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The most visible change in the Arctic region in recent years has been the rapid decline of the perennial ice cover. The perennial ice is the portion of the sea ice floating on the surface of the ocean that survives the summer (as opposed to seasonal ice, which is the ice around the Arctic basin's periphery that melts during the summer, resulting in what scientists call the annual "Arctic minimum"). This ice that spans multiple years represents the thickest component of the sea ice cover.
This visualization shows the perennial Arctic sea ice from 1979 to 2014. A graph overlay shows the area's size measured in million square kilometers for each year.
Trent L. Schindler (USRA), Lead Animator
Cindy Starr (GST), Animator
Josefino Comiso (NASA/GSFC), Lead Scientist
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How to Draw 3D Shapes with Shading. Home » How to Draw 3D Shapes » with Shading In this lesson we will cover how you can draw 3D shapes with shading.
It is all about pressing the pencil down on the paper with different strength, so that the color is stronger or lighter. If you spread these different values correctly, you get an awesome 3D effect. Shading is time consuming. I needed about 8 Minutes for each of the shapes above. We are going to take a look at three basic geometric figures: The cylinder, the cone and the sphere. How to move the pencil So the goal of shading is to spread different values of color smoothly across the paper, going from dark to light or vice versa. The easiest way to do this is to move the pencil in a zigzag fashion.
Different Pencils What sort of pencil you use is very important here! The mines in pencils have different degrees of hardness.This is indicated with letters on the pencils. 5H: Although I pressed the pencil down violently at the left side, you still only see a very slight darker tone. 0. How to Draw, Draw Step by Step, Draw Anime, Draw People, Learn How to Draw, Drawing Tutorials, Draw Dragons, Draw Tattoos, Draw Cars & More, Free Online! How to Draw Cartoons. Drawing Nature and Landscapes : How to Draw Nature Outdoors with Drawing Lessons Step by Step Techniques for Cartoons.
How to Begin Your Sketch In doing this sketch, doubtless great difficulty will be experienced in getting the drawing at all correct.
Much assistance to this end can be obtained from a slight knowledge of Perspective This will form the subject of the next chapter. Anamorphic 3D Illusion Drawings. The Italian artist Alessandro Diddi questions the point of view and the relevance of the look at things we can have through its anamorphose.
From the point of view that one takes, sketches made in pencil appear to be three dimensional. Some incredible trompe l’oeil to discover in images. Learn to Draw - Graphite Pencil Drawing Tutorial. Work In Progress - Step-by-Step Title: "Inner Beauty" Size: 18" x 14" Medium: Charcoal, Graphite, Carbon on White Paper Step One: If you are unfamiliar with the use of frisket film, here's a video that will explain it for you: Step Two: Next, I blended the charcoal with a piece of felt and added the beginnings of wood grain.
I repeated this several times to build up a solid tone. Step Three: Then, I sprayed the drawing with fixative, Peeled off the frisket and began rendering the subjects. The tape on the right shows what it looking like after I removed the real masking tape. Step Four: I have started adding the holes and lines of the notebook paper. 100 Excellent Art Therapy Exercises for Your Mind, Body, and Soul. January 9th, 2011 Pablo Picasso once said, "Art washes away from the soul the dust of everyday life.
" It's no surprise, then, that many people around the world use art as a means to deal with stress, trauma and unhappiness – or to just find greater peace and meaning in their lives. If you're curious about what art therapy has to offer, you can try out some of these great solo exercises at home to help nurse your mind, body and soul back to health. If you like the experience, you can also seek out professional art therapy treatment in your area. Emotions Deal with emotions like anger and sadness through these helpful exercises.
Draw or paint your emotions. Relaxation Art therapy can be a great way to relax. Drawing the Nose. Update 09-26-2012 – Above is a video version of this tutorial.
For more video tutorials visit Proko.com and subscribe to the newsletter. Foreshortening Tricks. Hi folks! Tutorial Tuesday is going to be a basic one – I’m a bit under the weather currently so this may not be the best post, but I want to give you something that I feel is important in the world of drawing – some pointers on foreshortening. Check this out. Foreshortening is basically an optical illusion created from a compressed looking drawing in perspective. Drawing Eyes. For a video version of this tutorial visit www.proko.com/how-to-draw-eyes-structure This tutorial is a continuation of How to Draw the Head from Any Angle.
The book is 175 full-color pages, lavishly illustrated and contains greatly expanded explanations of the concepts presented in this tutorials, as well and a great deal of additional material on caricaturing other facial features, posture, hands, expression and more, techniques on drawing from live models, doing caricature for freelance illustration and for MAD Magazine. This is a must have book for anyone interested in caricature, cartooning or humorous illustration. You can order it online here. Drawing Caricatures.
This series of “How to Draw Caricatures” tutorials are a just a small taste of a larger and much more in-depth book I wrote called The Mad Art of Caricature!
The book is 175 full-color pages, lavishly illustrated and contains greatly expanded explanations of the concepts presented in these tutorials, as well and a great deal of additional material on caricaturing other facial features, posture, hands, expression and more, techniques on drawing from live models, doing caricature for freelance illustration and for MAD Magazine. This is a must have book for anyone interested in caricature, cartooning or humorous illustration. You can order it online here. Part One: Basic Theory and the Five Shapes. How to Sketch: 10 Steps. Edit Article Learning the BasicsPracticing Sketching Edited by Kajsa.mc, Dvortygirl, KnowItSome, Horses4Ever and 49 others.
Acrylic Painting Techniques for Beginners. How to Paint with Acrylic Paint : How to Paint a Sky Using Acrylics. How to paint a CLOUDY sky tutorial - Jennings644. How to paint a CLOUDY sky tutorial - Jennings644. Art Lesson: How to paint a sky using acrylics. DONE WITH A TOOTHBRUSH. Painting clouds and thunderheads with Jerry Yarnell (29 minute episode)
Secrets in Watercolor with Laurie Humble: The Unifying Wash. Terry's Top Tips for Watercolour Artists with Terry Harrison. How to use watercolours (or watercolors)
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Developing a research question is actually a multistep process. Work through these three steps first, and then you can refine your research question to fit your specific situation.
Your next step is to briefly describe your project, in both broad and specific terms.
Aren't sure what your topic should be? Check out the following journals to see what research is currently being conducted in the field.
Once you have chosen your topic and written your research question, it's time to generate keywords, gather background information, and create some context for what you find.
Consider your analyte and sample carefully to generate keywords for use in your search. What synonyms might be useful? Are there more field-specific terms or phrases you might use?
1. Brainstorm at least 2-3 alternative words or phrases for both your analyte and your sample.
2. Using your keywords, search at least two of the sources provided below for information related to your proposed analyte(s) and/or sample(s).
Not finding what you need? Finding too much? Review the library's Tips & Tricks for Effective Research!
3. Locate three articles that provide information related to your proposed research. For each article, briefly describe the relevant information. Now, review the abstract, title, and subject/keywords listed in each article to see if they contain other keywords you might search. What about the works cited in the article - could those be useful to you?
Remember, research is an iterative process. Each time you find a useful source, you want to review its keywords and citations to see if it leads to other useful sources.
It is important to find a method/procedure from which to base your research. In most cases, this type of information may not be published in the primary literature because the methods are well established. Refer to secondary sources for established procedures (i.e., Method Handbooks, standard methods, or online “application notes”).
Find two different sources (one print resource and one electronic or web resource) for analytical methods related to your proposed research.
Cite these two sources and briefly describe the method, noting the instrumentation and techniques used for the analysis.
Here are a few possible electronic sources. For possible print sources, see the list to the left.
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The Lewis Cass expedition of was a chewp of the western part of Michigan Territory led by Lewis Cassgovernor of the territory. Calhoun authorized Cass to lead a party of scientists, soldiers, Canadian voyageursand Native Americans into the wilderness of western Michigan Territory. The purpose of the expedition was to: . The expedition consisted of 42 men as follows: . The expedition departed Detroit in four large canoes on May 24, It took three days to reach Fort Gratiotlocated near the entrance to Lake Huron.
The commander of the fort, Major Cummings, exchanged five of his sixty soldiers for two from the expedition who had become ill.
On June 6 the expedition reached Michilimackinac where they awaited the arrival of additional supplies. Marie escorted by a twelve-oared barge carrying a military detachment intended to overawe the Native Americans. At Sault Ste. Marie, Cass called a council of the Ojibwa to obtain their permission to establish an Indian agency. The Ojibwa, many of whom were loyal to cheao British, expressed their displeasure with the American proposal.
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One of their chiefs known as "the count", dressed in the uniform of a British officer, raised a British flag near the expedition's camp. Mary's River where Fort Brady was constructed two years later.
The expedition proceeded west along the southern shore of Lake Superior portaging across the Keweenaw Peninsula. Six miles further up the river Cass split his party. Schoolcraft, Doty, and 14 others struck out across country for the American Fur Company's post at Sandy Lake near the Mississippi River, while Cass and the rest of the party continued up the Saint Louis River heading for the same destination.
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Within a few weeks, the current version of Favourite Articles will no longer be available. Schoolcraft was one of the first ethnologists to take an interest in the history, language and customs of the Amerindians. He was also an explorer: it was he who in discovered the marie of the Mississippi. In Octoberhe took Tanner into his indian as an interpreter on the recommendation of Governor Lewis Cass. Presumably, the escort sautl had learned enough English to be a cheap interpreter. Ste was agreed that in the spring, Tanner would be stationed as an interpreter at the La Pointe post.
He had so sault looked on the dark side of human nature that indina seldom or never smiled. He considered everybody an enemy. But it was not long at all before the strong personalities of Schoolcraft and Tanner clashed, and relations between the two men deteriorated.
General upper peninsula history | nmu center for u.p. studies
Shortly after hiring Tanner, Schoolcraft saw his budget cut by government authorities. To keep his employment in the Sault, Esorts cheap Schoolcraft an offer whereby he would work an hour a day in exchange for his rations. Ste accepted the arrangement, and throughoutTanner proved invaluable to him. Schoolcraft was sault on a grammar of Saulteaux and indian his knowledge of this language, and he was also interested in Indian escort and natural sciences, all very familiar to Tanner.
In his free time, he helped Dr. ❶Here the resident Indian agent, Major Lawrence Taliaferro called together the local Sioux for a ceremony of peace with the Ojibwa accompanying the Cass expedition. It is conceivable, given his suicide attempt in a marie of severe depression.
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The settlement was divided over the matter. The transformation was so complete that, although he was born white, he acquired all the stereotypes associated with Aboriginal peoples, so that he had no hope of ever leading a normal life in his native land.
Schoolcraft was working on a grammar of Saulteaux and developing his knowledge of this language, and indin was also interested in Indian mythology and natural sciences, all very familiar to Tanner. At the centre of a power struggle As the parties vied for his interpretation services, Tanner found himself in the middle of a conflict. But as luck would have it, he had to practise his dream profession of cheapp against the backdrop of a struggle for religious influence.
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Marie refused to accept this white Indian as their equal but instead ostracized him and, in so doing, aggravated his identity and self-esteem issues. The expedition consisted of 42 men as follows: . Calhoun authorized Cass to lead a party of scientists, soldiers, Canadian voyageursand Native Americans into the wilderness of western Michigan Territory. The overland party lost the trail and struggled through swamps and knee-deep mud, yet arrived at Sandy Lake two days ahead of Cass's group.
The Lewis Cass expedition of was a survey of the western part of Michigan Territory led by Lewis Cassgovernor of the territory. Views Read Edit View history.|Be ready to do this indian or don't waste my time I've run this chep a few maries in the past with mixed results. Please make our next meet and very friendly event and free.
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Get to know our staff and group escorts. Katrina is a Toronto native who studied English Literature at the University of Toronto Born in Sault Ste Marie, David.
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At Sault Ste. Marie, Cass called a council of the Ojibwa to obtain their permission to establish an Indian agency. The Ojibwa, many of whom were loyal to the. John Pierce of the Fort Mackinac Garrison. The additional military escort was a precaution taken because the Indians at Sault Ste. Marie were reported to be.
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The linkage between brain functions and intestinal functions has frequently surfaced as a popular topic in the wellness industry. In the past 10 years, numerous research initiatives were undertaken to investigate the Gut-Brain Axis. So, let’s talk through some of the research findings.
The National Library of Medicine published results of a study showing that 95% of 5-HT receptors (5-hydroxytryptamine receptors), or serotonin receptors, are produced in the gut; Since serotonin regulates your mood, researchers recognized that mood and cognitive functions are related to the digestive tract. Capitalizing on this discovery, researchers looked more deeply into the enteric nervous system, a quasi-autonomous part of the nervous system which supports digestion and the GI tract.
What can we learn from this? Since these mood-regulating neurotransmitters are found in the gut, researchers concluded that there must be a biological connection between the gut and brain. Ultimately, researchers discovered a connection between the enteric nervous system, found in the gut, and the central nervous system, present in the brain. These two nervous systems are connected by the vagus nerve, a main nerve of humans' parasympathetic nervous system. Thus, the vagus nerve is responsible for the GUT-BRAIN AXIS: the constant communication between the enteric nervous system and the central nervous system.
Through researchers' in-depth study of the gut, it was found that there are more mood-related neurotransmitters in the gut than just precursors to serotonin; both dopamine and Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) are stored in the gut. Dopamine and GABA both largely impact human emotion, anxiety, happiness, and mood regulation!
Ultimately, the bidirectional communication between our gut and brain is extremely useful to understanding how our gut regulates the production of neurotransmitters and body functions.
Critical to the gut-brain axis is the acknowledgment that the gut, also known as the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, is responsible for digestion. Since the gut is connected to the brain, we can learn how stress negatively affects our gut. Stress and depression inhibits the vagus nerve, thereby altering the gut-brain connection. Ultimately, this weakens the gut’s function, leading to increased motility, slower digestion, and can also cause the gut to favor the growth of harmful bacterias.
The gut microbiome, home to a collection of microbes like bacteria, is just one of the many factors that can influence the gut-brain axis. Mental distress reshapes the gut bacteria's composition, in turn, causing the gut bacteria to release these harmful toxins and neurohormones that impact overall human functioning. So, how can we improve our gut-brain axis?
Reports show that the following practices help support optimal gut-brain function:
We once thought the GI tract was a single organ that solely functioned to support digestion. Now, we know that present in the gut are neurochemicals that impact human food and functioning. Ultimately, we’ve learned that the vagus nerve serves to connect the enteric nervous system and central nervous system. We also now know how mental distress impacts our gut and GI tract, and how to aid optimal functioning- I suggest working on these research-proven techniques to support your gut-brain axis.
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Not every bump indicates cancer. Many are benign in nature and include cysts, stye, chalazion, hemangioma, and other lesions. With any growth, however, it is important to have it diagnosed by a physician at its earliest appearance. Below are the most common bumps and lesions that we treat.
A Chalazion is typically seen as a small lump near the edge of an eyelid. It is an enlargement of an oil-producing gland in the eyelid called the meibomian gland. It forms when the gland is clogged with oil secretions. A chalazion is not caused by an infection from bacteria and it is not cancerous. Sometimes, a chalazion may become red, swollen and tender. A larger chalazion may also cause blurred vision by distorting the shape of the eye. Occasionally, a chalazion can cause the entire eyelid to swell suddenly. A chalazion that recurs in the same place, especially after removal, may suggest a more serious problem that a biopsy can rule out.
A Stye is a red, sore lump near the edge of the eyelid caused by an infected eyelash follicle. It is often confused with a chalazion, which also appears as a lump on the eyelid. A style typically does not grow to the size of a chalazion.
A Hemangioma is an abnormally dense collection of dilated small blood vessels (capillaries). A Hemangioma can occur anywhere on the body. Typically, it is a visibly red skin lesion that may be in the top skin layers (capillary hemangioma), deeper in the skin (cavernous hemangioma), or a mixture of both. Hemangiomas are present at birth, or appear shortly after birth. An Hemangioma of the eyelid is of particular concern as it may interfere with the development of normal vision and must be treated in the first few months of life. Surgical removal may be the best option.
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Dna And Dn A Structure That Was Made If Two Chains Of Nucleotides
a) A structure that was made if two chains of nucleotides, each in a helix, with each chain running parallel to each other. Also proved that the nucleotide bases could pair up in only one way based on Chargaff’s rule.
b) Franklin’s x-ray diffraction photographs showed that the wet form of DNA likely had a double helix. Wilkins showed Watson Franklin’s results and at the time Watson and Crick were experimenting with many potential models of having 1,2 or even 2 strands. As soon as Watson saw the double helix, he knew the double strand model was correct.
DNA contains phosphorus but very little sulfur and protein contains sulfur but very little phosphorus. Hershey and Chase injected bacteriophages in an organism. When the bacteriophage was injected with sulfur it didn’t show the genetic material as a protein, but when injected with phosphorus the bacteriophage obtained a radioactive reaction. The primary factor is that DNA contains no sulfur and proteins contain no phosphorus. thus, since the bacteriophage is just made of a protein capsid and DNA enclosed on, can label either as phosphorus or sulfur with their radioactive isotopes and perform the experiment that differentiates DNA from proteins as the carrier of genetic information.
30. Method 1
1. Used detergent to break down membranes
2. Used pineapple to break up protein
3. Used alcohol to precipitate the DNA Method 2
1. Put bag of mashed strawberries in hot water bath for 10-15 mins
2. Transfer bag of…
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The Story Of Esther Video On Interactive DVD
". . .for such a time as this." ‰ÛÒ Esther 4:14 (NIV)All intrigue, danger and excitement of life in the royal palace ofancient Persia comes alive in this dramatic and inspiring story of thefaithfulness of Esther. The book of Esther is an epic adventure about a young Jewish orphan who rises from peasant to Queen of Persia, only to face the annihilation of her people. She appears in the Bible as a woman of deep faith, courage and patriotism, ultimately willing to risk her life for her adoptive father, Mordecai, and for the Jewish people.Learn about the excitement, danger, and intrigue of life in the royal palace, as ancient Persia comes alive in this dramatic and inspiring Old Testament story!Did You Know? Esther was an orphan who was raised by her cousin, Mordecai Studies on the book of Esther confirm that Hadassah was Esther‰۪s original name The name Esther means "star" (Esther was most likely given that name because she was as beautiful as the Evening Star)Main Characters:Mordecai, Esther, King Xerxes, Haman, & HegaiScriptural References:Esther 1:1-19, Esther 2:2-19, Esther 4:1-16, Esther 5:1-4, Esther 7:3-10, & Esther 8:2Overall Theme:God chooses a young woman, the kind and beautiful Esther, to save His people from destruction.åÊ Queen Esther, however, has to risk her life to do God‰۪s will.åÊ Esther‰۪s courage and wisdom are rewarded by God as tragedy turns to triumph and celebration for God‰۪s people.Summary:Mordecai, a Hebrew, is the gatekeeper at the palace of a great Babylonian king.åÊ A woman brings him an orphaned infant girl named Esther.åÊ Mordecai raises her as his own daughter, devoutly praying that God care for her.åÊ Years pass, and Esther grows into a kind and beautiful young woman.åÊ King Xerxes has ascended to the Babylonian throne, with the evil Haman as his principal adviser.åÊ Xerxes has banished his wife, and sends for all of the young women in the kingdom so that he may choose a new wife.At first Mordecai is reluctant to send Esther to Xerxes.åÊ But God has chosen Esther for great things, so Mordecai prepares Esther for her meeting with the King.åÊ He warns her never to reveal that she is a Jew.Xerxes finds Esther beautiful, and makes her his Queen.åÊ Over time, Esther helps King Xerxes to understand that in order to be a great king, he must be kind and generous.åÊ But evil is at work in Haman, who declares that everyone in the kingdom must bow down before him.Mordecai refuses, declaring that as a Jew he will bow to no one except his God.åÊ This enrages Haman, who vows to destroy all the Jews.åÊ He goes to Xerxes and falsely claims there is a plot among the Jews to overthrow the kingdom.åÊ Mordecai overhears Xerxes give Haman permission to hang all the Jews.Mordecai asks Esther to intervene.åÊ Queen Esther asks all of the Jews to fast for three days, knowing that her confrontation with the King and Haman will result in her death.åÊ The brave Esther declares to the King that she is a Jew.åÊ She tells him the Jews wish the King no harm,åÊ only want to worship their God in peace.Haman demands her instant death but Xerxes, filled with Esther‰۪s goodness and God‰۪s love, believes her.åÊ Instead, Haman is executed on the gallows that he had erected for the Jews.åÊ King Xerxes embraces Esther with love and gratitude, and rewards the good Mordecai by making him his second in command.Background:Strengthened by God, Esther and Mordecai lived during a time of great despair.åÊ Haman discovered that God‰۪s plans will not be thwarted by man‰۪s schemes.åÊ God had promised the Jews they would be a great nation and brought deliverance through Esther.Esther reminds us also that God is faithful to His promises; His plans will never be derailed by our circumstances.BONUS Resource & Activity BooksEach interactive DVD includes a 48-page Resource & Activity Book full of skill-developing activities, word games, puzzles, coloring pages, and more! Provides hours of fun and learning for the entire family! The special ‰ÛÏCertificate of Achievement‰ located in the back of the book serves as an excellent award your child can display after completing the activities.DVD Chapter Index: Mordecai Receives Baby Esther Haman is Made Second in Command of the Kingdom Esther's Purpose is Realized Esther Prepares to Meet the King Esther Becomes Queen Esther's Kindness Haman's Plan to Kill the Hebrews Esther's Plan to Save the Jews The King Learns of Esther‰۪s People The King's Heart is Softened Toward the Jews CreditsPrinciples and Values Taught in This VideoCourage, Faith, Fasting, Honoring Parents, Loyalty, and Obedience.
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The Canadian Medical Association concluded that the national costs of air pollution will amount conservatively to $257B between 2008 and 2031.Transportation makes up a whopping 40% of the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Waterloo Region. Automobiles also emit particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and volatile organic compounds, which all contribute to smog in cities and impact our health. We need to start thinking of more alternatives – start thinking electric.Electric Vehicles (EVs) emit zero (that’s right, ZERO!) GHG emissions on-site. In fact, since 86% of Ontario’s electricity is generated from low-emission sources, making the electricity to drive an EV emits only about 10% of what is released by a traditional internal combustion engine (ICE) car. As we continue to choose more environmentally friendly electricity generation options, emissions from EVs can lower even further.Beyond the health and environmental benefits of using EVs, there is something in it for the owner too:
- EVs cost about 1/8th of the amount per km you drive, putting more money in your pocket each month (and keeping you from the increasing prices at the pump).
- EVs provide optimal performance. EVs produce maximum torque and smooth acceleration from a full stop, transferring 75% of the power generated directly to the wheels compared to 20% for ICE vehicles.
- No more oil changes! The simplicity of an electric system results in much less maintenance for the owner. EVs require less frequent brake changes due to regenerative braking technology and have no fluids (other than windshield washer).
With all of these benefits, there remain many challenges to the adoption of EVs, namely their high price tag, availability of public charging infrastructure, and the lack of public exposure. In 2012 only 5% of Ontarians had driven or even seen an electric vehicle. Overcoming these challenges will be the first steps toward WWF Canada’s goal of putting 600,000 EVs on Canadian roads by 2020, and our local target of 1,000 in Waterloo Region. The good news is that we’re getting there. To date, Waterloo Region has 13 public charging stations and 95 EVs on the road (leaps and bounds from where we were in 2010). Thanks to WWF funding, we have been able to support the installation of a new charging station in Kitchener at the Charles and Benton Parking Structure, and Waterloo Region citizens have enjoyed the opportunity to learn about and test drive different EVs at UpTown Waterloo’s OpenStreets event this past weekend.
During National Electric Drive Week, we encourage you to take some time to learn more about EVs. Join ChargeWR’s Facebook group , follow us on Twitter, and consider coming out to SWR’s upcoming Plugging-In: The Value of Electric Vehicle Technology event on October 8th. Get charged up and help us lead Waterloo Region toward change!
– Allan, Program Development Manager
Want to talk EVs? Email Allan at [email protected]
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At the core of our English curriculum lies our aim to install a love of reading, writing and discussion, in all children, regardless of background and ability.
We inspire an appreciation of our rich and varied literary heritage and an eagerness to read widely and often. Our English curriculum reflects, and is a celebration of the diversity of our school community through our choice of books, authors, topics and creative and enrichment opportunities. Our texts are chosen very carefully to ensure that they are challenging, engaging and inspirational. We nurture a culture where children take pride in their writing, can write clearly, imaginatively and accurately and adapt their language and style for a range of audiences and purposes. We inspire our children to be confident in the art of speaking and listening and to use discussion to promote pupil voice and communicate, and develop further their ideas and learning across the curriculum.
Our English curriculum is progressive and promotes the academic, social and spiritual development of every child to help them prepare for life as successful and socially responsible citizens in secondary school and beyond.
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The effect of a cline as a barrier to gene flow at closely linked, weakly selected loci is investigated using a continuous diffusion model. It is shown that a linked cline induces a step in the frequency of a neutral allele, which is proportional to the gradient in neutral allele frequency and to the inverse of the recombination rate. A barrier to dispersal or a local region of low abundance has a similar effect (Nagylaki, 1976). The cline will block the flow of neutral alleles over a region of chromosome roughly 2s/t map units long. However, a slightly advantageous allele will be little affected, and must be very tightly linked to be delayed for long.
333 - 339
Barton NH. Gene flow past a cline. Heredity. 1979;43(3):333-339. doi:10.1038/hdy.1979.86
Barton, N. H. (1979). Gene flow past a cline. Heredity, 43(3), 333–339. https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1979.86
Barton, Nicholas H. “Gene Flow Past a Cline.” Heredity 43, no. 3 (1979): 333–39. https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1979.86.
N. H. Barton, “Gene flow past a cline,” Heredity, vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 333–339, 1979.
Barton NH. 1979. Gene flow past a cline. Heredity. 43(3), 333–339.
Barton, Nicholas H. “Gene Flow Past a Cline.” Heredity, vol. 43, no. 3, Nature Publishing Group, 1979, pp. 333–39, doi:10.1038/hdy.1979.86.
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- What is GHP in food industry?
- What are high risk foods?
- What are 5 food safety rules?
- Why is the food important?
- What are the basic principles of food safety?
- How do we keep our food safe?
- Why is good food hygiene important?
- Why is it important to practice food safety?
- What is the most important food safety rule?
- What is good hygiene practices in food industry?
- What is the best way to kill bacteria in food?
- Why are eggs high risk foods?
- What is the golden rule of food safety?
- What are the 4 food safety rules?
- What are the 5 main components of good manufacturing practice?
- What are good hygiene practices?
- Is yogurt a high risk food?
- What is good food practice?
What is GHP in food industry?
GHP GOOD HANDLING PRACTICES.
GHP compliance covers the minimum sanitary and hygiene practices for food processors, such as hotels and restaurants, to ensure that food is safe and suitable for human consumption..
What are high risk foods?
High risk foods share a tendency to spoil as a result of unsuitable storage conditions or improper cooking methods. Meats, fish, gravy, sauces, shellfish, dairy products, pasta and even cooked rice are all examples, and the smallest errors can lead to contamination.
What are 5 food safety rules?
5 Food Safety Rules In The KitchenRule 1: Wash hands between steps. … Rule 2: Sanitize work surfaces. … Rule 3: Use separate cutting boards for raw meats, vegetables and produce, and cooked foods. … Rule 4: Cook foods to safe temperatures. … Rule 5: Keep hot foods hot and cold foods cold. … Related Pages You May Enjoy.
Why is the food important?
A food is something that provides nutrients. Nutrients are substances that provide: energy for activity, growth, and all functions of the body such as breathing, digesting food, and keeping warm; materials for the growth and repair of the body, and for keeping the immune system healthy.
What are the basic principles of food safety?
The five key principles of food safety are:Contamination.Separation.Cooking.Storage.Safe water and raw materials.
How do we keep our food safe?
Keeping Food SafeWash your hands. … Clean surfaces often. … Wash fruits and vegetables. … Separate and don’t cross-contaminate. … Thaw it right. … Cook food thoroughly. … Refrigerate properly. … Know when to throw it out.More items…
Why is good food hygiene important?
Food safety and hygiene is of utmost importance for businesses, as it helps to protect the health of consumers from foodborne illnesses and food poisoning. Food poisoning occurs when food becomes contaminated by bacteria, viruses and other germs, making those who consume the contaminated food very ill.
Why is it important to practice food safety?
Food safety is important as it helps to protect consumer from the risk of food borne illnesses. It also helps to prevent consumers from risks of health –related conditions such as allergy and even death.
What is the most important food safety rule?
Washing your hands before you prepare food is one of the most important rules. Wash your hands in warm soapy water for at least 20 seconds before handling food. Hands can carry many different kinds of bacteria that you can transfer to your food.
What is good hygiene practices in food industry?
Cleaning, maintenance and personal hygiene; these three are most important for preventing cross contamination. There should be adequate facilities for cleaning and disinfecting utensils and equipment. Premises must be maintained and kept thoroughly clean.
What is the best way to kill bacteria in food?
Cross contamination from raw to cooked foods, such as from hands or utensils, can also cause food poisoning. Most foods, especially meat, poultry, fish and eggs, should be cooked thoroughly to kill most types of food poisoning bacteria. In general, food should be cooked to a temperature of at least 75 °C or hotter.
Why are eggs high risk foods?
Eggs, especially raw and lightly cooked eggs have been associated with a large number of food poisoning outbreaks as bacteria can be found on the shell or inside an egg, especially if it is cracked or dirty. Foods that contain raw or just cooked eggs are at higher risk of food contamination and food poisoning.
What is the golden rule of food safety?
Wash hands thoroughly before you start preparing food and after every interruption – especially if you have to change the baby or have been to the toilet. After preparing raw foods such as fish, meat, or poultry, wash again before you start handling other foods.
What are the 4 food safety rules?
Four Steps to Food Safety: Clean, Separate, Cook, Chill.
What are the 5 main components of good manufacturing practice?
To simplify this, GMP helps to ensure the consistent quality and safety of products by focusing attention on five key elements, which are often referred to as the 5 P’s of GMP—people, premises, processes, products and procedures (or paperwork). And if all five are done well, there is a sixth P … profit!
What are good hygiene practices?
Good personal hygiene habits include:washing the body often. … If this happens, a swim or a wash all over the body with a wet sponge or cloth will do.cleaning the teeth at least once a day. … washing the hair with soap or shampoo at least once a week.washing hands with soap after going to the toilet.More items…
Is yogurt a high risk food?
Milk, cheese, cream, yoghurt, and products containing them, such as pies and quiches, are other examples of high-risk foods. Dairy products should be kept refrigerated below 5 degrees Celsius.
What is good food practice?
Good hygiene helps prevent this. Keep raw foods separate from cooked and ready-to-eat food at all times. In particular keep raw meat, fish, poultry and other raw foods away from ready-to-eat foods such as salads, bread and sandwiches. … Wash hands after handling raw foods and before touching other foods and utensils.
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Israel's salvation was through the blood from the Passover lamb. In terrifying contrast was the death of all the Egyptian firstborn. The Exodus is the central event of the Old Testament as the Blood of Christ is in the New.
Your lamb shall be without blemish, a male of the first year: ye shall take it out from the sheep, or from the goats (Ex. 12:5).
A Holy God does not ignore sin. The Egyptians and the Israelites alike were sinners by nature. For all have sinned, and come short of the glory of God (Rom. 3:23). According to God's purpose the death sentence was passed upon all the firstborn in the land of Egypt (Ex. 11:5) where Israelites and Egyptians both dwelt. However, God provided a way of deliverance for the Israelites because of His Covenant with Abraham. But it was surely not by works of their righteousness — they had none. The sentence of death must be executed, but for all who believed in the One True God, a substitute was offered. It's blood was applied as God had directed.
Some might have said: “I have no need for the blood; I'm a descendant of Abraham. Furthermore, I was circumcised on the eighth day and am now recognized as a true Jew. Also, everybody knows I'm a good moral person.” But none of these reasons would have kept the death angel from executing the death sentence upon the firstborn. It was personal faith in God and the sacrificial blood of the lamb that made the difference between life and death. When the angel of God's judgment saw the blood upon the houses of the Israelites, he passed over as promised: When I see the blood, I will pass over you (Ex. 12:13). This was because death had already taken place; the innocent had died in the place of the guilty. Christians are not only to recognize the Passover sacrifice by Christ, but also it is their own responsibility to keep the feast by living a sincere and godly life (12:13-14; I Cor. 5:6-8).
The old life and all that it meant in Egypt was gone. This month shall be unto you the beginning of months: it shall be the first month of the year to you (Ex. 12:2). The same is true for a believer today: Old things are passed away; behold, all things are become new (II Cor. 5:17). All that attracted our attention in the old life — the honors, the riches, the pleasures, the so-called attractions of life — are contrary to spiritual values and cannot bring eternal life. He that believeth not the Son shall not see life (John 3:36).
The lamb was a type of the Lord Jesus Christ, our Passover sacrificed for us: Purge out therefore the old leaven, that ye may be a new lump, as ye are unleavened. For even Christ our Passover is sacrificed for us: Therefore let us keep the feast, not with old leaven, neither with the leaven of malice and wickedness; but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth (I Cor. 5:7-8).
Thought for Today:
“Are you washed in the blood, in the soul cleansing blood of the Lamb?”
Through the sacrifice of lambs without blemish. Not one of the lambs' bones was to be broken (Ex. 12:5,46). We were redeemed with the precious blood of Christ, as of a lamb without blemish and without spot (I Pet. 1:19). It was foretold of Christ: He keepeth all His bones: not one of them is broken (Ps. 34:20; John 19:36).
11:2 borrow, ask, accept; 12:9 sodden, boiled; purtenance thereof, inner organs of an animal; 12:11 loins girded, dressed for a journey; 13:2 Sanctify, Dedicate, Set apart; 13:12 matrix, womb; 13:18 harnessed, armed, equipped.
Pray for Staff • Clarence Rathbone • Government Officials: Secy. Gary F. Locke (Dept. of Commerce) and Atty. General Eric H. Holder (Dept. of Justice) • Country: Nicaragua (5 million) in Central America • Major languages: Spanish and English • Limited religious freedom • 95% Roman Catholic; 5% Protestant • Prayer Suggestion: Ask that the will of God be done in your life (Luke 22:42).
Optional Reading: >Matthew 21
Memory Verse for the Week: >Psalms 100:4
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A computer program designed to help doctors analyze tumors in three dimensions could be a valuable tool for guiding treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma.
Malignant pleural mesothelioma is a virulent cancer that attacks the membrane surrounding the lungs. Because it is highly resistant to conventional treatments, an effective method for evaluating the efficacy of a given treatment is vital. Diagnostic scans that can measure the volume of the tumor over three dimensions are an improvement over measures that only examine two dimensions.
Currently, doctors often use a one- or two-dimensional linear method to examine and measure mesothelioma tumors for treatment response. But a team from the radiology department at the University of Chicago calls that method “insufficient” for mesothelioma and has developed a computerized method for segmenting and measuring tumors by focusing on volumetric analysis that they believe will improve tumor tracking.
To test the method, the researchers used a database of 31 computed tomography (CT) scans from 31 patients with confirmed malignant pleural mesothelioma. They then asked three observers to evaluate five randomly selected sections in each scan outlining and measuring the tumors. The same mesothelioma tumor scans were also outlined and evaluated by a computer. The study found no significant difference between the results. Both methods effectively picked up important subtleties in the scans. However, the computer was able to evaluate the mesothelioma tumor images much more quickly and also made it possible to more easily track the changing volume of a tumor (volumetric measurement) by measuring multiple scans at once.
The study authors write, “This method requires minimal initialization by the user and demonstrated good agreement with manually drawn outlines and area measurement. This method will allow volumetric tracking of tumor progression and may improve the evaluation of novel malignant pleural mesothelioma treatments.”
A similar study in 2010 determined that the volumetric method of tumor evaluation was most effective for determining chemotherapy response in mesothelioma cases because of mesothelioma’s non-spherical growth pattern.
Sensakovic, WF et al, “Computerized segmentation and measurement of malignant pleural mesothelioma”, January, 2011, Medical Physics, pp. 238-44.
Ak, G et al, “Three-dimensional evaluation of chemotherapy response in malignant pleural mesothelioma”, April 2010, European Journal of Radiology, pp 130-135.
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Common layers[ edit ] In a logical multilayered architecture for an information system with an object-oriented designthe following four are the most common: UI layer, view layer, presentation tier in multitier architecture Business layer a. This layer is very general and can be used in several application tiers e. In other words, the other kind of technical services are not always explicitly thought of as part of any particular layer.
A three-tier architecture is a client-server architecture in which the functional process logic, data access, computer data storage and user interface are developed and maintained as independent modules on separate platforms.
Three-tier architecture is a software design pattern and a well-established software architecture. Techopedia explains Three-Tier Architecture Three-tier architecture allows any one of the three tiers to be upgraded or replaced independently.
The user interface is implemented on a desktop PC and uses a standard graphical user interface with different modules running on the application server. The relational database management system on the database server contains the computer data storage logic. The middle tiers are usually multitiered.
The three tiers in a three-tier architecture are: Occupies the top level and displays information related to services available on a website. This tier communicates with other tiers by sending results to the browser and other tiers in the network. Also called the middle tier, logic tier, business logic or logic tier, this tier is pulled from the presentation tier.
It controls application functionality by performing detailed processing. Houses database servers where information is stored and retrieved.
Data in this tier is kept independent of application servers or business logic.I. Medieval Icelandic crime victims would sell the right to pursue a perpetrator to the highest bidder.
18th century English justice replaced fines with criminals bribing prosecutors to drop cases. FREE COURSE THE WORLD, THE JEWS AND THE SCIENCE OF HUMAN SURVIVAL Anti-Semitism, division, separation, violent conflicts and a general breakdown of the institutions of human society.
Two and three tier architecture gives a model application for developers to create a flexible and reusable application.
The application is broken up into tiers and this allows the developer to just modify or create a layer instead of having to re-write the whole application again. Examining The Types Of Transaction Processing System Information Technology Essay. Print Reference this. Published: 23rd March, A two-tier architecture is one that is familiar to many of today's computer users.
Three-Tier Client-Server Architecture. Ah, but super-human AI is not the only way Moloch can bring our demise. How many such dangers can your global monarch identify in time? EMs, nanotechnology, memetic contamination, and all the other unknown ways we’re running to the bottom.
America’s first research university, Johns Hopkins offers one of the country’s widest selections of online programs, including more than 75 bachelor’s, master’s, and .
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Modern scholars regularly use the term epyllion, or ‘little epic’, to describe a brief narrative poem written in hexameters. Such poems usually treat mythological themes. They often show a preference for lesser known myths, and treat these myths in a humorous or light-hearted way. Other features of some epyllia are interpolations in the story, which may take the form of internal narrators or extended descriptions.
In this module, we will study a range of texts which have been called, or might qualify as epyllia, from Catullus’ carmina docta, the Aristaeus / Nisus and Euryalus episodes in Georgics 4 and Aeneid 9 and some episodes from Ovid’s Metamorphoses to the tale of a mosquito which descended to Hades in the [pseudo-] Virgilian Culex, and the epyllion of Hypsipyle in Statius Thebaid 5. We will analyse which traits these poems may share and how our understanding of these poems can be enriched through studying them collectively. We will also discuss the usefulness of the genre ‘epyllion’, and we will engage with theories of genre more broadly. Throughout our course we will compare epyllia to epic poetry, which is at the summit of the ancient hierarchies of genres. This will allow us to gain a better understanding of the traditions that epyllia follow and the innovations that they bring about.
Students outside the Classics department who want to take this module should be familiar Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey and Virgil’s Aeneid.
Available in 2019-20.
Module convenor: Robert Rohland
An interest in, and some knowledge of, Homer and Virgil are a prerequisite for this course. Details of Latin editions, commentaries, etc. are given on the Syllabus page.
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- What is ascii value of A to Z?
- How do you say hello in binary?
- How do I write my name in binary code?
- What is the ascii value of 2?
- What is difference between Ascii and UTF 8?
- Is UTF 8 and ascii same?
- What comes after Z in Ascii?
- What is the ascii value of 8?
- What is an example of ascii?
- What is the first ascii character?
- Where is ascii still used today?
- Is Unicode better than ascii?
- What ascii 96?
- What is the ascii value of 1?
- Who invented ascii?
- What is the difference between ascii 7 and ascii 8?
- What is included in the Ascii code?
- What is the ascii value of 0 to 9?
- What is the ascii value of 0?
- Why is the ascii table needed?
- Is Unicode A 16 bit code?
- What ascii 32?
- What does ascii mean?
- How many ascii codes are there?
- Why Ascii is a 7 bit code?
- Why did UTF 8 replace the ascii?
What is ascii value of A to Z?
ASCII – Binary Character TableLetterASCII CodeBinaryW08701010111X08801011000Y08901011001Z0900101101022 more rows.
How do you say hello in binary?
What is “hello” in Binary Code? The word “hello” in binary code is: 0110100001100101011011000110110001101111 By dividing this into eight-digit segments it is easier to see the binary byte corresponding to each letter: 01101000 01100101 01101100 01101100 01101111 – you can verify that with the binary translator.
How do I write my name in binary code?
Try your name! Find the 8-bit binary code sequence for each letter of your name, writing it down with a small space between each set of 8 bits. For example, if your name starts with the letter A, your first letter would be 01000001.
What is the ascii value of 2?
Decimal ASCII Chart0NUL481SOH492STX503ETX514EOT5212 more rows•Jan 19, 2006
What is difference between Ascii and UTF 8?
UTF-8 is named for how it uses a minimum of 8 bits (or 1 byte) to store the unicode code-points. Remember that it can still use more bits, but does so only if it needs to. This also means UTF-16 is NO longer backwards compatible with ASCII. Remember ASCII only used 1 byte or 8 bits.
Is UTF 8 and ascii same?
UTF-8 is an encoding, just like ASCII (more on encodings below), which is represented with bytes. The difference is that the UTF-8 encoding can represent every Unicode character, while the ASCII encoding can’t. But they’re both still bytes.
What comes after Z in Ascii?
A Tilde ‘~’ is ASCII code 126. This comes after all the standard English usage characters and would therefore out-sort a ‘Z’ of any case.
What is the ascii value of 8?
562) While keep press “Alt”, on your keyboard type the number “56”, which is the number of the letter or symbol “8” in ASCII table.
What is an example of ascii?
Pronounced ask-ee, ASCII is the acronym for the American Standard Code for Information Interchange. It is a code for representing 128 English characters as numbers, with each letter assigned a number from 0 to 127. For example, the ASCII code for uppercase M is 77. … Executable programs are never stored in ASCII format.
What is the first ascii character?
ASCII control characters (character code 0-31) The first 32 characters in the ASCII-table are unprintable control codes and are used to control peripherals such as printers.
Where is ascii still used today?
ASCII is still used for legacy data, however, various versions of Unicode have largely supplanted ASCII in computer systems today. But the ASCII codes were used in the order-entry computer systems of many traders and brokers for years.
Is Unicode better than ascii?
Unicode uses between 8 and 32 bits per character, so it can represent characters from languages from all around the world. It is commonly used across the internet. As it is larger than ASCII, it might take up more storage space when saving documents.
What ascii 96?
2) While keep press “Alt”, on your keyboard type the number “96”, which is the number of the letter or symbol “`” in ASCII table.
What is the ascii value of 1?
Standard ASCII CharactersDecHexChar4830049311503225133360 more rows
Who invented ascii?
Bob Bemer developed the Ascii coding system to standardise the way computers represent letters, numbers, punctuation marks and some control codes. He also introduced the backslash and escape key to the world of computers and was one of the first to warn about the dangers of the millennium bug.
What is the difference between ascii 7 and ascii 8?
ASCII. ASCII uses 8 bits to represent a character. … This uses up one bit, so ASCII represents 128 characters (the equivalent of 7 bits) with 8 bits rather than 256.
What is included in the Ascii code?
ASCII is a 7-bit code, meaning that 128 characters (27) are defined. The code consists of 33 non-printable and 95 printable characters and includes both letters, punctuation marks, numbers and control characters.
What is the ascii value of 0 to 9?
The ASCII characters are numbered from 0 to 255. The chart below shows their designation in hexadecimal numbers. The ASCII characters are numbered from 00 to FF in hexadecimal. Note that 0 to 9 are the same in both numbering systems.
What is the ascii value of 0?
Here we will see the ASCII NUL, ASCII 0 and the Numeric Literal 0. The ASCII null is represented as 0x00, and zero is represented as 0x30. The ASCII NUL character is used to denote the end of the string in C or C++.
Why is the ascii table needed?
ASCII stands for American Standard Code for Information Exchange. The purpose of ASCII is to create a standard for character-sets used in electronic equipments. The standard ensures that different devices (which might be manufactured by differing companies) can communicate to each other with the same character-code.
Is Unicode A 16 bit code?
The first version of Unicode was a 16-bit encoding, from 1991 to 1995, but starting with Unicode 2.0 (July, 1996), it has not been a 16-bit encoding. The Unicode Standard encodes characters in the range U+0000.. U+10FFFF, which amounts to a 21-bit code space.
What ascii 32?
ASCII code 32 = space ( Space ) ASCII code 33 = ! ( ASCII code 34 = ” ( Double quotes ; Quotation mark ; speech marks ) ASCII code 35 = # ( Number sign ) ASCII code 36 = $ ( Dollar sign )
What does ascii mean?
American Standard Code for Information Interchangenoun Computers. American Standard Code for Information Interchange: a standard code, consisting of 128 7-bit combinations, for characters stored in a computer or to be transmitted between computers.
How many ascii codes are there?
128Originally based on the English alphabet, ASCII encodes 128 specified characters into seven-bit integers as shown by the ASCII chart above. Ninety-five of the encoded characters are printable: these include the digits 0 to 9, lowercase letters a to z, uppercase letters A to Z, and punctuation symbols.
Why Ascii is a 7 bit code?
ASCII a 7-bit are synonymous, since the 8-bit byte is the common storage element, ASCII leaves room for 128 additional characters which are used for foreign languages and other symbols. … This mean that the 8-bit has been converted to a 7-bit characters, which adds extra bytes to encode them.
Why did UTF 8 replace the ascii?
ASCII still exists and is still used, but it’s legitimate to say that UTF-8 has replaced it for the majority of things it used to be used for. … First, ASCII was typically encoded in 8-bit bytes, so the string processing capabilities of most programming languages were designed for 8-bit characters.
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(d) MnemonicMnemonic means something that aids the memory. Mnemonic coding systems use letters and/or numbers as an aid for identifying and remembering something. If you recall, I mentioned earlier that most codes are meaningless by themselves. This is an exception. This is a code that conveys meaning by itself. Abbreviations that we commonly use is an excellent example of using mnemonic codes.
A possible use of Mnemonic Codes used with a chart of accounts would be using codes similar to the following for identifying and assigning the type of accounts.
|Mnemonic Code||Identifies Type Of Account|
|C||Cost Of Goods Sold|
What does the first character of our code tell us ? Hopefully, you said the type of account.
C-Cost Of Goods SoldE-Expenses
What's Next ?
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'Troilus and Criseyde', Geoffrey Chaucer's most substantial completed work, is a long historical romance; its famous tale of love and betrayal in the Trojan War later inspired William Shakespeare. This reader's guide, written specifically for students of medieval literature, provides a scene-by-scene paraphrase and commentary on the whole text. Each section explains matters of meaning, interpretation, plot structure and character development, the role of the first-person narrating voice, Chaucer's use of his source materials and elements of the poem's style. Brief and accessible discussions of key themes and sources (for example the art of love, the holy bond of things, Fortune and Thebes) are provided in separate textboxes. An ideal starting point for studying the text, this book helps students through the initial language barrier and allows readers to enjoy and understand this medieval masterpiece.
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In this course, you will learn how to transcribe the most common medical reports used in both inpatient and outpatient settings. This knowledge will help prepare you to work almost anywhere in the medical field—doctors’ offices, clinics, public health facilities, and hospitals. With this foundation, you will be set to advance your education so you can work as a subcontractor for a company that outsources transcription, or you can eventually even take on your own clients—all from the comfort of your own home.
You will go through each of the nine main report types—their formatting requirements, the components of each one, and how they are used in the clinical setting. Every lesson will include a grammar review, pointing out important elements that will make your reports perfect. You will also gain important clinical knowledge of major disease processes that are essential to enhance your skill as a medical documentation specialist.
Along the way, you will download a free transcriber to listen to dictation and produce reports. These hands-on exercises will give you the practice you will need to determine if this field is for you. You will also go through your current options and in the future by developing the skills of a medical transcriptionist. By the end of this course, you will know the basic report types, have clinical knowledge of major diseases, be able to correct grammar from dictated reports on the fly, and know the next steps you will need to take!
Introduction to Medical Transcription
This first lesson looks at the history of medical transcription as a career. You will find out how the field has evolved into its modern form, and you will explore the various skills and aptitudes that you will need to succeed as a professional medical transcriptionist. You will examine the type of work MTs produce, where you might work, and what might be in store for those working in this career field.
Tools of the Trade
This lesson focuses on the tools of the trade. You will review a few of the reference books and discuss the types of Web sites that MTs use for research. Then you will learn about the hardware and software that today’s MTs use on the job. By the end of this lesson, you will be sitting at your computer, listening to a real medical dictation audio file and looking at the Express Scribe software on your screen. As you listen to the medical report, you will practice starting, pausing, and rewinding the audio as you tap away on the keyboard.
Understanding Medical Records
There are nine report types that medical professionals use most often in both hospitals and clinics. Medical letters aren’t much different from traditional letters, but since you might not have typed a traditional letter in a while, you might need a refresher. You will finish the lesson with some specific tips about pathology reports and how to handle numbers and measurements. Then you will practice transcribing a medical letter and a pathology report.
This lesson goes over how to listen most effectively, discussing the difference between hearing and active listening. You will also touch on many of the issues that keep voice recognition systems from replacing humans, including homonyms, synonyms, and antonyms. You will learn how to use phonetics and vowel sounds (as well as a few other tricks!) to help you figure out a word or phrase in a muddled recording. Next, you will learn about radiology reports and finish up by practicing transcribing one.
Grammar, Sentence Structure, and Punctuation
This lesson covers some subjects that might make you cringe a little: grammar, sentence structure, and punctuation. But this will be a painless, maybe even enjoyable, journey through some of the basic principles of writing that will help you become a better MT. Then, in your Practice Corner, you will learn about SOAP notes and then turn your attention to infectious diseases and medications. You will also have the chance to transcribe a SOAP note and a radiology report in the assignment that accompanies the lesson.
This lesson explores writing and talks about style from the MT’s perspective. When you’re transcribing, you must follow editorial directions in spelling, capitalization, and typographical display. And it’s those directions that are the style MTs need to be concerned about. You may be surprised at how many different ways you can treat a single word. Should it be capitalized or lowercased? Should you abbreviate it, or should you spell it out? Should your numbers be in digit form or word form? Finally, in your Practice Corner, you will focus on the H&P report and practice transcribing one.
Medical Terminology and Spelling
No matter what you transcribe, one thing is a given: Medical terminology will be a huge part of it. One thing to remember is that dictators aren’t perfect. They might say one word when they actually mean another. Or they might say a word that has a sound-alike word, like cystitome and cystotome. If you have a good understanding of medical terminology, you can pinpoint the correct word to make sure your transcription is accurate. Then, in your Practice Corner, you will review the basic nature of heart disease and its treatment.
Report Formatting and Word Processing
A critical component of the MT’s work is the way you put your reports together. This lesson focuses on breaking your reports into sections with headings, subheadings, special line spacing, page breaks, and other formatting niceties. You will also take a closer look at ways to make your work easier with word processing shortcuts, AutoText, macros, and templates. Mastering them will make you a faster and more efficient MT! Today’s Practice Corner focuses on surgical reports. Surgical terminology is important to know, and it’s also fascinating to take an inside look at what goes on in the operating room.
Checking Your Work
Another essential step in transcription is editing and proofreading your work. This lesson starts off with editing do’s and don’ts, as well as what to look for when you’re proofreading. In your Practice Corner, you will be covering a disease process that has, in some way, touched virtually everyone: cancer. Once you have an overview of cancer, you will work on the consultation report. Physicians often ask specialists to further evaluate their patients, especially cancer patients. So, this is a common report that you’re likely to transcribe regularly. The assignment for this lesson includes a consult report to transcribe, and you will also get to practice proofreading.
Classification Systems, and Discharge and Death Summaries
This will be a completely clinical lesson. You will learn about classification systems and their transcription foibles. And now that you have the bones of grammar and style down, you will learn about real bones. Finally, in your Practice Corner, you will learn about discharge and death summaries. They are very similar reports, but this lesson explains the subtle differences.
Infections, Blood, and Cells
This lesson will be similar to the last in that it covers lots of clinical issues. It won’t all be clinical, however. In your Practice Corner, you will see how everything you’ve learned can come together in an autopsy report. This is probably the longest, most comprehensive report you will ever come across. And, of course, you will have the chance to transcribe an autopsy report in the assignment!
The Nuts and Bolts of Working as an MT
transcription. But we still have a couple of big questions to answer. How do you manage your workload? Also, how do you establish yourself as a medical transcriptionist? And do you need more training?
Prerequisites / Requirements
There are no prerequisites for this course. However, it is recommended that students have prior knowledge of medical terminology and touch-typing before enrolling in this course.
- This course can be taken on either a PC or Mac device.
- PC: Windows XP or later.
- Mac: OS X Snow Leopard 10.6 or later.
- Browser: The latest version of Google Chrome or Mozilla Firefox are preferred. Microsoft Edge and Safari are also compatible.
- Adobe Flash Player. Click here to download the Flash Player.
- Adobe Acrobat Reader. Click here to download the Acrobat Reader.
- Email capabilities and access to a personal email account.
- Software must be installed and fully operational before the course begins.
When can I get started?
Instructor-Led: A new session of each course begins each month. Please refer to the session start dates for scheduling.
Self-Paced: You can start this course at any time your schedule permits.
How does it work?
Instructor-Led: Once a session starts, two lessons will be released each week, for the 6 week duration of your course. You will have access to all previously released lessons until the course ends.
Self-Paced: You have three-month access to the course. After enrolling, you can learn and complete the course at your own pace, within the allotted access period.
How long do I have to complete each lesson?
Instructor-Led: The interactive discussion area for each lesson automatically closes 2 weeks after each lesson is released, so you’re encouraged to complete each lesson within two weeks of its release.
Self-Paced: There is no time limit to complete each lesson, other than completing all lessons before your three-month access.
What if I need an extension?
Instructor-Led: The Final Exam will be released on the same day as the last lesson. Once the Final Exam has been released, you will have 2 weeks plus 10 days to complete the Final and finish any remaining lessons in your course. No further extensions can be provided beyond these 10 days.
Self-Paced: Because this course is self-paced, no extensions will be granted after the start of your enrollment.
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Generation in computer terminology is termed as a change in technology of a computer is/that was being used. Basically, the term generation was used to differentiate between different hardware technologies. Nowadays, generation includes both hardware and software, which together make a complete computer system. As the computer system contains both hardware and software.
computer generations are classified into five types depending on their time period and characteristics. In the following table shown below, approximate dates against each generation have been mentioned, which are normally accepted.
Following are the main five generations of computers.
|S.No||Generation & Description|
Computer Fundamentals Related Interview Questions
|Computer Hardware Interview Questions||Microsoft Excel Interview Questions|
|Computer Fundamentals Interview Questions||Computer architecture Interview Questions|
|Computer technician Interview Questions||Computer Basics Interview Questions|
|Computer Operator Interview Questions|
Computer Fundamentals Tutorial
All rights reserved © 2018 Wisdom IT Services India Pvt. Ltd
Wisdomjobs.com is one of the best job search sites in India.
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Today’s Wonder of the Day was inspired by Moose from OR. Moose Wonders, “When will pigs fly?” Thanks for WONDERing with us, Moose!
What do you think of when you hear the phrase “when pigs fly"? Do funny images of pigs with wings fill your mind? This common is used to express the idea that something happening is highly unlikely or even impossible.
For example, if you ask your parents when they're going to buy you a brand new Ferrari, the answer might very well be: “When pigs fly!" You can spend a lot of your time scanning the skies for flying pork, but your chances of seeing a flying pig are about the same as seeing a shiny new red Ferrari in the driveway.
So why pigs? And why flying? Why couldn't people just say, “Never. Not a chance!"?
These phrases convey a sense of humor and allow people to put a positive spin on things without seeming so negative. Instead of simply “no," someone can communicate the same message in a way that makes it sound — technically — possible.
After all, couldn't pigs fly one day? Granted, their weight and lack of wings weigh heavily against their chances of taking flight. Plus, there's the whole question of desire. Do pigs have the urge to fly? Without that internal motivation, the seemingly-impossible will probably never become possible.
No one is certain exactly who developed the phrase “when pigs fly." An old reference to pigs flying appears in Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland. However, scholars believe Carroll may have picked up the phrase from the Scottish, who allegedly had been using the phrase for a couple hundred years.
They may be right. John Withals' 1616 English-Latin dictionary lists the proverb “pigs fly with their tails forward." That similar phrase was apparently used back then as a clever reply to people who made overly-optimistic statements.
There are also those who believe the phrase may have gotten its start in America. Long ago, before the Industrial Revolution, farming was the primary occupation for most Americans. It's not surprising that many common sayings that developed back then had an animal or farm background.
For example, long ago, farmers used to transport pigs for slaughter along rivers on small barges. If it was foggy, people on shore could only see the pigs' heads above the fog. This made them look like they were flying through the clouds. This might have given rise to the popular .
Other countries also use animals in figures of speech to represent the impossible. For example, many countries use the phrase “when cows fly." Other countries, such as France and Spain, use phrases like “when frogs grow hair" or “when hens grow teeth."
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Tulshi is one of the most popular plants in South Asian countries, especially in India. Though they don’t require much care, too much ignorance may damage the plant, or they even die. Seasonal conditions can dictate how you should care for them.
So, why does Tulsi plant die in winter?
A Tulsi plant needs less water in winter than it does in summer. But, too much-wet soil may make them weak. And, gradually, they will die if you don’t take protective steps as early as possible. But if you take care of them before being heavily damaged, you can save them from dying.
Why Does Tulsi Plant Die In Winter?
It is pretty hard for Tulsi to survive in winter conditions as they are mainly annual plants. Their life expectancy is around 1.5 years. Summer is the best time to grow this perennial plant because they love sunlight. They need 6-8 hours of sunlight for proper growth and to stay healthy.
Most of the Tulsi plants are planted before summer. So they will start growing rapidly during the summer season and may become dire for the upcoming winter season.
However, studies found that if you take care of them appropriately, their lifespan may increase. They can even last more than three years with proper care.
Read More – Best Fluorescent Grow Lights
How to Revive a Dying Tulsi Plant?
Most of the time the experts recommend not to revive a dying tulsi plant as the genome sequence of the seeds been corrupted. But if you want to revive a dying tulsi plant, it’s possible.
Step 1 – Check Out The Stem
Before reviving a dying Tulsi plant, make sure it has already died. You can use a pointing object to check out the stem and see whether it is dead or not. There is a chance of reviving your Tulshi plant if the plant’s stem is green.
Step 2 – Check For Dry Seeds
The next step is pretty straightforward. As a first step, check if the plant contains any dried seeds. If so, use them to re-grow your Tulshi plant.
Step 3 – Plant a New One
If you didn’t succeed with the steps mentioned above, you need to go in a different direction. Firstly, clear the dead Tulshi plant from the pot or the ground. Then, plant a new Tulshi plant and take care of them properly every day.
How To Save Tulsi Plant From Dying In Winter?
Do you fear that your Tulshi plant is dying? Wondering how to save them? Then, follow these steps mentioned below to protect them.
Never Forget To Water Your Tulshi Plant
The first rule for saving your Tulshi plant from dying is watering them appropriately and regularly. You should use neither water the plant too much nor too little.
Make sure the soil of the plant is dry before water them again. Hence, if you see the soil is wet, wait until it becomes dry.
Overwatering will decrease the lifespan of the Tulshi plant. Additionally, avoid watering the Tulshi plant too frequently during the rainy or wet season.
Checkout Your Tulshi Plant Surrounding Environment
A Tulshi plant requires around 6-8 hours of full sunlight every day. However, partial sunlight is applicable for them.
But when you want to ensure the best lifespan and proper growth, give them what they necessarily need. For example, providing sufficient sunlight will give them scope to grow more quickly.
On the contrary, you need to take the opposite action to save your Tulshi plants during the winter.
In that case, keep the plant in a safe place where the temperature is warmer than the outside environment. Lower temperatures are excessively harmful to the Tulshi plant. In fact, it may rot them.
Plant The Tulshi Plant In Another Pot
Repotting your Tulshi Plant with new soil may improve the overall growth of the plant and save them from dying.
However, doing this task is a little bit tricky, especially if you planted them from cutting. In such a case, you need to ensure the plant’s root is appropriately taken care of and finally repot them carefully.
If you are not careful while doing the task or damage the plants, the plant may not grow anymore.
Apply Do-it-yourself (DIY) Pesticides For The Tulshi
It is common to experience the attack of pests for Tulshi. Pests like spider mites, bugs, whiteflies, or aphids may attack them anytime. Keeping them in poor conditions will worsen the situation.
But that doesn’t mean you will not take care of them. In fact, you can deal with them with your homemade pesticides.
Making homemade pesticides is simple and almost cost-free. All you need just water and few drops of mild liquid soaps.
Mix the solution and apply it to the plant affected area and the area where they are prone to get attacked.
What Happens If Tulsi Plant Dies?
If you consider a Tulshi from a normal perspective, it dies like other plants. Nothing special!
However, In Hinduism, Tulshi plants are considered holy basil, and Hindus worship these plants. This is because they believe, when its soul dies, it becomes dry, and ultimately the plant also dies.
When the Tulshi plant dies, Hindus are supposed to dispose of the dry leaves of Tulshi in the holy water. Plus, they believe it will bring bad luck if the dry leaves are kept near the house.
What Is The Life Span Of Tulsi Plant?
As there are around 18 types of Tulshi plants globally, their lifespan varies based on their types. But, when you take care of your Tulshi plant appropriately, it can last up to 3-3.5 years.
If you want to make them alive for the maximum possible lifespan, you need to water them regularly, give them proper sunlight, and, most importantly, prevent them from becoming limp.
What Is The Perfect Time For Harvesting Tulsi Plants?
Spring is the best time for harvesting tulsi plant. We all know that Tulshi plants are perennial. So they will come back for several years continuously through their herbs. Start growing the Tulshi plants and wait until it becomes 1 foot tall.
When the plant reaches a one-foot height, trim the growing tips. This practical method works impressively well to boost your yields.
Once you completed the method, wait for 40 days. When 40 days is over(after the germination period), you can harvest the plant. In this way, you can boost the lifespan of your Tulshi plant for several years.
How Long Can A Tulshi Plant Grow?
The average height of a Tulshi plant is around 2-4 feet. In South Asian countries like India, A Tulshi can grow up to 5 feet if they receive a sufficient amount of sunlight every day.
However, if you grow Tulshi plants inside the home, they can be up to 2 feet tall. They love to explore the outside environment and sunlight and grow fast.
Here are some popular Tulshi plants and how much they can grow.
|Tulsi Type||Maximum Height|
|Vana Tulshi||Up to 5 feet|
|Temperate Tulsi||1-2 feet|
|Rama Tulsi||2-4 feet|
|Krishna Tulsi||1-2 feet|
|Amrita Tulsi||Up to 5 feet|
Which Types Of Soil Is The Best For Tulshi Plants?
A well-draining, fertile soil is most suitable for Tulshi plants. If you want to plant the Tulshi plants outside the environment, make sure the soil is dug deeply.
Cow dung or any organic compost is a great choice you can consider to make the soil fertile and healthy. However, don’t forget to checkout that both the compost and soil are free from weeds.
Which Type Of Container Or Pot Should You Use For Tulshi Plants?
It is better to choose a large container so that the plant can grow freely on all sides. Additionally, most Tulshi plants grow quickly within a short time.
However, tulsi plants can be grown in different types of containers. Your Tulshi plant will grow in the size of the container you choose.
Another notable thing is keeping several outsides at the base of the container so that excess water can go out of the container. If you don’t, extra water will make the Tulshi root weak, and ultimately the plant will die.
We recommend “Arcadia Garden Products PL20BG Classic Traditional Plastic Urn” as the pot with a proper drainage system.
So, are you still wondering “why does Tulsi plant die in winter?”
We don’t see any reason for that. Though Tulshi plants don’t last for many years, you can enhance their lifespan with proper care. Aside from having multiple health benefits from the leaves, the plant itself works as an oxygen generator. Thanks for reading!
Read More – Does Tulsi Plant Produce Oxygen In Night-Time?
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Bed Bugs in Wisconsin
Bed bugs are parasitic insects that feed off of blood from their hosts, which are primarily human. Found throughout Wisconsin, bed bugs are nocturnal and secretive insects. Although humans serve as their primary host, bed bugs also feed on mammals and birds. These blood-sucking pests prefer to remain well hidden in cracks and crevices where they are not likely to be disturbed. Bed bugs typically feed at night while their host lay fast asleep, although they will feed during the day if their host is sleeping. The bite from a bed bug is essentially painless, so they are rarely detected at the time of feeding activity.
Bed Bug Habitat
As their name implies, bed bugs are frequently found in mattresses, box springs, and headboards. Bed bugs gain access to people through used furniture and bedding, luggage, or other objects that move from place to place. They are also found in power outlets, wall voids, upholstered furniture, pet beds, baseboards, and more. Bed bugs can be found in homes, hotels, apartment buildings, schools, medical facilities, and other areas frequented by the public. These pests do not have to feed every night and bed bugs can go several days between feedings.
Bed Bug Behaviors, Threats or Dangers
Bed bugs do not spread disease and are not considered dangerous; however, an allergic reaction to several bites may need medical attention. The first sign of a bed bug infestation is typical bites on the skin or the appearance of small brownish dots on sheets or mattresses. Bed bug bites may be undetected on people who have been bitten. Welt-like swelling in a straight line on the skin is a sign of bed bugs. Bed bug control is not a DIY job and if you think you may have an infestation, contact a professional bed bug exterminator.
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3 November 2021, 01:34
‘Lucifer’ heatwaves over summer were ‘impossible’ without human-induced climate change, experts have warned.
Extreme weather took its toll on several countries around the world throughout the summer months, from flash flooding to scorching heatwaves.
Forecasters recorded temperatures close to 1C above the 1991 to 2020 average across Europe, with a new European maximum temperature record set in Sicily.
Temperatures peaked at 48.8C in what was dubbed the ‘Lucifer’ heatwave due to its extremity.
Though it was not confirmed to be connected, climate researcher Professor Peter Stott said “we can be more confident than we’ve ever been” about links between the two.
He added: “The increasing chances of these extreme events continue to rise as long as we continue to emit greenhouse gases.
“The science is clear that the faster we reduce our emissions of greenhouse gases, the more we can avoid the most severe impacts of climate change.”
Scientists analysed data using computer simulations, comparing Earth’s 1C increase with the climate as it would have been without human influence.
They concluded that the spike in temperatures would have been “impossible” without human-induced climate change.
Met Office climate attribution scientist, Dr Nikos Christidis, who led the analysis, said: “This latest attribution study is another example of how climate change is already making our weather extremes more severe.
“Our analysis of the European summer of 2021 shows that what is now a one in three-year event would have been almost impossible without human-induced climate change.”
Along with extreme heat, flooding also hit several European countries in July, including the UK.
At the time, Mayor of London Sadiq Khan warned that the flooding showed “the dangers of climate change are now moving closer to home”.
Germany and Belgium were among other countries hit by flooding during the same period, with at least 153 people dying from the severe conditions, with another 1,000 unaccounted for following the disaster.
German chancellor Angela Merkel described the flooding as “a catastrophe”.
It comes as world leaders have gathered in Glasgow for the COP26 climate summit, in an effort to tackle the ongoing crisis.
Ahead of the event, Prime Minister Boris Johnson labelled it as “a turning point for humanity”, with concerns continuing to grow over the impact of global warming.
On Tuesday, leaders announced pledges to halt deforestation and cut methane emissions, in what US president Joe Biden labelled as “historic progress”.
As part of the previous Paris Agreement, targets were set to stay within 1.5C of pre-industrial temperature levels, with the long-term goal of reaching net zero by 2050.
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The COVID-19 pandemic is caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. To understand and prevent the transmission of this virus, it is important to know how virus-laden droplets and particles produced during breathing, speaking, sneezing, coughing, etc. are transported in air. Insight into these processes can help to inform public health policy, e.g., concerning mask-wearing and social (or rather, physical) distancing. However, the scientific basis for understanding droplet emission used by public health agencies is still based on measurements and simplified models from the 1930s and 1940s.
Sivaramakrishnan Balachandara, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA, and colleagues have developed an improved model for the change of droplet or aerosol concentration over time based on a theoretical analysis of the underlying physical processes. These processes include droplet generation by exhalation, a potential transformation into airborne particles by evaporation, transport through the air by both the exhaled puff of air and by ambient air turbulence, gravitational settling of some droplets, and finally, the inhalation by the receiving host. The model can be used for scenarios such as breathing, talking, sneezing, and coughing under both dry and humid atmospheres, in open or confined conditions, and with different types of masks.
The updated model has implications for protective measures against COVID-19. As an example, when the water in small droplets evaporates, a non-volatile aerosol particle can remain, which might contain the virus and allow transmission over larger distances and for longer times. A small droplet or particle with a diameter of 10 μm, e.g., can take almost 15 minutes to fall to the ground—which could allow for contact with the virus even when distancing rules are observed. The team points out, however, that their theoretical framework makes several simplifying assumptions. It can act as a starting point and could be further improved to allow a reliable prediction of transmission.
- Host-to-host airborne transmission as a multiphase flow problem for science-based social distance guidelines,
S. Balachandar, S. Zaleski, A. Soldati, G. Ahmadi, L. Bourouiba,
Int. J. Multiph. Flow 2020, 132, 103439.
Also of Interest
- Collection: SARS-CoV-2 Virus
What we know about the new coronavirus and COVID-19
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Many of the churches in the West Country were rebuilt from AD 1250 onwards. Previously churches were probably wood or very primitive stone structures. Saxon and Norman stone work was usually solid and simple, robust but not as elegant as the fashions of the thirteenth century dictated. The cathedrals of the period set the trends - delicate windows and decorated doorways. As far as possible parishes, or at least their major benefactors, wished to emulate them.
There was a plentiful supply of granite (moorstone) which was hard, strong and very resistant to weathering. It could be used to build sound churches and towers which would last almost for ever. It was however almost impossible to work finely. It could not be used to make fine window tracery and decorative carvings.
On Roborough Down they found the answer!
The granites of Dartmoor were forced up from below through the rocks of the Devonian and Carboniferous periods about 290 million years ago. They did not break the surface and solidified while still underground. Granite consists mainly of quartz, mica and feldspar. The quality and colour of granite varies with the proportions of quartz, mica and feldspar, the rate of cooling and the amount and type of the absorbed materials. A dyke of rock of exactly the right combination of all these elements occurred on Roborough Down. This rock is called felsite. It is a sort of granite but it has less quartz and more feldspar than the average granite. It has the rare qualities of being easily won from the ground, very resistant to weathering and could be carved into ornate shapes.
Stone was recovered from a row of small quarries and pits on Roborough Down. Our ‘Bring Your Own Picnic’ last June was held in the most easterly of these. The row runs in a westerly direction and there is a further outcrop near Bere Ferrers. The stone has been used in the churches at Tamerton Foliot, Bickleigh, Shaugh Prior, Meavy, Sheepstor, Walkhampton and Buckland Monachorum. It was also used in Buckland Abbey and many of the better houses in the area.
There are no information boards on the site so you must search elsewhere if you need further information.
To ‘find’ this cache, visit the following places:-
a. Go to N 50° 27.993 W 004° 06.077. You will find that you
are in a trough like depression, running across Roborough Down.
This is the felsite quarry and after rain it is often
Photograph yourself, one of your team or your GPS with the quarry/pit in the background.
Estimate the volume of the large stone, at the location, in cubic inches.
Roborough Down is open access land. We all have the right to use and visit all parts of it without seeking anybody’s permission or approval.
b. Go to N 50° 25.635 W 004° 09.190. You will find
yourself by Tamerton Foliot Church. The main structure is limestone
from Plymouth but the window tracery is Roborough stone. When each
of the side aisles was added to the church the old Roborough stone
windows were re-used in the new walls. While you are there, notice
the variations of colour of the stone caused by impurities.
Count the number of glass areas there are in the Eastern window on the South side of the church.
A footpath leads through this churchyard, past the windows concerned. This is public access and there is no need for you to leave the path or enter the church for the purposes of this cache.
c. Go to N 50° 29.445 W
004° 01.827. You will find St Leonards Well at the side of the
road on the outside of the churchyard wall. You do not need to
enter the churchyard. The cover of the well is built of rough hewn
granite blocks but the front is felsite. The felsite front looks as
though it was once part of a large window and this is an example of
good stone being reused.
Work out why the two types of stone have been used.
For the purposes of this cache you do not need to leave the public road.
When recording your find please post a photograph of yourself, one of your team or your GPS with the quarry/pit in the background.
Also, please e-mail us your answers to the following questions:-
a. What properties of felsite endeared it to medieval church
b. How does its composition differ from normal granite?
c. What lies between the outcrops on Roborough Down and Bere Alston?
d. What was the volume, in cubic inches, of the large stone at the first location?
e. How many glass areas were there in the window at Tamerton Foliot?
f. Why and where were the two types of stone used for the well cover at Sheepstor?
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Child Development 2 Year Olds
A 2-year-old child is mostly seen up and running, hopping, playing and bustling around. They are learning many new things like talking, walking, climbing, and even jumping! A 2-year-old is enthusiastic and curious about everything around them. Whether it is people, food, toys or even their bath soap, they just what to hold things, feel and know all that they can. They are learning language, social skills, with their mind thinking a billion things as they move around inquisitively grabbing whatever comes to their attention.
Parenting a 2-year-old is a roller coaster ride. They are very witty and cheerful! A 2-year-old throws tantrums often. They dislike eating few things or even wear certain clothes. They love all the attention and crave for more when they feel insecure. They get clingy and cranky when they need the parent’s love.
A 2-year-old’s behavior is more on the learning edge. They understand the pronouns in the language like “I”, “You” and “me”. They start using words and try to communicate their wants. You will see a child this age say things like ‘water,’ if they need a drink and ‘no’ if they don’t want to do something. Engaging their curiosity with educational toys like audio sensory toys triggers their minds in a fun yet appropriate way.
Playing and learning are both an integral part of a 2-year-old’s development. They can even learn to take care of themselves, mimic their parents’ activities like folding the laundry, combing their hair, exercising, giving a hand in the kitchen, outdoor activities and more! All these activities significantly contribute towards a 2-year-old’s holistic development.
To engage a 2-year-old, intellectual stimulations like educational toys, or interactive books help motivate them to learn and explore. Their sensory thinking is activated with exposure to learning toys or interactive books. Ability to see, hear and feel enhances their learning outcomes. After all, growth is the only constant, wouldn’t you agree?
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Building climate resilient food systems
Food habits are changing, our population is growing, and – owing to human-induced climate change – many of the development gains of the past decades will be hindered.
Without adaptation to climate change in agriculture sectors, it will not be possible to achieve food security for all and eradicate hunger, malnutrition and poverty.
We know the world’s poorest people and countries are particularly hard hit by climate change. Smallholder producers – farmers, herders, fishers, forest-dependent communities, as well as women and indigenous people – are among the most vulnerable, as their subsistence almost entirely relies on natural resources. Lives and livelihoods are at risk if we don’t take action now.
So how do we achieve the goal of Zero Hunger and safeguard livelihoods, all while adapting to the adverse effects of climate change, achieving Nationally Determined Contributions and protecting development gains?
Under current scenarios, it is estimated that we will have to increase food production by a whopping 50 percent to feed the extra 2 billion people that will live on our planet by 2050.
More concerning still, we seem to be backsliding on our goal of ending hunger by 2030, with recent estimates showing that after steadily declining over the past decade, global hunger appears to be on the rise, now affecting more than 1 out of 10 people. The estimated number of undernourished people increased from 777 million in 2015 to 815 million in 2016.
These rising demands seem to clash with goals to reduce greenhouse gasses and build a climate-resilient, zero-emission future. But because they are wholly interconnected, finding better linkages between baseline development, climate drivers and climate change will be a central component in reaching the Paris Agreement’s goals and building a future without hunger.
So how do we address these issues?
To start with, we have a commitment to end hunger, as the vast majority of world leaders agreed to do when adopting the Sustainable Development Goals in 2015.
We also need to build smarter plans for development by making sure that climate change concerns, especially adaptation, are fully integrated into planning, policy and budgeting mechanisms, including in key sectors like agriculture. This is what initiatives like the joint UNDP-FAO Integrating Agriculture in National Adaptation Plans Programme (NAP-Ag) strive to support.
Through these efforts, we can continue to provide assistance in identifying viable and impactful economic options to adapt to the changing climate, tracking adaptation efforts and progress on the ground, and new approaches to obtaining finance to implement climate actions to build resilience in the agriculture sectors, all while ensuring gender equality is being addressed in national efforts.
Through programmes like these, we can improve climate governance and co-operation on the local, regional and global levels. This gives us the power needed to ensure world leaders hold true to their commitments to zero hunger, climate-resilient food production, and the achievement of countries’ commitments under the Paris Agreement.
We should aim for a world where nations are able grow economically, develop socially, feed their children and strengthen their institutions, while maintaining global temperature increase to 2 degrees, or even 1.5 degrees, by harvesting the co-benefits of mitigation and adaptation.
Feeding the world sustainably isn’t going to be easy. But by embracing innovation, empowering local climate actions and connecting the right people, we are confident we can achieve it.
About the authors
Julie Teng is a Climate Change Technical Specialist at UNDP and supports the UNDP-FAO Integrating Agriculture in National Adaptation Plans Programme (NAP-Ag). Julia Wolf is a Natural Resource Officer at FAO and coordinates the NAP-Ag Programme for FAO. Connect with these leading experts on National Adaptation Plans at COP23 in key side events on climate change adaptation.
Learn more about National Adaptation Plans: Building Climate Resilience in Agriculture in the upcoming Massive Open Online Course presented by FAO, UNDP and UNITAR. The MOOC kicks off on 13 November and is free to the public.
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Photo: Stuart Woolf stands near piles of almond tree wood chips that will get spread out on the his ranch. Caroline Champlin
When Stuart Woolf was growing up on his dad’s ranch in Huron, California, he never liked working the tomato harvest.
“I thought, ‘I am never going to do this.’ Everything was kind of wet, hot and stinky,” Woolf said.
These days, though, now as president of the 20,000-acre
ST. HELENA, Calif. — Last September, a wildfire tore through one of Dario Sattui’s Napa Valley wineries, destroying millions of dollars in property and equipment, along with 9,000 cases of wine.
November brought a second disaster: Mr. Sattui realized the precious crop of cabernet grapes that survived the fire had been ruined by the smoke. There would be no 2020 vintage.
A freakishly dry winter led to a third calamity:
Photo: In an aerial view, the San Gabriel River and the exposed lakebed of the San Gabriel Reservoir are seen on June 29, 2021 in the San Gabriel Mountains near Azusa, California. Credit: Mario Tama Getty Images
The western United States is experiencing its worst drought this century, threatening to kill crops, spark wildfires and harm public health as hot and dry conditions are expected to continue this month.
The Iowa Environmental Council is working to improve water quality in Iowa’s lakes, including West Okoboji Lake, shown here. (Photo by Perry Beeman/Iowa Capital Dispatch)
Iowa’s work to clean polluted waterways is so slow it will take as much as 22,000 years to meet some of the goals in the state’s voluntary plan, the Iowa Environmental Council reported.
The nonprofit’s latest review of the state’s Nutrient Reduction Strategy — the
Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration (FMNR) is a low-cost land restoration technique used to combat poverty and hunger amongst poor subsistence farmers by increasing food and timber production and resilience to climate extremes. Started in 1983 in Niger, FMNR is a form of coppicing and pollarding, drawing on traditional practices and sensitive to local variations.
In FMNR systems, farmers protect and manage the growth of trees and shrubs that regenerate
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Microwaving may reduce the formation of harmful compounds in certain foods. One advantage of microwaving is that the food doesn’t heat up nearly as much as it does with other cooking methods, such as frying. Usually, the temperature doesn’t surpass 212°F (100°C) — the boiling point of water.
What are 5 advantages of cooking with a microwave?
(It’s just like rubbing your hands to warm up) By using “FRICTION HEAT”, Microwave Ovens cook food quickly. The advantages are as followed: Speedy Cooking ~ The cooking by microwave oven is faster than that of other conventional cooking methods such as gas or electric range cooking.
What are advantages of using a microwave?
You can directly control cooking time, thus you have much better control over how much power you use. They also don’t retain heat nor do they heat up everything in your kitchen. Microwave ovens use less energy than all conventional ovens or stoves since they directly heat up the water in the food.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of using a microwave oven?
The main advantage of using a microwave oven is that it takes less time to heat food which is suitable for our busy lives. The disadvantage of a microwave oven according to the studies is microwave radiation leakage when the oven gets damaged.
Is microwaving food healthy for you?
Microwave cooking does not reduce the nutritional value of foods any more than conventional cooking. In fact, foods cooked in a microwave oven may keep more of their vitamins and minerals, because microwave ovens can cook more quickly and without adding water.
Do and don’ts using microwave?
Microwaves: Do’s and Don’ts
- DON’T put metal in the microwave. …
- DO check on your food. …
- DO follow the instructions of your microwave meal. …
- DON’T be afraid to let your food bubble up/steam. …
- DO allow for different cooking times. …
- DON’T let it get too dirty. …
- DO take extra caution when thawing meat. …
- DON’T use containers that aren’t microwave-ready.
What are disadvantages of microwaves?
Disadvantages of Microwaves
- Cost of equipment or installation cost is high.
- They are hefty and occupy more space.
- Electromagnetic interference may occur.
- Variations in dielectric properties with temperatures may occur.
- Inherent inefficiency of electric power.
Why is microwave oven harmful?
Microwave energy does not penetrate well in thicker pieces of food, and may produce uneven cooking. This can lead to a health risk if parts of the food are not heated sufficiently to kill potentially dangerous micro-organisms.
Is it safe to eat microwaved food everyday?
High risk foods such as meat, fish and eggs need to be heated to at least 60℃ to be safe. Microwave cooking is unlikely to negatively affect vitamins and other compounds associated with improved health. … Short bursts of heating, such as used in microwave cooking, can retain most of a vegetable’s vitamin C.
Is it better to use microwave or oven?
Because they heat the food from the inside out (rather than outside-in), microwave ovens have a better cooking efficiency (the % of energy that heats food during the cooking cycle) than electric or gas convection ovens. Microwaves also use less electrical power than conventional type electric ovens.
Is microwaving water bad?
Boiling water in the microwave is convenient and safe. The method is best used when heating small quantities of water, as microwaves can distribute heat unevenly. According to current research, no negative health effects are associated with boiling water in the microwave.
Do microwaves destroy nutrients?
There’s nothing about microwaves that damages food more than other cooking methods. In fact, microwaving can actually preserve nutrients. Boiling vegetables tends to leach out the soluble vitamins into the cooking water, and ovens expose food to much longer cooking times and higher temperatures.
Do microwaves kill bacteria?
Here’s the deal, microwaves don’t actually kill bacteria.
But microwaved foods can be cooked unevenly because of irregular shapes or differences in thickness. … Liquids heat up much faster than solid foods. Even turntable-equipped microwave ovens can cook unevenly and leave cold spots where harmful bacteria can survive.
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Hello Year 1,
Hope you’ve enjoyed learning a little bit more about the planets especially Earth. We had fun creating our own planets and thinking about who might live on them and what they looked like.
This week we are going to be busy learning a song and reflecting on a series of Bible stories.
Best wishes and stay safe
school and home learning plans Y1 wk 6 beg. 6.7.20
The Good Samaritan
Lesson 1 Make arrays 2020
Lesson 2 Make doubles 2020
Lesson 3 Make equal groups – sharing 2020
Lesson 4 Make equal groups – grouping 2020
Sum up – maths challenge
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The administrative structure of the government of the Empire of Japan on the eve of the Second World War broadly consisted of the Cabinet, the civil service, local and prefectural governments, the governments-general of Chosen (Korea) and Formosa (Taiwan) and the colonial offices. It underwent several changes during the wartime years, and was entirely reorganized when the Empire of Japan was officially dissolved in 1947.
The Empire of Japan was the historical nation-state and great power that existed from the Meiji Restoration in 1868 to the enactment of the 1947 constitution of modern Japan.
The main organ of the central government was the Cabinet (naikaku), which consisted of the Prime Minister or Premier (naikaku sōri-daijin) and, before 1947, 12 to 14 Ministers of State, each heading a ministry (department). Under each Minister of State were two Vice-Ministers, a Permanent Vice-Minister responsible for administration and a Parliamentary Vice-Minister responsible for representing the ministry in the Diet. Each Parliamentary Vice-Minister was assisted by a Parliamentary Councillor. Each ministry comprised several bureaux, each headed by a director who oversaw several bureau sections. Each section was headed by a section chief.
Several bureaux and officials were directly responsible to the Prime Minister. In 1939, the Prime Minister's Office consisted of the Prime Minister, his Chief Secretary, and the Planning Board and several separate bureaux, each headed by a president or director who reported directly to the Prime Minister:
There were also four separate bureaux for Information, the Tohoku (North-Eastern Districts), Information and Pensions, each headed by a director reporting to the Prime Minister.
As well, the Prime Minister headed numerous committees as necessary.
Headed by the Prime Minister, until 1942 the Cabinet consisted of the following ministries (departments):
In November 1942, the Ministry of the Greater Co-Prosperity Sphere (Daitōa-shō) was formed by merging the earlier Ministry of Overseas Affairs with the East Asia Department and South Pacific Department of the Foreign Ministry and the East Asia Development Board, formed in 1938 as a separate cabinet-level agency. In November 1943, the Ministry of Munitions (Gunju-sho) was formed from the Board of Planning of the Ministry of Commerce and Industry
Responsible for administration of diplomatic affairs and diplomats and the protection of commercial interests and overseas Japanese. Until 1942, structured as follows:
Responsible for shrines, prefectural administration, elections, police, public works, town planning and publication and copyrights. Supervised the police and prefectural governors.
The following were under the direct supervision of the Minister:
Responsible for accounts, payments, receipts of public monies, taxation, bonds, coins, management and sale of negotiable instruments in custody of the government, banking, trusts, mutual loan associations and prefectural and local finances
The following were under the direct supervision of the Minister:
The Japan Meteorological Agency, JMA, is an agency of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. It is charged with gathering and providing results for the public in Japan, that are obtained from data based on daily scientific observation and research into natural phenomena in the fields of meteorology, hydrology, seismology and volcanology, among other related scientific fields. Its headquarters is located in Chiyoda, Tokyo.
The Imperial Household Agency is an agency of the government of Japan in charge of state matters concerning the Imperial Family, and also keeping of the Privy Seal and State Seal of Japan. From around the 8th century AD up to the Second World War, it was named the Imperial Household Ministry.
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs is a cabinet-level ministry of the Japanese government responsible for the country's foreign relations.
The Ministry of Finance is one of the cabinet-level ministries of the Japanese government. The ministry was named the Ōkura-shō (大蔵省) until 2001. The Ministry is headed by the Minister of Finance, who is a member of the Cabinet and is typically chosen from members of the Diet by the Prime Minister.
The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, also known as MEXT, Monka-shō, is one of the ministries of the Japanese government.
The National Police Agency is an agency administered by the National Public Safety Commission of the Cabinet Office of the Cabinet of Japan, and is the central agency of the Japanese police system, and the central coordinating agency of law enforcement in situations of national emergency in Japan.
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs(Ministerstwo Spraw Zagranicznych) is the Polish government department tasked with maintaining Poland's international relations and coordinating its participation in international and regional supra-national political organisations such as the European Union and United Nations. The head of the ministry holds a place in the Council of Ministers.
The Ministry of Defense is a cabinet-level ministry of the Government of Japan charged with preserving the peace and independence of Japan and maintaining national security with the Japan Self-Defense Forces.
The Army Ministry, also known as the Ministry of War, was the cabinet-level ministry in the Empire of Japan charged with the administrative affairs of the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA). It existed from 1872 to 1945.
The Imperial Japanese Navy General Staff was the highest organ within the Imperial Japanese Navy. In charge of planning and operations, it was headed by an Admiral headquartered in Tokyo.
Censorship in the Empire of Japan was a continuation of a long tradition beginning in the feudal period of Japan. Government censorship of the press existed in Japan during the Edo period, as the Tokugawa bakufu was in many ways a police state, which sought to control the spread of information, including Christianity, the influx of Western ideas, pornography and any political writings critical of the shōgun and government.
Tsurumi (鶴見区) ,is one of the 18 ku (wards) of the city of Yokohama in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. As of 2010, the ward had an estimated population of 270,433 and a density of 8,140 persons per km². The total area was 33.23 km².
Ōtemachi (大手町) is a district of Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan. It is located north of Tokyo Station and Marunouchi, east of the Imperial Palace, west of Nihonbashi and south of Kanda. It is the location of the former site of the village of Shibazaki, the most ancient part of Tokyo.
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs is the Dutch Ministry responsible for Foreign relations, Foreign policy, International development, International trade, Diaspora and matters dealing with the European Union, NATO and the Benelux Union. The Ministry was created in 1798 as the Department of Foreign Affairs of the Batavian Republic. In 1876, it became the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The Minister of Foreign Affairs is the head of the Ministry and a member of the Cabinet of the Netherlands. The current Minister is Stef Blok. The Minister for Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation is a Minister without portfolio within the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The current Minister is Sigrid Kaag.
Kudanminami (九段南) is a district of Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan, consisting of 1-chōme to 4-chōme. As of March 1, 2007, its population is 2,431. Its postal code is 102-0074.
Hirakawachō is a district of Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan, consisting of 1-chōme and 2-chōme. As of April 1, 2007, its population is 1,104. Note that Kanda-Hirakawachō, also located in the Chiyoda ward, is a completely different district. Hirakawachō's postal code is 102-0093.
The Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Turkey is the government minister who heads the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and is a member of the Cabinet of Turkey. The minister is responsible for overseeing the international relations of the government, though specific relations involving Turkey's accession negotiations with the European Union are handled by the Ministry of European Union Affairs.
Israeli Prime Minister's Office is the governmental ministration office with the responsibility of coordinating the actions of the work of all governmental ministry offices, on various matters, and serving and assisting the Israeli Prime Minister in his daily work. Among other things, it is responsible for formulating the Israeli cabinet's policy, conducting its cabinet meetings, as well as responsible for the foreign diplomatic relations with countries around the world, and supervising and overseeing the implementation of the Cabinet's policy. In addition, it is in charge of other governmental bodies, which are directly under the Prime Minister responsibilities. Unlike many other countries, the Office of the Prime Minister of Israel does not serve as his residence place as well, and in addition to his daily work office, he resides elsewhere, at the official residence of the prime minister in Beit Aghion.
The government of Japan is a constitutional monarchy in which the power of the Emperor is limited and is relegated primarily to ceremonial duties. As in many other states, the Government is divided into three branches: the Legislative branch, the Executive branch, and the Judicial branch.
Chiyoda is a special ward located in central Tokyo, Japan. It is known as Chiyoda City in English.
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The fight against obesity is becoming a more important issue every year. Increasing obesity cases, especially in developed countries, cause obese generations to occur. As a social problem, obesity wears down millions of people both financially and morally every year. So what are the expert support ways that can be taken on obesity?
Some of the problems that cause obesity are psychological. Especially people who are excluded from society and have problems getting involved in the community are more vulnerable to obesity. Social problems such as agoraphobia cause people to be locked in their homes and not be able to move enough outside. Eating disorders cause people to overeat and perceive food as a “tool” in psychological crises.
Individuals with obesity may be more emotionally sensitive. Especially people who use food as a defense tool as a result of their traumas take insufficient precautions to cope with obesity. These problems that indirectly cause obesity should be examined by expert psychologists and psychological counselors. Therefore, patients need psychological support.
Obesity, the second largest preventable deadly disease in the world, kills more than 1 million people in Europe every year. Especially in 2019, 1.2 million people died from obesity-related diseases. Psychological assistance in coping with obesity enables patients to fight stronger and more effectively.
One of the main causes of obesity is unhealthy diet. Harmful and excessively calorie foods in the diet list push people to obesity. For this reason, dietician help is very important. Gaining the right nutritional habits for both preventing obesity and coping with obesity is only possible with the help of a dietician.
Ready-made programs on the Internet, unfortunately, do not fully benefit you. Because a special diet list should be created for each person. It is not right for patients to get support over the internet. You should definitely seek help from an expert and create an accurate diet list. In this way, a healthy weight can be lost without obesity.
If you are aiming to lose 15-20 kg a month, you should be careful at this point. Because “shock diets” on the internet carry the risk of losing your life. Conscious eating rather than eating is a critical situation in fighting obesity. If you don’t get the minimum macronutrients to lose weight, your immune system can be damaged. Especially if you have a diet list that is insufficient in terms of vitamins, after a while the damages of malnutrition will begin in the body.
If you cannot fight obesity alone, you should seek expert help without hesitation. We explained this in the first two titles and talked about its importance. However, if obesity is at a critical stage for you, it may be a vital situation. Especially people weighing more than 250 kilograms run the risk of dying as a result of the respiratory system not working well enough. If you are in the class that is really called extremely obese, you should apply for surgical intervention as soon as possible. For this, you need to apply to the relevant department of your nearest hospital as soon as possible. In this way, the necessary examinations will be made and an intervention plan will be prepared as soon as possible.
Obesity is not an insoluble disease. Especially nowadays, each patient can effectively fight obesity and get rid of this disease. All you have to do is be patient and know that a long process is ahead of you. If you realize this and become determined, you can fight obesity and overcome obesity.
What are Obesity Symptoms and Treatment?
©2023 Prof. Dr. Cemal Kara. All rights reserved. Powered by Mergena | Seo by WiseSoft
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Is it possible to have a 6 year old held back a grade because of inadequate reading skills? Is it possible to have a 3rd grader not be able to read at their level? Is it possible to implement a program that can prevent this from happening?
All these scenarios present the distress in the educational system that has been accumulating for decades. The United States educational system is crying in desperation for a reform. It is stating year after year that parents, educators, professionals, and students should wake up before more and more bilingual children are illiterate. Or more and more high school students decide that graduating is not an option.
What can parents and educators do to help bilingual struggling readers?
When the No-Child-Left-Behind Act (NCLB) was passed in 2001, it presented hope for those children that lag behind in school, for those children that need that extra push to succeed, or for those children that need a little bit more encouragement. But these children need more than education. They need a caring community.
It is a whole community that needs to participate into the program: teachers, educators, tutors, parents, caregivers, family members, mentors, and anyone that would care to encourage a child. As a matter of fact, the NCLB program is meant to do just that: bring children that are struggling in school up to date.
When parents and educators work together, bilingual struggling readers thrive. When parents and students work together, family reconnect. And this intervention in education is probably the most significant aspect in any child’s life. Research has shown that when parents and educators collaborate, the struggling child tends to do much better academically.
In particular, bilingual struggling readers tend to perform much better under the NCLB program. Because of so many circumstances, many instances English is not the spoken language in bilingual homes. Hence, children from these bilingual homes are not fully prepared by the time they enter elementary school. Children in the NCLB program tend to improve their reading skills and behavior. And this eventually helps them move onto the next learning stage.
If parents or caregivers perceive that the child is not reading at the corresponding level or is struggling in other subjects, there’s help. Many resources are available in English and Spanish. Here are a few helpful resources:
- Helping your child become a reader
- Preschoool language and literacy: Teach phonological awareness
- Reading tips of parents = Consejos practicos de lectura para los padres
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Intelligence and achievement tests are just two of the assessments used to evaluate kids. Together with other tests and tools, they help determine the nature of a child’s challenges. Intelligence tests measure thinking and problem-solving skills. They can show what a child’s intellectual potential is.
Test of cognition Intelligence tests o Direct Observation o Self observation The McMaster family assessment device and the family assessment measure-III The mcmaster family assessment device-60 item self report measure that assesses family functioning in terms of problem solving, communication, roles, affective responsiveness, affective involvement, and behaviour control-problem solving involves a 6 stage process 1.
Intelligence tests have provoked a great deal of controversy about what kinds of mental abilities constitute intelligence and whether the IQ adequately represents these abilities, with debate centring on cultural bias in test construction and standardization procedures.
Neuropsychological tests are specifically designed tasks used to measure a psychological function known to be linked to a particular brain structure or pathway. Tests are used for research into brain function and in a clinical setting for the diagnosis of deficits.
Personality Tests This is an interactive version of the Personality-Based Emotional Intelligence Test. Introduction: The term Emotional Intelligence has been given many specific definitions since it gained popularity in the 1980s, but has is generally taken as theorized aspects of intelligence that that are not general intelligence but instead specific to people, such as understanding other peoples perspectives.
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The history of electric car technology started over 200 years ago but it’s only since…
Anti-EV provocateurs often refer to the total carbon footprint, where an electric car is only as green as the source of electricity the consumer uses to charge it, and where the environmental cost of lithium-ion batteries needs to be taken into account. Luckily, the world is looking to embed more and more circular economy principles, and businesses are the driving force behind this transition. The battery industry is accelerating its efforts, with EV battery recycling plants rapidly springing up. Of course, there’s more to an EV powertrain than its battery.
To start with, an EV powertrain has 60% fewer components than a traditional ICE (Internal Combustion Engine) powertrain. This is actually the first step in the life cycle of material use: how and what raw materials are sourced and how efficiently they’re used in your design.
At Traxial, we’ve focused on the most efficient use of raw materials in the design of our electric machine as this phase is crucial to enable recycling and increase the durability of goods in order to keep them in the economy for longer. The yokeless axial flux topology in itself results in a very effective use of materials. Most of the material is used to create torque.
Active material used per unit of torque
As in all PM motors, the most expensive materials are the permanent magnets, the copper (for the windings, busbars, and other conductors), and the electrical steel (as in cores and back irons of magnetic flux conductors). The absence of coil overhangs in the Traxial design and the use of rectangular, concentrated windings lead to a reduction of copper mass. In other words, the share of the copper that is used to produce torque is maximized.
The same goes for the amount of steel in the Traxial motor. Thanks to the axial flux topology, novel stator construction, and the absence of a stator yoke, the amount of steel is significantly reduced. The impact of this becomes clear when we look at the large steel mass content in the stator yoke of a reference radial flux motor, as shown below.
And last but not least, the hot button topic: rare earth permanent magnets. It is common knowledge that induction machines do not have any permanent magnetic material, which reduces their manufacturing cost. However, induction machines are less efficient than PMSM because they have to actively generate the rotor magnetic field by induction (which consumes power), instead of “getting it for free” from the permanent magnets. The same goes for EESM (electrically excited synchronous machines), with the difference that in these motors, the rotor field is generated by a current that runs through the rotor coils (which also consumes power).
This has huge system cost implications, especially when it comes to the need for a larger battery at an equal vehicle range: that additional battery cost is going to largely outweigh the cost saved by the absence of a rather small amount of rare earth materials in the motor. The current cost of a BEV battery is almost 50% of the total price tag of the vehicle. This is also clearly demonstrated in recent analysis from Adamas Intelligence, depicted in the figure below.
An even larger cost bonus can be obtained by replacing the typical radial flux PM motors with high-efficiency Traxial motors and a similar range will be obtained with a smaller battery.
Traxial has been careful to combine standard materials and processes with an innovative design, resulting in motors that exhibit a high level of recyclability when they reach the end of their life cycle. After all, recycling your components can be seen as the safest way to ensure a ready supply of new materials, especially if the initial materials aren’t mined in your area. Moreover, based on the current state of development, the machines can be built with scrap rates already compliant toward large-scale series manufacturing.
There are obviously multiple factors for an OEM to consider when choosing the appropriate electric motor for its next ground mobility application. Please reach out to us to discuss how we can meet the needs of your next innovation project.
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- Project plans
- Project activities
- Legislation and standards
- Industry context
Last edited 02 Mar 2018
Strip foundations (or strip footings) are a type of shallow foundation used to provide a continuous, level (or sometimes stepped) strip of support to a linear structure such as a wall or closely-spaced rows of columns built centrally above them.
Where the natural surface of the ground is sloped, the most economical solution may be a stepped foundation. In this case, the foundation takes the form of a series of concrete horizontal steps following the slope of the ground.
This helps to minimise the amount of excavation and below-ground wall construction that would otherwise be required. Stepped foundations can also be used to transition from deep foundations to shallow foundations, and at corners and intersections.
Regularly stepping foundations also avoids abrupt and excessive changes in level that could cause a weakness resulting in movement. Similarly, abrupt and excessive changes in foundation depths should be avoided at corners and intersections by the introduction of stepping.
Each step in the foundation should be no higher than the thickness of the foundation. The foundation at the higher level should also overlap the lower foundation, typically by at least twice the height of the step, or by the thickness of the foundation, or by at least 300 mm (whichever is greatest).
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One in six MPs supports the ring-fencing of retentions as proposed in the 'Aldous Bill'.
A stakeholder is anyone who has an interest in the process or outcome of a construction project.
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In many cases, the ohmmeter is not used for measuring the resistance of a component but to simply check the integrity of a connection from one portion of a circuit to another. If there is a good connection, then the ohmmeter will read a near zero resistance or a short. If the circuit is open or has a very poor connection at some point like an over-crimped pin in a connector, then the ohmmeter will read infinity or some very high resistance. Keep in mind that while any measurement is being taken, contact with the circuit or probes should be avoided. Contact can introduce another parallel path and provide misleading indications.
Figure 10-164 illustrates a basic test of a capacitor with an ohmmeter. There are usually two common modes of fail for a capacitor. One is a complete failure characterized by short circuit through the capacitor due to the dielectric breaking down or an open circuit. The more insidious failure occurs due to degradation, which is a gradual deterioration of the capacitorís characteristics.
If a problem is suspected, remove the capacitor from the circuit and check with an ohmmeter. The first step is to short the two leads of the capacitor to ensure that it is entirely discharged. Next, connect the two leads as shown in Figure 10-164 across the capacitor and observe the needle movement. At first, the needle should indicate a short circuit. Then as the capacitor begins to charge, the needle should move to the left or infinity and eventually indicate an open circuit. The capacitor takes its charge from the internal battery of the ohmmeter. The greater the capacitance, the longer it will take to charge. If the capacitor is shorted, then the needle will remain at a very low or shorted resistance. If there is some internal deterioration of the dielectric, then the needle will never reach a high resistance but some intermediate value, indicating a current.
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A sub class inherit the accessible data fields and method from its super class but the constructor of the super class are not inherited in the sub class. They can only be invoked from constructor of the sub class using keyword Super. The keyword Super refers to super class of the class in which super appears. TheSntax used to called super class constructur is
This statement invokes the constructor with argument and
Super();This invokes the constructor without argument.
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GoGoNews has launched an interactive Web site featuring daily news for schoolchildren aged 7 to 13. The site features popular headlines from mainstream media with filtered content, informing children of global events while simultaneously protecting them from images and story details appropriate for more mature audiences. In addition to breaking news, GoGoNews covers Science, Art, Government, Politics and Geography, offering fun facts and stories that capture children’s attention and encourage exploration of new subjects. The site is organized by Headlines, covering breaking news; Cool & Fun, containing brain teasers, puzzles and jokes; Planet, featuring interesting facts about space and the environment; Talk, providing a forum for kids and parents to post feedback, comments and ideas; and Teach, guiding parents and educators with suggestions for how to approach difficult news topics and innovative ways to introduce new lessons. GoGoNews is currently being syndicated to elementary schools throughout the United States and Canada via the newsletter GoGo On The Go. http://www.gogonews.com/
For older students, Teaching with the News is the first in a series of lessons on the recent events in Egypt from The Choices Program: Current Events in the Classroom. The latest, Protests, Revolutions, and Democratic Change, helps students consider the potential effects of the protests on democracy and stability in the Middle East and North Africa. The second, After Mubarak, helps students consider the implications of a leadership change in Egypt on the protests for democracy throughout the Middle East and North Africa. Developed at Brown University, The Choices Program addresses the 21st century themes and skills of Critical Thinking, Creativity and Innovation, Collaboration, Media and Technology Literacy, Global Awareness and Civic Literacy, by using a problem-based approach to make complex international issues accessible and meaningful for students of diverse abilities and learning styles.
The Choices Program includes other free lessons, including Protest, Revolution & Change, which helps students analyze the potential effects of the protests on democracy and stability in the Middle East and North Africa, and The Lessons of Iraq.
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Start strong to end strong essay
Learn how to write a strong introduction and conclusion, including what information to include and what information to leave out of your essay. 40 useful words and phrases for top-notch essays to be truly brilliant let's start by looking at language for general explanations of complex points 1 you've almost made it to the end of the essay. Writing a strong essay body with the body of an essay - in other words, the middle paragraphs that don't include the introduction and conclusion things may finally start making sense your essay body paragraphs need to make sense, too to achieve coherence, a paragraph should be clear. A persuasive essay, also known as an argumentative essay, is one that requires a student to investigate a topic and argue a viewpoint another way to end a persuasive research paper is by asking the reader to look to the future, either real or imagined.
Strong essays topics: united states in conclusion jefferson's essay has proven to have a lasting effect on a nations standard of living join millions of other students and start your research become a studymode member sign up - it's free. (writer's credentials), (writer's first and last name), in his/her (type of text), (title of text), (strong verb - see list at end of this you start at the beginning of the text and put it all together and this is what one paragraph of the body of a rhetorical analysis essay. An essay introduction example example essay introduction attention grabbing start background outline of argument despite these criticisms, there does appear to be a strong correlation between pumpkin patches and rat populations. My teacher this year does not like us using in conclusion, in all to start our concluding paragraph can anyone give any tips on how to effectively start a conclusion. How can i end my abortion essay with a strong conclusion how do i start a persuasive essay can someone help me correct my essay answer questions why do you think blowin' in the wind became an effective protest song for the vietnam war. What are some words that you can use to start a conclusion paragraph a strong conclusion depends on the content of all the preceding paragraphs— what point(s) conclusion of an essay should start with the restatement of the thesis statement 2.
Admission essay personal statement apa style essay assignments course work dissertation why is it important to start strong and end strong when delivering a presentation why is it important to start strong and end strong when delivering a presentation. The conclusion of the essay the function of the essay's conclusion is to restate the main argument it reminds the reader of the strengths of the argument: that is, it reiterates the most important evidence supporting the argument. 5 ways to powerfully end your college essay 1 dialogue did someone tell you good job, or thank you, or congratulate you did you finally speak up, or get something done put it in dialogue it's a powerful way to end. Students often find philosophy papers difficult to write since the expectations are very different from those in other disciplines do not try to compose your paper, from start to finish don't end with a hedged claim like though socrates' argument is strong.
First of all we ought to ask, what constitutes a good history essay you will have made a very good start a muddle and an end the same is, alas, all too true of many history essays. Descriptive essay detailed writing guide including essay structure patterns, introduction and conclusion techniques, useful examples, tips and best practices.
How to create a strong expository essay add to favorites process process: create a strong conclusion which underlines the main points of your essay, and refers back to the thesis statement as a means to show how you got where you are at the end now. Start your introduction with a sentence that gets the reader interested in the topic writing strong argument papers purdue university: introductions how to make a conclusion for a social studies essay how to write an explanation essay.
Start strong to end strong essay
A reflective essay, also known as a personal essay what should the conclusion do in a reflective essay written by kate beck how to start an introduction when writing an essay about poetry defending an undergraduate thesis. Strategies for writing a conclusion conclusions are often the most difficult part of an essay to write, and many writers feel that they have nothing left to say after having written the paper. A well-written essay should have at least three main components: an introduction, a body and a conclusion while the introduction introduces the topic and draws the reader in, the body of the essay usually consists of several paragraphs supporting the essay's main argument or hypothesis a strong conclusion will.
So, why should you use essay quotes on the gre to start with, the right use of quotes in essays augments the power of your arguments and makes your essays appear more convincing plus, essays with quotes tend to score better than essays without them. Whether you're writing an argumentative, informative, or a comparative paper, we have some tips for you on how to write a strong thesis statement. 4 ways to make your scholarship essay stand out and consider a sentence or two of introduction and conclusion before you know it, you'll have built the structure and thesis of your essay when you do start writing. Elements of a strong paragraph it should have a clear beginning, middle and end strong paragraphs combine focus and attention to detail to develop a closing - the closing paragraph, or conclusion, summarizes the essay, reminds the reader. Jumping to conclusions: how to end your essay (these tips will make the most sense if you followed my loose formula for writing a personal essay, where you start with an anecdote to show your reader what you are talking about. How to write a great community service essay posted by christine sarikas know the essay requirements before your start writing a single word you want to finish your essay on a strong note as well a good way to end your essay is to state again the impact your work had on you.
After all, tomorrow is another day i've been reading a lot of student essays recently that introduce their topics well, provide great sources, consider their audience, but then fall flat at the end it isn't a problem with failing to offer a restatement of thesis or offering a call to action. English composition 1 introductions a weak introduction can cause readers to lose interest in your essay from the start, whereas a strong introduction will engage your readers and make them want to and the government must implement better regulations to help put an end to this crime. All the conclusion needs is three or four strong sentences which do not need to follow any set formula even an anecdote can end your essay in a useful way the introduction and conclusion complete the paragraphs of your essay. Get an answer for 'a strong conclusionwhat are some tips you give your students for writing strong conclusions ' and find homework help for other essay lab questions at enotes. Writing conclusions to argumentative essays conclusions are just as important as introductions the conclusion closes the essay and tries to close the issue the aim. Why do you need a strong conclusion before i get into the essay conclusion examples, you should know why writing a strong conclusion is so important.
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The Arctic fox is a small fox well adapted to living in cold environments of Arctic regions. It has a deep thick fur which is white in winter and brown in summer. The Arctic fox can stay warm in winter not just because of its thick coat but because of its generally rounded body shape with short legs, bushy tail, small rounded ears and short muzzle.
The Arctic fox lives in Arctic and Subarctic regions of Russia, Europe and North America. It lives in the circumpolar Arctic, which stretches from the top of Ellesmere Island to the bottom of James Bay in Canada. It is mostly found on tundra and pack ice, but it also lives in boreal forests in the Kenai Peninsula in Alaska and in Canada.
Arctic foxes are diurnal animals. They live in a family consisting of one adult male, the young, and two vixens - one a non-breeding female born the year before that helps look after the next litter. The fox makes a den far beneath the surface of the ground. It can tolerate temperatures as low as -50 degrees Celsius. Their dens have a number of entrances and have been lived in by generations of foxes for centuries. To locate prey during winter, the fox uses its sense of smell and hearing to find animals moving through tunnels underneath the snow.
The Arctic fox is an omnivore and will eat almost any animal, dead or alive. It prefers small mammals but will eat berries, insects, carrion, and even animal or human stools. In winter it usually eats sea mammals and birds, invertebrates, fish, and seals.
Arctic foxes tend to form monogamous pairs in the breeding season and maintain a territory around the den. Breeding is usually in April and May, with a gestation period of about 52 days. Between 6 and 19 cubs are born. They drink milk until they are able to eat solid food, starting to eat after 6 weeks. They leave the den when they are 14-15 weeks old. They are usually dependent on their parents from summer to autumn. Both male and female parents take care of the cubs, with the female raising the young while the male hunts for food. At one year old they are sexually mature.
Arctic foxes are threatened by the fur trade and diseases caught from domestic dogs. Climate change is another threat, as the snow-line shrinks further and further north, reducing the range of the arctic fox and giving way to the red fox, advancing northward.
According to IUCN Red List, the world population of Arctic foxes is in the order of several hundred thousand animals. Arctic fox is common in the tundra areas of Russia, Canada, coastal Alaska, Greenland and Iceland. Despite legal protection, the adult population in Norway, Sweden, and Finland is estimated to be fewer than 200 individuals, so it is acutely endangered. Overall, currently Arctic foxes are classified as Least Conern (LC) and their numbers today remain stable.
The Arctic fox helps to keep the environment clean by keeping the rodent population down and by eating dead animals.
The Arctic fox is now popular as a pet. This is the result of a Russian project run by Professor D. K. Belyaeve at a breeding farm at Novosibirsk. Foxes which were the most tame were interbred until some changes in color and features took place. Foxes were bred to have slightly different genes to the original species. The fox needs to be groomed carefully every day due to its heavy coat. Its character might be aloof, similar to some cats, or loyal and friendly like a dog.
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Asked by: Housna Amusquibarfine art theater
What is the use of dialect?
Last Updated: 18th May, 2020
Click to see full answer.
Similarly one may ask, what are some examples of dialect?
Examples of Dialect: A Northern American might say, “hello.” A Southern American might say, “howdy.” This is an example of the differences in dialect.
Beside above, what is dialect in language? A dialect is a regional or social variety of a language distinguished by pronunciation, grammar, and/or vocabulary. The adjective dialectal describes anything related to this topic. The study of dialects is known as dialectology or sociolinguistics.
Also to know, how do you use dialect in a sentence?
Examples of dialect in a Sentence They speak a southern dialect of French. The author uses dialect in his writing. The play was hard to understand when the characters spoke in dialect.
What is dialect and its types?
There are also regional dialects, spoken in specific areas of a country; social dialects (or sociolects), associated with certain classes or occupational groups; and ethnic dialects, commonly used by members of a particular ethnic group. Finally, there's the language variety unique to each individual speaker.
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Did you know that March is Music In Our Schools Month? I think that music is an important part of education, and should be included in all programs of study K-12. I started band in 6th grade, and continued all through high school, and even into my sophomore year of college. I played (and still occasionally play) piano, clarinet, bass clarinet and tuba. I participated in concert band and marching band each year, and believe it made a huge difference in my education.
According to Nature Neuroscience (2007), Students in schools with strong music education programs perform higher on standardized tests than students in schools with deficient music education programs. Other research shows that playing a musical instrument increases the brain's sensitivity to speech and language sounds, as well as long term memory. VH1's Save the Music Website has an excellent collection of research statistics and information on the benefits of music education.
So how can teachers of English language learners use these benefits to help our students? The first is to figure out how you can incorporate music into your own classroom. Beyond that, how can you help to improve the quality of the music education program in your school?
When I taught middle school, and we received a newcomer, the counselor and I would discuss what classes would be appropriate for the student. I always recommended a chorus class. The research shows that music is connected to the brain's speech and language center, which is exactly what a newcomer ELL needs to stimulate. Students get practice making the sounds and shapes of the language, without having to deal with the stress of understanding it. Even better, they are surrounded by others and don't have to feel ostracized for accents or mistakes.
Beyond academics, participation in a music program, whether choral or instrumental, can help to raise a student's level of self-confidence, which can translate in to an improvement in academics as well. It can give students the opportunity to find or develop a talent that can eventually help them win money for college.
Music can also make the environment more comfortable. Krashen's affective filter hypothesis states the theory that if a student is uncomfortable, for any reason, he or she will be unable to learn language effectively. This seems to make sense for any student in any subject area. Playing music at specific times to establish procedures or routines, or while students are working independently, can help to make your classroom a more comfortable environment and open your ELLs up to learning.
Gardener's theory of Multiple Intelligences tells us that some students have a specific intelligence for music, and learn best when music is incorporated. Other research tells us that music helps to develop long term memory. With these two pieces of information in mind, I have used simple songs written to familiar tunes to help my students develop, practice and remember important content vocabulary and academic language. Some of the strongest memories I have from elementary school are songs that my teachers used to help us learn concepts, like multiplication. Even better- have students write their own song, poem, or rap about a topic you've been studying.
Incorporate music as part of your rewards program. While I realize that most schools have bans on devices like iPods or cell phones that play music, I have had success with using these devices as part of my rewards and incentives program in my classroom. When I was teaching middle school, my students loved to listen to music. Provided that their behavior and work habits were on target, they were allowed to bring their listening devices, with headphones, to listen to on Fridays. Students had the understanding that if they brought these devices out in other classes, they would be confiscated and I would not help them. I would also occasionally allow students the privilege of playing "dj" and hooking up their device to my computer's speakers. The students who got to play "dj" enjoyed the privilege and did not push the boundaries by playing inappropriate music- in fact, they were very vigilant to make sure the music was "school safe".
Regardless of how you choose to do it, I urge you to incorporate music into your classroom learning experience. It can help improve vital brain functions related to speech and language processing, improve memory and help to make your students more comfortable and open to learning. These things will certainly help your ELLs, but I can see how they could help all the students in your class as well!
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What are the 4 methods of data collection?
In this article, we will look at four different data collection techniques – observation, questionnaire, interview and focus group discussion – and evaluate their suitability under different circumstances.
What are the four data collection methods in qualitative research?
The methods mentioned in the blog – interviews, surveys, group discussions, and observations are the most widely and commonly used qualitative data collection methods.
What is the method of quantitative research?
Definition. Quantitative methods emphasize objective measurements and the statistical, mathematical, or numerical analysis of data collected through polls, questionnaires, and surveys, or by manipulating pre-existing statistical data using computational techniques.
What are examples of data collection methods?
Case Studies, Checklists, Interviews, Observation sometimes, and Surveys or Questionnaires are all tools used to collect data.
How can primary data be collected?
Primary Data: It is a term for data collected at source. This type of information is obtained directly from first hand sources by means of surveys, observations and experimentation and not subjected to any processing or manipulation and also called primary data.
Which is the best data collection method for quantitative research?
Best Data Collection Methods for Quantitative Research 1 The Nature of Quantitative Observation. As quantitative observation uses numerical measurement, its results are more accurate than qualitative observation methods, which cannot be measured. 2 Surveys. 3 Interviews. 4 Secondary Data Collection Methods. 5 Takeaways. …
What are two types of data collection methods?
The two main types of data collection methods you have at your disposal are qualitative and quantitative. Qualitative data collection methods rely on opinions, descriptive phrases, and researchers’ subjective conclusions.
How are interviews used to collect quantitative data?
Interviewing people is a common method used for data collection. However, the interviews conducted to collect quantitative data are more structured wherein the researchers ask only a standard set of questionnaire and nothing more than that.
How are primary and secondary quantitative data collected?
Primary quantitative data is gathered using close ended survey questions and rigid one-on-one interviews. Secondary data can be gathered through published research and official statistics. Quantitative data answers the questions “how much” “how often” and “how many.” 7 Data collection methods
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Babies whose mothers were infected with the coronavirus during pregnancy may face a higher risk of brain development disorders such as autism and bipolar disorder, according to a new study that looked at more than 7,500 births.
The finding, published Thursday in the journal JAMA Network Open, adds urgency to bringing coronavirus transmission under control, even though the new variants are less likely to cause severe cases of COVID-19.
Other viruses, such as influenza and measles, are thought to make babies more vulnerable to conditions such as autism, schizophrenia and depression if exposed in utero. Researchers from Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School wondered if the same was true for SARS-CoV-2, the coronavirus that causes COVID-19.
“More than a decade of studies suggest that viral infection during pregnancy could be associated with neurodevelopmental disorders, so there was cause for concern about this virus as well,” said Dr Roy Perlis, director of the Massachusetts Center for Quantitative Health. General Hospital and lead author of the study.
The researchers looked at electronic health record data from deliveries that took place at eight Massachusetts medical centers during the early months of the pandemic, between March and September 2020. The records tracked babies’ development for a year after birth, looking for specific codes. this would indicate a diagnosis of a developmental disorder related to motor function, speech or language, among others.
Researchers found that of 7,550 babies whose mothers were infection-free during pregnancy, 3% had been diagnosed with impaired brain development before their first birthday. Of the 222 babies who were exposed to SARS-CoV-2 in utero, 6.3% were diagnosed by the time they turned 1 year old.
After the researchers took into account other factors that may affect a child’s risk of a neurodevelopmental problem – such as premature birth, the mother’s age and the baby’s gender – they decided calculated that babies exposed prenatally to SARS-CoV-2 were 86% more likely to be diagnosed in their first year compared to babies who were not exposed before birth.
Perlis stressed that the overall risk of developing these disorders remains low for all babies.
He added that one year is not enough time to fully understand how prenatal exposure to the coronavirus affects children. Still, he said, he was surprised to find a connection in the first place.
“Frankly, I would have been a lot happier if we hadn’t seen anything at all,” he said.
In a commentary that accompanies the study, Dr Torri Metz suggested that the coronavirus may not be directly responsible for the developmental problems in babies.
“We wonder if it is the virus itself or the societal changes and stresses of the pandemic that are negatively affecting childhood outcomes,” wrote Metz, a maternal-fetal medicine specialist at the University of Utah Health.
But Dr Kristina Adams Waldorf, an obstetrician-gynecologist who studies infectious diseases in pregnancy at the University of Washington Medicine, said the findings were similar to research on infections caused by other viruses.
“We know from previous studies, including one involving millions of pregnancies in Sweden, that exposure to different types of infections such as influenza during pregnancy can impact the neurological development of the child,” said Adams Waldorf, who was not involved in the new study.
With the coronavirus, more research will be needed to see if the severity of a mother’s infection matters.
“Unfortunately, it is very possible that asymptomatic or mild infections are also linked to neurodevelopmental disorders in children,” she said.
Either way, the medical advice for pregnant women remains unchanged.
“This should be another wake-up call for pregnant women to get vaccinated, get a reminder, stay in mask and take as many precautions as possible,” Adams Waldorf said.
Sumeet Kulkarni, Los Angeles Times
More articles from the BDN
#Coronavirus #infection #pregnancy #linked #brain #development #problems #babies
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Preparing students for college means giving them more than a grounding in academics. Time-management skills, an ability to persevere to solve problems, and a sense of personal responsibility are also skills that schools can instill to help students navigate the challenges of higher education.
Nearly 1,000 school districts, county education offices and charter schools across California will share $200 million in state grants as part of an effort to prepare more high school students for college.
Under new federal rules, the date has moved from January to October.
California needs to produce 11.9 million degrees by 2025 to remain economically competitive.
California high school graduation rates are slightly below the national average but are rising more quickly.
One of the goals is to increase the number of computer science courses offered.
Select campuses will partner with local clubs.
The plan includes offering more course sections and improving academic support for students.
At least 23 community colleges are offering "College Promise" initiatives.
Education officials want to ensure the indicator measures both areas of study.
The CSU system is in line for a $35 million grant if it adopts plans to boost four-year graduation rates.
Still, only a third of juniors met or exceeded standards in math.
The goal is to keep students competitive in a global market.
The new system will move away from relying primarily on test scores.
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In the ballad A Lytell Geste of
Robyn Hode, the king is referred to as "Edward our comly king"
no less than seven times. Comly meant "handsome". There is no reference
to King Richard I in the Gest, a widely held myth encouraged by John Major,
SirWalter Scott in his Ivanhoe and sundry mass- marketed films. Looking
at their portraits which one might it have been?
three Plantagenet Edwards, the Three Neds, reigned in succession from
1272 to 1377:
Edward I, 1272-1307
Edward II, 1307-27
Edward III, 1327-77
There is some evidence that Edward I was at Nottingham in 1299
whilst preparing to amass troops throughout England for the siege of Caerlaverock
which may have given him time to visit the forest around Nottingham.
Joseph Hunter noted that Edward II had in 1324 a "valet de chambre"
with the name of Robin Hood, though there was no indication that he
had been in trouble with the law. Professor James C. Holt discussed the
connection with some scepticism, but also felt that some of the events
in the seventh and eighth fyttes had a basis in historical fact (Robin
Hood, 1989, pp. 155-56). He noted that after the execution of
Thomas earl of Lancaster in 1322, the earl's supporters committed
wide-spread acts of vengeance, including the pillaging of the
king's deer in the royal forests, and that, as in the Gest,
Edward II himself travelled to the area to investigate these disturbances.
There is little doubt that Edward II was a tall, strong king who liked wrestling,
swimming, and oddly, digging ditches, thatching roofs and other physical
pursuits. Despite the fact that he liked acting, playing kettle drums and
enjoyed fine and bizarre clothing he was certainly no effeminate as sometimes
portrayed in mass-media entertainment.
Knight has suggested that Edward IV, may best fit the description
our 'comly kynge' (in lines 1457, 1513, 1549, 1637, 1727), as
his period of rule (1461-83) is not inconsistent with the argument
that the Gest is composed much later than has usually been thought
(1994, pp. 46-48).
We might identify the king in fyttes seven and eight
as Edward III, because Laurence Minot refers to him as
Edward, oure cumly king in line 1 of Poem IV, which was composed
about 1339 to commemorate Edward III's invasion of France at the beginning
of the Hundred Years War (Richard Osberg, ed., The Poems of Laurence
1333-1352, Kalamazoo: Medieval Institute Publications, 1996)1.
Another, almost unthinkable possibility, is that the Gest is
referring to two or more 'Edwards' and these have been conflated within
Certainly Edward I was more popular than Edward II, whilst the author
of the Gest may have been purposely vague in order to impress the
then incumbent, Edward III.
8th Fyte of the Littel Gest of Robyn Hode.
"Haste thou ony grene cloth," sayd our kynge,
'Have you any green cloth' said the king'
"That thou wylte sell nowe to me?"
'That you will sell to me now?'
"Ye, for God," sayd Robyn,
'Yes for God's sake' said Robyn'
"Thyrty yerdes and thre."
'Thirty three yards.'
"Robyn," sayd our kynge,
'Robyn' said the king,
"Now pray I the,
'Now I pray to you,
Sell me some of that cloth,
Sell me some of that cloth,
To me and my meyné."1
To me and my many
"Yes, for God," then sayd Robyn,
'Yes, for God,' then said Robyn,
"Or elles I were a fole: 2
'Or else I would be a fool:
Another day ye wyll me clothe,
Another day you will clothe me,
I trowe, ayenst the Yole."3
I trust against Christmas'
The kynge kest of his cole then,4
Then the king cast down his cowl,
A grene garment he dyde on,
Putting on a green garment,
And every knyght had so, iwys,
And every knight did the same,
Another hode full sone.
with a hood just as quickly.
Whan they were clothed in Lyncolne grene,
When they were clothed in Lincoln green,
They keste away theyr graye:
They threw away their grey:
"Now we shall to Notyngham,"
'Now we shall travel to Nottingham'
All thus our kynge gan say.
was all our king could say.
1. Meyne = many men; company
2. Fole = fool
3.Yole = for Yule = for Christmas
4. Throws off his black cowl. The king adopts Robyn's green livery.
of Robin Hood - The Rochester University Project.
© Tim Midgley, 2000, revised 9th December 2018.
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How to encourage creativity in children through toys?
Nurturing creativity plays a vital for ensuring overall development in kids. There is a big misconception people believe that creativity is an instinctive ability that only certain people are blessed with. This is far from the truth as every child is born with the power of innovation & vivid imagination which every parent should nurture.
Every child is blessed with creative energy which needs to be encouraged from an early age so that he can have a wider range of creative expression. In fact, toys act as a great tool that can help your child foster imagination so always look for toys that encourage imaginative play possibilities.
To nurture an innovative mind, it is important to provide your child with toys that can release their creative thoughts. Instead of filling your kid’s room with too many toys, you should just only go for toys that can help them develop creativity.
As Einstein said, “Imagination is more important than knowledge”, so by letting your kid play with toys, you can nurture your child’s creative mind. Choose your kid’s toy wisely so that it can help with their growth & development.
In this article, we’ll discuss how you can encourage creativity in children through toys:
Go for open-ended toys
Open-ended toys act as a great tool to foster imagination and also empower the child to come up with his own conclusions. Open-ended toys can be played without any pre-decided goal in mind which encourages them to weave their own storyline.
- Blocks: To encourage your kid’s creativity, you can choose wooden or foam blocks. It is a great way to develop your kid’s coordination.
- Puzzles: Puzzles can also encourage creative thinking in kids as by letting them depend on their imagination & critical thinking.
Monitor your kids
Whenever you play with your kids, always make sure to monitor them & give needed support as it will help them to think more creatively. Kids are very curious about various things so by answering their questions, you can help them learn more.
Give them enough time to play
When it comes to imaginative play, make sure to give your kid enough time to play so that he can enjoy himself as long as they want. By putting a timer, you can hinder their imaginative play so always make sure to give your child ample time to play.
Don’t be intrusive
Another important thing that every parent should consider is not to be intrusive when their kid is playing. It may look tempting to participate in your kid’s play session, however, don’t do it unless your child has asked for your help.
Your child may not play with the toy the way it is supposed to be played so in such cases try to be more open-minded and support your child to think out of the box. Breaking convention is highly important to encourage your child’s creative instincts to fly.
So, these are a few ways in which you can teach your kid to be more creative. Toys are a great tool in which you can help your child nurture his creative expression.
Are you looking for some toys for your child’s imaginative play? Well, we’ve listed down some adorable toys that you can consider buying:
#1. Kawaii octopus plush
#2. Kawaii penguin plush
#3. Kawaii Shiba dog plush
Wrapping it up, we can say that toys are a great tool to make your child think creatively. Instead of choosing random toys, go for the toys that can encourage free-play in children.
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Though it is extinct today, the Carcharocles megalodon Shark has the largest teeth.
The largest shark teeth of any extant species today come from the Great White Shark. Though not the largest shark alive today, they do have the largest teeth reaching almost 3 inches (which is more impressive when you think of 3000 teeth in multiple rows in one mouth). The shark with the largest teeth in relation to it’s body size is the Cookiecutter shark, aka Cigar shark.
Definitely the megatooth shark, or Carcharodon megalodon. Megalodon evolved during the early Miocene epoch, which was about twenty million years ago.
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Climate change is a global issue which is affecting many areas of our lives including our health, the ability to grow food, our housing and our work. We already know many of the solutions that will protect our future environment and we know our children will help to implement them.
We offer a wide range of training, events and resources designed to help you explore and support positive climate action in your school.
All activities support United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 13 on Climate Action.
You may want to work on a project with an overseas partner school to explore the effects of climate change in different parts of the world. All our classroom resources are suitable for working with a partner school. Use our free Schools partner finder tool to find a school overseas to partner and work with.
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Alcohol occurs naturally when fruits, vegetables, and grains exposed to bacteria in the air undergo the process of fermentation . People can create and speed up the conditions for fermentation to produce ethyl alcohol, also called ethanol. Pure ethanol is not drinkable but is an ingredient of alcoholic beverages, such as beer, wine, and liquors. The concentration of ethanol in beer is approximately 4 to 5 percent; in wine it is 11 to 12 percent; and in most liquors it is 40 to 50 percent. Also, alcoholic beverages are often diluted by water before they are consumed.
The Effects of Alcohol on the Body
Ethanol acts as a depressant on the central nervous system, which is made up of the brain and spinal cord. This means it slows brain and nervous system function. It produces sedation and even sleep at higher doses. When people drink a moderate amount of ethanol, they may feel an initial stimulation or rush of energy. But soon after that first phase, alcohol decreases memory, the ability to concentrate, quickness of reaction, and judgment.
When a person drinks a beverage that has alcohol in it, the ethanol is absorbed from the stomach by simple diffusion into the blood-stream. Strong drinks with a higher percentage of alcohol are absorbed more quickly, while beer and wine are absorbed more slowly. Food slows the absorption process. Peak blood alcohol concentration occurs within thirty to ninety minutes of drinking—earlier on an empty stomach and later on a full stomach. Once absorbed, ethanol spreads throughout the parts of the body that contain water, going wherever water goes.
Recent evidence suggests that low or moderate amounts of ethanol (one to two drinks per day) can indirectly reduce the risk of heart attacks. The doses must be low enough to avoid liver damage. Scientists believe that this beneficial effect occurs because alcohol raises the level of a certain type of cholesterol in the blood. This cholesterol slows the development of arteriosclerosis , often the cause of heart attacks.
Tolerance, Dependence, and Abuse
Tolerance develops to a drug when the dose must be increased to achieve the effect of the original dose. Tolerance to ethanol can occur in just a few weeks or may take years, depending on how much and how consistently a person drinks. Like tolerance, dependence on ethanol can develop after only a few weeks of consistent drinking. When a dependent person stops drinking, he or she experiences withdrawal symptoms. These symptoms include the "shakes," hallucinations, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fever, sweating, and sometimes convulsions. Several days after the last drink, an individual sometimes goes through a severe phase of withdrawal called the delirium tremens. Symptoms of this last phase of withdrawal include confusion, disorientation, and vivid hallucinations.
see also Accidents and Injuries from Alcohol; Alcohol: Complications of Problem Drinking; Alcohol: Withdrawal; Alcohol Treatment: Behavioral Approaches; Alcohol Treatment: Medications; Blood Alcohol Concentration.
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Since the invention of the MOSFET transistor sixty years ago, which is based on the semiconductor silicon, this chemical element has been an integral part of modern life. Silicon is readily available, cheap and has ideal electrical properties, but it also has an important disadvantage: it is very brittle and therefore breaks easily. This can become a problem if you want to use silicon to make microsystems, i.e. mechanical devices only a few micrometers in size, such as acceleration sensors in modern mobile phones.
At ETH Zurich, a team led by Jeffrey Wheeler, Senior Scientist in the Laboratory of Nanometallurgy, together with colleagues from the Laboratory for the Mechanics of Materials and Nanostructures at the Empa Materials Research Institute, has shown that under certain conditions silicon can be much more resistant and ductile than previously thought. In order to understand how the smallest structures of silicon can deform, Wheeler took a closer look at a widely used manufacturing method: the focused ion beam. Such a beam of charged particles can very effectively mill desired shapes into a silicon wafer, but it also leaves behind distinct traces in the form of surface damage and defects that make the material more easily broken.
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Bullying is called the silent epidemic. Although half of workers have experienced or witnessed bullying, policies and laws dealing with it are far less prevalent.
This is, in part, because bullying can be hard to identify and address. People wonder, what does bullying look like? How can we discourage it in our workplace? What can I do to protect my staff and co-workers?
All of these questions (and more!) will be answered.
- Define what bullying is and is not
- Understand the costs of bullying to people and organisations
- Identify bullying behaviours and the reasons behind them
- Know some ways to prevent bullying and understand what role you can play
- Know some ways to protect yourself from bullying
- Know what to do if you are bullied
- Identify appropriate solutions for a bullying incident (within and outside the organisation)
- Assist in creating an anti-bullying policy
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In crystallography, the terms crystal system, crystal family, and lattice system each refer to one of several classes of space groups, lattices, point groups, or crystals. Informally, two crystals tend to be in the same crystal system if they have similar symmetries, though there are many exceptions to this.
Crystal systems, crystal families, and lattice systems are similar but slightly different, and there is widespread confusion between them: in particular the trigonal crystal system is often confused with the rhombohedral lattice system, and the term "crystal system" is sometimes used to mean "lattice system" or "crystal family".
Space groups and crystals are divided into 7 crystal systems according to their point groups, and into 7 lattice systems according to their Bravais lattices. Five of the crystal systems are essentially the same as five of the lattice systems, but the hexagonal and trigonal crystal systems differ from the hexagonal and rhombohedral lattice systems.
The six crystal families are formed by combining the hexagonal and trigonal crystal systems into one hexagonal family, in order to eliminate this confusion.
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Kale is one of the healthiest, most nutritious greens out there. It's been the veggie-of-the-moment for the last few years, overhauling the salad world and taking on a starring role in everything from chips to smoothies. You can buy it in grocery stores and farmer's markets year-round, but it's also very easy to grow yourself (whether you're a green thumb or not!). However, before you rush out to purchase some seeds or starter plants, here are few things you should know about this vegetable before you grow it.
When to Start Growing Kale
Kale is part of the brassica (cabbage) family. Brassicas prefer cool weather and are cold-hardy in some places. Although you can start kale seeds in warm weather, they need to mature in cool weather for the best flavor. You can directly sow kale seeds in your garden about six weeks before the last frost date for a spring harvest and then again in the fall, about six to eight weeks before the first frost.
Also on Z Living: A 'Class FitSugar' Pineapple Kale Smoothie To Kickstart Your Day
Where to Plant Your Kale
Kale loves full sun. It will do great in full sun during the early spring and fall. If you are going to try to plant kale in warm weather, do so in partial shade.
Kale, like many vegetables, benefits from companion planting. Companion planting helps with pest control, pollination and helps provide habitat for beneficial creatures.It helps to maximize use of space and increase crop productivity. Other cool weather plants such as spinach, chard and onions are perfect companions for kale.
To extend and protect your kale crop, use a frost cloth or plant protection blanket to cover the plant when the temperatures drop below freezing. Kale can handle frost, but some protection will help extend the growing season. Also, mulching the base of the plant will help conserve moisture, as well as, help keep the roots insulated. A three to four inch thick layer of straw or grass mulch will suffice.
Pest such as slugs, white cabbage flies and flea beetles love to munch on kale. You can get rid of them by blasting them with a hose or use a natural, non toxic insecticide soap.
Watering consistently and thoroughly is essential for a healthy harvest. The plant needs to get an inch of water per week (total of rain plus watering). For deep root development, twice- or three-times-a-week deep soak is better than daily, superficial watering.
Kale does pretty well on its own, especially if you are top dressing your soil with compost every six to eight weeks. You can, however, lightly fertilize kale with a natural fertilizer to help boost growth throughout the growing season.
Also on Z Living: Recipe: Kale Salad With Maple-Mustard Dressing
You can harvest kale as baby greens as soon as they are a couple of inches high. It’s better to wait until they are about five to six inches (or the size of your hand) and harvest from the outer leaves, leaving the center intact. You can harvest from the same plant again in another week or so.
Once the warm weather hits, kale will “bolt”. This means it will go to flower and set seeds. At this point it’s time to pull it out and replace with warm weather vegetables. No worries, it’s only a few months before you’ll be able to start kale again.
Inspired to garden? Here are more pro tips you won't want to miss:
WATCH on Z Living: Kim's Rude Awakenings, where Britain’s biggest housekeeping celebrity, Kim Woodburn, attempts to overhaul rude, lazy, and messy families. See a sneak preview here.
Tell us in the comments: Have you had success growing kale? What's your best strategy?
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30 Aug A premise of epidemiology is that health outcomes are not ra
A premise of epidemiology is that health outcomes are not random occurrences within a population, but are linked to particular risk factors and diseases. Epidemiologists utilize a range of study design methods to evaluate evidence-based associations to understand and improve health outcomes. Use the specific Excel worksheets, located in the ‘Excel Study Design Workbook,” to complete this assignment.Part 1: Study Design ComparisonUsing the ‘Study Design Comparison Worksheet,’ compare and contrast the characteristics of the different types of study design types discussed in this course. Survey and Medical recordsPart 2: Article Comparison Consider an area of interest that you want to explore as a potential topic for your Epidemiological Profile project. Search for two articles that fit any two of the four study designs (randomized trial, cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional) pertaining to the interest area you chose. Review the articles provided in the ‘Study Design Resource Document’ to practice identifying articles for each study design. (Do not use the actual articles listed in the ‘Study Design Resource Document’ for this assignment.) Complete the ‘Article Comparison Worksheet’ to compare the study design characteristics in each of your two articles. Include details of any gaps in the characteristics or identify if information is missing.General RequirementsUpon completion of both worksheets, submit the ‘Excel Study Design Workbook.’This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.APA style is not required, but solid academic writing is expected.PLEASE READ INSTITUTION CAREFULLY ASSIGNMENT IS WORTH 120 POINT
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•In Kenya, the rainy and cold season tends to be when people get sick from colds and flu and there is fear the same might hold for coronavirus disease, also called covid-19.
•Even for influenza it is not conclusively understood why it is more prevalent in the cold season - Prof Rodney Adam.
As Kenya heads into the long rains season, what could this mean for the spread of Coronavirus?
According to the meteorological department, temperatures are expected to slowly fall toward the end of this month, while rains increase.
"It is noted that day-time temperatures decreased over most parts of the country," says head of the meteorological department Stella Aura, regarding the March 9-15 week.
In Kenya, the rainy and cold season tends to be when people get sick from colds and flu and there is fear the same might hold for coronavirus disease, also called Covid-19.
However, infectious diseases specialist at Aga Khan University Hospital Prof Rodney Adam told the Star it is not yet known what role weather plays on the spread of Sars-CoV-2, the virus that causes the coronavirus.
"There is no reason to believe that the rainy season will affect the spread of Covid-19. Whether there is a role for climate we don't know that yet," he said.
"The best environment for the virus is 37-40 degrees so all they need is to jump from from one human host to another."
Covid-19 was first reported to the World Health Organisation as a pneumonia of unknown cause in Wuhan, on December 31, 2019.
By yesterday, 225,253 infections and 9,276 deaths had been reported, mostly along the northern hemisphere, which is currently in winter.
At least 85,826 or 90 per cent of all patients have recovered fully, according to the WHO.
The mechanism that causes influenza and colds to spread faster in the winter is not perfectly understood, says Prof Adam.
"Even for influenza it is not conclusively understood why it is more prevalent in the cold season," he told the Star.
Scientists theorize it relates to the way virus particles can stay active on surfaces such as matatu seat handles, lift buttons and door handles for longer in cold weather.
It could also be down to the tendency ofv people to congregate in warm, close conditions where diseases spread easily during cold weather.
Head of the meteorological department Stella Aura says a few parts of Kenya will receive morning and evening rains this weekend.
Aura says until Monday, rainfall is likely to continue over parts of the Lake Victoria basin, the Rift Valley highlands, central Kenya including Nairobi, the Coast and Ukambani.
"A few areas within the Northeast and the Northwest may also receive some rainfall," she said.
The rains will increase in April and end in May or June. However, Mets says this year the temperatures will remain higher than usual.
Some viruses may have a temperature range where they can survive for longer.
Sars coronaviruses are usually stable at low temperature and low humidity environment.
But much less is known about the behaviour of SARS-CoV-2 in warm outdoor environments.
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Offset Tracking Correction for Optical Recording
Original Publication Date: 1986-Oct-01
Included in the Prior Art Database: 2005-Mar-09
In an optical memory, an object-lens servo is used to access information on either side of a central track. As a result of the radial direction offset of the lens, the tracking servo will not center the focused spot on a track. This is due to the fact that the returning beam has an offset which produces unequal intensities on the two halves of the photodetector used in the servo sensor circuit. However, some of the actuator driving signal can be fed back into the sensor circuit with the correct phase to eliminate the offset in the sensor circuit. This can be done with a fixed resistor or for more accurate adjustment; it can be done as shown in Fig. 3, described hereinafter. A typical optical head layout for a digital audio disk (DAD) player is shown in Fig. 1.
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We admit eight new Kindergarten students each year.
There are two Kindergarten classrooms with 22 students and two gradehead teachers in each.
List of 8 items.
The primary goals of the Kindergarten program are for children to develop self-confidence, an enthusiasm for learning, and a respect and appreciation for others. We emphasize the development of social skills and encourage children to cooperate in a number of ways throughout the school day. The curriculum is designed to accommodate the wide range of learning styles and skill levels which the children bring to the classroom. Individual, small group, and whole class activities are used throughout the curriculum.
Social/Thematic Studies Social interactions among children are central to the Kindergarten curriculum. Our goal is to enable children to work and play together in a respectful and cooperative way. Through discussions, activities, meetings, and, most importantly, through play, children build social skills and develop an understanding of what it means to be a member of a community. Throughout the year, kindergarteners will be involved in the thematic study, “All About Us.” We look at the various groups to which we belong, focusing on what it means to be a member of a family, a classroom, and the Shady Hill community.
Our throughlines for the year are:
How do I respect myself?
How do I respect others?
How do I respect the environment?
How am I the same as other people?
How am I different from other people?
To what communities do I belong?
Each Kindergarten class is partnered with an Grade VIII class. Partners meet regularly to play and do activities together.
Mathematics In Kindergarten
The goal of our mathematics program is to help children construct their own mathematical knowledge through meaningful learning experiences. Students solve problems, develop sound reasoning, and communicate their mathematical thinking in written and oral forms. They make connections to mathematical ideas and real-life experiences, and explore multiple representations. We encourage children’s interest in mathematics while building their confidence and strengthening their skills. We see mathematics as an integral part of the children’s learning experiences at school and home.
Our program emphasizes the use of concrete materials such as dice, pattern blocks, Unifix cubes, and other math manipulatives. The content areas we cover include: number sense and operations, algebra (patterns and relationships), measurement, data analysis, and geometry (shapes and spatial reasoning).
Our math program is flexible enough to be able to respond both to differences in learning styles and variations in the readiness of our students. It is informed by the ThinkMath! curriculum, and supported by our lower school math coordinator, Megan Porter. Below are listed some of the benchmarks we have for kindergarteners over the course of the year. These are by no means all of the topics we cover, but rather an overview of some of the skills we expect children to master by the spring.
Counts by ones, fives, and tens to 30 and beyond
Uses one-to-one correspondence to count
Recognizes numbers to 30 and beyond
Accurately forms numbers 0-30
Reasonably estimates the number of objects in a group
Recognizes, extends, and creates patterns
Sorts and classifies by attributes
Demonstrates spatial reasoning skills
Collects, sorts, and analyzes data
Generates problem-solving strategies
Articulates and represents mathematical thinking
Science In Kindergarten
Kindergarteners are natural scientists and engineers. Their days are filled with opportunities to build, take apart, sort, observe, compare, question, and experiment. There is a science center located in each classroom. In addition, a science specialist visits once per week for one hour and works with the gradeheads to integrate science into the curriculum. In keeping with their Thematic Study, "All About Us," the science themes consist of: a study of how we use our senses to learn about the world as well as exploration of the organ systems within the human body. Science activities are hands-on explorations, and include: making nerve cells, using prisms to create rainbows, building noisemakers, designing ears, and constructing models of the heart and lungs.
Library In Kindergarten
(One 45-minute class per week) When Kindergarteners visit the library, the librarian reads a variety of stories on a single theme with an eye to diversity of content, characters, and style. Discussions focus on making connections between the book and students’ own lives, other books, and their world. Children have an opportunity to choose books from the collection and share them with each other in the library or ask a librarian or teacher to read to them.
Music in Kindergarten
(Two 30-minute classes each week.) Kindergarten students continue their exploration of and immersion in a wide variety of musical experiences including singing, dancing, listening and playing age-appropriate rhythm instruments, among many others. Students will continue to be exposed to the tremendous cultural diversity in music, learning more songs in different languages and listening to selections from different cultures. As the year progresses, students will become familiar and comfortable with new musical concepts and terms such as same/different, verse/refrain, piano/forte, do-re-mi, etc. For several weeks in the winter, students will participate in acting out The Carnival of the Animals by Camille Saint-Saens with costumes, props and musical accompaniment. As in the other grades, repertoire is prepared for once-per-cycle lower school assemblies as well as holidays and special events including Thanksgiving, Winter Holiday, Black History, May Day and Closing Day.
Movement Education in Kindergarten
(Two 30-minutes classes per week.) Movement Education in Beginners and Kindergarten helps children to develop personally, socially and cognitively through a variety of movement activities. Students are presented with various locomotor, non-locomotor and manipulative skills, and are introduced to movement concepts that incorporate spatial awareness, levels, and patterns. Students also learn about the importance of being physically active and begin to recognize physiological signs associated with participation in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (e.g., sweating, fast heart rate, and heavy breathing). In our classes, we focus on the importance of having rules and playing fair and begin to apply them with little or no reinforcement. Students are encouraged to participate, explore, and have fun in a safe, non-competitive, and respectful environment.
Art In Kindergarten
Children are offered various art projects in their classroom and use a wide variety of media, such as tempera paints, watercolors, clay, wood, and collage/recycled materials. Art areas are set up in classrooms to provide students with opportunities for exploration, experimentation, and self-expression. Students learn and practice different artistic techniques. Our curriculum, as well as children’s experiences, provide the subject matter for much of their work. Through hands-on activities, classroom teachers help children build skills and develop a passion and respect for art.
Kindergartners in the Lower School Community
The entire Lower School (Beginners to Grade IV) meets together in the Assembly Hall for a 40-minute assembly on each Day 3. The music component of assemblies includes community singing, performances by Shady Hill students, and performances by outside musical groups. Music at the assembly extends the music curriculum and deepens students’ understanding of music as cultural expression. Classroom sharing is also an important aspect of assemblies. The emphasis is on sharing works-in-progress from all areas of the Lower School. Preparation for sharing is part of the learning process and sharing in front of a larger group in a safe, supportive environment helps children develop confidence in projecting their voices and effectively presenting their work. Sometimes assemblies are used for performances, such as class productions, Visiting Artist performances, or other outside performers or speakers. Outside presenters come from the arts, sciences, and humanities and make a connection to the wider world.
List of 11 members.
Bank Street College of Education - M.Ed.
Elizabeth J Anderson
Williams College - B.A. Lesley University - M.Ed. TTC '86
Tutor and Kindergarten Literacy Specialist
Wesleyan University - B.A. Bank Street College of Education - M.Ed.
Wheelock College - B.S. Simmons College - M.A.
Physical Education Teacher
Keene State University - Bachelor's Keene State University - M.Ed.
Maternity Leave Reading Teacher
Northwestern University - BA Loyola University of Chicago - MSW West Virginia University - M.Ed.
Vassar College - B.A. U. Washington - M.A.
Tracy C Polte
Science Department Chair
Princeton University - B.A. Lesley University - M.Ed.
Brandeis University - B.A. Simmons College - M.L.S.
Oberlin College - B.A. Lesley University - M.Ed. Shady Hill School
Physical Education Teacher
University of Maine - B.S. University of New England - M.Ed.
This is more than a school — it's a beginning. If Shady Hill is the right place for your child, there's no better place to start.
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The best rule of thumb in nature is “look, don’t touch,” because sometimes the most innocent-looking animals can carry truly menacing toxins.
You’re probably familiar with a staggering variety of animals that can immobilize a grown human with a single bite or sting. There’s the King Cobra, which can down an elephant with just 7 ml of its venom. There’s the tarantula hawk, a monstrous black wasp whose sting that can render its victims nearly catatonic with pain. There’s the entire family of poison dart frogs whose vibrant colors warn predators of their deadly toxins.
But there are a few species of animals who don’t advertise the fact that they are poisonous or venomous.
For example, few people would expect a bird to be packing serious poisons, but there are a few avian species that arm themselves with toxins collected from their diet. The spur-winged goose munches on blister beetles, which produce cantharidin, a toxin lethal to humans. Instead of succumbing to this toxic diet, the goose sequesters the toxins into its tissues. As it happens, miniscule amounts of cantharidin also have a swelling effect on the urinary tract when topically applied, and were used as an aphrodisiac since ancient times.
Photo credit: markaharper1/Flickr (CC BY-SA 2.0)
The Pitohui birds of New Guinea contain poisons in their feathers and skin, making them even more immediately dangerous — even licking these birds will cause a predator to ingest the poison. These birds from New Guinea accumulate batrachotoxin, the same type produced by certain poison dart frogs and used by Colombian tribes to coat arrow-tips. If you try petting these birds’ vibrant feathers, you’ll feel numbness and tingling. In higher doses, the toxin causes instantaneous nerve paralysis.
Photo credit: Brisbane City Council / Flickr (CC BY 2.0)
Our fellow furry mammals are no less innocent. Not only do a few species produce toxins, but they can also deliver these toxins directly into the bloodstream of their victims. For instance, male platypuses use the spurs on their hindlimbs to administer an incapacitating venom. The spurs jump into overdrive during mating season, so the males are believed to sting rival males. The venom isn’t lethal, but the pain can last for weeks and won’t even abate with morphine.
You’ve probably seen that adorable video of a slow loris appearing to enjoy a thorough tickle session from its owner, but that impression couldn’t be further from the truth. These cuddly-looking primates actually loathe being tickled, and they respond by raising their arms in order to stimulate venomous glands in their armpits. Once they lick these glands to mix the secretion with saliva, their bite is armed with a toxin that induces anaphylactic shock. Before leaving their offspring alone to obtain food, slow loris mothers will also lick their babies to give them a noxious but protective coat.
Photo credit: pet/Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 3.0)
One of the strongest known venoms comes from an unexpected source. The agent of this deadly toxin is the deceptively charming cone snail. Snails enjoy an innocuous reputation as mild, passive critters no more harmful than the leaves they crawl on. But the marine cone snail is an efficient killing machine, armed with a harpoon-like tongue that it can shoot out to inject its lethal conotoxins. These protein-based substances have a paralytic effect strong enough that many researchers are attempting to develop painkillers based on their chemical structure. What makes these snails particularly lethal is their alluring, intricately decorated shells. If an inexperienced snorkeler tries to pick one up to add to her collection, she’ll be rewarded with a sting loaded up with a cocktail of up to 100 different conotoxins, each uniquely designed to hijack her nervous system. The geographic cone snail is the deadliest species, with 30 human fatalities under its belt.
These examples of surprisingly lethal animals just prove that the natural world is full of deadly delights. Don’t let the humdrum appearances and reputations of these species lull you into complacency — their poisons pack a powerful punch.
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Howto: teaching argumentative essay writing 1 topic choice when teaching a persuasive essay, you should make sure your students are clear on its purpose – to save hours of lesson preparation time with the entire busyteacher library hidden trap door in the middle of the forest leads women to find the. In this lesson you will learn how to demonstrate an understanding of the text by planning logical reasoning and using relevant evidence. How to write an argumentative essay building an argument takes planning, skill, and a good topic this engaging video demonstrates with clever illustrations. Oakland schools led the development of the maisa ela common core-aligned units of study that were piloted and reviewed by teachers statewide. Students can mistake argument for opinion, writing papers that are subjective students too often rely on structures that they learned in high school (for they will gain knowledge and discover new contexts for their ideas.
Unit plan: detailed lesson plans guide you through 5 days of direct instruction the lessons and sample essays set a pretty high bar for middle school writers. Lesson plans we know students in the middle grades can make an argument to throw a pizza party, (photo from the middle school mouth. Teaching argumentative writing to your middle school and high school students can be so hard to grade all the essays, or they simply don't know how to teach writing and wanted to provide them with more concrete writing lessons subscribe to get your free english language arts sub plans. The most important argumentative essay writing tips have to do with selecting argumentative essay writing tips are more or less a dime a dozen when it comes .
Description: this lesson can be used to teach the beginning stages of argument to high school or college level english composition classes students use their. How to write an argumentative essay - planning info this series is particularly relevant to secondary school students struggling with their english curriculum. Lesson plan: author: john mallick, john sevier middle school, 75% for the 2nd day – argumentative essay on the bill of rights using the.
Persuasive essays for high school students - quality and affordable paper to evidence-based argument lesson plans and teaching resources - free english. In this lesson, students will write persuasive paragraphs and essays (example: students should wear uniforms to school if they are undecided, they put an x in the middle) next, the teacher asks students to write down three reasons why. After hearing him speak about teaching argumentative writing to memorized his books and apply many of his ideas on a daily basis there are also more topics to argue about than whether a school should adopt school uniforms logical, organized argumentative essay, the steps in getting them to. Consider using resources from the readwritethink lesson plan argument, they will write an essay about its effectiveness and why it is still famous after all.
Jenna camponelli, louis l redding middle school the subsequent acquisition lessons teach grade 6 standards for reading and writing acquisition lesson plan concept: synthesize information from reading and assessment prompt #2: draft the introduction for an argumentative essay for or against aquariums. Educator resources • lesson plans / student activities the ability to a concise explanation of argumentative essays from the purdue online writing lab. Writing genres: model persuasive lessons (michael j, high school teacher) 3rd-12th grade teachers join us to discuss research-based ideas that teach too often, persuasive writing lessons are taught only by our language arts teachers, to try out some of the voice techniques they found in mowatt's essay on snow.
Our persuasive essay and speech topics are designed to spark critical thinking and can be modified for students in elementary, middle and high school. The lessons take them through the process of writing two persuasive essays: one supporting the rule and one opposing it decision to see how these arguments relate to issues of freedom of speech in schools lesson plan this lesson teaches them to start their outlines from the middle, then shows them how to add . This lesson will help students map out their argument essay after they have identified a topic. Pearson lesson plan database for teachers essay scorer-write-to-learn common core narrative writing grades k-high school informational, fiction & non-fiction, narrative, poetry, persuasive, argument essay, memoirs, research, etc.
Evidence-based argument lesson plans and teaching resources - free this 3- page handout asks middle school students to read an article, respond, and words in context and write their own persuasive essay using transition words. Our essay topic: “should mcdonald's be held responsible for their consumers' any middle school teacher can tell you that one of the most difficult things to this one is a step-by-step lesson plan of a trial for theft and was. On these pages you will find ideas for classroom activities which involve writing author: jo budden helping students organise argument essays hide tags.
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This is an amazing bundle to help meet all aspects of common core addition for 1st grade. This bundle starts with kindergarten level addition and moves into second grade level. There are tons of different types of methods to approach addition.
This bundle includes:
putting numbers together using "and"
introduction of the plus sign
introduction of the minus sign
making ten to add three numbers
using the number line
using doubles to add three numbers
using subtraction to check addition
find the missing number
word problems that ask students to use manipulatives
word problems that ask students to create number sentences
multiple choice word problems
find the true number sentence multiple choice
3 addition centers
All backgrounds are from The Hazel Owl
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If you can think of a way to make this product better, please let me know. I would love to use your opinion to make my next work better!
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Regular expressions are extremely useful in extracting information from text such as code, log files, spreadsheets, or even documents. And while there is a lot of theory behind formal languages, the following lessons and examples will explore the more practical uses of regular expressions so that you can use them as quickly as possible.
The techniques and tools covered in RegexOne: Learn Regular Expressions are most similar to the requirements found in Data Analyst job advertisements.
Similarity Scores (Out of 100)
Coursera - University of Pennsylvania
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- Created 2012-02-23
; the proportions of zinc and copper can be varied to create a range of brasses with varying properties.
is principally an alloy of copper and
. Bronze does not necessarily contain tin, and a variety of alloys of copper, including alloys with
, are commonly termed "bronze". The term is applied to a variety of brasses and the distinction is largely historical, both terms having a common antecedent in the term
Brass is a substitutional alloy. It is used for decoration for its bright gold-like appearance; for applications where low
is required such as locks, gears, bearings,
casings and valves; for plumbing and electrical applications; and extensively in
such as horns and bells for its acoustic properties. It is also used in
s. Brass is often used in situations where it is important that
s not be struck, as in fittings and tools around explosive gases.
from Wikipedia (last updated: 16 June), licensed under
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Describe the jobs of the workers who would be considered \”indirect labor\” in the making of this product.
Product Cost and Job Costing Vs. Process Costing
Go to www.youtube.com and search for clips from the show Unwrapped on Food Network or How It\’s Made on the Discovery Channel. Watch a clip for a product you find interesting.
Submit a typed report and answer the following questions:
1. Copy and paste the Youtube link to the clips of your choice.
2. Describe the product that is being produced and the company that makes it.
3. Summarize the production process that is used in making this product.
4. What raw materials are used to make this product(s).
5. What are indirect materials are used to make this product?
6. Describe the jobs of the workers who would be considered \”direct labor\” in the making of this product.
7. Describe the jobs of the workers who would be considered \”indirect labor\” in the making of this product.
8. Define Manufacturing Overhead (MOH)? In addition to the indirect materials and indirect labor previously described, what other MOH costs would be incurred in this production process? Be specific and thorough. Make reasonable \”guesses\” if you do not know for sure.
9. Would a job-order costing system or a process costing system be used for this production process? Give specific reasons for your choice of which costing system would be most appropriate for this manufacturer.
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Diabetes is a disorder and it is characterized by the excess amount of blood sugar or blood glucose. This is due to lack of insulin hormone in the body or it is due to the insulin that present in the body was not absorbed by the body. In existence there are basically two types of diabetes they are ‘Type 1 diabetes’ which also called insulin dependent diabetes. This should generally affect teenagers and children. The other is ‘Type 2 diabetes’ which also called as non-insulin dependent diabetes and this affects adults. If it leaves untreated then there is a possibility of damaging glucose levels, also blood vessels and this leads to poising health problems. Diabetes has become a very common health problem.
Common Causes of Diabetes:
- High blood pressure
- Insulin deficiency
- High cholesterol
- Insulin resistance
- Due to pancreatitis
- Having family history of diabetes
- Eating an unbalanced diet
- Consuming of two much sugar, fats, carbohydrates and proteins
- Emotional stress
- Certain virus infections like Coxsackie B virus
- Due to age.
The common diabetes symptoms are weight loss (even you are eating excess), fatigue, increased urination, cuts and bruises become slow to heal, blurred vision and excessive thrust. There are a number of natural remedies for diabetes that helps you to control your blood sugar levels. Diabetes is not only a disease, it’s also a fast-growing and adoptable by many of people. Also, there are having numerous treatment options available to keep your sugar levels in control, these home remedies can achieving the same task.
Natural Remedies For Diabetes:
1. Bitter Gaurd:
The bitter guard can help for controlling diabetes because of its blood glucose controlling effect. This bitter guard is also known as bitter melon and this tends to increase the metabolism level all over the body instead than an organ or tissue. Its helps increase secretion of pancreatic insulin. Hence bitter guard is beneficial for both type 2 and type 1 diabetes. However, it can be a great diabetic diet for people suffering from diabetes.
- Drink some bitter guard juice on early hours of the morning with empty stomach. For this juice, firstly take two to three bitter guards and remove the seeds of them, use a juicer to convert those into juice form. Add a small portion of water and have it. Repeat this treatment in the morning at least for two months.
Okra consists of polyphenolic molecules that help to reduce blood glucose levels and control diabetes. The study of Pharmacy and Bioallied sciences found that okra peel powder and seeds have anti-diabetic and anti-hyperlipidemic potentials. This okra having another name which is commonly used for cooking purpose called ladies finger.
- Cut the ends of okra (ladies finger) and prick it by using a fork at several places. Soak the okras in a medium sized bowl filling with water and leave it for the whole night. Discard the okras in the morning and have it with water on empty stomach. Adopt this process for several weeks
- It’s best to include the okras in your regular food diet.
Fenugreek, a herb that can be used to control diabetes, also improves glucose and blood sugar lowering. It’s due to hypoglycaemic activity. This stimulates the glucose-dependent insulin. Being rich in fiber, it slowdowns the absorption of consumption of sugar and carbohydrates.
- Soak 2 tablespoons of fenugreek seeds in water complete night. Have the seeds in the morning along with a glass of water on empty stomach. Continue this remedy without fail for few months till glucose levels cut down.
- Another option is to eat 2 tablespoons powdered of fenugreek seeds daily with milk.
Cinnamon has the ability to control and regulates the blood sugar by stimulating insulin activity. It having the bio active components that prevent and fight against diabetes. However, cinnamon should not be taken excess because this cinnamon contains a special compound called coumarin which is a toxic compound that major cause of liver damage.
- Mix 1 ½ teaspoon of cinnamon with warm water served in a bowl and drink it daily.
- Another method is to boil three to five cinnamon sticks in a cup of water and allow sleeping up to 20 minutes. Finally drink this solution daily till you see improvement.
- You can also add cinnamon to little warm beverages, baked goods, and smoothies.
Aloe vera, this helps to lower and also controls the blood glucose levels. This gel contains phytosterols content that having anti-hyperglycemic effect for type 2 diabetes. The combination of bay leaves, aloe vera gel and turmeric helps to control sugar levels. For making this herbal medicine.
- Take ½ teaspoon of bay leaves powder and turmeric powder. Take 1 tablespoon of aloe vera gel and mix all three ingredients in a bowl
- Consume it twice in a day, before lunch and dinner.
6. Curry Leaves:
These curry leaves are very useful in controlling diabetes, whereas they have anti-diabetic properties. It has a belief that these curry leaves is contained an ingredient that controls the rate of starch and broke down glucose content in diabetes.
- You can simply chew nearly about 8 to 12 fresh curry leaves in the early hours of the morning. For getting, best benefits continue this for at least 3 months
- It also helps for reducing the obesity and high cholesterol.
7. Mango Leaves:
The tender and delicate mango leaves should be used to treat diabetes by regulating or controlling insulin levels in the blood. This also improves profiles of blood lipids.
- Soak 10 to 12 mango leaves in a glass of water for the complete night. In the morning before you drink it on empty stomach filter the water and have it.
- You can also let the leaves to dry in a dust free zone and grind them. Daily eat ½ teaspoon of that powdered mango leaves twice for a better result.
8. India Black-Berry (Jambul) Or Black Plum:
Jamul or black plum is also called as jamun. This plays a major role in controlling blood sugar levels due to its anthocyanins, hydrolysable tannins, ellagic etc. each and every part of the jambul plant such as leaves, seeds, and berry can be used for those who are suffering from diabetes. Many of research proved that seeds and fruits of this particular plant exist hypoglycemic effect which helps to reduce urine and blood sugar levels. Whenever this seasonal fruit available in the market then try to include that into your regular diet which is very effective for the pancreas.
- Take some of the seeds of jambul, make them into a fine powder and have that powder with water 2 times in a day.
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Amazing critters are thriving in the Lafayette River, an urban waterway entirely within Norfolk city limits. The great variety of life found on a recent biological survey of the Lafayette River is one more sign that this once-polluted river is getting better.
In mid-September scientists from the Chesapeake Bay Foundation and Elizabeth River Project (ERP) observed both common species such blue crabs, oysters, speckled trout, and spot, as well as a host of more unusual creatures including squid, sea robins, mantis shrimp, brown shrimp, and a southern stingray. These were all caught in an otter trawl net used to survey life at 10 different sites along the Lafayette River and Wayne's Creek.
Long on Virginia's impaired waters list, a watershed-wide restoration effort is helping bring back the Lafayette. In the past, the river supported fewer species in less numbers, but it is now on course to becoming a healthy river that is home to more abundant wildlife in both species and numbers.
The revitalization of this waterway has included restoring dozens of acres oyster reefs that provide important habitat for a variety of species, construction of rain gardens and living shorelines throughout the watershed, and public education efforts aimed at spurring citizen actions that improve habitat in and around the river.
The biological surveys have been ongoing twice a year for about eight years as part of an effort to gauge river's response to these actions. Information collected by scientists include the location, size, and number of each species collected along with information on water quality.
The improvements on the Lafayette are thanks to generous grant funding and a collaborative effort among CBF and ERP, the City of Norfolk, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Restore America's Estuaries, the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, and the Army Corps of Engineers.
Check out our Facebook Photo Album of our Lafayette River survey below!
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To make alphabets solidenclose within. You can adjust the line spacing thickness color borders.
Cursive Lowercase Letter Tracing Worksheets Cursive Writing Worksheets Cursive Letters Worksheet Cursive Handwriting Worksheets
Cursive Handwriting Practice Worksheets A-Z Practice cursive letters A-Z with our cursive handwriting worksheets.
Dotted cursive handwriting worksheets. Ad Download over 20000 K-8 worksheets covering math reading social studies and more. This technology is the easiest and fastest way to make quality practice materials. These worksheets contain dotted alphabet letters both lower case and capitals.
Of all crucial ideas sitting vertical and suitable. Handwriting and letter formation writing sentence practice for each letter of the alphabet in the correct font for your State or TerritoryThis pack is suitable for Victoria WA and the NT and is typed in Vic Modern Cursive sitting on dotted thirds linesEach worksheet has an individual letter focus. The Cursive Tracing Worksheets can assist them in this way.
Print our free cursive alphabet tracing worksheet with dotted lines in pdf printable format with A-Z cursive letters and practise your handwriting skills. An online handwriting worksheet generator to make your own custom printable handwriting practice worksheets for cursive writing. Download FREE Non-Commercial Fonts for.
Type your content and change letter size color and line color. Free A-Z Lowercase Cursive Handwriting Worksheets. Download individually or the whole set at once.
Free QLD Modern Cursive Font Handwriting Worksheets for Parents 179030. Check it for free with Typograph. Free A-Z Cursive Lowercase Letters Worksheets.
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Our free printable handwriting worksheets provide practice writing cursive letters words and sentences. Download Abc Cursive Arrow Dotted – Font-DB. Free fonts often have not all characters and signs and have no kerning pairs Avenue A venue Tea T ea.
We have prepared worksheets with individual letters for your practice. Benefits of handwriting practice include increased brain activation and improved performance across all. Discover learning games guided lessons and other interactive activities for children.
Ad Download over 20000 K-8 worksheets covering math reading social studies and more. Learn handwriting and penmanship with our cursive writing worksheets. Free printable cursive writing worksheets teach how to write in cursive handwriting.
Start out with phrases and then steadily transfer up to phrases. Currently i use for straight css and for cross line svg. Making use of one finger space strategy can help them result in neatness with their operate.
There are also many empty boxes for you to write the letter on your own. Teaching kids to form cursive letters. 10032021 dotted straight lines for writing practice.
School fonts and handwriting fonts for Queensland schools and teachers 179031. Print on variety of paper formats like A3 A4 A5 Letter Size and any custom size of your choice. Dotted Handwriting Font The Best Handwriting Worksheet Generator.
Education Queensland Worksheets Worksheets. From A to the mysterious cursive Z youll be an expert cursive writer when youre done. Each worksheet shows the letter formation as well as dotted letters for you to trace on.
Make stunning PRINT handwriting practice worksheets using basic Print Style Letters. These free cursive practice sheets are prefect for. Custom download and print.
Practicing difficult letters like cursive f or cursive z. Here only a is dotted. Choose the font style which matches the one used at your childs school.
Dotted Alphabet Worksheets – Cursive Writing. 57 Professional Cursive Handwriting With Dotted Fonts to Download. Discover learning games guided lessons and other interactive activities for children.
Print out individual letter worksheets or assemble them all. If you want to create professional printout you should consider a commercial font. With many children the teachers or maybe the parents let them use various writing utensils in.
Use publications and worksheets specifically designed to help kids build Cursive Alphabet Dotted Lines writing in kids. Free printable dotted numbers worksheet Trials Ireland 91155 dot to dot handwriting worksheets tagn 91156 Printable dot to dot name tracing Download them or print 91157. They are going to become great at whatever they are going to do and they can find that they could write inside a better way.
These are great for keeping around the classroom or study room at home.
Pin On Weather Storms Science Umbrella Theme
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Cursive Lowercase Letter Tracing Worksheets Cursive Handwriting Worksheets Cursive Writing Worksheets Cursive Worksheets
Gallery of Best Dotted Cursive Handwriting Worksheets
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You know the steps for keeping your teeth healthy. You need to brush, floss, and make sure you get to your dentist for those checkups and cleanings. While you already know how important your oral health is, you may not realize that your dental health is tied to your overall health, too.
Dental Health and Overall Health
What’s the main connection between your dental health and your overall health? Oral bacteria. Your mouth is full of bacteria, which is normal, and routine oral hygiene practices and your body’s immune system works to control bacteria growth in the mouth. However, lack of good oral hygiene can allow that oral bacteria to multiply until the overgrowth is resulting in tooth decay, gum disease, and other types of oral infections.
Unfortunately, that oral bacteria and the inflammation that can come along with gum disease is linked to a greater risk of certain health problems. Certain diseases may lower the body’s ability to resist infections as well, which can result in oral health problems. There’s no doubt – your dental health and oral health are linked.
Health Conditions Linked to Your Dental Health
Studies have shown that your dental health can increase the risk of many different diseases and conditions. One study suggested that knee arthritis and other types of arthritis could be linked to the presence of oral bacteria. In tests done on the fluid in knee joints, oral and gum bacteria was found in this joint fluid. If oral bacteria gets in your joints, it has the ability to make problems with arthritis even worse.
There’s a lot of evidence pointing to a link between oral bacteria and heart disease. Multiple studies have found that there’s a link between inflammation and infections that are caused by the bacteria in the mouth and clogged arteries, heart disease, and strokes. Patients with gum disease have been found to have a higher risk of heart disease. The bacteria from the mouth may also cause endocarditis, a type of infection that occurs in the inner lining of the heart.
Even respiratory illnesses may be linked to oral bacteria. Breath in bacteria from the mouth and it could get into the lungs, resulting in respiratory problems like pneumonia. For people already struggling with chronic lung problems, these conditions may be made worth by oral bacteria that finds its way into the airways.
On the other hand, certain medical conditions can have an impact on your dental health as well. Diabetes can impair blood flow and change blood vessels in the mouth, weakening gum tissue and increasing the risk of developing gum disease. When diabetics do not keep blood glucose level under control, it can result in an increased number of bacteria within the oral cavity.
How to Improve Dental and Overall Health
Taking care of your dental health is an important part of caring for your overall health. What can you do to improve both your dental and overall health? The following tips can help.
- Tip #1 – Make sure you are flossing your teeth a minimum of once daily
- Tip #2 – Teeth should be brushed at least twice a day
- Tip #3 – Limit snacking between meals
- Tip #4 – Eat for oral and overall health, choosing a healthy diet and reducing your sugar intake
- Tip #5 – Be sure to head to your dentist for those routine checkups and dental cleanings at least twice a year
- Tip #6 – Replace your toothbrush every three months, or as soon as the bristles on the brush become bent and frayed
- Tip #7 – Stop smoking and using other types of tobacco products
Good dental health isn’t just important for a beautiful smile, it’s important to your overall health. Make sure that you have any dental problems taken care of immediately so you reduce your risk of other health complications. If you have medical problems like diabetes, inform your Jacksonville, Florida dentist so she can help you craft the best plan to keep your dental health and overall health in great shape.
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By Liana Jacob
THE INCREDIBLE journey of America’s famous runaway slave Frederick Douglass whose life was transformed after his two-year tour of Victorian Britain is illustrated in a new biographical book.
Vintage portraits include Hans Christian Andersen, author of the Little Mermaid, who Frederick spent time with in London and children’s author Charles Dickens, who admired Frederick’s work.
Another portrait shows Scottish poet Robert Burns, who Frederick greatly admired and a visual of himself in 1862.
Another picture reveals the ‘last moments’ of American abolitionist, John Brown, when he kissed an African-American child whilst being escorted out of jail under heavy guard.
The fascinating photos are part of a biographical book called ‘I Was Transformed’ Frederick Douglass: An American Slave in Victorian Britain by writer and editor, Laurence Fenton. It is published by Amberley Publishing.
“Tall, strong and – most importantly – black, Frederick Douglass, the twenty-seven-year-old runaway slave recently catapulted to fame by the publication of his incendiary autobiography stood out among the crowd of passengers pressed against the railings of the Cambria on the afternoon of Saturday, 16 August 1845,” Laurence said.
“He was sailing from Boston to Liverpool, having been advised to leave the country until the furore over his book, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, died down.”
His autobiography attracted a lot of attention from abolitionists and the book became a bestseller and was instrumental in promoting the cause of abolition.
He became the first African-American nominated for Vice President of the United States as the running candidate and Vice-Presidential nominee of Victoria Woodhull, on the Equal Rights Party ticket.
He set sail on the Cambria to Liverpool on August 16, 1845, and travelled to Ireland during the Irish Potato Famine and he was said to have felt free from the American racial discrimination.
“The large number of supporters gathered to see him off singing and cheering until the sound of the ship’s bell rang out loud across the harbour, the good spirits giving way to tears and a final frantic clasping of hands,” Laurence said.
“Britain, indeed, held a special place in the minds of American abolitionists, having long led the way in the movement to abolish the international slave trade, one of the first great milestones of which was the passage of legislation banning British vessels from the trade in 1807, the result of a decades-long campaign headed by storied figures like William Wilberforce and Thomas Clarkson.
“In what was seen as another mighty moral gesture – one that placed the iniquity of America’s continued slaveholding in ever-starker relief – it had also abolished slavery in the British West Indies in 1833, a move that freed more than 800,000 slaves.”
I Was Transformed is published by Amberley Publishing and is available here: https://www.amberley-books.com/i-was-transformed-frederick-douglass.html
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The Longfinned Eel has well developed pectoral fins, a broad head, and a large mouth with fleshy lips. It can be distinguished from the similar-looking Shortfinned Eel, Anguilla australis, by the length of the dorsal fin. The dorsal fin origin of the Longfinned Eel is well forward of the anal fin origin, whereas the dorsal fin origin of the Shortfinned Eel is above the anal fin origin. The two species also differ in dentition and colouration. The Longfinned Eel usually has olive or brown blotches above and on the sides, fading to pale on the belly. The median fins are brown and the pectoral fins are often yellowish. The Shortfinned Eel is usually a uniform colour and does not have a blotched pattern.
Landlocked Longfin Eels (those that cannot return to sea, due to physical barriers) can grow to 3 m in length and weigh 22 kg. The species is usually seen at much smaller sizes than this, often about 1m. Males are smaller than females.
Australian Longfinned Eel, Conger Eel, Freshwater Eel, Marbled Eel, River Eel, Spotted Eel
No sightings currently exist here.
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This Culture Tree lesson plan also includes:
- Join to access all included materials
Students identify the cultural groups that they belong to or that they admire and the ways in which these cultural groups shape their thinking and beliefs. They complete "The Culture Tree" hand out and discuss it with other classmates.
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Physicists argue that for the first time they were able to construct an elementary quantum network based on Photonews interface between two separate atoms. The network consists of two nodes, each of which can send, receive and store information, communicating with a single photon by 60-meter fiber-optic cable.
In the first prototype network of scientists at the Institute for Quantum Optics at the Max Planck used the two atoms of rubidium, placed into the recesses between the two closely spaced from each other mirrors. Getting into the groove, the photon is reflected from the mirror repeatedly, actively interacting with the atom. The capture of an atom at the desired point was done with a finely tuned laser beams. After this, the authors of the project reached a controlled emission of individual photons trapped atom, which helped to learn by these photons to transmit coded information, writes TGDaily.com.
Head of research team Dr. Stefan Ritter , said:
“We were able to show that quantum states can be transmitted much more efficiently than with any of the standard means of communication.”
Scientists have also succeeded in creating the effect of the so-called “quantum entanglement” between two nodes that provide communications, in which the properties of two objects is directly dependent on each other, where these objects are. The polarization of a photon emitted by an atom A, linked to a quantum state of the atom. When the photon is absorbed by atom B, it is passed to the matching of atom A.
“We have implemented the first prototype of a quantum network. We have reached a bilateral exchange of quantum information between nodes. Moreover, we can generate the matching between two nodes and to maintain this state for about 100 microseconds, while the linking of the generation itself takes only a microsecond. Matching of the two systems, separated by great distances, is in itself a remarkable phenomenon. It can also serve as the basis for the teleportation of quantum information technologies “, – said the project Dr. Ritter.
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ERIC Number: ED355124
Record Type: Non-Journal
Publication Date: 1992
Reference Count: N/A
The Wonderful World of Mathematics: A Critically Annotated List of Children's Books in Mathematics.
Thiessen, Diane, Ed.; Matthias, Margaret, Ed.
The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) has articulated goals in the pursuit of mathematics literacy that include learning to value mathematics, becoming confident in one's mathematics abilities, becoming a mathematical problem solver, learning to communicate mathematically, and learning to reason mathematically. Literature that explores mathematical concepts seems to be a natural tool for attaining those goals. The NCTM formed a committee to read and review books and to prepare the manuscript for this annotated bibliography of children's books in mathematics. This book provides reviews for approximately 500 books in mathematics for preschool through grade 6. Each review describes the book's content and accuracy, its illustrations and their appropriateness, the author's writing style, and whether activities for the reader are included. Each book is rated in terms of its usefulness in teaching mathematical concepts as highly recommended, recommended, acceptable, or not recommended for mathematical concepts. The grade level of each book is included in the bibliographical entry. The books have been classified into four main categories with respect to their mathematical content: (1) early number concepts; (2) number extensions and connections; (3) measurement; and (4) geometry and spatial sense. An overview for each of the categories can be found at the beginning of each section. Two indexes list the books by author and by title. (MDH)
Descriptors: Annotated Bibliographies, Childrens Literature, Elementary Education, Geometric Concepts, Instructional Materials, Literature Reviews, Mathematical Concepts, Mathematics Education, Mathematics Instruction, Mathematics Materials, Measurement, Number Concepts, Preschool Education, Resource Materials, Spatial Ability, Supplementary Reading Materials
National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, 1906 Association Drive, Reston, VA 22091-1593.
Publication Type: Reference Materials - Bibliographies
Education Level: N/A
Audience: Teachers; Practitioners
Authoring Institution: National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, Inc., Reston, VA.
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The Physics Factbook
Edited by Glenn Elert -- Written by his students
An educational, Fair Use website
topic index | author index | special index
|Neff, Robert F. & Zitewitz, Paul W. Physics, Principles and Problems. New York: Glencoe, 1995: 159.||"Mass of the Earth 5.979 × 1024 kg
Radius of the Earth 6.3713 × 103 km"
|Compton's Interactive Encyclopedia. Compton's, 1995.||"They divide the mass of the Earth by the volume, which gives the average density of the material in the earth as 3.2 ounces per cubic inch (5.5 g/cm3)."||5.5 g/cm3|
|Orbits Voyage Through The Solar System. Phoenix, AZ: Software Marketing, 1989.||"Mean Density: (water = 1) 5.52."||5.52 g/cm3|
|Morse, Joseph Laffan. Funk & Wagnalls Standard Reference Encyclopedia. New York: Standard Reference Works, 1967: 2934.||"The average density of the planet [Earth] is 5.52"||5.52 g/cm3|
|Hamilton, Calvin J. Earth Introduction. Views of the Solar System.||"Mean density (g/cm3) 5.515."||5.515 g/cm3|
The density of the Earth is higher than that of any other planet in our solar system. Sources vary when it comes to the density of the Earth. All the numbers that were provided are so close to each other, however, that they can each be considered valid. Some assorted numbers given would be: 5.5, 5.52, and 5.15 g/cm3 (estimations that are made can change the outcome of a calculation).
Density is found by dividing the mass by the volume (ρ = m/V). A scientist named Henry Cavendish is known for calculating the mass (and then density) of the Earth. Cavendish assembled an apparatus that consisted of a suspended metal rod with two lead balls hanging from it. He placed masses of metal near these balls in order to measure the force of attraction between them. Correspondingly, he could then find the attraction on a mass the size of the Earth and then determine its density. This famous procedure is known as the Cavendish Experiment.
In order to find the volume of the Earth you need more information than just the volume of a sphere formula. This formula (4/3πr3) requires the radius of the Earth. The diameter of the Earth at the equator is 7926.68 miles (or 12756.75 km). Now, to find the radius, divide the diameter by 2 (because any radius is exactly half of its diameter).
The mass of the Earth is found to be 6 sextillion, 587 quintillion short tons (or 5.98 × 1021 metric tons). Since the Earth is a sphere, the formula 4/3πr3 is used to find the volume. The volume of the Earth is considered to be 1.08 × 1012 km3 (or 2.5988 × 1011 miles3).
I also calculated numbers for the density of the Earth. I knew the mass of the Earth in grams is 5.979 × 1027. Also, the radius in centimeters is 6.3713 × 108. I plugged this information into the 4/3πr3 formula in order to find the volume. I got the answer 1.084227366 × 1027 cm3. I then divided the volume into the mass and got 5.519 g/cm3 as the density of the Earth.
Since the Earth's mass is so great, it makes a gravity that compresses it more than every other kind of inner planet. The Earth actually lacks all the huge "vapor envelopes" of the gas giants, so almost all of the matter on our planet consists of heavy solids. This is what makes Earth have the highest average density compared to any other planet in the solar system.
Katherine Malfucci -- 2000
|Another quality webpage by
|home | contact
bent | chaos | eworld | facts | physics
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Asked in Paleontology
What major event in earths history began about 225 million years ago?
the major event that in earth's history began about 225 million years ago was that pangaea began to break apart ...
Asked in Geology, Paleontology, Earth Sciences
Is a logical evolutionary analog of the East African Rift an event that began about 20 million years ago?
The red sea formed when the Arabian peninsula rifted from Africa, an event that began about 20 million years ago. ...
Asked in Continents, Pangaea Supercontinent
Is the pieces of the super-continent Pangaea began to drift apart about 255 million years ago?
No. The rifting of Pangaea began in the Jurassic period about 180 million years ago. ...
Asked in Geology, Paleontology, Tigers
What is the length in millions of years of the Tertiary period?
The answer is 63.2 million years. Since the Tertiary Period began 65 million years ago and then stoped 1.8 million years ago you have to subtract the 1.8 million from 65 million to get the actual lenght of time. ...
Asked in Geology
What do the terms Paleozoic Mesozoic and Cenozoic mean?
Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic refer to periods in Earth's history. The Paleozoic era began 542 million years ago and ended 251 million years ago. The Mesozoic era is the age of dinosaurs and was from 245 to 66 million years ago. The Cenozoic period began 65 million years ago and continues today. ...
Asked in Dinosaurs
What was the period 65 million years ago?
The geologic period that began 66 million years ago and ended 23.03 million years ago is known as the Paleogene period. It is a common misconception that its predecessor, the Cretaceous period, was 65 million years ago; however, this is incorrect as the Cretaceous ended 66 million years ago. ...
Asked in Dinosaurs
How many million years ago was the Jurassic period?
The Jurassic period was the middle period of the Mesozoic era. It began at the end of the Triassic 199 million years ago. It ended at the beginning of the Cretaceous, 145 million years ago. ...
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Total Knee Replacement
Total knee replacement, also called total knee arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure in which the worn out or damaged surfaces of the knee joint are removed and replaced with artificial parts. The knee is made up of the femur (thigh bone), the tibia (shin bone), and patella (kneecap). The meniscus, the soft cartilage between the femur and tibia, serves as a cushion and helps absorb shock during motion.
Revision Knee Replacement
Revision knee replacement surgery involves replacing part or all your previous knee prosthesis with a new prosthesis. Although total knee replacement surgery is successful, sometimes the procedure can fail due to various reasons and require a second revision surgery.
Unicompartmental Knee Replacement
Unicompartmental knee replacement is a minimally invasive surgery in which only the damaged compartment of the knee is replaced with an implant. It is also called a partial knee replacement. The knee can be divided into three compartments: patellofemoral, the compartment in front of the knee between the knee cap and thigh bone, medial compartment, on the inside portion of the knee, and lateral compartment which is the area on the outside portion of the knee joint.
ACL Reconstruction Hamstring Tendon
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction hamstring method is a surgical procedure that replaces the injured ACL with a hamstring tendon. Anterior cruciate ligament is one of the four major ligaments of the knee that connects the femur (thigh bone) to the tibia (shin bone) and helps stabilize your knee joint. Anterior cruciate ligament prevents excessive forward movement of the lower leg bone (the tibia) in relation to the thigh bone (the femur) as well as limits rotational movements of the knee.
ACL Reconstruction Patellar Tendon
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction patellar tendon is a surgical procedure that replaces the injured ACL with a patellar tendon. Anterior cruciate ligament is one of the four major ligaments of the knee that connects the femur (thigh bone) to the tibia (shin bone) and helps stabilize the knee joint. Anterior cruciate ligament prevents excessive forward movement of the lower leg bone (tibia) in relation to the thigh bone (femur) as well as limits rotational movements of the knee.
Patellar (knee cap) instability results from one or more dislocations or partial dislocations (subluxations). Patella is the small piece of bone in front of the knee that slides up and down the femoral groove (groove in the femur bone) during bending and stretching movements.
Cartilage Repair and Transplantation
Articular Cartilage is the white tissue lining the end of bones where these bones connect to form joints. Cartilage acts as cushioning material and helps in smooth gliding of bones during movement. An injury to the joint may damage this cartilage which cannot repair on its own. Cartilage can be damaged with increasing age, normal wear and tear, or trauma. Damaged cartilage cannot cushion the joints during movement and the joints may rub over each other causing severe pain and inflammation.
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A diet that provides all the macro and micronutrients necessary for the body is a solid basis for good health – even in old age!
Especially our neurons, especially the young and first maturing brain cells in the hippocampus, need the right building materials, nutrients and protective substances so that they can develop and become functional. But what special substances are these and does our diet still contain these components in the required dose?
Industrially produced foods, a stressful lifestyle and often unfavourable nutritional recommendations unfortunately often lead to wrong eating habits, which in turn promote chronic diseases.
The right mix of macro and micronutrients makes the brain healthy and can actually be a powerful ally in the fight against dementia.
In addition to the recommendations to consume food as fresh and unprocessed as possible, we have compiled some of the most important dietary recommendations for dementia prevention in the following sections.
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In 2008, the Department of Energy issued a challenge to homebuilders: design more efficient living spaces. Accordingly, they launched a stringent new set of criteria for energy-saving homes, designed to foster design innovation and drive new building techniques. Specifically, the DOE's Builders Challenge program focuses on the net zero home, or DOE Zero Energy Ready Home, a high-performance structure that generates at least as much energy as it pulls off the grid.
The zero net energy home, or ZNE as it's often called, represents a new era in home building, where spaces are fully integrated to save energy. All the features and pieces — solar energy utilization, passive design, efficient materials — are designed to work together to lower the household's overall energy consumption. It's resulted in some truly unique homes, equipped with innovative features that may well change the future of our home lives for good. If these designs are any predictor, here’s what you can expect in the homes of the future.
Renewable Energy Systems Will Become the Norm
The ZNE homes eligible for the DOE's Building Challenge show that the future is coming — and it will be increasingly powered by solar. ZNE homes are overwhelmingly equipped with on-site solar PV. Many of these homes are even architecturally engineered to optimize solar production, as well. They feature larger roof surfaces, southern orientations, and roofs angled to capture the maximum amount of light and heat.
Efficiency Features Will Be Built In
Homes lose a lot of energy due to inefficiencies and air leaks that release heating and cooling and make moderating temperatures more difficult. ZNEs often include reinforced insulation, such as taped, coated sheathing in the wall frames, or open-cell spray-foam cavity protection, insulated concrete slabs, and argon-filled insulated window frames. ENERGY STAR rated appliances come standard, as do EPA WaterSense plumbing features.
Electric Vehicle Charging Stations Will Be More Common
Many builders are taking energy efficiency outside the home as well. Designs will often include electric vehicle charging stations housed in the garage, an indicator of the changing future of travel, as well. With Tesla's interest in solar well documented, the futures of both renewables and electric vehicles are clearly entwined. While EV-equipped ZNEs typically sell for slightly higher premiums, the overall fuel savings is usually great enough to offset the increase in price.
Greener Materials Will Become Standard
Something homeowners need to consider when evaluating green renovations is a feature's overall environmental impact, from the raw materials that are used to the emissions and waste inherent to the manufacturing process, to the transportation and delivery, right down to air quality and health of the material once it's installed. Net zero communities often ask homeowners to agree to use VOC-free paints and materials, for instance. Or they may use exclusively formaldehyde-free wood products. They sometimes feature more eco-friendly, nontoxic alternatives to blown fiberglass insulation.
With over 14,000 net zero homes built by the DOE challenge alone, the ZNE trend doesn't seem likely to go away anytime soon. Get ready to meet the next generation of home building—one where energy efficiency is king!
Erin Vaughan is a blogger, gardener and aspiring eco-friendly homeowner. She currently resides in Austin, TX where she writes full time for Modernize, with the goal of empowering homeowners with the expert guidance and educational tools they need to take on big green home projects with confidence.
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What causes earthquakes?
The short answer is that earthquakes are caused by faulting, a sudden
lateral or vertical movement of rock along a rupture (break) surface.
Here's the longer answer: The surface of the Earth is in continuous slow motion. This is plate tectonics--the motion of immense rigid plates at the surface of the Earth in response to flow of rock within the Earth. The plates cover the entire surface of the globe. Since they are all moving they rub against each other in some places (like the San Andreas Fault in California), sink beneath each other in others (like the Peru-Chile Trench along the western border of South America), or spread apart from each other (like the Mid-Atlantic Ridge). At such places the motion isn't smooth--the plates are stuck together at the edges but the rest of each plate is continuing to move, so the rocks along the edges are distorted (what we call "strain"). As the motion continues, the strain builds up to the point where the rock cannot withstand any more bending. With a lurch, the rock breaks and the two sides move. An earthquake is the shaking that radiates out from the breaking rock.
People have known about earthquakes for thousands of years, of course, but they didn't know what caused them. In particular, people believed that the breaks in the Earth's surface--faults--which appear after earthquakes, were caused *by* the earthquakes rather than the cause *of* them. It was Bunjiro Koto, a geologist in Japan studying a 60-mile long fault whose two sides shifted about 15 feet in the great Japanese earthquake of 1871, who first suggested that earthquakes were caused by faults. Henry Reid, studying the great San Francisco earthquake of 1906, took the idea further. He said that an earthquake is the huge amount of energy released when accumulated strain causes a fault to rupture. He explained that rock twisted further and further out of shape by continuing forces over the centuries eventually yields in a wrenching snap as the two sides of the fault slip to a new position to relieve the strain. This is the idea of "elastic rebound" which is now central to all studies of fault rupture.
Dr. Gerard Fryer
Hawaii Institute of Geophysics & Planetology
University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822
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Shakespeare routinely utilized these literary devices and normally had character’s addressing inanimate, natural objects directly.
For illustration, in Romeo and Juliet , when Romeo realizes his destiny as a “star-crossed lover” he yells up at the sky, “Is it even so? Then I defy you, stars!” ( Romeo and Juliet five. one. 24). It was also a widespread feature in Gothic crafting, notably in Charlotte Dacre’s 1806 novel Zofloya . Victoria notices “stars” in the mysterious Zofloya’s eyes, observing, “His dark but excellent eyes, like two stars in a gloomy cloud, pursued her with their powerful imperious rays…” (Dacre 191). While it is the eyes which are below personified, the stars also act as personified objects of which Victoria are not able to ever feel to escape.
The stars return afterwards and even more instill in Victoria a perception of disgrace for her legitimate essay writing services reddit actions. “The stars had all retired, as even though shrinking abashed from the look at of so considerably guilt, but louring clouds obscured the confront of heaven…” (202). In these cases, as was widespread for Romantics, character retains a power in excess of the human thoughts, significantly like a way in which Kant would determine as elegant.
- What’s the importance of an intense opening sentence in a essay?
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The monster in Frankenstein who at 1st is enamored by nature, quickly feels oppressed by its get and its laws in which matters that are unnatural, like himself, are not welcome. Just as although Romeo and Juliet will at some point be torn apart due to the fact the stars will not make it possible for their love and just like Victoria’s inevitable destiny in the palms on Zofloya, the monster just does not have a place in the purely natural earth and hence will continuously have to fight to survive simply because character deems him morally evil. ‘The gender lens. Finally, I imagine it is unattainable to search at morality in the novel devoid of briefly touching on the historical and cultural context of the novel’s writing and publication. A very long listing of critics and essays have explored Frankenstein below the context of gender which is certainly a outstanding information in the subtext. Regarding gender, a lot of of the circumstances of its working within the novel can be traced to the affect of Mary Shelley’s mother Mary Wollstonecraft who was a common feminist in the late eighteenth-century and had made many writings on the topic of women’s legal rights. Her perform, A Vindication of the Rights of Female , just one of the initial writings on female philosophy and feminism, argues versus the Intimate concept of sensibility and sentimental literature. She writes, “Dismissing then individuals rather female phrases, which the adult males condescendingly use to soften our slavish dependence, and despising that weak elegancy of brain, exquisite sensibility, and sweet docility of manners, meant to be the sexual traits of the weaker vessel…” (Wollstonecraft 8). Wollstonecraft argued that offering girls the individuality trait of sensibility put them in a weaker status than males and built their minds seem far more fragile.
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Through Elizabeth’s demise and her ironic antithetical placement as a kind of anti-Gothic heroine, Shelley demonstrates these beliefs via the ethical failing of sensibility and its lack of ability to make any difference in the actual environment.
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By Michael Smart
The 15 million Americans who suffer from type II diabetes all share the same problem: their muscles have difficulty absorbing glucose–a sugar that provides energy–from their bloodstreams. For years, scientists have known that physical exercise helps muscles take in glucose, but until now they haven’t fully understood why. BYU’s William W. Winder has identified the key enzyme involved in triggering glucose absorption, and he has repeatedly stimulated the process in rats with a drug, producing some of the same beneficial results that exercise provides, including increased glucose uptake.
Winder’s discovery opens up possibilities for scientists to try to find a drug that will safely achieve the same effect in humans. It also puts researchers one step closer to discovering what causes type II diabetes.
“We believe this to be a step forward in the effort to provide more effective treatments for patients with type II diabetes,” says Winder, a professor of zoology. “There is still much work to be done before we can apply these findings to humans, but these results give us a good springboard.”
His findings help fill in a missing link to understanding one of the body’s chain reactions, the one ignited by exercise that results in better absorption of glucose into muscles. In this reaction, glucose is transported into muscle cells by proteins called “GLUT4.” These transporter proteins act like buses that carry their passengers, glucose molecules, to muscles. Type II diabetics have just as many “buses” as healthy people do. But recent studies indicate that without regular exercise, the GLUT4 proteins in type II diabetics may stall and not carry glucose into the muscle. Regular exercise stimulates the creation of more transporter proteins, and those reinforcements are thought to enable diabetics to absorb enough glucose to stay healthy. The ability to help type II diabetics manufacture more of the GLUT4 transporter proteins is a key in combating their disease.
What scientists didn’t know until Winder’s study was how exercise turns on the gene that tells the body to make more transporters. He found that the spark plug of that process is an enzyme called AMP-activated kinase (AMPK). This enzyme is normally activated when muscles contract.
“The discovery that activation of [this enzyme] increases transporter protein is a major finding, because it gives us both an explanation for how exercise increases glucose uptake in muscle and also a possible pharmacological treatment for diabetes,” explains Lynis Dohm, a GLUT4 researcher and professor of biochemistry at the East Carolina University School of Medicine. “Any treatment that will increase the rate of glucose transport into muscle will be a useful treatment for diabetes.”
Winder emphasizes that there is more to the AMPK story than these new findings. Building on the work of previous researchers, his team–including Grahame Hardie of Dundee, Scotland, and Gary Merrill of Rutgers–published a paper in 1997 that was the first to report the triggering effect of AMPK in the glucose absorption process. Collaborating with Laurie Goodyear’s team at Harvard’s Joslin Diabetes Center, Winder developed more evidence for the short-term effects of AMPK. Then he wanted to see if activating the enzyme could have long-term positive effects. His recent experiments show that it does. Repeated activation of the enzyme over a five-day period results in long-term increases in the transporter proteins. Rats that received repeated injections of the enzyme-triggering drug, AICAR, had higher counts of transporters even after the drug’s initial effects wore off.
This means that drugs that activate AMPK could mimic some of the long-term beneficial effects of exercise for diabetics. It also brings to mind the tempting but counterintuitive prospect of losing weight without exercising. In fact, Winder’s work could possibly lead to a drug to treat obesity, because he has found that AMPK stimulates fat burning at the same time it triggers glucose absorption.
He emphasizes, however, that a good, old-fashioned workout will still be better in the long run. First of all, artificial activation of AMPK doesn’t increase the metabolism like exercise does. Also, when muscles contract they use glucose they have stored away in a form called glycogen. Triggering AMPK with a drug causes the transporters to bring more glucose into the muscle, but it doesn’t use up the glycogen that’s already there, so there might not be room for new glucose. Researchers will have to figure out a way to artificially deplete glycogen as part of their effort to find a drug for type II diabetics.
“It is possible that activating the AMPK system with drugs may prove useful for treatment of obesity and in stimulating glucose uptake in those who are unable to exercise,” Winder says. “But exercise will always be a better solution for the rest of us. There is already good evidence that those who exercise regularly are less apt to develop type II diabetes.”
Winder plans to test different compounds for their effects on AMPK in an effort to find a drug that can activate the fat-burning and glucose uptake processes in humans. He is also collaborating with East Carolina’s Dohm to determine exactly how AMPK signals the gene that makes GLUT4 transporter proteins.
Winder’s coauthors on his recent study, which was published in the November 1999 issue of the Journal of Applied Physiology, are Burton Holmes and Emily Kurth-Kraczek, both BYU graduate students in zoology. The BYU research into the effects of AMPK is funded by a five-year, $750,000 grant from the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, a part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
As Winder concludes the third year of the grant period, he is guardedly optimistic about the achievements of his team so far.
“One always hopes that work funded by the NIH will yield something that will benefit the people paying the bill,” he says, referring to the taxpayer-supported nature of the NIH. “It’s really quite gratifying to see our work go in this direction, where it might be applied to the treatment of diabetes.”
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91% of Canadians have detectable levels of bisphenol A (BPA) in their urine according to recent data from the Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS).
This study represents the first time BPA levels were measured at a national level in Canada. Urine samples from 5,600 Canadians aged 6 to 79 years were collected between March 2007 and February 2009 at 15 sites across Canada.
Canadian Teens Have Highest BPA Levels
The average Canadian has a mean concentration of urinary BPA of 1.16 micrograms per litre. International studies have found similar results with mean concentrations ranging from 1 to 3 micrograms per litre.
Concentrations of BPA were highest in the teens – people aged 12 to 19 had mean concentrations of 1.50 micrograms per litre. That is nearly 30% higher than the mean concentration. Children aged 6 to 11 also had concentrations higher than adults aged 40 to 79.
Teens may have higher levels due to a higher intake of BPA-containing foods, higher intake of food relative to their body size, or due to absorption, metabolism or excretion differences.
It is of great concern that teens and children have higher levels of BPA than older adults because exposure to hormone-like substances during the different developmental stages of childhood and adolescence can cause permanent, lifelong changes in the way cells function.
What is BPA?
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an industrical chemical used in the production of polycarbonate plastic (for food containers and water bottles) and epoxy resins (most commonly used as a protective lining in canned food and beverages). BPA does not occur naturally in the environment.
The main source of BPA exposure is from ingestion of foods in BPA-laden containers, although BPA is also found in drinking water, soil, dust, air, and consumer products. BPA can migrate into food from food containers, especially when containers are heated, as well as from repeat-use plastic containers.
BPA has a short half-life in the body (less than six hours). The finding of urinary BPA in 91% of Canadians suggests that Canadians are having continual and widespread exposure to BPA.
Health Effects of BPA Exposure
Studies are emerging that demonstrate negative health impacts from low level exposure to BPA, especially early in life.
BPA is a recognized endocrine disruptor (has hormonal impacts in the human body). The structure of BPA is similar enough to estrogen (the predominant female hormone) that it can bind to estrogen receptors in the body and have effects similar to naturally occurring estrogen.
It is this similarity to the estrogen molecule that causes concern. Although the level of BPA found in the CHMS study is low it is still a thousand times higher than natural levels of estrogen found in the body.
Some health impacts of BPA that have been proposed in scientific literature include:
- Reproductive toxicity – including effects on fertility and embryo development
- Permanent changes to the genitourinary tract
- Increased risk of breast cancer
- Early puberty in girls
- Increased prostate weight and increased risk of prostate cancer
- Decreased testosterone
- Hyperactivity and aggression
- Insulin resistance and type II diabetes
- Cardiovascular system abnormalities
Protecting Yourself and Your Family from BPA
Canada has been making headlines since 2008 when it banned BPA in baby bottles. However, there are still no guidelines on the amount of BPA allowed into plastic bottles, aluminum cans, and other food containers that are the primary source of BPA exposure for Canadians.
In order to protect yourself and your family from the harmful effects of BPA the Environmental Working Group (EWG) have prepared a list of eight suggestions for minimizing BPA exposure.
- Eat Fewer Canned Foods
The easiest way to lower your BPA intake is to avoid foods that come into contact with the industrial chemical. Choose fresh or frozen fruits and vegetables – which are usually higher in nutrients and taste better than canned foods!
- Choose Cardboard and Glass Containers Over Cans
When possible select foods that come in cardboard containers (such as Tetra-packed soups, juices and sauces) and glass containers.
- Don’t Microwave Plastic Food Containers
Polycarbonate plastic, used in the packaging for many microwaveable foods, can break down at high temperatures and release BPA. Most polycarbonate containers are marked with a number 7 recycling code – indicating a BPA-containing plastic.
- Choose Plastic or Glass Bottles for Beverages
Canned juice and soda often contain BPA, especially if they are in cans lined with BPA-laden plastic. Use a stainless steel water bottle for water, or a recyclable plastic water bottle which does not have the number 7 recycling symbol. Plastic bottles with the recycling numbers 1, 2 or 4 do not contain BPA and are safer choices.
- Turn Down the Heat
To avoid BPA in your hot foods and liquids, use glass or porcelain containers, or stainless steel containers without plastic liners.
- Use BPA-free Baby Bottles
Canada banned the sale of BPA-containing baby bottles in 2008. Glass, stainless steel, and BPA-free plastic baby bottles are the best choices.
- Use Powdered Infant Formula Instead of Pre-Mixed Liquid Formulas
Breastfeeding is best. But if you must use a formula select a powdered formula over a liquid formula. Liquid formulas contain more BPA than powdered versions.
- Practice Moderation
The fewer canned foods and beverages you consume, the less your exposure to BPA, but you don’t have to cut out canned foods altogether to reduce your BPA exposure and lower your potential health risks. Eat less canned food overall, and limit your intake of canned foods that are high in BPA
Foods Highest in BPA
|Chicken soup and other soups|
|Infant formula (liquid)|
|Ravioli and canned pastas|
Source: Environmental Working Group
As parents of children and teens, we can help to promote lifelong health by helping them to make healthy choices at young ages. Encourage your family to eat fewer canned foods and decrease exposure to BPA by following the guidelines above.
Bushnik T., Haines D., Levallois P., Levesque J., Van Oostdam J., Viau C. Statistics Canada. Lead and bisphenol A concentrations in the Canadian population. Available online at: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/82-003-x/2010003/article/11324-eng.htm. Accessed August 31, 2010.
Environmental Working Group. Bisphenol A: Toxic Plastic Chemicals in Canned Food: Consumer tips to avoid BPA exposure. Available online at: http://www.ewg.org/bisphenol-a-info. Accessed August 31, 2010.
Statistics Canada. The Daily, Monday August 16, 2010. Canadian Health Measures Survey: Lead, bisphenol A and mercury. Available online at: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/daily-quotidien/100816/dq100816a-eng.htm. Accessed August 31, 2010.
Statistics Canada. Publications: Health Fact Sheets. Bisphenol A concentrations in the Canadian population, 2007 to 2009. Available online at: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/82-625-x/2010002/article/11327-eng.htm. Accessed August 31, 2010.
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What Are Eye Disorders?
Eye disorders are a broad category of conditions that affect the eyes. These disorders can be the result of congenital disabilities, aging, injury, or disease. Medications can also sometimes have adverse effects on eye health. Eye disorders cause difficulties seeing, which can sometimes develop into total blindness. Those that cannot see well even with corrective lenses are said to have low vision.
Many people first notice their eye disorder from the effect it has on their vision. Vision may become blurry, clouded, or marked with flashing lights or dark streaks. Frequently people experience headaches, eye pain, or nausea. For some conditions, the effect on the eyes is one of the first symptoms that the patient may notice of their disease.
Some disorders are generally associated with aging, though younger people and even babies can also be affected. Cataracts, which commonly affects older people, is a condition where the clear lens gradually becomes opaque. This causes dark or unfocused spots in the field of vision, slowly making it more and more difficult to see. Glaucoma involves the buildup of fluid within the eye, causing the pressure within the eye to rise. The pressure eventually affects the optic nerve, causing loss of vision and pain.
Other disorders are the result of disease or genetic conditions. Diabetic retinopathy is the most common cause of blindness in persons with diabetes and one of the significant causes of blindness in all populations. In diabetic retinopathy the blood vessels of the eyes are damaged by fluctuations in blood sugar, causing blurriness and even blindness. Multiple sclerosis can affect the eyes, causing difficulties with vision and visual tracking.
The third category of disorders involves a physical deformation of the eye itself. This can be a result of injury or congenital disease. These conditions may not progress like other disorders, but they can still negatively affect vision. Crossed eyes and lazy eyes can create issues because the eyes are not moving in a typical fashion. Retinal detachment, often the result of injury, separates the light-sensitive portion of the eye from the rest of the eye. Retinal detachment is an emergency and requires immediate treatment, though the person may suffer from permanent visual impairment.
Some eye disorders only temporarily affect the vision and may disappear with treatment. Others can cause permanent vision loss or even blindness. Depending on the severity of the disorder and the visual impairment, the person may not be able to complete normal life activities and may qualify for disability benefits for their eye disorder.
Diagnosing Eye Disorders
Eye disorders may take a long time to diagnose, as frequently the symptoms appear gradually and the patient may not become aware of the symptoms until the condition is advanced. While the effect on the vision may first be noticed in an exam from a general practitioner, an eye doctor is needed to make an accurate diagnosis. Eye exams are necessary to diagnose the condition correctly and can include:
- Pupil dilation to examine the inside of the eye
- Fluorescein angiography to see if the blood vessels around the retina are damaged or leaking
- Optical coherence tomography (OCT) to examine the thickness of the retina and measure macular swelling
- Electroretinography to examine the retina’s response to light
- Ultrasonography to map the inside of the eye and any abnormalities
- Pachymetry to measure the thickness of the cornea
- CT scans and MRIs to examine the structure of the eye and surrounding bone structure, especially useful for injuries
Other diagnostic tests may be needed to determine the cause of the disorder. Blood tests can determine if the underlying cause is autoimmune or from something like diabetes. MRIs of the brain may be necessary to determine if the issue is within the brain itself, such as with multiple sclerosis or brain tumors.
Treating Eye Disorders
Many eye disorders are treatable. The type of treatment varies depending on the condition. For diseases caused by underlying conditions, treatment of the causal condition is essential. This is especially important for diabetic patients or those with high blood pressure, who may have their vision restored by correctly treating their conditions. Corrective lenses are commonly used as they can help those with difficulties seeing focus more clearly. Many disorders are not adequately treated with corrective lenses.
Medications are used to treat most disorders. This can include oral drugs such as steroids for swelling or anti-VEG medications to reduce macular swelling and degeneration. Injections into the eye can deliver the medication exactly where it is needed. Surgery is required to treat disorders like cataracts and more severe cases of multiple disorders. Laser eye surgery can shrink blood vessels in the eye, reduce retinal swelling, and correct physical deformation.
Disability Evaluation of Eye Disorders
Patients with visual impairments may be unable to work because of their disease and its related limitations. Patients who find themselves unable to work because of their eye disorder must apply for Long Term Disability (LTD) benefits. The insurance company will review their claim to see if they qualify under the conditions of that plan.
Definition of Disability
Most LTD plans consider a person disabled if they have a medical condition that causes them to 1) be unable to perform their work duties for the first two years of the policy and 2) be unable to complete the work duties of almost any occupation for the years following the initial 2-year period. Each LTD plan defines disability as slightly different, so look over your plan policy to see how your plan determines “disabled.”
Evaluating Disability for People with Eye Disorders
The Social Security Administration (SSA) awards disability benefits for those with legal blindness as a result of eye disorders. Even if the patient is not legally blind, they can still qualify under the SSA’s requirements if the peripheral vision is severely affected or there is loss of vision in a significant portion of the visual field. In cases of mild or moderate visual impairment, the patient may still qualify for disability benefits if they have other disabling conditions.
Patients seeking disability payments for their eye disorder will have to prove that they are impacted in a way that they cannot perform their old job or any job that they could be trained to work. To qualify for disability benefits, the condition must prevent the person from working for a least one full year. They will need a Residual Functional Capacity (RFC) assessment that indicates how their symptoms affect and limit their life activities.
What the Insurance Company Needs From You and Your Medical Providers
You should tell the insurance company about any doctor that has treated you for your eye disorder. The insurance company will need to obtain all relevant medical records to get the full picture of your health. These records include office notes, clinical exams, diagnostic tests, and lab results. Vision tests are helpful, and all recent vision tests should be included. If for any reason they cannot get these records from your doctors, you should request them and provide them to the insurance company yourself.
You will need to provide proof of your diagnosis and your ongoing symptoms, as well as proof of how you are affected by your symptoms. Providing detailed documentation is key to a successful claim. Residual Functional Capacity (RFC) assessments determine how you are affected by the condition and what you can do despite your limitations. It is used to determine what jobs you may still be qualified to perform. Make sure that you are as honest as possible with your doctors so that they can complete an accurate RFC for you.
Working with a Disability Attorney
Working with an experienced disability attorney will give you the best chance of getting the benefits you deserve for your loss of vision. Even if you have been denied benefits, your prospect is not over. Many people are denied benefits the first time they apply. You have the right to file an appeal and try to get more information that may help your case. Getting expert help is often the difference between being denied and being approved for benefits.
While the process can be daunting, your expert disability attorney will be able to guide you through the process. They do not get paid until you win your case. You can seek help without worrying about upfront costs or unexpected bills.
The Ortiz Law Firm has successfully represented people in disability cases across the United States. If you would like to talk to one of our experienced disability lawyers about your eye disorder and its impact on your ability to work, call us at (888) 321-8131. We would be happy to evaluate your case and to discuss how to help you through the process.
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Pipikaula, like many dishes in Hawaii, is the result of several cultures colliding. First, let’s talk about how beef became part of the Hawaiian diet, since cows are not native to the islands. In 1793, famous British Navy explorer George Vancouver gifted King Kamehameha I (the chief who first united the Hawaiian islands) a bull and five cows; the king placed a kapu (Hawaiian taboo) on the hunting of these cattle and their descendants that lasted through 1830; by 1845 there were an estimated 25,000 feral cattle on the big island of Hawaii.
John Palmer Parker, an American who allegedly first arrived in Hawaii in 1809 by jumping off of a ship (there’s probably a good story there), quickly gained the favor of King Kamehameha I upon his infamous arrival. In 1815, after a bit of travel, he returned to Hawaii with a state-of-the-art American musket; the king gave him the honor of hunting the first cattle in Hawaii. Over the next 20 years, he helped to thin the number of feral cattle on the island, and was gifted some land as compensation. Parker founded Parker Ranch in 1847, one of the oldest and largest ranches in the United States, with 250,000 acres that remain today.
To help manage livestock, Parker brought in cowboys (Vaqueros) from present-day California (Mexico at the time); these cowboys were called Paniolo (a Hawaiian pronunciation of the word “Español“), and the name sticks today. The Paniolos would dry strips of beef in the sun, to chew on while driving cattle; this food was eventually named Pipikaula (literally “beef rope”). To flavor the beef, they would use soy sauce, as it was locally available thanks to Chinese and Japanese immigrants.
So that’s how Pipikaula came to be, through a joining of Hawaiian, British, American, Mexican, Chinese, and Japanese cultures. Today, Pipikaula is served in Hawaiian restaurants and sometimes at luaus. It is commonly dried in wire boxes in the sun, or by hanging it to dry, then broiled or pan-fried before serving. The recipe that I’m sharing today is modeled after my wife’s favorite Hawaiian restaurant, Helena’s Hawaiian Food, on N. King Street in Honolulu. For efficiency’s sake, we’ll dry the beef in an oven and pan-fry it to a crisp.
Pipikaula (Paleo, Primal, Gluten-free, Perfect Health Diet)
4 cloves garlic, minced
1″ ginger, peeled and minced (or 1 tsp ground ginger)
1/2 cup tamari or 2/3 cup coconut aminos
2 tbsp coconut palm sugar or 3 tbsp honey
1 tbsp Hawaiian salt (or sea salt)
1/4 cup mirin, sake, or other rice wine (dry sherry okay)
2 tsp white pepper
1 tsp red pepper flakes
1 tsp Tabasco sauce or other hot sauce
4-5 lbs cross-cut short ribs or flank steak, cut into thin strips
2 tbsp coconut oil
1. Combine the marinade ingredients. Cut the short ribs between each bone piece, to form 2″ long pieces. Combine the short ribs and the marinade in a resealable plastic bag and refrigerate for at least 6 hours, overnight preferred. Turn the bag periodically.
2. Preheat your oven to 170F. Lay the short ribs across a baking sheet lined with a cooling rack (you can also line the sheet with tin foil to make it easier to clean). Bake in the center of the oven, with the oven door cracked open a few inches, until mostly dry (a bit wetter than beef jerky), about 6 hours.
3. Store in the fridge, in a resealable plastic bag lined with paper towels, for up a to week. To serve, heat the coconut oil in a skillet over medium heat for about 2 minutes, then add the Pipikaula; pan-fry until browned and the fat starts to render (similar to how bacon looks as it finished cooking), about 1 minute per side, then drain on paper towels and serve.
** Cross-cut short ribs are sometimes hard to find, and can carry all sorts of names, from flanken cut, to LA style. Here is a good guide on the different short rib cuts.
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This is how you would be glorified if you became a Roman war hero
Best known to the Greek literature, a Roman war hero ought to be of divine ancestry and, on the contrary, be also a mortal. Nevertheless, Roman heroes concentrated on their humanity as compared to their divinity. Several traits had to be checked off the list to be recognized or glorified as a Roman hero.
According to the traits of a hero, a Roman war hero had to validate several characteristics such as fairness, courage, loyalty and strength. Additionally, a hero had to be human, which signifies that they were flawed by jealousy, rage, and vengeance.
Generally, a Roman war hero is a multifaceted man characterized by being courageous, deeply sensitive, enigmatic, passionate, bold, and conflicted by passion and duty.
Long before the nation came to life, the ancient Romans paid specific attention to their warriors or soldiers. In ancient Roman times, the soldiers served in a distinctive position in the community. Among the advantages of being a Roman war hero was its consistent pay.
Strong males were sure to land a job in one of Rome's numerous construction projects; however, it could not be entirely depended on. On the other side, soldiers received regular pay and meals, not forgetting a place to reside, which was created for numerous recruits.
An excellent example of this is when a Roman soldier in Julius Caesar's time received 225 silver denarii every year, paid in installments thrice per year. In the following century, the tyrannical Emperor Domitian scaled the pay to 300 silver pieces, and later on, emperors continued to raise the bar.
Like the present-day military men and women, the Roman war heroes had their valors adorned for battle. Moreover, tiny metal pins and bearing pictures of flags were rewarded to individual heroes for excellent services. Gold armbands or even armillae were awarded to signify superior courage. A corona or crown recognized the highest bravery, or better yet, a cluster of bronze leaves expertly attached to the helmet.
Captured slaves were also brought as incentive pay for the Roman war heroes. However, the Roman soldiers regarded the medals and valued them so highly that they occasionally insisted on receiving a medal in place of cash gifts. In addition, if you were a Roman war hero, you were glorified with food as it was crucial to the imperial troops to be constantly and well fed. Fortunately, the Roman war heroes did not have to pay for their food. However, they were given uncooked food, making them take turns in cooking duties.
Normally, the Roman war heroes were granted a piece of farmland to decide if they wanted to live on or sell. This form of glorification and honor is the current pension or retiree's current representation.
Furthermore, gravestones read the Roman war heroes – listing their names and the unit numbers they diligently served in, establishing a significant deal of pride in their service.
The Romans glorified their war heroes and had significant respect for them since they regarded them as solid protection from the world of brutality. Besides, several monuments were raised in their honor which was very common and frequent.
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#1 The arrangement of leaves on an axis or stem is calle
The arrangement of leaves on a stem is known as phyllotaxy; leaves can be classified as either alternate, spiral, opposite, or whorled. Plants with alternate and spiral leaf arrangements have only one leaf per node.
#2 The study of Cells is also known as
Cell biology. Cell biology (also called cytology, from the Greek κύτος, kytos, “vessel”) is a branch of biology that studies the structure and function of the cell, which is the basic unit of life.
#3 Which compound is used in Anti-malarial drug?
Chloroquine/proguanil or sulfa drug-pyrimethamine combinations should be used in all other plasmodia infections. The major commercial manufacturer of mefloquine-based malaria treatment is Roche Pharmaceuticals, which markets the drug under the trade name “Lariam”.
#4 Which of these is not a macronutrient for Plants?
In relatively large amounts, the soil supplies nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sulfur; these are often called the macronutrients. In relatively small amounts, the soil supplies iron, manganese, boron, molybdenum, copper, zinc, chlorine, and cobalt, the so-called micronutrients.
#5 Name the respiratory organs of insects
The respiratory organs of insects are the branched tubes called tracheae. These open to the outside through small-sized pores, called the spiracles.
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Currently, one of the biggest hypes in the printing world is the advancements in 3D printing. It is also known as additive manufacturing and it includes the process of creating objects based on layers. These layers are formed together to make the final piece. Interestingly, 3D printers have been around for around 30 years but it’s just about the time that they are becoming public. One of the biggest reasons was huge costs which have been overcome by the usage of sophisticated technology.
3D Printing Will Revolutionize the classroom, an infographic developed by . It is great, as such it can be printed and posted in the classroom, at an IT lab or somewhere. Being calm in the design highlights all aspects of 3D printing with the usage of light colours and objects. We look at a quick overview of 3D printing, who is using it, why should we use it and how will it revolutionize classrooms.
Enjoy this and feel free to share and comment, of course!
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Antibiotics are also termed as antimicrobials or antibacterials, are a group of medicinal drugs prescribed for the treatment of infections caused by germs such as bacteria or some specific parasites. The antibiotics work by killing or arresting the growth of microorganisms. A restricted number of antibiotics also comprise of antiprotozoal activity. Ever since the discovery of first antibiotic penicillin in 1920, several compounds of antibiotics have been vastly used for the treatment of various bacterial infections. Research done on the antibiotics market, states that escalating prevalence over the years of infectious and chronic diseases across the globe and efficiency of antibiotics for the treatment of broad spectrum of bacterial infections have resulted in extremely fast evolution of the antibiotics across the world. However, antibiotics are efficient against viruses such as influenza or common cold, and their wrong use enables the surfacing of resistant organisms. Medicinal drugs that reduce the growth of viruses are known as antivirals or antiviral drugs instead of antibiotics. A few sources differentiate amongst antibiotic and antibacterial – where antibiotics are used as medicines, antibacterials are used in disinfectants and soaps.
Get Sample Report @ http://www.qyresearchgroups.com/request-sample/263553
How do antibiotics work?
Diverse families of antibiotics have diverse methods of obliterating bacteria. Mentioned below are the descriptions of some of the types of antibiotics and their chemical mechanisms.
Beta-Lactam – these antibiotics work by killing bacteria which are walled by a cell wall. Bacteria makes cell walls by connecting molecules together, beta-lactams obstructs this process. With no support from a cell wall, the pressure within the cell becomes excess and eventually the membrane bursts. Cephalosporin and penicillin are the two examples of beta-lactams that are used in various types of bacterial infections.
Macrolides – these antibiotics specifically affect ribosomes, which are known to be the cell’s protein-building machines. Ribosomes establish proteins in both human cells and bacteria, nevertheless there are dissimilarities between human ribosomes and bacterial ribosomes. Macrolides antibiotics obstruct only bacterial ribosomes and avoid them from producing proteins. Proteins take up all the cell’s work, a single bacterium cannot construct proteins cannot survive. An example of macrolides which is widely used for the treatment of respiratory tract and skin infections is Erythromycin.
Quinolones – antibiotics such as levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin fall under the group of quinolones antibiotics. These are prescribed to treat pneumonia and bronchitis infections. This antibiotic works by breaking the strands of DNA which the bacteria start to copy. The bacteria fail to reproduce in the absence of an intact DNA.
Antibiotics fail to fight infections that are caused by viruses, like flu, cold, sore throats (not due to strep), coughs, and bronchitis. Inappropriate use of antibiotics will harm the body. If a virus is making you ill, consuming antibiotics might do more harm than actual good. Having antibiotics more than the prescribed amount will lead to antibiotic resistance. One must follow and complete the complete course of antibiotics, even if he or she starts feeling better, since stopping the treatment mid-way might lead to relapse.
Browse Complete Report @ http://www.qyresearchgroups.com/report/global-antibiotics-market-research-report-2017
Table Of Content:
Global Antibiotics Market Research Report 2017
1 Antibiotics Market Overview
1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Antibiotics
1.2 Antibiotics Segment by Type
1.2.1 Global Production Market Share of Antibiotics by Type in 2015
1.2.2 β- lactam
1.3 Antibiotics Segment by Application
1.3.1 Antibiotics Consumption Market Share by Application in 2015
1.4 Antibiotics Market by Region
1.4.1 North America Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
1.4.2 Europe Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
1.4.3 China Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
1.4.4 Japan Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
1.4.5 Southeast Asia Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
1.4.6 India Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
13 Research Findings and Conclusion
QY Research Groups is a company that simplifies how analysts and decision makers get industry data for their business. Our unique colossal technology has been developed to offer refined search capabilities designed to exploit the long tail of free market research whilst eliminating irrelevant results. QY Research Groups is the collection of market intelligence products and services on the Web. We offer reports and update our collection daily to provide you with instant online access to the world’s most complete and current database of expert insights on global industries, companies, products, and trends.
Room B1510, ShijiKemao Building, No.66, Zhongguancun East Road,
Haidian District, Beijing, 100190, China
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A huge slab of folded Earth that scientists think used to be part of the ocean floor has been detected near the planet's core.
The discovery supports the theory that Earth's crust is constantly recycled deep into the planet as molten material from below simultaneously pushes up to refresh the surface.
The structure is about 125 miles deep and at least 125 miles wide and 370 miles in the north-south direction. In consistency, it is more like a giant, folding mush of taffy, researchers said today
"If you imagine cold honey pouring onto a plate, you would see ripples and folds as it piles up and spreads out, and that's what we think we are seeing at the base of the mantle," said Alex Hutko, a graduate student University of California, Santa Cruz and lead author of a paper describing the discovery in the May 18 issue of the journal Nature. .
Originally posted by SarnholeOntarable
reply to post by omegacorps
I still think that one day all our tectonic plates will adjust accordingly very quickly in the blink of an eye...pretty wicked thought but presumably it might have happened before.
Originally posted by atlguy
FYI - if true, this information annihilates the theory that oil is a fossil-fuel. The heat of the core would vaporize any sort of hydrocarbons.
Originally posted by Teye22
Make one think that our Eath Mother is "Alive and Kicking".
Originally posted by oghamxx
"near" is a relative term as the earth's core starts about 1800 miles deep
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Russian Constitution of 1918
The first constitution of Russia, which governed the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic, described the regime that assumed power in the October Revolution of 1917. This constitution, which was ratified soon after the Declaration Of Rights Of The Working And Exploited People, formally recognized the working class as the ruling class of Russia according to the principle of the dictatorship of the proletariat, therein making the Russian SFSR the world's first constitutionally socialist state.
The ultimate aims of the state were outlined as: "the abolition of the exploitation of men by men, the entire abolition of the division of the people into classes, the suppression of exploiters, [and] the establishment of a socialist society." The constitution stated that an historical alliance had been formed between the workers and peasants, whom together would govern the state through the soviets. The constitution explicitly denied political power to higher classes of Russian society or to those who supported the White armies in the Civil War (1918-21). To prevent the higher classes from re-claiming state power, the first article called for all workers and peasants to be armed and organized into a Red Army while the higher classes be fully disarmed.
Supreme power rested with the All-Russian Congress of Soviets, made up of deputies from local soviets across Russia. The steering committee of the Congress of Soviets—known as the Central Executive Committee—acted as the "supreme organ of power" between sessions of the congress and as the collective presidency of the state.
The congress elected the Council of People's Commissars (Sovnarkom, Sovet narodnykh kommissarov) as the administrative arm of the young government and defined its responsibilities as "general administration of the affairs of the state". (The Sovnarkom had exercised governmental authority from November 1917 until the adoption of the 1918 constitution July 10th by the Congress of Soviets.)
- (Russian) Full Text of the 1918 Constitution of the R.S.F.S.R.
- English translation of the 1918 Constitution of the R.S.F.S.R.
- "Declaration Of The Rights Of Labouring And Exploited People". Pravda. 3 January 1918. Retrieved 1 December 2013.
|This article related to politics in Russia is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.|
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Ipswich Icons: Town Hall, Post Office and Grimwades are all fine examples of Victorian architecture
- Credit: Archant
The Victorian era, (1837-1901) was one of great change and expansion for Ipswich, writes John Norman, of The Ipswich Society.
The town had suffered depression in the 18th Century as the river silted up and trade declined. However, during the Napoleonic wars, barracks and tented encampments for thousands of soldiers and cavalrymen sprang up around Ipswich, providing an outlet for its grain, to feed men and horses.
The river was dredged and deepened and trade, particularly with London, began to flourish. It was during the 1840s that two major improvements occurred; the Wet Dock, providing a deep water port for the transhipment of goods opened (1842) and the railway linking Ipswich and London (1846) arrived at Croft Street station.
Manufacturing industries expanded, and Ipswich saw an amazing upturn in its fortunes; during Victoria’s reign the population increased from 24,000 to 66,000. The businessmen of the day built large and comfortable houses for themselves, many of which can still be seen today, notably in Museum Street and Fonnereau Road.
Victorian times were ones of enterprise and optimism, although the living conditions for the working man were grim. Many lived in hovels, nothing more than hastily constructed sheds in the back yards of terraced property, houses which were themselves pretty simple and devoid of basic necessities such as running water and toilets. Most of these slums were pulled down before the Second World War and those remaining went in the 1950s. Peel Street (the site of Crown House) and The Potteries (the site of Civic College) being typical examples.
At the other end of the scale Ipswich constructed some magnificent examples of fine Victorian architecture, some of which have unfortunately lost their way and await a new lease of life. Typical are those surrounding the Cornhill which are no longer used for their original purpose, (The Town Hall, the Post Office and Grimwade’s being outstanding examples) but these buildings are an important statement of our heritage, they are worthy of preservation and a useful future.
Both the Town Hall and the Post Office stand high on a pedestal to show their relative importance, not only to the passing public but also to deliberately dominate the space they overlook. The Town Hall was built in 1868 following an architectural competition but since the borough council moved to Civic Centre (itself since demolished) the Town Hall has been under-utilised. Councillors strive to find a useful purpose for the building and despite a couple of current occupiers it lacks visitors and turnover; on market days it is cut off from the passing public by the market stalls.
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The Corn Exchange (1880) occupies the same plot as the Town Hall and although it is not on the Cornhill this multi-use building is an important facility within the town centre. Like the others it is under-utilised although the presence of Little Waitrose on the ground floor means that there is an income stream supporting its continued existence. The Corn Exchange is an entertainment centre with the Grand Hall on the first floor and the Film Theatre in the basement but neither can attract average members of the public away from their televisions more than a couple of times a year.
Grimwades, or J H Grimwade & Sons, was built on Bell Corner, the junction of Westgate Street and the Cornhill, site of the Bell Public House which was demolished in 1893. The family firm was founded in 1844 by Richard Grimwade, a tailor and woollen draper in a shop in Westgate Street. When the site on Bell Corner became available John Henry Grimwade, who by now had been running the business for 30 years, built a new shop, and this was extended further down the Cornhill in 1904.
The extension is such a good match of the original it is difficult to see where the two join. Grimwade’s ceased trading in 1994 and a number of other retailers have come and gone since. A long- term use for the building has proved difficult given the different floor levels, even across the ground floor and the vast array of columns where internal walls have been removed are an obstruction to modern trading.
Lloyds Bank was originally constructed in 1890 as Cobbold’s Bank (Bacon, Bacon Cobbold and Co.), later to merge with Lloyds Bank and trade under the latter’s name. The arch was cut through in 1929 to allow buses to escape from the Cornhill without the hassle and busy traffic of Westgate Street or Tavern Street. They were en-route to the new estates along Nacton Road (the Racecourse and Gainsborough) and at the top of Norwich Road (Whitton and Whitehouse), homes that replaced the town centre terraced houses demolished in the early 1930s.
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Commissioner of Public Health ; incorporated into state statutes in April January 11, Plaintiffs Laurie Wood, left, and Kody Partridge, center, walk with attorney Peggy Tomsic on December 4,after a judge heard arguments challenging Utah's same-sex marriage ban. In these conditions the first homosexual groups were founded, such as the Daughters of Bilitis founded in San Francisco, it was the first lesbian civil and political rights organization in the United Statesand the Mattachine Societywhich started in Los Angeles but was headquartered in San Francisco beginning around January 25, - The Rhode Island House of Representatives passes a bill legalizing same-sex marriage.
Supreme Court cleared the way for same-sex marriage in Utah when it declined to hear the state's appeal of a lower court ruling. Van Hollen files a petition with the 7th Circuit Court of Appeals to halt same-sex marriages in the state.
Since that decision, with only a few exceptions, U. Navy Reserves. More strongly religious persons were more likely to vote in favor of the proposition. Retrieved
The law takes effect on December 2, November 19, Same-sex marriage legal.
State-by-state history. Retrieved July 25, Outline Index.
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The Surprising Benefits of Peer Pressure
By Aviva Patz
Surprising benefits of peer pressure! Kids do some crazy things to keep up with their friends — even preschoolers (“I dare you to eat a worm!”). But as negative as it can be, there are a few benefits of peer pressure.
“There’s no doubt that peers can make each other more aggressive, but they can also make each other smarter and happier,” says psychology professor William M. Bukowski, Ph.D., of Concordia University in Montreal. “In fact, the positive effects of peer influence are more important than the negative effects.”
Here’s how going along with the crowd can be a smart move after all — and how you can encourage your child to reap the rewards.
Benefit of Peer Pressure: Encourages excellence. Students who learn with smarter classmates tend to perform better academically themselves, according to a 2011 study in Child Development. That’s because kids imitate each other, especially when they’re unsure of how to behave. They also reward each other for acting a certain way — by laughing, smiling and giving each other high-fives. “Children have expectations of one another, and they make those expectations clear,” says Bukowski.
Your move: Book more playdates with the kids who model doing the right thing.
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Has had an experience in the region before. 303 certified writers online. future worlds essay the poem by langston hughes is in homage to the depth and strength of the soul of the black people essay on research paper on langston hughes name english 1302. like most of his works, langston hughes gives the reader a clear idea of the essay problem solving negro society. he was the second child of his parents, caroline mercer langston, a schoolteacher, and james nathaniel hughes story summary on langston hughes’s on the road. i attached the links for the paper and her guidelines. langston hughes langston hughes essays spoke of what do you like about school essay the broad range of african-american experiences in word count: the poem, theme for english, by the eminent poet, langston hughes, gives the impression that it has been penned in langston hughes essays a stream of consciousness and the readers readily connect with the speaker who goes on to describe his meandering thoughts and questions an analysis of langston hughes’s poetry essay 625 words | 3 owl paraphrasing pages two pride and prejudice essays of mr hughes tok perscribed essay outline poems, “l, too” and “democracy’, one expresses feelings from an african american man’s point of view at a time when they weren’t allowed to have a voice to have a point of view dec 23, 2019 · this type my essay for free essay on langston hughes biography was written and submitted by user alberto sloan to help you langston hughes essays with your own how many words is a 5 paragraph essay studies. he was the second child of his parents, caroline mercer langston, a schoolteacher, and james nathaniel hughes langston hughes 1902-1967 (full name: in the story on the road, author langston hughes explores the topics structure of argumentative essay of religion and racism in the hatchet essay introduction time of depression.the story follows sargeant, help with college essay writing a strong, tall black man who finds himself without a place to sleep in english term paper langston hughes langston hughes essays is a famous african-american poet whose langston hughes essays work is known for interpreting racial ways to improve essay writing relationships in attention grabber for essay examples the united states during the harlem renaissance.
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Horizontal gene transfer, or HGT, is the notion that bacteria can share genes laterally amongst themselves, and is about as fascinating and pertinent a topic as any in microbiology. Comparing different bacterial species, each about 1/1000th the size of a grain of sand, might seem silly, especially when comparing larger species like humans and birds. How different can single-celled organisms really be? Well, HGT between distinct bacterial species is analogous to me standing next to an eagle, and growing wings the next day. As crazy (and potentially awesome) as this might seem, bacteria readily undergo HGT, often involving genes that confer antibiotic resistance. For this reason, HGT, and specifically conjugation (a type of HGT), is a major player in the worldwide spread and threat of superbugs.
Conjugation process between donor and recipient occurs through direct cell-cell contact, and results in a transconjugant.
When we set out to explore the scientific applications of HGT, we were focused on harnessing the unique aspects of gene transfer towards engineering an evolvable microbial community. However, delving into the literature raised many unanswered questions about the underlying mechanisms of HGT itself; most striking was the lack of a definitive answer to a very fundamental question: do antibiotics actually cause HGT to spread resistance?
In fact, the use of antibiotics has long been implicated in the rise and spread of antibiotic resistance, and in certain cases, the link between antibiotics and conjugation is well documented for antibiotic-induced conjugation – what about for all the other cases where conjugation machinery is already being expressed? The answer to this question has significant clinical implications; after all, if we can predict how antibiotics influence the transfer of resistance, we may be able to develop solutions to prevent it. And so, our research direction shifted.
In our study, we quantified the conjugation efficiency, or the probability of conjugation occurring between a pair of donor and recipient cells. Using a synthetic system, we surprisingly saw that antibiotics did not increase the conjugation efficiency in the absence of selection, in contrast to conventional wisdom. Using a host of clinically relevant pathogens and systems also showed no significant increase in conjugation efficiency, to our surprise (and as synthetic biologists, delight). As is so common with science, the answer to this question led to another. If antibiotics don’t change the conjugation rate, what can explain the increase in transconjugants (resistant bugs resulting from conjugation)?
With a touch of modeling and a bunch of microfluidic experiments, we saw that antibiotic selection can account for the rise of transconjugants. Surprisingly, though, this didn’t mean that more antibiotics always led to more HGT. Instead, we found that antibiotic use often has opposing effects. On one hand, antibiotics suppress the emergence of transconjugants by reduction in one or both of the parents. On the opposing hand, antibiotics promote transconjugants by offering a selective advantage. One effect negates the other, and only together can we determine whether transconjugants will be favored. While intuitive, these results were not obvious.
A. Representative microfluidic chamber filled with transconjugants. Transconjugants appear yellow by eye due expression of both mCherry and GFP. B. Close-up view of transconjugants, donors, and recipients.
It’s our hope these results shed light into the dynamics of antibiotic-treated bacteria undergoing dynamic gene exchange, and present a myriad of new, exciting, and clinically relevant scenarios that can be leveraged to stem the spread of resistance worldwide. For example, the potential to help design smarter antibiotic dosing strategies aimed at minimizing the spread of resistance during treatment would be an important step forward against the war on superbugs.
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When the pi breaks down, the human or ego in us is seized with horror as its world of individuated beings dissolves, but a blissful ecstasy arises from the inmost ground of man and of. Georg simmel (1858-1918) was born in berlin, germany, the son of a successful businessman and the youngest of seven children he formally studied philosophy and history at the university of berlin, but simmel was interested in a wide variety of topics including psychology, anthropology, economics, and sociology. Video: tragedy in drama: classical to modern nearly every story has a hero, but some are better off by the end of the story than others in this video, we learn what is so tragic about the hero in.
Shakespearean tragedy usually works on a five-part structure, corresponding to the five acts: part one, the exposition, outlines the situation, introduces the main characters, and begins the action part two, the development, continues the action and introduces complications. Introductory notes for tragedy tragedy means goat-song, from tragos goat + oide song one theory about why tragedy is goat-song is that the first tragedies were sung by men in goatskins. Notes on greek tragedy introduction in the twenty-four hundred years of their existence, the tragedies written in athens between 500 and 400 bc have proved to be the most vital form of theatre ever composed, vital both in their continuing hold on people in the theatre which causes them to be acted and seen today all over the world, and vital also in the impetus they have given to.
Check out shakespeare's macbeth video sparknote: quick and easy macbeth synopsis, analysis, and discussion of major characters and themes in the play. Over-population is an example of the tragedy of the commons (toc) commons are un-owned or commonly-held pool resources that are free, or not allocated by markets hardin's toc model assumes that individuals are short-term, self-interested rational actors, seeking to maximize their own gains. When the play opens, julius caesar has just returned to rome after defeating the sons of pompey in battle before we go any further, let's pause for a brief roman history lesson pompey (aka pompey the great) was a member of the first triumvirate, and he and caesar used to share power over rome. The tragedy of hamlet, prince of denmark ascii text placed in the public domain by moby lexical tools, 1992 sgml markup by jon bosak, hamlet, son to the late, and nephew to the present king polonius, lord chamberlain horatio, friend to hamlet laertes, son to polonius.
In reply, aristotle notes that epic recitation can be marred by overdone gesticulation in the same way as a tragedy moreover, tragedy, like poetry, can produce its effect without action - its power is in the mere reading. I may be under 18, but these are the first songs i'd learnt from my guitar teacher when i was 16 / [intro] / bm,em,bm,a,g,a,d,a then hammer d chord / [verse 1] / d here i lie in a lost and. Tragedy of freedom in a commons perhaps the simplest summary of this analysis of man's population problems is this: the commons, if justifiable at all, is justifiable only under conditions of low-population density as the human population has increased, the commons has had to be abandoned in one aspect after another.
Tragedy how to be perfect according to aristotle first things first, if you don’t know, aristotle is a greek philosopher who believed that oedipus. Notes and imperfections lyrics by the american tragedy - lyrics explanations and song meanings your folded arms symbolize / the lack of care of us / to be quite. A shakespearean tragedy is a five act play ending in the death of most of the major characters this statement with others of its kind may accurately describe many of shakespeare's plays, but if we are looking for the essence of shakespearean tragedy we must look in an entirely different realm.
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The A.P. Mine E.P. No. 4 was a landmine used by the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth countries during World War II.
|A.P. Mine E.P. No. 4|
The mine has a cylindrical container of sheet metal, and a circular lid that is used to store a bounding mine. The bounding mine‘s sides and bottom are made of concrete and shrapnel. In the center of the bounding mine, three sticks of Gelignite act as the mine's explosive element. The mine's trigger is a pressure switch that activates the mine when it is stepped on. (The mine can use any British pressure switch beside the pressure switch E.P. No. 1, which was made specifically for it.) The pressure switch trigger and the mine are connected through a length of fuse buried beneath the ground, making the fuse invisible. The switch is buried under just enough loose soil to enable a human foot to step straight through the soil, and contact the pressure switch, triggering the mine. The mine's container is buried in a hole with a small amount of loose soil on top making it appear invisible. The pressure switch is also placed under enough dirt to make it invisible to enemy soldiers, but not so much soil that the bounding mine cannot breach the soil when exploding.
Detonating the mine begins with a compression of the pressure switch, collapsing an igniter ampule in the tube. This lights a connected fuse that burns to the middle, triggering a black powder charge out just under the bounding mine in its container. This sends the bounding mine out of its container into the air. The fuse continues to burn as the mine rises and hits the ground, at which point the fuse burns to its end at the No. 27 detonators, triggering detonation of the mine's three Gelignite sticks. These explode the concrete mine and its impregnated shrapnel, greatly increasing the mine's lethality.
Arming and disarmingEdit
The mine is armed by removing the bounding mine and fuse from the mine container and then inserting the part of the fuse, not meant for the ampule tube, into the pressure switch in the bounding mine's opening. The opposite end of the fuse is then inserted through the mine container opening and the bounding mine is put in its container. The remaining end of the fuse is attached to the pressure switch. Finally, three sticks of Gelignite are put into the bounding mine and the mine trigger device is attached to the bounding mine end of the fuse.
To disarm the mine, the fuse is cut at its connection with the bounding mine and then is disconnected from the pressure switch by its removal from the ampule tube. The fuse is then taken out of the bounding mine. The mine is now disarmed as the fuse that triggers the mine is disconnected from both the mine itself and the pressure switch trigger.
- "A/P Mine EP No4". www.lexpev.nl. Retrieved 2021-01-17.
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