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2,155,239 | Nkhata Bay crocodile on the nose. The crocodile then released him, and Chawinga managed to return to the shore, although he had received severe injuries to his legs and arms. "The Times" reported that, according to "wildlife experts", Chawinga is the first person to survive after "using such an audacious tactic". On 9 May 2004, the then-Tourism, Parks and Wildlife Minister Wallace Chiume survived when a boat capsized in Nkhata Bay. At least six other people drowned in the accident. One of the dead passengers was a child. The boat was being used for campaigning in the Malawian election. Strong winds were | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,240 | Nkhata Bay blamed for the accident which happened from the shore of Lake Malawi. 40 people were on the boat at the time. In 2006, the Nkhata Bay AIDS Support Organization was created in Malawi and later registered in the state of Wisconsin as a non-profit corporation. The American-Malawian partnership has led to great success in the fight against HIV/AIDS in the Nkhata Bay District. Over six outreach clinics were established in the past two years, leading to a 23% drop in positive HIV testing results. The charity operates on a small budget coming from local Wisconsin donors. Nkhata Bay Nkhata Bay | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,241 | Berkley High School Berkley High School Berkley High School is a public high school in Berkley, Michigan. Berkley High's colors are Maroon and Blue and the school's mascot is a Bear. Berkley is well known for its college prep courses, high standardized test scores, and teachers and administrators. BHS offers 20+ Advanced Placement courses at its campus. Additional Advanced Placement courses and electives are available to students who elect to attend the Center for Advanced Studies and the Arts (CASA), an afternoon consortium school run jointly by Berkley and six neighboring school districts. Their newspaper is The Spectator, which is a member of | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,242 | Berkley High School the High School National Ad Network. The principal is Randy Gawel. The assistant principals are Andrew Meloche and Ronald Kane. Berkley High School has been accredited by the Michigan North Central Association Commission on Accreditation and School Improvement since the 1928-29 school year. As of the 2012-13 school year, the school had an enrollment of 1,250 students and 74.6 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student-teacher ratio of 18.1. Berkley High School was named to Newsweek’s 2013 list of 2,000 Best High Schools in the nation—ranked 22nd in Michigan. This ranking highlights the schools that have proven to | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,243 | Berkley High School be the most effective in turning out college-ready graduates. BHS has been on the Newsweek Best High Schools list since 2008. The high school scored above state averages in all MME/ACT categories in 2013. Berkley High School has approximately 1,250 students. The student body is diverse in race, religion and socio-economics. Berkley High is a member of the Berkley School District, which encompasses the cities of Berkley, Huntington Woods, the part of Oak Park that is north of 10 Mile Road and the few blocks of Royal Oak that are west of Woodward Avenue and directly behind the Detroit Zoo. | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,244 | Berkley High School Berkley High School is home to a variety of musical ensembles. The wind ensembles are made up of the BHS Marching Band, Symphonic Band, Concert Band, and Jazz Band. Marching Band is only the first semester, and Symphonic Band takes its place second semester. Jazz band is also available for students. The symphonic band is reputed for playing pieces such as "On a Hymnsong of Philip Bliss", "First Suite in E-Flat for Military Band", and "Second Suite in F for Military Band". Alan Posner became the band director in 2011. BHS has three string orchestras, Sinfonia, Symphony Orchestra and Concert | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,245 | Berkley High School Orchestra, all lasting the whole year. In January 2009 and again in 2013, the Symphony Orchestra took first place at the Presidential Inaugural (Heritage Festival). BHS also has four choirs: Concert Choir, Encore!, Belle Tones, and A Cappella. Encore! and A Cappella are audition only. All people from these organizations are able to collaborate through BHS' Musical National Honor Society, known as Tri-M. Tri-M puts on a concert in the spring showcasing the musical talent at BHS. In May 2007, the Berkley High School A Cappella choir was invited to New York City where they performed Beethoven's Mass in C | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,246 | Berkley High School Major in New York City's Carnegie Hall. In May 2013, the Berkley High School Symphony Orchestra and A Cappella Choir performed the American premiere of "My Name is Anne Frank" a cantata. In addition to the musical ensembles, BHS also has a drama program. Berkley's athletic teams currently compete in the Oakland Activities Association (OAA) with the exception of the Rugby teams (club) and the Junior Varsity hockey team (Southeast Michigan Prep Hockey League). Lori Stone became the Athletic Coordinator in 2012. Although the school nickname is "The Bears," the boys' and girls' Swimming and Diving teams are known as | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,247 | Berkley High School the "Bearracudas" or "Cudas." Their basketball court is known as the "Bear's Den". The Berkley football team, soccer teams, and track & field teams compete at Hurley field located less than a half-mile from the high school at Anderson Middle School. The field was renovated during the spring of 2002 and re-opened with many new facilities at the beginning of the 2002-2003 school year. The field was also updated in 2010 with a new track and 2012 with a new turf field. The field is also used for many other high school tournaments, community sporting events, and semi-pro soccer leagues. | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,248 | Berkley High School Next to Hurley Field is Pop Lewis field where the high school baseball games are held along with other community baseball leagues. The softball teams play at the two neighboring fields located south of Pop Lewis field. The tennis courts are also next to Hurley Field. Berkley Varsity Hockey and JV/Prep Hockey compete at the Berkley Ice Arena, which is also adjacent to Hurley Field and tennis courts. The cross-country team competes at Catalpa Park, which is about a mile from the school and half mile from Hurley field. The golf team competes at Detroit Golf Club and won their | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,249 | Berkley High School league with an undefeated record in 2009. The bowling team competes at Hartfield Lanes. The rest of the teams compete within the school building or outside (rugby) on other school grounds. The BHS boys rugby team was the state champion in 2009 after an undefeated season, and the girls rugby team was state runner-up that year as well. Berkley High School Berkley High School is a public high school in Berkley, Michigan. Berkley High's colors are Maroon and Blue and the school's mascot is a Bear. Berkley is well known for its college prep courses, high standardized test scores, and | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,250 | Tautology (logic) Tautology (logic) In logic, a tautology (from the Greek word ταυτολογία) is a formula or assertion that is true in every possible interpretation. A simple example is "(x equals y) or (x does not equal y)" (or as a less abstract example, "The ball is green or the ball is not green"). Philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein first applied the term to redundancies of propositional logic in 1921. (It had been used earlier to refer to rhetorical tautologies, and continues to be used in that alternative sense.) A formula is satisfiable if it is true under at least one interpretation, and thus | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,251 | Tautology (logic) a tautology is a formula whose negation is unsatisfiable. Unsatisfiable statements, both through negation and affirmation, are known formally as contradictions. A formula that is neither a tautology nor a contradiction is said to be logically contingent. Such a formula can be made either true or false based on the values assigned to its propositional variables. The double turnstile notation formula_1 is used to indicate that "S" is a tautology. Tautology is sometimes symbolized by "V"pq"", and contradiction by "O"pq"". The tee symbol formula_2 is sometimes used to denote an arbitrary tautology, with the dual symbol formula_3 (falsum) representing an | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,252 | Tautology (logic) arbitrary contradiction; in any symbolism, a tautology may be substituted for the truth value "true," as symbolized, for instance, by "1." Tautologies are a key concept in propositional logic, where a tautology is defined as a propositional formula that is true under any possible Boolean valuation of its propositional variables. A key property of tautologies in propositional logic is that an effective method exists for testing whether a given formula is always satisfied (or, equivalently, whether its negation is unsatisfiable). The definition of "tautology" can be extended to sentences in predicate logic, which may contain quantifiers, unlike sentences of propositional | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,253 | Tautology (logic) logic. In propositional logic, there is no distinction between a tautology and a logically valid formula. In the context of predicate logic, many authors define a tautology to be a sentence that can be obtained by taking a tautology of propositional logic and uniformly replacing each propositional variable by a first-order formula (one formula per propositional variable). The set of such formulas is a proper subset of the set of logically valid sentences of predicate logic (which are the sentences that are true in every model). The word "tautology" was used by the ancient Greeks to describe a statement that | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,254 | Tautology (logic) was asserted to be true merely by virtue of saying the same thing twice, a pejorative meaning that is still used for rhetorical tautologies. Between 1800 and 1940, the word gained new meaning in logic, and is currently used in mathematical logic to denote a certain type of propositional formula, without the pejorative connotations it originally possessed. In 1800, Immanuel Kant wrote in his book "Logic": Here "analytic proposition" refers to an analytic truth, a statement in natural language that is true solely because of the terms involved. In 1884, Gottlob Frege proposed in his "Grundlagen" that a truth is | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,255 | Tautology (logic) analytic exactly if it can be derived using logic. But he maintained a distinction between analytic truths (those true based only on the meanings of their terms) and tautologies (statements devoid of content). In 1921, in his "Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus", Ludwig Wittgenstein proposed that statements that can be deduced by logical deduction are tautological (empty of meaning) as well as being analytic truths. Henri Poincaré had made similar remarks in "Science and Hypothesis" in 1905. Although Bertrand Russell at first argued against these remarks by Wittgenstein and Poincaré, claiming that mathematical truths were not only non-tautologous but were synthetic, he later | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,256 | Tautology (logic) spoke in favor of them in 1918: Here "logical proposition" refers to a proposition that is provable using the laws of logic. During the 1930s, the formalization of the semantics of propositional logic in terms of truth assignments was developed. The term "tautology" began to be applied to those propositional formulas that are true regardless of the truth or falsity of their propositional variables. Some early books on logic (such as "Symbolic Logic" by C. I. Lewis and Langford, 1932) used the term for any proposition (in any formal logic) that is universally valid. It is common in presentations after | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,257 | Tautology (logic) this (such as Stephen Kleene 1967 and Herbert Enderton 2002) to use "tautology" to refer to a logically valid propositional formula, but to maintain a distinction between "tautology" and "logically valid" in the context of first-order logic (see below). Propositional logic begins with propositional variables, atomic units that represent concrete propositions. A formula consists of propositional variables connected by logical connectives, built up in such a way that the truth of the overall formula can be deduced from the truth or falsity of each variable. A valuation is a function that assigns each propositional variable either T (for truth) or | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,258 | Tautology (logic) F (for falsity). So, for example, using the propositional variables "A" and "B", the binary connectives formula_4 and formula_5 representing disjunction and conjunction respectively, and the unary connective formula_6 representing negation, the following formula can be obtained::formula_7. A valuation here must assign to each of "A" and "B" either T or F. But no matter how this assignment is made, the overall formula will come out true. For if the first conjunction formula_8 is not satisfied by a particular valuation, then one of "A" and "B" is assigned F, which will cause the corresponding later disjunct to be T. A | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,259 | Tautology (logic) formula of propositional logic is a tautology if the formula itself is always true regardless of which valuation is used for the propositional variables. There are infinitely many tautologies. Examples include: A minimal tautology is a tautology that is not the instance of a shorter tautology. The problem of determining whether a formula is a tautology is fundamental in propositional logic. If there are "n" variables occurring in a formula then there are 2 distinct valuations for the formula. Therefore, the task of determining whether or not the formula is a tautology is a finite, mechanical one: one need only | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,260 | Tautology (logic) evaluate the truth value of the formula under each of its possible valuations. One algorithmic method for verifying that every valuation causes this sentence to be true is to make a truth table that includes every possible valuation. For example, consider the formula There are 8 possible valuations for the propositional variables "A", "B", "C", represented by the first three columns of the following table. The remaining columns show the truth of subformulas of the formula above, culminating in a column showing the truth value of the original formula under each valuation. Because each row of the final column shows | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,261 | Tautology (logic) "T", the sentence in question is verified to be a tautology. It is also possible to define a deductive system (proof system) for propositional logic, as a simpler variant of the deductive systems employed for first-order logic (see Kleene 1967, Sec 1.9 for one such system). A proof of a tautology in an appropriate deduction system may be much shorter than a complete truth table (a formula with "n" propositional variables requires a truth table with 2 lines, which quickly becomes infeasible as "n" increases). Proof systems are also required for the study of intuitionistic propositional logic, in which the | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,262 | Tautology (logic) method of truth tables cannot be employed because the law of the excluded middle is not assumed. A formula "R" is said to tautologically imply a formula "S" if every valuation that causes "R" to be true also causes "S" to be true. This situation is denoted formula_19. It is equivalent to the formula formula_20 being a tautology (Kleene 1967 p. 27). For example, let "S" be formula_21. Then "S" is not a tautology, because any valuation that makes "A" false will make "S" false. But any valuation that makes "A" true will make "S" true, because formula_22 is a | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,263 | Tautology (logic) tautology. Let "R" be the formula formula_23. Then formula_19, because any valuation satisfying "R" makes "A" true and thus makes "S" true. It follows from the definition that if a formula "R" is a contradiction then "R" tautologically implies every formula, because there is no truth valuation that causes "R" to be true and so the definition of tautological implication is trivially satisfied. Similarly, if "S" is a tautology then "S" is tautologically implied by every formula. There is a general procedure, the substitution rule, that allows additional tautologies to be constructed from a given tautology (Kleene 1967 sec. 3). | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,264 | Tautology (logic) Suppose that "S" is a tautology and for each propositional variable "A" in "S" a fixed sentence "S" is chosen. Then the sentence obtained by replacing each variable "A" in "S" with the corresponding sentence "S" is also a tautology. For example, let "S" be the tautology Let "S" be formula_26 and let "S" be formula_27. It follows from the substitution rule that the sentence is a tautology, too. In turn, a tautology may be substituted for the truth value "true". An axiomatic system is complete if every tautology is a theorem (derivable from axioms). An axiomatic system is sound | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,265 | Tautology (logic) if every theorem is a tautology. The problem of constructing practical algorithms to determine whether sentences with large numbers of propositional variables are tautologies is an area of contemporary research in the area of automated theorem proving. The method of truth tables illustrated above is provably correct – the truth table for a tautology will end in a column with only "T", while the truth table for a sentence that is not a tautology will contain a row whose final column is "F", and the valuation corresponding to that row is a valuation that does not satisfy the sentence being | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,266 | Tautology (logic) tested. This method for verifying tautologies is an effective procedure, which means that given unlimited computational resources it can always be used to mechanistically determine whether a sentence is a tautology. This means, in particular, the set of tautologies over a fixed finite or countable alphabet is a decidable set. As an efficient procedure, however, truth tables are constrained by the fact that the number of valuations that must be checked increases as 2, where "k" is the number of variables in the formula. This exponential growth in the computation length renders the truth table method useless for formulas with | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,267 | Tautology (logic) thousands of propositional variables, as contemporary computing hardware cannot execute the algorithm in a feasible time period. The problem of determining whether there is any valuation that makes a formula true is the Boolean satisfiability problem; the problem of checking tautologies is equivalent to this problem, because verifying that a sentence "S" is a tautology is equivalent to verifying that there is no valuation satisfying formula_29. It is known that the Boolean satisfiability problem is NP complete, and widely believed that there is no polynomial-time algorithm that can perform it. Consequently tautology is co-NP-complete. Current research focuses on finding algorithms | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,268 | Tautology (logic) that perform well on special classes of formulas, or terminate quickly on average even though some inputs may cause them to take much longer. The fundamental definition of a tautology is in the context of propositional logic. The definition can be extended, however, to sentences in first-order logic (see Enderton (2002, p. 114) and Kleene (1967 secs. 17–18)). These sentences may contain quantifiers, unlike sentences of propositional logic. In the context of first-order logic, a distinction is maintained between logical validities, sentences that are true in every model, and tautologies, which are a proper subset of the first-order logical validities. | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,269 | Tautology (logic) In the context of propositional logic, these two terms coincide. A tautology in first-order logic is a sentence that can be obtained by taking a tautology of propositional logic and uniformly replacing each propositional variable by a first-order formula (one formula per propositional variable). For example, because formula_30 is a tautology of propositional logic, formula_31 is a tautology in first order logic. Similarly, in a first-order language with a unary relation symbols "R","S","T", the following sentence is a tautology: It is obtained by replacing formula_33 with formula_34, formula_35 with formula_36, and formula_37 with formula_38 in the propositional tautology formula_39. Not | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,270 | Tautology (logic) all logical validities are tautologies in first-order logic. For example, the sentence is true in any first-order interpretation, but it corresponds to the propositional sentence formula_41 which is not a tautology of propositional logic. In natural languages, some apparent tautologies may have non-tautological meanings in practice. In English, "it is what it is" is used to mean 'there is no way of changing it'. In Tamil, "vantaalum varuvaan" literally means 'if he comes, he will come', but really means 'he just may come'. Tautology (logic) In logic, a tautology (from the Greek word ταυτολογία) is a formula or assertion that | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,271 | Ulrum Ulrum Ulrum () is a small village in the Dutch province of Groningen. It is located in the municipality of De Marne. The first time the town was named was as "Uluringhem" in the 11th century. Ulrum is sited on two mounds. On the eastern one stands the Romano-Gothic church of Ulrum (built at the end of the 12th century), on the western mound stood the Asingaborg. Ulrum was once a thriving village with many tradesmen and small businesses. Now only agricultural activity remains. Ulrum was a separate municipality until 1990, when it merged with Eenrum, Kloosterburen, and Leens. The | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,272 | Ulrum new municipality was called Ulrum at first, but was renamed to De Marne in 1992. Ulrum Ulrum () is a small village in the Dutch province of Groningen. It is located in the municipality of De Marne. The first time the town was named was as "Uluringhem" in the 11th century. Ulrum is sited on two mounds. On the eastern one stands the Romano-Gothic church of Ulrum (built at the end of the 12th century), on the western mound stood the Asingaborg. Ulrum was once a thriving village with many tradesmen and small businesses. Now only agricultural activity remains. Ulrum | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,273 | LTX LTX Xcerra Corporation (formerly LTX-Credence Corporation) is a semiconductor Automatic Test Equipment (ATE) vendor, founded in 1976 and headquartered in Norwood, MA (Greater Boston area). The focus of the company is the design and development of ATE for the semiconductor marketplace, but it distinguished itself in the early days as a provider of functional and parametric testers for discrete component RF products. Today, LTX offers test platforms capable of testing mixed signal (analog & digital) devices. LTX was founded by Graham Miller, Roger Blethen, et al. All of the founders left nearby competitor, Teradyne. Although never verified, corporate lore holds | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,274 | LTX that the name LTX was an abbreviation for the clarion call of its founders: "Leave Teradyne by Christmas (Xmas)" or possibly "Left Teradyne at Christmas." Others believe that LTX stands for "Linear Test eXcellence", "Linear Test eXperts", or is simply an abbreviation of the word "Electronics". On June 22, 2008 LTX signed a merger agreement with one of its principal competitors: Credence Systems Corporation. LTX CEO and President David Tacelli became CEO of merged company. On August 29, 2008 LTX and Credence Systems Corporation completed a merger to form LTX-Credence Corporation. Xcerra Corporation was formed in 2014 following the LTX-Credence | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,275 | LTX acquisition of Everett Charles Technologies (ECT) and Multitest from Dover Corporation in December 2013. Xcerra Corporation is the parent company of four powerful brands that have been supplying innovative products and services to the semiconductor and electronics manufacturing industry for more than 30 years. Xcerra’s four brands are atg-Luther & Maelzer, Everett Charles Technologies, LTX-Credence, and Multitest. Unic Capital Management, an affiliate of Chinese private equity fund Sino IC Capital, announced plans to purchase Xcerra in April 2017 for approximately $580 million. However, in February 2018 Xcerra terminated the deal due to difficulties securing approval from the Committee on Foreign | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,276 | LTX Investment in the U.S., which oversees deals with the potential for national-security concerns. LTX Xcerra Corporation (formerly LTX-Credence Corporation) is a semiconductor Automatic Test Equipment (ATE) vendor, founded in 1976 and headquartered in Norwood, MA (Greater Boston area). The focus of the company is the design and development of ATE for the semiconductor marketplace, but it distinguished itself in the early days as a provider of functional and parametric testers for discrete component RF products. Today, LTX offers test platforms capable of testing mixed signal (analog & digital) devices. LTX was founded by Graham Miller, Roger Blethen, et al. All | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,277 | The Theory of Money and Credit The Theory of Money and Credit The Theory of Money and Credit is a 1912 economics book written by Ludwig von Mises, originally published in German as "Theorie des Geldes und der Umlaufsmittel". In it Mises expounds on his theory of the origins of money through his "regression theorem", which is based on logical argumentation, not historic explanations. It is one of the foundational works of the Misean branch of the Austrian School of economic thought. Commodity money exists today. Mises looks at the origin, nature and value of money, and its effect on determining monetary policy. It does not | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,278 | The Theory of Money and Credit concern all adaptations of money. He uses the so-called "regression theorem", a statement backed by a step by step, logical reasoning. Mises explains why money is demanded in its own right. According to Mises, money has historically come about after there has been a demand for the money commodity in a barter economy. Along with Carl Menger's "Principles of Economics", and Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk's "Capital and Interest", the book is among the foundational works of the Austrian School. According to Michael Hendricks, "the regression theorem does a good job of explaining the creation of money, however it does not necessarily | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,279 | The Theory of Money and Credit apply to all forms of money." The Theory of Money and Credit The Theory of Money and Credit is a 1912 economics book written by Ludwig von Mises, originally published in German as "Theorie des Geldes und der Umlaufsmittel". In it Mises expounds on his theory of the origins of money through his "regression theorem", which is based on logical argumentation, not historic explanations. It is one of the foundational works of the Misean branch of the Austrian School of economic thought. Commodity money exists today. Mises looks at the origin, nature and value of money, and its effect on | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,280 | La Llorona (album) La Llorona (album) La Llorona is the debut studio album by Canadian singer Lhasa de Sela, released in 1997 in Canada and 1998 elsewhere. Alejandro Sela, Lhasa's father, received his doctorate on literature of the Spanish conquest of Mexico and taught her of the legend of La Llorona. This is the folktale of the crying woman, resembled the mythological wife of Quetzalcoatl who has lost her children. For Lhasa, La Llorona comes from the omen of conquerors. Lhasa believes that the woman cried when the Spanish arrived in America to warn her native children of the doom that the conquistadors | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,281 | La Llorona (album) would bring to their way of life. La Llorona (album) La Llorona is the debut studio album by Canadian singer Lhasa de Sela, released in 1997 in Canada and 1998 elsewhere. Alejandro Sela, Lhasa's father, received his doctorate on literature of the Spanish conquest of Mexico and taught her of the legend of La Llorona. This is the folktale of the crying woman, resembled the mythological wife of Quetzalcoatl who has lost her children. For Lhasa, La Llorona comes from the omen of conquerors. Lhasa believes that the woman cried when the Spanish arrived in America to warn her native | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,282 | Henri Breuil Henri Breuil Henri Édouard Prosper Breuil (28 February 1877 – 14 August 1961), often referred to as Abbé Breuil, was a French Catholic priest and member of the Society of Jesus, archaeologist, anthropologist, ethnologist and geologist. He is noted for his studies of cave art in the Somme and Dordogne valleys as well as in Spain, Portugal, Italy, Ireland, China with Teilhard de Chardin, Ethiopia, British Somaliland, and especially Southern Africa. Breuil was born at Mortain, Manche, France, and was the son of Albert Breuil, magistrate, and Lucie Morio De L'Isle. He received his education at the Seminary of St. | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,283 | Henri Breuil Sulpice and the Sorbonne and was ordained in 1900 but was given permission to pursue his research interests. He was a man of deep religious faith and learning. In 1904 Breuil had recognised that a pair of 13,000-year-old carvings of reindeer at the British Museum were in fact one composition. He assumed a post as lecturer at the University of Fribourg in 1905, and in 1910 became professor of prehistoric ethnology in Paris and at the Collège de France from 1925. Breuil was a competent draughtsman, faithfully reproducing the cave paintings he encountered. In 1924 he was awarded the Daniel | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,284 | Henri Breuil Giraud Elliot Medal from the National Academy of Sciences. He published many books and monographs, introducing the caves of Lascaux and Altamira to the general public and becoming a member of the Institut de France in 1938. Breuil visited the Peking Man excavations at Zhoukoudian, China in 1931 and confirmed the presence of stone tools at the site. In 1929, when already a recognised authority on North African and European Stone Age art, he attended a congress on prehistory in South Africa. At the invitation of prime minister Jan Smuts he returned there in 1942 and took up a chair | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,285 | Henri Breuil at Witwatersrand University from 1944 to 1951. During his South African stay he studied rock art in Lesotho, the eastern Free State and in the Natal Drakensberg. He undertook three expeditions to South West Africa and Rhodesia between 1947 and 1950. He described this period as "the most thrilling years of my research life". He had excursions to South West Africa and Bechuanaland with a local Archeologist Kosie Marais. In 1953 he announced his discovery of a painting about 6 000 years old, subsequently dubbed "The White Lady", under a rock overhang in the Brandberg Mountain. Breuil returned to France | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,286 | Henri Breuil in 1952 and produced a series of publications sponsored by the South African Government. Breuil's books contain valuable photographs and sketches of the art works at the sites he visited but are marred by official South African racism. Breuil developed elaborate scenarios to attribute "white" authorship to the paintings he studied. For example, he had a theory that the beautiful painting known as "The White Lady of the Brandberg" had been painted by Egyptians (or some other Mediterranean people), who had improbably made their way thousands of miles southwest into the wilds of Namibia, rather than accepting the logical and | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,287 | Henri Breuil fairly obvious fact that the paintings were the product of (and clearly represent the lifestyle of) the Bushmen and other native peoples of Namibia and South Africa. His contributions to European and African archaeology were considerable and recognised by the award of honorary doctorates from no fewer than six universities. He died at L'Isle-Adam, Val-d'Oise, France. Henri Breuil Henri Édouard Prosper Breuil (28 February 1877 – 14 August 1961), often referred to as Abbé Breuil, was a French Catholic priest and member of the Society of Jesus, archaeologist, anthropologist, ethnologist and geologist. He is noted for his studies of cave | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,288 | Trandolapril Trandolapril Trandolapril is an ACE inhibitor used to treat high blood pressure, it may also be used to treat other conditions. It is marketed by Abbott Laboratories under the brand name Mavik. Trandolapril is a prodrug that is de-esterified to trandolaprilat. It is believed to exert its antihypertensive effect through the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system. Trandolapril has a half-life of about 6 hours, and trandolaprilat has a half life of about 10 h. Trandolaprilat has about eight times the activity of its parent drug. About one-third of trandolapril and its metabolites are excreted in the urine, and about two-thirds of trandolapril and | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,289 | Trandolapril its metabolites are excreted in the feces. Serum protein binding of trandolapril is about 80%. Trandolapril acts by competitive inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), a key enzyme in the renin–angiotensin system which plays an important role in regulating blood pressure. Side effects reported for trandolapril include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, dry cough, dizziness or lightheadedness when sitting up or standing, hypotension, or fatigue. Patients also on diuretics may experience an excessive reduction of blood pressure after initiation of therapy with trandolapril. It can reduce potassium loss caused by thiazide diuretics, and increase serum potassium when used alone. Therefore, hyperkalemia | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,290 | Trandolapril is a possible risk. Increased serum lithum levels can occur in patients who are also on lithium. Trandolapril is teratogenic (US: pregnancy category D) and can cause birth defects and even death of the developing fetus. The highest risk to the fetus is during the second and third trimesters. When pregnancy is detected, trandolapril should be discontinued as soon as possible. Trandolapril should not be administered to nursing mothers. Combination therapy with paricalcitol and trandolapril has been found to reduce fibrosis in obstructive uropathy. Trandolapril Trandolapril is an ACE inhibitor used to treat high blood pressure, it may also be | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,291 | The Little Old Lady (from Pasadena) The Little Old Lady (from Pasadena) "The Little Old Lady (from Pasadena)" is a song written by Don Altfeld, Jan Berry and Roger Christian, and recorded by 1960s American pop singers, Jan and Dean. The song reached number three on the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart in 1964 and number one on Canada's RPM chart. The session musicians who played on this record (who were collectively known as The Wrecking Crew) included Leon Russell on piano; Tommy Tedesco, Bill Pitman and Billy Strange on guitar; Ray Pohlman and Jimmy Bond on bass; and Hal Blaine and Earl Palmer on drums. Jan | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,292 | The Little Old Lady (from Pasadena) & Dean reworked the lyrics from "The Little Old Lady (from Pasadena)" in 1967, renaming the track "Tijuana" and releasing it as a single that same year. The lyrics were now drug related. "Tijuana" was finally released on their 2010 album "Carnival of Sound". The song was performed live by The Beach Boys at Sacramento Memorial Auditorium on August 1, 1964 for inclusion on their No.1 album "Beach Boys Concert". The Beach Boys, and particularly Brian Wilson, who co-wrote several of Jan & Dean's biggest surf hits, had supported Jan & Dean in the recording studio to initiate them in | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,293 | The Little Old Lady (from Pasadena) the surf music genre. The origins of "The Little Old Lady (from Pasadena)" stem from a hugely popular Dodge ad campaign in southern California that launched in early 1964. Starring actress Kathryn Minner, the commercials showed the white-haired elderly lady speeding down the street (and sometimes a drag strip) driving a modified Dodge. She would stop, look out the window and say "Put a Dodge in your garage, Hon-ey!". The song soon followed and she enjoyed great popularity until she died in 1969. "The Little Old Lady (from Pasadena)" was a folk archetype in Southern California in the mid-20th Century. | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,294 | The Little Old Lady (from Pasadena) Early in the century, many people, especially couples from the Midwest had moved to the region, in particular to Pasadena. The trend was accelerated by the Dust Bowl, the Great Depression, and World War II. Since men tended to die earlier, Pasadena became known for its high percentage of elderly widows. As political columnist and language expert William Safire has noted, the phrase "little old ladies in tennis shoes" was used in the 1960s to refer to social and political conservatives in Southern California. Part of this lore was that many an elderly man who died in Pasadena would leave | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,295 | The Little Old Lady (from Pasadena) his widow with a powerful car that she rarely, if ever, drove, such as an old Buick Roadmaster, or a vintage 1950s Cadillac, Ford, Packard, Studebaker, DeSoto, or La Salle. Used car salesmen in California, so the story went, would tell prospective buyers that the previous owner of a vehicle was "a little old lady from Pasadena who only drove it to church on Sundays," thus suggesting the car had little wear. This joke became part of the material of some comedians based in Los Angeles (notably Johnny Carson, who often used it on his frequent trips to tape "The | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,296 | The Little Old Lady (from Pasadena) Tonight Show" in L.A. before settling there permanently), and because of television, the phrase "little old lady from Pasadena" became familiar to a national audience. From this premise came the comic song, about a little old lady from Pasadena who had a high-performance "Super Stock" Dodge. These vehicles were produced in low numbers in 1964 for drag racing, and were equipped with a high-output "Max Wedge" engine. The song's twist was that, unlike the subject of the usual story and joke, this little old lady not only drove the hot car, but also was a peerless street racer, "the terror | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,297 | The Little Old Lady (from Pasadena) of Colorado Boulevard," the main route of the Tournament of Roses Parade in Pasadena. The song was one of many California related songs played throughout "Sunshine Plaza" in the original Disney California Adventure. The Dead Kennedys satirized the concept in their own song "Buzzbomb from Pasadena," where an elderly driver likewise terrorizes the city with her driving. In Animaniacs, Slappy Squirrel once takes over the old lady's role in the song. That episode ends with her revealing that she "never took a lesson in her life" and being arrested. The Little Old Lady (from Pasadena) "The Little Old Lady (from | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,298 | Sean Murray (actor) Sean Murray (actor) Sean Harland Murray (born November 15, 1977) is an American actor known for his role as Special Agent Timothy McGee on the American TV drama "NCIS". He also played Thackery Binx in Disney's Halloween film "Hocus Pocus" and Danny Walden in the military drama series "JAG". Murray's mother is Vivienne Bellisario, fourth wife of American television producer and screenwriter Donald P. Bellisario, making him Bellisario's stepson. He has one brother, Chad W. Murray ("" producer), and seven stepsiblings, including "Pretty Little Liars" actress Troian Bellisario and "JAG" actor Michael Bellisario. Murray's TV credits include a starring role | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,299 | Sean Murray (actor) in the UPN sitcom "The Random Years" and a supporting role as teenager Zane Grey Hart in CBS's comedy/western series "Harts of the West", with Beau Bridges as his father and Harley Jane Kozak as his mother. Lloyd Bridges also starred in the series. The program was set on a dude ranch in Nevada. Murray also appeared in several episodes of "JAG" and was later cast as Timothy McGee in the show's spin-off, "NCIS". McGee's sister is played by Troian Bellisario, his real-life stepsister. In addition, Murray has appeared in several feature films including "Hocus Pocus" (1993), his first motion | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,300 | Sean Murray (actor) picture film appearance, in which he played Thackery Binx. While this is one of his most well-known roles, his voice in the film was dubbed by Jason Marsden. His other film appearances include "This Boy's Life"; and in Todd Field's "Too Romantic". Murray married Carrie James on November 26, 2005. They had their first child, a daughter named Caitlyn Melissa, in 2007. The couple's second child, a son named River, was born in Los Angeles in April 2010. Sean Murray (actor) Sean Harland Murray (born November 15, 1977) is an American actor known for his role as Special Agent Timothy | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,301 | Frieze Art Fair Frieze Art Fair Frieze Art Fair is an international contemporary art fair in London and New York. It takes place every October in London's Regent's Park and since 2014, has also been running on New York's Randall's Island. The fair is staged by Amanda Sharp and Matthew Slotover, the publishers of "frieze" magazine. Frieze Art Fair features more than 170 contemporary art galleries, and the fair also includes specially commissioned artists’ projects, a talks programme and an artist-led education schedule. Although staged for the purpose of selling work, the fair has become a cultural entertainment event and out of its | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,302 | Frieze Art Fair 68,000 visitors it has been suggested that 80% attend purely to spectate. The fair also commissions artist projects and holds a programme of talks. Frieze Art Fair released sales figures following the first three fairs. However, Sharp and Slotover came to regard such results to be misleading and inaccurate, as many sales are completed post-fair, and many galleries choose to keep their sales figures private. From 2006 the fair has not released sales figures. In 2008, Deutsche Bank was the main sponsor of Frieze Art Fair for the fifth consecutive year. In 2010, Matthew Slotover, co-founder of the fair, debated | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,303 | Frieze Art Fair whether "art fairs are about money" with Louisa Buck, Matthew Collings, and Jasper Joffe for the motion and against the motion Norman Rosenthal, Richard Wentworth, Matthew Slotover. Joffe claims that his criticisms of Frieze Art Fair led to his work being banned from the fair in 2010. In May 2011, Slotover and Sharp announced the launch of two new art fairs – Frieze New York, and Frieze Masters. Since the mid-2000s, auction houses Christie's, Sotheby's and Phillips have expanded their mid-season contemporary sales that coincided with Frieze London. The fair was on 14 to 17 October. In 2016, David Horvitz | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,304 | Frieze Art Fair hired a pickpocket to place sculptures in the pockets of attendees of the annual Frieze Art Fair. This was part of “Frieze Projects” a program of 6 commissioned interactive activities at the fair. Said Horvitz, “Imagine how much money is concentrated there, among collectors and galleries—and then there’s this person walking around who’s basically a trained thief,” The Frieze Sculpture Park has been curated since 2012 by Clare Lilley of Yorkshire Sculpture Park, with historic pieces joining the contemporary collection. Outset Contemporary Art Fund was founded by Candida Gertler and Yana Peel in 2003 as a philanthropic organisation dedicated to | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,305 | Frieze Art Fair supporting new art. The charitable foundation focuses on bringing private funding from its supporters and trustees to public museums, galleries, and art projects. In 2003, Outset established the world's first acquisitions fund connected to an art fair. This ongoing collaboration with Tate and Frieze proved to be a cornerstone in the foundation's programme of institutional acquisitions. With a fund of over £775,000, 72 works by 45 significant international artists have been collected since 2003. Frieze Art Fair Frieze Art Fair is an international contemporary art fair in London and New York. It takes place every October in London's Regent's Park | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,306 | Edward Winn Edward Winn Edward Winn (February 12, 1937 — June 25, 1995) was a third-party candidate for President of the United States in the 1984 and 1988 presidential elections, representing the Socialist Equality Party (US). In 1984 his running mate varied from state to state, being either Helen Halyard (e.g. in Pennsylvania) or Edward Bergonzi (e.g. in Ohio. In 1988 his running mate again varied, being either Helen Halyard or Barry Porster (e.g. in Iowa). Winn had been a sixteen-year member of the party's Central Committee, and an executive board member of the Transport Workers Union Local 100 and played a | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,307 | Edward Winn leading role in the 1980 New York City transit strike. Edward Winn Edward Winn (February 12, 1937 — June 25, 1995) was a third-party candidate for President of the United States in the 1984 and 1988 presidential elections, representing the Socialist Equality Party (US). In 1984 his running mate varied from state to state, being either Helen Halyard (e.g. in Pennsylvania) or Edward Bergonzi (e.g. in Ohio. In 1988 his running mate again varied, being either Helen Halyard or Barry Porster (e.g. in Iowa). Winn had been a sixteen-year member of the party's Central Committee, and an executive board member | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,308 | Irving Plaza Irving Plaza Irving Plaza (known through sponsorship as Irving Plaza, powered by Klipsch and formerly known as the Fillmore New York at Irving Plaza) is a ballroom-style music venue located within the Union Square neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City. It was featured on the "Complex City Guide" list of "50 Best Concert Venues of America" in 2013. The building was purchased by the Polish Army Veterans of America District 2 in 1948, and turned into a Polish-American community center. Generals and other distinguished Poles graced its stage including, in 1976, the future Pope John Paul II. In 1978, | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,309 | Irving Plaza the hall was converted to a rock music venue by future Peppermint Lounge promoters Tom Goodkind and Frank Roccio, who after a year began to share promotional efforts with a "Club 57" crew headed by Jane Friedman and Louis Tropia. Goodkind and Roccio brought in acts such as the B-52s, Talking Heads, the Ramones and, with Friedman and Tropia, a wealth of British bands, establishing the venue as a premier American location for punk and new wave. The venue was reopened by Chuck Terzella in October 1983, with management by Frank Gallagher and the English DJ Andy Dunkley, presenting reggae | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,310 | Irving Plaza and other ethnic music, plus college rock, proclaiming in their ads "We don't have video". Terzella's club filed for bankruptcy in December 1985, and closed in June 1986. Chris Williamson, who already promoted the punk and hard rock oriented "Rock Hotel" nights at the Ritz, then took over in November 1986. He began programming alternative rock occasionally using the designation "Rock Motel". A New Year's Eve Rock Hotel show with The Dictators turned nasty after the band initiated a food fight and a bouncer lost his cool and beat some patrons. Plans by the Polish Veterans to convert the building | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,311 | Irving Plaza to condos fell through. They had to spend $25,000 on bringing the venue up to firecode before, in April 1987, Chris Williamson re-opened the club, featuring improved sound and lights, with an inaugural multi-night stand of Big Audio Dynamite. Williamson continued putting on shows into 1988—including hosting the popular "Milky Way" hip hop nights—but, as Irving Place gentrified, there was increasing local opposition to the hall. A plan by Williamson to present a play in the winter of 1988 fell through and, in December 1988, it was announced that the club would close and be demolished and turned into condos. | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,312 | Irving Plaza The last show was The Ramones on December 31, 1988. Dee Dee Ramone praised the venue: "It was funky without being a dump." Ron Delsener took on management in the early 1990s. Live Nation, a spinoff of Clear Channel Communications, renovated and reopened Irving Plaza under the name "Fillmore New York At Irving Plaza" on April 11, 2007, reviving the name of the former Fillmore East in Manhattan's East Village, which had been open from 1968 to 1971. However, in May 2010 Live Nation conceded that the new name had not caught on and due to "unrelenting demand" the name | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,313 | Irving Plaza "Irving Plaza" would be restored as from June 23, 2010. A replica of the original marquee has been commissioned. In September 2010, Irving Plaza became the venue for the services of Hillsong Church New York. On February 14, 2015, Paul McCartney played a surprise show announced only that morning on Twitter. On May 25, 2016, 4 people were shot at a T.I. concert before T.I. took the stage. One of the victims died later at a hospital. House Of Blues Notes Irving Plaza Irving Plaza (known through sponsorship as Irving Plaza, powered by Klipsch and formerly known as the Fillmore | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
2,155,314 | Matthew Slotover Matthew Slotover Matthew Slotover (born 1968) is an English publisher and entrepreneur. He is co-publisher of Frieze and co-director of Frieze Art Fair with his business partner Amanda Sharp. Slotover attended St Paul's School, London and then went on to Oxford University. He first became interested in contemporary art after visiting the YBA art exhibition Modern Medicine, in 1990. Slotover's father, Robert Slotover manages classical musicians including the composer Sir Harrison Birtwistle; his mother Jill Slotover is a children's book editor. Matthew's maternal grandfather, Richard Kravitz was an American magazine publisher who introduced "Esquire" and DC Comics to the UK. | wiki_dpr | 2 | 8 |
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