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Sexual Harassment at College Attorney Sexual harassment is illegal when it occurs in college or school. Examples of unlawful sexual harassment at college include when a professor or staff person sexually harasses a student, or even when a student harasses or assaults another student. The federal law that prohibits sexual harassment and assault in schools is Title IX. Like sexual harassment in the workplace, sexual harassment in school occurs when unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, or verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature is made to create a hostile or offensive educational environment, or is used as a basis for impacting or as a condition of educational decisions. Under Title IX, schools are required to take certain actions to ensure its students are protected from sexual harassment and know how to make a complaint if sexual harassment occurs. First, schools must disseminate a notice of discrimination. This notice must prohibit sex discrimination (including harassment) and must be widely distributed, available, and accessible to the school community. Second, schools must designate an employee to coordinate Title IX compliance. Contact information of the Coordinator should be available with the school’s nondiscrimination notice. Third, Schools are required to adopt and publish a grievance procedure outlining the complaint, investigation, and disciplinary process for addressing sexual harassment and sexual violence at school. Talk to a Sexual Harassment Lawyer About Your Case Today In order to bring a Title IX claim based on sexual harassment, a plaintiff must prove the following: - That the school exercised substantial control over both the harasser and the context in which the harassment occurred; - That the plaintiff suffered severe, pervasive, and objectively offensive harassment which deprived her or him of access to all of the educational opportunities or benefits provided by the school. - The school must have had actual knowledge of the harassment, meaning that a school official who at a minimum has authority to address the discrimination and institute corrective measures had actual knowledge of the discrimination. - The school must have acted with “deliberate indifference” to the harassment, meaning that the school’s response to the harassment was clearly unreasonable in light of the known circumstances. - The school’s deliberate indifference must have caused the plaintiff to undergo harassment or made the plaintiff vulnerable to be harassed. If you are being sexually harassed at school either by your teacher, professor, or another student, it is important for you to take action and talk to a sexual harassment lawyer. As described in this Ebook, you should be sure to write down and collect any evidence you have of the harassment. Make a written report to the Title IX Compliance officer at your school. If you have any questions, be sure to contact a competent and experienced attorney as soon as possible. An experienced lawyer can help guide you through the necessary action steps.
Honourables, and Fellow Citizens, The President of the Republic has left the Castle He has gone to the village He left around Two Fifteen Post Meridiem It is sad to know that he will not return We wish he had not gone But he went in good spirit, Leaving behind; a clean seat, A sharp sword and a high-raised flag Tears stream down our eyes The coastal towns are gravely silent The forest regions are cloudy And the savanna homeland is windswept Because the great oak has fallen We wish it had not fallen But it did so with grace, and in dignity. In fond memory of its shade, And the evergreen foliage, we salute! Darko Antwi is a regular contributor to One Ghana, One Voice. If you have a poem in memory of President Mills, please send it to us at oneghanaonevoice(at)gmail(dot)com.
Rohit Kulshreshtha, Adobe Systems The size of a test suite for a given functionality increases with introduction of test files. Often, test files are introduced without considering the redundancy they add in terms of code coverage. It is possible that we may get similar code coverage with a smaller set of files. The codebase may contain a large number of ‘points’ of code coverage that are touched during the execution of the code. Also, the test suite itself may contain a large number of test cases – each exercising a different set of code coverage points. We describe a technique that enables us to find the smallest subset of test cases that exercises the exact same set of code coverage points as the test suite itself. We also demonstrate a prototype of this application that uses code coverage data supplied by a commercially available code coverage tool. The immediate benefits of such an exercise are: - One of our test-suites was reduced down to 133 files from their original size of 600 files (down by 78%). - Developers may use the smaller set to quickly test their new changes. - Increase in productivity: Regular regression tests takes less time - Fuzzing for security: Provides a better starting point for fuzzing. Subset can be identified based on multiple criteria: - Test Case Count - Time Taken to execute test cases - Input Size of test data
२८वीं सीनियर नेशनल सर्कल कबड्डी चैंपियनशिप के पुरूष एवं महिला, दोनों वर्गों में हरियाणा की टीम विजेता तथा पंजाब की टीम उपविजेता रही। एमच्योर सर्कल कबड्डी फैडरेशन ऑफ इंडिया द्वारा आयोजित २८वीं सीनियर नेशनल सर्कल कबड्डी चैंपियनशिप के पुरूष एवं महिला, दोनों वर्गों में हरियाणा की टीम विजेता तथा पंजाब की टीम उपविजेता रही। फैडरेशन के अध्यक्ष एवं हरियाणा के शिक्षा मंत्री श्री रामबिलास शर्मा ने बतौर मुख्य अतिथि चारों टीमों को ट्रॉफी व प्रमाण-पत्र देकर सम्मानित किया। उन्होंने अपने कोष से फैडरेशन को ११ लाख तथा फाइनल में पहुंची चारों टीमों के प्रत्येक खिलाड़ी को ११-११ हजार रूपए का नकद ईनाम भी दिया। पंजाब विश्वविद्यालय चंडीगढ़ में हुई चैंपियनशिप के फाइनल मुकाबले में महिला वर्ग में हरियाणा की टीम ने पंजाब की टीम को ४५-१९ अंकों के अंतर से तथा पुरूष वर्ग में हरियाणा की टीम ने पंजाब की टीम को ३०-१२ अंकों के अंतर से पराजित किया। चैंपियनशिप में कुल १७ राज्यों की टीमों ने हिस्सा लिया। इस अवसर पर शिक्षा मंत्री श्री शर्मा ने घोषणा की कि एमच्योर सर्कल कबड्डी फैडरेशन ऑफ इंडिया के बैनर तले अगले वर्ष पंजाब विश्वविद्यालय चंडीगढ़ में कबड्डी का एशिया कप करवाया जाएगा। उन्होंने विजेता तथा उपविजेता टीम को बधाई देते हुए कहा कि खेल में हार-जीत मायने नहीं रखती,खिलाड़ी को खेल की भावना से खेलना चाहिए। उन्होंने कहा कि हरियाणा सरकार ने खिलाडि़यों के लिए जो खेल नीति बनाई है उससे जहां खिलाडि़यों का हौंसला बढ़ा है वहीं प्रतिभाओं में निखार आया है। उन्होंने सभी खिलाडि़यों से आह्वान किया कि वे केवल जीतने के लिए ही न खेलें बल्कि खेलों से तन व मन भी स्वस्थ रहता है। इस अवसर पर चंडीगढ़ के उपायुक्त श्री अजीत बालाजी जोशी,पर्यावरणविद्ध श्री बलबीर सिंह सींचेवाल,फैडरेशन के उपाध्यक्ष श्री जे.पी शर्मा,नरेंद्र कंग,दविंदर सिंह बाजवा,सेवानिवृत्त डीजीपी चंद्रशेखर के अलावा खेल जगत की कई हस्तियां मौजूद थी। विरेंद्र सहवाग और पूर्व एथलीट ऊषा को चयन समिति के लिए नामित किया गया हरमनप्रीत कौर और मिताली राज को रेलवे में गजेटेड ऑफिसर का पद मिलेगा गॉल टेस्ट: पहले दिन भारत ने ३ विकेट खोकर ३99 रन बनाए गॉल टेस्ट: पहले दिन लंच तक भारत का स्कोर ११५/१ गॉल टेस्ट: भारत का पहला विकेट गिरा, मुकुंद १2 रन बनाकर आउट आज शाम ४ बजे होगी बीसीसीआई की विशेष बैठक भारत-श्रीलंका पहला टेस्ट: भारत टॉस जीता, पहले बल्लेबाजी का फैसला भारतीय महिला क्रिकेट टीम मुंबई पहुंची, एयरपोर्ट पर जोरदार स्वागत श्रीलंका के खिलाफ पहला टेस्ट मैच खेल सकते हैं ऑलराउंडर हार्दिक पंड्या शिमला: हिमाचल प्रदेश सरकार ने क्रिकेटर सुषमा वर्मा को डस्प रैंक की पेशकश
?? Following on in the steps of Fossil Friday and Wildlife Wednesday is Marine Monday, where I’ll share marine related finds from along our beautiful coastline. Hidden mainly from view, below the surface of the sea, in the rock pools, under the waves, there is much “going on” underneath. Today’s post features the Blue Blubber Jelly or Jelly Blubber (Catostylus mosaicus) A jelly encounter The sea jelly is made up of 95% water with only 5% being a solid matter, which is why they are lovely to watch in the ocean but then appear blob-like when washed up upon the shore. Jellies are not fish, and therefore no longer referred to as the good old jelly fish, but are sea jellies (or Cnidarians). They don’t have a backbone (being invertebrate animals), and the general anatomy of jelly’s includes the bell, the tentacles, and the oral arms. Jellies are composed of three layers: an outer layer (epidermis), a middle layer made of a thick, elastic, jelly-like substance called mesoglea; and an inner layer (the gastrodermis). They have limited control over movement, but can use their muscles (the hydrostatic skeleton) to accomplish movement through a pumping action, contraction-pulsations, of the bell-like body, to propel themselves through the water. (Some species of jellies actively swim most of the time while others are passive much of the time.) Their habitat is the water column. Drifting at the mercy of the currents they often accumulate in large numbers in sheltered bays and estuaries. (The formation of these ‘blooms’ is a complex process that depends on ocean currents, nutrients, temperature and ambient oxygen concentrations.) Snorkelling along and finding oneself in a bloom (or in a “smack” which is the term for a group of jellies) is a memorable, exhilarating and gentle experience. The Blue Blubber jelly is the most commonly seen jelly in Victoria and I’ve encountered good numbers in both Geelong and St Leonards. An elementary nervous system, a “nerve net”, allows sea jellies to smell, detect light, and respond to other stimuli. The simple digestive cavity of a sea jelly acts as both its stomach and intestine. The nutrients are absorbed using the gastrodermal lining of the gastrovascular cavity. Like all members of the phylum Cnidaria (which anemones and corals belong to), the body parts of a sea jelly radiate from a central axis, and it is this radial symmetry that allows jellies to detect and respond to food or danger from any direction. Pretty cool. They do not need a respiratory system since their skin is thin enough that the body is oxygenated by diffusion. To identify as a Blue Blubber, they will have a noticeable cross (the gastrovascular cavity) visible through the surface of the bell. The bell is rounded, up to 35 cm across, they have eight textured arms (the texture like cauliflower), and each arm has three ‘wings’. They have stinging cells along the arms which help catch prey (being carnivores). Their body, is fleshy, sturdy and fairly opaque. There colour can vary slightly from a creamy white to a bluey-white as produced by the jellies own pigment. (Some sea jellies have symbiotic relationships with algal plant cells that are kept inside their bodies, which create the colour hues. For those jellies, the algae photosynthesise, converting sunlight into energy that can be used by the sea jelly.) They are either male or female (dioecious). In most jelly species, spawning is controlled by light, so the entire population spawns at about the same time of day, often at either dusk or dawn. To reproduce, both genders release either sperm or eggs into the surrounding water, where the unprotected eggs are fertilized and mature into new organisms. The lifespan of sea jellies typically ranges from only a few hours up to 6 x months, with most of the large coastal jelly’s, like this one, living for about 2 to 6 months. There is an interesting theory associated with the noticeable increase in the numbers of jellies in general around the world. Increased nutrients in the water, ascribed to agricultural run off, climate change, pollution, habitat destruction, trash, chemical waste, and overfishing are suggested for seeing increased numbers of jellies. This is due to; ecosystems in which there are high levels of nutrients, provide nourishment for the small organisms, on which jellyfish feed. In waters where there is eutrophication, low oxygen levels often result, favouring jellies as they thrive in less oxygen-rich water than fish can tolerate. Plastic bags immediately look like sea jellies when in the sea (and in any water). Sea turtles are their natural predator, and whilst the leatherback sea turtle relies on jellies as their main meal, many marine animals including penguins, birds, and crabs, include jellies in their diets. Large adult sea jellies are often accompanied by small fish which hide amongst their tentacles for protection which is super cool to see. The Blue Blubber sea jelly lives in Vic (notably in areas such as Port Philip Bay) NSW and QLD. I photographed and videod these examples at St Leonard’s. The mini photos are parts of various sea jellies as they appear when washed ashore. Happy sea jelly day to you ?
It’s easy to get wrapped up in comparing yourself to other people, athletes, or celebrities with bodies that you admire. Especially with the popularization of the “ripped” physique these days, it can be a bit demotivating if you’re naturally skinny or “big-boned”. Most healthy people can build muscle and lose fat with proper training and nutrition. However, there are certain body type characteristics that you may want to focus on to fully maximize your training efforts. Are you someone with a larger frame and extra body fat? Or maybe you’re a naturally athletic person with noticeable muscle tone? Or perhaps you’re a skinny individual who can eat all day and not put on a pound? Either way, there’s a specific means of training and eating to maximize your efforts and get results. The 3 main body types Have you ever taken a second to notice all of the different body shapes out there? Some guys are long and tall with thin arms and legs, while others are short and stalky like little hulks. Well, about 60 years ago, a psychologist named W.H. Sheldon took it one step further and created somatotypes or categories of body types. According to Sheldon, the 3 main somatotypes for the human physique are ectomorph, mesomorph, and endomorph. Each body type thrives in different conditions. Super lean and long-limbed people tend to do better with endurance activities. While the more muscular mesomorph body types tend to be more suited for speed, agility, and strength. Let’s not forget the endomorphs who are naturally built to pack on muscle and build strength. So, it stands to reason that since each body type embodies different characteristics they all respond differently to various training stimuli and nutritional guidelines. If you’ve ever wondered why your friend can do a specific ab workout and get crazy results, but then you do the same ab workout and seem to just gain more abdominal fat then it may benefit you to figure out what your body type is and cater to your strengths. Ectomorph body type People who fall into the ectomorph category are generally slim, don’t store much body fat, and have longer limbs and muscle bellies. This body type is often referred to as a “hard-gainer”. People who are ectomorphs have higher metabolisms and therefore are constantly burning calories, which makes it difficult to create and hold onto muscle gains. Typical ectomorph characteristics - High metabolism - Low body fat - Harder to gain muscle - Smaller frame (narrow hips and shoulders) - Small or stringy muscle bellies - Long limbs - Excels at endurance Am I an ectomorph? If you answer yes to most of these questions, then you probably are. - Are your hips wider than your shoulders? - Do you have small joints– can you wrap your thumb and middle finger around your wrist so that they’re overlapping? - Are your forearms and calves very slender? - Do you eat a lot of food and still have a hard time gaining weight? - Bruce Lee - Manny Pacquiao - Frank Zane - Michael Phelps - Lance Armstrong - Usain Bolt Ectomorph training and performance Ectomorphs are often described as skinny. However, that doesn’t mean that you can’t gain strength and size. You’ll just need to follow some training principles that are specific to your body type. If you are an ectomorph, you tend to perform better at endurance-based sports such as gymnastics, swimming, and long-distance running. This is due to having less lean body mass, which is common among endurance athletes. The ectomorph body type also predisposes you to be able to regulate your core temperature better, which is an advantage for those partaking in endurance activities. If you look at a long-distance runner, they tend to be long and slender rather than bulky and muscular. This isn’t to say that an endurance athlete can’t be muscular, of course. It’s just harder to maintain large amounts of muscle when you’re training your body to get better at endurance. This is why it’s helpful to balance it with strength training, proper nutrition, and supplements. A person with ectomorph characteristics who wants to build muscle would benefit from heavy, compound, multi-joint movements because they send the strongest muscle-building signals. These include big lifts like: You’ll want to aim for a rep range anywhere from 3-8 reps if you’re lifting heavy and trying to build strength and size. Exercise caution here though, as ectomorphic body types are more prone to injury due to their thinner frame. Especially while using lower reps to build muscle, you’ll want to also use longer rest periods so that you can push hard through your sets. Rest times should be anywhere from 90 seconds to 3 minutes if you’re doing heavy compound movements to build size and strength. Ectomorphs also handle high-intensity training better than the other body types. If this is you, then you can probably tolerate HIIT well, and will also benefit from higher exercise volume (more sets and reps). While ectomorphs are more suited for endurance activities, it would be more advantageous to focus on resistance training to build strength and muscle mass. Avoid doing large amounts of cardio as this sends a signal to the body to eliminate some of your muscle. Ectomorph diet and nutrition As hard-gainers, ectomorphs can eat and eat, and still struggle with weight gain whether it be fat or muscle. A diet high in carbs and protein will result in more lean body mass gains. Aim for a high ratio of carbs, upwards of about 50-60% if your goal is to build muscle. Some of the best starchy carb options include oats, rice, quinoa, sweet potato, whole grain pasta, and beans. Protein should also be a dietary focus. Try to consume a high-quality protein source at every meal. High-quality protein sources include fish, meat, whey, and casein protein shakes, nuts, etc. There are also high-calorie weight-gainer protein shakes that pack way more calories, fat, and carbohydrates than the average protein powder. These can be an option if you find that you’re having a hard time eating enough food and need to supplement with more protein and calories. Example of ectomorph macros: carbs: 55%, protein: 25%, fat: 20% Mesomorph body type This body type is essentially in the middle of the spectrum with a medium frame or build, and is often described as muscular or toned. A mesomorph is shaped more like a wedge with wider shoulders and clavicles, narrowing into a smaller waist. Mesomorphic bodies gain and lose weight easily. However, if you’re not careful the fat gain can creep up on you out of nowhere. So it’s essential to make sure you’re eating a balanced diet and training regularly. As a mesomorph, you’re genetically predisposed to athleticism. With a medium frame, propensity for building lean muscle and maintaining a lower body fat percentage, mesomorphic athletes excel at speed, strength and agility activities. These include sports like soccer, hockey, Olympic weightlifting, and even rugby and bodybuilding. Typical mesomorph characteristics - Lean and toned, muscle definition - Medium frame, with rectangular or wedge shape (wider shoulders and narrow waist) - Long and round muscle bellies - Excel in strength and athleticism - Muscular arms and legs - Gains and lose weight easily Am I a mesomorph? If you answer yes to most of these questions, then you probably are. - Are your hips and shoulders about the same width? - Do you build muscle and notice definition easily? - Are your forearms and calves moderately sized (not very small or large)? - Do you find it easy to both gain and lose weight? - Arnold Schwarzenegger - Jackie Chan - Jay Cutler - Terrell Owens Mesomorph training and performance This body type does very well when it comes to strength and endurance sports. The ability to maintain a low body fat percentage, gain muscle and tolerate endurance activities while also being able to get strong makes them ideal athletes. Many high-performance athletes have predominantly mesomorphic characteristics. If you fit the mesomorph profile, it’s recommended that you find a balance between cardio or aerobic activities and resistance training. While it’s considerably easier for a mesomorph to build muscle compared to an ectomorph, it will still take some effort to put on muscle and keep it. If you’re a mesomorph you’ll be able to tolerate powerlifting style workouts quite well. For training and performance you’ll want to focus on: - Heavy compound exercises - Traditional powerlifting - Olympic lifts - Bodybuilder style workouts - Moderate cardio (about three to four 30-minute sessions a week) - Keep your rest times at around 90 seconds or less. A mesomorph will do well with higher weight and lower reps since they have a good frame for supporting muscle growth, and handle cardio well. It will benefit you to include rep ranges of 1-5 reps in your training if you want to see big strength and size improvements quickly. Mesomorphs also respond exceptionally to a hypertrophy rep range of 8-12. It isn’t essential for mesomorphs to go overboard on cardio. However, implementing a good balance of cardio with your weightlifting will help to keep body fat levels regulated. Although mesomorphic body types don’t store a lot of fat, it can creep up on you if you’re not training properly and eating right consistently. Mesomorph diet and nutrition Mesomorphs thrive when consuming a more balanced macro split. This means that if you’re a mesomorph you tolerate carbs, fats, and proteins equally well. You may not want to consume as many carbs as an ectomorph, as that can contribute to fat storage if not balanced by adequate physical activity. Keep your carbs between 20-50% of your total caloric intake. Focus on getting the bulk of your calories from protein, since this will help to support your muscle growth and maintenance, and keep your metabolism revved up. Eat a balanced diet full of healthy fats, fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and high-quality protein sources to promote your energy levels and maximize your training results. Example of mesomorph macros: carbs: 40%, protein: 35%, fat: 25% Endomorph body type Endomorphic body types tend to be softer with less definition, mostly due to a higher body fat percentage. Building muscle isn’t so much a struggle as fat loss is for endomorphs. If you’re trying to pack on as much muscle as possible, then a larger frame like that of an endomorph is exactly what you want. Despite holding onto adipose tissue, or fat, more readily than an ectomorph or mesomorph, endomorphs are very well suited for strength activities. The ability to gain weight easily means huge mass gains and phenomenal strength improvements when proper programming is applied. Many professional strongmen and powerlifters have dominant endomorph traits that make them perfect for putting up ridiculous amounts of weight. They have a good foundation to build upon in that they have thicker, more robust joints and a larger frame that holds muscle well. Someone with an endomorph body type will usually be shorter in stature, with shorter arms and legs, and a thicker rib cage. They tend to have a boxier shape due to having wide shoulders and a thicker waist. If you tend to store a lot of fat on your body, particularly your upper arms and thighs, then you may be an endomorph. Typical endomorph characteristics - Wide hips and shoulders - More difficult to lose body fat - Bulky, round, soft - Large frame with thicker forearms and calves - Usually shorter in height - Shorter limbs Am I an ectomorph? If you answer yes to most of these questions, then you probably are. - Are your shoulders wider than your hips? - Do you have large joints? (if you wrap your index finger and thumb around your wrist can you get them to touch or overlap? if they don’t even touch you probably have larger joints) - Do you have thick forearms and calves? - Do you gain weight easily but find it hard to lose fat? - Chris Pratt - Marilyn Monroe - Lee Priest - Vince Wilfork - Benedikt Magnusson Endomorph training and performance Endomorphs have a great frame to support heavy lifting and do very well in pure strength sports like powerlifting. Endomorphic body types make great rugby athletes and offensive linemen. However, being able to build and maintain muscle mass makes it easy to pack on the pounds and not so easy to lose them. Endomorphs tend to gain fat along with muscle gains, so it’s important to make sure you’re following a solid training program. If you’re an endomorph, you’ll benefit from: - Compound and isolation exercises - Heavy lifting - More cardio than the other 2 body types - Circuit training Endomorphic athletes have a greater lung capacity than their often smaller framed counterparts, the ectomorphs and mesomorphs. This makes them well suited for rowing and other endurance-strength sports. Whether you’re trying to lose weight or not, cardio should be a staple in your fitness regimen. Regular cardio will strengthen your heart and make you healthier, in addition to preventing excess fat gain as you’re building muscle. Endomorph diet and nutrition Endomorphs have a tendency to be more insulin resistant which means that you may not tolerate carbs as well as the other body types. Instead of consuming lots of starchy carbs, focus on eating lots of fruits and vegetables, and consuming adequate protein and healthy fats. To prevent fat gain, keep your carbohydrates in the low to moderate range at about 10-40% depending on your goals. If you’re trying to lose fat, then you’ll want to aim for about 10-20% carbs. For gaining muscle you’ll want to eat more carbs to support your glycogen stores and protein synthesis. Aim for about 30-40% of carbs as part of your caloric intake if you want to build more mass. Protein and fat will make up the remainder of your calories. You generally don’t want to let your dietary fats to drop below 15% as you need them for basic life processes like hormone production. If you’re eating fewer carbs then you’ll want to balance it by increasing your fat intake upwards of 40% of your daily calories. Some good healthy fat options include olive and coconut oil, avocados, various nuts like almonds, walnuts, pecans and peanuts, nut butters, seeds, and fatty fish like salmon. Protein should range between 25-50% of your calories and come from lean sources to prevent fat gain. Some high-quality lean protein sources include wild game meats like venison, rabbit, and bison. Other options for protein are powder supplements like whey, casein and egg protein, whole eggs, tofu and tempeh, beans and legumes, nuts and seeds, milk, chicken, turkey, lean beef and fish. If you’re on the go a lot, protein bars are an excellent choice to get your protein in during the day. Example of endomorph macros: carbs: 30%, protein: 40%, fat: 30% A combination of body types The original body type classifications are a bit extreme, so most people don’t fit perfectly into one category. Instead, the majority of people fall somewhere along a spectrum between two of the body types. Most people tend to lean more toward one classification while also sharing characteristics with another, such as an ecto-mesomorph or an endo-mesomorph. It is possible to look like one body type but respond to training as another body type would. If you are more of an in-between body type, it’s important to focus on your strengths and pay attention to what is and isn’t working. For example, you could be an endomorph and have a larger frame but mostly store weight in your upper body. This would mean that your legs and glutes are pretty lean and potentially well defined while you tend to carry more fat in your torso and upper arms. If you were to overconsume carbohydrates you’d run the risk of gaining more fat on your upper body. A more effective approach would be to focus on compound movements for your upper body. This will help you to build more muscle and increase muscle definition while speeding up your metabolism to help burn off some of the fat. Another example would be an ectomorph who has a small frame but builds muscle easily like a mesomorph. In this case, it’s important to focus on form and gradual strength progressions to prevent injury and potential overload. Smart training principles, safe technique, and proper nutrient goals will help you to maximize your body’s natural abilities. Regardless of which body type category you fit into, moderation, consistency, and balance are the keys to success.
Acta Cryst. (2013). E69, m179-m180 [ doi:10.1107/S1600536813004947 ] Abstract: The title salt, [CoBr(C11H27N5)]Br2·2H2O, contains a complex cation with mirror symmetry and two Br- counter-anions that are likewise located on the mirror plane. The central CoIII atom of the complex cation has one Br- ion in an axial position, one N atom of the pentadentate macrocyclic ligand in the other axial position and four N atoms of the ligand in equatorial positions, defining a distorted octahedral coordination geometry. The macrocyclic ligand is coordinated to the CoIII atom within a 5, 6, 5 arrangement of chelate rings in the equatorial plane of the four N atoms. Due to symmetry, the configuration of the chiral N atoms is 1RS, 4SR, 10RS, 13SR. In the crystal, N-HBr, O-HBr and N-HO hydrogen bonds between the complex cation, anions and lattice water molecules generate a three-dimensional network. Hyper-Text Markup Language (HTML) file Tagged Image Format File (TIF) image To open or display or play some files, you may need to set your browser up to use the appropriate software. See the full list of file types for an explanation of the different file types and their related mime types and, where available links to sites from where the appropriate software may be obtained. The download button will force most browsers to prompt for a file name to store the data on your hard disk. Where possible, images are represented by thumbnails. Copyright © International Union of Crystallography
I've been working on implementing code from papers such as The Slab Allocator: An Object-Caching Kernel Memory Allocator. This has kind of got me wondering now... How do these guys get these papers published? The closest I've gotten in my search for this answer is the IETF's RFCs, but what if your paper doesn't discuss an Internet-related concept? And if it's not too much to ask (there's got to be someone here who knows), how difficult is it to actually be published? Do you have to present a new idea, or can you compare and contrast several existing ideas (where discussion does not already exist)? This question seems to have come up before, but I'd like to know from a perspective that does not focus only on GC, but on a broader scale. For the record I don't actually have a paper, I'm more interested in the work involved and the avenues through which papers are published.
import gevent import os import random import shutil import tempfile import unittest2 import zerorpc from raven.base import Client from raven.contrib.zerorpc import SentryMiddleware class TempStoreClient(Client): def __init__(self, servers=None, kwargs): self.events = [] super(TempStoreClient, self).__init__(servers=servers, kwargs) def send(self, **kwargs): self.events.append(kwargs) class ZeroRPCTest(unittest2.TestCase): def setUp(self): self._socket_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix='ravenzerorpcunittest') self._server_endpoint = 'ipc://{0}'.format(os.path.join( self._socket_dir, 'random_zeroserver' )) self._sentry = TempStoreClient() zerorpc.Context.get_instance().register_middleware(SentryMiddleware( client=self._sentry )) self._server = zerorpc.Server(random) self._server.bind(self._server_endpoint) gevent.spawn(self._server.run) self._client = zerorpc.Client() self._client.connect(self._server_endpoint) def test_zerorpc_middleware(self): try: self._client.choice([]) except zerorpc.exceptions.RemoteError as ex: self.assertEqual(ex.name, 'IndexError') self.assertEqual(len(self._sentry.events), 1) exc = self._sentry.events[0]['sentry.interfaces.Exception'] self.assertEqual(exc['type'], 'IndexError') frames = self._sentry.events[0]['sentry.interfaces.Stacktrace']['frames'] self.assertEqual(frames[0]['function'], 'choice') self.assertEqual(frames[0]['module'], 'random') return self.fail('An IndexError exception should have been raised an catched') def tearDown(self): self._client.close() self._server.close() shutil.rmtree(self._socket_dir, ignore_errors=True)
A Short History Sinclair Lewis was born February 7, 1885. His place of birth was Sauk Centre, Minnesota. During the year of 1920, Sinclair published the book Main Street. The story centered around a girl in a droll marriage and her attempts to liven up her town. In 1922 Sinclair went on to publish the book Babbit. This book focused on the character George F. Babbit. This character was known for his lack of morals and his stupidity. Yet the character still remained well loved. His other books from the twenty's are as follows: Arrowsmith (1925), Elmer Gantry (1927), and Dodsworth (1929). In 1930 Sinclair was the first American to win the Nobel Prize for Literature. Sinclair died January 10, 1951, due to a heart attack in a small clinic just outside of Rome, Italy.
Deception Pass is a narrow, tidal passage between Fidalgo Island on the north and Whidbey Island on the south in Skagit and Island counties. It is subject to strong tides and perilous to inexperienced navigators. In 1790, this feature was named Boca de Flon by Manuel Quimper. The same name was charted by Juan Francisco de Eliza. In 1792, Capt. George Vancouver named it Port Gardner, not knowing that the channel was open at the west end. When Joseph Whidbey of his command found the western outlet, Vancouver renamed it Deception Passage, because he had been deceived as to its nature. In 1841, Cmdr. Charles Wilkes used Vancouver’s name on his charts. The name has since been shortened to its present form.
input1=input("Enter your message: ") #user input of string plain=input1 #reassign variable firsthalf = "" #initializing the firsthalf variable secondhalf = "" #initializing the secondhalf variable placeholder = 0 #starting at place 0 of string, which is the first character for c in plain: #forloop for string if placeholder % 2 == 0: #determines if index place is even firsthalf = firsthalf + c #adds character to variable firsthalf (counter) else: secondhalf = secondhalf + c #if index place is not even (odd) then adds characters to variable secondhalf placeholder = placeholder + 1 #counter for index place cipher= firsthalf + secondhalf #concantenates the first half and second half of the enciphered message print('plain = "%s"; cipher = "%s"' %(plain,cipher)) #formatted in print form
The Political American Dream: Reimagining American Optimism in Political, Not Economic, Terms Author: Colleen Mitchell This paper seeks to understand the American Dream in more political and less economic terms. The political American Dream presents a more collective understanding of the American Dream that prioritizes the principles of the Declaration of Independence: freedom, equality, and union. Such a political understanding can be found in the writings of Abraham Lincoln, Martin Luther King, Jr., and Barack Obama; they believed that the principles of the Declaration have the power to bring together Americans, particularly American racial minorities and immigrants. This paper contends that a political understanding of the American Dream can better unite Americans and contribute to contemporary debates about immigration policy. Colleen Mitchell is a Ph.D. Candidate in Political Science and a Gender Studies Minor at the University of Notre Dame. Her work focuses on Ancient and Early Modern Political Thought, as well as Politics and Literature and Gender and Politics. She is currently working on her dissertation, “The Political Lessons of Rome: Augustine and Machiavelli on the Eternal City.”
Вы находитесь на странице: 1из 18 # Beams ## Shear & Moment Diagrams E. Evans 2/9/06 Beams • Members that are slender and support loads applied perpendicular to their longitudinal axis. ## Distributed Load, w(x) Concentrated Load, P Longitudinal Axis Span, L Types of Beams • Depends on the support configuration FH Pin FV FV FH Fixed Roller M Fv Roller Pin FH FV FV Statically Indeterminate Beams Continuous Beam Propped Cantilever Beam ## • Can you guess how we find the “extra” reactions? Internal Reactions in Beams • At any cut in a beam, there are 3 possible internal reactions required for equilibrium: – normal force, – shear force, – bending moment. P a b L Internal Reactions in Beams • At any cut in a beam, there are 3 possible internal reactions required for equilibrium: – normal force, – shear force, – bending moment. Positive Directions Shown!!! Left Side of Cut M N Pb/L V x Internal Reactions in Beams • At any cut in a beam, there are 3 possible internal reactions required for equilibrium: – normal force, – shear force, – bending moment. Positive Directions Shown!!! M V Right Side of Cut N Pa/L L-x Finding Internal Reactions • Pick left side of the cut: – Find the sum of all the vertical forces to the left of the cut, including V. Solve for shear, V. – Find the sum of all the horizontal forces to the left of the cut, including N. Solve for axial force, N. It’s usually, but not always, 0. – Sum the moments of all the forces to the left of the cut about the point of the cut. Include M. Solve for bending moment, M • Pick the right side of the cut: – Same as above, except to the right of the cut. Example: Find the internal reactions at points indicated. All axial force reactions are zero. Points are 2-ft apart. P = 20 kips 1 2 3 4 5 8 9 10 6 7 8 kips 12 kips 12 ft 20 ft ## Point 6 is just left of P and Point 7 is just right of P. P = 20 kips 1 2 3 4 5 8 9 10 6 7 8 kips 12 kips 12 ft 20 ft 8 kips V x (kips) -12 kips 96 80 64 72 48 48 32 16 24 M x (ft-kips) V & M Diagrams P = 20 kips 8 kips 12 kips 12 ft 20 ft 8 kips V (kips) x ## What is the slope -12 kips of this line? 96 ft-kips What is the slope 96 ft-kips/12’ = 8 kips b of this line? -12 kips M a c (ft-kips) x V & M Diagrams P = 20 kips 8 kips 12 kips 12 ft 20 ft 8 kips V (kips) x ## What is the area of the blue rectangle? -12 kips 96 ft-kips What is the area of 96 ft-kips the green rectangle? b -96 ft-kips M a c (ft-kips) x Draw Some Conclusions • The magnitude of the shear at a point equals the slope of the moment diagram at that point. • The area under the shear diagram between two points equals the change in moments between those two points. • At points where the shear is zero, the moment is a local maximum or minimum. The Relationship Between Load, Shear and Bending Moment ## w ( x )  the load function V( x )  w ( x )dx M( x )   V( x )dx Common Relationships 0 Constant Linear Load Shear ## Linear Parabolic Cubic Moment Common Relationships 0 0 Constant Load M Shear ## Linear Linear Parabolic Moment Example: Draw Shear & Moment diagrams for the following beam 12 kN 8 kN A C D B 1m 3m 1m RA = 7 kN  RC = 13 kN  12 kN 8 kN A C D B 1m 3m 1m 7 8 7 8 V (kN) -15 -5 7 M (kN-m) 2.4 m -8
Evaluation of Subsidy Programmes This research group focuses on two main research questions: (i) What is the causal effect of cooperative innovation activities on the performance of firms and regions? (ii) What are the causal effects of public Research and Development (R&D) support schemes on the performance of firms and regions? The first research question concerns the dynamics of firms and regions as a result of their different innovation activities. We apply a micro-based integrative perspective on innovative activities which allows identifying causal effects of cooperative activities on specific outcomes (e. g., patent applications, scientific publications, employment growth, or productivity growth). Concerning the second research question, recent studies mainly focus on the evaluation of one specific subsidy scheme. Research in this group aims to overcome this shortcoming by considering various support schemes. Indicators for the firms’ success are (amongst others) patent applications and employment growth. The results allow insights for the future design of innovation support schemes. Research ClusterInstitutions and Social Norms 09.2019 ‐ 09.2022 Establishing Evidence-based Evaluation Methods for Subsidy Programmes in Germany (EVA-KULT) European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) The project aims at expanding the Centre for Evidence-based Policy Advice at the Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH-CEP). 01.2018 ‐ 12.2020 Networked growth - Innovative Saxony-Anhalt through digital business models (Competence Center 4.0) Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy (BMWI) 01.2017 ‐ 12.2018 Political Participation in Eastern Germany Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy (BMWI) 12.2015 ‐ 11.2018 Socio-economic Effects of Research on Innovative Approaches for POC Diagnostics Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) Part of the EXASENS project. Coordinated by the Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) in Jena, nine Leibniz institutes are working together on researching point-of-care (POC) technology for the prediction and diagnosis of chronic inflammatory respiratory diseases. See press release. 02.2017 ‐ 02.2018 The Importance of Non-University Research Institutions for the Development of Firms and Regions (Be_For_Reg-Projekt) Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) 01.2015 ‐ 12.2016 Evaluation of the "Joint Task 'Improving the Regional Economic Structure'" in the Federal State of Saxony-Anhalt A Systemic View on Knowledge-based Development Metrics in: International Journal of Knowledge-Based Development, No. 1, 2012 Drawing on the systems perspective of innovation processes, this article proposes a conceptual approach for a comprehensive analysis of regional knowledge generation and transfer. Instead of focusing on one single indicator, the approach emphasizes the importance to take multiple channels of knowledge transfer into account. This provides valuable insights into the spatial structure of innovation processes on different levels. We disentangle the innovation process and consider four different layers: i.) publications in peer-reviewed journals, ii.) patent applications, iii.) formal R&D collaboration projects, the iv.) localized input-output relations. Further, we demonstrate the relevance of the „multi-layer approach‟ by applying it empirically to a specific regional innovation system: The Free State of Saxony – a federal state in Germany. We argue that the approach could be a valuable tool to inform policy-makers about knowledge-based regional development strategies. The Identification of Regional Industrial Clusters Using Qualitative Input-Output Analysis (QIOA) in: Regional Studies, No. 1, 2011 The 'cluster theory' has become one of the main concepts promoting regional competitiveness, innovation, and growth. As most empirical applications focus on measures of concentration of one industrial branch in order to identify regional clusters, the appropriate analysis of specific vertical relations is developing in this discussion. This paper tries to identify interrelated sectors via national input-output tables with the help of minimal flow analysis (MFA). The regionalization of these national industry templates is carried out with the allocation of branch-specific production values on regional employment. As a result, the paper shows concentrations of vertical clusters in only 27 of 439 German Nomenclature des Unite´s Territoriales Statistiques (NUTS)-3 regions. Economic Structure and Regional Performance in Germany, 2002-2007 in: European Planning Studies, No. 2, 2012 This paper explores the impact of industrial clusters on regional growth at the German labour market region level using a regional convergence model. Based on the results of an exploratory study of the geography of German industrial clusters, we are able to differentiate the impact of industrial clustering from a horizontal and a vertical perspective while taking regional convergence into consideration. The results indicate that in addition to an all-German process of convergence, a specific East German one can be identified. The different types of industrial clusters show mixed effects within this framework. While vertically isolated industrial clusters have a negative impact on regional growth in this period, positive growth effects can be identified when industrial clusters show an intra-regional vertical interconnectedness. Identifying Industrial Clusters from a Multidimensional Perspective: Methodical Aspects with an Application to Germany in: Papers in Regional Science, No. 2, 2011 If regional development agencies assume the cluster concept to be an adequate framework to promote regional growth and competitiveness, it is necessary to identify industrial clusters in a comprehensive manner. Previous studies used a diversity of methods to identify the predominant concentrations of economic activity in one industrial sector in a region. This paper is based on a multidimensional approach developed by Titze et al. With the help of the combination of concentration measures and input–output methods they were able to identify horizontal and vertical dimensions of industrial clusters. This paper aims to reﬁne this approach by using a superior measure of spatial concentration and by integrating information about spatial interdependence of industrial cluster structures to contribute to a more adequate framework for industrial cluster identiﬁcation. Die Identifikation horizontaler und vertikaler industrieller Clusterstrukturen in Deutschland – Ein neues Verfahren und erste empirische Ergebnisse in: Raumforschung und Raumordnung, No. 5, /6 2009 . If regional development agencies assume the cluster concept to be an adequate framework to promote regional growth and competitiveness, it is necessary to identify industrial clusters in a comprehensive manner. Previous studies used a diversity of methods starting with specific regional case studies, input-output methods and different concentration measures. This article presents a new instrument in empirical cluster research – the Qualitative Input-Output Analysis –, which offers the possibility to identify industrial cluster in conjunction with concentration measures. Especially, this method allows the combination of an identified critical mass of regional firms with the necessity of interaction of these firms within an input-output framework. Applying this method to Germany’s “Arbeitsmarktregionen” we find that 103 “Arbeitsmarkregionen“ show first signs of horizontal industrial clusters, while only 28 regions are able to attract vertical industrial clusters. 139 “Arbeitsmarktregionen” did not show signs of industrial clusters according to the research design. Do Manufacturing Firms Benefit from Services FDI? – Evidence from Six New EU Member States in: IWH Discussion Papers, No. 5, 2015 This paper focuses on the effect of foreign presence in the services sector on the productivity growth of downstream customers in the manufacturing sector in six EU new member countries in the course of their accession to the European Union. For this purpose, the analysis combines firm-level information, data on economic structures and annual national input-output tables. The findings suggest that services FDI may enhance productivity of manufacturing firms in Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries through vertical forward spillovers, and thereby contribute to their competitiveness. The consideration of firm characteristics shows that the magnitude of spillover effects depends on size, ownership structure, and initial productivity level of downstream firms as well as on the diverging technological intensity across sector on the supply and demand side. The results suggest that services FDI foster productivity of domestic rather than foreign controlled firms in the host economy. For the period between 2003 and 2008, the findings suggest that the increasing share of services provided by foreign affiliates enhanced the productivity growth of domestic firms in manufacturing by 0.16%. Furthermore, the firms’ absorptive capability and the size reduce the spillover effect of services FDI on the productivity of manufacturing firms. A sectoral distinction shows that firms at the end of the value chain experience a larger productivity growth through services FDI, whereas the aggregate positive effect seems to be driven by FDI in energy supply. This does not hold for science-based industries, which are spurred by foreign presence in knowledge-intensive business services. Isolation and Innovation – Two Contradictory Concepts? Explorative Findings from the German Laser Industry in: IWH Discussion Papers, No. 1, 2015 We apply a network perspective and study the emergence of core-periphery (CP) structures in innovation networks to shed some light on the relationship between isolation and innovation. It has been frequently argued that a firm’s location in a densely interconnected network area improves its ability to access information and absorb technological knowledge. This, in turn, enables a firm to generate new products and services at a higher rate compared to less integrated competitors. However, the importance of peripheral positions for innovation processes is still a widely neglected issue in literature. Isolation may provide unique conditions that induce innovations which otherwise may never have been invented. Such innovations have the potential to lay the ground for a firm’s pathway towards the network core, where the industry’s established technological knowledge is assumed to be located. The aim of our paper is twofold. Firstly, we propose a new CP indicator and apply it to analyze the emergence of CP patterns in the German laser industry. We employ publicly funded Research and Development (R&D) cooperation project data over a period of more than two decades. Secondly, we explore the paths on which firms move from isolated positions towards the core (and vice versa). Our exploratory results open up a number of new research questions at the intersection between geography, economics and network research. Does Proximity Matter in the Choice of Partners in Collaborative R&D Projects? – An Empirical Analysis of Granted Projects in Germany in: IWH Discussion Papers, No. 12, 2014 This paper contributes to the discussion on the importance of physical distance in the emergence of cross-region collaborative Research and Development (R&D) interactions. The proximity theory, and its extensions, is used as a theoretical framework. A spatial interaction model for count data was implemented for the empirical analysis of German data from the period from 2005 to 2010. The results show that all tested proximity measurements (geographical, cognitive, social and institutional proximity) have a significant positive influence on collaboration intensity. The proximity paradox, however, cannot be confirmed for geographical, social and institutional proximity, but for cognitive proximity. Is Subsidizing Companies in Difficulties an Optimal Policy? An Empirical Study on the Effectiveness of State Aid in the European Union in: IWH Discussion Papers, No. 9, 2014 Even though state aid in order to rescue or restructure ailing companies is regularly granted by European governments, it is often controversially discussed. The aims for rescuing companies are manifold and vary from social, industrial and even political considerations. Well-known examples are Austrian Airlines (Austria) or MG Rover (Great Britain). Yet, this study aims to answer the question whether state aid is used effectively and whether the initial aim why aid has been paid has been reached, i.e. the survival of the company. By using data on rescued companies in the EU and applying a survival analysis, this paper investigates the survival rates of these companies up to 15 years after the aid has been paid. In addition, the results are compared to the survival rates of non-rescued companies which have also been in difficulties. The results suggest that despite the financial support, business failure is often only post-poned; best survival rates have firms with long-term restructuring, enterprises in Eastern Europe, smaller firms and mature companies. However, non-funded companies have an even higher ratio to go bankrupt. Related Variety, Unrelated Variety and Regional Functions: A spatial panel approach in: Papers in Evolutionary Economic Geography, 2013 The paper presents estimates for the impact of related variety, unrelated variety and the functions a region performs in the production process on regional employment growth in Germany. We argue that regions benefit from the existence of related activities that facilitate economic development. Thereby the sole reliance of the related and unrelated variety concept on standard industrial classifications (SIC) remains debatable. We offer estimations for establishing that conceptual progress can be made when the focus of analysis goes beyond solely considering industries. We develop an industry-function based approach of related and unrelated variety and test our hypothesis by the help of spatial panel approach. Our findings suggest that related variety as same as unrelated variety facilitate regional employment growth in Germany. However, the drivers behind these effects do differ. While the positive effect of related variety is driven by high degrees of relatedness in the regional “R&D” and “White-Collar”-functions, the effects of unrelated variety are spurred by “Blue Collar”-functions in this period.
What kid doesn’t like animals!? In this ABC Order Center, you’ll find sets of animals cards grouped together by animal habitat/type. Some sets have animals that all begin with a different letter, and others have two or three words that begin with the same letter. Putting things in alphabetical order is one of those skills that was never a big focus in any curriculum//standards I used, but it would ALWAYS pop up on assessments. This is part of the reason why I created ABC Order Centers in the first place. Included in the center are various recording sheets/writing pages so you can differentiate basked on your student’s needs and abilities. I LOVE including the writing pages because it never hurts to squeeze in writing practice wherever you can! There are twelve sets of animal cards included. Each set is labeled and color coded to keep them together easily. You could, of course, mix them up to create your own unique sets. The types of animals that are included are: - Ocean Animals - Farm Animals - Pond Animals - Forest Animals - Arctic Animals - Desert Animals - African Animals - Asian Animals - Australian Animals - Rainforest Animals - and Bugs This resource can be used: - As a classroom literacy center - As an independent or early-finisher activity - As a whole group way to introduce ABC order - As a small group activity - A supplemental activity to a science or animal unit of study It can be used by teachers in a classroom or small group setting or by homeschoolers or parents looking for a fun way to practice alphabetizing and writing. Students will select a set of animal cards and then arrange them in alphabetical order. They will then record their answers on any one of the recording sheets. Some of the recording sheets have a place to write the words in ABC order, write sentences for each animal, and illustrate a picture to match a sentence. There is also one bonus practice page where students alphabetize groups of animal related words.
from bit import * def pairwise_swap(n): """Perform a pairwise swap for odd-even bits in the number with as few instructions as possible. eg. swap 0 and 1, 2 and 3, etc...""" mask = 0 for i in range(0, 64, 2): mask += 2 ** i # Odd numbers odds = mask & n # Even numbers evens = (mask << 1) & n # Do swap swap = logical_right_shift(evens) \| odds << 1 print(swap) pairwise_swap(477)
def ebob(number1,number2): temp = 0 if(number1>=number2): for i in range(1,number2+1): if(number2%i == 0 and number1%i==0): if(temp<i): temp = i else: if (number2 > number1): for i in range(1, number1+1): if (number2 % i == 0 and number1 % i == 0): if (temp < i): temp = i return temp num1 = int(input("Birinci Sayiyi Giriniz:")) num2 = int(input("Ikinci Sayiyi Giriniz:")) print("E.B.O.B:{}".format(ebob(num1,num2)))
जन्म अगस्त 1981 में अंग्रेजी शहर बर्मिंघम में, वेस्ट मिडलैंड्स क्षेत्र में स्थित था। वह विश्वविद्यालय गए और अपनी विश्वविद्यालय अवधि के दौरान एक कपड़े की दुकान में काम किया। उन्होंने 2012 में 29 साल की उम्र में पोर्न इंडस्ट्री में प्रवेश किया, एक पार्टी में पोर्न अभिनेता कीरन ली से मिलने के बाद, जिन्होंने उन्हें एक निर्माता, ब्रेज़्ज़र्स के हाथों अपनी किस्मत आज़माने के लिए आमंत्रित किया, जिसके साथ उनका एक अनुबंध था। लखनऊ: उत्तर प्रदेश में तबलीगी जमात के 1203 लोगों को अब तक चिन्हित किया गया है और उनमें से 897 लोगों का चिकित्सकीय परीक्षण कराया गया है। अपर मुख्य सचिव (गृह एवं सूचना) अवनीश कुमार अवस्थी ने शुक्रवार को यहां संवाददाताओं से कहा, पूरे प्रदेश में तबलीगी जमात पर कार्रवाई करने के लिए पिछले तीन दिनों से अभियान छेड़ा गया है और ऐसे में बहुत अधिक संख्या में लोगों को, जहां जहां भी वे मस्जिदों में थे, जहां जहां भी वे धार्मिक स्थलों पर थे, उनको बुला कर पृथक केंद्रों में डाला गया है । लखनऊ. यूपी पुलिस में लंबे समय से प्रमोशन के इंतजार में बैठे सिपाहियों को जल्द उत्तर प्रदेश पुलिस विभाग की तरफ से बड़ी खुशखबरी मिल सकती है। यूपी में लगभग 30</s>
Stress, Crisis, Relationships Counsellor Carlow Stress is an everyday part of life but when stress starts to control your life the added support of talking to a Counsellor in a confidential setting can be of great assistance. Relationships or work crisis can be some of the issues that cause unmanageable stress. Contact me today at Le Chéile Counselling and together we can discuss the issues in a safe non-judgemental environment. covid update June 25th 2021 Hello everyone, and welcome. Its been a very difficult time for everyone over the last year and a half. We have had time on our hands maybe for the first time in many years. This has been good in ways but has also allowed new awarenesses to come to the fore. Talking in a safe non judgemental space, like one to one, face to face/telephone counselling sessions may help identify and process some of these new awarenesses. Contact me today to make an appointment on 0873910411. Le Chéile Counselling Carlow 0873910411 Kildare, Laois, Kilkenny, Wexford and surrounding counties. Qualifications: Bsc.(Hons) in Counselling & Psychotherapy - PCI College and Middlesex University. I.A.C.P. Fully Accredited Home Le Chéile \| Anxiety, Self Esteem \| Depression Counselling \| Relationships counselling \| stress Crisis, \| Bereavement Grief \| One to one \| Personal Counselling \| Panic Attacks, \| Separation, Divorce, \| Retirement, Decision . \| Anger Inner \| Addiction, Bullying, \| Getting started \| Loss,Counsellor Carlow \| What to expect \| online /phone counselling \| About Le Chéile About Le Chéile \| Contact Le Chéile Contact carlow \| what we do what we do for you \| Ethical Standards Non-judgemental Counselling
This paper presents the first research on cases where offenders initiate contact with other individuals over the internet and incite, or conspire (IIIC) with, them to commit child sexual abuse (CSA). Interviews and record searches were carried out among local police services in the UK. IIIC cases were found to be diverse in terms of their typology but rare with regard to the extent of known cases. They were similar to other CSA in relation to victim and offender characteristics but were distinct with regard to offenders' modi operandi. IIIC cases should be viewed as an additional and serious category of internet-related CSA, and one about which there needs to be much more awareness and researc To submit an update or takedown request for this paper, please submit an Update/Correction/Removal Request.
The second Friday of October has been designated as World Egg Day, with a focus on eggs as a food source. But during the late 19th and early 20th century, collecting wild birds eggs was a popular hobby. Many museums and their collections originated during this time, and many people displayed natural history objects in their homes. Collecting natural history objects — such as bird eggs — became a popular hobby. Egg collectors were fascinated by the variety of sizes, shapes and patterns seen in eggs. The hobby inspired magazines and a system of egg dealers and traders around the world, with rare eggs fetching high prices. The interest in eggs also stimulated much scientific research, called Oology (or oölogy), a branch of ornithology studying bird eggs, nests and breeding behavior. Eventually, most private egg collections were given to museums so they could be preserved for future generations to study. It’s now illegal to collect wild bird eggs in the United States as well as in England, but the eggs collected decades ago continue to provide detailed data for scientific researchers. The Delaware Museum of Natural History has the second largest collection of bird eggs in North America, with more than 36,500 clutches of eggs and associated data. Many of the eggs date from 1900 or earlier, and are a valuable record of the diversity of bird eggs as well as representing historical information about birds and places that have changed dramatically over time. Scientists from around the world use DMNH’s collection in their research. This rare egg, from the extinct elephant bird, is one of the largest eggs in the world. It’s on exhibit at the Delaware Museum of Natural History. A sampling of the collection is on exhibit, including a rare egg from the extinct elephant bird contrasted with smaller eggs, including a tiny hummingbird egg. The elephant bird, which became extinct around the 17th century, had been the largest bird alive before its extinction, and its eggs are the largest bird eggs currently known. DMNH’s elephant bird egg is mentioned on this Wikipedia page as one of only a few intact elephant bird eggs currently in collections.
During times of difficulty and great anguish, the subtlety of human thought suffers. There is not the attention to detail, and nuance seems only hypocritical. What a relaxed mind, one at ease in a secure environment can do, a stressed mind cannot. This is easily understandable. This understanding should have caused humans to aspire for security and peace, but it has instead been used to create mischief. There are also those who, out of a sense of envy and hate wish to create difficulties for those who still have a peaceful existence. Why would someone want to do this? It is difficult to understand. Should it not be desirable and doable to have a measure of peace and security for all people? Certain beliefs have long existed in both, religion and in philosophical thought, that shows a fascination with evil. What is evil? It could most simply be identified as, the deliberate injuring of another. Evil is malice. Yes, there is unintentional injury also possible at the hands and mouths of humans. This can be understood through later examination. It can be grounds for exoneration. A man can truly abandon any improper guilt if he admits his own error. Once it becomes clear that, something was not done out of malice, peace can be restored. A person can have peace within himself. He can also find peace with others. The beliefs which paranoia is known by, disallow a person from having inner peace. Such a person is always afflicted by suspicion of others. The reasons for holding such beliefs can be complex. However, the existence of the belief can itself be put to the test by comparing it to evidence. Does the evidence show over a period of time, that the suspicion is validated? Let us spend a little time understanding this. If a person is determined to be suspicious of an individual or a community, his mind becomes conditioned to finding the very evidence that supports his claim. He can become a faultfinder. His negativity even attains a patience. He waits to find the terminal flaw in his “enemy” to prove his suspicions. Without his conscious realization, he has become paranoid! Once it is deeply set, he might find no escape. If a person is – as examples – suspicious of white people, or of Jews, or black people, or Muslims he will keep finding evidence. Where his suspicion is invalidated, he disregards the evidence as inconsequential. At the other extreme, we can take the most unlikely example of a person who is willing to believe all others. Such a mind of a child is most unready for the reality of the world we live in. How could such a person accept that this world has thieves, murderers, and liars? How could he understand that such people can emerge from any religion, nation, or from any political conviction? Even more so, he is willing to live by the idea that his own good will not allow evil to come upon him. When the evil unfailingly comes and trust is broken, only time shows if a person will re-emerge from his descent into the deep well of suspicions. Of course, the balance between the paranoid and the naively trusting is the sort of person who keeps his thinking and decisions measured. It takes more effort and deprives a person of knowing the joy of being fully able to trust someone, but it helps one be realistically safer. The world we live in does not allow us the freedom to have absolute trust. We still like to believe in its possibility, though. How can we keep a protective balance? We are going through tremendous social changes at this time. Humanity is in the grip of a time of great transition. And it is not as if a change happens in society, then everyone gets time to adjust. Wave after wave of change and even many cross-winds over the surface of human society are churning everything up and down. Either one steps away from the changes, or one goes so deep into the sea, he becomes unaffected by these changes. Both these possibilities seem next to impossible right now. What so many are choosing to do is, jumping right into these social changes and hoping to still the sea of mankind. The simple advice given in the private settings of a room, sitting opposite to a counselor seems to be insipid during the great turmoil. The advice should match the enormity of the challenge. Or, there has to be an honest admission of not having the desired answers. Everything has seemingly come out of the privacy of a room, and out into the open society. Every day, there are conversations on social networking sites. In these, there is as much advice and diversity of opinion as there are people. Soon, there is such a deluge, that nothing seems to have a meaning anymore. There still is an answer. We have to honestly admit, with humility, that we are confronted by forces that are too great for any man to face. Rather than taking the fight to society and its members, why not reconsider the need to fight. Fighting will not solve anything! The arguments will never end. One thing is clear: staying in the problematic, turbulent environment will produce stress. When stress heightens and stays so for a long time, balanced thought succumbs to it. The means to tackle paranoia and extremism Paranoia and extremism feed each-other. The imbalance in thought causes a person to resort to black-and-white conclusions. It would, however, be a mistake to think that the entire mechanism to handle these two negatives – paranoia and extremism – rests entirely within the individual human being. As human beings, we are naturally connected with our environments and with others. Who we choose to remain bonded to is, to a large extent in our own hands. Beyond that, associations and influences are not in our control. So what needs to be done? Just like a person who is seeking to altogether give up a harmful habit needs a combination of courage and strategy, the same way it takes courage and strategy to give up harmful influences. Not only harmful ways of thinking but also those who keep us stagnated in those beliefs need to be disassociated from. Yes, one needs to disassociate from harmful companions and negative beliefs. In doing so, one would most naturally feel the need to replace those associates and beliefs with what is healthy. If the vacuum isn’t filled, evil will fill it. In this case, paranoia and extremism are the evil we seek to remedy. Over a longer period of time, a balance will be found in which, there is the ability to be suspicious when needed and also to be trusting where deserved. Once such a balance is found, the effort would be to maintain it through proper use of internal thought mechanisms and intelligent association with external factors. It wouldn’t be wrong to say, there is even a legitimate place for paranoia and extreme thinking. It also wouldn’t be wrong to conclude, there is the rare time when absolute trust is required. Both have been found in times of war. Those are the extremes of life which one hopes not to remain in. May it be, when you find yourself in either extreme, you find the wisdom to do just as is proper at its time! I hope, we much rather find peace and security.
Forward Facing. Multi-Level. Evolutionary Design. When it comes to designing your STEM/STEAM space it’s important to consider the effects the classroom environment will have on the learning process. In order to promote project-based collaborative learning and support evolving teaching methods, your environment must be able to adapt to changes quickly and efficiently. The Elevation Table by CiF makes this possible. With options of wood and metal, the Elevation Table is a perfect fit for any classroom design. CiF Lab Solution’s Elevation Table is a forward facing, multi-level, ADA compliant table system that takes students from 31” lecture to 37” standing height in seconds with the push of a button. Having one table system that can accommodate all of your educational needs with ease allows more time for learning and exploration. The days of traditional single-function classroom furniture are declining and in order to keep up with the evolving STEM/STEAM curriculum, classrooms must offer students a range of motion and movement. Elevation Instructor’s Station Demonstration Table. Ergonomically Designed. Our boomerang shaped instructor’s station was designed to allow teachers to effortlessly move around their space and perform demonstrations with ease. Equipped with options for ample storage, plumbing and electrical services, and accessories, allowing instructors to have everything they need within reach. Elevate Your Knowledge. Hover over each spot to reveal product specific information.
import abc class AbstractResult(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta): @abc.abstractmethod def get_results_formated(self): pass
Bees are our friends, despite the occasional painful bee sting and medical concern of allergies to bee stings. Bees pollinate the plants that produce our food and, therefore, are required for our survival. There are many more species than just the honeybee, which is a species introduced to North America – native bees make up the greatest portion of our bee population. We need to understand bees in order to appreciate them and support their survival. Most of our native bees are not aggressive and many are solitary dwellers – they do not live in colonies like the honeybee. For some in-depth information on specific bee species and their preferred habitats and food sources, read this great bulletin from the University of Maine or this article from the National Wildlife Federation. Despite the fact that most bees are not aggressive, bees being near to our living spaces can sometime cause concern for some people. We will never completely remove bees from our outdoor spaces, nor should we want to. But if you need to keep bees somewhat distant from your living or play spaces (due to an allergy to bee stings or to reduce fearful encounters), there are preventive techniques and habitat modifications that you can adopt, such as: - Remove bee food sources near your living areas. - Keep garbage cans tightly closed. - Remove nests from under eaves and from tree branches that are near doorways or sitting areas. - Repair or cover holes in any outdoor structures – any unsealed area should be sealed with caulk, wood, or flashing. - Inspect sensitive areas monthly during the active bee season to monitor for new nests. NE native bees on sedum. Native Bees Poster – Image from the National Wildlife Federation. The idea of supporting more wildlife in your yard can be expressed in many ways. It might be that you want to provide food for birds, attract butterflies, create safe small mammal pathways, or improve pollinator resources. Animals and insects need a variety of plants, both bare and planted areas, plant litter, and deadwood for safety, food, and different stages of growth. When it comes to ecological health and diversity, a spotless yard is not a healthy yard. Some of the strategies you can use to meet these goals are rather broad and simple: - Stop using pesticides: insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides, etc. - Choose a variety of flowering plants and stagger bloom times throughout the year. - Chose plants of different heights to create layers in the garden. - Designate areas in your yard that you don’t mow. - Make your lawn smaller or eliminate it completely. - Don’t remove all your fallen leaves and yard waste – mulch with them or allow a few piles to remain in out of the way spots, such as under shrubs or corners of the garden. Butterflies and moths often overwinter in curled up fallen leaves. Insects often pupate or overwinter in hollow plant stalks. - Leave some patches of earth bare of leaves and mulch for ground-nesting bees. - Ensure that there is clean water nearby (without pesticide and fertilizer runoff). If you are interested in choosing plants that will support more wildlife in your yard, please look over this list of Plants to Attract Butterflies and Moths by Doug Tallamy, entomologist, professor, and author. When you make habitat for butterflies and moths, you are also creating habitat for other beneficial insects and wildlife. Mosaic Detail in Granite Patio Sometimes, a work space turns into someone else’s play space. This wall is the foundation for a sugar shack, but on this particular summer afternoon, it was the princesses’ castle wall. Planning for family activities is an important part of landscape design. Sometimes people focus solely on creating specific play areas for the kids, but often, just having an interesting space is what kids need. Paths can twist and turn, as an invitation to see what is around the corner or the future site of a surprise attack. Elevation changes offer children a chance to experience viewing the world from a different perspective. Water features are possibly a place to splash, feel the coolness, see reflections, and watch insect, amphibians, and fish throughout their life cycles. Stones of different sizes, colors, and textures can inspire thoughtful inquiry or construction. Diverse plant choices provide a variety of heights, textures, colors, smells, and tastes. Different plant heights allow kids to feel both big and small. Big plants provide hiding places where kids can see, but not be seen. Rhododendrons and lilacs become forts on the inside, fallen tree trunks become bridges or lookouts, vines create tents. Groundcovers are a carpet from which to watch the leaves flutter or clouds race across the sky. Small plants could become troll and fairy houses, or just the place where chipmunks disappear and reappear. Swamp milkweed with crab spider A variety of colors can help encourage exploration and discovery. Have you even taken the time to notice what color of plants attract what type of pollinators? Blooms, fruits, and leaf colors herald the change of seasons. Different textures of plants allow kids to experience plants by sight and touch. Small, large, broad and strappy leaves can be as inspiring as the soft, velvety feel of Canadian ginger and lamb’s ear. The leathery leaves of mayapples and their flowers that can only be viewed by peeking under the umbrella-like leaves (and finding out the fruits are food for Eastern box turtles). There’s the prickly and sharp, dried purple coneflower seedhead or the smooth, silky-soft feeling of northern sea oats or the leaves of threadleaf bluestar. The rough leaves of peppermint and sage, the smooth, brittle crush of skunk cabbage, and sweet woodland phlox provide exploration through scent. Lowbush blueberry blooms Edible plants like blueberries, wild strawberries, thimbleberries, and beach plums, elicit sweet memories of summer; the tartnesss of cranberries, the sweet vanilla-banana flavor of paw paw and savory flavors of herbs can surprise. Children can learn how fruits, seeds, and herbs are grown and how they can be added to meals for nutrition and increased flavor. There are also teachable moments about how all plant fruits are not edible, and children can learn to appreciate the knowledge that these fruits provide food for other creatures, even if not for humans. There are so many different ways that landscapes and plant choices provide playful, sensory, and educational opportunities for children. Unstructered play and exploration of nature through observation, touch, smell and taste, including the nature in our landscaped yards, balconies, and porches, is a great way for children to experience the world. Summer has rapidly receded, and the autumn colors and cool nights herald the end of the growing season. You might be tempted to go clean up your gardens, but the fallen leaves and dead stalks of plants have great value to many birds, small mammals, and insects, including butterflies. And who doesn’t like butterflies? (Well, I do know one person.) Many people like the idea of attracting butterflies to their gardens and advocate protecting them, but fall cleanup can jeopardize these same butterflies. “How can that be?” you might ask. Below is a list that someone compiled and posted here about the strategies that butterflies use for overwintering: - Fourth-stage caterpillars hibernate in rolled leaves on the ground. - Third-stage caterpillars make a shelter from a rolled leaf tip in which to spend the winter. - Partially-grown caterpillars hibernate at the base of the host plant. - Overwinters as a caterpillar in seed pods of food plant. - Overwinters as a caterpillar in silken nests below host plants on ground. - Overwinters as an adult in the shelter of hollow trees, under bark or utilize seasonal outbuildings. - Hibernate as adults. For protection they use hollow logs, woodpiles and loose bark. - Overwinters as a young caterpillar in a hibernaculum (rolled leaf) on host plants. - Caterpillars overwinter in leafy case on host plants. - Overwinters as caterpillar in leaf tip shelter. I found this information very interesting. We know that monarchs migrate, but other types of butterflies use a variety of methods that are dependent on leaf litter and dead plant material to survive through the winter into the next spring season. You can imagine how cleaning up all your leaves and carting them away can have a negative impact on the next year’s butterfly population, and the next year’s, and the next. This article by the PennState Extension provides some simple guidelines for fall cleanup, and identifies which areas are reasonable to clean up (like your vegetable garden) and which to allow to naturalize through the winter. If you’re seeking to adopt more ecologically-friendly habits, please consider leaving most of your leaves and dead plants in place through the winter. Save the cleanup for spring instead – after the redbuds and dogwoods start to bloom. You’ll find that you have some additional free time during the fall too! Dicentra cucullaria (Dutchman”s breeches) Nighttime in the garden is a magical place, with silverly moonlight caressing leaves and flowers as they sway in a light breeze, the flowers’ fragrance meanders then lingers with the music of nocturnal creatures. The transformation made by moonlight on plants and water and the coolness of the night made moon gardens a popular feature in hot climates. Gardeners chose plants that glowed in the moonlight or infused the air with enticing scents, adding water features that mirrored the moon and stirred silver streams and droplets here and there. Moon gardens became popular in the 1920’s and 1930’s in England and the U.S., but they were somewhat forgotten as people spent more time indoors and the great American lawn replaced flower gardens. I’ve always had a fascination with moon gardens, though, and I recently began to wonder what native plants would be suitable for nighttime interest. Below is a partial list of North American native plants, predominantly of the Northeast, that could enchant both the moon and you with their blooms and scents. These plants also provide a host of ecological benefits to native pollinators, other insects, and wildlife. As always, choosing the right plants for your site can help decrease water use, maintenance, erosion, and the heat island effect, while providing increased beauty. Spring: Actaea recemosa and A. pachypoda, Dicentra cucullaria and D. eximia ‘Alba’, Houstonia caerulea, Phlox divaricata and P. stolonifera, Tiarella cordifolia, Trillium grandiflorum and T. luteum, Magnolia virginiana and M. macrophylla, Halesia monticola, H. tetraptera, and H. carolina, Cephalanthus occidentalis, Chionanthus virginicus, Cornus florida, Aronia arbutifolia and A. melanocarpa, Kalmia latifolia, Rhododendron groenlandicum. Summer: Allium cernuum and A. tricoccum, Anemone virginiana, Aruncus dioicus, Baptista alba, Echinacea purpurea alba, Geranium maculata, Gillenia trifoliata, Hydrangea quercifolia, Koeleria macrantha, Liatris spicata alba, Maianthemum racemosum and M. stellatum, Phlox paniculata, Physostegia virginiana, Polygonatum biflorum, Rosa blanda, Lobelia cardinalis “Alba”, Ceanothus americanus, Clethra alnifolia, Itea virginiana, Rhododendron arborescent, Viburnum lantanoides, V. lentago, and V. nudum, and Viola walteri ‘Silver Gem’. Late summer/autumn: Achillea millefolium, Actaea rubifolium, Ageratina altissima, Agrostis scabra, Amsonia tabernaemontana, Andropogon virginicus, Ascelpias verticillata, Clematis virginiana, Doellingeria umbellale, Eurybia divaricata, Heuchera villosa, Hibiscus moscheutos, Monarda punctata, Muhlenbergia capillaris, Nymphaea odorata, Panicum virgatum, Pycnanthemum tenuifolium and P. virginianum, Sanguisorba canadensis, Symphyotrichum erecoides. If you are interested in reading more about moon gardens and the discovery of the gardens that existed at the Taj Mahal in the 1600’s, read The Moonlight Garden: New Discoveries at the Taj Mahal, by Elizabeth B. Moynihan. A short history of moon gardens can be found in this post from Don Statham Design in New York. Since spring is solidly here for us here in the Northeast and people are out exploring their gardens, this caterpillar identification key might come in useful: Caterpillars of the Eastern Forests. The Eastern Black Swallowtail (Papilo polygenes) caterpillar in the photo was on a plant in the retail area at Garden in the Woods. Keep your eyes open, you never know what you’ll see! The larval host pants for the Eastern Black Swallowtail include plants in the carrot and parsley (Apiaceae) family: parsley, Queen Anne’s lace, wild carrot, celery, dill, and fennel. Many of those plants are not native, and it is important to note that many of the native plants in the Apiaceae family are quite poisonous, such as poison hemlock, water hemlock, and cow parsnip. I mention this because many species need wild spaces where native plants that are not suitable for gardens or cultivated spaces can grow. The adult host plants for nectar include: pawpaw, red clover, phlox, asclepias, asters, and thistles.
Wednesday, June 16, 2021 HomeArchitectureHow to Calculate the Area of a Hexagon? Explain with Examples # How to Calculate the Area of a Hexagon? Explain with Examples The hexagon is a polygon that has six sides and six angles in it. Similarly, the Pentagon has five sides, but the Octagon has eight. The hexagon’s internal angles have all been calculated to be 120 degrees. A hexagon is a closed two-dimensional six-sided polygon in geometry. It consists of six-line segments and six vertices that make up six internal angles. Let us learn about the area of a hexagon. Commonly used, the sum of interior angles of a Polygon is given by- (n−2)×180° ## Definition Hexagon A hexagon is a six-sided polygon with six angles and six straight sides. The word “hexagon” comes from the Greek words “hex,” which means “six,” and “gonia,” which means “corner, angle.” The term “regular hexagon” refers to a hexagon with all six sides and angles equal. Aside from that, it’s an irregular hexagon. To better comprehend the concepts around the form, we solely deal with normal hexagons in this discussion. There are two sorts of hexagons: ### Hexagon Regular A hexagon is said to be regular if all of its sides are the same length and all of its interior angles are the same size. In addition, the interior angle is 120 degrees. Six symmetrical lines and rotational symmetry of order six make up a regular hexagon. ### Hexagon with an Irregular Shape A hexagon that consists of unequal sides and angles is named to be an irregular hexagon. ### Concave Hexagon A concave hexagon is one that has at least one internal angle which is greater in value than 180°. In other terms, a hexagon with at least one vertice pointing inwards is called a hexagon. In terms of sides, it might be either regular or irregular. ### Convex Hexagon A convex hexagon is one in which all of the inner angles are less than 180 degrees. All of the vertices are also pointing outwards from the center. This is a common sort of hexagon that we see frequently while dealing with geometric forms. It could either be a regular or irregular hexagon. All of the sides of a regular hexagon are the same length, and all of the internal angles are the same value. The regular hexagon has rotational symmetry of order 6 and is made up of six symmetrical lines. The sides and angles of the irregular hexagon aren’t equal, and the angles aren’t the same. ## Unique Properties of Hexagon • Each side of a regular hexagon is the same length. • Because each side is the same length, it is an asymmetrical shape. • A regular hexagon’s opposite sides will always be parallel to each other. • Six equilateral triangles can be formed from a regular hexagon. • A regular hexagon has 120 angles, each of which is equal ## Hexagon Shapes We may come across a variety of hexagonal-shaped things. A honeycomb, a nut, the white divisions of a volleyball, a traffic stop board, the back end of pencils, and bolts are all examples of real-life hexagonal things. For a better understanding, visit cuemath.com. Cuemath is an online learning platform that uses modern learning techniques to make math fun and interesting. ## Structure of Hexagon Hexagonal patterns can be found everywhere in nature, from beehives to the Giant’s Causeway, thanks to their efficiency. If a vast region is to be filled with the fewest hexagons, each line in a hexagonal grid is as short as it may possibly be. This implies honeycombs use less wax to make and gain a lot of strength when compressed. Parallelograms are irregular hexagons with parallel opposing edges that can tile the plane through translation. Parallel Hedrons are hexagonal prisms with parallel opposing faces in three dimensions that can tessellate 3-space through translation. ## Hexagonal Area The area of a hexagon with equal sides can be calculated using the following formula: Area (A) of a hexagon is given as = (Apothem × Perimeter)/2 The distance between the midpoint of any of the sides and the hexagon’s center is called apothem. Thomas P I believe in making the impossible possible because there’s no fun in giving up. Travel, design, fashion and current trends in the field of industrial construction are topics that I enjoy writing about.
# 01 - TUPLES (N-TICE) # Jsou to datove struktury obsahujici obvykle vice prvku # Nejsou uplne stejne jako seznamy # Narozdil od seznamu jsou NEMENITELNE -> neda se k nim pridavat, neda se z nich mazat a nedaji se jim menit hodnoty # Ale stejne jako seznamy jsou SERAZENE # Tuple vypada treba takto: ntice_obci = 'Misov','Cicov','Borovno' ntice_pocet_obyvatel = 115, 182, 99, 5 # Nepouzivaji zadne hranate [], slozene {} nebo jine zavorky, proste se hodnoty jen oddeli carkou # Ale bacha, kdyz predavame tuple jako argument nejake funkce! def vypis_obce(ntice): for obec in ntice: print(obec) #vypis_obce('Misov','Cicov','Borovno') # Ajaj, Funkce potrebuje nejak vedet, co jsou jednotlive argumenty a co uz jsou hodnoty, ktere se ji snazime predat #vypis_obce(ntice_obci) #vypis_obce(('Misov','Cicov','Borovno')) def rekni_mi_kolik_obyvatel(obec): pozice = ntice_obci.index(obec) obyvatel = ntice_pocet_obyvatel[pozice] return obec, obyvatel #print(rekni_mi_kolik_obyvatel('Cicov')) #obec_x, obyvatel_x = rekni_mi_kolik_obyvatel('Misov') #print('{} ma {} obyvatel'.format(obec_x, obyvatel_x)) # Hodnoty z dvou tuplu se daji kombinovat mnohem elegantneji a sice pouzitim funkce zip() # funkce zip funguje podobne jako zip na mikine, takze spoji hodnoty z obou ntic na stejne pozici def rekni_mi_kolik_obyvatel_zip(obce,ntice_pocet_ob): for obec, lidi in zip(obce,ntice_pocet_ob): print('{} má {} obyvatel'.format(obec, lidi)) #rekni_mi_kolik_obyvatel_zip(ntice_obci,ntice_pocet_obyvatel) # Enumerate proiteruje list nebo i tuple s jeho indexy i hodnotami def vypis_index_kazde_obce(ntice): for index,obec in enumerate(ntice): print('na indexu {} je obec {}'.format(index, obec)) #vypis_index_kazde_obce(ntice_obci) #Opet i Ntice lze pouzit v podmince Prazdna - False, Neprazdna -True #Zkuste napsat podminku nebo while cyklus s pomoci ntice # funkce list() a tuple () muzeme pouzit pro prevod mezi jednotlivymi datovymi strukturami #Vyzkousejte si tyto funkce: #Zajimavost - prirazeni vice hodnot najednou v = ('ah', True, 'a') #print (v) (x, y, z) = v #print(x) #print(y) #print(z)
Starting Your Software Testing Career Book Here you can check out my interview on Daniel Knott’s YouTube channel, where I talk about my book and advice for new testers. About the Book: - Do you want to become a Software Tester but not sure where to start? - Do you want to up-skill so you remain relevant in today’s job market? - Once you have landed a role as a Software Tester, how do you ensure you thrive in the role? In this book, I will share the different paths you can take towards becoming a software tester, useful ways you can up-skill along with what I wish I knew in my first year of testing. After reading this book you’ll also be able to: - Understand the difference between Test Cases, Exploratory Testing and Ad Hoc Testing and when one approach is more suitable than the other - Write an effective bug report - Understand the benefits of learning test automation along with when you should and shouldn’t write test automation - Test against implicit requirements - Imagine what a tester’s typical day may look like You can also buy my book as part of the Test Fundamentals bundle, along with ‘Would Heu-risk-it?’. Or as part of the Testers Job Seekers bundle, along with ‘Standout’. Read the testimonials below: “Finally, the book I can recommend to encourage people with diverse education, background and experience to consider a career in testing! Learn basic testing concepts and practices, along with links to resources for deeper knowledge. Get sound advice on highlighting your relevant skills in your CV and in interviews, even with no direct testing experience. Lots of reassurance and encouragement here. Get a sense of what your testing job will be like, and a great checklist to help you get started when you’re hired.” Lisa Crispin, co-founder, Agile Testing Fellowship Inc. “Really well done. I liked how action oriented you were able to make the book while still adding a lot of context and scene setting for newer engineers.” Aaron McTavish, Director of Engineering, UK “I really enjoyed reading the book and it’s absolutely perfect for individuals who want to start a career in Software Testing but also to individuals who want to improve their current testing skills. The structure is well broken down into different areas and it’s easily digestible. Readers can have the option to read all the chapters or just the chapters that they feel are most important to them. Apart from key concepts that people need to know within testing, Nicola also provided additional input on how to find a mentor and why it’s important, how to build your network and how to work closely with developers. Nicola also provided insights on what other skills a software tester needs to have such as spotting and testing implicit requirements, and how heuristics can help. Lastly, the checklist that Nicola has written at the end of the chapter is valuable and useful for people who are going to start with their project! I personally think that this will also be useful for software testers that have been in the industry for a while. Overall, I would totally recommend this to anyone I know.” Marie Drake, Quality Engineering Manager, UK “Written in a language easily understandable to anyone. Packed with strategies and practical tips on how to start and evolve in your software testing journey. I really appreciate Nicola’s tips on how to kick-start your testing career and how to stay motivated in “Chapter 3: Getting Your First Job As A Software Tester”. These incredibly helpful tips are a great way to broaden one’s horizons and prepare for job hunting.” Anna Makuchova, Software Testing Student, Sweden “So many testing resources are a flood of information. Nicola does a great job of distilling what you need to know to get started in software testing from the world’s foremost experts, herself included.” Elizabeth Zagroba, Quality Lead, Netherlands “Hello new tester, Nicola has compiled this excellent starter just for you. Your new guide contains wisdom from many intellects in the industry. I hope you take advantage of this as your compass into the world of testing. My favourite section is Chapter 9, because it highlights that testing is not just a box ticking exercise (you’ll see). Good luck in your testing adventure!” Phil Wong, Test Engineer, UK
Today, we can send masses of information wirelessly to the other side of the world. We have a permanent residence orbiting the Earth in space. We have explored the deepest depths of the ocean and the surface of Mars. We have access to pretty much any piece of knowledge we seek by searching for it online. We have harnessed the power of the wind and the sun to produce electricity. We have created black holes in labs and have measured objects in atoms. Yet we still use fistfuls of paper to clean ourselves with when we use the toilet.
A panel at the Wellcome Centre asks: is it the task of architects to offer an antidote to social and political failings? There are 67 steps between the Euston Road and the Henry Wellcome Auditorium at the Wellcome Trust. I mention this because soon we may be ‘encouraged’, ‘nudged’ or even forced to climb them by government-sponsored, architect-designed policies that aim to make us, as a population, less fat. Architecture as Antidote: Should Cities Make Us Fit? was the question asked at the keynote debate for the London Festival of Architecture, ironically held on 4 July, American Independence Day. Vicky Richardson, Director of Architecture at the British Council, introduced the debate and the festival’s ‘Playful City’ theme, a title which in this context conjures up the metropolis as perky aerobics instructor. Claire Fox, Director of the Institute of Ideas, was a perfect chair and animated agent provocateur who openly declared her aim to make the four participants fight with each other. Speaking first, the Canadian Centre for Architecture’s Mirko Zardini, who curated the recent exhibition Imperfect Health: the Medicalization of Architecture, was disturbed by architecture pretending to be the ‘cure’ for something. ‘Architecture is simultaneously much less and much more than that’, he said, and argued against a reductionist view of society seen ‘only through medical eyes’ which would lead to an outcome too mechanical and predictable, and with a hidden moral agenda. In his book, Zardini used the rise and fall of asbestos from ideal material to carcinogen to illustrate ‘the inability of architecture to offer an optimal or permanent fix based on its promise of rational parameters’. London’s leading architectural impresario Peter Murray then said that architects don’t have a ‘moral duty to incorporate ‘‘cures’’ into their buildings’, but that they only ‘have a moral duty to avoid anything injurious’. His position seemed milder than some of the others as he pointed out that architecture itself is a constraint, ‘otherwise we would all just be living in one big open dome’, and used bicycle helmets to illustrate a moderate position towards relationships and risk. If people were forced to wear helmets, he argued, there would be fewer accidents, but also fewer riders. ‘Don’t force people to wear helmets or climb stairs,’ he concluded, ‘but give them the option.’ Richard Horton, the editor of The Lancet, and David Burney, an architect and the Commissioner of the New York Department of Design and Construction, represented the other extreme of the debate. Horton painted a bleak view of the city, using medical imagery from Frank Lloyd Wright’s quote: ‘to look at the cross section of any plan of a big city is to look at something like the section of a fibrous tumour’. He went on to argue that cities are ‘not medicalised but mechanised’, that we are living an ‘accelerated and sterilised life’, and that we ‘swarm through the city in a demoralised way’ towards ‘damage and death’, from which ‘alcohol and sex’ offer only brief respite. David Burney produces Active Design Guidelines to fight the ‘war on terror’ and the ‘epidemic of obesity’. ‘Why are fat Americans a concern to architects and planners?’ he asked, ‘Because obesity is an urban design problem.’ Burney had the most faith in the transformative power of architecture and saw not only health, but also climate change, immigration and gun control as issues where cities must take over from federal- or state-level failure. Mid-argument, however, both Horton and Burney shifted the fundamental problem from health to social inequality. They spoke of the chasm between rich and poor: here was Burney’s ‘social inequity’ where property prices and obesity are linked and Horton’s ‘social gradient’. ‘Architecture needs to reduce that inequality,’ Horton announced. But how? Claire Fox mischievously pointed out that when the Body Mass Index (BMI) redefined ‘overweight’, the medical profession effectively created 25 million obese people overnight. She accused The Lancet and medics of creating a moral panic in a language taken up but not understood by those making the new legislation. There is something uncomfortable about the use of the word ‘epidemic’ in the absence of a conventional ‘infectious agent’. ‘Epidemic’ suggests the helplessness of a passive, infantilised society, preyed upon by cotton candy. But surely the decisions that lead to inequality are political, economic and social, not architectural? And are the people who have brought us McDonald’s and Coca-Cola as sponsors of the Olympic Games the same people who are complaining about an ‘epidemic of obesity’ and trying to invent legislation to reconfigure the built environment to correct it? Has a political and economic problem been turned into a ‘health epidemic’ that architects and urbanists are now expected to solve? Vicky Richardson was the only one to openly salute the humane, cultural and intellectual role of architecture, qualities implicit in Zardini’s demedicalisation. But perhaps it’s already too late for architects. In 2004 the NHS Healthy Urban Development Unit, or HUDU, seems to have vaulted over architects entirely, landing directly in planning legislation. Their aim is to ‘narrow health inequalities’ through the ‘alignment of health and planning strategies’. Architects will presumably just follow their commands. The debate didn’t mention HUDU, a dangerous oversight perhaps. Taking the stairs back out of the building leads past the Wellcome exhibition space. Brains: The Mind as Matter was an excellent show with many actual specimens. Suspended like small clouds, these mysterious and isolated containers hinting at human consciousness seem somehow prophetic in the context of this debate. Maybe brains in glass cases are the answer if an ‘evidence-based design’ trajectory is taken to its logical conclusion where architects are found to be redundant. All the messy problems and ‘urban design challenges’ of being human are cut away. Social interaction is a waste of space that leads to terrorism. Isolate the brain, reduce the human condition, and put it neatly into a box. The design is efficient and easy to stack, and renders the problems of space, light and obesity completely irrelevant.
12th NCERT Vector Algebra Exercise 10.2 Questions 19 Do or do not There is no try Question (1) Compute the magnitude of the following vectors: $\overrightarrow a = \widehat i + \widehat j + \widehat k$ $\overrightarrow b = 2\widehat i - 7\widehat j - 3\widehat k$ $\overrightarrow c = \frac{1}{{\sqrt 3 }}\widehat i + \frac{1}{{\sqrt 3 }}\widehat j - \frac{1}{{\sqrt 3 }}\widehat k$ Solution $\overrightarrow a = \widehat i + \widehat j + \widehat k$ $\overrightarrow b = 2\widehat i - 7\widehat j - 3\widehat k$ $\overrightarrow c = \frac{1}{{\sqrt 3 }}\widehat i + \frac{1}{{\sqrt 3 }}\widehat j - \frac{1}{{\sqrt 3 }}\widehat k$ $\left\| {\overrightarrow a } \right\| = \sqrt {1 + 1 + 1} = 3$ $\left\| {\overrightarrow b } \right\| = \sqrt {4 + 49 + 9} = \sqrt {62}$ $\left\| {\overrightarrow c } \right\| = \sqrt {\frac{1}{3} + \frac{1}{3} + \frac{1}{3}} = 1$ Question (2) Two different vectors having same magnitude Solution $\overrightarrow a = 2\widehat i + \widehat j - \widehat k$ $\overrightarrow b = \widehat i + 2\widehat j + \widehat k$ Question (3) Two vectors havings same direction Solution $\overrightarrow a = 2\widehat i + \widehat j - 3\widehat k$ $\overrightarrow b = 4\widehat i + 2\widehat j - 6\widehat k$ Question (4) Find the values of x and y so that the vectors $\overrightarrow a = 2\widehat i + 3\widehat j$ and $\overrightarrow b = x\hat i + y\hat j$ are equal Solution $\overrightarrow a = 2\widehat i + 3\widehat j$ $\overrightarrow b = x\hat i + y\hat j$ Vectors are equal $\overrightarrow a = \overrightarrow b$ $2\widehat i + 3\widehat j = x\hat i + y\hat j$ $x = 2,\quad y = 3$ Question (5) Find the scalar and vector components of the vector with initial point (2, 1) and terminal point (-5, 7). Solution $A\left( {2,1} \right)\qquad B\left( { - 5,7} \right)$ $\overrightarrow {AB} = \left( { - 5 - 2} \right)\widehat i + \left( {7 - 1} \right)\widehat j$ $\overrightarrow {AB} = - 7\widehat i + 6\widehat j$ Question (6) Find the sum of vectrs $\overrightarrow a = \widehat i - 2\widehat j + \widehat k$, $\overrightarrow b = - 2\widehat i + 4\widehat j + 5\widehat k$ and $\overrightarrow c = \widehat i - 6\widehat j - 7\widehat k$ Solution $\overrightarrow a = \widehat i - 2\widehat j + \widehat k$ $\overrightarrow b = - 2\widehat i + 4\widehat j + 5\widehat k$ $\overrightarrow c = \widehat i - 6\widehat j - 7\widehat k$ $\overrightarrow a + \overrightarrow b + \overrightarrow c = 0\widehat i - 4\widehat j - \widehat k$ Question (7) Find the unit vector in the direction of vector $\overrightarrow a = \widehat i + \widehat j + 2\widehat k$ Solution $\overrightarrow a = \widehat i + \widehat j + 2\widehat k$ $\therefore \left\| {\overrightarrow a } \right\| = \sqrt {1 + 1 + 4} = \sqrt 6$ $\text{Unit vector}\quad \widehat a = \frac{{\overrightarrow a }}{{\left\| {\overrightarrow a } \right\|}}$ $\widehat a = \frac{1}{{\sqrt 6 }}\widehat i + \frac{1}{{\sqrt 6 }}\widehat j + \frac{1}{{\sqrt 6 }}\widehat k$ Question (8) Find the unit vector in in the direction of vector $\overrightarrow {PQ}$, where P and Q are the points (1,2,3) and (4, 5, 6) respectively Solution $P\left( {1,2,3} \right)\qquad Q\left( {4,5,6} \right)$ $\overrightarrow {PQ} = 3\widehat i + 3\widehat j + 3\widehat k$ $\left\| {\overrightarrow {PQ} } \right\| = \sqrt {9 + 9 + 9} = \sqrt {27} = 3\sqrt 3$ $\widehat {PQ} = \frac{{\overrightarrow {PQ} }}{{\left\| {\overrightarrow {PQ} } \right\|}}$ $\widehat {PQ} = \frac{{3\widehat i + 3\widehat j + 3\widehat k}}{{3\sqrt 3 }}$ $\widehat {PQ} = \frac{1}{{3\sqrt 3 }}\widehat i + \frac{1}{{3\sqrt 3 }}\widehat j + \frac{1}{{3\sqrt 3 }}\widehat k$ Question (9) For given vector $\overrightarrow a = 2\widehat i - \widehat j + 2\widehat k$ and $\overrightarrow b = - \widehat i + \widehat j - \widehat k$, find the unit vector in the direction of the vector $\overrightarrow a + \overrightarrow b$ Solution $\overrightarrow a = 2\widehat i - \widehat j + 2\widehat k$ $\overrightarrow b = - \widehat i + \widehat j - \widehat k$ $\overrightarrow a + \overrightarrow b = 2\widehat i - \widehat j + 2\widehat k - \widehat i + \widehat j - \widehat k$ $\overrightarrow a + \overrightarrow b = \widehat i + \widehat k$ $\left\| {\overrightarrow a + \overrightarrow b } \right\| = \sqrt {1 + 1} = \sqrt 2$ $\frac{{\overrightarrow a + \overrightarrow b }}{{\left\| {\overrightarrow a + \overrightarrow b } \right\|}} = \frac{{\widehat i + \widehat j}}{{\sqrt 2 }} = \frac{1}{{\sqrt 2 }}\widehat i + \frac{1}{{\sqrt 2 }}\widehat k$ Question (10) Find a vector in the direction of vector $\overrightarrow a = 5\widehat i - \widehat j + 2\widehat k$, which has magnitude 8 units Solution $\overrightarrow a = 5\widehat i - \widehat j + 2\widehat k$ $\left\| {\overrightarrow a } \right\| = \sqrt {25 + 1 + 4} = \sqrt {30}$ $\text{vector of magnitude 8} = 8\frac{{\overrightarrow a }}{{\left\| {\overrightarrow a } \right\|}}$ $= 8\frac{{\left( {5\widehat i - \widehat j + 2\widehat k} \right)}}{{\sqrt {30} }}$ $= \frac{{40}}{{\sqrt {30} }}\widehat i - \frac{8}{{\sqrt {30} }}\widehat j + \frac{{16}}{{\sqrt {30} }}\widehat k$ Question (11) Show that $\overrightarrow a = 2\widehat i - 3\widehat j + 4\widehat k$ and $\overrightarrow b = - 4\widehat i + 6\widehat j - 8\widehat k$ are collinear Solution $\overrightarrow a = 2\widehat i - 3\widehat j + 4\widehat k$ $\overrightarrow b = - 4\widehat i + 6\widehat j - 8\widehat k$ $\overrightarrow a \times \overrightarrow b = \left\| {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{\widehat i}&{\widehat j}&{\widehat k}\\2&{ - 3}&4\\{ - 4}&6&{ - 8}\end{array}} \right\|$ $\overrightarrow a \times \overrightarrow b = \left( {24 - 24} \right)\widehat i - \left( { - 16 + 16} \right)\widehat j + \left( {12 - 12} \right)\widehat k$ $\overrightarrow a \times \overrightarrow b = \overrightarrow 0$ ⇒ $\overrightarrow a$ and $\overrightarrow b$ are both collinear Question (12) Find the direction cosine of the vector $\overrightarrow a = \widehat i + 2\widehat j + 3\widehat k$ Solution $\overrightarrow a = \widehat i + 2\widehat j + 3\widehat k$ $\left\| {\overrightarrow a } \right\| = \sqrt {1 + 4 + 9} = \sqrt {14}$ $\widehat a = \frac{{\overrightarrow a }}{{\left\| {\overrightarrow a } \right\|}}$ $\widehat a = \frac{{\widehat i + 2\widehat j + 3\widehat k}}{{\sqrt {14} }}$ $\text{cosine direction} = \left( {\frac{1}{{\sqrt {14} }},\frac{2}{{\sqrt {14} }},\frac{3}{{\sqrt {14} }}} \right)$ Question (13) Find the direction cosines of the vector joining the points A(1, 2, -3) and B(-1, -2, 1), directed from A to B Solution $A\left( {1,2, - 3} \right),\text{and} \quad B\left( { - 1, - 2,1} \right)$ $\overrightarrow {AB} = \left( { - 1, - 2,1} \right) - \left( {1,2, - 3} \right)$ $\overrightarrow {AB} = \left( { - 2, - 4,4} \right)$ $\overrightarrow {AB} = - 2\widehat i - 4\widehat j + 4\widehat k$ $\left\| {\overrightarrow {AB} } \right\| = \sqrt {4 + 16 + 16} = \sqrt {36} = 6$ $\text{Direction cosine} = \frac{{\overrightarrow {AB} }}{{\left\| {\overrightarrow {AB} } \right\|}}$ $\text{Direction cosine} = \frac{{ - 2\widehat i - 4\widehat j + 4\widehat k}}{6}$ $\text{Direction cosine} = \frac{{ - 1}}{3}\widehat i - \frac{2}{3}\widehat j + \frac{2}{3}\widehat k$ Question (14) Show that vector $\overrightarrow a = \widehat i + \widehat j + \widehat k$ is equally iinclined to the axes OX, OY and OZ Solution $\overrightarrow a = \widehat i + \widehat j + \widehat k$ $\left\| {\overrightarrow a } \right\| = \sqrt {1 + 1 + 1} = \sqrt 3$ $\text{cosine direction} = \frac{{\overrightarrow a }}{{\left\| {\overrightarrow a } \right\|}}$ $\text{cosine direction} = \frac{{\widehat i + \widehat j + \widehat k}}{{\sqrt 3 }}$ $\left( {\cos \alpha ,\cos \beta ,\cos \delta } \right) = \left( {\frac{1}{{\sqrt 3 }},\frac{1}{{\sqrt 3 }},\frac{1}{{\sqrt 3 }}} \right)$ $\cos \alpha = \frac{1}{{\sqrt 3 }}$ $\alpha = {\cos ^{ - 1}}\left( {\frac{1}{{\sqrt 3 }}} \right)$ $\beta = \gamma = {\cos ^{ - 1}}\left( {\frac{1}{{\sqrt 3 }}} \right)$ $\text{as } \quad \alpha = \beta = \gamma$ so it is equally inclined Question (15) Find the position vector of a point R which divides the line joining two points P and Q whose position vector of a point R which divides the line joining two points P and Q whose position vectors are $\overrightarrow p = \widehat i + 2\widehat j - \widehat k\quad and \quad \overrightarrow q = - \widehat i + \widehat j + \widehat k$ respectively, in the ratio 2:1 (i) internally and (ii) externally Solution $\overrightarrow p = \widehat i + 2\widehat j - \widehat k\quad and \quad \overrightarrow q = - \widehat i + \widehat j + \widehat k$ (i) internally $R\left( {\overrightarrow r } \right)$ divide $\overrightarrow {PQ}$ internally in ratio 2:1 $\therefore \overrightarrow r = \frac{{2\overrightarrow q + \overrightarrow q }}{{2 + 1}}$ $\overrightarrow r = \frac{{2\left( { - \widehat i + \widehat j + \widehat k} \right) + \left( {\widehat i + 2\widehat j - \widehat k} \right)}}{3}$ $\overrightarrow r = \frac{{ - \widehat i + 4\widehat j + \widehat k}}{3}$ (ii) External R divides PQ externally in ratio 2:1 $\overrightarrow r = \frac{{2\left( { - \widehat i + \widehat j + \widehat k} \right) + \left( {\widehat i + 2\widehat j - \widehat k} \right)}}{{ - 1}}$ $\overrightarrow r = \frac{{3\widehat i + 0\widehat j - 3\widehat k}}{{ - 1}}$ $\overrightarrow r = - 3\widehat i + 3\widehat k$ Question (16) Find the position vector of the mid point of the vector jpining the points P(2, 3, 4) and Q(4, 1, -2) Solution $P\left( {2,3,4} \right),\quad and \quad Q\left( {4,1, - 2} \right)$ Let R is mid point of $\overrightarrow {PQ}$ $\therefore \overrightarrow r = \frac{{\overrightarrow p + \overrightarrow q }}{2}$ $\overrightarrow r = \left( {\frac{{2 + 4}}{2},\frac{{3 + 1}}{2},\frac{{4 - 2}}{2}} \right)$ $\overrightarrow r = \left( {3,2,1} \right)$ Question (17) Show that the points A, B, and C with position vectors ${\overrightarrow a } = 3\widehat i - 4\widehat j - 4\widehat k$ , ${\overrightarrow b } = 2\widehat i - \widehat j + \widehat k$ and ${\overrightarrow c } = \widehat i - 3\widehat j - 5\widehat k$ Solution $A\left( {\overrightarrow a } \right) = 3\widehat i - 4\widehat j - 4\widehat k$ $B\left( {\overrightarrow b } \right) = 2\widehat i - \widehat j + \widehat k$ $C\left( {\overrightarrow c } \right) = \widehat i - 3\widehat j - 5\widehat k$ $\overrightarrow {AB} = \overrightarrow b - \overrightarrow a = - \widehat i + 3\widehat j + 5\widehat k$ $AB = \left\| {\overrightarrow {AB} } \right\| = \sqrt {1 + 9 + 25} = \sqrt {35}$ $\overrightarrow {BC} = \overrightarrow c - \overrightarrow b = - \widehat i - 2\widehat j - 6\widehat k$ $BC = \overrightarrow {BC} = \sqrt {1 + 4 + 36} = \sqrt {41}$ $\overrightarrow {AC} = \overrightarrow c - \overrightarrow a = - 2\widehat i + \widehat j - \widehat k$ $AC = \overrightarrow {AC} = \sqrt {4 + 1 + 1} = \sqrt 6$ $A{B^2} + A{C^2} = 35 + 6$ $A{B^2} + A{C^2} = 41$ $A{B^2} + A{C^2} = B{C^2}$ ⇒ By converse of Pythagorus ∠A =90° is right angle in δABC $\overrightarrow {AB \cdot } \overrightarrow {AC} = \left( { - \widehat i + 3\widehat j + 5\widehat k} \right) \cdot \left( { - 2\widehat i + \widehat j - \widehat k} \right)$ $\overrightarrow {AB \cdot } \overrightarrow {AC} = 2 + 3 - 5 = 0$ $\Rightarrow \overrightarrow {AB} \bot \overrightarrow {AC}$ $\Rightarrow \angle A = 90$ Question (18) In traiangle ABC (Fig 10.18), which of the following is not true $(A) \quad \overrightarrow {AB} + \overrightarrow {BC} + \overrightarrow {CA} = \overrightarrow 0$ $(B) \quad\overrightarrow {AB} + \overrightarrow {BC} - \overrightarrow {AC} = \overrightarrow 0$ $(C) \quad \overrightarrow {AB} + \overrightarrow {BC} - \overrightarrow {CA} = \overrightarrow 0$ $(D) \quad \overrightarrow {AB} - \overrightarrow {CB} + \overrightarrow {CA} = \overrightarrow 0$ Solution $\text{By triangle law}\overrightarrow {AB} + \overrightarrow {BC} = \overrightarrow {AC}$ $\overrightarrow {AB} + \overrightarrow {BC} - \overrightarrow {AC} = 0$ $\overrightarrow {AB} + \overrightarrow {BC} + \overrightarrow {CA} = 0$ not correct Question (19) If &\overrightarrow a & and &\overrightarrow b & are two collinear vectors, then which of the following are incorrect $(A) \ quad \overrightarrow b = \lambda \overrightarrow a$, for some scalar λ $(B) \quad \overrightarrow a = \pm \overrightarrow b$ (C) the respective components of &\overrightarrow a & and &\overrightarrow b & are not proportional (D) both the vectors &\overrightarrow a & and &\overrightarrow b & have same direction, but different magniitudes Solution $\overrightarrow a \quad and \quad \overrightarrow b \text{colliner then}$ $\overrightarrow b = \lambda \overrightarrow a$
# Prealgebra for Two-Year Colleges/Workbook AIE/Measuring distances Measuring Distances Materials Needed: Ruler marked in inches and cm, string, scissors to cut the string ## WhyEdit When you are given a map, blueprint, or diagram, you often need to measure with a ruler to get the information you need to solve the problem. ## Learning ObjectivesEdit 1. Use a ruler to measure perimeters (whole numbers of inches and cm). 2. Use a string and a ruler to measure paths that are not straight (whole numbers of inches). ## Warm-upEdit 1. Explain how to calculate the perimeter of an object. Add up the lengths of all the sides. 2. Which of the following objects can be used to help you measure perimeter? How? • Measuring cup • Graph paper • Ruler • 3”×5” index card • String • Sand ## ActivityEdit 1. Without measuring, decide which of the following shapes has the larger perimeter. Explain your reasoning. 2. Use a ruler to measure the perimeter of the rectangle in inches. 3. Use a ruler to measure the perimeter of the “H” figure in centimeters. 4. Use a ruler to measure the perimeter of the triangle in inches. 5. Use a piece of string and a ruler to measure the perimeter of the oval in inches. 6. Use a piece of string and a ruler to measure the length of the curved path in inches. 7. Use a piece of string and a ruler to measure the shortest path on the map along the highways from the bull’s eye in Antioch to the bull’s eye in Oakland in inches. 4 inches, to the nearest whole inch 8. If each inch on the map represents 10 miles in real life, then how far is it between the spots represented by the bull’s eyes? 40 miles
President Obama’s State of the Union address promised a renewed focus on economic inequality in the last two years of his administration. But many have already despaired about the ability of American democracy to tackle increasing economic inequalities. Indeed, wage and income inequality have continued to rise over the last four decades during both periods of economic expansion and contraction. But these trends are not unique to the United States. Many OECD countries have also experienced increasing wage income inequality over the last several decades. That these widening gaps between rich and poor should be taking place in established democracies is puzzling. The workhorse models of democracy are based on the idea that the median voter will use his democratic power to redistribute resources away from the rich towards himself. When the gap between the rich (or mean income in society) and the median voter (who is typically close to the median of the income distribution) is greater, this redistributive tendency should be greater. Moreover, as Meltzer and Richard’s seminal paper emphasized, the more democratic is a society (meaning the wider is the voting franchise), the more redistribution there should be. This is a simple consequence of the fact that with ae wider franchise, expanded towards the bottom of the income distribution, the median voter will be poorer and thus keener on redistributing away from the rich towards herself. These strong predictions notwithstanding, the evidence on this topic is decidedly mixed. Our recent paper, joint with Suresh Naidu and Pascual Restrepo, “Democracy, Redistribution and Inequality” revisits these questions. Theoretically, we point out why the relationship between democracy, redistribution and inequality may be more complex, and thus more tenuous, than the above expectations might suggest. First, democracy may be “captured” or “constrained”. In particular, even though democracy clearly changes the distribution of de jure power in society, policy outcomes and inequality depend not just on the de jure but also the de facto distribution of power. This is a point we had previously argued in “Persistence of Power, Elites and Institutions”. Elites who see their de jure power eroded by democratization may sufficiently increase their investments in de facto power, for example by controlling local law enforcement, mobilizing non-state armed actors, lobbying, or capturing the party system. This will then enable them to continue their control of the political process. If so, we would not see much impact of democratization on redistribution and inequality. Even if not thus captured, a democracy may be constrained by either other de jure institutions such as constitutions, conservative political parties, and judiciaries, or by de facto threats of coups, capital flight, or widespread tax evasion by the elite. Second, democracy may lead to “Inequality-Increasing Market Opportunities”. Nondemocracy may exclude a large fraction of the population from productive occupations, for example from skilled occupations and entrepreneurship, as starkly illustrated by Apartheid South Africa or perhaps also by the former Soviet Union. To the extent that there is significant heterogeneity within this population, the freedom to take part in economic activities on a more level playing field with the previous elite may actually increase inequality within the excluded or repressed group and consequently within the entire society. Finally, consistent with Stigler’s “Director’s Law”, democracy may transfer political power to the middle class—-rather than the poor. If so, redistribution may increase and inequality may be curtailed only if the middle class is in favor of such redistribution. So theory may not speak as loudly as one might have first thought. What about the facts? This is where the previous literature has been pretty contentious. Some have found inequality-reducing effects of democracy and some not. We argue that these questions cannot be easily answered with cross-sectional (cross-national) regressions because democracies are significantly different from nondemocracies in so many dimensions. Instead, we provide evidence from panel data regressions (with fixed effects) from a consistent post-war sample. The facts are intriguing. First, there is a robust and quantitatively large effect of democracy on tax revenues as a percentage of GDP (and also on total government revenues as a percentage of GDP). The long-run effect of democracy is about a 16 percent increase in tax revenues as a fraction of GDP. Second, there is also a significant impact of democracy on secondary school enrollment and the extent of structural transformation, for example as captured by the nonagricultural share of employment or output. Third, and in stark contrast to these results, there is a much more limited effect of democracy on inequality. Democracy just doesn’t seem to affect inequality much. Though this might reflect the poorer quality of inequality data, there is likely more to this lack of correlation between democracy and inequality. In fact, we do find heterogeneous effects of democracy on inequality consistent with the theories mentioned above, which would not have been possible if the poor quality of inequality data made it hard to find any empirical relationship. Overall, our results suggest that democracy does represent a real shift in political power away from elites and has first-order consequences for redistribution and government policy. But the impact of democracy on inequality may be more limited than one might have expected. Though our work does not shed light on why this is so, there are several plausible hypotheses. The limited impact of democracy on inequality might be because recent increases in inequality are “market induced” in the sense of being caused by technological change. But equally, this may be because, as in the Director’s Law, the middle classes use democracy to redistribute to themselves. But the Director’s s Law is unlikely to explain the inability of the US political system to confront inequality, since the middle classes have largely been losers in the widening inequality trends. Could it be that US democracy is captured? This seems unlikely when looked at from the viewpoint of our typical models of captured democracies. But perhaps there are other ways of thinking about this problem that might relate the increasingly paralyzing gridlock in US politics to capture-related ideas.
# Difference between Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) & (ANOVA) ## Definition of ANOVA ANOVA is extended as an analysis of variance that is described as a statistical technique to determine the means of two populations. The amount of variation between the samples is bifurcated while some specific causes of dependency are found out. ## Classification of ANOVA 1. One-way ANOVA: One factor investigates the difference factor among the available categories with a possibility of having n number of values. 2. Two-way ANOVA: Two factors are included in the investigation process simultaneously to measure analysis of the influential variable ## Definition of ANCOVA It stands for analysis of covariance, which is an extended form of ANOVA. The elimination of effects is done before research can be conducted. ANOVA and regression analysis is an important working point considering the variability of all other variables. Key differences between ANOVA and ANCOVA work into the statistical components that are taken into consideration. ## Differences between the chosen parameters Analysis of covariance is applicable to a comparison of one variable with other variables present in the population while considering other variables. ANOVA is on the other hand used for comparing and contrasting more than two populations. ANCOVA is used in research, where the effects of some antecedent variables are removed. As an example pre-test scores can be defined which are used as covariates in pre-test and post-test experimental designs. In the case of ANOVA, the process helps in finding out the difference between groups of data that are statistically significant. Levels of variance include group samples taken from each of the components. One-way ANOVA is used for the determination of statistically significant differences that is applicable for more than three independent groups. One-way ANOVA is the independent samples of t-tests that compare the means for two groups. Two-way ANOVA is used only when one measurement variable is working on two of the nominal variables. In simple words, while an experiment gets quantitative outcomes, there are two categorical explanatory variables presented that work on the appropriateness of ANOVA. For example, social media can be taken as an independent variable, and groups are assigned to low, medium, and high levels of social media users to find out if there exists any difference in sleeping hours per night. Different types of ANOVA include the use of Multivariate of analysis (MANOVA) which differs from ANOVA as the multiple dependent variables simultaneously assess the only dependent variable at a time. The p-value is the area that associates with a probability of observing a result as big as the one that is obtained from experiment F0. The null hypothesis seems to be true since the inferential statistic method concludes a population of a given sample set. The value which is calculated from the data given to a researcher is called the statistics or f-value. Now, in case a calculated f-value is found to be larger than the F critical value then the null hypothesis can be rejected easily. Three-way ANOVA has also been identified as effective in finance and social sciences. Comparison can be conducted based on the ANOVA uses, inclusion, and covariate functionalities. Comparison factors ANOVA ANCOVA Definition The examination is conducted to reach an outcome for multiple groups of data. ANCOVA is identified as a technique that is applicable for the removal of metric-scale dependent variables before undertaking research. Covariate It is ignored in this case The consideration is gained WG variation Attributes are associated with WG variation looking after individual differences Group variation is divided into individual differences. Application Used in both linear and non-linear models Used only in the linear model BG variation Attributes between BG variations exist that work as a barrier to the treatment of within-group (WG) variation Individual differences and covariates worked within a group of WG variations. The technique of identifying variance among the means of multiple groups works on homogeneity. It is a part of variance that is used for taking off the impact within more than one metric-scaled undesirable variable. ANOVA can be used for calculating the linear and nonlinear model components. On the other hand, Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) uses a single linear model. ANOVA characterizes group variations that are exclusive to treatment. ANCOVA divides between the group variation in treatment and covariates. ANOVA exhibits individual differences while the group variance individual differences are assigned to the components within regression analysis. ## Conclusion ANOVA SPSS is associated with large amounts of data processing in statistical analysis. Like the t-tests, are conducted for finding the differences between groups of data whichever is statistically significant. A covariate is identified as an independent variable that is looked upon to manage the "effects of the categorical independent on an interval dependent variable", which thereafter works on the covariate control. T-tests are an identified method that determines whether different populations are statistically different from each other or not. In this entire process, ANOVA and ANCOVA come handy within the SPSS data analysis software.
import pickle from huey.exceptions import QueueException class TaskRegistry(object): """ A simple Registry used to track subclasses of :class:`QueueTask` - the purpose of this registry is to allow translation from queue messages to task classes, and vice-versa. """ _ignore = ['QueueTask', 'PeriodicQueueTask', 'NewBase'] _registry = {} _periodic_tasks = [] def task_to_string(self, task): return '%s' % (task.__name__) def register(self, task_class): klass_str = self.task_to_string(task_class) if klass_str in self._ignore: return if klass_str not in self._registry: self._registry[klass_str] = task_class # store an instance in a separate list of periodic tasks if hasattr(task_class, 'validate_datetime'): self._periodic_tasks.append(task_class()) def unregister(self, task_class): klass_str = self.task_to_string(task_class) if klass_str in self._registry: del(self._registry[klass_str]) for task in self._periodic_tasks: if isinstance(task, task_class): self._periodic_tasks.remove(task) def __contains__(self, klass_str): return klass_str in self._registry def get_message_for_task(self, task): """Convert a task object to a message for storage in the queue""" return pickle.dumps(( task.task_id, self.task_to_string(type(task)), task.execute_time, task.retries, task.retry_delay, task.get_data(), )) def get_task_class(self, klass_str): klass = self._registry.get(klass_str) if not klass: raise QueueException('%s not found in TaskRegistry' % klass_str) return klass def get_task_for_message(self, msg): """Convert a message from the queue into a task""" # parse out the pieces from the enqueued message raw = pickle.loads(msg) task_id, klass_str, execute_time, retries, delay, data = raw klass = self.get_task_class(klass_str) return klass(data, task_id, execute_time, retries, delay) def get_periodic_tasks(self): return self._periodic_tasks registry = TaskRegistry()
Topic 5 BRIDGING THE DEVELOPMENT GAP The causes of the development gap. Understanding the development and the development gap Considering different measures of development Explain and contrast the different views of development - PowerPoint PPT Presentation The causes of the development gap How is this unit examined?2 hour written exam, including pre-released synoptic resources (8 weeks in advance) Part 1 5 out of 6 topics Part 2 6th topic in a synoptic context (will pull together aspects of the other 5 topics) 30% of A level StarterDiscuss with the person sitting next to you: What is the development gap? How do we measure development? DevelopmentWhat is the development gap?The social and economic difference or disparity between the wealthy and the poor both globally, between nations, and within countries (within cities or local regions) What is it measured by?GNPHDI Human development Index 0-1, 1 being best uses income per capita, adult literacy, life expectancy.And many other development indicators Views on development The Rostow ModelA study of 15 countries mainly in Europe suggested that all countries had the potential to break the cycle of poverty and develop through 5 stages Stage 1 Traditional SocietySubsistence economy based on farming with limited technology or capital to develop Stage 2 Preconditions to take-offOften an injection of external help industries develop and growth of infrastructure. Often single industry will dominate Stage 3 Take offManufacturing industries grow, airports and roads are built. Political and social changes. Farming will decline. Investment or borrowing increases Stage 4 Drive to maturityGrowth should be self-sustaining. Often multiplier effects in similar industry types. Rapid urbanisation Stage 5 High mass consumptionRapid expansion of tertiary services, employment in service industries grow but decline in manufacturing2345UK1750182018501940USA1800185019201930Japan1880190019301950India19501980--Ethiopia----Is this model valid?Model assumes that all countries start off at the same levelAlthough capital is needed to advance from a traditional society it often brings debt repayments which stop a country developingUnderestimates the extent and impact of colonialismPredicts too short a timescale between the beginning of growth and becoming self-sustainingViews on developmentFriedmanns Core and Periphery ModelShows how some areas become more economically developed than others and why some regions are more wealthier than others StagesStage 1 (Pre-industrial). The agricultural society, with localized economies and a small scale settlement structure. Fairly isolated, dispersed and low mobility. Stage 2 (Transitional). The concentration of the economy in the core begins due to capital and industrial growth. Trade and mobility increase Stage 3 (Industrial). Due to economic growth other growth centres appear. The main reasons for this are increasing production costs (mainly labour and land) in the core area. Stage 4 (Post-industrial). The urban system becomes fully integrated and inequalities are reduced significantly. Development is like an electric cable the power to drive countries from primitive to more advanced states. As the development cable model (right) shows, development is a multi-faceted processAt its core is economic development, but to achieve real progress social, political, environmental and personal development is also needed.Views on DevelopmentThe Development Cable Development can also be seen as a pathway.Countries develop at different speeds and may cluster at different placesWhat could hinder development?Views on DevelopmentThe Development PathwayHow do we measure development?Economic WealthMeasured as Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita = dividing the monetary value of all the goods and services provided in a country by its total population Gross National Income (GNI) includes income from overseas investments GDP preferred by the EUGNI by the UN and USA X Only useful in countries which have many economic transactions i.e. market economies rather than the non-money economy e.g. barter and exchange XHides extremes and uneven distribution of income between regions or socio-economic groupings X Not reflective of the local value of money 2) Purchasing Power Parity (PPI) GDPShows what per capita income will purchase when the cost of living is taken into account. E.g. In China the cost of living is low so $100 will buy far more there than in the USA This basket of goods costs 112 Indian Rupees in India, the equivalent of 1.50. To buy the same basket of goods in the UK would cost around 6. The difference in how much goods and services really cost, is why PPP (purchasing power parity) GDP income is used rather than raw GDP. Using raw GDP per capita average income in India is about $1000, but PPP GDP per capita income is $2800data for Dec 2009BurgernomicsTHE ECONOMIST's Big Mac index is based on the theory of purchasing-power parity: in the long run, exchange rates should adjust to equal the price of a basket of goods and services in different countries. This particular basket holds a McDonald's Big Mac, whose price around the world we compared with its American average of $4.20. North South Divide Brandt Commission in 1981Other criteria2) Social, cultural and welfare criteriaRecognising the complex nature of development is why development is often measured using an index, which combines a range of dataIndices are considered more accurate than single data points such as GDP per capita. Human Development Index (HDI) gives a country a score between 0 and 1 Enables anomalies to be spotted and identifies where poverty is greatestX No measure of human rights or freedom. There was a separate Human Freedom Index in 1991 but has not been done since. The Human Development Index (HDI)Life expectancy at birth + Literacy rate + Enrolment rate + GDP per capita PPPThe development gapThe geography of the development gap is more complex than a simple North-South divideLatin America has HDI levels similar to eastern Europe; Chinas HDI and some others in SE Asia are relatively highSouth Asia has a concentration of levels below 0.6Level in the Middle East are relatively high, although not in Yemen, Syria and IraqThe picture for Africa is very complex, with the extreme north and south having decent HDI levels, but some regions with shockingly low numbers Other Development Indicators? Infant mortalityThe number of children who die before they are five out of every 100 born.Life expectancyThe average age people can expect to live toWorld Freedom StatisticsThis is an index which takes into account a range of measures to determine how free people are in a particular country. The index is complex but takes into levels of political and civil liberties, levels of corruption, and levels of political and religious conflict. It generates an index score from 1 (free) through to 7 (not free).% GDP from AgricultureThe % of total GDP (the value of everything sold and made in a country) that comes from farming.% GDP from Secondary SectorThe % of total GDP (the value of everything sold and made in a country) that comes from manufacturing and secondary industry.PopulationThe total number of people living in a country.% Population growthThe % change (up or down) in a countrys population measured annually (every year).% of population living on less than $1 a day% of population living on less than $2 day What is this map showing? Life expectancyInfant mortality Oxford p183 Over to you qsOn your own qsPlenaryWhy is it hard to measure the development gap? Is the Brandt Line still valid? Explaining developmentDo you remember the food crisis of 2008? Explaining developmentDo you remember the food crisis of 2008?This is probably because you were well-sheltered from the worst because we live in a developed country.P179 OxfordWhich of the following are real causes for the rise in food prices since 2006:Global food crisisExtreme weatherGrowth of biofuelsRising demand in NICsClimate changeRising demand for cattle feedTraders hoarding foodDiseases wiping out cropsGlobalisationRising oil pricesChange in agricultural policies Global food crisisWhich of the following are real causes for the rise in food prices since 2006:Extreme weatherGrowth of biofuelsRising demand in NICsRising demand for cattle feedTraders hoarding foodRising oil pricesChange in agricultural policies The food price crisis shows how susceptible less-developed countries are to price rises.What happened to food prices in 2008?Why was this?Using the Philippines as an example, explain how a development gap was shown by the way in which the food crisis affected its people.What is the development gap? HW Reading Oxford 178-183Note taking
def print_fruit_prices(): print('Fruit Prices') for fruit, price in fruit_prices.items(): print('%s: $%.2f' % (fruit, price)) fruit_prices = {} num = int(input('How many different kinds of fruit would you like to enter?')) for i in range(num): fruit = input('Enter a fruit: \n') price = input('Enter the price of that fruit: \n') fruit_prices[fruit] = float(price) print_fruit_prices() while True: more = input('Would you like to enter any more fruits? (yes or no)\n') if more == 'no': break fruit = input('Enter a fruit: \n') price = input('Enter the price of that fruit: \n') fruit_prices[fruit] = float(price) print_fruit_prices() while True: less = input('Would you like to remove any fruits? (yes or no)\n') if less == 'no': break fruit = input('Enter a fruit to remove: \n') del fruit_prices[fruit] print_fruit_prices()
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Deborah Leslie provides an overview of activity in advertising in the 80s and early 90s, beginning with how globalization affected the industry structurally and showing how that played out in advertising strategy and content. Before the 80s advertising was primarily handled by small local offices. Although there still were still many small niche advertisers in 1995, the medium sized businesses had diminished in number. American markets were saturated by the 80s and the most potential for growth came from other countries. Advertising firms began directly investing in foreign offices instead of creating their own to reap the benefit of local knowledge. They also began buying each other up to lower costs and attain a wide geographic expansion of their services. This allowed for a diversification of services and a wider client base. As firms grew fewer and bigger, it became more important to be located in a major city. Most advertisers are based in New York City today, with some in London and Tokyo. These re-structurings appear to have affected the advertising workforce negatively, with employees complaining about big lay offs, overwork and less creative flexibility. The new global companies were faced with juggling between global and local advertising campaigns. Upscale commodities, and those embodying the American identity, such as soft drinks, jeans, computers, and pharmaceuticals, could be advertised as a world brand. Other commodities could not because associations from culture to culture would vary. Luckily, globalization isn't confined to advertising, and marketers found similar consumer segments repeated or created in populations all over the world. Women, youth, and mothers are seen as having the most in common, and are targeted more often as global advertising audiences. Advertising agencies restructured how they did business as they grew. The rampant merging had caused many clients who were competing with each other to be buying advertising from the same company. This conflict of interest, along with all the reorganization, caused high competition for contracts from an unstable client base. Meanwhile, clients began consolidating their business into one or two advertising firms instead of several dozen. All of this helped coordinate campaigns and manage the overall image for companies. As such, advertising agencies began organizing their services on the client instead of around a locality. Just as advertising may have created a national commodity culture, it may have begun creating a global one. British Airways (appropriately imperially) set the stage with an ad campaign featuring diverse actors converging in a non-descript field, accompanied by strong music and visuals, and few words. Many ads have followed suit, such as Benetton ads, which imply that people can overcome cultural boundaries through consumer citizenship. The places that are constructed in global advertising are non-places, and the people have thrown off traditional forms of identification. This may be less the meat of a common global culture, so much as a tools needed to enter a global culture. At one point, the author quotes Speigel, "The global village, after all, is the fantasy of the colonizer, not the colonized." It is hard for me to disagree with this; however, the author also points out that advertisers construct their material by scanning the market first. This article does not try to untangle the conundrum of who is creating the history described here. Nor does it state openly how all these globalizations are related. Perhaps the author collocating these globalizations not simply because they are united by being part of the history of advertising. She may be subtly pointing out that it is the simultaneity of these globalizations, of structure, strategy, content, and culture, that makes all this fit together. Without these globalizations happening contemporaneously in each sphere, could any of them have sustained themselves alone? Would they be considered globalization if they did?
मौका मिला तो देवगौड़ा कर्नाटक में दांव लगाने से नहीं चूकेंगे, चारा घोटाला के चौथे केस में लालू यादव को ७ साल की सजा चारा घोटाले के दुमका कोषागार से जुड़े मामले में राजद प्रमुख लालू यादव समेत सभी दोषियों को शुक्रवार को सुनवाई पूरी हो गई। सीबीआई के विशेष न्यायाधीश शिवपाल सिंह की अदालत में बिहार के पूर्व मुख्यमंत्री लालू प्रसाद सहित १९ दोषियों को सजा सुनाई गई। कोर्ट ने लालू यादव को सात साल की सजा सनाई है। इसके साथ ही उन पर ३० लाख रुपए का जुर्माना भी लागाया गया है। आपको बता दें कि कल अदालत में बचे हुए पांच दोषियों की सजा के बिंदु पर बहस हुई। इनमें राधा मोहन मंडल, राजा राम जोशी, सरवेंदु कुमार दास, रघुनंदन प्रसाद और राजेंद्र कुमार बगेरिया शामिल थे। इन दोषियों की ओर से अधिक उम्र, सीनियर सिटीजन, अधिक समय से मुकदमे का ट्रायल फेस करना सहित कई बीमारियों का हवाला देते हुए अदालत से सजा कम देने का अनुरोध किया गया। अदालत ने १९ मार्च को १९ लोगों को दोषी ठहराया था। सभी दोषियों के सजा के बिंदु पर २१ मार्च से सुनवाई शुरू हुई थी, जो २३ मार्च तक चली। जज शिवपाल सिंह ने कहा कि क्या गरीबों को बीमारी नहीं होती? आरोपी जो बीमारी बता रहे हैं सब बड़े लोगों की बीमारी है। जज ने कहा कि पढ़े लिखे लोग ही फ्रॉड करते हैं ऐसा उदाहरण नहीं मिलता कि कोई अनपढ़ फ्रॉड में शामिल हो। १९ अभियुक्त दोषी करार लालू प्रसाद, पूर्व मुख्यमंत्री फूलचंद सिंह, तत्कालीन सचिव, नंद किशोर प्रसाद, तत्कालीन वेटनरी ऑफिसर, ओपी दिवाकर, तत्कालीन क्षेत्रीय निदेशक, पार्टनर विश्वकर्मा एजेंसी, अजित कुमार शर्मा, प्रोपराइटर लिटिल ओक, विमल कांत दास, तत्कालीन वेटनरी ऑफिसर, गोपी नाथ दास, प्रोपराइटर, राधा फार्मेसी, एमएस बेदी, पंकज मोहन भुई, तत्कालीन एकाउंटेंट, पितांबर झा, तत्कालीन वेटनरी ऑफिसर, एसके दास, तत्कालीन असिस्टेंट, अरुण कुमार सिंह,प्रोपराइटर सेमेक्स क्रायोजेनिक्स, नरेश प्रसाद, प्रोपराइटर वायपर कुटीर, राजकुमार शर्मा, ट्रांसपोर्टर, आरके बगेरिया, ट्रांसपोर्टर, मनोजरंजन प्रसाद, केके प्रसाद, तत्कालीन वेटनरी ऑफिसर, रघुनाथ प्रसाद, तत्कालीन वेटनरी ऑफिसर, राधा मोहन मंडल, तत्कालीन वेटनरी ऑफिसर। राज्यसभा में अब ब्जप सबसे बड़ी पार्टी, क्या इस वजह से हुई ब्सप के अंबेडकर की हार? बजट सत्रः सांसदों के विदाई भाषण में पीएम मोदी बोले, सदन के दरवाजे बंद हुए हैं मेरे नहीं उप में अंबेडकर के नाम में जुड़ेगा रामजी, फैसले से ब्जप सांसद उदितराज खफा गुपचुप शिमला पहुंची सोनिया की अचानक बिगड़ी तबीयत, आधी रात दिल्ली के लिए रवाना
There is no doubt at all that technology helps us in many areas and industries, but in education the demand for it continues to rise. Educational technology can be a tremendous help and support to language academies and is the best accompaniment to classes when you want your students to be successful in studying one or more languages. According to a study by Ambient Insights, the global market for digital language learning tools, above all for English, reached $2.8 billion in 2015. Over five years the annual rate of growth has been 6.2%, and it is thought that revenue of $3.8 billion will be attained by 2020. It has been reported that in the near future translator tools, such as those created by Google and Skype, will become more dominant, making it less necessary to learn a language. However, it can be argued that by only using a translating tool we cannot master a language, although it does serve us to break down language and communication barriers in some situations. To learn a language well you need to work on the four pillars of language equally (speaking, writing, reading and listening) and study grammar and vocabulary. For the moment, translator tools only purely translate and do not teach these abilities. Those who truly learn and master a language continue to opt for classroom learning, blended or 100% online, but more and more have the need for the help of educational technology. The role of the teacher gains importance from being merely a presenter to that of a coach to their students, and can dedicate much more time to them as individuals, improving the quality of teaching. Further to this, the students evolve into active learners who are more involved in their learning thanks to the wide variety of interactive multimedia content in language courses, which is much more motivating and improves their results. Language academies who are dedicated to incorporating new educational technology can make the most of many advantageous features which come with it to improve performance at their centres. They can increase their student numbers and be seen as leaders in the world of language training. Advantages of educational technology for language academies #1 Educational technology makes language learning more effective Educational platforms like those used in blended or online learning are complementary to classroom learning and have a direct, positive impact on the process of acquiring a language. There have been numerous studies which have confirmed that classroom, or face-to-face, learning is much more effective when combined with e-learning. The teachers as well as the students have access to an infinite amount of resources and tools which make learning and mastering a language much more simple and attractive. #2 Educational technology allows academies to extend their reach to an international market These days an academy can open its doors to the rest of the country, and even to the rest of the world, thanks to technology. Offering classes online, or giving classes through a virtual classroom to individuals or in groups as if it were in a physical classroom, is now possible. Thanks to educational platforms which include virtual classrooms, language academies can now reach many more students, extend what they offer educationally, creating their own courses, and share all educational resources instantaneously with their students. #3 Educational technology makes classroom learning much more dynamic Academies can make classroom learning much more dynamic with all the content structured and ordered through the use of an interactive whiteboard, making the students much more participative in the classroom. Educational platforms and their software enable the teacher to prepare their classes “a la carte” with less effort but without decreasing the quality of teaching, including group activities, revision of difficult concepts etc. #4 Educational platforms offer numerous benefits to academies Platforms which are specialized in education have the main objective of making available to an academy the tools which help them to manage themselves effectively. Among these, the most important stand out as being those which: • Save time. • Decrease direct and indirect costs. • Encourage the most participation from students. • Optimise the teacher’s work. • Provide systems which students can use easily to do exercises and exams online. • Encourage group work. • Increase efficiency in the communication between teachers and students. • Allow the construction of their own educational community. • Make available more and better educational resources. • Incorporate virtual classrooms in which classes can be given either to individuals or groups. #5 Smartphones are one of the key tools for learning languages These days nobody can imagine not using their smartphone as much for personal as professional reasons, or sitting watching TV while swiping away at your tablet at the same time. Because of this, language courses that can be done on any gadget synchronized to the program, where and when the student wants to study, are attractive to academies. Students can access their learning materials with just one click. Interactive courses on educational platforms allow a different form of learning, attractive and above all motivating. In the opinion of the educational expert, and prize winner in education in the United Kingdom, Richard Gerver, it is the moment to revolutionize language learning methods and to employ technology which allows flexible learning, permitting the student to learn and adapt to what they want and need. As a result, language academies today more than ever should take advantage of this opportunity that educational technology delivers, to offer better language education and to continue having a relevant role in language training. You may also be interested in:
import pyaf.Bench.TS_datasets as tsds import tests.artificial.process_artificial_dataset as art art.process_dataset(N = 32 , FREQ = 'D', seed = 0, trendtype = "MovingAverage", cycle_length = 30, transform = "Difference", sigma = 0.0, exog_count = 0, ar_order = 12);
Search America's historic newspaper pages from 1789-1963 or use the U.S. Newspaper Directory to find information about American newspapers published between 1690-present. Chronicling America is sponsored jointly by the National Endowment for the Humanities external link and the Library of Congress. Learn more About Snips. (St. Johns, Ariz.) 1901-1903 St. Johns, Ariz. (1901-1903) - Snips. : (St. Johns, Ariz.) 1901-1903 - Place of publication: - St. Johns, Ariz. - Geographic coverage: - Snips Pub. Co. - Dates of publication: - Began 1901. Ceased 1903. - Apache County (Ariz.)--Newspapers. - Arizona--Apache County.--fast--(OCoLC)fst01217372 - Arizona--Saint Johns.--fast--(OCoLC)fst01226551 - Saint Johns (Ariz.)--Newspapers. - Archived issues are available in digital format as part of the Library of Congress Chronicling America online collection. - Description based on: Vol. 2, no. 14 (Dec. 18, 1902). - Merged with: St. Johns herald (St. Johns, Ariz. : 1885), to form: Snips and the St. Johns herald. - sn 95060580 - Succeeding Titles: - Related Links: - View complete holdings information - First Issue Last Issue The St. Johns Herald, Snips, and St. Johns Herald and Apache News The St. Johns Herald was established as a weekly Republican newspaper in 1885, under the editorship of Henry Reed. It went through numerous editors over its lifespan. Even with their small staffs, the back-room operations of Arizona territorial newspapers did not always run smoothly. Whiskey in the print shop tended to be the culprit, and the Herald was no exception. In fact, the paper had to reduce the size of some of its issues because its printers had "gotten thirsty." Cattle and sheep dominated the content in Arizona newspapers published in areas greatly influenced by the livestock industry. Patronage from organizations like the Southwestern Stock Association could even determine the choice of a paper’s masthead. The town of St. Johns was situated in cattle country and, as such, the Herald soon became known as a "cattle paper." In 1903, the Herald consolidated with another St. Johns’ newspaper Snips to become Snips and the St. Johns Herald, with Eli S. Perkins of the Herald staying on as editor. Reamer Ling, who had edited the Herald from January to September 1900, took over as editor once more in 1905. That same year, Snips and the St. Johns Herald merged with the Apache News, becoming the St. Johns Herald and Apache News. Ling and O.E. Overson alternated editing and owning this paper until 1910 when George E. Waite took over as editor. On March 29, 1917, Waite changed the masthead back to the St. Johns Herald. Waite and his family edited and published the newspaper until 1938. On February 12, 1938, the St. Johns Herald and Apache News merged with the St. Johns Observer to become the St. Johns Herald-Observer. Isaac Barth edited the merged periodical until 1946. In March, Myrlan G. Brown purchased the Herald-Observer from Barth's estate and combined it with the Apache County Independent-News to become the Apache County Independent-News and Herald-Observer. The McNary Pine Knot Post was added to the merger in November of 1947, creating the sole newspaper published in Apache County at that time.
Biome: Big Sky Country Biography: Also known as a cougar, puma, panther, catamount, painter or mountain lion, this cat is recognized by its large size, uniform tan color, and long tail. Of the New World cats, the mountain lion is second only to the jaguar in size, and typically weighs between 100 and 150 lbs. The solitary mountain lion stalks its prey and then surprises and takes it with a short burst of speed and a powerful leap. Though rarely seen, the mountain lion may cover twenty miles a night while hunting for deer and other animals. This secretive cat leaves little sign of its presence, other than its clawless four-inch tracks. Once found across the North American continent, the mountain lion now ranges from the Yukon, throughout the western United States, and deep into South America. It still has a greater geographical range than any other New World mammal, partly because it is adaptable to such a wide variety of habitats, from forests to deserts and jungles.
Zakat Foundation in Nigeria A former British colony until 1960, Nigeria was mostly ruled by succession of military regimes until a new constitution was adopted in 1999, and a peaceful transition to civilian government was completed. The country remains overly reliant on a petroleum-based economy, much of whose revenues are dissipated through corruption and mismanagement. Despite its status as Africa’s largest economy and increasing diversification of its economic activity, over 60% of the Nigerian population lives in poverty or relies on rural subsistence farming. In addition, Nigeria continues to experience longstanding ethnic and religious tensions, and is affected by instability in the surrounding countries. Zakat Foundation of America was on the ground assisting Nigerian refugees as they fled into Chad to escape conflict in the northeast part of the country in early 2015. Sources: UN Stats \| World Bank \| Pew Research Center
In this presentation, the sliding wear behavior of two magnesium alloys, namely AM100 and ZC63, and their saffil alumina short fiber-reinforced composites produced by the technique of squeeze infiltration will be elegantly highlighted and lucidly detailed. The sliding wear tests were conducted on two different types of counter-face materials, namely: EN24 Steel and SiC abrasive discs, using a pin-on-disc tribometer. The test results revealed that against both the chosen types of discs, the magnesium alloy-based composites revealed enhanced resistance to wear when compared to the unreinforced counterpart. It was observed in the two chosen composite systems that: (i) against EN24 steel disc, the wear rate decreased with an increase in volume fraction of the fiber reinforcement, and (ii) against SiC abrasive disc, the wear rate increased with an increase in volume fraction of the fiber reinforcement. Further, the ZC63 and its composites revealed noticeably higher wear rates than the AM100 composites when slid against a silicon carbide (SiC) counter-face. Such a behavior shown by the ZC63 system can be ascribed to the influence of the wear debris, as a third body, on the overall wear process. The nature of matrix (ductile or brittle) played an important role in determining the wear behavior of the chosen ZC63 and AM100 composites. The ZC63 matrix was ductile and the resultant debris arising from the ductile matrix was observed to be both embedded and compacted in the abrasive grits of the SiC counter face along with the hard alumina fibers. The compacted material on the counter-face disc caused counter-abrasion of the ZC63 composite test pin resulting is a higher wear rate on repeated sliding. For the AM100 composites, the matrix was brittle due to presence of Mg17Al12 precipitates. Unlike in the case of ZC63 composites, the wear debris generated from the brittle matrix remained free without getting compacted in the abrasive grits of the SiC counter-face, thereby minimizing counter-abrasion resulting in an observably lower wear rate.
Ammonium nitrate is a chemical compound that consists of nitrogen, hydrogen and oxygen. At room temperature it is a white crystal-like substance. Commercial production consists of reacting ammonia with nitric acid which produces a solution of ammonium nitrate. It has many important applications. Uses of ammonium nitrate - Ammonium nitrate is used in the high explosive ANFO (ammonium nitrate/fuel oil). This is one of the most popular explosives for a variety of applications such as; coal mining, quarrying, and in construction. It is popular because it is a cheap and highly stable explosive. ANFO makes up about 80% of all explosives used in the United States each year. Unfortunately ammonium nitrate is also used to create homemade explosives, often used by terrorists, called a fertilizer bomb. - Ammonium nitrate is also one of the most commonly used high nitrogen fertilizers. It is widely used for this purpose in agriculture around the world. - Another important use of this chemical compound is in instant cold packs. These contain two packs, one with water and the other with ammonium nitrate, and when broken these mix to create an endothermic reaction (absorbs heat from the surroundings to become cool). These packs are commonly used to reduce swelling for sports injuries or other first aid situations where ice is not available.
# Autor: Samantha Martínez Franco, A01747686 # Descripcion: Calcular la distancia o el tiempo con la formula de velocidad # Escribe tu programa después de esta línea. velocidad=int(input("¿Cuál es la velocidad en km/hr?")) distancia7=velocidad7 distancia4=velocidad4.5 tiempo791=791/velocidad print("Velocidad del auto:",velocidad,"km/hr") print ("Distancia recorrida en 7 hr: %5.1f"%(distancia7),"km") print ("Distancia recorrida en 4.5 hr: %5.1f"%(distancia4),"km") print ("Tiempo en recorrer 791 km: %5.1f" % (tiempo791),"hrs")

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YALM Pretraining Data - 6

The YALM Pretraining Data - 6 is a mix of English, Hindi, Math and Python Code taken from various sources for the Language modeling task and development of YALM(Yet Another Language Model).

Total Samples: 62M (~42B tokens with sample packing at 2048 Context)

Test Split: 10k Samples

Shuffle Seed: 101

Datasets:

English(65% - 40.30M):
- openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb
  - Language: English
  - Subset: en
  - Sources: fineweb
Hindi(15% - 9.30M):
- zicsx/mC4-Hindi-Cleaned
  - Language: Hindi
- zicsx/mC4-Hindi-Cleaned-3.0
  - Language: Hindi
- anirudhlakhotia/baarat-batched-hindi-pre-training
  - Language: Hindi
- HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-2
  - Language: Hindi
  - Subset: hin_Deva
Math(10% - 6.20M):
- HuggingFaceTB/finemath
  - Language: English
  - Subset: finemath-4plus
- HuggingFaceTB/finemath
  - Language: English
  - Subset: infiwebmath-4plus
Code(10% - 6.20M):
- angie-chen55/python-github-code
  - Language: Python
- Avelina/python-edu-cleaned
  - Language: Python

Downloads last month: 268

Size of downloaded dataset files:

138 GB

Size of the auto-converted Parquet files:

138 GB

Number of rows:

62,010,000