flaviawallen/MNLP_M3_mcqa_dataset · Datasets at Hugging Face

id stringlengths 8 27	question stringlengths 1 1.87k	choices listlengths 4 4	answer stringclasses 4 values	dataset stringclasses 7 values	rationale stringclasses 537 values
arceasy_train_106	Which human body system attacks viruses and bacteria once they have invaded the body?	[ "circulatory", "endocrine", "digestive", "immune" ]	D	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_107	The atoms that make up oxygen gas	[ "share two covalent bonds.", "have a definite shape.", "share a pair of neutrons.", "have two free electrons." ]	A	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_108	A student wants to cut a piece of string for a class activity. The length of the string is measured BEST in which units?	[ "Gallons", "Liters", "Miles", "Centimeters" ]	D	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_109	If the atomic mass number of an atom is 35, which statement is most accurate?	[ "The atom is not an isotope.", "The atomic number is less than 17.", "The atom has an odd number of neutrons.", "The number of protons does not equal the number of neutrons." ]	D	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_110	Biotic components need to be recycled through an ecosystem. Which type of organisms are best able to recycle nutrients back into the ecosystem?	[ "decomposers", "predators", "producers", "scavengers" ]	A	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_111	Roger visited his grandfather who lives on a farm. While he was there, he helped his grandfather move hay out of the barn. As Roger worked in the barn he began sneezing. Which system of the body most likely caused Roger to sneeze?	[ "circulatory", "excretory", "digestive", "immune" ]	D	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_112	Why should plants be included in investigations about the water cycle?	[ "Plants speed up the water cycle by removing carbon from the air.", "Plants start the water cycle when they make water in photosynthesis.", "Plants are part of the water cycle through the process of transpiration.", "Plants stop the water cycle because they absorb it and stop the flow to streams." ]	C	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_113	Which statement best identifies a basic need of all animals?	[ "They need to eat.", "They need to hide.", "They need to jump.", "They need to smell." ]	A	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_114	Which of the following describes an instinctive behavior?	[ "a behavior that occurs only in adult fish", "a behavior that occurs only in small mammals", "a behavior that an animal learns how to do over time", "a behavior that an animal is born knowing how to do" ]	D	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_115	Which of these provide the best evidence that life could develop on Mars?	[ "its atmospheric gases", "its surface temperatures", "its craters and rocky surface", "its ice and organic molecules" ]	D	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_116	The primary reason that plants are important for an ecosystem is because they	[ "provide energy for consumers.", "depend on other organisms for shelter.", "break down dead animal matter.", "consume nutrients for energy." ]	A	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_117	Energy from the Sun reaches Earth by	[ "radiation.", "conduction.", "convection.", "thermal expansion." ]	A	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_118	Scientists study the current conditions of many solar system objects to gain insight into conditions early in the history of Earth. Which phenomenon most closely models current theories of early Earth?	[ "liquid forming valleys on Mars", "hundreds of active volcanoes on Io", "rock and ice forming the core of Neptune", "ice covering the entire surface of Europa" ]	B	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_119	Jonathan places a pot of water on a stove. As the water boils, how does the state of the water change?	[ "from gas to liquid", "from liquid to gas", "from liquid to solid", "from solid to liquid" ]	B	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_120	Animal cells obtain energy by	[ "processing sunlight.", "absorbing nutrients.", "growing.", "dividing." ]	B	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_121	Which illness is associated with a weakened immune system in the body?	[ "tetanus", "cancer", "measles", "rabies" ]	B	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_122	In the human kidney, urea from the blood is filtered through the glomerular membrane into a nephron. The movement of urea across this membrane occurs without an input of energy. Which factor is the most likely reason urea absorption does not require energy?	[ "a pH imbalance", "a pressure difference", "a temperature increase", "a concentration gradient" ]	D	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_123	The greatest amount of diversity can be found among which type of organism?	[ "plants", "animals", "bacteria", "fungi" ]	C	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_124	Which energy type is common enough in Nevada to make a significant contribution to the renewable energy needs of the state?	[ "coal", "geothermal", "natural gas", "petroleum" ]	B	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_125	Until recently the Grand Canyon was thought to be about 5-6 million years old. Recently a scientist gathered data and wrote a paper for a scientific journal that indicated the canyon is about 17 million years old. Before this new information about the canyon is accepted, which of these needs to occur?	[ "The scientist needs to publish additional papers.", "The scientist needs to obtain government support.", "Other scientists need to state their beliefs.", "Many scientists need to evaluate the data." ]	D	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_126	Which human trait is most likely inherited from a parent?	[ "learning to ride a bike", "holding a spoon", "reading a book", "height" ]	D	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_127	Foam weather stripping is often placed in the frames of doors and windows in a home. What is the purpose of this weather stripping?	[ "The weather stripping increases heat transfer by radiation.", "Heat is conducted quickly through the weather stripping.", "The weather stripping reduces heat loss due to convection.", "Heat can transfer through the weather stripping due to reflection." ]	C	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_129	For a technology project, Kyle came up with an idea to build a model bridge. He wants his bridge to span 50 cm and to support a 1 kg object. According to the engineering design process, which of the following should be Kyle's next step?	[ "construct prototypes of different kinds of bridges", "research the different designs of bridges", "gather the materials needed to build the bridge", "make a drawing to show how to build the bridge" ]	B	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_130	Light travels fastest through which of the following?	[ "air", "glass", "water", "a vacuum" ]	D	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_131	Different systems of the human body perform different functions. Which system takes oxygen from the air to be moved by the circulatory system?	[ "the respiratory system", "the digestive system", "the nervous system", "the skeletal system" ]	A	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_132	A solar cell turns sunlight into another form of energy. A solar cell is most like what natural structure?	[ "an elephant's ears", "a plant's leaves", "a deer's hooves", "a tree's roots" ]	B	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_133	The Sun appears to move across the sky each day, rising in the east and setting in the west. What causes this apparent motion?	[ "the rotation of Earth on its axis", "the revolution of the Sun around Earth", "the Earth’s distance from the Sun", "the properties of Earth’s atmosphere" ]	A	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_134	What causes a blue block to appear blue in the sunlight?	[ "The block absorbs all blue light.", "The block bends (refracts) all blue light.", "Only blue light is reflected by the block.", "Only blue light passes through the block." ]	C	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_135	A student determined the density of different bars of soap. Which should the student most likely do to check the accuracy of the results?	[ "complete the experiment in one day", "test multiple brands of soap", "record data in metric units", "repeat the experiment" ]	D	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_136	Which method below would be the best way to determine if an egg, plastic foam, a piece of wood, or a candle would float on water?	[ "observing each object in water", "measuring the size of each object", "calculating the weight of the objects", "comparing the shapes of the objects" ]	A	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_137	Liam lives in the Northern Hemisphere of Earth and plays in the snow in December. His friend lives in the Southern Hemisphere of Earth and plays at the beach in December. What is the best explanation for why this is possible?	[ "tilt of Earth on its axis", "rotation of Earth on its axis", "revolution of Earth around the Sun", "revolution of the Moon around Earth" ]	A	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_138	A scientist needs to take a picture of the well-ordered arrangements of the atoms and molecules within a substance. Which of the following instruments would be best for the scientist to use?	[ "a laser light with holograph.", "a seismograph.", "an electron microscope.", "a stereoscope." ]	C	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_139	Gold atoms can be identified based on the number of which subatomic particles?	[ "neutrons", "electrons", "nuclei", "protons" ]	D	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_140	Which is needed for both boiling and melting to occur?	[ "solids", "gases", "heat", "pressure" ]	C	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_141	Which of the following is an example of genetic engineering?	[ "Growing a whole plant from a single cell.", "Finding the sequences of bases in plant DNA.", "Inserting a gene into plants that makes them resistant to insects.", "Attaching the root of one type of plant to the stem of another type of plant." ]	C	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_142	Which of the following is an example of a container that is filled with a pure substance rather than with a mixture?	[ "a tire filled with air", "a jar filled with salt water", "a balloon filled with helium", "a glass filled with chocolate milk" ]	C	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_143	Which best describes the role of the esophagus in digestion?	[ "It releases acid and mixes food.", "It aids in absorption of nutrients from food.", "It carries food from the mouth to the stomach.", "It carries food from the stomach to the intestines." ]	C	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_144	Which change is most likely caused by a thunderstorm?	[ "a glacier moving", "a stream flooding", "a volcano erupting", "a mountain forming" ]	B	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_145	Which is an example of an organism that has been selectively bred for a particular genetic trait?	[ "cats that eat mice", "cows that graze on grass", "pigs that form large herds", "chickens that lay large eggs" ]	D	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_146	Which of these can be described as a system of stars, gases, dust, and other matter that orbits a common center of gravity?	[ "an asteroid", "a galaxy", "a nebula", "a comet" ]	B	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_147	The Florida Bog Frog (Lithobates okaloosae) inhabits shallow stream overflows in three counties in Florida. With such a small geographic habitat, any change in the frog's environment could cause drastic changes in the population. Which would most likely affect the frog population if acid rain changed the pH of the water?	[ "Prey insects would become inedible.", "Tadpoles would be unable to survive.", "Breeding sites would become unavailable.", "Predators would choose another food source." ]	B	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_148	Which function do kidneys provide to maintain homeostasis?	[ "the removal of excess heat from the body", "the removal of carbon dioxide from the body", "the removal of excess oxygen from the blood", "the removal of nitrogenous wastes from the blood" ]	D	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_149	While running, leg muscles work to move leg bones, and the skin helps to	[ "regulate body temperature.", "sense small changes in the heart rate.", "transport nutrients to muscles.", "maintain oxygen levels in the blood." ]	A	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_150	Rolanda is growing tomato plants in her garden. She has created a compost pile and has been adding compost around her tomato plants to help fertilize them. Compost is solid waste in which organic material is broken down by microorganisms in the presence of oxygen to where it can be safely stored, handled, and applied to the environment. On what does Rolanda primarily rely in order for composting to work?	[ "producers", "consumers", "scavengers", "decomposers" ]	D	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_151	Some students were on a tour exploring the inside of a cave. While the students were in the cave, they realized they heard an echo every time that they spoke. Which most likely caused the echo to occur?	[ "the accumulation of the sound waves", "the diffraction of the sound waves", "the refraction of the sound waves", "the reflection of the sound waves" ]	D	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_152	A scientist uses angstrom units to measure the distance between two points. The scientist is most likely measuring the distance between two	[ "atoms.", "cities.", "continents.", "stars." ]	A	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_153	Based on the evidence available at the time, early models of the solar system stated that all objects in space orbited Earth. In the 16th century, an astronomer reevaluated the evidence and proposed a model of the solar system that is still in use. What part of this model corrected the mistake in previous solar system models?	[ "The Sun is at the center of this model.", "Earth is the largest object in this model.", "This model contains more than one star.", "This model shows that Earth is stationary." ]	A	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_154	The hormone insulin is secreted by the pancreas. Which activity is most likely to trigger an increase in the levels of insulin circulating in the blood?	[ "driving", "eating", "jogging", "sleeping" ]	B	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_155	In gym class a student kicks a soccer ball high into the air. As the ball goes upward, which type of energy is increasing?	[ "kinetic energy", "thermal energy", "potential energy", "mechanical energy" ]	C	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_156	Which best describes the orbit of the Moon around Earth?	[ "circular with a period of about one month", "circular with a period of about one week", "elliptical with a period of about one month", "elliptical with a period of about one week" ]	C	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_157	In any physical or chemical process, what two quantities are always conserved?	[ "matter and total energy", "light and acoustic energy", "density and thermal energy", "gravity and potential energy" ]	A	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_158	The nucleus of MOST atoms consists of	[ "neutrons only", "protons and neutrons", "protons and electrons", "neutrons and electrons" ]	B	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_159	The complete removal of decomposers from an ecosystem will have the greatest effect on which of the following?	[ "the spread of disease", "the availability of water", "the recycling of nutrients", "the distribution of organisms" ]	C	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_160	In an accurate diagram of the solar system, which object would be shown closest to Earth?	[ "the Moon", "the asteroid belt", "Mars", "Saturn" ]	A	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_161	Typically, sedimentary rocks are formed	[ "only in erupting volcanoes.", "only under great pressure and high temperatures.", "below Earth's surface as magma cools and crystallizes.", "from materials that settle." ]	D	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_162	Which renewable resource is used with photovoltaic cells to produce electricity?	[ "hydrothermal energy", "solar energy", "geothermal energy", "nuclear energy" ]	B	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_163	Which will most likely happen to a solid substance that is heated?	[ "It will melt.", "It will boil.", "It will harden.", "It will evaporate." ]	A	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_164	A scientist observes an unusual activity while studying bacterial cells. Using scientific inquiry to investigate the activity will enable the scientist to	[ "control the behavior.", "prove that the behavior is beneficial.", "evaluate different explanations of the behavior.", "conclude how the behavior will change in the future." ]	C	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_167	To safely conduct an experiment using chemicals, what should students always do?	[ "Work in large groups.", "Wear safety goggles.", "Wear short sleeves.", "Keep a window open." ]	B	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_169	Which are two parts of the carbon cycle?	[ "freezing and thawing", "growth and reproduction", "evaporation and precipitation", "photosynthesis and respiration" ]	D	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_170	The digestive system breaks food into simple substances that the body can use. What system carries these simple substances from the digestive system to other parts of the body?	[ "circulatory", "nervous", "respiratory", "skeletal" ]	A	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_171	A student conducts an experiment using a common but potentially harmful bacteria culture. After working with the bacteria, which is the most important safety practice to follow?	[ "turn off any electrical equipment", "dispose of waste materials", "wash hands and tabletops thoroughly", "return materials to their proper place" ]	C	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_172	Which of these environmental changes goes on for months or years?	[ "drought", "flood", "avalanche", "landslide" ]	A	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_173	Erin placed her shamrock plant in a dark corner. Soon she saw that the leaves had tilted toward her window. What did the plant need most from the window?	[ "sunlight during the day", "air during the day", "darkness at night", "warmth at night" ]	A	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_174	Which gravitational pull has the greatest influence on Earth's tides?	[ "the gravitational pull between Earth and the Moon", "the gravitational pull between Earth and the Sun", "the gravitational pull between Earth and Jupiter", "the gravitational pull between Earth and Mars" ]	A	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_175	One key physical process in beach formation is wave action. Sand is deposited on beaches as waves break onto the shoreline and the energy from the wave scatters. Which type of energy is most used by wave action to modify the shape of the beaches?	[ "thermal", "potential", "chemical", "mechanical" ]	D	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_176	A student is asked to bring something that feels rough to class. Which would be BEST for him to bring?	[ "Pillow", "Marble", "Sandpaper", "Trading card" ]	C	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_177	What tool would be used to examine a fingerprint?	[ "a graduated cylinder", "a hand lens", "a pair of goggles", "a thermometer" ]	B	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_178	Which of the following is a mineral?	[ "diamond", "plastic", "steel", "wood" ]	A	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_179	During a rainstorm, leaves wash down a gully on a hillside. The water slows down at the foot of the hill and fans out, depositing the leaves. What geologic structure is formed in a similar way?	[ "a basalt column", "a stalactite", "a fault line", "a delta" ]	D	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_180	The change in fur color of the Arctic hare from brown in the summer to white in the winter is an example of	[ "mimicry.", "heredity.", "diversity.", "camouflage." ]	D	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_181	Which sense is used to tell if there is sugar in a glass of tea?	[ "Touch", "Hearing", "Smell", "Taste" ]	D	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_183	All organisms contain DNA and RNA. What are the subunits of DNA and RNA?	[ "simple sugars", "amino acids", "carbohydrates", "nucleotides" ]	D	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_184	How does ice change the shape of rocks?	[ "It dissolves the rocks by pooling on surfaces.", "It breaks the rocks by expanding in openings.", "It smooths the rocks by colliding with them.", "It moves the rocks by pressing on them." ]	B	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_185	Which property of Earth's interior keeps the innermost part in a solid state?	[ "relatively low temperature", "extremely high pressure", "high rate of heat flow", "low rate of radioactive decay" ]	B	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_186	Diseases that can be transmitted between organisms are	[ "infectious.", "inherited.", "environmental.", "congenital." ]	A	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_187	The transfer of thermal energy from one object to another is known as	[ "heat.", "electricity.", "magnetism.", "temperature." ]	A	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_188	Which part of the body carries out the function of copying DNA?	[ "brain", "heart", "bones", "cells" ]	D	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_189	The atomic mass of an atom is	[ "the same as the atomic number.", "the same as the group number.", "the sum of protons and neutrons.", "the difference between protons and electrons." ]	C	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_191	Which scientist is best known for studying plants and animals?	[ "Isaac Newton", "Albert Einstein", "Charles Darwin", "Nicolaus Copernicus" ]	C	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_192	Green plants get the energy they need to make food from	[ "air", "sunlight", "water", "soil" ]	B	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_193	The movement of soil by wind or water is called	[ "condensation", "evaporation", "erosion", "friction" ]	C	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_194	Arctic areas are covered with snow and ice for much of the year. Which color rabbits would be safest from foxes there?	[ "grey", "black", "white", "brown" ]	C	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_195	The ratio of an object's mass to its volume is its	[ "area.", "perimeter.", "density.", "weight." ]	C	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_196	As the hawk population increases in an ecosystem, the deer mouse population will most likely decrease as a result of	[ "decrease in food source.", "increase in disease.", "increase in predators.", "decrease in habitat." ]	C	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_197	Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere trap heat near Earth's surface. Which of these is a greenhouse gas?	[ "nitrogen", "argon", "water vapor", "oxygen" ]	C	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_198	What happens during photosynthesis?	[ "Insects pollinate plants.", "Plants change soil into food energy.", "Animals get carbon dioxide from plants.", "Plants change light energy into food energy." ]	D	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_199	Which is an example of a chemical reaction?	[ "The melting of ice", "The grinding of salt crystals to powder", "The burning of wood", "The evaporation of water from a puddle" ]	C	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_200	A baby kit fox grows to become an adult with a mass of over 3.5 kg. What factor will have the greatest influence on this kit fox's survival?	[ "the size of the fox's ears", "the conditions of the fox's habitat", "the average number of fox offspring", "the social behaviors within the fox population" ]	B	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_202	Which part of a plant produces the seeds?	[ "flower", "leaves", "stem", "roots" ]	A	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_203	Which of the following is found in all living organisms?	[ "cell", "organ", "organ system", "tissue" ]	A	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_204	What is the role of decomposers in a food chain?	[ "They consume other organisms.", "They break down dead organic matter.", "They use the Sun's energy to make food.", "They convert inorganic matter into organic matter." ]	B	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_205	Copernicus changed the way people viewed the solar system by	[ "claiming Earth is in orbit about the Sun.", "inventing, then improving, the telescope.", "writing the theory of the infinite universe.", "showing planetary orbits are elliptical." ]	A	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_206	Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum can humans sense without using equipment or technology?	[ "radio waves", "visible light", "microwaves", "X-rays" ]	B	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_207	The nervous system is composed of cells, tissues, and organs. Which is a cell of the nervous system?	[ "brain", "spinal cord", "ganglion", "neuron" ]	D	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_208	A shallow container of salt water is placed in sunlight for a day. Which is the most likely result?	[ "All of the mixture will evaporate.", "The salt will keep the water from evaporating.", "The salt will separate from the water and float at the top of the container.", "Only the water will evaporate and the salt will remain in the container." ]	D	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_209	Which of these will best separate a saltwater solution?	[ "using a paper filtering system", "using chromatography", "allowing the salt to settle", "allowing the water to evaporate" ]	D	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_210	Mrs. Henderson's class has five small, covered boxes. One contains perfume; another contains dried onions. There is also a box of pine needles, a box of lemon pieces, and a box with a paper towel wet with vanilla flavoring. Which should they do to get the best information about what is in each box?	[ "Shake the boxes.", "Smell the boxes.", "Listen to the boxes.", "Weigh the boxes." ]	B	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_211	Which features are physical properties of an iron nail?	[ "conducts heat, magnetic, solid", "conducts electricity, magnetic, rusts", "conducts sound, insulates, non-magnetic", "dissolves, conducts heat, non-magnetic" ]	A	arceasy	null
arceasy_train_212	Which item would a magnet attract?	[ "iron nail", "wool cloth", "wooden stick", "glass marble" ]	A	arceasy	null

arceasy_train_106

Which human body system attacks viruses and bacteria once they have invaded the body?

[ "circulatory", "endocrine", "digestive", "immune" ]

D

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_107

The atoms that make up oxygen gas

[ "share two covalent bonds.", "have a definite shape.", "share a pair of neutrons.", "have two free electrons." ]

A

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_108

A student wants to cut a piece of string for a class activity. The length of the string is measured BEST in which units?

[ "Gallons", "Liters", "Miles", "Centimeters" ]

D

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_109

If the atomic mass number of an atom is 35, which statement is most accurate?

[ "The atom is not an isotope.", "The atomic number is less than 17.", "The atom has an odd number of neutrons.", "The number of protons does not equal the number of neutrons." ]

D

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_110

Biotic components need to be recycled through an ecosystem. Which type of organisms are best able to recycle nutrients back into the ecosystem?

[ "decomposers", "predators", "producers", "scavengers" ]

A

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_111

Roger visited his grandfather who lives on a farm. While he was there, he helped his grandfather move hay out of the barn. As Roger worked in the barn he began sneezing. Which system of the body most likely caused Roger to sneeze?

[ "circulatory", "excretory", "digestive", "immune" ]

D

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_112

Why should plants be included in investigations about the water cycle?

[ "Plants speed up the water cycle by removing carbon from the air.", "Plants start the water cycle when they make water in photosynthesis.", "Plants are part of the water cycle through the process of transpiration.", "Plants stop the water cycle because they absorb it and stop the flow to streams." ]

C

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_113

Which statement best identifies a basic need of all animals?

[ "They need to eat.", "They need to hide.", "They need to jump.", "They need to smell." ]

A

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_114

Which of the following describes an instinctive behavior?

[ "a behavior that occurs only in adult fish", "a behavior that occurs only in small mammals", "a behavior that an animal learns how to do over time", "a behavior that an animal is born knowing how to do" ]

D

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_115

Which of these provide the best evidence that life could develop on Mars?

[ "its atmospheric gases", "its surface temperatures", "its craters and rocky surface", "its ice and organic molecules" ]

D

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_116

The primary reason that plants are important for an ecosystem is because they

[ "provide energy for consumers.", "depend on other organisms for shelter.", "break down dead animal matter.", "consume nutrients for energy." ]

A

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_117

Energy from the Sun reaches Earth by

[ "radiation.", "conduction.", "convection.", "thermal expansion." ]

A

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_118

Scientists study the current conditions of many solar system objects to gain insight into conditions early in the history of Earth. Which phenomenon most closely models current theories of early Earth?

[ "liquid forming valleys on Mars", "hundreds of active volcanoes on Io", "rock and ice forming the core of Neptune", "ice covering the entire surface of Europa" ]

B

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_119

Jonathan places a pot of water on a stove. As the water boils, how does the state of the water change?

[ "from gas to liquid", "from liquid to gas", "from liquid to solid", "from solid to liquid" ]

B

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_120

Animal cells obtain energy by

[ "processing sunlight.", "absorbing nutrients.", "growing.", "dividing." ]

B

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_121

Which illness is associated with a weakened immune system in the body?

[ "tetanus", "cancer", "measles", "rabies" ]

B

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_122

In the human kidney, urea from the blood is filtered through the glomerular membrane into a nephron. The movement of urea across this membrane occurs without an input of energy. Which factor is the most likely reason urea absorption does not require energy?

[ "a pH imbalance", "a pressure difference", "a temperature increase", "a concentration gradient" ]

D

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_123

The greatest amount of diversity can be found among which type of organism?

[ "plants", "animals", "bacteria", "fungi" ]

C

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_124

Which energy type is common enough in Nevada to make a significant contribution to the renewable energy needs of the state?

[ "coal", "geothermal", "natural gas", "petroleum" ]

B

arceasy

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arceasy_train_125

Until recently the Grand Canyon was thought to be about 5-6 million years old. Recently a scientist gathered data and wrote a paper for a scientific journal that indicated the canyon is about 17 million years old. Before this new information about the canyon is accepted, which of these needs to occur?

[ "The scientist needs to publish additional papers.", "The scientist needs to obtain government support.", "Other scientists need to state their beliefs.", "Many scientists need to evaluate the data." ]

D

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_126

Which human trait is most likely inherited from a parent?

[ "learning to ride a bike", "holding a spoon", "reading a book", "height" ]

D

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_127

Foam weather stripping is often placed in the frames of doors and windows in a home. What is the purpose of this weather stripping?

[ "The weather stripping increases heat transfer by radiation.", "Heat is conducted quickly through the weather stripping.", "The weather stripping reduces heat loss due to convection.", "Heat can transfer through the weather stripping due to reflection." ]

C

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arceasy_train_129

For a technology project, Kyle came up with an idea to build a model bridge. He wants his bridge to span 50 cm and to support a 1 kg object. According to the engineering design process, which of the following should be Kyle's next step?

[ "construct prototypes of different kinds of bridges", "research the different designs of bridges", "gather the materials needed to build the bridge", "make a drawing to show how to build the bridge" ]

B

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null

arceasy_train_130

Light travels fastest through which of the following?

[ "air", "glass", "water", "a vacuum" ]

D

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_131

Different systems of the human body perform different functions. Which system takes oxygen from the air to be moved by the circulatory system?

[ "the respiratory system", "the digestive system", "the nervous system", "the skeletal system" ]

A

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arceasy_train_132

A solar cell turns sunlight into another form of energy. A solar cell is most like what natural structure?

[ "an elephant's ears", "a plant's leaves", "a deer's hooves", "a tree's roots" ]

B

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_133

The Sun appears to move across the sky each day, rising in the east and setting in the west. What causes this apparent motion?

[ "the rotation of Earth on its axis", "the revolution of the Sun around Earth", "the Earth’s distance from the Sun", "the properties of Earth’s atmosphere" ]

A

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null

arceasy_train_134

What causes a blue block to appear blue in the sunlight?

[ "The block absorbs all blue light.", "The block bends (refracts) all blue light.", "Only blue light is reflected by the block.", "Only blue light passes through the block." ]

C

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arceasy_train_135

A student determined the density of different bars of soap. Which should the student most likely do to check the accuracy of the results?

[ "complete the experiment in one day", "test multiple brands of soap", "record data in metric units", "repeat the experiment" ]

D

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_136

Which method below would be the best way to determine if an egg, plastic foam, a piece of wood, or a candle would float on water?

[ "observing each object in water", "measuring the size of each object", "calculating the weight of the objects", "comparing the shapes of the objects" ]

A

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null

arceasy_train_137

Liam lives in the Northern Hemisphere of Earth and plays in the snow in December. His friend lives in the Southern Hemisphere of Earth and plays at the beach in December. What is the best explanation for why this is possible?

[ "tilt of Earth on its axis", "rotation of Earth on its axis", "revolution of Earth around the Sun", "revolution of the Moon around Earth" ]

A

arceasy

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arceasy_train_138

A scientist needs to take a picture of the well-ordered arrangements of the atoms and molecules within a substance. Which of the following instruments would be best for the scientist to use?

[ "a laser light with holograph.", "a seismograph.", "an electron microscope.", "a stereoscope." ]

C

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arceasy_train_139

Gold atoms can be identified based on the number of which subatomic particles?

[ "neutrons", "electrons", "nuclei", "protons" ]

D

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null

arceasy_train_140

Which is needed for both boiling and melting to occur?

[ "solids", "gases", "heat", "pressure" ]

C

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arceasy_train_141

Which of the following is an example of genetic engineering?

[ "Growing a whole plant from a single cell.", "Finding the sequences of bases in plant DNA.", "Inserting a gene into plants that makes them resistant to insects.", "Attaching the root of one type of plant to the stem of another type of plant." ]

C

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arceasy_train_142

Which of the following is an example of a container that is filled with a pure substance rather than with a mixture?

[ "a tire filled with air", "a jar filled with salt water", "a balloon filled with helium", "a glass filled with chocolate milk" ]

C

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arceasy_train_143

Which best describes the role of the esophagus in digestion?

[ "It releases acid and mixes food.", "It aids in absorption of nutrients from food.", "It carries food from the mouth to the stomach.", "It carries food from the stomach to the intestines." ]

C

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_144

Which change is most likely caused by a thunderstorm?

[ "a glacier moving", "a stream flooding", "a volcano erupting", "a mountain forming" ]

B

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null

arceasy_train_145

Which is an example of an organism that has been selectively bred for a particular genetic trait?

[ "cats that eat mice", "cows that graze on grass", "pigs that form large herds", "chickens that lay large eggs" ]

D

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_146

Which of these can be described as a system of stars, gases, dust, and other matter that orbits a common center of gravity?

[ "an asteroid", "a galaxy", "a nebula", "a comet" ]

B

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arceasy_train_147

The Florida Bog Frog (Lithobates okaloosae) inhabits shallow stream overflows in three counties in Florida. With such a small geographic habitat, any change in the frog's environment could cause drastic changes in the population. Which would most likely affect the frog population if acid rain changed the pH of the water?

[ "Prey insects would become inedible.", "Tadpoles would be unable to survive.", "Breeding sites would become unavailable.", "Predators would choose another food source." ]

B

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arceasy_train_148

Which function do kidneys provide to maintain homeostasis?

[ "the removal of excess heat from the body", "the removal of carbon dioxide from the body", "the removal of excess oxygen from the blood", "the removal of nitrogenous wastes from the blood" ]

D

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_149

While running, leg muscles work to move leg bones, and the skin helps to

[ "regulate body temperature.", "sense small changes in the heart rate.", "transport nutrients to muscles.", "maintain oxygen levels in the blood." ]

A

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_150

Rolanda is growing tomato plants in her garden. She has created a compost pile and has been adding compost around her tomato plants to help fertilize them. Compost is solid waste in which organic material is broken down by microorganisms in the presence of oxygen to where it can be safely stored, handled, and applied to the environment. On what does Rolanda primarily rely in order for composting to work?

[ "producers", "consumers", "scavengers", "decomposers" ]

D

arceasy

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arceasy_train_151

Some students were on a tour exploring the inside of a cave. While the students were in the cave, they realized they heard an echo every time that they spoke. Which most likely caused the echo to occur?

[ "the accumulation of the sound waves", "the diffraction of the sound waves", "the refraction of the sound waves", "the reflection of the sound waves" ]

D

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_152

A scientist uses angstrom units to measure the distance between two points. The scientist is most likely measuring the distance between two

[ "atoms.", "cities.", "continents.", "stars." ]

A

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_153

Based on the evidence available at the time, early models of the solar system stated that all objects in space orbited Earth. In the 16th century, an astronomer reevaluated the evidence and proposed a model of the solar system that is still in use. What part of this model corrected the mistake in previous solar system models?

[ "The Sun is at the center of this model.", "Earth is the largest object in this model.", "This model contains more than one star.", "This model shows that Earth is stationary." ]

A

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arceasy_train_154

The hormone insulin is secreted by the pancreas. Which activity is most likely to trigger an increase in the levels of insulin circulating in the blood?

[ "driving", "eating", "jogging", "sleeping" ]

B

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_155

In gym class a student kicks a soccer ball high into the air. As the ball goes upward, which type of energy is increasing?

[ "kinetic energy", "thermal energy", "potential energy", "mechanical energy" ]

C

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_156

Which best describes the orbit of the Moon around Earth?

[ "circular with a period of about one month", "circular with a period of about one week", "elliptical with a period of about one month", "elliptical with a period of about one week" ]

C

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_157

In any physical or chemical process, what two quantities are always conserved?

[ "matter and total energy", "light and acoustic energy", "density and thermal energy", "gravity and potential energy" ]

A

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_158

The nucleus of MOST atoms consists of

[ "neutrons only", "protons and neutrons", "protons and electrons", "neutrons and electrons" ]

B

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_159

The complete removal of decomposers from an ecosystem will have the greatest effect on which of the following?

[ "the spread of disease", "the availability of water", "the recycling of nutrients", "the distribution of organisms" ]

C

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_160

In an accurate diagram of the solar system, which object would be shown closest to Earth?

[ "the Moon", "the asteroid belt", "Mars", "Saturn" ]

A

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_161

Typically, sedimentary rocks are formed

[ "only in erupting volcanoes.", "only under great pressure and high temperatures.", "below Earth's surface as magma cools and crystallizes.", "from materials that settle." ]

D

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_162

Which renewable resource is used with photovoltaic cells to produce electricity?

[ "hydrothermal energy", "solar energy", "geothermal energy", "nuclear energy" ]

B

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_163

Which will most likely happen to a solid substance that is heated?

[ "It will melt.", "It will boil.", "It will harden.", "It will evaporate." ]

A

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_164

A scientist observes an unusual activity while studying bacterial cells. Using scientific inquiry to investigate the activity will enable the scientist to

[ "control the behavior.", "prove that the behavior is beneficial.", "evaluate different explanations of the behavior.", "conclude how the behavior will change in the future." ]

C

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_167

To safely conduct an experiment using chemicals, what should students always do?

[ "Work in large groups.", "Wear safety goggles.", "Wear short sleeves.", "Keep a window open." ]

B

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_169

Which are two parts of the carbon cycle?

[ "freezing and thawing", "growth and reproduction", "evaporation and precipitation", "photosynthesis and respiration" ]

D

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_170

The digestive system breaks food into simple substances that the body can use. What system carries these simple substances from the digestive system to other parts of the body?

[ "circulatory", "nervous", "respiratory", "skeletal" ]

A

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_171

A student conducts an experiment using a common but potentially harmful bacteria culture. After working with the bacteria, which is the most important safety practice to follow?

[ "turn off any electrical equipment", "dispose of waste materials", "wash hands and tabletops thoroughly", "return materials to their proper place" ]

C

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_172

Which of these environmental changes goes on for months or years?

[ "drought", "flood", "avalanche", "landslide" ]

A

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_173

Erin placed her shamrock plant in a dark corner. Soon she saw that the leaves had tilted toward her window. What did the plant need most from the window?

[ "sunlight during the day", "air during the day", "darkness at night", "warmth at night" ]

A

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_174

Which gravitational pull has the greatest influence on Earth's tides?

[ "the gravitational pull between Earth and the Moon", "the gravitational pull between Earth and the Sun", "the gravitational pull between Earth and Jupiter", "the gravitational pull between Earth and Mars" ]

A

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_175

One key physical process in beach formation is wave action. Sand is deposited on beaches as waves break onto the shoreline and the energy from the wave scatters. Which type of energy is most used by wave action to modify the shape of the beaches?

[ "thermal", "potential", "chemical", "mechanical" ]

D

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_176

A student is asked to bring something that feels rough to class. Which would be BEST for him to bring?

[ "Pillow", "Marble", "Sandpaper", "Trading card" ]

C

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_177

What tool would be used to examine a fingerprint?

[ "a graduated cylinder", "a hand lens", "a pair of goggles", "a thermometer" ]

B

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_178

Which of the following is a mineral?

[ "diamond", "plastic", "steel", "wood" ]

A

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_179

During a rainstorm, leaves wash down a gully on a hillside. The water slows down at the foot of the hill and fans out, depositing the leaves. What geologic structure is formed in a similar way?

[ "a basalt column", "a stalactite", "a fault line", "a delta" ]

D

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_180

The change in fur color of the Arctic hare from brown in the summer to white in the winter is an example of

[ "mimicry.", "heredity.", "diversity.", "camouflage." ]

D

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_181

Which sense is used to tell if there is sugar in a glass of tea?

[ "Touch", "Hearing", "Smell", "Taste" ]

D

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_183

All organisms contain DNA and RNA. What are the subunits of DNA and RNA?

[ "simple sugars", "amino acids", "carbohydrates", "nucleotides" ]

D

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_184

How does ice change the shape of rocks?

[ "It dissolves the rocks by pooling on surfaces.", "It breaks the rocks by expanding in openings.", "It smooths the rocks by colliding with them.", "It moves the rocks by pressing on them." ]

B

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_185

Which property of Earth's interior keeps the innermost part in a solid state?

[ "relatively low temperature", "extremely high pressure", "high rate of heat flow", "low rate of radioactive decay" ]

B

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_186

Diseases that can be transmitted between organisms are

[ "infectious.", "inherited.", "environmental.", "congenital." ]

A

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_187

The transfer of thermal energy from one object to another is known as

[ "heat.", "electricity.", "magnetism.", "temperature." ]

A

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_188

Which part of the body carries out the function of copying DNA?

[ "brain", "heart", "bones", "cells" ]

D

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_189

The atomic mass of an atom is

[ "the same as the atomic number.", "the same as the group number.", "the sum of protons and neutrons.", "the difference between protons and electrons." ]

C

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_191

Which scientist is best known for studying plants and animals?

[ "Isaac Newton", "Albert Einstein", "Charles Darwin", "Nicolaus Copernicus" ]

C

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_192

Green plants get the energy they need to make food from

[ "air", "sunlight", "water", "soil" ]

B

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_193

The movement of soil by wind or water is called

[ "condensation", "evaporation", "erosion", "friction" ]

C

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_194

Arctic areas are covered with snow and ice for much of the year. Which color rabbits would be safest from foxes there?

[ "grey", "black", "white", "brown" ]

C

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_195

The ratio of an object's mass to its volume is its

[ "area.", "perimeter.", "density.", "weight." ]

C

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_196

As the hawk population increases in an ecosystem, the deer mouse population will most likely decrease as a result of

[ "decrease in food source.", "increase in disease.", "increase in predators.", "decrease in habitat." ]

C

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_197

Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere trap heat near Earth's surface. Which of these is a greenhouse gas?

[ "nitrogen", "argon", "water vapor", "oxygen" ]

C

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_198

What happens during photosynthesis?

[ "Insects pollinate plants.", "Plants change soil into food energy.", "Animals get carbon dioxide from plants.", "Plants change light energy into food energy." ]

D

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_199

Which is an example of a chemical reaction?

[ "The melting of ice", "The grinding of salt crystals to powder", "The burning of wood", "The evaporation of water from a puddle" ]

C

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_200

A baby kit fox grows to become an adult with a mass of over 3.5 kg. What factor will have the greatest influence on this kit fox's survival?

[ "the size of the fox's ears", "the conditions of the fox's habitat", "the average number of fox offspring", "the social behaviors within the fox population" ]

B

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_202

Which part of a plant produces the seeds?

[ "flower", "leaves", "stem", "roots" ]

A

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_203

Which of the following is found in all living organisms?

[ "cell", "organ", "organ system", "tissue" ]

A

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_204

What is the role of decomposers in a food chain?

[ "They consume other organisms.", "They break down dead organic matter.", "They use the Sun's energy to make food.", "They convert inorganic matter into organic matter." ]

B

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_205

Copernicus changed the way people viewed the solar system by

[ "claiming Earth is in orbit about the Sun.", "inventing, then improving, the telescope.", "writing the theory of the infinite universe.", "showing planetary orbits are elliptical." ]

A

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_206

Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum can humans sense without using equipment or technology?

[ "radio waves", "visible light", "microwaves", "X-rays" ]

B

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_207

The nervous system is composed of cells, tissues, and organs. Which is a cell of the nervous system?

[ "brain", "spinal cord", "ganglion", "neuron" ]

D

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_208

A shallow container of salt water is placed in sunlight for a day. Which is the most likely result?

[ "All of the mixture will evaporate.", "The salt will keep the water from evaporating.", "The salt will separate from the water and float at the top of the container.", "Only the water will evaporate and the salt will remain in the container." ]

D

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_209

Which of these will best separate a saltwater solution?

[ "using a paper filtering system", "using chromatography", "allowing the salt to settle", "allowing the water to evaporate" ]

D

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_210

Mrs. Henderson's class has five small, covered boxes. One contains perfume; another contains dried onions. There is also a box of pine needles, a box of lemon pieces, and a box with a paper towel wet with vanilla flavoring. Which should they do to get the best information about what is in each box?

[ "Shake the boxes.", "Smell the boxes.", "Listen to the boxes.", "Weigh the boxes." ]

B

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_211

Which features are physical properties of an iron nail?

[ "conducts heat, magnetic, solid", "conducts electricity, magnetic, rusts", "conducts sound, insulates, non-magnetic", "dissolves, conducts heat, non-magnetic" ]

A

arceasy

null

arceasy_train_212

Which item would a magnet attract?

[ "iron nail", "wool cloth", "wooden stick", "glass marble" ]

A

arceasy

null