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mohamed-khalil
/

ATHAR

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وقتل الحسين بْن علي بْن عيسى بْن ماهان للنصف من رجب من هذه السنة في مسجد كوثر، وهو على فرسخ من بغداد في طريق النهرين	Al-Husayn b. 'Ali b. 'Isa b. Mahan was killed on the middle day of Rajab of this year, in the Mosque of Kawthar, one farsakh from Baghdad on the road to Nahr Bin
وقيل إن محمدا لما صفح عن الحسين استوزره ودفع إليه خاتمه	It has been said When Muhammad pardoned al-Husayn, he appointed him vizier and gave him his ring
وفي ذلك يقول علي بْن جبلة- وقيل الخريمى الا قاتل الله الالى كفروا به * وفازوا برأس الهرثمى حسين لقد أوردوا منه قناه صليبه * بشطب يماني ورمح رديني رجا في خلاف الحق عزا وإمرة *** فألبسه التأميل خف حنين	Concerning this, 'Ali b. Jabalah (some say al-Khuraymi) said Yea, may God assail those who disbelieved in Him, and took the head of Husayn al- Harthami. In him they brought down a firm spear (of a man), with a Yemeni sword and Rudayni spear. In opposition to right he expected honor and authority, but his desire brought him only the boot of Hunayn to wear
ثم لقيهم فحمل عليهم حملات في محلها يهزمهم ويقتل فيهم ثم أن فرسه عثر به وسقط، وابتدره الناس طعنا وضربا وأخذوا راسه	Then he encountered them, charging at them, driving them back with each charge, and killing some of them. Then his horse stumbled and he fell off. The people hastened to strike him with spears and swords, and they took his head
ثم وقف على باب الجسر، وهرب في نفر من خدمه ومواليه، فنادى محمد في الناس، فركبوا في طلبه، فأدركوه بمسجد كوثر، فلما بصر بالخيل نزل وقيد فرسه، وصلى ركعتين وتحرم	Then he halted at the foot of Bab al-Jisr. He fled with a group of his servants and mawali. Muhammad summoned troops, and they rode in pursuit of him. They overtook him at the Mosque of Kawthar. When he saw the horsemen, he dismounted and tied his horse. He prayed two prostrations and placed himself in a state of dedication
فضحك، ثم قَالَ ما أحرصني على ذاك إن ساعدني عمر، وأيدت بفتح ونصر	He laughed and said, How eager I am for that, if time helps me, and if I am aided by conquest and victory
حليم لدى النادي جهول لدى الوغى * عكور على الأعداء قليل التزيد فثأرك أدركه من القوم إنهم * رموك على عمد بشنعا مزند	He was grave in the council chamber, but impetuous in the fray often turning back to fight the foe, not speaking in excess. Then avenge yourself upon the enemy, for they intentionally have assailed you with a foul and ignoble deed
ثم أنشأت أقول هم قتلوه حين تم تمامه * وصار معزا بالندى والتمجد أغر كأن البدر سنة وجهه * إذا جاء يمشي في الحديد المسرد إذا جشأت نفس الجبان وهللت *** مضى قدما بالمشرفي المهند	I recited some verses to him, saying They slew him when his perfection had become complete, and he had become renowned for generosity and nobility. He was bright faced, as if the full moon were the form of his face, when he came walking in a coat of mail. When the coward's soul was sick with fear and recoiled, he marched forward, with a Mashrifi sword of Indian steel
ثم قلت له إنك قد أصبحت سيد العسكرين، وثقة أمير المؤمنين، فاشكر العفو والإقالة، ثم داعبته ومازحته	Then I said to him, You have become master of the two armies and the confidant of the Commander of the Faithful. Be thankful for the pardon and forgiveness! Then I jested and joked with him
وذكر عن عثمان بْن سعيد الطائي، قَالَ كانت لي من الحسين بْن علي ناحية خاصة، فلما رضي عنه محمد، ورد إليه قيادته ومنزلته، عبرت إليه مع المهنئين، فوجدته واقفا بباب الجسر، فهنأته ودعوت له	According to 'Uthman b. Sa'id al-Ta’i, who said I used to enjoy special favor with al-Husayn b. *Ali. After Muhammad pardoned him and restored to him his command and rank, I crossed over to him along with the well-wishers. I found him standing at Bab al-Jisr. I congratulated him and wished him well
ثم دعا له بخلعة فخلعها عليه، وحمله على مراكب، وأمره بالمسير إلى حلوان، وولاه ما وراء بابه	He then called for a robe of honor for him and put it on him. He gave him mounts, commanded him to go to Hulwan, and put him in charge of whatever was beyond its pass
قَالَ فما الذي استحققت به منك أن تخلع طاعتي، وتؤلب الناس علي، وتندبهم إلى قتالي! قَالَ الثقة بعفو أمير المؤمنين وحسن الظن بصفحه وتفضله قَالَ فإن أمير المؤمنين قد فعل ذلك بك، وولاك الطلب بثأرك، ومن قتل من أهل بيتك	Then how have I deserved your repudiating obedience to me, he asked, your inciting the people against me, and your urging them to fight me? Al-Husayn said, I trust the pardon of the Commander of the Faithful and hope for his forgiveness and favor. (Muhammad) said, The Commander of the Faithful hereby does so for you and puts you in charge of avenging yourself and the slain members of your family
وأتى بالحسين بْن على، فلامه محمد على خلافه وقال له ألم أقدم أباك على الناس، وأوله أعنة الخيل وأملأ يده من الأموال، وأشرف أقداركم في أهل خراسان، وأرفع منازلكم على غيركم من القواد! قَالَ بلى	Al-Husayn b. 'Ali was brought, and Muhammad rebuked him for his disobedience, saying, Did I not advance your father over people? Did I not give him charge of cavalry troops and fill his hand with money? Did I not give you positions of honor among the people of Khurasan and raise your ranks above those of other commanders? Yes, he replied
فنظر محمد إلى قوم ليس عليهم لباس الحرب والجند، ولا عليهم سلاح، فأمرهم فأخذوا من السلاح الذي في الخزائن حاجتهم ووعدهم ومناهم، وانتهب الغوغاء بذلك السبب سلاحا كثيرا ومتاعا من خز وغير ذلك	Muhammad noticed some men who were not wearing military or army clothing and who were not carrying weapons; he gave them orders, and they took what they needed from the weapons that were in the storerooms. He made them promises and raised their hopes; as a result the rabble (ghawgha’ looted many weapons, silken goods, and other things
ودخل أسد الحربي على محمد، فكسر قيوده وأقعده في مجلس الخلافة	Asad al-Harbi went in to Muhammad, broke his fetters, and seated him in the caliph's seat
وأسر الحسين بْن علي	Al-Husayn b. 'Ali was taken prisoner
ونهضت الحربية، ونهض معهم عامه اهل الارباض في المشهرات والعدة الحسنة فقاتلوا الحسين بْن علي وأصحابه قتالا شديدا منذ ارتفاع النهار إلى انكسار الشمس، وأكثروا في أصحابه الجراح	(The troops from al-Harbiyyah arose, and with them arose most of the people of the suburbs, with drawn swords and good equipment. They fought fiercely against al-Husayn b. 'AU and his forces from mid-morning until the rays of the sun grew weak, inflicting many wounds upon his forces
أما والله ما قتل قوم خليفتهم قط إلا سلط الله عليهم السيف القاتل، والحتف الجارف، انهضوا إلى خليفتكم وادفعوا عنه، وقاتلوا من أراد خلعه والفتك به	I swear to God, never have people killed their caliph but God has set upon them the power of the slaying sword and violent death. Arise and defend your caliph. Fight against whoever wants to depose and murder him
فقال أيها الناس، هل تعتدون على محمد بقطع منه لأرزاقكم؟ قالوا لا، قَالَ فهل قصر بأحد منكم أو من رؤسائكم وكبرائكم؟ قالوا ما علمنا، قَالَ فهل عزل أحدا من قوادكم؟ قالوا معاذ الله أن يكون فعل ذلك! قَالَ فما بالكم خذلتموه وأعنتم عدوه على اضطهاده وأسره	He said, Men, are you assailing Muhammad because he has cut off your pay? No, they said. Has he fallen short, he said in what is due to any of you, or your chiefs, or your eminent men? We know of no such case, they said. Has he removed any of your leaders? he said. God forbid that he should have done that! Then why have you abandoned him, he said, and helped his enemy oppress him and take him captive
فأقبل شيخ كبير من أبناء الكفاية على فرس، فصاح بالناس اسكتوا، فسكتوا	Then came an aged shaykh on a horse, one of the abstainers. He shouted to the men to be quiet, and they did so
وقام أسد الحربي، فقال يا معشر الحربية، هذا يوم له ما بعده، إنكم قد نمتم وطال نومكم، وتأخرتم فقدم عليكم غيركم، وقد ذهب أقوام بذكر خلع محمد وأسره، فاذهبوا بذكر فكه وإطلاقه	Asad al-Harbi stood up and said, People of al-Harbiyyah, this is a day of great consequence. You have been asleep, and your sleep has lasted a long time. You have lagged behind, and others have been given precedence over you. Some people have taken the position that Muhammad should be deposed and imprisoned; as for you, go and take the position that he should be released and set free
فلما أصبح الناس من الغد طلبوا من الحسين بْن علي الأرزاق وماج الناس بعضهم في بعض	The next day, the men demanded their pay (arzaq) from al-Husayn b. 'Ali and became unruly
ثم وثب العباس بْن موسى بْن عيسى على أم جعفر فأمرها بالخروج من قصرها إلى مدينة أبي جعفر، فأبت، فدعا لها بكرسي، وأمرها بالجلوس فيه، فقنعها بالسوط وساءها، وأغلظ لها القول، فجلست فيه، ثم أمر بها فأدخلت المدينة مع ابنها وولدها	Then al-'Abbas b. Musa b. 'Isa seized Umm Ja'far and ordered her to leave her palace for the City of Abu Ja'far. She refused; so he summoned a chair for her and ordered her to sit on it. He lay about her head with a whip, abused her, and spoke coarsely to her; so she sat in it. Then he gave orders concerning her and she was taken into the city, to be with her son and her other children
وغدا إلى محمد يوم الثلاثاء، فوثب بعد الوقعة التي كانت بين الحسين وبين أصحاب محمد العباس بْن موسى بْن عيسى الهاشمي على محمد، ودخل عليه فأخرجه من قصر الخلد إلى قصر أبي جعفر، فحبسه هناك إلى صلاة الظهر	On Tuesday, after the battle between al-FIusayn and the forces of Muhammad, al-'Abbas b. Musa b. 'Isa al-Hashimi went early to Muhammad and seized him. He went in to him and forced him to leave al-Khuld Palace for the Palace of Abu Ja'far. There he imprisoned him until the time of the midday prayer
قَالَ فخلع الحسين بْن علي محمدا يوم الأحد لإحدى عشرة ليلة خلت من رجب سنة ست وتسعين ومائة، وأخذ البيعة لعبد الله المأمون من غد يوم الاثنين إلى الليل	On Sunday, the nth of Rajab, 196 (March 28, 812), al-Husayn b. 'Ali declared Muhammad to be deposed and received the oath of allegiance for 'Abdallah al-Ma’mun from the morning of Monday until the evening
وأمر الحسين من كان معه من قواده وخاصة أصحابه بالنزول فنزلوا إليهم بالسيوف والرماح، وصدقوهم القتال، وكشفوهم حتى تفرقوا عن باب الخلد	Al-Husayn ordered his commanders and close companions who were with him to dismount. They dismounted to fight their foe with swords and spears, fighting with true valor, and pushing them back until they dispersed from the gate of al-Khuld Palace
وتسرعت خيول من خيول محمد من الأعراب وغيرهم إلى الحسين بْن علي، فاقتتلوا قتالا شديدا مليا من النهار	Some of Muhammad's horsemen—Bedouin Arabs and others—hurried to fight al-Husayn b. 'Ali. They fought fiercely for part of the day
واجتمعت الحربية وأهل الأرباض مما يلي باب الشام، وباب الأنبار وشط الصراة مما يلى باب الكوفه	Meanwhile, the people of al-Harbiyyah and the people of the suburbs near the Syrian Gate, \| al-Anbar Gate, and the bank of the sarat Canal near al-Kufah Gate) gathered
ثم أمر الناس بعبور الجسر فعبروا، حتى صاروا إلى سكة باب خراسان	Then he ordered the people to cross the bridge. They crossed it and came to the Khurasan Gate Road
فو الله لا ينصره منكم ناصر إلا خذل، ولا يمنعه مانع إلا قتل، وما عند الله لأحد هوادة، ولا يراقب على الاستخفاف بعهوده والحنث بأيمانه	By God, none of you has aided him but that he has been abandoned, and no one has protected him but that he has been killed. No one finds indulgence with God, nor does God have regard for him, if he violates his promises and breaks his oaths
فاقطعوا أثره قبل أن يقطع أثاركم، وضعوا عزه قبل ان يضع عزكم	Cut off his influence, before he cuts off yours! Bring down his strength, before he brings down yours
وهو صاحب الزواقيل بالأمس، وبالله إن طالت به مدة وراجعه من أمره قوة، ليرجعن وبال ذلك عليكم، وليعرفن ضرره ومكروهه في دولتكم ودعوتكم	Only yesterday, he was the master of the Zawdqill By God, if his term lasts long and he regains strength, the unwholesome consequences of this will return upon you, and the harm and adversity he causes to your dynasty dawlah and regime (da 'wah will become evident
وأن محمدا يريد أن يوتغ أديانكم، وينكث بيعتكم، ويفرق جمعكم، وينقل عزكم إلى غيركم	Muhammad wants to corrupt the usages of your religion. He would violate the terms of your oath of allegiance, break up your unity, and transfer your strength to others
وقال يا معشر الأبناء، إن خلافة الله لا تجاور بالبطر، ونعمه لا تستصحب بالتجبر والتكبر	He said, Men of the Abnd’, God's caliphate gives no license for arrogant behavior, nor do His favors consort with insolence and pride
وأصبح الحسين فوافى باب الجسر، واجتمع إليه الناس، فأمر بإغلاق الباب الذى يخرج منه الى قصر عبد الله بْن علي وباب سوق يحيى	In the morning, al-Husayn went to Bab al-Jisr. Troops gathered around him, and he ordered that the gate leading out to the Palace of 'Abdallah b. 'Ali should be locked, along with the gate of the Market of Yahya
فانصرف الرسول	The messenger went away
فلما كان في جوف الليل بعث اليه محمد يأمره بالركوب إليه، فقال للرسول والله ما أنا بمغن ولا بمسامر ولا مضحك، ولا وليت له عملا، ولا جرى له على يدي مال، فلأي شيء يريدني في هذه الساعة! انصرف، فإذا أصبحت غدوت إليه إن شاء الله	In the middle of the night, Muhammad sent to him, commanding him to ride to him. Al-Husayn said to the messenger, By God, I am not a singer, an evening companion, or a jester. I have not taken charge of any province for him, nor have I collected money for him. Why does he want me at this hour? Go away! When it is morning, I will come early to him, God willing
وذكر أنه تلقاه الأبناء وأهل بغداد بالتكرمة والتعظيم، وضربوا له القباب، واستقبله القواد والرؤساء والأشراف، ودخل منزله في أفضل كرامة وأحسن هيئة	He mentioned that the Abnd’ and people of Baghdad met al-Husayn with honor and exaltation. They erected tents for him, and the commanders, chiefs, and nobles (ushrd/j went out to meet him. He entered his home in the highest honor and making a very fine figure
وذكر أحمد بْن عبد الله، أنه كان فيمن شهد مع عبد الملك الجزيرة لما انصرف بهم الحسين بْن علي، وذلك في رجب من سنة ست وتسعين ومائة	Ahmad b. 'Abdallah mentioned that he was one of those present in al-Jazirah with 'Abd al-Malik when al-Husayn b. 'Ali led them back and that this was in Rajab of 196
ذكر عن داود بْن سليمان أن عبد الملك بْن صالح لما توفي بالرقة، نادى الحسين بْن علي بْن عيسى بْن ماهان في الجند، فصير الرجالة في السفن والفرسان على الظهر ووصلهم، وقوى ضعفاءهم، ثم حملهم حتى أخرجهم من بلاد الجزيرة، وذلك في سنة ست وتسعين ومائة	According to Dawud b. Sulayman After the death of 'Abd al-Malik b. Salih at al-Raqqah, al-Husayn b. 'Ali b. 'Isa b. Mahan summoned the army. He put the foot soldiers into boats and had the horsemen mount. He gave them gifts,- those who were weak he strengthened and mounted on horses, until he brought them out of the territory of al-Jazirah. This was in the year 196
ذكر الخبر عن سبب خلعه	A report of the reason for this follows
وفيها حبس محمد بْن هارون في قصر أبي جعفر مع أم جعفر بنت جعفر. ابن أبي جعفر	In this year, Muhammad b. Harun was imprisoned in the Palace of Abu Ja'far with Umm Ja'far, the daughter of Ja'far b. Abi Ja'far
وفي هذه السنة خلع محمد بْن هارون، وأخذت عليه البيعة لأخيه عبد الله المأمون ببغداد	In this year, Muhammad b. Harun was deposed and made to swear allegiance to his brother, 'Abdallah al-Ma’mun, in Baghdad
وتوفي في هذه السنة عبد الملك بْن صالح	In this year, 'Abd al-Malik b. Salih died
وانهزمت الزواقيل، وكان على حاميتهم يومئذ نصر ابن شبث وعمرو السلمي والعباس بْن زفر	The Zawaqil were defeated. Their line of defense that day had been led by Nasr b. Shabath, 'Amr b. 'Abd al-'Aziz al-Sulami, and al-'Abbas b. Zufar al-Kilabi
وحملت الأبناء حملات، في كلها يقتلون ويجرحون، وكان أكثر القتل والبلاء في تلك الدفعة لكثير بْن قادرة وأبي الفيل وداود بن موسى ابن عيسى الخراساني	Then the Abnd’ made attacks, killing and wounding in each of them. Most of the killing and bravery in that charge were the work of Kathir b. Qadirah, Abu al-Fil, and Dawud b. Musa b. 'Isa al-Khurasani
ثم حمل هو وأصحابه، فقاتل قتالا شديدا، فصبر لهم الجند، وكثر القتل في الزواقيل	He and his companions then attacked. He fought fiercely, but the army held firm against them, and there was great slaughter among the Zawaqil
وأقبل نصر بْن شبث في الزواقيل على فرس كميت أغر، عليه دراعة سوداء قد ربطها خلف ظهره، وفي يده رمح وترس، وهو يقول فرسان قيس اصمدن للموت *** لا ترهبنى عن لقاء الفوت دعى التمنى بعسى وليت	Nasr b. Shabath \|al-'Uqayli(,° came with the Zawaqil. He was riding a chestnut horse with a blaze on its forehead and was wearing a black tunic (durraah) that he had tied behind his back. In his hand he had a spear and shield, and he was reciting Horsemen of Qays, be steadfast unto death! (My soulj, do not frighten me away from meeting sudden death. Cease hoping with thoughts of J it might be and would that it were
فقال والله ما أنا من قيسها ولا يمنها، ولا كنت في أول هذا الأمر لأشهد آخره، وإني لأشد إبقاء على قومي، وأنظر لعشيرتي من أن أعرضهم للهلاك بسبب هؤلاء السفهاء من الجند وجهال قيس، وما أرى السلامة إلا في الاعتزال	Tawq replied, By God, I do not belong to al-Jazirah's Qays or to its Yemen. I was not involved in the beginning of this affair, that I should be present to witness its end! I care too much for my men and my people to expose them to death on account of these fools from the army and ignorant men from Qays. I see safety only in keeping clear
فأتى طوقا رجل من بني تغلب، فقال ألا ترى ما لقيت العرب من هؤلاء! انهض فإن مثلك لا يقعد عن هذا الأمر، قد مد أهل الجزيرة أعينهم إليك، وأملوا عونك ونصرك	A man from the Banu Taghlib went to Tawq and said, Don't you see what the Arabs have suffered at the hands of these men? Arise! You are not the kind of man to hold back from this affair. The people of al-Jazirah have turned their eyes to you. They hope for your help and assistance
وأقام الحسين بْن علي بْن عيسى بْن ماهان مع جماعة أهل خراسان والأبناء على باب الرافقة تخوفا لطوق بْن مالك	Al-Husayn b. 'Ali b. 'Isa b. Mahan with a group of Khurasanian troops stayed at the gate of al-Rafiqah for fear of Jawq b. Malik
وأقبلت الزواقيل حتى أضرموا ما كان التجار جمعوا من الأعلاف بالنار	The Zawaqil went and burned most of the fodder that the merchants had gathered
ثم سار وسار معه عامة أهل الشام	So he went, and most of the Syrians went with him
فمن أراد الانصراف فلينصرف معي	Whoever wants to depart, let him depart with me
ألا وإني راجع	I for one am going back
الموت الفلسطيني خير من العيش الجزري	A Palestinian death is better than a life in al-Jazirah
شامكم شأمكم، داركم داركم	To Syria! (To Syria!) To your home! To your home
اعتزلوا الشر قبل أن يعظم، وتخطوه قبل أن يضطرم	Withdraw from evil, before it grows great; pass it by, before it flames up
وإنكم لتعرفون مواقع سيوف أهل خراسان في رقابكم، وآثار أسنتهم في صدوركم	You know the blows that the Khurasanians' swords have inflicted on your necks and the marks of their spears on your breasts
ثم قَالَ يا معشر كلب، إنها الراية السوداء، والله ما ولت ولا عدلت ولا ذل ناصرها، ولا ضعف وليها	Then he said, Men of Kalb, it is the black banner! By God, it has never turned back or turned aside. Its upholder has never submitted, and its keeper has never become weak
وقام رجل من كلب في غرز ناقته، ثم قَالَ شؤبوب حرب خاب من يصلاها * قد شرعت فرسانها قناها فأورد الله لظى لظاها * إن غمرت كلب بها لحاها	A man from the tribe of) Kalb stood up in the stirrups of his camel and recited A war so vehement that whoever suffers it comes to grief! A war whose horsemen have leveled their spear shafts! God has brought a blaze—the blaze of war! If Kalb plunges into it, He will cover them with shame
النفير النفير، قبل أن ينقطع السبيل، وينزل الأمر الجليل، ويفوت المطلب، ويعسر المذهب، ويبعد العمل، ويقترب الأجل	To arms! To arms!—before the way is cut off, and trouble alights; before the time of seeking passes, and the way of departure becomes difficult; before action becomes impossible, and the appointed time draws near
إن المنايا في شوارب المسودة وقلانسهم	Death is in the moustaches and the high hats of the black-robed ones
إنكم بعدتم عن بلادكم، وخرجتم من أقاليمكم، ترجون الكثرة بعد القلة والعزة بعد الذلة! ألا وفي الشر وقعتم، وإلى حومة الموت أنختم	You have gone far from your lands and have left your regions, seeking abundance after having experienced dearth, and esteem after having been despised—and now you have fallen into disaster and dismounted in the place where death rages most fiercely
وقام رجل من أهل حمص، فقال يا أهل حمص، الهرب أهون من العطب، والموت أهون من الذل	One of the men of Hims stood up and said, People of Hims, flight is a lesser evil than destruction, and death is a lesser evil than humiliation
وأصبح الزواقيل، فاجتمعوا بالرقة، واجتمع الأبناء وأهل خراسان بالرافقة	The next morning, the Zawaqil gathered in al-Raqqah; the Abna’ and Khurasanians gathered in al-Rafiqah
وقام بأمر الأبناء الحسين بْن علي بْن عيسى بْن ماهان	Al-Husayn b. 'Ali b. 'Isa b. Mahan led the Abna
وتفاقم الأمر فيما بينهم	The situation worsened
فغضب من كان أمسك عن الشر من الأبناء	The Abnd’ who had held back from the violence became angry
فأخبر عبد الملك بكثرة من قتل -وكان مريضا مدنفا- فضرب بيده على يد، ثم قال وا ذلاه! تستضام العرب في دارها ومحلها وبلادها	When 'Abd al-Malik, who was seriously ill, was told of the large number who had been killed, he struck his hands together and said, Oh my humiliation! The Arabs are being mistreated in their own dwelling, their own place, and their own land
واقتتلوا يومهم ذلك قتالا شديدا، وأكثرت الأبناء القتل في الزواقيل	They fought fiercely all day, and the Abnd’ killed many of the Zawaqil
فوجه إليهم رسولا يأمرهم بالكف ووضع السلاح، فرموه بالحجارة	He sent a messenger to them, commanding them to stop and lay down their arms, but they threw stones at him
وتنادى الزواقيل، فركبوا خيولهم، ولبسوا أسلحتهم، ونشبت الحرب بينهم وبلغ ذلك عبد الملك بْن صالح	The Zawaqil assembled, mounted their horses, and girded on their swords. A battle broke out between them. Word of this reached ’Abd al-Malik b. Salih
وأتوا الزواقيل وهم غارون، فوضعوا فيهم السيوف، فقتلوا منهم مقتلة عظيمة وذبحوهم في رحالهم	They took the Zawaqil by surprise, attacked them with swords, killed large numbers of them, and slaughtered them in their dwellings
فاستعد الأبناء وتهيئوا	The Abnd’ then prepared themselves and made ready
فقال ما كنت لأدخل في شغب، ولا أشاهدكم على مثل الحالة	He replied, I am not going to get into a fight or be present with you in such a situation
فقالوا أنت شيخنا وفارسنا، وقد ركب الزواقيل منا ما قد بلغك، فاجمع أمرنا وإلا استذلونا، وطمعوا فينا، وركبوا بمثل هذا في كل يوم	You are our shaykh, they said, our chief and our hero. You have seen how the Zawaqil have treated us. Unite us; or else they will despise us, embolden themselves against us, and behave like this every day
ومشى بعض الأبناء إلى بعض، فاجتمعوا إلى محمد بن ابى خالد	The Abna’ consulted with each other and assembled before Muhammad b. Abi Khalid
وتلاطموا وتضاربوا بالأيدي	They clashed and fought hand to hand
ثم ان بعض جند أهل خراسان نظر إلى دابة كانت أخذت منه في وقعة سليمان بْن أبي جعفر تحت بعض الزواقيل، فتعلق بها، فجرى الأمر بينهما إلى أن اختلفا، واجتمعت جماعة من الزواقيل والجند، فتلاحموا، وأعان كل فريق منهم صاحبه	Then someone from the army of the people of Khurasan sighted a horse that had been taken from him at the battle of Sulayman b. Abi Ja'far being ridden by one of the Zawaqil. He pursued it, and a quarrel ensued between the two men. A group of Zawaqil and Khurasanian soldiers gathered. They joined battle. Each group helped its man
واجتمعوا عنده حتى كثروا	They assembled in his presence until they became very numerous
فأتاه أهل الشام الزواقيل والأعراب من كل فج	So the people of Syria—Zawaqil and Bedouin Arabs—came to him from every direction
فذكر داود بْن سليمان أنه لما قدم عبد الملك الرقة، أنفذ رسله، وكتب إلى رؤساء أجناد الشام ووجوه الجزيرة، فلم يبق أحد ممن يرجى ويذكر بأسه وغناؤه إلا وعده وبسط له في أمله وأمنيته، فقدموا عليه رئيسا بعد رئيس، وجماعة بعد جماعة، فكان لا يدخل عليه أحد إلا أجازه وخلع عليه وحمله	According to Dawud b. Sulayman When 'Abd al-Malik reached al-Raqqah, he dispatched his messengers and wrote to the heads of the armies of Syria and the chiefs of al-Jazirah. There remained not one of them of whom hopes were entertained and whose valor and ability were commended to whom he did not make promises and whose hopes and expectations he did not enlarge. So they came to him chief after chief and group after group. Whenever anyone came before him, he would give him a gift, bestow a robe of honor upon him, and give him a horse
قد تقدم ذكري سبب توجيه محمد إياه لذلك	\|I have already mentioned the reasons why Muhammad sent him to do this
ذكر الخبر عن ذلك	A report of this follows
فلما بلغ الرقة اقام بها. وانفذ رسله وكتبه الى رؤساء اجناد اهل الشام بجمع الرجال بها، وامداد محمد بهم لحرب طاهر	When he reached al-Raqqah, he established himself there. \|He dispatched his messengers and letters to the heads of the armies of the Syrians, saying that men should be assembled there and Muhammad should be supplied with them for the war against Tahir
وفي هذه السنة سار عبد الملك بْن صالح إلى الشام	In this year, 'Abd al-Malik b. Salih traveled to Syria
فولاه الشام والجزيرة، واستحثه بالخروج استحثاثا شديدا، ووجه معه كنفا من الجند والأبناء	He put him in charge of Syria and al-Jazirah and strongly urged him to depart. He sent with him a garrison kanaf) of soldiers and Abna
فاعمل عملا يظهر أثره، ويحمد بركته برأيك ونظرك فيه إن شاء الله	With your judgment and insight, act so that the effect of the action will become apparent and its benefit will be praised, God willing
فقال محمد فإني موليك أمرهم، ومقويك بما سألت من مال وعدة، فعجل الشخوص إلى ما هنالك	Muhammad said, I will put you in charge of them and strengthen you with whatever money and equipment you ask. Set out as soon as possible
فإن وجهني أمير المؤمنين اتخذت له منهم جندا تعظم نكايتهم في عدوه، ويؤيد الله بهم أولياءه وأهل طاعته	If the Commander of the Faithful dispatches me, I will get him an army of them who will do great damage to his enemy and through whom God will aid His friends and the people who obey Him
وجلهم منقاد إلي، مسارع إلى طاعتي	Most of them are submissive to me and quick to obey me
وأهل الشام قوم قد ضرستهم الحروب، وأدبتهم الشدائد	The Syrians, on the other hand, are men tested in war and disciplined by hardships
فإن سيرتهم إلى طاهر غلب بقليل من معه كثيرهم، وهزم بقوة نيته ضعف نصائحهم ونياتهم	If you send them against Tahir, he with his few troops will overcome their large numbers; with his strength of resolve, he will defeat their weak loyalty and resolve
ونهكتهم وأضعفتهم الحرب والوقائع، وامتلأت قلوبهم هيبة لعدوهم، ونكولا عن لقائهم ومناهضتهم	Fighting and battles have unnerved and weakened them, and their hearts have become filled with awe of their enemy and aversion to meeting them and fighting them
ومع هذا فإن جندك قد رعبتهم الهزائم	Furthermore, the defeats have frightened your army
وقد بذلت سماحتك، فإن أتممت على أمرك أفسدتهم وأبطرتهم، وإن كففت أمرك عن العطاء والبذل أسخطتهم وأغضبتهم، وليس تملك الجنود بالإمساك، ولا يبقى ثبوت الأموال على الإنفاق والسرف	You have given free rein to your generosity. If you keep doing this, you will make them unruly and insolent; and if you stop giving and being generous, you will irritate and anger them. One does not retain soldiers by economizing; on the other hand, fiscal stability cannot last in the face of expenditure and extravagance
فقال يا أمير المؤمنين، إني أرى الناس قد طمعوا فيك وأهل العسكرين قد اعتمدوا ذلك	So he said, Commander of the Faithful, I see that the people have become emboldened against you. The men of the two armies have acted in this way
فكان عبد الملك يشكر ذلك لمحمد، ويوجب به على نفسه طاعته ونصيحته	’Abd al-Malik felt grateful to Muhammad for this and considered it his obligation to obey him and give him sincere advice in return
فلما توفي الرشيد، وأفضى الأمر إلى محمد امر بتخلية سبيله، وذلك في ذي القعدة سنة تسع وثلاثين ومائة	After al-Rashid died and Muhammad succeeded to power, the latter commanded that 'Abd al-Malik should be released. This took place in Dhu al-Qa'dah 193

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