text
stringlengths 5
1.05M
|
|---|
Sexual Harassment at College Attorney
Sexual harassment is illegal when it occurs in college or school. Examples of unlawful sexual harassment at college include when a professor or staff person sexually harasses a student, or even when a student harasses or assaults another student. The federal law that prohibits sexual harassment and assault in schools is Title IX.
Like sexual harassment in the workplace, sexual harassment in school occurs when unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, or verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature is made to create a hostile or offensive educational environment, or is used as a basis for impacting or as a condition of educational decisions.
Under Title IX, schools are required to take certain actions to ensure its students are protected from sexual harassment and know how to make a complaint if sexual harassment occurs. First, schools must disseminate a notice of discrimination. This notice must prohibit sex discrimination (including harassment) and must be widely distributed, available, and accessible to the school community. Second, schools must designate an employee to coordinate Title IX compliance. Contact information of the Coordinator should be available with the school’s nondiscrimination notice. Third, Schools are required to adopt and publish a grievance procedure outlining the complaint, investigation, and disciplinary process for addressing sexual harassment and sexual violence at school.
Talk to a Sexual Harassment Lawyer About Your Case Today
In order to bring a Title IX claim based on sexual harassment, a plaintiff must prove the following:
- That the school exercised substantial control over both the harasser and the context in which the harassment occurred;
- That the plaintiff suffered severe, pervasive, and objectively offensive harassment which deprived her or him of access to all of the educational opportunities or benefits provided by the school.
- The school must have had actual knowledge of the harassment, meaning that a school official who at a minimum has authority to address the discrimination and institute corrective measures had actual knowledge of the discrimination.
- The school must have acted with “deliberate indifference” to the harassment, meaning that the school’s response to the harassment was clearly unreasonable in light of the known circumstances.
- The school’s deliberate indifference must have caused the plaintiff to undergo harassment or made the plaintiff vulnerable to be harassed.
If you are being sexually harassed at school either by your teacher, professor, or another student, it is important for you to take action and talk to a sexual harassment lawyer. As described in this Ebook, you should be sure to write down and collect any evidence you have of the harassment. Make a written report to the Title IX Compliance officer at your school. If you have any questions, be sure to contact a competent and experienced attorney as soon as possible. An experienced lawyer can help guide you through the necessary action steps. |
Honourables, and Fellow Citizens,
The President of the Republic has left the Castle
He has gone to the village
He left around Two Fifteen Post Meridiem
It is sad to know that he will not return
We wish he had not gone
But he went in good spirit,
Leaving behind; a clean seat,
A sharp sword and a high-raised flag
Tears stream down our eyes
The coastal towns are gravely silent
The forest regions are cloudy
And the savanna homeland is windswept
Because the great oak has fallen
We wish it had not fallen
But it did so with grace, and in dignity.
In fond memory of its shade,
And the evergreen foliage, we salute!
Darko Antwi is a regular contributor to One Ghana, One Voice.
If you have a poem in memory of President Mills, please send it to us at oneghanaonevoice(at)gmail(dot)com. |
Rohit Kulshreshtha, Adobe Systems
The size of a test suite for a given functionality increases with introduction of test files. Often, test files are introduced without considering the redundancy they add in terms of code coverage. It is possible that we may get similar code coverage with a smaller set of files.
The codebase may contain a large number of ‘points’ of code coverage that are touched during the execution of the code. Also, the test suite itself may contain a large number of test cases – each exercising a different set of code coverage points. We describe a technique that enables us to find the smallest subset of test cases that exercises the exact same set of code coverage points as the test suite itself. We also demonstrate a prototype of this application that uses code coverage data supplied by a commercially available code coverage tool.
The immediate benefits of such an exercise are:
- One of our test-suites was reduced down to 133 files from their original size of 600 files (down by 78%).
- Developers may use the smaller set to quickly test their new changes.
- Increase in productivity: Regular regression tests takes less time
- Fuzzing for security: Provides a better starting point for fuzzing.
Subset can be identified based on multiple criteria:
- Test Case Count
- Time Taken to execute test cases
- Input Size of test data |
२८वीं सीनियर नेशनल सर्कल कबड्डी चैंपियनशिप के पुरूष एवं महिला, दोनों वर्गों में हरियाणा की टीम विजेता तथा पंजाब की टीम उपविजेता रही।
एमच्योर सर्कल कबड्डी फैडरेशन ऑफ इंडिया द्वारा आयोजित २८वीं सीनियर नेशनल सर्कल कबड्डी चैंपियनशिप के पुरूष एवं महिला, दोनों वर्गों में हरियाणा की टीम विजेता तथा पंजाब की टीम उपविजेता रही।
फैडरेशन के अध्यक्ष एवं हरियाणा के शिक्षा मंत्री श्री रामबिलास शर्मा ने बतौर मुख्य अतिथि चारों टीमों को ट्रॉफी व प्रमाण-पत्र देकर सम्मानित किया। उन्होंने अपने कोष से फैडरेशन को ११ लाख तथा फाइनल में पहुंची चारों टीमों के प्रत्येक खिलाड़ी को ११-११ हजार रूपए का नकद ईनाम भी दिया।
पंजाब विश्वविद्यालय चंडीगढ़ में हुई चैंपियनशिप के फाइनल मुकाबले में महिला वर्ग में हरियाणा की टीम ने पंजाब की टीम को ४५-१९ अंकों के अंतर से तथा पुरूष वर्ग में हरियाणा की टीम ने पंजाब की टीम को ३०-१२ अंकों के अंतर से पराजित किया। चैंपियनशिप में कुल १७ राज्यों की टीमों ने हिस्सा लिया।
इस अवसर पर शिक्षा मंत्री श्री शर्मा ने घोषणा की कि एमच्योर सर्कल कबड्डी फैडरेशन ऑफ इंडिया के बैनर तले अगले वर्ष पंजाब विश्वविद्यालय चंडीगढ़ में कबड्डी का एशिया कप करवाया जाएगा।
उन्होंने विजेता तथा उपविजेता टीम को बधाई देते हुए कहा कि खेल में हार-जीत मायने नहीं रखती,खिलाड़ी को खेल की भावना से खेलना चाहिए। उन्होंने कहा कि हरियाणा सरकार ने खिलाडि़यों के लिए जो खेल नीति बनाई है उससे जहां खिलाडि़यों का हौंसला बढ़ा है वहीं प्रतिभाओं में निखार आया है। उन्होंने सभी खिलाडि़यों से आह्वान किया कि वे केवल जीतने के लिए ही न खेलें बल्कि खेलों से तन व मन भी स्वस्थ रहता है।
इस अवसर पर चंडीगढ़ के उपायुक्त श्री अजीत बालाजी जोशी,पर्यावरणविद्ध श्री बलबीर सिंह सींचेवाल,फैडरेशन के उपाध्यक्ष श्री जे.पी शर्मा,नरेंद्र कंग,दविंदर सिंह बाजवा,सेवानिवृत्त डीजीपी चंद्रशेखर के अलावा खेल जगत की कई हस्तियां मौजूद थी।
विरेंद्र सहवाग और पूर्व एथलीट ऊषा को चयन समिति के लिए नामित किया गया
हरमनप्रीत कौर और मिताली राज को रेलवे में गजेटेड ऑफिसर का पद मिलेगा
गॉल टेस्ट: पहले दिन भारत ने ३ विकेट खोकर ३99 रन बनाए गॉल टेस्ट: पहले दिन लंच तक भारत का स्कोर ११५/१ गॉल टेस्ट: भारत का पहला विकेट गिरा, मुकुंद १2 रन बनाकर आउट
आज शाम ४ बजे होगी बीसीसीआई की विशेष बैठक भारत-श्रीलंका पहला टेस्ट: भारत टॉस जीता, पहले बल्लेबाजी का फैसला
भारतीय महिला क्रिकेट टीम मुंबई पहुंची, एयरपोर्ट पर जोरदार स्वागत
श्रीलंका के खिलाफ पहला टेस्ट मैच खेल सकते हैं ऑलराउंडर हार्दिक पंड्या शिमला: हिमाचल प्रदेश सरकार ने क्रिकेटर सुषमा वर्मा को डस्प रैंक की पेशकश |
?? Following on in the steps of Fossil Friday and Wildlife Wednesday is Marine Monday, where I’ll share marine related finds from along our beautiful coastline. Hidden mainly from view, below the surface of the sea, in the rock pools, under the waves, there is much “going on” underneath.
Today’s post features the Blue Blubber Jelly or Jelly Blubber (Catostylus mosaicus)
A jelly encounter
The sea jelly is made up of 95% water with only 5% being a solid matter, which is why they are lovely to watch in the ocean but then appear blob-like when washed up upon the shore. Jellies are not fish, and therefore no longer referred to as the good old jelly fish, but are sea jellies (or Cnidarians).
They don’t have a backbone (being invertebrate animals), and the general anatomy of jelly’s includes the bell, the tentacles, and the oral arms. Jellies are composed of three layers: an outer layer (epidermis), a middle layer made of a thick, elastic, jelly-like substance called mesoglea; and an inner layer (the gastrodermis). They have limited control over movement, but can use their muscles (the hydrostatic skeleton) to accomplish movement through a pumping action, contraction-pulsations, of the bell-like body, to propel themselves through the water. (Some species of jellies actively swim most of the time while others are passive much of the time.)
Their habitat is the water column. Drifting at the mercy of the currents they often accumulate in large numbers in sheltered bays and estuaries. (The formation of these ‘blooms’ is a complex process that depends on ocean currents, nutrients, temperature and ambient oxygen concentrations.)
Snorkelling along and finding oneself in a bloom (or in a “smack” which is the term for a group of jellies) is a memorable, exhilarating and gentle experience.
The Blue Blubber jelly is the most commonly seen jelly in Victoria and I’ve encountered good numbers in both Geelong and St Leonards.
An elementary nervous system, a “nerve net”, allows sea jellies to smell, detect light, and respond to other stimuli. The simple digestive cavity of a sea jelly acts as both its stomach and intestine. The nutrients are absorbed using the gastrodermal lining of the gastrovascular cavity. Like all members of the phylum Cnidaria (which anemones and corals belong to), the body parts of a sea jelly radiate from a central axis, and it is this radial symmetry that allows jellies to detect and respond to food or danger from any direction. Pretty cool. They do not need a respiratory system since their skin is thin enough that the body is oxygenated by diffusion.
To identify as a Blue Blubber, they will have a noticeable cross (the gastrovascular cavity) visible through the surface of the bell. The bell is rounded, up to 35 cm across, they have eight textured arms (the texture like cauliflower), and each arm has three ‘wings’. They have stinging cells along the arms which help catch prey (being carnivores). Their body, is fleshy, sturdy and fairly opaque. There colour can vary slightly from a creamy white to a bluey-white as produced by the jellies own pigment. (Some sea jellies have symbiotic relationships with algal plant cells that are kept inside their bodies, which create the colour hues. For those jellies, the algae photosynthesise, converting sunlight into energy that can be used by the sea jelly.)
They are either male or female (dioecious). In most jelly species, spawning is controlled by light, so the entire population spawns at about the same time of day, often at either dusk or dawn. To reproduce, both genders release either sperm or eggs into the surrounding water, where the unprotected eggs are fertilized and mature into new organisms.
The lifespan of sea jellies typically ranges from only a few hours up to 6 x months, with most of the large coastal jelly’s, like this one, living for about 2 to 6 months.
There is an interesting theory associated with the noticeable increase in the numbers of jellies in general around the world. Increased nutrients in the water, ascribed to agricultural run off, climate change, pollution, habitat destruction, trash, chemical waste, and overfishing are suggested for seeing increased numbers of jellies. This is due to; ecosystems in which there are high levels of nutrients, provide nourishment for the small organisms, on which jellyfish feed. In waters where there is eutrophication, low oxygen levels often result, favouring jellies as they thrive in less oxygen-rich water than fish can tolerate.
Plastic bags immediately look like sea jellies when in the sea (and in any water). Sea turtles are their natural predator, and whilst the leatherback sea turtle relies on jellies as their main meal, many marine animals including penguins, birds, and crabs, include jellies in their diets.
Large adult sea jellies are often accompanied by small fish which hide amongst their tentacles for protection which is super cool to see.
The Blue Blubber sea jelly lives in Vic (notably in areas such as Port Philip Bay) NSW and QLD. I photographed and videod these examples at St Leonard’s.
The mini photos are parts of various sea jellies as they appear when washed ashore.
Happy sea jelly day to you ? |
It’s easy to get wrapped up in comparing yourself to other people, athletes, or celebrities with bodies that you admire. Especially with the popularization of the “ripped” physique these days, it can be a bit demotivating if you’re naturally skinny or “big-boned”.
Most healthy people can build muscle and lose fat with proper training and nutrition. However, there are certain body type characteristics that you may want to focus on to fully maximize your training efforts. Are you someone with a larger frame and extra body fat? Or maybe you’re a naturally athletic person with noticeable muscle tone? Or perhaps you’re a skinny individual who can eat all day and not put on a pound? Either way, there’s a specific means of training and eating to maximize your efforts and get results.
The 3 main body types
Have you ever taken a second to notice all of the different body shapes out there? Some guys are long and tall with thin arms and legs, while others are short and stalky like little hulks. Well, about 60 years ago, a psychologist named W.H. Sheldon took it one step further and created somatotypes or categories of body types.
According to Sheldon, the 3 main somatotypes for the human physique are ectomorph, mesomorph, and endomorph.
Each body type thrives in different conditions. Super lean and long-limbed people tend to do better with endurance activities. While the more muscular mesomorph body types tend to be more suited for speed, agility, and strength. Let’s not forget the endomorphs who are naturally built to pack on muscle and build strength.
So, it stands to reason that since each body type embodies different characteristics they all respond differently to various training stimuli and nutritional guidelines. If you’ve ever wondered why your friend can do a specific ab workout and get crazy results, but then you do the same ab workout and seem to just gain more abdominal fat then it may benefit you to figure out what your body type is and cater to your strengths.
Ectomorph body type
People who fall into the ectomorph category are generally slim, don’t store much body fat, and have longer limbs and muscle bellies. This body type is often referred to as a “hard-gainer”. People who are ectomorphs have higher metabolisms and therefore are constantly burning calories, which makes it difficult to create and hold onto muscle gains.
Typical ectomorph characteristics
- High metabolism
- Low body fat
- Harder to gain muscle
- Smaller frame (narrow hips and shoulders)
- Small or stringy muscle bellies
- Long limbs
- Excels at endurance
Am I an ectomorph?
If you answer yes to most of these questions, then you probably are.
- Are your hips wider than your shoulders?
- Do you have small joints– can you wrap your thumb and middle finger around your wrist so that they’re overlapping?
- Are your forearms and calves very slender?
- Do you eat a lot of food and still have a hard time gaining weight?
- Bruce Lee
- Manny Pacquiao
- Frank Zane
- Michael Phelps
- Lance Armstrong
- Usain Bolt
Ectomorph training and performance
Ectomorphs are often described as skinny. However, that doesn’t mean that you can’t gain strength and size. You’ll just need to follow some training principles that are specific to your body type.
If you are an ectomorph, you tend to perform better at endurance-based sports such as gymnastics, swimming, and long-distance running. This is due to having less lean body mass, which is common among endurance athletes.
The ectomorph body type also predisposes you to be able to regulate your core temperature better, which is an advantage for those partaking in endurance activities. If you look at a long-distance runner, they tend to be long and slender rather than bulky and muscular.
This isn’t to say that an endurance athlete can’t be muscular, of course. It’s just harder to maintain large amounts of muscle when you’re training your body to get better at endurance. This is why it’s helpful to balance it with strength training, proper nutrition, and supplements.
A person with ectomorph characteristics who wants to build muscle would benefit from heavy, compound, multi-joint movements because they send the strongest muscle-building signals. These include big lifts like:
You’ll want to aim for a rep range anywhere from 3-8 reps if you’re lifting heavy and trying to build strength and size. Exercise caution here though, as ectomorphic body types are more prone to injury due to their thinner frame.
Especially while using lower reps to build muscle, you’ll want to also use longer rest periods so that you can push hard through your sets. Rest times should be anywhere from 90 seconds to 3 minutes if you’re doing heavy compound movements to build size and strength.
Ectomorphs also handle high-intensity training better than the other body types. If this is you, then you can probably tolerate HIIT well, and will also benefit from higher exercise volume (more sets and reps).
While ectomorphs are more suited for endurance activities, it would be more advantageous to focus on resistance training to build strength and muscle mass. Avoid doing large amounts of cardio as this sends a signal to the body to eliminate some of your muscle.
Ectomorph diet and nutrition
As hard-gainers, ectomorphs can eat and eat, and still struggle with weight gain whether it be fat or muscle. A diet high in carbs and protein will result in more lean body mass gains. Aim for a high ratio of carbs, upwards of about 50-60% if your goal is to build muscle. Some of the best starchy carb options include oats, rice, quinoa, sweet potato, whole grain pasta, and beans.
Protein should also be a dietary focus. Try to consume a high-quality protein source at every meal. High-quality protein sources include fish, meat, whey, and casein protein shakes, nuts, etc.
There are also high-calorie weight-gainer protein shakes that pack way more calories, fat, and carbohydrates than the average protein powder. These can be an option if you find that you’re having a hard time eating enough food and need to supplement with more protein and calories.
Example of ectomorph macros: carbs: 55%, protein: 25%, fat: 20%
Mesomorph body type
This body type is essentially in the middle of the spectrum with a medium frame or build, and is often described as muscular or toned. A mesomorph is shaped more like a wedge with wider shoulders and clavicles, narrowing into a smaller waist.
Mesomorphic bodies gain and lose weight easily. However, if you’re not careful the fat gain can creep up on you out of nowhere. So it’s essential to make sure you’re eating a balanced diet and training regularly.
As a mesomorph, you’re genetically predisposed to athleticism. With a medium frame, propensity for building lean muscle and maintaining a lower body fat percentage, mesomorphic athletes excel at speed, strength and agility activities. These include sports like soccer, hockey, Olympic weightlifting, and even rugby and bodybuilding.
Typical mesomorph characteristics
- Lean and toned, muscle definition
- Medium frame, with rectangular or wedge shape (wider shoulders and narrow waist)
- Long and round muscle bellies
- Excel in strength and athleticism
- Muscular arms and legs
- Gains and lose weight easily
Am I a mesomorph?
If you answer yes to most of these questions, then you probably are.
- Are your hips and shoulders about the same width?
- Do you build muscle and notice definition easily?
- Are your forearms and calves moderately sized (not very small or large)?
- Do you find it easy to both gain and lose weight?
- Arnold Schwarzenegger
- Jackie Chan
- Jay Cutler
- Terrell Owens
Mesomorph training and performance
This body type does very well when it comes to strength and endurance sports. The ability to maintain a low body fat percentage, gain muscle and tolerate endurance activities while also being able to get strong makes them ideal athletes. Many high-performance athletes have predominantly mesomorphic characteristics.
If you fit the mesomorph profile, it’s recommended that you find a balance between cardio or aerobic activities and resistance training. While it’s considerably easier for a mesomorph to build muscle compared to an ectomorph, it will still take some effort to put on muscle and keep it.
If you’re a mesomorph you’ll be able to tolerate powerlifting style workouts quite well.
For training and performance you’ll want to focus on:
- Heavy compound exercises
- Traditional powerlifting
- Olympic lifts
- Bodybuilder style workouts
- Moderate cardio (about three to four 30-minute sessions a week)
- Keep your rest times at around 90 seconds or less.
A mesomorph will do well with higher weight and lower reps since they have a good frame for supporting muscle growth, and handle cardio well. It will benefit you to include rep ranges of 1-5 reps in your training if you want to see big strength and size improvements quickly. Mesomorphs also respond exceptionally to a hypertrophy rep range of 8-12.
It isn’t essential for mesomorphs to go overboard on cardio. However, implementing a good balance of cardio with your weightlifting will help to keep body fat levels regulated. Although mesomorphic body types don’t store a lot of fat, it can creep up on you if you’re not training properly and eating right consistently.
Mesomorph diet and nutrition
Mesomorphs thrive when consuming a more balanced macro split. This means that if you’re a mesomorph you tolerate carbs, fats, and proteins equally well. You may not want to consume as many carbs as an ectomorph, as that can contribute to fat storage if not balanced by adequate physical activity. Keep your carbs between 20-50% of your total caloric intake.
Focus on getting the bulk of your calories from protein, since this will help to support your muscle growth and maintenance, and keep your metabolism revved up. Eat a balanced diet full of healthy fats, fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and high-quality protein sources to promote your energy levels and maximize your training results.
Example of mesomorph macros: carbs: 40%, protein: 35%, fat: 25%
Endomorph body type
Endomorphic body types tend to be softer with less definition, mostly due to a higher body fat percentage. Building muscle isn’t so much a struggle as fat loss is for endomorphs. If you’re trying to pack on as much muscle as possible, then a larger frame like that of an endomorph is exactly what you want.
Despite holding onto adipose tissue, or fat, more readily than an ectomorph or mesomorph, endomorphs are very well suited for strength activities. The ability to gain weight easily means huge mass gains and phenomenal strength improvements when proper programming is applied.
Many professional strongmen and powerlifters have dominant endomorph traits that make them perfect for putting up ridiculous amounts of weight. They have a good foundation to build upon in that they have thicker, more robust joints and a larger frame that holds muscle well.
Someone with an endomorph body type will usually be shorter in stature, with shorter arms and legs, and a thicker rib cage. They tend to have a boxier shape due to having wide shoulders and a thicker waist. If you tend to store a lot of fat on your body, particularly your upper arms and thighs, then you may be an endomorph.
Typical endomorph characteristics
- Wide hips and shoulders
- More difficult to lose body fat
- Bulky, round, soft
- Large frame with thicker forearms and calves
- Usually shorter in height
- Shorter limbs
Am I an ectomorph?
If you answer yes to most of these questions, then you probably are.
- Are your shoulders wider than your hips?
- Do you have large joints? (if you wrap your index finger and thumb around your wrist can you get them to touch or overlap? if they don’t even touch you probably have larger joints)
- Do you have thick forearms and calves?
- Do you gain weight easily but find it hard to lose fat?
- Chris Pratt
- Marilyn Monroe
- Lee Priest
- Vince Wilfork
- Benedikt Magnusson
Endomorph training and performance
Endomorphs have a great frame to support heavy lifting and do very well in pure strength sports like powerlifting. Endomorphic body types make great rugby athletes and offensive linemen. However, being able to build and maintain muscle mass makes it easy to pack on the pounds and not so easy to lose them.
Endomorphs tend to gain fat along with muscle gains, so it’s important to make sure you’re following a solid training program.
If you’re an endomorph, you’ll benefit from:
- Compound and isolation exercises
- Heavy lifting
- More cardio than the other 2 body types
- Circuit training
Endomorphic athletes have a greater lung capacity than their often smaller framed counterparts, the ectomorphs and mesomorphs. This makes them well suited for rowing and other endurance-strength sports.
Whether you’re trying to lose weight or not, cardio should be a staple in your fitness regimen. Regular cardio will strengthen your heart and make you healthier, in addition to preventing excess fat gain as you’re building muscle.
Endomorph diet and nutrition
Endomorphs have a tendency to be more insulin resistant which means that you may not tolerate carbs as well as the other body types. Instead of consuming lots of starchy carbs, focus on eating lots of fruits and vegetables, and consuming adequate protein and healthy fats.
To prevent fat gain, keep your carbohydrates in the low to moderate range at about 10-40% depending on your goals. If you’re trying to lose fat, then you’ll want to aim for about 10-20% carbs. For gaining muscle you’ll want to eat more carbs to support your glycogen stores and protein synthesis. Aim for about 30-40% of carbs as part of your caloric intake if you want to build more mass.
Protein and fat will make up the remainder of your calories. You generally don’t want to let your dietary fats to drop below 15% as you need them for basic life processes like hormone production. If you’re eating fewer carbs then you’ll want to balance it by increasing your fat intake upwards of 40% of your daily calories.
Some good healthy fat options include olive and coconut oil, avocados, various nuts like almonds, walnuts, pecans and peanuts, nut butters, seeds, and fatty fish like salmon.
Protein should range between 25-50% of your calories and come from lean sources to prevent fat gain. Some high-quality lean protein sources include wild game meats like venison, rabbit, and bison. Other options for protein are powder supplements like whey, casein and egg protein, whole eggs, tofu and tempeh, beans and legumes, nuts and seeds, milk, chicken, turkey, lean beef and fish. If you’re on the go a lot, protein bars are an excellent choice to get your protein in during the day.
Example of endomorph macros: carbs: 30%, protein: 40%, fat: 30%
A combination of body types
The original body type classifications are a bit extreme, so most people don’t fit perfectly into one category. Instead, the majority of people fall somewhere along a spectrum between two of the body types. Most people tend to lean more toward one classification while also sharing characteristics with another, such as an ecto-mesomorph or an endo-mesomorph.
It is possible to look like one body type but respond to training as another body type would. If you are more of an in-between body type, it’s important to focus on your strengths and pay attention to what is and isn’t working.
For example, you could be an endomorph and have a larger frame but mostly store weight in your upper body. This would mean that your legs and glutes are pretty lean and potentially well defined while you tend to carry more fat in your torso and upper arms. If you were to overconsume carbohydrates you’d run the risk of gaining more fat on your upper body.
A more effective approach would be to focus on compound movements for your upper body. This will help you to build more muscle and increase muscle definition while speeding up your metabolism to help burn off some of the fat.
Another example would be an ectomorph who has a small frame but builds muscle easily like a mesomorph. In this case, it’s important to focus on form and gradual strength progressions to prevent injury and potential overload.
Smart training principles, safe technique, and proper nutrient goals will help you to maximize your body’s natural abilities. Regardless of which body type category you fit into, moderation, consistency, and balance are the keys to success. |
Acta Cryst. (2013). E69, m179-m180 [ doi:10.1107/S1600536813004947 ]
Abstract: The title salt, [CoBr(C11H27N5)]Br2·2H2O, contains a complex cation with mirror symmetry and two Br- counter-anions that are likewise located on the mirror plane. The central CoIII atom of the complex cation has one Br- ion in an axial position, one N atom of the pentadentate macrocyclic ligand in the other axial position and four N atoms of the ligand in equatorial positions, defining a distorted octahedral coordination geometry. The macrocyclic ligand is coordinated to the CoIII atom within a 5, 6, 5 arrangement of chelate rings in the equatorial plane of the four N atoms. Due to symmetry, the configuration of the chiral N atoms is 1RS, 4SR, 10RS, 13SR. In the crystal, N-HBr, O-HBr and N-HO hydrogen bonds between the complex cation, anions and lattice water molecules generate a three-dimensional network.
Hyper-Text Markup Language (HTML) file
Tagged Image Format File (TIF) image
To open or display or play some files, you may need to set your browser up to use the appropriate software. See the full list of file types for an explanation of the different file types and their related mime types and, where available links to sites from where the appropriate software may be obtained.
The download button will force most browsers to prompt for a file name to store the data on your hard disk.
Where possible, images are represented by thumbnails.
Copyright © International Union of Crystallography |
I've been working on implementing code from papers such as The Slab Allocator: An Object-Caching Kernel Memory Allocator. This has kind of got me wondering now... How do these guys get these papers published?
The closest I've gotten in my search for this answer is the IETF's RFCs, but what if your paper doesn't discuss an Internet-related concept? And if it's not too much to ask (there's got to be someone here who knows), how difficult is it to actually be published? Do you have to present a new idea, or can you compare and contrast several existing ideas (where discussion does not already exist)?
This question seems to have come up before, but I'd like to know from a perspective that does not focus only on GC, but on a broader scale. For the record I don't actually have a paper, I'm more interested in the work involved and the avenues through which papers are published. |
import gevent
import os
import random
import shutil
import tempfile
import unittest2
import zerorpc
from raven.base import Client
from raven.contrib.zerorpc import SentryMiddleware
class TempStoreClient(Client):
def __init__(self, servers=None, **kwargs):
self.events = []
super(TempStoreClient, self).__init__(servers=servers, **kwargs)
def send(self, **kwargs):
self.events.append(kwargs)
class ZeroRPCTest(unittest2.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
self._socket_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix='ravenzerorpcunittest')
self._server_endpoint = 'ipc://{0}'.format(os.path.join(
self._socket_dir, 'random_zeroserver'
))
self._sentry = TempStoreClient()
zerorpc.Context.get_instance().register_middleware(SentryMiddleware(
client=self._sentry
))
self._server = zerorpc.Server(random)
self._server.bind(self._server_endpoint)
gevent.spawn(self._server.run)
self._client = zerorpc.Client()
self._client.connect(self._server_endpoint)
def test_zerorpc_middleware(self):
try:
self._client.choice([])
except zerorpc.exceptions.RemoteError as ex:
self.assertEqual(ex.name, 'IndexError')
self.assertEqual(len(self._sentry.events), 1)
exc = self._sentry.events[0]['sentry.interfaces.Exception']
self.assertEqual(exc['type'], 'IndexError')
frames = self._sentry.events[0]['sentry.interfaces.Stacktrace']['frames']
self.assertEqual(frames[0]['function'], 'choice')
self.assertEqual(frames[0]['module'], 'random')
return
self.fail('An IndexError exception should have been raised an catched')
def tearDown(self):
self._client.close()
self._server.close()
shutil.rmtree(self._socket_dir, ignore_errors=True)
|
A Short History
Sinclair Lewis was born February 7, 1885. His place of birth was Sauk Centre, Minnesota. During the year of 1920, Sinclair published the book Main Street. The story centered around a girl in a droll marriage and her attempts to liven up her town. In 1922 Sinclair went on to publish the book Babbit. This book focused on the character George F. Babbit. This character was known for his lack of morals and his stupidity. Yet the character still remained well loved. His other books from the twenty's are as follows: Arrowsmith (1925), Elmer Gantry (1927), and Dodsworth (1929). In 1930 Sinclair was the first American to win the Nobel Prize for Literature. Sinclair died January 10, 1951, due to a heart attack in a small clinic just outside of Rome, Italy. |
Deception Pass is a narrow, tidal passage between Fidalgo Island on the north and Whidbey Island on the south in Skagit and Island counties. It is subject to strong tides and perilous to inexperienced navigators. In 1790, this feature was named Boca de Flon by Manuel Quimper. The same name was charted by Juan Francisco de Eliza. In 1792, Capt. George Vancouver named it Port Gardner, not knowing that the channel was open at the west end. When Joseph Whidbey of his command found the western outlet, Vancouver renamed it Deception Passage, because he had been deceived as to its nature. In 1841, Cmdr. Charles Wilkes used Vancouver’s name on his charts. The name has since been shortened to its present form. |
input1=input("Enter your message: ") #user input of string
plain=input1 #reassign variable
firsthalf = "" #initializing the firsthalf variable
secondhalf = "" #initializing the secondhalf variable
placeholder = 0 #starting at place 0 of string, which is the first character
for c in plain: #forloop for string
if placeholder % 2 == 0: #determines if index place is even
firsthalf = firsthalf + c #adds character to variable firsthalf (counter)
else:
secondhalf = secondhalf + c #if index place is not even (odd) then adds characters to variable secondhalf
placeholder = placeholder + 1 #counter for index place
cipher= firsthalf + secondhalf #concantenates the first half and second half of the enciphered message
print('plain = "%s"; cipher = "%s"' %(plain,cipher)) #formatted in print form
|
The Political American Dream: Reimagining American Optimism in Political, Not Economic, Terms
Author: Colleen Mitchell
This paper seeks to understand the American Dream in more political and less economic terms. The political American Dream presents a more collective understanding of the American Dream that prioritizes the principles of the Declaration of Independence: freedom, equality, and union. Such a political understanding can be found in the writings of Abraham Lincoln, Martin Luther King, Jr., and Barack Obama; they believed that the principles of the Declaration have the power to bring together Americans, particularly American racial minorities and immigrants. This paper contends that a political understanding of the American Dream can better unite Americans and contribute to contemporary debates about immigration policy.
Colleen Mitchell is a Ph.D. Candidate in Political Science and a Gender Studies Minor at the University of Notre Dame. Her work focuses on Ancient and Early Modern Political Thought, as well as Politics and Literature and Gender and Politics. She is currently working on her dissertation, “The Political Lessons of Rome: Augustine and Machiavelli on the Eternal City.” |
Вы находитесь на странице: 1из 18
# Beams
## Shear & Moment Diagrams
E. Evans
2/9/06
Beams
• Members that are slender and support
loads applied perpendicular to their
longitudinal axis.
## Distributed Load, w(x) Concentrated Load, P
Longitudinal
Axis
Span, L
Types of Beams
• Depends on the support configuration
FH
Pin
FV
FV
FH Fixed
Roller
M
Fv Roller Pin
FH
FV FV
Statically Indeterminate Beams
Continuous Beam
Propped Cantilever
Beam
## • Can you guess how we find the “extra”
reactions?
Internal Reactions in Beams
• At any cut in a beam, there are 3 possible
internal reactions required for equilibrium:
– normal force,
– shear force,
– bending moment.
P
a b
L
Internal Reactions in Beams
• At any cut in a beam, there are 3 possible
internal reactions required for equilibrium:
– normal force,
– shear force,
– bending moment. Positive Directions
Shown!!!
Left Side of Cut M
N
Pb/L V
x
Internal Reactions in Beams
• At any cut in a beam, there are 3 possible
internal reactions required for equilibrium:
– normal force,
– shear force,
– bending moment. Positive Directions
Shown!!!
M V Right Side of Cut
N
Pa/L
L-x
Finding Internal Reactions
• Pick left side of the cut:
– Find the sum of all the vertical forces to the
left of the cut, including V. Solve for shear, V.
– Find the sum of all the horizontal forces to the
left of the cut, including N. Solve for axial
force, N. It’s usually, but not always, 0.
– Sum the moments of all the forces to the left
of the cut about the point of the cut. Include
M. Solve for bending moment, M
• Pick the right side of the cut:
– Same as above, except to the right of the cut.
Example: Find the internal reactions at
points indicated. All axial force reactions
are zero. Points are 2-ft apart.
P = 20 kips
1 2 3 4 5 8 9 10
6 7
8 kips 12 kips
12 ft
20 ft
## Point 6 is just left of P and Point 7 is just right of P.
P = 20 kips
1 2 3 4 5 8 9 10
6 7
8 kips 12 kips
12 ft
20 ft
8 kips
V x
(kips)
-12 kips
96
80
64 72
48 48
32
16 24
M x
(ft-kips)
V & M Diagrams P = 20 kips
8 kips 12 kips
12 ft
20 ft
8 kips
V
(kips) x
## What is the slope -12 kips
of this line? 96 ft-kips What is the slope
96 ft-kips/12’ = 8 kips b of this line?
-12 kips
M a c
(ft-kips) x
V & M Diagrams P = 20 kips
8 kips 12 kips
12 ft
20 ft
8 kips
V
(kips) x
## What is the area of
the blue rectangle? -12 kips
96 ft-kips What is the area of
96 ft-kips the green rectangle?
b
-96 ft-kips
M a c
(ft-kips) x
Draw Some Conclusions
• The magnitude of the shear at a point
equals the slope of the moment diagram at
that point.
• The area under the shear diagram
between two points equals the change in
moments between those two points.
• At points where the shear is zero, the
moment is a local maximum or minimum.
The Relationship Between Load, Shear and
Bending Moment
## w ( x ) the load function
V( x ) w ( x )dx
M( x ) V( x )dx
Common Relationships
0 Constant Linear
Load
Shear
## Linear Parabolic Cubic
Moment
Common Relationships
0 0 Constant
Load M
Shear
## Linear Linear Parabolic
Moment
Example: Draw Shear & Moment
diagrams for the following beam
12 kN 8 kN
A C
D
B
1m 3m 1m
RA = 7 kN RC = 13 kN
12 kN 8 kN
A C
D
B
1m 3m 1m
7 8
7 8
V
(kN) -15
-5
7
M
(kN-m)
2.4 m -8 |
Evaluation of Subsidy Programmes
This research group focuses on two main research questions: (i) What is the causal effect of cooperative innovation activities on the performance of firms and regions? (ii) What are the causal effects of public Research and Development (R&D) support schemes on the performance of firms and regions? The first research question concerns the dynamics of firms and regions as a result of their different innovation activities. We apply a micro-based integrative perspective on innovative activities which allows identifying causal effects of cooperative activities on specific outcomes (e. g., patent applications, scientific publications, employment growth, or productivity growth). Concerning the second research question, recent studies mainly focus on the evaluation of one specific subsidy scheme. Research in this group aims to overcome this shortcoming by considering various support schemes. Indicators for the firms’ success are (amongst others) patent applications and employment growth. The results allow insights for the future design of innovation support schemes.
Research ClusterInstitutions and Social Norms
09.2019 ‐ 09.2022
Establishing Evidence-based Evaluation Methods for Subsidy Programmes in Germany (EVA-KULT)
European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)
The project aims at expanding the Centre for Evidence-based Policy Advice at the Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH-CEP).
01.2018 ‐ 12.2020
Networked growth - Innovative Saxony-Anhalt through digital business models (Competence Center 4.0)
Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy (BMWI)
01.2017 ‐ 12.2018
Political Participation in Eastern Germany
Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy (BMWI)
12.2015 ‐ 11.2018
Socio-economic Effects of Research on Innovative Approaches for POC Diagnostics
Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
Part of the EXASENS project. Coordinated by the Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) in Jena, nine Leibniz institutes are working together on researching point-of-care (POC) technology for the prediction and diagnosis of chronic inflammatory respiratory diseases. See press release.
02.2017 ‐ 02.2018
The Importance of Non-University Research Institutions for the Development of Firms and Regions (Be_For_Reg-Projekt)
Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
01.2015 ‐ 12.2016
Evaluation of the "Joint Task 'Improving the Regional Economic Structure'" in the Federal State of Saxony-Anhalt
A Systemic View on Knowledge-based Development Metrics
in: International Journal of Knowledge-Based Development, No. 1, 2012
Drawing on the systems perspective of innovation processes, this article proposes a conceptual approach for a comprehensive analysis of regional knowledge generation and transfer. Instead of focusing on one single indicator, the approach emphasizes the importance to take multiple channels of knowledge transfer into account. This provides valuable insights into the spatial structure of innovation processes on different levels. We disentangle the innovation process and consider four different layers: i.) publications in peer-reviewed journals, ii.) patent applications, iii.) formal R&D collaboration projects, the iv.) localized input-output relations. Further, we demonstrate the relevance of the „multi-layer approach‟ by applying it empirically to a specific regional innovation system: The Free State of Saxony – a federal state in Germany. We argue that the approach could be a valuable tool to inform policy-makers about knowledge-based regional development strategies.
The Identification of Regional Industrial Clusters Using Qualitative Input-Output Analysis (QIOA)
in: Regional Studies, No. 1, 2011
The 'cluster theory' has become one of the main concepts promoting regional competitiveness, innovation, and growth. As most empirical applications focus on measures of concentration of one industrial branch in order to identify regional clusters, the appropriate analysis of specific vertical relations is developing in this discussion. This paper tries to identify interrelated sectors via national input-output tables with the help of minimal flow analysis (MFA). The regionalization of these national industry templates is carried out with the allocation of branch-specific production values on regional employment. As a result, the paper shows concentrations of vertical clusters in only 27 of 439 German Nomenclature des Unite´s Territoriales Statistiques (NUTS)-3 regions.
Economic Structure and Regional Performance in Germany, 2002-2007
in: European Planning Studies, No. 2, 2012
This paper explores the impact of industrial clusters on regional growth at the German labour market region level using a regional convergence model. Based on the results of an exploratory study of the geography of German industrial clusters, we are able to differentiate the impact of industrial clustering from a horizontal and a vertical perspective while taking regional convergence into consideration. The results indicate that in addition to an all-German process of convergence, a specific East German one can be identified. The different types of industrial clusters show mixed effects within this framework. While vertically isolated industrial clusters have a negative impact on regional growth in this period, positive growth effects can be identified when industrial clusters show an intra-regional vertical interconnectedness.
Identifying Industrial Clusters from a Multidimensional Perspective: Methodical Aspects with an Application to Germany
in: Papers in Regional Science, No. 2, 2011
If regional development agencies assume the cluster concept to be an adequate framework to promote regional growth and competitiveness, it is necessary to identify industrial clusters in a comprehensive manner. Previous studies used a diversity of methods to identify the predominant concentrations of economic activity in one industrial sector in a region. This paper is based on a multidimensional approach developed by Titze et al. With the help of the combination of concentration measures and input–output methods they were able to identify horizontal and vertical dimensions of industrial clusters. This paper aims to refine this approach by using a superior measure of spatial concentration and by integrating information about spatial interdependence of industrial cluster structures to contribute to a more adequate framework for industrial cluster identification.
Die Identifikation horizontaler und vertikaler industrieller Clusterstrukturen in Deutschland – Ein neues Verfahren und erste empirische Ergebnisse
in: Raumforschung und Raumordnung, No. 5, /6 2009
. If regional development agencies assume the cluster concept to be an adequate framework to promote regional growth and competitiveness, it is necessary to identify industrial clusters in a comprehensive manner. Previous studies used a diversity of methods starting with specific regional case studies, input-output methods and different concentration measures. This article presents a new instrument in empirical cluster research – the Qualitative Input-Output Analysis –, which offers the possibility to identify industrial cluster in conjunction with concentration measures. Especially, this method allows the combination of an identified critical mass of regional firms with the necessity of interaction of these firms within an input-output framework. Applying this method to Germany’s “Arbeitsmarktregionen” we find that 103 “Arbeitsmarkregionen“ show first signs of horizontal industrial clusters, while only 28 regions are able to attract vertical industrial clusters. 139 “Arbeitsmarktregionen” did not show signs of industrial clusters according to the research design.
Do Manufacturing Firms Benefit from Services FDI? – Evidence from Six New EU Member States
in: IWH Discussion Papers, No. 5, 2015
This paper focuses on the effect of foreign presence in the services sector on the productivity growth of downstream customers in the manufacturing sector in six EU new member countries in the course of their accession to the European Union. For this purpose, the analysis combines firm-level information, data on economic structures and annual national input-output tables. The findings suggest that services FDI may enhance productivity of manufacturing firms in Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries through vertical forward spillovers, and thereby contribute to their competitiveness. The consideration of firm characteristics shows that the magnitude of spillover effects depends on size, ownership structure, and initial productivity level of downstream firms as well as on the diverging technological intensity across sector on the supply and demand side. The results suggest that services FDI foster productivity of domestic rather than foreign controlled firms in the host economy. For the period between 2003 and 2008, the findings suggest that the increasing share of services provided by foreign affiliates enhanced the productivity growth of domestic firms in manufacturing by 0.16%. Furthermore, the firms’ absorptive capability and the size reduce the spillover effect of services FDI on the productivity of manufacturing firms. A sectoral distinction shows that firms at the end of the value chain experience a larger productivity growth through services FDI, whereas the aggregate positive effect seems to be driven by FDI in energy supply. This does not hold for science-based industries, which are spurred by foreign presence in knowledge-intensive business services.
Isolation and Innovation – Two Contradictory Concepts? Explorative Findings from the German Laser Industry
in: IWH Discussion Papers, No. 1, 2015
We apply a network perspective and study the emergence of core-periphery (CP) structures in innovation networks to shed some light on the relationship between isolation and innovation. It has been frequently argued that a firm’s location in a densely interconnected network area improves its ability to access information and absorb technological knowledge. This, in turn, enables a firm to generate new products and services at a higher rate compared to less integrated competitors. However, the importance of peripheral positions for innovation processes is still a widely neglected issue in literature. Isolation may provide unique conditions that induce innovations which otherwise may never have been invented. Such innovations have the potential to lay the ground for a firm’s pathway towards the network core, where the industry’s established technological knowledge is assumed to be located. The aim of our paper is twofold. Firstly, we propose a new CP indicator and apply it to analyze the emergence of CP patterns in the German laser industry. We employ publicly funded Research and Development (R&D) cooperation project data over a period of more than two decades. Secondly, we explore the paths on which firms move from isolated positions towards the core (and vice versa). Our exploratory results open up a number of new research questions at the intersection between geography, economics and network research.
Does Proximity Matter in the Choice of Partners in Collaborative R&D Projects? – An Empirical Analysis of Granted Projects in Germany
in: IWH Discussion Papers, No. 12, 2014
This paper contributes to the discussion on the importance of physical distance in the emergence of cross-region collaborative Research and Development (R&D) interactions. The proximity theory, and its extensions, is used as a theoretical framework. A spatial interaction model for count data was implemented for the empirical analysis of German data from the period from 2005 to 2010. The results show that all tested proximity measurements (geographical, cognitive, social and institutional proximity) have a significant positive influence on collaboration intensity. The proximity paradox, however, cannot be confirmed for geographical, social and institutional proximity, but for cognitive proximity.
Is Subsidizing Companies in Difficulties an Optimal Policy? An Empirical Study on the Effectiveness of State Aid in the European Union
in: IWH Discussion Papers, No. 9, 2014
Even though state aid in order to rescue or restructure ailing companies is regularly granted by European governments, it is often controversially discussed. The aims for rescuing companies are manifold and vary from social, industrial and even political considerations. Well-known examples are Austrian Airlines (Austria) or MG Rover (Great Britain). Yet, this study aims to answer the question whether state aid is used effectively and whether the initial aim why aid has been paid has been reached, i.e. the survival of the company. By using data on rescued companies in the EU and applying a survival analysis, this paper investigates the survival rates of these companies up to 15 years after the aid has been paid. In addition, the results are compared to the survival rates of non-rescued companies which have also been in difficulties. The results suggest that despite the financial support, business failure is often only post-poned; best survival rates have firms with long-term restructuring, enterprises in Eastern Europe, smaller firms and mature companies. However, non-funded companies have an even higher ratio to go bankrupt.
Related Variety, Unrelated Variety and Regional Functions: A spatial panel approach
in: Papers in Evolutionary Economic Geography, 2013
The paper presents estimates for the impact of related variety, unrelated variety and the functions a region performs in the production process on regional employment growth in Germany. We argue that regions benefit from the existence of related activities that facilitate economic development. Thereby the sole reliance of the related and unrelated variety concept on standard industrial classifications (SIC) remains debatable. We offer estimations for establishing that conceptual progress can be made when the focus of analysis goes beyond solely considering industries. We develop an industry-function based approach of related and unrelated variety and test our hypothesis by the help of spatial panel approach. Our findings suggest that related variety as same as unrelated variety facilitate regional employment growth in Germany. However, the drivers behind these effects do differ. While the positive effect of related variety is driven by high degrees of relatedness in the regional “R&D” and “White-Collar”-functions, the effects of unrelated variety are spurred by “Blue Collar”-functions in this period. |
What kid doesn’t like animals!? In this ABC Order Center, you’ll find sets of animals cards grouped together by animal habitat/type.
Some sets have animals that all begin with a different letter, and others have two or three words that begin with the same letter. Putting things in alphabetical order is one of those skills that was never a big focus in any curriculum//standards I used, but it would ALWAYS pop up on assessments. This is part of the reason why I created ABC Order Centers in the first place. Included in the center are various recording sheets/writing pages so you can differentiate basked on your student’s needs and abilities. I LOVE including the writing pages because it never hurts to squeeze in writing practice wherever you can!
There are twelve sets of animal cards included. Each set is labeled and color coded to keep them together easily. You could, of course, mix them up to create your own unique sets.
The types of animals that are included are:
- Ocean Animals
- Farm Animals
- Pond Animals
- Forest Animals
- Arctic Animals
- Desert Animals
- African Animals
- Asian Animals
- Australian Animals
- Rainforest Animals
- and Bugs
This resource can be used:
- As a classroom literacy center
- As an independent or early-finisher activity
- As a whole group way to introduce ABC order
- As a small group activity
- A supplemental activity to a science or animal unit of study
It can be used by teachers in a classroom or small group setting or by homeschoolers or parents looking for a fun way to practice alphabetizing and writing.
Students will select a set of animal cards and then arrange them in alphabetical order. They will then record their answers on any one of the recording sheets. Some of the recording sheets have a place to write the words in ABC order, write sentences for each animal, and illustrate a picture to match a sentence. There is also one bonus practice page where students alphabetize groups of animal related words. |
from bit import *
def pairwise_swap(n):
"""Perform a pairwise swap for odd-even bits in the number with as few instructions as possible.
eg. swap 0 and 1, 2 and 3, etc..."""
mask = 0
for i in range(0, 64, 2):
mask += 2 ** i
# Odd numbers
odds = mask & n
# Even numbers
evens = (mask << 1) & n
# Do swap
swap = logical_right_shift(evens) | odds << 1
print(swap)
pairwise_swap(477) |
def ebob(number1,number2):
temp = 0
if(number1>=number2):
for i in range(1,number2+1):
if(number2%i == 0 and number1%i==0):
if(temp<i): temp = i
else:
if (number2 > number1):
for i in range(1, number1+1):
if (number2 % i == 0 and number1 % i == 0):
if (temp < i): temp = i
return temp
num1 = int(input("Birinci Sayiyi Giriniz:"))
num2 = int(input("Ikinci Sayiyi Giriniz:"))
print("E.B.O.B:{}".format(ebob(num1,num2))) |
जन्म अगस्त 1981 में अंग्रेजी शहर बर्मिंघम में, वेस्ट मिडलैंड्स क्षेत्र में स्थित था। वह विश्वविद्यालय गए और अपनी विश्वविद्यालय अवधि के दौरान एक कपड़े की दुकान में काम किया। उन्होंने 2012 में 29 साल की उम्र में पोर्न इंडस्ट्री में प्रवेश किया, एक पार्टी में पोर्न अभिनेता कीरन ली से मिलने के बाद, जिन्होंने उन्हें एक निर्माता, ब्रेज़्ज़र्स के हाथों अपनी किस्मत आज़माने के लिए आमंत्रित किया, जिसके साथ उनका एक अनुबंध था। लखनऊ: उत्तर प्रदेश में तबलीगी जमात के 1203 लोगों को अब तक चिन्हित किया गया है और उनमें से 897 लोगों का चिकित्सकीय परीक्षण कराया गया है। अपर मुख्य सचिव (गृह एवं सूचना) अवनीश कुमार अवस्थी ने शुक्रवार को यहां संवाददाताओं से कहा, पूरे प्रदेश में तबलीगी जमात पर कार्रवाई करने के लिए पिछले तीन दिनों से अभियान छेड़ा गया है और ऐसे में बहुत अधिक संख्या में लोगों को, जहां जहां भी वे मस्जिदों में थे, जहां जहां भी वे धार्मिक स्थलों पर थे, उनको बुला कर पृथक केंद्रों में डाला गया है । लखनऊ. यूपी पुलिस में लंबे समय से प्रमोशन के इंतजार में बैठे सिपाहियों को जल्द उत्तर प्रदेश पुलिस विभाग की तरफ से बड़ी खुशखबरी मिल सकती है। यूपी में लगभग 30</s> |
Stress, Crisis, Relationships Counsellor Carlow
Stress is an everyday part of life but when stress starts to control your life the added support of talking to a Counsellor in a confidential setting can be of great assistance. Relationships or work crisis can be some of the issues that cause unmanageable stress.
Contact me today at Le Chéile Counselling and together we can discuss the issues in a safe non-judgemental environment.
covid update June 25th 2021
Hello everyone, and welcome. Its been a very difficult time for everyone over the last year and a half. We have had time on our hands maybe for the first time in many years. This has been good in ways but has also allowed new awarenesses to come to the fore. Talking in a safe non judgemental space, like one to one, face to face/telephone counselling sessions may help identify and process some of these new awarenesses. Contact me today to make an appointment on 0873910411.
Le Chéile Counselling Carlow 0873910411
Kildare, Laois, Kilkenny, Wexford and surrounding counties.
Qualifications: Bsc.(Hons) in Counselling & Psychotherapy - PCI College and Middlesex University.
I.A.C.P. Fully Accredited
Home Le Chéile
| Anxiety, Self Esteem
| Depression Counselling
| Relationships counselling
| stress Crisis,
| Bereavement Grief
| One to one
| Personal Counselling
| Panic Attacks,
| Separation, Divorce,
| Retirement, Decision .
| Anger Inner
| Addiction, Bullying,
| Getting started
| Loss,Counsellor Carlow
| What to expect
| online /phone counselling
| About Le Chéile About Le Chéile
| Contact Le Chéile Contact carlow
| what we do what we do for you
| Ethical Standards Non-judgemental Counselling |
This paper presents the first research on cases where offenders initiate contact with other individuals over the internet and incite, or conspire (IIIC) with, them to commit child sexual abuse (CSA). Interviews and record searches were carried out among local police services in the UK. IIIC cases were found to be diverse in terms of their typology but rare with regard to the extent of known cases. They were similar to other CSA in relation to victim and offender characteristics but were distinct with regard to offenders' modi operandi. IIIC cases should be viewed as an additional and serious category of internet-related CSA, and one about which there needs to be much more awareness and researc
To submit an update or takedown request for this paper, please submit an Update/Correction/Removal Request. |
The second Friday of October has been designated as World Egg Day, with a focus on eggs as a food source. But during the late 19th and early 20th century, collecting wild birds eggs was a popular hobby. Many museums and their collections originated during this time, and many people displayed natural history objects in their homes. Collecting natural history objects — such as bird eggs — became a popular hobby. Egg collectors were fascinated by the variety of sizes, shapes and patterns seen in eggs. The hobby inspired magazines and a system of egg dealers and traders around the world, with rare eggs fetching high prices.
The interest in eggs also stimulated much scientific research, called Oology (or oölogy), a branch of ornithology studying bird eggs, nests and breeding behavior. Eventually, most private egg collections were given to museums so they could be preserved for future generations to study. It’s now illegal to collect wild bird eggs in the United States as well as in England, but the eggs collected decades ago continue to provide detailed data for scientific researchers.
The Delaware Museum of Natural History has the second largest collection of bird eggs in North America, with more than 36,500 clutches of eggs and associated data. Many of the eggs date from 1900 or earlier, and are a valuable record of the diversity of bird eggs as well as representing historical information about birds and places that have changed dramatically over time. Scientists from around the world use DMNH’s collection in their research.
This rare egg, from the extinct elephant bird, is one of the largest eggs in the world. It’s on exhibit at the Delaware Museum of Natural History.
A sampling of the collection is on exhibit, including a rare egg from the extinct elephant bird contrasted with smaller eggs, including a tiny hummingbird egg. The elephant bird, which became extinct around the 17th century, had been the largest bird alive before its extinction, and its eggs are the largest bird eggs currently known. DMNH’s elephant bird egg is mentioned on this Wikipedia page as one of only a few intact elephant bird eggs currently in collections. |
During times of difficulty and great anguish, the subtlety of human thought suffers. There is not the attention to detail, and nuance seems only hypocritical. What a relaxed mind, one at ease in a secure environment can do, a stressed mind cannot. This is easily understandable. This understanding should have caused humans to aspire for security and peace, but it has instead been used to create mischief. There are also those who, out of a sense of envy and hate wish to create difficulties for those who still have a peaceful existence. Why would someone want to do this? It is difficult to understand. Should it not be desirable and doable to have a measure of peace and security for all people?
Certain beliefs have long existed in both, religion and in philosophical thought, that shows a fascination with evil. What is evil? It could most simply be identified as, the deliberate injuring of another. Evil is malice. Yes, there is unintentional injury also possible at the hands and mouths of humans. This can be understood through later examination. It can be grounds for exoneration. A man can truly abandon any improper guilt if he admits his own error. Once it becomes clear that, something was not done out of malice, peace can be restored. A person can have peace within himself. He can also find peace with others.
The beliefs which paranoia is known by, disallow a person from having inner peace. Such a person is always afflicted by suspicion of others. The reasons for holding such beliefs can be complex. However, the existence of the belief can itself be put to the test by comparing it to evidence. Does the evidence show over a period of time, that the suspicion is validated? Let us spend a little time understanding this.
If a person is determined to be suspicious of an individual or a community, his mind becomes conditioned to finding the very evidence that supports his claim. He can become a faultfinder. His negativity even attains a patience. He waits to find the terminal flaw in his “enemy” to prove his suspicions. Without his conscious realization, he has become paranoid! Once it is deeply set, he might find no escape. If a person is – as examples – suspicious of white people, or of Jews, or black people, or Muslims he will keep finding evidence. Where his suspicion is invalidated, he disregards the evidence as inconsequential.
At the other extreme, we can take the most unlikely example of a person who is willing to believe all others. Such a mind of a child is most unready for the reality of the world we live in. How could such a person accept that this world has thieves, murderers, and liars? How could he understand that such people can emerge from any religion, nation, or from any political conviction? Even more so, he is willing to live by the idea that his own good will not allow evil to come upon him. When the evil unfailingly comes and trust is broken, only time shows if a person will re-emerge from his descent into the deep well of suspicions.
Of course, the balance between the paranoid and the naively trusting is the sort of person who keeps his thinking and decisions measured. It takes more effort and deprives a person of knowing the joy of being fully able to trust someone, but it helps one be realistically safer. The world we live in does not allow us the freedom to have absolute trust. We still like to believe in its possibility, though.
How can we keep a protective balance?
We are going through tremendous social changes at this time. Humanity is in the grip of a time of great transition. And it is not as if a change happens in society, then everyone gets time to adjust. Wave after wave of change and even many cross-winds over the surface of human society are churning everything up and down. Either one steps away from the changes, or one goes so deep into the sea, he becomes unaffected by these changes. Both these possibilities seem next to impossible right now. What so many are choosing to do is, jumping right into these social changes and hoping to still the sea of mankind.
The simple advice given in the private settings of a room, sitting opposite to a counselor seems to be insipid during the great turmoil. The advice should match the enormity of the challenge. Or, there has to be an honest admission of not having the desired answers. Everything has seemingly come out of the privacy of a room, and out into the open society. Every day, there are conversations on social networking sites. In these, there is as much advice and diversity of opinion as there are people. Soon, there is such a deluge, that nothing seems to have a meaning anymore.
There still is an answer. We have to honestly admit, with humility, that we are confronted by forces that are too great for any man to face.
Rather than taking the fight to society and its members, why not reconsider the need to fight. Fighting will not solve anything! The arguments will never end. One thing is clear: staying in the problematic, turbulent environment will produce stress. When stress heightens and stays so for a long time, balanced thought succumbs to it.
The means to tackle paranoia and extremism
Paranoia and extremism feed each-other. The imbalance in thought causes a person to resort to black-and-white conclusions. It would, however, be a mistake to think that the entire mechanism to handle these two negatives – paranoia and extremism – rests entirely within the individual human being. As human beings, we are naturally connected with our environments and with others. Who we choose to remain bonded to is, to a large extent in our own hands. Beyond that, associations and influences are not in our control. So what needs to be done?
Just like a person who is seeking to altogether give up a harmful habit needs a combination of courage and strategy, the same way it takes courage and strategy to give up harmful influences. Not only harmful ways of thinking but also those who keep us stagnated in those beliefs need to be disassociated from. Yes, one needs to disassociate from harmful companions and negative beliefs.
In doing so, one would most naturally feel the need to replace those associates and beliefs with what is healthy. If the vacuum isn’t filled, evil will fill it. In this case, paranoia and extremism are the evil we seek to remedy. Over a longer period of time, a balance will be found in which, there is the ability to be suspicious when needed and also to be trusting where deserved. Once such a balance is found, the effort would be to maintain it through proper use of internal thought mechanisms and intelligent association with external factors.
It wouldn’t be wrong to say, there is even a legitimate place for paranoia and extreme thinking. It also wouldn’t be wrong to conclude, there is the rare time when absolute trust is required. Both have been found in times of war. Those are the extremes of life which one hopes not to remain in. May it be, when you find yourself in either extreme, you find the wisdom to do just as is proper at its time! I hope, we much rather find peace and security. |
Forward Facing. Multi-Level. Evolutionary Design.
When it comes to designing your STEM/STEAM space it’s important to consider the effects the classroom environment will have on the learning process. In order to promote project-based collaborative learning and support evolving teaching methods, your environment must be able to adapt to changes quickly and efficiently. The Elevation Table by CiF makes this possible. With options of wood and metal, the Elevation Table is a perfect fit for any classroom design.
CiF Lab Solution’s Elevation Table is a forward facing, multi-level, ADA compliant table system that takes students from 31” lecture to 37” standing height in seconds with the push of a button. Having one table system that can accommodate all of your educational needs with ease allows more time for learning and exploration. The days of traditional single-function classroom furniture are declining and in order to keep up with the evolving STEM/STEAM curriculum, classrooms must offer students a range of motion and movement.
Elevation Instructor’s Station
Demonstration Table. Ergonomically Designed.
Our boomerang shaped instructor’s station was designed to allow teachers to effortlessly move around their space and perform demonstrations with ease. Equipped with options for ample storage, plumbing and electrical services, and accessories, allowing instructors to have everything they need within reach.
Elevate Your Knowledge.
Hover over each spot to reveal product specific information. |
import abc
class AbstractResult(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
@abc.abstractmethod
def get_results_formated(self):
pass
|
Bees are our friends, despite the occasional painful bee sting and medical concern of allergies to bee stings. Bees pollinate the plants that produce our food and, therefore, are required for our survival. There are many more species than just the honeybee, which is a species introduced to North America – native bees make up the greatest portion of our bee population.
We need to understand bees in order to appreciate them and support their survival. Most of our native bees are not aggressive and many are solitary dwellers – they do not live in colonies like the honeybee. For some in-depth information on specific bee species and their preferred habitats and food sources, read this great bulletin from the University of Maine or this article from the National Wildlife Federation.
Despite the fact that most bees are not aggressive, bees being near to our living spaces can sometime cause concern for some people. We will never completely remove bees from our outdoor spaces, nor should we want to. But if you need to keep bees somewhat distant from your living or play spaces (due to an allergy to bee stings or to reduce fearful encounters), there are preventive techniques and habitat modifications that you can adopt, such as:
- Remove bee food sources near your living areas.
- Keep garbage cans tightly closed.
- Remove nests from under eaves and from tree branches that are near doorways or sitting areas.
- Repair or cover holes in any outdoor structures – any unsealed area should be sealed with caulk, wood, or flashing.
- Inspect sensitive areas monthly during the active bee season to monitor for new nests.
NE native bees on sedum.
Native Bees Poster – Image from the National Wildlife Federation.
The idea of supporting more wildlife in your yard can be expressed in many ways. It might be that you want to provide food for birds, attract butterflies, create safe small mammal pathways, or improve pollinator resources. Animals and insects need a variety of plants, both bare and planted areas, plant litter, and deadwood for safety, food, and different stages of growth. When it comes to ecological health and diversity, a spotless yard is not a healthy yard.
Some of the strategies you can use to meet these goals are rather broad and simple:
- Stop using pesticides: insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides, etc.
- Choose a variety of flowering plants and stagger bloom times throughout the year.
- Chose plants of different heights to create layers in the garden.
- Designate areas in your yard that you don’t mow.
- Make your lawn smaller or eliminate it completely.
- Don’t remove all your fallen leaves and yard waste – mulch with them or allow a few piles to remain in out of the way spots, such as under shrubs or corners of the garden. Butterflies and moths often overwinter in curled up fallen leaves. Insects often pupate or overwinter in hollow plant stalks.
- Leave some patches of earth bare of leaves and mulch for ground-nesting bees.
- Ensure that there is clean water nearby (without pesticide and fertilizer runoff).
If you are interested in choosing plants that will support more wildlife in your yard, please look over this list of Plants to Attract Butterflies and Moths by Doug Tallamy, entomologist, professor, and author. When you make habitat for butterflies and moths, you are also creating habitat for other beneficial insects and wildlife.
Mosaic Detail in Granite Patio
Sometimes, a work space turns into someone else’s play space. This wall is the foundation for a sugar shack, but on this particular summer afternoon, it was the princesses’ castle wall. Planning for family activities is an important part of landscape design. Sometimes people focus solely on creating specific play areas for the kids, but often, just having an interesting space is what kids need.
Paths can twist and turn, as an invitation to see what is around the corner or the future site of a surprise attack. Elevation changes offer children a chance to experience viewing the world from a different perspective. Water features are possibly a place to splash, feel the coolness, see reflections, and watch insect, amphibians, and fish throughout their life cycles. Stones of different sizes, colors, and textures can inspire thoughtful inquiry or construction.
Diverse plant choices provide a variety of heights, textures, colors, smells, and tastes. Different plant heights allow kids to feel both big and small. Big plants provide hiding places where kids can see, but not be seen. Rhododendrons and lilacs become forts on the inside, fallen tree trunks become bridges or lookouts, vines create tents. Groundcovers are a carpet from which to watch the leaves flutter or clouds race across the sky. Small plants could become troll and fairy houses, or just the place where chipmunks disappear and reappear.
Swamp milkweed with crab spider
A variety of colors can help encourage exploration and discovery. Have you even taken the time to notice what color of plants attract what type of pollinators? Blooms, fruits, and leaf colors herald the change of seasons. Different textures of plants allow kids to experience plants by sight and touch. Small, large, broad and strappy leaves can be as inspiring as the soft, velvety feel of Canadian ginger and lamb’s ear. The leathery leaves of mayapples and their flowers that can only be viewed by peeking under the umbrella-like leaves (and finding out the fruits are food for Eastern box turtles). There’s the prickly and sharp, dried purple coneflower seedhead or the smooth, silky-soft feeling of northern sea oats or the leaves of threadleaf bluestar. The rough leaves of peppermint and sage, the smooth, brittle crush of skunk cabbage, and sweet woodland phlox provide exploration through scent.
Lowbush blueberry blooms
Edible plants like blueberries, wild strawberries, thimbleberries, and beach plums, elicit sweet memories of summer; the tartnesss of cranberries, the sweet vanilla-banana flavor of paw paw and savory flavors of herbs can surprise. Children can learn how fruits, seeds, and herbs are grown and how they can be added to meals for nutrition and increased flavor. There are also teachable moments about how all plant fruits are not edible, and children can learn to appreciate the knowledge that these fruits provide food for other creatures, even if not for humans.
There are so many different ways that landscapes and plant choices provide playful, sensory, and educational opportunities for children. Unstructered play and exploration of nature through observation, touch, smell and taste, including the nature in our landscaped yards, balconies, and porches, is a great way for children to experience the world.
Summer has rapidly receded, and the autumn colors and cool nights herald the end of the growing season. You might be tempted to go clean up your gardens, but the fallen leaves and dead stalks of plants have great value to many birds, small mammals, and insects, including butterflies. And who doesn’t like butterflies? (Well, I do know one person.) Many people like the idea of attracting butterflies to their gardens and advocate protecting them, but fall cleanup can jeopardize these same butterflies. “How can that be?” you might ask. Below is a list that someone compiled and posted here about the strategies that butterflies use for overwintering:
- Fourth-stage caterpillars hibernate in rolled leaves on the ground.
- Third-stage caterpillars make a shelter from a rolled leaf tip in which to spend the winter.
- Partially-grown caterpillars hibernate at the base of the host plant.
- Overwinters as a caterpillar in seed pods of food plant.
- Overwinters as a caterpillar in silken nests below host plants on ground.
- Overwinters as an adult in the shelter of hollow trees, under bark or utilize seasonal outbuildings.
- Hibernate as adults. For protection they use hollow logs, woodpiles and loose bark.
- Overwinters as a young caterpillar in a hibernaculum (rolled leaf) on host plants.
- Caterpillars overwinter in leafy case on host plants.
- Overwinters as caterpillar in leaf tip shelter.
I found this information very interesting. We know that monarchs migrate, but other types of butterflies use a variety of methods that are dependent on leaf litter and dead plant material to survive through the winter into the next spring season. You can imagine how cleaning up all your leaves and carting them away can have a negative impact on the next year’s butterfly population, and the next year’s, and the next.
This article by the PennState Extension provides some simple guidelines for fall cleanup, and identifies which areas are reasonable to clean up (like your vegetable garden) and which to allow to naturalize through the winter. If you’re seeking to adopt more ecologically-friendly habits, please consider leaving most of your leaves and dead plants in place through the winter. Save the cleanup for spring instead – after the redbuds and dogwoods start to bloom. You’ll find that you have some additional free time during the fall too!
Dicentra cucullaria (Dutchman”s breeches)
Nighttime in the garden is a magical place, with silverly moonlight caressing leaves and flowers as they sway in a light breeze, the flowers’ fragrance meanders then lingers with the music of nocturnal creatures. The transformation made by moonlight on plants and water and the coolness of the night made moon gardens a popular feature in hot climates. Gardeners chose plants that glowed in the moonlight or infused the air with enticing scents, adding water features that mirrored the moon and stirred silver streams and droplets here and there. Moon gardens became popular in the 1920’s and 1930’s in England and the U.S., but they were somewhat forgotten as people spent more time indoors and the great American lawn replaced flower gardens.
I’ve always had a fascination with moon gardens, though, and I recently began to wonder what native plants would be suitable for nighttime interest. Below is a partial list of North American native plants, predominantly of the Northeast, that could enchant both the moon and you with their blooms and scents. These plants also provide a host of ecological benefits to native pollinators, other insects, and wildlife. As always, choosing the right plants for your site can help decrease water use, maintenance, erosion, and the heat island effect, while providing increased beauty.
Spring: Actaea recemosa and A. pachypoda, Dicentra cucullaria and D. eximia ‘Alba’, Houstonia caerulea, Phlox divaricata and P. stolonifera, Tiarella cordifolia, Trillium grandiflorum and T. luteum, Magnolia virginiana and M. macrophylla, Halesia monticola, H. tetraptera, and H. carolina, Cephalanthus occidentalis, Chionanthus virginicus, Cornus florida, Aronia arbutifolia and A. melanocarpa, Kalmia latifolia, Rhododendron groenlandicum.
Summer: Allium cernuum and A. tricoccum, Anemone virginiana, Aruncus dioicus, Baptista alba, Echinacea purpurea alba, Geranium maculata, Gillenia trifoliata, Hydrangea quercifolia, Koeleria macrantha, Liatris spicata alba, Maianthemum racemosum and M. stellatum, Phlox paniculata, Physostegia virginiana, Polygonatum biflorum, Rosa blanda, Lobelia cardinalis “Alba”, Ceanothus americanus, Clethra alnifolia, Itea virginiana, Rhododendron arborescent, Viburnum lantanoides, V. lentago, and V. nudum, and Viola walteri ‘Silver Gem’.
Late summer/autumn: Achillea millefolium, Actaea rubifolium, Ageratina altissima, Agrostis scabra, Amsonia tabernaemontana, Andropogon virginicus, Ascelpias verticillata, Clematis virginiana, Doellingeria umbellale, Eurybia divaricata, Heuchera villosa, Hibiscus moscheutos, Monarda punctata, Muhlenbergia capillaris, Nymphaea odorata, Panicum virgatum, Pycnanthemum tenuifolium and P. virginianum, Sanguisorba canadensis, Symphyotrichum erecoides.
If you are interested in reading more about moon gardens and the discovery of the gardens that existed at the Taj
Mahal in the 1600’s, read The Moonlight Garden: New Discoveries at the Taj Mahal, by Elizabeth B. Moynihan. A short history of moon gardens can be found in this post from Don Statham Design in New York.
Since spring is solidly here for us here in the Northeast and people are out exploring their gardens, this caterpillar identification key might come in useful: Caterpillars of the Eastern Forests. The Eastern Black Swallowtail (Papilo polygenes) caterpillar in the photo was on a plant in the retail area at Garden in the Woods. Keep your eyes open, you never know what you’ll see!
The larval host pants for the Eastern Black Swallowtail include plants in the carrot and parsley (Apiaceae) family: parsley, Queen Anne’s lace, wild carrot, celery, dill, and fennel. Many of those plants are not native, and it is important to note that many of the native plants in the Apiaceae family are quite poisonous, such as poison hemlock, water hemlock, and cow parsnip. I mention this because many species need wild spaces where native plants that are not suitable for gardens or cultivated spaces can grow.
The adult host plants for nectar include: pawpaw, red clover, phlox, asclepias, asters, and thistles. |
Wednesday, June 16, 2021
HomeArchitectureHow to Calculate the Area of a Hexagon? Explain with Examples
# How to Calculate the Area of a Hexagon? Explain with Examples
The hexagon is a polygon that has six sides and six angles in it. Similarly, the Pentagon has five sides, but the Octagon has eight. The hexagon’s internal angles have all been calculated to be 120 degrees. A hexagon is a closed two-dimensional six-sided polygon in geometry. It consists of six-line segments and six vertices that make up six internal angles. Let us learn about the area of a hexagon. Commonly used, the sum of interior angles of a Polygon is given by-
(n−2)×180°
## Definition Hexagon
A hexagon is a six-sided polygon with six angles and six straight sides. The word “hexagon” comes from the Greek words “hex,” which means “six,” and “gonia,” which means “corner, angle.” The term “regular hexagon” refers to a hexagon with all six sides and angles equal. Aside from that, it’s an irregular hexagon. To better comprehend the concepts around the form, we solely deal with normal hexagons in this discussion. There are two sorts of hexagons:
### Hexagon Regular
A hexagon is said to be regular if all of its sides are the same length and all of its interior angles are the same size. In addition, the interior angle is 120 degrees. Six symmetrical lines and rotational symmetry of order six make up a regular hexagon.
### Hexagon with an Irregular Shape
A hexagon that consists of unequal sides and angles is named to be an irregular hexagon.
### Concave Hexagon
A concave hexagon is one that has at least one internal angle which is greater in value than 180°. In other terms, a hexagon with at least one vertice pointing inwards is called a hexagon. In terms of sides, it might be either regular or irregular.
### Convex Hexagon
A convex hexagon is one in which all of the inner angles are less than 180 degrees. All of the vertices are also pointing outwards from the center. This is a common sort of hexagon that we see frequently while dealing with geometric forms. It could either be a regular or irregular hexagon. All of the sides of a regular hexagon are the same length, and all of the internal angles are the same value. The regular hexagon has rotational symmetry of order 6 and is made up of six symmetrical lines. The sides and angles of the irregular hexagon aren’t equal, and the angles aren’t the same.
## Unique Properties of Hexagon
• Each side of a regular hexagon is the same length.
• Because each side is the same length, it is an asymmetrical shape.
• A regular hexagon’s opposite sides will always be parallel to each other.
• Six equilateral triangles can be formed from a regular hexagon.
• A regular hexagon has 120 angles, each of which is equal
## Hexagon Shapes
We may come across a variety of hexagonal-shaped things. A honeycomb, a nut, the white divisions of a volleyball, a traffic stop board, the back end of pencils, and bolts are all examples of real-life hexagonal things. For a better understanding, visit cuemath.com. Cuemath is an online learning platform that uses modern learning techniques to make math fun and interesting.
## Structure of Hexagon
Hexagonal patterns can be found everywhere in nature, from beehives to the Giant’s Causeway, thanks to their efficiency. If a vast region is to be filled with the fewest hexagons, each line in a hexagonal grid is as short as it may possibly be. This implies honeycombs use less wax to make and gain a lot of strength when compressed. Parallelograms are irregular hexagons with parallel opposing edges that can tile the plane through translation. Parallel Hedrons are hexagonal prisms with parallel opposing faces in three dimensions that can tessellate 3-space through translation.
## Hexagonal Area
The area of a hexagon with equal sides can be calculated using the following formula:
Area (A) of a hexagon is given as = (Apothem × Perimeter)/2
The distance between the midpoint of any of the sides and the hexagon’s center is called apothem.
Thomas P
I believe in making the impossible possible because there’s no fun in giving up. Travel, design, fashion and current trends in the field of industrial construction are topics that I enjoy writing about. |
# 01 - TUPLES (N-TICE)
# Jsou to datove struktury obsahujici obvykle vice prvku
# Nejsou uplne stejne jako seznamy
# Narozdil od seznamu jsou NEMENITELNE -> neda se k nim pridavat, neda se z nich mazat a nedaji se jim menit hodnoty
# Ale stejne jako seznamy jsou SERAZENE
# Tuple vypada treba takto:
ntice_obci = 'Misov','Cicov','Borovno'
ntice_pocet_obyvatel = 115, 182, 99, 5
# Nepouzivaji zadne hranate [], slozene {} nebo jine zavorky, proste se hodnoty jen oddeli carkou
# Ale bacha, kdyz predavame tuple jako argument nejake funkce!
def vypis_obce(ntice):
for obec in ntice:
print(obec)
#vypis_obce('Misov','Cicov','Borovno')
# Ajaj, Funkce potrebuje nejak vedet, co jsou jednotlive argumenty a co uz jsou hodnoty, ktere se ji snazime predat
#vypis_obce(ntice_obci)
#vypis_obce(('Misov','Cicov','Borovno'))
def rekni_mi_kolik_obyvatel(obec):
pozice = ntice_obci.index(obec)
obyvatel = ntice_pocet_obyvatel[pozice]
return obec, obyvatel
#print(rekni_mi_kolik_obyvatel('Cicov'))
#obec_x, obyvatel_x = rekni_mi_kolik_obyvatel('Misov')
#print('{} ma {} obyvatel'.format(obec_x, obyvatel_x))
# Hodnoty z dvou tuplu se daji kombinovat mnohem elegantneji a sice pouzitim funkce zip()
# funkce zip funguje podobne jako zip na mikine, takze spoji hodnoty z obou ntic na stejne pozici
def rekni_mi_kolik_obyvatel_zip(obce,ntice_pocet_ob):
for obec, lidi in zip(obce,ntice_pocet_ob):
print('{} má {} obyvatel'.format(obec, lidi))
#rekni_mi_kolik_obyvatel_zip(ntice_obci,ntice_pocet_obyvatel)
# Enumerate proiteruje list nebo i tuple s jeho indexy i hodnotami
def vypis_index_kazde_obce(ntice):
for index,obec in enumerate(ntice):
print('na indexu {} je obec {}'.format(index, obec))
#vypis_index_kazde_obce(ntice_obci)
#Opet i Ntice lze pouzit v podmince Prazdna - False, Neprazdna -True
#Zkuste napsat podminku nebo while cyklus s pomoci ntice
# funkce list() a tuple () muzeme pouzit pro prevod mezi jednotlivymi datovymi strukturami
#Vyzkousejte si tyto funkce:
#Zajimavost - prirazeni vice hodnot najednou
v = ('ah', True, 'a')
#print (v)
(x, y, z) = v
#print(x)
#print(y)
#print(z)
|
Starting Your Software Testing Career Book
Here you can check out my interview on Daniel Knott’s YouTube channel, where I talk about my book and advice for new testers.
About the Book:
- Do you want to become a Software Tester but not sure where to start?
- Do you want to up-skill so you remain relevant in today’s job market?
- Once you have landed a role as a Software Tester, how do you ensure you thrive in the role?
In this book, I will share the different paths you can take towards becoming a software tester, useful ways you can up-skill along with what I wish I knew in my first year of testing.
After reading this book you’ll also be able to:
- Understand the difference between Test Cases, Exploratory Testing and Ad Hoc Testing and when one approach is more suitable than the other
- Write an effective bug report
- Understand the benefits of learning test automation along with when you should and shouldn’t write test automation
- Test against implicit requirements
- Imagine what a tester’s typical day may look like
You can also buy my book as part of the Test Fundamentals bundle, along with ‘Would Heu-risk-it?’.
Or as part of the Testers Job Seekers bundle, along with ‘Standout’.
Read the testimonials below:
“Finally, the book I can recommend to encourage people with diverse education, background and experience to consider a career in testing! Learn basic testing concepts and practices, along with links to resources for deeper knowledge. Get sound advice on highlighting your relevant skills in your CV and in interviews, even with no direct testing experience. Lots of reassurance and encouragement here. Get a sense of what your testing job will be like, and a great checklist to help you get started when you’re hired.”
Lisa Crispin, co-founder, Agile Testing Fellowship Inc.
“Really well done. I liked how action oriented you were able to make the book while still adding a lot of context and scene setting for newer engineers.”
Aaron McTavish, Director of Engineering, UK
“I really enjoyed reading the book and it’s absolutely perfect for individuals who want to start a career in Software Testing but also to individuals who want to improve their current testing skills. The structure is well broken down into different areas and it’s easily digestible. Readers can have the option to read all the chapters or just the chapters that they feel are most important to them. Apart from key concepts that people need to know within testing, Nicola also provided additional input on how to find a mentor and why it’s important, how to build your network and how to work closely with developers. Nicola also provided insights on what other skills a software tester needs to have such as spotting and testing implicit requirements, and how heuristics can help. Lastly, the checklist that Nicola has written at the end of the chapter is valuable and useful for people who are going to start with their project! I personally think that this will also be useful for software testers that have been in the industry for a while. Overall, I would totally recommend this to anyone I know.”
Marie Drake, Quality Engineering Manager, UK
“Written in a language easily understandable to anyone. Packed with strategies and practical tips on how to start and evolve in your software testing journey.
I really appreciate Nicola’s tips on how to kick-start your testing career and how to stay motivated in “Chapter 3: Getting Your First Job As A Software Tester”. These incredibly helpful tips are a great way to broaden one’s horizons and prepare for job hunting.”
Anna Makuchova, Software Testing Student, Sweden
“So many testing resources are a flood of information. Nicola does a great job of distilling what you need to know to get started in software testing from the world’s foremost experts, herself included.”
Elizabeth Zagroba, Quality Lead, Netherlands
“Hello new tester, Nicola has compiled this excellent starter just for you. Your new guide contains wisdom from many intellects in the industry. I hope you take advantage of this as your compass into the world of testing. My favourite section is Chapter 9, because it highlights that testing is not just a box ticking exercise (you’ll see). Good luck in your testing adventure!”
Phil Wong, Test Engineer, UK |
Today, we can send masses of information wirelessly to the other side of the world. We have a permanent residence orbiting the Earth in space. We have explored the deepest depths of the ocean and the surface of Mars. We have access to pretty much any piece of knowledge we seek by searching for it online. We have harnessed the power of the wind and the sun to produce electricity. We have created black holes in labs and have measured objects in atoms.
Yet we still use fistfuls of paper to clean ourselves with when we use the toilet. |
A panel at the Wellcome Centre asks: is it the task of architects to offer an antidote to social and political failings?
There are 67 steps between the Euston Road and the Henry Wellcome Auditorium at the Wellcome Trust. I mention this because soon we may be ‘encouraged’, ‘nudged’ or even forced to climb them by government-sponsored, architect-designed policies that aim to make us, as a population, less fat. Architecture as Antidote: Should Cities Make Us Fit? was the question asked at the keynote debate for the London Festival of Architecture, ironically held on 4 July, American Independence Day.
Vicky Richardson, Director of Architecture at the British Council, introduced the debate and the festival’s ‘Playful City’ theme, a title which in this context conjures up the metropolis as perky aerobics instructor. Claire Fox, Director of the Institute of Ideas, was a perfect chair and animated agent provocateur who openly declared her aim to make the four participants fight with each other.
Speaking first, the Canadian Centre for Architecture’s Mirko Zardini, who curated the recent exhibition Imperfect Health: the Medicalization of Architecture, was disturbed by architecture pretending to be the ‘cure’ for something. ‘Architecture is simultaneously much less and much more than that’, he said, and argued against a reductionist view of society seen ‘only through medical eyes’ which would lead to an outcome too mechanical and predictable, and with a hidden moral agenda. In his book, Zardini used the rise and fall of asbestos from ideal material to carcinogen to illustrate ‘the inability of architecture to offer an optimal or permanent fix based on its promise of rational parameters’.
London’s leading architectural impresario Peter Murray then said that architects don’t have a ‘moral duty to incorporate ‘‘cures’’ into their buildings’, but that they only ‘have a moral duty to avoid anything injurious’. His position seemed milder than some of the others as he pointed out that architecture itself is a constraint, ‘otherwise we would all just be living in one big open dome’, and used bicycle helmets to illustrate a moderate position towards relationships and risk. If people were forced to wear helmets, he argued, there would be fewer accidents, but also fewer riders. ‘Don’t force people to wear helmets or climb stairs,’ he concluded, ‘but give them the option.’
Richard Horton, the editor of The Lancet, and David Burney, an architect and the Commissioner of the New York Department of Design and Construction, represented the other extreme of the debate. Horton painted a bleak view of the city, using medical imagery from Frank Lloyd Wright’s quote: ‘to look at the cross section of any plan of a big city is to look at something like the section of a fibrous tumour’. He went on to argue that cities are ‘not medicalised but mechanised’, that we are living an ‘accelerated and sterilised life’, and that we ‘swarm through the city in a demoralised way’ towards ‘damage and death’, from which ‘alcohol and sex’ offer only brief respite.
David Burney produces Active Design Guidelines to fight the ‘war on terror’ and the ‘epidemic of obesity’. ‘Why are fat Americans a concern to architects and planners?’ he asked, ‘Because obesity is an urban design problem.’ Burney had the most faith in the transformative power of architecture and saw not only health, but also climate change, immigration and gun control as issues where cities must take over from federal- or state-level failure.
Mid-argument, however, both Horton and Burney shifted the fundamental problem from health to social inequality. They spoke of the chasm between rich and poor: here was Burney’s ‘social inequity’ where property prices and obesity are linked and Horton’s ‘social gradient’. ‘Architecture needs to reduce that inequality,’ Horton announced. But how?
Claire Fox mischievously pointed out that when the Body Mass Index (BMI) redefined ‘overweight’, the medical profession effectively created 25 million obese people overnight. She accused The Lancet and medics of creating a moral panic in a language taken up but not understood by those making the new legislation. There is something uncomfortable about the use of the word ‘epidemic’ in the absence of a conventional ‘infectious agent’. ‘Epidemic’ suggests the helplessness of a passive, infantilised society, preyed upon by cotton candy.
But surely the decisions that lead to inequality are political, economic and social, not architectural? And are the people who have brought us McDonald’s and Coca-Cola as sponsors of the Olympic Games the same people who are complaining about an ‘epidemic of obesity’ and trying to invent legislation to reconfigure the built environment to correct it? Has a political and economic problem been turned into a ‘health epidemic’ that architects and urbanists are now expected to solve?
Vicky Richardson was the only one to openly salute the humane, cultural and intellectual role of architecture, qualities implicit in Zardini’s demedicalisation. But perhaps it’s already too late for architects. In 2004 the NHS Healthy Urban Development Unit, or HUDU, seems to have vaulted over architects entirely, landing directly in planning legislation. Their aim is to ‘narrow health inequalities’ through the ‘alignment of health and planning strategies’. Architects will presumably just follow their commands. The debate didn’t mention HUDU, a dangerous oversight perhaps.
Taking the stairs back out of the building leads past the Wellcome exhibition space. Brains: The Mind as Matter was an excellent show with many actual specimens. Suspended like small clouds, these mysterious and isolated containers hinting at human consciousness seem somehow prophetic in the context of this debate. Maybe brains in glass cases are the answer if an ‘evidence-based design’ trajectory is taken to its logical conclusion where architects are found to be redundant. All the messy problems and ‘urban design challenges’ of being human are cut away. Social interaction is a waste of space that leads to terrorism. Isolate the brain, reduce the human condition, and put it neatly into a box. The design is efficient and easy to stack, and renders the problems of space, light and obesity completely irrelevant. |
12th NCERT Vector Algebra Exercise 10.2 Questions 19
Do or do not
There is no try
Question (1)
Compute the magnitude of the following vectors:
$\overrightarrow a = \widehat i + \widehat j + \widehat k$
$\overrightarrow b = 2\widehat i - 7\widehat j - 3\widehat k$
$\overrightarrow c = \frac{1}{{\sqrt 3 }}\widehat i + \frac{1}{{\sqrt 3 }}\widehat j - \frac{1}{{\sqrt 3 }}\widehat k$
Solution
$\overrightarrow a = \widehat i + \widehat j + \widehat k$
$\overrightarrow b = 2\widehat i - 7\widehat j - 3\widehat k$
$\overrightarrow c = \frac{1}{{\sqrt 3 }}\widehat i + \frac{1}{{\sqrt 3 }}\widehat j - \frac{1}{{\sqrt 3 }}\widehat k$
$\left| {\overrightarrow a } \right| = \sqrt {1 + 1 + 1} = 3$ $\left| {\overrightarrow b } \right| = \sqrt {4 + 49 + 9} = \sqrt {62}$ $\left| {\overrightarrow c } \right| = \sqrt {\frac{1}{3} + \frac{1}{3} + \frac{1}{3}} = 1$
Question (2)
Two different vectors having same magnitude
Solution
$\overrightarrow a = 2\widehat i + \widehat j - \widehat k$ $\overrightarrow b = \widehat i + 2\widehat j + \widehat k$
Question (3)
Two vectors havings same direction
Solution
$\overrightarrow a = 2\widehat i + \widehat j - 3\widehat k$ $\overrightarrow b = 4\widehat i + 2\widehat j - 6\widehat k$
Question (4)
Find the values of x and y so that the vectors $\overrightarrow a = 2\widehat i + 3\widehat j$ and $\overrightarrow b = x\hat i + y\hat j$ are equal
Solution
$\overrightarrow a = 2\widehat i + 3\widehat j$ $\overrightarrow b = x\hat i + y\hat j$ Vectors are equal $\overrightarrow a = \overrightarrow b$ $2\widehat i + 3\widehat j = x\hat i + y\hat j$ $x = 2,\quad y = 3$
Question (5)
Find the scalar and vector components of the vector with initial point (2, 1) and terminal point (-5, 7).
Solution
$A\left( {2,1} \right)\qquad B\left( { - 5,7} \right)$ $\overrightarrow {AB} = \left( { - 5 - 2} \right)\widehat i + \left( {7 - 1} \right)\widehat j$ $\overrightarrow {AB} = - 7\widehat i + 6\widehat j$
Question (6)
Find the sum of vectrs $\overrightarrow a = \widehat i - 2\widehat j + \widehat k$, $\overrightarrow b = - 2\widehat i + 4\widehat j + 5\widehat k$ and $\overrightarrow c = \widehat i - 6\widehat j - 7\widehat k$
Solution
$\overrightarrow a = \widehat i - 2\widehat j + \widehat k$ $\overrightarrow b = - 2\widehat i + 4\widehat j + 5\widehat k$ $\overrightarrow c = \widehat i - 6\widehat j - 7\widehat k$ $\overrightarrow a + \overrightarrow b + \overrightarrow c = 0\widehat i - 4\widehat j - \widehat k$
Question (7)
Find the unit vector in the direction of vector $\overrightarrow a = \widehat i + \widehat j + 2\widehat k$
Solution
$\overrightarrow a = \widehat i + \widehat j + 2\widehat k$ $\therefore \left| {\overrightarrow a } \right| = \sqrt {1 + 1 + 4} = \sqrt 6$ $\text{Unit vector}\quad \widehat a = \frac{{\overrightarrow a }}{{\left| {\overrightarrow a } \right|}}$ $\widehat a = \frac{1}{{\sqrt 6 }}\widehat i + \frac{1}{{\sqrt 6 }}\widehat j + \frac{1}{{\sqrt 6 }}\widehat k$
Question (8)
Find the unit vector in in the direction of vector $\overrightarrow {PQ}$, where P and Q are the points (1,2,3) and (4, 5, 6) respectively
Solution
$P\left( {1,2,3} \right)\qquad Q\left( {4,5,6} \right)$ $\overrightarrow {PQ} = 3\widehat i + 3\widehat j + 3\widehat k$ $\left| {\overrightarrow {PQ} } \right| = \sqrt {9 + 9 + 9} = \sqrt {27} = 3\sqrt 3$ $\widehat {PQ} = \frac{{\overrightarrow {PQ} }}{{\left| {\overrightarrow {PQ} } \right|}}$ $\widehat {PQ} = \frac{{3\widehat i + 3\widehat j + 3\widehat k}}{{3\sqrt 3 }}$ $\widehat {PQ} = \frac{1}{{3\sqrt 3 }}\widehat i + \frac{1}{{3\sqrt 3 }}\widehat j + \frac{1}{{3\sqrt 3 }}\widehat k$
Question (9)
For given vector $\overrightarrow a = 2\widehat i - \widehat j + 2\widehat k$ and $\overrightarrow b = - \widehat i + \widehat j - \widehat k$, find the unit vector in the direction of the vector $\overrightarrow a + \overrightarrow b$
Solution
$\overrightarrow a = 2\widehat i - \widehat j + 2\widehat k$ $\overrightarrow b = - \widehat i + \widehat j - \widehat k$ $\overrightarrow a + \overrightarrow b = 2\widehat i - \widehat j + 2\widehat k - \widehat i + \widehat j - \widehat k$ $\overrightarrow a + \overrightarrow b = \widehat i + \widehat k$ $\left| {\overrightarrow a + \overrightarrow b } \right| = \sqrt {1 + 1} = \sqrt 2$ $\frac{{\overrightarrow a + \overrightarrow b }}{{\left| {\overrightarrow a + \overrightarrow b } \right|}} = \frac{{\widehat i + \widehat j}}{{\sqrt 2 }} = \frac{1}{{\sqrt 2 }}\widehat i + \frac{1}{{\sqrt 2 }}\widehat k$
Question (10)
Find a vector in the direction of vector $\overrightarrow a = 5\widehat i - \widehat j + 2\widehat k$, which has magnitude 8 units
Solution
$\overrightarrow a = 5\widehat i - \widehat j + 2\widehat k$ $\left| {\overrightarrow a } \right| = \sqrt {25 + 1 + 4} = \sqrt {30}$ $\text{vector of magnitude 8} = 8\frac{{\overrightarrow a }}{{\left| {\overrightarrow a } \right|}}$ $= 8\frac{{\left( {5\widehat i - \widehat j + 2\widehat k} \right)}}{{\sqrt {30} }}$ $= \frac{{40}}{{\sqrt {30} }}\widehat i - \frac{8}{{\sqrt {30} }}\widehat j + \frac{{16}}{{\sqrt {30} }}\widehat k$
Question (11)
Show that $\overrightarrow a = 2\widehat i - 3\widehat j + 4\widehat k$ and $\overrightarrow b = - 4\widehat i + 6\widehat j - 8\widehat k$ are collinear
Solution
$\overrightarrow a = 2\widehat i - 3\widehat j + 4\widehat k$ $\overrightarrow b = - 4\widehat i + 6\widehat j - 8\widehat k$ $\overrightarrow a \times \overrightarrow b = \left| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{\widehat i}&{\widehat j}&{\widehat k}\\2&{ - 3}&4\\{ - 4}&6&{ - 8}\end{array}} \right|$ $\overrightarrow a \times \overrightarrow b = \left( {24 - 24} \right)\widehat i - \left( { - 16 + 16} \right)\widehat j + \left( {12 - 12} \right)\widehat k$ $\overrightarrow a \times \overrightarrow b = \overrightarrow 0$ ⇒ $\overrightarrow a$ and $\overrightarrow b$ are both collinear
Question (12)
Find the direction cosine of the vector $\overrightarrow a = \widehat i + 2\widehat j + 3\widehat k$
Solution
$\overrightarrow a = \widehat i + 2\widehat j + 3\widehat k$ $\left| {\overrightarrow a } \right| = \sqrt {1 + 4 + 9} = \sqrt {14}$ $\widehat a = \frac{{\overrightarrow a }}{{\left| {\overrightarrow a } \right|}}$ $\widehat a = \frac{{\widehat i + 2\widehat j + 3\widehat k}}{{\sqrt {14} }}$ $\text{cosine direction} = \left( {\frac{1}{{\sqrt {14} }},\frac{2}{{\sqrt {14} }},\frac{3}{{\sqrt {14} }}} \right)$
Question (13)
Find the direction cosines of the vector joining the points A(1, 2, -3) and B(-1, -2, 1), directed from A to B
Solution
$A\left( {1,2, - 3} \right),\text{and} \quad B\left( { - 1, - 2,1} \right)$ $\overrightarrow {AB} = \left( { - 1, - 2,1} \right) - \left( {1,2, - 3} \right)$ $\overrightarrow {AB} = \left( { - 2, - 4,4} \right)$ $\overrightarrow {AB} = - 2\widehat i - 4\widehat j + 4\widehat k$ $\left| {\overrightarrow {AB} } \right| = \sqrt {4 + 16 + 16} = \sqrt {36} = 6$ $\text{Direction cosine} = \frac{{\overrightarrow {AB} }}{{\left| {\overrightarrow {AB} } \right|}}$ $\text{Direction cosine} = \frac{{ - 2\widehat i - 4\widehat j + 4\widehat k}}{6}$ $\text{Direction cosine} = \frac{{ - 1}}{3}\widehat i - \frac{2}{3}\widehat j + \frac{2}{3}\widehat k$
Question (14)
Show that vector $\overrightarrow a = \widehat i + \widehat j + \widehat k$ is equally iinclined to the axes OX, OY and OZ
Solution
$\overrightarrow a = \widehat i + \widehat j + \widehat k$ $\left| {\overrightarrow a } \right| = \sqrt {1 + 1 + 1} = \sqrt 3$ $\text{cosine direction} = \frac{{\overrightarrow a }}{{\left| {\overrightarrow a } \right|}}$ $\text{cosine direction} = \frac{{\widehat i + \widehat j + \widehat k}}{{\sqrt 3 }}$ $\left( {\cos \alpha ,\cos \beta ,\cos \delta } \right) = \left( {\frac{1}{{\sqrt 3 }},\frac{1}{{\sqrt 3 }},\frac{1}{{\sqrt 3 }}} \right)$ $\cos \alpha = \frac{1}{{\sqrt 3 }}$ $\alpha = {\cos ^{ - 1}}\left( {\frac{1}{{\sqrt 3 }}} \right)$ $\beta = \gamma = {\cos ^{ - 1}}\left( {\frac{1}{{\sqrt 3 }}} \right)$ $\text{as } \quad \alpha = \beta = \gamma$ so it is equally inclined
Question (15)
Find the position vector of a point R which divides the line joining two points P and Q whose position vector of a point R which divides the line joining two points P and Q whose position vectors are $\overrightarrow p = \widehat i + 2\widehat j - \widehat k\quad and \quad \overrightarrow q = - \widehat i + \widehat j + \widehat k$ respectively, in the ratio 2:1
(i) internally and (ii) externally
Solution
$\overrightarrow p = \widehat i + 2\widehat j - \widehat k\quad and \quad \overrightarrow q = - \widehat i + \widehat j + \widehat k$ (i) internally
$R\left( {\overrightarrow r } \right)$ divide $\overrightarrow {PQ}$ internally in ratio 2:1
$\therefore \overrightarrow r = \frac{{2\overrightarrow q + \overrightarrow q }}{{2 + 1}}$ $\overrightarrow r = \frac{{2\left( { - \widehat i + \widehat j + \widehat k} \right) + \left( {\widehat i + 2\widehat j - \widehat k} \right)}}{3}$ $\overrightarrow r = \frac{{ - \widehat i + 4\widehat j + \widehat k}}{3}$
(ii) External
R divides PQ externally in ratio 2:1
$\overrightarrow r = \frac{{2\left( { - \widehat i + \widehat j + \widehat k} \right) + \left( {\widehat i + 2\widehat j - \widehat k} \right)}}{{ - 1}}$ $\overrightarrow r = \frac{{3\widehat i + 0\widehat j - 3\widehat k}}{{ - 1}}$ $\overrightarrow r = - 3\widehat i + 3\widehat k$
Question (16)
Find the position vector of the mid point of the vector jpining the points P(2, 3, 4) and Q(4, 1, -2)
Solution
$P\left( {2,3,4} \right),\quad and \quad Q\left( {4,1, - 2} \right)$ Let R is mid point of $\overrightarrow {PQ}$
$\therefore \overrightarrow r = \frac{{\overrightarrow p + \overrightarrow q }}{2}$ $\overrightarrow r = \left( {\frac{{2 + 4}}{2},\frac{{3 + 1}}{2},\frac{{4 - 2}}{2}} \right)$ $\overrightarrow r = \left( {3,2,1} \right)$
Question (17)
Show that the points A, B, and C with position vectors ${\overrightarrow a } = 3\widehat i - 4\widehat j - 4\widehat k$ , ${\overrightarrow b } = 2\widehat i - \widehat j + \widehat k$ and ${\overrightarrow c } = \widehat i - 3\widehat j - 5\widehat k$
Solution
$A\left( {\overrightarrow a } \right) = 3\widehat i - 4\widehat j - 4\widehat k$ $B\left( {\overrightarrow b } \right) = 2\widehat i - \widehat j + \widehat k$ $C\left( {\overrightarrow c } \right) = \widehat i - 3\widehat j - 5\widehat k$ $\overrightarrow {AB} = \overrightarrow b - \overrightarrow a = - \widehat i + 3\widehat j + 5\widehat k$ $AB = \left| {\overrightarrow {AB} } \right| = \sqrt {1 + 9 + 25} = \sqrt {35}$ $\overrightarrow {BC} = \overrightarrow c - \overrightarrow b = - \widehat i - 2\widehat j - 6\widehat k$ $BC = \overrightarrow {BC} = \sqrt {1 + 4 + 36} = \sqrt {41}$ $\overrightarrow {AC} = \overrightarrow c - \overrightarrow a = - 2\widehat i + \widehat j - \widehat k$ $AC = \overrightarrow {AC} = \sqrt {4 + 1 + 1} = \sqrt 6$ $A{B^2} + A{C^2} = 35 + 6$ $A{B^2} + A{C^2} = 41$ $A{B^2} + A{C^2} = B{C^2}$ ⇒ By converse of Pythagorus ∠A =90° is right angle in δABC
$\overrightarrow {AB \cdot } \overrightarrow {AC} = \left( { - \widehat i + 3\widehat j + 5\widehat k} \right) \cdot \left( { - 2\widehat i + \widehat j - \widehat k} \right)$ $\overrightarrow {AB \cdot } \overrightarrow {AC} = 2 + 3 - 5 = 0$ $\Rightarrow \overrightarrow {AB} \bot \overrightarrow {AC}$ $\Rightarrow \angle A = 90$
Question (18)
In traiangle ABC (Fig 10.18), which of the following is not true
$(A) \quad \overrightarrow {AB} + \overrightarrow {BC} + \overrightarrow {CA} = \overrightarrow 0$
$(B) \quad\overrightarrow {AB} + \overrightarrow {BC} - \overrightarrow {AC} = \overrightarrow 0$
$(C) \quad \overrightarrow {AB} + \overrightarrow {BC} - \overrightarrow {CA} = \overrightarrow 0$
$(D) \quad \overrightarrow {AB} - \overrightarrow {CB} + \overrightarrow {CA} = \overrightarrow 0$
Solution
$\text{By triangle law}\overrightarrow {AB} + \overrightarrow {BC} = \overrightarrow {AC}$ $\overrightarrow {AB} + \overrightarrow {BC} - \overrightarrow {AC} = 0$ $\overrightarrow {AB} + \overrightarrow {BC} + \overrightarrow {CA} = 0$ not correct
Question (19)
If &\overrightarrow a & and &\overrightarrow b & are two collinear vectors, then which of the following are incorrect
$(A) \ quad \overrightarrow b = \lambda \overrightarrow a$, for some scalar λ
$(B) \quad \overrightarrow a = \pm \overrightarrow b$
(C) the respective components of &\overrightarrow a & and &\overrightarrow b & are not proportional
(D) both the vectors &\overrightarrow a & and &\overrightarrow b & have same direction, but different magniitudes
Solution
$\overrightarrow a \quad and \quad \overrightarrow b \text{colliner then}$ $\overrightarrow b = \lambda \overrightarrow a$ |
# Prealgebra for Two-Year Colleges/Workbook AIE/Measuring distances
Measuring Distances
Materials Needed: Ruler marked in inches and cm, string, scissors to cut the string
## WhyEdit
When you are given a map, blueprint, or diagram, you often need to measure with a ruler to get the information you need to solve the problem.
## Learning ObjectivesEdit
1. Use a ruler to measure perimeters (whole numbers of inches and cm).
2. Use a string and a ruler to measure paths that are not straight (whole numbers of inches).
## Warm-upEdit
1. Explain how to calculate the perimeter of an object.
Add up the lengths of all the sides.
2. Which of the following objects can be used to help you measure perimeter? How?
• Measuring cup
• Graph paper
• Ruler
• 3”×5” index card
• String
• Sand
## ActivityEdit
1. Without measuring, decide which of the following shapes has the larger perimeter. Explain your reasoning.
2. Use a ruler to measure the perimeter of the rectangle in inches.
3. Use a ruler to measure the perimeter of the “H” figure in centimeters.
4. Use a ruler to measure the perimeter of the triangle in inches.
5. Use a piece of string and a ruler to measure the perimeter of the oval in inches.
6. Use a piece of string and a ruler to measure the length of the curved path in inches.
7. Use a piece of string and a ruler to measure the shortest path on the map along the highways from the bull’s eye in Antioch to the bull’s eye in Oakland in inches.
4 inches, to the nearest whole inch
8. If each inch on the map represents 10 miles in real life, then how far is it between the spots represented by the bull’s eyes?
40 miles |
President Obama’s State of the Union address promised a renewed focus on economic inequality in the last two years of his administration. But many have already despaired about the ability of American democracy to tackle increasing economic inequalities. Indeed, wage and income inequality have continued to rise over the last four decades during both periods of economic expansion and contraction. But these trends are not unique to the United States. Many OECD countries have also experienced increasing wage income inequality over the last several decades.
That these widening gaps between rich and poor should be taking place in established democracies is puzzling. The workhorse models of democracy are based on the idea that the median voter will use his democratic power to redistribute resources away from the rich towards himself. When the gap between the rich (or mean income in society) and the median voter (who is typically close to the median of the income distribution) is greater, this redistributive tendency should be greater.
Moreover, as Meltzer and Richard’s seminal paper emphasized, the more democratic is a society (meaning the wider is the voting franchise), the more redistribution there should be. This is a simple consequence of the fact that with ae wider franchise, expanded towards the bottom of the income distribution, the median voter will be poorer and thus keener on redistributing away from the rich towards herself.
These strong predictions notwithstanding, the evidence on this topic is decidedly mixed.
Our recent paper, joint with Suresh Naidu and Pascual Restrepo, “Democracy, Redistribution and Inequality” revisits these questions.
Theoretically, we point out why the relationship between democracy, redistribution and inequality may be more complex, and thus more tenuous, than the above expectations might suggest.
First, democracy may be “captured” or “constrained”. In particular, even though democracy clearly changes the distribution of de jure power in society, policy outcomes and inequality depend not just on the de jure but also the de facto distribution of power. This is a point we had previously argued in “Persistence of Power, Elites and Institutions”. Elites who see their de jure power eroded by democratization may sufficiently increase their investments in de facto power, for example by controlling local law enforcement, mobilizing non-state armed actors, lobbying, or capturing the party system. This will then enable them to continue their control of the political process. If so, we would not see much impact of democratization on redistribution and inequality. Even if not thus captured, a democracy may be constrained by either other de jure institutions such as constitutions, conservative political parties, and judiciaries, or by de facto threats of coups, capital flight, or widespread tax evasion by the elite.
Second, democracy may lead to “Inequality-Increasing Market Opportunities”. Nondemocracy may exclude a large fraction of the population from productive occupations, for example from skilled occupations and entrepreneurship, as starkly illustrated by Apartheid South Africa or perhaps also by the former Soviet Union. To the extent that there is significant heterogeneity within this population, the freedom to take part in economic activities on a more level playing field with the previous elite may actually increase inequality within the excluded or repressed group and consequently within the entire society.
Finally, consistent with Stigler’s “Director’s Law”, democracy may transfer political power to the middle class—-rather than the poor. If so, redistribution may increase and inequality may be curtailed only if the middle class is in favor of such redistribution.
So theory may not speak as loudly as one might have first thought.
What about the facts? This is where the previous literature has been pretty contentious. Some have found inequality-reducing effects of democracy and some not.
We argue that these questions cannot be easily answered with cross-sectional (cross-national) regressions because democracies are significantly different from nondemocracies in so many dimensions.
Instead, we provide evidence from panel data regressions (with fixed effects) from a consistent post-war sample.
The facts are intriguing.
First, there is a robust and quantitatively large effect of democracy on tax revenues as a percentage of GDP (and also on total government revenues as a percentage of GDP). The long-run effect of democracy is about a 16 percent increase in tax revenues as a fraction of GDP.
Second, there is also a significant impact of democracy on secondary school enrollment and the extent of structural transformation, for example as captured by the nonagricultural share of employment or output.
Third, and in stark contrast to these results, there is a much more limited effect of democracy on inequality. Democracy just doesn’t seem to affect inequality much. Though this might reflect the poorer quality of inequality data, there is likely more to this lack of correlation between democracy and inequality. In fact, we do find heterogeneous effects of democracy on inequality consistent with the theories mentioned above, which would not have been possible if the poor quality of inequality data made it hard to find any empirical relationship.
Overall, our results suggest that democracy does represent a real shift in political power away from elites and has first-order consequences for redistribution and government policy. But the impact of democracy on inequality may be more limited than one might have expected.
Though our work does not shed light on why this is so, there are several plausible hypotheses. The limited impact of democracy on inequality might be because recent increases in inequality are “market induced” in the sense of being caused by technological change. But equally, this may be because, as in the Director’s Law, the middle classes use democracy to redistribute to themselves.
But the Director’s s Law is unlikely to explain the inability of the US political system to confront inequality, since the middle classes have largely been losers in the widening inequality trends.
Could it be that US democracy is captured? This seems unlikely when looked at from the viewpoint of our typical models of captured democracies. But perhaps there are other ways of thinking about this problem that might relate the increasingly paralyzing gridlock in US politics to capture-related ideas. |
# Difference between Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) & (ANOVA)
## Definition of ANOVA
ANOVA is extended as an analysis of variance that is described as a statistical technique to determine the means of two populations. The amount of variation between the samples is bifurcated while some specific causes of dependency are found out.
## Classification of ANOVA
1. One-way ANOVA: One factor investigates the difference factor among the available categories with a possibility of having n number of values.
2. Two-way ANOVA: Two factors are included in the investigation process simultaneously to measure analysis of the influential variable
## Definition of ANCOVA
It stands for analysis of covariance, which is an extended form of ANOVA. The elimination of effects is done before research can be conducted. ANOVA and regression analysis is an important working point considering the variability of all other variables. Key differences between ANOVA and ANCOVA work into the statistical components that are taken into consideration.
## Differences between the chosen parameters
Analysis of covariance is applicable to a comparison of one variable with other variables present in the population while considering other variables. ANOVA is on the other hand used for comparing and contrasting more than two populations. ANCOVA is used in research, where the effects of some antecedent variables are removed. As an example pre-test scores can be defined which are used as covariates in pre-test and post-test experimental designs. In the case of ANOVA, the process helps in finding out the difference between groups of data that are statistically significant. Levels of variance include group samples taken from each of the components.
One-way ANOVA is used for the determination of statistically significant differences that is applicable for more than three independent groups. One-way ANOVA is the independent samples of t-tests that compare the means for two groups. Two-way ANOVA is used only when one measurement variable is working on two of the nominal variables. In simple words, while an experiment gets quantitative outcomes, there are two categorical explanatory variables presented that work on the appropriateness of ANOVA. For example, social media can be taken as an independent variable, and groups are assigned to low, medium, and high levels of social media users to find out if there exists any difference in sleeping hours per night.
Different types of ANOVA include the use of Multivariate of analysis (MANOVA) which differs from ANOVA as the multiple dependent variables simultaneously assess the only dependent variable at a time. The p-value is the area that associates with a probability of observing a result as big as the one that is obtained from experiment F0. The null hypothesis seems to be true since the inferential statistic method concludes a population of a given sample set. The value which is calculated from the data given to a researcher is called the statistics or f-value. Now, in case a calculated f-value is found to be larger than the F critical value then the null hypothesis can be rejected easily. Three-way ANOVA has also been identified as effective in finance and social sciences. Comparison can be conducted based on the ANOVA uses, inclusion, and covariate functionalities.
Comparison factors ANOVA ANCOVA
Definition The examination is conducted to reach an outcome for multiple groups of data. ANCOVA is identified as a technique that is applicable for the removal of metric-scale dependent variables before undertaking research.
Covariate It is ignored in this case The consideration is gained
WG variation Attributes are associated with WG variation looking after individual differences Group variation is divided into individual differences.
Application Used in both linear and non-linear models Used only in the linear model
BG variation Attributes between BG variations exist that work as a barrier to the treatment of within-group (WG) variation Individual differences and covariates worked within a group of WG variations.
The technique of identifying variance among the means of multiple groups works on homogeneity. It is a part of variance that is used for taking off the impact within more than one metric-scaled undesirable variable. ANOVA can be used for calculating the linear and nonlinear model components. On the other hand, Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) uses a single linear model. ANOVA characterizes group variations that are exclusive to treatment. ANCOVA divides between the group variation in treatment and covariates. ANOVA exhibits individual differences while the group variance individual differences are assigned to the components within regression analysis.
## Conclusion
ANOVA SPSS is associated with large amounts of data processing in statistical analysis. Like the t-tests, are conducted for finding the differences between groups of data whichever is statistically significant. A covariate is identified as an independent variable that is looked upon to manage the "effects of the categorical independent on an interval dependent variable", which thereafter works on the covariate control. T-tests are an identified method that determines whether different populations are statistically different from each other or not. In this entire process, ANOVA and ANCOVA come handy within the SPSS data analysis software. |
import pickle
from huey.exceptions import QueueException
class TaskRegistry(object):
"""
A simple Registry used to track subclasses of :class:`QueueTask` - the
purpose of this registry is to allow translation from queue messages to
task classes, and vice-versa.
"""
_ignore = ['QueueTask', 'PeriodicQueueTask', 'NewBase']
_registry = {}
_periodic_tasks = []
def task_to_string(self, task):
return '%s' % (task.__name__)
def register(self, task_class):
klass_str = self.task_to_string(task_class)
if klass_str in self._ignore:
return
if klass_str not in self._registry:
self._registry[klass_str] = task_class
# store an instance in a separate list of periodic tasks
if hasattr(task_class, 'validate_datetime'):
self._periodic_tasks.append(task_class())
def unregister(self, task_class):
klass_str = self.task_to_string(task_class)
if klass_str in self._registry:
del(self._registry[klass_str])
for task in self._periodic_tasks:
if isinstance(task, task_class):
self._periodic_tasks.remove(task)
def __contains__(self, klass_str):
return klass_str in self._registry
def get_message_for_task(self, task):
"""Convert a task object to a message for storage in the queue"""
return pickle.dumps((
task.task_id,
self.task_to_string(type(task)),
task.execute_time,
task.retries,
task.retry_delay,
task.get_data(),
))
def get_task_class(self, klass_str):
klass = self._registry.get(klass_str)
if not klass:
raise QueueException('%s not found in TaskRegistry' % klass_str)
return klass
def get_task_for_message(self, msg):
"""Convert a message from the queue into a task"""
# parse out the pieces from the enqueued message
raw = pickle.loads(msg)
task_id, klass_str, execute_time, retries, delay, data = raw
klass = self.get_task_class(klass_str)
return klass(data, task_id, execute_time, retries, delay)
def get_periodic_tasks(self):
return self._periodic_tasks
registry = TaskRegistry()
|
Topic 5 BRIDGING THE DEVELOPMENT GAP The causes of the development gap. Understanding the development and the development gap Considering different measures of development Explain and contrast the different views of development - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
The causes of the development gap
How is this unit examined?2 hour written exam, including pre-released synoptic resources (8 weeks in advance)
Part 1 5 out of 6 topics Part 2 6th topic in a synoptic context (will pull together aspects of the other 5 topics)
30% of A level
StarterDiscuss with the person sitting next to you:
What is the development gap?
How do we measure development?
DevelopmentWhat is the development gap?The social and economic difference or disparity between the wealthy and the poor both globally, between nations, and within countries (within cities or local regions) What is it measured by?GNPHDI Human development Index 0-1, 1 being best uses income per capita, adult literacy, life expectancy.And many other development indicators Views on development The Rostow ModelA study of 15 countries mainly in Europe suggested that all countries had the potential to break the cycle of poverty and develop through 5 stages
Stage 1 Traditional SocietySubsistence economy based on farming with limited technology or capital to develop
Stage 2 Preconditions to take-offOften an injection of external help industries develop and growth of infrastructure. Often single industry will dominate
Stage 3 Take offManufacturing industries grow, airports and roads are built. Political and social changes. Farming will decline. Investment or borrowing increases
Stage 4 Drive to maturityGrowth should be self-sustaining. Often multiplier effects in similar industry types. Rapid urbanisation
Stage 5 High mass consumptionRapid expansion of tertiary services, employment in service industries grow but decline in manufacturing2345UK1750182018501940USA1800185019201930Japan1880190019301950India19501980--Ethiopia----Is this model valid?Model assumes that all countries start off at the same levelAlthough capital is needed to advance from a traditional society it often brings debt repayments which stop a country developingUnderestimates the extent and impact of colonialismPredicts too short a timescale between the beginning of growth and becoming self-sustainingViews on developmentFriedmanns Core and Periphery ModelShows how some areas become more economically developed than others and why some regions are more wealthier than others
StagesStage 1 (Pre-industrial). The agricultural society, with localized economies and a small scale settlement structure. Fairly isolated, dispersed and low mobility.
Stage 2 (Transitional). The concentration of the economy in the core begins due to capital and industrial growth. Trade and mobility increase
Stage 3 (Industrial). Due to economic growth other growth centres appear. The main reasons for this are increasing production costs (mainly labour and land) in the core area.
Stage 4 (Post-industrial). The urban system becomes fully integrated and inequalities are reduced significantly.
Development is like an electric cable the power to drive countries from primitive to more advanced states. As the development cable model (right) shows, development is a multi-faceted processAt its core is economic development, but to achieve real progress social, political, environmental and personal development is also needed.Views on DevelopmentThe Development Cable
Development can also be seen as a pathway.Countries develop at different speeds and may cluster at different placesWhat could hinder development?Views on DevelopmentThe Development PathwayHow do we measure development?Economic WealthMeasured as Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita = dividing the monetary value of all the goods and services provided in a country by its total population
Gross National Income (GNI) includes income from overseas investments
GDP preferred by the EUGNI by the UN and USA
X Only useful in countries which have many economic transactions i.e. market economies rather than the non-money economy e.g. barter and exchange
XHides extremes and uneven distribution of income between regions or socio-economic groupings
X Not reflective of the local value of money
2) Purchasing Power Parity (PPI) GDPShows what per capita income will purchase when the cost of living is taken into account. E.g. In China the cost of living is low so $100 will buy far more there than in the USA
This basket of goods costs 112 Indian Rupees in India, the equivalent of 1.50*. To buy the same basket of goods in the UK would cost around 6. The difference in how much goods and services really cost, is why PPP (purchasing power parity) GDP income is used rather than raw GDP. Using raw GDP per capita average income in India is about $1000, but PPP GDP per capita income is $2800*data for Dec 2009BurgernomicsTHE ECONOMIST's Big Mac index is based on the theory of purchasing-power parity: in the long run, exchange rates should adjust to equal the price of a basket of goods and services in different countries. This particular basket holds a McDonald's Big Mac, whose price around the world we compared with its American average of $4.20.
North South Divide
Brandt Commission in 1981Other criteria2) Social, cultural and welfare criteriaRecognising the complex nature of development is why development is often measured using an index, which combines a range of dataIndices are considered more accurate than single data points such as GDP per capita.
Human Development Index (HDI) gives a country a score between 0 and 1
Enables anomalies to be spotted and identifies where poverty is greatestX No measure of human rights or freedom. There was a separate Human Freedom Index in 1991 but has not been done since.
The Human Development Index (HDI)Life expectancy at birth + Literacy rate + Enrolment rate + GDP per capita PPPThe development gapThe geography of the development gap is more complex than a simple North-South divideLatin America has HDI levels similar to eastern Europe; Chinas HDI and some others in SE Asia are relatively highSouth Asia has a concentration of levels below 0.6Level in the Middle East are relatively high, although not in Yemen, Syria and IraqThe picture for Africa is very complex, with the extreme north and south having decent HDI levels, but some regions with shockingly low numbers
Other Development Indicators?
Infant mortalityThe number of children who die before they are five out of every 100 born.Life expectancyThe average age people can expect to live toWorld Freedom StatisticsThis is an index which takes into account a range of measures to determine how free people are in a particular country. The index is complex but takes into levels of political and civil liberties, levels of corruption, and levels of political and religious conflict. It generates an index score from 1 (free) through to 7 (not free).% GDP from AgricultureThe % of total GDP (the value of everything sold and made in a country) that comes from farming.% GDP from Secondary SectorThe % of total GDP (the value of everything sold and made in a country) that comes from manufacturing and secondary industry.PopulationThe total number of people living in a country.% Population growthThe % change (up or down) in a countrys population measured annually (every year).% of population living on less than $1 a day% of population living on less than $2 day
What is this map showing?
Life expectancyInfant mortality
Oxford p183 Over to you qsOn your own qsPlenaryWhy is it hard to measure the development gap?
Is the Brandt Line still valid?
Explaining developmentDo you remember the food crisis of 2008?
Explaining developmentDo you remember the food crisis of 2008?This is probably because you were well-sheltered from the worst because we live in a developed country.P179 OxfordWhich of the following are real causes for the rise in food prices since 2006:Global food crisisExtreme weatherGrowth of biofuelsRising demand in NICsClimate changeRising demand for cattle feedTraders hoarding foodDiseases wiping out cropsGlobalisationRising oil pricesChange in agricultural policies
Global food crisisWhich of the following are real causes for the rise in food prices since 2006:Extreme weatherGrowth of biofuelsRising demand in NICsRising demand for cattle feedTraders hoarding foodRising oil pricesChange in agricultural policies
The food price crisis shows how susceptible less-developed countries are to price rises.What happened to food prices in 2008?Why was this?Using the Philippines as an example, explain how a development gap was shown by the way in which the food crisis affected its people.What is the development gap?
HW Reading Oxford 178-183Note taking |
def print_fruit_prices():
print('Fruit Prices')
for fruit, price in fruit_prices.items():
print('%s: $%.2f' % (fruit, price))
fruit_prices = {}
num = int(input('How many different kinds of fruit would you like to enter?'))
for i in range(num):
fruit = input('Enter a fruit: \n')
price = input('Enter the price of that fruit: \n')
fruit_prices[fruit] = float(price)
print_fruit_prices()
while True:
more = input('Would you like to enter any more fruits? (yes or no)\n')
if more == 'no':
break
fruit = input('Enter a fruit: \n')
price = input('Enter the price of that fruit: \n')
fruit_prices[fruit] = float(price)
print_fruit_prices()
while True:
less = input('Would you like to remove any fruits? (yes or no)\n')
if less == 'no':
break
fruit = input('Enter a fruit to remove: \n')
del fruit_prices[fruit]
print_fruit_prices()
|
Even more Power
If you have a lot of electricity, you are much more active, meanings that you are burning a lot more calories. You will feel effective and solid enough to do everyday physical exercises, take part in various tasks and never be as well weary.[…]
Hiprolean X-S Advantages
There are a massive variety of advantages of this weight loss supplement which has been talked about listed below;.
- It enhances the metabolic process rate which is essential for burning off the fat.
- Causes a large renovation in the electricity degrees.
- Suppresses the cravings to make sure that you instantly steer clear of from food.
- It is just suitable for those individuals which have a tendency to take food in between dishes.
- Hiprolean X-S consists of two of the leading substances for weight loss like raspberry ketones and green tea which are usually referred by expert weight loss consultants.
- It is additionally a true blessing in disguise for people which dislike working out.
- This weight loss tablet improves the focus degree as well.
- It is made of strong and efficient substances which are ONE HUNDRED % all-natural and acts within 30 minutes.
- Lastly it assists you to remain in form, preventing any sort of loose skin after weight loss.[…]
Exactly how Does Hiprolean X-S Work?
In order to work fast and efficiently, Hiprolean X-S attempts to fight all weight loss problems immediately.[…]
Like with any other diet capsule, you use much better outcomes if you likewise consist of physical exercise and healthy consuming behaviors in your weight loss strategy.[…]
Hiprolean X-S Side effects
Hiprolean X-S is constructed from natural and organic substances which are actually technically proven as the most effective fat deposits burner. Majority of the customers agree to it that there are no such hazardous side effects of using this item. Still to be on the risk-free end it is recommended that you never go across the suggested dosage of.[…]
It is additionally not advised for individuals taking antidepressants or various other prescribed medicines. And if you are dealing with any other health and wellness conditions.[…] |
Perfect for lockdown - we'll print your child's drawing directly onto a mug, and can even add a personalised message (for example "I miss you Nanny") on the other side.
- 11oz Mug
- Gloss Finish
- High Quality, Scratch Resistant Image
Personalised Mugs - your child's picture on a mug
Once you've completed your order, just email your image to [email protected]
Please remember to include your Order Number (from the confirmation email you receive), and the name from your order.
Once finished, our mugs are dishwasher and microwave safe, but to prevent fading over time, we recommend that you hand wash the mugs only. |
Deborah Leslie provides an overview of activity in advertising in the 80s and early 90s, beginning with how globalization affected the industry structurally and showing how that played out in advertising strategy and content.
Before the 80s advertising was primarily handled by small local offices. Although there still were still many small niche advertisers in 1995, the medium sized businesses had diminished in number. American markets were saturated by the 80s and the most potential for growth came from other countries. Advertising firms began directly investing in foreign offices instead of creating their own to reap the benefit of local knowledge. They also began buying each other up to lower costs and attain a wide geographic expansion of their services. This allowed for a diversification of services and a wider client base. As firms grew fewer and bigger, it became more important to be located in a major city. Most advertisers are based in New York City today, with some in London and Tokyo. These re-structurings appear to have affected the advertising workforce negatively, with employees complaining about big lay offs, overwork and less creative flexibility.
The new global companies were faced with juggling between global and local advertising campaigns. Upscale commodities, and those embodying the American identity, such as soft drinks, jeans, computers, and pharmaceuticals, could be advertised as a world brand. Other commodities could not because associations from culture to culture would vary. Luckily, globalization isn't confined to advertising, and marketers found similar consumer segments repeated or created in populations all over the world. Women, youth, and mothers are seen as having the most in common, and are targeted more often as global advertising audiences.
Advertising agencies restructured how they did business as they grew. The rampant merging had caused many clients who were competing with each other to be buying advertising from the same company. This conflict of interest, along with all the reorganization, caused high competition for contracts from an unstable client base. Meanwhile, clients began consolidating their business into one or two advertising firms instead of several dozen. All of this helped coordinate campaigns and manage the overall image for companies. As such, advertising agencies began organizing their services on the client instead of around a locality.
Just as advertising may have created a national commodity culture, it may have begun creating a global one. British Airways (appropriately imperially) set the stage with an ad campaign featuring diverse actors converging in a non-descript field, accompanied by strong music and visuals, and few words. Many ads have followed suit, such as Benetton ads, which imply that people can overcome cultural boundaries through consumer citizenship. The places that are constructed in global advertising are non-places, and the people have thrown off traditional forms of identification. This may be less the meat of a common global culture, so much as a tools needed to enter a global culture.
At one point, the author quotes Speigel, "The global village, after all, is the fantasy of the colonizer, not the colonized." It is hard for me to disagree with this; however, the author also points out that advertisers construct their material by scanning the market first. This article does not try to untangle the conundrum of who is creating the history described here. Nor does it state openly how all these globalizations are related. Perhaps the author collocating these globalizations not simply because they are united by being part of the history of advertising. She may be subtly pointing out that it is the simultaneity of these globalizations, of structure, strategy, content, and culture, that makes all this fit together. Without these globalizations happening contemporaneously in each sphere, could any of them have sustained themselves alone? Would they be considered globalization if they did? |
मौका मिला तो देवगौड़ा कर्नाटक में दांव लगाने से नहीं चूकेंगे,
चारा घोटाला के चौथे केस में लालू यादव को ७ साल की सजा
चारा घोटाले के दुमका कोषागार से जुड़े मामले में राजद प्रमुख लालू यादव समेत सभी दोषियों को शुक्रवार को सुनवाई पूरी हो गई। सीबीआई के विशेष न्यायाधीश शिवपाल सिंह की अदालत में बिहार के पूर्व मुख्यमंत्री लालू प्रसाद सहित १९ दोषियों को सजा सुनाई गई। कोर्ट ने लालू यादव को सात साल की सजा सनाई है। इसके साथ ही उन पर ३० लाख रुपए का जुर्माना भी लागाया गया है।
आपको बता दें कि कल अदालत में बचे हुए पांच दोषियों की सजा के बिंदु पर बहस हुई। इनमें राधा मोहन मंडल, राजा राम जोशी, सरवेंदु कुमार दास, रघुनंदन प्रसाद और राजेंद्र कुमार बगेरिया शामिल थे। इन दोषियों की ओर से अधिक उम्र, सीनियर सिटीजन, अधिक समय से मुकदमे का ट्रायल फेस करना सहित कई बीमारियों का हवाला देते हुए अदालत से सजा कम देने का अनुरोध किया गया। अदालत ने १९ मार्च को १९ लोगों को दोषी ठहराया था।
सभी दोषियों के सजा के बिंदु पर २१ मार्च से सुनवाई शुरू हुई थी, जो २३ मार्च तक चली। जज शिवपाल सिंह ने कहा कि क्या गरीबों को बीमारी नहीं होती? आरोपी जो बीमारी बता रहे हैं सब बड़े लोगों की बीमारी है। जज ने कहा कि पढ़े लिखे लोग ही फ्रॉड करते हैं ऐसा उदाहरण नहीं मिलता कि कोई अनपढ़ फ्रॉड में शामिल हो। १९ अभियुक्त दोषी करार लालू प्रसाद, पूर्व मुख्यमंत्री फूलचंद सिंह, तत्कालीन सचिव, नंद किशोर प्रसाद, तत्कालीन वेटनरी ऑफिसर, ओपी दिवाकर, तत्कालीन क्षेत्रीय निदेशक, पार्टनर विश्वकर्मा एजेंसी, अजित कुमार शर्मा, प्रोपराइटर लिटिल ओक, विमल कांत दास, तत्कालीन वेटनरी ऑफिसर, गोपी नाथ दास, प्रोपराइटर, राधा फार्मेसी, एमएस बेदी, पंकज मोहन भुई, तत्कालीन एकाउंटेंट, पितांबर झा, तत्कालीन वेटनरी ऑफिसर, एसके दास, तत्कालीन असिस्टेंट, अरुण कुमार सिंह,प्रोपराइटर सेमेक्स क्रायोजेनिक्स, नरेश प्रसाद, प्रोपराइटर वायपर कुटीर, राजकुमार शर्मा, ट्रांसपोर्टर, आरके बगेरिया, ट्रांसपोर्टर, मनोजरंजन प्रसाद, केके प्रसाद, तत्कालीन वेटनरी ऑफिसर, रघुनाथ प्रसाद, तत्कालीन वेटनरी ऑफिसर, राधा मोहन मंडल, तत्कालीन वेटनरी ऑफिसर।
राज्यसभा में अब ब्जप सबसे बड़ी पार्टी, क्या इस वजह से हुई ब्सप के अंबेडकर की हार?
बजट सत्रः सांसदों के विदाई भाषण में पीएम मोदी बोले, सदन के दरवाजे बंद हुए हैं मेरे नहीं
उप में अंबेडकर के नाम में जुड़ेगा रामजी, फैसले से ब्जप सांसद उदितराज खफा
गुपचुप शिमला पहुंची सोनिया की अचानक बिगड़ी तबीयत, आधी रात दिल्ली के लिए रवाना |
There is no doubt at all that technology helps us in many areas and industries, but in education the demand for it continues to rise. Educational technology can be a tremendous help and support to language academies and is the best accompaniment to classes when you want your students to be successful in studying one or more languages. According to a study by Ambient Insights, the global market for digital language learning tools, above all for English, reached $2.8 billion in 2015. Over five years the annual rate of growth has been 6.2%, and it is thought that revenue of $3.8 billion will be attained by 2020.
It has been reported that in the near future translator tools, such as those created by Google and Skype, will become more dominant, making it less necessary to learn a language. However, it can be argued that by only using a translating tool we cannot master a language, although it does serve us to break down language and communication barriers in some situations. To learn a language well you need to work on the four pillars of language equally (speaking, writing, reading and listening) and study grammar and vocabulary. For the moment, translator tools only purely translate and do not teach these abilities.
Those who truly learn and master a language continue to opt for classroom learning, blended or 100% online, but more and more have the need for the help of educational technology. The role of the teacher gains importance from being merely a presenter to that of a coach to their students, and can dedicate much more time to them as individuals, improving the quality of teaching. Further to this, the students evolve into active learners who are more involved in their learning thanks to the wide variety of interactive multimedia content in language courses, which is much more motivating and improves their results.
Language academies who are dedicated to incorporating new educational technology can make the most of many advantageous features which come with it to improve performance at their centres. They can increase their student numbers and be seen as leaders in the world of language training.
Advantages of educational technology for language academies
#1 Educational technology makes language learning more effective
Educational platforms like those used in blended or online learning are complementary to classroom learning and have a direct, positive impact on the process of acquiring a language. There have been numerous studies which have confirmed that classroom, or face-to-face, learning is much more effective when combined with e-learning. The teachers as well as the students have access to an infinite amount of resources and tools which make learning and mastering a language much more simple and attractive.
#2 Educational technology allows academies to extend their reach to an international market
These days an academy can open its doors to the rest of the country, and even to the rest of the world, thanks to technology. Offering classes online, or giving classes through a virtual classroom to individuals or in groups as if it were in a physical classroom, is now possible. Thanks to educational platforms which include virtual classrooms, language academies can now reach many more students, extend what they offer educationally, creating their own courses, and share all educational resources instantaneously with their students.
#3 Educational technology makes classroom learning much more dynamic
Academies can make classroom learning much more dynamic with all the content structured and ordered through the use of an interactive whiteboard, making the students much more participative in the classroom. Educational platforms and their software enable the teacher to prepare their classes “a la carte” with less effort but without decreasing the quality of teaching, including group activities, revision of difficult concepts etc.
#4 Educational platforms offer numerous benefits to academies
Platforms which are specialized in education have the main objective of making available to an academy the tools which help them to manage themselves effectively.
Among these, the most important stand out as being those which:
• Save time.
• Decrease direct and indirect costs.
• Encourage the most participation from students.
• Optimise the teacher’s work.
• Provide systems which students can use easily to do exercises and exams online.
• Encourage group work.
• Increase efficiency in the communication between teachers and students.
• Allow the construction of their own educational community.
• Make available more and better educational resources.
• Incorporate virtual classrooms in which classes can be given either to individuals or groups.
#5 Smartphones are one of the key tools for learning languages
These days nobody can imagine not using their smartphone as much for personal as professional reasons, or sitting watching TV while swiping away at your tablet at the same time. Because of this, language courses that can be done on any gadget synchronized to the program, where and when the student wants to study, are attractive to academies. Students can access their learning materials with just one click. Interactive courses on educational platforms allow a different form of learning, attractive and above all motivating.
In the opinion of the educational expert, and prize winner in education in the United Kingdom, Richard Gerver, it is the moment to revolutionize language learning methods and to employ technology which allows flexible learning, permitting the student to learn and adapt to what they want and need. As a result, language academies today more than ever should take advantage of this opportunity that educational technology delivers, to offer better language education and to continue having a relevant role in language training.
You may also be interested in: |
import pyaf.Bench.TS_datasets as tsds
import tests.artificial.process_artificial_dataset as art
art.process_dataset(N = 32 , FREQ = 'D', seed = 0, trendtype = "MovingAverage", cycle_length = 30, transform = "Difference", sigma = 0.0, exog_count = 0, ar_order = 12); |
Search America's historic newspaper pages from 1789-1963 or use the U.S. Newspaper Directory to find information about American newspapers published between 1690-present. Chronicling America is sponsored jointly by the National Endowment for the Humanities external link and the Library of Congress. Learn more
About Snips. (St. Johns, Ariz.) 1901-1903
St. Johns, Ariz. (1901-1903)
- Snips. : (St. Johns, Ariz.) 1901-1903
- Place of publication:
- St. Johns, Ariz.
- Geographic coverage:
- Snips Pub. Co.
- Dates of publication:
- Began 1901. Ceased 1903.
- Apache County (Ariz.)--Newspapers.
- Arizona--Apache County.--fast--(OCoLC)fst01217372
- Arizona--Saint Johns.--fast--(OCoLC)fst01226551
- Saint Johns (Ariz.)--Newspapers.
- Archived issues are available in digital format as part of the Library of Congress Chronicling America online collection.
- Description based on: Vol. 2, no. 14 (Dec. 18, 1902).
- Merged with: St. Johns herald (St. Johns, Ariz. : 1885), to form: Snips and the St. Johns herald.
- sn 95060580
- Succeeding Titles:
- Related Links:
- View complete holdings information
- First Issue Last Issue
The St. Johns Herald, Snips, and St. Johns Herald and Apache News
The St. Johns Herald was established as a weekly Republican newspaper in 1885, under the editorship of Henry Reed. It went through numerous editors over its lifespan. Even with their small staffs, the back-room operations of Arizona territorial newspapers did not always run smoothly. Whiskey in the print shop tended to be the culprit, and the Herald was no exception. In fact, the paper had to reduce the size of some of its issues because its printers had "gotten thirsty."
Cattle and sheep dominated the content in Arizona newspapers published in areas greatly influenced by the livestock industry. Patronage from organizations like the Southwestern Stock Association could even determine the choice of a paper’s masthead. The town of St. Johns was situated in cattle country and, as such, the Herald soon became known as a "cattle paper."
In 1903, the Herald consolidated with another St. Johns’ newspaper Snips to become Snips and the St. Johns Herald, with Eli S. Perkins of the Herald staying on as editor. Reamer Ling, who had edited the Herald from January to September 1900, took over as editor once more in 1905. That same year, Snips and the St. Johns Herald merged with the Apache News, becoming the St. Johns Herald and Apache News. Ling and O.E. Overson alternated editing and owning this paper until 1910 when George E. Waite took over as editor. On March 29, 1917, Waite changed the masthead back to the St. Johns Herald. Waite and his family edited and published the newspaper until 1938.
On February 12, 1938, the St. Johns Herald and Apache News merged with the St. Johns Observer to become the St. Johns Herald-Observer. Isaac Barth edited the merged periodical until 1946. In March, Myrlan G. Brown purchased the Herald-Observer from Barth's estate and combined it with the Apache County Independent-News to become the Apache County Independent-News and Herald-Observer. The McNary Pine Knot Post was added to the merger in November of 1947, creating the sole newspaper published in Apache County at that time. |
Biome: Big Sky Country
Biography: Also known as a cougar, puma, panther, catamount, painter or mountain lion, this cat is recognized by its large size, uniform tan color, and long tail. Of the New World cats, the mountain lion is second only to the jaguar in size, and typically weighs between 100 and 150 lbs. The solitary mountain lion stalks its prey and then surprises and takes it with a short burst of speed and a powerful leap. Though rarely seen, the mountain lion may cover twenty miles a night while hunting for deer and other animals. This secretive cat leaves little sign of its presence, other than its clawless four-inch tracks.
Once found across the North American continent, the mountain lion now ranges from the Yukon, throughout the western United States, and deep into South America. It still has a greater geographical range than any other New World mammal, partly because it is adaptable to such a wide variety of habitats, from forests to deserts and jungles. |
Zakat Foundation in Nigeria
A former British colony until 1960, Nigeria was mostly ruled by succession of military regimes until a new constitution was adopted in 1999, and a peaceful transition to civilian government was completed. The country remains overly reliant on a petroleum-based economy, much of whose revenues are dissipated through corruption and mismanagement. Despite its status as Africa’s largest economy and increasing diversification of its economic activity, over 60% of the Nigerian population lives in poverty or relies on rural subsistence farming. In addition, Nigeria continues to experience longstanding ethnic and religious tensions, and is affected by instability in the surrounding countries.
Zakat Foundation of America was on the ground assisting Nigerian refugees as they fled into Chad to escape conflict in the northeast part of the country in early 2015.
Sources: UN Stats | World Bank | Pew Research Center |
In this presentation, the sliding wear behavior of two magnesium alloys, namely AM100 and ZC63, and their saffil alumina short fiber-reinforced composites produced by the technique of squeeze infiltration will be elegantly highlighted and lucidly detailed. The sliding wear tests were conducted on two different types of counter-face materials, namely: EN24 Steel and SiC abrasive discs, using a pin-on-disc tribometer. The test results revealed that against both the chosen types of discs, the magnesium alloy-based composites revealed enhanced resistance to wear when compared to the unreinforced counterpart. It was observed in the two chosen composite systems that: (i) against EN24 steel disc, the wear rate decreased with an increase in volume fraction of the fiber reinforcement, and (ii) against SiC abrasive disc, the wear rate increased with an increase in volume fraction of the fiber reinforcement. Further, the ZC63 and its composites revealed noticeably higher wear rates than the AM100 composites when slid against a silicon carbide (SiC) counter-face. Such a behavior shown by the ZC63 system can be ascribed to the influence of the wear debris, as a third body, on the overall wear process. The nature of matrix (ductile or brittle) played an important role in determining the wear behavior of the chosen ZC63 and AM100 composites. The ZC63 matrix was ductile and the resultant debris arising from the ductile matrix was observed to be both embedded and compacted in the abrasive grits of the SiC counter face along with the hard alumina fibers. The compacted material on the counter-face disc caused counter-abrasion of the ZC63 composite test pin resulting is a higher wear rate on repeated sliding. For the AM100 composites, the matrix was brittle due to presence of Mg17Al12 precipitates. Unlike in the case of ZC63 composites, the wear debris generated from the brittle matrix remained free without getting compacted in the abrasive grits of the SiC counter-face, thereby minimizing counter-abrasion resulting in an observably lower wear rate. |
Ammonium nitrate is a chemical compound that consists of nitrogen, hydrogen and oxygen. At room temperature it is a white crystal-like substance. Commercial production consists of reacting ammonia with nitric acid which produces a solution of ammonium nitrate. It has many important applications.
Uses of ammonium nitrate
- Ammonium nitrate is used in the high explosive ANFO (ammonium nitrate/fuel oil). This is one of the most popular explosives for a variety of applications such as; coal mining, quarrying, and in construction. It is popular because it is a cheap and highly stable explosive. ANFO makes up about 80% of all explosives used in the United States each year. Unfortunately ammonium nitrate is also used to create homemade explosives, often used by terrorists, called a fertilizer bomb.
- Ammonium nitrate is also one of the most commonly used high nitrogen fertilizers. It is widely used for this purpose in agriculture around the world.
- Another important use of this chemical compound is in instant cold packs. These contain two packs, one with water and the other with ammonium nitrate, and when broken these mix to create an endothermic reaction (absorbs heat from the surroundings to become cool). These packs are commonly used to reduce swelling for sports injuries or other first aid situations where ice is not available. |
# Autor: Samantha Martínez Franco, A01747686
# Descripcion: Calcular la distancia o el tiempo con la formula de velocidad
# Escribe tu programa después de esta línea.
velocidad=int(input("¿Cuál es la velocidad en km/hr?"))
distancia7=velocidad*7
distancia4=velocidad*4.5
tiempo791=791/velocidad
print("Velocidad del auto:",velocidad,"km/hr")
print ("Distancia recorrida en 7 hr: %5.1f"%(distancia7),"km")
print ("Distancia recorrida en 4.5 hr: %5.1f"%(distancia4),"km")
print ("Tiempo en recorrer 791 km: %5.1f" % (tiempo791),"hrs") |
# Check if a number is Palindrome
Last Updated : 11 Sep, 2023
Given a positive integer, write a function that returns true if the given number is a palindrome, else false. For example, 12321 is a palindrome, but 1451 is not a palindrome.
Method 1:
Let the given number be num. A simple method for this problem is to first reverse digits of num, then compare the reverse of num with num. If both are same, then return true, else false.
Following is an interesting method inspired from method#2 of this post. The idea is to create a copy of num and recursively pass the copy by reference, and pass num by value. In the recursive calls, divide num by 10 while moving down the recursion tree. While moving up the recursion tree, divide the copy by 10. When they meet in a function for which all child calls are over, the last digit of num will be ith digit from the beginning and the last digit of copy will be ith digit from the end.
## C++
`// A recursive C++ program to check ` `// whether a given number ` `// is palindrome or not ` `#include ` `using` `namespace` `std; ` ` ` `// A function that returns true only ` `// if num contains one ` `// digit ` `int` `oneDigit(``int` `num) ` `{ ` ` ` ` ``// Comparison operation is faster ` ` ``// than division ` ` ``// operation. So using following ` ` ``// instead of "return num ` ` ``// / 10 == 0;" ` ` ``return` `(num >= 0 && num < 10); ` `} ` ` ` `// A recursive function to find ` `// out whether num is ` `// palindrome or not. Initially, dupNum ` `// contains address of ` `// a copy of num. ` `bool` `isPalUtil(``int` `num, ``int``* dupNum) ` `{ ` ` ` ` ``// Base case (needed for recursion ` ` ``// termination): This ` ` ``// statement mainly compares the ` ` ``// first digit with the ` ` ``// last digit ` ` ``if` `(oneDigit(num)) ` ` ``return` `(num == (*dupNum) % 10); ` ` ` ` ``// This is the key line in this ` ` ``// method. Note that all ` ` ``// recursive calls have a separate ` ` ``// copy of num, but they ` ` ``// all share same copy of *dupNum. ` ` ``// We divide num while ` ` ``// moving up the recursion tree ` ` ``if` `(!isPalUtil(num / 10, dupNum)) ` ` ``return` `false``; ` ` ` ` ``// The following statements are ` ` ``// executed when we move up ` ` ``// the recursion call tree ` ` ``*dupNum /= 10; ` ` ` ` ``// At this point, if num%10 contains ` ` ``// i'th digit from ` ` ``// beginning, then (*dupNum)%10 ` ` ``// contains i'th digit ` ` ``// from end ` ` ``return` `(num % 10 == (*dupNum) % 10); ` `} ` ` ` `// The main function that uses ` `// recursive function ` `// isPalUtil() to find out whether ` `// num is palindrome or not ` `int` `isPal(``int` `num) ` `{ ` ` ` ` ``// Check if num is negative, ` ` ``// make it positive ` ` ``if` `(num < 0) ` ` ``num = -num; ` ` ` ` ``// Create a separate copy of num, ` ` ``// so that modifications ` ` ``// made to address dupNum don't ` ` ``// change the input number. ` ` ``// *dupNum = num ` ` ``int``* dupNum = ``new` `int``(num); ` ` ` ` ``return` `isPalUtil(num, dupNum); ` `} ` ` ` `// Driver program to test ` `// above functions ` `int` `main() ` `{ ` ` ``int` `n = 12321; ` ` ``isPal(n) ? cout <<``"Yes\n"``: cout <<``"No"` `<< endl; ` ` ` ` ``n = 12; ` ` ``isPal(n) ? cout <<``"Yes\n"``: cout <<``"No"` `<< endl; ` ` ` ` ``n = 88; ` ` ``isPal(n) ? cout <<``"Yes\n"``: cout <<``"No"` `<< endl; ` ` ` ` ``n = 8999; ` ` ``isPal(n) ? cout <<``"Yes\n"``: cout <<``"No"``; ` ` ``return` `0; ` `} ` ` ` `// this code is contributed by shivanisinghss2110`
## C
`#include ` `#include ` ` ` `// A function that returns true only ` `// if num contains one digit ` `int` `oneDigit(``int` `num) ` `{ ` ` ``// Comparison operation is faster ` ` ``// than division operation. ` ` ``// So using the following instead of "return num / 10 == 0;" ` ` ``return` `(num >= 0 && num < 10); ` `} ` ` ` `// A recursive function to find out whether ` `// num is palindrome or not. ` `// Initially, dupNum contains the address of a copy of num. ` `bool` `isPalUtil(``int` `num, ``int``* dupNum) ` `{ ` ` ``// Base case (needed for recursion termination): ` ` ``// This statement mainly compares the first digit with the last digit. ` ` ``if` `(oneDigit(num)) ` ` ``return` `(num == (*dupNum) % 10); ` ` ` ` ``// This is the key line in this method. ` ` ``// Note that all recursive calls have a separate copy of num, ` ` ``// but they all share the same copy of *dupNum. ` ` ``// We divide num while moving up the recursion tree. ` ` ``if` `(!isPalUtil(num / 10, dupNum)) ` ` ``return` `false``; ` ` ` ` ``// The following statements are executed when we move up the recursion call tree. ` ` ``*dupNum /= 10; ` ` ` ` ``// At this point, if num % 10 contains the i'th digit from the beginning, ` ` ``// then (*dupNum) % 10 contains the i'th digit from the end. ` ` ``return` `(num % 10 == (*dupNum) % 10); ` `} ` ` ` `// The main function that uses the recursive function ` `// isPalUtil() to find out whether num is palindrome or not. ` `bool` `isPal(``int` `num) ` `{ ` ` ``// Check if num is negative, make it positive. ` ` ``if` `(num < 0) ` ` ``num = -num; ` ` ` ` ``// Create a separate copy of num, so that modifications ` ` ``// made to the address dupNum don't change the input number. ` ` ``int` `dupNum = num; ` ` ` ` ``return` `isPalUtil(num, &dupNum); ` `} ` ` ` `// Driver program to test above functions ` `int` `main() ` `{ ` ` ``int` `n = 12321; ` ` ``isPal(n) ? ``printf``(``"Yes\n"``) : ``printf``(``"No\n"``); ` ` ` ` ``n = 12; ` ` ``isPal(n) ? ``printf``(``"Yes\n"``) : ``printf``(``"No\n"``); ` ` ` ` ``n = 88; ` ` ``isPal(n) ? ``printf``(``"Yes\n"``) : ``printf``(``"No\n"``); ` ` ` ` ``n = 8999; ` ` ``isPal(n) ? ``printf``(``"Yes\n"``) : ``printf``(``"No\n"``); ` ` ` ` ``return` `0; ` `} `
## Java
`// A recursive Java program to ` `// check whether a given number ` `// is palindrome or not ` `import` `java.io.*; ` `import` `java.util.*; ` ` ` `public` `class` `CheckPalindromeNumberRecursion { ` ` ` ` ``// A function that returns true ` ` ``// only if num contains one digit ` ` ``public` `static` `int` `oneDigit(``int` `num) { ` ` ` ` ``if` `((num >= ``0``) && (num < ``10``)) ` ` ``return` `1``; ` ` ``else` ` ``return` `0``; ` ` ``} ` ` ` ` ``public` `static` `int` `isPalUtil ` ` ``(``int` `num, ``int` `dupNum) ``throws` `Exception { ` ` ` ` ``// base condition to return once we ` ` ``// move past first digit ` ` ``if` `(num == ``0``) { ` ` ``return` `dupNum; ` ` ``} ``else` `{ ` ` ``dupNum = isPalUtil(num / ``10``, dupNum); ` ` ``} ` ` ` ` ``// Check for equality of first digit of ` ` ``// num and dupNum ` ` ``if` `(num % ``10` `== dupNum % ``10``) { ` ` ``// if first digit values of num and ` ` ``// dupNum are equal divide dupNum ` ` ``// value by 10 to keep moving in sync ` ` ``// with num. ` ` ``return` `dupNum / ``10``; ` ` ``} ``else` `{ ` ` ``// At position values are not ` ` ``// matching throw exception and exit. ` ` ``// no need to proceed further. ` ` ``throw` `new` `Exception(); ` ` ``} ` ` ` ` ``} ` ` ` ` ``public` `static` `int` `isPal(``int` `num) ` ` ``throws` `Exception { ` ` ` ` ``if` `(num < ``0``) ` ` ``num = (-num); ` ` ` ` ``int` `dupNum = (num); ` ` ` ` ``return` `isPalUtil(num, dupNum); ` ` ``} ` ` ` ` ``public` `static` `void` `main(String args[]) { ` ` ` ` ``int` `n = ``12421``; ` ` ``try` `{ ` ` ``isPal(n); ` ` ``System.out.println(``"Yes"``); ` ` ``} ``catch` `(Exception e) { ` ` ``System.out.println(``"No"``); ` ` ``} ` ` ``n = ``1231``; ` ` ``try` `{ ` ` ``isPal(n); ` ` ``System.out.println(``"Yes"``); ` ` ``} ``catch` `(Exception e) { ` ` ``System.out.println(``"No"``); ` ` ``} ` ` ` ` ``n = ``12``; ` ` ``try` `{ ` ` ``isPal(n); ` ` ``System.out.println(``"Yes"``); ` ` ``} ``catch` `(Exception e) { ` ` ``System.out.println(``"No"``); ` ` ``} ` ` ` ` ``n = ``88``; ` ` ``try` `{ ` ` ``isPal(n); ` ` ``System.out.println(``"Yes"``); ` ` ``} ``catch` `(Exception e) { ` ` ``System.out.println(``"No"``); ` ` ``} ` ` ` ` ``n = ``8999``; ` ` ``try` `{ ` ` ``isPal(n); ` ` ``System.out.println(``"Yes"``); ` ` ``} ``catch` `(Exception e) { ` ` ``System.out.println(``"No"``); ` ` ``} ` ` ``} ` `} ` ` ` `// This code is contributed ` `// by Nasir J `
## Python3
`# A recursive Python3 program to check ` `# whether a given number is palindrome or not ` ` ` `# A function that returns true ` `# only if num contains one digit ` `def` `oneDigit(num): ` ` ` ` ``# comparison operation is faster ` ` ``# than division operation. So ` ` ``# using following instead of ` ` ``# "return num / 10 == 0;" ` ` ``return` `((num >``=` `0``) ``and` ` ``(num < ``10``)) ` ` ` `# A recursive function to find ` `# out whether num is palindrome ` `# or not. Initially, dupNum ` `# contains address of a copy of num. ` `def` `isPalUtil(num, dupNum): ` ` ` ` ``# Base case (needed for recursion ` ` ``# termination): This statement ` ` ``# mainly compares the first digit ` ` ``# with the last digit ` ` ``if` `oneDigit(num): ` ` ``return` `(num ``=``=` `(dupNum[``0``]) ``%` `10``) ` ` ` ` ``# This is the key line in this ` ` ``# method. Note that all recursive ` ` ``# calls have a separate copy of ` ` ``# num, but they all share same ` ` ``# copy of *dupNum. We divide num ` ` ``# while moving up the recursion tree ` ` ``if` `not` `isPalUtil(num ``/``/``10``, dupNum): ` ` ``return` `False` ` ` ` ``# The following statements are ` ` ``# executed when we move up the ` ` ``# recursion call tree ` ` ``dupNum[``0``] ``=` `dupNum[``0``] ``/``/``10` ` ` ` ``# At this point, if num%10 ` ` ``# contains i'th digit from ` ` ``# beginning, then (*dupNum)%10 ` ` ``# contains i'th digit from end ` ` ``return` `(num ``%` `10` `=``=` `(dupNum[``0``]) ``%` `10``) ` ` ` `# The main function that uses ` `# recursive function isPalUtil() ` `# to find out whether num is ` `# palindrome or not ` `def` `isPal(num): ` ` ``# If num is negative, ` ` ``# make it positive ` ` ``if` `(num < ``0``): ` ` ``num ``=` `(``-``num) ` ` ` ` ``# Create a separate copy of ` ` ``# num, so that modifications ` ` ``# made to address dupNum ` ` ``# don't change the input number. ` ` ``dupNum ``=` `[num] ``# *dupNum = num ` ` ` ` ``return` `isPalUtil(num, dupNum) ` ` ` `# Driver Code ` `n ``=` `12321` `if` `isPal(n): ` ` ``print``(``"Yes"``) ` `else``: ` ` ``print``(``"No"``) ` ` ` `n ``=` `12` `if` `isPal(n) : ` ` ``print``(``"Yes"``) ` `else``: ` ` ``print``(``"No"``) ` ` ` `n ``=` `88` `if` `isPal(n) : ` ` ``print``(``"Yes"``) ` `else``: ` ` ``print``(``"No"``) ` ` ` `n ``=` `8999` `if` `isPal(n) : ` ` ``print``(``"Yes"``) ` `else``: ` ` ``print``(``"No"``) ` ` ` `# This code is contributed by mits `
## C#
`// A recursive C# program to ` `// check whether a given number ` `// is palindrome or not ` `using` `System; ` ` ` `class` `GFG ` `{ ` ` ` `// A function that returns true ` `// only if num contains one digit ` `public` `static` `int` `oneDigit(``int` `num) ` `{ ` ` ``// comparison operation is ` ` ``// faster than division ` ` ``// operation. So using ` ` ``// following instead of ` ` ``// "return num / 10 == 0;" ` ` ``if``((num >= 0) &&(num < 10)) ` ` ``return` `1; ` ` ``else` ` ``return` `0; ` `} ` ` ` `// A recursive function to ` `// find out whether num is ` `// palindrome or not. ` `// Initially, dupNum contains ` `// address of a copy of num. ` `public` `static` `int` `isPalUtil(``int` `num, ` ` ``int` `dupNum) ` `{ ` ` ``// Base case (needed for recursion ` ` ``// termination): This statement ` ` ``// mainly compares the first digit ` ` ``// with the last digit ` ` ``if` `(oneDigit(num) == 1) ` ` ``if``(num == (dupNum) % 10) ` ` ``return` `1; ` ` ``else` ` ``return` `0; ` ` ` ` ``// This is the key line in ` ` ``// this method. Note that ` ` ``// all recursive calls have ` ` ``// a separate copy of num, ` ` ``// but they all share same ` ` ``// copy of *dupNum. We divide ` ` ``// num while moving up the ` ` ``// recursion tree ` ` ``if` `(isPalUtil((``int``)(num / 10), dupNum) == 0) ` ` ``return` `-1; ` ` ` ` ``// The following statements ` ` ``// are executed when we move ` ` ``// up the recursion call tree ` ` ``dupNum = (``int``)(dupNum / 10); ` ` ` ` ``// At this point, if num%10 ` ` ``// contains i'th digit from ` ` ``// beginning, then (*dupNum)%10 ` ` ``// contains i'th digit from end ` ` ``if``(num % 10 == (dupNum) % 10) ` ` ``return` `1; ` ` ``else` ` ``return` `0; ` `} ` ` ` `// The main function that uses ` `// recursive function isPalUtil() ` `// to find out whether num is ` `// palindrome or not ` `public` `static` `int` `isPal(``int` `num) ` `{ ` ` ``// If num is negative, ` ` ``// make it positive ` ` ``if` `(num < 0) ` ` ``num = (-num); ` ` ` ` ``// Create a separate copy ` ` ``// of num, so that modifications ` ` ``// made to address dupNum ` ` ``// don't change the input number. ` ` ``int` `dupNum = (num); ``// *dupNum = num ` ` ` ` ``return` `isPalUtil(num, dupNum); ` `} ` ` ` `// Driver Code ` `public` `static` `void` `Main() ` `{ ` `int` `n = 12321; ` `if``(isPal(n) == 0) ` ` ``Console.WriteLine(``"Yes"``); ` `else` ` ``Console.WriteLine(``"No"``); ` ` ` `n = 12; ` `if``(isPal(n) == 0) ` ` ``Console.WriteLine(``"Yes"``); ` `else` ` ``Console.WriteLine( ``"No"``); ` ` ` `n = 88; ` `if``(isPal(n) == 1) ` ` ``Console.WriteLine(``"Yes"``); ` `else` ` ``Console.WriteLine(``"No"``); ` ` ` `n = 8999; ` `if``(isPal(n) == 0) ` ` ``Console.WriteLine(``"Yes"``); ` `else` ` ``Console.WriteLine(``"No"``); ` `} ` `} ` ` ` `// This code is contributed by mits `
## Javascript
` `
## PHP
`= 0) && ` ` ``(``\$num` `< 10)); ` `} ` ` ` `// A recursive function to find ` `// out whether num is palindrome ` `// or not. Initially, dupNum ` `// contains address of a copy of num. ` `function` `isPalUtil(``\$num``, ``\$dupNum``) ` `{ ` ` ``// Base case (needed for recursion ` ` ``// termination): This statement ` ` ``// mainly compares the first digit ` ` ``// with the last digit ` ` ``if` `(oneDigit(``\$num``)) ` ` ``return` `(``\$num` `== (``\$dupNum``) % 10); ` ` ` ` ``// This is the key line in this ` ` ``// method. Note that all recursive ` ` ``// calls have a separate copy of ` ` ``// num, but they all share same ` ` ``// copy of *dupNum. We divide num ` ` ``// while moving up the recursion tree ` ` ``if` `(!isPalUtil((int)(``\$num` `/ 10), ` ` ``\$dupNum``)) ` ` ``return` `-1; ` ` ` ` ``// The following statements are ` ` ``// executed when we move up the ` ` ``// recursion call tree ` ` ``\$dupNum` `= (int)(``\$dupNum` `/ 10); ` ` ` ` ``// At this point, if num%10 ` ` ``// contains i'th digit from ` ` ``// beginning, then (*dupNum)%10 ` ` ``// contains i'th digit from end ` ` ``return` `(``\$num` `% 10 == (``\$dupNum``) % 10); ` `} ` ` ` `// The main function that uses ` `// recursive function isPalUtil() ` `// to find out whether num is ` `// palindrome or not ` `function` `isPal(``\$num``) ` `{ ` ` ``// If num is negative, ` ` ``// make it positive ` ` ``if` `(``\$num` `< 0) ` ` ``\$num` `= (-``\$num``); ` ` ` ` ``// Create a separate copy of ` ` ``// num, so that modifications ` ` ``// made to address dupNum ` ` ``// don't change the input number. ` ` ``\$dupNum` `= (``\$num``); ``// *dupNum = num ` ` ` ` ``return` `isPalUtil(``\$num``, ``\$dupNum``); ` `} ` ` ` `// Driver Code ` `\$n` `= 12321; ` `if``(isPal(``\$n``) == 0) ` ` ``echo` `"Yes\n"``; ` `else` ` ``echo` `"No\n"``; ` ` ` `\$n` `= 12; ` `if``(isPal(``\$n``) == 0) ` ` ``echo` `"Yes\n"``; ` `else` ` ``echo` `"No\n"``; ` ` ` `\$n` `= 88; ` `if``(isPal(``\$n``) == 1) ` ` ``echo` `"Yes\n"``; ` `else` ` ``echo` `"No\n"``; ` ` ` `\$n` `= 8999; ` `if``(isPal(``\$n``) == 0) ` ` ``echo` `"Yes\n"``; ` `else` ` ``echo` `"No\n"``; ` ` ` `// This code is contributed by m_kit ` `?> `
Output
```Yes
No
Yes
No
```
Time Complexity: O(log n)
Auxiliary Space: O(log n)
To check a number is palindrome or not without using any extra space
Method 2:Using string() method
• When the number of digits of that number exceeds 1018, we can’t take that number as an integer since the range of long long int doesn’t satisfy the given number.
• So take input as a string, Run a loop from starting to length/2 and check the first character(numeric) to the last character of the string and second to second last one, and so on ….If any character mismatches, the string wouldn’t be a palindrome.
Below is the implementation of the above approach
## C++14
`// C++ implementation of the above approach ` `#include ` `using` `namespace` `std; ` ` ` `// Function to check palindrome ` `int` `checkPalindrome(string str) ` `{ ` ` ``// Calculating string length ` ` ``int` `len = str.length(); ` ` ` ` ``// Traversing through the string ` ` ``// upto half its length ` ` ``for` `(``int` `i = 0; i < len / 2; i++) { ` ` ` ` ``// Comparing i th character ` ` ``// from starting and len-i ` ` ``// th character from end ` ` ``if` `(str[i] != str[len - i - 1]) ` ` ``return` `false``; ` ` ``} ` ` ` ` ``// If the above loop doesn't return then it is ` ` ``// palindrome ` ` ``return` `true``; ` `} ` ` ` `// Driver Code ` `int` `main() ` `{ ``// taking number as string ` ` ``string st ` ` ``= ``"112233445566778899000000998877665544332211"``; ` ` ``if` `(checkPalindrome(st) == ``true``) ` ` ``cout << ``"Yes"``; ` ` ``else` ` ``cout << ``"No"``; ` ` ``return` `0; ` `} ` `// this code is written by vikkycirus`
## Java
`// Java implementation of the above approach ` `import` `java.io.*; ` ` ` `class` `GFG{ ` ` ` `// Function to check palindrome ` `static` `boolean` `checkPalindrome(String str) ` `{ ` ` ` ` ``// Calculating string length ` ` ``int` `len = str.length(); ` ` ` ` ``// Traversing through the string ` ` ``// upto half its length ` ` ``for``(``int` `i = ``0``; i < len / ``2``; i++) ` ` ``{ ` ` ` ` ``// Comparing i th character ` ` ``// from starting and len-i ` ` ``// th character from end ` ` ``if` `(str.charAt(i) != ` ` ``str.charAt(len - i - ``1``)) ` ` ``return` `false``; ` ` ``} ` ` ` ` ``// If the above loop doesn't return then ` ` ``// it is palindrome ` ` ``return` `true``; ` `} ` ` ` `// Driver Code ` `public` `static` `void` `main(String[] args) ` `{ ` ` ` ` ``// Taking number as string ` ` ``String st = ``"112233445566778899000000998877665544332211"``; ` ` ` ` ``if` `(checkPalindrome(st) == ``true``) ` ` ``System.out.print(``"Yes"``); ` ` ``else` ` ``System.out.print(``"No"``); ` `} ` `} ` ` ` `// This code is contributed by subhammahato348`
## Python3
`# Python3 implementation of the above approach ` ` ` `# function to check palindrome ` `def` `checkPalindrome(``str``): ` ` ` ` ``# Run loop from 0 to len/2 ` ` ``for` `i ``in` `range``(``0``, ``len``(``str``)``/``/``2``): ` ` ``if` `str``[i] !``=` `str``[``len``(``str``)``-``i``-``1``]: ` ` ``return` `False` ` ` ` ``# If the above loop doesn't ` ` ``#return then it is palindrome ` ` ``return` `True` ` ` ` ` `# Driver code ` `st ``=` `"112233445566778899000000998877665544332211"` `if``(checkPalindrome(st) ``=``=` `True``): ` ` ``print``(``"it is a palindrome"``) ` `else``: ` ` ``print``(``"It is not a palindrome"``) `
## C#
`// C# implementation of the above approach ` `using` `System; ` ` ` `class` `GFG{ ` ` ` `// Function to check palindrome ` `static` `bool` `checkPalindrome(``string` `str) ` `{ ` ` ` ` ``// Calculating string length ` ` ``int` `len = str.Length; ` ` ` ` ``// Traversing through the string ` ` ``// upto half its length ` ` ``for``(``int` `i = 0; i < len / 2; i++) ` ` ``{ ` ` ` ` ``// Comparing i th character ` ` ``// from starting and len-i ` ` ``// th character from end ` ` ``if` `(str[i] != str[len - i - 1]) ` ` ``return` `false``; ` ` ``} ` ` ` ` ``// If the above loop doesn't return then ` ` ``// it is palindrome ` ` ``return` `true``; ` `} ` ` ` `// Driver Code ` `public` `static` `void` `Main() ` `{ ` ` ` ` ``// Taking number as string ` ` ``string` `st = ``"112233445566778899000000998877665544332211"``; ` ` ` ` ``if` `(checkPalindrome(st) == ``true``) ` ` ``Console.Write(``"Yes"``); ` ` ``else` ` ``Console.Write(``"No"``); ` `} ` `} ` ` ` `// This code is contributed by subhammahato348`
## Javascript
` `
Output
```Yes
```
Time Complexity: O(|str|)
Auxiliary Space: O(1)
Method 3:
Here is the simplest approach to check if a number is Palindrome or not . This approach can be used when the number of digits in the given number is less than 10^18 because if the number of digits of that number exceeds 10^18, we can’t take that number as an integer since the range of long long int doesn’t satisfy the given number.
To check whether the given number is palindrome or not we will just reverse the digits of the given number and check if the reverse of that number is equal to the original number or not . If reverse of number is equal to that number than the number will be Palindrome else it will not a Palindrome.
## C++
`// C++ program to check if a number is Palindrome ` `#include ` `using` `namespace` `std; ` `// Function to check Palindrome ` `bool` `checkPalindrome(``int` `n) ` `{ ` ` ``int` `reverse = 0; ` ` ``int` `temp = n; ` ` ``while` `(temp != 0) { ` ` ``reverse = (reverse * 10) + (temp % 10); ` ` ``temp = temp / 10; ` ` ``} ` ` ``return` `(reverse ` ` ``== n); ``// if it is true then it will return 1; ` ` ``// else if false it will return 0; ` `} ` `int` `main() ` `{ ` ` ``int` `n = 7007; ` ` ``if` `(checkPalindrome(n) == 1) { ` ` ``cout << ``"Yes\n"``; ` ` ``} ` ` ``else` `{ ` ` ``cout << ``"No\n"``; ` ` ``} ` ` ``return` `0; ` `} ` `// This code is contributed by Suruchi Kumari`
## Java
`/*package whatever //do not write package name here */` ` ` `import` `java.io.*; ` ` ` `class` `GFG { ` ` ``// Java program to check if a number is Palindrome ` ` ` ` ``// Function to check Palindrome ` ` ``static` `boolean` `checkPalindrome(``int` `n) ` ` ``{ ` ` ``int` `reverse = ``0``; ` ` ``int` `temp = n; ` ` ``while` `(temp != ``0``) { ` ` ``reverse = (reverse * ``10``) + (temp % ``10``); ` ` ``temp = temp / ``10``; ` ` ``} ` ` ``return` `(reverse == n); ``// if it is true then it will return 1; ` ` ``// else if false it will return 0; ` ` ``} ` ` ` ` ``// Driver Code ` ` ``public` `static` `void` `main(String args[]) ` ` ``{ ` ` ``int` `n = ``7007``; ` ` ``if` `(checkPalindrome(n) == ``true``) { ` ` ``System.out.println(``"Yes"``); ` ` ``} ` ` ``else` `{ ` ` ``System.out.println(``"No"``); ` ` ``} ` ` ``} ` `} ` ` ` `// This code is contributed by shinjanpatra`
## Python3
`# Python3 program to check if a number is Palindrome ` ` ` `# Function to check Palindrome ` `def` `checkPalindrome(n): ` ` ` ` ``reverse ``=` `0` ` ``temp ``=` `n ` ` ``while` `(temp !``=` `0``): ` ` ``reverse ``=` `(reverse ``*` `10``) ``+` `(temp ``%` `10``) ` ` ``temp ``=` `temp ``/``/` `10` ` ` ` ``return` `(reverse ``=``=` `n) ``# if it is true then it will return 1; ` ` ``# else if false it will return 0; ` ` ` `# driver code ` `n ``=` `7007` `if` `(checkPalindrome(n) ``=``=` `1``): ` ` ``print``(``"Yes"``) ` ` ` `else``: ` ` ``print``(``"No"``) ` ` ` `# This code is contributed by shinjanpatra`
## C#
`// C# program to check if a number is Palindrome ` ` ` `using` `System; ` ` ` `class` `GFG { ` ` ` ` ``// Function to check Palindrome ` ` ``static` `bool` `checkPalindrome(``int` `n) ` ` ``{ ` ` ``int` `reverse = 0; ` ` ``int` `temp = n; ` ` ``while` `(temp != 0) { ` ` ``reverse = (reverse * 10) + (temp % 10); ` ` ``temp = temp / 10; ` ` ``} ` ` ``return` `( ` ` ``reverse ` ` ``== n); ``// if it is true then it will return 1; ` ` ``// else if false it will return 0; ` ` ``} ` ` ` ` ``// Driver Code ` ` ``public` `static` `void` `Main(``string``[] args) ` ` ``{ ` ` ``int` `n = 7007; ` ` ``if` `(checkPalindrome(n) == ``true``) { ` ` ``Console.WriteLine(``"Yes"``); ` ` ``} ` ` ``else` `{ ` ` ``Console.WriteLine(``"No"``); ` ` ``} ` ` ``} ` `} ` ` ` `// This code is contributed by phasing17`
## Javascript
``
Output
```Yes
```
Time Complexity : O(log10(n)) or O(Number of digits in a given number)
Auxiliary space : O(1) or constant |
से ज्यादा लोगों को गिरफ्तार किया गया है। इनमें से अधिकतर अफगान है। जियो न्यूज की रिपोर्ट के अनुसार आज अफगान सीमा के पार एक और लक्षित हमले में कम से कम 15 आतंकवादी मारे गए। शहर के कबीर नगर में 20 मई को मेनहोल में गिरने से एक बालक शुभम की मौत के बाद शहर के वार्डों में खुले नालीनाले की समस्या को 22 मई से नईदुनिया ने प्रमुखता से उठाना शुरू किया। अभियान चलाकर सभी आठों जोन के विभिन्न वार्डों में खतरनाक खुले नाले और नालियों की स्थिति को सामने लाया। शिवानंद नगर, बंजारी माता वार्ड, शहीद चूड़ामणि वार्ड सहित अन्य वार्डों में नालियों की सफाई नहीं होने के मुद्दे को भी प्रमुखता उठाया, निर्माण कार्य की खामियों को उजागर किया। लॉकडाउन के दौरान शहर की नालियों की सफाई कराने में पिछड़े निगम ने नईदुनिया के अभियान को संज्ञान में लिया। नालीनालों के खुले मेनहोल को ढकने की कवायद शुरू की। वहीं वार्डों में नालियों की सफाई में तेजी लाने के लिए महापौर एजाज ढेबर और आयुक्त सौरभ कुमार ने दिशानिर्देश जारी किए। महापौर ने साफ तौर पर हिदायत दी है कि हर हाल में नालियों की सफाई की जाए। भारतीय टीम बांग्लादेश के होम ग्राउंड पर जीत</s> |
क्या आप सोच सकते हैं कि नोटबंदी के दौरान मुफ्त इलाज करके लोगों की मदद करने वाले कई डॉक्टर दरअसल दिखावा कर रहे थे? सभी तो नहीं, लेकिन ज्यादातर मामलों में यह बात सच पाई गई है। डॉक्टर की पर्ची पर प्राइवेट केमिस्ट से दवा खरीदने पर भी ५०० रुपये के नोट चलाए जा सकते हैं। पहले ये छूट १००० के नोट पर भी थी। इस छूट ने कई डॉक्टरों को बेइमानी का मौका दे दिया। इन डॉक्टरों ने फौरन ऐलान कर दिया कि वो लोगों का इलाज बिना कोई फीस लिए करेंगे। दरअसल इस चैरिटी के पीछे अपने काले पैसे को सफेद करने का बड़ा खेल था। न्यूज़लूज़ को सूत्रों से पता चला है कि शुरुआती दिनों में ही सरकार को इस धांधली की खबर मिल गई थी, जिसके बाद ऐसे कई दयालु डॉक्टरों की बाकायदा पड़ताल करवाई गई और ज्यादातर में शक सही निकला। देश भर में ऐसे डॉक्टर्स की लिस्ट तैयार की गई है।
मुफ्त इलाज की बात सुनते ही इन डॉक्टरों के यहां मरीजों की भीड़ बढ़ गई। डॉक्टर मरीजों को महंगी दवाएं लिख रहे थे, जिन्हें उनके अपने नर्सिंग होम या अस्पताल के केमिस्ट से खरीदना होता था। यहां पर काफी मात्रा में १०० और ५० के छोटे नोट भी जमा हो रहे थे, जिन्हें डॉक्टर अपने बड़े नोट से बदल लेते। इसके अलावा बड़ी संख्या में फर्जी मरीजों की पर्चियां भी तैयार कराई गईं। जिनके नाम पर डॉक्टरों ने भारी मात्रा में अपनी काली कमाई को सफेद बनाया।
जिन डॉक्टरों के पास अपना नर्सिंग होम नहीं था, उन्होंने इस खेल के लिए आसपास के किसी केमिस्ट शॉप को अपना मददगार बनाया। खुद डॉक्टर या उनके असिस्टेंट मरीज को बता देते थे कि ये दवाएं उसी केमिस्ट पर ही मिलेंगी। मरीज जब ५०० या १००० की नोट देता तो दवा की दुकान वाला छुट्टे न होने की बात कहकर खुले पैसे देने को बोलता। इस तरह से केमिस्ट के पास शाम तक काफी मात्रा में छोटी नोट जमा हो जातीं और डॉक्टर इनको अपनी ५०० और १००० की नोट से बदल लेते। केमिस्ट का फायदा ये कि उसे ज्यादा मार्जिन वाली दवाएं बेचने का मौका मिल गया। दवा कंपनियों और दुकानदारों ने अपनी बिक्री बढ़ने के बदले में ऐसे डॉक्टरों को खूब तोहफे भी दिए हैं। इस तरीके में भी डॉक्टर के फर्जी परचों पर दवाइयों की बिक्री दिखाई गई है।
जालसाजी करने वाले ऐसे कई बड़े डॉक्टरों की पूरी डिटेल सरकार के पास पहुंच चुकी है। इस लिस्ट की जांच का काम एक टास्क फोर्स को सौंपा गया है, जिसके बाद तय किया जाएगा कि क्या इन जालसाज डॉक्टरों के नाम सार्वजनिक कर दिए जाएं। ताकि समाज इनका असली चेहरा देख सके। इनकम टैक्स विभाग का फोकस अभी ज्यादातर बड़ी मछलियों पर है, इसलिए ऐसे डॉक्टरों पर फौरन किसी कार्रवाई की उम्मीद नहीं है। हालांकि यह तय है कि आगे चलकर इन सभी को भी हिसाब देना पड़ेगा। खास तौर पर सालाना रिटर्न फाइल करते वक्त उन्हें अपनी करनी का नतीजा भुगतना पड़ सकता है। दरअसल नोटबंदी का शिकार होने वालों में एक बड़ा तबका डॉक्टरों का भी है। बिना पक्की पर्ची के मरीज देखने वाले कई डॉक्टर कोई टैक्स नहीं चुकाते और भारी मात्रा में ब्लैकमनी अपने पास रखते हैं। |
Acne treatment options include prescription-strength medications, including topical retinoids, antibiotics or isotretinoin. Dr. Popkin will recommend an acne treatment plan based on several factors, including the severity of acne (mild, moderate or severe), its location, presence of acne scars, and your response to previous acne medications.
Actinic keratoses (also referred to as “AKs”) are dry, scaly patches that form on sun exposed areas of the skin, such as the scalp, face, and forearms. Actinic keratoses are considered precancerous because they have the potential to become a type of skin cancer called squamous cell carcinoma. Dr. Popkin will be diligent in diagnosing, treating, and monitoring actinic keratoses. Treatment options include procedures, such as cryotherapy (freezing), and topical medications (5-FU, imiquimod, Levulan Medication with blue light).
Atopic dermatitis, also called “eczema” is a common skin disorder that causes dry, itching and inflamed skin. The rash of atopic dermatitis comes and goes in cycles. A variety of triggers, such as allergies or infections may lead to a “flare”, or worsening of the rash.
During a flare, treatment options include topical corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors (Protopic), antihistamines, and antibiotics. Dr. Popkin will recommend a treatment based on the location of the dermatitis, severity of symptoms, the presence of possible skin infection, and your response to past treatments. Atopic dermatitis can often be kept under control with appropriate skin care, including the regular use of moisturizers.
Hair loss is a common complaint among our patients, both men and women. Although is it normal to shed hairs each day, excessive hair loss can lead to a thinning hair line, and areas of baldness. There are several hair loss treatments that may help promote hair growth or hide hair loss.
Although there is no cure for psoriasis, there are several effective psoriasis treatments that that can help bring psoriasis under control. Psoriasis medications include those applied to the skin (topical corticosteroids, vitamin D derivatives, and topical retinoids) and those taken by mouth (cyclosporine and methotrexate). In addition, phototherapy (PUVA) and new biologic medications provide additional treatment options for moderate to severe psoriasis that fails to respond to other treatments.
Dr. Popkin will a recommended a treatment based on the type of psoriasis, its location, severity, and your response to previous treatments.
Rosacea is a common skin disorder that causes redness and swelling of the face, usually among those 30 to 50 years old. There are four subtypes of rosacea that describe the changes to the skin. Rosacea subtype 1 describes the flushing and facial redness that may appear. Rosacea subtype 2 (papulaopustular rosacea) describes the bumps and pimples that may develop. People with rosacea have more than one rosacea subtype at the same time.
Early rosacea treatment is important to prevent rosacea symptoms from worsening. Options include topical medications (azelaic acid, metronidazole) and oral medications (low-dose doxycycline). Laser or light therapies may also be used to control the redness or skin thickening. Dr. Popkin will recommend a treatment plan based on the subtype of rosacea present and its severity.
Skin Cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) are the two major forms of “non-melanoma” skin cancer. Skin cancer treatment options, include medications (imiquimod, 5-FU), excision, and Mohs Surgery. We strongly recommend the regular use of sunscreens and sun avoidance measures to reduce your risk of developing skin cancer.
Regular skin self-exams are also important for monitoring changes to your skin. Contact us if you find a skin lesion that you find concerning.
Seborrheic dermatitis is a very common condition that causes waxy, yellowish to red, scaly patches to form on oily areas of the skin such as the scalp, eyelids, ears and in the folds around the nose.
Powered by Vivacare |
Tuesday, August 2, 2011
The debt crisis – Did I miss something?
In the recent debate and resolution of the debt crisis, it seems that all sides have declared victory. How is this possible? Naturally, if all the big spenders are not harping then we all should be suspicious. The deal raises the debt ceiling by a whopping $2 trillion while cutting spending by the same amount. Some intriguing questions arise. First, two trillion dollars seems like a lot. The reason the debt ceiling was reached was that in this fiscal year, the amount remaining to be spent out of appropriations would have required the Treasury borrowing in excess of the debt ceiling. That amount is not $2 trillion but a number far less. The question is why didn’t the debt ceiling rise by just that amount? The answer is that the spending is slated to increase by larger amounts over the next two years and the congress did not want to revisit the issue at the start of the next fiscal year. Second, if the borrowing authority increased by $2 trillion and spending was “cut” by $2 trillion, then doesn’t that create considerable slack between the ceiling and the actual debt? The answer is no. The major sources of the increase in spending are in social security and medicare. Those have not been addressed. Third, the enormous increase in spending over the past four years have been baked into the cake and are part of the base. If that spending were temporary, then at least $2 trillion would have gone away meaning there would have been no crisis. That the politicians allowed $2 trillion to be put into the base line is obscene. Fourth, all of the hand wringing is just another charade. Remember when we had that “crisis” last year that forced Obama to prolong the Bush tax cuts and “cut” $300 billion in spending? As I pointed out then, $300 billion is a rounding error. The same can be said for the $900 billion in “cuts” that are to occur immediately and the $1.5 billion in “cuts” that are supposed to come later. If these were truly cuts, then the debt ceiling would have only had to be raised by the amount necessary to get through the fiscal year - a much smaller amount.In reality, despite the rise in the debt ceiling and the supposed "cuts", US debt is still projected to rise by $7 trillion over the next decade instead of rising by $9 trillion. We have been had. |
# How to calculate $B(x_1,y_1)$ when $\alpha$ and $A(x_0,y_0)$ are known?
In case one want to calculate $\alpha$ angle between $AB$ vector and $x$ axis, it can calculate $\alpha=arctan2(x_1-x_0,y_1-y_0)$. Thus, for example for $A(0,0)$ and $B(10,10)$ one will get $\alpha$ equal to 45°. Is there a way to calculate $x_1,y_1$ coordinates when $\alpha$ angle and $x_0,y_0$ are given?
• You need also the distance $AB$. – Emilio Novati Mar 11 '16 at 18:15
• Say, it is known and we can call it as $z$. – bluevoxel Mar 11 '16 at 18:16
If we know the distance $AB=r$ than we have: $$x_1=x_0+r\cos \alpha \qquad y_1=y_0+r \sin \alpha$$
• It is worth to mention that $\alpha$ has to be in radians. – bluevoxel Mar 11 '16 at 18:40
• No matter! $\alpha$ cam be in radians or degree, anyway $\cos \alpha$ and $\sin \alpha$ have one well defined value for given $\alpha$. – Emilio Novati Mar 11 '16 at 19:01 |
- The base of the ornament is heavy cardboard covered in Basic Grey Figgy Pudding decorative paper, distressed with DI Forest Moss and Vintage Photo, and spritzed with Perfect Pearls Mist.
- The image is from Crafty Secrets Heartwarming Vintage Cuts 'Winter Wonderland' and is covered in a layer of Tim Holtz Rock Candy Distress Paint.
- I embossed a raw chipboard frame using the Tim Holtz Patchwork texture fade, then painted it with white acrylic paint. I added layers of Distress inks and black antiquing gel before I was finally satisfied with the color and appearance. Finally, I sprayed it with Perfect Pearls Mists in both Perfect Pearl and Heirloom Gold.
Paper: Basic Grey Figgy Pudding ‘Balsam’
Image: Crafty Secrets Heartwarming Vintage Cuts ‘Winter Wonderland’
Inks: Folk Art acrylic paint ‘Wicker White’; TH Crackle Paint ‘Rock Candy’; Distress Inks ‘Forest Moss’, ‘Broken China’, ‘Peeled Paint’, ‘Old Paper’, ‘Vintage Photo’; Delta Black Antiquing Gel
Embellishments: Making Memories chip board snowflakes; JoAnn glitter ‘Crystal’; Martha Stewart fine glitter ‘Crystal’; chipboard frame; TH texture fade ‘Patchwork’; pearls; 7Gypsies ‘Princesca Hardware’; Perfect Pearls Mist ‘Perfect Pearls’, ‘Heirloom Gold’; Hug Snug seam binding; SU! silver cord
Tools: Texture Boutique; SU! eyelet tool set; heat gun; Glossy Accents |
# Precalculus : Graph Radical Functions
## Example Questions
### Example Question #1 : Radical Functions
Graph:
Explanation:
Remember , for .
Step 1, realize where starts: A) observe never occurs, B) zero-out the radical component of ;
C) The resulting point is .
Step 2, find simple points for after
, so use
The next resulting point; .
, so use ;
The next resulting point; .
Step 3, draw a curve through the considered points.
### Example Question #2 : Radical Functions
Solve for and use the solution to show where the radical functions intersect:
Explanation:
To solve, first square both sides of the equation to reverse the square-rooting of the binomials, then simplify:
Now solve for :
The x-coordinate for the intersection point is .
Choose one of the two radical functions that compose the equation, and set the function equal to y. The more simple a function is, the easier it is to use:
Now substitute into the function.
The y-coordinate of the intersection point is .
The intersection point of the two radical functions is .
Now graph the two radical functions:
, |
Hangouts is a convenient way of of participating in text, voice, and/or video chats from anywhere that you have access to the Internet.
To set up Hangouts:
- Open Gmail.
- In the bottom-left corner of your inbox, click Hangouts to open Hangouts.
Note: If you don’t see Hangouts , you may need to turn on Hangouts first.
To start a Hangout:
If you see the name of someone you’re trying to reach:
- Hover over the name.
- Click Chat to send a chat message, or click Video call to start a video call.
If the person you’re trying to reach isn’t on the list, or if you want to contact several people at once:
- Click Search and type people’s names.
- Check the box next to each person you’d like to reach.
- When you finish adding everyone, click or . |
बाइबल सृष्टिवाद बनाम विकासवाद के बारे में क्या कहती है?
प्रश्न: बाइबल सृष्टिवाद बनाम विकासवाद के बारे में क्या कहती है?
उत्तर: सृष्टिवाद बनाम विकासवाद के विवाद के ऊपर एक वैज्ञानिक तर्क को प्रस्तुत करना यहाँ इस प्रश्न के उत्तर का उद्देश्य नहीं है। क्योंकि सृष्टिवाद और/या इसके विरूद्ध विकासवाद के वैज्ञानिक तर्कों में, हम जोर देकर यह सिफारिश करते हैं कि आन्सरर्स इन ज़िनेसिस एंड इन्स्टीटीयूट फॉर क्रिएशन रिसर्च अर्थात् उत्पत्ति में दिए हुए उत्तरों और सृष्टिवाद अनुसंधान की संस्थान की वैबसाइट में दिए हुए उत्तरों को देखा जाए। इस लेख का उद्देश्य यह विवरण देना नहीं है कि क्यों, बाइबल के अनुसार, सृष्टिवाद बनाम विकासवाद वाद विवाद के अस्तित्व में है। रोमियों १:२५ घोषणा करता है, "क्योंकि उन्होंने परमेश्वर की सच्चाई को बदलकर झूठ बना डाला और सृष्टि की उपासना और सेवा की है, न कि उस सृजनहार की जो सदा धन्य है। आमीन।"
इस विवाद का मुख्य तथ्य यह है कि वैज्ञानिकों का विशाल बहुमत जो विकासवाद में विश्वास करता है नास्तिक अज्ञेयवादी हैं। यहाँ पर कुछ ऐसे भी हैं जो किसी तरह के ईश्ववरवादी विकासवाद को थामे रहते हैं और कुछ अन्य ऐसे हैं जो परमेश्वर के द्वैतवादी दृष्टिकोण (परमेश्वर अस्तित्व में है परन्तु वह इस संसार में कार्यरत् नहीं है, और सब कुछ प्राकृतिक प्रक्रिया के साथ निकल कर आ रहा है)। यहाँ पर कुछ ऐसे हैं जो ईमानदारी और विश्वासयोग्यता के साथ आंकड़ों को देखते हैं और तब इस निष्कर्ष तक पहुँचते हैं कि विकासवाद आंकड़ों के साथ सही तरह से आकार में आता है। परन्तु, यह वैज्ञानिकों के बहुत ही कम प्रतिशत को प्रस्तुत करता है जो इस तरह के विकासवाद की वकालत करते हैं। विकासवाद में विश्वास रखने वाले वैज्ञानिकों का एक विशाल बहुमत यह मानना है कि जीवन पूरी तरह से बिना किसी उच्चत्तम अस्तित्व के हस्तक्षेप के द्वारा विकसित हुआ है। विकासवाद अपनी परिभाषा के अनुरूप प्राकृतिकवादी विज्ञान है।
यदि नास्तिकवाद को सत्य होना है, तो यहाँ पर कोई न कोई एक सृष्टिकर्ता को छोड़ कर वैकल्पिक विवरण होना चाहिए कि कैसे ब्रम्हाण्ड और जीवन अस्तित्व में आया। हांलाकि विकासवाद के कुछ अन्य ढांचों में विश्वास चार्ल्स डार्विन से भी पहले से पाया जाता है, वह पहला ऐसा व्यक्ति हुआ जिसने विकासवाद की प्रक्रिया के लिए एक सत्य जैसे दिखाई देने वाले नमूने - प्राकृतिक चुनाव को विकसित किया। डार्विन एक बार स्वयं को मसीही होने की पहचान करता था परन्तु कुछ त्रासदियों के कारण जो उसके जीवन में घटित हुई, उसने बाद में मसीही विश्वास और परमेश्वर के अस्तित्व के होने को त्याग दिया। विकासवाद की खोज एक नास्तिक ने की थी। डार्विन का लक्ष्य परमेश्वर के अस्तित्व को अस्वीकार करने का नहीं था, परन्तु यह तो उसके विकासवाद के सिद्धान्त के कई परिणामों में से एक है। विकासवाद ने नास्तिकवाद को एक और योग्यता प्रदान की है। विकासवादी वैज्ञानिक इस बात को स्वीकार करने में हिचकिचाते हैं कि उनका लक्ष्य जीवन के उद्भव के लिए वैकल्पिक विवरण देना का है, परिणाम स्वरूप वे नास्तिकवाद को नींव प्रदान करते हैं, परन्तु बाइबल के अनुसार, यही बिल्कुल ठीक है कि क्यों विकासवाद का सिद्धान्त अस्तित्व में है।
बाइबल हमें बताती है, "मूर्ख ने अपने मन में कहा है कि, 'कोई परमेश्वर है ही नहीं'" (भजन संहिता १४:१; ५३:१)। बाइबल साथ ही यह भी घोषणा करती है कि लोगों के पास सृष्टिकर्ता परमेश्वर में विश्वास न करने के लिए कोई बहाना नहीं है। "उसके अनदेखे गुण - अर्थात् उसकी सनातन सामर्थ्य और परमेश्वरत्व - जगत की उत्पत्ति से देखने में आते हैं, यहाँ तक कि वे निरूत्तर हैं" (रोमियों १:२०)। बाइबल के अनुसार, जो कोई भी परमेश्वर के अस्तित्व को अस्वीकार करता है वह एक मूर्ख है। तब, फिर क्यों, बहुत से लोग, जिनमें मसीही विश्वासी भी सम्मिलित हैं, इस बात को स्वीकार करने की इच्छा रखते हैं कि विकासवादी वैज्ञानिक विज्ञान आधारित आंकड़ों के निष्पक्ष व्याख्याकार हैं? बाइबल के अनुसार, वे मूर्ख हैं! मूर्खता का अर्थ बुद्धि की कमी का होना नहीं है। अधिकांश विकासवादी वैज्ञानिक प्रतिभाशाली तरीके से ज्ञानवान् हैं। मूर्खता बुद्धि को उचित तरीके से लागू न करने की योग्यता का संकेत देती है। नीतिवचन १:७ हमें कहता है "यहोवा का भय मानना बुद्धि का मूल है, बुद्धि और शिक्षा को मूढ़ ही लोग तुच्छ जानते हैं।"
विकासवादी वैज्ञानिक सृष्टिवाद का मजाक उड़ाते हैं और/या बुद्धिमानी से रची हुई रूपरेखा को विज्ञानरहित और वैज्ञानिक जाँचों को योग्य नहीं मानते हैं। किसी भी बात को "विज्ञान" मानने के लिए, वे बहस करते हैं कि, इसे परीक्षण और जाँच के अधीन होने के योग्य होना चाहिए; इसे "प्राकृतिक" होना जरूरी है। सृष्टिवाद अपनी परिभाषा के अनुरूप "अलौकिक" है। परमेश्वर और अलौकिकता का परीक्षण और जाँच नहीं किया जा सकता है (इसलिए इस दलील का कोई अर्थ नहीं है); इस कारण सृष्टिवाद और/या बुद्धिमानी से रची हुई रूपरेखा को विज्ञान माना ही नहीं जाता है। इसमें कोई सन्देह नहीं है, कि विकासवाद का भी परीक्षण या जाँच नहीं किया जा सकती है, परन्तु विकासवादियों के लिए यह बहस का विषय नहीं है। परिणामस्वरूप, सारे के सारे आंकड़े पूर्वधारणा, पूर्वअनुमानित, और पहले से ही-स्वीकार किए हुए विकासवाद के सिद्धान्त की छलनी में से, बिना किसी वैकल्पिक विवरणों को ध्यान में रखते हुए होकर जाते है।
परन्तु फिर भी, ब्रम्हाण्ड का उद्गम और जीवन के उद्गम को जाँचा या इनका परीक्षण नहीं किया जा सकता है। दोनों अर्थात् सृष्टिवाद और विकासवाद उद्गम के सम्बन्ध में विश्वास-आधारित पद्धतियाँ हैं। किसी को भी जाँचा नहीं जा सकता है क्योंकि हम अरबों (या हजारों) वर्ष पीछे ब्रम्हाण्ड या ब्रम्हाण्ड में जीवन के होने की बात का परीक्षण करने के लिए नहीं जा सकते हैं। विकासवादी वैज्ञानिक सृष्टिवाद के सिद्धान्त को इन कारणों से इन्कार कर देते हैं कि यह उनको जबरदस्ती विकासवाद के सिदान्त को भी उद्गमों के विज्ञान आधारित विवरणों को भी मानने से भी इन्कार कर देगा। विकासवाद, कम से कम उद्गमों के सम्बन्ध में, "विज्ञान" की परिभाषा में सही आकार में नहीं आता है जितना की सृष्टिवाद का सिद्धान्त आता है। विकासवाद ही संभवत: उद्गमों का केवल एक ऐसा विवरण है जिसकी जाँच की जा सकती है; इसलिए यही उद्गमों का केवल एक ऐसा सिद्धान्त है जिसे "विज्ञान आधारित" माना जा सकता है। यह तो मूर्खता है! वैज्ञानिक जो विकासवाद की वकालत करते हैं उद्गमों के एक सही प्रतीत होने वाले सिद्धान्त को इसके गुणों के आधार पर इसकी ईमानदारी से चाँच किए बिना ही इसे अस्वीकार कर रहे हैं, क्योंकि यह "विज्ञान" के लिए उनकी अतर्किक संकीर्ण परिभाषा के अनुरूप नहीं है।
यदि सृष्टिवाद सत्य है, तब वहाँ पर एक सृष्टिकर्ता है जिसके प्रति हम उत्तरदायी हैं। विकासवाद नास्तिकवाद को योग्यता प्रदान करता है। विकासवाद नास्तिकों को इस बात का विवरण देने के लिए आधार प्रदान करता है कि कैसे जीवन बिना परमेश्वर के अस्तित्व में है। विकासवास एक परमेश्वर के होने की आवश्यकता का इन्कार करता है जो कि इस ब्रम्हाण्ड में कार्यरत् है। विकासवाद नास्तिकवाद के धर्म के लिए "सृष्टि का सिद्धान्त" है। बाइबल के अनुसार, चुनाव स्पष्ट है। हम हमारे सर्वसामर्थी और सर्वज्ञानी परमेश्वर के शब्दों मे विश्वास कर सकते हैं, या हम मूर्खों की अतार्किक "विज्ञान आधारित" पक्षपाती विवरणों के ऊपर विश्वास कर सकते हैं। |
Introduction to Kaizen
Our Online Kaizen introduction training explores Kaizen and Kaizen events, giving you an understanding of how it is used to identify and eliminate problems in a short period of time. This course will also give you the knowledge you need to support or participate in Kaizen events.
The course includes a multiple-choice exam and you will receive internationally recognised certification upon successful completion.
What's Covered in the Course?
During the course, we will cover the following topics:
- What is Kaizen?
- An introduction to essential Lean tools.
- The ten principles of Kaizen.
- Why and when to run a Kaizen event.
- How to organise and run a Kaizen event.
- Secrets of a successful Kaizen event.
What are the Benefits of the Kaizen Introduction Training?
Gaining knowledge and appreciation of Kaizen and the associated Lean tools will help you contribute to an organisational culture of continuous improvement. By the end of this course, you will have a strong Kaizen awareness and an introductory knowledge of how to support Kaizen initiatives in your organisation.
YOU SET THE PACE
TRACK YOUR PROGRESS
Who is the Kaizen Introduction Course for?
Our Online Kaizen Introduction is suitable for learners of all levels and industries.
About the FREE Kaizen Introduction Exam
All Learning Lean training courses include FREE certification exams. These exams ensure that your qualification is a true test of your knowledge and can stand scrutiny. To ensure you pass we provide the following as part of our course fees: |
If my previous rants on the subject didn’t already make it clear to you, censorship is something of a hot button issue with me. For any bibliophile, the banning of literary works is one of the more perverse mechanisms of oppression and social control. Unfortunately, it is a reality that exists in almost every society. My interest in the topic is at least partly a consequence of my work in the human rights field, but it also stems from a love of dystopian fiction. The best works in the genre explore perhaps the greatest of literary thought experiments – the human experience in a world of extreme terror. It is with this belief that I recently corrected an area of negligence, by finally reading Ray Bradbury’s fictional dystopian exploration, Fahrenheit 451.
” ‘Number one: Do you know why books such as this are so important? Because they have quality. And what does the word quality mean? To me it means texture. This book has pores. It has features. This book can go under the microscope. You’d find life under the glass, streaming past in infinite profusion. The more pores, the more truthfully recorded details of life per square inch you can get on a sheet of paper, the more “literary” you are. That’s my definition, anyway. Telling detail. Fresh detail. The good writers touch life often. The mediocre ones run a quick hand over her. The bad ones rape her and leave her for the flies. So now do you see why books are hated and feared? They show the pores in the face of life.’ “
Fahrenheit 451 is set in an alternative America, one in which censorship and book burning are rife. The novel follows Guy Montag, a fireman whose job it is to hunt out and burn hidden books. Unquestioning in the conduct of his work, a meeting with his mysterious new neighbour Clarisse McClellan forces Guy to reexamine his role in the suppression of social and political dissent. Overwhelmed with doubt, Guy steals a book during the raid of an old woman’s house, adding it to a collection of stolen literary works that he has been accumulating over the course of a year. Yet following a report from his wife and her friends, Guy becomes the subject of suspicion. After his colleagues arrive at his door, Guy is forced to confront the reality of the society in which he exists – a reality in which knowledge is the enemy and the establishment will stop at nothing to eradicate dissent from its empire.
Ray Bradbury’s prophetic classic is a novel that truly brings home the dangers of cultural enslavement. It presents a world from which curiosity is banished, traded instead for consent and conformity. In this world, books are the danger – representing human and intellectual diversity, as well as potential provocation for social discord:
” ‘Ah.’ Beatty leaned forward in the faint mist of smoke from his pipe. ‘What more easily explained and natural? With school turning out more runners, jumpers, racers, tinkerers, grabbers, snatchers, fliers and swimmers instead of examiners, critics, knowers, and imaginative creators, the word “intellectual”, of course, became the swear word it deserved to be. You always dread the unfamiliar. Surely you remember the boy in your own school class who was exceptionally “bright”, did most of the reciting and answering while the others sat like so many leaden idols, hating him. And wasn’t it this bright boy you selected for beatings and tortures after hours? Of course it was. We must all be alike. Not everyone is born free and equal, as the Constitution says, but everyone made equal. Each man the image of every other; then all are happy, for there are no mountains to make them cower, to judge themselves against. So! A book is a loaded gun in the house next door. Burn it.’ “
In the same way that George Orwell’s 1984 strikes fear into the hearts of those who believe in democratic freedom, Fahrenheit 451 presents a challenge to advocates of individuality and human expression. It understands that the elimination of diversity and independent thought is perhaps the most effective means of maintaining power. This is a lesson that we see replicated across the world – a lesson to which no country is immune, whether democracy or dictatorship. The power of this message is conveyed expertly through both the plot and character voices of Fahrenheit 451.
Bradbury’s skill is particularly demonstrable through his careful and original use of prose. The narrative never strays from a convincingly perverse reality and yet the plot is delivered with a poeticism that helps the novel transcend political diatribe. Bradbury exercises expert precision in his depiction of human emotions and responses, painting both with a truly unique use of language, and making this literary thought experiment all the more poignant:
“He glanced back at the wall. How like a mirror, too, her face. Impossible; for how many people did you know that refracted your own light to you? People were more often – he searched for a simile, found one in his work – torches, blazing away until they whiffed out. How rarely did other people’s faces take of you and throw back to you your own expression, your own innermost trembling thought? What incredible power of identification the girl had; she was like the eager watcher of a marionette show, anticipating each flicker of an eyelid, each gesture of his hand, each flick of a finger, the moment before it began. How long had they walked together? Three minutes? Five? Yet how large that time seemed now. How immense a figure she was on the stage before him; what a shadow she threw on the wall with her slender body! He felt that if his eye itched, she might blink. And if the muscles of his jaws stretched imperceptibly, she would yawn long before he would.”
Fahrenheit 451 has, with relative ease, ascended to the status of modern classic. Following in the footsteps of dystopian giants such as George Orwell and Aldous Huxley, Bradbury has carved out a path of his own. This novel is a truly original exploration of the questions that plague modernity – questions of social control, the power of the media, and the suppression of dissent through the manipulation of knowledge. Even in light of its remarkable prosaic style, Fahrenheit 451 is a wonderfully easy read, and at a short 227 pages it presents a viable option for readers of all kinds. So whether you are looking to scare yourself with the potential march of modern society towards conformity or whether you simply want an excellent and gripping read, this is definitely one for you. |
This book is the author's attempt to translate his knowledge of peace studies into the language of sociology, so that the former can be grasped as a more complete whole. It aims to increase interest among sociologists in issues of war and peace because they provide food for sociological thought.
1. Why Study War and Peace? 2. The Social Structure of War and Peace 3. Explaining War 4. Militarism: Making War Possible 5. The Military-Industrial Complex 6. Methods of Avoiding War 7. Methods of Promoting Peace 8. Epilogue: People and Peacemaking |
Some municipalities in the state of Texas require peddlers and solicitors to hold surety bonds as a prerequisite to conducting business in their city in order to protect the state and customers from misrepresentation and damage. These bonds are typically inexpensive, for instance, $100 or less for a bond worth $1,000. Bond amounts are determined by the municipality in which the seller operates. They ensure that principals conduct business in accordance with all laws and rules and regulations. If the principal fails to do this and violates any terms of the surety bond agreement, the bond protects the city from financial loss up to the full penal sum of the bond. |
- For unprotected vaginal intercourse with an HIV-positive partner with a fully suppressed viral load, the estimated risk of infection is zero.
- If HIV is not fully suppressed by effective treatment, vaginal intercourse without condoms is a high-risk route of sexual HIV transmission for both the man and the woman.
- Sexually transmitted infections increase the risk of infection while male circumcision lowers it.
If the HIV-positive partner is taking antiretroviral treatment and has a fully suppressed viral load (‘undetectable’), the risk of HIV transmission through condomless vaginal intercourse is zero.
The PARTNER study recruited 548 heterosexual couples where one partner had HIV and fully suppressed viral load on antiretroviral treatment. During a median follow-up period of 1.3 years, the couples reported over 36,000 vaginal sex acts without condoms. No HIV transmissions occurred. The investigators concluded that the risk of HIV transmission through vaginal intercourse in these circumstances was effectively zero (Rodger).
When HIV is not suppressed by antiretroviral treatment, vaginal intercourse without a condom is a highly efficient route of HIV transmission because high concentrations of HIV can occur in semen and vaginal fluids, and because the genital tissues are very susceptible to infection. HIV can pass through the cells of the vaginal lining (epithelium) by migrating through specific cells and/or by passing through non-intact tissue. This allows the virus to reach the inner vaginal lining, which is rich in immune cells through which it can establish systemic infection.
Cells located beneath the surface of the cervix are particularly vulnerable to HIV infection, especially during adolescence and during a woman's first pregnancy, or due to infection with human papillomavirus and chlamydia.
A meta-analysis of studies of heterosexual HIV transmission found that, in high-income countries prior to the introduction of combination therapy, the risk per sexual act was 0.04% if the female partner was HIV positive and the male partner was HIV negative. The risk was 0.08% when the male partner was HIV positive and the female partner HIV negative. However, these rates were considerably higher when the source partner was in either the very early or the late stage of HIV infection, when one partner had a sexually transmitted infection that causes genital sores, and also in studies done in lower-income countries (Boily).
A woman is usually at greater risk of HIV infection from an HIV-positive man than vice versa. This may be due to several factors. Compared with the penis, the amounts of tissue cells susceptible to infection and/or damage are likely higher within the vagina. A woman may often take large quantities of semen into her vagina, which quickly comes into contact with the more vulnerable tissue of the cervix and may remain there for a period of time.
While women are at greater risk of infection from an HIV-positive male partner, condomless vaginal intercourse is also high risk for men, because damaged penile tissue and the mucous membranes in the urethra and on the head of the penis – particularly underneath the foreskin – form a point of infection.
Many other factors affect the level of risk associated with vaginal intercourse, including recent infection, sexually transmitted infections and male circumcision.
The first few weeks or months after HIV has entered a person’s body, their viral load is usually extremely high and they are very infectious.
Viral load is the term used to describe the amount of HIV circulating in the body. As viral load rises, so does infectiousness. On the other hand, when viral load is so low as to be undetectable, there is no risk at all of HIV transmission.
For example, a study of heterosexual couples in Rakai, Uganda, where one partner was HIV positive and the other HIV negative at the start of the study, showed that the likelihood of HIV transmission is highest in the first two and a half months following initial infection with HIV, and that this correlated with higher viral load levels in early HIV infection. The researchers estimated that relative to chronic infection, infectiousness during primary infection was enhanced 26-fold (Hollingsworth).
As people are usually unaware of their infection at this stage, they are not taking treatment and may inadvertently expose sexual partners to HIV. People who have HIV without realising it are much more likely to be involved in HIV transmission than people who know they have HIV, as the latter can receive treatment.
Sexually transmitted infections
Most sexually transmitted infections, especially those which cause ulceration, including herpes simplex 2 (HSV-2), syphilis, gonorrhoea, and chlamydia, increase HIV-negative partners’ risk of acquiring HIV during vaginal intercourse. HIV-negative people with recurrent STIs may be at increased ongoing risk of HIV infection.
In people living with HIV who are not taking HIV treatment, STIs also lead to increased genital shedding of HIV, which increases the risk of transmitting HIV to others. Nonetheless, STIs do not increase the risk of HIV transmission from people who are taking effective HIV treatment and have an undetectable viral load. In the PARTNER study, there was not a single HIV transmission even though many study participants had STIs.
There are two main reasons for the effect of STIs on HIV transmission. Firstly, many (although not all) STIs can cause ulcers, sores or lesions. They provide a direct physical route of entry for HIV in an uninfected person. Secondly, immune cells that are, themselves, prone to HIV infection – such as activated T-cells and dendritic cells – are prone to be present in greater numbers at the site of an infection.
The strongest evidence is for herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2). A meta-analysis found that having HSV-2 was associated with an increased risk of acquiring HIV both in the general population (an increase of 270%) and in higher risk groups such as sex workers and men who have sex with men (170%). Having a recent HSV-2 infection was associated with an almost five-fold (470%) increased risk of acquiring HIV, probably because genital ulceration, viral shedding and inflammation in the genital tract are most severe in new HSV-2 infections and tend to decrease over time (Looker).
Human papillomavirus, the cause of genital warts, is associated with an increased risk of HIV infection in women regardless of whether it is an HPV type that causes genital warts or a type associated with cervical cancer (Houlihan). The presence of human papillomavirus in cells in the penis also increases the risk of acquisition in men (Rositch).
Men are less likely to acquire HIV through vaginal intercourse if they are circumcised. There is strong biological and epidemiological evidence for this.
Circumcision is believed to reduce the risk of male infection because it removes the vulnerable tissue inside the foreskin, which contains Langerhans cells (a type of cell particularly vulnerable to HIV infection). The area under the foreskin is also vulnerable to trauma, and is more likely to become abraded if sufficient lubrication is not present. Also, uncircumcised men may be more vulnerable to sexually transmitted infections (STIs), because the area under the foreskin can retain bacteria acquired during sex, thus increasing the chance that an infection will become established.
Three randomised controlled trials of circumcision demonstrated that circumcision lowers HIV-negative men’s risk of acquiring HIV by between 51 and 60%. They also showed benefits in terms of lowering rates of sexually transmitted infections. The studies were conducted in South Africa (Auvert), Kenya (Bailey) and Uganda (Gray).
The World Health Organization recommends that circumcision programmes should be an integral part of HIV prevention programmes in countries with generalised HIV epidemics. In the United States, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that healthcare providers can inform their patients that medical male circumcision “male circumcision reduces, but does not eliminate, the risk of acquiring HIV” by men during vaginal sex.
Male circumcision does not reduce the risk of HIV transmission from men to female partners.
Schistosomiasis (also known as bilharzia) is a widespread infection in sub-Saharan Africa and other tropical countries. Schistosomiasis is caused by a parasitic worm that lives in fresh water and is acquired by bathing in infested water. The infection can cause a localised immune response and genital lesions, increasing the risk of HIV transmission and acquisition.
In a study of over 1000 HIV-serodiscordant couples in Zambia (Wall), women who had schistosomiasis had an 40% increased risk of acquiring HIV. In addition, when an HIV-positive man or woman had schistosomiasis, there was a greater risk of HIV transmission to their sexual partner.
Bacterial vaginosis is a type of vaginal inflammation caused by the overgrowth of bacteria naturally found in the vagina, which upsets the natural balance. Signs and symptoms may include a discharge, an odour, itching and burning during urination.
It appears that bacterial vaginosis is associated with an increased risk of acquiring HIV. A meta-analysis of four prospective studies conducted in sub-Saharan Africa found a 61% increased risk of HIV acquisition in women (Atashhili). In a Kenyan study, bacterial vaginosis and HSV-2 infection were the two strongest risk factors measured for HIV acquisition over a 20-year period (Masese).
Practices such as douching, washing and drying the vagina may undermine the body’s innate defences and make bacterial vaginosis more common.
Withdrawal before ejaculation
The chances of infection may be lessened during condomless vaginal intercourse if ejaculation does not take place. An early study found that after 20 months, none of the heterosexual couples who had consistently practised withdrawal experienced the seroconversion of the HIV-negative partner (De Vincenzi).
Rougher sex and/or vaginal dryness may lead to vaginal or penile abrasions, which may increase the chances of infection.
Reduction of vaginal lubrication becomes more common with age, possibly increasing risk in post-menopausal women. Younger women in early puberty may also produce less vaginal and cervical secretions, perhaps increasing their vulnerability to HIV infection and contributing to the disproportionate prevalence of HIV amongst adolescent women (Holmberg).
How you can reduce the risk
Effective protective measures are:
Rodger A et al. Sexual activity without condoms and risk of HIV transmission in serodifferent couples when the HIV-positive partner is using suppressive antiretroviral therapy. JAMA, 316(2):171-181, 2016. You can read more about this study in our news report.
Boily MC et al. Heterosexual risk of HIV-1 infection per sexual act: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Lancet Infectious Diseases 9: 118-129, 2009. You can read more about this study in our news report.
Hollingsworth TD et al. HIV-1 Transmission, by Stage of Infection. Journal of Infectious Diseases 198(5):687-693, 2008.
Looker KJ et al. Effect of HSV-2 infection on subsequent HIV acquisition: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infectious Diseases 17: 1303-1316, 2017.
Laga M Non-ulcerative sexually transmitted diseases as factors for HIV-1 transmission in women: results from a cohort study. AIDS 7(1):95-102, 1993
Masha S et al. Trichomonas vaginalis and HIV infection acquisition: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sexually Transmitted Infections 95: 36-42, 2019.
Houlihan C et al. HPV infection and increased risk of HIV acquisition. A systematic review and meta-analysis. AIDS 26: 2211-22, 2012. You can read more about this study in our news report.
Rositch AF et al. Risk of HIV acquisition among circumcised and uncircumcised young men with penile HPV infection. AIDS 28: 745-52, 2014. You can read more about this study in our news report.
Auvert B et al. Randomized, controlled intervention trial of male circumcision for reduction of HIV infection risk: the ANRS 1265 Trial. PLOS Medicine 2(11):e298, 2005. You can read more about this study in our news report.
Bailey R et al. Male circumcision for HIV prevention in young men in Kisumu, Kenya: a randomised controlled trial. The Lancet 369: 643-56, 2007.
Gray RH et al. Male circumcision for HIV prevention in men in Rakai, Uganda: a randomised trial. The Lancet 369(9562):657-66, 2007.
Wall KM et al. Schistosomiasis is associated with incident HIV transmission and death in Zambia. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 12: e0006902, 2018. You can read more about this study in our news report.
Atashhili J et al. Bacterial vaginosis and HIV acquisition: a meta-analysis of published studies. AIDS 22 (12):1493-1501, 2008. You can read more about this study in our news report.
Masese L et al. Changes in the contribution of genital tract infections to HIV acquisition among Kenyan high-risk women from 1993 to 2012. AIDS 29: 1077-85, 2015.
De Vincenzi I et al. A longitudinal study of human immunodeficiency virus transmission by heterosexual partners. NEJM 331(6): 341-346, 1994.
Holmberg SD et al Biologic factors in the sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus. Journal of Infectious Diseases 160(1):116-125, 1989. |
Load testing involves verifying the program’s performance under normal or peak workload conditions. This analysis should not be confused with volume testing aimed at checking normal and extreme volumes of data: heavy load means the arrival of the maximum amount of data for a short time interval. Here you can draw an analogy to the typist’s work. When testing performed with extreme volumes of data, it should be determined whether the typist will be able to handle the draft of the large report, and when testing at extreme loads, the typist will be able to print at a rate of 50 words per minute.
Since load testing is affected by factor of time, it does not apply to many programs, for example, to the compiler or to payroll processing software. However, it can be used for programs that operate under variable loads, interactive or real-time programs, and process control programs. So, if it is assumed that the air traffic control system should track up to 200 air routes in its sector, then it should be tested at the maximum load by simulating the presence of 200 aircrafts. As far as there are no grounds for the appearance of the 201st aircraft in the sector, a further increase in the load will result in the system responding to an aircraft that will never appear. Additional testing at extreme loads can be a test simulating the simultaneous entry of a large number of aircrafts into the sector.
IT products are subjected to extreme workload that is beyond their operational capacity to check if these can handle high demand. Stress testing service is used to verify whether the software is durable and robust enough not to fail under unfavorable conditions.
Let us say the operating system supports execution of up to 15 tasks in multiprogram mode, then it is loaded by performing 15 tasks at the same time. If the time sharing system supports up to 65 terminals, subject it to the maximum load: connect 65 users to it that try to make simultaneous calls. (This is not a “situation that will never happen”, it really takes place when the system fails and the operator immediately restores its operability). To determine the response of the simulator system, use it to simulate the actions of the pilot undergoing training, such as moving the rudder to the left, turning on the brakes, lowering the flaps, lifting the front of the airplane, releasing the chassis, turning on the landing lights, turning to the left, and all these actions should be performed simultaneously.
Comments are closed. |
Handbook of Management Scales/Quality data and reporting
Quality data and reporting (alpha = 0.91; composite reliability = 0.90)
Eight quality management practices were identified by the authors: customer focus, employee relations, management leadership, process management, product/service design, quality data and reporting, supplier quality management, and training.
- Availability of quality data (error rates, defect rates, scrap, defects, etc.). (0.80)
- Timeliness of the quality data. (0.84)
- Extent to which quality data (cost of quality, defects, errors, scrap, etc.) are used as tools to manage quality. (0.91)
- Availability of procedures to ensure the reliability and improvement of data gathering. (0.76)
Items 1–3 were adapted from Saraph et al. (1989); item 4 was adapted from Black and Porter (1996). |
#It is not correct program but Concept is correct.
#This program simulates a phone-book
contact_no = {'Sam':0000,'Smith':1111, 'Ron':9898}
x = 0
while x<5:
print('Enter your Name(press ENTER to exit): ')
name = input()
if name == '':
break
if name in contact_no:
print('The contact number of ' +name + ' is ' +str(contact_no[name]))
else:
print('There is no such name in the phone-book.Do you want to add it?')
desc = input()
if desc == 'yes':
print('Enter the number: ')
num = input()
contact_no[name] = num
print('Dictionary Updated')
elif desc == 'no':
print('Do you want to quit?')
desc = input()
if desc == 'yes':
break
else:
print("Keep searching.")
x = x + 1
|
Supplementary MaterialsFigure S1: Liver organ iron and pancreatic zinc are low in mice. mRNA. Finally, loss-of-function of acinar cell ZIP5 modestly decreased pancreatic zinc in mice given a ZnA diet plan but didn’t impair zinc uptake as assessed by the speedy deposition of 67zinc. Retention of pancreatic 67zinc was impaired in these mice however the lack of pancreatic ZIP5 sensitized these to zinc-induced pancreatitis and exacerbated the forming of huge cytoplasmic vacuoles filled with secretory proteins in acinar cells. Conclusions These scholarly research demonstrate that ZIP5 participates in the control of zinc excretion in mice. Particularly, they reveal a paramount function of intestinal ZIP5 in zinc excretion but recommend a job for pancreatic ZIP5 in zinc deposition/retention in acinar cells. ZIP5 features in acinar cells to safeguard against zinc-induced severe pancreatitis and attenuate the procedure of zymophagy. This shows that it might are likely involved in autophagy. Launch Zinc homeostasis is normally tightly managed which reflects the fundamental functions of the metal within a vast selection of proteins including enzymes, transcription elements, cell surface area proteins and receptors involved with signalling cascades , . When zinc is normally lacking Eventually, cell division, viability and development are impaired. Control of zinc homeostasis is exerted by 3 groups of protein C predominately. One of the most abundant and ubiquitously portrayed members from the cysteine-rich metallothionein family members (MT-I and II in mice) are induced by zinc and work as intracellular zinc buffers which give a biologically obtainable pool of zinc. Over-expression of the genes in mice provides security against eating zinc insufficiency whereas loss-of -function makes mice more delicate to zinc insufficiency , . Efflux and Decitabine enzyme inhibitor Uptake of zinc involve two diverse groups of zinc transporters. Members from the or family members (14 known genes) are believed to move zinc in to the cytoplasm of cells, either in the extracellular milieu or in the Rabbit Polyclonal to CBX6 vesicular area . A few of these family may transportation various other important metals such as for example iron or cadmium also, and several display cell-specific patterns of regulation and expression C. Members from the Slc30a or family members (10 known genes) are usually considered to efflux zinc from the cytosol and in to the extracellular milieu or in to the vesicular area . As observed above, family could also play a significant function in Decitabine enzyme inhibitor the transportation of various other metals such as for example manganese and several display cell particular patterns of appearance . The complexity from the protein families involved with Decitabine enzyme inhibitor zinc homeostasis reflects the different functions of the essential metal clearly. Recent genetic research have started to reveal physiological assignments of many from the members of the two zinc transporter households. Among the 14 associates from the gene family members, 7 have already been mutated in mice as well as the physiological implications examined. Our research of can be an important gene in mice and appearance of the gene particularly in the intestinal epithelium or yolk sac endoderm mediates the acquisition of eating zinc in newborn and adult mice or by the first embryo, respectively, . Loss-of-function of the gene network marketing leads to spending Decitabine enzyme inhibitor unless these mice are preserved on high degrees of zinc . The gene is normally mutated in human beings with acrodermatitis enteropathica, a lethal zinc insufficiency disease possibly, . Decitabine enzyme inhibitor Research of mice expressing a hypomorphic allele uncovered that active appearance of the gene is vital during past due fetal and early postnatal lifestyle and it is very important to multi-organ advancement . This gene has been proven to improve sensitivity to cadmium toxicity also. Other recent research found that is normally not needed for viability, but deletion of the gene leads to impaired connective tissues advancement in mice . This total leads to adjustments in bone tissue, tooth and connective tissues similar compared to that observed in human beings with Ehlers-Danlos symptoms, a few of whom possess mutations within this gene . Finally, mice missing exhibit development retardation with impaired gluconeogenesis and decreased hepatocyte proliferation during liver organ regeneration , . In today’s research we probed the physiological assignments of (in zinc homeostasis. This zinc transporter is specially interesting since it localizes towards the baso-lateral cell membrane and it is abundant particularly in intestinal enterocytes, pancreatic acinar cells and embryonic visceral endoderm cells . These cell. |
A term used in science fiction. A sophont is an intelligent biological entity. Sophonts have intelligence at about the same level as humans, and use language. They do not necessarily use tools.
Sophont is close to sentient, but is more specific, and doesn't have any archaic meanings to confuse people. It was first used in Poul Anderson's Polesotechnic League stories in the early 1960s, and has been taken up be numerous authors since then, although 'sentient' is still more common than 'sophont'.
See also: Sapient |
Embolic Stroke Can Be Treated at Tampa General Hospital
An embolic stroke is a type of ischemic stroke, or a blockage of blood flow to the brain. Embolic events begin when a clot forms somewhere other than the arteries that directly supply the brain with blood, such as the arteries of the heart. Such a clot can break off and travel through the arteries of the body before becoming lodged in the narrower vessel that provides the brain with blood, thereby stopping the flow of oxygen to the tissue. An embolic stroke is typically a result of plaque buildup along artery walls. It can also be caused by an abnormal heartbeat like atrial fibrillation; the blood can pool and clot because it isn’t being pumped effectively, and these clots can travel throughout the bloodstream.
Certain risk factors make some people more prone to experiencing an embolic stroke – or any other type of stroke. Such factors include:
- Having high blood pressure
- Being obese
- Not exercising regularly
- Having diabetes
- Having a family history of stroke, heart attack, and related conditions
- Being older than 55
Embolic stroke produces symptoms that resemble the symptoms of other types of strokes. Affected people may feel weak, numb, or even paralyzed on one side of their body. They may be suddenly confused and unable to comprehend speech, or begin slurring their words. In some cases, a stroke is accompanied by a severe headache that may induce dizziness or vomiting. If someone is experiencing any of these embolic stroke symptoms, it is vital to seek immediate medical attention. Call 9-1-1 immediately and ask for transportation to the nearest comprehensive stroke center for prompt care.
Tampa General Hospital is a comprehensive stroke center serving people who have experienced an embolic stroke or any other type of stroke. We have extensive technological resources as well as a staff of dedicated stroke specialists that are available 24/7. With one of the largest neuroscience intensive care units in the country, we can provide rapid diagnoses, emergency care, and begin embolic stroke treatment and rehabilitation as soon as possible. We also provide preventive measures to help prevent future strokes. |
This pumpkin harvest perfume trio is seriously delectable. I had a craving for the delights of fall, so I crafted these three blends: Pumpkin Spice perfume, Pumpkin and Marshmallow perfume, and Salted Caramel Pumpkin perfume. It’s not yet the season for pumpkin pie and candied yams, but you sure can enjoy the scent of it all baking in the oven. For me, that’s half the joy.
The magic of my pumpkin harvest perfume trio
These three fragrances honor this time of harvest. The time of reflection, relaxation, and being rewarded with the bounty we have worked so hard for. It is such a magical season. And pumpkins, to me, are a symbol of these few special months, when we give thanks for all that is. There is no greater time of warmth and love. Each of these blends smells just like its name, and comes infused with a black obsidian chip stone for protection, grounding, and Root Chakra activation. So not only will these delicious perfumes delight your senses, they also serve as an ally for releasing any intentions you planted in spring that didn’t blossom or thrive as you desired, that way you can truly relax through this season of rest. (And there’s always next year!)
As you anoint with this pumpkin harvest perfume trio, may its sweet bliss radiate peace, acceptance, and pure joy. Note: This product is made with natural essential and carrier oils, and may contain fragrance oils. Cap color, chip stone, and color may vary slightly. For external use only.
Note: This product is made with natural essential and carrier oils, and may contain fragrance oils. Cap color, chip stone, and color may vary slightly. For external use only.
This listing is for one (1) pumpkin harvest perfume trio. Or, if you feel called to only one or two of the fragrances, you can select accordingly from the drop down menu. Yours will arrive lovingly parceled and ready to fill your space with delicious aromas.
~*~ ~*~ ~*~ ~*~ ~*~ ~*~ ~*~ ~*~ ~*~ ~*~ ~*~ ~*~ ~*~ ~*~~*~ ~*~ ~*~ ~*~ ~*~ ~*~ ~*~
Charge your tools with orgone energy on my custom Orgonite Charging Plate.
Anoint your crystals and gemstone jewelry with my SG Anointing Blend.
Want to learn more about gems, minerals, and crystal healing? Join our private Facebook group at www.facebook.com/groups/GemHaven
Want to learn more about perfume and aromatherapy? Join our private Facebook group at www.facebook.com/groups/SGPerfumery |
Democracy Within Reason
- Copyright: 1994
- Dimensions: 6 x 9
- Page Count: 308 pages Illustrations: 10 illustrations
- Paperback ISBN: 978-0-271-01021-2 First Edition
Honorable Mention for the Mattei Dogan Award for best book published in the field of comparative research Society for Comparative Research
“Centeno turns this fascinating story to good analytical account, and there is recurrent and well-balanced reference to both Russian and Eastern Europe and East Asia; the book is relevant not only to Latin and North Americanists but to all students of comparative politics, especially those interested in the recent wave of democratic transitions and market reforms.”
“This book is a significant contribution to our understanding of Mexican politics, and to the comparative exploration of the changes wrought throughout the region in the 1980s and the 1990s. It provides essential insights that are fundamental to explaining Mexico’s political process in the last decade and will assist students in understanding where this political model is headed throughout the end of the century.”
“In this book Miguel Centeno describes and analyzes, as no one else has, Mexico’s post-1970 state transformation. . . . Centeno’s book provides a basis for understanding both Mexico’s current political crisis and possibly its resolution.”
“An important study . . . that seeks to explain the people, organization, and ideology that lay behind . . . the Salinas period. Exceptionally strong in its explanation of the political identity of the Salinistas . . .”
“An outstanding case study of the vital problem of political and economic restructuring many societies are facing today, the work is significant for the understanding it provides of the Mexican case and in revealing lessons applicable to other regimes. Meticulously researched, systematically organized and well-written, the book contains a wealth of data. Outstanding Academic Book 1994”
During the 1980s the Mexican regime faced a series of economic, social, and political disasters that led many to question its survival. Yet by 1992 the economy was again growing, with inflation under control and the confidence of international investors restored. Mexico was now touted as an example for regimes in Eastern Europe to emulate. How did Carlos Salinas and his team of technocrats manage to gain political power sufficient to impose their economic model? How did they sustain their revolution from above despite the hardships these changes brought for many Mexicans? How did they stage their remarkable political comeback and create their “democracy within reason”? Why did Salinas succeed in keeping control of his revolution while Mikhail Gorbachev failed to do so in his similar effort at radical reform? Miguel Centeno addresses these questions by analyzing three critical developments in the Mexican state: the centralization of power within the bureaucracy; the rise of a new generation of technocrats and their use of a complex system of political networks; and the dominance of a neoliberal ideology and technocratic vision that guided policy decisions and limited democratic participation. In his conclusion the author proposes some alternative scenarios for Mexico’s future, including the role of NAFTA, and suggests lessons for the study of regimes undertaking similar transitions. Of obvious interest to students of contemporary Mexico and Latin America, the book will also be very useful for those analyzing the transition to the market in other countries, the role of knowledge in public policy, and the nature of the modern state in general.
Other Ways to Acquire
Sign up for e-mail notifications about new books and catalogs!
Also of Interest
This book is a part of the Association of American University Presses' Books for Understanding: Mexico book list, created to help all of us better understand the world we live in.
Knowledge, Not just information |
A few years ago, www.ezinearticles.com published the following article of mine – ‘The pros and cons of British colonialism’. It has attracted attention continuously ever since. At about 800 words in length, it is easy to read.
It is, of course, strange to have an anti-colonial, a former British subject, acknowledge any benefits to subject peoples from colonialism. I instanced the English language as a significant benefit. It is now an international language. My relatives, by blood and marriage, are now well-entrenched citizens of the USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Malaysia and Singapore – as part of the Ceylon Tamil diaspora.
Regrettably, some of us have lost our heritage – except in our minds. Some of us speak only English, have no knowledge of our distant origins as Dravidians, and have little appreciation of the literary wealth of our distant forbears, the Tamils of India. These are the ‘cons’ of modernisation, offsetting the ‘pros’ derived from mastery of the English language.
Looking at the level of education experienced by my Australian children and grandchildren, I came to realise how well educated I was by the colonial British. I received a broader and deeper education than did my descendants! That the British people at home are significantly more tolerant than many (most?) of our colonial rulers in British Malaya was proven by 2 of my sisters who acquired valuable qualifications in Britain after WW2. As a schoolboy, I remember my elders referring to the ‘upstarts’ who ruled us.
Other benefits were British law and Western democracy. Codified law, drawing upon precedents, does offer a clearer path from the past to the present. However, I believe that the adversarial system in courts, and which allows lawyers to obfuscate issues and ‘play games’ (I write from experience) diminishes prospects for justice. Pros and cons in balance!
Then, there is that so-called democracy. Every adult has a vote. Our political representatives (federal, state, and local government) are, however, not accountable to voters, and certainly never consult us. I write from experience as a resident in Australia over 65 years as an adult. At federal and state levels, political parties rule openly, their main objective being to hold office.
Today, we seem to be governed by Vaticanites. How so? Compassion is suppressed by Papal Bull, for example. Western democracy is indubitably a con!
The pros and cons offered by the hegemonic empire of the USA, based on indirect controls, await judgement. |
'''
Description:
Write a function called validBraces that takes a string of braces, and determines if the order of the braces is valid. validBraces should return true if the string is valid, and false if it's invalid.
This Kata is similar to the Valid Parentheses Kata, but introduces four new characters. Open and closed brackets, and open and closed curly braces. Thanks to @arnedag for the idea!
All input strings will be nonempty, and will only consist of open parentheses '(' , closed parentheses ')', open brackets '[', closed brackets ']', open curly braces '{' and closed curly braces '}'.
What is considered Valid? A string of braces is considered valid if all braces are matched with the correct brace.
For example:
'(){}[]' and '([{}])' would be considered valid, while '(}', '[(])', and '[({})](]' would be considered invalid.
Examples:
validBraces( "(){}[]" ) => returns true
validBraces( "(}" ) => returns false
validBraces( "[(])" ) => returns false
validBraces( "([{}])" ) => returns true
'''
def validBraces(string):
l = []
for x in string:
if x in '([{':
l.append(x)
elif x == ')':
if len(l) == 0:
return False
if l.pop() != '(':
return False
elif x == ']':
if len(l) == 0:
return False
if l.pop() != '[':
return False
elif x == '}':
if len(l) == 0:
return False
if l.pop() != '{':
return False
if len(l) != 0:
return False
return True |
है। पिछले सालों के मुकाबले इस बार बाजार की रौनक कम रही। ज्यादातर लोगों ने चांदी के सिक्के या फिर छोटेछोटे गहनों की खरीदारी कर त्योहार की परंपरा निभाई। माल्या पर विभिन्न बैंकों का लगभग 9400 करोड़ रुपये कर्ज है। उसके खिलाफ 17 बैंकों के समूह ने सुप्रीम कोर्ट में अर्जी दाखिल की थी। सीबीआई और प्रवर्तन निदेशालय मामले की जांच कर रही हैं। नवंबर 2009 में गोवा के मारगाओ शहर में बम ले जाने के दौरान दुर्घटनावश इसमें विस्फोट के कारण सनातन संस्था के दो कार्यकर्ता मलगोंडा पाटिल और योगेश नाईक की मौत हो गई थी. हिंदी न्यूज़ बिहार दरभंगा गोलीकांड के शिकार राजद नेता के घर जुटे लोग चूड़ियां हाथों की डूब जाती थीं कहीं चिड़ियों के स्वर में और हिंदी न्यूज़ उत्तर प्रदेश शाहजहांपुर मदरसा परीक्षा के लिए दो दिन में तय कर लें केंद्र आजाद ने पत्र में दिया सुझाव पाकिस्तान के डिजास्टर मैनेजमेंट अथॉरिटी ने डिस्टिक कमिशनरों और सेना की एजेंसियों को लेटर लिखकर कहा है कि सिंधु समेत कई नदियों में बारिश का पानी जमा होने से बाढ़ का खतरा बढ़ गया है. इसके मुताबिक, सिंधु नदी में 13 सितंबर तक गुडडू और सुक्कुर के करीब तेज बाढ़ आने की आशंका है. पंजाब के</s> |
अमेज़न वर्षावन हमारे ग्रह (अर्थ ) का ग्रीन-हार्ट है। इसमें १६,००० से अधिक प्रजातियों के पेड़ हैं और अधिकांश अकेले यहां के लिए अनन्य हैं। अमेज़न दुनिया के कुल विविध पौधों और जानवरों की प्रजातियों के दसवें हिस्से का घर है। अमेज़न वर्षावन एक आवश्यक कार्बन कंप्रेसर है जो ग्लोबल वार्मिंग की गति को धीमा करने में बहुत महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाता है। दुनिया के सबसे बड़े वर्षावन अमेजन को ऑक्सीजन के मुख्य स्रोत के रूप में जाना जाता है। ब्राजील का अमेजन रेनफॉरेस्ट दुनिया को २०% ऑक्सीजन अकेले देता है। सभी संरक्षण प्रयासों के बावजूद, अमेज़ॅन फ़ॉरेस्ट को एक अद्वितीय पैमाने पर मिटाया जा रहा है। वास्तव में, ब्राजील में विकास के नाम पर पिछले कुछ महीनों से वनों की कटाई में कई गुना वृद्धि हुई है।
नेशनल इंस्टीट्यूट फॉर स्पेस रिसर्च [इनपे] के नए आंकड़ों के अनुसार, अमेज़न जंगल की आग का इस साल रिकॉर्ड उच्च स्तर पर रहा है। इस साल के उपग्रह डेटा में एक चौंकाने वाला तथ्य सामने आया, जिसमें २०१८ में इसी अवधि की तुलना में जंगल की आग से वन विनाश में ८३% की वृद्धि देखी गई।
अमेज़न में वाइल्डफ़ायर शुष्क मौसम के दौरान बहुत आम हैं क्योंकि जंगल में ही ज्यादातर अग्निरोधक हैं। जंगल की नमी और गीलापन जंगल की आग की संभावना को दबा देते हैं। हालांकि, शुष्क मौसम में प्राकृतिक वन्यजीव अपरिहार्य हैं। लेकिन हाल ही में धधकती जंगल की आग ज्यादातर अवैध रूप से वनों की कटाई के प्रयास में जानबूझकर और विकास के नाम पर मवेशियों के प्रजनन के लिए भूमि को साफ करने (या) के लिए लगाई गई है। वर्ल्ड वाइड फंड फॉर नेचर [वॉफ] के प्रमुख, रिकार्ड मेलो ने कहा कि आग हाल ही के आंकड़ों में देखे गए वनों की कटाई में वृद्धि का परिणाम थी। पिछली ब्राजील सरकार द्वारा पर्यावरणीय अपराधों पर जुर्माना और कार्रवाई की मजबूत व्यवस्था के साथ पिछले एक दशक में अमेज़न का वनों की कटाई कम हो गई थी। लेकिन इनपे पर्यावरण रिपोर्टों के अनुसार, ऐसा लगता है कि वर्तमान सरकार ने दंड, पर्यावरण अपराधों के लिए सजा और वर्षावन के शोषण को प्रोत्साहित किया है।
नेशनल इंस्टीट्यूट फॉर स्पेस रिसर्च के कटे हुए आंकड़ों के अनुसार, जुलाई में मानव निर्मित आग से अमेजोनियन जंगल के लगभग ८७० वर्गमीटर जंगल नष्ट हो गए जो कि २०१८ में इसी अवधि के दौरान जंगल के विनाश में २७८% की वृद्धि है। बड़े पैमाने पर लगी आग के कारण सोमवार दोपहर बाद साओ पाउलो के पूरे शहर में 'ब्लैकआउट' हो गया। एक घंटे तक चलने वाला वास ब्लैकआउट उन तेज हवाओं का नतीजा था, जो अमेजन, रोंडिया के राज्यों में धधक रही जंगल की आग के धुएं के कारण हुईं, जो शहर से २,७०० किमी [१,७०० मील] दूर थीं। ब्राजील के सबसे बड़े राज्य, अमेजन के अनुसार, यूरोन्यूज़ के अनुसार, उग्र आग और जहरीले धुएं के कारण आपातकाल की स्थिति घोषित करनी पड़ी।
ब्राजील में अमेज़न जंगल की आग जलवायु परिवर्तन पर घातक प्रभाव डालेगी। लाखों हेक्टेयर जंगल जलकर राख हो गए। विशेषज्ञों के अनुसार, यह बढ़ते तापमान की गति को तेज करके सीधे ग्लोबल वार्मिंग को प्रभावित करेगा क्योंकि गर्मी के जाल में लाखों टन को२ वायुमंडल में छोड़ा जाता है। यह बदले में, बर्फ के कैप को पिघलाकर समुद्र के स्तर को बढ़ाता है। पर्यावरण पर इन सभी विनाशकारी प्रभावों के साथ मानव जाति पर विनाशकारी प्रभाव आता है।
द न्यू यॉर्क टाइम्स की रिपोर्ट के अनुसार, ब्राजील ने जी ७ देशों से लगभग २२ मिलियन डॉलर के अमेज़ॅन सहायता कोष को अस्वीकार कर दिया है लेकिन बाद में ब्रिटेन से $ १२ मिलियन की सहायता राशि स्वीकार की। जुलाई से नवंबर तक, यह अमेज़ॅन वर्षावन में आग का मौसम है। लेकिन जब जंगलों में आग जीवन चक्र का एक सामान्य हिस्सा हो सकती है, तो अमेज़ॅन में अधिकांश लपटें प्राकृतिक - और हानिकारक से बहुत दूर हैं। हर साल, लोग खेती और चरागाह के लिए भूमि खाली करने के लिए वर्षावन जलाते हैं, साथ ही साथ अवैध कटाई भी करते हैं। इससे भी बुरी बात यह है कि ये प्रथाएं जंगल को भविष्य के धब्बों के लिए और भी कमजोर बना देती हैं और जलवायु परिवर्तन में योगदान देती हैं।
इस साल की पहली छमाही में अमेज़न में २७,८१४ आग लग गई थी। यह अवधि के लिए दर्ज की गई सबसे बड़ी संख्या और ऐतिहासिक औसत से ऊपर ८१ प्रतिशत है। इनमें से अधिकांश आग लोगों द्वारा शुरू की गई थी।
हर साल अमेज़न फायर सीजन लंबा हो जाता है। १९७९ से २०१३ के बीच, वार्षिक आग के मौसम में १८.७ प्रतिशत की वृद्धि हुई।
ब्राजील में ग्रीनहाउस गैस उत्सर्जन के ३० प्रतिशत के लिए अमेज़न में वनों की कटाई जिम्मेदार है। अमेज़न की आग से छोड़ी गई ४०-५० प्रतिशत कार्बन गैस तुरंत वायुमंडल में प्रवेश करती है, जिसका सीधा असर ग्लोबल वार्मिंग पर पड़ता है।
अमेज़न में हर साल नष्ट होने वाले जंगल का क्षेत्रफल ६,००० किमी २ है - रियो डी जनेरियो शहर के आकार का चार गुना। २015 में, ब्राज़ील सरकार ने केवल २030 तक अवैध वनों की कटाई को समाप्त करने के लिए प्रतिबद्ध किया, जिसका अर्थ है कि यह वनों की कटाई जैसे १४ से अधिक वर्षों के लिए आग लगाने की अनुमति देगा।
अधिकृत डाटा के अनुसार ब्राजील में इस वर्ष ७५ हजार अग्निकांड हुए हैं, जबकि वर्ष २०१८ में ३९ हज़ार ७५9 आग्निकांड हुए थे। बताया जाता है कि अमेजन में ग़र्मी के दिनों में जुलाई से अक्टूबर के बीच आग की घटनाएं होती रहती हैं। इसका एक कारण यह भी है कि किसान अपनी अगली पैदावार के लिए खेती योग्य ज़मीन बनाने हेतु पुरानी फसलों की घास-फूस जलाते हैं। इसके लिए पर्यावरणविद् ब्राज़ील के राष्ट्रपति जैर बोलसोनरो को भी दोषी ठहराते हैं, जिन्होंने पेड़ों की कटाई को प्रोत्साहन दिया है, जबकि राष्ट्रपति ग़ैर सरकारी संगठनों को पेड़ों की कटाई का दोषी मानते चले आ रहे हैं। हालांकि राष्ट्रपति ने यह तो स्वीकार किया है कि सरकार के पास संसाधनों की कमी है। |
# Verifying two functions
1. Oct 29, 2014
### terp.asessed
1. The problem statement, all variables and given/known data
I am trying to solve the textbook questions, but the steps are not shown--any suggestions would be appreciated!:
1) Verify that x(t) = Asin (wt) + B cos(wt), where w = (k/m)1/2 is a solution to Newton's equation for a harmonic oscillator.
2) Verify that x(t) = Csin(wt + Φ) is a solution to Newton's equation for a harmonic oscillator.
2. Relevant equations
Given above...
3. The attempt at a solution
1) I only have a faint idea, but don't know where to progress.....
2) I think I am going in a right direction, but don't know if it is of "ENOUGH" verification:
sin(wt +Φ) = sin(wt)cosΦ + cos(wt)sinΦ, which I put into the x(t) function:
x(t) = Csin(wt)cosΦ + Ccos(wt)sinΦ
= c1sin(wt) + c2cos(wt)
∴ c1= CcosΦ
c2= CsinΦ
...do I need further proof?
2. Oct 30, 2014
### BvU
1) The idea is that you fill in x(t) in "Newton's equation for a harmonic oscillator" . The equation is probably linear in x, so you can do the terms one by one and you can forget the constants A and B
Same goes for 2). What you do in your attempt for 2) is convert a solution of type 2) into one of type 1. So once you've done 1) properly, you are also done with 2).
You don't say, but I suppose in your context, Newton's equation for a harmonic oscillator is something like $m\ddot x + k x = 0$ ?
Last edited: Oct 31, 2014
3. Oct 30, 2014
### haruspex
... and that's the equation that should have been posted as "relevant equations". |
Before the Arab conquest, Zoroastrianism was the dominant religion in Iran. Many Zoroastrians migrated to Yazd after the conquest, and by paying a tax, the city was allowed to retain its faith. Today, many Persian traditions remain rooted in this ancient religion, and although the population of Zoroastrians has greatly dwindled, a sizable portion still live in Yazd.
Before visiting the Fire Temple, wind your way through the narrow mud-brick alleys of the Zoroastrian neighborhood, which is bound to captivate you. But don’t get carried away snapping photos without noticing the following details:
His and her door knockers
The copper door knockers add more than just a lovely touch to the wooden doors. Old houses in Iran used to have two door knockers to identify who was at the door and therefore who should answer the door, information that was especially important to more conservative Muslim families. Men used the knocker on the right, which made a deeper sound, and women used the one on the left, which made a softer noise. Because it’s not necessary for Zoroastrian residents to know the gender of their guest, their houses are easily spotted as the ones with the sole knocker on the right.
Benches and candle holders
Since daily interaction with neighbors is encouraged, the brick benches spread across the alleys were designed to get residents out and exchanging more than a simple hello. The blackened pockets dotting the walls were used to hold candles or oil lamps to illuminate the alley at dusk. So, even if you and your neighbor were sharing an evening chat, you wouldn’t have to do so in the dark. Of course, these days with modern street lights, they’re just a memory of days past.
The greatest trait of the neighborhood, though, is without a doubt the make-up alleys, immediately identified by their narrowness. It’s said that if two people were on non-speaking terms and passed each other in one of these passages, they would bump into each other and therefore be forced to speak and make up.
The arches above these alleys are multipurpose. They unify two separate walls, and they create shade (a blessing in this desert city). They also symbolize two hands reaching out and holding on to each other for support. They make the distance of the alley appear shorter as well; therefore, you’ll be more inclined to walk down and visit your friend. |
पूरे दिन में केवल इस एक समय पर भूल कर भी न पिएं पानी, होगा ये बड़ा नुकसान - एल आयुर्वेदिक
पूरे दिन में केवल इस एक समय पर भूल कर भी न पिएं पानी, होगा ये बड़ा नुकसान
जल ही जीवन है ये तो सत्य बात है। बिना पानी के तो जीवन ही नहीं है, ये बहुत छोटी सी बात है पर इसी बात पर हमारा जीवन टिका है. क्या आप बिना पानी पिए केवल एक दिन रह सकते हैं, नहीं न. अगर बिना पानी पिए आप कुछ देर भी रह सकते हैं तो ये खबर आपके काम की है।
प्रेवियस पोस्ट कब्ज से हैं परेशान तो एक छोटा-सा तरीका आपको दिला सकता है, इस समस्या से निजात
नेक्स्ट पोस्ट बाबा रामदेव के ये १० आयुर्वेदिक दवा जो बचा सकती है आपकी ज़िन्दगी, बहुत ही प्रभावी प्राकृतिक उपाय |
Grade Level: 4 (3-5)
Time Required: 45 minutes
Subject Areas: Science and Technology
SummaryStudents are introduced to the concept of the image of music. After listening to a song, they draw images of it by deciding where different musical instruments were placed during recording. They further investigate audio engineering by modeling the position of microphones over a drum set to create a desired musical image.
Audio engineering has a long history involved with the creation of pop culture. Audio engineers can be found in recording studios around the world. They enhance and create sounds and special effects for music and films. Audio engineers make better and clearer the sounds we hear through televisions, radios, MP3 players, speakers and even the public announcement intercoms at sports games. Music and film are the most common industries in which audio engineers specialize.
After this activity, students should be able to:
- Explain the musical image of a song.
- Model the placement of microphones to create a specific musical image.
- Describe the impacts of audio engineering on the music they hear.
Each TeachEngineering lesson or activity is correlated to one or more K-12 science,
technology, engineering or math (STEM) educational standards.
All 100,000+ K-12 STEM standards covered in TeachEngineering are collected, maintained and packaged by the Achievement Standards Network (ASN),
a project of D2L (www.achievementstandards.org).
In the ASN, standards are hierarchically structured: first by source; e.g., by state; within source by type; e.g., science or mathematics;
within type by subtype, then by grade, etc.
Each TeachEngineering lesson or activity is correlated to one or more K-12 science, technology, engineering or math (STEM) educational standards.
All 100,000+ K-12 STEM standards covered in TeachEngineering are collected, maintained and packaged by the Achievement Standards Network (ASN), a project of D2L (www.achievementstandards.org).
In the ASN, standards are hierarchically structured: first by source; e.g., by state; within source by type; e.g., science or mathematics; within type by subtype, then by grade, etc.
Worksheets and AttachmentsVisit [ ] to print or download.
More Curriculum Like This
Students are introduced to audio engineers, discovering the type of environment in which they work and exactly what they do on a day-to-day basis. Students come to realize that audio engineers help produce their favorite music and movies.
Students learn how different materials reflect and absorb sound.
Students should understand that sound travels in waves and has a direction of travel. This activity works well accompanying a science unit on sound or waves.
Audio engineers sometimes refer to the image of a song. They are talking about the fact that a recorded song can be split into a left side, a right side and a center. Have you ever adjusted the balance on your radio?
Imagine a four-piece jazz band on a stage in your living room instead of the regular CD player and speakers. The sounds from the saxophone would come from a different place than, say, the drums, since players usually stand apart from one another on stage. What would the band's position on the stage look like if their sounds all came from the same place, like they do from one speaker? (Answer: They would all be stacked on top of one another or somehow clumped together — a very strange picture!)
Audio engineers record songs with a spread-out image to be displayed by two or more speakers. This means that different sounds come from different speakers to create the effect of a band in your living room. Also, they have advanced how we can hear other sounds. Audio engineers create interesting effects such as a sound that moves from side to side or even up and down. Have you ever heard such an effect, perhaps at a movie?
Today, we are going to train our ears to see images of songs. First, we will listen to a song and draw its musical image. Then, we are going to step into the shoes of an audio engineer, pick up some microphones (or, in our case, colored pencils and construction paper to model microphones) and position them over a drum set (also called a trap set) for a desired musical image that we are given. (These are also called the specifications.) Audio engineers often have to try several different arrangements of microphones and instruments to get the desired sound. We will also get a chance to try several different arrangements of our microphones to find the best fit for the musical image.
Poll: Before the lesson, ask students the same YES/NO question. Tally the yes/no answers and write them on the board.
- When you listen to a song on your stereo or MP3 player, do the same sounds come out of both speakers? (Answer: The answer should be no, but exceptions may exist. Encourage students to listen for themselves the next time.)
Activity Embedded Assessment
Voting: Ask students to imagine a person in a recording studio listening to a drummer play. Another person is listening with headphones to what the microphones are picking up.
- Does rearranging the microphones affect both people's hearing? Have students vote thumbs up for yes, or thumbs down for no. (Answer: No, rearranging the microphones only affects the person with the headphones.)
Group Evaluation: Ask students to leave their answers for the Mic a Trap Set on the floor. Have student groups rotate through the different possible microphone combinations for the desired musical image (the microphones can be anywhere on either side of the line as long as they are equidistant from the line). If time permits, have groups volunteer to explain why they chose the placement that they did. Direct other groups to ask questions of each other's designs. How many groups had similar designs?
Lesson Extension Activities
Have students bring in their favorite songs to play for the class. Have students complete Part 1 for the various songs, listing the instruments, and investigating the many different types of musical images that exist.
For students that have been to a concert (or a school concert), have them discuss the sound differences between what the concert sounded like live compared to a recording of musicians.
Dunbar, Brian. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Glenn Research Center's Acoustical Testing Laboratory (ATL), "Cleveland Institute of Music Student in Acoustical Testing Laboratory," May 2, 2008, accessed July 3, 2008. http://www.nasa.gov/centers/glenn/multimedia/imagegallery/image_feature_004_C2003-399_prt.htm
National Communications System, National Security Telecommunications Advisory Committee (NCSTA), NCSTA Meeting – June 2001, "Images from the Reception/Dinner - June 2001," December 7, 2006, accessed July 3, 2008. http://www.ncs.gov/nstac/june2001/nstac_meetings.html
State of New South Wales through the Department of Education and Training, 2008, http://www.curriculumsupport.education.nsw.gov.au/
Copyright© 2008 by Regents of the University of Colorado.
ContributorsMichael Bendewald; Malinda Schaefer Zarske; Janet Yowell
Supporting ProgramIntegrated Teaching and Learning Program, College of Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder
The contents of this digital library curriculum were developed under a grant from the Fund for the Improvement of Postsecondary Education (FIPSE), U.S. Department of Education, and National Science Foundation GK-12 grant no 0338326. However, these contents do not necessarily represent the policies of the Department of Education or National Science Foundation, and you should not assume endorsement by the federal government.
Last modified: August 10, 2017 |
When you have a stomach ache, it's tempting to crawl into a ball and hope the pain passes. A more proactive approach, however, is to seek out foods that can soothe the ache. Several types of food, including a couple fruits, can help reduce the discomfort and require next to no preparation.
Bananas and Apples
Following the BRAT diet, consisting of bananas, rice, apples and toast, can help alleviate the pain of a sore stomach. If you're determined to stick to fruits, opt for a banana or some applesauce. The bland nature of these foods is ideal for calming the stomach. Bananas are also a valuable source of potassium, which is beneficial if you're dehydrated from diarrhea or throwing up, while the pectin in apples can help if you're constipated. Avoid spicy, fatty foods, and call your doctor if the pain doesn't improve in less than 48 hours. |
Hey all: Firstly, sorry for the large absence since my last post. Interestingly, I had my own parasite (pneumonia), which put me out of action for a while.
Anyway, to the post!
Hosts often have multiple parasites at a time, and what is good for one parasite may not be good for another parasite.
A real-life example.
The cestode parasite Schistocephalus solidus has a three host life cycle. It first infects copepods (Macrocyclops albidus). Then, three-spined sticklebacks (a fish) acquire the parasite through eating infected copepods. Finally, birds acquire the parasite by eating infected fish. The parasite reproduces inside the bird, releasing further parasites into the environment, which will infect copepods. The circle of life.
Such a transmission cycle, in which the parasite moves through consumption of one species by another, is referred to as trophic transmission.
Trophically-transmitted parasites often manipulate the behavior of one of their earlier hosts to facilitate transmission to the final host (see, for example, Moore 2013, Poulin 2010). Normally, we think of these behavioral alterations as making hosts more susceptible to predation by the next host in the life cycle (e.g., Lafferty 1992). Parasites, however, often have development times inside their hosts. By development times, I mean that parasites are not typically infective to the next host in the life cycle immediately upon infecting the current host. Once in a host (say, the copepod), a parasite needs some time before it can successfully infect the next host (the fish). If the parasite’s host were to be eaten before the parasite was infective to its next host, then the parasite would die, even it were eaten by the correct next host. For this reason, many authors have hypothesized that before the parasite is infective, it should reduce its host’s susceptibility to predation (e.g., by increasing host hiding behaviors). Other authors have further noted that if a host is infected by parasites at different developmental stages (parasitized by both infective and uninfective stages), then the different parasites may attempt to sabotage the manipulation of the other. For example, the infective parasite may prevent the uninfective parasite from reducing the host’s susceptibility to predation. Crazy (cool), right?
Hafer and Milinski (2015) tested this idea with S. solidus in its copepod host. Just ignoring all the details about statistics and experimental design (who cares about that anyway?), here are their results: Hafer and Milinski found that copepods infected with different stages of parasite experienced sabotage of behavioral manipulation. When copepods were infected with two parasites, which were both infective, then the copepods displayed reduced anti-predator behaviors. Likewise, when both parasites were uninfective, the copepods exhibited increased anti-predator behaviors. But when copepods were infected with one infective and one uninfective parasite, then the copepods still demonstrated reduced anti-predator behaviors. The uninfective parasites lost out! The manipulation by the infective parasites prevented that by the uninfective parasites.
Hafer, N. and M. Milinski (2015). “When parasites disagree: Evidence for parasite‐induced sabotage of host manipulation.” Evolution.
Lafferty, K. D. (1992). Foraging on prey that are modified by parasites. American Naturalist.
Moore, J. 2013. An overview of parasite-induced behavioral alterations – and some lessons from bats. Journal of Experimental Biology.
Poulin, R. 2010. Parasite manipulation of host behavior: an update and frequently asked questions. Advances in the Study of Behavior. |
In 2003, plastic surgeons performed 280,401 breast-augmentation surgeries in the United States. This made breast augmentation the second most common elective surgery and the most common type of breast surgery for that year. Breast augmentation, or augmentation mammoplasty, is the insertion of breast implants into a woman's breasts to increase their size. These implants have been the center of controversy for almost 30 years.
In this article, HowStuffWorks looks at breast implants and the surgery that inserts them into a woman's breasts. We'll examine the history and controversy surrounding breast implants and the risks associated with them, describe the various methods used to implant them, and learn how men also use breast surgeries to alter their appearance. |
Some tips that are most beneficial for females who are in need of support.
1. Zap your tension.
” The most significant concern I see in the majority of my clients is that they have excessive stuff on their plates and wish to manage everything. Tension can have substantial health repercussions, from infertility to greater dangers of anxiety, stress and anxiety, and cardiovascular disease. Discover the stress-reduction approach that works for you and persevere.”
2. Stop dieting.
” Consuming healthy does not suggest you need to forgo your preferred glass of wine or a piece of chocolate cake once in a while. The secret is small amounts. Get a mix of lean proteins, healthy fats, clever carbohydrates, and fiber.”
3. Do not “OD” on calcium.
” Excessive taken in calcium can increase the threat of kidney stones and might even increase the danger of heart problem. If you’re under 50, strive 1,000 milligrams each day, while over-50 ladies need to be getting 1,200 milligrams daily primarily through diet plan– about 3 portions of calcium-rich foods such as milk, salmon, and almonds.”
4. Do more than cardio.
” Ladies require a mix of cardio and resistance or weight-bearing workout a minimum of 3 to 5 times a week to assist avoid osteoporosis, heart problem, cancer, and diabetes. Workout likewise promotes great self-image, which is truly essential to a lady’s psychological health.”
5. Think of fertility.
” While numerous females have no issue getting pregnant in their late 30s as well as into their early 40s, a female’s fertility might begin to decrease as early as 32. So if you wish to have kids, speak to your medical professional about alternatives, like freezing your eggs.”
6. Value contraception.
” Contraception gets a bum rap, however not just can it keep you from getting pregnant prior to you’re prepared, research studies reveal it can reduce the danger of uterine and ovarian cancer along with manage your cycle.”
Extra tip: Call a womens counsellor to help you
Counselling for women has become a popular service provided especially for women who need support with lifes problems. |
Russians continue to make UAVs using Western tech from Intel, Raspberry, and other companies
Ukrainian soldiers has captured a Russian UAV of non-serial production. The photos published by DS8044 Kyiv show that the Russians continue to use Western tech components from American manufacturers, such as Intel and Taoglas.
- Back in June 2022, it became known that various types of Russian weapons use chips and elements from a dozen American companies, including Intel, Analog Devices, Texas Instruments, and Onsemi.
- At the time, FBI and Commerce Department agents examined American tech companies to find out the origin of computer chips found in drones and other weapons that Russia is using in the war against Ukraine.
- However, judging by the photos of a custom drone captured by Ukrainian defenders as of May 2023, the situation has practically not changed, and the Russians continue to use Western technologies for the war in Ukraine.
- The photos show a product of the American company Intel — Neural Compute Stick 2, which, according to the manufacturer’s description, allows you to “deploy a computer vision system (for example, a gesture recognition system on drones or industrial robots), as well as artificial intelligence systems on various prototypes and IoT devices.”
- In addition, the Russians use the GP.1575.15.4.B.02 GPS/GALILEO patch antenna manufactured by the American Taoglas (or its analogue from the same manufacturer) and a Raspberry Pi single-board computer developed by the British Raspberry Pi Foundation.
Why is it important?
After the Russian invasion of Ukraine started in February 2022, the United States and many allies banned all sales of microchips to Russian military buyers and sanctioned the sale of microchips to other Russian buyers in an attempt to prevent the country’s armed forces from accessing Western technology.
However, Russia has established the so-called “parallel import”, when the chips are not officially purchased by the Russian Federation itself, but by its neighbors. Thus, in the first half of 2022 alone, the export of smartphones from Kazakhstan to the Russian Federation increased by 2,100 times, microprocessors and controllers — by 121 times.
In order to really defeat Russia and prevent them from developing military technologies, the civilized world must effectively use restrictions on the supply of goods to Russia, and apply secondary sanctions, punishing those who help the aggressor country. |
Children start learning to read at a young age but developing reading comprehension is an ongoing process. Prioritizing reading comprehension is important because children read throughout their education. Many parents worry their child isn’t up to speed with reading comprehension, but luckily there’s a handful of things you can do to boost their understanding. If you’ve ever wondered how to build a child’s reading comprehension, you’ll find the following suggestions helpful.
Sometimes when reading to oneself, it can feel like the information is going in one ear and out the other. The material doesn’t always stick, which means reading that part over again. Some people don’t re-read and simply move on. For obvious reasons, this is not good for reading comprehension. If a child is skipping over the difficult parts, their reading comprehension won’t improve. One suggestion for how to build a child’s reading comprehension is by reading aloud. When a child reads aloud, they are forced to slow down. By slowing down, they can better focus and process the information. The act of reading aloud also helps because the child is reading and hearing the words aloud.
Another suggestion is that you read aloud to your child. This is a good way for a child to hear and see the words in a book. Reading to a child daily is helpful because it sets a routine in place. Like anything else, being consistent is important. Reading aloud with your child encourages them to build reading into their routine. Anything done daily is sure to improve over time, so consider reading aloud with your child once a day. This can be during school hours or after school. Many families read aloud before bed, so this may be an option to consider.
Try Familiar Topics
Reading comprehension is all about understanding what’s on the page. How can a child understand something in a book that they don’t understand in real life? This is a great question. Children might struggle to understand a book about something they’ve never experienced in real life. Try reading books that discuss topics your child is familiar with, then transition to new topics. This is a great way to build your child’s reading comprehension because they’re already familiar with the topic. This means they’ll have an easier time understanding what they’re reading. Taking this approach is especially helpful for children who are just learning to read. If you’re working on building your child’s reading comprehension, start with familiar topics and then slowly transition into new topics.
It’s important to make connections while reading because it ensures the child is understanding the concept. Reading comprehension is more than merely reading the words on a page. Building reading comprehension means working on your child’s ability to understand the things they read. There are many ways to make connections in a book. One example is making a connection between the book and real life. If the setting of the book is in a different state, you could talk about that state with your child. How is the state portrayed in the book? Does it seem accurate? This gets children thinking about the book and real life, which is making a connection. You could also discuss a character’s personality in the book. Who does this character remind your child of? Is there a friend or celebrity this character reminds them of? These are great ways to make connections because it gets the child thinking about how the book is similar to the real world.
Another way to build reading comprehension is by asking questions that make your child think. These questions can be about anything, not just making connections. You could ask your child to make a prediction. For example, ask them how they think the story might end. You could also ask questions about the plot. For example, you could ask your child how they think the main character is feeling. If they don’t know the answer, you could go back together and identify proof of their feelings. Asking questions helps identify what your child is struggling with. If you go through the whole book without asking questions, you might assume the child understands the material, when in fact that is not the case.
Write a Summary or Take Notes
Sometimes reading the words is easy, but understanding the topic is difficult. One way to ensure your child is understanding the material is by writing a summary. After each chapter of the book, have them write a summary of what they read. One way to test reading comprehension is by asking your child to write a summary without looking at the book. This helps identify whether your child is truly understanding the material.
If a child struggles with writing a summary, encourage them to write small summaries after each paragraph. Writing down what you read helps process the information, which helps build reading comprehension. Taking notes while reading is also beneficial to many people. Sometimes it’s difficult to absorb all the information in a book, so writing notes or a summary helps process the information. If a child struggles to write a summary or take notes, this is an indication that they’re struggling with reading comprehension.
Consider Reading Level
It is important to consider a child’s reading level when assessing their reading comprehension. If a child is reading a book that’s below their reading level, they should have good reading comprehension. It is important to know your child’s reading level, but not everyone can accurately say that they know this information. The best way to figure out our child’s reading level is by taking an assessment. If your homeschooler is between grades 2 and 5, it can be difficult to determine what they’re ready to learn or read. Consider the 5th grade map testif you’re interested in learning more about your child’s academic abilities. This test will help you choose reading material for your child based on what they’re ready to learn.
Homeschool Boss provides resources to minimize the stress that comes with homeschooling. We offer the NWEA MAP Growth test because it’s adaptive, cross-grade, online, and untimed. This test provides a wealth of information to families so they can maximize their child’s education. Let us know if you have any questions about MAP Growth, as we’re always happy to help. |
- Rowland, Raymond
- Funding Source
- Pork Checkoff
Research Projects Database Search
- Research projects are sorted by Relevance.
- Select the boxes on the left to filter results. Results can be sorted by Title, Date or Relevance.
- Multiple filters may be selected together. To deselect filters, click the box to uncheck the option.
Genetic modifications in CD163 that confer complete resistance of pigs to infection with PRRSV |
16 घंटे बत्ती रही गुल पीपीपी ने उम्मीद जताई है कि इस प्रस्ताव के बाद पीएमएलएन वापस सरकार में शामिल हो जाएगी। पीपीपी ने कहा है कि वह पंजाब प्रांत में पीएमएलएन की सरकार को अपना समर्थन जारी रखेगी। इसके अलावा कैदी के बच्चों के विवाह, कृषि, पारिवारिक सदस्य के एक्सीडेंट, पारिवारिक सदस्य की गंभीर बीमारी, पत्नी की डिलीवरी और कुदरती आफतों के कारण पारिवारिक सदस्य या उसकी जायदाद का नुकसान होने पर छह हफ्तों की पैरोल देने का उपबंध है। यह पैरोल अब साल में अधिक से अधिक 16 हफ्तों तक मिलेगी, जो तिमाही आधार पर होगी। कम्पनी का नकली माल बेचने के मामले में एक दुकानदार के खिलाफ रामपुरा कोतवाली थाने में धोखाधड़ी का मामला दर्ज हुआ है। पुलिस ने बताया कि साबरमती कॉलोनी निवासी राकेश वाल्मीकि ने बुधवार को रिपोर्ट दी थी। इसमें कहा कि अपनी दुकान पर डीजे साउंड लगाने के लिए वह रामपुरा बाजार स्थित ओम रेडियोज दुकान पर गए। वहां उन्होंने प्रोटेक कम्पनी की एम्प्लीफायर मशीन खरीदने की बात की। परियोजना निम्नलिखित द्वारा कार्यान्वित (अर्थात परियोजना अवधि के लिए विकसित, वित्त पोषित एवं संचालित) होगी: परंतु आईआईएफसीएल इस योजना के तहत जन निजी भागीदारी की उन परियोजनाओं को ऋण देने में सबसे अधिक प्राथमिकता</s> |
Streamline your design process in Canva by incorporating shapes to enhance visual appeal and organization. Elevate your creative endeavors and simplify design navigation with this user-friendly guide on adding shapes. Follow the seamless steps provided to effortlessly integrate shapes into your designs, ensuring enhanced efficiency and clarity within the Canva platform.
1. Let's get started, create your design.
2. Choose your preferred document type.
3. Click to bring up available 'Elements'.
4. Find the 'Shapes' section and view all options.
5. Select the desired shape for your design.
6. Adjust the shape to meet your design need.
7. Rotate your shape to fit the design.
Create your own step-by-step demo
Scale up your training and product adoption with beautiful AI-powered interactive demos and guides. Create your first Supademo in seconds for free. |
How do you get a healthy body? You give your body two treatments: healthy diet, and, healthy exercise. But for healthy happiness, you only need one treatment: healthy exercise.
In The Happiness Animal, you will be introduced to the five muscles that can be exercised to make your Happiness Animal stronger. The muscles are: 1)Tolerance 2)Kindness 3)Honesty 4)Awareness and 5)Courage.
Why Animal? The word Animal is derived from the Latin 'Anima' meaning spirit. How we exercise our spirit determines the strength of our happiness. The Happiness Animal's 25 exercises are a work-out for the reader's spirit, with exercises for each of the five muscles of the Happiness Animal. A fictional 'Animal's Anecdote' complements the theme of each chapter, while the latest evidence from science and psychology is used to bust the happiness myths, and provides the reader with a tool kit to avoid the common happiness traps. |
The Popples plush toys were manufactured by Mattel. Produced in the 1980s, these toys resemble brightly colored teddy bears or rabbits (but with long tails with pom-poms on the tip), and have pouches on their backs that can be inverted, so they go into the pouches and resemble brightly colored balls.
The first introduction included nine original Popples.
- PC (Pretty Cool) Popple is a large male Popple with blue fur, pink hair, and contrasting orange and yellow ears
- Party Popple is a large female Popple, with pink fur, hot pink hair, and contrasting lavender and pink ears
- Pancake is a large female Popple with purple fur, orange hair, and contrasting blue and gray ears
- Puzzle is a medium-sized male Popple with orange fur, green hair, and contrasting blue and red ears
- Prize is a medium-sized female Popple with dark magenta fur, white hair, and contrasting green and pink ears
- Puffball is a medium-sized female Popple with white fur, yellow hair, and contrasting blue and magenta ears.
- Pretty Bit is a small female Popple with lavender fur, hot pink hair, and contrasting pink and blue ears
- Potato Chip is a small female Popple with yellow fur, pink hair, and contrasting lavender and magenta ears
- Putter is a small male Popple with green fur, orange hair, and contrasting red and blue ears.
Rock Star PopplesEdit
The second launch brought the Rock Star Popples: Punkity (girl with microphone and star on her tummy) and Punkster (boy with guitar and lightning on his tummy) as well as the Popples Babies: Bibsy (white with purple and white hat, bib and booties with stars) and Cribsy (pink with blue and white striped hat, bib and bootises). The babies had rattles in their tails and came with a squeaking baby bottle.
A line extension brought about Pufflings, which looked like little Popple pets (they were basically a ball of fluff with a face and tiny paws and tail coming out, and could flip inside out to look a bit like an anemone) and carried riddles and jokes on tags inside them. There were 6 different colors of Pufflings: Red, yellow, sky blue, purple, white and magenta.
The Popples also had Sports Popples who turned into balls: Big Kick (soccer ball), Dunker (basketball), Touchdown (football), PC Pitcher (baseball), Net Set (tennis ball). The Sports Popples included Cuester, who turned into an 8-ball, but no known toy has been made of him. Similarly, no toy was made of the original Pitcher but PC was dressed in a baseball outfit to replace him.
Other Full-Sized PopplesEdit
There were numerous variants: Flower Popples (who would turn into flowers when you flipped them inside out), Pillow Popples (wearing pajamas and turned into sleeping bag), Fruit Popples (who turned into different fruits), and Special Editions with limited distribution (including an animal series with Popples that transformed into parrot, dog, and a rabbit), and Costume Popples who were wearing special clothes and turned into something related (example: a ballerina Popple that turns into a handbag).
Besides the stuffed animals, another successful Popple-themed line of merchandise was Pocket Popples. Based on same characters as the larger Popples they were scaled to fit in a pocket. They had PVC faces, articulated arms and legs, and fabric features of ears, tails and pocket (where they hid).
A revival was attempted by Playmates Toys (who is also the current manufacturer of toys featuring another American Greetings property, Strawberry Shortcake) in 2007. This rendition currently only has four characters, (HappyPopp, PrettyPopp, KissyPopp, and MonsterPopp), marketed under the name 'Popp n Giggles Popples' which contain a sound box that makes a popping sound followed by a giggle when the popple comes out of its pouch (or when you press down on the shoulders while in its box, or sitting on a hard surface). Also released in 2007 was a version of Popples 'pufflings' called 'Popp n'mini message popples' which could record a 'message'. There are also "Key Chain" and "Cell Phone Charm" mini plush Popples that more resemble the Popples of the 1980's available in countries outside the US, such as Japan. (Key Chain Popples that have been spoted include those that resemble Party, Prize, Puffball, Pretty Bit, Potato Chip,and P.C.) Various "Deco Packing Tape", and stickers featuring original Popples exist as well.
|This page uses Creative Commons Licensed content from Wikipedia (view authors).| |
The ability to think and communicate mathematically is essential to becoming a successful and productive member of our dynamic global society. To prepare our students, they must develop the skills to:
- Use number sense fluently
- Attend to precision
- Think creatively and flexibly
- Build, support, and critique an argument
- Communicate mathematical thinking orally, visually, and in writing
- Make connections between mathematical ideas, patterns and concepts in a variety of contexts
If we are to meet this challenge, we must provide students with multiple opportunities to engage with a variety of problem solving tasks that reflect the diverse backgrounds, abilities, and experiences of each student. Students should explore and collaborate on rich problems with multiple entry points and multiple paths to a solution that challenges them. Students should be encouraged to work through their thinking and computations in order for them to recognize the patterns, significance, and relevance of the true nature of mathematics. Developing number sense, estimation, and computation skills will create students who are more efficient in their problem solving skills.
We must provide all students with a rigorous, accessible, and challenging curriculum that will develop critical thinkers and prepare them for post‐secondary, career, and life success. This will require a combination of materials and the use of multiple instructional strategies, including evidence‐based intervention and extension methods to successfully reach all children. Proficiency on learning targets, mathematical practices, and ongoing assessment of student progress will inform next steps for instruction.
Elementary Math Learning Targets
The current Math curriculum was adopted by the School Board on April 4, 2017. The adoption process followed the procedures outlined in the Instructional Materials Selection Administrative Regulation II/IIA-AR.
To learn more about the Math curriculum adoption, please visit the Math Curriculum Project Team page. |
MercyHand, simply put, is an accountability suite that helps churches, counseling centers, and non-profit organizations keep track of goods and services provided to benevolent clients.
The purpose is to have a central, secure database that these businesses can access, register, or look-up clients that they assist, and enter information they believe to be useful for the organization’s historical data. These businesses can choose to keep their information private, or they can make it public to the MercyHand community.
Here’s an example:
A person comes into your organization needing fuel in their vehicle. You register the client into the MercyHand system, and then provide information stating that you’ve helped this person by providing a fuel gift card worth $50. Now let’s say this individual goes down the street, or to a nearby community, and seeks help from another organization by asking them for a fuel gift card. This organization can search for the client in the MercyHand system, and then see that your facility has already helped this person with fuel recently. This is a simple example of how the accountability network can work among organizations in any community, anywhere in the world!
Imagine if there is an organization in Los Angeles using the MercyHand system, and the information that they input on a certain client were to help another organization in New York. The information has already proven itself to be invaluable many times in scenarios similar to this.
Why not get your organization involved and bring a sense of unity among your community by getting them all involved as well? Together, we can help one another, and help those we serve at the same time. |
# class Base: # 父类 ——> 基类 ——>超类
# def chi(self):
# print("我会吃")
#
# # 派生类——>子类
# class Foo(Base): # 这个类继承了Base，Foo实际上是对Base的扩展
# def he(self):
# print("我还会喝")
# class Foo:
# pass
#
# print(hash(Foo)) # -9223371866184272515 可哈希
# print(hash(Foo())) # -9223371880495196286 可哈希
#
# # 我们创建的类和对象默认都是可哈希的
#
# # 去掉可哈希
#
# class Foo1:
# __hash__ = None # 此时类所创建的对象就是不可哈希的，但类名却是可哈希的
#
# print(hash(Foo1)) # -9223371894238832430
# print(hash(Foo1())) # 所创建的对象是不可哈希的，但是对应的类名是可哈希的
# class Foo:
# def chi(self,food):
# print("我爱吃鱼和",food)
#
# class Bar:
# def chi(self,food):
# print("我爱吃肉和",food)
#
# dic = {Foo:"鸡蛋",Bar:"香肠"}
#
# for k,v in dic.items():
# k().chi(v)
#
# # 我爱吃鱼和 鸡蛋
# # 我爱吃肉和 香肠
# 类名 = 变量名
# class Base:
# def __init__(self,num):
# self.num = num
#
# def func1(self):
# print(self.num)
#
# class Foo(Base):
# def func1(self):
# pass
#
# object = Foo(123)
# object.func1()
#
#
# class Base:
# def __init__(self,num):
# self.num = num
#
# def func1(self):
# print(self.num)
#
#
# class Foo(Base):
# def func1(self):
# print("Foo,func1",self.num)
#
# object = Foo(123)
# object.func1() # Foo,func1 123
class Base:
def __init__(self,num):
self.num = num
def func1(self):
print(self.num)
self.func2()
def func2(self):
print("Base.func2")
class Foo(Base):
def func2(self):
print("Foo,func2")
object = Foo(123) # 可在子类中直接调用父类中的属性
object.func1() # 先在子类里面找，执行到func1后，准备调用func2，func2在Foo里面有，所以调用Foo中的func2
# self就是你访问的那个对象，先找自己，然后再找父类 |
"""Forms for Zinnia admin"""
from django import forms
from django.db.models import ManyToOneRel
from django.db.models import ManyToManyRel
from django.contrib.sites.models import Site
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
from django.contrib.admin.widgets import RelatedFieldWidgetWrapper
from zinnia.models import Entry
from zinnia.models import Category
from zinnia.admin.widgets import TreeNodeChoiceField
from zinnia.admin.widgets import MPTTFilteredSelectMultiple
from zinnia.admin.widgets import MPTTModelMultipleChoiceField
class CategoryAdminForm(forms.ModelForm):
"""Form for Category's Admin"""
parent = TreeNodeChoiceField(label=_('parent category').capitalize(),
required=False,
empty_label=_('No parent category'),
queryset=Category.tree.all(),
level_indicator=u'|--')
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
super(CategoryAdminForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
rel = ManyToOneRel(Category, 'id')
self.fields['parent'].widget = RelatedFieldWidgetWrapper(
self.fields['parent'].widget, rel, self.admin_site)
def clean_parent(self):
"""Check if category parent is not selfish"""
data = self.cleaned_data['parent']
if data == self.instance:
raise forms.ValidationError(
_('A category cannot be parent of itself.'))
return data
class Meta:
"""CategoryAdminForm's Meta"""
model = Category
class EntryAdminForm(forms.ModelForm):
"""Form for Entry's Admin"""
categories = MPTTModelMultipleChoiceField(
Category.objects.all(), required=False, label=_('Categories'),
widget=MPTTFilteredSelectMultiple(_('categories'), False,
attrs={'rows': '10'}))
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
super(EntryAdminForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
rel = ManyToManyRel(Category, 'id')
self.fields['categories'].widget = RelatedFieldWidgetWrapper(
self.fields['categories'].widget, rel, self.admin_site)
self.fields['sites'].initial = [Site.objects.get_current()]
class Meta:
"""EntryAdminForm's Meta"""
model = Entry
|
April 14, 2020
## Accumulative sum
Everyday you spend some money
How much money you have each day?
## Accumulative Sum: daily balance
The income can be positive (salary) or negative (expenses)
The balance on first day is your initial money
The balance of today is the balance of yesterday plus the income of today
balance[today] <- balance[yesterday] + income[today]
## Today and yesterday
We will see several “days”, represented by i
It is useful to think that
• i represents “today”
• i-1 represents “yesterday”
## If we know income, we can calculate balance
The balance on first day is your initial money
balance[1] <- income[1]
The balance of today is the balance of yesterday plus the income of today
for(i in 2:length(income)) {
balance[i] <- balance[i-1] + income[i]
}
## Life is change
Biology is the study of life
Living organisms change. They are alive
To study life, we need to study how things change
## Two vectors
For each thing that we consider, we will carry two vectors
• One vector representing the state
• For example, the balance of money
• One vector representing the change
• For example, the income/expenses
## From change to state
If we know the change vector, we can always know the state vector
state[1] <- change[1]
for(i in 2:length(change)) {
state[i] <- state[i-1] + change[i]
}
The input is change, the output is state
## Interesting systems
As we said,
If we know the change today, we can know the state today
In real life, in particular in biology, we do not know the change until we know the state
If we know the state yesterday, we can know the change today
## We will unlock this cycle
We will calculate change and state at the same time
## A simple system: growing cell lines
In a Petri dish we have one cell
Every hour, 10% of the cells duplicate, and they never die
How many cells we have after i hours?
(this is a toy problem, to start thinking)
## In a drawing
Duplication process takes one cell and delivers two cells
## The parts of the system
There is only one element: the cells
There are two values important to them:
• The number of cells
• The change in the number of cells
## Let’s give them names
The vector cells is the number of cells
The value cells[i] is the number of cells on time i
The vector growth is the growth of the number of cells
There are growth[i] new cells between time i-1 and i
## Every hour, 10% of the cells duplicate
The duplication_rate is 0.1
growth[i] <- cells[i-1]*duplication_rate
The growth on time i depends on the cells existing on time i-1
## The number of cells increases
cells will be the cumulative sum of growth
But growth depends on cells
Therefore, we calculate both together
## How many cells we have after one week?
One week has 168 hours
for(i in 2:168) {
growth[i] <- cells[i-1]*duplication_rate
cells[i] <- cells[i-1] + growth[i]
}
## Solving the system
Let’s simulate for one week
First we create empty vectors to store the result
cells <- rep(NA, 168)
growth <- rep(NA, 168)
cells[1] <- 1
growth[1] <- 0
## One week passes
How many cells we have after 168 hours?
duplication_rate <- 0.1
cells[1] <- 1
growth[1] <- 0
for(i in 2:168) {
growth[i] <- cells[i-1]*duplication_rate
cells[i] <- cells[i-1] + growth[i]
}
Now we have the vector cells. We can look at cells[168]
## This is Exponential Growth
Number of cells increases 10% every hour
That is, it duplicates every 7:15 hours
Number of cells increases 10 times every ≈24h
In one week their volume is 80ml
In two weeks their volume is 670 cubic meters
## All code will have the same shape
petri_dish <- function(N, duplication_rate) {
cells <- rep(NA, N)
growth <- rep(NA, N)
cells[1] <- 1
growth[1] <- 0
for(i in 2:N) {
growth[i] <- cells[i-1]*duplication_rate
cells[i] <- cells[i-1] + growth[i]
}
return(data.frame(cells, growth))
}
## Limited food
In practice cells never grow that much
There is a limited amount of food
So we need to include food in the system
How can we include food in the system?
And, what is a system?
## Basic Systems Theory
These ideas are useful to understand the reality
A System is a set of parts that interact
Each part can be a smaller system
The behavior of the system depends on the parts AND on the interactions
## Total is bigger than the sum of the parts
Complex systems can have emergent properties
That is, the system can do things that the parts cannot do
The system is different from the parts
## Drawing Systems
We will represent any system with a network with two kinds of nodes
• Circles will represent items
• Boxes will represent processes
Circles are connected to boxes with arrows and vice-versa
## Arrows
• Circles are connected to boxes
• Boxes are connected to circles
• There cannot be arrows between circles or between boxes
(only between nodes of different shape)
• There can be more than one arrow between a box and a circle, in any direction
The technical name of this kind of network is directed bipartite multigraph
## Example: Molecular Biology’s Dogma
• Which are the items?
• Which are the processes?
## Cells eat food, food limits growth rate
Let’s say that initially food is 20 ng
More cells eat more food, limited by the eat rate
We assume that when a cell gets food, it divides
## Cells eat food, food limits growth rate
Let’s say that initially food[1] <- 20
More cells eat more food, limited by the eat_rate:
food_change[i] <- -cells[i-1]*food[i-1]*eat_rate
We assume that when a cell gets food, it divides:
growth[i] <- cells[i-1]*food[i-1]*eat_rate
What happens now?
## All the code together
cells <- growth <- rep(NA, 168)
food <- food_change <- rep(NA, 168)
cells[1] <- 1
growth[1] <- 0
food[1] <- 20
food_change[1] <- 0
eat_rate <- 0.003
for(i in 2:168) {
growth[i] <- cells[i-1]*food[i-1]*eat_rate
food_change[i] <- -cells[i-1]*food[i-1]*eat_rate
cells[i] <- cells[i-1] + growth[i]
food[i] <- food[i-1] + food_change[i]
}
## Homework
Explain —in English— what happens in the system represented by this drawing |
हिंदी न्यूज़ - तेज आंधी में यात्रियों पर जा गिरा रेलवे प्लेटफार्म पर लगा शेड, एक की मौत कई जख्मी शेड ऑफ प्लेटफार्म फॉल ऑन पासेंजर एट कातिहार जंक्शन ब्रामक- हिन्दी समाचार, टुडे लेटेस्ट न्यूज़ इन हिन्दी
घटना की सूचना के बाद मंडल रेल प्रबंधक सीपी गुप्ता दल बल के साथ रेलवे स्टेशन पर पहुंचे और हादसे का जायजा लिया.
प्लेटफार्म पर गिरा यात्री शेड
बिहार के कई हिस्सों में मंगलवार की रात आई आंधी ने भारी तबाही मचाई है. कटिहार में आई आंधी-तूफान और बारिश ने एक यात्री की जान ले ली. तेज आंधी पानी से रेलवे प्लेटफार्म पर लगा शेड गिर गया. इस हादसे में जहां एक यात्री की मौत हो गई वहीं तीन लोग घायल हो गए.
मृतक रेल यात्री की पहचान मालदा जिले के ४० वर्षीय मोहम्मद भोलू के रूप में हुई है. घायलों की पहचान मधेपुरा के उपेंद्र शाह, प्रदीप कुमार साह, मालदा के सज्जन महतो के रूप में हुई है. घटना की सूचना के बाद मंडल रेल प्रबंधक सीपी गुप्ता दल बल के साथ रेलवे स्टेशन पर पहुंचे और घटना का जायजा लिया. डीसीएम विवेकानंद द्विवेदी, सीनियर डीईएन, डीसीएम, रेलवे अस्पताल के सीएमएस समेत कई विभाग के रेल अधिकारी स्टेशन पर पहुंचे हैं.
जानकारी के अनुसार कटिहार प्लेटफॉर्म नंबर १ पर आम्रपाली एक्सप्रेस अमृतसर के लिए जाने वाली थी इसी बीच अचानक तेज हवा चलने लगी और झमाझम बारिश भी होने लगी इसी दौरान आम्रपाली एक्सप्रेस ट्रेन के अंतिम बोगी के पास प्लेटफॉर्म का शेड टूट कर नीचे गिर गया. इस घटना के दौरान काफी अफरा-तफरी मच गई. प्लेटफॉर्म बैठे कुछ लोग ट्रेन के अंदर चले गए. बताया जाता है तूफान से बिजली का तार ट्रेन के बोगी में सट गया इससे ट्रेन में बैठे यात्रियों में अफरा-तफरी मच गई.
सीनियर डीसीएम विवेकानंद द्विवेदी ने एक यात्री की मरने की पुष्टि कर रहे हैं साथ ही तीन यात्रियों के घायल होने की बात कही है. उन्होंने कहा कि घटना के कारणों का सही पता लगाया जा रहा है. मृतक रेल यात्री के साथ उसके परिजन थे. |
Orchestra is for string players and a selected number of wind and percussion players. The orchestra performs at concerts and assemblies, provides programs for community organizations, plays for the annual musical, auditions for All-State Orchestra, and participates in festivals, state solo and ensemble contests in the spring. Lessons are required and are scheduled on a rotating basis during the school day.
- Advanced tuning skills – by ear
- Intonation skills
- Ensemble skills – Large and small group
- Advanced sight reading skills
- Music theory skills
- Advanced rhythmic skills
- Basic composition skills |
The stories of these conflicts, with their scores of killings, torture, reprisals and long lasting bitterness are told concisely in this book. Easter 1916 - the rebellion which took place in Ireland 90 years ago was arguably the most momentous event in this country's history. The War of Independence - the guerrilla war, characterised by marvellous courage and miserable cruelty. The Civil War - few episodes in Irish history are as poignant, bloody and unnecessary. This book traces the causes, events and consequences of these events. It will help a peaceful generation for which the bloody birth of modern Ireland is ancient history, to gain a better understanding of the essence of their nation. |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.