text
stringlengths 5
1.05M
|
|---|
n1= int(input("Digite primeiro numero:"))
n2= int(input("Digite segundo numero:"))
n3= int(input("Digite terceiro numero:"))
n4= int(input("Digite quarto numero:"))
r= n1+n2+n3+n4
print("A soma do valor:{}2".format(r,n1,n2,n3,n4))
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Emergy Accounting, Howard T. Odum, Environmental Engineering Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA [2000 April]
"Emergy-emdollar evaluation is introduced including concepts and instructions for making calculations. Because of the universal hierarchy of energy, work on any scale of the environment or within the economy may be compared on a common basis by expressing products and services in emergy units. Emergy is the available energy (exergy) of one kind previously required to be used up directly and indirectly to make the product or service. Quality of anything is measured by the emergy per unit. Emergy measures real wealth, and emergy per person measures standard of living. Emergy per unit money measures real wealth buying power and is used to calculate emdollars, the economic equivalent. Whereas real wealth of environmental resources is inverse to monetary costs and prices, emdollars indicate their true contribution to the human economy. Emergy/money ratios vary greatly among nations, causing great inequities in foreign trade and investments. Public policy on any scale can be successful by maximizing emdollars. This article illustrates calculation and use of emergy-emdollars with an evaluation of shrimp aquaculture in Ecuador."
Emergy Accounting, Howard T. Odum, from Appendix C on Transformity
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Motorola GP328 Single Bay Rapid Desk Charger
Rated 3.5/5 based on 11 customer reviews
Tri-Chemistry Rapid Charger For use with NiCd, NiMH, Li-Ion, and LiPo batteries.
- Quick, solid charge for a solitary battery with or without radio.
- Driven affirms charge status of battery.
- Charges Ni-CD, Ni-MH, Li-Ion and Li-Polymer sciences.
- Brilliant charging innovation anticipates over-charging, while at the same time giving programmed reviving when a radio stays fueled on.
- Replaceable connector unit permits future use with various radios/batteries.
- No muddled charging rules.
- Easy to understand: Status LED for each position affirms charging in advancement, charging 80% complete, and completely charged.
- Incorporates outside 100V – 240V AC to DC control supply.
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#!/usr/bin/env python3
#-*-coding=utf-8 -*-
import pandas as pd
def quarter_volume():
data = pd.read_csv('apple.csv',header=0)
timeindex = pd.to_datetime(data['Date'])
res = pd.Series(data['Volume'].as_matrix(),index=timeindex)
la = res.resample('Q').sum().sort_values()
second_volume = la[len(la)-2]
return second_volume
if __name__=='__main__':
print(quarter_volume())
|
Treatment for Early Menopause | Premature Ovarian Failure
Premature ovarian failure (POF), or early menopause is defined as the loss of ovarian function before age 40. This is different from the normal and natural menopause process that all women go through. In the case of premature ovarian failure or early menopause, there are often small primordial follicles remaining in the ovary, and there is a chance of conceiving naturally (albeit a small chance) or of having irregular periods.
Women with POF or early menopause will have high FSH, low estrogen, and amenorrhea or no menstrual periods. In many cases, POF can begin in women in their 20s, and it affects on average 1% of women overall.
Early Menopause or POF | What is the cause?
- autoimmune disease, including celiac disease and autoimmune thyroid disease
- radiation or chemotherapy for cancer
- pelvic surgery
- genetic disorders such as turner’s syndrome or fragile x syndrome
Early Menopause Symptoms include
- high FSH
- low estrogen/ low estradiol
- amenorrhea or missing menstrual periods
- hot flashes
- night sweats
- vaginal dryness
- osteopoenia or a reduction in bone density
Am I really in menopause?
Early menopause or premature ovarian failure must be differentiated from a condition which looks very similar, premature ovarian aging(POA). Women with premature ovarian ageing have a better chance of achieving pregnancy with treatment. As premature ovarian aging patients also have high FSH, and loss of regular menstrual periods, it can be difficult to distinguish between these two disorders without the proper testing. As a diagnosis of POF is a highly emotional and stressful event, it is crucial to determine which of these disorders is actually present.
Variants of POF
In some cases of POF, autoimmune disease may attack the more developed follicles and may leave the smaller undeveloped primordial follicles untouched. In these cases, there may be ways to lower the autoimmune process and improve the condition. In other cases of POF, FSH may bind to the follicles in an attempt to cause them to mature, but the FSH produced by the pituitary gland may be inactive. In this case as well, there is an opportunity to treat the condition by working to lower FSH and then stimulating the maturation of the primordial follicles. In POF it is extremely important to do a serum Antimullerian Hormone(AMH) which can help to determine the status of the primordial follicles remaining in the ovary.
According to research, naturopathic medicine may be helpful for premature ovarian failure. Certain combinations of supplements for POF , POA or early menopause may improve symptoms or chances of conceiving, including androgens such as DHEA, and mitochondrial antioxidant therapies.
There are increased risks for specific conditions in women who are suffering from early menopause or POF which are:
- cardiovascular disease
- symptoms of estrogen and testosterone deficiency including hot flashes, loss of libido, vaginal dryness, and mood changes
Many of these can be managed with naturopathic preventative treatment including either hormonal therapies and/or supplements and nutrition.
|
“To create is to resist. To resist is to create.”
Stéphane Hessel (1917-2013)
I learned this morning of the passing of Stéphane Hessel, World War II French Resistance fighter who authored Indignez-Vous! (Time for Outrage!), a manifesto to outraged, to act in face of often overwhelming injustices.
Hessel was interviewed by Democracy Now! (aired October 10, 2011) on Time for Outrage! and Occupy Wall Street:
Hessel, like other public intellectuals of his generation, gave voice to a sense of hope rooted in the horrific experiences of war and its aftermath. His writing, as well as the trajectory of his life embodied a sense of urgency to action in light of global crisis, be it war, attacks on human rights, man-made ecological disaster.
The standard by which we judge what is social responsibility is lowering. Social services, such as Medicare and social security benefits, should not be framed as “entitlements.” As Hessel so eloquently states, we all do better when we chose as societies to protect the rights of minorities, provide basic social and health services for everyone, when we think about economic development in terms of long-term environmental sustainability. Continue reading
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- The definition of a ladder is something made of two parallel side pieces with evenly spaced cross bars used for climbing, or a rising increase in levels.
- An example of a ladder is what someone would use to climb to the ground from a fire escape on the second floor.
- An example of a ladder is a person starting in an entry level position and climbing their way up to an executive position.
An orange ladder.
- a framework consisting of two parallel sidepieces connected by a series of rungs or crosspieces on which a person steps in climbing up or down
- Naut. any staircase or vertical set of steps
- anything by means of which a person climbs or rises
- a rising series of steps, stages, or levels: the ladder of success
- Chiefly Brit. a run as in a stocking
Origin of ladderMiddle English ; from Old English hlæder, akin to German leiter ; from Indo-European base an unverified form lei-, to incline, lean
- a. An often portable structure consisting of two long sides crossed by parallel rungs, used to climb up and down.b. Something that resembles this device, especially a run in a stocking.
- a. A means of moving higher or lower, as in a hierarchy: used his accomplishments as a ladder to success.b. A series of ranked stages or levels: high on the executive ladder.
- A fish ladder.
- Sports a. An athletic workout in which one does progressively longer intervals followed by progressively shorter intervals.b. One of the intervals in such a workout.
intransitive verblad·dered, lad·der·ing, lad·ders
Origin of ladderMiddle English, from Old English hl&aemac;der; see klei- in Indo-European roots.
- A frame, usually portable, of wood, metal, or rope, used for ascent and descent, consisting of two side pieces to which are fastened rungs: cross strips or rounds acting as steps.
- (figuratively) The hierarchy or ranking system within an organization, e.g. the corporate ladder.
- (chiefly UK) A length of unravelled fabric in a knitted garment, especially in nylon stockings; a run.
- In the game of go, a sequence of moves following a zigzag pattern and ultimately leading to the capture of the attacked stones.
- For stockings touted as resistant to ladders, the phrase “ladder resist” is used in the UK. The American equivalent is “run resistant”.
(third-person singular simple present ladders, present participle laddering, simple past and past participle laddered)
- (firefighting) To ascend a building or wall using a ladder.
- (of a knitted garment) To develop a ladder as a result of a broken thread.
Old English hlǣder, from Proto-Germanic *hlaidriz (compare West Frisian ljedder, Dutch leer, German Leiter), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱleytro (compare Old Irish clithar 'hedge', Umbrian [script?] (kletram) 'stretcher'), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱley- (“to lean”). More at lean, related to lid.
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राष्ट्रपति रुवेन रिवलिन ने श्रीलंका हमले को घृणित अपराध करार देते हुए कहा, हम सभी एक ही ईश्वर के बच्चे हैं। एक धर्म पर हमले का मतलब हम सभी पर प्रहार है। भारत समेत दुनिया के कई देशों ने श्रीलंका हमले की कड़ी निंदा की है। यूरोपीय संसद के अध्यक्ष एंटोनियो तजानी ने कहा है कि इन हमलों में ईसाई समुदाय को निशाना बनाया गया है जो वास्तव में इस समुदाय के खिलाफ सुनियोजित नरसंहार है। उल्लेखनीय है कि श्रीलंका की राजधानी कोलंबो, नेगोम्बो और बट्टिकलोआ में रविवार को ईस्टर के अवसर पर तीन कैथोलिक चर्चो और तीन पांच सितारा होटलों को निशाना बनाकर किए गए बम धमाकों में कम से कम २०७ लोगों की मौत हो गयी तथा ४५० से अधिक लोग घायल हो गए।
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# Hi, I’m Arely
I am a Web Developer for Powderkeg, based in Madison Wisconsin. I graduated with a Bachelor’s in Computational Mathematics with Computer Science at the University of New Mexico. Tech and Sofware has always been my passion. I built this site to post coding challenges that I have solutions to - these are very useful to help you prepare for developer interviews, whether you want to be a Web Developer or Software Engineer. Reach out to me if you have any questions or a fun challenge for me. Enjoy!
## Current Coding Challenge
There are many different ways to solve these problems. This is just my code that I time myself to complete within an hour. If you have better solutions, feel free to email me and I’ll mention you and your code in the problem!
There exists a staircase with N steps, and you can climb up either 1 or 2 steps at a time. Given N, write a function that returns the number of unique ways you can climb the staircase. The order of the steps matters.
or example, if N is 4, then there are 5 unique ways:
• 1, 1, 1, 1
• 2, 1, 1
• 1, 2, 1
• 1, 1, 2
• 2, 2
What if, instead of being able to climb 1 or 2 steps at a time, you could climb any number from a set of positive integers X? For example, if X = {1, 3, 5}, you could climb 1, 3, or 5 steps at a time.
Let f(n) be the number of different ways to climb n stairs. How can we reach the nth stair?
1. Bet at the (n-2) stair, then climb 2 steps
2. Bet at the (n-1) stair, then climb 1 step
• For (1), number of ways to reach the the (n-2) stair is f(n-2)
• For (2), number of ways to reach the the (n-1) stair is f(n-1)
f(n) = f(n-1) + f(n-2) + …. We can use this Fibonacci sequence to help up find the number of ways it would take to reach the Nth step given a set of rules.
#### View Solution:
``````def staircase(n, X):
S = [0 for _ in range(n + 1)]
S[0] = 1
for i in range(n + 1):
S[i] += sum(S[i - x] for x in X if i - x > 0)
S[i] += 1 if i in X else 0
return S[-1]
steps = 4
rules = {1,2}
rules2 = {1,3,5}
print(staircase(steps,rules))
print(staircase(steps,rules2))
``````
Output:
``````5
3
``````
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Northern Illinois University’s site Lincoln/Net offers scholarly interpretation of Lincoln with a focus on both biographical information about Lincoln and historical themes relevant to his endeavors. The format of these items includes texts, images, sound clips and videos. Lincoln/Net also provides classroom help for teachers in the Teacher’s Parlor. This section of the website lays out lesson plans focused on engaging students through the use of primary documents as well as scholarly video and audio interviews. Lincoln/Net would be a great resource for any teacher to consider incorporating into their classroom repertoire.
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# FROM THE GENERAL TERM FIND THE SUM OF SERIES
In this section, you will learn how to find the sum of the series and its general term, if its sum to n terms is given.
Example :
If the sum of the first n terms of an AP is 4n - n2 what is the first term (that is S)? what is the sum of first two terms ? what is the second term ? similarly find the 3rd, the 10th and the nth terms.
Solution :
Given that :
Sn = 4 n - n2
By applying n = 1, we get the first term. By applying n = 2, we get the sum of first two terms.
n = 1S1 = 4(1) - 12 = 4 - 1S1 = 3 n = 2S2 = 4(2) - 22 = 8 - 4S2 = 4
First term (a) = 3,
Sum of first two term S2 = a + a + d = 4
2a + d = 4
By applying the value of a, we get
2(3) + d = 4
d = 4 - 6
d = -2
By using the values of a and d, let us find the 3rd, the 10th and the nth terms.
a = 3 and d = -2
an = a + (n - 1) d
a3 = a + 2d = 3 + 2(-2) = 3 - 4a3 = -1 a10 = a + 9d = 3 + 9(-2) = 3 - 18a3 = -15
nth term :
an = a + (n - 1) d
an = 3 + (n - 1) (-2)
an = 3 - 2n + 2
an = 5 - 2n
Apart from the stuff given in this section, if you need any other stuff in math, please use our google custom search here.
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You can also visit the following web pages on different stuff in math.
WORD PROBLEMS
Word problems on simple equations
Word problems on linear equations
Word problems on quadratic equations
Algebra word problems
Word problems on trains
Area and perimeter word problems
Word problems on direct variation and inverse variation
Word problems on unit price
Word problems on unit rate
Word problems on comparing rates
Converting customary units word problems
Converting metric units word problems
Word problems on simple interest
Word problems on compound interest
Word problems on types of angles
Complementary and supplementary angles word problems
Double facts word problems
Trigonometry word problems
Percentage word problems
Profit and loss word problems
Markup and markdown word problems
Decimal word problems
Word problems on fractions
Word problems on mixed fractrions
One step equation word problems
Linear inequalities word problems
Ratio and proportion word problems
Time and work word problems
Word problems on sets and venn diagrams
Word problems on ages
Pythagorean theorem word problems
Percent of a number word problems
Word problems on constant speed
Word problems on average speed
Word problems on sum of the angles of a triangle is 180 degree
OTHER TOPICS
Profit and loss shortcuts
Percentage shortcuts
Times table shortcuts
Time, speed and distance shortcuts
Ratio and proportion shortcuts
Domain and range of rational functions
Domain and range of rational functions with holes
Graphing rational functions
Graphing rational functions with holes
Converting repeating decimals in to fractions
Decimal representation of rational numbers
Finding square root using long division
L.C.M method to solve time and work problems
Translating the word problems in to algebraic expressions
Remainder when 2 power 256 is divided by 17
Remainder when 17 power 23 is divided by 16
Sum of all three digit numbers divisible by 6
Sum of all three digit numbers divisible by 7
Sum of all three digit numbers divisible by 8
Sum of all three digit numbers formed using 1, 3, 4
Sum of all three four digit numbers formed with non zero digits
Sum of all three four digit numbers formed using 0, 1, 2, 3
Sum of all three four digit numbers formed using 1, 2, 5, 6
|
Important Water Safety Tips for the Upcoming Holiday Weekend
Water Safety for the Whole Family this Labor Day Weekend
By Mimi Conner
With Labor Day coming up this weekend, several will be drawn to water whether it is a cool dip to cool off or just to sit around a pool, lake or river and enjoy the day. Water safety is an important consideration, especially when children are involved. This summer the Consumer Product Safety Commission has reported that nearly 100 children under the age of 15 have drowned in swimming pools. This does not count the number of adults and children in other bodies of water, lakes, rivers and oceans. Children under the age of 5 had the highest percentage and required 911 calls for near-drowning incidents.
To keep your family safe around water, follow these simple water-safety guidelines:
Swimming pools and spas
The first place to look when a child goes missing is anywhere where there might be water — swimming pools and spas — check the neighbors’ backyard too. Having multiple layers of protection can help ensure water safety and prevent drowning in a home pool or spa. If you have a pool or hot tub, follow all local safety ordinances.
Also consider these general water-safety tips:
- Fence it in. Surround your pool with a fence that’s at least 4 feet tall. Make sure kids can’t squeeze through and avoid chain-link fences which can be easy for kids to climb. Be sure to install self-closing latches and gates. You might also consider installing a second fence around the pool.
- Install alarms on doors leading to the pool area or underwater pool alarms that sound when something hits the water. Make sure you can hear the alarm inside the house.
- Block pool, spa and hot tub access when they are not in use with rigid covers; don’t allow water to collect on top of the cover.
- Empty inflatable pools after each use.
- Remove ladders or steps to above ground pools when not in use.
- Children should know how to swim. Most children can learn to swim between the ages of 3- 5, but know that swimming lessons won’t necessarily prevent a child from drowning.
- All children need to be taught the rules before getting into the pool: Never ever swim alone, don’t go near the water or in the water without permission, never allow swimming when an adult is not available — never on a babysitter’s watch. Post signs around the pool; make a sign that your child will see and understand (laminate and post it where they see it before getting to the pool entrance). Know the rules, teach the rules and follow the rules.
- Remove toys. Don’t leave pool toys in the water. A child may fall into the water while trying to retrieve a toy. Anything floating in the water is an invitation drawing children towards the water — an accident waiting to happen. An empty pool is a safer pool. Ask the children to help put all toys and equipment away.
- Keep your eyes on your children. Be the Water Watcher.
- Never leave children unsupervised near a pool, spa or hot tub. During social gatherings, adults who know how to swim can take turns being the “Designated Watcher.” Don’t rely on air-filled or foam toys, such as water wings, noodles or inner tubes, to keep children safe. This becomes a false sense of security. Practice the Water Watcher Program: a designated Water Watcher takes 15-20 minute shifts of being at the water watching the swimmers. This adult must know how to swim, be alcohol free, never leave the area without a replacement, should know CPR and be watchful. Get a Water Watcher Tag here.
- Beware of drains. Don’t allow children to play near or sit on pool or hot tub drains. Body parts and hair may become entrapped by the strong suction. Use drain covers, and consider installing multiple drains to reduce the suction.
- Keep emergency equipment handy. Store a safety ring with a rope and/or a long pole beside the pool.
- “Reach or Throw, Don’t Go.” Tell the struggling swimmer to grab on and pull to safety. Do not go into the water unless a swimmer is submerged to the bottom or cannot grasp the safety equipment. Make sure you always have a phone in the pool area with a safety card that shows 911 emergency numbers in BOLD and the physical address.
Natural bodies of water
Swimming conditions can be unpredictable in lakes, rivers and oceans. Water depth can change rapidly, as can water temperature, currents and the weather. Murky water may conceal hazards.
Follow these water-safety tips:
- Don’t swim alone. Never allow children to swim alone or without adult supervision. Use the Water Watcher Method.
- Wear a life jacket-Coast Guard Approved and bright-colored. Children must wear personal flotation devices whenever riding in a boat or fishing. An air-filled swimming aid isn’t a substitute for a life jacket. All non-swimmers and those that are not comfortable in the water shouldhave a life jacket on. There should be enough life jackets on the boat for everybody on the boat.
- All kids should wear an approved personal flotation device (PFD) when riding watercraft. When in a boat, kids should wear an approved life jacket. (Having life jackets in the bottom of the boat won’t keep your kid afloat if he falls in!) It’s also a good idea to have small children wear life jackets when fishing or spending time at the edge of a lake, river or ocean.
- Put the Life Jacket on before you get in the boat or go on the dock.
- Feet first. The first descent into any body of water should be a jump — feet first. Before the jump, check water depth and temperature and look for underwater hazards. “Look Before You Leap-Know Before You Go.” Determine if the area is safe to swim in.
- Stay in designated swimming areas. At public beaches, swim only in areas set aside for swimming. Don’t allow children to swim in drainage ditches or other water-filled areas not intended for swimming.
Toilets, Bathtubs and Buckets
The water in common household items can be dangerous for young children. A baby can drown in just 1 inch (2.5 centimeters) of water. A curious toddler can fall into a toilet, bucket or fish tank.
Taking these precautions can help:
- Keep the bathroom door closed.
- Install a safety latch or doorknob cover on the outside of the door.
- Supervise bath time. Never leave a child alone in the bathtub or in the care of another child. Drain water from the tub immediately after use.
- Shut toilet lids. Install childproof locks on toilet lids.
- Store buckets safely. Empty buckets and other containers immediately after use. Don’t leave them outside, where they may accumulate water.
Even when diligent about water safety, accidents are still possible. Prepare for an emergency by learning cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Knowing what to do, how to do it and when to do it saves lives.
Nearly 100 children under 15 have drowned in swimming pools this summer, according to the Consumer Product Safety Commission. The agency tracks drowning between Memorial Day and Labor Day as part of the Pool Safely: Simple Steps Save Lives campaign. Statistics indicate that 72 percent of the reported drownings were children younger than 5 years old, and according to media reports, an additional 106 children of that age required emergency response for near-drowning incidents. On a state level, Texas had the highest number of drownings (13). California, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, and Pennsylvania each reported five drownings.
Sources: Mayo Clinic, Consumer Product Safety Commission, American Red Cross
Miss Mimi Conner founded, developed, managed and trained staff for Medical Center of Plano Aquatics Program. After the program’s closure 10 years later, she opened Aqua~Fit Swim and Wellness Center in January 2008. She felt there was a need in the Plano community for a comprehensive swim and wellness center for age types, with an emphasis on the family modality. Miss Mimi has over 21+ years of swimming, aquatics and instructor experience to her credit. She has a reputation of providing caring, compassionate and stellar skills in reaching and touching students lives with positive reinforcement. Parents often comment that since their children have been taking classes with Miss Mimi, they have witnessed their children “come out of their shell.”
|
# This file is part of the Frescobaldi project, http://www.frescobaldi.org/
#
# Copyright (c) 2008 - 2014 by Wilbert Berendsen
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
# modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
# as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
# of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
# See http://www.gnu.org/licenses/ for more information.
"""
Computes and caches various information about files.
"""
from __future__ import unicode_literals
import itertools
import re
import os
import atexit
import ly.document
import lydocinfo
import ly.lex
import filecache
import util
import variables
_document_cache = filecache.FileCache()
_suffix_chars_re = re.compile(r'[^-\w]', re.UNICODE)
### XXX otherwise I get a segfault on shutdown when very large music trees
### are made (and every node references the document).
### (The segfault is preceded by a "corrupted double-linked list" message.)
atexit.register(_document_cache.clear)
class _CachedDocument(object):
"""Contains a document and related items."""
filename = None
document = None
variables = None
docinfo = None
music = None
def _cached(filename):
"""Return a _CachedDocument instance for the filename, else creates one."""
filename = os.path.realpath(filename)
try:
c = _document_cache[filename]
except KeyError:
with open(filename, 'rb') as f:
text = util.decode(f.read())
c = _document_cache[filename] = _CachedDocument()
c.variables = v = variables.variables(text)
c.document = ly.document.Document(text, v.get("mode"))
c.filename = c.document.filename = filename
return c
def document(filename):
"""Return a (cached) ly.document.Document for the filename."""
return _cached(filename).document
def docinfo(filename):
"""Return a (cached) LyDocInfo instance for the specified file."""
c = _cached(filename)
if c.docinfo is None:
c.docinfo = lydocinfo.DocInfo(c.document, c.variables)
return c.docinfo
def music(filename):
"""Return a (cached) music.Document instance for the specified file."""
c = _cached(filename)
if c.music is None:
import music
c.music = music.Document(c.document)
return c.music
def textmode(text, guess=True):
"""Returns the type of the given text ('lilypond, 'html', etc.).
Checks the mode variable and guesses otherwise if guess is True.
"""
mode = variables.variables(text).get("mode")
if mode in ly.lex.modes:
return mode
if guess:
return ly.lex.guessMode(text)
def includefiles(dinfo, include_path=()):
"""Returns a set of filenames that are included by the DocInfo's document.
The specified include path is used to find files. The own filename
is NOT added to the set. Included files are checked recursively,
relative to our file, relative to the including file, and if that
still yields no file, relative to the directories in the include_path.
If the document has no local filename, only the include_path is
searched for files.
"""
filename = dinfo.document.filename
basedir = os.path.dirname(filename) if filename else None
files = set()
def tryarg(directory, arg):
path = os.path.realpath(os.path.join(directory, arg))
if path not in files and os.path.isfile(path):
files.add(path)
args = docinfo(path).include_args()
find(args, os.path.dirname(path))
return True
def find(incl_args, directory):
for arg in incl_args:
# new, recursive, relative include
if not (directory and tryarg(directory, arg)):
# old include (relative to master file)
if not (basedir and tryarg(basedir, arg)):
# if path is given, also search there:
for p in include_path:
if tryarg(p, arg):
break
find(dinfo.include_args(), basedir)
return files
def basenames(dinfo, includefiles=(), filename=None, replace_suffix=True):
"""Returns the list of basenames a document is expected to create.
The list is created based on includefiles and the define output-suffix and
\bookOutputName and \bookOutputSuffix commands.
You should add '.ext' and/or '-[0-9]+.ext' to find created files.
If filename is given, it is regarded as the filename LilyPond is run on.
Otherwise, the filename of the info's document is read.
If replace_suffix is True (the default), special characters and spaces
in the suffix are replaced with underscores (in the same way as LilyPond
does it), using the replace_suffix_chars() function.
"""
basenames = []
basepath = os.path.splitext(filename or dinfo.document.filename)[0]
dirname, basename = os.path.split(basepath)
if basepath:
basenames.append(basepath)
def args():
yield dinfo.output_args()
for filename in includefiles:
yield docinfo(filename).output_args()
for type, arg in itertools.chain.from_iterable(args()):
if type == "suffix":
if replace_suffix:
# LilyPond (lily-library.scm:223) does this, too
arg = replace_suffix_chars(arg)
arg = basename + '-' + arg
path = os.path.normpath(os.path.join(dirname, arg))
if path not in basenames:
basenames.append(path)
return basenames
def replace_suffix_chars(s):
"""Replace spaces and most non-alphanumeric characters with underscores.
This is used to mimic the behaviour of LilyPond, which also does this,
for the output-suffix. (See scm/lily-library.scm:223.)
"""
return _suffix_chars_re.sub('_', s)
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As Thanksgiving break comes to a close, it's time to start thinking about classes for next semester. Shopping for classes can be stressful, especially when there are so many interesting ones that don't meet at 9 a.m. I've taken the liberty of doing some of the hard work for you guys and picking some courses across many different fields that I think are worth considering.
1. CPSC 324 - Why isn't the WiFi working? Your grandparents were right; this is what computer science is actually all about. In this course, students will solve problems in the domain of canonical router theory, featuring case studies from Cisco Systems. For a final project, students will solve a real-world WiFi problem on campus.
2. PHIL 291b - Pondering. What does it mean to ponder? What does it mean to think about pondering? Can one ponder about pondering? Can one teach a whole course on pondering? What does it mean to teach a course? Readings include Locke, Descartes, Plato. Coursework includes weekly ponderings and final paper.
3. PHYS 103 / HUMS 103 - The Physics of Majoring in the Humanities. Exploration of concepts from classical mechanics with a focus on applications to majoring in the humanities. Topics include Newton's Laws of Motion as they pertain to works of useless literature, conservation of energy in the context of doing historical analysis, and angular momentum in the domain of flipping burgers. Final paper prompt: "Why we are all just boxes with arrows coming out of them."
4. THST 107 - Speaking Coherently for Engineering Majors. Public speaking theater practicum seminar designed for engineering majors. Topics include: speaking slowly, not mumbling, eye contact, "you're still mumbling, Jason," not looking like you'd rather be doing anything else than talking right now, personal hygiene, and Shakespeare. Counts as credit toward whatever distributional requirement you poor engineering folks still need.
5. MATH 7n2ζ - Introduction to Discrete Eulerian Quasi-Compact Manifold Theory. A Discrete Eulerian Quasi-Compact Manifold is a three-tuple consisting of a monad, a topological space, and an n-ary operation. They have some neat properties and you can prove stuff about them. Counts as credit toward majors in Mathematics and Ancient Greek.
6. MUSI 279 / SOCY 379 - The Music of Fetty Wap. Exploration of the musical, lyrical, and sociological significance of Wap's music in a broader cultural context. Weekly readings and listenings.
7. ENGL 194 / PLSC 194 / HIST 194 / BIOL 194 / EENG 194 / LING 194 - Interdisciplinary Approaches to Everything. Everything is connected. Separating out academics into different fields prohibits a true understanding of the world. In this course, we will examine everything through all disciplines and demonstrate that complex concepts in any field can be eloquently explained at a cocktail party with only the most rudimentary understanding of that particular field.
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# Models of Hyperbolic Plane
The primary goal of these notes is to record the relationship between the three models of hyperbolic space given by
1. The hyperboloid model
2. The Poincaré model
3. The Klein model
Most of these information is easily found elsewhere, but so this is mostly just some notes that make it easy for myself to find.
## Hyperboloid model
As someone who frequently works in pseudo-Riemannian geometry, the most familiar model of hyperbolic space $\mathbb{H}^d$ for me is as the hyperquadraic $\{ t^2 - |x|^2 = 1, t > 0\}$ in Minkowski space $\mathbb{R}^{1,d}$, with the induced metric from the Minkowski metric.
This model can be parametrized in several different ways.
### Polar coordinates
First note that the hyperboloid passes through the point $(1,0)$ in Minkowski space. Let $o$ denote this point, and let $\rho$ denote the geodesic distance from $o$. And let $\omega\in \mathbb{S}^{d-1}$. We can parametrize $\mathbb{H} \setminus \{o\}$ using $\mathbb{R}_+ \times \mathbb{S}^{d-1}$ as the usual polar coordinates.
The mapping is given by (with $t,x$ the coordinates on $\mathbb{R}^{1,d}$): \begin{align} t &= \cosh\rho \newline x & = \sinh \rho \cdot \omega \end{align} The induced metric takes the form $$ds^2 = d\rho^2 + \sinh(\rho)^2 d\omega^2$$
### Cartesian coordinates
Notice that $\mathbb{H}$ can also be parametrized by $\mathbb{R}^d$, using that it is a graph over $\{0\} \times\mathbb{R}^d$ in Minkowski space.
The mapping is $x \mapsto (\sqrt{1 + |x|^2}, x)$, and the induced metric is $$ds^2 = \sum_{i = 1}^d dx^i \otimes dx^i - \sum_{i,j = 1}^d \frac{x^i x^j}{1 + |x|^2} dx^i \otimes dx^j$$
### Geodesics
A well known theorem in pseudo Riemannian geometry states that the geodesics on a hyperquadric is in one-to-one correspondance to two dimensional planes through the origin in $\mathbb{R}^{m,n}$. In the case of the hyperboloid, every geodesic on $\mathbb{H}$ is given as the intersection of $\mathbb{H}$ with a time-like plane through the origin of $\mathbb{R}^{1,d}$.
## Klein model
The Klein model parametrizes hyperbolic space using the unit disc. Given a point $p$ on the hyperboloid $\mathbb{H}$, the line connecting $p$ to the origin of $\mathbb{R}^{1,d}$ intersects the plane $\{t = 1\}$ exactly once. The mapping is given by $$(t,x) \mapsto \frac{x}{t} \in B(0,1).$$ The inverse mapping can be found by solving $t^2 - x^2 = 1$ with $x / t = y$. This gives \begin{align} t &= \frac{1}{\sqrt{1-y^2}} \newline
x &= \frac{y}{\sqrt{1 - y^2}} \end{align} The induced metric is therefore $$ds^2 = \sum_{i = 1}^d \frac{dy^i \otimes dy^i}{1- y^2} + \sum_{i,j = 1}^d \frac{y^i y^j }{(1-y^2 )^2} dy^i \otimes dy^j.$$
The geodesics of the Klein model are straight lines: this can be seen by the characterization of the geodesics given above.
## Poincaré model
The Poincaré model is a different projection. Given a point $p$ on $\mathbb{H}$, we look for the line segment connecting $p$ to the point $(-1,0)$ in $\mathbb{R}^{1,d}$. This line segment intersects the $\{t = 0\}$ hyperplane exactly once within the unit ball.
The formula can be more easily by regarding $\mathbb{H}$ as the translated hyperbolid $(s-1)^2 - |x|^2 = 1$, and this translation means the mapping is to the plane $\{s = 1\}$. Therefore, a point $(t,x)$ in $\mathbb{H}$ gets mapped to $x / (t+1)$ in the unit ball.
The reverse mapping is found by solving $t^2 - x^2 = 1$ and $x / (t+1) = y$. We find then $t^2 - (t+1)^2 y^2 = 1 \implies (1-y^2) t^2 - 2y^2 t - (1 + y^2) = 0$ or \begin{align} t &= \frac{1 + y^2}{1- y^2} \newline x &= \frac{2y}{1 - y^2} \end{align} This gives that the metric is given by $$ds^2 = \frac{4 dy^i \otimes dy^i}{(1 -y^2 )^2}$$
## Horospheres
Of special importance in the Poincaré model is the horocycles: these are spheres contained within the unit ball tangent to the boundary. In other words, given $y_0 \in B(0,1)$, these are the points $\{ |y - y_0|^2 = (1 - |y_0|)^2 \}.$ The horospheres are important because the geodesics orthogonal to them "focus at infinity".
The change of variables given above means that in the hyperboloid model the horospheres are given by $|x|^2 - 2 y_0 \cdot x (t+1) = (1- 2|y_0|)(1+t)^2$ However, we also have that $|x|^2 = t^2 - 1$. So we can reduce the equation to $t - 1 - 2 y_0 \cdot x + ( 2 |y_0|- 1)(t + 1) = 0$ which we can rewrite as $|y_0| t - y_0 \cdot x = 1 - |y_0|$ which is the equation for a null hyperplane. In other words, the horospheres in $\mathbb{H}$ are precisely the intersection of a null ($d$-dimensional) hyperplane with the hyperboloid.
The "focus at infinity" property of the orthogonal geodesics are actually pretty easy to prove in the hyperboloidal model. Let $\Pi$ be a null hyperplane, its (Lorentzian) unit normal we write as $n$. (Note that $n$ is therefore also tangent to $\Pi$. Let $p\in \Pi \cap \mathbb{H}$, and so is a unit time-like vector in $\mathbb{R}^{1,d}$. Denote by $P$ the plane spanned by $\{p,n\}$. I claim the unique vector that is tangent to both $P$ and $\mathbb{H}$ (hence the generator of the geodesic associated to $P$) is orthogonal to $\mathsf{T}\Pi \cap \mathsf{T}\mathbb{H}$. Observe that the vector in question must be a linear combination of $p$ and $n$. Now, by construction $p$ is orthogonal to any element of $\mathsf{T}\mathbb{H}$. And as discussed earlier $n$ is orthogonal to any element of $\mathsf{T}\Pi$. Therefore their linear combination must be orthogonal to any element of the intersection. Therefore geodesics orthogonal to $\Pi\cap \mathbb{H}$ in $\mathbb{H}$ are precisely those geodesics whose tangent vector asymptotically converge to $n$ (regarded as a curve in $\mathbb{R}^{1,d}$).
Within the set $\{ t > |x| \}$, we can define the coordinate system $(\tau,\rho, \omega)$ using the transformation $t = \tau \cosh(\rho), \qquad x = \tau \sinh(\rho) \omega$ $\mathbb{H}$ corresponds to the set $\{ \tau = 1\}$. Minkowski space can be (locally) described as a warped metric in this coordinate system, with metric given as $ds^2 = - d\tau^2 + \tau^2 (d\rho^2 + \sinh(\rho)^2 d\omega^2).$ Therefore the wave operator $\Box = -\partial_t^2 + \sum \partial_{x^i }^2$ can be decomposed in this coordinate system as $\Box = - \partial_{\tau}^2 - \frac{d}{\tau} \partial_{\tau} + \frac{1}{\tau^2} \triangle_{\mathbb{H}}.$ The partial differentiation by $\partial_{\tau}$ is the action by the vector field $\partial_{\tau} = \frac{t}{\tau} \partial_t + \frac{x}{\tau} \partial_x .$ Now, let $n$ be a past-directed null vector in $\mathbb{R}^{1,d}$. The function $\eta_n: (t,x) \mapsto \langle (t,x), n\rangle$ has its level sets the null hyperplanes, and easily one sees $\Box f(\eta_n) = 0$ for any $f:\mathbb{R}\to \mathbb{C}$.
On the other hand, since $\eta_n$ is a linear function, we have that $\partial_{\tau} \eta_n = \frac{1}{\tau} \eta_n$. And hence $\partial_{\tau}^2 \eta_n = 0$. This therefore implies $$\triangle_{\mathbb{H}} f(\eta_n) = \tau^2 \Box f(\eta_n) + f''(\eta_n) \eta_n^2 + f'(\eta_n) d \eta_n$$ In particular, we see that if $$f_z(x) = x^z$$ for any $z\in \mathbb{C}$ (note that by construction $\eta_n$ is the inner product of a future pointing unit time-like vector against a pass-directed null vector and so is always positive), immediately we have $$\triangle_{\mathbb{H}} f_z(\eta_n) = z(z+ d-1)$$ and so these functions are formally eigenfunctions of the Laplacian on the hyperboloid.
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मुस्कुराहट एक चिकित्सक से करुणा या सहानुभूति को दूर करने का एक तरीका है।
जब क्लाइंट उचित प्रभावित किए बिना कुछ दुखद का खुलासा करता है, तो चिकित्सक के लिए मजबूत संदेश "मेरी दर्द को गंभीरता से न लें।" यह दयालु प्रतिक्रियाओं को दूर करने के लिए एक सचेत या बेहोश प्रयास हो सकता है जो अपरिचित और असुविधाजनक महसूस करते हैं। यह विशेष रूप से बचने वालों के लिए सच है, जो बचपन में सहानुभूति और आराम से वंचित थे। तरह के शब्दों को "दया" के रूप में गलत समझा जा सकता है, संदेह पैदा कर सकता है और सवाल चिकित्सक के गहन उद्देश्यों में कॉल कर सकता है या क्लाइंट को बहुत कमजोर महसूस कर सकता है।
कुछ जीवित लोग हँसी का उपयोग अपने अनुभवों की गहन अन्वेषण से दूर करने के लिए करते हैं क्योंकि वे उस फ़ोकस के योग्य महसूस नहीं करते हैं। हँसते हुए या मुस्कुराहट यह कहने का एक तरीका है, "चलो आगे बढ़ें और किसी और चीज़ के बारे में बात करें।" बहुत से बचे लोगों में विश्वास करने के लिए पर्याप्त अहंकार-शक्ति या आत्मसम्मान नहीं होता है कि वे मार्गदर्शन, ध्यान और सत्यापन के लिए योग्यता रखते हैं।
मेरे अनुभव में, जब चिकित्सक ग्राहकों को अपने बयान के साथ सिंक्रनाइज़ किए जाने वाले भावनात्मक अभिव्यक्तियों को नोटिस करने के लिए आमंत्रित करते हैं, तो यह क्लाइंट को वास्तविक दुःख, क्रोध और किसी अन्य वैध भावना से पुन: कनेक्ट करने का अवसर पैदा करता है जो कि आघात का उदाहरण है।
उन ग्राहकों के साथ काम करने में आपको क्या पता चला है, जब वे अपने आघात से मुस्कुराते हैं?
इस श्रृंखला के भाग १ को पढ़ने के लिए, यहां क्लिक करें।
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Fake imagery of a world upside down 2009 (Ultrachrome colour jet ink print, 36.8” x 60”) Courtesy of the artist and Jack Shainman Gallery, NYC.
Pascal Grandmaison was born in 1975 and lives and works in Montreal, Canada. Working in photography, film, projection and installation, Grandmaison presents images that contemplate the limits of perception.
Fake Imagery of a World Upside Down (2009) is one of several works by Grandmaison which have stemmed from his fascination with the book Moon Rocks (Henry S.F. Cooper, 1970); an account of how specimens taken from the moon’s surface are gathered, stored and analysed. For Grandmaison, the moon represents both the natural and the paranormal: the tangible rock being the scientific actuality of its existence whereas its supernatural associations suggest a surreal universe with different laws of gravity. Employing apparently simple strategies of photo-trickery, Grandmaison presents a figure tumbling through an inverted landscape towards an upended sky. A further flip of light and darkness creates a negative, spectral space – an area of limbo through which the figure falls. Grandmaison’s ‘fakery’ explores our perception and acceptance of the invisible forces of nature, and the relationship between the world and the photographic image.
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- The Digital Enterprise Opportunity
- Manufacturers and Devices
- Smart Cases
- Google and Android
- Apps and Services
- Cloud, Infrastructure and DevOps
- Big Data
- Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
- Software Development
- Wearables and the Internet of Things
- Hiring and Work
- Society and Culture
- Share this:
The Digital Enterprise Opportunity
Aaron Levie CEO of box.com published this essential TechCrunch posting on what he terms the “trillion dollar Enterprise Software opportunity“:
Outside of the tech industry, an unmistakable trend is sweeping the business world. … Companies in industries as far ranging as transportation, pharmaceuticals and manufacturing are facing the pressures of digital disruption. As we move irreversibly into an economy defined by new competitive parameters, incumbents saddled with legacy cultures, business processes, and technology are stuck in the past. Others, like GE, Ford, Walmart and Deloitte, have realized that there’s no way to compete in the future if they don’t adapt now.
Levie echoes the thoughts of many astute business observers by suggesting that almost every industry vertical is being disrupted by digitisation and many jobs are becoming software-enabled. Businesses urgently need to understand and leverage advances in technology if they are to thrive and remain competitive as recently highlighted in this blog and underlined by Levie thus:
The age of analog is over, and this puts many businesses in the unavoidable position of having to redefine the very products they’ve built their companies around (and the business models that go along with them). … Competitive use of technology will determine the winners and losers of every legacy sector.
He points out that the opportunity lies in the startups that will reshape the Enterprise IT landscape of the future with SMAC- based (Social, Mobile, Analytics, Cloud) propositions. Furthermore they will do it not just with superior technology but through business model innovation by routing around corporate IT budget blockers:
There is a massive opportunity for startups to define a new era of work, and it’s not just the products and platforms they build that will look completely different, but in some cases, their business models as well. Zenefits is one of the fastest growing SaaS businesses of all time, and it’s achieved this without taking budget from the IT department, but instead finding a completely separate revenue source from insurance brokerage fees. And as more business models emerge, enterprise software spend won’t be constrained by IT budgets on its path to a trillion dollars.
Manufacturers and Devices
- John Lewis have started selling unlocked smartphones online. Eventually they will also stock them in their stores and offer Vodafone contracts:
A curated selection of top handsets from the likes of Samsung, Sony, LG, HTC, Motorola and Microsoft are available online right now, all unlocked. SIM-free iPhones will be added to the roster in early July, when they’ll also begin to be stocked at John Lewis’ flagship Oxford Street store.
- Chinese OEM Meizu have announced an Ubuntu flavoured version of the MX4 available via invitation online only. TNW went hands on with the device and although fully aware of the potential of “Ubuntu in your phone” felt it would take time to adjust to the product and that it still needed more work.
- Wireless charging looks set to go mainstream off the back of the latest Wireless Power Consortium spec which aims to achieve parity of performance with conventional charging.
The Wireless Power Consortium (WPC), the driving force and leader in the global adoption of wireless power technology, today announced that the latest version of the Qi specification now makes it possible to deliver 15 watts of power to mobile phones that support wireless fast charging. This Qi fast charging feature enhances the charging experience by decreasing the time required to wirelessly charge devices
- Hackaday profile a smartphone case that houses an integrated keyboard.
- Here’s a video of the case with a Samsung Galaxy Note 4:
Google and Android
- GMail Undo Send support is now official. Note that:
Undo Send is disabled by default (which doesn’t make much sense), but you’ll eventually see it as an option in your “General” Gmail settings tab in the coming weeks. If you’ve already enabled it from Gmail Labs, however, it’ll be turned on by default.
- The ability to yank back emails you didn’t want to send has unsurprisingly proved popular. Undo Send lets you do so for up to 30 seconds after the event.
Apps and Services
- The BBC have launched a news app aimed at the young called NewsBeat. It’s an interesting idea but will face tough competition from other high profile online propositions:
The design consists of three feeds — Latest, Popular and Topics — and individual news reports are shown as cards with large, bold photos. The BBC says it’s aiming the app at 16- to 24-year-olds and will be focused on entertainment news, interviews and social trends. While it’s true that millennials spend a lot of time on their phones, the broadcaster could have a tough time drawing their attention away from apps like Snapchat.
- As if to underline that challenge, Snapchat are starting to hire “content analysts” in the run up to the 2016 US presidential race in a bid to extend their reach into news aimed at a younger demographic.
- One of the key issues that any new mobile service proposition faces is how to break through the reality of current smartphone usage patterns. Survey data highlighted by Forrester suggests that although users spend 85% of their time on smartphones in apps, nearly all of that is spent on just their top five apps. And that nearly a third of all time spent within apps is in GAFA quartet properties:
- There are some uncomfortable and stark consequences for brands as a result:
Based on this data and other findings in the new report, Forrester advises businesses to design their apps only for their best and most loyal or frequent customers – because those are the only one who will bother to download, configure and use the application regularly.
- Adobe’s Matt Asay tweeted a link to a post on his thoughts on the mobile app graveyard:
— Adobe (@Adobe) June 24, 2015
- Even so, there is no guarantee of continued hegemony for the social media giants particularly if concerns around online privacy and data security are not addressed. This TechCrunch post suggests a lot of young people who use social media are somewhat conflicted about the use of their data and apparently would not require surprisingly little further incentive to drop out:
survey data shows that 55 percent of young people would eschew social media entirely “if they could start fresh.” Additionally, if major breaches of their privacy were to continue, 75 percent of young people said they were at least “somewhat likely” to deactivate their personal social media accounts, with 23 percent saying they were “highly likely” to do so.
- A TechCrunch reviewer waxes lyrical about Amazon Echo suggesting it “proves the viability of voice-based home computing” and will be even more useful when integrated with essential services like those provided by Google. However this TNW reviewer of the same product holds the opposite view driven primarily by privacy concerns around hidden snooping:
Much as I like the convenience of voice control, the lack of clarity about when and where voice recordings are stored or transmitted to cloud storage has really put me off. … Sometimes, no matter how useful a new product is, you just can’t get over ‘the creepy factor.’
- Domestic robot Pepper was launched in Japan to considerable excitement last weekend by SoftBank. They have now revealed the extent of investment underpinning the venture from both Alibaba and Foxconn:
SoftBank has revealed that Alibaba and manufacturer Foxconn have invested $118 million each in its robotics division.
- Interesting post from Google’s APAC blog which highlights how dramatically Asia has leapfrogged the West in mobile usage:
Smartphone owners in Asia use their phones for searching, shopping, and maps more often than their Western counterparts. For instance, 31% of Thai smartphone owners shop on their phones — a rate far exceeding that of the US (10%) or UK (7%).
Cloud, Infrastructure and DevOps
- The Bank of England’s CIO John Finch provided an interesting insight into their IT strategy at the Cloud World Forum in London Olympia this week. He’s not a fan of public cloud but does understand the importance of consolidation and virtualisation to realise cost and flexibility benefits. For Finch, the ideal solution is therefore private cloud which was very much in evidence at the event with the likes of IBM heavily pushing OpenStack. The likes of Amazon and Microsoft were conspicuous by their absence.
- By way of contrast, this handy InfoQ post from Basant Singh explains why you should be migrating your business apps to public cloud. The author points out the benefits of cloud, namely elastic capacity, greater agility, lower cost, easier disaster recovery and reduced downtime. He then moves on to examine what sort of apps would benefit most from migration before finishing with a list of companies that did conduct migrations and what benefits they derived from the process:
- These two perspectives reflect two fundamentally different mindsets which overlap in large part with the world of ITIL and DevOps evangelists. InfoQ compared the two approaches to IT and provided this critique of ITIL from an exasperated DevOps practitioner:
For every mention of “iterative” or “feedback,” there are ten mentions of “plan” or “planning. Notably, the word “experiment” appears only a few times in Service Strategy and not at all across the remaining volumes.”
- DevOps does appear to have a better outlook longer-term with its emphasis on software skills as we move to the era of software-defined data centres. Ultimately, though, it’s pointless insisting on one size fits all. The reality is that across the wide spectrum of Enterprise use cases, there’s still plenty of room for both mindsets:
Some business needs, and their supporting applications, need an emphasis on innovation and speed of change: they need a Nimble approach. Other business needs require stability and very low risk: they need a Conservative approach.
- This amazingly useful github resource provides an exhaustive enumeration of all the various free tiers available from cloud service providers. It’s essentially Free Service Discovery as a service.
- Redis Labs just secured a Series B funding round that will allow them to continue advancing the popular Redis NoSQL database. Investors were no doubt well aware of the longer-term potential:
Redis Labs’ performance … makes it ideally suited for use cases like real-time analytics and ingesting Internet of Things data.
- According to McKinsey by as soon as 2018:
the United States could face a shortage of 140,000 to 190,000 “people with deep analytic skills” as well as 1.5 million “managers and analysts with the know-how to use the analysis of big data to make effective decisions.”
- Here is one insider view of the best US-based courses to take to fast track you into Data Science:
- TechCrunch post on “Cloud Giants and the War for Customer Data” is basically a thin cover for a piece talking up the undeniably rosy prospects of Apache Spark as the emerging big data platform of choice for large brands:
Apache Spark’s effect on the data landscape is akin to the leap in Internet applications enabled by the move from dial-up to broadband. … Think real-time communication, streaming music and video, massive multiplayer gaming, and other bandwidth-intensive applications. When it comes to data and delivering information to business people who need it, Spark enables a similar quantum leap in information access.
- Whether you choose Spark or Storm or just Splunk, you need a data pipeline to analyse how your customers are interacting with your mobile app properties. Without a good mobile analytics strategy underpinned by a system architecture and corresponding data analysis resource, your chances of making any impact on the mobile app status quo highlighted above are slim to none:
As a developer—whether retailer, game maker, or financial services company—your primary goal is to become an essential part of your users’ app-happy day. And your only hope to get there is by using data. Lots and lots of data. … While a brand might be tempted to shoot for one of the top slots, those spots tend to go to Facebook or messaging apps such as SnapChat. And, to channel Senator Lloyd Bentsen in his vice presidential debate with Senator Dan Quayle, “You’re no Facebook.”
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
- Very good online lecture from MIT’s Artificial Intelligence degree course on the derivation of the backpropagation algorithm from first principles. The lecturer, Patrick Winston, starts from a simple model of a neuron to build a 1D neural net and then uses partial differentiation and the chain rule do demonstrate that by employing a sigmoid function for the transition, it becomes possible to show how each layer of the net is only dependent on the layer before it:
- Fascinating inside glimpse into DeepMind and how Google have aggressively leveraged the groundbreaking work of its UK artificial intelligence acquisition into its internal systems:
“Across Google we use what we call Tool AI or Deep Learning Networks for fraud detection, spam detection, hand writing recognition, image search, speech recognition, Street View detection, translation.
Sixty handcrafted rule-based systems have now been replaced with deep learning based networks. This gives you a sense of the kind of generality, flexibility and adaptiveness of the kind of advances that have been made across the field and why Google was interested in DeepMind. “
- It’s unclear whether the Google Brain team is using the same technology but they’ve published a paper describing how they built a “neural conversational model”. They fed it a corpus of movie transcripts and came up with some disturbing results:
Human: what is the purpose of life?
Machine: to serve the greater good.
Human: what is the purpose of living?
Machine: to live forever.
- The young may be in two minds about social media and invasion of privacy but not, it appears, about robots based on responses to the US-based high school Robots4Us initiative. They don’t seem to have any especial fear of the singularity:
Instead of the dystopian narrative that usually accompanies robotics, each student envisioned a collaborative space for robots and humans to coexist. Turns out, the generation that will most likely hang out with a bot at home isn’t robophobic at all.
Amazon has launched a new machine-learning system that uses Artificial Intelligence (AI), to bring up more helpful and newer reviews at the top of the list. The new machine-learning algorithm will start to rank customer’s reviews and 5-star ratings system.
- With AI increasingly being used to assist decision-making, we need to ensure we don’t simply blindly accept the results without any evidence-based consideration of how they were derived. This requires a degree of reasoning capability (rationality) on the part of the AI to help understand the results context which is much harder than simply building a neural network that seems to generate reliable answers without understanding how it is generating them:
If we are going to have intelligent machines in our workplace that are providing us with answers, predictions and recommendations, we have to ask of them exactly what we would ask of any other co-worker. We have to ask them to explain themselves so we can productively work with them.
- This robot bricklayer called Hadrian (like the wall) is made in Australia and can “build a house in two days“:
- Handy InfoQ overview of how Large-Scale Scrum or “LeSS” works. It’s essentially an extension of the Scrum concepts and structure across the entirety of a product release. And like its narrower parent, LeSS emphasises a single backlog, proactive product owner and continuous integration albeit at the product level with separate “feature teams”:
Because LeSS emphasizes a whole-product focus, and there is only one Product Backlog shared by all teams (not a per-team so-called “Product” Backlog), there is only one overall Product Owner.
- CodeWars is another Checkio-style competitive community programming proposition albeit about more than just Python with languages like C#, Haskell and Clojure supported. One fun element is that you have to pass a couple of basic questions before being allowed to register. The questions once you’re inside seem interesting – the first one is about vampire numbers and the second on Complimentary DNA. The company behind it has received about $1million of angel funding over the last two years.
Wearables and the Internet of Things
- The much-anticipated Jawbone Up 3 smart fitness band is finally available in the UK:
The “Black Diamond” version is available now (the “Silver Cross” version will follow later this summer) for £129.99 and comes with one key hardware feature to separate it from the cheaper Up2: heart rate monitoring.
- Handheld gene sequencer for under $1000:
— Bill Danon (@Volturnus) June 24, 2015
- Terence Edent is test-driving an all-electric BMW i3. He likes the car but not its integrated web browser which gets something of a roasting in his write-up:
- Google’s latest self-driving car prototypes are now out on the roads of Mountain View. They have a top speed of 25mph and “safety drivers” who can operate manual override. It’s not clear if a safety driver was involved in this widely reported incident involving a near-miss between two self-driving cars from different companies which highlights the level of scrutiny Google can expect from mainstream media should any of their vehicles be the cause of an accident.
- The first 3D printed car:
— Michael Schmidtke (@michaschmidtke) June 24, 2015
Hiring and Work
- NYT on the increasing use of algorithmic decision support tools for hiring. They offer employers the potential to improve upon “gut instinct” with a more data-led approach that avoids human interviewer bias in the hiring process. One key benefit of doing so is greater diversity in the workplace:
A new wave of start-ups — including Gild, Entelo, Textio, Doxa and GapJumpers — is trying various ways to automate hiring. They say that software can do the job more effectively and efficiently than people can. Many people are beginning to buy into the idea.
- The use of contractors to flexibly fill resource needs is an increasingly normalized approach and a key characteristic of Exponential Organisations. This NYT piece suggests that introducing a variability in workforce that might not be such a good idea for businesses where a strongly aligned customer service experience is critical. The only way to ensure that is an ‘old-fashioned’ standing force of loyal, motivated and trained employees:
The on-demand companies that have embraced the old-fashioned employee model all say they aim to deliver an experience that wows customers. The best way to do that, they say, is to train and systematically deploy their workers — a practice that can be accomplished only with actual employees.
- It’s something of a shibboleth that cross-functional teams are better than silo’d ones. Maybe so but according to HBR, 75% of them are “dysfunctional” nonetheless.
- The tech industry is “in denial” and the current frenzied tech bubble is “about to burst”:
Entrepreneurs and their investors are deviating from more traditional valuation and performance metrics to more unconventional ones. Another cause cited for increasing valuations is the trend of protections for late investors that cause valuations to inflate further. The combination of a number of these factors has put the sector into a state of artificial valuations.
- All the more reason to look to bootstrap your own startup without recourse to funding as ex-Facebook employee Perry Tam did over six years to build Storm8 which now has 250 employees:
Both VC-backed and bootstrapped companies must tightly manage cash flow, particularly in the early days through the growth stage. But bootstrapped companies need to be even more financially prudent, as their thin profits are the only funds for growth. Compared to most VC-backed companies, a self-funded startup needs to be relentlessly frugal with its spend on things that don’t contribute to the bottom line (extravagant office space and decor), and must invest extra on the things that do contribute (employees).
- If you do bootstrap, TNW explain why you should rely on your own resources and not tap friends and family for funds.
Society and Culture
- Aubrey de Grey controversial gerontologist and transhumanist believes that anyone under 54 today will be able to delay the onset of the ageing process based on current tech alone. If de Grey has his way, greatly extended life expectancy will be the next step. It remains to be seen how many want to extend normal human lifespan as opposed to remaining fit and healthy throughout a reasonably normal length life:
Based on knowledge and technology we already have, de Grey reckons that within six to eight years we will find a way to delay the ageing process in 60 year olds so that they do not feel 60 until they are actually 90.
- As talk of Grexit looms, this grim Vox opinion piece outlines the harsh reality for a country approaching “Desperate O’Clock”, namely that keeping it on EU life-support or giving it a graceful way out fundamentally isn’t in the interest of anyone that has any power within Europe. If you buy the logic of the analysis, Greece’s EU future is all used up and things are going to get even worse before dawn than this its ‘darkest hour’. The implications are potentially more serious than many realise regardless of the result of the referendum:
The country’s failings are structural, not just fiscal. Default and Grexit will only aggravate those structural failings, not only immediately, but also in the medium-term. And having a failed state in such a pivotal geographic location as Greece’s poses significant geopolitical risks.
- The cost of living pressure on many living and working in London is creating a “Londexit” made up of those who’ve had enough and decided to move out. Cory Doctorow and his family are among their number. He outlined his reasons why in this blog post:
London is a city whose two priorities are turning itself into a playground for the most corrupt global elites who are turning neighbourhoods into soulless collections of empty, high-rise safe-deposit boxes in the sky; and continuing to encourage the feckless, reckless criminality of the finance industry (these two facts are not unrelated).
- Doctorow’s comments echo a recent powerful Rowan Moore piece in the Guardian which describes a “city that is eating itself” with investment property algal bloom leaving ever less space for social housing and relentless gentrification extending into the heart of impoverished areas like Brixton:
- In the interests of balance though, clearly not everyone shares the same view:
The media this week: "Why everyone's leaving London". Yeah, whatever. pic.twitter.com/h9Eywwld7J
— Barney Stringer (@BarneyStringer) June 30, 2015
- Radical beliefs and violent hatred are back in the news and exercising a lot of commentators and politicians. It is therefore timely and sobering to be reminded by this new research covering Nazi Germany that it is possible for a totalitarian regime to reverse decades of supposed progressivism within a relatively short period of time and effectively teach an entire population to hate through industrial scale organised indoctrination within the corresponding education environment. Once imbibed, that hatred appears to hang around for the long-term. It highlights the crucial role of family and wider society in instilling and robustly encouraging a skeptical mindset:
in the case of Nazi Germany, subjecting an entire population to the full power of a totalitarian state was extremely effective in instilling lasting hatred. Extremist views are still three times higher among Germans born in the 1930s than those born after 1950. However, family and the social environment can isolate young minds from the effects of indoctrination at least to some extent.
- Amidst the gloom, a moment of hope in Barack Obama’s remarkable table-turning interview of David Attenborough. The great communicator of the natural world is clear in his assessment of how to rein in climate change based on a lifetime of observation – a twin-pronged approach involving women’s education to reduce population growth and a ‘moon landing’ scale 10-year program to wean humanity off fossil fuels and onto renewables. At least the President of the US has the grace to listen.
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Finding out your household water costs is a simple process if you have a water meter. To find out how to read your meter see the page 'Reading a water meter'. Then all you need to do is follow the steps below.
Decide the number of days you will read your meter for.
Open read: 1 April
= 30 days
Calculate the amount of water you have used (in cubic metres)*
Minus the opening read (OR) from the close read (CR)
E.g. 220 CR - 200 OR = 20 cubic metres used
*The white figures on the BLACK dial count in cubic metres - this is what is charged on your invoice.
Calculate your daily average water use in litres
Divide the cubic metres used by the number of days the meter was read
E.g. 20 ÷ 30 = 0.67
Calculate you daily volumetric charge for how much water you have used
Multiply your daily average water use by the current volumetric rate of $1.09 per cubic metre
E.g. 0.67 x $1.09 = 0.73
Calculate your daily fixed charge
Divide the annual fixed charge by the number of days in the year.
Calculate your total daily charge for water
Add your volumetric and fixed charges together.
E.g. 0.73 + 0.5671 = $1.30
Calculate your estimaged water charges per quarter
Multiply your total daily charge by 90 days to get an estimated quarterly charge.**
E.g. $1.30 x 90 days = $117.00
**the number of days for each quarterly invoice will vary depending on the months covered for each invoice period.
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import requests
import json
import os
import logging
class ThingworxServer():
'''class to handle a general thingworx server and generate regular URL'''
def __init__(self, configuration):
self.configuration = configuration
self.validateSSL=True
self.templates = []
self.things = []
self.simulatorConfigurationFile=None
self.otherConfigs = {}
@classmethod
def fromConfigurationFile(cls, configurationfile):
''' {
'server':'gateway.desheng.io',
'port':443,
'appKey':'84ce8ad3-e081-4d01-9af0-f6fef4156362',
'protocol':'https'
}'''
default_config={
'server':None,
'port':None,
'appKey':None,
'protocol':'https'
}
configMapping={
'server':'ServerLocation',
'port':'Port',
'appKey':'AppKey',
'protocol':'Security'
}
with open(configurationfile,'r') as data_file:
configuration = json.load(data_file)
new_configuration = {}
for configitem in ['server','port','appKey','protocol']:
itemvalue=configuration.get(configitem,
configuration.get(configMapping[configitem],
default_config[configitem]))
if not itemvalue:
raise ValueError('{} is not provided in configuration file!'.format(configitem))
new_configuration[configitem]=itemvalue
if new_configuration['protocol'] == True:
new_configuration['protocol'] = 'https'
if new_configuration['protocol'] == False:
new_configuration['protocol'] = 'http'
otherConfigs = {}
for key, value in configuration.items():
if key not in ['server','port','appKey','protocol']:
otherConfigs[key]= value
#print("Server Configuration:{}".format(new_configuration))
newInstance = cls(new_configuration)
newInstance.otherConfigs = otherConfigs
return newInstance
raise ValueError('Failed to initialize server from:{}'.format(configurationfile))
@classmethod
def fromConfiguration(cls,server,port,appKey,protocol):
configuration = {}
configuration['server']=server
configuration['port'] = port
configuration['appKey'] = appKey
configuration['protocol'] = protocol
return cls(configuration)
def get_thing_service_url(self,thingName, serviceName):
return '{}://{}:{}/Thingworx/Things/{}/Services/{}'.format(
self.configuration['protocol'],
self.configuration['server'],
self.configuration['port'],
thingName,
serviceName
)
def get_headers(self):
return {
'appKey':self.configuration['appKey'],
'Content-Type':'application/json',
'Accept':'application/json',
'cache-control':'no-cache'
}
def get_thing_service(self, thingName,serviceName):
url= '{}://{}:{}/Thingworx/Things/{}/services/{}'.format(
self.configuration['protocol'],
self.configuration['server'],
self.configuration['port'],
thingName,
serviceName
)
logging.info("url:{}".format(url))
return url
def get_create_thing_url(self):
return '{}://{}:{}/Thingworx/Resources/EntityServices/Services/CreateThing'.format(
self.configuration['protocol'],
self.configuration['server'],
self.configuration['port']
)
def get_thingtemplate_dependency_url(self,templateName):
url= '{}://{}:{}/Thingworx/ThingTemplates/{}/Services/GetOutgoingDependencies'.format(
self.configuration['protocol'],
self.configuration['server'],
self.configuration['port'],
templateName
)
logging.info("get_thingtemplate_dependency_url:{}".format(url))
return url
def get_delete_thing_url(self):
return '{}://{}:{}/Thingworx/Resources/EntityServices/Services/DeleteThing'.format(
self.configuration['protocol'],
self.configuration['server'],
self.configuration['port']
)
def get_things_url(self):
url= '{}://{}:{}/Thingworx/Things'.format(
self.configuration['protocol'],
self.configuration['server'],
self.configuration['port']
)
logging.info("url:{}".format(url))
return url
def get_thing_template_valuestream(self,templateName):
pass
def get_thing_templates(self):
url = '{}://{}:{}/Thingworx/ThingTemplates'.format(
self.configuration['protocol'],
self.configuration['server'],
self.configuration['port']
)
ret = requests.request("GET",url, headers = self.get_headers(),verify=self.validateSSL)
return ret
def get_thing_property_update_url(self,thingName, propertyName):
url = '{}://{}:{}/Thingworx/Things/{}/Properties/{}'.format(
self.configuration['protocol'],
self.configuration['server'],
self.configuration['port'],
thingName,
propertyName
)
return url
def get_twx_download_url(self,twxType, twxName):
url = '{}://{}:{}/Thingworx/Exporter/{}s/{}'.format(
self.configuration['protocol'],
self.configuration['server'],
self.configuration['port'],
twxType,
twxName
)
logging.info("get_twx_download_url:{}".format(url))
return url
def get_things(self):
url = self.get_things_url()
logging.info("url:{}".format(url))
headers = self.get_headers()
ret = requests.request("GET", url, headers=headers, verify=self.validateSSL)
return ret
def check_template(self,templateName):
if len(self.templates) == 0:
#first time.
ret = self.get_thing_templates()
if ret.status_code == 200:
data = json.loads(ret.text)
for index in range(len(data['rows'])):
self.templates.append(data['rows'][index]['name'])
logging.info("Templates on Server:{}".format(self.templates))
if templateName in self.templates:
return True
else:
return False
def check_thing(self,thingName):
if len(self.things) == 0:
ret = self.get_things()
if ret.status_code == 200:
data = json.loads(ret.text)
for index in range(len(data['rows'])):
self.things.append(data['rows'][index]['name'])
logging.info('Things on Server:{}'.format(self.things))
if thingName in self.things:
return True
else:
return False
def get_import_url(self):
return '{}://{}:{}/Thingworx/Importer'.format(
self.configuration['protocol'],
self.configuration['server'],
self.configuration['port']
)
def get_import_headers(self):
return {
'appKey':self.configuration['appKey'],
'Accept':'application/json',
'x-xsrf-token': "TWX-XSRF-TOKEN-VALUE",
'cache-control':'no-cache'
}
def delete_entity(self,action,entityName):
url='{}://{}:{}/Thingworx/Resources/EntityServices/{}'.format(
self.configuration['protocol'],
self.configuration['server'],
self.configuration['port'],
action
)
jsonbody={
"name":entityName
}
logging.info("URL:{}".format(url))
logging.info("Input:{}".format(jsonbody))
ret = requests.request("POST",url,json=jsonbody, headers=self.get_headers())
#logging.info("Response:{}".format(ret.text))
return ret
def import_file(self,inputfilename):
url = self.get_import_url()
querystring = {"purpose": "import", "usedefaultdataprovider": "false", "WithSubsystems": "false"}
# make sure don't include "content-type" in header. it will be set by request directly.
headers = self.get_import_headers()
filename, fileextension = os.path.split(os.path.basename(inputfilename))
fileextension = fileextension.split(".")[1].lower()
if fileextension not in ['xml','twx']:
raise ValueError("unsupported file type:{}".format(fileextension))
with open(inputfilename, 'rb') as f:
multiple_files = {
'file': (f.name, f, 'application/xml' if fileextension=='xml' else 'application/octet-stream')
}
# both methods work
ret = requests.request("POST", url=url, headers=headers, params=querystring, files=multiple_files)
# ret = requests.post(url, files=multiple_files,params=querystring,headers=headers)
return ret
raise ValueError('{} may not exist or have error!'.format(inputfilename))
if __name__ == '__main__':
dir_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
print("dir path:{}".format(dir_path))
import csv
dict1={}
with open(os.path.join(dir_path,"../tests/loadfiles/load_files_list.csv"),"r") as infile:
reader=csv.DictReader(infile)
for row in reader:
print("{},{},{}".format(row['Action'],row['Entity'],row['Comment']))
|
Dual-function materials used for CO2 capture and conversion create value-added products
By Dr. Ana C. Alba-Rubio
Climate change is not an opinion; it is a real issue supported by strong scientific evidences. Even when we are dangerously approaching the so-called “point of no return,” surprisingly, there are still few actions being taken. It seems we forgot how good living on a healthy planet was, and now we do not care about leaving a sick Earth to future generations.
Carbon dioxide (CO2), a major air pollutant released into the atmosphere by the combustion of carbonaceous fuels, is one of the primary causes of global warming. It is, by far, one of the biggest sources of waste produced by human activities, with an annual global emission of 37.1 billion metric tons in 2018. The CO2 concentration in the atmosphere today is 415 ppm. I force myself to share that number often, so people can realize this is something that is happening much faster than we thought. Indeed, extrapolations of emissions trends suggest that even with strong efforts to limit emissions, CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere will rise beyond 450 ppm before we reach the middle of this century, with risk of catastrophic impacts.
With growing population size and oil consumption, it will be difficult to maintain our current quality of life. Therefore, future strategies to combat global warming must focus on energy security while reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The solution seems clear: environmental awareness, reforestation, transition from fossil fuels towards renewable sources, and active removal and control of CO2 emissions.
CO2 capture and sequestration, together with CO2 capture and catalytic conversion to fuels and materials, might help to mitigate the greenhouse effect. However, CO2 capture and conversion at the exhaust of combustion (e.g. flue gas at fuel oil, natural gas, or coal power plants) is more attractive, not only because industries could economically benefit from a waste, but also because that would reduce the amount of gases emitted to the atmosphere.
Dual-function materials, which are capable of capturing and converting CO2, are gaining attention, since they might eliminate the energy requirement, corrosion, and transportation issues associated with capture and sequestration. Our research group has recently been awarded a grant from the National Science Foundation through the Faculty Early Career Development Program to develop this type of material.
Our lab at the University of Toledo focuses on the rational design and synthesis of heterogeneous catalysts for sustainable processes. Catalysts are substances that are added to chemical reactions to make them faster – or even possible. This new project aims to create dual-function materials able to concentrate and capture CO2 at the surface of the catalyst for an effective conversion to methanol and higher alcohols, which are important commodity chemicals.
These materials could be placed at the top of industrial smokestacks for in situ capture and conversion of CO2 into alcohols, which could be fed into a fuel cell to produce electricity to power the plant. This arises as an example of circular economy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. I believe circular economy and improved utilization and reutilization of resources is essential to protect our environment, society, and economy
at large. The current model of trying to use all the resources we have while they last is no longer sustainable, and carbon taxes need to be imposed to create awareness of our carbon footprint.
When industries recognize CO2 as a valuable product, they will try to make a profit of it, and that will be the turning point in our fight against climate change. At that point, we will be ready to change the destiny of humanity.
Dr. Ana C. Alba-Rubio is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Chemical Engineering at the University of Toledo. Her research focuses on the rational design of heterogeneous catalysts to provide fuels and materials sustainably.
|
Greater positive affect change after mental imagery than verbal thinking in a student sample.
Nelis S., Vanbrabant K., Holmes EA., Raes F.
This study sought to replicate previous work concerning the impact of positive mental imagery on emotion. Previous experimental studies found that imagining positive events was superior to verbally processing the same events in producing positive affect, and further that field rather than observer perspective imagery had a more powerful impact (Holmes, Coughtrey, & Connor, 2008; Holmes, Mathews, Dalgleish, & Mackintosh, 2006). In the current study, 78 students listened to 100 positive events randomly allocated to one of three conditions (between-subjects): imagining them via a field or an observer perspective or listening to the same events while thinking about their verbal meaning. Positive affect was measured before and after the task. Positive affect change was greater after imagery (field and observer) than the verbal condition, replicating previous research. Contrary to predictions, there was no significant difference in affect change between the field and observer conditions. To explain the latter result, we reflect on methodological explanations. In conclusion, there was greater positive affect change after positive mental imagery than positive verbal thinking. If results can be translated from the lab to the clinic then imaging positive situations may help people feel more positive than only discussing them verbally in therapy.
|
The right ear advantage (REA) phenomenon has been utilized in clinical and research settings to study auditory processing disorders and linguistic lateralization. Previous research has established that the REA is not reliable in its measures within or between individuals. This is likely due to the influence of other variables, such as neuromaturation and attention. One variable that has not been studied in depth in this context is linguistic complexity. It was hypothesized that stimulus conditions with levels of linguistic complexity would elicit corresponding levels of temporal lobe activity. Understanding and controlling the variables that affect the REA will increase the reliability of the measure. Twenty right handed, neurotypical individuals aged 18-29 participated in a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study that identified the regions and the extent of activation involved in listening to dichotic syllables, words, and sentences. Three durations of speech babble corresponding to the mean duration of the syllables, words, and sentences were used as control stimuli. Participants listened to dichotic stimuli and reported the stimulus they heard best during an fMRI scan. Reaction time (RT), ear preference, and fMRI data were recorded simultaneously and analyzed post hoc. Behavioral results showed that words had the shortest RTs and the greatest REA; syllables and sentences were similar to each other for both measures. Significant main effects were found in brain regions known to be involved in cognitive control of attention and linguistic processing. Words were associated with significant activation differences for ear preferences and minimal frontal lobe involvement for right ear preference. Syllables caused the least activity in the frontal lobe regions and less voxel activity in the temporal lobes than syllable-length babble. Sentences had the greatest voxel activity in the frontal and temporal lobe regions. It was concluded that words would best reflect the REA in clinical and experimental designs. Words had minimal involvement of frontal lobe regions indicating minimal cognitive control of attention and the largest discrepancies in activation patterns between right and left ear preferences that showed less cognitive power to process right ear stimuli in a dichotic listening situation.
College and Department
David O. McKay School of Education; Communication Disorders
BYU ScholarsArchive Citation
Hyatt, Elizabeth, "The Right Ear Advantage in Response to Levels of Linguistic Complexity: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study" (2015). Theses and Dissertations. 5719.
Functional magnetic resonance imaging, right ear advantage, linguistic laterality, linguistic processing, linguistic complexity, mid-frontal gyrus
|
The President and Population Growth
"Consider what a proactive U.S. global family planning effort might achieve:
+ By moderating population growth, there'd be some lessening of catastrophic food and water shortages afflicting less developed nations.
+ Global warming dangers wouldn't rise quite so rapidly.
+ The rights and life prospects of literally millions of women around the globe might be enhanced.
+ Significant worldwide totals of abortions and infant deaths could be avoided.
+ Democracy and stability would be promoted worldwide as fewer nations faced the turmoil easily triggered by high birth rates creating population "bumps" of poor and resentful youth.
+ And with a clear, unequivocal U.S. lead, other countries and the United Nations might expand their international family planning assistance."
Thanks to Scott Ulrich
|
Auto Systems and Repair: Relay
Symptoms of Wear or Failure
- Components controlled by the relay will not turn on or off as desired
Related Repair Advice
- A relay is commonly controlled by a manual switch or a computer. All electrical inputs to a relay should be checked for proper operation before the relay is replaced.
- Using the incorrect relay on a computer controlled circuit may result in failure of the computer
|
इसके साथ ही उन्होंने कहा कि गगनयान अभियान की प्रारंभिक तैयारियां भारत में की जाएंगी और एडवांस ट्रेनिंग रूस में हो सकती है. महिला अंतरिक्ष यात्री भी टीम में शामिल होंगी. इस कड़ी में छह रिसर्च केंद्र देश भर में विकसित किए जाएंगे. हम भारतीय छात्रों को इसरो में काम का मौका देंगे. ऐसे में उनको नासा में जाने की जरूरत नहीं होगी.गगनयान में जाने वाले अंतरिक्ष यात्रियों के चयन पर इसरो प्रमुख ने कहा कि सभी क्रू मेंबर्स भारत से होंगे,भारतीय एयरफोर्स के जवान होंगे, सिविलियन भी हो सकते हैं, जो भी चयन के पैमाने पर खरा उतरेंगे वही जाएंगे, महिलाओं को भी अवसर है। चयन संबंधित फैसले सिलेक्शन कमिटी करेगी। देशभर में छह इंक्यूबेशन सेंटर बनाए जाएंगे, जो सभी प्रॉजेक्ट्स के लिए ट्रेनिंग मुहैया कराएंगे।
|
## ParthKohli 3 years ago More differentiation problems with quotient rule. I'm going to type out the question along with the answer. Thanks for the patience :)
1. ParthKohli
I'd need you guys to check it in a minute.
2. ParthKohli
$h(x) = {4\sqrt{x }\over x^2 - 2}$$h'(x) = {{(4\sqrt{x})'(x^2 - 2) - (4\sqrt{x})(x^2 - 2)'}\over (x^2 - 2)^2 }$$\implies\qquad{2x^{-1 \over 2} (x^2 - 2) - (4\sqrt{x})(2x) \over (x^2 - 2)^2}$More steps coming.
3. ParthKohli
$\implies{(2x^{3 \over 2} - 4x^{-1 \over 2}) - 8x^{3 \over 2} \over (x^2 - 2)^2}$
4. ParthKohli
$\implies {{-6x^{3 \over 2}} - {4x^{1 \over 2} }\over(x^2 - 2)^2}$
5. ParthKohli
Can I simplify it more?
6. cwrw238
you can factorise the numerator i suppose
7. ParthKohli
Oh, yes. Is there anything else?
8. KingGeorge
Using wolfram, I'm not getting the same answer as that
9. ParthKohli
Oh... I might be wrong in that case.
10. ParthKohli
Can we integrate that and check?
11. cwrw238
i cant see any problem with your answer
12. KingGeorge
$\Large{(2x^{3 \over 2} - 4x^{-1 \over 2}) - 8x^{3 \over 2} \over (x^2 - 2)^2} \\ =(2x^{3 \over 2} -8x^{3 \over 2} ) - 4x^{-1 \over 2} \over (x^2 - 2)^2\\={{-6x^{3 \over 2}} - {4x^{-\frac{1}{2}} }\over(x^2 - 2)^2}$
13. ParthKohli
So then am I correct?
14. KingGeorge
Your exponent on the 4 was positive when it was supposed to be negative.
15. ParthKohli
Oh, I mistakenly made that positive when it was negative in the previous step. *close enough*
16. cwrw238
oh yes - just a typo
17. KingGeorge
You can then factor the $\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}$out, and make it look significantly simpler.
18. ParthKohli
Thank you again!
19. cwrw238
well done parth - just a human error
20. ParthKohli
Thank you @cwrw238. Your encouragement much appreciated.
21. KingGeorge
$\Large {{-6x^{3 \over 2}} - {4x^{-\frac{1}{2}} }\over(x^2 - 2)^2}\\ \Large =\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}{{-6x^2} - {4 }\over(x^2 - 2)^2}\\ \Large =\frac{-6x^2-4}{\sqrt{x}(x^2-2)^2}$Then if you want, you can factor a -2 out of the top as well, but this is as much as it simplifies.
22. ParthKohli
OK sir. Thank you for your help.
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ग्वालियर। चुनावों से पहले अवैध हथियारों के सौदागरों पर नजर रख रही ग्वालियर पुलिस की क्राइम ब्रांच को एक शातिर बदमाश को पकड़ने सफलता हासिल की है। पुलिस को बदमाश से ३२ बोर की १० देशी पिस्टल व ६ मैग्जीन और ६ जिंदा राउंड बरामद किये हैं। पुलिस गिरफ्तार युवक से कड़ी पूछ ताछ कर रही है।
लोकसभा चुनाव को देखते हुए शहर में जारी पुलिस चैकिंग के दौरान क्राइम ब्रांच को मुखबिर से सूचना मिली कि रोडवेज बस स्टैंड पर एक संदिग्ध व्यक्ति देखा गया है जो अपनी पीठ पर लाइट कत्थई कलर का बैग टांगे हुए हैं।उस बैग में अवैध हथियार हो सकते हैं। मुखबिर द्वारा बताए गए स्थान पर क्राइम ब्रांच ने दबिश देकर युवक को पकड़ना चाहा तो उसने भागने का प्रयास किया जिसे क्राइम ब्रांच ने दबोच लिया। युवक से पूछताछ की तो उसने अपना नाम देवेंद्र उर्फ देवा जादौन निवासी गोरमी जिला भिंड का होना बताया। जब उसके बैग की तलाशी ली तो ३२ बोर की १० देशी पिस्टल व ६ मैगजीन और ६ िंदा राउंड मिले। जिनकी कीमत एक लाख पचास हजार रुपए बताई जा रही है। युवक ने क्राइम ब्रांच को पूछताछ में बताया कि वो ये हथियार सेंधवा जिले से पंद्रह पंद्रह हजार रुपए में खरीद कर लाया था २५ से ३० हजार रुपए में ग्वालियर बेचने आया था । हालाँकि उसने ये नहीं बताया कि वो ये हथियार किसे बेचने आया था। पुलिस अधीक्षक नवनीत भसीन के मुताबिक देवा पूर्व में भी ग्वालियर व भिंड के थाना गोहद में आर्म्स एक्ट में पकड़ा जा चुका है। एसपी का कहना है कि बदमाश को रिमांड पर लेकर कड़ी पूछ ताछ की जाएगी।
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15 के शव के साथ ही एक ट्रॉलर भी बरामद हुआ था। अब भी चार मछुआरे और दो ट्रॉलर लापता हैं। नई दिल्ली : दुनिया नए साल का वेलकम कर रही है। लेकिन गुजरा साल 2017 खुद को भूलने नहीं देगा। गुजरा साल अपने कई बदलाओं के साथ हमारी जिंदगी में अपनी अहमियत का अहसास कराता रहेगा, तो इन्हीं बदलाओं से आगे हमारी जिंदगी शुरू होने वाली है। योगदान बेटियों को अंग्रेजी शिक्षा और खेल से जोड़कर बना रहीं सशक्त 4 पिंगाली वेंकैया द्वारा डिजाइन किए गए झंडे को सर्वप्रथम कांग्रेस के सम्मेलन में मान्यता दी गई थी. वर्ष 1921 में विजयवाड़ा में हुए कांग्रेस कमेटी की बैठक में महात्मा गांधी को वेंकैया का डिजाइन किया हुआ तिरंगा दिखाया गया. बापू की सहमति के बाद सभी नेताओं ने देश के राष्ट्रध्वज को स्वीकार कर लिया. नीलम बताती हैं कि विक्की और भारतेन्दु के बीच बातचीत भी बंद थी, परंतु नए साल के मौके पर विक्की ने फोन कर भारतेन्दु से बात की थी और विदेश में नौकरी के लिए पटना से घर बुलाया था। नौ जनवरी को भारतेन्दु विक्की के घर गया था, उसके बाद वह घर नहीं लौटा। 3. कांग्रेस आलाकमान के खिलाफ खुलकर विरोध में उतरे 23 के</s>
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Breeds of Dairy Cows
You’ve probably heard me say that we have Holstein dairy cows on our farm. Just like there are different breeds of dogs, cats and other animals, there are different breeds of dairy cows. Holsteins are one of six common breeds of dairy cows.
Holsteins are the most popular type of dairy cows, so that’s usually the type of cow you’ll see in books, movies and magazines. They are most noticeable because they are large and have black and white spots. There also are Holsteins that have red and white spots. Holsteins are known for producing a lot of milk.
Brown Swiss are strong animals with a brown shade to their hide. They still produce white milk.
Guernsey cows also produce a lot of milk. The milk from these cows is often used to make cheese. They have a red and white haircoat.
Ayrshires are smaller than Holsteins, but very strong, and have reddish-brown markings.
Jersey cows are the smallest breed with a brown coat.
Milking Shorthorn cows are medium sized and can be red, white or a mix of both colors.
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- Why Lindemann?
We were having a leakage issue in our basement that was due to moisture in our chimney. The frigid Chicago weather has caused quite a havoc this winter. Lindemann was able to diagnose the problem and ... - Steve M. (Chicago, IL)
My experience with Lindemann was excellent. They came out and did what no one else could. Mine was a smoke issue. After having a fire the entire house would smell of smoke. I could have hung pork bell... - Frank F. (Mount Prospect, IL)
These guys are great! We had our chimney inspected/cleaned by Jim who was extremely knowledgeable and super nice! Definitely recommend these guys! And free wood with the chimney cleaning! Super! ... - Steve S. (Chicago, IL)
Spalling is a common problem we see at Lindemann Chimney Service. Spalling occurs when moisture permeates a porous material causing it to deteriorate. This results in chipping, flaking, or falling pieces. In the case of chimneys, this often plagues the brickwork and, left untreated, could lead to a larger collapse of the area’s masonry work. While most people can notice when bricks are falling from their home’s exterior, few are knowledgeable on what spalling actually is.
1. Brick is prone to a specific type of spalling called salt spalling. This weathering often occurs in porous materials when dissolved salt carried into the material by water is deposited and crystallizes inside. The salt crystals than expand causing spalling to occur.
2. Spalling can occur on more than just chimneys. Sidewalks, foundation walls, and masonry blocks can also experience this problem.
3. The chimney shows damage from spalling earlier than other areas because it is more exposed to the elements.
4. Spalling can occur not only on the outside of the chimney but also on the inside and could lead to blockages within the flue.
5. Spalling damage is most severe in the northern United States due to the freeze and thaw cycle during winter months.
6. The type of bricks you use matters. Softer bricks are more prone to water permeation but are often a more cost-effective building material than harder types of bricks.
7. A professionally installed chimney cap can be an effective way to keep water (and animals) out of the chimney.
Is your chimney’s exterior plagued by spalling? It is important to address the issue as soon as you notice it occuring. Leaving the problem unaddressed can lead to larger, more costly damage to the structure. Contact Lindemann Chimney Service today to schedule a free estimate on the repair work.
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THTR 155 (CA) Stagecraft I (1)
An introduction to the physical aspects of theatre production. This course provides students with the basic knowledge and skills used in backstage production support. Areas of study include construction, sound, and lighting. Required of all theatre majors, but also intended for the interested non-major who would like to explore the performing arts from a technical perspective.
- General Education Requirement Fulfillment: Creating in the Arts
- Offering: Annually
- Instructor: Steck
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The size dimensions given are for the full design. The first number is always the width (or, side-to-side), from the furthest left point of the design, to the furthest right. The second number is always the height (or, up-and-down), from the highest point of the design, to the lowest.
In this first example, which includes multiple lines of text and an embellishment, you can see that the height (second number) is inclusive of the whole design, and not individual lines or letters.
In this second example, which only has one line of text, you can see that the height (second number) starts at the top of the tallest letter (often letters with ascenders, such as: b, d, f, h, etc.), and extends to the bottom of the lowest letter (usually letters with descenders, such as y, j, g, etc.), and does not represent the height of any individual letters. It is the measurement of the whole design.
Please measure your space before ordering to ensure the size you choose will fit well in your space. Keep in mind that the sizes we offer for each design range considerably, from very small (to fit on a plaque or door) to very large (to extend the full width of a king size bed, for example). Not all sizes will work well in all applications, so it's important to measure your space and choose the size which will compliment the space and the room.
Welcome To Our Home
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कहा, मुझे लगता है कि इस फिल्म का रीमेक नहीं बनाया जा सकता। उन्होंने कहा, यहां तक की उस समय में हमें नहीं पता था कि हमारी यह फिल्म अच्छी है या बुरी। ईमानदारी से कहूं तो हमने सिर्फ इस फिल्म में काम किया और यह रिलीज हुई। उन्होंने कहा, लेकिन इस फिल्म की सफलता इसलिए इतनी बड़ी थी क्योंकि लोगों ने इस फिल्म को पसंद किया था और वे इसे दूसरे ही स्तर पर ले गए थे। ब्लीचिंग व जीवाणुरोधी गुणों से युक्त यह पैक आपके चेहरे को मुलायम व बेदाग बनाएगा। इसके लिए 1 चम्मच मंठ्ठे में थोडा सा आम व 1 चम्मच शहद मिलाएं। इस सामग्री को मिलाकर एक पेस्ट तैयार करें। इस पेस्ट को अपने चेहरे व गर्दन पर लगाएं। 30 मिनट बाद अपने चेहरे को साफ पानी से धो लें। बीआरओ डायरेक्टर जनरल ले. जनरल हरपाल सिंह ने कहा, हम कुल 17 पुल बना रहे हैं, जिनमें से 6 तैयार हो गए हैं, 5 अगले महीने बन जाएंगे और अन्य सभी मार्च 2021 में पूरे हो जाएंगे। सभी पुल समय से पहले ही तैयार हो रहे हैं। मुम्बई: बालीवुड एक्ट्रेस श्रीदेवी के पति बोनी कपूर अपनी दिवंगत पत्नी की जिंदगी पर एक डॉक्यूमेंट्री फिल्म बनाना</s>
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#!/usr/bin/python
#coding:utf-8
from __future__ import division
def StrCmp(nX, nY = 100):
if nX == nY:
print nX, "=", nY
elif nX > nY:
print nX, ">", nY
elif nX < nY:
print nX, "<", nY
StrCmp(25, 28)
StrCmp(20)
print "==================================="
def fun():
return "Hello, wrod!"
fun()
print "==================================="
def Add(nX, nY):
return nX + nY
def Sub(nX, nY):
return nX - nY
def Mul(nX, nY):
return nX * nY
def Div(nX, nY):
return nX / nY
# def Operator(nX, o, nY):
# if o == "+":
# print Add(nX, nY)
# elif o == "-":
# print Sub(nX, nY)
# elif o == "*":
# print Mul(nX, nY)
# elif o == "/":
# print Div(nX, nY)
# else:
# pass
Operator = {"+":Add, "-":Sub, "*":Mul, "/":Div}
def Oper(nX, szOper, nY):
print Operator.get(szOper)(nX, nY)
nNumA = int(raw_input("Plase input nNumA:"))
nNumB = int(raw_input("Plase input nNumB:"))
szOper = raw_input("Plase input operation method:")
Oper(nNumA, szOper, nNumB)
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In the game of hide and seek, cuttlefish have the upper hand. These chameleons of the sea are astonishingly good at disappearing: they can instantaneously change the colour of their skin to blend in with the background, matching even the finicky details like the pattern of coloured rocks on the ocean floor.
Divers have long known that cuttlefish are masters of the 3D camouflage game, too, and new research from the Wood’s Hole Oceanographic Institute has revealed how they do it.
Alexandra Barbosa, a graduate student, and Dr. Roger Hanlon were interested in the way cuttlefish strike a pose when trying to hide. After encountering a predator, these octopus-like animals will flee among the corals, rocks and algae, and freeze with their arms contorted into shapes that mimic nearby objects – a feat made all the more impressive by the fact that cuttlefish arms can bend in any direction. Some birds and insects are also known to camouflage themselves with body posture, but few come close to cuttlefish in shape-shifting flexibility (see photos of cephalopod camouflage in the wild here).
To understand just how they do it, Barbosa and her colleagues in Dr. Hanlon’s lab presented captive cuttlefish with some highly unusual surroundings: jailbird stripes, in black and white. In response, the cuttlefish got theatrical, raising their arms roughly parallel to the angle of the stripes. And when the researchers shifted the angle of the background image, the cuttlefish stretched their arms into a new position in an attempt to stay hidden.
Cuttlefish posing against different backgrounds. Modified from Barbosa et al. 2011 (see Figure 1).
Intriguingly, not all of the ten individuals tested were able to match the angle perfectly all of the time – but these quirks may not be surprising given that cuttlefish camouflage is so complex. After all, in nature cephalopods get to choose their own hiding places, a decision that might involve several different factors. According to the researchers, camouflaged cuttlefish are even known to gently wave their arms to match the movement of the underwater plants they are trying to mimic.
These results are a clear demonstration that cuttlefish use vision to guide their 3D camouflage, since the study animals matched a flat background image. Moreover, Barbosa and Hanlon have shown that shape-shifting cephalopods can easily handle scenarios that would never occur in the environment where these behaviours evolved, and adjust just as flexibly to this artificial environment as they do in their natural habitats.
Captive experiments like this are just the first step in understanding how cuttlefish use visual cues to hide, and some big questions remain. For instance, little is known about how cuttlefish can detect and match colours so well despite the fact that they are, in effect, colourblind – Hanlon has found that giant Australian cuttlefish can take on the colouration of rocks on the ocean floor even in the middle of the night.
These remarkable split-second decisions about where, and how, to hide might also help us understand something bigger. Strategic camouflage is just one aspect of the surprising intelligence of cuttlefish, which have the largest brains for a given body size of any invertebrate – these animals are also able to learn and communicate with one another at a level that rivals many land-based animals. It will be intriguing to see where hide and seek fits in to the history of cephalopod brain evolution.
Barbosa, A. et al. 2011. Proceedings of the Royal Society B. In press.
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RF detector basics
The most common RF detector is a diode detector. It is used to sample amplitude of the input RF signals. These detectors work as simple rectifiers which samples RF peak while charging a capacitance to hold the peak voltage and discharging the capacitance across the load slowly. Hence it is also known as peak detector. Schottky diode is used as broadband sensors with frequency range upto 50 GHz.
The RF detector curve will usually have three regions viz. square law, linear and saturation. Square law region exists at low RF input levels where in output is proportional to square of the input amplitude. When input level reaches to about 1V, the curve will be linear. Saturation region reches when input level becomes larger.
Let us understand the RF detector used as AM demodulator. As we know demodulator is the circuit which converts and recovers modulating signal from the modulated signal input.
RF detector circuit diagram
RF detector circuit used as AM demodulator is shown in the figure. As shown, AM signal is transformer coupled to a basic half-wave rectifier circuit made of diode D1 and resistor R1. The diode conducts only when positive half cycles of the AM signal are subjected to the RF detector circuit. During the negative half cycles, diode gets reverse biased. This results into no current flow. Hence voltage across R1 is due to positive pulses only whose amplitude varies with the modulating signal.
In order to retrieve the original modulating signal, a capacitor is connected across resistor R1. The value of this capacitor is carefully chosen so that it has a very low impedance at the carrier frequency and high impedance at modulating signal frequency. This results into filtering of the carrier frequency signal. Hence only original modulating frequency signal will be available at the output.
In order to make this circuit works effectively time constant of C and R1 is chosen to be long compared to the period of the RF carrier signal. As explained this diode detector circuit recovers the envelope of the Amplitude Modulated signal, the RF detector circuit is referred as envelope detector.
More RF Links
RF converter design
C band RF Transceiver basics
RF filter design
RF vector Signal generation/analysis
Microstrip line basics
RF and SoC Testing
what is RF
RF circulator basics
RF isolator basics
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The Earth is the “Blue Planet” because more than 70 percent of its surface is covered in water. But what does the Blue Planet look like without the blue? How would Earth appear as … the Green Planet?
Something like this, apparently. The Suomi NPP satellite, NASA’s Earth-observing research satellite, has been gathering data about the world’s vegetation from its delightfully lofty perch. The data themselves come from Suomi NPP’s Visible-Infrared Imager/Radiometer Suite, or VIIRS, instrument. VIIRS, as its name (sort of) suggests, is able to detect changes in the reflection of light — which allows it, in turn, to capture images that measure vegetation changes over time. (In order to power photosynthesis, vegetation absorbs visible light, and leaf cells strongly reflect near-infrared light — which means that lush areas of the planet show less visible light and more near-infrared light than their relatively barren counterparts.)
A map detail — capturing more than 1,600 feet per pixel — depicts the vegetation of the rich Mississippi river delta. (NOAA)
The Suomi satellite operates as a partnership between NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. So NOAA did something great: It compiled the past year’s worth of Suomi/VIIRS data into a series of striking images. The composite mosaics, stripped of everything but plant life, depict the world as, in a very real sense, a greenhouse.
The images, like almost all such taken-from-space images of Earth, aren’t just pretty pictures. The weekly mosaics provided by the Suomi satellite allow researchers to track the changes in the Earth’s vegetation over time. And those changes, in turn, can forecast things like droughts and wildfires — and even outbreaks of diseases. “As vegetation grows in sub-Saharan Africa, so does the risk for malaria,” NOAA notes. “Vegetation indexes provide world health organizations the lead time needed to distribute supplies and medicine.”
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- Understand and voluntarily sign an informed consent form.
- Age greater than 18 years at the time of signing the informed consent form.
- Able to adhere to the study visit schedule and other protocol requirements.
- Diagnosed with active multiple myeloma and be considered to have disease progression
after at least 2 cycles of anti-myeloma treatment or have relapsed with progressive
disease after treatment.
- Measurable myeloma paraprotein levels in serum (≥ 0.5g/dL) or urine (≥ 0.2 g excreted
in a 24-hour collection sample).
- Eastern Cooperative Group (ECOG) Performance Status of 0-2. Performance status of 3
and 4 will be allowed if related to bony disease.
- Bilirubin < 2 x upper limits of normal (ULN).
- Liver enzymes (ALT or AST) < 3 x ULN.
- Must have adequate bone marrow function: * Absolute neutrophil count > 1,000
cells/mm3 (1.0 x 109/L) * Platelets ≥ 100,000 cells/mm3 (100 x 109/L) * Hemoglobin ≥
- Must have adequate renal function: creatinine ≤ 2.5 mg/dL.
- Must have 2-d echocardiogram indicating LVEF ≥ 50% within 42 days prior to first dose
of study drug.
- Women of childbearing potential (WCBP) must have a negative serum or urine pregnancy
test within 7 days of starting study drug. In addition, sexually active WCBP must
agree to use adequate contraceptive methods (oral, injectable, or implantable
hormonal contraceptive; tubal ligation; intra-uterine device; barrier contraceptive
with spermicide; or vasectomized partner) while on study drug. WCBP must agree to
have pregnancy tests every 4 weeks while on study drug.
- Severe infection requiring intravenous antibiotic treatment.
- Life expectancy of less than 3 months.
- Prior malignancy, except for adequately treated basal cell or squamous cell skin
cancer, in-situ cervical cancer, or other cancer from which the subject has been
disease-free for at least 5 years.
- Solitary bone or solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma as the only evidence of plasma
- Subjects who have received > 500mg/m2 of doxorubicin alone, or Doxil® alone, or
doxorubicin plus Doxil®.
- Prior treatment with CC-5013.
- Prior development of ≥ grade 2 (NCI CTC) allergic reaction/hypersensitivity while
- Prior development of a ≥ grade 3 (NCI CTC) rash or any desquamation while taking
- History of cardiac disease, with New York Heart Association Class II or greater.
- Uncontrolled medical problems such as diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease,
hypertension, unstable angina, arrhythmias), pulmonary, hepatic and renal diseases
unless renal insufficiency is felt to be secondary to multiple myeloma.
- Any investigational agent or systemic anti-myeloma therapy within 28 days of the
first dose of treatment.
- Any serious medical condition, laboratory abnormality, or psychiatric illness that
would prevent the subject from signing the informed consent form.
- Pregnant or lactating females.
- Any condition, including the presence of laboratory abnormalities, which places the
subject at unacceptable risk if he/she were to participate in the study or confounds
the ability to interpret data from the study.
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"""
sentry.client.models
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
:copyright: (c) 2010 by the Sentry Team, see AUTHORS for more details.
:license: BSD, see LICENSE for more details.
"""
from __future__ import absolute_import
import sys
import logging
import warnings
from django.core.signals import got_request_exception
from sentry.conf import settings
logger = logging.getLogger('sentry.errors')
if settings.REMOTE_URL:
class MockTransaction(object):
def commit_on_success(self, func):
return func
def is_dirty(self):
return False
def rollback(self):
pass
transaction = MockTransaction()
else:
from django.db import transaction
_client = (None, None)
def get_client():
global _client
if _client[0] != settings.CLIENT:
module, class_name = settings.CLIENT.rsplit('.', 1)
_client = (settings.CLIENT, getattr(__import__(module, {}, {}, class_name), class_name)())
return _client[1]
client = get_client()
@transaction.commit_on_success
def sentry_exception_handler(request=None, **kwargs):
exc_info = sys.exc_info()
try:
if settings.DEBUG or getattr(exc_info[0], 'skip_sentry', False):
return
if transaction.is_dirty():
transaction.rollback()
extra = dict(
request=request,
)
message_id = get_client().create_from_exception(**extra)
except Exception, exc:
try:
logger.exception(u'Unable to process log entry: %s' % (exc,))
except Exception, exc:
warnings.warn(u'Unable to process log entry: %s' % (exc,))
finally:
del exc_info
got_request_exception.connect(sentry_exception_handler)
|
चीनी निर्माता होटल होमस्ट्य१०० % कपास वफ़ल स्नान बागे महिलाओं स्नान बागे मेंस
चीन आपूर्तिकर्ता प्रत्यक्ष बिक्री होटल गेस्थ्स स्नान बागे वफ़ल कपास खान भाप स्क्वैश स्नान सूट
२०१९ सबसे अच्छा बेच सौंदर्य सैलून गेस्थ्स होटल बागे वफ़ल कार्डिगन शैली कपास स्नान बागे वफ़ल
५ स्टार होटल वफ़ल बागे होटल सनी स्नान बागे सॉना स्पा स्नान बागे वफ़ल
गर्म बेच जापानी वफ़ल स्पा बागे रंग अनुकूलित शाल कॉलर स्नान बागे
थोक बागे वफ़ल कपास स्पा बागे किमोनो कॉलर
थोक बिक्री जापानी वफ़ल बागे सबसे लोकप्रिय वफ़ल स्पा बागे चीन में किए गए
थोक १००% कपास टेरी स्नान बागे यूनिसेक्स टेरी कपड़ा समुद्र तट बागे
कारखाने की आपूर्ति कपास टेरी कपड़ा समुद्र तट बागे होटल गेस्थ्स सफेद टेरी स्नान बागे सर्दियों
चीन कारखाने प्रत्यक्ष बिक्री सफेद कपास टेरी बागे सुपर शोषक टेरी कपड़ा समुद्र तट बागे
चीन निर्माता १००% कपास गुलाबी किमोनो बागे वेलोर बाथरोब होटल महिला शीतकालीन वेलोर बागे
थोक होटल वेलोर बाथरोब कपास वेलोर जोड़ों सो बागे
चीनी निर्माता प्रत्यक्ष बिक्री पांच सितारा होटल थिकनेड मखमल बागे जोड़ों किमोनो मखमल बाथरोब
प्रत्यक्ष बिक्री स्टार होटल बाथरोब शुद्ध कपास सफेद कट मखमल कपड़े शरद ऋतु और सर्दियों जोड़ों मखमल बागे
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At a Glance
This portable synthetic material can be applied in the field to treat the tissue necrosis associated with snake bites. It has potential first aid applications in both humans and animals.
Tech ID: 27370
POLYMER THERAPEUTICS – A Portable Synthetic Material For Treating Venom-Induced Tissue Necrosis
- Prof. Ken Shea, Department of Chemistry,School of Physical Science
- Jeffrey O’Brien, Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences
- Hydrogel in synthetic material may reduce rate of tissue necrosis
- Can be applied in rural areas in the field, and has the potential to save lives and prevent disabilities
Of the 4.5 million snake bites that occur annually, 2.7 million are considered serious; over 100,000 people die, mostly in developing countries. Snake bites can lead to tissue necrosis, increasing the likelihood of lasting damage and disability. Snakebites generally occur in rural areas that lack treatment facilities. Snakebites are currently treated by serotherapy, in which serum is administered from an immunized animal. This requires knowledge of the specific antibody needed and access to a treatment facility.
Professor Ken Shea’s lab at UCI assembled polymer building blocks into porous nanoparticles that can bind to a wide range of toxins and PLA2 proteins, creating a synthetic material to treat tissue necrosis resulting from snakebites. The material contains a proprietary hydrogel, previously shown to sequester phospholipase A2 (PLA2), a major contributor to tissue necrosis. Poisonous snakes produce a wide variety of PLA2 proteins. This invention could potentially slow the rate of tissue necrosis, buying time for snakebite victims to reach treatment. The material offers greater versatility, storage, and shelf life than current anti-toxin methods, and creates the basis for a future platform that could convey a variety of anti-toxin therapeutics.
Treating human snakebite victims and high-value livestock.
State of Development
In vitro testing demonstrated that this hydrogel formulation can sequester PLA2 proteins, a major contributor to tissue necrosis.
Patent Status: Patent Pending
About the Lead Inventors
Kenneth Shea is Professor of Chemistry in the School of Physical Sciences. His laboratory investigates the development and use of synthetic polymer antibodies for a range of biomolecules. Shea’s research focuses on synthetic, organic, polymer and materials chemistry with programs in synthetic methodology, new polymerization reactions, and polymer hydrogel nanoparticles. Jeff O’Brien is a doctoral student in the School of Physical Sciences.
Licensing officer: Maria Tkachuk email: [email protected]
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What Does linear equations Mean?
On the list of big things in mathematics education is instructing math for knowledge. I am not sure what people imply if they claim that.
Start by expanding the binomial expression, combine like terms, transfer almost everything to your still left, aspect the ensuing trinomial and established Every variable equal to zero to unravel for
We then went on to solve it employing "elimination" ... but we can easily solve it applying Matrices! Employing Matrices makes lifetime much easier because we can use a computer program (such as the Matrix Calculator) to do all of the "selection crunching".
You will find there's close connection in between the alternatives to your linear procedure as well as solutions to your corresponding homogeneous system:
In this method, We'll fix one of the equations for one of many variables that can be with regard to other variable and substitute this into the opposite equation.
I launched the substitution match the initial Assembly. Why? It is less complicated to be aware of complicated equations if you've crafted them yourself. You receive to grasp their "tricks".
Substitution will work well for solving systems of equations once the equations are on The easy side. But when equations get extra difficult, a greater way to resolve system is by combining equations. As an example:
A web based dictionary with get more info properly-explained definitions and solved examples which are easy to know. A helpful listing of relative terms is usually supplied for easy reference. All the data you need is true at your fingertips
(Clicking on "Faucet to look at measures" on the widget's answer monitor will just take you for the Mathway web site to get a compensated upgrade.)
This is a good solving systems of linear equations by substitution examples example mainly because I have two tips on how to technique the issue. The variables x and get more info y both equally have constructive a single (+1) more info as their coefficients. This suggests I'm able to click here go either way.
Even so (warning!), I have listened to that some instructors insist which the variable be put on the left-hand side from the equation in the ultimate reply
In this problem, it is possible to isolate the y on the top equation and do precisely the same issue for x at the bottom equation. Do some scratch work and it must produce a good deal much more sense.
The final matrix is in diminished row echelon sort, and represents the technique x = −fifteen, y = 8, z = two. A comparison with the example inside the previous part around the algebraic elimination of variables exhibits that both of these techniques are in reality a similar; the primary difference lies in how the computations are composed down. Cramer's rule
What is the difference between a non-homogeneous equation as well as a quadratic equation in linear algebra?
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- Subject(s):English Literature
- Author(s):Geoffrey Chaucer, David Kirkham, Valerie Allen
- Available from: May 2016
Six-hundred-year-old tales with modern relevance.
Send a Query×
This stunning full-colour edition from the bestselling Cambridge School Chaucer series explores the complete text of The Wife of Bath’s Prologue and Tale through a wide range of classroom-tested activities and illustrated information, including a map of the Canterbury pilgrimage, a running synopsis of the action, an explanation of unfamiliar words and suggestions for study. Cambridge School Chaucer makes medieval life and language more accessible, helping students appreciate Chaucer’s brilliant characters, his wit, sense of irony and love of controversy.
A running synopsis is included at the top of every page of the poem, providing a useful summary of the text.
Glossaries aligned with the text providing clear explanation of key terms for ease of reference.
Classroom activities, full-colour images and notes are included next to each page of the poem providing opportunities to discuss the characters, attitudes and provocative themes included in the Canterbury Tales.
Includes full-colour illustrated information on Chaucer’s world including a map of the Canterbury pilgrimage.
Includes sections about the Canterbury Tales, Chaucer’s pilgrims, medieval England and Chaucer’s language, all aiding understanding of Middle English life and language.
Uses the text of the poem established by James Winny in Selected Tales from Chaucer.
- What are the Canterbury Tales?
- Chaucer's language
- The Wife of Bath's contribution
- Text and notes: The portrait of the Wife of Bath (from The General Prologue)
- The Wife of Bath's prologue
- The Wife of Bath's tale
- The tale told by the Wife of Bath
- Chaucer's pilgrims
- Pilgrims and pilgrimages
- Geoffrey Chaucer
- Marriage or virginity?
- The status of women in the fourteenth century
- The role of the Church
- Themes in the Wife of Bath's Prologue and Tale
- Glossary of frequently used words
Thank you for your feedback which will help us improve our service.
If you requested a response, we will make sure to get back to you shortly.×
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Precision Bending Tool
Customers can use precision bending tool for making variety of profile shapes. They can profitably perform simple to complex bending jobs using this tool. We, at R. K. Engineers consider research & development an important process in the tool technology department. At our computer-controlled manufacturing systems, bending tools are developed to guarantee high precision and better quality consistently. Precision bending tool can be used to bend material, which must be confined or supported during the bending operation.
- The tool has resistance against corrosion and impact
- Each tool we deliver has superior finish
- The life of the tool is long
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import tensorflow as tf
from ionotomo.settings import TFSettings
class Pipeline(object):
def __init__(self):
self.placeholders = {}
self.results = {}
self.current_graph = None
self.graphs = {}
def add_graph(self,name, graph = None):
if graph is None:
self.graphs[name] = tf.Graph()
else:
self.graphs[name] = graph
self.set_current_graph(name)
def set_current_graph(self,graph_name):
assert graph_name in self.graphs.keys()
self.current_graph = graph_name
def get_graph(self,graph_name = None):
if graph_name is not None:
assert graph_name in self.graphs.keys()
graph = self.graphs[graph_name]
else:
assert self.current_graph is not None, "No graph set"
graph = self.graphs[self.current_graph]
return graph
def _remove_nans_complex(self,a):
real = tf.real(a)
imag = tf.imag(a)
real = tf.where(tf.is_nan(real), tf.zeros_like(real), real)
imag = tf.where(tf.is_nan(imag), tf.zeros_like(imag), imag)
return tf.cast(real,a.dtype) + 1j*tf.cast(imag,a.dtype)
def add_variable(self,name, shape=(), init_value=None, dtype = TFSettings.tf_float,trainable=False,persistent=True,graph_name=None,remove_nans=False):
"""Add to graph given by graph_name or self.current_graph
a variable with initializer if persistent is True, or just a placeholder if False"""
with self.get_graph(graph_name).as_default():
if persistent:
assert init_value is not None
init = tf.placeholder(shape=init_value.shape,dtype=dtype,name="{}_init".format(name))
if remove_nans:
if init.dtype in [tf.complex64, tf.complex128]:
var = tf.get_variable(name,
initializer=self._remove_nans_complex(init),
trainable=trainable)
else:
var = tf.get_variable(name,
initializer=tf.where(tf.is_nan(init),tf.zeros_like(init),init),
trainable=trainable)
else:
var = tf.get_variable(name,initializer=init,trainable=trainable)
self.placeholders[name] = (init,var,init_value)
return var
else:
var = tf.placeholder(shape=shape,dtype=dtype,name="{}".format(name))
self.placeholders[name] = (var,None,None)
return var
def initialize_graph(self,sess,graph_name=None):
inits = self.get_initializers(graph_name)
with self.get_graph(graph_name).as_default():
sess.run(tf.global_variables_initializer(), feed_dict = inits)
def run_graph(self,inputs,sess,graph_name=None):
results = self.get_result(graph_name)
#print(results)
inputs_graph = self.get_inputs(graph_name)
if isinstance(inputs,dict):
feed_dict = {inputs_graph[name] : inputs[name] for name in inputs}
with self.get_graph(graph_name).as_default():
res = sess.run(results, feed_dict = inputs)
return res
def get_inputs(self,graph_name=None):
g = self.get_graph(graph_name)
with g.as_default():
inputs = {}
for name in self.placeholders:
if self.placeholders[name][1] is None:
if g.is_fetchable(self.placeholders[name][0]):
inputs[self.placeholders[name][0]] = self.placeholders[name][2]
return inputs
def get_initializers(self,graph_name=None):
g = self.get_graph(graph_name)
with g.as_default():
inits = {}
for name in self.placeholders:
if self.placeholders[name][1] is not None:
if g.is_fetchable(self.placeholders[name][0]):
inits[self.placeholders[name][0]] = self.placeholders[name][2]
return inits
def store_ops(self, ops, names, model_scope = "", graph_name=None):
assert len(ops) == len(names)
g = self.get_graph(graph_name)
with g.as_default():
for op,name in zip(ops,names):
tf.add_to_collection(model_scope+name, op)
def grab_ops(self,names, model_scope = "", graph_name = None):
g = self.get_graph(graph_name)
with g.as_default():
ops = []
for name in names:
ops.append(tf.get_collection(model_scope+name)[0])
return ops
def add_result(self,name,result):
"""Add a tensor or op as result with given name"""
self.results[name] = result
def get_result(self,graph_name=None):
g = self.get_graph(graph_name)
with g.as_default():
res = {}
for key in self.results:
if g.is_fetchable(self.results[key]):
res[key] = self.results[key]
return res
from ionotomo import *
from ionotomo.settings import *
def test_pipeline():
import tensorflow as tf
import numpy as np
from ionotomo.tomography.linear_operators import TECForwardEquation
import astropy.coordinates as ac
import astropy.units as au
import astropy.time as at
from ionotomo.tomography.model import calc_rays_and_initial_model
datapack = generate_example_datapack()
antennas,_ = datapack.get_antennas(-1)
times, _ = datapack.get_times(-1)
directions, _ = datapack.get_directions(-1)
rays, grid, model = calc_rays_and_initial_model(antennas,directions,times,
zmax=1000.,res_n=201,spacing=10.)
pipeline = Pipeline()
graph = pipeline.get_graph()
with graph.as_default():
with tf.name_scope("simulate_tec"):
_rays = pipeline.add_variable('rays',init_value=rays)
_grid = [pipeline.add_variable('grid{}'.format(i), init_value=grid[i]) for i in range(len(grid))]
_model = pipeline.add_variable('model',init_value=model)
integrator = TECForwardEquation(0,_grid,_model,_rays)
tec = integrator.matmul(tf.ones_like(_model))/1e13
pipeline.add_result('tec',tec)
sess = tf.Session()
pipeline.initialize_graph(sess)
res = pipeline.run_graph(None,sess)
sess.close()
print(res)
if __name__ == '__main__':
test_pipeline()
|
Does Herbie the Musical Skinstrument Really Work?
The Herbie the Musical Skinstrument is said to add music or sounds whenever a person touches another person that is also holding the device. It promises to have a different sound each time a touch on the skin occurs. From different sound effects to recognizable tunes, the Herbie is meant to add fun in doing activities such as fist bumps and high fives. The Herbie the Musical Skinstrument claims to provide hours of interactive fun at parties or simple get-togethers, making touching seem like playing a classical piano piece. This device can be used by individuals of any age group, making it an ideal item for games that promote interaction between kids, teenagers, or adults since the Herbie Skinstrument can be used by up to 12 people at a time.
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from django import forms
class LoginForm(forms.Form):
username = forms.CharField()
password = forms.CharField(widget=forms.PasswordInput)
|
क्बसे पेपर लीक: अधिकारी निलंबित, रिमांड पर तीन आरोपी - बिग न्यूज
क्बसे पेपर लीक: अधिकारी निलंबित, रिमांड पर तीन आरोपी
नई दिल्ली (जेएनएन)। केंद्रीय माध्यमिक शिक्षा बोर्ड (सीबीएसई) की १०वीं गणित और १२वीं अर्थशास्त्र पेपर लीक मामले की जांच तेज हो गई है। मामले में सीबीएसई का एक अधिकारी निलंबित कर दिया गया है। जबकि क्राइम ब्रांच की एसआइटी ने बवाना स्थित पब्लिक स्कूल के दो शिक्षकों और कोचिंग सेंटर के ट्यूटर को गिरफ्तार किया है। मानव संसाधन विकास मंत्रालय के सचिव अनिल स्वरूप ट्वीट कर इसकी जानकारी दी है। अनिल स्वरूप ने ट्वीट कर लिखा मानव संसाधन मंत्री प्रकाश जावड़ेकर ने इस मामले में दोषियों पर तेजी से कार्रवाई करने का निर्देश दिया है। बोर्ड ने एग्जाम सेंटर (०८५९) पर लापरवाही बरतने के लिए अधिकारी केएस राणा को तत्काल प्रभाव से निलंबित कर दिया है। साथ ही मामले में बोर्ड ने फॉर्मल जांच भी बिठाई है।
क्राइम ब्रांच का दावा है कि आरोपित शिक्षक ऋषभ और रोहित कई सालों से स्कूल में परीक्षा शुरू होने से करीब एक घंटा पहले प्रश्नपत्र का फोटो खींचकर उसे वाट्सएप पर ट्यूटर तौकीर को भेज देते थे। तौकीर उक्त प्रश्नपत्र को अपने कोचिंग सेंटर के खास विद्यार्थियों को वाट्सएप पर भेजता था। बताया जा रहा है कि परीक्षा शुरू होने के ठीक आधे पहले ही पेपर खोल दिए और फिर उसे वाट्सएप पर वायरल कर दिया।
हालांकि क्राइम ब्रांच को अभी तीनों आरोपितों से केवल २६ मार्च को १२वीं अर्थशास्त्र का पेपर परीक्षा शुरू होने से करीब एक घंटा पहले वाट्सएप पर लीक करने के सुबूत मिले हैं। इन्हें कड़कड़डूमा कोर्ट में पेश कर पूछताछ के लिए दो दिनों की रिमांड पर लिया गया है।
एसआइटी का नेतृत्व कर रहे क्राइम ब्रांच के संयुक्त आयुक्त आलोक कुमार के मुताबिक, आरोपितों के नाम तौकीर (२६), ऋषभ (२९) व रोहित (२६) हैं। तौकीर जेजे कॉलोनी, बवाना का रहने वाला है। उसने ही १२वीं अर्थशास्त्र का पेपर परीक्षा शुरू होने से एक घंटा पहले वाट्सएप पर एक छात्र को भेज दिया था।
उक्त लीक में अधिक फायदा नहीं उठा सकते हैं छात्र
पुलिस क्राइम ब्रांच का कहना है कि यह बात दीगर है कि एक घंटा पहले छात्रों को पेपर मिल जाने पर वे इसका कितना फायदा उठा पाए हों? मेधावी छात्र ही इतने कम समय में कुछ फायदा उठा सकते हैं, कमजोर छात्रों के लिए फायदा उठा पाना मुश्किल है।
इस दौरान अधिकतर विद्यार्थी स्कूल पहुंचने के रास्ते में होते हैं। १५ मिनट पहले सेंटर पर आने की भी हिदायत होती है। जाम में फंसने की आशंका के मद्देनजर विद्यार्थी कुछ समय पहले घरों से निकलते हैं इसलिए पुलिस का मानना है कि उक्त पेपर लीक का छात्र ज्यादा फायदा नहीं उठा सकते हैं।
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Do you want to be TEFL or TESOL-certified and teach in Gongyeyuanqu? Are you interested in teaching English in Baotou Shi? Check out ITTT’s online and in-class courses, Become certified to Teach English as a Foreign Language and start teaching English ONLINE or abroad! ITTT offers a wide variety of Online TEFL Courses and a great number of opportunities for English Teachers and for Teachers of English as a Second Language.
ESSAY TOPIC: DISCIPLINE IN THE CLASSROOM. TITLE: The Different Approaches to Classroom Discipline. INTRODUCTION. This essay focuses on discipline in the classroom, the styles and approaches to discipline, Importance of discipline in the classroom and maintaining classroom discipline. Additionally, I listed steps to follow to implement an effective discipline and factors affecting classroom discipline. Discipline is a key component to effective class management. The foremost duty of the school is to teach discipline to their students because discipline is the key-point of all success and is the most useful quality. It involves obedience. A disciplined man acts strictly in obedience to law and order or principle or an approved formula. The students should conduct in a disciplined manner, they should obey the rules and regulations of the school and the directions of their teachers. Many toppers of any fields follow their study routine in very much discipline way; because of this, their level of intelligence and grip on maximum subjects remains always on top. However, discipline does not mean strictly the withdrawal of personal liberty and authority; on the other hand, it provides one with the guideline to use its freedom in a right manner. A disciplined student can achieve success. Similarly, a teacher without discipline in his life cannot be an ideal teacher. What is discipline? In the classroom, discipline refers to the strategies a teacher uses to manage student behaviors and attitudes during instructional time. In the field of child development, discipline refers to methods of modeling character, teaching self-control and acceptable behavior. In school education, Discipline is a set of rules and regulations that remind us of the proper code of behavior. Nevertheless, discipline is not only important for school students but for everyone. Discipline is a self- improvement practice. It is what helps us all to achieve our goals in life. A teacher who uses consistent discipline strategies exhibits more effective classroom management than an inconsistent teacher. Though teachers usually develop their own styles of discipline for their classrooms, most discipline strategies can be categorized into three main types or approaches according to the book, ‘Building Classroom Discipline: Sixth Edition’; namely preventive, supportive and corrective discipline. Preventive Discipline are the measures many educators take to avert misbehavior by keeping students engaged. We believe that the best way to prevent classroom misbehavior is to provide a stimulating curriculum that involves students so successfully that they spend little time thinking of misbehaving. Supportive Discipline: Supportive discipline is distinct from punishment in that it provides a student with suggestions and options for correcting a behavior before a consequence is necessary. For example, if a student is wandering around the class after a teacher has announced it is time to sit down, the teacher may say, "I made the announcement that it is time to sit down. Find your seat so we can get started or I will need to hold you after class." The Teacher has given the student the option to accept or avoid further punishment; the behaviour has been redirected through a teacher's supportive discipline strategy. Therefore, redirection and nonverbal communication are all examples of supportive discipline. Corrective Discipline: when a student has failed to redirect her behavior after repeated attempts at supportive discipline, a teacher may opt for a corrective discipline strategy. Corrective discipline refers to the set of consequences delivered to students following an infraction. There is a wide degree of variation among corrective discipline strategies, some more effective than others are. For example, engaging in a verbal altercation with a student is a corrective discipline technique, but it may escalate a volatile situation and undermine your authority as a teacher and leader. Corrective discipline strategies should be adapted to the students' age or grade level; though placing students in a time out may be effective for kindergarten, high school students are much less likely to comply with such provisions. Consistent application of consequences is an essential component of corrective discipline strategies. Importance of classroom discipline. Discipline is essential in maintaining a great learning environment in school. It develops the students into strong individuals. It commands respect for a disciplined teacher. It leads to the social development of a child and gives them a teaching of a lifetime. We need Discipline because it brings stability and structure into a person's life. If there were no discipline, people would do whatever they wanted and make mistakes without putting the consideration of others primarily. It promotes good human behavior to better society and make it a more enjoyable place for everyone to live. Maintaining Classroom Discipline. To maintain discipline in the classroom, the teacher has to: • Know school guidelines for discipline procedures. • Be fair, positive and consistent. • Provide a list of standards and consequences to parents and students. • Keep his/her classroom orderly. • Get to know his/her students. • Let the students know he/she cares. • Treat students with the same respect he/she expect from them; keep confidences. Steps to follow to implement an effective discipline in classroom: • Develop a Code of Conduct. • Teach the behaviors you want your students to demonstrate. • Practice the skills often. • Be consistent. • Correct your students when they are not demonstrating the behavior. • Provide active supervision. Factors affecting Discipline in the Classroom: • Lack of Leadership in Teacher. • The Current Education System. • Lack of Sustaining Ideal in the Students. • Economic Difficulties. • Lack of Communication. • Disruptive behavior of the teacher CONCLUSION While the word discipline seems negative, the goal of using discipline is to teach students boundaries and limits to help students achieve personal and academic life goals. Without discipline, learning cannot be accomplished. If students constantly disrupt the teacher, the others in class are affected. However, discipline is not learned in a day. It takes years to acquire this trait and the best time to learn discipline is right from childhood. That is why schools play a crucial role in imparting discipline and creating well-balanced individuals.
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Advanced Education App
We created an advanced education application that covers teachers and pupils needs. It allows teachers to create customized maps, education boards and timelines with additional interactive elements. Thanks to shapes/images recognition and images cutting, rasterization & optimization on the server side – it makes the app light-weight and suitable for the internet connection.
Interactive Points & Timelines
For educational purposes maps are designed in a way that teachers can add interactive elements containing extended information about a given object. For the type of maps containing different data in time, the possibility of generating an active timeline.
Maps & Boards Creator
Each teacher using the app management panel can prepare an individual version of maps and educational board to cover particular subject. The panel allows teacher to adjust displayed elements to lesson plans and prepare engaging classes for pupils.
Intuitive app management panel allows users to upload & display additional content, such as videos, audio files, photos, galleries and extended information about selected locations and interactive points.
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USA - FDA to protect important class of antimicrobial drugs for treating human illness
Agency issues order prohibiting certain uses in major species food-producing animals
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today issued an order that prohibits certain uses of the cephalosporin class of antimicrobial drugs in cattle, swine, chickens and turkeys effective April 5, 2012.
Antimicrobial drugs are important for treating disease in both humans and animals. This new order takes into consideration the substantial public comment FDA received on a similar order that it issued in 2008, but revoked prior to implementation.
FDA said it is taking this action to preserve the effectiveness of cephalosporin drugs for treating disease in humans. Prohibiting these uses is intended to reduce the risk of cephalosporin resistance in certain bacterial pathogens.
Cephalosporins are commonly used in humans to treat pneumonia as well as to treat skin and soft tissue infections. In addition, they are used in the treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease, diabetic foot infections, and urinary tract infections. If cephalosporins are not effective in treating these diseases, doctors may have to use drugs that are not as effective or that have greater side effects.
In its order, FDA is prohibiting extralabel uses of cephalosporins in cattle, swine, chickens and turkeys, the major species of food-producing animals. Specifically, the prohibited uses include:
using cephalosporin drugs at unapproved dose levels, frequencies, durations, or routes of administration;
using cephalosporin drugs in cattle, swine, chickens or turkeys that are not approved for use in that species (e.g., cephalosporin drugs intended for humans or companion animals);
using cephalosporin drugs for disease prevention.
In 2008, FDA issued and then revoked an order that prohibited extralabel uses of cephalosporins in food-producing animals with no exceptions. Today’s announcement responds to public comment and includes the following exceptions, which protect public health while considering animal health needs:
The order does not limit the use of cephapirin, an older cephalosporin drug that is not believed by FDA to contribute significantly to antimicrobial resistance.
Veterinarians will still be able to use or prescribe cephalosporins for limited extra-label use in cattle, swine, chickens or turkeys as long as they follow the dose, frequency, duration, and route of administration that is on the label.
Veterinarians may also use or prescribe cephalosporins for extralabel uses in minor species of food-producing animals such as ducks or rabbits.
"We believe this is an imperative step in preserving the effectiveness of this class of important antimicrobials that takes into account the need to protect the health of both humans and animals," said Michael R. Taylor, Deputy Commissioner for Foods.
The new order of prohibition has a comment period that will begin on Jan. 6, 2012 and close on March 6, 2012. To comment on the order of prohibition, visit www.regulations.gov and enter FDA-2008-N-0326 in the keyword box. Following the comment period, the FDA will consider the comments prior to the order of prohibition going into effect on April 5, 2012.
Questions and Answers on FDA's Cephalosporin Order of Prohibition
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LESSON 8
SELECTION BIAS
8-1 Selection Bias
Selection bias - systematic error in how subjects are selected into a study or loss of subjects
Selection Bias in Different Study Designs
Examples of selection bias provided –
· Case-control example – L-tryptophan and EMS, publicity may have increased likelihood that those taking L-tryptophan would be diagnosed/reported
· Clinical trial example – loss to follow-up differs in one treatment group compared to another
· Cross-sectional example – selective survival
Example of Selection Bias in Cohort Studies
· The primary sources of such selection bias are loss-to-follow-up, withdrawal or non-response.
Consider table that describes the five-year follow-up for disease in a population.
10% random sample from this population:
RR = 3.0; no bias
Assume initial cohort obtained from 10% sampling. However:
· 20% of exposed persons lost to follow-up
· 10% of unexposed persons are lost
· assume lost to follow-up not affected by disease status
RR = 3; no bias
Suppose that a different pattern of loss-to follow-up results in the two-way table shown here.
Other Examples
v Selection bias – so-called “healthy worker effect” - workers tend to be healthier than general population.
v Selection bias - using volunteers, may have different characteristics from persons who do not volunteer.
v Clinic-based studies frequently suffer from selection bias because their patients tend to have more severe illness than persons in a population-based sample.
8-2 Selection Bias (continued)
Selection Ratios and Selection Probabilities
1. What are alpha, beta, gamma, and delta for these data?
alpha α = 12/150 = .08
beta β = 4.5/50 = .09
gamma γ = 88/9850 = .08
delta δ = 895.5/9950 = .09
Selection Probabilities
E D α= 12/150 = .08 β= .09 γ= .08 δ=.09
2. Is there selection bias in either the odds ratio or the risk ratio?
No
3. Cross-product of selection probabilities?
OR=3.03 =4.00
E D α= .093 β= .08 γ= .08 δ=.09
Why is this important? Need to think about these probabilities in a study and how they would impact the results.
Quantitative Assessment of Selection Bias
Selection bias and the odds ratio.
Estimate of is biased when study population ORo is meaningfully different from source population OR.
Rule for assessing selection bias in the odds ratio
The bias is either > 0, = 0, or < 0 depending on whether the cross product ratio of selection probabilities is > 1, = 1, or < 1.
Selection Bias for Risk Ratio
The cross-product of selection ratios [(αδ)/(βγ)] used for the OR can be used to assess bias for the RR when disease is rare.
Works fine in this example:
Not so well in this example:
Some examples of Selection given for Case-Control, Cohort, and Cross-Sectional studies
8-4 Selection Bias (continued)
What Can Be Done About Selection Bias Quantitatively?
Let’s not worry about the math in this section.
If selection probabilities or ratio of certain selection probabilities can be estimate, it is possible to calculate an “adjusted” or “corrected” odds ratio and/or risk ratio.
What Can Be Done About Selection Bias Qualitatively?
Selection probabilities usually not known
Prevent/minimize selection bias when designing study
Case-control studies – select controls representative of source that produced cases is an important issue. Some may select 2 or more control groups.
To minimize selection bias in case-control studies:
Use incident cases (rather than prevalent)
Use population-based design rather than hospital-based
To minimize selection bias in cohort studies
High response
Minimize loss-to-follow-up
In Discussion section of manuscript, address possible selection bias
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import string
from typing import Any, Optional
from normality.cleaning import collapse_spaces, category_replace
from normality.constants import SLUG_CATEGORIES, WS
from normality.transliteration import latinize_text
from normality.stringify import stringify
VALID_CHARS = string.ascii_lowercase + string.digits + WS
def slugify(value: Any, sep: str = "-") -> Optional[str]:
"""A simple slug generator. Slugs are pure ASCII lowercase strings
that can be used in URLs an other places where a name has to be
machine-safe."""
text = stringify(value)
if text is None:
return None
text = text.replace(sep, WS)
# run this first because it'll give better results on special
# characters.
text = category_replace(text, SLUG_CATEGORIES)
text = latinize_text(text, ascii=True)
if text is None:
return None
text = text.lower()
text = "".join([c for c in text if c in VALID_CHARS])
text = collapse_spaces(text)
if text is None or len(text) == 0:
return None
return text.replace(WS, sep)
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This recipe can be prepared in 45 minutes or less.
- Serves 20 generously
- For Caesar mayonnaise
- 1/2 cup packed fresh flat-leafed parsley leaves
- 2 teaspoons minced garlic
- 1/4 teaspoon salt
- 1 cup mayonnaise
- 1 cup freshly grated Parmesan (about 3 ounces)
- 1 teaspoon mashed drained anchovy fillet, or to taste
- 3 tablespoons fresh lemon juice
- freshly ground black pepper to taste
- 1 pound green beans
- 1 pound wax beans
- 1 pound purple beans*
- 6 bunches assorted red and white radishes with tops*
- *available at specialty produce markets and some specialty foods shops
- Make Caesar mayonnaise:
- Chop parsley and mash garlic to a paste with salt. In a bowl stir together parsley, garlic paste, and remaining mayonnaise ingredients and season with salt if necessary. Mayonnaise may be made 1 week ahead and chilled, covered.
- Trim beans and have ready a large bowl of ice and cold water. In a large kettle of boiling salted water blanch green beans and wax beans separately 2 minutes, or until colors brighten but beans are still crisp, transferring to ice water to stop cooking. (Do not blanch purple beans or they will lose their color.) Drain beans and pat dry. Beans may be blanched 1 day ahead and chilled in sealable plastic bags.
- Trim radishes, leaving some small green leaves attached.
- Serve crudités with mayonnaise.
- Carbohydrates6 g(2%)
- Fat10 g(16%)
- Protein3 g(6%)
- Saturated Fat1 g(4%)
- Sodium174 mg(7%)
- Polyunsaturated Fat0 g
- Fiber3 g(11%)
- Monounsaturated Fat0 g
- Cholesterol7 mg(2%)
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Children�s Heartburn: What Causes Pediatric GERD?
Your family has just finished dinner when someone at the table starts feeling a burning sensation in their chest. It is not your spouse or Aunt Mabel, but your child. The burning sensation, or heartburn, is one symptom of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
GERD happens when acid and food flow back up from the stomach and into the esophagus (the tube that connects the mouth to the stomach), potentially damaging the esophagus. GERD can cause chronic problems, such as regurgitation or respiratory problems.
Although symptoms are similar, this is not to be confused with gastroesphageal reflux (GER). GER is common in infants and children. It eventually goes away on its own without treatment.
According to a study in The American Journal of Gastroenterology, children with GERD may be at risk for having this condition as an adult, as well. Fortunately, researchers say that detecting and treating GERD during childhood may result in better outcomes later in life.
GERD is caused by the weakening of a muscle called the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). When you swallow, it contracts to prevent stomach contents from flowing back up, or regurgitating, into the esophagus. Certain foods, medications, and conditions can relax the LES, allowing acid to regurgitate. It may also occur as a result of impaired or absent muscle tone.
If your child has GERD, the doctor may recommend avoiding:
- Spicy, acidic, or tomato-based foods
- Fatty or fried foods
- Citrus products, such as orange juice
- Caffeinated drinks, such as soda, coffee, tea, or hot chocolate
Teenagers should also avoid smoking cigarettes and drinking alcohol, and those with GERD have an added incentive not to. These activities can worsen their symptoms.
Last reviewedSeptember 2013by Michael Woods, MD
Please be aware that this information is provided to supplement the care provided by your physician. It is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. CALL YOUR HEALTHCARE PROVIDER IMMEDIATELY IF YOU THINK YOU MAY HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.
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In great men, two traits go together: strength and control. Power, and the knowledge of how to use that power, and when, and why.
There’s no merit in producing testosterone; but there is great merit, for the whole world, when men learn how to use it, and when they learn how to be in control of it, rather than letting it control them. Great men know when to hold their strength in check, and how to use it for the right things. Great men use their strength to protect.
Photo of boy holding salamander by Simcha Fisher:
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Give someone you trust the power to sign documents, make decisions and take actions on your behalf under these Enduring Power of Attorney Forms for the Republic of Ireland. The package includes the following:
- Prescribed form of Instrument creating Enduring Power of Attorney (Parts A through E).
- Prescribed form of Instrument creating Enduring Power of Attorney for personal care decisions only (Parts A through E).
- Notice of Execution by Donor of Enduring Power.
- Notice of Intention to Apply for Registration.
These Ireland Enduring Power of Attorney forms
are required under the Powers of Attorney Act, 1996, and Regulations, and are provided in PDF format. They can be printed and filled in by hand.
Last Updated: 14-April-2016
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Cronbach's alpha
In statistics (Classical Test Theory), Cronbach's ${\displaystyle \alpha }$ (alpha)[1] is used as a (lowerbound) estimate of the reliability of a psychometric test.
It has been proposed that ${\displaystyle \alpha }$ can be viewed as the expected correlation of two tests that measure the same construct. By using this definition, it is implicitly assumed that the average correlation of a set of items is an accurate estimate of the average correlation of all items that pertain to a certain construct.[2]
Cronbach's ${\displaystyle \alpha }$ is a function of the number of items in a test, the average covariance between item-pairs, and the variance of the total score.
It was first named alpha by Lee Cronbach in 1951, as he had intended to continue with further coefficients. The measure can be viewed as an extension of the Kuder–Richardson Formula 20 (KR-20), which is an equivalent measure for dichotomous items. Alpha is not robust against missing data. Several other Greek letters have been used by later researchers to designate other measures used in a similar context.[3] Somewhat related is the average variance extracted (AVE).
This article discusses the use of ${\displaystyle \alpha }$ in psychology, but Cronbach's alpha statistic is widely used in the social sciences, business, nursing, and other disciplines. The term item is used throughout this article, but items could be anything — questions, raters, indicators — of which one might ask to what extent they "measure the same thing." Items that are manipulated are commonly referred to as variables.
Definition
Suppose that we measure a quantity which is a sum of ${\displaystyle K}$ components (K-items or testlets): ${\displaystyle X=Y_{1}+Y_{2}+\cdots +Y_{K}}$. Cronbach's ${\displaystyle \alpha }$ is defined as
${\displaystyle \alpha ={K \over K-1}\left(1-{\sum _{i=1}^{K}\sigma _{Y_{i}}^{2} \over \sigma _{X}^{2}}\right)}$
where ${\displaystyle \sigma _{X}^{2}}$ is the variance of the observed total test scores, and ${\displaystyle \sigma _{Y_{i}}^{2}}$ the variance of component i for the current sample of persons.[4]
If the items are scored 0 and 1, a shortcut formula is[5]
${\displaystyle \alpha ={K \over K-1}\left(1-{\sum _{i=1}^{K}P_{i}Q_{i} \over \sigma _{X}^{2}}\right)}$
where ${\displaystyle P_{i}}$ is the proportion scoring 1 on item i, and ${\displaystyle Q_{i}=1-P_{i}}$. This is the same as KR-20.
Alternatively, Cronbach's ${\displaystyle \alpha }$ can be defined as
${\displaystyle \alpha ={K{\bar {c}} \over ({\bar {v}}+(K-1){\bar {c}})}}$
where ${\displaystyle K}$ is as above, ${\displaystyle {\bar {v}}}$ the average variance of each component (item), and ${\displaystyle {\bar {c}}}$ the average of all covariances between the components across the current sample of persons (that is, without including the variances of each component).
The standardized Cronbach's alpha can be defined as
${\displaystyle \alpha _{\text{standardized}}={K{\bar {r}} \over (1+(K-1){\bar {r}})}}$
where ${\displaystyle K}$ is as above and ${\displaystyle {\bar {r}}}$ the mean of the ${\displaystyle K(K-1)/2}$ non-redundant correlation coefficients (i.e., the mean of an upper triangular, or lower triangular, correlation matrix).
Cronbach's ${\displaystyle \alpha }$ is related conceptually to the Spearman–Brown prediction formula. Both arise from the basic classical test theory result that the reliability of test scores can be expressed as the ratio of the true-score and total-score (error plus true score) variances:
${\displaystyle \rho _{XX}={\sigma _{T}^{2} \over \sigma _{X}^{2}}}$
The theoretical value of alpha varies from zero to 1, since it is the ratio of two variances. However, depending on the estimation procedure used, estimates of alpha can take on any value less than or equal to 1, including negative values, although only positive values make sense.[6] Higher values of alpha are more desirable. Some professionals,[7] as a rule of thumb, require a reliability of 0.70 or higher (obtained on a substantial sample) before they will use an instrument. Obviously, this rule should be applied with caution when ${\displaystyle \alpha }$ has been computed from items that systematically violate its assumptions.Template:Specify Furthermore, the appropriate degree of reliability depends upon the use of the instrument. For example, an instrument designed to be used as part of a battery of tests may be intentionally designed to be as short as possible, and therefore somewhat less reliable. Other situations may require extremely precise measures with very high reliabilities. In the extreme case of a two-item test, the Spearman–Brown prediction formula is more appropriate than Cronbach's alpha.[8]
This has resulted in a wide variance of test reliability. In the case of psychometric tests, most fall within the range of 0.75 to 0.83 with at least one claiming a Cronbach's alpha above 0.90 (Nunnally 1978, page 245–246).
Internal consistency
{{#invoke:main|main}} Cronbach's alpha will generally increase as the intercorrelations among test items increase, and is thus known as an internal consistency estimate of reliability of test scores. Because intercorrelations among test items are maximized when all items measure the same construct, Cronbach's alpha is widely believed to indirectly indicate the degree to which a set of items measures a single unidimensional latent construct. It is easy to show, however, that tests with the same test length and variance, but different underlying factorial structures can result in the same values of Cronbach's alpha. Indeed, several investigators have shown that alpha can take on quite high values even when the set of items measures several unrelated latent constructs.[9][1][10][11][12][13] As a result, alpha is most appropriately used when the items measure different substantive areas within a single construct. When the set of items measures more than one construct, coefficient omega_hierarchical is more appropriate.[14][15][16]
Alpha treats any covariance among items as true-score variance, even if items covary for spurious reasons. For example, alpha can be artificially inflated by making scales which consist of superficial changes to the wording within a set of items or by analyzing speeded tests.
A commonly accepted{{ safesubst:#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |\$B= {{#invoke:Category handler|main}}{{#invoke:Category handler|main}}[citation needed] }} rule for describing internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha is as follows,[17][18] however, a greater number of items in the test can artificially inflate the value of alpha[9] and a sample with a narrow range can deflate it, so this rule should be used with caution:
Cronbach's alpha Internal consistency
α ≥ 0.9 Excellent (High-Stakes testing)
0.7 ≤ α < 0.9 Good (Low-Stakes testing)
0.6 ≤ α < 0.7 Acceptable
0.5 ≤ α < 0.6 Poor
α < 0.5 Unacceptable
Generalizability theory
Cronbach and others generalized some basic assumptions of classical test theory in their generalizability theory. If this theory is applied to test construction, then it is assumed that the items that constitute the test are a random sample from a larger universe of items. The expected score of a person in the universe is called the universe score, analogous to a true score. The generalizability is defined analogously as the variance of the universe scores divided by the variance of the observable scores, analogous to the concept of reliability in classical test theory. In this theory, Cronbach's alpha is an unbiased estimate of the generalizability. For this to be true the assumptions of essential ${\displaystyle \tau }$-equivalence or parallelness are not needed. Consequently, Cronbach's alpha can be viewed as a measure of how well the sum score on the selected items capture the expected score in the entire domain, even if that domain is heterogeneous.
Intra-class correlation
Cronbach's alpha is said to be equal to the stepped-up consistency version of the intra-class correlation coefficient, which is commonly used in observational studies. But this is only conditionally true. In terms of variance components, this condition is, for item sampling: if and only if the value of the item (rater, in the case of rating) variance component equals zero. If this variance component is negative, alpha will underestimate the stepped-up intra-class correlation coefficient; if this variance component is positive, alpha will overestimate this stepped-up intra-class correlation coefficient.
Factor analysis
Cronbach's alpha also has a theoretical relation with factor analysis. As shown by Zinbarg, Revelle, Yovel and Li,[15] alpha may be expressed as a function of the parameters of the hierarchical factor analysis model which allows for a general factor that is common to all of the items of a measure in addition to group factors that are common to some but not all of the items of a measure. Alpha may be seen to be quite complexly determined from this perspective. That is, alpha is sensitive not only to general factor saturation in a scale but also to group factor saturation and even to variance in the scale scores arising from variability in the factor loadings. Coefficient omega_hierarchical[14][15] has a much more straightforward interpretation as the proportion of observed variance in the scale scores that is due to the general factor common to all of the items comprising the scale.
Notes
1. {{#invoke:Citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=journal }}
2. Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Assessment of Reliability. In: Psychometric Theory (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
3. {{#invoke:Citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=journal }}
4. {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=book }}
5. {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=book }}
6. Ritter, N. (2010). "Understanding a widely misunderstood statistic: Cronbach's alpha". Paper presented at Southwestern Educational Research Association (SERA) Conference 2010: New Orleans, LA (ED526237).
7. {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=book }}
8. {{#invoke:Citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=journal }}
9. Cortina, J.M. (1993). What is coefficient alpha? An examination of theory and applications" Journal of Applied Psychology 78, 98–104.
10. {{#invoke:Citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=journal }}
11. {{#invoke:Citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=journal }}
12. {{#invoke:Citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=journal }}
13. {{#invoke:Citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=journal }}
14. {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=book }}
15. {{#invoke:Citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=journal }}
16. Dunn, T. J., Baguley, T. and Brunsden, V. (2013), From alpha to omega: A practical solution to the pervasive problem of internal consistency estimation. British Journal of Psychology. doi: 10.1111/bjop.12046
17. George, D., & Mallery, P. (2003). SPSS for Windows step by step: A simple guide and reference. 11.0 update (4th ed.). Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
18. Kline, P. (2000). The handbook of psychological testing (2nd ed.). London: Routledge, page 13
• Allen, M.J., & Yen, W. M. (2002). Introduction to Measurement Theory. Long Grove, IL: Waveland Press.
• Bland J.M., Altman D.G. (1997). Statistics notes: Cronbach's alpha" BMJ 1997;314:572.
• Bonett, D.G. (2002). Sample size requirements for testing and estimating coefficient alpha. Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics 27, 335-340.
• Bonett, D.G. (2003). Sample size requirements for comparing two alpha reliability coefficients. Applied Psychological Measurement 27, 72-74.
• Bonett, D.G. (2010). Varying coefficient meta-analytic methods for alpha reliability. Psychological Methods 15, 368-385.
• Cronbach, Lee J., and Richard J. Shavelson. (2004). My Current Thoughts on Coefficient Alpha and Successor Procedures. Educational and Psychological Measurement 64, no. 3 (June 1) 391–418. Template:Hide in printTemplate:Only in print.
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# Question: What Is Maximum Hull Speed?
## How do you calculate hull speed?
As a very general rule the maximum speed of any displacement hull–commonly called its hull speed–is governed by a simple formula: hull speed in knots equals 1.34 times the square root of the waterline length in feet (HS = 1.34 x √LWL)..
## What is the most efficient boat hull design?
Nothing’s perfect in life, though, so while the displacement hull is the most efficient, it also has its limitations. The first is that speed potential is primarily a function of hull length. The longer the hull underwater, the faster it can go.
## What does hull speed mean?
displacement speedHull speed or displacement speed is the speed at which the wavelength of a vessel’s bow wave is equal to the waterline length of the vessel. As boat speed increases from rest, the wavelength of the bow wave increases, and usually its crest-to-trough dimension (height) increases as well.
## Can a sailboat go faster than hull speed?
It doesn’t break any rules to go faster than hull speed. If you push beyond the speed limit, the wavelength gets longer than your boat length. No law against that. At this point, most boats start to surf on their own bow wave; nothing wrong with that.
## How fast can a 30 ft sailboat go?
Here are the maximum hull speeds for different monohull lengths:lengthmetersmph40 ft12 m9.865 ft20 m12.480 ft24 m13.8100 ft30 m15.44 more rows
## How fast can a displacement hull go?
roughly 1.34So it seems clear that very efficient displacement hulls can be built with or without chines. As we have discussed, true displacement hulls reach maximum speed at a S/Lratio of roughly 1.34.
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A Deep Phenotype Association Study Reveals Specific Phenotype Associations with Genetic Variants in Age-related Macular Degeneration: Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 (AREDS2) Report No. 14.
PURPOSE: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a multifactorial disease with variable phenotypic presentation, was associated with 52 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at 34 loci in a genome-wide association study (GWAS). These genetic variants could modulate different biological pathways involved in AMD, contributing to phenotypic variability. To better understand the effects of these SNPs, we performed a deep phenotype association study (DeePAS) in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 (AREDS2), followed by replication using AREDS participants, to identify genotype associations with AMD and non-AMD ocular and systemic phenotypes.
DESIGN: Cohort study.
PARTICIPANTS: AREDS and AREDS2 participants.
METHODS: AREDS2 participants (discovery cohort) had detailed phenotyping for AMD; other eye conditions; cardiovascular, neurologic, gastrointestinal, and endocrine disease; cognitive function; serum nutrient levels; and others (total of 139 AMD and non-AMD phenotypes). Genotypes of the 52 GWAS SNPs were obtained. The DeePAS was performed by correlating the 52 SNPs to all phenotypes using logistic and linear regression models. Associations that reached Bonferroni-corrected statistical significance were replicated in AREDS.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Genotype-phenotype associations.
RESULTS: A total of 1776 AREDS2 participants had 5 years follow-up; 1435 AREDS participants had 10 years. The DeePAS revealed a significant association of the rs3750846 SNP at the ARMS2/HTRA1 locus with subretinal/sub-retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) hemorrhage related to neovascular AMD (odds ratio 1.55 [95% confidence interval 1.31-1.84], P = 2.67 × 10). This novel association remained significant after conditioning on participants with neovascular AMD (P = 2.42 × 10). Carriers of rs3750846 had poorer visual acuity during follow-up (P = 6.82 × 10) and were more likely to have a first-degree relative with AMD (P = 5.38 × 10). Two SNPs at the CFH locus, rs10922109 and rs570618, were associated with the drusen area in the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Report (ETDRS) grid (P = 2.29 × 10 and P = 3.20 × 10, respectively) and the center subfield (P = 1.24 × 10 and P = 6.68 × 10, respectively). SNP rs570618 was additionally associated with the presence of calcified drusen (P = 5.38 × 10). Except for positive family history of AMD with rs3750846, all genotype-phenotype associations were significantly replicated in AREDS. No pleiotropic associations were identified.
CONCLUSIONS: The association of the SNP at the ARMS2/HTRA1 locus with subretinal/sub-RPE hemorrhage and poorer visual acuity and of SNPs at the CFH locus with drusen area may provide new insights in pathophysiological pathways underlying different stages of AMD.
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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""Test suite for the TG app's models"""
from __future__ import unicode_literals
from nose.tools import eq_
from scwapi import model
from scwapi.tests.models import ModelTest
class TestGroup(ModelTest):
"""Unit test case for the ``Group`` model."""
klass = model.Group
attrs = dict(
group_name="test_group",
display_name="Test Group"
)
class TestUser(ModelTest):
"""Unit test case for the ``User`` model."""
klass = model.User
attrs = dict(
user_name="ignucius",
email_address="[email protected]"
)
def test_obj_creation_username(self):
"""The obj constructor must set the user name right"""
eq_(self.obj.user_name, "ignucius")
def test_obj_creation_email(self):
"""The obj constructor must set the email right"""
eq_(self.obj.email_address, "[email protected]")
def test_no_permissions_by_default(self):
"""User objects should have no permission by default."""
eq_(len(self.obj.permissions), 0)
def test_getting_by_email(self):
"""Users should be fetcheable by their email addresses"""
him = model.User.by_email_address("[email protected]")
eq_(him, self.obj)
class TestPermission(ModelTest):
"""Unit test case for the ``Permission`` model."""
klass = model.Permission
attrs = dict(
permission_name="test_permission",
description="This is a test Description"
)
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Zebra Healthcare Technology Webinars
Whenever healthcare organizations find their edge, Zebra is there. That is why we hosted a series of webinars with Zebra about how their healthcare technology solutions can help healthcare professionals be more efficient, effective, and empowered to deliver better patient care.
Join us to learn how Zebra mobile health solutions enable provider collaboration, simplify workflows, capture, and access patient information anywhere.
Learn how Zebra’s Workforce Connect can give healthcare workers the power of one device that provides access to patient data and applications, PTT calls, PBX calls, and secure messaging.
In this webinar, we’ll discuss how Zebra patient identity management solutions ensure the right patient gets the right care every time.
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के साथ राष्ट्रीय मतदाता दिवस 25 जनवरी को धूमधाम से मनाया जाएगा। गणतंत्र दिवस के एक दिन पूर्व मतदाता दिवस पर नए वोटरों को मतदाता पहचान पत्र वितरण के साथ ही बैज लगाकर सम्मानित किया गया जाएगा। विहिप ने माघ मेला में राम मंदिर मॉडल का अनावरण किया ओपिनियन पोल: पुडुचेरी में कांग्रेस को झटका, असम में लौटेगी भाजपा? तमिलनाडु और केरल का भी जानें हाल सरकार से मिली सब्सिडी विकास स्टोर, मेन रोड, खूंटी 8789303275 गन्ना भुगतान को डीएम से मिलेगा सपा नेताओं का प्रतिनिधिमंडल चेहराकला गांव के किसान मंगल सिंह कहते हैं कि इस वर्ष किसानों ने नई तकनीक के जरिए धान की फसल लगाई थी, जिनमें बालियां ही नहीं निकलीं। पूरी तरह फसल बर्बाद होने के बावजूद किसानों को उचित मुआवजा नहीं मिला। वे कहते हैं कि हमें पटना और देश की समस्याओं से क्या मतलब है।वैसे युवा मतदाता भी यहां की समस्याओं को लेकर मुखर जरूर हैं, परंतु वे इस चुनाव में बदलाव की बात करते हैं। युवकों का कहना है कि आज तक महुआ का विकास क्या हुआ? बेरोजगार अब भी पलायन करने को विवश हैं। फिल्म जब तक है जान का एक सीन..रोमांस किंग और कैटरीना कैफ.. लार्ट्स के अध्यक्ष पंकज दीक्षित का कहना</s>
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लोग हमारे इलाके में ही रहते हैं। मिताली की शानदार पारी के दम पर भारत को तीसरे वनडे में शानदार जीत मिली थी. उनके इस प्रदर्शन के बाद उन्हें चार स्थान का फायदा हुआ और वो टॉप पर पहुंच गईं. नीरज कुमार ने मेडिकल कॉलेज सहित , , पारा मेडिकल और शिक्षा से जुड़ा सवाल आरजेडी सुप्रीमो लालू यादव से पूछा है. नीरज कुमार ने मुख्यमंत्री नीतीश कुमार के कार्य की सराहना करते हुए कहा कि नीतीश कुमार की सरकार बनने के बाद राज्य में 142 मेडिकल कॉलेज सहित कॉलेज, कॉलेज, पारा मेडिकल मेडिकल कॉलेज खुले हैं. कहा कि लालू राज में सिर्फ चरवाहा विद्यालय खुले. 6 जनवरी की गौरव चंदेल की हत्या व कार लूट के बाद 14 जनवरी को मसूरी थाना क्षेत्र के आकाश नगर में सेल्टॉस कार बरामद हुई थी। 14 जनवरी की रात करीब 10:50 बजे एक पुलिसकर्मी की सूचना के बाद गाजियाबाद पुलिस वहां पहुंची थी, लेकिन गाजियाबाद पुलिस अगले दिन सुबह नोएडा पुलिस को सेल्टॉस की बरामदगी की जानकारी दी। उस रात को गाजियाबाद पुलिस खुद ही इस केस को वर्क आउट कर वाहवाही बटोरना चाहती थी। हालांकि गाजियाबाद पुलिस भी कुछ नहीं कर पाई। अगर रात में ही गाजियाबाद पुलिस ने नोएडा पुलिस</s>
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"Truster-Pro" and the "Vericator" are voice stress analyzer
"lie detectors." But like cartoon Acme products,
they're only good as props.
These devices claim they analyze speech and can tell lies from truth. They don't work. They can detect when someone is stressed, and stress can mean that the person might be deceiving you, but stress can also mean that the person is tired, anxious or afraid.
However, they are good at pretending to detect lies. When the equipment is in the room and someone is questioned, the person may think the lie detector is going to work, so that person doesn't lie as much."Scientists evaluating Truster-Pro, the Vericator and newer analyzer models repeatedly report lackluster results. Now research finds that two of the most commonly used voice stress analyzers can discern lies from truth at roughly chance levels - no better than flipping a coin."
See an earlier post: Can Lie Detectors Using Voice Stress Analysis (VSA) Actually Detect Lies?>>
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इस आसन का नाम उसे अपनी धनुषी आकार की वजह से मिला है| धनुरासन, पद्म साधना की श्रेणी में से एक आसन है| इसे सही तौर पर धनु-आसन के नाम से जाना जाता है| धनुरासन करने पर शरीर धनुष आकार की तरह दृश्यमान होता है, इसलिए यह आसन धनुरासन कहा गया है। यह आसन कमर और रीड़ की हड्डी के लिए अति लाभदायक होता है। शुरुआत में लोग धनुरासन करने से घबराते हैं लेकिन अगर आप इनके सरल तरीकों को जान जाए तो आसानी से इसका अभ्यास कर सकते हैं।
शुरुआत में इस तरह से आप ३-४ चक्र करने की कोशिश करें।
यह योग वज़न कम करने के लिए एक उत्तम योग है। इसके नियमित अभ्यास से पेट की चर्बी कम होती है और आपके पेट को चुस्त-दुरुस्त बनाता है।
इस योग के अभ्यास से कब्ज एवं अपच को दूर किया जा सकता है। यह आसान सही तरीके से एंजाइम के स्राव में मदद करता है और पाचन तंत्र को मजबूत बनाता है।
उक्त रक्त चाप वाले व्यक्ति इस अभ्यास को विशेषज्ञ के परामर्श से करें।
धनुरासन उन्हें नहीं करनी चाहिए जिन्हें तीव्र कमर दर्द और हाथ में दर्द हो।
मत्स्यासन योग कैसे करें ?
फिर सांस छोड़ते हुए अपने आरम्भिक अवस्था में आएं। यह एक चक्र हुआ।
स्त्रियों के गर्भाशय और मासिक धर्म संबंधी रोग दूर होते हैं।
यह आसन टांसिल, मधुमेह,घुटनों तथा कमर के दर्द के लिए लाभदायक है।
आँखों से संबंधित सभी दोषों को दूर करता है।
पेट तथा गर्दन की चर्बी तथा खांसी को दूर कर सकते हैं।
त्वचा (चर्म) रोगों को दूर करता है।
शुद्ध रक्त का निर्माण तथा संचार करता है।
यह आसन चेहरे और त्वचा को आकर्षक तथा शरीर को कांतिमान बना देता है।
रीढ़ के विकार दूर हो जाते हैं।
घुटनों में दर्द, उच्च रक्तचाप, स्लिप डिस्क, ओर रीढ़ की समस्या होने पर इसे न करें।
छाती व गले में अत्यधिक दर्द या अन्य कोई रोग होने की स्थिति में यह आसन न करें।
कम आयु के बच्चे को यह आसन नहीं करना चाहिए।
माइग्रेन और अनिद्रा से पीड़ित व्यक्ति को यह आसन नहीं करना चाहिए।
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Need a moment to get back into the moment? Try a FOFBOCNOF! (FOFBOC is a classic mindfulness acronym, FOF BOC, standing for Feet On Floor, Bum On Chair, which now has a Red Nose Day makeover adding a bit of Nose On Face (the breathing part!). A brilliant mindfulness exercise led by Jaime which kids (and adults) can use whenever they like.
Cosmic Kids and Comic Relief have launched this mindfulness exercise in time for Red Nose Day 2022. This collaboration will see up to 25,000 schools up and down the UK don their red noses on the morning of Friday 18th March, and take part in their own mindfulness moment for Red Nose Day.
Comic Relief has been supporting children and young people’s mental health work for over 30 years and this activity is part of the ongoing campaigning effort to educate young people on the importance of mental health and emotional wellbeing.Money raised by Red Nose Day will help people in the UK and around the world live free from poverty, violence and discrimination, and support people with their mental health.
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के मुताबिक, जब तक वायु प्रदूषण पर अंकुश नहीं लगता तब तक ताज की सफाई करना बेकार है। उल्लेखनीय है कि उत्तर प्रदेश प्रदूषण नियंत्रण बोर्ड की ताजा रिपोर्ट में आगरा सबसे प्रदूषित शहर घोषित किया जा चुका है। इस बार ये हैं विशेष... पूर्व केंद्रीय मंत्री मणिशंकर अय्यर की फैज की शायरी पढ़ने पर कांग्रेस प्रवक्ता रणदीप सुरजेवाला ने कहा, मुझे लगता है कि दक्षिण भारत के हमारे साथियों को भी शेरो, शायरी पढ़ने का पूरा अधिकार है। गांव में घुसी बाघिन, वन विभाग ने सुरक्षित जंगल में छोड़ा लेकिन वैज्ञानिकों ने इस परियोजना पर संदेह जताते हुए इसे साहसिक, मुश्किल और बेहद खर्चीला बताया है। नासा का एक आगामी मिशन एक क्षुद्रग्रह से 60 ग्राम प्लेटिनम और सोना लेकर आएगा जिसकी लागत लगभग एक अरब डॉलर आएगी। चार महीने से कोई कार्रवाई न होने के कारण रेप पीड़िता परेशान थी. वहीं, के कमिश्नर जॉनी मूर ने पाक से कहा कि प्रधानमंत्री इमरान खान द्वारा हाल ही में अंतर्राष्ट्रीय समुदाय को दिए गए एक संबोधन में उन्होंने इस बात पर प्रकाश डाला था कि विकासशील देश कोरोना वायरस के प्रसार को रोकने की कोशिश करते हुए भी लोगों को भूख से मरने से बचाएँ। प्रधानमंत्री इमरान खान की सरकार</s>
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भोपाल (महामीडिया) आज आंवला नवमी है। कार्तिक मास की शुक्ल पक्ष की नवमी को आंवला नवमी मनाई जाती है, इसे अक्षय नवमी भी कहा जाता है। इस दिन महिलाएं आंवला के पेड़ के नीचे बैठकर संतान की प्राप्ति व उसकी रक्षा के लिए पूजा करती हैं। वैसे तो पूरे कार्तिक मास में पवित्र नदियों में स्नान का माहात्म्य है, परंतु नवमी को स्नान करने से अक्षय पुण्य होता है। इस दिन आंवले के पेड़ के नीचे भोजन बनाने और उसे ग्रहण करने का विशेष महत्त्व है।
महिलाओं को इस दिन सुबह जल्दी स्नान करके आंवले के पेड़ के पास जाना चाहिए और उसके आस-पास सफाई करके पेड़ की जड़ में साफ पानी चढ़ाना चाहिए। इसके बाद पेड़ की जड़ में दूध चढ़ाना चाहिए। चढ़ाया हुआ थोड़ा दूध और वो मिट्टी सिर पर लगानी चाहिए।
पूजन सामग्रियों से पेड़ की पूजा करें और उसके तने पर कच्चा सूत या मौली ८ परिक्रमा करते हुए लपेटें। कहीं-कहीं 10८ परिक्रमा भी की जाती है। पूजन के बाद परिवार और संतान की सुख-समृद्धि की कामना करके पेड़ के नीचे बैठकर परिवार व मित्रों के साथ भोजन ग्रहण करना चाहिए।
आंवला नवमी के दिन ही भगवान विष्णु ने कुष्माण्डक नामक दैत्य को मारा था। आंवला नवमी पर ही भगवान श्रीकृष्ण ने कंस का वध करने से पहले तीन वनों की परिक्रमा की थी। आंवला नवमी पर बहुत से लोग मथुरा- वृंदावन की परिक्रमा करते हैं। संतान प्राप्ति के लिए की गई पूजा पर व्रत भी रखा जाता है और इस दिन रात में भगवान विष्णु को याद करते हुए जगराता किया जाता है।
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Menopause is difficult enough without itchy skin!
We all know the menopausal symptoms like hot flushes, night sweats, ad mood swings. But one that is less commonly known is eczema, which is a type of skin disease associated with menopause.
What exactly is Eczema?
This very annoying itchy skin rash, which is actually more of an umbrella-term for skin issues like atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, and other rashes.
What Cause Eczema?
Eczema is often caused by:
- An allergy
- Repeated exposure to an irritant, such as a soap or detergent
- Inherited predisposition
- An overactive immune system
- Changes in hormone levels
How Menopause Affects Eczema
In the years leading up to menopause, women experience extreme fluctuations in hormones. More specifically, they experience a decline in estrogen levels. This can affect the skin by causing damage to a protein that supports the skin, called collagen.
It also causes the sebaceous glands of the skin to produce less lubricating oils and the skin is unable to retain moisture. The skin becomes dry and itchy. The immune system may become less active during menopause, lowering the body’s resistance to irritants and allergens.
Symptoms of Eczema
- Itchy, red patches on the skin.
- The skin may appear swollen and inflamed even when you do not scratch.
- Some areas may swell and crack, releasing a clear fluid.
Skin rashes associated with menopause tend to occur mostly on the face, especially the forehead and nose or on the neck, back, chest, arms and legs.
How to Treat Eczema
The most important thing to understand is that you want to treat the root cause of eczema, not the symptoms. So a rash cream might be good to have for short term relief, but to get rid of eczema you need to manage the menopause itself.
We strongly recommend taking the Manna Menopause Support supplement to help increase estrogen the natural way, without the fear of any side effect.
Any antibiotic or cortisone prescribed can actually worsen the eczema problem, because digestive health and eczema is directly linked. We therefore recommend taking the Manna GUT Support to reinstate healthy digestive flora so that your skin problems can heal from the inside.
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You can use your Togetherfarm Blocks as seed or starter planters! Just flip them over, plant your seeds or starts with potting seed mix, water and put in a warm place.
Spring is finally almost here, but in many parts of the world (including ours in the Pacific Northwest of America), we have quite a few months to go before it is safe to put many plants directly in our raised Togetherfarm Block beds because of the danger of low temps, late frost and hail.
March is the perfect month to start plants and seeds indoors that require a long growing season (like tomatoes, peppers, eggplant and broccoli) so that when the later Spring months of May and June roll around, they already have a good start on their growth, and you can move them in your Togetherfarm Blocks raised bed.
Depending on the area you are planting in, you may start your seeds for different plants earlier or later. This handy planting calculator can help determine when to plant your seeds and starts according to your zip code.
Easy way to sanitize your Togetherfarm Blocks for planting seedlings and plant starts!
Using sanitized seed planters is key to disease-free starts
Seeds and small plant starts are especially prone to contracting bacteria or harmful plant disease that may be left over from an earlier season in your planting pots. To avoid transmitting disease to your seeds and starts, just toss your Togetherfarm Blocks into the dishwasher for one cycle–the Blocks can be safely sanitized in the dishwasher and then ready for use year after year.
Light exposure and warmth
There is little as frustrating as trying to get a strong start from a seed, but ending up with a weak and spindly stalk that cannot “weather” the transfer to an outdoor climate. The secret to a strong start begins with the amount of light it is exposed to each day. Here are some tips on getting the most light for your seeds and starts–even in the dead of winter when light is scarce.
1. Choose a south facing window and put your starts in a place without shade and make sure if it is close to a window that the environment is warm enough to get the seeds going. Ideal temperature is between 70-85 degrees.
2. Head to a hardware store and pick up a fluorescent light, and keep the light pointing at the tops of your plants and planter. The light should not be very far away from the planter—2-3″ above them at most. The plants should be exposed to this light for 10-12 hours per day for best results.
Soil and moisture
Small starts, and especially seeds require a very light soil (organic seedling potting soil works best) as the heavier potting soil for mature plants is too heavy and will not allow the small seeds to push up to the light. When covering your seeds with the potting mix, be sure to go no deeper than 1/8″ inch, and in some cases even less, depending on the size of the seed.
Water your seeds and starts every day, preferably with a sprayer so that you do not disturb the seedlings growing process. Never allow your seeds or starts to dry out! A consistent even moist (but not drowned!) environment is ideal.
Don’t fertilize your seeds with anything until 2 or more leaves have formed on a stem. With your small starts, you may start fertilizing them with a light to medium strength, lower nitrogen organic fertilizer such as sea kelp liquid or fish emulsion. When your seeds have formed 2 leaves, fertilize the plants once a week to help form a strong root system.
Transferring your starts from potting container to outdoor raised bed safely
After you have gotten your seeds and starts to a state in which they are ready to be transferred to your raised bed, you must first “condition” them to a colder overnight climate than what they have been used to in the indoor environment they were grown in. This process is called “hardening off” and it is essential to a smooth transition and for survival of your seed starts.
About 10 days to two weeks before the time to move the plants outdoors, start by putting the plants in a shaded, cool place on your porch or patio that is protected from the wind. You can leave them for up to 2 weeks, and then move them to a shady area in your garden close to the area that holds your raised bed. Leave them in this area for another 7-10 days and then if the ground is warm and there is no frost forecast, plant them in your Togetherfarm Blocks raised bed. You can shield them further from wind, birds, squirrels, etc by placing a barrier such as a milk carton with the ends cut off around them until they are sprouting at least 2-3 bunches of leaves off of one stem.
If frost is forecast, bring them in for the night to protect them or until frost danger has passed.
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के बाद से बाजारों में भीड़ के साथ लापरवाही भी बढ़ गयी थी। सोशल डिस्टेंसिंग, मास्क की अनिवार्यता आदि पर लोग बिल्कुल ही ध्यान नहीं दे रहे थे। इसके चलते अचानक ही शहर में कोरोना का संक्रमण तेजी से फैलने लगा। शहर के प्रमुख आभूषण मंडी लक्ष्मी मार्केट में 10 मरीज सामने आए। इसी प्रकार व्यस्त बाजार नवरंग मार्केट में भी दो मरीज मिले थे। इसके अलावा बनकटा, लोहापट्टी, जगदीशपुर, विजयीपुर, राजेन्द्र नगर, जापलिनगंज, बेदुआ, हरपुर मिड्ढी आदि के साथ ही शहर से सटे उमरगंज, जीराबस्ती, अमृतपाली, चंद्रशेखर नगर, परिखरा, बहादुरपुर, ओझा के छपरा, रामपुर महावल, हैबतपुर, परमंदापुर आदि गांवों में कोरोना के मरीज मिले। खास बात यह कि जो 42 पॉजिटिव मिले, उनमें से 30 लोग कहीं बाहर से आए नहीं थे। इस प्रकार स्थानीय लोगों में संक्रमण फैलने के बाद डीएम श्रीहरि प्रताप शाही ने शहर व आसपास के गांवों में धारा 144 का सख्ती से अनुपालन तथा बाजारों को पूरी तरह बंद रखने का आदेश दिया था। इसका असर शुक्रवार को बाजारों में दिखा। हालांकि उच्च न्यायालय ने कहा कि यह कानून में निर्धारित प्रक्रिया है। सीडी काण्ड की सुनवाई पर सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने लगाईं रोक, भूपेश बघेल से पूछा क्यों ना दूसरे राज्य में ट्रांसफर कर</s>
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N. Korchunov: the development of the Arctic depends on cooperation in the Bering region
Successful cooperation between Russia and the USA in the Bering region is the key to the development of the entire Arctic. This was announced at the IX international forum “Arctic: Today and the Future” by Nikolai Korchunov, Ambassador-at-Large of the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
He noted that the global nature of the problems in the Bering region requires a joint search for solutions and implies an open dialogue between the two states in various fields.
“There is a practical sphere, the development of which is in the interests of both parties. These are shipping safety, oil, gas, energy and environmental cooperation, transport links, support for indigenous peoples, cultural exchanges, tourism, relations between twin cities”, - Nikolai Korchunov explained.
According to him, the region is increasingly facing global challenges that are transboundary in nature, such as climatic changes, the growth of economic activity, the increase in the extraction of natural resources, the outflow of the population.
“The issue of ways to develop the Panarctic transport system, of which the transport plan for the development of the Bering region could become a part, is becoming increasingly relevant. We could talk about the formation of a transport system with a year-round functioning focus, including the Arctic sea highway, river and railway communications toward it, as well as an airport network adapted to global climate change in the Arctic”, said Nikolai Korchunov.
Other key points on the agenda of cooperation between Russia and the United States in the Bering region could be to ensure military security and economic progress, improving the quality of life of the population.
“We are convinced that, despite the existing problems at the current stage of our relations with the USA, the Arctic can and should remain a region of constructive interaction between our countries,” Nikolai Korchunov emphasized.
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Today’s society produces a number of “wastes” that could be beneficially used in agriculture. Mutual benefits could accrue to both the farm and nonfarm sectors through this utilization. Encouraging the use of these materials requires an understanding of both the barriers to and the opportunities for their use. Composting is one technology that can facilitate the use by farms of nonfarm materials. In 1991, the Rodale Institute Research Center initiated its Farm Co-Composting Project. The goals of the project are: (i) Transforming rural and urban wastes into agricultural resources; and (ii) Converting rural/urban conflicts into enterprise opportunities. The Project has identified a variety of barriers to the cocomposting of agricultural and nonagricultural wastes on farms, and is implementing strategies to reduce or overcome these barriers.
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One design element that’s certainly trending is the neon glow effect. By incorporating and playing with various lighting effects, you can create emphasize an element of your site or add some subtle mystery to the overall design. Whether you want to make a literal neon sign or just add a fun pop-culture vibe to your site, this effect is such a fun trend that allows designers to experiment!
The neon glow effect can be found around the web in lots of different forms. Some focus on the glowing, neon aspect, while others focus on the “reality” of a virtual neon sign. Here’s an example of the realistic approach:
Now that you’ve seen these neon signs in action, try it out for yourself!
Create a neon glow effect in Photoshop
Before we get started, let’s clarify a few things that will help you get the best results. For a realistic effect, you’ll want to find a font that either connects or has breaks like a real neon sign would. If you’re using an icon, using a simple outline will look a little cleaner, but feel free to experiment as you see fit. Let us know how it goes!
Create your background
For this example, I’m going to use this brick background from Unsplash. You can choose whatever you like, but this brick gives it a great, realistic feeling of hanging on a wall. And don’t worry – we’re going to give it a nighttime look to emphasize the glow!
To darken the image, create a new layer under and fill it with gray using the Paint Bucket Tool. I’m using
#999999. Then, set the opacity to something like 83% and change the blending mode for the image layer to Vivid Light.
Add dramatic lighting to the background
Now we’re going to create a vignette. To do this, create a new layer, and use the Ellipse Tool to draw an ellipse just slightly smaller than the canvas.
Then, with the Path Selection Tool, select Path Operations dropdown and click Subtract From Shape.
Open the properties window with Window > Properties and select Mask. Then set Feather to 200px and adjust it with the Free Transform Tool as you please. It should look something like this then:
Create a new layer above the vignette layer with Layer > New Layer and fill it with black using the Paint Bucket Tool. Then, set the opacity to something like 75% and change the blending mode for the layer to Vivid Light.
Create the neon sign
Duplicate the text layer, right click it, and select Convert to Smart Object. Then, right click the layer and select Blending Options.
Add a Bevel & Emboss. This gives dimension to the text, so try various settings to get the effect you like! I’m using these settings:
- Style: Pillow Emboss
- Technique: Smooth
- Depth: 251%
- Direction: Up
- Size: 15px
- Soften: 3px
- Shading angle: 90 degrees
- Altitude: 53 degrees
- Gloss Contour: Cove – deep
- Highlight Mode: Overlay with white and 100% opacity
- Shadow Mode: Overlay with black and 0% opacity
Next, add a Contour adjustment under Bevel & Emboss, select cove – deep from the dropdown, and leave the range at 100%.
Now add a Stroke layer. This will create the “glow” of your neon sign and make it look like it’s turned on! Here are the settings I’m using:
- Size: 40
- Position: Center
- Blend Mode: Screen
- Opacity: 100%
- Overprint: Checked
- Fill type: Gradient
- Style: Shape Burst
- Align with Layer: Checked
- Angle: 90 degrees
- Scale: 100%
Now let’s create your custom gradient by double clicking the color shown in the gradient bar. Add a transparent color to the left, a dark color toward the center (I used #51bbad), and a lighter blue just to the right of the darker center color (I used #a1fff3). This will give your glow the perfect depth to make it look like the plastic of a real neon sign.
Now let’s add an Outer Glow, to create the light the shines off our neon sign. Here are the settings I’m using:
- Blend Mode: Overlay
- Opacity: 100%
- Noise: 0%
- Technique: Softer
- Spread: 20%
- Size: 250px
- Contour: Linear
- Range: 50%
- Jitter: 0%
And select the same color as your text. Again, I’m using
Create a custom gradient lights
To add to the glowing effect, let’s create two layers. One with a broad and subtle glow, and another with a small and concentrated effect behind the text, to give it a realistic effect. First, let’s create the larger, subtle glow.
Using the Ellipse Tool, create an ellipse that spans all of the text and most of the background. Set the color to something slightly darker than the color you chose for your text. I’m using
#51bbad. Then, right click the layer and select Convert to Smart Object.
Then, with the ellipse layer selected, select Filter > Blur > Gaussian Blur.
Set the radius to somewhere around 150 pixels. Now change the blending options to Soft Light.
Create a new layer to create another ellipse, this time smaller and about the size of the text. Move it under the text layer but above the other ellipse layer. Again, convert the ellipse to a smart object.
Set the color to something slightly lighter than the text color you chose. I’m using
Then, with this new ellipse layer selected, select Filter > Blur > Gaussian Blur. Set the radius to somewhere around 150 pixels. Now change the blending options to Soft Light.
And that’s all of it – now you have a bright and shiny neon sign! How will you use this effect? Have any other favorite examples? Let us know in the comments.
How to use the Photoshop templates
Download the templates for free below!
Toggle the backgrounds
In these files, there are various backgrounds you can toggle on and off with the layer visibility buttons or move under and above each other in the layers panel. Pick your favorite or add your own background into a new layer. If you add a custom background, just resize it however you like!
Edit the text
To edit the text, open the “On” folder and double click the “On – Double click to edit text” layer.
This will pull up another Photoshop document where you can use the Text Tool to edit the text or adjust the font. The key here is to resize the text to fit within the given area. (Anything outside of the bounds will not carry over to the main file!) You can do this by selecting Edit > Free Transform or Command + T on a Mac (Control + T on a PC). When you’re happy with it, save and close the smart object or Photoshop tab.
Note: The “On” and “Off” layers are synced, so when you edit the smart text in one, it’ll update in the other. Pretty sweet, right?!
Adjust extra pieces
Depending on which effect you choose, you may have to adjust the outer square or line. If you’re using “Neon_Sign_Treatment2,” you can disregard this section. For “Neon_Sign_Treatment3,” if you find yourself needing to adjust the box, simply open the dropdown for “On” and “Off.” From here, you’re able to transform the Sign Border layer by selecting Edit > Free Transform or Command + T on a Mac (Control + T on a PC). The key is to adjust both the “On” and “Off” Sign Border layers equally.
For “Neon_Sign_Treatment1,” you may want to adjust the line below the text. To do that, open the “On” folder and double click the “On – Double click to edit text” layer. Here you can adjust the line so it touches the bottom of your text. Again, if you update it from the “On” layer, it’ll also update within the “Off” layer. (And vice versa!)
If you would like to change the “Cords” layer in “Neon_Sign_Treatment1,” select the layer and, using the Direct Selection Tool, click the individual points and drag them around. You can even add or subtract specific points in the line using the Pen Tool, Add Anchor Point Tool, and Subtract Anchor Point Tool. And if the arch of the cord isn’t how you like it, just use the Convert Point Tool until you’re happy with the results.
If you need to adjust the glow after moving around the various objects, simply open the “On” folder and select the “Highlight” layers. From here, you can drag them around using the Move Tool or shrink and grow them with Edit > Free Transform.
Now you have the perfect, easy-to-use tool to create your own neon glow effects. Have fun designing!
Download the free templates!
Want to download the templates used above? Click below to get started!
Ready for more inspiration?
Learn what the top design trends are here.
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Cold Chamber Die Casting Cold Chamber Die Casting for Increased Quality and Reduced Costs
Cold-chamber die casting is the most popular process in the mass production of light metal castings. Magmasoft explains key factors for the realization of a cost-reduced lightweight design concept.
Currently, half of the world’s production is manufactured using this technology, while continuous improvements in quality are broadening its application for automotive components. A development project of the Italian studio DSM showed key factors for the realization of a cost-reduced lightweight construction concept with simultaneous process reliability for an aluminum die casting with high functional performance requirements in the automotive sector. Figure 1 of the picture gallery shows this.
Virtual Preliminary Study
The component is a cover that ensures maximum operational reliability in both structural strength and hydraulic seal to prevent oil leakage. Due to the high quality requirements, the Italian engineers carried out a virtual preliminary study on the performance of the tool in production in order to identify critical problems for the internal integrity of the component at an early stage (see Figure 2 of the picture gallery).
The virtual analysis of the initial configuration highlighted critical points: the solidification did not provide satisfactory results due to isolated shrinkage in areas of the component which must ensure a hydraulic seal. It was therefore decided to investigate alternatives for the gating system, especially focusing on the component’s heaviest section, with the objective to reduce the shrinkage porosity to a minimum while limiting entrapped air. As Figure 3 shows, the changeover to a four-cavity mould has reduced operating costs in production and kept maintenance costs for the tools to a minimum.
The new lay-out reduced the critical aspects for internal integrity in the heavy section. Once a satisfactory lay-out was identified, the design was completed by defining an appropriate thermal control system, (see Figure 4 of the image gallery).
Simulations for Verification
With the corresponding simulations, the dimensioning of the cooling lines and the corresponding process parameters were virtually checked. Figures 5 and 6 show that the expected improvements, which allow a direct transition from the design to the manufacturing phase, were confirmed by the results obtained.
The sampling phase of the new die was satisfactorily concluded using process parameters corresponding to those defined for the final simulation. The most interesting result was that the required quality could be obtained at a lower cost than the one foreseen - in a very limited development time. Stefano Chiarello, the Studio DSM designer who worked on the virtual analysis of the process, summed up his project experience: “I have realized the usefulness of the software for decision-making support, especially when experience was suggesting to me that the assumptions initially taken into account could be risky”.
This article was first published by MAGMASOFT.
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Cerebellar tDCS does not enhance performance in an implicit categorization learning task
Background: Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) is a form of non-invasive electrical stimulation that changes neuronal excitability in a polarity and site-specific manner. In cognitive tasks related to prefrontal and cerebellar learning, cortical tDCS arguably facilitates learning, but the few studies investigating cerebellar tDCS, however, are inconsistent. Objective: We investigate the effect of cerebellar tDCS on performance of an implicit categorization learning task. Methods: Forty participants performed a computerized version of an implicit categorization learning task where squares had to be sorted into two categories, according to an unknown but fixed rule that integrated both the size and luminance of the square. Participants did one round of categorization to familiarize themselves with the task and to provide a baseline of performance. After that, 20 participants received anodal tDCS (20 min, 1.5 mA) over the right cerebellum, and 19 participants received sham stimulation and simultaneously started a second session of the categorization task using a new rule. Results: As expected, subjects performed better in the second session than in the first, baseline session, showing increased accuracy scores and reduced reaction times. Over trials, participants learned the categorization rule, improving their accuracy and reaction times. However, we observed no effect of anodal tDCS stimulation on overall performance or on learning, compared to sham stimulation. Conclusion: These results suggest that cerebellar tDCS does not modulate performance and learning on an implicit categorization task.
|Keywords||Brain stimulation, Cerebellum, Cognition, Humans, Information integration|
|Persistent URL||dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00476, hdl.handle.net/1765/99573|
|Journal||Frontiers in Psychology|
Verhage, M.C, Avila, E, Frens, M.A, Donchin, O, & van der Geest, J.N. (2017). Cerebellar tDCS does not enhance performance in an implicit categorization learning task. Frontiers in Psychology, 8(MAR). doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00476
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The best part of math classes for me, and for most of my friends as well, was Geometry. It was really fun to play with shapes; figuring out their sizes or areas. We would bring up Geometry whenever the conversation was about the math class, and how it was the best thing about it.
Once the basics were introduced and done, we eventually moved onto three dimensional shapes. Cubes, pyramids, cylinders and others were not as fun as the previously examined ones. I unintentionally began to lose interest, just as my friends, because the process became too complex to consider it fun anymore. These new shapes required more thinking and solving. The third dimension was a buzz-killer, so to speak. Thus, most of us began to ignore Geometry as a result, and the math class was considered completely devoid of fun at that point. It was also at that point I realized something subtle about people: complexities scare them away.
It is something that can be observed in every aspect of daily life. People refuse to take the time to deduce or solve complex problems. Everything needs to be simplified beforehand and spoon-fed because that is the general expectation now. Even reading a simple instructions manual is sometimes considered a chore. I believe this over-simplification leads to unintentional, or intentional, generalizations. I often ponder about this correlation between reluctance of dealing with complexity and negligence in society. Different identities or personalities with complex aspects tend to confuse people. So, they choose to stay away from them or ignore them. Social issues that relates to race, gender, religion, or identity as a whole, are considered too complex by many. Their answers usually tend to be over-simplified solutions, and they do not compare.
In her TED talk, Kim Crenshaw mentioned a woman whose case was dismissed due to refusal of combining causes of discrimination by the court. Her case attempted to display the subtle discrimination by her company toward African-American women in particular. Overlapping race and gender created multiple levels inside of the case to consider. Kim Crenshaw explains that dissimilar experience presented made the case too complex for the judge, or the law, to determine a sound resolution. So, their instinct was to dismiss it and stay away from it. Discrimination is already a complex issue; double-discrimination makes a complex issue even more complicated to process. It is simply easier to toss the issue out than trying to solve it. This dismissive attitude in society unfortunately allows a lot of people to fall through the cracks in social infrastructure.
I have previously talked about a third dimension that completes the person in a different blog post. Most people tend to observe others on the surface level because it is easier to comprehend than considering that third dimension, which consists identity. It is not a secret that people are complex creatures. Yet, most of us unintentionally, or intentionally, distance ourselves from those whose third dimension requires a more challenging formula to solve and understand. Another TED talk that we examined at the time of that particular blog post I have mentioned was Chimamanda Adichie’s “A single story”. Her point was about formation of stereotypes based on ‘a single story’ and how it could be avoided. I believe the major cause of formation of these stereotypes is not just presenting a singular perspective in literature but also the choice that people make to read or follow a singular perspective because, as indicated multiple times by now, it is easier to decipher.
Unfortunately, this reluctance of comprehension is not exclusive to just “some people”. I am guilty of this practice just as much as the next person. I believe there are two strong reasons as to why this issue exists. The society as a whole deems any person incapable of complex cognition, and proving such a process, as “stupid”. This fear makes people very reluctant to accept any sort of responsibility, so they run away from it. Why bother attempting to solve a difficult issue and risk failing to be seen as incompetent when you can avoid the issue and hide the possibility that your cognition is lesser than some others? That is the thought that inherits the mind of many as a great obstacle. Another reason is impatience: “I don’t have time to deal with that kind of issue… I have other things to attend to.” An excuse that we all make is that our time is very limited. Especially, when the issue holds no consequences for us. There is great saying that goes “ignorance is only bliss for the ignorant, not the victims.”
In the end, perhaps the aim of most of us should be to find a motivation to stop and think about social issues, and work through their complexities, rather than run away from them. Complex Geometry could still be fun. The third dimension of those shapes add much more interest and intrigue than most would realize. Just a little bit of extra effort, a bit of encouragement, to pull yourself away from reluctance and ignorance is all that is needed. The complexity is only a buzz-killer if you choose to deem it so.
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Summary and Analysis
Ishmael's reality has shifted so much that his squad is now his only family and the forest and villages they capture are his home. His only thought is to kill or be killed. His gun both provides for and protects him. His thoughts and actions have become so simple that days blend into one another, and he maintains no concept of time.
In January of 1996, when Ishmael is 15 years old, his world is again changed. UNICEF men arrive to take the boy soldiers from the war zone. Ishmael and his friends are lined up, and the lieutenant chooses the youngest ones to be released from their duty. He tells them that the UNICEF men will put them in schools and find them new lives. The lieutenant says that they've served their brotherhood and their country well, but he doesn't give them any other explanation for their dismissal.
The boys are taken to a fenced compound in Freetown, Sierra Leone's capital. They are given food and beds with clean linens. They look at the beds as if they don't know what they are and they consume the food in seconds. Other groups of boy soldiers are there, and they begin fighting them until they realize that they, too, are from the army. Later, a group of boy soldiers from the RUF are brought in and a war between the groups breaks out. The MPs and nationals try to break up the fight, but Mambu overtakes them and steals a gun. He begins shooting rebels; six people are killed before more MPs arrive and break up the battle by force.
Ishmael and the remaining boy soldiers are taken to Benin Home, a rehabilitation center, but they still can't understand why. Ishmael's headaches return as his body begins withdrawing from drugs.
Ishmael's loyalty as a soldier is fierce when this chapter opens, which is why his dismissal from service is so painful. He admires the lieutenant and seeks his approval as a father figure. The theme of confusion and fear returns when the boys are taken from their squad. Ishmael's journey out of the war makes him anxious and afraid. He doesn't know why he's being sent away, and he doesn't know where they are going. We would expect him to be relieved to be out of the war zone, but because the war has become his norm, he is angry and confused to be kicked out. The loss of his "new family" is as acute as the loss of his real family.
During the battle with the rebels at the UNICEF camp, Ishmael recalls his lieutenant's instructions to kill any rebel he sees anywhere he encounters them. The brainwashing by the army still has control over him, and he's not able to understand his new freedom. The rebels express a similar brainwashing, blaming the army for killing their families without cause. The rebels, too, claim to fight for the defense of their country to justify their violence. It's ironic that the exact same way of thinking — defense and revenge — has been used to motivate the boys to each fight for their side. The conflict of man vs. man is clear in this chapter, with each side claiming the other to be the enemy.
The MPs are clearly not prepared for the brutal nature of the boy soldiers. It seems to catch them off guard that the boys still have weapons and are capable of such violence. The conflict of man vs. society is revealed as the boy soldiers battle against the culture that is trying to free them from their brainwashing enslavement.
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Hubble Space Telescope atop space shuttle Discovery for launching into the space on display (a model) in the background of the space. It was a joint venture of NASA and European Space Agency. It was launched on 24 Apr 1990. In the last 20 years, the Hubble Space Telescope has revolutionized the way humanity views the universe. In many ways, it may have been the most influential telescope since Galileo peered at the night sky with one four centuries ago.
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A company in Japan is developing a new concrete that will extend the life of concrete to more than 200 years. That is more than double the current lifespan of concrete today.
According to an article in the San Francisco Chronicle, the heavy industry company plans to commercialize the technology by the end of this year or later. The company says the technology is expected to reduce maintenance and renewal costs for infrastructure such as roads, bridges and tunnels.
In a recent article from For Construction Pros they write: “When traditional concrete is poured, air comes into contact with the concrete forming bubbles that result in holes on the surface of the concrete. Over time, those holes are penetrated with rainwater, salt and more causing the reinforced steel rods to corrode and the concrete to crack.”
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Anticoagulant rodenticides (ARs) are a keystone of the management of rodent populations in the world. The widespread use of these molecules raises questions on exposure and intoxication risks, which define the safety of these products. Exposures and intoxications can affect humans, domestic animals and wildlife. Consequences are different for each group, from the simple issue of intoxication in humans to public health concern if farm animals are exposed. After a rapid presentation of the mechanism of action and the use of anticoagulant rodenticides, this chapter assesses the prominence of poisoning by anticoagulant rodenticides in humans, domestic animals and wildlife.
Part of the book: Poisoning
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नोएडा। सौर ऊर्जा कंपनी सनसोर्स एनर्जी ने बुधवार को उत्तरप्रदेश में ओपन एक्सेस योजना के हिस्से के रूप में ७० मेगावॉट सौर ऊर्जा परियोजना का विकास करने की घोषणा की। कंपनी ने एक बयान में इस बात की जानकारी दी। बयान के मुताबिक, परियोजना का आवंटन यूपीईआरसी सीआरई विनियम, २०१४ के तहत किया गया था।
इस परियोजना से उत्पन्न होने वाली बिजली को दीर्घकालिक पावर परचेज समझौतों के माध्यम से वाणिज्यिक एवं ओद्यौगिक उपभोक्ताओं को बेचा जाएगा। बयान में कहा गया कि एक बार शुरू होने के बाद यह राज्य में सबसे बड़ी ओपन एक्सेस सौर पावर परियोजनाओं में से एक होगी और हर साल ८५,००० टन कार्बन उत्सर्जन में कमी लाएगी।
सनसोर्स एनर्जी के सह-संस्थापक एवं सीईओ आदर्श दास ने कहा, हमें खुशी है कि राज्य में हमारी पहली ओपन एक्सेस सौर पावर परियोजना के लॉन्च के साथ हम प्रधानमंत्री एवं उत्तरप्रदेश राज्य के स्वच्छ ऊर्जा लक्ष्यों को पूरा करने में योगदान दे सकेंगे।
सनसोर्स एनर्जी के सह-संस्थापक एवं अध्यक्ष कुशाग्र नंदन ने कहा, यह जीत उच्च गुणवत्ता की सौर पावर परियोजनाओं की डिलीवरी देने की हमारी क्षमता की पुष्टि करती है। हमारे आधुनिक ऊर्जा समाधान दुनिया भर के ओद्यौगिक एवं वाणिज्यिक उपभोक्ताओं को बिजली के बिल कम करने और ग्रीनहाउस गैस का उत्सर्जन सीमित करने में मदद करते रहे हैं।
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Everybody knows what it’s like to sleep. But do you know why you sleep? It can seem like a total waste of time. Your nervous system, which controls your body’s movements, is almost inactive. Your eyes are closed and your muscles are at rest. You don’t even have any conscious thoughts!
In fact, sleep is essential for your brain and body to perform at their best. In particular, it boosts your memory and your immune system.
Did you know? Humans are the only mammals that choose to delay sleep.
Sleep and memory
One benefit of sleep is that it improves your memory. An experiment by researchers in Germany showed this by teaching three simple skills to a group of babies:
- How to take a mitten off a hand puppet
- How to shake the mitten
- How to put the mitten back on the puppet
After learning these skills, half of the babies took a nap. The other half continued playing.
Later, the babies were shown the puppet and the mitten a second time. The babies who had taken a nap remembered what to do, but the ones who had stayed awake didn’t. The babies who had kept playing didn’t remember. So what does this all mean for you? Well, it suggests that sleep can improve your ability to learn the next day.
Sleep also appears to help with memory consolidation, the process of “storing” ideas in your long-term memory. During the deepest stages of sleep, your brain seems to sort through memories gathered during the day. It then selects the most important ones, strengthens them, and discards the others.
Unfortunately, not everyone gets the same benefits from sleep. A 2007 study found that sleep did not improve learning ability in the elderly. More research is needed to better understand the relationship between age and sleep. But results like these only highlight the importance of sleep for younger people like you.
Did you know? People who don’t get enough sleep are more likely to have bigger appetites. It’s because they have decreased levels of leptin, an appetite-regulating hormone.
Sleep and immunity
Sleep can also help boost your immune system. In other words, if you get regular sleep, you’ll be less likely to get a cold or the flu.
Lack of sleep can lower the production of some of the cells that are used by your immune system. This makes it harder for your body to fight off infectious diseases, which makes you more likely to get sick.
A two-part experiment by researchers in California demonstrated the link between sleep and immunity. First, participants recorded what time they went to sleep and woke up. They also wore a wrist actigraphy, which is a bit like an activity tracker. That way, the researchers could monitor their sleep patterns and their movements while they slept.
In the second part of the study, researchers gave the participants nose drops containing rhinovirus, the virus that causes the common cold. The participants were then quarantined in a hotel for one week to see who would actually come down with a cold. It turned out that those who slept less than seven hours a night were four and a half times more likely to get sick than those who slept seven hours or more!
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As you can see, your body actually accomplishes a lot when you sleep. Sleep boosts your immune system and helps protect you from disease. It strengthens your memory and helps you remember the most important things you did during the day.
Mahatma Gandhi once described how a good night’s sleep made him feel like a brand new person: “Each night, when I go to sleep, I die. The next morning, when I wake up, I am reborn.” It’s not such a crazy idea. Not only does sleep help you learn new things the next day, but it makes it easier to remember what you learned the day before.
About the importance of sleep in general:
About sleep and memory:
About sleep and immunity:
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अप्रशिक्षित निजी कार्मिको की जान जोखिम में, जिम्मेदार लापरवाह - हफ़्ते की बात '+ल+"
सेड़वा तहसील मुख्यालय पर गुरूवार को सुबह से ही बिजली गुल हो गई। जब बिजली सुबह से गुल होने से दोपहर बाद पड़ताल की तो मामला सामने आया कि लाईनमैन हनुमानराम स्वंय काम न कर अप्रशिक्षित एवं निजी कार्मिकों से कमीशन के आधार पर काम करवा रहा है। मामूली फाॅल्ट होने से अप्रशिक्षित कर्मचारी होने पर खामी को शाम तक ठीक नहीं कर पाए। बार-बार सही तार नहीं जुड़ने से ट्रीप की समस्याएं आती रही और पूरे दिन भर सेड़वा में बिजली गुल रही।
पूरे दिन बिजली गुल होने से तहसील कार्यालय सहित सरकारी एवं निजी कार्यालयों के काम काज पूरे दिन ठप्प हो गए। आस-पास के क्षेत्रों आए ग्रामीणों को बिजली की वजह से काम नहीं होने से ग्रामीण वापिस घर निराश लौटते हुए नजर आए। वहीं पूरे दिन तेज गर्मी होने से आमजन को परेशानियों का सामना करना पड़ा।
लाईनमैन हनुमान राम द्वारा अप्रशिक्षित एवं निजी कार्मिकों के द्वारा विद्युत लाईन की दुरूस्तीकरण के लिए काम करवाया जा रहा है कभी भी कोई बड़ी अनहोनी घटना हो सकती है। जो कार्मिक काम कर रहे है उनकी सुरक्षा भगवान भरोसे है। केवल कमीशन का लालच देकर लाईनमैन अपना काम करवाते है।
अगर लाईनमैन प्राईवेट एवं अप्रशिक्षित कार्मिकों से करवाता है तो कोई भी बड़ा हादसा होने पर वह स्वंय जिम्मेदार है और उनके खिलाफ विभाग द्वारा कार्रवाई की जायेगी।
ट्रांसफाॅर्मर चेंज करने एवं विद्युत लाईन में फाॅल्ट को दूर करने के लिए विद्युत कटौती की गई। लाईनमैन द्वारा प्राईवेट एवं अप्रशिक्षित कार्मिकों द्वारा काम करवाना अवैध है।
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बॉलीवुड की दुनिया में अपनी एक अलग पहचान बनाने वाली यह मशहूर अभिनेत्री आज केवल भारत में ही नहीं बल्कि विदेशों में भी अपने अभिनय से अकसर सुर्खियों का विषय बनी रहती हैं। बता दें कि प्रियंका चोपड़ा आज बॉलीवुड में प्रियंका की ऐसी पहचान बन चुकी हैं जो हर नई एक्ट्रेस के लिए एक मोटिवेशन भी बन चुकी हैं।
वहीं प्रियंका ने बॉलीवुड में अपने साथ हुए एक ऐसे किस्से को लेकर बड़ा खुलासा किया था जिसने पूरे बॉलीवुड को हिला कर रख दिया है।
बॉलीवुड में एक्टिंग की छाप छोडऩे के बाद अब हॉलीवुड फिल्मों में भी अपने बेहतरीन अभिनय देने वाली एक्ट्रेस प्रियंका चोपड़ा अब किसी के परिचय की मोहताज नहीं रह गई हैं। देश और विदेश में प्रिंयका के लाखों चाहने वाले हैं। प्रियंका के लिए देश के बाहर विदेशों में पहचान बनाना आसान नहीं था।
बता दें कि बीते शुक्रवार को प्रियंका ने एक और बहुत बड़ी उपलब्धि हासिल कर ली है जिसमें उन्हें एक लोकप्रिय वैराइटी मैगजीन ने पॉवर ऑफ़ वुमन का सम्मान दिया है।
इस कार्यक्रम में भाग लेने पहुंची प्रियंका ने बॉलीवुड को लेकर एक ऐसा खुलासा किया जिसको सुनने के बाद वहां मौजूद लोगों के अलावा बॉलीवुड के लोग भी सन्न रह गए।
प्रियंका ने बताया कि १८ या १९ साल की उम्र में उन्होंने बॉलीवुड में करियर की शुरुआत की थी, और उस दौरान उन्हें बहुत ही शर्तों पर काम करने के लिया कहा जाता था।
प्रियंका इस वक्त अमेरिका में अपने विदेशी सीरियल की शूटिंग में काफी बिजी हैं लेकिन यह बीच-बीच में यहां बॉलीवुड में एक न एक फिल्म भी करती रहती हैं ।
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समेत कांग्रेस परिसर के चारो ओर जो सुरक्षा ढांचा खड़ा किया गया है, उसे स्थायी रूप देना चाहिए। धार। इंडियन नेशनल ट्रस्ट फॉर आर्ट एंड कल्चरल हेरीटेज अर्थात इंटेक धार चेप्टर विश्व विरासत दिवस पर विद्यार्थियों एवं आम नागरिकों के लिए एक इनामी प्रतियोगिता का आयोजन कर रहा है। धार जिले की धरोहर शीर्षक से आयोजित फोटोग्राफी प्रतियोगिता दो वर्गों में आयोजित होगी। धार चेप्टर के संयोजक डॉ. दीपेंद्र शर्मा व सहसंयोजक पिनाकीन बारोट ने बताया कि प्रतियोगिता दो वर्गों में प्रथम वर्ग में कक्षा छह से महाविद्यालय तक तथा द्वितीय वर्ग कोई भी फोटोग्राफर या आम नागरिक सहभागी हो सकेंगे। इस वर्ग में कोई आयु बधंन नहीं है। फोटोग्राफी प्रतियोगिता के स्थानीय संयोजक पराग भौंसले ने बताया कि फोटोग्राफ की साइज 12 बाय 18 की होगी। एक प्रतियोगी अधिकतम चार प्रविष्टि जमा कर सकता है। चित्र रंगीन या ब्लेक एंड व्हाइट हो सकते हैं। एडिट की हुई तस्वीरें मान्य नहीं की जाएंगी। चित्र धार जिले की धरोहर पर ही केंद्रित होंगे। प्रतिभागी अपनी प्रविष्टि इंटेक कार्यालय भोज शोध संस्थान लालबाग परिसर धार पर सुबह 8 से 10 व दोपहर 12 से 4 के मध्य जमा करवा सकते हैं। सपना चौधरी ने अपने इंस्टाग्राम अकाउंट पर एक नया वीडियो शेयर</s>
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'Working Scientifically' skills underpin all areas of the Science curriculum. These are skills that are transferrable between different topics and are built on every year to help us to become accomplished scientists.
In Year 6, the 'Working Scientifically' objectives are:
- I can plan different types of scientific enquiries to answer questions, including recognising and controlling variables where necessary.
- I can take accurate measurements, using a range of scientific equipment taking repeat readings when appropriate.
- I can record complex data and results using scientific diagrams and labels, classification keys, tables, scatter graphs, bar and line graphs.
- I can use test results to make predictions to set up further comparative and fair tests.
- I can report and present findings from enquiries, including conclusions, causal relationships and explanations of and degree of trust in results, in oral and written forms such as displays and other presentations.
- I can identify scientific evidence that has been used to support or refute ideas or argument.
- I can describe and evaluate my own and other people’s scientific ideas using evidence from a range of sources.
- I can group and classify things and recognise patterns.
- I can find things out using a wide range of secondary sources of information.
- I can use scientific language and ideas to explain, evaluate and communicate my methods and findings.
Over the year, we will be addressing all of these objectives through the different science topic areas above.
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Medium-less growing opens new opportunities for growers in the nutritional, health and medicinal markets. This hydroponic method of growing plants in a nutrient rich water solvent rather than soil allows terrestrial plants to grow with just their roots exposed to the mineral solution. Not only will it allow you to increase your options, but also your bottom line, thanks to reduced labor and other costs.
Benefits of Geophytes
Geophytes, such as roots and tubers, are plants with their growing point beneath the soil or in an aquatic-based environment. There is an increasing interest in these crops, which play an important role in our diet and provide many nutritional and health benefits. While some tubers are being used as traditional and alternative medicines, new avenues for the use of geophytes are being explored daily.
Roots and tubers have been consumed throughout history. They are economical and nutritious, not to mention delicious, with flavors ranging from sweet to earthy. Included in the root family are parsnips, turnips, beets, celeriac, carrots and sweet potatoes. Tubers are formed at a root’s base, storing starch, which serves as energy for new stem growth. Jerusalem artichokes, potatoes, yams, and jicama are all tubers.
Health and Medicine
Foods derived from plants play a prominent role in plant-based diets, which are becoming increasingly popular due to the purported prevention of diseases and conditions, including diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease and obesity.
Medicinally, roots have been employed for thousands of years, including more recently:
- Ginger is a root used for treating stomach problems, along with flu and colds, congestion and headaches.
- Kava Kava is known for its calming qualities and is used to treat sleep conditions, depression, chronic fatigue, stress, muscle pain, anxiety, headaches, migraines and respiratory infections.
- Licorice root is used as a treatment for bronchitis, sore throats and stomach ulcers.
- Maca is reputed to enhance memory, fertility and hormone imbalances, stamina and energy.
- Turmeric is used for the treatment of stomach, liver and gallbladder issues, arthritis, headaches, infections and menstrual cramps.
- Valerian root is used to treat sleep disorders, including chronic insomnia.
Choosing the Right Growing System
If you’re interested in expanding your crops by cultivating geophytes, using the right growing system is paramount, both in terms of plant quality and costs. Whole Plant Technologies’ Grow Tray System is a hydroponic-aeroponic hybridized system that is grow-medium free. Our patented system helps stave off issues such as root-rot by not continually submerging the roots. Our system removes the need for soil, or materials such as coco coir, or rockwool, which greatly decreases costs.
Contact Whole Plant Technologies to learn more about our Grow Tray System and other ways to enhance your farming operation.
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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from . import hr_timesheet_invoice
from . import account_analytic_line
from . import sale_order
from . import task_timer
from . import project_task
from . import res_config
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की। बेटी को शीशी में लेकर आए मच्छर मारने वाली दवा पिला दी। नमाज से लौटकर आए तो बहू ने घटना की जानकारी दी। इसके बाद बेटी को जिला अस्पताल ले गए। वहां बेटी की मौत हो गई। हाईकोर्ट ने लिखित परीक्षा परिणाम को यथावत रखते हुए नए नियमों के अनुरुप शारीरिक परीक्षा 90 दिनों के भीतर कराए जाने का आदेश दिया है. आपको बता दें कि विभाग ने 29 दिसंबर 2017 को आरक्षक के 2259 जीडी पदों के लिए भर्ती विज्ञापन जारी किया था. इसमें आवेदन जमा करने की तारीख 4 फरवरी 2018, लिखित परीक्षा की तारीख 30 सितंबर 2018 और 4 अक्टूबर 2018 को मॉडल आंसर जारी किया गया था. दरअसल, इन परीक्षाओं को लेकर विवाद बढ़ता जा रहा है। देशभर में इन परीक्षाओं को लेकर दो खेमे बन चुके हैं। एक खेमा परीक्षा के खिलाफ है तो दूसरा इसके पक्ष में। एक ओर जहां देश के 7 गैर भाजपा शासित राज्यों के मुख्यमंत्रियों ने सितंबर में परीक्षाएं कराने के खिलाफ सुप्रीम कोर्ट जाने का फैसला किया है वहीं दूसरी ओर देशविदेश के 150 से ज्यादा शिक्षाविदों ने प्रधानमंत्री नरेंद्र मोदी को चिट्ठी लिखकर अपील की है कि परीक्षाएं रोक दी जाएं। हौरान की बात तो ये हैं</s>
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#!/usr/bin/env python
"""Train this model with supervised layer-wise pretraining."""
# Core Library
import json
import logging
import os
import shutil
import sys
logging.basicConfig(
format="%(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(message)s",
level=logging.DEBUG,
stream=sys.stdout,
)
# Make model with one hidden layer
logging.info("Make model with one hidden layer")
os.chdir("../baseline-1-mfrdb")
if not os.path.isfile("model-1.json"):
os.system("hwrt train")
shutil.copyfile("model-1.json", "../baseline-2-mfrdb/model-1.json")
os.chdir("../baseline-2-mfrdb")
# Remove last layer
logging.info("Remove last layer")
with open("model-1.json") as f:
model = json.load(f)
model["layers"].pop()
with open("model-1.json", "w") as f:
json.dump(model, f)
# Make new layer
os.system("detl make mlp 500:500:94 > layer2.json")
os.system("detl stack model-1.json layer2.json > model-2.json")
os.system("rm layer2.json")
logging.info("Train it")
os.system("hwrt train")
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Steam Turbine Generators
Steam turbine driven generators are high speed machines with a running speed of 1500rpm/ 1800rpm/ 3000rpm/ 3600rpm. This application would require specialized rotor designs to cater to large stresses induced due to high centrifugal forces. The manufacturing process for steam turbine generators requires precision components and assembly techniques.
We manufacture generators up to 200 MW for steam turbine applications. Our Company has its own technology for all generators up to 55 MW. Additionally, our Company has entered into a license agreement with Siemens AG to manufacture generators in the range of 55 MW to 200MW. Generally, steam turbine driven generators are used for base load application. In most power plants, these generators are connected to the grid where excess power beyond the requirement of base load is exported to the grid. In most cases, these generators cater to the entire power requirement of the customer’s factory or manufacturing facility. Steam turbine generators are used extensively in cement, sugar, steel, paper, chemicals and other industries.
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With the introduction of iTunes 11, the way to accomplish some tasks, like arranging apps on your iOS device, has changed although the function remains. To access the various services, including rearranging your apps via iTunes, read on.
1. Open iTunes on your computer.
2. Connect your iOS device to your computer via wi-fi or USB cable. To connect via Wi-Fi, you first have to connect your device to iTunes on your computer via the USB cable. Then, you can turn on the feature Sync with this device over Wi-Fi (shown below in Step 5).
3. Once iTunes is on, look for your iOS device(s) in iTunes below “Search Library”. If you have more than 1 iOS device connected, you may see the number of devices connected listed. Click this tab.
4. Choose the device you wish to access by clicking on the devices tab and then selecting your device. If you have only one device, you will see it instead of x devices.
5. Choose the tabs (Summary, Info, Apps, Tones, Music, TV Shows, Podcasts) along the top of iTunes to make changes to your device. To sync via Wi-Fi, check the tab as shown below. You must then click apply (bottom right) to make changes.
6. To arrange apps on your iPad via iTunes, select the Apps tab and move the apps around to the screen location you want. This was explained on an older post.
In sum, although the way in which you initially access the tabs to make changes to your iOS device via iTunes has changed, the method of implementing the changes once you access the tabs has not.
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बारिश हुई तो फूलों के तन चाक हो गए मौसम के हाथ भीग के सफ्फ़ाक हो गए
बादल को क्या ख़बर है कि बारिश की चाह में कैसे बुलंद-ओ -बाला शजर ख़ाक हो गए जुगनू को दिन के वक़्त परखने की ज़िद करें बच्चे हमारे अहद के चालाक हो गए लहरा रही है , बर्फ की चादर हठा के घास सूरज की शह पे तिनके भी बेबाक हो गए
बस्ती में जितने आब गुज़ीदा थे, सब के सब दरिया का रुख़ पलटते ही तैराक हो गए
ज़ुल्फ़ें -शब-ए -फ़िराक़ के पैचाक हो गए जब भी ग़रीब -ए -शहर से कुछ गुफ़्तगु हुई लहजे हवा-ए-शाम के , नमनाक हो गए - परवीन शाकिर सफ़्फ़ाक़ -साफ़ , आब गुज़ीदा -पानी से डरने वाले , अब्लाग- ए -फ़िक्र - फिक्रमन्द , पैचाक - घेरे, प्रस्तुतकर्ता
कैलाश शर्मा१३ जून २०१५ को २:4२ आमबहुत ख़ूबसूरत ग़ज़ल..उत्तर देंहटाएंलोरी अली१३ जून २०१५ को २:४९ अंशुक्रिया जनाब! :)उत्तर देंहटाएंरूपचन्द्र शास्त्री मयंक१३ जून २०१५ को ३:४० आमआपकी इस प्रविष्टि् के लिंक की चर्चा कल रविवार (१४-०६-२०१५) को "बेवकूफ खुद ही बैल हो जाते हैं" {चर्चा अंक-२0०६} पर भी होगी।--सूचना देने का उद्देश्य है कि यदि किसी रचनाकार की प्रविष्टि का लिंक किसी स्थान पर लगाया जाये तो उसकी सूचना देना व्यवस्थापक का नैतिक कर्तव्य होता है।--चर्चा मंच पर पूरी पोस्ट नहीं दी जाती है बल्कि आपकी पोस्ट का लिंक या लिंक के साथ पोस्ट का महत्वपूर्ण अंश दिया जाता है।जिससे कि पाठक उत्सुकता के साथ आपके ब्लॉग पर आपकी पूरी पोस्ट पढ़ने के लिए जाये।हार्दिक शुभकामनाओं के साथ।सादर...!डॉ.रूपचन्द्र शास्त्री 'मयंकउत्तर देंहटाएंदेवेन्द्र पाण्डेय१३ जून २०१५ को ३:४८ आम गुज़ीदाअब्लाग़पैचाक नमनाक.....अर्थ लिख दें तो शायद अच्छी गजल पूरी समझ मे आ जाय। उत्तर देंहटाएंउत्तरलोरी अली१४ जून २०१५ को ५:०० आम्सर जी ! वोकब आपके लिए खास!!! :)हटाएंउत्तर देंजितेन्द्र तायल१३ जून २०१५ को ८:१६ प्मसुन्दरउत्तर देंहटाएंउत्तरलोरी अली१४ जून २०१५ को ५:०१ अमिनक्स :)हटाएंउत्तर देंजीवन्टिप्स१३ जून २०१५ को १०:२0 प्मसुन्दर व सार्थक रचना प्रस्तुतिकरण के लिए आभार..मेरे ब्लॉग की नई पोस्ट पर आपका इंतजार...उत्तर देंहटाएंउत्तरलोरी अली१४ जून २०१५ को ५:०६ अमपके ब्लॉग पर आई थी, टिपिया या भी हैं.... शुक्रियाहटाएंउत्तर देंओंकार१३ जून २०१५ को १०:५9 प्मबहुत सुन्दर उत्तर देंहटाएंउत्तरलोरी अली१४ जून २०१५ को ५:०६ अमिनक्स :)हटाएंउत्तर देंडॉ. मोनिका शर्मा१४ जून २०१५ को १:५7 आमजुगनू को दिन के वक़्त परखने की ज़िद करें बच्चे हमारे अहद के चालाक हो गए बहुत ही बढ़िया ....उत्तर देंहटाएंउत्तरलोरी अली१४ जून २०१५ को ५:०७ अंबहुत शुक्रिया !! :)हटाएंउत्तर देंदिगंबर नस्वा१7 जून २०१५ को १२:११ आमजुगनू को दिन के वक़्त परखने की ज़िद करें बच्चे हमारे अहद के चालाक हो गए ...बहुत ही कमाल के शेर हैं सभी ... बहुत ही खूबसूरत ग़ज़ल ...उत्तर देंहटाएंटिप्पणी जोड़ेंअधिक लोड करें...
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One of my goals is to help the masses understand scientific discovery. More precisely, why should we care (i.e. spend money) about bacteria and/or plants. Visiting the parents this weekend, my mom and dad talked about some of my posts that I have on Facebook. Something dad said has stuck with me, I paraphrase: he starts reading then I lose him along the way. My response was that I need to try harder. I am not in a lab researching bacteria anymore, but I still do have a rich curiosity about what discoveries are coming out among the scientific community. As a practice for the future, I will now try to describe what I used to do; here it goes, dad.
Learning Maya animation is not just a hobby, but hopefully will be a channel to help describe complex information in a easily understandable way.
Like humans, bacteria have decisions to make. We can design experiments to watch them decide which direction to travel, towards something or away from it. My research was to help understand how bacteria are attracted or repelled by certain chemicals in their environment and exactly what these chemicals are since a lot of chemicals are ignored by the bacteria. Scientists can look at the genes of a bacterium (which are a parts list and instruction manual) and predict which genes code for proteins that are used to detect chemicals in the cell’s environment. If one of these genes are taken out (no longer an available part), we can observe changes in what chemicals that cell responds to. If this is successful, we can predict that that particular gene is responsible for the bacterium moving towards or away from a specific chemical. By chemical, I mean compounds, usually nutrients, that can provide energy for the cell.
Soil bacteria love to live around plant roots. The roots leak chemical nutrients into the soil that attracts bacteria. This is a win-win for both plants and bacteria. Bacteria receive nutrients to survive while plants receive “help” defending themselves against disease as well as receiving some nutrients they can’t make themselves but the bacteria can. These bacteria can also produce plant hormones that help the plant grow. This is a big area of research as a way to increase crop yield, i.e. food or biomass for bioenergy fuels.
There you have it, what I did as a scientist in about 400 words instead of 300 pages like the dissertation.
- Animated GIF: Bacteria swimming (mhrussel.wordpress.com)
- Sometimes, not seeing is believing: animated GIFs of disabled bacteria (mhrussel.wordpress.com)
- Stress: It’s not just for humans; animated bacteria GIFs (mhrussel.wordpress.com)
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There are many stages in a human’s life when they feel low and their inner voice says them to do nothing. At these times, one needs someone or something to hold on to. These are the times when pets come into the picture. They don’t speak our language and are not that demanding. They bring back the positivity in the life that people find in other places. They can make people hurry home because they know that their pets might be hungry or they would be missing them. Pets are the most lovable ones that one esteems. People like to keep pets because these little creatures take their hearts away and are cute enough to make their place in someone’s heart.
People keep pets according to their preference; they are of many types and breeds. Some like to remain in water like fishes and some like to wander in whole messing in the whole house like a dog. But out of these many pets, cats and dogs are the most keepable pet by anyone. People like dogs because they are loyal and friendly animals. Some prefer cats because of their cuteness and shy nature. Other pets include rabbits, turtles, and fish. Let’s find out about their feeding.
When one talks about pets, everyone loves their pets, and to ensure that they grow healthy and be fit is the first thing the pet owners consider. An owner always stays on friendly terms with their pets and the fact that they want to strengthen the bond between them and their pets, they feed them with good quality food.
People themselves eat a lot of variety of food. As for us, some foods are rich in vitamins, and some others are rich in other nutrients. There is also a special variety that exists for the pets only, these are called Pets food. The type of food originated out of love from an owner to their pets.
It has been scientifically proven that when pets are fed with good food, their bones become strong, they become agile and their intelligence is empowered. Who wouldn’t want their pet to have all of that? Everyone would want that, right!
Role of nutrients
Nutrients play a very important role in any living beings’ life. They are like small but essential elements one needs to know about to fulfill all the body’s requirements. Likewise, our pets require many macros as well as micronutrients. They look to their owners for the nutrition they need. These nutrients cannot be prepared by the bodies of the pets, so they have a necessity for it. The need is taken care of by the owner by Pets food. Some of the nutrients and their role are mentioned below-
- Dietary protein is essential for the pets to gain muscles and develop overall, the protein gives energy to the pets, they also have the amino acids that are not developed by the body. The protein-rich diet enables the pet to keep on growing healthy naturally.
- It may be difficult to say that a high quantity of fat can cause many effects to a human body, but the pet’s body is different than ours, they require high-fat food, too. Because fat is converted into an instant form of energy. But super-high quantity can have an adverse effect, too.
- Some pets cannot survive lonely on vegetables or vegetarian diet, some require extra kinds of amino acids that can only be found in non-vegetarian food. So, these pets are given food with a rich protein percentage.
The food that one gives their pets must be of regular quantity. It should contain all the nutrients in the right amount.
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Scientists are examining whether a simple memory test can actually detect a dementia before symptoms appear. The test, which involves patients looking at and identifying a mountainous landscape from various angles, costs very little but it is proving to be extremely effective. This ‘Four Mountains’ test (4MT) utilises a person’s spacial memory, a part of the brain that is affected by a dementia like Alzheimer’s.
Intervention to Halt Symptoms
Devised 10 years ago, the test is able to detect early warning of a dementia and, it is hoped, be able to catch it and implement early intervention to slow down or even halt the symptoms. At present, a dementia is often only detected and diagnosed once the symptoms begin to show, when it is at an advanced stage and there is little anyone can do.
Cambridge Clinical Neuroscience Lecturer, Dennis Chan states that there is ‘an urgent need for a way of screening the millions of middle-aged people who (go) to their GP’s with mild cognitive impairment.’
A Million By 2025
Currently, around 850,000 people in the UK have a dementia like Alzheimer’s and there are still no drugs found to offer treatment. The disease causes severe cognitive decline and loss of memory and is on course to affect a million British people by 2025. NHS options include a costly £700 lumber puncture (taking fluid samples from the spine) or a £1.500 brain scan to examine for abnormalities.
Trials are expected to continue until next year and if successful, scientists are predicting that ‘the first drugs could be prescribed within a decade’.
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width = 20
height = 10
points = [[2,4],[1,5],[6,6],[3,2],[0,0]]
for Y in range(height):
for X in range(width):
print("X", if [X,Y] in points else "O", end= "")
print()
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