonymous said...\nThe wart needs to breathe and the duct tape stops it from breathing. It's that simply folks. I got rid of a wart when I was a kid by cutting the top and applying liquid white out for about two weeks and it's never come back.\n1/25/10, 2:28 PM\nAnonymous said...\nThe reason warts don't go away is because your immune system ignores it/doesn't recognize it. This is why meditation and focusing on the wart during meditation will make it fall off (the focusing during meditation focuses your t cells or white bloods cell or whatever it is to the wart's location.) Because of this I believe that something in the adhesive of the tape causes enough irritation on the skin to attract your body's defensive cells to that location and end up attacking the virus of the wart. Just a theory.\n2/11/10, 8:28 PM\nMichael said...\nI started the duct tape method three days ago after having the dr. freeze the wart. My wart is located on the bottom of my right big toe. I have changed the tape a few times after taking a shower. The wart is white and looks like it is suffocating.\nHopefully this method work out. All the post are encouraging and keep me very optimistic.\n2/14/10, 1:19 AM\nZtug said...\nHi All,\nI have had warts come and go since I was 5. I bit some off as a kid, picked some to death, used wart remover on some and had the Dr. freeze some. I found that the best reatment, if in a not too sensative place, was to use dry ice. Using insulated gloves, hold it against the wart. Try to use a chip with a point so as to not freeze much of the surronding area. Hold it there till the wart is frozen rock hard. I believe that this works better, usually 1 treatment, than liquid nitrogen, is that even thought dry ice may not be quite as cold as the liquid form, it freezes deeper and gets the roots ( blood supply) of the wart better.\nI know have one on the thin skin just below my lower eye lid and am affraid to use this method. So I'm trying duct tape. After just a couple of days the wart has shrunken quite a bit. It has the typical apearence of water logged skin, like under a banage after spending time in a pool. A little red irritation but not painful. It looks like it may just work.\nMay be a combination of several of the factors that people have mentioned.\nI don't believe in Hypnotism or the Placeabo effect, People have tried to put me under with out success, and no I wasn't fighting it. I don't think all the sugar pills in the world are going to make a wart go away.\nI would lean toward the temperature increase, the initiation of an immune response that the wart it's self doesn't natually do, oxygen deprevation or even a reaction to a chemical in the glue or a combination as the way it functions. I'll post another success story (hopefully) in a few weeks.\n2/27/10, 9:39 AM\nAnonymous said...\nMy husband was in the Swedish army 20 years ago and they used duct tape for warts! I wonder if just get too stuck on \"medicine\" being the only way to solve what ails us? There must be other ways to get the body to respond/react and be cured?\n2/28/10, 7:38 PM\nAnonymous said...\nI have had a subungual wart for over five years now and like everyone else have tried everything. I have frozen if off countless times and the amount of acid I have used I am surprised I still have a thumb left. In recent weeks I have heard about the duct tape theory so am finally trying it. I have just put it on ( I have a bright silver thumb) but it's worth it if I finally get rid of the thing.\n3/29/10, 6:38 AM\nAnonymous said...\nIf it's all about smothering the wart and depriving it from oxygen...what about putting a dab of super glue over it? I've worked with super glue a lot over the years and sometimes I get it on the tips of my fingers and it seals shut the gap under my finger nails. I bet you could create a seal over the wart. Plus, it's clear so you can avoid people asking you why you have duct tape on you :)\n4/18/10, 3:21 PM\nAnonymous said...\nMy doctor says the duct tape triggers the body's immune system and that's why it works.\n4/24/10, 1:38 PM\nAnonymous said...\nDoes anyone know if this would work with chalazions on the eyelids? I don't know if those are related to warts.\nMeredith\n5/4/10, 4:46 PM\nJohn Gordon said...\nYikes. Chalazions are not warts.\nGoogle is your friend: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chalazion\nDuct tape doesn't cure everything. Don't duct tape your lids.\nEven on plantar warts any effect could be placebo/suggestion/illusion. Warts are funny things.\n5/4/10, 4:54 PM\nChristi said...\nI heard about this and tried it on my daughter - and it worked, all of her warts are gone. In treating my daughter, I developed a wart on my thumb - a week of duct tape killed it. No adverse effects to our skin at all.\nI read that it starves the wart of outside sources of oxygen, and causes the blood vessels to grow into the wart, which gives the body's immune system the chance to attack and kill it.\n5/15/10, 3:20 PM\nAnonymous said...\nI cant say anything about duck tape however.... Just last night my Brother whom sufferd with warts severly most of his life, told me he had the cure for the one that I aquired on my leg that had grown to the size of a pencil eraser. I didnt let it bother me until it made Shaving around it difficult. He told me to get a #2 pencil and a lighter. After heating the Super Sharp pencil for about a minute er two he (while still hot) Stabbed the wart dead center. Honestly I didnt belive this would work but considering I dont have insurance I thought what the heck worse case it doesnt work no harm no foul. Folks on everything I love... Literally within Minutes.. thats right miuntes!! It fell right off!!! No Pain n just a small red spot where it was. To which he said would be all gone in a few days.Ive had this thing for two years and nothing has worked NOT Anything. So to conclude if ur not sqeemish and want results NOW! Verses weeks and months. This method is AMAZING!! I would recomend it to everyone!!\n6/4/10, 2:56 PM\nAnonymous said...\nI just started the duct tape therapy on my 5 year old daughter's foot. We went to Target and I let her pick out her duct tape color - of course she picked out hot pink!!\nHer pediatrician also suggested putting an uncoated baby aspirin under the duct tape on top of the wart. Some of the research I did on the web mentioned salicylic acid which is very similar to the active ingredient in aspirin right? Can't hurt...I will let you know.\n8/3/10, 10:19 PM\nAnon said...\nOk so I read a lot of articles on the net and all and have decided to do it too.\nThe only thing I'm confused about is how I'm supposed to keep duct tape on it for 6 days while showering?\nAnd also, the tape doesn't seem to stick to my warts too well...I've put skin colored tape on top of the duct tape, but I hope it's not the direct sticking that cures them because it seems like it's touching but being held there more by the skin colored tape than the duct tape.\n8/6/10, 5:19 PM\nSonikh said...\nAfter a couple of years with growing out-of-control plantar warts on my big and second toes, my wife set an appointment with a doctor. BIG MISTAKE!!! He gave me a prescription for stomach ulcers that apparently helps with warts and also applied and acid that left me in a miserable state for 3 days in a row and with blisters for over a week! The side effects of the prescription were not good either. I stopped the prescription and changed doctors. This new one, applied a different type of acid and was supposed to see her every two weeks. After 6 weeks of making it worse (where I had blisters now I had painful mosaic warts!) and dealing with 3 days in a row of hardly being able to walk, I decided to do a thorough research on the web and avoid the pain, too!\nEven my health insurance website suggest the use of duct tape! so I decided to give it a try.\nIt's been 3 weeks now and the results are unbelievable. The smaller mosaics are basically gone, and the largest one (used to be about 1x2 in in size) is starting to look much better).\nMy technique is this: After soaking for 15 minutes in 12oz of water with Epsom salts, two drops of vitamin A (10,000 UI) and two drops of concentrated grapefruit seed extract (i.e. Agrisept or Citricidal)\nI then use a pumice stone to remove the excess skin on top of the warts. Avoid doing it too hard that leaves the skin too sensitive and avoid bleeding!!! Let dry and apply tea tree oil. Leave it uncovered overnight. The next day, the skin is rough and the duct tape will stick very well to the warts.\nTo shower, I use \"finger gloves\" those used in the kitchen (watch out if you are sensitive to latex). Wear it on the respective toes (which keeps them quite dry, particularly the big toe). In this way you can wash the rest of the foot without getting your toes wet.\nTo help my immune system combat the virus and renew the skin, I followed some nurse's instructions on a website about taking 25,000IU of Vitamin A for 10 days (in 3 doses). I also as per my physician's recommendation increased my vitamin D3 intake to 7,000 IU a day. This also helps your immune system overall.\nMany people forget that homeopathy works! So I also got Thuja Forte and dissolve one tablet under the tongue three times a day, I will be doing this for 3 months as per another website.\nSince I started doing this, I am seeing positive results every week I use the pumice stone, I don't have pain, and can continue to exercise and walk regularly.\nThe two words in my mind right now: Patience and Perseverance.\n9/6/10, 6:44 PM\nsonikh said...\nMy technique is this: After soaking for 15 minutes in 12oz of water with Epsom salts, two drops of vitamin A (10,000 UI) and two drops of concentrated grapefruit seed extract (i.e. Agrisept or Citricidal)\nI then use a pumice stone to remove the excess skin on top of the warts. Avoid doing it too hard that leaves the skin too sensitive and avoid bleeding!!! Let dry and apply tea tree oil. Leave it uncovered overnight. The next day, the skin is rough and the duct tape will stick very well to the warts. Then leave covered for 6 days and repeat.\nTo shower, I use \"finger gloves\" those used in the kitchen (watch out if you are sensitive to latex). Wear it on the respective toes (which keeps them quite dry, particularly the big toe). In this way you can wash the rest of the foot without getting your toes wet.\nTo help my immune system combat the virus and renew the skin, I followed some nurse's instructions on a website about taking 25,000IU of Vitamin A for 10 days (in 3 doses). I also as per my physician's recommendation increased my vitamin D3 intake to 7,000 IU a day. This also helps your immune system overall.\nMany people forget that homeopathy works! So I also got Thuja Forte and dissolve one tablet under the tongue three times a day, I will be doing this for 3 months as per another website.\nSince I started doing this, I am seeing positive results every week I use the pumice stone, I don't have pain, and can continue to exercise and walk regularly.\nThe two words in my mind right now: Patience and Perseverance.\n9/6/10, 6:50 PM\nAlexander said...\nI used duct tape on a large cluster of warts on my heel a couple of years ago. It worked perfectly - took about 2-3 weeks and the area has remained clear ever since. I'm now trying it again on a smaller cluster of verrucas on the ball of my left foot, most of which seem to penetrate the skin pretty deeply. I've tried freezing several times with no success. Have been going for just under a week with the tape and so far it looks promising. The skin around the verrucas is white and dead-looking and there is a slight burning sensation. I would definitely recommend duct tape over freezing which is painful and much more invasive and, in my experience, doesn't work anyway.\n9/10/10, 7:20 PM\nAnonymous said...\nI believe in the body's ability to heal itself, given the chance. So after reading many interesting comments on the \"duct tape\" theory, I decided to give it a try.\nFor many years, I've had a wart on the inside of my right thumb -- started as a teenager. Until recently, it was just an annoyance and then became a nasty habit of picking at it. I've tried all the \"modern\" remedies, including the cryo path, to no avail.\nNow, the wart is much larger in size -- they seem to have teamed up! Tonight, I'll start the DTR (duct tape remedy) and I'll keep you posted.\nMany prayers to all of you suffering with plantar warts -- I know they are the most difficult to remove and the most painful.\nSoon-to-be-wart-free(hopefully) in Florida...\n11/14/10, 8:39 PM\nAnonymous said...\nI heard of this some years ago but only recently needed to use it. I had a pesky little wart on the back of my hand. I put duct tape on it, pretty much forgot about it for about a week. Then decided to take a peek. I was told that it works because of two things. I don't remember exactly what it is but there is a chemical in duct tape that helps destroy the wart. The other has been mentioned and that is mind over matter. Just as we bite our tongue or lip we remind the brain we need repairs and it's done. Or a papercut for instance. Whatever works right?\n11/29/10, 7:23 PM\nAngelina said...\nAfter reading this great page I am trying this too on a wart I have had on my finger for years plus 3 or so others on my feet.\nI have tried expensive and uncomfortable cryotherapy which did absolutely nothing but possibly make the ones on my feet get bigger (!) and painting them with acid daily but that doesn't seem to do much as they seem to recover faster than the acid eats it. Someone told me to pee on them but I'd rather try this!\nFor the past 5 or so days I have covered them with duct tape but how are you guys keeping the duct tape on? Mine falls off all the time and I constantly have to replace it so that it sticks.\nBut I am pleased because when they fall off I can see the skin on the top of the wart is really white already like I have been swimming and it flakes off easily. I really hope this continues for the whole wart!!! It seems to be making the one on my finger smaller. Also they itch like hell for the first time which seems like a good thing. I've started to put a bit of acid on before covering them with tape cause I want to come at it from all directions! I really can't wait to get rid of these suckers. They're so embarrassing.\n1/5/11, 11:04 PM\nAnonymous said...\nI have been trying this method out and I can say that I noticed there seems to be more \"progress\" on the elimination of the wart on my foot when the duct tape is left in place for as long as possible. It seems the rankier the area around the wart gets (smell included) the yellower, darker and generally smaller the wart is when the tape eventually needs to be replaced. When I was frequently replacing and cleaning the taped area the wart seemed far less affected by the treatment. Let it get nasty! I presume that it makes worse conditions for the wart to thrive in.\nUse enough tape to cover the entire area plus some, as it is possible for the virus to extend beyond the visible areas.\n1/10/11, 4:44 PM\nAnonymous said...\nThank you so much for this website. Like many others, I had warts all over my hands and some on my feet when I was a child off and on into my 20's. My doctors tried freezing them, and even putting a stick of novacaine into the bottom of my foot to cut it out (which I do not recommend). I noticed if I saw one starting, I could cut it off my hands before it had time to take root and this would sometimes work. I'm 42 now, and thought I was immune to warts at this point in my life, but unfortunately after experiencing some consistent stress in my life, they started popping up all over my hands. I also have had a planters wart on my right foot for a few years now, which I'm sure contributed with the virus.\nMy 14 year old son also has a few warts on his left elbow.\nSo we both started using the duct tape on Sat, so this is my 3rd day. Keep in mind I've only had them on my hands for about 2 weeks, and after trying to cut them off didn't work, I tried the old silver duct tape. Sure enough, I'm already seeing results. The ones that had barely taken root seems to be almost gone, and the others are getting smaller as well.\nHowever, tomorrw I have to go back to work, and given I work in a crowded office building with rows and rows of cubes, I'm undecided if I will leave the duct tape on. I may try super glew and a couple of band aids while I'm at work. Otherwise I would have 9 pieces of silver duct tape on my hands.\nI'm also taking some vitamins to help my immune system, and I will exercise today as well, which I should be doing anyway.\nPlease keep this site going if you can because it's been great to read all of the comments.\nBTW - my personal opinion after reading the posts is the duct tape works for a few reasons... 1) it's a living virus, so the tape confines it vs. letting it spread 2) lack of oxygen and the firmness of the tap prevents it from growing, plus it probably causes the wart distress because it can't grow and be healthy 3) #1 and #2 help notify the body that the virus is there thus letting your immune system at it. I think there's a chance that if your immune system is weak though, due to stress or illness, you may need to add the vitamins and exercise as others have stated.\nI will hopefully post an update in a few weeks, as I wish more people would have posted their results here. Thank you\n- RB\n3/14/11, 2:16 PM\nDee said...\nI have tried this method before and have had some results. I must admit I went to the doctor anyway last year having no patience and wanting the wart on my leg removed because I was cutting it anyway everytime I shaved my legs. After a few painful injections of numbing, he took a small object much like an apple corer and well yes thats basically how he got it out... I was left with an even worse scar. And after it healed the blasted wart came back also! Arrg! Granted it was a bit smaller... I'm now taking the time to try the duct tape again. I am convinced and determinded it will work!\nMy daughter also has one on her shoulder she is 4 and since she doesn't like the idea of duct tape being on her arm I coaxed her by allowing her to pick out her own favorite cartoon caracter band aids to apply over top of the duct tape wich we will be changing quite often I'm sure! I haven't tried rubbing them with a file or pumice stone after changing out the duct tape, so I'm curious to see how this will speed things up. However as I said before I do believe this will work it just takes time and patience. My mother my grandmother my sisters and my mother in law have all used this method. So good luck to all. And please try this first before going to the doctor!\n4/12/11, 9:08 AM\nscriapinov said...\nHi! I've had a few clusters on two toes on my right foot for quite a few years, and I'm also getting a few nasty ones on my fingers, and it's so depressing when you try when treatment doesn't work! I've tried the freezing (which was a disaster when I got a huge blister and couldn't play piano for a good month!) and the salactol acid but really I've never been a huge fan of the idea that putting some magic juice on it will somehow just make it dissappear. (maybe that's why it's never worked...) But I must say I'm very encouraged for the first time ever about what people have said about the tape. I'm quite confidant that it could do some good so I'll try it in earnest. And I will be back! My only concern is that they might well come back. And also wouldn't they leave a huge crater? How long does that take to heal?\n4/21/11, 7:25 PM\nDr. Buddy said...\nOkay - I've got it. Here's how and why duct tape works.\nGo to bandaid.com, click \"fun for kids,\" then click \"test your knowledge.\" On question #1 you'll learn that \"bandages that...maintain an important natural moisture balance are ideal for healing. Skin cells are able to migrate easily - without drying out and developing into a scab - to help form new, smooth tissue sooner.\" Also, on question #4, the answer to: \"Scabs impede the healing process and make it more likely to cause scarring,\" is TRUE.\nSo, what does this have to do with warts?\nRead over all the blogs above. They'll tell you that 1) The immune system cannot effectively travel across the surface of the skin. 2) Blood must be present for healing to occur. 3) There ARE capillaries in warts that allow blood to feed them. 4) Wearing duct tape \"makes the skin look weird, wet and wrinkled, like you've been swimming.\"\nAdd all of that together and voila! The reason duct tape works is: Moisture that duct tape holds on the surface of your skin allows the capillaries in your warts to bring the immune system to the skin's surface where it can then migrate healthy skin cells across the affected area and overwhelm the wart!\nThey tell you to leave the duct tape on for days on end - no peeking. The longer you leave it, the wetter and weirder it gets - like the tissue UNDER your skin.\nIt's not the duct tape that heals you - it's your own immune system being allowed to work!\nNow you know.\n4/25/11, 2:26 PM\nAnonymous said...\nI went crazy on my plantar wart today after 2 years of trying wart remover pads and 2 sessions of cryotherapy. Nothing has worked.\nI froze the crap out of it with Dr. Scholl's freeze away with 2 applications, 1 minute long each (almost 3x the recommended amount), then put a wart remover disc on it (40% salicylic acid), then covered it up with duct tape. Anyone heard of all of these methods used in conjunction working?\n5/7/11, 8:03 PM\nAnonymous said...\nI have had a wart on my right ring finger for about 3 years now. I have tried freezing it many times and covered it in extra strength salicylic acid. Nothing seemed to remove it permanently. The last time I burned it off with the acid and hacked it to pieces... Lots of blood but it seemed to go away. However, it came back within a couple of weeks.\nAnyhoo, I have decided to give the duct tape method a try. I have had the tape on my finger since Saturday and the wart has almost totally gone! It was about half a centimeter across and a couple millimeters high. Now all that is left is the footprint of the wart. Most of it has gone. I am impressed. I am going to leave the tape on for another couple of weeks and see what happens.\nAlan\n7/5/11, 3:34 PM\nAnonymous said...\nWell, one week later my wart it totally gone! I am amazed!\nAlan\n7/12/11, 12:16 PM\nAnonymous said...\nI've had warts on my fingers for over two years, they started with one on a finger then gradually spread over nine of my fingers and thumbs. I tried the usual methods from the chemist but with know success. I did try duct tape but didn't read the instructions properly and I was unconvinced it would work, with this negativety I gave up. I ended up sending off for two lots of very expensive wart remover from America spending over £100 but still there was no sign of the warts disappearing. One of the warts on my left hand started to spread around my finger, it became very painful, at this point I was getting rather desperate and read all the advice on this web page. I realised that I didn't give the duct tape a fair chance so decided to give it another go. At first I decided to put it on over night, this didn't seem to work. I then put the duct tape on all the time for a two week period. I put badges over the duct tape when I went out, I had lots of comments saying \"have you hurt yourself\" I just replied \"gardening\". The warts became very soft and white and shrunk in size. The smaller ones virally disappeared, I continued to reapply the tape for another two to three weeks. This period very difficult trying to cook and use my hands for differents things started to annoy me but seeing the warts shrink made me continue. I took the duct tape off and filed the warts ensuring to not cross contaminate. After a week of filing the warts all disappeared. I can't tell you how pleased I am. I just want to thank everyone for writing there experiences on this site, it really helped. I am now trying to help my nieces with their warts.\n7/23/11, 1:16 AM\nAnonymous said...\nI once had a wart on my let foots toe, but I was on vacation and couldn't go to my usual doctor,so I smothered it with nude colored bandades until I could go back home, and when I took off the bandade, the wart had a white layer of dead skin over the top of it. I, being an impatient person, peeled it back, and everything feel out of it, leaving a giant crater in my toe. I put on new bandades until my crater was gone, an they have never returned again. Hence, I always assumed that it was suffocation that killed them, although I think that all of the comments definately could be true as well. Right now I have a plantar wart below my toes on my R foot, and two on my left hand. I'm trying the duct tape method after getting them frozen a little bit. I hope it works quickly, though-- I'm going on vacation soon! Wish me luck,\nAnonymous\n8/7/11, 1:22 PM\nToronto said...\nI'm really looking forward to giving this duct tape method a try! I will post my results if something happens!\n- Toronto\n8/7/11, 2:53 PM\nAnonymous said...\nFYI regarding plantar warts, I had discovered a potential reason why so many years and methods of treatments failed. It is that where you ultimately see the outer appearance of it does not mean that's all there is. It can spread across, under the skin, before becoming emergent. So just treating what you see may not be treating it all.\nBe sure to sufficiently cover the areas surrounding the wart with the tape. In a few days or up to 2 weeks you'll begin to notice other 'sites' you may not have known were there. With good fortune, you can finally knock that sucker out. I'm still working on mine :/\n8/10/11, 1:03 AM\nMolly said...\nI first got a plantar's wart on the ball of my foot. It was small and didn't bother me so I let it go. That was a few years ago! It has only gotten a little bigger but has multiplied into 3 plantars warts now. They each have small black dots in them. The first one having quite a lot and being pretty ugly! So I finally decided to try to get rid of them. I tried Compound W and it didn't work. I had heard of duct tape before but it sounded ridiculous. But I was getting desperate and decided to research it again. I found this blog. After reading so many success stories using duct tape I decided to give it a try. And I am so glad I did! I started doing it almost a month ago. I would put one piece of duct tape over all of the warts. I would leave it on as long as I could until it would start to come off. Then I would just put a new piece on. I go to the pool a lot and obviously didn't want everyone to see duct tape on my feet so I would put clear nail polish over it those few hours. After only a few days the area over the wart got white. Eventually the black spots would get closer to the surface. Every once in awhile I would file it down with a pumice stone or clip away dead skin with clippers. Now almost a month later it is looking SO much better. There are only a couple of the black spots in the biggest wart and it is not as risen as before! I am going to keep doing this until they are completely gone! I will post again when that happens! Duct tape really DOES work for anything!\n8/17/11, 8:37 AM\nAnonymous said...\nCraZy this thread is 4yrs old and still going,lol! But Use Gorilla tape other than regular silver duct tape,its the best and it wont fall off all the time! Good luCk!\n9/3/11, 3:15 PM\nAnonymous said...\nI tried this and so far it seems to be working very well. It is very weird and I think interesting. The duct tape seems to make the warts mushy and soft while keeping the skin still firm and pretty regular. I have two warts that are a little bit apart from each other but I cover them with only one piece of duck tape and the skin in between isn't mushy like the warts. I just took my duck tape after it stayed on for like 3 days without falling off (which is unusual) and it smells terrible but you can't even tell when the tape is on, if anything I think of that as a positive sign... I assume the dead skin was just startting to stink. Also a thing I do is while its mushy I go at it with a finger nail clipper. Pain free and you take some big chucks off there. Also tweezers to pick out the black specks (roots).\nNice Job on the article,\nKevin\n9/9/11, 7:16 PM\nAnonymous said...\nI have two warts on my right hand - the first under my middle fingernail and the second between my middle finger and ring finger. I have gone to the doctor about three times to get them frozen off - and also used Dr. Scholl's wart remover about five times. Nothing.\nNot to mention, it's probably underneath my fingernail now, and so the option might be to cut off the fingernail and get the root of it. Ouch, indeed.\nSo I've had the duct tape on for about 24 hours now, and already my fingernail is tender and hurting, and I can feel a throbbing underneath my nail. I'm taking that as a good sign that the immune response has begun.\nBecause of the location of both warts, I had to completely cover the top of my middle finger and wrap the tape around the base of my finger. The duct tape started to irritate my non-warty fingernail and so I put some cotton over the n | null | null | null | 1 | 7 | 1 |
Study Shows How Music Is Used to Regulate Emotion & Mood\nMENUMENU\nConditions\nAddictions\nSubstance Use Symptoms\nOpioid Use Symptoms\nSubstance Use Treatment\nADHD Overview\nAdult ADHD Symptoms\nAdult ADHD Treatment\nADHD Quiz\nChildhood ADHD\nChildhood ADHD Symptoms\nChildhood ADHD Treatment\nChildhood ADHD Quiz\nAnxiety & Panic\nGeneral Anxiety Symptoms\nAnxiety Treatment\nPanic Disorder Symptoms\nPanic Disorder Treatment\nAnxiety Test\nAutism\nAutism Symptoms\nAutism Treatment\nAsperger's Symptoms\nAsperger's Treatment\nAutism Test\nBipolar Disorder\nBipolar Disorder Symptoms\nBipolar Disorder Treatment\nBipolar Disorder Test\nDepression\nDepression Symptoms\nSeasonal Affective Disorder\nPostpartum Depression\nDepression Treatment\nDepression Test\nEating Disorders\nAnorexia Symptoms\nAnorexia Treatment\nBinge Eating Symptoms\nBinge Eating Treatment\nBulimia Symptoms\nBulimia Treatment\nBinge Eating Test\nEating Attitudes Test\nEating Disorders Test\nOCD\nOCD Symptoms\nOCD Treatment\nOCD Test\nPTSD\nPTSD Symptoms\nPTSD Treatment\nPTSD Test\nSchizophrenia\nSchizophrenia Symptoms\nSchizophrenia Treatment\nSchizophrenia Guide\nSchizophrenia Test\nParenting Issues\nPersonality\nPersonality Test\n16-Type Personality Test\nAll Personality Tests\nRelationship Issues\nSex & Relationship Tests\nSleep Disorders\nSleep Test\nCoping with Stress\nAll Mental Disorders\nQuizzes\nADHD Test\nAnxiety Test\nAutism Test\nBipolar Test\nDepression Test\nEating Disorders Test\nGrief Test\nPersonality Tests\nRelationship Tests\nSchizophrenia Test\nNews/Experts\nAsk the Therapist\nBlogs & Experts\nDaily Psychology News\nMental Health Podcasts\nWorld of Psychology Blog\nResearch/Resources\nEncyclopedia\nFind a Clinical Trial\nForums & Support Groups\nResource Directory\nFind Help\nAsk the Therapist\nDrugs & Medications\nFind a Therapist\nForums & Support Groups\nMood Tracker\nPsychotherapy 101\nPro\nFind a Job\nSubmit a Job\nNew England Psychologist\nFind help or get online counseling now\nadvertisement\nHome » News » Study Shows How Music Is Used to Regulate Emotion & Mood\nStudy Shows How Music Is Used to Regulate Emotion & Mood\nBy Janice Wood\nAssociate News Editor\nLast updated: 8 Aug 2018\n~ 2 min read\nThe music we listen to reveals a lot about our mental health, according to new research.\nA new brain imaging study has found that our neural responses to different types of music affect our emotion regulation.\nEmotion regulation is an essential component to mental health, according to scientists. Poor emotion regulation is associated with psychiatric mood disorders, such as depression.\nClinical music therapists know the power music can have over emotions, and are able to use music to help their clients to better mood states and even to help relieve symptoms of psychiatric mood disorders, like depression.\nBut many people also listen to music on their own as a means of regulating emotions, and not much is known about how this affects mental health.\nThat led researchers at the Centre for Interdisciplinary Music Research at the universities of Jyväskylä and Aalto in Finland and Aarhus University in Denmark to investigate the relationship between mental health, music listening habits, and neural responses to music by looking at a combination of behavioral and neuroimaging data.\n“Some ways of coping with negative emotion, such as rumination, which means continually thinking over negative things, are linked to poor mental health. We wanted to learn whether there could be similar negative effects of some styles of music listening,” said University of Jyväskylä graduate student Emily Carlson, a music therapist and main author of the study.\nVolunteers were assessed on several markers of mental health, including depression, anxiety, and neuroticism. They also reported the ways they most often listened to music to regulate their emotions.\nAnalysis showed that anxiety and neuroticism were higher in people who tended to listen to sad or aggressive music to express negative feelings, particularly in men.\n“This style of listening results in the feeling of expression of negative feelings, not necessarily improving the negative mood,” says Dr. Suvi Saarikallio, co-author of the study and developer of the Music in Mood Regulation (MMR) test.\nTo investigate the brain’s unconscious emotion regulation processes, the researchers recorded the participants’ neural activity using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) as they listened to snippets of happy, sad, and fearful-sounding music.\nWhat the study revealed is that men who tended to listen to music to express negative feelings had less activity in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). In females who tended to listen to music to distract from negative feelings, however, there was increased activity in the mPFC.\n“The mPFC is active during emotion regulation,” said Dr. Elvira Brattico, the senior author of the study. “These results show a link between music listening styles and mPFC activation, which could mean that certain listening styles have long-term effects on the brain.”\n“We hope our research encourages music therapists to talk with their clients about their music use outside the session and encourages everyone to think about the how the different ways they use music might help or harm their own well-being,” concluded Carlson.\nThe study was published in the journal Frontiers in Human Neuroscience.\nSource: Academy of Finland\nMan listening to music photo by shutterstock.\nStudy Shows How Music Is Used to Regulate Emotion & Mood\nRelated Articles\nJanice Wood\nJanice Wood is a long-time writer and editor who began working at a daily newspaper before graduating from college. She has worked at a variety of newspapers, magazines and websites, covering everything from aviation to finance to healthcare.\nAPA Reference\nWood, J. (2018). Study Shows How Music Is Used to Regulate Emotion & Mood. Psych Central. Retrieved on April 19, 2019, from https://psychcentral.com/news/2015/10/25/study-shows-how-music-is-used-to-regulate-emotion-mood/93886.html\nLast updated: 8 Aug 2018\nLast reviewed: By a member of our scientific advisory board on 8 Aug 2018\nPublished on Psych Central.com. All rights reserved.\nDepression\nOverview Symptoms Causes Treatment Quiz FAQ In-depth Look Support Groups Blogs Books Library Resources\nHot Topics Today\n1\nThe Three Jesuses of Narcissists\n2\nJealous Mothers Competing with their Daughters\n3\nNarcissist's Mixed Messages\n4\nIs Shaming Yourself a Habit? 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Learn more. | 2019-04-19T18:12:37Z | "https://psychcentral.com/news/2015/10/25/study-shows-how-music-is-used-to-regulate-emotion-mood/93886.html" | psychcentral.com | 1 | 5 | 1 |
Tylenol (Acetaminophen) Treatment of Osteoporosis and Other Conditions - theRAconnection\nTop StoriesPsoriatic ArthritisAnkylosing SpondylitisSystemic LupusOsteoarthritisRheumatoid Arthritis\nFind your maven\ntheRAconnection\nPsoriatic Arthritis\nAnkylosing Spondylitis\nSystemic Lupus\nOsteoarthritis\nRheumatoid Arthritis\nThe Spine Community\nCancer Connect\nOsteoporosis\nWomen's Health\nLogin\nMaven Doctors\nHome\nOsteoarthritis\nTylenol (Acetaminophen) Treatment of Osteoporosis and Other Conditions\nbyMedMaven\nJun 12, 2018\nTylenol-understand its use and side effects for the management of arthritis and other symptoms.\nTylenol (Acetaminophen) Treatment of Osteoporosis and Other Conditions\nTylenol belongs to a class of drugs called analgesics (pain relievers) and antipyretics (fever reducers). Tylenol relieves pain by elevating the pain threshold, meaning it requires a greater amount of pain to develop before a person feels it. It reduces fever by acting on the heat-regulating center of the brain, causing the center to lower your body’s temperature. The exact mechanism of action of action is not known. It may reduce the brains’ production of prostaglandins, which are chemicals that cause inflammation and swelling.\nThe greatest risk for severe liver injury happens when people take more than the prescribed dose of acetaminophen, take more than one acetaminophen-containing product at the same time, or drink alcohol while taking acetaminophen. Severe liver injury can lead to liver failure, liver transplant, and death.\nAmerican College of Rheumatology Recommendations for Tylenol:\nThe recommended dose for adults is 325 mg every 4 hours or 500 mg every 8 hours when using immediate release formulations. The dose for extended release caplets is 1300 mg every 8 hours.\n· For patients with OA of the knee or hip, ACR recommends that patients who do not get adequate pain relief with intermittent dosing of OTC acetaminophen, OTC NSAIDs, and/or OTC nutritional supplements should be treated with consistent, higher dosing of acetaminophen, prescription strength oral or topical NSAIDs, tramadol, or intraarticular corticosteroid injections.\n· For patients with OA of the hand, ACR does not recommend for or against acetaminophen.\nPossible Side Effects of Acetaminophen?\nAcetaminophen is generally very safe depending on your age and other illnesses that might affect whether you can take acetaminophen. If you have any type of liver problems, take other medications that can damage the liver, or drink three or more alcoholic drinks per day, you may not be able to take even OTC acetaminophen or must be followed very closely by your doctor.\nThe most common side effects of acetaminophen are rash, nausea and headache. If you notice any of these symptoms, get medical care right away:\n· Swelling of the face, mouth, and throat\n· Difficulty breathing\n· Itching or rash\n· Nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, or severe stomach pain\n· Trouble passing urine or change in the amount of urine\n· Light-headedness, sweating, fainting, or weakness\n· Unusual bruising or bleeding\n· Yellowing of the skin or whites of your eyes\nSymptoms of liver damage include:\n· Yellowing of your skin or the whites of your eyes (jaundice)\n· Pain in the upper right area of your abdomen\n· Nausea or vomiting\n· Loss of appetite\n· Fatigue\n· Sweating more than usual\n· Pale skin\n· Unusual bruising or bleeding\n· Dark or tea-colored urine\n· Dark, tarry stools\nMonitor for Side Effects\nLet your doctor know if you have unpleasant side effects like nausea or headache. Don’t “grin and bear it.” Your rheumatologist may be able to lower your dose or suggest another medicine for your pain. Don’t try to treat severe side effects on your own. Though rare, some people are allergic to acetaminophen. Call your doctor immediately if you notice any signs of an allergic reaction including difficulty breathing or swallowing, hives, severe itching or swelling of the throat, face, lips or tongue.\nLiver damage is not likely if you take acetaminophen at the recommended dose. However, liver damage can occur if you take too much. If your doctor suspects liver damage, he or she can order blood tests that check the health of your liver.\nHow to Prevent or Reduce Side Effects\nAdults should not take more than 3 g (3,000 mg) of acetaminophen in a 24-hour period to help prevent liver damage. Acetaminophen overuse is more common than people think, because acetaminophen is a common ingredient in many different OTC drugs such as cough and cold medications or certain sleep aids that also control pain.\n· Take the lowest possible dose you need to manage your pain.\n· Take note of other sources of acetaminophen you may be taking, such as OTC cough and cold medicines.\n· Take your medicine with food, such as your normal meals or a snack. It should be noted that taking acetaminophen with food will not lower your risk of liver damage.\n· If you are also taking an NSAID, discuss with your doctor the synergistic effect of acetaminophen with NSAIDs to allow the minimum NSAID dose possible.\nIn 2014 the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) began asking doctors to stop prescribing combination medications that contain more than 325 milligrams of acetaminophen per pill because of concerns about liver damage. The move was one of a series of actions the FDA took to limit high-dose use of the drug. The FDA also asked drug makers to stop producing combination prescription medications with more than 325 milligrams of acetaminophen (which typically contain acetaminophen plus an opioid painkiller such as codeine).\nReferences\n1.\nPage Not Found\nPage Last Updated: Not available Note: If you need help accessing information in different file formats,…\nwww.fda.gov\n2.\nAcetaminophen (Tylenol) Side Effects\nAre there side effects of acetaminophen (Tylenol)? There are, they can be serious, and they can usually be avoided. Learn how.\nwww.healthline.com\n3.\nAcetaminophen: MedlinePlus Drug Information\nAcetaminophen: learn about side effects, dosage, special precautions, and more on MedlinePlus\nmedlineplus.gov\n4.\nCurrent research on pharmacologic and regenerative therapies for osteoarthritis | Bone Research\nReview Article\nwww.nature.com\nBy David Borenstein MD, past president American College Rheumatology & CH Weaver MD Medical Editor\nComment\nComments\nSort: Newest\nFeatured\n22\nCommunity\n7\n1\n1\nRheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis - Understand the Difference\nRheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis a fundamentally different types of arthritis with very different treatments.\ntheRAConnection\nOct 6, 2018\n1\nOsteoarthritis - Content - Connections - Community. Welcome!\nExperts, advocates, patients and caregivers all committed to creating community and sharing information and support.\ntheRAConnection\nJun 28, 2018\nTreatment of Osteoarthritis\nA comprehensive overview of treatment options for osteoarthritis.\ntheRAConnection\nJun 20, 2018\n1\n1\nGlucosamine and Chondroitin Sulfate Use in Arthritis -What You Need to Know\nDr. David Borenstein Explains the role of Glucosamine and Chondroitin Sulfate in Arthritis -What You Need to Know!\nMedMaven\nOct 11, 2018\n1\n1\nDoes Aquatic Exercise Decrease Low Back Pain?\nRecent study suggests that aquatic exercise can improve back pain from arthritis and inflammatory conditions.\nMedMaven\nJun 18, 2018\n1\nTriVisc Now Available to Treat Osteoarthritis Knee Pain in the United States\nNew treatment option available to treat osteoarthritis.\nMedMaven\nJan 25\n1\nTreatment of Osteoarthritis With Complementary and Alternative Medicine\nA summary of Integrative Medicine and non pharmacological treatment approaches to arthritis.\nMedMaven\nJul 2, 2018\n1\nOverview of Osteoarthritis\nAt first glance the word arthritis seems straightforward: it means “joint inflammation.”\ntheRAConnection\nJun 18, 2018\n1\nCDC Reports More Americans Have Arthritis Then Previously Thought\nArthritis is common: both osteo and inflammatory-learn more.\nMedMaven\nJun 20, 2018 | 2019-04-19T22:19:26Z | "https://mavendoctors.io/theraconnection/osteoarthritis/tylenol-acetaminophen-treatment-of-osteoporosis-and-other-conditions-XEU0W3_jZUqkyzeoVqS6YQ/" | mavendoctors.io | 0 | 4 | 1 |
Magnesium Taurate Supplements - 2019 - Product Rankers | Expert Product Rankings | Find Only The Best Reviews\nHome\nReview Categories\nBlog\nAbout Us\nContact\nMore\nScholarship\nBrand Assets\nHome\nReview Categories\nBlog\nAbout Us\nContact\nSearch\nHome\nKids and Baby\nHome\nKids and Baby\nLast updated: February 19, 2019\nMagnesium Taurate Supplements – 2019\nBy Sara Fletcher\nPublished 8:23 am\nMagnesium is one of the most significant minerals in the human body. It is an amino acid mineral complex that contains both magnesium and taurine and are then made into magnesium taurate supplements. These magnesium taurate supplements commonly come in capsule or tablet forms.\nMagnesium taurate supplements\nMagnesium taurate supplements are known for its contribution to heart health and its help in promoting calmness to the sympathetic nervous system, especially to those who are suffering from anxiety. These supplements are mainly a form of elemental magnesium combined with taurine, which is an amino acid. Taurine is a conditional amino acid thus it can be produced by the body. It found in large concentrations in the brain, eyes, heart, and in the blood. Despite the fact that this amino acid can be produced by the body, many people still benefit from taking these magnesium taurate supplements. Also, some people may have problems with taurine production or other health problems, that is why they turn to the help of supplements.\nMagnesium taurate supplements have been known to improve and help with cardiovascular health, migraines, cases of depression, and prevention of neurodegenerative disorders. This combination of magnesium and taurine has also been researched and studied for its protective effects on blood vessels. This type of magnesium supplement is best suited for cardiovascular health, promote relaxation, and brain health.\nMagnesium taurate is not the only available magnesium supplement available on the market today.\nOther types of Magnesium supplements\nMagnesium Ascorbate, Magnesium Aspartate , Magnesium Bicarbonate, Magnesium Carbonate, Magnesium Chloride, Magnesium Citrate, Magnesium Fumarate, Magnesium Gluconate, Magnesium Glutamate, Magnesium Glycinate, Magnesium Hydroxide, Magnesium Lactate, Magnesium Lysinate, Magnesium Malate, Magnesium Orotate, Magnesium Oxide, Magnesium Phosphate, Magnesium Pidolate, Magnesium Sulfate.\nMagnesium Taurate Benefits\nGood heart health\nMagnesium taurate brings many cardiovascular benefits. As we all know, the heart is the most important muscle and the mineral magnesium plays a vital role in improving and promoting efficient muscle performance. Elevated magnesium levels in the human body is a good way to prevent irregular heartbeat and palpitations. It may also prevent myocardial infarction (heart attack). Taurine also has a powerful and good effect on the heart and blood vessels.\nThese magnesium taurate supplements contain both magnesium and taurate. Taurate may be converted into taurine. This supplement makes a good combination to maintain a happy and healthy heart. This supplement may be able to prevent arrhythmia (problem with the rate and rhythm of the heartbeat) and improve the heart’s pumping function since the normal heart rhythms and contractions rely on magnesium. It also effectively prevents cardiovascular problems by improving oxygen uptake and regulation of blood circulation to maintain the overall function of the heart. Magnesium intake can also help in lowering blood pressure plus it can reduce the possibility of atherosclerosis.\nRegulation of electrolytes (sodium, potassium, and calcium)\nMagnesium is also an electrolyte that is involved in the important metabolic and enzyme activities in the body. The levels of magnesium in the body are linked to calcium, sodium, and potassium metabolism since magnesium is required for proper transport of electrolytes across the cell membranes, and are regulated in the kidneys. Magnesium taurate supplement is a good source of magnesium and taking them will help you get all the magnesium you need for optimum electrolyte balance, body performance, and good metabolism.\nRelieves muscle aches and promote good muscular function\nAs mentioned above, magnesium has a significant role in muscle performance. And other than the role in muscle performance and muscle contractions, magnesium also plays a big part in the relaxation of muscles. Lack of magnesium will result in muscle spasms, whereas enough magnesium will help your muscles to relax and contract in the right way. This will help you move easily without pain, spasms, and discomfort.\nRemember that magnesium also regulates calcium in your body and too much calcium can lead to problems in muscle control. Your muscles even the heart can develop complications due to excess calcium. The use of magnesium taurate supplements helps in controlling the level of magnesium hence preventing cases where calcium can accumulate in your body to an extent where it will interfere with proper muscular function.\nCalms the nerves and improve sleeping patterns\nMagnesium taurate is necessary for GABA function. Gamma-aminobutyric acid, or GABA, is a neurotransmitter that sends chemical messages through the brain and the nervous system and is involved in regulating communication between brain cells. The role of GABA is to inhibit or reduce the activity of the neurons or nerve cells (L. Konkel, 2015).\nPeople who lack magnesium in their system tend to have trouble sleeping and stressing their brain. Lack of enough sleep exposes you to many possible illnesses. Regularly taking magnesium taurate supplements can help in having relaxed nerves and mind. It will also help you reduce your risks of anxiety, depression, developing insomnia and other sleep disorders.\nPrevent migraines\nMagnesium combined with taurate/taurine is the best form of magnesium supplement to ease and prevent a painful migraine. Experts also recommend that you can combine magnesium taurate supplements with fish oil to prevent and reduce migraine attacks.\nA nutritional combination of magnesium taurate plus fish oil has reduced “neuronal hyperexcitability” that tends to cause a migraine. Therefore, magnesium taurate also may help prevent migraines.\nEnergy boosting\nThe magnesium taurate supplements are also great energy boosters. Magnesium plays a big role in activating ATP or adenosine triphosphate that helps in creating the energy our bodies need. These supplements totally help in fighting fatigue. Magnesium taurate will also help you generate the energy you need throughout the day.\nStress management\nStress is one of the many reasons why you get sick or exposed to other health conditions. That is why it is truly important to find a supplement that will help you combat stress. Because magnesium taurate can effectively calm your nervous system and your brain so that you can rest, it will also help you in freeing your mind and body from stress. The good night sleep and helpful rest that you achieve through the magnesium taurate supplements will help you a lot in getting rid of stress. It is very important that you avoid stress so that you can also avoid certain illnesses and other possible health complications. And, you do not need to worry about what to do, since magnesium taurate supplements can totally help you with that.\nBetter digestion and proper nutrient absorption\nMagnesium taurate does not only promote better function of voluntary muscles and the heart. This effective supplement helps in relaxing and promoting better function of the digestive tract. And since it relaxes the stomach walls, it will be able to neutralize stomach acid as well. Magnesium taurate supplements can help you big time if you suffer from digestion-related conditions. Such conditions may include indigestion and constipation. Intake of magnesium taurate supplements will aid in proper digestion, therefore, allowing your body also to properly absorb nutrients.\nEase premenstrual issues\nThe magnesium in magnesium taurate supplements can help in easing and preventing premenstrual issues. These issues may include depression, bloating, headache, irritability, exhaustion or fatigue, temporary weight gain and libido loss. A daily intake of 375 milligrams may show positive results. Then you may increase it to 500 milligrams. Magnesium taurate is recommended in such cases because it can be quickly absorbed by the body (Dr. N. Shealy, 2016).\nPrevent and fight diabetes\nMagnesium taurate effectively helps the body in reversing insulin resistance. Being able to reverse insulin resistance is the most basic step not only to reverse diabetes but also certain heart diseases. There is a significant relationship between magnesium and insulin since, in the absence of insulin, magnesium will not be transported from the blood into the cells where it is required. And with low levels and concentrations of magnesium are associated with insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, and decreased insulin secretion. The body easily absorbs magnesium taurate supplements, thus can effectively improve insulin sensitivity and lowering insulin resistance.\nPrevents osteoporosis and improve bone health\nMagnesium promotes calcium uptake in the body and plays a vital role in the formation of bones. With regular intake of magnesium taurate supplements, you can avoid certain bone disorders, such as osteoporosis. These supplements play a significant role in balancing vitamin D that is also important for bone development. High dosage of magnesium leads to high bone density in each person.\nBest Magnesium Taurate supplements\n%CODE2804%\nCardiovascular Research Ltd. Magnesium Taurate Capsules\nBest for: Cardiovascular and respiratory health\nSuggested use: 1 to 2 capsules daily or as suggested by a healthcare professional\nOther ingredients:\nGelatin, calcium stearate, silicon dioxide, cellulose, croscarmellose sodium.\nA dietary supplement that contains no corn, soy, wheat or other common food and chemical allergens. This magnesium taurate supplement by Cardiovascular Research Ltd. is a fully reacted complex and not simply a blend of two materials or substances.\nMany users have been literally in awe with this supplement because with just a few takes, they have already experienced a noticeable and significant change in their day-to-day functions. Most of them got rid of their palpitations and anxiety attacks. One user who has been experiencing episodic insomnia also claimed to have better sleep after using this supplement. Some doctors also recommend and prescribe Cardiovascular Research Ltd. Magnesium Taurate Capsules for those who have magnesium deficiency. Another user who has had asthma for a long time have reduced inhaler use by 50% after regularly taking this magnesium taurate supplement.\nKAL Magnesium Taurate\nBest for: Muscle health and relaxation\nSuggested use: 2 tablets daily or as suggested by a healthcare professional\nOther Ingredients:\nCellulose, Magnesium Stearate, Silica, and Stearic Acid.\nA magnesium taurate supplement from Kal, manufactured according to GMP or good manufacturing practices. Their products have passed disintegration testing and finished product testing. This is suitable vegans and vegetarians.\nThis KAL magnesium taurate supplement has worked miracles in relieving muscle cramps and also chest pains. Users also love that this supplement does not have any adverse effects on the stomach such as diarrhea or stomach discomfort. Another user has also claimed that this particular supplement greatly helped in lowering his blood pressure.\nDouglas Laboratories Magnesium Taurate\nBest for: Easing migraine pains and anxiety attacks\nSuggested use: 3 to 4 tablets daily or as suggested by a healthcare professional\nOther Ingredients:\nCellulose, silica and vegetable stearate.\nThese magnesium taurate supplements by Douglas laboratories provide valuable support for magnesium gaps in adults. It can effectively maintain normal health function, muscle and bone strength. Douglas Laboratories develop and manufacture the right science-based, healthy aging supplements.\nA migraine sufferer swears by this magnesium taurate supplements since it effectively helps her ease the pain brought by migraines. This supplement can also significantly calm your nerves down when experiencing anxiety attacks. One feature of this supplement that many consumers never liked was the dosage. You need to take more than 2 tablets per day, and that is a great deal since you need more to achieve optimum dosage effect. Also, some people do not love that these tabs are large, although some claim that it is still easy to swallow.\nGreen Organic Supplements Super Magnesium Taurate\nBest for: Better sleep, calming down, stress management, and good muscle relaxant\nSuggested use: 1 to 3 capsules per day or as suggested by a healthcare professional\nOther Ingredients:\nPlant-derived capsule\nThe Green Organic Supplements produce magnesium taurate supplements that they carefully craft by hand, natural, and without fillers or any chemical excipients. Their main goal is to produce supplements that are high in quality and purity with best end results. Many users love has this organic supplement brought them a significant improvement in their sleeping patterns. This magnesium taurate supplement also has a good effect that calms down the nerves and manages stress. A user that has been suffering from insomnia effectively improved her sleeping patterns with the help of the Green Organic Super Magnesium Taurate supplement.\nNatural Rhythm Extra Strength Magnesium Taurate\nBest for: Heart health, proper nerve function, and stress management\nSuggested use: 1 tablet daily or as suggested by a healthcare professional\nOther Ingredients:\nMicrocrystalline cellulose, vegetable cellulose, vegetarian leucine\nThis extra strength magnesium taurate supplement by Natural Rhythm comes in a very modern and sleek packaging. It is gluten-free and suitable for consumers who are vegetarians. The supplements contain no yeast or soy and non-GMO ingredients. Natural Rhythm works to provide the best resources and products to help you fight stress and anxiety, find a sense of calmness and peacefulness, for your life’s natural rhythm.\nUsers of this supplement totally love that you only need to take a tablet per day and your good to go, compared to other supplements that you need to take more than 2 tablets to achieve optimum effect. This supplement is really effective when it comes to relaxing your brain and decreasing palpitations.\nDaily intake and safety\nThe body naturally produces magnesium and some food contains magnesium too. The maximum daily recommended intake of magnesium is 350 milligrams. A reminder that if you take more that what is required, there will be side effects like nausea, emesis, hot flushes, lethargy and muscular weakness. Since taurine is not essential, no official recommended daily intake has been declared. It is always important to consult your doctor before taking magnesium taurate and other supplements if you are not so sure about what your body needs.\nRate this item: 1.002.003.004.005.00\nSubmit Rating\nNo votes yet.\nPlease wait...\nSubscribe To Our Newsletter\nI confirm I wish to sign up to the mailing list\nProduct Rankers\nCategories\nBlog\nAbout Us\nContact\nProduct Rankers ©2019\nPrivacy Disclosure | 2019-04-21T03:17:22Z | "https://www.productrankers.com/magnesium-taurate-supplements/" | www.productrankers.com | 1 | 3 | 0 |
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But I read all the rebound symptoms and they’re talking about me. I’ve been on daily Imitrex for at least 15 years. Anyone else had Imitrex rebounding and what did you use to break the cycle/taper off the Imitrex? Prednisone 6-day packs no longer work for me. Thank you.\nreply\nBy Nancy Harris Bonk March 21, 2018 at 12:30 pm Moderator\nHi JaneInPain,\nThank you for your question. I’m sorry you are having a rough time. It is possible to have rebound from pain relievers and/or triptans. Seeing as you’ve been taking them for so long, it’s certainly possible. Stopping rebound means discontinuing the offending medication, in this case Imitrex. Let me share these articles are rebound with you that may help; https://migraine.com/living-migraine/stop-rebound-headaches/.\nI’d also like to mention pain management may not be the best solution for migraine disease. I would encourage you to seek out the expertise of a true migraine/headache disorder expert. These doctors are board certified in headache medicine, which is different than being certified in neurology. I’m currently seeing my 5th true expert and finally may be getting somewhere! When you get a moment take a look at these articles about how these doctors are different and how to find one; http://migraine.com/blog/how-are-migraine-specialists-different/ and https://migraine.com/blog/really-find-headache-specialist/.\nI hope this helps!\nNancy\nreply\nBy BrownT May 18, 2018 at 11:57 pm\nHi Janeinpain\nI find that imitrex gives me rebound headaches also. I find it is still the most effective medication to deal with my worst migraines and during an episode I prefer to find relief first and deal with tomorrow later. My approach has been to use elitriptan for the rebound as it does not rebound as much. Sorry to hear prednisone no longer works because it helps too. I also find that I need to switch medication to help regain their effectiveness.\nThere have been many migraine/pain specialist that each seem to have an approach that works for them. I just keep trying different specialists while under the care of my family doctor and over the years have collected many approaches to help me cope with the daily pain.\nI was in the hospital after what the doctors thought was a stroke (which I think was a particularly bad migraine) when after five days of intravenous medication when I actual awoke without a headache. The world was brighter with more colour and I actually felt wonderful for about two hours. I have mixed feelings about those two hours. It gave me perspective and the realization of what life felt like without pain. Certainly a mixed blessing. Most days it would be better not knowing what I have lost. Some days it is hoping to experience that feeling again.\nI find the hardest part of constant pain is keeping the hope going that some day a new medication may come out that eradicates migraines to give me back the wonderful world again. When imitrex first came out it was the first drug that could actually deal with migraines. Before imitrex it was a matter of just dulling the senses and sleep was all there was.\nKeep up the fight. Find new approaches. And hope for the future.\nreply\nBy Nancy Harris Bonk May 20, 2018 at 2:28 pm Moderator\nHi BrownT,\nThank you for sharing your thoughts with us!\nI hope to hear more from you.\nNancy\nreply\nBy NRODMAN May 29, 2018 at 5:48 pm\nHi.\nI have had chronic migraines for on/off 50years..and then there was Imitrex! It practically gave me back my life. However if my triggers were out of control, I also was getting the migraines back too soon.. at first I ignored my doctors warning of kickback headaches..however..it was true for me.\nI now have to stick strictly to the rules of every-other day. Especially for the injection..(which I haven’t seen since Dec.2017)..I can take 2 ..50mg tabs if the first isn’t working in an hour. Then it’s fine. But I cannot touch them for 2days after.\nThe rebound is a bad migraine too. And it will worsen if you don’t stop the drug for a few days.\nLately I found a magic remedy that is about to be FDA approved I hope.. which is a topical ointment that goes in your mouth.. next to where your optic nerve branches on your cheek on its way to your eye..\nthe ointment is simply ANTI-INFLAMMATORY…that I put on a swab for 2 mins a day at the top of my gum between my 1-2 molars..just where that nerve comes so close..that by osmosis you relieve the inflammation in the nerve.\nI was getting 18-20 migraines a month with 6 powerful prophylactic meds 5 years ago.. in one week, I was down to 2-4 migraines and it has never gone up!\nBut do you think the Pharma will allow some cheap effective cure be approved? When new drugs are coming out for $5,000 a year? My ointment cost me $60 last year.\nreply\nBy lmlahlum October 18, 2018 at 12:29 am\nWhat is this ointment? Please share! Thank you.\nreply\nBy JPaula August 14, 2018 at 9:42 am\nI just posted the fact that I started taking an imitrex like medicine 3 weeks ago (Naratriptan). My head has been worse.\nI have been reading the insert and find that it can increase headaches, cause stiff neck, leg cramps (I’ve had a few) and is often given with an antidepressant (can affect your mood). There were more side effects but these were the ones I am experiencing.\nreply\nBy Nancy Harris Bonk August 16, 2018 at 12:00 pm Moderator\nHi JPaula,\nI’m sorry to hear you head feel worse. You’re not taking it every day, are you? Triptans such as naratriptan are designed to be taken at the first sign of a migraine attack, no more than two to three days a week.\nI’m unable to take the pill form of triptans due to unwanted side effects, but can use the nasal sprays. I wonder if that’s something to discuss with the doctor.\nIf you’ve having four or more severe migraine attacks a month, it’s time to discuss migraine prevention with the doctor. There are over 100 medications that can be used to treat migraine!! Let me share that information with you; https://migraine.com/blog/migraine-preventives-start/.\nI hope this helps!\nNancy\nreply\nBy JPaula August 16, 2018 at 12:09 pm\nNancy, thank you for your thoughtful response. I have only taken the Naratriptan 4 times in the past month and all 4 times it was out of desperation.\nI will check back with my neurologist. She prescribed it last month. Right now I’m visiting my daughter and grandchildren on the west coast and I am in bed with a terrible migraine that intensified on the plane. Sorry to whine.\nreply\nBy Nancy Harris Bonk August 16, 2018 at 12:10 pm Moderator\nHi JPaula,\nI’m so sorry to hear you aren’t feeling well. I’ll keep my fingers crossed this migraine attack ends soon and you can get back to enjoying your family!!\nNancy\nreply\nBy Latodavia January 29, 2019 at 4:51 pm\nHi, I discovered the only thing that has ever worked for me, which is a triptan called Relpax — but I also think I rebound from it. I try to keep myself to half a pill every 2 or 3 days. If I take it 5 days in a row I know I have to suffer through an entire day (at least) to break the cycle. I usually can, though. Good luck!\nreply\nBy Nancy Harris Bonk January 30, 2019 at 3:16 pm Moderator\nHi Latodavia,\nThank you for sharing what’s working for you. I would like to mention that Relpax, a triptan, is not meant to be taken more than two to three days a week. I know there are some extreme cases where people use these medications almost daily, but it’s not optimal.\nThe thing is if we have more than four severe migraine attacks a month, it’s time to discuss migraine prevention with our doctor.\nKeep us posted on how you are feeling,\nNancy\nreply\nJoin the conversation! Log in or create an account.\nSign up for emails\nSubscribe\nBy providing your email address, you are agreeing to our privacy policy. We never sell or share your email address.\nThanks! You're all set!\nGood news - you're already subscribed! Need help? Let us know at [email protected].\nSomething's not right... Try again or let us know at [email protected].\nFollow us\nAbout Us Contact Us Terms Of Use Privacy Policy Community Rules Help Center Ad Choices\n© 2010–19 Health Union, LLC. All rights reserved. This information is not designed to replace a physician’s independent judgment about the appropriateness or risks of a procedure for a given patient. Always consult your doctor about your medical conditions. Migraine.com does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Use of the site is conditional upon your acceptance of our terms of use.\nThis site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply. | 2019-04-26T16:05:00Z | "https://migraine.com/topic/imitrex-rebound/" | migraine.com | 19 | 3 | 0 |
Natural Foods Market Migraine\nFree Membership Offer! Receive free email newsletters about healthy living, our store and more.\nYour E-mail:\nMy Account\nContact Us\nMigraine : Alternative Migraine Therapies\nDrs. Kay Judge and Maxine Barish-Wreden\nHeadaches, including migraine and tension-type headaches, are a huge medical concern in the United States, affecting more than 45 million Americans.\nWhile some people are affected by headaches only intermittently, many have frequent debilitating symptoms that lead to work absences and loss of income.\nThe American Academy of Neurology and the American Headache Society recently published new guidelines for the prevention of migraine headaches, and the updated guidelines now endorse the use of several alternative therapies to help keep migraine headaches at bay.\nThe botanical supplement that received the most attention in the new guidelines is Petadolex, which is the herb butterbur. Studies have shown that 75 mg of Petadolex taken twice daily can reduce the frequency, duration and intensity of migraine headaches by close to 50 percent, which is comparable to many of the prescription medications used to prevent migraines.\nButterbur seems to work by reducing spasms in arteries in the brain; it also acts as an anti-inflammatory agent. Butterbur is also effective in reducing allergy symptoms, so if you have both migraine headaches and allergies, butterbur would be a good choice for you.\nIt is generally well tolerated, though in sensitive people it may actually cause headaches and allergic-type symptoms, especially in those who are allergic to ragweed, marigolds and similar plants. The main concern with butterbur however is that if not prepared properly, it can be contaminated with pyrrolizidine alkaloids, which are carcinogenic; they can also cause liver and kidney damage.\nIf you try butterbur, be sure to purchase a product that says \"PA-Free,\" like Petadolex. Data suggest that Petadolex is safe in kids ages 6-17; it is not recommended in pregnancy or during lactation, however.\nOther supplements may also help to prevent migraine headaches; magnesium is probably one of the best. Many people in the U.S. are felt to be magnesium-deficient, either from poor diet or from the daily consumption of stomach acid medications and diuretics.\nCoffee, alcohol, soda and salt can also lower magnesium levels. The dose that seems to be the most effective for headache prevention is 600 mg of magnesium taken at bedtime. If you are prone to loose stools, look for magnesium glycinate or magnesium gluconate, which are less likely to cause diarrhea. If you have kidney disease, do not take high-dose magnesium supplements without talking with your doctor.\nCoenzyme Q10 (ubiquinol) may also reduce headaches, usually by about 30 percent; studies have shown that 100 mg three times daily is the effective dose; kids need smaller doses. The main side effect from Coenzyme Q10 is on your wallet - it's expensive. Melatonin may also be useful for both migraines and cluster headaches; doses range from 3 to 10 mg at bedtime.\nFeverfew has been one of the most popular herbs used to prevent migraines, though it may not work that well in capsule form. In England however, people traditionally chew two to three fresh feverfew leaves per day to prevent migraines, and in one study more than 70 percent of patients using feverfew in this way had reduced headaches.\nAnother treatment that can work wonders for migraine headaches is acupuncture. A review article published in 2009 by the well-respected Cochrane Collaboration suggested that acupuncture was at least as effective, and possibly even more effective, for migraine prevention than standard drug treatments, and it has fewer side effects to boot. Many alternative therapies take two to three months to take full effect, so be patient if you elect to try one of these.\nAnd finally, don't forget about lifestyle changes. Stress is a huge trigger for migraine headaches, and daily relaxation techniques like biofeedback and meditation can be very helpful in reducing headache recurrence. Stick to a schedule of regular healthy meals and snacks, and don't skimp on sleep. With a healthy lifestyle and the addition of a few herbs and supplements, you should be able to significantly reduce your risk of migraines.\n(Drs. Kay Judge and Maxine Barish-Wreden are medical directors of Sutter Downtown Integrative Medicine program in Sacramento, Calif. Have a question related to alternative medicine? Email [email protected].)\n©2012 The Sacramento Bee (Sacramento, Calif.) 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ST HOME REMEDIES FOR NASAL CONGESTION, SINUS, COLD, COUGH - STUFFY OR RUNNY NOSE - PART 2\nSkip to main content\nSearch This Blog\nHerbal Beauty Holics\nBEST HOME REMEDIES FOR NASAL CONGESTION, SINUS, COLD, COUGH - STUFFY OR RUNNY NOSE - PART 2\nGet link\nFacebook\nTwitter\nPinterest\nEmail\nOther Apps\nFebruary 08, 2014\n5. Cinnamon\nCinnamon contains high amount of antioxidant, cinnamon has strong antibacterial antiseptic, antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties. therefore, this is a familiar and very useful spice that has been used as a natural home remedy to treat many respiratory problems such as nasal congestion, stuffy or runny nose, sore throat, flu etc.\nCinnamon is very effective in reducing headache due to sinus, nasal congestion, add cinnamon in your tea and see the fast effect.\n1. Mix 1 tablespoon of honey with ½ tablespoon of cinnamon powder, consume this mixture twice a day. Follow this 2-3 days regularly. This mixture gives fast relief from nasal congestion, cough, cold and sinus problem.\n2. For reducing headache and stress, apply cinnamon paste on forehead. Crush 3-5 cinnamon and add few drops of water or coconut oil in it to make smooth paste of it.\nAdd ½ teaspoon of cinnamon oil or powder or crushed cinnamon in the boiling water and inhale the steam for few minutes for get rid of nasal congestion, cough, cold and sinus problem.\n6. Ginger:\nGinger has active element called Gingerol, which heals nasal congestion, cough, cold and sinus problem.\n1. Crush few ginger roots and add them into your regular/green tea. The spicy aroma of ginger tea will quickly warm up our congested nasal passage and relieve in sinus symptoms.\n2. Take 1 tablespoon fine paste of ginger and mix it with 1 tablespoon of honey and consume this paste twice a day before or after heavy meals to treat sinus problem, nasal congestion, cough, and cold.\n3. Add 1 tablespoon of fresh ginger paste in your regular/black/green tea for fast relief in nasal congestion, cough, cold and sinus.\nChew small piece of ginger every day for warm up your congested nasal passage.\n7. Apple Cider Vinegar\nApple cider vinegar contains lots of antimicrobial properties to destroy bacteria which cause nasal congestion, cough, cold and sinus. Apple cider vinegar fights sinus infection rapidly.\n1. Add 1-2 teaspoon of Apple cider vinegar in warm water and wash your nostrils/ sinus cavities.\n2. Add 2-3 teaspoon of Apple cider vinegar in boiling water and inhale the steam for few minutes. This steam will quickly warm up our congested nasal passage and relieve in sinus symptoms.\n3. Mix 1 tablespoon of Apple cider vinegar with 1 tablespoon of honey in warm cup of water and consume this mixture.\n8. Chicken broth or soup\nHot home made chicken soup reduces chest and upper respiratory infections, cough and the symptoms of cold and flu. chicken soup breaks down nasal congestion and facilitate the flow of mucus emission. It also gives relief from sore throat and to loosen thick phlegm.\nJust add garlic, ginger and black pepper in your regular chicken soup.\n9. Eucalyptus:\nEucalyptus contains strong antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties, it is very famous traditional home remedy and it has been used for healing sinusitis, nasal congestion, cough, cold etc since a long time.\n1. Add only 1/2 teaspoon dried Eucalyptus leaves or one torn up fresh Eucalyptus leaf in your regular or herbal tea, Drink this warm tea twice a day. Do not consume more Eucalyptus tea or leaves, ½ 1/2 teaspoon dried Eucalyptus leaves or one torn up fresh Eucalyptus leaf is recommended.\n2. Add 1-2 teaspoon of Eucalyptus oil in boiling water and inhale the steam for few minutes. This steam will quickly warm up our congested nasal passage and relieve in sinus symptoms.\n3. Put 2-3 eucalyptus essential oil drops on your handkerchief and inhale the aroma regularly.\n10. Peppermint Oil\nPeppermint oil acts as an expectorant and anti-inflammatory compound in nasal congestion, cough, cold and sinus. You can drink tea or....\n1. Add 2-3 Peppermint oil drops in boiling water and inhale steam for few minutes to expel mucus from nasal passages.\n2. Apply 2-3 drops of peppermint oil over the forehead for reducing headache and stress .\nBACK TO PART 1\nCold & Cough General Health Remedies Home remedies for Cold & Cough Nasal Congestion Relieve Sinus Congestion runny nose Sinus Stuffy\nGet link\nFacebook\nTwitter\nPinterest\nEmail\nOther Apps\nComments\nPost a Comment\nPopular posts from this blog\nMost Efficient Drink For Flat Tummy: Sassy Water\nMay 21, 2017\nWe call this recipe Sassy Water, in honor of its creator Prevention nutrition director Cynthia Sass, and because it's a heck of a lot perkier than plain old water. The ingredients aren't just for flavor: The ginger also helps calm and soothe your GI tract. Even more important: making it each day will help you focus on your goal of getting a flatter belly once and for all.\nDrinking water, especially Sassy Water and using low-calorie food will cause immense changes, in & on your body in only four days. Even your wrinkles can disappear. By eliminating carbohydrates, red meat, sugar, and caffeine from your daily menu, your body will stop storing water. By losing weight symptoms of weaker, light headed or nauseous are possible in this period. But, these symptoms may not happen, however. Finally, this reaction varies from person to person.\nSassy Water Recipe Ingredients: ⏩1 bowl;\n⏩8 glasses of water (filtered water is ideal);\n⏩1 middle length cucumber, chopped on slices (it is a natur…\nRead more\nHOW TO PREPARE GINGER AND GARLIC PASTE\nMay 20, 2017\nMaking all kinds of pastes and pestos for super tasty meals in minutes really couldn’t be easier, and this garlic and ginger paste is just that. Easy, quick, and packs a punch of flavor to any dish.\nGarlic is one of the most powerful antibiotics and antibacterial herbs on the planet. It is a powerful immune booster and a very important food for the allergy season.\nGinger: This herb has natural antihistamine properties, which makes it the perfect remedy for allergy seasons.\nFor this paste, you will need\nIngredients↬A hand (Immersion) blender\n↬1 Bud Garlic\n↬Ginger (About 6 inches worth)\n↬2 Tbsp. Drinking Water\nMethodSimply clean and peel both the ginger and garlic. Roughly chop the ginger and garlic then add it to a jug or deep container with some water. Blitz for about 3 mins or until a fine paste is formed.\nStore in the fridge in an airtight container for up to 2 weeks or freeze portions in ice-cube trays and keep it for up to 2 months.\nRead more\nWhat to Eat for Breakfast: Mandazi with Tea\nMay 20, 2017\nToday I’d like to start a fresh by posting one of my favorites. Mandazi with Chai!\nMandazi (also known as Maandazi or Ndao and sometimes called Mahamri or Mamri) are East African donuts. You can find these delicious donuts in large urban areas and also among the Swahili people of East Africa. Most small restaurants, called hotelis in Kenya, serve mandazi. You can also find mandazi being sold by street vendors.\nIt is a dish that can be served as a breakfast with tea, appetizer before lunch, or even a soft late night dinner to entertain your groaning stomach before going to bed.\nTrust me. I have been reading your comments and emails about mandazi and a lot of your complains have been about them being too tough or stringy after a while.\nFolks. Rejoice! because this is not!\nThey are bite size, tender and AMAZINGLY good. Don’t believe me make it and see for yourself. Before you make these addictive bites . 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Folate | Linus Pauling Institute | Oregon State University\nSkip to main content\nGoogle Tag Manager\nOREGON STATE UNIVERSITY Open search box\nLinus Pauling Institute »\nMicronutrient Information Center\nToggle menu Go to search page\nSearch Field\nExit Search\nMicronutrient Information Center\nAbout\nStaff\nContact Us\nArticles\nVitamins\nBiotin\nFolate\nNiacin\nPantothenic Acid\nRiboflavin\nThiamin\nVitamin A\nVitamin B6\nVitamin B12\nVitamin C\nSupplemental Forms\nPauling Recommendation\nVitamin D\nVitamin E\nVitamin K\nMinerals\nCalcium\nChromium\nCopper\nFluoride\nIodine\nIron\nMagnesium\nManganese\nMolybdenum\nPhosphorus\nPotassium\nSelenium\nSodium (Chloride)\nZinc\nMicronutrient Inadequacies\nAn Overview\nSubpopulations at Risk\nThe Remedy\nOther Nutrients\nCholine\nEssential Fatty Acids\nFiber\nDietary Factors\nL-Carnitine\nCoenzyme Q10\nLipoic Acid\nPhytochemicals\nCarotenoids\nChlorophyll and Chlorophyllin\nCurcumin\nFiber\nFlavonoids\nGarlic\nIndole-3-Carbinol\nIsothiocyanates\nLignans\nPhytosterols\nResveratrol\nSoy Isoflavones\nFood and Beverages\nFruit and Vegetables\nCruciferous Vegetables\nGarlic\nLegumes\nNuts\nWhole Grains\nGlycemic Index and Glycemic Load\nCoffee\nTea\nAlcoholic Beverages\nLife Stages\nChildren\nAdolescents\nPregnancy and Lactation\nOlder Adults\nResources\nGlossary\nNutrient Index\nDisease Index\nRelevant Links\nContinuing Professional Education\nBooks\nMicronutrients for Health\nRx for Health\nHealth & Disease\nGiving\nEspañol\n日本語\nAbout\nStaff\nContact Us\nArticles\nVitamins\nBiotin\nFolate\nNiacin\nPantothenic Acid\nRiboflavin\nThiamin\nVitamin A\nVitamin B6\nVitamin B12\nVitamin C\nSupplemental Forms\nPauling Recommendation\nVitamin D\nVitamin E\nVitamin K\nMinerals\nCalcium\nChromium\nCopper\nFluoride\nIodine\nIron\nMagnesium\nManganese\nMolybdenum\nPhosphorus\nPotassium\nSelenium\nSodium (Chloride)\nZinc\nMicronutrient Inadequacies\nAn Overview\nSubpopulations at Risk\nThe Remedy\nOther Nutrients\nCholine\nEssential Fatty Acids\nFiber\nDietary Factors\nL-Carnitine\nCoenzyme Q10\nLipoic Acid\nPhytochemicals\nCarotenoids\nChlorophyll and Chlorophyllin\nCurcumin\nFiber\nFlavonoids\nGarlic\nIndole-3-Carbinol\nIsothiocyanates\nLignans\nPhytosterols\nResveratrol\nSoy Isoflavones\nFood and Beverages\nFruit and Vegetables\nCruciferous Vegetables\nGarlic\nLegumes\nNuts\nWhole Grains\nGlycemic Index and Glycemic Load\nCoffee\nTea\nAlcoholic Beverages\nLife Stages\nChildren\nAdolescents\nPregnancy and Lactation\nOlder Adults\nResources\nGlossary\nNutrient Index\nDisease Index\nRelevant Links\nContinuing Professional Education\nBooks\nMicronutrients for Health\nRx for Health\nHealth & Disease\nGiving\nEspañol\n日本語\nYou are here\nVitamins » Folate\nOur recently updated articles include Potassium, Magnesium, and Lipoic Acid. If you value up-to-date, evidence-based information,\nyour donation would help support article updates.\nFolate\nContents\nSummary\nFunction\nOne-carbon metabolism\nNutrient interactions\nBioavailability\nTransport\nDeficiency\nCauses\nSymptoms\nThe RDA\nDetermination\nDietary folate equivalents\nGenetic variation\nDisease Prevention\nAdverse pregnancy outcomes\nCardiovascular disease\nCancer\nAlzheimer's disease and\ncognitive impairment\nDisease Treatment\nMetabolic diseases\nSources\nFood\nSupplements\nSafety\nToxicity\nDrug interactions\nLPI Recommendation\nAuthors and Reviewers\nReferences\nEspañol | 日本語\nSummary\nFolate is a generic term referring to both natural folates in food and folic acid, the synthetic form used in supplements and fortified food. Folate is critical in the metabolism of nucleic acid precursors and several amino acids, as well as in methylation reactions. (More information)\nSevere deficiency in either folate or vitamin B12 can lead to megaloblastic anemia, which causes fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath. Improper treatment of vitamin B12-dependent megaloblastic anemia with high dose supplemental folic acid can potentially delay the diagnosis of vitamin B12 deficiency and thus leave the individual at risk of developing irreversible brain damage. (More information)\nFolate status is influenced by the presence of genetic variations in folate metabolism, particularly those found in the 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene. (More information)\nInadequate folate status during early pregnancy increases the risk of congenital anomalies. The introduction of mandatory folic acid fortification of refined grain products in the US in 1998 has reduced the prevalence of neural tube defects (NTDs) in newborns. Yet, folate status is considered inadequate in a majority of women of childbearing age worldwide. Moreover, genetic factors might modify the risk of NTDs by increasing the susceptibility to folate deficiency during pregnancy. Several studies are currently investigating the role of folic acid supplementation in the prevention of congenital anomalies other than NTDs. (More information)\nFolate deficiency and elevated concentrations of homocysteine in the blood are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although folic acid supplementation has been proven effective to control circulating homocysteine concentrations, the effect of homocysteine lowering on the incidence of CVD is still debated. (More information)\nLow folate status has been linked to increased cancer risk. However, intervention trials with high doses of folic acid have not generally shown any benefit on cancer incidence. (More information)\nProspective cohort studies have reported an inverse association between folate status and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, especially among men. The relationship between folate status and cancer risk is however complex and requires further research. (More information)\nFolate is essential for brain development and function. Low folate status and/or high homocysteine concentrations are associated with cognitive dysfunction in aging (from mild impairments to dementia). Whether supplemental B-vitamins, including folic acid, will have long-term benefits in maintaining cognitive health is not yet known. (More information)\nSeveral autosomal recessive disorders affecting folate transport and metabolism can be treated with high doses of folinic acid, a folate derivative. (More information)\nFolate is a water-soluble B-vitamin, which is also known as vitamin B9 or folacin. Naturally occurring folates exist in many chemical forms; folates are found in food, as well as in metabolically active forms in the human body. Folic acid is the major synthetic form found in fortified foods and vitamin supplements. Other synthetic forms include folinic acid (Figure 1) and levomefolic acid. Folic acid has no biological activity unless converted into folates (1). In the following discussion, forms found in food or the body are referred to as \"folates,\" while the form found in supplements or fortified food is referred to as \"folic acid.\"\nFunction\nOne-carbon metabolism\nThe only function of folate coenzymes in the body appears to be in mediating the transfer of one-carbon units (2). Folate coenzymes act as acceptors and donors of one-carbon units in a variety of reactions critical to the metabolism of nucleic acids and amino acids (Figure 2) (3).\nNucleic acid metabolism\nFolate coenzymes play a vital role in DNA metabolism through two different pathways. (1) The synthesis of DNA from its precursors (thymidine and purines) is dependent on folate coenzymes. (2) A folate coenzyme is required for the synthesis of methionine from homocysteine, and methionine is required for the synthesis of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM). SAM is a methyl group (one-carbon unit) donor used in most biological methylation reactions, including the methylation of a number of sites within DNA, RNA, proteins, and phospholipids. The methylation of DNA plays a role in controlling gene expression and is critical during cell differentiation. Aberrations in DNA methylation have been linked to the development of cancer (see Cancer).\nAmino acid metabolism\nFolate coenzymes are required for the metabolism of several important amino acids, namely methionine, cysteine, serine, glycine, and histidine. The synthesis of methionine from homocysteine is catalyzed by methionine synthase, an enzyme that requires not only folate (as 5-methyltetrahydrofolate) but also vitamin B12. Thus, folate (and/or vitamin B12) deficiency can result in decreased synthesis of methionine and an accumulation of homocysteine. Elevated blood concentrations of homocysteine have been considered for many years to be a risk factor for some chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease and dementia (see Disease Prevention).\nNutrient interactions\nVitamin B12 and vitamin B6\nThe metabolism of homocysteine, an intermediate in the metabolism of sulfur-containing amino acids, provides an example of the interrelationships among nutrients necessary for optimal physiological function and health. Healthy individuals utilize two different pathways to metabolize homocysteine (Figure 3). One pathway (methionine synthase) synthesizes methionine from homocysteine and is dependent on both folate and vitamin B12 as cofactors. The other pathway converts homocysteine to another amino acid, cysteine, and requires two vitamin B6-dependent enzymes. Thus, the concentration of homocysteine in the blood is regulated by three B-vitamins: folate, vitamin B12, and vitamin B6 (4). In some individuals, riboflavin (vitamin B2) is also involved in the regulation of homocysteine concentrations (see the article on Riboflavin).\nRiboflavin\nAlthough less well recognized, folate has an important metabolic interaction with riboflavin. Riboflavin is a precursor of flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), a coenzyme required for the activity of the folate-metabolizing enzyme, 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR). FAD-dependent MTHFR in turn catalyzes the reaction that generates 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (see Figure 2 above). This active form of folate is required to form methionine from homocysteine. Along with other B-vitamins, higher riboflavin intakes have been associated with decreased plasma homocysteine concentrations (5). The effects of riboflavin on folate metabolism appear to be greatest in individuals homozygous for the common c.677C>T polymorphism (i.e., TT genotype) in the MTHFR gene (see Genetic variation in folate requirements) (6). These individuals (about 10% of adults worldwide) typically present with low folate status, along with elevated homocysteine concentrations, particularly when folate and/or riboflavin intake is suboptimal. The elevated homocysteine concentration in these individuals, however, is highly responsive to lowering with riboflavin supplementation, confirming the importance of the riboflavin-MTHFR interaction (7).\nVitamin C\nVitamin C may limit degradation of natural folate coenzymes and supplemental folic acid in the stomach and thus improve folate bioavailability. A cross-over trial in nine healthy men found that oral co-administration of 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid (343 μg) and vitamin C (289 mg or 974 mg) was associated with higher concentrations of serum folate compared to 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid alone (8). Moreover, a recent study suggested that several genetic variations of folate metabolism might influence the effect of vitamin C on folate metabolism (9).\nBioavailability\nDietary folates exist predominantly in the polyglutamyl form (containing several glutamate residues), whereas folic acid—the synthetic vitamin form—is a monoglutamate, containing just one glutamate moiety. In addition, natural folates are reduced molecules, whereas folic acid is fully oxidized. These chemical differences have major implications for the bioavailability of the vitamin such that folic acid is considerably more bioavailable than naturally occurring food folates at equivalent intake levels.\nThe intestinal absorption of dietary folates is a two-step process that involves the hydrolysis of folate polyglutamates to the corresponding monoglutamyl derivatives, followed by their transport into intestinal cells. There, folic acid is converted into a naturally occurring folate, namely 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, which is the major circulating form of folate in the human body (see Figure 1 above).\nThe bioavailability of naturally occurring folates is inherently limited and variable. There is much variability in the ease with which folates are released from different food matrices, and the polyglutamyl \"tail\" is removed (de-conjugation) before uptake by intestinal cells. Also, other dietary constituents can contribute to instability of labile folates during the processes of digestion. As a result, naturally occurring folates show incomplete bioavailability compared with folic acid. The bioavailability of folic acid, in contrast, is assumed to be 100% when ingested as a supplement, while folic acid in fortified food is estimated to have about 85% the bioavailability of supplemental folic acid.\nOf note, folate recommendations in the US and certain other countries are now expressed as Dietary Folate Equivalents (DFEs), a calculation that was devised to take into account the greater bioavailability of folic acid compared to naturally occurring dietary folates (see The Recommended Dietary Allowance).\nTransport\nFolate and its coenzymes require transporters to cross cell membranes. Folate transporters include the reduced folate carrier (RFC), the proton-coupled folate transporter (PCFT), and the folate receptor proteins, FRα and FRβ. Folate homeostasis is supported by the ubiquitous distribution of folate transporters, although abundance and importance vary among tissues (10). PCFT plays a major role in folate intestinal transport since mutations affecting the gene encoding PCFT cause hereditary folate malabsorption. Defective PCFT also leads to impaired folate transport into the brain (see Disease Treatment). FRα and RFC are also critical for folate transport across the blood-brain barrier when extracellular folate is either low or high, respectively. Folate is essential for the proper development of the embryo and the fetus. The placenta is known to concentrate folate to the fetal circulation, leading to higher folate concentrations in the fetus compared to those found in the pregnant woman. All three types of receptors have been associated with folate transport across the placenta during pregnancy (11).\nDeficiency\nCauses\nFolate deficiency is most often caused by a dietary insufficiency; however, folate deficiency can also occur in a number of other situations. For example, chronic and heavy alcohol consumption is associated with diminished absorption of folate (in addition to low dietary intake), which can lead to folate deficiency (12). Smoking is also associated with low folate status. In one study, folate concentrations in blood were about 15% lower in smokers compared to nonsmokers (13). Additionally, impaired folate transport to the fetus has been described in pregnant women who either smoked or abused alcohol during their pregnancy (14, 15).\nPregnancy is a time when the folate requirement is greatly increased to sustain the demand for rapid cell replication and growth of fetal, placental, and maternal tissue. Conditions such as cancer or inflammation can also result in increased rates of cell division and metabolism, causing an increase in the body's demand for folate (16). Moreover, folate deficiency can result from some malabsorptive conditions, including inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis) and celiac disease (17). Several medications may also contribute to folate deficiency (see Drug interactions). Finally, a number of genetic diseases affecting folate absorption, transport, or metabolism can cause folate deficiency or impede its metabolic functions (see Disease Treatment).\nSymptoms\nClinical folate deficiency leads to megaloblastic anemia, which is reversible with folic acid treatment. Rapidly dividing cells like those derived from bone marrow are most vulnerable to the effects of folate deficiency since DNA synthesis and cell division are dependent on folate coenzymes. When folate supply to the rapidly dividing cells of the bone marrow is inadequate, blood cell division is reduced, resulting in fewer but larger red blood cells. This type of anemia is called megaloblastic or macrocytic anemia, referring to the enlarged, immature red blood cells. Neutrophils, a type of white blood cell, become hypersegmented, a change that can be found by examining a blood sample microscopically. Because normal red blood cells have a lifetime in the circulation of approximately four months, it can take months for folate-deficient individuals to develop the characteristic megaloblastic anemia. Progression of such an anemia leads to a decreased oxygen carrying capacity of the blood and may ultimately result in symptoms of fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath (1). It is important to point out that megaloblastic anemia resulting from folate deficiency is identical to the megaloblastic anemia resulting from vitamin B12 deficiency, and further clinical testing is required to diagnose the true cause of megaloblastic anemia (see Toxicity).\nIndividuals in the early stages of folate deficiency may not show obvious symptoms, but blood concentrations of homocysteine may increase (see Disease Prevention). Yet, the concentration of circulating homocysteine is not a specific indicator of folate status, as elevated homocysteine can be the result of vitamin B12 and other B-vitamin deficiencies, lifestyle factors, and renal insufficiency. Subclinical deficiency is typically detected by measurement of folate concentrations in serum/plasma or in red blood cells.\nThe Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)\nDetermination of the RDA\nTraditionally, the dietary folate requirement was defined as the amount needed to prevent a deficiency severe enough to cause symptoms like anemia. The most recent RDA (1998; Table 1) was based primarily on the adequacy of red blood cell folate concentrations at different levels of folate intake, as judged by the absence of abnormal hematological indicators. Red cell folate has been shown to correlate with liver folate stores and is used as an indicator of long-term folate status. Plasma folate reflects recent folate intake and is not a reliable biomarker for folate status. Maintenance of normal blood homocysteine concentrations, an indicator of one-carbon metabolism, was considered only as an ancillary indicator of adequate folate intake.\nBecause pregnancy is associated with a significant increase in cell division and other metabolic processes that require folate coenzymes, the RDA for pregnant women is considerably higher than for women who are not pregnant (3). However, the prevention of neural tube defects (NTDs) was not considered when setting the RDA for pregnant women. Rather, reducing the risk of NTDs was considered in a separate recommendation for women capable of becoming pregnant (see Disease Prevention), because the crucial events in the development of the neural tube occur before many women are aware that they are pregnant (18).\nDietary Folate Equivalents (DFEs)\nWhen the Food and Nutrition Board of the US Institute of Medicine set the new dietary recommendation for folate, they introduced a new unit, the Dietary Folate Equivalent (DFE) (1). Use of the DFE reflects the higher bioavailability of synthetic folic acid found in supplements and fortified food compared to that of naturally occurring food folates (18).\n1 microgram (μg) of food folate provides 1 μg of DFEs\n1 μg of folic acid taken with meals or as fortified food provides 1.7 μg of DFEs\n1 μg of folic acid (supplement) taken on an empty stomach provides 2 μg of DFEs\nFor example, a serving of food containing 60 μg of folate would provide 60 μg of DFEs, while a serving of pasta fortified with 60 μg of folic acid would provide 1.7 x 60 = 102 μg of DFEs due to the higher bioavailability of folic acid. A folic acid supplement of 400 μg taken on an empty stomach would provide 800 μg of DFEs. It should be noted that DFEs were determined in studies with adults and whether folic acid in infant formula is more bioavailable than folates in mother's milk has not been studied. Use of DFEs to determine a folate requirement for the infant would not be desirable.\nTable 1. Recommended Dietary Allowance for Folate in Dietary Folate Equivalents (DFEs)\nLife Stage\nAge\nMales (μg/day)\nFemales (μg/day)\nInfants 0-6 months 65 (AI) 65 (AI)\nInfants 7-12 months 80 (AI) 80 (AI)\nChildren 1-3 years 150 150\nChildren 4-8 years 200 200\nChildren 9-13 years 300 300\nAdolescents 14-18 years 400 400\nAdults 19 years and older 400 400\nPregnancy all ages - 600\nBreast-feeding all ages - 500\nGenetic variation in folate requirements\nA common polymorphism or variation in the sequence of the gene for the enzyme, 5, 10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), known as the MTHFR c.677C>T polymorphism, results in a thermolabile enzyme (19). The substitution of a cytosine (C) by a thymine (T) at nucleotide 677 in the exon 4 of MTHFR gene leads to an alanine-to-valine transition in the catalytic domain of the enzyme. Depending on the population, 20% to 53% of individuals may have inherited one T copy (677C/T genotype), and 3% to 32% of individuals may have inherited two T copies (677T/T genotype) for the MTHFR gene (20). MTHFR catalyzes the reduction of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate (5,10-methylene THF) into 5-methyl tetrahydrofolate (5-MeTHF). The latter is the folate coenzyme required to form methionine from homocysteine (see Figure 2 above). MTHFR activity is greatly diminished in heterozygous 677C/T (-30%) and homozygous 677T/T (-65%) individuals compared to those with the 677C/C genotype (21). Homozygosity for the mutation (677T/T) is linked to lower concentrations of folate in red blood cells and higher blood concentrations of homocysteine (22, 23). Improving folate nutritional status in elderly women with the T allele reduced plasma homocysteine concentration (24). An important unanswered question about folate is whether the present RDA is enough to compensate for the reduced MTHFR enzyme activity in individuals with at least one T allele, or whether those individuals have a higher folate requirement than the RDA (25).\nDisease Prevention\nAdverse pregnancy outcomes\nNeural tube defects\nFetal growth and development are characterized by widespread cell division. Adequate folate is critical for DNA and RNA synthesis. Neural tube defects (NTDs) arise from failure of embryonic neural tube closure between the 21st and 27th days after conception, a time when many women may not even realize they are pregnant (26). NTDs include various malformations, such as lesions of the brain (e.g., anencephaly, encephalocele) or lesions of the spine (spina bifida), which are devastating and life-threatening (27). The prevalence of NTDs in the United States prior to fortification of food with folic acid was estimated to be 1 per 1,000 pregnancies (1). Results of randomized trials have demonstrated 60% to 100% reductions in NTD cases when women consumed folic acid supplements in addition to a varied diet during the periconceptional period (about one month before and at least one month after conception) (28, 29). The results of these and other studies prompted the US Public Health Service to recommend that all women capable of becoming pregnant consume 400 μg of folic acid daily to prevent NTDs. Women with a previously affected pregnancy were also advised to receive 4,000 μg (4 mg) of folic acid daily in order to reduce NTD recurrence (30). These recommendations were made to all women of childbearing age because adequate folate must be available very early in pregnancy, and because many pregnancies in the US are unplanned (31).\nDespite the effectiveness of folic acid supplementation in improving folate status, it appears that globally only 30% of women who become pregnant correctly follow the recommendation, and there is some concern that young women from minority ethnic groups and lower socio-economic backgrounds are the least likely to follow the recommendation (32-34). To decrease the incidence of NTDs, the US FDA implemented legislation in 1998 requiring the fortification of all enriched grain products with 1.4 mg of folic acid per kg of grain (see Sources). The required level of folic acid fortification in the US was initially estimated to provide 100 μg of additional folic acid in the average person's diet, though it probably provides even more due to overuse of folic acid by food manufacturers (25, 35). The National Birth Defects Prevention Network reported about a 30% decrease in the prevalence of NTDs in the US compared to the pre-fortification period, and the post-fortification prevalence of NTDs is 0.69 cases per 1,000 live births and fetal deaths (36).\nAlso, a genetic component in NTD etiology is evidenced by the increased risk in women with a family history of an NTD and also by variations in risk among ethnicities (37). Moreover, NTD occurrence can be attributed to specific folate-gene interactions. The MTHFR c.677C>T polymorphism and other genetic variations can increase the folate requirement and susceptibility for an NTD-affected pregnancy. Prior to the fortification era, a case-control study showed that both red blood cell and serum folate concentrations were significantly lower in pregnant women with the T/T and C/T variants compared to the wild-type C/C genotype (22), suggesting inadequate folate metabolism with specific maternal genotypes. A meta-analysis of 25 case-control studies, including 2,429 case mothers and 3,570 control mothers, showed a positive association between the maternal MTHFR c.677C>T polymorphism and NTDs (38). Another MTHFR variant, an A-to-C change at position 1298, has also been associated with reduced MTHFR activity and increased NTD risk (39). Individuals heterozygous for both of these MTHFR variants (677C/T + 1298A/C) exhibit lower plasma folate and higher homocysteine concentrations than individuals with 677C/T + 1298A/A (40). Combined genotypes with homozygosity G/G for the reduced folate carrier transporter (RFC-1) polymorphism (c.80A>G) could further contribute to NTD occurrence (41). The degree of NTD risk was also assessed with additional MTHFR polymorphisms (c.116C>T, c.1793G>A) (42), as well as with mutations affecting other enzymes of the one-carbon metabolism, including methionine synthase (MTR c.2756A>G) (43), methionine synthase reductase (MTRR c.66A>G) (44), and methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (MTHFD1 c.1958G>A) (45). While maternal genotype can impact pregnancy outcome, it appears that gene-gene interactions between mother and fetus influence it further. The risk of NTD was increased by certain genetic combinations, including maternal (MTHFR c.677C>T)-fetal (MTHFR c.677C>T) and maternal (MTRR c.66A>G)-fetal (MTHFR c.677C>T) interactions (43, 44, 46). Finally, vitamin B12 status has been associated with NTD risk modification in the presence of specific polymorphisms in one-carbon metabolism (47).\nCardiovascular malformations\nCongenital anomalies of the heart are a major cause of infant mortality but also cause deaths in adulthood (48). Using data from the European Registration of Congenital Anomalies and Twins (EUROCAT) database, a case-control study, involving 596 cases and 2,359 controls, found that consumption of at least 400 μg/day of folic acid during the periconceptual period (one month before conception through eight weeks' post-conception, covering the period of embryonic heart development) was associated with an 18% reduced risk of congenital heart defects (49). Recent meta-analyses of 20 to 25 case-control and family-based studies observed positive associations between maternal, fetal, or paternal MTHFR c.677C>T variant and incidence of congenital heart defects (50, 51). Additional studies are needed to elucidate the effects of gene-nutrient interactions on the risk of congenital heart defects; however, the currently available research indicates that adequate folate intake may play an important role.\nOrofacial clefts\nMaternal folate status during pregnancy may influence the risk of congenital anomalies called orofacial clefts, namely cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) (52). A population-based case-control study in Norway investigated the impact of folic acid supplements in mothers of 377 newborns with CL/P, 196 with cleft palate only (CPO) and 763 controls (53). Although dietary intakes or supplements (during the first three months of pregnancy) on their own did not significantly modify the risk of CL/P, the study reported a 64% lower risk among women taking multivitamin and folic acid (≥400 μg daily) supplements in addition to dietary folates. In the same population, polymorphisms in the cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) gene (c.699C>T) or MTHFR gene (c.677C>T; when folate intake was below 400 μg/day) appeared protective, while other gene variants in the folate/one-carbon metabolism could not be linked to CL/P (54, 55). However, a recent meta-analysis of 18 studies showed an elevation of CL/P risk with the maternal 677T/T homozygosity (56). Additional studies are needed to evaluate the risk of CL/P while integrating both genetic polymorphism and folate intake parameters. Epidemiological evidence supporting a role for folate in the risk of CPO is lacking.\nOther adverse pregnancy outcomes\nLow birth weight has been associated with increased risk of mortality during the first year of life and may also influence health outcomes during adulthood (57). A recent systematic review and meta-analysis of eight randomized controlled trials found a positive association between folic acid supplementation and birth weight; no association with length of gestation was observed (58). Additionally, a prospective cohort study of 306 pregnant adolescents associated low folate intakes and maternal folate status during the third trimester of pregnancy with higher incidence of small for gestational age births (birth weight <10th percentile) (59). Moreover, the maternal c.677C>T MTHFR genotype and increased homocysteine concentrations, considered an indicator of functional folate deficiency, have been linked to lower birth weights (60).\nElevated blood homocysteine concentrations have also been associated with increased incidence of miscarriage and other pregnancy complications, including preeclampsia and placental abruption (61). A large retrospective study showed that plasma homocysteine in Norwegian women was strongly related to adverse outcomes and complications, including preeclampsia, premature delivery, and very low birth weight, in previous pregnancies (62). A recent meta-analysis of 51 prospective cohort studies linked the c.677C>T MTHFR variant with increased risk of preeclampsia in Caucasian and East Asian populations, reinforcing the notion that folate metabolism may play a role in the condition (63). A large multicenter, randomized, controlled trial, the Folic Acid Clinical Trial (FACT), has been initiated to evaluate whether the daily supplementation of up to 5.1 mg of folic acid throughout pregnancy could prevent preeclampsia and other adverse outcomes (e.g., maternal death, placental abruption, preterm delivery) in high-risk women (64). Adequate folate intake during pregnancy protects against megaloblastic anemia (65). A recent case-control study found a reduction in risk of autism spectrum disorders with daily folic acid consumption of 600 μg or more before and during pregnancy when mother and child carried the c.677C>T MTHFR genotype (66).\nThus, it is reasonable to maintain folic acid supplementation throughout pregnancy, even after closure of the neural tube, in order to decrease the risk of other problems during pregnancy. Moreover, recent systematic reviews of observational studies found no evidence of an association between folate exposure during pregnancy and adverse health outcomes in offspring, in particular childhood asthma and allergies (67, 68).\nCardiovascular disease\nHomocysteine and cardiovascular disease\nThe results of more than 80 studies indicate that even moderately elevated concentrations of homocysteine in the blood increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) (4). Possible predispositions to vascular accidents have also been linked to genetic deficiencies in homocysteine metabolism in certain populations (69). The mechanism by which homocysteine may increase the risk of vascular disease has been the subject of a great deal of research, but it may involve adverse effects of homocysteine on blood clotting, arterial vasodilation, and thickening of arterial walls (70). Although increased homocysteine concentrations in the blood have been consistently associated with increased risk of CVD, it is unclear whether lowering circulating homocysteine will reduce CVD risk (see Folate and homocysteine). Research had initially predicted that a prolonged decrease in serum homocysteine level of 3 micromoles/liter would lower the risk of CVD by up to 25% and be a reasonable treatment goal for individuals at high risk (71, 72). However, the analysis of recent clinical trials of B-vitamin supplementation has shown that lowering homocysteine concentrations did not prevent the occurrence of a second cardiovascular event in patients with existing CVD (73, 74). Consequently, the American Heart Association recommends screening for elevated total homocysteine concentrations only in \"high risk\" individuals, for example, in those with personal or family history of premature cardiovascular disease, malnutrition or malabsorption syndromes, hypothyroidism, kidney failure, lupus, or individuals taking certain medications (nicotinic acid, theophylline, bile acid-binding resins, methotrexate, and L-dopa.\nFolate and homocysteine\nFolate-rich diets have been associated with decreased risk of CVD, including coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction (heart attack), and stroke. A study that followed 1,980 Finnish men for 10 years found that those who consumed the most dietary folate had a 55% lower risk of an acute coronary event when compared to those who consumed the least dietary folate (75). Of the three B-vitamins that regulate homocysteine concentrations, folic acid has been shown to have the greatest effect in lowering basal concentrations of homocysteine in the blood when there is no coexisting deficiency of vitamin B12 or vitamin B6 (see Nutrient interactions) (76). Increasing folate intake through folate-rich food or supplements has been found to reduce homocysteine concentrations (77). Besides, blood homocysteine concentrations have declined since the FDA mandated folic acid fortification of the grain supply in the US (25). A meta-analysis of 25 randomized controlled trials, including almost 3,000 subjects, found that folic acid supplementation with 800 μg/day or more could achieve a maximal 25% reduction in plasma homocysteine concentrations. In this meta-analysis, daily doses of 200 μg and 400 μg of folic acid were associated with a 13% and 20% reduction in plasma homocysteine, respectively (78). A supplement regimen of 400 μg of folic acid, 2 mg of vitamin B6, and 6 μg of vitamin B12 has been advocated by the American Heart Association if an initial trial of a folate-rich diet (see Sources) is not successful in adequately lowering homocysteine concentrations (79).\nSeveral polymorphisms in folate/one-carbon metabolism modify homocysteine concentrations in blood (80). In particular, the effect of the c.677C>T MTHFR variant has been examined in relation to folic acid fortification policies worldwide. The analysis of randomized trials, including 59,995 subjects without a history of CVD, revealed that the difference in homocysteine concentrations between T/T and C/C genotypes was greater in low-folate regions compared to regions with food fortification policy (3.12 vs. 0.13 micromoles/liter) (81). Although folic acid supplementation effectively decreases homocysteine concentrations, it is not yet clear whether it also decreases risk for CVD. A recent meta-analysis of 19 randomized clinical trials, including 47,921 subjects with preexisting cardiovascular or renal disease, found that homocysteine lowering through folic acid and other B-vitamin supplementation failed to reduce the incidence of CVD despite significant reductions in plasma homocysteine concentrations (74). Other meta-analyses have confirmed the lack of causality between the lowering of homocysteine and the risk of CVD (80-82), including the risk of stroke (83, 84). Consequently, the American Heart Association removed its recommendation for using folic acid to prevent cardiovascular disease in high-risk women (85). It should be noted that the majority of prevention trials to date have been performed in CVD patients with advanced disease. The evidence supporting a beneficial role for folate and related B-vitamins appears to be strongest for the primary prevention of stroke (86). The introduction of mandatory folic acid fortification has been associated with a decline in stroke-related mortality in North America, adding further support to the potential benefit of enhancing folate status and/or lowering homocysteine in the prevention of stroke (87).\nDespite the controversy regarding the role of homocysteine lowering in CVD prevention, some studies have investigated the effect of folic acid supplementation on the development of atherosclerosis, a known risk factor for vascular accidents. The measurement of the carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is a surrogate endpoint for early atherosclerosis and a predictor for cardiovascular events (88). The meta-analysis of 10 randomized trials testing the effect of folic acid supplementation showed a significant reduction in CIMT in subjects with chronic kidney diseases and in those at risk for CVD, but not in healthy participants (89). Endothelial dysfunction is a common feature in atherosclerosis and vascular disease. High doses of folic acid (400-10,000 μg/day) have been associated with improvements in vascular health in both healthy and CVD subjects (90). Although recent trials failed to demonstrate any cardiovascular protection from folic acid supplementation, low folate intake is a known risk factor for vascular disease, and more research is needed to explore the role of folate in maintaining vascular health (91).\nCancer\nCancer is thought to arise from DNA damage in excess of ongoing DNA repair and/or the inappropriate expression of critical genes. Because of the important roles played by folate in DNA and RNA synthesis and methylation, it is possible that inadequate folate intake contributes to genome instability and chromosome breakage that often characterize cancer development. In particular, DNA replication and repair are critical for genome maintenance, and the shortage in nucleotides caused by folate deficiency might lead to genome instability and DNA mutations. A decrease in 5,10-methylene THF can compromise the conversion of deoxyuridine monophosphate (dUMP) to deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP) by the enzyme thymidylate synthase (TS), causing uracil accumulation and thymine depletion. This could then lead to uracil misincorporation into DNA during replication or repair, and cause DNA damage, including point mutations and strand breaks (92). Since 5,10-methylene THF is also the MTHFR enzyme substrate, it is plausible that a reduction of MTHFR activity with the c.677C>T polymorphism may increase the use of 5,10-methylene THF for thymidylate synthesis and prevent DNA damage. However, this hypothesis might only be valid in a situation of folate deficiency (93). Conversely, it was argued that folic acid supplementation could fuel DNA synthesis, therefore promoting tumor growth. This is supported by the observation that TS can function like a tumor promoter (oncogene), while a reduction in TS activity is linked to a lower risk of cancer (94, 95). Additionally, antifolate molecules that block the thymidylate synthesis pathway are successfully used in cancer therapy (96). Folate also controls the homocysteine/methionine cycle and the pool of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), the methyl donor for methylation reactions. Thus, folate deficiency may impair DNA and protein methylation and alter the expression of genes involved in DNA repair, proliferation and cell death. Global DNA hypomethylation, a typical hallmark of cancer, causes genome instability and chromosome breaks (reviewed in 97).\nThe consumption of at least five servings of fruit and vegetables daily has been consistently associated with a decreased incidence of cancer (98). Fruit and vegetables are excellent sources of folate, which may play a role in their anti-carcinogenic effect. Observational studies have found diminished folate status to be associated with site-specific cancers. While food fortification is mandatory in the US (since 1998; see Sources), concerns about the impact of high folic acid intakes on health have delayed the practice in several other countries (99). However, the most recent meta-analyses of folic acid intervention trials (supplemental doses ranging from 500 to 5,000 μg/day for at least one year) did not show any specific benefit or harm regarding total and site-specific cancer incidence (100, 101).\nColorectal cancer\nA pooled analysis of 13 prospective cohort studies, which followed a total of 725,134 individuals for a 7 to 20-year period, revealed a modest, inverse association between dietary and total (from food and supplements) folate intake and colon cancer risk. Specifically, a 2% decrease in colon cancer risk was estimated for every 100 μg/day increase in total folate intake (102). A large US prospective study, which followed 525,488 subjects, ages 50 to 71 years between 1995 and 2006, correlated dietary folate, supplemental folic acid, and total folate intakes with a decreased colorectal cancer (CRC) risk (103). However, when stratified by gender, there was no association between dietary folate intake and CRC risk in women (103, 104). A lack of association between CRC risk and dietary, supplemental, and total folate intakes was also reported in another prospective study that followed more than 90,000 US postmenopausal women during an 11-year period encompassing pre- and post-fortification periods (105). These data suggest the possible influence of gender over CRC risk modification by folate. In the latter study, a significant but transient risk elevation was also observed during the post-fortification era; however, some have asserted that this is unlikely to be caused by increased folate intake due to mandatory fortification (106). Finally, a meta-analysis of 18 case-control studies found a slight reduction in CRC risk with folate from food (107). However, it is important to note that the case-control studies were highly heterogeneous, and that the authors stated that dietary fiber, vitamins, and alcohol intake could have confounded their results. Moreover, the lower limit of the highest quantile of folate intake was highly variable, ranging from 270 to 1,367 μg/day (107).\nWhile most epidemiological research shows a protective effect of folate against colorectal cancer development, it has been suggested that high doses of supplemental folic acid may actually accelerate tumor growth in cancer patients (108). Whereas higher folate status within the normal dietary range is widely considered to be protective against cancer, some investigators remain concerned that exposure to excessively high folic acid intakes may increase the growth of pre-existing neoplasms (108). Several clinical trials addressed the effect of folic acid supplementation in patients with a history of colorectal adenoma, with trials finding a risk reduction or no effect of supplemental folic acid (109-112). A recent meta-analysis of three large randomized controlled trials in high-risk subjects did not demonstrate any increase in colorectal adenoma recurrence in subjects supplemented with 500 or 1,000 μg/day of folic acid for 24 to 42 months when compared with placebo treatment (113).\nAs suggested earlier, the MTHFR 677T/T genotype might prevent uracil misincorporation and protect DNA integrity and stability under low-folate conditions. A meta-analysis of 62 case-control and two cohort studies revealed that while the T/T variant reduces CRC risk by 12% compared to both C/T and C/C genotypes, the risk was decreased by 30% with high (348-1,583 μg/day) versus low total folate intakes (264-450 μg/day), irrespective of the genotype (114). A common polymorphism (c.2756A>G) in the MTR gene, which codes for methionine synthase, was also examined in relation with the risk of colorectal adenoma and cancer. Methionine synthase catalyzes the simultaneous conversion of homocysteine and 5-methylene THF into methionine and TFH, respectively. The recent meta-analysis of 27 case-control studies showed no association between MTR variant and cancer risk (115).\nAlthough alcohol consumption interferes with the absorption and metabolism of folate (16), one case-control and five prospective cohort studies have reported either reduction in CRC risk among nondrinkers compared to drinkers or a lack of association (107). However, in a large prospective study that followed more than 28,000 male health professionals for 22 years, intake of more than two alcoholic drinks (>30 grams of alcohol) per day augmented CRC risk by 42% during the pre-fortification period. CRC risk was not increased during the post-fortification period, suggesting that it is the combination of high alcohol and low folate intake that might increase CRC risk. Yet, another prospective study that followed more than 69,000 female nurses for 28 years did not report a significant increase in CRC risk with alcohol intake before and after the mandatory folic acid fortification (116). In some studies, individuals who are homozygous for the c.677C>T MTHFR polymorphism (T/T) have been found to be at decreased risk for colon cancer when folate intake is adequate. However, when folate intake is low and/or alcohol intake is high, individuals with the (T/T) genotype have been found to be at increased risk of colorectal cancer (117, 118).\nBreast cancer\nSeveral prospective cohort and case-control studies investigating whether folate intake affects breast cancer risk have reported mixed results (119). A meta-analysis of 15 prospective studies and one nested case-control study found no relationship with dietary folate intake (120). Moderate alcohol intake has been associated with increased risk of breast cancer in women (121). The results of three prospective studies suggested that increased folate intake may reduce the risk of breast cancer in women who regularly consume alcohol (122-124). Thus, high folate intake might be associated with a risk reduction only in women whose breast cancer risk is raised by alcohol consumption. A very large prospective study in more than 88,000 nurses reported that folic acid intake was not associated with breast cancer in women who consumed less than one alcoholic drink per day. However, in women consuming at least one alcoholic drink per day, folic acid intake of at least 600 μg daily resulted in about half the risk of breast cancer compared with women who consumed less than 300 μg of folic acid daily (124). Nevertheless, whether and how alcohol consumption increases breast cancer risk is still subject to discussion (125, 126). Finally, recent meta-analyses evaluating the influence of polymorphisms in one-carbon metabolism on cancer risk found that specific variants in the gene encoding thymidylate synthase increased the risk of breast cancer in certain ethnic populations (127, 128).\nChildhood cancers\nThe incidence of Wilms' tumors (kidney cancer) and certain types of brain cancers (neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroblastoma, and ependymoma) in children has decreased since the mandatory fortification of the US grain supply in 1998 (129). However, incidence rates were unchanged between the pre- and post-fortification periods for leukemia—a predominant childhood malignancy. Despite earlier studies linking maternal folic acid supplementation during pregnancy with the reduced risk of childhood leukemia, more recent investigations have found little evidence to support a preventive effect of folic acid (130). Several meta-analyses have also found little to no protective effect with MTHFR polymorphisms; however, the most recent meta-analysis of 22 case-control studies found a reduction in the risk of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with the c.677C>T variant in Caucasians and Asians (131).\nAlzheimer's disease and cognitive impairment\nAlzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, affecting more than 5 million individuals over 65 years old in the US (132). β-amyloid plaque deposition, Tau protein-forming tangles, and increased cell death in the brain of AD patients have been associated with cognitive decline and memory loss. One study associated increased consumption of fruit and vegetables, which are abundant sources of folate, with a reduced risk of developing dementia and AD in women (133). Through its role in nucleic acid synthesis and methyl donor provision for methylation reactions, folate is critical for normal brain development and function, not only during pregnancy and after birth, but also later in life (134). In one cross-sectional study of elderly women, AD patients had significantly higher homocysteine and lower red blood cell folate concentrations compared to healthy individuals. However, there was no difference in the level of serum folate between groups, suggesting that long-term folate status, rather than recent folate intake, may be associated with the risk of AD (135).\nSeveral investigators have described associations between increased homocysteine concentrations and cognitive impairment in the elderly (136), but prospective cohort studies have not found higher folate intakes to be associated with improved cognition (137, 138). Higher homocysteine concentrations were found in individuals suffering from dementia, including AD and vascular dementia, compared to healthy subjects (139, 140). Although deficiencies in folate, vitamin B12, and vitamin B6 could increase homocysteine concentrations, a reduction in vitamin concentrations in the serum of AD patients compared to healthy individuals could not be attributed to decreased vitamin intakes (141). It is not presently clear whether serum homocysteine is a risk factor for developing dementia or simply associated with the cognitive decline. In the last decade, a number of clinical trials have tested the use of B-vitamins to lower homocysteine and prevent or delay cognitive decline. A meta-analysis of nine randomized, placebo-controlled trials of folic acid supplementation (0.2 to 15 mg/day for a median duration of six months) in healthy individuals over 45 years of age failed to find a short-term effect on cognitive functions, including memory, speed, language, and executive functions (142). More recently, a meta-analysis of 19 randomized, placebo-controlled trials of B-vitamin supplementation found no difference in cognitive parameters between the treatment and placebo groups, despite the treatment effectively lowering homocysteine concentrations (143). Inconsistent findings across trials may be due to differences in design and methodology (reviewed in 144).\nNevertheless, a two-year randomized, placebo-controlled trial in 168 elderly subjects with mild cognitive impairment recently described the benefits of a daily regimen of 800 μg of folic acid, 500 μg of vitamin B12, and 20 mg of vitamin B6 (145, 146). Atrophy of specific brain regions affected by AD was observed in individuals of both groups, and this atrophy correlated with cognitive decline; however, the B-vitamin treatment group experienced a smaller loss of gray matter compared to the placebo group (0.5% vs. 3.7%). A greater benefit was seen in subjects with higher baseline homocysteine concentrations, suggesting the importance of lowering circulating homocysteine in prevention of cognitive decline and dementia. Although encouraging, the effect of B-vitamin supplementation needs to be further studied in larger trials that evaluate long-term outcomes, such as the incidence of AD.\nDisease Treatment\nMetabolic diseases\nFolinic acid (see Figure 1 above), a tetrahydrofolic acid derivative, is used in the clinical management of rare inborn errors that affect folate transport or metabolism (reviewed in 147). Such conditions are of autosomal recessive inheritance, meaning only individuals receiving two copies of the mutated gene (one from each parent) develop the disease.\nHereditary folate malabsorption\nHereditary folate malabsorption is caused by mutations in the SLC46A1 gene coding for the folate transporter PCFT and typically affects gastrointestinal folate absorption and folate transport into the brain (148). Patients present with low to undetectable concentrations of folate in serum and cerebrospinal fluid, pancytopenia (low number of all blood cells), impaired immune responses that increase susceptibility to infections, and a general failure to thrive (149). Neurologic symptoms, including seizures, have also been observed (150). Clinical improvements have been recorded following parenteral provision of folinic acid (151).\nCerebral Folate Deficiency (CFD) syndrome\nCFD is characterized by low levels of folate coenzymes in cerebrospinal fluid despite normal concentrations of folate in blood. Folate transport across the blood-brain barrier is compromised in CFD and has been linked either to the presence of antibodies blocking the folate receptor FRα or to mutations in the FOLR1 gene encoding FRα (152, 153). Neurologic abnormalities, along with visual and hearing impairments, have been described in children with CFD; autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is present in some cases. Folinic acid (also known as leucovorin) can enter the brain and normalize the level of folate coenzymes and has been shown to normalize folate concentrations and improve various social interactions in CFD, including mood, behavior, and verbal communication in children with ASD (152, 154, 155).\nDihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) deficiency\nDHFR is the NADPH-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of dihydrofolic acid (DHF) to tetrahydrofolic acid (THF). DHFR is also required to convert folic acid to DHF. DHFR deficiency is characterized by megaloblastic anemia and cerebral folate deficiency causing intractable seizures and mental deficits. Although folinic acid treatment can alleviate the symptoms of DHFR deficiency, early diagnosis is essential to prevent irreversible brain damage and improve clinical outcomes (156, 157).\nSources\nFood sources\nGreen leafy vegetables (foliage) are rich sources of folate and provide the basis for its name. Citrus fruit juices, legumes, and fortified foods are also excellent sources of folate (1); the folate content of fortified cereal varies greatly. A number of folate-rich foods are listed in Table 2, along with their folate content in micrograms (μg). For more information on the nutrient content of specific foods, search the USDA food composition database.\nTable 2. Some Food Sources of Folate and Folic Acid\nFood\nServing\nFolate (μg DFEs)\nLentils (mature seeds, cooked, boiled) ½ cup 179\nGarbanzo beans (chickpeas, cooked, boiled) ½ cup 141\nAsparagus (cooked, boiled) ½ cup (~6 spears) 134\nSpinach (cooked, boiled) ½ cup 131\nLima beans (large, mature seeds, cooked, boiled) ½ cup 78\nOrange juice (raw) 6 fl. oz. 56\nSpaghetti (enriched, cooked) 1 cup 167*\nWhite rice (enriched, cooked) 1 cup 153*\nBread (enriched) 1 slice 84*\n*To help prevent neural tube defects, the US FDA required the addition of 1.4 milligrams (mg) of folic acid per kilogram (kg) of grain to be added to refined grain products, which are already enriched with niacin, thiamin, riboflavin, and iron, as of January 1, 1998. The addition of nutrients to food in order to prevent a nutritional deficiency or restore nutrients lost in processing is known as fortification. The FDA initially estimated that this level of fortification would increase dietary intake by an average of 100 μg folic acid/day (26). However, further evaluations based on observational studies suggested increases twice that predicted by the FDA (35). The prevalence of low folate concentrations in both serum and red blood cells is currently below 1% in the US population, compared to 24% and 3.5%, respectively, before the fortification period (158).\nSupplements\nThe principal form of supplementary folate is folic acid. It is available in single-ingredient and combination products, such as B-complex vitamins and multivitamins. Doses of 1 mg or greater require a prescription (159). Additionally, folinic acid, a tetrahydrofolic acid derivative, is used to manage certain metabolic diseases (see Disease Treatment). Further, the US FDA has approved the supplementation of folate in oral contraceptives. The addition of levomefolate calcium (the calcium salt of MeTHF; 451 μg/tablet) to oral contraceptives is intended to raise folate status in women of childbearing age (160). According to a US national survey, only 24% of non-pregnant women aged 15-44 years are meeting the current recommendation of 400 μg/day of folic acid (161).\nSafety\nToxicity\nNo adverse effects have been associated with the consumption of excess folate from food. Concerns regarding safety are limited to synthetic folic acid intake. Deficiency of vitamin B12, though often undiagnosed, may affect a significant number of people, especially older adults (see the article on Vitamin B12). One symptom of vitamin B12 deficiency is megaloblastic anemia, which is indistinguishable from that associated with folate deficiency (see Deficiency). Large doses of folic acid given to an individual with an undiagnosed vitamin B12 deficiency could correct megaloblastic anemia without correcting the underlying vitamin B12 deficiency, leaving the individual at risk of developing irreversible neurologic damage. Such cases of neurologic progression in vitamin B12 deficiency have been mostly seen at folic acid doses of 5,000 μg (5 mg) and above. In order to be very sure of preventing irreversible neurological damage in vitamin B12-deficient individuals, the Food and Nutrition Board of the US Institute of Medicine advises that all adults limit their intake of folic acid (supplements and fortification) to 1,000 μg (1 mg) daily (Table 3). The Board also noted that vitamin B12 deficiency is very rare in women in their childbearing years, making the consumption of folic acid at or above 1,000 μg/day unlikely to cause problems (1); however, there are limited data on the effects of large doses.\nTable 3. Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) for Folic Acid\nAge Group\nUL (μg/day)\nInfants 0-12 months Not possible to establish*\nChildren 1-3 years 300\nChildren 4-8 years 400\nChildren 9-13 years 600\nAdolescents 14-18 years 800\nAdults 19 years and older 1,000\n*Source of intake should be from food and formula only.\nThe saturation of DHFR metabolic capacity by oral doses of folic acid has been associated with the appearance of unmetabolized folic acid in blood (162). Hematologic abnormalities and poorer cognition have been associated with the presence of unmetabolized folic acid in vitamin B12-deficient older adults (≥60 years) (163, 164). A small study conducted in postmenopausal women also raised concerns about the effect of exposure to unmetabolized folic acid on immune function (165). In a small, randomized, open-label trial in 38 women of reproductive age receiving 30 weeks of daily multivitamin supplements, daily supplementation with either 1.1 mg or 5 mg of folic acid resulted in the transient appearance of unmetabolized folic acid in blood over the first 12 weeks of supplementation (166). However, unmetabolized folic acid concentrations returned to baseline levels at the end of the study, suggesting that adaptive mechanisms eventually converted folic acid to reduced forms of folate. Nonetheless, the use of supplemental levomefolate (5-methyl THF) may provide an alternative to prevent the potential negative effects of unconverted folic acid in older adults.\nDrug interactions\nWhen nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as aspirin or ibuprofen, are taken in very large therapeutic dosages (i.e., to treat severe arthritis), they may interfere with folate metabolism. In contrast, routine use of NSAIDs has not been found to adversely affect folate status. The anticonvulsant, phenytoin, has been shown to inhibit the intestinal absorption of folate, and several studies have associated decreased folate status with long-term use of the anticonvulsants, phenytoin, phenobarbital, and primidone (167). However, few studies controlled for differences in dietary folate intake between anticonvulsant users and nonusers. Also, taking folic acid at the same time as the cholesterol-lowering agents, cholestyramine and colestipol, may decrease the absorption of folic acid (159). Methotrexate is a folate antagonist used to treat a number of diseases, including cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, and psoriasis. Some of the side effects of methotrexate are similar to those of severe folate deficiency, and supplementation with folic or folinic acid is used to reduce antifolate toxicity. Other antifolate molecules currently used in cancer therapy include aminopterin, pemetrexed, pralatrexate, and raltitrexed (96). Further, a number of other medications have been shown to have antifolate activity, including trimethoprim (an antibiotic), pyrimethamine (an antimalarial), triamterene (a blood pressure medication), and sulfasalazine (a treatment for ulcerative colitis). Early studies of oral contraceptives (birth control pills) containing high doses of estrogen indicated adverse effects on folate status; however, this finding has not been supported in more recent studies that used low-dose oral contraceptives and controlled for dietary folate (168).\nLinus Pauling Institute Recommendation\nThe available scientific evidence shows that adequate folate intake prevents neural tube defects and other poor outcomes of pregnancy; is helpful in lowering the risk of some forms of cancer, especially in genetically susceptible individuals; and may lower the risk of cardiovascular disease. The Linus Pauling Institute recommends that adults take a daily multivitamin/mineral supplement, which typically contains 400 μg of folic acid, the Daily Value (DV). Even with a larger than average intake of folic acid from fortified food, it is unlikely that an individual's daily folic acid intake would regularly exceed the tolerable upper intake level of 1,000 μg/day established by the Institute of Medicine (see Safety).\nOlder adults (>50 years)\nThe recommendation for 400 μg/day of supplemental folic acid as part of a daily multivitamin/mineral supplement, in addition to a folate-rich diet, is especially important for older adults because blood homocysteine concentrations tend to increase with age (see Disease Prevention).\nAuthors and Reviewers\nOriginally written in 2000 by:\nJane Higdon, Ph.D.\nLinus Pauling Institute\nOregon State University\nUpdated in April 2002 by:\nJane Higdon, Ph.D.\nLinus Pauling Institute\nOregon State University\nUpdated in September 2007 by:\nVictoria J. Drake, Ph.D.\nLinus Pauling Institute\nOregon State University\nUpdated in June 2014 by:\nBarbara Delage, Ph.D.\nLinus Pauling Institute\nOregon State University\nReviewed in December 2014 by:\nHelene McNulty, Ph.D., R.D.\nProfessor of Human Nutrition and Dietetics\nNorthern Ireland Centre for Food and Health (NICHE)\nUniversity of Ulster\nColeraine, United Kingdom\nThe 2014 update of this article was underwritten, in part, by a grant from Bayer Consumer Care AG, Basel, Switzerland.\nCopyright 2000-2019 Linus Pauling Institute\nReferences\n1. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Folate. Dietary Reference Intakes: Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press; 1998:196-305. (National Academy Press)\n2. Choi SW, Mason JB. Folate and carcinogenesis: an integrated scheme. J Nutr. 2000;130(2):129-132. (PubMed)\n3. Bailey LB, Gregory JF, 3rd. Folate metabolism and requirements. J Nutr. 1999;129(4):779-782. (PubMed)\n4. Gerhard GT, Duell PB. Homocysteine and atherosclerosis. Curr Opin Lipidol. 1999;10(5):417-428. (PubMed)\n5. Jacques PF, Bostom AG, Wilson PW, Rich S, Rosenberg IH, Selhub J. Determinants of plasma total homocysteine concentration in the Framingham Offspring cohort. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001;73(3):613-621. (PubMed)\n6. Jacques PF, Kalmbach R, Bagley PJ, et al. The relationship between riboflavin and plasma total homocysteine in the Framingham Offspring cohort is influenced by folate status and the C677T transition in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene. J Nutr. 2002;132(2):283-288. (PubMed)\n7. McNu | null | null | null | 0 | 7 | 2 |
Ringworm Pictures, Treatment, Symptoms, Home Remedies & Causes\nMedicineNet\nSYMPTOM CHECKER\nDisease & Conditions\nConditions A-Z\nProcedures A-Z\nAllergies\nAlzheimer's\nArthritis\nAsthma\nBlood Pressure\nCancer\nCholesterol\nChronic Pain\nCold & Flu\nDepression\nDiabetes\nDigestion\nEyesight\nHealth & Living\nHealthy Kids\nHearing & Ear\nHeart\nHIV/AIDS\nInfectious Disease\nLung Conditions\nMenopause\nMen's Health\nMental Health\nMigraine\nNeurology\nOral Health\nPregnancy\nSenior Health\nSexual Health\nSkin Problems\nSleep\nThyroid\nTravel Health\nWomen's Health\nGastroenterology\nHemorrhoids\nDiabetes\nDiabetes (Type 1 and Type 2)\nTeen Health\nBullying\nDermatology\nJock Itch\nDrugs & Supplements\nMedications\nSupplements and Vitamins\nADHD\nVyvanse vs. Strattera\nSleep Disorder\nBenzodiazepines\nDepression\nZoloft\nHealth & Living\nDiet & Weight Management\nExercise & Fitness\nNutrition, Food & Recipes\nPrevention & Wellness\nDigestive Problems\nLow Fiber Diet\nFitness, Exercise, Sports\nAerobic Exercise\nDigestive Problems\nProbiotics\nMedia\nAll\nSlideshows\nAdult Skin Conditions\nCommon Eye Problems and Infections\nSexually Transmitted Diseases\nAll\nQuizzes\nDiet and Nutrition Quiz\nHeart Disease Quiz\nKidney Disease Quiz\nAll\nImages\nGenital Warts\nScabies\nAlopecia Areata\nMedTerms Dictionary\nSlideshows\nQuizzes\nImages\nPrivacy Policy\nAbout Us\nContact Us\nTerms of Use\nAdvertising Policy\n©1996-2018 MedicineNet, Inc. All rights reserved. Terms of Use.\nMedicineNet does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See additional information.\nhome/skin health center/skin a-z list/ringworm center /ringworm article\nRingworm\nRingworm facts\nIs ringworm contagious?\nWhat does the term ringworm mean?\nWhat causes ringworm?\nWhat are the sources of skin fungi?\nWhat are risk factors for ringworm?\nWhat types of ringworm are there? What are ringworm symptoms and signs?\nTypes of ringworm: tinea corporis and tinea cruris. What are the symptoms?\nTypes of ringworm: tinea faciei and tinea manus. What are the symptoms?\nTypes of ringworm: tinea pedis and tinea unguium. What are the symptoms?\nWhat tests do health care professionals use to diagnose ringworm?\nWhat kinds of health care professionals treat ringworm?\nWhat is the treatment for ringworm? Are there home remedies for ringworm?\nIs it possible to prevent ringworm?\nWhat is the prognosis (outlook) for ringworm?\nMedical Author: Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD\nMelissa Conrad Stöppler, MD\nMelissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, is a U.S. board-certified Anatomic Pathologist with subspecialty training in the fields of Experimental and Molecular Pathology. Dr. Stöppler's educational background includes a BA with Highest Distinction from the University of Virginia and an MD from the University of North Carolina. She completed residency training in Anatomic Pathology at Georgetown University followed by subspecialty fellowship training in molecular diagnostics and experimental pathology.\nMedical Editor: William C. Shiel Jr., MD, FACP, FACR\nWilliam C. Shiel Jr., MD, FACP, FACR\nDr. Shiel received a Bachelor of Science degree with honors from the University of Notre Dame. There he was involved in research in radiation biology and received the Huisking Scholarship. After graduating from St. Louis University School of Medicine, he completed his Internal Medicine residency and Rheumatology fellowship at the University of California, Irvine. He is board-certified in Internal Medicine and Rheumatology.\nSource: MedicineNet\nRingworm facts\nRingworm is a common fungal infection of the skin and is not due to a worm.\nThe medical term for ringworm is tinea. The skin disease is further named for the site of the body where the infection occurs.\nSome types of ringworm infection include tinea corporis, tinea capitis, tinea pedis (\"athlete's foot\"), and tinea cruris (\"jock itch\").\nRingworm causes a scaly, crusted rash that may appear as round, red patches on the skin. Other symptoms and signs of ringworm include patches of hair loss or scaling on the scalp, itching, and blister-like lesions.\nRingworm is contagious and can be passed from person to person.\nRingworm can be successfully treated with antifungal medications used either topically or orally.\nCatching Ringworm From Pets\nAnimals can also be affected by ringworm and may transmit the condition to humans. In this case, ringworm is an example of a zoonotic disease, or a disease transmitted from animals to humans. Although cats are affected by ringworm more than dogs, dogs are also commonly affected. In animals, ringworm causes raised, circular areas that frequently are crusted over and associated with hair loss.\nLearn how to treat and get rid of ringworm »\nSource: CDC\nIs ringworm contagious?\nReaders Comments 21\nShare Your Story\nRingworm occurs in people of all ages, but it is particularly common in children. It occurs most often in warm, moist climates. Ringworm is a contagious disease and can be passed from person to person by contact with infected skin areas or by sharing combs and brushes, other personal care items, or clothing. It is also possible to become infected with ringworm after coming in contact with locker room or pool surfaces. The infection can also affect dogs and cats, and pets may transmit the infection to humans. It is common to have several areas of ringworm at once in different body areas.\nSource: Bigstock\nWhat does the term ringworm mean?\nThe term ringworm or ringworms refers to fungal infections that are on the surface of the skin. The name is derived from the early belief that the infection was due to a worm, which it is not. Ringworm is a fungal infection in the skin. Nevertheless, the name ringworm remains. Some of these fungi produce a rash of round scaly spots on the skin, but many do not. On the other hand, many round, red spots or rashes on the skin are not due to a fungal infection. A physical examination of the affected skin, evaluation of skin scrapings under the microscope, and culture tests can help health care professionals make the appropriate diagnosis and distinctions from other conditions. A proper diagnosis is best for successful treatment.\nThe medical term for ringworm is tinea. (Tinea is the Latin name for a growing worm.) Health care professionals add another word to indicate the part of the body where the fungus is located. Tinea capitis, for instance, refers to scalp ringworm, tinea corporis to fungus of the body, tinea pedis to fungus of the feet, and so on.\nSLIDESHOW\nRingworm: Treatment, Pictures, Causes, and Symptoms See Slideshow\nSource: iStock\nWhat causes ringworm?\nAlthough the world is full of yeasts, molds, and fungi, only a few cause skin disease. These agents are called the dermatophytes (which means \"skin fungi\"). An infection with these fungi is medically known as dermatophytosis. Skin fungi can only live on the dead layer of keratin protein on top of the skin. They rarely invade deeper into the body and cannot live on mucous membranes, such as those in the mouth or vagina.\nScientific names for the most common of the dermatophyte fungi that cause ringworm include Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton tonsurans, Trichophyton interdigitale, and/or Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Microsporum canis, and Epidermophyton floccosum.\nSource: iStock\nWhat are the sources of skin fungi?\nSome fungi live only on human skin, hair, or nails. Others live on animals and only sometimes are found on human skin. Still others live in the soil. It is often difficult or impossible to identify the source of a particular person's skin fungus. The fungi may spread from person to person (anthropophilic), from animal to person (zoophilic), or from the soil to a person (geophilic).\nHeat and moisture help fungi grow and thrive, which makes them more commonly found in skin folds such as those in the groin or between the toes. This also accounts for their reputation as being caught from showers, locker rooms, and swimming pools. This reputation is exaggerated, though, since many people with \"jock itch\" or \"athlete's foot\" have not contracted the infection from locker rooms or athletic facilities.\nDaily Health News\nTwo Drugs for Men Up Diabetes Risk\nExperimental Blood Thinner\nVeggies vs. Steak for Heart\nMeals and Heart Attacks\n'Bubble Boy' Disease Cure\nMore Health News »\nTrending on MedicineNet\nAppendectomy\nCandida Auris\nAutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)\nEbola Virus\nHepatitis A\nSource: Bigstock\nWhat are risk factors for ringworm?\nAs described previously, it is possible to acquire ringworm from a variety of places and circumstances. The greatest risk factor is coming in contact with an affected individual. Warm, moist areas are favorable conditions for the growth of fungi, so areas such as communal showers and locker rooms are areas in which transmission is favorable. However, any contact with an infected person or a contaminated surface can cause ringworm infection.\nQUESTION\nRingworm is caused by a fungus. See Answer\nSource: iStock\nWhat types of ringworm are there? What are ringworm symptoms and signs?\nThe following are the different types of ringworm, or tinea:\nTinea barbae: Ringworm of the bearded area of the face and neck, with swelling and marked crusting, is often accompanied by itching, sometimes causing the hair to break off. In the days when men went to the barber daily for a shave, tinea barbae was called barber's itch.\nTinea capitis: Ringworm of the scalp commonly affects children, mostly in late childhood or adolescence. This condition may spread in schools. Tinea capitis appears as scalp scaling that is associated with bald spots (in contrast to seborrhea or dandruff, for instance, which do not cause hair loss).\nSee Related Images\nTinea Capitis\nSubscribe to MedicineNet's Skin Care & Conditions Newsletter\nBy clicking \"Submit,\" I agree to the MedicineNet Terms and Conditions and Privacy Policy. I also agree to receive emails from MedicineNet and I understand that I may opt out of MedicineNet subscriptions at any time.\nSource: iStock\nTypes of ringworm: tinea corporis and tinea cruris. What are the symptoms?\nTinea corporis: When fungus affects the skin of the body, it often produces the round spots of classic ringworm. The first stage of symptoms involves a red, scaly area of skin that may be slightly raised (plaque). This stage tends to worsen rapidly. The condition progresses to form the characteristic ring shape. Sometimes, these spots have an \"active\" outer border as they slowly grow and advance. Sometimes, scaling, crusting, raised areas, or even blister-like lesions can appear, particularly in the active border. It is important to distinguish ringworm of the body from other skin conditions, such as nummular eczema. This condition, and others, may appear similar to ringworm, but they are not due to a fungal infection and require different treatment.\nSee Related Images\nTinea Corporis\nTinea cruris: Tinea of the groin (\"jock itch\") tends to have a reddish-brown color and extends from the folds of the groin down onto one or both thighs. Other conditions that can mimic tinea cruris include yeast infections, psoriasis, and intertrigo, a chafing rash that results from the skin rubbing against the skin.\nIMAGES\nRingworm See pictures of ringworm and other fungal skin infections See Images\nSource: Bigstock\nTypes of ringworm: tinea faciei and tinea manus. What are the symptoms?\nTinea faciei (faciale): ringworm on the face except in the area of the beard. On the face, ringworm is rarely ring shaped. Characteristically, it causes red scaly patches with indistinct edges.\nTinea manus: ringworm involving the hands, particularly the palms and the spaces between the fingers. It typically causes thickening (hyperkeratosis) of these areas, often on only one hand. Tinea manus is a common companion of tinea pedis (ringworm of the feet). It is also called tinea manuum.\nSee Related Images\nTinea Manus\nFrom\nSkin Problems and Treatments Resources\nLatest Ways Psoriasis Is Treated\nSkin Care for Psoriasis\nAll About Psoriatic Arthritis\nFeatured Centers\nHow Is Your MS Care Routine? Assess Yourself\n11 Things Not to Do If You Want to get Pregnant\nSource: WebMD\nTypes of ringworm: tinea pedis and tinea unguium. What are the symptoms?\nTinea pedis: Athlete's foot may cause scaling and inflammation with itching and burning irritation in the toe webs, especially the one between the fourth and fifth toes. Another common form of tinea pedis produces a thickening or scaling of the skin on the heels and soles. This is sometimes referred to as the \"moccasin distribution.\" Occasionally, tinea causes blisters between the toes or on the sole. Aside from athlete's foot, tinea pedis is known as tinea of the foot or, more loosely, fungal infection of the feet. Tinea pedis is an extremely common skin disorder. It is the most common and perhaps the most persistent of the fungal (tinea) infections. It is rare before adolescence. It may occur in association with other fungal skin infections such as tinea cruris (jock itch).\nSee Related Images\nTinea Pedis\nTinea unguium: Finally, fungal infection can make the fingernails and, more often, the toenails yellow, thick, and crumbly. This is referred to as fungal nails or onychomycosis.\nSee Related Images\nTinea Unguium\nSource: iStock\nWhat tests do health care professionals use to diagnose ringworm?\nReaders Comments 3\nShare Your Story\nOften, the diagnosis of ringworm is obvious from its location and appearance. Otherwise, skin scrapings for microscopic examination and a culture of the affected skin can establish the diagnosis of ringworm. If the diagnosis is unclear, a potassium hydroxide (KOH) preparation of a skin scraping can be reviewed under the microscope to confirm the diagnosis of a fungus. If a fungus infection is present and the skin problem is misdiagnosed, inappropriate treatment might be prescribed that could actually worsen the infection.\nWhat kinds of health care professionals treat ringworm?\nRingworm is treated by primary-care specialists, including internists, pediatricians (for ringworm in a child), and family medicine specialists. Because it is a skin condition, many people also seek medical advice from a dermatologist for ringworm. In rare, complicated ringworm infection, an infectious-disease specialist may be consulted.\nSource: MedicineNet\nWhat is the treatment for ringworm? Are there home remedies for ringworm?\nReaders Comments 70\nShare Your Story\nHome remedies cannot cure ringworm. To cure ringworm, it is necessary to take antifungal medications. Ringworm can be treated topically (with external applications) or systemically (for example, with oral medications):\nTopical treatment: When fungus affects the skin of the body or the groin, many antifungal creams can clear the condition in around two weeks. Examples of such preparations include those that contain clotrimazole (Cruex cream, Desenex cream, Lotrimin cream, lotion, and solution), miconazole (Monistat-Derm cream), ketoconazole (Nizoral cream), econazole (Spectazole), naftifine (Naftin), and terbinafine (Lamisil cream and solution). These treatments are effective for many cases of foot fungus as well. Many of these antifungal creams are available as over-the-counter preparations. It is usually necessary to use topical medications for at least two weeks. More recently, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the antifungal medication luliconazole (Luzu), the first topical azole antifungal agent with a one-week once-daily treatment regimen for the management of tinea cruris and tinea corporis in adults aged 18 years or older.\nSystemic treatment: Some fungal infections do not respond well to external applications. Examples include scalp fungus and fungus of the nails. To penetrate these areas and for particularly severe or extensive disease, oral medications can be used.\nFor a long time, the only effective antifungal tablet was griseofulvin (Fulvicin, Grifulvin, and Gris-PEG). Now, other agents are available that are both safer and more effective. These include terbinafine, itraconazole (Sporanox), and fluconazole (Diflucan). Oral medications are usually g
ven for a three-month course.\nSource: N/A\nIs it possible to prevent ringworm?\nConventional wisdom holds that minimizing sweat and moisture can help prevent fungal infections. Common recommendations for ringworm prevention along these lines are for men to wear boxer shorts, for women to avoid pantyhose, and so forth. Whether these measures, some of which are quite difficult to implement, are really worth all of the effort is open to question.\nYou can also take steps to prevent spread of ringworm infections. Do not share clothing, towels, hairbrushes, combs, hair accessories, sports gear, or other personal-care items. Wearing sandals or shoes in gyms, locker rooms, and at pools can help reduce your chances of contracting athlete's foot. Be sure that your child also wears shoes in locker rooms and around pools. You should avoid touching pets that have signs of ringworm (typically bald spots). Wash hands after touching pets and be sure that a child washes his/her hands after touching pets.\nIf your pet has ringworm, wear gloves and long sleeves when handling your pet, and vacuum often in areas of the home frequented by your pet. You can disinfect surfaces and bedding by using a solution of diluted chlorine bleach, benzalkonium chloride, or strong detergents. A veterinarian can treat your pet so that the infection can be eradicated.\nSource: N/A\nWhat is the prognosis (outlook) for ringworm?\nRingworm can be cured with appropriate treatment. Ringworm of the skin typically resolves after two to three weeks of treatment, while cases of ringworm of the scalp or nails may require treatment for a few months. Complications are rare and can include a secondary bacterial skin infection or a widespread fungal infection (extremely rare and more likely to occur in individuals with suppressed immune systems).\nHealth Solutions From Our Sponsors\nClinical Trial Q&A\nChildhood Brain Tumors\nPenis Curved When Erect\nHow Immunotherapy Fights Cancer\nOvercoming Breast Cancer\nMedical Alert System\nRingworm Center\nMedically Reviewed on 7/23/2018\nReferences\nREFERENCES:\nAndrews, Shari. \"Tinea in emergency medicine.\" Medscape.com. Mar. 20, 2017. <http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/787217-overview>.\nLesher Jr., Jack L. \"Tinea Corporis.\" Medscape.com. July 10, 2018. <http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1091473-overview>.\nUnited States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. \"Ringworm.\" Aug. 16, 2017. <http://www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/ringworm/>.\nRelated Article\nRingworm: Treatment, Pictures, Causes, and Symptoms\nWhat is ringworm? How do you get rid of ringworm? View ringworm (tinea) pictures and learn about ringworm treatment, causes, symptoms, types, and prevention tips for this fungal skin infection.\nRead more: Ringworm: Treatment, Pictures, Causes, and Symptoms\nPatient Comments\nRingworm - Effective Treatments\nWhat kinds of treatments have been effective for your ringworm?\nPost View 70 Comments\nRingworm - Is it Contagious?\nHow do you think you caught ringworm?\nPost View 21 Comments\nRingworm - Diagnosis\nHow was your ringworm diagnosed?\nPost View 3 Comments\nComplete List\nTop Ringworm Related Articles\nAre Skin Rashes Contagious\nDirect and indirect contact can spread some types of rashes from person to person. Rash treatment depends upon a rash's underlying cause. A rash that sheds large amounts of skin warrants urgent medical attention. Rashes can be either contagious or noncontagious. Noncontagious rashes include seborrheic dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, stasis dermatitis, psoriasis, nummular eczema, drug eruptions, hives, heat rash (miliaria), and diaper rash. Rashes usually considered contagious include molluscum contagiosum (viral), impetigo (bacterial), herpes (herpes simplex, types 1 and 2 viruses), rash caused by Neisseria meningitides (N. meningitides) (bacterial), rash and blisters that accompany shingles (herpes zoster virus), ringworm (fungal) infections (tinea), scabies (itch mite), chickenpox (viral), measles and rubella (viral), erythema infectiosum (viral), pityriasis rosea (viral), cellulitis and erysipelas (bacterial), lymphangitis (bacterial, and folliculitis (bacterial).\nAthlete's Foot\nAthlete's foot (tinea pedis) is a skin infection caused by the ringworm fungus. Symptoms include itching, burning, cracking, peeling, and bleeding feet. Treatment involves keeping the feet dry and clean, wearing shoes that can breathe, and using medicated powders to keep your feet dry.\nChildren's Health\nChildren's health is focused on the well-being of children from conception through adolescence. There are many aspects of children's health, including growth and development, illnesses, injuries, behavior, mental illness, family health, and community health.\nKids' Illnesses Slideshow\nIs your child at risk for these childhood diseases? Know what to look for and when to call the doctor for conditions such as measles, mumps, ringworm, pink eye, strep throat, cough, ear aches, and more.\nFungus Among Us\nProtect yourself from different fungal infections like ringworm, athlete's foot, and jock itch. Discover how to treat fungal infections on the foot, hand, skin and everywhere on your body.\nFungal Nails\nFungal nails (onychomycosis) may be caused by many species of fungi, but the most common is Trichophyton rubrum. Distal subungal onychomycosis starts as a discolored area at the nail's corner and slowly spread toward the cuticle. In proximal subungal onychomycosis, the infection starts at the cuticle and spreads toward the nail tip. Yeast onychomycosis is caused by Candida and may be the most common cause of fungal fingernail.\nHair Loss\nThere are many causes of scalp hair loss. This featured article covers the common ones such as patchy hair loss (alopecia areata, trichotillomania, and tinea capitis), telogen effluvium, and androgenetic alopecia (male-pattern baldness, female-pattern baldness).\nHair Loss Slideshow\nLearn about hair loss in women and men. Discover hair loss causes and treatments as well as how to prevent hair loss.\nIs Jock Itch (Tinea Cruris) Contagious\nJock itch is a fungal infection in the groin area that causes a raised, itchy, red rash. Jock itch can typically be treated with antifungal medications. People may need to seek medical care for jock itch if the groin area becomes swollen, tender, if red streaks appear, or if the lymph nodes become swollen.\nIs Ringworm Contagious\nA fungus causes ringworm. Ringworm can be transmitted from person to person. Animals may also spread ringworm. Ringworm causes an itchy, ring-shaped red rash with hair loss. Treatment incorporates the use of topical medication.\nItch\nItching can be a common problem. Itches can be localized or generalized. There are many causes of itching to include: infection (jock itch, vaginal itch), disease (hyperthyroidism, liver or kidney), reactions to drugs, and skin infestations (pubic or body lice). Treatment for itching varies depending on the cause of the itch.\nJock Itch\nJock itch is an itchy red rash that appears in the groin area. The rash may be caused by a bacterial or fungal infection. People with diabetes and those who are obese are more susceptible to developing jock itch. Antifungal shampoos, creams, and pills may be needed to treat fungal jock itch. Bacterial jock itch may be treated with antibacterial soaps and topical and oral antibiotics.\nPet Ringworm Picture\nRingworm is an example of a zoonotic disease (transmitted from animals to humans). See a picture of Pet Ringworm and learn more about the health topic.\nRash\nThe word \"rash\" means an outbreak of red bumps on the body. The way people use this term, \"a rash\" can refer to many different skin conditions. The most common of these are scaly patches of skin and red, itchy bumps or patches all over the place.\nRingworm Slideshow\nWhat is ringworm? How do you get rid of ringworm? View ringworm pictures and learn about ringworm treatment, causes, symptoms, types, and prevention tips for this fungal skin infection.\nIs Ringworm Contagious Quiz\nSkin Picture Quiz\nCould you identify a scabies infestation? Take the Skin Diseases Pictures Quiz and learn to identify common conditions that plague human skin.\nCONTINUE SCROLLING FOR RELATED SLIDESHOW\nFeatured Slideshows\nType 2 DiabetesCan you reverse type 2 diabetes?\nRheumatoid Arthritis (RA)What's the difference between RA and arthritis?\nDeep Vein ThrombosisHow to know if you have a blood clot in your leg\nRecognize These Skin Conditions?\nWhat Bit Me?\nWhat is Crohn's Disease?\nStrep Throat vs. Sore Throat\nWarning Signs of Type 2 Diabetes\n19 Eye Conditions You Need to Know\nWhy Do I Pee So Often?\nWhat Can Turmeric Do for You?\nLow-T: A Normal Part of Aging?\nIs It an STD?\nWho's at Risk for Hepatitis C?\nBreast Cancer: What Happens Next\nSchizophrenia and Mental Health\nEarly Signs of Thyroid Problems\n17 Worst Belly Fat Foods\nHow to Get Rid of Hemorrhoids\nLiving With AFib\nSee a Baby Develop in the Womb\nWhat is Deep Vein Thrombosis?\nPut an End to Nail Fungus\nRingworm Means I’ve Got Worms?\nHow Do You Get Scabies?\n13 Baking Soda Uses for Your Body\nCoping With IBS\nTelltale Signs of Child ADHD\nThe Stigma of Psoriasis\nCancer Symptoms Not to Ignore\nWhat Feet Say About Your Health\nMost Expensive Medical Conditions\nEarly Signs of Heart Disease\nClues You Could Have MS\nHow to Lower Your Cholesterol\nWhich Fruits Have the Most Sugar?\n14 Healthy Foods on a Budget\nADHD in Adults\nWhat Poop Type and Color Mean\nMedicineNet\n©1996-2018 MedicineNet, Inc. All rights reserved. Terms of Use.\nMedicineNet does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See additional information.\nHealth Categories\nMedical Slideshows\nDiseases & Conditions\nSymptoms & Signs\nProcedures & Tests\nMedications\nHealthy Living\nVitamins & Supplements\nImage Collection\nQuizzes\nMedTerms Dictionary\nPet Health\nPopular Health Centers\nAllergies\nArthritis\nBlood Pressure\nCancer\nChronic Pain\nCold & Flu\nDepression\nDiabetes\nDigestion\nHealth & Living\nHealthy Kids\nHearing & Ear\nHeart\nHIV/AIDS\nInfectious Disease\nMen's Health\nMental Health\nNeurology\nPregnancy\nSexual Health\nSkin\nThyroid\nWomen's Health\nMore...\nMedicineNet\nPrivacy Policy\nAbout Us\nContact Us\nSite Map\nWebMD Corporate\nWebMD\nWebMDRx\nMedscape\nMedscape Reference\neMedicineHealth\nRxList\nOnHealth | 2019-04-20T00:40:11Z | "https://www.medicinenet.com/ringworm/article.htm" | www.medicinenet.com | 2 | 10 | 1 |
Studies Show Which Vitamins to Take for Vitiligo | Shop Our All-In-One Tablet\nJavaScript seems to be disabled in your browser.\nYou must have JavaScript enabled in your browser to utilize the functionality of this website.\nMenu Search\nRecouleur\nCart\nYou have no items in your shopping cart.\nMenu\nHome\nVitiligo Products\nAbout\nFAQ\nVitiligo Learning Center\nBlog\nCart\nContact Us\nHome\nStudies Show Which Vitamins to Take for Vitiligo | Shop Our All-In-One Tablet\nScientific Studies on What Vitamins to Take for Vitiligo\nThe research behind which vitamins to take for vitiligo. These are the ingredients in Recouleur® Vitamins that help vitiligo.\nVitamins and minerals are important in the treatment of vitiligo and for both depigmented skin and gray hair. Certain vitamins are beneficial for vitiligo. Many people with vitiligo are also deficient in specific vitamins. Just read the following studies to better understand the best vitamins and minerals for vitiligo:\n“Abnormally low levels of Vitamin B12, Folic Acid and Vitamin C are found in a large number of vitiligo patients.”Vitiligo: Nutritional Therapy, by Leopoldo Montes, M.D., M.S., FRCPC Westhoven Press, Buenos Aires.\n“Patients with vitiligo show diminished blood levels of folic acid, Vitamin B12, and ascorbic acid (vitamin C). Prolonged oral administration of these vitamins was followed by definite repigmentation without side affects,” Folic Acid and Vitamin B12 in Vitiligo: A Nutritional Approach, Cutis Magazine, Volume 50, July 1992.\n“(Vitiligo) has been corrected by giving pantothenic acid or PABA.” (PABA is a constituent of folic acid.) Let’s Get Well, by Adelle Davis, A Signet Book from New American Library.\n“Pantothenic Acid and PABA (an element of folic acid) supplements are effective in managing vitiligo,” Mental and Elemental Nutrients, by Carl C. Pfeiffer, Keats Publishing, Inc., New Canaan, CT.\n“A group of 48 people ranging in age from 10-70 years were given all B vitamins. Within two months, the white areas turned pinkish, and after six months, all 48 people were reportedly free of the colorless patches.” Natural Healing, by Mark Bricklin, Rodale Press, Inc., Ammaus, PA.\n“In India, BEHL (1994), a vitiligo expert who has probably managed more vitiligo patients than any other dermatologist worldwide, has observed copper deficiency in the serum and in the skin of vitiligo patients.” Vitiligo: Nutritional Therapy, by Leopoldo Montes, M.D., M.S., FRCPC, Westhoven Press, Buenos Aires.\n“Folic acid and vitamin B12 supplementation combined with sun exposure can induce repigmentation better than either the vitamins or sun exposure alone.” Improvement of Vitiligo after Oral Treatment with Vitamin B12 and Folic Acid and the Importance of Sun Exposure, by Juhlin L., Olsson MJ., Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Upssala, Sweden.\n“Nutritional deficiencies, both in animals and in humans, are known to alter melanin production. Copper and zinc deficiencies have been reported to induce hypopigmentation in various animals. Hypopigmentation of the skin and hair results from copper deficiency in humans; the depigmentation associated with chronic excessive molybdenum intake is related to a decreased storage of copper in the liver. Copper would seem of prime importance because tyrosinase is a known copper-requiring enzyme.” Vitiligo and Other Hypomelanoses of Hair and Skin, by Jean-Paul Ortonne, M.D., Plenum Medical Book Company, NY.\n“The content of copper and zinc ions, accepting immediate participation, during melanogenesis, is dropped in depigmenting centers of skin. We have applied adsorbents sated with copper and zinc. The encouraging results expressing in gradual reduction of a pigmentation of injured sites of a skin area obtained. Thus, the complex treatment vitiligo with applicates copper and zinc containing adsorbents normalization of skin pigmenting function.” Application of Copper and Zinc Containing Adsorbents in Complex Vitiligo Treatment, by V.G. Kolyandenko, V.N. Korol, O.N. Bakalinskaya, N.T. Kartel, National Medical University, Kiev, Ukraine.\n“Achromotrichia has been claimed as an early indicator of copper insufficiency. This color change is associated with the decreased activity of tyrosinase, a copper-containing polyphenyl oxidase which is required for the synthesis of melanin pigment from tyrosine.” Copper in Animals and Man, Volume II, by John Howell, McC., D.V.Sc., F.R.C.Path. Jeffrey M. Gawthorne, Ph.D., CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL.\n“Among major symptoms of dietary copper deficiency are neutropenia, hypochromic anemia, osteoporosis, decreased pigmentation of the skin, and neurologic disturbances.” Copper Proteins and Copper Enzymes, by Rene Lontie, D.Sc., CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL.\n“Copper-containing polyphenoloxidases such as tyrosinase are involved in the production of melanin from tyrosine. This process is extremely responsive to changes in copper status; loss of pigment from wool, hair, and feathers is a sensitive index to changes in copper deficiency.” Copper in Animals and Man, Volume II, by John Howell, McC., D.V.Sc., F.R.C.Path., Jeffrey M. Gawthorne, Ph.D., CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL.\n“Copper, folic acid, and pantothenic acid have been successful in recoloring gray hair.” Know Your Nutrition, by Linda Clark, Keats Publishing, Inc., New Canaan, CT.\n“When pantothenic acid (a B vitamin), used by Dr. Morgan, is absent from an otherwise adequate diet for animals (which is one of the ways we learn what humans also need) the animals’ hair turns gray, anemia and eczema appear, the animals appear old before their time, even when they are young.” Secrets of Health and Beauty, by Linda Clark, The Devin-Adair Co., Old Greenwich, CT.\n“The natural color of gray hair has sometimes been restored by an adequate intake of all the anti-gray hair vitamins.”Let’s Get Well, by Adelle Davis.\nWhat’s New\nVitamin Therapy is Not New Science\nThe most important thing you need to know about vitiligo\nOur Products\nRecouleur® Vitamins (180 count - 6 month supply)\n9 Review(s)\n$97.99\nSkin Deep: A Mind/Body Program for Healthy Skin\n2 Review(s)\n$25.21\nThe Use of Vitamin Therapy for the Treatment of Vitiligo\n3 Review(s)\n$24.95\nTurning White: A Memoir of Change\n$14.95\nVitiligo Camouflage Makeup Spray Air Stocking\n5 Review(s)\n$38.99\nVitiligo Camouflage Makeup Spray Air Stocking Terra-Cotta 57g (2 Oz.)\n$20.79\nVitiligo Vitamin and Nutritional Therapy eBook\n$34.99\nContact Us\nPO Box 909\nProspect Heights, IL 60070\nEmail Us\nInformation\nAbout\nPrivacy Policy\nTerms of Use\nCustomer Service\nContact Us\nFAQ\nSite Map\nEmail Newsletter\nSign up to receive the Recouleur® email newsletter with vitiligo tips, health news, and product specials.\nSign Up Now\nThis is a double opt-in so you will need to confirm your subscription in the follow-up email.\n© 2016 Supernatural Health, Inc.® | 2019-04-25T12:24:40Z | "http://www.recouleur.com/scientific-studies-on-vitamins-and-vitiligo" | www.recouleur.com | 5 | 4 | 1 |
Frontiers | Music Streaming Services as Adjunct Therapies for Depression, Anxiety, and Bipolar Symptoms: Convergence of Digital Technologies, Mobile Apps, Emotions, and Global Mental Health | Public Health\nToggle navigation\nHome\nAbout\nSubmit\nJournals\nJournals A-Z\nResearch Topics\nLogin\nRegister\nLogin using\nLinkedIn\nTwitter\nFacebook\ni\nYou can login by using one of your existing accounts.\nWe will be provided with an authorization token (please note: passwords are not shared with us) and will sync your accounts for you. 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Public Health, 30 September 2016 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2016.00217\nMusic Streaming Services as Adjunct Therapies for Depression, Anxiety, and Bipolar Symptoms: Convergence of Digital Technologies, Mobile Apps, Emotions, and Global Mental Health\nKarl Schriewer1 and Grzegorz Bulaj2*\n1Juan Diego Catholic High School, Draper, UT, USA\n2Skaggs Pharmacy Institute, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA\nIntroduction\nMobile technologies and music are recognized as opportunities to address mental health challenges (1–3), while clinical and economic benefits of mobile health (mHealth) are currently studied (4–6). Herein, we describe feasibility of repurposing music streaming services as therapies for affective disorders. According to the World Health Organization, there are 350 million people worldwide suffering from depression, and 60 million people living with bipolar disorder. Patients with affective disorders such as depression, anxiety, or bipolar spectrum, and their caregivers are challenged with managing disease symptoms, long-term treatments, and disabilities. Between 1990 and 2010, there has been a 41% increase in public health burden of mental, neurological, and substance use disorders, as measured by disability-adjusted life years (7). Depression accounts for 40.5% of total disability-adjusted life years among mental and substance-use disorders, whereas anxiety and bipolar disorder account for 14.6 and 7%, respectively (8). A long-term morbidity in bipolar spectrum disorders emphasizes the needs to improve treatments for depression (9). Treatments of affective disorders include mainly antidepressant, antipsychotic medications, and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). The efficacy of antidepressants for children and adolescent patients (10), medication adherence, and limited access to CBT in many countries continue to be a challenge for public health.\nTreatments of depression, anxiety, and bipolar symptoms comprise CBT, psychosocial, and self-care interventions, also delivered via online and digital technologies (7, 11, 12). Opportunities for developing mobile apps and web-based interventions for neurological and mental disorders are economically feasible and coincide with the global adoption rates for smartphones (6, 13–16). Promising findings from clinical testing of mobile apps, e.g., in depression (17), are accompanied by challenges in patient engagement (18) and alignment of clinical and digital contents (19). Converting a mobile phone into low-cost virtual reality devices (exemplified by a Google VR cardboard) extends its potential medical applications (20, 21). Growing number of health-related wearables and devices measuring electrodermal activity (EDA), heart rate variability, or mobile electroencephalogram (EEG) systems, expand the use of digital technologies in medicine, including mental health [a 5-week treatment with EEG-based musical neurofeedback improved depression scores by 17% (22)]. Companies like Apple, Samsung, LG, Microsoft, Fitbit, Empatica, Emotiv, NeuroSky, or Muse develop smart watches and mobile EEG systems with health/wellness applications, whereas WellDoc, Akili Interactive, or Pear Therapeutics are engaged in converting mobile apps and games into medical device-based therapies for specific chronic diseases. Given accessibility of smartphones and the internet, we discuss opportunities for music streaming services to be developed as adjunct therapies and prevention of depressive, anxiety, and bipolar spectrum symptoms.\nEmotions and Music Streaming Services\nMusic modulates emotions by engaging several neurotransmitters and brain structures (2, 3, 23), including the brain’s reward and dopaminergic systems (24, 25). Music-induced emotions include happiness, relaxation, sadness, nostalgia, arousal, surprise, or irritation (Figure 1A). The relationships between musical structures and emotions are complex and can be described in terms of the BRECVEM mechanism (Brain stem reflexes, rhythmic entrainment, evaluative conditioning, contagion, visual imagery, episodic memory, and musical expectancy) (26). Music components such as tempo, dynamics, low/high pitches, satisfying rhythm, minor/major key, or instrumentation can change listeners’ arousal and valence, impacting her/his overall mood (Figure 1A). Music-induced emotional arousal and pleasure can be enhanced by expectation and predictability (27). Musical anticipation, specific rhythmic units, tempo, lyrics, and voice can affect arousal (28–30). Noteworthy, the musical harmony can contribute to intercultural differences in music perception (31). Specific musical structures such as those in the Mozart’s Sonata K.448 were found to activate parasympathetic nervous system and to reduce the frequency of seizures and epileptiform discharges in epilepsy patients (32), and these antiseizure effects were observed in pediatric and adult patients across western and eastern cultures. The rhythm of the K.448 piece appeared to be one of key “active” structures, as determined by comparing it with the retrograde version of K.448 (33). Positive emotional effects of music were measured using plasma oxytocin and vasopressin levels, pointing to connections between the neuroendocrine system, music, and emotions (34). Music can modulate emotional circuitry in patients with major depressive disorder (35) and music listening for at least 3 weeks can reduce depressive symptoms, with some randomized controlled studies reporting 19–47% improvements in depression scores (36, 37).\nFIGURE 1\nFigure 1. Music streaming services as adjunct therapies for depression, anxiety, and bipolar symptoms by modulating arousal and valence. (A) A valence-arousal plane illustrating types of emotion-related music. Characteristics in the four categories of music were selected from listening to mood-related music streaming services and searching for similarities in musical pieces classified by the music provider as similar within the same categories. (B) Schematic organization of a music streaming service as an adjunct therapy for patients with depression, anxiety, or bipolar spectrum disorders. Streaming server contains millions of musical tracks grouped into a wide selection of genres. Internet and mobile devices, such as smartphones, serve as the delivery system. After a listener selects the preferred type of music, the software algorithm generates a playlist for streaming clinically beneficial “dose” of music with positive valence and activating arousal. Hypothetical values express percent of time/songs with music activating arousal per day; these values can be determined for individual medical conditions (depression, bipolar, and anxiety). The streamed musical content is further optimized for target valence/arousal by interplay between the streaming software algorithm and the listener’s preferences and biofeedback (also contributing to outcomes and mitigating bias in clinical trials). Double-headed arrows emphasize the flow of music and the feedback mechanism. Rigorous testing of the clinical efficacy of music streaming software (green box) in randomized clinical trials is necessary to develop and validate the music streaming therapy.\nMusic streaming services such as Amazon Prime Music, Apple Music, Google Play Music, iHeartRadio, Pandora, Spotify, or SoundCloud play a variety of songs on-demand via the Internet and according to the user’s interests and preferences. A person can select music stations based on specific songs, artists, genres, or mood of a song. The station then plays songs, which the listener already selected, as well as new songs, which are similar to previous songs played. Music streaming services offer millions of songs and musical tracks and are available worldwide, or in selected countries. Many stations offer mood-based categories, for example Spotify (“Have a Great Day,” “Mood Booster,” “Calm Down,” “Good Vibes,” etc.) and Apple Music (“Get Happy,” “100 Most Uplifting Songs Ever”) have preset playlists to choose, while Google Play Music (“Confident,” “Calm,” “Energetic,” etc.), Getty Images (“Up/Positive,” “Inspirational,” etc.), and Aupeo (“Happy,” “Dramatic,” “Relaxing,” etc.) have search criteria using mood to find specific music. Musicovery, another music streaming service, has a unique interactive interface similar to the arousal/valence plane (Figure 1A), in which the user can choose specifically what mood of music they would like. Music streaming services are compatible with Android and iOS operating platforms and include music video streaming like Vimeo or YouTube.\nWe hypothesize that digital and mobile technologies have advanced enough for repurposing music streaming service into a therapy for affective disorders by modulating arousal and valence via music-evoked emotions. While music streaming services have evolved to deliver on-demand music for entertainment purposes, many stations offer mood-based categories of music. It is unclear what criteria are used to choose specific pieces of music for particular mood-related categories, and they likely vary among music streaming services. Currently, there is a large diversity of mood-based stations, allowing a person to choose from, and listen to, a type of music that can affect her/his arousal (activating/deactivating) and valence (pleasant/unpleasant). As we describe below, before creating novel music libraries and streaming playlists for specific clinical purposes, individual pieces of music can be validated for their physiological responses using EDA and EEG systems.\nStreaming music can modulate arousal and valence in people with affective disorders. For example, for patients with depression, who may otherwise prefer deactivating and negative-valence music (38), a long-term and daily stimulation with judiciously selected music (e.g., >60–70% of activating/arousal and positive/valence content) may produce additional clinical benefits. Similarly, for patients with anxiety, a daily streaming of calming/relaxing music can stabilize stress hormone levels regulated by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis (2, 23). For people with bipolar disorder during the euthymic stage, a daily 30-min streaming of balanced activating/deactivating music with positive valence may help sustaining homeostasis of emotions and prevent relapses. Figure 1B illustrates how music streaming services could become adjunct therapies for patients with depression, anxiety, and bipolar spectrum disorders.\nConverting Music Streaming Services and Mobile Apps into Adjunct Therapies\nRepurposing music streaming services into a medical treatment includes validation of clinical claims, followed by the regulatory clearance/approval for using software as a medical device (examples of the regulatory agencies include the European Medicines Agency or the Food and Drug Administration). In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration and the Federal Trade Commission ensure that marketing of digital health products is validated for specific conditions. Clinical validation of the music-generating software in randomized controlled trials is necessary to support the medical device status (Figure 1B). There are several mobile apps and games that have been cleared as medical device therapies for the patients with diabetes or stroke. To the best of our knowledge, there are no published data showing clinical efficacy of music streaming services for specific affective disorders.\nTo develop a music streaming service as an adjunct therapy for treatment of depression, anxiety, and bipolar spectrum, several parameters can be tested in randomized clinical trials, such as: (1) judicious selection of music with respect to arousal (activation/deactivation) and valence (pleasant/unpleasant), (2) total length of the therapy and daily duration of listening, and (3) proportion of arousal activating versus deactivating music delivered to patients daily and throughout the whole treatment. Such system is schematically illustrated in Figure 1B, and the key “medical” element is software with the approved medical device status. An affective brain–computer music interface provides an example of music-generating algorithms that could navigate affective trajectories for targeting desirable affective state during listening to music (39). Noteworthy, a mobile app delivering customized and downloaded music playlist for off-line use can be developed as mobile medical app. Coupling music with mobile EEG systems or EDA smartwatches offers additional means to increase the clinical efficacy of music-streaming by enhancing the physiologically active content through biofeedback mechanisms (22, 32, 39, 40).\nMany patients with chronic medical conditions (diabetes, arthritis, neuropathic pain, schizophrenia, addiction, epilepsy, cardiovascular, cancer, and HIV/AIDS) who suffer from depression as comorbidity could also benefit from the music streaming therapies. Broader applications of music-evoked modulation of emotions via streaming include post-traumatic stress disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism, insomnia, neurorehabilitation, neurodegenerative, and developmental disorders. Since internet-based, self-help interventions may support prevention of depression (41), preventive medicine indications of music streaming may be also appealing for those at risk for affective disorders due to genetic, stress, adverse childhood experiences, and other environmental factors (42). Applications of music streaming can include postoperative pain management, given results from randomized trials on music interventions for analgesia in adult and pediatric patients (43, 44). When developing music-streaming medical software, protection of patient’s electronic health re
ords, cybersecurity, long-term patient engagement (18), as well as unhealthy and maladaptive effects of music shall be taken into account (45, 46).\nIncreasing awareness among artists, music, digital, health care, and pharma industries about medical applications of streaming music could spur cross-disciplinary efforts toward development of low-cost, add-on therapies for chronic medical conditions. Given technological advances, biofeedback-based screening of already-existing musical tracks can facilitate initial evaluation of their clinical utility (47, 48). Analogous to drug discovery efforts using high-throughput assays, or virtual screening, collections of music can be mined with EEG, or EDA, or computer-based algorithms to detect and categorize specific musical structures. From the economic perspective, significantly higher revenues of pharmaceutical, electronic, and healthcare industries, as compared to copyright/music industry, favor mutual benefits of collaborative efforts to integrate creative elements into medical treatments. Challenges in advancing music streaming as medical treatments include: (1) differences between a rapid pace of technological advancements in consumer electronic industries and constant creation of new songs and music, as compared to a slower pace of clinical research and regulatory processes, (2) differences in business cultures between music/electronic industries and healthcare (profit margins versus the patient safety and clinical efficacy), and (3) individual and cultural preferences for different genres of music. Since music streaming services offer millions of musical tracks, and they constantly update their playlist portfolios, the above challenges could be mitigated by: (1) developing clinically effective, music-selecting algorithms that are independent of technological, or music content, updates, and (2) long-term collaborations between pharma and music streaming companies. Clinical validation and regulatory approval of music streaming has an incentive of broader acceptance by the patients, health-care providers, including potential reimbursements by third-party payers. Integration of music and mobile software with pharmacological treatments can lead toward development of molecular–behavioral combination therapies via drug–device combination products (14, 49). Such strategy also expands future portfolio of therapies, in addition to repurposing existing drugs, or developing new drugs, which can cost between $2 and $3 billion (50). Music streaming has a potential to improve health-related quality of life of people living with chronic medical conditions, further supporting public health.\nConclusion\nThe diversity of cultural origins, music genres, and personal preferences does not impact universal values of music, while music therapies have been known for many years. Herein, we describe how a rapid growth in internet and mobile technologies, including worldwide accessibility of music streaming and smartphones can in part address increasing global mental health challenges. Repurposing music streaming services into the therapies for depression, anxiety, or bipolar spectrum will require cross-disciplinary collaborations and rigorous clinical validation of specific medical claims. Given convenience and low costs of delivering digital interventions, developing music streaming therapies could offer new opportunities for patients, their caregivers, health-care professionals, music industry, and artists worldwide.\nAuthor Contributions\nGB conceived the project. KS analyzed and reviewed music streaming services and music structures shown in Figure 1. GB and KS reviewed literature, discussed the data, and wrote the manuscript.\nConflict of Interest Statement\nGB is a cofounder and the officer of Epicadence PBC, Public Benefit Corporation, a company developing music and mobile software as medical device therapy for epilepsy patients [this technology was previously described in Ref. (14)]. GB is also a co-inventor of patent-pending technologies “Disease Therapy Game Technology” and “Multimodal Epilepsy Management Suite.” In patent-pending application “Multimodal Epilepsy Management Suite,” there is a description of music streaming for epilepsy patients. KS declares no conflict of interest.\nAcknowledgments\nWe thank the ALSAM Foundation for supporting KS research internship. We also thank Drs. Skye McKennon, Michael Cottle, and Jeremiah Jones for helpful comments on the manuscript. We acknowledge many relevant studies, technologies, and music streaming services that are not described here due to size limitations of this article, and we apologize to all those authors for not referencing their works.\nFunding\nThis work was supported by research internship from the ALSAM Foundation.\nReferences\n1. Berrouiguet S, Baca-Garcia E, Brandt S, Walter M, Courtet P. Fundamentals for future mobile-health (mHealth): a systematic review of mobile phone and web-based text messaging in mental health. J Med Internet Res (2016) 18(6):e135. doi: 10.2196/jmir.5066\nPubMed Abstract | CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar\n2. Koelsch S. Brain correlates of music-evoked emotions. 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Post Surgery Rehabilitation - Achilles Tendonitis\nAchilles Injuries\nAchilles Tendon Anatomy\nAchilles Tendinopathy\nStrained Tendon\nAcute Tendonitis\nChronic Tendonitis\nAchilles Tendonosis\nAchilles Tenosynovitis\nAchilles Tendon Rupture\nMidpoint and Insertional Achilles Tendonitis\nAchilles Bursitis\nHaglunds Syndrome\nTennis Leg - Calf Muscle Injury/Strain\nAchilles Tendon Sprain or Strain?\nPAIN - Back of Heel\nDiagnosing Achilles Tendon Injuries\nTreating Achilles Tendon Injuries\nMore Facts About Achilles Tendonitis:\nThe Achilles tendon does not have a rich blood supply. Blood supply is weakest at a point between 2 and 6 cm above its insertion into the calcaneus (heel bone).\nIgnoring pain in the Achilles tendon (ie. \"running through the pain\") is the biggest cause of chronic Achilles tendonitis.\nFor cyclists, initial Achilles tendon stress is often caused by having a low saddle height. This low saddle height can result in excessive dorsiflexion of the foot, which stresses the Achilles tendon.\nThe Achilles tendon is the connection between the heel and the most powerful muscle group in the body.\nTennis and soccer players over 40 are the most frequent sufferers of tennis leg (calf muscle strain).\nSudden increases in running and or active sprinting sports can cause Achilles tendonitis.\nExcessive running up and down hills can aggravate the Achilles tendon.\nStiff shoe soles at the ball of the foot will increase Achilles tendon strain.\nExcessive heel shock absorption can overstretch the Achilles tendon.\nTight hamstrings and/or tight calf muscles create excess strain on the Achilles tendon.\nFor triatheletes, the most common cause of injuries to the Achilles tendon is overpronation, inflexibility, or lack of strength.\nImmobility, due to an Achilles injury, may result in a contracted Achilles tendon and an increased amount of scar tissue.\nAchilles Tendon Surgery and\nPost-Operative Rehabilitation\nWe Have Advanced Treatment Tools to Help You\nGet Back on Your Feet!\nNot every Achilles tendon injury or condition requires surgery.\nIt is generally understood by doctors and surgeons, that surgery will introduce more scar tissue into the Achilles tendon. This added scar tissue will be problematic, requiring physical therapy and conservative treatment options post-surgery. If not dealt with properly, your ankle and Achilles tendon could end up in worse condition than before the surgery! This is why surgery is only performed as a last resort.\nExcept for specific cases (ie. major tears or a rupture), Achilles Tendon surgery is not even considered until all conservative treatment options have been exhausted. Doctors, orthopedic specialists and physical therapists will advise that you must try at least 6 to 12 months of conservative therapy with no indication of improvement before surgery will even be considered.\nSome conservative treatment methods recommended include:\nRest - This is important for initial healing because without an appropriate amount of rest you are at risk for increased inflammation, pain and re-injury of your Achilles tendon.\nAvoid Activity that caused your achilles injury. - While resting your achilles it's also important to avoid all activities that may have caused your symptoms, including any repetitive ankle movement. This may include reduced activities in your job if that has caused your injury. Continuing on with regular activities can increase the severity of the injury, turning a mild to moderate case of injury into serious damage or leading to injuries in other areas due to overcompensation.\nApply a Cold Compress or Ice Pack - Immediate cold therapy at the onset of your injury (or during flareups) will allow you to manage pain while getting rid of swelling and inflammation.\nUse DTR Therapy (T•Shellz Wrap®) - After swelling and inflammation has been reduced. Use your own blood flow to maximize your rehabilitation, decrease recovery time, and boost overall long-term healing. Deep Tissue Therapy is especially helpful in dealing with chronic tendon & muscle injuries or on-going pain and stiffness from a strained achilles tendon.\nPhysical therapy and rehabilitative exercise under supervision of a physical therapist or doctor. The intent of this is to provide you with increased range of motion, pain relief and strengthening of the soft tissue surrounding the achilles. Caution: aggressive physical therapy can be harmful, such as aggressive stretching or massage, and when dealing with an achilles that has very low range of motion, there is high risk to damage weak and damaged muscles and tendons of the joint.\nOther Conservative Treatment Methods can be Risky\nIn some cases, physicians may recommend drugs or medications like NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflamatory drugs) to manage pain and inflammation. Alternative medications like cortisone injections are NOT advised for any type of Achilles Tendon injury or condition. This is because there is an increased risk of rupture of the tendon following a cortisone injection.\n\"Medical evidence shows that cortisone shots can damage the surrounding tissue, fray the Achilles tendon, and even trigger a rupture. Most side effects are temporary, but skin weakening (atrophy) and lightening of the skin (depigmentation) can be permanent.\" (reference: American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons)\nFor acute (new or recent) Achilles tendon tears that have the ability to heal on their own - your doctor may even cast your foot in a toe pointed position (in something called a \"hanging enquinus cast\") or in a removable brace/splint. A removable splint can be very helpful to prepare you for physical therapy sessions and mobility exercises.\nProlonged use of a cast, removable splint, or long-term rest (restricted movement) without proper exercise or stretching can make your Achilles tendon injury worse. If your Achilles tendon remains completely immobilized and at constant rest, the ends of the Achilles tendon (where it attaches to bone or other muscles) will begin to fill in with scar tissue as part of the healing process. You may also have on-going symptoms of pain, swelling and inflammation, and even poor blood flow circulation.\nLack of proper blood flow and growth of scar tissue will decrease the natural length of the tendon (atrophy) and tighten tissue, reducing the flexibility between your ankle and foot. Your ability to push off with your foot in certain activities such as running, jumping, or going up and down stairs all become compromised. You are also at an increased risk of re-rupture of the tendon, especially if the initial injury was large and required surgery in the first place.\n\"Complications of cortisone shots can include:\nJoint Infection\nNerve Damage\nThinning of skin & soft tissue around injection site\nTemporary Flare of Pain & Inflammation in the Joint\nTendon Weakening or Rupture\nThinning of Nearby Bone\nDeath of Nearby Bone\nTemporary Increase in Blood Sugar\"\n\"Risks - Cortisone Shots - Mayo Clinic\". 2016. Mayoclinic.Org. Accessed November 17 2016. website\nIf you are not at the surgery stage and your physician has opted to treat your injury with conservative treatment options, then you will find that many of our customers have had great success treating themselves with the powerful conservative treatment products such as the Achilles T•Shellz Wrap®. When used as directed, it is our opinion that the T•Shellz Wrap® will give you the best chances of healing your achilles tendonitis, insertional achilles tendonitis or other soft tissue injury at home without the need for surgery. If surgical intervention is required, talk with your physician about using these same products for post-surgery recovery as you will find them to be highly effective for reducing post-surgery inflammation, enhancing range of motion and minimizing scar tissue growth.\nIf Achilles Tendon Surgery is Required...\nIf all conservative treatment methods have been explored and your symptoms (pain as well as limited use for daily activities) persists, then you will be considered a candidate for surgery. You and your doctor may decide to move forward and have you undergo surgery, which will trigger the next chapter of your achilles recovery journey. Your post surgery rehabilitation efforts will have an important impact on how soon you can return to living and enjoying your normal daily life.\nThe surgery that is selected for your injury will depend on the level of your pain and the amount of damage your doctor suspects there may be to your tendon. Much of this damage will be determined through the use of physical exams, x-rays and MRI results.\nWith acute (recent) tearing, the separation in your Achilles tendon is likely to be very minimal. If you have an acute tear you may qualify for less invasive surgery (such as a mini-open procedure). Surgeons will always choose a shorter, less invasive procedure if it is possible to do so. Most surgeons know that a less complicated procedure will have less trauma to the tendon and a much quicker rate of recovery after the surgery.\nOne week after the Achilles tendon has ruptured the ends of the tendon begin to fill in with scar tissue as part of the healing process. This added scar tissue will negatively affect your ability to do normal activities (like running, jumping or going up and down a flight of stairs). If significant scar tissue is present, then a more complicated procedure may be needed to clean out the presence of any scar tissue for optimal healing after the surgery.\nAn injury that is 4 to 6 weeks old is considered a chronic rupture. When you have a chronic Achilles tendon rupture the tendon tears continue to separate further from their ends increasing the gap in the tendon. A chronic rupture often requires a difficult, drastic surgery - often times with a tendon transfer (graft) to complete the surgery and a lengthy recovery period.\nSurgery for the Achilles Tendon will require either the release of tendon tissue from the lateral epicondyle (the end of your humerus bone) which is then reattached, removal of damaged tissue from the tendon (also referred to as debridement), or repair of the torn tissue. Tendon repair can only be considered if the procedure does not over-tighten the tendon itself; this would result in a reduction of mobility/flexibility.\nAll of these surgical techniques can be completed through Arthroscopic surgery, Open surgery or Percutaneous Tenotomy (or a combination of procedures).\nFor achilles tendon injuries, arthroscopic surgery or percutaneous tenotomy are the preferred procedures as they are minimally invasive and patients usually recover at a much faster rate.\nFor most soft tissue injuries, arthroscopic surgery is the preferred procedure as it is minimally invasive and patients usually recover at a much faster rate. This type of surgery will provide the surgeon with first hand insight into the nature of the injury and possibly limit the amount of ankle damage from surgery, helping promote a more effective recovery.\nSome cases however, will require open surgery as the scope of arthroscopic surgery is limited in comparison to full exposure of the achilles in open surgery. If you undergo an open surgery for your Achilles, you should anticipate a much longer time for rehabilitation efforts.\nAs with any surgery there are risks to every procedure depending on a lot of factors, including your age, the severity of your injury and your level of health going into the procedure. It is always best to discuss all possible risks and complications with your doctor, orthopaedic specialist and/or surgeon before the procedure. It's important to be aware of the risks you may face with any procedure intended to fix or relieve pain from your Achilles tendon injury.\nOpen Achilles Tendon Surgery\nThis is the traditional Achilles tendon surgery and remains the 'gold standard' of surgery treatments. During this procedure one long incision (10 to 17 cm in length) is made slightly on an angle on the back on your lower leg/heel. An angled incision like this one allows for the patient's comfort during future recovery during physical therapy and when transitioning back into normal footwear.\nAn open incision this large also provides enough room for the surgeon to prepare a tendon transfer if it's required. When repairing the tendon, non-absorbale sutures may be placed above and below the tear to make sure that the repair is as strong as possible. A small screw/anchor is used to reattach the tendon back to the heel bone if the Achilles tendon has been ruptured completely.\nAn open procedure with precise suturing improves overall strength of your Achilles tendon during the recovery process, making it less likely to re-rupture in the future.\nDebulking or Debridement of the Achilles Tendon\nThis surgical technique is done during open Achilles tendon surgery. To perform a debulking or debridement the surgeon will cut away any damaged/inflamed tissue and scrape down any calcium deposits (bone spurs) that have grown on your heel. Scar tissue may be removed from the sheath surrounding the tendon, from the tendon itself or from both surfaces.\nDebulking or debridement of the Achilles tendon is used as a last resort, if all methods of conservative therapy have been exhausted.\nThis procedure is typically used for conditions such as Tendocalcaneal bursitis, Achilles Tendinitis, Achilles (mid-point or insertional) Tendonosis and in some cases when the tendon has ruptured as well.\nMini-Open Achilles Tendon Repair\nDuring this procedure the surgeon will make one 3 to 4 cm long incision on the back of your ankle and 2 to 4 smaller vertical incisions around the long incision. These smaller veritical incisions are made with a pair of surgical scissors and are commonly referred to as \"stab incisions\".\nOnce the incisions are opened up, the surgeon will place precise sutures with non-absorbable stitches to strengthen the damaged Achilles tendon tissue. This suturing technique reduces the amount of scar tissue on the tendon after surgery and provides better surface healing of the skin. Unlike the traditional method of an open surgery, this procedure has less risks and complications involved. To learn about all risks you may face be sure to speak to your doctor.\nPercutaneous Achilles Tendon Surgery\nDuring this procedure the surgeon will make 3 to 4 incisions (approx. 2.5 cm long) on both sides of the Achilles tendon. Small forceps are used to free the tendon sheath (the soft tissue casing around your Achilles tendon) to make room for the surgeon to stitch/suture any tears.\nThis procedure can be done in 3 different ways depending on the preference and experience of your surgeon.\nInstead of making several 2.5 cm incisions for this procedure, some surgeons will use guided imaging with an ultrasound to see the Achilles tendon tissue without having to open up your ankle. For this technique, they will use a surgical needle to repeatedly stab your Achilles tendon. These \"stab incisions\" will allow the surgeon to \"blindly\" suture your tendon without seeing the actual tissue. As another option - some surgeons will only make 1 to 3 incisions for smaller surgical implements to repair your tendon while relying on imaging ultrasound to see your damaged tissue. During either procedure the use of ultrasound imaging or endoscopic techniques requires a very skilled surgeon.\n\"Blind\" suturing can be dangerous depending on the experience level of your surgeon. Without seeing your tendon tissue, it is possible that your surgeon won't use enough sutures to repair your tendon. They could also hit one of the nerves in your ankle or align your tendon tissue incorrectly. Each of these issues can result in a re-rupture of your Achilles tendon if left untreated.\nAchilles Tendon Transfer\nYour surgeon will decide to perform an Achilles tendon transfer procedure if the gap in your tendon is really wide or your tendon has become frayed and weak over time. The donor Achilles tendon tissue will bridge the gap and cover the weaker portions of your tendon to strengthen it and increase your overall rate of recovery.\nStability of your Ankle after the Surgery\nIt is important to understand that sur
ery may not give you 100% functionality of your leg, but you should be able to return to most if not all of your pre-injury activities. These surgical procedures are often performed with very successful results. What truly makes a difference is your commitment to a doctor recommended rehabilitation program after surgery as there is always a possibility of re-injuring your tendon even after a surgical procedure. One complication of surgical repair for Achilles tendon tear is that skin can become thin at site of incision, and may have limited blood flow.\nMany people don't realize that Achilles tendon surgery can be very traumatic to your body. The type of trauma you experience after surgery can be compared to what you go through when you first injured your Achilles tendon.\nDuring the first 24 to 72 hours after the surgery your ankle will be tender, swollen and very painful. Your leg will be weak and unstable making it impossible for you to put weight on your leg without some kind of help. This is why your doctor or surgeon will have you outfitted for a cast, ankle brace and/or crutches before the procedure. When you are relying on a cast/brace and crutches your Achilles tendon is less likely to be as active as it once was. This is usually why atrophy (loss) of your lower leg muscles (specifically your calf muscle) happens.\nIn general, more than 80%* of people who undergo surgery for an injured Achilles Tendon are able to return to their active lifestyle. In order to avoid re-injury, it is important to commit to a regular conservative therapy routine. *(reference: webmd.com)\nAsk any doctor and they will tell you that the success of your surgery depends on your level of dedication to regular at home care of your Achilles Tendon. Most of our Achilles tendon post-op clients have treated themselves successfully through regular use of a Cold Compress or Ice Pack and an Achilles TShellz Wrap.\nUsing these therapies will lessen the chance and/or severity of ankle joint degeneration and muscular atrophy during your rehabilitation process. In some cases our customers have prevented the onset of degeneration through regular use of these treatments. They will even combine these therapeutic treatments with the rehabilitation plan recommended by their doctor, surgeon or physical therapist.\nGetting Started with Your Post-Operative Rehabilitation\nAfter your surgery is done, you will probably receive a tailored rehabilitation plan directly from your surgeon or physical therapist. This rehabilitation plan will combine rest, exercise, and conservative therapies, to aid in your recovery. All rehabilitation efforts will be explored under the guidance of a doctor or physical therapist, but you will also be expected to continue your exercise, stretching and treatment at home. The success of your rehabilitation will depend on a variety of factors including (but not limited to):\nyour age, overall health and activity level\nthe state of your injury before surgery (severe injuries like a tendon rupture, open wound, bone damage or fracture will require more intense surgery)\nthe type of surgery you have undergone\nhow soon you must return to normal activity\nNo two rehabilitation plans are alike - The less invasive your surgery is,\nthe quicker your road to recovery will be.\nThe goal of a rehabilitation plan is to manage pain and swelling while improving function, strength, and range of motion. Ultimately, you will regain strength in your ankle and Achilles tendon to be able to walk normally and return to full activity. You will most likely spend a lot of time with a physical therapist after your surgery, but as your healing progresses, emphasis will be placed on your personal at home treatment. The success of your rehabilitation will depend on your dedication to working with your doctor and physical therapist while also managing your recovery on a daily basis at home.\nRegardless of what type of surgery you've had (or even if you don't need surgery) your home therapy routine can be improved by controlling initial and on-going pain/swelling, and increasing blood flow to heal your tendon so that you can achieve long-term, positive results. This can easily be done by incorporating a Cold Compress or Ice Pack and an Achilles TShellz Wrap. Regular treatment with an Achilles TShellz Wrap will provide deep tissue heat, increasing localized bloodflow which will help increase your body's natural healing rate. An enhanced healing rate will help decrease time spent in recovery.\nSpeak to your doctor, surgeon or phsyical therapist about incorporating TShellz Wrap treatments into your post-operative rehabilitation program to boost your overall recovery process.\nPost-OP Phase 1: Protect your Achilles Tendon\nRehabilitation after surgery on your Achilles tendon will first focus on protecting your ankle from further damage as well as initiating simple movement routines. The level of protection needed for your ankle will depend on the type of surgery you have had. You may be given (or advised to purchase) an ankle brace to wear for a week or more after surgery, or until your first follow-up appointment with the surgeon.\nAfter an open Achilles tendon surgery (depending on how much damage was repaired) your ankle will be immobilized in a short or long-leg cast with absolutely no weight bearing on your injured leg for 4-8 weeks. After 4-8 weeks your Achilles tendon will start to heal to the point where weight bearing is acceptable. At this point a new low-heeled, short-leg equinus cast or controlled ankle motion brace will be used.\nYou may need to wear a short cast and/or a removable brace for up to 4 weeks after a Percutaneous Tendon Surgery or Mini-open Achilles Tendon Repair procedure. After 4-6 weeks have passed, you may be able to return to weight bearing capability with the aid of a splint or walking boot.\nDirectly after your surgery has been completed, you will undergo Step 1 of the healing process by stopping the bleeding that has started because of the incisions and work done inside of your achilles. Depending on the type of procedure you have just had, your tissue may be sutured together, reconstructed or removed to fix your underlying condition. In any case, as with any injury to your tissue, the tissue in your ankle will be bleeding again. Depending on the type of injury you have, your surgeon may even stimulate bleeding during your surgery to trigger the healing process.\nTypically your body will have begun to stop the bleeding as soon as your surgeon has completed your surgery. This means that the veins carrying your blood will close off, and your blood will coagulate (condense to seal the bleeding off) in order to reduce the amount of blood loss in your body. Your body knows to do this automatically because blood is so vital to the healing process. Blood is basically the vehicle for oxygen, nutrients, white blood cells and anti-bodies that travel directly to the injury in your achilles - where these things are needed most.\nIn order to reduce pain, swelling and inflammation your doctor will prescribe an anti-inflammatory drug to be taken during the first week after your surgery, or for however long it is needed, depending on your pain level. Your surgeon will also recommend the use of a Cold Compress or Ice Pack on a frequent basis - multiple times per day - to control your inflammation and reduce your pain.\nIf you have undergone an arthroscopic surgery, you may have less blood loss and your doctor or surgeon will check before you leave the hospital to make sure your bleeding at the incisions has stopped. If you have undergone open achilles surgery, your doctor and/or surgeon will check your incisions periodically over the next few days of your hospital-stay to ensure that your body has stopped the bleeding on its own and also make sure that your incisions are starting to heal.\nMovements to Watch Out For After Surgery\nYou will possibly be advised by your physician not to drive or operate a motorized vehicle for at least a week after your surgery. This is because restriction of ankle movement may affect your ability to brake or accelerate your vehicle properly, particularly in an emergency situation which may require rapid, deliberate movements of the foot.\nRight after surgery, avoid straining with the lower leg/ankle that was just operated on. This basically includes undergoing any range of motion activity that would move the foot up or down. This shouldn't be too problematic as you will probably be wearing a boot in a locked position (with regard to plantar flexion).\nAfter your incisions, repaired and/or removed tissue has stopped bleeding; your achilles will probably be tender, swollen, red and hot to the touch - these are all symptoms of inflammation. Step 2 of the healing process is inflammation reduction. At this point you will be home if you have had arthroscopic surgery, or you may still be in the hospital if you have had open surgery. In order to reduce pain, swelling and inflammation your doctor will prescribe an anti-inflammatory drug to be taken during the first week or 2 after your surgery. Your surgeon will also recommend a cooling therapy, like R.I.C.E. (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation).\nRest at this point is vital to your rehabilitation plan depending on the surgery you have undergone. If you have had arthroscopic surgery with minimal internal wounding from your surgeon, you may be encouraged to start movement early or as soon as possible. Limited movements of the achilles/lower leg will be required in most cases after the surgery. If you have had an invasive open surgery, then you may be encouraged to rest longer at first before starting movement.\nYour doctor or surgeon will advance you to the next Phase of rehabilitation when there is no evidence of inflammation or swelling in the achilles, heel and lower leg. If you have had arthroscopic surgery, your doctor may expect that you are able to move your lower leg, ankle, foot and toes around pain free (with the aid of a sling if needed) before moving onto the next Phase of rehabilitation.\nPost-OP Phase 2: Gain Back Range of Motion and Stability in the Achilles\nAfter your Achilles tendon starts to heal your tissue will be in a weakened state and will not be as strong as healthy tissue for some time. This is why you need to be on \"re-injury watch\" and make the most of your physical therapy appointments and home therapies during your rehabilitation. It would be devastating if overdoing it at any point during the first few months of rehabilitation would send you right back into the operating room.\nAfter the initial healing of your achilles surgery (when Step 1 and 2 of the healing process is done), temporary tissue will start to grow around tissue that was damaged during your injury or the surgery. Step 3 is the Growth of Temporary Tissue.\nOnce your new tissue has begun to grow you will be encouraged to gain back some of your range of motion (ROM) and increase the stability of your achilles, leg and ankle. Your doctor or surgeon may also introduce regular physical therapy appointments. You may still be expected to wear a brace to reduce the amount of stress you are placing on your ankle and achilles tendon during movement (reducing your risk of re-injury).\nYou will start gradual movement of your achilles in a free (non-forced) way with very low impact exercises, normally with very few repetitions of activity. Your joint may be stiff at first, and you should expect simple and easy movement to be a bit more difficult for you to master and painful. Exercise of any kind is a method of increasing blood-flow in your achilles to increase the amount of oxygen, nutrients, white blood cells and anti-bodies that travel to your injured tissue.\nYou might start with gentle active foot extensions (ie. toe curls) and flexion exercises with a hard brace/cast on at 0 - 14 days. Once you're out of a hard brace, pain becomes the guiding factor with tolerance of weight-bearing or any exercises/stretches.\nAt about 6 to 12 weeks (depending on your type of surgery) you still need to allow for healing from the surgery. Although you may be feeling much better and your pain is dropping, your achilles tendon at 4 weeks is only about 20% healed. At 8 weeks it will be about 40% strong and after 12 weeks the tendon is 60% as strong as normal tendon. The point where the pain decreases yet the tendons are still weak is a critical point. This is the stage where you need to be very careful about re-injury.\nYour surgeon will recommend regular physical therapy appointments in the first 6 weeks after surgery. The type of surgery and the degree of damage to your achilles tendon will also make a difference in how soon you start physical therapy.\nYour physical therapy appointments will be 1-3 times per week, and the progression of movement in your achilles will be the guide. At your appointments you will be encouraged to gain back some of your range of motion and increase the stability of your injured ankle. You will start with the gradual movement in a free (non-forced) way with little weight or resistance, normally with very few repetitions of activity. Your foot will be stiff and painful at first, and simple, easy movements may seem challenging in the beginning. Don't be discouraged, your hard work will payoff in the end!\nAt Home Stretching/Exercise - Your therapist will encourage you, telling you just how important it is to commit to regular exercise at home as well as in the clinic. You should be doing homes exercises up to 3 times per day. They will give you the exercises and guidance based on your overall soreness level and morning discomfort.\nWe advise our clients to apply a T•Shellz Wrap® treatment to help increase blood flow before stretching (or exercise). Apply a TShellz Wrap treatment for approximately 15 to 20 minutes (finishing 15 minutes before exercise) to help increase elasticity and flexibility of your tendons, ligaments and muscles. The increased elasticity will help minimize tissue tears and scar tissue growth (increase ROM and decrease reinjury risk.\nControlling post-exercise swelling and inflammation is crucial during this Phase. Any sign of swelling or inflammation after exercise may be an indication of minor re-injury to your achilles or surrounding tissue and muscle. Control your inflammation immediately after exercise with a 15 to 20 minute cold treatment. If you are not careful to treat your swelling or inflammation immediately after exercise you may experience a set-back in your recovery.\nYour doctor, surgeon or physical therapist will advance you to the next Phase of rehabilitation when you show measured improvement of range of motion (ROM), strength, stability and flexibility of your foot and ankle. The level of improvement will depend on the severity of your injury and the type of surgery you have had. For example, if you have had a relatively simple arthroscopic repair of tissue, you may be expected to move the ankle around before moving to Phase 3 of your rehabilitation.\nIf you have questions, call our office at 1-866-237-9608 (toll free continental US).\nAt Home Stretching/Exercise\nFull heel to hip movement is common to many physical therapy recovery routines. it is considered to be a foundation stretch used to rehabilitate from a variety of injuries, including recovery from open Achilles tendon surgery, percutaneous or mini-open repair procedures. Along with other stretches, your physical therapist will most probably prescribe heel to hip movement (sometimes referred to as \"heel slides\") to introduce gentle stretching of your leg and keep your Achilles tendon active and moving.\nPost-OP Phase 3: Gain Back Full Capability of Your Achilles & Ankle Joint\nAfter temporary tissue has grown (Step 3 of the healing process), this temporary tissue will go through different stages of conversion into healthy, normal, flexible tissue. This is Step 4 of the healing process (Complete Tissue Re-Growth). Before converting into healthy tissue, temporary tissue will often become tough, dense, fibrous scar tissue. Scar tissue has an unorganized, inflexible tissue structure, which makes it brittle. Scar tissue will provide your injury with more long term fusing power, but will also stick to surrounding healthy
tissue in your lower leg, achilles and heel. The growth of this scar tissue is what stiffens your achilles, restricting movement and flexibility.\nThis phase of your rehabilitation will focus on an increase in activity level in order to regain full range of motion (ROM) and muscle strength in your foot. Your doctor or physical therapist will increase your activity by introducing the regular use of a towel stretch, calf stretches, step ups and balance exercises.\nUse an Achilles T•Shellz Wrap® (Deep Tissue Therapy) BEFORE workouts and a Cold Compress or Ice Pack after work-outs. This protocol will go a long way to maintaining overall tissue stretchability, reduce re-injury risk, and treat any pain, swelling or inflammation due to overexertion of your leg/ankle.\nYour doctor or physical therapist will advance you to the next Phase of rehabilitation when you have regained full ROM (range of motion) without pain in your achilles. You may also have to pass clinical exams or tests of your muscle strength, balance, stability and flexibility in order to be cleared for Phase 4.\nPost-OP Phase 4: Return to Regular Activities\nIn many cases, your doctor or surgeon may recommend that you continue muscle strengthening and stretching instructed during your rehabilitation in order to maintain healthy ROM of your achilles. Additional cardiovascular exercise will also be encouraged. If you are an athlete or have a job that requires extensive physical capability, your doctor or physical therapist will likely advise a very gradual return to previous activity. They also may encourage continued rehabilitation and/or maintenance of your lower leg through physical therapy or conservative treatment methods, to prevent re-injury of your achilles.\nScar tissue may plague you for weeks, months and maybe even years after your surgery depending on your level of activity and the amount of conservative therapy you have undergone during your rehabilitation. Scar tissue will be a major problem as scar tissue can easily build up quickly and its hard to get rid of.\nEven if you have been cleared to get back to activity, you still must be careful with the activity you take on. You need to keep in mind that your achilles won't be back to 100% for some time (if at all) and so continued stretching with the exercises and stretches outlined give by you physical therapist and treatment with T•Shellz and cold therapy will maintain good health of the achilles and significantly reduce your risk of re-injury.\nYour success to recovering from achilles surgery is up to you. Many of our past clients have found the following points to be quite valuable during their recovery period.\nlisten well to your physician and if conservative treatments are recommended, ask your physician about incorporating the use of an Achilles T•Shellz Wrap® at home. Stick all prescribed treatments daily to ensure you maximize the opportunity to heal\nFrequent use of a Cold Compress or Ice Pack after your surgery will get the swelling down. Much of the pain you feel will be from the swelling, and you will be surprised how quick the pain drops off once the swelling is down.\nConsistent use of the Achilles TShellz Wrap (a safe, carbon fiber electromagnetic energy emission device) will help reduce reinjury risk and promote blood flow to the area (and thereby accelerate the body's own healing process).\nWhen applied before stretching, the Achilles TShellz Wrap will help elongate connective tissue in the lower leg, achilles and heel. This soft tissue will remain elongated for some time after treatment. This means that it helps improve your range of motion which is exactly what you want when trying to recover from tendon and muscle damage.\nHow Long To Heal After Achilles Surgery?\nDepending on your job (and whether your occupation has contributed to causing your condition), your injury, the type of surgery you have had, and the level of commitment toward your post-op rehabilitation, you may be able to return back to work from within 6 to 12 weeks after the surgery. Overall healing of your achilles after surgery may take upwards of 6 to 12 months, which means you may not be able to return to sports or walking/running/climbing with heavy loads, until a year has passed after your surgery.\nMost people won't be able to return to other regular activities, like driving, until 8 weeks after Achilles tendon surgery. This timeframe is of course different for everyone, and depends on the advice of your surgeon and/or physical therapist. For example, you may be cleared to return to driving when you have shown that you are physically capable of raising and moving your leg on your own during physical therapy.\nAthletes may take up to 7 months to heal before they are ready to begin their sport again. Athletes are typically in very good health (good bloodflow - high oxygen/nutrient delivery), so their bodies have natural advantaged to heal soft tissue more quickly than average. Complete recovery from a Achilles tendon surgery for non-athletes could take up to 1 year.\nExpectations for Long-term Recovery\nRehabilitation after your Achilles surgery is just the beginning of your recovery process. Even after you've had surgery to fix your Achilles tendon, it is improbable that your tendon will heal 100%. From this point on, you will always need to be careful with your Achilles tendon. Your achilles tendon is almost certainly weaker than it was before the injury, so your risk of re-injury in the future is much higher. Achilles re-injury statistics support this, as in this 2013 study of elite male football players: \"27% of all Achilles tendinopathies were reinjuries\". source: Gajhede-Knudsen M, E. A. Gajhede-Knudsen M, et al. \"Recurrence Of Achilles Tendon Injuries In Elite Male Football Players Is More Common After Early Return To Play: An 11-Year Follow-Up Of The UEFA C... - Pubmed - NCBI .\" Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. N. p., 2018. Web. 8 June 2018.\nManage Your Symptoms On A Daily Basis To Prevent Re-Injury\nIt's simple to manage long-term healing of your Achilles tendon with conservative treatment methods that can be conveniently used in the comfort of your own home. If you are looking for an all-natural pain management and long-term healing solution that will provide long-lasting relief, speak to your doctor today about incorporating the Achilles TShellz Wrap into your treatment plan.\nA Cold Compress or Ice Pack can help you to decrease post-operative pain and swelling while also managing any pain from occasional inflammatory flare-ups (re-injury). Consistent treatment with a Cold Compress or Ice Pack will effectively reduce your inflammation, draw the pain out of your achilles and gently numb the nerve endings in your tissue for rapid, long-lasting pain relief.\nDuring your last few stages of rehabilitation, while you are undergoing physical therapy and focusing on improvements to your range of motion, it is important to maintain healthy blood flow in your Achilles tendon. Strong and healthy tendons and muscles need a solid blood circulatory system and this is exactly what our TShellz Wraps are made for.\nReduced blood flow slows down your recovery process and keeps your Achilles tendon tissue in a weakened state. If your tissue remains in this condition, you will always be at risk of re-injury that will severely set back all of your hard work of rehabilitating your achilles injury.\nUse TShellz Wraps regularly to prevent re-injury and keep your muscles, tendons and ligaments elastic and flexible. Healthy blood flow is vital to the healing process after achilles surgery. Your blood flow is what brings oxygen, nutrients, anti-bodies and energy (things needed to heal) into your damaged tissue. Blood Flow promotes tissue re-growth, strengthening the delicate work your surgeon has done.\nRegular treatments with DTR Therapy (via use of the T•Shellz Wrap®) will help you increase blood flow for up to 4 hours with just one 20 minute application! An Achilles TShellz Wrap will help you increase blood flow to your repaired tendon. There simply isn't a better product on the market to increase your body's natural healing process and provide long-term health benefits.\nDealing with Scar Tissue After Achilles Surgery\nHow Scar Tissue Affects Your Rehabilitation\nTendons, ligaments, muscle and other soft tissue in the foot are all meant to be soft and flexible, ready to work and move extreme forces in everyday activities. When I say extreme force, I mean try to imagine the amount of tension that is put on your achilles when running or climbing stairs - even when you are just walking even, let alone running.\nScar tissue grows in damaged tissue when it tries to heal; little tiny band-aids that overlap each other to bind tiny tissue tears together. With this added scar tissue, muscles & tendons & ligaments become rigid, less flexible and unable to handle the forces that it once could. If you're suffering with scar tissue now you may feel the effects with stiffness, tightness, weakness and tiredness in your achilles.\nScar tissue is something that will be present in your tendon before and after your surgery. The growth of scar tissue is ultimately what causes stiffening in your Achilles tendon, restricting movement and flexibility. Scar Tissue is something that cannot be avoided during surgery. Your surgeon will determine if the anticipated outcome from surgery will be successful, despite the buildup of scar tissue that you will develop as a result of the surgery. Overall, the surgeon may be able to remove a lot of the initial buildup of scar tissue around the injury and in doing so, view a positive outcome from the surgery.\nScar tissue can form fast to bring together the edges of a tear, but working fast doesn't mean that the job's done right. When scar tissue forms it doesn't come together as neatly as regular (healthy) tissue would. Scar tissue fibers will lay down over top of your tear in a cluttered, messy and jumbled up way.\nOn-going issues with scar tissue can result in soft tissue tears and increase chances of strain to nearby tendons or ligaments (as they are now handling higher forces due to overcompensation).\nScar tissue is one of the MAIN reasons why a chronic achilles injury has not healed and your Range of Motion (ROM) is reduced from what it once was.\nScar tissue will form fast to deal with a soft tissue achilles injury, and this scar tissue will attach to EVERYTHING in the area, including the surrounding healthy tissue as well. This can result in a fusing together of the soft tissue in your achilles and lower leg that shouldn't be fused together, and this will cause extreme pain when you move your achilles - it is literally ripping scar tissue. This is why physical therapy is often painful - the therapist stretches the joint, forcing the scar tissue bonds to break so you can regain your range of motion.\nScar tissue is a major problem especially when it comes to an achilles injury - causing your injury to become chronic, and taking months or even YEARS to completely heal!\nUnfortunately, scar tissue may plague you for weeks, months and maybe even years after your surgery, depending on your level of activity and the amount of conservative treatments you have done during your rehabilitation.\nYou can quickly minimize scar tissue growth and reduce risk of re-injury to your achilles and leg muscles/tendons/ligaments by increasing blood flow to that area and increasing the elasticity of soft tissue in the area. Treating yourself with the Achilles TShellz Wrap is the easiest and most effective way to help accelerate your recovery at home by increasing soft tissue elasticity which helps reduce the risk of more scar tissue growth.\nWhen applied before activity or work, the TShellz Wrap will relax and lengthen your soft tissue to help improve your range of motion and prevent atrophy (tissue wasting & shortening) of your injured achilles.\nOverall, continued treatment with the Achilles TShellz Wrap will maintain good health in your Achilles Tendon and significantly reduce your risk of reinjury.\nDeep Tissue Regeneration Therapy for Fast Tracking Post Surgery Recovery\nImprove Circulation & Reduce Re-Injury Risk with the T•Shellz Wrap®\nIf you want to heal quickly, you need to keep your blood moving and that's where DTR Therapy, comes in.\nWhat is DTR Therapy? It's a substantial increase in the flow of blood to soft tissue in the achilles and lower leg without the need to exercise your already damaged tissue.\nHave you seen what happens when you add water to a flower wilted from drought? In essence, your injured achilles or calf muscle is much like a \"wilted\" flower; your body wants to heal its injury, but needs lots of nutrients to do it. Blood brings new life to your cells by delivering healing nutrients and oxygen that are vital to your tissue. In addition, the blood carries away toxins and cellular waste cleaning the area and healing it faster. Without a good supply of blood, your injury simply won't heal properly.\nWith DTR Therapy your injured achilles is constantly being fed with healing, nutritious, oxygen and energy filled blood. This is exactly what your body needs to heal.\nIn order to get maximum blood flow to your achilles, you need to help your body stimulate blood flow. DTR Therapy is the fast, easy and pain-free way to increase blood flow and speed healing. It's the key to dealing with tears, tendonitis, strains, spasms and other damage in soft tissue properly.\nWhen treating any soft tissue injury, an effective therapy will increase blood flow to the injury while the joint is immobile.\nThis increase in blood flow will accelerate the body's own ability to heal itself.\nThe TShellz Wrap is a highly effective blood circulation stimulation device approved by the FDA for use at home.\nT•Shellz Wrap® = The Perfect Deep Tissue Regeneration Therapy Delivery Tool\nWhen to use an Achilles TShellz Wrap:\nOnce the swelling is gone (usually after applying cold compression to the injury over 24 to 72 hr period).\nBEFORE getting out of bed in the morning. BEFORE going to bed at night.\nBEFORE exercise, workouts or activity of any kind to increase elasticity of tendons, ligaments and muscles and decrease the chance of re-injury.\nAFTER surgery (once the skin wound has healed over) to increase post-surgery healing rate and minimize scar tissue growth (due to reinjury) at the surgery location.\nAnytime BEFORE you feel you might undertake activity that will put significant strain on the injury area.\nWhen to use a Cold Compress or Ice Pack:\n24 to 72 hours after your initial injury or when you first notice pain and swelling to stop celluar damage, relieve pain, and decrease swelling.\nAfter exercise, workouts or activity of any kind to prevent re-injury.\nBefore and after surgery during rehabilitation to control pre and post-surgery pain and swelling.\nAnytime you feel your lower leg, heel or achilles has been over-extended, over-worked, twisted, strained or sprained causing pain and swelling.\nAnytime you have swelling, sharp throbbing pain or inflammation.\nAny other situation where you need to draw the pain and inflammation out of your lower leg and foot.\nMinimize Your Chance of Achilles Surgery with these Effective Conservative Treatment Options\nIf your doctor thinks you might be able to avoid surgery by using conservative treatments, you can join our many customers who have had great success treating themselves with the powerful treatment products we offer through AidMyAchilles.\nTendinosis, Tendinitis or Tenosynovitis of the achilles, strains, tears and other soft tissue achilles injuries are not uncommon - it can happen to anyone. Right now, there are thousands of doctors and physical therapists dealing with patients that require a solution to heal their injury as fast as possible. Maybe they are just patients that are unwilling to just take pain pills, lay in bed and wait or perhaps they are patients with extensive access to medical care with a great insurance plan. Even fortunate patients such as this have greatly benefited from boosting their PT and medical treatments with home therapies using the products we have recommended.\nRegardless of who you are or your reasons, if you want to be proactive about properly addressing your achilles conditio
and minimizing the negative impact it will have on your lifestyle, talk with your physician about accelerating your therapy at home with Deep Tissue Regeneration Therapy through the use of an Achilles T•Shellz Wrap®. We have many happy customers that have healed their injuries much faster than even they had hoped for and significantly reduced their pain during treatment and through the healing process.\nAre You Dealing with Rehabilitation After Achilles Tendon Surgery?\nWe Have Answers that can Help...\nMost cases of Achilles tendonitis/tendonosis will respond well to conservative treatments, however, surgery will be needed in some cases (especially with a full Achilles tendon rupture). Undergoing Achilles tendon surgery, whether you have an open, percutaneous or mini-open procedure, can be a scary and challenging time for most.\nThe Internet and any medical professionals available to you (your surgeon, orthopaedic specialist and/or physical therapist) will provide a wealth of information and details on the surgery itself, but it can be a challange to fully understand the medical terminology used, how your body reacts to the surgery and what comprehensive rehabilitation plan will get your body healed as soon as possible.\nSurgery in itself is not the end of the journey, it is merely the beginning of a new chapter. Your rehabilitation efforts will have an important impact on how soon you can return to living and enjoying your normal daily life.\nIt truly takes a cohesive rehab plan after surgery - incorporating conservative therapy, rest and physical therapy/exercise - to ensure a complete recovery takes hold. There is no single answer and each individual experience in rehabilitation is different.\nWe here at AidMyAchilles provide suggestions and options for people to help get them through this life changing event. We assist many people in shaping an individual course of action to help them heal after surgery.\nClick HERE to Go To Our Online Store If you have questions, call our office at 1-866-237-9608 (toll free continental US).\nThe Next Step Is Up To You!\nLiving with pain is never easy as it affects your entire lifestyle. Living with pain during or after intensive surgery with a lengthy rehabilitation period can be even harder! Nothing is more important than making the proper decision when it comes to treating your ankle pain after surgery.\nDoctors and Surgeons are always improving the technologies used in surgery, and results from surgery now are much more positive than they were in the past. However, all surgeries introduce scar tissue, and recovery from achilles surgery is often less successful than you might expect. If you do wind up getting surgery, know that rehabilitation at-home while attending regular physical therapy or doctor appointments is vital for your overall recovery. It is especially vital to the lower leg, achilles and ankle areas, as they consistently handle extreme forces (body weight). Consistent exercise and conservative treatment on a daily basis during your rehabilitation while working with your doctor, surgeon or physical therapist is key - and this is why you should seriously consider maximizing your recovery by using the Achilles T•Shellz Wrap® at home once you are approved for physical therapy.\nAidMyAchilles.com stands out in this regard as our goal is to help you keep your achilles healthy for the long-term in a cost effective manner. This might mean healing your achilles without needing surgery. If you couldn't avoid surgery, then our tools can also help you recover from surgery more quickly and completely..\nWe strongly believe that we can help you, and we have thousands of happy clients to back this claim. You are welcome to try our products for a 60 day period.. If you are committed to following the treatments outlined in the product instructions we are very confident that our TShellz Wraps will aid you immensely. If you do not receive the benefits that countless of our other customers have experienced from our products, call us, mail the product back to us and we will provide you with a full product refund.\nOur online shop accepts Visa & Mastercard as well as a Paypal Payment option.\nWe also encourage your to Call Our Office at 1-866-237-9608 (toll free continental NA) where we can answer any questions you have and/or take your order via phone.\nOur customer service lines are open 5 days a week helping people understand their injuries and how to treat them. Simply call toll free 1-866-237-9608 to talk or place an order with one of our knowledgeable Product Advisers. They have the ability to answer questions and even put together a treatment plan for you.\nThe bottom line is, you are welcome to try our products for a full 2 months. If you do not receive the benefits that others have experienced, simply return your purchase back to us and we will issue a prompt & full refund. There will be no hassle and no hard feelings.\nPrevention and Promotion of Lifelong Health\nIf you want to avoid re-injury, or manage pain and increase circulation for lifelong health benefits, an Achilles TShellz Wrap will provide exceptional results. Why spend time in pain, off from work, and missing out on your active lifestyle when you can be proactive about your injury and the health of your body? Talk to your doctor about incorporating a regular routine of using Deep Tissue Regeneration Therapy into your everyday health regimen.\nIf you are still uncertain which route to go or if you would like to discuss issues affecting your ankle pain, Achilles tendonitis, tendonosis or other soft tissue injuries, then do not hesitate to contact a AidMyAchilles Advisor immediately by phone North America Toll Free 1-866-237-9608 | Outside North America +1-705-532-1671 or email [email protected]\nProduct Advisors are available 9:00 am to 10:00 pm Eastern Standard Time Monday, Tuesday and between 9:00 am and 5:00pm on Wednesday to Friday.\[email protected]\nNorth America Toll Free 1-866-237-9608\nOutside North America +1-705-532-1671\nAidMyAchilles advisors do not work on commission, so be assured you will only receive fair and objective information.\nLearn More About Achilles Injuries & Treatments\nI want to learn more about Achilles Surgery & Post-Surgery Recovery\nI want to learn more about Deep Tissue Regeneration Therapy\nI want to learn more about Ice & Heat: Which Is Better For The Achilles?\nI want to learn more about Stretching for the Achilles\nSign Up To Our Newsletter:\nThere is a lot of information online\n- but not all of it is factual. We spend hours per week doing the research... separating fact from fiction. We then present this information in an easy-to-read newsletter, generally sent once per month.\nAchilles Tendon Facts\nThere are over 250,000 achilles tendon injuries each year in the US.\nAchilles tendon ruptures are common in people between the ages of 30 and 50.\nIn runners, too rapid an increase in mileage, hill training without proper strengthening, and recent or inadequate changes to running gear can cause injuries to the Achilles tendon.\nAchilles tendonitis accounts for an estimated 11% of running injuries.\n3-5% of athletes are forced to leave their sports career due to Achilles tendon overuse injuries that go untreated.\nMedications mask the pain but do very little in the healing of Achilles tendonitis. Anti-inflammatories, cortisone injections, and pain killers can cause Achilles tendonitis to worsen.\nA fully ruptured tendon REQUIRES surgery. It will not heal on its own.\nAchilles tendonitis and Achilles tendinitis are the same thing.\nContinually using your Achilles tendon while it is injured will lead to a more serious and/or chronic injury.\nRelated Injuries\nPeroneal Tendinitis\nPosterior Tibial Tendinitis (tendinitis of the foot)\nPlantar Fasciitis\nTarsal Tunnel Syndrome\nPatellar Tendinitis\nQuadriceps Tendinitis\nShin Splints\nRepetitive Stress Injury Overview\nACL Tear Injury\nHoffas Syndrome (Knee) | 2019-04-21T10:46:26Z | "http://www.aidmyachilles.com/pulled-achilles/achilles-tendon-surgery-rehabilitation.php" | www.aidmyachilles.com | 11 | 6 | 1 |
Exercise and Depression - Improve Your Mood in 5 Minutes?\nWe use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it.Ok\nBlog\nCBD Explained\nShop\nTestimonials\nFAQ\nAbout Us\nContact\nSign In\nSIGN IN / REGISTER\nToll Free: 1-800-929-5174 I [email protected]\nSIGN IN / REGISTER\nMenu\nBlog\nCBD Explained\nShop\nTestimonials\nFAQ\nAbout Us\nContact\nBlog\nKeep yourself up to date with the latest health & wellness news, tips, research and more.\nFacebook\nTwitter\nPinterest\nEmail\nPrint\nExercise and Depression – Improve Your Mood in 5 Minutes?\nFacebook\nTwitter\nPinterest\nEmail\nPrint\nArticles\nExercise and Depression – Can Exercise really help to improve your mood?\nDepression does not discriminate against gender, age or religion. Cases of depression can be found all over the world. Exercise and depression don’t usually go hand in hand.\nAnd that’s the whole point!\nSounds ridiculous I know, but let’s see how we can use that.\nJust 5 minutes of exercise per day can be a dramatic change in your mood trough out the rest of the day. It’s about increasing energy levels and lifting your state, to find greater pleasure in life and fight the symptoms of depression.\nDoing some exercise to deal with depression is not meant to replace other treatments, but should be included in a healthy management strategy.\nWhat is Depression?\nDepression is a serious medical condition, diagnosed by a medical professional.\nIt is more than a bad mood or sadness which has occurred due to a bad experience.\nDepression is a serious physical and mental health issue.\nIt involves regular feelings of:\nhelplessness,\nhopelessness\nand worthlessness\nExercise aims to reduce these feelings.\nDepression affects 1 in 5 women and 1 in 8 men\nSymptoms of depression include but are not limited to:\nFeeling fatigued and having a lack of energy nearly everyday\nFeelings of worthlessness nearly every day\nNot going out anymore or not getting things done at work or school\nImpaired concentration levels, difficulties concentrating for long periods of time\nPoor sleep or insomnia\nWithdrawing from family and friends\nLoss of interest and pleasure in activities ever day\nFeelings of restlessness, irritability, guilt or unhappiness regularly\nSuffering headaches and/or muscle pains\nSuicidal or thoughts of self-harm\nSignificant weight loss or gain\nWhat causes depression?\nThere are several factors that can lead to the development of depression.\nSignificant negative life events are very common including:\nlong term unemployment\nliving in abusive or non-caring relationships\nprolonged stress at work\nloneliness.\nOther one off life events can ‘trigger’ depression, if the individual is already at risk of developing it.\nPersonal factors can also contribute to the development of depression including:\nFamily history – does depression run in the family and are you at genetic risk?\nPersonality – people who worry a lot, have low self-esteem or are a perfectionist\nSerious medical illness – people with chronic pain or require long term medical management\nDrug and alcohol use – it is unknown which causes which\nMajor depression is considered to be caused by such factors as genetics, severe life stressors, substances and medical conditions which alter your mood.\nIt is often a combination of factors which contribute to the development of depression.\nThere are also several types of depression including:\nMajor Depression\nalso called clinical depression this type of depression interferes with all aspects of a person’s life.\nMelancholia\na severe form of depression where physical symptoms occur and are obvious, such as fatigue.\nPsychotic Depression\nwhere an individual loses touch with reality and experiences psychosis.\nAntenatal and Postnatal Depression\nexperienced by women who are pregnant or in the year after giving birth.\nDepression is treatable and the earlier you seek help and support the better.\nWhat are the Benefits of Exercise?\n“Exercise has mood lifting effects.” Dr Michael Thase.\nNumerous studies have been conducted on exercise and depression, indicating that exercise can be effective in treating and managing mild to moderate depression.\nThey also indicate that exercise could be as effective as psychological therapy or antidepressants.\nStudies have also indicated that exercise may prevent depression.\nSome of the key benefits of exercise include:\nImprove sleeping patterns\nwith the right amount of sleep you are less likely to suffer from depression or depressive symptoms.\nIncrease daily energy levels\nthe more exercise you do, the more energy you have to do even more.\nIncrease self-esteem\nby participating in regular physical activity you feel more in control of your life.\nIncrease in fitness levels\nwith gradual increases in intensity and duration of exercise, you can gain additional fitness benefits from exercise.\nFeeling less isolated and alone\nby exercising in a group, with family or friends, we bond and make stronger relationships\n5 Questions to Ask Yourself\nAm I inactive?\nDepending on how much you currently exercise will affect your ability to participate in different types of activities.\nExercise and depression are inversely related.\nStarting an exercise routine requires a bit of consideration, before beginning.\nIf you have been inactive for a while, it is recommended you talk to your GP about what exercise if appropriate for you.\nIf you have been depressed for a long period of time you may find it difficult to find the motivation to begin exercising.\nWhat are my goals?\nDetermine what you want to achieve before you begin to exercise for depression.\nBased on your goals you can plan a routine to achieve your goals.\nYou might just want to improve your mood to get through the day, or maybe you want to improve your fitness level to reach a specific target.\nDo you want to exercise alone or in a group?\nDepending on your answer will help determine the types of exercise suitable for you.\nIf you like to exercise alone you may want to start a routine at home. Home DVD programs are perfect for that. You can start a personal yoga routine or go for walks alone or with a pet.\nExercise can improve your self-esteem and help you feel more in control of your life.\nThe social benefits of exercise can be achieved by joining group fitness classes or joining a social walking group.\nYou can exercise with friends or family to gain emotional benefits.\nHow much will it cost?\nUsing exercise to help you cope with depression doesn’t need to break the bank.\nThere are many free options to participate in physical activity.\nWalking is a great option for the money conscious, or going to a local park to perform exercises like squats and sit ups.\nIf you choose to participate in group activities there may be a cost involved. However there are usually a range of options to choose from to suit any budget.\nAlthough gym memberships can be costly, just casually attending group fitness classes can be affordable.\nDo you prefer indoors or outdoors?\nFor the nature lover exercising outdoors can be far more preferable, whereas others like to be indoors.\nChoosing the most comfortable and enjoyable environment for exercise to deal with depression, is very important as it will affect your commitment and motivation.\nI suggest to be open minded and alternate between the two, depending on mood and the weather, as variety keeps us interested.\nHow to Start\nBefore starting an exercise program to help you deal with depression, it is a good idea to consult you GP, particularly if you have any other medical conditions or are over 50.\nThe basic rule of an exercise program for someone who has not done a lot of physical activity before or for a while, is to start simple and work your way to higher intensity and duration.\nHere are a few tips to get started:\nPlan an activity you enjoy\nexercise doesn’t have to feel like a chore, choosing an enjoyable activity will motivate you to exercise frequently.\nChoose a time of day\nwhether first thing in the morning or last thing at night, choose a general time of day to put aside to exercise, but be flexible as life tends to give us all sorts of reasons not to stick to the plan.\nGradually increase your activity level\nstarting with just 5 – 10 minutes of light exercise a day, gradually you will build your fitness to increase the level of intensity and duration of exercise.\nGet friends and family involved\nmake new friends with a social walking group, or start your own. Exercise at family visits instead of sitting for long periods of time.\nHave fun\nmake your exercise routine in the way that you can enjoy it. Don’t over do it as that will set you back and keep you from continuing. Rather do a lower intensity so you really can have fun doing it!\nTypes of Exercise\nIf you’re not sure what activity you would like to do, try ones that you are familiar with first. then move on to some new ones for variety.\nBy participating in a variety of activities or sports, you increase your motivation and fitness level.\nDepending on your fitness level there are many activities to be involved in, many have classes or teams for different levels of experience or ability.\nExercise and depression both have different types and varieties.\nSo here are some suggestions of types of exercise:\nGroup fitness classes\ntry a group workout at local gym or leisure center\nAerobics classes – great to improve your cardiovascular fitness\nAqua classes – get in the water, great for summer or hot days\nStep classes – improve your coordination and master the step\nWeights classes – like ‘Pump’, you can improve your strength\nAb workout classes – to tone your stomach\nVolunteer Activities\nlike conservation and bush regeneration, gardening, weeding and watering plants.\nIndividual Sports and Activities\ngo solo and aim to beat your best performance\nTennis\nHorse riding\nSwimming\nRunning\nWalking\nCycling\nDancing\nTeam Sports\njoin a local club and play a sport on the weekend\nFootball\nBasketball\nNetball\nSoccer\nBeach Volleyball\nVolleyball\nBaseball\nSoftball\nExercise and Depression – the 5 minute difference\nAs stated before exercise and depression don’t really like each other.\nThis is a good news and a bad news.\nExercise and Depression – the Bad News\nPeople that are depressed usually don’t work out.\nWhen depressed it’s really hard to find motivation to do stuff. Especially the kind of stuff that may appear hard like exercising.\nExercise and Depression – the Good News\nPeople that work out are usually not depressed.\nExercise and Depression – the Great News\nThe great news is that five minutes of moderate workout per day will boost your “happiness” levels more or less as much as one hour workout.\nThis is truly phenomenal, because it’s so much easier to be motivated to do just a little bit of exercise each day than to be confronted with long vigorous exercise routines each day.\nGuess what, you don’t even have to start with five minutes.\nYou can start with 10 push-ups which will take you probably about 10 to 20 seconds.\nThat’s it.\nDo do 10 push-ups per day, preferably every morning to kick off today. And do that for about a week.\nIf you feel like doing another couple of minutes of exercise go for an easy walk.\nTry to pick places where there’s kids around. Like playgrounds, kindergartens and such. Innocent, joyful “little people” is usually something that brings positive feelings and brings your mood up.\nAfter about a week, try to do 15 push-ups. Maybe add a few sit-ups as well.\nMost importantly just started and try to keep up.\nHowever if you miss a day. Don’t sweat it 😉\nYou can gradually build up so it becomes a daily routine.\nExercise and Depression – Conclusion\nDepression can make us very fatigued and not feel like being physically active at all.\nFinding the motivation to get out of bed can be a struggle, but know that by regular exercise we can reduce our symptoms.\nThe more active we are, the more active we become, by doing more, the more you feel like doing.\nJust breaking through that barrier of inactivity is the hardest part. So start small and work your way up, you don’t need to be an elite athlete to enjoy the benefits of exercise.\nIt is thought by many that depression is often caused by a chemical imbalance in the brain. Through exercise this biochemistry can heal and re-balance itself and return to homeostasis, a neutral place of being.\nExercise also does not need to be vigorous or for a long period of time to be beneficial. Just starting with 5 minutes of low intensity exercise can increase Endorphins and Serotonin levels that will make huge improvement to your mood.\nProlonged exercise routines can lead to the reduction of symptoms of depression long term, reducing the severity of the illness.\nA healthy exercise plan should be a part of your recovery and staying well management strategy.\nFurther assistance and advice may be needed for a full recovery from the illness, and should be sought.\nReach out to your GP or psychologist. Speaking about your issue will also help.\nRegular exercise can bring great relief to symptoms of mild depression, incorporate it into your daily routine as part of a holistic health management strategy.\nStart today, sit down and plan a daily routine that involves at least 5 minutes of exercise. Write down your fitness goals both short term and long term, remember to be as specific as possible.\nFollow the plan for 1 week, then review and progress to week 2 with an updated plan and increase exercise to 10 minutes every day.\nRemember, just start it with only 5 minutes per day and go from there!\nAt the end I have a question for You:\nWhat is your “best” way to deal with the mood swings?\nLike what you’ve read?\nSign in for more stories with natural health solutions, healthy recipes,\nspecial promotions and more.\nYes, sign me up for marketing emails from Cured By Nature. For more information on how we use your information, check out our Privacy Policy. You can change your mind anytime by unsubscribing.\nFacebook\nTwitter\nPinterest\nEmail\nPrint\nPrevious\nNatural Remedies for Anxiety – No Need to be Nervous\nNext\nTop Natural Supplements And Why We Absolutely Have To Use Them\nAbout the Author\nAbout Author\nAlly Hrovatt\nAlly has been helping people since High School. Today she is married, mother of 4 wonderful children and an entrepreneur. She's the leading force behind CuredByNature.org website as and a Premium CBD brand PAPILO. She loves taking pictures and taking family trips. She's passionate about natural ways to heal our body and mind. Ally's dream is to help people \"wake up\".\nOther posts by Ally Hrovatt\nComments\nLeave a reply Cancel reply\nYour email address will not be published. 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Think of us as your nutritional consultants and know that we are here with you on your journey to a healthier life.\nREAD MORE\nYou may also benefit from this posts\n5 Reasons Why CBD May Not Be Working for You?\nCBD for Acne – A New Way to Treat Acne\nHemp CBD Oil vs Hemp Seed Oil – You Have to Know the Difference!\nCBD for Depression – How CBD for Depression Works and What it Can Do for You\nCBD For Rheumatism: How To Ease The Rheumatic Pain with CBD\n5700+ Cannabis Patients Experience from a Clinic in Sydney Australia\nYOUR JOURNEY\nTO A HEALTHIER LIFE STARTS HERE\nWhen you subscribe for free today, you also get:\nFree e-Book\nEverything I Need to Know About CBD\n30 Hemp Re
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We will break it down for you with help from the Three Little Pigs Understanding Diabetes\nDaniel and Lorrin break down the different types of diabetes and explain how you can best manage diabetes. What's That Mean?\nEver confused with medical jargon? Daniel and Lorrin are here to help!\nClose\nOur Blog\nWhat's Going Around?\nShare:\nCroup\nIs this your child's symptom?\nBarky cough and hoarse voice caused by a virus\nCroup is a viral infection of the voicebox (larynx)\nThe croupy cough is tight, low-pitched, and barky (like a barking seal)\nThe voice or cry is hoarse (called laryngitis)\nSome children with severe croup get a harsh, tight sound while breathing in. This is called stridor.\nIf NOT, try one of these:\nCough\nWheezing (Other Than Asthma)\nStridor: A nother Health Problem of Croup\nStridor is a harsh, raspy tight sound best heard with breathing in\nLoud or constant stridor means severe croup. So does stridor at rest (when not crying or coughing).\nAll stridor needs to be treated with warm mist\nMost children with stridor need treatment with a steroid (such as Decadron)\nFor any stridor, see First Aid for treatment\nCauses of a Croupy Cough\nViral Croup. Viruses are the most common cause of croup symptoms. Many respiratory viruses can infect the vocal cord area and cause narrowing. Even influenza (the flu) can do this. A fever is often present with the barky cough.\nAllergic Croup. A croupy cough can occur with exposure to pollens or allergens in a barn. A runny nose, itchy eyes and sneezing are also often present.\nInhaled Powder. Breathing in any fine substance can trigger 10 minutes of severe coughing. Examples are powdered sugar, flour dust or peanut dust. They can float into the lungs. This is not an allergic reaction.\nAirway Foreign Object (Serious). Suspect when there is a sudden onset of coughing and choking. Common examples are peanut and seeds. Peak age is 1 to 4 years.\nFood Allergy (Serious). Croup symptoms can also be caused by a food allergy. This can be life-threatening (anaphylaxis). Examples are nuts or fish.\nWhen to Call for Croup\nWhen to Call for Croup\nCall 911 Now\nSevere trouble breathing (struggling for each breath, constant severe stridor)\nPassed out or stopped breathing\nLips or face are bluish when not coughing\nCroup started suddenly after bee sting, taking a new medicine or allergic food\nDrooling, spitting or having great trouble swallowing. Exception: drooling due to teething.\nYou think your child has a life-threatening emergency\nCall Doctor or Seek Care Now\nStridor (harsh sound with breathing in) is heard now\nTrouble breathing. Exception: present only when coughing.\nLips or face have turned bluish during coughing\nRibs are pulling in with each breath (retractions)\nBreathing is much faster than normal\nCan't bend the neck forward\nSevere chest pain\nAge less than 1 year old with stridor\nHad croup before that needed Decadron\nWeak immune system. Examples are: sickle cell disease, HIV, cancer, organ transplant, taking oral steroids.\nHigh-risk child (such as cystic fibrosis or other chronic lung disease)\nFever over 104° F (40° C)\nAge less than 12 weeks old with fever. Caution: do NOT give your baby any fever medicine before being seen.\nYour child looks or acts very sick\nYou think your child needs to be seen, and the problem is urgent\nCall Doctor Within 24 Hours\nStridor (harsh sound with breathing in) occurred but not present now\nNonstop coughing\nAge less than 1 year old with a croupy cough\nEarache or ear drainage\nFever lasts more than 3 days\nFever returns after being gone more than 24 hours\nYou think your child needs to be seen, but the problem is not urgent\nCall Doctor During Office Hours\nCoughing causes vomiting 3 or more times\nCroup is a frequent problem (3 or more times)\nBarky cough lasts more than 14 days\nYou have other questions or concerns\nSelf Care at Home\nMild croup (barky cough) with no stridor\nCall 911 Now\nSevere trouble breathing (struggling for each breath, constant severe stridor)\nPassed out or stopped breathing\nLips or face are bluish when not coughing\nCroup started suddenly after bee sting, taking a new medicine or allergic food\nDrooling, spitting or having great trouble swallowing. Exception: drooling due to teething.\nYou think your child has a life-threatening emergency\nCall Doctor or Seek Care Now\nStridor (harsh sound with breathing in) is heard now\nTrouble breathing. Exception: present only when coughing.\nLips or face have turned bluish during coughing\nRibs are pulling in with each breath (retractions)\nBreathing is much faster than normal\nCan't bend the neck forward\nSevere chest pain\nAge less than 1 year old with stridor\nHad croup before that needed Decadron\nWeak immune system. Examples are: sickle cell disease, HIV, cancer, organ transplant, taking oral steroids.\nHigh-risk child (such as cystic fibrosis or other chronic lung disease)\nFever over 104° F (40° C)\nAge less than 12 weeks old with fever. Caution: do NOT give your baby any fever medicine before being seen.\nYour child looks or acts very sick\nYou think your child needs to be seen, and the problem is urgent\nCall Doctor Within 24 Hours\nStridor (harsh sound with breathing in) occurred but not present now\nNonstop coughing\nAge less than 1 year old with a croupy cough\nEarache or ear drainage\nFever lasts more than 3 days\nFever returns after being gone more than 24 hours\nYou think your child needs to be seen, but the problem is not urgent\nCall Doctor During Office Hours\nCoughing causes vomiting 3 or more times\nCroup is a frequent problem (3 or more times)\nBarky cough lasts more than 14 days\nYou have other questions or concerns\nSelf Care at Home\nMild croup (barky cough) with no stridor\nCare Advice for Croup\nWhat You Should Know About Croup:\nMost children with croup just have a barky cough.\nSome have tight breathing (called stridor). Stridor is a loud, harsh sound when breathing in. It comes from the area of the voicebox.\nCoughing up mucus is very important. It helps protect the lungs from pneumonia.\nWe want to help a productive cough, not turn it off.\nHere is some care advice that should help.\nFirst Aid For Stridor (Harsh sound with breathing in):\nBreathe warm mist in a closed bathroom with the hot shower running. Do this for 20 minutes.\nYou could also use a wet washcloth held near the face.\nCaution: Do not use very hot water or steam which could cause burns.\nIf warm mist fails, breathe cool air by standing near an open refrigerator. You can also go outside with your child if the weather is cold. Do this for a few minutes.\nCalm Your Child if He or She has Stridor:\nCrying or fear can make stridor worse.\nTry to keep your child calm and happy.\nHold and comfort your child.\nUse a soothing, soft voice.\nHumidifier:\nIf the air in your home is dry, use a humidifier.\nReason: Dry air makes croup worse.\nHomemade Cough Medicine:\nGoal: Decrease the irritation or tickle in the throat that causes a dry cough.\nAge 3 months to 1 year: Give warm clear fluids to treat the cough. Examples are apple juice and lemonade. Amount: Use a dose of 1-3 teaspoons (5-15 mL). Give 4 times per day when coughing. Caution: Do not use honey until 1 year old.\nAge 1 year and older: Use Honey ½ to 1 teaspoon (2-5 mL) as needed. It works as a homemade cough medicine. It can thin the secretions and loosen the cough. If you don't have any honey, you can use corn syrup.\nAge 6 years and older: Use Cough Drops to decrease the tickle in the throat. If you don't have any, you can use hard candy. Avoid cough drops before 6 years. Reason: risk of choking.\nNon-Prescription Cough Medicine (DM):\nNon-prescription cough medicines are not advised. Reason: No proven benefit for children and not approved under 6 years old. (FDA)\nHoney has been shown to work better for coughs. Caution: Do not use honey until 1 year old.\nIf age 6 years or older, you might decide to use a cough medicine. Choose one with dextromethorphan (DM) such as Robitussin Cough syrup. DM is present in most non-prescription cough syrups.\nWhen to Use: Give only for severe coughs that interfere with sleep or school.\nDM Dose: Give every 6 to 8 hours as needed.\nCoughing Fits or Spells - Warm Mist and Fluids:\nBreathe warm mist, such as with shower running in a closed bathroom.\nGive warm clear fluids to drink. Examples are apple juice and lemonade.\nAge under 3 months. Don't use warm fluids.\nAge 3 - 12 months of age. Give 1 ounce (30 mL) each time. Limit to 4 times per day.\nAge over 1 year of age. Give as much warm fluids as needed.\nReason: Both relax the airway and loosen up any phlegm.\nFluids - Offer More:\nTry to get your child to drink lots of fluids.\nGoal: Keep your child well hydrated.\nIt also loosens up any phlegm in the lungs. Then it's easier to cough up.\nFever Medicine:\nFor fevers above 102° F (39° C), give an acetaminophen product (such as Tylenol).\nAnother choice is an ibuprofen product (such as Advil).\nNote: Fevers less than 102° F (39° C) are important for fighting infections.\nFor all fevers: Keep your child well hydrated. Give lots of cold fluids.\nSleep Close By to Your Child:\nSleep in the same room with your child for a few nights.\nReason: Stridor can start all of a sudden at night.\nAvoid Tobacco Smoke:\nTobacco smoke makes croup much worse.\nReturn to School:\nYour child can go back to school after the fever is gone.\nYour child should also feel well enough to join in normal activities.\nFor practical purposes, the spread of croup and colds cannot be prevented.\nWhat to Expect:\nMost often, croup lasts 5 to 6 days and becomes worse at night.\nThe croupy cough can last up to 2 weeks.\nCall Your Doctor If:\nTrouble breathing occurs\nStridor (harsh raspy sound) occurs\nCroupy cough lasts more than 14 days\nYou think your child needs to be seen\nYour child becomes worse\nAnd remember, contact your doctor if your child develops any of the 'Call Your Doctor' symptoms.\nDisclaimer: this health information is for educational purposes only. You, the reader, assume full responsibility for how you choose to use it.\nCopyright 2000-2019 Schmitt Pediatric Guidelines LLC.\nFirst Aid - Croup with Stridor\nStridor is a harsh, tight sound with breathing in. Stridor means the croup is severe.\nBreathe warm mist in a closed bathroom
ith the hot shower running. Do this for 20 minutes.\nOther Option: Use a wet washcloth held near the face. Can also use a humidifier containing warm water.\nCaution: Do not use very hot water or steam which could cause burns. Hot steam can also cause high body temperatures.\nIf warm mist fails, breathe cool air by standing near an open refrigerator. You can also go outside with your child if the weather is cold. Do this for a few minutes.\nSearch for:\nX\nX\nPage My Doctor | 2019-04-23T04:20:08Z | "https://www.greenwoodpediatrics.com/Croup" | www.greenwoodpediatrics.com | 1 | 5 | 1 |
UV Light for Eczema Phototherapy Lamps | LightSources Inc\nTrust LightSources to Make\nYour Specialty Lighting Vision a Reality!\nISO 9001:2015 Certified\nSearch this site\n1 800-826-9465 (North America)\n+36 27 541-800 (Europe)\n+86 21 52662921 (China)\nView Our Blog\nEnglish\n简体中文 (Chinese (Simplified))\nEspañol (Spanish)\nHome\nBlog\nSolutions\nAdvanced Ultra Violet Light (AUVL) Solutions\nUV Germicidal Lamps\nUV Curing\nSpecialty Fluorescent\nSign Lamps\nLampholders and Wiring Devices\nTanning Lamps\nBacklighting\nProprietary Bases and Sockets\nRed Light\nUV Air Treatment\nBallast Water Treatment Systems\nLight Therapy Lamp\nApplications\nGermicidal UVC Lamps\nUV Curing Applications\nBacklighting\nSign Lamps\nSpecialty Fluorescent\nAdvantages\nLarger OEMs\nSmaller OEMs\nAbout\nInnovation\nLogistics\nGlass\nSustainability\nContact\nWorldwide Locations\nLighting Technology\nGermicidal UVC\nUV Curing\nSpecialty Fluorescent\nSign Lamps\nTanning Lamps\nLight Bulb Manufacturers\nCUSTOM LIGHT BULBS\nLight Bulb Suppliers\nUV Lamp Suppliers\nUV Lamp Manufacturers\nUV Germicidal Lamp Suppliers\nUV Curing Lamp Manufacturers\nUV Curing Lamp Suppliers\nUV Light Suppliers\nUV Equipment Suppliers\nUVC Lamp Suppliers\nUV Germicidal Lamp Manufacturers\nUV Light Bulb Manufacturers\nUV Lighting Company\nUV Light Manufacturers\nCFL Bulb Manufacturers\nFluorescent Lamp Manufacturers\nFluorescent Light Bulb Manufacturers\nFluorescent Light Manufacturers\nTube Light Manufacturers\nLearn How UV Light for Eczema Gives Patients Relief\nLight Sources > UV Light Therapy > Learn How UV Light for Eczema Gives Patients Relief\nEczema is an irritating skin condition which causes painful, itchy patches of dry skin in varying degrees of severity and UV light for eczema is proven to provide relief. Eczema can cause emotional stress to those suffering with this skin condition who only want relief. There are different types of eczema, which include:\ncontact dermatitis\natopic dermatitis\nseborrheic dermatitis\nnummular eczema\nstasis dermatitis\ndyshidrotic eczema\nSymptoms can be different among people suffering with eczema, although most people experience the most common symptoms reported as extreme itching, inflamed red skin, rough scaly patches of skin, dry, sensitive skin and areas of swelling. Itchiness is associated with all types of eczema and can make symptoms worse if people scratch too much. Eczema may develop in babies and children who may outgrow the condition, or eczema may develop in adulthood.\nEczema currently has no known cure, although there are effective treatments in the form of topical ointments, creams and ultraviolet (UV) light therapy.\nHow UV Light for Eczema Works\nTopical treatments may work for some people, although UV light for eczema has been proven to give relief to many patients. UV light therapy, also called phototherapy, should be in a controlled setting under a physician’s care with the proper type of UV lamp. The right type of lamp must be used with the proper wavelength administered as exposure to the wrong type of UV radiation could worsen symptoms.\nSome people notice an improvement in their symptoms during the sunny, summer months, these patients are more likely to see improvement with UV light therapy. People living in the northern hemisphere may notice that a UV lamp improves their symptoms during the winter months when sunlight is scarce. Consistency is key with UV light for eczema treatment as improvement usually takes one to two months of regular exposure.\nLight is divided into colors and measured in wavelengths, with the unit of measure in nanometers (nm). Ultraviolet light is in the electromagnetic spectrum of radiated energy which is invisible to the human eye. Ultraviolet light is divided into three areas of UVA, UVB and UVC radiation. UVA and UVB radiation is often prescribed to treat eczema.\nUVA light is in the wavelength between 315 to 400 nm, UVB radiation is between 280 and 315 nm with narrow band UVB light measuring 310 nm. UVB radiation is the most common type of light therapy for eczema and emits wavelengths which are similar to the sun’s rays and are proven to give relief to many patients. Some patients prescribed UVA treatments are also prescribed a medication called psoralen which makes their skin more receptive to the UVA treatments.\nAll types of UV light for eczema treatments are proven to help patients by suppressing the overactive immune system which reduces inflammation, itching and pain. UV phototherapy can improve vitamin D production and increase the skin’s own bacteria fighting systems. Phototherapy is proven to help about 70% of those suffering with this irritating skin condition to find relief from symptoms, or at least calm them down and in some cases put them in a state of remittance.\nLightSources Offers Proven UV Lamps for Eczema Treatment\nLightSources and European partner, LightTech, offer UV lamps proven highly effective in many phototherapy applications. The LightSources Group is recognized worldwide for designing, engineering and manufacturing high tech, cutting edge UV lamp technology. Our engineers possess in-depth knowledge of UV radiation and lamp technology, offering UV lamps which outperform and outlast comparable lamps with long lasting effectiveness.\nOur UV phototherapy lamps are used worldwide to treat a host of medical conditions. Phototherapy lamps are proven effective in treating many skin conditions including eczema, psoriasis, acne, vitiligo and mood disorders such as depression and seasonal affective disorder (SAD), a type of depression caused from a lack of sunlight. The LightSources Group manufactures UV phototherapy lamps with full OEM support for all of these conditions.\nLightSources is the leading global supplier of UVC germicidal lamps used in all sterilization applications such as in air purification systems and water sterilization processes. UVC radiation is proven to instantly eliminate harmful bacteria and viruses within seconds of exposure and is completely safe to humans. LightSources offers the widest selection of UVC germicidal lamps for any application with custom designed solutions and prototypes available.\nThe LightSources Group is recognized worldwide as an authority on UV lamp manufacturing, offering patented lamp products developed with proven UV technology. We combine our vast resources with the leading high-tech lamp designers available today to provide first to market, proprietary solutions which outperform comparable products. 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How to remove warts with salicylic acid – Health News\nSkip to content\nHow to remove warts with salicylic acid\nBy wpadmin | March 22, 2019\n0 Comment\nWarts are small, raised bumps on the skin. They may have small dots on their surface, which are blood vessels. Salicylic acid is a common way to remove them.\nThere are many different types of the virus that causes warts. Warts happen when the virus causes skin cells to multiply faster than usual, creating a raised area of skin.\nMost warts are harmless and often disappear without treatment after a few weeks, months, or years.\nIf people want to remove bothersome warts, such as those on the hands or feet, salicylic acid is often an effective treatment option.\nPeople should not use salicylic acid products on sensitive areas, such as the face and genitals.\nDoes salicylic acid work?\nSalicylic acid is an effective and safe treatment for warts.\nStudies have shown that salicylic acid is significantly more effective than a placebo in treating warts.\nSalicylic acid peels the skin away in layers, which removes the wart over time. The acid also irritates the wart area, which encourages the immune system to respond to the virus.\nSalicylic acid is an affordable, accessible, and safe treatment option for getting rid of warts and has very few side effects.\nHow to use\nResearch suggests that people use an over-the-counter (OTC) wart treatment containing 17 percent salicylic acid. Salicylic acid treatments for warts also come as bandages.\nTo use a salicylic acid treatment:\nbathe or soak the wart in warm water for 5–10 minutes to soften the skin\nfile the wart with a rough surface, such as a pumice stone or emery board\napply the salicylic cream to the entire surface of the wart\nwash the hands\nRepeat these steps once or twice a day, for 12 weeks, or according to the instructions on the OTC treatment packaging.\nThe skin may turn slightly red or dark, which is a normal reaction. People should stop using the product if it causes pain, bleeding, or blisters. If this happens, see a doctor for advice and alternative treatment options.\nIf people use a pumice stone or emery board to file the wart, do not let anyone else use the same item as sharing equipment may help spread the virus. People should also take care not to re-use the same item on their wart, as they may reinfect themselves.\nPeople should not use salicylic acid or other home treatments if they have diabetes or any circulation or immunity conditions. If people with diabetes try to remove a wart on their feet, it could damage their nerves.\nWhat if it does not work?\nSalicylic acid may not work for everyone. Different factors can affect the success of wart treatment, such as the thickness of the wart, its location on the body, and individual immune systems.\nIf a person has used salicylic acid consistently for 12 weeks or longer and seen no improvement, they should see their doctor to discuss other treatment options.\nWe list other treatment options below that can help remove warts if salicylic acid is not sufficient.\nOther treatments for warts\nRepeat cryotherapy treatment may help remove a wart.\nSeveral other types of treatment can help get rid of warts. These include:\nCryotherapy\nCryotherapy uses liquid nitrogen to freeze off the wart. A doctor may spray or swab a small amount of liquid nitrogen onto the wart. People may need repeat treatments before the wart disappears.\nStudies have found cryotherapy to be effective in removing warts in 50–70 percent of cases where the person had 3 or 4 treatments.\nElectrosurgery\nElectrosurgery uses an electrical current to burn the wart off. A doctor may use electrosurgery to remove common warts on the hands, feet, and face.\nCantharidin\nA doctor may apply a substance called cantharidin to the wart. This causes a blister to form underneath the wart, lifting the wart away from the skin. The wart will fall off as the blister pushes it away.\nCurettage\nA doctor can use a special instrument or knife to scrape or cut away the wart. Curettage may leave scarring and is not a good technique to remove warts on the soles of the feet.\nDuct tape\nDuct tape may help to remove warts, as preventing air and sunlight can sometimes kill a wart.\nCover the wart with duct tape after applying salicylic acid and letting it dry. The American Academy of Dermatology recommend reapplying duct tape every 5–6 days.\nPrescription medication\nA doctor may prescribe an immunotherapy drug, such as imiquimod or diphencyprone (DCP), to remove warts. These drugs stimulate the immune system to respond and treat the wart. People can apply these medicated creams directly to their wart.\nInjections\nA doctor may inject substances such as bleomycin and 5‐fluorouracil into the wart. These drugs can trigger the immune system to fight the wart.\nPeople should discuss the side effects of these medications with their doctor. These treatments can also be painful, so a doctor may use a local anesthetic before the injection.\nLaser surgery\nA doctor may use laser surgery if other treatments have not worked. Laser surgery destroys the wart with an intense beam of light. This can sometimes cause scarring.\nWhen to see a doctor\nA person with bleeding or painful warts should speak to a doctor.\nPeople should see their doctor if the wart:\nbleeds\nfeels painful\nis severely itchy\nPeople should also see their doctor if they:\nhave a wart on their face or genitals\nthink a wart might be another type of skin growth\nhave diabetes, a weakened immune system, or circulation problems\nSome warts can look similar to cancerous growths. If people have a wart that changes color or shape quickly, they should see their doctor.\nA doctor will examine the wart and, if necessary, take a skin sample of it for testing.\nIf people are unable to get rid of their wart after using salicylic acid consistently for at least 12 weeks, or if they experience adverse side effects, they can see their doctor to discuss other treatment options.\nSummary\nWarts are common and usually harmless. Salicylic acid can often get rid of those on the hands or feet.\nPeople should see their doctor for treatment if they have warts on the face, genitals, or have an underlying medical condition, such as HIV or diabetes.\nBefore applying salicylic acid, soak the wart in warm water and file the wart down with a clean emery board. This may help make the salicylic acid treatment more effective.\nIf people find salicylic acid does not remove the wart over time, then they can discuss other treatment options, such as using other medication, freezing, or laser therapy, with their doctor.\nSalicylic acid products are available for purchase at drug stores, pharmacies, and online.\nSexual Health / STDs News From Medical News Today\nCategory: News Tags: acid, Remove, salicylic, warts\nPost navigation\n← How To Get Rid Of Tennis Elbow Robert Mueller Submitted His Report on Donald Trump and Russia's Involvement in the Presidential Election, and Twitter Can't Take It →\nSearch for:\nRecent Posts\nThis Genetic Mutation Makes People Feel Full — All the Time\nSuicide survivor’s giant hospital bill\nGirls’ Online Sex Experience May Spur Risk Offline\nAlexandria Ocasio-Cortez ‘quits’ Facebook because it ‘poses public health risk’\nWhy Hospitals Should Fear Blue Cross Primary Care Centers\nThe Art of Mastering Roofing\nDoctors use HIV in gene therapy to fix ‘bubble boy’ disease\nTags\n2018 About After Benefits Best Blood Body Cancer Care Could Diet Disease drug Foods From Health Healthcare Healthy Help Home Know life Loss Medical More Natural Need news Over Pain PATIENTS People Posted risk Says Should Study This Tips Today Treatment Ways Weight Work ‘heart\nCopyright 2018@\nIconic One Theme | Powered by Wordpress | 2019-04-20T12:54:54Z | "http://txctk.us/how-to-remove-warts-with-salicylic-acid/" | txctk.us | 0 | 4 | 0 |
Does Selenium Prevent Esophageal Cancer? | Everyday Health\nSearch\nLog in My Profile\nYour Profile\nFollowing Topics\nSaved Items\nNewsletters\nTools\nMy Daily Crohn's\nMy Daily RA\nMy Daily Diabetes\nSettings\nLogout\nSubscribe Menu\nMain Menu\nConditions\nAtrial Fibrillation\nCold and Flu\nDepression\nHeart Failure\nHigh Cholesterol\nMultiple Sclerosis\nPsoriasis\nPsoriatic Arthritis\nRheumatoid Arthritis\nType 2 Diabetes\nUlcerative Colitis\nView All\nDrugs A-Z\nSymptom Checker\nHealthy Living\nFitness\nFood & Nutrition\nSex & Relationships\nSleep\nHealthy Skin\nView All\nHealth Tools\nCalorie Counter\nDrugs A-Z\nMeal Planner\nMy Daily Crohn's\nMy Daily RA\nMy Daily Diabetes\nRecipes\nSymptom Checker\nSubscribe to Newsletters\nclear\nExplore Everyday Health\nHealth A-Z\nDrugs\nHealthy Living\nFood\nError\nPlease try again later.\nSave\ntop\nEveryday Health Cancer Esophageal Cancer\nDoes Selenium Prevent Esophageal Cancer?\nSelenium is an essential mineral, but it also is a component of antioxidants, essential cancer-fighting tools. Selenium supplements are being studied to see if they can help prevent cancer.\nBy Madeline R. Vann, MPH\nMedically Reviewed by Pat F. Bass III, MD, MPH\nLast Updated: 2/15/2011\nDon't Miss This\nRiding Cancer's Emotional Roller Coaster\n'I Have Cancer, and I'm Mad as Hell!'\n%title\nSign Up for Our Cancer Care and Prevention Newsletter\nThanks for signing up! You might also like these other newsletters:\nSign up for more FREE Everyday Health newsletters.\nOops! Please enter a valid email address\nSign up\nOops! Please enter a valid email address\nOops! Please select a newsletter\nWe respect your privacy.\nSelenium is a mineral, like calcium and iron, and the body needs these minerals to stay healthy; selenium is necessary, for example, for proper thyroid function and a healthy immune system.\nHow to Be Supplement Savvy\nBut selenium also has antioxidant properties. In this role, it may help reduce the damage to cells that can lead to cancer. Selenium, which is taken from the soil, occurs naturally in many foods, including nuts, vegetables, bread, and certain meats.\nIt also comes in supplement form, and researchers have been examining the role selenium supplements may play in preventing certain types of cancers, including esophageal cancer. So far, it’s not promising news: The U.S. National Cancer Institute includes selenium on a list of supplements which have not been shown to be effective in cancer prevention. Research into the use of supplements in cancer prevention is ongoing.\nDigesting Selenium Research Results\nSelenium is thought to help protect cells from the damage that can lead to the development of cancer, boost the body’s immune response, and prevent the growth of abnormal cells. Studies have shown a reduced risk for a number of certain cancers — prostate, colorectal, and lung — among people with higher levels of selenium in their blood.\nA recent lab study showed that combining selenium and zinc may inhibit the growth and multiplication of esophageal cancer cells.\nResearchers in China studied health data from people who had esophageal cancer and compared the information with people who were cancer-free. They found a correlation between those who ate foods higher in selenium and lower rates of esophageal cancer. The researchers concluded that selenium supplementation could help protect against esophageal cancer, particularly for people who do not have enough selenium in their diet.\nA recent analysis out of the Netherlands found similar results. It reviewed extensive data on 120,852 middle-aged adults and found that those with higher selenium levels — as demonstrated by tests of their toenail clippings — were less likely to develop esophageal cancer. Study results showed that women, people who had never smoked, and those who generally had low intakes of antioxidants were most likely to benefit from selenium supplementation.\nScientists have observed that cancer rates are lower where there are higher levels of selenium in the soil, suggesting a tenuous link between the presence of selenium in the food supply and cancer risk.\nCommon Questions About Diet and Cancer\nHow Much Selenium to Take\nFood sources can provide the daily recommended amount of selenium, which is 70 micrograms (mcg) per day. Cancer prevention has been linked to supplemental levels as high as 200 mcg.\nYou may be at risk for low levels of selenium if you smoke, use birth control pills, drink alcohol, or have health problems such as Crohn’s disease that make it hard to absorb the nutrition you need from your food.\nThere are some risks to taking too much selenium — over 400 mcg for adults — per day, including:\nHair loss\nFatigue\nIrritability\nMild nerve damage\nWhite blotchy nails\nMild garlicky odor to the breath\nAt least one study has suggested that taking more than the recommended daily levels of selenium could increase other health condition risks, such as diabetes.\nBeing healthy means eating a healthy and varied diet, and selenium, regardless of whether it prevents esophageal cancer, is a necessary component of a healthy diet. So if you are eating well, know that you probably are getting enough of this essential mineral in your diet.\nThe Latest in Esophageal Cancer\nEsophageal Cancer\nAlcohol, Obesity Could Raise Esophageal Cancer Risk\nA third of cases would vanish if people stayed trim and didn't drink.\nEsophageal Cancer\nEsophageal Cancer Complications\nWeight loss, anemia, and other problems can occur as a result of esophageal cancer and its treatments.\nEsophageal Cancer\nHPV May Also Raise Risk of Throat Cancer\nReview found higher rates of esophageal cancer in people infected with virus.\nEsophageal Cancer\nChristopher Hitchens Dies of Esophageal Cancer at 62\n'So far, I have decided to take whatever my disease can throw at me, and to stay combative even while taking the measure of my inevitable decline,' th...\nEsophageal Cancer\nTreating Esophageal Cancer With Keyhole Surgery\nKeyhole surgery, a minimally invasive approach to treating esophageal cancer, offers patients obvious advantages. 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Read our tips.\nEsophageal Cancer\nPreparing for an Esophageal Cancer Emergency\nKnow when to call a doctor, and be prepared with paperwork.\nEsophageal Cancer\nEsophageal Cancer Research for Prevention\nCan science find a way to prevent esophageal cancer?\nEsophageal Cancer\nCoping With Esophageal Cancer\nLearn ways to help you cope with your esophageal cancer prognosis and prepare for the challenges ahead.\nEsophageal Cancer\nDiet and Nutrition for Esophageal Cancer Patients\nGetting proper nutrition while easing the difficulty of swallowing is a must to keep up your strength while being treated for esophageal cancer.\nEsophageal Cancer\nEsophageal Cancer in the Family\nDoes genetic inheritance increase your risk?\nEsophageal Cancer\nPlanning for the Future When You Have Esophageal Cancer\nAfter an esophageal cancer diagnosis, prepare yourself and your family with advance directives and other cancer treatment plans.\nWellness inspired. Wellness enabled.\nAbout Us\nNewsletters\nHealth News\nOur Sponsors\nFeedback\nContact Us\nEditorial Policy\nCareers\nTerms of Use\nPrivacy Policy\nAccessibility Statement\nAbout Us\nNewsletters\nHealth News\nOur Sponsors\nEditorial Policy\nFeedback\nCareers\nTerms of Use\nPrivacy Policy\nAccessibility Statement\nContact Us\nMore From Ziff Davis: Computer Shopper ExtremeTech Geek AskMen IGN Offers.com Speedtest.net TechBargains Toolbox What to Expect MedPage Today PCMag\n© 1996-2019 Ziff Davis, LLC. Everyday Health is among the federally registered trademarks of Ziff Davis, LLC and may not be used by third parties without explicit permission.\nThis site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify here. | 2019-04-26T09:00:18Z | "https://www.everydayhealth.com/esophageal-cancer/does-selenium-prevent-esophageal-cancer.aspx" | www.everydayhealth.com | 1 | 5 | 1 |
Effects of 12 weeks of treatment with fermented milk on blood\nToggle navigation\nResearch Tools\nResearch Dashboard\nSearch Abstracts\nSearch Articles\nSearch All Content (Google)\nTopic Research Discovery\nDiseases\nTherapeutic Substances\nTherapeutic Actions\nPharmacological Actions\nProblem Substances\nProblematic Actions\nAdverse Pharmacological Actions\nTrending Topics\nSmart Search - Evidence Generator\nSmart Search: Diseases\nSmart Search: Therapeutic Substances\nSmart Search: Pharmacological Actions\nArticles\nMost Recent\nMost Popular\nFind Articles\nMy Membership\nMemberships\nCompare Membership Plans\nJoin our Free Newsletter\nLog in or Join us\nSayer Ji, Founder of GreenMedInfo.com\nSayer Ji\nFounder of GreenMedInfo.com\nSubscribe to our informative Newsletter & get two FREE E-Books\nOur newsletter serves 500,000 with essential news, research & healthy tips, daily.\nDepression: 21st Century Solutions + The Dark Side of Wheat\nIngestion of milk fermented with L. helveticus compared with placebo for 12 weeks lowered heart rates and fasting plasma glucose levels in T2D patients.\t- GreenMedInfo Summary\nAbstract Title:\nEffects of 12 weeks of treatment with fermented milk on blood pressure, glucose metabolism and markers of cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled study.\nAbstract Source:\nEur J Endocrinol. 2015 Jan ;172(1):11-20. Epub 2014 Oct 9. PMID: 25300285\nAbstract Author(s):\nK D Hove, C Brøns, K Færch, S S Lund, P Rossing, A Vaag\nArticle Affiliation:\nK D Hove\nAbstract:\nOBJECTIVE: Studies have indicated a blood pressure (BP)-lowering effect of milk-derived peptides in non-diabetic individuals, but the cardiometabolic effects of such peptides in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are not known. We investigated the effect of milk fermented with Lactobacillus helveticus on BP, glycaemic control and cardiovascular risk factors in T2D.\nDESIGN: A randomised, double-blinded, prospective, placebo-controlled study.\nMETHODS: In one arm of a factorial study design, 41 patients with T2D were randomised to receive 300 ml milk fermented with L. helveticus (Cardi04 yogurt) (n=23) or 300 ml artificially acidified milk (placebo yogurt) (n=18) for 12 weeks. BPs were measured over 24-h, and blood samples were collected in the fasting state and during a meal test before and after the intervention.\nRESULTS: Cardi04 yogurt did not reduce 24-h, daytime or nighttime systolic or diastolic BPs compared with placebo (P>0.05). Daytime and 24-h heart rate (HR) were significantly reduced in the group treated by Cardi04 yogurt compared with the placebo group (P<0.05 for both). There were no differences in HbA1c, plasma lipids, C-reactive protein, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, tumour necrosis factor alpha, tissue-type plasminogen activator: Ag, and von Willebrand factor: Ag between the groups. The change in fasting blood glucose concentration differed significantly between the two groups with a larger increase in the placebo group (P<0.05).\nCONCLUSIONS: Ingestion of milk fermented with L. helveticus compared with placebo for 12 weeks did not significantly reduce BP in patients with T2D. Our finding of lower HRs and fasting plasma glucose levels in T2D patients during ingestion of fermented milk needs further validation.\nArticle Published Date : Dec 31, 2014\nStudy Type : Human Study\nAdditional Links\nSubstances : Milk: Fermented : CK(507) : AC(75)\nDiseases : Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 : CK(3572) : AC(624), Hyperglycemia : CK(539) : AC(130)\nPharmacological Actions : Hypoglycemic Agents : CK(1446) : AC(342)\nAdditional Keywords : Significant Treatment Outcome : CK(3038) : AC(366)\nPrint Options\nSome features are currently member only features. If you are already a member, please login. Otherwise, click here to become a member.\nPrinter-friendly version\nSend to friend\nPDF version\nKey Research Topics\nDisease\nDiabetes Mellitus: Type 2\nHyperglycemia\nPharmacological Actions\nHypoglycemic Agents\nSubstance\nMilk: Fermented\nSayer Ji, Founder of GreenMedInfo.com\nSayer Ji\nFounder of GreenMedInfo.com\nSubscribe to our informative Newsletter & get two FREE E-Books\nOur newsletter serves 500,000 with essential news, research & healthy tips, daily.\nDepression: 21st Century Solutions + The Dark Side of Wheat\nLinks\nAbout Us\nContact Us\nPrivacy Policy\nTerms of Services\nReturn Policy\nCorrections\nFAQ\nWrite For Us\nAdvertise\nResearch\nSubstances\nAilments\nProblem Substances\nTherapeutic Actions\nProblematic Actions\nPharmacological Actions\nAdverse Pharmacological Actions\nKeywords\nArticles\nMost Popular\nMost Recent\nStore\neBooks\neCourses\nDownloadable Documents\nDonate\nJoin Us\nBecome a Member\nJoin our Free Newsletter\nLog In\nFollow Us\nFacebook\nTwitter\nInstagram\nRSS Feed\nThis website is for information purposes only. By providing the information contained herein we are not diagnosing, treating, curing, mitigating, or preventing any type of disease or medical condition. Before beginning any type of natural, integrative or conventional treatment regimen, it is advisable to seek the advice of a licensed healthcare professional.\n© Copyright 2008-2019 GreenMedInfo.com, Journal Articles copyright of original owners, MeSH copyright NLM. | 2019-04-22T06:10:26Z | "http://www.greenmedinfo.com/article/ingestion-milk-fermented-l-helveticus-compared-placebo-12-weeks-lowered-heart-" | www.greenmedinfo.com | 1 | 3 | 0 |
Coughing (for Parents) - KidsHealth\n[Skip to Content]\nOpen Search\nfor Parents\nParents site\nSitio para padres\nGeneral Health\nGrowth & Development\nInfections\nDiseases & Conditions\nPregnancy & Baby\nNutrition & Fitness\nEmotions & Behavior\nSchool & Family Life\nFirst Aid & Safety\nDoctors & Hospitals\nVideos\nRecipes\nClose for Parents nav\nfor Kids\nKids site\nSitio para ninos\nHow the Body Works\nPuberty & Growing Up\nStaying Healthy\nStaying Safe\nRecipes & Cooking\nHealth Problems\nIllnesses & Injuries\nRelax & Unwind\nPeople, Places & Things That Help\nFeelings\nExpert Answers Q&A\nMovies & More\nClose for Kids nav\nfor Teens\nTeens site\nSitio para adolescentes\nBody\nMind\nSexual Health\nFood & Fitness\nDiseases & Conditions\nInfections\nDrugs & Alcohol\nSchool & Jobs\nSports\nExpert Answers (Q&A)\nStaying Safe\nVideos\nClose for Teens nav\nFor Educators\nOpen Search\nSearch KidsHealth library\nOpen Search Language Selector\nSearch Language Selector English Español\nShare to Facebook\nShare to Twitter\nShare to Pinterest\nShare via Email\nKidsHealth /\nfor Parents\n/ Coughing\nCoughing\nReviewed by: Patricia Solo-Josephson, MD\nWhat Are the Different Types of Coughs?\nSometimes, though, a cough needs a doctor's care. Understanding the different types of cough can help you know when to handle them at home and when to call your doctor.\nThe most common types of coughs are:\n\"Barky\" Cough\nWhooping Cough\nCough With Wheezing\nNighttime Cough\nDaytime Cough\nCough With a Fever\nCough With Vomiting\nPersistent Cough\n\"Barky\" Cough\nBarky coughs are usually caused by swelling in the upper airway. Most of the time, a barky cough comes from croup, a swelling of the larynx (voice box) and trachea (windpipe). Younger children have smaller airways that, if swollen, can make it hard to breathe. Kids younger than 3 are most at risk for croup because their airways are so narrow.\nA cough from croup can start suddenly, often in the middle of the night. Most kids with croup will also have stridor, which is a noisy, harsh breathing that happens when the child inhales (breathes in).\nWhooping Cough\nWhooping cough (pertussis) is an infection of the airways caused by the\nbacteria\nBordetella pertussis. Kids with pertussis will have spells of back-to-back coughs without breathing in between. At the end of the coughing, they'll take a deep breath in that makes a \"whooping\" sound. Other symptoms are a runny nose, sneezing, mild cough, and a low-grade fever.\nWhooping cough can happen at any age, but is most severe in infants under 1 year old who did not get the pertussis vaccine, which is part of the DTaP vaccine (diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis). It's is very contagious, so all kids should get the pertussis shot at 2 months, 4 months, 6 months, 15 months, and 4–6 years of age.\nCough With Wheezing\nIf your child makes a wheezing (whistling) sound when breathing out (exhaling), this could mean that the lower airways in the lungs are swollen. This can happen with asthma or with the viral infection bronchiolitis. Wheezing also can happen if the lower airway is blocked by a foreign object. A child who starts to cough after inhaling something such as food or a small toy should see a doctor.\nNighttime Cough\nLots of coughs get worse at night. When your child has a cold, the mucus from the nose and sinuses can drain down the throat and trigger a cough during sleep. This is only a problem if the cough won't let your child sleep.\nAsthma also can trigger nighttime coughs because the airways tend to be more sensitive and irritable at night.\nDaytime Cough\nCold air or activity can make coughs worse during the daytime. Try to make sure that nothing in your house — like air freshener, pets, or smoke (especially tobacco smoke) — is making your child cough.\nCough With a Fever\nA child who has a cough, mild fever, and runny nose probably has a common cold. But coughs with a fever of 102°F (39°C) or higher can sometimes be due to pneumonia, especially if a child is weak and breathing fast. In this case, call your doctor immediately.\nCough With Vomiting\nKids often cough so much that it triggers their gag reflex, making them throw up. Also, a child who has a cough with a cold or an asthma flare-up might vomit if lots of mucus drains into the stomach and causes nausea. Usually, this is not cause for alarm unless the vomiting doesn't stop.\nPersistent Cough\nCoughs caused by colds due to viruses can last weeks, especially if a child has one cold right after another. Asthma, allergies, or a chronic infection in the sinuses or airways also might cause lasting coughs. If your child still has a cough after 3 weeks, call your doctor.\nHow Are Types of Coughs Diagnosed?\nIf you're concerned about your child's cough, call your doctor. Depending on the type of cough, other symptoms, and how long it's lasting, the doctor might want to see your child.\nMany health care providers now offer telemedicine visits, which can save parents a trip to the office (especially for a nighttime cough). \"Video chatting\" lets doctors see and hear a child cough, and often this is enough to make a diagnosis or rule out a serious problem. Hearing the cough will help the doctor decide whether (and how) to treat it.\nHow Are Coughs Treated?\nMost coughs are caused by viruses and have to just run their course. Sometimes, this can take up to 2 weeks. Doctors usually don't prescribe antibiotics because these only work against bacteria.\nUnless a cough won't let your child sleep, cough medicines are not needed. They might help a child stop coughing, but they don't treat the cause of the cough. If you do use an over-the-counter (OTC) cough medicine, call the doctor to be sure of the correct dose and to make sure it's safe for your child.\nDo not use OTC combination medicines (like \"Tylenol Cold\") — they have more than one medicine in them, and kids can have more side effects than adults and are more likely to get an overdose of the medicine.\nCough medicines are not recommended for any children under 6 years old.\nHow Can I Help My Child Feel Better?\nTo help your coughing child feel better:\nFor a \"barky\" or \"croupy\" cough, turn on the hot water in the shower in your bathroom and close the door so the room will steam up. Then, sit in the bathroom with your child for about 20 minutes. The steam should help your child breathe more easily. Try reading a book together to pass the time.\nA cool-mist humidifier in your child's bedroom might help with sleep.\nSometimes, brief exposure to cool air outdoors can relieve the cough. Make sure to dress your child appropriately for the outdoor weather and try this for 10–15 minutes.\nCool beverages like juice can be soothing and it is important to keep your child hydrated. But do not give soda or orange juice, as these can hurt a throat that is sore from coughing.\nYou should not give your child (especially a baby or toddler) OTC cough medicine without first checking with your doctor.\nIf your child has asthma, make sure you have an asthma action plan from your doctor. The plan should help you choose the right asthma medicines to give.\nCough drops are OK for older kids, but kids younger than 3 years old can choke on them. It's better to avoid cough drops unless your doctor says that they're safe for your child.\nWhen Should I Call the Doctor?\nAlways call your doctor if your child is coughing and:\nhas trouble breathing or is working hard to breathe\nis breathing faster than usual\nhas a blue or dusky color to the lips, face, or tongue\nhas a high fever (especially if your child is coughing but does NOT have a runny or stuffy nose)\nhas any fever and is younger than 3 months old\nis younger than 3 months old and has been coughing for more than a few hours\nmakes a \"whooping\" sound when breathing in after coughing\nis coughing up blood\nhas stridor (a noisy or musical sound) when breathing in\nhas wheezing when breathing out (unless your doctor already gave you an asthma action plan)\nis weak, cranky, or irritable\nis dehydrated; signs include dizziness, drowsiness, a dry or sticky mouth, sunken eyes, crying with little or no tears, or peeing less often (or having fewer wet diapers)\nReviewed by: Patricia Solo-Josephson, MD\nDate reviewed: May 2018\nMore on this topic for:\nParents\nKids\nTeens\nFirst Aid: Coughing\nCroup\nColds\nFirst Aid: Common Cold\nWhooping Cough (Pertussis)\nAsthma\nMy Baby Is Wheezing. Is it Asthma?\nRespiratory Syncytial Virus\nBronchiolitis\nThe Flu (Influenza)\nAll About Allergies\nChronic Hoarseness\nLungs and Respiratory System\nAsthma\nYour Lungs & Respiratory System\nCoping With Colds\nAsthma\nFlu Facts\nView more\nAbout Us\nContact Us\nPartners\nEditorial Policy\nPermissions Guidelines\nPrivacy Policy & Terms of Use\nNotice of Nondiscrimination\nNote: All information on KidsHealth® is for educational purposes only. For specific medical advice, diagnoses, and treatment, consult your doctor.\n© 1995- The Nemours Foundation. All rights reserved.\nImages provided by The Nemours Foundation, iStock, Getty Images, Veer, Shutterstock, and Clipart.com. | 2019-04-19T04:23:48Z | "http://rossa-editorial.kidshealth.org/en/parents/childs-cough.html" | rossa-editorial.kidshealth.org | 2 | 3 | 1 |
AMHA-Oregon: Exercise & Psychotherapy\nNational Therapist Locator\nMember Log-in\nContact Us\nMembership Information\nMain Menu\nMembership Information\nNational Therapist Locator\nMember Log-in\nContact Us\n☰\nHome\nExercise & Psychotherapy\nExercise and Psychotherapy: Better than Antidepressants\nExercise\u000band\u000bPsychotherapy: Better than Antidepressants\nMichael Conner, Psy.D.\nSummary\nAlmost\u000bany strenuous exercise for 30 minutes three to five times a week can\u000breduce or\u000beliminate symptoms of depression. This can include activities like\u000bstrenuous\u000bwalking, hiking, rowing, biking, running or weight lifting. Combining\u000bexercise\u000band psychotherapy is more effective than combining antidepressants with\u000bpsychotherapy. Only 15 to 25% of depressed people improve somewhat\u000btaking\u000bantidepressants. Research repeatedly confirms that 40 to 50% of\u000bdepressed\u000bpatients get better because of the passage of time, fortunate events or\u000bchanges\u000bthey make in their lives. Psychotherapy can empower people to make\u000bchanges and\u000bincorporate exercise into their lives.\nToo often we\u000baccept the\u000boutdated assertion that medication and psychotherapy are the \"proven\"\u000btreatment\u000bmodes for depression. Psychotherapy and exercise can reduce or\u000beliminate\u000bsymptoms of depression in almost anyone. There are good studies that\u000bdemonstrate this and my work with patients confirms it.\nExercise\u000bis an important and positive addition to psychotherapy. Books, articles\u000band\u000bguidelines for combining exercise and psychotherapy in treatment have\u000bbeen\u000bdeveloped. I'm so convinced of this that I installed an exercise gym in\u000bmy\u000boffice for patients. I also have simple exercise equipment patients can\u000btake\u000bhome with them. The combined results and interaction effects are\u000bimmediate and\u000bpowerful. I can hardly imagine using antidepressants as the first\u000btreatment for\u000bdepression.\nAccording\u000bto the U.S. Health Department, more and more people are depressed. The\u000breasons\u000bare stress, the consequences of stress, and a culture that promotes the\u000bpursuit\u000bof stimulation and pleasure as distraction or escape from emotional\u000bproblems.\u000bInstead of more healthy activities, people are pursuing stimulation and\u000bpleasure through food, alcohol, television and video games while\u000bsitting on the\u000bcouch.\nWhy\u000bdo patients in the U.S. take antidepressants without trying more\u000bhealthy and\u000bproven approaches first? There are two reasons:\nFirst,\u000bantidepressants\u000bare big business. Americans spend more than 86 billion dollars a year\u000bon\u000bantidepressants alone. Pharmaceutical companies spend nearly 10 billion\u000bdollars\u000beach year on marketing and promotion. Antidepressants are among the\u000bmost\u000bcommonly prescribed and most profitable drugs in America. Very little\u000bmoney is\u000bspent in the U.S. to promote awareness of healthier alternatives.\nSecond,\u000bpeople in the U.S. seem to believe drug marketing. Research results are\u000bwidely\u000bmisinterpreted and oversimplified in U.S. newspapers, magazines and on\u000btelevision. The problem has become so wide spread that many health care\u000band\u000bmental health professionals misunderstand the research as well.\nThe Biggest\u000bMisunderstanding\nJournalists,\u000bmedia personalities and advertisements incorrectly report that\u000bantidepressants\u000bcan help up to 65% of people diagnosed with depression. But when you\u000bread the\u000bresearch, and account for placebo effects, you realize that 40 to 50%\u000bof\u000bdepressed people would get better without an antidepressant. Only 15 to\u000b25%\u000bimprove somewhat on drugs. Research repeatedly confirms that 40 to 50%\u000bof\u000bdepressed patients get better because of the passage of time, changes\u000bthey make\u000bin their lives, and fortunate events. And if you read all the studies\u000bon\u000bantidepressants you discover that nearly 6 out of 10 studies show that\u000bantidepressants don't work at all. The failed studies are never\u000bpublicized and\u000bare often kept secret. There is very little difference in how \"antidepressing\"\u000bone antidepressant is over another. In fact, the \"new generation\" of\u000bantidepressants (like Prozac) are not more effective than the old ones.\u000bThe\u000bmain difference is a patient's ability to tolerate unpleasant and even\u000bembarrassing side effects. The newest medications are just more\u000bexpensive with\u000bdifferent risks and side-effects.\nThere\u000bare some important realities that are fully supported by research and\u000bpublications.\nMany\u000bantidepressants require higher doses over time.\nStopping\u000bantidepressants quickly, especially after years of use,\u000bcan, in some cases, be very unpleasant or even dangerous.\nAntidepressants,\u000bsome more than others, can increase the risk of\u000bdestructive, violent and suicidal behavior.\nThe main\u000bdifferences among antidepressants are the side effects\u000band allergic reactions.\nThe more\u000bstimulating antidepressants, like Effexor, tend to be\u000bmore addictive\nVery few people will find one\u000bantidepressant more effective than\u000banother. (Some just make you feel worse than others.)\nHow Do Most\u000bPeople\u000bRecover From Depression?\nMost\u000bpeople get better because of the passage of time, fortunate events, or\u000bpositive\u000bchanges in their life style. Medications can prevent people from making\u000bchanges\u000bin their life. In Europe, many people who stay on antidepressants for\u000b10 years\u000bare generally worse off than those who found and chose healthy\u000balternatives.\u000bPsychotherapy and exercise can help create a better life.\nExercise\u000band\u000bPsychotherapy\nProfessionals\u000boften refer to psychotherapy as a \"talking cure\". In fact it is a\u000bpsychological\u000band behavioral science. It is about our awareness as well as what we\u000bthink,\u000bfeel and do.\nExercise\u000bcan benefit people of all ages. Almost any strenuous exercise can\u000breduce or eliminate\u000bsymptoms of depression. This can include activities like walking,\u000bhiking,\u000browing, biking, running or weight lifting. Exercise on a daily basis\u000bthat\u000binvolves social interaction is best. The effect of exercise is\u000bpositive, both\u000bimmediately and long term.\nResearchers\u000bat the University of Texas Southwest Medical Center found that\u000breduction of\u000bdepressive symptoms after individuals exercised for 30 minutes, three\u000bto five\u000btimes per week over 12 weeks. High-intensity activity produced a 47\u000bpercent\u000breduction. Low-intensity activity resulted in a 30 percent reduction.\u000bStretching activity revealed only a 29 percent reduction\nA\u000bDuke University study compared the benefits of aerobic exercise,\u000bmedication and\u000ba combination of the two. After 10 weeks of treatment, patients in all\u000bthree\u000bgroups were significantly less depressed, and two-thirds no longer met\u000bthe\u000bdiagnostic criteria for depression. And when researchers followed up\u000bwith the\u000btest subjects six months after the study was completed, they found\u000bpatients in\u000bthe exercise group were more likely to be partially or fully recovered\u000bthan\u000bthose who were in the medication or medication plus exercise groups.\nDepending\u000bon the study, the effectiveness of psychotherapy and antidepressants\u000bcan be\u000bvery misleading. Short term studies make antidepressants look more\u000beffective\u000bthan they are in reality. A 12 week study by the National Institute of\u000bMental\u000bHealth (NIMH) concluded that antidepressants are more effective than\u000bpsychotherapy and that psychotherapy combined with antidepressants is\u000bbest in\u000bthe treatment of depression. However, another NIMH study of\u000bantidepressants\u000bdemonstrates that a 16 week trial of psychotherapy is more effective in\u000bthe\u000blong run to one year of antidepressants. Patients who have 16 weeks of\u000bpsychotherapy will have about the same relapse rate a year later as\u000bpeople who\u000btake an antidepressant the whole time.\nThe\u000bfollowing will be true for the majority of people\nPsychotherapy\u000bis an effective treatment for depression.\nPsychotherapy\u000bcan be more effective and less expensive in the\u000blong run than antidepressants.\nExercise is more effective than\u000bantidepressants.\nExercise\u000bcan be included in a psychotherapy treatment plan and used as a\u000bbehavioral\u000bhealth \"action method\". A psychologist might talk with a patient while\u000bthey are\u000bexercising. When combining psychotherapy during exercise, a therapist\u000bmight\u000bwork with a patient on their prior experience with exercise, their fear\u000bof\u000bequipment, anxiety when exercising in public, fear of injury, or their\u000bdiscomfort using and gaining awareness of their own body.\nResistance\u000bto exercise can be addressed using techniques such as historical\u000bre-synthesis,\u000bperceptual shifting, countering, stress inoculation, validation and\u000boperant\u000bconditioning. Realistic expectations and beliefs about the benefits can\u000bbe\u000breinforced in vivo and through documentation of gains over time. A\u000bpsychologist\u000bmay eventually prescribe exercise between appointments. Patients are\u000bmore\u000blikely to continue exercise as a life style when therapeutic exercise\u000bis\u000bincluded and reinforced as part of a treatment plan.\nCreating\u000bMotion\nPsychotherapy\u000bis more than just talking about problems. It is about supporting a\u000bhealthy\u000blifestyle where people are engaged in meaningful, stimulating and\u000brewarding\u000bactivities. The biggest challenge for a person who has been depressed\u000bis to\u000bstart exercising and to keep exercising once they feel better. Patients\u000bhave\u000bdifficulty starting exercise. Motivation is usually low because they\u000bare\u000bdepressed and exercise requires an investment of energy that is often\u000blow to\u000bbegin with. Depressed people often have realistic and unrealistic fears\u000bthat\u000bneed to be examined. People who are depressed often have a pessimistic\u000battitude. They are often reluctant to change their lifestyle to include\u000bsomething unfamiliar that requires a long term commitment and efforts.\nResearch\u000band experience reveals that merely recommending new behavior to\u000bpatients is not\u000badequate to initiate and maintain a change. This appears to be why\u000bphysicians\u000band psychologists who merely recommend exercise find that very few\u000bpatients\u000bactually follow their advice and remained committed.\nPsychologists\u000bare uniquely qualified to help patients change their behavior and life\u000bstyle.\u000bHowever, research indicates that the willingness of a psychologist to\u000brecommend\u000band use exercise in a treatment plan is probably related to their own\u000bexperience and commitment to exercise.\nPeople\u000bwho have not seen a health care professional in a long time, and those\u000bwith\u000bhealth problems, should have a medical check-up before entering a new\u000bexercise\u000bprogram. This is especially important for people who have high blood\u000bpressure,\u000bare overweight, smoke, are diabetic or have family history of heart\u000bdisease.\u000bPeople with skeletal or muscle problems should consult with a physical\u000btherapist.\nPeople are more likely\u000bto continue exercise if their activity involves positive social\u000bexperience, scheduled\u000btimes for exercise and when they measure progress and pay attention to\u000ball the\u000bbenefits. Exercise and psychotherapy can eliminate depression and\u000bcreate joy.\nMichael Conner is\u000ba psychologist who practices in Bend Oregon.\nContact:\n965 NE Wiest Way, No. 2\nBend, Oregon 97701\n541\u000b388-5660\n• 2019 AMHA-Oregon\nMembership Information\nNational Therapist Locator\nMember Log-in\nContact Us | 2019-04-21T06:06:40Z | "http://or.americanmentalhealth.com/index.tpl?page=12013858151685145" | or.americanmentalhealth.com | 0 | 8 | 2 |
Vitamin D benefits in drug-resistant Tuberculosis, finds study | Speciality Medical Dialogues\nThis site is intended for Healthcare professionals only.\nMenu Title\nAnesthesiology\nCardiac Sciences\nCritical Care\nDentistry\nDermatology\nDiabetes and Endo\nDiagnostics\nENT\nGastroenterology\nMedicine\nNephrology\nNeurosciences\nObs and Gynae\nOncology\nOphthalmology\nOrthopaedics\nPaediatrics\nPsychiatry\nPulmonology\nRadiology\nSurgery\nUrology\n×\nMedical Dialogues\nSpeciality Dialogues\nBusiness Dialogues\nEducation Dialogues\nTwitter\nFacebook\nYoutube\nLogin\nRegister\nMy Profile\nLogout\nHome\nAbout Us\nNews\nAnesthesiology\nOncology\nCardiac Sciences\nCritical Care\nDentistry\nDermatology\nDiabetes and Endo\nDiagnostics\nENT\nGastroenterology\nMedicine\nNephrology\nNeurosciences\nObs and Gynae\nOphthalmology\nOrthopaedics\nPaediatrics\nPsychiatry\nPulmonology\nRadiology\nSurgery\nUrology\nPracticing Guidelines\nAnesthesiology Guidelines\nCancer Guidelines\nCardiac Sciences Guidelines\nCritical Care Guidelines\nDentistry Guidelines\nDermatology Guidelines\nDiabetes and Endo Guidelines\nDiagnostics Guidelines\nENT Guidelines\nGastroenterology Guidelines\nMedicine Guidelines\nNephrology Guidelines\nNeurosciences Guidelines\nObs and Gynae Guidelines\nOphthalmology Guidelines\nOrthopaedics Guidelines\nPaediatrics Guidelines\nPsychiatry Guidelines\nPulmonology Guidelines\nRadiology Guidelines\nSurgery Guidelines\nUrology Guidelines\nBlog\nContact Us\nby: Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli\nVitamin D benefits in drug-resistant Tuberculosis, finds study\n1\nEditor's Pick, Medicine, News, Pulmonology\nFebruary 7, 2019\nA+ A-\nFacebook\nTwitter\nLinkedIn\nEmail\nPrint\nResearch led by scientists at Queen Mary University of London has been found that Vitamin D speeds up clearance of tuberculosis (TB) bacteria from the lungs of people with multi-drug resistant TB.The new study has been published in European Respiratory Journal.\nThe findings add to a growing list of health benefits for the ‘sunshine vitaminMulti-drug resistant (MDR’. While vitamin D is best known for its effects on bone health, previous studies by Queen Mary researchers have revealed its role in protecting against colds, flu, asthma attacks, and last month, that it can protect COPD patients from deadly lung attacks.\nMulti-drug resistant (MDR) TB is caused by bacteria that are resistant to treatment with at least two of the most powerful first-line anti-TB drugs, causing around 500,000 cases and 150,000 deaths per year worldwide. Existing antibiotic treatments for MDR TB are lengthy, costly and often toxic due to their serious side effects.\nProfessor Adrian Martineau from Queen Mary University of London, lead researcher said: “Multi-drug resistant TB is on the rise globally. It’s notoriously difficult to treat, and it carries a much worse prognosis than standard TB.\n“Our study raises the possibility that vitamin D – which is very safe and inexpensive – could benefit this hard-to-treat group of patients by taking a novel approach to their treatment. By adding vitamin D to antibiotic treatment, we can boost the immune system to help the body to clear TB bugs, rather than relying on antibiotics on their own to kill the bacteria directly.\nPlease also read-Vitamin D increases physical performance in elderly: Safari study\n“This is a novel approach, as it contrasts with the conventional tactic of developing new antibiotics in an attempt to ‘keep up’ with the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria – an arms race that is proving hard for us to win.”\nVitamin D has shown potential in boosting the immune system, but randomised controlled trials of vitamin D in TB treatment have yielded conflicting results.\nPlease also read-Vitamin D halves number of potentially fatal attacks in COPD\nThe research team pooled data from 1,850 TB patients who took part in clinical trials of vitamin D in eight countries (the UK, Pakistan, Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Mongolia, Republic of Georgia and Guinea Bissau). They then ran an analysis to see whether there were particular groups of patients who responded better to vitamin D than others.\nWhen added to antibiotic treatment, vitamin D was found to accelerate TB clearance specifically in patients with MDR TB, even though no acceleration of TB clearance was seen when looking at the entire study population as a whole.\nThe vitamin D supplementation was also found to be safe at the doses administered, with no links to serious adverse events.\nThe researchers say these results illustrate the potential for so-called ‘host-directed therapies’ – treatments that boost the immune system – to improve outcomes in patients with drug-resistant bacterial infections.The researchers caution that the analysis is not sufficient on its own to justify a clinical recommendation of the use of vitamin D in the treatment of MDR TB, as it is based on a relatively small number of participants. However, they say these results now provide a rationale to carry out new clinical trials to see if vitamin D really can benefit patients who are taking standard antibiotics for MDR TB.\nFor further reference log on to:\nhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.02003-2018\nFacebook\nTwitter\nLinkedIn\nEmail\nPrint\nSource: self\nShare your Opinion Disclaimer\nFull Name (required)\nEmail (required)\nPost Comment\nI agree to Terms & Conditions.\nSend me the latest Medical News.\nSort by: Newest | Oldest | Most Voted\nVenkita Suresh February 7, 2019, 11:00 am\nI suggest the word\\’fatal\\’ be removed from the title of the report, it is inappropriate. It is also a very common error in syntax. Fatal means either causing death, or leading to failure or disaster.\nReply\nLoad More Comments\nEditorial\nThe less known fungi of the human eye- LVPEI Study\nApr 19, 2019 (0)\nSpecialties\nAnesthesiology\nCardiac Sciences\nCritical Care\nDentistry\nDermatology\nDiabetes and Endo\nDiagnostics\nENT\nGastroenterology\nMedicine\nNephrology\nNeurosciences\nObs and Gynae\nOncology\nOphthalmology\nOrthopaedics\nPaediatrics\nPsychiatry\nPulmonology\nRadiology\nSurgery\nUrology\nSubscribe Newsletter\nEmail address *\nName\nSpecialization\nPhone Number\nDesignation\nOrganization\nCity\nLeave this field empty if you're human:\nNews\nMedical Dialogues\nBusiness Dialogues\nSpeciality Dialogues\nEducation Dialogues\nArchives\nSelect Month April 2019 March 2019 February 2019 January 2019 December 2018 November 2018 October 2018 September 2018 August 2018 July 2018 June 2018 May 2018 April 2018 March 2018 February 2018 January 2018 December 2017 November 2017 October 2017 September 2017 August 2017 July 2017 June 2017 May 2017 April 2017 March 2017 February 2017 January 2017 December 2016 November 2016 October 2016 September 2016 August 2016 July 2016 June 2016 May 2016 April 2016 March 2016 February 2016 January 2016 September 2015 July 2015 June 2015 May 2015 April 2015 March 2015 February 2015 0\nContact Us\nMedical Dialogues\[email protected]\nMedical Dialogues Google+\nTwitter\nFacebook\nGoogle Plus\nYoutube\n© Copyright 2019 Medical Dialogues\nQuick Links\nAbout Us\nOur Editorial Team\nPress Release\nContact Us\nPrivacy Policy\nTerms & Conditions\nFeedback\nSend to Email Address Your Name Your Email Address Cancel\nPost was not sent - check your email addresses!\nEmail check failed, please try again\nSorry, your blog cannot share posts by email.\nClose\nLogin\nDear user, we've recently made some changes in our website to make it more secure & accessible. 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Register here Forgot Password?\nClose\nPlease enter the email\nEmail: *\nPlease check your email\nPassword Update link has been sent to your email.\n(Please check spam / junk mail also)\nResend password reset mail\nClose\nJoin Medical Dialogues\nFirst Name *\nLast Name\nEmail *\nPhone *\nPassword *\nConfirm Password *\nI agree the Terms and Conditions.\nThanks!\nPlease activate your account\nPlease click on the \"account activation link\" we have just sent to your registered email.\n(Please check spam / junk mail also)\nResend activation link\nTerms & Conditions »\nClose\nNewsletter Signup\nJoin Medical Dialogues, and get latest news from the medical profession throughout the country.\nSubscribe Newsletter\nEmail Address *\nTerms & Conditions » | 2019-04-19T11:11:54Z | "https://speciality.medicaldialogues.in/vitamin-d-shows-benefit-in-fatal-drug-resistant-tb-patients/" | speciality.medicaldialogues.in | 1 | 4 | 1 |
Study: Do Copper or Magnets Relieve Arthritis? : BeingHealthy.TV\nHome\nAbout BeingHealthy.TV\nAbout Talli van Sunder, DPT\nAdvertise\nContact Talli\nListen/Watch\nBeingHealthy.TV\n…because the most important thing in life is Being Healthy!\nArticles\nExercise\nGuest Post\nLecture\nMental Health\nNutrition\nPodcast\nStudy\nUncategorized\nVideo Podcast\nWeight Loss\n2\nStudy: Do Copper or Magnets Relieve Arthritis?\nBy Talli van Sunder on Oct 31, 2009 in Articles, Study\nPhoto by The ChainMaille Lady via Flickr\nThe osteoarthritis in Betty’s hands got worse every year. Her hands had become so stiff and painful that picking up her cup of coffee in the morning was becoming difficult. It was so bad that when a distributor came to her door selling magnetic bracelets to cure arthritis, she bought one without even questioning if there was any scientific evidence behind the claims. At that point she was willing to try anything that promised pain relief.\nMagnetic and copper bracelets have become popular products used by many to manage the pain of chronic musculoskeletal issues, such as osteoarthritis. In fact, worldwide sales of therapeutic devices incorporating permanent magnets is estimated at $4 billion. But do they really work? Well a study coming out of the University of York is raising some doubts on the effectiveness of magnetic and copper therapy.\nStudy:\nResearchers in the Department of Health Sciences at the University of York performed a randomized, controlled study that involved 45 individuals who were diagnosed with osteoarthritis. During the 16 week study, each participant wore four devices in random order: two wrist straps with differing levels of magnetism, a demagnetized wrist strap and a copper bracelet. At the end of the trial, no significant difference was seen between the different bracelets in relation to treating pain, stiffness or function. Essentially, the study concluded that wearing a placebo wrist strap was just as effective as wearing a strap that had copper or magnets in it.\nWhat does this mean?\nThis study claims that the pain relief people claim wearing copper and magnetic wrist straps brings may merely be a placebo effect. Sometimes, believing that something will work, will actually make someone feel better. Also, it may be that magnets are employed when pain is at its worst. Then when the pain eases for other reasons, the benefit is incorrectly attributed to the copper or magnets. So, you might not want to spend a lot of money on magnetic or copper products. If it is a placebo that you are buying, a cheap one will do just as well.\nSource: Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 2009; DOI: 10.1016\nRelated posts:\nStudy: More Protein, More Muscle?\nStudy: Olive Oil May Fight Alzheimer’s\nStudy: High Fat Foods Make You Hungrier\nIf you enjoyed this article, subscribe to receive more great content just like it.\nSubscribe via RSS Feed\nComments (2)\nTrackback URL | Comments RSS Feed\nTweets that mention Study: Do Copper or Magnets Relieve Arthritis? : BeingHealthy.TV -- Topsy.com says:\nOctober 31, 2009 at 12:39 pm\n[…] This post was mentioned on Twitter by Christopher Gaudette, Christopher Gaudette. Christopher Gaudette said: Study: Do Copper or Magnets Relieve Arthritis?: The osteoarthritis in Betty’s hands got worse every yea.. http://bit.ly/2PIzRo […]\nReply\nBH4BP #70 – Tai Chi: A Healthy Exercise for All Ages : BeingHealthy.TV says:\nDecember 30, 2009 at 1:06 am\n[…] blog posts for this week are: Study: Do Copper or Magnets Relieve Arthritis? 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L-Theanine Review - Supplement Is Known To Increase Overall Cognition\nPlease enable javascript to view this page correctly. Perhaps restart your browser or check to see it is not being blocked for this site.\nToggle navigation\nResources\nCommunity Stacks\nSupplement List\nSupplement Comparison\nSupplement Recommender\nSign Up\nLog In\nL-Theanine Review\nL-Theanine belongs to the anxiolytic group of drugs, producing a state of relaxation while maintaining mental alertness. Moreover, this supplement is known to increase overall cognition and can improve your mood. It easily crosses the blood-brain barrier and when combined with caffeine, it can actually increase your IQ. Research has discovered that it increases alpha brain waves, associated with relaxation and learning. In rat studies, it has been shown to have neuroprotective properties. L-Theanine is categorized under Dopaminergics. It is also known as Suntheanine, TheaKalm.\nL-Theanine\nAlso Known Suntheanine, TheaKalm\nDescription L-Theanine belongs to the anxiolytic group of drugs, producing a state of relaxation while maintaining mental alertness. Moreover, this supplement is known to increase overall cognition and can improve your mood. It easily crosses the blood-brain barrier and when combined with caffeine, it can actually increase your IQ. Research has discovered that it increases alpha brain waves, associated with relaxation and learning. In rat studies, it has been shown to have neuroprotective properties.\nTypical Dose 200mg\nStacks\nBUY L-THEANINE NOW\nTable of Contents\nL-Theanine Review\nWhere To Buy\nRecommended Dose\nRisk & Side Effects\nL-Theanine Alternatives\nUser Reviews\nExperience Reports\nBenefits and Effectiveness\nCalmness - Increased [1]\nCognition - Increased [2]\nWhat is L-Theanine?\nYou might be very familiar with tea, may it be Green, Matcha, Yohimbine among others and may have wondered what it is in tea that helps you feel relaxed while being focused... This well-rested state of mind and anxiolytic property is brought on by L-Theanine, a naturally occurring amino acid in green tea leaves. It has shown to be a promising nootropic used as a study aid and a general mood enhancer. Even though it is regarded to be a nonessential amino acid and is non vital to support human life, it still poses to have important benefits for the human brain. Aside from tea leaves, it is also present in Xerocomus badius, a species of mushroom.\nYou can Buy L-Theanine from here to quickly save 24.9% and get free shipping.\nWhat Does L-Theanine Do?\nOnce absorbed L-Theanine easily crosses the blood brain barrier and instantly gives you a feeling of calmness. Wondering how L-Theanine does this?\n1. Promotes Relaxation\nThe relaxation effect brought about by L-Theanine may be attributed to a number of factors. First, being a form of L-Glutamic acid, L-Theanine helps to increase the alpha brain waves which are directly responsible for the feeling of calmness yet having an awake state of mind. Secondly, L-Theanine affects certain neurotransmitters including GABA (GABA is one of the inhibitory neurotransmitters in our central nervous system). When L-Theanine increases the GABA levels in our brain, there is a calming feeling followed by a reduction in anxiety levels. (1)\n2. Better Mood\nAside from L-Theanine's influence on the GABAminergic system, it is also associated with the neurotransmitter Serotonin. Serotonin is responsible for an individual's mood as well as sleeping and memory functions (3).\n3. Improved Brain Health\nL-Theanine also plays a role in one's overall brain health. This is due to the fact that it has anti-oxidant and neuroprotective properties. It supports healthy brain function as well as prevents toxins and other damaging compounds that may affect the brain. Moreover, it benefits the cardiovascular system by decreasing the risk of stroke. This is because it reduces blood pressure levels and helps open up blood vessels. (3)\nMaximizing the Effects of L-Theanine?\nBuy L-Theanine\nClick Here To Buy L-Theanine\nEfficacy is Excellent (2 total)\nMood Elevation is Great (2 total)\nTaste is Good (2 total)\nOverall Rating: 4/5 based on 6 ratings\n1. Proper L-Theanine dosage - The recommended dose for L-Theanine is between 100mg to 200mg a day. It is usually taken in combination with Caffeine with an L-Theanine-Caffeine ratio of 2:1. Meaning, if you take L-Theanine at 200mg, a dose of 100 mg of Caffeine may be administered. However, some individuals prefer taking only L-Theanine and they work just fine without the presence of Caffeine. (2) It would be best to take L-Theanine in the morning to kick start your day and avoid taking it later during the day to not interfere with your sleep schedule.\nResults may be experienced approximately an hour after ingestion and the half-life of L-Theanine is around 2.5 to 4.5 hours. (2) When starting any new supplement, it would be best to start off with the lowest possible effective dose and tracking how your body reacts.\n2. Stacking L-Theanine - This is done for the purpose of maximizing a compounds potential and in order to yield more positive effects, or to eliminate side effects. A popular choice for most individuals who want a quick step up in their cognitive and physical performance would be the L-Theanine and Caffeine stack (as hinted earlier). Caffeine is undeniably one of the most popular and commonly used stimulants today. It can be found in high amounts in Coffee (obviously) and Tea, as well as in sodas and chocolate. With L-Theanine and Caffeine working together, they potentiate each other and serve to enhance their effects, giving you a clearer and sharper mind. And not only that, L-Theanine serves to minimize the side effects that caffeine may bring about. This includes jitters, anxiety, nervousness, and even disturbances in sleep. This stack is beneficial to students and professionals who need a perfect study or work aid without the anxiety or jitters. (2)\n3. Potent Versions of L-Theanine - You can consider trying Suntheanine, from their website: Suntheanine stimulates activity in the brain known as alpha waves, which are associated with a relaxed but alert mental state. Suntheanine is the trade name for Taiyo’s patented pure form of L-theanine. Suntheanine is not an extract of green tea, but rather is produced via a patented fermentation process that mimics the natural process in green tea leaves, resulting in a 100% pure L-isomer-theanine.\" If you would like to try this, click here.\nL-Theanine Safety\nL-Theanine is extremely safe to use and is in fact, approved by the Food and Drug Administration. There have been no reported L-Theanine side effects, however some reviews online state that diarrhea may be encountered with very high dosages of L-Theanine. On the other hand, it is not advisable to take L-Theanine with anti-hypertensive medications since it may lead to a significantly low blood pressure. It is still recommended to consult your doctor or healthcare provider first before starting off with any drugs and supplements. (1)\nWhere To Buy L-Theanine Online?\nIt is available over the counter as a supplement so you may get it from stores like GNC, CVS, or Amazon if you are in the United States. However, we recommend buying it from a reputable store online, which has had right dose and quality. We recommend buying it from here, in capsule form, tablets and free form powder. Since L-Theanine is a water-soluble nootropic, you can easily mix and drink it with water or other beverages such as coffee. Additionally, you may want to consider buying Caffeine + L-Theanine in capsule form and our recommendation is to buy it for cheap from here.\nReferences:\n(1) https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Theanine.shtml\n(2) http://www.braintropic.com/nootropics/l-theanine/\n(3) http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/232248.php\nReviewer: Kathleen R. RN, PT\nWiki Last Updated: 2016-09-29\nBUY L-THEANINE NOW\n+ References\n^1 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4271648/\n^2 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21040626\nL-Theanine Dosage\n200mg\nSide Effects\nSome common side effects associated with the use of L-Theanine include headache, dizziness and gastrointestinal symptoms.\nRelated Articles [ top]\nThe Best Brain Supplements That Make You Smarter\nComparisons [ top]\nVersus Comparison\nGinkgo biloba vs L-Theanine\nPanax ginseng vs L-Theanine\nAniracetam vs L-Theanine\nCalmness | | |\nCognition | | |\nResults & Experiences\nNo data available\nCommunity Reviews [ top]\nEfficacy\nMood\nTaste\nRecommended For You\nPlease enable JavaScript to view the discussion.\nSign up with Email\nSign up\nGetting Started\nArticles\nAdrafinil\nHealth Diary\nMood Diary\nUpgrade to Premium\nMedication Tracker\nSymptom Tracker\nVitamin Tracker\nLumonol\nAbout Us\nPress\nPrivacy Policy\nTerms & Conditions\n(c) TrackMyStack | 2019-04-21T00:30:20Z | "https://reviews.trackmystack.com/supplements-Theanine" | reviews.trackmystack.com | 0 | 3 | 2 |
inflammation Archives - Medical Articles by Dr. Ray\nMedical Articles by Dr. Ray\nCollection of health news, health articles and useful medical information you can use in everyday life.\nDec\n16\n2018\nCan Longevity Research Make Us Age Slower?\nBy Ray Schilling | Anti-aging medicine, Cancer, Cardiovascular disease, Diabetes, diet, exercise, heart attack, lifestyle, Vitamins and supplements\nLongevity research has done a lot of experiments, but can longevity research make us age slower?\nThis year an 800-page summary was published of all the longevity research that has been going on. A review of this research is in this abbreviated article.\nThe entire report can be found here.\nIn the following I like to address some of the problems of anti-aging or longevity research.\nTelomere lengthening\nWe know that people with longer telomeres live longer than people with short telomeres. When telomeres are longer, the cells can continue to divide and function normally. When telomeres shorten there comes a point when no more cell division is possible. At this point the cell will normally be dissolved. When it persists, there is the danger that it undergoes a malignant transformation. This can cause premature deaths. On the other hand, if enough shortened telomeres accumulate in various organs, organ failure ensues. This will also result in premature deaths.\nResearch in humans has shown that increased physical activity elongate telomeres. So do vitamin C, E, vitamin D3 supplementation and resveratrol. A Mediterranean diet and marine omega-3 fatty acid supplementation elongate telomeres as well. In addition higher fiber intake, bioidentical estrogen in women and testosterone replacement in men can be effective in elongating telomeres. Finally, relaxation techniques like yoga and meditation are also elongating telomeres.\nAntioxidants\nMany processes lead to free radicals. Free radicals are unstable atoms that may damage cells and can cause illness and premature aging. Inflammation, the metabolism of our mitochondria, radiation exposure, industrial solvents and ozone are just some examples of what can cause free radicals in our system. If we have enough antioxidants on board, there is a balance between free radicals and antioxidants. No damage would occur then. In humans the two major antioxidants present are vitamin C and glutathione. Vitamin C comes from our food. Glutathione is produced by the liver and circulates in the blood. These two antioxidants are keeping free radicals in balance.\nAnti-inflammatories\nThis Harvard site explains that even food can cause inflammation in us. For instance sugar, French fries, red meat and margarine cause free radicals. Anti-inflammatory foods are tomatoes, green leafy vegetables, olive oil, nuts, fatty fish, berries and fruit. A Mediterranean diet has anti-inflammatory qualities. There are 6 anti-inflammatory supplements that are useful to know about: ginger, fish oil, alpha-lipoic acid, curcumin, resveratrol and spirulina. In addition to the above, vitamin D3 also has anti-inflammatory effects in higher doses.\nChronic inflammation can cause cancer down the road, so it is important to prevent this by eating sufficient amounts of anti-inflammatory foods and supplements.\nGenetic repairs\nSpontaneous mutations of DNA, mutations of suppressor genes, oncogene activation and insufficient DNA damage response can all lead to cancer. In the past there was the hope of using chemotherapy and radiation therapy as a means to influence the outcome of cancer treatment. A reinvestigation of this concept is ongoing.\nMore specific treatment modalities are under investigation. When more cancer can be prevented and when it is possible to cure more cancers longevity in the population will increase. Cancer has been one of the major killers over the years.\nMetformin research\nMetformin has been in use for decades to prevent and treat diabetes. But beyond this it also has anti-cancer activity, it prevents Alzheimer’s, prevents cardiovascular disease and may be the first anti-aging drug. A trial to this effect is ongoing.\nIt makes sense that a drug that treats and prevents diabetes would be a longevity drug at the same time. The fact that it also helps to prevent cardiovascular disease and Alzheimer’s disease also makes sense. Anytime you remove a chronic disease, life expectancy improves. As a result metformin will likely receive approval as a longevity drug soon.\nMitochondrial repair\nThe mitochondria are small organelles in each cell. The purpose of this structure is to provide energy. In normal cells there are hundred of these organelles in each cell. In heart muscle cells, brain cells and liver cells there are thousands of mitochondria in each cell to provide energy. Muscles, nerve cells and liver cells require more energy to function properly.\nTwo supplements have been in use for some time to support mitochondria function.\nCo-Q10. This supplement supports mitochondrial function. It prevents heart disease, together with vit. K2 and vitamin D3 and it keeps blood vessels open.\nPyrroloquinoline Quinone (PQQ). This supplement can increase the number of mitochondria in a cell. It can also improve their functioning. With aging we know that we are slowly losing mitochondria. It is important to know that there is a supplement that can counter the aging effect and prevent further mitochondrial loss.\nCan Longevity Research Make Us Age Slower?\nConclusion\nFor centuries people were hoping to live longer. Nowadays this dream seems to become a reality. But it does not happen with one magic pill. The aging process involves multiple targets that need attention. The telomere length is one factor. I listed a number of items that will elongate telomeres, like regular exercise and a Mediterranean diet. Antioxidants and anti-inflammatories are prolonging life as well. You want to preserve the function of your genes. Research is concentrating on improving gene repair.\nMetformin has been found to prolong life. This molecule might be the first longevity drug. It has been in use to prevent and treat diabetes, but it also helps to prevent cardiovascular disease and Alzheimer’s disease. Two supplements help with mitochondrial repair, namely Co-Q10 and PQQ. Because life is all about energy, it is important to have well functioning mitochondria in all of your cells. When mitochondria are functioning, your body functions at its best, and you feel well.\nIncoming search terms:\nmetformin longevity\nalcohol and longevity\nJul\n22\n2017\nRelaxation Reduces Inflammation\nBy Ray Schilling | breast cancer, depression, Gastrointestinal Disease, High Blood Pressure, immune system, Inflammation, mitochondria, Mortality, sleep, Stress management, telomeres\nRelaxation can calm your mind, but new research has shown that relaxation reduces inflammation as well.\nThis article is based on a research paper in Frontiers in Immunology in June of 2017.\nIt concentrated on the calming effect of meditation on the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), which causes inflammation. We know that overstimulation of the sympathetic nervous system activates the inflammatory pathway by expressing the genes responsible for NF-κB. These authors showed that the reverse is true also, namely that meditation suppresses inflammation.\nThis metaanalysis of 18 research papers included 846 participants.\nHere are brief summary findings of these 18 studies. Note that diverse relaxation methods had very similar results on the genes expressing inflammatory markers.\n1. Qigong practitioners\nFirst of all, a group of Qigong practitioners had 132 downregulated genes and 118 upregulated genes when compared to non-meditating controls. Meditation strengthens the immune system and delays cell death.\n2. Sudarshan Kriya yoga\nAlso, one form of yoga breathing is Sudarshan Kriya yoga. Subjects who practiced this form of breathing yoga for 1 hour per day did not have the stress-related response on white blood cells. In contrast, the controls who did not meditate this way showed no change in the white blood cell response to stress. Those practicing yoga had a strengthened immune system. The meditators also showed strengthening of genes that inhibit cell death.\n3. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia\nFurthermore, eight patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia were practicing the “seven yoga breathing patterns”; the popular Indian yoga teacher, Swami Ramdev, developed these. Those patients practicing the breathing yoga technique activated 4,428 genes compared to controls. They showed an up to twofold upregulation, which strengthened their immune system.\n4. Loneliness in older people\nAnother study noted that loneliness in older people causes inflammation, morbidity and mortality. 55-85 year old volunteers were taking a course of mindfulness-based stress reduction. The researchers wanted to find out whether it was due to increased inflammation that older people were more susceptible to disease. The physicians tested blood mononuclear cells for genome-wide transcriptional profiling. Those older persons who had reported loneliness had more transcription factors for nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) than controls without feelings of loneliness. After an 8-week course those who no longer felt loneliness had a reversal of proinflammatory gene expression. The genes that had changed expression were located on monocytes and B-lymphocytes; these are cells of the immune system.\n5. Care workers for patients with mental health problems\nCare workers who looked after patients with mental health problems or chronic physical problems often have stress-induced chronic inflammation markers in their blood. A study involving 23 caregivers used a practice of Kirtan Kriya Meditation (KKM) assisted by an audio recording every day for 8 weeks. The subjects filled in questionnaires for depression and mental health before and after the 8-week trial. Physicians also took blood samples for transcriptional profiling before and after the KKM trial.\nMeditation effects genes and reduces inflammation\nThe KKM meditation group had significantly less depressive symptoms and showed improvements in mental health. There were down-regulations in 49 genes and up-regulations in 19 genes compared to the controls. The pro-inflammatory NF-κB expression showed a decrease; the anti-viral gene expression showed an increase. This was measured using the IRF-1 gene. This gene controls the expression of the interferon-regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1 gene), which controls the immune response to viral infections. The interesting observation here was that a time of only 8 weeks of meditation was able to reduce inflammatory substances in the blood and could activate the immune system to fight viruses better. Further tests showed that it was meditation that stimulated the B cells and the dendritic cells.\n6. Younger breast cancer patients\nYounger breast cancer patients taking a mindfulness meditation course: Another study involved younger stable breast cancer patients after treatment that also had insomnia. Patients with both breast cancer and insomnia often have a lot of inflammatory markers in the blood. In a study with 80 patients 40 underwent treatment with Tai-Chi exercises, the other group of 40 with cognitive-behavioral therapy. Tai-Chi exercises reduced IL-6 marginally and TNF (tumor necrosis factor) significantly. There was a 9% reduction with regard to the expression of 19 genes that were pro-inflammatory; there was also a 3.4% increase with regard to 34 genes involved in regulating the antiviral and anti-tumor activity in the Tai-Chi group when compared to the cognitive-behavioral therapy group.\nMeasurable results of mindfulness meditation course\nWhile cognitive therapy has its benefits, the winner was the Tai-Chi group where there was down-regulation of 68 genes and up-regulation of 19 genes. As in the prior study there was a decrease of the pro-inflammatory NF-κB expression, which reduced the inflammatory response.\n7. Study with fatigued breast cancer patients\nIn another breast cancer study with fatigued breast cancer patients the patients practiced 3 months of Iyengar yoga. After 3 months of yoga 282 genes showed up-regulation and 153 genes showed down-regulation. There was significant lowering of the expression of NF-κB. This suggests a lowering of inflammation. At the same time questionnaires showed that the fatigue factors experienced a reduction 3 months after initiating yoga exercises.\n8. Mindful meditation used in younger breast cancer patients\nA group of 39 breast cancer patients diagnosed before the age of 50 received six weekly 2-hour sessions of mindful awareness practices (MAP). This program is very suitable for cancer survivors. In addition to the group sessions the patients also did daily exercises of between 5 minutes and 20 minutes by themselves. The control group consisted of patients on a wait list. The investigators used several psychological measure (depression and stress) and physical measures (fatigue, hot flashes and pain) to assess their progress. Gene expression in the genome and inflammatory proteins were measured at baseline and after the intervention.\nEffects of mindful awareness practices\nMindful practices showed clear benefits: they reduced stress, and sleep disturbances, hot flashes and fatigue showed improvement. Depression also shoed a marginal reduction. There were 19 pro-inflammatory genes that were mad ineffective, but not in the control group that did not do mindful practices. Gene tests revealed that transcription factor NF-κB had significant down-regulation. Conversely the anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid receptor and the interferon regulatory factors showed higher values. Genes with down-regulation came from monocytes and dendritic cells while genes with up-regulation came from B lymphocytes.\n9. Telomerase gene expression\nLifestyle modification changes telomerase gene expression: 48 patients with high blood pressure enrolled in an extensive lifestyle program teaching them about losing weight, eating less sodium, exercising, adopting a healthy diet and drinking less alcohol. The other choice was to use transcendental meditation (TM) combined with health education with weekly sessions for 4 months. It turned out that both programs led to an increased expression of telomerase genes. Both groups did not show telomerase changes, but the authors stated that the observation time was too short for that to occur. The extensive health education program turned out to be better for patients with high blood pressure as it decreased the diastolic blood pressure more and resulted in healthier lifestyles.\n10. Older patients with insomnia\nMind-body interventions for older patients with insomnia: Examiners divided a sample of 120 older adults with insomnia into two groups. They treated one group with cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), the other group with Tai Chi. The control group consisted of a group of people participating in a sleep seminar. 4 months after the intervention the CBT group had a significantly reduced C-reactive protein (CRP). The pro-inflammatory markers were lower in both groups after 2 months and in the Tai Chi group this remained low until 16 months. Gene expression profiling showed that CBT downregulated 347 genes and upregulated 191 genes; the Tai Chi group had downregulated 202 genes and upregulated 52 genes. The downregulated genes were mostly inflammatory genes while the upregulated genes controlled mostly interferon and antibody responses.\n11. Patients with bowel disease\n19 patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and 29 patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) were treated with a relaxation response-based mind-body intervention. This consisted of 9 weekly meetings, each lasting 1.5 hours and practices a home for 15-20 minutes. The participants were taught breathing exercises and cognitive skills designed to help manage stress. At the end of the mind-body intervention and at a follow-up visit 3 weeks later participants of both the IBS and IBD groups scored higher in quality of life and lower in the level of anxiety they had before. They had reduced symptoms of their conditions.\nResults of relaxation response-based mind-body intervention on IBS patients\nThe IBS group showed an improvement in 1059 genes. These were mostly improvements in inflammatory responses, in cell growth, regarding proliferation, and also improvements in oxidative stress-related pathways. The IBD group showed improvements in 119 genes that were related to cell cycle regulation and DNA damages. Other genetic tests showed that NF-κB was a key molecule for both IBS and IBD. The main finding was that relaxation response-based mind-body intervention was able to down regulate inflammation in both IBD and IBS.\n12. Caregivers for Alzheimer’s patients receiving a course of MBSR\n25 caregivers participated in a course of mindfulness based stress reduction (MBSR). Using 194 differently expressed genes the investigators could predict who would be a poor, moderate or good responder to the MBSR intervention. These genes related to inflammation, depression and stress response. 91 genes could identify with an accuracy of 94.7% at baseline whether the person would receive psychological benefits from the MBSR program.\n13. Higher state of consciousness in two experienced Buddha meditators\nGenetic tests showed, similar to the description of other cases that genes affecting the immune system, cell death and the stress response experienced stimulation. EEG studies in both individuals during deep meditation were almost identical with an increase of theta and alpha frequency ranges.\n14. Rapid gene expression in immune cells (lymphocytes) in the blood\nOne study used gentle yoga postures, meditation and breathing exercises. 10 participants recruited at a yoga camp had yoga experience between 1.5 months and 5 years. Their response resulted in 3-fold more gene changes than that of controls. Otherwise the findings were very similar to the other studies.\n15. Genomic changes with the relaxation response\nThe relaxation response (RR) is the opposite of the stress response. One study examined how various modes of entering into the relaxation response like yoga, Qi Gong, Tai Chi, breathing exercises, progressive muscle relaxation, meditation, and repetitive prayer would lead to beneficial gene effects. As in other studies inflammation was reduced and the immune system was stimulated from the relaxation response. This was verified with detailed gene studies. The authors noted that different genes were activated in people who had done long-term RR practice versus people who practiced RR only for a shorter time. There were distinctly different gene expressions.\n16. Energy metabolism and inflammation control\nRelaxation responses beneficial for energy metabolism and inflammation control: Experts with experience in RR were compared with a group of novice RR practitioners. Experts and short-term practitioners expressed their genes differently at baseline. But after relaxation both experts and novices had gene changes in the area of energy metabolism, electron transport within the mitochondria, insulin secretion and cell aging. The upregulated genes are responsible for ATP synthase and insulin production. ATP synthase is responsible for energy production in the mitochondria and down regulates NF-κB pathway genes. Inflammation was reduced by these changes. All these beneficial gene changes were more prominent in expert RR practitioners. Other beneficial changes noted were telomere maintenance and nitric oxide production in both expert and novice RR practitioners.\n17. Relaxation changes stress recovery and silences two inflammatory genes\nMindfulness meditation changes stress recovery and silences two inflammatory genes: Experienced meditators were tested after an intensive 8-h mindfulness meditation retreat workshop. Two inflammatory genes were silenced by mindfulness meditation compared to controls. Other genes that are involved in gene regulation were found to be downregulated as well. These experienced meditators had a faster cortisol recovery to social stress compared to controls.\n18. Vacation and meditation effect on healing from disease\nThis last study investigated the effect of a 6-day holiday retreat. One group was offered a 4-day meditation course, one group was the control group just holidaying and the third group was an experienced meditation group who also took the retreat meditation course. Depression, stress, vitality, and mindfulness were measured with questionnaires. All groups were positively changed after the holiday and remained this way at 1 month after the retreat. 10 months after the retreat novice meditators were less depressed than the vacation control group. At the center of the experiment was the gene expression study.\nEffects of holiday and meditation\n390 genes had changed in all of the groups. The authors assumed that this was due to the relaxation experience of the retreat. The genes involved related to the stress response, wound healing, and injury. Other genes measured inflammation (control of tumor necrosis factor alpha). Another set of genes measured the control of protein synthesis of amyloid beta (Aβ) metabolism, which causes Alzheimer’s disease and dementia. All groups had markers that indicated less risk of dementia, depression and mortality, which was likely due to the relaxation from the retreat.\nRelaxation Reduces Inflammation\nConclusion\nThis study is a meta-analysis of 18 research papers. The authors found that very different approaches to relax the mind have fairly consistent universal effects on reducing inflammation. Most of this work was done with genetic markers. No matter what type of relaxation method you use, you will have beneficial effects from it. But the beneficial effect is not only strengthening the immune system, it also improves sleep, depression, anxiety and blood pressure. In addition it is improving your stress response, wound healing, risk of dementia and it reduces mortality. We don’t quite understand all of the details yet.\nWhat is definitely documented is the effect of the mind-body interaction. It also points clearly to the relaxation response from meditation and similar relaxation methods. This has been proven beyond any doubt through genetic tests.\nIncoming search terms:\nbenefits of mindfulness meditation in post cardiac surgery\nJul\n01\n2017\nAdvanced Glycation End Products (AGEs)\nBy Ray Schilling | AGEs, Alzheimer’s disease, Anti-aging medicine, Cancer, Diabetes, heart attack, Inflammation, mitochondria, Nutrition, Stroke\nAdvanced glycation end products (AGEs) form through cooking food at high temperatures. Sugar molecules react with proteins crosslinking them and changing how they function. It prevents proteins from doing their job. Glycation also causes inflammation, which damages mitochondria, the power packages inside cells that provide the body with energy. Overall AGEs lead to premature aging, which comes from the toxic protein reactions. Advanced glycation end products accumulate as glycated proteins in the tissues of the body. This leads to mitochondrial dysfunction.\nEffect of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) on the body\nThe toxic effects of AGEs frequently occur in the following tissues.\nThe accumulation of AGEs can cause kidney disease and kidney failure (renal failure). In this case the kidneys no longer filter the blood to excrete waste. Hemodialysis may be necessary.\nAGEs damager joint cartilage, so it can no longer handle stress and joint stiffness sets in. AGEs are now recognized as a major cause of osteoarthritis.\nCross-linked proteins from AGEs can cause Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. Damaged proteins accumulate in brain cells that disable and kill them eventually.\nGlycation of LDL particles is an important cause of increasing the plaque formation in arteries by LDL. Glycated LDL is much more susceptible to oxidation than regular LDL. Oxidized LDL causes damage to the lining of the arteries and destroys endothelial nitric oxide synthase. This is a critical enzyme that maintains vasodilatation and blood flow. When glycation of LDL has set in, LDL receptors can no longer recognize it. This means that glycated LDL continues to circulate in the bloodstream where it contributes to the atherosclerotic process. It forms a plaque which becomes a reason for heart attacks and strokes. Glycation of LDL is particularly common in patients with diabetes.\nGlycation of the skin sensitizes the skin to UV light damage. It triggers oxidative stress that increases the risk of skin cancer.\nGlycation damages our eyes. It causes clouding of the lens (cataracts) and it damages the retina. Macular degeneration can ultimately cause blindness.\nWhen glycation affects the discs in the spinal cord, this can cause disc protrusions and disc herniations. Injuries to the nearby spinal nerves can happen causing limping and leg or arm weakness.\nNutrients to counter AGEs\nThere are nutrients that can slow down the rate of glycation and as a result will halt the aging process.\nBenfotiamine\nBenfotiamine is a fat-soluble form of the water-soluble vitamin B1 (thiamine). It can reverse glycation in cell cultures and in humans.\nAs a result the damage to the cells that are lining arteries is reduced. Benfotiamine also counters diabetic neuropathy, retinopathy and nephropathy.\nPyridoxal 5’-phosphate\nPyridoxal 5’-phosphate is a metabolite of vitamin B6. It is similar to benfotiamine in that it counters glycation and dissolves deposited AGEs. It is particularly useful to stop fat and protein glycation. In diabetic patients lipid glycation is often a problem as these authors have shown. Pyridoxal 5’-phosphate traps glucose breakdown products before they become part of glycation reactions.\nCarnosine\nCarnosine is a dipeptide, made up of the amino acids histidine and beta-alanine. It is found in higher concentration in muscle and brain tissue. Carnosine scavenges for free radicals and prevents AGE formation. This prevents both lipid glycation and protein glycation. This publication states that carnosine can play a role in preventing Alzheimer’s disease. Carnosine prevents protein crosslinking. The result is that tangled protein clumps cannot accumulate and cause Alzheimer’s disease.\nCarnosine also reduces blood lipid levels and stabilizes atherosclerotic plaques. This reduces the risk of plaque rupture, which can cause a heart attack or stroke.\nCarnosine also has a mitochondria stabilizing function resisting the destructive effects of oxidative stresses.\nLuteolin\nMany plants contain luteolin, which is a bioflavonoid. It has anti-inflammatory effects and works by suppressing the master inflammatory complex, called NF-kB. NF-kB triggers the production of multiple cytokines and is the cause of many cancers, chronic diseases, autoimmune diseases and septic shock. Kotanidou et al. did an experiment where they injected mice with Salmonella enteritis toxin, either with or without luteolin protection. Without luteolin only 4.1% of the mice survived on day 7. With luteolin protection 48% were alive on day 7.\nLuteolin has been shown to be effective as an anti-inflammatory in the brain, the blood vessel lining, intestines, skin, lungs, bone and gums.\nAll these four supplements are available in the health food store. They work together and would be recommendable in diabetic patients where glycation is most prominent. But these supplements are also useful for older people who want to slow down the aging process in general.\nNutrients to slow down mitochondrial aging\nGlycation causes mitochondrial deterioration and dysfunction. It accelerates aging in every aspect. AGEs (advanced glycation end products) crosslink proteins, lipids, but also damage enzymes and DNA. Glycation causes a slow down of mitochondrial energy production. The end result is a lack of energy and slower repair processes, which all depend on mitochondrial energy production. The following supplements have shown some merit in reversing this process.\nPyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ)\nPPQ is a supplement that is known to produce new mitochondria in cells. This helps the energy metabolism of aging cells to recover.\nTaurine\nTaurine is an amino acid that occurs abundantly in heart and skeletal muscles cells, brain cells and cells of the retina. These are areas in the body with high metabolic rates that can burn out mitochondria. Taurine regulates enzymes in mitochondria that harvest energy from food substances. In patients who experience accelerated aging, a lack of taurine can produce an energy crisis. But supplementation with taurine can rescue the cells by reducing oxidative stress and restoring the function of mitochondria in cells that are aging. Brain cells were putting out new shoots, called neurites when taurine was given as a supplement. This helps to improve brain connection, and preserves memory and cognition.\nR-lipoic acid\nR-lipoic acid helps to extract energy from foods and support mitochondrial function. When R-lipoic acid is given to aging animals, their metabolic function improves, the mitochondria become healthier and there are less oxidative stress-inducing byproducts. It protects their liver, heart and brain cells from oxidative stress in their mitochondria. It is becoming known as an energy-giving supplement.\nAdvanced Glycation End Products (AGEs)\nConclusion\nSugar overconsumption and overcooking food cause advanced glycation end products (AGEs) through lipid and proteins cross-linking. This leads to premature loss of organ function. The mitochondria are also slowed down. This creates premature aging. Fortunately there are a few supplements like benfotiamine, pyridoxal 5’-phosphate, carnosine and luteolin. They protect against glycation. Mitochondria can also be protected by PPQ, taurine and R-lipoic acid. Although we cannot stop the aging process, avoiding sugar and stopping to consume overcooked food, such as barbecued meats and deep fried food is a sensible step in prevention. Aging can slow down significantly with this approach and some supplements.\nIncoming search terms:\nadvanced glycation end-products\nadvanced glycation end products\nadvanced glycation end products and pressure cooking and catherine shanahan\nglycation benfotiamine a day\nare advanced glycation end products fat soluble\nhow advanced glycation end products affect the body\nwhat types of proteins cells will express more when there are high Advanced glycation endproducts in our body\nApr\n01\n2017\nWhen Food Causes Inflammation\nBy Ray Schilling | Abdominal Pain, Arthritis, autoimmune disease, Cancer, Cardiovascular disease, chronic pain, depression, Diabetes, diet, heart attack, Heart Disease, immune system, Inflammation, lifestyle, Nutrition, Obesity, Pain, Prevention, Processed food\nDr. Hal Blatman gave a talk about when food causes inflammation. He gave his talk on Dec. 9 at the 24th Annual World Congress on Anti-Aging Medicine (Dec. 9-11, 2016) in Las Vegas that I attended. The original title was “Food, Pain and Dietary Effects of Inflammation”.\nDr. Blatman is the medical director of Blatman Health and Wellness Center, Cincinnati and Batman Medical Services, Manhattan.\nGeneral remarks about nutrition\nDr. Blatman pointed out that mistakes of nutrition are often behind chronic diseases and illnesses. The physician’s task is to explain to patients how they can change their food intake to improve inflammation in the body and to allow the body to heal itself.\nHippocrates said 400 BC “Let food be thy medicine and medicine be thy food”.\nIn this context Dr. Blatman stated that nutrition could exacerbate symptoms or relieve symptoms and there must be rules for good nutrition. If we do not take care of our nutrition, the gut flora composition changes and causes leaky gut syndrome. But if we consume healthy foods all of this improves.\nMathematical formula for when food causes inflammation\nTo make it easier to understand the impact of food on our health the speaker offered this formula: G-B+R=P\nG = stands for good, beneficial things you can put into your body.\nB = bad, toxic things that affect your body negatively.\nR = reserves that your body has since birth (minus the amounts you have used up)\nP = pain and problems you are going to experience\nIt is P (pain and other medical problems) what brings the patient to see the doctor. G and B is what the patient can change. When done right, the P value in the formula reduces and the pain or medical problems go away.\nNutritional rules\nDr. Blatman said there are three rules about nutrition.\nRule #1 is to not eat fake or toxic foods\nHe listed NutraSweet, Splenda, Saccharin, margarine and olestra.\nAspartame\nAspartame experiments on rats showed that it can cause cancer: Dr. Blatman said that aspartame causes multiple myeloma and Hodgkin’s lymphoma in man. Aspartame worsens depression, 10% is metabolized in the liver into methanol, a nerve poison.\nSplenda\nSplenda (sucralose) originates from sugar. However, several chlorine atoms were inserted into the sugar molecule. It reduces beneficial microflora in the gut. It also interacts with liver enzymes, which interfere with the bioavailability of oral drugs.\nSaccharin\nSaccharin alters gut bacteria and increases glucose tolerance.\nHydrogenated fat and margarine\nInsects don’t eat margarine, mold will not grow on it, and it will not support life. Merchants like it because food does not turn stale on shelves. Hydrogenated fats like margarine are like poisons. They raise the bad LDL cholesterol levels and reduce beneficial HDL cholesterol levels. The prostaglandin balance changes so that inflammation occurs. There is increased evidence of diabetes and the cell membrane composition changes. Proinflammatory cytokines can cause pain in the dorsal root ganglions. It follows from all of this that it is best to cut out all hydrogenated fat and margarines.\nPartially hydrogenated vegetable oil\nThe cell membrane consists of two lipid layers at a specific ratio of omega-6 essential fatty acids and omega-3 essential fatty acids. It also contains triglycerides, phospholipids and protein. Cell membrane absorb nutrients to move into the cell and eliminate waste out of it. The cell membrane needs to remain flexible and within neurons needs to transmit electrical information. The membrane composition is critical for the cell membranes to perform optimally. It is here that the physician has to explain this to the patient. All the fats we eat are the raw material, which will make up our cell membranes. So what fat we eat that day travels into the cell wall that becomes part of it that day. The same process occurs with cell wall repair. If we eat hydrogenated fat that day, it travels into the cell wall. A membrane with hydrogenated fat will:\nNot transmit nutrients inside the cell\nWill not transmit waste out\nCauses the membrane to lose flexibility\nIn a nerve cell there will be abnormal neuron transmission\nIf we eat hydrogenated fat, we become like a “genuine GM truck fixed with inferior parts”, so Dr. Blatman. The interesting observation is that it takes 4 months after eliminating hydrogenated oil from the diet to get it out from red blood cells. Be aware that French fries increase pain for 4 months, so why eat them?\nOlestra\nOlestra, an artificial fat: This fat, Olestra has been developed as an artificial fat and is used in chips. It can cause diarrhea, abdominal cramps and weight gain with long-term use. Olestra belongs into the group of fake/toxic foods. Don’t eat Pringles or chips that are made with this.\nHealthy oils\nThere are two types of essential fatty acids, omega-6 fatty acids and omega-3 fatty acids. Many processed foods contain only omega-6 fatty acids, because this is the cheapest way to produce them (they are based on vegetable oils). Instead you want to eat healthy fats like omega-3 fatty acids contained in nuts and fish. You can also add molecularly distilled, high potency omega-3 fatty acids (purified fish oil) as a supplement to help restore the balance between omega-6 and omega-3 in your food intake. Avoid omega-6 fatty acids from corn oil, safflower oil, grape seed oil, soybean oil, cottonseed oil, canola oil and peanut oil.\nMetabolism of omega-6 fatty acids versus omega-3 fatty acids\nCompare the metabolism of omega-6 fatty acids with that of omega-3 fatty acids.\nThe linoleic acid of omega-6 fatty acids gets metabolized into arachidonic acid, which causes pro-inflammatory mediators, PGE2 and LTB4. On the other hand with omega-3 fatty acids alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) is metabolized into EPA, DHA and the anti-inflammatory mediators PGE3 and LTB5.\nIt is easily understandable why a surplus of omega-6 fatty acids from processed foods will disbalance the omega-6 to omega-3 ratio. This ratio should be 1:1 to 3:1, but many Americans’ omega-6 to omega-3 ratio is 6:1 to 18:1. Omega-6-fatty acids cause arthritis, heart disease and strokes. Be particularly careful in avoiding soybean oil, which is the most popular oil in the last few decades to foul up the omega-6 to omega-3 ratio through processed foods.\nBalance of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids\nWhen it comes to balancing omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in your diet, be aware that nutritional balancing can help you restore the ideal omega-6 to omega-3 ratio of 1:1 to 3:1. An easy way is to cut out processed foods as much as possible. Supplement with molecularly distilled fish oil capsules to add more omega-3 fatty acids into your food intake. Dr. Blatman gave the example of rheumatoid arthritis patients that were put on omega-3 supplements. After 24 weeks their joint swelling and tenderness went down.\nRebalancing the omega-6 to omega-3 ratio was able to treat depression as this research showed. This makes you wonder how much depression may be caused by overconsumption of processed food.\nSuggested doses of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation\nDr. Blatman suggested the following doses of omega-3 supplementation for various purposes:\n1 gram/day as supplementation for healthy adults with a good diet\n1-3 grams/day for people with cardiovascular disease\n5-10 grams/day for patients with an autoimmune disease, with chronic pain or with neuropsychiatric conditions\nHe mentioned that these doses are empirical, but in his opinion definitely help. Due to quality differences he suggested that you buy fish oil capsules in a health food store where the quality is best. Stay away from discount stores (the quality is the worst) and drug stores.\nOther healthy oils are olive oil and coconut oil. They are also useful for cooking.\nRule #2 is not to eat inflammatory foods\nOur body functions like a luxury car; it needs pure food to function. Anything less leads to inflammation, particularly when you eat sugar and processed foods.\nInflammatory foods are sugar, white flour, fruit juice and white/red potatoes. A medium potato=1/2 cup of sugar! Other problematic foods are wheat grain contained in breads, pasta, cereal and thickeners in soups and sauces.\nWhat is the problem with these foods? They break down the zonulin proteins that are a bridge between the lining cells of the gut.\nThis leads to an increase of intestinal permeability, and leaky gut syndrome can develop. Inflammatory cytokines from visceral fat add to the gut inflammation, and cardiovascular disease and high blood pressure can develop.\nFried potatoes, in particular the consumption of French fries, have been identified as the cause of inflammatory bowel disorder (IBD). Countries with the highest consumption of French fries have the highest incidence of IBD.\nA Mediterranean diet and the DASH diet are anti-inflammatory diets.\nRule #3 is to not disturb the bowel flora\nA healthy bowel flora is symbiotic with the body. You achieve this by eating green leafy vegetables. A toxic flora from dysbiotic microbes comes from eating white flour, white sugar and red meat. Red meat leaves residues on which dysbiotic bacteria thrive.\nSymbiotic gut bacteria produce vitamin K, cobalamin, pyridoxine, biotin, riboflavin, pantothenic acid and short fatty acids. They also degrade metabolic toxins, prevent pathogens from colonization and they stimulate the immune system to mature.\nDysbiosis occurs when the wrong diet consisting of sodas, white flour, sugar and red meat is over consumed. There are toxins that are produced by the dysbiotic microbes. These injure the bowel wall and make the immune system work harder. Immune system dysfunction, fatigue and fibromyalgia can follow.\nDr. Blatman stated that gut dysbiosis that causes leaky gut syndrome could also cause ulcer disease, diabetes, heart disease, fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, chronic pain and even cancer.\nWhen Food Causes Inflammation\nConclusion\nThis was a whirlwind tour through a talk given by Dr. Blatman during the 24th Annual World Congress on Anti-Aging Medicine (Dec. 9-11, 2016) in Las Vegas. What food we eat determines what gut bacteria we harbor, symbiotic ones or toxic ones. This in turn determines which way our health develops. But the content of what we eat is also important. If we consume processed foods we end up consuming way too many omega-6 fatty acids, which cause inflammation, arthritis and heart disease. This is happening in front of our eyes, if we start seeing things the way they are. I was aware of this since the mid 1990’s. In a lecture I attended at a continuing education conference a cardiologist pointed out that inflammation was the determining factor of whether or not our patients would get a heart attack.\nCholesterol concept being replaced by inflammation concept\nThe lecturer mentioned then that the older cholesterol concept would be replaced by the newer inflammation concept. He was right, but it goes even further! There is the important omega-6 to omega-3 ratio, and fish oil supplementation helps. At the same time it is necessary cutting out processed foods. But there is the newer insight that our bowel flora and red meat consumption can culture toxic bacteria in our own gut. It is in our power to start eating more vegetables and cut out sugar and starchy food. It is time to see chips and French fries not as a “convenience” but a hazard to your health. Food does not have to cause inflammation; right food choices will help us to stay well and live longer.\nIncoming search terms:\ndoes aspartame cause inflammation\nolestra and gut flora\nsplenda poison\nJan\n28\n2017\nCardiovascular Disease And Inflammation\nBy Ray Schilling | Cardiovascular disease, Diabetes, Fitness, heart attack, Heart Disease, High Blood Pressure, Inflammation, lifestyle, mitochondria, Nutrition, Obesity, sugar\nDr. Mark Houston talked about cardiovascular disease and inflammation – “the evil twins”. He presented this lecture at the 24th Annual World Congress on Anti-Aging Medicine (Dec. 9-11, 2016) in Las Vegas. Dr. Houston is an associate clinical professor of medicine at the Vanderbilt University Medical School in Nashville, TN 37232.\nNew thinking about cardiovascular disease and inflammation\nDr. Houston pointed out that the old thinking about cardiovascular disease is defunct, needs replacing and, of course, that the new thinking needs to take its place. Specifically, here are a number of points regarding the new thinking.\nCoronary heart disease and congestive heart failure are diseases of inflammation. In the same fashion, oxidative stress, vascular immune dysfunction and dysfunction of the mitochondria are also part of them.\nMoreover, in the past it was difficult to reduce these cardiovascular diseases. In contrast, with the new thinking there are now new treatment approaches that help cure cardiovascular disease.\nOn the whole, the development of heart disease has a long history. First, endothelial dysfunction predates coronary artery disease by many years. Second, the next step is vascular smooth muscle dysfunction. Finally, inflammation develops and structural changes occur in the small and larger blood vessels with atheromatous deposits (plaques) and final occlusion, at which point you get a heart attack.\nNew approach to the old problem of plugged coronary arteries\nCanadian physician Sir William Osler has already stated more than 100 years ago “A man is as old as his blood vessels”. In the first place, the old thesis was that cholesterol would lead to deposits that close coronary blood vessels and cause heart attacks. Dr. Houston called this the “cholesterol-centric “ approach. In reality, the truth is that with conventional blood tests you are missing 50% of all the high-risk patients that are going to develop heart attacks. They are missing the ones that have chronic inflammation, but normal cholesterol levels.\nCoronary artery damage from cholesterol elevation versus inflammation\nWhat was not common knowledge in the past was that oxidative stress associated with normal aging can also lead to chronic low-grade inflammation. This oxidative stress leads to mitochondrial DNA changes. Associated with it are biochemical changes that cause chronic inflammation, which in turn will affect the lining of the arteries. The literature describes a metabolic change that known as metabolic syndrome. It leads to high blood pressure, hardening of the arteries and eventually heart attacks and strokes. Accordingly, the key today is to include in screening tests all parameters that will predict who is at risk to develop a heart attack or not.\nBlood tests to screen for cardiovascular disease and inflammation\nThe physician should check blood tests and health history for dyslipidemia, high blood pressure (hypertension), hyperglycemia, smoking, diabetes, homocysteinemia, obesity etc. Also, patients with high GGTP (gamma-glutamyl transferase) levels in the blood are more at risk to develop diabetes. This in turn leads to inflammation of the arterial wall and heart attacks. There are 25 top risk factors that account for all causes of heart attacks.\nBriefly, apart from the 7 factors already mentioned above the physician wants to check for high uric acid levels (hyperuricemia), kidney disease, high clotting factors (fibrinogen levels), elevated iron levels, trans fatty acid levels, omega-3 fatty acid levels and omega-6 to omega-3 ratio, low dietary potassium and magnesium intake with high sodium intake, increased high sensitivity C reactive protein level (hs CRP measuring inflammation).\nFurther high risk factors for coronary artery disease\nThe list to test for cardiovascular disease risk continues with blood tests for vascular immune dysfunction and increased oxidative stress, lack of sleep, lack of exercise, subclinical low thyroid levels, hormonal imbalances for both genders, chronic infections, low vitamin D and K levels, high heavy metals and environmental pollutants.\nThe speaker stated that he includes a hormone profile and vitamin D levels. He does biochemical tests to check for mitochondrial defects. Micronutrients are also checked as cardiovascular patients often have many nutritional deficiencies coupled with cardiovascular factors. Inflammation is monitored through testing the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP).\nThe Rasmussen score\nIn order to assess the risk of a patient Dr. Cohen, a cardiologist has developed the Rasmussen score, which is more accurate than the Framingham score.\nThe following tests are performed on the patient: computerized arterial pulse waveform analysis (medical imaging), blood pressure at rest and following exercise and left ventricular wall of the heart by echocardiography. Further tests include urine test for microalbuminuria, B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP, a measure of congestive heart failure), retinal score based on fundoscopy, intima-media thickness (IMT, measured by ultrasound on the carotid artery) and electrocardiogram recording (EKG).\nHere is what the Rasmussen score means:\nWith a disease score of 0 to 2: likely no heart attack in the next 6 years\nThe disease score is 3 to 5: 5% likely cardiovascular events in the next 6 years\nDisease score > 6: 15% likely cardiovascular events in the next 6 years\nNon-intervention tests to measure cardiovascular health\n1. The ENDOPAT test\nWith this test the brachial artery is occluded with a blood pressure cuff for 5 minutes. Endothelial dysfunction is measured as increased signal amplitude. A pre- and post occlusion index is calculated based on flow-mediated dilatation. The values are interpreted as follows: an index of 1.67 has a sensitivity of 82% and specificity of 77% to predict coronary endothelial dysfunction correctly. It also correlates to a future risk for coronary heart disease, congestive heart disease and high blood pressure.\n2. The VC Profile\nThis test measures the elasticity of the arteries. There is a C1 index that measures the elasticity of the medium and smaller vessels and the C1 index, which measures elasticity of the larger arteries and the aorta. The smaller the numbers are, the less elastic the arterial walls.\n3.The Corus CAD score\nThis is a genetically based blood test. The score can be between 0 and 40. If the score is 40, there is a risk of 68% that there is a major blockage in one or more coronary arteries.\n4. Coronary artery calcification\nThe CAC score correlates very well with major event like a heart attack. There is a risk of between 6- and 35-fold depending how high the CAC score is. The key is not to wait until you have calcification in your coronary arteries, but work on prevention.\nTreatment of cardiovascular disease and inflammation\nWhen the doctor treats heart disease, all of the underlying problems require treatment as well. It starts with good nutrition like a DASH diet or the Mediterranean diet.\nNext anti-inflammatory and other supplements are added: curcumin 500 mg to 1000 mg twice a day, pomegranate juice ¼ cup twice per day, chelated magnesium 500 mg twice per day, aged garlic 1200 mg once daily, taurine 3 grams twice per day, CoQ-10 300 mg twice per day and D-ribose 5 grams three times per day. This type of supplementation helps for chest pain associated with angina. On top of this metabolic cardiology program the regular cardiac medicines are also used.\nAdditional supplements used in the metabolic cardiology program may be resveratrol 500 mg twice per day, quercetin 500 mg twice per day, omega-3 fatty acid 5 grams per day, vitamin K2 (MK 7) 100-500 micrograms per day and MK4 1000 micrograms per day. In addition he gives 1000 mg of vitamin C twice per day. This program helps in plaque stabilization and reversal and reduction of coronary artery calcification.\nCase study showing the effect of metabolic cardiology program\nHere is a case study of a heart patient that was treated by Dr. Houston. He was a white male, first treated for congestive heart failure as a result of a heart attack in June 2005. Initially his ejection fraction was 15-20%. His medications were: digoxin 0.25 mg once daily, metoprolol 50 mg twice per day, ramipril 10 mg twice per day, spironolactone 25 mg twice per day and torsemide 20 mg once daily. These medications remained in place, but the patients followed the metabolic cardiology program in addition. Here are the results of his ejection fraction (EF) values after he was started on the metabolic program:\nInitial measurement: EF15-20%. Marked shortness of breath on exertion.\n3 months: EF 20-25%. He reported improved symptoms.\n6 months: EF 25-30%. He said that he had now minimal symptoms.\n12 months: EF 40%. He had no more symptoms.\n24 months: EF 50%. He reported: “I feel normal and great”.\n5 years: EF 55%. He said” I feel the best in years”.\nA normal value for an ejection fraction is 55% to 70%.\nCardiovascular Disease And Inflammation\nConclusion\nTesting for heart disease risk has become a lot more sophisticated than in the past, and the tests have opened up a window to early intervention. Metabolic cardiology is a new faculty of cardiology that assists in the reversal and stabilization of heart disease. It will help high blood pressure patients and stabilizes diabetes, which would otherwise have deleterious effects on heart disease. Metabolic cardiology improves angina patients. It also prevents restenosis of stented coronary arteries. As shown in one clinical example reduced ejection fractions with congestive heart failure will improve. The metabolic cardiology program achieved all of these improvements.\nAs usual, prevention is more powerful than conventional treatment later. To give your cardiac health a good start, don’t forget to cut out sugar, exercise regularly and follow a sensible diet.\nOct\n17\n2015\nDepression Needs Treatment\nBy Ray Schilling | Alzheimer’s disease, Cancer, depression, Diabetes, Medical Condition, Parkinson’s disease, Vitamins and supplements\nDepression is common and depression needs treatment. 10% of all men and 20% of all women have a period of depression in their lives. In people with medical illnesses depression is more common: 20% to 40% (Ref.1).\nFirst, the peak age for depression is usually the age of 25 to 44. There are special groups where depression is also common. In adolescents 5% are affected with depression and 13% of women tend to get depressed after delivery, a condition called postpartum depression.\nSecond, in any age group with depression there is a risk of suicide, but with adolescents this is particularly true.\nThird, about 10% to 15% of people with general medical illness are developing depression, such as patients with Parkinson’s disease, stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, cardiac disease, HIV infection, end-stage renal failure and cancer.\nCauses of depression\nOfficially it is not known what causes depression. That is what medical textbooks say. However, other books like Datis Kharrazian’s book “Why isn’t my brain working?” offers several scenarios that can cause depression and he has examples of cases that were cured of depression (Ref.2). He points out that deficiencies in two major brain transmitters can cause depression: serotonin and dopamine.\nSerotonin\nFirst of all, serotonin is produced in the midbrain from the amino acid tryptophan in two biochemical steps. These biochemical conversions require iron, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, niacin, folic acid and magnesium as co-factors. But you also need the “large neutral amino acid transporter” (LNAA) to transport tryptophan through the blood/brain barrier into the brain.\nDopamine\nFurthermore, dopamine is a neurotransmitter that is produced in the frontal lobes of the brain. It is also necessary for learning. The brain synthesizes dopamine from tyrosine, which has to be manufactured in the liver from the amino acid phenylalanine. You need to have a healthy liver to produce tyrosine, which needs to be transported through the blood/brain barrier into the brain; similar to tryptophan this requires the “large neutral amino acid transporter” (LNAA). People with hepatitis, fatty liver, insulin resistance or diabetes may have problems with the LNAA transporter, which can cause dopamine deficiency (Ref.2). But they may also have low serotonin, if tryptophan did not enter the brain because of a transportation problem. This will happen with sugar overconsumption, as insulin resistance develops and affects the LNAA transporter resulting in both low serotonin and dopamine (Ref.2).\nInflammation\nFinally, in the 1990’s researchers confirmed that inflammation is also a possible factor in the causation of neurological disease including depression. Ref. 2 points out that gut issues can become brain issues as inflammatory substances can leak trough a leaky gut into the blood stream and trough a leaky blood/brain barrier into the brain. Hypothyroidism can activate brain inflammation and lead to an imbalance of the neurotransmitters. Gluten sensitivity is also an important cause of depression through the inflammatory connection, but few physicians recognize the full impact of this.\nTests for depression\nThere are no laboratory tests that would define depression. However, every patient should receive a blood test to check for hypothyroidism, a common cause of depression. When the tests confirm hypothyroidism, the physician can easily treat this with thyroid hormone replacement.\nOtherwise the physician diagnoses depression by doing a mental status examination, history and review of symptoms. A good start is to ask: “In the past 2 weeks how little interest or pleasure in doing things have you had?” and “Have you been feeling down, depressed, or hopeless in the past 2 weeks?” (Ref.3).\nThere are detailed psychometric questionnaires available such as the Beck Depression Inventory that can assist the physician to establish the diagnosis.\nMyths of depression\nOne of the myths regarding depression is that it would be contagious. As a matter fo fact, a study on 2000 high school students showed that depression was not infective. The contrary was true: human interaction with friends who had a “healthy mood” improved depression. By the same token, when you constantly compare yourself with your Facebook friends, and you are not in the best mood, your mood may worsen and you could become depressed.\nTreatment of depression\nDespite advances in the treatment of depression the response rate with antidepressant therapy has a limit of 60% to 70%. According to Ref.4 inadequate dosing and misdiagnoses account for the fact that 30% to 40% of treated people with depression have treatment failures. Typically the first antidepressant involves a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), but newer trials have shown that the older monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) have a higher success rate when treating depression initially (Ref.4).\nFor example, a good antidepressant for mild to moderate depression is St. John’s wort, which is recommended by Ref. 5 as having less side-effects as other antidepressants.\nIn treating resistant depression the psychiatrist often employs other combinations of antidepressants. In addition the health professional recommends to add cognitive/behavioral therapy, which makes the overall treatment more successful. It goes without saying that complicated cases of depression belong into the hands of an experienced psychiatrist.\nSuicides\nUnfortunately a mental disease like depression still has a stigma attached to it. As a result many people are in deep denial about the fact that mental disease exists. Friends who do not understand depression may inadvertently say things that make the symptoms of the depressed person more severe and distance themselves at a time when they would need support from friends. The end result is that the patient feels lonely, misunderstood and that suicidal thoughts enter the mind. Men often resist seeking treatment for depression, women are better in seeking professional help and getting effective treatment.\nNeed for a psychiatrist to help prevent suicides\nThis is where a psychiatrist needs to intervene. If this does not happen, people start attempting suicide and finally commit suicide. In the US committed suicides have a gender ratio of male to female of 3:1 to 10:1. These situations become very difficult. The family needs to step in and talk to the patient. It is best to accompany the patient to the hospital for an assessment. You may want to go to the hospital in your private car or by ambulance. Don’t be shy to call 911 for an ambulance. Better to be cautious than have a major crisis that ends in completed suicide.\nAlternative depression treatments\nThere are alternative treatments for depression.\nMagnetic therapy for depression: This therapy is also called transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and was approved for Canada and in 2008 by the FDA. But it is not as powerful according to Ref. 3 as unitemporal electroconvulsive therapy.\nBifrontal electroconvulsive therapy (ECT): Electroconvulsive therapy with two pedals applied to the front of the skull appears to have the best results in terms of treating depression.\nOmega-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA) are powerful anti-inflammatory agents, which will take care of the inflammatory component of depression. Both fish oil and krill oil in combination give the optimal response as outlined here.\nVitamin D3 and light box therapy\nVitamin D3 is also anti-inflammatory and will contribute to an improvement with existing depression, but it also helps prevent the development of depression when taken in regularly as a supplement.\nLight box therapy: The observation of seasonal affective disorder (SADS) can develop as a result of lack of light. This has led to the discovery that light boxes are helpful for treating depression and also for prevention of depression due to seasonal affective disorder.\nThe patients should use a light box for 30 minutes every morning during the fall and winter months. The box should emit at least 10,000 lux. Improvement can occur within 2 to 4 days of starting light therapy, but often it takes up to 4 weeks to reach its full benefit.\nAvoid alcohol and too much sugar\nIt is known for a long time that alcohol is a depressant; it can actually cause depression and in persons with bipolar disease it can trigger a flare-up of that disorder as well.\nFinally it matters what you eat: sugar and too much starchy foods (high glycemic index carbs) lead to insulin overproduction and insulin resistance. This causes inflammation, and this will cause depression. As mentioned earlier it also lowers the two key brain transmitters, dopamine and serotonin.\nThe solution is an anti-inflammatory diet, the Mediterranean diet without sugar and high glycemic index carbs; only low glycemic index carbs are part of this diet. This will normalize insulin production and eliminates inflammation.\nB vitamins, electroacupuncture and exercise\nVitamin supplements: Folate and vitamin B12: Up to 1/3 of depressed people have folate deficiency. Supplementation with 400 mcg to 1 mg of folic acid often helps. Vitamin B12 should also be taken to not mask a B12 deficiency (Ref.5). Folate and vitamin B12 are methyl donors for several brain neuropeptides.\nThe symptoms of depression often improve with electro acupuncture, as shown in many studies. This treatment ameliorates the symptoms of depression and seems to work through the release of neurotransmitters in the brain (Ref.6).\nExercise on a regular basis helps to equalize the mood and seems to exert a slight anti-depressant effect on the person who engages in regular physical activity.\nDepression Needs Treatment\nConclusion\nI have attempted to show the complexity of depression and what we know about its causes and treatment. Very likely there are several causes for depression and further research will hopefully bring more clarity to this. Over the years psychiatrists have developed treatment modalities, both conventional and unconventional, by trial and error. The physician and patient need to use common sense: if a treatment is working, stick to it and use it. If it does not work, move on and try something else. More complex cases should be referred to a psychiatrist who has the most experience with patients that are difficult to treat. Do not neglect life-style factors and alternative depression treatments as they can often help to stabilize depression significantly. We all must be vigilant about suicide risks in depressed patients and act by calling 911, if necessary to intervene.\nMore info on depression: http://nethealthbook.com/mental-illness-mental-disorders/mood-disorders/depression/\nReferences\n1. Depression, Major: Fred F. Ferri M.D., F.A.C.P., Ferri’s Clinical Advisor 2016, by Elsevier, Inc.\n2. Dr. Datis Kharrazian: “Why Isn’t My Brain Working?” © 2013, Elephant Press, Carlsbad, CA 92011\n3. Goldman-Cecil Medicine “Major depressive disorder” 2016, by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.\n4. Massachusetts General Hospital Comprehensive Clinical Psychiatry, Second Edition: Theodore A. Stern MD, Maurizio Fava MD, Timothy E. Wilens MD and Jerrold F. Rosenbaum MD © 2016, Elsevier Inc.\n5. Rakel: Integrative Medicine, 3rd ed. © 2012 Saunders.\n6. George A. Ulett, M.D., Ph.D. and SongPing Han, B.M., Ph.D.: “The Biology of Acupuncture”, copyright 2002, Warren H. Green Inc., Saint Louis, Missouri, 63132 USA\nJan\n22\n2015\nLife Expectancy Is Influenced By Lifestyle\nBy Ray Schilling | Alzheimer’s disease, Anti-aging medicine, Arthritis, Autism, Fitness, Heart Disease, Hormones, Mental Health, Nutrition, Prevention, stem cells, Stroke, telomeres, Vitamins and supplements\nThe previous three blogs have dealt with telomeres, stem cells and lifestyle as a theme. In this blog you find summaries from three talks at the 22nd Annual World Congress on Anti-Aging Medicine In Las Vegas (Dec. 10-14, 2014) that dealt with telomere length and how nutrition can positively influence what our genes express, which ultimately determines how long we live. This is at the center of anti-aging medicine and this is why I dealt with it in some detail.\n1) Dr. Theodore Piliszek: “Personalized Genetics: Applying Genomics to General Health, Nutrition, and Lifestyle Modification”\nThe individual’s metabolism is different from one person to the next. | null | null | null | 3 | 7 | 2 |
Prescription drug DUPIXENT (dupilumab) – DrugFinder.ca\nDrugFinder\nDownload Drug Finder\nVIEW\nx\nFrançais\nSEARCH\nMEDICINE CABINET\nHEALTH RESOURCES\nLOGIN\nFrançais\nSEARCH\nMEDICINE CABINET\nHEALTH RESOURCES\nLOGIN\nBrand name (Generic drug name)\nDUPIXENT\nActive Ingredient: dupilumab\nDrug Class: Biologics\nRECOMMENDED\nby our expert panel\nTell me more\nThis drug is considered a \"specialty drug\". Tell me why\nThis drug is considered a \"specialty drug\". Specialty drugs are usually expensive, may need to be administered in a certain way, and often require ongoing assessments (appointments) to ensure the drug is working and to help manage side effects.\nThere may be other drugs that you can take first before taking this specialty drug.\nADD TO MEDICINE CABINET\nSAVE MY SEARCH\nDUPIXENT is used to treat\nEczema - Atopic Dermatitis\nbaidu\nReformulary DrugFinder™ provides built-in expert advice to help you make smart drug choices. Reformulary DrugFinder™ is a search tool for the Reformulary®, an evidence-based list of drugs that relies on the trusted advice of an independent panel of doctors and pharmacists. Our panel reviews massive amounts of research and evidence about thousands of drugs, and recommends drugs based on how well they work (clinical effectiveness) and how much they cost (cost-effectiveness).\nReformulary DrugFinder™\nMade by Canadians. For Canadians.\nNow the choice is yours.\nCONTACT US\nReformulary Group\[email protected]\nTerms Of Service\nPrivacy Policy\n© 2018 DrugFinder. All rights reserved. | 2019-04-24T13:59:44Z | "https://drugfinder.ca/Drug/DUPIXENT" | drugfinder.ca | 5 | 3 | 1 |
Gordon's Notes: Duct tape and warts: how the HECK does it work?\nGordon's Notes\nCommentary: politics, science, technology and humanity. Secular humanist.\nSaturday, January 12, 2008\nDuct tape and warts: how the HECK does it work?\nDuct tape as a wart treatment is not alternative medicine.\nReally. It's been studied a few times ... (emphasis mine):\nDuct Tape More Effective than Cryotherapy for Warts - February 1, 2003 - American Family Physician (KARL E. MILLER, M.D.)\nFocht DR III, et al. The efficacy of duct tape vs cryotherapy in the treatment of verruca vulgaris (the common wart). Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med October 2002;156:971-4.\nCommon warts (verruca vulgaris) are a common problem among patients who present in family physicians' offices. Although a significant number of warts will spontaneously resolve over two years, patients frequently request treatment to clear their skin of the lesions. Treatments such as cryotherapy, acid preparations, laser therapy, heat, and tape occlusion have been used in the management of warts, with cure rates ranging from 32 to 93 percent. However, most of these therapies are expensive, painful, or labor intensive. A few small, nonrandomized trials have studied the use of tape occlusion in wart treatment, with one study reporting cure rates of approximately 80 percent. Focht and associates compared the effectiveness of cryotherapy with duct tape applied to common warts.\nThe study was a prospective, randomized controlled trial with two treatment arms. Participants were patients three to 22 years of age who had viral warts and presented to a military clinic. Participants were randomized to receive cryotherapy or occlusive therapy with duct tape. Cryotherapy consisted of 10-second applications of liquid nitrogen to each wart every two to three weeks for a maximum of six treatments. The other group applied small pieces of duct tape to each wart. They were instructed to leave the tape in place for six days and were taught how to re-apply tape if it fell off. At the end of the sixth day, the patients removed the duct tape, soaked the wart in water, and gently debrided it with an emery board or pumice stone. The tape was left off overnight, then re-applied for another six days. This pattern was repeated for two months or until the wart resolved. Warts that did not resolve were measured. The main outcome measured was complete resolution of the wart.\nIn patients treated with duct tape, 85 percent of the warts completely resolved, compared with 60 percent in the cryotherapy group. These results were statistically significant. Resolution of warts treated with duct tape usually occurred within the first 28 days of therapy. If there was no response within the first two weeks, the warts were unlikely to respond to a longer course of therapy. The main adverse outcomes with duct-tape therapy were difficulty keeping the tape on the wart and minor skin irritation. The main adverse effect in the cryotherapy group was mild to severe pain at the freeze site during and after the treatment.\nThe authors conclude that duct tape occlusive therapy is more effective than cryotherapy in the treatment of common warts. They also state that duct tape therapy is less expensive and has fewer adverse effects than cryotherapy.\nThis business of treating warts in children with duct tape has been around for at least 16 years, but I've never really believed in it.\nIt's just so weird.\nThen my 8yo developed a quite impressive toe wart. A flowering exuberant growth. It bugged him, but there was absolutely no way he was going to have it incinerated or freeze-burned. No friggin' way.\nSo we tried the weird duct tape treatment. An old silver roll.\nOver the next few days, when we reapplied the tape, the wart started to look sickly. It's vessels appeared dusky, as though they were occluding. Then the entire toe started to appear mildly inflamed - swollen and red.\nThe next evening my son proudly displayed an impressive crater where the wart had been. It had fallen off. Within a few days the crater was gone, though I think there's some warty material remaining. (We're reapplying the tape.)\nOk, so there are skeptics, and if it does work then it's probably limited to children and adolescents with good immune systems. In these cases the immune system is perfectly capable of clobbering a wart, but first it has to recognize it as foreign.\nSo, how could it possibly work?\nThere, PubMed failed me. I couldn't find any interest in how this thing might work.\nDoesn't that display a certain lack of imagination? Viral warts have many of the properties of tumors, and of course immune tolerance and rejection is important. Heck, apoptosis is still somewhat fashionable. Isn't anyone interested in how this treatment actually works?\nI suspect this one runs into three problems:\nIt's so weird that most researchers don't believe it works.\nIf it works they figure this is some kind of \"mind over immunology\" thing, and there's no tenure in chasing that one.\nDuct tape is cheap.\nWe need a bored tenured faculty person with an animal lab to study this in animals. If we found that duct tape cured animal warts we'd then be able to figure out what it's doing.\nUpdate 8/31/08: The comments are interesting. I particularly like the suggestion a few degree change in local temperature might be enough to impact the wart/body war, though it's fair to mention that plantar warts thrive in a pretty warm environment.\nPosted by JGF at 1/12/2008\nEmail ThisBlogThis!Share to TwitterShare to FacebookShare to Pinterest\nLabels: medicine, science\n144 comments:\ncathy said...\nI use duct tape on corns - it works more gently than commercial corn removers. I started when I wanted to tape up my foot for something else and duct tape was all I had. I assumed it worked because of some ingredient in the adhesive. Who needs insurance when we have duct tape?\n1/14/08, 7:05 AM\nAnonymous said...\nGreat post, it should be forwarded to Garrison Keillor to enliven his “message from the American Duct Tape Council.” On The Prairie Home Companion Show!\nAlan\n1/15/08, 11:52 AM\nAnonymous said...\nGreat post, it should be forwarded to Garrison Keillor to enliven his “message from the American Duct Tape Council.” On The Prairie Home Companion Show!\nAlan\n1/15/08, 11:53 AM\nDavid said...\nDoesn't the duct tape just starve them of oxygen?\n1/21/08, 1:55 PM\nJohn Gordon said...\nHi David! In theory the wart gets its oxygen through its vessels. Actually, I wonder about some nasty industrial contaminant. Cadmium?\n1/21/08, 9:14 PM\nEd Johnson said...\nMy guess was that it had to do with a component of the adhesive. Someone should conduct a study with the old-fashioned original duct tape, one or two newer brands (Scotch, etc.), and a control group. I'd bet the old silver stuff works the best.\n8/23/08, 12:32 PM\nEd Johnson said...\nI've always presumed it had to do with a component of the adhesive or the material that was used as part of the backing (fiberglass?) It would certainly explain why the original stuff worked better than the transparent tape. Someone should do a study of this involving the original duct tape, one or two of the newer brands (Scotch, etc.), and a control group. My guess would be the old silver stuff would work best.\n8/23/08, 12:35 PM\nRobert said...\nI'm certainly no doctor; but I might be able to offer a possible explanation:\nWarts are caused by a virus.\nMost virii are heat-labile at barely above body temperature (about 109 degrees).\nPerhaps the duct tape creates a local 'hot spot' that eliminates the virus; and the body takes care of the actual wart tissue...\n8/31/08, 5:54 AM\nJohn Gordon said...\nRobert,\nI think that's a very interesting hypothesis.\nCertainly seems testable. The balance between the war and the immune system is fairly fine, so a small shift could make a difference.\nOxygen levels in the wart might also differ, leading to increased necrosis, etc.\n8/31/08, 10:09 AM\npae said...\nduck tape works. I just got rid of 2 warts i had for many years. i think it works by alerting the immune system by covering the wart. By covering the wart, it makes it like its inside the body, and not on the exterior. Just my opinion, but it worked. many thanks to duck tape. tim\n9/30/08, 12:34 PM\ndavid said...\nSince this thread is still alive - which isn't bad for being nine months old - I thought I'd add that I was listening to a podcast for WNYC's radiolab on the placebo effect which was completely fascinating. http://www.wnyc.org/shows/radiolab/episodes/2008/01/04 Apparently amongst the many surprising things placebos can help with are warts!\nI never would have thought that possible. Who knows what secrets lie hidden in duct tape?\n10/2/08, 1:22 PM\nJohn Gordon said...\nHi David,\nI think it's the nature of this blog that I get very long lived comment threads -- probably because most people read it via google searches.\nHypnotism also works pretty well for some warts, it usually aligns with placebo (same mechanism).\nWarts are fascinating and weird.\nSo the duct tape effect could be placebo, but there's nothing wrong with that. Placebo is a very good thing, in the right hands there can be few side-effects.\n(Most people forget that if placebo can have benefits, it can also have ... toxicity.)\n10/2/08, 1:41 PM\nadam said...\nI just started duct tape therapy yesterday on a wart that has been on my finger for 6 or 7 years. Already it is really sore and tender. I will keep you all posted.\n10/8/08, 5:38 PM\nPatrick Gregory said...\nI've been trying it to, adam, but i swim twice a day for 2 hours (four hours in the water monday-saturday) so i'm not sure if the pool water has gotten under it. Anyone think that's preventing it from working?\n10/9/08, 4:00 PM\nThe Legacy said...\nMaybe it has to do with the fact that Duct Tape doesn't allow oxygen in? I believe people have died when their skin is covered in the stuff. It's worth looking into, and would make sense.\n10/14/08, 4:07 AM\nJo said...\nHelp needed! I started duct tape on several warts on my foot almost two weeks ago. I am seeing progress. Because readers know warts are \"fascinating and weird\", here goes: when I take off the tape, a patch of dead skin with a little ball in the center has come off with it a couple of times. The skin of the foot it left is pink and has a white little crater. I haven't seen any sign of the black root so far in these. Do I keep putting duct tape over the crater or is the wart gone with that little ball? Yeah, basic question: how do you know if the wart is gone? Thanks!\n12/10/08, 4:26 PM\nAnonymous said...\nI have had a wart on the tip of my 3rd toe for more than 12 years. I have gone to many a doctor, and spent alot of money, for no results. Its like one of those flowering ones. I happened to find this blog and I was excited to read about the duct tape. I had nothing to lose so all I could find was electrical tape, and I decided to try that. Well I just took it off after a week, and boy what a difference! It is fifty percent gone. I also put finger nail polish all over it before I taped it up. So now I soaked it in epsom salt for 30 min, and put the nail polish on it again, and the tape. Will check on it in a week, so far so good. THis is all about smothering I think, and I am really smothering it with combination of nail polish and tape.. Will get back to you in a week and let you know how it is going. Good Luck\n12/20/08, 1:45 PM\nAnonymous said...\nThere's an alternative use of duct tape for wart removal that might help the twice a day swimmer. From\nhttp://www.drdaveanddee.com/warts.html:\n\"Apply over-the-counter salicylic acid wart remover liquid to the wart before bedtime. After letting it air dry for a minute or so, apply the duct tape over the wart, completely covering the area. Remove the duct tape the following morning. Each time they remove the tape, they are debriding some of the wart tissue. Repeat the application each night, until there is no remaining wart tissue.\"\n12/29/08, 12:05 PM\nAnonymous said...\nI started plain old silver duct tape 3 days ago on a wart that I have had for 8 years.\nThe wart is located in the bend under my big toe. It flowered into about 6 of them over the past 2 years....\nI finally decided it was time to try the duct tape \"myth\".\nToday I pulled out 2 little black specs and I see one erupting from beneath my skin! I can hardly believe my eyes!\nMy skin around it hasn't been red or irritated at all, just white and oxygen deprived like I've been swimming for days! lol...\nSo I'll come back in a week and let you know how my progress is!\nAnd Oh yeah, I found this via google search! First entry. Whoo hoo for you Blogger!\n1/28/09, 5:00 PM\nAli said...\nhttp://www.usatoday.com/news/health/2007-03-19-duct-tape_N.htm\n1/28/09, 5:03 PM\nAnonymous said...\nI just got back from the doctor who treated me for a wart I've had for over a year. He gave me a local anesthetic and then \"stabbed\" at it with a needle. I was told to put duct tape on it for 3-4 weeks, no peeking.\nHe explained that the stab riles up the immune system, getting it to attack the wart.\nBUT.... I still don't get how the duct tape works and what it does!\n2/25/09, 10:00 PM\njdash said...\nWhat I've read elsewhere, and I haven't saved the links to cite sources but, the duct tape causes irritation at and around the wart site. The irritation causes some sort of inflammation that alerts the immune system to the site. I suppose at this time the immune system identifies the virus infected tissue as the source of the irritation and works to destroy it. Otherwise the virus appears to in many circumstances circumvent the immune system. I have two plantar warts on the bottom of my foot- one at the heel and the other at the ball of the foot. The heel wart has been there for at least 16 to 18 years- yes that's right more than half my life. The other has been there for probably only 10. I have had laser treatment, burn out, dr cut out and dr cryotherapy (the real stuff, liquid nitrogen) to no avail. I have tried every home remedy product on the market, compound W, freeze methods, self directed cutting it. As far as acid treatments go I have found the Duane Reade brand of salycitic acid to work best although obviously did not cure me. I have been working using duct tape for about a week- when the tape comes off I replace it but I can't say that I have so far noticed any major impact on the \"health\" of the wart.\nIf you suffer from persistent warts like I have then just know I feel your pain. It is unsightly, embarrassing and sometimes painful. Not to mention expensive to try to treat. If this duct tape thing works I will be so excited I may not kick myself for not knowing about this sooner.\nI won't promise I'll post back as others have done and not- but maybe I will post my progress.\n3/19/09, 11:59 PM\nAnonmyous said...\nI had plantar warts on two adjacent toes a few years ago for at least several months. I used transparent adhesive tape (what would be called cello-tape, except it was a different brand) instead of duct tape. I used to open it up once a day, wash and abrade the site (making sure not to abrade so much that it bled) and then tape it back up again. In each case, about a week to 10 days was sufficient to eliminate the wart in question.\nI was initially skeptical about it, so started off with only one toe. I used it on the second toe only after being successful with the first one. So, I suspect that there is a 'real' effect, not a placebo. Cos otherwise the placebo effect whatever its mechanism, would have to be discriminating enough to work on one toe while leaving the adjacent one unaffected.\n4/17/09, 4:21 PM\nkelsey said...\ni just put the duct tape on the 2 warts i have on my hand after searching on google and reading various articles including this one.\nim hoping it will work, i had 2 warts when i was really little and i got over the counter stuff to get rid of them, and now they're back..so i'm hoping this will make them disappear.\n4/21/09, 3:36 PM\nAnonymous said...\nThe HPV virus that causes warts tends to accumulate in the avascular (i.e. no blood vessel) layers of the outer epidermis and this is where it proliferates and grows. Unfortunately, since our bodies immune cells are located in the bloodstream, they cannot migrate out into the area where the virus is located because it is effectively hidden. Applying duct tape to the region causes an inflammation of the skin, which leads to a local reaction that releases the immune system mediators to dilate the blood vessels and cause the immune cells to diapedese (or move) into the area where the wart is located. Now the body is able to recognize that a foreign wart is residing in the skin and it calls for a huge immune response which ultimatly results in the death of the virus.\n5/5/09, 4:41 PM\nJohn Gordon said...\nThat one sounded pretty interesting. Is it published?\n5/5/09, 5:00 PM\njdash said...\nI've always heard that the black \"seeds\" or spots commonly found in plantar warts are dried blood cells and that the wart actually gets nourishment from the blood this way. What you said sounds good but I can verify the existence of capillaries reaching into the infected layer of wart as I've seen it on my foot.\nWhile I'm at it I can update my progress which is to say that on one of my 2 warts I have had improvement by it shrinking. The other did not seem to be as affected. I'm continuing treatment with duct tape in cycles going on a few weeks and off a week. I'm going to start adding a some cotton soaked in apple vinegar to the top of the wart before I duct tape it. I've also heard eating alot of cabbage can help. I am determined to rid myself of these things. One word of caution, somehow the duct tape after a few weeks of application caused a deep infection around the edge of the wart on my heel. It was really very painful and I couldn't walk right for 4 days. Eventually it boiled up and it was puss filled. I drained it but I don't know what the cause of that reaction was. My suggestion is that if you get this painful reaction you stop and wait for it to subside. The wart treatment is a process.\n5/5/09, 7:13 PM\nAnonymous said...\nMy 6yr old son had many warts, which included two on his face which really upset him. My naturopath friend encouraged me to apply lemon oil 5 times a day to the warts and apply duct tape at night when he went to bed. I have to be honest and admit that i dint stick stringently to her advice, however around two weeks afterwards, i noticed that not only the warts thath i had applied the duct tape and lemon oil too, but ALL of his many warts were noticably shrinking, they all eventually dissapeared, they didnt \"fall\" off, rather they shrank back into his body. I always attributed it to the lemon oil, as this is waht my friend had said would remove the warts, but now im thinking that perhaps it was the Duct tape that had the most effect? pretty amazing stuff anyway.\n5/6/09, 3:31 AM\nAnonymous said...\nMy Dr. told me to try duct tape for a wart that i had on my finger. I had the thing for like two years and it was bothering me crazy! I had it on for the first four days and i already saw a decrease in size and it became softer and less painful when it came in contact with things, so within a couple of weeks the wart fell off! So i wonder what else duct tape cures!\n5/8/09, 12:15 PM\nAnnette said...\nLeaning that this little white bump (the size of a sesame seed) on the inside of my right thumb knuckle, I’ve have for two years was a wart - freaked me out! I’m 58 (female) and not vain, but I have hand-modeled in the past, so keeping my hands and nails attractive has been important to me. While at the doctors office last Friday, I casually mention the bump – Yep, you got a wart! I had always envisioned warts as ugly, scabby, dime size masses, kids got from playing with frogs (kidding). This was so tiny, hard and bothersome (didn’t hurt) just an area that I fiddled with endlessly. My Doctor froze the area with liquid nitrogen and told me to wrap in with duct tape and replace the tape often, as it would not stick after the hand washing. With in hours the area blister, erupting larger and larger over the weekend (but never hurt), finally it ruptured. (Sorry, gross I know) I was curious so I peeled back the dead skin and revealed the little white bump attached to the dead skin. I cut it off with sterile nail scissors and dapped the area with Neosporin® and replaced the duct tape. The area is raw and red from the freezing but it healing nicely. I’m keeping the area covered with the tape and to insure the tape stays in place, I’ve covered it with a band-aid (I get less questions from co-workers that way too), but leaving it uncovered at night. Thanks for everyone’s in-put, it’s helped me. Should have gone on-line first and just tried the tape, can’t wait to get the doctor bill.\n5/12/09, 7:29 PM\nMelanie said...\nI was very apprehensive when my family physician told me to put duct tape on my wart instead of referring me to a dermotologist, but I'm so glad she did because I'm sure it saved me money!! I don't know how or why it works, and honestly I don't care...I'm just thankful it has!!\n5/15/09, 10:19 PM\nThe Davii said...\nBeing Canadian, when I came with a huge wart on my foot which I let grow a fester in my work boots I eventually went to see a doctor. I mention being Canadian because my doctor's visits cost me nothing, but the continuous nitrogen treatment was so painful that I could no longer bear to go and see the doctor anymore. After a particularly painful episode, I told the doctor I was just going to have to live with the wart (he had gotten aggressive with the nitrogen which ended up with a huge blood blister on my foot and me unable to walk for a week). He then told me to give duct tape a try.\nHis reasoning, and this was about 8 years ago now, was that in his reading he had read a bunch of theories that something in pine-tar acted to kill off the warts combined with the increased heat and moisture from having the wart covered in duct tape. Pine tar is an ingredient used in the adhesive backing of duct tape of course.\nLiterally a loonie-sized (bigger than a quarter) wart on the bottom of my foot went away after weeks of attempting to kill it the conventional way. My doctor's advice - leave the tape on, change it only after showers and give it a day to breathe once a week. I just kept it clean and removed any dead bits as time progressed and eventually it fell out in chunks.\n8 years later now we're going to try it with someone else I know, but only thing we have here (in Africa) is Gorilla Tape. Stronger than duct tape, so we'll see if it works as well and if it does, if pine-tar is present or not in the adhesive.\n5/18/09, 1:40 PM\nJohn Gordon said...\nThat's the first I've personally heard that pine tar was a Duct Tape ingredient. A quick Google search didn't turn up anything.\nI'd mark this one down as unlikely, but who knows.\nI have to say, this post does get a bit of traffic.\n5/18/09, 3:41 PM\nAnonymous said...\ni have had a patch of verrucas on my right foot for the past 5 or so years, ive honestly lost track. im 16 and am hugely embarrassed of them, i even sleep with socks on so no one sees.\ni have tried most home remedies on them but none have worked. i tried banana skin but that was messy and, not surprisingly, make you smell of banana. not nice. i started to use duct tape a few months ago but it just seemed to make the verrucas big and soggy like being in a bath too long. the thought that they might grow in size scared me to stop using the duct tape. :/\nanyway, im going to try the clear nail varnish, if the suffocation theory is correct, this should be just as good as duct tape.\nregarding the anonymous comment who was \"stabbed\", i have doubts about this theory, just because out of sheer annoyance and desperation over the years i have stabbed/cut/picked at my verrucas a few times. grrr.\n6/2/09, 5:09 PM\nAnonymous said...\nJust starting my duct tape today....i've had a pencil eraser sized wart on the bottom of my foot for the past two years and I always meant to try duct tape. This thread has convinced me to do it!\n6/18/09, 10:11 AM\nAnonymous said...\nIf pine tar is in wood varnish as well as duct tape, I'm convinced that's the effective ingredient. As a child, I had a pencil-eraser-diameter wart on a knuckle for several years. It looked like a little cauliflower. It hurt when bumped, which was often, given its location. I unintentionally got furniture varnish on my hands during a woodworking project one afternoon. The very next morning, the wart was drastically flatter, smaller, and less painful. The varnish wore off over a couple of days, and the wart was entirely gone in perhaps a week.\n6/29/09, 7:38 AM\nAnonymous said...\nA few weeks ago I developed a painful wart on the side of my third toe. I believe it is from dancing at prom with my shoes off. eh. I kinda left it lone for awhile thinking that it would go away on it's own. Wrong. I tried the wart bandages from CVS with the acid but all that did was fry the skin around the wart. I've tried duct tape and every time I replace it, the wart looks a little smaller. Each time, I use a nail file (same one everytime, not for nails anymore) and file of a layer of dead stuff. It seems to be working! Its a little slow though and Im thinking of trying nail polish as well.\n7/2/09, 10:10 AM\nAnonymous said...\nMy 8 year old son is an avid hockey player and he had a huge wart on his big toe. Because he didn't want to stop playing hockey for several weeks after a \"lazer treatment\", we decided to try the duct tape option. We were amazed at how well it worked (we used a little compound W, too!!) After about two or three weeks, the wart(s) just fell off...My other son is next...\n7/2/09, 5:21 PM\nAnonymous said...\nAfter reading all of these success stories, I finally decided to give this a try. I am only on my second day of treatment, but am determined to continue until the wart is gone, gone, GONE. I hate the wart, it is so unsightly (right on my knee) . . . :( So I sure hope that this works -- Wish me luck!\n7/5/09, 12:06 PM\nあじ said...\nI'm 30, and the duct tape method has worked great for me on several occasions when freezing does not. So far everyone I've suggested it to experienced similar results (I use the gray stuff). I think this method should be the first resort for most people because it's cheap and relatively painless (except when picking out dead skin).\n7/10/09, 8:30 AM\nLinda said...\nI might as well chime in too. I had this weird mysterious \"thing\" on my foot several years ago that I thought was a corn at first. But I've had corns in the past and this just didn't look anything like it. After much research, I concluded that it must have been a plantar's wart. Nothing as severe as all the images on the web (seriously...GROSS. How could anyone allow warts to get so out of control?), but still irritating.\nAnywaym, I read about this duct tape method and like many others, was just like \"Huh?\" But I liked the cheapness and practicality of such a thing and gave it a shot. I can't recall how LONG I treated it for, but I'm certain it was over the course of maybe a month or two. I followed it exactly as one of the websites said. Leaving it on, taking it off to file off dead skin, and replacing it all over again.\nInitially, the area looks even worse cuz it turns all white and weird looking, but it's all part of the process. I'm still amazed that something as simple as duct tape was what worked for that annoying little bump. It has never returned after that. Now I'm trying to suggest the same thing to my sister who has a mysterious growth on her foot as well, but she's thinking it's a pretty weird method. Oh well!\n7/22/09, 1:59 AM\nAnonymous said...\nHi!\nI have been putting duct tape on a couple of warts on the heel of my foot for a few months, only about 3 days a week. I wear sandals in the summer, and dont like having it on my foot when I go out. How much do I need to be putting on and how often? I have been putting it all the way across the bottom of my foot because It tends to fall off during the day otherwise. What else does duct tape work on?\n8/2/09, 9:19 PM\nsharaabi said...\nI have a subungual wart on my right thumb right now which is partly (almost half) exposed at the tip of the nail. I am trying the duct tape treatment for 2 days now lets see... might not work since i dont have the entire wart covered by it..\nanyway, so we are all wondering how the duct tape works on warts. what about how we discovered it? Did some random clueless chump get a wart and had no idea what it was and didn't have bandage so put the closest thing he had to a bandage - duct tape - on the wart? And since most people say it takes at least a few days if not a few weeks for the wart to go, did this guy keep the duct tape on for days without trying to hook himself up with a bandage? but was smart enough to make sure that the world knew...\n8/21/09, 4:09 PM\nkarab819 said...\nSo for all of you who have tried duct tape how many have had the unsightly thing return? I have tried just about every over the counter product they sell and it seems to come back each and every time. I went to my doctor and she froze them and instructed me to use duct tape or moleskin (for blisters) for 7 days then let it breath for 1 night and reapply. I have to go back to have it frozen in a month. So like I said I was wondering how successful this has been for everyone? Did it come back at all? :) Thanks!\n8/26/09, 5:58 AM\nmargaret said...\nHi there,\nI have been suffering from warts all my life and have not bothered too much with them until about 3 years ago...I got one on my FACE!!\nI tried the apple cider vinegar cure but that was really painful and made the wart scab. Just recently I managed to find duct-tape (I live in Italy) and have been putting a little patch on the wart when I go to bed at night. After a couple of days I could see that the wart has shrunk!\nI'm going to be more diligent and keep the duct-tape on whenever I can. I do promise to come back and let you know if I have any developments.\nMy only fear is that there might be side-effects. Does anyone know of any?\nThanks!\n9/11/09, 1:19 PM\nAnonymous said...\nI too have warts on my fingers, they are unsightly and quite often am disgusted to think i have a virus...although i know every one has HPV in some form. Anyway I googled ways to get rid of warts and most ways are to freeze them...now i have had them for many years and have tried everything from banana peel to potato peel, mince (premium mince rubbed on it and planted in the ground as it rots so does the wart) it kind of worked but i think birds got the mince. and since i am breastfreeding (tmi i know) i cant use the freezing method which doesnt work anyway i decided to try the duct tape, i am 3 days in and it has already shrank, i'll try to keep posting my progress. so far so good\n9/13/09, 2:03 AM\nAnonymous said...\nIT WORKS IT WORKS IT WORKS\nI had a very large cluster of warts on my right big toe for about 5 years. It started out as a cluster of 4 or so any eventually grew to about 30 or so.\nPrevious to trying duct-tape, I had tried Salicylic acid, and cryotherapy.\nI even had tried duct tape before, for about 3 weeks and not as diligently as I should have. The first time it didn't work, but the second time it very much worked. Here is what I did:\nI duct-taped my toe completely (I have sweaty feet and smaller amounts of tape would slide off)\nand would leave the tape on from monday to sunday morning. I would leave it on even when working out, showering etc.\nOn the sunday I would take a pumice stone and scrape the dead skin off of the toe, of which there was quite a bit.\non the 5th or 6th week (can't remember which) I took the tape off and started to scrape the skin off with the pumice stone, and noticed my toe was REALLY sensitive, tickelish. When I put my glasses on to look at my toe, I noticed the warts were gone... just 'disappeared' kind of way... it really was that dramatic... that was about a month ago and they haven't come back since...\nDefinitely try this method, it worked for me, was convenient, and very very cheap!\n9/25/09, 7:00 PM\nAnonymous said...\nDuct tape supposedly works by causing an \"irritation\" on the skin, which kicks in the immune system. This in turn, knocks out the virus.\n10/4/09, 9:29 PM\nAnonymous said...\nI have had several warts in the past couple years and they usually show up on my fingers. I've had pretty much every removal process done(like i said I've had many over the years) and the duct tape one definitely works the best. (and its the least painful!) For those who think people give you crazy looks try the different colors of duct tape. The Duck Tape brand makes all kinds of colors, teal, hot pink, bright orange, plaid. They end up looking just like a bandaid.\n10/21/09, 1:17 AM\nwolfie said...\nWell, I guess ill try this on my little old freind who lives on the back of my hand, I've had it since I was like 5, I've tried all the treatments, and well I guess I've just, givin' up accepted it although, I guess I can part with it cause it's been getting a little weird, the skin around it looks to be getting rougher.\nThe only thing is, I need some duct tape.\n11/4/09, 6:20 PM\nJennifer said...\nI am in the process of using this method right now on about a quarter-sized plantars wart on the ball of my foot - my mother's dermatologist advised me of using duct tape/Compound W if I didn't want to have it cut out again (as I did about 2 years ago...and of course it came back).\nAnother important thing she noted was that I had to disinfect my shower with Clorox so as not to let the fungus and virus continue to grow. Also, she told me to put a small amount of lysol on a paper towel and clean the sole of my shoes that I've worn to work, etc. without socks. I wear heels and flip flops all the time with the bottom of my foot directly touching my shower and shoes. Worse, I'm a dancer...\nBe sure to disinfect anything the wart touches on a regular basis (for your hands - laptop mouses, regular mouses, cell phones, etc.) :) It's a viral fungus and will spread if you don't clean your stuff.\n12/9/09, 9:02 PM\nAnonymous said...\nive had the same wart for about seven years now on my right hand ring finger at the second joint. Ive tried duct tape, cutting it off, nail polish, i even went to the doctors for Liquid nitrogen. Which seemed to work, the blister came up under the wart and removed it with the typical crater. it healed and i thought that was it, but no it came back in like a month.\nIve never really been that committed about getting rid of it before but today in health class I saw the nastier strains of HPV and that just kinda freaked me out a bit.\nSo I went a little overboard today and attacked the wart about five times with the liquid nitrogen kit, tomorrow I'm going to start with the corresponding liquid wart remover (Dr Scholl's dual(freezing and liquid) action wart remover) and duct tape. I hope to be rid of it in a month or sooner and I'll post back when/ if it goes away.\nthe success stories here have encouraged me to try again, thanks!\n~Mark\n1/6/10, 7:49 PM\nAnonymous said...\nI'm just trying this on a wart on my wrist scar, hope it works. I got rid of another one in an odd way years ago though. I had one on my inner ankle forever, and happened to get a compound fracture in my tibea at that spot one day. After the surgery scar healed up, one day the scab peeled off, and out came the whole wart with the scab, it had a perfect white root, about 1/4 inch long. I was so happy, but what a way to get rid of it!\n1/15/10, 5:10 PM\nAnonymous said...\nThe wart needs to breathe and the duct tape stops it from breathing. It's that simply folks. I got rid of a wart when I was a kid by cutting the top and applying liquid white out for about two weeks and it's never come back.\n1/25/10, 2:28 PM\nAnonymous said...\nThe reason warts don't go away is because your immune system ignores it/doesn't recognize it. This is why meditation and focusing on the wart during meditation will make it fall off (the focusing during meditation focuses your t cells or white bloods cell or whatever it is to the wart's location.) Because of this I believe that something in the adhesive of the tape causes enough irritation on the skin to attract your body's defensive cells to that location and end up attacking the virus of the wart. Just a theory.\n2/11/10, 8:28 PM\nMichael said...\nI started the duct tape method three days ago after having the dr. freeze the wart. My wart is located on the bottom of my right big toe. I have changed the tape a few times after taking a shower. The wart is white and looks like it is suffocating.\nHopefully this method work out. All the post are encouraging and keep me very optimistic.\n2/14/10, 1:19 AM\nZtug said...\nHi All,\nI have had warts come and go since I was 5. I bit some off as a kid, picked some to death, used wart remover on some and had the Dr. freeze some. I found that the best reatment, if in a not too sensative place, was to use dry ice. Using insulated gloves, hold it against the wart. Try to use a chip with a point so as to not freeze much of the surronding area. Hold it there till the wart is frozen rock hard. I believe that this works better, usually 1 treatment, than liquid nitrogen, is that even thought dry ice may not be quite as cold as the liquid form, it freezes deeper and gets the roots ( blood supply) of the wart better.\nI know have one on the thin skin just below my lower eye lid and am affraid to use this method. So I'm trying duct tape. After just a couple of days the wart has shrunken quite a bit. It has the typical apearence of water logged skin, like under a banage after spending time in a pool. A little red irritation but not painful. It looks like it may just work.\nMay be a combination of several of the factors that people have mentioned.\nI don't believe in Hypnotism or the Placeabo effect, People have tried to put me under with out success, and no I wasn't fighting it. I don't think all the sugar pills in the world are going to make a wart go away.\nI would lean toward the temperature increase, the initiation of an immune response that the wart it's self doesn't natually do, oxygen deprevation or even a reaction to a chemical in the glue or a combination as the way it functions. I'll post another success story (hopefully) in a few weeks.\n2/27/10, 9:39 AM\nAnonymous said...\nMy husband was in the Swedish army 20 years ago and they used duct tape for warts! I wonder if just get too stuck on \"medicine\" being the only way to solve what ails us? There must be other ways to get the body to respond/react and be cured?\n2/28/10, 7:38 PM\nAnonymous said...\nI have had a subungual wart for over five years now and like everyone else have tried everything. I have frozen if off countless times and the amount of acid I have used I am surprised I still have a thumb left. In recent weeks I have heard about the duct tape theory so am finally trying it. I have just put it on ( I have a bright silver thumb) but it's worth it if I finally get rid of the thing.\n3/29/10, 6:38 AM\nAnonymous said...\nIf it's all about smothering the wart and depriving it from oxygen...what about putting a dab of super glue over it? I've worked with super glue a lot over the years and sometimes I get it on the tips of my fingers and it seals shut the gap under my finger nails. I bet you could create a seal over the wart. Plus, it's clear so you can avoid people asking you why you have duct tape on you :)\n4/18/10, 3:21 PM\nAnonymous said...\nMy doctor says the duct tape triggers the body's immune system and that's why it works.\n4/24/10, 1:38 PM\nAnonymous said...\nDoes anyone know if this would work with chalazions on the eyelids? I don't know if those are related to warts.\nMeredith\n5/4/10, 4:46 PM\nJohn Gordon said...\nYikes. Chalazions are not warts.\nGoogle is your friend: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chalazion\nDuct tape doesn't cure everything. Don't duct tape your lids.\nEven on plantar warts any effect could be placebo/suggestion/illusion. Warts are funny things.\n5/4/10, 4:54 PM\nChristi said...\nI heard about this and tried it on my daughter - and it worked, all of her warts are gone. In treating my daughter, I developed a wart on my thumb - a week of duct tape killed it. No adverse effects to our skin at all.\nI read that it starves the wart of outside sources of oxygen, and causes the blood vessels to grow into the wart, which gives the body's immune system the chance to attack and kill it.\n5/15/10, 3:20 PM\nAnonymous said...\nI cant say anything about duck tape however.... Just last night my Brother whom sufferd with warts severly most of his life, told me he had the cure for the one that I aquired on my leg that had grown to the size of a pencil eraser. I didnt let it bother me until it made Shaving around it difficult. He told me to get a #2 pencil and a lighter. After heating the Super Sharp pencil for about a minute er two he (while still hot) Stabbed the wart dead center. Honestly I didnt belive this would work but considering I dont have insurance I thought what the heck worse case it doesnt work no harm no foul. Folks on everything I love... Literally within Minutes.. thats right miuntes!! It fell right off!!! No Pain n just a small red spot where it was. To which he said would be all gone in a few days.Ive had this thing for two years and nothing has worked NOT Anything. So to conclude if ur not sqeemish and want results NOW! Verses weeks and months. This method is AMAZING!! I would recomend it to everyone!!\n6/4/10, 2:56 PM\nAnonymous said...\nI just started the duct tape therapy on my 5 year old daughter's foot. We went to Target and I let her pick out her duct tape color - of course she picked out hot pink!!\nHer pediatrician also suggested putting an uncoated baby aspirin under the duct tape on top of the wart. Some of the research I did on the web mentioned salicylic acid which is very similar to the active ingredient in aspirin right? Can't hurt...I will let you know.\n8/3/10, 10:19 PM\nAnon said...\nOk so I read a lot of articles on the net and all and have decided to do it too.\nThe only thing I'm confused about is how I'm supposed to keep duct tape on it for 6 days while showering?\nAnd also, the tape doesn't seem to stick to my warts too well...I've put skin colored tape on top of the duct tape, but I hope it's not the direct sticking that cures them because it seems like it's touching but being held there more by the skin colored tape than the duct tape.\n8/6/10, 5:19 PM\nSonikh said...\nAfter a couple of years with growing out-of-control plantar warts on my big and second toes, my wife set an appointment with a doctor. BIG MISTAKE!!! He gave me a prescription for stomach ulcers that apparently helps with warts and also applied and acid that left me in a miserable state for 3 days in a row and with blisters for over a week! The side effects of the prescription were not good either. I stopped the prescription and changed doctors. This new one, applied a different type of acid and was supposed to see her every two weeks. After 6 weeks of making it worse (where I had blisters now I had painful mosaic warts!) and dealing with 3 days in a row of hardly being able to walk, I decided to do a thorough research on the web and avoid the pain, too!\nEven my health insurance website suggest the use of duct tape! so I decided to give it a try.\nIt's been 3 weeks now and the results are unbelievable. The smaller mosaics are basically gone, and the largest one (used to be about 1x2 in in size) is starting to look much better).\nMy technique is this: After soaking for 15 minutes in 12oz of water with Epsom salts, two drops of vitamin A (10,000 UI) and two drops of concentrated grapefruit seed extract (i.e. Agrisept or Citricidal)\nI then use a pumice stone to remove the excess skin on top of the warts. Avoid doing it too hard that leaves the skin too sensitive and avoid bleeding!!! Let dry and apply tea tree oil. Leave it uncovered overnight. The next day, the skin is rough and the duct tape will stick very well to the warts.\nTo shower, I use \"finger gloves\" those used in the kitchen (watch out if you are sensitive to latex). Wear it on the respective toes (which keeps them quite dry, particularly the big toe). In this way you can wash the rest of the foot without getting your toes wet.\nTo help my immune system combat the virus and renew the skin, I followed some nurse's instructions on a website about taking 25,000IU of Vitamin A for 10 days (in 3 doses). I also as per my physician's recommendation increased my vitamin D3 intake to 7,000 IU a day. This also helps your immune system overall.\nMany people forget that homeopathy works! So I also got Thuja Forte and dissolve one tablet under the tongue three times a day, I will be doing this for 3 months as per another website.\nSince I started doing this, I am seeing positive results every week I use the pumice stone, I don't have pain, and can continue to exercise and walk regularly.\nThe two words in my mind right now: Patience and Perseverance.\n9/6/10, 6:44 PM\nsonikh said...\nMy technique is this: After soaking for 15 minutes in 12oz of water with Epsom salts, two drops of vitamin A (10,000 UI) and two drops of concentrated grapefruit seed extract (i.e. Agrisept or Citricidal)\nI then use a pumice stone to remove the excess skin on top of the warts. Avoid doing it too hard that leaves the skin too sensitive and avoid bleeding!!! Let dry and apply tea tree oil. Leave it uncovered overnight. The next day, the skin is rough and the duct tape will stick very well to the warts. Then leave covered for 6 days and repeat.\nTo shower, I use \"finger gloves\" those used in the kitchen (watch out if you are sensitive to latex). Wear it on the respective toes (which keeps them quite dry, particularly the big toe). In this way you can wash the rest of the foot without getting your toes wet.\nTo help my immune system combat the virus and renew the skin, I followed some nurse's instructions on a website about taking 25,000IU of Vitamin A for 10 days (in 3 doses). I also as per my physician's recommendation increased my vitamin D3 intake to 7,000 IU a day. This also helps your immune system overall.\nMany people forget that homeopathy works! So I also got Thuja Forte and dissolve one tablet under the tongue three times a day, I will be doing this for 3 months as per another website.\nSince I started doing this, I am seeing positive results every week I use the pumice stone, I don't have pain, and can continue to exercise and walk regularly.\nThe two words in my mind right now: Patience and Perseverance.\n9/6/10, 6:50 PM\nAlexander said...\nI used duct tape on a large cluster of warts on my heel a couple of years ago. It worked perfectly - took about 2-3 weeks and the area has remained clear ever since. I'm now trying it again on a smaller cluster of verrucas on the ball of my left foot, most of which seem to penetrate the skin pretty deeply. I've tried freezing several times with no success. Have been going for just under a week with the tape and so far it looks promising. The skin around the verrucas is white and dead-looking and there is a slight burning sensation. I would definitely recommend duct tape over freezing which is painful and much more invasive and, in my experience, doesn't work anyway.\n9/10/10, 7:20 PM\nAnonymous said...\nI believe in the body's ability to heal itself, given the chance. So after reading many interesting comments on the \"duct tape\" theory, I decided to give it a try.\nFor many years, I've had a wart on the inside of my right thumb -- started as a teenager. Until recently, it was just an annoyance and then became a nasty habit of picking at it. I've tried all the \"modern\" remedies, including the cryo path, to no avail.\nNow, the wart is much larger in size -- they seem to have teamed up! Tonight, I'll start the DTR (duct tape remedy) and I'll keep you posted.\nMany prayers to all of you suffering with plantar warts -- I know they are the most difficult to remove and the most painful.\nSoon-to-be-wart-free(hopefully) in Florida...\n11/14/10, 8:39 PM\nAnonymous said...\nI heard of this some years ago but only recently needed to use it. I had a pesky little wart on the back of my hand. I put duct tape on it, pretty much forgot about it for about a week. Then decided to take a peek. I was told that it works because of two things. I don't remember exactly what it is but there is a chemical in duct tape that helps destroy the wart. The other has been mentioned and that is mind over matter. Just as we bite our tongue or lip we remind the brain we need repairs and it's done. Or a papercut for instance. Whatever works right?\n11/29/10, 7:23 PM\nAngelina said...\nAfter reading this great page I am trying this too on a wart I have had on my finger for years plus 3 or so others on my feet.\nI have tried expensive and uncomfortable cryotherapy which did absolutely nothing but possibly make the ones on my feet get bigger (!) and painting them with acid daily but that doesn't seem to do much as they seem to recover faster than the acid eats it. Someone told me to pee on them but I'd rather try this!\nFor the past 5 or so days I have covered them with duct tape but how are you guys keeping the duct tape on? Mine falls off all the time and I constantly have to replace it so that it sticks.\nBut I am pleased because when they fall off I can see the skin on the top of the wart is really white already like I have been swimming and it flakes off easily. I really hope this continues for the whole wart!!! It seems to be making the one on my finger smaller. Also they itch like hell for the first time which seems like a good thing. I've started to put a bit of acid on before covering them with tape cause I want to come at it from all directions! I really can't wait to get rid of these suckers. They're so embarrassing.\n1/5/11, 11:04 PM\nAnonymous said...\nI have been trying this method out and I can say that I noticed there seems to be more \"progress\" on the elimination of the wart on my foot when the duct tape is left in place for as long as possible. It seems the rankier the area around the wart gets (smell included) the yellower, darker and generally smaller the wart is when the tape eventually needs to be replaced. When I was frequently replacing and cleaning the taped area the wart seemed far less affected by the treatment. Let it get nasty! I presume that it makes worse conditions for the wart to thrive in.\nUse enough tape to cover the entire area plus some, as it is possible for the virus to extend beyond the visible areas.\n1/10/11, 4:44 PM\nAnonymous said...\nThank you so much for this website. Like many others, I had warts all over my hands and some on my feet when I was a child off and on into my 20's. My doctors tried freezing them, and even putting a stick of novacaine into the bottom of my foot to cut it out (which I do not recommend). I noticed if I saw one starting, I could cut it off my hands before it had time to take root and this would sometimes work. I'm 42 now, and thought I was immune to warts at this point in my life, but unfortunately after experiencing some consistent stress in my life, they started popping up all over my hands. I also have had a planters wart on my right foot for a few years now, which I'm sure contributed with the virus.\nMy 14 year old son also has a few warts on his left elbow.\nSo we both started using the duct tape on Sat, so this is my 3rd day. Keep in mind I've only had them on my hands for about 2 weeks, and after trying to cut them off didn't work, I tried the old silver duct tape. Sure enough, I'm already seeing results. The ones that had barely taken root seems to be almost gone, and the others are getting smaller as well.\nHowever, tomorrw I have to go back to work, and given I work in a crowded office building with rows and rows of cubes, I'm undecided if I will leave the duct tape on. I may try super glew and a couple of band aids while I'm at work. Otherwise I would have 9 pieces of silver duct tape on my hands.\nI'm also taking some vitamins to help my immune system, and I will exercise today as well, which I should be doing anyway.\nPlease keep this site going if you can because it's been great to read all of the comments.\nBTW - my personal opinion after reading the posts is the duct tape works for a few reasons... 1) it's a living virus, so the tape confines it vs. letting it spread 2) lack of oxygen and the firmness of the tap prevents it from growing, plus it probably causes the wart distress because it can't grow and be healthy 3) #1 and #2 help notify the body that the virus is there thus letting your immune system at it. I think there's a chance that if your immune system is weak though, due to stress or illness, you may need to add the vitamins and exercise as others have stated.\nI will hopefully post an update in a few weeks, as I wish more people would have posted their results here. Thank you\n- RB\n3/14/11, 2:16 PM\nDee said...\nI have tried this method before and have had some results. I must admit I went to the doctor anyway last year having no patience and wanting the wart on my leg removed because I was cutting it anyway everytime I shaved my legs. After a few painful injections of numbing, he took a small object much like an apple corer and well yes thats basically how he got it out... I was left with an even worse scar. And after it healed the blasted wart came back also! Arrg! Granted it was a bit smaller... I'm now taking the time to try the duct tape again. I am convinced and determinded it will work!\nMy daughter also has one on her shoulder she is 4 and since she doesn't like the idea of duct tape being on her arm I coaxed her by allowing her to pick out her own favorite cartoon caracter band aids to apply over top of the duct tape wich we will be changing quite often I'm sure! I haven't tried rubbing them with a file or pumice stone after changing out the duct tape, so I'm curious to see how this will speed things up. However as I said before I do believe this will work it just takes time and patience. My mother my grandmother my sisters and my mother in law have all used this method. So good luck to all. And please try this first before going to the doctor!\n4/12/11, 9:08 AM\nscriapinov said...\nHi! I've had a few clusters on two toes on my right foot for quite a few years, and I'm also getting a few nasty ones on my fingers, and it's so depressing when you try when treatment doesn't work! I've tried the freezing (which was a disaster when I got a huge blister and couldn't play piano for a good month!) and the salactol acid but really I've never been a huge fan of the idea that putting some magic juice on it will somehow just make it dissappear. (maybe that's why it's never worked...) But I must say I'm very encouraged for the first time ever about what people have said about the tape. I'm quite confidant that it could do some good so I'll try it in earnest. And I will be back! My only concern is that they might well come back. And also wouldn't they leave a huge crater? How long does that take to heal?\n4/21/11, 7:25 PM\nDr. Buddy said...\nOkay - I've got it. Here's how and why duct tape works.\nGo to bandaid.com, click \"fun for kids,\" then click \"test your knowledge.\" On question #1 you'll learn that \"bandages that...maintain an important natural moisture balance are ideal for healing. Skin cells are able to migrate easily - without drying out and developing into a scab - to help form new, smooth tissue sooner.\" Also, on question #4, the answer to: \"Scabs impede the healing process and make it more likely to cause scarring,\" is TRUE.\nSo, what does this have to do with warts?\nRead over all the blogs above. They'll tell you that 1) The immune system cannot effectively travel across the surface of the skin. 2) Blood must be present for healing to occur. 3) There ARE capillaries in warts that allow blood to feed them. 4) Wearing duct tape \"makes the skin look weird, wet and wrinkled, like you've been swimming.\"\nAdd all of that together and voila! The reason duct tape works is: Moisture that duct tape holds on the surface of your skin allows the capillaries in your warts to bring the immune system to the skin's surface where it can then migrate healthy skin cells across the affected area and overwhelm the wart!\nThey tell you to leave the duct tape on for days on end - no peeking. The longer you leave it, the wetter and weirder it gets - like the tissue UNDER your skin.\nIt's not the duct tape that heals you - it's your own immune system being allowed to work!\nNow you know.\n4/25/11, 2:26 PM\nAnonymous said...\nI went crazy on my plantar wart today after 2 years of trying wart remover pads and 2 sessions of cryotherapy. Nothing has worked.\nI froze the crap out of it with Dr. Scholl's freeze away with 2 applications, 1 minute long each (almost 3x the recommended amount), then put a wart remover disc on it (40% salicylic acid), then covered it up with duct tape. Anyone heard of all of these methods used in conjunction working?\n5/7/11, 8:03 PM\nAnonymous said...\nI have had a wart on my right ring finger for about 3 years now. I have tried freezing it many times and covered it in extra strength salicylic acid. Nothing seemed to remove it permanently. The last time I burned it off with the acid and hacked it to pieces... Lots of blood but it seemed to go away. However, it came back within a couple of weeks.\nAnyhoo, I have decided to give the duct tape method a try. I have had the tape on my finger since Saturday and the wart has almost totally gone! It was about half a centimeter across and a couple millimeters high. Now all that is left is the footprint of the wart. Most of it has gone. I am impressed. I am going to leave the tape on for another couple of weeks and see what happens.\nAlan\n7/5/11, 3:34 PM\nAnonymous said...\nWell, one week later my wart it totally gone! I am amazed!\nAlan\n7/12/11, 12:16 PM\nAnonymous said...\nI've had warts on my fingers for over two years, they started with one on a finger then gradually spread over nine of my fingers and thumbs. I tried the usual methods from the chemist but with know success. I did try duct tape but didn't read the instructions properly and I was unconvinced it would work, with this negativety I gave up. I ended up sending off for two lots of very expensive wart remover from America spending over £100 but still there was no sign of the warts disappearing. One of the warts on my left hand started to spread around my finger, it became very painful, at this point I was getting rather desperate and read all the advice on this web page. I realised that I didn't give the duct tape a fair chance so decided to give it another go. At first I decided to put it on over night, this didn't seem to work. I then put the duct tape on all the time for a two week period. I put badges over the duct tape when I went out, I had lots of comments saying \"have you hurt yourself\" I just replied \"gardening\". The warts became very soft and white and shrunk in size. The smaller ones virally disappeared, I continued to reapply the tape for another two to three weeks. This period very difficult trying to cook and use my hands for differents things started to annoy me but seeing the warts shrink made me continue. I took the duct tape off and filed the warts ensuring to not cross contaminate. After a week of filing the warts all disappeared. I can't tell you how pleased I am. I just want to thank everyone for writing there experiences on this site, it really helped. I am now trying to help my nieces with their warts.\n7/23/11, 1:16 AM\nAnonymous said...\nI once had a wart on my let foots toe, but I was on vacation and couldn't go to my usual doctor,so I smothered it with nude colored bandades until I could go back home, and when I took off the bandade, the wart had a white layer of dead skin over the top of it. I, being an impatient person, peeled it back, and everything feel out of it, leaving a giant crater in my toe. I put on new bandades until my crater was gone, an they have never returned again. Hence, I always assumed that it was suffocation that killed them, although I think that all of the comments definately could be true as well. Right now I have a plantar wart below my toes on my R foot, and two on my left hand. I'm trying the duct tape method after getting them frozen a little bit. I hope it works quickly, though-- I'm going on vacation soon! Wish me luck,\nAnonymous\n8/7/11, 1:22 PM\nToronto said...\nI'm really looking forward to giving this duct tape method a try! I will post my results if something happens!\n- Toronto\n8/7/11, 2:53 PM\nAnonymous said...\nFYI regarding plantar warts, I had discovered a potential reason why so many years and methods of treatments failed. It is that where you ultimately see the outer appearance of it does not mean that's all there is. It can spread across, under the skin, before becoming emergent. So just treating what you see may not be treating it all.\nBe sure to sufficiently cover the areas surrounding the wart with the tape. In a few days or up to 2 weeks you'll begin to notice other 'sites' you may not have known were there. With good fortune, you can finally knock that sucker out. I'm still working on mine :/\n8/10/11, 1:03 AM\nMolly said...\nI first got a plantar's wart on the ball of my foot. It was small and didn't bother me so I let it go. That was a few years ago! It has only gotten a little bigger but has multiplied into 3 plantars warts now. They each have small black dots in them. The first one having quite a lot and being pretty ugly! So I finally decided to try to get rid of them. I tried Compound W and it didn't work. I had heard of duct tape before but it sounded ridiculous. But I was getting desperate and decided to research it again. I found this blog. After reading so many success stories using duct tape I decided to give it a try. And I am so glad I did! I started doing it almost a month ago. I would put one piece of duct tape over all of the warts. I would leave it on as long as I could until it would start to come off. Then I would just put a new piece on. I go to the pool a lot and obviously didn't want everyone to see duct tape on my feet so I would put clear nail polish over it those few hours. After only a few days the area over the wart got white. Eventually the black spots would get closer to the surface. Every once in awhile I would file it down with a pumice stone or clip away dead skin with clippers. Now almost a month later it is looking SO much better. There are only a couple of the black spots in the biggest wart and it is not as risen as before! I am going to keep doing this until they are completely gone! I will post again when that happens! Duct tape really DOES work for anything!\n8/17/11, 8:37 AM\nAnonymous said...\nCraZy this thread is 4yrs old and still going,lol! But Use Gorilla tape other than regular silver duct tape,its the best and it wont fall off all the time! Good luCk!\n9/3/11, 3:15 PM\nAnonymous said...\nI tried this and so far it seems to be working very well. It is very weird and I think interesting. The duct tape seems to make the warts mushy and soft while keeping the skin still firm and pretty regular. I have two warts that are a little bit apart from each other but I cover them with only one piece of duck tape and the skin in between isn't mushy like the warts. I just took my duck tape after it stayed on for like 3 days without falling off (which is unusual) and it smells terrible but you can't even tell when the tape is on, if anything I think of that as a positive sign... I assume the dead skin was just startting to stink. Also a thing I do is while its mushy I go at it with a finger nail clipper. Pain free and you take some big chucks off there. Also tweezers to pick out the black specks (roots).\nNice Job on the article,\nKevin\n9/9/11, 7:16 PM\nAnonymous said...\nI have two warts on my right hand - the first under my middle fingernail and the second between my middle finger and ring finger. I have gone to the doctor about three times to get them frozen off - and also used Dr. Scholl's wart remover about five times. Nothing.\nNot to mention, it's probably underneath my fingernail now, and so the option might be to cut off the fingernail and get the root of it. Ouch, indeed.\nSo I've had the duct tape on for about 24 hours now, and already my fingernail is tender and hurting, and I can feel a throbbing underneath my nail. I'm taking that as a good sign that the immune response has begun.\nBecause of the location of both warts, I had to completely cover the top of my middle finger and wrap the tape around the base of my finger. The duct tape started to irritate my non-warty fingernail and so I put some cotton over the n | null | null | null | 1 | 7 | 2 |
Wellness Way Chiropractic » Treating Hip Osteoarthritis Without Surgery or Drugs\nCall Us: 289-337-1657\nHome\nAbout\nDr. Linsay Way\nOur Office\nPediatric Chiropractic\nGeriatric Chiropractic\nSports Chiropractic\nHeadache/Migraine Treatment\nWellness Care\nServices\nChiropractic Adjustments\nSpinal Decompression Therapy\nShockwave Therapy\nAppointments\nTestimonials\nBlog\nFAQ\nLocation/Contact\nTreating Hip Osteoarthritis Without Surgery or Drugs\nHome / Blog / Uncategorized / Treating Hip Osteoarthritis Without Surgery or Drugs\nSeptember 28, 2016 Linsay Way Uncategorized 1 Back Pain, Burlington Chiropractor, Chiropractic, Nutrition\nOne of the most common joint disorders and the leading cause of disability in adults is osteoarthritis, a disease that affects an estimated 27 million Americans. Previous studies have found that weight loss can decrease the frequency of knee dysfunction and disability in individuals with osteoarthritis, but until recently there has been limited research on the effectiveness of regular exercise or weight loss as a method of treatment for hip OA. A new research initiative, involving 35 adults diagnosed with hip osteoarthritis, has been gathering evidence for the effectiveness of exercise and weight loss for overweight or obese patients with hip OA.\nThe subjects participated in an 8-month long doctor-managed weight-loss and exercise program. Over the course of the study, the participants reported on levels of physical function, pain, and walking ability. These measures were used to determine the success of the treatment programs. At the end of the 8-month program, the researchers reported an average 32.6% improvement in physical function, along with considerable improvements in pain levels, range of motion and walking ability.\nThe results provide promising preliminary support for the effectiveness of weight loss and regular exercise as treatment for osteoarthritis of the hip. Combining weight loss and exercise therapy with chiropractic adjustments, another non-medical way to ease hip pain, may be one of the best options for those suffering with hip osteoarthritis. Previous research has shown that 83% of patients with pain caused by hip osteoarthritis improved within nine chiropractic treatments.\nBurlington chiropractor Dr. Linsay Way can help to determine the cause of your hip pain and develop a personalized treatment plan that may include chiropractic adjustments, exercise, ultrasound therapy, soft tissue mobilization, stretching, massage therapy, or other forms of care. These natural choices for treating hip dysfunction can help osteoarthritis sufferers avoid the risk and expense of drugs and surgery.\nReferences\nPaan N, et al. Effect of Exercise and Weight Loss in individuals Who Have Hip Osteoarthritis and Are Overweight or Obese: A Prospective Cohort Study. Physical Therapy 2012; doi: 10.2522/ptj.20110418.\nBrantingham JW, Globe GA, Cassa TK. A single group pretest-posttest design using full kinetic chain manipulative therapy with rehabilitation in the treatment of 18 patients with hip OA. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapy 2012; 33(6): 445-57.\nRelated Posts via Taxonomies\nChiropractic Effective In Resolving Cardiac Problems\nCan Chiropractic Help Ear Infections?\nFacts About Spine Treatments\nResearch Shows: Proactive Chiropractic Care Helps Prevent Sports Injuries\nCycling: Preventing Back, Neck and Joint Pain With Chiropractic Care\nReasons To See A Chiropractor: Chiropractic Care Improves Quality of Sleep\nConsumer Reports Ranks Chiropractic #1 for Back Pain\n9 Reasons To See A Chiropractor: #1\nWhich Treatments Are Most Effective For Headaches?\nToo Much Time On Twitter & Facebook Can Cause Back Pain\nAbout the author\nLinsay Way\nDr. Linsay Way is a chiropractor in Milwaukee, WI. Recognized for her expertise in treating and training athletes in the Milwaukee, West Allis, Greenfield, Waukesha and New Berlin areas, Dr. Way's family practice is open to patients of all ages and conditions. Dr. Linsay loves helping her patients develop healthy habits through a lifestyle that embraces good nutrition, proper exercise and good spinal care.\nOne Response to Treating Hip Osteoarthritis Without Surgery or Drugs\nChloe Wallace April 28, 2013\nHealthy living is always the key to a good life. Thank you for sharing this!\nAdd a Comment\nClick here to cancel reply.\nName *\nEmail *\nWebsite\nYour Comments\nThis blog uses premium CommentLuv. Enable CommentLuv?\nClick a date to request an appointment | 2019-04-19T22:16:48Z | "https://wellnesswaychiro.com/easing-hip-osteoarthritis-without-surgery-or-drugs/" | wellnesswaychiro.com | 0 | 2 | 1 |
Croup: Is Croup Contagious?\nMENU\nSearch\nPregnancy\nParenting\nFood\nHealth\nStyle\nHome\nLove\nDIY\nCommunity\nPregnancy\nTrying to Conceive\nYour Pregnancy\nBaby Names\nPregnancy In the News\nPregnancy Health\nParenting\nBabies\nToddlers\nPreschoolers\nBig Kids\nFamily Fun Activities\nMom Confessions\nParenting In the News\nFood\nBaby Food\nStarting Solids\nBreakfast\nLunch\nDinner\nDrinks\nUnder 30 Minutes\nDessert\nBirthday Cake\nVegetarian\nGluten Free\nSnacks\nHoliday\nCooking with Kids\nHealth\nYour Health\nFitness\nNutrition\nChildren’s Health\nStyle\nFashion\nBeauty\nMaternity\nKid Style\nHome\nMom Squad\nParties\nHome Decor\nCleaning & Organization\nGreen Living\nFamily Vacations\nGardening\nPets\nTech\nLove\nMarried Life\nRelationship Advice\nDate Night Ideas\nSex\nSingle & Dating\nDIY\nCrafts for Kids\nDIY Holiday Crafts\nDIY for Home\nDIY Crafts for Mom\nCommunity\nOur Sister Sites\nFollow Us\nFACEBOOK\nTWITTER\nINSTAGRAM\nPINTEREST\nG+\nSearch\nHealth\nHealth - Children's Health\nIs Croup Contagious? Plus, How To Get Rid Of This Nasty Cough\nby Deena Blanchard, MD\nAs a pediatrician, I get a lot of questions about croup. Parents wonder: Is croup contagious? What are the symptoms? What does the cough sound like? These are all important questions, because croup in babies and little kids is common. And here’s the thing: With a little bit of info, you can help your croupy kid feel better — and keep croup from spreading to others. Here, I break down everything you need to know about croup.\nIs croup contagious?\nYes. Croup, which is caused by a variety of different viruses, most commonly the para-influenza virus, is very contagious. Children can spread the illness for three days after it starts and until they’ve been fever-free for 24 hours.\nHow is it spread?\nCroup is spread through contact with respiratory secretions from coughing and sneezing (think someone with croup coughs or sneezes without covering their mouth — common since it’s little kids we’re talking about — and then others breathe the germs in).\nWhat does croup cough sound like?\nIt is a dry cough that sounds like a seal barking. Even though croup is typically mild, there are times when you should call your child’s doctor (see below).\nWhat symptoms should you watch for?\nThe distinct cough. It will come on suddenly and be worse at night. The cough will sound dry for about 3 to 4 days and then will often transition to a wet sounding cough that can last up to 10 days. Additionally, children with croup may have:\nFever\nNasal congestion\nRunny nose\nHoarseness\nSore throat\nHigh-pitched sound when inhaling (known medically as stridor), in younger children\nPainful cough (in older children)\nWho is most likely to get it, and when?\nChildren ages 3 months to 3 years are most likely to get croup. It is most common in fall and winter.\nHow is croup treated?\nSince croup is caused by a virus, you have to wait it out. However, there are things you can do to help your child feel better. Having her breathe in steam is very helpful. Turn on the shower and get the bathroom really steamy and then sit in the bathroom (not the hot shower) for 15 to 20 minutes. In some cases, alternating steam with cool air either from an open window or the freezer can be helpful as well. Acetaminophen or ibuprofen will help reduce fever and discomfort. Additionally, make sure your child stays hydrated. If you hear a high-pitched sound when your child cries or coughs, see your pediatrician; she can prescribe a short course of oral steroids to help reduce the swelling in the airway and make breathing more comfortable and safer.\nWhen should you call the doctor?\nCall your pediatrician anytime you have questions or concerns about your child’s health. Additionally, you should call the doctor if your child has the following symptoms:\nA high-pitched sound with cough, crying, or exertion\nFever lasting more than three days\nAppears to be sucking in, in the area between the ribs or the collar bone\nCall 911 immediately if you notice any of these symptoms:\nDifficulty breathing or turning pale or blue with coughing\nDrooling or difficulty swallowing call 911\nA high-pitched sound when breathing while calm\nIf your child has had multiple episodes of croup, ask your pediatrician about seeing a pediatric ear, nose, and throat specialist.\nSHARE ON FACEBOOK\nSHARE ON PINTEREST\nHow to Deal with Stinky Kids, From Body Odor to Bad BreathHow To Take The First Steps to Clean Living and Easy Swaps You Can Make to Start Today\nRelated Articles\nThe Benefits of Raspberry Leaf Tea for Moms and Moms-to-Be\nby Greta Glory Bastalino\nWalmart Launches Its First Clothing Subscription With Kidbox\nby Meryll Diane Sanano\n10 DIY Interactive Toys To Hone Baby’s Fine Motor Skills\nby Faith Towers Provencher\nhttps:design-fixation\nFive Ways To Teach Young Kids Responsibility\nby Candace Alnaji\nthemomatlaw\nAbout the author\nDeena Blanchard, MD\nDeena Blanchard, MD, is a pediatrician and partner with Premier Pediatrics, in New York City. She also serves as a pediatric expert for Ella’s Kitchen. Dr. Blanchard completed her Masters of Public Health at Temple University with a focus on health education before attending Medical School at Albert Einstein College of Medicine and completing her residency at the Morgan Stanley Children’s Hospital of Columbia Presbyterian. She was awarded Physician of the Year by Columbia Presbyterian and is also the recipient of Alpha Omega Alpha and The American Women’s Association Glascow Rubin Achievement Award. Dr. Blanchard enjoys sharing her expertise and experience as a pediatrician and a mom with the families she works with, as well as through her contributions to Momtastic, Big City Moms, and The Stir by Café Mom. She lives in New York City with her husband and three sons.\nRead more about Deena Blanchard, MD articles...\nMomtastic\nMomtastic.com is a property of TotallyHer Media, LLC, an Evolve Media, LLC. company.© 2017 All rights reserved.\nPrivacy\nTerms\nAbout\nAdvertise\nAdChoices\nAdChoices\nfacebook\ntwitter\npinterest\ngplus\ntumblr\nCopy Link\nPingdom String\nmonitoring_string = \"b24acb040fb2d2813c89008839b3fd6a\"monitoring_string = \"886fac40cab09d6eb355eb6d60349d3c\"\nGoogle+ String\nGoogle+ | 2019-04-25T02:24:38Z | "http://www.uk.momtastic.com/health/676741-is-croup-contagious/" | www.uk.momtastic.com | 1 | 3 | 1 |
Dealing with Male Pattern Baldness\nHairloss Blog\nDealing with Male Pattern Baldness\nMale pattern baldness is a type of genetic hair loss that afflicts millions of men throughout the world. This hair loss can begin to develop at almost any age past puberty, from 16 to 70. By age 50, over half of the male population has male pattern baldness. Dealing with hair loss is especially difficult for young men.\nWhile no one enjoys losing their hair, men in their teens, twenties and thirties can feel absolutely devastated when they realize that they are losing their hair. The way a person feels about himself, his level of confidence and self-esteem, is often largely affected by the way he feels about his physical appearance. This article contains advice to help any man who is dealing with male pattern baldness.There are only two treatments that have proved to be medically effective at treating male pattern baldness. These are the medications Finasteride (Propecia) and Minoxidil (Rogaine).\nFinasteride, an oral medication to be taken daily, is available with a doctor’s prescription. Finasteride slows down or stops male pattern baldness in a majority of the men who take the drug, and some men experience significant hair regrowth while on the medication. Finasteride is much better at maintaining hair growth than it is at encouraging hair regrowth, so any man who suffers from male pattern baldness and wants to keep his hair should start taking the medication at the moment that he notices his hair falling out.\nMinoxidil, unlike Finasteride, is a topical liquid that is applied to the scalp. Minoxidil may be applied twice per day, once in the morning and once in the evening. Avoid letting Minoxidil drip onto areas of your body other than your scalp, because it may cause unwanted hair growth. Minoxidil is not a miracle drug, so don’t expect to grow back all of your hair if you are completely bald, but it is one of the only treatments proven to help fight male pattern baldness.\nHair transplant surgery involves removing hairs from the back of the head, which is not affected by male pattern baldness, and applying them to balding areas. Hair transplant surgery is risky because, although in some cases it looks good, in other cases it appears very unnatural. A poor quality hair transplant is worse than being bald. Anyone considering hair transplant surgery should conduct research and find a highly qualified doctor with lots of recommendations. Study a doctor’s work and, if possible, meet with patients. Remember, getting hair transplants is a very serious decision. Even if the surgery goes well, it leaves permanent scarring.\nIf medical treatments are unable to grow hair back, hair systems and toupees are options. In the past, hair systems looked very unnatural, but today they can be almost undetectable. Many actors wear hair pieces. The nice thing about hair pieces is that, unlike hair transplants, they do not have to be permanent. If you get tired of wearing a piece, you can simply stop wearing it. The negative aspect of a hair piece is that it takes commitment and effort to keep your hair looking natural, and it is not cheap.Use the info gained from this article to win the fight against male pattern baldness. Good Luck!\nCategorized: Men\n← Five Hair Loss Prevention Tips You Need To Know\nPrevent Hair Loss By Maintaining A Healthy Scalp →\nLatest\nPopular\nComments\nTags\nSubscribe\nTips and Tricks to Help Avoid Hair Loss Today\nYou Can Tackle Hair Loss Naturally\nSix Ways To Prevent Hair Loss\nHair Loss Remedies\nSeven Helpful Hair Care Tips\nSolid Tips For A Self Esteem Boost During Hair Loss\nExcellent Methods Of Combating Hair Loss\nTips and Tricks to Help Avoid Hair Loss Today\nFour Tips You Can Use To Combat Hair Loss\nAvoiding Further Hair Loss What to Do\nDealing With Female Hair Loss\nHair Loss Tips\nFive Hair Loss Prevention Tips You Need To Know\nDealing with Male Pattern Baldness\nStay up to date\nSubscribe to the RSS feed\nSubscribe to the feed via email\nCategories\nMen\nPrevention\nRemedies\nTips\nTreatment\nWomen\nHome\nAbout\nContact Us\nPrivacy Policy\n© 2019 Hairloss Blog. All Rights Reserved.\nPrivacy Policy · Disclosure Policy · Sitemap\nWe use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it.OkPrivacy policy | 2019-04-24T21:56:45Z | "http://www.haveyouseenmyhair.com/dealing-with-male-pattern-baldness/" | www.haveyouseenmyhair.com | 1 | 2 | 1 |
Medical Info - Springville Peds\nCall Us\n(716) 592-2832\nHome\nAbout\nMeet the Staff\nFAQ\nQuality Initiatives\nMedical Info\nWhen to Call Right Away\nFever\nDosing Charts\nNutrition\nPoison Control\nMental Health\nPatient Forms & Policies\nWell Child Care\nExpecting?\nIn the News\nResources\nContact\nYour child will endure more colds in their lifetime than any other illness. In the first two years, it's common to have as many as 10. Colds are caused by a virus, which is easily passed onto others.\nMedical Information\nHere are some of the most common childhood health complaints that frequent our office. Often, they can be treated at home effectively without medical intervention. General advice for treating these complaints is supplied for your information. This information is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice. It is provided for educational purposes only. You assume full responsibility for how you choose to use this information. Please contact our office if you have any specific health concerns.\nCommon Cold/Cough/Runny Nose\nDiaper Rash\nConjunctivitis (Pink Eye)\nConstipation\nAsthma\nDiarrhea\nEarache\nHeadache\nHives\nSore Throat\nVomiting\nWhat Is It?\nAsthma is a disorder that causes the airways of the lungs to swell and narrow, leading to wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. It can be worsened by exercise or strenous physical activity.\nWhat Is It?\nHow is it treated?\nWhere can I get more information?\nWhat Is It?\nConjunctivitis is inflammation of the the outermost layer of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelids. It is most commonly due to an infection (usually viral, but sometimes bacterial or an allergic reaction).\nHow is it treated?\nMost cases resolve themselves, so treatment involves easing the symptoms. Eye drops, cool water and cold compresses help ease the symptoms. An antibiotic may be prescribed depending on the type and severity of the case.\nWhere can I get more information?\nHealthy Kids: Conjunctivitis\nWhat Is It?\nConstipation refers to bowel movements that are infrequent or hard to pass. Newborns who move their bowels less than once a day, and older children who go 2-3 days between movements, may be constipated.\nHealthy Kids: Constipation\nWhere can I get more information?\nHow is it treated?\nAdding more water, prune juice or high-fiber foods to your child's diet may improve constipation. If relief is not experienced within a day or two, a laxative may be prescribed by your pediatrician. DO NOT give your child a laxative without consent from your doctor.\nWhat Is It?\nDiaper rash is a generic term applied to rashes that appear in the groin area as a result of prolonged exposure to moisture or a soiled surface. Most children experience diaper rash from time to time. It's usually not serious, though some cases can yield to other infections requiring antibiotic treatment.\nHow is it treated?\nTreat with zinc oxide creams such as Destin and limit exposure by changing soiled diapers often. After gentle cleansing, pat dry thoroughly or allow to air dry. Call if the rash does not show improvement within 4-5 days.\nWhere can I get more information?\nHealthy Kids: Diaper Rash Healthy Kids: Diarrhea\nWhere can I get more information?\nHow is it treated?\nWhat Is It?\nWhat Is It?\nWhat Is It?\nHow is it treated?\nHow is it treated?\nWhere can I get more information?\nWhere can I get more information?\nHealthy Kids: Earaches Healthy Kids: Headaches\nDiarrhea is characterized by having three or more loose, watery bowel movements per day, often with stomach cramping and general feeling of illness.\nModerate diarrhea may require special fluids to replace eletroclytes lost due to diarrhea. Feed your child normally, with an emphasis on foods that do not upset his stomach further. Contact your pediatrician in the event a high fever, dehydration, blood in the stool or a change in behavior is noted.\nEar aches are caused by infections of the middle ear. These may be bacterial or viral and result in significant pain or discharge from the ear canal. They frequently accompany bouts of colds and flu and are usually not serious.\nPain may be controlled with ibuprofen and ear drops. Sometimes a warm compress helps as well. If pain does not subside with ibuprofen, your doctor may prescribe an antibiotic. In severe or repeated cases, a specialist may recommend tubes be placed in your child's ears for drainage.\nHeadaches are quite common in children, resulting from stress, tension or brought about by another illness such as the flu or a cold. While the overwhelming majority are not serious, they can also mean a serious neurological impairment or other potentially dangerous illness such as Meningitis.\nRest and medication like acetaminophen are often recommended. Your doctor might also recommend prescription drugs or stress-management techniques in the event of migraines.\nWhat Is It?\nWhat Is It?\nWhat Is It?\nHow is it treated?\nHow is it treated?\nHow is it treated?\nWhere can I get more information?\nWhere can I get more information?\nWhere can I get more information?\nHealthy Kids: Hives Healthy Kids: Sore Throat Healthy Kids: Vomiting\nHives are blisters appearing on the skin, usually linked to a virus, food allergy, or reaction to medication. Hives themselves are not serious, though the underlying cause for them may be.\nAntihistamines help control the itching of hives. Cool compresses may also help. Your pediatrician may request a full work up to determine the cause of the outbreak, though in almost half of all cases, no definitive cause is found. Discontinue foods which may be a trigger, such as peanuts and milk, until the child can be assessed. Severe food allergies may require use of an \"epi pen\".\nCommon with colds and flu-like illnesses, sore throat is usually not serious and resolves on its own. Other cases involve a bacterial infection, or strep throat, and require an antibiotic.\nSore throats that accompany colds and the flu are treated with time, patience, and an occasional throat lozenge to help manage the symptom. Some cases may be strep throat and necessitate further testing. If strep is documented, an oral antibiotic will be prescribed.\nVomiting usually accompanies other illnesses, such as the flu. The majority of cases result from a virus, and as such, resolve on their own without any medical interventon. Severe cases may result in dehydration, which can be serious.\nKeep your child off solid foods, and encourage him to drink electrolyte solution or other clear fluids in small amounts every couple minutes. If your child cannot keep fluids down, even in small amounts, call your pediatrician.\nWhen to Call Right Away\nHow is it treated?\nAsthma involves treating the symptoms in two ways. Sudden onset symptoms can be reduced with the use of an inhaler, while the disease is treated long-term with steriods, Leukotriene inhibitors, or bronchodialators. It's a good idea to also know the triggers of asthma attacks and avoid activities where they are likely to occur.\nWhere can I get more information?\nHealthy Kids: Asthma\nWhat Is It?\nHealthy Kids: Colds\nHow is it treated?\nIn most cases, a common cold can be treated safely and effectively at home with over-the-counter medications. Babies under the age of 3 months should be seen by a medical professional to rule out other, more serious illnesses. Because colds are caused by a virus and not bacteria, antibiotic treatment is not warranted.\nCroup\nWhere can I get more information?\nCroup is caused by a virus that targets the nose, throat and upper airway causing cold symptoms and a cough. Children with croup often also have inspiratory stridor, a harsh noise noted when breathing in. Croup tends to be more common in the colder months and often worsens at night.\nHealthy Kids: Croup\nSteam from a hot shower or the cold night air may help your child's breathing. A vaporizer or humidifier in their room may also be used. If your child has significant symptoms your pediatrician may suggest treatment with steroids.\nSee Also:\nHOME\nABOUT US\nMEET THE STAFF\nFAQ\nMEDICAL INFO\nFEVER\nDOSING INFO\nNUTRITION\nPOISON\nMENTAL HEALTH\nPATIENT FORMS\nWELL CHILD CARE\nEXPECTANT MOMS\nIN THE NEWS\nRESOURCES\nCONTACT US\nAll content subject to copyright by Springville Pediatrics. All rights reserved.\nWeb Design by:\naspire marketing partners | 2019-04-18T13:25:52Z | "http://www.springvillepeds.com/medical-info/4562493462" | www.springvillepeds.com | 0 | 6 | 1 |
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All rights reserved. Terms of Use.\nMedicineNet does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See additional information.\nhome/health & living center/ prevention & wellness a-z list/ yogurt and its many health benefits article\nThe Benefits of Yogurt\nWhat's tasty, easy, and has lots of health benefits? Yogurt!\nBy Elaine Magee, MPH, RD\nWebMD Weight Loss Clinic - Expert Column\nHave you noticed that the yogurt section of most grocery stores has practically taken over the dairy aisle? It's getting harder to find more traditional dairy foods, such as cottage cheese and sour cream, amid the sea of yogurt options. But it only makes sense that a food with as many health benefits as yogurt be given prime real estate in the supermarket.\nAnd just what are the health benefits of yogurt?\nFirst off, let us not forget that yogurt comes from milk. So yogurt eaters will get a dose of animal protein (about 9 grams per 6-ounce serving), plus several other nutrients found in dairy foods, like calcium, vitamin B-2, vitamin B-12, potassium, and magnesium.\nBut one of the words we're hearing more and more of regarding yogurt is \"probiotics.\" Probiotics are \"friendly bacteria\" that are naturally present in the digestive system. Live strains of these \"good bacteria\" are also found in many yogurt products. While more research needs to be done, there's some evidence that some strains of probiotics can help boost the immune system and promote a healthy digestive tract.\nProbiotics made news recently when a class action lawsuit was filed against the Dannon Co. over marketing for its Activia and DanActive products, in which the company uses trademarked probiotic strains. Activia is a yogurt marketed as being \"clinically proven to help regulate the digestive system when eaten daily for two weeks,\" while DanActive is a drink marketed as being \"clinically proven to help strengthen the body's defense systems,\" according to company websites.\nThe lawsuit, filed by a California law firm, alleges that Dannon engaged in a \"massively deceptive\" advertising campaign about those products' \"clinically\" and \"scientifically\" proven health benefits not available in other yogurts. But Dannon is challenging the suit. \"The scientifically substantiated benefits of Dannon's products are confirmed not only by the scientific journals that have reviewed and published the findings, but also by the millions of highly satisfied consumers who enjoy Dannon's products,\" the company says in a news release.\nRegardless of this dispute, the health benefits of yogurt are so impressive that many health-conscious people make it a daily habit. An each year, more and more research is published adding insight into the health benefits from eating yogurt.\nHere are six possible health benefits to having some yogurt each day:\nBenefit No. 1: Yogurt With Active Cultures May Help the Gut\nWhile more study is needed, there's some evidence that yogurt with active cultures may help certain gastrointestinal conditions, including:\nLactose intolerance\nConstipation\nDiarrhea\nColon cancer\nInflammatory bowel disease\nH. pylori infection\nThat's what researchers from the Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University concluded in a review article. The benefits are thought to be due to:\nChanges in the microflora of the gut\nThe time food takes to go through the bowel.\nEnhancement of the body's immune system (more on this below).\nIn another recent study, the type of diarrhea that some people get after taking antibiotics was found to be reduced when the study participants drank a drink containing three particular probiotics (L. casei, L. bulgaricus, and S. thermophilus).\nBenefit No. 2: Some Probiotic Strains May Boost the Immune System\nWhile much also remains to be learned about probiotics and the immune system, recent studies suggest that certain probiotic strains offer some benefits:\nOne review article suggests probiotics may help with inflammatory bowel disease by changing the intestinal microflora and lessening the immune system response that can worsen the disease.\nAnother study indicated probiotics may enhance resistance to and recovery from infection. In research on elderly people, researchers found that the duration of all illnesses was significantly lower in a group that consumed a certain probiotic found in fermented milk. They reported a possible 20% reduction in the length of winter infections (including gastrointestinal and respiratory infections).\nYogurt containing two probiotics, lactobacillus and bifidobacterium, was found to improve the success of drug therapy (using four specific medications) on 138 people with persistent H. pylori infections, according to a recent Taiwanese study. H. pylori is a bacterium that can cause infection in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine. It can lead to ulcers and can increase the risk of developing stomach cancer as well.\nBenefit No. 3: Yogurt With Active Cultures May Discourage Vaginal Infections\nCandida or \"yeast\" vaginal infections are a common problem for women with diabetes. In a small study, seven diabetic women with chronic candidal vaginitis consumed 6 ounces of frozen aspartame-sweetened yogurt per day (with or without active cultures).\nEven though most of the women had poor blood sugar control throughout the study, the vaginal pH (measure of acidity or basicity) of the group eating yogurt with active cultures dropped from 6.0 to 4.0 (normal pH is 4.0-4.5). These women also reported a decrease in candida infections. The women eating the yogurt without active cultures remained at pH 6.0.\nBenefit No. 4: Yogurt May Help Prevent Osteoporosis\n\"Adequate nutrition plays a major role in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, and the micronutrients of greatest importance are calcium and vitamin D,\" says Jeri Nieves, PhD, MS, director of bone density testing at New York's Helen Hayes Hospital.\nCalcium has been shown to have beneficial effects on bone mass in people of all ages, although the results are not always consistent, says Nieves, also an assistant professor of clinical epidemiology at Columbia University.\n\"The combination of calcium and vitamin D has a clear skeletal benefit, provided the dose of vitamin D is sufficiently high,\" she adds.\nAnd what qualifies as \"sufficiently high?\"\nCurrently, 400 IU per day is considered an adequate intake of vitamin D for people ages 51-70, Nieves says. (Look for the Daily Value amount listed on food labels.) But more may be better.\n\"This amount is likely to be sufficient for most young adults for skeletal health, although many would argue that for overall health, more than the 400 IU may be required, even at these younger ages,\" Nieves said in an email interview.\nNieves believes that older people specifically can benefit from more vitamin D.\nMany dairy products, including some yogurts, are made with added vitamin D. Find out which brands have added vitamin D by checking out the table below, and by reading labels when you shop.\nBenefit No. 5: Yogurt May Reduce the Risk of High Blood Pressure\nOne study, which followed more than 5,000 university graduates in Spain for about two years, found a link between dairy intake and risk of high blood pressure.\n\"We observed a 50% reduction in the risk of developing high blood pressure among people eating 2-3 servings of low-fat dairy a day (or more), compared with those without any intake,\" Alvaro Alonso, MD, PhD, a researcher in the department of epidemiology at the Harvard School of Public Health, says in an email interview.\nAlthough most of the low-fat dairy consumed by the study subjects was as milk, Alvaro believes low-fat yogurt would likely have the same effect. Dutch researchers recently reported that higher dairy consumption (mainly from milk and yogurt) was modestly linked to lower blood pressure in 2064 Dutch men and women ages 50 to 75.\nBenefit No. 6: Yogurt May Help You Feel Fuller\nA study from the University of Washington in Seattle tested hunger, fullness, and calories eaten at the next meal on 16 men and 16 women who had a 200-calorie snack. The snack was either:\nSemisolid yogurt containing pieces of peach and eaten with a spoon\nThe same yogurt in drinkable form\nA peach-flavored dairy beverage\nPeach juice\nAlthough those who had the yogurt snacks did not eat fewer calories at the next meal, both types of yogurt resulted in lower hunger ratings and higher fullness ratings than either of the other snacks.\n10 Tips for Buying and Eating Yogurt\nHere are 10 things to consider when buying and eating yogurt.\n1. Decide Between Whole-Milk, Low-Fat, or Nonfat Yogurt\nWhen buying yogurt, your first decision is whether you want regular-fat, low-fat, or fat-free. You probably have a favorite brand, with just the right texture or tang for your taste buds. If so, stick with it. But do check the label for sugar content. Some flavors and brands have more than others. And if you like a lower-fat yogurt, even better. There's some question that while other components in dairy may be helpful to your health (calcium, vitamin D, probiotics, etc.), dairy fat may increase your risk of heart disease. Harvard University researchers recently analyzed data from the Nurses' Health Study and concluded the data do suggest that a high intake of dairy fat is associated with a greater risk of ischemic heart disease in women.\nHere are a few examples of some lower fat choices:\nLOW-FAT YOGURT (6 ounces) Calories Fat (g) Saturated fat (g) Cholesterol (mg) % Calories from sugar Calcium (% Daily Value) Vitamin D (% Daily Value)\nDannon Creamy Fruit Blends, Strawberry flavor 170 1.5 1 10 70% 20% -\nDannon Activia, Blueberry flavor 165 3 1.5 7.5 62% 23% -\nYoplait Original 99% Fat Free, Fruit flavored 170 1.5 1 10 63% 20% 20%\nYoplait Yo Plus Raspberry 165 2.2 1.5 15 58% 23% 15%\nStonyfield Farms Organic Low-Fat, Fruit flavored 130 1.5 1 5 68% 25% -\n\"LIGHT\" YOGURT (6 ounces) Calories Fat (g) Saturated fat (g) Cholesterol (mg) % Calories from sugar Calcium (% Daily Value) Vitamin D (% Daily Value)\nDannon Light 'n Fit, Fruit flavored 60 0 0 <5 47% 20% 20%\nDannon Light & Fit 0% Fat Plus 75 0 0 <5 56% 15% 15%\nDannon Activia Light Fat Free Raspberry 105 0 0 <5 46% 22.5% -\nYoplait Light, Fruit flavored 100 0 0 <5 56% 20% 20%\nYoplait Fiber One Nonfat Yogurt (with 5 grams fiber) 120 0 0 <5 55% 15% 22.5%\nYoplait Fiber One Nonfat Yogurt (with 5 grams fiber) 100 .5 0 5 48% 30% 30%\n2. Choose Your Sweetener\nThe other decision is whether you want artificial sweeteners (which are used in most \"light\" yogurts) or whether you're OK with most of the calories coming from sugar. If you are sensitive to aftertastes, you may want to avoid light yogurts. If you don't mind NutraSweet, there are lots of light yogurts to choose from, and all taste pretty good.\n3. Look for Active Cultures and Probiotics\nTo make sure your yogurt contains active cultures, check the label. Most brands will have a graphic that says \"live and active cultures.\" If you want to know which specific active cultures your yogurt contains, look to the label again. Under the list of ingredients, many brands list the specific active cultures. And different cultures are thought to have different benefits.\n4. Team Yogurt With Flaxseed\nGet in the habit of stirring in a tablespoon of ground flaxseed every time you reach for a yogurt. A tablespoon of ground flaxseed will add almost 3 grams of fiber and approximately 2 grams of healthy plant omega-3s, according to the product label on Premium Gold brand ground golden flaxseed.\n5. Look for Vitamin D\nWhen enjoying calcium-rich yogurt, why not choose one that also boosts your intake of vitamin D? Some brands list 0% of the Daily Value for vitamin D; others have 20%. (See the table above.)\n6. Make Yogurt Part of the Perfect Snack\nMake the perfect snack by pairing high-protein yogurt with a high-fiber food like fruit (fresh or frozen) and/or a high-fiber breakfast cereal. You can find many lower-sugar breakfast cereals with 4 or more grams of fiber per serving.\n7. Whip Up a Creamier Smoothie With Yogurt\nMake your smoothie creamy and thick by adding yogurt instead of ice cream or frozen yogurt. Cup for cup, light and low-fat yogurt is higher in protein and calcium than light ice cream. It's also usually lower in fat, saturated fat, and calories.\n8. Customize Your Yogurt\nIf you want to create your own flavored yogurt, start with your favorite plain yogurt and stir in all sorts of foods and flavors. Here are a few ideas:\nAdd chopped strawberries (1/4 cup) and 1/8 teaspoon of vanilla extract to 6 ounces of plain yogurt to make Strawberries and Cream Yogurt.\nAdd canned crushed pineapple (1/8 cup) and a tablespoon of flaked or shredded coconut to 6 ounces of plain yogurt to make Pina Colada Yogurt.\nAdd 1 tablespoon of cool espresso or extra-strong coffee and 1 tablespoon of chocolate syrup to 6 ounces of plain yogurt to make Mochaccino Yogurt.\nAdd 1/4 cup chopped orange segments or mandarin oranges and 1 tablespoon reduced-sugar orange marmalade to 6 ounces of plain yogurt to make Orange Burst Yogurt.\n9. Eat Yogurt at Work\nBuy some yogurt and keep it in the office refrigerator (don't forget to put your name on it). On those days when you need a morning or afternoon snack, that yogurt will be ready for you.\n10. Use Yogurt in Recipes\nYogurt works as a substitute ingredient in all sorts of recipes. Plain yogurt can take the place of sour cream in a pinch (over baked potatoes or garnishing enchiladas). You can also substitute a complementary flavor of yogurt for some of the oil or butter called for in a muffin, brownie, or cake recipe. It can replace all of the fat called for in cake mixes, too.\nOriginally published March 9, 2007.\nUpdated February 22, 2008.\nSOURCES: Hickson, M., British Medical Journal, July 2007. Turchet, P. Journal of Nutrition, Health and Aging, 2003; vol 7(2): pp 75-77. Sheil, B. Journal of Nutrition, March 2007; vol 137: pp 819S-824S. Snijder, M.B., American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, April 2007; vol 85: pp 989-995. Hu, F.B., American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, October 2007; vol 86: pp 929-937. Astrup, A., American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, March 2007; vol 85: pp 678-687. News release: \"Dannon Refutes Class Action Lawsuit Alleging Misleading Claims,\" Jan. 24, 2008. Alonso, A., American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, November 2005; vol 82: pp 972-979. Adolfsson O., American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, August 2004; vol 80: pp 245-256. Sheu, B.-S. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, April 2006; vol 83: pp 864-869. Chauncey, K.B., Journal of the American Dietetic Association, September 1999; vol 99: Issue 9 (Suppl);
p A100. Drewnowski, A., Journal of the American Dietetic Association, April 2006; vol 106, Issue 4: pp 550-557. ESHA Research, Food Processor Nutrition Analysis software. Jeri W. Nieves, PhD, MS, assistant professor of clinical epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University; director of bone density testing, Helen Hayes Hospital, New York. Alvaro Alonso, MD, PhD, researcher, department of epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health.\nDaily Health News\nObesity Shrinks Brains\nSitting More, Tech to Blame\nCervical Cancer Rates Decline\nElectrical Stimulation for Parkinson's\nToy Recall Choking Hazard\nMore Health News »\nTrending on MedicineNet\nSevere Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID)\nListeria (Listeriosis)\nFood Poisoning\nWhooping Cough and Vaccine\nMeasles (Rubeola)\nHealth Solutions From Our Sponsors\nClinical Trial Q&A\nChildhood Brain Tumors\nPenis Curved When Erect\nHow Immunotherapy Fights Cancer\nOvercoming Breast Cancer\nMedical Alert System\nFeatured Slideshows\nType 2 DiabetesCan you reverse type 2 diabetes?\nRheumatoid Arthritis (RA)What's the difference between RA and arthritis?\nDeep Vein ThrombosisHow to know if you have a blood clot in your leg\nRecognize These Skin Conditions?\nWhat Bit Me?\nWhat is Crohn's Disease?\nStrep Throat vs. Sore Throat\nWarning Signs of Type 2 Diabetes\n19 Eye Conditions You Need to Know\nWhy Do I Pee So Often?\nWhat Can Turmeric Do for You?\nLow-T: A Normal Part of Aging?\nIs It an STD?\nWho's at Risk for Hepatitis C?\nBreast Cancer: What Happens Next\nSchizophrenia and Mental Health\nEarly Signs of Thyroid Problems\n17 Worst Belly Fat Foods\nHow to Get Rid of Hemorrhoids\nLiving With AFib\nSee a Baby Develop in the Womb\nWhat is Deep Vein Thrombosis?\nPut an End to Nail Fungus\nRingworm Means I’ve Got Worms?\nHow Do You Get Scabies?\n13 Baking Soda Uses for Your Body\nCoping With IBS\nTelltale Signs of Child ADHD\nThe Stigma of Psoriasis\nCancer Symptoms Not to Ignore\nWhat Feet Say About Your Health\nMost Expensive Medical Conditions\nEarly Signs of Heart Disease\nClues You Could Have MS\nHow to Lower Your Cholesterol\nWhich Fruits Have the Most Sugar?\n14 Healthy Foods on a Budget\nADHD in Adults\nWhat Poop Type and Color Mean\nMedicineNet\n©1996-2018 MedicineNet, Inc. All rights reserved. Terms of Use.\nMedicineNet does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See additional information.\nHealth Categories\nMedical Slideshows\nDiseases & Conditions\nSymptoms & Signs\nProcedures & Tests\nMedications\nHealthy Living\nVitamins & Supplements\nImage Collection\nQuizzes\nMedTerms Dictionary\nPet Health\nPopular Health Centers\nAllergies\nArthritis\nBlood Pressure\nCancer\nChronic Pain\nCold & Flu\nDepression\nDiabetes\nDigestion\nHealth & Living\nHealthy Kids\nHearing & Ear\nHeart\nHIV/AIDS\nInfectious Disease\nMen's Health\nMental Health\nNeurology\nPregnancy\nSexual Health\nSkin\nThyroid\nWomen's Health\nMore...\nMedicineNet\nPrivacy Policy\nAbout Us\nContact Us\nSite Map\nWebMD Corporate\nWebMD\nWebMDRx\nMedscape\nMedscape Reference\neMedicineHealth\nRxList\nOnHealth | 2019-04-24T20:23:14Z | "https://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=79753" | www.medicinenet.com | 2 | 8 | 0 |
Lithonia Accident Care - Chiropractor in Lithonia, GA\nWould you like to switch to the accessible version of this site?\nGo to accessible site Close modal window\nDon't need the accessible version of this site?\nHide the accessibility button Close modal window\nAccessibility View Close toolbar\nJavascript must be enabled for the correct page display\nMenu\nHome\nNew Patient Center\nWhat to Expect\nYour First Visit\nPhase 1: Relief Care\nPhase 2: Corrective Care\nPhase 3: Wellness Care\nHealth Resources\nPayment Options\nAbout Us\nMeet The Doctor\nServices & Techniques\nChiropractic Care\nCar Accident Care\n$60 DOT / CDL Physicals Metro Atlanta\n$50 Drug Tests\n$60 DOT Physical Exam Atlanta\nVision\nHearing\nUrinalysis\nBlood Pressure\nFrequent Questions\nWhite Coat Syndrome\nDo I Need a DOT Physical?\nDrug Tests?\nContact Us\nAppointment Request\n(770)-864-9849\nHome >\nArticles >\nNewsletter Library >\nShould I Use Ice or Heat for Pain?\nShould I Use Ice or Heat for Pain?\nShould you use heat or ice on your painful injury? The best method of solving this important riddle is to assess the nature and source of the pain. Essentially, a new injury, that is, one that you sustained within the last 48 hours, is best treated with ice. Chronic pain, or pain that you have had for a long time, is generally best treated with moist heat. Understanding the mechanisms of injury and the physiological and biochemical causes of pain helps us to differentiate the indications for applying ice or applying moist heat.\nThe primary rule is that you can never go wrong with applying ice. Ice calms things down and, although an ice application may be uncomfortably cold for a few moments, the overall effect is soothing. Cold decreases local metabolism and constricts small blood vessels (arterioles). Cold reduces nerve conduction velocity, that is, the speed at which nerve impulses are transmitted, and therefore reduces the number of pain signals that reach your brain per unit time. Thus, ice applications provide vasoconstriction, analgesia, and sedation. Ice is indicated for acute musculoskeletal injury, burns, insect bites, bleeding, and snake bites. Ice should not be used for gout, rheumatoid arthritis, Raynaud's phenomenon, history of vascular impairment, and cold allergies. As well, ice should not be used for a patient in a coma.\nMoist heat increases local metabolism and dilates small blood vessels. Vasodilation results in increased nutrition, increased activity of white blood cells (phagocytosis), and increased removal of waste (metabolic end-products and damaged cellular structures). Moist heat provides analgesia, sedation, and reduces muscle spasms. Heat is best for chronic pain and muscle spasms. Contraindications to moist heat include acute musculoskeletal injury, area of diminished sensation, acute skin conditions, pregnancy, malignancy, diabetes, encapsulated swelling, hemorrhagic disorders, and suppurative conditions.\nGenerally, ice applications are used for acute injuries within a 72-hour time frame from the onset of the injury. Acute injury damages local capillaries, causing blood to leak into the spaces between cells and tissues, where it doesn't belong. Such uncontained blood causes pressure on local nerve endings, creating pain. Also, pressure is applied to nearby cells, causing extended injury and possibly cell death. Thus, limiting the amount of blood leaking out of disrupted capillaries is critical in slowing the effects and reducing the impact of musculoskeletal injury. Ice performs this function. Ice reduces swelling, reduces pain, and provides a sedative effect.\nWhen applying ice, it's very important to avoid damaging the skin. Ice packs should always be wrapped in a towel. Ice should rarely be applied directly to the skin. Duration and frequency of ice applications is not an exact science, but a useful guideline is to apply ice for 15 minutes every two hours for a moderately acute injury, using three to four ice applications per day. However, you will know instinctively when the time is right to apply the next ice pack.\nMoist heat applications follow similar guidelines. Dry heat should never be used. Moist heat packs should be wrapped in a towel and are applied for 15 minutes every two to three hours, up to several applications per day.\nRecovering from injury requires your body to put forth a great deal of effort and requires support from the nerve system, the body's master system. Regular chiropractic care provides great assistance in the process of recovery from an injury. By detecting and correcting spinal misalignments and sources of nerve interference, regular chiropractic care helps ensure optimal functioning of the nerve system. Thus, regular chiropractic care helps facilitate your recovery and helps you return to your full range of activities as quickly as possible.\n1McCarberg B, D'Arcy Y: Options in topical therapies in the management of patients with acute pain. Postgrad Med 125(4 Suppl 1):19-24, 2013\n2Piana LE, et al: The Cold, Hard Facts of Cryotherapy in Orthopedics. Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ) 2018 Sep;47(9). doi: 10.12788/ajo.2018.0075\n3Mayer JM, Mooney V: Continuous low-level heat wrap therapy for the prevention and early phase treatment of delayed-onset muscle soreness of the low back: a randomized controlled trial. 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Topical minoxidil fortified with finasteride: An account of maintenance of hair density after replacing oral finasteride Chandrashekar B S, Nandhini T, Vasanth V, Sriram R, Navale S - Indian Dermatol Online J\nAdvanced Search\nUsers Online: 660\nAbout Us\nEditorial Board\nArticles\nAhead of Print\nCurrent Issue\nArchives\nAuthors\nSubmit Article\nInstructions\nSearch\nAdvanced Search\nImage Search\nMedline Search\nSubscribe\nContact Us\nLogin\nSign Up\nSubscriber Login\nORIGINAL ARTICLE\nYear : 2015 | Volume : 6 | Issue : 1 | Page : 17-20\nTopical minoxidil fortified with finasteride: An account of maintenance of hair density after replacing oral finasteride\nBS Chandrashekar, T Nandhini, Vani Vasanth, Rashmi Sriram, Shreya Navale\nDepartment of Trichology, CUTIS Academy of Cutaneous Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India\nDate of Web Publication 8-Jan-2015\nCorrespondence Address:\nDr. B S Chandrashekar\n# 5/1, 4th Main Road, MRCR Layout, Near Veeresh Theatre, Behind Godrej Interio, Vijaynagar, Bengaluru - 560 040, Karnataka\nIndia\nSource of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None\nCheck\nDOI: 10.4103/2229-5178.148925\nAbstract\nBackground: Finasteride acts by reducing dihydrotestosterone levels, thereby inhibiting miniaturization of hair follicles in patients with androgenetic alopecia (AGA). Oral finasteride is associated with side effects such as decreased libido, sexual dysfunction, and gynecomastia. Aim: The aim of the following study is to assess the efficacy of maintaining hair growth with 5% topical minoxidil fortified with 0.1% finasteride in patients with AGA after initial treatment with 5% topical minoxidil and oral finasteride for two years. Materials and Methods: A retrospective assessment was done in 50 male patients aged 20-40 years with AGA. All the patients had been initially treated with topical minoxidil and oral finasteride for a period of two years, after which the oral finasteride was replaced with topical minoxidil fortified with finasteride. Five of 50 patients had discontinued the treatment for a period of 8-12 months and were then resumed with only topical minoxidil fortified with finasteride. The patients' case sheets and photographs were reviewed by independent observers and the efficacy of minoxidil-finasteride combination was assessed. Results: Of the 45 patients who underwent a continuous treatment for AGA, 84.44% maintained a good hair density with topical minoxidil-finasteride combinatio. Of the five patients who discontinued oral finasteride for 8-12 months, four demonstrated good improvement in hair density when treatment was resumed with topical minoxidil-finasteride combination. Conclusion: Topical finasteride can be considered for hair density maintenance after initial improvement with oral finasteride, thereby obviating the indefinite use of oral finasteride.\nKeywords: Androgenetic alopecia, maintenance of hair density, oral finasteride, topical finasteride, topical minoxidil\nHow to cite this article:\nChandrashekar B S, Nandhini T, Vasanth V, Sriram R, Navale S. Topical minoxidil fortified with finasteride: An account of maintenance of hair density after replacing oral finasteride. Indian Dermatol Online J 2015;6:17-20\nHow to cite this URL:\nChandrashekar B S, Nandhini T, Vasanth V, Sriram R, Navale S. Topical minoxidil fortified with finasteride: An account of maintenance of hair density after replacing oral finasteride. Indian Dermatol Online J [serial online] 2015 [cited 2019 Apr 22];6:17-20. Available from: http://www.idoj.in/text.asp?2015/6/1/17/148925\nIntroduction\nAndrogenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common form of hair loss experienced in genetically predisposed individuals. It occurs due to the stimulation of genetically susceptible hair follicles by dihydrotestosterone (DHT). DHT causes follicular miniaturization, resulting in decreased hair density.\nFinasteride reduces DHT level by inhibiting type II 5α reductase, [1] the enzyme responsible for conversion of testosterone to DHT, thereby inhibiting miniaturization of hair follicles. It also promotes the anagen phase of hair growth. Oral intake of finasteride reduces DHT levels in the blood and causes side effects such as decreased libido, erectile dysfunction, etc., These side effects are temporary and normalize with continued use. [1],[2],[3] Once oral finasteride is stopped, the DHT level rises and reverses its effects, thereby resulting in less dense hair. This accounts for an indefinite period of oral finasteride treatment. [4]\nStudies show that topical finasteride appears to have results equivalent to oral finasteride in AGA, [5],[6] and has better tolerance. Therefore, the we conducted a study to assess the efficacy of topical minoxidil fortified with finasteride in the maintenance of hair density post- treatment with oral finasteride.\nMaterials and Methods\nA retrospective assessment was done in 50 male patients with AGA. The photographs and case sheets of AGA patients with Hamilton grading 5a and 6; and Ludwigs pattern II and III falling in the age group of 20-40 years were selected for this assessment.\nThe patients had undergone treatment with oral finasteride and twice daily application of topical minoxidil 5% for a period of two years. After a considerable improvement in hair density was noticed, the patients were advised to discontinue oral finasteride and were shifted to topical minoxidil 5% fortified with 0.1% finasteride. Forty-five of 50 patients had resumed the treatment with topical finasteride and minoxidil without interruption. Five of 50 patients had discontinued the treatment for a period of 8-12 months resulting in a decrease in hair density to the initial level. These patients were then started only with topical minoxidil fortified with finasteride; oral finasteride was not represcribed. The patients were followed up once every four months for a period of 12 months. At each follow up, the patients' photographs were taken and side effects if any noted.\nPhotographs taken at baseline, i.e. when oral treatment was stopped, and the 4 th month, 8 th month, and 12 th month of topical medication were assessed [Table 1]. The assessment was done by the investigator and an independent observer to avoid bias.\nTable 1: The assessment of hair density maintenance after replacing oral finasteride with topical minoxidil and finasteride combination\nClick here to view\nResults\nOf the 45 patients (on continuous treatment), 25 patients' hair density was moderately maintained, as given in [Table 1]. These patients when shifted from oral to topical finasteride initially experienced some hair loss and then reached a plateau phase. They had no further hair loss and the hair density was well maintained [Figure 1]a-d. Seven patients had a slight decline in hair density when shifted from oral finasteride to topical treatment alone as seen in [Figure 2]a-c and 13 patients did not experience a decline and even showed an improvement in the hair density.\nFigure 1: (a) Initial stage before starting treatment, (b) Improvement after oral finasteride treatment at eight months, (c) Initial decline in hair density when oral finasteride was stopped, (d) Plateauing of hair loss with well maintained hair density\nClick here to view\nFigure 2: (a) Initial phase before starting hair fall treatment, (b) Improvement noticed after oral finasteride treatment, (c) Decline in hair density after switching from oral to topical finasteride\nClick here to view\nFive of 50 patients had stopped all treatment for hair loss and showed a decrease in hair density over a period of 8-12 months [Figure 3]a-c after stopping treatment. All these patients improved when started with topical minoxidil fortified with finasteride as seen in [Figure 3]d. Four of these patients had a good improvement in hair density after one year of follow up [Table 2].\nFigure 3: (a) Initial phase before starting treatment, (b) Improvement noticed after oral finasteride treatment, (c) Decline in hair density after stopping the treatment for a period of eight months, (d) Good improvement in hair density after restarting topical medication\nClick here to view\nTable 2: The improvement of hair density in patients who had discontinued the treatment for a year and started with topical minoxidil and finasteride combination\nClick here to view\nDiscussion\nAGA is an androgen mediated event and is the most common type of alopecia in men. It is genetically inherited and keeps progressing. The main cause is the androgenic hormone DHT. The scalp DHT level is higher in a bald scalp when compared to a hairy scalp. [7] The Food and Drug Administration approved treatment options for male AGA are topical minoxidil and oral finasteride.\n5α reductase causes conversion of testosterone to DHT and finasteride is an inhibitor of type II 5α reductase, thereby reducing the formation of DHT molecules. [1] Hence, patients on oral finasteride have lower concentrations of DHT in blood, thereby a reduced DHT level is noticed in the scalp. This in turn reduces the follicular miniaturization and increases the anagen: telogen ratio. [3]\nA study conducted by Kaufman et al., determined the effect of oral finasteride treatment for two years and the effect of withdrawal of treatment after one year. The results showed that the effect of oral finasteride was much better than the placebo group and there was reversal in the hair density after withdrawing the oral finasteride. This was because of the increased levels of DHT once finasteride had been stopped. [4]\nA study to compare the efficacy of oral vs topical finasteride conducted by Hajheydari et al. says that the efficacy of topical finasteride was at par with that of oral finasteride. [5]\nHowever, the penetration of topical finasteride is a matter of concern. Therefore, minoxidil, a vasodilator and a potassium channel opener was used in combination with finasteride to aid in better absorption. A study conducted by Tanglertsampan comparing the efficacy of 3% minoxidil alone and a combination of 3% minoxidil and 0.1% finasteride topically in the treatment of AGA revealed minoxidil and finasteride combination to be better than minoxidil alone. [8]\nIn our study, 84.44% patients maintained the density well, showing the effectiveness of the combination in maintaining hair growth. In five patients who had discontinued the treatment, it was noted that 80% of patients had good improvement in a year upon restarting the treatment with topical finasteride in combination with minoxidil. This shows that the topical medication alone is beneficial in maintaining hair density as well as improving hair growth.\nOral finasteride is known to cause side effects such as erectile dysfunction and decreased libido due to decreased in blood DHT. [4],[9] Though this occurs in a minority of patients, we noticed that most of our patients were apprehensive about using oral finasteride on a long term basis. The case sheets of the five patients who had discontinued treatment, when reviewed, revealed that they were averse to taking oral finasteride because of its side effects, and hence had discontinued treatment. The patient compliance was good with topical finasteride. However, the limitation of this study is that the serum and scalp DHT levels could not be obtained.\nConclusion\nA majority of patients in this study who discontinued oral finasteride and adopted topical minoxidil fortified with finasteride showed a minimal decline in hair density reaching a plateau phase, after which there was no further decline in the hair density. Furthermore, it was well tolerated with no psychological fear of oral medication and good compliance. The five patients who had discontinued the treatment for a period of 8-12 months when resumed on topical minoxidil and finasteride combination showed good improvement in hair density. The combination of topical minoxidil and finasteride can thus be considered as a beneficial treatment strategy to maintain hair density after achieving initial improvement with oral finasteride, thereby obviating the use of oral finasteride indefinitely.\nReferences\n1.\nAggarwal S, Thareja S, Verma A, Bhardwaj TR, Kumar M. An overview on 5alpha-reductase inhibitors. Steroids 2010;75:109-53.\n2.\nLeyden J, Dunlap F, Miller B, Winters P, Lebwohl M, Hecker D, et al. Finasteride in the treatment of men with frontal male pattern hair loss. J Am Acad Dermatol 1999;40:930-7.\n3.\nVan Neste D, Fuh V, Sanchez-Pedreno P, Lopez-Bran E, Wolff H, Whiting D, et al. Finasteride increases anagen hair in men with androgenetic alopecia. Br J Dermatol 2000;143:804-10.\n4.\nKaufman KD, Olsen EA, Whiting D, Savin R, DeVillez R, Bergfeld W, et al. Finasteride in the treatment of men with androgenetic alopecia. Finasteride Male Pattern Hair Loss Study Group. J Am Acad Dermatol 1998;39:578-89.\n5.\nHajheydari Z, Akbari J, Saeedi M, Shokoohi L. Comparing the therapeutic effects of finasteride gel and tablet in treatment of the androgenetic alopecia. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2009;75:47-51.\n[PUBMED]\n6.\nMazzarella F, Loconsole F, Cammisa A, Mastrolonardo M, Vena GA. Topical finasteride in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia: Preliminary evaluation after a 16-month therapy course. J Dermatol Treat 1997;8:189-92.\n7.\nDallob AL, Sadick NS, Unger W, Lipert S, Geissler LA, Gregoire SL, et al. The effect of finasteride, a 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor, on scalp skin testosterone and dihydrotestosterone concentrations in patients with male pattern baldness. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1994;79:703-6.\n8.\nTanglertsampan C. Efficacy and safety of 3% minoxidil versus combined 3% minoxidil/0.1% finasteride in male pattern hair loss: A randomized, double-blind, comparative study. J Med Assoc Thai 2012;95:1312-6.\n9.\nArca E, Açikgöz G, Taştan HB, Köse O, Kurumlu Z. An open, randomized, comparative study of oral finasteride and 5% topical minoxidil in male androgenetic alopecia. Dermatology 2004;209:117-25.\nFigures\n[Figure 1], [Figure 2], [Figure 3]\nTables\n[Table 1], [Table 2]\nThis article has been cited by\n1 Integrative Bioinformatics Approaches for Identification of Drug Targets in Hypertension\nDaiane Hemerich,Jessica van Setten,Vinicius Tragante,Folkert W. Asselbergs\nFrontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine. 2018; 5\n[Pubmed] | [DOI]\n2 Efficacy of Topical Combination of 0.25% Finasteride and 3% Minoxidil Versus 3% Minoxidil Solution in Female Pattern Hair Loss: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Study\nPoonkiat Suchonwanit,Wimolsiri Iamsumang,Salinee Rojhirunsakool\nAmerican Journal of Clinical Dermatology. 2018;\n[Pubmed] | [DOI]\n3 Androgenetic alopecia: a review\nFrancesca Lolli,Francesco Pallotti,Alfredo Rossi,Maria C. Fortuna,Gemma Caro,Andrea Lenzi,Andrea Sansone,Francesco Lombardo\nEndocrine. 2017;\n[Pubmed] | [DOI]\n4 Formulación magistral en las enfermedades del pelo\nMaribel Iglesias Sancho,Nuria Lamas Doménech,Francesc Llambí Mateos\nPiel. 2016; 31(2): 131\n[Pubmed] | [DOI]\n5 Beard hair density increase. A possible role of topical tretinoin application?\nMichelangelo Vestita,Giuseppe Giudice,Domenico Bonamonte,Doriana Apruzzi,Angela Filoni\nDermatologic Therapy. 2016;\n[Pubmed] | [DOI]\n6 Nuevas tendencias en el uso de inhibidores de la 5a-reductasa\nAdrián de Quintana-Sancho,María Teresa Conde Calvo\nPiel. 2016;\n[Pubmed] | [DOI]\n7 Tratamiento actual de la alopecia androgenética masculina\nClaudia Bernárdez,Ana María Molina-Ruiz\nPiel. 2015;\n[Pubmed] | [DOI]\nSearch\nSimilar in PUBMED\nSearch Pubmed for\nChandrashekar B S\nNandhini T\nVasanth V\nSriram R\nNavale S\nSearch in Google Scholar for\nChandrashekar B S\nNandhini T\nVasanth V\nSriram R\nNavale S\nRelated articles\nAndrogenetic alopecia\nmaintenance of hair density\noral finasteride\ntopical finasteride\ntopical minoxidil\nAccess Statistics\nEmail Alert *\nAdd to My List *\n* Registration required (free)\nIn this article\nAbstract\nIntroduction\nMaterials and Me...\nResults\nDiscussion\nConclusion\nReferences\nArticle Figures\nArticle Tables\nArticle Access Statistics\nViewed 11665\nPrinted 46\nEmailed 2\nPDF Downloaded 868\nComments [Add]\nCited by others 7\nSitemap | What's New | Feedback | Disclaimer\n© Indian Dermatology Online Journal | Published b
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Zinc - Lakeshore Natural Foods\nMy Account\nContact Us\nHome\nProduct Directory\nIngredient Glossary\nStore Specials\nHealth-E-Coupons\nEvents Calendar\nNews & Features\nReference Room\nHealth Calculators\nFind A Practitioner\nAbout Our Store\nTable of Contents > Herbs & Supplements > Zinc\nZinc\nRelated terms\nBackground\nEvidencetable\nTradition\nDosing\nSafety\nInteractions\nAttribution\nBibliography\nRelated Terms\nA-84, Articulin-F, atomic number 30, Ayurvedic zinc tablet, elemental zinc, Herpigon, Indian tin, jasad bhasma, Labcatal®, MezincT, Orazinc®, pewter, Solvezink®, sodium zinc metasilicate, Virunderim Gel®, Zicam®, zinc acetate, zinc acexamate, zinc aspartate, zinc bacitracin, zinc carbonate, zinc chewing gum, zinc chloride, zinc citrate, zinc dithionite, zinc gluconate, zinc hyaluronate, zinc lozenges, zinc methionate, zinc methionine, zinc methionine sulfate, zinc monomethionine, zinc oxide, zinc oxide dressings (MezincT), zinc oxide oil, zinc picolinate, zinc pythione (ZPT), zinc stearate, zinc sulfate, zinc sulphate, Zincaps, Zincolak®, Zincomed, Zineryt® lotion, zink, Zinklet tablets, ZN, Zn, ZnSO4.\nSelected combination products: Acexamate®, Aquaphor®, Nel's Cream®, Oxyrich, Zeta N®, Zicam® Nasal Gel, Zineryt®, Zincovit, Zinvit-C250.\nBackground\nZinc is a trace mineral that is needed for many important functions in the body. The human body contains approximately 2-3 grams of zinc, mostly in the skeletal muscles and bones. Zinc is also found in the kidney, pancreas, retina, teeth, hair, skin, liver, blood cells, prostate, and testes.\nZinc is available through foods such as beef, pork, shellfish, peanuts, and legumes. Severe zinc deficiency may still be found in developing countries. Deficiency may cause problems with growth, diarrhea, hair loss, and immune function. Although it is rare in developed countries, some cases may be found in elderly and pregnant people. Mild zinc deficiency may be overlooked, since symptoms are not always obvious and may include loss of hair, appetite, weight, and the senses of taste and smell.\nZinc has been found to be effective for treating diarrhea, stomach ulcers, and zinc deficiency. There is good evidence to support its use for acne, ADHD, herpes simplex virus, immune function, and sickle cell anemia. Zinc has also been studied for Wilson's disease (excessive copper in the body), although results are mixed. Zinc has gained popularity for preventing the common cold, but research is still unclear.\nThere is still controversy on the role of zinc for many other diseases. Much evidence is conflicting or unclear.\nEvidence Table\nThese uses have been tested in humans or animals. Safety and effectiveness have not always been proven. Some of these conditions are potentially serious, and should be evaluated by a qualified healthcare provider.\nGRADE *\nStudies in developing countries found that zinc may reduce the severity and duration of diarrhea in poorly nourished children, especially those with low zinc levels.\nA\nThe healing process of stomach ulcers may be enhanced through treatment with zinc, although more studies are needed to more clearly determine its effects. Most studies report few or no side effects associated with its use.\nA\nZinc deficiency is caused by inadequate intake or absorption, increased zinc excretion, or increased bodily need for zinc. Zinc deficiency symptoms include growth and development problems, hair loss, diarrhea, impotence, eye and skin conditions, and loss of appetite. Other symptoms may include weight loss, delayed wound healing, taste changes, and mental slowness. Zinc can be measured in plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and hair.\nA\nZinc taken by mouth or applied to the skin seems to be a safe and effective treatment for acne. However, some results are conflicting, and many studies used combination treatments. More research on the effects of zinc alone are needed.\nB\nEarly studies report that zinc may benefit children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Zinc may reduce hyperactive, impulsive, and social problems. Zinc may be more effective for older children with higher body mass index (BMI) scores. Further research is required.\nB\nEarly research has looked at the use of zinc for herpes types 1 or 2. Several studies used combination treatments, so the exact role of zinc is unclear. However, most results suggest that zinc may be a safe and effective alternative treatment for herpes types 1 and 2.\nB\nZinc appears to be essential for the immune system, but research on its impact on immune function is limited. Zinc gluconate may benefit immune cells. There are few studies on zinc levels and zinc use in elderly people. Further research is needed before a conclusion can be made.\nB\nThere is good evidence to suggest that zinc may help manage or reduce symptoms of sickle cell anemia. Most of these studies reported increased height, weight, immune system function, and testosterone levels, and decreased numbers of complications following zinc treatment.\nB\nEarly research suggests that zinc treatment may be effective in the management of Wilson's disease. More studies are needed to confirm these early results. Galzin® (zinc acetate) is a U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug used to block the absorption of copper in people with Wilson's disease. It is meant to be an additional treatment to standard therapy.\nB\nMost studies have found a lack of positive effect of zinc on macular degeneration. However, some high-quality research has found that zinc may help prevent the disease. Since study results are conflicting, more research is needed before a conclusion can be made.\nC\nIn early research, supplementation that included zinc in HIV-infected children improved appetite. However, the effects of zinc alone cannot be determined at this time. More studies using zinc alone are needed before a conclusion may be made.\nC\nChewing gum containing zinc or rinsing out the mouth with a solution containing zinc seemed to reduce bad breath in early studies. More research is needed before a conclusion may be made.\nC\nLimited research has found that children with beta-thalassemia who took zinc supplements by mouth for 1-7 years increased in height more than those who did not take zinc. More studies are needed to confirm these findings.\nC\nStudies suggest a potential role for zinc supplementation in aceruloplasminemia, a blood disorder in which iron builds up in the brain. Further research is required before conclusions may be made.\nC\nIn early research, boils in people treated with zinc did not reappear. More studies are needed to confirm this potential benefit.\nC\nStudies of zinc sulfate supplements given to burn victims to increase healing rate have found mixed results. Further research is needed before a conclusion can be made.\nC\nEarly research reports that people undergoing radiation therapy for head and neck cancers had a better outcome after taking zinc than those who did not take zinc. More high-quality research is needed to confirm these findings.\nC\nZinc sulfate has been studied for the treatment of canker sores. However, the results are conflicting, and a clear conclusion may not be made at this time.\nC\nEarly studies suggest a lack of effect of zinc supplements for people with celiac disease that did not respond to other treatment. More research is needed in this area.\nC\nEarly research suggests that zinc may have benefits on some side effects of chemotherapy. However, further study is needed before firm conclusions can be made.\nC\nEarly studies indicate that zinc supplementation may enhance recovery in people with closed head injuries. Further research is needed to confirm these results.\nC\nEarly studies indicate that daily supplementation with zinc may be of limited usefulness for improving cognition in adolescent girls and lead-exposed children. Further research may be needed in this area.\nC\nEarly studies report that zinc supplementation in people under 70 may benefit cognitive function. More studies are needed before a conclusion may be made.\nC\nAvailable studies report conflicting results on the impact of zinc on the common cold. Overall, studies suggest that if taken when symptoms begin, zinc may help treat cold symptoms. Effects are strongest in adults. Zinc gluconate is not recommended for sore throats. Further research is needed to clarify which zinc formulas are effective for reducing symptoms. More studies are needed before a firm conclusion may be drawn.\nC\nZinc supplementation lacked effect on the nutritional status of people receiving CAPD in early studies. Further research is needed to confirm these results.\nC\nZinc is required for a functional immune system. In non-critically ill people, zinc supplementation has been linked to improved immune function. Further research is required in people with critical illness before conclusions may be made.\nC\nEarly studies suggest that injecting zinc sulfate into lesions in people with leishmaniasis, a parasitic disease caused by a sandfly bite, may help improve symptoms. However, results are mixed, and more research is needed in this area.\nC\nZinc supplementation does not seem to benefit lung function in children with cystic fibrosis. Further research is needed to confirm available study results.\nC\nShampoo containing 1 percent zinc pyrithione has been shown to reduce dandruff in some people. More high-quality research is needed in this area.\nC\nIn a small study, zinc supplementation lacked an effect on mental function in adults with senile dementia. Larger, more well-designed trials are needed.\nC\nDiabetic people typically have lower zinc levels when compared with healthy people. According to early high-quality studies, zinc supplementation in type 2 diabetics may improve zinc level and blood sugar control. Further research is needed before a conclusion can be made.\nC\nZinc taken by mouth may improve blood sugar control and nerve pain. Further research is needed before a conclusion can be made.\nC\nZinc may reduce the incidence of diaper rash and have a preventive effect. More well-designed trials are needed before a conclusion may be made.\nC\nIn several studies, zinc supplements seemed to benefit children with Down's syndrome. However, zinc seems to lack an effect on depressed immune systems. Additional research is needed before a firm conclusion can be made.\nC\nZinc may benefit children with shigellosis, a bacterial infection, as an addition to standard therapy. More well-designed trials are needed before a conclusion may be made.\nC\nThere are mixed results on the effects of zinc for treating ear infections. More research is needed in this area.\nC\nZinc may help treat symptoms of anorexia in young adults. More research is needed to confirm these results.\nC\nThere are conflicting results on the link between zinc levels and eczema. Early study suggests that zinc may actually increase itching after several weeks of supplementation. Additional information is needed to help clarify these results.\nC\nZinc may improve exercise performance in athletes with low serum zinc or zinc deficiencies. Additional evidence is needed before a conclusion can be made.\nC\nGilbert's syndrome may lead to yellow of the skin and is more common in men. Zinc sulfate supplementation was found to have benefits in early research. Further study is needed to confirm these results.\nC\nZinc supplementation may affect thyroid hormone profiles in people with goiter. More research is needed before a conclusion may be made.\nC\nStudies looking at the effects of zinc on growth have found conflicting results. More research is needed in this area.\nC\nA few studies have reported a significant reduction in plaque following treatment with zinc rinses. Early research suggests that zinc citrate may reduce the severity of hardened plaque on the gums. However, more studies are needed to confirm such benefits. More research may help to determine zinc's potential effectiveness for other aspects of dental health.\nC\nEarly studies on the use of zinc in treating hair loss have found conflicting results. Additional information is needed before a conclusion can be made.\nC\nEarly studies looking at zinc for hepatic encephalopathy have found conflicting results.\nC\nZinc may improve blood cholesterol levels in people undergoing treatment for kidney disease. There is some evidence that zinc may improve the ratio of HDL (\"good cholesterol\") to LDL (\"bad cholesterol\"), which would be considered a positive effect. More research is needed before a conclusion can be made.\nC\nPeople with HIV/AIDS, especially those with low zinc levels, may benefit from zinc supplementation. Early studies found fewer infections, weight gain, and enhanced immune function. However, findings are conflicting. Further research is needed before a conclusion can be made.\nC\nEarly research did not report a benefit of zinc in people with high prolactin levels. Further research is required before conclusions may be drawn.\nC\nEarly research suggests that zinc supplementation may improve thyroid hormone levels in women with reduced thyroid function. More studies are needed before a conclusion may be made.\nC\nAlthough zinc is frequently thought to have positive effects on incision wound healing, few studies have looked at this use. Further research is needed before a conclusion can be made.\nC\nClinical trial results suggest a lack of positive benefit from zinc on the mental and physical development of infants. More studies on zinc therapy alone are needed before a conclusion may be made.\nC\nZinc may decrease incidence of infection, although this may depend on the type of infection. More research is needed in this area.\nC\nMany studies report benefits of zinc supplements on infertility, although this effect may depend on the cause of infertility. More information is needed before a firm conclusion can be drawn.\nC\nStudies of zinc supplementation for inflammatory bowel disease have had mixed results. Some research reports positive effects for people with Crohn's disease, while others found a lack of improvement. More research is needed to confirm these results.\nC\nEarly studies show potential improvement in people with kidney dysfunction taking zinc supplements. Zinc supplementation may be suggested only in people with proven zinc deficiency, but for all people with chronic kidney failure, it is questionable. Further research is needed to confirm available study results.\nC\nShort-term zinc supplementation may increase weight gain and decrease infections, swelling, diarrhea, anorexia, and skin ulcers in children with extreme malnourishment. More research is needed in this area.\nC\nThere are conflicting findings regarding the potential benefit of zinc for healing leg ulcers. All studies, however, reported a lack of or few adverse effects. The healing process of leg ulcers may be enhanced through treatment with zinc, although further studies are needed to determine to which extent zinc may benefit people with leg ulcers.\nC\nA few studies have examined the use of zinc for leprosy. Studies of zinc taken by mouth have reported positive results, while other research on zinc applied to the skin has reported negative results. Further research is needed before a conclusion can be made.\nC\nPeople with alcoholic liver cirrhosis may be deficient in zinc. Early studies suggest that zinc may benefit these people. Further evidence is needed to confirm these findings.\nC\nEarly studies have shown that zinc in combination with interferon, or interferon and ribavirin, for hepatitis C viral infection lacked significant benefits. Further research may be needed in this area. Recent high-quality evidence suggests that supplementation with polaprezinc may decrease damage to liver cells.\nC\nStudies suggest that supplementation with zinc may reduce lower respiratory infections in children. Some studies suggest that these effects are apparent only in boys and not girls. Due to conflicting results, further research is needed before a conclusion can be made. Future studies could examine whether adult populations have a similar response.\nC\nResults are conflicting for the effect of zinc on malaria symptoms. Some high-quality studies suggest a lack of effect of zinc supplementation on the severity of malaria. Other studies suggest that zinc supplementation may reduce the number of stays in the hospital and the death rate. Further research is needed.\nC\nZinc has been studied for its effects in malnutrition with mixed results on weight gain. Some research found that zinc supplementation may help prevent diarrhea, pneumonia, and stunting, with conflicting effects on growth.\nC\nEarly research suggests a possible role for zinc supplementation in menstrual cramps. Additional research is needed to confirm these findings.\nC\nZinc supplementation may improve mood states in young women. More research is needed before a conclusion may be made.\nC\nZinc sulfate may help improve symptoms of inflammation in the mouth and throat. Further study is required in this area.\nC\nRadiation may cause the side effect of inflammation inside the mouth, nose, and throat. Research suggests that zinc may lower the degree of inflammation in people undergoing radiation. Further research is needed to confirm these results.\nC\nEvidence from available studies found a lack of association between zinc supplementation and the risk of death among children. Additional research is needed in this area.\nC\nZinc supplementation may improve muscle cramps in people with liver scarring. Further research is needed to confirm available study results.\nC\nZinc sulfate injected into the lesions has been found to benefit people with leishmaniasis. Zinc may decrease the severity of parasite infection and reinfection, but seems to lack effect on initial infection. More research is needed to examine how zinc affects parasite life cycles. Recent high-quality studies have found that zinc and vitamin A may reduce infection rate and duration in children. Due to conflicting results, more research is needed before zinc can be recommended for the treatment of parasites.\nC\nA combination of spirulina extract plus zinc may be useful for the treatment of arsenic poisoning. More research is needed to confirm the effects of zinc alone.\nC\nEvidence is lacking to suggest that zinc offers benefits during pregnancy, although there is a possible reduction in labor complications and early deliveries. However, other results suggest a possible benefit of zinc on blood pressure during pregnancy. Further research is needed before a conclusion can be made.\nC\nZinc supplementation may improve blood sugar tolerance in people with liver scarring. More research is needed before a conclusion may be made.\nC\nEarly studies suggest that zinc supplements taken with antibiotics may be more effective than antibiotics alone in reducing pain, urinary symptoms, quality of life, and pressure in people with long-term prostate inflammation. Further research is needed to confirm these results.\nC\nThere are only a few studies that examined zinc treatment on symptoms of psoriasis. Although some evidence shows a reduction in pain and joint swelling, other studies found a lack of effect. Further research is needed to clarify these results.\nC\nEvidence suggests a possible role for zinc supplementation as an additional therapy for the treatment of tumor growth in the air passages. Further investigation is needed.\nC\nStudies on the effects on zinc on upper respiratory tract infections have produced mixed results. More studies are needed before a conclusion may be made.\nC\nEarly studies found that zinc supplementation lacked benefit in people with rheumatic disease. Further research is needed before a conclusion can be made.\nC\nMost trials did not show significant improvements in arthritis symptoms following zinc treatment. More studies are needed before a conclusion can be made.\nC\nStudies on the effectiveness of zinc in treating ringing of the ears have found conflicting results. Further research is necessary before a conclusion can be made.\nC\nSeveral studies have been conducted in men on long-term kidney disease treatment who have sexual disorders. However, the results are conflicting. More studies are needed before a conclusion may be made.\nC\nEarly evidence suggests that applying zinc oxide oil to the skin may help manage skin damage in people with urine leakage. Further research is needed to confirm these results.\nC\nZinc may help reduce stress in the elderly. More trials are needed before a conclusion may be made.\nC\nResults from studies investigating the potential role of zinc in treating taste and smell disorders are conflicting. More research is needed to determine if zinc contributes to the treatment of taste and smell disorders.\nC\nResults from studies investigating the potential role of zinc in treating taste and smell disorders in people with cancer or kidney disease are mixed. Recent studies showed a lack of benefit of zinc supplementation on taste changes in people undergoing radiation therapy for head and neck cancer. Well-designed research is needed in this area.\nC\nZinc pyrithione shampoo may be an effective treatment for tinea versicolor. Side effects were not noted in available research. Additional research is needed before a conclusion may be made.\nC\nZinc hyaluronate may help heal foot ulcers in people with diabetes. More studies are needed before a conclusion may be made.\nC\nLittle research is available on the use of zinc for the treatment of trichomoniasis, a sexually transmitted disease (STD) causing inflammation of the vagina. A zinc sulfate douche and the prescription antibiotic metronidazole may help treat people with this condition. However, more research is needed before a firm conclusion can be made.\nC\nEarly research suggests that zinc sulfate may be effective for viral warts. More studies are needed to clarify early study results.\nC\n* Key to grades\nA: Strong scientific evidence for this use\nB: Good scientific evidence for this use\nC: Unclear scientific evidence for this use\nD: Fair scientific evidence for this use (it may not work)\nF: Strong scientific evidence against this use (it likley does not work)\nTradition / Theory\nThe below uses are based on tradition, scientific theories, or limited research. They often have not been thoroughly tested in humans, and safety and effectiveness have not always been proven. Some of these conditions are potentially serious, and should be evaluated by a qualified healthcare provider. There may be other proposed uses that are not listed below.\nAging (frailty), alcoholism, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiseptic (skin), asthma, birth control, bone diseases, bowel disorders (short bowel syndrome), cleansing (douching), clogged arteries, diabetic eye disease, energy (children), enlarged prostate, eye disorders, human papilloma virus (HPV), Huntington's disease, hyperglycemia (high blood sugar levels), hypoxia (lack of oxygen), menopause, mental disorders, osteoarthritis, pancreatitis (pancreas inflammation), Parkinson's disease, poisoning (nickel), postpartum depression, schizophrenia, seizures, skin disorders, spleen disorders, toxicity, tuberculosis, wound healing (general wounds).\nDosing\nAdults (18 years and older)\nNote: Avoid use of intranasal Zicam®. Numerous reports exist of loss of smell associated with zinc-containing Zicam® products. These zinc-containing formulas have since been withdrawn from the U.S. market.\nThe current recommended dietary allowance for zinc taken by mouth is: 11 milligrams for males 19 years old and older; 8 milligrams for females 19 years and older; 11 milligrams for pregnant females 19 years old and older; and 12 milligrams for lactating females 19 years and older.\nFor acne, doses of 40-300 milligrams of zinc sulfate two or three times daily with or without food have been taken by mouth for 4-12 weeks. 30-200 milligrams of zinc gluconate prior to a meal daily for 2-3 months has also been studied. The following preparations have been used on the skin: zinc (1.2-1.3%) combined with 4% erythromycin two times daily for up to one year; Nel's cream (containing chloroxylenol and zinc oxide and 5% benzoyl peroxide) two times daily for eight weeks; and 2% zinc sulfate in propylene glycol and ethanol applied three times daily for 12 weeks.\nFor acrodermatitis enteropathica (a rare inherited form of zinc deficiency), experts recommend 1-3 milligrams of zinc sulfate or gluconate salts per kilogram, taken by mouth daily. 45-220 milligrams of zinc sulfate has been taken by mouth three times daily.\nFor age-related macular degeneration, 80-200 milligrams has been used with food once daily or in two divided doses for 2-7 years.\nFor hair loss, Zincomed, containing 220 milligrams of zinc sulfate, has been taken by mouth twice daily for three months.\nFor canker sores, 220-660 milligrams of zinc sulfate has been taken daily by mouth.\nFor burns, 660 milligrams of zinc sulfate has been taken daily by mouth.\nFor cancer, 90 milligrams of zinc sulfate has been taken by mouth daily for five days, with a maintenance dose of 180 milligrams daily. Zinc gluconate (two tablets, each containing 10 milligrams of zinc) has also been used daily for 10 days.\nFor chemotherapy side effects, 45 milligrams of zinc sulfate has been taken by mouth three times daily on the first day of radiation therapy, and one month after finishing treatment. Zinc gluconate has also been taken by mouth.\nFor rheumatic disease, 45 milligrams of zinc by mouth daily for two months was not associated with beneficial effects on clinical outcomes or inflammatory indexes.\nFor cognitive function, 15-30 milligrams of zinc by mouth daily for six months improved spatial working memory. However, unfavorable effects were observed on attention with the 15 milligram daily dose.\nFor the common cold, doses have ranged from 4.5-24 milligrams of zinc (gluconate or acetate) in the form of lozenges taken by mouth every 1-3 hours for 3-14 days or until symptoms resolved. Ten millimoles of zinc gluconate nasal spray has been used in the nose every 15-30 minutes. A loading dose of 46 milligrams of zinc gluconate has been used.\nFor people on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), 100 milligrams of elemental zinc by mouth daily for three months did not improve nutritional status.\nFor skin disorders (leishamaniasis), 2.5-10 milligrams of zinc sulfate per kilogram by mouth for 45 days has shown beneficial effects. Cure rates were dose dependent. Intralesional injections of 2% zinc sulfate have also been studied.\nFor cystic fibrosis, 30 milligrams of zinc gluconate has been taken by mouth daily for 12 months.\nFor dandruff, shampoo containing 1 percent zinc pythione (ZPT) has been used.\nFor dementia, 220 milligrams of zinc sulfate (containing 50 milligrams of elemental zinc) has been used by mouth three times daily for 24 weeks.\nFor diabetes and diabetic nerve pain, 660 milligrams of zinc sulfate has been taken by mouth for six weeks.\nFor people on dialysis, 50 milligrams of zinc by mouth has been used daily for blood cell effects.\nFor Down's syndrome, 135 milligrams of zinc sulfate taken by mouth daily for two months improved immune function.\nFor people receiving dialysis, 50 milligrams of zinc has been taken by mouth daily.\nFor eating disorders, 45-100 milligrams of zinc (zinc sulfate, zinc gluconate, or zinc acetate) has been taken daily by mouth. Twenty-five milligrams of zinc as zinc acetate in a solution taken daily by mouth 30 minutes before each of three meals, for three weeks in people with bulimia nervosa and for four weeks in people with anorexia nervosa, has been studied. A dose of 40 micromoles of zinc has been injected into the vein daily for seven days, followed by 15 milligrams by mouth daily for 60 days.\nFor eczema, 220 milligrams of zinc sulfate has been taken daily by mouth (duration not specified).\nFor exercise performance, 20 milligrams of zinc has been taken by mouth daily for seven days.\nFor boils, 45 milligrams of zinc (Solvezink®, Tika) has been used by mouth three times daily for four weeks.\nFor stomach ulcers, 300 milligrams of A-84 (e-acetamide zinc caproate) has been taken with meals three times daily for three weeks, and 300-900 milligrams of zinc acexamate has been taken with or without food 1-3 times daily for up to 90 days, sometimes followed by 600 milligrams of zinc acexamate once daily before bed for another three months. A single dose of 600 milligrams of zinc acexamate has been taken by mouth. Doses of 900-1,800 milligrams have been taken by mouth in steadily increasing doses daily for four weeks.\nFor Gilbert's syndrome, 40 milligrams of zinc sulfate in a single dose by mouth has been used for acute conditions. For chronic conditions, 100 milligrams of zinc sulfate in a single dose has been used by mouth for seven days.\nFor bad breath, one or two pieces of a zinc chewing gum has been chewed for at least 10 minutes, three times daily for one week.\nFor hepatic encephalopathy, 600 milligrams of zinc sulfate or zinc acetate has been taken by mouth daily for 7-10 days.\nFor herpes simplex virus, the following has been applied to the skin: 0.3% zinc oxide/glycine cream applied every two hours until the sore resolves or for 21 days; Virunderim Gel®, containing 10 milligrams of zinc sulfate, for up to 12 days; 0.01-0.05% zinc sulfate solution applied often during a breakout and once per week during remission; and 4% zinc sulfate solution in water.\nFor high cholesterol, 7.7 micromoles of zinc sulfate (50 milligrams of elemental zinc) has been taken by mouth daily for 90 days, and 150 milligrams of zinc has been taken by mouth daily for 12 weeks. Doses of 15-160 milligrams have been taken daily for 4-52 weeks.\nFor high prolactin levels, acute administration of 37.5 milligrams of zinc sulfate (as zinc sulfate diluted in 20 milliliters of deionized water) every 30 minutes for 240 minutes was not shown to have an effect on prolactin levels. Chronic administration of 47.7 milligrams of zinc three times daily for 60 days was also not shown to have an effect on prolactin levels.\nFor HIV/AIDS, 10-200 milligrams of zinc sulfate has been taken by mouth daily for 14 days to 18 months as an aid to immune response, and 125 milligrams of zinc gluconate taken by mouth twice daily for three weeks increased the levels of immune cells.\nFor immune function, the following doses have been taken by mouth in various people: in the elderly, 12-150 milligrams of elemental zinc daily for up to one month, or 440 milligrams of zinc sulfate in two divided doses daily for one month, or 100 milligrams of zinc daily for three months; in people with alcoholic cirrhosis, 200 milligrams of zinc sulfate for two months; in people with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, 0.02 milligrams of zinc per kilogram of body weight (duration unspecified); in healthy men, 30 milligrams of zinc daily for 14 weeks; in people with cancer, two tablets of zinc gluconate (each containing 10 milligrams of zinc) daily for 10 days; and 120 milligrams of zinc sulfate after dialysis sessions. A 10% zinc sulfate in Aquaphor® ointment has also been applied to the skin as a one-time dose. Intravenous zinc (dose unavailable) for eight weeks has been used. 30 milligrams of zinc sulfate has been used for the first three days of total parenteral nutrition. A dose of 17.3 milligrams of zinc sulfate has been administered intravenously in saline daily for 28 days. A dose of 30 milligrams of zinc sulfate has been taken by mouth daily during the first three days of nutrition injected into the vein. Doses of 10-20 milligrams of zinc gluconate have been taken by mouth daily for 120 days.\nFor impaired glucose tolerance, 200 milligrams of zinc has been taken by mouth three times daily for 60 days.\nFor incision wounds, 220 milligrams of zinc sulfate has been taken by mouth three times daily following surgery to promote wound healing.\nFor infertility, the following doses have been taken by mouth: 50 milligrams of zinc daily in people undergoing hemodialysis; 66 milligrams of zinc sulfate daily for 26 weeks in fertile and subfertile males to increase sperm count; 250 milligrams of zinc sulfate twice daily for three months; 220 milligrams of zinc sulfate (Zincolak® caps, Shalaks Chemicals) once daily for four months; 440 milligrams of zinc sulfate for up to 24 months; 220 milligrams of zinc sulfate for impotence and hypogonadism in people with hepatic cirrhosis; and 500 milligrams of zinc daily with hydrochlorothiazide. Zinc-L-hydrogen-aspartate solution added to 10 liters of commercially available dialysis concentrate to achieve a plasma zinc concentration of 19.5-25 micromoles per liter has been used. Zinc chloride added to dialysate to achieve a serum zinc concentration of 17% has been used for six weeks. A dose of 150 milligrams of zinc has been taken by mouth daily in three divided doses. A dose of 250 milligrams of zinc has been taken by mouth twice daily for three months. Doses of 66-500 milligrams of zinc sulfate have been taken by mouth daily for 13-26 weeks.\nFor mouth and throat inflammation, 220 milligrams of zinc sulfate has been taken by mouth once daily after meals for 10 days.\nFor inflammatory bowel disease, 300 milligrams of zinc aspartate (equal to 60 milligrams of elemental zinc) has been taken by mouth daily for four weeks. In people with ulcerative colitis, 220 milligrams of zinc sulfate has been taken by mouth three times daily for 3-4 weeks. 200 milligrams of zinc sulfate has been taken by mouth daily for three months in people with Crohn's disease. Zinc sulfate at a dose of 110 milligrams has been taken by mouth three times daily for eight weeks.\nFor intestinal malabsorption, the following doses of zinc have been taken by mouth: 100 milligrams three times daily; and 19 milligrams daily.\nFor leg ulcers, the following doses of zinc have been taken by mouth: 220 milligrams of zinc sulfate 1-3 times daily for up to 12 months; 660 milligrams daily; and 220 milligrams of zinc sulfate three times daily (duration not specified). The following has been applied to the skin: 250-510 micrograms of zinc oxide per square centimeter in polyvinyl pyrrolidone; zinc oxide dressings (MezincT) for eight weeks; gauze compress medicated with zinc oxide (400 micrograms of zinc oxide per square centimeter) for eight weeks; and zinc oxide (400 micrograms of zinc oxide per square centimeter) applied to gauze compresses, changed once daily for 8 weeks.\nFor leprosy, 220 milligrams of zinc sulfate has been taken by mouth as an adjunct to leprosy medication daily for up to 18 months. Zinc oxide tape (approximately 30%) on leprosy wounds has also been used.\nFor liver cirrhosis, the following doses of zinc have been taken by mouth: 200 milligrams of zinc sulfate daily for two months; 220 milligrams of zinc sulfate twice daily for 12 weeks; and 200 milligrams three times daily for 42-60 days.\nFor mood disorders, seven milligrams of zinc has been taken by mouth daily for 10 weeks.\nFor muscle cramps in people with cirrhosis, 220 milligrams of zinc sulfate has been taken by mouth twice daily for 12 weeks.\nFor nickel-positive people, 100 milligrams of zinc sulfate has been taken by mouth three times daily for 30 days.\nFor plaque or gingivitis, the following has been used: a mouthwash with 0.001% zinc twice daily for three weeks; a dentifrice containing 0.5% zinc citrate as a substitute for toothpaste three times daily for 12 weeks; a dentifrice containing 0.5% zinc citrate trihydrate, 0.15% fluoride as sodium monofluorophosphate, silica abrasive, and 0.20% triclosan twice daily in combination with normal brushing for four weeks; and 10 milliliters of an active mouthwash of 0.2% zinc citrate (600 parts per million of zinc) for one minute twice daily for seven days.\nFor pregnancy, the recommended daily allowance (RDA) of zinc is as follows: 11 milligrams daily for pregnant women 19 years of age and older; or 12 milligrams daily in pregnant women 14-18 years of age. The following doses have been taken by mouth: 14 milligrams of iron and 250 micrograms of folate with 15 milligrams of zinc from week 10-24 of gestation until delivery; 44 milligrams of zinc (Zinclet®, Gunnar Kjems Aps) from <20 weeks of gestation until delivery; 66 milligrams of zinc sulfate daily after breakfast in women who were <20 weeks of gestation until delivery; 30-90 milligrams of zinc gluconate daily starting in the 20th week of pregnancy until delivery; and 22.5 milligrams of zinc as citrate in effervescent tablets for the last 15-25 weeks of pregnancy. A dose of 22.5 milligrams of zinc as citrate in tablets has been taken by mouth for the last 15-25 weeks of pregnancy. Zinc tablets (25 milligrams) have been taken by mouth throughout pregnancy until six weeks following delivery. Doses of 15-62 milligrams of zinc have been taken by mouth daily beginning around the middle of the second trimester (16-20 weeks) and continuing until birth. Doses of zinc ranging from 5-90 milligrams have been taken by mouth daily starting from at least 26 weeks' pregnancy.\nFor psoriasis, the following doses of zinc have been taken by mouth: 220 milligrams of zinc sulfate three times daily for up to six months; 50 milligrams of elemental zinc three times daily; and one tablet containing 220 milligrams of zinc sulfate (45 milligrams of elemental zinc) daily after an evening meal for 12 weeks.\nFor upper respiratory tract infections, the following doses of zinc have been taken by mouth: 15 milligrams of zinc gluconate daily (duration unspecified); and 23 milligrams of zinc gluconate lozenges daily as an initial dose of four lozenges, then one lozenge every two hours for seven days.\nFor rheumatoid arthritis, 200-220 milligrams of zinc sulfate has been taken by mouth three times daily for up to eight months.\nFor sexual dysfunction, the following doses of zinc have been taken by mouth: 220 milligrams of zinc sulfate for impotence and hypogonadism in people with hepatic cirrhosis for 6-8 months; 500 milligrams of zinc as a supplement with hydrochlorothiazide for sexual side effects; and 150 milligrams of zinc daily in three divided doses in men undergoing hemodialysis. Doses of 25-50 milligrams of zinc acetate have been taken by mouth for up to six months. Zinc chloride added to dialysate to achieve a serum zinc concentration of 17 percent has been taken for six weeks. A dose of 400 micrograms per liter of zinc chloride in the dialysate has been taken for four weeks. Zinc-L-hydrogen-aspartate solution has been added to 10 liters of commercially available dialysis concentrate over 12 weeks. A dose of 400 micrograms per liter of zinc chloride has been added to the dialysis bath.\nFor sickle cell anemia management, the following doses of zinc have been taken by mouth: 220 milligrams of zinc sulfate three times daily; 50-75 milligrams of zinc daily for up to three years; a solution of 1% zinc sulfate in distilled water; 15 milligrams of zinc as acetate; 25 milligrams every four hours; 15 milligrams of zinc as acetate three times daily for 12 months; and 660 milligrams of zinc sulfate daily. Up to 75 milligrams of zinc has been taken by mouth once daily for 12 months or 25 milligrams of zinc has been taken by mouth twice daily for an average of four months.\nFor skin damage caused by incontinence, zinc oxide oil (concentration and frequency unspecified) has been applied to the skin for 14 days.\nFor stress, 10 milligrams of elemental zinc has been taken by mouth daily (duration unspecified) in the elderly.\nFor taste disturbances, the following doses of zinc have been taken by mouth: 15-30 milligrams daily (duration unspecified); 140 milligrams of zinc gluconate daily (duration unspecified); 29 milligrams of zinc picolinate three times daily for three months; 100 milligrams of zinc ion for three months; 15 milligrams of zinc sulfate daily for 95 days; 158 milligrams of anhydrous zinc gluconate three times daily for four months; 45 milligrams of zinc sulfate three times daily after meals; 100 milligrams of zinc ion for three months; 100 milligrams of zinc sulfate daily for 4-6 months; 220 milligrams of zinc sulfate daily for six weeks or 50 milligrams of zinc acetate in people undergoing hemodialysis. The following intravenous doses of zinc have also been used: 20-100 milliliters of a 4.25% zinc-L-hydrogen aspartate solution added to 10 liters of a commercially available dialysis concentrate to achieve a plasma concentration of 19.5-20.5 micromoles per liter; and 400 micrograms of zinc chloride per liter of dialysate for four weeks. A dose of 100 milligrams of zinc sulfate has been taken by mouth daily for 4-6 months. Doses of 25-100 milligrams of zinc have been taken by mouth daily. A dose of 0.2 grams of zinc sulfate has been taken by mouth three times daily.\nFor tinea versicolor, 1% lathered zinc pyrithione shampoo has been applied using a long-handled brush to the trunk, arms, and thighs for five minutes prior to taking a shower once daily in the evening for 14 days.\nFor ringing in the ears, the following doses of zinc have been taken by mouth: 22 milligrams of zinc (administered as zinc sulfate in sustained-release tablets) three times daily for eight weeks; 50 milligrams of zinc daily for two months; and 34-68 milligrams of zinc daily for two weeks.\nFor trichomoniasis (a sexually transmitted disease), 220 milligrams of zinc sulfate has been taken by mouth twice daily for three weeks in people unresponsive to metronidazole.\nFor ulcers (foot ulcers), zinc hyaluronate gel has been applied once daily to the ulcer surface after cleaning it with physiologic saline solution (dose unspecified).\nFor viral warts, 10 milligrams of zinc sulfate per kilogram has been taken by mouth daily (up to 600 milligrams daily) for 2-6 months. An ointment containing 20 percent zinc oxide has been applied to the skin twice daily for three months or distilled water containing 5-10 percent zinc sulfate, three times daily for four weeks.\nFor Wilson's disease, the following doses of zinc have been taken by mouth: 25-600 milligrams of zinc 3-5 times daily; and 100-1,200 milligrams of zinc sulfate three times daily for eight days to 27 years.\nChildren (under 18 years old)\nThe current recommended dietary allowance for zinc taken by mouth is: 2 milligrams for 0 to six month-olds; 3 milligrams for seven month-olds to three year-olds; 5 milligrams for 4-8 year-olds; 8 milligrams for 9-13 year-olds; 11 milligrams for males 14-18 years old; 9 milligrams for 14-18 year-old females; 12 milligrams for 14-18 year-old pregnant females; and 13 milligrams for 14-18 year-old breastfeeding females.\nFor acrodermatitis enteropathica, 525 micromoles of zinc has been used by mouth daily in a 16 year-old male.\nFor attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, the following doses of zinc have been taken by mouth: 150 milligrams of zinc sulfate sprinkled into a breakfast drink daily for 12 weeks; 55 milligrams of zinc sulfate (containing approximately 15 milligrams of elemental zinc) in addition to one milligram of methylphenidate per kilogram, daily for six weeks; and 30 milligrams of zinc oxide with or without 30 milligrams of iron for six months. Doses of 15-30 milligrams of zinc has been taken by mouth daily for up to 13 weeks.\nFor beta-thalassemia, the following doses of zinc have been taken by mouth, based on age: 22.5-45 milligrams of elemental zinc (for ages 1-4 years); 67.5 milligrams of elemental zinc (for ages 4-10); and 90 milligrams of elemental zinc (for ages 10 and up).\nFor cognitive function, the following doses of zinc have been taken by mouth: 30 milligrams of zinc oxide with or without 30 milligrams of ferrous fumarate for six months; and 30 milligrams of zinc oxide with or without 30 milligrams of iron for six months.\nFor the common cold, the following doses of zinc have been taken by mouth: 10 milligrams of zinc lozenges 5-6 times daily, based on age; one-half of a zinc lozenge (23 milligrams) (Truett Laboratories, TX), for children under 27 kilograms, every two hours, not to exceed six daily; and zinc gluconate glycine lozenges (Cold-EEZE®) four times daily for the duration of the cold. Lozenges containing 10-23 milligrams of zinc gluconate have been taken by mouth every 2 hours or 5-6 times daily until symptoms resolved or syrup containing 15 milligrams of zinc sulfate twice daily for up to ten days.\nFor cystic fibrosis, tablets containing zinc sulfate (equivalent to 45 milligrams of elemental zinc) have been taken by mouth twice daily for six months, in people 12 and older (children under 12 received half of the dose).\nFor diaper rash, 10 milligrams of zinc gluconate has been taken by mouth for four months as an adjunct to antifungal cream.\nFor diarrhea, the World Health Organization and UNICEF recommend short-term zinc supplementation (10-14 days) (20 milligrams of zinc daily or 10 milligrams of zinc daily for infants < 6 months) for the treatment of acute childhood diarrhea. The following doses of zinc have been taken by mouth: 10-20 milligrams of zinc 1-2 times daily for up to six months; 50-70 milligrams weekly for 12 months; for children aged 3-6 months, 22.5 milligrams of elemental zinc; for children aged 7-60 months, 45 milligrams of elemental zinc daily until the resolution of diarrhea but not exceeding five days; 15 milligrams (for those aged ?12 months) or 30 milligrams (for those aged >12 months) of elemental zinc daily in three divided doses for 14-30 days; zinc gluconate (10 milligrams of elemental zinc to infants and 20 milligrams to older children); 14.2-40 milligrams of zinc daily in children aged 3-24 months; 20 milligrams of zinc acetate in addition to oral rehydration solution (ORS) for 14 days; 10 milligrams of zinc in four milliliters of liquid daily for seven months; zinc syrup (15 milligrams of zinc for 6-11 month-old children and 30 milligrams for 12-35 month-old children); multivitamin juice with 15 milligrams of zinc acetate per kilogram of body weight; and 5-20 milligrams daily for the duration of the illness. Doses of 5-45 milligrams of zinc have been taken by mouth 1-2 times daily for 7-14 days or until the resolution of diarrhea. Doses of 5-70 milligrams of zinc have been taken by mouth daily, weekly, or biweekly for 2-72 weeks, as zinc sulfate, zinc gluconate, zinc methionate, and zinc acetate.\nFor Down syndrome, the following doses of zinc have been taken by mouth: one milligram of zinc sulfate per kilogram of body weight for 2-4 months; 25 milligrams of zinc gluconate daily for children aged 1-9 years and 50 milligrams of zinc gluconate daily for children older than nine years of age, both for 12 months; 20 milligrams of zinc per kilogram daily for two months; and 135 milligrams of zinc daily for two months.\nFor dysentery, 20 milligrams of zinc has been taken by mouth daily for two weeks.\nFor ear infections, 3-70 milligrams of elemental zinc has been taken by mouth daily as zinc sulfate, zinc gluconate, zinc acetate, and zinc chloride for 4-24 months. A formula fortified with 15 milligrams per liter of zinc chloride has been taken by infants daily for 105 days.\nFor eating disorders, 25 milligrams of zinc as zinc acetate in a solution has been taken daily by mouth 30 minutes before each of three meals for three weeks. Doses of 45-90 milligrams of zinc have been taken by mouth daily. Doses of 50-100 milligrams of zinc have been taken by mouth daily for six weeks to six months or until a 10 percent increase in body mass index.\nFor eczema, 22.5 milligrams of zinc has been taken by mouth three times daily (in sustained-release capsules) for eight weeks.\nFor growth, 5-20 milligrams of elemental zinc has been taken by mouth daily for up to six months. Doses of 1-20 milligrams of zinc have been taken by mouth daily for 8-64 weeks.\nFor HIV/AIDS, 1.8-2.2 milligrams of zinc per kilogram has been taken by mouth daily for 3-4 weeks. A dose of 10 milligrams of zinc has been taken by mouth for 6-14.9 months. Doses of 10-100 milligrams of zinc have been taken by mouth daily for two weeks to 18 months.\nFor infant development, 10-20 milligrams of elemental zinc, based on age, has been taken by mouth daily for four months. A minimum of one recommended daily allowance (RDA) of zinc has been taken by mouth as tablets or syrups for 14 days or more within the first month of birth.\nFor infection, the following doses of zinc have been taken by mouth: 30-50 milligrams of zinc five times per week for 12 months for Schistosoma mansoni infection; 20 milligrams of zinc daily with or without 20 milligrams of iron five days per week for one year for episodes of infectious disease.\nFor kwashiorkor, 2-5 milligrams of zinc per kilogram has been taken by mouth for one week.\nFor leg ulcers, 220 milligrams of zinc sulfate heptahydrate (50 milligrams elemental zinc) has been taken by mouth daily.\nFor lower respiratory tract infections, the following doses of zinc have been taken by mouth: 10 milligrams of zinc daily for six months; 10 milligrams of zinc sulfate in four milliliters of liquid daily for seven months; 10 milligrams for infants and 20 milligrams for older children for four months; and 10 milligrams of zinc twice daily for five days. Doses of 5-40 milligrams of zinc or zinc sulfate have been taken by mouth 1-2 times daily for up to 12 months. Two teaspoons (35 milligrams of zinc acetate per 5 milliliters) have been taken by mouth once weekly for 12 months. Ten milliliters of a syrup containing a total of 70 milligrams of zinc has been taken by mouth daily for at least five days. Doses of 20-140 milligrams of zinc have been taken by mouth weekly in divided doses for 4-18 months.\nFor malaria, the following doses of zinc have been taken by mouth: 12.5 milligrams of zinc sulfate six days per week for six months; 10 milligrams of zinc six days per week for up to 46 weeks; and 20 milligrams of zinc daily for infants and 40 milligrams of zinc daily for older children, each for four days.\nFor malnutrition, 40 milligrams of zinc has been taken by mouth daily in three divided doses. Other doses taken by mouth included 1.5-10 milligrams per kilogram, 6.6 milligrams, or 15 milligrams per liter of zinc daily for up to three months.\nFor mortality reduction, 5-10 milligrams of zinc has been taken by mouth, based on age, for a mean of 484.7 days. Doses of 10-20 milligrams of zinc have been taken by mouth daily to weekly for up to six months.\nFor parasites, 10 milligrams of zinc as amino acid chelate has been taken by mouth.\nFor plaque or gingivitis, 0.5% zinc citrate dentifrice has been used in the mouth for three years (frequency unspecified).\nFor pneumonia, the following doses of zinc have been taken by mouth: two teaspoons (35 milligrams of zinc acetate per five milliliters) once weekly for 12 months; 10-20 milligrams of zinc, based on age, daily for 14 days as an adjuvant to antibiotics; and 10 milligram tablets of zinc sulfate twice daily during hospitalization, along with standard therapy for severe pneumonia.\nFor shigellosis (adjunct therapy), 20 milligrams of zinc has been taken by mouth daily for two weeks.\nFor sickle cell anemia management, the following doses of zinc have been taken by mouth: 10 milligrams of zinc daily in five milliliters of cherry soup; 660 milligrams of zinc sulfate daily; and 220 milligrams of zinc sulfate three times daily. Doses of 10-66 milligrams of zinc have been taken by mouth 1-3 times daily for up to five years.\nFor taste disturbances, the following doses of zinc have been taken by mouth: 1 milligram of zinc chelate per kilogram daily for three months; and 0.5-0.75 milligrams of zinc sulfate per kilogram daily for six months in people with renal failure.\nFor taste perception (hemodialysis, cancer), zinc sulfate capsules, containing 15 milligrams of zinc for children <10 years of age or 50 milligrams for adolescents, have been taken by mouth for six weeks (frequency unspecified).\nFor Wilson's disease, the following doses of zinc have been taken by mouth: 25 milligrams of zinc twice daily for children 1-5 years of age; for people 6-15 years of age, if under 125 pounds of body weight, 25 milligrams of zinc three times daily; 50 milligrams of zinc three times daily for children 16 years and older or over 125 pounds; 35 milligrams of elemental zinc twice daily for children under the age of six; 25 milligrams three times daily for children 7-16 or under 125 pounds of body weight; 50 milligrams three times daily for children older than 16 years of age or over 125 pounds; and D-penicillamine, followed by treatment with 150 milligrams of zinc sulfate, three times daily for the first doses, then 100 milligrams three times daily.\nFor skin disorders (leishmaniasis), 2 percent zinc sulfate has been injected into lesions.\nSafety\nThe U.S. Food and Drug Administration does not strictly regulate herbs and supplements. There is no guarantee of strength, purity or safety of products, and effects may vary. You should always read product labels. If you have a medical condition, or are taking other drugs, herbs, or supplements, you should speak with a qualified healthcare provider before starting a new therapy. Consult a healthcare provider immediately if you experience side effects.\nAllergies\nAvoid in people with known allergy or sensitivity to zinc compounds.\nSide Effects and Warnings\nZinc is likely safe when taken by mouth in food, at levels commonly found in foods, or at levels lower than the tolerable upper level (UL). The UL for zinc is 4 milligrams daily for infants up to six months, 5 milligrams daily for infants 7-12 months, 7 milligrams daily for children 1-3 years, 12 milligrams daily for children 4-8years, 23 milligrams daily for children 9-13 years, 34 milligrams daily for children 14-18 years, and 40 milligrams daily for adults 19 and older.\nZinc is possibly safe when levels higher than the UL are used under the guidance of a physician.\nZinc may cause anorexia, asthma-related symptoms, blood disorders, changes in attention, changes in copper metabolism, changes in iron levels, changes in skin pigmentation, changes in thyroid function, changes in zinc levels, bad or different taste, bloating, changes in cholesterol levels, constipation, decreased zinc absorption, diarrhea, dizziness, drowsiness, dry mouth or nose, fatigue, feeling of burning or tingling, genital or urinary complications, headache, hormone changes, immune changes, increased risk of cancer, increased risk of lung or breathing disorders or infections, increased zinc in the urine, indigestion, kidney inflammation, liver failure or inflammation, loss of smell, mouth ulcers, nausea, skin symptoms, stomach cramps or bleeding, throat irritation, tingling in the nose, tissue death, and vomiting.\nZinc may increase the risk of bleeding. Caution is advised in people with bleeding disorders or taking drugs that may increase the risk of bleeding. Dosing adjustments may be necessary.\nZinc may lower blood sugar levels. Caution is advised in people with diabetes or low blood sugar, and in those taking drugs, herbs, or supplements that affect blood sugar. Blood sugar levels may need to be monitored by a qualified healthcare professional, including a pharmacist, and medication adjustments may be necessary.\nUse cautiously in people with or at risk of blood disorders, cancer, copper deficiency, genital or urinary conditions, heart disease, immune disorders, iron deficiency, kidney disorders, liver disease, lung disorders, musculoskeletal disorders, nervous system disorders, skin disorders, stomach disorders, and thyroid disorders.\nUse cautiously in people who are taking ACE inhibitors, agents that affect the immune system, agents that promote urination, antibiotics, anticancer agents (cisplatin), bromelain, caffeine, calcium, cholesterol-lowering agents, chromium, citric acid, copper, corticosteroids, dairy foods, deferoxamine, dexrazoxane, disulfuram, EDTA chelation, estrogens and phytoestrogens, ethanol, fiber, folic acid, histamine-2 (H(2) blocker cimetidine (Tagamet®), iron, magnesium, penicillamine, phenytoin, phosphorus, phytic acid, propofol, proton pump inhibitors, sugar and sugar alcohols, tartaric acid, thyroid hormones, valproate, and zidovudine.\nAvoid in amounts exceeding the UL with a doctor's care. The UL for zinc is 4 milligrams daily for infants up to six months, 5 milligrams daily for infants 7-12 months, 7 milligrams daily for children 1-3 years, 12 milligrams daily for children 4-8 years, 23 milligrams daily for children 9-13 years, 34 milligrams daily for children 14-18 years, and 40 milligrams daily for adults 19 and older.\nAvoid using Zicam® products applied to the nose. These zinc-containing formulas have been withdrawn from the U.S. market.\nAvoid in people with known allergy or sensitivity to zinc compounds.\nAvoid in people who are at risk for hemochromatosis (a metabolic disorder involving iron-containing pigments in the tissues).\nAvoid using for longer than 6-8 weeks for the common cold.\nPregnancy and Breastfeeding\nZinc is likely safe when taken by mouth in amounts generally found in foods (or as part of a multivitamin/multimineral compound) at levels less than the UL in non-allergic women.\nThe recommended daily allowance (RDA) for zinc during pregnancy and breastfeeding is as follows: for pregnant women 19 years old and older, 11 milligrams daily; for pregnant women 14-18 years of age, 13 milligrams daily; for breastfeeding women 19 years of age and older, 12 milligrams daily; and for breastfeeding women 14-18 years of age, 14 milligrams daily.\nInteractions\nInteractions with Drugs\nZinc may increase the risk of bleeding when taken with drugs that increase the risk of bleeding. Some examples include aspirin, anticoagulants (blood thinners) such as warfarin (Coumadin®) or heparin, antiplatelet drugs such as clopidogrel (Plavix®), and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen (Motrin®, Advil®) or naproxen (Naprosyn®, Aleve®).\nZinc may lower blood sugar levels. Caution is advised when using medications that may also lower blood sugar. People taking insulin or drugs for diabetes by mouth should be monitored closely by a qualified healthcare professional, including a pharmacist. Medication adjustments may be necessary.\nZinc may also interact with acetazolamide, agents that affect the immune system, agents that are used for the blood, agents that are used for the liver, agents that are used for mental disorders, agents that are used for osteoporosis, agents that promote urination, agents that treat retrovirus infections (HIV), agents that treat ringing in the ears, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or receptor blockers, anti-acne agents, anti-arthritis agents, antibiotics, anticancer agents, antidiarrheals, antifungal agents, anti-inflammatory agents, anti-malaria agents, anti-parasite agents, anti-seizure agents, antiulcer agents, antivirals, aphrodisiacs, blood pressure-lowering agents, caffeine, calcium salts, carbenoxolone analog (BX24), central nervous system stimulants, cholera vaccine, cholesterol-lowering agents, cognitive agents, cold and flu agents, corticosteroids, deferoxamine (Desferal®), dental agents, dexrazoxane, disulfiram, ethambutol, ethanol (alcohol), exercise performance enhancement agents, eye agents, fertility agents, fluoroquinolones, H2 blockers, hormonal agents, kidney agents, methylphenidate, nervous system agents, niacin, pain relievers, pancreatic enzyme replacements, penicillamine (Cuprimine®), phenytoin, propofol, proton pump inhibitors, sickle cell agents, skin agents, stomach agents, thyroid hormones, tricyclic antidepressants, trientine, vaccines, wound-healing agents, and zidovudine.\nInteractions with Herbs and Dietary Supplements\nZinc may increase the risk of bleeding when taken with herbs and supplements that are believed to increase the risk of bleeding. Multiple cases of bleeding have been reported with the use of Ginkgo biloba, and fewer cases with garlic and saw palmetto. Numerous other agents may theoretically increase the risk of bleeding, although this has not been proven in most cases.\nZinc may lower blood sugar levels. Caution is advised when using herbs or supplements that may also lower blood sugar. Blood glucose levels may require monitoring, and doses may need adjustment.\nZinc may also interact with anti-arthritis herbs and supplements, antibacterials, anticancer herbs and supplements, antidepressants, antidiarrheals, antifungal herbs and supplements, anti-inflammatory herbs and supplements, anti-malaria agents, antioxidants, anti-parasite herbs and supplements, anti-seizure herbs and supplements, antiulcer herbs and supplements, antivirals, aphrodisiacs, ascorbic acid, athletic performance enhancers, blood pressure-lowering herbs and supplements, bromelain, caffeine, calcium salts, carotene, cat's claw, chelation therapy, cholesterol-lowering herbs and supplements, chromium, citric acid, cognitive herbs and supplements, cold and flu herbs and supplements, copper, dental herbs and supplements, ethanol (alcohol), fatty acids, fertility herbs and supplements, folic acid, Hemidesmus indicus, herbs and supplements believed to have estrogenic properties, herbs and supplements that affect the immune system, herbs and supplements that affect the thyroid, herbs and supplements that promote urination, herbs and supplements used for acne, herbs and supplements used for the blood, herbs and supplements used for the eyes, herbs and supplements used for the liver, herbs and supplements used for the lungs, herbs and supplements used for mental disorders, herbs and supplements used for osteoporosis, herbs and supplements used for retrovirus infections, herbs and supplements used for ringing in the ears, herbs and supplements used for the skin, hormonal herbs and supplements, IP-6 (phytic acid), iron salts, magnesium, manganese, mushroom extracts, nervous system herbs and supplements, niacin, nicotinamide, pain relievers, pancreatic enzyme replacements, phosphorous, resveratrol, riboflavin, selenium, sickle cell herbs and supplements, stimulants, stomach herbs and supplements, sugar alcohols, tartaric acid, vitamin A, vitamin D, and wound-healing herbs and supplements.\nAttribution\nThis information is based on a systematic review of scientific literature edited and peer-reviewed by contributors to the Natural Standard Research Collaboration (www.naturalstandard.com).\nBibliography\nBarcelos R, Santos MP, Primo LG, et al. ZOE paste pulpectomies outcome in primary teeth: a systematic review. J Clin Pediatr.Dent. 2011;35(3):241-248.\nCiancio SG. Controlling biofilm with evidence-based dentifrices. Compend.Contin.Educ.Dent. 2011;32(1):70-76.\nFairweather-Tait SJ. Contribution made by biomarkers of status to an FP6 Network of Excellence, EURopean micronutrient RECommendations Aligned (EURRECA). Am.J Clin Nutr. 2011;94(2):651S-654S.\nFrye R, Bailey J, and Blevins AE. Clinical inquiries. Which treatments provide the most relief for pharyngitis pain? J Fam.Pract. 2011;60(5):293-294.\nGonzales SC, Bada MC, Rojas GR, et al. [Clinical practice guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of infectious acute diarrhea in children Peru - 2011]. Rev.Gastroenterol.Peru 2011;31(3):258-277.\nHayes GL, McKinzie BP, Bullington WM, et al. Nutritional supplements in critical illness. AACN.Adv.Crit Care 2011;22(4):301-316.\nKawarazuka N and Bene C. The potential role of small fish species in improving micronutrient deficiencies in developing countries: building evidence. Public Health Nutr. 2011;14(11):1927-1938.\nKing JC. Zinc: an essential but elusive nutrient. Am.J Clin Nutr. 2011;94(2):679S-684S.\nMatovic V, Buha A, Bulat Z, et al. Cadmium toxicity revisited: focus on oxidative stress induction and interactions with zinc and magnesium. Arh.Hig.Rada Toksikol. 2011;62(1):65-76.\nNurmatov U, Devereux G, and Sheikh A. Nutrients and foods for the primary prevention of asthma and allergy: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011;127(3):724-733.\nPatelarou E, Giourgouli G, Lykeridou A, et al. Association between biomarker-quantified antioxidant status during pregnancy and infancy and allergic disease during early childhood: a systematic review. Nutr.Rev. 2011;69(11):627-641.\nSingh M and Das RR. Clinical potential of zinc in prophylaxis of the common cold. Expert.Rev.Respir.Med. 2011;5(3):301-303.\nTomat AL, Costa Mde L, and Arranz CT. Zinc restriction during different periods of life: influence in renal and cardiovascular diseases. Nutrition 2011;27(4):392-398.\nvan Staveren WA and de Groot LC. Evidence-based dietary guidance and the role of dairy products for appropriate nutrition in the elderly. J Am.Coll.Nutr. 2011;30(5 Suppl 1):429S-437S.\nVenick RS, Wozniak LJ, Colangelo J, et al. Long-term nutrition and predictors of growth and weight gain following pediatric intestinal transplantation. Transplantation 11-15-2011;92(9):1058-1062.\nCopyright © 2011 Natural Standard (www.naturalstandard.com)\nThe information in | null | null | null | 33 | 10 | 1 |
Comparative analysis of serum trace element levels in women with invasive cervical cancer in Lagos, Nigeria\nCite this: The Pan African Medical Journal. 2018;31:194. doi:10.11604/pamj.2018.31.194.14425\nReceived: 17/11/2017 - Accepted: 19/10/2018 - Published: 20/11/2018\nKey words: Cervical cancer, Lagos, LUTH, trace elements\n© Kehinde Sharafadeen Okunade et al. The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.\nAvailable online at: http://www.panafrican-med-journal.com/content/article/31/194/full\nCorresponding author: Kehinde Sharafadeen Okunade, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Nigeria ([email protected])\nArticle\nAbstract\nReferences\nSimilar\nResponses\nComparative analysis of serum trace element levels in women with invasive cervical cancer in Lagos, Nigeria\nKehinde Sharafadeen Okunade1,&, Olayemi Olubunmi Dawodu2, Omolola Salako3, Gbemisola Eniola Osanyin1, Adeyemi Adebola Okunowo1, Rose Ihuoma Anorlu1\n1Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Nigeria, 2Department of Anatomic and Molecular Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Nigeria, 3Department of Radiation Oncology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria\n&Corresponding author\nKehinde Sharafadeen Okunade, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Nigeria\nAbstract\nIntroduction: trace elements although present in minute quantities in human blood, they play a vital role in many biochemical enzymatic reactions and have been examined critically as a potential key factor in various human diseases including cancers. This study was aimed to determine the association between serum levels of trace elements and invasive cancer of the cervix.\nMethods: this was an analytical cross-sectional study carried out among women seen at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH). Fifty histologically diagnosed patients with squamous cells carcinoma of the cervix, who had not had any treatment and 100 cancer-free volunteers were recruited. A structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect relevant data following which venous blood sample was obtained from each participant. Serum zinc, copper and selenium concentrations were then measured. The associations of serum trace elements and invasive cervical cancer were tested using the independent sample t-test. All significances were reported at P<0.05.\nResults: there were significantly low serum levels of zinc and selenium in cervical cancer patients with no significant difference seen in the serum level of copper among cervical cancer patients compared to their cancer-free control counterparts.\nConclusion: these alterations in trace elements levels may be important in the pathogenesis of cervical cancers; however, future robust prospective studies are needed to determine if routine provision of these supplements will result in improved cervical cancer treatment outcomes in Nigerian women.\nIntroduction\nCervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women in the developing countries and the seventh most common cancer in the developed countries [1]. Over 500,000 new cases are seen yearly [1] with over 80% of them being from the developing countries [1, 2]. Worldwide, it claims the lives of 300,000 women annually with over 80% coming from the developing countries [1]. It is the most common gynaecological cancer and a leading cause of cancer deaths among women in Nigeria [3]. Out of the estimated 14,550 women who are diagnosed with the disease in Nigeria annually, 9,659 will die from it [4]. Accumulation of free radicals has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases [5]. Trace elements although present in minute quantities in human blood, play a vital role in many biochemical enzymatic reactions and have been examined critically as a potential key factor in various human diseases including cancers. They are known to play a pivotal role in the process of normal growth and differentiation of various tissues in animals and humans [6]. Their requirement for sustenance of tumour cell proliferation is hence considered to be of significant importance [7]. Hence their roles in the prevention of cervical cancer and other invasive cancers of humans are now subjects of discussions and intensive research interests [8-10]. Zinc is one such essential element that prevents the formation of free radicals. In addition to its role as an anti-oxidant, zinc is also known to participate in nearly 120 reactions taking place in a living organism [6].\nMore recently, studies have shown that this element may also play an important regulatory role in initiation of cell-mediated immunity [11]. Recent studies have demonstrated that Zinc deficiency seriously inhibited the development of lymphoid organs, impaired the progression of lymphocytes from the G0/G1 phase to the S phase and caused pathological injury in the lymphoid organs [12]. Significant changes have also been observed for serum copper concentration in various malignant conditions [13] and as a result serum copper concentration is considered as a non-specific marker for monitoring the progression of malignant disease [14]. The essential trace element, Selenium, is one of the major non-enzymatic endogenous antioxidants in human body. The interest of oncologists is now in its roles as a radioprotection of normal tissues, radio-sensitizer in malignant tumours, anti-oedematous effect, prognostic impact and its effects in primary and secondary cancer prevention [15]. Selenium is a constituent of the small group of selenocysteine-containing selenoproteins and elicits important structural and enzymatic functions [16]. It has been shown to possess cancer-preventive and cytoprotective activities in both animal models and humans. It is well established that Selenium has a key role in redox regulation and antioxidant function and hence in membrane integrity, energy metabolism and protection against DNA damage [17]. The serum levels of zinc, copper and selenium in invasive cervical cancer patients have been investigated by a good number of researchers both within and outside Nigeria, with variations in the reported findings [6, 17-19]. There are however, still limited data available to show the association between these trace elements and invasive cancer of the cervix among Nigerian women. This hospital based study was therefore aimed to evaluate the levels of these important trace elements in Nigerian women with invasive cervical cancer.\nMethods\nThis was an analytical cross-sectional study carried out among women seen at the cytology and gynaecology out-patient clinics of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH), Lagos, Nigeria. LUTH is an over 1000 bedded teaching hospital located in the Central Lagos metropolis in South-West Nigeria. The hospital provides services to patients from the neighbouring South-Western states. It is the largest in the state and offers mainly clinical services among which include gynaecological oncology services. The gynaecology clinic is an-all female clinic with the cytology clinic being an off-shoot of it. In addition to receiving patients from the gynaecology clinic, the cytology clinic is the meeting point for all women from all other clinics of the hospital referred for routine cytological evaluation. The sample size (N) for the study was calculated using the statistical formula by Schlesselman [20]. Participants for the study were grouped as follows: 50 recently diagnosed patients with squamous cells carcinoma of the cervix and 100 control subjects who had no malignancy. Eligible subjects for the case group were women with biopsy proved cases of squamous cells carcinoma of the cervix; that had not undergone any treatment i.e. surgery, chemotherapy or radiotherapy; who did not suffer from any major illness in the past; who had not taken long course of any mineral supplement during the last six months. The control subjects were those who were not suffering from any cancerous lesions. The case and control subjects belonged to the same socio-economic status and same diet habits. Informed written consent was obtained from each participant upon explanation of the nature and purpose of the study. A structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was then used to collect relevant data. A volume of 5ml venous blood samples were obtained by venepuncture and collected in Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) bottle. Standard precautions for trace element determination were taken and samples with signs of haemolysis discarded. Serum Zinc and Copper concentrations were estimated using direct atomic absorption spectrophotometer [21]. Selenium concentration was measured using the hydride generation method [22]. Serum was digested by a mixture of nitric and perchloric acid. After hydride generation and using a sodium borohydride method, the selenium concentration is then determined (AAS Model ECI 4141). All data were entered in the computer and analysed using SPSS version 22.0 statistical package for windows manufactured by IBM Corp, Armonk, NY, United States. Descriptive statistics were then computed for all continuous data and expressed as mean and standard deviation. The associations between any two groups of continuous variables were tested using the independent sample t-test. Statistical significance was defined as P<0.05.\nEthical approval: ethical approval for the study was obtained from the hospital's Health Research and Ethics committee prior to the commencement of the study and the ethical principles according to the Helsinki declaration were considered during the course of the research.\nResults\nThe demographic characteristics of the study participants are presented in Table 1 and there were no statistically significant differences between patients with cervical cancer and their control counterparts with regards to age (P=0.177), BMI (P=0.093), and total albumin levels (P=0.134). However there was a significant difference in the haemoglobin levels between the two groups of participants (P=0.042) The results as presented in Figure 1 showed the comparisons between the mean serum levels of trace elements in participants having squamous cells carcinoma and their cancer-free controls.\nZinc: the mean serum level of zinc was significantly lower in the cervical cancer group than the cancer-free control group (70.1 ± 11.7 µg/dL vs. 105.8 ± 16.5 µg/dL; P=0.003).\nCopper: the mean level was higher in the cervical cancer patients but there was no statistically significant difference in the level in serum of patients as compared to its level in normal control group of individuals (86.6 ± 15.5 µg/dL vs. 82.8 ± 20.3 µg/dL; P=0.099).\nSelenium: there was a significantly lower mean selenium levels in the cervical cancer patients compared to the control participants (101.3 ± 7.7 µg/L vs. 120.9 ± 18.3 µg/L; P=0.026).\nDiscussion\nIn this study, we investigated the levels of three serum trace elements in patients with histologically diagnosed cervical cancer compared with cancer-free controls. Our study found a reduction in haemoglobin levels among participants with histologically diagnosed cervical cancer and this has been explained to occur as a result of iron deficiency and tumour bleeding in these patients [19, 23]. The findings from our present study indicated a strong association of low serum levels of Zinc and Selenium with invasive squamous cells carcinoma of the cervix. Previous studies, just like this current study, have also reported that serum Zinc concentrations were decreased in patients with ovarian, testicular, cervical, bladder and renal cancer [24-28]. Zinc plays an anti-carcinogenic role through structural stabilization of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), ribonucleic acid (RNA), and ribosome. It has a protective effect against free-radical injury [29]. Our study just like some other epidemiologic studies revealed that a low selenium level in serum increase the risk of human cancers such as cancer of the stomach, oesophagus, colon, lung, prostate and breast [30]. It has been suggested that selenium protects cell by inhibiting free oxygen radical production. Moreover, an important antioxidant Vitamin E is transported by selenoproteins. Selenium has been shown to possess cancer-preventive and cytoprotective activities in animal models and humans [15, 31]. In our study, even though the mean serum concentration of Copper in the cancer patients was higher than in the controls, we did not find any statistically significant association. Copper plays a role in the production of haemoglobin, myelin, collagen and melanin as an essential nutrient [32] and studies have shown that normal immune function requires adequate Cu intake [7, 31, 32]. However, serum copper values are significantly elevated in many disease conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), malignancies and psychosis [33]. The major limitations to this study were that it was hospital-based and thus the findings may not be generalizable to the public and also the study design will not allow us to conclude if Zinc and/or Selenium deficiencies actually preceded or occurred as a result of cervical cancer.\nConclusion\nThe study found significantly lower concentrations of zinc and selenium in cervical cancer patients. Zinc and selenium supplements may therefore result in reduced cervical cancer occurrence among high risk Nigerian women. However, future robust prospective studies are needed to determine if these trace element concentrations will impact clinical outcomes and to establish whether routine provision of these trace elements as supplements will result in improved cervical cancer treatment outcomes in Nigerian women.\nWhat is known about this topic\nThat cervical cancer is the most common gynaecological cancer and a leading cause of cancer death in women in Nigeria;\nTrace elements although present in minute quantities in human blood, play a vital role in many biochemical enzymatic reactions and have been examined critically as a potential key factor in various human diseases including cancers;\nThe roles of trace elements in the prevention of cervical cancer and other invasive cancers of humans are now subjects of discussions and intensive research interests.\nWhat this study adds\nThe study found significantly lower concentrations of zinc and selenium in cervical cancer patients to their cancer-free control counterparts;\nThere is, however, a relatively low level of practice of cervical cancer prevention among the respondents;\nThe study, therefore, propose that routine provision of zinc and selenium supplements may result in reduced cervical cancer occurrence among Nigerian women.\nCompeting interests\nThe authors declare that competing interests.\nAuthors’ contributions\nAll the authors contributed substantially to this study. Kehinde Sharafadeen Okunade, Olayemi Olubunmi Dawodu, Omolola Salako and Rose Ihuoma Anorlu contributed to the concepts and design of this study; Kehinde Sharafadeen Okunade, Olayemi Olubunmi Dawodu, Omolola Salako, Gbemisola Eniola Osanyin and Rose Ihuoma Anorlu contributed to the definition of intellectual content and literature search; Kehinde Sharafadeen Okunade, Olayemi Olubunmi Dawodu, Omolola Salako, Gbemisola Eniola Osanyin and Adeyemi Adebola Okunowo contributed to the data acquisition and collation. The final version of the manuscript draft was read and approved by all the authors\nAcknowledgments\nThe authors wish to appreciate the efforts of the entire staff of the medical record department of the hospital and the staff of the Central research laboratory of the College of Medicine for all their logistical supports, without which this study would not have been possible. The work reported in this article was partly supported by the Oladele Akinla Trust Fund and the Fogarty International Center and National Institute of Mental Health of th
National Institutes of Health (award no. D43TW010543). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the Oladele Akinla Trust Fund and the National Institutes of Health.\nTable and figure\nTable 1: demographic characteristics of study participants\nFigure 1: comparisons of mean serum levels of the trace elements in the cervical cancer patients and their controls\nReferences\nParkin DM, Bray F, Ferlay J, Pisani P. Global cancer statistics, 2002. CA Cancer J Clin. 2005; 55(2): 74-108. PubMed | Google Scholar\nFerlay J, Shin HR, Bray F, Forman D, Mathers C, Parkin DM. Estimates of worldwide burden of cancer in 2008: GLOBOCAN 2008. Int J Cancer. 2010; 127(12): 2893-917. PubMed | Google Scholar\nThomas J, Ojemakinde O, Izebraye I. Current concepts in cervical carcinogenesis and new perspectives in prevention. Arch Ibadan Med. 2002; 3(1): 36-9. 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Serum selenium and vitamin E concentration in families of lung cancer patients. Cancer. 1987; 60(5): 1159-62. PubMed | Google Scholar\nCombs Jr GF. Current evidence and research needs to support a health claim for selenium and cancer prevention. J Nutr. 2005; 135(2): 343-7. PubMed | Google Scholar\nSayir F, Kavak S, Meral I, Demir H, Cengiz N, Cobanoglu U. Effects of crush and axotomy on oxidative stress and some trace element levels in phrenic nerve of rats. Brain Res Bull. 2013; 92: 84-8. PubMed | Google Scholar\nSullivan JF, Blotcky AJ, Jetton MM, Hahn HK, Burch RE. Serum levels of selenium, calcium, copper, magnesium, magnise and zinc in various human diseases. J Nutr. 1979; 109(8): 1432-7. PubMed | Google Scholar\nThe Pan African Medical Journal articles are archived on Pubmed Central. Access PAMJ archives on PMC here\nVolume 32 (January - April 2019)\nArticle tools\nPDF (383 Kb)\nContact the corresponding author\nDownload to Citation Manager\nEndNote\nReference Manager\nZotero\nBibTex\nProCite\nAuthors’ toolbox\nResources for authors\nThis article authors\nOn Pubmed\nKehinde Sharafadeen Okunade\nOlayemi Olubunmi Dawodu\nOmolola Salako\nGbemisola Eniola Osanyin\nAdeyemi Adebola Okunowo\nRose Ihuoma Anorlu\nOn Google Scholar\nKehinde Sharafadeen Okunade\nOlayemi Olubunmi Dawodu\nOmolola Salako\nGbemisola Eniola Osanyin\nAdeyemi Adebola Okunowo\nRose Ihuoma Anorlu\nNavigate this article\nAbstract\nIntroduction\nMethods\nResults\nDiscussion\nConclusion\nCompeting interests\nAuthors´ contributions\nAcknowledgments\nTable and figure\nReferences\nAbout Pamj\nEditorial board\nInstructions for authors\nSubmit a manuscript\nOur supplements\nTables and figures\nTable 1: demographic characteristics of study participants\nFigure 1: comparisons of mean serum levels of the trace elements in the cervical cancer patients and their controls\nKeywords\nCervical cancer\nLagos\nLUTH\nTrace elements\nRate this article\nAltmetric | 2019-04-19T11:32:26Z | "http://panafrican-med-journal.com/content/article/31/194/full/" | panafrican-med-journal.com | 1 | 7 | 2 |
Physical Therapy for Osteoarthritis: Everything You Need to Know\n(503) 295-2585\nStore\nPay Your Bill\nNew Patient Forms\nHome\nServices\nHead, Neck, & Jaw\nBack and Sacroiliac\nUpper Extremities\nLower Extremities\nWomen’s Health\nDance Physical Therapy\nLifestyle Medicine\nChronic and Complex Pain\nWhy Life’s Work\nWhat To Expect\nMeet Our Team\nPatient FAQ’s\nFor Physicians\nErgonomics\nBlog\nContact Us\nSW Portland\nNE Portland\nTigard\nSelect Page\nPhysical Therapy for Osteoarthritis: Everything You Need to Know\nby Sandra Stryker PT, MPT, COMT, FAAOMPT | Jul 26, 2017 | Exercise, Osteoarthritis, Pain, Physical Therapy | 2 comments\nOver the last 20 years practicing as a physical therapist, I can’t tell you the number of times a new client has come into my office feeling completely doomed by a recent diagnosis of osteoarthritis. A recent client of mine, age 62 with a 7-year history of chronic left knee pain announced, “I assume my knee will hurt forever; the doctor told me I have osteoarthritis. I guess I just have to live with the pain!” These thoughts and feelings are common among my clientele. I am here to tell you what I always tell them: regardless of whether you have osteoarthritis, if we can get your body (knee, hip, back, etc.) to WORK better, it will FEEL better.\nMany clients and doctors alike don’t realize the benefits of physical therapy for osteoarthritis. In nearly all of my clients with osteoarthritis, physical therapy makes all the difference with osteoarthritis pain management. Physical therapy is the game changer.\nHere is what you need to know to manage your osteoarthritis:\nOsteoarthritis is part of normal aging. All your moving parts are called joints. Joints are where two bones meet and where your elbows, knees, shoulders, hips, etc. bend and move. On the ends of your bones, you have smooth articular cartilage that lines the surface. Osteoarthritis occurs over time and slowly erodes away the articular cartilage, leaving the joint surfaces a bit rough and if it’s thin enough, exposes the bone. Exposed bone hurts and the joint swells. At times, when severe, osteoarthritic joints may need joint replacements.\nIt typically takes years to develop osteoarthritis and most of us will have some osteoarthritis in our 60s, 70s and beyond. It can happen in all your joints or just some of them. If you have suffered a trauma or accident you may develop it more suddenly or at a younger age. If your parents or siblings have osteoarthritis at a younger age, you may be predisposed to it too. Remember, there is no such thing as “bad knees” or a “trick back.” Your body is extremely resilient and even in the presence of osteoarthritis, you can train the body to work better, which helps it feel better.\nYou learn you have osteoarthritis in your knees, so what? That’s a very small part of the story about why your knees hurt. My questions for you are – How strong are all the muscles that support your knee? Are you walking with a limp? How strong are your hip muscles and core? How flexible are the muscles and other soft tissues surrounding the knee? How well does the hip, knee, ankle and foot move? When doing physical therapy for osteoarthritis, all of these questions must be answered and the problems eliminated. Knee osteoarthritis is a fairly common condition in the U.S. with an estimated 13% of the general population suffering with pain from it. Most of that pain, unless the osteoarthritis is end-stage, is manageable through osteoarthritis physical therapy.\nThe third thing you should know about osteoarthritis management is simple: The cornerstone of osteoarthritis management is regular daily exercise. A physical therapist can prescribe the right dose and type of exercise for you based on your condition, age, fitness level, goals and deficits. A comprehensive program for your osteoarthritis pain management program would include daily cardiovascular exercise, muscle strengthening, flexibility exercises for soft tissues and joints and balance/gait retraining. I typically prescribe 20-30 minute programs daily with 1-2 days of rest per week. The exercise is however, exactly like medicine. Your osteoarthritis absolutely needs exercise in the right dose, at the right time every week. When you miss your dose of exercise, your osteoarthritis pain will return. The good news for non-exercisers is that exercise comes with no adverse side effects! So, get over any hang-ups with exercise and make it part of your daily routine, just like brushing your teeth! Your body will thank you.\nBack to my 62-year old “doomed” client with the chronic left knee pain and osteoarthritis diagnosis. When she started physical therapy, her constant left knee pain was a 6 out of 10, and she reported problems with walking, stairs, standing, bending and sitting too long. She described feeling like she couldn’t do the life activities that mattered to her, including craft fairs, going to her granddaughter’s soccer games and even shopping. She could no longer walk the 10 blocks to work and had gained 20 lbs since Christmas. She felt dejected and fearful about the future and how she would manage the pain from her osteoarthritis.\nWhen I examined her, the left knee had about 1 inch of swelling compared to the right and she was limited in her ability to bend and fully straighten her knee. She limped when she walked with her left knee slightly bent and had profound weakness in both hips, the left thigh and calf muscles and profound stiffness in her left knee and ankle.\nIn 6 weeks of physical therapy and with her completion of a daily 20 to 30-min. home exercise program, she was able to walk for 30 minutes with no pain, and had full motion in her hip, knee and ankles. Her strength was nearly normal. She attended soccer games and craft fairs, reporting a 1 out of 10 pain only some of the time after the activity, which resolved with stretching. She was thrilled and hopeful about her future, confident she could safely manage her osteoarthritis with the ongoing regular daily exercises I prescribed.\nThe question I have for you is…did she still have osteoarthritis in her knee? The answer is obviously yes. The physical therapy for osteoarthritis targeted all of her impairments, and the physical therapy allowed her body to WORK better. When the body works better, it feels better even in the presence of osteoarthritis.\nIf you are suffering with osteoarthritis, schedule an appointment with a physical therapist. In nearly all states, you may go to a physical therapist directly without seeing your doctor first. If you live in the Portland, Oregon area, contact us at 503-295-2585 or visit www.lifesworkpt.com. If not, please refer to apta.org to find a physical therapist in your area, and read my previous blog on How to Find a Good PT.\nMost importantly, never give in to a diagnosis of osteoarthritis and assume you must live with the pain. There is so much you and a good physical therapist can do to manage the osteoarthritis pain. Physical therapy for osteoarthritis is your ticket to getting back to your life again, pain free.\nBest of Luck!\nSandra\n2 Comments\nSariah Meagle on January 1, 2019 at 10:27 pm\nMy father is currently suffering from knee pain due to osteoarthritis and I do agree that it is part of normal aging as you pointed out since it’s in my family’s history. Since you mentioned that it is manageable through osteoarthritis physical therapy, a session could help boost his mood. I like the idea that a physical therapist can prescribe the right dose and type of exercise he’ll need as you said so I might ask around for some services next week.\nReply\nJennifer Norgaard on January 4, 2019 at 9:20 am\nThanks for your comment, Sariah, and good luck to your father with his knee pain!\nReply\nSubmit a Comment Cancel reply\nYour email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *\nComment\nName *\nEmail *\nWebsite\nNotify me of follow-up comments by email.\nNotify me of new posts by email.\nSearch for:\nRecent Posts\nDoes Cold Weather Affect Chronic Pain? Tips to Relieve It\nFive Reasons to See a Physical Therapist in 2019\nCommon Winter Sports Injuries & How to Prevent Them\nHow to Relieve Neck Pain: 5 Things You Need to Do\nProper Computer Posture to Cure Your Annoying Desk Pain\nSubscribe to the Life's Work Blog\nEnter your email address to subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email.\nEmail Address\nSubscribe\nCategories\nCategories Select Categoryankle painChronic PainContinuing Educationdance rehabElbow PainErgonomicsExerciseFoot PainHamstringsHeadachesHip PainHip StretchesincontinenceInflammationJaw PainKnee PainLow Back PainMid-Back PainMusculoskeletal PainNeck PainNSAIDOsteoarthritisOsteoporosisPainpelvic floorPhysical TherapyPhysiology of PainpregnancyShouldersSki injuriesSports Physical TherapystretchingTennis ElbowThoracic Back PainTMDTMJ PainUncategorizedWellbeing\nArchives\nArchives Select Month March 2019 February 2019 November 2018 April 2018 March 2018 February 2018 January 2018 December 2017 November 2017 October 2017 September 2017 August 2017 July 2017 June 2017 May 2017 April 2017 March 2017 November 2016 September 2016 August 2016 July 2016 May 2016 April 2016 March 2016 February 2016 December 2015 June 2015 April 2015 February 2015 December 2014 October 2014 September 2014 August 2014 May 2014 April 2014 March 2014 February 2014 January 2014 December 2013 November 2013 October 2013 September 2013 August 2013 July 2013 June 2013 May 2013 April 2013 March 2013 February 2013\n© 2019 Copyright Life's Work Physical Therapy | Privacy Policy | Notice of Non-Discrimination and Accessibility Rights\nWebsite by Intuitive Digital | 2019-04-24T16:19:24Z | "https://lifesworkpt.com/2017/07/physical-therapy-for-osteoarthritis/" | lifesworkpt.com | 1 | 4 | 1 |
Hypertrophic Scars Archives - Page 2 of 5 - Scars and Spots\nScars and Spots\nAdvanced Treatment for Scars and Dark Spots developed by a leading plastic surgeon\nFacebook\nInstagram\nPinterest\nRSS\nTwitter\nYouTube\nAbout INVICIBLE\nPress\nSubscribe\nBuy NOW\nApril 20, 2019\nInviCible Scars April 9, 2015 Leave a Comment\nDo Over the Counter Scar Treatments Really Work?\nThere are so many different types of over the counter scar treatments that it can be difficult to know whether or not they actually work. The ingredients of the treatments play a significant role in their effectiveness. The right ingredients, especially in the right combination, will facilitate the natural healing process, reducing the appearance of the scar, while other ingredients may not work, or even cause more damage.\nVitamin E\nVitamin E is commonly found in skin care ingredients since it is a powerful antioxidant that promotes beautiful skin. However, there is no real evidence that using vitamin E actually improves the scar. Instead, the benefits are most likely due to continued moistening of the area, rather than the infusion of the vitamin. Many people also develop contact dermatitis from vitamin E, so it is another ingredient to avoid.\nVitamin C\nVitamin C is another powerful antioxidant, and it plays an important role in the body’s healthy immune response, which includes wound healing. Furthermore, it is essential for proper formation of collagen and elastin in skin, which helps build healthy skin cells, rather than damaged scar tissue, after the skin is injured. Vitamin C also fades the hyperpigmentation that can come with scarring. Therefore, it is an effective and safe ingredient in an over the counter scar treatment.\nSilicone\nSilicone is another ingredient that has been shown in studies to aid in the treatment of scars, while not promoting any danger. It reduces any redness, pain and itching associated with the scarring, while also improving the elasticity of the skin.\nAloe Vera\nAnother beneficial, and effective, ingredient for over the counter scar treatment creams is aloe vera. This plant has long been used in cosmetics and first aid creams due to its moisturizing and healing effects. It protects the wound while also promoting healing, reducing inflammation, and strengthening the collagen structure.\nHydroquinone\nMany popular over the counter scar treatment creams contain hydroquinone, and it has a reputation for effectively lightening scars. However, it is a very dangerous ingredient that has been banned in several countries. Even in the smaller doses found in over the counter creams, it can lead to problems such as impaired wound healing, irritation, nail discoloration, and ochronosis (permanent skin darkening).\nKojic Acid\nAnother seemingly effective scar treatment ingredient that is commonly found in over the counter creams is kojic acid. Like hydroquinone, it may work, but the negative effects are not worth its lightening abilities. Studies have found that prolonged use leads to more sensitive skin and contact dermatitis. It also is not effective at improving the appearance of scars, beyond lightening the skin color.\nWhen OTC Treatments Do Not Work\nIf you have a keloid, indented scar, or certain other scars, then over the counter treatments will not work. These scars require more invasive treatments, such as laser therapy, collagen injections, microdermabrasion, chemical peels, dermabrasion, or microneedling. If you are unsure about the best form of treatment for your scar, then you should discuss it with your dermatologist.\nWhen looking for an effective over the counter scar treatment, you should look for all natural ingredients that do not include preservatives or fragrances, as this could also aggravate the skin. You do not want to use any harsh ingredients; instead, you want to support your skin’s natural healing process, which will reduce the appearance of any scars.\nHave a question about your scar or a particular ingredient? Leave a comment and we’ll be happy to answer.\nSubscribe to Scars and Spots to get our posts delivered directly to your inbox!\nPlease follow and like us:\nFiled Under: Acne Scars, Burn Scars, C Section Scars, Chemical Peels, Dark Scars, Face Scars, Get Rid of Dark Spots, Get Rid of Scars, Hyperpigmentation, Hypertrophic Scars, Melanoma Scars, New or Old Scars, Plastic Surgery Scars, Scar Healing Tips, Surgery Scars Tagged: get rid of scars, scar cream, scar treatment\nInviCible Scars March 18, 2015 Leave a Comment\nScars Heal Differently. Here’s Why\nAfter the skin becomes injured, scar tissue forms as a part of the natural healing process. This tissue looks and feels different than normal skin tissue because there is excess collagen produced. Different scars also appear different and heal differently based upon the amount of collagen produced during the healing process. Lifestyle, genetics, age, depth and size of the injury, the location, and the treatment of the wound all affect how the scar heals.\nRead: Scar Tissue is Different Than Normal Tissue\nGenetic and Lifestyle Influences on Scar Healing\nAs with any body function, your genetics, which include your ethnicity and gender, influence how your body heals from injury, which is why each person scars differently. These genetic influences cannot be changed, but they can be mitigated through lifestyle changes and certain treatments. Your age will affect scarring as well, because your ability to regenerate cells and heal is reduced.\nLifestyle factors, including exercising, drinking plenty of water, and eating a healthy diet, influence your skin’s natural healing process as well. To heal properly, you need to be strong and healthy. Your skin also needs certain nutrients that it can get from food, especially vitamin C and E. You skin also needs plenty of moisture to heal correctly, which is why keeping your scar moisturized is vital. You should also keep active, as long as it does not disturb your wound and your doctor approves it, to promote healing.\nThe Affect of Wound Treatment\nBecause scars are caused by injury to the skin, the element that has the greatest influence on its healing process is the treatment of the wound. When you experience a deep cut, including an incision from surgery, the skin needs to be aligned correctly when it is glued, stapled, or stitched back together, or else it will have a larger scar. Your scar will look different whether you have staples, glue, or stitches as well. If the injured skin is brought back together perfectly, then the chance of scarring is reduced, although you may still have a small, almost invisible line. You also want to allow the area to heal completely, and not reopen the wound or get it infected, as this will increase the chance of a larger scar.\nHow the Type of Scar Alters the Healing Process\nThere are different types of scars that affect the ability for the scar to heal over time. You may have a hypertrophic scar, acne scar, contracture scar, or keloid scars. Keloid scars are the most difficult to heal, because they are raised scars due to excess collagen that extend beyond the original injury. Contracture scars typically occur after a burn, and they often tighten the skin and can make it difficult to move. Hypertrophoic scars are also raised, similar to keloids, but remain within the area of the wound. Some of these different types of scars occur because of the type of wound, while others form due to genetics, the environment, or other factors.\nRead: Scar Healing Time\nThere is no real way to predict how a scar will heal, as it is highly influenced by genetics, environment, lifestyle factors, and treatment. Regardless of the type of scar, you can help it heal by taking care of the wound, eating a healthy diet, and drinking plenty of water.\nDo you have a question about your scar? Leave us a comment and we’ll be happy to answer.\nSubscribe to Scars and Spots to get our posts delivered directly to your inbox!\nPlease follow and like us:\nFiled Under: Acne Scars, Burn Scars, C Section Scars, Dark Scars, Face Scars, Get Rid of Scars, Hypertrophic Scars, Keloid Scars, Melanoma Scars, New or Old Scars, Plastic Surgery Scars, Surgery Scars Tagged: fade scars, get rid of scars, scar healing\nInviCible Scars October 27, 2014 23 Comments\nScars and Self-Esteem\nWhen you have scars, your self-esteem can be affected, especially if the scars are in an area not easily hidden by clothing. Although facial scars often cause the most problems for self-confidence, any visible scar can make a person self-conscious. However, you do not have to let your scars affect your self-confidence. There are several treatment options available for reducing the appearance of scars.\nWhy Scars Affect Self Confidence and Self-Esteem\nA healthy body image leads to a healthy self-esteem and self-confidence. However, the opposite is also true. An unhealthy body image often contributes to low-self esteem, a negative self-worth and a lack of confidence. Often, scars cause a person to have a negative body image. When these scars are in a prominent location, especially the face, they can lead to even more problems with self-confidence. First impressions are largely based on looks, and if a person feels self-conscious about his or her appearance, it can make him or her more timid. A person will feel as though other people only see their scars, and believe it affects their attractiveness and ability to make friends.\nScarring also often leads to feelings of depression, which also affects a person’s self-worth and confidence. If the scar came from a traumatic event, there could also be some lingering emotions and feelings associated with that event. Other feelings may be associated the scar, including shame and embarrassment, that also affect a person’s confidence. Studies have shown that people with visible scars feel that the scars affected how others perceived them. In these studies, most people with scars felt that they had some sort of stigma attached to them and that others see them as less attractive. These feelings lead to self-consciousness and a lack of self-confidence. If these feelings of depression are affecting you so much that it is detrimental to your mental health, please seek out the help of a local therapist who can best assist you.\nNon-Invasive Scar Treatments\nYou can get help with your visible scars. There are many topical scar creams available you can put on the scar to help it to heal and lighten faster, although it still takes time for them to work. You want to find a cream that uses effective but safe ingredients, such as silicone, licorice root extract and vitamin C. You should stay away from vitamin E, as it can cause contact dermatitis. If you experience pain or develop a hypertrophic scar or a keloid scar, you should to your doctor about steroid injections, which soften the scar and prevent it getting any worse.\nRead: How Long Does it Take for a Scar to Heal?\nInvasive Scar Treatments\nThere are also more invasive scar treatments you can discuss with your doctor to see if they work in your situation. Some of the most common include laser skin resurfacing, skin grafts, excision, dermabrasion, and microdermabrasion. Surgery and skin grafts are usually reserved for scars that impair function or are otherwise problematic. Dermabrasion and microdermabrasion are two different treatments that help to reduce the appearance of scars and even out the complexion.\nSome of these treatments may be used in conjunction with others, or a person might try a few different methods over time if one does not work. The best place to start is usually scar treatment cream, which you can begin using as soon as your wound is healed.\nAs we like to say, fade the scar not your confidence.\nHow has your scar(s) affected you? Share your story in the comments, it may just help someone reading.\nSubscribe to Scars and Spots to get our posts delivered directly to your inbox!\nPlease follow and like us:\nFiled Under: Acne Scars, Burn Scars, Dark Scars, Face Scars, Get Rid of Scars, Hypertrophic Scars, New or Old Scars Tagged: fade scars, get rid of scars, scar cream\nInviCible Scars August 8, 2014 6 Comments\nScar Healing Time\nIf the trauma is minor, healing time for the wound should be quick, and scar formation minimal. If your scar is deeper, as is often the case with surgical scars, healing time will take longer. However long it takes, a scar goes through three stages of healing. The first phase of wound healing is a period of inflammation that may last anywhere from two to six days, depending on how severe the initial trauma. During this period, you’ll experience warmth, some redness, swelling, and pain.\nWhen the initial trauma spot begins to subside and ceases inflammation, your skin begins to produce collagen to knit the edges of the wound or trauma area together. This is the period when scarring may develop. Most scars start to improve within 2 – 3 weeks, and will continue to improve for up to six months. Finally, your skin will continue to break down the excess collagen that created your initially raised and reddish scar, and turn it into a thin, flat scar that may be visible or almost invisible. This period take from six months to several years with the finalized appearance of your scar in about 1-2 years.\nRead: How to Help Your Skin Heal Scars\nIt’s important to respond to a wound or trauma to your skin immediately, even before healing begins. If you’re a smoker, stop! It causes blood vessels to contract, decreasing healing oxygen to the body and skin. Avoid direct sunlight while your skin heals. This may seem impossible, but it is necessary! When your skin is fully knit together, begin exercising regularly. Exercise will increase oxygen to all of your body tissues, including the deep levels of your skin. Your scar will heal more quickly, and your body will be healthier, too.\nIf you haven’t been eating properly, now is the time to rethink your eating habits. A balanced diet is very important to proper scar healing. Try to get the most nutritional foods possible into your system, especially foods rich in Vitamin C. Be sure to include protein-rich foods for the collagen your skin needs to heal properly, and increase your Vitamin B and zinc levels, too. Eat plenty of foods rich in Vitamin A to enhance your skin’s ability to absorb moisture, and drink plenty of liquids.\nMost importantly, stay out of the sun and apply a sunblock with SPF 30 to ensure total protection when you go outside. At the same time, begin applying a scar healing cream to your traumatized skin or scar, as soon as your skin has completely closed up. For instance, if you have a surgical scar, laceration or burn that required sutures, use InviCible Scars on the area as soon as the sutures are removed. If you’ve had a skin resurfacing, wait until there is no “rawness” before beginning to use Invincible. For scars or dark marks from acne, apply InviCible at least twice a day, directly on the affected areas, but not on active acne spots.\nWith proper exercise and nutrition, avoidance of the sun and application of InviCible Scars, your scar will heal beautifully, and more quickly than you might think.\nHave a question about your scar? Leave a comment and we’ll be happy to answer.\nSubscribe to Scars and Spots to get our posts delivered directly to your inbox!\nPlease follow and like us:\nFiled Under: Acne Scars, Burn Scars, C Section Scars, Chemical Peels, Dark Scars, Face Scars, Get Rid of Scars, Hypertrophic Scars, New or Old Scars, Plastic Surgery Scars, Scar Healing Tips, Skin Resurfacing, Surgery Scars Tagged: fade scars, get rid of scars\nInviCible Scars March 25, 2014 21 Comments\nLupus Scar Treatment Tips\nLupus is a chronic autoimmune disorder in which the body’s immune system attacks its own organs and tissues. Lupus causes inflammation, which can affect a number of different body systems including the skin, joints, brain, heart, lungs, and blood cells.\nSince lupus causes symptoms that can mimic those of other disorders, it can sometimes be difficult to diagnose. There is no cure for lupus, but there are treatments available that focus on relieving symptoms depending on the organ(s) involv
d. Even when most lupus symptoms are well-controlled, one side-effect of skin involvement often remains – scarring.\nLupus skin lesions come in a variety of forms. Once treated and healed, these lesions can leave permanent scars and dark spots, or hyperpigmentation, anywhere on the body. Lupus scars can be light, dark, or red; they can form in a wide variety of shapes, sizes, and locations depending on the underlying skin lesion that caused it.\nNormal scars naturally fade and flatten over time, but if you want to improve the results as much as possible, use a scar therapy that contains silicone. Topical silicone has been clinically proven to flatten, lighten, and soften scars and is the gold standard in scar care. A scar therapy that combines the unmatched safety and benefits of silicone with other ingredients proven to fade scars that are also safe and natural – such as aloe vera and licorice extract – packs a powerful punch when it comes to fading scars as much as possible.\nKeeping your scars out of the sun is an important first step, as the sun can permanently darken scars further. Read: How Does the Sun Affect Scars?\nExercise and healthy eating are also beneficial in scar healing; exercise brings more oxygen-rich blood to the scar which optimizes healing during the initial stages of wound healing. Healthy eating also ensures your body has all the necessary nutrients it needs to heal as well as possible.\nRead: How Nutrition Affects Scar Healing\nWork with your doctor to come up with the best treatment plan for your lupus, and use the tips above to treat the scarring that may result from skin lesions and rashes, in order to feel and look your best every day.\nHave a question about your scar? Leave a comment and we’ll be happy to answer.\nSubscribe to Scars and Spots to get our posts delivered directly to your inbox!\nPlease follow and like us:\nFiled Under: Dark Scars, Get Rid of Dark Spots, Get Rid of Scars, Hypertrophic Scars, New or Old Scars, Scar Healing Tips, Surgery Scars Tagged: get rid of scars, Lupus scars, scar treatment\n« Previous Page\nNext Page »\nEMAIL NEWSLETTER\nSign up to receive our free monthly newsletter with tips and advice on how to treat dark spots and scars.\nEnter your email address...\nSubscribe to Scars and Spots\nEnter your Email\nPreview | Powered by FeedBlitz\nBuy Now\nSee Our Studies\nSee the results of our Clinical Studies\nSee Before and Afters\nView Images of real results!\nPopular Posts\nCan You Tattoo Over Scars?\nHow to Remove Dark Spots from Razor Bumps and Ingrown Hair\nHow Do You Soften Scar Tissue?\nWhy Does a Scar Turn White?\nAre Second Degree Burn Scars Permanent?\nHow to Fade Shingles Scars\nHow to Get Rid of Mosquito Bite Scars\nWhy Do Scars Itch?\nIs a Red Scar a Permanent Scar?\nWhy Do Surgical Scars Itch?\nPress\nAbout INVICIBLE\nInviCible has a superior safety profile and is also hypoallergenic. It contains NO hydroquinone, preservatives, fragrances, petroleum, mineral oil, or alcohol. It is not tested on animals.\nPrivacy Policy Cookie Policy\nRECENT POSTS\nScar Cream Available Internationally on Amazon\nCosmetic Surgeon Red Flags You Should Not Ignore\nPediatric Sun Exposure – Tips from St. Jude to Protect Your Child\nHow to Get Rid of Scars Fast\nHow Long Does it Take a Hypertrophic Scar to Heal?\nMy Scar Won’t Stop Itching, Is This Normal?\nSEARCH\nSearch Tags\nAcne Scars Acne Tips Age Spots Breast Cancer Scars Breast Surgery Scars Burn Scars Chemical Peels C Section Scars Dark Scars Exercise Facelift Scars Face Scars Get Rid of Dark Spots Get Rid of Scars Hyperpigmentation Hypertrophic Scars InviCible Scars Reviews Keloid Scars Mastectomy Scars Melanoma Scars Melasma New or Old Scars Nutrition Plastic Surgery Scars Scar Healing Tips Skin Care Tips Skin Resurfacing Skin Spots Skin Treatments Sun Spots Surgery Scars Tummy Tuck Scars Uneven Skin Tone\nReturn to top of page\nCopyright © 2019 · Streamline Theme on Genesis Framework · WordPress · Log in | 2019-04-21T02:21:56Z | "https://scarsandspots.com/category/get-rid-of-scars/hypertrophic-scars/page/2/" | scarsandspots.com | 1 | 4 | 0 |
Scientists learn how what you eat affects your brain - and your kids' - UCLA Health - Los Angeles, CA\nUCLA Health\nmyUCLAhealth\nSchool of Medicine\nToggle navigation\nAbout Us\nWhat is UCLA Health?\nContact Us\nYour Feedback\nAccountable Care Organization\nAwards & Achievements\nCareers\nCareers for Physicians\nDepartments - Administrative\nDepartments - Clinical\nGiving to UCLA Health\nIn the Community\n340B Program\nIndustry Relations\nInnovation\nLeadership\nNews Releases\nPrice Transparency\nSocial Media\nContact\nYour Feedback\nAccountable Care Organization\nAwards and Achievements\nCareers\nCareers for Physicians\nDepartments - Administrative\nDepartments - Clinical\nGiving to UCLA Health\nIndustry Relations\nInnovation\nIn the Community\n340B Program\nLeadership\nNews Releases\nPrice Transparency\nSocial Media\nSubscribe to UCLA Health Newsletters\nConditions & Treatment\nHealth Library\nTests & Procedures\nDrug Interaction Checker\nBrain & Nervous System\nCancer\nChildren's Health\nHeart Disease\nNutrition & Wellness\nPregnancy & Newborns\nOrthopedics\nWomen's Health\nVideo Library\nCancer\nCardiovascular\nChiropractic\nCosmetic Surgery\nEar, Nose and Throat\nGastrointestinal\nGeneral Healthcare\nNeurological\nObstetrics/Gynecology\nSee all videos...\nVideo Library\nLocations\nHospitals\nRonald Reagan UCLA Medical Center\nUCLA Medical Center, Santa Monica\nUCLA Mattel Children's Hospital\nResnick Neuropsychiatric Hospital\nInstitutes and Centers\nTake a Virtual Tour\nMedical Offices/Clinics\nPrimary Care\nSpecialty Care\nUrgent Care Centers\nOutpatient Surgery Centers\nCommunity Cancer Care\nImaging/Radiology Locations\nClinical Labs\nPharmacies\nInteractive Map\nLocations Coming Soon\nUCLA Hospitals\nTake a Virtual Tour\nPrimary Care Practices\nSpecialty Care Practices\nUrgent Care Centers\nOutpatient Surgery Centers\nOther Locations\nInteractive Map\nComing Soon!\nMedical Services\nFor Patients & Visitors\nDirections & Parking\nAppointments: Call, Click, Come In\nAdmissions\nPreparing For Surgery\nPatient Services\nSecurity & Parking Services\nOffice of the Patient Experience\nFor International Patients\nLodging & Nearby Services\nAround Westwood\nGift Shops & Flowers\nHealth Resources\nLog in to myUCLAhealth\nBilling and Insurance\nMedical Records\nAccountable Care Organization (ACO)\nPrice Transparency\nInteractive Patient Education Videos (Emmi)\nFAQs\nCalendar of Events\nSecure Email Messages\nShare Your Story\nHealth Publications\nVital Signs Newsletters\nHealth Tips for Parents\nContact Us\nAppointments: Call, Click, Come in\nAdmissions Information\nAdvance Directive\nDirections & Parking\nPatient Services\nMedical Records\nmyUCLAhealth\nSmoke-Free\nPublications\nHealth Resources\nAround Westwood\nLodging\nPreparing For Surgery\nPatient-focused Technology Council\nHealth Forms\nEnd of Life Option Act: Resources & Materials\nFrequently Asked Questions\nSecure Email Messages\nGift Shops\nFor Healthcare Professionals\nReferring a Patient\nContinuing Medical Education\nEthics Center\nUCLA HealthLink\nPhysician to Physician Access Line (P2P)\nDavid Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA\nClinical Informatics Fellowship\nAcademic Positions\nPhysician Careers\nUCLA School of Dentistry\nUCLA School of Nursing\nDepartment of Nursing\nPhysician Publications\nPhysicians Update\nClinical Updates\nU Magazine\nPhysician to Physician Access Line (P2P)\nPhysician Careers\nClinical Informatics Fellowship\nFlu Resources for Healthcare Professionals\nPublications\nMultimedia\nUCLAMDCHAT Webinars\nCommunity Health Program Videos\niTunes\nDownload Our Apps\nMini Med School\nDemystifying Cancer Forum\nTEDx UCLA Videos\nTips from our Physical Therapists\nPatient Stories\nReal Questions\nWebinars on Demand\nPediatric Grand Rounds\nCommunity Health Program Videos\nUCLAMDChat Webinars\niTunes\nDownload Our Apps\nMini Med School\nDemystifying Cancer Forum\nTEDx UCLA Videos\nTips From Our Physical Therapists\nPatient Stories\nReal Questions\nBack Pain Management\nFind a Provider\nUCLA Health\nmyUCLAhealth\nSchool of Medicine\nAbout Us\nAbout Us\nAbout Us\nContact\nYour Feedback\nAccountable Care Organization\nACO - Anthem Blue Cross PPO\nAnthem Blue Cross PPO ACO FAQ\nAwards and Achievements\nUCLA Health hospitals again rank No. 1 in Los Angeles, No. 7 nationally\nUCLA Designated a National Magnet Hospital\nCareers\nCareers for Physicians\nDepartments - Administrative\nDepartments - Clinical\nGiving to UCLA Health\nIndustry Relations\nInnovation\nIn the Community\nCommunity Health\n340B Program\nLeadership\nDr. John Mazziotta\nJohnese Spisso\nDr. Kelsey Martin\nNews Releases\nPrice Transparency\nSocial Media\nSubscribe to UCLA Health Newsletters\nAbout Us\nContact\nYour Feedback\nAccountable Care Organization\nAwards and Achievements\nCareers\nCareers for Physicians\nDepartments - Administrative\nDepartments - Clinical\nGiving to UCLA Health\nIndustry Relations\nInnovation\nIn the Community\n340B Program\nLeadership\nNews Releases\nPrice Transparency\nSocial Media\nSubscribe to UCLA Health Newsletters\nHome\nAbout Us\nNews Releases\nNews Releases\nShare this\nHealth and Behavior\nScientists learn how what you eat affects your brain - and your kids'\n07/09/2008\n\"Food is like a pharmaceutical compound that affects the brain,\" said Fernando Gómez-Pinilla, a UCLA professor of neurosurgery and physiological science who has spent years studying the effects of food, exercise and sleep on the brain. \"Diet, exercise and sleep have the potential to alter our brain health and mental function. This raises the exciting possibility that changes in diet are a viable strategy for enhancing cognitive abilities, protecting the brain from damage and counteracting the effects of aging.\"\nGómez-Pinilla analyzed more than 160 studies about food's affect on the brain; the results of his analysis appear in the July issue of the journal Nature Reviews Neuroscience and are available online at www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v9/n7/abs/nrn2421.html.\nOmega-3 fatty acids — found in salmon, walnuts and kiwi fruit — provide many benefits, including improving learning and memory and helping to fight against such mental disorders as depression and mood disorders, schizophrenia, and dementia, said Gómez-Pinilla, a member of UCLA's Brain Research Institute and Brain Injury Research Center.\nSynapses in the brain connect neurons and provide critical functions; much learning and memory occurs at the synapses, Gómez-Pinilla said.\n\"Omega-3 fatty acids support synaptic plasticity and seem to positively affect the expression of several molecules related to learning and memory that are found on synapses,\" Gómez-Pinilla said. \"Omega-3 fatty acids are essential for normal brain function.\n\"Dietary deficiency of omega-3 fatty acids in humans has been associated with increased risk of several mental disorders, including attention-deficit disorder, dyslexia, dementia, depression, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia,\" he said. \"A deficiency of omega-3 fatty acids in rodents results in impaired learning and memory.\"\nChildren who had increased amounts of omega-3 fatty acids performed better in school, in reading and in spelling and had fewer behavioral problems, he said.\nPreliminary results from a study in England show that school performance improved among a group of students receiving omega-3 fatty acids. In an Australian study, 396 children between the ages 6 and 12 who were given a drink with omega-3 fatty acids and other nutrients (iron, zinc, folic acid and vitamins A, B6, B12 and C) showed higher scores on tests measuring verbal intelligence and learning and memory after six months and one year than a control group of students who did not receive the nutritional drink. This study was also conducted with 394 children in Indonesia. The results showed higher test scores for boys and girls in Australia, but only for girls in Indonesia.\nGetting omega-3 fatty acids from food rather than from capsule supplements can be more beneficial, providing additional nutrients, Gómez-Pinilla said.\nScientists are learning which omega-3 fatty acids seem to be especially important. One is docosahexaenoic acid, or DHA, which is abundant in salmon. DHA, which reduces oxidative stress and enhances synaptic plasticity and learning and memory, is the most abundant omega-3 fatty acid in cell membranes in the brain.\n\"The brain and the body are deficient in the machinery to make DHA; it has to come through our diet,\" said Gómez-Pinilla, who was born and raised in salmon-rich Chile and eats salmon three times a week, along with a balanced diet. \"Omega-3 fatty acids are essential.\"\nA healthy diet and exercise can also reduce the effect of brain injury and lead to a better recovery, he said.\nRecent research also supports the hypothesis that health can be passed down through generations, and a number of innovative studies point to the possibility that the effects of diet on mental health can be transmitted across generations, Gómez-Pinilla said.\nA long-term study that included more than 100 years of birth, death, health and genealogical records for 300 Swedish families in an isolated village showed that an individual's risk for diabetes and early death increased if his or her paternal grandparents grew up in times of food abundance rather than food shortage.\n\"Evidence indicates that what you eat can affect your grandchildren's brain molecules and synapses,\" Gómez-Pinilla said. \"We are trying to find the molecular basis to explain this.\"\nControlled meal-skipping or intermittent caloric restriction might provide health benefits, he said.\nExcess calories can reduce the flexibility of synapses and increase the vulnerability of cells to damage by causing the formation of free radicals. Moderate caloric restriction could protect the brain by reducing oxidative damage to cellular proteins, lipids and nucleic acids, Gómez-Pinilla said.\nThe brain is highly susceptible to oxidative damage. Blueberries have been shown to have a strong antioxidant capacity, he noted.\nIn contrast to the healthy effects of diets that are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, diets high in trans fats and saturated fats adversely affect cognition, studies indicate.\nJunk food and fast food negatively affect the brain's synapses, said Gómez-Pinilla, who eats fast food less often since conducting this research. Brain synapses and several molecules related to learning and memory are adversely affected by unhealthy diets, he said.\nEmerging research indicates that the effects of diet on the brain, combined with the effects of exercise and a good night's sleep, can strengthen synapses and provide other cognitive benefits, he added.\nIn Okinawa, an island in Japan where people frequently eat fish and exercise, the lifespan is one of the world's longest, and the population has a very low rate of mental disorders, Gómez-Pinilla noted.\nFolic acid is found in various foods, including spinach, orange juice and yeast. Adequate levels of folic acid are essential for brain function, and folate deficiency can lead to neurological disorders such as depression and cognitive impairment. Folate supplementation, either by itself or in conjunction with other B vitamins, has been shown to be effective in preventing cognitive decline and dementia during aging and enhancing the effects of antidepressants. The results of a recent randomized clinical trial indicate that a three-year folic acid supplementation can help reduce the age-related decline in cognitive function.\nIn patients with major depression and schizophrenia, levels of a signaling molecule known as brain-derived neurotrophic factor, or BDNF, are reduced. Antidepressants elevate BDNF levels, and most treatments for depression and schizophrenia stimulate BDNF. Here, too, omega-3 fatty acids are beneficial, as is the curry spice curcumin, which has been shown to reduce memory deficits in animal models of Alzheimer's disease and brain trauma. BDNF is most abundant in the hippocampus and the hypothalamus — brain areas associated with cognitive and metabolic regulation.\nThe high consumption of curcumin in India may contribute to the low prevalence of Alzheimer's disease on the subcontinent.\nIn humans, a mutation in a BDNF receptor has been linked to obesity and impairments in learning and memory.\n\"BDNF is reduced in the hippocampus, in various cortical areas and in the serum of patients with schizophrenia,\" Gómez-Pinilla said. \"BDNF levels are reduced in the plasma of patients with major depression.\"\nSmaller food portions with the appropriate nutrients seem to be beneficial for the brain's molecules, such as BDNF, he said.\nGómez-Pinilla showed in 1995 that exercise can have an effect on the brain by elevating levels of BDNF.\nHe noted that while some people have extremely good genes, most of us are not so lucky and need a balanced diet, regular exercise and a good night's sleep.\nThe research was funded by the National Institutes of Health's National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke.\nUCLA is California's largest university, with an enrollment of nearly 37,000 undergraduate and graduate students. The UCLA College of Letters and Science and the university's 11 professional schools feature renowned faculty and offer more than 300 degree programs and majors. UCLA is a national and international leader in the breadth and quality of its academic, research, health care, cultural, continuing education and athletic programs. Four alumni and five faculty have been awarded the Nobel Prize.\nMedia Contact:\nStuart Wolpert\nMedia Contact\nStuart Wolpert\nLatest News\nHealth and Behavior\nUCLA Depression Grand Challenge seeks votes in competition for $100,000 grant\n04/24/2019\nTeam members are using social media, reaching out to friends and family, and doing outreach around campus to share information about the effort and ask for their support.\nHealth and Behavior\nUCLA–Tulane study finds improved WIC food packages reduced children’s risk for obesity\n04/23/2019\nThe researchers examined health and population data from more than 180,000 children served by the WIC program in Los Angeles County.\nHealth and Behavior\nLongtime UCLA donors establish faculty chair in restorative dentistry\n04/22/2019\nThe Naomi and Jim Ellison Endowed Chair is the dental school’s third new endowed chair in the past three years and 12th overall.\nHealth and Behavior\nUCLA Health Innovation Challenge to provide funding, resources to improve health care\n04/19/2019\nThe challenge is accepting submissions through May 1, 2019\nHealth and Behavior\nWhen psychiatric medications are abruptly discontinued, withdrawal symptoms may be mistaken for relapse\n04/19/2019\nUCLA research contributes to assessing the reliability of industry-funded drug trials.\nLike Us on Facebook Follow Us on Twitter Subscribe to Our Videos on YouTube Follow us on Instagram Connect with Us on LinkedIn Follow us on Pinterest Follow us on Flickr Follow us on Sharecare\nUCLA Health\nFind a Doctor\nSchool of Medicine\nSchool of Nursing\nUCLA Campus\nDirectory\nNewsroom\nSubscribe\nPatient Stories\nGiving\nCareers\nVolunteer\nInternational Services\nPrivacy Practices\nNondiscrimination\nBilling\nHealth Plans\nEmergency\nReport Broken Links\nTerms of Use\n1-800-UCLA-MD1\nMaps & Directions\nContact Us\nYour Feedback\nGet Social\nSitemap\nLike Us on Facebook Follow Us on Twitter Subscribe to Our Videos on YouTube Follow us on Instagram Connect with Us on LinkedIn Follow us on Pinterest Follow us on Flickr Follow us on Sharecare\n×\nSign in to myUCLAhealth | 2019-04-24T23:56:32Z | "https://www.uclahealth.org/scientists-learn-how-what-you-eat-affects-your-brain-and-your-kids" | www.uclahealth.org | 0 | 8 | 2 |
5 Essential Oils For Rheumatoid Arthritis - Understand\nHome\nAll articles\nHome\nAll articles\nPress Enter/Return to start Search\nHome\nWellness\n5 Essential Oils For Rheumatoid Arthritis\n5 Essential Oils For Rheumatoid Arthritis\nPublished on: January 28, 2019 Author: Vaibhavi Tiwari Comment: 0\nDeveloping joint pain and joint diseases with growing age are common! But, people of any age and sex can develop arthritis. Arthritis gets classified into 100 different types, and the symptoms, damages, and effects vary with each type! Diagnosing the condition at the right time is essential to learn the type so that doctors can start treating the particular form of disease!\nRheumatoid Arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease and different than the common conditions! Apart from causing joint pain, the condition causes damages throughout the body including eyes, lungs, blood vessels, heart, and skin. RA continues for a long term and gets detected by analyzing the symptoms of inflammation.\nHow RA affects the human body?\nThe immune system attacks foreign substances and protects health from viruses and bacteria. The inflammation disorder occurs when the immune system attacks the joints mistakenly causing tissue damages. The tissue thickens which cause pain and swelling around the joints. Ignoring the inflammation disorder for a long time may damage the cartilage, bones and the elastic tissue covering the joint-bone ends.\nThe damages in the cartilage reduce the space between the bones which loosen the joints and make it unstable. The affected person suffers from pain and reduces mobility which may extend to joint deformities. Rheumatoid Arthritis will affect the body joints, i.e., feet, ankles, knees, elbows, and hands. RA is not curable but treatment at the right time will be helpful to manage the condition.\nThe most effective essential oils for Rheumatoid Arthritis\nAromatherapy using certain essential oils will help to get relieved from the major symptoms of RA by lessening swelling, inflammation, pain, and stiffness. The sources of the essential oil are certain plants and herbs. The experts collect the oil from fruits, flowers, leaves, stem, and roots of the plants. You will get the idea about the best five essential oils for RA after going through the content.\nEucalyptus Oil\nEucalyptus trees contain medicinal components which effectively reduce swelling, inflammation, and pain. The oil gets extracted from the leaves of the Eucalyptus tree. The main component of the extracted oil is Eucalyptol which has a strong and penetrating smell. The oil also contains certain other active agents which are powerful anti-inflammatory agents.\nREAD 8 Ways Your Nails Talk About Your Health\nInhaling or adding few drops of the oil in warm bathing water will help in reducing the symptoms of RA. Applying diluted oil or gel topically on the affected area will also reduce the symptoms and help to relieve from pain and inflammation.\nLavender Oil\nThe Lavandula Angustifolia flower buds are the extraction source of Lavender Oil. This oil is popular traditionally for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. The patient can inhale or add to warm bathing water or even apply topically to reduce pain and inflammation.\nIt is recommended to dilute lavender oil with a carrier oil for avoiding skin irritation. Massage the oil on the affected area, i.e., swollen joints in circular motion whenever required or regularly to reduce pain. The oil improves blood circulation and reduces inflammation in the affected area.\nFrankincense Oil\nFrankincense Oil gets, processed from the dried sap of Boswellia tree. It is a traditional medicine used by the practitioners for treating chronic pain and inflammation with its anti-inflammatory, regenerative and antiseptic properties.\nThis oil blocks the progress of RA by restricting the production of the inflammatory substances which prevents the cartilage damages. Sesquiterpenes and monoterpenes present in the oil cause healing making it a potential treatment for treating the condition. The patient needs to dilute the Frankincense Oil and apply topically on the joints.\nTurmeric Oil\nTurmeric is a popular medicinal herb possessing several powerful agents. Curcumin is an active ingredient, found in turmeric having anti-inflammatory properties. The essential oil collected from turmeric reduces inflammation and stimulates blood circulation. Apply the turmeric oil topically on the affected area for reducing joint inflammation.\nEvening Primrose Oil\nEvening Primrose is a rich source of Gamma-Linolenic Acid- GLA which is an Omega-6 fatty acid. The human body converts GLA into a powerful anti-inflammatory when consumed. This oil reduces the symptoms of RA and helps to relieve from stiffness, joint pain, inflammation, and tenderness.\nAdditional things one should know before using the oil\nThere are several other essential oils, collected from natural resources that effectively reduce the symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Using the oil is a safe and alternative treatment but it is crucial to use high-quality and 100% pure oil. The essential oil from varied brands are available online and even at the health stores.\nREAD Atrial fibrillation: Symptoms to prevention's you must be aware of!\nApplying highly concentrated essential oil topically on the skin will irritate! Thus, it is recommended to dilute the oil to reduce the harmful effects. Coconut oil, Olive oil, Sweet Almond Oil, Avocado Oil, Argan Oil, Jojoba Oil, and Grape-seed Oil are the carrier oils, used for diluting the essential oil.\nIt is also essential to choose the right carrier oil and dilute it in the right ratio. You can also prepare a mixture of the essential oils for getting, enhanced effects. Make sure to perform a skin patch test before using the diluted oil. Also, one must learn about the adverse effects associated with using the oil!\nConclusion\nUsing essential oil alongside the doctor prescribed medication proves to be an effective treatment. Besides that collect maximum info about the essential oil before using. Discussing with the doctor before using the oil will prevent you from dangerous interactions. Follow the doctor’s recommendations and advice!\nProper treatment and medication will help to get, relieved from chronic pain; inflammation and other symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Use the oil regularly to experience the best benefits.\nRelated Posts\nCod liver oil: Is it really good for you?\nFor generations, it was a daily horror story to gulp down a spoonful of cod…\nSustenance’s That Are Good for Arthritis Pain\nI am certain you have known about a condition called joint pain. It is an…\nWorld Laughter Day\nLaughter is a small word that sounds very ordinary, yet it can bring extraordinary health…\nBeat the bloat\nThe feeling of discomfort, expansion, carrying extra weight around is frustrating. 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Let's assess a few…\nHOW TO LOSE BELLY FAT\n[Related Blood Test: Whole body Check-up] Belly fat is something, which is not amused by…\nFind Us\n503, Welldone Techpark Sector 48, Sohna Road, Gurugram, Haryana\nContact US\[email protected]\n8882550000\nBack to Top | 2019-04-23T00:03:58Z | "https://www.klinicapp.com/blog/5-essential-oils-for-rheumatoid-arthritis/" | www.klinicapp.com | 0 | 8 | 0 |
Athlete's Foot - New Albany, IN Foot Doctor\nHome\nPhysician\nTeam\nOffice\nServices\nNew Patients\nFinancial Policy\nPatient Education\nEducational Videos\nEducational Videos\nPractice Videos\nAsk the Doctor\nToggle navigation Menu\n812-945-9221\nTwitter\nFacebook\n3605 Northgate Ct Ste 206New Albany, IN 47150812-945-9221\nAthlete's Foot\nOur team of specialists and staff believe that informed patients are better equipped to make decisions regarding their health and well being. For your personal use, we have created an extensive patient library covering an array of educational topics. Browse through these diagnoses and treatments to learn more about topics of interest to you. Or, for a more comprehensive search of our entire Web site, enter your term(s) in the search bar provided.\nAs always, you can contact our office to answer any questions or concerns.\nAthlete's foot is a skin infection caused by fungus. A fungal infection may occur on any part of the body; on the foot it is called athlete’s foot, or tinea pedis. Fungus commonly attacks the feet because it thrives in a dark, moist, warm environment such as a shoe.\nFungal infections are more common in warm weather when feet tend to sweat more. Fungus thrives in damp areas such as swimming pools, showers, and locker rooms. Athletes commonly have sweaty feet and use the facilities where fungus is commonly found, thus the term \"athlete's foot.\"\nAthlete's foot usually produces itchy, dry, scaling skin. It is commonly seen on the soles of the feet and in between the toes. In advanced cases, inflammation, cracks, and blisters may form; an infection caused by bacteria can also result. The fungus can spread to other areas of the body, including toenails.\nAvoiding walking barefoot combined with good foot hygiene can help reduce the spread of the fungus. Feet should be washed every day with soap and water and thoroughly dried, including between the toes. Feet should be kept as dry as possible. If your feet sweat a lot you may need to change your socks during the day. Anti-fungal powders, sprays, and/or creams are often utilized to treat athlete's foot. Your foot and ankle surgeon will recommend the best treatment for you.\nPatient Education\nWhat Is a Podiatrist?\nPosterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction (PTTD)\nAccessory Navicular Syndrome\nCommon Disorders of the Achilles Tendon\nAchilles Tendon Rupture\nDiabetic Complications and Amputation Prevention\nAnkle Arthritis\nAnkle Fractures\nChronic Ankle Instability\nAnkle Pain\nAnkle Sprain\nArch Pain\nArch Supports\nAthlete's Foot\nBaseball Injuries to the Foot and Ankle\nBasketball Injuries to the Foot and Ankle\nSoft Tissue Biopsy\nBlack Toenails\nBone Healing\nBone Infection\nBone Tumors in the Foot\nBrachymetararsia\nBunions (Hallux Abducto Valgus)\nBursitis\nCalcaneal Apophysitis (Sever's Disease)\nFractures of the Calcaneus (Heel Bone Fractures)\nCalf Pain\nCallus\nCapsulitis of the Second Toe\nCavus Foot (High-Arched Foot)\nCharcot Foot\nClubfoot\nCold Feet\nCompartment Syndrome\nContact Dermatitis\nCorns\nCracked Heels\nCrutch Use\nCustom Orthotic Devices\nCyst-Ganglion\nDeep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)\nDermatitis\nDiabetic Complications and Amputation Prevention\nDiabetic Foot Care Guidelines\nDiabetic Peripheral Neuropathy\nDiabetic Shoes\nDrop Foot\nDry Heels\nDVT (Deep Vein Thrombosis)\nEczema of the Foot\nEquinus\nExtra Bones\nFallen Arches\nField Hockey Injuries to the Foot and Ankle\nFifth Metatarsal Fracture\nFlatfoot-Adult Acquired\nFlatfoot-Flexible\nFlatfoot-Pediatric\nFlexible Flatfoot\nFoot Arthritis\nFoot Bumps\nFoot Drop\nFoot Fracture\nFoot Lumps\nFoot Odor\nFoot Rash\nFootball Injuries to the Foot and Ankle\nFracture-Ankle\nFracture-Foot\nFractures of the Calcaneus (Heel Bone Fractures)\nFractures of the Fifth Metatarsal\nFracture-Toe\nFrostbite\nFungal Nails\nGanglion Cyst\nGangrene\nGolf Injuries to the Foot and Ankle\nGout\nHaglund's Deformity\nHallux Rigidus\nHammertoes\nHeel Bone Fractures\nHeel Cracks\nHeel Fissures\nHeel Pain (Plantar Fasciitis)\nHigh-Arched Foot\nInflammation: Actue\nIngrown Toenails\nInstructions for Using Crutches\nIntermetatarsal Neuroma\nIntoeing\nJoint Pain in the Foot\nJoint Swelling in the Foot\nJones Fracture\nLacrosse Injuries to the Foot and Ankle\nLisfranc Injuries\nLumps\nMalignant Melanoma of the Foot\nMRSA Infection of the Foot\nOrthotics\nOs Trigonum Syndrome\nOsteoporosis\nOsteoarthritis of the Foot and Ankle\nOsteomyelitis (Bone Infection)\nOsteopenia\nP.A.D. (Peripheral Arterial Disease)\nPediatric Flatfoot\nPeripheral Arterial Disease (P.A.D.)\nPeripheral Neuropathy: Diabetic\nPeroneal Tendon Injuries\nPigeon-toes\nPlantar Fasciitis\nPlantar Fibroma\nPlantar Wart (Verruca Plantaris)\nPosterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction (PTTD)\nPump Bump (Hallux Rigidus)\nPuncture Wounds\nRash\nRaynauds Phenomenon\nRestless Legs\nRheumatoid Arthritis in the Foot and Ankle\nR.I.C.E Protocol\nRugby Injuries to the Foot and Ankle\nRunning and Track Injuries to the Foot and Ankle\nRunning Injuries\nSesamoid Injuries in the Foot\nShin Splints\nShoe Inserts\nSkin Cancer of the Foot and Ankle\nSmelly Feet\nSoccer Injuries to the Foot and Ankle\nSoft Tissue Biopsy\nSoftball Injuries to the Foot and Ankle\nSports Injuries to the Foot and Ankle\nStaph Infections of the Foot\nStress Fracture in the Foot\nSweaty Feet\nSwollen Ankles\nSwollen Feet\nSynovitis\nTailor's Bunion\nTalar Dome Lesion\nTarsal Coalition\nTarsal Tunnel Syndrome\nTennis Injuries to the Foot and Ankle\nThick Toenails\nTingly Feet\nTired Feet\nToe and Metatarsal Fractures (Broken Toes)\nToe Walking\nTurf Toe\nUlcers/Wounds\nVaricose Veins\nVolleyball Injuries to the Foot and Ankle\nWarts\nWeak Ankles\nWebbed Toes\nWhite Toenails\nWounds/Ulcers\nWounds-Puncture\nYellow Toenails\nOUR LOCATION\nFOOT FIRST PODIATRY\n812-945-9221\n3605 Northgate Ct Ste 206New Albany, IN 47150\nTwitter\nFacebook\nblog\nCopyright © MH Sub I, LLC dba Officite\nDisclaimer\nPatient Privacy\nSite Map\nNew Albany, IN Podiatrist Foot First Podiatry 3605 Northgate Ct Ste 206 New Albany, IN 47150 (812) 945-9221 Call For Pricing Options | 2019-04-22T06:19:41Z | "https://www.footfirstpodiatry.net/library/6708/Athlete%27sFoot.html" | www.footfirstpodiatry.net | 1 | 3 | 1 |
Show Posts - SarahVaughter\nSarah Vaughter answers questions about OwnDoc products\nWelcome, Guest. Please login or register.\n1 Hour 1 Day 1 Week 1 Month Forever\nLogin with username, password and session length\n::: IMPORTANT NOTICE :::\nThis forum is now read-only because we had to stop giving medical advice. However, Sarah gave medical advice over 2000 times in this forum so using the search function above this text, you will very likely be able to find the answers you're looking for. If you are our customer and want to send us before-and-after pictures for promotional purposes to receive a possible refund on our Derminator® machine, please file a ticket at http://owndoc.com/support instead.\nHome\nHelp\nSearch\nLogin\nRegister\nSarah Vaughter answers questions about OwnDoc products »\nProfile of SarahVaughter »\nShow Posts »\nMessages\nPlease only post questions when you could not find the answer searching this forum or our instructions. Pre-and post-sales questions about our products only. Thank you!\nProfile Info\nSummary\nShow Stats\nShow Posts...\nMessages\nTopics\nAttachments\nShow Posts\nThis section allows you to view all posts made by this member. Note that you can only see posts made in areas you currently have access to.\nMessages\nTopics\nAttachments\nMessages - SarahVaughter\nPages: « 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 »\n1711\nDermarolling / Microneedling / Subcision and Dermarolling\n« on: December 01, 2010, 02:11:16 PM »\nI suppose your question is about acne scars because you appear to refer to subcision.\nFor deep acne scars, I recommend to use a 1.5 mm dermastamp or the single needles.\n1712\nDermarolling / Microneedling / when can i resume using my regular face cream after rolling\n« on: November 30, 2010, 12:54:02 PM »\nInfadolan is a protective and regenerative ointment that should be applied (just a little) immediately after rolling with long needles (longer than 0.5 mm). Initially the skin is dry and rough after rolling and should be well protected.\nAfter a day or two (depending how quickly you heal) you can start your normal routines (except for peels or harsh exfoliation). Antioxidant creams do not interfere with collagen production, you can use your regular creams without any restriction.\nI know that Aquaphor is often recommended for first two days after Fraxel laser but I think it is also an ointment.\nIf protective ointments cause you breakouts, use a cream that you already know doesn’t cause you breakouts. It is very difficult for me to name any because some acne sufferers claim breaking out after creams that didn’t cause breakouts in other acne suffers so it is more a matter of individual experience.\nI answered a similar question here: Scroll down to my reply posted on November 30th, 2010 06:40 AM\nhttp://forums.owndoc.com/dermarolling-microneedling/Questions-about-your-vit-A-D-ointment-Infadolan\n1713\nDermarolling / Microneedling / Questions about your vit. A D ointment Infadolan\n« on: November 30, 2010, 08:40:29 AM »\nI'm sorry - I totally overlooked your question!\nThe best is to pre-treat with vit. A. We now sell Tretinoin gel for pretreatment (also very suitable for acne-prone skin).\nHowever, Tretinoin, AKA Retinoic Acid is acidic and is not suitable to be applied immediately after rolling - especially not on the face - because it will sting and irritate the skin.\nInfadolan is a protective, regenerative ointment with a non-acidic form of vit. A and it is suitable for immediate application.\nYou can replace it with something you know doesn’t cause you break outs but preferably it should be in a tube because creams in tubes cannot get so easily contaminated as creams in jars.\nHydrating creams are not very suitable for this. Hydrating creams saturate the skin surface with water which makes the skin look temporarily better but this very temporary hydration actually increases the evaporation of water from the skin! After several hours you end up with drier skin than you started with. Then you're forced to again apply hydrating cream and the vicious circle continues..\nA good moisturizer locks water into the skin, it prevents its evaporation. It needs a certain amount of oil to keep the moisture in. It is very important to keep the skin moisturized after dermarolling. If you are prone to acne, apply a more \"heavy\" cream at least one or two days after rolling with long needles (longer than 0.5 mm).\nIf you pre-treat with Tretinoin, then apply Infadolan (or another heavy cream) immediately after, there is no problem to go for a few days without application of vit. A. After 2-3 days you can restart with Tretinoin.\n1714\nDermarolling / Microneedling / Melanocytes transfer for white scars and hypopigmentation\n« on: November 29, 2010, 12:37:36 PM »\n>I was wondering if you discovered any more info with regards to melanocyte\n>transfer and how it relates to dermarolling? I have white scars all over my\n>upper body and I am interested in trying dermarolling or skin needling in\n>order to repigment the areas.\nYou should first try single-needling the scars. That by itself often triggers or \"wakes up\" melanocytes (skin pigment producting cells). You should needle the white patches and also needle a little over the edges of the white patch to facilitate the migration of melanocytes from the surrounding normal skin into the white patch.When you complete several needlings, expose your scars to the sun because melanin is produced as a reaction to UV (provided there are melanocyte cells in the area to produce it).\nWhen you look at this photo by a customer with a vaccination scar, you can see how the scar tissue improved and the area became tanned:\nhttp://www.owndoc.com/stretchmarks/dermarolling-before-and-after-photos-from-our-customers/\nIf you do not get results, needle your scars and immediately roll all over the area with a 0.5 mm roller. The melanocytes are at the bottom of the epidermis, which is about the depth to which the 0.5 mm roller penetrates.\nYou can also disinfect your thigh for example, needle the scars and then roll on your thigh with 0.5 mm to hopefully harvest some melanocytes - then roll over your scars to hopefully implant them. Repeat this harvest/implant procedure several times during one procedure.\nOr needle the hypopigmented spots a little to prepare them, then attempt the melanocyte transplantation with the single needle only - insert it (not too deep) into the disinfected skin with normal color and then back to the hypopigmented spots. Repeat this, there and back, many times.\nHere follows an interesting method of melanocytes transfer but I am not sure whether it is doable for home treatment. I have to think about it. Instead of dermabrasion at the recipient site, needling would be performed (that is better) but I still have to solve the problem of how to safely harvest melanocytes with this method without risking a scar.\nhttp://www.ijdvl.com/article.asp?issn=0378-6323;year=2008;volume=74;issue=6;spage=622;epage=624;aulast=Kachhawa\n1715\nDermarolling / Microneedling / derma stamp\n« on: November 25, 2010, 04:13:05 PM »\nWe now have it in store! :-)\nIndeed an excellent tool to treat more serious acne scars on the face.\nBuy dermastamp for acne scars\n1716\nDermarolling / Microneedling / Dermarolling for acne scars\n« on: November 25, 2010, 09:55:58 AM »\n>I have some rolling scars on my cheeks from acne, and I read about your\n>dermaroller but im not sure if it will work or if it only works on ice pick\n>scars, etc. and im not sure which to buy. I attached a picture, I have them\n>on both cheeks and some along the sides of my chin. Does this product\n>really work?\nYou are lucky because your scars are quite minor.\nDermarolling works for all types of acne scars however you should not expect complete disappearance of the scars. Just improvement. In successful dermarolling cases, acne scars soften, they fill in and thus become less indented - if they are darker their color improves and the overall texture evens.\nThe skin consists of three main layers. The epidermis, dermis and subdermis.\nAcne scars are in the dermis and you need a needle length to thoroughly reach the dermis.\nYou have three options:\nUse a 1.5 mm normal-width roller.\nUse a 1.5 mm dermastamp.\nUse a 2 mm single needle.\nRolling with 1.5 mm can be quite painful, especially before you get used to it. Lots of people roll without a numbing cream and they claim it is bearable. Other use an ice pack or a numbing cream (we sell EMLA). I personally can roll my entire face without EMLA, with the exception of area above the lip.\nIn your case, I would recommend a 1.5 mm dermaroller. Roll quite densely over your cheeks every 3-4 weeks. If you get no improvement after 4 rolls, start to needle the individual scars with our custom-made single needles. Single needling is the most intensive and targeted treatment for scars.\nIn case of more serious acne scars than yours, I recommend a derma stamp, which you can combine with single-needling, especially if the results are not as hoped for.\nUnfortunately, just like with any other method, including an expensive dermabrasion or laser resurfacing - not everybody achieves results but if you are patient and do not give up too early, you should achieve noticeable to strong improvement.\nYour post-acne spots and moderate redness (or is makeup/a photographic artefact?) may be improved by Tretinoin gel (also available from us).\nTretinoin's primary indication in dermatology is acne. Tretinoin speeds up the skin's turnover and it thus keeps acne under control, unclogs pores, and speeds up the diminishing of pigmentation, etc.\nThe only problem with Tretinoin is that if you use too much or use it too frequently, it can dry out and irritate the skin. Start very slowly. A pea-sized bead of gel is enough for the entire face. Saves money as well :-)\nBoth dermarolling and Tretinoin speed up the skin's turnover (renewal), which helps with many skin conditions, but it requires extra moisturizing and remember that the more is not always the better..\nIf you can spare 2 more dollars, also buy our vit. C powder for a homemade vit. C serum, since vit. C is needed for collagen synthesis. There are reasons why you should really make such a serum yourself, having to do with stability and purity.\nSome people achieved amazing results with dermarolling such as the lady on this photo. She is not our customer, neither do I know the doctor who performed her procedure.\nI just wanted to show that such results are possible. Even though your scars are incomparably less severe than hers.\nAcne scars before and after roll CIT:\nhttp://www.realself.com/photo/157755\n1717\nDermarolling / Microneedling / We now sell Retinoic Acid gel\n« on: November 22, 2010, 02:57:34 PM »\n0.05% Retinoic acid (Tretinoin) gel in a 20 g tube\nThe reason we are twice as cheap as the world's cheapest supplier (incl. shipping cost) is that some tubes may have some (harmless) dents in them.\nWe charge 13 dollars. There is one online pharmacy that charges less, but that's just a trick because when you checkout, you'll find that shipping is 25 dollars, so even when buying two tubes, we're the cheapest in the world. We charge $2.50 for shipping to the US and $2,- to Europe.\nRetin-A repairs photodamaged skin, improves fine lines and wrinkles, unclogs pores and black heads, controls acne, helps eliminating acne spots and evens out skin coloration. It improves the appearance of fresh stretch marks and to a lesser extent of old stretch marks. For most conditions, the effects of Retin-A will only appear after several months of use.\nExcellent for dermarolling pre-treatment of face, scars, stretch marks, skin with lost elasticity and unwanted pigmentation.\nOnly a pea-size amount of gel should be used to spread on the entire face. Using more may cause irritation and redness. Make sure the skin is dry before application.\nSince Tretinoin is sun sensitive, apply before bedtime and use a high factor sun screen over the next days.\nIn the beginning, do not apply daily. Start slowly. Apply every three days, then gradually every second day, etc.\nTretinoin will likely make your skin peel. To avoid peeling of your fingers, wash your hands after applying the gel.\nIf skin redness, irritation or excessive peeling occurs, decrease the frequency of application and the amount of the applied gel.\nDo not apply immediately after dermarolling, because it will sting. Wait at least until the day after.\nIf used for acne the condition may worsen at first and improvement comes later.\nKeep the skin moisturized. Vit. A is fat-soluble and can be applied together with other creams.\nDo not apply if you are pregnant, lactating or planning a pregnancy.\n1718\nDermarolling / Microneedling / 19 ways to recognize dermarolling scammers\n« on: November 21, 2010, 05:24:29 PM »\n1. They claim FDA approval\nWe don't know of any commercially available dermaroller to non-medical doctors that has FDA approval. If a site claims that their roller is FDA approved, they should state the FDA registration number. With that number you can verify the FDA approval. Without it, you can still verify the claim here:\nhttp://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfRL/rl.cfm\nYou'll find that typing for example \"Dermal Integrity\" into \"Establishment name\" yields zero results, meaning the company has no FDA-registered devices. When a company lies about FDA approval, what else are they lying about? Sure, most rollers come in boxes with the FDA seal on them. I don't know what the FDA can do about that, since they can't possibly open all mail and verify all stamps and seals. There is very little they can do against a Chinese eBay seller anyway.\n2. They give their dermaroller a brand name\nThere are a ver few real real brand names in the roller world. Apart from Dr. Roller, Original Dermaroller, and SRS Micro Meso, there exist no other brands of dermarollers. The Scientia roller, for example, is just an overpriced Dr. Roller with the cardboard packaging removed. All other dermarollers except the forementioned three are generic models made in China. They come in generic plastic boxes and are packaged in generic cardboard boxes. However, any company ordering a few thousand of those rollers will get branded versions, typically a brand name on the roller handle, a brand name on the plastic box or a customized box, plus a customized cardboard box.\n3. They claim patented or patent-pending manufacturing processes.\nApart from the Original Dermaroller™, no other rollers have any patents on them, because China - the country that produces them - does not even honor international patents, in practice. So the factories don't bother with for example a very expensive US patent. If they claim patents, ask for their patent number(s) so that it can be verified.\n4. They say they only sell certain needle lengths to medical doctors, but if you try to order, there is no verification that you are indeed a doctor.\nThey have this bogus restriction to gain trust with the customer and create a desire to purchase the \"medical-grade\" roller. When the customer attempts to order the roller, all that is required is to tick a box saying: \"I am a medical doctor\" for the rollers with long needles.\n5. They claim that their rollers are manufactured in the US or Europe\nNo dermarollers are produced in the US or Europe. All rollers are made in China or Korea. Not that this matters, but it's just a trick to gain customer confidence.\n6. They claim a unique invention, such a \"special needles\", \"more needles\" or \"special light\".\nAn example of this:\nforums.owndoc.com/dermarolling-microneedling/i-found-a-dermaroller-with-540-needles/\n7. They make many unverifiable or vague statements to make their product seem more attractive.\nSuch as \"quick results
", \"doctor-directed\", \"natural, high tech skin care technology\", \"high quality polished Swedish stainless steel\", \"unique quality control serial number\", \"unique patented ergonomic design by award-winning designer\", \"medical grade plastic\", \"no <fill in scary term>\"\n8. They are too dismissive of competing rollers, claiming they will \"rust\" or \"dull quickly\".\nIn fact, not even the worst rollers in our dermaroller test rusted. It simply is sowing FUD (fear, uncertainty, doubt)\n9. They have many glowing testimonials on their site.\nIt is very easy to make up a few testimonials. For dermarolling products, we don't bother to put them on our site any more. We opened an open forum instead, where everyone can discuss their experiences - good or bad. Enthusiastic testimonials are highly suspicious, for the simple reason that:\nA. Permanent results only come after at least half a year of rolling - regardless what they'd like you to believe.\nB. If any enthusiastic testimonials are received before that, then it is unethical to publish those rather premature testimonials, because they're due to temporary puffiness or other transient effects.\nC. After a half a year or more of rolling, customers are unlikely to send in testimonials any more.\nWe have sold many thousands of dermarollers, and we hardly ever received a \"raving testimonial\" of the type we read on the scam sites. We do not believe that the sites selling those over-priced rollers publish real testimonials. Some sites haven't even been selling rollers for more than a few months and they already have testimonials about \"amazing results\". Testimonials really don't make much sense, for dermarollers. Any decent dermaroller will give similar results. All that counts is the price and that it's not of inferior quality. And of course that you stick to a good treatment regimen, such as our dermarolling instructions>. Incidentally, we've noticed that the \"brand names\" are putting our guidelines online in a \"spun\" (rephrased) form. It's still very recognizable in some cases. They had to \"spin\" them, because we forced them to remove literal copies. We worked hard on our instructions - an ongoing project. We resent that others pretend to be knowledgeable by publishing rephrased versions of our research.\n10. They have very many before-and-after pictures on their site.\nIt is very hard to acquire good before-and-after pictures. A customer has first to religiously stick to an optimal treatment schedule for a year or so, then decide all by themselves to send in high-resolution, sharp, well-lighted pictures, and trust and agree that the photo's can be used on some commercial site, as long as a small black box is placed over their eyes.\nNearly all those pictures are copied from course books on dermatology and plastic surgery. That's why they're all uniform-looking with similar background and lighting and you don't see a Copyright message on them such as on our pictures that really do come from happy customers. If it weren't for the big \"Vaughter Wellness\" text on our pictures, they would be plastered all over the Internet by now.\n11. They claim that most dermarollers have 0.15 mm thick needles that last shorter, and that 0.3 mm is better.\nWe have tested many dermarollers in our dermaroller review and we did not find any roller with 0.15 mm needles. To our knowledge, nearly all dermarollers available in the market today have a needle thickness of 0.25 mm and the reason is that scientific research found that that is the ideal thickness for microneedling. 0.3 is the upper limit (such thick needles increase the risk of scarring) and 0.2 mm is the lower limit (lower than that and the beneficial effect of collagen regeneration is sub-optimal). So this is a myth in order to spread suspicion against the other rollers. As an aside, 0.15 mm needles would bend very easily.\n12. They claim that their rollers last a full year or longer.\nThis is always a lie, because technology is not yet so advanced that they can produce non-blunting metal needles for affordable prices. Needle tips are only a few molecules wide at the end and they always blunt after a few thousand skin penetrations. Perhaps there exist an exotic material such as ceramics that blunts slower, but there exists no special dermaroller today that lasts longer than about seven average treatment sessions, meaning that you roll not a tiny patch of skin and not a huge area such as your entire chest. Don't forget that these plastic dermarollers are originally intended to be used only once - they are intended to be sold as disposable rollers for clinics.\nNoone can claim that their rollers last \"more than one year\". All needles blunt and how fast they blunt depends on how much you roll. One year is only achievable when you only roll small areas - infrequently.\n13. They claim that dermarolling does not hurt and that numbing creams can damage nerves.\nThis is totally false. Dermarolling hurts - a lot. Even rolling with a 0.5 mm roller hurts. Many say: \"It hurts like hell\". The only possible reason someone would want to claim that dermarolling doesn't hurt or is only \"slightly painful\" would be to sell more rollers. Dermarolling is as painful as those needles look! No point in denying that. If you are scared of pain, don't roll or use ice packs or a numbing cream. If you want to look better, you'll have to suffer. No free lunch. Most competitors find it impossible to supply numbing creams because they are prescription-based in Europe, China refuses to dropship them due to frequent confiscation so there are very few places that still dropship them. In fact only one company in the world still does this. So White Lotus, unable to sell numbing creams and afraid people will buy the entire order from another vendor, simply claims that dermarolling doesn't hurt. Their site is full of scary warnings to warn against everything that doesn't fit their business model, such as \"There is scientific evidence that numbing creams can damage local nerves\". Funny how they never give a link to such \"evidence\" - because there is none.\n14. They sell their own sterilizing spray\nMicroneedling devices should be thoroughly cleaned after use by rinsing it in warm soapy water first and then immersing it for at least half an hour into a > 60% alcohol solution or some other kind of sterilizing agent such as Chloramine-T (cheaper and more effective than alcohol). Merely spraying the needles is not enough by far, as the alcohol evaporates before the bacteria die. It takes a long time to really sterilize (as opposed to merely \"disinfect\") something with alcohol - a few seconds of spray won't cover every part of the needles fully. The reason they sell a tiny spray bottle for several times the price of a large bottle with denaturated alcohol from the pharmacy is because they can make good money with it. They can't make money with a large bottle of disinfecting alcohol - you can buy that cheaper in a local store. But that's exactly what you should do, if you want to properly disinfect your dermaroller. If you want to go one step further and sterilize your microneedling instrument, you should use Chloramine-T.\n15. They claim that dermarolling can increase breast size\nAnyone who understands the principles of microneedling knows this can't be true:\nWhite Lotus claims that dermarolling can enlarge breasts\nOf course, such wild, unsubstantiated claims sell more rollers. they know very well that dermarolling can't augment breasts, so they are careful to call it \"Breast Enhancement Acupuncture\". Buyer beware - at the time of writing, they sell a dermaroller that costs 3 dollars bulk wholesale and a needleless massage roller, plus a tiny \"serum\" bottle for $139.95. That's $9.95 worth of value and $130 profit. And if you use the roller to increase the size of your breasts, it's not even worth $9.95 - it just won't work.\n16. They claim that vitamins can be harmful, when used with dermarolling.\nProbably because there is little profit margin on pharmaceutical vitamins (because they have to be purchased from a pharmacy first) and there is much more profit on self-produced \"serums\", White Lotus claimed that vitamins are bad because they are \"artificial\" and they can cause liver failure and whatnot. Because the skin is 1000 times more \"open\" and the vit. A will damage your liver, etc.\nFirst of all: You need so much vit. A to cause liver damage that if you would eat a hundred tubes of vit. A cream, nothing would happen. Scott's South Pole expedition ended badly and that was partially due to vit. A poisoning. They had been eating polar bear livers for weeks, ingesting absolutely huge amounts of vit. A, millions of times more than is in an entire tube.\nSecondly: Vit A cream is not used directly after dermarolling! So their scaremongering is based on a straw man, a false premisse, a red herring.\nFor the rest: It has been proven many times in a clinical setting that vit. C and D is very beneficial and even essential to healing skin. The same with vit. A. \"artificial\" or \"natural\" are meaningless words without exact definitions. Uranium is natural, would you eat it? The vit. C we sell is 100% medically pure L-Ascorbic acid crystals, purer than found in nature, achieving great results in medical trials.\nOf course there is little money to be made with vit. C, hence the disinterest on the part of White Lotus to sell it, because if they charge too much, anyone can see that and buy it locally. Our vit. C sells for three dollars. Instead of lying to our customers and squeezing the last drop of cash out of them, we chose to simply provide whatever has been proven to be beneficial, for an honest price - our cost plus a modest percentage.\n17. They sell tiny bottles of expensive, self-made \"enhancement serums\" with extracts of some cheap herbs of which the efficacy is wholly unproven.\nYou know how you can immediately recognize dermarolling scammers? They sell their own \"miracle serums\" instead of clinically proven vitamin creams and ointments. Vitamin creams are expensive. They are made in pharmaceutical companies and sold in pharmacies. They have proven themselves in countless medical studies and conform to strict quality requirements. Such vitamins are expensive and not much money can be made with them, hence the need to sell self-produced \"serums\" that cost nearly nothing to produce and can be sold at a huge profit margin. The most expensive part is the bottle and the cost of shipping. Stay far away from those peddling their own serums, potions, herbal extracts and essential oil mixtures. Scientia sells self-branded multivitamins for a dollar a pill (30 dollars/month) that cost 50 cents a bottle wholesale. Made in China. Buyer beware - source your multivitamins from a reputable Western manufacturer, not from a 20-year-old in Hong Kong.\n18. They copy lare sections of text verbatim from competitors\nMost online vendors of dermarollers are youngh Chinese males pretending to be respectable, large companies. Those kids do not have the slightest interest in microneedling, but they are very savvy internet marketeers. Because they have more \"make money online\" schemes going, they don't write their own articles but they copy from sites like ours. Cases in point: Scientia and Skinfinite. Both copied large sections of text and, in Scientia's case, even photo's from our site. It's usually stuff from my dermarolling guidelines, but they copied the descriptions in our web store or sales page as well. If you see anything that are near-identical to paragraphs that I wrote, you have just spotted a scammer. Scientia is by far the worst offender, and we had to submit three DMCA takedown requests to get just one of his many sites cleaned up:\nhttp://owndoc.com/DMCA/Scientia.pdf\nhttp://owndoc.com/DMCA/Scientia3.pdf\n19. They say that you should roll more often than once every three weeks with needles of 1.5 mm length (or similar advice)\nSuch advice will ruin your skin instead of improve it. The full cycle of collagen regeneration takes months - many months! All such advice does is sell many more rollers because the more often you use them, the sooner they get blunt. This advice is either based on ignorance or malice.\n1719\nDermarolling / Microneedling / a rash on the side of my face\n« on: November 21, 2010, 12:40:45 PM »\nHighly likely it's either a bacterial or a fungal infection. I'd wager bacterial, having developed inside the powder. You should keep the area dry. And use Betadine cream on it. Being Iodine-based, it effectively kills both fungi and bacteria. If you can't get Betadine, try another Iodine-based cream.\n1720\nDermarolling / Microneedling / What to order?\n« on: November 17, 2010, 12:15:03 PM »\nWash it in very hot water with dishwashing liquid and keep it in a place where it dries very quickly.\nThis is a relevant paragraph from our dermarolling instructions:\n“After brushing, wash the brush with dishwashing liquid in near-boiling water or put it in the dishwasher. Store the brush in a place where it can dry quickly.\nIf your facial skin is sensitive, do not dry brush. Instead, exfoliate your face or body in the shower with a fine salt (mixed with soap or almond oil if you wish). If the salt is irritating or rough on your skin, use baking soda or ground coffee.”\n1721\nDermarolling / Microneedling / 0.25 aftercare, skin redness, vit. C stinging\n« on: November 17, 2010, 11:45:28 AM »\nYes. Flakes are just pieces of “dead” skin which are being replaced by new skin. Dermarolling speeds up skin turnover so the renewal of the skin happens much quicker than normal. The old pieces of skin are being shed. Dermarolling causes intensive exfoliation especially if you also use vit. C serum. No problem with rolling but if your skin peels a lot, give it a rest. There is no reason to cause more exfoliation if there is already a lot.\nOnly if your flakes are caused by a skin disorder or an infection (such as psoriasis or eczema) you should not roll.\n1722\nDermarolling / Microneedling / Partial face rolling\n« on: November 13, 2010, 12:19:36 PM »\nDermarolling speeds up the skin's turnover. In other words, it speeds up the skin's renewal. It basically makes the skin peel a little and the dry flakes are getting replaced by new skin.\nMore frequent rolls are good for aging skin because as we age, the natural renewal of the skin slows down.\nIf you are a young girl, your skin renews regularly so you do not need to roll your face that often, unless you are trying to get rid of pigmentations, uneven skin tone etc.\nYou should reduce the frequency of rolls, dilute the vit. C serum with more water or reduce the frequency of application and keep the skin moisturized.\nOne of the best skin moisturizer is almond oil. Wet a cotton pad with tap water, add some almond oil and clean your skin with it.\nThe same goes for exfoliation. It makes the skin glowing but overly frequent exfoliation might temporarily cause dry skin. The same with overly frequent acid peels.\nIf you do not roll too often, it might be that the vit. C serum is too strong. Just dilute it with water.\n1723\nDermarolling / Microneedling / white stretch marks vs. red/purple stretch marks with dermarolling/needling?\n« on: November 13, 2010, 07:12:51 AM »\nYes, exactly.\nIt will sting because Retin A is acidic. After you apply Retin A, wait for about ten minutes and put a thin layer of Infadolan as protection and moisturisation (an ointment, contrary to a cream, prevents moisture loss by providing a barrier). The scar should not become dry - keep it moisturized with our occlusive ointment. This is very important. In several days it will likely start peeling. Don’t forget to pre- and post-treat the scar with vitamin C serum.\nThe stretch mark will turn very red and will stay red for many days. Then it will slowly revert to its original state. It may take months to see improvement from this treatment because the remodeling of the scar will take months to be completed.\nStretch marks are extremely difficult to improve and very intensive and repeated treatments are necessary to achieve improvement.\nNeedling the stretch mark targets exactly the depth of the skin where the stretch marks are and the regeneration will happen in th
deep layers of dermis.\nYou cannot remove the crack in the skin (stretch marks are skin cracks) but you can greatly improve its appearance and shrink both its width and depth.\n1724\nDermarolling / Microneedling / Question about single needing, versus a 3 line roller\n« on: November 12, 2010, 06:41:21 PM »\nSingle needling is the most targeted and the most effective. It crushes the hardened collagen, it goes deeper than a dermaroller, you can needle very densely, and to different depths and from different angles.\nUnfortunately, a 3-liner cannot substitute this.\nThe problem with vit. C is that it is unstable and it is quite difficult to stabilize it. By the time a vit. C cream or serum gets to the customer, the vit . C in it might be totally useless, especially because I don't believe that those serums are refridgerated during storage and transport.\nThat is why we prefer our customers to make their own fresh serum every two weeks and keep it in an airtight container in the fridge. Making your own serum also enables you to make a high percentage of vit. C. There is nothing easier, cheaper and more reliable than simply to mix some Ascorbic acid crystals into lukewarm water and using that. 100% pure vitamin C, and vitamin C only - exactly in the concentration your skin can just endure well, after micro-needling.\nYour serum doesn’t say how much vit. C it contains. The ingredient list on products is listed in descending order of contents. So it most likely doesn’t contain much vit. C. I don't like such a huge ingredient list either, when the goal is just to apply vitamin C. Some of those ingredients are totally OK, but some may interfere with its absorption.\nIf you look at how much vit. C you get for your money, then you are extremely much better off buying ours. You can make a much larger quantity of stronger vit. C serum for the same price and I think we're cheaper with shippign as well, since our vit. C fits in an envelope, sent by ordinary mail. I think it's 3.5 dollars incl. shipping..\n1725\nDermarolling / Microneedling / Dermarolling for thinning hair\n« on: November 12, 2010, 06:32:28 PM »\n>I understand that dermarolling can be effective\n>for thinning hair. I have a 1.0 mm and 1.5\n>dermaroller that I ordered from you this summer.\n>I wondered if you could recommend the frequency\n>of dermarolling on the scalp.\nThe most effective is to roll with a 0.2 or a 0.5 mm regular dermaroller (to enhance Minoxidil absorption) and apply Minoxidil right after dermarolling. Minoxidil doesn't grow new hair (such a miracle doesn’t exist yet) but it prolongs the growing phase of the hair. Hair cycles - it has active and dormant phases and by prolonging the growing phase, there will be more hair on your scalp.\nYou have to be careful with Minoxidil. Please read this posting:\nhttp://forums.owndoc.com/dermarolling-microneedling/rolling-minoxidil-into-the-scalp/\nAlso, Minoxidil (especially the high percentages from 5%) sometimes/rarely thickens facial hair, which is not an appreciable effect when you are a woman however it is reversible and it will disappear if you discontinue Minoxidil. When you apply it, make sure it doesn't run down your face.\nYou should start with 2% Minoxidil and apply it with a 0.2 mm dermaroller every second day. If you have no problems, you can apply it every day. It will take several months to see the effects.\nYou can try to encourage hair growth by dermarolling itself, using a 0.5 or a 1 mm regular dermaroller (with or without Minoxidi)l. It will bring blood to the skin and thus nourishes the hair follicles.\nThe easiest way to roll the scalp is to roll in one direction only. Direction from the hair roots to the hair ends.\nI think that the combination of Minoxidil with and dermaroller will be more successful than rolling without Minoxidil.\nPlease read:\nA randomized evaluator blinded study of effect of microneedling in androgenetic alopecia: A pilot study\nhttp://www.ijtrichology.com/article.asp?issn=0974-7753;year=2013;volume=5;issue=1;spage=6;epage=11;aulast=Dhurat\nYou may also be interested in this study about the effect of Ketoconazole on Androgenic Alopecia:\nketoconazole-hairloss.pdf\nPages: « 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 »\nSMF 2.0.7 | SMF © 2014, Simple Machines\nXHTML\nWAP2 | 2019-04-20T10:36:16Z | "http://forums.owndoc.com/profile/?u=2;area=showposts;start=1710" | forums.owndoc.com | 3 | 6 | 0 |
L-Theanine – Integrative Energetics™\nIntegrative Energetics™Dr Nick Soloway – 495-1729\nHome\nHealth Posts\nHealth Articles\nEFT & PTSD\nSelf Care Videos\nAbout\nContact for Appointment\nHome\nHealth Posts\nHealth Articles\nEFT & PTSD\nSelf Care Videos\nAbout\nContact for Appointment\nL-Theanine\non September 17, 2018\nUncategorized\nby Nick Soloway\nL-Theanine: the Next Supplement Superstar\nby Dr. Michael Murray, ND\nhttp://www.doctormurray.com\nIntroduction\nEveryday stress is a normal part of modern living. Job pressures; family responsibilities; financial pressures; traffic, and time management are just a few of the constant stressors most of us are faced with on a daily basis. Sometimes the stress of modern life can be overwhelming as a result as a result nearly 20% of adults in the U.S. use a drug like Xanax, Valium, Restoril, Lunesta, or Ambien to help them calm down or get to sleep.\nThe problem is that all of these drugs are associated with significant risks including the fact that they are highly addictive and are very poor candidates for long-term use. Common side effects include dizziness, drowsiness, and impaired coordination, it is important not to drive or engage in any potentially dangerous activities while on these drugs. Alcohol should never be consumed with these drugs as it could be fatal. Prescriptions for these sorts of drugs are at an all time high and actually increased by 35% last year.\nL-theanine: A gentle, natural alternative\nL-theanine, a unique amino acid found almost exclusively in tea plants (Camellia sinensis), is emerging as the premier natural product to relieve stress and anxiety. Although L-theanine is the primary amino acid component of green tea comprising between 1 to 2% of the dry weight of tea leaves, it has been available in the U.S. in a purified form for several years now. This purified form is known as Suntheanine.\nThe effects of L-theanine are truly amazing. Clinical studies have demonstrated that L-theanine reduces stress, improves the quality of sleep, diminishes the symptoms of the premenstrual syndrome, heightens mental acuity and reduces negative side effects of caffeine. These clinical effects are directly related to L-theanine’s ability to stimulate the production of alpha brain waves (a state often achieved by meditation and characterized by being relaxed with greater mental focus and mental alertness) as well as reduce beta-waves (associated with nervousness, scattered thoughts, and hyperactivity).\nL-theanine has been approved for use in Japan as an aid to conquer stress and promote relaxation. It is a very is a popular ingredient in function foods and beverages as well as dietary supplements designed to produce mental and physical relaxation, without inducing drowsiness. L-theanine is fast-acting. Generally, the effects are felt within the first 30 minutes, and have been shown to last up to 8 to 12 hours. Based on the results of clinical studies, it has been established that L-theanine is effective in the range of 50 – 200 mg. If a person has higher levels of stress it is often recommended that they take at least 100 to 200 mg one to three times daily. Although L-theanine is completely safe and without any known adverse drug interaction, as a general guideline it is recommended to take no more than 600 mg within a 6 hour period and no more than 1,200 mg within a 24 hour period.\nAt typical dosages, e.g., 100-200 mg L-theanine does not act as a sedative, but it does significantly improve sleep quality. It is also an excellent synergist to melatonin and 5-HTP (5-hydroxytryptophan) in promoting sleep. On its own, L-theanine at a dosage of 200 mg was shown in a double-blind trial to produce statistically significant improvements in sleep efficiency, an index of actual sleep time enjoyed between the time of falling asleep and nighttime awakenings.\nWhy L-theanine poised to be the next supplement superstar\nThere are several reasons why L-theanine is going to emerge as a major natural product. The first is that it definitely fills a need as a safe alternative to prescription drugs that are highly addictive and have a long list of side effects. The scientific merit of the product has been sufficiently established in helping to relieve mild anxiety and improve sleep quality. Next, it is a product that is truly experiential. In other words, it is a product that you can feel.\nInterestingly, however, is that in the studies looking at L-theanine’s ability to produce an increase in alpha-waves, the relaxing effect was really only noticeable in people who were experiencing a bit of nervousness. People who were already feeling relaxed and alert did not experience any change when they took L-theanine. So, the people who are really go to feel the full effects of L-theanine are those that truly need it.\nAnother reason why I am predicting here that L-theanine is going to be a major natural product in the marketplace is that I am anticipating the results from clinical studies in progress are going to produce extremely positive results. For example, Michael Lyon, M.D., Director of the Canadian Center for Functional Medicine, in conjunction with the University of British Columbia is conducting a double-blind, placebo controlled study in boys diagnosed with attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity.\nIf the results of Dr. Lyon’s study are as impressive as case histories and preliminary studies, L-theanine should emerge as a safe, natural alternative to the drug Ritalin. If that happens, I think it is very safe to say that sales of L-theanine will sky rocket.\nFrom Jonathan Wright MD:\nAttacking back\nQ: The pain in my lower back is getting out of hand. I’m hesitant to go to my regular doctor about it, though. All they seem to do is prescribe pills that knock you out, or try to get you on the operating table. And I’ve never witnessed anyone who’s had back surgery come out feeling all that much better. Do you have any suggestions?\nJVW: There are many natural options you can try to relieve your pain before submitting to narcotics or surgery.\nFirst, you might want to try willow bark, the natural anti-inflammatory that actually served as the basis for aspirin. Many researchers have maintained that willow bark has even more to offer than our synthetic pharmaceuticals when it comes to relieving back pain.\nAnother possibility to explore is vitamin D deficiency. In fact, the Mayo Clinic did a study several years ago in an inner city clinic that discovered 93 percent of the 150 people with complaints of chronic, non-specific low back pain had vitamin D deficiency. And these weren’t just older folks…they ranged in age from 10 to 65 years old.\nAlso, just a few weeks ago, more news emerged regarding the benefits of acupuncture for treating low back pain. Acupuncture involves inserting very thin, flexible needles just under the skin along specific points on the body that relate to organs, areas of the body, or body systems. The needles work to correct the flow of energy (or chi) through the body, alleviating any imbalances or blockages that might be causing pain.\nAs you may recall I have sent out two emails about the importance of Vitamin D and how quite a few people are deficient in it. You should be probably taking 1000-2000 IUs of Vitamin D daily. You can get Vitamin D almost anywhere.\n66total visits,1visits today\nOrder Anything\nYou can now order any products that are mentioned in these emails from Emerson Ecologics: To buy products, use the link below:\nhttp://tinyurl.com/wellevate-me-nick-soloway\nSearch\nRecent Posts\nMusculoskeletal & Joint Health\nTop 8 Recommended Essential Oils For Respiratory Health\nChange one word\nHow to Block Your Sugar Cravings With Chemistry\nCoffee Naps\nConstipation\nSleeping in\nGreen Tea – more\nFungus and the Immune System\nMushrooms\nBrain Cancer\n8-Hour Sleep Myth\nSAFFRON FLOATS\nContact Information\nIntegrative Energetics – Nick Soloway\n16 N Howie St\nHelena, MT 59601\n(406) 495-1729\nLicensed Massage Therapist\nDoctor of Chiropractic\nLicensed Acupuncturist\nPrivacy Policy\nTerms and Condition\nRemember….\nYou should get a treatment minimally, at least 4 times a year. Being in pain should not be the reason to seek treatment.\nBy the time you are in pain, your body is far down the road of dysfunction. Pain is generally the last thing to appear and the first to disappear with any problem.\nIf you have ever had a blister you know that by the time it hurts the damage is done. This is true for all aspects of the body. Pain appears last.\nPain disappears first……..When you get a cut…the pain lasts for a few days but you can see clearly that the area isn’t fully healed for many days or weeks after. With more severe injuries this is even more so the case. Some injuries may take up to a year and a half to heal to maximum capacity. During the healing time treatments and nutritional/herbal supplements can accelerate the process and neutralize any compensation for the injury.\nCopyright © 2018. Designed by myThem.es. | 2019-04-20T21:15:17Z | "https://integrative-energetics.com/l-theanine/" | integrative-energetics.com | 3 | 4 | 0 |
Music Interventions for Dementia and Depression in ELderly care (MIDDEL): protocol and statistical analysis plan for a multinational cluster-randomised trial.\nBioPortfolio\nBiotech, Healthcare and Medical Resources\nBioPortfolio\nMenu\nLoading\nTopics\nAll Topics Biotechnology Biotech Business Biotech Products Cancer Cardiovascular Dermatology Drug Discovery Endocrinology Gastroenterology Immunology Infectious Diseases Mental Health Neurology Obstetrics Orthopedics Public Health Respiratory Rheumatology Urology Track topics Track topics important to you\nWorld Biotech and Healthcare News\nPublished Research\nMarket Reports\nChannels\nClinical Trials\nDrugs\nCorporations\nAdvertisement\nTopics\nAll Topics Biotechnology Biotech Business Biotech Products Cancer Cardiovascular Dermatology Drug Discovery Endocrinology Gastroenterology Immunology Infectious Diseases Mental Health Neurology Obstetrics Orthopedics Public Health Respiratory Rheumatology Urology\nTrack topics on Twitter Track topics that are important to you\nPrinted From BioPortfolio.com\nMusic Interventions for Dementia and Depression in ELderly care (MIDDEL): protocol and statistical analysis plan for a multinational cluster-randomised trial.\n08:00 EDT 30th March 2019 | BioPortfolio\nHome » Topics » Mild Cognitive impairment » Research » Music Interventions for Dementia and Depression in ELderly care (MIDDEL): protocol and statistical analysis plan for a multinational cluster-randomised trial.\nSummary of \"Music Interventions for Dementia and Depression in ELderly care (MIDDEL): protocol and statistical analysis plan for a multinational cluster-randomised trial.\"\nIn older adults, dementia and depression are associated with individual distress and high societal costs. Music interventions such as group music therapy (GMT) and recreational choir singing (RCS) have shown promising effects, but their comparative effectiveness across clinical subgroups is unknown. This trial aims to determine effectiveness of GMT, RCS and their combination for care home residents and to examine heterogeneity of treatment effects across subgroups.\nAffiliation\nJournal Details\nThis article was published in the following journal.\nName: BMJ open\nISSN: 2044-6055\nPages: e023436\nLinks\nPubMed Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30928926\nDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023436\nPubMed Articles [19649 Associated PubMed Articles listed on BioPortfolio]\nTreatment Fidelity in a Music Therapy Multi-site Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial for People Living With Dementia: The MIDDEL Project Intervention Fidelity Protocol.\nHigh-quality clinical trials testing music therapy interventions have become more prevalent over the past decade. However, recent reviews of published music therapy trials reveal that reporting of str...\nA Comprehensive Update on Treatment of Dementia.\nTreatment of dementias represents an important but relatively neglected part of neurological care of the elderly population. Individual therapeutic interventions may make only small changes to the qua...\nThe proactive elderly care team: dementia screening of over 20 000 patients.\nThe proactive elderly care team was introduced at Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust in October 2012. This article describes how the team performed over 5 years (up to the end of Decem...\nMeta-analysis of psychosocial interventions for people with dementia and anxiety or depression.\nAssess the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for depression and anxiety in people with dementia (PWD) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI).\nThe use of Music Therapy in the treatment of Mental Illness and the enhancement of Societal Wellbeing.\nMusic Therapy can be broadly described as the use of Music in a therapeutic context in order to help improve mental health. Music Therapy does not simply imply the playing of music to patients, relaxi...\nClinical Trials [15381 Associated Clinical Trials listed on BioPortfolio]\nMusic Interventions for Dementia and Depression in Elderly Care\nThis study evaluates the effectiveness of two music-based approaches - group music therapy and recreational choir singing - for reducing depression symptoms in people living with dementia....\nMusic for Dementia-related Sleep Problems\nThe study aims to evaluate the effect of listening to music at bedtime on sleep in elderly persons with dementia and sleep problems.\nA Home-based Family Caregiver-delivered Music Intervention for People With Dementia: A Randomised Controlled Trial\nThis international study evaluates the impact of a home-based caregiver-delivered music intervention for people with dementia. Our project aims to address the need for improved informal de...\nTailored Music Therapy for Dementia\nThis study evaluates the effect and process of individualized music therapy for home-dwelling persons with mild to moderate dementia. The music therapy is administered individually and inc...\nMovement and Music Intervention for Individuals With Dementia\nThe goal of the study is to learn about how possible benefits of movement and music for individuals with dementia. Individuals with dementia will participate in either a dance class or lis...\nMedical and Biotech [MESH] Definitions\nPerioperative Care\nInterventions to provide care prior to, during, and immediately after surgery.\nMusic Therapy\nThe use of music as an adjunctive therapy in the treatment of neurological, mental, or behavioral disorders.\nPatient Care Bundles\nSmall sets of evidence-based interventions for a defined patient population and care setting.\nPreconception Care\nAn organized and comprehensive program of health care that identifies and reduces a woman's reproductive risks before conception through risk assessment, health promotion, and interventions. Preconception care programs may be designed to include the male partner in providing counseling and educational information in preparation for fatherhood, such as genetic counseling and testing, financial and family planning, etc. This concept is different from PRENATAL CARE, which occurs during pregnancy.\nDecompression\nDecompression external to the body, most often the slow lessening of external pressure on the whole body (especially in caisson workers, deep sea divers, and persons who ascend to great heights) to prevent DECOMPRESSION SICKNESS. It includes also sudden accidental decompression, but not surgical (local) decompression or decompression applied through body openings.\nAdvertisement\nQuick Links\nAdvanced Search | Login | Subscribe | RSS\nQuick Search\nAdvertisement\nAdvertisement\nRelevant Topic\nAlzheimer's Disease\nOf all the types of Dementia, Alzheimer's disease is the most common, affecting around 465,000 people in the UK. Neurons in the brain die, becuase 'plaques' and 'tangles' (mis-folded proteins) form in the brain. People with Al...\nPubMed Database Quicklinks\nSearch PubMed Journal Article Database\nLatest PubMed Articles\nPubMed Journal List\nPopular PubMed Articles\nRecent Journal Article Searches\nSearches Linking to this Article\nBioPortfolio Limited\nAbout Us\nContact Us\nSocial Media\nTwitter (200+ Accounts)\nTwitter\nGoogle+\nLinkedIn\nPublish Content\nPublish\nPublish Your Press Release\nAdvertise\nAgreements\nAgreements\nMedical Disclaimer\nPrivacy\nTools\nMyBioPortfolio\nRSS\nHelp\nFAQs\nSitemaps\nXML Sitemap\nThis site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information:\nVerify here.\nThe information provided by BioPortfolio.com is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. The BioPortfolio site is sponsored BioPortfolio Limited with offices at Stafford House, 10 Prince of Wales Road, Dorchester, DT1 1PW, England. If you are a legal copyright holder or a designated agent for such and you believe a post on this website falls outside the boundaries of “Fair Use” and legitimately infringes on your or your client's copyright we may be contacted concerning copyright matters here: Contact BioPortfolio.\nAll rights reserved. All other trademarks recognized. Copyright © 1997-2019 BioPortfolio Limited. Site developed by Alacrify Ltd. | 2019-04-22T15:59:56Z | "https://www.bioportfolio.com/resources/pmarticle/2331540/Music-Interventions-for-Dementia-and-Depression-in-ELderly-care-MIDDEL-protocol-and.html" | www.bioportfolio.com | 1 | 6 | 1 |
TONYX Achilles Tendon Heel Protector Padded Compression Sleeve, Ankle Support Sock for Bursitis, Tendonitis, Tenderness/XL | Medical Supplies & Equipment\nFriday , April 26th 2019\nBest Leg & Foot Supports\nMedical Supplies & Equipment\nAnkle Supports\nMedical Support Hose\nKnee Braces\nFoot Supports\nAnkle Braces\nORTONYX Achilles Tendon Heel Protector Padded Compression Sleeve, Ankle Support Sock for Bursitis, Tendonitis, Tenderness/XL\nAvailability: In Stock\nProduct Features:\nAchilles Tendon Support Brace is designed to stabilize and support the Achilles tendon, relieve pain, and reduce swelling. The brace can be used after surgery, for acute and chronic Achilles tendon conditions, to relieve pain and inflammation associated with tendonitis, Haglund's deformity, heel bursitis, and for other conditions causing…\nPrice as on: 2019-02-11 15:45:48\n23.6\t19.99\nProduct Description\nAchilles Tendon Support Brace is designed to stabilize and support the Achilles tendon, relieve pain, and reduce swelling. The brace can be used after surgery, for acute and chronic Achilles tendon conditions, to relieve pain and inflammation associated with tendonitis, Haglund’s deformity, heel bursitis, and for other conditions causing pain, discomfort, and weakness in the back of the foot.\nThe brace is made of durable, lightweight, breathable, moisture-wicking elastic fabric for increased comfort, thermoregulation, and moisture control.\nThe flexible knit fabric anatomically conforms to the body, providing additional support and stability. The construction of the fabric helps to distribute forces and pressure evenly, thus preventing fluid build up and relieving pain and discomfort.\nGentle compression exerted by the fabric improves blood circulation, and reduces inflammation for faster recovery without restricting movement or slipping down.\nContoured cushioning inserts along the Achilles tendon and under the heel reduce pressure on the tendon and make wearing the brace even more comfortable throughout the day.\nDue to its innovative features, the Achilles Tendon Support Brace offers instant pain relief and comfort and allows to continue being active while treating the injury.\nMeasure ankle circumference to determine size:\nS: 7.5″-8.3″\nM: 8.3″-9.1″\nL: 9.1″-9.8″\nXL: 9.8″-10.6″\nProduct Features\nANKLE SUPPORT FOR A VARIETY OF CONDITIONS: Achilles tendonitis, recovery after injury or surgery, Haglund’s deformity, heel bursitis, other conditions causing pain, swelling and inflammation of the Achilles tendon and back of the heel.\nCOMFORT AND FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT: Durable, lightweight, breathable, flexible, moisture-wicking knit fabric that keeps the foot cool, dry and comfortable during physical activity, and doesn’t restrict movement.\nTARGETED RELIEF: Soft contoured cushioning pads along the Achilles tendon and under the foot.\nINNOVATIVE FEATURES FOR MAXIMIZED EFFECT: The construction of the fabric evenly distributes pressure and impact, offers gentle compression, providing additional support and a massage effect that prevents fluid build up, thus relieving inflammation, swelling and pain. Contoured inserts reduce the pressure on the tendon.\nINSTANT RELIEF AND COMFORT: The Achilles Tendon Support Brace offers instant pain relief and comfort, supporting the foot in a comfortable yet stable position, and allowing to continue being active while treating the injury.\nShare on Facebook Share\nShare on Pinterest Pin it\nShare on TwitterTweet\nSend To Devices Send\nRelated Products\nBeister 2 Pack Ankle Brace Compression Support Sleeve\nBeister Ankle Support Brace Accompany You. Say No to Pain and Do yourself. Are you tired of dealing with…\nPrice : 11.99\nView Details\nAircast AirSport Ankle Support Brace, Right Foot,\nProvides moderate support and compression utilizing air cell technology, and incorporates a semi-rigid encased shell which delivers stability and…\nPrice : 27.68\nView Details\nZamst A2-DX Strong Support Ankle Brace, White, Large\nStep into protection and stability with the Zest A2-DX Ankle Brace. Engineered to provide the ultimate in athletic support…\nPrice : 64.99\nView Details\nPopular Products\nLiomor Ankle Support Breathable Ankle Brace for\nNov 8 2018 569 Views\nBlitzu Flex Plus Compression Knee Brace for Joint\nNov 8 2018 521 Views\nMade in the USA – Opaque Compression Socks,\nNov 8 2018 391 Views\nNuvein Compression Socks for Women and Men, Medical\nNov 8 2018 366 Views\nThis website is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon.com All logos and product images are copyrighted to the original manufacturer.\nCopyright © 2019 - All Rights Reserved\nContact Us | Sitemap | Terms of Use | Privacy Policy\nWe use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it.OkPrivacy policy | 2019-04-26T08:54:15Z | "https://exusmed.com/ortonyx-achilles-tendon-heel-protector-padded-compression-sleeve-ankle-support-sock-for-bursitis-tendonitis-tenderness-xl/" | exusmed.com | 1 | 3 | 0 |
How to kill tick heads.not removed\nSkip to content\nHow To Kill Tick Heads.not Removed\nMenu and widgets\nHome\nMap\nContacts\nNew South Wales\nQueensland\nSouth Australia\nTasmania\nVictoria\nWestern Australia\nAustralian Capital Territory\nNorthern Territory\nOntario\nQuebec\nBritish Columbia\nAlberta\nManitoba\nSaskatchewan\nNova Scotia\nNew Brunswick\nNewfoundland and Labrador\nPrince Edward Island\nNorthwest Territories\nYukon\nNunavut\nEngland\nNorthern Ireland\nScotland\nWales\nHow To Get An Rsa In Sydney\nHow To Get My Phone To Connect To Itunes\nHow To Fix Legacy False\nHow To Go To Dos Prompt\nHow To Get To C Dos Windows 7\nHow To Grow Trinidad Scorpion\nHow To Join Interpol Police\nHow To Turn Off Find My Iphone Without Icloud Password\nHow To Get Flags To Stick To Walls\nHow To Get Smsf Auditor Cpd\nHow To Go To Sydney Opera House\nHow To Listen To Voice Meeasge T42s\nHow To Get A Year And Month From\nHow To Get A Man To Respoect You\nHow To Get Porn Out Of Your Mind\nHow To Finish Concrete Driveway\nSearch for:\nHow To Kill Tick Heads.not Removed\nTick removal MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia\n18/11/2017�� Visit a doctor if you cannot remove the tick. If you are struggling to remove the tick, see a doctor immediately to do it for you. For two weeks after tick removal, visit the doctor if you have any signs of illness, such as rash, fever, joint pain, or swelling of the bite.... If ticks are not removed from your dog immediately or within a few hours, they can engorge themselves into your dog�s skin. Engorged tick removal can be a little more difficult, compared to the removal of those ticks that have not engorged themselves.\nTick broke off during removal � Digital Spy\nDO NOT try to burn the tick with a match or other hot object. DO NOT twist the tick when pulling it out. DO NOT try to kill, smother, or lubricate the tick with oil, alcohol, Vaseline, or similar material while the tick is still embedded in the skin....\n18/11/2017�� Visit a doctor if you cannot remove the tick. If you are struggling to remove the tick, see a doctor immediately to do it for you. For two weeks after tick removal, visit the doctor if you have any signs of illness, such as rash, fever, joint pain, or swelling of the bite.\nHow to Remove a Tick From a Dog in 4 Easy Steps\nDO NOT try to burn the tick with a match or other hot object. DO NOT twist the tick when pulling it out. DO NOT try to kill, smother, or lubricate the tick with oil, alcohol, Vaseline, or similar material while the tick is still embedded in the skin. village cinemas how to get digital rewards card Ticks: they can be downright scary whether you find one on yourself, your child�s body or even on your pet. Often, people remove a tick incorrectly as a result �. How to get more kills on fortnite\nHow To Kill Tick Heads.not Removed\nTick broke off during removal � Digital Spy\nHow to Inspect & Remove a Tick from a Cat petMD\nEmbedded Tick Removal healthhearty.com\nTick removal MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia\nHow to Remove a Tick With a Stuck Head Healthy Living\nHow To Kill Tick Heads.not Removed\n30/11/2018�� Squashing a tick will kill it but will also expose the blood contained by the tick. The blood may contain diseases that can be spread by contact. Any surface that comes in contact with the blood may also be contaminated. If a tick is accidentally ruptured during removal from a host, the blood should be immediately wiped up and the area washed with soap and water.\nWhen a tick is found, it should be removed immediately. The longer it is allowed to stay and draw blood, the higher the person's chances are of contracting a tick-borne illness. It is important to remove the tick correctly so that it doesn't have a chance to regurgitate its saliva.\nIf ticks are not removed from your dog immediately or within a few hours, they can engorge themselves into your dog�s skin. Engorged tick removal can be a little more difficult, compared to the removal of those ticks that have not engorged themselves.\n18/11/2017�� Visit a doctor if you cannot remove the tick. If you are struggling to remove the tick, see a doctor immediately to do it for you. For two weeks after tick removal, visit the doctor if you have any signs of illness, such as rash, fever, joint pain, or swelling of the bite.\nA vet told me not to panic if I didn't manage to get the head out and just removed the body. The body - the digestive system - is where the diseases come from when the tick regurgitates into the animal.\nYou can find us here:\nAustralian Capital Territory: Spence ACT, Hawker ACT, Burwood ACT, Boondall ACT, Campbell ACT, ACT Australia 2691\nNew South Wales: Fountaindale NSW, Fern Bay NSW, Burcher NSW, Mount Tomah NSW, Neeworra NSW, NSW Australia 2036\nNorthern Territory: Yeronga NT, Tivendale NT, Petermann NT, Tipperary NT, Canberra NT, Palmerston City NT, NT Australia 0833\nQueensland: Arundel QLD, Clinton QLD, Mount Cuthbert QLD, Springfield Central QLD, QLD Australia 4094\nSouth Australia: Gulfview Heights SA, Bookpurnong SA, Rocky Plain SA, Cummins SA, Southend SA, Inneston SA, SA Australia 5076\nTasmania: Low Head TAS, New Norfolk TAS, Carlton TAS, TAS Australia 7058\nVictoria: Eddington VIC, Horsham VIC, Hepburn VIC, Wareek VIC, Stirling VIC, VIC Australia 3003\nWestern Australia: Myaree WA, Bakers Hill WA, Loongana WA, WA Australia 6035\nBritish Columbia: Pemberton BC, McBride BC, Port Alice BC, Courtenay BC, Alert Bay BC, BC Canada, V8W 6W4\nYukon: West Dawson YT, Glenboyle YT, McCabe Creek YT, Stony Creek Camp YT, Bear Creek YT, YT Canada, Y1A 4C8\nAlberta: Hines Creek AB, Didsbury AB, Hinton AB, Viking AB, Blackfalds AB, Arrowwood AB, AB Canada, T5K 9J7\nNorthwest Territories: Reliance NT, Fort McPherson NT, Sambaa K'e NT, Sachs Harbour NT, NT Canada, X1A 7L3\nSaskatchewan: Wakaw SK, Endeavour SK, Rose Valley SK, Tramping Lake SK, Richard SK, Arran SK, SK Canada, S4P 2C1\nManitoba: Glenboro MB, Erickson MB, Pilot Mound MB, MB Canada, R3B 1P4\nQuebec: Val-David QC, Thetford Mines QC, Desbiens QC, Cap-Chat QC, Cowansville QC, QC Canada, H2Y 4W1\nNew Brunswick: Hillsborough NB, Riviere-Verte NB, Tide Head NB, NB Canada, E3B 5H2\nNova Scotia: Parrsboro NS, Dominion NS, Berwick NS, NS Canada, B3J 9S9\nPrince Edward Island: Kingston PE, Murray Harbour PE, Afton PE, PE Canada, C1A 9N3\nNewfoundland and Labrador: Grand Falls-Windsor NL, Upper Island Cove NL, Ferryland NL, North River NL, NL Canada, A1B 3J5\nOntario: Glencoe ON, Ennotville ON, Goulbourn ON, Deer Lake, Malahide ON, Tay Valley ON, Forest ON, ON Canada, M7A 9L7\nNunavut: Nanisivik NU, Fort Ross NU, NU Canada, X0A 5H3\nEngland: Salford ENG, Sittingbourne ENG, Hartlepool ENG, Worcester ENG, Peterborough ENG, ENG United Kingdom W1U 9A2\nNorthern Ireland: Bangor NIR, Bangor NIR, Newtownabbey NIR, Bangor NIR, Belfast NIR, NIR United Kingdom BT2 9H7\nScotland: Dundee SCO, Dunfermline SCO, Edinburgh SCO, East Kilbride SCO, Aberdeen SCO, SCO United Kingdom EH10 4B4\nWales: Barry WAL, Wrexham WAL, Newport WAL, Cardiff WAL, Cardiff WAL, WAL United Kingdom CF24 6D9 | 2019-04-25T14:04:46Z | "http://devilleusa.com/victoria/how-to-kill-tick-headsnot-removed.php" | devilleusa.com | 0 | 2 | 1 |
flu Archives - Feet First Podiatry, LLC\nFeet First Podiatry, LLC\nSearch\nPrimary Menu\nSkip to content\nHome\nMeet Our Doctors\nAbout Our Practice\nAreas of Expertise\nHours and Location\nNew Patient Forms\nSearch for:\nTag Archives: flu\nCold and Flu Season is Upon Us…\nJanuary 7, 2015 dadamovsky\nCold and Flu: Need to Know Facts and Myths\nCold and flu season is upon us, a time of year that sends many Americans scrambling to refresh their stockpiles of tissues, hand sanitizer and chicken soup. In all, it’s estimated that Americans suffer from 1 billion colds a year, about 2-4 each year for adults and 6-12 annually for children ages 6-12.\nInfluenza, meanwhile, impacts about 5 percent to 20 percent of the population every year.1 Both colds and flu are caused by viruses and they can cause many of the same symptoms …\nSo how do you know if you have a cold or the flu?\nYour doctor can perform a test to let you know, if necessary, but generally speaking a cold will be milder than the flu and is more likely to cause a runny or stuffy nose. Flu, on the other hand, is more likely to lead to fever, body aches, extreme fatigue and cough. Typically only the flu can lead to serious health complications like pneumonia or bacterial infections — colds will generally be less severe.\nAs common as these illnesses are — virtually everyone has had a cold or the flu at some point in their life — there’s still a lot of misinformation out there. Here we’ve compiled a list of some common myths and facts about colds and flus to help clear up the confusion and offer you some tips for getting, and staying, well this season.\n7 Common Cold and Flu Myths\nMyth #1: Feed a Fever, Starve a Cold, or Vice Versa\nSome say you should feed a fever, starve a cold. Others believe it’s the cold you feed and the fever you starve. Either way, you don’t ever want to “starve” yourself when you’re sick, as your body needs nutrients to keep functioning.\nThat said, when you have a fever or cold you probably won’t feel like eating much anyway, and this may help your body direct its energy toward your immune system and fighting off the illness. During a cold, you need to eat healthy foods, like vegetable juice and broths, to help fight off the illness, but you shouldn’t force yourself to do so, and you should definitely avoid overeating.\nFor the most part, it’s ok to listen to your body when it comes to eating when you have a cold or the flu. If you’re hungry, choose a nutritious snack to give your body energy and always make sure you’re drinking plenty of fluids. If you’re not hungry, it’s ok to skip a meal or two, but make sure you don’t go too long without at least a light snack. And no matter what, drink plenty of fluids regularly.\nMyth #2: Antibiotics Help\nColds and the flu are caused by viruses … and viruses are not impacted by antibiotics. So taking one will not help you get over a cold or the flu faster. Instead, every time you take antibiotics more bacteria in your body may become resistant to the drugs.\nA new study found that patients of doctors who over-prescribe antibiotics may actually develop drug resistance that lasts up to a year, putting them at risk of antibiotic-resistant infections and also increase the chances they could spread drug-resistant bacteria in their community.2\nThe only time antibiotics should be used is in the case of a secondary bacterial infection. Otherwise, typical colds and flu usually go away on their own and should not be treated with antibiotics.\nMyth #3: The Flu Shot Guarantees You Won’t Get the Flu\nThe flu vaccine only protects against a select group of flu viruses, not all of them, so the effectiveness of the flu shot depends on how well the viruses chosen for the vaccine match up with the flu viruses circulating in your area. Your age and immune system function can also impact the flu shot’s effectiveness.\nAccording to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC):\n“Overall, in years when the vaccine and circulating viruses are well-matched, influenza vaccines can be expected to reduce laboratory-confirmed influenza by approximately 70% to 90% in healthy adults under 65 years of age…\nIn years when the vaccine strains are not well matched to circulating strains, vaccine effectiveness can be variably reduced.”3\nThey continue:\n“The vaccine may also be lower among persons with chronic medical conditions and among the elderly, as compared to healthy young adults and children. In addition, estimates of vaccine effectiveness vary, based on the specificity of the outcome that is being measured in the study.”4\nUnfortunately, the only way to know for sure how effective any year’s flu vaccine will be is to wait for the statistics to be revealed after the season is over.\nMyth #4: You Can Get the Flu from the Flu Shot\nFlu shots contain an inactivated (killed) virus, so you cannot get the flu from a flu shot. You may, however, experience symptoms such as fever, nausea and body aches.\nThe nasal spray form of the flu vaccine, on the other hand, contains a weakened live virus. Although it’s said this weakened virus will not cause the same severe symptoms that ordinary flu virus can, rare cases of transmitting flu viruses to others after receiving a nasal spray flu vaccine have been reported. Flu-like symptoms, including sore throat, cough, headache, muscle aches and fever may also occur.5\nMyth #5: If You Get the Flu Shot Too Early, It Won’t Last All Season\nThe flu shot is designed to be effective all season, so if you do choose to get one there’s no reason to wait. As the CDC notes:\n“Flu vaccination provides protection against the influenza strains contained in the vaccine that will last for the whole season. Vaccination can begin as soon as vaccine is available. Studies do not show a benefit of receiving more than one dose of vaccine during a flu season, even among elderly persons with weakened immune systems.”6\nMyth #6: You’re More Likely to Catch a Cold or Flu on an Airplane\nThere’s a general feeling that breathing the air on airplanes is akin to sucking up a Petri dish full of various germs. In reality, it’s not nearly that bad.\nUniversity of California, San Francisco researchers found that flying in a plane that uses recirculated air throughout the cabin led to no more colds than did flying in a plane with 100 percent fresh air ventilation.7 Further, Boeing reports that the High Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filters used to filter cabin air have a greater than 99 percent efficiency in removing bacteria and viruses from the air.8\nSo while you may be more likely to catch a cold or flu if you’re in close quarters with others who are sick (as you definitely are on a plane), the risk of getting sick on a plane ride is likely similar to any other situation where you’re around a lot of other people in a public place.\nMyth #7: Stomach Flu is the Same as the “Seasonal Flu”\nThe stomach flu, the kind that causes nausea, vomiting and diarrhea, is not the same as the flu you commonly catch in the winter. Stomach flu is typically caused by noroviruses and is sometimes referred to as viral gastroenteritis (inflammation of the stomach and intestines). Seasonal flu, on the other hand, is a respiratory illness caused by the influenza virus.\nAnd Now for the Facts …\n1. You Can’t Catch a Cold From Going Outside Without a Coat …\n… or with wet hair (not that we recommend doing either of these in the dead of winter). You catch a cold or the flu by being exposed to the virus, either from a person who coughs or sneezes or by touching an object with the virus on it.\nMost often, flu viruses are spread person to person from coughing and sneezing and breathing in the virus from the air, while cold viruses are often picked up when an infected person transfers germs onto an object (doorknob, pen, TV remote control, etc.) that you then handle. Once the germ is on your hands it can gain entrance to your body if you touch your eyes, nose or mouth.\nJust because you’re exposed to a virus does not mean you’ll get sick, however. Whether or not the virus can take hold in your body depends on your immune system’s ability to fight off the pathogen.\nMost often, flu viruses are spread person to person from coughing and sneezing and breathing in the virus from the air, while cold viruses are often picked up when an infected person transfers germs onto an object (doorknob, pen, TV remote control, etc.) that you then handle. Once the germ is on your hands it can gain entrance to your body if you touch your eyes, nose or mouth. Just because you’re exposed to a virus does not mean you’ll get sick, however. Whether or not the virus can take hold in your body depends on your immune system’s ability to fight off the pathogen.\n2. Colds and Flu Typically Go Away on Their Own\nIn most cases colds and flu are mild illnesses that require only rest and plenty of fluids for you to recover. Generally speaking, they do not require medical care or antiviral drugs, which are sometimes given for the flu.\nThere are a few exceptions, especially for the flu, however. Young children, those over 65, pregnant women and people with asthma or diabetes are at an increased risk of flu complications, and may want to see their health care provider if flu-like symptoms occur. If you’re suffering from a cold or flu and have difficulty breathing, dizziness, severe vomiting, or high fever, or if you are not able to drink enough fluids, you should seek medical help immediately.\nAlso seek medical care if your symptoms get worse instead of better, or last an unusually long time.\nFlu typically goes away in three to five days while colds generally last seven to 10.\n3. Chicken Soup IS Good for Colds and Flu\nDid your mom or grandma always make you chicken soup to help you recover from a cold? It turns out there is some truth behind this old wives’ tale. In fact, researchers from the University of Nebraska Medical Center found that chicken soup has anti-inflammatory properties that are soothing for colds and flu.\nIn their lab study, chicken soup inhibited the movement of neutrophils, white blood cells released by viral infections that stimulate the release of mucous. The researchers concluded:9\n“The present study, therefore, suggests that chicken soup may contain a number of substances with beneficial medicinal activity. A mild anti-inflammatory effect could be one mechanism by which the soup could result in the mitigation of symptomatic upper respiratory tract infections.”\nSo in this case it turns out mom and grandma knew best all along.\n4. Regular Exercise Can Keep Colds Away\nIt’s long been known that exercise is beneficial for immune system function, but now a new study revealed that people who exercise regularly may cut their risk of getting a cold nearly in half.10 Further, in the event you do get sick, your symptoms will likely be less severe if you’re normally an active person.\nSo keeping your fitness level up even in the cold of winter is every bit as important as eating right, sleeping well and keeping your stress levels in check for helping to ward off illness.\n5. Hand-Washing is One of the BEST Ways to Avoid Colds and Flu\nIt’s deceivingly simple, but washing your hands — vigorously for about 20 seconds — is one of the best ways to avoiding getting a cold or the flu.\nIn fact, the World Health Organization points out that washing your hands often makes you 24 percent less likely to catch a respiratory illness and up to 50 percent less likely to get a stomach bug.11\nAlong with washing your own hands, make sure your kids learn the importance of hand-washing, both at home and at school, too.\n6. Honey Can Soothe Your Cough\nIf you’re struggling with a bad cough, a spoonful of honey may be even better than a dose of cough medicine.\nResearchers found that children given a spoonful of buckwheat honey mixed into a non-caffeinated drink before bed coughed less and slept as well as or better than kids given a commercial cough medicine.12\nSo if you’re coughing, mixing a spoonful of honey into a cup of herbal tea may provide some soothing relief. But remember, infants under 1 year of age should not be given honey due to botulism risks.\nSources:\n1. CDC.gov Seasonal Influenza, Q&A\n2. BMJ. 2010 May 18;340:c2096.\n3&4. CDC.gov Seasonal Flu Vaccination\n5. CDC.gov 2010-2011 Seasonal Influenza (Flu) Vaccine Safety\n6. CDC.gov Seasonal Influenza (Flu) Q&A\n7. UCSF New Office July 22, 2002 “Recirculated airplane cabin air does not cause more colds”\n8. Boeing.com Commercial Airplanes, Cabin Air Quality\n9 Chest. 2000 Oct;118(4):1150-7.\n10. British Journal of Sports Medicine November 1, 2010\n11. USAToday.com January 21, 2009 “The science of hand washing to ward off cold, flu bugs”\n12. Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine December 2007;161(12):1140-1146.\n13. http://www.cncahealth.com/explore/learn/general-health/cold-and-flu-need-to-know-facts-and-myths\nactivecoldcold and flu seasoncoughingfluheadachehealthymedicineseasonsicksneezingwash your hands\nLOCATIONS\nST.CHARLES, MO\n2318 highway 94 South Outer Road\nSt. Charles, MO 63303\nWENTZVILLE, MO\n1021 Wentzville Pkwy\nWentzville, MO 63385\n(Scheduling now)\nGREENVILLE, IL\n200 Health Care Dr,\nGreenville, IL 62246\nPhone: 636-477-7300\nFax: 636-922-0884\nTOLL FREE: 888-557-8333\nRequest an Appointment\nSubmit this form today to request an appointment and one of our team members will be contacting you between business hours. 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attacks with proper yoga Archives - Yoga Moldova\nSkip to content\nYoga Moldova\nFitness App News\nMenu\nAbout Me\nContact\nHome » attacks with proper yoga\nTag: attacks with proper yoga\nJanuary 2, 2019\nPosing Asthma Away with Yoga – Top Positions for Quick Relief\nYoga postures have been known to help improve the mind and body and there’s great evidence that it can also help with asthma. If you understand how Yoga works and what happens during an Asthma attack, then you’ll understand the whole process.\nWhat i s Asthma?\nIt’s a chronic condition marked with acute exacerbations that can be quite uncomfortable for many people. Sometimes it can turn deadly if the obstruction stays for a longer period of time. Asthma is characterized by the following:\nSpasm of the airways\nExcessive production of mucus\nShortness of breath\nUse of accessory muscles to breath\nAnxiety\nWheezing\nCoughing\nAsthma attacks are triggered by a lot of things depending on the person. These are common triggers that you have to watch out for.\nDust\nPollen\nCold weather/air\nGetting wet with cold water\nSudden temperature changes\nOffensive smells\nChemical vapors\nThe list can go on. Treatment is symptomatic. Asthma can’t be cured, and doctors will help you manage the symptoms. One way to help alleviate and prevent future asthma attacks is through yoga\nDisclaimer: This article does not suggest that you quit any form of asthma therapy and medication abruptly. Yoga is an adjunct solution that will work well with the current treatment of the condition.\nHow to Use Yoga to Help with your Asthma\nYoga is a powerful practice of using posture and channeling inner energy in ways that will improve the body. It’s not just to strengthen the mind and body, it can also be used to help manage certain conditions such as Asthma. These are the many ways the practice can be used to manage any future attacks with proper yoga.\nYoga Reduces Stress\nStress is one of the triggers of Asthma. Any type of emotional stress, mental stress and more can trigger a spasm so easily. By practicing Yoga, you can clear your mind and make sure that are stronger than stress. By lowering and managing stress levels, you can cut attacks by almost half and even lower the length of time they occur.\nYoga Improves Breathing\nOne of the great benefits of Yoga is the slow but powerful breathing pattern. It can help with the following:\nStrengthen your diaphragm that will allow you to take in and expel more air\nHelp stretch and enlarge your airways, so any attack will last shorter or won’t affect you as much\nImprove tissue perfusion so your body won’t starve immediately when oxygen is reduced due to an attack\nA normal and practiced breathing pattern can help during an attack so you won’t drive yourself into a cycle of increasing stress\nKnow Your Yoga Instructor\nWhile we encourage you to incorporate Yoga into managing Asthma, it’s also important for you to learn more about yoga instructors and their qualifications. There are fake instructors the same way there are fake medicines. The wrong position and technique can do more harm than good. Thankfully, there are international, national and local communities that help certify Yoga. Learn and practice with only someone who is certified.\nUse technology to stay healthy. Read more articles like this in Yoga Moldova, your best source of fitness in the internet jungle.\nby Lindsay Wright\nYoga\nattacks with proper yoga\nbenefits of Yoga\nBuilt with Make. Your friendly WordPress page builder theme.\nRSS\nSkip to toolbar\nAbout WordPress\nWordPress.org\nDocumentation\nSupport Forums\nFeedback\nLog In\nSearch | 2019-04-18T20:31:24Z | "http://www.yoga-moldova.com/tag/attacks-with-proper-yoga/" | www.yoga-moldova.com | 0 | 2 | 0 |
Croup\nYou may be trying to access this site from a secured browser on the server. Please enable scripts and reload this page.\nTurn on more accessible mode\nTurn off more accessible mode\nSkip Ribbon Commands\nSkip to main content\nTurn off Animations\nTurn on Animations\nMain Menu\nPhysicians\nLocations\nKnowledge Center\nPediatric Specialties\nBehavioral Health\nAbout Us\nSame Day Pediatrics\nParent Talk\nCalendar\nBoys Town Hospital\nCareers\nContact Us\nSearch\nIt looks like your browser does not have JavaScript enabled. Please turn on JavaScript and try again.\nFind a Pediatrician or Call Us: (531) 355-6540\nBoys Town Pediatrics > Knowledge Center > Videos > Croup\nKnowledge CenterVideosCroupskip to menu ↓\nCroup\nShare\nTranscript\nVideoTranscript\nCroup\nKelli Shidler, M.D.\nBoys Town Pediatrics\nCroup is another virus that we see or it's caused by a virus. It causes inflammation of the upper airways. So the vocal cord area gets really swollen and it causes a crazy sound.\nUsually, when they breathe in it's really noisy. That's called strider. They can also get a horrible cough. It's the \"seal bark\" cough is the classic description of the cough.\nCroup tends to be the worst in the middle of the night or waking up from naps. Those are the two times when you tend to see croup having the worst symptoms. Usually during the day they're fine but night time rolls around and they're really sick again. So we usually treat based on those symptoms to help them get through the night.\nHow is croup treated?\nWe will prescribe a steroid for some babies with croup or do a different kind of breathing treatment, with epinephrine, in clinic to help treat the croup symptoms.\nIf you're home and your baby is a little older and they're not in too much distress you can use cold air. So you can either have the freezer door open, if it's a summer night, you can open the freezer and stand by the freezer. That cold air can help or if it's in the middle of winter, you can stand outside with a baby. Bundle them up and that really cold air can constrict those vocal cords down.\nThe other thing we use is a hot, steamy shower. Turn the shower on as hot as it goes, close the door in the bathroom and stand in there. That hot air can really help as well.\nCroup is a very common thing. It's usually nothing to worry about, but with that severe, those sounds that you hear and that respiratory distress, we would say call right away. Try those quick maneuvers at home of the cold air or the hot, steamy shower. If they're not giving you any relief, come in. \nPage Content\nCroup is a common respiratory condition causing a harsh, barking cough. Dr. Kelli Shidler, pediatrician with Boys Town Pediatrics, explains the characteristics of croup and offers tips to help relieve the symptoms of croup.\nKnowledge Center\nBaby Well Check Visits\nHealth Articles\nBaby\nToddler\nChild\nTeen\nPediatric Specialty Care\nBehavioral Health\nIllness & Injury\nFamily\nVideosCurrently selected\nBaby\nChild\nTeen\nPediatric Specialty Care\nBehavioral & Developmental\nEar, Nose & Throat\nHospital Care for Kids\nSpecial Events\nSee Us on T.V.\nNewborn Care Tips\nBoys Town Pediatrics\nPhysicians\nPhysicians List\nLocations\n72nd Street Clinic\nDowntown Clinic\nHarrison Street Clinic\nLakeside Clinic\nPacific Street Clinic\nPediatric Hospital Care\nSame Day Pediatrics\nKnowledge Center\nBaby Well Check Visits\nHealth Articles\nVideos\nNewborn Care Tips\nPediatric Specialties\nAllergy, Asthma and Pediatric Pulmonology\nChild and Adolescent Psychiatry\nEar, Nose and Throat\nPediatric Gastroenterology\nHearing and Balance Center\nOrthopaedics and Sports Medicine\nPediatric Neurology\nPediatric Ophthalmology\nPediatric Speech Therapy\nBehavioral Health\nBehavioral Health Clinic\nChemical Use Program\nAssessment Program\nThe Learning Academy\nKnowledge Center\nContact Us\nPhysicians\nLocations\nKnowledge Center\nPediatric Specialties\nBehavioral Health\nAbout Us\nSame Day Pediatrics\nboystownhospital.org\nbabyhearing.org\nclassroominterpreting.org\nboystown.org\nboystown.org/parenting\nboystownpress.org\nPrivacy Notice\nPatient Rights\n© Copyright 2014 Boys Town Pediatrics\nCall Us: (531) 355-6540\n | 2019-04-24T02:05:05Z | "https://www.boystownpediatrics.org/KnowledgeCenter/Videos/Pages/Croup.aspx" | www.boystownpediatrics.org | 1 | 2 | 1 |
Light Therapy Review | Red light therapy, light therapy products, light therapy reviews\nLight Therapy Review\nRed light therapy, light therapy products, light therapy reviews\n30 Most Charming Small Lakefront Towns in America 2017\n30 Most Underrated Spring Break Towns 2017\n30 Great Underrated Sunny Vacation Destinations 2017\n30 Most Relaxing Underrated Beach Towns on the West Coast 2017\nHow Light Therapy Works!\nWhat It Is…\nLight therapy is a natural form of therapy that can treat a wide array of conditions and disorders through the power of light. With patience, dedication, and a schedule that fits your lifestyle, light therapy can make you feel at the top of your game at all times!\nLight therapy can be used to treat mental disorders such as seasonal affective disorder, depression, insomnia, bipolar disorder, jet lag, and more. It is also used to treat physical conditions such as acne, skin rejuvenation, scar healing, chronic pain, joint and muscle pain, wound healing, and so much more. In this article, we are going to discuss how light therapy treats mental disorders. Light can cure your depression?! What?!\nHow It Works…\nThe main concept of light therapy is using a form of artificial light, such as a light box or lamp, which mimics natural outdoor light. The use of artificial light affects the brains chemicals, such as serotonin, which are linked to mood and sleep. Light therapy also targets the same brain structures that anti-depressants are meant to target. This opens up a whole new world for this all natural, drug-free, harm-free, cost-effective therapy!\nLight therapy and our biological clock go hand in hand. Our body’s biological clock keeps our body rhythms and sleep-wake cycles in sync with the earth’s light-day cycles. Our biological clock, often referred to as our circadian rhythm, is located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in the hypothalamus, the brain’s hormone control center. It’s controlled by four neurotransmitters – dopamine, norepinephrine, glutamate, and GABA. These neurotransmitters are chemicals that enable function within our brain.\nWhen our eyes are exposed to light, this part of our brain is activated and production of melatonin, a sleep hormone, is reduced. Reducing the production of melatonin in our brains allows a stable increase of seratonin, the hormone that keeps us awake and gives us energy. Exposing our eyes to light also releases a wide array of hormones for other mental functions and affects our body’s temperature.\n“Human beings evolved under the day-night cycle. It is the natural time-keeper that sets our biological clocks within our brains and organs throughout the body.”\n-Richard Schwartz, MD, associate clinical professor of psychiatry,Harvard Medical School\nWe are more linked with the earth than most people would like to believe. Our brains are extremely susceptible to light, the weather, and the natural cycles of the earth. Strangely, we are programmed to cycle naturally every 24.2 hours. However, because we are so linked to the earth’s rhythms and our exposure to light on a daily basis, our cycle changes. We are closely linked to the earth and that’s important to understand first and foremost when it comes to light therapy.\nSeasonal Affective Disorder (SAD):\nLight therapy is used to treat Seasonal Affective Disorder, or SAD, most commonly in the fall and winter months. When the sun begins to set way too early and/or there is very little sunlight throughout the day at all, it is very easy for SAD to creep in and take over your life. Being exposed to bright light for a set amount of time each day can help treat or reduce the symptoms of SAD.\nDepression:\nJust like Seasonal Affective Disorder, choosing a strict daily light therapy schedule is the best way to see results when it comes to treating or reducing the symptoms of depression. The main goal of light therapy in regards to depression treatment is to reduce the production of melatonin while increasing the production of seratonin. More seratonin = happy mind!\nInsomnia:\nThe more bright light that is received during the day, especially earlier on in the day, the more likely we are to produce an adequate amount of melatonin at night. More bright light also reduces the brain’s sensitivity to small light exposure in the night time.\nBipolar Disorder:\nLight therapy is not a 100% proven treatment for Bipolar Disorder, but it is on the radar and being used by many patients. Since one of the main symptoms of Bipolar Disorder is depression, light therapy is an extremely viable treatment plan. Plus it can reduce patient’s medicinal intake which is great due to the fact that bipolar medications often have awful side effects.\nBest Brands for Mental Health Light Therapy…\nNorthern Light Technology\nNature Bright\nPhilips\nVerilux\nPosted on February 18, 2017\tIn Depression, Insomnia, Jetlag, Light Therapy, Mental Health, Seasonal Affective Disorder\nDon’t Believe The Myths About Light Therapy!\nLight therapy is a form of all natural therapy that is changing lives around the world. During the basic and most common form of light therapy, patients sit near a special lamp that emits bright light for a set amount of time on a daily schedule. This artificial lighting is meant to mimic natural outdoor light with the goal of affecting the body’s internal clock. Our internal clocks, or circadian rhythms, regulate the way our brains react to energy during the daytime, sleep during the nighttime, and when our bodies become hungry. Melatonin, a sleep hormone, is naturally released in our brains at night when our internal clock is off. Serotonin, our mood altering hormone that provides us with energy, is supposed to be consistently being released throughout the day, while our internal clock is on and active. However, due to factors such as work schedules, seasonal changes, mental disorders, sleeping problems, and more, it is very easy for our circadian rhythms to be thrown off. This is where light therapy saves us!\nSince our circadian rhythms are greatly influenced by natural every day environmental factors such as the sunrise and sunset, light therapy is a wonderful way to make sure our bodies are releasing melatonin and serotonin at the correct times. Doing so can treat mental disorders such as depression and seasonal affective disorder, increase energy and happiness levels, improve skin conditions, and so much more!\nAs with any medical practice, there is a long list of myths that follow light therapy around. We’re here to share some myths with you and provide you with the facts. Let’s get down to it.\nMyth #1: All Light Therapy Is The Same\nWhile we’ve been noting light therapy for mental conditions in this article, there are many different forms of light therapy. Aside from standard bright light treatments, there are also red, blue, and green light therapy devices. These devices can treat skin conditions such as psoriasis and acne. They are also wildly successful at rejuvenating the skin, reducing wrinkles and fine lines, and making you feel like your sixteen year old self again! Red light is also used for muscle and joint pain, wound healing, chronic pain, and more. Don’t stop at bright light, all of the colors are wonderful!\nMyth #2: Light Therapy Is Only Used For Depression\nIt’s true, light therapy is most commonly used to treat Seasonal Affective Disorder and other forms of depression. However, light therapy has endless potential for our mental and emotional well being. It can also treat sleep disorders, dementia, bipolar disorder, jet lag, and more. Assuming that light therapy is only good for one thing is just silly!\nMyth #3: So I Just Stare Into A Light Bulb For Hours?\nWrong! It’s easy to assume that light therapy treatments consist of sitting in front of light bulbs and waiting for the magic to happen. But in actuality, treatment sessions typically don’t last longer than 30 minutes a day. The sessions are easy to fit into your daily routine and most devices allow you to do other activities to pass the time or multitask. Try reading a book, knitting, or eating a meal while sitting in front of your light therapy device!\nAlso, you wouldn’t stare into the light – so take note of that. A light therapy device usually emits light that is 100 times brighter than most indoor lighting, since the treatments are intense and succinct, so you definitely don’t want to be staring into that bulb!\nMyth #4: There Are No Side Effects!\nIt’s always important to talk with a doctor before starting any new medical treatment. Just because light is natural and we can’t necessarily feel treatment sessions when they’re occurring doesn’t mean that they are 100% harmless. Light therapy can have a negative effect on those with sensitive skin and eyes. It can also cause eye straining, headaches, nausea, or irritability. Most of these side effects are mild and short term, however it is still important to monitor the usage of your light therapy device and consider any personal conditions –such as bipolar disorder or a severe skin condition — before beginning treatment – for example\nIt’s easy to make assumptions about things that are not normal or common. Light therapy is a world changing treatment that deserves all of the praise and credit you can give it! Make no assumptions about light therapy, don’t believe the myths, and know your facts. If you follow these words, you will end up thanking us! We promise.\nPosted on February 17, 2017\tIn Acne, Blue Light Therapy, Chronic Pain, Color Light Therapy, Depression, Infrared Red Light Therapy, Insomnia, Jetlag, Light Therapy, Mental Health, Pain, Red Light Therapy, Seasonal Affective Disorder\nUnderstanding and Appreciating Vitamin D\nWith winter quickly approaching, we are always starting to feel not only the physical affects of a new season, but also the mental changes we all undergo. The sun is beginning to set far too early and our internal mental clocks are all out of whack. With this change happening, it’s more important than ever to make sure your body is receiving it’s proper amount of vitamin D.\nThis can be rather difficult in the winter, especially if you work a full time job, but it’s not something you can ignore. We know why vitamin D is so important but do you? Let’s get down to it.\nIt All Starts with Sunlight…\nSunlight, sunshine, the sun, daylight, sun rays, whatever you choose to call it, chances are you know what all of these terms mean, but do you understand the power of the sun? The sun is not only crucial to keep the earth alive and well, but also us! We need the sun to stay healthy!\nSunlight is a portion of the electromagnetic radiation that is given off by the all mighty and powerful sun. Using more specific terms, the sun gives off infrared, visible, and ultraviolet light. For us folks down on Earth, sunlight is filtered through the atmosphere surrounding the Earth, thus providing us with daylight. This means the sun is present above the horizon. When the sun’s rays are not being by blocked by clouds, which creates diffused light, they shine right on down to us. This creates sunshine, which is an unbeatable combination of radiant heat and bright light.\nToo much sun isn’t always a good thing. It’s important to always wear sunscreen, protect your skin from overexposure, and always drink enough water. The sun is more than powerful and can easily control our bodies.\nIf you’re like us, you cross your fingers, pray to the weather gods, and hope with everything inside of you that every single day of the year will be sunny. This is because sunlight is known to have positive effects on the brain, can drastically improve your skin, can ease health problems, and most definitely raises energy levels. If we are smart about how we manage our time with the sun and how it fits into our lives, we can be exposed to a world of health benefits. For example, Vitamin D, which is crucial for our bodies to remain healthy, is activated within us when we are exposed to sun.\nUnderstanding Vitamin D…\nVitamins are chemicals that our bodies require in order for them to remain healthy. They help us fight illnesses, keep us strong, help us heal, and keep our insides working well together. Vitamin D, which is most commonly known for helping promote strong and healthy bones, can be created by the sunlight or taken in pill form. It is pretty remarkable that sunlight, when exposed to the skin, can help our bodies create Vitamin D. This is the only vitamin that can make itself. We must get our other vitamins through our foods. Vitamin D doesn’t rely on our diet. It relies on our exposure to sunlight.\nWhy Is It So Important?\nOur bodies need and crave Vitamin D in order to keep our bones strong and healthy. The Vitamin D Council, a website dedicated to all things Vitamin D related, took to their blog to explain why Vitamin D is so important:\n“Vitamin D is very important for strong bones. Calcium and phosphorus are essential for developing the structure and strength of your bones, and you need vitamin D to absorb these minerals. Even if you eat foods that contain a lot of calcium and phosphorus, without enough vitamin D, you can’t absorb them into your body. Vitamin D is important for general good health, and researchers now are discovering that vitamin D may be important for many other reasons outside of good bone health. Some of the functions of the body that vitamin D helps with include:\nImmune system, which helps you to fight infection\nMuscle function\nCardiovascular function, for a healthy heart and circulation\nRespiratory system –for healthy lungs and airways\nBrain development\nAnti-cancer effects\nDoctors are still working to fully understand how vitamin D works within your body and how it affects your overall health.\nIf your body doesn’t get enough vitamin D to keep it healthy, this is called vitamin D deficiency. Severe vitamin D deficiency can sometimes cause a condition called rickets in children and a condition called osteomalacia in adults. Both of these conditions cause soft, thin, and brittle bones.\nA lack of vitamin D has also been linked to some other conditions such as cancer, asthma, type-II diabetes, high blood pressure, depression, Alzheimer’s and autoimmune diseases like multiple sclerosis, Crohn’s and type-I diabetes.” (VitaminDCouncil.org)\nCould You Be Vitamin D Deficient?\nVitamin D deficiency is far more common than most people would ever think. How can something that is activated by a natural part of our world not being taken advantage of? There are many factors that can come into play when it comes to Vitamin D deficiency. For example, some parts of the world remain dark for extended amounts of time for specific seasons. Some states, such as Seattle, are gloomy and rainy for a high percentage of the year. Some people are afraid of too much sun, and some, just simply don’t make or don’t have the time for sun exposure. There are a whole slew of reasons why people could be lacking Vitamin D and the statistics that prove just how many people are struggling will blow your mind.\nHealing Therapies, a website dedicated to medical studies, has a blog titled, “Vitamin D: Facts and Statistics.” In this article, the Vitamin D deficiency statistics are laid out.\n32% of doctors and medical school students are vitamin-D deficient.\n40% of the U.S. population is vitamin-D deficient.\n42% of African American women of childbearing age are vitamin-D deficient.\n48% of young girls (9-11 years old) are vitamin-D deficient.\nUp to 60% of all hospital patients are vitamin-D deficient.\n76% of pregnant mothers are severely vitamin-D deficient, causing widespread vitamin-D deficiencies in their unborn children.\n(HealingTherapies.Info)\nBut How Does Vitamin D Work?\nOkay so now you know what sunlight is, and you know what Vitamin D is, but now you need to know how the two work together to keep us healthy. It’s quite simple…chemical processes!\nThe Vitamin D process begins with your liver. Whether you are exposing yourself to sunlight to receive Vitamin D or you are taking supplements, your body is going to send the Vitamin D to your liver. Once your body reaches this point, your liver is going to take that Vitamin D and change it into a different substance. This substance is called 25(OH)D. As the Vitamin D Council explains, “When your doctor talks about your vitamin D levels, he means the amount of 25(OH)D you have in your blood.” Hey, thanks liver!\nFrom this point, the chemical is sent throughout your body and it’s ready to get to action! Our tissues turn it into activated Vitamin D and your body will begin to receive the long list of health benefits.The Vitamin D Council came to the rescue again to simplify what is definitely not a simple thing. The website explains, “From here, it gets a little complicated, but you can think of activated vitamin D working in two ways:\nManages calcium in your blood, bones and gut;\nHelps cells all over your body to communicate properly.”\nAs you can see, Vitamin D deserves an article entirely to itself. It’s complex, interesting, and majorly beneficial. However, if we were forced to sum up vitamin D for you in just one short blurb…this is what we would tell you…\nOur bodies need vitamin D and the sun can give deliver it. Why not take advantage of what this world has to offer? Your body will thank you! Especially during the winter!\nPosted on November 23, 2016\tIn Light Therapy, Mental Health, Seasonal Affective Disorder, Vitamin D\nWhat Everyone Needs To Know About Light Therapy\nLight therapy is breaking ground all across the world and yet most people go through their every day lives having no idea what it is and how much potential it holds. Light therapy is going to blow your mind!\nNone of us are perfect, and honestly, more people than you would think struggle with serious disorders that affect their every day lives. Light therapy has been proven effective in a wide array of scenarios. A light box imitates outdoor light, which boosts energy levels and improves health, as well as multiple other perks.The process of using a light box and other forms of the therapy have been successfully treating all sorts of disorders. These conditions range from Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD), to depression, to hair loss, to acne that you thought you would never get rid of, to muscle pain, and a little bit of every in between.\nLight therapy is powerful, easy to use, cost effective, all natural, harm free, and ready for you whenever you’re ready. Now lets learn what everyone needs to know about light therapy…\nIt Can Treat Seasonal Affective Disorder and Depression:\nIf you struggle with any form of depression, light therapy may be a cure for your struggles. Seasonal Affective Disorder or SAD is a form of depression that usually strikes annually during fall and winter. For some people, symptoms for SAD occur during summer and spring, but it is rare. Symptoms for the disorder include irritability, trouble getting along with others, weight gain and major appetite changes, low energy levels, extreme sensitivity to rejection, oversleeping, and an achey, heavy feeling throughout the limbs.\nFor people with depression, aside from Seasonal Affective Disorder, light therapy can help by simply using a light box to bring their energy levels back to normal. Depression is usually apparent in conjunction with lack of sleep and Circadian Rhythm Disorders. Circadian Rhythm Disorders are changes in a person’s normal rhythm of their 24 hours cycles. When the patterns of the brain wave activity drastically change due to work, pregnancy, medications, time zone changes, routine swaps, and medical issues such as Alzheimer’s, it is hard for the brain to keep up. Making it is easy for depression to creep in. Light therapy can help bring your brain and energy levels back to a point that is difficult to reach without any assistance.\nIt Can Treat Other Mental Disorders Such As Bipolar Disorder:\nMore than three million people in the United States are diagnosed with Bipolar Disorder, also referred to as Manic Depression each year. The disorder brings about episodes of mood swings ranging from depressive lows to manic highs. Most people struggling with the disorder undergo periods of elevated moods, either high or low, and increased irritability. A reduced need for sleep, depression symptoms, and loss of interest in passions are all common occurrences.\nUnfortunately, Bipolar Disorder cannot be cured, but light therapy has been proven to show signs of improvement. Light therapy helps keep the biological clock on time in people with Bipolar Disorder and other mental illnesses. This clock can be easily agitated and can throw off sleep and wake cycles which are known to stir up symptoms such as mania and depression. Using light therapy aids in regulating biological patterns, in turn reducing mood swings and major brain wave changes.\nPeople who struggle with SAD, depression, and Bipolar Disorder, often face other mental disorders such as Bulimia and Anorexia. The therapy indirectly improves mood, thus reducing the need to binge or purge.\nIt Can Treat Insomnia:\nThere are more than three million US cases of Insomnia per year. Insomnia can usually be self-diagnosed and the symptoms include difficulty falling asleep and remaining asleep. People who struggle with Insomnia are often overly tired, lack concentration, show signs of depression, are extremely irritable, and suffer from headaches.\nSimilar to Bipolar Disorder, insomnia doesn’t have a direct cure. However, light therapy shows major signs of improvement in people and for people who struggle with moderate to mild insomnia, light therapy can most certainly be the cure. The internal clock in people with insomnia is often off which causes them to struggle when it comes to sleep. By managing when the brain releases melatonin and seratonin, insomnia symptoms can be alleviated and the brain’s internal clock can get itself back on track.\nIt Can Cure Psoriasis and Other Skin Conditions:\nLight therapy is extremely effective for skin conditions such as Psoriasis, Vitiligo, Scleroderma, and many other disorders. The process works by decreasing cell growth and inflammation that create skin issues. Psoriasis is a common skin problem that has seen results when treated with light therapy processes. Psoriasis occurs when skin cells build up and form itchy and scaly patches on your body. Using a light box in a scenario such as this would slow down your cell growth and bring this painful condition to a halt. Do you struggle with any of these skin conditions? Light therapy may be the skin treatment you’ve been looking for.\nIt Can Cure Chronic Pain:\nRed light therapy is used every day to treat chronic pain. This form of therapy became popular when professional athletes began using it for pain relief as well as wound healing.\nThis most likely goes without saying, but no one wants to take pain killers every day. They’re dangerous, your body becomes overly reliant, and they make your stomach a wreck. An even better statement: it’s pretty difficult to lead a happy life when living with chronic pain. No worries. The cure is here.\nRed light therapy is very commonly used for pain relief. It’s used in doctor’s offices all over, athlete’s swear by it, Chiropractor’s praise it, and it’ll be hard to find someone with a negative opinion on the matter. It’s gentle, drug-free, non-invasive, and 100% awesome. In most cases, it has proven extremely effective in reducing pains and aches. In some cases, red light therapy has actually totally eliminated aches and pains. Red light therapy can treat herniated and bulging disks, muscle related back pain, Osteoarthritis, pulled and strained muscles, Fibromyalgia, muscle spasms, inflammation, bone fractures, chips, and sprains, nerve injuries, neck pain, neck stiffness, and more.\nIt Can Treat Hair Loss:\nWhen it comes to hair regrowth, red light therapy is making our jaws drop. Low Level Light Therapy or Low Light Laser Therapy (LLLT), are what specialists are using and it is directly creating hair regrowth for people who struggle with male pattern baldness, hair loss due to age, stress, and more.\nThese treatment sessions use red and near infrared light therapy. The treatment does not need to be in the form of a laser to work, but some people prefer it. Wavelengths in the range of 630 to 670 nanometers are most commonly used for this form of Light Therapy. The treatment works because visible red light is capable of being absorbed by the molecules in our hair follicles. When absorbed, this can stimulate growth of the hair thanks to a natural biological reaction. This only works if the light is absorbed, which is why lasers are usually preferred.\nIt Can Treat Acne, Scars, Wrinkles, and Blemishes:\nMost people have struggled or will struggle with those not so pretty blemishes on our cheeks, our noses, our foreheads, our backs, and other unfortunate places. Acne is a skin condition that occurs when hair follicles plug with oil and dead skin cells. The bothersome condition results in pimples, blackheads, and bumps. It’s honestly a pretty difficult condition to conquer. Some people can lay off the greasy potato chips, change their pillow cases every single morning, and still end up with zits on their foreheads. Some people can apply all of the expensive creams in the world, try every homeopathic treatment, read every Pinterest article about how to get rid of their zits, and they will still struggle. Some people deal with terrible side affects with acne medications, or they just can’t afford to keep getting it refilled! This is where light therapy can kick acne right out of your life.\nExposing your skin to different forms of Light Therapy can help kill the bacteria in and on your skin that causes redness and swelling from acne. Using a form of Light Therapy will not be a quick kill for your zits. It will not just zap them away like a laser does. Instead, the treatment kills the bacteria that causes acne and reduces the amount of oil-producing glands on your skin. It givesyour skin a chance to recover by itself, without harming or damaging it for the long run. Depending on what is needed and wanted, the treatment will either use red light, blue light, or a combination of the two.\nLight therapy also works wonders by treating scars, reducing fine lines and wrinkles, and overall rejuvenating your skin to bring back youth and a healthy glow. All of these conditions can be cured with one light therapy device, but depending on your specific conditions and the severity of them, it’s best to do research and speak to a doctor before buying or using a device.\nWe barely cracked the surface here and we’re excited just talking about light therapy! Light therapy is still new. We learn more every day, and the possibilties are endless. It’s time to get on board!\nPosted on November 22, 2016\tIn Acne, Blue Light Therapy, Depression, Hair Loss, Insomnia, Light Therapy, Mental Health, Pain, Psoriasis, Red Light Therapy, Seasonal Affective Disorder, Skin Treatments\nLight Therapy is Boosting Libido in Men!\nLight Therapy & Libido\nThe European College of Neuropsychology has released new research which is proving that light therapy can boost libido in men. Libido is a person’s sexual desire. It is often referred to as sex drive or sexual appetite. New research has proven that bright light therapy can actually improve libido levels in men. The more we learn, the more we come to realize that light therapy has endless potential.\nBright light therapy, which is the same form of therapy used for treating Seasonal Affective Disorder, is the form of light therapy being used for improving libido levels. Exposure to bright light therapy increases testosterone levels and can lead to greater sexual satisfaction in men who suffer from low libidos. The researchers from the European College of Neuropsychology are reporting that the 25% of men who have said they suffer from lower libidos can now put their minds to ease. There is hope!\nThe Proof!\nIn the study conducted at the European college, scientists gathered 38 men that were diagnosed with hypoactive sexual desire disorder, also known as sexual arousal disorder. This disorder refers to men who have a lack of interest in sex. All 38 men underwent an evaluation prior to the study to determine their baseline interest in sex and calculate their testosterone levels.\nAfter this initial evaluation, the men were divided in half. Every single day for two weeks, the 19 men from each group sat in front of a light box early in the morning for half hour long treatments. One of the groups of 19 men was the control group. They were treated with an adapted light box that produced drastically less light than the other group’s light box. The men didn’t know this, of course.\nOnce the treatment was over, the researchers and scientists discovered that the testosterone levels in the men who were given the active light treatment increased. There levels skyrocketed from 2.1 ng/ml to 3.6 ng/ml after just two weeks. The control group that was given the weak light ended the treatment session with their testosterone levels around the same level as when they began. Which was about 2.3 ng/ml.\nAndrea Fagiolini, who was the study author was documented discussing the experiment’s interesting results. Fagiolini explained, “Before treatment, both groups averaged a sexual satisfaction score of around 2 out of 10, but after treatment the group exposed to the bright light was scoring sexual satisfaction scores of around 6.3—a more than 3-fold increase on the scale we used. In contrast, the control group only showed an average score of around 2.7 after treatment.”\nBright light therapy is often used to treat Seasonal Affective Disorder as well. This is where we believe the connection lies. Previous research has shown libido levels changing with the seasons. Ambient light can contribute to sexual desire and testosterone levels. Andrea Fagiolini also explained, “In the Northern hemisphere, the body’s testosterone production naturally declines from November through April, and then rises steadily through the spring and summer with a peak in October. You see the effect of this in reproductive rates, with the month of June showing the highest rate of conception.”\nLight boxes imitate what nature does to our brains by triggering our pineal gland. This gland is responsible for producing melatonin. Researchers believe that triggering the pineal gland can aid in the production of more testosterone. The way bright light therapy can treat the brain during Seasonal Affective Disorder is the same way it can treat the brains of people suffering from low libidos.\nAre You Sold?\nWhile light therapy isn’t technically is an official form of treatment for low libido in men quite yet, anyone can try it out! It’s important to speak to a doctor prior to conducting a light therapy session such as this on your own but once you’re told it’s okay, it’s worth a shot!\nThe NatureBright SunTouch Plus Light and Ion Therapy Lamp\nAmazon for $51.99\nTry starting your treatment with a bright light box such as this one. The NatureBright SunTouch Plus Light and Ion Therapy Lamp is compact, easy to use, and fairly inexpensive. Try sitting in front of this light box for at least a half hour each day. Mornings are typically the best time. Set it up on your kitchen table while you drink your coffee, eat your breakfast, read the paper, etc. If you don’t have time in the morning, set it up on your desk at work. Another option is to use the light box as your day is winding down. Eat dinner in front of it, read a book, watch TV. Whatever works for you! Light therapy is a wonderful alternative to medicine and can drastically improve your life. Why not give it a shot?\nSave\nSave\nPosted on November 2, 2016\tIn Libido, Light Therapy, Men's Health, Products\nTop 6 Forms of Light Therapy for SAD\nFall is here and winter is just around the corner! It’s getting to that time of the year where highly sensitive people begin to become affected by the changing of the seasons. We’re talking about the people who need the sun to thrive. The people who enter hibernation when the sun starts to set at 5 pm. We’re talking about victims of seasonal affective disorder, or seasonal depression. This is a condition that affects millions of people each year! Some people don’t even know they suffer from these “winter blues.” But no worries, there is a cure. There are actually 6 of them!\nUnderstanding Seasonal Affective Disorder…\nSeasonal affective disorder (SAD), or seasonal depression, is a mood disorder and mild form of depression. Unlike major depression, SAD is temporary. It occurs at the same time each year, usually in the fall and winter months. Some people experience SAD in the opposite months…leaving them to struggle with depression in the spring and summer and not finding happiness again until fall and winter. This form of the depression is much less common. SAD is extremely frequent, affecting more than 3 million US cases each year. It is typically treatable and not a long term condition. The disorder usually resolves within months.\nWhat Are The Symptoms?\nSymptoms for winter and fall seasonal affective disorder may include…\n• Irritability\n• Tiredness or low energy\n• Problems getting along with other people\n• Hypersensitivity to rejection\n• Heavy, “leaden” feeling in the arms or legs\n• Oversleeping\n• Appetite changes, especially a craving for foods high in carbs\n• Weight gain\nSymptoms for spring and summer seasonal affective disorder may include…\n• Depression\n• Trouble sleeping (Insomnia)\n• Weight loss\n• Poor appetite\n• Agitation or anxiety\n(Symptoms lists from MayoClinic.org)\nWhy Seasonal Affective Disorder Is So Common…\nWe do not know exactly why SAD occurs and what causes it. However, many studies have been done in attempt to figure it out. Our biological clock (Circadian Rhythm), is the main factor. Due to the increased amount of darkness and decreased amount of sunlight in the fall and winter months, our body’s internal clock is off. This can lead to feelings of depression. Another major factor is our serotonin levels. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter chemical in our brains that affects our moods. When the amount of sunlight that we are exposed to is reduced, our serotonin levels drop, prompting depression. The third reason is our melatonin levels. Melatonin is a hormone in our brains that anticipates the daily onset of darkness. When our light levels are off, for example, when it gets dark at 4 p.m. due to daylight savings, our brain gets confused and releases melatonin. This tricks our brain and body and messes up our brain waves as well as our energy levels.\nThe Huffington Post took to their Healthy Living blog to discuss “10 Things Everyone Should Know About Seasonal Depression.” Lindsay Holmes, Healthy Living Editor, went in detail explaining how Seasonal Depression should be analyzed and discussed with a doctor. Holmes claims that sometimes Seasonal Depression is a sign of underlying depression. She also says the condition is not something to joke about and it’s an actual serious illness. For her eighth and ninth reasons on the blog, she explains where the depression seems to be the most prevalent as well as who seems to deal with it the most. Holmes says:\n“It’s more prevalent in northern states. People who live in colder, cloudier climates may be more susceptible to the disorder. Northern states have higher rates of SAD than southern states, according to the University of California, Irvine.\nSAD is more common in women. Studies show women have higher rates of depression than men, including SAD, the New York Times reported. However, that doesn’t mean men are immune. Depression doesn’t discriminate and can affect anyone, regardless of gender, ethnicity or any biological factor.”\n(HuffingtonPost.com)\nLight Therapy and Seasonal Affective Disorder…\nLight therapy is a form of therapy that uses different forms of light to treat a wide array of conditions. Doctors of all sciences have been using light therapy on their patients for years. Thanks to the convenience of new light therapy products, it is now easy and accessible to use light therapy products at home. Light therapy has been helping to cure SAD on ground-breaking levels and there is no sign of it stopping.\nMost people suffering from SAD don’t do anything to fix the issue. Instead of looking for an answer, they assume it’s normal. They sleep in a little longer, drink more coffee, and wait for spring to poke it’s head out. Some people don’t even know they are struggling with something that is actually medically recognizable. To them, it’s just the winter blues. But by ignoring the fact that they’re suffering, they’re missing out on some months that could be wonderful. With today’s modern technology, there’s no need to avoid the topic anymore. There are six forms of light therapy that have been proven effective at treating seasonal affective disorder.\nTop 6 Forms of Light Therapy for SAD…\n1. Dawn Simulators\nDawn simulators mimic the natural rising of the sun and are the most natural, authentic form of light therapy. There are two different types of dawn simulators. One option simulates the natural representation of dawn for a springtime sunrise. Another option simulates a sigmoidal shaped dawn that can last between 30 minutes to 2 hours. Dawn simulators are highly effective because early morning light signals are much more powerful in regards to our brains that any other light sources throughout the day. Our brains are sensitive to morning light.\nDawn simulators can be a stand alone light source that is a bit like an alarm clock or it can be an attachment that you plug into your bedside lamp.\n2. Light Boxes\nLight boxes are the most common form of light therapy. They are used in clinical studies and always promote positive results. They are flat screens that emit a full spectrum fluorescent light. The light box typically emits 10,000 lux.\nThese devices are used on a set schedule. Patients sit in front of them each day at the same time for between 30 to 60 minutes. These devices are easy and you can use them at your own convenience. For example, when you’re reading the newspaper or eating your breakfast each morning.\n3. Natural Spectrum Light Bulbs\nNatural spectrum light bulbs are simply an addition to a lamp at your home or work. They can be used on a set schedule just like a light box or they can be left on throughout the day, just like a normal lamp. They typically emit at least 10,000 lux and are known to be highly effective. Just like light boxes, these bulbs can adjust your circadian rhythm and boost your mood levels.\n4. Bluewave Technology\nBlue light, or blue wave technology, is another form of light therapy used to treat seasonal affective disorder. It is used in the form of a light box, just like the option discussed above, but the light panel or bulbs are slightly different.\nThe only downside to this option is the blue light is extremely similar to the light that is emitted by technology such as your cellphone or computer. Studies have shown that using a cellphone, computer, tv, etc., before bed can effect your sleep in a negative way. So if you are planning on using blue light therapy, be sure to do your treatment session earlier in the day to avoid any potential sleep issues.\n5. Bright Light Sun Visors\nA light therapy hat! So fun, right? These personal light therapy boxes are worn as a hat. They are used for a set amount of time each day and can let you keep your light therapy box right on your head for easy convenience throughout the day. This is wonderful if you’re a busy bee!\nBe sure to use bright light sun visors with caution and read all of the instructions on the packing first. Keeping a light source so close to your eyes is definitely something that needs to be monitored.\n6. Light on a Timer\nThis form of light therapy for seasonal affective disorder is similar to a dawn simulator except it can be used at any time throughout the day. Also, the change in light is far more abrupt than a simulator. This form of therapy is helpful for people who struggle with getting out of bed in the morning or who often forget to do their light therapy treatment sessions.\nTry setting the lights in your room on a timer. With the help of your alarm clock you will definitely wake up in time and have a great, serotonin filled day. Or perhaps the warm light in your office will automatically turn on for one hour each day, mimicking the outdoor light and keeping your circadian rhythm in check.\nSave\nPosted on November 1, 2016\tIn Blue Light Therapy, Depression, Light Therapy, Mental Health, Products, Seasonal Affective Disorder, Uncategorized\nWhy You Need A Himalayan Salt Lamp!\nHimalayan salt lamps are beautiful and a wonderful addition to any room. They’re also a form of light therapy. A genius, highly effective, scientifically incredible, form of light therapy, if we do say so ourselves.\nNatural Living Ideas said it best when sharing with their readers why they love Himalayan salt lamps so much. The website reads, “You don’t know what you’re missing if you’ve never owned a Himalayan salt lamp. It’s like having an open window – a softly glowing natural source of fresh, clean air – on your desk, in your living room, next to the bed, or anywhere you choose to put it.” (naturallivingideas.com)\nThe lamps have a wide range of benefits from deodorizing the air in your house, to promoting better sleep, to saving the planet. The lamp is basically the best thing to hit the market since,well, let’s just say everyone needs a Himalayan salt lamp in every room of their house. To help you understand why we love these lamps so much, here are the Top 10 reasons why we think they’re the best.\n10. Cleanse and Deodorize the Air\nThis is possibly the most common reason why Himalayan salt lamps are purchased. Salt lamps have a remarkable power to remove pollen, dust, cigarette smoke, and other contaminants from the air.\nThe lamps purify the air by means of hydroscopy. This means that they attract water molecules from the environment around them and then absorb them into the lamp, as well as any other foreign particles that may be floating around. As the lamp warms up from the light bulb inside of it, that water is evaporated back into the air. However, all of the bad particles of dust, pollen, etc., are trapped and locked inside the salt.\n9. Reduce Allergy and Asthma Symptoms\nPeople that suffer from allergies or asthma will be thrilled once they add a Himalayan salt lamp to their house. Because the lamps remove all unnecessary and harmful products from the air, people with allergies and asthma will notice a drastic decrease in their symptoms.\n8. Ease Coughing\nAside from removing contaminants from the air, Himalayan salt lamps also have the ability to help our bodies filter air more effectively. The end result is when we do breathe in foreign particles, which is bound to happen, they won’t make it into our lungs.\nThere is a hefty scientific reasoning behind this incredible benefit. We think Natural Living Ideas, a website dedicated to helping people live healthy, natural lifestyles, summed it up perfectly. The site reads,\n“When the Himalayan salt lamp heats up and begins its hygroscopic cycling of airborne particles, it also changes the charge of the molecules which are released.\nThe majority of homes are filled with positively charged ions which aren’t particularly good for a person’s health. The positive ions are created by a number of things, but the primary source for most of us is from our electronics.\nOne of the health detriments of breathing lots of positive ions in the air is that the cilia (microscopic hairs) which line the trachea (aka: windpipe) become sluggish and don’t work as well to keep contaminants out of our lungs. As a Himalayan pink salt lamp absorbs water and particles from the air, it also takes positive ions with them. Then, when the heated salt releases cleansed water vapor back into the air, it also expels negative ions which have the opposite effect on our airways – increasing cilial activity to keep your lungs clear.” (naturallivingideas.com)\n7. Boost Energy Levels\nHimalayan salt lamps expose us to a concentration of negative ions. Negative ions boost our energy levels and leave us feeling rested, invigorated, and ready for anything! Taking a summer drive with the windows down, jumping into a lake, reaching the top of a mountain, and drinking your first cup of coffee on the deck in the morning are all actions that send energy through our bones. They liven us up, leave us feeling invigorated. All of these activities expose us to negative ions. This is why Himalayan salt lamps work! If you’re feeling tired or down in the dumps, leave a salt lamp in your bedroom! You’ll wake up ready for anything. We promise.\n6. Neutralize Electromagnetic Radiation\nIt’s 2016 and most of us live in a world of electromagnetic (EM) radiation. EM radiation flows from all of the devices that we surround ourselves with — televisions, computers, cell phones, tablets, stereos, appliances, and much more. EM radiation may be invisible, but it can have some serious long term health affects on us. Over-exposure to EM radiation can be serious. This constant exposure leads to increased stress levels, chronic fatigue, decrease in immune system response, and more.\nWhile generating negative ions and emiting them into the air, Himalayan salt lamps neutralize this EM radiation. Keeping a salt lamp next to your computer, tv, etc., can make a serious difference in your life.\n5. Promote better sleep\nOur devices, which we discuss above, emit so many positive ions that sometimes it’s impossible to get some shut eye. Himalayan salt lamps can help us in that department, too. Natural Living Ideas explains in their article about the lamps,\n“Another side effect which results from over-exposure to positive ions in the air is that it robs you of quality sleep. This happens because those positively-charged particles can actually reduce blood and oxygen supply to the brain resulting in irregular sleep patterns. Himalayan pink salt lamps are natural negative ion generators, thus they can help to reverse this problem. Keep one or two around your bedroom to improve the air quality so you can get a better night’s sleep.” (naturallivingideas.com)\n4. Improve Mood and Concentration Levels\nWe can basically thank negative ions for all of the benefits Himalayan salt lamps have. Salt lamps can help you naturally unwind at the end of the day and brighten your mood. They can also have an opposite effect and greatly improve concentration levels. Because negative ions improve blood and oxygen supply to the brain and other organs, as well as provide you with a serotonin boost (neurotransmitter that makes us happy), there is not much Himalayan salt lamps can’t do.\n3. Treat Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)\nLight therapy has been a highly effective treatment method for Seasonal Affective Disorder for a long time. Himalayan salt lamps are most definitely a form of light therapy and we love that about them. The natural light that the salt lamps emit are so close to the warm glow of the sun that they can actually be used to relieve symptoms of Seasonal Affective Disorder. When winter rolls around and you just can’t seem to get yourself out of bed in the morning, turn on that salt lamp. It’ll work wonders!\n2. Reduce Static Electricity in the Air\nA reduction in static electricity may not be a “health benefit” but it’s definitely a benefit! Static is a pain in butt. It’s annoying, pesky, and frustrating. It gives us bad hair days, zaps us when we reach for a door handle, and you know, all of that other annoying stuff. Salt lamps are a natural and effective way to neutralize the airborne particles in our houses that cause static. Awesome!\n1. Environmentally Friendly Light Source – Save The Planet!\nHimalayan salt lamps are helping us save the planet! The reserves from which Himalayan pink salt is mined recently measured between 80 to 600 million tons and is predicted to last for at least another 350 years at the rate that we are currently extracted that. The base of the lamps is typically carved from neem, which is a sustainable wood. Also, some salt lamps use low wattage bulbs which consume a very small amount of energy and some are powered by a candle. These three traits make Himalayan salt lamps extremely environmentally friendly. Does it get any better than that?\nSave\nPosted on September 11, 2016\tIn Depression, Insomnia, Light Therapy, Mental Health, Products, Top 10's\nPrepping For Fall And Winter With Light Therapy\nIn this article, we explore fall and winter uses of light therapy, focusing especially on light therapy for SAD (seasonal affective disorder).\nWith fall and winter just around the corner, it’s time to start talking about season affective disorder, or seasonal depression, a condition that affects millions of people every year. If you think this condition could be affecting you, it’s time to start prepping for fall and winter now! Let’s get down to it.\nWhat Is Seasonal Affective Disorder?\nSeasonal affective disorder (SAD), or seasonal depression, is a mood disorder and mild form of depression. Unlike major depression, SAD is temporary. It occurs at the same time each year, usually in the fall and winter months. Some people experience SAD in the opposite months, leaving them to struggle with depression in the spring and summer and not finding happiness again until fall and winter. This form of the depression is much less common. SAD is extremely common with more than 3 million US cases each year. It is usually treatable and not a long term condition. The disorder typically resolves within months.\nWhat Are The Symptoms?\nSymptoms for winter and fall seasonal affective disorder may include…\n• Irritability\n• Tiredness or low energy\n• Problems getting along with other people\n• Hypersensitivity to rejection\n• Heavy, “leaden” feeling in the arms or legs\n• Oversleeping\n• Appetite changes, especially a craving for foods high in carbs\n• Weight gain\nSymptoms for spring and summer seasonal affective disorder may include…\n• Depression\n• Trouble sleeping (Insomnia)\n• Weight loss\n• Poor appetite\n• Agitation or anxiety\n(Symptoms lists from MayoClinic.org)\nWhy Does Seasonal Affective Disorder Occur?\nWe do not know exactly why SAD occurs and what causes it. However, many studies have been done in an attempt to figure it out. Our biological clock (our Circadian Rhythm), is one factor. Because of the increased amount of darkness, and decreased amount of sunlight in the fall and winter months, our body’s internal clock is off. This can lead to feelings of depression. Another factor is our serotonin levels. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter chemical in our brains that affects our moods. When the amount of sunlight that we are exposed to is reduced, our serotonin levels drop, prompting depression. The third reason is our melatonin levels. Melatonin is a hormone found in our brains that anticipates the daily onset of darkness. When our light levels are off, for examples, when it gets dark at 4 p.m. due to daylight savings time, our brain gets confused and releases melatonin. This tricks our brain and body and messes up our brain waves as well as our energy levels.\nThe Huffington Post, in its Healthy Living section, discuss “10 Things Everyone Should Know About Seasonal Depression.” Lindsay Holmes, Healthy Living Editor, went in detail explaining how Seasonal Depression should be analyzed and discussed with a doctor. Holmes claims that sometimes Seasonal Depression is a sign of underlying depression. She also defends the condition by stating that it’s not something to joke about and it’s an actual serious illness. For her eighth and ninth reasons on the blog, she explains where the depression seems to be the most prevalent as well as who seems to deal with it the most. Holmes explains:\n“It’s more prevalent in northern states. People who live in colder, cloudier climates may be more susceptible to the disorder. Northern states have higher rates of SAD than southern states, according to the University of California, Irvine.\nSAD is more common in women. Studies show women have higher rates of depression than men, including SAD, the New York Times reported. However, that doesn’t mean men are immune. Depression doesn’t discriminate and can affect anyone, regardless of gender, ethnicity or any biological factor.”\n(HuffingtonPost.com)\nWhat Is Light Therapy?\nLight therapy is a form of therapy that uses different forms of light to treat a wide array of conditions. Doctors of all sciences have been using light therapy on their patients for years now. Thanks to the convenience of new light therapy products, it is now easy to use light therapy products at home. Light therapy has been helping to cure SAD on ground breaking levels and there is no sign of it stopping.\nLight Therapy & Seasonal Affective Disorder…\nMost people suffering from SAD don’t do anything to fix the issue. Instead of looking for an answer, they assume it’s normal. They sleep in a little longer, drink more coffee, and wait for spring to poke it’s head out. Some people don’t even know they are struggling with something that is actually medically recognizable. To them, it’s just the winter blues. But by ignoring the fact that they’re suffering, they’re missing out on some months that could be wonderful. With today’s modern technology, there’s no need to avoid the topic anymore. There is actually a cure for SAD.\nThe Options…\nPeople suffering from SAD have a number of options for treatment when it comes to using light therapy for SAD. One option is a light box which provides a measured amount of light through fluorescent bulbs or panels. The light intensity is typically between 2,500 to 10,000 lux. The amount of light is different depending on what you deem necessary for your treatment. Typically the amount of light would be equal to that of the amount of sunlight you are exposed to on a nice spring day. The light box helps regulate the internal clock in your mind, keeping your brain on track and your energy level high. The light box is typically small to medium sized, easy to carry, and fairly portable, depending on the seriousness of the depression. People undergoing the treatment set aside around 30 minutes a day, sometimes twice a day, and sit 12 to 24 inches away from the light box. You would then carry on with whatever you choose. Reading, knitting, writing, eating, talking on the phone, etc. Be careful not to look directly into the light.\nFor people who have trouble waking up in the morning, have not seen results with light therapy boxes, or want to combine two methods, dawn/dusk simulators are recommended. The devices have proven effective for people with mild symptoms up to severe symptoms. The dawn/dusk simulator helps mimic the ideal lighting and darkness occurring outdoors. For example, if you have trouble waking up in the morning, the simulator can be set to slowly turn on at 8 a.m., or whatever time you choose. A bright light will appear in your bedroom, typically on a bedside table. The simulator leaves you feeling refreshed and ready for the day. Another case would be helping keep your biological clock on time by mimicking light throughout your day and then shutting down at the accurate outdoors time. For people who live in places that stay dark for a significant amount of the time each year, like Alaska in the winter, this simulator is perfect. It will mimic sunlight in your house all day, reminding you that it is day time. Once the time of sunset rolls around, the device will slowly shut off.\nSeasonal affective disorder is not rare. It is not a joke, and it could be happening to you. It’s time we stop suffering winter blues and waiting for the fall/winter seasons to end.\nIt’s time to start adding light therapy into our lives and enjoying fall and winter!\nPosted on September 10, 2016\tIn Depression, Insomnia, Light Therapy, Mental Health, Seasonal Affective Disorder\nRed Light Therapy For Skin\nWhat Is Red Light Therapy?\nRed light therapy is a form of light that that uses red LED infrared lighting and bulbs to treat a wide array of conditions and disorders.\nRed Light Therapy is commonly associated with anti-aging. Skin Rejuvination, to be exact. And while this is true, Red Light Therapy can works wonders in that department, the treatment has a long list of benefits. Ranging from acne to chronic back pain, Red Light Therapy may be the new magical elixir…except this actually works.\nUses For Red Light Therapy:\nWrinkles\nSkin rejuvenation\nAge spots\nAcne\nSun damage\nChronic pain\nJoint pain\nMuscle pain\nBites\nBruises\nMinor burns\nCollagen production\nCuts\nScrapes\nDry skin\nFirst aid\nHair loss\nPsoriasis\nRed marks from acne\nStretch marks\nRosacea\nFlushing\nScars\nWound care\nUneven skintone\nRed Light Therapy For Skin…\nRed Light Therapy devices can be used to help slow down our natural cosmetic aging. Treatment can reduce fine lines and wrinkles while also tightening and firming the skin. Proper treatment can rid of age spots and hyper pigmentation, which usually occurs on the face, neck, and hands. There’s no need for face lifts when you can go the natural route. Red Light Therapy can also diminish blemishes and red spots, along with acne. Thought you could never get rid of those blackheads around your nose? Or those zits that keep showing up around your chin? How about those scars that acne left you with? Regularly scheduled treatment can help you say goodbye to those.\nHow Does It Work?\nRed light therapy uses infrared light which delivers a burst of energy to the body’s tissues and triggers a response for the body to heal itself from the inside. Depending on the affected area and what your body needs, the burst of energy will trigger different responses from your body and kickstart the necessary healing process. This form of light therapy is much better than laser technology because it doesn’t cut the body’s tissues! It’s also much safer and effective than the sun’s rays because it has no harmful UV components. It’s a win win.\nRed light therapy effectively treats the skin in a few different forms. When it comes to anti-aging, wrinkles, and sun damage, the treatment is wonderful. Red light therapy produces elastin and collagen which prevents skin aging. It also increases circulation by relaxing the blood vessels in the specific treatment areas which allows blood to flow more easily. This helps to prevent and diminish wrinkles because increased circulation encourages the production of new skin cells. Can you believe that? There’s actually a safe and effective way to say goodbye to wrinkles.\nAs for treating and getting rid of acne, red light therapy is an extremely popular form of treatment. Facing Acne, a website dedicated to helping people get the clear skin they desire, wrote a wonderful article explaining light therapy and it’s effects on acne. They wrote a brief summary on how red light therapy can treat acne. The website explains,\n“Red light reaches deep into the skin and activates hemoglobin. Red light treatment cuts off just enough of the blood supply of oil-producing sebaceous glands that pores don’t get quite as oily. Blue light penetrates pores and kills acne bacteria—but not all the pore’s acne bacteria. There are always some acne bacteria in the sebaceous gland that can’t be reached by blue light.” (FacingAcne.com)\nCommitment…\nIt’s important to understand that any form of therapy requires commitment. In order to receive the best possible results from red light therapy, patients must stick to a set schedule, even if they are conducting the therapy by themselves in their own home.\nAre You Sold?\nThere are many different devices used for red light therapy treatments. From wands, lamps, bulbs, beds, pads, and masks, there is surely a device for everyone in need. As discussed, the lights penetrate into the skin, boosting the cellular process that your body is in need of. However, you need the right device in order to begin your healing. Red light therapy uses wavelengths of light between about 620 nanometers and 700 nanometers. At home devices are typically between 630 to 660 nanometers.\nTreatment sessions can be done at home or in a doctor’s office. Treatment sessions range depending on the devices being used. Handheld wands and masks are usually held to the skin from as little as 30 seconds to 15 minutes. Tanning style beds are typically used between 10 to 30 minutes. Bulbs that are inserted into lamps can be stood in front of, set up above your place of need, etc., and are typically used for the same amount of time as the bed.\nLED Light Therapy Skin System For Beautiful Skin\nAmazon for $99.99\nThe LED Light Therapy Skin System for Beautiful Skin uses multiple forms of light therapy to target skin conditions. As you’ll see, this device is at a slightly higher price point. The reason being, you get more for your buck. This skin care package includes three detachable light heads which can be changed according to what your skin requires. The device is hand held, cordless when in use and charges with the included cord. The device is aimed to give you a 30 minute treatment per charge and has a built in timer to let you know when your treatments, which are typically 10 minutes long, are finished. The LED Light Therapy Skin Care System has wonderful reviews for not only treating acne. It can also tighten the skin on your face and body and reduce fine lines and wrinkles.\nPosted on August 5, 2016\tIn Acne, Products, Red Light Therapy, Skin Treatments\nLEDs and Acne\nWhat Is Acne?\nPretty simple question, right? We all know what acne is. It’s those bright red zits that always showed up at the most inopportune times when you were 16. It’s those pestering black heads all across your nose that you can never seem to squeeze out. It’s those patches of red spots showing up on your cheeks when you feel far too old for it. We know acne is, but why does our skin react the way it does?\nAcne is an extremely common skin condition, according to HealthLine, a website dedicated to explaining medical conditions and the intricate details of them. In the Symptom Checker section of the website, HealthLine explains just what acne is.\n“Acne occurs when the pores on your skin become blocked with oil, dead skin, or bacteria. Each pore on your skin is the opening to a follicle. The follicle is made up of a hair and a sebaceous (oil) gland. The oil gland releases sebum (oil), which travels up the hair, out of the pore, and onto your skin. The sebum keeps your skin lubricated and soft. If you develop acne, this may be because of one or more problems in this lubrication process. These possible causes include:\nToo much oil or sebum is being produced by the follicle\nDead skin cells are accumulating in the pore\nBacteria has built up in the pore\nAn overabundance of oil, a pore clogged by dead skin cells, and bacteria all contribute to the development of pimples. A zit appears when the bacteria grows in the clogged pore and the oil is unable to escape.”\n(HealthLine.com)\nIf your skin is repeatedly being affected by your pores being plugged, you may be struggling with acne. And no, you’re alone if you’re 40 years old and have acne. Acne can affect people of all ages. From young children just entering puberty, to residents in nursing homes. Life isn’t like the movies and sometimes you just get acne.\nWhat Causes Acne?\nAcne can be caused by a wide array of things. Hormonal changes, such as puberty or pregnancy can cause temporary acne. Certain medications can increase the risk as well. Birth control pills and corticosteroids are just a couple examples. Diet also plays a major role in developing acne. Unhealthy diets, diets high in refined sugars, and diets high carbohydrates such as bread and chips make the body more susceptible.\nPeople assume that they’re just not washing their face enough, or they need a new face cream, but most of the time that’s not the case. Hey, maybe washing your face did the trick. But for most people, that’s just not the case. Most people need some medical treatment without the crazy costs. Light Therapy is known to treat acne, especially in the form of Blue Light.\nWhat Is Blue Light Therapy?\nBlue light therapy is form of Photodynamic Therapy or Light Therapy that uses UltraViolet LED lights to treat conditions related to the skin. Blue Light Therapy is proven to have treated some skin cancers. It also aids in minimizing superficial skin lesions, acne, wrinkles, and more. Blue Light Therapy has been working miracles such as warding off skin cancer, so I think it’s safe to say it can treat the acne-causing bacteria in your pores.\nHow It Works…\nBlue light therapy treats acne by using blue LED light treatments on a set schedule for a solid amount of time. It works by means of a blue wavelength that has been proven to reduce p. acnes, which is a bacteria in your pores. The | null | null | null | 0 | 10 | 0 |
Imitrex - FDA prescribing information, side effects and uses\nSkip to Content\nSearch Drugs.com\nAll Select the section you want to search in All Consumer Professional Pill ID Interactions News FDA Alerts Approvals Pipeline Clinical Trials Care Notes Natural Products\nClose\nSearch\nBrowse all medications: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z 0-9\nAdvanced Search\nRegister Sign In\nSign In\nRegister\nMenu\nClose\nAccount\nSign In\nRegister Now\nDrugs A-Z\nA-Z Drug Index\nTreatment Options\nDrugs by Class\nCompare Drugs\nGeneric Drugs\nOTC Drugs\nInternational Drugs\nNatural Products\nDrug Side Effects\nDosage Guides\nPregnancy Warnings\nBreastfeeding Warnings\nPricing & Coupons\nInactive Ingredients\nInfo en Español\nVeterinary Products\nPill Identifier\nInteractions Checker\nFDA Alerts\nNew Drugs\nNews\nPro Edition\nMore\nVideos\nSlideshows\nNewsletters\nPricing & Coupon Guide\nFacebook Twitter YouTube\nProfessionals\nFDA PI\nImitrex\nPrint Share\nImitrex\nGeneric Name: sumatriptan succinate\nDosage Form: tablet, film coated\nMedically reviewed by Drugs.com. Last updated on Dec 1, 2017.\nOverview\nSide Effects\nDosage\nProfessional\nInteractions\nPregnancy\nMore\nShow On This Page\nIndications and Usage\nDosage and Administration\nDosage Forms and Strengths\nContraindications\nWarnings and Precautions\nAdverse Reactions\nDrug Interactions\nUse In Specific Populations\nOverdosage\nDescription\nClinical Pharmacology\nNonclinical Toxicology\nClinical Studies\nHow Supplied/Storage and Handling\nPatient Counseling Information\nView All\nIndications and Usage for Imitrex\nSee also: Emgality\nImitrex tablets are indicated for the acute treatment of migraine with or without aura in adults.\nLimitations of Use:\n•\nUse only if a clear diagnosis of migraine headache has been established. If a patient has no response to the first migraine attack treated with Imitrex, reconsider the diagnosis of migraine before Imitrex is administered to treat any subsequent attacks.\n•\nImitrex is not indicated for the prevention of migraine attacks.\n•\nSafety and effectiveness of Imitrex tablets have not been established for cluster headache.\nImitrex Dosage and Administration\nDosing Information\nThe recommended dose of Imitrex tablets is 25 mg, 50 mg, or 100 mg. Doses of 50 mg and 100 mg may provide a greater effect than the 25-mg dose, but doses of 100 mg may not provide a greater effect than the 50-mg dose. Higher doses may have a greater risk of adverse reactions [see Clinical Studies (14)].\nIf the migraine has not resolved by 2 hours after taking Imitrex tablets, or returns after a transient improvement, a second dose may be administered at least 2 hours after the first dose. The maximum daily dose is 200 mg in a 24-hour period.\nUse after Imitrex Injection\nIf the migraine returns following an initial treatment with Imitrex (sumatriptan succinate) injection, additional single Imitrex tablets (up to 100 mg/day) may be given with an interval of at least 2 hours between tablet doses.\nThe safety of treating an average of more than 4 headaches in a 30-day period has not been established.\nDosing in Patients with Hepatic Impairment\nIf treatment is deemed advisable in the presence of mild to moderate hepatic impairment, the maximum single dose should not exceed 50 mg [see Use in Specific Populations (8.6), Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].\nDosage Forms and Strengths\n25-mg Tablets: White, triangular-shaped, film-coated, and debossed with “I” on one side and “25” on the other.\n50-mg Tablets: White, triangular-shaped, film-coated, and debossed with “Imitrex 50” on one side and a chevron shape (^) on the other.\n100-mg Tablets: Pink, triangular-shaped, film-coated, and debossed with “Imitrex 100” on one side and a chevron shape (^) on the other.\nContraindications\nImitrex Tablets are contraindicated in patients with:\n•\nIschemic coronary artery disease (CAD) (angina pectoris, history of myocardial infarction, or documented silent ischemia) or coronary artery vasospasm, including Prinzmetal’s angina [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)]\n•\nWolff-Parkinson-White syndrome or arrhythmias associated with other cardiac accessory conduction pathway disorders [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]\n•\nHistory of stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) or history of hemiplegic or basilar migraine because these patients are at a higher risk of stroke [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)]\n•\nPeripheral vascular disease [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)]\n•\nIschemic bowel disease [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)]\n•\nUncontrolled hypertension [see Warnings and Precautions (5.8)]\n•\nRecent use (i.e., within 24 hours) of ergotamine-containing medication, ergot-type medication (such as dihydroergotamine or methysergide), or another 5-hydroxytryptamine1 (5-HT1) agonist [see Drug Interactions (7.1, 7.3)]\n•\nConcurrent administration of a monoamine oxidase (MAO)-A inhibitor or recent (within 2 weeks) use of an MAO-A inhibitor [see Drug Interactions (7.2), Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]\n•\nHypersensitivity to Imitrex (angioedema and anaphylaxis seen) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.9)]\n•\nSevere hepatic impairment [see Use in Specific Populations (8.6), Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]\nWarnings and Precautions\nMyocardial Ischemia, Myocardial Infarction, and Prinzmetal’s Angina\nThe use of Imitrex tablets is contraindicated in patients with ischemic or vasospastic CAD. There have been rare reports of serious cardiac adverse reactions, including acute myocardial infarction, occurring within a few hours following administration of Imitrex tablets. Some of these reactions occurred in patients without known CAD. Imitrex tablets may cause coronary artery vasospasm (Prinzmetal’s angina), even in patients without a history of CAD.\nPerform a cardiovascular evaluation in triptan-naive patients who have multiple cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., increased age, diabetes, hypertension, smoking, obesity, strong family history of CAD) prior to receiving Imitrex tablets. If there is evidence of CAD or coronary artery vasospasm, Imitrex tablets are contraindicated. For patients with multiple cardiovascular risk factors who have a negative cardiovascular evaluation, consider administering the first dose of Imitrex tablets in a medically supervised setting and performing an electrocardiogram (ECG) immediately following administration of Imitrex tablets. For such patients, consider periodic cardiovascular evaluation in intermittent long-term users of Imitrex tablets.\nArrhythmias\nLife-threatening disturbances of cardiac rhythm, including ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation leading to death, have been reported within a few hours following the administration of 5-HT1 agonists. Discontinue Imitrex tablets if these disturbances occur. Imitrex tablets are contraindicated in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome or arrhythmias associated with other cardiac accessory conduction pathway disorders.\nChest, Throat, Neck, and/or Jaw Pain/Tightness/Pressure\nSensations of tightness, pain, pressure, and heaviness in the precordium, throat, neck, and jaw commonly occur after treatment with Imitrex tablets and are usually non-cardiac in origin. However, perform a cardiac evaluation if these patients are at high cardiac risk. The use of Imitrex tablets is contraindicated in patients with CAD and those with Prinzmetal’s variant angina.\nCerebrovascular Events\nCerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and stroke have occurred in patients treated with 5-HT1 agonists, and some have resulted in fatalities. In a number of cases, it appears possible that the cerebrovascular events were primary, the 5-HT1 agonist having been administered in the incorrect belief that the symptoms experienced were a consequence of migraine when they were not. Also, patients with migraine may be at increased risk of certain cerebrovascular events (e.g., stroke, hemorrhage, TIA). Discontinue Imitrex tablets if a cerebrovascular event occurs.\nBefore treating headaches in patients not previously diagnosed as migraineurs, and in migraineurs who present with atypical symptoms, exclude other potentially serious neurological conditions. Imitrex tablets are contraindicated in patients with a history of stroke or TIA.\nOther Vasospasm Reactions\nImitrex tablets may cause non-coronary vasospastic reactions, such as peripheral vascular ischemia, gastrointestinal vascular ischemia and infarction (presenting with abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea), splenic infarction, and Raynaud’s syndrome. In patients who experience symptoms or signs suggestive of non-coronary vasospasm reaction following the use of any 5-HT1 agonist, rule out a vasospastic reaction before receiving additional Imitrex tablets.\nReports of transient and permanent blindness and significant partial vision loss have been reported with the use of 5‑HT1 agonists. Since visual disorders may be part of a migraine attack, a causal relationship between these events and the use of 5-HT1 agonists has not been clearly established.\nMedication Overuse Headache\nOveruse of acute migraine drugs (e.g., ergotamine, triptans, opioids, or combination of these drugs for 10 or more days per month) may lead to exacerbation of headache (medication overuse headache). Medication overuse headache may present as migraine-like daily headaches or as a marked increase in frequency of migraine attacks. Detoxification of patients, including withdrawal of the overused drugs, and treatment of withdrawal symptoms (which often includes a transient worsening of headache) may be necessary.\nSerotonin Syndrome\nSerotonin syndrome may occur with Imitrex tablets, particularly during coadministration with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), and MAO inhibitors [see Drug Interactions (7.4)]. Serotonin syndrome symptoms may include mental status changes (e.g., agitation, hallucinations, coma), autonomic instability (e.g., tachycardia, labile blood pressure, hyperthermia), neuromuscular aberrations (e.g., hyperreflexia, incoordination), and/or gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea). The onset of symptoms usually occurs within minutes to hours of receiving a new or a greater dose of a serotonergic medication. Discontinue Imitrex tablets if serotonin syndrome is suspected.\nIncrease in Blood Pressure\nSignificant elevation in blood pressure, including hypertensive crisis with acute impairment of organ systems, has been reported on rare occasions in patients treated with 5-HT1 agonists, including patients without a history of hypertension. Monitor blood pressure in patients treated with Imitrex. Imitrex tablets are contraindicated in patients with uncontrolled hypertension.\nAnaphylactic/Anaphylactoid Reactions\nAnaphylactic/anaphylactoid reactions have occurred in patients receiving Imitrex. Such reactions can be life threatening or fatal. In general, anaphylactic reactions to drugs are more likely to occur in individuals with a history of sensitivity to multiple allergens. Imitrex tablets are contraindicated in patients with a history of hypersensitivity reaction to Imitrex.\nSeizures\nSeizures have been reported following administration of Imitrex. Some have occurred in patients with either a history of seizures or concurrent conditions predisposing to seizures. There are also reports in patients where no such predisposing factors are apparent. Imitrex tablets should be used with caution in patients with a history of epilepsy or conditions associated with a lowered seizure threshold.\nAdverse Reactions\nThe following adverse reactions are discussed in more detail in other sections of the prescribing information:\n•\nMyocardial ischemia, myocardial infarction, and Prinzmetal’s angina [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)]\n•\nArrhythmias [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]\n•\nChest, throat, neck, and/or jaw pain/tightness/pressure [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)]\n•\nCerebrovascular events [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)]\n•\nOther vasospasm reactions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)]\n•\nMedication overuse headache [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)]\n•\nSerotonin syndrome [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7)]\n•\nIncrease in blood pressure [see Warnings and Precautions (5.8)]\n•\nHypersensitivity reactions [see Contraindications (4), Warnings and Precautions (5.9)]\n•\nSeizures [see Warnings and Precautions (5.10)]\nClinical Trials Experience\nBecause clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared with rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.\nTable 1 lists adverse reactions that occurred in placebo-controlled clinical trials in patients who took at least 1 dose of study drug. Only treatment-emergent adverse reactions that occurred at a frequency of 2% or more in any group treated with Imitrex tablets and that occurred at a frequency greater than the placebo group are included in Table 1.\nTable 1. Adverse Reactions Reported by at Least 2% of Patients Treated with Imitrex Tablets and at a Greater Frequency than Placebo\nAdverse Reaction\nPercent of Patients Reporting\nImitrex Tablets\n25 mg\n(n = 417)\nImitrex Tablets\n50 mg\n(n = 771)\nImitrex Tablets\n100 mg\n(n = 437)\nPlacebo\n(n = 309)\nAtypical sensations\n5\n6\n6\n4\nParesthesia (all types)\n3\n5\n3\n2\nSensation warm/cold\n3\n2\n3\n2\nPain and other pressure sensations\n6\n6\n8\n4\nChest - pain/tightness/\npressure and/or heaviness\n1\n2\n2\n1\nNeck/throat/jaw - pain/\ntightness/pressure\n<1\n2\n3\n<1\nPain - location specified\n2\n1\n1\n1\nOther - pressure/tightness/\nheaviness\n1\n1\n3\n2\nNeurological\nVertigo\n<1\n<1\n2\n<1\nOther\nMalaise/fatigue\n2\n2\n3\n<1\nThe incidence of adverse reactions in controlled clinical trials was not affected by gender or age of the patients. There were insufficient data to assess the impact of race on the incidence of adverse reactions.\nPostmarketing Experience\nThe following adverse reactions have been identified during postapproval use of Imitrex tablets, Imitrex nasal spray, and Imitrex injection. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. These reactions have been chosen for inclusion due to either their seriousness, frequency of reporting, or causal connection to Imitrex or a combination of these factors.\nCardiovascular\nHypotension, palpitations.\nNeurological\nDystonia, tremor.\nDrug Interactions\nErgot-Containing Drugs\nErgot-containing drugs have been reported to cause prolonged vasospastic reactions. Because these effects may be additive, use of ergotamine-containing or ergot-type medications (like dihydroergotamine or methysergide) and Imitrex tablets within 24 hours of each other is contraindicated.\nMonoamine Oxidase-A Inhibitors\nMAO‑A inhibitors increase systemic exposure by 7-fold. Therefore, the use of Imitrex tablets in patients receiving MAO‑A inhibitors is contraindicated [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].\nOther 5-HT1 Agonists\nBecause their vasospastic effects may be additive, coadministration of Imitrex tablets and other 5‑HT1 agonists (e.g., triptans) within 24 hours of each other is contraindicated.\nSelective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors/Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors and Serotonin Syndrome\nCases of serotonin syndrome have been reported during coadministration of triptans and SSRIs, SNRIs, TCAs, and MAO inhibitors [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7)].\nUSE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS\nPregnancy\nRisk Summary\nData from a prospective pregnancy exposure registry and epidemiological studies of pregnant women have not detected an increased frequency of birth defects or a consistent pattern of birth defects among women exposed to sumatriptan compared with the general population (see Data). In developmental toxicity studies in rats and rabbits, oral administration of sumatriptan to pregnant animals was associated with emb
yolethality, fetal abnormalities, and pup mortality. When administered by the intravenous route to pregnant rabbits, sumatriptan was embryolethal (see Data).\nIn the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and of miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively. The reported rate of major birth defects among deliveries to women with migraine ranged from 2.2% to 2.9% and the reported rate of miscarriage was 17%, which were similar to rates reported in women without migraine.\nClinical Considerations\nDisease-Associated Maternal and/or Embryo/Fetal Risk: Several studies have suggested that women with migraine may be at increased risk of preeclampsia during pregnancy.\nData\nHuman Data: The Sumatriptan/Naratriptan/Treximet (sumatriptan and naproxen sodium) Pregnancy Registry, a population-based international prospective study, collected data for sumatriptan from January 1996 to September 2012. The Registry documented outcomes of 626 infants and fetuses exposed to sumatriptan during pregnancy (528 with earliest exposure during the first trimester, 78 during the second trimester, 16 during the third trimester, and 4 unknown). The occurrence of major birth defects (excluding fetal deaths and induced abortions without reported defects and all spontaneous pregnancy losses) during first-trimester exposure to sumatriptan was 4.2% (20/478 [95% CI: 2.6% to 6.5%]) and during any trimester of exposure was 4.2% (24/576 [95% CI: 2.7% to 6.2%]). The sample size in this study had 80% power to detect at least a 1.73- to 1.91-fold increase in the rate of major malformations. The number of exposed pregnancy outcomes accumulated during the registry was insufficient to support definitive conclusions about overall malformation risk or for making comparisons of the frequencies of specific birth defects. Of the 20 infants with reported birth defects after exposure to sumatriptan in the first trimester, 4 infants had ventricular septal defects, including one infant who was exposed to both sumatriptan and naratriptan, and 3 infants had pyloric stenosis. No other birth defect was reported for more than 2 infants in this group.\nIn a study using data from the Swedish Medical Birth Register, live births to women who reported using triptans or ergots during pregnancy were compared with those of women who did not. Of the 2,257 births with first-trimester exposure to sumatriptan, 107 infants were born with malformations (relative risk 0.99 [95% CI: 0.91 to 1.21]). A study using linked data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway to the Norwegian Prescription Database compared pregnancy outcomes in women who redeemed prescriptions for triptans during pregnancy, as well as a migraine disease comparison group who redeemed prescriptions for sumatriptan before pregnancy only, compared with a population control group. Of the 415 women who redeemed prescriptions for sumatriptan during the first trimester, 15 had infants with major congenital malformations (OR 1.16 [95% CI: 0.69 to 1.94]) while for the 364 women who redeemed prescriptions for sumatriptan before, but not during, pregnancy, 20 had infants with major congenital malformations (OR 1.83 [95% CI: 1.17 to 2.88]), each compared with the population comparison group. Additional smaller observational studies evaluating use of sumatriptan during pregnancy have not suggested an increased risk of teratogenicity.\nAnimal Data: Oral administration of sumatriptan to pregnant rats during the period of organogenesis resulted in an increased incidence of fetal blood vessel (cervicothoracic and umbilical) abnormalities. The highest no-effect dose for embryofetal developmental toxicity in rats was 60 mg/kg/day, or approximately 3 times the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) of 200 mg/day on a mg/m2 basis. Oral administration of sumatriptan to pregnant rabbits during the period of organogenesis resulted in increased incidences of embryolethality and fetal cervicothoracic vascular and skeletal abnormalities. Intravenous administration of sumatriptan to pregnant rabbits during the period of organogenesis resulted in an increased incidence of embryolethality. The highest oral and intravenous no-effect doses for developmental toxicity in rabbits were 15 (approximately 2 times the MRHD on a mg/m2 basis) and 0.75 mg/kg/day, respectively.\nOral administration of sumatriptan to rats prior to and throughout gestation resulted in embryofetal toxicity (decreased body weight, decreased ossification, increased incidence of skeletal abnormalities). The highest no-effect dose was 50 mg/kg/day, or approximately 2 times the MRHD on a mg/m2 basis. In offspring of pregnant rats treated orally with sumatriptan during organogenesis, there was a decrease in pup survival. The highest no-effect dose for this effect was 60 mg/kg/day, or approximately 3 times the MRHD on a mg/m2 basis. Oral treatment of pregnant rats with sumatriptan during the latter part of gestation and throughout lactation resulted in a decrease in pup survival. The highest no-effect dose for this finding was 100 mg/kg/day, or approximately 5 times the MRHD on a mg/m2 basis.\nLactation\nRisk Summary\nSumatriptan is excreted in human milk following subcutaneous administration (see Data). There is no information regarding sumatriptan concentrations in milk from lactating women following administration of Imitrex tablets. There are no data on the effects of sumatriptan on the breastfed infant or the effects of sumatriptan on milk production.\nThe developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother’s clinical need for Imitrex tablets and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed infant from sumatriptan or from the underlying maternal condition.\nClinical Considerations\nInfant exposure to sumatriptan can be minimized by avoiding breastfeeding for 12 hours after treatment with Imitrex tablets.\nData\nFollowing subcutaneous administration of a 6-mg dose of Imitrex injection in 5 lactating volunteers, sumatriptan was present in milk.\nPediatric Use\nSafety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been established. Imitrex tablets are not recommended for use in patients younger than 18 years of age.\nTwo controlled clinical trials evaluated Imitrex nasal spray (5 to 20 mg) in 1,248 adolescent migraineurs aged 12 to 17 years who treated a single attack. The trials did not establish the efficacy of Imitrex nasal spray compared with placebo in the treatment of migraine in adolescents. Adverse reactions observed in these clinical trials were similar in nature to those reported in clinical trials in adults.\nFive controlled clinical trials (2 single-attack trials, 3 multiple-attack trials) evaluating oral Imitrex (25 to 100 mg) in pediatric patients aged 12 to 17 years enrolled a total of 701 adolescent migraineurs. These trials did not establish the efficacy of oral Imitrex compared with placebo in the treatment of migraine in adolescents. Adverse reactions observed in these clinical trials were similar in nature to those reported in clinical trials in adults. The frequency of all adverse reactions in these patients appeared to be both dose- and age‑dependent, with younger patients reporting reactions more commonly than older adolescents.\nPostmarketing experience documents that serious adverse reactions have occurred in the pediatric population after use of subcutaneous, oral, and/or intranasal Imitrex. These reports include reactions similar in nature to those reported rarely in adults, including stroke, visual loss, and death. A myocardial infarction has been reported in a 14‑year‑old male following the use of oral Imitrex; clinical signs occurred within 1 day of drug administration. Clinical data to determine the frequency of serious adverse reactions in pediatric patients who might receive subcutaneous, oral, or intranasal Imitrex are not presently available.\nGeriatric Use\nClinical trials of Imitrex tablets did not include sufficient numbers of patients aged 65 and older to determine whether they respond differently from younger patients. Other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients. In general, dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy.\nA cardiovascular evaluation is recommended for geriatric patients who have other cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., diabetes, hypertension, smoking, obesity, strong family history of CAD) prior to receiving Imitrex tablets [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].\nHepatic Impairment\nThe maximum single dose in patients with mild to moderate hepatic impairment should not exceed 50 mg. Imitrex tablets are contraindicated in patients with severe hepatic impairment [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].\nOverdosage\nPatients in clinical trials (N = 670) received single oral doses of 140 to 300 mg without significant adverse reactions. Volunteers (N = 174) received single oral doses of 140 to 400 mg without serious adverse reactions.\nOverdose in animals has been fatal and has been heralded by convulsions, tremor, paralysis, inactivity, ptosis, erythema of the extremities, abnormal respiration, cyanosis, ataxia, mydriasis, salivation, and lacrimation.\nThe elimination half-life of sumatriptan is approximately 2.5 hours [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)], and therefore monitoring of patients after overdose with Imitrex tablets should continue for at least 12 hours or while symptoms or signs persist.\nIt is unknown what effect hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis has on the serum concentrations of sumatriptan.\nImitrex Description\nImitrex tablets contain sumatriptan succinate, a selective 5‑HT1B/1D receptor agonist. Sumatriptan succinate is chemically designated as 3-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-N-methyl-indole-5-methanesulfonamide succinate (1:1), and it has the following structure:\nThe empirical formula is C14H21N3O2S•C4H6O4, representing a molecular weight of 413.5. Sumatriptan succinate is a white to off‑white powder that is readily soluble in water and in saline.\nEach Imitrex tablet for oral administration contains 35, 70, or 140 mg of sumatriptan succinate equivalent to 25, 50, or 100 mg of sumatriptan, respectively. Each tablet also contains the inactive ingredients croscarmellose sodium, dibasic calcium phosphate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, and sodium bicarbonate. Each 100-mg tablet also contains hypromellose, iron oxide, titanium dioxide, and triacetin.\nImitrex - Clinical Pharmacology\nMechanism of Action\nSumatriptan binds with high affinity to human cloned 5‑HT1B/1D receptors. Sumatriptan presumably exerts its therapeutic effects in the treatment of migraine headache through agonist effects at the 5‑HT1B/1D receptors on intracranial blood vessels and sensory nerves of the trigeminal system, which result in cranial vessel constriction and inhibition of pro‑inflammatory neuropeptide release.\nPharmacodynamics\nBlood Pressure\nSignificant elevation in blood pressure, including hypertensive crisis, has been reported in patients with and without a history of hypertension [see Warnings and Precautions (5.8)].\nPeripheral (Small) Arteries\nIn healthy volunteers (N = 18), a trial evaluating the effects of sumatriptan on peripheral (small vessel) arterial reactivity failed to detect a clinically significant increase in peripheral resistance.\nHeart Rate\nTransient increases in blood pressure observed in some patients in clinical trials carried out during sumatriptan’s development as a treatment for migraine were not accompanied by any clinically significant changes in heart rate.\nPharmacokinetics\nAbsorption\nThe mean maximum concentration following oral dosing with 25 mg is 18 ng/mL (range: 7 to 47 ng/mL) and 51 ng/mL (range: 28 to 100 ng/mL) following oral dosing with 100 mg of sumatriptan. This compares with a Cmax of 5 and 16 ng/mL following dosing with a 5- and 20‑mg intranasal dose, respectively. The mean Cmax following a 6‑mg subcutaneous injection is 71 ng/mL (range: 49 to 110 ng/mL). The bioavailability is approximately 15%, primarily due to presystemic metabolism and partly due to incomplete absorption. The Cmax is similar during a migraine attack and during a migraine‑free period, but the Tmax is slightly later during the attack, approximately 2.5 hours compared with 2.0 hours. When given as a single dose, sumatriptan displays dose proportionality in its extent of absorption (area under the curve [AUC]) over the dose range of 25 to 200 mg, but the Cmax after 100 mg is approximately 25% less than expected (based on the 25‑mg dose).\nEffect of Food: A food effect trial involving administration of Imitrex tablets 100 mg to healthy volunteers under fasting conditions and with a high‑fat meal indicated that the Cmax and AUC were increased by 15% and 12%, respectively, when administered in the fed state.\nDistribution\nProtein binding, determined by equilibrium dialysis over the concentration range of 10 to 1,000 ng/mL is low, approximately 14% to 21%. The effect of sumatriptan on the protein binding of other drugs has not been evaluated. The apparent volume of distribution is 2.7 L/kg.\nMetabolism\nIn vitro studies with human microsomes suggest that sumatriptan is metabolized by MAO, predominantly the A isoenzyme. Most of a radiolabeled dose of sumatriptan excreted in the urine is the major metabolite indole acetic acid (IAA) or the IAA glucuronide, both of which are inactive.\nElimination\nThe elimination half-life of sumatriptan is approximately 2.5 hours. Radiolabeled 14C-sumatriptan administered orally is largely renally excreted (about 60%) with about 40% found in the feces. Most of the radiolabeled compound excreted in the urine is the major metabolite, IAA, which is inactive, or the IAA glucuronide. Only 3% of the dose can be recovered as unchanged sumatriptan.\nSpecific Populations\nAge: The pharmacokinetics of sumatriptan in the elderly (mean age: 72 years, 2 males and 4 females) and in subjects with migraine (mean age: 38 years, 25 males and 155 females) were similar to that in healthy male subjects (mean age: 30 years).\nPatients with Renal Impairment: The effect of renal impairment on the pharmacokinetics of sumatriptan has not been examined.\nPatients with Hepatic Impairment: The liver plays an important role in the presystemic clearance of orally administered sumatriptan. Accordingly, the bioavailability of sumatriptan following oral administration may be markedly increased in patients with liver disease. In one small trial of patients with moderate liver impairment (n = 8) matched for sex, age, and weight with healthy subjects (n = 8), the hepatically-impaired patients had an approximately 70% increase in AUC and Cmax and a Tmax 40 minutes earlier compared with the healthy subjects.\nThe pharmacokinetics of sumatriptan in patients with severe hepatic impairment has not been studied. The use of Imitrex tablets in this population is contraindicated [see Contraindications (4), Use in Specific Populations (8.6)].\nMale and Female Patients: In a trial comparing females to males, no pharmacokinetic differences were observed between genders for AUC, Cmax, Tmax, and half‑life.\nRacial Groups: The systemic clearance and Cmax of subcutaneous sumatriptan were similar in black (n = 34) and Caucasian (n = 38) healthy male subjects. Oral sumatriptan has not been evaluated for race differences.\nDrug Interaction Studies\nMonoamine Oxidase-A Inhibitors: Treatment with MAO-A inhibitors generally leads to an increase of sumatriptan plasma levels [see Contraindications (4), Drug Interactions (7.2)].\nDue to gut and hepatic metabolic first-pass effects, the increase of systemic exposure after coadministration of an MAO-A inhibitor with oral sumatriptan is greater than after coadministration of the MAO inhibitors with subcutaneous sumatriptan.\nIn a trial of 14 healthy females, pretreatment with an MAO-A inhibitor decreased the clearance of subcutaneous sumatriptan, resulting in a 2-fold increase in the area under the sumatriptan plasma concentration-time cur
e (AUC), corresponding to a 40% increase in elimination half-life.\nA small trial evaluating the effect of pretreatment with an MAO-A inhibitor on the bioavailability from a 25-mg oral sumatriptan tablet resulted in an approximately 7-fold increase in systemic exposure.\nAlcohol: Alcohol consumed 30 minutes prior to sumatriptan ingestion had no effect on the pharmacokinetics of sumatriptan.\nNonclinical Toxicology\nCarcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility\nCarcinogenesis\nIn carcinogenicity studies in mouse and rat, sumatriptan was administered orally for 78 and 104 weeks, respectively, at doses up to 160 mg/kg/day (the high dose in rat was reduced from 360 mg/kg/day during Week 21). There was no evidence in either species of an increase in tumors related to sumatriptan administration. Plasma exposures (AUC) at the highest doses tested were 20 and 8 times that in humans at the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) of 200 mg/day.\nMutagenesis\nSumatriptan was negative in in vitro(bacterial reverse mutation [Ames], gene cell mutation in Chinese hamster V79/HGPRT, chromosomal aberration in human lymphocytes) and in vivo (rat micronucleus) assays.\nImpairment of Fertility\nWhen sumatriptan (5, 50, 500 mg/kg/day) was administered orally to male and female rats prior to and throughout the mating period, there was a treatment-related decrease in fertility secondary to a decrease in mating in animals treated with doses greater than 5 mg/kg/day (less than the MRHD on a mg/m2 basis). It is not clear whether this finding was due to an effect on males or females or both.\nWhen sumatriptan was administered by subcutaneous injection to male and female rats prior to and throughout the mating period, there was no evidence of impaired fertility at doses up to 60 mg/kg/day.\nAnimal Toxicology and/or Pharmacology\nCorneal Opacities\nDogs receiving oral sumatriptan developed corneal opacities and defects in the corneal epithelium. Corneal opacities were seen at the lowest dose tested, 2 mg/kg/day, and were present after 1 month of treatment. Defects in the corneal epithelium were noted in a 60‑week study. Earlier examinations for these toxicities were not conducted and no‑effect doses were not established. Plasma exposure at the lowest dose tested was approximately 2 times that in humans at the MRHD.\nClinical Studies\nThe efficacy of Imitrex tablets in the acute treatment of migraine headaches was demonstrated in 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials. Patients enrolled in these 3 trials were predominately female (87%) and Caucasian (97%), with a mean age of 40 years (range: 18 to 65 years). Patients were instructed to treat a moderate to severe headache. Headache response, defined as a reduction in headache severity from moderate or severe pain to mild or no pain, was assessed up to 4 hours after dosing. Associated symptoms such as nausea, photophobia, and phonophobia were also assessed. Maintenance of response was assessed for up to 24 hours postdose. A second dose of Imitrex tablets or other medication was allowed 4 to 24 hours after the initial treatment for recurrent headache. Acetaminophen was offered to patients in Trials 2 and 3 beginning at 2 hours after initial treatment if the migraine pain had not improved or had worsened. Additional medications were allowed 4 to 24 hours after the initial treatment for recurrent headache or as rescue in all 3 trials. The frequency and time to use of these additional treatments were also determined. In all trials, doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg were compared with placebo in the treatment of migraine attacks. In 1 trial, doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg were also compared with each other.\nIn all 3 trials, the percentage of patients achieving headache response 2 and 4 hours after treatment was significantly greater among patients receiving Imitrex tablets at all doses compared with those who received placebo. In 1 of the 3 trials, there was a statistically significant greater percentage of patients with headache response at 2 and 4 hours in the 50-mg or 100-mg group when compared with the 25-mg dose groups. There were no statistically significant differences between the 50-mg and 100-mg dose groups in any trial. The results from the 3 controlled clinical trials are summarized in Table 2.\nTable 2. Percentage of Patients with Headache Response (Mild or No Headache) 2 and 4 Hours following Treatment\nImitrex Tablets\n25 mg\nImitrex Tablets\n50 mg\nImitrex Tablets\n100 mg\nPlacebo\n2 h\n4 h\n2 h\n4 h\n2 h\n4 h\n2 h\n4 h\nTrial 1\n52%a\n67%a\n61%a,b\n78%a,b\n62%a,b\n79%a,b\n27%\n38%\n(n = 298)\n(n = 296)\n(n = 296)\n(n = 94)\nTrial 2\n52%a\n70%a\n50%a\n68%a\n56%a\n71%a\n26%\n38%\n(n = 66)\n(n = 62)\n(n = 66)\n(n = 65)\nTrial 3\n52%a\n65%a\n54%a\n72%a\n57%a\n78%a\n17%\n19%\n(n = 48)\n(n = 46)\n(n = 46)\n(n = 47)\naP <0.05 in comparison with placebo.\nbP <0.05 in comparison with 25 mg.\nThe estimated probability of achieving an initial headache response over the 4 hours following treatment in pooled Trials 1, 2, and 3 is depicted in Figure 1.\nFigure 1. Estimated Probability of Achieving Initial Headache Response within 4 Hours of Treatment in Pooled Trials 1, 2, and 3a\na The figure shows the probability over time of obtaining headache response (no or mild pain) following treatment with oral sumatriptan. The averages displayed are based on pooled data from the 3 clinical controlled trials providing evidence of efficacy. Kaplan‑ Meier plot with patients not achieving response and/or taking rescue within 240 minutes censored to 240 minutes.\nFor patients with migraine-associated nausea, photophobia, and/or phonophobia at baseline, there was a lower incidence of these symptoms at 2 hours (Trial 1) and at 4 hours (Trials 1, 2, and 3) following administration of Imitrex tablets compared with placebo.\nAs early as 2 hours in Trials 2 and 3, or as early as 4 hours in Trial 1, through 24 hours following the initial dose of study treatment, patients were allowed to use additional treatment for pain relief in the form of a second dose of study treatment or other medication. The estimated probability of patients taking a second dose or other medication for migraine over the 24 hours following the initial dose of study treatment is summarized in Figure 2.\nFigure 2. The Estimated Probability of Patients Taking a Second Dose of Imitrex Tablets or Other Medication to Treat Migraine over the 24 Hours following the Initial Dose of Study Treatment in Pooled Trials 1, 2, and 3a\na Kaplan‑ Meier plot based on data obtained in the 3 clinical controlled trials providing evidence of efficacy with patients not using additional treatments censored to 24 hours. Plot also includes patients who had no response to the initial dose. No remedication was allowed within 2 hours postdose.\nThere is evidence that doses above 50 mg do not provide a greater effect than 50 mg. There was no evidence to suggest that treatment with Imitrex tablets was associated with an increase in the severity of recurrent headaches. The efficacy of Imitrex tablets was unaffected by presence of aura; duration of headache prior to treatment; gender, age, or weight of the subject; relationship to menses; or concomitant use of common migraine prophylactic drugs (e.g., beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, tricyclic antidepressants). There were insufficient data to assess the impact of race on efficacy.\nHow Supplied/Storage and Handling\nImitrex tablets, 25 mg, 50 mg, and 100 mg of sumatriptan (base) as the succinate.\nImitrex tablets, 25 mg, are white, triangular‑shaped, film‑coated tablets debossed with “I” on one side and “25” on the other in blister packs of 9 tablets (NDC 0173-0735-00).\nImitrex tablets, 50 mg, are white, triangular‑shaped, film‑coated tablets debossed with “Imitrex 50” on one side and a chevron shape (^) on the other in blister packs of 9 tablets (NDC 0173-0736-01).\nImitrex tablets, 100 mg, are pink, triangular‑shaped, film‑coated tablets debossed with “Imitrex 100” on one side and a chevron shape (^) on the other in blister packs of 9 tablets (NDC 0173-0737-01).\nStore between 2°C and 30°C (36°F and 86°F).\nPatient Counseling Information\nAdvise the patient to read the FDA-approved patient labeling (Patient Information).\nRisk of Myocardial Ischemia and/or Infarction, Prinzmetal’s Angina, Other Vasospasm-Related Events, Arrhythmias, and Cerebrovascular Events\nInform patients that Imitrex tablets may cause serious cardiovascular side effects such as myocardial infarction or stroke. Although serious cardiovascular events can occur without warning symptoms, patients should be alert for the signs and symptoms of chest pain, shortness of breath, irregular heartbeat, significant rise in blood pressure, weakness, and slurring of speech, and should ask for medical advice if any indicative sign or symptoms are observed. Apprise patients of the importance of this follow-up [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1, 5.2, 5.4, 5.5, 5.8)].\nAnaphylactic/Anaphylactoid Reactions\nInform patients that anaphylactic/anaphylactoid reactions have occurred in patients receiving Imitrex tablets. Such reactions can be life threatening or fatal. In general, anaphylactic reactions to drugs are more likely to occur in individuals with a history of sensitivity to multiple allergens [see Contraindications (4), Warnings and Precautions (5.9)].\nConcomitant Use with Other Triptans or Ergot Medications\nInform patients that use of Imitrex tablets within 24 hours of another triptan or an ergot-type medication (including dihydroergotamine or methysergide) is contraindicated [see Contraindications (4), Drug Interactions (7.1, 7.3)].\nSerotonin Syndrome\nCaution patients about the risk of serotonin syndrome with the use of Imitrex tablets or other triptans, particularly during combined use with SSRIs, SNRIs, TCAs, and MAO inhibitors [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7), Drug Interactions (7.4)].\nMedication Overuse Headache\nInform patients that use of acute migraine drugs for 10 or more days per month may lead to an exacerbation of headache and encourage patients to record headache frequency and drug use (e.g., by keeping a headache diary) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)].\nPregnancy\nAdvise patients to notify their healthcare provider if they become pregnant during treatment or plan to become pregnant [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1)].\nLactation\nAdvise patients to notify their healthcare provider if they are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed [see Use in Specific Populations (8.2)].\nAbility to Perform Complex Tasks\nTreatment with Imitrex tablets may cause somnolence and dizziness; instruct patients to evaluate their ability to perform complex tasks after administration of Imitrex tablets.\nTrademark is owned by or licensed to the GSK group of companies.\nGlaxoSmithKline\nResearch Triangle Park, NC 27709\n©2017 GSK group of companies or its licensor.\nIMT:5PI\nPatient Information\nImitrex (IM-i-trex)\n(sumatriptan succinate)\ntablets\nWhat is the most important information I should know about Imitrex?\nImitrex can cause serious side effects, including:\nHeart attack and other heart problems. Heart problems may lead to death.\nStop taking Imitrex and get emergency medical help right away if you have any of the following symptoms of a heart attack:\n•\ndiscomfort in the center of your chest that lasts for more than a few minutes, or that goes away and comes back\n•\nsevere tightness, pain, pressure, or heaviness in your chest, throat, neck, or jaw\n•\npain or discomfort in your arms, back, neck, jaw, or stomach\n•\nshortness of breath with or without chest discomfort\n•\nbreaking out in a cold sweat\n•\nnausea or vomiting\n•\nfeeling lightheaded\nImitrex is not for people with risk factors for heart disease unless a heart exam is done and shows no problem. You have a higher risk for heart disease if you:\n•\nhave high blood pressure\n•\nhave high cholesterol levels\n•\nsmoke\n•\nare overweight\n•\nhave diabetes\n•\nhave a family history of heart disease\nWhat is Imitrex?\nImitrex is a prescription medicine used to treat acute migraine headaches with or without aura in adults.\nImitrex is not used to treat other types of headaches such as hemiplegic (that make you unable to move on one side of your body) or basilar (rare form of migraine with aura) migraines.\nImitrex is not used to prevent or decrease the number of migraine headaches you have.\nIt is not known if Imitrex is safe and effective to treat cluster headaches.\nIt is not known if Imitrex is safe and effective in children under 18 years of age.\nDo not take Imitrex if you have:\n•\nheart problems or a history of heart problems\n•\nnarrowing of blood vessels to your legs, arms, stomach, or kidneys (peripheral vascular disease)\n•\nuncontrolled high blood pressure\n•\nsevere liver problems\n•\nhemiplegic migraines or basilar migraines. If you are not sure if you have these types of migraines, ask your healthcare provider.\n•\nhad a stroke, transient ischemic attacks (TIAs), or problems with your blood circulation\n•\ntaken any of the following medicines in the last 24 hours:\no\nalmotriptan (AXERT)\no\nfrovatriptan (FROVA)\no\nrizatriptan (MAXALT, MAXALT-MLT)\no\nergotamines (CAFERGOT, ERGOMAR, MIGERGOT)\no\neletriptan (RELPAX)\no\nnaratriptan (AMERGE)\no\nsumatriptan and naproxen (TREXIMET)\no\ndihydroergotamine (D.H.E. 45, MIGRANAL)\nAsk your healthcare provider if you are not sure if your medicine is listed above.\n•\nan allergy to sumatriptan or any of the ingredients in Imitrex. See the end of this leaflet for a complete list of ingredients in Imitrex.\nBefore you take Imitrex, tell your healthcare provider about all of your medical conditions, including if you:\n•\nhave high blood pressure.\n•\nhave high cholesterol.\n•\nhave diabetes.\n•\nsmoke.\n•\nare overweight.\n•\nhave heart problems or family history of heart problems or stroke.\n•\nhave kidney problems.\n•\nhave liver problems.\n•\nhave had epilepsy or seizures.\n•\nare not using effective birth control.\n•\nare pregnant or plan to become pregnant. It is not known if Imitrex can harm your unborn baby.\n•\nare breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. Imitrex passes into your breast milk. It is not known if this can harm your baby. Talk with your healthcare provider about the best way to feed your baby if you take Imitrex.\nTell your healthcare provider about all the medicines you take, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements.\nImitrex and certain other medicines can affect each other, causing serious side effects.\nEspecially tell your healthcare provider if you take antidepressant medicines called:\n•\nselective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)\n•\nserotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)\n•\ntricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)\n•\nmonoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)\nAsk your healthcare provider or pharmacist for a list of these medicines if you are not sure.\nKnow the medicines you take. Keep a list of them to show your healthcare provider or pharmacist when you get a new medicine.\nHow should I take Imitrex?\n•\nCertain people should take their first dose of Imitrex in their healthcare provider’s office or in another medical setting. Ask your healthcare provider if you should take your first dose in a medical setting.\n•\nTake Imitrex exactly as your healthcare provider tells you to take it.\n•\nYour healthcare provider may change your dose. Do not change your dose without first talking to your healthcare provider.\n•\nTake Imitrex tablets whole with water or other liquids.\n•\nIf you do not get any relief after your first tablet, do not take a second tablet without first talking with your healthcare provider.\n•\nIf your headache comes back or you only get some relief from your headache, you can take a second tablet 2 hours after the first tablet.\n•\nDo not take more than 200 mg of Imitrex tablets in a 24‑hour period.\n•\nIf you take too much Imitrex, call your healthcare provider or go to the nearest hospital emergency room right away.\n•\nYou should write down when you have headaches and when you take Imitrex so you can talk with your healthcare provider about how Imitrex is working for you.\nWhat should I avoid while taking Imitrex?\nImitrex can cause dizziness, weakness, or drowsin
ss. If you have these symptoms, do not drive a car, use machinery, or do anything where you need to be alert.\nWhat are the possible side effects of Imitrex?\nImitrex may cause serious side effects. See “What is the most important information I should know about Imitrex?”\nThese serious side effects include:\n•\nchanges in color or sensation in your fingers and toes (Raynaud’s syndrome)\n•\nstomach and intestinal problems (gastrointestinal and colonic ischemic events). Symptoms of gastrointestinal and colonic ischemic events include:\no\nsudden or severe stomach pain\no\nstomach pain after meals\no\nweight loss\no\nfever\no\nnausea or vomiting\no\nconstipation or diarrhea\no\nbloody diarrhea\n•\nproblems with blood circulation to your legs and feet (peripheral vascular ischemia). Symptoms of peripheral vascular ischemia include:\no\ncramping and pain in your legs or hips\no\nfeeling of heaviness or tightness in your leg muscles\no\nburning or aching pain in your feet or toes while resting\no\nnumbness, tingling, or weakness in your legs\no\ncold feeling or color changes in 1 or both legs or feet\n•\nmedication overuse headaches. Some people who use too many Imitrex tablets may have worse headaches (medication overuse headache). If your headaches get worse, your healthcare provider may decide to stop your treatment with Imitrex.\n•\nserotonin syndrome. Serotonin syndrome is a rare but serious problem that can happen in people using Imitrex, especially if Imitrex is used with anti-depressant medicines called SSRIs or SNRIs.\nCall your healthcare provider right away if you have any of the following symptoms of serotonin syndrome:\no\nmental changes such as seeing things that are not there (hallucinations), agitation, or coma\no\nfast heartbeat\no\nchanges in blood pressure\no\nhigh body temperature\no\ntight muscles\no\ntrouble walking\n•\nhives (itchy bumps); swelling of your tongue, mouth, or throat.\n•\nseizures. Seizures have happened in people taking Imitrex who have never had seizures before. Talk with your healthcare provider about your chance of having seizures while you take Imitrex.\nThe most common side effects of Imitrex tablets include:\n•\ntingling or numbness in your fingers or toes\n•\nwarm or cold feeling\n•\nfeeling weak, drowsy, or tired\n•\npain, discomfort, or stiffness in your neck, throat, jaw, or chest\n•\ndizziness\nTell your healthcare provider if you have any side effect that bothers you or that does not go away.\nThese are not all the possible side effects of Imitrex. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.\nHow should I store Imitrex Tablets?\nStore Imitrex between 36°F to 86°F (2°C to 30°C).\nKeep Imitrex and all medicines out of the reach of children.\nGeneral information about the safe and effective use of Imitrex.\nMedicines are sometimes prescribed for purposes other than those listed in Patient Information leaflets. Do not use Imitrex for a condition for which it was not prescribed. Do not give Imitrex to other people, even if they have the same symptoms you have. It may harm them.\nThis Patient Information leaflet summarizes the most important information about Imitrex. If you would like more information, talk with your healthcare provider. You can ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist for information about Imitrex that is written for healthcare professionals.\nFor more information, go to www.gsk.com or call 1-888-825-5249.\nWhat are the ingredients in Imitrex Tablets?\nActive ingredient: sumatriptan succinate\nInactive ingredients: croscarmellose sodium, dibasic calcium phosphate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, and sodium bicarbonate\n100‑mg tablets also contain hypromellose, iron oxide, titanium dioxide, and triacetin.\nImitrex and AMERGE are trademarks owned by or licensed to the GSK group of companies. The other brands listed are trademarks owned by or licensed to their respective owners and are not owned by or licensed to the GSK group of companies. The makers of these brands are not affiliated with and do not endorse the GSK group of companies or its products.\nGlaxoSmithKline\nResearch Triangle Park, NC 27709\n©2017 GSK group of companies or its licensor.\nIMT:5PIL\nThis Patient Information has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Revised December 2017\nPRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL\nNDC 0173-0735-00\nImitrex®\n(SUMATRIPTAN SUCCINATE)\nTABLETS\n25 mg\nRx only\nEach tablet contains sumatriptan succinate equivalent to 25 mg of sumatriptan.\n9 Tablets\nDo not use if package is torn or broken or if you receive fewer tablets than your doctor prescribed.\nMade in Canada\n©2017 the GSK group of companies.\n546544-01 Rev. 11/17\nPRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL\nNDC 0173-0736-01\nImitrex®\n(SUMATRIPTAN SUCCINATE)\nTABLETS\n50 mg\nRx only\nEach tablet contains sumatriptan succinate equivalent to 50 mg of sumatriptan.\n9 Tablets\nDo not use if package is torn or broken or if you receive fewer tablets than your doctor prescribed.\nMade in Canada\n©2017 the GSK group of companies.\n546545-01 Rev. 11/17\nPRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL\nNDC 0173-0737-01\nImitrex®\n(SUMATRIPTAN SUCCINATE)\nTABLETS\n100 mg\nRx only\nEach tablet contains sumatriptan succinate equivalent to 100 mg of sumatriptan.\n9 Tablets\nDo not use if package is torn or broken or if you receive fewer tablets than your doctor prescribed.\nMade in Canada\n©2017 the GSK group of companies.\n546546-01 Rev. 11/17\nImitrex\nsumatriptan succinate tablet, film coated\nProduct Information\nProduct Type HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL Item Code (Source) NDC:0173-0735\nRoute of Administration ORAL DEA Schedule\nActive Ingredient/Active Moiety\nIngredient Name Basis of Strength Strength\nSUMATRIPTAN SUCCINATE (SUMATRIPTAN) SUMATRIPTAN 25 mg\nInactive Ingredients\nIngredient Name Strength\nCROSCARMELLOSE SODIUM\nANHYDROUS DIBASIC CALCIUM PHOSPHATE\nMAGNESIUM STEARATE\nMICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE\nSODIUM BICARBONATE\nProduct Characteristics\nColor WHITE Score no score\nShape TRIANGLE (triangular-shaped) Size 9mm\nFlavor Imprint Code I;25\nContains\nPackaging\n# Item Code Package Description\n1 NDC:0173-0735-00 1 CARTON in 1 CARTON\n1 1 BLISTER PACK in 1 CARTON\n1 9 TABLET, FILM COATED in 1 BLISTER PACK\nMarketing Information\nMarketing Category Application Number or Monograph Citation Marketing Start Date Marketing End Date\nNDA NDA020132 12/17/2003\nImitrex\nsumatriptan succinate tablet, film coated\nProduct Information\nProduct Type HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL Item Code (Source) NDC:0173-0736\nRoute of Administration ORAL DEA Schedule\nActive Ingredient/Active Moiety\nIngredient Name Basis of Strength Strength\nSUMATRIPTAN SUCCINATE (SUMATRIPTAN) SUMATRIPTAN 50 mg\nInactive Ingredients\nIngredient Name Strength\nCROSCARMELLOSE SODIUM\nANHYDROUS DIBASIC CALCIUM PHOSPHATE\nMAGNESIUM STEARATE\nMICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE\nSODIUM BICARBONATE\nProduct Characteristics\nColor WHITE Score no score\nShape TRIANGLE (triangular-shaped) Size 11mm\nFlavor Imprint Code Imitrex;50\nContains\nPackaging\n# Item Code Package Description\n1 NDC:0173-0736-01 1 CARTON in 1 CARTON\n1 1 BLISTER PACK in 1 CARTON\n1 9 TABLET, FILM COATED in 1 BLISTER PACK\nMarketing Information\nMarketing Category Application Number or Monograph Citation Marketing Start Date Marketing End Date\nNDA NDA020132 12/17/2003\nImitrex\nsumatriptan succinate tablet, film coated\nProduct Information\nProduct Type HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL Item Code (Source) NDC:0173-0737\nRoute of Administration ORAL DEA Schedule\nActive Ingredient/Active Moiety\nIngredient Name Basis of Strength Strength\nSUMATRIPTAN SUCCINATE (SUMATRIPTAN) SUMATRIPTAN 100 mg\nInactive Ingredients\nIngredient Name Strength\nCROSCARMELLOSE SODIUM\nANHYDROUS DIBASIC CALCIUM PHOSPHATE\nMAGNESIUM STEARATE\nMICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE\nSODIUM BICARBONATE\nHYPROMELLOSE, UNSPECIFIED\nTITANIUM DIOXIDE\nTRIACETIN\nProduct Characteristics\nColor PINK Score no score\nShape TRIANGLE (triangular-shaped) Size 11mm\nFlavor Imprint Code Imitrex;100\nContains\nPackaging\n# Item Code Package Description\n1 NDC:0173-0737-01 1 CARTON in 1 CARTON\n1 1 BLISTER PACK in 1 CARTON\n1 9 TABLET, FILM COATED in 1 BLISTER PACK\nMarketing Information\nMarketing Category Application Number or Monograph Citation Marketing Start Date Marketing End Date\nNDA NDA020132 12/19/2003\nLabeler - GlaxoSmithKline LLC (167380711)\nGlaxoSmithKline LLC\nRelated questions\nWhat are the brands of sumatriptan?\nMedical Disclaimer\nNext → Interactions\nPrint this page Add to My Med List\nMore about Imitrex (sumatriptan)\nSide Effects\nDuring Pregnancy or Breastfeeding\nDosage Information\nDrug Images\nDrug Interactions\nCompare Alternatives\nSupport Group\nPricing & Coupons\n167 Reviews\nGeneric Availability\nDrug class: antimigraine agents\nFDA Alerts (1)\nConsumer resources\nImitrex\n... +6 more\nProfessional resources\nImitrex (AHFS Monograph)\nSumatriptan Nasal Spray (FDA)\nOther brands: Onzetra Xsail, Zembrace SymTouch, Sumavel DosePro, Zecuity, Alsuma\nOther Formulations\nImitrex Statdose injection\nRelated treatment guides\nCluster Headaches\nMigraine\nDrug Status\nRx\nAvailability Prescription only\nPregnancy & Lactation Risk data available\nN/A\nCSA Schedule* Not a controlled drug\nApproval History Drug history at FDA\nManufacturer\nGlaxoSmithKline\nDrug Class\nAntimigraine agents\nRelated Drugs\nantimigraine agents sumatriptan, rizatriptan, Maxalt, Relpax, Zomig, zolmitriptan\nMigraine diclofenac, metoclopramide, sumatriptan, Reglan, cyproheptadine, rizatriptan, Maxalt, Botox, Excedrin, Relpax, Fiorinal, Zomig, More...\nCluster Headaches prednisone, verapamil, sumatriptan, indomethacin, cyproheptadine, Deltasone, Indocin, Calan, dihydroergotamine, Migranal, Verelan, More...\nImitrex Rating\n167 User Reviews 8.0/10\nImitrex Images\nImitrex 100 mg (IMITREX 100)\nView all images\nSubscribe to our newsletters\nNews & warnings related to this drug\nFDA alerts for all medications\nDaily news summary\nWeekly news roundup\nMonthly newsletter\nI accept the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy\nEmail Address\nDrugs.com Mobile Apps\nThe easiest way to lookup drug information, identify pills, check interactions and set up your own personal medication records. 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All rights reserved.\nHide | 2019-04-25T21:47:13Z | "https://www.drugs.com/pro/imitrex.html" | www.drugs.com | 11 | 9 | 1 |
Women are Supposed to Have Periods… – November 2018 | Brannick Clinic of Natural Medicine\nHOME\nABOUT\nDR. MICHELLE BRANNICK\nDR. JESSICA LODAL\nDR. JODI PERRIN\nSHIRLEY HILZINGER\nCRYSTAL PHILIPS\nNATUROPATHY\nSERVICES\nACUPUNCTURE\nANTI-AGING THERAPIES\nBRANNICK CLINIC STORE\nBREAST THERMOGRAPHY\nCHIROPRACTIC MEDICINE\nCOLON HYDROTHERAPY\nDETOXIFICATION PROGRAM\nESCHAROTIC THERAPY\nMASSAGE THERAPIES\nNON-LASER TATTOO REMOVAL\nNATUROPATHIC INTERNAL MEDICINE\nFOR PATIENTS\nFOR NEW PATIENTS\nPATIENT FORMS\nINSURANCE FAQ\nHIPPA / PRIVACY NOTICE\nSITE DISCLAIMER\nRESOURCES\nNEWSLETTER SIGN-UP\nNEWSLETTER ARCHIVE\n2019 NEWSLETTERS\n2018 NEWSLETTERS\n2017 NEWSLETTERS\n2016 NEWSLETTERS\n2015 NEWSLETTERS\n2014 NEWSLETTERS\nASK DR. BRANNICK\nHEALTH ARTICLES\nPODCASTS\nRECIPES\nTESTIMONIALS\nCONTACT US\nCLINIC LOCATIONS\nSEND E-MAIL\nyoutube\ttwitter\tfacebook\tinstagram\nWomen are Supposed to Have Periods…\nThey Keep Us Young!\nPeriods are not supposed to be painful and dysfunctional. A painful and dysfunctional period can be improved with a doctor who understands how to treat the cause of the problem—with the use of natural medicine. The cause is usually due to a hormonal imbalance. Women tend to be estrogen dominant today, which means they have excessive estrogen for normal functioning. This results in problems, like endometriosis, PCOS, ovarian cysts and fibroids—not to mention breast, ovarian and uterine cancers. The conventional mindset is to raise the level of progesterone or take birth control pills. However, this does not solve the problem. Women have receptors in their breasts, ovaries and uterus that are to be stimulated according to a biological rhythm. These receptors when constantly stimulated by a high dose of estrogen produces growths like cysts, fibroids and tumors.\nTaking birth control pills to treat hormonal problems is not the answer—it only creates more problems later.\nThe purpose of a period is to shed the lining of the uterus, which provides a cycle and allows for pregnancy. A healthy period should elicit minimal pain, moderate flow with bright red blood, 28-32-day cycle and minimal PMS symptoms—not huge mood swings, anxiety and depression!\nThe blood women see while on the pill is a “fake” period and it is because of the hormonal direction of the pill. There is no shedding of the lining, which is what creates a period. So, birth control pills are overriding the natural process of the body and in order to do that, the amounts of hormones need to be in higher doses than your body would ever create naturally. So, you are exposing your body to high levels of estrogen. This high hormone level and lack of shedding creates problems as well as dysfunction involving menstruation and infertility.\nIf you are using birth control pills for painful periods, ovarian cysts or dysfunctional periods such as heavy bleeding, you are missing an opportunity to support your reproductive health. It is setting you up for future problems. There are safer alternatives than hormones. If you are taking birth control pills for birth control, there are safer options as well—see a natural doctor for advice.\nI firmly believe menopause reflects how we treat our hormonal system when we are younger.\nCopyright © 2019 Brannick Clinic of Natural Medicine, All rights reserved.\nUA-30871653-1 | 2019-04-26T12:02:49Z | "http://brannickclinic.com/women-are-supposed-to-have-periods-november-2018/" | brannickclinic.com | 1 | 1 | 2 |
Moving Freely – osteoarthritis - Natural Medicine World\nToggle navigation\nHome\nArticles\nAsk the Experts\nBeauty\nFamily Health\nFitness\nMind, Body & Soul\nModalities\nNutrition\nProduct Reviews\nRemedies\nTherapies\nVideos\nAssociations & Organisations\nAuthors\nShop\nProduct Reviews\nContact Us\nHome\nArticles\nAsk the Experts\nBeauty\nFamily Health\nFitness\nMind, Body & Soul\nModalities\nNutrition\nProduct Reviews\nRemedies\nTherapies\nVideos\nAssociations & Organisations\nAuthors\nShop\nProduct Reviews\nContact Us\nHome \\ Family Health \\ Moving Freely – osteoarthritis\nMoving Freely – osteoarthritis\n30 Aug\nMedically, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis are classified as different diseases, but in the natural treatment approach, they’re considered similar. The primary aim of natural treatment is to suppress or control the pro-inflammatory factors through food supplements, herbal remedies, diet adaptations, exercise and stress management while the underlying mental-emotional blocks are made conscious in order for them to be surrendered and released. This approach will benefit anybody with musculoskeletal or joint health challenges.\nArthritis refers to inflammation of the joints. Osteoarthritis (OA) is also called degenerative joint disease because it is characterised by degeneration of the joint/s, or articular cartilage. The changes also involve the synovial membrane covering the joint as well as the bones adjacent to the cartilage. The gradual decay involves mostly the weight-bearing joints, namely the hips, knees and spinal joints, as well as the hands. The degeneration causes friction and accumulation of debris in the joint, with pain, swelling, deformity of the joint and reduced joint mobility.\nWithin the old mind-set, OA is synonymous with normal ageing, affecting 70 – 80% of the population over 50 years of age. With the baby-boomer generation and the explosion in human consciousness has come the era of pro-ageing or positive ageing, where OA is not regarded as inevitable and if it does arise, many tools exist to control and even reverse the process. The natural treatment approach provides all these tools. These are mostly aimed at reversing the sensory-motor amnesia or SMA, as discussed in Thomas Hanna’s book Somatics. The secret is to restore the alignment of the spine and the rest of the skeleton through sensory-motor remembering, releasing all the blocked cell memories from years of stored wrong thought patterns and emotions with the associated stress responses causing the deposit of sediment inside the cells so that the physical body becomes distorted and shaped according to these wrong memory patterns. Body alignment, craniosacral therapy, yoga, Nia-technique dance, tai chi, and so on, all help to recover sensory-motor memory for the body to heal itself, so that we can move freely until we reach our allotted human lifespan of 120 years!\nRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an auto-immune disease in which the body’s own immune cells attack and damage joint tissue. RA is characterised by inflammation and thickening of the synovial lining, as well as destruction of cartilage. Inflammation in the small joints of the hands and feet are key to the diagnosis. Low-grade fever, weight loss, general malaise (feeling unwell or sick), fatigue, joint deformities and pain often accompany the disease. Many of the symptoms of RA are reminiscent of fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome, as is the underlying mental-emotional pattern. RA affects three times more women than men and affects people at a younger age, often starting in their 30s. Identifying underlying mental-emotional blockages is important in the natural approach to the treatment of RA.\nCAUSES OF OSTEOARTHRITIS\nDeclining ability to repair the collagen-matrix in joints.\nFractures and mechanical damage often associated with excessive exercise and extreme competitiveness in sport at a young age, linked to repetitive overuse, joint instability and hypermotility (excess movement).\nInflammation.\nHormonal factors.\nGenetic predisposition. This again is a clear indication of faulty thought patterns, linked to emotions of insecurity and feeling unsafe in the world, carried from one generation to the next. The inner drive to over-excel in sport is also often to prove one’s worth.\nNATURAL HEALING STRATEGIES\nDiet. A healthy diet is aimed at restoring nutrition and oxygen supply to ailing, degenerative joints, as well as assisting in the anti-inflammatory process. Avoid simple, processed carbohydrates, and eat a varied diet of complex, high-fibre carbohydrates, plus lots of berries and their extracts.\nA small percentage of people with osteoarthritis might be sensitive to nightshade vegetables such as tomatoes, potatoes, peppers and eggplant. Eliminate them for 2 weeks, then add them one by one to ascertain whether you are sensitive to some.\nAvoid saturated animal fats that encourage inflammation. Use extra-virgin olive oil, a tablespoon of crushed linseeds and a handful of nuts every day, and eat cold- water fish (salmon, trout, mackerel, sardines) at least 2 – 3 times a week. Some polyunsaturated vegetable oils favour the synthesis of inflammatory prostaglandins, as do trans-fatty acids found in brick margarine and hydrogenated vegetable oils. So avoid them.\nThe omega 3 fatty acids as found in cold- water fish oil, and omega 6 fatty acids, gamma linolenic acid (starflower, evening primrose, blackcurrant and grapeseed oil), and the mono-unsaturated omega 9 fatty acids found in extra-virgin olive oil, favour the synthesis of anti-inflammatory prostaglandins and help with all forms of arthritis, joint and muscle inflammation. So do ginger, B-complex vitamins, glucosamine, chondroitin, green- lipped mussel, swimming, acupuncture, yoga, antioxidants, hot and cold packs, ergonomic adaptation (such as higher chairs, lower desk, better mattress, joint support), body stress release and relaxation exercises.\nDrink 6 – 8 glasses of purified, filtered water every day, with a clear intention to heal, love and accept yourself. We are 75% water, our brains are 90% water, and our thoughts and the molecules of emotion are carried in a water basis into every cell in our bodies.\nExercise and physical therapy. Arthritis has everything to do with movement. Often, movement will be curtailed because of fear of the pain involved. The vicious circle continues – lack of movement will cause joints to freeze up and become stiff. This increases the pain, which leads to even less movement, atrophied muscles, increased injuries, and more lost function. Wrong movement can also be the cause of arthritis, especially stressful, excessive and arduous movement over time, as described above.\nAvoid muscle strain and too much weight- bearing exercise. Visit a chiropractor and/or therapeutic masseuse for deep tissue massage, body alignment and corrective exercises. Swimming and water aerobics work well to gently massage and mobilise sore and stiff joints. Yoga, slow gentle walking, hydrotherapy, and joint mobilisation therapy are all very effective.\nAromatherapy. Rotation exercises can be done in a spa or ordinary bath with warm water (not too hot!). Add 5 drops of essential oils of eucalyptus (anti-inflammatory), chamomile and lavender (both calming and relaxing), juniper (cleansing and clearing), clove, marjoram or cypress (the last three to create a sense of safety and security) to the bath water. Massage inflamed joints every day with 2 drops each of juniper, ginger, black pepper, red chilli powder and chamomile oils and 5 drops of lavender oil mixed in a carrier oil of 5 dessertspoons of olive, grapeseed, sweet almond or jojoba oil and apply the same as a compress over the joints.\nWeight loss. Weight loss should take place according to body fat percentage, body mass index (BMI) and waist hip ratio (WHR). As little as 5 kg of weight loss will reduce the strain on the knees and back, relieving pain.\nNutritional supplements/nutriceuticals.\nChondroitin and glucosamine sulphate: 500 mg 3 times a day.\nMSM (methyl sulphonyl methane): 200 mg per day.\nB-complex: 50 mg each of vitamins B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, inositol, choline; 50 μg of B12 and biotin, 400 μg folic acid.\nVitamin C: 500 mg 3 times per day.\nVitamin A: 10 000 IU (3 mg per day).\nVitamin E: 400 IU (or 320 mg per day).\nMinerals: zinc, copper, boron.\nEssential fatty acids: starflower and cold- water salmon oil (2 000 mg of each/day).\nCalcium and magnesium in a food state or amino acid chelate (calcium 900 mg and magnesium 450 mg taken at night also help you relax).\nStudies show that S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe), the activated form of methionine, has many actions inside the body, and therefore many health benefits. SAMe protects the synovial membrane by reversing depletion of glutathione. This has an antioxidant effect in arthritic joints, but also a blocking mechanism to prevent the deterioration of joint cartilage.\nHerbal help. Nettle leaf extract, alfalfa, Indian celery seed, ginger, cinnamon, turmeric, and bromelain (an enzyme found in pineapples) all have anti-inflammatory effects. Ginger is a well-known anti-inflammatory herbal cure. Drink it fresh, steeped in hot water, with some honey, mint, or lemongrass as a tea or use it as part of a herbal mixture with standardised extracts of turmeric, feverfew (anti-inflammatory and analgesic), frankincense (Boswellia serrata) and white willow bark. This natural form of aspirin does not harm the mucosa of the stomach. Buchu tea helps for gout and rheumatism. Aloe vera or Aloe ferox helps for arthritis and rheumatism. Stinging nettle and coriander tea help with gout – they assist the kidneys in the excretion of excess uric acid. A dessertspoon of apple cider vinegar in a glass of hot water with a teaspoon of honey can be taken every day for pain and inflammation. Apply menthol-based creams with 0.05% capsacain (from red chillies) to the skin around the inflamed area four times a day.\nAcupuncture and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) are helpful for relief of inflammation, pain and discomfort. The latest NES Biophysical Scanner is very helpful in identifying physical and energy disturbances and then providing solutions with the help of very specific and individualised Infoceuticals (substances that correct the information sent to systems and organs) prescribed to address the imbalances.\nStress management, relaxation and addressing the underlying mental-emotional patterning are important. Also regular and profound connection with Nature, reconnecting to its rhythmical ebb and flow and the natural progression of seasons and time.\nColours and crystals. Ruby, agate, garnet and smoky quartz may be worn next to the skin and placed on affected joints and the lower back and sacral area during massage therapy.\nSYNOPSIS OF MENTAL EMOTIONAL ENERGY BLOCKAGES\nOur skeleton, muscle and joints represent our connection to the earth, grounding, survival, nourishment, safety, trust, family, home, and our foundation. These are linked to the basic stress reaction or ancient fight-or-flight survival response common to all creatures. The underlying issues to examine include fear, anxiety about financial security, feelings of deep insecurity, longstanding bitterness, anger and resentment, being critical of self and others, and being rigid, judgmental, holding back, and pulled down by one’s own victim mode and experience of life as a heavy burden.\nThis perspective is not meant as a criticism or as a judgment, saying you cause your own disease! Rather, it is meant as a tool of empowerment, suggesting that disease often has deeply unconscious symbolic meanings and can act as a powerful and gifted teacher in helping you to return to health and wellness.\nAlpha mind training allows the prominent left brain waves with stress-inducing thoughts and emotions, also called the beta mind, to resonate and find balance within the right brain or alpha mind pattern through relaxation, visualisation, massage therapy, cognitive re-patterning, meditation and breathing exercises. All of these can also be very helpful in managing pain. Long-term unrelenting stress leads to constant preparation of the joints to ‘fight or flee’. Common emotional stressors or triggers for this stress response that gradually become deeply embedded in the unconscious mind over years, include feelings of anger, frustration and irritation. This then often combines with a genetic tendency or weakness in the joints as well as various lifestyle factors (e.g. over- exertion or strenuous exercising for years, poor eating habits, high stress, etc.) to produce inflammation and degeneration of joint tissue and function. Muscle and joint cells ‘hold’ these memories and the body is constantly pulled out of balance by tension in certain areas, excess weight on specific joints, with wear and tear and muscle spasm.\nAll these emotions have to do with control issues – from minor daily life situations to obsessions about controlling another person or resentment over the perception of being controlled by situations or people. Excessive exercising during younger years is often an unconscious wish to control the individual’s life by exerting control over the body. Everyone has irritations and feelings of anger. How well these are made conscious and balanced on a daily basis with effective stress management and relaxation techniques, will determine the long-term seriousness of conditions such as osteoarthritis.\nThe specific joints affected also have strong symbolic meanings to help people realise that disease can be a very effective teacher in showing where deep-seated emotional problems need the light of consciousness. Once this realisation takes place, the matter can be brought from the deep unconscious to consciousness to be ‘treated’ with the right tools and techniques. The person with arthritis can then work consciously with the deeply unconscious thoughts, emotions and cell memories to help the body heal itself.\nFor more information visit www.arthritis.org.za\nSources\nGovinda K. A Handbook of Chakra Healing. Old Saybrook, CT: Konecky and Konecky, 2002.\nHanna T. Somatics. Cambridge, USA: Da Capo Press, 1988.\nHawkins D. Power vs Force. California: Hay House, 2002.\nLife Extension Foundation. Disease Prevention and Treatment. Hollywood: Life Extension Media, 2003.\nMurray M, Pizzorno\nJ. Encyclopaedia of Natural Medicine. London: Little, Brown, 1998.\nPayne L, Usatine R. Yoga Therapy. Random House, 2002.\nWinchester T. The Secret of Happiness: It’s all in the Mind. Wandsbeck: Reach Publishers, 2004.\nFurther reading\nVan der Merwe A. Health and Happiness. Pretoria: Health Stress Management Publishers, 2004, revised edition and reprinted 2010.\nVan der Merwe A. Herbal Remedies. Pretoria: Health Stress Management Publishers, 2005.\nVan der Merwe A. Stress Solutions. Pretoria: Health Stress Management Publishers, 2006.\nVan der Merwe A. Stress Solutions CD: Relax and Unwind for Body- Mind Resonance. Pretoria: Health Stress Management Publishers, 2006\nPlease follow and like us:\nMoving Freely – osteoarthritis\nacupuncture, ageing, alternative, anger, antioxidants, anxiety, aromatherapy, arthritic joints, arthritis, auto-immune disease, B-complex vitamins, body alignment, Boswellia serrata, bromelian, buchu tea, calcium, CAMS, capsacain, cartilage, celery seed, chiropractor, chondroitin, cold-water fish, complementary, control issuesnatural, copper, coriander, cranio-sacral therapy, degenerative joint disease, detox, disease, emotional blocks, exercise, experts, family, Family Health, fatigue, fear, fibromyalgia, foundation, fractures, functional, gamma linolenic acid, ginger, glucosamine, glutathione, gout, grounding, health, healthy, herbal, herbal remedies, herbs, holistic care, hormonal factors, hydrotherapy, inflammation, insecurity, integrative, joint cartilage, joints, journal, kidneys, linseed, magazine, magnesium, market, medicine, minerals, mobility, modalities, movement, moving, MSM, natmed, natmedmarket, natmedworld, natural medicine magazine, natural medicine market, natural medicine world, naturalmedicineworld, nettle leaf extract, Nia dance, nutraceuticals, nutrients,
utrition, OA, olive oil, omega-3 fatty acids, osteoarthritis, pain, pineapples, prostaglandins, publication, purified water, RA, remedies, remedy, rheumatism, rheumatoid arthritis, S-adenosylmethionine, safety, SAMe, skeleton, spinal joints, stress, stress management, supplement, survival, swelling, swimming, TENS, therapies, transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation, trust, turmeric, uric acid, vitaminA, vitaminC, vitaminE, vitamins, waist hip ratio, weight loss, WHR, willow bark, women, world, yoga, zinc\nDr Arien van der Merwe | Family Health | August 30, 2017 8:23 pm\nAbout The Author\nDr Arien van der Merwe - MBChB NHA MISMA. is a natural, integrative medical doctor and registered Holistic Counsellor, an experienced public speaker, bestselling author and has developed a number of online health courses. Arien specialises in natural integrative medicine, stress management and workplace wellness. She is a registered trainer with the ASCHP and NHA, as well as a member of the International Stress Management Association. Her latest book is Managing Diabetes and Related Health Challenges. Other books include Health & Happiness and the newly edited and revised Stress Solutions.\nPrevious\nRheumatism and Arthritis – what’s the difference?\nNext\nIllness – a different perspective\nSearch\nSearch for:\nAbout Us\nNatural Medicine World brings our authors to life in gripping episodes and informative articles, featuring topics that will not only change your life but will educate you on a whole new level, helping you to make informed decisions when it comes to your health.\nFollow Us\nGoogle+\nInstagram\nPinterest\nTwitter\nFacebook\nRecent Posts\nSkintopia – Troubled-Skin and Black Soap & Cactus Range\nDr Sandi Nye’s avocado mayonnaise recipe\nPHYTO-FORCE – DANDELION ROOT TINCTURE AND TEA\nAdvertise with Us\nMediakit 2018\nOnline Package\nBooking Form\nNatural Medicine World (Pty) Ltd. All Rights Reserved.\nContact Us\n×\nReport Video\n[contact-form-7 404 \"Not Found\"] | 2019-04-25T08:01:48Z | "https://natmedworld.com/moving-freely-osteoarthritis/" | natmedworld.com | 0 | 9 | 1 |
How to Get Rid of a Fish Bone Stuck in Your Throat - Stay Naturally Healthy\nMenu\nHome\nHealth\nDiet & Weight Loss\nHealthy Food\nHealthy Drinks\nPsychology\nRecipes\nNatural Tip\nGeneral\nHow to Get Rid of a Fish Bone Stuck in Your Throat\nSandra | August 10, 2017 | General | No Comments\nWe all remember that during our childhood our mother has always cooked fish and have stressed out that bone might get stuck in our throat. Even though the stress of getting stuck bone in the throat was always present, she also knew the importance of eating fish due to the nutrients it contains. Before she gave us the fish she ensured that the fish is boneless.\nThere is no mother that didn’t have this fear knowing that it could lead to serious problems.\nIn fact, we all need to be careful in regards to eating fish, because if bone gets stuck in the throat it requires immediate action and it is best to remain calm.\nDue to these reasons, we are going to present to you few simple tricks that will help you get rid of the uncomfortable feeling caused by the fishbone in the throat.\nCoughing\nYou will need to cough hard in order to expel the fishbone unless it is not too fixed in the throat. Also coughing hard is the natural response that usually protects us from factors that irritate the throat.\nWater and salt\nYou will need to immediately to drink a glass of water mixed with little salt. Drink big sips and expect that the water will drag the thorn downwards.\nMarshmallows\nMarshmallows are consistent of spongy texture and chewing it could help you relieve the throat from fishbone. You will need to chew as many marshmallows as you can and swallow the sticky lump in order to drag the thorn down. Afterwards drink one glass of water.\nRice\nYou will need to cook rice in the oven, and let it cool down. Consume it in order to drag the fishbone down. Make sure that you are swallowing big portion of rice at once.\nOlive oil\nOlive oil is great for moving the fishbone down its path because it softens the throat.\nBanana\nYou will need to take a large piece of banana and swallow it, but before you do so hold it for few minutes in the mouth. After you have done so you will need to take a big sip of water. This fruit will provide enough pressure so the fishbone will be dragged downwards.\nWet bread\nYou should take a piece of bread and soak it in oil, water, or milk. Swallow the piece all at once in order to remove the stuck bone. This is actually really old trick but also very effective because the bread is thick and easily removes the bone.\nVisit a doctor\nIf you have tried these methods and still can’t get rid of the fishbone, you will need to visit your doctor or specialist. Sometimes fishbone can cause injury in the throat that might lead to bleeding, so if you notice such occurrence make sure you pay a visit to your doctor.\nRemember that you need to remain calm when such situation occur, and act conscientiously.\nSource:\nhomeremediescorner.com\nAdd a Comment\nCancel reply\nYour email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *\nComment:*\nName:*\nEmail Address:*\nWebsite:\nFollow me on:\nRecent Posts\nSigns And Symptoms Indicating You That You Have A Lack Of The Following Vitamins!\nPsychologists Warn: Never Use These 5 Phrases When Talking To Your Child…\nHere’s What To Do If You Are Suffering From Bad Circulation!\nHaving Mice In Your House Is Definitely The Worst Thing Ever! Give This Five Homemade Solutions A Try And Get Rid Of Them Once And For All!\nBaking Soda Based Recipes To Properly Remove Fat From The Belly, Thighs, Arms, And Back!\nCopyright © 2019 Stay Naturally Healthy.\nContact\nPrivacy Policy\nSitemap\nTerms and Conditions | 2019-04-24T14:37:54Z | "http://www.staynaturallyhealthy.com/get-rid-fish-bone-stuck-throat/" | www.staynaturallyhealthy.com | 1 | 3 | 0 |
What Causes Iron Deficiency? Symptoms, Signs, Treatment, Causes\nDrugs A-Z Pill Identifier Supplements Symptom Checker Diseases Dictionary Media\nSlideshows Images Quizzes\nPrivacy Policy\nAbout Us\nContact Us\nTerms of Use\nAdvertising Policy\nCopyright © 2018 by RxList Inc. RxList does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See additional information.\nIron Deficiency\nhome > diseases, conditions and tests a-z list iron deficiency article\nIron and iron deficiency facts*\nWhat is iron and why do we need it?\nWhat is iron deficiency and why is it a concern?\nWhat causes iron deficiency?\nWho is most at risk for iron deficiency?\nWhat are the signs and symptoms of iron deficiency?\nHow is iron deficiency diagnosed?\nHow is iron deficiency treated?\nCan iron deficiency be prevented?\nBabies\nYoung children (aged 1-5 years)\nAdolescent girls and women of childbearing age\nPregnant women\nHow much iron do I need?\nWhat are dietary sources of iron?\nDietary sources of Vitamin C\nIron overload and hemochromatosis\nIron and iron deficiency facts*\n*Iron deficiency facts medical author: Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD\nIron deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency and the leading cause of anemia in the United States.\nIron deficiency is due either to increased need for iron by the body or a decreased absorption or amount of iron taken in.\nSigns of iron deficiency include fatigue, decreased work and school performance, slow cognitive and social development during childhood, difficulty maintaining body temperature, decreased immune function, and glossitis (an inflamed tongue).\nBlood tests establish the diagnosis of iron deficiency.\nDietary changes or iron supplements are possible treatments for iron deficiency.\nWhat is iron and why do we need it?\nIron is a mineral needed by our bodies. Iron is a part of all cells and does many things in our bodies. For example, iron (as part of the protein hemoglobin) carries oxygen from our lungs throughout our bodies. Having too little hemoglobin is called anemia. Iron also helps our muscles store and use oxygen.\nIron is a part of many enzymes and is used in many cell functions. Enzymes help our bodies digest foods and also help with many other important reactions that occur within our bodies. When our bodies don't have enough iron, many parts of our bodies are affected.\nWhat is iron deficiency and why is it a concern?\nIron deficiency is a condition resulting from too little iron in the body. Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency and the leading cause of anemia in the United States.1\nThe terms anemia, iron deficiency, and iron deficiency anemia often are used interchangeably but equivalent. Iron deficiency ranges from depleted iron stores without functional or health impairment to iron deficiency with anemia, which affects the functioning of several organ systems.2\nIron deficiency is a concern because:\nIron deficiency can delay normal infant motor function (normal activity and movement) or mental function (normal thinking and processing skills).3,4,5,6\nIron deficiency anemia during pregnancy can increase risk for small or early (preterm) babies.7,8 Small or early babies are more likely to have health problems or die in the first year of life than infants who are born full term and are not small.\nIron deficiency can cause fatigue that impairs the ability to do physical work in adults.9,10 Iron deficiency may also affect memory or other mental function in teens.11\nWhat causes iron deficiency?\nIron deficiency has many causes. (See table below for a summary). These causes fall into two main categories:\nIncreased iron needs\nMany common conditions can cause people to need additional iron:\nBecause of their rapid growth, infants and toddlers need more iron than older children. Sometimes it can be hard for them to get enough iron from their normal diet.\nWomen who are pregnant have higher iron needs. To get enough, most women must take an iron supplement as recommended by their healthcare provider.\nWhen people lose blood, they also lose iron. They need extra iron to replace what they have lost. Increased blood loss can occur with heavy menstrual periods, frequent blood donation, as well as with some stomach and intestinal conditions (food sensitivity, hookworms.)\nDecreased iron intake or absorption (not enough iron taken into the body)\nThe amount of iron absorbed from the diet depends on many factors:\nIron from meat, poultry, and fish (i.e., heme iron) is absorbed two to three times more efficiently than iron from plants (i.e., non-heme iron).\nThe amount of iron absorbed from plant foods (non-heme iron) depends on the other types of foods eaten at the same meal.\nFoods containing heme iron (meat, poultry, and fish) enhance iron absorption from foods that contain non-heme iron (e.g., fortified cereals, some beans, and spinach).\nFoods containing vitamin C (see Dietary Sources of vitamin C) also enhance non-heme iron absorption when eaten at the same meal.\nSubstances (such as polyphenols, phytates, or calcium) that are part of some foods or drinks such as tea, coffee, whole grains, legumes and milk or dairy products can decrease the amount of non-heme iron absorbed at a meal. Calcium can also decrease the amount heme-iron absorbed at a meal. However, for healthy individuals who consume a varied diet that conforms to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, the amount of iron inhibition from these substances is usually not of concern.\nVegetarian diets are low in heme iron, but careful meal planning can help increase the amount of iron absorbed.\nSome other factors (such as taking antacids beyond the recommended dose or medicine used to treat peptic ulcer disease and acid reflux) can reduce the amount of acid in the stomach and the iron absorbed and cause iron deficiency.\nIncreased Iron Needs Decreased Iron Intake and Absorption\nRapid growth\nPregnancy\nBlood loss\nHeavy menstrual periods\nFrequent blood donation\nSome stomach and intestinal conditions (food sensitivity, hookworms)\nLack of heme iron sources in the diet (e.g., vegetarian diets)\nLow absorption\nTaking antacids beyond the recommended dose or medicine used to treat peptic ulcer disease and acid reflux can reduce the amount of iron absorbed in the stomach.\nHemophilia Quiz: Test Your IQ\nAnemia Symptoms, Causes, Types, and Treatment\nTake the Blood Disorders Quiz\nWho is most at risk for iron deficiency?\nYoung children and pregnant women are at higher risk of iron deficiency because of rapid growth and higher iron needs.\nAdolescent girls and women of childbearing age are at risk due to menstruation.\nAmong children, iron deficiency is seen most often between six months and three years of age due to rapid growth and inadequate intake of dietary iron. Infants and children at highest risk are the following groups:\nBabies who were born early or small.\nBabies given cow's milk before age 12 months.\nBreastfed babies who after age 6 months are not being given plain, iron-fortified cereals or another good source of iron from other foods.\nFormula-fed babies who do not get iron-fortified formulas.\nChildren aged 1–5 years who get more than 24 ounces of cow, goat, or soymilk per day. Excess milk intake can decrease your child's desire for food items with greater iron content, such as meat or iron fortified cereal.\nChildren who have special health needs, for example, children with chronic infections or restricted diets.\nSigns and Symptoms of Iron Deficiency\nToo little iron can impair body functions, but most physical signs and symptoms do not show up unless iron deficiency anemia occurs. Someone with early stages of iron deficiency may have no signs or symptoms. This is why it is important to screen for too little iron among high risk groups.\nSigns of iron deficiency anemia include12\nFeeling tired and weak\nDecreased work and school performance\nSlow cognitive and social development during childhood\nDifficulty maintaining body temperature\nDecreased immune function, which increases susceptibility to infection\nGlossitis (an inflamed tongue)\nHow is iron deficiency detected?\nYour doctor or healthcare provider will do blood tests to screen for iron deficiency. No single test is used to diagnose iron deficiency. The most common tests for screening are\nHemoglobin test (a test that measures hemoglobin which is a protein in the blood that carries oxygen)\nHematocrit test (the percentage of red blood cells in your blood by volume)\nThese tests show how much iron is in your body. Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels usually aren't decreased until the later stages of iron deficiency, i.e., anemia.\nSometimes other blood tests are used to confirm that anemia is due to iron deficiency. These might include\nComplete blood count (to look at the number and volume of the red blood cells)\nSerum ferritin (a measure of a stored form of iron)\nSerum iron (a measure of the iron in your blood)\nTransferrin saturation (a measure of the transported form of iron)\nTransferrin receptor (a measure of increased red blood cell production)\nHow is iron deficiency treated?\nIf you are found to have an iron deficiency, it is important to see your healthcare provider for treatment. Your treatment will depend on factors such as your age, health, and cause of iron deficiency.\nIf your doctor or health care provider thinks that you have iron deficiency she or he may prescribe iron supplements for you to take and then ask that you return after a period to have your hemoglobin or hematocrit tested.\nIf your healthcare provider determines that the iron deficiency is due to a diet low in iron, you might be told to eat more iron-rich foods. Your health care provider may also prescribe an iron supplement for you.\nAgain, it is important to be diagnosed by your healthcare provider because iron deficiency can have causes that aren't related to your diet. Your healthcare provider's recommendations will be specific to your needs.\nWhat can I do to prevent iron deficiency?\nIn general, you can eat a healthful diet that includes good sources of iron. A healthful diet includes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fat free or nonfat milk and milk products, lean meats, fish, dry beans, eggs, nuts, and is low in saturated fat, trans fats, cholesterol, salt, and added sugars.\nIn addition to a healthful diet that includes good sources of iron, you can also eat foods that help your body absorb iron better. For example, you can eat a fruit or vegetable that is a good source of vitamin C (see table on Dietary Sources of vitamin C) with a food or meal that contains non-heme iron (see table below for Dietary Sources of Iron). Vitamin C helps your body absorb the non-heme iron foods you eat, especially when the food containing non-heme iron and the vitamin-C rich food are eaten at the same meal.\nThe following recommendations are for specific groups who are at greater risk for iron deficiency.\nBabies\nIf possible, breastfeed your baby for at least 12 months and starting at 4 to 6 months of age, give your baby plain, iron-fortified infant cereal and/or pureed meat. Just two or more servings a day can meet a baby's iron needs at this age. Meats should be home prepared or commercially prepared plain pureed (chopped until smooth in a blender) meats.\nWhen your baby is about 6 months of age, include a feeding per day of foods rich in vitamin C with foods that are rich in non-heme iron to improve iron absorption.\nIf you can't breastfeed, use iron-fortified formula.\nDon't give low-iron milks (e.g. cow's milk, goat's milk, and soy milk) until your baby is at least 12 months old.\nIf your baby was born early or small, talk to your doctor about giving iron drops to your baby.\nIf your baby can't get two or more servings per day of iron rich foods (such as iron-fortified cereal or pureed meats), talk to your doctor about giving iron drops to your baby.\nHemophilia Quiz: Test Your IQ\nAnemia Symptoms, Causes, Types, and Treatment\nTake the Blood Disorders Quiz\nYoung children (aged 1–5 years)\nAfter your child is one year old, give no more than three 8 ounce servings of whole cow, goat, or soy milk per day. After your child is 2 years old, low fat or nonfat milks should be used in place of whole milks. Vitamin D-fortified milk is a good source of calcium and vitamin D, but not iron.\nGive your child a diet with iron-rich foods such as iron-fortified breads and iron-fortified cereals and lean meats. See Dietary Sources of Iron\nInclude fruits, vegetables or juices that are rich in vitamin C. Vitamin C helps your child absorb non-heme iron especially when the food that is a source of non-heme iron and the vitamin C-rich food are eaten at the same meal. See Dietary Sources of Vitamin C.\nAdolescent girls and women of childbearing age\nEat iron-rich foods. See Dietary Sources of Iron.\nEat foods that are vitamin C sources. Vitamin C helps your body absorb non-heme iron especially when the food that is a source of non-heme iron and the vitamin C-rich food are eaten at the same meal. See Dietary Sources of Vitamin C.\nEat lean red meats, poultry, and fish. The iron in these foods is easier for your body to absorb than the iron in plant foods.\nPregnant women\nIt is recommended that pregnant women:\nEat iron-rich foods. See Dietary Sources of Iron.\nEat foods that are vitamin C sources. Vitamin C helps your body absorb non-heme iron especially when the food that is a source of non-heme iron and the vitamin-C rich food are eaten at the same meal. See Dietary Sources of Vitamin C below.\nEat lean red meats, poultry, and fish. The iron in these foods is easier for your body to absorb than the iron in plant foods.\nTalk to your doctor about taking an iron supplement.\nHow much iron do I need?\nIf you have already been diagnosed with iron deficiency, talk to your doctor or healthcare provider about treatment. For healthy individuals, the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for iron is listed in the following table.\nRecommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for iron by age and sex.\nAge/Group Life Stage Iron (mg/day)\nInfants 0-6 months 0.27*\n7-12 months 11\nChildren 1-3 years 7\n4-8 years 10\nMales 9-13 years 8\n14-18 years 11\n19-30 years 8\n31-50 years 8\n51-70 years 8\n> 70 years 8\nFemales 9-13 years 8\n14-18 years 15\n19-30 years 18\n31-50 years 18\n51-70 years 8\n>70 years 8\nPregnant Women 14-18 years 27\n19-30 years 27\n31-50 years 27\nLactating Women 14-18 years 10\n19-30 years 9\n31-50 years 9\n*This value is an Adequate Intake (AI) value. AI is used when there is not enough information known to set a Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA).\nSource: Dietary Reference Intakes, Institute of Medicine, Food and Nutrition Board.*\nDietary Sources of Iron\nFood Sources of Iron ranked by milligrams of iron per standard amount; also calories in the standard amount. (All amounts listed provide 10% or more of the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for teenage and adult females, which is 18 mg/day.)\nFood, Standard Amount Iron (mg) Calories\nClams, canned, drained oz 23.8 126\nFortified dry cereals (various), about 1 oz 1.8 to 21.1 54 to 127\nCooked oysters, cooked, 3 oz 10.2 116\nOrgan meats (liver, giblets), cooked, 3 oz 5.2 to 9.9 134 to 235\n*Fortified instant cooked cereals (various), 1 packet 4.9 to 8.1 Varies\n*Soybeans, mature, cooked, ½ cup 4.4 149\n*Pumpkin and squash seed kernels, roasted, 1 oz 4.2 148\n*White beans, canned, ½ cup 3.9 153\n*Blackstrap molasses, 1 Tbsp 3.5 47\n*Lentils, cooked, ½ cup 3.3 115\n*Spinach, cooked from fresh, ½ cup 3.2 21\nBeef, chuck, blade roast, cooked, 3 oz 3.1 215\nBeef, bottom round, cooked, 3 oz 2.8 182\n*Kidney beans, cooked, ½ cup 2.6 112\nSardines, canned in oil, drained, 3 oz 2.5 177\nBeef, rib, cooked, 3 oz 2.4 195\n*Chickpeas, cooked, ½ cup 2.4 134\nDuck, meat only, roasted, 3 oz 2.3 171\nLamb, shoulder, cooked, 3 oz 2.3 237\n*Prune juice, ¾ cup 2.3 136\nShrimp, canned, 3 oz 2.3 102\n*Cowpeas, cooked, ½ cup 2.2 100\nGround beef, 15% fat, cooked, 3 oz 2.2 212\n*Tomato puree, ½ cup 2.2 48\n*Lima beans, cooked, ½ cup 2.2 108\n*Soybeans, green, cooked, ½ cup 2.2 127\n*Navy beans, cooked, ½ cup 2.1 127\n*Refried beans, ½ cup 2.1 118\nBeef, top sirloin, cooked, 3 oz
2.0 156\n*Tomato paste, ¼ cup 2.0 54\nFood Sources of iron are ranked by milligrams of iron per standard amount; also calories in the standard amount. (All amounts listed provide 10% or more of the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for teenage and adult females, which is 18 mg/day.)\nHigh in cholesterol.\n*These are non-heme iron sources. To improve absorption, eat these with a vitamin-C rich food.\nSource: USDA/HHS Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2005 Nutrient values from Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 17. Foods are from ARS single nutrient reports, sorted in descending order by nutrient content in terms of common household measures. Food items and weights in the single nutrient reports are adapted from those in the 2002 revision of USDA Home and Garden Bulletin No. 72, Nutritive Value of Foods. Mixed dishes and multiple preparations of the same food item have been omitted from this table.\nHemophilia Quiz: Test Your IQ\nAnemia Symptoms, Causes, Types, and Treatment\nTake the Blood Disorders Quiz\nDietary Sources of Vitamin C\nFood, Standard Amount Vitamin C (mg) Calories\nGuava, raw, ½ cup 188 56\nRed bell pepper, raw, ½ cup 142 20\nRed bell pepper, cooked, ½ cup 116 19\nKiwi fruit, 1 medium 70 46\nOrange, raw, 1 medium 70 46\nOrange juice, ¾ cup 61 to 93 79 to 84\nGreen bell pepper, raw, ½ cup 60 15\nGreen bell pepper, cooked, ½ cup 51 19\nGrapefruit juice, ¾ cup; 50 to 70 71 to 86\nVegetable juice cocktail, ¾ cup 50 34\nStrawberries, raw, ½ cup 49 27\nBrussels sprouts, cooked, ½ cup 48 28\nCantaloupe, ¼ medium 47 51\nPapaya, raw, ¼ medium 47 30\nKohlrabi, cooked, ½ cup 45 24\nBroccoli, raw, ½ cup 39 15\nEdible pod peas, cooked, ½ cup 38 34\nBroccoli, cooked, ½ cup 37 26\nSweet potato, canned, ½ cup 34 116\nTomato juice, ¾ cup 33 31\nCauliflower, cooked, ½ cup 28 37\nPineapple, raw, ½ cup 28 37\nKale, cooked, ½ cup 27 18\nMango, ½ cup 23 54\nFood sources of vitamin C are ranked by milligrams (mg) of vitamin C per standard amount; also calories in the standard amount. (All amounts listed provide 20% or more of the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) of 90 mg/day for adult men.)\nSource: USDA/HHS Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2005 Nutrient values from Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 17. Foods are from ARS single nutrient reports, sorted in descending order by nutrient content in terms of common household measures. Food items and weights in the single nutrient reports are adapted from those in the 2002 revision of USDA Home and Garden Bulletin No. 72, Nutritive Value of Foods. Mixed dishes and multiple preparations of the same food item have been omitted from this table.\nIron Overload and Hemochromatosis\nIron overload is the accumulation of excess iron in body tissues. Hemochromatosis is the disease resulting from significant iron overload. Hemochromatosis can have genetic and non-genetic causes.\nFrom\nHealthy Resources\nWhat Is Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia?\nTreatments for Multiple Myeloma\nNew Treatments for Pulmonary Hypertension\nFeatured Centers\nHow Is Your MS Care Routine? Assess Yourself\n11 Things Not to Do If You Want to get Pregnant\nHealth Solutions From Our Sponsors\nWorld Class Heart Care\nLiving Donor Kidney Donation\nTreat Enlarged Prostate\nTreating Baby Eczema\nOvercoming Breast Cancer\nMedical Alert System\nMedically reviewed by Rambod Rouhbakhsh, MD, MBA, FAAFP; American Board of Family Medicine\nSOURCE: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Iron and Iron Deficiency. Last update: 3/30/2004\nREFERENCES:\nCenters for Disease Control and Prevention. Iron deficiency – United States, 1999–2000. MMWR 2002;51:897–899.\nAkman M, Cebeci D, Okur V, Angin H, Abali O, Akman AC. The effects of iron deficiency on infants' developmental test performance. Acta Paediatr. 2004 Oct;93(10):1391–6.\nFriel JK, Aziz K, Andrews WL, Harding SV, Courage ML, Adams RJ. A double-masked, randomized control trial of iron supplementation in early infancy in healthy term breast-fed infants. J Pediatr. 2003 Nov;143(5):582–6.\nLozoff B, De Andraca I, Castillo M, Smith JB, Walter T, Pino P. Behavioral and developmental effects of preventing iron-deficiency anemia in healthy full-term infants. Pediatrics. 2003 Oct;112(4):846–54.\nGrantham-McGregor S, Ani C. A review of studies on the effect of iron deficiency on cognitive development in children. J Nutr. 2001 Feb;131(2S–2):649S–666S; discussion 666S–668S.\nRonnenberg AG, Wood RJ, Wang X, Xing H, Chen C, Chen D, Guang W, Huang A, Wang L, Xu X. Preconception hemoglobin and ferritin concentrations are associated with pregnancy outcome in a prospective cohort of Chinese women. J Nutr. 2004 Oct;134(10):2586–91.\nScholl TO, Hediger ML, Fischer RL, Shearer JW. Anemia vs iron deficiency: increased risk of preterm delivery in a prospective study. Am J Clin Nutr. 1992 May;55(5):985–8.\nBrownlie T 4th, Utermohlen V, Hinton PS, Haas JD. Tissue iron deficiency without anemia impairs adaptation in endurance capacity after aerobic training in previously untrained women. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004 Mar;79(3):437–43.\nHaas JD, Brownlie T 4th. Iron deficiency and reduced work capacity: a critical review of the research to determine a causal relationship. J Nutr. 2001 Feb;131(2S–2):676S–688S; discussion 688S–690S.\nBruner AB, Joffe A, Duggan AK, Casella JF, Brandt J. Randomised study of cognitive effects of iron supplementation in non-anaemic iron-deficient adolescent girls. Lancet. 1996 Oct 12;348(9033):992–6.\nUS National Library of Medicine, NIH. Iron deficiency anemia.\nOffice of Dietary Supplements, NIH. Dietary supplement fact sheet. Available online: http://dietary-\nPill Identifier Tool Quick, Easy, Pill Identification\nDrug Interaction Tool Check Potential Drug Interactions\nPharmacy Locater Tool Including 24 Hour, Pharmacies\nHealth Solutions From Our Sponsors\nWorld Class Heart Care\nLiving Donor Kidney Donation\nTreat Enlarged Prostate\nTreating Baby Eczema\nOvercoming Breast Cancer\nMedical Alert System\nRxList Home Drugs & Medications Slideshows Pill Identification Tool Vitamins, Herbs, & Dietary Supplements Images Diseases Symptom Checker Dictionary Quizzes\nAbout RxList Consumer Contact RxList Terms of Use Privacy Policy Sponsor Policy Pharmaceutical Companies A-Z Site Map\nWebMD Medscape Medscape Reference eMedicineHealth MedicineNetOnHealth WebMDRx\nCopyright © 2019 by RxList Inc. RxList does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See additional information. | 2019-04-26T12:37:34Z | "https://www.rxlist.com/iron_and_iron_deficiency/article.htm" | www.rxlist.com | 2 | 8 | 1 |
10 Copper Bracelet Benefits That Will Blow Your Mind – Brian Christian\nMenu\nHome\nContact\nSubmit Your Article\nChristmas Videos\nTerms of Service\nReviews\nFAQ\n10 Copper Bracelet Benefits That Will Blow Your Mind\nPosted on April 22, 2019 March 29, 2019 by wh1k3bk2\nYou may notice that many people opt for the wearing of copper made bracelet. It is both a fashion accessory and offers a therapeutic application for the person wearing it. According to health personnel, the copper bracelet has a positive effect on maintaining healthy bones, cartilage, tendons and joints. For more information on the medicinal capacity of copper you can visit online websites. These are to provide you with one-click important information about copper, its price on the world price, its characteristics and the news of copper worldwide.\nA better treatment on the aging of the skin\nTo heal the aging of the skin, you can consume foods containing copper. It also has anti-infective and anti-inflammatory properties. To help relieve joint pain and maximize iron fixation, do not hesitate to eat foods rich in copper. It also brings a clear improvement for cellular respiration.\nDiscover the power of copper bracelets along with dozens of other designs available at https://braceletworld.co.\nMinimize joint pain via the copper bracelet\nTo treat osteoarthritis and pain in the joints, opt for the wearing of copper bracelet. It gives you a better anti-inflammatory property. It is for this reason that many people wear this kind of accessories. They are in most cases people over 40 years old. It also prevents you from fatigue and stress. Various inflammations can be cured by this magic bracelet including arthritis, osteoarthritis, torticollis, strains or tendonitis. For athletes, the copper bracelet improves balance, strength and flexibility.\nCopper bracelet: learn more about its health benefits\nAre you one of those people who love copper jewelry? Well, if you have some, keep them precious, especially your bracelet. It gives all the virtues to the wearer. Since ancient times, this jewel has proved its therapeutic and healing properties. If you do not have one, we advise you to buy one quickly. You can add it to your wish list, like! Discover the incredible benefits of the copper bracelet.\nEnsures the proper functioning of the body\nAs you probably know, copper is one of the essential elements for the proper functioning of our body. It is present in each of our cells and it has, among others, its role to participate in the manufacture of hemoglobin and increase the rate of red blood cells.\nGood against anemia\nA lack of copper in the body can cause anemia. If you suffer from this disease, you can put a copper bracelet around your wrist. Nothing is better to bring the body its daily copper ration. Yes, in contact with the skin, this trace element present in the bracelet is diffused into the body through the vascularization.\nAttenuates pain due to osteoarthritis or rheumatism\nPeople who have joint problems and wear a copper bracelet appreciate it especially for its ability to reduce the pain caused by the disease. For example, if you have osteoarthritis or rheumatism, the copper bracelet can help you relieve pain. To know that it is a powerful anti-inflammatory. It also acts on joint pain.\n\nProtects bones\nCopper is a mineral that plays a big role in bone protection. That said, the copper bracelet is highly recommended for all those who play sports, especially because they tend to have a copper deficiency. A copper deficiency in the body, it should be remembered, can cause fatigue fractures. They develop when the repetitive support exceeds the capacity of the muscles and supportive tendons to absorb fatigue and cushion the bones. Notice to athletes.\nAn excellent anti-stress\nSince copper is a very good antioxidant, it has the ability to help fight stress and premature aging. It also eliminates waste and toxins in our body while promoting the transport of oxygen through the blood. For better health, it is recommended to wear a copper bracelet.\nCan be used as a supplement for antibiotic treatment\nIf you suffer from repetitive infectious diseases, a copper bracelet can be a valuable ally to complete an antibiotic treatment. It will then be necessary to wear it permanently. That is, copper cannot and should not be used to replace antibiotic therapy. In case of repetitive infectious diseases, take the time to consult a doctor.\nHeals disorders related to menopause\nAre you in menopause? Remember to wear a copper bracelet. It is the best medicine to overcome the health problems related to this phase. That is, it is also an essential accessory for older people because the older you get, the more you need to increase the level of copper in the body to keep the bones healthy. Understand that it is important to prevent the onset of osteoporosis. We must also keep the nervous system in good balance. To bring the body its necessary copper ration, it is best to bet on a copper bracelet.\nGood to know\nAn excess of copper in the body can be extremely dangerous for health. So be careful not to wear a copper bracelet all the time, especially if your copper content is particularly high.\nWhy has the popularity of the copper bracelet increased?\nThe first country where copper bracelets appeared was America. The news about this medical decoration quickly spread around the planet. The rapid popularity of the copper bracelet was so high that even the most inveterate skeptics came to the conclusion that such a bracelet could not be a fairy tale or some myth.\nThirty years have passed since the discovery of the copper bracelet. Of course, the popularity that was in the first copper bracelets, a little faded. However, she did not disappear completely. And today, many people are happy to wear them all the time.\nThere is nothing surprising in this. If a person has been trying for many years to recover from a disease that does not respond to classical methods of treatment, he turns to unconventional methods. After all, there are people who say that a copper bracelet helped them recover.\nDoes a copper bracelet help – myth or reality?\nTo declare only one opinion in this matter is very difficult. It is better to refer to the repeatedly conducted medical research and conclusions. After all, doctors were also interested in the effect of such a simple decoration on the human body.\nIn different countries, scientists have tested copper bracelet on patients with any disease. In America also experts studied the possibilities of a bracelet to reduce pain in rheumatic diseases. English doctors tried to understand how the bracelet acts on the joints.\nThey all made the same conclusion. The positive qualities of a copper bracelet come down to the placebo effect. It has also been proven by science that a copper bracelet is capable of felting blood vessels. The main merit of this property refers not so much to copper as to magnets attached to a bracelet. Due to the small magnetic field, the blood becomes more fluid. With a strong magnetic field, the opposite effect occurs.\nScientific evidence of the healing properties of the copper bracelet and their positive effect is not yet available, although research has been conducted for more than 30 years. To say that wearing a bracelet led to recovery is still very difficult. After all, recovery can be associated with the action of drugs or spontaneous weakening of the pain effect.\nFollow Us\nSearch for:\nMy name’s Brian, I am an editor, a content manager, and a professional writer. I’ve dedicated my life to bringing hope to those who are less fortunate by delivering upbeat and positive content that empowers those in the community and making a difference in the lives of others. I have a Bachelor’s Degree in Communication, fifteen years of sales experience, and over ten years of experience in academic and technical writing. 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Management of Chronic Tendon Injuries - American Family Physician\nAdvertisement\n<< Previous article\nNext article >>\nApr 1, 2013 Issue\nManagement of Chronic Tendon Injuries\nMARC A. CHILDRESS, MD, Fort Belvoir Community Hospital, Fort Belvoir, Virginia\nANTHONY BEUTLER, MD, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland\nAm Fam Physician. 2013 Apr 1;87(7):486-490.\nAbstract\nPathophysiology\nGeneral Principles for Steroid and NSAID Use\nAchilles Tendinopathy\nPatellar Tendinopathy\nLateral Epicondylitis\nRotator Cuff Tendinopathy\nAdditional Therapies\nReferences\nArticle Sections\nAbstract\nPathophysiology\nGeneral Principles for Steroid and NSAID Use\nAchilles Tendinopathy\nPatellar Tendinopathy\nLateral Epicondylitis\nRotator Cuff Tendinopathy\nAdditional Therapies\nReferences\nChronic tendon injuries present unique management challenges. The assumption that these injuries result from ongoing inflammation has caused physicians to rely on treatments demonstrated to be ineffective in the long term. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs should be limited in the treatment of these injuries. Corticosteroid injections should be considered for temporizing pain relief only for rotator cuff tendinopathy. For chronic Achilles tendinopathy (symptoms lasting longer than six weeks), an intense eccentric strengthening program of the gastrocnemius/soleus complex improved pain and function between 60 and 90 percent in randomized trials. Evidence also supports eccentric exercise as a first-line option for chronic patellar tendon injuries. Other modalities such as prolotherapy, topical nitroglycerin, iontophoresis, phonophoresis, therapeutic ultrasound, extracorporeal shock wave therapy, and low-level laser therapy have less evidence of effectiveness but are reasonable second-line alternatives to surgery for patients who have persistent pain despite appropriate rehabilitative exercise.\nChronic tendon injuries are commonly presented to the primary care physician,1,2 and have a significant impact on the ability of patients to work, exercise, and perform routine daily activities. Because most of these conditions are attributable to overuse, patients may improve with rest, appropriate protection, and activity modification. However, patients with chronic symptoms (lasting longer than six weeks) often require further care for a return to full, pain-free function. Although general approaches may be helpful, the location and precise anatomic diagnosis determine specific management of chronic tendon injuries.\nEnlarge Print\nSORT: KEY RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PRACTICE\nClinical recommendation\nEvidence rating\nReferences\nEccentric exercise should be the first-line treatment for chronic midsubstance Achilles tendinopathy.\nA\n14, 15, 19\nCorticosteroid injections, bracing, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are not effective in providing long-term relief for chronic degenerative tendon injuries.\nB\n25, 31\nRehabilitative exercise is an effective therapy for chronic tendon injuries.\nB\n14, 15, 19\nA = consistent, good-quality patient-oriented evidence; B = inconsistent or limited-quality patient-oriented evidence; C = consensus, disease-oriented evidence, usual practice, expert opinion, or case series. For information about the SORT evidence rating system, go to https://www.aafp.org/afpsort.xml.\nSORT: KEY RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PRACTICE\nClinical recommendation\nEvidence rating\nReferences\nEccentric exercise should be the first-line treatment for chronic midsubstance Achilles tendinopathy.\nA\n14, 15, 19\nCorticosteroid injections, bracing, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are not effective in providing long-term relief for chronic degenerative tendon injuries.\nB\n25, 31\nRehabilitative exercise is an effective therapy for chronic tendon injuries.\nB\n14, 15, 19\nA = consistent, good-quality patient-oriented evidence; B = inconsistent or limited-quality patient-oriented evidence; C = consensus, disease-oriented evidence, usual practice, expert opinion, or case series. For information about the SORT evidence rating system, go to https://www.aafp.org/afpsort.xml.\nPathophysiology\nJump to section +\nAbstract\nPathophysiology\nGeneral Principles for Steroid and NSAID Use\nAchilles Tendinopathy\nPatellar Tendinopathy\nLateral Epicondylitis\nRotator Cuff Tendinopathy\nAdditional Therapies\nReferences\nBleeding and subsequent inflammation play an integral role in the acute response to many soft tissue injuries, but not in chronic tendon injuries. Overuse or chronic tendon injuries classically occur in tissues with poor blood supply and feature collagen separation and collagen degeneration rather than the typical cellular and protein responses related to the classical inflammatory cascade.3 Neovascularity is seen consistently in symptomatic portions of the tendon structure.4 Chronic pain in the tendon and surrounding tissue appears to be mediated by glutamate and other non-prostaglandin pathways.5,6 These tissue changes and pain generation pathways are not well described by traditional clinical terms such as “tendonitis” and “epicondylitis.” More importantly, these terms may promulgate a fundamental misunderstanding of the pathology underlying chronic tendon injury. These conditions are more accurately referred to as “tendinosis” or “tendinopathy.”\nGeneral Principles for Steroid and NSAID Use\nJump to section +\nAbstract\nPathophysiology\nGeneral Principles for Steroid and NSAID Use\nAchilles Tendinopathy\nPatellar Tendinopathy\nLateral Epicondylitis\nRotator Cuff Tendinopathy\nAdditional Therapies\nReferences\nDespite widespread use, there is little evidence to support the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to treat chronic tendon injuries.7 Many patients are unaware of the risks of long-term NSAID use, including gastrointestinal toxicity, renal damage, and increased cardiovascular risk.8 The long durations of chronic tendon injuries may result in higher rates of adverse effects from NSAIDs.9\nFor noninflammatory degenerative tendon injuries such as rotator cuff tendinopathy 10and wrist extensor tendinopathy at the elbow (lateral epicondylitis),11 corticosteroid injections may provide short-term pain relief. However, the evidence is inconsistent for longer-term relief and ultimate restoration of pain-free function resulting from steroid injections.12 Additionally, case reports suggest that steroid injections may predispose tendons to rupturing, particularly the tendons of the hands and in weight-bearing joints such as the patellar tendon and the Achilles tendon.13 Therefore, in cases of noninflammatory chronic tendinopathy, steroids should be used sparingly and primarily to provide short-term windows of pain relief to allow patients to engage in curative rehabilitative therapy.\nAchilles Tendinopathy\nJump to section +\nAbstract\nPathophysiology\nGeneral Principles for Steroid and NSAID Use\nAchilles Tendinopathy\nPatellar Tendinopathy\nLateral Epicondylitis\nRotator Cuff Tendinopathy\nAdditional Therapies\nReferences\nAchilles tendinopathy classically presents with pain during and after prolonged walking or running, typically in the area directly between the myotendinous junction and the insertion on the calcaneus. To distinguish this more common presentation from insertional Achilles injury, these injuries are referred to as midsubstance Achilles tendinopathies (Figure 1).\nEnlarge Print\nFigure 1.\nLocation of pain in midsubstance Achilles tendinopathy (red) and insertional Achilles tendinopathy (purple).\nFigure 1.\nLocation of pain in midsubstance Achilles tendinopathy (red) and insertional Achilles tendinopathy (purple).\nMidsubstance Achilles tendinopathy exemplifies the shift away from traditional treatment such as NSAIDs, ice, and stretching. For chronic midsubstance Achilles tendinopathy (symptoms lasting longer than six weeks) the preferred first-line treatment is an intense eccentric strengthening program of the gastrocnemius/soleus complex.14 Good-quality randomized controlled trials indicate that eccentric strengthening programs provide 60 to 90 percent improvement in pain and function.15 The basic protocol for eccentric rehabilitation of the Achilles tendon is detailed in Table 116 and is demonstrated in Figure 2.\nEnlarge Print\nTable 1.\nEccentric Exercise Protocol for Rehabilitation of the Achilles Tendon\nFrequency\nProgression\nDuration\nThree sets of 15 exercises, twice daily (total of 90 repetitions)\nUse same weight for first 1 to 2 weeks to achieve relative comfort with recommended daily frequency, then add weight (e.g., loaded backpacks, weighted vests) as comfort allows\nTypical regimens last 12 weeks\nGoal is a return to pain-free function with provocative activities, such as running\nInformation from reference 16.\nTable 1.\nEccentric Exercise Protocol for Rehabilitation of the Achilles Tendon\nFrequency\nProgression\nDuration\nThree sets of 15 exercises, twice daily (total of 90 repetitions)\nUse same weight for first 1 to 2 weeks to achieve relative comfort with recommended daily frequency, then add weight (e.g., loaded backpacks, weighted vests) as comfort allows\nTypical regimens last 12 weeks\nGoal is a return to pain-free function with provocative activities, such as running\nInformation from reference 16.\nEnlarge Print\nFigure 2.\nEccentric exercises for midsubstance Achilles tendinopathy. (A) Patients begin with a straight leg and the ankle in flexion. (B) The ankle of the injured leg is then lowered to full dorsiflexion and returned to its original position with the assistance of the uninjured leg. (C) The exercise is repeated with the knee bent to approximately 45 degrees.\nFigure 2.\nEccentric exercises for midsubstance Achilles tendinopathy. (A) Patients begin with a straight leg and the ankle in flexion. (B) The ankle of the injured leg is then lowered to full dorsiflexion and returned to its original position with the assistance of the uninjured leg. (C) The exercise is repeated with the knee bent to approximately 45 degrees.\nTherapeutic modalities such as ultrasound, electrical stimulation, iontophoresis, and massage and stretching are inconsistent in helping patients achieve long-term return to function.17 Surgical techniques exist for severe or recalcitrant cases,18 but are inconsistently successful and carry additional risk.\nInsertional Achilles tendon injuries are distinct from and less common than midsubstance tendinopathies. Typically, insertional Achilles tendon pain is more difficult to treat. Eccentric rehabilitation may be helpful, but this type of therapy does not show the same degree of utility as in midsubstance injuries, with rates of improvement closer to 30 percent for insertional injuries.19 Shock wave therapy is another option for insertional Achilles tendon injuries, but further studies are needed to establish benefit.20 Because cure rates are similar and eccentric exercise is much less expensive than shock wave therapy, the preferred initial therapy for chronic insertional Achilles tendon pain is eccentric strengthening following four to six weeks of immobilization in a walking boot.\nPatellar Tendinopathy\nJump to section +\nAbstract\nPathophysiology\nGeneral Principles for Steroid and NSAID Use\nAchilles Tendinopathy\nPatellar Tendinopathy\nLateral Epicondylitis\nRotator Cuff Tendinopathy\nAdditional Therapies\nReferences\nPatellar tendinopathy, or jumper's knee, can persist for years without a reliable response to conservative therapies.21 Evidence supports the use of eccentric exercise as a first-line option for chronic patellar tendon injuries. Several specific protocols have been published for these exercises; most show positive effects in long-term studies.22Figure 3 demonstrates a typical eccentric exercise regimen. Exercise protocols vary but are generally similar to those for Achilles tendinopathy (Table 116).\nEnlarge Print\nFigure 3.\nEccentric exercises for the patellar tendon. (A) Patients are instructed to begin in an extended position and (B) to slowly bend the knees to approximately 45 degrees, then return to an extended position.\nFigure 3.\nEccentric exercises for the patellar tendon. (A) Patients are instructed to begin in an extended position and (B) to slowly bend the knees to approximately 45 degrees, then return to an extended position.\nSurgery has been the traditional option for recalcitrant cases. However, a recent study showed that eccentric exercise resulted in greater improvement than surgery.23 Sclerosing agents such as polidocanol have been used to diminish the pain based on the presence of neovascularity in injured tissue. Although injections of sclerosing agents may diminish pain, the pain relief is no greater than that achieved with arthroscopic techniques.24\nLateral Epicondylitis\nJump to section +\nAbstract\nPathophysiology\nGeneral Principles for Steroid and NSAID Use\nAchilles Tendinopathy\nPatellar Tendinopathy\nLateral Epicondylitis\nRotator Cuff Tendinopathy\nAdditional Therapies\nReferences\nLateral epicondylitis, or tennis elbow, is characterized by pain in the lateral elbow which is exacerbated by attempts to extend and supinate the wrist and hand against resistance. The injury involves the origin of the common extensor tendon on the lateral epicondyle of the humerus. The multiplicity of possible treatments is indicative of the often contradictory and constantly changing evidence regarding the treatments' relative effectiveness.\nPhysical therapy that emphasizes stretching and strengthening consistently demonstrates superior symptom relief over rest, NSAID use, steroid injections, or bracing alone at six weeks to one year after treatment initiation.25 Given its simplicity, proven effectiveness, and minimal potential to cause harm, physical therapy emphasizing wrist extensor strengthening and stretching is the cornerstone of lateral epicondylitis treatment. However, it is unclear if physical therapy or any other lateral epicondylitis treatment provides superior outcomes to simple rest and activity modification after one year.26,27\nLocal steroid injections provide short-term pain relief for chronic lateral epicondylitis; however, the improvements seen with steroid injections do not last. Moreover, a recent large randomized trial showed poorer long-term cure rates with steroid injections than with physical therapy or rest.27 In the absence of steroid injections, patients appear to have similar long-term improvement in pain regardless of treatment.\nNumerous studies have suggested that autologous blood and platelet-rich plasma injections can be helpful.28,29 Additionally, a single study showed improved outcomes with the application of a nitroglycerin patch in patients with persistent lateral epicondyle pain who were undergoing continued physical therapy.30 Further study is needed to better identify a role for these treatments. Counterforce bracing near the elbow and extension block splinting at the wrist may provide short-term improvements in pain and function, but have limited evidence for long-term relief.31 Surgery is an option for recalcitrant cases, despite a lack of controlled evidence of its effectiveness.32\nRotator Cuff Tendinopathy\nJump to section +\nAbstract\nPathophysiology\nGeneral Principles for Steroid and NSAID Use\nAchilles Tendinopathy\nPatellar Tendinopathy\nLateral Epicondylitis\nRotator Cuff Tendinopathy\nAdditional Therapies\nReferences\nRotator cuff tendinopathy is characterized by pain with lifting, pain with overhead motions, and discomfort at night. Most cases are not the result of trauma, but can often be traced to provocative activities such as throwing, lifting, and repeated overhead motions. Patients with significant trauma or the onset of functional weakness with mechanical loss of motion warrant further evaluation for full thickness rotator cuff tear or adhesive capsulitis. Physical therapy that focuses on achieving a full range of motion, strengthening the rotator cuff, and stabilizing the scapula is the mainstay of treatment.33\nInsertional Achilles tendon injuries are distinct from and less common than midsubstance tendinopathies.\nSteroid injections are commonly used to treat rotator cuff
endinopathy, but controlled studies have demonstrated modest benefit, particularly in the long term.34 Steroid injections should be reserved for patients who have discomfort that would limit them from engaging in rehabilitative exercises. Injections into the gluteal muscle versus guided injections into the subacromial bursa have demonstrated similar levels of pain relief.35 Surgical options are available for patients with persistent symptoms, or for patients in whom function cannot be maintained.\nAdditional Therapies\nJump to section +\nAbstract\nPathophysiology\nGeneral Principles for Steroid and NSAID Use\nAchilles Tendinopathy\nPatellar Tendinopathy\nLateral Epicondylitis\nRotator Cuff Tendinopathy\nAdditional Therapies\nReferences\nLocal injections of dextrose, autologous blood, and platelet-rich plasma represent forms of prolotherapy, in which irritants or proinflammatory substances are injected into degenerative or damaged tissue in an attempt to induce a further healing response. The evidence for these methods varies broadly based on the target tissues and the substances being injected into the body.36 Other modalities include topical nitroglycerin, iontophoresis, phonophoresis, therapeutic ultrasound, extracorporeal shock wave therapy, and low-level laser therapy. Current data on the effectiveness of these modalities are mixed, and generally consist of small or poorly controlled studies.17,37–39 After confirming the diagnosis of chronic tendon pain, these interventions may be considered as less invasive and less costly alternatives to surgery for patients who have persistent pain despite appropriate rehabilitative exercise. However, the evidence does not currently support the use of these modalities as first-line treatments for any type of chronic tendinopathy.\nData Sources: A PubMed search was completed in Clinical Queries using the key terms chronic tendon, tendinosis, tendinopathy, tendinitis, tendon and NSAID, tendon and steroid, Achilles tendinitis, patellar tendinitis, lateral epicondylitis, and rotator cuff. The search included meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, clinical trials, and reviews. We also searched Essential Evidence Plus, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality evidence reports, Bandolier, Clinical Evidence, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, the Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, the Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement, the National Guideline Clearinghouse database, and UpToDate. Search date: May 1, 2011.\nRead the full article.\nGet immediate access, anytime, anywhere.\nChoose a single article, issue, or full-access subscription.\nEarn up to 6 CME credits per issue.\nAlready a member/subscriber?\nLog in >>\nPurchase Access:\nSee My Optionsclose\nAlready a member or subscriber? Log in\nBest Value!\nGet Full Access\nFrom $140\nSubscribe\nIncludes:\nImmediate, unlimited access to all AFP content\nMore than 130 CME credits per year\nAccess to the AFP app\nPrint delivery option\nAccess This Issue\n$39.95\nIncludes:\nImmediate access to this issue\nCME credits in this issue\nAccess This Article\n$20.95\nIncludes:\nImmediate access to this article\nTo see the full article, log in or purchase access.\nThe Authors\nshow all author info\nMARC A. CHILDRESS, MD, is the assistant fellowship director of the Primary Care Sports Medicine Fellowship at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences in Bethesda, Md., and a faculty physician at Fort Belvoir (Va.) Community Hospital....\nANTHONY BEUTLER, MD, is the fellowship director of the Primary Care Sports Medicine Fellowship at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, and an associate professor of family medicine at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences.\nAddress correspondence to Marc A. Childress, MD, Fort Belvoir Community Hospital, 9501 Farrell Rd., Fort Belvoir, VA 22060. Reprints are not available from the authors.\nAuthor disclosure: No relevant financial affiliations.\nThe views expressed are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy of the U.S. Department of the Army, the U.S. Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government.\nREFERENCES\nshow all references\n1. Maffulli N, Wong J, Almekinders LC. Types and epidemiology of tendinopathy. Clin Sports Med. 2003;22(4):675–692....\n2. Junior LC, et al. The prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries in runners: a systematic review. Br J Sports Med. 2011;45(4):351–352.\n3. Khan KM, Cook JL, Bonar F, Harcourt P, Astrom M. Histopathology of common tendinopathies. Update and implications for clinical management. Sports Med. 1999;27(6):393–408.\n4. Aström M, Rausing A. Chronic Achilles tendinopathy. A survey of surgical and histopathologic findings. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1995;316:151–164.\n5. Alfredson H, Forsgren S, Thorsen K, Lorentzon R. In vivo microdialysis and immunohistochemical analyses of tendon tissue demonstrated high amounts of free glutamate and glutamate NMDAR1 receptors, but no signs of inflammation, in jumper's knee. J Orthop Res. 2001;19(5):881–886.\n6. Alfredson H, Thorsen K, Lorentzon R. In situ microdialysis in tendon tissue: high levels of glutamate, but not prostaglandin E2 in chronic Achilles tendon pain. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 1999;7(6):378–381.\n7. Mehallo CJ, Drezner JA, Bytomski JR. Practical management: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use in athletic injuries. Clin J Sport Med. 2006;16(2):170–174.\n8. Wilcox CM, Cryer B, Triadafilopoulos G. Patterns of use and public perception of over-the-counter pain relievers: focus on nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. J Rheumatol. 2005;32(11):2218–2224.\n9. Rossignol M, et al. The CADEUS study: burden of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) utilization for musculoskeletal disorders in blue-collar workers. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2009;67(1):118–124.\n10. Buchbinder R, Green S, Youd JM. Corticosteroid injections for shoulder pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003(1):CD004016.\n11. Bisset L, Beller E, Jull G, Brooks P, Darnell R, Vicenzino B. Mobilisation with movement and exercise, corticosteroid injection, or wait and see for tennis elbow: randomised trial. BMJ. 2006;333(7575):939.\n12. Gaujoux-Viala C, Dougados M, Gossec L. Efficacy and safety of steroid injections for shoulder and elbow tendonitis: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Ann Rheum Dis. 2009;68(12):1843–1849.\n13. Brinks A, et al. Adverse effects of extra-articular corticosteroid injections: a systematic review. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2010;11:206.\n14. Roos EM, et al. Clinical improvement after 6 weeks of eccentric exercise in patients with mid-portion Achilles tendinopathy – a randomized trial with 1-year follow-up. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2004;14(5):286–295.\n15. Kingma JJ, et al. Eccentric overload training in patients with chronic Achilles tendinopathy: a systematic review. Br J Sports Med. 2007;41(6):e3.\n16. Alfredson H, Pietilä T, Jonsson P, Lorentzon R. Heavy-load eccentric calf muscle training for the treatment of chronic Achilles tendinosis. Am J Sports Med. 1998;26(3):360–366.\n17. Andres BM, Murrell GA. Treatment of tendinopathy: what works, what does not, and what is on the horizon. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2008;466(7):1539–1554.\n18. Reddy SS, et al. Surgical treatment for chronic disease and disorders of the Achilles tendon. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2009;17(1):3–14.\n19. Fahlström M, Jonsson P, Lorentzon R, Alfredson H. Chronic Achilles tendon pain treated with eccentric calf-muscle training. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2003;11(5):327–333.\n20. Rompe JD, Furia J, Maffulli N. Eccentric loading compared with shock wave treatment for chronic insertional achilles tendinopathy. A randomized, controlled trial. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2008;90(1):52–61.\n21. Lian OB, Engebretsen L, Bahr R. Prevalence of jumper's knee among elite athletes from different sports: a cross-sectional study. Am J Sports Med. 2005;33(4):561–567.\n22. Visnes H, Bahr R. The evolution of eccentric training as treatment for patellar tendinopathy (jumper's knee): a critical review of exercise programmes. Br J Sports Med. 2007;41(4):217–223.\n23. Bahr R, Fossan B, Løken S, Engebretsen L. Surgical treatment compared with eccentric training for patellar tendinopathy (jumper's knee). A randomized, controlled trial. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006;88(8):1689–1698.\n24. Willberg L, et al. Sclerosing polidocanol injections or arthroscopic shaving to treat patellar tendinopathy/jumper's knee? A randomised controlled study. Br J Sports Med. 2011;45(5):411–415.\n25. Coombes BK, et al. Efficacy and safety of corticosteroid injections and other injections for management of tendinopathy: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Lancet. 2010;376(9754):1751–1767.\n26. Smidt N, et al. Corticosteroid injections, physiotherapy, or a wait-and-see policy for lateral epicondylitis: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2002;359(9307):657–662.\n27. Coombes BK, et al. Effect of corticosteroid injection, physiotherapy, or both on clinical outcomes in patients with unilateral lateral epicondylagia: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2013;309(5):461–469.\n28. Peerbooms JC, Sluimer J, Bruijn DJ, Gosens T. Positive effect of an autologous platelet concentrate in lateral epicondylitis in a double-blind randomized controlled trial: platelet-rich plasma versus corticosteroid injection with a 1-year follow-up. Am J Sports Med. 2010;38(2):255–262.\n29. Creaney L, et al. Growth factor-based therapies provide additional benefit beyond physical therapy in resistant elbow tendinopathy: a prospective, single-blind, randomised trial of autologous blood injections versus platelet-rich plasma injections. Br J Sports Med. 2011;45(12):966–971.\n30. Paoloni JA, Murrell GA, Burch RM, Ang RY. Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of a new topical glyceryl trinitrate patch for chronic lateral epicondylosis. Br J Sports Med. 2009;43(4):299–302.\n31. Struijs PA, Kerkhoffs GM, Assendelft WJ, Van Dijk CN. Conservative treatment of lateral epicondylitis: brace versus physical therapy or a combination of both-a randomized clinical trial. Am J Sports Med. 2004;32(2):462–469.\n32. Buchbinder R, Johnston RV, Barnsley L, Assendelft WJ, Bell SN, Smidt N. Surgery for lateral elbow pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011;3(3):CD003525.\n33. Kuhn JE. Exercise in the treatment of rotator cuff impingement: a systematic review and a synthesized evidence-based rehabilitation protocol. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2009;18(1):138–160.\n34. Crawshaw DP, Helliwell PS, Hensor EM, Hay EM, Aldous SJ, Conaghan PG. Exercise therapy after corticosteroid injection for moderate to severe shoulder pain: large pragmatic randomised trial. BMJ. 2010;340:c3037.\n35. Ekeberg OM, Bautz-Holter E, Tveitå EK, Juel NG, Kvalheim S, Brox JI. Subacromial ultrasound guided or systemic steroid injection for rotator cuff disease: randomised double blind study. BMJ. 2009;338:a3112.\n36. Rabago D, Yelland M, Patterson J, Zgierska A. Prolotherapy for chronic musculoskeletal pain. Am Fam Physician. 2011;84(11):1208–1210.\n37. Tumilty S, Munn J, McDonough S, Hurley DA, Basford JR, Baxter GD. Low level laser treatment of tendinopathy: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Photomed Laser Surg. 2010;28(1):3–16.\n38. Kane TP, Ismail M, Calder JD. Topical glyceryl trinitrate and noninsertional Achilles tendinopathy: a clinical and cellular investigation. Am J Sports Med. 2008;36(6):1160–1163.\n39. de Vos RJ, Weir A, van Schie HT, et al. Platelet-rich plasma injection for chronic Achilles tendinopathy: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2010;303(2):144–149.\nAdd/view comments\nHide comments\nCopyright © 2013 by the American Academy of Family Physicians.\nThis content is owned by the AAFP. A person viewing it online may make one printout of the material and may use that printout only for his or her personal, non-commercial reference. This material may not otherwise be downloaded, copied, printed, stored, transmitted or reproduced in any medium, whether now known or later invented, except as authorized in writing by the AAFP. 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Sign up for the free AFP email table of contents.\nSign Up Now\nNavigate this Article\nContinue reading from April 1, 2013\nPrevious: Effect of Cocoa on Blood Pressure\nNext: Appropriate and Safe Use of Diagnostic Imaging\nView the full table of contents >>\nHome / Journals / afp / Vol. 87/No. 7(April 1, 2013) / Management of Chronic Tendon Injuries | 2019-04-26T00:28:24Z | "https://www.aafp.org/afp/2013/0401/p486.html" | www.aafp.org | 1 | 7 | 1 |
Athlete's Foot (Tinea Pedis) in Adults: Condition, Treatments, and Pictures - Overview | skinsight\nSKIN CONDITIONS HEALTH TOPICS FOR PROFESSIONALS\nSKIN CONDITIONS\nHOME\nSKIN CONDITIONS\nHEALTH TOPICS\nFOR PROFESSIONALS\nAthlete's Foot (Tinea Pedis)\n52403 34 Information for Adults Child Teen\nTable of Contents Overview\tWho's at Risk\tSigns and Symptoms\tSelf-Care Guidelines\tWhen to Seek Medical Care\tTreatments Your Provider May Prescribe\tTrusted Links\tReferences\ncaption goes here...\nImages of Tinea Pedis (Athlete's Foot, Ringworm of Foot or Feet)\nClose Video\nOverview\nAthlete's foot (tinea pedis), also known as ringworm of the foot, is a surface (superficial) fungal infection of the skin of the foot. The most common fungal disease in humans, athlete's foot, may be passed to humans by direct contact with infected people, infected animals, contaminated objects (such as towels or locker room floors), or the soil.\nWho's at risk?\nAthlete's foot may occur in people of all ages, of all races, and of both sexes. However, athlete's foot is more common in males than in females. Children rarely develop athlete's foot.\nSome conditions make athlete's foot more likely to occur:\nLiving in warm, humid climates\nUsing public or community pools or showers\nWearing tight, non-ventilated footwear\nSweating profusely\nHaving diabetes or a weak immune system\nSigns and Symptoms\nThe most common locations for athlete's foot include:\nSpaces (webs) between the toes, especially between the 4th and 5th toes and between the 3rd and 4th toes\nSoles of the feet\nTops of the feet\nAthlete's foot may affect one or both feet. It can look different depending on which part of the foot (or feet) is involved and which fungus (ie, dermatophyte) has caused the infection:\nOn the top of the foot, athlete's foot appears as a red scaly patch or patches, ranging in size from 1 to 5 cm. The border of the affected skin may be raised, with bumps, blisters, or scabs. Often, the center of the lesion has normal-appearing skin with a ring-shaped edge, leading to the descriptive but inaccurate name ringworm. (It is inaccurate because there is no worm involved.)\nBetween the toes (the interdigital spaces), athlete's foot may appear as inflamed, scaly, and soggy tissue. Splitting of the skin (fissures) may be present between or under the toes. This form of athlete's foot tends to be quite itchy.\nOn the sole of the foot (the plantar surface), athlete's foot may appear as pink-to-red skin with scales ranging from mild to widespread (diffuse).\nAnother type of tinea pedis infection, called bullous tinea pedis, has painful and itchy blisters on the arch (instep) and/or the ball of the foot.\nThe most severe form of tinea pedis infection, called ulcerative tinea pedis, appears as painful blisters, pus-filled bumps (pustules), and shallow open sores (ulcers). These lesions are especially common between the toes but may involve the entire sole. Because of the numerous breaks in the skin, lesions commonly become infected with bacteria. Ulcerative tinea pedis occurs most frequently in people with diabetes and others with weak immune systems.\nSelf-Care Guidelines\nIf you suspect that you have athlete's foot, you might try one of the following over-the-counter antifungal creams or lotions:\nTerbinafine\nClotrimazole\nMiconazole\nApply the antifungal cream between the toes and to the soles of both feet for at least 2 weeks after the areas are completely clear of lesions.\nIn addition, try to keep your feet dry, creating a condition where the fungus cannot live and grow:\nWash your feet daily and dry them carefully, even using a hair dryer (on low setting) if possible.\nUse a separate towel for your feet, and do not share this towel with anyone else.\nWear socks made of cotton or wool, and change them once or twice a day, or even more often if they become damp.\nAvoid shoes made of synthetic materials such as rubber or vinyl.\nWear sandals as often as possible.\nApply antifungal powder to your feet and inside your shoes every day.\nWear protective footwear in locker rooms and public or community pools and showers.\nWhen to Seek Medical Care\nIf the lesions do not improve after 2 weeks of applying over-the-counter antifungal creams or if they are exceptionally itchy or painful, see your doctor for an evaluation. If you have blisters, pustules, and/or ulcers on your feet, see a doctor as soon as possible.\nTreatments Your Physician May Prescribe\nTo confirm the diagnosis of athlete's foot, your physician might scrape some surface skin material (scales) onto a glass slide and examine them under a microscope. This procedure, called a KOH (potassium hydroxide) preparation, allows the doctor to look for tell-tale signs of fungal infection.\nOnce the diagnosis of athlete's foot has been confirmed, your physician will probably start treatment with an antifungal medication. Most infections can be treated with topical creams and lotions, including:\nOver-the-counter preparations such as terbinafine, clotrimazole, or miconazole\nPrescription-strength creams such as econazole, oxiconazole, ciclopirox, ketoconazole, sulconazole, naftifine, or butenafine\nOther topical medications your physician may consider:\nCompounds containing urea, lactic acid, or salicylic acid to help dissolve the scale and allow the antifungal cream to penetrate better into the skin\nSolutions containing aluminum chloride, which reduces sweating of the foot\nAntibiotic creams to prevent or treat bacterial infections, if present\nRarely, more extensive infections or those not improving with topical antifungal medications may require 3–4 weeks of treatment with oral antifungal pills, including:\nTerbinafine\nItraconazole\nGriseofulvin\nFluconazole\nKetoconazole\nThe infection should go away within 4–6 weeks after using effective treatment.\nTrusted Links\nMedlinePlus: Athlete's FootClinical Information and Differential Diagnosis of Tinea Pedis (Athlete's Foot, Ringworm of Foot or Feet)\nReferences\nBolognia, Jean L., ed. Dermatology, pp.1174-1185. New York: Mosby, 2003.\nFreedberg, Irwin M., ed. Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine. 6th ed. pp.1251, 2000-2001, 2337, 2340-2041, 2446-2447. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2003.\nTable of Contents Overview\tWho's at Risk\tSigns and Symptoms\tSelf-Care Guidelines\tWhen to Seek Medical Care\tTreatments Your Provider May Prescribe\tTrusted Links\tReferences\nShare\nTable of Contents Overview\tWho's at Risk\tSigns and Symptoms\tSelf-Care Guidelines\tWhen to Seek Medical Care\tTreatments Your Provider May Prescribe\tTrusted Links\tReferences\nTools & Resources Skin Condition Finder Library of skin conditions and skin diseases MedlinePlus: Athlete's FootClinical Information and Differential Diagnosis of Tinea Pedis (Athlete's Foot, Ringworm of Foot or Feet)\nShare this Page Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share by Email\nAbout Us\nTerms of Use\nContact Us\nHealth Topics Archive\nSkin Condition Searches\n© 2006 - 2019 VisualDx. All rights reserved.\nUse of this site constitutes acceptance of Skinsight's terms of service and privacy policy. The material on this site is for informational purposes only, and is not a substitute for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment provided by a qualified health care provider. | 2019-04-22T10:31:47Z | "https://www.skinsight.com/skin-conditions/adult/tinea-pedis-athletes-foot" | www.skinsight.com | 1 | 5 | 1 |
August 2018 – LightSources\nSkip to content\nLightSources\nLightSources and our affiliated companies represent the leading high-tech designers and light bulb manufacturers in the lamp industry today.\nMonth: August 2018\nPosted on August 31, 2018 August 10, 2018\nEffective UV Curing Requires the Right UV Lamp\nUltraviolet radiation is utilized in many industrial and commercial processes worldwide to instantly dry and cure polymers. When polymers such as epoxies, silicone and polyurethane are exposed to UV radiation, a photochemical reaction occurs which bonds and seals the polymer within seconds of exposure.\nThere are many advantages of using UV curing over other curing methods such as air drying or using chemicals. Air drying polymers leaves the coating susceptible to contaminants such as dust to affect the quality of the surface as well as evaporation which can leave an uneven surface and an inconsistent process. Using chemicals can pose a health risk to employees and requires purchasing, storing and disposing of chemicals properly.\nUV curing delivers a quick and consistent process which results in enhanced product durability and strength without evaporation or contamination.\nLightSources Offers UV Lamps for Curing\nLightSources and our valued European partner, LightTech, are recognized as the leading global suppliers of high-tech lighting solutions worldwide. We offer skilled design engineers with expertise in all UV applications and in-depth knowledge of UV technology. Our lamps are used in UV curing applications worldwide across many industries including graphic design, screen printing, aerospace and automotive processes.\nWe partner with you to develop the most advantageous UV curing system which deliver long lasting, high-performance with energy efficient, cost saving lighting solutions. We provide custom developed phosphor blends to perfectly match your required wavelength, measured in nanometer (nm) that delivers the optimum UV reaction. UV curing is proven to be highly effective while offering a safe work environment in a low maintenance, cost saving process.\nThe LightSources Group offers a wide selection of standard lamp sizes and shapes with custom designs available. Our UVC germicidal lamps are proven to instantly eradicate harmful bacteria and viruses on surfaces, in air and water. We invest in continual research and development to deliver first to market lamps and lighting solutions that outperform the competition with high performance and long lasting cost savings.\nLightSources and our valued partner companies are the leading global high-tech lamp designers, providing the most advanced warehouse and lighting solutions available today. We have decades of expertise and in-depth knowledge of the technology behind UV radiation to provide the optimum lamp style for your process. Contact us today to speak with a knowledgeable engineer about the UV curing solution that meets your specifications.\nAdvertisements\nPosted on August 26, 2018 August 10, 2018\nHigh Performance UV Lamps for Ballast Water Treatment Systems\nUVC radiation is a highly effective, proven method of sterilizing and purifying water, air and surfaces. With the new Ballast Water Treatment Convention, BWTC, that went into full effect last September of 2017, shipping companies are required to maintain an effective system on board their vessel. Contaminated ballast water is considered to be one of the top 5 threats to the sustainability of the planet’s oceans, as foreign marine organisms are picked up in one port and released in another.\nThis has wreaked havoc on the fishing industry in many shipping ports and threatened the safety of human life in cases where foreign invaders take over without their natural predators. Jellyfish have been known to multiply to uncontrollable levels while mussels attach to structures such as dams and bridges causing damage by upsetting the natural ecosystem. UV lamps utilized in ballast water sterilization systems solves this problem with a highly effective and simple to maintain system.\nUV Lamps with Powerful Water Sterilization Effects\nUltraviolet technology is proven to sterilize water by instantly killing bacteria, viruses and microorganisms naked to the human eye. With powerful wavelengths emitted at 254 nanometer, nm, the DNA of these living organisms is immediately altered making them unable to replicate rendering them harmless.\nLightSources Offers Patented UV Lamps for Water Treatment\nLightSources and our European partner, LightTech, are recognized leaders in the lamp industry with high-tech lighting solutions with innovative products. We design, engineer and manufacture UVC germicidal lamps found in numerous sterilization processes worldwide. We offer Low-Pressure Amalgam lamps developed with proprietary technology and Medium Pressure UV, MPUV, lamps which provide the same powerful sterilization in a small footprint.\nOur experienced engineers are considered experts on all things related to fluorescent and Ultraviolet technology, delivering first to market products which provide long lasting performance with energy efficiency cost savings. Due to our high performance lamps, your maintenance costs are reduced with long lasting performance.\nLightSources and our valued partner companies are recognized for producing superior lamps and lighting solutions, providing high-tech solutions with innovation products. Contact us today to learn more about our highly effective and low costs UV lamps for ballast water treatment systems.\nPosted on August 22, 2018 August 10, 2018\nLight Therapy Treats Diabetes and Depression\nPhototherapy is used to treat a host of medical conditions, including many skin conditions such as eczema, psoriasis and acne, along with many other medical ailments such as diabetes and depression. UV light at the proper wavelength is proven to kill bacteria which improves wound healing and is very effective at preventing a serious eye condition which causes blindness in diabetics.\nPrevent Diabetic Retinopathy with UV Light Therapy\nDiabetic Retinopathy is a serious eye condition which affects 80% of all diabetics that have had the disease for 20 years or more and is the leading cause of blindness in people ages 20 to 64. This serious eye condition can be prevented with UV light treatment, especially when administered early.\nPhototherapy with UV light helps to prevent damage to the retina in 90% of all cases. If you or someone you know is living with diabetes, be sure to talk with a doctor about UV light treatment to prevent Diabetic Retinopathy.\nLight Therapy Helps Treat Depression\nLight therapy is proven to alleviate symptoms in people suffering from depression and is key in helping people with Seasonal Affective Disorder, SAD. Consistency is the key for successful results when treating mood disorders with light therapy, which is proven effective when administered with the right type of lamp under a doctor’s care.\nLightSources Offers Proven Phototherapy Solutions\nLightSources is a leader in UV lamp design, engineering and manufacturing, providing the most effective UV lamps available. We offer light therapy lamps manufactured to your specifications to treat a host of medical conditions, with custom lamp development available from our skilled engineering team. We are a leading global supplier of fluorescent and UV solutions which deliver high performance and energy efficient cost savings.\nLightSources and our valued partners represent the leading high-tech lamp designers and manufacturers available in the lamp industry today. We provide lamp and lighting solutions to a multitude of applications including patented products for light therapy treatment. Contact us today to learn more about our proven solutions with phototherapy lamps.\nPosted on August 19, 2018 August 10, 2018\nPhototherapy Lamps for Effective Psoriasis Treatment\nPhototherapy is using light to provide a therapeutic treatment and is proven to be highly effective at treating and curing many medical conditions. Light therapy is used worldwide to help patients suffering from a host of various ailments. It is important to know which type of light works best for specific conditions, as the wrong lighting may not help at all or could worsen some conditions.\nWorking with your doctor and respected lighting and phototherapy lamp providers can provide assurance that you are receiving the right type of treatment for your condition.\nPhototherapy Successfully Treats Psoriasis and Other Skin Conditions\nThe National Psoriasis Foundation endorses the uses of phototherapy to treat psoriasis when under a doctor’s care. Indoor tanning beds do not provide the same effective wavelength of UV light to treat psoriasis and can further damage skin. It is important to use the right type of phototherapy lamps when treating psoriasis.\nUVB light is effective in treating psoriasis by slowing down the production of new skin cells which allows the skin to heal. Patients may be sent home with a special phototherapy lamp which emits the proper amount of UVB rays.\nLight therapy is also highly effective at treating other skin conditions such as eczema, acne, vitiligo and jaundice.\nLight Therapy for Jaundice Treatment\nUV light is used in hospitals in the newborn unit to treat jaundice in newborn babies. Jaundice occurs when the liver does not break down toxins like a fully developed or well-functioning liver would. UV light effectively breaks down bilirubin in the blood which is why these lamps are often referred to as ‘bili’ lights. Phototherapy lamps used to treat jaundice may even be sent home with new parents to help nurture their baby’s liver to a healthy state.\nLightSources and our valued partners represent the leading high-tech lamp designers and manufacturers available in the lamp industry today. We provide lamps and lighting solutions to a multitude of applications including patented products for light therapy treatment. Contact us today to learn more about our proven solutions with phototherapy lamps.\nPosted on August 16, 2018 August 10, 2018\nUV Lamp Prototypes Developed with Your Patented Property\nThe LightSources Group provides assistance to OEMs large and small in developing patented lighting solutions with quick turn around on prototype products. The LightSources Group offers vast resources which include LightSources in the U.S. and China, our European partner, LightTech which maintains a state-of-the-art, modern glass factory in Hungary, and our valued partners LCD Lighting, Cerlux, and Voltarc. LCD Lighting specializes in miniature fluorescent lamps, Cerlux offers custom designed components and ceramic bases, and Voltarc is a leading global supplier of lighted signs in any application.\nTogether, The LightSources Group delivers expertise with all lighting solutions, partnering with you to develop your project with optimum performance at the specific wavelength required for your application. We provide custom solutions with phosphor blends to reach your specific nanometer, nm, in either ozone generating or ozone free specifications.\nLightSources Offers Prototype Solutions\nLightSources provides in-depth knowledge and expertise to assist OEMs worldwide with project development to reach your goals. We assist with development of your own patented products which enhance your brand awareness and increase your market share. Our lighting solutions and custom lamps are found in virtually any lighting application including:\nUV lamps used in screen printing applications\nTanning lamps with patented technology for a better, longer lasting tan\nUV lamps utilized in processes to cure polymers, coatings and inks\nHigh performance UVC germicidal lamps for instant sterilization and purification of air, water and surfaces\nSpecialty neon sign fluorescent lamps\nMini-fluorescent lamps for reliable avionic display and backlighting applications\nLightSources offers proven lighting solutions with exceptional customer service. Our engineers understand the technology behind all UV applications, providing the most effective lamp for your application. We assist you in designing energy efficient applications with long lasting bulb performance to decrease costs while improving the quality of your process.\nWith our vast resources, we provide experienced engineering services for effective prototype solutions which improve your process and lower your costs. Learn how to enhance your brand awareness with customized lamp components, bases and sockets in any color combination or designed to match your logo.\nLightSources and our valued partners represent the leading high-tech designers and manufacturers in the lamp industry today. We offer custom OEM oriented solutions which enhance your brand awareness and increase market share. Contact us today to learn more about developing your own patented products with our energy efficient, high performance fluorescent and UV lamps.\nPosted on August 13, 2018 August 10, 2018\nUV Air Purification Provides Clean and Healthy Air\nUV air purification and sterilization systems are proven to effectively clean the air we breathe, providing healthy air for people in residential and commercial settings. Commercial building owners in particular owe it to their patrons and residents to provide safe air free from harmful contaminants. UV air purification safely and effectively removes harmful contaminants including viruses, bacteria, microorganisms and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the air to prevent the spread of airborne illnesses.\nAir purification is especially important in settings where people with compromised immune systems frequent such as doctor’s offices, medical complexes, nursing homes and hospitals. HVAC air purification delivers a higher quality of air with proven sterilization methods to promote health and wellness.\nUVC Germicidal Lamps Eliminate Bacteria\nUVC germicidal lamps eliminate bacteria and viruses even naked to the human eye with powerful UVC radiation which is completely safe with no harmful side effects. UVC light emitted at 254 nanometer, the wavelength most effective for germicidal effectiveness, kills harmful contaminants on contact within seconds. Instant exposure alters the DNA of these viruses making them harmless and unable to reproduce.\nOzone emitting systems also remove odors from the air, although may contribute to eroding some HVAC and cooling systems so be sure to speak with a UVC germicidal specialist to install the right system for the right application.\nLightSources Offers Effective UVC Germicidal Lamps\nLightSources is recognized as a leading provider of UV lamps including UVC germicidal systems utilized around the globe for air, water and surface sterilization. Our UVC germicidal lamps include patented technology to provide longer lasting powerful germ killing effectiveness. We offer a wide selection of UV lamps in virtually any standard size available with custom designed UV solutions available from our engineering team with expertise in UVC technology. Our UV lamps are available with custom ceramic bases in any color, electronic ballasts and quartz sleeves.\nLightSources and our affiliated companies represent the leading high-tech designers and manufacturers in the lamp industry today. Our products are used world-wide in a multitude of applications and industries such as our UVC germicidal lamps used in air purification systems. 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Understanding Headache Pain and Finding Relief | Aleve®\nMenu\nBAYER GLOBAL\n®\nLive Well\nUnderstand Pain\nProducts\nThe Aleve Difference\nALEVE\nALEVE-D\nALEVE DIRECT THERAPY\nFAQ\nSave\nHealthcare Professionals\n|\nContact Us\nBayer Global\nfind us at\nFIND US AT\nThe Aleve Difference\nALEVE\nAleve Caplets\nAleve Tablets\nAleve Back & Muscle Pain\nAleve Gelcaps\nAleve Liquid Gels\nAleve Arthritis Cap\nALEVE-D\nAleve-D Sinus & Cold\nAleve-D Sinus & Headache\nALEVE PM\nAleve PM\nALEVE DIRECT THERAPY\nAleve Direct Therapy Tens Device\nAleve Direct Therapy Gel Pads\nHow Aleve Direct Therapy Works\nALEVE FAQ\nGeneral Info About Aleve\nIngredients in Aleve\nAleve Dosage\nAleve Labeling Info & Usage\nAleve Packaging\nAleve PM Product FAQs\nAleve-D Product FAQs\nGeneral Sinus & Cold FAQ\nALEVE DIRECT THERAPY TENS DEVICE FAQ\nTENS Technology\nAleve Direct Therapy\nSafety\nHow to Use\nOperating the Device\nMaintenance & Storage\nTrouble Shooting\nReturn Policy\nToggle navigation Menu\n®\nBayer Global\nLive Well\nUnderstand Pain\nProducts\nThe Aleve Difference\nAleve\nAleve-D\nAleve-D Sinus & Headache\nAleve PM\nALEVE DIRECT THERAPY\nFAQ\nALEVE FAQ\nALEVE DIRECT THERAPY FAQ\nCelebrate Strength\nSave\nHealthcare Professionals\nContact Us\nBayer Global\nFind Us At\nRELATED ARTICLES\nBack & Muscle Pain\nArthritis Pain\nBack Pain\nCold & Sinus Symptoms\nHeadache Pain\nKnee Pain\nShoulder Pain\nback to top\nBack & Muscle Pain\nArthritis Pain\nBack Pain\nCold & Sinus\nHeadache Pain\nKnee Pain\nShoulder Pain\nUnderstand Pain Articles\nUnderstand Pain\nUnderstand Your Headache Pain\nA headache. It can feel quite literally like the worst thing in the world. Let’s get to the cause of your headache so you can get back to living your days uninterrupted by pain.\nshare\nThe basics of headache pain\nHeadaches happen when the nerve endings in different parts of your head and neck become irritated. There are many different kinds of headaches that occur for a variety of reasons. Here are some of the most common:\nTension headache\nDull pressure or tightness on both sides of the head and sometimes the neck\nCan last anywhere from half an hour to a whole week\nCan cause fatigue in some people\nExact cause is unknown—stress appears to be a common trigger\nMigraine\nThrobbing on one or both sides of the head\nCan range from moderate to severe pain\nUsually lasts 4-72 hours\nCan cause additional symptoms, like nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light and sounds\nExact cause isn’t entirely understood, but environmental factors and genetics may contribute\nTriggers include stress, changes in sleep patterns, certain foods and food additives (like the sweetener aspartame), certain types of medications, and hormonal changes in women\nCluster headaches\nSharp, severe pain that comes on quickly, usually around or behind one eye\n>\nOccur in frequent attacks, or “clusters,” that can go on for weeks or months\nEach attack can last 15 minutes to 3 hours\nCan cause additional symptoms, like tearing, runny nose, congestion and agitation\nNo known causes, but an abnormal hypothalamus (part of the brain that plays a role in nervous and endocrine systems) may play a role\nNo known triggers, but drinking alcohol during a cluster headache can cause an even worse headache\n\"Get back to living your days uninterrupted by pain.\"\nWhat you can do about it\nThe first step to relieving your headache pain is trying to figure out what kind of headache you have. Consult with your doctor for a diagnosis as some can be serious.\nFor tension headache symptoms, try over-the-counter pain medications, like Aleve, [Link to 3.1 The Aleve Difference] which can help relieve the pain when used as directed. If that isn’t enough, consult with your doctor.\nThere are also drug-free options for everyone. People who suffer from headache may benefit from supporting therapies, whole-living strategies and better-quality sleep.\nTips You can use right now\nKnow your headache\nTip 1 of 3\nConsult with your doctor to determine what kind of headache you have and the treatment plan that will give you the best relief. The time and pattern of attacks are important, so keep a diary of exactly when you are getting headaches, what might be triggering them and what helps relieve the pain. This information can help your doctor identify your headache type.\nTips You can use right now\nAn ounce of prevention\nTip 2 of 3\nThe best way to deal with headaches is to stop them from happening. The next time you speak to your doctor, ask what you can do to prevent headaches. Here are some questions to help you start the discussion: Will exercise or other lifestyle habits help? Is there an underlying cause that can be treated? Are there medications for preventing headaches?\nTips You can use right now\nTake a deep breath\nTip 3 of 3\nBreathing exercises can be helpful when you have a particularly bad headache. In a comfortable place, close your eyes and picture relaxation entering your body and tension leaving it. Take a normal breath, then a deep breath in slowly through the nose, with chest and lower belly rising as your lungs fill, abdomen expanding fully, then out through the mouth or nose. Repeat for a few minutes.\nPrevious Next\n12-hour relief from pain, sinus pressure and nasal congestion\nSee Aleve-D Sinus & Headache>\nLife can be overwhelming at times\nFind Balance >\nAll Day Strong can be an attitude\nSee what we mean >\nYou are now leaving Aleve.com\nBayer and its affiliates are not responsible for the content presented by any independent website, including any advertising claims, special offers, illustrations, names or endorsements.\nCancel >\nContinue >\nFor healthcare professionals\nThe information contained in this section of the site is intended for U.S. healthcare professionals only.\nAre you a U.S. healthcare professional?\nNo >\nYES >\nLive Well\nUnderstand Pain\nCelebrate Strength\nSave\nFAQ\nAleve FAQ\nAleve Direct Therapy TENS Device FAQ\nThe Aleve Difference\nAleve\nAleve Caplets\nAleve Tablets\nAleve Gelcaps\nAleve Liquid Gels\nAleve Arthritis Cap\nAleve PM\nAleve PM\nAleve-D\nAleve-D Sinus & Cold\nAleve-D Sinus & Headache\nAleve Direct Therapy TENS Device\nAleve Direct Therapy\nHow Aleve Direct Therapy Works\nSite Map\nBayer\nCopyright 2019 Bayer. 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UA Cancer Center team questions safety, efficacy of selenium and colorectal cancer risk | Scienmag: Latest Science and Health News\nSign in\nWelcome, Login to your account.\nForget password? Remember me\nSign in\nRecover your password.\nA password will be e-mailed to you.\nTrending\nVanderbilt University to develop and test 'safe harbor' standards of care\nStudy shows continuing impacts of Deepwater Horizon oil spill\nA universal framework combining genome annotation and undergraduate education\nSlovenia's University of Ljubljana wins 23rd Annual Student Design/Build/Fly Competition\nDecoding cellular signals linked to hypospadias\nCommentary: Modifications to Medicare rules could support care innovation for dialysis\nPeople with heart disease at risk when pharmacies close\nTriplet superconductivity demonstrated under high pressure\nStudy: Opioid dose variability may be a risk factor for opioid overdose\nNew method to detect off-target effects of CRISPR\nScienmag - Science news and articles on health, environment, global warming, stem cells, bird flu, autism, nanotechnology, dinosaurs, evolution -- the latest discoveries in astronomy, anthropology, biology, chemistry, climate & bioengineering, computers, engineering ; medicine, math, physics, psychology, technology, and more from the world's leading research centers universities.\nHOME\nNEWS\nBIOLOGY\nMEDICINE & HEALTH\nCOMMUNITY\nFACEBOOK\nCONTACT US\nHome\nNEWS\nCancer\nUA Cancer Center team questions safety, efficacy of selenium and colorectal cancer risk\nUA Cancer Center team questions safety, efficacy of selenium and colorectal cancer risk\nCancer\nLast updated Oct 14, 2016\nShare\nCredit: University of Arizona Health Sciences\nTUCSON, Ariz. – A 12-year study led by a team of University of Arizona Cancer Center researchers is bringing into question the safety and efficacy of selenium, a popular nutritional supplement touted to combat and reduce the risk of colorectal cancer.\nThe findings indicate the need for a significant change in practice, given that selenium supplements cannot be recommended for preventing colorectal cancer.\nSelenium has been a popular nutritional supplement for decades, touted for its antioxidant properties and its role in stopping free radicals from damaging cells and DNA. Studies have shown a deficiency of this micronutrient to be associated with cancer risk.\nHowever, a randomized clinical trial involving 1,824 participants from clinical centers in Arizona, Colorado, Texas and New York indicates that selenium supplements failed to prevent the development of colon polyps, but significantly increased the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in older individuals.\n\"The possibility that selenium supplements may increase the risk of type 2 diabetes has been hinted at before,\" said Peter Lance, MD, deputy director of the UA Cancer Center and the study's principal investigator. \"But this is the first study to have substantiated such a risk in the setting of a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.\" Study participants were randomized to take 200 mcg of selenium as selenized yeast or a placebo daily.\nThe trial also looked at celecoxib, a selective COX-2 inhibitor non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), versus placebo. While the once-daily 400 mg dose prevented colon polyps in high-risk patients, it increased the risk of hypertension in those with pre-existing cardiovascular risk factors. \"Our study has added important refinements to understanding who may benefit most from the colon polyp-preventing effects of celecoxib and how best to avoid cardiovascular toxicity caused by this agent,\" added Dr. Lance.\nFurther UA-led studies are under way to define the biological mechanisms underlying the effects, including toxicity, of selenium supplements. A study is planned to target celecoxib to those patients who will benefit most from the colon polyp-preventing actions of celecoxib while minimizing cardiovascular toxicity.\nThe findings of the Selenium and Celecoxib Trial recently were published online before print in two articles in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute (JNCI): \"Selenium Supplementation for Prevention of Colorectal Adenomas and Risk of Associated Type 2 Diabetes\" and \"Celecoxib for the Prevention of Colorectal Adenomas: Results of a Suspended Randomized Controlled Trial\". The articles will appear in print in the December 2016 issue of JNCI.\n###\nIn addition to Dr. Lance, other members of the study's research team were UA Cancer Center members Patricia A. Thompson (now with the State University of New York at Stony Brook), Erin L. Ashbeck, Denise J. Roe, Liane Fales, Julie Buckmeier, Fang Wang, Achyut Bhattacharyya, Chiu-Hsieh Hsu, H-H. Sherry Chow, David S. Alberts and Elizabeth T. Jacobs; and also Dennis J. Ahnen, Denver Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Colorado; C. Richard Boland, Baylor University Medical Center; Russell I. Heigh, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale; David E. Fay, Endoscopy Center of Western New York; Stanley R. Hamilton, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; and Maria Elena Martinez, University of California, San Diego.\nThe Selenium and Celecoxib Trial was supported by National Cancer Institute grants P01 CA041108 and R01 CA151708.\nAbout the University of Arizona Cancer Center\nThe University of Arizona Cancer Center is the only National Cancer Institute-designated Comprehensive Cancer Center headquartered in Arizona. The UACC is supported by NCI Cancer Center Support Grant number CA023074. With primary locations at the University of Arizona in Tucson and at St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center in Phoenix, the Cancer Center has more than a dozen research and education offices in Phoenix and throughout the state and 300 physician and scientist members work together to prevent and cure cancer. For more information, please go to uacc.arizona.edu\nAbout the UA Health Sciences\nThe University of Arizona Health Sciences is the statewide leader in biomedical research and health professions training. The UA Health Sciences includes the UA Colleges of Medicine (Phoenix and Tucson), Nursing, Pharmacy and Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, with main campus locations in Tucson and the growing Phoenix Biomedical Campus in downtown Phoenix. From these vantage points, the UA Health Sciences reaches across the state of Arizona and the greater Southwest to provide cutting-edge health education, research, patient care and community outreach services. A major economic engine, the UA Health Sciences employs almost 5,000 people, has nearly 1,000 faculty members and garners more than $126 million in research grants and contracts annually. For more information: http://uahs.arizona.edu\nMedia Contact\nCody Cassidy\n[email protected]\n520-626-8018\nhttp://uahs.arizona.edu/\nShare FacebookTwitterGoogle+ReddItWhatsAppPinterestEmail\nPrev Post\nInternational Human Cell Atlas Initiative\nNext Post\nImaging with new biomarker tracks tumor progression, response to brain cancer treatment\nYou might also like More from author\nCancer\nStudies identify mechanism key to removal of protein aggregates from cells\nCancer\nDiet high in leucine may fuel breast cancer's drug resistance\nCancer\nKey protein a possible new target in the treatment of pancreatic cancer\nCancer\nThree studies show how tumors hijack the immune system to resist radiation therapy\nPrev Next\nComments\nPlease enable JavaScript to view the comments powered by Disqus.\nPopular Posts\nBiology\nBridging the gaps in global conservation\nScienmag May 9, 2018\nCredit: Photo by Eutah Mizushima on Unsplash. The BioScience Talks podcast)features discussions of topical…\nUnless we spot changes, most life experiences are fabricated from…\nJul 24, 2018\nNew quick-fix wrap by NTU and JTC can repair and reinforce existing…\nApr 8, 2019\nPrev Next\n© 2019 - Scienmag: Latest Science and Health News. All Rights Reserved.\nScienmag Science Magazine\nSign in\nWelcome, Login to your account.\nForget password? Remember me\nSign in\nRecover your password.\nA password will be e-mailed to you. | 2019-04-20T01:21:42Z | "https://scienmag.com/ua-cancer-center-team-questions-safety-efficacy-of-selenium-and-colorectal-cancer-risk/" | scienmag.com | 1 | 3 | 1 |
Truth or Fiction: Unmasking Common Winter Health Myths | AFC Urgent Care Malden\nWeekdays 8am-8pm | Weekends 8am-5pm\nCheck In Online\nCall us: 781.322.7300\n219 Centre St | Malden MA 02148\nHome\nAbout\nOur Physicians\nAccepted Insurances\nUrgent Care in The Press\nTestimonials\nAbout Our Name Change\nNews & Updates\nPrivacy Policy\nPatient Services\nFirst aid basics\nUrgent Care\nGeneral Illness\nEar Cleaning\nER Alternative\nFamily Care\nLab Testing\nSTD Testing\nFlu Shots\nLead Testing\nGeneral Health Screenings\nPhysical Exams\nSports & Camp Physicals\nImmigration Physicals\nTravel Medicine\nVaccinations\nSeasonal Allergies\nEmployer Services\nDOT Physicals\nPre-Employment Physicals\nWorkers’ Compensation\nDrug Testing\nOther Occupational Health Services\nContact Us\nDirections\nMBTA Directions\nCareers\nSign up for our Newsletter\nHome\nAbout\nOur Physicians\nAccepted Insurances\nUrgent Care in The Press\nTestimonials\nAbout Our Name Change\nNews & Updates\nPrivacy Policy\nPatient Services\nFirst aid basics\nUrgent Care\nGeneral Illness\nEar Cleaning\nER Alternative\nFamily Care\nLab Testing\nSTD Testing\nFlu Shots\nLead Testing\nGeneral Health Screenings\nPhysical Exams\nSports & Camp Physicals\nImmigration Physicals\nTravel Medicine\nVaccinations\nSeasonal Allergies\nEmployer Services\nDOT Physicals\nPre-Employment Physicals\nWorkers’ Compensation\nDrug Testing\nOther Occupational Health Services\nContact Us\nDirections\nMBTA Directions\nCareers\nSign up for our Newsletter\nTruth or Fiction: Unmasking Common Winter Health Myths\nHome\nBlog\nTruth or Fiction: Unmasking Common Winter Health Myths\nPrevious\tNext\nTruth or Fiction: Unmasking Common Winter Health Myths\n“Yes, mom, we heard you! We know it’s cold out there. We’re grabbing our coats right now!”\n“This scratchy throat and runny nose will definitely get better with some homemade chicken soup.”\n“Of course we promise to cough into our elbows.”\nWe’ve all heard our mothers’ best remedies and advice for cold and flu season, as well as some old wives’ tales that have been passed along from generation to generation. Whether it’s the “feed a cold, starve a fever” adage or a “Mother knows best” solution for colds and the flu, we’re taking a look at some of the most common winter health sayings and solutions out there. We’ll walk you through what’s good advice – thanks, Mom! — and what’s better left unsaid. Let’s get started!\n“Feed a cold, starve a fever”\nParts of this are true. Staying hydrated and eating nutritious food can help amp up your immune system when you have a cold. But the same thing goes for fever — calories can help give you the energy to fight off the infection.\n“A bowl of chicken soup will set you right!”\nScore one for mom! There’s a lot to love about chicken soup during cold and flu season. Any soup with lots of veggies can give you healthy nutrients that help with runny noses, sore throats and congestion. These ingredients help reduce the inflammation that causes these symptoms, putting you on the road to recovery. However, many illnesses take time to run their course, so view this as a help, not a cure!\n“Cough into your elbow to keep germs from spreading!”\nAnother great Mom-ism! Since most infections are passed by close contact, coughing into your hand is a surefire way to spread a cold or flu. You exhale the germs into your hand, then touch surfaces or people, passing on your sickness. Coughing into your elbow keeps the germs away from others. Just be sure to wash your clothes in warm water to keep the germs at bay.\n“Put a coat on. You’ll catch your death!”\nCold and flu season typically happen when it’s cold outside, so those winter weather means viruses will be going around. However, wearing a coat outside doesn’t prevent viral infections, nor does being cold make you more susceptible to them. In fact, more infections happen due to close contact with infected people indoors! They may not have been right about this one, but hey, you’ll definitely be more comfortable braving the cold weather with a coat, so keep this one in mind anyway!\n“You can’t go outside with wet hair!”\nMuch like the coat myth, going outside with wet hair may not be the most comfortable for you, but it’s pretty unlikely you’ll get sick from a less-than-thorough blow dry. The only time wet hair can actually cause problems is if you’re in danger of hypothermia.\nThough there’s a lot of advice out there that’s not spot-on, Mom was right about one thing: a little love can make anything better. According to a University of Wisconsin study, empathy can actually shorten the duration of a cold! The study found that cold patients whose doctors scored high on an empathy scale suffered a full day less than their counterparts whose doctors were not so nice.\nOur friendly doctors at AFC know that a little kindness goes a long way when it comes to cold and flu season, so while Mom may know best about some things, we’re also here to help ease you through those rough days with a little “doctor knows best” advice, too!\nWhat’s your best advice for beating a cold or the flu? Share those remedies with us!\nBy Jeff Pucko|2014-11-17T09:57:52+00:00November 17th, 2014|Blog|0 Comments\nShare This Story, Choose Your Platform!\nComments are closed.\nAFC Urgent Care Malden | 219 Centre Street\tMalden, MA 02148 | Phone: 781-322-7300 | Email: [email protected]\nSitemap\nCopyright 2015 American Family Care (Formerly Doctors Express) Important Notices | 2019-04-23T10:14:55Z | "https://www.afcurgentcaremalden.com/truth-or-fiction-unmasking-common-winter-health-myths/" | www.afcurgentcaremalden.com | 0 | 2 | 1 |
Louise Stmary – Page 2 – If you want to forget something or someone, never hate it, or never hate him/her. Everything and everyone that you hate is engraved upon your heart; if you want to let go of something, if you want to forget, you cannot hate.\nLouise Stmary\nIf you want to forget something or someone, never hate it, or never hate him/her. Everything and everyone that you hate is engraved upon your heart; if you want to let go of something, if you want to forget, you cannot hate.\nMenu\nWidgets\nSearch\nSkip to content\nHome\nAbout Louise\nSearch for:\nRecent Posts\nDiagnosing Mortons Neuroma\nLeg Length Discrepancy And Shoe Lifts\nWhat Is The Most Beneficial Solution For Heel Spur\nSimple Methods To Protect Against Heel Spur\nPhysical Therapy For Bursitis Of The Feet\nRecent Comments\nArchives\nMay 2017\nFebruary 2016\nSeptember 2015\nAugust 2015\nJune 2015\nMay 2015\nApril 2015\nMarch 2015\nJanuary 2015\nDecember 2014\nJune 2014\nMay 2014\nCategories\nAchilles Tendinitis\nAchilles Tendon\nAdult Aquired Flat Foot\nBunion Pain\nBursitis\nCalcaneal Spur\nFallen Arches\nFoot Conditions\nFoot Pain\nHammer Toe\nHammer Toes\nHeel Pain\nHeel Spur\nInferior Calcaneal Spur\nPlantar Fasciitis\nPosterior Calcaneal Spur\nSevers Disease\nShoe Lifts\nUncategorized\nMeta\nRegister\nLog in\nEntries RSS\nComments RSS\nWordPress.com\nSearch for:\nAcquired Flat Foot Tibialis Posterior Tendinopathy\nOverview\nAdult acquired flatfoot deformity, primarily posterior tibial tendon dysfunction, in many cases can be successfully managed with conservative treatment modalities including early immobilization, long-term bracing, physi?cal therapy, and anti-inflam?matory medications. Adult acquired flatfoot deformity (AAFD), the painful flatfoot deformity in adults, is a major cause of disability for a patient and can be a challenge for foot and ankle specialists.\nCauses\nCauses of an adult acquired flatfoot may include Neuropathic foot (Charcot foot) secondary to Diabetes mellitus, Leprosy, Profound peripheral neuritis of any cause. Degenerative changes in the ankle, talonavicular or tarsometatarsal joints, or both, secondary to Inflammatory arthropathy, Osteoarthropathy, Fractures, Acquired flatfoot resulting from loss of the supporting structures of the medial longitudinal arch. Dysfunction of the tibialis posterior tendon Tear of the spring (calcaneoanvicular) ligament (rare). Tibialis anterior rupture (rare). Painful flatfoot can have other causes, such as tarsal coalition, but as such a patient will not present with a change in the shape of the foot these are not included here.\nSymptoms\nYour feet tire easily or become painful with prolonged standing. It’s difficult to move your heel or midfoot around, or to stand on your toes. Your foot aches, particularly in the heel or arch area, with swelling along the inner side. Pain in your feet reduces your ability to participate in sports. You’ve been diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis; about half of all people with rheumatoid arthritis will develop a progressive flatfoot deformity.\nDiagnosis\nFirst, both feet should be examined with the patient standing and the entire lower extremity visible. The foot should be inspected from above as well as from behind the patient, as valgus angulation of the hindfoot is best appreciated when the foot is viewed from behind. Johnson described the so-called more-toes sign: with more advanced deformity and abduction of the forefoot, more of the lateral toes become visible when the foot is viewed from behind. The single-limb heel-rise test is an excellent determinant of the function of the posterior tibial tendon. The patient is asked to attempt to rise onto the ball of one foot while the other foot is suspended off the floor. Under normal circumstances, the posterior tibial muscle, which inverts and stabilizes the hindfoot, is activated as the patient begins to rise onto the forefoot. The gastrocnemius-soleus muscle group then elevates the calcaneus, and the heel-rise is accomplished. With dysfunction of the posterior tibial tendon, however, inversion of the heel is weak, and either the heel remains in valgus or the patient is unable to rise onto the forefoot. If the patient can do a single-limb heel-rise, the limb may be stressed further by asking the patient to perform this maneuver repetitively.\nNon surgical Treatment\nMedical or nonoperative therapy for posterior tibial tendon dysfunction involves rest, immobilization, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication, physical therapy, orthotics, and bracing. This treatment is especially attractive for patients who are elderly, who place low demands on the tendon, and who may have underlying medical problems that preclude operative intervention. During stage 1 posterior tibial tendon dysfunction, pain, rather than deformity, predominates. Cast immobilization is indicated for acute tenosynovitis of the posterior tibial tendon or for patients whose main presenting feature is chronic pain along the tendon sheath. A well-molded short leg walking cast or removable cast boot should be used for 6-8 weeks. Weight bearing is permitted if the patient is able to ambulate without pain. If improvement is noted, the patient then may be placed in custom full-length semirigid orthotics. The patient may then be referred to physical therapy for stretching of the Achilles tendon and strengthening of the posterior tibial tendon. Steroid injection into the posterior tibial tendon sheath is not recommended due to the possibility of causing a tendon rupture. In stage 2 dysfunction, a painful flexible deformity develops, and more control of hindfoot motion is required. In these cases, a rigid University of California at Berkley (UCBL) orthosis or short articulated ankle-foot orthosis (AFO) is indicated. Once a rigid flatfoot deformity develops, as in stage 3 or 4, bracing is extended above the ankle with a molded AFO, double upright brace, or patellar-tendon-bearing brace. The goals of this treatment are to accommodate the deformity, prevent or slow further collapse, and improve walking ability by transferring load to the proximal leg away from the collapsed medial midfoot and heel.\nSurgical Treatment\nUntil recently, operative treatment was indicated for most patients with stage 2 deformities. However, with the use of potentially effective nonoperative management , operative treatment is now indicated for those patients that have failed nonoperative management. The principles of operative treatment of stage 2 deformities include transferring another tendon to help serve the role of the dysfunctional posterior tibial tendon (usually the flexor hallucis longus is transferred). Restoring the shape and alignment of the foot. This moves the weight bearing axis back to the center of the ankle. Changing the shape of the foot can be achieved by one or more of the following procedures. Cutting the heel bone and shifting it to the inside (Medializing calcaneal osteotomy). Lateral column lengthening restores the arch and overall alignment of the foot. Medial column stabilization. This stiffens the ray of the big toe to better support the arch. Lengthening of the Achilles tendon or Gastrocnemius. This will allow the ankle to move adequately once the alignment of the foot is corrected. Stage 3 acquired adult flatfoot deformity is treated operatively with a hindfoot fusion (arthrodesis). This is done with either a double or triple arthrodesis – fusion of two or three of the joints in hindfoot through which the deformity occurs. It is important when a hindfoot arthrodesis is performed that it be done in such a way that the underlying foot deformity is corrected first. Simply fusing the hindfoot joints in place is no longer acceptable.\nAdvertisements\nApril 18, 2015 louisestmary\tAdult Aquired Flat Foot\nHeel Painfulness The Main Causes, Signs And Therapy Choices\nOverview\nHeel Pain is pain in the heel area that can vary in severity and location. It is most common in adults. The heel is the first bone to contact the ground when walking and takes the full force of impact and the resulting shock of bearing weight during motion.\nCauses\nHeel pain has a number of causes that are typically associated with overuse of the heel bone. You can strain your heel by pounding your feet on hard surfaces, being overweight, or wearing shoes that do not fit properly. These strains can irritate the heel?s bones, muscles, or tendons. Other common causes of heel pain include the following. Heel Spurs. Heel spurs develop when the lining that covers the heel is continuously stretched. When this occurs, pieces of the lining may break off. Heel spurs typically develop in athletes who frequently run or jog. They are also common in people who are obese. Plantar Fasciitis. Plantar fasciitis develops when the tissue connecting the heel to the ball of the foot becomes inflamed. Plantar fasciitis also occurs in athletes who frequently run or jog. It can also result from wearing shoes that do not fit properly. Excessive Pronation. Excessive pronation occurs when the ligaments and tendons at the back of the heel are stretched too much. This condition can occur when injuries to the back, hips, or knees change the way you walk. Achilles Tendinitis. Achilles tendinitis can occur when the Achilles tendon, which runs along the back of the heel, becomes inflamed. This condition is common in people with active lifestyles who frequently run and jog, professional athletes and dancers.\nSymptoms\nInitially, this pain may only be present when first standing up after sleeping or sitting. As you walk around, the muscle and tendon loosen and the pain goes away. As this problem progresses, the pain can be present with all standing and walking. You may notice a knot or bump on the back of the heel. Swelling may develop. In some cases, pressure from the back of the shoe causes pain.\nDiagnosis\nAfter you have described your foot symptoms, your doctor will want to know more details about your pain, your medical history and lifestyle, including. Whether your pain is worse at specific times of the day or after specific activities. Any recent injury to the area. Your medical and orthopedic history, especially any history of diabetes, arthritis or injury to your foot or leg. Your age and occupation. Your recreational activities, including sports and exercise programs. The type of shoes you usually wear, how well they fit, and how frequently you buy a new pair. Your doctor will examine you, including. An evaluation of your gait. While you are barefoot, your doctor will ask you to stand still and to walk in order to evaluate how your foot moves as you walk. An examination of your feet. Your doctor may compare your feet for any differences between them. Then your doctor may examine your painful foot for signs of tenderness, swelling, discoloration, muscle weakness and decreased range of motion. A neurological examination. The nerves and muscles may be evaluated by checking strength, sensation and reflexes. In addition to examining you, your health care professional may want to examine your shoes. Signs of excessive wear in certain parts of a shoe can provide valuable clues to problems in the way you walk and poor bone alignment. Depending on the results of your physical examination, you may need foot X-rays or other diagnostic tests.\nNon Surgical Treatment\nHeel pain often goes away on its own with home care. For heel pain that isn’t severe, try the following. Rest. If possible, avoid activities that put stress on your heels, such as running, standing for long periods or walking on hard surfaces. Ice. Place an ice pack or bag of frozen peas on your heel for 15 to 20 minutes three times a day. New shoes. Be sure your shoes fit properly and provide plenty of support. If you’re an athlete, choose shoes appropriate for your sport and replace them regularly. Foot supports. Heel cups or wedges that you buy in the drugstore often provide relief. Custom-made orthotics usually aren’t needed for heel problems. Over-the-counter pain medications. Aspirin or ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) can reduce inflammation and pain.\nSurgical Treatment\nWith the advancements in technology and treatments, if you do need to have surgery for the heel, it is very minimal incision that?s done. And the nice thing is your recovery period is short and you should be able to bear weight right after the surgery. This means you can get back to your weekly routine in just a few weeks. Recovery is a lot different than it used to be and a lot of it is because of doing a minimal incision and decreasing trauma to soft tissues, as well as even the bone. So if you need surgery, then your recovery period is pretty quick.\nPrevention\nYou should always wear footwear that is appropriate for your environment and day-to-day activities. Wearing high heels when you go out in the evening is unlikely to be harmful. However, wearing them all week at work may damage your feet, particularly if your job involves a lot of walking or standing. Ideally, you should wear shoes with laces and a low to moderate heel that supports and cushions your arches and heels. Avoid wearing shoes with no heels. Do not walk barefoot on hard ground, particularly while on holiday. Many cases of heel pain occur when a person protects their feet for 50 weeks of the year and then suddenly walks barefoot while on holiday. Their feet are not accustomed to the extra pressure, which causes heel pain. If you do a physical activity, such as running or another form of exercise that places additional strain on your feet, you should replace your sports shoes regularly. Most experts recommend that sports shoes should be replaced after you have done about 500 miles in them. It is also a good idea to always stretch after exercising, and to make strength and flexibility training a part of your regular exercise routine.\nMarch 28, 2015 louisestmary\tHeel Pain\nAchilles Tendinitis Suffering Cause\nOverview\nAchilles tendinitis occurs when the band of tissue that connects the calf muscles at the back of the lower leg to the heel bone, the Achilles tendon, becomes inflamed. This condition is a result of overuse from intense exercise, jumping, running, and other activities that strain the tendon and calf muscles.\nCauses\nShort of a trauma, the primary cause of Achilles tendonitis is when the calf muscle is so tight that the heel is unable to come down to the ground placing extreme stress on the Achilles tendon at the insertion. Keep in mind that the calf muscle is designed to contract up, lifting the heel bone off the ground, propelling you forwards to the front of the foot for push off. When the calf is so tight that the heel is prevented from coming down on the ground there will be stress on the tendon and the foot will over pronate causing the Achilles tendon to twist, adding to the stress on the insertion. Improper treatment may lead to a more severe injury, such as a rupture or chronic weakening, which may require surgery.\nSymptoms\nSymptoms can vary from an achy pain and stiffness to the insertion of the Achilles tendon to the heel bone (calcaneus), to a burning that surrounds the whole joint around the inflamed thick tendon. With this condition, the pain is usually worse during and after activity, and the tendon and joint area can become stiffer the following day. This is especially true if your sheets are pushing down on your toes and thereby driving your foot into what is termed plantar flexion (downward flexed foot), as this will shorten the tendon all night.\nDiagnosis\nDuring an examination of the foot and ankle, you doctor will look for the following signs, Achilles tendon swelling or thickening. Bone spurs appearing at the lower part of the tendon at the back of the hell. Pain at the middle or lower area of the Achilles tendon. Limited range of motion of the foot and ankle, and a decreased ability to flex the foot. Your doctor may perform imaging tests, such as X-rays and MRI scans, to make a diagnosis of Achilles tendinitis. X-rays show images of the bones and can help the physician to determine if the Achilles tendon has become hardened, which indicated insertional Achilles tendinitis. MRI scans may not be necessar
, but they are important guides if you are recommended to have surgical treatment. An MRI can show the severity of the damage and determine what kind of procedure would be best to address the condition.\nNonsurgical Treatment\nThe main treatments for Achilles tendinitis do not involve surgery. It is important to remember that it may take at least 2 to 3 months for the pain to go away. Try putting ice over the Achilles tendon for 15 to 20 minutes, two to three times per day. Remove the ice if the area gets numb. Changes in activity may help manage the symptoms. Decrease or stop any activity that causes you pain. Run or walk on smoother and softer surfaces. Switch to biking, swimming, or other activities that put less stress on the Achilles tendon. Your health care provider or physical therapist can show you stretching exercises for the Achilles tendon. They may also suggest the following changes in your footwear, a brace or boot or cast to keep the heel and tendon still and allow the swelling to go down, heel lifts placed in the shoe under the heel, shoes that are softer in the areas over and under the heel cushion. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin and ibuprofen can help with pain or swelling. Talk with your health care provider. If these treatments do not improve symptoms, you may need surgery to remove inflamed tissue and abnormal areas of the tendon. Surgery also can be used to remove the bone spur that is irritating the tendon. Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) may be an alternative to surgery for people who have not responded to other treatments. This treatment uses low-dose sound waves.\nSurgical Treatment\nThere are two types of Achilles repair surgery for tendonitis (inflammation of the Achilles Tendon), if nonsurgical treatments aren’t effective. Gastrocnemius recession – The orthopaedic surgeon lengthens the calf muscles to reduce stress on your Achilles tendon. D?bridement and repair – During this procedure, the surgeon removes the damaged part of the Achilles tendon and repairs the remaining tendon with sutures or stitches. Debridement is done when the tendon has less than 50% damage.\nPrevention\nStretching of the gastrocnemius (keep knee straight) and soleus (keep knee bent) muscles. Hold each stretch for 30 seconds, relax slowly. Repeat stretches 2 – 3 times per day. Remember to stretch well before running strengthening of foot and calf muscles (eg, heel raises) correct shoes, specifically motion-control shoes and orthotics to correct overpronation. Gradual progression of training programme. Avoid excessive hill training. Incorporate rest into training programme.\nMarch 5, 2015 louisestmary\tAchilles Tendon\nWhat Can Cause Heel Pain And Approaches To Heal It\nOverview\nPlantar fasciitis was previously believed to be inflammation of the fascia near its insertion on the heel bone. The suffix (-itis) means inflammation. Studies, however, reveal that changes in the tissue associated with the injury are degenerative and not related to inflammation, at least not in the way most people typically think of inflammation. Sudden onset of heel pain may indeed be related to acute inflammation. For persistent heel pain the condition more closely resembles long-standing degeneration of the plantar fascia near its attachment than inflammation. This could explain why anti-inflammatory medications and injections have been unsuccessful at treating it. But there is more to heel pain than just the plantar fascia.\nCauses\nWhen the foot moves, the plantar fascia stretches and contracts. Plantar fasciitis is caused by the repetitive overstretching of the plantar fascia. If the tension on the plantar fascia is too great, this overstretching causes small tears in the plantar fascia. This in turn causes the plantar fascia to become inflamed and painful. Factors that contribute to the development of plantar fasciitis include having very high arches or flat feet, gender, while anyone can develop plantar fasciitis, it tends to occur more commonly in women, exercises such as running, walking and dancing, particularly if the calf muscles are tight. Activities or occupations that involve walking or standing for long periods of time, particularly on hard surfaces, wearing high heeled shoes or shoes that do not offer adequate arch support and cushioning, being overweight, additional weight increases the tension on the plantar fascia, poor biomechanics, extra tension is placed on the plantar fascia if weight is not spread evenly when standing, walking or running. Some cases of plantar fasciitis may be linked to underlying diseases that cause arthritis, such as ankylosing spondylitis.\nSymptoms\nPain is the main symptom. This can be anywhere on the underside of your heel. However, commonly, one spot is found as the main source of pain. This is often about 4 cm forward from your heel, and may be tender to touch. The pain is often worst when you take your first steps on getting up in the morning, or after long periods of rest where no weight is placed on your foot. Gentle exercise may ease things a little as the day goes by, but a long walk or being on your feet for a long time often makes the pain worse. Resting your foot usually eases the pain. Sudden stretching of the sole of your foot may make the pain worse, for example, walking up stairs or on tiptoes. You may limp because of pain. Some people have plantar fasciitis in both feet at the same time.\nDiagnosis\nYour doctor may look at your feet and watch the way you stand, walk and exercise. He can also ask you questions about your health history, including illnesses and injuries that you had in your past. The symptoms you have such as the pain location or when does your foot hurts most. Your activity routine such as your job, exercise habits and physical activities preformed. Your doctor may decide to use an X-ray of your foot to detect bones problems. MRI or ultrasound can also be used as further investigation of the foot condition.\nNon Surgical Treatment\nPlantar fasciitis can be a difficult problem to treat, with no panacea available. Fortunately, most patients with this condition eventually have satisfactory outcomes with nonsurgical treatment. Therefore, management of patient expectations minimizes frustration for both the patient and the provider.\nSurgical Treatment\nThe most dramatic therapy, used only in cases where pain is very severe, is surgery. The plantar fascia can be partially detached from the heel bone, but the arch of the foot is weakened and full function may be lost. Another surgery involves lengthening the calf muscle, a process called gastrocnemius recession. If you ignore the condition, you can develop chronic heel pain. This can change the way you walk and cause injury to your legs, knees, hips and back. Steroid injections and some other treatments can weaken the plantar fascia ligament and cause potential rupture of the ligament. Surgery carries the risks of bleeding, infection, and reactions to anesthesia. Plantar fascia detachment can also cause changes in your foot and nerve damage. Gastrocnemius resection can also cause nerve damage.\nJanuary 18, 2015 louisestmary\tHeel Pain, Plantar Fascia, Plantar Fasciitis\nWhat Triggers Heel Pain To Appear\nOverview\nPlantar fasciitis is the pain caused by degenerative irritation at the insertion of the plantar fascia on the medial process of the calcaneal tuberosity. The pain may be substantial, resulting in the alteration of daily activities. Various terms have been used to describe plantar fasciitis, including jogger’s heel, tennis heel, policeman’s heel, and even gonorrheal heel. Although a misnomer, this condition is sometimes referred to as heel spurs by the general public.\nCauses\nPlantar fasciitis occurs when the ligament in your foot arch is strained repeatedly, which causes tiny tears and significant pain. There are several possible causes for this condition. Excessive pronation, or overpronation, which happens when your feet roll excessively inward as you walk. Flat feet or high arches. Walking, standing, or running for long periods of time, particularly on hard surfaces (a common problem for athletes). Excess weight, such as overweight or obesity. Shoes that are worn out or don’t fit well. Tight calf muscles or Achilles tendons.\nSymptoms\nThe main symptom of plantar fasciitis is heel pain when you walk. You may also feel pain when you stand and possibly even when you are resting. This pain typically occurs first thing in the morning after you get out of bed, when your foot is placed flat on the floor. The pain occurs because you are stretching the plantar fascia. The pain usually lessens with more walking, but you may have it again after periods of rest. You may feel no pain when you are sleeping because the position of your feet during rest allows the fascia to shorten and relax.\nDiagnosis\nYour doctor may look at your feet and watch the way you stand, walk and exercise. He can also ask you questions about your health history, including illnesses and injuries that you had in your past. The symptoms you have such as the pain location or when does your foot hurts most. Your activity routine such as your job, exercise habits and physical activities preformed. Your doctor may decide to use an X-ray of your foot to detect bones problems. MRI or ultrasound can also be used as further investigation of the foot condition.\nNon Surgical Treatment\nShoe therapy, finding and wearing shoes that allow your feet to be in their natural position, is the most important treatment for plantar fasciosis. Shoes that possess a flat heel, are wide in the toe box, lack toe spring, and have flexible soles are most appropriate for this foot problem. An increasing number of shoe companies are producing shoes with these design characteristics, but shoes that include all these features are still difficult to find. For some suggested footwear models, see our clinic’s shoe list. Most conventional footwear can be modified by stretching the shoe’s upper, stretching out the toe spring, removing the shoe’s liner, and cutting the shoe at certain key points to allow more room for your foot. Visit your podiatrist to help you with these shoe modifications. Correct Toes is another helpful conservative treatment method for plantar fasciosis. Correct Toes addresses the root cause of your plantar fasciosis by properly aligning your big toe and reducing the tension created by your abductor hallucis longus on the blood vessels that feed and “cleanse” the tissues of your plantar fascia. Your plantar fasciosis-related pain will diminish when the dead tissue is washed away. A rehabilitation program, which includes targeted stretches and other exercises, for your foot may be helpful too. Dietary changes and aerobic exercise are particularly important for overweight individuals who have plantar fasciosis. Water aerobics may be most appropriate for those individuals whose pain does not allow them to walk or cycle. Physical therapy may be another helpful treatment modality for this problem, and includes ultrasound, electrical stimulation, contrast baths, and range-of-motion exercises. Massage, acupuncture, reflexology, and magnet therapy are holistic approaches that may be helpful.\nSurgical Treatment\nAlthough most patients with plantar fasciitis respond to non-surgical treatment, a small percentage of patients may require surgery. If, after several months of non-surgical treatment, you continue to have heel pain, surgery will be considered. Your foot and ankle surgeon will discuss the surgical options with you and determine which approach would be most beneficial for you. No matter what kind of treatment you undergo for plantar fasciitis, the underlying causes that led to this condition may remain. Therefore, you will need to continue with preventive measures. Wearing supportive shoes, stretching, and using custom orthotic devices are the mainstay of long-term treatment for plantar fasciitis.\nPrevention\nMake sure you wear appropriate supportive shoes. Don’t over-train in sports. Make sure you warm up, cool down and undertake an exercise regime that helps maintain flexibility. Manage your weight, obesity is a factor in causing plantar fasciitis. Avoid walking and running on hard surfaces if you are prone to pain. You should follow the recognized management protocol – RICED-rest, ice, compression, elevation and diagnosis. Rest, keep off the injured ankle as much as possible. Ice, applied for 20 minutes at a time every hour as long as swelling persists. Compression, support the ankle and foot with a firmly (not tightly) wrapped elastic bandage. Elevation, keep foot above heart level to minimize bruising and swelling. Diagnosis, Consult a medical professional (such as a Podiatrist or doctor) especially if you are worried about the injury, or if the pain or swelling gets worse. If the pain or swelling has not gone down significantly within 48 hours, also seek treatment. An accurate diagnosis is essential for proper rehabilitation of moderate to severe injuries.\nJanuary 15, 2015 louisestmary\tHeel Pain, Plantar Fascia, Plantar Fasciitis\nWhat Is Painful Heel\nOverview\nIf you experience sharp, throbbing or aching heel pain with your first steps out of bed each morning, or when walking throughout the day, you may be suffering from Plantar Fasciitis. This guide will help you to understand the definition, symptoms and causes of this condition and will explore your treatment options for rapid relief from your pain.\nCauses\nEach time we take a step forward, all of our body weight first rests on the heel of one foot. As our weight moves forward, the entire foot begins to bear the body’s weight, and the foot flattens and this places a great deal of pressure and strain on the plantar fascia. There is very little elasticity to the plantar fascia, so as it stretches only slightly; it pulls on its attachment to the heel. If the foot is properly aligned this pull causes no problems. However, if the foot is “pronated” (the foot rolls outward at the ankle, causing a break down of the inner side of the shoe), the arch falls excessively, and this causes an abnormal stretching of the relatively inflexible plantar fascia, which in turn pulls abnormally hard on the heel. The same pathology occurs with “supination” (the rolling inward of the foot, causing a break down of the outer side of the shoe). Supinated feet are relatively in flexible; usually have a high arch, and a short or tight plantar fascia. Thus as weight is transferred from the heel to the remainder of the foot, the tight plantar fascia hardly stretches at all, and pulls with great force on its attachment to the heel.\nSymptoms\nPlantar fasciitis is characterized by the following signs and symptoms. Acute plantar fasciitis, pain is usually worse in the morning but may improve when activity continues; if the plantar fasciitis is severe, activity will exacerbate the pain, pain will worsen during the day and may radiate to calf or forefoot, pain may be described anywhere from “minor pulling” sensation, to “burning”, or to “knife-like”, the plantar fascia may be taut or thickened, passive stretching of the plantar fascia or the patient standing on their toes may exacerbate symptoms, acute tenderness deep in the heel-pad along the insertion of the plantar aponeurosis at the medial calcaneal tuberosity and along the length of the plantar fascia, may have localized swelling. Chronic plantar fasciitis, plantar fasciitis is classified as “chronic” if it has not resolved after six months, pain occurs more distally along the aponeurosis and spreads into the Achilles tendon.\nDiagnosis\nMost cases of plantar fasciitis are diagnosed by a health care provider who listens carefully to your description of symptoms. During an examination of your feet, your health care provider will have to press on the bottom of your feet, the area most likely to be painful in plantar fasciitis. Because the pain of plantar fasciitis has unique characteristics, pain upon rising, improvement after walking for several minutes, pain produced by pressure applied in a specific location on your foot but not with pressure in other areas, your health care provider will probably feel comfortable making the diagnosis based on your symptoms and a physica
examination. Your health care provider may suggest that you have an X-ray of your foot to verify that there is no stress fracture causing your pain.\nNon Surgical Treatment\nIn the early stages of plantar fasciitis resting the foot may ease the pain. Medication to reduce inflammation should help but should only be used short term. Strapping may temporarily reduce the pain. All of the above therapies are only temporary measures and the pain is likely to reoccur if the cause of the abnormal pressure which has triggered the plantar fasciitis has not been identified. In order to establish the cause of the plantar fasciitis a biomechanical assessment may be required.\nSurgical Treatment\nSurgery may be considered in very difficult cases. Surgery is usually only advised if your pain has not eased after 12 months despite other treatments. The operation involves separating your plantar fascia from where it connects to the bone; this is called a plantar fascia release. It may also involve removal of a spur on the calcaneum if one is present. Surgery is not always successful. It can cause complications in some people so it should be considered as a last resort. Complications may include infection, increased pain, injury to nearby nerves, or rupture of the plantar fascia.\nJanuary 11, 2015 louisestmary\tHeel Pain, Plantar Fascia, Plantar Fasciitis\nWhat Is Heel Discomfort And Simple Methods To Cure It\nOverview\nPlantar fasciitis is the most common cause of heel pain in runners, eventually affecting 10 percent of the running community. While running, the plantar fascia works with the Achilles tendon to store and return energy. Because of its powerful attachment to the base of the toe, the plantar fascia stabilizes the inner forefoot as forces peak during pushoff. Unlike bone spurs and stress fractures of the heel, plantar fasciitis tends to produce pain during the pushoff phase while running, not during initial contact. A simple way to tell if you have plantar fasciitis versus a heel spur/stress fracture is to walk on your toes: heel spurs and heel stress fractures feel better while you walk on your toes, while plantar fasciitis typically produces more discomfort when you shift your weight onto your toes.\nCauses\nPlantar fasciitis is the most common cause of heel pain, accounting for around four out of five cases. Plantar fasciitis is when the thick band of tissue that connects the heel bone with the rest of the foot (the plantar fascia) becomes damaged and thickened. Damage to the plantar fascia is thought to occur following sudden damage, for example, damaging your heel while jogging, running or dancing; this type of damage usually affects younger people who are physically active, gradual wear and tear of the tissues that make up the plantar fascia – this usually affects adults who are 40 years of age or over. You are at an increased risk of gradual wear and tear damaging your plantar fasciitis if you are overweight or obese, if you have a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or over, you are considered to be obese, have a job that involves spending long periods of time standing, wear flat-soled shoes, such as sandals or flip flops. Less common causes of heel pain are a stress fracture. A stress fracture can occur if your heel bone is damaged during an injury. Fat pad atrophy. Fat pad atrophy is where the layer of fat that lies under the heel bone, known as the fat pad, starts to waste away due to too much strain being placed on the pad. Women who wear high-heeled shoes for many years have an increased risk of developing fat pad atrophy. Bursitis. Bursitis is inflammation of one or more bursa (small fluid-filled sacs under the skin, usually found over the joints and between tendons and bones). It’s possible to develop bursitis anywhere inside the body, not just in the foot. Tarsal tunnel syndrome. The nerves in the sole of your foot pass through a small tunnel on the inside of the ankle joint, known as the tarsal tunnel. If a cyst forms or the tunnel is damaged, the nerves can become compressed (squashed). This can cause pain anywhere along the nerve, including beneath your heel. Sever’s disease. Sever’s disease is a common cause of heel pain in children. It’s caused by the muscles and tendons of the hamstrings and calves stretching and tightening in response to growth spurts. The stretching of the calf muscle pulls on the Achilles tendon. This pulls on the growing area of bone at the back of the heel (growth plate), causing pain in the heel. The pain is further aggravated by activities such as football and gymnastics. The pain often develops at the side of the heel, but can also be felt under the heel. Calf and hamstring stretches and, if necessary, heel pads are usually effective treatments for Sever’s disease. Bone spurs. Bone spurs are an excess growth of bone that forms on a normal bone. Bone spurs can develop on the heel (a heel spur) and are more common in people with heel pain. However, they can also occur in people without heel pain. A heel spur does not cause heel pain.\nSymptoms\nPlantar fasciitis and heel spur pain usually begins in the bottom of the heel, and frequently radiates into the arch. At times, however, the pain may be felt only in the arch. The pain is most intense when first standing, after any period of rest. Most people with this problem experience their greatest pain in the morning, with the first few steps after sleeping. After several minutes of walking, the pain usually becomes less intense and may disappear completely, only to return later with prolonged walking or standing. If a nerve is irritated due to the swollen plantar fascia, this pain may radiate into the ankle. In the early stages of Plantar Fasciitis and Heel Spurs, the pain will usually subside quickly with getting off of the foot and resting. As the disease progresses, it may take longer periods of time for the pain to subside.\nDiagnosis\nPlantar fasciitis is usually diagnosed by your physiotherapist or sports doctor based on your symptoms, history and clinical examination. After confirming your plantar fasciitis they will investigate WHY you are likely to be predisposed to plantar fasciitis and develop a treatment plan to decrease your chance of future bouts. X-rays may show calcification within the plantar fascia or at its insertion into the calcaneus, which is known as a calcaneal or heel spur. Ultrasound scans and MRI are used to identify any plantar fasciitis tears, inflammation or calcification. Pathology tests (including screening for HLA B27 antigen) may identify spondyloarthritis, which can cause symptoms similar to plantar fasciitis.\nNon Surgical Treatment\nTreatments you can do at home include rest. Try to avoid activities that put stress on your feet. This can be hard, especially if your job involves being on your feet for hours at a time, but giving your feet as much rest as possible is the first step in reducing the pain of plantar fasciitis. Use ice or a cold compress to reduce pain and inflammation. Do this three or four times a day for about 20 minutes at a time until the pain goes away. Take anti-inflammatory medications. Painkillers such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen can help relieve pain and reduce inflammation in the affected area. Your doctor may also prescribe a medication called a corticosteroid to help treat severe pain. Exercise your feet and calves. When the pain is gone, do calf and foot stretches and leg exercises to make your legs as strong and flexible as possible. This can help you avoid getting plantar fasciitis again. Ask your coach, athletic trainer, or a physical therapist to show you some leg exercises. Rolling a tennis ball under your foot can massage the area and help the injury heal. Talk to your doctor about shoe inserts or night splints. Shoe inserts can give your feet added support to aid in the healing process. Night splints keep your calf muscles gently flexed, helping to keep your plantar fascia from tightening up overnight. Have a trainer or sports injury professional show you how to tape your foot. A proper taping job allows your plantar fascia to get more rest. You should tape your foot each time you exercise until the pain is completely gone. For people who get repeated sports injuries, it can help to see a sports medicine specialist. These experts are trained in evaluating things like an athlete’s running style, jumping stance, or other key moves. They can teach you how to make the most of your body’s strengths and compensate for any weaknesses. Once you’re healed, look for the silver lining in your bench time. You may find that what you learn from having an injury leads you to play a better game than ever before.\nSurgical Treatment\nLike every surgical procedure, plantar fasciitis surgery carries some risks. Because of these risks your doctor will probably advise you to continue with the conventional treatments at least 6 months before giving you approval for surgery. Some health experts recommend home treatment as long as 12 months. If you can’t work because of your heel pain, can’t perform your everyday activities or your athletic career is in danger, you may consider a plantar fasciitis surgery earlier. But keep in mind that there is no guarantee that the pain will go away completely after surgery. Surgery is effective in many cases, however, 20 to 25 percent of patients continue to experience heel pain after having a plantar fasciitis surgery.\nStretching Exercises\nYou may begin exercising the muscles of your foot right away by gently stretching them as follows. Prone hip extension, Lie on your stomach with your legs straight out behind you. Tighten up your buttocks muscles and lift one leg off the floor about 8 inches. Keep your knee straight. Hold for 5 seconds. Then lower your leg and relax. Do 3 sets of 10. Towel stretch, Sit on a hard surface with one leg stretched out in front of you. Loop a towel around your toes and the ball of your foot and pull the towel toward your body keeping your knee straight. Hold this position for 15 to 30 seconds then relax. Repeat 3 times. When the towel stretch becomes too easy, you may begin doing the standing calf stretch. Standing calf stretch, Facing a wall, put your hands against the wall at about eye level. Keep one leg back with the heel on the floor, and the other leg forward. Turn your back foot slightly inward (as if you were pigeon-toed) as you slowly lean into the wall until you feel a stretch in the back of your calf. Hold for 15 to 30 seconds. Repeat 3 times. Do this exercise several times each day. Sitting plantar fascia stretch, Sit in a chair and cross one foot over your other knee. Grab the base of your toes and pull them back toward your leg until you feel a comfortable stretch. Hold 15 seconds and repeat 3 times. When you can stand comfortably on your injured foot, you can begin standing to stretch the bottom of your foot using the plantar fascia stretch. Achilles stretch, Stand with the ball of one foot on a stair. Reach for the bottom step with your heel until you feel a stretch in the arch of your foot. Hold this position for 15 to 30 seconds and then relax. Repeat 3 times. After you have stretched the bottom muscles of your foot, you can begin strengthening the top muscles of your foot. Frozen can roll, Roll your bare injured foot back and forth from your heel to your mid-arch over a frozen juice can. Repeat for 3 to 5 minutes. This exercise is particularly helpful if done first thing in the morning. Towel pickup, With your heel on the ground, pick up a towel with your toes. Release. Repeat 10 to 20 times. When this gets easy, add more resistance by placing a book or small weight on the towel. Balance and reach exercises, Stand upright next to a chair. This will provide you with balance if needed. Stand on the foot farthest from the chair. Try to raise the arch of your foot while keeping your toes on the floor. Keep your foot in this position and reach forward in front of you with your hand farthest away from the chair, allowing your knee to bend. Repeat this 10 times while maintaining the arch height. This exercise can be made more difficult by reaching farther in front of you. Do 2 sets. Stand in the same position as above. While maintaining your arch height, reach the hand farthest away from the chair across your body toward the chair. The farther you reach, the more challenging the exercise. Do 2 sets of 10. Heel raise, Balance yourself while standing behind a chair or counter. Using the chair to help you, raise your body up onto your toes and hold for 5 seconds. Then slowly lower yourself down without holding onto the chair. Hold onto the chair or counter if you need to. When this exercise becomes less painful, try lowering on one leg only. Repeat 10 times. Do 3 sets of 10. Side-lying leg lift, Lying on your side, tighten the front thigh muscles on your top leg and lift that leg 8 to 10 inches away from the other leg. Keep the leg straight. Do 3 sets of 10.\nJanuary 7, 2015 louisestmary\tHeel Pain, Plantar Fascia, Plantar Fasciitis\nPosts navigation\n←\n→\nSearch for:\nRecent Posts\nDiagnosing Mortons Neuroma\nLeg Length Discrepancy And Shoe Lifts\nWhat Is The Most Beneficial Solution For Heel Spur\nSimple Methods To Protect Against Heel Spur\nPhysical Therapy For Bursitis Of The Feet\nRecent Comments\nArchives\nMay 2017\nFebruary 2016\nSeptember 2015\nAugust 2015\nJune 2015\nMay 2015\nApril 2015\nMarch 2015\nJanuary 2015\nDecember 2014\nJune 2014\nMay 2014\nCategories\nAchilles Tendinitis\nAchilles Tendon\nAdult Aquired Flat Foot\nBunion Pain\nBursitis\nCalcaneal Spur\nFallen Arches\nFoot Conditions\nFoot Pain\nHammer Toe\nHammer Toes\nHeel Pain\nHeel Spur\nInferior Calcaneal Spur\nPlantar Fasciitis\nPosterior Calcaneal Spur\nSevers Disease\nShoe Lifts\nUncategorized\nMeta\nRegister\nLog in\nEntries RSS\nComments RSS\nWordPress.com\nAdvertisements\nCreate a free website or blog at WordPress.com.\nLouise Stmary\nBlog at WordPress.com.\nPrivacy & Cookies: This site uses cookies. 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Effects of physical activity on depressive symptoms during breast cancer survivorship: a meta-analysis of randomised control trials | Esmo Open\nSkip to main content\nWe use cookies to improve our service and to tailor our content and advertising to you. More info You can manage your cookie settings via your browser at any time. To learn more about how we use cookies, please see our cookies policy.\nLog In More\nLog in via Institution\nLog in via OpenAthens\nLog in using your username and password\nFor personal accounts OR managers of institutional accounts\nUsername *\nPassword *\nForgot your log in details?Register a new account?\nForgot your user name or password?\nBasket\nSearch More\nSearch for this keyword\nAdvanced search\nLatest content\nArchive\nAuthors\nAbout\nNews from EMA\nSearch for this keyword\nAdvanced search\nClose More\nMain menu\nLatest content\nArchive\nAuthors\nAbout\nNews from EMA\nLog in More\nLog in via Institution\nLog in via OpenAthens\nLog in using your username and password\nFor personal accounts OR managers of institutional accounts\nUsername *\nPassword *\nForgot your log in details?Register a new account?\nForgot your user name or password?\nBMJ Journals More\nYou are here\nHome\nArchive\nVolume 2, Issue 5\nEffects of physical activity on depressive symptoms during breast cancer survivorship: a meta-analysis of randomised control trials\nEmail Alert\nArticle Text\nArticle menu\nArticle\nText\nArticle\ninfo\nCitation\nTools\nShare\nResponses\nArticle\nmetrics\nAlerts\nPDF\nOriginal research\nEffects of physical activity on depressive symptoms during breast cancer survivorship: a meta-analysis of randomised control trials\nEfrossini D Patsou1,\nGeorgios D Alexias1,\nFotios G Anagnostopoulos1,\nMichalis V Karamouzis2\n1Department of Psychology, Panteion University of Social and Political Sciences, Athens, Attika, Greece\n2Molecular Oncology Unit, Department of Biological Chemistry and First Department of Internal medicine, Laikon General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Attika, Greece\nCorrespondence to Professor Michalis V Karamouzis; m_karam{at}otenet.gr\nAbstract\nBackgroundBreast cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting women worldwide, and depressive symptoms are disturbing side effects of cancer diagnosis and treatment. Physical activity and exercise have emerged as an alternative treatment in handling psychological distress throughout breast cancer survivorship.\nAimThe aim of this review was to present the results of (1) physical activity and (2) exercise interventions in terms of type and duration regarding depressive symptoms among breast cancer survivors during and after treatment. The hypothesis was that cancer survivors who are engaged with physical activity will demonstrate statistically significant lower levels of depressive symptoms when compared with non-exercising control groups.\nMethodsWe searched PubMed, Elsevier and Google Scholar for recent articles published between January 2011 and November 2016. Fourteen randomised control trials with 1701 patients in total were assessed.\nResultsSignificant differences in levels were found between exercise intervention groups and control groups, while moderate aerobic exercise interventions with an optimal duration of ≥135 min for up to 12 weeks are significantly more beneficial in depressive symptoms when it comes to patients under treatment than resistance, aerobicandresistance training and yoga interventions.\nConclusionsIt is concluded that when progressive exercise programmes are prescribed according to the individual needs, capabilities and preferences of breast cancer survivors, they offer a valid alternative to depression mood management throughout the course of survivorship.\nbreast cancer\nphysical activity\nexercise\ndepression\ndepressive symptoms\nThis is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/\nhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1136/esmoopen-2017-000271\nStatistics from Altmetric.com\nbreast cancer\nphysical activity\nexercise\ndepression\ndepressive symptoms\nKey questions\nWhat is already known about this subject?\nExercise and physical activity is known to be beneficial by improving the physical and emotional well-being.\nMore specifically, exercise programmes during and after treatment improved side effects (eg, fatigue) and seemed to decrease depression symptoms.\nThe results from different types and dose of exercise in depressive symptoms among breast cancer survivors are modest.\nWhat does this study add?\nThis study adds more information about the optimal type of exercise intervention that breast cancer survivors should have in order to decrease depressive symptoms.\nMore specifically, it becomes clear how much time and duration of each different type of exercise is needed in order to have positive effects in depressive symptoms.\nMoreover, this study gives evidence about the positive effects of exercise in patients under treatment.\nHow might this impact on clinical practice?\nFrom clinical practice, it might be worth offering specific exercise interventions when patients are under treatment or starting as early as possible after diagnosis to help survivors go through one of the most difficult phases of their life.\nIntroduction\nBreast cancer remains by far the most common cancer affecting women worldwide, with an estimated 25% incidence rate among all female cancers.1 This disturbing figure is somehow mitigated by the increasing survival rates of patients with breast cancer, which are attributed mostly to improvements in diagnosis (eg, early detection) and treatment.1 2 In fact, the 5-year, 10-year and 15-year relative survival rates for breast cancer of 80%–95%, 83% and 78%, respectively, are of the highest 5-year survival rates among female malignancies.1 3 Thus, breast cancer is nowadays considered a treatable chronic disease, rather than a fatal one. This new perspective has led to a new era in oncology treatment, namely, survivorship, which refers to those who are cancer free for at least 5 years after diagnosis.2 4 Specifically, a breast cancer survivor is anyone who has been diagnosed with the disease from the point of diagnosis to the end of life.5 Survivorship encompasses all phases during cancer, from active treatment to recovery, in which the transition from being a ‘patient’ with breast cancer to ‘survivor’ takes place through living after recovery, including those who are symptom free or stable and finally up to the phase where advanced cancer, recurrence and death may occur.4 6\nInevitably, at some point right after diagnosis or throughout their survivorship, most breast cancer survivors will encounter different physical and psychological side effects related to cancer and its treatments.7 With the well-documented extended longevity of breast cancer survivors, the challenge for the medical community has shifted from merely treating the disease to acknowledging and successfully managing these symptoms and side effects in a way that will improve patients’ overall quality of life and provide them with emotional care and support during survivorship.8\nDepressive mood is a negative psychological outcome usually reported by breast cancer survivors both during and after treatment, with prevalence ranging between 1.5% and 46%.9 Symptoms are more intense during diagnosis and active treatment, and prevalence is twice as high compared with that found in the general population.10 Despite a gradual reduction in depressive rates throughout survivorship, some women remain chronically with depressive symptoms or become depressed after treatment, especially women with disease recurrence for whom levels of depression mood increase sharply.11 12 Moreover, depression mood may cause poor adherence to treatment plans and even reduce the chance of survival in women with breast cancer,7 9 which, if left untreated, can increase the risk for physiological comorbidities.13 These associations underline the paramount importance of applying effective treatments to reduce depressive symptoms in breast cancer survivors.\nPrevious evidence suggests that physical activity is a non-pharmacological, safe, feasible and relatively low-cost alternative to depression mood management among women with breast cancer.7 10 Performing any form of regular exercise and maintaining an active lifestyle in general plays an important role for breast cancers survivors. It helps them to reduce specific side effects of treatment, for example, weakness and depressive symptoms, and it has been shown to increase survival rates and decrease the risk of cancer reappearance.14 In fact, major health organisations recommend that cancer survivors should have at least 150 min of moderate-intensity or 75 min of high-intensity exercise combined with a minimum of two strengthening exercise sessions on a weekly basis.6\nMost of the available research findings suggest that physical activity is an effective way for depression management in breast cancer survivors, despite the fact that several limitations and methodological weaknesses of relevant studies have been consistently reported. These include, but are not limited to, small sample sizes, studies mostly involving white participants, poor reporting of adherence and differences in socioeconomic status, failure to follow intent-to-treat analysis and, most importantly, low baseline depression levels as well as depression not being the primary study outcome. Most of the included studies in the aforementioned reviews and meta-analyses have been published before 2012, and in some cases, review articles involving breast cancer survivors are overlapping. Yet to our knowledge, the effect of exercise in depressive symptoms among breast cancer survivors has not been critically evaluated due to non-uniform reporting of modes, intensity, frequency and duration of exercise interventions. Because of this, many systematic reviews have suggested that the optimal exercise programme and programme components need to be further explored.7 15 16\nTherefore, the purpose of this literature review paper is to present the most recent studies dealing with the effects of physical activity and exercise on depression mood experienced by breast cancer survivors. Moreover, we aim to clarify if scientists have reached a consensus about the most beneficial physical activity and exercise intervention in terms of type and duration for breast cancer survivors during and after treatment. It is hoped that the information provided will be valuable for doctors, psychologists, physiologists and also for the survivors themselves.\nMethods\nLiterature search\nWe searched PubMed, Elsevier and Google Scholar up to November 2016. The reference list of the retrieved articles was examined for cross references. The search included the use of terms such as breast cancer, depression, depressed mood, physical activity, exercise, treatment, psychological effects or a combination of these terms. For the purposes of this study, we used the term ‘depressed mood’, which is a symptom of depression,9 as a synonym to depressive symptoms in order to avoid the parallelism with the clinical disorder. Moreover, authors have used the terms ‘exercise’ and ‘physical activity’ alternatively. While some studies have used exercise interventions where the main goal was fitness improvement and required access to facilities or equipment, other studies referred to different forms of physical exertion of moderate physical activity, such as home-based walking regimes or even occupational and household activities.14 17\nInclusion criteria\nStudies included in this review met the following criteria: (a) were written in English; (b) were published in 2011 and beyond (for secondary studies from the same research team, an original article had to be published in 2008 and afterwards; the year 2011 was chosen because there was a gap in literature findings in meta-analysis for the effect of exercise in depression in breast cancer survivors); (c) participants were adult women diagnosed with breast cancer based on mammography and biopsy; (d) included an intervention programme involving physical activity; (e) used a randomised controlled trial (experimental) design; and (f) results for depression outcomes.\nExclusion criteria\nStudies were excluded mainly due to: (a) inclusion of other types of cancer survivors; (b) inability to have access to the entire article; and (c) publication date before 2011 or before 2008 for primary or secondary studies.\nData extraction\nRelevant data were extracted by an excel template including: (1) characteristics of the study and participants (first author, year of publication, mean age, sample size; (2) characteristics of exercise intervention (type, total duration, intensity, frequency, session duration); and (3) outcomes of intervention on depressive symptoms.\nMethodological quality assessment\nThe methodological quality of the studies was assessed according to PEDro criteria list,15 18 19 which is a set of 10 criteria for quality assessment of randomised control trials. Each item was scored as yes (×) or no (−).\nOutcomes\nThe primary outcome was the standardised mean difference in depressed mood measured by total scores on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)20 or by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) questionnaire21 or by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II)22 or scores of Profile of Mood State (POMS)23 (table 1). Secondary outcome measures included type and duration of exercise and depressed mood. Additionally, outcomes from the effect of exercise interventions in depressive symptoms in patients during treatment and post-treatment were measured.\nView this table:\nView inline\nView popup\nTable 1\nDepression assessments and results\nStatistical analysis\nData were pooled for all studies examined: (1) the effect of exercise in general, (2) the effect of the different types of intervention on depressive symptoms, (3) the effect of the duration of intervention and (4) the effect of the exercise intervention during and after treatment. More specifically, we performed effect size analysis in the studies that used low exercise duration within a week period (≤135 min/week) as to compare it with an effect size of the studies that used high exercise duration within a week period (≥135 min/week). Furthermore, we performed effect size analysis in the studies that used a sufficient duration of the overall exercise programme (≤12 weeks) as to compare it with an effect size of the studies that used high duration of the overall exercise programme (≥12 weeks). The separation of the studies regarding both the exercise duration within a week period and the exercise duration of the overall exercise programme was made with the method of 50th percentile. For studies that included more than one follow-up comments, the last follow-up was used in order to conclude the effect of exercise on depression. For the intervention group, studies were classified according to the exercise moderators in four types: aerobic (eg, cardiovascular exercise, treadmill running and walking), resistance (muscle strength training), aerobic and resistance and yoga.\nEffect sizes were computing using the Comprehensive Meta Analysis V.2.0.24 Hedges’ g was used as a measure of the effect size. The standardised mean difference between the exercise and the control groups divided by the pooled SD was used to compute the effect size in each study. An effect size ≤0.2 reflects a negligible difference, between ≥0.2 and ≤0.5 a small difference, between ≥0.5 and ≤0.8 a moderate difference and ≥0.8 a large difference.25\nPrior to analysis, data were assessed for publication bias using the methods of Begg26 and Egger et al.27 Statistical heterogeneity among studies was measured by Q-statistic together with I2 test.\nResults\nStu
y selection\nA total of 432 were retrieved from the database. A total number of 15 relevant systematic reviews and meta-analyses were also examined from the reference list in order to identify additional studies. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines,28 14 randomised controlled trials were finally included, while 107 articles were excluded in which the design of the study failed to meet the inclusion criteria (figure 1).\nDownload figure\nOpen in new tab\nDownload powerpoint\nFigure 1\nFlow diagram of study selection. RCT, randomised controlled trial.\nMethodological quality of included studies\nWe assessed 14 randomised control trials according to the PEDro criteria list. In all 14 studies, 2 studies met eight criteria,29 30 9 studies met seven criteria,31–39 2 studies met six criteria33 38 and 1 of the them met five criteria.40 The mean PEDro score of the studies was 6.1±2, indicating high quality19 (table 2).\nView this table:\nView inline\nView popup\nTable 2\nMethodological quality assessment\nReviewed studies and breast cancer survivor characteristics\nIn total, 14 studies met all inclusion criteria and are presented in this review. All studies were published between 2011 and 2016, and the actual year of trial completion for more than half of them was after 2011. Six of them were conducted in North America (USA n=4 and Canada n=2) and eight in Europe (Germany and Spain n=2 each, United Kingdom n=2, Turkey and the Netherlands n=1 each). Sample sizes ranged from 1034 to 30031 participants, with a mean of 60.7, while nine studies recruited less than 100 breast cancer survivors. Control groups included participants assigned to usual care, health education, wait list, relaxation and stretching comparable with the interventions applied to exercise groups. Ten and 8 out of the 14 studies reported on adherence and adverse events related to exercise intervention, respectively. Five studies reported on participant’s ethnicity, 10 on marital status and 7 on menopausal state. Data on income (n=3), education (n=9) and occupation (n=7) were also reported, with two studies providing data on all three variables of women’s socioeconomic status.\nFor assessment of participants’ depression levels, studies used the CES-D questionnaire (n=5), the BDI (n=4), the HADS (n=3) and the POMS (n=2). Depression was the sole primary outcome measure in only one study,39 while in three more studies,32 34 40 depression was included either as primary or not as psychosocial/psychological outcome. In eight studies, primary outcomes included fatigue,29 30 33–35 37 38 41 and in three quality of life31 34 36 and behaviour change, leisure time physical activity and cytokine levels (n=1 each).\nThe median age of the included breast cancer survivors was 52 years. In all studies, women had been diagnosed with 0–IIIc stage breast cancer. When reported, the majority of participants were postmenopausal (75.2%), white (73.5%), married (68.9%), employed (67.9%) and well educated (59.1%). Participants had completed cancer treatment prior to physical activity intervention in eight studies,29 31–35 38 42 while in six studies30 36 37 39–41 participants were undergoing adjuvant therapy, that is, chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy during exercise intervention (table 3).\nView this table:\nView inline\nView popup\nTable 3\nSample and breast cancer characteristics\nExercise intervention characteristics\nIn 11 studies, the length of the interventions ranged from 6 (shortest36) to 12 weeks and from 16 to 52 weeks (longest)32 37 39 in the remaining 3 studies. The reported exercise frequency was 2–3 sessions per week for the majority of the studies, while duration varied from 30 to 90 min per session. Consequently, weekly exercise duration ranged from 90 to 270 min. Exercise intensity also varied widely, from low to vigorous (high), with moderate intensity being most frequently reported. Many studies reported that intensity was determined and adjusted/prescribed following the American Cancer Society (ACS), the American Heart Association (AHA) and the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) recommendations and guidelines.\nTypes of exercise used in interventions solely or in combination included aerobic, resistance, aerobic and resistance and yoga exercises. More specifically, two studies involved a yoga intervention,29 36 three35 39 40 only aerobic, two studies30 41 applied resistance intervention programmes and six a combination of aerobic and resistance training programme.32–34 37 38 42 When reported, activities for aerobic exercises included walking and/or the use of treadmill, elliptical, cross-trainer, cycling/rowing ergometer, various movements in water, fast arm movements and whole-body aerobic and step exercises. For resistance exercise, whole-body activities with or without the use of equipment (elastic/resistance/Thera bands, machines, dumbbells, stability balls, etc) were used. Of the 14 interventions, 12 involved supervised exercise sessions, while 2 included only home-based sessions. All studies had over 80% up to as high as 99% retention rates, while adherence rates, when reported, varied from 70% to 92.7%, and the majority of the studies observed no adverse events related to exercise (data not shown). Table 4 summarises exercise intervention characteristics of the reviewed studies.\nView this table:\nView inline\nView popup\nTable 4\nIntervention characteristics\nEffects of exercise interventions on depressive symptoms\nBased on the fourteen reviewed randomised control trials, which included 1701 participants in total, we found that reduction in depressive symptoms showed a small to moderate effect in depressive symptoms in favour of the exercise (figure 2), g=−0.38 (95% CI −0.89 to 0.13, P=0.14). The heterogeneity between studies was moderate (χ2=57.24, df=13, P<0.00001; I2=77%) (figure 3).\nDownload figure\nOpen in new tab\nDownload powerpoint\nFigure 2\nFunnel plot of SE by Hedges’ g. MD, mean difference.\nDownload figure\nOpen in new tab\nDownload powerpoint\nFigure 3\nForest plot of effect sizes gauging impact of exercise on depression.\nEffects from the type of exercise interventions on depressive symptoms\nAerobic exercise interventions\nWith regard to the type of the exercise intervention, aerobic interventions yielded a large and significant effect on depression at the last follow-up measurement compared with the control groups (figure 4), g=−1.23 (95% CI −1.97 to –0.49, P=0.001). There was no substantial heterogeneity (χ2=1.43, df=2, P=0.49; I2=0%). The mean length of these interventions was 12.66±3 weeks, 120 min of moderate aerobic exercise per week.\nDownload figure\nOpen in new tab\nDownload powerpoint\nFigure 4\nForest plot of effect sizes gauging impact of the aerobic exercise on depression.\nResistance exercise interventions\nIn addition, the resistance exercise interventions yielded a small and less significant effect in favour of the exercise group, g=−0.37 (95% CI −4.15 to 3.41, P=0.85). There was no substantial heterogeneity (χ2=0.03, df=1, P=0.86; I2=0%). The mean length of these interventions was 12 weeks, 120 min of moderate resistance exercise per week.\nAerobic and resistance exercise interventions\nThe six aerobic and resistance exercise interventions yielded a moderate effect in favour of exercise, g=−0.79 (95% CI −1.64 to 0.07, P=0.07). The heterogeneity was moderate (χ2=17.82, df=5, P=0.003; I2=72%) (figure 5). The mean length of these interventions was 13±6 weeks, 165 min of moderate aerobic and resistance exercise per week.\nDownload figure\nOpen in new tab\nDownload powerpoint\nFigure 5\nForest plot of effect sizes gauging impact of the aerobic and resistance exercise on depression.\nYoga exercise interventions\nThe two yoga supervised interventions showed no statistically significant differences in depression compared with the control group, g=1.31 (95% CI −1.85 to 4.47, P=0.42). There was no substantial heterogeneity (χ2=0.66, df=1, P=0.42; I2=0%). The mean length of these interventions was 9±3 weeks, 180 min of low yoga exercise per week.\nEffects from the duration of exercise interventions on depressive symptoms\nExercise duration: up to 12 weeks\nExercise duration up to 12 weeks yielded a moderate to large effect, g=−1.69 (95% CI −2.66 to −0.73, P=0.0006). The heterogeneity was low (χ2=13.32, df=9, P=0.15; I2=32%) (figure 6).\nDownload figure\nOpen in new tab\nDownload powerpoint\nFigure 6\nForest plot of exercise programme.\nExercise duration: over 12 weeks\nExercise duration over 12 weeks yielded a small and less significant effect, g=−0.13 (95% CI −0.47 to 0.73, P=0.68). The heterogeneity was high (χ2=34.10, df=3, P≤0.00001; I2=91%).\nEffects from the weekly duration of exercise interventions on depressive symptoms\nExercise duration: ≤135 min/week\nExercise duration within a week period (≤135 min/week) yielded a moderate to large effect, g=−0.82 (95% CI −1.54 to −0.10, P=0.16). The heterogeneity was low (χ2=9.17, df=6, P=0.03; I2=35%) (figure 7).\nDownload figure\nOpen in new tab\nDownload powerpoint\nFigure 7\nForest plot of exercise programme.\nExercise duration: ≥135 min/week\nExercise duration within a week period (≥135 min/week) yielded no significant effect, g=0.06 (95% CI −0.67 to 0.78, P=0.88). The heterogeneity was high (χ2=45.26, df=6, P≤0.00001; I2=87%).\nEffects from exercise interventions on depressive symptoms in patients under treatment and post-treatment\nExercise interventions in patients under treatment\nExercise interventions in patients under treatment yielded a moderate effect, g=−0.54 (95% CI −1.16 to 0.08, P=0.09). The heterogeneity was low (χ2=6.69, df=5, P=0.24; I2=25%) (figure 8).\nDownload figure\nOpen in new tab\nDownload powerpoint\nFigure 8\nForest plot of exercise during treatment.\nExercise interventions in patients post-treatment\nExercise interventions in patients post-treatment yielded a small and less significant effect, g=−0.05 (95% CI −0.95 to 0.85, P=0.91). The heterogeneity was high (χ2=49.79, df=7, P≤0.00001; I2=86%).\nDiscussion\nIn this literature review, we used studies published in the last years in order to assess the effects of physical activity and exercise interventions on depressive symptoms in breast cancer survivors during and after treatment. Additionally, we tried to identify the optimal exercise frequency and duration for the decrease of depressive symptoms. The main analysis indicates that exercise has a small to moderate effect (g=−0.38) on depression mood compared with the control groups. The I2 test showed a moderate heterogeneity, I2=77%, and the results from the methods of Begg and Egger et al yielded no evidence of publication bias. This indicates that exercise is beneficial to breast cancer survivors compared with inactivity. Over half of the survivors that are having depressive symptoms globally do not receive any treatment at all, and exercise and physical activity may make them feel better and more useful.43 These findings are similar with results from other studies,7 15 although the overall magnitude of reduction in depressive symptoms in the current one (g=−0.38) is approximately 50% greater. Moreover, the analysis showed a moderate effect (g=−0.54) for patients who are under treatment. It might be worth offering exercise interventions in breast cancer survivors starting as early as possible after diagnosis in order to decrease depressive symptoms.\nAlthough the majority of participants in the reviewed studies scored within normal level range of depressive symptoms at baseline, it is important to be referred that exercise interventions had significant positive effects on women with mild or clinical levels of depressive symptoms at baseline and those women under treatment.39 This finding may help physicians and care practices for future research. Other studies have examined the role of exercise in breast cancer survivors under cancer treatment but, due to their moderate methodological quality, no safe conclusions can be drawn.44 On the other hand, improvements in depressive symptoms and depression mood resulted from exercise interventions were also recorded in a meta-analysis of 17 randomised controlled trials involving 748 breast cancer survivors undergoing chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy, but further investigation needs to be done.16 45 Even during treatment (ie, chemotherapy), women need to be motivated to participate in both aerobic or aerobic and resistance training programmes of moderate intensity, with standard doses of aerobic interventions being more beneficial to women with clinical levels of depressive symptoms at baseline.39 These findings suggest that exercise is capable to reduce depressive symptoms and is tolerant, feasible and well accepted by people under or after treatment. These results are similar with other studies in the literature that support the beneficial role of exercise.46\nRegarding exercise intervention characteristics, in terms of type, the present analyses showed significantly beneficial effects of moderate aerobic exercise, g=−1.23. According to the ACS guidelines, in order to prevent cancer, adults should be engaged in at least 150 min of moderate aerobic exercise programmes.47 Continuous aerobic exercise training increases the levels of nor-adrenaline, epinephrine, serotonine and β-endorphine hormones, which are responsible for depressive symptoms.48 49\nResistance exercise interventions yielded a small and no significant effect on depressive symptoms, g=−0.37, but due to the small number of studies included in this analysis, these findings should be interpreted with caution. In the same wavelength, ACS makes no recommendation of resistance training among cancer survivors.47 On the other hand, ACSM suggests at least 2 days per week of resistance training exercise in order to achieve health benefits from exercise interventions.50 51\nAerobic and resistance training interventions yielded a moderate effect in favour of exercise, g=−0.79. This means that exercise programmes have to be applied with regard to breast cancer survivors’ specific characteristics and intensities. A combination of aerobic and resistance training programmes have to be adapted to their individual needs and physical abilities especially during or after cancer treatment.52–56\nFinally, yoga exercise interventions yielded no statistically significant differences in depression compared with the control group. This is in contradiction with other studies, which showed beneficial results on depression from asanas yoga programme.57 58 The different programmes of yoga intervention (ie, postures or exercise as standing, sun salutation, balance) might be an explanation for that. The current literature analysis included a small number of yoga studies; thus, these findings should be interpreted with caution.\nRegarding the duration (minutes and weeks), our results showed significant effects for ≥135 min per week, g=−0.82 (ideal divided equally), for up to 12 weeks, g=−1.69. Our study also showed that less than 150 min per week are needed in order to decrease depressive symptoms among breast cancer survivors.\nThe findings from the current study showed that exercise is a significant alternative way to decrease depressive symptoms among breast cancer survivors, even those under treatment, with moderate aerobic exercise interventions being most effective than other interventions with duration up to 135 min per week for up to 12 weeks. The high retention and adherence rates reported in most studies in conjunction with the recording of minimum adverse events related to exercise are encouraging in terms of feasibility and safety of exercise interventions. From clinical practice, it might be worth offering exercise interventions starting as early as possible after diagnosis to help survivors.\nLimitations and future research\nLimitations of the presented studies include the mostly small sample sizes (less than 100 participants), the recruiting of volunteers and the homogeneity of participants regarding race and socioeconomic status. More specifically, the majority of women in all studies were white, well educated and employed, and consequently, patients from minorities and subpopulations, who are more susceptible to depressive symptoms and thu
in major need of effective treatments, have been under-represented. As for limitations of the present literature review, we must note that depressive symptoms were identified as the secondary outcome in the majority of the studies. Furthermore, the inclusion of studies with different measurement tools for depression might have led to comparison of different definitions of symptoms of depression. Finally, an analysis of the exercise intensity was not possible given that the 11 out of 14 included studies used moderate intensity in their exercise protocols.\nDespite those limitations, we provide concrete evidence that exercise is associated with beneficial outcomes in breast cancer survivors. Future studies should seek to recruit depressed cancer survivors regardless of their willingness to participate in exercise interventions at first, by screening all potential participants and subsequently offering advice through physicians and oncology healthcare professionals about the biological and psychological positive effects of exercise during and after breast cancer treatment. Accordingly, large randomised controlled trials should include diverse ethnic and minority groups as well as other subgroups of breast cancer survivors, such as younger women and women who are of a lower level of education or unemployed, in order to identify those who will mostly benefit regarding depressive symptoms from exercise intervention.\nConclusions\nDepressive symptoms and depressive mood are a major psychosocial side effect of breast cancer diagnosis and treatment and are associated with poor adherence to treatment plan and reduced survival rates. Thus, effective treatments are of outmost importance. Engaging in regular physical activity is known to improve physical fitness and psychosocial well-being of breast cancer survivors. Regarding depression mood, exercise has been viewed as a cost-effective and non-invasive treatment alternative.\nIn the present literature analyses, we confirmed that exercise provides a small to moderate reduction in depression mood among breast cancer survivors. The average of ≥135 min per week for up to 12 weeks of supervised, moderate, aerobic exercise is more beneficial for depressive symptoms for patients under or after treatment. It is possible due to difficulty handling the burden of the disease, that women who suffer from depressive symptoms either precancer or due to cancer diagnosis are not willing to participate in exercise interventions. Cancer survivors should try to avoid inactivity. Physicians and medical care providers should suggest physical activity in order to optimise physical and psychological symptoms that are related to breast cancer. Nevertheless, exercise can be safely recommended to women with mild or clinical levels of depressive symptoms as there are no negative side effects of exercise participation throughout the course of cancer survivorship.\nAcknowledgments\nA special thanks to PC Dinas, Professor at the Department of Physical Education and Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, for his contribution to this paper.\nAlso, we would like to thank all patients and survivors for their participation.\nReferences\n1.↵\nDeSantis CE,\nLin CC,\nMariotto AB, et al\n. Cancer treatment and survivorship statistics, 2014. CA Cancer J Clin 2014;64:252–71.doi:10.3322/caac.21235\nOpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science\n2.↵\nPinto AC,\nde Azambuja E\n. Improving quality of life after breast cancer: dealing with symptoms. Maturitas 2011;70:343–8.doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2011.09.008\nOpenUrlCrossRefPubMed\n3.↵\nColeman MP,\nForman D,\nBryant H, et al\n. Cancer survival in Australia, Canada, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and the UK, 1995-2007 (the international cancer benchmarking partnership): an analysis of population-based cancer registry data. Lancet 2011;377:127–38.doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(10)62231-3\nOpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science\n4.↵\nZainal NZ,\nNik-Jaafar NR,\nBaharudin A, et al\n. Prevalence of depression in breast cancer survivors: a systematic review of observational studies. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013;14:2649–56.doi:10.7314/APJCP.2013.14.4.2649\nOpenUrlCrossRefPubMed\n5.↵\nLeach HJ,\nDanyluk JM,\nCulos-Reed SN\n. Design and implementation of a community-based exercise program for breast cancer patients. Curr Oncol 2014;21:267–71.doi:10.3747/co.21.2079\nOpenUrl\n6.↵\nRock CL,\nDoyle C,\nDemark-Wahnefried W, et al\n. Nutrition and physical activity guidelines for cancer survivors. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians 2012;62:242–74.doi:10.3322/caac.21142\nOpenUrlCrossRef\n7.↵\nBrown JC,\nHuedo-Medina TB,\nPescatello LS, et al\n. The efficacy of exercise in reducing depressive symptoms among cancer survivors: a meta-analysis. PLoS One 2012;7:e30955.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0030955\n8.↵\nBodai BI,\nTuso P\n. Breast cancer survivorship: a comprehensive review of long-term medical issues and lifestyle recommendations. Perm J 2015;19:48–79.doi:10.7812/TPP/14-241\nOpenUrl\n9.↵\nMassie MJ\n. Prevalence of depression in patients with cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 2004;2004:57–71.doi:10.1093/jncimonographs/lgh014\nOpenUrlCrossRefPubMed\n10.↵\nGanz PA\n. Psychological and social aspects of breast cancer. Oncology 2008;22:642–6.\nOpenUrl\n11.↵\nBurgess C,\nCornelius V,\nLove S, et al\n. Depression and anxiety in women with early breast cancer: five year observational cohort study. BMJ 2005;330:702.doi:10.1136/bmj.38343.670868.D3\nOpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text\n12.↵\nPerna FM,\nCraft L,\nFreund KM, et al\n. The effect of a cognitive behavioral exercise intervention on clinical depression in a multiethnic sample of women with breast cancer: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Sport Exerc Psychol 2010;8:36–47.doi:10.1080/1612197X.2010.9671932\nOpenUrl\n13.↵\nChapman DP,\nPerry GS,\nStrine TW\n. The vital link between chronic disease and depressive disorders. Prev Chronic Dis 2005;2:1–10.\nOpenUrlCrossRef\n14.↵\nVan Oers HM\n. Exercise effects on mood in breast cancer patients. South African Journal of Sports Medicine 2012;25:55–9.doi:10.17159/2078-516X/2013/v25i2a381\nOpenUrl\n15.↵\nCraft LL,\nVaniterson EH,\nHelenowski IB, et al\n. Exercise effects on depressive symptoms in cancer survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2012;21:3–19.doi:10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-11-0634\nOpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text\n16.↵\nCarayol M,\nBernard P,\nBoiché J, et al\n. Psychological effect of exercise in women with breast cancer receiving adjuvant therapy: what is the optimal dose needed? Ann Oncol 2013;24:291–300.doi:10.1093/annonc/mds342\nOpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science\n17.↵\nBluethmann SM,\nVernon SW,\nGabriel KP, et al\n. Taking the next step: a systematic review and meta-analysis of physical activity and behavior change interventions in recent post-treatment breast cancer survivors. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2015;149:331–42.doi:10.1007/s10549-014-3255-5\nOpenUrlCrossRefPubMed\n18.↵\nSmith I,\nProcter M,\nGelber RD, et al\n. 2-year follow-up of trastuzumab after adjuvant chemotherapy in HER2-positive breast cancer: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2007;369:29–36.doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60028-2\nOpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science\n19.↵\nSherrington C,\nHerbert RD,\nMaher CG, et al\n. PEDro. A database of randomized trials and systematic reviews in physiotherapy. Man Ther 2000;5:223–6.doi:10.1054/math.2000.0372\nOpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science\n20.↵\nZigmond AS,\nSnaith RP\n. The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1983;67:361–70.doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x\nOpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science\n21.↵\nHann D,\nWinter K,\nJacobsen P\n. Measurement of depressive symptoms in cancer patients: evaluation of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). J Psychosom Res 1999;46:437–43.\nOpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science\n22.↵\nBeck AT,\nSteer RA,\nBrown GK\n. Beck depression inventory-II. San Antonio 1996;78:490–8.\nOpenUrl\n23.↵\nMcNair DM,\nLorr M,\nDroppleman LF\n. Profile of mood state manual. San Diego (CA): Educational and Industrial Testing Service, 1971.\n24.↵\nBax L,\nYu LM,\nIkeda N, et al\n. Development and validation of MIX: comprehensive free software for meta-analysis of causal research data. BMC Med Res Methodol 2006;6:50.doi:10.1186/1471-2288-6-50\nOpenUrlCrossRefPubMed\n25.↵\nSchünemann HJ,\nOxman AD,\nVist GE, et al\n. Interpreting results and drawing conclusions. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions version, 2008.\n26.↵\nBegg CB\n. The handbook of research synthesis: Publication bias, 1994:299–409.\n27.↵\nEgger M,\nDavey Smith G,\nSchneider M, et al\n. Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test. BMJ 1997;315:629–34.doi:10.1136/bmj.315.7109.629\nOpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text\n28.↵\nMoher D,\nLiberati A,\nTetzlaff J, et al\n. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis: the PRISMA statement. PLoS Med 2009;6:e1000097.doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097\n29.↵\nBower JE,\nGaret D,\nSternlieb B, et al\n. Yoga for persistent fatigue in breast cancer survivors: a randomized controlled trial. Cancer 2012;118:3766–75.doi:10.1002/cncr.26702\nOpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science\n30.↵\nSteindorf K,\nSchmidt ME,\nKlassen O, et al\n. Randomized, controlled trial of resistance training in breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant radiotherapy: results on cancer-related fatigue and quality of life. Ann Oncol 2014;25:2237–43.doi:10.1093/annonc/mdu374\nOpenUrlCrossRefPubMed\n31.↵\nDemark-Wahnefried W,\nColditz GA,\nRock CL, et al\n. Quality of life outcomes from the Exercise and Nutrition Enhance Recovery and Good Health for You (ENERGY)-randomized weight loss trial among breast cancer survivors. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2015;154:329–37.doi:10.1007/s10549-015-3627-5\nOpenUrl\n32.↵\nSaxton JM,\nScott EJ,\nDaley AJ, et al\n. Effects of an exercise and hypocaloric healthy eating intervention on indices of psychological health status, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis regulation and immune function after early-stage breast cancer: a randomised controlled trial. Breast Cancer Res 2014;16:R39.doi:10.1186/bcr3643\nOpenUrl\n33.↵\nCantarero-Villanueva I,\nFernández-Lao C,\nCuesta-Vargas AI, et al\n. The effectiveness of a deep water aquatic exercise program in cancer-related fatigue in breast cancer survivors: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2013;94:221–30.doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2012.09.008\nOpenUrlCrossRefPubMed\n34.↵\nNaumann F,\nMartin E,\nPhilpott M, et al\n. Can counseling add value to an exercise intervention for improving quality of life in breast cancer survivors? A feasibility study. J Support Oncol 2012;10:188–94.doi:10.1016/j.suponc.2011.09.004\nOpenUrlPubMed\n35.↵\nSpahn G,\nChoi KE,\nKennemann C, et al\n. Can a multimodal mind-body program enhance the treatment effects of physical activity in breast cancer survivors with chronic tumor-associated fatigue? A randomized controlled trial. Integr Cancer Ther 2013;12:291–300.doi:10.1177/1534735413492727\nOpenUrlCrossRefPubMed\n36.↵\nChandwani KD,\nPerkins G,\nNagendra HR, et al\n. Randomized, controlled trial of yoga in women with breast cancer undergoing radiotherapy. J Clin Oncol 2014;32:1058–65.doi:10.1200/JCO.2012.48.2752\nOpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text\n37.↵\nTravier N,\nVelthuis MJ,\nSteins Bisschop CN, et al\n. Effects of an 18-week exercise programme started early during breast cancer treatment: a randomised controlled trial. BMC Med 2015;13:121.doi:10.1186/s12916-015-0362-z\nOpenUrlCrossRefPubMed\n38.↵\nCantarero-Villanueva I,\nFernández-Lao C,\nDel Moral-Avila R, et al\n. Effectiveness of core stability exercises and recovery myofascial release massage on fatigue in breast cancer survivors: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2012;2012:1–9.doi:10.1155/2012/620619\nOpenUrl\n39.↵\nCourneya KS,\nMcKenzie DC,\nGelmon K, et al\n. A multicenter randomized trial of the effects of exercise dose and type on psychosocial distress in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014;23:857–64.doi:10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-13-1163\nOpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text\n40.↵\nGokal K,\nWallis D,\nAhmed S, et al\n. Effects of a self-managed home-based walking intervention on psychosocial health outcomes for breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy: a randomised controlled trial. Support Care Cancer 2016;24:1139–66.doi:10.1007/s00520-015-2884-5\nOpenUrl\n41.↵\nSchmidt ME,\nWiskemann J,\nArmbrust P, et al\n. Effects of resistance exercise on fatigue and quality of life in breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Cancer 2015;137:471–80.doi:10.1002/ijc.29383\nOpenUrl\n42.↵\nErgun M,\nEyigor S,\nKaraca B, et al\n. Effects of exercise on angiogenesis and apoptosis-related molecules, quality of life, fatigue and depression in breast cancer patients. Eur J Cancer Care 2013;22:626–37.doi:10.1111/ecc.12068\nOpenUrl\n43.↵\nPedersen BK,\nSaltin B\n. Evidence for prescribing exercise as therapy in chronic disease. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2006;16(Suppl 1):3–63.doi:10.1111/j.1600-0838.2006.00520.x\nOpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science\n44.↵\nKnols R,\nAaronson NK,\nUebelhart D, et al\n. Physical exercise in cancer patients during and after medical treatment: a systematic review of randomized and controlled clinical trials. J Clin Oncol 2005;23:3830–42.doi:10.1200/JCO.2005.02.148\nOpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text\n45.↵\nMutrie N,\nCampbell A,\nBarry S, et al\n. Five-year follow-up of participants in a randomised controlled trial showing benefits from exercise for breast cancer survivors during adjuvant treatment. Are there lasting effects? J Cancer Surviv 2012;6:420–30.doi:10.1007/s11764-012-0233-y\nOpenUrlCrossRefPubMed\n46.↵\nDieli-Conwright CM,\nOrozco BZ\n. Exercise after breast cancer treatment: current perspectives. Breast Cancer 2015;7:353–62.doi:10.2147/BCTT.S82039\nOpenUrl\n47.↵\nKushi LH,\nDoyle C,\nMcCullough M, et al\n. American cancer society guidelines on nutrition and physical activity for cancer prevention. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians 2012;62:30–67.doi:10.3322/caac.20140\nOpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science\n48.↵\nArida RM,\nNaffah-Mazzacoratti MG,\nSoares J, et al\n. Monoamine responses to acute and chronic aerobic exercise in normotensive and hypertensive subjects. Sao Paulo Med J 1998;116:1618–24.doi:10.1590/S1516-31801998000100005\nOpenUrlPubMed\n49.↵\nDinas PC,\nKoutedakis Y,\nFlouris AD\n. Effects of exercise and physical activity on depression. Ir J Med Sci 2011;180:319–25.doi:10.1007/s11845-010-0633-9\nOpenUrlCrossRefPubMed\n50.↵\nNelson ME,\nRejeski WJ,\nBlair SN, et al\n. Physical activity and public health in older adults: recommendation from the american college of sports medicine and the american heart association. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2007;39:1435–45.doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e3180616aa2\nOpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science\n51.↵\nSchmitz KH,\nCourneya KS,\nMatthews C, et al\n. American college of sports medicine roundtable on exercise guidelines for cancer survivors. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2010;42:1409–26.doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181e0c112\nOpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science\n52.↵\nJones LW,\nEves ND,\nPeppercorn J\n. Pre-exercise screening and prescription guidelines for cancer patients. Lancet Oncol 2010;11:914–6.doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(10)70184-4\nOpenUrlCrossRefPubMed\n53.↵\nCourneya KS,\nMcKenzie DC,\nMackey JR, et al\n. Subgroup effects in a randomised trial of different types and doses of exercise during breast cancer chemotherapy. Br J Cancer 2014;111:1718–25.doi:10.1038/bjc.2014.466\nOpenUrlCrossRefPubMed\n54.↵\nGarber CE,\nBlissmer B,\nDeschenes MR, et al\n. American college of sports medicine position stand. Quantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and neuromotor fitness in apparently healthy adults: guidance for prescribing exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2011;43:1334–59.doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e318213fefb\nOpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science\n55.↵\nCourneya KS,\nSegal RJ,\nVallerand JR, et al\n. Motivation for different types and doses of exercise during breast cancer chemotherapy: a randomized controlled trial. Ann Behav Med 2016;50:554–63.doi:10.1007/s12160-016-9782-z\nOpenUrl\n56.↵\nScharhag-Rosenberger F,\nKuehl R,\nKlassen O, et al
n. Exercise training intensity prescription in breast cancer survivors: validity of current practice and specific recommendations. J Cancer Surviv 2015;9:612–9.doi:10.1007/s11764-015-0437-z\nOpenUrl\n57.↵\nChan C\n. The long-term effects of yoga and aerobic exercise on cognitive function and clinical symptoms in early psychosis: a follow-up randomized control trial: HKU Theses Online, 2014.\n58.↵\nZuo X-L,\nLi Q,\nGao F, et al\n. Effects of yoga on negative emotions in patients with breast cancer: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Int J Nurs Sci 2016;3:299–306.doi:10.1016/j.ijnss.2016.07.009\nOpenUrl\nView Abstract\nFootnotes\nContributors Concept/design: EDP. Drafting and revising critically the article: GDA, FGA and MVK. Final approval of the version to be submitted: MVK.\nCompeting interests None declared.\nProvenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.\nRequest Permissions\nIf you wish to reuse any or all of this article please use the link below which will take you to the Copyright Clearance Center’s RightsLink service. You will be able to get a quick price and instant permission to reuse the content in many different ways.\nCopyright information:\n© European Society for Medical Oncology (unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2017. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted. This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/\nLinked Articles\nCorrespondence\nResponse: Effects of physical activity on depressive symptoms during breast cancer survivorship: a meta-analysis of randomised control trials\nEfrossini D Patsou Michalis V Karamouzis\nESMO Open 2018; 3 - Published Online First: 09 Apr 2018. doi: 10.1136/esmoopen-2018-000333\nRead the full text or download the PDF:\nSubscribe\nLog in\nLog in via Institution\nLog in via OpenAthens\nLog in using your username and password\nFor personal accounts OR managers of institutional accounts\nUsername *\nPassword *\nForgot your log in details?Register a new account?\nForgot your user name or password?\nContent\nLatest content\nArchive\nMost read articles\nResponses\nJournal\nAbout\nEditorial policies\nEditorial board\nThank you to our reviewers\nSign up for email alerts\nAuthors\nInstructions for authors\nSubmit an article\nFAQs\nOpen Access at BMJ\nBMJ Author Hub\nHelp\nContact us\nReprints\nPermissions\nAdvertising\nFeedback form\nRSS\nTwitter\nFacebook\nSoundcloud\nWebsite Terms & Conditions\nPrivacy & Cookies\nContact BMJ\nOnline: ISSN 2059-7029\nCopyright © 2018 European Society for Medical Oncology\n京ICP备15042040号-3 | 2019-04-20T14:18:45Z | "https://esmoopen.bmj.com/content/2/5/e000271" | esmoopen.bmj.com | 2 | 7 | 2 |
Achilles' Tendon Disorders - Rubin Foot & Ankle Center\nHome\nContact (New Extended Hours)\nWhat We Treat\nAchilles' Tendon >\nAchilles' Tendon Disorders\nAchilles' Tendon Rupture\nAnkle Problems >\nAnkle Fractures\nAnkle Pain\nAnkle Sprain\nChronic Ankle Instability\nArthritis\nAthlete's Foot\nBiopsy\nBone Infection (Osteomyelitis)\nBunions\nBursitis\nCallouses\nCavus Foot (High-Arched Foot)\nCharcot Foot\nCorns\nDiabetes >\nDiabetic Amputation Prevention\nDiabetic Foot Care\nDiabetic Peripheral Neuropathy\nDance Injuries\nEquinus\nGanglion Cyst\nGout\nHaglund's Deformity\nHammertoes\nPediatric Flatfoot\nToenail Problems >\nIngrown Toenail\nNail Fungus\nAbout\nPatient Portal\nAchilles' Tendon Disorders\nAchilles Tendon Disorders\nWhat Is the Achilles Tendon?\nThe Achilles tendon is a band of tissue that connects a muscle to a bone. It runs down the back of the lower leg and connects the calf muscle to the heel bone. Also called the heel cord, the Achilles tendon facilitates walking by helping to raise the heel off the ground.\nAchilles Tendonitis and Achilles Tendonosis\nTwo common disorders that occur in the heel cord are Achilles tendonitis and Achilles tendonosis.\nAchilles tendonitis is an inflammation of the Achilles tendon. This inflammation is typically short-lived. Over time, if not resolved, the condition may progress to a degeneration of the tendon (Achilles tendonosis), in which the tendon loses its organized structure and is likely to develop microscopic tears. Sometimes the degeneration involves the site where the Achilles tendon attaches to the heel bone. In rare cases, chronic degeneration with or without pain may result in rupture of the tendon.\nCauses\nAs \"overuse\" disorders, Achilles tendonitis and tendonosis are usually caused by a sudden increase of a repetitive activity involving the Achilles tendon. Such activity puts too much stress on the tendon too quickly, leading to micro-injury of the tendon fibers. Due to this ongoing stress on the tendon, the body is unable to repair the injured tissue. The structure of the tendon is then altered, resulting in continued pain.\nAthletes are at high risk for developing disorders of the Achilles tendon. Achilles tendonitis and tendonosis are also common in individuals whose work puts stress on their ankles and feet, such as laborers, as well as in “weekend warriors”—those who are less conditioned and participate in athletics only on weekends or infrequently.\nIn addition, people with excessive pronation (flattening of the arch) have a tendency to develop Achilles tendonitis and tendonosis due to the greater demands placed on the tendon when walking. If these individuals wear shoes without adequate stability, their overpronation could further aggravate the Achilles tendon.\nSymptomsThe symptoms associated with Achilles tendonitis and tendonosis include:\nPain—aching, stiffness, soreness or tenderness—within the tendon. This may occur anywhere along the tendon’s path, beginning with the tendon’s attachment directly above the heel upward to the region just below the calf muscle. Pain often appears upon arising in the morning or after periods of rest, then improves somewhat with motion but later worsens with increased activity.\nTenderness, or sometimes intense pain, when the sides of the tendon are squeezed. There is less tenderness, however, when pressing directly on the back of the tendon.\nWhen the disorder progresses to degeneration, the tendon may become enlarged and may develop nodules in the area where the tissue is damaged.\nDiagnosis\nIn diagnosing Achilles tendonitis or tendonosis, the surgeon will examine the patient’s foot and ankle and evaluate the range of motion and condition of the tendon. The extent of the condition can be further assessed with x-rays or other imaging modalities.\nTreatment\nTreatment approaches for Achilles tendonitis or tendonosis are selected on the basis of how long the injury has been present and the degree of damage to the tendon. In the early stage, when there is sudden (acute) inflammation, one or more of the following options may be recommended:\nImmobilization. Immobilization may involve the use of a cast or removable walking boot to reduce forces through the Achilles tendon and promote healing.\nIce. To reduce swelling due to inflammation, apply a bag of ice over a thin towel to the affected area for 20 minutes of each waking hour. Do not put ice directly against the skin.\nOral medications. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen, may be helpful in reducing the pain and inflammation in the early stage of the condition.\nOrthotics. For those with overpronation or gait abnormalities, custom orthotic devices may be prescribed.\nNight splints. Night splints help to maintain a stretch in the Achilles tendon during sleep.\nPhysical therapy. Physical therapy may include strengthening exercises, soft-tissue massage/mobilization, gait and running re-education, stretching and ultrasound therapy.\nWhen Is Surgery Needed?\nIf nonsurgical approaches fail to restore the tendon to its normal condition, surgery may be necessary. The foot and ankle surgeon will select the best procedure to repair the tendon, based on the extent of the injury, the patient’s age and activity level, and other factors.\nPrevention\nTo prevent Achilles tendonitis or tendonosis from recurring after surgical or nonsurgical treatment, the foot and ankle surgeon may recommend strengthening and stretching of the calf muscles through daily exercises. Wearing proper shoes for the foot type and activity is also important in preventing recurrence of the condition.\nSource: https://www.foothealthfacts.org/conditions/achilles-tendon-disorders\nHome\nContact (New Extended Hours)\nWhat We Treat\nAchilles' Tendon >\nAchilles' Tendon Disorders\nAchilles' Tendon Rupture\nAnkle Problems >\nAnkle Fractures\nAnkle Pain\nAnkle Sprain\nChronic Ankle Instability\nArthritis\nAthlete's Foot\nBiopsy\nBone Infection (Osteomyelitis)\nBunions\nBursitis\nCallouses\nCavus Foot (High-Arched Foot)\nCharcot Foot\nCorns\nDiabetes >\nDiabetic Amputation Prevention\nDiabetic Foot Care\nDiabetic Peripheral Neuropathy\nDance Injuries\nEquinus\nGanglion Cyst\nGout\nHaglund's Deformity\nHammertoes\nPediatric Flatfoot\nToenail Problems >\nIngrown Toenail\nNail Fungus\nAbout\nPatient Portal | 2019-04-18T15:00:40Z | "http://www.rubinfootandankle.com/achilles-tendon-disorders.html" | www.rubinfootandankle.com | 0 | 3 | 2 |
Fashion Can Be Healthy Too! Know the Benefits of Copper Bracelet\nFollow Us:\nGive tips on holistic health.\nFashion Can Be Healthy Too! Know the Benefits of Copper Bracelet\nWearing copper bracelets has many positive effects on the health of an individual. Copper bracelet benefits, on the overall body system, can be availed with the regular use of these wristbands...\nMarlene Alphonse\nLast Updated: Feb 10, 2018\nCopper is one of the metals in the Earth's crust and has a number of applications. Copper was also used as a medicinal therapy in parts of the world, for many centuries. The body needs approximately 1.5 to 3 mg, as recommended by physicians. However, this requirement is not fulfilled by dietary intake of copper and the person ended suffering from copper deficiency. Since copper does not get assimilated into the body as easily, copper bracelets came into existence. Apart from bracelets, copper can be donned in the form of rings and chains. In this manner, copper would be readily absorbed into the bloodstream and address the problem. The first time copper bracelets were used was in ancient Egypt from many centuries. From there, this practice has been followed in other parts of the globe and even doctors advice people to use this method of healing. Wearing a copper bracelet is known to provide relief from maladies. Copper bracelets can be purchased from holistic healing centers and health food stores. Read further for more information regarding the beneficial uses of copper bracelets and their effect on the body.\nBenefits of Wearing Copper Bracelets\nCopper bracelet therapy has proved to be beneficial in treating a number of ailments. Using copper bracelet for pain caused due to arthritis and other inflammatory diseases, is an excellent remedial measure. This conventional method of treatment has been adopted across various cultures and has a placebo effect. Here are some of the benefits of wearing a copper bracelet.\nOne of the advantages of wearing a copper wristband is that the mineral is easily absorbed in the body. This helps fight copper deficiency, which affects the body in many ways. As the body perspires, sweat is produced and the microminerals like iron and zinc in the copper band combine with it. The body may reabsorb the sweat and in this manner, these minerals enter the bloodstream and yield positive results. A constant low dosage of these minerals strengthen the tissues and joints.\nIt has been proven that a deficiency of copper in the body can weaken the muscles and joints. As the person ages, the copper content in the body begins to drop resulting in the individual suffering from arthritis and other joint problems. Using copper bracelets for arthritis are effective in reducing the inflammation and pain in the joints. Hence physicians recommend copper bracelets to arthritis patients for significant relief from this joint disorder, without unwanted any side effects.\nYou can reduce the stiffness of joints by wearing copper wristbands. The copper absorbed into the body through the process of transdermal micronutrition helps reduce the stiffness in the joints, as seen in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. The joints also become flexible thereby attributing free, effortless movement sans pain.\nOnce the copper enters the bloodstream it begins its action and also balances the amount of zinc in the blood. The molecules of copper attach themselves to the enzymes and trigger the production of hemoglobin. This aids in the repair of the tissues and also heals any internal damage in the body system. An increased hemoglobin also helps strengthen the immune system and prevents the occurrence of a number of infections and diseases.\nWearing a copper bracelet also has a number of positive effects on the cardiovascular system. Copper is known to control erratic blood pressure, which may cause damage to the arteries, and also give rise to aneurysms. All these factors can damage the heart which can prove life-threatening. Teamed with proper diet and exercise, copper bracelets help prevent cardiovascular diseases like atherosclerosis, strokes or heart attacks.\nYou can continue using them until there are no proven side effects of using copper bracelets. If you want to discontinue the usage of this band, then consult your health care provider who may advice you on the same. Stay healthy!\nShare This\nChyawanprash as a Memory Booster\nHealth Benefits of Chyawanprash\nKnow How Chyawanprash is Your Immune System's Best Companion\nChyawanprash: The Secret to Healthy Weight Loss\nChyawanprash- The Best Remedy for Cough and Cold\nChyawanprash FAQs Answered\nChyawanprash: An Essential \"Supplement\" for Yogis\nRose Water Benefits\nNeem Oil Benefits\nHealth Benefits of Turmeric\nHimalayan Salt Benefits\nHome Remedies for Removing Skin Moles\nChinese Massage Therapy\nRed Tea Benefits\nClove Oil Uses\nCamphor Uses\nPeppermint Tea Benefits\nEnergy Bracelets - Do They Work?\nItchy Throat Remedy\nEpsom Salt Substitutes\nNatural Colon Cleansing Recipes\nBack Massage Pressure Points\nHeadache Relief Pressure Points\nUpset Stomach Remedies\nNatural Cough Suppressant\nHome Remedies for Lower Back Pain\nCherry Juice Benefits\nStomach Gas Remedies\nFacts on Honey and Cinnamon\nSea Salt Benefits\nEyelid Twitching Remedies\nTooth Pain Relief\n©2019. All rights reserved.\nAbout Us\nPrivacy Policy\nTerms of Service | 2019-04-25T22:37:56Z | "https://holisticzine.com/copper-bracelet-benefits" | holisticzine.com | 1 | 3 | 0 |
Zinc Facts, Benefits and Uses | Zinc medical Benefits, Deficiency, Food Sources and Supplements\nVitamins\nNutrition\nWellness\nHealth\nFitness\nCooking\nDiet\nHome � Nutrition � Minerals � Zinc\nZinc Mineral Trace Element Benefits - Zinc rich food and Supplements\nTweet\nZinc is found in all tissues and especially in the eye, kidney, brain, liver, muscle and reproductive organs. It aids the healing of burns, wounds and other minor skin disorders, is useful for bone development and maintaining a healthy resistance to disease and in the reduction of inflammation or body odour.\nFood Sources of Zinc\nNatural food sources of zinc include oysters, red meat and poultry, beans, nuts, whole grains, pumpkin seed or sunflower seeds. Herbs that contain zinc include alfalfa, burdock root, cayenne, chamomile, chickweed, dandelion, eyebright, fennel seed, hops, milk thistle, mullein, nettle, parsley, rose hips, sage, sarsaparilla, skullcap, and wild yam.\nBenefits and Functions of Zinc\nZinc is needed for: Functioning of many (over 200) enzymes; Strong immune system; Zinc is an essential element in human beings, necessary for sustaining life. Deficiencies of zinc have marked effects on weight gain in animals. Zinc is found in insulin, zinc finger proteins, and such enzymes as superoxide dismutase. According to some sources, taking zinc tablets may provide some immunity against colds and fl, although this is disputed. Eyesight, taste, smell and memory are also connected with zinc and a deficiency in zinc can cause malfunctions of these organs and functions.\nStrengthen your health with zinc benefits\nZinc is one of the minerals that our body requires for healthy living. Though in small amount, but zinc forms an integral part of mineral required by the body, and there are plenty of benefits of consuming Zinc. That is the reason why we intake zinc in small amounts through various means.\nRole of Zinc in our body:\nZinc is an essential mineral which takes part in a lot of metabolic activities of our body. Zinc benefits are wide and include healthy and proper functioning of the body.\nZinc Benefits:\nThere are plenty of benefits of Zinc. Few of the important ones are:\nZinc helps in healing up the injuries. Our body is prone to its and scratches but gradually with time, the wounds are healed. This is done with t e help of zinc. It is one of the zinc benefits to heal the injuries in the human body.\nZinc benefits also include maintenance of proper growth and development of the various organs of the body. Zinc also helps in hair growth. For those suffering from diabetes, zinc helps in producing insulin which helps them in controlling their blood sugar level.\nThe most important point amongst the zinc benefits is the strengthening of the immune system. The immune system is greatly affected by the zinc supplements. Zinc helps in secretion of a lot of enzymes, and in the same way strengthens the immune system.\ninc is thus often taken for immunizing the body against common cold and cough. It is also seen that AIDS patients have increased their immunity by zinc benefits.\nSources of zinc:\nZinc is available in natural as well as artificial resources. One can avail it from the foods like oyster, liver, almond, milk. One can even go for the zinc supplements that are available in the market to fulfill the deficiency of Zinc.\nDosage\nYou should be able to get all the zinc you need from your daily diet. This is approximately:\n5.5 to 9.5 mg a day for men\n4 to 7 mg a day for women\nWhat are the deficiency symptoms of Zinc?\nToo little zinc can result in enlarged prostate, impaired sexual functions, dandruff, hair loss, poor sense of taste and smell, and stretch marks that commonly appear after extreme growth spurts such as in pregnancy and adolescence. In males, zinc is important for the production of semen. Up to 5 mg of zinc is lost during ejaculation. Defiencies in zinc in males can lead to reduced sperm count and sex drive. Frequent ejaculations can lead to zinc defiency.\nHealth Benefits of Zinc\nZinc helps in keeping us away from lot of many diseases. Zinc is a mineral that synthesizes collagen. Zinc also helps in proper functioning of enzymes.\nSome of the diseases in which Zinc can be effective are as follows:\nChildhood intelligence (for deficiency)\nCommon cold\nContact dermatitis (using zinc sulfate)\nDown's syndrome\nInfertility (male)\nound healing (oral and topical)\nNight blindness\nWeight loss\nPregnancy - Repair and functioning of DNA.\nOverdosage Signs of Zinc\nTaking high doses of zinc reduces the amount of copper the body can absorb. This can lead to anaemia and to weakening of the bones. Excessive intake is not a common problem but especially if zinc supplements are taken over an extended period of time, can reduce the absorption of Copper (so Copper supplements may also be appropriate).\nRecommended Daily Allowance (RDA) of Zinc\nGenerally for the common people intake of zinc, is about 15 mg daily, is adequate to prevent deficiencies. The amount also varies based on the individuals.\nThe following information includes only the average amounts of zinc.\nInfants birth to 6 months: 2 mg\nInfants 7 to 12 months: 3 mg\nChildren 1 to 3 years: 3 mg\nChildren birth to 3 years of ag: 2 to 4 mg\nChildren 4 to 6 years of age: 5 mg\nChildren 7 to 10 years of age: 7 to 9 mg\nAdult and teenage males: 9 to 12 mg\nAdult and teenage females: 9 mg\nPregnant females: 15 mg\nBreast-feeding females: 15 mg\nZinc Deficiency\nAcrodermatitis enteropathica\nMetal fume fever\nIf you like it, spread it\nTweet\nFollow @onlinevitguide\nFollow OVG\nTweet\nShare |\nRelated Articles on Minerals\nMinerals Chart\nCalcium\nChloride\nMagnesium\nPhosphorus\nPotassium\nSodium\nSulfur\nBoron\nChromium\nCobalt\nCopper\nFluorine\nIodine\nIron\nManganese\nMolybdenum\nSelenium\nSilicon\nZinc\nBenefits of Calcium\nNutrition - Vitamins | Amino Acids | Herbs | Minerals | Nutrients | Supplements | Enzymes\nWellness - Healthy Living | Dental Care | Products | Skin Vitamins | Ayurveda | Slideshow\nHealth - Deficiency | Alternative Medicines | How To | Symptoms | Food Kitchen How tos?\nFitness - Exercises | Gardening\nFood & Cooking - Recipes | Fruits & Vegetables\nHealthy Eating & Diet - Diet | Weight Loss | Green Tea | Noni Juice | Acai\nNutrition Articles | Your Feedback & Suggestions | Newsletter\nDisclaimer | Blog\nHome © 2001-2013 online-vitamins-guide.com. 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Just 3 sessions of aerobic exercise per week can relieve clinical depression\nJust 3 sessions of aerobic exercise per week can relieve clinical depression\n01/23/2019 / By Michelle Simmons\nA systematic review published in the journal Depression and Anxiety suggests that aerobic exercise has significant antidepressant effects for people with clinical depression. More specifically, the review reported that three 45-minute sessions of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise every week may relieve clinical depression.\nA team of researchers from Greece, the U.K., and Canada evaluated the antidepressant effects of aerobic exercise on people suffering from clinical depression. The research team looked at 11 studies with a total of 455 adult participants.\nInstead of taking antidepressant drugs – which is the conventional treatment for depression – the participants underwent supervised moderate-intensity aerobic exercise for an average of 45 minutes, thrice a week for a period of 9.2 weeks. (Related: Stopping exercise can plunge people back into depression after only THREE DAYS, study concludes.)\nThe results showed that the exercise routine significantly improved the symptoms of depression, regardless of their severity. In addition, in trials for individuals with a lower risk of clinical depression, aerobic exercise produced moderate-to-large antidepressant effects. For trials with short?term exercise interventions or up to four weeks, exhibited large antidepressant effects.\nBased on these findings, the research team concluded that aerobic exercise can relieve symptoms of depression and may be used as an effective treatment for this mental illness.\nMore on depression\nDepression is a life-threatening and burdensome mental illness. In recent years, the number of people suffering from this mental illness has increased. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), around 300 million people around the world suffer from depression. Furthermore, it is estimated that 15 percent of the adult population will experience depression at some point in their lives.\nA person with depression may experience the following symptoms:\nChanges in appetite which cause either weight loss or gain.\nExhibiting purposeless physical activities or actions that show distress or worry like hand-wringing.\nFeeling worthless or guilty.\nDifficulty thinking, concentrating, or making decisions.\nDifficulty falling asleep.\nSleeping excessively.\nLosing energy or feeling weak.\nLosing interest or pleasure in activities previously enjoyed.\nSlowed movements or speech that is observable by others.\nThinking of death or having thoughts of killing oneself.\nMore ways to beat depression\nIn addition to aerobic exercise, there are other non-drug treatments available that help beat depression. These include the following:\nCurcumin: Research has found that curcumin, which is the primary active compound of turmeric, is a safe and effective alternative treatment for people with depression. However, the study only suggests it for people who do not show suicidal intentions or have a concurrent psychotic disorder.\nSaffron: Research has also reported that saffron extracts offer antidepressant effects. In a small study, researchers compared the effects of saffron with the effects of fluoxetine (an antidepressant drug) on people with depression and found that both produced similar improvements.\nMeditation: Meditation, which is an active training of the mind, can also help reduce the symptoms of anxiety and depression. This practice involves a 30- to 40-minute daily mind training to accept feelings and thoughts without judgment, as well as relaxing the mind and body.\nYoga: Practicing yoga can help reduce stress and anxiety by decreasing heart rate, lowering blood pressure, and improving breathing. A study on yoga found that the practice helps improve symptoms of depression in the long run.\nRead more news stories and studies on natural ways to battle with depression by going to BeatDepression.news.\nSources include:\nPsychologyToday.com\nPsychiatry.org\nVerywellMind.com\nPsycom.net\nTagged Under: aerobic exercise, beat depression, Clinical depression, depression, depressive disorder, exercise, fitness, mental health, mind body science, Natural Treatments, prevention, remedies\nComments\nPlease enable JavaScript to view the comments powered by Disqus.\ncomments powered by Disqus\nRECENT NEWS & ARTICLES\nU.K. Doctors want to prescribe dangerous party drug Special K for depression\n03/16/2019 / By Tracey Watson\nDiabetics can improve their quality of life with guided meditation\n03/16/2019 / By Michelle Simmons\nScientists still don’t understand what causes Alzheimer’s but are beginning to see it as a “whole body” problem that manifests in the brain\n03/15/2019 / By Rita Winters\nPhysician burnout linked to stress caused by using electronic health records\n03/15/2019 / By Edsel Cook\nPhysical exercise reduces severity of Alzheimer’s symptoms\n03/15/2019 / By Michelle Simmons\nMediterranean diet linked to lower depression risk, according to study\n03/14/2019 / By Zoey Sky\nHow does a plant-based diet help diabetics have a better mood?\n03/14/2019 / By Zoey Sky\nResearch shows that insulin resistance may be detrimental to brain health\n03/14/2019 / By Rita Winters\nSimple strategies for lifelong brain health\n03/14/2019 / By Zoey Sky\nSpending too much time on social media can make you lonely and depressed\n03/13/2019 / By Zoey Sky\nScientists say eating eggs for breakfast helps boost brain function\n03/13/2019 / By Amy Goodrich\nThe brain-body connection: Study reveals that boys with good motor skills are also great at problem-solving\n03/11/2019 / By Edsel Cook\nThe science is in: Acupuncture can help address treatment-resistant depression\n03/11/2019 / By Rhonda Johansson\nHappier and healthier: Curcumin-rich turmeric can help ease depression and anxiety, researchers find\n03/11/2019 / By Isabelle Z.\nStudy: Following a choline-rich diet may offer transgenerational protection against Alzheimer’s disease\n03/11/2019 / By Lance D Johnson\nOmega-3s found to help those suffering from PTSD\n03/10/2019 / By Michelle Simmons\nLack of sleep alters adolescent behavior: Study finds it reduces brain activity, compromises judgement leading to increased risk of addiction, depression\n03/09/2019 / By David Williams\nOmega-3 supplementation can improve psychophysiological symptoms of PTSD\n03/08/2019 / By Michelle Simmons\nOmega-3s can improve depressive symptoms in older adults\n03/08/2019 / By Michelle Simmons\nScientists study the effects of stress on social competence, finding that those with less stress are better able to handle social situations\n03/07/2019 / By David Williams\nMental.News is a fact-based public education website published by Mental News Features, LLC.\nAll content copyright © 2018 by Mental News Features, LLC.\nContact Us with Tips or Corrections\nAll trademarks, registered trademarks and servicemarks mentioned on this site are the property of their respective owners.\nPrivacy Policy | 2019-04-19T18:42:06Z | "https://mental.news/2019-01-23-aerobic-exercise-can-relieve-clinical-depression.html" | mental.news | 1 | 3 | 2 |
What Is Music Therapy and How Can It Help Alzheimer’s?\nAbout Caring People\nCare Process\nCare Team\nOur Technology\nTestimonials\nFAQ\nBlog\nHome Care Services\nAlzheimer’s & Dementia Care\nCare Management Services\nCare Programs\nDementia Care\nTransitional Care\nMusic Therapy\nOvernight Care\nPet Therapy\nCompanion Care\nHands-On Care\nMedicare Services\nSkilled Nursing Care\nContact us\nCareers\nFree Consultation\nLocations\nAll Locations\nNY – Babylon\nNY – Westchester/Bronx\nNY – Hempstead\nNY – Queens\nNJ – Clifton\nNJ – Toms River\nCT – Norwalk\nCT – New Haven\nCT – Darien\nFL – West Palm Beach\nFL – Miami\nFL – Pompano Beach\nFL – Jupiter\nAbout Caring People\nCare Process\nCare Team\nOur Technology\nTestimonials\nFAQ\nBlog\nHome Care Services\nAlzheimer’s & Dementia Care\nCare Management Services\nCare Programs\nDementia Care\nTransitional Care\nMusic Therapy\nOvernight Care\nPet Therapy\nCompanion Care\nHands-On Care\nMedicare Services\nSkilled Nursing Care\nContact us\nCareers\nFree Consultation\nLocations\nAll Locations\nNY – Babylon\nNY – Westchester/Bronx\nNY – Hempstead\nNY – Queens\nNJ – Clifton\nNJ – Toms River\nCT – Norwalk\nCT – New Haven\nCT – Darien\nFL – West Palm Beach\nFL – Miami\nFL – Pompano Beach\nFL – Jupiter\nScroll\nby Adinah East\nApr 28 2017\nFacebook\nTwitter\nGoogle+\nPinterest\nWhat Is Music Therapy and How Can It Help People with Alzheimer’s?\nMusic therapy can improve the quality of life for elder patients, especially those suffering from degenerative diseases, like Huntington’s, Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s. But, what is music therapy for Alzheimer’s patients and how can it help seniors?\nA study on the effect of music therapy that was conducted at the University of Miami School of Medicine reported that the benefits of music therapy include increased secretion levels of our “feel-good” brain chemicals, including serotonins, prolactin, norepinephrine, melatonin, and norepinephrine, especially in Alzheimer’s patients.\nBut, the results are actually manifold. Music therapy can reduce stress and anxiety, help to ease depression, and encourage positive social interactions. It can even improve motor function and cognition in older adults. That’s because even as diseases like dementia and Alzheimer’s progress, and cognitive function tends to decline, the human brain will still respond to music – it is an innate ability we, as humans, have. Best of all, the benefits have been shown to continue long after the music stops.\nThe trick is to find music that resonates with your aging relative. If they are able to communicate, ask them about their favorite compositions and artists from their youth and then start incorporating music into their daily routines. After all, if using music therapeutically for depression and anxiety can help ease your loved one’s anxieties and improve their quality of life, surely it has to be worth trying?\nIn this article, we are going to explore:\nMusic Therapy Facts\nWhat is Music Therapy for Alzheimer’s?\nMusic as a Wondrous Tool\nThe Health Benefits of Music Therapy\nHow to Use Music Therapeutically\nThe Early Stages\nThe Middle Stage\nThe Late Stages\nConclusion\nMusic Therapy Facts\nMuch research has been conducted on the benefits of music therapy for the elderly. Here are a few quick facts:\nA study at UC Irvine found that Alzheimer’s patients improved their scores on memory tests when they listened to classical music.\nAdults between the ages of 60 – 85 who do not have prior musical experience have shown an improvement in the speed at which they process and remember, after only three months of weekly piano lessons.\nThe neural and cognitive benefits of music continue throughout our lives and can help to counteract certain effects of aging, including hearing difficulties and memory loss in seniors.\nParticipating in music therapy programs has a positive effect on the physical and mental health of older adults, as well as their social functioning.\nThese are just some of the amazing music therapy facts and studies that have been conducted in relation to the effect of music therapy. We are mostly interested in the effects music has on senior citizens, especially those suffering from dementia and Alzheimer’s disease.\nShare This Infographic On Your Site\nPlease include attribution to Caring People Inc with this graphic.\nWhat is Music Therapy for Alzheimer’s Disease?\nCertainly, music therapy for older adults suffering from Alzheimer’s disease can differ significantly from person to person. In fact, it is the desired effect of the therapy that changes as circumstances change.\nFor instance, someone suffering from a physical injury, like a broken leg, may find music therapy to be soothing and healing, and aid in a quicker recovery through a music therapy technique called gait training, which uses music to motivate patients and assists with their movement.\nSomeone who experiences chronic pain, on the other hand, might derive welcome relief from their pain through the benefits of music therapy.\nOverall, a therapist will design a tailored care plan based on the individual’s needs. As for patients who have Alzheimer’s and dementia, music can help them reduce depression, enhance memory, and improve social interaction.\nMusic therapists are professionals with university educations and certifications. They study the field and publish their findings to ensure patients receive the best music therapy care.\nAccording to the American Music Therapy Association,[I] music therapy is an evidence-based, as well as clinical-based, use of music intervention that is used to reach a range of individualized goals within a therapeutic setting with a professional music therapist. The Association stresses that music therapy can:\nAlleviate pain\nPromote a sense of well-being\nManage stress\nEnhance memory\nExpress feelings – be they happy, sad, angry, or joyous\nPromote positive physical rehabilitation\nImprove communication and social interaction\nEnhance memory\nReduce depression\nPromote motor functioning\nWhile music therapy technically requires a board-certified music therapist who is able to assess the client’s needs and then create a treatment plan and implement music intervention based on those individual needs.\nIf you are not able to have a therapist, you can create unique music programs for the older adult in your care – especially if you know exactly what kind of music they enjoy and the kind of music that will promote calm, joy, and happy memories.\nOne of the important elements of music therapy for Alzheimer’s is that it can invoke incredible associations in older adults. That really is the magic of music – it has a unique ability to evoke emotions and memories from many years ago.\nThe key is to select music from the senior person’s teens to mid-20’s. Pick their favored musical styles and songs that will elicit an engaged and favorable response.\nIf your loved one is still fairly mobile, you could try taking them out dancing or even attend a concert. Alternatively, hire or buy a karaoke machine and sing along together to all those favorite tunes in the comfort of their home.\nIf you notice that a certain kind of music results in your relative exhibiting signs of distress, do not play that music again – it could well be associated with an upsetting memory.\nMusic as a Wondrous Tool\nMusic really is extremely versatile. It can also be used to foster a certain mood or mindset. For example, faster-paced music might encourage your loved on to dance, sway, tap their toes, and clap their hands.\nHowever, slower-paced music tends to have a sedative effect that will calm and soothe – especially good for patients who get agitated by their surroundings and situation.\nIn the right setting, and along with daily activities, the perfect background tunes can help to guide responses and behaviors.\nSince the effect of music is far-reaching, even unfamiliar music can be played to seniors and it will also play a vital role. New songs can help to develop beneficial responses, like cognitive stimulation and stress management, or even to encourage sleep.\nMusic can also be used during physical therapy and exercise sessions to promote the senior’s concentration and sense of balance.\nWhen older adults who are in the advanced stages of Alzheimer’s and dementia grow overwhelmed and frustrated by their inability to communicate, as well as growing agitated with their environment, music can be a valuable tool.\nSoothing, gentle music helps to calm their aggravation and refocus their unfavorable behavior into a more positive energy or behavior.\nEven during the later stages of the disease, when most human interaction has ceased, the elderly can still connect with music. Listening to music with your loved one creates wonderful opportunities for connection.\nBy incorporating music into your elderly loved one’s life, you can help him or her experience less agitation and anxiety, and connect with those around them.\nWhile we are going to explore the benefits of music therapy in-depth in the next section, it is worth noting that music therapy, overall, can help to improve and maintain some senior’s health. It can help seniors with issues such as:\nSpeech skills –\nstudies have shown that music therapy can help seniors make decisions, answer questions, and, in some instances, even speak more clearly.\nTherapy with music can also help slow down the deterioration of speech and language skills in patients who have dementia. In fact, even when patients with Alzheimer’s lose their ability to form speech, they are still able to recognize their favorite songs and may even sing or hum along.\nMelodic Intonation Therapy is a music therapy technique used to help stroke victims and those with communication disorders caused by brain damage to regain speech.\nCognitive abilities – while music therapy for depression and anxiety is extremely important, the therapy can also help older adults process their thoughts and even maintain their memories.\nMost of us do associate certain songs with certain events, times, and places, and even just hearing a song can evoke a memory – be it positive or negative – even after many years have passed.\nFor Alzheimer’s and dementia patients, music from their youth, particularly their childhood, has proven to be effective in eliciting involvement and a favorable response, even when that older person can no longer communicate effectively. Music therapy can be used to provide cognitive stimulation through techniques such as music games, learning a new instrument or song, and music and movement exercises.\nPhysical skills – who doesn’t enjoy moving along to music? The same can be said for seniors. With music comes dancing and instrument playing, which promotes coordination in older adults and can assist with endurance and even simple walking.\nEven if your senior relative is not mobile, music can still inspire them to clap and tap, getting the blood flowing and inducing those “feel-good” hormones.\nStress reduction – there are many caregivers who battle with effectively managing their aging relative’s agitation and stress levels. The benefits of music therapy extend to helping your loved one relax and also helps to ease aggressive behaviors.\nSlower songs, such as lullabies and ballads, can help to prepare him or her for bedtime or even help deal with changes to their routine that could cause upset and distress.\nSocial skills – seniors can always benefit from increased social interaction whether it is with other seniors or even their caregivers, and music therapy can help.\nTherapy with music encourages bonding with other people which in turn helps to alleviate feelings of depression, anxiety, and loneliness.\nThe Health Benefits of Music Therapy\nIn this section, we are going to take a more in-depth look at the effects of music therapy on an older adult’s health.\nMusic Therapy for Stimulation\nAccording to an article that was published in the Southern Medical Journal, while there are, of course, wide variations in individual musical preferences, music has been shown to have direct physiological effects on the autonomic nervous system.\nIn fact, according to the article, music can elicit immediate emotional and motor responses, especially when we combine it with movement and the stimulation of different sensory pathways.\nWhen we also include instruments, both tactile and auditory stimulation can help promote cognitive and physical stimulation.\nToday, music is widely used as a natural therapy for a variety of different diseases and has even shown great benefits for people who are severely cognitively or physically impaired, such as geriatric seniors who are in the late stages of a chronic illness, and those who suffer from severe obsessive-compulsive disorders and anxiety.\nUnsurprisingly, studies have also found that the effect of music therapy has the most benefits when combined with some other practices, including speech therapy, physical exercise, psychological counseling, occupational therapy, social support, and improved nutrition.\nMusic Therapy for Depression and Anxiety\nMusic therapy comes highly recommended for geriatric care because of the way in which it aids the improvement of intellectual, psychological, social, and cognitive performance in our elderly loved ones.\nFeeling bored, depressed, isolated, and anxious over procedures, along with fatigue, are regularly complained about among older adults.\nBoth passive and active music therapy can help to improve their mood, sense of comfort, and promote relaxation, even going so far as to modify caregiver behavior.\nMusic therapy sessions have reported a positive effect when conducted before an anxiety-provoking activity or procedure, or for elderly adults who are admitted to intensive care units.\nFor the senior’s caregivers, music is an enjoyable and cost-effective way of improving compassion, empathy, and even promoting relationship-centered care.\nMusic Therapy Aids Healing in the Elderly\nOne of the incredible ways that music therapy is being used in certain settings is to improve healing and reduce anxiety in older adults prior to undergoing tests or procedures. Studies have shown that music therapy can successfully lower anxiety in seniors who undergo cardiac procedures and it also helps those who have undergone surgery or invasive diagnostic procedures to relax.\nIt has been suggested that music can also positively modify the release of stress hormones, and this can be beneficial for respiratory, neurological, cardiac, and even the immune functions that are involved in healing.\nMusic Therapy Helps Manage Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s\nBoth clinical studies, as well as anecdotal evidence, has shown that music therapy can improve the quality of life in older adults suffering from diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s.\nA report in the World Journal of Psychiatry stated that 20 – 50 percent of patients with multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, Parkinson’s disease, and stroke suffer from depression, too.\nWhat studies have found is that music therapy provides an uplifting form of therapy for such patients and in turn helps them to cope with degeneration of their symptoms. What’s more, the music stimulates their senses.\nIn another study conducted by the American Psychosomatic Society, it was found that music therapy has several positive effects when it comes to improving symptoms in patients with Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s.\nIt helps to address things such as depression, disability, and sensory loss. According to research, music behaves as a stimulus to promote emotional and motor responses by combining both stimulation and movement of various sensory pathways.\nOne study involved 32 patients who had Parkinson’s being split into two groups: a control group and a music therapy group. The study was conducted over three months and comprised weekly sessions of music therapy along with physical therapy.\nThe physical therapy was used to encourage stretching, work on motor skills, and various strategies to improve balance. The music therapy sessions consisted of group signings, free and rhythmic body movements, voice exercises, and also active music activities.\n
nce the three months came to an end, it was found that the group who enjoyed music therapy showed significant improvement compared to the control group. The effect of music therapy was seen in the participant’s motor skills, emotional functions, and even activities in their daily lives.\nMusic Therapy Can Reduce Symptoms of Certain Psychological Disorders\nIn a recent South Korean study, a group music therapy program was created for the duration of 12-weeks. It was found that the program was an effective intervention for improving certain psychiatric symptoms in older adults with mental illnesses.\nMusic Therapy Can Improve Communication and Self-Expression\nMusic therapy has, for a long time, been used to help those patients who have mental and physical limitations and who struggle with self-expression – similar to individuals who have dementia or Alzheimer’s. For these patients, music therapy has been used to help them process and express emotions, verbally, and non-verbally.\nThis can be achieved through activities such as humming or singing, music, and movement, instrument playing, verbal expression in response to the music, creating a “life soundtrack”, or simple songwriting.\nHow to Implement Music Therapeutically\nMusic therapy can be effective for people with Alzheimer’s at any stage of the disease. When possible, taking part in individual or group music therapy sessions led by a board-certified music therapist is ideal.\nIf this is not possible, music can still be used therapeutically with the help of friends, family, and caregivers. Following, are suggestions on how music can be used at each stage of Alzheimer’s disease.\nThe Early Stages\nDuring the earlier stages of Alzheimer’s, your aging loved one may still be mobile and vocal. If you can, take them out dancing or encourage them to move around the house.\nBe sure to listen to music that he or she enjoyed during their younger years, whether it is salsa, swing, Sinatra or even pop. It’s important to take note of how the music makes your loved one react – if they say a song sounds awful, turn it off and avoid distressing them.\nYou can also try to experiment with different kinds of venues and concerts, depending on your relative’s temperament and anxiety levels. Encourage them to play an instrument too, if they are able to do so, and compile a musical history of their favorite songs.\nThe Early to Middle Stages\nDuring this stage, you can make use of song sheets or even a karaoke machine to allow your older relative to singing along to their favorite tunes.\nThe Middle Stage\nDuring the middle stages of Alzheimer’s, play music and sing along as your loved one is walking and working on improving their gait and balance. Background music can encourage them to move around and it can help improve their mood. During this time, stimulating music is the best option – songs that are familiar, rhythmic, and motivating for your loved one. Using calming music can help redirect and reduce behavior problems and anxiety.\nThe Late Stages\nDuring the latter stages of Alzheimer’s and dementia, use the music collection of old favorites that you created during the earlier stages. Keep singing along to tunes they know well from their youth and alternate those with soothing melodies to provide comfort.\nYou can also play exercise music during the late stages and even do a little drumming. Now is a great time to use facial expressions to communicate your feeling and encourage your loved one to communicate non-verbally, too.\nThe Effects of “Music & Memory” Program on Seniors with Alzheimer’s and Dementia\nMusic for Henry\nHave you seen the YouTube video, Alive Inside? [II] In the video, a social worker gives an iPod to an elderly resident in a nursing home and plays music through the headphones.\nViewers then witness the true power of music. Henry, the elderly resident, comes alive as music from his younger years fills his ears. As he awakens, he begins to lift his head, open his eyes, and we see how his face lights up and he begins to talk about the music. Henry goes on to reminisce and tell viewers what music truly means to him.\nThe video is actually a short clip from Michael Rossato-Bennett’s documentary that follows a social worker, Dan Cohen, who is also executive director of Music & Memory. Cohen’s mission is to improve elderly people’s quality of life through personalized music.\nThe iPod Project consists of iPods loaded with senior patient’s favorite tunes. The aim of the project is to support personalized music programs for older adults and raise public awareness about the many benefits of using music therapeutically.\nThe program has proved effective in helping individuals connect and engage socially, deepen relationships, reminisce, improve mood, decrease agitation, and with redirecting difficult behavior.\nWhat Cohen has found, and you can see it during the video clip, is that people with memory loss seem to wake up their memory when they listen to music that they have an emotional attachment to.\nWhat happens is that music imprints itself on our brain deeper than another other experience, evoking emotion and therefore memories.\nAccording to the executive director of the Institute for Music and Neurologic Function [III], Connie Tomaino, music acts as a vital bridge to connection patients who have Alzheimer’s and dementia to themselves, their personal history, and their loved ones.\nMaking use of music for such patients has actually been happening since the 1940s. But, what is new, is how readily accessible music now is for our aging loved ones, thanks to iPods, MP3 players, and other technology.\nThe sheer power of music and its inherent abilities to enliven, animate, and significantly stimulate are the basis of music therapy for Alzheimer’s.\nWhat’s more, if you decide to use a professional music therapist combined with readily accessible music for your relative, this will make for a powerful mixture. Thanks to such progress, senior citizens who are confused and withdrawn as a result of dementia or Alzheimer’s disease, can now participate actively in music therapy sessions.\nAnother amazing benefit of music therapy is that music demands a type of reality-oriented behavior in the now, but there is no risk of failure. That means that even highly cognitively impaired seniors can master musical abilities while enhancing their self-respect.\nTomaino has commented that Henry’s sensational response to music in the documentary demonstrates just how dramatic the right choice of music can be. But, watch carefully and you will notice that it is not until someone off-camera speaks to Henry that we hear just how much music means to him.\nWe have already discussed how positive music can be in an older adult’s life. If we can awaken our aging relatives just by allowing them to listen to their all-time favorite music, just imagine how well they will respond in professional group sessions on a regular basis.\nMusic therapy can truly take their responses in the moment to a whole new level of improved awareness, attention, connection to other people, improved memory, and better social interaction.\nA Music Session with Jane\nTake Jane as an example. Jane is a quiet lady who is nonverbal but happy enough to observe during group programs. Jane has advanced Alzheimer’s disease and she is no longer able to recognize the time, places, or loved ones. Sometimes Jane is withdrawn and tearful.\nJane’s family know that she loves the old Irish-American songs, like the well-known When Irish Eyes Are Smiling. Jane grew up in England before moving to the United States in her early teens.\nA music therapist worked with Jane in a group setting and found she mostly responded to two songs, An Irish Lullaby and It’s a Long Way to Tipperary.\nNoticing the positive responses told the music therapist that Jane had a special connection to the songs compared to others in the same category.\nWorking one-on-one with Jane, the therapist played the two songs, both live on a piano and on recordings, to engage Jane’s responses even further. Remember, Jane had been nonverbal up to this point. With each private session, Jane began to open her mouth like she was trying to sing along. Sometimes she would speak a few random words.\nThe music therapist would then pause the song when Jane spoke to see if Jane was trying to communicate something particular about the song. The more the therapist analyzed Jane’s verbalizations, the more she realized that Jane was talking about an apartment, her family, and even a house number.\nSome of the images seemed to be towns in Ireland, as opposed to England. When the therapist talked to Jane’s family about this, they mentioned that Jane had spent her early days in Ireland. The family had actually forgotten this information as they thought it was just too long ago to count.\nWhat Jane was verbally expressing was fleeting images, so the therapist continued to play and pause the music to allow Jane to respond to the music. Jane’s family also continued to play the songs at home and encourage Jane to reminisce. Without this ongoing engagement, the verbalizations and interaction with Jane would never have happened.\nResponding in the Moment\nResponding in the moment, as Henry and Jane do, is merely scratching the surface. It’s just a quick reaction to the familiar. But, by engaging elderly patients in their responses to music therapy, there are massive therapeutic benefits to be had.\nConclusion\nWhen it comes to music therapy for Alzheimer’s, the more music the better! Making sure that our aging loved ones have access to their favorite music is a wonderful way to help them interact, keep moving, and stimulates them in a range of different ways. Soothing music can help to calm anxious and even depressed loved ones and help to lull them to sleep.\nThe benefits of music therapy are immense, and by increasing access to this kind of therapy can aid in the recovery of an illness or lessen the impact of a disabling condition – a goal we should all strive towards for our deteriorating relatives.\nIf you can use music therapy services, the way Jane and Henry’s family did, it will likely have a positive impact on many levels. Even if this is not possible, you can still use music therapeutically with your loved one. Engage your loved one while they can still communicate to find out what their favorite songs are and start compiling playlists for different stages of their dementia or Alzheimer’s.\nYou may just be surprised at how responsive they become during the later, difficult stages of the disease.\nSources:\n[I] https://www.musictherapy.org/\n[II] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NKDXuCE7LeQ\n[III] http://musictherapy.imnf.org/tpl/results/b2edb0971a6a0ed60b3fe1fcd8f75709/\nalzheimer and dementia Caregivers hha home care music and alzheimer's music and memory music therapy music therapy for the elderly\nSenior Caregivers: Effects of Caregiver Stress and How to Reduce Them\nElderly Care Services: How to Hire the Best\nRelated Posts\nCare Management For Seniors For Home Healthcare\nHomecare Hot Topics Senior Health Senior Tips Webinars\n20 Mar 2019\nHow Hospital at Home is Transforming Healthcare for the Elderly\nHomecare Hot Topics Senior Health Senior Tips Webinars\n19 Feb 2019\nTips for Effective Health Care Advocacy – Finding Your Voice\nSenior Health\n23 Aug 2018\nSearch for:\nRecent Posts\nCare Management For Seniors For Home Healthcare March 20, 2019\nHow Hospital at Home is Transforming Healthcare for the Elderly February 19, 2019\nTips for Effective Health Care Advocacy – Finding Your Voice August 23, 2018\nCaregiver of the Month July 2018 August 14, 2018\nCaregiver of the Month May 2018 – Caring People May 31, 2018\nCategories\nAlzheimer's & Dementia (5)\nCaregivers (23)\nCaregivers Of The Month (8)\nElder Law (6)\nEvents (8)\nHomecare (18)\nHot Topics (2)\nNews (13)\nSenior Health (44)\nSenior Tips (6)\nWebinars (2)\nSubscribe\nLeave this field empty if you're human:\nLooking for care?\nFill out the form below and one of our Care Professionals will contact you shortly.\nSelect StateNew YorkNew JerseyConnecticutFlorida\nSelect UrgencyI need care now.I need care this week.I need care next week.I need care in a few weeks.I need care in a few months.\nSign me up for the newsletter!\nGo to Top\nCaring People Inc.\nServicing NY, NJ, CT & FL.\[email protected]\n877.227.4649\nHome Care 101\nRecent Posts\nCare Management For Seniors For Home Healthcare\nHow Hospital at Home is Transforming Healthcare for the Elderly\nTips for Effective Health Care Advocacy – Finding Your Voice\nJoin our mailing list!\nLeave this field empty if you're human:\nSitemap | Privacy | Terms\nCaring People © 2018\nSearch for:\nAbout Caring People\nCare Process\nCare Team\nOur Technology\nTestimonials\nFAQ\nBlog\nHome Care Services\nAlzheimer’s & Dementia Care\nCare Management Services\nCare Programs\nDementia Care\nTransitional Care\nMusic Therapy\nOvernight Care\nPet Therapy\nCompanion Care\nHands-On Care\nMedicare Services\nSkilled Nursing Care\nContact us\nCareers\nFree Consultation\nLocations\nAll Locations\nNY – Babylon\nNY – Westchester/Bronx\nNY – Hempstead\nNY – Queens\nNJ – Clifton\nNJ – Toms River\nCT – Norwalk\nCT – New Haven\nCT – Darien\nFL – West Palm Beach\nFL – Miami\nFL – Pompano Beach\nFL – Jupiter | 2019-04-23T10:57:30Z | "https://caringpeopleinc.com/blog/music-therapy-can-help-people-alzheimers/" | caringpeopleinc.com | 1 | 8 | 1 |
Ovarian Cyst Miracle™ - OFFICIAL WEBSITE - Heal Ovarian Cysts and PCOS Naturally\nCLICK HERE TO ORDER\nONLY $69.99 (Limited Time Offer -- Now Only $37!)\nMore Than 157,000 Women Worldwide Have Been Successful in Treating Their Ovarian Cysts In 30-60 Days, and Tackle The Root Cause Of PCOS Using the Ovarian Cyst Miracle™ System!\nMedical Researcher, Alternative Health and Nutrition\nSpecialist, Health Consultant and Former Ovarian Cysts\nSufferer Teaches You How To:\nEliminate Your Ovarian Cysts Naturally Within 2 Months\nand Prevent Their Recurrence\nTackle Ovarian Cysts Pain, Bloating and Discomfort\nin Less Than 12 Hours\nBoost Your Fertility and Gain Clockwork Periods\nTackle All PCOS Symptoms\nRegain Your Natural Inner Balance\nImprove the Quality of Your Life Dramatically!\nDiscover How She Overcame Her Own Ovarian Cysts and\nTaught Thousands Of Women Worldwide To Treat\nTheir Ovarian Cysts and PCOS Issues Quickly, Safely and\nNaturally\nEven If You Have Very Large Ovarian Cysts\nEven If You Have Endometriosis\nEven If You Are Menopausal\nEven If You Have Multiple Cysts\nWithout Resorting To Drugs or Surgical Procedures\nFaster Than You Ever Thought Possible!\nby Carol Foster- Nutrition Specialist, Health Consultant, Medical Researcher and Author\nDear Friend,\nAre you struggling to treat your ovarian cysts? Are you in pain, or feeling anxious for not being able to properly tackle your ovarian cysts despite all your efforts ? Are you experiencing irregular periods, pain in your lower abdomen or bloating? Are you afraid of developing cancer or from not being able to have children? If you answered yes, then let me tell you that I know exactly how you feel, because I personally had gone through the same experience years ago. I have battled with chronic ovarian cysts for more than a decade until I have finally found a treatment, tackled the recurring ovarian cysts I was suffering from and got pregnant twice and now I am a proud mother of two healthy children.\nYou're about to discover what might be the most powerful ovarian cysts treatment system ever developed. It's the same system thousands of women, just like you, used to treat their ovarian cysts and PCOS, get pregnant quickly and give birth to healthy children.\nMy name is Carol Foster and over the past 14 years, through a long process of trial, error and experimentation, I have developed a sure-fire, 100% guaranteed, clinically researched 3-step system that is backed by 60,000+ hours of nutritional expertise and holistic medicine research for treating all types of ovarian cysts and PCOS quickly and naturally. This is a very rare, highly unique and potently powerful ovarian cysts healing system, which very few women even know exists...\nIf you would like to learn how to treat ovarian cysts quickly and safely... without drugs, without risky surgery, without any typical ovarian cysts treatments, and without any side effects, then this will be the most important letter you will ever read. I guarantee it and I've got the results to prove it!\nSuccess Story #1: Joanne Spacey\n\"My ovarian cyst has vanished...completely!\"\n\"Dear Carol, I don't know what I would have done without your help. I'm 32 years old and about 7 months ago my doctor confirmed that I had a 2.9\" ovarian cyst after weeks of unbearable yet unexplainable pain. I took prescription medications and contraceptives for several weeks only to find out that my cyst grew to 3.4\". My doctor then suggested that I had my cyst removed surgically and have even told me that the removal of the entire right ovary might be required. It was a nightmare. The thought of having my ovary removed and never be able to have children was unthinkable.\nWhen I got home, I surfed the net searching for answers out of desperation, as I accidentally found you site (was it faith?). While I was skeptic at first, I took the chance and ordered your wonderful book. I immediately started step 1 and threw away those awful medications and contraceptives. In less than 5 days, the pain on my right side was GONE and I felt exceptionally good. 7 weeks later and after completing step 3 of your program, my doctor performed another ultrasound and to my utter surprise my ovarian cyst has vanished...completely!\nToday, whenever I hear women talk about ovarian cysts I want to run up and tell them about your system. You have been a true friend all the way and I have no words to express my gratitude. God bless you!\" April 2016\n-- Joanne Spacey, Age 32, 3.4\" Cyst (California, USA)\nThe above are 'before and after' pictures of Joanne Spacey , one of my customers from the U.S.A. These pictures show how quickly and dramatically your ovarian cysts can dissolve by following the holistic step-by-step system within Ovarian Cyst Miracle™.\nSuccess Story #2: Donna Hobbs\n\"Now, 10 weeks later, the ultrasound says it all. I am\nfinally free from my ovarian cysts. What a relief!\"\n\"Dear Carol, I wanted to thank you and share a bit of my story. I'm 38 years old and I wish I had your information back in 2016 when I lost an ovary because of a fairly\nlarge 4.2\" ovarian cyst.\nEven though the surgery went well, I still developed 2 medium sized ovarian cysts about 11 months later (I have attached the ultrasound to this message) along with severe sudden pain attacks on my lower back and right side. I was on the road to surgery again but this time I decided to go on a battle. There was simply no way I would lose my other ovary. Out of sheer luck, a friend recommended your website and after short reading I knew that this was exactly what I was praying for.\nAfter several days of following your program, I have ditched all the pain killers. I didn't need them anymore. By the 7th week I felt better than I felt in years. Now, 10 weeks later, the ultrasound says it all. I am finally free from my ovarian cysts. What a relief! God bless!\"\nOctober 2017\n-- Donna Hobbs, Age 38, 2.5\" Cyst (United Kingdom)\nThe above are 'before and after' pictures of Donna Hobbs , one of my customers from the U.K. These pictures show how quickly and dramatically your ovarian cysts can dissolve by following the holistic step-by-step system within Ovarian Cyst Miracle™.\nSuccess Story #3: Renne Burgio\n\"My doctor says that my cyst is gone. I cannot describe\nhow wonderful I feel gazing at the ultrasound results\"\n\"Dear Carol, I was diagnosed with 1.8\" ovarian cysts and was taking birth control pills per my doctor's suggestions. Weeks and months went by but my ovarian cyst was still there (although it was still the same size). Then I found your amazing book.\nDuring the first week of following your program, I started feeling a lot better and the pain started fading away. It was magical. Nine weeks later, my doctor says that my cyst is gone! I cannot describe how wonderful I feel gazing at the ultrasound results.\nI just wish every woman knew about this method. There are so many hopeless women out there that are not even aware there is a natural solution to this problem.\nI will warmly recommend this amazing program to all my friends.\"\n-- Renne Burgio, Age 27, 1.8\" Cyst (France)\nThe above are 'before and after' pictures of Renne Burgio , one of my customers from the U.S.A. These pictures show how quickly and dramatically your ovarian cysts can dissolve by following the holistic step-by-step system within Ovarian Cyst Miracle™.\nSuccess Story #4: Matilda Bates\n\" I have taken 2 ultrasound tests in the last six months and both clearly showed that I am ovarian cyst free!\"\n\"Dear Carol, Your program has worked wonders on my ovarian cyst condition. I was so intimidated because of the surgery that I had to find a solution for my huge (3.24 inches) cyst of my left ovary (I also had multiple smaller cysts on my right ovary) so I ordered your book and immediately started implementing all of your suggestions with persistence. I was never a firm believer in the alternative approach to healing but it works!. I have taken 2 ultrasound tests in the last six months and both clearly showed that I am ovarian cyst free! I cannot simply thank you enough for your help. I feel so relaxed and vibrant. Other health issues I suffered from had also diminished.\nKind regards,\"\n-- Matilda Bates (Age 58) Nebraska (U.S.A)\nSuccess Story #5: Elizabeth Marr\n\"I'm happy to say that my ovarian cyst is a thing of the\npast and the constant pain and worrying are over.\"\n\"Dear Carol, I am so thankful and thrilled to know that someone had found a solution to such a disturbing problem in this country! There are too many women that are suffering from this condition! About a year ago I was diagnosed with a 2.6\" cyst and have found your site but I wasn't sure if your system would help me. I was paralyzed with fear.\nFor months I struggled with the pain using all kinds of prescription pain relievers that made me feel worse. One particular day when the pain reached a new limit, I decided to order your program and the results were nothing short of incredible. You have provided me the support I needed to refuse surgery at that time and try the holistic all natural approach.\nNow, I'm happy to say that my ovarian cyst is a thing of the past and the constant pain and worrying are over...I also feel so alive and energized. It's remarkable. That's a new beginning for me. My doctor was intrigued when I told her about your program, she lifted her eyebrow more than one time but the results of the ultrasound speak for themselves.\nCarol, I want to thank you for sharing this wonderful program I really hope every woman finds this invaluable information. I feel so rejuvenated and lucky to have found your system. I am also amazed and thankful that your product worked so fast and well. \"\nGod bless you!\"\n-- Elizabeth Marr, Age 44, 2.6\" Cyst (London, UK)\nSuccess Story #6: Krista Persin\n\"I feel so alive and in control for the first time in my\nlife!!!\"\n\"Hi Carol, I'm 39 and had most of the symptoms you list that are the manifestation of PCOS. I was also diagnosed with a large 4.5\" ovarian cyst.\nMy doctor had insisted that I go through surgery but after hearing all the horror stories about the risks of surgical procedures, I decided to try your program.\nI have been on your system for six weeks and not only did the pain had completely vanished, I lost some decent weight, many of the familiar PCOS symptoms started to fade away and the ultrasound I took yesterday shows that my cyst had shrunk so dramatically, it's simply remarkable.\"\n-- Krista Persin, Age 39, 4.5\" Cyst (Melbourne, Australia)\nSuccess Story #7: Joyce Coe\n\"2 years without any Ovarian Cyst!\"\n\"Dear Carol, It's been 2 years without any Ovarian Cyst or pain. Just wanted to drop you a thank you note for sharing your knowledge and helping women in my situation.\nAs you recall, 2 years ago I started your program after I have been diagnosed with a corpus luteum cyst and your program had done wonders for me. My ovarian cyst disappeared in less than 10 weeks, I lost 10 pounds, and the PCOS symptoms I often use to suffer from are also a thing of the past. I know I will never have to go through that again.\nThank you!\"\n-- Joyce Coe, Age 32, 2.4\" Cyst (Naas, Ireland)\nSuccess Story #8: Dedra Robins\n\"I recommend that every woman reads every single\nword of this book, regardless of her current Ovarian\nCysts condition..\"\n\"Carol, I just want to show my appreciation for your wonderful support and for this great system. I also want to personally thank you for being so helpful, kind and supportive. The world could use more honest people like you. For the last two months I have been strictly following your 3 step holistic system. After about three weeks I started to witness dramatic results. The stabbing pain has reduced to a fraction of what it once was. I am feeling so much better and so much proud that I am on my way to recover from my PCOS condition from the inside rather than using the instant temporary relief approach. I recommend that everyone should read every single word of this book, regardless of her current Ovarian Cysts condition. This information should be taken very seriously. Taking control over your body and your own health, is a must if you really care about your future health and quality of your life. \"\nThank you! Thank you! Thank you!\"\n-- Dedra Robins, Age 30, 2.1\" Cyst (Ohio, USA)\nSuccess Story #9: Susan Lemos\n\"The last ultrasound I took had clearly showed my cyst\nwas gone. Completely gone!\"\n\"Hello Carol, I'm 28 and have battled with severe Ovarian Cysts for the last 8 months. 2 months and a half ago, I stumbled upon your Ovarian Cyst Miracle program. I had my doubts and didn't think it was the right program for my Ovarian Cysts or if it was going to work at all, but I did order it because I was willing to do anything to rid myself of this debilitating and frightening condition.\nOver a 3 week period, I have seen an improvement that I had never experienced with any other conventional or so called natural treatment. The non-stop pain and feeling of fullness in the stomach have gone. My skin looks significantly better and the last ultrasound I took had clearly showed my cyst was gone. Completely gone! I am feeling so healthy, too.\nThank you and God bless!\"\n-- Susan Lemos, Age 28, 4.1\" Cyst (Dublin, Ireland)\nSuccess Story #10: Rebecca Fitzpatrcik\n\" It's only been the first 2 weeks on the program but I\nam already seeing definite improvement on my ovarian\ncyst pain and PCOS symptoms. \"\n\"Great book! I completely agree with many of your arguments in the book especially those about conventional methods for treating Ovarian Cysts .\nI wanted to let you know that I feel so fine you have no idea. I feel very energetic. It's only been the first 2 weeks on the program but I am already seeing definite improvement on my Ovarian Cysts pain and PCOS symptoms. I wish you all the health and happiness in the world and thanks so much for helping me. I really appreciate your time and efforts.\"\n-- Rebecca Fitzpatrick, Age 42, 1.6\" Cyst (Montana, USA)\nSuccess Story #11: Michelle Bowman\n\"I'm already free from the debilitating pain and my cyst\nno longer shows on the ultrasound!\"\n\"I'm a 47 year old female and was diagnosed with a 3.3\" Ovarian Cyst several months ago. I have suffered so long with the pain associated with my ovarian cyst and I looked everywhere for answers and tried every prescription my doctor had suggested, but to no avail. My cyst was still there and growing...\nThankfully, I found your site. Who would have believed all my pain and suffering could be eliminated by taking three simple steps. I found your program 4 months ago and started it immediately. I have followed all your recommendations to the tee as well as your warnings and restrictions and I'm already free from the debilitating pain and my cyst no longer shows on the ultrasound. I have done it...the natural way. Ovarian Cysts are a miserable condition that is frequently not diagnosed properly or on time. I was glad that I found this informative and helpful book. It has become an excellent reference. I wish someone had given me this information years ago.\nthanks ...for everything! \"\n-- Michelle Bowman, Age 47, 3.3\" Cyst (W. Virginia, USA)\nWhat Makes This Breakthrough System So\nUnique is That it Gives You The Power To...\nTreat Ovarian Cysts permanently. It's a fact - 95% of the women who use conventional treatments get rid of their ovarian cysts temporarily and sometimes they end up worse than when they started. Now you can learn how to be in the successful 5% group that keeps it off forever. Note that conventional treatments such as birth control pills, surgery or even homeopathic ovarian cysts remedies mostly address the symptoms of ovarian cysts and work short-term. Most women who had undergone surgeries have developed ovarian cysts sometimes within several weeks. Don't believe those web sites that offer a fast remedy to ovarian cysts or PCOS. No magic pill or fix-it-all product exists. The solution I now offer is an intelligent, scientific approach that gets PCOS under control and eliminates ovarian cysts within few short weeks (depending on the severity). My program also teaches you how to prevent PCOS and ovarian cysts recurrence. The Ovarian Cyst Miracle™ is a 100% natural, safe, and powerful treatment that permanently eliminates the ROOT cause of your ovarian cysts.\nTreat Ovarian Cysts holistically. It's a fact- curing ovarian cysts can never be achieved by tackling one of the many factors responsible for ovarian cysts . If you've ever tried to treat your ovarian cysts using a one-dimensional treatment like birth control pills, progesterone creams or even detox diets and failed it's probably because you have tackled only one aspect of the disease. Not only will this system teach you the only way to prevent the formation of ovarian cysts , you will also learn the only way to treat ovarian cysts for good - the holistic way.\nTreat Ovarian Cysts without drugs or typical Ovarian Cysts treatments. Drugs, creams and risky surgeries to treat ovarian cysts sometimes work in a partial way and temporarily but the side effects are nasty. The tiny handful ovarian cyst sufferers who have learned how to treat their ovarian cysts from within and without ever using drugs or over the counters are the only women in the world who keep their system free of ovarian cysts and PCOS permanently. Now you can learn these ovarian cysts treat secrets from a nutritionist and a former sufferer who knows from real-world experience exactly how it's done. Ovarian Cyst Miracle™ promotes a healthy hormonal and reproduction environment while eliminating your ovarian cysts and preventing their recurrence naturally and safely within 8 weeks.\nWhat The Ovarian Cyst Miracle is NOT!\nThe Ovarian Cyst Miracle program is NOT another drug, birth control or supplement. It is not the usual diet and herbal supplementation programs or another cream or over the counter medication that most women pass around. It is not a medical procedure either. This unique holistic approach and order of protocols to treat all types of ovarian cysts and control their recurrence is for the most part unlike anything you’ll find elsewhere. Everything covered in the program is safe & natural... More importantly, it actually works. My program is NOT something that tries to fix the problem by ingesting hormones or swallowing pills... With my approach, you will be able to experience complete freedom from ovarian cysts while preventing their recurrence as well as all PCOS symptoms ususally in less than 8 weeks.\nMy Long Frustrating Battle With Ovarian\nCysts and PCOS\nI was 31 years old, experiencing life at its fullest. My days were hectic, handling responsibilities at work, only to come home and have more duties; running them from activity to activity; finding quality time for my spouse and all of the other stuff modern families have to deal with. The stress was mounting, but still I was in control. Unfortunately, that was about to change. One evening after work I headed to a local restaurant with some friends. After spending three hours in the restaurant, sitting next to a female friend, I felt a stabbing pain in my lower abdomen. I thought it might be something I ate and felt relieved as the pain diminished as I went to bed that night. The next morning I was surprised to notice that the pain became more intense. Not thinking much of it, I headed off for another busy day at the office. Little did I know that my life was about to take an unexpected turn. Within a few days, that on and off pain in my abdomen became a noticeable sharp and worrying pain followed by irregular periods. Sometimes, the pain was so excruciating that it hurt I could not sleep. Before long, the pain, accompanied by bloating sensation that had begun as a nuisance was beginning to grind on my nerves. My stomach felt like it was going to explode. Unless I took a stack of pain killers, no matter what I tried I could not get away from that pain-- day or night it was there, and it was beginning to take its toll. Then came a new set of symptoms: severe bloating, painful sex, missed periods and pain in my lower abs that would not let go.\nLike So Many Other Ovarian Cysts Sufferers\nDiscover, The Answers I Desperately\nWanted Weren’t Going to Be\nAvailable To Me\nA few trips to the doctor and a few tests, but I got no diagnosis. I was sick and getting sicker. An additional trip to my general practitioner did no good. He thought maybe it was just a menstrual pain induced by stress. I tried relaxing more and that helped (a little), still I couldn’t get rid of that severe pain in my abs and lower back. Several weeks and several visits later, the doctor began to suspect that something was indeed wrong and initiated a series of tests to rule out anything serious. After undergoing what seemed like an endless round of tests and an ultrasound I finally had a diagnosis: a small ovarian cyst. Thankful to finally know what was causing my symptoms – and my increasing pain – I was frightened but felt sure that relief would soon be on its way. It wasn’t.\nAfter a couple of weeks, I went to see a doctor and described the unbearable situation I was in, he had recommended birth control, pain killers and watchful waiting. Needless to say, it didn't help at all. I traveled from doctor’s office to doctor’s office looking for some relief – any relief! The pain was growing worse – and so did my anxiety at night– and I needed help! My life was no longer my own. I couldn’t work (the sleepless nights, the pain and the fear of not being able to conceive or develop cancer was making it impossible to deal with my myriad of responsibilities at the office). I was short tempered with my family, my health was suffering (I couldn’t eat or sleep normally); along with the embarrassing unexpected periods, made me more and more depressed. I was reaching my breaking point and I knew it. Something had to be done and it had to be done quickly or I was going to lose my mind. It was time to take action!\nSurgery Seemed To Be The Only Option\nLeft For Me\nOne month went by, I had tried the watchful waiting but by the secnd ultrasound I took, my ovarian cysts had grown larger. I was terrified. My doctor had suggested that I would undergo surgery to remove the cyst to prevent further complications in the future. One of these complications would be my inability to have children. It's either a procedure or infertility. What a great choice! Deep down, I felt there must have been another option, a healthier alternative.\nLuckily, I didn't have to take my doctor's advice. After 5 weeks of following a strict diet for hormonal balancing along with taking some herbal supplements given to me by a nutritionist, that specific large cyst was gone. I was so delighted, but unfortunately, my happiness was short-lived when I had developed another ovarian cyst 3 months after that. I was devastated. In an instant all of my hopes had vanished and the vicious cycle of fear, pain and anxiety has started again!\nAfter I was diagnosed again with an enlarged but benign ovarian cyst and realized many of my other conditions were all coming from the same source- PCOS , I accidentally stumbled upon an inspiring book that spoke of natural remedies that can balance hormones, enhance fertility and heal ovarian cysts safely. It was then that I had started the long, frustrating road of trial and error until I have finally pieced a complete and comprehensive holistic system used by thousands of women to permanently treat the cause of ovarian cysts, including the author herself.\n14 Years of Study, Research, Trial,\nError and Experimentation\nBecause of that crushingly painful ovarian cyst experience I made a solemn vow that... No matter what it cost or how long will it take, I was going to find a LASTING solution for my chronic recurring ovarian cysts! I started a desperate quest that spanned 14 years of heartbreaking frustration and disappointment... During my ovarian cyst quest I was treated by dozens and dozens of M.Ds, specialists, herbalists, naturopaths, hydro-therapists, and even spiritual \"healers\". In addition to that, I researched literally hundreds of \"health\" and fertility related books, health journals, and health magazines...and spent hours upon hours scouring one medical study after another. And I have also spent numerous hours picking the brains of various \"healers\" or \"specialists\" in person or on the phone. When none of that worked, I tried every imaginable ovarian cyst treatment I could get my hands on...including numerous hormonal creams, over the counters, herbs and whatnot.\nWhat Have I Tried That Did Not Work\nWhen that didn't work I tried every diet said to help with ovarian cysts, I took aspirin, tried heating pads, birth control pills to regulate my periods, I tried the Wai diet, vegetarianism, veganism, blood type or low carb diet, macrobiotics and even mega dose vitamin therapy and every herbal remedy I could find. I have also tried intense detoxification therapies, Traditional Chinese Medicine and homeopathy. When all that failed, I tried hypnosis, visualizations, yoga and affirmations. Yet despite years of intense effort...giving my ovarian cyst quest ALL my heart and soul...\nI Still Suffered From Recurring\nOvarian Cysts!\nAfter none of the above treatments could practically solve my chronic recurring ovarian cysts and the myriad of symptoms that accompanied this condition or had any impact on my PCOS condition (some treatments made my condition much worse and my general health was deteriorating).\nI came to the final conclusion that there were no magic pills or fix-it-all products to ovarian cysts. When the real cause of ovarian cysts is neglected, your ovarian cysts will often grow larger and require surgery or develop again very quickly.\nNow, After 14 Years of Desperate Research\nand Experiments I Have Found The Missing\nPiece I Was Searching For\nOne evening, I discovered a very important piece of information while talking with an eastern alternative medicine expert and a holistic doctor. The piece of information stood out as the missing piece I was desperately searching for. I took that piece of information and, together with the other 14 years worth of information that I had collected, compiled a plan to treat ovarian cysts and PCOS and enhance fertility. I followed that plan for 5 weeks and. . .\nMy Ovarian Cysts Were Gone and Had\nNever Returned and I Was Also Finally Free\nFrom All PCOS Symptoms\nAfter learning this new holistic 'trick', all the pain and anxiety were gone. My ultrasound showed no cyst and I conceived my first daughter! And life couldn't get any better. I was so relieved . . . A simple holistic strategy had opened the door to my new and much more colorful ovarian cyst free life. My plan had worked. I was finally free from all PCOS symptoms and had my first baby! My second pregnancy took less than a month to achieve. As such, fourteen years after beginning my mission, I had become the proud parent of two beautiful, healthy children. I was also excited to see that my PCOS symptoms had diminished, and my menstrual cycle became regular again . The path to permanent ovarian cysts freedom has been paved!\nSarah Eliminated Her Large Cyst in Less\nThan 7 Weeks After She Followed My\nProven 3-Step System\nHere’s an interesting story about a friend who had a very large ovarian cyst and was at one point in dire need of reassurance and help. I changed her name for privacy. Sarah had suffered from a benign yet large 13.5 cm ovarian cyst in her right ovary. She was also the victim of daily excruciating pain and anxiety. She was also advised to take a surgery but as a last resort and with the guidance of an holistic doctor, she had followed my 3-step plan with some restrictions and limitations. I showed her how to reverse her condition by following the same approach you're about to learn. Sara committed herself to following the program. In less than 7 weeks (from the 5th of July until Aug 20, 2017), Sarah's cyst was gone (see proof below). For Sarah it was a life changing experience. I developed this program so I could share my proven system with women around the world. Everything I taught Sara and discovered from my research is immediately available to you through this bestselling Ovarian Cyst Miracle program.\n13.5 cm Ovarian Cyst: Sarah Wendon\nThe above are 'before and after' pictures of Sarah Wendon , one of my customers from the Australia. These pictures show how quickly and dramatically your ovarian cysts can dissolve by following the holistic step-by-step system within Ovarian Cyst Miracle™.\nHow Did I Get 17 Women With Years of\nRecurring Ovarian Cysts Completely Free?\nSimple: I used the exact same technique I am going to share with you. These techniques had helped 17 women with chronic ovarian cysts to gain complete freedom from ovarian cysts and all PCOS symptoms permanently. I get countless letters, phone calls from women telling me how much of a difference this program has made to their lives. In fact Ovarian Cyst Miracle has the largest collection of verifiable photo testimonials for any ovarian cyst treatment system online. That is only one of the key differences which set this course apart from everything else you will find online. A track record of consistently delivering results!\nThe results of my experiment were shocking:\nNo More Ovarian Cysts (Regardless of Type or Size)\nNo More PCOS Symptoms\nNo More Pain or Bloating\nNo More Irregular Periods\nNo More Mood Swings\nHealthy and Gradual Weight Loss\nImproved General Health and Quality of Life\nSo now I took the time, tweaked and refined the system to completion to ensure it will yield the most remarkable long lasting results. Since then thousands of women worldwide have used my 3-step system successfully and got rid of their ovarian cysts quickly, safely, naturally and for good.\nSuccess Story #12: Tracy Pendergraft\n\"my periods are normal again and my doctor was\namazed to see that my cysts were gone so quickly. I'm\nfeeling better than ever.\"\n\"Hello Carol, I have started your program this September 2017 and I must say I'm amazed with the results. My periods are normal again and my doctor was amazed to see that my cysts were gone so quickly. I'm feeling better than ever. I have also found through your book that some of my other health problems are from PCOS. My skin texture had also improved and I feel awesome physically.\nIf I can do it anyone can...\"\n-- Tracy Pendergraft, Age 29, 2.4\" Cyst (Scotland)\nSuccess Story #13: Jeanne Lombardi\n\"I am so excited to report that I am free from ovarian\ncysts...and the overall feeling is unbelievable. \"\n\"I am 26 years old and was diagnosed last year with multiple small Ovarian Cysts. I have been suffering (yes! really suffering for so long) and I have indeed tried every prescription drug that you could think of to treat this horrible condition and to ease the pain. I started your Ovarian Cyst Miracle system about 4 months ago and I am so excited to report that I am free from Ovarian Cysts. The pain is gone...completely! And the overall feeling is unbelievable.\nThank you for your help...\"\n-- Jeanne Lombardi, Age 26 (South Africa)\nSuccess Story #14: Laquinda Williams\n\"It's been almost 7 months and I've maintained my\novarian cysts freedom ever since.\"\n\"Dear Carol, I wanted to drop you a note and say 'thanks a lot!'. I was browsing the Internet back in December last year looking for 'salvation'. I have had a large ovarian cyst that was extremely painful especially at night a week before my period. I was so miserable. Thankfully enough I accidentally came across your website. My story is not much different than other women.\nI thought I should give your program a try and if it worked then the thirty something bucks would have been worth it. I ordered your program and went to my local health store and bought the supplements and the other more basic ingredients for your program and then finished your book that night. I started your program and for a week or so I didn't see any change so I thought 'here we go again'. But it wasn't another disappointment. By the end of the first month on a bright Sunday morning, all the pain and the awful bloated feeling just stopped. On the third month, I went and performed another ultrasound and guess what? The cyst was not there anymore. I was so thrilled! It's been almost 7 months and I've maintained my ovarian cysts freedom ever since. My skin also feels so healthy and clean. I truly believe it was god who brought you into my life and I'm completely grateful!\nThanks again,\"!\"\n-- Laquinda Williams, Age 30, 3.1\" Cyst (New York, USA)\n95% of PCOS Women and Ovarian Cyst\nSufferers Make These Same Mistakes Over\nand Over\nOver the last 14 years of training and consulting hundreds of women on treating ovarian cysts and improving fertility, quite a few patterns started to emerge and I noticed most women with ovarian cysts and PCOS women were falling into many of the same common traps. It seems fairly common for most women to either try birth control pills, watchful waiting, taking pain relievers, hormonal supplements or following a specific diet. The time wasted doing these mistakes and the consequences of neglecting the root cause of ovarian cysts are often huge and irreversible: in short it can make your condition worse. The shortage of estrogen is not the cause of ovarian cysts so taking birth control pills will not help. Removing the cyst or the ovary will not help either. But something changed immediately when these women started using the specific techniques that I revealed to them. They finally started getting results naturally after years of struggling to get rid of their ovarian cysts using conventional methods!\nWARNING: Ovarian Cysts and PCOS\n(Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome) Can Be Very\nDangerous If Left Untreated and Can Lead\nTo Infertility\nIf you have ovarian cysts, it is possible that you also suffer from a health condition called PCOS. PCOS or Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome is a complex metabolic, hormonal, and insulin disorder related condition. The long-term health consequences of PCOS may include but are not be limited to:\nCardiovascular Disease\nInsulin resistance is linked to heart problems and may cause endothelial dysfunction, diabetes and other abnormalities. PCOS is also associated with decreased fibrinolysis, increased C-reactive protein levels, and increased carotid intimal thickness which can all lead to Cardiovascular disease)\nDiabetes\nInsulin resistance associated with PCOS often leads to beta-cell exhaustion of the pancreas and ultimately to diabetes.\nOvarian Cyst-Associated Disorders\nWomen with PCOS have reproductive abnormalities, including increased Ovarian Cyst-induced hypertension, and preeclampsia. This condition is develops in late Ovarian Cyst and is characterized by excessive gain in weight, albuminuria, migraines, visual impairments and generalized edema.\nElevated LDL \"Bad\" Cholesterol\nThis is a synergistic effect of PCOS that leads to chronic elevated triglycerides.\nCancers\nPCOS women have 2.5 fold greater risk of having an endometrial cancer.\nDamage to Your Reproductive System\nPCOS and Ovarian Cysts Can Seriously Hinder Your Chances of Getting Pregnant.\nSeizures and High Blood Pressure\nAs you can see, Ovarian Cysts and PCOS are not conditions you want to ignore.\nRuptured Ovarian Cysts May Cause\nSerious Health Complications\nRuptured ovarian cysts can potentially cause serious complications which must be considered. The twisting of the ovary is one of those complications, which may lead to Ovarian Cysts. Leakage of cystic fluid into the abdominal cavity may also result in a condition called sepsis. Ruptured cysts can also lead to dangerous hemorrhagic complications.\nA further complication of a ruptured ovarian cyst is a condition called peritonitis: an inflammation of the mucous membrane which lines the abdominal cavity. Peritonitis is a serious condition that can danger your health.\nFact: Ovarian Cyst Surgery is Not Always\nNecessary and Can Lead To Irreversible\nInfertility\nSurgery should be considered when there is a clear danger from ovarian cysts (having cancerous ovarian cysts is just one example). Whenever you undertake permanent, irreversible surgical procedures such as Laparoscopy or Laparotomy, you run the risk of irreversible infertility: that means that you will not be able to have kids in the future. Before undergoing any irreversible surgical procedure, I would strongly advise that you get the opinion of at least two specialists in the field to see that the procedure performed will bring about significant enough improvement to justify both the high expenses and permanent effects of the surgical procedure. Beside the irreversible results that surgical procedures can cause, these procedures are also very expensive and most are not covered by your health insurance. Not to mention, the serious complications that may result from such an invasive surgical procedure that also do not guarantee the complete prevention of future ovarian cysts.\nThe Only Way You Can Ever Treat Your\nOvarian Cysts and Prevent Their\nRecurrence is From Within by Correctly\nDiagnosing Your Condition and by\nListening to What Your Body is Trying to\nTell You, Work With It and Free Yourself\nOvarian Cysts are triggered by multiple internal factors and therefore can only be treated by tackling all of those internal elements responsible for ovarian cyst formation and not by calming the pain, taking birth control pills, hormones or removing the cyst or the ovary with surgical procedures (that are not 100% guaranteed and have their risks and complications) or by using any other way the ignores the REAL cause of ovarian cysts .\nThe only way you can ever treat your ovarian cysts, prevent their recurrence and get rid of PCOS is by correctly diagnosing your condition from within by listening to what your body is trying to tell you, work with it and free yourself.\nWhen I finally figured that out along with what was going on in the drug industries and the wrongful approach adopted by the conventional medical establishment, I decided I had to take action so I put things on paper and began guiding other ovarian cysts sufferers using this new system I developed. Now, for the first time ever, the same ovarian cysts system that helped thousands of ovarian cysts and PCOS sufferers all over the world to permanently treat ovarian cysts , to instantly treat the pain associated with ovarian cysts, and eliminating all PCOS symptoms is available to you in a single, jam-packed, 190 page e-book:\nIntroducing...\nOvarian Cyst Miracle™\nThe Only Holistic Ovarian Cyst\nSystem In Existence That\nWill Show YOU How To Quickly and\nPermanently Treat Your Ovarian\nCysts, End The Chronic Pain,\nRebalance Your Body and\nAchieve PERMANENT Freedom\nFrom PCOS!\nA CLINICALLY PROVEN Holistic Plan for Quickly and Permanently Reversing Ovarian Cysts and PCOS Naturally and Safely, Boosting Fertility, and Regaining Your Natural Balance\nSUCCESSFULLY Used by 1,000s of Women World-wide\nBEST-SELLING Guide of its Type on the Web\nINSTANTLY Downloadable\n190 Pages JAM-PACKED with Invaluable Advice and Instruction\nPresented in a Step-By-Step, Easy-to-Understand and Logical Format\nDeveloped, Refined and Perfected Over 14 Years or Hard Work\nBacked By Over 65,000 Hours of Intense Research\nAccompanied by FREE Private eMail Counseling from Me for 3 Months, Plus 5 Additional FREE Bonuses Worth at Least $365.87(see Free Bonuses below)!\nOvarian Cyst Miracle Is Completely Unique\nand Different From Any Other Information\nSource Or Ovarian Cyst Solution Because...\nOvarian Cyst Miracle TM is Customizable for Your Unique Condition\nEvery person is completely different. No two reasons for ovarian cysts are exactly the same. That's why the Ovarian Cyst Miracle TM system includes guidelines as to how you can customize the strategies and methods for your unique situation. You will be taught, step-by-step, how to be your own 'scientist' and detect subtle factors within your own body, lifestyle and environment which require attention.\nOvarian Cyst Miracle TM is Practical, Not Demanding and Difficult\nMany ovarian cyst programs are very demanding, difficult, and sometimes downright unrealistic. The Ovarian Cyst Miracle TM system is very practical. It's easy to naturally incorporate into your current lifestyles. You will not have to go too far out of your way to follow the instructions, nor will you have to make unreasonable commitments to outrageous and absurd regimes or schedules.\nOvarian Cyst Miracle TM is Easy to Understand and Logically Laid Out\nDon't worry about not knowing much about human anatomy or medical terminology. I wrote the Ovarian Cyst Miracle TM plan with the layperson in mind. It is presented in an easy-to-understand language and an easy-to-follow, logical and organized format.\nOvarian Cyst Miracle TM is Continually Updated I learn new things every single day from continued research, testing and experimentation. I also get a lot of ideas as to how I can improve Ovarian Cyst Miracle TM from the women that I counsel. I am therefore constantly in the process of refining and perfecting Ovarian Cyst Miracle. These updates, no matter how extensive, are made available to my previous customers for absolutely free!\nOvarian Cyst Miracle TM Offers Exclusive Personal One-On-One Counseling The Ovarian Cysts Miracle™ system is the ONLY ovarian cysts system in existence that offers FREE professional private email counseling and support from a nutrition specialist and a 14 year medical researcher with proven clinical experience. Let me ask you, how many more ovarian cysts treatments will offer you this kind of professional, personal and direct help, reassurance and support?\nHere Is a Small Sample Of What You'll\nLearn When You Download Your Copy Of\nThe Ovarian Cyst Miracle™ System Today:\nHow to quickly and naturally alleviate the pain and discomfort in as little as 12 hours and completely dissolve all types of ovarian cysts and the symptoms of PCOS within 2 months using my unique 3-step holistic system.\nThe shocking truth about conventional ovarian cyst treatments and the medication trap and how you can finally free yourself and use the natural approach forever\nWhy the glycemic index of the foods you eat may not be as important as you've been led to believe in determining whether food will make you contribute to ovarian cyst formation or not?\nThe top ten worst foods you should never eat when you are struggling to treat ovarian cysts. Did you know for example that there is a certain beverage which can decrease your chances of curing ovarian cysts by 50%?\nFinally: the whole TRUTH about How to treat ovarian cysts The Right Way: from the hormonal balancing point of view: Learning When & How to Do It, is one of the most neglected and crucial elements in the treatment of ovarian cysts\nDiscover the most powerful over the counter cream that has been proven to help dissolve most types and sizes of ovarian cysts sometimes within days!\nThe one secret 100% natural hormonal balancing supplement that you should always take on a daily basis, and is guaranteed to make a dramatic impact on your ovarian cysts condition sometimes in a matter of days!\nThe FIRST thing you must avoid doing that is most commonly practiced by most ovarian cysts sufferers if you ever want to get rid of your ovarian cysts and PCOS.\nSECRET#4: Discover the link between insulin resistance, ovarian cysts and Infertility and how to start fighting this problem right now, reverse it and prevent potential health complications\nSECRET#7: Over 15 little-known secrets for strengthening your reproductive system and so that your body can more easily scorch away ovarian cyst formation and balance itself!\nThe 7 most important nutritional foundations to an effective ovarian cyst treatment program (ignore these and you'll it will become even more difficult to get rid of your ovarian cysts)\nSECRET#9:The most up-to-date and detailed diagrams and step by step instructions for using the holistic and nutritional approach to enhance your fertility and make your reproductive system resistant against any future ovarian cyst formation\nWARNING: Unless you avoid the following 12 most commonly used toxic substances, you will never get rid of your ovarian cysts and PCOS. I will show you a PROVEN easy step by step plan to get rid of these elements so you could pave the path to ovarian health, hormonal balance, enhanced fertility and a strong reproductive system.\nSeveral of the best-kept anti-ovarian cyst supplements that almost NOBODY knows about...compiled by a 14 year study .\nWhy most women are trying to heal their ovarian cysts using totally wrong methods... and how to modify your routines to make them twice as effective for dissolving away all existing ovarian cysts and their recurrence.\nThe amazing connection between physical activity and Infertility and why, when, where and how you can start 'exercising' your way to ovarian cyst freedom today!\nThe 2 breathing strategies that can significantly help your body to start heal itself , normalize hormonal production and fight ovarian cysts\nWhy no special diet or detox program will ever treat your ovarian cysts or PCOS\nSECRET#18: The truth about dermoid cysts and how to treat them to avoid the irreversible consequences of the often unnecessary surgery procedure!\nAn ingenious method to cleanse your digestive organs and get rid of chemicals that mimic hormones that aggravate your condition\nSECRET#27: The Three Part Secret to prevent the recurrence of ovarian cysts and uterine fibroids. This surprising method alone is worth ten times the price of the program.\nThe most disturbing evidence regarding the cause and prevention of ovarian cysts that most doctors are not even aware of and the pharmaceutical companies hope you'll never find out.\nREVEALED: The most potent vitamins which can dramatically enhance your reproductive system and your ovarian health.\nWhy this \"almost magical\" combination of three types of herbs will empower your body's self-immune mechanism and cleansing abilities (required to treat ovarian cysts) dramatically!\nHow to enjoy endless varieties of delicious foods, while simultaneously turning your reproductive system into an ovarian cysts dissolving machine!\nThe simple, cheap yet deadly effective method of getting rid of internal system blockage and allowing your body to strengthen, heal and fortify itself and thus reverse ovarian cysts quickly and efficiently.\nREVEALED! The hidden truth behind your everyday activities and their negative impact on your reproductive system, ovarian cysts and fertility. Discover how to stop sabotaging your chances of getting rid of your ovarian cysts!\nA secret yet very simple technique to eliminating the ovarian cyst pain overnight ( this tactic is ignored by 99% of women )\nThe CRUCIAL link between insomnia, stress and ovarian cysts and PCOS and exactly what you should do to significantly control or completely free yourself from these afflictions.\nAnd much much more...\nOvarian Cyst Miracle™ is so much more than just an \"e-book\" - it's a complete holistic system for sure-fire freedom from ovarian cysts and PCOS - possibly the most comprehensive ovarian cysts system that has ever developed.\nHere Are Few of The Benefits You Will Gain\nBy Following The Ovarian Cyst Miracle Step\nBy Step System\nThe Ovarian Cysts Miracle™ system tackles the internal cause of ovarian cysts and fixes it permanently. By tackling all ovarian cysts contributing factors using a holistic, multi-dimensional approach it ensures the permanent eradication of the PCOS/ovarian cysts internal environment. Here are few of the benefits our customers have enjoyed after following the Ovarian Cyst Miracle program...\nTreat all types and sizes of ovarian cysts quickly, naturally and safely\nReverse all PCOS symptoms permanently\nTreat the pain and bloating associated with ovarian cysts\nGet rid of excessive weight\nBecome more relaxed and enjoy excellent sleep\nTreat most digestive disorders\nFeel lighter, healthier, look younger and more energetic.\nExperience enhanced elimination, clockwork periods, thicker hair and healthier skin and nails\nHave increased mental clarity, enthusiasm and vitality.\nSave 1000's of dollars and avoid the costs and consequences of surgery.\nThe Ovarian Cyst Miracle System Has Been\nClinically Proven To Work On All Types and\nSizes of Ovarian Cysts\nBy following the simple 3-step approach found inside the Ovarian Cyst Miracle you will become permanently free from your existing ovarian cysts and any future formation of ovarian cysts and PCOS symptoms, along with all the pain and other related symptoms. The best news is that the program works on all types and sizes of ovarian cysts for women in all ages.\nThe Ovarian Cyst Miracle system has been clinically proven to work in all of the following cases:\nSmall or Very Large Ovarian Cysts\nMultiple Ovarian Cysts\nFollicular Cysts\nCorpus Luteum Cysts\nDermoid Cysts\nHemorrhagic Cysts\nEndometriomas Cysts\nCystadenoma\nSuccess Story #15: Nicole Terry\n\"Very informative resource that actually works. I finally\nbecame pregnant...\"\n\"Hi Carol, it's nice to know that there are people like yourself who enjoy helping other ovarian cysts sufferers.\nYour program preaches on the holistic way, where the body is treated as a unified whole and the disease is a part of that complexity and that is the first thing that appealed to me. You don't advocate quick fixes or magic cures like many of the snake oil marketers out there. I love your honesty and identified with your personal story. Anyways, the natural way is not that quick, but it produces results and very impressive ones I must say...all of the annoying ovarian cysts pain that haunted me all those years just vanished. Really!\nWhen I started reading your book early last year, I discovered that I knew some of the protocols you talked about, but I still wasn't using them because I didn't understand the idea behind it and why it was important to do it. I think that is one of the most significant things I learned from your program - the WHY behind the what to do. I also learned a lot of new information about my internal system and overall health with tremendous results. On top of it all, I got pregnant after years of struggle with my baby Dean (see picture attached).\"\nWith much appreciation...\"\n-- Nicole Terry, Age 39, and her baby Dean (Melbourne, Australia)\nSuccess Story #16: Tarja Seeck\n\"This book is an absolute must for all types of ovarian\ncyst sufferers out there!\"\n\"Carol, You must get dozens of letters like this every day, but THANK YOU for your efforts and time you put into making this system and for your very informative advice! This book is an absolute must for all types of ovarian cyst sufferers out there! The natural way is so much more logical to me and works fast I must admit. Since I started your program I have trashed all the OTCs and pills I had in my medicine cabinet. What's more important is that your approach; the holistic approach helped me treat my ovarian cyst where it starts by fixing the root cause. How stupid was I to think conventional medications can treat anything...using your safe and well constructed natural system, I feel like a new woman and I'm also blessed with a whole host of other health benefits as well.\nSo, thank you. After more than 2 years of frustration and agony, your book was the last piece of the puzzle I needed. This change is something you feel right to the core of your being.\nTHANK YOU, I feel so much better.\"\n-- Tarja Seeck, Age 37, 3.5\" Cyst (Finland)\nSuccess Story #17: Ann Baeffel\n\"The second ultrasound I took clearly showed my\novarian cyst had disappeared into thin air.\"\n\"Carol, I wish to praise you for sharing such a simple but comprehensive program to tackle this disease from the root. This is truly a valuable asset for all women. It's been almost eight months since my doctor first diagnosed me with a small ovarian cyst. One of my sisters had ovarian cysts before, but I didn't realize how painful they really were, until I was diagnosed.\nMy doctor suggested that I increase the dose of birth control pills but as the months went nothing has changed.\nAs soon as I decided I'm going all the way and eradicate my ovarian cysts right where they breathe, I ordered your program and the results as you already know were astonishing to say the least. The second ultrasound I took clearly showed my ovarian cyst had disappeared into thin air.\nI want to thank you for writing this book and sharing this with all of us. I have even encouraged my \"Doubting Thomas\" friend to order it and read it too. To have so much good information in one tight package is an unbelievable value. I would encourage anyone who suffers from ovarian cysts to take advantage of this remarkable program!\nSincerely...\"\n-- Ann Baeffel, Age 20, 1.5\" Cyst (Texas, USA)\nWhy You Can't Trust The Drug and\nPharmaceutical Companies and Your\nCurrent Sources of Information\nIn the year 2012, Americans spent almost $2.4 billion on over-the-counter drugs and conventional treatments for PCOS and Ovarian Cysts aimed at relieving the pain caused by ovarian cysts, to balance hormones and to treat other PCOS related symptoms, according to Feedback Research Services, a health-care research firm.\nThe anti-ovarian cysts industry reaches billions in sales each and every year. There are hundreds of different manufacturers that produce thousands different products, which are consumed by nearly 12 million women in the United States who have ovarian cysts!\nWith billions at stake, these pharmaceutical companies will tell you anything to get you to buy their products. They'll even lie right to your face!\nFor more than 14 years I've researched and experimented with all these 'very promising' products only to find the true secret to lasting ovarian cyst freedom just like you're doing now, so I understand how it feels to be exploited like that and throw your hard earned money on the next useless birth control pill, over the counters and drugs, only to end up with nothing. I wasted thousands of dollars and was frustrated and discouraged just like you before I finally discovered what really worked.\nWhy Are Doctors Not\nTeaching This New 3-Step\nOvarian Cyst Healing Approach?\nIf you read through the testimonials on the Ovarian Cyst Miracle site you will hear from many women who had seen well established doctors only to be told the same coping techniques you read in ovarian cyst and PCOS forums all over the internet. The reason for this is because most doctors and even alternative health practitioners have never had to try these ineffective techniques themselves. It takes a long time for radical new ideas to filter down to your local doctor. If you visit a doctor you are almost always going to be given a prescription for pain killers or birth control pills simply because they are short on time and believe it to be the fastest solution to your ovarian cyst condition. I am not judging these doctors, many doctors are sadly too short on time to investigate the issue further and try a different natural approach with you. That different approach is what you find in this website. I have been teaching this new revolutionary approach to dealing with ovarian cysts and PCOS for over 10 years now and the results are remarkable.\nAn Important Reason You Should Try The\nOvarian Cyst Miracle System Today:\nOver 157,000 women in 132 countries have already used the program successfully over the past 7 years! And I've used the feedback from all of those women to refine the system into the current updated 2018 version. Not only that, but the Ovarian Cyst Miracle program has one of the highest satisfaction rates in the entire women's health industry: 98.2% of Ovarian Cyst Miracle users are satisfied with the program. These reader satisfaction statistics above prove that if you apply the 3-step approach of the Ovarian Cyst Miracle, you WILL get results... plain and simple!\nLet Me Show You The Proven 3-Step Secret\nProgram That Allowed Me and Thousands\nOf Other Women to Achieve Permanent\nFreedom From Ovarian Cysts and PCOS\nFor The Last 14 Years!\nThese are not theories written by some science geek that never had ovarian cysts in her life. I used this system myself and still follow it as we speak. I practice what I preach. Don't feel bad - you're not alone. I've been there too. I've learned slowly and painfully. I made all the mistakes, bought all the wrong products and trusted all the wrong people. I don't want it to happen to you. I want you to know the truth about your ovarian cysts and how you can permanently treat it. You deserve it. That's why I wrote this program. In my e-book I have laid out a unique easy to follow step-by-step treatment that can instantly get rid of your pain and start treating your ovarian cysts by addressing the root cause. The Ovarian Cyst Miracle system has been tested and refined for years to make the system as easy as possible for every woman to follow, yet extremely effective at curing all types of ovarian cysts in the shortest amount of time.\nSuccess Story #18: Margaret Hughes\n\"The results from using your program were amazing\nand took place in a matter of weeks. There is no more\npain and my cyst seems so small on the ultrasound,\nyou need a microscope to find it...\"\n\"Dear Carol, before I started your program, at my doctor's orders I was treated with birth control pills for months without any improvement over my ovarian cysts condition. I used to have severe pain in my spine and in all the wrong places, including my thighs and I felt very fatigue at all times. I just couldn't stand it anymore! I feel so lucky I have found your website. The results from using your program were amazing and took place in a matter of weeks. I could not believe it. There is no more pain and my cyst seems so small on the ultrasound, you need a microscope to find it... I feel much younger, and have so much energy. It's almost magical! You have saved me so much agony, frustration and the risk involved with surgery many times the purchase price. I also don't need to spend a dime on those useless over the counter drugs that do nothing but side effects.\nYou’ve been very supportive and kind. God bless you!\"\n-- Margaret Hughes, Age 25, 2.2\" Cyst (Australia)\nSuccess Story #19: Carol Aronow\n\"Not only the stabbing pain was gone in hours, my\nOvarian Cyst had disappeared in less than a month, I\nhave had much more energy during my holiday.\"\n\"This program works. I live in Europe and suffered from severe Ovarian Cysts for years. I have started the Ovarian Cyst Miracle program a week before a trip to the U.S. Not only the stabbing pain was gone in hours, my ovarian cyst had disappeared in less than a month, I have had much more energy during my holiday. I would recommend this remarkable program to all my friends, whether they suffer from ovarian cysts or not. The vitality and well-being I'm experiencing on a daily basis is a god sent gift.\nThank you, \"\n-- Carol Aronow, Age 32, 2.6\" Cyst (Sweden)\nSuccess Story #20: Sheena Klimek\n\" Still amazed at how effective and simple\nthis treatment is!\"\n\"Your program is the most informed, practical and affordable solutions for anyone suffering from ovarian cysts. I enjoyed the reading very much and really learned a lot about my ovarian cysts and myself. It's the first month and my ovarian cysts symptoms are already starting to fade.\nI wanted to add my \"success story\" with using the Ovarian Cyst Miracle program. Your system has helped me a lot with a whole range of symptoms that I had no knowledge were related to PCOS. I suffered from mood swings, irregular menses, acne and high blood pressure. Since I adopted the PCOS nutritional guidelines and took the supplements you recommended, things started to change for the better and so quickly. I feel a lot more energized. I'm still amazed at how effective and simple this treatment is!\"- !\nThank you for being such a kind spirit\"\n-- Shenna Klimek, Age 23, 4.1\" Cyst (Ohio, USA)\nORDER TODAY and you'll also receive the\nfollowing 6 FREE bonuses worth\nAT LEAST $365.87!\nBONUS #1 - Ovarian Cysts 14-Day Meal Plan & Recipes By Carol Foster\nIn my exclusive new and comprehensive 14-day Ovarian Cyst Meal Plan and Recipes™ I wanted to make your nutritional journey towards ovarian cyst freedom as painless and fool-proof as possible. I have completely eliminated your meal plan guesswork once and for all... In this guide you will find invaluable meal plans and dozens of tasty recipes from appetizers to desserts that are specifically designed for ovarian cysts and PCOS sufferers. I have focused mainly on what you can eat rather than what must be eliminated. The delicious recipes that I have perfected in more than 12 years of experience as a nutritionist and health consultant are healing, soothing, and are easily digestible for people on restricted diets. Discover how changing your diet can help you not only treating ovarian cysts, but virtually any disease.\nValue: $29 yours FREE\nBONUS #2 - From PMS to PPD: Understanding the Phases of The Female Body By Carol Foster\nHave you ever wondered why some women suffer from PMS? Or, do you want to know more about postpartum depression? What about the changes menopause incurs? If you spend all your time getting one task done just so you can move on to another, you need to make sure you don't waste one minute. Any time spent dilly-dallying is time you don't get to sit back and relax.\nIf you answered “yes” to these questions, I have a special product for you! “From PMS to PPD: Understanding the Phases of the Female Body” offers up detailed information on anything and everything related to women’s bodies!\nYou’ll learn everything you need to know about the phases of the female body with this fantastic e-book. From Menstruation to Menopause and Everything In Between!\nValue: $37.95 yours FREE\nBONUS #3 - The Ultimate Guide to Relaxation By Carol Foster\nAre you sick of the constant stress and mind numbing pace? “The Ultimate Guide to Stress Reduction and Relaxation” is just what you need to finally take control and rid yourself of stress and welcome relaxation once and for all! Managing stress and knowing how to relax are both absolutely necessary to having freedom from ovarian cysts and a healthy and happy life. Stress is a normal part of the hectic lifestyle we all live today.\nLearning how to handle that stress and finding methods to relax is no laughing matter.\nValue: $39.97 yours FREE\nBONUS #4 - Secrets To Sleeping Soundly\n'The Secrets to Sleeping Soundly' arms you with everything you need to know about the beneficial and harmful aspects of your sleep cycle, including when to recognize that your lack of sleep is reaching critical mass. Sleeping pills aren't always necessarily the best line of defense. Normal, natural sleep is much healthier and 'The Secrets to Sleeping Soundly' explains how to determine what your body needs in order to get the sleep it requires.\nValue: $34.95 yours FREE\nBONUS #5 - Free Lifetime Updates\nThis program is by far the most effective and proven method to eliminating ovarian cysts permanently. However, I believe in constant improvement. I will always continue to research, test and refine what I have learned to make this program even better. In fact, in the near future I plan on offering this program only as part of a membership package including several exclusive bonus reports and special updates at a substantially higher price. Order now and you are guaranteed to get all future bonus reports for FREE for life!\nThat is one of the awesome benefits of e-books. If a new edition of a hard copy book is released, you have to go to the bookstore or amazon.com and buy it all over again! Not so with ebooks. When a new, updated edition of Ovarian Cyst Miracle, is released, you get it for FREE! It's easy - I will simply contact you through my private clients-only email list and send you instant download instructions so you can stay totally up to date on the latest anti PCOS breakthroughs. Value: $27 yours FREE\nSUPER BONUS - Free One-On-One Counseling With Carol Foster For 3 Months (Only a Few Spots Left!)\nI am a certified nutritionist and a life-long medical researcher for a limited time I offer full 3 months of private email counseling to guide you through the program and help you gain permanent freedom from your ovarian cysts. If in any time you feel confused, you can have your troublesome questions privately answered. I'd love to hear from you. Just email me. I promise you'll get an answer in 24 hours. Value: $197 yours FREE\nThis help is practically priceless. You'll always feel that someone is there for you...so you're never left to deal with your ovarian cysts alone. With this free and unlimited email support you can practically be sure that... you are always on track, you are al | null | null | null | 14 | 6 | 0 |
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