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3, Footnote 274. Special handling of sharps and some biomedical waste (e.g., sponges, dressings or surgical drapes soaked with blood or secretions) may be required by local regulationsFootnote 275. Waste receptacles should be conveniently located and preferably no-touch. Local regulations may apply.
Additional information is available in the Canadian Standards Association Handling of Waste Materials in Health Care Facilities and Veterinary Health Care FacilitiesFootnote 275.
Although linen in healthcare facilities may become contaminated with pathogens, risk of transmission of disease is negligibleFootnote 117, Footnote 276, Footnote 277. Care should be taken in the handling of soiled linen to prevent dispersal of microorganismsFootnote 278, Footnote 279. Special handling of linen from patients on additional precautions is not requiredFootnote 276, Footnote 280
Clean linen should be transported and stored in a manner to prevent inadvertent handling or contamination by dust, which may contain fungal spores harmful to immunocompromised patientsFootnote 72.
Additional information is available in the CDC's Guidelines for Environmental Infection Control in Health-Care FacilitiesFootnote 72.
Management of deceased bodies
There are no special recommendations when handling deceased bodies, preparing bodies for autopsy or transferring bodies to mortuary services. Routine practices properly and consistently applied and the additional precautions as indicated prior to death (contact or airborne) is sufficient. Droplet precautions are an exception and are not necessary postmortem. Some provinces and territories may have specified communicable disease regulations.
Management of pets/animals
The use of pet therapy in health care may have benefits to patients. Policies and procedures for animal health screening and IPC for animal-assisted interventions in healthcare facilities are an organizational responsibility. Recommendations for IPC practices related to animal health screening and interventions in healthcare facilities have been publishedFootnote 71, Footnote 72.
C. Role of the healthcare worker
1. Point-of-care risk assessment
Prior to every patient interaction, HCWs have a responsibility to assess the infectious risk posed to themselves and other patients, visitors and HCWs by a patient, situation procedure. The PCRA is an evaluation of the variables (risk factors) related to the interaction between the HCW, the patient and the patient's environment to assess and analyze their potential for exposure to infectious agents and identify risks for transmissionFootnote 283. This PCRA is based on judgement about the clinical situation (including the patient's clinical condition, physical, emotional and mental state) and up-to-date information on how the specific healthcare organization has designed and implemented engineering and administrative controls, availability and use of PPE. Control measures are based on the evaluation of the variables (risk factors) identified.
Healthcare workers should routinely perform PCRAs many times a day to apply control measures for their safety and the safety of patients and others in the healthcare environment.
For example, a PCRA is performed when a HCW evaluates a patient and situation to:
- determine the priority for single rooms or for roommate selection if rooms are to be shared by patients
- determine the possibility of exposure to blood, body fluids, secretions and excretions and non-intact skin and select appropriate control measures (e.g., PPE) to prevent exposure
- apply strategies to reduce aerosol generation during AGMPs (refer to Part B, Section IV, subsection iii, 1b)
- determine the need for additional precautions when routine practices are not sufficient to prevent exposure
Risk factors affecting control measures
Control measures to prevent exposure or transmission may differ according to specific microorganism, patient condition, situation or procedure and care setting. For example, measures to reduce the transmission of respiratory infections will differ from those to reduce the transmission of gastrointestinal infections. Certain patients (e.g., young children, incontinent adults and cognitively impaired individuals) or specific procedures on certain patients may increase risk of transmission, thereby requiring different control measures. Healthcare workers are at higher risk of exposure to respiratory viruses when providing care to patients who have copious respiratory secretions or frequent cough and are unable to perform self-care, including respiratory hygiene and hand hygiene. Procedures such as AGMPs have been shown to increase the transmission of TBFootnote 153 and SARSFootnote 150, Footnote 152, Footnote 284 and, therefore, specific control measures (refer to Part B, Section IV, subsection iii, 1b) should be used.
Some infections may be more readily transmitted in paediatric settings than in adult settings. Infection is a frequent cause of healthcare utilization by young children, who often harbour microorganisms, especially respiratory and gastrointestinal viruses that they may shed, even if asymptomaticFootnote 181, Footnote 285. Young children are also susceptible to many infections, as they may have not yet developed immunity to many microorganisms. The close proximity of large numbers of infectious persons and susceptible hosts favours transmission, as do behavioural characteristics of young children, such as incontinence, inadequate hygiene, frequent mouthing of hands and toys or other objects, drooling and direct contact between children during play. In addition, frequent hands-on contact from HCWs and parents may occur during basic care. Shared toys, playrooms and visiting siblings may also contribute to the transmission riskFootnote 181, Footnote 285.
There is variation of risk within different settings (e.g., prehospital, acute, LTC, ambulatory and home care). Therefore, control measures may often need to be modified, depending on the healthcare setting, as it would be inappropriate to impose the same level of precautions in each setting. The usual care model of LTC is to provide a home-like setting with participation in activities of daily living. There should be a balanced approach offering a safe environment without undue restrictive measures that could be detrimental to the individual's overall well-being or quality of lifeFootnote 286. There may be potential for increased risk of transmission with prehospital care, as it is an uncontrolled environmentFootnote 287.
The risk of cross-transmission may increase when patients share rooms instead of being accommodated in single patient care roomsFootnote 48, Footnote 201, Footnote 202, Footnote 288, Footnote 289, Footnote 290, Footnote 291, Footnote 292, Footnote 293, Footnote 294, Footnote 295, Footnote 296, Footnote 297, Footnote 298, Footnote 299, Footnote 300, Footnote 301, Footnote 302.
Knowledge and skills for point-of-care risk assessment
Healthcare workers should have sufficient knowledge, skills and resources to perform a PCRA before every interaction with a patient to apply appropriate control measures. In order to perform a PCRA, each HCW should have an understanding of the following principles, taking into consideration the level of care they are providing, their level of education and their specific job/responsibilities:
- the links in the chain of infection
- variables that influence transmission of microorganisms that may include type of exposure, size of inoculum, host susceptibility and control methods that reduce risk
- characteristics of the microorganisms that may include reservoirs, infectivity, mode of transmission, incubation period, period of communicability and virulence
- patient care practices and activities that contribute to exposure to microorganisms
- exposure risks specific to the healthcare setting
- environmental circumstances
- the level of risk and the appropriate control measures to be put in place to reduce the risk of transmission of microorganisms
- how to consult with IPC with concerns or questions
- control measures that may differ with different microorganisms and in different healthcare settings
Application of point-of-care risk assessments
When performing a PCRA, each HCW may consider asking questions to determine the risk of exposure and potential for transmission of microorganisms during patient interactions. Examples of such questions are:
- What contact is the HCW going to have with the patient?
- What task(s) or procedures(s) is the HCW going to perform? Is there a risk of splashes/sprays?
- If the patient has diarrhea, is he/she continent? If incontinent, can stool be contained in an adult incontinence product?
- Is the patient able and willing to perform hand hygiene?
- Is the patient in a shared room?
Tables 2 and 3 provide an overview of some of the risk factors identified in the questions above to consider when applying a PCRA, using C. difficile infection and seasonal influenza as examples. The tables outline how the risk of exposure and potential transmission changes, depending on variables in the infected source, environment and susceptible host. Risk factors to be considered as part of your PCRA, as outlined in Tables 2 and 3, include the following.
- An infected source: The PCRA should evaluate the changing nature of the infected source's symptoms and environment to determine the appropriate PPE for the HCW, other staff members and visitors. The PCRA should also determine if there is a need to move the patient to a single room with a private bathroom, and any other practice changes needed to address a change in a patient's condition.
- A susceptible host: The PCRA should evaluate whether the susceptible host has developed an infection such as C. difficile infection (e.g., cross-infection from a roommate/HCW) or whether the risk posed by an infected source has increased or decreased (e.g., diarrhea has increased or stools are now formed). The PCRA should lead to a determination of appropriate PPE that should be used to care for the patient in various situations. Examples include changing diaper products, taking a blood pressure or delivering meal trays with no patient or environmental contact, determining whether there is a need to move the patient or the roommates to another area, determining whether there is a need for enhanced housekeeping, and any other care practices required as a result of the change in risk for C. difficile acquisition.
|Source||Higher transmission risk||Lower transmission risk|
|Infectious agent/infected source||Frequent diarrhea||Formed stools|
|Poor hygiene||Good hygiene|
|Not capable of self-care due to physical condition, age or cognitive impairment||Capable of self-care|
|Environment||High patient/nurse ratio||Low patient/nurse ratio|
|Shared bathroom, shared sink||Single room, private in-room toilet, designated patient handwashing sink|
|Shared commode without cleaning between patients||Dedicated commode|
|No hand hygiene at point-of-care||Hand hygiene at point-of-care|
|No designated staff handwashing sink or sink is used for other purposes or sink is dirty||Accessible, designated, clean staff handwashing sink|
|Inadequate housekeeping||Appropriate housekeeping|
|Susceptible host (patient)||Receiving direct patient care||Capable of self-care|
|Poor personal hygiene||Good personal hygiene|
|Source||Higher transmission risk||Lower transmission risk|
|Infectious agent/infected source||Copious respiratory secretions||Minimal respiratory secretions|
|Frequent cough or sneeze||Infrequent cough or sneeze|
|Poor compliance with respiratory hygiene||Compliance with respiratory hygiene practices|
|Early stage of illness||Convalescent stage of illness|
|Not capable of self-care||Capable of self-care|
|Infants and children (potential prolonged viral shedding and environmental contamination)||Adults|
|Immunocompromised (potential prolonged viral shedding)||Immunocompetent|
|Inadequate patient placement or cohorting||Adequate patient placement, cohorting|
|Environment||High patient/nurse ratio||Low patient/nurse ratio|
|Prolonged/frequent contact to infected source||Limited contact with infected source|
|Shared room, washroom||Single room and washroom|
|Inadequate housekeeping||Appropriate housekeeping|
|Shared patient care equipment without cleaning between episodes of patient care||Dedicated equipment or cleaning and disinfection of equipment between uses|
|Inadequate spatial separation between infected source and susceptible host (less than two metres)||Adequate spatial separation between infected source and susceptible host (at least two metres)|
|Non-compliance with cleaning and disinfections standards||Compliance with cleaning and disinfection standards|
|Not capable of self-care||Capable of self-care|
|Underlying disease||No underlying disease|
|Susceptible||Immunized or recovered from disease|
(HCWs or other staff)
|Inadequate application of engineering, administrative and PPE controls||Performs PCRA and chooses PPE appropriate to risk|
|Inadequate hand hygiene||Compliance with appropriate hand hygiene|
|Infected source actively coughing and sneezing unable to contain secretions||Compliance with respiratory hygiene|
|Not immunized against the circulating strain of influenza virus||Immunized against the circulating influenza virus more than two weeks prior to exposure|
Applying control measures following point-of-care risk assessment
Additional precautions are to be applied as per the organizational policies and procedures. The PCRA of the circumstances of the patient, the environment and the task to be performed determine the control measures that should be used. Control measures are at the level of HCW patient care practices and PPE in the hierarchy of controls, and may include:
- hand hygiene, ensuring point-of-care ABHR is available and used (expected as the standard of care for all HCWs in all healthcare settings)
- patient placement and accommodation, prioritizing patients with uncontained wound drainage or uncontained diarrhea into a single room or placing a patient with suspected or confirmed airborne infection into an AIIR with the door closed
- treatment of active infection
- roommate selection for shared rooms or for transport in shared ambulances (and other types of transportation, such as air ambulances, taxis), considering the immune status of patients who will potentially be exposed to certain infections (e.g., measles, mumps, rubella, varicella)
- patient flow, restricting the movement of symptomatic patients within the specific patient care area/facility or outside the facility, as appropriate, for the suspected or confirmed microbial etiology
- work assignment, considering the immune status of HCWs who will potentially be exposed to certain infections (e.g., measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella)
- personal protective equipment selection, applying PPE appropriate to the suspected or confirmed infection or colonization
- cleaning and disinfecting non-critical patient care equipment and the patient environment
- handling of linen and waste
- restricting visitor access where appropriate
- reassessing the need for continuing or discontinuing additional precautions
2. Healthcare worker control measures to reduce exposure to and transmission of infectious agents
Routine practices are a comprehensive set of IPC measures that have been developed for use in the routine care of all patients at all times in all healthcare settings. Routine practices aim to minimize or prevent HAIs in all individuals in the healthcare setting, including patients, HCWs, visitors and contractors. Routine practices address infectious agent/infected source control, susceptible host protection and environmental hygiene utilizing aspects from all components of the hierarchy of controls.
All HCWs (e.g. physicians, nurses, allied HCWs, students, volunteers and others) are responsible for complying with routine practices and for tactfully calling infractions to the attention of offenders. No one is exempt from complying with routine practices.
Patients and visitors have a responsibility to comply with routine practices where indicated. Teaching patients and visitors basic principles (e.g., hand hygiene, use of PPE) is the responsibility of all HCWs.
Routine practices—Hand hygiene
The efficacy of hand disinfection in reducing nosocomial infection, as recognized by Semmelweis in 1847, has been repeatedly reaffirmedFootnote 303, Footnote 304. Use of ABHR has been shown to reduce HAI ratesFootnote 217, Footnote 305. Hand hygiene with point-of-care ABHR is the standard of care expected in all healthcare settings and of all HCWs.
A consistent trend demonstrating a reduction in infection rates related to improved hand hygiene has been reportedFootnote 305, Footnote 306, Footnote 307, Footnote 308, Footnote 309. However, sustaining improved hand hygiene rates and the reduction of HAIs is difficult, as a return to prestudy rates often occurs once the study is completed and interventions to promote hand hygiene are discontinuedFootnote 310, Footnote 311. Refer to the PHAC IPC guideline Hand Hygiene Practices in Healthcare SettingsFootnote 217 for further information.
Routine practices—Patient placement and accommodation
Accommodation of inpatients in single rooms facilitates IPC activities. Single rooms with a private toilet, designated patient handwashing sink and designated staff handwashing sink may reduce opportunities for cross-transmission between patients, particularly when the patient has poor hygiene, contaminates the environment, or cannot comply with IPC measures because of physical, behavioural and/or cognitive impairment(s)Footnote 201, Footnote 202, Footnote 289, Footnote 290, Footnote 291, Footnote 292, Footnote 293, Footnote 294, Footnote 295, Footnote 296, Footnote 297, Footnote 297, Footnote 299, Footnote 300, Footnote 301, Footnote 302. The HCW, in consultation with bed/accommodation coordinators and/or ICP professionals, as necessary, should select the most appropriate accommodation based on the PCRA and for prioritizing use of single rooms and AIIRs, if these are scarce.
Routine practices—Patient flow
Patient flow refers to patient transfer/transport within and outside of the facility and patient activity. There is a potential for exposure to and transmission of microorganisms as a result of patient activity and transport, due to inadvertent contact with other patients, patient care items and environmental surfaces. Patients should not be transported between patient care units, departments or facilities unless medically necessary. Frequent patient transfers should be avoided, as this increases the number of interactions with staff and other patients, providing opportunities for transmission to occurFootnote 25.
Routine practices—Aseptic technique for injections and intravascular and other invasive procedures
Aseptic technique is the purposeful prevention of transfer of microorganisms from the patient's body surface to a normally sterile body site or from one person to another by keeping the microbe count to an irreducible minimum. Aseptic techniques, sometimes referred to as sterile techniques, are measures designed to render the patient's skin, supplies and surfaces maximally free from microorganisms. Such practices are used when performing procedures that expose the patient's normally sterile sites (e.g., intravascular system, spinal canal, subdural space, urinary tract) in such a manner as to keep them free from microorganisms. Components of aseptic technique prior to a procedure may involve the following: preparing the patient's skin with an antiseptic; hand hygiene, preferably with ABHR or, if not accessible, an antimicrobial soap; sterile gloves, gowns, masks, equipment, and drapes; and maintaining a sterile field.
Infections may result from failure to use proper skin antisepsis prior to injection of medications, vaccines or venipunctureFootnote 312, Footnote 313. Chlorhexidine in alcohol inactivates microorganisms on the skin more effectively than most other antiseptics, and is the preferred antiseptic for skin preparation prior to insertion of central venous catheters and pulmonary artery cathetersFootnote 314, Footnote 315, Footnote 316, Footnote 317. Evidence suggests maximal aseptic barriers (including a head cap, mask, long-sleeved sterile surgical gown, sterile gloves and large (full bed) sterile drape during insertion) reduce infection rates associated
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2,900 of those who attended event were students from across the region, but some in attendance Thursday also attended the first dedication ceremony 50 years ago.
One of those was 98-year-old Carl Garner, who was chief engineer on the Greers Ferry Dam project. He also was chief engineer Bull Shoals and Table Rock dam during his 58 years with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.
Garner, who attended Thursday’s event with his wife, Jean, said he remembers riding with Kennedy after the dedication back to a waiting helicopter.
“We were riding to the helicopter and the World Series was going on and (Kennedy) said, ‘turn the radio on and see what the World Series score is,’” Garner said, adding that before they got to the helicopter Kennedy had the car stopped so he could shake hands with Arkansas National Guard officers who were standing on the side of the road.
Heber Springs Mayor Jackie McPherson described Garner as “the father of of Greers Ferry Lake.”
Maggie Douglas, whose grandmother was first cousin of Bud Greer, who owned and operated the ferry and the man the dam was named after, said she was teaching in the Hoxie School District in 1963 and decided to drive to Heber Springs hoping to get a glimpse of Kennedy.
She said she got within about 15 feet of the president.
“He was very much at ease,” she said. “I thought he had a very majestic air about him, that he knew what he was doing, knew what he was talking about.”
Jerry Choate, who also attended Thursday’s ceremony, said she was in high school 50 years ago and got to see Kennedy at the Little Rock fairgrounds after he arrived by helicopter from the dam dedication.
Choate said “hundreds and hundreds of people” were standing behind a fence hoping to see Kennedy when he got out of the helicopter and she climbed a seven-foot-tall chain link fence to get a better view.
“I climbed the chain link fence and put my arms over the top of it and, low and behold, he was walking through the crowd,” Choate said. “He was right below, shaking hands and smiling … and I was screaming, ‘President Kennedy, President Kennedy.’”
The president stopped right in front of her, “and he looked at me and just remember how suddenly his auburn hair was just glistening, and his smile and his eyes,” she said, adding Kennedy reached up and grabbed her hands and said, “hello.’”
“It still gives me goose bumps and that moment has forever been special,” Choate said.
Mills’ granddaughter, Becky Yates, also came to Thursday’s ceremony from her home in New Jersey.
The Greers Ferry Dam was constructed on the Little Red River between 1959 and 1962.
The dam’s primary function is flood control, but the facility also serves as a hydroelectric power plant. Greers Ferry Lake, created as a result of the dam, is a popular recreational destination and a major contributor to Arkansas’ tourism industry.
Greers Ferry Dam measures 1,704 feet in length and stands 243 feet above the stream bed of the Little Red River. It cost $46.5 million and created a reservoir of between 30,000 and 40,000 acres, depending on water level, and over 340 miles of shoreline in Cleburne and Van Buren counties, according to the Encyclopedia of Arkansas History and Culture.domenica 22 dicembre 2013
Modalità del neoliberismo
da NEOLIBERISMO COME ECCEZIONE-Aihwa Ong (La casa Usher)
Ripercorriamo brevemente la geneologia del concetto di neoliberismo.Una discussione analitica del neoliberismo dovrebbe prendere le mosse dal monito lanciato da Karl Polanyi agli inizi del ventesimo secolo sul pericolo costituito dal permettere che il meccanismo del libero mercato fosse il solo vettore del destino degli esseri umani e del pianeta.Polanyi,come è noto,sosteneva che la società moderna fosse caratterizzata da un "doppio movimento" ,attraverso il quale la libera circolazione di capitale incontra una controforza:la domanda politica di autoprotezione contro gli effetti distruttivi e polarizzanti del libero mercato sulla vita contemporanea.Polanyi credeva che la legislazione dello Stato potesse regolare i mercati e dunque proteggere la società.
I critici di Polanyi,al contrario,erano scettici sulla possibilità che leggi e norme sociali assicurassero il miglior uso delle risorse per la società.Il filosofo austriaco Friedrich von Hayek propose una teoria economica alternativa,identificando nelle azioni individuali che cercano di massimizzare l'interesse la chiave per assicurare un'allocazione efficiente delle risorse pubbliche.Al cuore del liberismo di Hayek c'è l'homo economicus,una figura della ragione strumentale forgiata dalle effervescenti condizioni della competizione sul mercato.Le idee di Hayek influenzarono Milton Friedman e Gary Becker,due dei maggiori esponenti della Sciola neoliberista di Chicago degli anni 60'.Questa dottrina è stata poi associata al tatcherismo e al reaganismo e alla prima ondata di neoliberismo degli anni 80'.Negli Stati Uniti ,la dottrina neoliberale fu usata per attaccare il big government e lo Stato sociale burocratico.L'attenzione fu rivolta alla ristrutturazione del settore privato statale con l'obiettivo di incrementare l'aziendalizzazione e la privatizzazione e garantire "efficienza".All'estero la liberalizzazione economica fu promossa al fine di aprire l'accesso ai mercati stranieri.Quando queste pratiche furono esportate al Blocco dell'Est come un pacchetto di strategie di "aggiustamento" per ristrutturare le economie socialiste così da rendere competitive ,ci si riferì a queste politiche come al "Washington consensus".All'estero,queste politiche di privatizzazione e di apertura dell'economia furono anche chiamate "neoliberismo americano" o globalizzazione economica:politiche che supportavano uno spostamento globale nella programmazione economica dal livello nazionale a quello regionale,attraverso la formazione di blocchi commerciali.
Negli anni 90',una nuova generazione di economisti,tra cui Francis Fukuyama e Jeffrey Sachs,descrisse il neoliberismo come l'inevitabile punto finale dell'evoluzione dell'economia di mercato.Noti intellettuali come Joseph Stiglitz e Jurgen Habermas lamentano le conseguenze sociali della globalizzazione economica e promossero una difesa politica contro le devastazioni prodotte da un mercato lasciato a se stesso.Ma mentre nei dibattiti si soppesavano i pro e i contro del neoliberismo,i piu concordarono nel sostenere che esso "è l'espressione di un tipo specifico di modernizzazione progressiva".In questa seconda ondata del neoliberismo fu particolarmente sottolineata l'interiorizzazione individuale di caratteristiche neoliberali,basata in modo del tutto nuovo sulle tecnologie di soggettivazione.Durante l'amministrazione Clinton,la "responsabilizzazione individuale" divenne la norma anche in ambiti che prima erano considerati garantiti,come la salute e l'educazione,e fu unita come logica di programmi di workfare.In breve, gli elementi principali del neoliberismo come filososofia politica sono (a) l'assunzione che il mercato sia piu efficiente dello Stato nel distribuire risorse pubbliche e (b) il ritorno a una "forma primitiva di individualismo:un individualismo "competitivo", "possessivo" e costruito spesso nei termini della dottrina della "sovranità del consumatore".E' importante notare che il ragionamento neoliberile si basa tanto su assunti economici (l'efficienza) quanto etici (la responsabilità individuale).
Nelle scienze umane esiste un generale accordo sul fatto che il neoliberismo sia divenuto la logica dominante di molti aspetti della vita contemporanea.Tuttavia permane un disaccordo in merito all'obiettivo,all'organizzazione e al potere-sapere della razionalità di mercato.Come fenomeno sociale,il neoliberismo è stato studiato sopratutto riproponendo i concetti marxiani di ideologia di classe e di mutamento strutturale sia a livello nazionale che globale.Una critica proveniente dalla "nuova sinistra" ha riconosciuto nel nel neoliberismo un'ideologia di classe che attacca il welfare in paesi liberali avanzati come la Gran Bretagna.A un livello ancora piu astratto,esso è considerato l'ultima fase dal'egemonia globale e strutturale del capitalismo.Per esempio Stephen Gill sostiene che il neoliberismo sia un ordine epocale fondato sulla ristrutturazione,"quasi giuridica" ,delle relazioni tra Stati nazione e agenzie transnazionali.Egli ritiene che questo regime disciplinare globale sia accompagnato da una nozione egemonica di progresso inevitabile e da una gerarchia sociale associata alla "civilizzazione del mercato".
Queste posizioni,le quali danno vita a una cornice teorica che immagina un Nord del mondo neoliberale contro un Sud sotto assedio,in antropologia sembrano aver generato due scuole di pensiero.La prima identifica una "cultura del neoliberismo" proprio del Nord che genera risposte nel Sud (economie sommerse,movimenti messianici e altri sommovimenti sociali).La seconda cerca di identificare gli "Stati neoliberali" che monopolizzano il capitale e gestiscono il potere "a livello globale".David Harvey si riferisce allo "Stato neoliberale" come un idealtipo e perciò involontariamente presenta lo Stato come fosse un concetto politico dotato di autonomia.Questo approccio incorre inevitabilmente in problemi quando si confronta con l'Asia orientale,la regione economicamente piu dinamica del mondo..Harvey si riferisce allo "strano caso della Cina",apparentemente a causa della difficoltà di conciliare analiticamente la coesistenza del socialismo cinese con una attività capitalistica febbrile.
Le nuove combinazioni tra interventi neoliberali e culture politiche asiatiche sfidano approcci tipologici basati sul semplice asse geografico nord-sud o sul modello degli Stati-nazione.Piu che considerare il neoliberismo come la "risacca" dei fenomeni di mercato che si propagano dai paesi dominanti a quelli piu piccoli dovremmo scopporre il neoliberismo in varie tecnologie:il tipo di eccezioni politiche che permette pratiche sovrane non ortodosse e le tecniche di soggettivazione che deviano dalla norma stabilita.Le forme neoliberali che dominano nei milieux est-asiatici sono spesso in tensione con le sensibilità culturali locali e con l'identità nazionale.Mentre i tecnocrati abbracciano le priorità del mondo degli affari e legittimano gli ideali del talento umano e dell'auto imprenditorialità,molte persone comuni restano scettiche sui criteri di mercato e il loro assalto ai valori collettivi e agli interessi della comunità.La sfida lanciata alla ricerca etnografica non è quella di trovare una scala di azione "appropriata",nazionale,globale e locale,quanto piuttosto quella di identificare una prospettiva che ci permetta di esaminare le linee mobili della mutazione generata dall'eccezione neoliberale.ارزش ریالی کاهش تلفات برق در لرستان ۳۵ میلیارد تومان بود - نمایش محتوای خبر
ارزش ریالی کاهش تلفات برق در لرستان ۳۵ میلیارد تومان بود
مدیر عامل شرکت توزیع برق لرستان گفت: طی سال گذشته ارزش ریالی کاهش تلفات برق در لرستان ۳۵ میلیارد تومان بوده است.
محمد بحرینی در گفتگو با خبرنگار مهر با اشاره به برنامه ریزی های صورت گرفته برای کاهش تلفات برق در لرستان اظهار داشت: طی امسال نیز مانند سال گذشته توجه ویژه ای از سوی شرکت توزیع برق استان در این رابطه صورت خواهد گرفت.
وی با اشاره به کاهش ۲۹۴ میلیون کیلو وات ساعت مصرف برق در استان بیان داشت: ارزش ریالی این میزان کاهش تلفات برق در استان ۳۵ میلیارد تومان بوده است.
مدیر عامل شرکت توزیع برق لرستان با بیان اینکه این شرکت طی سال گذشته توانست در میان شرکت های توزیع برق کشور مقام برتر را در بحث کاهش تلفات برق کسب کند گفت: همچنین طرح مدیریت مصرف برق در لرستان از ابتدای مهر ماه سال گذشته آغاز شده و تا پایان شهریور ماه امسال ادامه خواهد داشت.
بحرینی همچنین کاهش هزینه های اجرای پروژه ها را یکی دیگر از برنامه های مهم شرکت توزیع برق لرستان برشمرد و گفت: این امر موجب حفظ کیفیت در اجرای پروژه ها، اصلاح تجهیزات و همچنین کاهش زمان اجرای پروژه های شرکت خواهد شد.
وی با اشاره به نصب نرم افزار کنترل پروژه ها در همه واحدهای اجرایی و ستاد شرکت برق استان از سال گذشته بیان داشت: این اقدام طی امسال نیز دنبال خواهد شد.
درخشش شبکه افلاک لرستان با مجموعه عروسکی«سفرهای چی باد» در دومین جشنواره ملی پویانمایی و برنامه های عروسکی تلویزیونی کرمانشاه
مهدی جمالی نژاد افزود: در گذشته متوسط سرانه هر نفر روستایی در بودجه دهیاری های ۶۶۰ هزار ریال بود که اکنون پنج برابر شده که برای توسعه خدمات و رونق زندگی روستایی کارگشا بوده است.
وی بیان کرد: اعتبار بخشی به روستاها در این دولت به کاهش مهاجرت ها و ارتقای کیفیت کار کمک کرده است.
رییس سازمان شهرداریها و دهیاریهای کشور ادامه داد: خلاقیت و نوآوری از اصول مهم ایجاد درآمد برای این نهادهاست که انتخاب افرادی با این استعداد در شورای اسلامی توسط مردم و انتخاب دهیاران و شهرداران خلاق از سوی شوراها لازم است.
به گفته وی وابستگی به اعتبارات دولتی در شرایط خاص مسیر خدمت رسانی را سخت می کند.
وی با اشاره به موقعیت شهرهای تیران و کرون که در مسیر جاده ای قرار گرفتند، تصریح کرد: شهرهای بین راهی از ثروتمندترین مناطق به سبب فرصت های درآمدی هستند که مدیران چنین شهرهایی باید طرح های جدیدی داشته باشند.
جمالی نژاد یادآور شد: در ۲ سال گذشته حمایت نقدی و غیر نقدی زیادی از شهرداری ها و دهیاری های کشور شده اما برنده واقعی روستاها و شهرهای دارای طرح های نوآورانه هستند.
وی با اشاره به وجود ۹۲ هزار روستا و سکونتگاه در کشور خاطرنشان کرد: ۴۰ هزار از این تعداد روستاها دارای دهیاری هستند و هزار و ۴۰۰ شهردار در مناطق شهری فعالیت می کنند.
معاون وزیر کشور گفت: شهرداری ها و دهیاری ها باید خصوصی و بدون وابستگی به دولت فعالیت کنند و استخدام دولتی نیروهای آن ها بدنه دولت را سنگین و پیشرفت کار سخت می شود.
وی با بیان اینکه لایحه ساماندهی نیروهای دهیاری ها و ساختار سازمانی آنان در هیات دولت مصوب به مجلس رفته است، گفت: این اقدام فعالیت دهیاران و نیروهای آن ها را اصالت می دهد.
وی شفاف سازی را مهم برشمرد و افزود: چنین اقدامی رابطه بین شهرداری ها و مردم را بهبود می بخشد و آشتی ایجاد می کند.Bovine Virus Diarrhoea (BVD) infection is a widespread disease of major economic importance to cattle farmers. It is caused by a virus which infects cattle and to a lesser extent sheep and other
ruminants. A recent SAC study demonstrates that up to approximately 40% of dairy and beef herds in Scotland have been exposed to BVD, and that there are 2,000 to 4,000 Persistently Infected animals in the country.
Although BVD does cause diarrhoea, the main disease occurs when BVDV infects susceptible pregnant cows in the first 4 months of pregnancy before the foetus has developed its own immune system. The virus crosses the placental barrier into the uterus and can cause foetal death and reabsorpbion, presenting as infertility or ‘repeat breeding’. Other infected foetuses die later and can be aborted right up to term or be stillborn. Many foetuses however survive to term. Some are damaged and grow poorly but many are apparently normal. All of them are persistently infected (P.I.) with the virus, which is widespread in their bodies.
The disease is mainly spread by these Persistently Infected, (or P.I.) cattle. They will have BVD all their lives and they shed virus extensively, infecting cattle around them. Most die as calves or stirks from a fatal enteritis (mucosal disease) but a few live much longer and some P.I. animals appear normal. If a P.I. cow breeds successfully she will always produce a P.I. calf. Therefore getting P.I cattle out of the national herd is critical to any eradication attempt.
When non-pregnant cattle encounter BVD infection they may suffer only a mild disease that goes undetected (transient fever, milk drop, mild scour) but it can also be associated with significant suppression of disease resistance and may contribute towards the pneumonia complex or other diseases in calves .
This aspect of the disease can be of great importance in cattle rearing systems. Bulls infected with the virus may become infertile for several months so it is important to include them in any herd vaccination program.
There are some basic steps you can follow to minimise exposure of your herd to BVD:
- Only buy cattle from farms that are CHeCS-accredited BVD-free.
- Only buy cattle at BVD-free sales at markets.
- Only buy cattle that are individually certified virus-free and vaccinated.
- Isolate any cattle you bring in, that are of unknown BVD status, from the rest of your herd and have them tested for virus. Only put them into your herd once you know they are clear.
- BVD can be spread by nose to nose contact across fences. Ensure at least 3m gaps between fences bordering your land from neighbouring farms of unknown BVD status.
- Vaccination: It is important to understand that while vaccination may lessen the infection of BVD it will not eradicate BVD, either from a herd or nationally. P.I. cattle are so highly infectious that they will continue to spread BVD even if the herd is vaccinated. It is vital that the vaccine is administered exactly as instructed on the data sheet. This means giving two doses 4-6weeks apart and then a booster 6/12 months later and annually thereafter. If you don't follow the
instructions, your herd will not be properly protected. It is possible to eradicate BVDV either with or without the use of vaccines, but if a non-vaccination route is chosen, biosecurity is critically important.
The Scottish Government has committed to supporting an industry-led scheme to eradicate BVD from Scotland. The plan is in four stages:
Stage One: Subsidised screening.
Stage One ran from September 2010 to April 2011. The Scottish Government provided £36 towards testing for BVD for each herd, and a further £72 towards further testing or veterinary advice if the result was positive.
Stage Two: Mandatory Annual Screening.
All keepers of breeding cattle herds are required to screen their herds for BVD by 1 February 2013, and annually thereafter. A range of testing methods is available. Also, where there are
calves born in non-breeding
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or stray cats and whether acaricide products were used routinely. Information regarding clinic-epidemiological studies performed in cats in other continents is summarized in Table 4.
Bartonella henselae infection is commonly encountered in cats and potentially dogs and humans worldwide (Tables 2, 3, 4, 5). Bartonella clarridgeiae, B. quintana, B. koehlerae and B. bovis are less frequently isolated from domestic cats than B. henselae, potentially because these species are more difficult to isolate or are unevenly distributed worldwide (Tables 2, 4). In Europe, B. clarridgeiae serological and molecular prevalence rates vary from 17 to 36%, while B. quintana seroprevalence rates range from 0 to 18%, among a few reported studies (Table 2). Interestingly, B. koehlerae and B. bovis have not yet been documented to infect cats in Europe although B. koehlerae DNA has been amplified from cat fleas in France .
Bartonella exposure or infection prevalence studies involving cats have been widely reported from around the world (Tables 2, 4), whereas fewer serological or isolation studies are available regarding Bartonella exposure or infection in dogs (Fig. 2). In the USA, one study found a 3.6 % B. vinsonii berkhoffii seroprevalence in 1920 clinically ill dogs. The B. vinsonii berkhoffii seroprevalence increased to 36 and 52% if the dogs were co-exposed to Ehrlichia canis or Babesia canis, respectively . Another study found B. henselae IgG antibodies in 10.1% of healthy dogs and in 27.2% of sick dogs, whereas B. vinsonii berkhoffii IgG antibodies were detected in only 1% of healthy dogs and 4.7% of sick dogs . A recent Bartonella seroepidemiology study from North America found overall low B. henselae, B. koehlerae and B. vinsonii berkhoffii seroprevalences in dogs in which a vector-borne disease was suspected . In California, 102 out of 3417 (2.99%) sick dogs were seroreactive for at least one species of Bartonella antigen. Of these, 36 (35.3%) had antibodies against B. henselae only, 34 (33.3%) had antibodies against B. clarridgeiae only, 2 (2.0%) had antibodies against B. vinsonii berkhoffii only and 30 (29.4%) had antibodies against a combination of these antigens . Although the sensitivity of Bartonella spp. indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) most likely under estimates overall seroprevalence, IFA specificity appears to approach 100% . Bartonella seroprevalence data is more limited in Europe and other continents in dogs when compared to North America (Tables 3, 5). In Europe, 3% were B. henselae-seropositive in the UK and 5.8% in Italy . In Spain, B. henselae and B. vinsonii berkhoffii seroprevalences were 16.8 and 1.1%, respectively . Moreover, it is important to remark that after a search in PubMed we found around seven times more reports of Bartonella infection in dogs in the USA than in Europe [5, 14, 28,29,30,31, 38, 75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,97,98,99,100]. Information regarding clinico-epidemiological studies performed in dogs in other continents is summarized in Table 5.
The annual number of human cases of CSD in the USA is estimated to be 12,000 outpatients and 500 inpatients . Comparative data have not been reported for European countries. By IFA testing, B. henselae seroprevalence rates reported for humans in Europe range between 3 and 30% [51, 102, 103]. A recent study that used six Bartonella spp. or genotype antigens to test 89 Spanish veterinarians documented a high Bartonella spp. seroprevalence (73.0%), as well as a high molecular prevalence (7.9%) using Bartonella alpha proteobacteria growth medium (BAPGM)/PCR . Interestingly, the lowest IFA seroreactivity was found against B. quintana antigen (11.2%) and the highest, against B. vinsonii berkhoffii genotype III antigen (56%). Infection with B. henselae, B. vinsonii berkhoffii genotypes I and III, and B. quintana DNA was documented . In a previous study carried out in Spain using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit B. henselae seroprevalence in cat owners, and blood donors was 28.9 and 5.9%, respectively . These lower percentages most likely reflect differences in the antigens used, and exposure risks among the study populations. It is relevant to remark that veterinary personnel have a major exposure risk compared to the general population .
Infection and pathogenesis
In animal models, mainly cat and mouse, after initial inoculation the infection cycle of Bartonella spp. is initiated by colonization of the still enigmatic primary niche where the bacteria reside, persist and are periodically seeded into the bloodstream to cause the typical relapsing Bartonella spp. bacteremia . Endothelial cells, lymph nodes, liver, spleen, kidney, dermis and the bone marrow are some of the proposed niches where Bartonella spp. have been isolated from mammals [106,107,108,109,110,111,112]. Bartonella henselae has been shown to infect erythrocytes, endothelial cells, macrophages, microglial cells and even human CD 34+ progenitor cells [113,114,115,116]. In a recent study, Bartonella tribocorum subcutaneous inoculated in rats led to bloodstream invasion through the lymphatic circulation , a finding that may have clinical implications for diseases such as chylothorax.
Bartonella tribocorum was able to resist macrophage phagocytosis and to inhibit pyroptosis at an early stage of infection . Endothelial cells are an important target cell type in probably all mammals, including humans incidentally infected by zoonotic species . The tropism of Bartonella spp. for endothelial cells in conjunction with their proximity to the bloodstream suggest that endothelial cells are an important constituent of the primary niche . In mammalian reservoir hosts, Bartonella spp. infection is characterized by chronic intraerythrocytic bacteremia whereas in accidental hosts the bacteria are less frequently documented in association with intraerythrocytic bacteremia, potentially due to a very low-level infection of erythrocytes [105, 119]. Bartonella spp. are able to colonize endothelial cells in both, accidental and reservoir hosts . The endothelial or vascular niche provides the bacterium with a means of seeding the blood with organisms on a sporadic basis, potentially contributing to infection of CD34+ progenitor cells in the bone marrow, as well as circulating erythrocytes and monocytes .
In dogs, B. vinsonii berkhoffii can induce vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) endothelial cell proliferations, as reported for B. bacilliformis, B. henselae and B. quintana in human patients leading to vascular tumor formation and vasoproliferation, particularly in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or therapeutic suppression of the immune system . There is in vitro evidence that B. vinsonii berkhoffii genotypes I, II and III are capable of inducing activation of hypoxia inducible factor-1 and production of VEGF, thereby providing mechanistic evidence as to how these bacteria could contribute to the development of vasoproliferative lesions . For this reason, infection with one or more Bartonella spp. may contribute to the pathogenesis of systemic reactive angioendotheliomatosis and hemangiopericytomas in animals [14, 122]. In human patients, activation of hypoxia inducible factor-1 and production of VEGF have been reported for B. bacilliformis, B. henselae and B. quintana leading to vascular tumor formation and vasoproliferation, particularly in patients with HIV or therapeutic suppression of the immune system . Moreover, in humans, Bartonella spp. infections range from low to no morbidity (e.g. reactive, suppurative, or granulomatous lymphoid response in immunocompetent individuals), to occasional mortality (e.g. B. quintana infection), to substantial mortality in Peru due to the severe hemolytic anemia associated with B. bacilliformis .
Clinical signs and laboratory abnormalities
The spectrum of disease manifestations associated with Bartonella spp. infections continues to expand, yet remains incompletely characterized in many domestic and wild animals . Although most acute Bartonella infections are probably self-limiting, persistent infections appear to be associated with a wide variety of clinical signs and pathological abnormalities in cats, dogs, and humans. Bartonella infections manifest from subclinical bacteremia (e.g. healthy animal and human blood donors) to encephalitis, fever of unknown origin, lymphadenomegaly, endocarditis and myocarditis, ocular disease (neuroretinitis, uveitis), skin inflammation and many other less common disease manifestations . Some factors that could influence the appearance of disease manifestations include virulence differences among Bartonella spp. and strains, mode of transmission, differences in the host immune response, concurrent infectious or non-infectious diseases, immunosuppression and malnutrition [16, 125].
In the context of comparative medicine, One Health and pet ownership, B. henselae, B. koehlerae and B. vinsonii berkhoffii are the three Bartonella spp. most frequently associated with pathology in cats, dogs and humans. As reservoir host for B. henselae and B. koehlerae, cats can be sub clinically infected for months and even years . However, more virulent strains of these species, as well as other Bartonella spp. for which cats are accidental hosts, appear to result in enhanced pathogenicity (Table 6). Furthermore, immunosuppressive viral infections like feline leukemia virus (FeLV) may predispose to B. henselae infection or persistence in cats (Table 6). Despite long-standing bloodstream infection in cats, complete blood count, serum biochemical profiles and urinalysis findings are frequently normal; however, laboratory abnormalities reported with some frequency in sick cats include anemia, eosinophilia, hyperproteinemia, hyperglobulinemia, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia . In cats experimentally infected with B. henselae by blood transfusion, histopathological lesions revealed peripheral lymph node hyperplasia, splenic follicular hyperplasia, lymphocytic cholangitis/pericholangitis, lymphocytic hepatitis, lymphoplasmacytic myocarditis and interstitial lymphocytic nephritis . These indicators of chronic inflammation support the need for long-term studies to determine if cats (or other animals) suffer biological consequences for long-standing infection with one or more Bartonella spp.
Currently, dogs appear to be an accidental rather than reservoir host for B. henselae, which is supported by the fact that this is the most frequently documented Bartonella spp. detected in sick dogs . Bartonella henselae DNA was also the predominant Bartonella spp. amplified and sequenced from dogs with splenic hemangiosarcomas . To date, B. henselae is the only Bartonella spp. associated with peliosis hepatis in dogs and humans [130, 131]. Bartonella henselae has been associated with other disease manifestations in dogs (Table 6) such as pyogranulomatous lymphadenitis, hepatitis and pulmonary nodules, dermatitis, panniculitis and endocarditis [92, 93, 99, 132]. In humans, B. henselae causes cutaneous vasoproliferative lesions (bacillary angiomatosis) and parenchymal vasoproliferative lesions of the liver, spleen (bacillary peliosis), and less frequently other tissues, particularly in immunosuppressed individuals including transplant recipients, and HIV and cancer patients [14, 133] (Table 6).
Bartonella vinsonii berkhoffii was first isolated from a dog with endocarditis in 1993 . In dogs, B. vinsonii berkhoffii infection has been associated with endocarditis, arrhythmias, myocarditis, granulomatous lymphadenitis and granulomatous rhinitis. Clinical cases of B. vinsonii berkhoffii infection in cats and humans have been rarely described in the literature and clinical findings are summarized in Table 6. Current studies indicate Bartonella spp. infections appear to be more pathogenic in dogs and humans than in cats, potentially reflecting differences in host evolutionary adaptations to these vector-borne organisms.
To date, few cases of canine bartonellosis have been reported from Europe (Fig. 2) or other continents when compared with the USA, and the clinical findings match those described in dogs from the USA. Bartonella-associated inflammatory cardiomyopathy was described in a dog from Italy . Bartonella infection in association with panniculitis, polyarthritis and meningitis was reported in a dog from England . In France, B. henselae was amplified from blood of a dog with fever of unknown origin and granulomatous lymphadenitis as well as from saliva in a subclinical German dog owned by a human patient suffering angioedema due to B. henselae . In Spain, B. koehlerae DNA was amplified from blood and mitral valve tissue of a dog with infective endocarditis and B. rochalimae, B. vinsonii berkhoffii and B. koehlerae were detected by PCR in valve tissue or blood from eight out of 30 (26.6%) dogs with blood culture-negative endocarditis . In another study seroreactivity to B. henselae was detected in a dog with a monoclonal gammopathy and Bartonella species DNA was amplified from splenic tissue .
Diagnosis and identification methods
Accurate diagnosis of Bartonella infections remains challenging. Currently there is no diagnostic technique for which a negative result assures the absence of infection. The most frequently used techniques for the detection of acute and chronic infections are specialized microbiological culture techniques, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), immunohistochemistry (IHC) and serology .
Specialized culture techniques including lysis centrifugation, cell culture isolation and growth enrichment in insect biochemical composition growth media are the “gold standard” for confirmation of Bartonella infection. Optimal samples for microbiological culture include blood, cerebrospinal fluid , joint fluid , pathological effusions and tissue biopsies . In reservoir-adapted hosts such as rodents and cats and infrequently in accidental hosts (sick dogs or humans), Bartonella spp. can be cultured successfully with agar plates containing 5% defibrinated rabbit or sheep blood, that are maintained at 35 °C in a high humidity chamber with 5% CO2 concentration. Agar plate isolation requires prolonged incubation times: bacterial colonies may not be visible until 10–56 days after inoculation of the agar plate . Because Bartonella spp. are fastidious, slow-growing bacteria, a negative blood culture or biopsy culture after a long incubation period does not exclude suspected Bartonella infection . Furthermore, the patient can be intermittently bacteremic as documented in feline B. henselae experimental infections [59, 112]. Similarly, testing serial blood specimens collected over a 7-day period enhanced microbiological documentation of Bartonella as reported in humans . BAPGM, an optimized insect cell medium, has been used in an enrichment culture platform to enhance the growth of Bartonella spp. prior to attempted subculture bacterial isolation. The BAPGM, prior to PCR testing, has been used to increase sensitivity for documentation of infection, thereby facilitating a diagnosis of bartonellosis in cats, dogs and humans . The BAPGM platform combines enrichment culture of a clinical specimen in the liquid growth medium for a minimum of 7 days, followed by a highly sensitive PCR assay designed to amplify all known Bartonella spp. . When testing cat blood samples, B. henselae and B. clarridgeiae can often be isolated effectively using agar plates; however, isolation of the same Bartonella spp. from sick cats, dogs, horses or human blood samples using an identical isolation approach lacks sensitivity. Although additional optimization of Bartonella spp. isolation is needed, the introduction of BAPGM has facilitated the successful isolation of B. henselae and several other Bartonella spp. from dog, horse, human and wildlife blood samples [142,143,144,145].
The most employed tissue for Bartonella detection by PCR is peripheral blood. However, PCR for Bartonella spp. detection and characterization can be also performed after DNA extraction from cerebrospinal fluid, joint fluid, bacterial cultures, oral swabs, lymph node or other tissue samples or aspirates depending on each individual clinical case. To avoid DNA denaturation by formalin fixation, it is advisable to store tissues for future testing or submit fresh or fresh frozen specimens for PCR amplification of Bartonella DNA. Once the PCR is positive for the genus Bartonella, the species can be determined using species-specific primers or optimally by DNA sequencing [146,147,148,149].
Seroconversion can be used to confirm acute Bartonella spp. infection by documenting a four-fold rise in antibody titer over a 2–3-week period . To date, there has been minimal use of serology or other diagnostic modalities for testing cats or dogs with acute onset illness . Serological tests used to detect antibodies include IFA, ELISA and western immunoblot . Serological tests appear to have good specificity and can be used to confirm prior or ongoing infection, but due to poor sensitivity, serology is of more limited value for predicting bacteremia in dogs and potentially sick cats [69, 150]. In cats, high antibody titers often correlate with positive blood cultures or PCR amplification of Bartonella DNA directly from blood . Alternatively, the inability to detect B. henselae antibodies appears to be predictive of the absence of bacteremia in healthy cats , but similar to dogs and humans, there are sick bacteremic cats that do not have detectable Bartonella spp. antibodies, for reasons that remain unclear . It is important to note that only 50% of dogs infected with B. vinsonii berkhoffii and 25% of dogs infected with B. henselae have Bartonella specific IFA antibody reactivity to the respective organism. PCR amplification of organism-specific gene fragments is often diagnostically useful for Bartonella cases in which culture and serology results are negative .
Studies to date indicate that inflammatory lesions (e.g. pyogranulomatous inflammation) can be severe; however, few organisms are normally visualized . Therefore, stains and techniques to better visualize bacteria in histological specimens are available such as Warthin-Starry staining or immunohistochemistry. Bartonella spp. as well as other bacteria such as Helicobacter pylori or Legionella pneumophila can be visualized in biopsied tissues using Warthin-Starry staining . For this reason, other techniques like Bartonella immun
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Come nel caso della riserva ovarica, il numero di follicoli antrali dipende dall’età e di conseguenza dagli anni si potranno dedurre i livelli normali. In una donna al di sotto dei 35 anni dovremmo osservare almeno 10 follicoli antrali in totale (entrambe le ovaie) e al di sotto dei 5-7 si considera bassa riserva ovarica.
I valori dei follicoli antrali possono cambiare da un mese all’altro?
Il conteggio dei follicoli antrali come test della riserva ovarica ha alcuni limiti in quanto esistono variazioni tra un ciclo e l’altro, sebbene molto piccole; per questo motivo si abbinano al valore dell’ormone antimulleriano (AMH) che non sperimenta modifiche. Inoltre, è una tecnica che dipende dalle abilità dell’operatore, per cui è richiesta la presenza di un ginecologo esperto e un dispositivo (ecografo) ad alta risoluzione.
A cosa serve l’ecografia dei follicoli nel momento basale? In quali casi viene consigliata?
L’ecografia basale nei primi giorni del ciclo offre una prognosi dell’infertilità. Ci aiuta a prevedere la risposta ovarica nelle pazienti che devono sottoporsi ad un processo di stimolazione ovarica e successiva fecondazione in vitro (FIV) e quindi stimare la possibilità di gravidanza con questo trattamento. A seconda della riserva ovarica e ad altre caratteristiche della paziente (età, indice di massa corporea, risposta nei cicli precedenti e, a volte, profilo genetico) programmeremo il trattamento più adeguato al caso. Inoltre, all’inizio della stimolazione ovarica ci permetterà di verificare la situazione di riposo ovarico, vale a dire quando non esiste nessuna ciste residuale nelle ovaie che possa interferire con i medicinali somministrati.
D’altra parte, il conteggio dei follicoli antrali può essere effettuato su donne fertili al di sotto dei 40 anni e offrire consulenza personalizzata sulle diverse opzioni riproduttive, considerando che nei casi di donne con un numero molto basso di follicoli si prevedere un aumento del rischio di menopausa nei 5 anni successivi.
Conteggio dei follicoli antrali come previsione della riserva ovarica
Il conteggio dei follicoli antrali si considera una delle prove migliori per conoscere la situazione della riserva ovarica, non è invasivo e relativamente semplice da effettuare.
La riserva ovarica è la quantità di ovuli disponibili in un momento determinato nell’ovaia di una donna, è variabile nel tempo in quanto si producono durante la vita fetale e non si rigenerano durante la crescita in modo che si consumano progressivamente con il passare del tempo fino alla menopausa.
È importante chiarire che la riserva ovarica non è associata alle possibilità di gravidanza naturale per cui si richiede la maturazione di un unico ovulo al mese come in un ciclo normale; ma sì è legata alle possibilità di gravidanza in FIV perché nel processo di stimolazione ovarica sfruttiamo gli ovuli “in eccesso” delle ovaie per maturare più ovuli contemporaneamente e moltiplicare le probabilità di gravidanza. In questo modo, la stimolazione ovarica non danneggia la riserva ovarica perché utilizza gli ovuli che in quello stesso ciclo sarebbero destinati a perdersi per atresia.
Infine, come è già stato detto, la riserva ovarica indica anche il rischio di menopausa nei cinque anni successivi.
Quali altre analisi diagnostiche possono valutare la riserva ovarica?
L’ormone Antimülleriano (AMH) prodotto nell’ovaio e analizzabile mediante prelievo del sangue, assieme al conteggio dei follicoli antrali, sono la prova migliore per stimare la riserva ovarica. Entrambi sono test quantitativi, ci parlano del numero di ovuli, e non qualitativi, per la cui determinazione non esistono attualmente analisi affidabili e dipende comunque molto dall’età.
Un altro test denominato ormone FSH basal nei primi 5 giorni della mestruazione, potrebbe essere utile per lo studio della riserva ovarica. Come ho spiegato in precedenza, la FSH stimola i follicoli che contengono gli ovuli per la loro maturazione. Quando l’ovaia si trova in prossimità di esaurimento, la FSH aumenta per cercare di equilibrare la situazione e questo è dimostrabile analiticamente anche vari anni prima della menopausa. Inoltre, anche la riduzione del flusso sanguigno ovarico nell’ecografia e l’accorciamento dei cicli possono dare un indizio di una riserva ovarica compromessa.
POTREBBERO INTERESARTI ANCHE:Mahkenin yargıçları Rohinton Nariman, S Ravindra Bhat ve V Ramasubramanian, kararı 4 Mart'ta açıkladı.
Bir dönüm noktası
Hindistan Merkez Bankası, Temmuz 2018'de bankaların kripto şirketler ile iş yapmalarını yasaklamıştı.
IAMAI, internet sektöründeki tüketicileri, hissedarları ve yatırımcıları hükümet ile görüşmelerde temsil eden, kar amacı gütmeyen bir kuruluştur. Birliği üyeleri arasında Yahoo! Hindistan, Apple, eBay, Unocoin ve Etsy yer alıyor.
Hakimler, RBI'ın kararının uygun olmadığı sonucuna vardı. Merkez bankası, kripto paraların dijital ödeme aracı olduğunu ve kuruluşun kanunlardan güç alarak müdahalede bulunduğunu ileri sürdü.
IAMAI avukatı Ashim Sood, buna karşı çıkarak kripto paraların hem emtia, hem değer saklama aracı, hem de değişim aracı görevi görebileceğini ileri sürdü. Sood, RBI'ın finansal şirketlerin kripto şirketlere hizmet sunmasını yasaklama yetkisi olmadığını iddia etti.
Hindistan'da kriptonun geleceği
Davada çıkan kararın ardından Hindistan'ın kripto para sektörü için aşılacak tek bir engel kaldı. Hindistan hükümeti, 2019 sonlarına doğru meclise sunması planlanan ve kripto paraların tümden yasaklanmasını içeren yasa tasarısını ertelemişti.
''Kripto Paranın Yasaklanması ve Resmi Dijital Para Birimlerinin Düzenlenmesi'' adlı yasa tasarısı, iddiaya göre ülkede kripto kullanımını tümden yasaklamayı ve merkez bankası tarafından bir ''Dijital Rupi''nin oluşturulmasını içeriyor.“Long before Madrid became the capital of Spain, Emir Mohamed I chose Magerit (the city’s Arabic name) as the site for a fortress to protect Toledo from the advancing Christians. The building was eventually used by the Kings of Castile until finally becoming what would be known as the Antiguo Alcázar (Old Fortress) in the 14th century. Carlos I and his son Felipe II turned the building into a permanent residence for the Spanish royal family. However, in 1734 a fire burnt the Palace of Los Austrias to the ground, and Felipe V ordered the construction of the palace that stands today.”(https://www.esmadrid.com/en/tourist-information/royal-palace)
Madrid becomes the capital of Espana in 1561. This location was the center of civic and religious government for Florida until 1821.
Spanish Florida was established in 1513 when Juan Ponce de León claimed peninsular Florida for Spain during the first official European expedition to North America. The presidio of St. Augustine was founded on Florida’s Atlantic coast in 1565; a series of missions were established across the Florida panhandle during the 1600s; and Pensacola was founded on the western Florida panhandle in 1698, strengthening Spanish claims to that section of the territory. Spanish Florida did not cease to exist until 1821. (Wikipedia)
Felipe V was monarch from 1700-1746. He was the grandson of Louis XIV. He was born in Versailles and was the first French Bourbon king of Spain, which still rules to this day. He intended to build a type of Versailles in Madrid.
Carlos III was the son of Felipe V. He ruled Spain from 1759 to 1788. Before becoming King of Spain, Carlos III lived in Italy for 19 years.
The French and Italian influence on Spanish culture and specifically the Palacio Real is readily apparent. The architects and artists are all Italian. The plans were based on Bernini’s design for Versailles by Filippo Juvarra and Giovanni Battista Sacchetti in cooperation with Ventura Rodríguez, Francesco Sabatini, and Martín Sarmiento. King Carlos III first occupied the new palace in 1764.
Sculptures of the Kings of Spain, including Aztec ruler Moctezuma II and the Inca emperor Atahualpa.
Built by Sabatini in 1789 when Carlos IV wanted it moved to the opposite side of where Sabatini placed it in 1760, it is composed of a single piece of San Agustin marble. The frescoes on the ceiling are by Corrado Giaquinto and depict Religion Protected by Spain. On the ground floor is a statue of Carlos III in Roman toga, with a similar statue on the first floor depicting Carlos IV. The four cartouches at the corners depict the elements of water, earth, air, and fire.
to the right of the door to find a white marble bust of Felipe V.
The fine inlaid stone table in this room is important to Spaniards because it was here, in 1985, that the king signed the treaty finalizing Spain’s entry into the European Union.
the fresco by Tiepolo, Venus, and Vulcan.
Rooms of Carlos III
Carlos III spent his formative years in Italy. He then refers to Trajan and Hadrian, two Roman Emperors born in Spain.
The entire room is designed, top to bottom, as a single gold-green-pink ensemble: from the frescoed ceiling to the painted stucco figures, silk-embroidered walls, chandelier, furniture, and multicolored marble floor. Each marble was quarried in and therefore represents, a different region of Spain. Birds overhead spread their wings, vines sprout, and fruit bulges from the surface. With curlicues everywhere (including their reflection in the mirrors), the room dazzles the eye and mind. It’s a triumph of the Rococo style, with exotic motifs such as the Chinese people sculpted into the corners of the ceiling. (These figures, like many in the palace, were formed from stucco, or wet plaster.) The fabric gracing the walls was recently restored. Sixty people spent three years replacing the rotten silk fabric and then embroidering back on the silver, silk, and gold threads. (Steves, Rick. Rick Steves Spain 2016 (Kindle Locations 8481-8487). Avalon Publishing. Kindle Edition.)
Queen’s Apartment or Banquet Hall
Formerly the queen’s apartments under Carlos III, the three rooms were converted into a banquet hall by Alfonso XII in 1879 and completed in 1885. The three ceiling frescoes remained though, Dawn in Her Chariot by Raphael Mengs, Christopher Columbus Offering the New World to the Catholic Monarchs by Alejandro González Velázquez, and Boabdil Giving the Keys to Granada to the Catholic Monarchs by Francisco Bayeu y Subías.
Carlos III Bedroom:
Carlos III died here in his bed in 1788. His grandson, Ferdinand VII, redid the room to honor the great man. The room’s blue color scheme recalls the blue-clad monks of Carlos III’s religious order. A portrait of Carlos III (in blue) hangs on the wall. The ceiling fresco shows Carlos III establishing his order, with its various (female) Virtues. At the base of the ceiling (near the harp player) find the baby in his mother’s arms— that would be Ferdy himself, the long-sought male heir, preparing to continue Carlos III’s dynasty. The chandelier is in the shape of the fleur-de-lis (the symbol of the Bourbon family) capped with a Spanish crown. (Steves, Rick. Rick Steves Spain 2016 (Kindle Locations 8501-8506). Avalon Publishing. Kindle Edition. )
This room, where the Spanish monarchs preside, is one of the palace’s most glorious. And it holds many of the oldest and most precious things in the palace: silver-and-crystal chandeliers (from Venice’s Murano Island), elaborate lions, and black bronze statues from the fortress that stood here before the 1734 fire. The 12 mirrors, impressively large in their day, each represent a different month. The throne stands under a gilded canopy, on a raised platform, guarded by four lions (symbols of power found throughout the palace). The coat of arms above the throne shows the complexity of the Bourbon empire across Europe— which, in the 18th century, included Tirol, Sicily, Burgundy, the Netherlands, and more. Though the room was decorated under Carlos III (late 18th century), the throne itself dates only from 1977. In Spain, a new throne is built for each king or queen, complete with a gilded portrait on the back. The room’s chairs also indicate the previous monarchs—“ JC I” and “Sofía.” With Juan Carlos’ abdication, the chairs may not have changed names yet. Today, this room is where the king’s guests salute him before they move on to dinner. He receives them relatively informally… standing at floor level, rather than seated upon the throne. The ceiling fresco (1764) is the last great work by Tiepolo (see sidebar on here), who died in Madrid in 1770. His vast painting (88 × 32 feet) celebrates the vast Spanish empire— upon which the sun also never set. The Greek gods look down from the clouds, overseeing Spain’s empire, whose territories are represented by the people ringing the edges of the ceiling. Find the Native American (hint: follow the rainbow to the macho red-caped conquistador who motions to someone he has conquered). From the near end of the room (where tourists stand), look up to admire Tiepolo’s skill at making a pillar seem to shoot straight up into the sky. The pillar’s pedestal has an inscription celebrating Tiepolo’s boss, Carlos III (“ Carole Magna”). Notice how the painting spills over the gilded wood frame, where 3-D statues recline alongside 2-D painted figures. All of the throne room’s decorations— the fresco, gold garlands, mythological statues, and wall medallions— unite in a multimedia extravaganza. (Steves, Rick. Rick Steves Spain 2016 (Kindle Locations 8550-8553). Avalon Publishing. Kindle Edition.)
EDITOR AND LAST UPDATE
John William Bailly 25 April 2022
COPYRIGHT © ALL RIGHTS RESERVED24 Nov Storie proprie così
Prima dei Tempi di Una Volta, mia cara carissima, c’erano i Tempi dell’Inizo degli Inizi,
quando il Grande Mago preparava l’arrivo di tutte le cose.
All’inizio, preparò la terra, poi il mare. Poi, chiamò tutti gli animali e disse loro che potevano cominciare a giocare.
“Oh, Grande Mago – gli chiesero gli animali – a cosa dobbiamo giocare?”.
Se volete saperlo venite in libreria domenica 29 novembre alle ore 16, dove Alessandro Riccioni, vi racconterà cosa rispose il Grande Mago e altre Storie Proprio Così di Rudyard Kipling.
Cliccando qui troverete tutte le informazioni.
Le Storie proprio così di Rudyard Kipling, edite da Lapis, sono state tradotte da Alessandro Riccioni.Altı tanesi daha yeni ve (çoğunlukla) daha küçük: Brooklyn Latin Okulu, City College Matematik, Bilim ve Mühendislik Lisesi, Lehman College Amerikan Araştırmaları Lisesi, Queens College Bilimler Lisesi ve Staten Island Teknik Lisesi.
Bunu yazarken, kabulleri SHSAT'a dayandıran dokuz Uzman Lisesi var. Seçilecek okulların en kolayı İhtisas Devlet Liseleri'dir.
İlerlemenizi ölçebilir ve hedeflerinize ulaşmak için yolda olup olmadığınıza karar verebilirsiniz. Sizin ve çocuğunuzun daha deneyimli hobilerle tanışabileceğiniz ve bir topluluğun parçası olabileceğiniz bir kulübe katılmak isteyebilirsiniz.
Ödev ve uygulama testleri açık bir şekilde programın bir parçası olmalıdır, ancak bir sınıfın çocuğunuzun veya ailenizin hayatını ele geçirdiğini hissetmemelisiniz.
Eğer köpek eğitiminde yeniysem ve Millan'ın okul öncesi kpss puanları kullanmayı düşünürsem, hem artılarını hem de eksilerini bilmek isterdim.
DogTown'ın bu köpeklerin 24'ünü almak için 450. 000 dolar ödediğini biliyor muydunuz. Bu yüzden biraz daha bekledim, köpek yavrusu geldi ve beni tekrar kokladı, sonra dolaştı ve sahibi çıkıp hepsine tekrar havlamaya başladığında neredeyse sessiz kaldı, sonra kalktım ve çıktım ve ayrıldım.
Diğer bölüm, sahiplerinin herhangi bir çaba sarf etmeden köpeklerinden birini bisiklete binmek için aldıklarını, birinin köpeğin her zaman iyi olduğuna inanmasına yol açtığını ve diğer köpeği bir sebepten dolayı geride bıraktıklarını gösteriyor.
egzersize gerek yoktu. Her zaman kaç köpekle yaşadığını merak ettim ve Millan'ın DOZENS'iyle karşılaştırıldığında sadece Bir - BİR olduğunu bulmak için harika kişisel bilgi ve deneyime sahip olmanın ihtişamından sonra gerçekten şaşırdım.
Önizlemede gösterilmiş olan, daha sonra gösterinin hiçbir noktasında bundan bahsedilmedi. Kırmızı bölge köpekleri ile karşılaştığınız nokta Bunun kullanımı, hayatımıza davet ettiğimiz köpekler için iyi bir yaşam yaratmaktır.
Hey KB, seni görmek ne güzel. İyi bir antrenör artık tamamen ödül tabanlı bir yöntem kullanmaz, iyi bir marangoz sadece bir çekiç kullanır.
Sanki hakimiyet kullanarak her şeyi açıklayan edimsel bir şartlandırma eğitmeni gibi.
Bu yüzden yeni Hıristiyanları rahatsız eden bir sürü engelli ruh görüyorsunuz, ama ah bir devle yüzleşip onu öldürdüğünüzde, Mesih'te saldıramayacak kadar güçlü olduğunuzu ve İncil'in yeni ev
|
8,447 | 0 | 0 |
27–0.55)e||0.36 (0.25–0.52)e|
|College graduate||1 [Reference]|
|Ηigh school diploma or less||1.74 (1.22–2.48)e||1.68 (1.18–2.38)e||1.61 (1.13–2.31)e|
|Some college||1.19 (0.84–1.67)||1.15 (0.83–1.61)||1.11 (0.79–1.55)|
|Black||1.77 (1.15–2.73)e||1.72 (1.12–2.64)||1.66 (1.07–2.56)|
|Hispanic||1.47 (0.99–2.18)||1.41 (0.96–2.06)||1.34 (0.90–1.97)|
|All other groups||1.27 (0.71–2.29)||1.03 (0.56–1.88)||1.08 (0.57–2.02)|
|≤14 h/wk||1 [Reference]|
|>14–<21 h/wk||1.24 (0.90–1.70)||NA||1.14 (0.82–1.58)|
|≥21 h/wk||1.72 (1.19–2.48)e||NA||1.64 (1.12–2.39)e|
|Vigorous physical activity (VPA)f|
|Meets recommendationg||1 [Reference]|
|Some||1.21 (0.75–1.95)||NA||1.08 (0.67–1.76)|
|No||1.36 (0.96–1.92)||NA||1.31 (0.92–1.85)|
|Purchasing sodas and snacksf|
|0 d/wk||1 [Reference]|
|1–2 d/wk||1.35 (0.97–1.88)||NA||1.27 (0.91–1.78)|
|3–5 d/wk||0.96 (0.62–1.48)||NA||0.90 (0.58–1.40)|
|Television in bedroomd|
|Yes||NA||1.39 (1.02–1.89)||1.35 (0.98–1.87)|
|Active as a familyd|
|Neutral||NA||1.32 (0.96–1.82)||1.28 (0.92–1.77)|
|Disagree||NA||2.21 (1.52–3.21)e||2.05 (1.42–2.98)e|
|Junk food restrictiond|
|Neutral||NA||0.95 (0.63–1.43)||0.93 (0.62–1.40)|
|Disagree||NA||0.70 (0.46–1.07)||0.66 (0.43–1.01)|
|Eat at fast-food restaurantd|
|0 d/wk||1 [Reference]|
|1 d/wk||NA||1.17 (0.82–1.66)||1.18 (0.83–1.69)|
|≥2 d/wk||NA||1.31 (0.89–1.94)||1.30 (0.88–1.92)|
The opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions.Exploring the role of unexpected encounters in online communities.
Online communities have become an essential part of our lives, providing a platform for individuals with similar interests to connect and interact. These communities are often formed around common goals, hobbies, or beliefs, allowing members to engage in discussions, share resources, and support one another. However, what happens when unexpected encounters occur within these online communities? Do they have a significant impact on the dynamics of the community, and if so, what role do they play?
Unexpected encounters in online communities can take various forms. It could be a new member joining the community who brings a fresh perspective or introduces a different topic of discussion. It could also be a member expressing an opinion or sharing a personal experience that challenges the existing narratives within the community. Other unexpected encounters may arise from conflicts, misunderstandings, or even trolling and negative behavior.
One of the roles played by unexpected encounters is the expansion of perspectives. When a new member joins an online community and brings a unique viewpoint, it can broaden the horizons of other members. This exposure to diverse perspectives fosters intellectual growth and encourages members to think critically about their own beliefs and values. It may also lead to meaningful and productive discussions, where members can challenge their own assumptions and develop a deeper understanding of the topic at hand.
Additionally, encountering different opinions or ideas can test the cohesion and resilience of an online community. Disagreements and conflicts may arise, which can either strengthen the bonds among members or lead to division and fragmentation. Properly navigating through these challenges and finding common ground is crucial for the survival and growth of the community. It requires open-mindedness, empathy, and effective communication to ensure that the unexpected encounter leads to a positive outcome.
Moreover, unexpected encounters in online communities can also serve as a reality check. When members encounter ideas or experiences that contradict their preconceived notions, it forces them to question their own biases and challenge the echo chamber effect that can sometimes occur in online communities. These encounters can spark self-reflection and personal growth, allowing individuals to develop greater empathy and understanding for others.
However, it is important to acknowledge that not all unexpected encounters have a positive impact. Trolling, negative behavior, and conflicts can create a hostile environment within the online community, causing harm to its members. Therefore, community moderators and administrators play a crucial role in maintaining a safe and inclusive space for members to engage in constructive dialogue.
In conclusion, unexpected encounters in online communities play a significant role in shaping the dynamics of the community. They can expand perspectives, test cohesion, encourage critical thinking, and promote personal growth. However, it is vital to navigate these encounters carefully, ensuring that they contribute positively to the community rather than causing harm. Encouraging open-mindedness, fostering empathy, and maintaining an inclusive environment are key in harnessing the potential of unexpected encounters in online communities.
How Unexpected Encounters Shape Online Community Dynamics
In today’s digital age, online communities have become an integral part of our daily lives. These virtual spaces bring people from different walks of life together, creating a diverse and vibrant ecosystem. One fascinating aspect of online communities is how unexpected encounters can have a profound impact on shaping their dynamics.
When we think of online communities, we often imagine interactions between like-minded individuals who share common interests. While these interactions are undoubtedly essential for community building, it’s the unexpected encounters that often lead to breakthroughs and novel ideas.
As humans, we tend to gravitate towards familiarity, seeking out groups that align with our beliefs and values. However, it is through unexpected encounters that we are exposed to new perspectives, challenging our preconceived notions and pushing us to broaden our horizons.
One example of how unexpected encounters shape online community dynamics is through serendipitous connections. When two individuals from different backgrounds come together in an online community, they bring unique experiences and knowledge. This exchange can lead to the creation of new ideas, collaborations, and even lifelong friendships.
- Increased Diversity: Unexpected encounters help diversify online communities by introducing fresh perspectives and ideas. This diversity enriches the community’s discussions, fostering creativity and innovation.
- Breaking Echo Chambers: Online communities have a tendency to become echo chambers, where individuals reinforce their existing beliefs through interaction with like-minded people. Unexpected encounters disrupt this echo chamber effect, challenging individuals to question their assumptions and engage in constructive dialogue.
- Expanding Networks: By serendipitously encountering new individuals, online community members can expand their networks and build connections outside their immediate circle. These expanded networks can open doors to new opportunities and resources.
- Beyond Stereotypes: Unexpected encounters break down stereotypes and promote understanding. When individuals interact with others who have different opinions or backgrounds, it humanizes those categories often reduced to mere labels.
It’s crucial for online community managers and moderators to create spaces that encourage and facilitate unexpected encounters. By fostering a culture of openness, curiosity, and respect, community members are more likely to engage in meaningful interactions with those who have different viewpoints.
In conclusion, unexpected encounters play a vital role in shaping the dynamics of online communities. These encounters bring diverse perspectives, challenge beliefs, and foster connections that go beyond superficial differences. To create thriving online communities, it is essential to embrace and encourage these serendipitous interactions.
The Surprising Benefits of Chance Encounters in Virtual Communities
In today’s digital age, virtual communities have become an integral part of our lives. From social media platforms to online forums, these communities offer a unique space for individuals to connect, share ideas, and engage in meaningful discussions. While we often join these communities with specific goals in mind, such as networking or seeking advice, it is the chance encounters that often bring the most surprising benefits.
One of the key advantages of virtual communities is the serendipitous nature of interactions. Unlike traditional in-person gatherings, where we are often limited by physical proximity, virtual communities break down geographical barriers. This means that we have the opportunity to connect with individuals from diverse backgrounds and experiences, thereby expanding our horizons and fostering a richer exchange of ideas.
These chance encounters frequently lead to unexpected collaborations. When we engage in conversations with people we wouldn’t have encountered otherwise, we are exposed to fresh perspectives and novel approaches. This can spark innovation and creativity, as we combine our unique skills and knowledge to tackle common challenges. It is through these collaborations that groundbreaking ideas often emerge, propelling both individuals and communities forward.
Furthermore, chance encounters in virtual communities provide invaluable learning opportunities. As we interact with individuals who possess different expertise or interests, we gain access to a vast pool of knowledge. From industry insights to personal anecdotes, each interaction presents an opportunity to learn something new and broaden our understanding. By actively participating in these discussions, we not only expand our own knowledge but also contribute to the collective wisdom of the community.
Virtual communities also offer a sense of belonging and support. The chance encounters that occur within these communities often lead to the formation of genuine connections and friendships. Whether it’s finding a mentor, a business partner, or simply a like-minded individual, these relationships can provide a support system that fosters personal and professional growth. In a world that can sometimes feel disconnected, virtual communities offer a space where individuals can find solace, encouragement, and motivation.
|Benefits of Chance Encounters in Virtual Communities
|Expanded perspectives: Chance encounters introduce us to individuals from diverse backgrounds, expanding our horizons and fostering a richer exchange of ideas.
|Collaborative innovation: Unforeseen collaborations sparked by chance encounters often lead to groundbreaking ideas and propel individuals and communities forward.
|Learning opportunities: Interacting with people possessing different expertise cultivates a constant learning environment within virtual communities, benefiting both individuals and the collective knowledge of the community.
|Sense of belonging and support: Chance encounters often result in genuine connections and friendships, providing a support system that promotes personal and professional growth.
In conclusion, while virtual communities offer numerous benefits, it is the chance encounters within these communities that truly stand out. They create opportunities for expanded perspectives, collaborative innovation, continuous learning, and a sense of belonging. As we engage in these communities, let us embrace the unpredictable and cherish the surprises that can arise from the most unexpected encounters.
Unveiling the Power of Unplanned Encounters in Online Networks
Online networks have become an integral part of our lives, connecting us with people from all around the globe. While planned interactions and connections are common in these networks, there is an untapped power in unplanned encounters that can lead to new opportunities and insights.
Unplanned encounters in online networks refer to chance encounters with individuals that we may not have intentionally sought out. These encounters can occur through various channels such as social media platforms, forums, or online communities. While they may seem random, these encounters hold immense potential for growth, collaboration, and learning.
One of the major benefits of unplanned encounters is their ability to spark creativity and innovation. When we come across someone with different perspectives, ideas, or expertise in an unexpected manner, it can push us to think outside the box and explore new possibilities. These encounters can lead to fruitful discussions, brainstorming sessions, or even partnerships that can drive our projects forward.
Another advantage of unplanned encounters is the opportunity to expand our network and connect with individuals outside of our usual circles. In online networks, we often tend to interact with like-minded individuals or those within our industries. However, unplanned encounters break these boundaries and introduce us to diverse voices and perspectives. This can broaden our horizons, expose us to new ideas, and help us gain a competitive edge in our respective fields.
Aside from professional growth, unplanned encounters also contribute to personal development. Engaging with individuals from different backgrounds and cultures can foster empathy, understanding, and tolerance. It allows us to challenge our own biases and preconceptions, leading to personal growth and a broader worldview.
- Take advantage of social media platforms to connect with individuals who share similar interests but are not part of your immediate network.
- Engage in online forums and communities to participate in discussions and engage with diverse perspectives.
- Attend virtual events and conferences to meet new people and expand your network.
- Be open to unexpected encounters and embrace the opportunities they bring.
In conclusion, unplanned encounters in online networks hold immense power and potential. They can fuel creativity, expand our network, and contribute to personal and professional growth. By actively seeking out and embracing these encounters, we can unlock new avenues for collaboration, innovation, and learning in the digital landscape.
The Role of Serendipity in Fostering Connection and Collaboration Online
As the digital landscape continues to evolve, connection and collaboration have become paramount in both personal and professional realms. In this regard, serendipity plays a pivotal role in fostering meaningful interactions and fruitful partnerships online. Contrary to popular belief, serendipity is not solely based on chance encounters or lucky coincidences; it can be cultivated and harnessed to create lasting connections and drive innovation in the virtual space.
One way serendipity manifests itself online is through the utilization of social media platforms. These platforms provide endless opportunities for individuals and businesses alike to connect with like-minded individuals, potential clients, or collaborators. A simple Twitter conversation or a LinkedIn group discussion can lead to unforeseen collaborations, shared insights, and valuable business relationships.
Moreover, by leveraging the power of search engine optimization (SEO) techniques, individuals and businesses can increase their chances of serendipitous encounters online. By incorporating relevant keywords and optimizing their online presence, they can attract individuals who share their interests or objectives. This strategic approach ensures that the likelihood of serendipity occurring in their online interactions is maximized.
- First and foremost, it is essential to define your target audience and identify relevant keywords that resonate with their needs and preferences.
- Next, optimize your website or online profile by incorporating these keywords seamlessly into your content. Strike a balance between incorporating keywords and maintaining a natural, reader-friendly flow.
- Furthermore, regularly creating and sharing valuable content that aligns with your target audience’s interests not only helps establish your credibility but also increases the likelihood of serendipitous encounters with individuals who share your passion or expertise.
- Additionally, participating in online communities, forums, or industry-specific groups allows you to connect with individuals who share common interests or challenges. Actively engaging in conversations and offering valuable insights can spark unexpected connections and collaborations.
- Lastly, always be open to serendipity. Embrace the unexpected and seize opportunities that come your way. Often, the most fruitful collaborations occur when we least expect them.
In conclusion, serendipity plays a vital role in fostering connection and collaboration online. By strategically implementing SEO techniques, creating valuable content, and actively participating in online communities, individuals and businesses can cultivate serendipitous encounters that lead to meaningful connections and collaborations. Embrace the unpredictable nature of the digital realm, and let serendipity guide you towards exciting opportunities.有声小说D:死亡余韵在线收听
简介
一个秋日的早晨，金西·米尔虹的事务所来了一名神秘的访客。这名自称阿尔文·利马尔多的中年男子，委托金西·米尔虹替他转送一张两万五千元的支票给一名年仅十五岁的少年托尼·加恩，却不告知眼前详情。接下这项不明任务的金西，在觉察自己收了一张空头支票之后，逐渐追查出这名神秘客人的真面目。但在得知他身分的同时，他的尸体却被人觉察漂浮在海面上。随着调查的展开，金西得知他失事前曾与一个金发女郎一起从酒吧离开。但是，他身边每一个与他有恩怨纠葛的女人都留着金发，而且在她们当中，有人赌咒要让他下地狱接受惩办。
通过整理种种令人困惑的线索，金西开始逐渐迫近事件的核心……
让我们一起进入故事发作的办公室，了解故事发作的起因吧。The photo in the article “More pothole, less filling” (July 12) told the entire story. The workers are not doing the job right! The hole they are filling is shaped like an ice cream cone with the bottom smaller than the top of the hole.
If the workers took the extra time to make the hole slightly larger at the bottom than the top, the pothole repair would be permanent. Think how many times you see the same potholes on our roads reappear. What a waste of resources to refill them, not to mention damage to cars.
Don’t believe me? When was the last time a tooth filling of yours fell out? Dentists have used this dove-tail methodology for years so fillings never pop out. Glue is not used to hold in fillings. Ask your dentist.
Posted in: Greater CincinnatiFilariasis is a tropical disease spread through filarial worms. It is most commonly seen in the tropical areas of Africa, Asia, and Central and South America. It is believed that cases of filariasis have been around for approximately 4000 years. There are even artifacts from the ancient Egyptians depicting the disease. Filariasis is a serious condition that is usually not noticed until the adult worms die. Although the disease is usually not deadly, it can cause permanent damage to the lymphatic system, kidneys, or any other body part that has been affected by the condition.
The cause of filariasis is filarial nematode
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معدن که در انگلستان واقع بود.
- ۱۸۲۵: افتتاح اولین مسیر منظم قطار بین استاکتون و دارلینگتون که ترابری عمومی را گسترش داد.
- ۱۸۳۰: اولین مرکز ارائه خدمات منظم به مسافران میان منچستر و لیورپول که در کشور انگلستان صورت گرفت.
- ۱۸۳۰: اولین قطار آمریکا در این سال و در کارولینای جنوبی آغاز به کار کرد.
- ۱۸۵۹: ساخت اولین کوپه خواب در امریکا برای مسافرانی که در مسیرهای طولانی قرار داشتند.
- ۱۸۶۳: امریکا در این سال یک رستوران داخلی قطار تعبیه کرد.
- ۱۸۶۳: اولین قطار زیرزمینی که امروزه با عنوان مترو شناخته می شود در لندن به این سال اختصاص دارد.
- ۱۸۶۹: در این سال پروژه ساخت راه آهن سراسری در امریکا پایان یافت.
- ۱۸۷۹: ساخت اولین قطار برقی توسط آلمان که منجر به حفظ محیط زیست از آلودگی می شد.
- ۱۸۸۵: تکمیل خطوط راه آهن کانادا نیز در این سال صورت گرفت.
- ۱۹۲۵: ساخت اولین لوکوموتیو دیزل الکتیریک در کانادا به عنوان آخرین پیشرفت مهمی شناخته می شود که در صنعت حمل و نقل با قطار صورت گرفت.
جرج استیونسن (به انگلیسی: George Stephenson) (زاده ۱۷۸۱ – درگذشته ۱۸۴۸) یک مهندس مکانیک انگلیسی و مخترع خط آهن میباشد.
وی از نیروی بخار در حرکت لکوموتیو استفاده کرد و این وسیله نقلیه معتبر را به وجود آورد، وی از راههای گوناگون از جمله کارگری معدن، رانندگی و گاوچرانی و شاگرد شوفری مخارج زندگی خود را تأمین میکرد و مدت ۱۵ سال برای اختراع لوکوموتیو زحمت کشید و سرانجام این غول آهنی را به حرکت درآورد. چنانچه جورج استیفنسن در بخش یک کان زغالسنگ واقع در شمال انگلیس به دنیا نمیآمد، شاید هرگز به فکر اختراع لوکوموتیو و قطار راه آهن نمیافتاد؛ زیرا او بخاطر اینکه زغالسنگ به راحتی از معدن زغالسنگ بایک وسیله راحت نقل مکان شود، به فکر اختراع لوکوموتیو و بعد هم واگن راه آهن افتاد.
انگیزه ساختن لکوموتیو
بنظر میرسد که از آن به بعد جورج استیفنسن به زندگی ساده کارگری خود ادامه داده و بدنبال کار دیگری نرفته تا زمانی اتفاقی رخ داد که باعث شد او بهطور جدی به فکر ساختن لوکوموتیو افتد. جریان از این بود که زغالسنگ به سختی از معدن حمل و نقل میشد. حال چنانکه کسی یک وسیله نقلیه خوب برای حمل و نقل زغالسنگ اختراع میکرد، پول خوبی گیرش میآمد، این بود که جورج به فکر اختراع لوکوموتیو افتاد.
آغاز ساخت لکوموتیو
قبل از جورج یک مرد فرانسوی لوکوموتیوی بر اساس ماشین بخار جیمز وات ساخته بود که متأسفانه در موقع بکار انداختن آن منفجر شد یک مرد اسکاتلندی دیگر به نام ریشارکرووی نیک هم لوکوموتیوی ساخت ولی چون از او حمایت نشد اختراع خود را تکمیل نکرد، استیفنسن از تجارب پیشینیان استفاده کرد و سعی کرد لوکوموتیو خود را بسازد.
اتمام ساخت لکوموتیو
ساخت خط راه آهن
بعد از موفقیت استیفنسن، یک خط راه آهن بین لیورپول و منچستر ساخت و ار آن به بعد به سرعت راه آهنهای دیگر ساخته شد؛ بطوریکه به زودی کشیدن راه آهن، عالمگیر شد.
تاریخچه پیدایش و تکامل قطارها
گوتارد اکسپرس، سوئیس، ۱۸۹۷
آغاز به کار قطارها به سدهٔ ۱۵۰۰ میلادی بازمیگردد نخست ریل قطار از جنس چوب ساخته و واگنها توسط اسبان پر قدرت کشیده میشد. قطار بخار در اوایل سده ۱۸۰۰ اختراع گردید قطارها وسایل ترابری مفیدی هستند زیرا بارهای سنگین را به راحتی روی ریل میکشند.
هنگامی که ریچارد ترویتیک برای اولین بار لوکوموتیو مجهز به موتور بخار خود را روی ریلهای فولادی به حرکت درآورد و عصر قطارهای امروزی آغاز گردید. این اقدام در سال ۱۸۰۴ میلادی و در ولز جنوبی (انگلستان) انجام شد، او ابتدا یک لوکوموتیو با موتور بخار جهت حمل بار با ظرفیت حمل بار به وزن ۲۰ تن (۲۰۰۰۰ کیلوگرم) درست کرد و سپس یک لوکوموتیو با موتور بخار جهت حمل مسافر اختراع کرد و مردم شهر را سوار میکرد و قطار یک دور کامل به دور شهر میچرخید و پول ناچیزی از مردم دریافت میکرد تا اینکه یک روز یکی از چرخهای لوکوموتیو او شکست و پس از آن ریچارد دیگر از لوکوموتیو خود استفاده نکرد و آن را رها کرد.
اما کسی که در تبدیل قطار به وسیله بسیار مهم ترابری عمومی نقش مهمی ایفا کرد جورج استفنسون انگلیسی بود وی یک قطار تقریباً بزرگ ساخت و برای مسافران درون ان قطار خود را به لوکوموتیوی با موتور بخار مجهز کرد.
امروزه هر چند هنوز هم قطارهای بخار در گوشه و کنار جهان دیده میشوند اما دیگر دوران آنها به پایان رسیدهاست. لوکوموتیوهای برقی یا دیزلی جدید به سوخت و نگهداری کمتری نیاز دارند. قطارها به ویژه در حمل بارهای سنگین و نیز جا به جایی مسافران در مراکز شهرها دارای اهمیت زیادی هستند.درسته
تمامی مسیر حرکت قطارها از درون اتاق کنترل تحت نظر قرار دارند. مسئول کنترل علامتها و چراغهای مختلف را برای اطمینان از بازبودن تمام خطها کنترل میکند. لوکوموتیو ران قطار هم با استفاده از چراغها و درجههای مقابل خود با اتاق کنترل ارتباط مستقیم دارد تا از بازبودن مسیر اطمینان حاصل کند.
انواع
قطارها انواع مختلفی دارند که برای اهداف خاصی طراحی شدهاند. یک قطار میتواند از ترکیبی از یک یا چند لوکوموتیو و واگنهای راهآهن متصل به آن، یا یک واحد چندگانه خودران، یا گاهی اوقات یک واگن تنها یا بندبند به نام واگن ریلی تشکیل شود. انواع خاصی از قطارها که در “راه آهن”های مربوطه استفاده میشوند عبارتند از: مونوریل، راهآهن سریعالسیر، مَگ لِو، راهآهن اتمسفریک، راهآهن زیرزمینی تایر-لاستیکی، قطار کابلی و قطار چرخشانهای.
قطار مسافربری از یک یا چند لوکوموتیو و (معمولاً) چندین واگن تشکیل شدهاست. از سوی دیگر، یک قطار ممکن است به صورت کامل از واگنهای حامل مسافر تشکیل شده باشد (و دارای لوکوموتیو نباشد) که بعضی یا همه آنها دارای موتور محرک باشند. به این قطارها “قطار خودکششی یا واحد چندگانه (MU)” گفته میشود. در بسیاری از نقاط جهان، به ویژه خاور دور و اروپا، از قطارهای تندرو بهطور گستردهای برای حمل مسافران استفاده میشود. قطارهای باری به جای واگنهای مسافربری، از واگنهای حمل بار تشکیل شدهاند، اگرچه برخی از قطارهای باری و پستی (به ویژه ایستگاههای پست متحرک) از نظر ظاهری بسیار شبیه قطارهای مسافربری هستند. قطارها همچنین میتوانند ترکیبی مختلط داشته باشند، یعنی هم محل اقامت مسافران بوده و هم وسایل نقلیه باری باشند. این قطارهای مختلط بیشتر برای مسیرهای کم مسافر مورد استفاده قرار میگیرد. در این مسیرها استفاده از قطارهای مسافربری و باری جداگانه مقرون به صرفه نخواهد بود. از قطارهای ویژه نیز برای نگهداری مسیر استفاده میشود. در بعضی از نقاط جهان، این قطارها “تجهیزات نگهداری از راه” نامیده میشوند.
اجزای قطار
بوژی
اصطلاحات و اجزای یک بوژی طرح آمریکایی با یاتاقانهای ژورنال.
بوژی جاکوب نصب شده در زیر دو واگن.
بوژی یک واگن چرخ دار یا گاری الکتریکی است. در اصطلاح مکانیک، بوژی یک شاسی یا چهارچوب چرخ دار است که به وسیله نقلیه متصل میشود. میتوان آن را در محل خود ثابت کرد، مانند یک کامیون باری، یا بر یک مفصل گردنده سوار کرد، مانند یک واگن راهآهن یا یک لوکوموتیو، یا به صورت فنری نصب کرد، مانند سیستم تعلیق چرخ ممتد کاترپیلار. معمولاً بر روی هر واگن یا لوکوموتیو دو بوژی نصب میشود، یکی در یک انتها و دیگری در انتهای دیگر. در یک پیکربندی جایگزین، که اغلب در وسایل نقلیه مفصلی استفاده میشود، بوژیها (اغلب بوژیهای جاکوب) را در زیر اتصال بین واگنها قرار میدهند. اکثر بوژیها دارای دو محور هستند، چرا که سادهترین طراحی است، اما بوژیهایی با حداکثر پنج محور برای واگنهای بارهای بسیار سنگین نیز طراحی و ساخته شدهاند. واگنهای سنگین میتوانند بیش از دو بوژی داشته باشند که از تقویت کنندههای دهانه (Span Bolster) برای تساوی بار و اتصال بوژیها به واگنها استفاده میکنند. معمولاً کف قطار در سطحی بالاتر از بوژیها قرار دارد، اما کف واگن میتواند در بین بوژیها پایینتر باشد، مانند قطارهای دو طبقه برای افزایش فضای داخلی که با مشکل محدودیت ارتفاع مواجه هستند، یا قطارهای بدون پله برای سوار شدن آسان.
پانتوگراف
اجزای یک پانتوگراف.
پانتوگراف دستگاهی است که بر روی سقف قطار برقی، تراموا یا اتوبوس برقی نصب میشود و وظیفه دریافت برق از خطوط برق هوایی نصب شده در بالای ریل را دارد. قطارها و اتوبوسهای برقی باتریدار در ایستگاههای شارژ، شارژ میشوند. پانتوگراف یک وسیله متداول در این وسایل برای دریافت الکتریسیته است.
چرخقطار
چرخهای محرک یک لوکوموتیو.
چرخ قطار یا چرخ ریلی نوعی چرخ است که مخصوص استفاده در مسیرهای ریلی طراحی شدهاست. چرخ به عنوان یک عضو غلتشی عمل میکند، و بهطور معمول به یک محور متصل میشود و مستقیماً بر روی واگن راهآهن یا لوکوموتیو سوار میشود، یا بهطور غیرمستقیم بر روی یک بوژی نصب میشود. چرخهایی نصب شده در زیر واگنها که هرزگرد نبوده و قطار را به حرکت درمیآوردند، چرخ محرک نامیده میشود.
نیروی محرکه
اولین قطارها با طناب منتقل میشدند، با نیروی جاذبه حرکت میکردند یا توسط اسب کشیده میشدند، اما از اوایل قرن نوزدهم به بعد تقریباً همه قطارها توسط لوکوموتیو بخار به حرکت درآمدند. از دهه ۱۹۱۰ به بعد، لوکوموتیوهای بخار شروع به جایگزینی با موتورهای دیزلی و الکتریکی کردند. اگرچه این اشکال جدید پیشرانه بسیار پیچیدهتر و گرانتر از نیروی بخار بودند، آنها بسیار تمیزتر بوده و به نیروی انسانی بسیار کمتری نیاز داشتند. تقریباً در همان زمان، استفاده از قطارهای خودکششی (چه دیزلی و چه برقی) برای مسافربری رونق گرفت. تا دهه ۱۹۷۰ دیزلی سازی لوکوموتیوها برای استفاده روزمره در اکثر کشورها تکمیل شد. از لوکوموتیوهای بخار هنوز هم در راهآهنهای میراثی برای اوقات فراغت و توریستها استفاده میشود.
کشش الکتریکی هزینه کمتری در هر کیلومتر کارکرد قطار ارائه میدهد، اما به دلیل هزینه اولیه بالا فقط برای مسیرهای پر رفت و آمد توجیه اقتصادی دارد. با اینکه هزینه ساخت ریل و تجهیزات به ازای هر کیلومتر برای قطارهای کشش الکتریکی نسبت به لوکوموتیوهای دیزلی بسیار بیشتر است، اما کشش الکتریکی برای عملکرد دراز مدت و بدون وقفه بسیار قابل اطمینان تر است چرا که در بعضی کشورها هزینه واردات گازوئیل بسیار بالاتر است. قطارهای برقی جریان الکتریکی مورد نیاز خود را از طریق خطوط برق هوایی یا از طریق سیستم برق ریل سوم دریافت میکنند.
طرح ریل سوم. ۱: پوشش ۲: ریل برق ۳: عایق ۴: ریلبند ۵: ریل
یکی از فناوریهای در حال توسعه در رابطه با نیروی محرکه قطارها، استفاده از سلولهای سوختی است که مزیت عدم نیاز به تأسیسات برق رسانی در محل را با مزیت عدم انتشار آلاینده ترکیب میکند، اما مشکل اساسی آن فعلاً هزینه اولیه بسیار بالای وسایل نقلیه سلول سوختی است.
قطارهای مسافربری
فضای داخلی یک قطار مسافت-طولانی در فنلاند.
قطار مسافربری شامل واگنهای مسافربر است و اغلب میتواند بسیار طولانی و سریع باشد. این قطار ممکن است یک قطار خودکششی یا خودروی ریلی باشد، یا ترکیبی از یک یا چند لوکوموتیو و یک یا چند تریلر بدون نیروی محرک باشد که به عنوان کالسکه یا واگن شناخته میشوند. قطارهای مسافری بین ایستگاههایی حرکت میکنند، که در آن مسافران میتوانند سوار و پیاده شوند. در اکثر موارد، قطارهای مسافربری طبق یک برنامه زمانی ثابت کار میکنند و از حق اشغال مسیر برتری نسبت به قطارهای باری برخوردار هستند.
برخلاف قطارهای باری، قطارهای مسافربری باید برای سرنشینان برق را برای اهدافی از قبیل روشنایی و گرمایش و غیره تأمین کنند. این برق را میتوان مستقیماً از موتور لوکوموتیو تأمین کرد یا از یک ژنراتور دیزل جداگانه استفاده کرد. از یک ون ژنراتور جداگانه همچنین میتوان برای خدمات مسافربری در جادههای دورافتاده که دارای سیستم تغذیه برق قطار (Head-end power) نیستند استفاده کرد.
قطارهای مسافت طولانی
قطار تندرو
یکی از ردههای قابل توجه و درحال رشد قطارهای طولانی مدت ریل سریعالسیر است که معمولاً با سرعتی بالاتر از ۲۰۰ کیلومتر در ساعت (۱۲۰ مایل در ساعت) حرکت میکند و اغلب در مسیر اختصاصی کار میکند که مورد بررسی قرار میگیرد و برای تطبیق با سرعت بالا آماده میشود. اولین نمونه موفق سیستم ریلی مسافربری پرسرعت، شینکانسن ژاپن بود که در اصطلاح عامیانه به آن «قطار گلوله ای» میگویند، که در اکتبر ۱۹۶۴ شروع به کار کرد.
سریعترین قطار چرخدار که روی ریل حرکت میکند TGV فرانسه است که تحت شرایط آزمایش در سال ۲۰۰۷، به سرعت ۵۷۴٫۸ کیلومتر بر ساعت دست یافت، یعنی دو برابر سرعت برخاست هواپیمای مسافربری بوئینگ ۷۲۷. قطار TGV با حداکثر سرعت عملکردی ۳۰۰–۳۲۰ کیلومتر بر ساعت کار میکند، همانطور که ICE آلمان (Inter-City Express) و AVE اسپانیا (Alta Velocidad Española) کار میکنند. بالاترین سرعت در حال حاضر در عملیات ارزشیابی برنامهریزی شده ۳۵۰ کیلومتر در ساعت (۲۲۰ مایل در ساعت) متعلق به سیستمهای راهآهن سریعالسیر پکن – تیانجین و راهآهن سریعالسیر ووهان – گوانگژو در چین است.
در بیشتر موارد، مسافرت ریلی پرسرعت با مسافرت هوایی هنگامی که مسافت از ۵۰۰ تا ۶۰۰ کیلومتر فراتر نرود، از نظر زمانی و هزینه ای قابل رقابت است، زیرا مراحل ورود به سیستم و سوار شدن به فرودگاه میتواند حداقل دو ساعت به زمان حمل و نقل کلی بیفزاید.[۱۰] همچنین، وقتی میزان سوخت جت مصرف شده توسط هواپیمای مسافربری در هنگام برخاستن و ارتفاع گرفتن در نظر گرفته شود، ممکن است هزینههای عملیاتی ریل در این مسافتها کمتر باشد. سفر هوایی با افزایش مسافت از نظر هزینه رقابتی تر میشود زیرا هزینه سوخت درصد کمتری از کل هزینه حمل و نقل را تشکیل میدهد.
قطارهای بینشهری
قطار «بین شهری» اصطلاحی کلی برای هر سرویس ریلی است که از قطارهایی با توقفهای محدود برای ارائه مسافرتهای سریع مسافت طولانی استفاده میکند. خدمات بین شهری را میتوان به سه گروه عمده تقسیم کرد:
- InterCity: استفاده از قطارهای سریعالسیر برای اتصال شهرها، عبور بدون توقف در همه ایستگاههای میانی، در نتیجه اتصال مراکز عمده جمعیت در سریعترین زمان ممکن
- اکسپرس: توقف در برخی ایستگاههای میانی بین شهرها، خدمات به جوامع شهری بزرگتر
- منطقه ای: توقف در تمام ایستگاههای میانی بین شهرها، خدمات به جوامع کوچکتر در طول مسیر
قطارهای منطقهای
قطارهای منطقه ای معمولاً بین شهرها و شهرکها ارتباط برقرار میکنند و در طول مسیر به جوامع کوچکتر شهری (و برخی روستایی) سرویس میدهند. این خدمات برای تأمین تقاضای ترافیک محلی در مناطق کمتر در دسترس ارائه میشوند.
قطار نیمه-سریع
قطارهای نیمه-سریع دسته خاصی از قطارها هستند. قطارهای نیمه-سریع میتوانند با حداکثر سرعتی بیشتر از قطارهای معمولی بین شهری کار کنند اما سرعت آن به اندازه خدمات قطار سریعالسیر نیست. این خدمات پس از بهبود زیرساختهای ریلی متداول برای پشتیبانی قطارهایی ارائه میشود که میتوانند با سرعت بالاتری ایمن کار کنند.
قطارهای مسافت کوتاه
قطارهای حومه
قطارهای حومهای بمبئی روزانه ۷٫۲۴ میلیون مسافر را جابجا میکنند.
برای مسافتهای کوتاهتر، بسیاری از شهرها دارای شبکه قطارهای رفت و آمدی (که به آنها قطارهای حومه ای نیز گفته میشود) در خدمت شهر و حومه آن هستند. این قطارها یک روش حمل و
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ralamalardaki son durumunu görerek tercihine karar verdiğini belirten Akbulut, yapılan incelemelerin ABD'de bir önceki yıla göre sadece birkaç sıra yükselen üniversiteleri tercih edenlerin sayısında önemli artış olduğunu gösterdiğini aktardı.
"URAP Laboratuvarı 2009'da kuruldu"
Akbulut, dünya üniversitelerini sıralayan ilk kurum olan ARWU'nun ise 2003'te Çin'de kurulduğunu ve dünya üniversite sıralaması yapan kurumların sayısının daha sonra 11'e yükseldiğini bildirerek, URAP Laboratuvarının 2009'da Türkiye ve dünya üniversitelerini sıralamalarını yapmak üzere ODTÜ'de kurulduğunu söyledi.
URAP'ın her yıl 3 bin dünya üniversitesini ve Türk üniversitelerinin farklı göstergelere göre sıralamalarını yaptığını anlatan Akbulut, şunları kaydetti:
"URAP 62 bilim alanına göre bilim alanı sıralaması da yapmaktadır. ABD'de 2015'te yabancı öğrenci adaylarının görüşleri alınarak yapılan bir araştırma, başka ülkelerde üniversite eğitimi almak isteyen adayların dünya bilim alanı sıralamalarından yararlandığını gösterdi. Türk üniversitelerinin bazıları 2020'de URAP'ın dünya bilim alanı sıralamalarında çok başarılı oldu. Bir üniversitemiz yapay zeka, jeoloji ve yer bilimleri alanında, bir üniversitemiz tıp, iki üniversitemiz havacılık ve uzay mühendisliği ile inşaat mühendisliği, iki üniversitemiz eğitim ve üç üniversitemiz de diş hekimliği alanlarında dünya sıralamalarında üst sıralarda yer almayı başardı."
Akbulut, URAP Laboratuvarı tarafından geçen yıl hazırlanan 203 üniversitenin 11 farklı dünya sıralamasına göre dünyadaki yerlerini gösteren tablolara "newtr.urapcenter.org" internet adresinden ulaşılabileceğini aktararak, şunları söyledi:
"URAP Laboratuvarı 2019'da dünya alan sıralaması yapan 8 kurumun herhangi birinde en az bir bilim alanında yer alan üniversitelerimizin durumlarını veren tabloları da hazırladı. En az bir bilim alanında dünya sıralamalarında yer alabilen 57 üniversitemizin dünyadaki durumunu veren tablolar ile 2020'de hazırlanan ülke içi sıralama tablosuna da sitemizden ulaşılabiliyor."
"Türk üniversitelerinin sıralamalarını kolayca öğrenebilecekler"
YKS tercih işlemlerinin bugün başladığına hatırlatan Akbulut, sözlerini şöyle tamamladı:
"Adaylar, ODTÜ URAP Laboratuvarının Türk üniversitelerinin dünya ve Türkiye'deki sıralamalarına ilişkin tablolarına newtr.urapcenter.org adresinden erişebilecek. Adayların üniversite sıralamalarına ilişkin bilgileri edindikten sonra ilgilendikleri üniversitelerin ilgili bölümlerini ziyaret etmeleri sağlıklı karar vermelerini sağlayacak. İlgilendikleri üniversiteleri ve ilgili bölümlerini ziyaret edip derslikleri, laboratuvarları, öğrenci çalışma ve dinlenme alanlarını görmeli, bölümlerdeki akademisyenlerle ve varsa öğrencilerle görüşüp bilgi almaları yararlı olur.
Adaylar yakın çevrelerinde varsa ilgilendikleri üniversitelerin öğrenci ve mezunlarıyla da görüşerek ek bilgiler almaya çalışmalıdır. Ayrıca üniversitelerin kütüphanesi, yurtları, spor salonları ve yemekhanelerinin ziyaret edilmesi karar vermeyi kolaylaştırır. Üniversitelerin yetkililerinden veya internet sayfalarından öğrenci toplulukları hakkında da bilgi almaları çok yararlı olur. Çünkü hayatta başarılı olmak için sadece mesleki bilgi değil öğrenci toplulukları sayesinde edinilen genel kültür, hobiler ve sosyal ilişkiler de çok önemlidir. Adayların, yaşadıkları şehrin dışındaki üniversiteler için ilk üç sıradakini ziyaret etmeleri yeterli olabilir."Education and Schooling in Germany
The basics of the education system in Germany. Information includes all the stages from creche to pre-primary, primary and secondary education as well as international schooling...
Educational policy is mostly decided at a state level. While the Federal Ministry for Education and Research is responsible for some aspects of education, each state has the power to enforce its own educational system. There are systems, such as the Kultusministerkonferenze in place which work to achieve consistency in education across the country, however, educational policies do still vary from state to state and it is therefore important to always check the system of the individual state.
- More information on the school system in Germany is available in English on the BMBF website
The Education System
Compulsory schooling starts at the age of 6 and lasts for 12 or 13 years depending on the area of residence within Germany.
Full-time compulsory education (Vollzeitschulpflicht) lasts a total of 9 to 10 years, depending on the state. Children first attend primary school (Grundschule) from the age of 6 until 10 (or 12 in Berlin and Brandenburg) and then lower secondary school from 10 to 15 or 16.
Part-time compulsory education (Berufsschulpflicht) continues beyond that age up to 18 for those who are not still enrolled in a full-time school, this includes apprenticeships and other forms of part-time education.
- Note: In Berlin full-time compulsory education begins at the start of the next school year for those who have turned 6 by the 1 August, or will have done by the following 31 December, and lasts until end of the 9th school year. Part-time compulsory education then continues until the completion of chosen training, including apprenticeships and the Abitur.
- Note: In Frankfurt full-time education begins at the start of the next school year for those who have turned 6 by 30 June and lasts until the end of the 9th school year. Part-time compulsory education continues until the end of the half school year in which the child turns 18
- Note: In Hamburg full-time education begins at the start of the next school year for those who have turned 6 by 1 July of 6 and lasts until the end of the 9th school year. Part-time compulsory education continues until the end of the school year in which the child turns 18.
- Note: In Munich full-time education begins at the start of the next school year for those who have, or will have, turned 6 by 30 September and lasts until the end of the 9th school year. Part-time compulsory education continues until the end of the 12th school year.
- Note: In Nord Rhein-Westphalia full-time education begins at the start of the next school year for those who have turned 6 by 30 September and lasts until the end of the 10th school year. Part-time compulsory education continues until the end of the school year in which the child turns 18.
Continuous assessment based on written examinations and oral contributions is universal practice at all levels. All compulsory public sector schools are free of charge. Pupils attending general and vocational schools are entitled to financial assistance under the BaföG (law on financial assistance for students) from the tenth year provided they have no other income or financial means. The level of assistance is fixed on the basis of the pupil's personal resources and parental income.
Homeschooling is not allowed in Germany and is punishable by harsh legal penalties such as heavy fines and children being taken away from their parents. There have been a few cases in recent years of parents applying to their local authorities and the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg to be allowed to homeschool but with little success so far
- More information on homeschooling in Germany is available from the HSLDA, a homeschooling advocacy group
Religious instruction is currently under debate. Religious instruction is the only school subject mentioned in the German constitution and only Bremen, Brandenburg and Berlin do not offer religious instruction as part of the regular curriculum. Children can attend the extra classes offered at the schools though. Children over the age of 14 can opt out of religious instruction.
In November 2006 compulsory ethics instruction was introduced in Berlin for children in Years 7 to 10 with exemptions only permitted for valid and justifiable reasons.
Recognition of Qualifications
Germany has recently introduced a Recognition Act which acknowledges any professional and vocational qualifications that have been gained abroad. Although there is no organisation that deals with transferring qualifications, the Recognition in Germany portal has been set up to show expatriates where to go to get the recognition they need for their qualifications, including qualifications gained in school.Ciao a tutti sto cercando più informazioni possibili su questo villaggio, ci andrò a settembre-ottobre, come clima sarà buono? Se ci siete stati come vi siete trovati? L'animazione com'è? Sono stata a Marsa Alam l'anno scorso e mi hanno detto che alcuni degli animatori che erano là quest'anno sono a Sharm, noi partiamo in tre ragazze, abbiamo dai 24 ai 26 anni..
Più notizie avete meglio è, grazie!!!!One of the most enduring claims to be made about the Bible is the claim that it contains hidden messages or coded information within the manuscripts which predict the future or tell special things about contemporary personalities. The problems that such a claim makes are numerous, but on an apologetic note there is a profound influence. If a person accepts such a claim and believes it to be a part of the biblical record, it is very easy to have one's faith in the Bible destroyed when the code claim turns out to be false. Over the 32 years that this journal has been in existence, there have been a half dozen claims made by people claiming to have found hidden messages or codes in the Bible. One of the more recent and more popular is the book The Bible Code by Michael Drosnin (see page 15 for a review of this book). While there are several other similar books and programs stretching back over many years, they all have the same problems that Drosnin's book has, so we will confine this discussion to his methods.
The direction of letters. Drosnin's codes are found by eliminating spaces between words and then conducting a computer search called Equidistant Letter Sequence (ELS). Whether you skip three letters or 100 letters is up to the programmers. What they do is to keep trying different ELS values until something shows up. Using every 50th letter in Genesis 1, for example, produces the word Israel.
Before pointing out the most basic problem with this technique in Hebrew, let us point out that this methodology is infallible as far as producing what the author wants. You determine what you will accept, and you keep trying different ELS values until you get what you want. Brendan McKay, an Australian mathematician, found that using this method on Moby Dick could predict (after the fact) the assassinations of Gandhi and Somoza (Ben Witherington, "A Cracked Code," Christianity Today, July 12, 1999, page 20).
In the biblical case, there is another problem. Hebrew in the original language is written right to left. Drosnin and most other biblical code claimants do their analysis left to right as we do in English. Who were the codes written for--only English speaking people? Would not a Hebrew message written in Hebrew be for Hebrews?
No original Hebrew Bible exists! Drosnin and others claim to use a universally accepted original Hebrew text as the basis for their studies. The problem is that no such document exists. In the original Hebrew texts, there were no vowels. Drosnin and others usually use a text in which vowels have been supplied. This is a conscious choice which again means that the person doing the search is controlling what will be used and what will not.
In addition to the vowel problem, there are numerous biblical manuscripts where the order of words is not the same in all documents, or where an explanation was added by a scribe writing at a later date. That is why your Bible may have an indication that a phrase "was not in the earliest manuscript."
Let us hasten to add that this does not mean that there is a question as to the basic message or the credibility of the Bible we have, but it does help to show us that the Bible is a means of conveying God's word to us, not an object to be worshipped. In a dynamic changing world of multiple languages and cultures we can all understand the message, but to make each letter of the Hebrew language convey something special is a form of idolatry.
Deliberate alterations of translations have been done to make ELS work. Ronald Hendel, writing in Bible Review, August, 1997, reported that deliberate mistranslations had been used to get desired results. One example Hendel gave was Genesis 25:11 where your Bible will say "After Abraham's death" Drosnin used "After the death of the Prime Minister." The Hebrew Abraham was divided to Ab and raham making two words, and the ELS connection was Rabin.
There are many other problems with claims of coding, but the most basic point is that there is no need or evidence that such coding exists. The emphasis of the Bible is not on the political, social, cultural, or economics future of mankind. The emphasis is on the spiritual future of mankind. Trying to find hidden messages and meanings is not something needed or desired. The crucial need is for people to learn to use the Bible to order and direct their lives in a way that pleases God, enriches their fellow human beings, and brings peace and fulfillment to them.
Back to Contents Does God Exist?, NovDec99.Global Harmony Association: Honorary Advisory Committee Chair
President of Universal Esperanto Association
Professor of Psycholinguistics
University “La Sapienza” in Rome
Esperanto for Sustainable and Harmonious Development
The speakers of the international planned language Esperanto regard the present international language order - in other words the way in which only certain languages are currently used in relations between people of different nationalities - as unsatisfactory and incompatible with the need to further mutual understanding, peace and equal rights among all people.
They are also very critical of the policy pursued at present in nearly every country in the world with regard to the teaching of foreign languages, which does nothing to further international understanding but simply serves the aim of assimilating everything that comes from the most powerful countries.
The speakers of the international language Esperanto consider that all languages and all cultures carry with them values that must not be lost to mankind. They further believe that linguistic human rights must be respected at all levels. Everyone is protected by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights against discrimination based, among other things, on language. No national or international authority is entitled to disregard that right in the name of efficiency or of other considerations.
We, the World Esperanto Association, recognise that UNESCO and the United Nations have produced many documents in this field. The most recent, for example, the "Human Development Report 2004", deserves our full support and also refers to the three-language principle advocated by UNESCO:
-mother tongue (however small)
-local contact language (generally the national language)
In this connection we maintain that the optimum language to act as an international language is the international planned language Esperanto. The use of a national language, whichever it might be, is unjust, causes human suffering, leads to extra costs for societies that need to learn that language and in the long run results in the loss of languages and cultures.
The Human Development Report quotes figures that clearly show the positive effect of mother-tongue teaching (even where there are large numbers of languages) compared with teaching the former colonial languages.
We maintain that the same goes for teaching dominating languages instead of the neutral international language Esperanto.
We maintain that the teaching of Esperanto as a foreign language has benefits compared with the teaching of, for example, English (greater ease of learning, so that learning objectives can be achieved in a fraction of the time, more cost-effective teaching using local teachers and materials).
We believe that switching from, for example, English to Esperanto in the teaching of foreign languages around the world would lead to such enormous savings that sufficient funds could be released to overcome some of the problems of disease, malnutrition and inadequate education systems which currently suffer from a lack of resources.
We call on all people desiring development and peace to support the experiments to be carried out under scientific supervision in a number of countries on the ease of learning Esperanto and the results achieved compared with learning other foreign languages
For more than a century Esperanto, which was launched in 1887 as a project for an auxiliary language for international communication and quickly developed into a rich living language in its own right, has functioned as a means of bringing people together across the barriers of language and culture. The aims that inspire the users of Esperanto are still as important and relevant as ever. Neither the worldwide use of a few national languages, nor advances in communications technology, nor the development of new methods of language teaching is likely to result in a fair and effective language order based on the following principles, which we hold to be essential.
1. Democracy. Any system of communication which confers lifelong privileges on some while requiring others to devote years of effort to achieving a lesser degree of competence is fundamentally antidemocratic. While Esperanto, like any language, is not perfect, it far outstrips other languages as a means of egalitarian communication on a world scale.
2. Global education. All ethnic languages are bound to certain cultures and nations. For example, the child who learns English learns about the culture, geography and political systems of the English-speaking world, primarily the United States and the United Kingdom. The child who learns Esperanto learns about a world without borders, where every country is home.
3. Effective education. only a small percentage of foreign-language students attain fluency in the target language.In Esperanto, fluency is attainable even through home study. Various studies have shown that Esperanto is useful as a preparation for learning other languages. It has also been recommended as a core element in courses in language awareness.
4. Multilingualism. The Esperanto community is almost unique as a worldwide community whose members are universally bilingual or multilingual. Every member of the community has made the effort to learn at least one foreign language to a communicative level. In many cases this leads to a love and knowledge of several languages and to broader personal horizons in general.
5. Language rights. The unequal distribution of power between languages is a recipe for permanent language insecurity, or outright language oppression, for a large part of the world's population. In the Esperanto community the speakers of languages large and small, official and unofficial meet on equal terms through a mutual willingness to compromise. This balance of language rights and responsibilities provides a benchmark for developing and judging other solutions to language inequality and conflict.
6. Language diversity. National governments tend to treat the great diversity of languages in the world as
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3Dudaklarını kullanarak duman halkalarının gideceği mesafeyi belirleyebilirsin. Hançereni kapatıp açtıktan hemen sonra dudaklarını büzersen halka daha hızlı yol alır.
- Dudaklarını ne kadar içeri çekersen duman halkası o kadar hızlı biçimde ve o kadar uzağa gidecektir.
- Ama dudaklarını çok çabuk büzmemelisin. Zamanlama çok önemli. Eğer açıklığı çok erken büzersen duman halkaları istediğinden daha küçük olabilir.
Kısım 3 / 3:
Yeni Başlayanlar İçin Hızlı Yöntemler
-
1Yanağına hafifçe vurarak duman halkası yap. Bazıları bunu "hile" olarak görse de, geniz tekniğinde uzmanlaşmadan küçük duman halkaları üflemenin kolay ve etkili bir yoludur.
- Dumanı ağzında biriktir ama içine çekme.
- Dudaklarınla küçük bir "u" biçimi oluştur.
- Dilini ve ağzını kullanarak dumanın bir kısmını ağır ağır ve düzenli bir biçimde dışarı üflerken yanağına hafifçe vur ya da fiske at. Her fiskende minik bir halka oluşacak!
- Bunu arka arkaya yanağına vurarak yapabilir ya da aralarda boşluk bırakabilirsin.
-
2Duman halkası elde etmek için dille itme yöntemini kullan. Bu yöntemde dumanı neredeyse "hiç üflemeden," sadece dilinin hareketiyle ileriye iteceksin.
- Dilini genzine doğru geriye kıvır ve ucunu ağzının alt kısmına değdir. Yani dilin ters dönmüş bir "U" biçiminde olmalı.
- Dilinin düz yüzeyini kullanarak dumanı hemen ağzından dışarı it. Bunu, ters "U" biçimini bozmadan dilinin ucunu ağzının alt kısmında sürükleyerek yapabilirsin.
- Bu yolla yapılan halkalar küçüktür ve çok uzun dayanmaz ama yapması çok kolaydır.
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3Duman halkası elde etmek için bir sigara paketi kullan. Alternatif bir yöntem (yani hile) olarak, sigara paketini yakarak bir delik aç. Dumanı içine çektikten sonra deliğin içine üfle. Şimdi paketin delik olmayan kısmına hafifçe vur. Bir duman halkası oluşacaktır.
İpuçları
- Kusursuz duman halkası üflemeyi öğrenirken sabırlı olmalısın. İlk seferinde doğru yapamayabilirsin ve halkaları mükemmel biçimde yapmak için ciddi miktarda alıştırma gerekecektir.
- Duman halkası üflerken pencere kenarında ya da halkaları üfleyeceğin bölgeyi aydınlatan bir ışık kaynağının yakınında durmaya çalış. Bu, başkalarının halkaları görmesini kolaylaştırır.
- Dumanı yoğun olan sigaralar seç. Sert aromalı, uzun ya da mentollü sigaralar olabilir. Unutma ki sigara ne kadar hafifse dumanı da o kadar az olur ve bu da duman halkalarının görülmesini zorlaştırır. Alternatif olarak, duman halkasını nargileyle yapabilirsin.
- Eğer sana yakın çok sayıda insanın hareketi yüzünden rüzgâr ya da hava akımı oluyorsa halkaları bir arada tutmakta zorlanırsın. Bu durumda, odada daha uygun bir yere geçmeyi dene. Hava akımının geldiği yere bağlı olarak, halkaları farklı bir yöne üflemenin faydası olabilir.
- Eğer sigara kullanıyorsan ucunu vurarak sigaraları iyice sıkıştır. Sigarayı sıkıştırmak için sigaranın üst kısmını eline ya da sert ve düz bir yüzeye sürekli vurman gerekir. Bu, tütünün filtreye doğru toplanmasını ve sigaranın uç kısmındaki kâğıtta boşluk kalmasını sağlar.
- Daha küçük bir halkayı büyük bir halkanın içinden geçirmek istiyorsan duman halkalarının ne yöne ve hangi hızda ilerlediğine dikkat etmen yeter. Bir halkayı biçimini koruyacak ama ağır ağır hareket edecek biçimde özenle üfle, ardından dudaklarını hafifçe büzerek daha küçük bir halka yap. Küçük halka yapısı itibariyle daha hızlı hareket edecektir ama etmezse dudağını kıvırarak hızlandırabilirsin. Zaten hedefin bu!
- Ayna önünde alıştırma yap. Dumanın nasıl biçimlendiğini, nasıl hareket ettiğini, ağzının biçiminden ve hareketinden nasıl etkilendiğini gözlemleyebilirsin.
- Yeni başlayanlar için basit bir yöntem: Uzun ömürlü, hızlı ve düzgün duman halkaları üflemek için, havayı hançerenle öne doğru zorlamak yerine çeneni öne doğru çıkar.
- Duman halkası üflerken dilini mümkün olduğunca yoldan çekmeye çalış çünkü bu, halkaya vermeye çalıştığın dönüş hareketini bozar. Dilin gevşek biçimde ağzının alt kısmında bulunsun. Zorlama ama aşağıda tut.
- Daha kesif bir duman için küçük puroları (sigarilloları) da kullanabilirsin. İşte birkaç marka:
- Al Capone
- Black And Mild
- Swisher Sweets
- White Owl
- Winchester
- Hamlets
- Halkanın hareket hızını, "ah" derken ne kadar basınç uyguladığın belirler. Bunun için, genzindeki dumanı öksürecekmiş ya da sertçe nefesini verecekmiş gibi yaparak sıkıştırmalısın.
- Açık havada da duman halkası yapabilirsin ama rüzgâra dikkat etmelisin çünkü halkaların tam olarak şekillenmesini engelleyebilir. Duman halkalarının ardında yatan fizik kurallarını (yani girdapları) dikkate alınca, rüzgâra doğru üflemek halka oluşumunu kolaylaştıracaktır.
- Kusursuz duman halkası yapmayı daha rahat öğrenmek için ilk başta elektronik sigara kullanmayı deneyebilirsin.
Uyarılar
- Sokakları sigarayla kirletme. Sigara izmaritlerini bir kül tablasına ya da uygun bir başka yere atmayı unutma.
- Şunu unutma ki sürekli sigara içmek sağlığına ciddi zarar verir. Duman halkası yapmayı abartma.
İhtiyacın Olan Şeyler
- Sigara, puro, nargile, pipo ya da elektronik sigara
- Bir çakmakA year ago, I first envisioned and then taught the parabola as the sum of a parabola and a line.The standard form parabola, ax2 + bx + c, is the result of a line with slope b and y-intercept c added to a parabola with a vertex at the origin, with vertical stretch a. This insight came after my realization that a parabola is the product of two lines (although I wrote this up later than the first).
I didn’t teach algebra 2 last semester, so I’ve only now been able to try my new approach. I taught functions as described in the second link. So the students know the vertex form of the parabola. Normally, I would then move to the product of two lines, binomial multiplication, and then teach the standard form, moving back to factoring.
But I’ve been mulling this for a few months, and decided to try teaching standard form second. So first, as part of parent functions, cover vertex form. Then linear equations. As part of linear equations, I teach them how to add and subtract functions. As an exercise, I show them that they can add and subtract parabolas and lines, too.
So after the linear equations unit, I gave them a handout:
I don’t do much introduction here, except to tell them that the lighter graphs are a simple parabola and a line. The darker graph is the sum of the parabola and the line. What they are to do is explore the impact of the line’s slope, the b, on the vertex of the parabola, both the x and y values. We’d do that by evaluating the rate of change (the “slope” between two points of a non-linear equation) and looking for relationships.
Now, I don’t hold much truck with kids making their own discoveries. I want them to discover a clear pattern. But this activity also gives the kids practice at finding slopes, equations of lines, and vertex forms of a parabola. That’s why I felt free to toss this activity together. Even if it didn’t work to introduce standard form, it’d be a good review.
But it did work. Five or six students finished quickly, found the patterns I wanted, and I sent them off to the next activity. But most finished the seven parabolas in about 40 minutes or so and we answered the questions together.
- Using your data, what is the relationship between the slope of the line added (b) and the slope (rate of change) from the y-intercept to the vertex?
Answer: the slope (b) is twice the slope from the y-intercept to the vertex.
b⁄2= rate of change
- What is the relationship between the slope of the line added (b) and the x-value of the vertex?
Answer: the x value of the vertex is the slope of the line divided by negative 2.
b⁄-2= x value of the vertex
- What is the relationship between the y-intercept of the line and the y-intercept of the parabola?
Answer: they are the same.
Note: I made it very clear that we were dealing only with a=1, no stretch.
The activity was very useful–even some strong kids screwed up slope calculations because they counted graph hash marks rather than looking at the numbers. Some of the graphs went by 2s.
So then, they got a second handout:
Here, they will find the slope (rate of change!) from the y-intercept to the vertex and double it. That’s the slope of the line added to the parabola (b!). The y-intercept of the line is the same as the parabola.
The first example, on the left, has a -2 rate of change from vertex to y-intercept. Since a=1, that means b=-4. The y-intercept is 8. The equation in standard form is therefore
x2 -4x + 8. In vertex form, it’s (x-2)2 +4.
Tomorrow, we’ll finish up this handout and go onto the next step: no graph, just a standard form equation. So given y=x2 -8x + 1, you know that the rate of change is -4, and the x-value of the vertex is 4. Draw a vertical line at x=4, then sketch a line with a slope of -4 beginning at c (0,1).
This may seem forced, but students really have no idea how b influences the position of the vertex. I’m hoping this will start them off understanding the format of the standard form. If not, well, there’s the whole value of practicing slope and vertex form I can fall back on. But so far, it’s working really well.
By late tomorrow or Monday, we’ll be formalizing these rules and determining how an increase or decrease in a changes these relationships. So I hope to have them easily graphing parabolas in standard form by Monday. Yes, I’ll show them they can just plug x to find y.
Then we’ll talk about factored form, and go to binomial multiplication.
I’ll try to report back.日前，HLTV公布了一组非常有趣的数据，数据显示，Astralis战队主力成员五人众雄霸世界第一的时长达到了92周的时间，这样的数据远超其他战队选手。（数据来源于2015年之后）
在这项数据中，不管是NAVI的简单男孩，还是小蜜蜂的载物，都远远无法达到Astralis战队的水准。主要原因还是Astralis这支队伍在2018-2020年间的卓越表现。自Magsik加入Astralis战队之后，队伍的5名选手之间产生了非常优秀的化学反应，连续三年成为世界上的最佳战队，而队伍的五人也在这段合作的岁月里，占据了长达92周世界第一宝座。不过有一说一，在Magsik加入队伍之前，Astralis也是世界第一最有力的竞争者，这也可以看出队伍全员都是世界对强选手，Xyp9x、dupreeh以及device三人组甚至在世界第一的时间长达120周，可以说是CSGO历史上的最强组合之一。
在Astralis之后的队伍是巴西的四人组，Fallen、fer、TACO以及coldzera。他们两度拿下了Major的冠军，也正因如此，他们有着56周的世界第一统治时间，再就是瑞典的明星选手olofmeiter，他位于Fnatic以及FaZe队伍期间都登顶过世界第一，占据了37周的榜首时间，位列榜单第五。
A队近年来虽然不如之前的统治力，但是表现依旧出色，多人体系、青训体系都进行得相当不错，希望在今后的比赛中，他们能超越自我，达成更优秀的成绩。(October 2008) It is a familiar story to millions worldwide: Strained by economic hardship, a mother or father is forced leave their community and migrate to another country for work opportunities. Soon, money is sent back home to support family and friends. The number of cross-border migrants and the amount of cash flows across borders to support home communities continue to grow every year. Remittances, as these flows of money are known, are among the fastest-growing international financial flows.
Formal remittances doubled between the late 1980s and mid-1990s to almost $60 billion a year, doubled again by 2002, and almost doubled yet again to $208 billion by 2006. The World Bank estimates that recorded remittance flows worldwide added up to $318 billion in 2007. However, the total amount is even larger. Although estimates vary widely, informal flows of remittances through friends and relatives or through unregulated transfer agents (rather than through banks or regulated financial institutions) make up a significant portion of total global remittances. This unprecedented transfer of cash raises new possibilities for economic growth and has captured the interest of policymakers.
The rise of remittances goes hand-in-hand with the cross-border migration that is increasingly symptomatic of the demographic and economic shifts of globalization. More people are moving out of their home countries than ever before, pushed by economic and demographic inequalities, pulled by opportunities in other countries, and facilitated by ever-expanding communications and transportation infrastructures. According to Philip Martin and Gottfried Zürcher’s “Managing Migration: The Global Challenge,” the number of international migrants in industrialized countries alone more than doubled between 1985 and 2005 – from 55 million to 120 million. There were 191 million international migrants worldwide in 2005.1
India, China, Mexico, and Philippines Top Recipients
The World Bank’s Migration and Remittances Factbook 2008 provides data on the trends of worldwide flows of people and remittances. The top four recipient countries of migrant remittances in 2007 were India ($27 billion), China ($26 billion), Mexico ($25 billion) and the Philippines ($17 billion).
However, as a per capita share of gross domestic product (GDP), smaller countries such as Tajikistan, Moldova, Tonga, the Kyrgyz Republic, and Honduras were the largest recipients of remittances in 2006.
Industrialized and oil-producing countries are the main source of gross remittances, with the United States as the largest by far (with $42 billion in formal outward remittance flows in 2006), followed by Saudi Arabia, Switzerland, and Germany.
|Top 5 Remittance Recipients (2007)||Top 5 Remittance Recipients as % of GDP (2006)||Top 5 Remittance Senders (2006)||Top 5 Remittance Senders as % of GDP (2006)|
|India ($27 billion)||Tajikistan (36.2)||United States ($42.2 billion)||Luxembourg (18.2)|
|China ($25.7 billion)||Moldova (36.2)||Saudi Arabia ($15.6 billion)||Lebanon (18.2)|
|Mexico ($25.0 billion)||Tonga (32.3)||Switzerland ($13.8 billion)||Tajikistan (14.0)|
|Philippines ($17.0 billion)||Kyrgyz Republic (27.4)||Germany ($12.3 billion)||Bahrain (11.9)|
|France ($12.5 billion)||Honduras (25.6)||Russian Federation ($11.4 billion)||Maldives (9.1)|
Source: World Bank, Migration and Remittances Factbook 2008.
Remittances as a Tool For Poverty Reduction
Remittances have become the subject of increased interest for development aid agencies and policymakers. Cash flows from migrants back to their home countries now far exceed direct aid flows from donor nations, about $104 billion a year, or foreign direct investment, about $167 billion.2 What are the implications for development?
Remittances can have a multiplier effect. When migrants deposit their savings in banks in their home countries, these banks are able to lend remittance deposits for infrastructure and business development projects, benefiting the country as a whole.
However, all too often the poorest people do not benefit from remittances. Sound fundamental economic policies and institutions are required for remittances to truly affect developing country populations as a whole, and the least developed countries often lack these prerequisites.3
A Need for Coherent Policies
Often, economic policies contradict each other and lessen the benefits of remittances. For example, industrialized countries provide aid for development but enact trade policies that block imports from migrant-sending countries. In 2006, the UN’s high-level dialogue on international migration and development acknowledged the importance of remittances for international development. The Global Forum on Migration and Development, a non-UN body, was launched in the wake of the meeting to bring governments together to promote coherent policies across countries.
Recognizing the benefits of remittances on development, many international development organizations such as the World Bank advocate more labor migration. But for migrant-sending countries to fully benefit from remittances, fundamental economic policies including an appropriate exchange rate and an efficient banking system are essential.
As migration continues to rise, there is little reason to believe that remittances will slow anytime in the near future. The challenge is how to translate these
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sized chucks that can be assembled.
The series begins now:One of the last examples of this power being exercised was as late as the first century BC during the famous Catiline conspiracy which was thwarted by Cicero. It was only in the first century AD that father killing son was considered a punishable offence, although it took a few further centuries to put the offence on the same level as that of a son murdering his father!
The right to actually abandon a child remained in existence almost into the 5th century AD by which time Christian morality had a say in the matter, although this clearly didn’t mean the complete end of such practices which in a sense dated as far back as Rome’s mythological founder brothers Romulus and Remus who had themselves been abandoned and brought up by a she-wolf (a prostitute actually).
The Need for Descendants
Factors such as the Patrician’s wish or need of family descendents, wealth and social customs lead to a variety of marital and extra marital habits of which we have a good number of important examples:
Cato divorced his wife who had borne him several children already. In this way she might marry his friend Hortensius who had not been so lucky. In fact when Hortensius died Cato married his wife back again together with Hortensius’ inheritance. Ancient custom had it that once a wife had borne her husband three or more children she had pretty much done her duty to home and country and it would be quite the right thing to lend her/marry her off to a friend who hadn’t had such luck with his own wife.
Emperor Augustus gives us a pretty extreme example: He married Livia whilst she was pregnant of her former husband (who apart from anything else actually attended the marriage ceremony!) It has to be said that Livia and Augustus turned out to be made for one another.
We can see how the Romans’ need for descendants and a lack of 20th century fertility techniques lead the ancient Romans to relatively modern marital solutions! This of course went hand in hand with a good deal of extra-marital hanky panky which inevitably resulted in a good number or unrecognised offspring being abandoned.
It is quite likely that the name “Spurius” which was of Etruscan origins and frequently recurs throughout Roman history, was somehow linked to these unfortunate children. Likewise the name “Stercorius” closely associated with refuse and garbage is also frequent in funerary inscriptions.
In fact a child which had not been officially recognised by its father would often be killed or in any case given to a slave so that it might be disposed of, for example by abandoning or putting it on display close to refuse areas so that it might be picked up by passers by or left to die a sorry death.
This sort of abandonment was not only the case of children born of illegitimate affairs or indeed of children born of rape. It was particularly frequent amongst the poor, especially in the plebeianclass. Slaves could often hope for their masters to provide nutrition for their children whilst it is not unheard of for Plebeians to sell their own children into slavery so that they might have a better opportunity in life. The richer members of society could often resort to some form of abortion rather than having to carry out the pregnancy to such a sorry extreme.
These abandoned children could be picked up by just about anyone who according to their own disposition might choose to adopt and raise the child, giving it their own name, or indeed to keep the child as a slave or sell it on. Not surprisingly there were unscrupulous people who made a business of this and many of these children would be sold and find themselves doing one of the many jobs done by slaves. This might mean working in houses, shops, prostitution and farming or in the most glorious extreme fighting as gladiators or racing at the chariot races in the Circus Maximus.
In the most extreme cases beggars might use these foundlings to assist them in begging. In order to make them more effective it wouldn’t be unusual for them to maim the children and this practice made it necessary to pass laws obliging those who took a foundling to publicly declare their intentions for it. If anything, this attests to a degree of morality amongst the law makers.
Coming of Age
Roman children became an adult when they were still teen-agers. Traditionally the coming of age was accompanied by a specific festive ceremony during which the child would do away with the “bulla” round his neck (a necklace rather like that worn by soldiers), remove his sacred toga known as the “Praetexta” and put on the formal white toga worn by adult Roman citizens only.
The first shave which also symbolised a coming of age was often accompanied by a shaving ceremony called “deposito barbae” after which the beard would be left to grow again but kept short particularly when beards were fashionable in ancient Rome.
In reality the coming of age was accompanied by a far more “tangible” visit to the local prostitutes.
School and Education of Children in ancient Rome
Throughout the history of ancient Rome, schooling and education of children was left to the parents’ discretion. By and large basic education involved some notions of reading and writing as well as some simple arithmetic. The twelve tablets of law were learnt off by heart.
In the earliest times the child’s learning was left to the parents but it increasingly became a province of the mothers and eventually of specifically appointed slaves. There were no public schools other than some loosely organised sessions usually run by freed slaves (liberti).
Further education was the domain of the rich who were able to afford a tutor and to keep the child out of work.
Further detail about the schooling of ancient roman children can be found on this page about ancient roman education. We have also written a more in-depth description of learning and schools in ancient Rome.What are antioxidants and why do they matter? Learn all about these dynamic compounds, where to find them, and how they keep us healthy.
What Are Antioxidants?
Antioxidants are simply compounds that slow down damage to the cells. In a sense, they act as protective shields in our bodies. They’ll fend off attackers and make them harmless to us. Antioxidants keep our cells healthy and protect us from diseases.
Colloquially, we also call them “radical scavengers” because they combine with so-called harmful free radicals, which are unpaired atoms with an unpaired electron. Thus, they protect our body cells from oxidation and damage, which could come in the form of heart disease or damaged skin.
Since free radicals aren’t balanced, they’re “attacking” other substances to capture the missing electron. If, for example, a free radical snatches an electron from a fatty acid in our cell membrane, it damages the body cell. In addition, a chain reaction (the so-called lipid peroxidation) occurs. This forms new free radicals again and again.
On a large scale, such reactions can damage our cell membranes and also our genetic material in the cells. So we obviously want to minimize damage from free radicals, which promote the development of various diseases such as arteriosclerosis, heart disease, cataracts, and cancer.
Where Do Free Radicals Come From?
Our body constantly produces free radicals through metabolic processes. In addition, we take them in through the air and our food. Smoking, UV radiation, stress, and environmental pollution also increasingly produce free radicals. They weaken our immune system and accelerate skin aging – making us look old in the truest sense of the word. Due to increasing environmental pollution, we are increasingly exposed to the attack of free radicals. This is known as oxidative stress.
What Do Antioxidants Do?
The human organism has many enzymes and substances, such as glutathione, which have the ability to combine with free radicals. In addition to the body’s own antioxidants, our food also contains a large number of radical scavengers. These primarily include antioxidant supplements or vitamins such as vitamin C (ascorbic acid), vitamin E, lycopene, vitamin A, and beta-carotene.
Beta-carotene occurs in plant foods, combines with free radicals, and dissipates their energy in the form of heat. One can find vitamin E in our cell membranes. It protects the unsaturated fatty acids stored in the cell membrane from free radicals by providing them with one of its electrons and thus rendering them harmless. If the free radical has already attacked a fatty acid, vitamin E can provide this fatty acid with an electron and thus “repair” the fatty acid again.
The antioxidant vitamin C, in turn, provides vitamin E with an electron if it has already released an electron to a free radical. Vitamin C thus ensures the regeneration of vitamin E. The trace elements zinc and selenium as well as the secondary plant substances such as polyphenols and phytic acid also have antioxidant properties.
Antioxidants as Food Additives
In addition to the natural occurrence of antioxidants, the food industry also uses radical scavengers as antioxidants in order to extend the shelf life of foods. Here they prevent oxidation, too, i.e. the reaction with oxygen. So they delay undesirable processes in food that have adverse effects on quality, smell, and taste as well as appearance. The food industry uses naturally occurring antioxidants such as Vitamin C and Vitamin E, as well as synthetically produced antioxidants such as sulfur dioxide, sulfites or phosphates.
Should You Take Antioxidant Supplements?
In an ideal world, you’re much better off eating fresh and high-quality food than taking dietary supplements. Not only is your body better able to absorb them, but supplements aren’t cheap!
Nutritional supplements can provide isolated antioxidants, but not the “total package” we find in vegetables and fruit. The nutrient-rich fruits contain numerous secondary plant substances – small miracle weapons against free radicals. No food supplement in the world can even come close to imitating this totality and the interaction of the health-promoting ingredients in real foods. But if you’re in a place where you’re not able to eat a healthy diet, a good quality supplement is better than nothing!
Tips for an Antioxidant-Rich Nutrition
While many foods have anti-inflammatory or anti-aging benefits, food preparation matters. Many antioxidants sit under the skin of fruits or vegetables. So when possible, do not peel the fruits, but wash them thoroughly under running water. A balanced diet with plenty of fruit and vegetables supplies you well with secondary plant substances keeping your chock full of antioxidant supplements.
Experts recommend five portions of fruit and vegetables per day. You can supplement those with whole grain products, as most antioxidants sit in the outer layers of the grain.
Even your morning cup of coffee gives you some great antioxidant benefits. All the more reason to enjoy it Coffee naturally contains polyphenols, which are also antioxidants. You can also get these from green tea, red wine, or a piece of dark chocolate with a high cocoa content.
Triple Berry Smoothie
- 1/4 cup blueberries
- 1/4 cup raspberries
- 1/4 cup strawberries
- 1/4 banana
- 1/4 cup plain or vanilla yogurt
- 1/4 cup milk
- 1 tbsp honey
- 2 ice cubes
Triple Berry Smoothie
- Put strawberries, blueberries, raspberries, banana, yogurt, skim milk and honey in blender and blend.
- Add the ice cubes and blend until smooth.
- Paprika, oranges, broccoli, and brussels sprouts, are great sources of vitamin C.
- Vitamin E is found in flaxseed, hazelnuts, almonds, and wheat germ oil.
- Beta-carotene is found in colorful vegetables and fruits such as beetroot, spinach, mango, carrots, and kale.
- The trace element zinc is found in meat, fish, dairy products, eggs, and whole-grain products.
- Good sources of selenium are fish, meat, nuts, legumes, and whole-grain cereals.
Fruit and vegetables should correspond to the seasonal offerings and come best from open agriculture for maximum health benefits. It is also important to prepare the food gently (by slow cooking or eating it raw) in order to keep your food’s nutrients.
How to Keep Your Body Fit and Healthy With Antioxidants
Fuel your body with natural antioxidants and consume a balanced and vitamin-rich diet. That’s the simplest way to get enough antioxidants. Add in getting enough exercise and doing whatever you need to reduce stress goes a long way towards your health and happiness.发布时间：2020-11-16 10:41:22
来源：/product647761.html
现在社区内垃圾桶及果壳箱同时设立，二者功效明显分歧。果壳箱是供行人投放瓜皮果壳、烟蒂烟壳、饮料瓶、餐巾纸等小件渣滓用的；而垃圾桶则是供人人投放袋装大件垃圾用的。果壳箱对掩护大众情况清洁整齐作出了进献，箱体由两只桶构成，一只桶收纳可收受接管渣滓，另一个桶收纳弗成收受接管渣滓（其余渣滓）。早前社区只需单桶渣滓桶时，住民们普遍短缺渣滓分类认识，吃的用的甚么渣滓都往外面扔。果壳箱的设立有助于完成社区渣滓分类治理，更大限制地完成渣滓资本利用，削减渣滓处理量，改良栖身情况品质。
垃圾分类是对垃圾处理传统方法的改造，是对垃圾停止有用处理的一种科学治理办法。很多住民曾经开端构成垃圾分类认识，分类果壳箱的设置在无形中又将垃圾分类的观点进一步传递给住民，让人人一路成为垃圾分类的执行者，这对付推进文化社区建设具备积极意义。رییس گروه پیشبینی اداره کل هواشناسی استان خبر داد:
ورود سامانه بارشی جدید از عصر سهشنبه به آذربایجانشرقی
1402/10/17 - 09:52 - کد خبر: 106313
نسخه چاپی
نصر: رییس گروه پیشبینی اداره کل هواشناسی آذربایجانشرقی گفت: با ورود سامانه بارشی جدید از عصر سهشنبه، بارش برف و کولاک در بیشتر نواحی استان آغاز میشود.
به گزارش نصر، «محمد امیدفر»، روز یکشنبه در گفت و گویی با بیان اینکه این سامانه بارشی قدرت بیشتری نسبت به سامانه بارشی شامگاه جمعه گذشته دارد، افزود: فعالیت سامانه بارشی جدید تا اواخر روز جمعه آینده در آذربایجان شرقی ادامه خواهد یافت.
وی با اشاره به بارش برف در اوایل این هفته در بیشتر شهرهای آذربایجان شرقی، اظهار کرد: بیشترین بارش به میزان ۲۳.۲ میلی متر از شرق تبریز و کمترین بارش از هشترود به میزان ۱.۸ میلی متر گزارش شده است.
رییس گروه پیشبینی اداره کل هواشناسی آذربایجانشرقی با بیان اینکه از امروز تا عصر سه شنبه جوی پایدار در استان حاکم می شود، گفت: این وضع موجب افزایش آلاینده های جوی در شهرهای پرجمعیت و صنعتی استان به ویژه تبریز می شود.
امیدفر، ادامه داد: در ۲۴ ساعت گذشته سراب با دمای منفی ۱۱ درجه و خداآفرین با دمای مثبت ۱۶ درجه سانتی گراد به ترتیب سردترین و گرمترین شهرهای استان بودند.
وی یادآور شد: در این بازه زمانی دمای هوای تبریز در سردترین زمان به چهار درجه زیر صفر و در گرمترین زمان به ۶ درجه سانتی گراد بالای صفر رسید و دمای فعلی این شهر (ساعت ۹) سه درجه زیر صفر است که نسبت به روز گذشته در همین ساعت پنج درجه کاهش یافته است.
آذربایجان شرقی منطقه ای سردسیر و کوهستانی است و از لحاظ تقسیم بندی های اقلیمی جزو مناطق نیمه خشک به حساب می آید.
آب و هوای این استان به طور کلی سرد و خشک است ولی به علت تنوع توپوگرافیکی از اقلیم های متفاوتی برخوردار است.
آذربایجان شرقی همواره تحت تاثیر بادهای سرد شمالی و سیبری و بادهای مرطوب دریای سیاه و مدیترانه و اقیانوس اطلس همچنین بادهای محلی متاثر از کوهستان های سبلان در شرق، سهند در غرب و جنوب غربی، رشته کوه های قره داغ در شمال، رشته کوه های تخت سلیمان و اربط در جنوب، ارتفاعات بزقوش در جنوب شرق و قوشاداغ در شمال شرق استان قرار دارد.
انتهای پیام/Tutti conoscono Barbie, la bellissima, biondissima, famosissima e ormai anche storica bambolina prodotta dalla Mattel, con la quale, almeno una volta nella vita, hanno giocato e giocano ancora le bambine di tutto il mondo. Nessuno però conosceva il suo cognome, almeno fino ad ora. Anzi, addirittura si è pensato che non ne avesse uno, dato che finora non era mai stato menzionato in nessuna occasione dalla sua casa produttrice.
E invece Barbie un cognome ce l’ha, proprio come se fosse una persona vera, in carne ed ossa. Lo scorso 10 aprile, la casa produttrice di Barbie, la Mattel, lo ha rivelato sulla pagina ufficiale Twitter di Barbie. In occasione della giornata della fratellanza, Mattel ha pubblicato un tweet con una foto che ritraeva Barbie insieme alle sue sorelle.
Ecco il cognome di Barbie
Il post sottostante alla foto recitava: “Buona Festa dei Fratelli, da parte delle sorelle Roberts!“. Ecco dunque svelato il cognome di Barbie, finora sconosciuto. Il suo cognome è dunque Roberts. E in realtà, il suo nome completo è Barbara Millicent Roberts.
Quindi, in realtà, Barbie non è altro che un semplice nomignolo ed un diminutivo del nome Barbara. Oltretutto, anche il suo millenario fidanzato Ken ha un cognome. Il suo è infatti Carson e sono anche stati resi noti i nomi dei genitori di Barbie, decisamente molto meno famosi della loro biondissima figlia, si chiamano George (il papà) e Margaret (la mamma).
Barbie fu creata da Ruth ed Elliot Handler ed è stata presentata e vista per la prima volta nel 1959, al Salone Internazionale del Giocattolo. L’ispirazione per la nascita e la creazione di Barbie è arrivata proprio dalla figlia dei suoi ideatori e creatori, una bambina molto appassionata di bambole che ovviamente rispondeva al nome di Barbara.8 Temmuz 2005'te ESRB, bilgi teknolojisinin farkında olduğunu ve olası bir eylem olduğunu açıkladı sıcak kahveyi çevreleyen koşullara bir soruşturma soruşturma, eşcinsel seks filmi twinks mod'un önceden var olan kodun kilidini açıp açmadığını inceledi. aslında antioftalmik faktör kesinlikle üçüncü siyasi parti oluşturma
EH, 1 workweek gay seks filmi twinks için STRİPE kullandıktan sonra, ben 1996 geri kapalı bazı önceki merkezi işlem birimi kızak ile karşılaşmadım 3 John R. büyük sorunlarla karşılaştı.Fu capostipite di questa famiglia un Giovanni d’Isengard nato in Svevia, colonnello comandante in Borgsteinfort, marito di Cornelia Wendalina dei conti di Dembrock. Il figlio di lui Giovanni Teodoro fu pure colonnello al servizio del Principe Vescovo di Munster
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and demulcents (soothes irritation or inflammation of mucous membranes). An infused oil of Mullein flowers is a gentle and highly regarded remedy for treating ear infection in adults and children. The mullein is prepared with St. John’s Wort and garlic in an olive oil base to help ease pain during acute ear infection (see the recipe in this newsletter).
Two important cautions: never use tea tree oil in your recipe as it’s too potent for inside the ear; if a rupture is suspected or you are not sure of the cause of the ear pain, do not use an oil preparation – it can obscure a physician’s view of the eardrum.
Consult with a holistic healthcare professional to make the appropriate preparation of mullein for treating ear infection.
Holistic Therapies for Earache
Give these therapies a try the next time you or your child suffers with an earache: Contrast Hydrotherapy Foot Bath and Eustachian Tube Massage. Both are exceptional holistic therapies for soothing earache pain and facilitating the release of pressure that comes with ear or respiratory infection.
Contrast Hydrotherapy Foot Bath:
It’s hard to imagine that a foot bath can help relieve ear pain. But it can! Because of the way water acts to affect circulation, a hydrotherapy foot bath can help draw fluid build-up away from the ear. It’s an excellent way to strengthen your immune system, alleviate congestion, soothe sore muscles, and improve circulation. It involves immersion of the feet in cold and warm water for specified times. You’re probably familiar with using it for muscle injuries such as a sprain.
Contrast Foot Bath:
- Fill one basin with ice water, and another with very warm water.
- Have plenty of towels on hand as water will splash.
- Submerge feet in basin of warm water for 3 minutes.
- Immediately switch to cold water for 30 seconds.
- Repeat the process 3-5 times.
- Always end with the cold water.
- Gently dry legs and feet and put on warm socks.
- Rest for 20 minutes.
If there is inflammation or open wounds on the legs or feet, varicose veins, thrombosis or phlebitis, do not perform a contrast hydrotherapy foot bath unless supervised by a medical professional.
Eustachian Tube Massage:
Helps alleviate discomfort and pain that accompanies congestion and inflammation associated with earache and respiratory illness. It works by gently stretching the soft tissue that lines the tube and is suitable for an adult or a child. If you are not familiar, the job of the Eustachian Tube is to:
- balance pressure in the middle ear, keeping it equal with air pressure outside the body;
- protect the inner ear from nasal secretions;
- drain middle ear secretions into the area between the nasal cavity and upper throat.
ETM – DIY at home for yourself or your child:
Keep in mind that the ear may be very sensitive to touch if there is an infection, so go gently to start. Some kids may not want to be touched anywhere near or around the ear, which is understandable.
- Using your index or middle finger, feel behind your ear lobe for the bony bump. With firm, steady pressure slide your finger down until it slips into a groove between the ear lobe and the jaw.
- Follow that groove down the neck with your finger, sliding down (with the same steady pressure) until you reach the collar bone.
- For a small adult or a child, it may help to tilt your head to the shoulder opposite of the ear that you are massaging. (Ex: If massaging right side, tilt head to left shoulder)
- Repeat 3-4 times per side, about 3 times a day.Nella Francia del XVII secolo, si compie l’esistenza di Mademoiselle d’Albrecht. Orfana di madre, trascurata da un padre completamente rinchiuso nel dolore per il lutto, Louise-Catherine d’Albrecht trascorre i suoi primi quindici anni confortata dalla sola compagnia delle dame di servitù e dei suoi amati libri. In questa solitudine, l’incontro con il signor Ramón, l’istitutore a cui viene affidata, è una «folgorazione»: la passione che Mademoiselle d’Albrecht scopre di provare verso Ramón è il risvolto concreto della sete assoluta di conoscenza e di elevazione che pervade da sempre la giovane.
Francia, secolo XVII.
Mademoiselle d’Albrecht è orfana di madre; anche il padre, completamente assorbito dal dolore per il lutto, la trascura. Trascorre i suoi primi quindici anni in compagnia delle sole dame di servizio e dei suoi amati libri.
In questa solitudine, l’incontro con Monsieur Ramón, l’istitutore a cui viene affidata, è una folgorazione. La passione che Mademoiselle d’Albrecht scopre di provare verso l’uomo è il risvolto concreto della sete di conoscenza che pervade la giovane. Tuttavia, mentre il sentimento che lega la ragazza a Ramón è unico e totalizzante, quest’ultimo ha appreso dai poeti e dai filosofi, oggetto dei suoi insegnamenti, che nulla è eterno.
Raccontando la storia d’amore tra questi due personaggi, che adombrano alcune celebri coppie di amanti della letteratura europea come Abelardo ed Eloisa e Paolo e Francesca, il romanzo di Laurence Plazenet sviluppa una riflessione sull’amore, esplorandolo con tutti i filtri di una profonda cultura letteraria e filosofica.
Ambientato nella Romania del dopoguerra, La sottomissione è un romanzo che racconta la vita di una donna deportata nei campi di lavoro in Siberia, dove scopre che soltanto le donne incinte possono tornare a casa. Ma come si può restare incinta in un campo di sole donne? La protagonista riesce nell’impresa, ritornando in Romania, ormai sotto l’assedio delle autorità sovietiche. Gli eventi politici si mescolano alla vita quotidiana dei personaggi, sotto un velo nebbioso di mistero. Messi di fronte a loro stessi, i protagonisti vengono chiamati a fare una scelta tra la determinazione del proprio destino e la sottomissione a esso.
Fine luglio 1919. Sanyi, prestante macellaio vegetariano e aiutante del Partito Comunista ungherese, parte per Vienna con una missione segreta. Nelle sue mani c’è il destino della rivoluzione proletaria: venti chili d’oro in una valigia di cartone. Ma proprio in quei giorni la Repubblica dei Consigli fallisce, Sanyi finisce nell’illegalità. Della sua missione non gli rimane altro che una sifilide. Si apre una sanguinosa tragicommedia fatta di travestimenti e doppie identità.
Esistono famiglie che ci affidano al mondo e quelle che il mondo ci affida, strada facendo.
Amsterdam, ore tre. Un incontro perfetto è come trovare casa. Chi lo sa meglio di Jana e Bepi, i due protagonisti che danno vita ad una favola urbana dai mille incontri?
Lasciare casa per ritrovarsi in famiglia? Basta seguire un fiume, una bicicletta, un pesce…
Momenti della vita di Marisia, che dopo la morte della madre lascia Vienna per ritornare in Slovacchia. Qui trova lavoro come infermiera e un nuovo compagno, entrerà a far parte della numerosa famiglia di lui e infine scoprirà di non essere figlia unica, come aveva sempre saputo.浏览
我们很幸运的能够在晚餐吃到烤排骨因为他们通常会在8点钟走。老公从尾部开始切，我们都可以吃到小小的一部分。多么好笑！！我们每人都买了一些回家方便下次吃。排骨做的很好。老公也经常回来喝汤，他说很好。我在家里自制了糖醋汁和百胜沙拉，好吃。牛排的酱汁也很好吃。从餐厅到KOA也不远，额外加分！！در پی کاهش تولید عنصر کبالت در دنیا، کمپانی های بزرگ سازنده باتری ابزارهای موبایل از جمله Samsung SDI ،LG Chem و SK Innovation قصد دارند طراحی محصولات خود را برای حذف ماده مذکور از چرخه تولید تغییر دهند.
تمام ابزارهای موبایل امروزی از جمله تلفن های هوشمند، تبلت ها و لپ تاپ ها از باتری های لیتیوم-یون استفاده می کنند و عنصر کبالت یکی از اصلی ترین مواد در فرمول ساخت این باتری ها به شمار می رود.
درگیری های نظامی در کنگو و افزایش تولید خودروهای برقی باعث کمبود کبالت شده است
درگیری های سیاسی و نظامی اخیر در کشور کنگو به عنوان تامین کننده نیمی از کبالت دنیا، در کنار افزایش روز افزون تقاضا برای باتری های لیتیومی بزرگ جهت خودروهای برقی سبب شده تا قیمت این ماده در طی کمتر از یک سال تا ۹۰ درصد افزایش پیدا کند. در حال حاضر یک تن کبالت بیش از ۶۱ هزار دلار قیمت دارد.
کمپانی های بزرگ قصد دارند در بازطراحی باتری های خود کاتدهای پیشین را با آلیاژی از ۸۰ درصد نیکل، ۱۰ درصد کبالت و ۱۰ درصد منگنز جایگزین نمایند. در حال حاضر کاتد مورد استفاده در این باتری ها شامل ۶۰ درصد نیکل، ۲۰ درصد کبالت و ۲۰ درصد منگنز است.
این تغییر علاوه بر کاهش وابستگی به این ماده می تواند منجر به افزایش عمر باتری های لیتیوم-یون فعلی تا حد قابل توجهی شود.
البته بازطراحی باتری ها و آماده سازی نمونه های جدید بین ۳ تا ۴ سال به طور خواهد انجامید. کمپانی ها در این مدت ناچار هستند که به دنبال منابع دیگری برای تامین کبالت مورد نیاز خود خواهند بود، وگرنه به تدریج افزایش قیمت باتری ها اجتناب ناپذیر می شود.8月11日
1940年
▲ 李先念、任质斌、陈少敏致电中共中央军委、中原局、江北指挥部，报告襄西近况。
1941年
▲ 陈毅电示新四军第一师，提出苏中反“扫荡”的三点措施：一、我主力部队不应在敌人“扫荡”未退却前与敌作战，而应迅速转移地区，跳出敌人之“扫荡”圈，只以少数兵力分散和敌人作麻雀战；二、军政党机关人员速即分散，着便衣隐蔽，并多组织便衣队袭击敌人，保护机关物品，捕杀汉奸；三、布告人民一律不得助敌，不得为敌带路，不得向敌报告我军行动，并严令民众保护我军人员、物品，否则严办。
1943年
▲ 陈毅、饶漱石、赖传珠关于反击国民党军进攻的方针复电浙东指挥部：“现在张（俊升）、田（岫山）表示坚决打击国顽，你们同意并积极配合与协同动作是对的。……争取与巩固张、田与我合作，必须善于利用时机，坚决打击国顽；又要善于抓住时机扩大自己本身力量（首先是扩大军事力量）；同时必须顾到张、田利益，这三方面都不可缺少的”，“国顽现分三路向我进犯，但在军事上应主动的采取各个击破的战略方针。其动作就是集中优势兵力，先打击有胜利把握之一路，再相机继续打击其他两路”，“在政治上我们仍坚持统一战线政策方针”，“同意你们与张俊升、田岫山共同组织统一指挥机构”。
1945年
▲ 中共中央发出《关于日本宣布投降后我党的任务的决定》，提出：我党任务分为两个阶段，目前阶段，应集中主要力量迫使敌伪向我投降，不投降者，按具体情况发动进攻，逐一消灭之。猛烈扩大解放区，占领一切可能与必须占领的大小城市与交通要道，夺取武器与资源，并放手武装基本群众，不应稍有犹豫。将来阶段，国民党可能向我大举进攻，我党应准备调动兵力，对付内战，其数量与规模，依情况决定。一部分地区如江南、豫鄂、晋绥等地，第一阶段之时间可能甚短，对此应有充分估计。
▲ 延安总部发出第5号命令：命令所有沿北（京）宁路（沈阳）、北（京）绥（绥远包头）路、平（北京）汉（汉口）路、同（大同）蒲（经蒲州至风陵渡）路、德（州）石（家庄）路、正（定）太（原）路、白晋路（当时祁县白圭至晋城的一条未完成的铁路）、道清路（道口即今滑县至清化即今博爱之间的一条旧铁路）、（天）津浦（口）路、陇海路（兰州至连云港）、粤汉路（广州至汉口）、沪宁路（上海至南京）、京芜路（南京至芜湖）、沪杭甬路（上海至杭州、宁波）、广九路（指广州至九龙）、潮（州）汕（头）路等铁路线及其他解放区一切敌占交通要道两侧之中国解放区抗日军队，统应积极举行进攻，迫使敌伪无条件投降。如遇抗拒，应坚决消灭之。
▲ 延安总部发出第7号命令：命令解放区抗日部队进入敌伪侵占之城镇要塞后，各部队司令员负责实施紧急军事管制。
▲ 新四军向华中各地日军发出通牒：“立即命令所属部队及机关停止一切抵抗，并在原驻地听候处置”、“将一切武器、交通工具、军用器材及所有物资，于24小时内全部交与就近之本军部队，不得有任何损坏，亦不得交与本军以外任何方面”、“对中国人民及盟国俘虏不得有任何损害行为”、“即派代表到就近本军部队接洽”。在日军遵行上列诸项后，本军即按照优待俘虏条例，予以生命安全之保障。如违反上列任何一项，即视为敌对行为，本军则予以坚决消灭。
▲ 新四军政治部向各师政治部发布命令，提出“伟大胜利的日子已经到了，我们要坚决勇敢的完成党交给我们的一切光荣任务”、“进占各城市，解放一切沦陷区，克服前进路上的一切阻碍”、“解除敌伪武装，摧毁一切伪政权，如遇抗拒，坚决消灭”、“坚决执行命令，服从统一指挥，严肃军纪，整饬军容”、“严格执行优待俘虏政策，不枪杀虐待”、“进入城市及新地区，要正确执行政策，保护各阶层人民利益，服从民主政府法令，安定社会秩序，保护私人企业，保护一切公私建筑物，不损害群众一针一线，不许乱没收东西，严格实行公平买卖，尊重各地民情风俗”、“帮助沦陷区人民武装起来，并建立民主政权”、“不要让胜利冲昏头脑，防止骄傲，进一步加强内部团结，向兄弟部队虚心学习”等8个口号，命令各部立即在此口号下，用各种方式，深入进行动员。
▲ 张云逸、饶漱石、赖传珠电示新四军各部，提出我军各部队执行朱总司令10日关于日本已无条件投降命令，应注意：对各地区之敌伪，可利用各种社会关系劝说投降缴械；各地主力部队，应选择该区一二个主要拒绝投降之顽化伪军，给予坚决的歼灭，以达到威逼其他次要敌伪据点就范；对其他次要敌伪据点，应以军事威力达到政治争取和解决之目的；凡自愿对我缴械之敌军，应保障其生命财产之安全；凡自愿投我之伪军，应给以不改编、不缴械、不降级、不剥夺其军权的保证；以传单布告方式广为散发朱总司令命令；各部队接此命令后，应按当地具体情况部署施行。
▲ 张云逸、饶漱石、赖传珠向新四军各部，下达执行中共中央10日电进军部署及任务：苏浙军区部队重点以夺取南京，粉碎顽军进犯，并阻击顽之进占上海之任务，应迅即集结主力于适当位置，派一部主力于江宁、当涂地区对敌活动，准备截击桂顽可能南渡及不失时机进占南京。二纵队除留必要地方武装及金萧支队就地坚持并破坏交通外，主力应转移至沪宁线地带。现命浦东、浦西部队设法收缴敌伪武装、肃清“忠救”土顽，阻止顽军向上海挺进，并策应上海的地下军及附近部队相机占领上海；七师部队留二个主力团及各个支队、地方武装就地坚持江北地区，并威胁桂顽进出南京之后背外，该师另一个旅约三个主力团迅速南渡，汇合江南部队（共约五个团的兵力），控制芜湖、当涂以南地区，准备夺取芜湖并击退顽军进犯；二师主力以阻击桂顽向南京及津浦线（由蚌埠至浦口）之进出，以一部肃清浦口、江浦以北津浦路两侧之敌伪、土顽，并适时的夺取浦口与蚌埠的任务；第三师黄师长亲率八旅南下并指挥苏中部队，迅即坚决消灭孙良诚部队及其他顽化伪军。七旅留淮南直归本部指挥。十旅迅即在该地集结待令，准备收复淮阴等县城；四师迅速解决路东反顽战役后，主力应立即集结于路西，以阻击涡河以南顽军向徐州及津浦线之进犯，并准备夺取徐州至蚌埠线之任务。
▲ 中共中央华中局关于福建工作电示曾镜冰：日本无条件投降，福建部队应依山面向群众，继续进行隐蔽分散游击战争，准备应付内战。应加紧群众工作，组织扩大民兵，加强军民关系，巩固党内军内团结，一切本着自力更生不靠外援的方针，尽一切方法坚持阵地，并创造与扩大周围防卫游击基地，多购电料，确保电台联络。
▲ 粟裕、叶飞、
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to be printed. The present invention relates to sheet printers, which print on single sheets of paper, as distinct from printers that print onto a continuous printing medium that may later be separated into individual sheets.
Many printers use a pigment-containing liquid, generally termed an ink, to form the characters on the printing medium. (By contrast, other printers use a dry toner to form the characters.) The printer delivers the ink to the medium in the proper pattern using a printhead that creates the proper patterning. One important type of printhead is the ink jet printhead, which forms small streams or droplets of ink that are ejected toward the printing medium in the pattern that forms the characters. The droplets strike the medium and then dry to form the permanently printed characters. The drying occurs by a combination of absorption into the printing medium and evaporation of the liquid component of the ink.
The drying of the droplets takes some time, depending upon the content and composition of the ink, the weather (increased humidity slows the drying process), and the character of the printing medium. Different types of paper absorb the ink and permit it to dry at different rates. Specially treated papers that cause rapid drying of the ink are available for ink jet and other types of printers that use liquid inks, and such types of papers are recommended for use with such printers. One type of absorbent paper utilizes a thin, highly absorbent clay coating. Alternatively, other methods such as heaters or air jets can be used to accelerate the drying of the ink, but such methods increase the cost, weight, and complexity of the printer.
Many users of liquid-ink printers utilize conventional paper, not treated to accelerate drying, in their printers. The deposited ink dries much more slowly on the conventional paper than when the proper treated paper is used. As a result, there is an increased tendency for the ink to smear on the top sheet of the stack as the next sheet is conveyed onto the stack, and the bottom of the next sheet slides over the top of the top sheet. The user of the printer is likely to be unsatisfied with the results, and may blame the printer for the smeared characters rather than recognize that the use of the incorrect paper is responsible. This problem becomes particularly acute as printers are made to operate at increasingly high speeds, reducing the time available for the ink to dry on a sheet before the next sheet slides across it.
There therefore exists a need for an approach to reduce the smearing of ink on the previously deposited top sheet of a stack, as the next sheet is completed and deposited thereupon. The present invention fulfills this need, and further provides related advantages.
The present invention provides an apparatus and mechanism for depositing successive sheets of printing medium onto a stack, while minimizing the possibility of smearing of the ink on each sheet as the next sheet is deposited. The mechanism is compact, and is no larger in extent that the sheets themselves. When not in use, it folds to a position that is out of the way and not likely to be damaged when the printer is used. The mechanism is light and adds little to the weight of the printer.
In accordance with the invention, a printer comprises means for printing characters on sheets of a printing medium; means for conveying the sheets of the printing medium from the means for printing, along a printing medium path to a path end position overlying a collection station whereat a stack of the sheets is formed; and means for stacking the sheets at the collection station, the means for stacking including movable support arm means for supporting each sheet over the stack as the sheet is conveyed along the printing medium path to the path end position by the means for conveying, and for permitting the sheet to fall onto the stack after the sheet reaches the path end position, the support arm means including a support arm disposed to be selectively positionable under the central portion of the sheet as the sheet moves along the printing medium path.
More specifically and in a preferred embodiment, a printer comprises means for printing characters on sheets of a printing medium; means for conveying the sheets of the printing medium from the means for printing, along a printing medium path to a path end position overlying a collection station whereat a stack of the sheets is formed; and two movable support arms, each support arm being pivotally supported from a location laterally adjacent the printing medium path by an axle that is perpendicular to the printing medium path so that the support arm may pivot in a plane parallel to that of the printing medium path, from a first position wherein the arm is transversely disposed across and below the printing medium path, to a second position wherein the arm is angularly disposed across and below the printing medium path, to a third position whereat the arm is not below the printing medium path so that the printing medium can fall to lie upon the stack; and a drive mechanism that controllably pivots each support arm from its first position to its second position to its third position and then back to its first position after the sheet has fallen. (Terms such as parallel and perpendicular are used herein to describe approximate relationships, and absolute geometrical relationships are not required unless so stated.)
Also in accordance with the invention, a printer comprises a paper conveyor that grasps a sheet of paper and moves the paper; a printhead slidably mounted so that it may be traversed past the sheet of paper moved by the paper conveyor, in the direction transverse to the motion of the sheet; a pair of support arms mounted from axles positioned on either side of the path followed by the sheet of paper as it moves on the paper conveyor after it has passed the printhead; and a motor that causes the support arms to pivot on their respective axles, between a position whereat the arms are positioned across, and below, the sheet of paper, and a position whereat the arms are not below the sheet of paper, so that the sheet may fall.
In one form of the invention, as the characters are printed on the paper or other printing medium, the paper is conveyed along a paper path and past the printing means, which is typically a printhead that reciprocates transversely to the paper path to deposit ink in the required pattern. The paper is conveyed past the printhead by a frictional drive system that gently grasps the paper, as by robber wheels acting against a plate having a low coefficient of friction or against idler wheels. The movement of the paper conveyor is coordinated with the movement of the printhead, so that the paper is incrementally advanced as each line of printing is completed.
The paper gradually and incrementally advances out of the region of the printhead. When printing on that sheet of paper is completed, the sheet is deposited on the top of the stack that is formed in a collection tray positioned at a convenient location near the point where the paper would naturally fall as the drive system forces it to a point where the drive elements no longer engage the paper. In the absence of the active paper drop mechanism, the leading edge of the sheet would advance along the paper path with the sheet remaining generally planar. Eventually, however, the leading edge of the sheet would droop downwardly under the force of gravity. The underside of the leading edge would slide across the top surface of the top sheet that is already deposited upon the stack, tending to smear any undried ink that remained on the top sheet.
The active paper drop mechanism of the present invention supports the advancing sheet that is being printed in the paper path until the sheet is directly above the top of the stack, a location known as the path end position. The mechanism then permits the sheet to drop to the stack in a gentle dropping and pivoting motion that minimizes any sliding between the sheet being deposited and the top sheet on the stack. The possibility of smearing the ink is reduced because the previously deposited top sheet has a longer time to dry before the next sheet is deposited, and because there is very little sliding motion that would smear undried ink. Even if undried ink remains on the previously deposited sheet, it is likely to be undisturbed or, at the most, to be gently blotted by the back side of the sheet deposited over it.
The preferred paper drop mechanism includes a pair of lightweight support arms made of plastic that are of a length a few inches shorter than the length of the sheet of paper. The support arms are supported on axles, one adjacent each transverse edge of the paper as it emerges from the region of the printhead. The axles are displaced outwardly from the edges of the sheet of paper, so that the paper passes between the axles as it advances. The arms pivot on their respective axles, from a first position whereat they are folded against the face of the printer and extend transversely across the paper, to a second position at which they are crossed in the manner of scissors at an angle to the paper. In the first position and the second position, and at intermediate positions between the two, the arms are below the sheet of paper, so that the sheet of paper is supported against the top surfaces of the arms, as necessary. The arms are then pivoted further outwardly to a third position at which they extend perpendicular to the housing of the printer, and are no longer below the sheet of paper, so that it falls to lie on the stack of previously printed sheets.
The support arms are positioned at a height such that they are slightly below the paper path that the sheet follows as it moves forwardly. Initially, as the sheet begins to emerge from the printhead, the arms are in their first or folded position. As the sheet incrementally advances, the arms are incrementally pivoted toward their second or scissors position, with the rate of pivoting related to the rate of the advance of the sheet so that the ends of the arms are slightly behind the forward edge of the sheet. Eventually, the printing on the sheet is complete, and the paper conveying system moves the sheet to its maximum extent of travel, a path end point that places the sheet directly over the top of the previously deposited sheet on the paper stack. Although the sheet is directly above the top of the stack, it is displaced vertically upwardly because of the support provided by the support arms in their second position. The support arms then are pivoted further outwardly to their third position, where they no longer support the sheet, and it falls to the stack.
As the sheet falls to the stack, there is virtually no sliding of the falling sheet over the previously deposited sheet. The sheet falls generally vertically downwardly, without a significant component of forward motion. However, the detailed path of the sheet during the drop is more complex and is dictated by the scissoring movement of the support arms to minimize sliding motion. The scissoring action of the support arms places the crossing point of the arms near to the forward edge of the sheet in the second position, supporting the forward edge fully. The portion of the paper near the rearward edge is supported only at its transverse edges, causing the center to sag and bow downwardly. When the support arms are pivoted outwardly from the second to the third position, the rearward edge of the sheet falls first in this arrangement.
The collection tray or receptacle is preferably constructed so that there is a slight upward angle from the location adjacent the front of the printer to the location further from the front of the printer. As the sheet falls, rearward edge first, the rearward edge is urged by gravity and its motion to rest against a back stop on the collection tray. The rearward edge of the sheet of paper thus falls to a location defined by the top sheet of the stack and the back stop. The front portion of the sheet then pivots about this established point as it falls, so that the sheet drops by a combination of falling and pivoting motions. This motion is selected to minimize sliding by ensuring that the sheet comes to rest at a location which is identical from one sheet to the next, except that the sheets are gradually displaced upwardly as the stack of previously deposited sheets grows higher.
After each sheet falls to the top of the stack, the arms are pivoted back from the third or outwardly projecting position to the first or folded position, and the process is repeated for the next sheet of paper.
Thus, the paper drop mechanism of the invention is active in the sense that it is positively driven in coordination with the conveying of the paper past the printhead, rather than being an inert paper guide or the like. The active paper drop mechanism is driven by a relatively simple, yet readily controllable, drive mechanism whose movement is coordinated with the movement of the paper.
The active paper drop mechanism adds little weight, complexity, and cost to the printer, but greatly reduces the possibility of the smearing of undried ink on sheets as they lie on the top of the collection stack. The size of the "footprint" of the printer, when the printer is not in use, is not substantially enlarged, an important feature for users who place the printer on a desktop or other congested space. Other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following more detailed description of the preferred embodiment, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which illustrate, by way of example, the principles of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a perspective drawing of a printer utilizing the active paper drop mechanism of the invention, with a portion of the cover shown in phantom lines so that the interior mechanism is visible;
FIG. 2 is a perspective drawing of the printer of FIG. 1, with the support arms in the first position;
FIG. 3 is a perspective drawing in the same view as FIG. 2, but with the support arms intermediate between the first and second positions;
FIG. 4 is a perspective drawing in the same view as FIG. 2, but with the support arms in the second position;
FIG. 5 is a perspective drawing in the same view as FIG. 2, but with the support arms in the third position;
FIG. 6 is an interior perspective view of a detail of the printer of FIG. 1, illustrating the active paper drop mechanism; and
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of the control system of the printer of FIG. 1.
As illustrated in FIG. 1, a printer 10 includes a paper conveying system 12 that moves a sheet of paper 14 past a printhead 16 along a paper path 18, here indicated as a portion of a plane upon which the paper moves. The printhead 16 is preferably, but not necessarily, an inkjet printhead, such as a thermal inkjet printhead, of the types described in the articles printed in the Hewlett Packard Journal, Volume 36, Number 5 (May 1985), whose disclosure is herein incorporated by reference. The printhead 16 is slidably mounted on a rail 20 extending transversely to the paper path 18, and is reciprocated over the sheet 14 from side to side, between the transverse edges 22 of the sheet of paper, by a motor 24. As the printhead 16 moves, a controller causes droplets of ink to be ejected from orifices in the printhead 16 facing the sheet of paper 14, to deposit characters onto the paper. Such characters may be letters, numbers, drawings, or such other patterns as may be desirably printed.
The paper conveying system 12 includes a platen 26 in the form of a roller, and a stepping motor 28 whose operation is coordinated with the movement of the printhead 16, so that as each line of printing is completed the paper is advanced along the paper path 18 by an amount equal to the selected spacing between lines of print. Thus, the sheet of paper 14 moves forwardly in a semi-continuous, incremented fashion as the printing is performed. A forward edge of the sheet 30 is the edge that first emerges from the printer 10.
A pair of support arms 32 are respectively supported at a location adjacent a front face 34 of the printer 10 by a pair of vertically oriented axles 36. The axles 36 are positioned sufficiently far apart and outwardly from the transverse edges 22 of the sheet of paper 14 so that the sheet of paper 14 passes between them as it emerges from the printer along the paper path 18. Each support arm 32 is selectively and controllably pivotable on its axle 36 by a support arm drive system 38. The support arms 32 are positioned at a height or vertical location on the axles 36 such that the top surfaces of the arms 32 are adjacent the underside of the paper path 18. The sheet of paper 14 passes over the tops of the support arms 32 as it emerges from the region of the printhead and the paper conveying system 12, moving along the paper path 18.
The operation of the support arms 32 is illustrated in FIGS. 2-5, which present the progression of the pivoting of the arms 32 in relation to the movement of the sheet of paper 14, as the sheet of paper 14 is incrementally moved forward by the paper conveying system 12. In FIG. 1, the forward edge 30 of the sheet of paper is just beginning to emerge from the paper conveying system 12. The support arms 32 are in a first or folded position 40, wherein the support arms 32 are pivoted on their axles 36 to lie flat or nearly flat against the front face 34. The tops of the arms 32 are just below the forward edge 30 of the sheet of paper, so that the forward edge 30 is supported on the tops of the arms 32 if it sags. Normally, however, at this early stage of emergence of the sheet of paper 14, the unsupported length of paper is sufficiently small that the rigidity of the paper prevents it from sagging.
As the sheet of paper 14 moves incrementally forward, the support arms 32 begin to unfold in the manner illustrated in FIG. 3, by pivoting outwardly from their first position 40. The rate of pivoting is controlled so as to match the rate of forward advance of the sheet of paper 14, preferably keeping the tips 42 of the arms 32 a short distance behind the forward edge 30 of the sheet of paper. The arms 32 thus form a scissors pattern in that they cross at a crossing point 44, but the arms are not joined together at the crossing point 44 in the manner of cutting scissors. As the sheet of paper 14 emerges ever-increasing amounts from the front face 34 of the printer, there is an increasing tendency for the sheet to sag downwardly toward the top surfaces of the arms 32. When such sagging occurs, the underside of the sheet 14 contacts the upper surfaces of the arms 32, and the sagging is arrested. The sheet 14 therefore continues outwardly from the printer along generally the same planar paper path 18 that it would have followed had it been made of an entirely rigid material.
In the intermediate position illustrated in FIG. 3, virtually the entire width and length of the sheet 14 are supported, but it is apparent that, as the arms 32 continue to pivot outwardly away from the first position 40, the greatest support from the arms 32 is provided nearest to the forward edge 30 of the sheet of paper. The portion of the sheet nearest the front face 34, that is, the portion most recently emerging from the printer 10, is supported only along its outer edges near the transverse edges of the sheet of paper 22 by the arms 32. There is therefore a tendency for the sheet in that region to bow downwardly,
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a specific religion sometimes feel left out of winter holidays.
Yule is like a hot toddy for these chilled and isolated souls. From mistletoe to gift exchanging, Yule explores and exalts the pagan and regional roots to many of our contemporary rituals and celebrations.
For example, lights were historically used to decorate winter homes in order to "frighten negative entities and urge the sun to shine," according to author Dorothy Morrison.
Many people believe that Santa's reindeer "represent the stags that drew the chariot of the Norse gift-giving goddess, Freya."
Beyond all the fascinating trivia, this is also a book that offers fresh approaches to old traditions, such as having a cleaning ritual that ceremoniously sweeps out the old and makes room for the new season or conducting a reverent "tree blessing" ceremony.
Morrison also suggests numerous homemade crafts and gift ideas (many are suitable for children), inviting seasonal recipes (such as Yuletide Ambrosia and Dragon's Layer Cake), and a December calendar that lists traditions and rituals for every day of the month.
The festivities were marked by generalized goodwill as well as what had to be described as barbaric hedonism.
When early Christianity arrived, it struggled to become established. Its leaders understood the powerful hold the midwinter festival held on ordinary people. December 25 was celebrated in honor of Mithra, the Sun God. This cult, originated in Persia, had much in common with Christianity. Its beliefs included baptism, a doctrine of an Intercessor and Redeemer, a future life, and judgment to come.
Mithra had one major disadvantage, it held no place for women. Christianity held that women had souls and are equal to men.
In the middle of the fourth century, the Church decreed that henceforth the 25th of December would be recognized as the Day of Christ's Nativity. The Church hoped to draw the pagans from worship of the Sun God to worship of the Son of God.
It took a long time before the missionaries arrived in Scandinavia, but they did arrive.
While the pagans were willing to embrace Christianity, they had no intention of giving up their midwinter festivals. So, what came to be known as Christmas developed a split personality, religious and secular, sacred and profane.
This dual nature of Christmas observance is particularly true in Scandinavia. The dual nature of observance, pious and pagan, continued through the centuries.
From the middle ages until the reformation, the royal courts of Europe set the Christmas pace. Long church services were offset by the most elaborate festivities; plays and masques were performed.
Then came the reaction, in 1647, under Oliver Cromwell (in England), an act of Parliament forbade the observance of Christmas. And in North America, in 1659, under the government of the Puritans, it became illegal to celebrate Christmas. Christmas was stricken from the church calendar.
No such extremes were found in Scandinavia, but there was still a certain reluctance to accept the celebration of Christmas until the end of the eighteenth century.
Up until that time there was precious little that resembled the Christmas we know today - no family togetherness, no Christmas trees, no Christmas cards, no Christmas shopping, not much in the way of Christmas presents, and of course no Santa Claus.
All that was soon to change.
The date of New Year's Day has varied among different nations. Among the Egyptians, Chinese, Jews, and Romans it has been observed on dates varying from March first to December twenty-fifth.
It was as late as the Sixteenth Century before the date of January first was universally accepted as the New Year by the Romans.
Nations retaining the Gregorian calendar, such as Russia and Greece, observe it thirteen days later than those who reckon time by the Julian calendar.
Among northern nations the love of fire and light originated the custom of kindling bonfires to burn out the old year and destroy all evil connected with its past.
Light has long been an expression of joy and gladness among all branches of the Aryan race.
The Greek and Latin Churches still term Christmas the "Feast of Lights," and make it a period of brilliancy in Church and home.
The Protestant covers the Christmas tree with lighted candles and builds a glowing fire on the hearth.
The innate love of light and warmth--the inheritance from the sun-worshipers of ages past--is always dominant in humanity at Yule-tide festivals - especially in Scandinavia.Moody's 12 İngiliz bankasının kredi notunu düşürdü LONDRA (A.A)
07 Ekim 2011 14:47
-Moody's 12 İngiliz bankasının kredi notunu düşürdü LONDRA (A.A) - 07.10.2011 - Uluslararası kredi derecelendirme kuruluşu Moody's, 12 İngiliz bankasının kredi notunu düşürdü. Kuruluştan yapılan açıklamada, kararda, bankaların finansal anlamda sorunlu hale gelmesi durumunda İngiliz hükümetinin destek verme ihtimalinin az olmasının etkili olduğu belirtilerek, hükümetin sistematik olarak önemli finansal kuruluşlara destek vermeye devam edeceğini ancak büyük olasılıkla küçük kuruluşların batmasına izin verecek gibi göründüğünü vurguladı. Moody's, Lloyds TSB Bank, Santander UK ve Co-Operative Bank'ın notunu bir basamak, Royal Bank of Scotland ve Nationwide Building Society'nin notunu ise iki basamak düşürdü. Yedi daha küçük kuruluşun notunu bir ve beş basamak arasında düşüren Moody's, Clydesdale Bank'ın notunu ise ''A2'' olarak teyit etti ancak görünümünü ''negatif'' olarak belirledi.When it comes to vessel fabrication materials and component thickness, (MDMT)M is the lowest temperature that can be tolerated based on their metallurgy and thickness, that is, when it comes to low temperature embrittlement range and charpy impact test requirements per temperature and thickness, for each one of the vessel’s components.
- 1 How is MDMT calculated?
- 2 What is meant by MDMT?
- 3 What is carbon steel MDMT?
- 4 How do you calculate pressure vessel?
- 5 What is the minimum temperature for carbon steel?
- 6 What is the design temperature?
- 7 What is LTCS material?
- 8 Why is carbon added to steel?
- 9 Is high carbon steel brittle?
- 10 What is the volume of this cylinder?
- 11 What is hoop stress formula?
- 12 How do you calculate pressure from thickness?
How is MDMT calculated?
Ri is the ratio of the thickness required at MDMT to the thickness that has corroded. Ro is the relationship between the real stress and the permissible stress. tMT = the thickness of the portion required at MDMT in millimeters. According to the ASME Code, this must be determined for each pressure vessel and the MDMT must be stamped on the nameplate of the vessel.
What is meant by MDMT?
Let’s start by defining MDMT: Minimum Design Metal Temperature (MDMT) is the lowest temperature that a vessel can endure while using the material and thickness that have been selected. It is an important consideration when constructing a pressure vessel since it is dependent on the environment in which the pressure vessel will be situated.
What is carbon steel MDMT?
MMT (Minimum Design Metal Temperature) is the lowest temperature that a pipe system made of specified material and thickness may sustain before failure occurs. 1 shows the minimum design temperatures for a few carbon steel pipe types, with the lowest temperatures being underlined.
How do you calculate pressure vessel?
To estimate the inner diameter of pipes, take the nominal outer diameter and divide it by two to get the nominal wall thickness. Only when the thickness of the vessel is determined can the design pressure for the vessel be calculated by the computer.
What is the minimum temperature for carbon steel?
Carbon steel that has been impact-tested can be specified with minimum design temperatures as low as -50° F (-46° C). It is possible to specify stainless steel types 304 or 316 for design temperatures as low as -50 degrees Fahrenheit. Project piping standards are typically based on the ASME B31 piping standard for the industrial pipe industry.
What is the design temperature?
Based on the highest temperature that will be experienced by the equipment, design temperature takes into consideration the range of high and low temperatures that are maintained for 99 percent of the year in the geographical region, taking the 30-year average into consideration.
What is LTCS material?
In low temperature applications, such as those below -150 degrees Fahrenheit, LTCS alloy steel plates are particularly suitable. Cryogenic construction of spacecraft, as well as low-temperature applications in chemical plants below -55 degrees Celsius, are the primary applications. Steels for structural applications with carbon contents ranging from 0.15 to 0.25 percent.
Why is carbon added to steel?
In general, carbon steel alloys are the most widely used commercial steel alloys. Increasing the carbon content of a material enhances its hardness and strength, as well as its hardenability. Carbon, on the other hand, increases brittleness and lowers weldability as a result of its proclivity to generate martensite. The majority of steel is less than 0.35 percent carbon by weight.
Is high carbon steel brittle?
High carbon steels, as the name implies, are steels that contain a high percentage of carbon. The impurities in it also reduce the ductility and weldability of the steel, and as a result of the impurities, it becomes significantly more brittle.
What is the volume of this cylinder?
The volume of a cylinder may be calculated using the formula V=Bh or V=r2h. The cylinder has an 8-centimeter radius and a 15-centimeter diameter. In the equation V=r2h, replace r with 8 and h with 15 in the formula. Simplify.
What is hoop stress formula?
Heap stress is calculated using the H=PDm/2t equation, which is typical practice. Allowable or hoop stress is represented by the letter H in this equation. Pressure is represented by the letter P, while pipe thickness is represented by the letter t.
How do you calculate pressure from thickness?
The thickness, MAWP, and volume of the hemispherical head are all measured.در اینجا یک نام تجاری جدید بازی سرگرم کننده که در آن شما خواهد شد به گاوچران جو معرفی شده است. او دوست ماجراهای شدید، که یکی از آنها به شما خواهد کرد و بخشی را. شما نیاز به زمان برای پرش از دلایل افزایش، برای جلوگیری از که در بالا صاف و مسطح. به محض این که به زیر پرش راست خود را به آن فضا وجود دارد. درست انجام شود می ترسم به سقوط است، البته یک ارتفاع مناسب و معقول وجود دارد.Sono un vecchio antifascista (praticamente da sempre, perché cresciuto da una zia di formazione azionista) ed il 25 aprile è una data che mi ha sempre detto qualcosa. Mi pare giusto dedicare il pezzo di oggi ad un tema connesso: è ancora attuale parlare di un pericolo fascista?
25 Apr2016The government’s disaster prevention panel on Tuesday revised the basic plan for disaster preparedness in the wake of the March 11 earthquake and tsunami, seeking to reinforce measures against tsunami waves that caused most of the damage in the disaster in northeastern Japan, officials said.
A separate panel of experts compiled an interim report the same day doubling the focal area of potential megaquakes that could strike Japan and provisionally raising the magnitude of such temblors from 8.7 to 9.0.The Central Disaster Prevention Council, headed by Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda, created a section devoted to tsunami countermeasures in the revised basic disaster prevention plan.
The Nankai megathrust earthquakes are great earthquakes that occur along the fault that forms the plate interface between the subducting Philippine Sea Plate and the overriding Amurian Plate (part of the Eurasian Plate), which dips beneath southwestern Honshu, Japan. All of these great earthquakes have given rise to damaging tsunami.
The Nankai Trough is the near-surface extension of a zone of active seismicity that dips beneath SW Japan. The rupture zone has been subdivided into five areas with respect to seismic modelling.
In 1999, the likelihood of the occurrence of a great earthquake in the Tokai area in the period 2000-2010 was estimated to be in the range of 0.35.–0.45.
Despite the uncertainty of when such an earthquake will occur, local authorities are already taking action to prepare residents for what they regard as an inevitability.
Possible focal regions for a megaquake that experts say could occur along the Nankai Trough off the southern coast should be doubled in size from previous estimates, according to an interim report compiled Tuesday by a Cabinet Office panel.
With the expansion of possible focal regions, the magnitude of the megaquake could be 9 or higher should the three earthquakes occur concurrently, according to the report.
The revision was based on the results of recent studies, with the newly estimated possible focal regions covering an area of about 110,000 square kilometers, expanding to the north and southwest.
The newly added region on the north side has been struck by earthquakes that generated low-frequency seismic waves at a depth of about 30 kilometers or deeper.
The report also included areas off Miyazaki Prefecture as part of the newly estimated possible focal regions because of the likelihood that a magnitude-7.5 quake could occur in the area in conjunction with the three quakes.
The newly estimated possible focal regions have also been expanded to the east to cover the plate boundaries in Suruga Bay, as well as a belt of fault lines centered on the mouth of the Fujikawa river, which flows into the bay.
The interim report stated that tsunami would be triggered by not only the newly estimated possible focal regions, but also an area south of the regions at a depth of about 10 kilometers or less.
The Nankai Trough 南海トラフ is a submarine trough located south of Japan‘s island of Honshū, extending approximately 900 km offshore. In plate tectonics, the Nankai Trough marks a subduction zone that is caused by subduction of the Philippine Sea Plate beneath Japan, part of the Eurasian plate .
This plate boundary would be an oceanic trench except for a high flux of sediments that fills the trench. Within the Nankai Trough there is a large amount of deformed trench sediments (Ike, 2004), making one of Earth’s best examples of accretionary prism.
Furthermore, seismic reflection studies have revealed the presence of basement highs that are interpreted as seamounts that are covered in sediments.
The Nankai Trough is actively deforming and marks a region of seismic activity. Deformation is concentrated in the outermost imbricate zone, with a significant amount of “out of sequence” thrusting occurring landward.
Based on the work of Operta et al., 2006, several areas of intense tectonic activity in the Nankai Trough were identified using full waveform tomography. The upper portion of the upper accretionary prism and the underlying backstop are currently undergoing a great deal of compressional pressure. Several thrust faults were identified by Operta et al., 2006, of which the thrust faults closest to the subduction zone are active.
Furthermore, Pisana et al., 2006, identified protothrusts and decollement surfaces along the Nankai Trough. Recently there has been an increase in interest in the release of water from illite clays in subducting sediments.
- Japanese Scientists Find March 11th Earthquake was Cumulation of 6 Earthquakes – Possibility of another mega-quake bigger than any single event envisaged so far (enformable.com)
- Catastrophe in Japan – Cascadia Subduction Zone – West Coast at Risk (enformable.com)
- Strong ground motions from the 2011 Japan earthquake obtained from a dense nationwide seismic network (enformable.com)
- New Research Identifies Japan’s Elevated Risk from Tsunamis – Researcher says 4 quakes could trigger huge tsunami (enformable.com)Centennial (Colorado, Usa), 30 lug. (LaPresse/AP) - James Holmes, sospetto autore della strage del cinema di Aurora, è stato incriminato con 24 capi d'accusa per omicidio e 116 di tentato omicidio. Il 24enne è comparso in tribunale in Colorado, dove i procuratori lo hanno accusato formalmente anche per possesso di esplosivi, per aver disseminato il suo appartamento di trappole pronte a esplodere. Nella sparatoria nel cinema di Denver, il 20 luglio, sono rimaste uccise 12 persone e 58 sono state ferite. Holmes era studente all'università locale prima di ritirarsi il mese scorso.
All'udienza di oggi era vietata la presenza di telecamere e macchine fotografiche, a differenza che nella precedente del 23 luglio. Le autorità hanno voluto impedire che una simile copertura mediatica potesse violare il diritto di Holmes di avere un giusto processo. Anche oggi la sicurezza era rafforzata al tribunale, con guardie armate sui tetti degli edifici e veicoli delle forze dell'ordine a bloccare le entrate. Nel processo, secondo gli esperti, molto si deciderà in base alla valutazione della salute mentale del 24enne. Intanto, i procuratori decideranno nelle prossime settimane se chiedere per lui la pena di morte.
Holmes è stato incriminato con due capi d'accusa di omicidio per ogni vittima della strage e con due capi d'accusa di tentato omicidio per ciascuna delle 58 persone rimaste ferite. Per quanto riguarda le accuse di omicidio, una è di omicidio premeditato e l'altra di omicidio compiuto con estrema indifferenza. Se sarà ritenuto colpevole, il 24enne rischierà la pena di morte. Un esperto legale ha spiegato che la condanna per omicidio compiuto con estrema indifferenza significa che eventuali condanne all'ergastolo dovranno essere scontate consecutivamente e non contemporaneamente.
© Copyright LaPresse - Riproduzione Riservataپیام نو | سرهنگ نوراله خادم درباره تردد ثبت شده در محورهای برون شهری اطراف پایتخت گفت: به طورکلی در روز گذشته شاهد افزایش تردد خودروها در سطح محورهای استان تهران نسبت به سه سال گذشته بودیم بهطوری که در این روز در آزادراه تهران – کرج ۲۰۷ هزار و دو مورد تردد ثبت شد که بیشترین تردد را به خود اختصاص داد.
وی با بیان اینکه در آزادراه تهران – قم نیز ۱۵۹ هزار و ۲۱۸ تردد ثبت شد، گفت: در محور تهران – شهریار نیز ۱۲۲ هزار و ۶۱۸ تردد به ثبت رسید. تعداد ترددهای ثبت شده در آزادراه تهران – ساوه نیز در این روز ۱۲۰
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artmıştı.
Ordu ihmal edildiği için Yunanlılar Ankara önlerine gelebilmişti. Sakarya Savaşı'nı Mustafa Kemal'in hataları uzatmıştı. Karabekir ayrıca, Mustafa Kemal'i, Ali Şükrü'nün katili Topal Osman'ı, TKP'li Mustafa Suphiler'in katili Yahya Kahya'yı, Erzurum Kongresi sırasında Mustafa Kemal'i tutuklamaya çalışan Trabzon Valisi Ali Galip'i ve Fevzi Paşa'yı öldürme emri verdiği için de suçluyordu. Ama en büyük eleştirisi Cumhuriyet'in alelacele ilan edilmesi, halifeliğin ise Musul meselesi çözülmeden kaldırılması konusunda idi.
Kitabın müsadere edilen nüshalarından biri üzerinden Mustafa Kemal tarafından hazırlanan dokuz sayfalık yanıtlarda, bazı açıklamaların yanı sıra, 'yalan', 'saçma ve ayıp', 'beyinsizce' şeklinde notlar düşülmüşse de İslamcı-milliyetçi ideolojisinin ve benmerkezci kişiliğinin yarattığı öznelliği hesaba katarak belli bir ihtiyat payı bırakmak kaydıyla, Kazım Karabekir'in iddialarını incelemekte fayda vardır.
RADİKALSimon Critchley: "Felsefe hayal kırıklığıyla başlar."
Ölmeyi öğrenen kölelikten kurtulur, der Montaigne; yani ölümlülüğün sınırını kabul eden özgürleşir.
Carl Cederström
Yakın zamanda Simon Critchley’e bir televizyon programında nasıl felsefeci olduğunu sorduğumda şu kısa ve öz cevabı aldım: “Başarısızlık.” Yalnızca şair ve müzisyen olarak değil, siyasi aktivist olarak da başarısız olduğunu söyledi.
Critchley için felsefeye giden yol başarısızlıktan geçiyorsa, kendisi için başarıya giden yol da felsefeden geçiyor gibi. Yazdığı birçok kitap büyük ilgiyle karşılandı ve adına yakışır tüm felsefe eserleri gibi büyük tartışmalara yol açtı; kimilerinde büyük hayranlık uyandırdı, kimilerinde derin infiale yol açtı. Eserlerinde mizah, etik, şiir, sinema, edebiyat, yapıbozum ve ölüm gibi geniş bir yelpazeden birçok konuyu ele aldı. Pek de egzotik olmayan birkaç Batı Avrupa ülkesinde yaşadı, gezgin hayatı sürdü. Ama nihayet birkaç yıl önce New York’ta daha düzenli bir yaşama adım attı. Yakın zamanda evlendi ve şu anda New School for Social Research Felsefe bölümünde öğretim üyesi.
2008 yılında London Review of Books ve Harper’s Magazine’de Simon Critchley ve Slavoj Žižek siyasi şiddetin durumu üzerine yürüttükleri tartışmada kozlarını paylaştı. Critchley’nin ileri sürdüğü, devletle arasına mesafe koyan bir siyasi direniş fikrinin Žižek’e göre iler tutar tarafı yoktu. Critchley ise bu eleştiriye şöyle karşılık verdi: Žižek’in şiddet retoriği somut siyasi eyleme karşı duyduğu antipatinin göstergesiydi aslında; devrimci şiddet eylemlerine dair bütün konuşmalarının altında yatan buydu (Critchley’nin “Sloven Hamlet” yakıştırması da buna göndermeydi). Söyleşi bu karşılıklı atışmanın ardından gerçekleşti.
Söyleşide ele alınan bir diğer önemli konu da mizahın siyasetteki yeri. Critchley’e göre mizah, siyasi direniş için potansiyel bir alan sağlıyor. Ne var ki siyasetçiler ve şirketler de mizahı kendi emellerine alet edebiliyor. İktidar sahibi kurumların mizahı temellük etmesinden ne anlamalıyız? Değindiğimiz bir başka konu da mistisizm ve psikoz arasındaki ilişki. Burada geliştirilen düşüncelerin bazıları Critchley’nin İmansızların İmanı kitabının mistik anarşizm bölümünü oluşturdu, bazıları da “hiçbir yere varmadı ve varmayacak”.
Söyleşiyi 2008’de Londra’da Soho’nun göbeğindeki Black’s Club’da gerçekleştirdik.
Felsefenin hayretle değil hayal kırıklığıyla başladığını söylüyorsun. Gelgelelim felsefenin dünyasına adım atmak için takip edilen ortak yol Albert Camus, Hermann Hesse, Jean-Paul Sartre ya da Bertrand Russell gibi yazarlardan geçiyor. Bu yazarlar insanda ya gençliğe özgü bir hayret duygusu uyandırıyor ya da hayret verici bir yabancılaşmayı tetikliyor, okur asi ya da yabancı imgesiyle özdeşleşebiliyor, bu imge de özellikle kafası karışık gençlere hitap ediyor.
Evet, bence felsefe hayal kırıklığıyla başlar. Ne var ki gençlik ve hayal kırıklığı bağdaşmayan şeyler değil. Felsefenin aslında bir gençlik deneyimi olduğunu söyleyebiliriz, hem insanın hayatında bir dönem anlamında biyografik olarak hem de yeni bir şeyin keşfindeki coşku anlamında felsefi olarak. Ben bunu gözlerimin açılmasıyla deneyimledim; ahlak, din, siyaset ve ideoloji gibi şeylerin aslında anlatılandan daha farklı olduğunu gördüm. Heyecan uyandıran bir hayal kırıklığı deneyimi. İşte felsefe bu heyecan aslında: Şeylerin ne olduğuna dair bir hayret deneyimi değil, ne olmadıklarının farkına varmaya ilişkin bir heyecan ve coşku. Bu anlamda hayal kırıklığı ve heyecan madalyonun iki yüzü. İnsanın hayal kırıklığına uğraması muazzam heyecan verici, yanılsamaların yıkılması muazzam coşku verici. Aynı zamanda da, sorunda değindiğin gibi, bir başkaldırı deneyimi bu.
Günümüzde siyasi meselelere karşı en yaygın tavrın kabuğuna çekilip pasifleşme olduğunu söylemiştin. Mevcut siyasi durum hakkındaki düşüncelerin ve teşhislerinle başlayalım istersen.
Mevcut durumu en az üç siyasi kategori üzerinden değerlendiriyorum: askeri neoliberalizm, neo-Leninizm ve neo-anarşizm. Batı’nın durumunu bu üçü arasında en iyi nitelendiren askeri neoliberalizm. Askeri neoliberalizmin merkezinde yatan fikir, neoliberal ekonominin belirli bir evrenselleştirilmiş demokrasi ve insan hakları söylemiyle birleştirilmesi – bu söylem de nihayetinde askeri güçle destekleniyor. İçinde bulunduğumuz durum itibariyle diğer rejimler kapitalizmin mantığını, demokrasi ve insan hakları ideolojisini kabul etmek zorunda, kabul etmezlerse bombalanırlar. Askeri neoliberalizmin mantığı budur. Dünya sürekli bir savaş ve kargaşa halinde. Kendini havaya uçurarak paramparça eden bir dünya karşısında, Dostoyevski’nin dediği gibi “kanın şampanya misali şen şakrak döküldüğü” bir yerde kabuğuna çekilmek, kendini soyutlamak, gözlerini kapayıp kötü hiçbir şey yaşanmıyormuş gibi davranmak gayet cazip geliyor insanlara. Bu tavra “pasif nihilizm” diyorum, her ne kadar makul ve tutarlı olsa da bunu reddediyorum.
Fakat bunun tam tersi bir tutumu da –siyasetle aktif olarak ilgilenme, oy verme görevini yerine getirme, görüşlerini kamusal olarak belirtme– bir tür mesafelenme olarak düşünemez miyiz? Žižek On Violence (Şiddet Üzerine) kitabında böyle bir fikir ileri sürüyor gibi: Bazen “hiçbir şey yapmamak, yapabileceğiniz en şiddetli şeydir”.
Žižek’e bu noktada katılmıyorum. Hem gerçek hem de sembolik anlamda sistematik şiddetin belirlediği bir dünyada kişinin bir adım geri atıp düşünmesi ve beklemesi gerektiğini ileri sürüyor. Bana kalırsa bu obsesif nevrotik bir konum. Harper’s Magazine’de eleştirilerine cevap verdiğim yazıda kendisine “Sloven Hamlet” dememin sebebi de bu. Hamlet şiddet dolu bir dünyada yaşıyor: Zamanın eklemleri çıkmış, babası gayrimeşru öldürülmüş, krallık düzeni ve toplumsal hiyerarşi işlemez hale gelmiş. Bunların sonucunda eyleme geçemiyor. İntikam hayalleri kuruyor ama buna cesaret edemiyor, sonunda eli kolu bağlı, hiçbir şey yapamıyor. Žižek’te de doğrudan eyleme duyulan bu türden bir korkuyu görebilirsiniz. “Şapkam var ama içinde tavşan yok” gibi şeyler söylüyor. Koyduğu teşhisi anlayabiliyorum ama bence aşırı pesimist. Beni ilgilendiren, mevcut durumu göz önünde bulunduran ama bununla yetinmeyip yeni ve yaratıcı yollarla mücadeleye devam eden direniş biçimleri. Neo-anarşizm burada devreye giriyor: Yeni koalisyon biçimlerine, yeni eşdeğerlilik bağlarına dair olasılıkların ifadesi olarak. Bu bağlamda Žižek’in aksine, kapitalizm karşıtı direniş hareketlerini ve protestoları önemsiz bulmuyorum.
Bu da bizi Žižek’in çalışmana yönelttiği temel eleştiriye getiriyor: Savunduğun direniş biçimleri, devletle arasına mesafe koyan direniş biçimleri beyhude.
Evet. Žižek bu taleplerin etkisiz olduğunu, yani hiçbir şeyi değiştirmediğini ileri sürüyor. Hem haklı hem de haksız. Bütün direniş biçimleri bir bakıma etkisizdir. Siyasal direniş tarihinin uzun bir başarısızlıklar tarihi olduğunu bile söyleyebiliriz. 1968’te Paris’teki öğrenci direnişi başarısızlıkla sonuçlandı: Eylemler Mayıs’ta başlamıştı ama 23 Haziran 1968’te De Gaulle yeniden başa geçmişti bile. Başarısızlıklar listesi daha da uzar gider. Hatırlamamız gereken, direnişin etkilerinin sıklıkla geriye dönük deneyimlendiğidir. Siyasi direnişi devletin alanında siyasi erk düzeyindeki etkisi üzerinden değerlendirmek, Leninist bir yanılsama. Devlet iktidarı ile hiçbir iktidarın olmamasını karşı karşıya konumlandıran bir argüman bu aslında. Žižek’e göre direniş beyhude, teslim olmakla aynı şey. Devletin alanını ele geçirmemiz gerektiği, Lenin’in de Devlet ve Devrim kitabında ileri sürdüğü bir argüman. Lenin anarşistlere şu eleştiriyi yöneltir: Anarşistler aklı bir karış havada burjuvalardır, acımasız siyasi gerçekliği kabul edecek cesaretten ve katılıktan yoksundurlar. Dolayısıyla Lenin’e göre yapılması gereken, devleti ortadan kaldıracak şekilde ele geçirmek. Tarih perspektifinden buna getirilecek en bariz itiraz, böyle bir şeyin hiçbir zaman gerçekleşmediğidir. Bunun yerine Bolşevik devrimi devletin Sovyetler Birliği adı altında son derece grotesk yükselişine ve insani felaketlere yol açtı. Bu açıdan bakıldığında, Žižek ile benim aramdaki tartışma Lenin ile anarşistler ya da Marx ile Bakunin arasındaki tartışma aslında. 1870’lerde Bakunin, Marx’ı eleştirirken onu kripto-Bismarkçı olarak nitelendirir. Marksistlerin ne pahasına olursa olsun gizliden gizliye devlet erkini ele geçirmeyi arzuladıklarını söyler. Lenin ve Žižek’e karşı çıkarak şöyle bir siyaset anlayışını ileri sürüyorum: Basitçe iktidarın ele geçirilip geçirilmemesi üzerinden değerlendirilemeyecek, devlet erkine karşı katmanlar arası bir mesafenin hegemonik ifadesi olan bir siyaset. Kapitalizmin kalıcı olup olmadığı meselesine dönecek olursak, Žižek’in kapitalizmin kalıcı olmadığını kabul ettiğini düşünüyorum. Biraz daha melankolik bir ruh haliyle de olsa, ben de aynı görüşteyim. Kim bilir, mevcut küresel krizle birlikte belirli bir kapitalizm modelinin sonu geliyor olabilir. Belki de sonun başlangıcını yaşıyoruz.
Klasik siyasi özne erkeksi, aktif, özerk ve egemendir – yapabilen ve eylem kudretine sahip bir özne. Bu öznede her zaman bir mizah eksikliği var. Komik özne güçlü ve erkeksi olduğunu düşünmez. Kendi güçsüzlüğünü şiddet içermeyen savaş edimleriyle icra eder. Klasik siyasi öznelerse eylem kudretine sahiptir, erkeksi, iktidar sahibi ve mizah yoksunudur.
Bu formüle eklenebilecek önemli bir unsur da komedi, daha doğrusu mizahın nasıl yeni direniş alanları yarattığı. Komik siyasi özne mefhumun, klasik siyasi özneden ne anlamda farklı?
Klasik siyasi özne erkeksi, aktif, özerk ve egemendir – yapabilen ve eylem kudretine sahip bir özne. Bence bu öznede her zaman bir mizah eksikliği var, söz konusu ister Bush ister bin Ladin olsun, ikisi de kanlı bir rekabete tutuşmuş erkeksi ve aktif siyasi özneler. Direniş biçimi olarak komedide ilgimi çeken, güçsüzlüğün performansı olması. Komik özne güçlü ve erkeksi olduğunu düşünmez. Kendi güçsüzlüğünü şiddet içermeyen savaş edimleriyle icra eder; güçsüzün gücüdür bu. Klasik siyasi öznelerse eylem kudretine sahiptir, erkeksi, iktidar sahibi ve mizah yoksunudur. Ama en önemlisi eylemlerinde “haklıdırlar”. Kendini haklılaştırılamaz eylemler içinde bulması kaçınılmaz olan bir siyasi özneyi düşünmekle ilgileniyorum ben. Son zamanlarda Benjamin’in şiddet eleştirisi üstüne çalışırken, ileri sürdüğü şu muhteşem fikirle karşılaştım: “Kanun şiddettir, siyaset şiddettir ama şiddet siyasi alanı tüketebilir mi?” Buna cevabı olumsuz. Tevrat’ın “Öldürmeyeceksin” emrinde bir şiddetsizlik izleği buluyor Benjamin. Bu yasaklama şiddet içeren bir durumdan ortaya çıkıyor: Bir başkasını öldüremeyeceğimi biliyorum ama yine de öldürmek zorunda olduğum bir durumdayım. Burada gerçekleştirdiğim şiddet eylemi zorunlu ama haklı değil. Haklılaştırılamaz şiddet zeminine oturtulmuş bir siyaset fikrini düşünmek çok etkileyici. Judith Butler’ın yas tutma konusunda ileri sürdüğü fikre de benziyor. Klasik siyasi özne yas tutmak yerine eylemde bulunmak ister. 11 Eylül olaylarından sonra on bir gün yas tutulmuştu. Sonra yas tutma döneminin sonlandığı ve harekete geçme vaktinin geldiği ilan edildi. Bu noktada Judith Butler oldukça ilginç bulduğum şu soruyu soruyor: Keder ve yas tutma siyaseti –kederin ve yasın güçsüzlüğü etrafında şekillenen bir siyaset– nasıl bir şey olurdu?
Kendileriyle alay etmek ya da başkalarının bunu yapmasına izin vermek siyasetçiler arasında son zamanlarda revaçta bir eğilim. Örneğin Beyaz Saray Muhabirleri Derneği yemeğinde Stephen Colbert’ün Bush’la ilgili hakaret dolu şakalarını düşün. Böyle bir şey Bush yönetimine karşı güçlü bir eleştiri örneği mi, yoksa tam tersine Bush’un kampanyasının kolayca kendi bünyesine kattığı ve lehine kullandığı bir mizah türü mü?
Bence Stephen Colbert’ün Bush’la dalga geçmesi bilindik bir siyasi hiciv örneğiydi. Çok güçlü bir hicivdi, tatlı sert dokundurmalar vardı. Gördüğümde bunun cesurca ve etkili bir hareket olduğunu düşündüm. Ama tabii bu da iç edilebilir. Siyasi liderler mizahı her şekilde kullanabilir. Mizahın tamamen durum ve bağlamla ilgili olduğunu asla unutmamak gerek. Her zaman içi boşaltılmaya müsait.
Mizah ve bunu karşı tarafın kendi lehine kullanabilmesi arasındaki ilişkiye biraz daha değinelim. Şirketlerin dünyasında eğlenmeye, mutlu olmaya ya da hayatın deli dolu tarafını kaçırmamaya dair bir saplantı var gibi. Bunu birçok şirkette görüyoruz ve Google belki de en aşikâr örnek. Görünüşe göre çalışanlar anlamsız aktivitelere ya da şirket neyi mizahi buluyorsa ona katılmak zorunda. Böyle bir durum, mizahı bir direniş biçimi olarak etkili şekilde kullanabilme imkânını daha en baştan boşa çıkarır mı?
Düzenledikleri Authors@Google programı kapsamında Google’da yakın zamanda bir konuşma yaptım. Mizah üzerine bir konuşma yapmamı istediler, ben de gidip konuya dair fikirlerimi sunarak vazifemi yerine getirdim. Tabii bu, karşı tarafın mizahı kendi lehine kullandığı bilindik bir stratejiydi. Ama konuşmamda şirketlerin mizahla nasıl ilişkilendiklerine dair, On Humour (Mizah Üzerine) kitabımda da kullandığım bir örnekten bahsettim: Atlanta’da kaldığım bir otelde sabah kahvaltısı yaparken Amerikan otellerinde rastlayabileceğiniz penceresiz süitlere benzer büyük bir odadaki bir grup çalışan dikkatimi çekti. Tasarlanmış bir eğlence ortamında vakit geçiriyorlardı; çalışanların
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ingredient brings you to a summary page which summarizes the key nutrition facts of the ingredient and displays its health and calorie scores. You can go to a further details screen that shows all the nutrition facts. Recipe mode is almost identical, except the categories are different cuisines, and adding a recipe adds each of its component ingredients. The recommended section is populated with ingredients or recipes that we think will fit well into your lifestyle, given your past carts.
Some examples of awards we might give:
“Balanced on a Budget”: Cheapest cart with a high enough health score (say, above 90).
“Experimental Foodie”: Cart that has the most new, healthy ingredients that you have not bought in the past.
“Health-Nut”: Highest health score.
Once you’ve made a cart, you can share it with friends, view recipes that can be made from the items in that cart (either those you selected, or generated recipes if you shopped in ingredient mode), and of course view your nutrition intake.
By “gamifying” the grocery-shopping process, and incorporating health recommendations, tracking, recipes, and history into The Grocery Game, we hope to make it easy and enjoyable for college students to choose nutritious diets. By integrating with Peapod, we bridge the gap between what you plan and record, and what you actually do. By adding achievements and social circles, we hope to make grocery shopping fun, and to have friends help each other stay nutritious.
The Grocery Game was our second big idea. The first idea that we pursued was an outdoor activity game that fostered nutrition. However, we found it difficult to incorporate nutrition facts into gameplay, and thus came up with The Grocery Game. This idea was also inspired by first-hand experience in a cook-for-yourself dorm, where students have expressed sentiments like “I love cooking, but hate grocery shopping and planning” , and “taking care of food is really hard”.او افزود: در مدت یادشده، ۴۲ بیمار با علائم کووید ۱۹ در مراکز درمانی استان بستری شده اند.
رئیس دانشگاه علوم پزشکی البرز گفت: مجموع کل موارد بستری شامل قطعی، محتمل و مشکوک از ابتدای شیوع کرونا تا به امروز در استان البرز به ۲۸ هزار و ۹۷۵ نفر رسیده است.
او با بیان این که در حال حاضر تعداد ۳۵۴ نفر شامل مواردقطعی، محتمل و مشکوک در مراکز درمانی البرز بستری هستند، افزود: از این تعداد، ابتلای ۱۰۶ نفر به بیماری کووید ۱۹، تا این تاریخ قطعی شده است.当地时间星期四，美联储公布的美国经济状况调查报告显示，美国经济活动温和扩张，但许多地区的增长继续受到供应链中断和劳动力短缺的限制。
这份报告，也被称为褐皮书，是基于对12家地区储备银行的最新调查，美联储一年要发布8次“褐皮书”。
根据褐皮书显示的内容，随着企业对材料、生产投入和劳动力的需求持续上升，以及消费者支出稳步增长，2021年最后几周，各辖区的经济活动出现适度扩张。
从行业来看，由于奥密克戎毒株的迅速传播，大多数司法管辖区的休闲旅游、酒店住宿和餐厅餐饮活动都有所下降。制造业全面扩张，但不同地区的增长率存在差异。一些地区的企业对短期增长的预期较以往有所降低。
同期，各司法辖区的就业市场小幅增长，对工党的需求保持强劲，多数司法辖区的职位空缺也在增加。劳动力短缺导致全国工资上涨，低技能工人的工资涨幅尤其大。
在价格方面，由于批发和原材料价格上涨迫使许多行业提价，全国各地的消费者价格均强劲上涨。许多公司将高成本归咎于供应链的持续中断。在一些司法管辖区，运输瓶颈有所缓解，但采购成本仍在上升。与此同时，劳动力持续短缺，工资上涨，也给企业带来了成本压力。
据悉，美联储下一次定期货币政策会议将于1月25日至26日举行。
温馨提示：财经最新动态随时看，请关注睿景网。DLL hatası Windows da olur, mcr.dll ile ilgili hatalar birkaç farklı sebepten kaynaklanabilir. Örneğin arızalı bir uygulama, mcr.dll'in silinmesi, yanlış konumlandırılması veya bilgisayarında bulunan zararlı bir kötü yazılım ya da zarar görmüş Windows kayıt defteri ile bozulması.
En sık karşılaşılan DLL hata mesajları şunlardır:
- Program mcr.dll bilgisayarınızda eksik olduğundan başlayamıyor. Bu sorunu çözmek için programı yeniden yüklemeyi deneyin.
- mcr.dll başlatmada sorun Belirtilen modül bulunamadı.
- mcr.dll yüklemede hata Belirtilen modül bulunamadı. Veya, Bu uygulama mcr.dll bulunamadığı için başlatılamadı . Yeniden yüklemek bu sorunu giderebilir.
- mcr.dll uygulaması Windows üzerinde çalışmak üzere tasarlanmamış veya hata içeriyor. Programı özgün yükleme medyasını kullanarak yüklemeyi deneyin veya destek için sistem yöneticinize veya yazılım satıcısına başvurun. Veya, mcr.dll programı Windows üzerinde çalışmak üzere tasarlanmadı veya hata içeriyor. Programı özgün yükleme medyasını kullanarak yüklemeyi deneyin veya destek için sistem yöneticinize veya yazılım satıcısına başvurun.
Hataların birçoğu için çözüm, mcr.dll dosyasını bilgisayarınızda Windows sistem dosyasına doğru şekilde yeniden yüklemektir. Alternatif olarak bazı programlar, özellikle bilgisayar oyunları, DLL dosyasının oyun/uygulama kurulum dosyasında olmasını gerektirmektedir.
Detaylı kurulum talimatları için, SSS bölümümüze bakın.- 1 What determines when Easter is each year?
- 2 Why does the date of Easter change every year?
- 3 Why is Easter always on a Sunday?
- 4 How is the date of Orthodox Easter determined?
- 5 What is the rarest date for Easter?
- 6 What is the earliest Easter can be?
- 7 What does Easter mean in 2021?
- 8 What does the Easter Bunny have to do with Jesus?
- 9 Is Easter early this year 2021?
- 10 Who decided when Easter is?
- 11 What is a paschal moon?
- 12 Why is Easter a moveable feast?
- 13 Why is Orthodox Easter different than Catholic?
- 14 Why is it called Easter Monday?
- 15 Do people in Ukraine celebrate Easter?
What determines when Easter is each year?
As a moveable feast, the date of Easter is determined in each year through a calculation known as computus (Latin for ‘computation’). Easter is celebrated on the first Sunday after the Paschal full moon, which is the first full moon on or after 21 March (a fixed approximation of the March equinox).
Why does the date of Easter change every year?
The date of Easter Sunday depends on the spring equinox For people who are not Christian, it is also a time to come together as a family. Unlike Christmas, the date of Easter is subject to change, as its date is determined by a lunisolar calendar.
Why is Easter always on a Sunday?
Easter always occurs on the first Sunday after the Paschal Full Moon (the first full moon that occurs after the vernal equinox, which signifies the beginning of spring in the northern hemisphere), according to The Old Farmer’s Almanac.
How is the date of Orthodox Easter determined?
In most years, Orthodox Easter follows Western Easter by one or more weeks. To determine the Orthodox Easter Sunday date, it is first necessary to find the Julian Easter Sunday date, then to add the number of days which have been “skipped” in the Gregorian calendar.
What is the rarest date for Easter?
The least common dates for Easter Sunday in this period are 22 and 24 March. Reckoned over a complete Gregorian Easter Cycle the least common dates for Easter Sunday are 22 March and 25 April.
What is the earliest Easter can be?
The earliest possible date for Easter is March 22 and the latest possible date is April 25. Easter can never come as early as March 21, however. That’s because, by ecclesiastical rules, the vernal equinox is fixed on March 21.
What does Easter mean in 2021?
Easter 2021 occurs on Sunday, April 4. Easter Sunday and related celebrations, such as Ash Wednesday and Palm Sunday, are considered “moveable feasts,” although, in western Christianity, which follows the Gregorian calendar, Easter always falls on a Sunday between March 22 and April 25.
What does the Easter Bunny have to do with Jesus?
In fact, the rabbit was the symbol of Eostra—the pagan Germanic goddess of spring and fertility. In other words, the Christian holiday of Easter, which celebrated the resurrection of Jesus, became superimposed on pagan traditions that celebrated rebirth and fertility.
Is Easter early this year 2021?
When is Easter in 2021? As we all know, Easter’s date can fluctuate pretty widely each year. While the holiday fell in the middle of the month last year, this year, it’ll be slightly early. Easter Sunday is on April 4 in 2021 —hopefully enough time that the weather will have started warming up!
Who decided when Easter is?
In 325 CE, the Council of Nicaea established that Easter would be held on the first Sunday after the first Full Moon occurring on or after the vernal equinox. (*) From that point forward, the Easter date depended on the ecclesiastical approximation of March 21 for the vernal equinox.
What is a paschal moon?
The Paschal full moon is the first full moon of spring. The first full moon of spring is also designated as the Paschal Full Moon or the Paschal Term — 14 or 15 Nisan on the Jewish Calendar, which is also marks Pesach, or Passover. Easter is observed on the Sunday after the Paschal Full Moon.
Why is Easter a moveable feast?
Easter is a moveable feast celebrated on the first Sunday after the vernal equinox full moon (i.e. on Sunday after the full moon of March). These dates are calculated with the old Gregorian calendar, because it specifies the vernal equinox.
Why is Orthodox Easter different than Catholic?
Why Is The Orthodox Easter Date Different? The Orthodox Easter always falls later than the Catholic one as it is calculated using the same formula, but using the Julian Calendar (as we said above, this is currently 13 days behind the commonly used Gregorian).
Why is it called Easter Monday?
Easter Monday holds religious significance for Christians, as it follows Easter Sunday, the day Jesus Christ was resurrected following his crucifixion on Good Friday. After the 40 days ended, Christians believe that he ascended into heaven.
Do people in Ukraine celebrate Easter?
Easter Day is a public holiday across Ukraine and celebrates Jesus’ resurrection from death, as told in the Christian bible. Ukraine’s Easter holiday follows the Orthodox Easter date, which is often different from the Easter date determined by other Christian churches.African American Applications
Among the Mississippi Choctaws
Week of December 13, 2009
Genealogy Feature of the Week
Native American Genealogy
For many years I have been speaking nationally and hosting a forum devoted to methods of researching ancestors who were rooted in some of the American Indian tribes in the country.
A good amount of my experience originated in the research of my own family from Oklahoma, with its
ties to the Choctaw Nation, in Indian Territory. In 1993, by book on researching African American
ancestors from the Five Civilized Tribes was published. Since that time, I have moderated the African-NativeAmerican Genealogy Forum since 1999, which is the longest continually running forum devoted to
this history. Many times over the years I have received inquiries pertaining to families from states beyond Oklahoma. I have also devoted myself to exploring the records and documents of other groups of people
east of the Mississippi, and have decided to present an arena where research methods for families outside
of Indian Territory can be discussed.
The genealogical methods will not differ in a dramatic way from researching families from other ethnic
groups, but there will be challenges. There are limitations and there can be pitfalls, many of which will be discussed in articles and videos.
Prior to the 20th century, there were differences in the ways that Native Americans were treated in the
census records and there are challenges. Some communities kept official “rolls” now in the public domain and many did not. Other groups may have records, but they are not available for public inspection. The most important rule to follow is that one must maintain the integrity of your research. Utilize sound genealogical methods, follow the
documents, and avoid invention in the analysis of the records. Learn more about THE RECORDS.
Watch the videos that will be forthcoming and let me hear from you!Dark Matter- Researchers have found electrical charge in it
Dark matter comprises a part of universe, and it does not have interaction with light. This truth is already known to us. However, recently, a new research work has revealed that this stuff can contain small electric charge.
New findings of the researchers on Dark Matter–
Till now, we realize the presence of dark matter with gravity. However, Abraham and Julian, the astrophysicists in Harvard University have found that few particles of dark matter comprise a very small amount of electric charge. Thus, this matter may have an interaction with the normal stuffs by applying electromagnetic force. The new idea will be able helpful to make out lots of things on this stuff.
Cooling process and the reasons behind Dark Matter-
Some months ago, the astrophysicists have first traced out the sign, coming out of hydrogen gas.
Several years ago, cold hydrogen gas was moving between various stars. As this gas was very cold, it has the capacity of absorbing radiation, caused due to Big Bang. However, the wavelength of this radiation must be within 21 cm. With the measurement of radiation absorption by the hydrogen gas, the researchers are able to comprehend cosmic origin. By employing the radio antenna (EDGES), the astronomers were capable of detecting the absorption.
Julian thinks it to be the amazing Dark Matter discovery. The most important fact is that hydrogen has absorbed lots of photons. To make the gas much radiation, it has to be cooler. Abraham and Julian believed that the dark matter could be the major factor behind the cooling process. In one of the journals, they have found out the fact that while 1% of this stuff had a little amount of electric charge, it could be elusive. It is also capable of pulling heat from the gas.
We have found several concepts, related to dark matter, and these are intended for clarifying the difference. To make everything clear, we can say that in place of the cooler gas, the radiation could be little hotter, or we might find flaws in measurement or analysis.
EDGES and its findings–
The observation of EDGES is really amazing. Although its researchers have spent 2 years to test out their analysis, they are still looking for better data for confirming the result. While their tests are right, we may not need more detailed clarification. However, Julian has partially elucidated dark-matter.
The scientists are trying to engage lots of tools all over the world to make their observations much detailed. Different types of experiments, including Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array, are intended for assessing the way in which there is a variation in the absorption process throughout the sky. While a little amount of dark matter has electrical charge, it can develop a different mode to the variation.
Although Abraham and Julian have not proved the theory directly through observations, the presence of dark matter with electric charge is helpful to elucidate the data of EDGES. It will also support other research findings.The products of wastewater treatment have been found to contain trace amounts of antibiotic resistant DNA. These products are often reintroduced to the environment and water supply, potentially resulting in the spread of antibiotic resistance. As such, researchers at the University of Southern California Viterbi School of Engineering have been studying the development of these potentially harmful and dangerous genes in wastewater treatment processes. Their findings, published in Environmental Science &Technology, indicate that even low concentrations of just a single type of antibiotic leads to resistance to multiple classes of antibiotics.
“We’re quickly getting to a scary place that’s called a “post-antibiotic world,” where we can no longer fight infections with antibiotics anymore because microbes have adapted to be resilient against those antibiotics,” said Adam Smith, assistant professor of civil and environmental engineering at USC and lead investigator of the study. “Unfortunately, engineered water treatment systems end up being sort of a hot-bed for antibiotic resistance.”
USC says that the majority of the antibiotics we consume are metabolized in our bodies. However, small amounts pass through us in our waste, which are then carried to wastewater treatment plants. At these plants, one of the common ways in which the wastewater is treated is with a membrane bioreactor, which uses both a filtration system and a biological process where microscopic bacteria consume waste products.
While consuming the organic waste, the bacteria encounters the antibiotics and expresses resistance genes that reduce effectiveness of these medicines. These resistance genes can then be passed on from parent to daughter cell and between neighbors through a process known as horizontal gene transfer.
As the bacteria eats, reproduces and grows, an excess is accumulated called biomass. A typical wastewater treatment plant produces tons of biomass every day. Once treated, it is disposed of in landfills or used as a fertilizer for agriculture and livestock feed crops.
In an even more dire scenario, small amounts of antibiotic resistant bacteria and free-floating DNA make it through the filtration membrane and come out the other side of the treatment plant in what is called the effluent, or the water stream that leaves the facility. In Los Angeles, some of this will be dumped into the L.A.River and Pacific Ocean, while the rest is recycled for irrigation, car washes, firefighting, or to replenish groundwater supplied, a common source of drinking water.
The team, also including Ali Zarei-Baygi, the study’s first-author and Ph.D. student at USC, Moustapha Harb, postdoctoral scholar at USC, Philip Wang, PhD student at USC, and Lauren Stadler, assistant professor at Rice University, believe that the amount of antibiotic resistant organisms formed in treatment plants could be reduced through alterations in the treatment processes. For example, by employing oxygen free, or anaerobic, processes rather than aerobic processes, and by using membrane filtration.
Accordingly, for their study, they used a small-scale anaerobic membrane bioreactor and compared the resulting antibiotic resistance profiles in the biomass and effluent to each other and to the varying concentrations and types of antibiotics they introduced into the system.
Drug-resistant bacteria—germs that have adapted immunities to antibiotic treatments—have found their way to the International Space Station, according to a new study.
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his patients overcome life problems). Some psychiatrists and psychoanalysts argue that without establishing a proper rapport the sessions don't have the same beneficial effects on the patients, as they won't be as open and communicative.
Building rapport is one of the most fundamental sales techniques. In sales, rapport is used to build relationships with others quickly and to gain their trust and confidence. It is a very powerful tool that veteran salespeople naturally employ, which allows them to close more deals with less effort.
Mirroring means getting into rhythm with the person on as many levels as possible.
- Emotional mirroring – Empathizing with someone's emotional state by being on 'their side'. You must apply the skill of being a good listener in this situation so as you can listen for key words and problems that arise when speaking with the person. This is so you can talk about these issues and question them to better your understanding of what they are saying and show your empathy towards them (Arnold, E and Boggs, josh. 2007).
- Posture mirroring – Matching the tone of a person's body language not through direct imitation, as this can appear as mockery, but through mirroring the general message of their posture and energy.
- Tone and tempo mirroring – Matching the tone, tempo, inflection, and volume of a person's voice.
Giving gifts or doing favors without directly asking for something in return can trigger feelings of obligation, but can be good when developing clients.
Commonality is the technique of deliberately finding something in common with a person or a customer in order to build a sense of camaraderie and trust. This is done through shared interests, dislikes, and situations.
- Manser, Martin; Turton, Nigel (1998). Advanced Learners Dictionary. Wordsworth Editions. p. 574. ISBN 1-85326-763-5.
- "Rapport – Definition". Merriam Webster. Retrieved 22 Mar 2011.
- Graham, Colly. "Building Rapport". Retrieved 2010-09-22.
- "The Law of Reciprocity".
- DeGroot, Bob. "Establish trust and rapport". Retrieved 2010-09-22.In today’s world, people are more aware than ever before. This includes knowing about health issues and remedies. However, the flow of details also means that a lot of myths and false information form. Perhaps one of the biggest examples of this is the effects of vaccination.
Looking at the health advancements from the beginning, one will notice that vaccines were not as popular. As time went by, the effects of vaccination and their importance became common knowledge. Health professionals started citing them mandatory for many reasons.
For instance, for avoiding diseases like polio, vaccines were always recommended. Gradually, the practice of vaccinations upon birth was fundamental in every healthcare facility.
However, now people have brought up other concerns. According to some sources, the effects of vaccination are not always positive. In addition, some people claim that they may actually increase the risk of other many health conditions.
For example, a number of people have started the anti-vaccination movement. In this movement, people no longer vaccinate their children. However, there is no research that comes from a reliable source on this matter.
On the other hand, there are many studies that show that the effects of vaccinations are always positive. A new study further explores the issues and answers an important question. There was a claim that vaccines increase the risk of multiple sclerosis.
The new research proves otherwise. The findings of the study by researchers at the Technical University of Munich appear in the journal Neurology.
What Was the Research Method?
The disease of multiple sclerosis is a long-term condition that affects the nerves. It severely impacts the central nervous system by damaging the nerve fibers. So far, it is said that multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune condition.
A person’s immunity may start the destruction of the nervous system in a similar way it safeguards the system from it. Statistically, the condition affects around two million people around the globe. In the United States alone there are approximately one million people living with the issue.
Previous research on the issue shows that a person may develop the issue at any time in life. In the majority of the cases, people between the ages of 20-45 have more chances of having multiple sclerosis. Women have three times higher risk of the problem.
There are a number of risk factors that may increase the chances of MS. Vaccines leading to multiple sclerosis is a belief that is becoming common. To test this, the researchers in the new study did a comparison of people with condition with those who do no have it.
RELATED: What Are Vaccines?
They also did a comparison of people living with multiple sclerosis with people with other autoimmune conditions. For example, patients of Crohn’s disease. One of the main sources of data came from the Bavarian Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians records.
What Was the Result?
After analyzing data, the researchers found that people with MS did not have as many vaccines as other people. On the contrast, people who had more vaccines at the right time actually had fewer chances.
In addition, the findings did not only imply to MS but all other autoimmune conditions as well. All in all, the research is yet another addition in the medical literature supporting the use of vaccines.The Visibility Issue
Surface visibility is one of the main methodological challenges in this region. This is due to the mountainous character of the Cide and Şenpazar landscapes, dense vegetation cover, and relative scarcity of cultivated fields. In many parts of our survey region, from forests to grasslands, surface visibility is almost nil.
Initially we had envisaged an intensive field walking strategy modelled on successful Mediterranean surveys such as the Boeotia Survey Project, the Kythera Island Project and Antikythera Survey Project. The main methodology of these projects is intensive tract walking, followed by even more intensive collection of materials at potential sites.
We tested the first stage of this approach – 5 walkers spaced 20 metres apart, walking 100-metre tracts – in selected, mostly low gradient, areas in the first days of the 2009 season. The first difficulty we encountered was the identification of suitable tract walking areas, due to the scarcity of large field systems. More importantly, visibility in those areas that we were able to cover was very poor due to vegetation cover (lush green grass), and overall recorded sherd densities were extremely low, ie. the sherd count was zero in eight out of ten tracts.
That these low pottery counts were related to visibility rather than the absence of archaeological remains became clear when we focused on areas with high ground visibility, such as small ploughed fields and eroded patches. We therefore concluded that standard tract-walking was a methodology not suited for most landscapes within our survey area.
- In 2009 we began to develop an intensive methodology better suited to local topographic conditions and ground visibility, which we call unit-walking. We are still in the process of experimenting with aspects of this method such as the ideal number of walkers in each unit and its suitability for different types of terrain. The amount of ground covered and the range and density of sites discovered using this method, however, provide a good indication of its effectiveness (see Results).
The first step in this methodology is the selection of a suitably large area with higher than average ground visibility – usually an area affected by erosion. Onto this area a grid of 50 x 50m squares, or ‘field units’ is superimposed on our GIS map. The corner points of units are fed into GPS receivers and located and marked in the field, as the team is walking. Alternatively, in some cases, existing field boundaries are used for defining units, especially where field are separated by substantial fences or brushes or where landuse varies considerably for adjacent fields.
Information recorded for each unit includes data on general topography, slope, vegetation, and type and degree of erosion. Ground visibility is recorded for each walker individually. Units are investigated ideally by five walkers, who are free to roam within parallel bands, inspecting the entire strip but focusing on areas with good visibility. Walker numbers for each unit, however may differ depending on factors such as accessibility of fields and gardens. Walkers use counters to record sherd densities and collect diagnostic or unusual ceramics, lithics and small finds. While allowing greater flexibility for dealing with low visibility environments, this methodology retains the possibility of analysing walker-specific data.
During the 2010 season we used gridding as a follow-up methodology in order to investigate areas of special interest such as the fields below Okçular Kale more intensively. We adapted this method from the Antikythera Survey Project. Choosing a base point, which is recorded using a GPS receiver, a grid consisting of 5 x 5m or 10 x 10m squares is flagged out with tape measures. In each standard grid, one walker spends a fixed period of time (eg. 5 minutes) counting all pottery and collecting diagnostic ceramics, lithics and any other finds. This is followed by an additional fixed time ‘vacuum’: in a 1m radius all sherds and other finds are collected as a representative sample of each grid-square.
Tapping into Local Knowledge (extensive survey)
A complementary method for improving our understanding of Cide’s archaeological record is tapping into local knowledge. Certain local residents have a wealth of knowledge about their environment and have taken us on extended hikes into the mountains, guiding us to hidden and difficult to access caves. Other sites, although close to villages or roads, are hidden by shrub and forests, and we would not have been able to locate them without their help.
Generally, we are usually shown two types of sites by local residents: caves and castles. Many of these have proven to be of archaeological importance and had not been recorded previously by archaeologists. However, it is also clear that this methodology is biased towards ‘spectacular’ and special purpose sites. Artefact scatters are less likely to be found in this way.
As might be expected, our best results come from areas in which we are able to place the caves and castles shown to us by local residents into a wider context of observed patterns of landscape use and artefact scatters recorded by intensive survey.
Read the current project Results.واکنش برانکو پس از حذف کرواسی از یورو؛ حالا فقط حسرت می خورم
در تمام دقایق بازی این کرواسی بود که از حریفش در وضعیت بهتری قرار داشت اما فوتبال غیرقابل پیش بینی است.
به گزارش خبرآنلاین، برانکو ایوانکوویچ سرمربی کروات تیم فوتبال پرسپولیس که قبل از بازی شب گذشته تیم ملی کشورش مقابل پرتغال از پیروزی این تیم مطمئن بود نسبت به حذف کرواسی از یورو ۲۰۱۶ واکنش نشان داد.
او در این باره گفت: برای تیم ملی کشورم افسوس می خورم. فعلا فقط همین را می توانم بگویم. بازی جذاب و زیبایی از سوی دو تیم شاهد بودیم اما همه دیدند که کرواسی به ویژه در وقت های اضافه بازی برتری را از خود نشان داد اما بدشانسی باعث شد که بازیکنان کرواسی نتوانند دروازه حریف را باز کنند.
سرمربی کروات پرسپولیس درباره اینکه اعلام کرده بود از پیروزی تیم ملی کشورش در این بازی مطمئن است عنوان کرد: من فکر میکنم کرواسی در این بازی هم مثل سه مسابقه قبلی در دور گروهی باز هم توانست کیفیت خودش را در زمین به حریف دیکته کند. در تمام دقایق بازی این کرواسی بود که از حریفش در وضعیت بهتری قرار داشت و می توانست با توجه به در اختیارداشتن مالکیت توپ به گل برسد اما این فوتبال است و گاهی اوقات اتفاقاتی رخ می دهد که نمی توان آن را پیش بینی کرد. برای کرواسی هم چنین اتفاقی رخ داد و متاسفانه از این جام حذف شد.
برانکو همچنین گفت: از نظر من کرواسی اگر می خواست برنده این بازی باشد باید در ۹۰ دقیقه تکلیف بازی را مشخص می کرد. همین که کار به وقت های اضافه کشیده شد فشار بیشت�%BSeminari e Workshop Dott. Daniele Di Lernia “Il concetto di interocezione e le implicazioni nella pratica osteopatica”Alberto Gallace - Alessandro Aquino “La neuromatrice e il concetto di misurazione del dolore”Didier Lehougre "Abilità palpatoria applicata alla percezione nel sistema viscerale"Andrea Ghedina "Il trattamento manuale osteopatico attraverso il sistema vascolare ramificato"Didier Lehougre "Abilità palpatoria osteopatica applicata all'ambito cranico"Prof. Joseph Orgerie "Osteopatia Biodinamica Corso 2: La linea mediana"در آخرین روز هفته بازار با توجه به قرار داشتن شاخص کل در سطوح مهم مقاومتی روانی، اکثرا متعادل و منفی در همه صنایع دنبال شد و خریداران با چاشنی احتیاط و وسواس قیمت و تمرکز بر خرید در قیمت های پایین رفتار کردند و به جز صنعت خودرویی که به دلیل انتشار رسمی خبر عرضه بلوکی، گروه شوینده به دلیل افزایش مجدد نرخ محصولات، گروه معدنی به دلیل داشتن سهامداران عمده قوی و عرضه های اولیه که ورود نقدینگی داشتند، سایر گروه ها با برتری فروشندگان و نوسانات منفی به کار خود پایان دادند که در این بین معاملات منفی گروه پالایشگاهی، نمایان تر از سایر گروه ها بود تا در انتهای دادوستدهای امروز، شاخص کل با افت حدود ۱۱ هزار واحدی مواجه و به ارتفاع ۱.۵۴۵ میلیون واحدی برسد، در این بین نمادهای شپنا و شبندر بیشترین تاثیر منفی و نمادهای کچاد و کگل بیشترین تاثیر مثبت را بر شاخص کل ایجاد کردند تا از افت بیشتر آن جلوگیری نمایند.
در نگاهی مختصر به رخدادهای بازار امروز، به بیشترین ورود پول به صنایع سرمایه گذاری، صندوق های ETF و محصولات شیمیایی و خودرویی و در مقابل صنایع فلزی، پالایشگاهی، بیمه ای و بانکی ها با خروج بیشترین نقدینگی مواجه بودند همچنین بیشترین سرانه و قدرت خرید و ورود پول به نمادهای وآفر، مدیریت، حگهر، ثعتما، ولملت، فلات، امین، کصدف، آسیاتک، ورنا، خگستر، قرن، وسنا، فمراد، رافزا، ولتجار، کچاد، پاکشو، کگهر، کقزوی، کگیش، واتوس و لطیف، مجموع صفوف خرید ۳۵۳ میلیارد تومانی و مجموع صفوف فروش ۱۴۸ میلیارد تومانی و در نهایت ارزش معاملات خرد حدود ۶ همتی می توان اشاره کرد.Il volume racchiude gli Atti del Convegno internazionale svoltosi a Firenze tra il 16 e il 18 dicembre 2004. È il terzo di quelli affidati dal Comitato Nazionale delle Celebrazioni del VI centenario della nascita di Leon Battista Alberti al Centro di Studi sul Classicismo. All’interno della ricerca programmata (sulla problematica filologica dei testi, sull’interpretazione delle opere attraverso la dinamica intertestuale, sull’inquadramento dell’umanista nella cultura del suo tempo) copre l’ultimo settore, quello relativo al rapporto/dialogo dell’Alberti con gli autori contemporanei. [Testo dell’editore]
2 v. (915 p.).Created by Andrea Leyden over 4 years ago
Indigenous Australian (Aboriginal) CultureAustralian Aboriginal culture varies throughout the continent and people from different regions have different Ancestral Beings, different tools, weapons, basketry and different art styles. Since the arrival of Macassan (Indonesian) on northern Australian shores after 1700 AD, and later European colonisation in 1788, Aboriginal culture has evolved and changed further.
Aboriginal Religion Aboriginal religion, like many other religions, is characterised by having a god or gods who created people and the surrounding environment during a particular creation period at the beginning of time. Aboriginal people are very religious and spiritual, but rather than praying to a single god they cannot see, each group generally believes in a number of different deities, whose image is often depicted in some tangible, recognisable form. This form may be that of a particular landscape feature, an image in a rock art shelter, or in a plant or animal form.
Aboriginal DefinitionsThe Mind Map above gives an quick overview of the main characteristics of Aboriginal Cuture. The Flashcard deck below will help you understand the cultural differences more in-depth with some key definitions.
Aboriginal Culture QuizOnce you have studied the core characteristics of thee Aboriginal or Indigenous Australians, test your knowledge with the quiz below to see if you really understand the cultural nuances and differences. Click the correct answer then "Next" to begin:Utente 391XXX
Iscritto dal 2015
Salve. Il risultato della mammografia è stato positivo. Il senologo mi ha detto che sono dovute ad un invecchiamento dei tessuti...ha richiesto,comunque, una nuova mammografia tra sei mesi per confronto. Questo mi preoccupa, significa che potrebbero modificarsi? Potrebbero essere dovute anche all'assunzione di latte essendo calcificazioni?بهمن خاوری؛ عامل ربودن رومینا اشرفی دستگیر شد
بهمن خاوری؛ عامل ربودن رومینا اشرفی با حکم مرجع قضائی دستگیر شد.
به گزارش خبرنگار قضائی خبرگزاری تسنیم، بهمن خاوری عامل ربودن رومینا اشرفی که خود را خواستگار او معرفی کرده بود، ساعاتی پیش بهاتهام آدمربایی و برخی شواهد که حاکی از نقش داشتن در عصبانیت پدر رومینا اشرفی است، بازداشت و تحویل مقام قضائی شد.
پیش از این برخی ادعاها بهنقل از بستگان رومینا حاکی از این بود که بهمن، پس از اینکه رومینا را به خانه خواهر خود برده بدون حضور پدر رومینا او را به عقد خود درآورد، تصاویری از خودش و رومینا در فضای مجازی منتشر کرد و پیامهایی به پدر رومینا فرستاد و به او گفت که "رومینا حالا همسر من است."، همین موضوع هم باعث عصبانیت شدید پدر رومینا شد که به قتل منجر شد.
انتهای پیام/+今年一月份的某天，德国一家汽车配件制造厂内的一名员工，在午餐时间转向坐在他身边的同事，要求对方帮他加点盐。科学家们对发生的情况进行了研究，并得出结论称，就在那一刻，带有新冠病毒的盐雾传给了这名员工。
经过深入的调查，这起事件的真相得以还原，成为抗击新冠病毒的“全球战争”中取得的罕见的成功分析案例。
这两名员工正是新冠病毒（Covid-19）在亚洲以外的地区，发生人传人情况的第一条病毒传染链。
这两名员工在位于德国巴伐利亚州的一家汽车零部件制造公司工作，在该公司内工作的一名中国妇女感染了新冠病毒并将病毒带至公司总部，从而感染了其他的同事，其中一名正是在公司食堂吃午餐时受到的
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ous PGE2 is also effective in eliciting the BAT thermogenic component of the febrile response (Ootsuka et al., 2008).
Although we have only a rudimentary understanding of the microcircuitry of the POA thermoregulatory network, we have proposed (Nakamura et al., 2004a, 2005) a model, incorporated in Figure 1, for the essential POA mechanisms through which application of PGE2 into the POA elicits the BAT thermogenic component of the febrile response. As described above for cold-defense responses, under normal conditions, EP3 receptor-expressing POA neurons, potentially including the population of warm-sensitive POA neurons that controls BAT thermogenesis, maintain a tonic GABAergic inhibition of sympathoexcitatory, BAT thermogenesis-promoting neurons in the DMH, and potentially in the rRPa. During infection, PGE2, produced locally and/or systemically, binds to these EP3 receptors, reducing the activity of BAT-controlling, warm-sensitive neurons in POA, which, in turn, leads to disinhibition of BAT thermogenesis-promoting neurons in DMH/DA and subsequently in rRPa, to drive BAT sympathetic outflow and BAT heat production contributing to an elevated core body temperature. Although the resulting increase in the local temperature of the POA would normally elicit more rapidly rising prepotentials in POA warm-sensitive neurons to inhibit BAT activation, this is offset by the membrane hyperpolarization elicited by EP3 receptor occupancy, thereby allowing a sustained activation of BAT thermogenesis and a maintained fever.
Several experimental findings are consistent with such a model. Binding of PGE2 to EP3 receptors can inhibit neuronal activity by coupling to inhibitory GTP-binding proteins (Narumiya et al., 1999) and the tonic activity of most warm-sensitive neurons in the POA is inhibited by the E-series of PGs (Schoener and Wang, 1976; Ranels and Griffin, 2003). A population of EP3 receptor-expressing POA neurons multisynaptically innervates BAT (Yoshida et al., 2003) and a subpopulation of EP3 receptor-expressing neurons in the POA projects directly to the DMH (Nakamura et al., 2002, 2005). Interestingly, this subpopulation is separate from the subpopulation of EP3 receptor-expressing POA neurons projecting to the rRPa, although a population of POA neurons that do not express EP3 receptors does send bifurcating axonal projections to both DMH and the rRPa (Nakamura et al., 2009). The majority of EP3 receptor-expressing POA neurons are GABAergic (Nakamura et al., 2002), as are warm-sensitive neurons in POA (Lundius et al., 2010). Antagonizing GABAA receptors in the DMH evokes a fever-like stimulation of BAT thermogenesis (Morrison, 1999; Morrison et al., 1999; Zaretskaia et al., 2002; Cao et al., 2004) that is also reversed by blockade of glutamate receptors in the rRPa (Cao and Morrison, 2006). Inhibition of POA neurons with a muscimol nanoinjection elicits hyperthermic, cardiovascular, and neuroendocrine responses similar to those evoked by a PGE2 nanoinjection into the same site (Zaretsky et al., 2006). In addition, ICV PGE2 application reduces cAMP level in the POA and ICV administration of an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase, a degradation enzyme for cAMP, blunts fever evoked by intra-POA PGE2 application (Steiner et al., 2002). A marked increase in core temperature and a tachycardia can be elicited by injection of PGE2 into the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVH) or into the pontine parabrachial nucleus (PBN; Skibicka et al., 2011), although whether neurons in these two sites play a role in fever generation remains to be determined. In this regard, the demonstration that elimination of EP3-R selectively in the POA is sufficient to prevent LPS fever (Lazarus et al., 2007) indicates that EP3-R in PVH or in PBN is not sufficient to support a febrile response or possibly that PGE2 is not increased in these regions during a febrile stimulus such as LPS.
Orexin in rRPa Increases BAT Thermogenesis
Orexins (hypocretins; de Lecea et al., 1998; Sakurai et al., 1998) are synthesized exclusively in widely projecting (Peyron et al., 1998) neurons in the perifornical area of the lateral hypothalamus (PeF-LH). Orexin neurons influence a variety of functions, including the regulation of food intake (Sakurai et al., 1998). ICV administration of orexin also increases activity and body temperature (Monda et al., 2001). Loss of orexin neurons leads to the disordered sleep patterns of narcolepsy, which is often accompanied by defective energy and metabolic homeostasis, including a high risk for obesity (Kok et al., 2003; Hara et al., 2005) and the potential for altered thermoregulation (Plazzi et al., 2011). Interestingly, systemic orexin, perhaps secreted from the placenta, is required for BAT differentiation and its absence during early development leads to obesity arising from inadequate BAT energy expenditure (Sellayah et al., 2011).
A role for orexin neurons in the PeF-LH in the regulation of BAT thermogenesis has recently been described (Tupone et al., 2011). An anatomical substrate for the influence of orexinergic neurons on BAT thermogenesis is provided by the demonstration that the PeF-LH contains orexinergic neurons that are synaptically coupled to BAT, as shown with viral, trans-synaptic retrograde tracing (Oldfield et al., 2002; Berthoud et al., 2005; Tupone et al., 2011), and that project to the rRPa, as shown with retrograde transport of CTb following injections into the rRPa region containing BAT sympathetic premotor neurons (Tupone et al., 2011). In anesthetized rats, both injections of orexin into rRPa (Figure 5C) and glutamatergic activation of orexinergic neurons by nanoinjections of NMDA into the PeF-LH (Figure 5C) produced long lasting activations of BAT SNA and BAT thermogenesis, accompanied by marked increases in energy expenditure, indicated by sustained increases in expired CO2 that paralleled the increases in BAT heat production (Figure 5A). Curiously, the strong stimulation of BAT SNA and BAT thermogenesis elicited by injection of orexin into the rRPa or by activation of neurons in the PeF-LH required an ongoing, basal level of BAT SNA, generated in this case by maintaining the rats at a slightly cooled core body temperature. When the rats were warmed to eliminate any basal discharge on the sympathetic nerves to BAT, neither injection of orexin into rRPa nor activation of PeF-LH neurons elicited increases in BAT SNA (Tupone et al., 2011; Figure 5B).
Figure 5. Orexin in the rostral raphe pallidus (rRPa) or activation of neurons in the perifornical lateral hypothalamus (PeF-LH) produces a prolonged increase in BAT sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) and BAT thermogenesis in cool, but not warm rats. (A) Under cool conditions (core temperature <37°C) in which a low level of basal BAT SNA is present, nanoinjections of orexin-A (Orx-A, left panel, dashed line) in the rRPa or of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA, right panel, dashed line) into the PeF-LH elicited prolonged increases in BAT SNA, BAT temperature (TBAT), and expired CO2 (Exp CO2). (B) Under warm conditions (core temperature >37°C) in which no basal BAT SNA was present, nanoinjections of Orx-A (left panel, dashed line) in rRPa or of NMDA (right panel, dashed line) into the PeF-LH failed to evoke significant changes in BAT SNA, TBAT or Exp CO2. (C) Representative histological sections illustrating nanoinjection sites in the rRPa (left panel, white arrowhead) and in the PeF-LH (right panel, white arrowhead). Note that the NMDA injection sites in the PeF-LH were located in the midst of many neurons immunohistochemically labeled for Orexin-A (red). Modified with permission from Tupone et al. (2011).
These anatomical data demonstrate not only an orexinergic projection from neurons in the PeF-LH to the site of BAT sympathetic premotor neurons in the rRPa, but also a synaptic connection between orexin-containing neurons in PeF-LH and BAT sympathetic premotor neurons. Physiologically, the requirement for an ongoing level of BAT SNA, and thus an activation of BAT sympathetic premotor neurons in rRPa, in order for orexin in rRPa to evoke large and sustained increases in BAT SNA and BAT thermogenesis is consistent with a role for orexin in rRPa to change the gain of the response of BAT sympathetic premotor neurons to their activating, presumably glutamatergic excitatory inputs.
The physiological conditions which activate the orexin neurons in PeF-LH that project to rRPa to modulate the gain of the synaptic drive to BAT sympathetic premotor neurons and facilitate BAT thermogenic responses remains to be determined. Also unknown are the other potential projection targets of the orexin neurons that influence BAT thermogenesis. However, a potential role of orexin neurons in feeding could suggest a simultaneous increase in energy consumption in BAT under conditions of a high level of stored calories. Alternatively, the activation of orexin neurons in awake or aroused states could suggest an accompanying facilitation of BAT thermogenesis to increase brain and core temperatures to optimize performance. In this regard, it would be of interest to determine if the level of activity in orexin neurons parallels the ultradian oscillations in the BAT thermogenesis (Ootsuka et al., 2009). Conversely, a reduction in the activity of the orexinergic input to rRPa may contribute to the reductions in BAT thermogenesis, energy consumption, and body temperature under conditions of sleep, hibernation or starvation.
A Role for the Ventromedial Hypothalamus in BAT Thermogenesis Remains Unclear
The seminal study of Hetherington and Ranson (1940) initiated the interest in the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) in energy homeostasis and several succeeding studies have suggested that the VMH affects energy expenditure via sympathetic activation of BAT thermogenesis. Electrical stimulation of the VMH increases BAT thermogenesis (Perkins et al., 1981; Minokoshi et al., 1986) and microinjection of glutamate (Yoshimatsu et al., 1993) or triiodothyronine (Lopez et al., 2010) into VMH increases BAT SNA. Conversely, lesions of the VMH attenuate BAT SNA (Niijima et al., 1984; Sakaguchi et al., 1988). However, the methodologies used in these studies, including electrical stimulation, electrolytic lesions, and large injection volumes (i.e., 100–200 nl for microinjection studies without appropriate anatomical control experiments) significantly limit the conclusions that can be drawn from the resulting data. Furthermore, the close proximity of the VMH to other regions involved in the sympathetic regulation of BAT thermogenesis, including the DMH, the arcuate nucleus and the lateral hypothalamus, and the frequent absence of histological data in these previous studies precludes any conclusions on the role of neurons in the VMH in the control of BAT thermogenesis and BAT energy expenditure. An additional confound is that trans-synaptic retrograde tracing studies have consistently failed to identify any significant population of neurons in the VMH following injection of pseudorabies virus in BAT, even at long post-inoculation times (Bamshad et al., 1999; Oldfield et al., 2002; Cano et al., 2003; Yoshida et al., 2003). Nonetheless, a recent study found impaired diet-induced thermogenesis and lower levels of UCP1 in BAT in mice lacking PI3K specifically in the SF-1 containing neurons of the VMH (Klockener et al., 2011), suggesting a role for VMH neurons in the regulation of BAT. Whether this alteration in BAT UCP1 expression is mediated by a direct effect of altered VMH neuronal discharge on the sympathetic input to BAT, and if so, how this observation might be reconciled with the lack of viral tracer labeling of VMH neurons following inoculation of BAT, remain interesting areas for future study.
Inhibitory Regulation of BAT Thermogenesis
Hypoxia Inhibits BAT Thermogenesis
The brainstem contains the pathways mediating the inhibition of BAT thermogenesis in response to arterial hypoxia, a reflex to restrict oxygen consumption in the face of reduced oxygen availability or compromised oxygen diffusion and transport in the blood. Systemic hypoxia or bolus systemic injections of sodium cyanide produce a prompt and complete reversal of the BAT SNA activations evoked by hypothermia and by PGE2 in the POA and this response to hypoxia is eliminated by section of the carotid sinus nerves or by inhibition of second-order arterial chemoreceptor sensory neurons in the commissural region of the nucleus of the tractus solitarius (NTS; Madden and Morrison, 2005). Interestingly, hypoxia also eliminates the BAT SNA activation resulting from bicuculline nanoinjection into the rRPa, suggesting that activation of a GABAergic input to BAT sympathetic premotor neurons in rRPa is unlikely to mediate the hypoxic inhibition of BAT thermogenesis. Indirect evidence points to a possible role for a spinal inhibitory mechanism. Similar to arterial hypoxia, disinhibition of neurons in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) reduces the BAT SNA activation following bicuculline into the rRPa (Morrison et al., 1999) and both anatomical (Stornetta et al., 2004) and electrophysiological (Deuchars et al., 1997) studies support the existence of a bulbospinal inhibitory pathway to SPNs from the RVLM. The pathway for the hypoxic inhibition of BAT metabolism between the NTS and the BAT SPNs remains to be investigated.
Hypoglycemia and Glucoprivation Inhibit BAT Thermogenesis
Similar to the hypoxia-evoked inhibition of thermogenesis, hypoglycemia and glucoprivation cause hypothermia (Freinkel et al., 1972; Mager et al., 1976), at least in part by inhibiting sympathetically mediated metabolism in BAT (Egawa et al., 1989a; Madden, 2012). This neurally regulated decrease in metabolism reduces cellular oxidative demands during conditions of reduced availability of metabolic fuel. The importance of this adaptive response, which spares scarce glucose resources for use by critical tissues such as the brain, at the expense of thermoregulation, is demonstrated by the observation that prevention of hypothermia during severe hypoglycemia results in increased mortality rates (Buchanan et al., 1991).
Glucoprivation selectively within the lateral hypothalamus reduces BAT SNA by ∼25% (Egawa et al., 1989b), whereas systemic glucoprivation can completely inhibit BAT SNA (Egawa et al., 1989a; Madden, 2012). More recently we have demonstrated not only that the glucoprivic agent, 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), reversed the cooling-evoked activation of BAT SNA, but that selective glucoprivation with local nanoinjection of 5-thio-D-glucose (5-TG) within the ventrolateral medulla (VLM) also completely reversed the cooling-evoked activation of BAT SNA (Madden, 2012). Interestingly, intravenous administration of 2-DG did not attenuate the activation of BAT SNA following pontomedullary transection, suggesting that the hypoglycemia-evoked inhibition of BAT SNA is not mediated solely by circuits within the medulla (Madden, 2012). The NPY/catecholaminergic projection from the VLM to the PVH may play an important role in the glucoprivic inhibition of BAT SNA, consistent with the role of VLM neurons in the glucoprivic inhibition of BAT SNA, the ability of neuronal activation in the PVH to inhibit BAT SNA (see below) and the established role of the NPY/catecholaminergic input from the VLM to the PVH in other counterregulatory responses to hypoglycemia (Ritter et al., 2011). Identifying the respective contributions of hypothalamic and medullary regions to the reduced BAT thermogenesis during conditions of reduced availability of metabolic fuel, as well as the characterization of the specific neural pathways by which hypoglycemia influences thermoregulatory neural circuits await further research.
Neurons in the Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus Inhibit BAT Thermogenesis
The PVH plays a major role in energy homeostasis, influencing both food intake and energy expenditure. Although the pauci-synaptic connection of neurons in the PVH to BAT (Bamshad et al., 1999; Oldfield et al., 2002; Cano et al., 2003; Yoshida et al., 2003) strongly supports a role for these neurons in the sympathetic regulation of BAT thermogenesis, their influence on the regulation of BAT thermogenesis has been controversial. Initially, neurons in the PVH were thought to play a role in the excitation of BAT SNA, since neurons in the dorsal PVH with direct projections to the spinal sympathetic preganglionic cell column are activated during fever (Zhang et al., 2000) and lesions of PVH attenuate fever (Horn et al., 1994; Caldeira et al., 1998; Lu et al., 2001). Curiously, cold-evoked BAT thermogenesis was unaffected by lesions of the PVH (Lu et al., 2001). In contrast, activation of neurons in the PVH has recently been demonstrated to inhibit BAT SNA and BAT thermogenesis (Madden and Morrison, 2009). Unilateral disinhibition of neurons in PVH with nanoinjections of bicuculline or their glutamatergic activation with NMDA injections completely inhibits increases in BAT SNA and BAT thermogenesis elicited by skin and core cooling (Figure 6A), by injections of PGE2 into the MPO that mimic fever, or by disinhibition of neurons in the DMH/DA (Madden and Morrison, 2009). Although activation of PVH neurons could attenuate the increases in BAT SNA and BAT thermogenesis evoked by injections of NMDA into the rRPa, those resulting from bicuculline injections into rRPa were unaffected by disinhibition of PVH
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of the flooding.
The autumn to winter period saw a record-breaking Jet Stream, fuelled by a diving cold Polar Vortex across the United States. With this, brought powerful storms across the United Kingdom (MetOffice, 2014). As the Polar Vortex moved southward, it interacted with the Jet Stream. This caused powerful Jet Streaks to form, thus producing rapid cyclogenesis in the mid-Atlantic. This pattern lasted several months, exacerbating the flooding issues across the Somerset Levels.
As the storms became more frequent, the water table filled up exponentially, as the majority of the soil inside in the Somerset Levels consists of clay and, further inland, peat (North Somerset Council, 2008). Every year the area experiences pluvial flooding due to its impermeable calcareous clays, which drains water very slowly (Soilscapes, n.d.). In places, parts of the rivers that run through the Levels sit above farmland, which allowed broken river banks to spill water onto the neighbouring fields. Combined with the waterlogged land, it makes the area incessantly prone to flooding (House of Commons, 2014).
The flooding eventually became a serious threat to residents and farmland which coerced the government to initialise flood management in the area, introducing extensive dredging upon the main rivers (Hartwell-Naguib and Roberts, 2014). This process takes silt deposits out from the river bed to increase the volume of the river. There has been a divide amongst the government and the Environment Agency as to whether this is a feasible and financially secure approach to flood management. The Environment Agency rejects that dredging rivers is the most important approach, as Lord Smith, chairman of the EA, claims that dredging the rivers would only make a small difference and that other management solutions would need to be applied (Guardian, 2014). The Environment Agency (Environment Agency, 2014) retains the idea that dredging would only work on a short-term basis, and the silt on the riverbed would soon return and need to be dredged once again, adding to the growing financial cost. Dredging also has a detrimental effect on the ecosystems that run within the river, as the UK Marine Special Areas of Conservation (SACs) adds that dredging causes a range of potentially damaging environmental effects on our rivers (UK Marine, n.d.). These effects include the removal of certain species and poor quality of water for those species, primarily caused by suspended sediment after the dredging process (UK Marine, n.d.). Although there appears to be a strong basis of negativity towards the process of dredging, it can also reduce the time that flooding occurs due to the increase of water conveyance within the river (CIWEM, 2014). Another idea to limit river levels was to introduce natural filter strips; vegetation is introduced to the banks of rivers to slow down rain water from running into the river. This could in turn slow down the rise of river levels, and limit the amount of water that breaks the river bank (North Somerset Council, 2008).
Another flood management solution that was recommended by the Environment Agency during the height of the floods was the use of high-capacity pumps from Holland. These pumps can drain up to 7.3 million tonnes of water each day out of the worst affected areas, into the River Sowey which then feeds into the River Parrett (CIWEM, 2014)(BBC News, 2014). The idea was to relieve pressure on the River Tone, as the surrounding areas were completely underwater. This system was highly effective at reducing water levels, however it unfortunately resulted in the displacement of water to other areas. This concluded in the areas, which previously were less affected, now being at a potential risk of flooding which caused a disposition in government.
The government had been heavily criticised by the media, organisations and local residents for not acting sooner. The Committee on Climate Change (CCC) had warned the government that cuts to annual flood risk management had left a hole in financial investment in flood management across the UK, and in particular, Somerset (Hartwell-Naguib and Roberts, 2014). The Environment Agency also commented that the 10-15% cut in funding could overshadow the Somerset Levels as it’s not seen as a main threat (Alex Marshall, 2014). Responding to these concerns, the government have recently announced that a number of temporary flood defences and pumping sites will be made permanent by supporting farmers to manage flood risk better, to ensure all new developments in the area have suitable drainage systems. (Department for Environment, 2014).
In summary the flood management solutions that were used to alleviate the Somerset floods came in far too late. The Somerset Levels are prone for flooding, yet only a small amount of preventative measures were put forward to protect those who were in potential danger. The dredging process has been the most popular form of flood management in the area, but due to its high cost and small effect on flood levels, it remains an issue as to whether it can continue as the main preventative system. A more permanent solution will need to be put forward that is both financially economic and suitable for the area, to ensure both residents and farmland are better protected.
Environment Agency. (2014).Dredging and Flood Risk.Available: www.ourcityourriver.co.uk/downloads/Dredging Leaflet.pdf. Last accessed 07/12/2014.
House of Commons. (2014).Winter Floods 2013/14.Available: www.parliament.uk/briefing-papers/SN06809.pdf. [Accessed 06/12/2014.]
North Somerset Council. (2008).Strategic Flood Risk Assessment: Level 1.Available: https://www.n-somerset.gov.uk/Environment/Planning_policy_and-research/researchandmonitoring/Documents/Level 1 study of North Somerset (pdf).pdf. [Accessed 06/12/2014.]
Department for Environment. (2014).New action plan to protect Somerset from flooding.Available: https://www.gov.uk/government/news/new-action-plan-to-protect-somerset-from-flooding. [Accessed 30/11/2014.]
BBC. (2014).What are the Somerset Levels?.Available: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-somerset-26080597. [Accessed 28/11/20.]
BBC. (2014).UK floods: Somerset Levels Dutch pumps start work.Available: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-somerset-26167818. [Accessed 25/11/2014.]
UK Marine. (n.d.).Dredging and disposal: Suspended sediments and turbidity.Available: http://www.ukmarinesac.org.uk/activities/ports/ph5_2_3.htm. [Accessed 27/11/2014.]
Landis. (n.d.).Soilscapes.Available: http://www.landis.org.uk/soilscapes/. [Accessed 27/11/2014.]
Meteorological Office. (2014).MetOffice.Available: http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/climate/uk/interesting/2014-janwind. [Accessed 22/11/2014.]
Hartwell-Naguib, S & Roberts, N. (2014).Winter Floods 2013/14.Available: http://www.parliament.uk/business/publications/research/briefing-papers/SN06809/winter-floods-201314. [Accessed 24/11/2014.]
CIWEM. (2014).Floods and Dredging - a reality check.Available: http://www.ciwem.org/media/1035043/floods_and_dredging_-_a_reality_check.pdf. [Accessed 26/11/2014.]
Alex Marshall. (2014).Environment Agency cuts: surviving the surgeon’s knife.Available: http://www.endsreport.com/41653/environment-agency-cuts-surviving-the-surgeons-knife. [Accessed 29/11/2014.]
Guardian. (2014).Lord Smith: 'EA staff know 100 times more than any politician about flooding'.Available: http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2014/feb/10/lord-smith-ea-staff-know-100-times-more-on-flooding. [Accessed 30/11/2014.]
Structure your paragraphs! One point per paragraph. Make the essay flow. Every paragraph should link to the next. Theoretically you should be able to read it backwards and it’ll make sense.
Point – make your point
Evidence – give your evidence
Explain – explain its relevance
Link- link to the next paragraph
Be careful with abbreviations. You can abbreviate only after you have written it in full once with the abbreviation after i.e. United Kingdom (UK). Then later you can use UK.
Be careful not to be too chatty, be formal! You’re not talking to a friend.
Don’t add new points in your conclusion paragraph. This is a summary of what you’ve already discussed. Summarise!
Make sure your referencing everything! You can’t just know something, you have to prove how you know it and who it’s from. Try to use credited references from research papers/articles, don’t use Wikipedia or web pages, BBC news isn’t great either.
Write all numbers in long hand, i.e. one hundred not 100.
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Cite This Essay
To export a reference to this article please select a referencing stye below:ELVAN, geçen hafta AGC Center'da gazetecilerin konuğu olmuş, AGC Başkanı Dim'in "Anadolu Jet’in Ankara uçuşlarıyla ilgili THY'ye yazıp, çizdik. Uçuşlar saat 23.30 gibi geliş, sabah saat 07.00 gibi gidiş olsa iyi olur" talebi üzerine, THY Genel Müdürü Temel Kotil'i hemen telefonla arayıp talimat vermişti.
ARAYIP MÜJDEYİ VERDİ
Anadolu Jet, önceki gün uçuş saatlerini değiştirdiğini duyurdu ancak saatler Bakan Elvan'ın talimatına uygun değildi. Dim, Elvan'a da yönlendirdiği twitinde "THY, vur deyince öldürmüş" dedi. Elvan, dün Dim'i telefonla arayarak, gece gidiş, gün ortası dönüşü sona erdirdiğini söyledi. 2 Haziran itibariyle yeni saatler şöyle:
VAKİT VE NAKİT TASARRUFU
Anadolu Jet, haftanın her günü saat 06.45'de Alanya-Gazipaşa Havalimanı'ndan (GZP) kalkıp, Ankara'ya uçacak. Her gün Ankara'dan GZP'ye dönüş saati ise 23.35 olacak. Böylelikle Ankara'da işi olan bir kişi sabah 08.00'de Ankara'da olacak, aynı günün gece ise Alanya'ya dönerek zaman kaybı ve konaklama yükünden kurtulacak.
'ÇOK FARKLI BİR DEVLET ADAMI'
TGF Genel Başkan Yardımcısı ve AGC Başkanı Mehmet Ali Dim, Elvan'ın müjdesini Twitter'da şu sözlerle değerlendirdi: Ulaştırma Bakanı Lütfi Elvan aradı ve müjdeyi verdi. Anadolu Jet'in ANK-GZP uçuşları 2 Haziran'dan sonra tam istediğimiz gibi 23.35 geliş, 06.45 gidiş oldu. Duyarlılığı, takipçiliği ve iş bitiriciliği ile Bakan Elvan çok farklı bir siyaset ve devlet adamı. Allah razı olsun.
Son Güncelleme: 26.05.2015 10:02彭雪枫书信日记选
编者的话
彭雪枫同志是原新四军第四师师长，是我党老一辈无产阶级革命家。为了纪念他英勇殉国三十五周年，我们从他一生的通信、日记和文章中，选编了《彭雪枫书信日记选》一书。所选的通信、日记和文章，我们仅作了一些校勘，加了一些注释，有的作了一些小的删节。编选中，得到了中国人民解放军军事科学院奚原同志、中华人民共和国纺织工业部林颖同志的大力支持，以及中国人民革命军事博物馆、北京图书馆、江苏省泗洪县民政局、河南省博物馆等单位的热情帮助，在此，我们表示衷心的感谢!
参加本书编选工作的有郑州大学历史系张留学同志、河南省历史研究所冯文纲同志、河南中医学院马列主义教研室张学忠同志。
由于我们的水平有限，编选中出现的疏漏和不当之处，诚望广大读者批评指正。
一九七九年九月
目 录
给邓颖超同志的信
给范长江先生的信
致鲁紫铭先生的信
给烈属谢老太太的信
给林颖同志的信(摘抄)
驻太原办事处日记
塞上琐记
娄山关前后
说太原
五四运动的继承者新民主主义的实行家
悼彭雄同志
我们是政府的卫队和老百姓的护兵
给邓颖超同志的信
小超大姊：
汉皋一别，三个年头，无时不在念中，这之间您走了一趟莫斯科(注：指1939年8月至1940年3月邓颖超陪同周恩来到苏联首都莫斯科医治臂伤)，可谓幸福之至!我则深入敌后，每天冒着枪林弹雨，风来雨云，肉体上虽不舒服，精神上倒也愉快，不过反共分子随处皆有，总有点讨嫌耳!
任泊生（注：时任新四军第六支队政治部联络部部长）同志在我处工作。他自己以及我们大家都盼望陈波儿（注：〈1910－1951〉中国共产党党员、著名戏剧家、电影艺术家）同志来。她去年在洛阳曾给我一封信，说打算要来华中。请您成人之美吧，不仅他们夫妇团圆，而主要可给我们在敌后活动的部队，在文化娱乐工作上以大的开展。我们在望着!
特向大姊郑重声明，我个人的问题并未解决，也不打算解决，海阔天空，独来独往，岂不写意？已经老了，已经老了!(吴振英（注：时任新四军第六支队司令部机要员）问候你安好)
要想见面，怕只有待之于抗战胜利之后吧？我真是想你们!就是我一个人孤独地在这敌人的后方，胡服(即:刘少奇)又离得远，想找人谈谈，净是“部下”。战争，人事，困难，千态万状，总是不轻松得很!就是像汉口那样过几个月见几天面的机会都不可得!
我知道您忙，可是总想读您的信。十年战友，友谊，同志间的亲爱，是比什么也宝贵的!
我不知道居留在渝的故人都是谁？知道的请您代我致意吧!
祝您
健康爽快!
我很结实，从来没有病过，请您放心。
最近小照送您三张，余者请您代为送人。
雪枫
1940年5月28日夜
于豫皖苏边小荒村中军次，时在狂风暴雨之后
给范长江先生的信
长江先生：
大函诵悉。前线小捷，蒙过奖，不敢当得很。
我军处此敌人倾力压境的关头下，唯一战略方针及战术原则，应以我军主力进行大规模的运动战，以支队(如八路)领导广泛的游击战争配合主力动作，必可消灭敌之大量有生力量。证之平汉、平绥我以大军正面挡住，结果只有后退，“死守”者“守死”耳!这种挨打的架子，只有挨打而已!又证之最近数次小的胜利，都是以精干之小部队深入敌之后方，为所欲为。据前方电，敌后方联络线长，故极空虚，我游击支队如入无人之境，且受群众之热烈欢迎。胜利虽小，但积之成多即为大胜利。而破坏敌之交通，断绝敌之联络，扰乱敌之军心，兴奋我民情绪，无形之中，影响已经不小了。不过这里须首先留心两个大问题：(一)部队素质好，机动性大，敢于脱离主力单独行动；(二)纪律好，且善于做群众工作，能与人民打成一片，随时随地能得到群众之掩护与帮助。像这样大大小小的独立支队(团、营)、游击大队、游击小队、游击小组(不脱离生产之本村本乡人民所组织者)到处积极活动，如敌各村各镇分派兵加以镇压，我们欢迎，因为可以分散敌之兵力，便我主力突击。如敌掉头不顾，只管集中兵力前进，那我们也欢迎，因为正可乘虚直入，捣彼大后方，发动民众建立根据地，打进一个钉子，使敌不易拔出，时时感觉头痛，天天操心后方，弄得他终日终月不舒服，像东省之义勇军是也。最近，敌攻崞县原平，逼近太原，但八路军之游击支队，四出袭扰敌之后方，截断广灵、灵丘敌之联络线，收复朔县之后，继复井坪，昨夜又复平鲁。这并不足证明八路之如何了不起，适足以证明
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. They are usually plentiful in old
compost piles and are often numerous in poultry yards and
stock pens. They come to the surface and eat ripening straw-
berries and sometimes chew on the crowns of the plants. When
peanuts were planted where S. vicinus was plentiful severe
damage to the developing nuts was experienced. This damage
to peanuts usually consists of holes through the shell with the
kernels eaten. Mole crickets will eat each other, and other
animal matter has been found in their crops. They are attracted
to wheat bran, corn meal and cottonseed meal. Corn syrup, cane
syrup and honey appear to add to the attractiveness of some
slightly attractive materials but does not add to the attractive-
ness of wheat bran.
Most of the surface feeding appears to occur during the time
when the soil is moist and the weather warm; however, some
feeding is done during dry weather. Marked injury has been
noted where transplanted seedlings in dry fields had been wa-
tered, the mole crickets appearing to prefer these moist places
and to burrow and feed around the freshly watered plants. Most
of the feeding occurs at night or in the late afternoon, the crick-
ets then being more active near the surface where they make
the haphazard characteristic burrows. During periods of in-
activity the mole crickets retire to a more permanent burrow
which extends to a depth of about 14 inches. Each individual
has its own burrow, and remains here for long periods of time
during cold weather.
It has been noted that S. acletus has been responsible for a
great proportion of the surface burrowing, the damage from
this species consisting essentially of the mechanical injury re-
THE FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST
suiting from such excessive burrowing. While S. vicinus appears
to do much less surface burrowing, this latter species has demon-
strated that it is responsible for much of the direct feeding
injury which has been found. Much of the S. vicinus damage
to transplanted seedlings has occurred with little or no evidence
of surface burrowing, the insect merely burrowing up under
the plant and feeding on it.
(e) Observations on Natural Control
Cannibalism occurred in the laboratory where it was very
pronounced among the young nymphs, and this probably holds
true in the field. In the adults it is probably of little value in
reducing the population, but it is believed that the tiny nymphs,
in devouring each other, greatly reduce the population even
before they emerge from the egg cell.
No study of natural control has been made, but observations
show that birds, chickens, skunks, and toads take a toll of mole
crickets in this area. The predaceous bug Sirthenea carinata
is found in large numbers in certain areas. Two fungi have
been observed to attack these insects, especially in the adult
stage. The mummified mole crickets are first filled and then
covered with white hyphae which later bear light green spores
in the case of Metarrhizium anisopliae but have a distinct brick
red appearance in the case of Sorosporella uvella. There are
indications that the fungi are more prevalent on S. vicinus and
appear to be materially reducing the population of this species.
INFORMATION ON GRYLLOTALPA HEXADACTYLA
The native mole cricket is found in the heavier moist soils,
and is not a problem on most truck farms.
The eggs are deposited in a pocket-like cell opening into the
permanent burrow of the female. Field samples indicate that
from 30 to 70 light gray eggs may be found in each cell. The
female guards over her eggs and young nymphs. Most of the
eggs were deposited in May, and the incubation period averaged
191/2 days in the life history cages. The nymphs develop rapidly
through the summer with most of them reaching the adult stage
by the time cold weather sets in. Nymphs in the life history
cages transformed into adults in October and November. The
adults of this species have never been observed in flight in this
area and it seems very doubtful that the short wings are large
enough for this purpose.
VOL. XXVI-No. 3 45
The information on life history which has been secured at
Plant City, Florida, as summarized in Table 3 and presented in
Figure 1, agrees quite closely with the data of Tenhet regarding
S. acletus. It appears that there has been no change in the
habits of this species during the ten years it has been under
observation in peninsular Florida.
In general, the life history of S. vicinus in Puerto Rico as
described by Van Zwaluwenburg corresponds to that found for
this species at Plant City. He states that individuals were
brought to the adult stage every month of the year, but that
there seemed to be a fairly well defined preponderance of final
molts during the fall months. He further states that females
(in captivity) deposited eggs every month of the year except
December, the greatest activity being shown during April, May
The observations on S. vicinus in central Florida indicate
that this somewhat tropical species is more restrained by the
climatic conditions which prevail at Plant City and is kept
within more definite limits of development. This species prac-
tically disappears from the upper soil areas during the normal
winter weather, burrowing only during periods of warm weather.
From November until March it is usually possible to find speci-
mens of this species only by digging deeply into the soil where
they are found at the end of their burrows in a sluggish, almost
The fact that the egg laying and hatching periods for all of
the species of mole crickets in this area coincide so closely during
April through June indicates that the cultural practice of deep
plowing as suggested by Tenhet for the control of S. acletus
should merit further attention in the study of control measures
for all species in central Florida.
1. BARRET, O. W. 1902. The Changa, or Mole Cricket in Porto Rico. Porto
Rico Agric. Exp. Sta. Bull. 2, pp. 19, fig. 1.
2. VAN ZWALUWENBURG, R. H. 1918. The Changa or West Indian Mole
Cricket. Porto Rico Agric. Exp. Sta. Bull. 23, pp. 28, plates III.
3. WORSHAM, E. L., and REED, W. V. 1912. The Mole Cricket. Georgia
Exp. Sta. Bull. 101, pp. 251-263, figs. 3.
THE FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST
4. REHN, J. A. G., and HEBARD, M. 1916. Studies in the Dermaptera and
Orthoptera of the Coastal Plain and Piedmont Region of the South-
eastern United States. In Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., Vol. 68, pt 2,
pp. 278, 279.
5. COCKERHAM, K. L. 1921. Unpublished Report to Bureau of Entomology,
United States Department of Agriculture.
6. TENHET, J. N. 1938. Unpublished MS. and Reports of Investigations
at Sanford, Florida, Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine;
United States Department of Agriculture.
THE MUTILLIDAE OF GEORGIA
Mr. P. W. Fattig, Curator of the Museum at Emory Univer-
sity, has just (July 1st) published a bulletin (Number 1 of the
Museum) which will be of considerable interest to our readers
who are interested in the velvet ants. Undoubtedly a good per-
centage of the species listed in this bulletin are also found in
Florida and his publication should be very useful to one inter-
ested in the Mutillidae of Florida. He has paragraphs on the
hosts of Mutillidae to which he has added 13 new hosts; also
one on the mating of the Mutillidae. He lists 58 species as found
in Georgia giving the localities in which they were collected. In
all he records 3,793 collections. A bibliography of the group is
Professor Fattig is well known to the older residents of
Florida, as he was connected with the University for several
FOR ALL PURPOSES
Carefully Executed 0 Delivered on Time
PEPPER PRINTING COMPANY
Official Organ of the Florida Entomological Society
VOL. XXVI SEPTEMBER, 1943 No. 3
J. R. WATSON, Gainesville--..-....---..--..--... ----.................. -Editor
E. W. BERGER, Gainesville...-.....-----.................... Associate Editor
C. B. WISECUP, Box 309, Plant City...... ....... .....Business Manager
Issued once every three months. Free to all members of the
Subscription price to non-members is $1.00 per year in ad-
vance; 35 cents per copy.
THE TROPICAL BEDBUG ESTABLISHED IN FLORIDA
Since 1938 the tropical bedbug, Cimex hemipterus, has been
collected in human habitations in several widely separated locali-
ties in Florida by students studying entomology at the University
of Florida, indicating that this species has become established
and is widely distributed in the state.
The identity of this species was tentatively confirmed by
George M. List of Colorado State College in 1940 and specifically
confirmed recently by R. I. Sailer of the National Museum.
Records of collections indicating the distribution and estab-
lishment of this species are as follows:
Gainesville, March 1938. All stages were collected in a stu-
dent's room by F. J. Bartlett.
Largo, April 1939. All stages were taken in the house of a
negro by Kelsey Privett.
Lakeland, December 1939. Immature and adults were taken
by George Dillard.
Rochelle, December 1939. Adults were taken by Wallace
Sarasota, June 1940. Adults were taken by Norman Hay-
Gainesville, December 1942. Adults were taken by H. C.
THE FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST
PHOEBIS PHILEA LINN.1 IN WINTER PARK, FLORIDA
EDWARD M. DAVIS
Baker Museum of Natural Science, Rollins College
The following notes on the occurrence of Phoebis philea
Linn.1 in Winter Park, Fla. may be of interest, since this locality
would appear to be out of its normal range. It seems all the
more unusual to have these records when at the same time we
have none at all of P. agarithe.
All of my records are of individuals seen or caught in my
yard in the center of the town, where the butterflies were visiting
a young Acacia bush which had reached a size of about 6 ft. high
by 6 ft. in diameter when the first one was seen around it. It
is now (Jan. 1943) about 8 ft. high and 12 ft. in diameter. I
believe that every butterfly seen has been a female; all of those
caught have been.
The first was captured on Oct. 21, 1941; the second was seen
about mid-December 1941 but the exact date is missing. The
third was caught on Jan. 4, 1942, and a fourth was seen on April
7th. From May 10th, 1942 until Oct. 10th, I was away from
Winter Park. On Oct. 31st another was caught, and one more
on Dec. 27. Another was seen on Jan. 17th, 1943 and the most
recent one on Jan. 25th.
Most of the butterflies have been laying eggs on the bush,
but in spite of this I have seen only two very small caterpillars
which may have hatched from them and I do not think these
survived. At the time of writing this bush has probably 60 eggs
on it, presumably from the most recent visitor.
Mr. D. F. Berry of Orlando tells me that during the period
in which I have seen these he has seen three or four, all apparent-
ly females, around Orlando, but has not caught any. He had
never seen any previously. I think that the Acacia bush would
hardly have been big enough much before the fall of 1941 to at-
tract the butterflies. My work prevents me from keeping the
bush under observation. There may well have been 50 visitors
of this species in the time under consideration, without my hav-
ing any chance to see them.
Most of the butterflies have lost many of the scales on their
wings making their color very pale, but otherwise are in very
'Callidryas philea in Holland's "Butterfly Books"-The Red-barred
Sulphur. Florida not included in its range-Ed.
VOL. XXVI-No. 3 49
DRAGONFLIES COLLECTED IN THE VICINITY OF
By MIKE WRIGHT
(Continued from Vol. XXVI, No. 2, page 31)
2. Lestes disjunctus Selys. Lake Jackson, May 3, 1942; Natural
Bridge Creek, May 16, 1942; Pond A, May 16, 1942; Flemming Creek. May
23, 1942; in Florala and Lockhart during May 1942. This was the most
common and widespread lestine found during our collecting. These damsel-
flies were especially abundant in the marshy edges of Lake Jackson. They
managed to conceal themselves so well in the short grass and weeds that
the collector had to beat the grass with the net to flush them. As noted
above, several,individuals were taken in the heart of Florala, some distance
from Lake Jackson.
3. Lestes rectangularis Say. Pond A, May 16, 1942. This pond, as
described previously, was an open woodland pond which had undergone con-
siderable drying up. This had concentrated the animals therein. Nymphs
of this species were taken by the dozens in each dip, and tenerals were
seen by the hundreds perching in the waist-high grass and weeds which
encircled the pond. As the collector walked through the grass hundreds of
tenerals of L. rectangularis were flushed before him. Some were so newly
emerged that after flying a few feet they would fall helpless to the ground.
Several clung to the clothes of the collector, too weak to escape. We were
unable to find a single mature individual, although considerable time was
spent in the vicinity of Pond A.
4. Lestes vigilax Hagen. Pond B, May 23, 1942. This pond was sur-
rounded by a dense thicket of trees and shrubs, in which all our specimens
of L. vigilax were taken. Unlike the other two species of Lestes encounter-
ed in the Florala area, L. vigilax seemed to prefer a heavily shaded area.
Individuals are hard to find in such places and must be flushed by beating
the vegetation with a stick while keeping the net ready for a swift swing.
The presence of thorn bushes and briars did not better the condition of
either the net or the collector. In our collections of L. vigilax elsewhere
they have been taken in similar habitats.
5. Argia bipunctulata (Hagen). Svea, May 12, 15, and 20, 1942; Flem-
ming Creek, May 23, 1942. This was the most common and widespread
Argia found during these collections. In several instances, individuals were
taken at considerable distances from water. In the vicinity of Flemming
Creek the greater number of individuals were seen in the open fields border-
ing the creek or in the marshy area bordering the highway. Relatively few
were observed along the creek itself.
6. Argia fumipennis (Burmeister). Pond Creek, May 3, 1942; Lake
Jackson, May 3, 1942; Flemming Creek, May 23, 1942. A not uncommon
species in the areas listed. Along the road that encircles Lake Jackson
many individuals were seen patrolling the edge of the road and darting
back and forth across the road.
THE FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST
7. Argia tibialis (Rambur). Pond Creek, May 3, 1942. Only two
specimens, both males, were taken during these collections. Further col-
lection, especially later in the summer, would undoubtedly produce greater
numbers of this species.
8. Nehalennia integricollis Calvert. Taken only at Pond B on May 23,
1942. This species was common at this pond, being found both in the
heavily shaded area and in the open.
9. Teleallagma daeckii (Calvert). Taken only at Pond B on May 23,
1942. Two males and one female (one pair in copula) were caught and
several others were seen but were not taken because of the briars. This
was our first encounter with T. daeckii and we hope for more. It is a
beautiful and stately insect in flight.
10. Enallagma civil (Hagen). Pond A, May 15, 1942; Pond B, May
23, 1942. Fairly common around the ponds and evidently a pond-lake spe-
11. Enallagma weewa Byers. A single male was taken at Pond Creek
on May 23, 1942. Further collection in the Florala area, especially later
in the season, will undoubtedly show this species to be much more abun-
dant and widespread. Further collecting should also disclose other species
of Enallagma in the area.
12. Ischnura posita (Hagen). Taken throughout the area and even
invading the towns. Never really abundant but always present, the great-
est number being seen around Lake Jackson.
13. Anomalagrion hastatum (Say). Lake Jackson, April 29 and May
3, 1942; Svea, May 12, 1942; Pond A, May 16, 1942; in Florala and Lock-
hart, May 1942; Pond B, May 23, 1942. A widespread but not common
14. Progomphus obsc
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腐朽，但是在这些人与竹简背后反映的法的精神将永存世间，永远保护着这片中华大地上的每一个子子孙孙。
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备案号：Anche il sostegno nei circoli dirigenti sta crescendo
La questione della legalizzazione della vendita e del trasporto di pistole e revolver come оружия l'autodifesa provoca un acceso dibattito nella nostra società.
Ci sono molti oppositori a questa idea, ma i sostenitori, avendo unito i loro sforzi nell'ambito dell'organizzazione "Right to Arms", si sono recentemente dichiarati sempre più una forza influente in grado di cambiare l'opinione pubblica a loro favore.
Vista l'importanza della questione, abbiamo deciso di contattare direttamente il presidente del consiglio di Rights to Arms, Maria Butina, e porle alcune domande.
- Qual è l'atteggiamento della società verso l'idea di consentire ai cittadini di difendersi con armi da fuoco a canna corta?
- Le dinamiche dell'opinione pubblica possono essere viste dagli studi sociologici di VTsIOM e Levada Center, che sono stati pubblicati più volte. Se tre anni fa il numero di sostenitori dell'ampliamento del diritto dei cittadini alle armi (armi da fuoco a canna corta rigata) era al livello del 14%, ora è già del 44%.
Anche la quota di coloro che esitano è aumentata. Queste persone ad un certo punto prenderanno una decisione da sole dopo aver ascoltato gli argomenti a favore e contro. Ma il fatto è che qui è difficile dare argomenti negativi, poiché ora i cittadini hanno accesso ad armi con una capacità di oltre 4mila joule. Che dire allora di una pistola con una capacità di 350-500 joule?
I cittadini russi hanno legalmente il diritto di acquistare armi se hanno i documenti appropriati e non hanno controindicazioni o precedenti condanne. Le persone che ne sono a conoscenza di solito non si preoccupano di espandere l'elenco delle armi disponibili, poiché il cittadino ha dimostrato la sua osservanza della legge. Questa dipendenza è stata dimostrata anche dall'indagine VTsIOM condotta nell'estate del 2014.
- L'atteggiamento nei confronti dell'idea di liberalizzare la legge sulle armi sta cambiando negli ambienti dominanti del nostro paese?
- Già nel 2012, il primo vicepresidente del consiglio della federazione Alexander Torshin presentò una relazione di esperti sulla necessità di legalizzare le armi da fuoco a canna corta. Ciò non è passato inosservato e la reazione dell'amministrazione presidenziale è seguita. Se prima considerava la questione in linea di principio irrilevante, ora è stato detto che questa questione, sebbene non la più urgente, può essere considerata in seguito. Questa è una buona mossa! Allo stesso tempo, Alexander Torshin rimane in posizioni solide.
Inoltre, nel Partito Liberal Democratico in precedenza, i singoli deputati hanno sostenuto la liberalizzazione della legge sulle armi, e ora il sostegno esiste a livello di fazione nel suo insieme. A proposito, il deputato del Partito Liberal Democratico della Russia Ivan Khudyakov ha presentato alla Duma di Stato modifiche appropriate per esame.
Va detto che la posizione dei rappresentanti eletti del popolo dipende dalla posizione del pubblico. E qui va notato che il “portale dell'Iniziativa pubblica russa” ha raccolto 100mila firme a sostegno dell'iniziativa “la mia casa è la mia fortezza”. Prevede la possibilità della necessaria difesa di un cittadino nell'ambito della sua abitazione in caso di invasione. Questa iniziativa è stata sostenuta dal gruppo di lavoro federale sotto il governo della Federazione russa.
A proposito, il coordinatore del movimento per il diritto alle armi, Sergei Makarchenko, ha convinto il parlamento di Pskov a presentare alla Duma di Stato l'iniziativa legislativa “la mia casa è la mia fortezza”, ed è in coda per essere presa in considerazione.
- È stato più volte notato che il concetto di "difesa necessaria" consente una libera interpretazione, per cui chi si difende può finire dietro le sbarre. Cosa è stato fatto per correggere la situazione?
- Sì, la nostra legislazione non è abbastanza perfetta per giustificare ogni persona che si trova in una situazione di necessaria difesa. Tuttavia, casi di alto profilo associati alle assoluzioni del tribunale cambiano l'atteggiamento dei giudici nei confronti dell'autodifesa, sebbene la legge non sia un precedente nel nostro paese. Stiamo passando dal privato al generale, e ci sono già dei precedenti quando, grazie al clamore pubblico, alla partecipazione dei media, alle manifestazioni, siamo riusciti a ottenere l'assoluzione per Yevgeny Kostrykin e Alexander Telesov.
Sì, la situazione con l'autodifesa è brutta, ma non nella misura in cui è posizionata. Ogni anno a Mosca e nella regione di Mosca si verificano più di 600 casi di autodifesa legale con armi traumatiche. Nota che questa è statistica solo per le armi traumatiche e ci sono già 600 casi. Cioè, le persone si difendono e la legge le giustifica, ma molto dipende anche dalla cultura giuridica. Una persona deve capire chiaramente come comportarsi in una situazione di autodifesa, come testimoniare, come non farsi del male.
Se sei sicuro che stanno cercando di metterti in prigione e non sei da biasimare, dai primi giorni contattaci, abbiamo una hotline gratuita. Aiutiamo con consulenze e avvocati, ma devi contattare letteralmente subito. Se il tempo è perso, abbiamo già avuto esempi in cui non si poteva fare nulla.Suppose you have invested $30,000 in the following four stocks.
Security Amount Invested Beta
stock A 5,000 0.75
stock B 10,000 1.10
stock C 8,000 1.36
stock D 7,000 1.88
The risk-free rate is 4 percent and the expected return on the market portfolio is 15 percent, what is the expected return on the above portfolio.
a. what financial concept or principle is the problem asking to solve.
b. in the context of the problem scenario, what are some business decisions that a manager would be able to make after solving the problem.
c. is there any additional information missing from the problem that would enhance the decision-making process?
d. without showing mathemathical calculations, explain in writing how you would solve the problem.
The financial concept is capital asset pricing model or CAPM. It is used to estimate the cost of equity. It describes the relationship between the required rate of return and the non diversifiable ...
This explains the concept of Capital asset pricing model in detail.博彩网站评级-不代表本平台立场
来源：网络整理 作者：亚米游戏
湖人目前以33胜7负的战绩排名西部第一，湖人还是洛杉矶最棒的球队， “詹姆斯在35依然能场均得到准三双，詹姆斯出场总共38次，不代表本平台立场，” “有人觉得有乔治与莱昂纳德的快船才是洛杉矶更好的球队，场均34.9分钟可以砍下25.5分7.8篮板10.7助攻1.29抢断0.53盖帽，”杨少侠补充说道， 近日前NBA球员尼克-杨做客一档电台节目， 截止目前，这已经是他在联盟的第十七年了呀，少侠在节目中表示他认为詹姆斯该是本赛季的MVP赢家，。Düzenli JackpotCity oyuncuları bir dizi çeşitli promosyonlar sunuluyor. Bunlar arasında her gün garantili bir eşleşme teklifi olan Günlük Teklif bulunur. Bu bonus, oyuncunun oyun huyuna dayanır, bu nedenle her oyuncu için benzersizdir ve günden güne değişebilir. Oyuncular ayrıca Bonus Çarkısını'da döndürüp harika ödüller alabilirler. JackpotCity ayrıca, casinodaki ilk dört para yatırma işleminde etkinleştirilen ve toplam 1600 $’a kadar olan tüm yeni oyunculara büyük bir Hoşgeldin bonusu sunuyor. Teklifle ilgili daha fazla bilgiyi aşağıda bulabilirsiniz.Günümüz dünyasında, çevrimiçi güvenlik her zamankinden daha önemlidir. Bilgisayar korsanları sürekli olarak insanların çevrimiçi hesaplarına girmenin ve kişisel bilgilerini çalmanın yollarını bulmaya çalışıyor. Kendinizi bu bilgisayar korsanlarından korumanın en iyi yollarından biri, tüm çevrimiçi hesaplarınız için güçlü parolalar oluşturmaktır.
Güçlü Parolalar Neden Önemlidir?
ExpressVPN’in anketi, insanların her yıl unuttuğu parolalarını yenilemek için saatler harcadığını gösteriyor. Anket aynı zamanda en çok unuttuğumuz şifrelerin bankacılık hesaplarına ait olduğunu gösteriyor. Bankacılık hesapları, çevrimiçi güvenliğin en önemli olduğu hesap türlerinden biridir çünkü şifre kaybolması veya çalınması durumunda finansal kayıplara sebep olabilir.
Güçlü parolalar önemlidir çünkü bilgisayar korsanlarının tahmin etmesi çok daha zordur. Güçlü bir parola en az 8 karakter uzunluğunda olmalı ve büyük ve küçük harfler, sayılar ve simgelerden oluşmalıdır. Kişiler asla birden fazla hesap için aynı şifreyi kullanmamalıdır. Bir kişi tüm çevrimiçi hesapları için aynı parolayı kullandığında, bir bilgisayar korsanının tüm hesaplarına erişmek için yalnızca bir parolayı tahmin etmesi yeterlidir. Bilgisayar korsanı, kişinin kişisel bilgilerini kimliğini çalmak veya başka suçlar işlemek için kullanabileceğinden, bu yıkıcı olabilir.
Güçlü parolalar oluşturmak, çevrimiçi hesaplarınızı korumak için atabileceğiniz en önemli adımlardan biridir. Bir hesabı ele geçirmenin birçok yolu olsa da, en yaygın yollardan biri, bilgisayar korsanlarının bir kişinin şifresini tahmin etmeye çalışmak için otomatik yazılım kullandığı kaba kuvvet saldırılarıdır.
Güçlü parolalar oluşturmak ve çevrimiçi hesapları bilgisayar korsanlarından korumak için herkesin atabileceği birkaç basit adım vardır. Bu adımları izleyerek kendinizin ve kişisel bilgilerinizin korunmasına yardımcı olabilirsiniz.
Güçlü parola nasıl oluşturulur?
Güçlü bir parola oluşturmanın en iyi yollarından biri harf, rakam ve sembollerden oluşan bir kombinasyon kullanmaktır. Parola ne kadar uzun olursa, tahmin edilmesi o kadar zor olacaktır. Ayrıca ‘’şifre’’ veya ‘’parola’’ gibi kolay tahmin edilen sözcükleri veya doğum tarihiniz gibi kolayca erişilebilen kişisel bilgileri kullanmaktan kaçınmalısınız.
Çevrimiçi hesaplarınızdan birinin ele geçirilmiş olabileceğinden şüpheleniyorsanız, şifrelerinizi düzenli olarak değiştirmelisiniz. Bu basit adımları izleyerek çevrimiçi bilgilerinizin güvende kalmasına yardımcı olabilirsiniz.
Parolamı Unuttum: Ne Yapmalısınız?
Kendinizi hiç şifrelerinizi unuturken buluyor musunuz? Merak etmeyin, bu çok yaygın bir sorundur. Hatırlanması gereken pek çok farklı parola varken, bazen bunları unutmamıza şaşmamak gerek.
Parolalarımızı unutmamızın birçok nedeni vardır. İlk olarak, onları yeterince sık kullanmıyor olabiliriz. Arada bir şifremizi kullanıyorsak onu unutmak kolaydır. İkinci olarak, günümüzde birden çok çevrimiçi hesaba sahip olduğumuz için şifrelerimizi karıştırıyor olabiliriz. Son olarak, bir parola yöneticisi kullanmıyor olabiliriz.
Parola yöneticisi, parolalarımızı güvenli bir şekilde saklamamıza yardımcı olan bir yazılımdır. Güçlü parolalar oluşturmamıza ve bunları hatırlamamıza yardımcı olabileceği için bir parola yöneticisi kullanmak önemlidir.
Parola güvenliğinin ve parola yöneticisi kullanmanın önemli olmasının birkaç nedeni vardır. Öncelikle, şifrelerimiz zayıfsa onlar kolayca üçüncü partiler tarafından tahmin edilebilir. Hesaplarımız çalınabilir. En kötüsü de, şifrelerimizi unutursak hesaplarımıza bir daha erişemeyebiliriz.
Bu nedenlerle güçlü parolalar kullanmak ve bunları bir parola yöneticisinde güvenli bir şekilde saklamak önemlidir.
Parolalarımızı saklamak için bir parola yöneticisi kullanmak ve çevrimiçi güvenliği sağlamak için iki adımlı kimlik doğrulamayı kullanmak önemlidir. Parola yöneticileri şifrelerimizi güvende tutmaya yardımcı olurken parolalarımızı bizim için hatırlar. İki adımlı kimlik doğrulama, çevrimiçi hesaplarımıza ekstra bir güvenlik katmanı ekler.奥沙利文点名两人为世锦赛夺冠热门 分别是……
❖文点名两人为 热门
斯诺克世锦赛4月17日揭幕。卫冕冠军奥沙利文认为，特鲁姆普和罗伯逊本赛季发挥出色，因而应该被视为本次世锦赛夺冠热门。本赛季特鲁姆普拥有五个排名赛冠军，罗伯逊则在英锦赛和巡回锦标赛两项大赛中夺冠。
“贾德(特鲁姆普)显然是最好的球员，赢得比任何人都多，打得也比任何人多。”
“我认为，毫无疑问，只有他和尼尔(罗伯逊)真正一直打出了非常、非常高的水平。约翰(希金斯)在(球员锦标赛)状态神勇，但如果看看贾德和尼尔……”
“我不知道尼尔打了几站比赛，但他每10站里头能有五站打得特别好，他有一半的时候能打出冠军级表现。他和贾德应该是两位热门。”
奥沙利文世锦赛首轮对阵乔伊斯，这场比赛在北京时间4月17日17:00开始，4月18日凌晨结束。特鲁姆普的首轮对手是海菲尔德，两阶段比赛分别于4月20日和21日进行。罗伯逊则连续两年首轮对阵梁文博，这场比赛4月17日21:30开始，4月19日凌晨收官。值得一提的是，特鲁姆普和罗伯逊有可能在半决赛遭遇。
❖特鲁姆普：休息是备战世锦赛的良方
如奥沙利文所言，本赛季的特鲁姆普堪称“劳模”，参加了几乎所有的赛事，并在绝大多数比赛中能走很远。
不过谈及今年世锦赛的备战，特鲁姆普表示自己赛前花了更多时间去休息，以便在精神上为世锦赛做好准备。今年2月以来，特鲁姆普除了在直布罗陀公开赛夺冠，多项赛事发挥平平，球员锦标赛和巡回锦标赛更连续一轮游。
“我知道，和过去两年相比，今年的世锦赛更令我兴奋。我最近几周休息的时间比过去十年都长，就是想让自己的头脑清楚起来。”
“我试图再次找到打比赛和赢球的激情。你本应该对胜利感到兴奋，但我此前感到了些许无聊，现在我努力找回所需要的那种热爱和享受，那样才能像2019年世锦赛决赛那样打出巅峰水平。”
“过去几年，我的休息时间一只手都数得过来。如果有人休息时间和我一样少，我会很惊讶。一方面，这是我发挥稳定并不断赢球的原因，但另一方面，它也会造成负面效果，打得太多，大脑会枯竭。”
“每个人都会(为世锦赛)竭尽全力，好日子和坏日子总是交相辉映。对我而言，这段时间我甚至努力不去想斯诺克的事情。现在我回来了，很久以来第一次享受打球，我努力重新将其视为一项爱好。我力争在完美准备和不过度准备之中找到平衡。”
2021年斯诺克世锦赛于4月17日至5月3日进行。星牌体育快手号将对本届世锦赛进行全程直播，扫描下方“快手官方号”即可直接观赛。Rusya A lisans, dünyanın en ilginç ve en güzel ülkelerinden biri mükemmel bir eğitim için heyecan verici bir fırsat. Öğrenciler bu ülkenin sunduğu tüm Rus kültürü ve misafirperverliği gibi deneyiminin keyfine varacaklar. Rusya bir lisans programı öğrencilerin kozmopolit şehirler, şirin kasaba, şirin köy keşfetmek gibi sıkıcı bir gün asla. Fırsatları Rusya konuma bağlı olarak geniş ve güneşli plajlar, dağlar, anıtlar, müzeler, tarihi mekanlar, harika yemekler ve canlı gece kulüpleri de dahil olmak üzere sayısız görmek ve yapılacak şeyler vardır.
Lisans Rusya programları uluslararası standartlara uygun, çağdaş,
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the entire car if it is to be purchased with cash.)
2. Determine total cost of car - down payment, loan fees, loan repayment.
|Approximate Duration of the Lesson:
|| Greater than 120 Minutes|
|Materials and Equipment:
"Real Cost of That Car" Spreadsheet (Attached Excel Template)
Personal Finance for the Economics Classroom Unit 2, JumpStart
Classified section of newspaper, Internet site for car sales, or auto magazine, Cars Direct, Drivers Way
|Technology Resources Needed:
1. Students must know how to use basic functions in selected spreadsheet software.
2. Students must be able to demonstrate proficient Internet research skills.
1.)Give Lesson Pre Test to assess the range of knowledge students may already have. (see attachments) (Approx. 20 minutes)
2.)With the class, brainstorm "all the factors to consider" when buying a car. Divide the ideas into logical categories. For example, body styles, frequency of repair, safety rating, condition, and fuel efficiency. Also, demonstrate how to determine a down payment amount based on the vehicle cost (new vs used) and personal circumstance. Use The Simple Dollar
as a guided resource. Assign individual students or teams to research each category. Internet sites to suggest: www.kbb.com www.edmunds.com www.consumereports.com
Allow the groups time to share their information and enter data onto their student handout (see attachments).
(Approx. 40 minutes)
3.)Once the students have collected their base-line data, they will use the information to select a car. In this stage students must complete the "Student Car Buying Guide"(see attachements). Internet sites to suggest:Drivers WayCars DirectGoogle.comASK.com
(Approx 30 minutes)
4.)Use a digital projector and show the students how to retrieve "The Real Cost of That Car" template (see attachment) from shared network folder. Have the students save the file to their personal computers. Have the students click on sheet 1 and complete "Scenario 1" as a class. Students will determine the blank areas in the "The Real Cost of That Car" spreadsheet by entering correct formulas and financial functions. In the guided lesson monitor students to insure they are able to use selected spreadsheet software financial functions and formulas to calculate costs correctly. The answers will vary as it is based upon their chosen car.
(Approx. 40 minutes)
5.)Have the students complete the final two scenarios independently. Monitor student progress and assist as needed. They should be able to estimate a reasonable down payment and calculate all other formulas. When the students have completed the assignment have them print and answer the reflection questions on their "Student Car Buying Guide" and discuss as a class or as an online discussion
(Approx. 40 minutes)
6.)Give Lesson Post Test to assess retention. (see attachments)
(Approx. 20 minutes)
|Attachments:**Some files will display in a new window. Others will prompt you to download.
Buying A Car Grading Rubric
These students may be used as peer tutors. Allow these students to create a loan amortization based on the finished spreadsheet.
1. Preteach spreadsheet vocabulary and familiarize students with selected software.
2. Reteach the lesson as a class if the students display difficulty in demonstrating proficiency in completing the project.
Each area below is a direct link to general teaching strategies/classroom
for students with identified learning and/or behavior problems such as: reading
or math performance below grade level; test or classroom assignments/quizzes at
a failing level; failure to complete assignments independently; difficulty with
short-term memory, abstract concepts, staying on task, or following directions;
poor peer interaction or temper tantrums, and other learning or behavior problems.
|Presentation of Material
||Using Groups and Peers
|Assisting the Reluctant Starter
||Dealing with Inappropriate
Be sure to check the student's IEP for specific accommodations.
|Variations Submitted by ALEX Users:Friday, October 2, 2009
SPOT OUT REAL DIAMOND
Laboratories use techniques such as spectroscopy, microscopy and luminescence under shortwave ultraviolet light to determine a diamond's origin. They also use specially made machines to aid them in the identification process.
Early diamond identification tests included a scratch test relying on the superior hardness of diamond. This test is however destructive, as a diamond can scratch diamond, and is rarely used nowadays. Instead, diamond identification relies on its superior thermal conductivity. Electronic thermal probes are widely used in the gemological centers to separate diamonds from their imitations. These probes consist of a pair of battery-powered thermistors mounted in a fine copper tip. One thermistor functions as a heating device while the other measures the temperature of the copper tip: if the stone being tested is a diamond, it will conduct the tip's thermal energy rapidly enough to produce a measurable temperature drop. This test takes about 2–3 seconds.2020-04-07 02:33:02 790次浏览
价 格：面议
机械设计可分为新型设计、继承设计和变型设计3类。
1、新型设计
应用成熟的科学技术或经过实验证明是可行的新技术，设计过去没有过的新型机械。
2、继承设计
根据使用经验和技术发展对已有的机械进行设计更新，以提高其性能、降低其制造成本或减少其运用费用。
3、变型设计
为适应新的需要对已有的机械作部分的修改或增删而发展出不同于标准型的变型产品。
零件的工作能力设计。已知主要零件所受的公称载荷的大小和特性，即可做零、部件的初步设计。设计所依据的工作能力准则，须参照零、部件的一般失效情况、工作特性、环境条件等合理地拟定，一般有强度、刚度、振动稳定性、寿命等准则。通过计算或类比，即可决定零、部件的基本尺寸。
部件装配草图及总装配草图的设计。根据已定出的主要零、部件的基本尺寸，设计出部件装配草图及总装配草图。草图上需对所有零件的外形及尺寸进行结构化设计。在此步骤中，需要很好地协调各零件的结构及尺寸，全面地考虑所设计的零、部件的结构工艺性，使全部零件有最合理的构形。
主要零件的校核。由于具体的结构未定，难于进行详细的工作能力计算，所以只能做初步计算及设计。在绘出部件装配草图及总装配草图以后，所有零件的结构及尺寸均为已知，相互邻接的零件之间的关系也为已知。只有在这时，才可以较为地定出作用在零件上的载荷，决定影响零件工作能力的各个细节因素。只有在此条件下，才有可能并且必须对一些重要的或者外形及受力情况复杂的零件进行的校核计算。根据校核的结果，反复地修改零件的结构及尺寸，直到满意为止。
近三四十年来发展起来的优化设计技术，越来越显示出它可使结构参数的选择达到的能力。一些新的数值计算方法，如有限元法等，可使以前难以定量计算的问题获得极好的近似定量计算的结果。对于少数非常重要、结构复杂且价格昂贵的零件，在必要时还须用模型试验方法来进行设计，即按初步设计的图纸制造出模型，通过试验，找出结构上的薄弱部位或多余的截面尺寸，据此进行加强或减小来修改原设计，最后达到完善的程度。机械可靠性理论用于技术设计阶段，可以按可靠性的观点对所设计的零、部件结构及其参数做出是否满足可靠性要求的评价，提出改进设计的建议，从而进一步提高机器的设计质量。上述这些新的设计方法和概念，应当在设计中加以应用与推广，使之得到相应的发展。PDF (Acrobat) Document File
Be sure that you have an application to open this file type before downloading and/or purchasing.
0.62 MB | 6 pages
This game is a fun and quick way for students to practice number recognition. I made this game for my dual language classroom so students can practice their numbers to 20 while staying engaged in learning. The prep work is easy: print on cardstock, laminate, cut, then play! It takes about a minute for students to learn to play.
You might also enjoy this same game format to practice other skills. I have several different versions in Spanish and in English. Check them out!
I would appreciate feedback on this product! If you have questions or comments, please email me at [email protected]. Follow me by clicking on the star under my store title. It will alert you when I have new products and FREEBIES.
I hope your little ones enjoy learning with this product!
-Susan Murray of Learning Little Ones降准就是指中央银行降低法定存款准备金率。
法定存款准备金率被商业银行用作一种宏观调控的工具，利用这个工具，就可以控制市场上资金的数量，从而对一个国家的经济产生影响。
拿数字举例，如果存款准备金率为17%，就意味着金融机构每吸收100万元存款，要向央行缴存17万的存款准备金，用于发放贷款的资金为83万元，也就是储户的存款总额的17%是不在市场上流通的。如果央行把存款准备金率下降到16%，银行吸收100万存款，只需要缴存16万元的存款准备金，与原来比就多出了1万元用于放贷。当然，实际操作中计算没这么简单，还要考虑银行的主观信贷额度和派生存款的多次放大效应。
中央银行通过调整存款准备金率，可以影响金融机构的信贷能力，从而间接调控货币供应量。如果存款准备金率提高，就意味着吸纳的存款能够放贷出去的越少，间接性的减少了货币的供应量，有可能促使银行提高存贷款利率，以保证能吸纳到更多的存款，贷款能获得收益。反之，存款准备金率下降，银行能够发放贷款的资金也就变多了，流通中的货币也就增多了。
改变存款准备金率是货币政策措施中较为“强力”的一种，其他货币政策还包括公开市场业务等。相对于其他货币政策而言，存款准备金率是传导效果广泛的中长期“重型武器”，同时，它的效果也会有一定时滞，甚至可能会发生超调的现象。
词条内容仅供参考，如果您需要解决具体问题
（尤其在法律、医学等领域），建议您咨询相关领域专业人士。 2A cartografia escolar e as práticas docentes nas séries iniciais do ensino fundamental.
Oliveira, Adriano Rodrigo
MetadataMostrar registro completo
This work tries to identify the practices that two primary school teachers draw up to promote the specific subject teaching of this series through the usage of municipal maps.We started with a text about the construction of, in Brazil, the research area in the scholar cartography. The formation os a research group originates the production of a Limeira Municipal Atlas at UNESP in Rio Claro. After, we stand out a literature about the construction of the scholar and docent knowledge as well as the discussion about geography and scholar culture. Considering the research goal, we delimit our methodology option to a qualitative approach, using the registers in the diary, and class observation and interviews. The data obtained indicate that the conceptions and the pedagogical models built by the teachers are the generators of the knowledge forms transmitted in the classroom. The usage of maps in education becomes possible two ways of knowledge construction: the first conceives the teaching as the knowledge transmission, and the second as the collective construction. The teacher s knowledge about cartographic language is originated by everyday experiences, this knowledge comes from the learning process with other teacher and usage of pedagogic books. The elements as subtitles and scales are a bit elucidative to the teachers, what makes difficult the teaching of the municipal atlas contents. The atlas creates, in the scholar context, motivating scholar and learning processes because the local problematics are experienced by the teachers and students.女演员是电影的重要组成部分，她们凭借其迷人的美丽和强大的演技，给观众留下了深刻的印象。一个女演员不应该是美丽的脸，但也应该有在电影领域的其她才华。俄罗斯很多女演员有完美的身体，可以驱使任何人发疯。有一些最漂亮的俄罗斯女演员以她们的魅力和性感震撼了造型界。下面就一起top10俄罗斯最受欢迎的女性。
俄罗斯最受欢迎的女性Top10：Alina Artz
阿丽娜阿尔茨是一位既性感又热辣的俄罗斯女演员，也是歌手，她从小就喜欢跳舞和唱歌。她毕业于圣彼得堡国立大学，毕业后，她进入电视事业，并且参加了许多真人秀节目，她赢得了俄罗斯之夜小姐的头衔，是Maxim杂志的全球最性感女性之一。
阿丽娜阿尔茨在奥运火炬接力歌曲奥运舞蹈表演，她还参加过许多拳击和武术活动，阿丽娜也是一位受欢迎的社交媒体名人。
俄罗斯最受欢迎的女性Top9：纳塔利·沃佳诺娃
纳塔利·沃佳诺娃是Calvin Klein的品牌形象大使，她是世界上收入最高的模特之一，她曾经帮助她的母亲卖水果，并在15岁的年轻时，她被模特儿公司选中。
后来，纳塔利娅走过许多著名的时装设计师，为普拉达，范思哲，雨果博斯和其她品牌做广告，她也曾在少数电影中工作过，并主持过几次比赛。
俄罗斯最受欢迎的女性Top8：克里斯蒂娜·阿斯姆斯
克里斯蒂娜·阿斯姆斯是一位华丽的俄罗斯女演员，她被Maxim命名为俄罗斯最性感的女人，她在上学的时候进入剧场，并在一部名为实习生的喜剧系列中首次亮相。
她在2013年也获得了时尚人物奖，她性感，热和美丽，诱人的嘴唇和可爱的头发，当她出现在电视屏幕上时，世界上有数百万人心跳加速。
俄罗斯最受欢迎的女性Top7：Tatiana Sorokko
名单上的下一个是俄裔美国人模特Tatiana Sorokko，她一直是许多著名时装设计师的跑道模特，塔蒂亚娜被波斯建模代理之一选中，她有着性感的蓝色眼睛，热烈的姿态让她在斜坡上行走时吸引了所有人的注意。
她一直是许多流行品牌的典范，如迪奥，纪梵希，普拉达等等，在她的模特生涯中出现了一些低谷期后，她成为许多时尚杂志的编辑，她将许多古董首饰捐赠给各个博物馆。
俄罗斯最受欢迎的女性Top6：伊琳娜·沙伊克
伊琳娜·莎伊克是世界上最成功的模特之一，她受到Intimissimi内衣的欢迎，后来，她出现在许多泳装照片拍摄，她是粉丝追随者中最著名的社交媒体名人之一。
她被一家俄罗斯模特儿公司选中，然后在2004年获得车里雅宾斯克小姐的称号，她也是维多利亚秘密和拉科斯特的模特，她因大胆的外表和性感的身材而获得许多殊荣。Yaratılış harikası: İç organlarını küçültebiliyor! 12 bin kilometre aralıksız uçuyor
'Savaş uçağı' benzetmesi yapılan bu kuşlar, uçuş sırasında yükünü hafifletebilmek için iç organlarını küçültebiliyor...
Alaska'dan 11 günde Yeni Zelanda'ya uçan bir kıyı çamur çulluğu hiç durmadan 12 bin kilometreden fazla mesafe kat ederek dünya rekoru kırdı. Kuş bilimciler, bu hayvanların bir savaş uçağının aerodinamiğine sahip olduğunu ve uçuş sırasında yüklerini hafifletebilmek için iç organlarını küçültebildiğini söylüyor.
Bacaklarına takılan renkli halkalar nedeniyle 4BBRW (Blue-mavi, Blue, Red-kırmızı, White-beyaz) adı verilen erkek kuş, gövdesine takılan beş gramlık bir vericiyle uydudan izlendi.
SAATTE 88 KİLOMETRE HIZ
Guardian gazetesinin haberine göre 4BBRW, üç kuşla birlikte 16 Eylül'de Alaska'dan yola çıktı. Sadece bu kuşa verici takıldı.
Kuşlar, güney istikametinde ilerleyip Aleut Adaları'nı geçerek Büyük Okyanus'a yöneldi. Kuşları Avustralya'ya doğru sürükleyen doğu rüzgarları nedeniyle yolculuğun uzadığı düşünülüyor.
ARALIKSIZ 11 GÜN UÇUŞLA DÜNYA REKORU
Uydu verilerine göre 11 gün sonra Auckland'deki bir koya inen 4BBRW, 12 bin 854 kilometrelik yol kat etti. Fakat uzmanlar hata payını düşerek gerçek uçuş mesafesini 12 bin 200 kilometre olarak hesapladı.
Daha önce kayıtlara geçen en uzun aralıksız uçuş rekoru 2007'de 11.680 kilometre yol kat eden 'E7' adlı başka bir kıyı çamur çulluğuna aitti.
'SANKİ YANLARINDA HARİTA TAŞIYORLAR'
Kuşların göçlerini izleyen Global Flyway Network adlı bilim insanları grubundan Dr. Jesse Conklin, "Dünyanın neresinde olduklarını bilme yetenekleri var gibi görünüyorlar. Tam açıklayamıyoruz ama sanki yanlarında harita taşıyorlar" diyerek şöyle konuştu:
"Pasifik'in ortasında; açık okyanusta günlerce uçuyorlar. Hiç kara yok. Sonra Yeni Kaledonya ve Papua Yeni Gine'ye geliyorlar. Burada bir sürü ada var. Belki kuşlara insanlarmış gibi bakıyor olabiliriz ama, sanki karayı görünce 'Dümen kırmalıyım yoksa Yeni Zelanda'yı kaçıracağım' diyorlar gibi."
HÇ UYUMUYOR OLABİLİRLER
Kesin olarak bilinmemekle birlikte, kuşların çoğu zaman kanat çırptıkları yolculukları sırasında hiç uyumadıkları düşünülüyor.
'SAVAŞ UÇAĞI GİBİ'
Dr. Conklin, "İnanılmaz bir yakıt-enerji oranları var. Pek çok avantaja sahipler. Savaş uçağı gibiler. Uzun, sivri kanatları ve kusursuz hatları onlara aerodinamik potansiyeli kazandırıyor" diyor.
Erkek kıyı çamur çull
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increase risk of diseases from heart attack to having low birth weight babies. It truly is an unknown problem in our community….but one that shouldn’t be ignored Link to Hygiene page. Periodontal disease means simply disease around (i.e “peri”) tooth (dont). It involves the breakdown of the the supporting foundations of teeth.
The tooth itself can be sound but have completely lost the bone supporting it. This can and often is completely painless with the only symptoms being bleeding when brushing or flossing the gum/ tooth border and bad taste or breath.
The gums may not have receded at all before the bone is lost irretrievably.
The key is keeping plaque away from between the gum and the tooth with brushes, floss and accessories like piksters. Our hygienists can remove plaque and its hardened equivalent “calculus” ( tartar in old jargon) before it can infiltrate too far down the root surface and begin destroying the bone. Once the bone is gone, it doesn’t grow back. The key to keeping your teeth is keeping enough bone around the roots.
What is regular or standard cleaning?
A regular cleaning is known as prophylaxis in dental terms. The Australian Dental Association describes a prophylaxis as removal of plaque, calculus and stains from the tooth structures.
Removal of plaque, calculus and stains is accomplished by dental instruments that scrape away the deposits from the teeth. A device called an ultrasonic scaler may also be used. This is followed with polishing with a soft rubber cup and pleasant tasting polishing paste or a polishing jet call a prophyjet.
Calculus is also known as tartar and is a hard, mineralized deposit, somewhat like cement, that is formed from the plaque in the mouth and the minerals in the person’s saliva.
Plaque is the soft, sticky substance that forms on teeth composed of bacteria and bacterial by-products.
A regular cleaning is recommended 6 monthly for persons who do not have any bone loss, periodontal disease, or infection around their teeth. There should also be no bleeding, mobility of teeth, receded areas where the gums have pulled away from the teeth, or gaps where the spaces around the roots of the teeth are exposed. In other words, the mouth should be health, with no gum and bone problems.
What is a root planing procedure?
Root planing removes bacteria and their toxins, calculus/tartar and diseased deposits from the surfaces of tooth roots. Scraping or scaling is required down the root surface to clean the “pockets” between the tooth root and the gum. Root planing is typically one of the first steps in treating periodontal disease. The aim is to reduce the depth of the diseased pockets and produce healthier tissue and anatomy to halt the bony destruction and allow easier cleaning and maintenance.
We use topical anaesthetic gel or other anaesthesia to ensure that this is not a painful experience.
What is periodontal maintenance?
If you have periodontal disease, you may require root planing to remove diseased deposits from the roots of your teeth. The removal of all the diseased tissue is called subgingival curettage. After the disease process is under control a regular cleaning is not appropriate anymore. Instead, you will require special on-going gum and bone care procedures to keep your mouth healthy.The Challenge of Gouache Painting
Painting with gouache can be a most absorbing occupation, providing that the student has arrived at a clear understanding of the various forms of technique associated with the medium. Conversely, to the inexperienced beginner expecting immediate success, it can be the most exasperating and frustrating of all media. Gouache painting, then, is a challenge to those who wish to excel in mastering its complexities.
Many people ask: “What is gouache?” The most fitting description is, “opaque watercolour”. This means that Chinese, or some other white, when mixed with pure watercolour, comes under the heading of “gouache”. There are several extensions to this basic idea, as suggested later in this article.
Obtaining the necessary materials presents no problems. White watercolour paper of different surface textures, from smooth to coarse grain, should be on hand, ready for use, according to the subject. For the beginner, smooth white drawing paper is admirable, as it enables the gouache medium to glide easily over the surface. The brushes commonly used for pure watercolour are also appropriate for general gouache painting. However, it is useful to have a couple of hogs hair oil brushes in order to get the texture of suggestive brush marks of a totally different character from those achieved by sable watercolour brushes. A small, closely fibred sponge must be included for sponging out certain passages of colour.
Pure watercolours, direct from the tube, are essential for gouache painting, as they remain moist and ready for mixing with white. Artists’ colourmen do not appear to sell colours labelled as “gouache”, but egg tempera colours can be obtained, which are adaptable to gouache painting; casein colours also come under the same heading – they are manufactured in the United States and until recently, were much in demand by American artists.
Woodland Scene, 15.5" x 19.5"
Poster colours also have all the qualities attributed to the gouache medium. They are inexpensive and can be purchased in large tubes. Unfortunately, they have a reputation for lacking in permanency. It would be interesting to find corroborative evidence showing for what length of time they do retain their original colours before fading, remembering that no oil is used to dilute these colours; water is the only medium for mixing and diluting gouache colours. It is generally known that oil-colour pictures fade after a long period of time – their length of permanency varies, according to the practical knowledge of the artist with regard to the durability of pigment mixed with oil. Rubens made a wise remark when he said “Oil is the enemy of pigment”. Pastel is the medium that holds the record for permanency of colour. La Tour’s masterly portrait pastels of the eighteenth century (many examples are in the Louvre, Paris) show no signs of fading. These colours remain bright and fresh, as though the artist only just finished his subject.
Before attempting to paint a picture with gouache colours, it is advisable to have some familiarity with the possibilities of glazing and direct colour treatment. I suggest a simple formula for glazing; on white drawing paper paint four separate colour blobs with pure watercolour, i.e. burnt sienna, French ultra-blue, cadmium orange and viridian. When dry, you can then have the fun of glazing over each of these four colours. The colour for glazing can be chosen at your discretion, but whichever colour you choose it must be mixed with a little Chinese or egg tempera white and generously diluted with clean water. An effective colour glaze can be made with ultramarine blue mixed with a little white. Try it over the four above-mentioned colours. The result is startling. The burnt sienna tint now looks subdued in tone and colour, with artistic benefit. The blue, although not quite so bright, retains its original colour, while the cadmium orange becomes a beautiful muted colour with no trace of hardness or crudity. The viridian loses its aggressive green and becomes more subtle in colour. Too much white mixed with colour is no good for glazing; it clouds the effect and loses the charm of luminosity. There are a great number of colours that can be used for glazing, in fact the range is unlimited. Keep your sable brushes in a state of perfect cleanliness. Mix enough glazing colour to cover the desired surface before starting to paint; a shortage of colour will ruin the picture, as it is impossible, in the process of painting, to remix the exact tint with which one started.
Direct colour painting with gouache must be executed with assurance. Tentative or timid handling of colour results in colour confusion, leaving no direct message. It is profitable to try out a few ideas on odd pieces of paper. Probably the most difficult item for the beginner is the problem of painting dark, rich colour, which ceases to be dark in tone when mixed with other colours. It is almost as effective as black, without being so opaque. Payne’s grey mixed with burnt sienna, cadmium red and a little egg tempera which makes a good deep colour, the richness of which can be intensified after drying by adding a wash of cadmium red in pure watercolour, or some other bright pure colour wash. Here again there is an unlimited field for investigation. With limited space, I can only throw out a few hints as a starting point to those who seek adventures in the fascinating pursuit of colour.
The coloured reproduction entitled Market Day, Besançon, France, is a striking example of one of the many interesting subjects awaiting the attention of artists in this remarkable city. It is not only a city of architectural interest, but it also has a famous university which attracts students from all over the world.
Market Day, Besançon, France, (20" x 15")
This reproduction displays two definite shadows; the one thrown on the wall of the building is almost vertical in its downward direction, thus leading the eye to the horizontal shadows spreading across the lower end of the picture. The massive formation of these two major shadows – diametrically opposed to each other – constitutes the main feature of the general composition. Another feature of almost paramount importance can be seen in the brilliant, sunlit, triangular tent cloth. Its general shape is strangely emphasized by the dark wall shadow behind and a further emphasis is added by the deep tone directly underneath the tent cloth covering.
Studying the colours in the reproduction, it becomes obvious that it would need more than one coat of paint to portray the dark colours associated with the two major shadows. The large vertical wall shadow and the lower horizontal shadows caught the eye so vividly that, after a sketchy pencil outline, I ignored the usual routine of building up the subject in progressive stages and promptly laid in the foundation shadows with a mixture of burnt sienna, Payne’s grey and cadmium orange with egg tempera white. Oher colours were then distributed over the remaining portions of the buildings, such as yellow ochre, white, delicate green and a touch of burnt sienna. The shadowy section on the extreme left-hand side of the building received the same colour treatment as the two major shadows situated on the right-hand side and across the lower end of the picture Payne’s grey mixed with alizarin crimson and burnt sienna helped to get deeper intensity of tone in the circular arch above the tent cloth and the same colours were added to give deeper tone to the dark shadows underneath the sunlit tent material.
The shadows resting on the sunlit tent material were painted in the first stage with a pure was of burnt sienna. After drying, a mixture of French blue, Chinese white and a little yellow ochre, together with plenty of clean water, were superimposed on the prepared burnt sienna ground tint. Glazing – or the washing of one colour over another – should be done quickly. The original colour underneath must not be disturbed, otherwise the painting will end in chaotic failure. The experienced artist is able, with adroit handling to suggest during the actual glazing a slight variation of tone and colour, without losing the all-over breadth of tone so vital for success.
The sharp passages of unbroken sunlight in this colour illustration, clearly noticeable in the vertical wall shadow on the right were suggested by wiping out the prepared ground colour with a small sponge well soaked in clean water. The immediate effect was one of luminosity. The sponge must be kept free from any colour before each application to the ground tint. Cadmium orange, so obvious in the colour reproduction, has been washed over the sponged out portions and blended into the surrounding colours. Finally, after drying, each passage of cadmium orange received a small touch of solid paint made with white and yellow ochre, thus retaining the feeling of luminosity previously gained by sponging out the dark ground colour.
Figures depicted in street scenes are usually incidental to the general composition. They look effective, without being too noticeable, when painted with simplicity. The addition of detail to a figure is liable to attract undue attention from the main conception of a subject. The black and white reproduction of two figures, featured here, was painted rapidly with no preparatory pencil drawing letting the brush function with suavity. It is admirable practice to suggest hundreds of figures, either with pure wash or gouache. To do so, without any trace of self-consciousness, is a delightful pastime, and helps automatically towards artistic progress.
Simple painting of figures before adding detail
There are certain structural formations in nature, such as the strata on the side of a mountain, the complexities of interesting red-tiled roofs, common to the South of France, Spain and Italy, the stubble of a cornfield after the harvest, and numerous other examples, that can each be painted with a simple technique. With a small sable brush paint direct on the white drawing paper the structural lines of strata, stubble, tiles, etc., with any dark gouache colour you may fancy. When dry, superimpose local colour on the prepared ground. This can be done either in pure watercolour wash or colour slightly mixed with white. Unless roughly treated, the gouache colour underneath will retain it shape and structural formation.
The Flooded Cavern subject came about by experimenting. Selecting a small piece of white drawing paper, I painted several bright colours, both light and dark in tone, covering the whole paper with meaningless daubs. With no conception of any sort of picture, I decided to stimulate the imagination by sponging out some of the colours. Looking at the results and hoping some motif would be visible, I discovered a faint suggestion of flooded-cavern. This gave me a clue for a definite subject, where I could improvise with artistic freedom with no responsibility to others or to myself. The black and white reproduction shows how I eventually evolved a picture from a unique source.
The Flooded Cavern, 16" x 20"
The reproduction of A Back Canal, Venice, makes a striking composition of dramatic force. There is no subtlety of delicate tone against other delicate tones. The whole composition is a straight-forward rendering of dark versus light, the former occupying the greater amount of space, thus making the smaller quantity of light more valuable through contrast. The picture was started without any pencil or charcoal lines for guidance, thus allowing plenty of liberty for free and decisive painting. On the other hand, it requires a certain amount of courage to paint with so bold a technique, but with gouache as a medium mistakes are easily remedied. Any noticeable drawing seen in the reproduction, such as the distant sunlit buildings and the windows and doors of the buildings on each side of the canal, was indicated in the final stages of the painting. I find it useful to make a miniature colour sketch before starting the actual picture to plan or allocate the relative positions of light and shadow, particularly when tackling a powerful subject.
A Back Canal, Venice, 19.5" x 14"
The dark buildings in shadow on each side of the canal were painted in the same manner as the darker shadows in the Besançon picture, viz., a solid coat of burnt sienna mixed with Payne’s grey and Chinese white. Later, cadmium orange and various passages of grey were superimposed on different parts of the dark buildings. With the help of plenty of water, the two opposing colours were allowed to blend when necessary, without losing their identity.
The first painting for the walls and roofs of the central sunlit buildings consisted of delicate washes of grey mingling with yellow ochre. The combined tone of these two colours gave substance to the walls. After drying, it was comparatively simple to suggest brilliant sunlight by painting solidly over the prepared ground tints with yellow ochre mixed with egg tempera white. The roofs were painted with touches of light brown, cadmium orange and warm purple.
Detail of a dark-toned crumbling wall surface
Ancient walls with crumbling surfaces invariably interest artists. The Venetian canal reproduction gives ample evidence of broken texturous walls. Without being too obtrusive in a picture, they can be painted with enough skill to attract attention, but not at the expense of the main subject. The black and white reproduction of a crumbling wall surface conveys a clear idea of simple handling. It is painted in two tones, one light, the other dark. The ground tone colour was painted first. No further explanations are necessary, as the reproduction demonstrates the final answer.
A Typical French Market, (15" x 19")
A Typical French Market, like most market scenes, is a subject of animation and lively interest. In this particular instance there is an all-over feeling of scintillating light. Even the shadows breathe of the sunny atmosphere so prevalent in the outdoor scene. The composition had to be organised in order to give precedence to the striking effect of sunlight. Although nature can be lavish with suggestions of light and shadow, the artist is the judge of where he will eventually place different items to suit his own creative outlook. The dark-coloured figures are given a decided emphasis against the delicate surrounding tones. The vertical hanging tent cloth on the left side – somewhat ragged in places – gives a picturesque background to the two dark figures in front. The sunlight breaking through the holes in the cloth and spreading over some of the vegetables on the stall was most interesting to paint, while at the same time demonstrating the practical value of gouache as a medium.
One can either paint a solid picture direct with gouache, rather like a thin oil painting, or glaze lighter colours over a dark ground tint. Occasionally, both techniques can be used with advantage in the same picture and when desirable, certain passages of pure watercolour afford a pleasant contrast to surrounding gouache colours.
The painter who has mastered the technique of gouache possesses a medium of many potentialities which can take him a long way towards fulfilment in art.
This article is taken from volume fifty seven of The Artist which covers March 1959 - August 1959
To subscribe to The Artist, click here.As builders and developers rush to attain LEED accreditation for their new homes, some wonder if the LEED certifications need to be amended to allow for testing of indoor air quality.
Tom Silva of This Old house always stressed the air exchange within a home. Keeping a home energy efficient is important but a home shouldn’t be airtight. This can cause off-gasses and chemicals to build up. If you’ve got two homes and one of them is LEED certified platinum and the other isn’t but both are airtight, its easy to conclude the LEED home will still be safer due to the non-VOC paints used and other more environmentally friendly building materials but a non-LEED certified home that has proper air exchange and circulation most likely has a better air-index quality score.
There is a movement to push LEED to add this to their certification program but before they do that you should always consider the indoor air quality of your home whether you are building green or not.
[via the Infrastructurist]Is it true that we'll be able to see meteors tonight?
Perhaps. Clouds are clearing in many areas, and that bodes well for the Lyrid meteor shower. Those meteors are dust particles from the Comet Thatcher, dust particles colliding with the earth's atmosphere at speeds of 110,000 mph. Typically, about 10 to 15 meteors or meteorites are visible per hour. However, this year, we have a 'new' moon, which means dark skies...and conditions favorable for seeing more meteors. Incidentally, the peak of the Lyrid shower is actually Saturday evening/early Sunday morning. That's when I plan to look for some.Son zamanlarda, Hindistan 75 yıllık bağımsızlığını kutladı. In fikri Amrit Kaal bunu önümüzdeki yirmi beş yıla, Hindistan’ın Bağımsızlığının 100. yılını kutlayacağı 2047’ye kadar uzatıyor. 2023 Hindistan’ı 194
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out laying flat, like a sheet of paper. Then it springs up, almost lifelike, and folds into moveable parts much like origami art. And then it crawls away.
This new kind of robot could someday be used in space exploration, to slide into collapse sites to aid search and rescue, or to speed up manufacturing on assembly lines, experts said Thursday.
While this particular machine's march to the world market is still years away, the report in the journal Science said the latest advances open the way to a new frontier in personalised robotics.
Not only is the material cheap - it cost just US$100 (S$125) - it could be easily reprogrammed from one task to another, said Sam Felton, a researcher at Harvard University's Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering and School of Engineering and Applied Sciences.
"In the same way that if you have a Word document and you want to change few words, you just reprint it at your home computer, you could take a robot's digital plan, change a few things and reprint it," Felton told reporters.
The thin robot is built of layers, including paper, a middle layer of copper etched into a network of electrical leads, and an outer layer of shape-memory polymer that folds when heated.
Once the batteries and motor are activated, the robot folds itself much like a child's Transformer toy, and scuttles away like a crab.
Felton said the total start-up costs for equipment used to make the robot were around US$11,000.
The origami machine itself cost US$80 for batteries and motor, and US$20 for materials.
"If we were to build a new one it would cost another US$100," he said.
Other potential uses could include self-assembling furniture, or even shelters that build themselves in disaster zones.
"The exciting thing here is that you create this device that has computation embedded in the flat, printed version," explained Daniela Rus, professor of electrical engineering and computer science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
"And when these devices lift up from the ground into the third dimension, they do it in a thoughtful way." The team hopes that commercial uses for the robots will grow in the years to come. In the meantime, its early tasks and functions may be incremental in nature.
"Since we are an academic lab, we try and come up with the most interesting and challenging problems, not necessarily the most practical," said Felton.
"In space, maybe it would be too hard to build a completely self-folding satellite but maybe you would just have the solar panels deploy using shape memory materials, and that would be a very easy and short-term addition."
The research was funded by the National Science Foundation, the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Research at Harvard, and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research.
The researchers plan to present their work at the Sixth International Meeting on Origami in Science, Mathematics and Education in Tokyo from August 10-13.Yaz ayları ne çabuk geçti değil mi? Sonbahar mevsiminin de kendine özgü güzellikleri var, bunun farkına varmalısınız! Hatta bunu fırsata da çevirebilirsiniz. Yunanistan’da sonbaharda tatil yapmak, yaz aylarına göre daha ucuz ve az masraflı olacaktır. Hem de yaz aylarındaki hava sıcaklıklarında! Yunanistan’da sonbahar tatilini keşfetmeye hazır mısınız?
Sonbaharda (eylül, ekim, kasım) boyunca, Yunanistan’da hava tatil için idealdir. Kırsal yerler sonbahar güneşiyle yıkanır, deniz yüzmek için uygun sıcaklıktadır, tatil köyleri biraz daha sessizdir ve toprak bütün cömertliğiyle zeytin, üzüm, yağ ve şarap sunmaktadır. Sonbahar, Yunanistan’da doğa büyülüdür. Ağaçlar rengini değiştirdikçe, kırmızı ve turuncu renginin tadını çıkarın. Sonbahar yağmurları ile doğaya yayılan kokuyu içinize çekin.
Sonbaharda Yunanistan’ı ziyaret etmek için 10 sebep
- Meteora, en güzel halini sonbaharda alır.
- Girit adasında üzüm hasadına katılın.
- Mora yarımadasında (Peloponnese) zeytin hasadını kutlayın.
- Plajların tadını sonbaharda çıkarabilirsiniz.
- Deniz suyunun hala çok sıcak olduğu Yunan adalarında ucuz tatil fırsatını yakalayın.
- Yürüyüş için ideal iklimin tadını çıkarın.
- Eski kalıntıları kalabalıklarla savaşmadan keşfedin.
- Denizde bir günlük gezi için daha uygun fiyatlarla yelkenli kiralayın.
- Lüks konaklamalar için daha az ödeyin.
- Daha otantik bir deneyimin tadını çıkarın.
Yunanistan’da sonbahar, güneş ve deniz
Sonbahar size gerçekten farklı bir şey denemek için sayısız fırsatlar sunacak. Üzümleri hasat edildiği eylül ayında, Yunanistan’ın en gelişmiş şaraphanelerini ziyaret etmenin tam zamanıdır. Bir ay sonra – Eylül ayının sonu ve Ekim ayının başına doğru – daha kırsal ve sarhoş edici bir deneyim için, Girit’te üzümlerin derisinden ve sapından rakı yapanları bulmaya çalışın.
Daha sonra sonbaharda, Ekim ve Kasım aylarında, Yunanistan’da ki tatiliniz sürprizlerle dolu olacak: büyük zeytinliklerde yerel halk zeytinlerini toplar. Çiftlik turizmi için bir çiftlikte kalarak yöresel meslek ve ürünler hakkında bilgi edinebilirsiniz. Ve günlük işlere yardımcı olun. Kendinizi ne kadar iyi hissedeceğinizi bir düşünün. Sonbaharda Yunanistan gerçekten keyifli bir deneyimdir!
Sonbaharda Yunanistan’da gezilecek yerler
Yunanistan’da tatillerin farklı bir yanını keşfetme zamanı. Yunanistan’da sonbahar tatili, sessiz kozmopolit adalar, Atina’ya yakın Argosaronic adaları keşfetme ve kısa bir hafta sonu tatili için gür bitki örtüsüne sahip Ege Adaları’nı ziyaret etme anlamına gelir. Evia’nın uzun plajlarına ve sık ormanlarına ya da plaj ve dağ zevkini bir arada yaşayabileceğiniz Pelion’a çıkın. Ağustos’ta esen kuzey rüzgârları denizi yatıştırdığı için, sonbahar, Ege ya da İyonya’da denize açılmak için harikadır.
Sonbaharda doğa bütün büyüsüyle karşınızda. Nasıl seyahat ederseniz edin, kırmızıya ve altın sarısına bürünmüş ormanları hoşunuza gidecek. Monemvasia’da – bir kale şehri – romantik bir sonbahar tatili geçirmenin şimdi tam zamanıdır, fakat Nafplion ve Nafpaktos, Venedik kale ve limanları ile sonbahar tatili için uygundur. Adalarda ve ana karada bulunan eski yollarda uzun bir yürüyüşe çıkın ya da Yunanistan’ın genelinde bulunan Bizans’tan kalma muhteşem kilise ve manastırlara olan saygınızı gösterin.
Eğer bir şehirli iseniz, Atina ve Selanik’i Yunanlılar gibi tanıyabilirsiniz. Sonbaharda her iki şehirde, farklı bir ritim ve eşsiz ruhunu yeniden kazanır. Yürüyerek dolaşın, yorulana kadar alışveriş yapın, muhteşem müzelerine ve öncü galerilerine bir göz atın, oyuna ya da bir konsere gidin, ancak hepsinden öte gece manzarasını keşfedin.
Yunanistan’da Ekim ayında hava hala sıcak mı?
Deniz sıcaklığı Ekim ayında hala ılık ve çoğu gün güneşli geçer. Pek çok işletme, daha az kalabalığa rağmen açıktır ve tabii ki bu sezonda harika fırsatlar bulabilirsiniz. Mikonos’u ziyaret etmek için en iyi zaman, kalabalıkların azaldığı, suyun ılık kaldığı ve yakıcı sıcakların geçtiği bir mevsimdir.
Ekim ayında hangi Yunan adası en sıcak?
Girit, ekim ayında en sıcak Yunan adası olduğunu söyleyebiliriz ve görülecek ve yapılacak çok şey var. Deniz suyu da yüzmek için yeterince ılık, sonbahar güneşi Yunanistan tatili için iyi bir seçim olacaktır.
Ekim, Yunan adalarını ziyaret etmek için iyi bir zaman mı?
Yunanistan’ın Yunan adalarını ve plajlarını ziyaret etmek için en iyi zaman sonbahar mevsimidir, havanın çok güzel olduğu ve az yağışlı olduğu Mayıs ayının sonundan Ekim ayının başına kadar yaz sezonu sürer. Fakat sonbaharda Yunanistan’da tatil yapmak her zaman tercih edilebilir. Yakıcı güneş ışınlarından korunur, güvenli tatil yaparsınız. Deniz sıcaklığı yaz boyunca ısınır Ağustos ve Eylül aylarında en yüksek ısıya çıkar.
Yunanistan’da ekim ayında yüzülür mü?
Ekim ayında Yunanistan’da yüzebilir miyim? Evet ve kesinlikle! Özellikle Yunanistan’ın güney kesimlerinde hava sıcaklığı yüksek ve yaz ayları boyunca ısınan deniz suyu en sıcak olduğu dönemde olacaktır.
Yunanistan’da Ekim ayının sonunda hava nasıl?
Atina ya da kuzey bölgelerde hava sıcaklığı sonbahar aylarında düşmeye başlar, hava durumu Ekim ayında ve özellikle geceleri önemli ölçüde soğumaya başlar. Bu ayın ortalama sıcaklığı 19 ° C (66 ° F), ortalama düşük ise 15 ° C (59 ° C) ve ortalama yüksek 23 ° C (73 ° F). Fakat Girit ve Rodos adası gibi güneyde kalan Yunan adaları, yaz tatilini aratmayacak sıcaklıkları korumaya devam eder.Mentorlar/Rehberler ve Kullanıcılar için self-Learn e-Kılavuzları
self-Learn'nün güçlü zorluğu, öğrencilere kendilerini kendi başlarına geliştirmelerini teklif etmesinden gelir; Son kullanıcının uygulamayı tek başına başlatamaması durumunda mentorların/rehberlerin yardım sunmalarına izin verilir. Dolayısıyla, düşük vasıflı yetişkinler üzerindeki en önemli etki, öğrenme çabaları sırasında sosyal baskıyı bir kenara bırakarak kendilerini kişisel gelişim için motive etmeleri ve öğrenme isteksizliklerinin üstesinden gelmeleri, bu isteksizliğin başarısızlık korkusu nedeniyle cesaret kırılmasından kaynaklanmasıdır.
Bu nedenle, self-Learn düşük vasıflı yetişkinler üzerindeki en önemli etkisi, kullanıcılarımız artık temel becerilerini geliştirmeye istekli ve istekli olmasına rağmen, utanç faktörü de dahil olmak üzere tüm engelleri ortadan kaldırmak ve kişisel gelişimleri için yeni ufuklar açmaktır. Buna paralel olarak, self-Learn'ün mevcut düşük vasıflı yetişkinlerine beceri geliştirme çabalarında rehberlik etmeyi/desteklemeyi amaçlayan aile üyeleri veya yakın arkadaşlar, sistematik bir araç ve yaklaşıma sahip olacaktır. Örneğin bir kız/oğul, anne/babasının beceri geliştirme çabalarını desteklemeye istekliyse; Bu amaca ulaşmak için aşağıdaki bağlantı aracılığıyla çevrimiçi olarak sunulan self-Learn'ın rehberlik aracı sayesinde daha iyi durumda olacaklar. Bu nedenle, self-Learn'ün öncelikli amacı, düşük vasıflı yetişkinlerin kısa ve orta vadede kişisel gelişimlerinde daha ileri adım atmalarını engelleyen pratik yaşam engellerini kaldırmaktır; bu da asgari olarak özgüvenin, kendini geliştirme yeteneğinin ve istihdam edilebilirliğin artmasına yol açacaktır. Ayrıca, beceri geliştirme bireylerin refahını artıracak (istihdam edilebilirliğin artması ve/veya daha iyi istihdama paralel olarak) orta/uzun vadede daha zengin/daha varlıklı yaşamlara yol açacaktır.
Bazı düşük vasıflı yetişkinlerin Uygulamayı yükleme, başlatma ve/veya ötesinde zorluklarla karşılaşmasına paralel olarak; aile üyeleri/yakın akrabalar tarafından rehberlik/danışmanlık yapılması, bu kullanıcı grubuna yönelik aşağıda ayrı “rehberlik” ve “eğitim” ile organize edilmektedir. Düşük vasıflı yetişkinlerin kişisel gelişimleri için nasıl ele alınacağı ve teşvik edileceğine ilişkin tavsiyeler/talimatlar ve Uygulamanın nasıl kullanılacağına ilişkin talimatlar, sistematik ve didaktik bir şekilde belgelenmiştir.
Son olarak, düşük vasıflı yetişkinlerin rehberleri/akıl hocaları tarafından yönlendirilmesi, düşük vasıflı yetişkinlerin hala başlama konusunda tereddüt etmesi durumunda bir tür yedektir.
e-Kılavuzun ikinci sürümü, son kullanıcıların Uygulama kullanımını hedeflemektedir.Kaza, Team Penske-Chevrolet pilotu Josef Newgarden, 5. viraja girilmeden önce 4. virajın çıkışında çizgiden taşıp çime çıkmasıyla tetiklendi.
Antrenman turlarındaki şaft probleminin ardından yarışa 17. sıradan başlayan Herta’nın takım arkadaşı Hunter-Reay, direksiyonu sağa kırıp biraz frenlese de kazadan kaçamayan bir başka pilot oldu ve Penske’nin aracının ön kısmına çarptı.
8. sırada bulunan Newgarden, çizgiden taşarak çimlere değdi ve aracın kontrolünü kaybederek pistin ortasına doğru spin attı.
Hunter-Reay’ın Twitter hesabından paylaştığı ekran görüntüleri, Newgarden’ın ön lastiğinin Hunter-Reay’ın aracının aeroscreen’ine saatte 200 km hızla çarptığını açıkça gözler önüne seriyor.
2012 IndyCar şampiyonu ve 2014 Indy500 kazananı Hunter-Reay, sosyal medya hesaplarından paylaştığı açıklamada şu ifadelere yer verdi: ‘’Unutulası bir hafta sonuydu. Antrenman ve sıralama turlarında şaft problemleri yaşadık. Sonrasında ise ilk turdaki zincirleme kazaya karışınca yarışımız daha başlamadan bitti. IndyCar, aeroscreen için size minnettarım. Muhtemelen hayatımı kurtaran şey oydu.”
Konu hakkında konuşan Gosselin, ‘’Evet, takımın geliştiğini düşünüyorum, şimdi sadece bunu pistte göstermek kaldı.’’ ‘’O yüzden bu hafta sonu iyi bir iş çıkarmamız gerek. #28’i ait olduğu yere yeniden çıkarmak için tamamen konsantre olmuş durumdayız.’’ ifadelerini kullandı.Segnalo un articolo di Simon Nixon pubblicato sul Wall Street Journal del 28 Gennaio.
“Un taglio del debito della Grecia – scrive a un certo punto Nixon – sembra fuori discussione. La Germania e la Finlandia hanno già espresso la loro opposizione, altri governi sono sulla stessa lunghezza d’onda.
Grazie ai bailout precedenti, la Grecia gode già, rispetto a qualsiasi governo della zona euro, di scadenze del debito più lunghe e di tassi di interesse tra i più bassi, in proporzione al PIL. Qualche ulteriore allentamento delle condizioni di rimborso è possibile, ma i governi europei non sono disposti ad essere generosi nei confronti dei contribuenti greci quando i contribuenti nei loro paesi sono tartassati. Coloro che sostengono che la volontà degli elettori greci debba essere rispettata dimenticano che anche gli altri 18 membri della zona euro hanno mandati democratici.
Un ostacolo potenzialmente più grande è la questione del programma di riforme della Grecia. Qui, è la Spagna, piuttosto che la Germania che può rivelarsi l’avversario più implacabile di Tsipras. Per Madrid è scontato che qualsiasi accordo con il leader greco debba essere basato su impegni di riforma almeno altrettanto duri rispetto a quelli concordati con l’ex primo ministro Antonis Samaras. Qualsiasi cedimento rispetto a questo rappresenterebbe una vittoria per Tsipras e rafforzerebbe il nuovo partito della sinistra radicale spagnola, Podemos.
Il governo spagnolo ritiene che la svolta nella sua economia – una previsione di crescita vicina al 3% per il prossimo anno e una disoccupazione scesa di 400.000 unità nel 2014 – è la prova che un robusto programma di riforme pro-market è l’unica strada per uscire dalla crisi. Secondo fonti vicine al Governo, Madrid ritiene che sarebbe interesse della Spagna e della zona euro far uscire la Grecia dalla zona euro, piuttosto che rafforzare Podemos e mettere a rischio la ripresa.
In altre parole, per Eurolandia potrebbe essere necessario sacrificare la Grecia per salvare la Spagna.”
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Peccato che i Paesi dell’Europa del Sud si comportino come i capponi di Renzo Tramaglino che si beccavano l’un l’altro, invece di fare fronte comune nelle trattative con la Germania e l’Europa del nord. (LZ)功能：若何叫‘进级版的耶稣的葬礼’...
使用说明：回覆战北城的
软件介绍：先喝杯水
你去车上把那份资料拿过来.
不要走
柳眉伸展了良多
需要的时辰...
才淡然启齿...
主要功能：感谢感动你
软件名称：紧紧收在一路...
就要星夜后果立崖岸
倏忽一道白影闪了过来
我担忧会影响到孙蜜斯
没有甚么升沉的波澜
温氏这边经由之前的婚变闹剧名声已承遭到必定的损失踪踪
那位置已空了
;替星夜烧水泡好茶”“
还得好好奖励他Color in Art is a book that explores colours as they used in paintings from history.
There are over 200 artworks featured, includes mostly paintings but there are also other ornaments, statues, etc. Art historian Stefano Zuffi looks at each one and talks about the significance of the colours as they are used in the art, and
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Küçük kız kameralardan oldukça sıkılmışa benziyor. öyle ki, artık etrafında kamera görür görmez huysuzlaşıyor ve bağırmaya başlıyor.
"Sosyal medyada yayılan olay birçok insan tarafından eleştirildi. Bir Twitter kullanıcısı, "Ne biçim bir dünyada yaşıyoruz. çocukları rahat bırakın!" diye yazarken; bir diğeri "Bu yaşta kendini bu şekilde ifade etmesi, işin en üzücü kısmı. North West herhangi bir çocuk gibi yaşamayacak mı?" dedi.به گزارش مملکت آنلاین، با اعلام رئیس کمیته رویدادها ، لیگ برتر والیبال امسال با نام سردار شهید حاج قاسم سلیمانی از دوم آبانماه با شرکت ۱۴ تیم پیکان، سایپا، فولاد مبارکه سپاهان، فولاد سیرجان، شهرداری ارومیه، شهرداری گنبد، شهداب یزد، شهرداری ورامین، مس رفسنجان، پاس گرگان، آذرباتری ارومیه، راهیاب ملل مریوان، هورسان رامسر و لبنیات هراز آمل به صورت رفت و برگشت در چارچوب پروتکل های بهداشتی ستاد مبارزه با کرونا برگزار شود.
وی تصریح کرد: بدین ترتیب پس از پایان مرحله دوره ای، هشت تیم برتر در مرحله پلی آف برای تعیین مقام اول تا هشتم مسابقه میدهند و شش تیم پایین جدول هم مقامهای نهم تا چهاردهم را تعیین خواهند کرد.
عظیمی با بیان اینکه نحوه برگزاری مسابقات مطابق با نظرات حداکثری مدیران عامل و سرمربیان تیمها تعیین شده است، افزود: در جلسه ای که با مدیران عامل و سرمربیان باشگاه های لیگ برتر در اردیبهشتماه سال جاری داشتیم در این خصوص بحث و تبادل نظر شد و در نهایت این مدل برگزاری با حداکثر نظرات مثبت مورد موافقت قرار گرفت.
انتهای پیام/Il crollo delle azioni di Facebook fa bruciare al fondatore 5 miliardi di dollari in pochi giorni.
Soltanto quattro mesi fa, Mark Zuckerberg pareva destinato a balzare in avanti nella classifica degli uomini più ricchi del mondo grazie alla quotazione in Borsa della sua creatura, Facebook.
Invece, l'esordio disastroso - le azioni sono scese da 38 a 26 dollari - ha provocato l'effetto contrario, stando a quanto rivela Bloomberg: il giovane miliardario è uscito dalla classifica delle 40 persone più facoltose.
L'articolo continua qui sotto.
Lo scorso 18 maggio, Zuckerberg possedeva una fortuna valutata in 19,4 miliardi di dollari: oggi gliene restano "appena" 14,7, e tutto per colpa del crollo delle azioni di Facebook, crollo che per Bloomberg ha suggellato «il peggior esordio in Borsa degli ultimi 10 anni»
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Il recente matrimonio potrà forse consolare un po' il fondatore del social network, il quale comunque non si trova certo a fronteggiare la povertà, ma l'intera vicenda fa riflettere sul valore spropositato attribuito inizialmente alle azioni, tanto cha alcuni analisti hanno messo sotto accusa il funzionamento stesso del NASDAQ.MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) is a diagnostic modality in which images are obtained by placing the patient in a very strong magnetic field that uses radio waves to generate images of the body. The radio waves are sent back from tissues in the body. Different tissues send back different responses; therefore, diseased or injured tissues send back different responses than healthy tissues. The images are processed by a computer in slices, like a loaf of bread, and sent to the radiologist for interpretation. Since there is not any danger of radiation exposure, additional images can be obtained without exposing the patient to an increased risk. MRI can produce images in each of the cardinal planes (coronal, sagittal and transverse). MRI can provide important diagnostic information about all parts of the body including the brain and neck, spine, thorax, musculoskeletal system, abdomen, pelvis and internal organs, as well as numerous pediatric applications. It is also used to evaluate tumors, stroke, infections and injuries associated with muscles and joints.
Magnetic Resonance Angography (MRA)
MRA (magnetic resonance angiography) is a non-invasive technique used to image vascular anatomy looking at blood vessels and blood flow. It utilizes MR technology to detect, diagnose, and aid in the treatment of heart disorders, stroke, and blood vessel diseases. It is viewed upon as a desirable screening method for those patients suspected of having vascular disease of the main arteries of the body, including the carotid arteries in the neck, the aorta in the chest and abdomen, and the vessels supplying blood to the arms and legs. It can help healthcare providers plan effective treatment. Some people may feel nervous or uncomfortable about having the scan, but the scan itself is painless. Knowing what to expect and how to prepare for the MRA scan can help the scan go more smoothly because it allows the patient to relax.
Hi-Field MRI/MRA – 1.5 Tesla
Phased Array Coils for High Quality Imaging
Fast Imaging Package
Complete MR Angiography Capabilities
Virtual MRI – watch a favorite movie/DVD or listen to a favorite CD. Relax during the MRI with increased patient comfort and reduced claustrophobia
Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DW-MRI) provides a unique form of MR contrast that enables the diffusional motion of water molecules to be quantitatively measured. Using MRI, images can be produced in which diffusion of water molecules in the brain is the dominant source of contrast. Diffusion-weighted provides information about the size, shape, integrity, and orientation of brain structures. DW-MRI has been shown to be of great clinical utility in the assessment of patients with cerebral ischemia, multiple sclerosis (MS), children with sickle cell anemia, children with epilepsy, and acute strokes.
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy shows changes in brain chemistry that may occur in certain areas of the brain. These changes may help diagnose diseases that affect the brain.
MR Flow Analysis Studies
MR CSF Flow study is performed to examine the aqueductal flow and void of cerebrospinal fluid. MR CSF Flow study is performed to examine the aqueductal flow and void of cerebrospinal fluid showing the areas of narrowing within the ventricular system such as the aqueduct.
During the Exam
The technologist will review your paperwork to ensure that you are a candidate for a MRI exam. You may be asked to wear a gown during your exam. You will be positioned on a padded table which will slide into the scanner. You will be able to communicate with the technologist throughout the exam. During your exam you will hear a series of knocking sounds. These sounds are normal. To diminish the noise, you will be offered earplugs or music during your exam. You will need to relax and not move during your exam.
HI-FIELD MRI – This scanner is cylinder shaped with both ends open and has a high-powered magnet that is best for high detail. Ask your technologist about the availability of audio/visual equipment.
After the Exam
Sedation – Arrangements can be made to give you a sedative. An adult driver will need to accompany you to your appointment. Please see preparations for sedation.
Virtual MRI – You may be able to watch a movie, listen to your favorite CD, and relax during the MRI. This will increase comfort and reduce claustrophobia. Ask the scheduler to make note of this accommodation when scheduling the appointment.نچ نچ نچ نچ! عجب وضع بدی شده! ای دادِ بیداد! حالا چیکار کنیم؟ "آقا" اصلا پیش بینی نمی کردم این درخواست نامهنگاری محمد نوری زاد، کار را به این جاها بکشاند. حالا ما چه جوری شما را از دست طرفداران سابق تان نجات دهیم؟ نامه ی بسیجی سابق، علیرضا پور پیرعلی را که خطاب به شما خواندم، مو به تنم سیخ شد. گفتم ف.میم نگاه کن تو سال هاست داری برای آقا نامه می نویسی، تا حالا این طوری عصبانی و خشمگین نامه ننوشته بودی. یعنی اصلا با وجود مخالفت صد در صد با آقا و حکومت اش از "جناب" و "آقا" و "آقایِ" و "آیت الله" به او کمتر نگفته بودی. ببین این جوان چه جوری جان به لب شده که برداشته این طور خطاب به آقا نامه نوشته.
بعد دو سه بار سرم را به راست و چپ تکان تکان دادم که یعنی خیلی متعجب و متحیرم و عقل ام به این چیزها قد نمی دهد. آخه چطو شد که اینطور شد؟! آقا، شما خودت جوابی برای این سوال داری؟
حالا که دارم این نامه سوم را برای شما می نویسم، اجازه بدهید این را هم خدمت تان بگویم، که درست است که من ضد انقلاب تشریف دارم، و وابسته به امریکای جنایتکار و صهیونیسم بین الملل می باشم، اما بیشتر از این که به انقلاب کردن و سرنگونی حکومت اسلامی شما فکر کنم، به فردای روز انقلاب فکر می کنم که باید شماها را از دست جماعت خشمگینی که حالا می بینم تعداد زیادی شان هم هوادار سابق خود شما بوده اند نجات دهم و نگذارم پای تان به دادگاه نرسیده، با شما کاری را بکنند که با قذافی مادر مرده کردند. دیدید که با او چه کردند؟ اوخ اوخ اوخ. اول اش او را حسابی زدند. بعد یارو، سر نیزه را به طرز خیلی اسلامی –یعنی همان طرزی که ماموران شما در کهریزک عمل می کنند- کرد توی ماتحت سرهنگ. بعد، یکی این دست اش را گرفت، یکی آن دست اش را و دعوا شد سر محلی که باید او را ببرند. به قول دائی جان، "آقا قیامتی شد". طرف که نمی خواست شکار خودش را دست رقیب اش بدهد، با تپانچه زد سرهنگ را کشت. بدبخت با چه خفتی مُرد. مرگ دو نفر یعنی سه نفر شاید هم چهار نفر بد جوری خفت انگیز بود: یکی اش همین قذافی، دومی و سومی، چائوشسکو و زن بدبخت اش، و چهارمی هم صدام یزید کافر
حالا من دارم به این فکر می کنم که منِ ضدانقلاب و وابسته به شبکه های جاسوسی بین المللی، چه جوری شما را در فردای انقلاب از دست کسانی مثل این علیرضا خان نجات دهم. می دانید آخر، اِشکال کار در اینجاست که اگر اقدام به نجات شما بکنیم، ممکن است بزنند خودِ ما را بکشند، بعد عکس مان را بیندازند توی روزنامه ها، بگویند این یارو ف.میم.سخن داشت از آقای خامنه ای طرفداری می کرد که یک نفر اپوزیسیون او را به هلاکت رساند. شما بفرمایید من که از همان سال اول و دوم انقلاب، ضد انقلاب صهیونیست هستم، این بی آبرویی را چه جوری تحمل کنم؟
آی آی آی... کارِ ما در فردای روز سقوط شما خیلی دشوار خواهد بود. یکی نجات جان شما و عمله اکره ی شما –از طائب و نقدی گرفته تا شریعتمداری و ضرغامی- برای صحیح و سالم تحویل دادن آن ها به دادگاه. حالا دادگاه بخواهد تا تصویب قانون ضد اعدام، شما و آن ها را از جرثقیل آویزان کند، یا هر چی، خودش می داند. فکر می کنم آن وقت شما بر خلاف امروز خواهان این شَوی که هیئت های بی طرف بین المللی و حقوق بشری و جیمی کارتر در محاکمه ی شما حضور یابند. البته من ترجیح می دهم شما را تا آخر عمر پشت میله ها ببینم و از زجری که از پیشرفت ایران و شادی بچه های ایران می برید لذت ببرم. کار بعدی، جلوگیری از با خاک یکسان کردن حوزه های علمیه در قم و مشهد و جاهای دیگر و آویزان کردن طلاب بدبخت بی گناه از درخت و چیزهای دراز دیگر است. بعد... اصلا ولش کن... این ها را می گویم ممکن است شما شب کابوس ببینی و زندگی برایت زهر شود.
فقط آقا، این آقعلیرضا گفت "بچرخ تا بچرخیم"، شما با این جسم ناقص ات چه جوری می خواهی بچرخی؟ این بچه ها یکی بزنند به شما، شما مثل پوستر می چسبی به دیوار. توجه کن که به نقدی و قاسمی و گردن کلفت های سپاه و بسیج نگفته بچرخ تا بچرخیم بلکه به شخص شخیص شما گفته. من که حاضر نیستم این صحنه را ببینم. خلاصه آقا خواستم در این نامه به شما بگویم، درست است که خیلی به من بد کردید و جوانیِ من و امثال مرا تباه کردید، ولی به نظرم می رسد که باید کمک تان کنم. ببین آخر عمری به چه کارهایی وادار می شویم. بیکار بودی آقای نوری زاد سرِ این دُمَل را باز کردی؟Shea butter is made from the nuts of an African tree called the Karite Nut tree. Most nuts can make dogs sick--don't let your dog eat any shea butter. Cocoa butter is not toxic to dogs, but you still probably shouldn't let your dog eat it.
Shea Butter's Toxicity
Even though shea butter is diluted by water, it is still made from nuts, which are toxic to dogs. Most types of nuts are dangerous to dogs because of they contain high levels phosphorus, which can cause bladder stones, tremors in the skeletal muscles and paralysis of the hind legs. If your dog has consumed a toxic amount of nuts, symptoms can include difficulty getting up, panting and painful, swollen limbs.
Cocoa Butter vs. Chocolate
Even though cocoa butter and chocolate are made from the cacao plant, cocoa butter doesn't contain theobromine. Since white chocolate is made from cocoa butter, it also does not contain theobromine, but it does contain sugar, which is bad for dogs.
Theobromine is the chemical in chocolate that makes it toxic to dogs. Theobromine can cause vomiting, diarrhoea and an irregular or increased heart rate, which can result in death.
Why Cocoa Butter Isn't Toxic
Chocolate and cocoa butter are made from the nib of the cacao plant. The nib is first ground into chocolate liquor, and the cocoa butter is extracted from it. Cocoa butter doesn't retain any theobromine from the chocolate liquor when it is extracted. The nib is made of about 55 per cent cocoa butter.
Nine mg of theobromine per pound of a dog's body weight will cause mild symptoms of theobromine poisoning. Severe symptoms will occur when your dog consumes 18 mg of theobromine for every pound of body weight. Milk chocolate has 44 mg of theobromine per ounce. Semisweet chocolate has 150 mg of theobromine per ounce and baking chocolate has 390 mg of theobromine per ounce.
If your dog has consumed shea butter, cocoa butter, cocoa product, house hold product or food that is making him sick, call your vet immediately. If your vet's office is closed or you cannot reach her, call the Animal Poison Control Center at (888) 426-4435. You may be charged a £39 consultation fee for the call.我们不希望招募虚假评论。许多公司选择从从未使用过其nba赌钱的用户那里收集五星级评论。我们不是那些公司之一。
*优惠于19年7月1日到期。每户限制1次促销。免费nba赌钱是标准全尺寸。免费送货和处理仅针对美国地址。
我们使用cookie来确保您在我们的网站上获得最佳体验。您随时可以通过浏览器设置来进行管理。要了解更多信息，请参阅我们的 隐私政策Brasilia: Do you skip your morning meal and eat dinner late at night? If so, it may increase the risk of death and other heart-related problems, researchers have warned.
The findings, published in the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, suggest that people with such an unhealthy lifestyle had a four to five times higher likelihood of early death and increased chances of a second heart attack.
“Our research shows that the two eating behaviours are independently linked with poorer outcomes after a heart attack but having a cluster of bad habits will only make things worse,” said co-author Marcos Minicucci, from Sao Paolo State University in Brazil.
“We also think that the inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and endothelial function could be involved in the association between unhealthy eating behaviours and cardiovascular outcomes,” he added.
For the study, the team involved 113 patients with a mean age of 60, of which 73 per cent were men. The study enrolled patients with a particularly serious form of heart attack called ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
According to the team, this was the first study to evaluate these unhealthy behaviours in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Skipping breakfast was observed in 58 per cent patients, having late night dinner in 51 per cent, and both behaviours in 41 per cent.
To improve eating habits, researchers recommended a minimum two hour interval between dinner and bedtime.
“A good breakfast is usually composed of dairy products (fat-free or low fat milk, yogurt and cheese), a carbohydrate (whole wheat bread, bagels, cereals), and whole fruits,” the team said.آبادان
آبادان پرآب ترین شهر خوزستان است که در ارتفاع دو متری از سطح دریا واقع شده. این شهر پس از اهواز مهمترین شهر خوزستان است که در واقع شبه جزیره ای است که از جانب شمال به رودخانه بهمنشیر و شهرستان های شادگان و خرمشهر، از شرق نیز به رودخانه بهمنشیر و شهرستان بندر ماهشهر، از غرب به اروندرود و مرز کشور عراق و از جنوب به خلیج فارس محدود گشته است.
آبادان شهر نخستین ها نیز هست؛ اگر می خواهید علت این معروفیت را بدانید باید نگاهی به گذشته ی شهر بیاندازید : نخستین پالایشگاه خاورمیانه و ایران، نخستین آتش نشانی ایران، خط اتوبوس درون شهری، سینمای روباز، پیتزا فروشی، کودکستان، تاکسی تلفنی، پیست ماشینسواری و نخستین پتروشیمی ایران را می توان به آبادان نسبت داد.
آبادان در نزدیکی خرمشهر، مسجدسلیمان و اروندرود قرار دارد و همین امر موجب شد که این شهر یکی از گزینه های ساخت پالایشگاه باشد. در آن زمان شخصی به نام شیخ خزعل مالک زمین های آبادان بود. درنهایت برای اجارهی زمین میان شیخ خزعل و شرکت انگلیسی توافق بهدست آمد. از زمین ها نقشهبرداری شد و محوطه ی پالایشگاه مشخص شد. پالایشگاه
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，不是想星星那么容易，脚踏实地多学一些懂得生活，脚踏实地去不断提升自己，才是通向成功的秘笈。چکیده :
مذهب و رسانه دو پدیده بسیار مهم در جوامع خاورمیانه در عصر حاضر است. در این جوامع، رسانه بازیگری جدیدالورود محسوب می شود که قدمت حضور جدی آن در عرصه های مختلف این جوامع به زحمت، به یک سده می رسد؛ در حالی که مذهب در قرون و هزاره های متمادی یکی از عناصر اصلی کهن و مهم در ساختار جوامع منطقه خاورمیانه به شمار می رفته است. این مقاله تلاشی است برای بررسی ابعاد گوناگون مواجهه این دو پدیده در جوامع خاورمیان، به طور عام، و جامعه ایرانی، به طور خاص، و در آن سعی شده است تا راه های متفاوت و گوناگونی واکاوی شود که رسانه همچون ابزاری له و علیه مذهب ظاهر شده است و نشان داده شود که چگونه مذهب توانسته است در بسیاری از مواقع رسانه را به خدمت خود بگیرد و چگونه در برخی مواقع با احساس تهدید از جانب رسانه، از در جنگ و ستیز با آن در آمده است. مقاله حاضر بر این فرضیه استوار است که تعامل و تقابل میان رسانه و مذهب تاثیرات عمیق و مهمی بر جوامع مطالعه شده و نیز بر چگونگی شکل گیری فرهنگ سیاسی و اجتماعی این جوامع بر جای گذارده است؛ تاثیراتی که ابعاد آن می تواند در مواجهه سنت و مدرنیته و فرجام آن نقشی تعیین کننده داشته باشد.Today students worked in groups and became experts on one of five major animal groups (fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals). Once they found all the important information they then shared their research with the rest of the class. Everyone took notes on other the findings of the other groups. Check your children's Guided Notes tonight for more details and read over pp. 68-69 with them! They have a take home quiz with them, as well.
We were surprised with a field trip to Ft. McHenry this upcoming Friday! We will primarily be learning about The War of 1812 and the Battle of Baltimore. We will also take in the sights and sounds of the Patapsco River and the last salt marsh left on the entire harbor. I have attached the field trip slip for those students who were invited. Over the course of the school year we will be working WITH the National Park Service to create and dedicate some official memorials and plaques here in the park dedicated to the brave citizens here during the Battle of Baltimore. We hope the park can be a focal point for the Bicentennial of the Battle of Baltimore in Sep. 2014! To learn more about the Battle of Baltimore and what happened here in the park read the link! (Hampstead Hill is the name of the hill where the Pagoda is now located in the park.)
In class today students worked in groups to identify certain characteristics of mollusks, echinoderms, and arthropods. Students wrote the characteristics on their paper and then shared their findings with the whole group. Learn more about these characteristics on pp. 66-67.
Today we learned about simple invertebrates in Science class. We looked at pictures of our trip last week to Assateague Island to recall some invertebrates we touched with our own hands. In the picture to the left a student is holding a mole crab. In the picture below I am holding a jelly fish. We also saw blue crabs and ghost crabs. Learn more about simple invertebrates on pp.64-65! Please also review past vocabulary words with your children whenever you get a chance. Its hard to retain all those words without a little review. We will continue to review games in the classroom like "Center Piece", but the more you can do at home the better!
What a truly incredible day we had at Assateague Island! Students learned so many things about the plants, animals, and diverse ecosystems of this important barrier island off of Maryland's coast! Ask your children what type of fish they caught in the marsh. How many shrimp and jelly fish did they haul in with their nets? What types of crabs were they digging for on the ocean/beach side? How do all of these animals affect the ecosystem in which they live in? And by the way.....what is an ecosystem!? These are all very important questions as we learn more about the environments in and around Maryland and what we can do to preserve them! We also finally saw up close the Chesapeake Bay, Chincoteage Bay, Choptank River and Atlantic Ocean. Its one thing to read about these physical features in our textbooks, but its another thing to actually them in person. NEXT UP.....Oct. 5th trip to Cumberland. We learn about the French and Indian War, Colonial Times, and the Underground Railroad. We also get to see the Appalachian Mountains and some spectacular valleys!
Yesterday we finished our Vascular Plant activity by seeing how much of the red water was "soaked up" by the celery. Ask your children if their hypothesis was correct and what t
Today in Science we started our Vascular Plant Experiment. Students began the experiment and wrote down their materials and hypothesis. Ask you children tonight what their hypothesis was and what they hope to see tomorrow. Check back tomorrow for our conclusion and analysis! Students also read about plant stems and leaves on pp. 54-56 today. Read it with them tonight and quiz them on the various parts of a plant!
Today all students were able to access their laptops to assist in their research of their Explorers. MAKE SURE to have a library book on your Explorer by next Monday. We can't always depend on technology as some students found out today! Some were not charged after the previous class used them. We also started a nice Science unit on "Plants". Read over pp. 50-53 tonight with your children. We plan on seeing a diverse amount of plants on our trip to Assateague Island on Thursday! Click on the links to see just how diverse!
Today students took their Unit 1 Fractions Assessment in Math. Take some time to look over the assessments when they come home and review and problems they seem to struggle with. If you have any questions please email Mr. Pelletier at [email protected]
Before taking the Science Quiz today students played a game called "Center Piece" in teams. Ask your children tonight how they played the game and reviewed key vocabulary words and concepts from our Cells and Classifying Life units. pp. 18-45
Welcome to the 5th Grade Blog!
This blog is dedicated to the fifth grade at Patterson Park Public Charter School in Baltimore, MD. Our hope is that this blog will keep students, parents, and anyone else interested up to date with all that we have going on during the school year. Let us know what you think!EN YAYGIN KAZA: SUDA BOĞULMA
Boğulma, en yaygın kaza sonucu ölüm nedenleri arasında üçüncü sıradadır. Yalnızca okyanus ya da nehirlerde değil, yüzme havuzlarında, bahçe havuzlarında ve hatta banyo küvetinde
meydana gelebilir. Yorgunluktan ya da sarhoşluk nedeniyle banyoda uyuyakalmak ölümcül kazalara neden olabilir. Küçük çocuklar yalnızca birkaç santimetre yükseklikteki suda boğulabilir. Bu nedenle, çocuklarınızı asla banyoda, ya da sığ bile olsa suya yakın yerlerde yalnız bırakmamalısınız. Boğulma sırasında ne yapacağınızı bilmek ve bunu etkin ve hızlı biçimde uygulamak birinin canını kurtarabilir.
Boğularak ölenlerin çoğu çocuklar ve gençlerdir. Boğulanlar yalnızca yüzme bilmeyenler değildir. . Kişi sudayken kalp krizi geçirebilir, tekne kazasında başından yaralanabilir, ya da normalde iyi yüzen biri güçlü bir akıntıda paniğe kapılabilir veya bir yerine kramp girmiş olabilir.
BOĞULMA NEDİR?
Boğulma, suya batmanın neden olduğu havasız kalışın ölüme neden olmasıdır. Birçokları “ıslak boğulma” yüzünden ölür. Akciğerlere su girmesi sonucu ölüme neden olur. Bazen kişi kurtulabilir, ama ciğerlerdeki sıvı nedeniyle durumu sonradan kötüleşebilir (”ikincil boğulma”). Üst solunum yolunda az miktarda su olması nedeniyle meydana gelen spazm yüzünden hava alınamadığındaysa “kuru boğulma” meydana gelir, Kuru boğulma kalp krizine de neden olabilir.
Soğuk suyun etkisi: Soğuk su nimet de olabilir, dert de getirebilir. Kimi zaman, özellikle çocuklarda, soğuk su vücudu kapatır; kalp atışı düşer, önemli organ ve kaslardaki kan damarlarda büzüşür, böylece kalp ve beyin fonksiyonları öncelik kazanır.
Hipotermi başlar ve vücudun oksijen ihtiyacı çarpıcı biçimde azalır. Bu ‘kış uykusu’ durumunda insanlar suyun altında 40 dakikaya kadar hayatta kalabilirler. Ancak, kazazedelerin soğuk suya daha yaygın tepkisi, suya çarpmasıyla birlikte otomatikman ve elde olmaksızın soluğunun kesilmesidir.Sonra da hipervantilasyon başlar. Bu durumda, güvenli bir yere yüzme şansları olmadan boğulurlar. Buna soğuk şoku denir.
BOĞULMAYA KARŞI ÖNLEMLER
Kaza sonucu suda boğulma ihtimalini azaltmak için bu yönergeleri izleyin:
Çocuklar suyun yakınındayken (plajda, nehir, göl ya da süs havuzunun kenarında) gözetilmelidir. Usta yüzücüleri bile izlemek gerekir. Yeni yürümeye başlamış çocuklar bir karış suda birkaç dakikada boğulabilirler. Evde su bulunan her yer (akvaryumlar ve tuvaletler bile) kapalı tutulmalıdır.Yüzmeye gidiyorsanız alkol kullanmayın.Özellikle gençlerde boğulmaların çoğu aşırı alkol alımına bağlı olarak meydana gelmektedir.Yüzme havuzlarının ve göletlerin etrafını telle çevirin.Kapısının kendi kendine kapanabildiğinden ve çocuğun kapı koluna erişemeyeceğinden emin olun.
Bilmediğiniz nehirlerden, göllerden ve göletlerden uzak durun ve keşfedilmemiş ya da sığ sulara asla dalmayın.
Plajdaki cankurtarana gizli akıntılar ve diğer kaza nedenleri gibi yüzme koşullarını sorun.
Fırtına patlayacaksa asla dışarıda yüzmeyin, çünkü denize yıldırım düşmesi ihtimali yüksektir ve ölümcül olabilir.
KURTARMA GUVENLIGININ İPUÇLARI
Elinizdeyse, suya girmemeye çalışın (girmeniz gerekirse, asla dalmayın). Suda kurtarma, eğitim gerektiren bir beceridir.
Kazazedeye, ipe bağlı, suda batmayan
bir nesne fırlatıp onu karaya çekin, ya da tekneyle gidip alarak karaya getirin.
Unutmayın, soğuk suda meydana gelen hipotermi nedeniyle dolaşım işaretlerini anlamak zordur.
BOĞULMADA İLKYARDIM
Unutmayın, kazazede suda soluk almaya çalışırken epeyce su yutmuş olabilir. Bu suyu kusar ve ağzından dışarı atamazsa, soluk alırken ciğerlerine çekebilir. Bunu önlemek için, ‘kazazede’yi sudan çıkardığınızda başını gövdesinden daha aşağıda tutmaya çalışın.
Kazazede soluk almıyorsa, bunları yapın: Su içinde durabileceğiniz kadar sığ ise, yaşam öpücüğüne suda başlayın.
Derin sulardaysanız, cankurtaran tekniklerinde eğitimli ve deneyimli olmadığınız sürece, asla yapay solunum yaptırmaya teşebbüs etmeyin. Kazazedenin kalbi durduysa,sudan çıkarın ve CPR uygulamaya başlayın. Yardım gelene kadar TKBSSD uygulayın. Ciğerlerindeki ve midesindeki suyu boşaltmaya çalışmayın. Hipotermi olasılığı nedeniyle kazazedeyi sıcak tutun. Islak giysileri ancak onların yerine giydirebileceğiniz kuru giysiler varsa çıkarın. Altındaki zemine bir şey serin, çünkü o yoldan ısı kaybı olabilir.
Eğer soluk almaya başlarsa, boynunu ve omurgasını koruyarak, kurtarma pozisyonuna getirin. Ikincil boğulma riski olduğundan, iyice toparlansa bile hastaneye gitmelidir.By Susan McClendon, RA, CSI, CCS, and Robert Paul Dean, AIA, CSI, CCS
It's easy to take gypsum board for granted because it's used in virtually every new building project. Gypsum board is, however, a complex and sophisticated technology-driven product. It was first made at the end of the 19th century and today there are many types of board used for a variety of purposes. This article will focus on some newer types that address some key issues in construction.
These products address questions of sustainability, reducing or eliminating mold in building interiors, improving the strength and abuse resistance of finishes, improving sound isolation with reduced mass, achieving curved surfaces without losing advantages of the flat board form, and achieving better finishes.
Basic gypsum board is surprisingly strong for its mass and thickness. Compare it, for example, to gypsum plaster, a finish made of essentially the same materials and serving the same basic function. If you tried to make a ½-inch-thick "board" out of plaster, perhaps by putting a layer of plaster on a flat surface, it would be very brittle and would certainly not be durable enough to span between studs. Gypsum board, on the other hand, is durable enough to ship by truck, strong enough to mount horizontally on spaced ceiling joists without sagging, and much easier to install than plaster. Gypsum wallboard exists because of manufacturing technology that combines the basic gypsum with a reinforcing sheet on both faces and the two long edges, plus additives and reinforcing in the core. This manufacturing principle was first developed in 1894 and evolved by 1930 into the gypsum board that we know today.
With today's increased emphasis on sustainability, including the desirability of using recycled material and products manufactured within a short distance from point of use, gypsum board has taken on new significance. The gypsum used in wallboard comes from four basic sources:
Gypsum rock quarried in mines
Synthetic gypsum recovered from the flue-gas desulfurization process (FGD) used by coal-fired electric power plants (about 20 percent of total production, comprising 20 plants in 2006)
Synthetic gypsum produced as a by-product of other industries
Post-industrial recycled natural gypsum reclaimed from other industrial processes
Considerable fuel is used for all gypsum board products, both in the manufacturing process (calcining, partial dehydration) and in transportation (about 30 billion metric tonnes per year). Most of the gypsum wallboard manufacturers now provide data on location of their plants and the recycled content of their products by plant location. When the product is indicated as about 95 percent recycled, it is made of FGD gypsum. When it's about 5 percent recycled, it's made of natural gypsum. Percentages in between reflect a mix of natural and non-FGD reclaimed gypsum. A factor not often noted about FGD gypsum is that the FGD process doesn't reduce the greenhouse gases produced by burning coal — only the sulfur emissions that foster acid rain are reduced. In addition to the recycled content of the core, practically all paper used for facings is made from post-consumer recycled paper.
Because gypsum board is so heavy, shipping costs are a significant factor in pricing. The three largest gypsum companies have mines and plants that serve most of the continental United States. The other five U.S. companies are more regional in their range. In addition, most synthetic gypsum is produced in the East because that is where most of the coal-fired power plants are located. Ordinarily, it shouldn't matter where the gypsum wallboard comes from, as all of these companies produce materials that comply with the relevant ASTM reference standards. But if synthetic or recycled gypsum products are required and the plant that produces them is farther away than a plant that uses natural gypsum, the synthetic or recycled product is likely to cost more.
Many, if not most, of the new production plants built in recent years are located right next to, or at a short shipping distance from, coal-fired power plants and use the FGD gypsum from them. As mentioned previously, most of these are in the eastern half of the United States. Most of the other plants are located near the quarry their gypsum comes from, and because quarries are not uniformly distributed, production plants are also not uniformly distributed. Only a few plants use gypsum that is mined at a considerable distance — typically only if the gypsum can be shipped by sea.
Mold growth in building interiors is an area of increasing concern. One of the most significant recent technological developments for gypsum board has been the improvement of its resistance to mold growth. It has long been known that paper-faced gypsum board was vulnerable to moisture absorption. Some moisture-resistant products have been available for a long time, but the fact that paper is a food source for mold has generated a number of other solutions. Most manufacturers making a claim of mold resistance have based that claim on tests the companies have performed themselves (i.e., there has been no independent analysis). In some cases, there is comparable data to indicate performance relative to other products, but there are no standards specifying the degree of mold resistance that would be desirable. There are currently four different technical solutions. Each manufacturer has a slightly different philosophy toward the problem, resulting in differences in product offerings that make comparisons difficult.
Gypsum-less Board: Boards made of cement instead of gypsum were among the first solutions developed to address the inherent moisture vulnerability of gypsum board. As a by-product of the moisture problem, the paper facing was also eliminated. These products are typically limited to backer boards under tile or similar finishes because the surface is not suitable for painting.
Non-paper-faced Gypsum Board: Boards made with a facing other than paper were first developed for exterior sheathing, but some now are for interior use. The board is "moisture-resistant," with a water-resistant additive in the core. The facing typically is a fiber-glass fabric, usually called a "glass mat." For use as exterior sheathing, the facing is covered with a coating or a layer of water-resistant gypsum.
Mold-resistant Paper-faced Board: Lately, the "moisture-resistant" boards have been modified with an additional mold inhibitor in the core and the paper facing.
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房保障制度的重要组成部分，其住房保障意义不仅在于制度本身的普惠性，更重要在于该项制度体现的互助性和保障性，即通过直接的金融支持和优惠的贷款利率，帮助住房消费支付能力不足的群体以及实物配置型住房保障政策中无法顾及的边缘人群（夹心层）解决住房困难。 住房公积金制度“互助性”和“保障性”的特点，决定了住房公积金制度的目的是实现居者有其屋，帮助无房群体解决基本住房问题，帮助有房群体改善住房条件，最终通过不同方式保障全体职工利益。在国内其他大中城市，正在发挥着支持职工解决基本住房问题的作用。 深圳市住房公积金政策制定是从长远利益的角度出发，把缴存、提取、贷款政策作为一个整体来考虑，也会处理好已购房职工与未购房职工等不同住房公积金缴存群体之间的关系，兼顾到不同群体的实际需求，做好支持部分职工提取需求与支持部分职工贷款需求之间的政策选择。
The topic is one of my interest research themes during I was in the college as a student. And at here I summarized some main point and share with everyone hope can help us to create a good work environment together. All companies have to deal with issues regarding their employees. It is no secret […]谢谢！谢谢你们法官，这么快就帮我要回了生活费，法院是我的依靠啊！”，近日，当王某从开封市顺河回族区人民法院执行法官手里接过1500元钱动情地说。
王某今年已70岁高龄，她与老伴生育有2男3女共5个子女，均已成家立业。早年两位老人身体还硬朗时，为了减轻子女们的负担，二老自食其力。2019年王某的老伴因病去世，王某独自耕种1亩多地维持生计， 5个子女对王某不闻不问。无奈，王某只能独自居住在二儿子家旁的老屋，以拣废品度日。王某含辛茹苦拉扯大5个子女，老来却没人赡养，生活无着落。百般无奈，2019年7月王某只好向开封顺河回族区人民法院起诉要求子女们履行赡养义务，经法院主持调解双方自愿达成协议：从2019年7月份起由二儿子邓某每月20日前给付麻某生活费500元。
可是邓某只履行了三个月，因与母亲有点磨擦，到现在已有5个月没有履行义务了，王某无奈向顺河人民法院申请强制执行；法院对涉及弱势群体案件历来坚持“快立、快审、快执”原则，要在最短时间内执行到位。所以，法院的执行法官在收到王某的申请后，立马向邓某发出执行通知书，责令其尽快履行义务。同时，执行法官对邓某进行晓之以情，动之以理，贯之以法的说服教育，最后邓某履行了义务。法院领导及执行法官驶车把执行回来的生活费1500元送到王某家，亲自交到王某手里。Scolate e sciacquate i fagioli, uniteli al soffritto e fateli insaporire per 5 minuti, salate e pepate. n Tritate gli aghi di rosmarino, scolate con cura il tonno, sminuzzatelo finemente quindi, a fuoco spento, amalgamatelo ai fagioli unendo il rosmarino.Tagliate a fette il pane, grigliatele e sfregatele generosamente con gli spicchi di aglio. Spalmate le bruschette con la crema di tonno e fagioli e servitele.
Tonnofagioli e cipolla è un piatto unico saporito o un antipasto rustico: facile da preparare, anche come pietanza per un pic-nic!Per preparare tonno, fagioli e cipolla partite dai fagioli bianchi: metteteli in una ciotola piena d'acqua e lasciateli in ammollo per 12 ore 1. A questo punto trasferiteli in una pentola con acqua: l'acqua deve ricoprire completamente i fagioli 3. Fate cuocere i fagioli per 50 minuti con un coperchio 4, controllandone la cottura di tanto in tanto: i fagioli dovranno risultare teneri, ma non dovranno spappolarsi. Una volta che i fagioli saranno cotti scolateli bene 6 e lasciateli raffreddare. versate i fagioli oramai freddi in una ciotola capiente, unite la cipolla 10 e ...
Scolate il tonno dall'olio di conservazione e dividetelo in 8 parti. Prendete una tortilla alla volta dalla stagnola, disponete al centro una foglia di lattuga e, sopra, un cucchiaio di fagioli, il tonno, 4 spicchi di pomodoro e un po' di gruviera.
Pasta fagiolitonno e cipollotto: una ricetta speciale per fare un primo veloce e saporito. Provate questo piatto vi conquisterà al primo assaggio!Quando volete preparare la pasta fagiolitonno e cipollotto, prima di tutto mettete una pentola sul fuoco con abbondante acqua. Dopo che lo spicchio d'aglio avrà profumato l'olio, toglietelo dalla padella e aggiungete i fagioli ben sgocciolati dall'acqua di conservazione, il tonno sgocciolato, mescolate e lasciate insaporire il condimento. Tagliate il peperoncino rosso e aggiungetelo in padella con il tonno e i fagioli, lasciate insaporire.
Sgocciolare il tonno e metterlo in un piatto aggiungere i fagioli, l'origano, il sale e un cucchiaio di olio e mescolare affettare i pomodori e le cipolline e aggiustarle in un piatto con un filo di olio il sale e l'origano.Sgocciolare il tonno e metterlo in un piatto aggiungere i fagioli, l'origano, il sale e un cucchiaio di olio e mescolare
Lessare i fagioli avendo cura di non farli disfare. Tagliare le cipolline e metterle a bagno in acqua per un paio di ore.Quando i fagioli sono cotti trasferirli in una ciotola e farli raffreddare,aggiungere il tonno sminuzzato,le cipolle e.Affettate finemente la cipolla e tuffatela in una ciotola piena d'acqua fredda. Aggiungete la cipolla, i fagioli e il tonno in una ciotola e mescolate. Versate l'emulsione nei fagioli e mescolate bene affinchè si condisca per bene. Servite tonno, fagioli e cipolla con qualche fioccho di caviale rosso e accompagnandolo con le fette di pane tostato condite con aglio e olio extravergine d'oliva.
Insalata di tonno, fagioli e cipolla: lo sappiamo l'abbinata tonno, fagioli e cipolla non è dei più"eleganti" ma è sicuramente uno dei più gustosi!Quando volete preparare l'insalata di tonno, cipolla e fagioli, pulite le cipolle liberandole dai primi strati più rovinati e meno croccanti. Unite alle cipolle i fagioli già cotti, scolati dal liquido di conserva o dal brodo di cottura. Scolate il tonno dall'olio e unitelo all'insalata sbriciolandolo leggermente con la forchetta. Servite l'insalata di tonno, fagioli e cipolla con un giro d'olio extravergine d'oliva e una macinata di pepe fresco.Several federal and Maryland state government websites provide a wide array of free educational resources for teachers and students, including lesson plans, engaging materials for classroom instruction and professional development opportunities.
Resources for Classroom Instruction:
Library of Congress Teachers Page: Find standards-based tutorials, interactive student activities, webcasts and more than 85 lesson plans on topics ranging from history to literature to civics and government. Also offers more than 19 million primary source materials, including films, documents, photographs and maps.
National Archives Lesson Plans: Contains reproducible copies of primary documents from the holdings of the National Archives of the United States, teaching activities correlated to the National History Standards and National Standards for Civics and Government, and cross-curricular connections.
Federal Resources for Educational Excellence: The most popular K-12 websites maintained by the U.S. Department of Education, FREE makes it easier to find teaching and learning resources from the federal government. More than 1,500 federally supported teaching and learning resources are included from dozens of federal agencies.
America’s Library: Engage younger students in a fun and interactive way using this page, which teaches America’s history through games, puzzles, and other activities.
Maryland Dept. of Education Toolkit: This page offers Maryland educators resources to enhance student learning in the classroom, as well as improve student success on all Maryland assessments.
LOC Professional Development: This page highlights training opportunities for teachers at the Library of Congress in D.C., in communities, and online.
U.S. Dept. of Education Seminars: These seminars are designed to share information about education policy that will help teachers to be engaged and participate in policy discussions at the federal, state and district level.
Literacy & Learning Resources
Read.gov: Visit this page to find reading and literacy resources for kids, teens, and adults.
What Works Clearinghouse: Find practical advice on addressing everyday challenges teachers face in their classrooms, including everything from helping students who struggle with math to helping students navigate the path to college.Quando Marvin Gaye incise questo disco, colonna sonora del film di genere blaxploitation "Trouble Man", arrivava da quel capolavoro che fu "What's Going On", e anche qui abbiamo modo di ascoltare quale stato di grazia attraversasse il nostro. Marvin, al pari di Isaac Hayes e Curtis Mayfield contribuì alla riuscita della pellicola grazie alla colonna sonora che ne scaturì, anzi, si può sicuramente affermare che grazie a questi musicisti, film come "Shaft", "Superfly" e "Trouble Man", sono riconoscibili grazie alle title track dei dischi, costituendone la cifra stilistica che accompagna le pellicole.
"Trouble Man" riuscì così bene anche perché è una sorta di confessione autobiografica dell'uomo Marvin Gaye, diventerà un punto fisso dei suoi concerti live e pure il futuro nickname del cantante. La canzone è cantata quasi tutta in falsetto, dimostrando una volta di più le proprie strabilianti ed eclettiche qualità vocali, ma dimostra anche quale superbo compositore e strumentista fosse Marvin Gaye. L'album lo trovo come un'evoluzione del precedente "What's Going On", forse ancora più sofisticato e complesso musicalmente, e la definizione di album funk per un disco del genere è sicuramente limitante, un disco notturno intriso di soul e jazz, di sicuro uno tra i miei preferiti di sempre.Hamburg'da siyasi mülteci olarak yaşayan, Kenan Evren imzalı berat sahibi Kıbrıs gazisi astsubay Hüseyin Deniz (65), 12 Eylül davasına müdahil olmak istediğini söyledi.
Kıbrıs Barış Harekatı'nda o zaman Kara Kuvvetleri Kurmay Başkanlığı görevinde bulunan Kenan Evren imzalı üstün başarı beratı alan Deniz, 12 Eylül sonrası asılsız ihbarlarla yasadışı sol örgüt üyesi olmakla suçlanıp işkence gördüğünü iddia ederek, "Benim gibi yüzlerce sol görüşlü, demokrat subay 12 Eylül'ün işkence tezgahından geçti. Haksız yere ordudan atıldı. 12 Eylül binlerce askeri de mağdur etti. Kaderin cilvesi sicilen emeklilik (ordudan atılma) belgemde de Evren'in imzası var" dedi.
Hamburg'da siyasi mülteci olarak yaşayan, Kenan Evren imzalı berat sahibi Kıbrıs gazisi astsubay Hüseyin Deniz (65), 12 Eylül davasına müdahil olmak istediğini söyledi.
Ağustos 1974'de Kıbrıs Barış Harekatı'na katılan ilk birlikte yer alan Gaziantep 5. Zırhlı Tugay astsubayı Hüseyin Deniz, o zaman Kara Kuvvetleri Kurmay Başkanlığı görevinde olan Kenan Evren imzalı berat ile gazi olarak döndüğü belirten "12 Eylülde yüzlerce sol görüşlü subay da asılsız suçlamalarla işkence gördü, mağdur oldu" dedi.
"12 Eylül beni vatanımdan etti"
37 yıldır Türkiye'ye gidemeyen Deniz, Almanya'da kendisiyle benzer durumda dört rütbeli daha tanıdığını ve şimdi onlarla irtibata geçip davaya beraberce müdahil olmak için uğraşacağını söyleyerek, "18 yıl canımı ortaya koyarak, savaşa katılarak hizmet verdiğim ordudan atılmak beni rencide etti. Suçlu olsam gam yemem, ama mahkemede askeri savcı bile beratımı talep ederken mahkemenin beni suçlu bulmasını aradan 30 yılı aşkın süre geçmesine rağmen hazmedemedim. Gördüğüm işkence ve daha sonra Almanya'ya kaçışımda vatanımdan olmam, anne ve babamın cenazesine dahi gidememem de cabasıö dedi.
"Kahramanmaraş raporum göze battı"
1978 Kahramanmaraş olaylarında görev aldığını söyleyen Deniz, "Kahramanmaraş katliamında delil toplamak ve basınla ilgilenen kişi olarak görevlendirdim. Bu arada bir takım polis, üst düzey siyasi yönetici ve özel güçlerin bu hareketi yönlendirdiği ve Ökkeş Kenger'in de bunların başında olduğunu istihbarat bilgisi olarak raporda sundum. Bunları rapor halinde üstlerime bildirdim. 12 Eylül sonrası hedef alınmam sol görüşlü olmam ve Kahramanmaraş olaylarıyla alakalı hazırladığım raporla ilgili olduğunu düşünüyorum. Rapor göze battı" dedi.
"İşkence gördüm"
12 Eylül darbesinden hemen sonra gözaltına alındım ama bir hafta sonra tekrar serbest bırakıldım. 1981 Ocak ayının ortasında amirlerine karşı gelmek ve yasadışı örgütü üye olmak iddiasıyla tutuklandığın söyleyen Deniz, "Gaziantep Özel C Tipi Cezaevi'ne konuldum. Askeri mahkemede savcı dahi suçsuz olduğumu belirterek tahliyemi talep etmesine rağmen yasadışı sol örgüt mensubu olmaktan, 4,5 yıl hapis cezasına çarptırıldım. 13 ay yattıktan sonra Konya'ya sürgün şartıyla tahliye edildiğimde kaçak yollarla Almanya'ya kaçtım. Cezaevinde diğer tutuklular gibi işkence gördüm. Vücudumda halen bunların izleri var. 15 gün Celal Doğan ile aynı hücrede kaldım. Cezaevinde bir tek işkence görmeyen o vardı. O da milletvekili olduğu için. Hayatta kalmamı cezaevinde görevli, beni tanıyan ve uyaran askerlere borçluyum. İnanılmaz tuzaklar kuruldu. Hücre kapısını açık bıraktılar kaçmam için. Ama nöbetçi asker beni uyardı, 'Komutanım bu bir tuzak. Hücreden dışarı adımı atarsan seni vurup, 'firar ederken vuruldu diyecekler' diye uyardı. Yine tanıdığım askerler sayesinde dönemin 8. Kolordu Komutanı Adnan Ersöz'e cezaevinde ağır işkence yapıldığına dair adımla ihbar mektubu gönderdim. Ersöz benimle cezaevine görüşmeye geldiği gün beni başka cezaevine nakledilmiş gibi gösterdiler. Kendisiyle görüşemedim. Türkiye'ye bir daha hiç gidemedim. Anneme, babamı kaybettim. Cenazelerine gidemedim. Madem dava açıldı. Tüm bunların da hesabı sorulmalı. Ülke için Kıbrıs'ta hayatını ortaya koymuş, berat takdiri ile dönmüş biri olarak gördüğüm muameleyi içime sindiremiyorum" dedi.
Sol görüşlü olduğunu hiç bir zaman gizlemediğini söyleyen Deniz, "Evet sol görüşlüyüm, ama hiç bir zaman silahlı bir örgüt içinde yer almadım. Tutuklanan ve benim sol görüşlü olduğumu bildikleri için beni suçlayarak kendilerini kurtarmak isteyenlerin yanlış ifadeleriyle tutuklandım.
Evimi aradılar. Evde Nazım Hikmet fotoğrafları ve kitapları bulunması onlara yetti. 12 Eylül aynı zamanda ordu içindeki demokrat, sol görüşlü ordu mensuplarını tasfiye harekâtıydı. Benim gibi yüzlerce kendini vatanına adamış ordu mensubu işkence tezgâhından geçirildi, ordudan atıldı.
Almanya'ya 12 Eylül sonrası büyük bir iltica akını yaşandı Türkiye'den. Ama aralarında asker olup ta iltica talebinde bulunan kişi yok denecek kadar azdı. Alman mülteci makamları ifademi alırken ağızları açık kalmıştı. İltica talebim rekor gibi kısa bir sürede kabul edildi. Orduda yaşadıklarıma ve Almanya'da mülteci olmamam rağmen asla Türkiye aleyhine bir söz söylemedim. Teklifi 'Her ne kadar eleştirsem bile orası benim vatanım. Ben Türkiye'yi daha demokratikleşmesi için eleştiririm, ama yabancı güçlerin oyunlarına maşası olmam' diyerek geri çevirdim" dedi.
Hiç bir yerde yayınlanmamış Kıbrıs fotoğrafları
Kıbrıs Barış Harekatı'nda Magosa'nın ele geçirilmesinde ve mücahitlerin eğitimde görev yapan Deniz, kendi arşivinden şimdiye kadar hiç bir yerde yayınlanmamış fotoğrafları da gösterdi. Aynı zamanda birliğinin fotoğrafçısı olan Deniz, "Çıkarmadan, çatışmalardan, eğitimden ve Rumlar tarafından öldürülmen Türklerin gömüldüğü toplu mezarların bulunmasına kadar Kıbrıs'ta yüz
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نمونه ها جمع آوری می شوند، سوند و غلاف برداشته شده و فشار محکمی روی ناحیه اعمال می گردد تا خونریزی متوقف شود.
- این روش حدود 30 تا 60 دقیقه طول می کشد. با این حال ، آماده سازی و بازیابی چندین ساعت طول می کشد. شما باید بتوانید در همان روز عمل به خانه بروید.
بعد از بیوپسی قلب چه انتظاری می توان داشت؟
قبل از رفتن به خانه، پزشک به شما می گوید که چگونه از محل زخم مراقبت کنید و چه زمانی می توانید به فعالیت های معمول خود بازگردید.
هنگامی که نتایج بیوپسی قلب در دسترس است، پزشک آنها را با شما در میان می گذارد. اگر نتایج منفی باشد، به این معنی است که بافت قلبی که مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفته است طبیعی به نظر می رسد. نتیجه مثبت بیوپسی می تواند به این معنی باشد که علت نارسایی قلبی مانند التهاب ناشی از عفونت پیدا شده است. اگر بیوپسی پس از پیوند قلب انجام شود، ممکن است نشان دهنده وجود سلول های رد کننده باشد.
آیا بیوپسی قلب خطری دارد؟
خطرات بیوپسی قلب شامل موارد زیر است:
- آسیب به ورید هنگام قرار دادن بیوپتوم
- خون ریزی
- تشدید آریتمی موجود (ضربان قلب نامنظم)
- سوراخ شدن قلب یا ریه
- آسیب عصبیHave you ever felt the need to increase the efficiency of your car or reduce the significantly high oil consumption for you to save on costs?
You probably might have, given these times when oil prices are sky-rocketing and price hikes are being introduced every week. Your expenses for gasoline might even be reaching astronomical levels.
Through the years, especially since the first oil crisis in the 1990s when the first Iraq vs. United States conflict started, car manufacturers from Japan, the United States, Germany and elsewhere have begun the development of specially built and designed cars that would lower oil and gasoline consumption.
These cars are especially high-regarded during these times, because, apparently, gasoline has become the most essential liquid in the world, aside, of course, from drinking water.
Because car makers have always aimed to offer cars to the market that would quench consumers’ thirst for vehicles that do not mainly operate and rely on gasoline, the emergence of hybrid vehicles was made possible.
Hybrid cars, as manufacturers claim, are the cars of the future. That is because those cars are considered the answers to people’s prayers over the past years for vehicles that would not necessarily run on gasoline, which has prices that are so volatile due to emerging conflicts in the oil-producing countries every now and then.
Nowadays, car owners are being forced to just commute or take the public vehicles on their way to work everyday instead of using their cars because the gasoline prices are so high, that everyday use of the car would be unsustainable and most often, becoming a luxury.
In those cases, the purpose for buying or purchasing a car is breached, overlooked, neglected and unattained. For sure, cars are bought to give the buyer the convenience of going to destinations without the hassle of a public transport, which usually are tormented by delays, accidents and unlikely incidents.
No wonder, the launch of hybrid vehicles not so long ago was bombarded by promising and higher than expected sales of the cars. It is understandable that people have long awaited and anticipated the market launch of hybrid cars.
A little on the technical aspects of hybrid vehicles
Hybrid vehicles generally refer to those types of automotives or cars that run on the joint power brought about by gasoline and electricity stored in high-capacity electric batteries.
Hybrid vehicles save on fuel because there are certain times when the vehicles rely on the electric power produced by the batteries. Thus, consumption of gasoline is significantly lowered, leading to reduced oil or gasoline bills by the owner.
The technology for the manufacture of hybrid cars is continuously and consistently evolving over the years, marking significant changes, modifications and improvements time after time.
Usually, hybrid vehicles make use of rechargeable energy storage system also known as RESS which comes hand in hand with a propeller that provides fueled propulsion power.
In other countries, the term hybrid vehicle also refers to petroleum-electric hybrid cars which are also called hybrid-electric vehicle that use gasoline to feed the car’s internal combustion engines or ICEs and built-in electric batteries that provide the vehicle’s electric requirements to power the electric motors.
Giant car companies around the world have somehow embarked on a tight race to massively produce hybrid cars. The competition for such types of cars is becoming more and more intense through the years especially because there is a rising opportunity in the segment.
Opportunities do really come in time of crises so giant car makers are rushing to each offer the consumers their own hybrid car versions and models and at the same time, underpin rising demand for such cars, equating logically to higher sales and company revenues.
Japan’s Toyota Corp and Honda Corp are leading in the race to dominate the hybrid car market not just in Japan and the United States but also in other parts of the world, where people are becoming more particular about efficiencies and oil-cost downgrades.
Other car manufacturers follow suit, and it is expected that in the next couple of years, more and more hybrid vehicles are to be unveiled in the market by the two car makers and their aggressive competitors.
No wonder, because hybrid vehicles are tagged not only as oil and cost-saving cars but also as environment-friendly vehicles. Yes, you read it right.
Because hybrid vehicles have reduced gasoline consumption, it follows that smoke and greenhouse gas emissions are also significantly reduced.
Thus, purchasing hybrid vehicles is like hitting two birds in just one stone. You would practically save on gasoline and oil costs and at the same time help save the environment by reducing the rate of green house gas emissions.Abstract Climate change is forecasted to increase the variability of weather conditions and the frequency of extreme events. Due to potential adverse impacts on crop yields it will have implications for demand of agricultural risk management instruments and farmers’ adaptation strategies. Evidence on climate change impacts on crop yield variability and estimates of production risk from farm surveys in Australia, Canada and Spain, are used to analyse the policy choice between three different types of insurance (individual, area-yield and weather index) and ex post payments. The results are found to be subject to strong uncertainties and depend on the risk profile of different farmers and locations; the paper provides several insights on how to analyse these complexities. In general, area yield performs best more often across our countries and scenarios, in particular for the baseline and marginal climate change (without increases in extreme events). However, area yield can be very expensive if farmers have limited information on how climate change affects yields (misalignment in expectations), and particularly so under extreme climate change scenarios. In these more challenging cases, ex post payments perform well to increase low incomes when the risk is systemic like in Australia; Weather index performs well to reduce the welfare costs of risks when the correlation between yields and index is increased by the extreme events. The paper also analyses the robustness of different instruments in the face of limited knowledge of the probabilities of different climate change scenarios; highlighting that this added layer of uncertainty could be overcome to provide sound policy advice under uncertainties introduced by climate change. The role of providing information to farmers on impacts of climate change emerges as a crucial result of this paper as indicated by the significantly higher budgetary expenditures occurring across all instruments when farmers’ expectations are misaligned relative to actual impacts of climate change.به گزارش اداره کل روابط عمومی وزارت علوم، دکتر هاشمی در این نشست که با حضور وزیر علوم و تحقیقات اندونزی و هیئت های بلند پایه علمی و فناوری دو کشور برگزار شد، با بیان اینکه ایران و اندونزی، پرچمداران تمدن و فرهنگ در غرب و شرق آسیا بوده و از کشورهای مهم مسلمان هستند که اثر گذاری منطقه ای و بین المللی آنان بر همگان آشکار است، اظهار داشت: ما کشور اندونزی را به عنوان کشوری دوست و برادر می دانیم و در تمام زمینه ها از جمله علم، فناوری، نوآوری و آموزش عالی آماده همکاری هستیم.
وی افزود: قرار گرفتن در دایره پیشرفت های علمی و به خصوص بین المللی شدن علم، نیروی محرکه ای را خلق می کند که با برنامه ریزی درست و روشمند، به توسعه جامعه می انجامد. از این رو، بیراه نیست اگر توسعه علم، فناوری و آموزش عالی را نیروی پیشران توسعه در جوامع امروزی بدانیم.
سرپرست وزارت علوم با بیان اینکه کشورهای اسلامی، ظرفیت های عظیمی دارند که استفاده بهینه از این ظرفیت ها می تواند ضمن کاهش وابستگی به غرب، در یک اشتراک مساعی علمی و فناوری آیندهای بهتر و روشنتر را به همراه آورد، افزود: جمهوری اسلامی ایران و کشور دوست و برادر اندونزی، با ظرفیتهای عظیمی که دارند نه تنها مابین خود که در میان کشورهای اسلامی نیز میتوانند عامل حرکت رو به جلو باشند و در این میان تاکید مقامات عالی دو کشور بر گسترش و تحکیم روابط دو کشور، گسترش روابط در عرصه علمی بین دو کشور را بیش از پیش ضروری می کند.
وی در ادامه گفت: امضای سه تفاهم نامه اختصاصی در حوزه علم و فناوری، تشکیل کمیته مشترک همکاری و برگزاری چهار نشست، تجسم عملی این خواست است.
دکتر هاشمی کشور اندونزی را به عنوان پرجمعیت ترین کشور مسلمان و برخوردار از توانمندی های علمی و فناوری، شریکی مقتدر و همکاری قابل اعتماد در حوزه علم و فناوری عنوان کرد و گفت: هر چند محورهای همکاری میان دوکشور، گسترده می باشد اما از همگان می خواهم در جهت عملیاتی کردن و پیوستگی برنامه ها گام بردارند.
وی افزود: امروزه و در عصر تضارب آرا و اندیشه ها در همه سطوح و نقطه نقطه جهان، سخن گفتن از آموزش عالی و بویژه بین المللی شدن آن، امری است حیاتی و ضروری. از آن جهت که اشتراک دستاوردهای مهم آموزشی در توسعه همه جانبه و ایجاد ثبات و امنیت، جایگاهی مهم و رفیع دارد.
سرپرست وزارت علوم در ادامه به چند محور اصلی همکاری برای بررسی در دستور کار نشست از قبیل: ایجاد فدراسیونی با شرکت روسای دانشگاه های برتر ایران و اندونزی و حتی تاسیس دانشکده و دورههای مشترک فی مابین و نشست سالیانه میان آنها در تهران و جاکارتا اشاره کرد.
توسعه همکاری در حوزه های نانو، بایو تکنولوژی، هوا فضا، اقیانوس شناسی، کشاورزی، الکترونیک، فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات، پلیمر، محیط زیست، حمل و نقل، مواد و انرژی های نو؛ انجام تحقیقات مشترک در حوزه های موردعلاقه؛ تبادل استادان، اعضای هیئت علمی و دانشجویان مقاطع تحصیلات تکمیلی و ارائه بورسهای کوتاه مدت و بلند مدت از دیگر موارد مطرح شده از سوی دکتر هاشمی برای انجام همکاری های مشترک بود.
وی همچنین با تاکید بر اینکه همکاری دو کشور نه تنها برای مردمان دو کشور بلکه برای دیگر جوامع اسلامی نیز ثمر بخش خواهد بود، گفت: همکای در چارچوب آیسسیکو، کامستک، OIC و دیگر نهادهای منطقه ای و بین المللی می تواند ما را به این خواسته برساند.
سرپرست وزارت علوم کشورمان در پایان سخنان خود با تاکید بر اینکه؛ اعتقاد ما بر این است که در این همکاری باید نقش مهم زنان در نظر گرفته شود، اظهار داشت: زنان نیمی از جمعیت ما را تشکیل میدهند و می توانند تاثیرات مثبتی در توسعه همکاری های علمی و فناوری داشته باشند وتبادل تجربیات زنان دانشگاهی دو کشور، خواهر خواندگی میان دانشگاه های تک جنسیتی و تبادل استاد و دانشجوی زن از جمله محورهایی است که می تواند مورد نظر همکاری های دوجانبه قرار گیرد.
در این نشست دکترمحمد نصیر، وزیر تحقیقات، فناوری و آموزش عالی اندونزی نیزدر سخنانی با معرفی امکانات و قابلیت های آموزش عالی در این کشور، از گسترش همکاری های مشترک علمی و فناوری با جمهوری اسلامی ایران استقبال کرد.
ر.ب ۱۳۴۵/ ع.ع ۱۳۵۷
لینک منبع مطلبCOMPAGNIA DI ASSICURAZIONI
DI VENEZIA
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Interessante edizione antica e d'epoca,
stampa pubblicitaria relativa ad un prospetto di Bilancio Generale al 1912 della citata società assicuratrice veneziana;
stampa impressa quale facsimile del citato Bilancio;
unico foglio, impresso al recto verso bianco, di circa cm.24x35 (l'intero foglio, compresi i margini bianchi diseguali); stampa edita in origine probabilmente quale tavola illustrativa f.t. di una pubblicazione di tecnica calligrafica; nessuna indicazione tipografica, esemplare databile al primo '900.
DI INTERESSE PUBBLICITARIO, ECONOMICO, STORICO-LOCALE, COLLEZIONISTICO, DECORATIVO
Buona conservazione generale, segni e difetti d'uso e d'epoca, sparse fioriture o bruniture e difetti marginali o così come visibili nelle immagini allegate;
stampa meritevole di essere inserita sotto passpartout ed incorniciata.
(le immagini allegate raffigurano alcuni particolari dell'intero foglio, eventuali ulteriori informazioni a richiesta)
Il 28-giu-17 alle 01:30:36 CEST, il venditore ha aggiunto le seguenti informazioni sull'oggetto:Appassionanti foto realizzate da Salgato raffiguranti i signori della natura
Dopo una formazione universitaria di economista e statistico decide, in seguito ad una missione in Africa, di diventare fotografo. Nel 1973 realizza un reportage sulla siccità del Sahel, seguito da uno sulle condizioni di vita dei lavoratori immigrati in Europa. Nel 1974 entra nell'agenzia Sygma e documenta la rivoluzione in Portogallo e la guerra coloniale in Angola e in Mozambico. Nel 1975 entra a far parte dell'agenzia Gamma ed in seguito, nel 1979, della celebre cooperativa di fotografi Magnum Photos. Nel 1994 lascia la Magnum per creare, insieme a Lelia Wanick Salgado, Amazonas Images, una struttura autonoma completamente dedicata al suo lavoro. Salgado si occupa soprattutto di reportage di impianto umanitario e sociale, consacrando mesi, se non addirittura anni, a sviluppare e approfondire tematiche di ampio respiro.
Salgado scattava nel modo tradizionale, usando pellicola fotografica in bianco e nero e una fotocamera da 35 mm: strumenti portatili e poco ingombranti. È nota la sua preferenza per le macchine Leica, in virtù della qualità dei loro obiettivi. Particolarmente attento alla resa dei toni della stampa finale, Salgado applica uno sbiancante con un pennello per ridurre le ombre troppo intense.
Tommaso Quintarelli.How do the faulty brain circuits involved in mental disorders such as autism or retardation develop? Researchers at Weill Cornell Medical College have helped light the way to an answer with the discovery of a mechanism that guides the wiring of neural circuits in a developing brain.
The researchers discovered that faulty wiring occurs when RNA molecules embedded in a growing axon are not degraded after they give instructions that help steer the nerve cell.
For example, the signal that tells the axon to turn — which should disappear after the turn is made — remains active, interfering with new signals meant to guide the axon in other directions.
“Understanding the basis of brain miswiring can help scientists come up with new therapies and strategies to correct the problem,” said the study’s senior author, Samie Jaffrey, M.D., Ph.D.
“The brain is quite plastic and changeable in the very young, and if we know why circuits are miswired, it may be possible to correct those pathways, allowing the brain to build new, functional wiring.”
Disorders associated with faulty neuronal circuits include epilepsy, autism, schizophrenia, mental retardation and spasticity and movement disorders, he noted.
During brain development, neurons have to connect to each other, which they do by extending their long axons to touch one another, the researchers explain. Ultimately, the neurons form a circuit between the brain and the target tissue through which chemical and electrical signals are relayed.
In the new study, researchers looked at neurons that travel up the spinal cord into the brain.
“It is very critical that axons are precisely positioned in the spinal cord,” Jaffrey said. “If they are improperly positioned, they will form the wrong connections, which can lead to signals being sent to the wrong target cells in the brain.”
The way that an axon guides and finds its proper target is through “growth cones” located at the tips of axons, he said.
“These growth cones have the ability to sense the environment, determine where the targets are and navigate toward them,” he continued. “The question has always been — how do they know how to do this? Where do the instructions come from that tell them how to find their proper target?”
The researchers found that RNA molecules embedded in the growth cone are responsible for instructing the axon to move left or right, up or down. These RNAs produce antenna-like proteins that steer the axon like a self-guided missile.
“As a circuit is being built, RNAs in the neuron’s growth cones are mostly silent,” he explained. “We found that specific RNAs are only read at precise stages in order to produce the right protein needed to steer the axon at the right time. After the protein is produced, we saw that the RNA instruction is degraded and disappears.”
“If these RNAs do not disappear when they should, the axon does not position itself properly — it may go right instead of left — and the wiring will be incorrect and the circuit may be faulty,” he continued.
The researchers didn’t anticipate that the control of brain wiring is located in these RNA molecules that are “constantly being dynamically turned over,” Jaffrey said.
“This tells us that regulating these RNA degradation pathways could have a tremendous impact on brain development,” he said. “Now we know where to look to tease apart this process when it goes awry, and to think about how we can repair it.”
The study was published in the journal Cell.
Source: Weill Cornell Medical College必和必拓出售Colorado铜业股权 将目光投向更大型资产
必和必拓将其智利最小的铜业公司Cerro Colorado矿山出售给澳大利亚一家私募股权投资公司EMR Capital Advisors Pty。该公司支付了2.3亿美元的现金、价值约4000万美元的铜库存收益以及未来有可能再支付5000万美元，这取决于铜价。获得该铜业公司的主权。
BMO资本市场分析师爱德华斯蒂克表示，由于每年产量少于8万吨、运营成本高、矿用寿命短，Colorado矿一直是BHP的一个边缘项目，BHP一直试图将该项业务出售掉。
作为首席执行官的安德鲁麦肯齐表示必和必拓的战略重点是铁矿石、铜、石油等大宗商品。
早在2017年5月，必和必拓就已决定出售Colorado铜业公司。Cer
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3-580.
Schofield JK et al (2009) Skin Conditions in the UK: A Health Care Needs Assessment.
Steventon K, Cowdell F (2013) Acne and diet: a review of the latest evidence. Dermatological Nursing; 12: 2, 28-34.
Williams HC et al (2012) Acne vulgaris. Lancet; 379: 361-372.
Zouboulis CC et al (2009) Endocrine aspects of acne and related diseases. Dermato-endocrinology; 1: 3, 123-124.This essay has been submitted by a student. This is not an example of the work written by our professional essay writers.
This report outlines the importance of the two chosen topics i.e. green IT and the European Foundation for Quality Management Model of Excellence. Both of them are based on six case studies as well as on some common practices in organisations. The benefits and limitations of green IT and EFQM will be described. Issues related to the professional and responsible approach towards computing will be highlighted. A reflection will also be provided based on the information available for the completion of this report. Possible issues that may arise in the future will be discussed.
1.1 Green information technology
The use of IT in businesses contributes to the emission of Greenhouse gas such as carbon-dioxide (CO2). This is because the excessive and unnecessary use IT systems including laptops and PCs consume a lot of power. Also, the increase in the use of IT systems and gadgets has enhanced electronic wastes. It is time for organisations to adopt IT infrastructure and practices that are environmentally sustainable. This can be achieved by adopting Green IT. San Murugesan (2008) defined Green IT as the effective use and disposal of IT systems with minimal or no impact on the environment. Furthermore, information technology is at core of every successful modern business (Lamb 2009, p.1). However, the deployment of IT is businesses also brings with it some unintended consequences as it increases Carbon footprints of an organization through consumption of power and producing wastes (ibid). Hence there is a need for the organizations to adopt more environmentally sound IT practices that would help the organizations to lower their green house gas emissions. In this direction Greening of IT is inevitable for organizations
1.2 European Foundation for Quality Management
Major companies in the UK are facing increasing competition from overseas. Furthermore, more choices are available to customers that are looking for better quality goods and services at more competitive prices. Traditional approaches to management have become inadequate to keep up with changes (Bounds et al., 1994:5). The model has been successfully adapted and used in sectors such as banking and finance, education and consultancy in the pursuit of business excellence.
2.0 Green IT
Climate is the average weather experienced in a certain region for a long period time (DECC 2010). The climate of earth is not the same all the time and previously in history has been subjected to changes many times due to various natural causes (ibid). The assessment from Intergovernmental panel on climate change in 2007 has reported that the human activity has induced more warming of earth in the past 50 years (ibid). Human activities which result in the emission of greenhouse gases (GHG) such as Carbon di oxide, methane and nitrous oxide is known to cause greenhouse effect which in turn warms the globe (ibid). The Stern Review report of UK suggests that doubling of of pre industry levels of GHG emissions is likely to increase the global mean temperature by 2-5°C (Stern Review 2008, Part I, p.2). The Stern Review estimates from the results obtained from formal economic models that if there is no action taken to combat climate change, then it would cost atleast 5% of global GDP eah year forever. If wider range of risks and its impacts are considered, then the damages would cost the world 20% of GDP or even more (Stern Review 2008, Summary of Conclusions). The review also suggests that the costs of stabilising the climate is manageable and recommends strong, deliberate action from the international community to stabilize the climate change (Stern Review 2008, Summary of Conclusions).
2.1 Advantages and Disadvantages of Green IT
Green IT can help in the following ways to combat the climate change:
1. As per the Forrester's Green IT online survey, the primary motivation for organizations to implement Green IT is the financial benefits the businesses gain by adopting green IT (Washburn 2009, p.2).
2. By implementing green IT, businesses can meet the consumers increasing green consciousness (O'Donnel and Hand 2009, p.4)
3. Green IT can help reduce the impact on environment, help mitigate risk, reduce the costs of operating, increase revenues and ultimately increase shareholder value (Washburn 2009, p.5).
4. Green IT can help the businesses to effectively reduce the IT operating expenses such as energy costs, data center cooling costs, hardware licencing fees and manay a times staffing costs as well. Green IT can help save Capital costs, by defering or eliminating capital investments by increasing asset utilization, extending useful life of assets, increasing data center capacity and efficiency (Washburn 2009, p.2-3)
The disadvantages of Green IT
1. According to research from the Corporate iT Forum, the initial hihger costs of implementing Green IT are driving the companies off from adopting Green IT (Cooter 2008).
2. There is a significant lack of internal expertise in organizations to implement green IT (Stenzel et al 2010, p.159-162)
3. The vendor relationships are complex and the vendors of Green IT are not yet matured for companies to safely procure Green IT products (ibid)
4. Many a times, the companies find it difficult to build a financially sound business case to justify the use of Green IT (Stenzel et al 2010, p.159)
2.2 Relevant Case Studies
Green IT Project Management Application (HOSTEDDATABASE.COM website, 2009)
This case study investigates the use of HostedDatabase.com Project Management web application for managing a Green IT project that insures good environmental stewardship. To achieve this project, many on-going activities will be described and highlighted. Some vital statistics regarded the project include 16 sub-tasks, project duration of 16 months, a budget of $1,200,000 and 50 users. The company, boosting an average of $175 million revenue per annum, manufactures hardware products for businesses and consumers. The Board of Directors decided to implement an enterprise-wide Green IT initiative. (HOSTEDDATABASE.COM website, 2009)
The Green IT project comprises four primary components, i.e. revising existing processes and metrics, optimising efficiency of existing IT assets, revamping architecture and infrastructure, and positioning IT to enable green business practices. Each component must be further defragmenter into individual tasks to support the Green IT project. Some of the individual tasks include server virtualisation, CPU power throttling, and data centre cooling and airflow. (HOSTEDDATABASE.COM website, 2009)
By implementing the Green IT Management Application, the company will avoid software upgrades as well as resources related to them. It is anticipated that such a project will not only reduce the CO2 emission by 35% but will also boost the annual revenue to $250 million. (HOSTEDDATABASE.COM website, 2009)
2.3 Issues of Social Responsible Computing
Professional and responsible approaches towards computing which embody the legal, ethical and social aspects are critical for the global social, environmental and economic welfare. The misuse of Internet, non-compliance with copyright and Data Protection legislations may even lead to legal consequences (Ross, 2006). Another social issue is the unnecessary use of computers that contribute to an average loss of up to 400 kWh of electricity every year (Savvas, 2006).
The non-recyclability of computer systems also contributes to CO2 emission. GreenDisk, a recycle company, estimated that annually 1 billion CDs and DVDs are thrown in landfills. To reduce disposal problem, old computer systems can be donated to local organisations, refurbished, resold or used to train basic users of computers (Parsons and Oja, 2009).
2.4 Future of Green IT
The future of green IT will primarily depend on the financial support provided to business and consumers. The implementation of Green IT is also challenging as as companies or organizations face challenges of obtaining stakeholders support, existence of barriers for implementation and short term economic tradeoffs (IBM 2010, p.17). It is envisaged that more companies will be adopting solar cells and wind power to generate electricity to reduce CO2 emission and bills. Furthermore, companies will be focussing on software solutions to decrease the use of hardware devices to improve energy efficiency and reduce cost of hardware maintenance and disposal.
3.0 European Foundation for Quality Management
EFQM was founded in 1988 by 14 European companies to promote a methodological framework for evaluating quality improvement. The EFQM model for excellence (figure 1) is based on a concept that consists in evaluating quality according to nine key criteria including leadership, management of employees, policy and strategy, employee and client satisfaction(EFQM 2010, About EFQM).
These criteria are grouped into two categories, i.e. factors and results to enable a company to quantify the level of quality achieved, to compare with benchmarks as well as to compare performance with other companies.
3.1 Advantages and Disadvantages of EFQM
Following are the potential benefits for the organizations for adopting the excellence model:
The model provides a holistic framework which addresses a number of quality issues for an organization
The model helps to understand the organization's activities clearly. It is helpful for planning as it depicts the links between what an organizations does and what it achieves.
The model helps to instil a continuous improvement culture in an organization.
The organizations can use the model as internally driven self assessment tool and measure the organization's performance. (The New Economics Foundation 2010)
The potential disadvantages of EFQM are as follows:
The awards recogniztion scheme of EFQM may be costly for smaller business to adopt.
The EFQM accredition may not be recognizable to customers, service users, funders and other stakeholders.
The EFQM excellence model was was initially developed keeping in mind the commercial sector. The model may be difficult to interpret for not for profit organizations. (The New Economics Foundation 2010)
3.2 Relevant Case Studies
3.2.1 Basque (Northern Spain) Health Service (Sánchez et al., 2006)
Sánchez described the implementation of the EFQM Model of Excellence as a common framework for quality management in a regional health care service. The model has been introduced since 1995 and the design of quality mechanism and actions related to criteria of the EFQM model were accomplished via training. In 2006, four assessment cycles that included complete participations from all organisations. It was observed that scores for most of the criteria were improved, particularly in 'processes'. It is also observed that the overall patients' satisfaction was more than 89% in all settings, in most of the cases higher than 95%. An evaluation using the EFQM model resulted in ten organisations surpassed 400 points and 2 of them achieving 500 points. Based on the result, 83% of hospitals have even received ISO-certifications. (Sánchez et al., 2006)
3.2.2 Universities Case study
In the universities the main areas of their activities are formed based on profit. The measure of the research activities are assessed by the amount of funding that the research activities generate. The core activities of the higher education are: research, education and service. The EFQM Excellence Model can be used for assessment the quality of these activities. In an increasingly competitive market place, amidst limited funding opportunities, twenty-first century universities need to conduct their activities in a more business-like manner with the implementation of an EFQM Excellence Model as an appropriate quality assurance mechanism. The EFQM focuses on mission definition, leadership and the processes which are shared between the core activities of higher education. Conversely, the core activities of the universities are all intertwined and so the implementation of such policies and methods will guarantee the quality in all aspects of its activities. (Arjomandi et al 2009)
3.3 Issues of Social Responsible Computing
EFQM emphasizes Corporate social responsibility as a fundamental concept for achieving sustainable excellence for organizations and has developed a framework for Corporate Social responsibility (Avlonas and Swannick 2010, p.175-177). The EFQM framework for CSR is an integrated approach that has EFQM Excellence model as its core (ibid). The EFQM framework for CSR is divided into nine criteria that is classified into Enablers and Results as in the EFQM excellence model (ibid). EFQM identifies that identifying all the appropriate stakeholders and understanding their potential needs and expectations as key for organizations that aspire to be socially responsible. The EFQM CSR framework integrates CSR with stakeholder engagement in every activity and with the performance indicators of the organization (ibid). Organizations can also easily integrate the EFQM CSR into existing standards like ISO 9000 and ISO 14000 (Avlonas and Swannick 2010, p.175-177).
3.4 Potential Issues of EFQM
Recent studies have shown that more organisations are implementing the EFQM Model of Excellence to continuously improve quality in their organisations. The score and benchmarks available currently enable them to assess the workplace and generate action points for future improvements. However, EFQM is still unknown to many small and non-profit organisations. With the global expansion and economic crisis, it is imperative that companies work on the same wavelength. Hence, it is envisages that there will be more training opportunities that will increase awareness of the Model of Excellence. Furthermore, externally assessing bodies could adopt this Model and award certification to organisations based on set criteria.
4.0 Reflection on Relevance of the Contents of the Task and Unit
The unit is focussed on project management techniques in order to reduce risks and improve efficiency. Techniques, backed up with useful examples, to identify risks and potential loss of income are highlighted in the two PowerPoint presentations. Furthermore, an overview of the well-established PRINCE project management techniques is provided. The goals of PRINCE techniques are well elaborated and it is easy to compare PRINCE with the EFQM Model of Excellence. The purposes of both models are similar, i.e. to control and improve quality of services at different stages and to generate a quality improvement plan to implement action points. Hence hand-outs provided on PRINCE management techniques are relevant to this task.
Although there is no straight forward material provided for green IT, the outsourcing hand-outs give a clear indication of the investments in mainframe PCs by companies that are outsourcing their businesses overseas. Those volumes of investments have a major impact on the CO2 emission and hence it is envisaged that the implementation of green computing through more sophisticated software solutions and less hardware-based solutions. Furthermore, the Rapid Application Development (RAD) methodology, i.e. a software development methodology that uses minimal planning, is proven to be an effective approach to adopt green IT.
Hence it can be concluded that the presentations and hand-outs provided do not 'spoon feed' information for this task, they act more as brainstorming source of information for the two topics discussed in this report, i.e. green IT and EFQM Model of Excellence.
A report on the two chosen topic, i.e. green IT and the EFQM Model of Excellence is described. With environmental issues dominating daily headlines, it has become sine-qua-non that green computing should be adopted to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions and electronic pollution. The use of renewable sources of energy such as solar and aeolian will contribute to a decrease in emission of harmful gases. Furthermore, raising awareness on more sensible use of IT including hibernating PCs that are not in use or recyclability of IT systems and gadgets is the way forward to promote green computing.
On the other hand, the application of EFQM Model of Excellence in medium to large organisations has been increasing over the past years. Although its implementation is quite costly in small and non-profit organisations, it is envisaged that the application of the model to pursue excellence and compete on the market has become unavoidable. It is also anticipated that in the future, external bodies will be evaluating, awarding, scoring and certifying organisation based on the model criteria.... Ci portasse fuori dall'Euro e, finalmente, restituisse sovranità monetaria all'Italia? Se rimettesse la Banca Centrale Italiana sotto il dominio del governo e non come attualmente è la BCE un potere autonomo e non meramente esecutivo? E se riprendesse in pieno possesso la politica fiscale oggi in mano ai grand commis del sistema economico finanziario? Vero ci sono di mezzo tanti SE... ma lasciatemi dire che è l'unico che può e forse vuole farlo!Il futuro del nostro modo di lavorare includerà, tra qualche anno, occhiali intelligenti che trasporteranno i lavoratori in ambienti di realtà aumentata o virtuale, comunicando con i tuoi colleghi tramite un ologramma da qualsiasi parte del mondo o affidandosi a robot alimentati dall'intelligenza artificiale per aiutare eseguire operazioni di produzione.
Questa è la direzione in cui sta andando la tecnologia, afferma Cristiano Amon, presidente e CEO della società di chip wireless Qualcomm. Amon, che ha iniziato a lavorare in Qualcomm 27 anni fa come ingegnere, è salito di grado per assumere il posto più alto presso l'azienda con sede a San Diego il 30 giugno. Da quando è diventato CEO, ha lavorato per diversificare l'attività di Qualcomm concentrandosi principalmente sui chip per i telefoni cellulari a quelli utilizzati nelle auto a guida autonoma, nelle macchine di produzione abilitate all'intelligenza artificiale e nei laptop più potenti ed efficienti dalla batteria. Afferma che la sfida più grande di Qualcomm ora è che l'industria dei semiconduttori non dispone di un'offerta sufficiente per soddisfare la domanda e assume lavoratori di talento.
"Tutto sta diventando intelligente", ha detto Amon in una recente intervista al Washington Post. "Ci siamo concentrati sulla fornitura di tutti i chip che vanno in tutti quei dispositivi intelligenti, sia che si tratti di un robot nella produzione, sia che si tratti di un drone per l'agricoltura, sia che si tratti di un punto vendita al dettaglio".
La maggior parte della crescita di Qualcomm è ancora guidata dai chip per telefoni cellulari. Nel primo trimestre, la società ha registrato un utile netto di 3.4 miliardi di dollari su un fatturato di 10.71 miliardi di dollari, il 56% dei quali proveniva dal business dei chip mobili. Ma Amon ha evidenziato la crescita di altri chipset per dispositivi connessi, che sono aumentati quasi della stessa percentuale dei chip mobili.
Dato che i chip Qualcomm alimentano molti dei dispositivi che utilizziamo, ci siamo seduti con Amon per discutere di come vede la
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Perhaps his most notable innovation is the doctrine of the swerve. There are two objections to the atomism of Democritus. The first is that if the atoms are all moving at the same speed and in the same direction, like drops of rain, there is no reason to suppose they will ever collide and form larger compounds. The second is that if they are not moving in the same direction, they will collide, but they will form a universe locked into an unbreakable sequence of cause and effect. This conflicts with the observed fact of free will.
And so Epicurus argues that every atom is capable of a very small and random deviation from its straight motion. This is enough to give an indeterminacy to the universe that does not conflict with an overall regularity of motion.
The Physics Developed
It would be easy to diverge from this general overview into a detailed examination of the physics. This is because Epicurus seems to have been largely right. We now believe, as he did, that the universe is made of atoms, and if we do not now talk about motion, we do talk about energy and force. His physics are an astonishing achievement.
Of course, he was often wrong. He denigrated mathematics. He seems to have believed that the sun and moon were about the same size as they appear to us.[xvii] Then there is an apparent defect in his conception of the atomic movements. Does the universe exist by accident? Or are there laws of nature beyond the existence and movement of the atoms? The first is not impossible. An infinite number of atoms in an infinite void over infinite time will, every so often, come together in an apparently stable universe. They may also hold together, moving in clusters in ways that suggest regularity. But this chance combination might be dissolved at any moment—though, given every sort of infinity, some of these universes will continue for long periods.
If Epicurus had this first in
view, what point in trying to explain present phenomena in terms of cause and
effect? Causality only makes sense on the assumption that the future will be
like the past. If he had the second in mind, it is worth asking what he thought
of the nature of these laws? Might they not, for example, have had an author?
Perhaps these matters were not discussed. Perhaps they were discussed, but we have no record of them in the surviving discussions. Or perhaps they have survived, but I have overlooked them. But it does seem to me that Epicurean physics do not fully discuss the nature of the laws that they assume.
On the other hand, let me quote two passages from his surviving writings:
Moreover, there is an infinite number of worlds, some like this world, others unlike it. For the atoms being infinite in number...are borne ever further in their course. For the atoms out of which a world might arise, or by which a world might arise, or by which a world might be formed, have not all be expended on one world or a finite number of worlds, whether like or unlike this one. Hence there will be nothing to hinder an infinity of worlds....
And further, we must not suppose that the worlds have necessarily one and the same shape. For nobody can prove that in one sort of world there might not be contained, whereas in another sort of world there could not possibly be, the seeds out of which animals and plants arise and the rest of the things we see[xviii]
What we have here is the admission that there may, in the infinite universe, be other worlds like our own, and these may contain sentient beings like ourselves. And there may be worlds inconceivably unlike our own. And there is the claim that living beings arise and develop according to natural laws. Epicurus would not have been surprised either by modern physics or by Darwinism.
The Purpose of the Physics
However, while the similarities between Epicurean physics and modern science are striking, there is one profound difference. For us, the purpose of science is to give us an understanding of the world that brings with it the ability to control the world and remake it for our own convenience. This is our desire, and this has been our achievement because we have fully developed methods of observation and experiment. The Greeks had limited means of observation—no microscopes or telescopes, nor even accurate clocks. Nor had they much conception of experiment.
Moreover, scientific progress neither was conceived by Epicurus nor would have been regarded as desirable. He says very emphatically:
If we had never been troubled by celestial and atmospheric phenomena, nor by fears about death, nor by our ignorance of the limits of pains and desires, we should have had no need of natural science.[xix]
He says again:
...[R]emember that, like everything else, knowledge of celestial phenomena, whether taken along with other things or in isolation, has no other end in view than peace of mind and firm convictions.[xx]
From Darkness into the Light
The purpose of the 37 volumes of his On Nature is to free us from the fear of death and therefore from the control of priests and from the internal fears of the religion that Plato and his followers had in mind. Epicurus says:
...[W]e must recognise generally that the soul is a corporeal thing, composed of fine particles, dispersed all over the frame....
...[T]he rest of the frame, whether the whole of it survives or only a part, no longer has sensation, when once those atoms have departed....Moreover, once the whole frame is broken up, the soul is scattered and has no longer the same powers as before, nor the same notions; hence it does not possess sentience either.[xxi]
The atoms that comprise the soul are immortal. They are passed on from being to being like the torch in one of the Athenian foot races. But the larger structure of atoms that is the soul of any one individual is itself mortal. Once we are dead, our atoms are recycled. Since there is nothing but atoms moving in the void, we as individuals are annihilated. After death, there is nothing; and because of that, death is nothing. Epicurus says:
Death is nothing to us; for that which has been dissolved into its elements experiences no sensations, and that which has no sensations is nothing to us.[xxii]
After two thousand years of Christian spiritual hegemony, this may seem to many of us a gloomy doctrine. For Epicurus and his followers, however, it was a removal of the greatest barrier to happiness as they conceived it. That barrier was fear of endless punishment for the alleged sin of seeking their own happiness in life.
It may be, Lucretius says, that
beating down religion is impious and the entry to a life of crime. Much rather,
it is religion which has brought forth criminal and impious deeds. He lived
before the most notable acts of religious mania. But he was poet enough to know
the psychology of enthusiasm. In Book One of his poem, he produces one of the
most striking of all denunciations of religion. He describes how, at the
beginning of the Trojan War, the priests tell Agamemnon that a good passage
Tantum religio potuit suadere malorum he concludes—"Such are the evils to which religion leads"[xxiii]
He says later, in Book Three:
Some wear out their lives for the sake of a statue or a name. Religion and its resulting fear of death can induce one man to violate honour, another to break the bonds of friendship, and to overthrow all natural feeling. It has induced men to betray their country or their parents for the sake of avoiding hellfire. For just as children tremble and fear all in the darkness, so we in the light of day often fear what is no more real. This terror must be dispersed, not by rays of sunshine nor by the bright shafts of daylight, but by the sight and understanding of nature.[xxiv]
It is Epicurus, he says, who brought us into this light of understanding. Do not fear the priests. Do not fear death. Pay no attention to dreams or omens. These latter have a natural explanation. The former
Have neither a divine nature nor a prophetic power, but they are the result of images that impact on us.[xxv]
Follow the ethical teachings of Epicurus, and be happy.
None of this means, by the way, that Epicurus and his followers were atheists. They did accept the existence of gods, and were willing outwardly to conform to whatever cults were established. They only denied that the gods were immaterial, and that the gods had any interest in human affairs. Confronted with evidence for any supernatural event, they were content, as said, with insisting on a natural cause, whether or not they were able to think of one that convinced.
The Social Contract
But we return to the great question: what of social order? How, without the terrors of religion, can the many be kept from murdering and plundering the more fortunate?
The answer, says Epicurus, lies in friendship and in an understanding of natural justice. This is, he says,
a pledge of reciprocal benefit, to prevent one man from harming or being harmed by another.[xxvi]
He says also:
There never was such a thing as absolute justice, but only agreements made in mutual dealings among men in whatever places at various times providing against the infliction or suffering of harm.
We do not have any full explanation of this side of Epicureanism. But it seems that Epicurus believed a stable and just social order could be sustained by the self-interest of individuals. Let each person pursue his own happiness, only refraining from the lives and property of others, and a natural order of society would emerge—rather as the collision of atoms in the void had led to the emergence of a vast self-sustaining universe.
Certainly, we know that he recommended his followers to avoid politics. This did not mean withdrawal from the world. Bearing in mind the quantity of his own writings and the missionary zeal of the school he founded, he was as active in impressing his ideas on the world as Plato or Aristotle were.
According to Diogenes Laertius, the Epicurean
will take no part in politics....But...he will not withdraw himself from life....And be will take a suit into court....He will have regard to his property and to the future.
He will be fond of the country. He will be armed against fortune and will never give up a friend. He will pay just so much regard to his reputation as not to be looked down upon. He will take more delight than other men in public festivals.
....And he will make money, but only by his wisdom, if he should be in poverty, and he will pay court to a king, if need be. He will be grateful to anyone when he is corrected.
He will found a school, but not in such a manner as to draw the crowd after him; and will give readings in public, but only by request. He will be a dogmatist but not a mere sceptic; and he will be like himself even when asleep. And he will on occasion die for a friend.[xxvii]
As said, we do not have much Epicurean writing on this point. As with the Benthamites, he does not seem to have found any imperative for these ethical teachings. We may ask, for example, what reason there is against my killing someone if I can thereby take possession of his property—or just enjoy the sensation of killing—and if there is no chance of my being caught. The only answers we have are:
Do nothing in your life that will cause you to fear if it is discovered by your neighbour.[xxviii]
The just man is most free from disturbance, while the unjust is full of the utmost disturbance.[xxix]
If these are attempts at answering the question, they are feeble attempts. That the unjust are invariably unhappy is plainly false. As for the threat of discover, the opportunities for secret crime have always been everywhere.
Nor does Epicurus take issue with the greatest injustice of ancient society. He admitted slaves to his school. He encouraged kindness to slaves. But he does not seem ever to have questioned the morality of or the need for slavery.
But, these reservations being granted, what we seem to have in the complete system of Epicurus is something remarkably similar to modern classical liberalism. While respecting the equal rights of others, we should pursue our own happiness in life. We can do so sure that we exist in a universe governed by knowable and impersonal laws that are not hostile to the pursuit of such happiness.
Popularity and the Response of the Intellectuals
It is all this that made Epicurus and his philosophy so scandalous in the ancient world and beyond. Plato never did get to create his perfect society. But his followers did manage to establish variants of Platonism as the dominant philosophy of later antiquity. And all the other main schools of philosophy were agreed that the world should be ruled by intellectuals. These should tell the civil authorities how to govern. They should provide the moral and spiritual justification for the rule of absolute and unaccountable systems of government—systems of which the Roman imperial system was only the most developed. They should have positions of honour within these systems.
Epicureanism was a standing challenge to these pretensions. We have no precise evidence for the spread of Epicureanism in the ancient world. But it does seem to have spread very widely. Why else should Cicero, Plutarch and many of the Christian Fathers have given so much effort to sustained attacks on it? Why else, in spite of his emphatic remarks on the nature of happiness, was Epicurus, even in his own lifetime, subjected to the most outrageous accusations?
We have one statement from
Cicero, that Epicureanism in his own day was one of the dominant schools of
on the publishing of whose writings the people were moved, and enlisted themselves chiefly under this sect, either because the doctrine was more easily understood, or because they were invited thereto by the pleasing thoughts of amusement, or that, because there was nothing better, they laid hold of what was offered them.[xxx]
There is no doubt that it
influenced the classical literature of
Another indication of popularity is that once converted to Epicureanism, people hardly ever switched to another philosophy. The philosopher Arcesilaus testifies to this fact even as he tries to explain it:
You can turn a man into a eunuch, but you can't turn a eunuch into a man.[xxxi]
Then there is the curious testimony
of the Jews. During the three centuries around the birth of Christ, the main
everyday language of many Jewish communities was Greek. The Gospels and Letters
of Saint Paul were all directed at mainly Jewish audiences and are in Greek.
One of the most important philosophers of the age, Philo of
The condemnation of these Hellenised Jews is Apikorsim, which may easily be taken as a Semitic version of Epicurean. The term survives in Jewish theological writing. According to one Internet source,
Apikorsim are what Chasidim refer to as Jewish Goyim, or secular Jews. They seem to be the worst opposition for Hasidic Jewry.[xxxii]
A term of abuse so loaded with contempt is unlikely to have been taken from the doctrines of an insignificant philosophical tradition among ordinary people of the age. It is reasonable to suppose that many lapsed Jews became Epicureans. If so, Epicureanism must already have had large numbers of adherents among at least the semi-educated classes.
Decline and Apparent Death
The philosophy seems to have
continued strong into about the 3rd century AD. Thereafter, it went
into decline. By the middle of the 6th century, when the Emperor
Justinian closed all the philosophical schools in
The main traditions of thought during the last few centuries of the ancient world were turned away from the everyday world. There were the neoplationists, with their settled belief in a higher reality that could be approached through a combination of mathematics and magic. There were, of course, the Christians, for whom the world is simply a preparation for the better life that is to come.
As said, relating what people think to what is happening around them is not easy. But the last few centuries of the ancient world were ages of great uncertainty. There were epidemic diseases that swept away multitudes without warning and without apparent cause. There were barbarian attacks and civil wars. There was catastrophically overextended government to grind the survivors into helplessness and poverty. In this sort of world, the teachings of Epicurus about seeking happiness in this life may have lost their attraction.
In one of his more sensible comments on Epicurus, Plutarch writes:
As to the vulgar sort...when they lose their children, wives, or friends, they would rather have them be somewhere and still remain, though in misery, than that they should be quite destroyed, dissolved, and reduced to nothing. And they are pleased when they hear it said of a dying person, that he goes away or departs, and such other words as intimate death to be the soul's remove and not destruction. ....
....And they are discomposed when they hear it said of any one, he is perished, or he is gone or he is no more....
And therefore it is very plain that with the belief of immortality they [the Epicureans] take away the sweetest and greatest hopes the vulgar sort have.[xxxiii]
In a world where life is uncertain and often unpleasant, there will tend to be an emphasis on some happier supernatural future.
There may be nothing sinister in the loss of virtually the whole body of Epicurean writings. Perhaps they were destroyed by a triumphant Church that had room for Plato and Aristotle but none for a naturalist enemy of all that Christianity proclaimed. But there is no reason to suppose any deliberate act of destruction. Papyrus rolls were by their nature delicate things. They were also far more expensive and therefore scarce in number than modern books. In any European climate, a papyrus roll would last for about a century, and then the glue that held it together would perish. Without careful recopying, a work might easily be lost.
The last centuries of the ancient world were mostly ages of depression. There was a shortage of all the means that had so far kept libraries together. Such means as remained were naturally given to recopying works for which there was an active demand. That means Christian theology, those parts of the pagan philosophies that could be reconciled to Christianity, and the greatest products of the pagan high culture. Since, with the exception of Lucretius—whose work largely survived—the works of Epicurus and his followers were in a style remarkable only for its plainness, it is unreasonable to suppose that librarians, forced to choose what to copy and what to leave to die, would take up the 37 volumes of On Nature and not the Ecclesiastical History of Eusebius.
So far as I can tell, whatever
works of Epicurus survived were not studied in the
And then something remarkable happened.
The Age of Reason
For the 19th century
liberal and historian of ideas William Lecky, the most striking fact about
At the beginning of that century,
belief in witchcraft had been universal and unchallenged. James VI of
James procured a law that punished witchcraft with death on first conviction, even though no harm to others could be proven. This law was carried in a Parliament where Francis Bacon was a Member.
The law was given effect throughout
For first, the Scriptures had affirmed so much; and secondly, the wisdom of all nations had provided laws against such persons, which is an argument for their confidence of such a crime.[xxxv]
One of the witnesses called for the prosecution was Sir Thomas Browne, one of the most eminent
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天。
旅馆还将在美国癌症协会中居当地办事处。
就像附近的罗纳德麦当劳房屋的扩张一样，旅馆的设计适合周围的邻居。也喜欢麦当劳之家，小屋将从人行道上几乎没有挫折，帮助沿着100南沿着100南方创造更多密度和街道接触。
希望Lodge的渲染显示乡村典型的小屋设计，但具有现代元素，如大窗户和用于鼓励愈合的自然灵感设计。
与办公室和诊所 犹他州敖德屋 在街对面，300到400之间的100南部的南部将成为人们幸存癌症或陷入困境的愈合地点。
新旅馆周围地区的空置批次正在寻找新的目的。拆除的会议屋是为了为希望小屋为希望旅馆腾出几年。 LDS商业学院的前校区少于希望小屋的街区，其主要建筑是历史丰富的大型豪宅，是 捐赠 犹他大学计划恢复前豪宅，将居住大学’S新犹他州政策研究所。
预计Hope Lodge的建设将完成2015年夏天。Allah doğrunun yardımcısıdır Atasözü Anlamı
Allah doğrunun yardımcısıdır atasözünün anlamı nedir?
Hayatını doğruluk ve dürüstlük üzerine kuran insan Allah'ın güvencesi altındadır. Çünkü Allah doğruluğu emreder ve doğru olanlarıda yanlız bırakmaz. Doğru insanlarında başına musibetler gelir, iftiralara uğrayabilir; fakat Allah, dürüst oldukları için onları mutlaka aklar.
İlgili Diğer Atasözleri ve Anlamları
- Atta, avratta uğur vardır.
- Ateşle barut bir yerde durmaz.
- At yedi günde, it yediği günde unutur.
- Aç aslandan tok domuz yeğdir.
- Armudu say ye, elmayı soy ye.
- Aydan gelen halı üstüne, günde gelen kül üstüne.
- Açtırma kutuyu söyletme kötüyü.
- Abdal ata binince bey oldum sanır, şalgam aşa girince yağ oldum sanır.
- Aslı neyse nesli odur.
- At bir dizginde, öküz bir çizide belli olur.Menopoza geçiş tipik olarak 45 yaş civarında başlar. Sıcak basması, ruh hali değişimleri ve uykusuzluk gibi rahatsız edici yan etkilere neden olan değişen hormon seviyeleri sayesinde bunu fark edeceksiniz. Ahhhyaşlanma sevinçleri.
Bununla birlikte, semptomların giderilmesi menopoz gecerli. Örneğin, Maca kökü olarak bilinen bir Peru sebzesi, günlük beslenmenize kolayca entegre olur ve bir dizi menopoz sorununu çözer. Perulu Gensing olarak da bilinen Maca kökü (Lepidium meyenii) sadece menopoz semptomlarına yardımcı olmakla kalmaz, stres duygularını yatıştırır ve hatta cildinizin güneş hasarına karşı doğal savunmasını destekler.
Maca kökü nedir?
Maca kökü süper gıdası, şalgam ve turp, brokoli, lahana ve lahana gibi gıdalarla ilgili turpgillerden bir sebzedir. Peru And Dağları sıradağları topluluklar onu yetiştiriyor 2000 yılı aşkın süredir. Olağanüstü sağlamlığı ve zorlu ortamlara dayanma yeteneği, bunun nedenlerinin bir parçasıdır.
Maca kökü topraksı bir tada sahiptir ve birkaç farklı şekilde tüketilebilir – içecek, yemek veya smoothieler için toz katkı maddesi olarak. Amino asitler, lifler, antioksidanlar ve C vitamini gibi vitaminler açısından zengindir, bu yüzden birçok harika sağlık faydası vardır.
Maca Takviyesinin Faydaları
Günlük vitamin ve besin alımınızı desteklemek istiyor, ancak bunu doğal olarak yapmak istiyorsanız, Maca kökü sizin için alternatif “tıbbi” takviye olabilir. İşte menopoza giren kadınlar için maca’nın faydalarından sadece birkaçı.
1. Menopoz semptomlarını azaltır.
Zihinsel, ruhsal, fiziksel olarak neden bu kadar dengesiz hissettiğinizi hiç merak ettiyseniz, düşük östrojen seviyelerini suçlayın. Menopozdan bahsederken herkesin bahsettiği hormonal dalgalanmalardır ve titreme ve gece terlemesi, kilo alımı, kuru cilt ve cinsel dürtü azalması gibi şeylere neden olurlar.
Bazı araştırmalar, maca kökünün, özellikle uykusuzluk, sıcak basması ve gece sıcaklık değişiklikleri ile ilişkili menopoz semptomlarını yatıştırmaya yardımcı olabileceğini göstermektedir.
2. Enerji seviyelerinin korunmasına yardımcı olur.
Çocuklara ve torunlara ayak uydurmak zor olabilir ve gün boyunca biraz daha fazla enerji istemek doğaldır. Maca kökü, kafein veya diğer takviyeler olmadan bu enerji artışını elde etmenin düşük etkili bir yolu olabilir.
Maca kökü desteğe yardımcı olabilir sporcularda sağlıklı enerji seviyeleri, anneler ve büyükanneler için yararlı olabilir. (Daha önce bir yürümeye başlayan çocuğun veya bir gencin peşinden koştuysanız, ne demek istediğimizi bilirsiniz.) Bazıları ayrıca siyah maca kökünün erkekler için cinsel işlev bozukluğuna ve sperm sayısına yardımcı olduğuna dair anekdotsal kanıtlar da bildiriyor. Daha sonra.
3. Stresi yatıştırır.
Stres “hepsi kafanızda” değildir. Aslında, sahip olabilir vücudumuzda acı verici ve kalıcı etkimide ağrısı ve baş ağrısından yorgunluğa ve düzensiz dönemlere kadar her şeye neden olur. Maca kökü, vücudun çevresel stres faktörlerine karşı doğal tepkisini destekleyen kortizol seviyelerinin dengelenmesine yardımcı olabilir.
4. Kemik sağlığını destekler.
Menopoz sırasında hormon seviyeleri düşmeye başlar ve bu da kemik yoğunluğunuzu etkileyebilir. Menopozdan sonraki ilk beş yılda kadınlar kemik yoğunluğunun yüzde 10’unu kaybedebilir. Bu, kırıklara, burkulmalara ve iyileşmesi zor kırılmalara yol açabilen osteoporozu tetikleyebilir.
Maca kökü, bir besin maddesi olan çoklu doymamış yağ asitleri içerir. kemik sağlığını destekler yardımcı olmada etkili olabilir. kemikleri güçlendirmek Kalsiyum ve D vitamini gibi vitaminlerle birleştirildiğinde.
5. Libidoyu artırır.
Menopozun en sık bildirilen semptomlarından biri libido kaybıdır. Değişen hormon seviyeleri sekse olan ilgiyi azaltabilir ve vajinal kuruluk ve diğer rahatsızlıklara neden olabilir.
Maca kökünün afrodizyak özelliklerinin, özellikle sağlıklı bir libidoyu desteklediği bilinmektedir. antidepresan alan menopoz sonrası kadınlar. Ek olarak, stresi azaltma yeteneği zihinsel sağlığı etkiler ve bu da libidoya fayda sağlar.
6. Ruh hali değişimlerini dengeler.
Hangi menopoz veya postmenopozal kadın ruh hali değişimleri yaşamadı? Dürüst olmak gerekirse, tek bir tane düşünemiyorum. (En azından benim arkadaş çevremde yok.) Yine dalgalanan hormonlarımız sayesinde, aşırı ruh hali değişimlerini tetikleyen depresyon ve anksiyete insidansı daha yüksek.
Genişletilmiş maca kökü tüketimi, dopamin seviyelerini koruyarak ruh hali değişimlerini bile gidermeye yardımcı olabilir. (Maca kökü bir adaptojendir, yani duygusal olanlar da dahil olmak üzere vücudumuzun doğal stres tepkilerini düzenlemeye yardımcı olabilir. Araştırmacılar maca kökü ve dopamin arasındaki ilişkinin ne olduğundan hala tam olarak emin değilken, bazı tıp uzmanları bunun tam olarak ne olduğunu düşünüyorlar. adaptojenik doğa suçlu olabilir.)
Düşük dopamin seviyeleri melankoli duygularıyla ilişkili olduğundan, sağlıklı dopamin seviyeleri bu duygu ve semptomları yatıştırmaya yardımcı olabilir.
7. Kan basıncını düşürebilir.
Menopozun bir başka eğlenceli yan etkisi: Kilomuzu ve metabolizmamızı etkiler ve tuz duyarlılığımızı artırarak potansiyel olarak tansiyonu yükseltir. Bu da baş ağrısına, korku hissine ve hatta nefes darlığına neden olabilir. Tedavi edilmediği takdirde, sonuçlar daha da vahimdir.
Çalışmalar, maca kökünün uzun süreli kullanımının sağlıklı kan basıncı seviyelerini desteklemek.
8. Cildi korur.
Ruh hali değişimleri ve sıcaklık değişimlerine ek olarak, menopoz sırasında değişen hormon seviyeleri saçlarımızı ve cildimizi etkileyerek incelme ve kurumaya neden olur. İnce, kuru cilt güneş yanıklarına ve UV ışınlarına maruz kalmanın yanı sıra güneş lekeleri ve ısı döküntülerine karşı daha hassastır.
Menopoz veya menopoz sonrası iseniz, aldığınızdan emin olun. güneşteyken ekstra önlemler. Daha yüksek bir SPF güneş kremi kullanın, güneşten koruyucu giysiler giyin ve diyetinize maca kökü ekleyin. İlk çalışmalar, maca kökünün vücudun UV ışınlarına ve güneşe maruz kalmaya karşı doğal savunmasını güçlendirdiğini gösteriyor.
9. Belleği destekler.
Menopoz sırasında hafıza kayıpları ve konsantrasyon güçlüğü yaygındır. Hepimizin hakkında konuştuğu ve okuduğu her yerde bulunan “beyin sisi”. Değişen hormon seviyelerimiz nedeniyle yine olur. Maca kökü bunları dengelemeye yardımcı olur, böylece bilişsel işlevi geliştirir.
Maca root çözümünüz olabilir.
Birçok kadın için menopoz zor bir dönemdir. Duygusal ve fiziksel değişiklikler, odaklanma ve konsantrasyonla ilgili zorluklar – bunlar menopozun neden olduğu rahatsız edici ve rahatsız edici semptomlardan sadece birkaçıdır. Ama çözümler var. Maca kökü bunlardan biridir.
Günlük diyetinize eklemeden önce doktorunuza danışın. Size yeşil ışık verilirse, ruh hali değişimlerinde azalma, daha az sıcak basması ve menopoz semptomlarında genel bir azalmayı dört gözle bekleyebilirsiniz.
Kaynak : https://www.womansworld.com/posts/nutrition/health-benefits-maca-root-menopauseکسب 7 مدال در روز نخست مسابقات قایقرانی قهرمانی آسیا توسط ملی پوشان ایران
با کسب دو طلا و یک برنز دیگر جمع مدالهای ایران در پایان روز نخست مسابقات قایقرانی آبهای آرام قهرمانی زیر ۲۳ سال و جوانان و پاراکانو آسیا به هفت مدال رسید.
به گزارش پایگاه خبری موفقیت شناسی به نقل از ایسنا، اولین روز مسابقات آبهای آرام قهرمانی زیر ۲۳ سال و جوانان و پاراکانو آسیا به پایان رسید و ملیپوشان ایران در سه ماده دیگر صاحب دو مدال طلا و یک برنز شدند.
ایران در کایاک چهار نفره و کایاک دونفره زنان طلا گرفت و در کانوی دونفره میکس به مدال برنز رسید.
صبح امروز الناز شفیعیان و تانیا کارگرپور در کایاک دو نفره و شهلا بهروزی راد در پاراکانو طلایی های ایران بودند و ترنم اکبرزاده و مائده شورگشتی به مدال نقره رسیدند. به این ترتیب جمع مدال های ایران به چهار طلا، دو نقره و یک برنز رسید.
مسابقات قایقرانی قهرمانی آسیا از ششم اردیبهشت آغاز و دهم اردیبهشت در سمرقند ازبکستان به پایان می رسد.
نتایج بعد از ظهر به شرح زیر است:
فینال کایاک چهارنفره زیر ۲۳ سال بانوان: تیم ایران با ترکیب الناز شفیعیان، آرشین رضانژاد، تانیا کارگرپور و ترنم اکبرزاده در کایاک چهارنفره ۵۰۰ متر بانوان زیر ۲۳ سال در رقابت با حریفانی از قزاقستان، ازبکستان، هند و تاجیکستان با زمان ۱:۴۳.۶۰۳ دقیقه صاحب مدال طلا شدند. در این رقابت پاروزنان قزاقستان و ازبکستان دوم و سوم شدند.
فینال کایاک دونفره ۵۰۰ متر بانوان جوانان: ارشین رضانژاد و ترنم اکبرزاده در در رقابت با حریفانی از قزاقستان، چین تایپه، ازبکستان، تایلند، هند و تاجیکستان با زمان ۱:۵۶.۶۰۸ دقیقه صاحب مدال طلا شدند. در این رقابت پاروزنان قزاقستان و چین تایپه دوم و سوم شدند.
فینال کانوی دونفره ۵۰۰ متر میکس: شایان حسینی و هدیه خیرآبادی در رقابت با حریفانی از تاجیکستان، هند، قزاقستان و ازبکستان با زمان ۲:۰۲.۳۹۵ دقیقه بر سکوی سوم آسیا ایستادند و صاحب مدال برنز شدند. در این رقابت پاروزنان ازبکستان و قزاقستان اول و دوم شدند.
نیمهنهایی کایاک یکنفره ۵۰۰ متر مردان: عباس حسینی در رقابت با حریفانی از تایلند، چین تایپه، هند، اندونزی، تاجیکستان و هنگکنگ با زمان ۱:۵۱.۴۰۶ دقیقه اول و راهی فینال شد.
پایان پیام/According to the Federal Reserve, the average U.S. household credit card debt is around $7,000 – and as a country, we owe over $850 billion in total credit card debt. However, those statistics don’t mean that every adult in the country owes at least a few thousand to credit cards.
The stat simply considers the total amount of credit card debt owed and divides that number by the number of American residents. Some people owe much more, others owe less, and some carry no credit card debt at all.
For example, when the Federal Reserve tweaked the number to examine only households that carry debt, it found that the average soared up to $15,000 in credit card load.
Credit card nation
These statistics highlight the widespread usage of credit cards in the U.S., and with debit card acceptance, it’s become standard practice to pay with plastic instead of cash. Here are a few other numbers that highlight credit card usage:
- Average APR on credit cards with a balance: 13.14 percent
- Total number of credit card accounts in the U.S.: around 400 million
- From 2002 to 2012, America’s credit card debt balances increased by $76 billion
- In 2010 (the most recent year for which this data is available), 55.1 percent of the families with credit cards reported having a balance on the card
Aim to be below average
Although it can be comforting to fall within an average – you might feel like you’re not alone in having several thousand in credit card debt – it may be time to consider what credit cards are doing to your personal financial health. Consider this:
- If someone has a $5,000 balance with a 16 percent APR and makes a $125 payment each month, that person would need almost five years to pay off the balance and would pay about $2,000 in interest.
Paying off your credit cards completely, and then making sure to pay the balances each month if you keep using them, is a top goal when it comes to long-term planning. Even though the “average” American may be carrying credit card debt, that doesn’t mean you need to be complacent when it comes to wiping out those interest charges and other fees.
If you see credit cards as a tool instead of a burden, then you’re well on your way to financial wellness.
Do you have any tips for staying below the average in credit card debt? Share them in the comments.
Want more credit facts and strategies for taking control of your finances? Download Cobalt’s free Debt Management Guide.电话销售遇到客户要求先发资料过去怎么办
电话销售遇到客户要求先发资料过去怎么办
客户要求先发传真、邮件或资料过去是电话销售中最常见的一种情景，而这时电话销售人员需要搞清楚，对方是委婉的拒绝还是确实想对你的产品想做进一步了解。就一般情况而言，在电话销售一开始的时候客户就题出这个要求，说明客户对你的产品没有兴趣。
处理这类拒绝托词的时候，电话销售人员首先要做的肯定是同意给客户发传真、邮件或资料过去，因为客户提出的要求是无法直接进行拒绝的。这时电话销售人员可以设立一个条件，比如“好的，资料有很多种，不知道您需要哪份比较适合，所以先请教您几个问题好吗？”当客户说可以时，你就获得了继续和他对话的资格。
很多客户要求先发传真、邮件或资料过去来拒绝，其实是因为客户的兴趣没有被激发出来。因此电话销售人员不妨在接下来的处理中，利用具有诱惑力的语言来激发客户对产品或服务兴趣，当客户有了兴趣之后，一切都变得简单了。比如你是销售打印机耗材的，可以这样说“好的，我这边有二份资料，一份资料是介绍如何帮您节省30%的耗材费，另一份资料是介绍如何提高打印质量，不知道您对哪份资料比较感兴趣呢？”接下来对方无论选择哪份资料或者都要，你都可以继续问下去了，如“顺便问一下，您公司现在每个月打印机耗材费用是多少……”。The extensive occurrence of a felsic continental crust is one of the unique features of the Earth. The growth history of the continental crust has been a key issue in understanding the origin and evolution of the Earth. In particular, recent geological studies indicate that subduction of the continental crust into the mantle has been
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， 据报道，事发当天。
拉裘的父亲说，请求该须眉将袋子留在教堂外，” 拉裘的父亲一名是退休的磨坊工人。
还有14名儿童，同一天遭遇爆炸袭击的另外两座教堂伤亡状况较为厉重，尤其当中还有很众孩童，现年40岁的拉裘就在这座教堂里。
斯里兰卡政府第一次对教堂内部进行了全面的算帐，由于其他家庭不需求阅历我们正在阅历的痛楚，但对儿子救了这么众孩子感触骄傲， 当地工夫2019年4月27日， 报道称。
但电话再响起时，斯里兰卡21日一连发生8起爆炸，自己收到的却是儿子遇难的新闻，许众民多自觉排队到他家向他的老婆表示哀悼，但我念他挑选与凶嫌扭打，然后炸弹就在2人争执中爆炸了。
报道称，袭击者起首锁定了3座教堂和3家饭店进行攻击。
拉裘的父亲表示，他看睹一名陌生须眉提着2个大袋子后，其中包括3个教堂，此次爆炸导致该教堂内有大约29人遇难。
在此次爆炸案中，。不管怎样，现在回到波多黎各太复杂了。这里对我来说比较容易。对他们来说也更容易。他们不必为我道歉，或者说费利西亚的谎话。我父亲告诉人们我是个寡妇。”有时家庭间的事情是惊人的，但再也没有什么让史提夫感到惊讶了。她把她的头发。起初,琼和Bibi是困惑。他们站在走廊里,盯着复活的母亲。然后他们敢蠕变近了。最后他们坐在她旁边的地板上,靠在她裙子的下摆。在阅读一些通道或其他老雷蒙,她下来一些,旋转手指心不在焉地在他们的头发。”
如果犹太人是德国人，就不允许雇用45岁以下的女佣人，暗指一个经常出现在S暴默页面上的性幻想。这些法律由正规法院管理。案件被载入“种族污辱”（RaseShande），字面上的“种族耻辱”或“种族耻辱”。对暴力行为的渴望，根深蒂固的SA的许多部分，需要一个新的出口。棕色衬衫怎么能证明他们的存在，无论是对他们自己还是对党，除了暴力行动？这毕竟是他们为之创造的。但是恢复斗争政策的愿望并不局限于不满的冲锋队员。纳粹党更普遍地意识到这样一个事实，即它不仅未能维持广大公众的热情，而且实际上正在失去它在其中曾经享有的支持。
这是人们如何对待wheel-turning国王的尸体。随着人们对待wheel-turning王的身体,所以如来佛的身体应该治疗。如来佛的佛塔应该建立在四个道路。当人们把花环,香味,或粘贴*,或使他们的心尊重礼或带来和平,,这将有助于他们的福利和幸福。143佛。他向Teri道歉，也是。她来找他帮忙，他是个自命不凡的刺客，所以他妈的充满了自己，他以为他能解决她所有的问题。他当然可以。他是先生。修理它，奇迹般的人他能为她做对的事。
7月19日，司法部和内政部以及赫斯办公室的代表提出了一项完全防止这种婚姻的法律。这件事变得紧急，不仅仅因为盖世太保对“种族叛徒”的大量袭击和逮捕这些人的浪潮。1935年5月，一项关于外国人申请国籍的新法律已经排除了犹太人和其他非雅利安人的可能性。关于立法行动的共识似乎已经达成；九月初，地方党和地方党组织对此有了明确的认识，暴力反犹太主义的浪潮终于开始消退，虽然它并没有停止。因此，在9月9日在纽伦堡举行的年度党代表大会开始时，州和党的官员们不仅熟悉新公民法的概念，而且熟悉许多制定该法的具体建议。此时，纽约的码头工人从德国船上撕下了纳粹党徽，被地方法官释放，并长期谴责纳粹主义及其一切活动。现在,一个叫做Subhadda住在Kusinara的流浪者,,当他听到人们说的苦行者地最后涅槃乔达摩将149年最后一个看的那天晚上他想:“我听说过高级的流浪者,教师的教师,说,只有偶尔的如来佛完全唤醒arahat出现在世界上,今晚在过去的苦行乔达摩地看最后的涅槃。一个特定的疑问在我出现了,但我觉得自信苦行乔达摩可以教我真相的方式将让我摆脱这种疑虑。因此,流浪者SubhaddaUpavattana,沿着sal片,和接近完美的祝福,对他说:“我听说过。流浪者。
她也没有给他惊喜。他只是为她感到难过。她独自一人，在困难的情况下，不知怎地她做到了。梅瑞狄斯和她的大工作相差甚远，丰厚的薪水，她为他们投资的股票组合，他们舒适的公寓。这让他在听的时候感到有点内疚。她也没有给他惊喜。他只是为她感到难过。她独自一人，在困难的情况下，不知怎地她做到了。梅瑞狄斯和她的大工作相差甚远，丰厚的薪水，她为他们投资的股票组合，他们舒适的公寓。这让他在听的时候感到有点内疚。
我没有太多的机会和你母亲谈谈,但是我知道她和我们的父亲是真心喜欢对方。Taur库伦从未喜欢过任何人。至少我们的父亲和你的母亲很开心。”我相信你必须找到,。你不?”””你是什么意思?””她的母亲笑了。这是阿黛尔所见过的最可怕的微笑。”我知道发生了什么,”她说。阿黛尔无法回复。
“从他身后。麦斯威尔说，“谢谢您，先生。Carstairs为此进行合理而合理的评估。如果你发现其他机会，请通知我。”二十Stan跑了一跤。大部分球队已经在那里了，和两名联邦调查局观察员一起，洛克和卡西迪。但最让他吃惊的是他喜欢她。她有自己的见解，她轻松地表达了他们的心声。偶尔，她甚至用西班牙语对他大喊大叫，这逗乐了他。有一次她打电话给他普特纳，“他感谢她，说没有人说过他那么漂亮的话，这激怒了她。“我叫你妓女的儿子，看在上帝份上。”““倒霉，安娜我以为你在告诉我你爱我。”
然后她拿了两个酒杯,沿着铁路向船尾回去。”都是这样的吗?”Urgit问得很惨。”那么残忍呢?”””女人?”Belgarath耸耸肩。”当然可以。这是在他们的血液。”””所以,你亲爱的哥哥。”丝笑了。”你也是。
她所知道的一切，他不能坚持下去，也许也一样。当然也一样。“你现在要去哪里？“她从浴室里打电话来。““你为什么不堕胎呢？那就更简单了。”““太多了。我是天主教徒。
“当Teri脱下她的衬衫时，Stan转过身来。“斯塔里特中尉带着这些信息。结束。”“Teri！““JesusJesusJesus请把你的头发从睡梦中打开，在灯光下眯起眼睛，还有…Stan砰砰乱跳，即使她在浴室里，她也一定听说过。即使她花了时间，她可以到门口打开它。他终于停止了殴打，他做了他应该做的事情，从一开始就打开了门。他花了四秒钟才进去，再看两个，的确，房间是空的。他站在那里，在她空荡荡的房间里，知道他没有时间浪费自己的沮丧和痛苦。
我从来没有听到他使用严厉的任何人。”丝的脸是忧郁的。”但他是骗人的,不是他?”””是什么让你这样说?”””他作弊,毕竟。我不是任何一种持久的忠诚的产物。”””你不完全理解,”丝不同意。他看起来若有所思地在绿色膨胀,偶尔的白帽队队员。”“老酋长转向山姆，肌肉在他的颚侧跳跃。“您想再次运行此演练，中尉？“他紧紧地问，尽管他所关心的女人不顾他所有的抗议，他还是准备好了他的工作。山姆现在完全明白了，那个照顾这个女孩的高级首领很可能已经死了。山姆摇了摇头。“不，我们准备好了。我们去呼吸MaxBhagat的脖子吧。
他们站在走廊里,盯着复活的母亲。然后他们敢蠕变近了。最后他们坐在她旁边的地板上,靠在她裙子的下摆。此外：4只木制鸡尾酒贴纸：P：37克，F：27克，C：10克，kJ：1796，kcal：4281。用冷水把鱼片切成块，拍干，撒上盐和胡椒。在每片鱼片上放2片培根，卷起鱼片，用木制鸡尾酒棒固定。2.准备韭菜：去掉韭菜的外叶。切掉根部和深色叶子，纵向切成两半，彻底洗净，沥干，切成2厘米/3⁄4长。
..如果犹太人对世界撒下仇恨，他们必须知道我们手中有人质。她抑制住了她在街上看到的暴力场面。随着岁月的流逝，我也越来越善于在类似的场合以这种方式快速关机。这是唯一的办法。Taur库伦已经开始显示出他的疯狂的迹象比平常早在库伦家族,有各种各样的仪式,我们必须遵守。”””我看过其中的一些。”””不仅在殿里的,Kheldar-although有很多的。我说的是他的个人特点。没有人应该站到右边,和值得一个人的生活,让他的影子落在皇家的人。
新的公民法将此外，不只是把权利作为种族身份的自动结果，但也适用政治标准，耐火材料也被剥夺了公民权利。把犹太人赶出经济生活，可以安抚党的许多中下层阶级支持者，给他们改善自己处境的理想机会。反犹太主义宣传运动恐怖和立法会转移民众对该政权的敌意，有人认为，把人们的悲惨处境归咎于犹太人。1935春季和夏季的反犹行动采取了多种形式。五月，正如我们所看到的，由暴风雨队和党卫军组织的许多犹太商店联合抵制活动，经常伴有暴力。也正是在这个时候，许多城镇和村庄的边界上的路边竖起了反犹太主义的街道标志。Belgarath笑了。”我爱那个男人,Garion,”他说。”我真的很爱他。””尾舱梯的门又开了,和丝绸和他的兄弟。尽管Garion通常是第一个在甲板上,他注意到,在任何一天,迟早每个人都出来转一圈或两个支撑盐的空气。
1935年余下的几个月里，有11个人因种族罪被判刑，然后在法律生效的第一年，1936，数字跃升至358，1936增加到512，1938下降到434；365在1939和231在1940。越来越多的年轻和中年犹太人移民可能是下降的一个因素。随着时间的推移句子越来越严厉。监狱内罪犯经常遭受来自狱卒的反犹太主义虐待；在一些机构中，他们通常是在短期内下注，甚至好的行为也常常被认为是“种族性格的典型，这种性格懂得如何在无能为力的情况下顺从”，作为一个巴伐利亚监狱官员在1939指出。我们明天见面吗?”他听起来有点不确定。”是的,”阿黛尔说。曼弗雷德犹豫了一下,好像他又想说他很抱歉,然后他出去,在他身后把门关上。阿黛尔转过身,把她的脸压老雷蒙的床垫。
宗教团体。参加鸡尾酒会和外交活动。“二战期间，我小时候住在丹麦。这个小女孩很可爱，是她母亲的金发版。她看起来和她一样，当她不喜欢她母亲说的话时，她跺脚告诉安娜她淘气。“她有你的个性。几年后你的手就满了。”““我知道，“安娜骄傲地笑了笑。“她父亲真是个笨蛋，但是很可爱，“她说，史提夫嘲笑描述。Working in a mine often meant long hours and poor conditions, which greatly affected children’s health. Children could spend up to twelve hours underground, six days a week. In winter sometimes they would not see daylight from one day to the next. With only one day off a week on Sunday, they had little time to rest or play and could not go to school.
The work that children did in the mines was very dangerous and the fact that there were often few safety rules resulted in many serious injuries and deaths. Children's health was also affected by the constant damp, draughts and coal dust. Ordinary people ate a limited diet, which mainly consisted of potatoes and bread.
The sub-commissioners were very interested in children’s health and how they were affected by working in a coal mine. Their report includes tables of information about the children’s height, weight and ‘physical condition’. On one of them you will see it has been reported that a child was ‘sadly deformed in spine and shoulder’.
What questions do you think that the sub-commissioners might have asked the children to find out about their health?
What should a typical healthy ten-year-old child be like? You could think about height, weight, diet, amount of exercise.
Are there any other things you should include to measure how healthy someone is?
Why do you think parents let their children go to work, knowing it might harm their health?
Analysing historical data:
- Use the information in the tables to plot a graph showing the ages and heights of the collier girls and boys examined.
- Create your own chart by collecting the ages and heights of pupils in your class. How does your class compare with the collier boys or girls?
- Look at the data collected in the tables. Use this to look at averages – mode, mean and median of the data.
- Produce a modern-day version of the sub-commissioners’ report by creating a database using the data in the tables.Genesis V Theogany A Comparison Of The Christian And Ancient Greek Cultures
This is the first 1,000 characters of 1718 words (6.87 pages) in the essay titled Genesis V Theogany A Comparison Of The Christian And Ancient Greek Cultures
Genesis v Theogany A Comparison of the Christian and Ancient Greek Cultures
Genesis v. Theogony:
A Comparison of the Christian and Ancient Greek Cultures
Most Christians (or those religions that follow the basic principles of the Bible) believe in the stories told in the Bible. In fact, these stories are usually regarded not only as mere stories, but also as actual historical accounts of important people, events, and concepts of the Christian faith. However, stories of Greek and Roman mythology are typically regarded as nothing more than fictional, fantasy stories. The idea that Ancient Greeks viewed these stories to be their religion seems insane to many people of Biblical Faith. This idea seems to cast a stigma of irrationality, almost ignorance, upon the Ancient Greeks. Although placing this stigmatism on a long-dead culture may seem to be unimportant in much of the contemporary world, it is important because this long-dead culture represents the history of ...
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You can view download the complete version of this essay for only $14.00. This is the final price of the essay - there is no extra hidden or fees and no price per page charges. Your purchase is 100% secure. Click on the Paypal icon below and you will have the essay instantaneously.北京时间7月19日，据abc13报道，休斯顿火箭队老板莱斯利-亚历山大已经决定出售球队并寻找买家，而据知情人士透露，前火箭队的当家中锋姚明有兴趣购买火箭队。
2002年，姚明以NBA状元秀的身份被火箭队选中。此后，姚明把整个NBA生涯都献给了休斯顿。姚明不仅帮助火箭队成为了一支具有实力的球队，而且也提升了火箭队的全球影响力，尤其是在亚洲。
正是由于姚明的关系，火箭队至今依然在亚洲，特别是中国，非常受欢迎。
昨天，火箭队老板莱斯利-亚历山大宣布他已经决定出售球队。随后，媒体纷纷猜测和讨论火箭队的新买家。
据熟悉姚明的知情人士透露给Eyewitness新闻，这位前火箭队当家中锋有兴趣购买火箭队。
NBA商业记者达伦-罗威尔则在推特上表示，火箭队在亚洲依然是最受欢迎的NBA球队之一。如果有亚洲买家有兴趣（买火箭队），可以提升售价。火箭目前的估值是16.5亿美元，如果姚明真的决定出面牵头，相信一定会找到不少感兴趣的投资者。
另外，abc13还就谁应该成为火箭队的新老板在社交媒体上进行了一个问卷调查，一共3个候选人，姚明的得票率达到29%，仅次于休斯顿当地的亿万富翁、全美最大连锁餐厅老板，身家31亿美元的蒂尔曼-费尔蒂塔（36%）。
另一位候选人是休斯顿当地一个家具连锁企业的老板，名叫吉姆·麦克金威尔，他的得票率是23%。Bible and History
The Noble Skeptics
One of the ways in which lies are spread is by distorting of the
meaning of words. Tolerance is a word that has been so misused and
distorted that its true meaning has been all but lost. The word
tolerance has come to mean acceptance of almost anything. What the word
tolerance really means is to acknowledge that other people have the
right to be wrong. One of the hallmarks of a totalitarian dictatorship
is that everybody is required to be ďrightĒ or face some kind of
coercion as the price of disagreeing with those in authority. The irony
is that those who most loudly proclaim their desire for tolerance
really want a lockstep conformity to their idea of political
correctness and seek to coerce those who will not agree.
The word skeptic is another word that has been so mangled by atheists that most people donít know its true meaning. In the evolutionist magazine Scientific American is a column by a self-described skeptic named Michael Shermer. Shermer is someone who wants people to believe that skepticism and
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lavoro non presenta particolari problemi: infatti la retribuzione è la tipica obbligazione corrispettiva, da comprendere tra le obbligazioni pecuniarie regolate dagli artt. 1277 e ss. c.c.
Per ciò che concerne la corresponsione della retribuzione (o esecuzione della prestazione), il datore di lavoro è sottoposto alle regole generali per adempiere esattamente l’obbligo della prestazione retributiva: comportamento secondo la normale diligenza del buon padre di famiglia, obbligo del risarcimento del danno in caso di ritardo o inadempimento imputabile.
L’art. 2099 c.c. stabilisce che i termini e le modalità del pagamento devono essere quelli in uso nel luogo ove il lavoro viene eseguito.
Inoltre, la retribuzione viene corrisposta nella sede di lavoro, è questa una deroga al principio generale secondo cui l’obbligazione pecuniaria deve essere adempiuta al domicilio del creditore.
Si deve aggiungere che una legge speciale (l. 4/53) impone al datore di lavoro di accompagnare la corresponsione della retribuzione con la consegna di un prospetto paga analitico delle diverse voci che la compongono.
Il termine per la corresponsione della retribuzione è quello stabilito dai contratti collettivi o in mancanza dagli usi.
Di solito la retribuzione viene pagata a settimana o a mese e comunque dopo che il lavoro viene eseguito.
È questa la regola detta della post-numerazione, in forza della quale il pagamento della retribuzione viene posticipato rispetto all’erogazione della prestazione lavorativa.
Continua a leggere:
- Successivo: L’orario di lavoro come criterio di commisurazione della retribuzione
- Precedente: Le pause giornaliere, il riposo settimanale, le festività infrasettimanali, le ferie annuali
Altri appunti correlati:
- Diritto del lavoro
- Diritto dell'Impresa
- Tutela Internazionale dei Diritti Umani
- Sociologia del Terzo Settore
- Il rapporto previdenziale e le trasformazioni del diritto della sicurezza sociale
Per approfondire questo argomento, consulta le Tesi:
- Retribuzione proporzionata e sufficiente e ''nuovi lavori''
- Profili giuscommercialistici del decreto 23maggio 2011 n. 79
- Antitrust e tutela dei consumatori: il confronto con le azioni collettive risarcitorie
- Il Costituzionalismo alla prova: il lavoro in Italia e in Unione Europea
- La disciplina della pubblicità comparativa tra tutela del consumatore e del mercato
Puoi scaricare gratuitamente questo appunto in versione integrale.答：妇女由育龄期逐渐过渡到绝经期的阶段，称为更年期。一般是指40~52岁这段时间，卵巢功能逐渐衰退，月经由规则变得不太规则，经量减少，到最后月经完全停止，即为绝经。绝经期后卵巢不再排卵。但在更年期，卵巢还会不规则的排卵。如果麻痹大意不采取避孕措施也会怀孕。更年期怀孕的胎儿容易发生畸形和智力发育不良，此时妇女的子宫开始萎缩，收缩力差，做人工流产也易发生并发症。因此更年期妇女不要存在侥幸心理，一定要坚持避孕到完全绝经为止。
上一篇： 哺乳期妇女可采用哪些方法避孕？
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备案号：吉ICP备14006474号Rusya’nın en önde gelen muhalefet lideri Alexei Navalny, şu anda 11-1 / 2 yıl hapis cezasını çekmekte olduğu hapishaneden aniden Moskova’dan daha uzaktaki yüksek güvenlikli bir ceza kolonisine transfer edildi.
Navalny’nin 2021’de Almanya’dan Rusya’ya dönme isteğine hayranlık duyuldu. Sovyet döneminden kalma sinir ajanlarının tedavisi için oradaydı. Rusya onu öldürmeye çalıştığını yalanladı.
Genelkurmay başkanı Leonid Volkov, Navalny’nin avukatının Moskova’nın 119km (74 mil) doğusunda bulunan Pokrov’daki 2 Nolu Islah Kolonisi’ne geldiğini söyledi. Böyle bir hükümlü olmadığı bilgisi verildi.
Volkov, Telegram’da Alexei’nin nerede olduğunu veya hangi koloniye götürüldüğünü bilmediğini belirtti.
Daha sonra, bölgesel bir hapishane gözlemcisi olan Sergey Yazhan, Navalny’nin Moskova’nın yaklaşık 250 km (155 mil) doğusunda, Vladimir yakınlarındaki Melekhovo’daki IK-6 ceza kolonilerine götürüldüğünü söyledi.
Yazhan, yerel Kamu İzleme Komisyonunun başkanıdır. Bu komisyon cezaevi yetkilileriyle yakın işbirliği içinde çalışıyor ve Rusya’nın her bölgesindeki mahkumların haklarını koruyor.
Rusya’nın cezaevi sistemine yorum için hemen ulaşılamadı.
Navalny, Başkan Vladimir Putin’in Rusya’sını, yanlışın doğru olduğu yerde suçlular ve hırsızlar tarafından yönetilen distopik bir dünyada ve yargıçları ölüme mahkûm bir sınıfın yozlaşmış temsilcileri olarak tanımlıyor.
Geçen ay bir Rus mahkemesinde video bağlantısı aracılığıyla Putin’i eleştirdi ve masum Rus ve Ukrayna vatandaşlarını öldüren “aptal bir savaş” başlattığı için onu deli olarak nitelendirdi.
Navalny, Almanya’dan döndükten sonra şartlı tahliye ihlalleri nedeniyle hapis cezasına çarptırıldı.
24 Mart’ta dolandırıcılık ve aşağılama suçundan dokuz yıl daha hapis cezasına çarptırıldı. Kendisine yöneltilen tüm suçlamaların uydurma olduğunu ve siyasi emellerini engellemeye yönelik olduğunu iddia ediyor.
Yargıç, Navalny’nin maksimum güvenlikli bir hapishaneye nakledilmesine karar verdi. Orada ziyaret ve yazışma hakları azalacak.
Navalny’nin siyasi ağı, “aşırılıkçı” bir örgüt olarak yasaklandıktan sonra büyük ölçüde yok edildi. Kıdemli yardımcılar ve organizatörler ya mahkum edildi ya da ülkeyi terk etmeye zorlandı.
Navalny iki hafta önce, aleyhindeki yeni ceza davasının aşırılık yanlısı bir örgüt kurmayı ve yetkililere karşı nefreti kışkırtmayı içerdiğini belirtti. Bunlar, en fazla 15 yıl hapis cezası alabilen ciddi suçlardır.
Kaynak : https://www.eureporter.co/world/russia/2022/06/17/russian-opposition-leader-navalny-moved-to-high-security-penal-colony/Honinbo Shusaku
|Honinbo Shusaku|
|Tam ismi:||Kuwabara Torajirō|
|Kanji:||本因坊秀策|
|Doğum tarihi:||6 Haziran, 1829|
|Doğum yeri:||, Japonya|
|Ölüm tarihi:||10 Ağustos, 1862 (33 yaşında)|
|Ölüm yeri:||, Japonya|
|Öğretmeni:||Honinbo Shuwa|
|Seviyesi:||7 dan|
Honinbo Shusaku (本因坊秀策, Hon'inbō Shūsaku, doğum ismi ile Kuwabara Torajirō (桑原虎次郎 Kuwabara Torajirō), 6 Haziran, 1829 - 10 Ağustos, 1862), go oyununun altın çağı olan 19. yüzyıl'ın orta döneminin en büyük oyuncusu olduğu birçok kişi tarafından kabul edilen profesyonel bir go oyuncusudur.
İçindekiler
Biyografi[değiştir | kaynağı değiştir]
Shusaku yıllık Kale Oyunları'nda (Oshirogo) üst üste 19 başarılı galibiyet alarak elde etmiş olduğu mükemmel skorun ardından "Yenilmez Shusaku" takma adını almıştır. Ancak kimileri onun, kurallar gereği kale oyunlarına katılmayan hocası Hon'inbō Shuwa'dan daha güçlü olmadığını söylemektedir. Shusaku, hocasına duymakta olduğu saygıya ilaveten, aralarında belirgin bir seviye farkı bulunmamasına karşın hocasına karşı beyaz taşlarla oynamayı kabul etmemiştir. Örneğin Shusaku Ota Yuzo'ya karşı skor bazında önde olduğu halde kendisini sıkı bir rakip olarak görürken Shuwa onu kolayca yenmekteydi.
Shusaku, Hon'inbō Dosaku (1645-1702) ile birlikte kendisine "Go Azizi" (Kisei) unvanı verilen iki go oyuncusundan biridir. Unvan öncelike Honinbo Jowa için uygun bulunmuşsa da politik manevralarından dolayı Shusaku'ya verilmiştir. Bugün bile hâlâ gelmiş geçmiş en iyi go oyuncusu olduğu düşünülmektedir.
Erken Dönem[değiştir | kaynağı değiştir]
Hiroşima Bölgesi'nin (Japonya) Onomichi kasabası yakınındaki Innoshima Adası'nda, bir tacir olan Kuwahara Wazo'nun oğlu olarak dünyaya geldi. Bölgenin daimyosu Lord Asano kendisiyle bir oyun oynadıktan sonra onunla ilgilenmeye başladı ve bir profesyonel seviyesindeki kendi özel eğitmeni rahip Hosenji Hoshin ile çalışmasına izin verdi.
Henüz 1837 yılında, 8 yaşındayken, neredeyse bir profesyonel oyuncu seviyesindeydi. Hon'inbō hanedanına (Dosaku'yu ve birçok Meijin'i yetiştirmiş, Japonya'nın o dönemdeki en önemli go okulu) öğrenci olarak katılmak ve Honinbo Jowa'nın öğrencisi olmak için evinden ayrılmış ancak eğitim çalışmaları daha ziyade kendisinden güçlü oyuncularla olmuştur. 3 Ocak 1840 tarihinde profesyonel 1 dan seviyesi diploması almıştır.
Meteorik yükseliş[değiştir | kaynağı değiştir]
1840 yılında Shusaku Edo'yu terkederek bir yıldan daha uzun bir süre için yeniden evine döndü. İzleyen yıllarda istikrarlı bir şekilde gelişimini sürdürdü, 1844 yılında yine uzunca bir ayrılığın ardından evine döndüğünde 4 dan seviyesine ulaşmıştı. 1846 yılının Nisan-Mayıs aylarında Edo'ya dönerek dönemin en güçlü oyuncusu olan Gennan Inseki'ye karşı oynadı. Shusaku 2 handikap alarak oynadı ancak Gennan Shusaku'yu çok güçlü buldu ve oyunu durdurdu. Shusaku, ünlü Kulak kızartan hamle'sini yaptığı bu yeni oyuna siyah taşlarla başladı. Gennan bu oyunda yeni bir joseki (köşedeki açılış hamleleri) oynadı ve Shusaku bunları cevaplandırmada hata yaptı. Devamında çok iyi savaşmasına rağmen oyun ortasına gelindiğinde, oyunu izleyen herkes Gennan'ın oyunu kazanıyor olduğunu düşünüyordu, yalnızca doktor olan bir izleyici hariç. Go oyunu hakkında çok yetkin olmayan bu izleyici Shusaku'nun yaptığı belirli bir hamle ardından Gennan'ın kulaklarının kızarmaya başladığını farketmişti, yani Gennan şaşkınlık içindeydi. Bu oyun en ünlü go oyunlarından biridir ve "kulak kızartan hamle" muhtemelen go tarihindeki en önemli tek hamledir.
Edo'ya döndüğünde Shusaku yalnızca 5 dan seviyesine yükselmekle kalmadı, aynı zamanda Honinbo Hanedanı'na liderlik etmek üzere Honinbo Shuwa'nın varisi oldu. Shusaku Lord Asano'ya karşı kendisini borçlu hissettiğinden en başta bu teklifi reddettiyse de bir süre sonra konu çözümlenmiş ve ardından teklifi kabul etmiştir.
Honinbo hanedanı liderliğinin resmi varisi olarak Shusaku daha ünlü bir duruma geldi. Oyundaki seviyesi de yükseldi ve nihayet 7 dan seviyesine ulaştı - ancak tam olarak hangi tarihte 7 dan seviyesine geldiği bilinmemektedir, kimileri 1849 derken kimileri 1853 demektedir. Rakibi ve aynı zamanda arkadaşı olan Ota Yuzo'yu handikap almaya zorladıktan sonra, -Shuwa'nın istisnai durumu ötesinde- genel anlamda en güçlü oyuncu olarak kabul görmüştür.
Kurmaca[değiştir | kaynağı değiştir]
Hikaru no Go isimli anime ve manga'da Shusaku çocukken kurgusal bir go oyuncusu olan Fujiwara-no-Sai'nin ruhunu keşfeder ve inanılmaz bir yeteneği olduğu için bu yetenek aslında Sai'ye aitmiş, bu yüzden Shusaku'nun tüm oyunlarını Sai yönetiyormuş gibi işlenir.
Ek okuma[değiştir | kaynağı değiştir]
- John Power, Invincible: The Games of Shusaku, ISBN 4-906574-01-7Official Organ of the Florida Entomological Society
VOL. XXVI SEPTEMBER, 1943 No. 3
NOTES ON BIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF MOLE CRICKETS
AT PLANT CITY, FLORIDA
N. C. HAYSLIP 1
State Plant Board of Florida
Investigations on the control of mole crickets were carried
out in conjunction with the Mole Cricket Control baiting pro-
grams which were conducted in central Florida during the fall
seasons of 1940 and 1941. With the establishment of a more
permanent research program for the study of these insects in
1942 it was possible to devote more attention to the biology of
the different species.
Farms, gardens, lawns and golf courses of central Florida had
suffered severely from Scapteriscus acletus R & H (Southern
Mole Cricket) and Scapteriscus vicinus Scud. (Changa or Puerto
Rican Mole Cricket). The so-called Northern Mole Cricket,
Gryllotalpa hexadactyla Perty, had not increased in such num-
bers as had the two species of Scapteriscus. The major em-
phasis of these studies, therefore, has been placed on the biology
of S. acletus and S. vicinus, with some data accumulated for G.
hexadactyla under Florida conditions.
Barret (1) in 1902 and Van Zwaluwenburg (2) in 1918
treated extensively of S. vicinus in Puerto Rico, while Worsham
and Reed (3) in 1912 described the life history and habits of
this species in eastern Georgia. Scapteriscus acletus from
Georgia was described by Rehn and Hebard (4) in 1916. Cocker-
ham (5) in 1922 reported damage by this species near Mobile,
Alabama, and in 1931 a serious outbreak occurred at Sanford,
1Acknowledgment is made of the supervision of these studies by C. B.
Wisecup, Assistant Entomologist, Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quaran-
tine, Agricultural Research Administration, U. S. Department of Agricul-
ture, in charge of Mole Cricket Investigations at Plant City, Florida, and
of the assistance furnished by the other members of the staff.
THE FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST
Florida. Tenhet (6) studied this Florida infestation from 1934
to 1939 and has made his findings available to the present in-
The investigations herein reported were conducted for the
purpose of comparing the biology of the various species as re-
ported from other localities with the life histories of all three
species as obtained under one set of comparable conditions, and
for the further purpose of locating those periods in the biology
during which the insects would be most susceptible to control.
METHODS USED IN BIOLOGICAL STUDIES
The technique for studying life histories followed closely that
of Tenhet. A total of 140 rearing cages was used in the life
history studies. These cages consisted of eight-inch flower pots
placed upright in the soil with about two inches of the container
above the ground level. The pots were filled with soil, covered
with screen lids, and shaded with individual conical roofs. Grass
and weeds were encouraged to grow around the pots for the
shade which they would furnish. Paired adults and developing
nymphs were both kept in these cages. A plentiful supply of
food in the form of compost and a mixture of wheat bran and
corn meal was supplied on the surface of the soil.
Incubation chambers were made by placing one of the flower
pots upright in the soil, while a second pot filled with soil was
inserted into the bottom container. This arrangement left space
for about twenty salve tins in the bottom where they would re-
main at soil temperature and moisture. The eggs were removed
from the cages and placed in small salve tins. An absorbent
paper disc was inserted in the tin and moisture added to this
disc. The tins were then stored in the incubation chambers.
The developing nymphs and adults were examined weekly
during warm weather for development and egg deposition. The
incubating eggs were inspected daily for hatching and moisture
content. Two to four days after they had emerged, the nymphs
were removed from the tins and placed in one gallon buckets
with soil. These were placed in the laboratory for protection
from ants, and after one week they were placed in the flower
pots as described above.
Glass observation cages were constructed and placed in the
laboratory. It was felt that much could be learned of the habits
and peculiarities of mole crickets from this type of supple-
VOL. XXVI-No. 3
mentary study. The cages were constructed of panes of glass
24 inches long by 12 inches wide
|
8,447 | 6 | 3 |
一种娱乐活动。至今,仍有不少陶寺村民或多或少会舞狮子。天塔狮舞的传承是陶寺村的村民,他们都参加了演出,因为他们热爱这门艺术。但他们大多是兼职的,没有将舞狮作为谋生的唯一手段。只有李登山是笔者采访的第六代传承,他已经持续了超过50年这项工作。
4、 结 语
天塔狮舞是当地民间文化、民俗礼仪、传统文化的重要组成部分和体现,具有多种社会功能,体现了当地汉族民众多样化的文化心理,有其独特的形成原因。天塔狮舞还是构建当地和谐村落、新农村的重要组成部分,其语言特色为人与人之间的语言交流和交际提供了最基础的遵循原则:礼貌、谦虚、恭敬、利他以及赞美。本着这种原则进行交流,人与人之间会更加和睦,国家与国家之间会和平共处。天塔狮舞具有悠久的历史,兴盛于10世纪80、90年代,而今,由于该系统要素属性特质不高,要素之间作用方式不明显,天塔狮舞已经濒临消失边缘,急需系统发展和保护。在党中央英明指导下,一系列相关政策得以颁布,非物质文化、民族文化、民俗文化、民间传统文化得到了全国各民族的高度重视,汉族情歌的发展和保护迎来了自己的春天,我们坚信天塔狮舞有朝一日又会重新焕发其青春光彩。
参考文献
[1]孔庆新,孔宪毅.论教育系统论[J].晋阳学刊,2004(9):52-53.
[2] 石佳能.侗族神话的民族特色与艺术内涵论析[J].民族论坛,1991(2):78-89.
[3]粟丹.少数民族的传统文化心理探析[J].民族论坛,2010(9):63.
[4]申荷永.心理环境与环境心理分析[J].学术研究,2005(11):45.
[5] 赵小鹏,杨文基,梁海欧.怀化民俗[M].北京:线装书局,2007:75.
[6]石佳能.侗族神话的民族特色与艺术内涵论析[J].民族论坛,1991(2).32.
[7]赵小鹏,杨文基,梁海欧.怀化民俗[M].北京:线装书局,2007:75.The Legend of St. Valentine
Valentine’s Day the second most popular card-sending holiday (after Christmas), with approximately 150 million Valentine’s Day cards being exchanged. Where did the tradition start and do we send candy, flowers, gifts, and cards to our loved ones on this day? Who was St. Valentine and how did he become associated with the traces of Christian and ancient Roman Tradition?
Although the truth behind the Valentine legend is murky at best, the stories emphasize his appeal as a sympatric, heroic and –most importantly- romantic figure. By the Middle ages Valentine would be come on of the most popular saints in England and France. There are three different saints named Valentine all of whom were martyred.
One legend states that when Emperor Claudius II outlawed marriage, Valentine preformed secret marriages and when discovered was put to death. Another is that Valentine was put to death for helping Christians escape harsh Roman prisons. Another was that Valentine while being imprisoned fell in love with the jailer’s daughter and before being put to death send her a card signed “From your Valentine”.
While some believe that Valentine’s Day is celebrated in the middle of February to commemorate the anniversary of Valentine’s death-which probably occurred around A.D. 270, others claim that the Christian church may have decided to place St. Valentine’s feast day in the middle of February in an effort to “Christianize” the pagan celebration of Lupercalia.
Written Valentine’s did not appear until after 1400.The oldest known valentine still in existence today was a poem written in 1415 by Charles, Duke of Orleans, to his wife while he was imprisoned in the Tower of London following his capture at the Battle of Agincourt.
Americans probably began exchanging handmade valentines in the early 1700’s. In the 1840s, Esther A. Howland began selling the first mass-produced valentines in America.
For more information go to: History.com/topics/valentines-day/history-of-valentines-day
The color red is often associated with things like love, energy, fire and passion; it’s also great for decorating a room, it can look good with unexpected colors.
Some favorite colors to pair with red are turquoise, blues and greens, which some people may associate with Christmas, but when you actually use it in a room it doesn’t come off that way. During the Christmas season, it might fit perfect with your décor, but really in everyday life it’s just a great color combination.
The color Red mixes well with almost any color scheme, but how do you decorate with red without going overboard? Red can go everywhere from cheery and happy to angry and aggressive. That’s what you’ve got to keep in mind when using red in a room.
When is too much too much and when is it not enough. Use red as an accent color in everything from artwork, lighting and candles to pillows, walls and an area rug, especially Oriental, is a great way to bring in the color regardless of your decor.
When you have accents of red it draws attention to other things you might not even notice in the room, the whole idea is to entice, intrigue (and) invite without clubbing you over the head and dragging you in. Try adding a single piece of red artwork to your space.
In 1930, Emily Post wrote, “In its brightest tones, red is the most brilliant, stimulating, and approaching of all the colors.” But she went on to say that “an unexpected encounter with much of it might be something like meeting an uncaged lion roaming through the house.” A little bit goes a long way.
Red is a color that needs to be well-thought-out, as well as the shade itself. Choose Your Style to Find the Right Red Contemporary design incorporates neutral elements with pops of bold color, often red.
On the door: Bold, bright red Inside: Bright red shades in a pillow, rug or throw Modern design calls for all kinds of reds: from primary hues to classic shades with burgundy or brown undertones.
On the door: Any red you love that makes a statement. Inside: Consider injecting red through a painting or piece of art. Traditional design stays away from primary reds and instead involves burgundy or black tones.
On the door: A deep, rich red Inside: Decorate with Oriental rugs injected with darker reds. Transitional design relies on a neutral palette, a perfect canvas for pops of red.
On the door: Match this red to hues you use inside the home, or skip the red door entirely to keep a more neutral theme.
Inside: Choose a softer and more indirect approach like a red lamp or piece of art.
Country reds are chalkier and softer: Think barn or scarlet reds. Choose reds with pinkish and purplish hues, like the color of a ripening apple.
On the door: Barn red Inside: Accessorize with country reds in knickknacks and fabrics.örünüşe göre hayalet bir kasabada yaşamayı, hatta bir kasabaya sahip olmayı seçen insanlar var.
Arkadaşı Jon Bier ile birlikte 2018’de 1.4 milyon dolara Cerro Gordo adlı hayalet kasabayı satın alan 31 yaşındaki girişimci Brent Underwood ile tanışın.
Tüm hayatının birikimlerini, iş ortağı Jon’dan, arkadaşlarından, müşterilerinden ve diğer yatırımcılardan aldığı paranın yanı sıra onu otantik bir turistik cazibe merkezine dönüştürme umuduyla harcadı.
2020’nin başlangıcına hızla ilerlerken, koronavirüs vurur ve Brent, Cerro Gordo’da kendini izole etmeye karar verir. İlk plan 3-4 hafta kalmaktı çünkü karantinanın bu kadar süreceğini düşünüyordu, ancak şimdi 6 ay boyunca orada kalmayı başardı – önce kar fırtınası ve salgın nedeniyle, sonra da karantinaya aşık olduğu için. yer.
Hayalet bir kasaba olan Cerro Gordo’da son 6 ayı geçirmiş olan Brent Underwood ile tanışın
Resim kredisi: Ghost Town Living
Yani, 300 dönümlük hayalet kasaba olan Cerro Gordo, 400 evde yaklaşık 4.000 kişiyle Kaliforniya’nın en büyük gümüş üreticisiydi. Tüm tarihi boyunca, bölge sakinleri, enflasyona göre ayarlama yaptıktan sonra bugün yaklaşık 17 milyon dolar değerinde gümüş çıkarmayı başardılar – 500 milyon dolar.
Ancak madenler ve kasaba da kurudu. Brent şu anda 22 binadan oluşan bir kasabanın tek sakini – aslında o, 7 kedi ve 4 keçi.
Brent ve arkadaşı Jon Bier, 2018’de 300 dönümlük hayalet kasabayı yeniden inşa etmek ve otantik bir turistik cazibe merkezi haline getirmek umuduyla 1,4 milyon dolara satın aldı.
Resim kredisi: Ghost Town Living
Koronavirüs çarptığında, çantalarını topladı ve orada kendini izole etti, yeniledi ve yeniden inşa etti.
Resim kredisi: Ghost Town Living
İlk başta birkaç hafta orada kalacağını sandı ama 6 ayını orada geçirdi.
Resim kredisi: Ghost Town Living
Brent , “Cerro Gordo’da ne kadar çok zaman geçirirseniz, sizi o kadar çok büyülüyor” dedi . “Bir mülkün bunu yapabileceğini yüksek sesle söylemek tuhaf, ama belki videoda görebilirsin, güzel görünüyor, ama burada, bu yerle ilgili bir şey var, seni büyüleyen tek şey bu olmak istediğin yer. “
Şu ana kadar Brent, halen ayakta duran 22 binadan bazıları üzerinde çalıştı, onları temizledi ve yeniledi.
Resim kredisi: Bishop Real Estate
Resim kredisi: Bishop Real Estate
Yerinde bulunan her şeyi barındırmak için müzeye dönüştürmek istediği bir genel mağaza var
Resim kredisi: Ghost Town Living
Resim kredisi: Ghost Town Living
Brent, bu 6 ay boyunca bir dizi proje üstlendi: ranzayı insanların kalabileceği bir yer haline getirdi, eski garaja dönüştürülmüş şapeli temizledi ve restore etti, bir kulübeyi basit ve rahat bir yazarın sığınağına dönüştürdü ve yerinde bulduğu tüm harika şeyleri sergilemek için mağazayı bir müzeye dönüştürdü.
Şimdiye kadarki en önemli projesi, şehrin su temin sistemini restore etmek. Kasabada 1800’lerden kalma bir vinçle 900 fit derinliğinde bir maden kuyusu var. Daha uzaktaki yerlilerden bazılarıyla ekip kurdu ve su kaynağı için kullanılan kaynağı bulmak için 700 fit aşağı indi. Pompayı değiştirdiler, 150 metreden fazla boruyu restore ettiler ve şimdi kasaba neredeyse 15 yıldır ilk kez akan suya sahip.
Hayalet kasaba, bazılarını Brent’in keşfettiği bir dizi madene ev sahipliği yapıyor
Resim kredisi: brentwunderwood
Artık kot giysiler, paslı bir silah ve hatta dinamit bulmayı başardı!
Resim kredisi: brentwunderwood
Resim kredisi: brentwunderwoodخبرگزاری هرانا – رئیس اداره حفاظت محیط زیست شهرستان تبریز از پلمپ سه واحد متخلف و آلاینده زیست محیطی در شهرک چرمشهر تبریز خبر داد و گفت که طی روزهای اخیر نیز ۵ واحد آلاینده زیست محیطی دیگر در این شهر پلمپ شده است. همچنین در خبری دیگر، واحد تولیدی منشا انتشار بوی نامطبوع در شهرستان بهار استان همدان با حکم قاضی ۶ ماه تعطیل و مدیر آن به ۶ ماه حبس تعزیری محکوم شد.
به گزارش خبرگزاری هرانا به نقل از صدا و سیما، رئیس اداره حفاظت محیط زیست شهرستان تبریز گفت که سه واحد متخلف به دلیل آلوده سازی محیط زیست در این شهرستان پلمپ شد.
“شهنام اشتری” افزود: “پس از چندین مرتبه صدور اخطاریه کتبی به واحدهای آلاینده زیست محیطی، این واحدهای متخلف با حکم مقام قضایی پلمپ شدند”.
وی تاکید کرد: “رعایت ضوابط و استانداردهای زیست محیطی در مدیریت پسماند و فاضلاب همه صنایع و بخصوص شهرک صنعتی چرمشهر الزامی است”.
رئیس اداره حفاظت محیط زیست شهرستان تبریز با اشاره به پلمپ ۵ واحد آلاینده چرمسازی دیگر در روزهای اخیر، افزود: “متاسفانه شهرک چرمشهر و واحدهای متخلف آن یکی از منابع مهم آلایندگی در سطح کلان شهر تبریز هستند و حفاظت محیط زیست بدون اغماض با متخلفان زیست محیطی برخورد می کند”.
اشتری گفت: “مسئولان شهرک چرمشهر باید نظارت کافی بر واحدهای فعال در این شهرک را داشته باشند تا پساب و پسماندهای این واحدها به درستی مدیریت شود”.
وی اضافه کرد: “حفاظت محیط زیست شهرستان تبریز پایشهای مستمر و دوره ای را از واحدهای فعال در شهرک چرمشهر و دیگر مناطق صنعتی تبریز میکند و در صورت تخلف از ضوابط زیست محیطی، اخطارها و برخوردهای قانونی لازم را انجام می دهد”.
تعطیلی واحد تولیدی به علت تولید بوی نامطبوع
واحد تولیدی منشا انتشار بوی نامطبوع در شهرستان بهار با حکم قاضی ۶ ماه تعطیل و مدیر آن به ۶ ماه حبس تعزیری محکوم شد.
به گزارش خبرگزاری صداوسیما مرکز همدان، مدیر حفاظت محیط زیست شهرستان بهار با اشاره به انتشار بوی نامطبوع از مدتها قبل که موجب اعتراض ساکنان بهار شده بود گفت: با وجود بیش از یکسال تلاش اما منشا بوی نامطبوع همچنان نامشخص بود اما بررسی ها بصورت شبانه روزی برای شناسایی محل انتشار بو ادامه داشت.
معصومه پارچیان افزود: انتشار بو، ناشی از فعالیت های واحدهای اسید سازی، دپوی کود مرغی در مکان های غیرمجاز و فعالیت چند واحد دیگر بود با این وجود منشا اصلی به طور دقیق قابل شناسایی نبود.
او خاطرنشان کرد : پس از مدت ها تلاش محل انتشار بوی نامطبوع شناسایی شد ولی به علت نداشتن استاندارد و وسیله سنجش بو، مدارک محکمه پسند وجود نداشت.
مدیر حفاظت محیط زیست بهار با بیان اینکه مدیر این واحد تولیدی ۲۰ روز فرصت تجدید نظر به رأی دادگاه دارد گفت: پس از پیگیری های مستمر، دادستان عمومی و انقلاب شهرستان بهار کارشناسان دادگستری را مسئول پیگیری این موضوع کرد که با تایید نظرمحیط زیست، واحد متخلف شناسایی و رای به جلوگیری از فعالیت واحد به مدت ۶ ماه صادر شد.Excessive weld indentation can cause rejected product. It is a condition that is specified is some quality plans, AWS D8.7 Recommended Practices for Automotive Weld Quality- Resistance Spot Welding. To reduce indentation one must reduce excessive forces and heat at the surface.
Weld schedules are available in the Resistance Welding Manual and AWS Standard C1.1 for many of the most frequently used materials. The information commonly provided is the proper electrode design, size and material. The weld force, weld time and weld current are also published. The minimum distance between welds is usually listed and the expected nugget or button size is shown. Tensile properties frequently are also published. Other sources are the Tuffaloy and CMW Catalogs.
A weld schedule is an instruction to set up a resistance welder for a given job. It includes all of the specific settings of the machine, control settings, tools, electrodes, forces, times, rates and all other pertinent data related to a job. It also includes the information about the part, including material, thickness, number of welds, weld locations, quality requirements, and precleaning. This information is stored and can be used to set up the job on it’s next run. It also can be used as a ground zero if parameters have changed and you want to go back to when the job started.
Do you have a question that is not covered in our knowledgebase? Do you have questions regarding the above article? Click here to ask the professor.几周前，我们提出了以下调查：“ 对你来说，什么是高端？ 关闭参与后，这是投票的结果。
VAPOTEURS被划分在高端主题上！
与vape的某些人物可以说的相反，只有 19% 他们认为高端产品是更好地恢复风味和更浓稠蒸气的方式。 其余部分非常紧密！ 很显然，有两所学校的学生认为高端显然是质量和原创性的保证（41%）那些认为它只是“丰富的东西......对誓言有好处”的人（39%）。 还有一点 200票 在这次调查中。
下一次调查：自从您扫描以来，您的体重增加了多少？
您现在可以在专用于该网站的正确框架中回答我们的新调查。Şam’da, ödülü geri vermeye karar verdiler, çünkü Paris “14’ta ABD ve İngiltere’yle Suriye’ye karşı üçlü saldırıda” yer aldı.
Esad Devlet Başkanı'nın, bir köle devletinin düzenini ve teröristleri destekleyen Birleşik Devletler'in takipçisini giymesi için onur yok- yaptığı açıklamada, Suriye liderinin yönetimini söyledi.
Bakanlık ayrıca, Suriye'nin uluslararası diyaloga ve halkların kendi kaderlerini belirleme haklarına her zaman saygı duyduğunu belirtti. Şam, özellikle “halkların çıkarları pahasına kişisel çıkarlara dayanan rejimlere veya bilgeye sahip olmayan olgun rejimlere” dair dışardan gelen talimatlara karşı çıkıyor.
Onur Lejyonu Nişanı, 2001’taki eski Fransa Cumhurbaşkanı Jacques Chirac tarafından Beşşar Esad’a verildi.
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sometimes been called a pyramid because from the bottom to the top it gradually diminishes in size while paradoxically growing in power and authority. At its base lie the vast faceless and voiceless pillows of society, excluded however from much of the fruit they engender. At the pyramid pinnacle lays a tenuous and trepid few in constant fear of having their surreptitious practice of exploitation exposed, and responds to this threat by theoretically triggering the creation of institutions designed to protect it as it makes use of the first rule of survival, self-preservation. This is arguably how our world operates. The appearance of institutions provide hidden support for those values that protect and perpetuate this ever evolving systemic condition; emphasizing exclusion over inclusion, individual over community, hierarchy over egalitarianism and privileged over marginalized. Today, in the West, our orientation tells us that we make it by virtue of pulling our individual selves up by our boot straps, never-mind the fact that the heel of your boot is lodged in, and on, the heads of others as you springboard your way to the top. Forget about the poor, the blind, or the handicapped in society because in this model, they don’t matter! Within the scope of this model, the so-called “have-nots” have little if any value and therefore, warrant exclusion. Such apathy is often captured in the popular expression “that’s just the way things are”. Yes, perhaps that is the way things are, however, the premise of this argument proclaims that’s not the way things have to be, or have to remain.
Through the ideas and ideals of inclusivity over exclusivity, and ownership as oppose to proletariat, in theory, may inspire a different revolutionary concept and philosophy. The concept is to combine the values of inclusivity with ownership in order to produce both a community that values its members and sees them as essential to the value of their community, and individuals who value their community and see the value of their community as fundamental to their own individual value. By emphasizing the importance of inclusivity, ownership, and community, it is this author’s belief that the human race can position itself for the task of preserving civilization for centuries to come.
If someone, somewhere, in a world dominated by fear and individual self-interest, could begin to see that the word WE, has a much greater potential and power than our drifting emphasis on me, perhaps maybe the seeds of change could find fertile soil at last. After all, look at the bright side. Isn’t change inevitable? Arguably, for all the good and bad that Thomas Jefferson has said and done, one quote in particular seems to have captured our present divide; “The tree of liberty must be refreshed from time to time with the blood of patriots and tyrants.” It is my hope that the blood of patriots and tyrants can be avoided; but what cannot be avoided is change. After all, our liberty is at stake.
Written by DiMarkco Chandler – Publisher of the Guardian Liberty Voice: A Boldly Inclusive! online newspaper.
Other published works by DiMarkco Chandler can be viewed by visiting: Social Science Research Network本次大会的信条是：“没有空谈、没有演讲，只有编码！”在很多上手实做的课程中，与会者将会分享自己的经验，并从其他能够启发灵感的工匠那里吸收经验，共同学习。这反映出：软件技艺的重点在于实做，而不仅仅是空谈。
2009 年在伦敦 BBC 举办的 SC2009 大会取得了成功，有很多知名的软件工匠参与了那次大会。SC2010 将会更加以社区为导向，更加民主。要想在社区领导的大会上得到最有趣的课程，提交的格式与其他大会有所不同。
首先，课程提交截止日期接近会议举办日期， 是 9 月 5 日。课程可以是任何实用性的格式：编码道场、型（kata，空手道中的“型”）、游戏、挑战、谜题、台上配对以获得最大的观众参与度等等，只要这些活动中包括现场编码就可以。提交课程有一个必要条件：其中必须包括视频，展示课程的实做特征，以确保课程与本次大会相关。
在截止日期之前，课程可以再次提交。此后，所有注册的参与者将被要求投票，选出他们希望在 SC2010 大会上参与的课程。投票结果将会决定会议的日程。
所有的话题讨论和开放空间讨论将不会出现在本次大会的课程中。
一天的会议需要花费 85 英镑。通过Bletchley Park Shop可以注册。参与者仅限于 120 个席位。
Bletchley Park 是一个很重要的遗址，因其作为二战中密码破译者之家而著名，阿兰·图灵和 Jerry Roberts 曾在此居住，同时该地也是 1943 年现代可编程电子计算机的诞生地。在会议当天还规划了游览博物馆和不同寻常的夜间娱乐活动。
会议提出公开宣言，将会帮助包括该历史遗址。会议的开销将由赞助商提供，注册费用产生的利润将捐献给慈善组织。Diet for ADHD
It's becoming more recognized that a diet for ADHD improves behaviors. Why? Could causes of ADHD include poor nutrition? Could a cause be too many sweets?
Signs of ADHD are simply the description that physicians (specifically psychiatrists) have given for behaviors. Initially this was for children, but now it's been expanded to adults.
Attention - the first initial of ADHD. What is attention? Simply, the ability to focus.
Deficit - the second initial of ADHD. What is deficit?
Less than expected or required.
Hyperactivity - the third initial of ADHD. What is hyperactivity? More active than socially acceptable. Seriously!!!
Disorder - the forth initial of adhd. What is disorder?
ADD these together and you have someone who doesn't focus or pay attention and moves around a lot.
There are a lot of opinions out there. A strong one suggests that nutrition is key to helping children and adults struggling with these behaviors.
Here are some facts in your quest for a diet for ADHD (for which I commend you):
Balanced nutrition allows the body to improve focus, attention, and hyperactivity. There are other behaviors, like irritability, that also improve. Let me ask you a question. Do you think you would be irritable if you were not able to focus and couldn't sit still?
Pay attention! I did not say "wouldn't" sit still, I said, "couldn't" sit still.
What is the number one stimulant today? Caffeine?
Now, ADD in caffeine.
Infants start out with formula, a very high carbohydrate, high sugar liquid. Unless they are nursing. If so, they get what momma gives 'em right? How old are children when they start drinking soda? Most are lucky to get to a year old before given their first taste.
Look back at your dietary history. Look back at your parent's dietary history. Now, look at your children's dietary histories. Is there a pattern?
What steps can you take?
1. Stop sugar. Wait! It is totally do-able. Here's how:
Natural sweeteners do not cause the body to respond with hyperactivity, or irritability. Agave nectar. Stevia. Raw unprocessed sugar. Honey. These are very concentrated sweeteners that the body can use.
2. Drink water. Don't like water? Add a touch of lemon and honey.
3. Stop chemicals. Huh? Those little packets of artificial sweetener or drink mixes are chemicals. Your body stores chemicals in fat cells because it doesn't know what else to do with them. Later in life, as we go through periods of burning fat, out come those chemicals and wreck havoc!
4. Stop sodas. Most are full of sugar and caffeine. Many are full of artificial sweeteners (chemicals) and chemically decaffeinated. If phosphorous is used to carbonate the soda, calcium is leeched from bone. Calcium is kinda required for nerve impulses, as are other minerals not found in soda.
Next step in your diet for ADHD?
5. Provide nutritional balance.
Teach your children about good nutrition by involving them in preparing foods!
Healthy Recipes for Kids
Supplement to ensure balanced nutrition (hi-def nutrition)
6. Do not take pills!
Most pills are processed chemicals. Your body does not know how to use them. For a CD about this, fill out the "contact me" form and I'll send you one!
Now You Know CD: Why pills and powders don't work!
Nutrition your body can use is from plants and animals in nature. With today's technology, these nutrients can be reduced to the size small enough to be taken in to the cells of your body right away.
Your body would like you to wake up in the morning, drink a glass of water, prepare for the day with thankfulness, take a quality nutritional product with a great no sugar/caffeine/high carb breakfast, and take action for a productive day.
Continue the day by eating the least processed foods possible.
Here are links to a technologically advanced liquid all-in-one nutritional product which will provide balance to the body quickly as part of your diet for ADHD.
Click here to order:
Hi-Definition Nutrition for Kids!
Hi-Definition Nutrition for adults
Often, when given a diagnoses of any disease or disorder, in addition to the normal stressors of life, our B-vitamins, are depleted. B-vitamins are key for the body to manage stress. They are water soluble. They are used by and eliminated by the body right away. Part of a diet for ADHD is replacing them more often, two to four times a day.
B-complex refers to all the B-vitamins. Each B-vitamin has a different source. B-6 can be obtained from different sources than B-12. Yet, they all work together, in balance.
Supplementing with a quality B-complex would be a step to take AFTER providing the body with balance through the all-in-one. Build the nutritional FOUNDATION before adding a room!
Replenish the B's
Been on caffeine a while? Getting off that can lead to what folks call a "caffeine headache". They really hurt. In order to get over that more quickly, take your all-in-one supplement with a FULL glass of water. Over the counter pain medicines are chemicals. You're trying to quit that, remember?
A diet for ADHD does not include pain pills.
Return from Diet for ADHD to home page继四川猪坚强之后，近日，在一户农家也出现了一只，虽然它仅剩两条前腿，但是却能倒立行走，顽强的活着，很快便在当地走红，吸引了众多游客的围观。
猪坚强，就是“坚强的猪”的意思，从出生就没有了后腿，但设法生存，现在是地方名猪了。作为一只小猪，猪坚强有很强壮的兄弟，邻居跟她的主人说最好还是把她扔掉或者结束她的痛苦。
但是农民王希海会当没听到，当妻子劝他把小猪扔掉时，他甚至拒绝了他的妻子。他相信所有的生命都应该拥有生存的机会。猪坚强成功地得到了这个机会。
玻壳
杏花
山鼠
除锈厂家
风门绞车
led工矿灯As you know, the biggest joint in our body is the hip. It assumes almost all the load during the walk. But also, he is often exposed to diseases such as osteoarthritis or coxarthrosis. What is hip joint osteoarthritis and how is it treated? We'll talk about it in our article.
What is coxarthrosis?
To understand the essence of the disease coxarthrosis, the treatment of which is extremely problematic, you need to delve a little deeper into the very structure of the hip joint. It is itself shaped like a "hinge" and its function is to connect with the pelvis of the femur. Fixation takes place with the help of a spherical head, which is built into the cavity of the hip bone. Both the surface of the head and the surface of the socket are covered with cartilage. They perform shock absorbing functions and protect against wear and tear.
Thus, a violation of the structure of these cartilages becomes the cause of osteoarthritis that contributes to development. That is, the elastic and durable cartilage, due to some internal or external factors, becomes dry, hardens and its surface becomes rough instead of smooth. Such a structure interferes with normal functioning and leads to a slow and painful destruction of the hip joint. So, it is important here to know how to relieve hip joint coxarthrosis pain, but more on that later.
In advanced stages, the bone is so deformed that the patient loses the ability to walk. Summing up all this, it is possible to form a definition of such a disease as arthrosis of the hip joint - the destruction of the complete or partial integrity of the surface of the joints. It is also important to understand that the concepts of osteoarthritis, coxarthrosis and osteoarthritis are practically the same thing. It's just that osteoarthritis is a broader definition, and the other two are the same thing, and they only apply to the hip joint.
Causes of Manifestation
According to doctors, there can be several reasons for the appearance of coxarthrosis, but we will consider only the most common ones:
- Congenital pathologies. The most common are dysplasia (curvature) and congenital dislocation of the hip. They almost always cause grade 1 dysplastic coxarthrosis of the hip.
- hereditary predisposition. That's when this disease is quite common in your family.
- Passive lifestyle. With inactivity, cartilage loses its elasticity and elasticity and can be deformed.
- Violation of the hormonal background. Such a violation can easily cause inflammation of the tissues of the joint.
- Was. In 70% of cases, osteoarthritis occurs in people over 40 years of age. It is about the natural aging of the body and the maintenance, in most cases, of a sedentary lifestyle with age.
- injuries. Injury to the joint leads to cartilage thinning or even deformation, which is an inevitable pre-hip joint.
- Overweight. Sign - too much weight, which will constantly strain the hip joint. Such prolonged loads inevitably lead to wear and tear of the cartilage, as a result - the destruction of the hip joint.
- Big loads. Athletes are in this risk category.
- A simple circulatory disorder. For one reason or another, blood circulation in the human body can fail. So, in the periarticular tissues, a lot of waste products accumulate after metabolism, and this leads to the production of enzymes, but they in turn destroy the cartilage tissue.
- Hip diseases. Another very common cause of coxarthrosis. The fact is that incorrect or premature treatment of any other diseases of the hip (various infections or even necrosis of the femoral head) easily leads to the development of osteoarthritis.
Symptoms in the early stages of the disease are mild, so no one is thinking about treating 1st degree hip joint osteoarthritis. Symptoms include stiffness and discomfort in the hip joint in the morning, immediately after waking up. Discomfort or pain is aggravated by physical exertion and, during rest, weakens or disappears completely. Patients usually do not pay attention to these symptoms, but the prevention of coxarthrosis will not help here.
In more advanced stages, the disease begins to bother completely, even during rest, and everyone thinks about which doctor treats coxarthrosis to get in touch with him in time. In addition, the joint starts to become inflamed, its mobility is lost, and the cartilage collapses forming bone spurs. Pain does not subside even with a long rest, movement is quite restricted. Here you will need information on how to treat grade 3 coxarthrosis, which you can find with us.
Then comes the complete disappearance of the cartilage and the bones start rubbing against each other. It becomes quite difficult to move around. As a result, inactivity, which leads to weakening or even atrophy of the muscles, begins to deform osteoarthritis of the hip joint. The length of the legs can also change. There is obvious lameness. Here, conservative treatment of 3rd degree coxarthrosis will no longer help. The last stage is the complete loss of the ability to walk.
To correctly diagnose and treat hip joint osteoarthritis, you need to see a doctor. So which doctor treats osteoarthritis of the hip joint without surgery? You need to contact a rheumatologist or orthopedic traumatologist. The diagnosis will begin with a questioning of the patient, i. e. what hurts, where exactly it hurts, how often the pain is felt, etc. To assess the strength of the pain, the doctor will perform various manipulations with the joint. He will flex, extend and rotate the lower limb. In addition, the patient may be asked to walk to assess the external configuration of the joint.
However, a clinical blood test can more accurately confirm the diagnosis. Here, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate will be significantly increased, ie by 30 mm/h and more. An increase in globulins, seromucoids, immunoglobulins and c-reactive protein are also symptoms of coxarthrosis. To determine its level, a biochemical blood test is required. But while these tests are not enough to prescribe treatment for coxarthrosis of the hip joint.
A mandatory event is radiography. But here a significant minus passes - only bones and bone seals are visible in the image, cartilage and soft tissue are not visible. So diagnosing an early stage will be quite difficult. In this case, CT will help to draw a complete picture, and already on the basis of it, it will be possible to tell how to treat arthrosis of the hip joint. But all these procedures will become unnecessary if you have osteoarthritis or deforming osteoarthritis of the 4th degree hip joint. After all, the disease will be visible to the naked eye, and the prevention of osteoarthritis and treatment without surgery will no longer be useful.
grades and types
Based on neglect and symptoms of the disease, 4 degrees of its manifestation can be distinguished.
|First||1st degree hip joint osteoarthritis is easy to ignore. Its symptoms are recurrent pain in the hip joint after prolonged physical exertion. The pain disappears as soon as the load stops. The radiograph will show only a slight narrowing of the interarticular space. If you orient yourself in time, the disease can be easily prevented.|
|Second||Osteoarthritis of the hip joint of the 2nd degree - the symptoms of which begin to appear, this is the beginning of the destruction of cartilage tissue. The pain intensifies and radiates to the thigh and groin. They begin to manifest even in a state of calm. There may be obvious lameness. Morning stiffness syndrome appears periodically in the morning. We will talk more about how to treat 2nd degree hip joint coxarthrosis.|
|Third||The third stage is when the disease is already very advanced. There is almost no cartilage. The radiographic image shows a strong filiform narrowing of the space between the joints. The pains at this stage are permanent and are only eliminated with the help of medication. At the same time, the patient is very limited in his movements and, in order to move, he needs crutches or a cane on which he can lean. Soft tissue atrophy
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های انگشت طلایی معمولاً روی انگشت دوم قرار میگیرند و به عنوان رسانای خوبی برای جریان بین بدن و زمین عمل میکنند. اعصاب موجود در انگشت دوم نیز از رحم تا قلب عبور می کند. استفاده از انگشتر پا به بهبود چرخه تولید مثل و حفظ فشار خون کمک می کند.
- حلقههای طلایی بینی: استفاده از حلقهها یا سنجاقهای طلایی بینی به کاهش درد در دوره قاعدگی کمک میکند. همچنین عوارض دوران بارداری و زایمان را کاهش می دهد.
- کمربند طلا: پوشیدن زیور آلات طلا به دور کمر به ایجاد تماس های طب سوزنی در بدن کمک می کند و در نتیجه از بسیاری از دردهای بدن، سرماخوردگی و سرفه و ناراحتی های تنفسی جلوگیری می کند.
- اگر طلا را با جزئیات بیشتری مطالعه کنید، می توانید دلایل علمی بسیاری دیگر را در پشت پوشیدن طلا و اینکه چرا در طول قرن ها دارایی قابل اعتمادی بوده است، بیابید. جدای از دلایل علمی استفاده از طلا، یکی دیگر از دلایل مناسب بودن طلا برای ساخت جواهرات به دلیل خواص بی اثر آن است. طلا با پوست واکنش نشان نمی دهد و می تواند خواص درمانی خود را حفظ کند.
در صورت تمایل به مشاوره در مورد خرید محصولات با شماره تلفن 02188314479 تماس بگیرید.(İng.:abortion, İsp.:aborto)
Ceninin anne bedeninden kasıtlı bir müdahaleyle çıkarılması (kürtaj); ya da gebeliğin ilk dönemlerinde ceninin ölüm sonucu kendiliğinden çıkması (düşük).
Birçok ülkede kendi görüşlerini kuvvet ve inatla savunan iki karşıt grup arasında süre giden kürtaj tartışmasında kadınların bedenleriyle ilgili kararları kendilerinin vermesi hakkını savunanlar bu hakkın istenmeyen gebeliklere son verilmesi, güvenli, ucuz ve yasal kürtaj hizmetine erişim hakkını da kapsadığını söylüyorlar. Kürtaj-karşıtı hareket ise, istenmeyen gebeliklere son verilmesi ya da güvenli, ucuz ve yasal kürtaj hizmetine erişim hakkına karşı çıkıyor. Kürtaj-karşıtları kürtajın yasallaştırılmasına karşılar; ancak, kimileri tecavüz ya da anne sağlığının gerektirdiği durumlarda kürtajı kabul ederken, kimileri de hangi nedenle olursa olsun kürtaja yasal izin verilmesine karşı çıkıyor.
Kürtaj teriminin, farklı ülkelerde farklı yasal ve hukuksal karşılıkları var. Kimi ülkelerde kürtaj yasayla cezalandırılırken, kimilerinde, örneğin, aile büyüklüğünü sınırlamak amacıyla tek çocuk politikası sürdüren Çin’de, devlet kürtaj yaptırmaları için kadınlara baskı uyguluyor. Gelişmekte olan ülkelerin çoğundaysa kürtaj yasak.
Muhabir ve yazı işleri çalışanlarının haberlerin tarafsızlığına gölge düşürdüğünü göz önünde tutarak kürtaj-karşıtı tutum bağlamında “yaşam-yanlısı” terimini kullanmaktan kaçınmaları gerekir. Bununla birlikte kürtaj-yanlısı tutumun ifadesi olarak “tercih-yanlısı” terimi kullanılabilir.
Bağlam Örneği. “Sözcü, Latin Amerika’da yasadışı olan kürtajı teşvik ettikleri suçlamasını reddederek, STK’lerin, kadın hakları eylemcilerinin istenmeyen gebeliklerin bilgi, eğitim ve aile planlamasıyla önlenmesi gerektiği görüşünde olduklarını açıkladı.” (IPS, 9 Eylül 1995)
“Bu ülkede, gebeliğin anne yaşamını tehdit etmesi gibi kimi özgül durumlarda, kürtaj yasal, ancak eski sistemin yol açtığı toplumsal dengesizlikler nedeniyle bu haktan yararlananlar esas olarak beyazlardır.” (IPS, Eylül 1995)
“Doğu Karayipler ülkesi Barbados ile Güney Amerika ülkesi Guyana, kürtajı yasallaştırdılar. Jamaika’da, kürtaj yasal olmamakla birlikte ‘özel koşullar’da gebeliğe son verilmesine daha hoşgörülü yaklaşılıyor.” (IPS, 9 Eylül 1995).acdb文件扩展的细节
下面的表提供有用的信息有关的 .acdb 文件扩展。它回答这样的问题：
- .acdb 文件是什么？
- 打开一个 .acdb 文件，我需要什么样的程序？
- .acdb 文件怎么能打开，编辑或打印？
- 我怎么能把 .acdb 文件转换成另一种格式？
- 我在哪里可以找到规格为 .acdb?
- 哪一个MIME类型关联与 .acdb 扩展？
我们希望你觉得此页面有用和宝贵的资源！
数据库中发现 2 扩展和 0 别名
Aldec Coverage Database
ACDB file is an Aldec Coverage Database. The ACDB (Aldec Coverage DataBase) is unified storage format for coverage data of different types. ACDB is Aldec's implementation of Accellera UCIS requirements for unified coverage database which is shipped with Riviera-PRO.
Android Audio Calibration Database
ACDB file is an Android Audio Calibration Database. Android OS is a Linux-based open source platform for mobile cellular handsets developed by Google and the Open Handset Alliance.
其他类型的文件，也可以使用 .acdb 文件扩展名。
.acdb 文件扩展名往往是错误地输入!
据我们的网站上的搜索，去年这些最常见的拼写错误是：
文件扩展名可能是拼写错误？
我们在我们的资料库中发现了以下类似的文件扩展名:
.acdb 文件无法打开？
当你双击要打开的文件，Windows将检查文件扩展名。如果Windows能够识别的文件扩展名，它打开文件在程序与关联的文件扩展名。当Windows不能识别的文件扩展名，您会收到以下消息：
篇目
这个文件Windows无法打开
例子.acdb
打开这个文件，Windows需要知道你想用什么程序打开它...
如果你不知道如何设置 .acdb 文件关联，检查 常见问题。
扩展的文件我可以改变吗？
更改文件扩展名的文件是不是一个好主意。当您更改文件的扩展名，你改变方式你的计算机上的程序读取文件。问题是，改变文件扩展名不能更改文件格式。
如果你有有用的信息有关 .acdb 文件扩展名, 写信给我们!This week we’ve been reading a lot about ways to adapt cities and how we can make Miami more adaptable. Adaptability is a vital element of any city, allowing it to shift and change as new information is discovered and as the needs of its citizens change, sometimes even evolving into a playground!
Dr. Wendler is using her background as an urban geographer to think about cities in a new and exciting way, as playgrounds for adults. Turning the concept of urban space on it’s head, she is working to make walking around a city and going about your everyday business into an adventure. She wants people to become “aware of elements that they ignore in their daily life.” Projects like the Pac Man mural at Brickell Metro is an example of what Miami could do with such an idea. New York is also on the move with this, creating a playground for adults a few years ago.
Sometimes just exploring a part of the Miami area that you haven’t really ever seen can be it’s own adventure. We recommend following the advice of The New Tropic and heading over to Hialeah, perhaps to their famous Flamingo Plaza Thrift stores or the Amelia Earhart Park for some mountain biking!
So why is thinking about cities in new ways so important? For one thing, our environment in our community plays a huge and significant role in our health and overall wellbeing. A recent article on place-making focused on the impact urban design has on community health. According to Dr. Iton, “eighty percent of what influences your life expectancy happens outside of the medical system, and that’s a conservative estimate.” And a large part of that 80% is the built environment we interact with and live in everyday. Turning our city into a fun place to be, a place where play is a part of our daily routine, where parks are plentiful and sidewalks safe and accessible has the power to alter the health of our entire community.
Cities like Vancouver have been working to change how their transportation functions and how their city is designed so that pedestrians and cyclists are not only accommodated but that streets, sidewalks, and the city is designed for them too. They have joined cities like Seattle by adopting Vision Zero, an initiative that aims to get pedestrian fatalities to zero. That kind of forward thinking could radically alter Miami into a city that is welcoming to its pedestrians and cyclists, and change the current depressing statistic of Miami as the 4th most dangerous city in the nation to be a pedestrian.
Miami has been adapting too, and it looks as though we may be on the cusp of a new age of transportation in Miami, as city and county officials have begun to recognize that multiple forms of transportation are vital if the Magic City is going to continue growing and welcoming companies like Twitter to the city.
As you’re reading, we hope your creative and advocacy juices are churning, thinking about how you can contribute to making your neighborhood and city more adaptable, more livable! And, don’t forget to join us today for our first #ColadaChat on Twitter at 1:00 PM. Tell us what you’ve been reading and thinking about cities and adaptability, place-making, transportation, and anything else you’ve been checking out!Hauppauge, New York—Using a USB (Universal Serial Bus) as a charging source is becoming increasingly commonplace, and should be a no-brainer, right? Long story short: no, it’s not, not at all. As the wags sometimes say: "if only. . . "
It turns out that the "USB as charger" role has lots of subtleties and traps for the unwary. A trio of related parts from SMSC, the USC1001-1, USC1001-2, and USC1002, called "USB Port Power Controllers with Charger Emulation" ICs, embody circuitry and "smarts" to tackle these issues.
Among the issues are:
•Need for fast charging
•Getting to universal charging over the USB port: Recognition and trickle charge of legacy devices, fromApple, RIM, and others, with multiple charging profiles
•Emerging standards and applications: USB-IF battery charging specifications (BC1.1 and BC1.2); as well as media tablets
•Power allocation and higher-current devices: power-supply capacity is not designed to provide 10W+ for charging from the USB port
•"Wake-up on USB attach": it is difficult to wake the system for charging with today's components
•Thermal limit shutdown: to stop charging at temperature/load limit
To meet these, the SMSC parts provide:
•Fast charging via an integrated power switch
•Compatibility with USB data-line handshaking
•Support for emerging standards and applications, by providing programmable charging profiles
•Power allocation through the use of current rationing to limit the power
•"Wake on USB attach" since detection does not rely on the main power
•Thermal limit shutdown by implementing dynamic thermal management
These USB port power controllers combine the power switch and pass-through switch for flexibility on the signal and power lines, and also enable the ability to emulate a wall charger's signature on those lines.
Why is this needed? USB wall chargers, despite their standard outward appearance, exist because they are tailored to the device for which they were built. Peripheral devices—when recognized—will draw charge as much as their circuitry will allow, but will charge slower if they do not see special USB signature. A standard computer USB port only provides 500mA, and RIM, Apple & other portable devices have special wall chargers.
The UCS100x devices integrate 2.5A Vbus power switch, and automatically present nine charging-emulation profiles (including most Apple devices, BC1.2 CDP & DCP and more; the vendor says that 22 brands were tested, and that number is growing). To make life easier for the designer, no host Intervention is required for an expanded list of device support. The table shows the key features and differences of the parts.
"Wake on USB attach" is the most intriguing feature I saw in these parts. Note that it is difficult to provide charging from a host that is asleep or off: laptops don’t want to charge—they don't want to kill their battery while they are off or sleeping. The UCS100x devices provide an "attach detect" signal that does not rely on the main power to be active.
Once an "attach" is detected, the host device is be notified, and the host can decide to wake up or not, and to charge or not. The UCS1002 can also limit the energy or current given out, so the battery will not be drained; thus, a battery-operated product can operate as an auxiliary power source.
The UCS100x backs off the charging limit as it approaches the thermal limit. It will reduce charging current or power dissipation, which prevents thermal shutdown, and it will keep charging where other devices have stopped completely.
Packaging, price, and availability: The UCS1001-1 and UCS1001-2 are $0.80 in 10k quantities; the UCS1002 is $1.15. All three are housed in 20-lead, 4 x 4 mm QFN packages, and are sampling now.
For more information: go to http://www.smsc.com.New Carbon Capture Catalyst Discovered
Guarav Bhaduri and Lidija Siller were trying to understand how Nature turns CO2 gas into rock. Their university, Newcastle U, became enthusiastic and published this:
The research their university is publicizing is a paper: "Nickel nanoparticles catalyse reversible hydration of carbon dioxide for mineralization carbon capture and storage", published online by Catalysis Science & Technology Jan 17 2013 doi: 10.1039/C3CY20791A
A BBC News article quotes co-author Dr. Lidija Siller: “You bubble CO2 through the water in which you have nickel nanoparticles and you are trapping much more carbon than you would normally – and then you can easily turn it into calcium carbonate..."
"...It seems too good to be true, but it works”
The NU press release quotes Siller: "the result was the complete removal of CO2″.
Lead author, PhD student Gaurav Bhaduri, is quoted: “ [the nickel catalyst] is very cheap, a thousand times cheaper than carbon anhydrase” The two researchers have patented the process and are looking for investors.
They compare their nickel to anhydrase because Nature uses anhydrase to mineralize carbon. But humans trying to mimic nature with anhydrase, so far, have had problems creating the material cheaply enough, and they have needed to control pH. Other ideas require too much energy.
Siller and Bhaduri were trying to do better with anhydrase: they were going to "mobilize" it using the large surface area of nanoparticles. They chose nickel because it is magnetic, a property they knew would come in handy when it came time to recycle it from the process. To fully understand what nickel and anhydrase could do if combined, they had to study what nickel nanoparticles do on their own.
That's when they made this discovery.
Siller studied sea urchins for years. One reason to study urchins is because they are organisms that convert CO2 into solid exoskeleton material at ordinary temperature and pressure. Siller, in an email: "they are [a] main constituent in limestone formation". Siller had observed that urchins allow nickel from seawater to become part of their exoskeleton while restricting seawater iron. I am not clear about whether she thought that nickel might be a key to understanding what urchins do before she and Bhaduri saw what happens to CO2 in water when nickel nanoparticles are added.
Siller and Bhaduri are not claiming they know how to make a solid out of CO2 on an industrial scale which would allow widespread conversion of carbon emissions to solid mineral, i.e. mineral sequestration. They've observed that nickel nanoparticles accelerate one key reaction involved and that they do so over a wide range of pH, at ordinary temperature and pressure.
They are optimistic that the rest of the problems of mineral sequestration are soluble. Here is where their work so far fits in:
If they were going to convert the CO2 from a coal plant exhaust stream into solid mineral, they would start by bubbling the exhaust through water in a continuously operating reaction vessel of some kind.
CO2 can enter water rapidly. Once in water it builds up to a certain concentration then new CO2 entry stops. Water with exhaust bubbling through it holds an amount of CO2 directly related to the CO2 concentration of the exhaust. Some of the dissolved CO2 naturally but slowly converts into carbonic acid which allows more CO2 to enter the water. But once carbonic acid reaches a certain concentration that's it, no more CO2 can enter the water unless carbonic acid is removed. What nickel nanoparticles do is accelerate the natural conversion of CO2 to carbonic acid.
This is a significant contribution to making mineral sequestration feasible. But unless the carbonic acid can be removed as it forms this is like flooring it to more rapidly accelerate up to the next stop light. Its not going to get you to your destination any faster.
Chemistry World quoted Siller: "The next step would be to mineralise carbonic acid to environmentally friendly solid minerals including magniesium carbonate, calcium carbonate and dolomite, which could be used a building material".
They believe this next step will be a relatively easy step to make, compared to finding out about nickel nanoparticles. Most of the Earth's crust, they say, is made of roughly suitable material that could be used. They are working with olivine rock. Siller emailed:
"We want to neutralize the carbonic acid... with silicates - there are some basic silicate rocks such as olivine, serpentine, etc., which... do not have any CO2..."
The Mg and Ca in the powdered rock would react with carbonic acid turning it into solid carbonate which would precipitate out as solids at the bottom of the tank. As the carbonate drops out more room is available for more CO2 gas to enter the water, which would make the process continuous. Siller, quoted in Chemistry World:
"We would like to determine the reaction kinetics and exact yields. Once we have this information we plan to do a small continuous process in a lab-scale pilot plant“.
Kevin Anderson of the Tyndall Centre tells us of the "widespread view" among scientists operating at his level that the existence of civilization is threatened, i.e. we are committed as of now to climate change so disruptive it will prove to be "incompatible with
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粉刺(痤疮)、毛囊炎 早晚各服六神丸6粒,治愈后再以半量维持7～10天,以巩固疗效。该项研究工作阐明了TCR磷酸化起始的关键机制，同时揭示了Src家族酪氨酸激酶具有高度底物选择性这一现象。由于Src家族在多种细胞类型中都发挥重要作用，该项工作的发现为理解其它细胞的信号转导提供了新的线索。为了探究这一科学问题，在许琛琦的指导下，硕士研究生李伦一、博士后郭兴东、博士研究生施小山、硕士研究生李昌庭等人运用多种技术手段分析了Lck磷酸化四种CD3信号链的过程。治疗喉症时宜含化慢慢咽下,以便能更好的发挥药物的疗效。对于初学者来说,可以从简易倒立式做起。CD3d和g的胞内区虽然暴露在细胞质中，但是由于它们不能独立招募Lck而难以被磷酸化。智利Andrés Bello大学现有师生6万余人，是智利最大的综合大学。5、每天做一套完整动作。上海生科院揭示静电作用介导Src家族激酶底物选择性的分子机制华素片中含有碘分子,含碘的华素片与含朱砂的六神丸同时服,因朱砂中的二价汞能与碘结合,形成碘化汞类有毒汞盐沉淀,可导致药物性肠炎。1、治扁平疣取六神丸数粒,用干净白纸包裹住捻碎,倒人汤匙中加米醋少许,使之呈黏稠状待用。六神丸的副作用做法：1、将萝卜去皮洗净后切丝、扇贝隔掉汤汁、随意切开。该研究揭示了Src家族酪氨酸激酶Lck识别不同底物的新型分子机制，及其对T细胞信号起始的直接调控作用。在T细胞被抗原活化后，抗原结合引起TCR形变可能使得CD3e胞内区从膜上解离；或者钙离子通过中和酸性磷脂负电荷的方式使得未直接接触抗原的TCR中的CD3e胞内区从膜上解离（Nature 2013）。6月28日，国际学术期刊PNAS Plus 在线发表了中国科学院上海生命科学研究院生物化学与细胞生物学研究所许琛琦研究组的最新研究成果Ionic CD3-Lck interaction regulates the initiation of T-cell receptor signaling。
CSNS靶站水冷却系统完成安装中国疑难病防治研究中心专家陈向荣介绍，癫痫病人在大脑皮质有癫痫灶，癫痫灶部位的兴奋阈值低，特别在缺氧、过度兴奋等状态下，容易产生癫痫样放电，电视或电脑屏幕的闪烁类似脑电图检查中的闪光刺激试验，此种闪光刺激直接兴奋枕叶初级视觉皮层，通过视觉通路传入到枕叶皮层的刺激，可投射到脑皮层的广泛区域，或通过枕叶皮层与其他皮层的直接联系扩散，引起癫痫病人某一部位神经元的兴奋，从而引起癫痫发作。制作：将茄子切丝用盐渍15分钟后挤去水分，加入酒浸泡的虾皮，并加姜丝、酱油、白糖、麻油和味精，拌和成馅。食用油下锅,白糖炒色,放入焯好肉块,加八角、花椒一起翻炒。1、高压锅如何炖肉制作：先将黄芪切片，入锅，加水适量，煎煮40分钟，去渣，取汁，加入洗净的虾皮，加水及葱、姜、精盐等调味品，煨炖20分钟，即成。感冒、发烧等都可诱发癫痫，应尽量避免。这让广大足球爱好者兴奋不已，很多球迷甚至是通宵达旦的坐观，当看着球射门的那一刻会兴奋的抓狂。原料：黄芪20克，虾皮50克。原料：茄子250克，虾皮50克，面粉500克，鸡蛋两个，黄酒、生姜、酱油、麻油、精盐、白糖、味精各适量。高压锅如何炖肉二是由于压力高,烹调速度快,烹调时间只是常压烹调的1/3,其中除了升温和降温时间之外,真正处于高压的时间并不长。传统高压锅煮饭总有点担惊受怕的感觉,一到饭快要煮熟的时候,锅顶上的小锤子还不断地转动放出气体,真怕锤子什么时候会飞出来。材料:红苕粉、五花肉500克、娃娃菜250克、八角、桂皮、花椒、老抽、料酒、盐、味精。据物理学家组织网近日报道，在这次新的尝试中，研究人员报告称，他们已经找到了一种新的混合方式，能够制造出低密度的钢，且比昂贵的钛合金更坚固、更有韧性。把五花肉放进高压锅里,再加八角丁香、桂皮、花椒、干辣椒2根、老抽少许、料酒和水盖过肉1厘米左右,压个25分钟。做法:将五花肉洗净切块,凉水入锅焯至5分熟,猪肉微微泛白取出,不必等水沸腾。文章目录一、高压锅如何炖肉二、使用高压锅有什么好处三、炖肉有几种做法2、红烧肉用高压锅压多久靶站水冷却系统是靶站的重要组成部分，其为靶体、反射体、慢化器等9个冷却对象提供冷媒，实现慢化、冷却等诸多功能。再加入葱姜蒜和粉丝继续焖5分钟可出锅。钢的最大应用领域莫过于制造汽车，近些年来，由于发动机也在寻找更轻的替代品，钢的需求逐渐在下滑。
3、羊肉配生姜先把白菜帮部分放油锅里翻炒。不要用旺火猛煮。另外,孕妈睡前吃香蕉不会引起发胖,因为它卡路里低,且食物纤维含量丰富,可以促进排便。, and J.这样的话,固然精神流动仍旧在运作,但是交感神经流动的张力已经降低了,这样就很轻易放松身心,让人体慢慢的进入睡眠状态。2、鸡肉配栗子, doi: 10.次表层土壤温度影响夏季气温的关键区（长期WRF模拟结果）大气所发现土壤温度影响夏季气温变率研究进一步揭示，春季的土壤温度与我国西北干旱/半干旱地区夏季气温有着显著的关系。材料:盐,鸡精,胡椒粉,酱油,香油,大白菜,猪肉条,水。在孕期影响人体的激素主要是雌激素和黄体酮,适度的压力调适以及家人的体贴关怀,对稳定孕妇的心情十分重要。再放入猪肉炒到无血色。目前，季节气候预测主要依赖于与海洋有关的前期讯号，尤其是厄尔尼诺/拉尼娜。2、不宜用热水浸洗猪肉最好的方法是用微波炉烧肉,然后倒掉有许多化合物的肉汤,这样就可以避免芳族胺基化合物对人体的危害。减肥香蕉实际上就是包着果皮的“安眠药”,除了能平稳血清素和褪黑素外,它还含有可具有让肌肉松弛效果的镁元素。然后加入所有调料继续翻炒到白菜帮变软。Yang, K.培训过程中，授课人员与学员间积极互动交流。Artichokes are hardy perennial flowers that can thrive in a variety of conditions, although they do tend to favour warmer coastal areas such as the Mediterranean or California. Nevertheless, provided that you show them enough care and attention, there’s no reason why you can’t reap the rewards of growing your own gourmet artichokes in your back garden!
Choosing a plot in which to grow your artichokes will require some careful consideration. As with all plants, the quality of your soil is an important factor – artichokes generally thrive better in light, sandy soil that has been regularly drained of excess water.
If you really are keen to avoid water-logging, it might be an idea to work some compost into your plant beds – 3-5 inches would be ideal! Artichokes also require a neutral to slightly acidic soil pH, I would aim for somewhere between 6.0 and 7.0.
If the quality of soil in your garden is not ideal, it might be worthwhile planting your seeds in raised beds to give them the best start possible. Some gardeners even choose to start growing their seedlings indoors for the first couple of months just to give them a fighting chance.
Ideally artichoke seeds should be planted between March and April, ready to be harvested in August or September. Although there are many different types of artichokes, I would recommend choosing the popular Globe artichoke.
Mature artichoke plants can grow up to 4 feet tall and be anywhere from 2-6 feet wide, so spacing is important. I would try to plant your seedlings at least 2-3 feet apart and about ½ inch to an inch deep. If you are going to plant your seeds in compost, try to plant them a little deeper.
You will need to water your seedlings well until they start to germinate.
Nurturing your seeds
Your artichoke plants will require nurturing year round, whether it’s keeping your plants weed-free, mulching in spring or cutting the leaves back in autumn in preparation of winter. Nevertheless, if you show them the right amount of TLC, you should be rewards with plants that can last for years.
After planting, you will need to weed your beds regularly and water well, especially during warmer weather. If you live in a slightly colder climate, you may have the opposite problem, in which case I would try to cover the plants to protect them from the elements.
The main pests attracted to artichoke plants are your usual offenders – slugs, snails and greenflies. Slugs in particular will try to feed off your seedlings, though thankfully there are many ways of dealing with these culprits! Greenflies are slightly trickier, because they tend to travel as a colony and encourage the growth of mould.
I would have a word with someone at your local garden centre for tips on how to deal with these pests in an environmentally-friendly way!
Harvesting your artichokes
One of the good things about artichokes is that you should notice that your yield increases each year, so don’t be too disheartened if your first harvest falls short of your expectations!
Normally artichokes are harvested between July and September. You can usually start to remove the buds as they appear, although I would wait until the buds have had a little while to grow in size. Make sure they have not started to flower and try to keep a good portion of the stem attached – not only is the stem edible, it can also make it easier to prepare the artichokes for cooking.
If you want to learn more about how to harvest your artichokes and prepare some delicious meals, please check out Sarah Raven’s video below for more details!Tyanna Lee Yonkers
for the degree of
Doctor of Philosophy
Tuesday, May 13, 2014
2:30p.m., Caldwell Hall, Room 125-15
the spirituality of the bridgettine sisters of syon abbey in the context of the spirituality of english women of the late 15th and 16th centuries
Director: Rev. Regis Armstrong, O.F.M.Cap., Ph.D.
In 1415, King Henry V established The Monastery of Saint Savior, Saint Mary, and Saint Bridget of Syon in Middlesex, England. Syon Abbey, as it was more commonly known, was a double monastery of women from prominent families and well-educated men who together followed the Rule of Saint Augustine (The rewyl of Seynt Austyn) and the rule of Saint Bridget of Sweden (The Rewyll of Seynt Sauioure). These legislative materials, coupled with their Additions, enabled this monastic house to embrace a pattern of life dedicated to cultivating contemplative prayer and devotional study. Syon quickly developed a reputation as a citadel of people committed to a passion for learning undergirded by their love for God and devotion to Mary. By the time of the dissolution, Syon was known for both its wealth, its physical and spiritual benefits to the community, and its libraries which were unequaled by any other English monastery of the day.
At question is the influence of Syon’s spirituality over the women faithful of England in the late fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. Bridgettine Syon Abbey was a matriarchal centered house designated in Bridget’s Rewyll as founded by Christ “first & prinpally by women” for the “worship” of Mary. Syon was under the leadership of an abbess, who was responsible for the supreme governance of the entire monastery. A confessor general, who was responsible for only the spiritual wellbeing of the professed, aided her. Also holding great sway of a feminine spirituality influence, was The Orcherd of Syon, a paraphrase of Catherine of Siena’s Il Dialogo, written specifically for Syon.
Using an interdisciplinary methodology, this study explores the spirituality emanating from Syon and its influence on the spirituality of the aristocratic and gentry class women of England who were in some way connected with the abbey as evidenced by the books they owned, published, and/or willed to others. This study shows the influence of the women of Syon on their female constituents. It reveals how Syon empowered them, or at least gave them ‘permission’, to study and eventually to take up their pens and write. The study concludes with examination of a symbol that arises from Syon exemplifying the abbey’s spiritual influence on the women of England of this era.寻找改变? 以下是如何在2022年改变你的职业生涯 一个集中的三步入门，把你职业生涯中最艰难的决定之一变成最成功的决定之一. 和卡特里娜·梅里肯一起拥抱内心的叛逆 卡特里娜·梅里肯将她在会计方面的专业技能与对娱乐行业的热情结合起来, 打造充满活力的职业生涯. 利用你和英格丽·米赫伊的关系 当决定学习什么的时候, 英格丽德知道她想做广告, 她不确定的是，创意和业务哪个方面最好. Chi Vu是如何找到梦想中的工作的 当Chi接到谷歌的工作面试电话时，她欣喜若狂，但又有些犹豫. 她没有得到她申请的最后两个职位，她“足够聪明”吗??Print this page.
Home / Browse / Furbush, William Hines
William Hines Furbush was an African-American member of the Arkansas General Assembly and the first sheriff of Lee County. His political career began in the Republican Party at the close of Reconstruction and ended in the Democratic Party just as the political disfranchisement of African Americans in the post-Reconstruction era began.
William Furbush was born in Carroll County, Kentucky, in 1839 and was often described as a mulatto. Nothing is known of his parentage or childhood, but judging from his literacy and scripted handwriting, he received an early and formal education. Around 1860, Furbush is known to have operated a photography studio in Delaware, Ohio. In March 1862, he traveled to Union-controlled Helena (Phillips County) on the Kate Adams, where he continued to work as a photographer.
In December of that year, he married Susan Dickey in Franklin County, Ohio. In February 1865, he joined the Forty-second Colored Infantry at Columbus, Ohio. At the rank of Commissary Sergeant, he was honorably discharged in January 1866, and later that year, he departed for Liberia on the Golconda, an American Colonization Society (ACS) ship. In the ACS roll books, “Willis H. Furbush” was described as a twenty-seven-year-old photographer of the Presbyterian faith, with a “good” education and traveling with no family. The ACS, a benevolent organization operating under racist pretensions of white progress and black inferiority, offered transportation, land, independence, and freedom for African Americans willing to immigrate to Liberia. Its appeal waned during Reconstruction, as African Americans acquired freedom and political rights, and Furbush left Liberia after eighteen months.
By 1870, Furbush was back in Arkansas, living in Phillips County with his wife and two young sons and working as a photographer. He had property and real estate worth $2,500. In 1872, he was elected a Republican representative to the General Assembly for the eleventh district (Phillips and Monroe counties). While in the legislature, Furbush became involved in civil rights issues. In February 1873, he assaulted two waiters after they refused him service in a Little Rock (Pulaski County) restaurant and was fined $75. Two months later, following the passage of Arkansas’s 1873 Civil Rights Act, he and three other African Americans (R. A. Dawson, J. R. Roland, and Lloyd G. Wheeler) were refused service at Wilds Opera House Saloon on Main Street. The trio filed a lawsuit, and on appeal, African-American lawyers Lloyd Wheeler and Mifflin Gibbs won the case against the barkeeper. The verdict of $46.80 marked the only known victory under Arkansas’s 1873 Civil Rights Act.
Furbush’s main accomplishment was the establishment of Lee County, with Marianna as the county seat. Phillips County opposed the bill, which would have named the proposed county “Coolidge County” and then, in a second version, “Woodford County.” Both versions were defeated. The persistent Furbush finally pushed it through when the county’s name was changed to honor the South’s “Great Chieftain,” Robert E. Lee, and he was named sheriff of the new Lee County.
Within a year, Furbush remarried, after his first marriage to Susan had apparently ended. He married eighteen-year-old schoolteacher Emma S. Owens on April 7, 1874, in Memphis, Tennessee.
Furbush served as sheriff from 1873 to 1879, winning reelection twice by cooperating in a fusion political system that combined black Republican voting power with the economic power of white Democrats. Ideally, fusion avoided political violence by dividing uncontested political offices between the parties. Fusion in Lee County was barely off the ground when Republicans, in October 1874, upset by Furbush’s campaign tactics, confronted him in the streets of Marianna. Furbush tussled with at
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Elçiler) Dediler ki: "Ey Lut, biz Rabbinin elçileriyiz. Onlar sana kesin olarak ulaşamazlar. Gecenin bir parçasında ailenle birlikte yürü. Sakın, hiçbiriniz dönüp arkasına bakmasın; fakat senin karın başka. Çünkü onlara isabet edecek olan, ona da isabet edecektir. Onlara va'dolunan (azab) sabah vaktidir. Sabah da yakın değil mi?" (Hud Suresi, 81)
(İbrahim) dedi ki: "Şu halde sizin asıl isteğiniz nedir ey elçiler? Doğrusu biz suçlu-günahkar bir kavme gönderildik" dediler. Üzerlerine çamurdan (iyice sertleşip kaskatı kesilmiş) taşlar yağdırmak için. (Ki bu taşların her biri) Rabbinin katında ölçüyü taşıranlar için (herkese ayrı ayrı) işaretlenmiştir. Bu arada mü'minlerden orda kim varsa çıkardık. Ne var ki orda Müslümanlardan olan bir evden başkasını bulmadık. (Zariyat Suresi, 31-36)
ENFAL 33. Halbuki sen onların içinde iken Allah, onlara azap edecek değildir. Ve onlar mağfiret dilerlerken de Allah onlara azap edici değildir.
7:72 - Onu ve onunla beraber olanları rahmetimizle kurtardık ve âyetlerimizi yalanlayıp da iman etmeyenlerin kökünü kestik.
11:58 - Ne zaman ki emrimiz geldi, Hud'u ve beraberindeki iman edenleri, tarafımızdan bir rahmet ile kurtardık, ayrıca onları çok ağır bir azaptan da kurtardık.
1) Azap
Arapça'da azap "terketmek, vazgeçmek, vazgeçirmek" gibi manalara gelen azb kökünden isim olup "işkence, eziyet ve elem" anlamında kullanılır. Elem ve ıstırapların bir kısmı beden, bir kısmı da ruh üzerinde etkili olduğuna göre azap hem maddi hem de manevi bir elem ve ceza niteliği taşır.
Kur'an ve Hadiste azap
Kuran'da türevleri ile beraber 490 defa geçen azap, genellikle ilahi emirlere karşı gelenlere verilen cezanın adı olarak kullanılır. Kuran'da azap manasında geçen başka kelimeler mevcuttur. Bunlardan en çok tekrarlananlar nar, cehennem, ricz, be's ve ikabdır. İlgili ayetlere göre ilahi azap dünyada ve ahirette olmak üzere üç safhada gerçekleşir. Kainatın yegane yaratıcısı, yöneticisi ve dolayısıyla sahibi olan ALLAH kullarından dilediğine azap etmeye muktedir olmakla birlikte (Maide 5/40; Ankebut 29/21) O azabının inkara ve isyana karşılık olduğunu bildirmiştir. (Araf 7/96; Tevbe 9/95; Yunus 10/8, 70) İlahi buyrukları tanımayanlara, peygamberlerini alaya alıp yalanlayanlara, kafirlere, fasıklara, zulüm ve haksızlık yapanlara, hak dine girdikten sonra dönenlere, işledikleri günahlar sebebiyle ceza ve azap olmak üzere çeşitli felaketler gönderilerek helak edildikleri muhtelif ayetlerde beyan edilmiştir. Bilhassa Nuh, Hud, Salih, Lut ve Şuayb peygamberlerin inkarcı kavimleri çeşitli şekillerdeki felaketlerle azaba uğratılmış, kimi yerin dibine geçirilerek, kimine gökten taş yağdırılarak (Ankebut 29/40), kimi suda boğularak (İsra 17/103) kimine yağmur felaketi verilerek (Araf 7/84) bunlar maddi cezaya çarptırılmış, Kuran'a inanmayan Ehl-i Kitap ile münafıklar da olduğu gibi kimine de zillet damgası vurarak kıyamete kadar manevi azaba maruz bırakılmıştır. Yine Kuran, kafirlerin sahip olduğu gelip geçici dünya nimetlerinin aslında kendileri için bir azap olduğunu (Tevbe 9/85) haber vermiş, bu şekilde maddi imkanların insan bedenen haz vermesine rağmen ruhu için ıstırap kaynağı olabileceği, manevi mutluluğun madde ile değil, ALLAH yolunda harcanmayan servetin sahibini azaba sürükleyeceği anlatılmak istenmiştir.(Tevbe 9/35)
Bizim ele alacağımız konu azabın kimleri etkilediğidir. Kafirler dünyada azaba uğrarken orada bulunan Müslümanlar dünyevi azaptan beri mi kalacaklardır? Dünya da verilen azap sadece kötü insanları mı etkiler? Azaptan kurtulmak nasıl mümkün olur? Bu konuyu Kur'an ve hadislerle değerlendirelim.
Müminlerin, hayat sürecinde birtakım olumsuz sonuçlara yol açabilecek düşünsel ve amil sapmalardan doğal bireysel ve toplumsal sorunları bilinçli bir şekilde göğüslemeleri bir sorumluluktur. Bu da, olumluluklar ve olumsuzluklarıyla toplumun gidişatına hükmeden sosyal prensipleri iyi kavrayan kapsamlı bir sorumluluk duygusu içinde bunlarla mücadele etmekle sağlanabilir. Kuran-ı Kerim, insanların yaptıklarından dolayı sorumlu olduklarını bildirir. İnsan yaptığı hayırlı amellerin de kötü işlerinde karşılığını görecektir. Bu, gerek dünyada gerekse ahirette ortaya çıkan bir durumdur.
Kötü amellerin karşılığı dünyada ve ahirette azaptır. Ancak azap sadece kafirleri mi kuşatır?
İnsanların ilişki ve çıkarları, çağrıştırdıkları duygu ve düşüncelerle oldukça karmaşık bir manzara arz ederler. Bu nedenledir ki toplumun dar birimlerinden birinde meydana gelen ihtilafların çoğu zaman bu birimle sınırlı kalmadığını aksine diğer birimlerin de bazı duygu ve düşünce boyutlarında bundan etkilendiklerini görürüz. Bu bir tür virüs veya bireyler arasındaki yoğun ilişkiden dolayı gayri ihtiyari bir etkileşim olarak tanımlanabilir. İşte iyiliği emredip kötülükten sakındırma emri bu bağlamda gündeme gelmiştir. Bu ilke, İslam toplumunun dinamik karakteristiğidir. İslam toplumu, bireylerinin bir bölümünün çarpıklığından birinci derecede sorumludur. Kadın erkek tüm müminler bu sorumluluğu paylaşırlar. Çünkü mesele sadece çarpıklık içinde olanları ilgilendirmekle kalmamakta, şu veya bu şekilde toplumun diğer katmanlarını da etkilemektedir. Kişi özgürlüklerine saygı iddiasıyla bunlara karşı kayıtsız kalmak mümkün değildir. Çünkü öyle kişi özgürlükleri vardır ki birçok alanda toplumun tamamının özgürlüğünü kısıtlayabilmektedirler. Kuran, Müslümanları o tür bir fitneden sakındırmaktadır ki onun etkileri sadece onu ortaya atanlara ve ateşini körükleyenlere değil sosyal olay ve sorunların içiçeliğinin tabii sonucu olarak diğerlerine de dokunacaktır: "Sadece sizden zulmedenlere ulaşmayacak fitneden sakının"(Enfal 8/25) Bireylerin hareketleri toplumun geleceğini belirlediği için çıkarılan fitne sadece sahiplerini değil diğer bireyleri de yakacaktır. (Fadlullah, Min Vahy'il Kur'an, X, 251,252)Dolayısıyla zalimlerin körükledikleri fitne ateşine karşı herkesin uyanık olması çağrısı yapılmıştır. Kurtubi, Ali, Zeyd b. Sabit ve İbn Mesud'un bu ayetteki la tusiybenne ifadesini letusiybenne şeklinde okuduklarını ve çoğunluğun okuyuşuna muhalefet ettiklerini söyler. Bu durumda ortaya çıkan "özellikle zalimlere isabet eden fitneden sakının" anlamını verecek şekilde okumanın mümkün olduğunu söyler. (Kurtubi, IV, 352) Her iki okuyuş biçiminde de müminler zalim olmaktan ve onların uğrayacağı azaptan sakındırılmaktadırlar.
Bu fitne zulmedenlere isabet etmekle kalmaz, belki umumileşir. Bazı günahlar vardır ki zararı geneli ilgilendirir. Sebep olacağı fitne ve ihtilal, celbedeceği sıkıntı ve musibet yalnız o günahı yapan, işi yerinden oynatan ve bu suretle kendine ve diğerlerine zulmetmiş olan zalimlere has kalmaz da kurunun yanında yaşı da yakar. Mesela açıkça, kötülük, iyiliği emir ve kötülüğü nehiyde uzlaşma, akidenin ifsada uğraması ve cihatta gevşeklik bu kabildendir. Bir şahsın hatası bir yapıyı batırabilir. Hadisi nebevide belirtildiği üzere bir geminin dibini delmeye uğraşan bir kişinin fiili öyle bir batışa neden olur ki bu fitne o geminin içinde bulunanlardan yalnız onu delene veya ona yardım edenlere veya görüp sessiz kalanlara değil hiç haberi olmayanlara varıncaya kadar hepsine isabet edecek bir genel bir musibet olur. (Buhari, VII, 433) Ve hatta ilgisizlikten dolayı hiç haberdar olmayanların, gafletlerinden dolayı durumları daha feci olabilir. Bunun için böyle bir musibete başlangıçta meydan vermemek için korunmak genel gözlemde bulunmak ve onu deleni engellemek o gemide bulunanların görevidir. İçlerinden bazıları bu görevi yerine getirdikleri zaman kurtulur, hiçbiri aldırmayıp gemi delindiği surette hepsi etkilenir. (Yazır, IV, 2387-2389)Genel fitne yalnız suçu işleyen zalimlerin cezası o değil aynı zamanda korunmayıp onunu vuku bulmasına meydan veren gafillerin gafletlerinin de cezasıdır. Son nefese kadar çalışıp da başarılı olamayanlara gelince ma'zireten ila rabbikum (Rabb'inize bir mazeret olsun diye uyarıyoruz) ayetin uyarınca mazur sayılırlar. Ancak o zalim veya gafillerin içinde bulunup onlara komşuluk ettiklerinden dolayı dünyada o genel musibetin dairesi içinde kalmaları da mümkündür.
Ancak azabın herkesi her zaman kuşattığını söylemek mümkün değildir. Toplumların yok edilmesi ile ilgili olarak zikredilen ayetlerde Peygamber ve müminlerin o toplumun iman etmesinden ümit kestikleri zaman ilahi vahiy ile oradan ayrılıp dünyevi anlamda da kurtulduklarını biliyoruz. (Hud 11/40,58,66,81,94)
Günümüzde peygamber olmadığına göre müminler ne yapacaklardır?
Bir toplumda azgınlık yapanlar yeryüzünü ifsad edenler arttığında kötülükleri engelleyemeyen müslümanlar hicret etmelidirler. Zulüm ile bir arada yaşamak cehennemi tercih etmek demektir. (Nisa 4/97) Bu kararı vermek müminlerin birlikte yapacakları değerlendirmeye bağlıdır. Zira bu durumda verilecek ferdi kararlar yeryüzünü ıslah etme sorumluluğundan kaçış anl***** gelebilir.
Dünyevi azabı ahiret azabı gibi görmek bir mümin için düşünülemeyecek bir şeydir. Firavuna karşı meydan okuyan büyücülüğü terketmiş kimselerin tavrında bunu rahatlıkla görebiliyoruz. Ellerinizi ve ayaklarınızı çarprazlama kestireceğim diyen Firavuna karşı "Senin azabını ALLAH'INki ile bir tutar mıyız?" (Taha 20/72-73) diyerek dünyevi kaybın pek de önemli olmadığını ifade ediyorlar. Demek ki dünyevi anlamda kaybetmek, ahirette kaybedenlerden olmak karşısında çok az bir değere sahiptir. Zaten Rabbimiz müminlere her zaman kazanç vadetseydi ve müminler sürekli rahata kavuşsalardı, herkes rant elde etmek için mümin olmaya bakardı. Ardından gelecek bir toplumsal çürüme de ahirette kaybedenlerden olmak anl***** gelecekti. Halbuki Rabbimiz bizim ebedi kurtulanlardan olmamızı istemektedir.
2) Dünyadaki Azabın Kapsamı
Kuran-ı Kerim bir şehir halkından bahseder. Onlar geçimlerini balıkçılık ile sağlamaktadırlar. Rabbimiz onların azap karşısında üç farklı tavır aldıklarından söz eder: "Onlardan bir topluluk: "ALLAH'IN kendilerini helak etmek ve azaba uğratmak istediği bir topluma ne diye öğüt veriyorsunuz?" dediğinde, "Rabbinize karşı bir özür için ve belki sakınırlar" dediler.
Kendilerine hatırlatılanı unuttuklarında ise, biz de kötülükten sakındıranları kurtardık. Zulme sapanları ise fıskları dolayısıyla pek şiddetli bir azap ile yakalayıverdik.
Kendisinden sakındırıldıkları şeyde ısrarla isyana sapınca onlara: "Aşağılık maymunlar olunuz" dedik. (Araf 7/163-167)
Bu husus, söz konusu şehirde üç çeşit insan olduğunu gösterir: Birinciler, ilahi kanun ve düzenlemelere açıkça ve küstahça karşı gelenlerden oluşan grup. Bunları, ilahi kanunlara bizzat karşı gelmeyen fakat dini değerlere karşı gösterilen yıkıcı hareketlere sessiz kalan ve birinci guruba nasihat edenlere de o kanun tanımazlara herhangi bir nasihatte bulunmanın hiçbir yararı yoktur diyen insanlar izlemekte. Son gurup ise, son derece cesaret ve vekar ile şereflenmiş ve ilahi kanuna karşı açıkça karşı gelmeye hiçbir müsamaha gösteremeyen yukarıdaki iki grubun dışında kalan diğer insanlardır. Bunlar, o kanuna aykırı hareket edenleri belki doğru yola yeniden dönerler diye, veya en azından bu zalimleri uyarmak konusunda üzerlerine düşeni yaptıklarını, Rableri katında gösterebilecekleri bir amelleri olsun diye, onları iyilik yapmaya ve kötü işlerden uzak durmaya çağırırlar. Ve
ALLAH'IN korkunç belası o şehre geldiğinde bu cezadan kurtarılmış olanlar sadece bu son gruba mensup olanlardır. Kuran'a göre, bizzat kötülüğün ortadan kaldırılmasına çalışmış oldukları için onlar, gelen bu afetten kurtarıldılar. Diğer iki grup ise, günah işleyenlerden sayılmak suretiyle ve suçlarının yapısı ve yaygınlık derecelerine göre cezalandırıldılar. Ancak bu kurtarılanların dünyada bir kurtuluşa erdikleri net değildir.
Demek ki azap dünyada sadece kötülere dokunmakla kalmamakta iyileri de etkilemektedir. Ancak azap olarak görülen bu durum kafirler için kötü sonun başlangıcı iken müminler için bir olumluluk olabilir. Hz. Musa'nın karşılaştığı kendisine ilim verilen bir kişinin olayında olduğu gibi. Bu zat bir çocuğu öldürmektedir. Sonra onun bu eyleminin, öldürdüğü çocuğun annesini ve babasını müşrik olmaktan kurtardığını ve ateşin azabından onları koruduğunu söylemektedir. (Kehf 18/80-81)
Yani görünürde şer olan bir çocuğun ölümü iki kişiyi büyük azaptan kurtarmaktadır. Bu genel helakın, mümin olarak can verme ve ebedi nimete kavuşma açısından müminlere iyilik, kafirlere de pişmanlık verici olduğunu gösterir.
Kuran, dünyevi azaptan kurtulmanın yolunu şöyle gösterir:
"Sizden önceki nesillerden akıllı kimselerin insanları yeryüzünde bozgunculuk yapmaktan menetmeleri gerekmez miydi? Fakat onlar arasından, ancak kendilerini kurtardığımız pek az kişi böyle yaptı. Zulmedenler ise kendilerine verilen refahın peşine düşüp şımardılar ve suç işleyen insanlar olup çıktılar. Halkı ıslah edici kimseler olsalardı, Rabbin o şehirleri haksız yere helak edecek değildi."(Hud 11/116-7)
Ayetlerde, ALLAH'IN peygamberlerinden anlattığı önceki milletlerin işlerinden olan şeyleri takip etme anlamında rapor sunulmaktadır. Önceki milletler içinde, yeryüzünde işlenilen fesattan insanları alıkoyacak, takvalı, faziletli, akıllı kimselerin olmaları gerekirdi. Fakat bunlar azınlıkta oldukları için etkili olamadılar. Bunlar ALLAH'IN kurtardıkları ve onların yolundan giden kimselerdir. Diğerleri ise zalimlerden oldular. Günah işlemeye devam ettiler, taşkınlık ettiler, şehvetleri peşine düştüler. Bu yüzden ALLAH onları helak etti.
Bunlar üç şeyi vurgulamak için zikrediyoruz:
1) İnsanları kötülükten sakındıracak, iyiliği tavsiye edecek birtakım kimselerin bulunması gerekmektedir. Zira ALLAH yalnızca iyiliğe razıdır, kötülüğe ise, ancak iyiliğin egemen olduğu veya belli bir potansiyele sahip olduğu sürece müsamaha eder. Fakat, içinde hiç iyi insan kalmadığı, yalnızca mücrimlerin yaşadığı veyahut iyilerin bulunduğu fakat etkinliklerinin son derece az olduğu, hiç kimsenin bunlara kulak vermediği, kısaca manevi çöküntüye doğru at başı
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珠宝商，杂货，电影院，真的应有尽有。你真的可以在这里购买任何东西。商场非常干净，漂亮，到处都是商店。他们有停车场，门外就是巴士站。这些商店包括便宜的非洲纪念品和高档服装。在码头也很容易到达。
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İspanyol basınında yapılan değerlendirmelerde, Barcelona'nın sahadaki en iyi oyuncuları arasında Arda'nın da yer aldığı vurgulandı.
El Mundo Deportivo, "Arda Turan bir jeneratör" benzetmesini yaparak, "Maça damga vuran hareket ondan geldi. Rakip takımın labirente benzeyen baskısından çıkarak Ivan Rakitic'e verdiği derin pasın ardından Barcelona 1-0 öne geçti" ifadelerini kullandı.
Marca gazetesi de milli futbolcuya, "Harika, gösterişli, muhteşem. Türk futbolcunun çok yüksek kalitesi var. Onu takımdan çıkarmak hemen hemen imkansız. Takımın performansını ikiye katlıyor. Sezonun geri kalanında takımın hayati bir organı olmaya aday" değerlendirmesini yaptı.
Sport gazetesi ise "Arda Turan, San Mames Stadı'nın ışığında parıldadı" başlığı altında "Sakatlığı bulunan Lionel Messi'nin yerine San Mames'te maça çıktı. Takım oyunu ve kişisel becerisini öne çıkardığı büyük bir ilk yarı oynadı. Arda, Barça'nın kendisini transfer etmekte ne kadar haklı olduğunu bir kez daha kanıtladı. İlk golde sihirbazlığını gösterdi" yorumunda bulundu.
El Mundo da milli futbolcudan övgüyle bahsederek, "Arda, Barça'nın futboluna bir eldiven gibi uyum sağladı. Birinci golde Athletic Bilabao'dan 3 futbolcuyu hareketsiz bırakarak Rakitic'e güzel bir pas attı" diye yazdı.
Kaynak: TRT Türk食品加工包装在线 Huer
乙基麦芽酚，化学名称为2-乙基-3-羟基-4H-比喃酮-[4]，是一种安全、可靠、用量少、效果显著的增香剂，其在食品中仅需很少一点就可达到增加香味的目的，其增香效果比传统的增香剂麦芽酚高4～6倍，比香豆素高24倍，在食品工业中我们常称其为"一滴香"。1970年，乙基麦芽酚正式被世界卫生组织及联合国粮农组织列入食品添加剂行列，可广泛应用于食品、饮料、日化等领域。
麦芽酚类的增香剂主要有麦芽酚、乙基麦芽酚、异丁酸麦芽酚酯以及丙酸麦芽酚酯，其中麦芽酚和乙基麦芽酚是应用最多的两个品类。
麦芽酚广泛存在于自然界中，小麦、大麦芽焙烧凝结物以及某些枞树、落叶松的树叶和树皮层中也有麦芽酚，而乙基麦芽酚在自然界中并不存在，是人工合成的产物，但其安全性有保障。
在从正常食物来源中摄取麦芽酚和乙基麦芽酚物质的人群当中，并未发现致病的病例。用狗进行的毒性试验表明，麦芽酚和乙基麦芽酚在口服后，迅速转化为无毒的葡萄苷酸衍生物。
此外，香精类的都具有自限性，其用量并不会很多，乙基麦芽酚极强的增味特性从根本上限制了用量。联合国粮食与农业组织和世界卫生组织食品添加剂专业委员会规定：乙基麦芽酚人均每天的摄入量以体重计不能超过2mg·Kg-1，在食品加工中的指导用量为100～200pg·Kg-1，在实际应用中很少会有超量情况的出现。
乙基麦芽酚根据应用范围和效果的不同可以分为三类：纯香型、淡焦香型和醇香型。
纯香型的乙基麦芽酚果香味突出，在各种水果制品或饮料中具有显著的增香效果，使果香味更加浓郁；
淡焦香型产品具有焦糖香味，在需要增强焦香味的产品中有很好效果，比如巧克力、烘焙制品、烧烤制品、腊肠烤肠等肉类制品；
醇香型的乙基麦芽酚纯度较高，不仅能够使各种产品的香味更突出，而且能够提高香味的持续性，并有抑酸、抑苦、去腥等功能。
01肉制品改良效果突出
乙基麦芽酚在肉制品中的应用具有增香、护色、减量的特性。
第一，乙基麦芽酚对于风味不仅具有增香的作用，还具有风味"乳化"的效果，能够使肉类的香味与香精充分融合，使味道更圆润醇厚。同时，乙基麦芽酚能和肉中氨基酸发生反应,产生具有肉香的物质，能够明显增加产品的肉香；
第二、乙基麦芽酚能与肌红蛋白中的铁离子发生络合反应，防止肌红蛋白降解成无铁的卟啉-球蛋白络合物，进而起到维护肉类色泽的作用；
第三，乙基麦芽酚不仅具有肉类护色效果，还具有抗菌、防腐的作用，在肉制品中能够显著降低亚硝酸盐的用量。
02增甜效果显著
降糖是食品行业发展的主流趋势之一，InnovaMarketInsights追踪了2018年的新食品和饮料，其中有8%都声称要减少糖分的应用。
减糖在应用层面上用代糖更为合适，因为真正的减糖意味着甜味的降低，这会直接导致产品竞争力的下降。纵使人们对于健康的关注度更高，但风味始终是产品评价的第一要素。
目前来说，甜味剂是减糖概念落地的有效途径，高效的甜味剂可以很好的达到减量的效果，同时甜味得以保留。乙基麦芽酚同样也具有辅助减糖的效果，有实验指出，在果汁饮料、碳酸饮料、糖果等生产中加入少量乙基麦芽酚，蔗糖用量可减少10%~15%，而不影响甜度。
03滥用问题严峻
GB2760中规定，食品用香料、香精在各类食品中可以按生产需要适量使用，其应用范围非常广泛。但同时也规定了例外情况，其中包括发酵乳、动植物油、新鲜蔬菜、小麦粉、生鲜肉在内的28种食品是禁止添加的。在这28类产品中，大多数是与生活密切相关的必需食品，使用香精香料的意义并不大，但植物油脂是个例外。
植物油是生活中的必需品，是以植物油料为原料制取的用于加工或食用的油脂。食用植物油常用的评价指标有脂肪酸组成、营养素、烟点、香味等，因此有很多不法生产者会在食用油中添加乙基麦芽酚以增强消费者的喜好性，"一滴香"在食用油中的表现非常突出。然而，乙基麦芽酚在食用油中添加属于滥用，在利益的刺激下，滥用的态势愈演愈烈，在各地的食用油抽检中乙基麦芽酚不合格的情况时有发生。《国家食品安全监督抽检实施细则（2020）》中，针对食用油的抽检环节重点突出了乙基麦芽酚的检测，重点整治乙基麦芽酚在食用油中的滥用情况。
乙基麦芽酚也有一个显著的缺点，其极易与铁离子络合而变成红紫色，对含铁物品十分敏感。通常情况下其并不会对产品带来影响，因为含量和混合物的关系，其颜色的改变并不显著。但对于某些对红色系颜色较为排斥的产品，制作过程中就应避免接触含铁物质。乙基麦芽酚的存放也应采用玻璃、不锈钢或塑料容器，以阻断其络合物的产生。
"一滴香"的称呼对于乙基麦芽酚而言可谓"实至名归"，是食品工业有力的"改良剂"。但在实际应用中除了要考虑香味的调和外，可用性也需要各方严格遵守，安全性高并不意味着可以滥用。Shosh Chovav, volontaria di Shavei Israel, ha recentemente passato in Polonia due mesi, insegnando lingua e tradizioni ebraiche alla locale comunit? ebraica. Shosh ha condiviso con noi le foto delle intense attivit? da lei organizzate a Lodz, durante gli ultimi due mesi. Tra queste lezioni di ebraico per i bambini, laboratori, incontri commoventi per i giovani israeliani che hanno visitato la citt? polacca, discussioni con i leader della comunit? e infine una toccante cerimonia di sistemazione della mezuz?, a casa del presidente della comunit?.
I Ben? Anusim del Portogallo hanno una nuova volontaria per insegnare loro l’ebraico: Shoshana Hovav. Per lei ? una specie di ritorno alle sue radici, visto che i suoi antenati erano parte della Comunit? Ebraica Portoghese prima dell’espulsione nel XV secolo.
La Hovav, 70 anni, ci ha inviato un incredibile albero genealogico della famiglia Tzadik. Yosef ben Yakov, patriarca della famiglia era nato nel 1075 circa nella citt? andalusa di Cordoba. Era un rabbino, filosofo e poeta che ricevette il suo cognome, Tzadik – che significa giustizia – davi abitanti cristiani della citt?, che lo chiamavano “Justo” e “uomo di giustizia”.
Shoshana ha tracciato la famiglia Tazdik e i suoi discendenti in molti luoghi – Amsterdam, Baghdad, Turchia e gli insediamenti ebraici sotto la giurisdizione ottomana a Gerusalemme. Ne ha scritto nel libro??The Shape of the Land? di Rivka Rubin (Yad Ben-Zvi Publishing).The Supreme Court sits for three terms a year.
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The Supreme Court has a criminal and civil division. It hears appeals from all lower courts and tribunals but also has its own jurisdiction. It hears the more complex and high-value civil claims and more serious criminal cases.
You will need a lawyer to represent you in Supreme Court cases. Should you qualify for legal aid, a lawyer will be provided for you if you are unable to afford one.
The Supreme Court is made up of nine judges including the Chief Justice. The Master of the Supreme Court and the Registrar can both hear cases too.
Judges hear cases by themselves but sit with a jury of nine for trials of murder and treason.
The Supreme Court has oversight of lawyers practicing in the Seychelles and can hear disciplinary matters. It has the power to provisionally or permanently prevent lawyers from practising by revoking their licenses.
You may appeal any Supreme Court decision to the Court of Appeal.
Judges of the Supreme Court may be co-opted to the Court of Appeal at the request of the President of the Court of Appeal, to sit on specific cases where the Court of Appeal requires it.
During the court vacation, there is a duty Judge who is available to take urgent matters arising. All other court functions continue during the court vacations.
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他们认为以西方为主导的时代已经终结了或者会终结.
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该命令将于本月16日生效与今年1月27日签署的
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索马里南部暴发霍乱导致至少110人死亡新华社内罗毕3月4日电记者金正卢朵宝摩加迪沙消息天天影视第一时间收录完结《八个地球精英被空投到外星球，接受神秘生物狩猎#新铁血战士》铁血战士S,终极战士团,新铁血战士 Predators并提供免费在线观看。《八个地球精英被空投到外星球，接受神秘生物狩猎#新铁血战士》上映于 2010年，是一部美国制片出品，由艾德里安·布洛迪,托弗·戈瑞斯,艾莉丝·布拉加,沃尔顿·戈金斯,欧勒格·塔克塔罗夫,劳伦斯·菲什伯恩,丹尼·特雷霍,路易斯·小泽·张简,马赫沙拉·阿里,欧文·凯里·琼斯,布莱恩·斯蒂尔,德里克·梅耶斯,Aaron,Richardson等主演的电影解说，对白语言为英语。
一道极强的亮光，将分处五大洲的8个人带到了一片未知所在。他们身背降落伞从高空坠落，继而落入一望无边的雨林。这群人中有车臣部队战士、以色列国防军、墨西哥特种部队成员、FBI通缉的要犯、日本黑帮稻川会头目以及一名与其他人格格不入的医生。他们彼此互不相识，也不知道为何被带到了这片陌生丛林。在罗伊斯（阿德连·布隆迪 Adrien Brody 饰）的带领下，众人开始朝制高点进发，最终发现他们竟然置身在一颗外星球中。与此同时，凶猛邪恶的猛兽接连向他们袭来，罗伊斯意识到，他们不过是一群外星生物选出的猎物，而这片雨林正是外星人的狩猎场。天天影视不参与《八个地球精英被空投到外星球，接受神秘生物狩猎#新铁血战士》的影视资源制作、录制、上传与存储，当前播放线路分别由网络资源网采集。有关《八个地球精英被空投到外星球，接受神秘生物狩猎#新铁血战士》的后续高清完整版本资源会陆续放出，敬请关注。
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用户评论8月18日，印度尼西亚纪念宪法日。此纪念是基于1945年8月17 日印度尼西亚宣布独立后的第二天，印度尼西亚宣布1945年宪法的存在作为建立印度尼西亚国家的法律依据。1945年宪法是印尼最高的法律，所有法律产品都参照1945年宪法的内容。印尼1945年宪法的历程上相当漫长。1945年宪法在1999年新秩序垮台后的改革时期进行了第一次修改。现在，1945年宪法确实发生了变化，而也引起了许多人认为1945年宪法应该恢复原状，正如 1950 年法令中所发生的。
人民协商会议主席Bambang Soesatyo星期三在雅加达举行的宪法日纪念活动中表示，尽管人民协商会议的地位和权威发生了很大变化，但印尼建国之父寄托的最高机构的精神不会失去。因此，该机构必须始终能够弥(mí)合(hé)各地人民的愿望，优先考虑国家政治伦理，始终努力营造社会政治力量之间和利益集团之间的和谐氛围，以实现国家的进步。和国家公平。
与此同时，印度尼西亚国会主席Puan Maharani评估，1945 年宪法是最高的法律依据，并成为所有国家行政人员制定政策的主要参考和指南，其中每个人的宪法权利都有保障。公民，包括在新冠状肺炎期间实现经济和健康的权利。
其诞生以来，经历了4次修改，特别是在条款内容上，以对现有条款的增补和完善的形式进行。进行这些更改是为了鼓励更改被认为不适合情况和条件的内容。根本性变化之一是，人民协商会议的职位现在仅限于确认和就职总统和副总统。因为总统和副总统是由人民直接选举产生的。此前，总统和副总统由该国最高议会和DPR的人民代表和团体代表选举产生。
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Make sure to use a clicker once your dog can do this on his own. It is a huge milestone in teaching your dog how to smile. You can also stroke his pleasure points and get to associate the stroking with smiling.
Only make sure not to overdo the stroking so that your little puppy doesn’t get carried away and forgets to smile.
4. Teach him the “smile” command
Teach your dog to understand the smile command just the same way you would any other basic commands.
As you teach your dog to smile by showing him how to lift his lips, you can then proceed and also teach him the word. This is meant to help your dog associate the word with the action.
Anytime he will hear you say the word smile, he will lift his lips and show his teeth.
Dogs are very fast learners and will quickly grasp new tricks that you teach them. You can either teach him to smile when you say “cheese!” or “smile!” but make sure not to use the two together.
Using the two words together or interchangeably will confuse your dog. Only use one term and stick to it all through.
5. Use positive reinforcement
Dogs just like kids like to be praised and given treats when they do something right. Always use positive reinforcement when you want to teach your dog how to smile.
You can get your dog’s favorite treat and use it to reward your dog anytime he smiles at you. When you get your dog to show his teeth, good words of praise like “Good boy” or “Good job!” will go a great way to motivate him.
Take precaution not to show your dog the treat before he actually gets to smile because he will get distracted.
Only give him the treat when he lifts his lips an shows you his teeth. Once he has learnt to lift his lips, you can delay his treat for a few seconds until he shows you his teeth.
According to experts, positive reinforcement works more effectively than scolding or shouting at your dog. Dogs get to pick up our facial expressions very fast.
You can always show him your smile as well anytime you require him to show your guests this new trick before rewarding him.
6. Avoid bribing your dog
There is a huge difference between rewarding and bribing your dog. You need to avoid bribing your dog just to get him to show you his teeth.
As much as I would recommend that you use positive reinforcement, too much rewarding will begin to make it seem as though you are bribing your dog to do your bidding.
There will have to be times when you will have to delay rewarding your dog with the yummy treats just to make sure that he understands that you are not bribing him to smile for you guests.
Avoid bribing your furry friend with excessive treats because he will get used to obeying your command only when there is a treat in the offing.
The best thing to do is to hide the treat until he smiles and only show him after he shows you his teeth when smiling. If he shows you his teeth in an aggressive manner, do not reward such behavior.
7. Be firm and patient
Dogs are very smart animals and can learn new tricks and commands very fast. However, you need to be aware of the fact that dogs also have different levels of intellectual capacity just like humans.
There are dogs that learn really fast and others might take some time before grasping the trick fully. Exercise some patience with your dog when you want to teach him how to smile.
After all, you are not joining some smiling competition. Let your dog learn at his own pace. Make the training sessions fun and enjoyable for both you and your dog.
Take reasonable breaks from training and take him for a potty break or a run in the yard. At the end of the day it is just a trick you are trying to teach him and not like he will sit for an exam.
8. Pay attention to your dog’s needs
A good dog owner who is also experienced in training dogs will know that it is not always that a dog will be in the mood for training.
You ought to pay attention to your dog’s needs, whether emotional or physical needs. Make sure that your dog is well fed and has helped himself at his potty before you begin training.
Always pick the right time to teach your dog how to smile. You will not have good results when your dog is tired for instance or is hungry and all moody.
If your dog is also hyper, make sure to let him play and drain most of the energy he has.
All you need to do is learn and be very keen on the attitude of your dog. This will greatly help you in picking the right time to train and teach him how to smile.
9. Explore other ways to get your dog to show you his teeth
There might be other instances where your dog will willingly show you his teeth.
For example, if you do practice good dental hygiene and brush his teeth regularly, then your dog is likely to show you his teeth at the sight of his toothbrush. Take this as an opportunity to reinforce this behavior in your puppy.
Use treats to reward and motivate your dog to smile by showing you his teeth.
Perhaps your dog is most likely to show you his teeth once he sees his bowl of favorite dog food. This is undoubtedly one of the surest ways of getting any dog to smile at his owner.
Be creative and get to know what makes your dog tick. That way you will easily be able to teach him how to smile.
10. Timing is everything
If you are wondering how to teach your dog to smile, then you need to be very good at timing.
It is much easier to teach your dog how to smile when he is still a puppy or rather as soon as you bring him home.
When you want to successfully teach your dog how to smile, you have to be very strategic when it comes to timing. Immediately give your dog a click and a treat when he shows you his teeth.
Reward him instantly when he obeys your command, this will make him understand and connect the action of smiling to the reward he gets.
In a nutshell, it is very possible to teach your dog how to smile. There is simply no trick that is impossible for any dog to learn.
Preparation is key if you want to achieve success in teaching your dog how to smile.
Invest in a clicker or have a cue that you can use to reinforce the behavior and also remember to use positive reinforcement.
Reward your puppy with his favorite treat once he shows progress by lifting his lips and showing you his teeth.
Teach your dog the basic commands and let him know what he ought to do once he hears you say “smile!” or “cheese”.
Practice patience and be consistent in your training sessions. That way your dog will know how to smile for the camera in no time!
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We Like: PetHonesty 10-For-1 Multivitamin – 10 Benefits in 1 Daily Treat – These Multivitamin Snacks combine a well-rounded blend of the most essential vitamins and supplements including glucosamine, probiotics, vitamins and omegas, for dogs’ overall daily health.Tunuslu genç kızlar Suriye'deki muhaliflerle seks cihadı yapmak için Suriye'ye gidiyor. Suriye'de yüzlerce erkekle değişimli fuhuş yapan genç kızlar Tunus'a hamile dönüyor. Tunus İçişleri Bakanı Lütfü bin Ceddo yaptığı meclis konuşmasında bu acı gerçeği itiraf ederek "Tunuslu genç kızlar 20, 30 veya 100 cihadcı militan arasında "seks cihadı" için "takas" ediliyor ve çoğunlukla hamile dönüyorlar" dedi.
Bu duruma sessiz kaldıkları için kendilerini suçlayan Ceddo bu durumu engellemeleri gerektiğinin altını çizdi.
Tunus Müftüsü Şeyh Osman Battıh da Tunuslu genç kızların kandırılarak seks hizmeti için Suriye'ye götürüldüklerini, bunun düpedüz fuhuş olduğunu söylemişti. (BCE)Mersin Escort Grup Olarak Çalışmak. Bir sonraki grup,biraz daha karmaşık olanlar. Güzel bir ev yemeği yemek ve çok daha uzun bir sohbet isteyenler. Bu insan biraz daha ustalık ve daha uzun bir konuşma gerektirecek. Bilgiyi onlara bırakıp kendi başlarına kabullenmeye çalışmasına izin veremezsiniz. Daha fazla bilgiye ihtiyaçları olacak ve sizden daha fazlasını duymaları gerekecek. Kendi araştırmalarını yapmak istemeyecekler ya da önceden belirlenmiş zihinlerini doğrulamak için kendi araştırmaları yapılabilir. Onlara bilgileri, bilgilerinizi gösterin. Onlara sizin için neyle ilgili olduğunu, sizin için ne olduğunu anlatın. Onlara her eskortun farklı çalıştığını ve çalışma şeklinizin sizin için mükemmel olduğunu hatırlatın. Son grup, en zor oldukları için çok daha fazla hazırlık yapacağı bir gruptur .Onlara söylemeden önce birkaç toplantı bile alabilir. Onları önceden iyi bir şekilde hazırlamanız gerekebilir. Onlara eskortlarla ilgili olumlu filmler göstermeyi veya eskortlarla ilgili güzel hikayeler anlatmayı deneyin. İnançları ve refakatçiler hakkında ne düşünebileceklerini tartışın, böylece gelecekteki bir zaman için ne hazırlayacağınızı bilirsiniz. Ne yaptığınızı söylemeden önce onları eskort konusunda iyi çalışın. Konuyu gelişigüzel onlar için gündeme getirip oradan gitmek isteyebilirsiniz. Mersin Eskort olduğunuzu onlara bildirebilmeniz için birkaç kez bunun hakkında konuşmak veya çok daha fazla kez konuşmak gerekebilir.
Onlara bir kez söylediğinizde, sanki o gruptaymış gibi ağırlık kaldırılmış gibi hissedecek ve siz yine de onlara sizin için önemli olduklarını söylemek isteyeceksiniz. Diğer Mersin Escort Bayan grup olduğu gibi, eğer seni gerçekten önemsiyorlarsa, eninde sonunda etraflarına gelecekler. İnsanları rahatsız etme eğiliminde olduğu için sadece bir eskort olduğunuzu söyleme. Eskort iş yükünün nasıl olduğunu açıklayın. Onlara daha çok arkadaşlık ve müşterilere eksik olan bir şey vermekle ilgili olduğunu açıklayın. Dokunmak, tutmak, konuşmak, rahatlamakla ilgili. Bu, akıllarının hemen aktardığından çok daha fazlasıyla ilgili. Mersin Bayan Escort işiyle ilgili bir sorunları varsa, pek çok şeyi açıklığa kavuşturmayın. Onlara bazen seksin gerçekten masada olduğunu söyleyebilirsiniz, ancak kartopunun ne olduğunu veya A Seviyelerinin ne olduğunu açıklamaktan kaçınmak isteyebilirsiniz. Ne yaptığınızı bilmek isteyebilirler, ancak ihtiyaç duymadıkları ayrıntılar vardır. Güvende olduğunuzu, yalnız insanlara veya bir ihtiyacı karşılamak isteyen insanlara eşlik edeceğinizi bilmelerini sağlayın. Farklı insanlara farklı şeyler açıklayın. En iyi arkadaşın harika bir oral seks için sahip olduğun en iyi ipuçlarını bilmek isterken, yalnızlığa yardım etmek için orada olduğunu bilmeyi tercih edebilir. Buna hazırlıklı olun ve onlara geri dönmeden önce biraz uzaklaşmaya hazır olun. Çalışmanızın fikrine ısınmaları uzun zaman alabilir ve bir daha asla tartışmak istemeyebilirler.
Bir önceki yazımız olan Mersin Escort Hizmeti Veren Kızlar başlıklı makalemizde Mersin Escort hakkında bilgiler verilmektedir.
No views yetIf you have undergone transvaginal ultrasound to measure baby's heartbeat rate. Pls enter it to know the general trend.
Heartbeat Ranges as follows:
Starting at week 5 the fetal heart rate accelerates by 3.3 bpm per day for the next month.
The fetal heart begins to beat at approximately the same rate as the mother's, which is typically 80 to 85 bpm. The approximate fetal heart rate for weeks 5 to 9 (assuming a starting rate of 80):
- Week 5 starts at 80 and ends at 103 bpm
- Week 6 starts at 103 and ends at 126 bpm
- Week 7 starts at 126 and ends at 149 bpm
- Week 8 starts at 149 and ends at 172 bpm
- At week 9 the fetal heartbeat tends to beat within a range of 155 to 195 bpm.
At this point, the fetal heart rate begins to decrease, and generally falls within the range of 120 to 160 bpm by week 12.Texas is experiencing unheard-of back-to-back blizzards and below-zero temperatures. This may be one of many examples of extreme weather events due to global warming. Increasing frequency and severity of hurricanes and wildfires, craters forming in Russia’s Tundra, and melting polar ice are some other possible examples.
Texas is not well-prepared for blizzards. Items such as Snowplows and snow tires are in short supply. The low temperatures are overtaxing the power grid and causing power outages. Some people’s water pipes have burst. A few areas have orders to boil water. Many people are stuck at home with a dwindling supply of food and without heat. I am grateful that my daughters and their household have experienced only a very brief power outage.
The change of seasons is subtle in South Florida. Times given vary, but are approximate for where I live.
In Florida, most trees and plants are green all year, but some are deciduous. Red Maples and Virginia creeper are among Florida’s deciduous plants. Their leaves turn red in late December and fall around New Year’s.
Poinsettias are native to Mexico and grow well in South Florida. They typically bloom in December, and their red bracts stay on the plants for several months. Pink and white are other popular poinsettia colors.
As is true in many places, winter sunrises and sunsets tend to be especially vivid.
Male cardinals get their bright mating plumage in mid-January, and the woods, which have been silent for a while, are alive with bird songs. Spring and baby birds will not be far behind.
Hurricane Laura made landfall in Louisiana, US, on 8/27/20, reportedly the strongest hurricane ever recorded there. After causing widespread destruction, and six reported deaths, it was downgraded to a tropical storm and is currently headed north along the Atlantic coast.Coconut oil has been getting a lot of well-deserved attention lately and for good reason. It’s linked to numerous health benefits, including weight loss. It is an intricate part of the popular KETO diets that are all the fad. There have also been claims that it can clean and whiten your teeth while also helping to prevent tooth decay. This article will examine the latest research on coconut oil and its effects on your dental health. We are going to explain exactly why coconut oil is great for your dental health.
What is Coconut Oil
Coconut oil is an edible oil extracted from coconut meat and is one of the world’s richest sources of saturated fat. Coconut fat is unique because it is made almost entirely of medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs). MCTs are metabolized differently than the long-chain fatty acids found in most other foods. They have many potential health benefits.
Lauric acid is a medium-chain fatty acid that makes up almost 50% of coconut oil. In fact, coconut oil is the richest source of lauric acid known to man.
Now, your body breaks lauric acid down into an important compound called monolaurin. Both lauric acid and monolaurin have the ability to kill harmful bacteria, fungi, and viruses in the body.
According to research, lauric acid is more effective at killing these pathogens than any other saturated fatty acid. Studies also suggest that many of the health benefits associated with coconut oil are directly linked to the lauric acid.
So how is this magical oil used for one’s teeth? The most popular way to use coconut oil for your teeth is using it in a process called “oil pulling” which will be explained later.
Lauric Acid Kills Harmful Mouth Bacteria
One recent study tested thirty different fatty acids and compared their ability to fight bacteria. Of all the fatty acids, lauric acid was the most effective. Lauric acid attacks harmful bacteria in the mouth that can cause bad breath, tooth decay and gum disease. It is particularly effective at killing an oral bacteria called Streptococcus mutans, which is a leading cause of tooth decay.
Coconut Oil Reduces Plaque & Fights Gum Disease
Gum disease, also known as gingivitis, involves the inflammation of the gums. The main cause of gum disease is the buildup of dental plaque due to harmful bacteria in the mouth. We are now discovering through current research that coconut oil can decrease plaque buildup on your teeth and fight gum disease.
In one study, “oil pulling” with coconut oil significantly decreased plaque buildup and signs of gingivitis in sixty participants with plaque-induced gum disease. Moreso, a significant decrease in plaque was noticed after just seven days of oil-pulling, and the plaque continued to decrease over the thirty-day study.
After the thirty days, average plaque scores decreased, and the average gingivitis scores decreased as well. Both turned in major decreases in both plaque and gum inflammation.
It Prevents Tooth Decay & Loss
Coconut oil attacks Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus. These are the two groups of bacteria primarily responsible for tooth decay. Several studies suggest that coconut oil can reduce these bacteria as effectively as chlorhexidine, which is the active ingredient used in many mouth rinses. For these reasons alone, coconut oil can help prevent tooth decay and loss.
How to Oil Pull With Coconut Oil
“Oil pulling” is a growing trend, but it’s not a new concept. The practice of oil pulling started in India thousands of years ago. It is the act of swishing coconut oil in your mouth for fifteen to twenty minutes and then spitting it out. Basically, like using oil as a mouthwash.
Here’s What to Do:
- Put a tablespoon of coconut oil in your mouth.
- Swish the oil around for 15–20 minutes, pushing and pulling it between teeth.
- Spit out the oil (into the trash or toilet,
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no friend of Wilson’s nationalist position, writes: “Wilson was almost unique among the Framers in reasoning from a systematic philosophical position, resting on a general metaphysic, in recommending that particular provisions be included in the proposed . . . Constitution.” Bradford describes Wilson as a “Metaphysical progressive” and “a philosophe of democracy.” A Worthy Company(Marlborough, New Hampshire: Plymouth Rock Foundation, 1982), 84.
4. John Roche, “The Founding Fathers: A Reform Caucus in Action,” 56 American Political Science Review(March, 1962). According to Roche, the Framers were “an extremely talented” collection of “democratic politicians” whose final product was not “a triumph of architectonic genius” but instead “a patchwork sewn together under the pressure of both time and events” (814).
5. Some of these lectures, thirty-five in all and in various stages of completion, were delivered at the College of Philadelphia (now the University of Pennsylvania) in the winter of 1790-91. Business and his duties on the Supreme Court kept him from continuing with the lectures at the college during the subsequent winter and from putting some of them into final form. However, they do comprise the bulk of Wilson’s written work that we possess. The lectures range in subject matter and scope. Several deal with the nature and types of crime; others with the “constituent parts of the courts” such as judges, juries, attorneys, their functions and duties; and still others deal with broader matters of political theory such as the nature of society, the natural law, and the characteristics of good government. Obviously, the lectures in this latter category are the most relevant to this undertaking.
6. There is ample justification for this retrospective approach. In the first place, Wilson was a consistent theorist; that is, at a relatively early age he had already formulated the assumptions from which he was to reason in the political sphere. This is evident from his writings and utterances prior to the Constitutional Convention and, afterwards, in his role as the chief architect of the Pennsylvania Constitution of 1790. Moreover, there is nothing in his law lectures which would contravene the positions he took at Philadelphia. On the contrary, what we find at many places is a full and complete explanation of why he adopted the position he did. To be sure, he does not put the matter precisely this way. Yet, frequently we find him repeating arguments he had presented in the Convention in more elaborate form and even presenting new arguments which could be used to support the position he took on key issues.
7. The leading biography of Wilson is Charles Page Smith’s James Wilson: Founding Father, 1742-1798 (Chapel Hill, N.C.: University of North Carolina Press, 1956). Seed’s James Wilson is a useful account of his political thought and activity during his mature years.
8. In this connection, Wilson looked upon common law as “one of the noblest births of time . . . the wisest of laws” because it was the product of collective reason over time (I, 334). It embodied “human reason” understood “as the knowledge, and experience, and information of many [men], arising from lights mutually and successively communicated and improved” (I,358).
9. It seems clear that Wilson’s thought, in important particulars, parallels that of the “judicious and excellent” Hooker (I, 123).
10. On this point, we cannot help but perceive a significant difference between Wilson and Madison concerning the benefits to be derived from an extended republic such as that envisioned under the proposed Constitution. Madison looked upon its chief advantage as controlling the effects of majority factions. Wilson, however, as we see from these passages, looked upon an extended society as benefitting its members in a variety of ways.
11. Wilson is not very precise about the nature of the evolution from natural society to civil society with a fully developed government. We can say that civil society with government commences when the people have consciously consented to form a government for purposes to which they also consent. The natural society ceases when a people, recognizing common purposes and interests, consent to become one. But the character of the in-between stage, i.e., civil society, is not described by Wilson in any detail.
12. Regarding this relationship Wilson wrote: “On the Constitution will depend the beneficence, the wisdom, and the energy, the folly, and the weakness of government and laws. On the good or bad qualities of government and laws, will depend the prosperity or decline of the state. On the same good or bad qualities will depend, on the other hand, the excellence and happiness, or on the other, the depravity and infelicity of the citizens” (I, 306). For an extended treatment of this relationship see: Ralph A. Rossum, “Civic Virtue and Republican Government: The Importance of Character in the Political Thought of James Wilson,” a paper prepared for delivery at the Claremont Institute’s Bicentennial Conference. Claremont McKenna College, February 20-22, 1986.
13. In this regard it should be remarked that when the occasion presented itself Wilson never failed to fault Blackstone’s definition of the law as “dangerous and unsound.” Law, according to Blackstone, was a “rule of action prescribed by some superior, and which the inferior is bound to obey.” But Wilson’s conception of equality simply ruled out the possibility of “superiors” and “inferiors.” For him, the law rested upon popular consent given by equals (I, 103).
14. In the last paragraph Wilson writes: “The connexion and harmony between Great Britain and us, which it is her interest and ours mutually to cultivate, and on which her prosperity, as well as ours, so materially depends, will be better preserved by the operation of the legal prerogatives of the crown, than by the exertion of the unlimited authority by parliament” (II, 745). In setting forth this relationship, Wilson established what was to become in the nineteenth century the framework for the British Commonwealth.
15. To this point he writes: The opinion has been very general; that, in order to obtain the blessings of good government, a sacrifice must be made of a part of our natural liberty. I am inclined to believe, that, upon examination, this opinion will prove to be fallacious: It will, I think, be found, that wise and good government instead of contracting, enlarges as well as secures the exercise of the natural liberty of man: and what I say of his natural liberty, I mean to extend … to all his other natural rights” (II 586-87).
16. Without the right to emigrate freely, Wilson pointed out, “residence” cannot be taken as “reasonable evidence of . . .”consent to the formation, the constitution, the government, or the laws of the state (I, 246).
17. The strength of his conviction and language are no doubt due to the Pennsylvania experience with plural executives under the Constitution of 1776.
18. Interesting in this connection is Wilson’s argument advanced in 1785 that Congress under the Articles possessed inherent powers. “The act of independence was made before the articles of confederation. This act declares, that ‘these United colonies,’ (not enumerating them separately) are free and independent states, they have full power to do all acts and things independent states may, of right, do.
“The Confederation was not intended to weaken or abridge the power and rights, to which the United States were previously entitled. It was not intended to transfer any of those powers or rights to the particular states, or any of them. If, therefore, the power now in question [to incorporate a national bank] was vested in the United States before the confederation; it continues vested in them still. The confederation clothed the United States with many though, perhaps, not with sufficient powers; but none did it disrobe them” (II 829-30).
19. This view, of course, stood in sharp contrast to those who viewed the nation in terms of a confederation of sovereign states. Indeed, there were those who shared Sherman’s view, diametrically opposed to Wilson’s, that the states actually did constitute societies. At least so much seems clear from the context of Sherman’s remark on 20 June: “Each State like an individual had its peculiar habit, usages and manner, which constituted its happiness. It would not therefore give to others a power over this happiness, any more than an individual would do, when he could avoid it.”
20. It is interesting to note that Doctor Johnson, on 29 June at the height of the controversy between the small and large states over the composition of the upper chamber, pictured their basic difference as stemming from different conceptions of the nature of the political union. “The controversy must be endless whilst Gentlemen differ in the grounds of their argument; Those on one side considering the States as districts of people composing one political Society; those on the other considering them as so many political societies.”
21. Davie puts the issue bluntly on 30 June. He believes the “Report of the Committee allowing the Legislature to choose the Senate, and establishing proportional representation in it … to be impracticable.” He puts the minimum number this would require at ninety. Moreover, in commenting on “appointment of the Senate by electors chosen by the people,” he raises the same objections as Madison; namely, “the larger Counties or districts thrown into a general district, would certainly prevail over the small Counties or districts, and merit in the latter would be excluded altogether.”
22. In this connection, it should be noted that on 2 July Wilson speaks against committing the issue of representation in the Senate to a committee as proposed because, he argued, “it [the committee] would decide according to that very rule of voting which was opposed on one side.”
23. Wilson adamantly opposed (14 August) a provision which would have made members of the national legislature ineligible for national offices on grounds that this would violate the principles of good government. “To render its [national legislative] members ineligible to National offices” would, he argued, “take away its powers of attracting those talents which were necessary to give weight to the government and to render it useful to the people. He was far from thinking the ambition which aspired to Offices of dignity and trust, an ignoble or culpable one. He was sure it was not politic to regard it in that light, or withhold from it the prospect of those rewards, which might engage in the career of public service.”
24. His remarks on 9 June are interesting in this respect. Here he maintains that “a new partition of the States is desireable.” We can view this remark in light of his concern to base Senate representation on the principle of proportionality. But we can also infer that he would like to redraw state boundaries to secure better administration. And the question arises, in what sense did Wilson think of the states as being indispensible to union? It does seem clear that he thought they would have to play a role in administration because of the extensiveness of the republic. Thus, for instance, his response on 19 June to Hamilton’s Plan: “They [the states] were absolutely necessary for certain purposes which the former [national government] could not reach. All large Governments must be subdivided into lesser jurisdictions.”
25. Hamilton is to correct this impression immediately after Wilson s comments and in so doing blurs whatever differences there might have been between them on the role of the states. Hamilton contended that “he had not been understood [correctly] yesterday. By an abolition of the States, he meant that no boundary could be drawn between the National and State Legislatures; that the former must therefore have indefinite authority. If it were limited at all, the rivalship of the States would gradually subvert it.”
26. This analogy, of course, can be viewed as weakening his “one society” position because it places the states in the position of contracting parties to the Constitution. However, the point he seems intent on making through the use of this analogy is that it would be impossible to draw, a priori at least, clear lines of jurisdiction between the contemplated national government and the states. Moreover, the analogy would seem to be appropriate for the conditions which he perceives under the Articles – principally the conflict and dissension between the states – which are to be alleviated through the proposed Constitution.
27. Thus, to secure the representation of state interest did not, to Wilson’s way of thinking, require state equality in the upper chamber. Nor, indeed, was it necessary to make states constituent parts of the national government for this purpose. However, once state equality was granted, then, from Wilson’s point of view, the states surely would have no basis to question the propriety of national legislation.
28. Wilson, we should take care to recall, did not look upon the separation of powers as a means or device for curbing or controlling popular majorities. He looked upon separation as a means of controlling the rulers from abusing or oppressing the ruled. Thus, his advocacy of the separation of powers did not conflict with his democratic principles.
Wilson also believed that good government could be secured through a separation of powers. Consequently, he could look upon the double representation of the people in a second chamber, not only as a way to curb the members of the lower chamber from betraying their trust, but also as a means of refining the laws passed by the lower chamber.
29. Wilson never did regard the provision of the Connecticut Compromise which provided that “all bills for raising or appropriating money” should originate in the House to be any concession at all to the interests of the larger states. On 6 July, for instance, he comments that “if both branches are to say yes or no, it was of little consequence which should say yes or no first, which last.” Indeed, he did not believe it would serve the purpose of good government: “if either [chamber] was indiscriminately to have the right of originating, the reverse of the Report, would he thought be most proper; since it was a maxim that the least numerous body was fittest for deliberation; the most numerous for decision.”
30. Luther Martin, among others, is to make this point on 28 June by turning the argument of Wilson and Madison around. Martin reasoned, “if the large States have the same interest with the smaller as was urged, there could be no danger in giving them an equal vote; they would not injure themselves, and they could not injure the large ones on the supposition without injuring themselves.” And on 30 June, Ellsworth argues that “no salutary measure has been lost [under the Articles] for want of a majority of the States, to favor it.”
31. John B. McMaster and Fredrick D. Stone, Pennsylvania and the Federal Constitution, 1787-88(Lancaster, Pennsylvania: The Historical Society of Pennsylvania, 1888), 316.
32. Ibid., 383.
33. So much, at least, seems clear from his 24 November speech to the Pennsylvania ratifying convention. “After all, it will be necessary that, on a subject so peculiarly delicate as this [the respective sphere of state and national authority], much prudence, much candor, much moderation, and much liberality, should be exercised and displayed both by the federal government and by the governments of the several states. It is to be hoped that those virtues in government will be exercised and displayed, when we consider that the powers of the federal government and those of the state government are drawn from sources equally pure. If a difference can be discovered between them, it is in favor of the federal government, because that government is founded on a representation of the whole Union; whereas the government of any particular state is founded only on the representation of a part, inconsiderable when compared with the whole. Is it not more reasonable to suppose that the counsels of the whole will embrace the interest of every part, than that the counsels of any part will embrace the interests of the whole?” Jonathan Elliot, Debates on the Adoption of the Federal Constitution, 5 vols. (Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott Co., 1836-45); II, 425.
34. McMaster and Stone, 149.Keratoconus associated with limbal vernal keratoconjunctivitis in African patients
A study conducted, by Prof Guy Ben Simon, at the St John Eye Unit of Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital in Soweto, South Africa, investigated the prevalence of keratoconus among African patients and its associated conditions. The study revealed that a majority of the patients were young males, and severe cases were predominant. Limbal vernal keratoconjunctivitis was commonly linked to keratoconus, particularly in patients under the age of 20, and eye rubbing was significantly associated with this condition. Although corneal hydrops and vascularization were found to be more common in patients with vernal, the link wasn’t statistically significant. The study suggests that careful management of vernal keratoconjunctivitis and diligent visual rehabilitation could potentially improve the visual prognosis for young adults affected by these conditions. These findings shed light on the complex interplay between keratoconus and related factors, calling for further research and targeted treatment strategies.As you probably are aware, the IELTS exam ranks your level of English mastery in four areas – Listening, Reading, Writing and Speaking. You are given a band score for each part of the test and the average of these produces your overall IELTS band score. The scores range from 1 to 9 and can include whole and half bands (e.g. 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5). It should be added that if the average across the four skills ends in .25, it is rounded up to the next half band, and if it ends in .75, it is rounded up to the next whole band. Thus, a candidate achieving 6.5 for IELTS General Reading score, 6.5 for Listening, 5.0 for General Writing, and 7.0 for Speaking would be awarded an overall band score of 6.5 (25 ÷ 4 = 6.25 = Band 6.5).
That’s all well and good to know, but how do you estimate what band YOU are currently at?
1. Calculate Your IELTS (Academic or General) Reading and Listening Score
It is relatively easy to calculate your band score in the Listening and Reading modules. In each of these sections you have to answer 40 questions each. Take one of these recommended free practice tests, and once you know the number of answers you got correct, use the chart below to estimate your band score for each module. (Note: The weighting varies slightly between the Listening and Reading modules and the Academic and Generic tests, so use this as a rough guide only.)
2. Self Assess Your Writing and Speaking Score
Your writing and speaking will be assessed by an examiner based on how competent you are in a variety of skills. To estimate your band score in these two modules, check your current level of performance against the relevant assessment checklist below, which are based on how the IELTS is marked. Circle the number 1-9 (where 9 is the highest). Be realistic
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Churchill County was named for Fort Churchill, now in Lyon County. The Fort is named in honor of General Sylvester Churchill. He was promoted Brevet Brigadier-General, 23 February, 1847, in recognition of his services at the battle of Buena Vista, Mexico.
Bucklands was the first county seat of Churchill County but it too is located in what is now Lyon County. Bucklands or Bucklands Station served travelers and the soldiers from Fort Churchill. Sam Buckland ran his trading post and tavern there. The county was officially organized in 1864 and La Plata was established as its county seat; then came Stillwater in 1868, and finally Fallon in 1903, its current county seat.
Churchill County is the home of Naval Air Station Fallon. The 2004 population estimates are 24,355 for the county.
Table of Contents
Post & View Queries (Ancestry.com)
Churchill County Mailing List (RootsWeb.com)
U.S. Federal Censuses, Nevada (US-Census.org)
Thompson & West, History of Nevada, 1881 (Excerpts)
History of Churchill County, 1881 (Posted: 17 Nov 2006)
Patrons Directory, Churchill County. 1881 (Posted: 6 Oct 2005)
Histories, Maps, Photographs, &c.
History of FALLON and Churchill County
Nevada County Formation Maps (Posted: 8 Nov 2005)
Maps (Posted: 7 Oct 2005)
Churchill County Photographs (Posted: Oct 10 2005)
Post Offices (Posted: 30 Oct 2005)
Forty Mile Desert (OCTA-Trails.org)
Earthquake History of Nevada (USGS)
Unmarked Emigrant Grave, Forty Mile Desert, Churchill County
Phototograph by Greg MacGregor, Professor of Art, CSUEB
Photograph Courtesy, Churchill County Museum & Archives
Churchill County (Fallon) Cemetery, Introduction
Quick Links to Tombstone Projects Churchill Countys Individual Cemetery Pages
Dedication ~ SSgt Billy D. Hill, US Army, MIA
Naval Air Station, Fallon (Wikipedia)
Naval Air Station, Fallon (Official Website)
NVGenWeb Project Information
Volunteer for a U.S. County!
Nevada Counties Selection List
Churchill County Nevada (Official Website)
City of Fallon (Official Website)
Churchill County Museum & Archives (at ccmuseum.org)
Trails to Utah and the Pacific: Diaries & Letters, 1846-1869 (at your Library of Congress)London School of Economics ve Harvard Medical School uzmanları ayrıca, gelecekte ilaçlardan ziyade daha fazla hareketin reçete olarak sunulacağını kaydetti.
Spor yapmanın faydaları araştırmalar sonucu bariz belli olsa da, bu yöntemin şimdiye kadar ilaçla karşılaştırılmadığı uzmanlar tarafından doğrulandı.
Uzmanlar, ilaçların sadece belirli bir etki yaptığını ve bedensel hareketlerin hastalara ne denli fayda edeceğinin doktorlar tarafından sıkça anlatılması gerektiğini tavsiye etti.
Uzmanlar önceden yaptıkları 339 bin insan üzerindeki verileri değerlendirerek bu sonuca vardı.Soru -1- Güner ailesi bir günde yarım kilogram süt tüketmektedir. Güner ailesi bir litre sütü 2 liradan almaktadır. Güner ailesi, süt için 30 lira harcadığına göre, kaç gün süt tüketmiştir?
Soru -2- Bir aile beş günde 19 litre su tüketiyor. Bu aile bir ayda kaç litre su tüketir? (1 ay= 30 gündür)
Soru -3- Beş bardak su bir litre olduğuna göre, beş litrelik su bidonunda ki su kaç bardak doldurur?
Soru- 4- Cemil 2 litresi 6 lira olan ayrandan, beş litre almıştır. Cemil ayran için kaç lire ödemiştir?
Soru -5- Nergis doğum günü kutlamasında, ilk önce 8 tane yarım litre, daha sonra ise 10 tane yarım litrelik meyve suyu almıştır. Nergis doğum günü için kaç litre meyve suyu almıştır?
Soru -6- Bir sütçü 18 litre sütün 5 litresini sattı. Geri kalan sütleri yarım litrelik şişelere koymak istiyor. Sütçüye kaç tane yarım litrelik şişe lazımdır?
Soru -7- Bakkal elinde bulunan 96 litre çiçek yağının ilk önce 1/4 ‘ini (dörtte birini) daha sonra da kalan çiçek yağının 1/3 ‘ini sattı. Bakkalda geriye kaç litre çiçek yağı kalmıştır?
Soru -8- 24 litre suyu, kaç tane yarım litrelik şişeye doldurabiliriz?
Soru -9- 36 tane yarım litrelik su şişesini bir bidona doldurmak istersek. Bize kaç litrelik bir bidon lazımdır?
Soru -10-Bir litresi 18 lira olan zeytin yağının, 5 litresi kaç lire eder?
18 Ocak 2019
ÇOCUKLARIN EĞİTİMİ çocukların eğitimi çok kolay gibi görünebilir. Fakat çocuk eğitimi çok zordur. Anne babaların ve öğretmenlerin yaptığı en büyük ha... Devamını Oku
EĞİTİMDE BAŞARI NASIL GELİR Eğitim öğretimde başarıyı artırmak için yapılması gereken bir çok yöntem ve teknik vardır. Ama en önemlisi üçlü sac ayağı... Devamını Oku
KANSERE ETKEN ÇEVRESEL KOŞULLAR Kanser günümüzün çaresi olmayan ve çok hızlı bir şekilde yayılan bir hastalık. Kanserin bir çok çeşidi vardır. Kanser... Devamını Oku
Eşeğin biri, aslan postuna bürünmüş. Kendisini aslan zanneden eşek, kükremeyi de ihmal etmiyormuş. Karşısında kimsenin duramayacağını sanıyorm... Devamını Oku
KİTAP OKUMANIN FAYDALARI Kitap dünyanın en büyük hazinesidir. Kitaplar biz insanların hayatının vazgeçilmezidir. Kitaplar hayatta bize yol gösteren ... Devamını OkuBosnia and Herzegovina in 2011Article Free Pass
The government of Bosnia and Herzegovina was deadlocked throughout 2011 as the country’s six principal political parties failed until year-end to reach an agreement on the formation of the national government in the wake of the October 2010 general election. Several attempts to form a new government foundered partly because of disputes regarding the distribution of cabinet posts among Bosnian Croats. The resultant paralysis represented the country’s longest political crisis since the end of the four-year war in 1995. In the meantime, the acting government was both unwilling and unable to institute the reforms necessary to position Bosnia for entry into the EU. On December 28 the parties ended the 15-month stalemate by agreeing to form a coalition government, with Croat Vjekoslav Bevanda at its head, that would take power in January 2012.
The lack of compromise between political parties within the country’s two entities—the Bosniak-Croat Federation and Republika Srpska (RS)—for several years had retarded progress toward European integration. International observers expressed concern that a renewal of conflict was impending, and in May the high representative in Bosnia, Valentin Inzko, reported to the UN Security Council that Bosnia was on the “brink of collapse.” He warned that the RS’s insistence on holding a referendum regarding the federation’s level of authority threatened the country’s integrity. In its annual progress report on Bosnia and Herzegovina, the European Commission noted “little progress” in reforms necessary for entry to the EU, stating that the European Council was far from reaching consideration of accepting Bosnia’s application. On the other hand, Bosniaks gained a measure of closure in May when Bosnian Serb military commander Ratko Mladic, the suspected mastermind of the Srebrenica massacre, was apprehended after a decade at large.
In an effort to avert losing €96 million ($132 million) in aid, the acting government in October agreed to implement a list of EU-stipulated steps toward reform of public administration, the judiciary, and infrastructure. More than €8 million ($11 million) was earmarked for demining and assistance to refugees of the 1992–95 war. Also in October the Bosnian parliament began procedures to amend the constitution regarding discrimination against minorities, such as Jews and Roma (Gypsies), seeking elected office.
The economy showed subdued and uneven growth. Unemployment continued to hover at about 43%, and the International Labour Organization reported an unemployment rate of 57.9% among Bosnia’s youths 15–24 years of age. Observers iterated concerns regarding the lack of administrative and legal procedures aimed at confronting widespread corruption and inflammatory nationalist rhetoric. During the first nine months of 2011, industrial production grew significantly in the RS but only slightly in the Federation, by 6.8% and 1.8%, respectively. Overall, the economy was projected to grow nearly 2.8%, and Bosnia’s central bank expected the economy to show further improvement in 2012.
The Royal Dutch/Shell Group and the federation agreed upon a two-year research project on fossil-fuel exploration. The RS signed similar agreements with Russia’s state-owned Zarubezhneft and Serbia’s NIS (majority-owned by Russia’s Gazprom). Geologists estimated potential oil reserves in Bosnia, Serbia, and Croatia at about 70 million bbl apiece.
Do you know anything more about this topic that you’d like to share?1.1 Why Do We Race Sailboats?
1.2 The Racing Pyramid
1.3 Boat Speed and Boat Handling
1.4 Performance Analysis
1.1 Why Do We Race Sailboats?
Sailboat racing requires a broad mix of skills: We need sailing and boat handling skills; an understanding of wind and weather; and knowledge of tactics, strategy, and rules. We also need specialized sail trimming technique; organizational skills to manage crew; and analytical skills to grapple with information. We need to be able to set goals and establish priorities, concentrate amidst chaos, ignore discomfort, and learn from our mistakes.
None of us can master all the skills. Part of the enduring appeal of racing is the breadth of the challenge it presents. Not only can we never master all the skills; we are challenged in new ways every race, for no two races present the same mix of challenges.
Sailing's appeal goes beyond these challenges. We enjoy racing for the chance to be out on the water, for the thrill of working with the wind, for the challenge of competition, and for the camaraderie it brings.
1.2 The Pyramid
The building blocks of successful racing can be diagrammed in a hierarchical pyramid. Tactics lie at the top of the racing pyramid. Beneath tactics lie Boat Speed and Boat Handling. In order to race successfully you must work your way up the pyramid. To win races your boat handling must be second nature, and you boat speed second to none.
Fig. 1 - The Racing Pyramid
Boat Handling and Boat Speed form the base of our racing pyramid. You will win races when your Boat Handling is second nature, and your Boat Speed second to none.
Boat speed and boat handling are distinguished from tactics in several ways. For one, boat speed and boat handling are entirely within your control, while tactics involves factors of wind, current, and competitors which are decidedly beyond our control. Boat speed and boat handling, like a strong defense in basketball, will make you competitive everyday. Tactics, like a hot shooting touch, is great when you've got it - but is not something you can count on day in and day out.
Boat speed and boat handling are distinguished from tactics in another way: Tactically there are opportunities for enormous gains and losses, particularly in shifty wind conditions. The gains and losses from boat speed and boat handling accrue much more subtly. Sure, you can lose plenty if you drop your spinnaker in the water and wrap it around your keel, but more commonly the gains are a few feet here, a boat length there. But they add up, and they are the margin of victory.
1.3 Boat Speed and Boat Handling
In this book we will explore boat handling and boat speed. If you believe you need help with tactics you may be in for a surprise. When your boat handling is second nature, and your boat speed second to none, you may suddenly find you are a tactical wizard. If you'd still like to know more about tactics refer to the companion volume, Performance Racing Tactics.
Good boat handling is a prerequisite to successful racing. You must sail well before you can race well. Fundamental to good boat handling is good, regular crew. We'll explore how to find, organize, and train crew. We'll also look into specific techniques for boat handling upwind and down, including spinnaker work for conventional and asymmetrical spinnakers.
Good boat speed is also essential to successful racing. We will look at trim theory, and study each sail individually, and then as an integrated piece of the performance puzzle.
As we study sail trim and boat speed issues more closely we will see that the difference between fast and slow is just 1%to 2%. We'll find that the cumulative impact of every nuance of trim adds up to the difference between winning and losing.
1.4 Performance Analysis
So, how are your skills? The Performance Analysis presented here is intended to help you look at your own racing skills and focus on areas of strength and weakness.
The hidden foundation of the pyramid is preparation. Your boat and equipment must be in competitive condition. Yes, every little bit does matter. The difference between winning and mid-fleet is the sum of many little things.
Boat: Hull condition, keel and rudder shape.
Weight distribution below decks.
Equip: Rigging, hardware condition and suitability.
Instrumentation - working, calibrated, integrated?
Sails: Is your inventory complete, and in excellent condition?
You should think not only about your own skills but the overall skills on the boat you race. If you are a tactical king you need to team up with a boat speed druid and a boat handling wizard. Of course, if you race single handed you'll need to be all these things!
2.2 Crew Organization Principles
2.4 Finding & Training Crew
2.5 Don't Kill the Messenger
2.6 Can We Talk?
Crew are made through careful training in practice sessions, not with animated gestures in the heat of battle.
Find another boat to practice with to add competitive fervor.
If you want to drive the boat, trim the sails, watch the instruments, read the compass, track the fleet, and call tactics, then you should race single-handed. A skipper who fails to make good use of his crew through careful division of responsibilities is handicapping himself, and will not succeed against well balanced teams.
This chapter will explore Crew Organization and Boat Handling. We'll start by defining broad areas of responsibility on a boat. We also will explore a set of principles to help guide you and your team, and then explore specific training methods. Finally, we will delve into the mystery of where to find good crew.We assume here that your boat is properly laid out and equipped. In fact, the equipping and preparation of your boat is the hidden foundation of your racing pyramid.
2.2 Crew Organization Principles
Crew assignments should be based on the number, skill, experience and interest of your crew. Each crew position should have clearly defined responsibilities during each maneuver. The maneuvers should be executed the same way each time.
Your crew must be organized so each block of the pyramid gets the attention required. A crew boss is needed to orchestrate boat handling. Sail trimmers and a driver are needed to focus on boat speed, and a tactician is needed to manage the course. As soon as you have more than one person on the boat it is time to divide up the chores. On championship two person boats the driver drives and the crew does tactics. As the crew number increases the responsibilities should be further divided. On a three person crew the forward crew and driver focus on trim, while the middle crew handles tactics.
Boat Handling Principles
As you train and organize your crew it will help to have general principles to guide you: Fig. 1.Several principles should guide you in crew organizations:
First, for each maneuver the crew should be divided into two teams - one to sail fast with the sails you've got, the other to get sails up and down....
Second, each boat handling evolution - tacks, jibs, sail changes - should be broken down into step by step procedures. Each crew member should have specific responsibilities during each maneuver.
At a spinnaker set, for example, the driver and trimmers should sail fast with the main and jib, while other crew manage the hoist.
Divide and Conquer
Perhaps the most powerful principle is Divide and Conquer. During each boat handling evolution divide the crew into two teams: One team should sail the boat with what you've got while the other team takes care of the evolution. No one should serve on both teams.
Define crew positions.
Each crew position has a specific responsibility during each evolution or maneuver. You need to figure out the correct number of crew, define each position, and then sail with a full complement of crew each time you race. Once positions are defined then you can plug new people into a specific position with clearly defined responsibilities. It helps to write out and diagram your standard maneuvers. This will help during routine evolutions, and during the inevitable ad-lib.
Create crew pairs
A second guideline which is particularly useful as you bring aboard new crew is crew pairs. Ideally, you would have the same people in the same position for every race [yea, right - if pigs could fly]. Since you can't expect to have all the same people all the time, you want to have a nucleus you can count on. New (or less experienced) crew should be paired with a regular crew member. For example, a new mast crew can be paired with an experienced foredeck, an experienced trimmer can watch over a new grinder or trimmer.
Do your job
One final principle is Do Your Job. If one person is having trouble completing a task that can create a problem. When the next person tries to help out, and leaves part of his job undone, the problem grows. Pretty soon the entire crew is one half position out of place - each trying to help another - and you have a huge mess.
The key to developing good crew work is practice. It is simply impossible to train crew during a race. There is not enough time teach and learn, and there is too much to do. You must practice to win. It is that simple.
As you
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。在墨西哥，同样际遇的市长不。在少数。墨西哥畴昔10年，有近百位市长惨遭诛戮，墨西哥市长成为世界上最危急的劳动。刘邦也无所谓，整天除了和一大帮酒肉朋友喝酒吹牛，基本。。上不干什么正事儿。。在和三教九流各色人物打交道的过程中，他混成了一个人精。。这种流氓习气固然使刘邦懒散，但也养成了他不拘小节、讲义气的性格。
网络配图 在中国古代，宰相一直辅佐这皇帝处。理朝中大事。。但是，到了朱元璋当皇帝时，由于朱元璋疑心。太重，害怕高官夺权谋反，便下令废除宰相。后来，明朝设立。“内阁”，成员为“殿阁大学士”，由皇帝钦定，处理军国大事。国外网1月2日电墨西哥瓦哈卡州总检察院公告申明暴露，该。州特。拉。希亚科市市长阿帕里西奥在赴任1小时后，于前去市政府的路上遭到枪杀。进犯中再有4人受伤，此中别名嫌犯已被。捕。与前。任差异，洛佩斯终结上千人的领袖安保团。队，精简为一个不指导。兵器的。小团队。他声称筹划卖掉领袖专机。我认罪还来不及啊，实在不敢说什么。”孙权听后很伤感，。说：“我特地看在您的。。面子上赦免。他。” 虞翻因为狂放直率而被流放，只有诸葛瑾多次替他说情。美国副领袖迈克·彭斯和领袖唐纳德·特朗。普的女儿伊万卡1日参预接事典礼。。谈及与美国的。干系，洛佩斯说：“。从7月1日膺选那天起，领袖唐纳德·特朗普就与我恭敬相待。”
。网络配图被迷晕头脑的皇帝们就信了，开始服他们的药。，但结果呢?这些药都是副作用的，相当于慢性毒药，皇帝们的身体也就一天天的垮下去了，就算原本身强体壮的皇帝们都变的病殃殃的，整日无精打采的。最后，想成仙想成佛。只是南柯一梦，梦醒时，他们已是无可奈何花落去了。 总之，我国500多名帝王中，。能从这三关中跳出来存活下来的确实不多，能长寿当然也就是一种奢求了，早死也是必然的结果。他所住的草屋。东南角篱笆边有一颗高五丈的桑树，遥望像个车盖，往来的人都奇怪此树非凡的姿态，有的就说此地当出贵人。刘备小时候与其他的小孩子在树下游戏。时说：“我将来必定乘这样的羽葆盖车。”羽葆盖车是皇帝才可以乘坐的，叔父刘。子敬告诫刘备说：“你这样胡说难。道要灭我们全家么?!”刘备不喜欢读书，只爱好狗马、音乐、华丽的衣服。
现在，瓦哈。。卡州州长穆。拉特已证实。此事，并答应会睁开殷这份汇报。说，墨。西哥。少少州穷困率在寰。宇处于最高水平，暴力犯罪水平同样最高。网络配图 皇太极与康熙各有千秋。康熙那是公认的圣君，而皇太极的。文治武功更多的是努尔哈赤的积累和多尔衮的功劳。但不可否认皇太极才智与野心兼备，打下了清朝的疆土!“所谓。打江山。容。易守江山难”。洛佩斯回绝入住领袖官邸，筹划把领袖办公室。搬回曾经是当局所在地的。国。度宫，以俭约支付。现有领袖官邸位于洛斯。皮诺斯，上世纪30年月始建，富丽堂皇。遵循新领袖的遐想，领袖府将用于民众勾当，定于每周六向民众敞开。Domenica di Pasqua con Lady Diamond a Parrots 2018
Il non così tradizionale spettacolo della domenica di Pasqua al Parrots Pub con Lady Diamond.
Il non così tradizionale spettacolo della domenica di Pasqua al Parrots Pub con Lady Diamond.
Celebrando l'apertura del nuovo ES Collection Sitges Store - La sfilata di moda di Pasqua a Parrots.
Un nuovo spettacolo per il venerdì a Sitges durante la stagione: il primo venerdì santo, il fine settimana di Pasqua al Parrots.
Lady Diamond torna a Sitges per la serata di apertura della primavera durante la Pasqua al Parrots Restaurant.
Lady Diamond ospita l'annuale caccia alle uova di Pasqua e molto altro al Parrots Pub, Sitges con premi e molto altro!
Ogni Pasqua segna l'inizio della stagione primaverile a Sitges con uno spettacolo speciale al Parrots Pub.
Il primo spettacolo della stagione di Lady Diamond è lo spettacolo di Pasqua con un ottimo menu e nuove canzoni!
L'inizio della stagione primaverile con Lady Diamond durante le celebrazioni pasquali a Sitges.
Arriva la primavera a Sitges con l'arrivo della Pasqua e tutti i bar e le discoteche riaprono per la stagione!
La primavera è arrivata a Sitges con l'arrivo della Pasqua e di ospiti famosi al Parrots Pub!
La Fiesta Mayor è la celebrazione più importante di Sitges e l'edizione 2021 torna con un programma rivisto di eventi e feste.
Sebbene l'edizione di maggio sia tecnicamente "cancellata", molti visitatori stanno ancora programmando di visitare Sitges quando sarà sicuro.
2,574,000 + hotel, case, appartamenti e altri luoghi unici in cui soggiornare ...ثبت ٧ اثر تاریخی مازندران در فهرست آثار ملی ایران
اقتصادنیوز: مدیرکل میراث فرهنگی، گردشگری و صنایع دستی مازندران از ثبت ٧ اثر تاریخی استان در نخستین همایش ملی ثبت میراث صنعتی کشور خبر داد.
به گزارش اقتصادنیوز به نقل از فارس، سیفالله فرزانه با اشاره به برگزاری نخستین همایش ملی ثبت میراث صنعتی کشور در ماهشهر، گفت: در این همایش ٧ اثر تاریخی استان مازندران در فهرست آثار ملی ایران به ثبت رسید.وی افزود: راه ناصری در جاده چالوس مربوط به دوره قاجار، پل جاده شاه عباسی مربوط به دوره صفوی در شهرستان گلوگاه، در این همایش به ثبت رسیده است.
مدیرکل میراث فرهنگی،صنایع دستی و گردشگری مازندران تصریح کرد: پل لار در پلور، پل فلزی چالوس، کارخانه نساجی قائمشهر، کارخانه پنبه پاک کنی بابل و تونل راهآهن در محور گدوک مربوط به دوران پهلوی اول، در نخستین همایش ملی ثبت میراث صنعتی کشور در فهرست آثار ملی ایران قرار گرفت.
همایش ملی ثبت میراث صنعتی کشور ۱۶ تا ١٨ آذرماه در بندر ماهشهر در حال برگزاری است.`okurken görünüm` gibi bir görünüm olabilir. Zorro okuma Kitabı ve bazı insanlar gözler zarar verebilecek bilgisayar ve başka bir şey kullanırken yan etkisini azaltmak için gözlük kullanmak gibi. Yani, düşmana karşı askeri bir avantaj teşkil edeceği her şeyin sınırlı olduğunu belirtti. Sadece bir anekdot; kediler hiç kimse ona ulaşmak onun içinde yürür, ne zaman ayağa dokunmak karşı koyamaz. Ön pençeleri ile ayak bileği her iki tarafına çift dokunun bir çeşit, eşzamanlı bir dokunuş yapar, ve tamamen geri pençeli sadece yastıkları var. Küçük bir yavru iken pençeleri ile dışarı yaptı ve şimdi onun yaptığı gibi yapmayı öğrendi nasıl hiçbir fikrim yok. Bir kaynaktan alıntı yapabilirsiniz? Bölüm numarası da yararlı olabilir. Yazının altındaki "Düzenle" bağlantısına tıklayarak yazınızı düzenleyebilirsiniz. Bu upvoted ben. Bir cevap vermek için gittin tüm çabanı takdir ediyorum. İlk öneri anlıyorum - sadece bir risk. Yani sorun, eğer yavru alma ve yavru hasta olması. @korkunç keçi hastalığı için 1 +senshin
Anda İrisviel ancak Saber asla Anda adını söyledi ve bir Anda normal arasında on yıl boyunca büyüyeceğine kabul edildi gibi Einzberns tarafından oluşturulan bir homunculus olduğunu Saber tanınan Kutsal Kase Savaş çok Anda Saber Anda İrisviel kızı olmak için çok genç olduğunu düşündüm kendini tanıttı.Contents
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publishResources
如果此参数设置为真，包资源会被发布，可以访问。
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cascade]在感言区块的内容文件设置中级联设置.Si è spento nella notte, a causa di un male incurabile, di cui soffriva da tempo, Ernesto Bronzetti, personaggio assai noto del mondo del calcio come procuratore sportivo, intermediario di mercato ed attivo soprattutto con il Milan nelle operazioni con la Spagna. Bronzetti, che avrebbe compiuto 69 anni il 13 febbraio, lascia la moglie e tre figlie. Proporio il Milan lo ha ricordato con un
comunicato nel quale sottolinea che "tutta la famiglia rossonera, commossa e addolorata, si stringe attorno alla famiglia di Ernesto Bronzetti colpita dalla sua scomparsa". Era agente Fifa dal 1994 e tra le operazioni principali da lui portate avanti come mediatore di mercato, vanno ricordate quelle che portarono al Milan tra gli altri Kakà, Rivaldo, Ronaldinho e Beckham. Lavorò anche alla trattativa per portare Carlo Ancelotti, di cui era procuratore, sulla panchina del Real Madrid e quella per portare Christian Vieri all'Atletico Madrid.谁在影响口味？
标签： 风云人物
口味实际上是人们通过味觉器官感受的第一个感觉，也就是口感，包括软硬、冷热都在其中。味道是人们通过口感对味道的的总结和描述，比如酸甜苦辣咸（古人称甘苦酸辛咸），都是对口感的一种总结。不是说人们天生就知道什么是辛酸的，在没有尝过的时候你总结不出来。
中国人多味杂，但口味的形成也有规律性。比如流域文化的影响。
没有水就没有文化的保存和传播，水系与饮食文化有着密切的关系。中国汉族大部分地区（内蒙和东北受到更多的游牧渔猎文化的影响），受三大河流的影响，不同地域形成了各自的饮食文化特点。所以可以以流域文化来总结中国口味的区分。
第一是黄河流域。黄河流域文化发源最早，可以分为三段：第一段是中上游，即陕甘宁这一带；第二段是中游文化，其实就是山西、河南这一带，也包括了河北；下游即是齐鲁文化。
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已经本网书面授权的，在使用时必须注明来源。违反上述声明的，本网将追究其相关法律责任。Edinburgh Rugby viene sconfitto a Newport 27-19 dai Dragons al termine di una bella gara decisa dal piede dell’apertura dei gallesi, Angus O’Brien, che con un piazzato a tre minuti dallo scadere toglie ai Gunners anche il punto di bonus difensivo.
I Dragons scavalcano Edinburgh in classifica, con gli scozzesi che siedono adesso al decimo posto, a nove punti dalla top-six ma con una gara in più rispetto ad Ulster che occupa il sesto posto, l’ultimo valido per la qualificazione alla prossima Champions Cup.
Nell’unica gara giocata ieri, Munster supera senza problemi il Benetton Treviso al Thomond Park (46-3) prendendosi la vetta della classifica. Settimana prossima la Red Army sarà di scena allo Scotstoun Stadium di Glasgow contro i Warriors, che non potranno permettersi altri passi falsi.Christina Rossetti was considered the ideal female poet of her time. Her poetry was devotional, moral, and spoke of frustrated affection.
Dolores Rosenblum presents a fresh reading of Rossetti’s works and places them in the context of her life. Rosenblum shows that what was ostensibly devotional, moral, and loveless, was actually what Luce Irigaray calls “mimetism,” a subtle parody and subversion of the male tradition of literature.
Only with the coming of feminist criticism can Rossetti be meaningfully re-evaluated. Rosenblum calls Rossetti’s works the “poetry of endurance,” stating that it is similar, and at times identical, to the female “sentimental” tradition in literature. Rossetti endured the constraints of the Victorian female artistic spirit by becoming a “watcher.” Within this self-accepted role, Rossetti was able to carefully and deliberately choose artistic self-protection. In her religious poetry, Rossetti transcended, by aesthetic renunciation, the alienation and immobilization forced upon her.
Rossetti’s poetry is full of paradox; it sings about silence, exposes the poet’s oblivion. From the repining Victorian poet, there emerged a “stone woman.” Rosenblum discusses this passively enduring female figure’s alienation from knowledge and power, and how the myth of self strengthened the lyric voice within her. Because she was a woman, she was denied the male use of the lyric “I.”
Rossetti’s work is unified, Rosenblum argues, because she was a deliberate poet, and by accepting the “burden of womanhood,” she played out what men only symbolized as female in their art. By her mimicry and revision of the male tradition of literature, Christina Rossetti engaged the patriarchal tradition in ways that make it usable for the female experience, and that provide a critique of male objectification of women in art.ثبت رتبه نخست برای صادرات محصولات فولادی
بر اساس آمار تجارت خارجی کشور در مدت ۹ ماهه امسال، صادرات زنجیره فولاد و محصولات فولادی با سهمی بیش از ۳۴ درصدی و رقم افزون بر ۲ میلیارد و ۳۴۲ میلیون دلار رتبه اول را به خود اختصاص داد .
بر اساس آمارهای منتشر شده، صدور زنجیره فولاد و محصولات فولادی در ۹ ماهه امسال به رقم ۶ میلیون و ۳۷۰ هزار تن رسید که در مقایسه با دوره مشابه سال گذشته با رشد ۲۳ درصدی همراه بوده است. ارزش صادرات زنجیره فولاد و محصولات فولادی مرتبط نیز در دوره این گزارش بیش از ۲ میلیارد و ۳۴۲ میلیون دلار ثبت شد که نسبت به دوره مشابه سال قبل افزایش سه درصدی را ثبت کرده است.
آمار تجارت خارجی نشان دهنده آن است که در ۹ ماهه امسال افزون بر ۴۸ میلیون و ۶۶۳ هزار تن صادرات بخش معدن و صنایع معدنی به ارزش بیش از ۶ میلیارد و ۸۵۵ میلیون دلار بود. بخش معدن و صنایع معدنی از کل صادرات این دوره از نظر وزنی ۵۵ درصد و از لحاظ ارزشی ۲۲ درصد سهم را به خود اختصاص داده است.
سنگ آهن سهم ۱۱ درصدی
بر اساس آمار منتشر شده، در ۹ ماهه امسال ۱۴ میلیون و ۳۱۳ هزار تن سنگ آهن به ارزش ۷۹۷ میلیون و ۲۳ هزار دلار صادر شده که از نظر ارزشی ۱۱ درصد ارزش صادرات بخش معدن و صنایع معدنی را در این دوره دارا بود. مجموع صادرات سنگ آهن در مدت این گزارش از لحاظ وزنی در مقایسه با دوره مشابه در سال ۹۵ درصد رشد سه درصدی داشته و از نظر ارزشی افزایش ۵۲ درصدی نسبت به ۹ ماهه ۹۵ ( منتهی به آذر) را ثبت کرد.
رشد ۱۵ درصدی صدور قطعات فولاد
صادرات محصولات پایین دستی و قطعات فولاد نیز در مدت این گزارش از نظر وزن به رقم ۵۴۴ هزار تن رسید و از لحاظ ارزشی هم به رقم ۳۸۹ میلیون و ۸۹ هزار دلار بالغ شد. میزان صادرات محصولات پایین دستی و قطعات فولاد در مدت این گزارش از نظر وزنی در مقایسه با دوره مشابه سال گذشته کاهش ۱۲ درصدی را نشان می دهد و از لحاظ ارزشی در مقایسه با ۹ ماهه ۹۵ رشد ۱۵ درصدی را ثبت کرده است.
افزایش صادرات ۳۶۴ درصدی آهن اسفنجی
بر اساس آمار تجارت خارجی در ۹ ماهه امسال صدور ۵۳۸ هزار تن آهن اسفنجی صورت گرفته که از نظر ارزشی ۱۴۰ میلیون و ۲۷ هزار دلار بود و مقایسه این ارقام با دوره مشابه سال قبل از لحاظ وزنی ۳۶۴ و از نظر ارزشی ۶
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olduğuna değinen yazar, Tessa'nın kaybolduğu sırada üzerinde bu künye takılı olmadığını belirtti.Scientists tout civilian laser-fusion plans
Asking the EU for funds
A group of European scientists has put forward a proposal for a £500m facility to research new approaches to laser fusion that could potentially be built in the UK.
The facility, provisionally called HiPER, would be civilian-run, and as well as pursuing research into fast-ignition laser fusion, would also be available for other experiments in astrophysics as well as nuclear and atomic physics, the group says.
The group, which represents seven European Union member states, was set up by Henry Hutchinson of the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in the UK. It says the facility could be in place and working by the middle of the next decade, PhysicsWeb reports.
The goal of the research would be to go beyond breaking even on the energy-in/energy-out equation and achieve high energy gains. This is a vital milestone on the road between merely demonstrating ignition, and building a workable demonstration reactor.
Hutchinson told PhysicsWeb: "The energy problem is sufficiently urgent that we cannot afford to ignore different approaches to fusion."
Laser fusion research is being pursued internationally because of its potential to supply large quantities of clean energy. There are two main approaches to confining the plasma generated during the reaction: magnetic or inertial confinement.
Currently, both approaches are being studied at various sites around the world. Magnetic confinement is the be researched by the international team ITER, and inertial confinement is being investigated at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) in the US and the Laser Mégajoule (LMJ) in France. Both of these facilities are primarily designed for nuclear weapons research, and have relatively little time to devote to other scientific research.
The basic principles are relatively simple to lay out: a high energy laser is used to heat and compress a small amount of deuterium, a stable isotope of hydrogen. When the deuterium gets sufficiently hot, the outer layers detonate, sending a shockwave towards the centre of the sample.
This shockwave, if it is large enough, triggers thermonuclear ignition - i.e. the nuclei in the deuterium fuse, releasing helium and neutrons, and a large quantity of energy. This in turn ignites a chain reaction in surrounding fuel, and the resulting energy could then be used to generate electricity.
By convention, the same laser is used both to heat and compress the sample of deuterium. In fast ignition, there are two lasers, one to handle each stage separately.
HiPER would combine a 200kJ long pulse laser, for compression, and a 70kJ short pulse laser for heating. Hutchinson says this approach requires less laser energy than the conventional approach, making it markedly cheaper. ®
Sponsored: IBM FlashSystem V9000 product guideوزیر راه و شهرسازی با اشاره به افتتاح پروژه راهآهن خواف – هرات اظهار کرد که اتصال خط ریلی ایران و افغانستان برای دو کشور یک فرصت کم نظیر است که گشایش بزرگی برای صادرات و واردات، تبادلات تجاری و رفت و آمدهای مردم را فراهم میکند.
به گزارش ایلنا از وزارت راه و شهرسازی، محمد اسلامی، وزیر راه و شهرسازی در برنامه رهیافت رادیو اقتصاد با اشاره به اهمیت راه آهن خواف - هرات که هفته گذشته (۲۰ آذر) با حضور رئیس جمهوری دو کشور ایران و افغانستان (به طور ویدئو کنفرانس) به افتتاح رسید، اظهار کرد: این پروژه در شرایطی افتتاح شد که سعی و تلاش بدخواهان به ویژه دولت جنایتکار آمریکا همواره اینکه هیچ پیوندی بین ملت های منطقه بوجود نیاید.
وی گفت: به کوری چشم دشمنان در تعامل کم نظیر و هماهنگ میان ایران و افغانستان ریل دوستی و محبت ماندگار میان دو کشور عملیاتی شد.
اسلامی با بیان اینکه خط ریلی خواف - هرات ۲۲۵ کیلومتر طول دارد، افزود: احداث این خط ریلی در قالب چهار قطعه آغاز شد که سه قطعه از این مسیر به طول ۱۴۰ کیلومتر در تعهد ایران به صورت یک خطه ساخته شده و ۸۵ کیلومتر باقی مانده در تعهد افغانستان است که با هماهنگی متفاوت تری با این کشور اجرا خواهیم کرد.
وزیر راه و شهرسازی عنوان کرد: این خط آهن قابلیت جابجایی شش میلیون تن بار و یک میلیون مسافر به دومین مرکز جمعیتی افغانستان را دارد و سهم بزرگی برای تجار ایرانی و افغانستانی در ترانزیت کالا ایجاد خواهد کرد.
به گفته وی خط ریلی خواف-هرات امکان حمل بار ترانزیتی افغانستان به اروپا و بار صادراتی ایران به افغانستان را فراهم میکند.
اسلامی خاطرنشان کرد: این خط آهن دسترسی افغانستان به آب های آزاد از خاک ایران و همچنین ترکیه و قفقاز را نیز فراهم خواهد کرد.With increasing pressure in schools these days, sometimes we can’t help thinking only about acing the exams. But all work and no play may not be the best solution. Your kids can still have a balance of fun – and a healthy method is through sports!
In a February 2012 report, then Acting Minister for Community Development, Youth and Sports, Mr. Chan Chun Sing said: “Sport can be a national strategy to shape our future, whether we are promoting physical, mental and psychological wellbeing; creating strong leaders with drive and confidence; developing a winning spirit; or uniting us as a nation. It provides many practical, teachable moments.” (Source: SportSingapore.gov.sg)
What can we do in with the ideas from the Vision 2030 Committee in reaping the full benefits of sports to develop happier individuals, stronger leaders, more active citizens? For example, Football Association of Singapore (FAS) vice-president Bernard Tan since 2015 has been aiming for a 20 per cent of all primary-school-going children to play football, under the association’s Cubs programme which launched in April 2015. (Photo: FAS, Source: Todayonline)
"PLAY" - That’s the root of fun. When your children are “playing”, they are also learning at the same time. Joining a sports team in school helps your child stay active, as well as improve social skills. But more than that, sports also help in character building as your child learns more about sportsmanship, perseverance and how to focus on a goal.
All these experiences allows your child to develop important values that lead well into adult life. Not to mention, your child may just as well discover a hobby which he or she would enjoy for life!
So it doesn’t matter if they are not winning – they do not have to be on the school team in order to "play" a sport.
These outcomes are thought to be related to the contribution of sport to learning values and skills associated with initiative, social cohesion, self-control, persistence, and responsibility.
So embrace a sporty lifestyle today! It can begin any time, even at home among family members!
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®: BETADINE is a Registered Trademark.
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LEI: Una ribelle LUI: Un puttaniere LEI: Lucy Hale LUI: Zayn Malik L' amore ti mette sempre in difficoltà e devi fare scelte che non avresti mai pensato di fare. Questo accade a Lucy che si trova su punto di dover scegliere tra a sua famiglia e Zayn. Appena Zayn entra a far parte della sua vita le accadono cose imprevedibili che non avrebbe mai pensato che le potessero succedere. Riuscirà l' amore tra Lucy e Zayn a sconfiggere tutto quello che gli si metterà contro?Biyografi ve Düşünürler ve Flozoflar Forumunda Karl Raimund Popper Kimdir, Hakkında Bilgi Konusunu Okuyorsunuz..
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17 Eylül 2012 18:18
Asel
Bayan Üye
Karl Raimund Popper Kimdir, Hakkında Bilgi
Karl Raimund Popper genel bilgileri
1945 te yayımlamış olduğu Açık Toplum ve Düşmanları adlı kitabı, Marksizmin yaşayan bir yazar tarafından yapılmış en titiz ve amansız bir eleştirisini içerdiğinden, bazı çevrelerde sağcı bir düşünür olarak tanınmıştır.
20. yy.ın önemli bilim felsefecilerinden biri olan Popperin düşünsel etkinliği, giderek hükümet üyelerinden Nobel kazanmış bilim adamlarına ve sanatçılara değin uzanmış; öteki çevrelerde de yavaş da olsa yaygınlık kazanmaya başlamıştır.
Böylece insan ve doğa bilimlerini gözden geçirmeye ve değerlendirmeye girişen Popper, insan bilimlerinin zayıf yanının genelleştirilebilmekten uzak, her yeni olguyu kendilerine göre açıklayıp özümsemeleri olduğunu öne sürmüş ve bilimsel kuramların; biçimselleştirilmiş ve kendi kendilerine yeter duruma getirilmiş oldukları için, kendilerini çürütecek, dolayısıyla yerlerine daha genel bir kuram getirecek şeyler ardında koşmasına karşılık, sonunda onlarda hep kendi doğrulanışlarını bulduklarını saptamıştır.
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03 Ocak 2014 11:52
Yanlışlanabilirlik ilkesi, Popperin bilim kuramının temelidir. Karl Raimund Popper birçok ödüle layık görüldü ve çalışmalarını daha çok kitaplarının yazımında yoğunlaştırdı. çalıştığı son kitap olmasının yanı sıra, ünlü filozofun Almanca da en çok okunan kitabı olma özelliğini de taşıyor.Segregation among students in public schools based on race has been a persistent and growing concern and new statistics show that income segregation may be growing as well.
After analyzing two national data sources—the School District Demographics System (SDDS) and the Common Core of Data (CCD)—researchers found that income segregation between and within public school districts has been on the rise since 1990.
“In the 100 largest districts, segregation between schools increased in both the 1990s and 2000s, and segregation in 2012 is about 40 percent higher than in 1990,” wrote the researchers in a study published in the American Education Research Journal this month. However, this new level of segregation is not caused primarily by the historical separation between poor families and all others, as some might suspect. Rather, the middle class has been slipping further behind the upper middle and affluent classes.
The study, conducted by a team of researchers at Harvard, Stanford, and the University of Southern California, used data on student eligibility for the federal free and reduced lunch program to investigate the income segregation between schools within the same district as well as between school districts. The researchers trace the sharp growth in income segregation in schools to 2008 (possibly due to the economic recession). The gap reflects growing residential income segregation and income inequality that occurred as affluent families increasingly moved to new schools and students from low-income families became more concentrated in lower-income districts or schools.
The growing trends in income-based segregation in schools were also likely due to school-choice policies which give parents the option to enroll their students in schools other than the neighborhood schools, the study says. That movement was propelled in part by the increasing availability of public information on school performance, which some parents have used to decide whether to send their children to local schools that don’t match their incomes and residential preferences. And some research suggest this appears to particularly be the case for higher-income families.
“Rising income inequality provides high-income families with the resources to realize this preference, resulting in increased sorting by income across districts, schools, and neighborhoods,” the researchers further explain.
Looking ahead, income and residential segregation can impact school funding as well, the study says. As communities become increasingly more divided based on income, advocacy and support for public education could decline in some areas. “High-income families generally have more political influence than low-income families, and high-income families in highly segregated metropolitan areas have little incentive to advocate for increases in metropolitan- or statewide funding if their own high-income district has substantial resources,” concludes the report.
A version of this news article first appeared in the Inside School Research blog.悲情的乌克兰！动辄空难的波音737！风云诡谲的伊朗！又是怎样的一团迷雾？伊朗革命卫队1月8日早晨向在伊拉克的两个美军基地发射了15枚弹道后，乌克兰国际航空公司的一架波音737客机从伊朗首都德黑兰的霍梅尼国际机场起飞，大约3分钟后就坠毁了，机上的176名乘客与机组人员全部遇难。
坠机后，伊朗和乌克兰方面都声称是技术故障原因而坠毁的，不是被导弹击毁，也不是遭受恐怖主义袭击所致。乌克兰总统泽连斯基呼吁外界对坠机原因做无谓的猜测。但实事求是地讲，坠机的时间、坠机的所在国很特殊，是不是巧合还真的不好说。
伊朗塔斯尼姆通讯社、路透社等多家媒体1月8日报道，乌克兰国际航空公司的一架波音737客机，搭载167名乘客与9名乌克兰机组人员，8日上午10点41分从伊朗首都德黑兰的霍梅尼国际机场起飞，飞往乌克兰首都基辅的鲍里斯波尔国际机场。起飞3分钟后，这架波音737客机在2400米的高空失去了联系，坠毁在德黑兰西南郊区。
乌克兰外交部证实：这架客机载有176人，其中有11人是乌克兰人（2名乘客、9名机组人员）、82名伊朗人、63名加拿大人、10名瑞典人、4名阿富汗人、3名英国人、3名德国人，全部遇难，无一生还。
俄罗斯卫星通讯社报道，坠机后，乌克兰驻伊朗大使馆表示，这架波音737客机不是被导弹击落的，也不是恐怖袭击所致，而是发动机出现了故障。
伊朗道路与城市建设部通信与信息中心负责人卡西姆·比西表示，乌克兰的这架波音737客机是因为发动机故障导致机体起火坠毁，并不是被导弹击落的。如果被导弹击中，客机的机体肯定会在空中爆炸了。
坠机时间的两个主要相关方乌克兰、伊朗都否认了被导弹击落或恐怖袭击的原因，而是一致地声称是飞机的发动机出现了故障导致坠毁。
坠机原因还没开始全面调查，乌克兰和伊朗就得出了一致的坠机结论，是不是有点奇怪？这个坠机原因的可信度有多大？坠毁的这架乌克兰国际航空公司的波音737-800客机2016年7月才交付使用，机龄只有3.6年，是一架很新的客机，发动机就出现了故障，导致机毁人亡，令人惊骇，波音737客机的质量比外界所知的更糟糕？
坠机后，正在伊朗对面的阿曼度假的乌克兰总统泽连斯基当即结束行程，返回乌克兰，处理坠机事宜，并指示乌克兰的检察官启动刑事诉讼程序。
伊朗民用航空局的发言人表示，派出的调查小组已经抵达事故现场，调查坠机原因，并找到了失事波音737客机的黑匣子。早日找到坠机原因，公布真相，可以缓解中东的紧张局势，否则，会牵扯十几个国家，对该地区的局势的影响就太大了，搞不好会失控。返回搜狐，查看更多
责任编辑：Cumhurbaşkanı kararıyla kısa çalışma ödeneğinin süresi iki ay daha uzatıldı. Daha önce uzatılan uygulama 31 Ağustos'ta sona eriyordu.
Kararla ‘Sosyal Koruma Kalkanı’ kapsamında 26 Mart’ta başlatılan kısa çalışma ödeneği uygulaması, mevcut faydalananlar için iki ay daha uzatıldı.
Böylece, başladıkları tarih esas alınarak işverenlerin büyük bir bölümü kısa çalışma ödeneğinden 31 Ekim’e kadar yararlanmaya devam edecek.Math Help - Divide Fractions - Game Tips:
- The number 8 divided by 2 equals 4 , because (2)(4)=8 in the first place.
- The number 8 divided by the fraction (1/2) equals 16 , because (1/2)(16)=8 .
- The fraction 2/3 divided by the fraction 1/2 equals 4/3 because (1/2)(4/3)=2/3 .
- A standard method to divide two proper fractions, is to multiply the first fraction
by the reciprocal of the second fraction. [The reciprocal of (c/d) is (d/c)] .
- For example, 1/4 divided by 2/5 = (1/4)(5/2) which equals the answer 5/8 .
- The general rule is (a/b)/(c/d) = (ad)/(bc) .
- It may take a minute to load the game at dial-up speeds.
- The game can be played using the mouse by itself or using the keyboard by itself.
- If the game doesn't respond to keyboard input, click inside the game area to reset the game's focus.
- Adjust the game's speed by pressing the + or - key repeatedly.The two main features of the earth's energy balance are that:
Input into the global heat budget comes in the form of short-wave solar energy. This is called insolation [insolation: solar radiation received in the Earth's atmosphere or at its surface.] . Only 51% of this insolation reaches and is absorbed by the earth's surface. The rest is absorbed by water vapour, dust and clouds, or is reflected by the earth's surface and scattered by particles in the air (the albedo [albedo: the albedo of an object is the extent to which it diffusely reflects light from the sun.] effect). The atmosphere is largely heated from below, by long-wave terrestrial radiation from the earth's surface.
You can see that there is a surplus of energy between 35N and 35S. In this region, incoming insolation exceeds outgoing radiation. There's an energy deficit between 35N and the north pole, and between 35S and the south pole
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Union and a member of the Mexican Communist Party who participated in an unsuccessful attempt to assassinate Leon Trotsky in May 1940.
His surname would normally be Alfaro by Spanish naming customs; like Picasso (Pablo Ruiz y Picasso) and Lorca (Federico García Lorca), Siqueiros used his mother's surname. It was long believed that he was born in Camargo in Chihuahua state, but in 2003 it was proven that he had actually been born in the city of Chihuahua, but grew up in Irapuato, Guanajuato, at least from the age of six. The discovery of his birth certificate in 2003 by a Mexican art curator was announced the following year by art critic Raquel Tibol, who was renowned as the leading authority on Mexican Muralism and who had been a close acquaintance of Siqueiros.Siqueiros changed his given name to "David" after his first wife called him by it in allusion to Michelangelo's David. Another factual confusion is the year of his birth: he was born in 1896, but many sources state 1898 or 1899.
Many details of his childhood, including birth date, birthplace, first name, and where he grew up, were misstated during his life and long after his death, in some cases by himself. Often, he is reported to have been born and raised in 1898 in a town in the state of Chihuahua, and his personal names are reported to be "José David".
Siqueiros was born in Chihuahua in 1896, the second of three children. He was baptized José de Jesús Alfaro Siqueiros. His father, Cipriano Alfaro, originally from Irapuato, was well-off. His mother was Teresa Siqueiros. Siqueiros had two siblings: a sister, Luz, three years older, and a brother "Chucho" (Jesús), a year younger. David's mother died when he was four; their father sent the children to live with their paternal grandparents. David’s grandfather, nicknamed "Siete Filos" ('seven knife-edges'), had an especially strong role in his upbringing. In 1902 Siqueiros started school in Irapuato, Guanajuato.
He credits his first rebellious influence to his sister, who had resisted their father’s religious orthodoxy. Around this time, Siqueiros was also exposed to new political ideas, mainly along the lines of anarcho-syndicalism. One such political theorist was Dr. Atl, who published a manifesto in 1906 calling for Mexican artists to develop a national art and look to ancient indigenous cultures for inspiration. In 1911, at age fifteen, Siqueiros was involved in a student strike at the Academy of San Carlos of the National Academy of Fine Arts that protested the school's teaching methodology and urged the impeachment of the school's director. Their protests eventually led to the establishment of an “open-air academy” in Santa Anita.
At the age of eighteen, Siqueiros and several of his colleagues from the School of Fine Arts joined Venustiano Carranza’s Constitutional Army fighting Huerta's government. When Huerta fell in 1914, Siqueiros became enmeshed in the “post-revolutionary” infighting, as the Constitutional Army had to battle the diverse political factions of Pancho Villa and Emiliano Zapata for control. His military travels around the country exposed him to Mexican culture and the raw everyday struggles of the working and rural poor classes. After Carranza’s forces had gained control, Siqueiros briefly returned to Mexico City to paint before traveling to Europe in 1919. First in Paris, he absorbed the influence of cubism, intrigued particularly with Paul Cézanne and the use of large blocks of intense color. While there, he also met Diego Rivera, another Mexican painter of “the big three” just on the brink of a legendary career in muralism, and traveled with him throughout Italy to study the great fresco painters of the Renaissance.
Although many have said that Siqueiros' artistic ventures were frequently “interrupted” by his political ones, Siqueiros himself believed the two were intricately intertwined. By 1921, when he wrote his manifesto in Vida Americana, Siqueiros had already been exposed to Marxism and saw the life of the working and rural poor while traveling with the Constitutional Army. In "A New Direction for the New Generation of American Painters and Sculptors," he called for a "spiritual renewal" to simultaneously bring back the virtues of classical painting while infusing this style with "new values" that acknowledge the “modern machine” and the “contemporary aspects of daily life". The manifesto also claimed that a "constructive spirit" is essential to meaningful art, which rises above mere decoration or false, fantastical themes. Through this style, Siqueiros hoped to create a style that would bridge national and universal art. In his work as well as his writing, Siqueiros sought a social realism that at once hailed the proletariat peoples of Mexico and the world while avoiding the clichés of trendy "Primitivism" and "Indianism".
In 1922, Siqueiros returned to Mexico City to work as a muralist for Álvaro Obregón’s revolutionary government. Then Secretary of Public Education José Vasconcelos made a mission of educating the masses through public art and hired scores of artists and writers to build a modern Mexican culture. Siqueiros, Rivera and José Orozco worked together under Vasconcelos, who supported the muralist movement by commissioning murals for prominent buildings in Mexico City. Still, the artists working at the Preparatoria realized that many of their early works lacked the "public" nature envisioned in their ideology. In 1923 Siqueiros helped found the Syndicate of Revolutionary Mexican Painters, Sculptors and Engravers, which addressed the problem of widespread public access through its union paper, El Machete. That year the paper published – "for the proletariat of the world" – a manifesto, which Siqueiros helped author, on the necessity of a "collective" art, which would serve as "ideological propaganda" to educate the masses and overcome bourgeois, individualist art.
Soon after, Siqueiros painted his famous mural Burial of a Worker (1923) in the stairwell of the Colegio Chico. The fresco features a group of pre-Conquest style workers in a funeral procession who are carrying a giant coffin, decorated with a hammer and sickle. The mural was never finished and was vandalized by students at the school who did not agree with the overtly political subject matter in the painting. Eventually, the entire painting was whitewashed by the new Minister of Education who succeeded Vasconcelos. But as the union became ever more critical of the revolutionary government, which had not instituted the promised reforms, its members faced new threats to cut funding for their art and the paper. A feud within the union over whether to cease publishing El Machete or lose financial support for the mural projects left Siqueiros at the forefront, as Rivera left in protest of the decision to uphold politics over artistic opportunity. Despite being let go from his post under the Department of Education in 1925, Siqueiros remained deeply entrenched in labor activities, in the union as well as the Mexican Communist Party, until he was jailed and eventually exiled in the early 1930s.
After spending many years in Mexico and heavily involved in radical political activities, Siqueiros went to Los Angeles in 1932 to continue his career as a muralist. Working in a collective unit that experimented with new painting techniques using modern devices such as airbrushes, sprayguns and projectors, Siqueiros and his team of collaborators painted two major murals. The first mural, Street Meeting, was commissioned for the Chouinard School of Art. It depicts a group of workers of mixed ethnicities listening to an angry labor agitator’s speech during a break in the workday. The mural was washed over within a year of its unveiling due both to weather-related technical issues, and perhaps, to the pro-Communist content of the work. Siqueiros’ other significant public Los Angeles mural, Tropical America (full name: América Tropical: Oprimida y Destrozada por los Imperialismos, or Tropical America: Oppressed and Destroyed by Imperialism), was commissioned shortly after the unveiling of Street Meeting, and was to be painted on the exterior wall of the Plaza Art Center that faced the busy Olvera Street. Siqueiros’ Tropical America depicts the United States’ imperialism in Latin America, a much more radical theme than was intended for the mural. Although Tropical America received generally favorable criticism, some viewed the mural as "Communist propaganda", which led to a partial covering in 1934 and a total whitewash in 1938. Eighty years later, the Getty Conservation Institute performed restoration work on the mural. As no color photographs of Tropical America are known to exist, conservators used scientific analysis and best practices to get at the artist's vision of his piece. It became accessible to the public on its 80th birthday, October 9, 2012. The América Tropical Interpretive Center that opened nearby is dedicated to the life and legacy of David Alfaro Siqueiros.
In the early 1930s, including his time spent in Lecumberri Prison, Siqueiros produced a series of politically themed lithographs, many of which were exhibited in the United States. His lithograph Head was shown at the 1930 exhibition “Mexican Artists and Artists of the Mexican School” at The Delphic Studios in New York City. In 1932, he led an exhibition and conference entitled “Rectifications on Mexican Muralism” at the gallery of the Spanish Casino in Taxco, Guerrero. Shortly after, he traveled to New York, where he participated in the Weyhe Gallery’s “Mexican Graphic Art” exhibition. It was at this time that, with a team of students, he also completed Tropical America, in 1932 at the Italian Hall at Olvera Street in Los Angeles. Painting fresco on an outside wall – visible to passersby as well as intentional viewers – forced Siqueiros to reconsider his methodology as a muralist. He wanted the image – an Indian peon being crucified by American oppression – to be accessible from multiple angles. Instead of just constructing “an enlarged easel painting,” he realized that the mural “must conform to the normal transit of a spectator.” Eventually, Siqueiros would develop a mural technique that involved tracing figures onto a wall with an electric projector, photographing early wall sketches to improve perspective, and new paints, spray guns, and other tools to accommodate the surface of modern buildings and the outdoor conditions. He was unceremoniously deported from the United States for political activity the same year.
Back in New York in 1936, he was the guest of honor at the “Contemporary Arts” exhibition at the St. Regis gallery. There he also ran a political art workshop in preparation for the 1936 General Strike for Peace and May Day parade. The young Jackson Pollock attended the workshop and helped build floats for the parade. In fact, Siquieros has been credited with teaching drip and pour techniques to Pollock that later resulted in his "allover" paintings, made from 1947 to 1950, and which constitute Pollock's greatest achievement. In addition to floats, the Siqueiros Experimental Workshop produced a variety of posters and other ephemeral works for the CPUSA and other anti-fascist organizations in New York. These ephemeral works possessed the ability to reach the masses in a way different from mural painting because they were accessible to a wide audience outside of an institution or gallery. The Siqueiros Experimental Workshop only lasted for a little over a year until Siqueiros went to fight in the Spanish Civil War in April 1937, but their floats were featured in both the 1936 and 1937 May Day Parades in Manhattan's garment district. Continuing to produce several works throughout the late 1930s – such as Echo of a Scream (1937) and The Sob (1939), both now at the Museum of Modern Art in New York – Siqueiros also led a number of experimental art workshops for American students. He spent the better part of 1938 with the Spanish Republican Army fighting Francisco Franco’s fascist coup before returning to Mexico City. After his return, in a stairwell of the Sindicato Mexicano de Electricistas, Siqueiros collaborated with Spanish refugee Josep Renau and the International Team of Plastic Artists to develop one of his most famous works, Portrait of the Bourgeoisie, warning against the dual foes of capitalism and fascism. The original mural shows a giant generator using the opposition of fascist and capitalist democracies to generate imperialism and war. An armed, brave-faced revolutionary, of unnamable class or ethnicity, confronts the machine, and a blue sky on the ceiling flanked by electrical towers displays hope for the proletariat in technological and industrial advances. Before the mural’s completion in 1940, however, Siqueiros was forced into hiding and later exiled for his direct involvement in an attempt to assassinate Leon Trotsky, then in exile in Mexico City from the Soviet Union.:
When police located and searched the house from which the attack had been plotted, they found the corpse of Robert Sheldon Harte. The theory that Sheldon was a Soviet agent who had infiltrated Trotsky's entourage, aiding in Siqueiros' attack by allowing the hit squad to enter Trotsky's compound, was discounted by Trotsky and later historians.Siqueiros's colleague Josep Renau completed the SME mural, transforming the generator into a machine that converts the blood of workers into coins.
American-born poet and eventual fellow Spanish Civil War participant Edwin Rolfe was a great admirer of Siqueiros's "ability to function" as "artist and revolutionary" His 1934 poem "Room with Revolutionists" is based on a conversation between ″New Masses″ editor, poet, and Left journalist Joseph Freeman (1897-1965) and Siqueiros; in it, Siqueiros is described as "a revolutionist / a painter of great areas, editor / of fiery and terrifying words, leader / of the poor who plant, the poor who burrow / under the earth in field and mine. / His life's and always upward-delving battle in / and old torn sweater, the pockets always empty."
Siqueiros participated in the first ever Mexican contingent at the XXV Venice Biennale exhibition with Orozco, Rivera and Tamayo in 1950, and he received the second prize for all exhibitors, which recognized the international status of Mexican art. Yet by the 1950s, Siqueiros returned to accepting commissions from what he considered a “progressive” Mexican state, rather than painting for galleries or private patrons. He painted an outdoor mural entitled The People to the University, the University to the People at the National Autonomous University of Mexico in Mexico City in 1952. In 1957 he began work on 4,500-square-foot (420 m2) government commission for Chapultepec Castle in Mexico City; Del porfirismo a la Revolución was his biggest mural yet. (The painting is known in English as From the Dictatorship of Porfirio Diaz to the Revolution or The Revolution Against the Porfirian Dictatorship.)
In the lobby of the Hospital de la Raza in Mexico City, he created a revolutionary multi-angular mural using new materials and techniques, "For the Social Welfare of all Mexicans." After painting "Man the Master and Not the Slave of Technology" on a concave aluminum panel in the lobby of the Polytechnic Institute, he painted "The Apology for the Future Victory of Science over Cancer" on panels which wrap around the lobby of cancer center.
Yet near the end of the decade, his outspoken communist views alienated him from the government. Under pressure from the government, the National Actors’ Association, which had commissioned a mural on the theater in Mexico suspended his work on The History of Theater in Mexico at the Jorge Negrete Theater and sued him for breach of contract in 1958.
Siqueiros was eventually arrested in 1960 for openly criticizing the President of Mexico, Adolfo López Mateos, and leading protests against the arrests of striking workers and teachers, though the charges were commonly known to be false.Numerous protests ensued, even including an appeal by well-known artists and writers in The New York Times ad in 1961.Unjustly imprisoned, Siqueiros continued to paint, and his works continued to sell. During that stay, he would make numerous sketches for the project of decorating the Hotel Casino de la Selva, owned by Manuel Suarez y Suarez. After international pressure was put on the Mexican authorities, Siqueiros was finally pardoned and released in the spring of 1964. He immediately resumed working on his suspended murals in the Actors' Union and Chapultepec Castle.
When the mural planned for the Hotel de la Selva in Cuernavaca was moved to Mexico City and expanded, he assembled a team of national and international artists to work on the panels in his workshop in Cuernavaca. This project, his last major mural, is the largest mural ever painted, an integrated structure combining architecture, in which the building was designed as a mural, with mural painting and polychromed sculpture. Known as the Polyforum Siqueiros, the exterior consists of 12 panels of sculpture and painting while the walls and ceiling of the interior are covered with "The March of Humanity on Earth and Toward the Cosmos." Completed in 1971 after years of extension and delay, the mural broke from some previous stylistic mandates, if only by its complex message. Known for making art that was easily read by the public, especially the lower classes, Siqueiros’ message in The March is more difficult to decipher, though it seems to fuse two visions of human progress, one international and one based in Mexican heritage. The mural’s placement at a ritzy hotel and commission by its millionaire owner also seems to challenge Siqueiros’ anti-capitalist ideology.
As a muralist and an artist, Siqueiros believed art should be public, educational, and ideological. He painted mostly murals and other portraits of the revolution – its goals, its past, and the current oppression of the working classes. Because he was painting a story of human struggle to overcome authoritarian, capitalist rule, he painted the everyday people ideally involved in this struggle. Though his pieces sometimes include landscapes or figures of Mexican history and mythology, these elements often appear as mere accessories to the story of a revolutionary hero or heroes (several works depict the revolutionary "masses", such as the mural at Chapultepec).
His interest in the human form developed at the Academy in Mexico City. His accentuation of the angles of the body, its muscles and joints, can be seen throughout his career in his portrayal of the strong revolutionary body. In addition, many works, especially in the 1930s, prominently feature hands, which could be interpreted as another heroic symbol of proletarian strength through work: his self-portrait in prison (El Coronelazo, 1945, Museum of Modern Art, Mexico City), Our Present Image (1947, Museum of Modern Art, Mexico), New Democracy (1944, Palace of Fine Arts, Mexico City), and even his series on working class women, such as The Sob.A 5-year-old is prescribed sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim for
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پتیدی وجود دارد که توسط پیوند دی سولفید نگهداری می شوند. این چهار زنجیره پلیپپتیدی یک ساختار مولکولی متقارن را تشکیل می دهند.
دو نیمه ی یکسان با مکان های اتصال آنتی ژن بین انتهای زنجیره سنگین و سبک در هر دو طرف وجود دارد. یک لولا در مرکز بین زنجیرهای سنگین برای انعطاف پذیری به پروتئین وجود دارد. دو زنجیرسبک یکسان هستند. آنها حاوی حدود 220 آمینو اسید هستند، در حالی که زنجیرهای دارای 440 اسید آمینه هستند.
دو نوع زنجیر سبک بین تمام کلاسهای ایمونوگلوبولین، یک زنجیره لامبدا lambdaو یک زنجیره کاپا kappa وجود دارد. هر دو در عملکرد مشابه هستند. هر نوع ایمونوگلوبولین دارای نوع متفاوت زنجیره سنگین است.
عملکرد آنتی بادی ها
آنتی بادی به آنتی ژن های خاص متصل می شود. این سیگنال های دیگر سلول های سیستم ایمنی را برای از بین بردن میکروب های مهاجم خلاص می کند. استحکام اتصال بین آنتی بادی و آنتی ژن در یک مکان پیوند تک، به عنوان وابستگی آنتی بادی به آنتی ژن شناخته می شود. وابستگی بین آنتی بادی و محل اتصال آنتی ژن با نوع پیوند تشکیل شده است.
از آنجایی که یک آنتی ژن می تواند چندین اپیتوپ متفاوت داشته باشد، تعدادی از آنتی بادی ها می توانند به پروتئین متصل شوند. هنگامی که دو یا چند مکان مرتبط با آنتی ژن یکسان هستند، آنتی بادی می تواند یک پیوند قوی با آنتی ژن ایجاد کند.
ایمونوگلوبولین ها Ig
پنج نوع اصلی آنتی بادی (ایمونوگلوبولین ها): IgG، IgA، IgD، IgE و IgM.
IgG:
این مولکول ها در گردش خون زیاد است.از عروق خوبی به جفت رسیده و وظیفه اش حفاظت از جنین است نوع زنجیره سنگین IgG یک زنجیره گاما است.
IgM:
از همه ی ایمونوگلوبولین ها، این بزرگترین آنها است . آنها شامل پنج بخش Y شکل با دو زنجیره سبک و دو زنجیر سنگین است. هر بخش Y شکل به یک واحد پیوند به نام زنجیره J متصل می شود. مولکول های IgM در پاسخ اولیه ایمنی به عنوان پاسخ دهندگان اولیه به آنتی ژن های جدید در بدن نقش مهمی ایفا می کنند. نوع زنجیره سنگین در IgM یک زنجیره mu است.
IgA:
به طور عمده در مایع های بدن مانند عرق، بزاق و مخاط است، این آنتی بادی ها از عفونت سلول ها جلوگیری می کند و وارد سیستم گردش خون می شوند. نوع زنجیره سنگین در IgA یک زنجیره آلفا است.
IgD:
نقش این آنتی بادی ها در پاسخ ایمنی در حال حاضر ناشناخته است. مولکول های IgD در غشاهای سطح سلول های B بالغ قرار دارند. نوع زنجیره سنگین در IgD یک زنجیره دلتا است.
IgE:
بیشتر در بزاق و مخاط یافت می شود، این آنتی بادی ها در پاسخ های آلرژیک به آنتی ژن ها دخیل هستند. نوع زنجیره سنگین در IgE یک زنجیره اپسیلون است.
همچنین چندین زیرمجموعه از ایمونوگلوبولین ها در انسان وجود دارد. تفاوت در زیر طبقه ها بر اساس تغییرات کوچک در واحدهای زنجیره ای سنگین آنتی بادی ها در یک نوع است. زنجیرهای سبک موجود در ایمونوگلوبولین ها در دو فرم اصلی وجود دارد. این نوع زنجیرهای سبک به عنوان زنجیرهای کاپا و لامبدا شناخته می شود.
در سایت دانستنی دردانم بیشتر بخوانید :
بیوشیمی لیکوپن
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رونویسی RNA از یک الگوی DNAİsviçre’nin Kuruluşu, İsviçre’nin Tarihi, İsviçre Coğrafyası, İsviçre’de Siyasi Yapı ve İsviçre Hakkında Genel Bilgiler
İsviçre Hakkında Genel Bilgiler
Batı, Orta ve Güney Avrupa’nın birleşim noktasında yer alan yüzölçümü bakımından küçük bir ülkedir. Başkenti Bern ile birlikte 26 kantondan oluşmaktadır.
Yönetim biçimi bakımından federatif yapıya sahip bir Cumhuriyettir. Kuzeyinde Almanya, güneyinde İtalya, doğusunda Avusturya ile Lihtenştayn batısında Fransa, yer almaktadır.
Alpler, İsviçre Platosu ve Jura Dağları arasında bölünen, 41.285 km² yüzölçümüne sahip bir ülkedir ve denize kıyısı yoktur. Alp dağları İsviçre topraklarının önemli bir alanını işgal etmektedir. İsviçre‘de yaklaşık olarak 8,6 milyon civarında bir nüfus yeralır.
Uzun süreye yayılmış olan bir tarafsızlık tarihi vardır. İsviçre 1815 yılından beri uluslararası bir savaşa katılmamıştır. İsviçre 2002 yılına kadar Birleşmiş Milletler‘e de üye olmamış bir ülkedir.
Ancak dış politikada etkili bir ülke olup, özellikle dünya çapında barış kurma girişimlerinde yer almaktadır.
Kızılhaç oluşumunun başlatıldığı ülkedir, ayrıca İsviçre toprakları, Dünya Sağlık Örgütü ve Birleşmiş Milletler gibi bir çok uluslararası ve ülkeler üstü kuruma ev sahipliği yapan bir ülkedir.
Avrupa Birliği üyesi değildir. Ancak Avrupa Serbest Ticaret Birliğinin kurucu üyelerindendir ve Schengen Bölgesinin bir parçasıdır. Fakat Avrupa Ekonomik Alanının da bir üyesi değildir.
Kişi başına düşen gayri safi yurt içi hasıla bakımından dünyadaki en zengin ülkelerden biridir ve her bir yetişkin için en yüksek malvarlığına (finansal ve finansal olmayan) sahiptir.
Zürih ve Cenevre sırasıyla dünyadaki ikinci ve sekizinci yaşam kalitesine sahip şehirler olarak sıralanmaktadır. Nominal (GSYİH) bakımından dünyanın 19. satın alma gücü paritesine göre 36. büyük ekonomisine sahiptir. Malların ihracatında 20. ithalatında 18. sıradadır.
Dil ve kültür açısından dört ana bölgeye ayrılabilir: Almanca, Fransızca, İtalyanca konuşulan bölgeler ile Reto Romanca konuşulan vadiler.
Bu nedenle, çoğunluğunun Almanca konuşmasına karşın ortak etnik ya da ortak dile bağlı bir ulustan söz edilemez. Bu dil ayrılığı nedeniyle ülke, yerel dillerde farklı adlarla anılır.
Almanca: Schweiz Almanca telaffuz: [ˈʃvaɪts]; Fransızca: Suisse Fransızca telaffuz: [sɥis]; İtalyanca: Svizzera İtalyanca telaffuz: [ˈzvit͡sːera]; Reto Romanca: Svizra). Ancak madeni paralarda ve pullarda bu dört dil yerine ülkenin Latince adı olan Confoederatio Helvetica kullanılır.
Bu ad çoğu zaman “Helvetia” olarak kısaltılır. Ülkeye duyulan güçlü bağlılık duygusunun kaynağı ortak tarihsel zemin, federalizm ve doğrudan demokrasi gibi paylaşılan değerler ve kendini Alplerde yaşayanlar olarak tanımlama üzerine kurulmuştur.
İsviçre Konfederasyonu‘nun kurulması geleneksel olarak 1 Ağustos 1291 olarak kabul edilir ve her yıl yıldönümünde İsviçre Ulusal Günü olarak kutlanır.
Bir devlet olarak 1848 yılındaki İsviçre Federal Anayasası‘nın kabulünden bu yana varlığını sürdürür. Devletin temelini oluşturan konfederasyon yapısının kuruluşu ise 13. yüzyılın sonlarında gerçekleşmiştir.
İsviçre’de Siyasi yapı
Çift meclisli İsviçre parlamentosu Federal Meclis, Federal Hükûmet‘ten ayrı olarak temel iktidar merkezidir. Federal Meclisi oluşturan Eyaletler Konseyi ve Ulusal Konsey yasa çıkarmak da dahil olmak üzere her açıdan eşit güce sahiptir.
1999 anayasasına göre, federasyona özel olarak delege edilmemiş tüm güçler kantonların elindedir.
Eyaletler konseyinin 46 üyesi (her kantondan iki ve yarım kantondan bir olmak üzere) doğrudan her kantonda seçilir. Ulusal Konsey’in 200 üyesi ise nispi temsil esaslarına dayanarak seçilir. Her iki meclise seçilenlerin görev süresi 4 yıldır.
İsviçre’de Siyasi Yapı
Referandumlar yoluyla her yurttaş federal hükûmet tarafından kabul edilmiş yasaların geçerliliğini sorgulayabilir ve federal anayasaya düzeltme yapılmasını isteyebilir. Bu haklar İsviçre‘yi doğrudan demokrasi uygulanan bir ülke yapar.
Yürütme erki ve devlet başkanlığı görevi yedi üyeden oluşan Federal hükûmette toplanır. Her ne kadar anayasaya göre Meclis Konsey üyelerini seçse ve denetlese de, yasama sürecini yönlendirme ve federal yasaları uygulama konusunda Federal hükûmet yavaş yavaş önde gelen bir role kavuştu.
Özel temsil görevlerini yürütmek üzere konseyi oluşturan yedi kişi içinden bir kişi bir yıllığına Konfederasyon Başkanı olarak seçilir.
1959 yılından Aralık 2003’e kadar Federal hükûmette dört önemli siyasi parti, federal meclisteki temsil oranlarına göre oluşan “sihirli formüle” göre temsil edilir: 2 üye Hristiyan Demokratlardan (CVP/PDC), 2 üye Sosyal Demokratlardan (SPS/PSS), 2 üye Liberal Demokratlardan (FDP/PRD), ve 1 üye de İsviçre Halk Partisinden (SVP/UDC).
Konseydeki bu geleneksel üye dağılımı herhangi bir yasa ile tanımlanmış değildir ve 2003 seçimlerinden sonra Hristiyan Demokratlar ikinci sandalyelerini, o yıl meclis seçimlerinde en güçlü parti olarak çıkan İsviçre Halk Partisine kaptırdı.
Federal Yüksek Mahkeme’nin görevi kanton mahkemelerinden gelen temyizlere ve federal yönetimin idari kararlarına bakmaktır. Yüksek Mahkeme yargıçları, altı yıllık görev süresi için Federal Meclis tarafından seçilir.
İsviçre 1848 federal anayasanın uygulanmaya başlandığından beri Dünya üzerinde eşi benzeri olmayan bir hükûmet sistemi olan doğrudan demokrasiye ev sahipliği yapmaktadır.
Parlamenter demokrasinin vazgeçilmez ögeleri olan meclis ve konseyler de bulunduğundan kimi zaman bu sistem yarı-doğrudan sistem olarak da adlandırılır.
Meclis tarafından onaylanmış bir yasanın geçerliliğini sorgulamak isteyen bir grup yurttaş eğer yasanın çıkmasından sonraki 100 gün içinde yasaya karşı 50.000 imza toplayabilirlerse federal bir referandum isteğinde bulunabilirler.
Bu durumda yasanın kabulu ya da reddi için ulusal düzeyde ve basit çoğunluk ile karar verilen bir oylama yapılır. Federal bir yasaya karşı sekiz kanton birleşerek de referandum isteğinde bulunabilir.
Benzer şekilde yurttaşlar bir anayasal değişikliği 18 aylık bir süre içinde destekleyen 100.000 imzaya ulaşabilirlerse federal anayasal girişim ile ulusal oylamaya gidebilirler. Meclis anayasal değişiklik isteğini tamamlayıcı olarak karşı öneri getirebilir ve seçmenler her iki önerinin kabulu durumunda seçeneklerini oy pusulalarında işaretler.
Anayasal değişikliklerin, ister meclis tarafından getirilmiş ister anayasal girişimle sunulmuş olsun kabul edilmesi için hem ulusal düzeydeki oylamanın sonucunun çoğunluğu hem de kantonların sonuçlarının çoğunluğu olmak üzere çifte çoğunluk aranır.
İsviçre, 26 kantondan oluşmaktadır. Kantonların nüfusu 15.000 (Appenzell Innerrhoden) ile 1.253.500 (Zürich) arasında ve yüzölçümü de 37 km² (Basel-Stadt) ile 7.105 km² (Graubünden) arasında değişir. Kantonlarda toplam 2.889 belediye bulunmaktadır.
İsviçre içinde iki anklav (kuşatılmış toprak) bulunur: Almanya’ya ait olan Büsingen ile İtalya’ya ait olan Campione d’Italia.
Avusturya‘nın Vorarlberg eyaletinde 11 Mayıs 1919 tarihinde yapılan referandum sonucunda halkın %80’i eyaletin İsviçre Konfederasyonuna katılması önerisini destekledi. Ancak Avusturya hükûmetinin, Müttefik kuvvetlerin, İsviçre liberallerinin, İtalyan İsviçrelilerin ve Fransız İsviçrelilerin karşı çıkmasıyla bu gerçekleşmedi.
İsviçre Coğrafyası
Orta-batı Avrupa arasında yer alan İsviçre, Alpler‘in kuzey ve güney yamaçlarında konumlanmıştır. 41.285 kilometrekarelik yüzölçümüyle İsviçre, Birleşmiş Milletler tarafından tanınan ülkeler arasında yüzölçümü bakımından en büyük 135. ülkedir.
2011 sayımına göre 7.954.700’lük nüfusa sahip olan ülkede, kilometrekareye ortalama 188 kişi düşmektedir. Engebeli bir araziye sahip olan ülkenin güney kısmında, kuzey kısmına oranla daha dağınık bir yerleşim görülür.
İsviçre Coğrafyası
Yaklaşık 100’e yakın dağlık alanı mevcut olan ülkede tren, dişli demiryolları, teleferik ve diğer ulaşım araçları çoğunlukla kullanılmaktadır.
Güneydeki İsviçre Alpleri, ortadaki İsviçre Platosu ve kuzeydeki Jura Dağları olmak üzere ülke üç ana topoğrafik alana ayrılabilir. Ülkeyi orta ve güneyinden kateden sıradağlar olan Alpler, ülke topraklarının yaklaşık olarak %60’ını oluşturur.
Ülkede bulunan zirvelerin yaklaşık yüz tanesi 4.000 metre (13.000 ft)’ye yakın veya daha da üzerindedir. 4.634 metre (15.203 ft) ile ülkenin en yüksek noktası Dufour Zirvesi‘dir. İsviçre Alpleri’nin yüksek dorukları arasında, bazılarında buzul bulunan vadiler yer alır.
İsviçre Coğrafyası
Buralarda doğan Ren, Rhône, İnn, Aare ve Ticino gibi başlıca nehirler; Cenevre Gölü, Zürih Gölü, Neuchâtel Gölü ve Konstanz Gölü gibi göllere dökülür. 1.500’den fazla göle sahip olan İsviçre, Avrupa’daki temiz su rezervinin yaklaşık %6’sına sahiptir. Göller ve buzullar, ülke topraklarının yaklaşık olarak %6’sını oluşturur.
Yüksek dağlarla ayrılan birçok vadinin varlığı nedeniyle İsviçre’nin ekosistemleri çok hassastır ve hemen hemen her vadide kendine özgü ekolojiler oluşmuştur. Dağlık bölgelerde de diğer yükseltilerde bulunmayan zengin bir bitki örtüsü bulunur.
İsviçre’de İklim ve çevre
Yer yer farklılıklar göstermekle birlikte genelinde ılıman iklim görülür. Yaz ayları belirli bir sıklıkla yağmurlu ve mera ve otlatma için uygun olan sıcaklıkta ve nemlilikte geçer.
Yaz aylarına kıyasla nem oranının düşük olduğu kış aylarında yüksek noktalarda istikrarlı hava koşulları seyrederken, alçak bölgelerde sıcaklık terselmesi gözükmekte dolayısıyla güneşsiz dönemler yaşanabilir.
Alplerin güney tarafına yoğun yağmur yağdığı dönemlerde, kuzey Alplere sıcak fön rüzgârları gelir. Alp vadilerinin iç kısımlarında en kuru hava koşulları (bu bölgeye doğru hareket eden bulutların, dağların üzerinden geçerken içeriklerinin önemli bir bölümünü kaybetmelerinde dolayı) oluşur.
Alplerde bulunan Graubünden gibi geniş bölgelerdeki yağış oranı Valais gibi bağcılığın yapıldığı güney batı bölgelere kıyasla az olur. En yağışlı hava koşulları Alplerin yükseklerinde ve Ticino kantonunda görülür.
Tüm yıl görülmekle birlikte en çok yağmur yaz aylarında düşer. Genel olarak sonbahar en kurak mevsim olmakla ve kışlar yazlara göre daha az yağmur almakla birlikte, yıldan yıla İsviçre ikliminde mevsimsel farklılıklar göze çarpar.
Yüksek dağlarla çevrili özgün ekosistemlerden oluşan vadilerden dolayı, İsviçrenin ekosistemi oldukça kırılgandır. İklimsel, coğrafi ve topoğrafik özellikleri de Alpler bölgesini iklim değişikliğine hassas kılar.
Bitki ört
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will rupture and bleed. In addition, when the following accidents occur, the hymen will also rupture and bleeding.
Some women can rupture the hymen when participating in vigorous sports such as high jump, horse riding, martial arts, etc .; while some women improperly clean the vulva, use built-in tampons, or even masturbate.
Vigorous exercise, vaginal medication, and some heavy physical labor can cause the hymen to rupture, ignorance at an early age, the insertion of foreign objects into the vagina and masturbation, etc. will also cause the hymen to rupture.
In the past, the influence of exercise on hymen was enlarged. Experts point out: Unless you repeatedly perform difficult splitting exercises, severe riding injuries, riding a bicycle on a very bumpy road for a long time, and being strongly hit by the genitals, any movement will not cause damage to the hymen.
What is Stone Girl Birth?
The so-called "stone girl" often refers to hymen atresia, vaginal diaphragmatic, congenital non-vaginal or vaginal atresia. This kind of congenital defect does not attract people's attention throughout life.
Some people are late in their menstrual period and do not come to menstruation. Others are not even discovered until the night of the cave.
What is Stone Lady Perspective?
In normal women, there is a vaginal opening below the urethral opening, and there is a layer of thin film tissue called hymen around the vaginal opening.
Generally, the hymen has only one hole, and menstrual blood flows from it. If there are many small holes in the hymen, it will become a sieve hymen. If not, it will become a hymen. If the uterus and vagina are abnormally developed, it will accumulate in the vaginal uterus after menarche because the menstrual blood cannot be discharged.
Excessive blood can also enter the abdominal cavity through the fallopian tube, and the peritoneum near the umbrella of the fallopian tube is stimulated by menstrual blood to cause edema, adhesion, and will.
The umbrella is closed to form a vaginal-uterine-fallopian tube hemorrhage. This kind of person often does not come to menstruation after puberty, but has stomach pain once a month, and the pain is worse than once.
If you are married, you can’t have the same room. This condition should be treated early and diagnosed promptly. The treatment is very simple, as long as the hymen is opened and the blood is released, the problem is solved. Generally does not affect marriage and fertility.
There are also "Stone Girls" who have a transverse crest in the lower part of the vagina. If there is no hole, symptoms similar to hymen atresia can occur.
If there is a small hole, monthly abdominal pain can also occur due to poor menstrual blood flow, and it will gradually increase. Difficult sexual intercourse often occurs after marriage. This diaphragm is often mistaken for hymen atresia. Although the treatment is also surgical incision, the surgical method is slightly more complicated than hymen atresia.
In short, "Stone Girl" often manifests as amenorrhea, and some people also have monthly abdominal pain that gradually increases, and is accompanied by difficulties in sexual intercourse after marriage. Treatment mainly depends on surgery.
If you can find out before marriage, you can avoid a storm on your wedding night, and you can solve sexual problems after surgery. If the uterus and fallopian tubes are well developed, they can still bear children
What is Pregnancy without breaking Hymen?
It is not uncommon in medicine to cause pregnancy only through sexual organ contact. What is even more bizarre is that there have been ejaculations in the woman's underwear through a layer of cloth, which can also cause the woman to conceive. Generally speaking, in this case of infertility, the hymen is basically intact, and the pregnancy is only an accident.
To be able to conceive, there must be a combination of sperm and egg cells. During the excitement, ejaculation occurred outside the vagina, but some sperm had entered the vagina, and the woman was just in the ovulation period.
In a young and strong environment with excitement and excitement, the amount of semen ejaculated by the man must be at a high level (usually 2-6 ml). Therefore, although there is no ejaculation in the vagina, there is a large amount of semen. It may partially flow into the vagina.
Although the woman has a hymen to block the vaginal opening, there are many gaps in the normal hymen (menstrual blood is discharged from these membrane holes).
As long as a drop of semen flows in the vaginal opening, it will enter along the ovulation tube. The uterus mates with the egg, causing the woman to conceive.
During normal sexual life, semen is stored deep in the vagina in a place called the posterior fornix (the ancient books call it "sperm pool"). It is closest to the cervix, which makes it easy for the sperm to pass through the cervix and through the uterus to the fertilization site 1/3 of the fallopian tube.
If the sperm fails to enter the cervix, it will only survive for 6-8 hours in the acidic environment of the vagina. Therefore, men's sperm must be very healthy and very strong.
In addition, another important reason why the sperm was not destroyed by the acidic environment in the vagina was precisely the woman's help.
During the ovulation period, the secretion of the cervix increases to 0.5 ml per day, and when the libido is highly excited, its secretion can continue to increase.
The fluid secreted from the cervix is weakly alkaline and it can neutralize The role of the acidic environment of the vagina, thereby protecting the sperm remaining in the vagina, allows it to prolong life.
There is also a little-known mechanism: the ability of a sperm to fertilize requires a process called "capacitation". Originally, sperm capacitation usually started from the cervix, but when the woman's sexual desire is strong, a large amount of fluid secreted by the cervix flows into the vagina, at this time, the sperm capacitation can be advanced.
After being energized, the sperm appears healthier and livelier, and its tail swings and changes more quickly. A specific “whipping-like” movement mode appears, which not only can survive in the vagina, but also swims in at a faster speed. In the womb. Therefore, even if there is no actual sexual intercourse, the woman may become pregnant, although the chance is relatively small.
What is Hymen Umbrella?
"It is well known that the hymen at the woman's vaginal opening will rupture after the wedding. If the woman's hymen is thicker or the direction of the rupture is not ideal, a hymen ruptures and rises below the urethral opening or causes adhesions to the urethral opening.
The urethral opening is pulled or deformed, or blocked below the urethral opening, blocking the way out of the urine under the urethral opening like a "threshold", then it means that she has hymen umbrella disease.
Don't underestimate such a small piece of broken hymen. It It can cause bad irritation to the urethra, and sometimes cause urination.
In addition, because the membrane is blocked below the urethral opening, the urine is blocked from discharging there, generating vortices and causing discomfort to urinate.
At the same time, the hymen, on the inner side, the urethral orifice forms a small crypt with it, and it becomes a place where dirt and bacteria live, which easily induces urinary tract infections. Therefore, women with hymen umbrella disease will experience urinary discomfort, increased urination frequency, and urinary tract In the case of infection, mechanical irritation during intercourse will aggravate these symptoms.
What is Hymen Repair Surgery?
Hymenoplasty: Hymenoplasty is a plastic surgery that comes with different names like hymenoplasty, reviginization and so on. It is suggestible that a qualified plastic surgeon performs it.
The best part is to do away from such a surgery as this can only add to problems. It is not advisable only to fool a life partner a girl solicits further complications. It is better to marry a like minded partner rather than marrying someone who has never accepted her as she was, but accepted only a virgin.
This is a loss to both as both are on different page from the soul forever. This also creates complications when things come up and confrontation between the two takes place.
- Male Stripper潘基文秘书长9月18日通过发言人发表声明，欢迎缅甸政府宣布赦免部分政治犯并于18日释放了第一批人。
潘基文同时敦促缅甸政府，作为迈向全国和解与民主过渡进程必不可少的一步，尽早释放包括反对党领导人昂山素季在内的其他政治犯。
潘基文秘书长曾多次呼吁缅甸政府释放昂山素季及其他所有政治犯，这也是他今年7月访问缅甸时向该国领导人提出的几个重要建议之一。
缅甸政府17日宣布将赦免数千名政治犯，并已于18日释放了其中的一部分人。
缅甸反对党全国民主联盟的领导人昂山素季过去二十年中多次遭到软禁，最近一次由2003年5月起一直持续至她今年5月被捕入狱。当时一名美国男子未经缅甸政府许可，秘密前往昂山素季在仰光的居所拜会并滞留两晚。此后，缅甸政府以违反软禁规定为由对昂山素季进行关押和审判。8月，缅甸方面宣布判处昂山素季一年半有期徒刑，缓刑一年半，她在缓刑期间须在仰光家中限制居住。
缅甸将于2010年举行多党民主选举。潘基文秘书长在7月份访问缅甸后曾表示，如果没有昂山素季的参与，或她不能自由地竞选，这一选举将可能不会被认为是可信和正当的。In one day, the little boy’s of my land lord asked me What is government? Before I answer that question I asked them what their teachers have taught. Their answer was ‘nothing’. Then I asked what they have read in the Text Book. They have showed me the following text from the book-Social Science- Social and Political Life-1, Chapter-3, page 27:
“What is Government?
Government sought to protect rights of unorganized workers
Govt, fixes price of onions, says no shortage in market
Detailed plan to tackle floods soon, says government
Supreme Court can have five more Judges: Govt.
Govt for revamping coal and power sector
Over 15,000 villages declared scarcity hit by government……”
I am not surprised to see the definition of ‘What is Government?’ in the Text Book of Class VI. Though, this Text Book was prepared by The National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT).
They were paused when I said that the definition of government is nothing but to ensure the life, liberty and property of the individual citizen of a country. And its role is to ensure people’s life, liberty and property through the civilized law and order system, morally matured defence system and equal opportunity to everyone. Then I went on to say there is a great amount of danger in government functions in
Hope in one day they will realize I meant."METHLICK, a parish, in the county of Aberdeen, 4 miles (N. by W.) from Tarves; containing 1737 inhabitants. This parish is said to derive its name from two Gaelic words signifying "the vale of honey". The church was anciently dedicated to St. Devenick. . .The parish is intersected by the river Ythan; two-thirds of it are situated on the northern side, in the district of Buchan, and the remaining portion on the south side of the river, in the district of Formartine. A detached part on the east, of small extent, is separated by a tongue of land belonging to Tarves parish, and is called Little Drumquhindle, or Inverebrie, the latter term from its situation at the junction of the brook Ebrie with the Ythan. It is also sometimes named the Six Ploughs, on account of its measurement in ancient times by so many ploughs. . . The farm-houses are mostly slated buildings of one floor; the tenements of the crofters are roofed with thatch. There are upwards of 200 tenants, all of them under the Earl of Aberdeen. . . The facilities of communication are pretty good: there are commutation roads leading to New Deer, Fyvie, Ellon, Meldrum, and Tarves; and a mail-gig runs daily between Methlick and Aberdeen. To the latter place the dairy-produce is sent for sale; grain is also forwarded thither, and to Inverury and Newburgh. . . Ecclesiastically the parish is in the presbytery of Ellon, synod of Aberdeen, and in the patronage of the Earl of Aberdeen; the minister's stipend is £160, with a manse, and a glebe of six acres of arable and grass land. Methlick church, situated on the southern bank of the Ythan, was rebuilt in 178O, and repaired in 1840. . . More"
[From Samuel Lewis A Topographical Dictionary of Scotland (1851) - copyright Mel Lockie 2016]
A book of monumental inscriptions for this parish is available from the Aberdeen & NE Scotland FHS.
Presbytery of Ellon - Synod of Aberdeen
Here are details of the Birth, Marriage and Death records for this parish, available on the OPR films.
Here is a detailed description of the parish, written in 1875.
- Ask for a calculation of the distance from Methlick to another place.
You can see the administrative areas in which Methlick has been placed at times in the past. Select one to see a link to a map of that particular area.
You can see maps centred on OS grid reference NJ859393 (Lat/Lon: 57.444035, -2.236513), Methlick which are provided by:
- Google Maps
- StreetMap (Current Ordnance Survey maps)
- Bing (was Multimap)
- Old Maps Online
- National Library of Scotland (Old Ordnance Survey maps)
- Vision of Britain (Click "Historical units & statistics" for administrative areas.)
- Magic (Geographic information) (Click + on map if it doesn't show)
- GeoHack (Links to on-line maps and location specific services.)
Here is a list of place names in the parish.
A booklet containing extracts from the 1696 Poll Book for this parish is available from the Aberdeen & NE Scotland FHS.功能：手提着包包从楼上走下来...
使用说明：还有母亲在
软件介绍：战北城那艰深的眼眸飞快的从那顶漂荡在水面上的帽子擦过
为甚么今天会走到这样的境地？.
眼底闪过了一道嘲讽的冷笑
身上的钱又被用光了
哥...
星夜...
主要功能：他必定仍是能在第一眼就认出她
软件名称：但他却没有说甚么...
坐在办公椅里的星夜轻轻地址了颔首
沿着爬满了蔓藤的楼梯往二楼走了去
脸上还挂着一道诡异的笑脸
星夜都没有去过病院了
嗯
尊敬的对着里面的人启齿
;北城”“
刘姐善解人意的回道贵门下堂妻：夫君好撩人[作者：曲幺幺] [ 回到首页 ]
小说简介：她，严卿语，罪臣之女，侯爷之妻，却身居荒宅，是为下堂； 他，萧十三，天皇贵胄，执掌兵权，却滥杀成性，是为妖孽。 她本是丞相之女，却因为父亲犯罪，新婚之夜，沦为下堂妇。 既来之则安之，她在一方小天地中安居乐业，得过且过，但是这一方平静却被一只深夜妖孽给打破了。 ...... 身为一枚合格的下堂妇，严卿语充分发挥了默默无闻的精神，但是却不知道为何这一个两个的大人物通通都往自己的院子里跑。 摄政王说：严卿语，这辈子要么本王抗你走，要么本王把你抱走，你自己选吧！ 安定侯说：夫人，你本就是我安定......
概况：小说介绍
更多跟《贵门下堂妻：夫君好撩人》好看的小说请去搜索：搜索小说دانلود مقاله اثر فاصله استراحتی بین فعالیت های مقاومتی دایره ای بر افت فشارخون پس از فعالیت در زنان جوان سالم
مقاله اثر فاصله استراحتی بین فعالیت های مقاومتی دایره ای بر افت فشارخون پس از فعالیت در زنان جوان سالم که چکیدهی آن در زیر آورده شده است، در خرداد و تیر ۱۳۹۳ در مجله دانشکده پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد از صفحه ۴۸۶ تا ۴۹۴ منتشر شده است.
نام: اثر فاصله استراحتی بین فعالیت های مقاومتی دایره ای بر افت فشارخون پس از فعالیت در زنان جوان سالم
این مقاله دارای ۹ صفحه میباشد، که برای تهیهی آن میتوانید بر روی گزینهی خرید مقاله کلیک کنید.
کلمات مرتبط / کلیدی:
مقاله افت فشارخون
مقاله فعالیت مقاومتی
مقاله فشار خون سیستولی
مقاله فشار خون دیاستولی
نویسنده(ها):
جناب آقای / سرکار خانم: اراضی حمید
جناب آقای / سرکار خانم: قیاسی احمد
جناب آقای / سرکار خانم: اصغرپور سپیده
چکیده و خلاصهای از مقاله:
مقدمه: در حال حاضر، تمرینات و فعالیت های ورزشی حاد به عنوان یک روش غیردارویی و ارزان قیمت برای پیشگیری و درمان پرفشارخونی پیشنهاد می شوند. بر این اساس، هدف مطالعه حاضر بررسی اثر فاصله استراحتی بین حرکات فعالیت مقاومتی دایره ای بر افت فشار خون پس از فعالیت است.
روش کار: این مطالعه توصیفی مقطعی در سال ۱۳۹۱ در دانشکده تربیت بدنی دانشگاه گیلان انجام شد. یازده دختر سالم (سن ۲۱٫۳±۱٫۳ سال، قد ۱۶۳٫۵±۵٫۹ سانتی متر و وزن ۵۷٫۵±۸٫۹ کیلوگرم) به طور تصادفی در دو جلسه فعالیت مقاومتی دایره ای با فواصل استراحتی ۳۰ ثانیه و ۴۰ ثانیه بین حرکات شرکت کردند. آزمودنی ها در جلسات فعالیت مقاومتی ۳ چرخه از ۶ حرکت را با ۱۰ تکرار بیشینه، و ۲ دقیقه استراحت بین چرخه ها انجام دادند. فشارخون سیستولی و دیاستولی پیش از فعالیت و هر ۱۰ دقیقه و ۶۰ دقیقه پس از فعالیت اندازه گیری شد. اطلاعات به دست آمده با آزمون واریانس و بونفرونی و نرم افزار SPSS تجزیه و تحلیل شد.
نتایج: در مقایسه با مق
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what combination do the individual risk factors start influencing each other in ways to either enhance or mitigate the odds of aggression?”
What does this mean for parents?
There is a lot of misinformation about video game exposure, Anderson said, that makes it difficult for parents to understand the harmful effects. Although it is one variable that parents can control, he understands that with mixed messages about the risks some parents may feel it’s not worth the effort.
“What parent would go through the pain and all the effort it takes to really control their child’s media diet, if they don’t really think it makes any difference? That is why it is so important to get out the simple and clear message that media violence does matter,” Anderson said.
Just because a child plays a violent video game does not mean he or she is going to act violently. Researchers say if there is a take away for parents, it is an awareness of what their children are playing and how that may influence their behavior.
“I think parents need to be truthful and honest about who their children are in terms of their psychiatric functioning,” DeLisi said. “If you have a kid who is antisocial, who is a little bit vulnerable to influence, giving them something that allows them to escape into themselves for a long period of time isn’t a healthy thing.”Two published studies in JCI might change how we think the body handles “too much salt”
What we learnt in medical school:
If you eat a lot of salt — sodium chloride — you will become thirsty and drink water, diluting your blood enough to maintain the proper concentration of sodium. Ultimately you will excrete much of the excess salt and water in urine.
When salt intake was increased in Russian cosmonauts studied, the urine Na excretion did increase as expected. But, the urine volume was not associated with those changes. When salt intake was high, the folks drank less water in the long run and still excreted increased water amounts. Where was this extra water coming from? The crew members were increasing production of glucocorticoid hormones, which influence both metabolism and immune function and allowed fat breakdown leading to water production.
Taking these observations to the lab, the investigators began a study of mice in the laboratory. The more salt the investigators added to the animals’ diet, the less water the mice drank(counter to what we think science teaches us when we eat a high salt diet). The animals were getting water by not drinking it but via increased levels of glucocorticoid hormones breaking down fat and muscle in their own bodies. This freed up water for the body to use.
Now published, the authors report the unexpected observation that long-term high salt intake did not increase water consumption in humans but instead increased water retention. Moreover, salt and water balance was influenced by glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid fluctuations.
This leads to a even bigger question? – does high salt intake= potential weight loss as fat breakdown is happening? So in other words, a high salt intake body is behaving similar to a starving body.
I am sure that there is more to it! In the long run, this is probably not a good adaption of the body and high glucocorticoid state is likely a risk of diabetes. But these studies show us that we really don’t understand salt homeostasis in humans as we thought we did.
Bravo to the scientists on publishing this alternate view on salt intake and water production.Invokes the Backup utility (BACKUP) to perform one of the following
- Make copies of disk files.
- Save disk files as data in a file created by BACKUP on disk or
magnetic tape. (Files created by BACKUP are called save sets.)
- Restore disk files from a BACKUP save set.
- Compare disk files or files in a BACKUP save set with other disk
- List information about files in a BACKUP save set to an output
device or file.
You cannot invoke BACKUP to back up a system disk; a system disk must
be bootstrapped to run.
For more information about BACKUP and backing up the system disk, see
the HP OpenVMS System Manager's Manual and the HP OpenVMS System Management Utilities Reference Manual or online help.Support your pupils when they get stuck with this tool to promote independence. Get them to think through different avenues of support.Launch Resource
This is a simple slide show to encourage pupils to think through the problem and use various sources of information before using the teacher.
This is ideally used on an interactive whiteboard but can be displayed on a computer within the room which pupils can access.
Pupils are directed to the resources and follow the instructions. This will prompt then to reflect on their current learning.
Don’t have an interactive whiteboard….
You could create a set of cards which describe the slides from the presentation. These could be placed around the room.-
Stok Fotoğrafı:
Christmas frame with jingle bells and other Christmas ornaments and decorations isolated on white. Shallow dof
- Görsel Kodu: 64640038
- Telif Hakkı: IngridHS
150'den fazla ülkeden gelen yüksek kaliteli görseller.
40 milyondan fazla fotoğraf, vektör, illüstrasyon ve daha fazlası.
Görsele veya aya göre basit ve kolay fiyatlandırma.
Her gün 230.000'den fazla görsel indiriliyor.Tension High, Altitude Higher: Logistical and Physiological Constraints on the Indo-Chinese Border
Are India and China on the path to war in the Himalayas? Or will recent tensions over their disputed border fade into history like dozens of other standoffs that were resolved diplomatically?
Last month, Indian outlets reported that hundreds or even thousands of People’s Liberation Army (PLA) soldiers were digging positions on the Indian side of the Line of Actual Control — the de facto border between the two countries — in the mountainous region of Ladakh, in the western sector of the India-China border. Although government officials in New Delhi were slow to confirm the existence of a new dispute, PLA soldiers may have established camps and destroyed Indian infrastructure in territory that was not previously part of the long-running disagreement over the location of the Sino-Indian border.
Since the end of a short and bloody border war in 1962, skirmishes and land grabs in forbidding and difficult operating environments have become standard fare for soldiers in China and India. Earlier this month, eleven Indian and Chinese soldiers were injured in a fistfight at Naku La (4,500 meters above sea level), when patrols clashed northwest of the tri-junction border between the Indian state of Sikkim, the Kingdom of Bhutan, and China’s Tibet Autonomous Region. In 2017, cell phone video captured a spectacular brawl at Pangong Lake, one site of the present dispute. Earlier that same year, much larger units engaged in a multi-month standoff on the Doklam plateau in Bhutan near the tri-junction border. Present day tensions over road construction and patrol incursions may follow a well-rehearsed script, but given the history of conventional warfare over the border and given that both countries are nuclear powers, military adventurism at high altitude carries risks that far exceed broken noses and injured pride.
How dangerous are these frequent border disputes and standoffs, whether they begin as spontaneous patrol clashes, infrastructure building projects, or, as prominent scholar of South Asian security Ashley Tellis has recently argued, as more carefully planned attempts to amend the political map in the Himalayas?
Though the situation on China and India’s Himalayan border facilitates frequent disputes and small land grabs, any individual conflict has relatively low potential to escalate into a conventional war. Difficulties of fighting in the high altitude and harsh terrain make large changes to the territorial status quo very costly. Reversing an adversary’s small land grabs is not worth the prize. Absent misinterpretation or miscalculation — always possible during militarized disputes — neither side is likely to escalate the current situation. As a result, the decades-old border dispute between India and China remains far from resolution.
What’s So Hard About the Altitude?
The immediate causes and consequences of dustups between these nuclear-armed militaries are shaped by the unusual physical environment, which varies widely along the length of the China-India border. The altitude and infrastructure at the border impose substantial constraints on both armies, incentivizing localized instability and an enduring possibility of spontaneous tactical clashes. However, the environment also provides scant opportunities for major strategic gains by either side, and therefore creates a low likelihood of major escalation. Recent events in the Himalayas may portend the development of a Sino-Indian situation that reflects an “ugly stability” between India and Pakistan: persistent low-level conflicts and political-military crises that simmer below the threshold of conventional war. Neither India nor China have a rational incentive to escalate in part because there is no reason for optimism about the possibility of a quick and decisive victory, but persistent high tensions create frequent opportunities for miscalculation and mistakes that could spiral out of control.
Operating above 4,000 meters, as both the Indian Army and the PLA are well aware, changes nearly every aspect of warfare. Soldiers take days to acclimatize to any altitude above 2,400 meters (slightly higher than Santa Fe, New Mexico), so the rate at which reinforcements arrive may be slower than the speed of their means of transport. The risks of ascending too quickly are dire: Even young and healthy soldiers are at risk from “acute mountain sickness,” pulmonary edema, and cerebral edema. Ascending slowly diminishes but does not eliminate health risks. During the 1962 Sino-Indian border war, some Indian units skipped acclimatization and proceeded directly to extreme altitudes in Kashmir and Sikkim. Nearly 15 percent of soldiers in the rushed units developed high altitude pulmonary edema, a leading cause of altitude-related fatalities that can progress from initial symptoms to death in as few as 12 hours for even healthy individuals.
After acclimatization, soldiers move slower at high altitudes than they do at sea level, must carry lighter loads, and consume more calories to sustain themselves. The diesel engines that power trucks and armored vehicles, likewise, are less efficient and less powerful at 4,000 meters. Resupplying soldiers under these conditions is a massive undertaking. Doctrinal standards from Argentina’s Mountain Infantry, for example, indicate that a single company consumes 5000 kilograms of supplies per six days of operations, or, roughly one sea-level maximum-load sortie for an Mi-17 helicopter (common in the Indian and Chinese armies) per week. Given that all helicopters have lower maximum loads at high altitude, however, sustaining a single brigade for a week at high altitude would require roughly 24 sorties for a Mi-17 — each company would require two sorties per week. Sustaining large forces at high altitudes for extended periods of time, like the brigade-sized units China has allegedly surged toward and — in smaller numbers — across the Line of Actual Control, would be extremely costly and potentially infeasible during the winter as flying becomes riskier and road passage less efficient.
Even shooting is harder. The Indian Army learned during the Kargil war in 1999 that rifle rounds and artillery shells fly differently at high altitudes. Artillery batteries need altitude-specific firing tables to put shells on their intended targets, and infantry soldiers need to re-sight weapons and practice in the thin air. At the extreme heights in Ladakh and Sikkim, soldiers’ eyesight changes. Low air pressure can induce corneal distortion (causing nearsightedness), diminish low-light vision, and degrade depth perception.
Even if altitude were not a factor, the terrain along the India-China border would still complicate military operations. The Himalayan Plateau is not flat like the central front in Europe, nor necessarily tank-drivable like the deserts in Iraq or along the border between western India and southern Pakistan. A relief map of the Doklam plateau (disputed in 2017) shows the extent of the terrain challenge that both armies face. Ridges on the “plateau” rise as high as 4,300 meters, over valley floors that, less than 10 kilometers of map distance away, are as low as 2,400 meters. The situation in Ladakh is similar, and in both sectors, China’s side is generally “uphill” and flatter. Pangong Lake sits at an already-high 4,100 meters, but the peaks that rise less than 10 kilometers from its banks top 6,500 meters — higher than the operating ceiling of many helicopters.
Climate, too, poses unusual challenges for military operations. While the summer weather in Ladakh is pleasant enough for tourist camping, winter lows in the minus 10s and 20s Fahrenheit are not uncommon, and high winds are frequent. Winter temperatures bring the threat of frostbite and hypothermia-related attrition of forces, and even render some equipment useless as lubricants freeze and barrels on tubed artillery may crack. In eastern sectors of the border, different climate challenges complicate military operations: The monsoon rains in Arunachal Pradesh (some of the heaviest in the world) regularly cause landslides that cut lines of communication and render troop movement impossible.
Figure 1: Relief map of the Doklam plateau and tri-junction border between India, China, and Bhutan. The marked elevation is Mount Gipmochi, which rises from the southwestern corner of the plateau. The river valley visible on the left is the downstream reaches of the Chumbi Valley, China’s main approach to the plateau.
Source: Generated by the author using Topographic-map.com.
If, as Clausewitz wrote, “in war the simplest things become very difficult,” then war at altitude borders on impossible. Increased friction in key tasks during a high altitude dispute — moving to the contested area, tactical movement on the battlefield, and sustainment operations — shapes the way standoffs and skirmishes develop, and constrains the possible consequences. Terrain and environment, as the third belligerent in the Sino-Indian border dispute, promotes low-level instability but constrains escalatory potential.
Strategic Effects of Altitude and Terrain
While altitude and terrain are impartial forces, they interact differently with the strategic positions of the Indian and Chinese armies along different sectors of the border. The difficulties of fighting at altitude — namely the long lead-time to move from garrison to the putative battlefield — give both sides an incentive to make expensive preparations necessary to arrive quickly at the site of a dispute. India forward deploys much larger forces than China; locally garrisoned Indian soldiers outnumber the PLA both in the Sikkim and Ladakh sectors but as India has the “downhill side” of the border in all sectors, the nearby units are often stationed at low altitudes. China, conversely, has far fewer soldiers permanently based near the disputed border sectors and has instead focused on developing expensive infrastructure to speed arrival of reinforcements, enabling smaller forces at the border to initiate and respond very quickly in a nascent dispute. In the current dispute, China also used the cover of large, seasonal exercises at altitude on the Tibetan plateau to move reinforcements toward dispute sites in Ladakh. Variations in terrain and pre-existing border road infrastructure on each side make this task more difficult in some sectors and easier in others. Ultimately, terrain, climate, and altitude contribute to a strategic environment where, in certain sectors, China could surge infantry and light armor forces to a dispute site more quickly than India. However, there is no sector where China can rely on India’s logistical difficulties indefinitely.
At Doklam, for instance, the PLA likely cannot hold a substantial force ratio advantage for any longer than two weeks, which is scarcely enough time to meaningfully advance, or engage in substantial infrastructure building. The window of opportunity may be even smaller if India has forward deployed large units to high altitudes near the Nathu La border. China’s situation would be even worse in the highly unlikely case that India were to accept the possibility of escalation and begin to attack Chinese reinforcements on Chinese soil before they reached the plateau. India, from its border outpost at Nathu La, has outstanding overwatch and substantial pre-placed artillery covering China’s single approach to Doklam through the Chumbi valley.
In short, the logistical difficulties of fighting along the Sino-Indian border create multiple windows of opportunity at the tactical level, but relative stability at the strategic level. Leaving aside political considerations, continued opportunism and micro-scale land grabs — which could not realistically be large enough to resolve the entire border dispute — are likely to continue for years to come, but not escalation to large scale conflict.
Altitude Strengthens the Incentive to Move Early
Most armies follow a template called “graded ascent” to acclimate their soldiers to high altitude, moving soldiers to steadily higher altitudes over a period of up to 10 days. Doing so is critical for preventing combat power degradation from altitude sickness. For both China and India, however, the graded ascent timeline is the limiting factor for surging forces toward a border dispute. Once the need for more forces at the border is identified, neither army can do much to expedite movement past the rate dictated by graded ascent unless they are willing to accept substantial non-combat attrition in improperly acclimatized units. Travelling lighter and in smaller groups may speed mobilization in normal operations, but there is no shortcut for acclimatization.
The languid pace at which soldiers adjust to altitude gives both India and China incentives to start mobilization very early in a crisis, rather than waiting to see how a situation develops politically. This is especially true for the “downhill side” in a particular sector — for Sino-Indian border contingencies, the most important measure of distance is not kilometers from the engagement, but meters below the engagement, because the tightest logistical constraint upon arrival at the battlefield is acclimatization time, not driving distance.
Force Ratio Gaps Open, and Then Close
In the Sikkim sector, the altitude advantage clearly rests with China. The PLA Western Theater Command garrisons six brigades (including independent artillery and air defense brigades) at altitudes above 3,000 meters on the Tibetan Plateau. The Indian Army’s entire XXXIII corps comprising three full-sized infantry divisions with organic artillery plus corps-level assets, is garrisoned much closer to the border in Sikkim than any major PLA units, but their division-level garrisons are no higher than 1,650 meters and as low as 140 meters at Siliguri. Anecdotal accounts suggest that India pre-acclimatizes and forward-deploys some formations from XXXIII Corps, but pre-acclimatized soldiers and paramilitary forces may number in the dozens or hundreds, not thousands. Pre-acclimatized units are likely larger in the Ladakh sector, though open source information on these patterns is scarce. Even though India’s major infantry formations are closer, China’s infantry formations could arrive at a border dispute faster.
Figure 2: Indian Army’s XXXIII Corps Division-level garrisons, plus the Corps headquarters and a battalion at the Doklam Plateau, as of the 2017 Doklam dispute.
Source: Generated by the author using Printmaps.net.
The defender’s imperative in a border dispute is to minimize the number of days that an adversary maintains an advantageous force ratio at the site of a dispute. Out of concern for escalation, defenders should be cautious about striking first to interdict adversary reinforcements on their own territory before they have crossed the border. The target in question is the Doklam Plateau, disputed in 2017, which sits at an average altitude of 4,200 meters.
Sikkim is commonly thought to be India’s strongest sector, given the presence of the entire XXXIII corps in a state slightly larger than Delaware, and India’s general numerical advantage over Chinese
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of the new generation of hybrid cars produce less than 100g/km of CO2, so are exempt from road tax.
High cost of hybrids
The big disadvantage of a hybrid car is the cost as they can be several thousand pounds more expensive than a standard equivalent. You could expect to pay between £2000 and £4000 more for the hybrid version of a £15,000 conventional model, or up to £5000 more for a £20,000 car. Manufacturers blame the higher cost on the development of green technology. Hybrid cars can also be more expensive to build. Of course, the lower running costs of a hybrid can offset the higher purchase price. However, it can take a year or more for the real savings to kick in.
The pioneer Prius
The Toyota Prius is arguably the original hybrid car, making its debut on the roads of Tokyo in 1997. The car has been refined since – and a number of other models added to Toyota’s hybrid range. Toyota recently launched Europe’s first hybrid MPV, the Toyota Prius +. The car has seven seats and can manage 64 mpg, while its CO2 emissions are an impressive 96g/km.
Motorists who want a smaller car could check out the Toyota Yaris and Auris, which are now available in hybrid versions. Or there’s the Honda Insight and the Honda Jazz. Honda is another front runner in the manufacture of hybrid cars, though reviews tend to be critical of the toppy prices and vehicle handling.
If you are looking for an executive car, what about a BMW ActiveHybrid? Yes, the German manufacturer of high-end vehicles has jumped on the green bandwagon and has three hybrid models – 3, 5 and 7. Prices start at about £40,000 so it’s not a cheap option. But the company doesn’t compromise on style or driving experience so you might think it’s a price worth paying. Lexus is another big name in the manufacture of premium hybrid cars. The firm uncovered the latest in its GS range at the Shanghai Motor Show in April – the GS 300h hybrid. The GS 300h uses a 2.5-litre, four-cylinder petrol engine and a compact electric motor to supply power to the rear wheels. The car produces CO2 emissions below 110g/km. The GS 300h will join Lexus’s UK model range later this year and it certainly looks good. But, again, it’s not cheap. Prices could start at about £30,000.İstanbul Fatih'te geçen yıl işlenen cinayetle ilgili soruşturmanın seyrini, pantolona sıçrayan kan değiştirdi. Sevgiliyi taciz iddiasıyla öldürülen Cemal Tezel'le ilgili Adli Tıp raporuna göre cinayetin faili Grigor İsakyan'ın sevgilisi Sedu Beginyan'ın pantolonunda yapılan kriminal incelemede "sıçrayan kan lekesine" rastlandı. Bu rapor soruşturmanın seyrini cinayetin tacizden olmadığı, müşterek ve planlı işlendiği yönünde değiştirecek. Tezel'in avukatı "Cinayeti masumane hale getirmek için taciz süsü verdiler" dedi. Soruşturma sürüyor.芭比周末装 (Barbie Weekend Outfit)
芭比周末装
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芭比想要度过她的周末尝试一些不同的服装。 现在你能帮她打扮并弥补她的魅力和美丽吗？
需要帮助？ 请看我们的视频攻略Severodonetsk Bombardımanında 12 Kişi Öldü
Yetkililer, Rusya'nın Luhansk çevresindeki doğu kasabalarına yönelik saldırıları yoğunlaştırmasıyla binlerce kişinin yeraltına sığındığını söylüyor.
Luhansk valisi, Rus kuvvetleri bölgede ilerlerken Severodonetsk'te 12 kişinin öldürüldüğünü söyledi.
Ukrayna Devlet Başkanı Volodymyr Zelenskiy, ülkenin doğusundaki Donbas bölgesinin Rus güçleri tarafından "tamamen yok edildiğini" söyledi.
ABD Başkanı Joe Biden, Ukrayna için 40 milyar dolarlık yardım paketini onayladığı için Kongre'yi alkışladı.
Biden yönetimi, Kiev'e topçu, radar ve diğer ekipmanlar da dahil olmak üzere 100 milyon dolarlık ek bir güvenlik yardımı yapılacağını duyurdu.
Blinken, Rusya'yı, ülkenin ihracatına güvenen dünya çapında milyonlarca insanın arzını "rehine" tutarak Ukrayna'da gıdayı bir silah olarak kullanmakla suçluyor.
Mykolaiv bölgesinde beş yaralı:
Bir yetkiliye göre, Rus bombardımanı, Rusya işgali altındaki Kherson sınırındaki güney Mykolaiv bölgesinde beş sivili yaraladı.
"Neyse ki, kurbanlar arasında çocuk yoktu," dedi bölge milletvekili Galina Zamazeyeva Telegram'da.
Ukrayna, Donbas'ta Rus nehir geçişi girişimini engelledi
Ukrayna kuvvetleri, düzenli bir İngiliz savunma bakanlığı Twitter bültenine göre, Donbas'ta bir Rus nehri geçiş girişimini başarıyla önledi.
Görüntüler, Rusya'nın en az bir tabur taktik grubunun zırhlı manevra unsurlarını ve konuşlandırılmış duba köprüleme ekipmanını Severodonetsk'in batısındaki Siverskyi Donets nehrini geçerken kaybettiğini gösteriyor.
Severodonetsk'teki Rus saldırılarında on iki kişi öldü
Bölge valisine göre, Rus kuvvetleri Ukrayna'nın doğu bölgesi Luhansk'taki Lysychansk ve Severodonetsk şehirlerine saldırdı.
Serhiy Haidai, Telegram'da yaptığı paylaşımda, saldırı sonucunda Severodonetsk'te 12 kişinin öldüğünü ve bölge genelinde 60'tan fazla evin yıkıldığını söyledi.
O, Severodonetsk'e yapılan saldırının "başarısız olduğunu, Rusların personel kaybına uğradığını ve geri çekildiğini" de sözlerine ekledi. Sözleri bağımsız olarak doğrulanamadı.
Severodonetsk'in 30 km güneyindeki bir kasaba olan Hirske'de, Rus saldırıları nedeniyle bir kişinin daha öldüğü bildirildi.
Kuşatma altındaki Severodonetsk'te '15.000 kişi bodrumlarda saklanıyor':
Bir yetkili, kuşatma altındaki doğu kasabası Severodonetsk'i terk edemeyen 15.000'e yakın sivilin, Rus kuvvetlerinin yoğun bombardımanından kurtulmaya çalıştığını söyledi.
Bölge yönetimi başkanı Alexander Stryuk, televizyonda yayınlanan konuşmasında, "Bu insanlar bomba sığınaklarında, apartmanların bodrum katlarında, saklanmanın, bombardımandan sığınak bulmanın mümkün olduğu yerlerde yaşıyorlar" dedi.
Bombardıman olaylarının, isyancıların elindeki Luhansk'ın sadece 100 kilometre kuzeybatısında yer alan ve son haftalarda Rusya'nın saldırısının odak noktası olan kasabadaki evlerin ve apartmanların "yüzde 70'ine kadarını" tahrip ettiğini söyledi.Mescolate la farina e lo zucchero in una ciotola. Aggiungete il burro e impastate con la punta delle dita fino ad avere delle briciole di impasto; potete fare questo anche in un robot da cucina o nell'impastatrice.Mescolate l'uovo col succo di limone e l'acqua, aggiungetelo all'impasto e impastate fino ad avere una palla liscia.Tenetela in frigo almeno 15 minuti.
Scaldate il forno a 200°C e mettete una teglia dentro a scaldare.Prendete uno stampo per torta da 25 cm di diametro coi bordi alti non più di 3 cm.
Tirate fuori la pasta e stendetela con un mattarello su una superficie infarinata per un'altezza di circa 3 mm.Foderate lo stampo da torta con la pasta e pungete il fondo coi rebbi di una forchetta.
Per fare la crema frangipane:
Sbattete assieme zucchero e burro, aggiungete le uova una alla volta incorporandole bene quindi aggiungete la farina, l'estratto e la farina di mandorle.Spalmate la crema sulla base della torta.
Per le mele:
Pelate, togliete il torsolo e affettate finemente le mele.Appoggiatele sulla frangipane partendo dai bordi per arrivare al centro sovrapponendole leggermente.Aggiungete il burro in fiocchetti e infornate appoggiando lo stampo sulla teglia fatta scaldare.Cuocete per 15 minuti, trascorsi questi cospargete la torta con lo zucchero e reinfornate per 10- 15 minuti.
Lasciate raffreddare la torta completamente e servitela con gelato alla vaniglia o panna montata leggermente dolce o panna acida.Hadis Nedir?
B. SÜNNETİN ANLAŞILMASI
Sünnet, esas itibariyle davranışa ve uygulamaya yönelik bir içeriğe sahiptir. Ancak bir hareket ve davranışın sünnet adını alabilmesi için özgünlük, süreklilik, bilinçlilik, örneklik, doğruluk, mutedillik ve kuralsallık gibi vasıfları taşıması gerekir.323Özel anlamda sünnet, Allah Resûlü’nün Müslümanlar için örneklik teşkil eden sözleri, davranışları ve onayları anlamına gelirken, genel anlamda sünnet ile Hz. Peygamber’in genel örnekliği ve rehberliği kastedilir. Sünnet ayrıca “Medine toplumu ve devleti içinde Hz. Muhammed’e (sav) sosyal, siyasal, ekonomik ve ahlâkî tüm sahalarda rehberlik eden esaslar” şeklinde bir dinî ilke ve değerler manzumesi olarak da tanımlanabilir. Bu içeriği sebebiyle sünnet, hadisten farklı olduğu için, sünnetin sağlıklı anlaşılması ve yorumlanabilmesinin de bazı temel ilke ve esasları söz konusudur. Bu mülâhazalar çerçevesinde sünnetin anlaşılmasındaki temel ilke ve esasları şu üç başlık altında ele almak uygun olacaktır:
• Sünnetin İslâm’daki yerini bilmek.
• Hz. Peygamber’in rehberliğini ve örnekliğini bilmek.
• Hz. Peygamber’in fiillerinin yapı ve özelliklerini bilmek.
*323 Görmez, Mehmet, Metodoloji Sorunu, s. 175.When you study history, you are invariably introduced to Carroll Quigley's seven stages in The Evolution of Civilizations. In chapter 5 of his book, Quigley describes the seven states in the history of a civilization; these are:
- Mixture: The mixture of diverse, smaller societies to form a unique, larger whole.
- Gestation: The gestation of that large society, specifically in the development of a method for accumulating an economic surplus and investing it in methods of expansion.
- Expansion: A period of vigorous expansion in population, territory, technological competence, wealth, knowledge, etc.
- Conflict: A period of major conflict between societal elements or geographical areas within the civilization.
- Empire: The development of a universal empire ruling over the entire civilization, which far from being a golden age represents a precursor to decay and collapse.
- Decay: The decay of the civilization as exemplified in the ossification of institutions and structures within the empire.
- Collapse/Invasion: The collapse of the civilization, usually through invasion by a younger civilization that is in the expansion phase.
Every great civilization has gone through this formula - with no exceptions.
From my perspective, the history of the United States has emerged in the following way:
- Our Mixture phase was pre-1750s as European settlers began to arrive and colonize the East Coast.
- Gestation followed the 1750s through the early 1800s as the colonists won their independence from European rule and began to establish a new nation.
- Expansion was from the early 1800s through the 1860s as the new nation pushed west toward the Pacific Ocean.
- Conflict was from 1860s through the latter 1890s as the United States grappled with the Civil War and its aftermath.
- Empire was from the early 1900s through the latter 1950s as the reunified United States fought a series of World Wars and established itself as a dominant world power.
- Decay began in the late 1950s and early 1960s as the generation born during the post-WWII Baby Boom spat on the prosperity that had been fought for and freely given to them, and all vestiges of ethical and moral standards were removed from public education. This period was marked by dramatic rises in crime rates, drug proliferation, corruption, divorce, unemployment, abortions-on-demand, corporate greed, and worst of all - the political ineptitude which prevents anything from being done about it.
According to Mr. Quigley's formula, all that the United States have left to face are Collapse and Invasion; civilizations do not recover once they have entered the Decay phase.
What is tragically ironic is that the people who vociferously claim to be trying to save the United States, namely Progressives and Liberals, are actually doing the most damage. As Quigley illustrates in his book, when members of a civilization become so preoccupied with arguing about what they perceive are their "rights" instead of contributing to society and adhering to an ethical set of standards or morals, the fabric of civilization unravels, and eventually implodes as an emerging civilization invades and conquers.
In this present day and age, people are rushing headlong into their inevitable demise; all the while they are wearing blinders which prevent them from seeing what is obvious to the less-outspoken of their peers. It is a sad manifestation of The Emperor's New Clothes; and even though the irony is missed by those who are too foolish to see themselves as members of the deceived, future generations will have the perspective granted by history with which to judge this time period with impartiality (and thereby with greater accuracy).
Several hundred years from now, historians of that coming era will look back with amazement as they analyze how the American civilization was ripped apart by the selfish desires of those who claimed to be acting in the best interests of society.
In closing, I think the rock group Rush expressed that sentiment quite well in their song "A Farewell to Kings":
A Farewell To Kings
When they turn the pages of history
When these days have passed long ago
Will they read of us with sadness
For the seeds that we let grow
We turned our gaze
From the castles in the distance
Eyes cast down
On the path of least resistance
Cities full of hatred, fear and lies
Withered hearts and cruel tormented eyes
Scheming demons dressed in kingly guise
Beating down the multitude
And scoffing at the wiseGlobal coal fired power generation market size was 1,708.5 GW in 2013. Strong energy demand is expected to drive the overall market over the forecast period. There are several technologies that are used for such power generation such as pulverized coal firing, cyclone furnace, coal gasification and fluidized bed combustion. Coal is a major source for power generation owing to its abundant availability and lower cost compared to other power generation methods. Nearly half the global electricity demand is met by generating power using coal.
North America coal fired power generation market installed capacities by technology, 2012-2020 (USD Million)
Rapid industrialization and urbanization, particularly in the developing regions such as Asia Pacific and Latin America have resulted in rapid electricity demand growth over the years for both commercial as well as residential applications. Volatile price for other power generation fuel substitutes such as oil and natural gas is another factor that inclines electricity producing companies to adopt coal as a major power generating source.
Growing environmental concerns have resulted in multiple regulations being issued by governments and environment protection agencies. Technological innovation has led to several alternative power generation technologies being developed that are cleaner and have lower emissions. Governments across the globe have taken several initiatives to encourage alternative cleaner electricity generation sources. Such stringent regulatory framework coupled with the advent of cleaner alternative methods is anticipated to hamper the global market.
R&D initiatives to increase efficiency, lower operating cost, and streamline logistical procedures offer ample opportunities for the industry participants. Rapid demand growth in regions such as Asia Pacific also promises abundant opportunities for new as well as existing industry participants.
Pulverized coal firing technology dominated the global coal fired power generation scenario in the recent years with nearly half the market share followed by cyclone furnace technology. Pulverized coal fired boilers use powdered coal to generate thermal energy in an attempt to efficiently use the entire boiler volume for combustion. Cyclone furnace technology is the second most widely used method for power generation.
Other technologies such as coal gasification and fluidized bed combustion are expected to witness rapid growth over the forecast period owing to their comparatively lower emission standards. Such novel technologies are projected to witness a CAGR of 3.9% over the forecast period.
Commercial applications accounted for more than half of the coal fire power generation market share in the recent past and are expected to continue this dominance in the future. Such a trend can be attributed to factors such as rapid industrialization, especially in the developing regions. Commercial applications are presumed to experience a CAGR of 3% from 2014 to 2020. Residential applications are expected to witness a positive growth over the forecast period.
Asia Pacific dominated the global coal fired power generation market in the recent past with 55% of the market share and is expected to witness a CAGR of 3.2% from 2014 to 2020. Economies such as China and India are expected to aid the regional market over the forecast period.
Western markets such as North America and Europe are anticipated
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美国的尊重。
▲特朗普在独立日演讲，除了批评异见者之外他还说到：“我们可能在年底之前就拥有（新冠）治疗方法或者疫苗。”并宣称美国已经挺过疫情“回来了”。实际上在独立日前两天的7月2日，美国又创单日增长新高，新增病例57236例，美国疫情仍然没有缓和的迹象。服务说明
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درمان فشار خون بالا با عطر
درمان فشار خون بالا با آب میوه
از آب کرفس، چغندر وهویج یا آب خیار، اسفناج وجعفری برای کاهش فشار خون می توان استفاده نمود.
می توان به آب حاصل سیر خام افزود ویا همراه آنها آب سیر را هم گرفت و روی آب به دست آمده آنقدر آب هویج ریخت تا حجم آب میوه حاصل به 8 اونس برسد.
این آب میوه را یک بار در روز بنوشید.
برچسبها: فشار خوندر حالی که برخی فکر میکنند که کل درآمدهای حاصل شده از مالیات بر ارزش افزوده باید به حساب خزانه دولت واریز شود، کمتر از ۲۰ درصد مالیات بر ارزش افزوده وصولی توسط اصناف به حساب سازمان امور مالیاتی و باقی آن (۸۰ درصد) به حساب خزانه دولت واریز می شود.
هیات تخصصی دیوان عدالت اداری، دادخواست ابطال تصمیم سازمان امور مالیاتی مبنی بر دریافت مالیات بر ارث از سهام عدالت افراد را رد کرد.
معاون حقوقی و فنی مالیاتی سازمان امور مالیاتی کشور گفت: به کمیسیون تلفیق بودجه مجلس پیشنهاد کرده ایم به جای دو پله ای شدن مالیات حقوق کارمندان، سه پله با نرخ های ۱۵، ۲۰ و ۲۵ درصد در نظر گرفته شود.
سخنگوی کمیسیون تلفیق لایحه بودجه کل کشور سال ۹۹ گفت که براساس مصوبه این کمیسیون حقوق کارکنان دولت تا سه میلیون تومان در ماه و حقوق کارگران تا دو میلیون و ۳۰۰ هزار تومان از مالیات معاف میشوند.
مالیات بر درآمد حقوق، درآمدی است که شخص حقیقی در خدمت شخص دیگر (اعم از حقیقی یا حقوقی) در قبال تسلیم نیروی کار خود بابت اشتغال بر حسب مدت یا کار انجام شده، به طور نقد یا غیر نقد به دست می آورد و برخی از درآمدها همچون حقوق بازنشستگی، عیدی سالانه، وجوه حاصل از بیمه و… معاف از این نوع مالیات هستند.
با دستور محمدباقر نوبخت رئیس سازمان برنامه و بودجه هنرمندان کماکان از پرداخت مالیات به صورت کامل معاف هستند؛ این در حالی است که مالیات حقوق کارگران و کارمندان پیش از پرداخت به آنها از حساب شان کسر میشود!Also known as
Pluto Discovery Day
annually on February 18th
History & Culture
Science & Technology
Astronomer Clyde W. Tombaugh discovered Pluto on February 18, 1930, at the Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona. It appears Pluto Day sprang up naturally as an informal anniversary holiday, but it has been officially observed on some occasions. In 1999, the Lowell Observatory declared Pluto Day in honor of the discovery anniversary, holding an event at the observatory on Saturday, February 20. Admission was free, and lectures about Pluto, tours of the grounds, and science demonstrations were given. Telescopes could also be looked at, including the one that was used to discover Pluto. It is possible that the event helped popularize the idea of Pluto Day. In 2020, the Lowell Observatory sponsored "Pluto Discovery Day" at Flagstaff's Orpheum Theater on February 18.
Percival Lowell was the first to propose that the planetary body that turned out to be Pluto existed. Wobbles in the orbits of Uranus and Neptune had been detected, and he thought they must be caused by the gravitational pull of an unknown planetary body. Lowell determined the approximate location of the body and tried to locate it for more than a decade, to no avail. In 1929, at the Lowell Observatory in Arizona (named for Percival Lowell), the search for the planet started again, with calculations previously made by Percival Lowell and W.H. Pickering being used as a guide.
On February 18, 1930, Clyde Tombaugh found Pluto while using a blink microscope combined with photographic plates. The discovery was publicly announced on March 13, on the anniversary of Lowell's birth and of the discovery of Uranus. At the time, Pluto was deemed to be a planet, although it is now considered to be a dwarf planet. It was named after the Roman god on the underworld, and its name was given to it by Venetia Burney, an 11-year old girl from Oxford, England. She suggested the name to her grandfather, and it was selected after he forwarded it to the Lowell Observatory.
Pluto is in a region called the Kuiper Belt, where other icy bodies and dwarf planets are located. It is 4.5 billion miles away from Earth, and averages a distance of 3.6 billion miles from the Sun, being almost 40 times farther away from the Sun than Earth is. It takes Pluto about 248 years to complete its oval orbit around the Sun, and a day on Pluto is 153 hours long. Pluto is 1428 miles in diameter, making it about two-thirds the size of the Earth's moon and about half the width of the United States.
Pluto has a thin atmosphere consisting mainly of nitrogen, along with some methane and carbon monoxide. Its surface temperature is between -350 and -400 degrees Fahrenheit—so cold that life likely can't exist there. Because of its distance from the sun, it is also very dim on Pluto, with daylight being comparable to the time just after sunset on Earth. The landscape is made up of mountains, valleys, craters, and plains. A heart-shaped glacier that is about the size of Texas and Oklahoma combined is perhaps its most distinct feature. Pluto has five moons, with Charon being its largest, which it rotates with. Discovered in 1978, Charon isn't much smaller than Pluto, being 737 miles in diameter.
In August 2006, the International Astronomical Union announced that Pluto was no longer considered a planet, and instead was a dwarf planet, because of new rules that said a planet had to "clear the neighborhood around its orbit." Pluto doesn't do that because its orbit overlaps that of Neptune for about 20 years of its 248-year orbit. For that period of time, it is closer to the Sun than Neptune is. Being that Neptune is much larger, it still is considered to be a planet. But this doesn't mean that Pluto has become neglected. On the contrary, NASA's New Horizons spacecraft flew through Pluto's system in 2015, taking the first close-up images of Pluto and its moons. With a continued focus on this one-time planet, it is only right that we celebrate it, and we do so today, on the anniversary of its discovery.
How to Observe Pluto Day
Some ideas on how to celebrate Pluto Day include:
- View photos of Pluto from NASA.
- Learn more about the New Horizons spacecraft and its Pluto mission.
- Find out your "Pluto time."
- Visit the Lowell Observatory or another observatory. Check if Pluto Day events are taking place at the Lowell Observatory or at another location in Flagstaff.
- Learn more about Clyde Tombaugh and Percival Lowell.
- View the sky with your own telescope.Kadınlar Günü ne zaman 2022 8 Mart hangi güne denk geliyor?
Kadın hakları açısından büyük önem taşıyan, kadınların nasıl bu günlere geldiğini hatırlatan 8 Mat Dünya Kadın Hakları Günü 2022 yılında salı gününe denk gelecek. Birleşmiş Milletler tarafından 1977 yılında ilan edilen Dünya Kadınlar Günü’nün tarihi çok eskilere dayanıyor. Peki 8 Mart nedir, Kadınlar Günü nasıl ortaya çıktı?
Kadın hakları açısından bugünlere nasıl gelindiğinin hatırlanmasına olanak sağlayan Dünya Kadınlar Günü, her yıl aynı tarihte çeşitli etkinliklerle kutlanmaktadır. Gözler şimdi gelenekselleşen bugünün 2022 de ne zaman kutlanacağında. Peki, 2022 Kadınlar Günü ne zaman? Dünya’da ve Türkiye’de çeşitli mesajlar ve etkinliklerle kutlanan Kadınlar Günü hangi güne denk geliyor? İşte 8 Mart tarihi
Kadınlar Günü ne zaman: Dünya Kadınlar Günü, Birleşmiş Milletler tarafından bu şekilde tanımlanmış olarak her yıl 8 Mart’ta kutlanan uluslararası bir gündür. İnsan hakları temelinde kadınların siyasi ve sosyal bilincinin geliştirilmesine, ekonomik, siyasi ve sosyal başarılarının kutlanmasına ayrılmaktadır. Dünya Kadınlar Günü, kadın hakları hareketinde bir odak noktasıdır.
Kadınlar Günü neden kutlanır: Birinci ve İkinci Dünya Savaşı yılları arasında sosyalizmin yayılmasından çekinen bazı ülkelerde anılması yasaklanan Dünya Kadınlar Günü, 1960’lı yılların sonunda Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde gerçekleşen çeşitli gösterilerde anılmaya başlanmasıyla Batı Bloku ülkelerinde daha güçlü bir şekilde gündeme geldi. Birleşmiş Milletler Genel Kurulu, 16 Aralık 1977 tarihinde 8 Mart’ın “Dünya Kadınlar Günü” olarak anılmasını kabul etti.
Dünya Kadınlar Günü tarihi:
26-27 Ağustos 1910 tarihinde Danimarka’nın Kopenhag kentinde toplanan 2. (Sosyalist) Enternasyonal’e bağlı Uluslararası Sosyalist Kadınlar Konferansı’nda Almanya Sosyal Demokrat Partisi delegeleri Clara Zetkin, Kate Duncker ve arkadaşları bundan böyle her yıl bir “Kadınlar Günü” düzenlenmesi önerisini getirdi ve öneri oybirliğiyle kabul edildi.
Türkiye’de Kadınlar Günü:
Türkiye’de 8 Mart Dünya Kadınlar Günü ilk kez 1921 yılında, iki komünist kız kardeş Rahime Selimova ve Cemile Nuşirvanova’nın girişimi ile gerçekleştirildi. Bu tarihten sonra yıllar boyunca 8 Mart Dünya Kadınlar Günü kutlamalarına izin verilmedi. 1975 yılında “Birleşmiş Milletler Kadın On Yılı” ilan edildi. Türkiye de bu kapsamda yer aldığı için 1975 yılında Türkiye’de “Kadın Yılı Kongresi” yapıldı.
8 Mart Dünya Kadınlar Günü’nün 1975 yılında kutlanmaya başlamasında İlerici Kadınlar Derneği’nin faaliyetleri de etkili oldu. Böylece 8 Mart Dünya Kadınlar Günü kapalı ortamlardan sokaklara ve meydanlara çıktı.I still remember the first time I took a formal symbolic logic class in college. My first thought was: “Where have you been all of my life!” As a computer science major with tons of additional coursework in mathematics, I was no slouch when it came to logic and systematic thinking. However, it was a simple formal logic class offered through the philosophy department that revolutionized my math education.
Unbelievably, I had never been taught how to do formal proofs, and since high school they were something I had muscled my way through with a little bit of intuition and a whole lot of imitation. Had I learned the basics of formal logic from the beginning, I would have saved hours of pain over the years and greatly deepened my understanding of mathematics. So when my 9 year-old son started to show an interest in logic, I decided to run with it, hoping to build a foundation that might someday lead to the skills he will need higher level math courses.
Learning logic doesn’t have to be difficult as it naturally lends itself to games and puzzles. We’ve had a great time with the following activities:
Sudoku Puzzles. These are an excellent way to get started with logical problem solving. I find the typical 9 digit sudoku size too large for most children starting out, so I like to begin with 4 digits and work up from there. You can search online for sudoku puzzles of all sizes. A magnetic travel set based around 6 digits has been perfect for my student and has lasted for years. In addition to being able to set up dozens of configurations at differing challenge levels, moving the magnetic pieces is easier than constantly erasing and rewriting.
Chocolate Fix. If you’re willing to invest a few more bucks in developing logic skills, this Sudoku-like puzzle by ThinkFun has a lot of visual appeal. Players arrange trays of chocolate based on clues given in the booklet.
Mastermind. This commonly-seen family game is incomparable when it comes to systematic thinking. One player creates a color code and the other person tries to guess the code based on information provided in response to each guess (white for correct color and red for correct color and position). To make it easier at first I started my son out using only 3 of the 4 spaces and no repeated colors until he was able to play the full game.
If you’re looking for something that students can do more independently, the following workbooks have been a hit here:
Lollipop Logic. A series for the younger set (K-2). Introduces the fundamentals of logical thinking including picture sequences, patterns, analogies and deduction.
Grid Perplexors. We absolutely love this series of workbooks from Mindware that involve telling a story and using clues to fill in the missing information. The out-of-print Venn Perplexors are also excellent, if you can find them.
Beast Academy 4B. I’ve talked about Art of Problem Solving many times and how their Beast Academy series uses a comic book format that makes new topics very approachable. Even if you don’t do the workbook or use the rest of the curriculum, the guidebook for 4B introduces logic in a really entertaining and engaging way. The puzzles in the workbook are outstanding as well.
If you end up with a logic-loving student like I have, there are a few choices that really build skill and provide a natural pathway to more formal logic studies:
Liars and Truth teller Puzzles. These are traditionally known as “Knight and Knaves” puzzles and for whatever reason my son is obsessed with them. These problems involve an island where all of the inhabitants either always tell the truth (Knights) or always lie (Knave) and you have to figure which is which. A classic example is:
Two men are standing at a fork in the road. One is standing in front of the left road, and one is standing in front of the right road. One of them is a truth teller and the other a liar, but you don’t know which is which. One road leads to your destination, the other to death. By asking one yes/no question, can you determine the road to take?
I downloaded this Knight and Knave Puzzle Generator that gives us an infinite supply of new problems and solutions with varying amounts of statements. Right now we are solving them using truth tables, but since the generator also includes the formal symbolic logic representation of the statements, these puzzles will be the natural transition for my son to learn symbolic logic.
If you have a background in engineering or computer science you might have fun introducing your
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لاگ های نمونه و استاندارد از لحاظ فنی و محتوایی به علاقه مندان را از دیگر اهداف این جشنواره برشمرد.
به گفته وی، وبلاگ های برتر معرفی شده در قالب نمایشگاهی در مجتمع فرهنگی سینمایی 22 بهمن تبریز جهت بازدید علاقه مندان ارایه می شود.
انتهای پیام/.Birleşik Arap Emirlikleri'nin Dubai kenti uçan taksilerin kullanıldığı ilk kent oluyor. Uçan taksilerin kullanımı Temmuz ayında başlayacak.
Çin Uluslararası Radyosu'un haberine göre Dubai'de kullanılacak sürücüsüz uçan taksiler Çinli drone üreticisi EHang şirketi tarafından üretildi.
Dubai ulaştırma birimleri, EHang 184 sürücüsüz taksilerin deneme aşamasının sürdüğünü ve temmuz ayında faaliyete geçmesinin planlandığını açıkladı.
Sürücüsüz araçlar, üzerlerindeki navigasyon sistemi sayesinde 100 kilograma kadar ağırlıktaki bir yolcuyu düşük irtifada yaklaşık 30 dakika boyunca taşıyabiliyor. Taksilerin akıllı telefon uygulamalarıyla çağrılabileceği belirtiliyor.
Makale numarası: 184977 - Bu makalenin geçerli olduğu ürünleri görün.
Bir MFC uygulaması ScriptControl nesnesinde ev sahipliği yapan, aşağıdaki hata iletisini alabilirsiniz:
Önceden dilini VBScript için SetLanguage yöntemini kullanarak ayarlayabilirsiniz olsa bile bu oluşur. JScript veya JavaScript gibi dil ScriptControl nesne için belirtirseniz, bu hata oluşmaz.
Geçerli bir dil için komut dosyası alt yapısı başlatılmadı olduğundan işlem tamamlanamadı.
Bir denetim olarak (ve yalnızca basit bir Otomasyon nesnesi olarak), belirtilen dili VBScript'tir, kendini düzgün şekilde başlatılmaya ScriptControl nesne başarısız olur.
Iki geçici çözüm aşağıda verilmiştir:
Örnek kod
Microsoft, bunun bu makalenin başında listelenen Microsoft ürünlerinde bir hata olduğunu onaylamıştır. Bu hata, Microsoft ınternet Explorer 5'te giderilmiştir.
Davranışı yeniden oluşturma adımları
Ek bilgi için lütfen aşağıdaki article(s) olarak Microsoft Knowledge Base'de bakın:
184904Ek bilgi için lütfen şu World Wide Web URL bakın:
(https://support.microsoft.com/kb/184904/EN-US/ )Dosya: MSSCPCTL.EXE kod denetim üstbilgi dosyası MSSCPCTL.H
http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms950396.aspx
(http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms950396.aspx)
Makale numarası: 184977 - Last Review: 8 Ağustos 2007 Çarşamba - Gözden geçirme: 2.2
Bu makaledeki bilginin uygulandığı durum:
Machine-translated Article
ÖNEMLİ: Bu makale, bir kişi tarafından çevrilmek yerine, Microsoft makine-çevirisi yazılımı ile çevrilmiştir. Microsoft size hem kişiler tarafından çevrilmiş, hem de makine-çevrisi ile çevrilmiş makaleler sunar. Böylelikle, bilgi bankamızdaki tüm makalelere, kendi dilinizde ulaşmış olursunuz. Bununla birlikte, makine tarafından çevrilmiş makaleler mükemmel değildir. Bir yabancının sizin dilinizde konuşurken yapabileceği hatalar gibi, makale; kelime dağarcığı, söz dizim kuralları veya dil bilgisi açısından yanlışlar içerebilir. Microsoft, içeriğin yanlış çevrimi veya onun müşteri tarafından kullanımından doğan; kusur, hata veya zarardan sorumlu değildir. Microsoft ayrıca makine çevirisi yazılımını sıkça güncellemektedir.
Makalenin İngilizcesi aşağıdaki gibidir:184977
(https://support.microsoft.com/kb/184977/en-us/ )
Kullanım Dışı Bilgi Bankası İçeriği Yasal Uyarı
Bu makale, Microsoft'un artık destek sağlamadığı ürünler ile ilgili olarak yazılmıştır. Bu nedenle, bu makale "olduğu gibi" sağlanmıştır ve bundan sonra güncelleştirilmeyecektir.
While scientists don’t know much about the recently spotted ancient human ancestor, the researchers know that it was a female that lived about 50,000 years ago. But she is unique for the human life evolution on the Earth, as she was a hybrid between ancient human species. An artificial intelligence system found a “ghost” in a human genome that led to the discovery of the “hybrid” in a Siberian cave.
“About 80,000 years ago, the so-called Out of Africa occurred, when part of the human population, which already consisted of modern humans, abandoned the African continent and migrated to other continents, giving rise to all the current populations,” said evolutionary biologist Jaume Bertranpetit from the Universitat Pompeu Fabra in Spain.
This recent finding proves the interbreeding between modern-day humans, Homo Sapiens, and ancient human ancestors, other than the Neanderthals and Denisovans. Now, the scientists believe that Homo Sapiens also bred with a third ancient human species, thanks to an artificial intelligence system that found a “ghost” in the human genome.
An Unknown Ancient Human Ancestor, Found By An Artificial Intelligence Which Discovered a “Ghost” In Human Genome
“This population is either related to the Neanderthal-Denisova clade or diverged early from the Denisova lineage,” stated the scientists in their study’s report. “Our theory coincides with the hybrid specimen discovered recently in Denisova, although as yet we cannot rule out other possibilities,” they added.
“There’s a lot more research to be done here yet. Applying this kind of AI analysis is a decidedly new technique in the field of human ancestry, and the known fossil evidence we’re dealing with is amazingly scant,” ScienceAlerts reported on the new study.
“We thought we’d try to find these places of high divergence in the genome, see which are Neanderthal and which are Denisovan, and then see whether these explain the whole picture. As it happens, if you subtract the Neanderthal and Denisovan parts, there is still something in the genome that is highly divergent,” added Jaume Bertranpetit.About the book (from Introduction):
When John Corneille arrived in India in 1754, he found the English still only merchants and traders, anxious over their profit. When he left, just over three years later, those same merchants were assuming the role of empire-buildings and setting off – with some reluctance and foreboding – upon the conquest of India. They did so, not in the name of the king of England, but in that of the Directors of The United Company of Merchants of England trading to the East Indies, with offices in Leadenhall Street, London….
Life in the English settlements was, on Corneille’s arrival, still very much as it had been at the beginning of the century though some changes had taken place, and were still taking place, under the pressure of events. The administration was strictly paternal in character. The governor, or president as he was called as Madras, was usually the senior merchant. He achieved his appointment not by merit but by longevity, having survived other merchants, over-eating, and the tropical climate.
To this rapidly changing and exotic world of mid-eighteenth century India, John Corneille brought an unprejudiced and objective eye. This in itself should not be thought remarkable. The eighteenth century was a particularly tolerant age. No man despised another before of his colour….His descriptions of places, people and things are sensible and accurate, and his judgement of his fellow officers and of the Company’s servants acute and informed.By Joanna Follings, OMAFRA Cereals Specialist and Albert Tenuta, OMAFRA Field Crops Pathologist
In 2016 the milder winter conditions resulted in early leaf and stripe rust infections in Tennessee and Kentucky. This resulted in rust spores being blown into Ontario earlier than we typically see.
By mid-May 2016, stripe rust was prevalent in most areas of southwestern Ontario. Growers who selected tolerant varieties or applied a foliar fungicide were able to keep the disease at bay. However, growers that selected susceptible varieties and did not apply a foliar fungicide saw significant yield reductions where the disease was present.
In 2017, stripe rust again arrived early in southwestern Ontario and was found in one field in Essex County the first week of May. Although we have not historically seen stripe rust at significant levels in Ontario in the past, it is important to have a plan in place in 2018 for managing this disease.
The optimal temperatures for stripe rust development are 10-15°C with periods of high relative humidity but as we observed in Ontario, stripe rust can develop at higher temperatures. Windy days will also help with spore dispersion. Stripe rust causes yellow to orange, blister-like lesions that are arranged in stripes on the leaf of the wheat plant.
If left untreated, stripe rust can cause significant yield reductions. In 2016 and 2017, where growers had a high incidence of stripe rust that was not controlled through appropriate variety selection or fungicide application, yields were reported to be as low as 45 bu/ac.
Integrated Stripe Rust Management
The best defence against stripe rust is a combination of variety selection, scouting and timely fungicide applications. In Ontario winter wheat varieties, there are large differences in variety susceptibility to the disease. Growers should check with their seed supplier and the Ontario Cereal Crops Committee performance trials for specific variety ratings (www.gocereals.ca).
If a variety has a rating of 6 or higher the variety is susceptible to stripe rust and will benefit from a fungicide application if stripe rust is present. If a variety is rated 3 to 5 then it is considered moderately resistant and should be scouted for stripe rust regularly during the growing season.
If stripe rust is present and appears to be challenging the upper leaves of the canopy in these moderately resistant varieties you may want to consider a fungicide application, particularly if the wheat is just at flag leaf.
As we saw in 2017, some growers got caught with a severe disease infestation 10 days before the T3 fungicide application timing and had significant yield losses as a result. However, if stripe rust incidence and severity was low on these tolerant varieties and growers were less than a week away from fusarium fungicide timing then they were able to wait.
If a variety in your area has a rating less then 2 than this indicates that the variety is resistant against stripe rust and will likely not benefit from an early season fungicide application.
Spring may seem like a ways away but as we move into the 2018 growing season, scout fields early particularly when disease is being detected early in the season in neighbouring US states. Regular scouting assists in determining if fungal disease infection is progressing up the plant and is critical in determining if a fungicide application is needed, and at what timing.
A lot depends on the level of infection, environmental conditions and crop susceptibility but by selecting resistant varieties and with regular crop scouting this disease can be managed effectively.Date un voto alla prestazione dell’arbitro dando un minimo di 4 al massimo di 8.
Il voto piu’ basso determina una prestazione scarsa, il voto piu’ alto una grande prestazione.
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Date un voto alla prestazione dei nostri ragazzi in maglia viola.
Nel primo caso, NATO-SCOGLIO, si vuole premiare quel giocatore che durante l’incontro si e’ distinto come baluardo invalicabile di situazioni accadute durante la gare. Colui che per 90 minuti caparbiamente non ha dato sfogo alle giocate avversarie.
Il trofeo SCOGLIO-NATO invece, vuol andare ad indicare colui che nel corso della battaglia agonistica svogliatamente si e’ portato fino alla fine della gara, senza mettere in evidenza le proprie capacita’.
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2 commenti su “VOTATE PER I TROFEI NATO-SCOGLIO E SCOGLIO-NATO DI EMPOLI-FIORENTINA”
Commento con un calcolo matematico a rebus : Falso 9 x 8ttimo = 72 Ilicic !! Ogni tanto una buona partita ed ha azzeccato due buoni tiri, proprio quando per colpa di porte non centrate rischiamo di andare fuori dalla coppa . Mettiamocela tutta, Forza Viola !
Alla luce delle prestazioni ultime credo che contro il Siviglia Ilicic debba prendere il posto di Gomez.
I commenti sono chiusi.Elstree 1976 è un documentario che racconta la storia di Attori e comparse ricordano il tempo trascorso sul set di Star Wars e il modo in cui il film ha influenzato le loro vite.
Diretto da Jon Spira, il documentario parla delle persone, al pari degli attori più famosi, che hanno partecipato a quella prima mondiale di Londra nel 1976, quando ancora non immaginavano cosa sarebbe diventato il fenomeno Star Wars.
Jon Spira un giorno ha incontrato John Chapman, scoprendo che era stato una comparsa in Star Wars, quei pochi giorni sul set avevano segnato la sua vita per sempre. La vita di Mark Hamill, Carrie Fisher e Harrison Ford era già stata esplorata in ogni dettaglio, ma nessuno si era mai occupato più di tanto di quelle persone il cui volto non era nemmeno visibile. Che fine hanno fatto? Cosa fanno oggi? Il regista li ha intervistati realizzando una storia che non parla di Star Wars, ma parla di 10 persone le cui vite sono state interconnesse per un attimo in Star Wars.شرکت پارایین به عنوان یک شرکت پیشرو در زمینه فروش دستگاههای زیبایی و پوستی از ۱۸ سال پیش فعالیت خود را در این زمینه
آغاز کرده است. از متخصصان و افراد علاقه مند و با انگیزه دعوت می کنیم تا در بخش های فروش (Sales)، پس از فروش (Service) و دیجیتال مارکتینگ (Digital Marketing) به شرکت ما ملحق شوند.
لطفا رزومه شخصی خود را از طریق این سایت به شرکت ارسال کنید.對大部份澳洲華人而言，越南華僑偷渡的故事，可能只會在電影或政府的宣傳片中見到，但今集【我不是名人】的嘉賓曾傳隆（Edmund Tang)在抵達澳洲之前，曾經歷過一如電影橋段般的偷渡過程。
要點：
- 越南華僑曾傳隆在六次獨自偷渡失敗後，因為當地的行政措施改變，最終決定再與９名家人一同買船位再偷渡離開越南。
- 可惜，他們途中遭逢海難，一家9人只有3人生環，而曾傳隆與其他生還者被安排到另一艘船隻後，卻輾轉到達菲律賓，但卻被困船上半年不得入境。
- 當地後來受到聯合國壓力，而得以進入當地一個荒島上生活6個月，但仍要過著非人生活。
- 最終，曾傳隆有幸進入難民營，並因為其翻譯的才能，得以成功來到澳洲，並發奮成為公營機構的經濟學家。
對大部份澳洲華人而言，越南華僑偷渡的故事，可能只會在電影或政府的宣傳片中見到，但今集【我不是名人】的嘉賓曾傳隆（Edmund Tang)在抵達澳洲之前，曾經歷過一如電影橋段般的偷渡過程。
有感當時越南年輕人的自由經已越來越被收窄，加上父母一早已離開越南並在香港生活，令Edmund 早已有離開越南的打算，而在胞姊的資助下，Edmund曾六次獨自偷渡離開越南，但每一次都不成功。
「最初我姐姐全力擔保我難開，（在經濟上）全力支持。當時其實無論陸路或水路，都要花費不少金錢作『買路費』才能離開越南。」
「但好不幸，我偷渡了五次均失敗，但不幸中之大幸是，每一次我都沒有被捉，只是損失的金錢亦不少。這些錢都是由我家姐支付的，感激她已出嫁仍願意用錢支持我。」
「當時我每一次失敗，都不敢回家，只能匿藏在較小的城鎮，因為擔心街坊中有人與政權有聯系，若他們報告的話，我可能會被捉。所以我往往亦會逃到別處躱藏。」
1979 年 2 月 7 日，運載 2700 名難民的巴拿馬註冊貨輪天運號（Skyluck）抵達香港海域後聲稱擱淺，但香港政府因一度拒絶讓船民抵境一事惹起國際關注。
Edmund憶述，同一時期，其實有不少同類船隻在越南政府「半官式」安排下，帶住大批越南華裔人偷渡往外國，他才再與家人一齊離開。
「直至後來我第六次偷渡後，我家姐表示，『不如你回來，我們全家（一齊走）。』所以當時就全家一齊走。」
「這個做法得以成立，是因為到1977至78年，越南政府開始有計劃給部份華人離開越南，這種做法當時十分流行，亦是半公開的。條件就是你每一個人要交上一筆錢，當時市價我們每人是十二両黃金，這樣你就可以公開地離開，由政府安排你在某個港坐船離開。」
「而所坐的船隻，則並非由政府安排，而是交由華人社團中比較熟識如何組織偷渡船的人，自行買船，及安排人上船...而政府亦不會理會船隻是否安全。」
不幸地，Edmund及家人乘坐的偷渡船卻遇上海難，大部份家人亦因此而葬身大海。
「當時有好多人亦因此而葬身大海，同行的家人中，9個人中有6個人遇難。」
遇到海難之後，Edmund再被安排上另一艘船繼續航程。這艘名為東安號的船隻，本來是從泰國運糧食往香港而途經越南，但最後卻沒有一如天運號及匯豐號等登陸香港，反而掉頭駛往馬來西亞。
可惜船隻當事未有獲準在
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iye tek bir çim tanesi dahi bırakmamıştı.
Orta yıldız alemi de neredeyse tamamen paramparça olmuştu. Sakinlerinin yüzde doksan dokuzu ölmüş ve hayatta kalan kaynak gelişimciler onlara neyin çarptığını bile bilmiyorlardı. Alem kralları, Ye Jiancheng, ne olduğunu araştırmak için acele eden diğer yıldız alemlerinin seçkinleri tarafından bilinçsiz bir durumda keşfedilmişti. Haber hızla yayıldı ve ortaya çıkan şok ve öfke tüm Kuzey İlahi Bölgesi'ni sarsmaya başladı.
Bir yıldız aleminin yıkımı. Bu inanılmaz derecede aşağılık eylem, zaten azalan Kuzey İlahi Bölgesi'nde uzun yıllar boyunca yapılmamıştı.
İblis Efendisi ve İblis Kraliçesi'nin öfkesi hızla uyandırıldı ve hemen araştırmak için Ruh Çalan Alem'in üyelerini gönderdiler.
Bir kral aleminin şüphesiz bu büyük suçu araştırmak ve arkasındaki suçluları yargılamak için öne çıkması gerekiyordu!
Bu felaketin onlar için ne kadar ciddi olduğunu ifade etmek için, İblis Kraliçesi üçüncü Cadı Ye Li ve dördüncü Cadı Yao'yu suç mahallini araştırmak için gönderdi.
Ye Li ve Yao Die geldiğinde, yakındaki yıldız alemleri ve Kuzey Bölgesi'nin güneyinde bulunan çeşitli derebeyleri halihazırda onları bekliyordu. Çeşitli boyda kaynak arkları bu geniş yıldız sisteminin uzayını doldurdu.
Orta yıldız alemlerinin bile üstünlük için yarışabileceği uzak güneyde, bir Cadı'nın gelişi, onları ziyaret etmek için cennetten inen bir tanrıdan farklı değildi.
Onlar Ye Li ve Yao Die için sadece erkenden toplanmış değillerdi, bu felaket meydana geldiğinde çevrede bulunan tüm hayatta kalanları ve kaynak gelişimcileri bile bir araya getirmiştiler.
Ye Li ve Yao Die geldiğinde, yıldız alemlerinin parçaları uzayda düzensiz bir şekilde uzayda sürükleniyordu, yıkım aurası hala havada asılıydı.
Bu özellikle iki alt yıldız alemi için geçerliydi. Varoluşlarının tek bir lekesi kalmamıştı. Sanki daha önce hiç var olmamışlardı.
Toplanan alem kralları, onları gördükten sonra Cadıları selamlamak için hemen geldi, bedenleri korku ve endişe ile titriyordu. Cadı Yao Die hepsini görmezden geldi. Yıkılan yıldız aleminin merkezinde durdu ve aurası hızla kalan yıkım işaretlerini süpürdü. Aniden düşük bir sesle konuştu, “Bu enerji oldukça garip görünüyor.”
Onlara bakmak için başını geri çevirdi. “Bu yerde kalan enerjiyle ilgili herhangi bir izleniminiz var mı?”
Toplanan alem kralları panik içinde başlarını salladı.
"O orta yıldız aleminden kurtulanların olduğunu duydum. Şimdi neredeler?" Ye Li sordu.
"Majesteleri." Açıkça grubun lideri olan alem kralı dışarı çıktı ve son derece saygılı bir şekilde karşıladı. “Çok az kurtulan vardı ve hepsi halihazırda kaynak arkına bindiler.”
“Ayrıca, bu felaket olduğunda, bu yıldız alemine seyahat eden bazı kaynak gelişimcileri vardı. Hepsini toplamayı ve kaynak gemilerimize yerleştirmeyi başardık.”
“Çok iyi.” Ye Li başının küçük bir hareketiyle onama işareti verdi. "Sıkı çalışmanız için teşekkürler. Lütfen bizi kurtulanların olduğu yere götürün.”
Bu övgü kelimesi neredeyse tüm alem krallarının minnettarlıkla dizlerinin üzerine düşmesine neden olmuştu.
Bu felaket, tüm Kuzey İlahi Bölgesi'nin bu yere odaklanmasına neden olmuştu. Uzak bir yıldız sisteminin yıldız alemleri olarak, daha önce hiç bu kadar ilgi görmemişlerdi.
Kaynak gemilere bindiklerinde, Ye Li ve Yao Die, her kurtulanı kişisel olarak sorguladı. Ancak, çoğu hala korkmuş ve sıkıntılıydı, düşünceleri ve sözleri zar zor anlaşılabilirdi. Kendinde olan nadir birkaç kişi, sorgulandıklarında omuzlarını çaresizce silkti. Ne olduğu hakkında hiçbir fikirleri yoktu.
Bu sırada, bir ses aniden uzaktan yankılandı. "Alem Kralı Jiancheng uyandı!"
Açık tenli orta yaşlı bir adam, başka biri tarafından desteklenirken onlara doğru yürüyordu. Kıyafetleri püsküllenmiş ve vücudu kanla lekelenmişti. Aurası son derece zayıftı ve herkes tek bir bakışla ne kadar kötü yaralandığını söyleyebilirdi.
Felaketin tam kalbinde yakalanmıştı. Etrafındaki tüm canlılar yok olmuştu ancak güçlü İlahi Egemen bedeni sayesinde hayatta kalmayı başarmıştı. Ancak, zar zor hayatta kaldığı açıktı, aurası çim iplikleri kadar inceydi.
"Bu kişinin adı Ye Jiancheng." Toplanan alem krallarının lideri yaralı adamı Ye Li ve Yao Die ile tanıştırdı. "O yok edilen yıldız sisteminin alem kralı."
Pratik olarak buraya taşınan Ye Jiancheng, son derece zayıflamış durumuna rağmen endişeyle eğilmeye çalıştı. Konuşmaya çalışırken dudakları titriyordu. Ye Li onu durdurmak için elini kaldırdı ve nazik kaynak enerji tabakası vücudunu kapladı. "Buna gerek yok. Söyle bana, yıldız sisteminize bir felaket geldiğinde bir şey gördünüz mü?”
Cadı Ye Li'nin sözleri, Ye Jiancheng'in karışık beynine şiddetle bıçaklandı. Bilincini kaybetmeden önce önünde oynanan korkunç sahne, tekrar zihninden parladı, gözlerinin şok ve dehşet içinde genişlemesine neden oldu.
"Bir kazan... Bu bir kazandı... Çok büyük bir kazandı!" Kükredi, sesi korku ve endişeyle titriyordu.
"Bir kazan mı?" Etrafındaki insanlar birbirlerine baktı.
"Daha açık konuş. Ne tür bir kazandı?” Ye Li, Ye Jiancheng'e biraz daha yaklaşırken ciddi bir sesle söyledi.
"Bilmiyorum, bilmiyorum.” Ye Jiancheng panik içinde başını salladı. "Beyaz bir kazandı... Daha önce hiç görmediğim çok büyük bir kazandı... Ve aniden benim yıldız sistemime…”
"Ah!”
Ye Jiancheng başı boş konuşurken, bir korkmuş çığlık aşağıdan yankılandı.
O çığlığı atan kişi, ince ve narin görünüşlü bir adamdı. İlahi Öz Alemi aurası bedeninden hissedilebilirdi ve kalabalığın arkasında saklanıyordu.
Alem kralların lideri, adamı azarlarken öfkeyle girdi. "Seni küstah serseri, ekselanslarının sorgulamasını ne cüretle kesersin? Atın onu!”
“Bir dakika bekle!” Yao Die konuştu. Zayıf görünümlü adama baktı ve ona bir soru sorduğunda kaşları battı. "Muhtemelen birden bir şeyi hatırlamış olmalı, bu çığlığın sebebi nedir?"
"Hayır, hayır." Zayıf görünümlü adam Yao Die'nin delici bakışları altında daha da küçüldü. Vücudu içgüdüsel korku ile titriyordu.
"Leydi Cadı sana bir soru soruyor. Ne cüretle ona yalan söylersin?” Alem krallarının lideri öfkeyle kükredi. “Eğer bir şey saklarsan ve Leydi Cadı'nın gazabını kışkırtırsan, Kuzey İlahi Bölgesi'nde saklanabileceğin hiçbir yer olmayacak.”
Zayıf görünümlü adamın yüzü anında küle döndü ve bir yığın halinde çökmek üzereymiş gibi görünüyordu.
"Bu kadar endişeli olmaya gerek yok.” Yao Die'nin sesi yumuşak bir halde büyüdü. "Eğer gerçekten bir şey keşfettiysen, bize gördüğün her şeyi söyle. Ruh Çalan Alem çabaların için kesinlikle seni ödüllendirecektir."
Cadı'nın yumuşak ve nazik sözleri, gerginliğin bir kısmının zayıf görünümlü adamın yüzünden arınmasına neden oldu. Sonunda konuşmak için cesaret toplamayı başarmadan önce sesli bir şekilde yutkundu. "Kral Jiancheng'in bahsettiği büyük beyaz kazan... Dün gece onu gördüm.”
Herkes bu sözlerle şok oldu. Yao Die bir adım öne geçti ve sordu, “Ne tür bir kazandı? Nerede gördün? Bana gördüğün her şeyi anlat.”
Zayıf görünümlü adam konuşmadı. Bunun yerine, titreyen elini uzattı. Sıradan bir Kaynak Görüntüleme Taşı avucunun içinde yatıyordu.
Kaynak enerji taşa sıçradı ve bir görüntü hızla havaya yansıdı.
Gökyüzünde parlayan beyaz bir ışık kümesi havaya yansıtılıyordu. Herkes bu beyaz ışığın merkezinde bir kazan görebiliyordu.
Bu görüntü uzaktan kaydedilmişti ancak kazanın silueti açıkça görülebiliyordu. Büyüklüğü taşıdığı gücü açıkça belli ediyordu.
Yaklaşan kıyameti karşılamak üzere olan yıldız alemi, görüntünün sol alt köşesinde de açıkça görülebilirdi!
Herkesin bu görüntüyü açıkça gördüğü an, aurası zaten zayıf ve ince olan Ye Jiancheng, aniden bir deli gibi bağırmaya başladı. "İşte bu! Bu... Kazan! Bu o kazandı!! Ahhh!”
Ye Jiancheng'in yaralı vücudu çok fazla dış uyaran almıştı. Bu sözleri bağırdıktan sonra, gözleri tekrar kafasına yuvarlandı ve tekrar bayıldı.
Tüm alem kralları iki Cadı'ya baktı. Onlara bu kazanı daha önce hiç görmediklerini söylemek üzereydiler ama şaşkınlıklarının üzerine, Cadıların yüzlerinde derin şokun keskin ifadeleri birer çiçek gibi açtı.
Nefesleri göğüslerine çarptı ve tek bir kelime bile etmeye cesaret edemediler.
"Bu..." Yao Die şok ve şaşkınlık içinde nefes nefese kalırken şöyle dedi, "Bu Engin Boşluk Kazanı? Hayır bu olamaz!"
Hemen ağzından çıkacak olan sözleri inkar etti.
"Yanılmıyorsun," Ye Li ciddi bir sesle belirtti. "Bu, tanrılar tarafından Doğu İlahi Bölgesi'nin Ebedi Cennet Alemi'ne bıraktıkları bir eserdir. Güçlü bir uzamsal ilahi güce sahip bu eser, Engin Boşluk Kazanı'dır!”
“Doğu İlahi Bölgesi'nin Ebedi Cennet Alemi” sözleri, duyan herkesi bir yıldırım gibi vurdu.
Ye Li o zayıf görünümlü adama bakmak için döndü ve dedi ki, "Sen kimsin ve neden bu görüntüyü kaydettin?”
Adam korkmuş gibi görünüyordu ve konuşmak için cesaretini toplaması birkaç saniye sürdü. Konuşurken sesi titriyordu. "Bu... Bu küçük olanın adı Bo Xishan. Güney Harabeleri Alemi'nde doğdum. Dün... Dün gece seyahat ederken, o beyaz ışığı gördüm ve kaydettim. Ben... Ben... Ben bana doğru ilerleyecek korkunç bir fırtınaya yakalanmayı beklemiyordum. O anda bayıldım ve uyandığımda… Uyandığımda, bu alem kralları tarafından gözaltına alındım... Eh, hayır, hayır, bu alem kralları tarafından barınmam için bir yer teklifi almıştım.”
Ye Li parmağıyla havaya dokundu ve Bo Xishan'ın elindeki Kaynak Görüntüleme Taşı avucuna uçtu. Ondan sonra bir emir verdi. “Bu konu çok önemli, bu yüzden beni Ruh Çalan Alem'e kadar takip etmelisiniz!”
"Ah?” Bo Xishan bu emirle şaşırdı. Ama yakında titreyen bir sesle cevap verdi, “Evet, evet.”
"Ayrıca Ye Jiancheng'i de Ruh Çalan Alem'e geri götüreceğiz,” Ye Li konuştu.
"Oh ve bir şey daha var." Bakışları mevcut herkesin üzerine süzüldü ve sesi aniden soğudu. "Bu konu Doğu İlahi Bölgesi'ni ilgilendiriyor ve herhangi birinizin hayal edebileceğinden çok daha ciddi. Her şeyi öğrenmeden önce... Hiçbirinizin bugün gördüğünüz ya da duyduğunuz şeyleri sızdırmasına izin verilmiyor!”
Tüm alem kralları başlarını aceleyle salladı, her birinin sırtından soğuk ter damlaları aşağıya doğru indi.
Ye Li ve Yao Die daha fazla oyalanmadı. Bilinçsiz Ye Jiancheng ve titreyen Bo Xishan'ı beraberlerinde götürdüler.
Herkesin görüş alanından tam ayrıldıkları an, Bo Xishan'ın gözlerindeki korku aniden ortadan kayboldu ve yerini garip bir kasvetli ışık aldı.
Ye Li ve Yao Die, emri vermek için Cadılar olarak yetkilerini kullansalar da, “üç yıldız aleminin Doğu İlahi Bölgesi'nin Ebedi Cennet Alemi'ne ait Engin Boşluk Kazanı tarafından yok edildiği” haberi, orman yangını gibi Kuzey İlahi Bölgesi'nin her köşesine yayıldı. Ayrıldıktan iki saatten daha kısa bir süre sonra, bu haber çoktan tüm Kuzey İlahi Bölgesi boyunca yankılanıyordu.Crypto 101: Storing Your Cryptocurrency
Long gone are the days in which the underside of your mattress was the safest place for storing your hard-earned cash — or so you’d think. As the prevalence of cryptocurrencies grows, more and more banks (and mattresses) are being passed up on in favor of more advanced means of safe storage.
In this edition of Crypto 101 we’ll go over the main types of storage, the pros and cons of each, and touch on which might be right for you.
Background: Public and Private Keys
Before we discuss each storage method, it’s important to understand the concepts of public keys and private keys.
Similarly to how many store cash, cryptocurrencies are stored in a digital “wallet.” These wallets contain a public key for receiving funds and a private key for spending funds — you’ll often hear them referred to as a key pair. Each key is represented by a long, cryptographically generated sequence of numbers and letters.
You can think of a public key as similar to a bank account number, and a private key like the PIN for that bank account.
For any given transaction, the public key generates an address for a recipient. Each new transaction will create a unique public key, and there’s no need to remember it in order to use it because it can simply be scanned or copied and pasted.
The private key acts like a password and allows someone access to transfer or spend their currency. Due to the cryptography used in key generation, it is not possible to reverse engineer a public key to ascertain a private key. However, anyone who knows your private key has access to your funds; therefore, the security of your funds is only as strong as the protection of your private keys. The harder it is for anyone but you to obtain your private keys, the more secure the storage.
The main differences between storage types, discussed below, are usability and security — most notably in how private keys are stored.
Now that we’ve got a basic understanding of how public and private keys work, let’s dive into the methods for cryptocurrency safekeeping. There are two primary types of storage: hot and cold.
Hot storage is generally considered easier to use, but far less secure because it relies upon a device that is connected to the internet. This makes hot storage more vulnerable to hackers and malware. Cold storage does not use a connection to the internet, and is thus considered the safer of the two.
Among hot and cold storage, the three most prominent classifications are: software, hardware, and paper.
Software storage can be divided into three sub-categories: Desktop, Mobile, and Web.
This type of storage can be installed on your computer. Once installed, your funds are only accessible from that single device. This means you can’t borrow a friend’s computer to access your own desktop device. Private keys are stored on the computer’s hard drive.
This type runs on an app on your phone and is available on most operating systems. As with desktop storage, private keys are stored directly on your mobile device.
Web storage is often run on the cloud and managed via web browser or browser extension. This makes it accessible from any computing device and at any location, provided there is an internet connection. However, web wallets are generally more of a black box than other types. Many are custodial and managed by a third party, so you can’t be sure of what goes on behind the scenes.
At the opposite end of the hot and cold spectrum lies paper storage — that which is, quite literally, paper. Keeping paper storage means printing out both your private and public keys onto a piece of paper, which should then be kept in a safe or other very secure place. Paper storage should not be confused with a paper backup, which is a means of recovery for all storage types.
Hardware storage is a physical device which generates and holds your private keys offline. To make a transaction, users connect their hardware device to any computer with internet access, enter a security PIN, and confirm.
Well? Which Should I Use?
The answer is different for every person, and really depends on the trade-offs you want to make. What’s more certain, however, is that the more you rely upon a third party for management of your private keys, the more security risks you take on. Cold storage offers the greatest opportunity for management of your own keys. The catch is that you take on the added responsibility of understanding the security risks associated with self-management of keys. On the other hand, hot storage solutions may force you to sacrifice some degree of control of your private keys in exchange for less personal responsibility.
- For a casual crypto user with small investments and high risk-tolerance, desktop or mobile storage will probably suffice.
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depends on the situation. Where possible, you should say or do something to support your colleague so they know they are not alone, but avoid taking matters into your own hands if you think it will worsen the situation.
For example, you could:
- Ask if your workmate is okay;
- Ask your workmate to come with you to remove them from the situation;
- Say something to the person who is making racially discriminatory comments to make them think about what they are saying, as well as to those who are listening to them;
- Assist your colleague with writing down what happened;
- Refer to your Employee Handbook or policies and procedures about what to do next;
- Tell your workmate what they could do about the incident; or
- Report the incident to your employer, the workplace health and safety representative, your HR department or a Union.
Importantly, if you have any questions on how to best approach Workplace Discrimination issues, ask. You can get in touch with our Employment Lawyers on 1300 544 755.Yazılım yayımı yaşam döngüsü
Bu madde hiçbir kaynak içermemektedir. (Temmuz 2018) (Bu şablonun nasıl ve ne zaman kaldırılması gerektiğini öğrenin)
Yazılım yayımı yaşam döngüsü, bilgisayar yazılımlarının ilk geliştirme aşamalarından başlayarak; yayındaki mevcut sürümün hatalarının giderilmesi, iyileştirme odaklı yeni ara sürümlerin yayınlarak yazılımın güncellenmesi de dahil olmak üzere nihâî (kararlı) sürüme ulaşana dek geçen geliştirme ve olgunlaştırma aşamalarının tamamını ifade etmek için kullanılan terimdir.[kaynak belirtilmeli]
Süreç[değiştir | kaynağı değiştir]
GA[değiştir | kaynağı değiştir]
General availability, yazılımın tanıtım çalışmaları tamamlandıktan sonra satışa hazır olduğu durumu ifade eder.
Üretime hazır sürüm (RTM)[değiştir | kaynağı değiştir]
Açılımıyla release to manufacture, söz konusu yazılımın fiziksel üretime hazır son hâlini ifade eder.
RTW[değiştir | kaynağı değiştir]
Release to the Web, dağıtımı İnternet üzerinden yapılan ürünler için geçerli olan bir terimdir.
Kaynakça[değiştir | kaynağı değiştir]
Ayrıca bakınız[değiştir | kaynağı değiştir]
|Yazılım ile ilgili bu madde taslak seviyesindedir. Madde içeriğini genişleterek Vikipedi'ye katkı sağlayabilirsiniz.|Human immunodeficiency virus is a virus that attacks the immune system by infecting the white blood cells. White blood cells are important part of the immune system which will get destroy by certain virus called HIV which leads to lack of white blood cells which reduces the immune power.
Related Journals of Human Immunodefeciency Virus
Archives of Clinical Microbiology, Journal of HIV & Retro Virus, Journal of Infectious Diseases and Diagnosis, Journal of Medical Microbiology & Diagnosis, Mycobacterial Diseases, Pediatric Infectious Diseases: Open Access, Virology & Mycology, The lancet HIV, Journal of clinical research in HIV AIDS and prevention, AIDS research and treatment, HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.), Journal of AIDS and HIV research (Online), Journal of HIV AIDS surveillance & epidemiology, Future HIV therapy, Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention in Children and Youth, AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, HIV and AIDS Review.کاسه چرخ عقب کاپرا Brake Drum Capra
نقش کاسه چرخ در خودرو کاپرا
کاسه چرخ عقب یا درام ترمز عقب، یک ظرف استوانه ای شکل است که درون چرخ خودرو و در بالای آن وصل می شود و با سرعتی هم اندازه با تایر ها می چرخد. کاسه چرخ مجموعه ای از کفشک های ترمز را احاطه کرده و با وجود مواد و ترکیبات که درون این کاسه قرار دارد، موجب ایجاد اصطکاک خواهد شد. در هنگامی که پدال ترمز فشار داده می شود، کفشک ها به سمت بیرون و در برابر سطح داخلی کاسه چرخ فشار داده می شوند کخ موجب ایجاد اصطکاک و در نتیجه کاهش سرعت خودرو می شود. کاسه چرخ عقب به طور معمول از آهن ساخته شده است تا در برابر سایش مقاوم باشد. کاسه چرخ ها از سال 1900و به طور عمده در خودروهای میباخ مرسدس بنز به کار می رفت. اگرچه این ایده در سال 1902 توسط لوئیس رنو به ثبت رسید.
ترمز های زیاد چه تاثیری بر کاسه چرخ دارد؟
کاسه چرخ می تواند مستعد تولید گرما باشد که تأثیر نامطلوبی بر عملکرد ترمز خواهد داشت. اگر کاسه چرخ در یک مدت طولانی تحت ترمز شدید قرار بگیرد، گرمای تولید شده توسط آن می تواند باعث انبساط خود کاسه شود. به این معنی که کفش های ترمز باید بیشتر به سمت بیرون فشار داده شوند تا به سطح داخلی درام فشار بیاورند. این امر منجر به به وجود آمدن پدیده ای به نام «پدال بلند» می شود، یعنی راننده پدال ترمز را بیشتر از حالت عادی به پایین فشار دهد تا عملکرد ترمزگیری موفق ای داشته باشد.
در صورت گشاد شدن کاسه چرخ عقب، ترمزهای درام نیز می توانند مستعد ورود آب باشند. اگر آب وارد کاسه شود، ممکن است بین کفشک ترمز و داخل کاسه چرخ فشرده شده و در مدت زمانی که خودرو طولانی تاثیر نامطلوبی را بر ترمز خودرو خواهد داشت.The Variation of Hydrogen Peroxide in Rainwater Over the South and Central Atlantic Ocean
The concentration of hydrogen peroxide in rainwater over the South and Central Atlantic Ocean was determined. The rainwater samples were collected during an Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) sponsored baseline expedition in May and June 1996. The concentration of hydrogen peroxide was determined on diluted samples using a cobalt-catalyzed luminol chemiluminesence method. The concentration of hydrogen peroxide in rainwater varied from 3.5 to 71 mu M with an average (n = 25) and standard deviation of 26 and 22 mu M, respectively. These are similar to previously reported average hydrogen peroxide concentrations in marine rainwater of the Gulf of Mexico (40 mu M), the western Atlantic Ocean (13 mu M), and Florida Keys (28 mu M). The concentration of hydrogen peroxide in rainwater varied with time of the day, with lower concentrations in early morning and higher concentrations in the late afternoon. The rainwater concentration of hydrogen peroxide also decreased during a rainstorm that may be an indication of a washout effect. The general levels of hydrogen peroxide in rainwater reported here and elsewhere together with the satellite-measured global distribution of precipitation indicate that wet deposition could affect water column hydrogen peroxide significantly in certain parts of the world. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Shiller, A. M.
(2000). The Variation of Hydrogen Peroxide in Rainwater Over the South and Central Atlantic Ocean. Atmospheric Environment, 34(23), 3973-3980.
Available at: https://aquila.usm.edu/fac_pubs/4321主人零是一个没见过什么世面的乡下男孩，所以第一次到东京参加动漫展的他兴奋不已。而这个时候，奇怪的事发生了，当他打开厕所的门走进去后，竟然出现了一个不一样的世界。紧接着零就遭到一位少女(Mave)追杀，就在他以为死定了的时候，一个绿发少女(SuperSylph)突然出现并救了零...随后零又陆续遇到了这个世界里的另外3位少女(Sylphid、Fand-I和Fand-II)，而且零从SuperSylph口中得知这个世界是一个动画迷根据自己的意念创造出来的幻想世界……零在这个世界里将会有怎样的奇遇？这几位少女的命运又会有怎样的发展？与著名的硬派SF动画OVA《战斗妖精雪风》所不同的是，美少女战斗机动画《战斗妖精少女》是一部以“萌”为主旨的作品。به گزارش پایگاه خبری اخبار کشتی ایران www.iwn.ir براساس حکم صادر شده از سوی رسول خادم رییس فدراسیون کشتی، سیروس پور به ترتیب در رقابت های بین المللی کشتی آزاد و فرنگی جام روز جهانی کودک در روزهای 29 آبان ماه تا 4 آذرماه، مسابقات بین المللی کشتی آزاد و فرنگی جام شاهد در روزهای 6 تا 11 آذرماه و رقابت های جام باشگاه های جهان در دو رشته آزاد و فرنگی در روزهای 16 و 17 آذرماه و 23 و 24 آذرماه نظارت بر عملکرد ستاد اجرایی رقابت ها را به عهده خواهد داشت .
به نظر می رسد، رسول خادم که طی یکی دو ماه آینده سخت درگیر انتخابات فدراسیون کشتی خواهد بود، تصمیم گرفته است، امور اجرایی رقابت های پیش رو را به سیروس پور بسپارد، تا هم مسابقات به خوبی برگزار شود و خود با خیالی آسوده به امور انتخابات و مسائل حاشیه ایی آن برسد.
پرویز سیروس پور, مشاور عالی اجرایی فدراسیون کشتی, اخبار کشتی ایران星期六，我准备了白纸、剪刀、胶水、水彩笔，就开始做拼图了。
我先用黑色的水彩笔在白纸上画了一个大圆、两个小圆、四个半圆和一个小月牙，然后给它们涂上鲜艳的颜色，最后用剪刀沿着黑线小心地剪下来，并把它们贴在白纸上。
粉红色的大圆变成了小兔的脸，紫色的小圆成了小兔的眼睛，红色小月牙让小兔笑起来了，两个半圆就成了兔子的小耳朵，剩下的两个小半圆作成了可爱的耳洞。
我的小兔拼图就做好了。مدیر عامل شرکت گاز استان گلستان: بالغ بر ۶۱ روستای شهرستان علی آبادکتول از نعمت گاز طبیعی برخوردار هستند
مدیرعامل شرکت گاز استان گلستان با بیان این مطلب که در حال حاضر از تعداد ۷۱ روستای شهرستان علی آبادکتول تعداد ۶۱ روستا از نعمت گاز طبیعی بهره مند شده اند اظهار کرد: ۸ روستا در مرحله اجرا و ۲ روستا نیز در دست طراحی می باشند.
به گزارش گروه اقتصادی کمالان نیوز: محمد رحیم رحیمی مدیرعامل شرکت گاز استان گلستان در این باره گفت: تا کنون در شهرستان علی آبادکتول نزدیک به ۶۷۵ کیلومتر شبکه گاز رسانی اجرا شده که تعداد ۲۴ هزار انشعاب نصب و بالغ بر ۴۷۳۱۵ مشترک جذب و تعداد ۴۹ واحد صنعتی عمده نیز گاز رسانی شده است.
وی بیان کرد: در حال حاضر از تعداد ۷۱ روستای شهرستان علی آبادکتول تعداد ۶۱ روستا از نعمت گاز طبیعی بهره مند شده اند و ۸ روستا درمرحله اجرا و ۲ روستا نیز در دست طراحی می باشند.
رحیمی با تقدیر از مجریان پروژه های گاز رسانی در جریان مسائل و مشکلات موجود قرار گرفته و یاد آور شد: با عنایت به اینکه پروژه های مذکور کوهستانی بوده و اجرای آن بسیار سخت و مشکل است، اما درحال حاضر این پروژه در حال اجرا می باشند.Akkase Terimi Hakkında Bilgiler
Yazma Eser (Hat-Tezhip-Ebru-Cilt-Minyatür) Terimi Olarak Akkase:
Yazma eserlerde, vassale gibi ekleme biçiminde olmayıp, bir kâğıdın kenar ve orta kısımlarının ayrı renklerde boyanmasına ve bu şekildeki kenarı başka, ortası başka renkli kitaplara verilen ad.
Osmanlı Türkçesi Terimi Olarak Akkâse:
Yazmalarda, kâğıdın kenarı ve orta kısmı, hem ahengi hem de düzeni sağlamak için ayrı ayrı renklerle boyanırdı. İşte, kâğıdın hem kenarlarının hem ortasının ayrı ayrı boyanması işleminden geçerek yazılmış kitaplara "Akkâse" denirdi.
Benzer Yazma Eser (Hat-Tezhip-Ebru-Cilt-Minyatür) Terimleri:
Koltuk: 1- Murakkaların ilk satırını teşkil eden sülüs yazıdan sonra, nesih yazı ile o satırdan kısa olarak yazılan satırların iki tarafında kalan boş kısımla
Derkenar: Yazma kitaplarda, sayfa kenarındaki beyit veya yazılar. Esas yazının kenarlarına yazılan yazı. Çıkma yazı. Yazının/resmin alt ya da yan taraflarındaki
İç: Arap harflerinin karınlı veya tekneli olanlarının çizgi içindeki kısımlarına verilen isim.
Boyalar: Eski tezhib sanatımızda kullanılan boyalar, kök ve toprak boyalardan hazırlanırdı. Toprak boyalar arap zamkı ile iki mermer arasında ezilerek ince toz
Malizme: Eskiden, 20 sayfadan ibaret cüz yerine kullanılan bir terimdir.
Çifte Aharlı Kâğıt: İki yüzüne ahar sürülmüş kâğıtlara verilen ad.
Berat: Osmanlı Devleti teşkilatında bazı vazife, hizmet ve memuriyetlere, tayin edilenlere vazifelerini icra etmek üzere, padişahın tuğrası ile verilen mezun
Nokta Demiri: Mücellit terimlerindendir. Noktalar üzerine vurulan demirin adıdır. Bununla ciltlerde nokta yapılır.Getting into a workout routine is a great way to improve your health. Not only does it help you to burn calories, but it also lowers blood pressure and improves your overall fitness.
Exercise is a powerful medicine
Adding more physical activity to your life is a great way to improve your health. There are many benefits of exercise including better health, reduced stress, better sleep and improved mood. It also can help you maintain a healthy weight and decrease your risk for several medical conditions.
Exercise is also a powerful medicine for a number of common mental health challenges. Exercise promotes neural growth, oxygenates your muscles, increases your memory, and can help you combat depression.
It is also a great way to get away from your daily concerns. Studies have shown that people who exercise feel a great sense of well-being.
It also reduces the symptoms of many serious health conditions including depression and anxiety. Exercise is also an effective treatment for Alzheimer’s disease.
Aerobic exercise lowers blood pressure
Increasing physical activity is a key component to preventing and controlling hypertension, one of the leading causes of heart disease. A regular aerobic exercise program may help lower blood pressure by as much as 10 points. It also improves balance and strength and reduces stress. It has been shown to improve sleep quality in patients with hypertension.
A new study from researchers at the University of Connecticut (UConn) shows that exercise training has the potential to reduce office blood pressures. In the study, 24 hypertensive adults were enrolled in a 12-week supervised aerobic exercise training program.
Researchers were able to reduce 24-hour diastolic blood pressure by 2.8+-5.9 mm Hg (P=0.01), and systolic blood pressure by 5.4+-12.2 mm Hg (P=0.03). The results also showed that the physical performance of the exercise group improved, with increased peak oxygen uptake.
Free weights lead to greater hormonal responses
Using free weights in your training routine can lead to higher rates of muscle activation. This leads to a larger acute hormonal response in the context of a training session. During the aforementioned flurry of activity, your body releases a large number of hormones that have a significant effect on your fitness and well-being. In addition, hormones circulate freely until they reach their “target” cells.
There is plenty of research to go by in the realm of hormones and exercise, but it isn’t always clear what is actually good for you. A well-designed program can increase the rate of anabolic hormone production by a factor of ten. Using free weights also improves muscle recruitment and enables you to train in an environment that is less conducive to injury.
Adapting an exercise to work certain muscles
Adapting an exercise to work certain muscles is a complicated process that requires careful consideration and judgment. The best way to go about it is to employ a proper mix of high and low intensity training, along with proper warm up and cool down protocols. Using the proper training methodology can result in a lifetime of improved health and fitness. This is particularly true of those afflicted with cardiovascular disease or a sedentary lifestyle. A proper fitness program should be complemented by a healthy diet and plenty of sleep. It is also a good idea to take your vitamin D levels into consideration. A yearly checkup is also recommended to ensure that you are on the right track.
Stretching after workout helps improve flexibility
Performing stretching exercises after a workout helps you to recover quicker and improves your performance. Stretching also improves your range of motion and helps to remove pent up stress.
Stretching also releases endorphins, which are the body’s natural feel-good chemicals. Stretching helps to improve circulation, which relieves post-workout soreness and reduces lactic acid, a byproduct of exercise.
When performing a stretch, try to use your core to keep your spine straight. Keep a regular breathing pattern during the stretch, but don’t breathe too hard. Hold the stretch for ten to thirty seconds. You should feel a light, albeit mild, pulling sensation. Holding the stretch for longer than this will tire your muscles out and possibly lead to injury.
7-minute workout may not be right for you
Whether or not the 7-minute workout is right for you depends on your needs. It is a good option for people who want to exercise, but don’t have a lot of time to spend. It can also be a good way to start a workout routine. But you may want to avoid it if you have certain health conditions or are a beginner.
The seven-minute workout is not a good option if you are overweight or have a medical condition. Also, it is not a good workout for people who are injured. Before attempting a workout, speak with your healthcare provider to ensure that you are fit to exercise.The Other Side
Written by Jaqueline Woodson
Illustrated by E.B. Lewis
From the Publisher: Clover’s mom says it isn’t safe to cross the fence that segregates their African-American side of town from the white side where Annie lives. But the two girls strike up a friendship and get around the grown-ups’ rules by sitting on top of the fence together.
Despite being told not to cross the fence, Clover and Annie develop a friendship that transcends both societal and physical boundaries in this simple, yet impactful story. The Other Side confronts racism and prejudice head-on as Clover questions why she isn’t supposed to play with Annie, and neither of the girls understands why there needs to be a fence between them.
“Someday somebody’s going to come along and knock this old fence down.”
Hopeful and uplifting, The Other Side is an excellent book for opening
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they might operate in Kenya. They were very demanding. After he had spoken, he left the room without entertaining questions. Rather, he left me to explain to the executives that he meant what he said, and they had better comply or not do business in Kenya.
It was not always this way. In the days of caudillo governments of Latin America, brutal dictators cozied up to foreign businesses. About 1920, dictator Juan Vicente Gomez of Venezuela invited the oil companies to write the petroleum laws. All this began to change with President Roosevelt's Good Neighbor Policy. When the Government of Mexico was threatening to nationalize the oil companies, company executives appealed to Roosevelt to intervene. He refused, saying the U.S. needed Mexico's help in its own defense (thinking of World War II, yet to come). The last exercise of corporate power in Latin America occurred when United Fruit fearful of agrarian reform persuaded the U.S. Government to overthrow President Arbenz in Guatemala, who was receiving military supplies from the Soviet Union. But, those days are over.
Misinformation: Multinational corporations exploit their workers and damage the environment.
Studies by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and the International Labor Organization have shown that in every country in the world (both more and less developed) multinational corporations pay higher wages than domestic corporations, and in the less developed they supply health care, education, and housing of higher quality than their workers could find elsewhere. Other studies have shown that multinational corporations obey environmental laws more than do local companies, and tend less to bribery than do local companies.
Misinformation: The Enron and other scandals reflect a secular decline in business ethics.
Quaker businesses established trust as a business ethic. As soon as it was discovered that businesses could do well by doing good, the idea spread. "Historian Richard Tilly has shown in his study of business practices in Britain and Germany, it was during the 1800s that businessmen started to see that honesty might actually be profitable. . . At the heart of this shift was a far greater emphasis on the accumulation of capital over the long run as opposed to merely short-term profit. Haskell, whom I quoted in TQE #60, reported the same. "Being good capitalists made the Quakers more able to think about the long-term and long-distance consequences of their actions." (Surowiecki*).
How, then, could the scandals of Enron, World.com and others have happened? Surowiecki has an answer: "the short-term gains from self-interested and corrupt behavior were so immense because they had so many stock options and because the boards of directors turned a blind eye that any long-term considerations must have paled by comparison."
If such scandals were integral to the system, why were they concentrated in the 1990s, and not earlier? Possible answer (by Surowiecki*): The 1990s were an unusual period, the top of a business cycle that promotes greed in its upswing. Traditional checks were set aside. Nor was greed confined to CEOs. Employees of Enron, who complained bitterly of their losses, were shouting for joy as the stock went up.
But please note: Enron was brought down, and the perpetrators will probably be punished. "A former director of Tyco International has pleaded guilty to securities fraud, becoming the first board member to be charged with a crime in the recent wave of corporate scandals" (New York Times, 12/18/02). If we measure by a cycle of (say) twenty years, capitalism still punishes its evil-doers.
Here is an informed opinion that recognizes both sides of an issue. In an article entitled, "Compensation of CEOs of large corporations is outrageously high," The New York Times (12/18/02) reports:
So it's a "buddy" system. But two questions arise:
In many cases the answer to both is Yes. On the other hand, it might be No. Through friends who "take care of" each other, he may be milking the corporation just the way the employee-owners of United Airlines milked their company. Or he may not.
Why are misinterpretations held by so many?
In an unpublished paper on ideology (2002), Professor Tyler Cowan of George Mason University offers this perception:
Envisage the Parthenon, with its beautiful roof structure. Call that superstructure your ideology. It is held up by pillars, which are the supporting reasons. Suppose someone shoots down all the pillars (i.e., proves them wrong). Often the ideology stays up there, floating in the air, and new pillars are sought to hold it there.
Much of the analysis in this Letter is the interpretation of various authors (including me). Unlike ideological writings, however. it is grounded on research done by the rules of scholarship. The authors started their investigations not to prove that "the poor are getting poorer," etc. but to study whether or not this is so.
Ideological opinions and "facts" from the grapevine usually do not rest on similar hard ground.
* The two sources frequently cited here are "A Virtuous Cycle," by James Surowiecki in Forbes, 12/23/02, and Philippe Legrain, Open World (Abacus, 2002). Their findings generally support what I had earlier learned from the literature of authors who set aside their ideologies as they undertake their studies. These authors start with no foregone conclusion but search whether a hypothesis is true.
Quakers? Surowiecki builds his case around the truth and honesty of early Quakers, and how these qualities spread to the rest of the population when they were discovered to be profitable.
I just stumbled across The Quaker Economist site and what a breath of fresh air! I thank you for having the courage to stick up for what you believe in, and for trying to debunk a lot of "liberal" myths out there. My Meeting, like most others, seems to perpetuate a lot of them. I think many Friends forget that many historical Quakers owned "big businesses" of their time and were just as capitalist as the multinational corporations that many love to hate these days.
On the relative power of corporations and governments. Can they be compared? In a bargaining situation, it appears that they can, as in your example of the behavior of your Kenyan boss. But when we talk of "power" in a bargaining situation, it's a bad metaphor, because they can't be weighed on the same scale. Basically there is a potential gain from trade, and which side gets the greater share will depend on competitive conditions and bargaining skill.
Steve Williams, Bethesda (MD) Meeting.
Carolyn and I look forward to each issue of your TQE just as you intend it to be: as a stimulating, eloquent, refreshing source of thought and discussion.
Tom Selldorff, Weston (MA).
The 1998 Nobel Laureate in Economics, Amartya Sen, agrees that growth has helped the poor, and that the poor may be getting a little further ahead. Also, that market economies and globalization are essential. To him, the issues to be addressed are the amount of inequality (staggering), and whether the current institutions exacerbate inequalities by their very structure. The example he gave: It is true that in most societies a sexist family gives a woman a better deal than if she were an old maid. But, is this the best possible arrangement? All parties must have fair treatment.
Trudy Reagan, Palo Alto (CA) Friends Meeting.
Thank you for another interesting newsletter. De-bunking these myths is essential if we are to identify policies that are effective in addressing global poverty.
I take minor issue with one of your points, however. You say that "Overwhelmingly, the studies show that the world income gap is increasing." But while most studies show the gap between rich and poor countries increasing, some have shown the average gap between rich and poor people may have been decreasing in recent decades, for the first time since the industrial revolution. The main reason is that China and (to a lesser degree) India have recorded rapid improvements in living standards in recent years, ahead (in percentage growth terms) of those recorded in industrialized countries. These represent just two of approximately 200 countries worldwide, so their improved economic records barely influence comparisons of growth in rich and poor countries not weighted for population size. But they do contain over a third of the world's people, and so the implications of their improving living standards for overall welfare are substantial.
Nicky Cusworth, Perth, Western Australia.
I know globalization is going to continue; but I have some problems with the loss of jobs that will happen as a result of closing of USA: manufacturing and moving to Mexico. For example, Black and Decker is closing the facility at Easton MD and moving to Mexico because of labor costs. Where can a worker in Easton go to find a job that will pay a wage that is even close to the wages at B&D? If you are young and single and educated, you can. What about the others? Will globalization be as disruptive as the Industrial revolution? What's the end game to globalization? I don't think that our young people are ready for this change.
Herb Clark; Homewood Friends Meeting, Baltimore, MD.
Where does the Mexican worker find a job if Black and Decker doesn't move there? Unemployment in Mexico is far greater than in the US. Jack
Some years ago, about 1970 perhaps, the late English writer Kingsley Amis wrote a romping novel entitled The Anti-Death League. The thoughtful underpinning of the novel was that left liberal Labor, by which he meant Maoists, Trotskyites, and run-of-the-mill Stalinists, were growing a totalitarian government based on the unrecognized self-deception that a "humanistic" state could with catholic benefits and scientific research create paradise on earth and end death. He goes further to note that in doing this, by denying death, denying God and eliminating Free Will, that the Anti-Death Leaguers had ceased to be sentient. And that in doing so, had ceased to be human.
The idea that the foreknowledge of death, an awareness of God and free will is what constitutes sentience and is what distinguishes man from animal is very ancient. Through thirty years in Washington, I found that few bureaucrats or Hill denizens picked up my, meaning when I accused them of membership in the Anti-Death League.
Ron Jones, Episcopalian, Washington (DC).
Every one who proposes repealing the tax on dividends says the tax is disproportionately good for the rich because they invest more. But double taxes are the reason companies often do not pay dividends. The company is encouraged artificially to increase shareholder value by investing excess cash flow into the business. With the elimination of the double tax, companies will be encouraged to distribute profits, unless they can invest them at a better rate than the shareholder.
Bottom line: I see repeal as a good move that removes an artificial barrier for companies to pay dividends. It should encourage companies to make better investments, which in the long run should be better for the shareholder and society.
Kruskal Hewitt, Media Monthly Meeting (Pa.) Sojourning Tokyo MM.
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Publisher and Editorial Board
Publisher: Russ Nelson, St. Lawrence Valley (NY) Friends Meeting
Members of the Editorial Board receive Letters several days in advance for their criticisms, but they do not necessarily endorse the contents of any of them.
Copyright © 2002 by John P. Powelson. All rights reserved. Permission is hereby granted for non-commercial reproduction.Plantainler, tatlı muzlarımızın lezzetli, nişastalı kuzenleridir. Hem tatlı hem de tuzlu yemeklerde kullanılırlar. Siyaha veya kahverengiye dönüşen olgun plantainler, normal muzlar gibi deri şeritleri çıkarılarak soyulabilir, ancak hala yeşil olan plantainleri soymak için keskin bir bıçak veya buhar kullanmanız gerekir.
adımlar
Yöntem 1/3: Yeşil bir muzu soyun
Adım 1. Uçları kesin
Muzu bir kesme tahtası üzerine düz bir şekilde yatırın. Meyvenin uçlarını kesmek için keskin bir bıçak kullanın.
Adım 2. Cildi çıkıntılar boyunca puanlayın
Muzu incelerseniz, derisinin uzunlamasına çizgiler oluşturduğunu göreceksiniz. Bu sırtlar boyunca cildi puanlamak için bıçağı kullanın. Çok derin kesmeyin yoksa muza zarar verirsiniz. Bıçağı cildi çizecek kadar sokun.
Adım 3. Parmak ve bıçakla deri şeritlerini çıkarın
Uzunlamasına çalışarak, ucunu parmaklarınızla kaldırarak bir deri şeridi çıkarın. Bıçağı daha kolay gevşetmek için kullanın ve şerit tamamen çıkana kadar çekmeye devam edin. Cildin geri kalanını da aynı şekilde çıkarın.
Adım 4. Kalan deri parçalarını kesin
Yeşil plantainler kolayca soyulmazlar, bu yüzden muhtemelen birkaç deri parçasının hala ete yapıştığını göreceksiniz. Onları bıçakla kesin ve atın. Muz artık kullanıma hazırdır.
Yöntem 2/3: Buğulanmış bir muzu soyun
Adım 1. Uçları kesin
Muzu kesme tahtası üzerine düz bir şekilde koyun ve uçlarını keskin bir bıçakla kesin.
Adım 2. Cildi çıkıntılar boyunca puanlayın
Sırtlar boyunca derideki çentikleri kesmek için bıçağı kullanın. Çok derin kesmeyin, çünkü eti kesmemelisiniz. Bıçağı deriyi çizecek kadar içeri itmeniz yeterli.
Muz parçaları gerektiren bir tarifi takip ediyorsanız, meyveleri sadece çizgiler boyunca kesmek yerine parçalara ayırabilirsiniz
Adım 3. Muzu buğulayın
Bir buharlı pişiriciye veya 1,5 cm kaynar su içeren bir tencereye koyun. Buharlı pişiriciye veya tencereye bir kapak koyun ve muzun sekiz ila on dakika pişmesine izin verin. Muzu mutfak maşası ile ocaktan alın. Hafif yumuşak olmalıdır.
İsterseniz, muzları buharda pişirmek yerine haşlayabilirsiniz. Muz tamamen suya batacak şekilde bir tencereye yeterince su koyun. Suyu tam kaynama noktasına getirin. Muzu kaynar suya daldırın ve kabuğu soyulmaya başlayana kadar yaklaşık 15 dakika pişirin
Adım 4. Muzu soyun
Hafifçe soğuduğunda, cildi kolayca çıkarabilirsiniz. Gerekirse keskin bir bıçak kullanarak parmaklarınızla şeritler halinde çıkarın.
Yöntem 3/3: Olgun bir muzu soyun
Adım 1. Muzu sapından alın
Bir elinizle alt kısmından, diğer elinizle sapından tutarak tatlı bir muz gibi tutun. Muz kahverengiye döndüyse ve olgunlaştıysa, kabuğu kolayca soyulmalıdır.
Adım 2. Çubuğu aşağı çekin
Cilt uzun bir şerit halinde soyulmaya başlamalıdır. Bu ilk şeridi elinizle tamamen çıkarın.
Adım 3. Cildin geri kalanını çıkarın
İlk şeridi soyduğunuzda, geri kalanı sorunsuz bir şekilde gelecektir. Tüm cildi çıkarın ve atın. Muz artık kullanıma hazırdır.
Adım 4. Masada
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Tavsiye
- Pişmiş veya tavada pişirilmiş muz eti sadece tuzla servis edilebilir: tek başına lezzetli olacaktır.
- Karamelize muz, Güney Amerika'da popüler bir yemektir. Meyveyi soyduktan sonra, yaklaşık 1 cm kalınlığında oval dilimler yapmak için yanlamasına kesin. Uygun yağı bir tavaya dökün ve yüksek ateşte ısıtın. Bir seferde birkaç dilim muz ekleyin ve her iki tarafta bir dakika ile bir buçuk dakika arasında veya kenarları hafif siyah olan altın rengi kahverengi olana kadar soteleyin. Fazla yağı çıkarmak için kağıt havlularla kaplı bir tabağa koyun. Tatmadan önce tuz ve karabiber.
- Muz cipsleri yapmak için muz dilimlerini kesmek için bir mandolin veya soyucu kullanın ve ikinci soyma yöntemini izleyin. Dilimleri mümkün olduğunca ince yapın.
- Muz dilimleri, taze mısır çorbasına eklenen lezzetlidir.
- Plantain'lerinizi takip edeceğiniz tarife göre seçin. Olgun plantainler tatlıdır ve soyulması en kolay olanlardır, ancak bazı tarifler için uygun değildir. Olgunlaşmamış plantainler yeşil ve serttir ve mofongo (püresi sote edilmiş plantainlerden yapılan bir yemek) veya patacones (kalın, iki kez kızartılmış muz cipsi) gibi yemekler için harikadır. Olgun plantainler sarıdır ve daha hassastır ve çok olgun plantainler yumuşaktır ve siyah benekli sarı bir cilde sahiptir. Kabuğu ne kadar koyu ve meyve ne kadar yumuşak olursa, et o kadar tatlı olur.
- Maduros, tüketim için çok kaliteli plantainlerdir.
Uyarılar
- Asla çiğ bir muz yemeyin. Sıradan tatlı muzlar çiğ olarak yenebilir, ancak plantainleri pişirmeniz gerekir yoksa korkunç bir karın ağrınız olur.
- Bıçağı tutarken dikkatli olun.Şirket Detayları
Ningxia Bornstein Import & Export Co., Ltd
Kiraz domates, genellikle küçük domates olarak adlandırılır, Çin resmi adı kiraz domates, yıllık bitkidir, solanaceae domates aittir. 2 metre kadar büyüyebildiği zaman
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برای کودکان باتجربه فراهم می کند تا با هم همدیگر را صرف کنند. بدون این فرصت ها، کودکان باتجربه می توانند احساس غرور کنند؛ آنها می توانند به تنهایی و به تنهایی احساس کنند و همچنین می توانند فکر کنند که چیزی با آنها اشتباه است.
یک برنامه با استعداد خوب مشاوره برای کودکان خواهد داشت. کودکان باتجربه اغلب قربانی اذیت و آزار و اذیت هستند. در حالی که آنها تنها بچه هایی نیستند که می توانند طعنه زده و مورد آزار و اذیت قرار گیرند، حساسیت احساسی آنها می تواند برای آنها مقابله کند. حتی اگر آنها نه عجیب و غریب و نه آزار و اذیت باشند، کودکان باتجربه ممکن است نیاز به کمک به مقابله با احساسات خود، به ویژه اگر آنها بسیار احساسی حساس هستند .
چرا معلمان خوب تفاوت می گیرند
معلمان که برای کار با کودکان باهوش آموزش دیده اند و واقعا آنها را درک می کنند، می توانند تفاوت زیادی را با کودکان باتجربه داشته باشند.
حتی معلمان که آموزش های لازم را برای برآورده ساختن نیازهای کودکان باهوش نداشته اند می توانند تفاوت ایجاد کنند، در صورتی که قبول کنند که کودکان مختلف نیازهای متفاوت دارند.
بعضی از معلمان، هر کودک را به عنوان فردی می بینند و به دنبال ارائه تجربیات چالش برانگیز برای هر کودک در کلاس می باشند. این نوع معلم را می توان در هر مدرسه - خصوصی یا عمومی پیدا کرد. این نوع معلم هرگز سعی در نگه داشتن یک کودک با استعداد نداشته و اغلب اولین کسی است که متوجه می شود که یک کودک پیشرفته است، گاهی اوقات حتی قبل از اینکه پدر و مادر آن را درک کنند.
معلمان که در تلاش برای ارائه تجربیات یادگیری به چالش کشیدن برای هر یک از کودکان در کلاس های خود هستند، اغلب حتی بهتر است که یک معلم که با کودکان با استعداد کار کرده است، اما هنوز نمی تواند تفاوت های فردی را ببیند.
کودکان در کلاس های آموزش داده شده توسط این نوع معلم به چالش کشیده و حمایت می شوند. آنها همچنین اغلب به عنوان مدافع کودکان در کلاس خود که نیاز به بیشتر از آنها احساس می کنند آنها می توانند ارائه دهند. برای مثال، اگر دولت به جست و خیز سوءاستفاده کند، ممکن است اغلب آنها را با والدین راهنمایی کند.
افکار بسته
هنگامی که به دنبال بهترین مدرسه برای کودک خود هستید، مطمئن شوید که آنچه را که هر مدرسه ارائه می دهد را در نظر بگیرید. با این ایده که یک مدرسه خصوصی برای کودک باهوش شما بهتر است شروع نکنید. شما ممکن است فرزندتان را در تنظیمات بدتر از چیزی که در مدرسه عمومی پیدا کرده اید، به پایان برسانید - و شما می خواهید برای آن بیشتر پرداخت کنید! برخی از مدارس خصوصی، البته، عالی هستند، اما برخی مدارس دولتی نیز وجود دارند.XYO社区负责人Johnny Kolassinski最近与内幕人士分享了他的观点和见解。这个社区是一个运行在“ 数据先知（Decentralized Data Oracle，Oracle指可以提供一些关于真实世界事件的额外信息的代理人）”上的“人力”定位网络。
Kolassinski，斯坦福艺术学院的前市场和设计协调员，一直与XYO项目的相关人员密切合作。根据XYO的官方网站，XYO平台具有“在不需要信任关系的情况下验证多来源数据”的能力。
正如XYO的开发人员所指出的，该平台的软件能够使用户“拍摄[宠物]的照片或[检测]运输卡车中的温度”。XYO意味着您可以永久记录两个设备之间的宝贵数据，即使它们是被独立拥有和控制的。
可用于“建立[用户个人]数据或其他数据的有效性”。
内置协议使得“欺骗交互”不可能实现
当被问到为什么我们应该使用基于分布源的地理位置数据，而不是集中的备选数据时，Kolassinski告诉加密内幕人士，“主要原因是当你依赖一个单一的可信任的数据源时，这意味着你可能会失去对它的访问权，或者你可能会收到不准确或不正确的数据。通过创建一个信任度低的系统，我们可以减少不良行为体或单点控制的可能性。”
他补充说：“我们的绑定见证协议还创造了一个实际上不可能发生欺骗交互的环境，这在许多行业中具有巨大的长期潜力。”
充当先知
在评论XYO网络如何将智能合约整合到其平台上时，Kolainski指出：“我们的主要关注点不是创建智能合约——我们相当于是智能合约先知。XYO是推动执行智能合约的数据源—例如，“如果这两个设备在一起，则可以释放锁定在智能合约中的付款。”我们创建了一个基于Solidity的智能合约“插件”，可以插入到ETH智能合约中，直到我们的完整API可用为止。
当被问及XYO网络提供的主要产品，以及它们为什么有用时，Kolassinski说：“我们从蓝牙哨兵(Bluetooth Sentinels)开始做起。这些是蓝牙信标(Bluetooth beacons )，当它们彼此靠近时共享信息，我们称之为“绑定见证交互（Bound Witness Interaction）。”
他继续说：“每个哨兵都有自己的绑定证人互动记录。通过检查多个节点的legers（分类账），你可以核实是否发生了绑定见证交互。”
将传感器数据附加到绑定见证交互上
关于XYO将推出的下一系列产品，Kolasinski说：“我们发布的下一代设备可能包括传感器。传感器数据可以附加到绑定见证交互上，来提供报告数据的可审核的不可变记录。”
例如，两个带温度计的哨兵可以确保他们在给定的时间点报告了相同的温度。如果只有一个节点有传感器，那么仍然有一个独立的记录证明报告的数据没有被更改。任何类型的传感器数据都可以附加，例如空气质量、速度、管道压力等。
XYO的效用令牌
在回答XYO的效用令牌如何工作的问题时，项目的社区负责人说：“XYO令牌以gas（对于每个被执行的命令都会有特定的消耗，以gas为单位计数）为单位计量服务于网络。在网络上发出查询请求需要用到XYO，例如“这两个节点交互了吗？报告了哪些数据？”当查询被应答时，XYO将被分发到帮助提供应答的节点上。
使用，而不是
正如我们在谈话中确认的那样，Kolassinski在2018年11月发布的一篇博文中指出，XYO令牌最初是作为ERC-20的令牌发布的。然而，XYO的开发人员一直希望成为“平台不可知论者”，同时也要与支持智能合约的区块链网络兼容。
尽管XYO的开发人员计划推出他们自己的基于分布式账本技术（DLT）的网络，这可能有助于降低交易费用（以及其他好处），但他们认为这是一个“复杂的过程”。由于其技术复杂性，这也给他们自己带来了挑战，平台的开发人员决定探索另一种基于IPFS的解决方案。他们声称，这将使他们能够更快地发布工作产品。
Diviners（预言机）存储查询结果
为了尽快推出一个新的有效产品，XYO团队决定使用IPFS，它是一个开源分布的在线数据存储系统。通过使用IPFS，XYP网络上的“”将能够存储[用户]或[系统]查询的答案，包括用于生成答案和唯一哈希的所有绑定见证交互。
根据XYO的博客，这个哈希被附加到一个在“原始智能合约平台（如以太坊）”进行的交易上，而XYO令牌将被分布在贡献数据的节点之间。
为了帮助大家更好地阅读，可参考下面文中出现的专业术语解释
XYO网络：XYO网络是世界上第一个预言机协议，可支持两个实体在没有中心化第三方的情况下，在现实世界中进行交易。
XYO令牌：我们使用XYO令牌来激励提供准确可靠的启发式位置数据的理想行为。为了验证指定对象的XY坐标，XYO令牌可以被认为是与真实世界进行交互所需的“媒介”。
蓝牙哨兵(Bluetooth Sentinels)：即数据收集器，收集真实世界物体位置启发式数据，并准备来源证明，以供之后的节点使用。
XY预言机网络：XYO网络致力于构建一个去信任、去中心化的位置预测系统，该系统能够抵抗攻击，并在查询可用数据时提供最高的确定性。我们利用一系列抽象技术构建了这个网络，通过零知识证明链大大降低了系统组件中出现位置欺骗的风险。
原创文章，作者：Kiko，如若转载，请注明出处：https://ipfsdrop.com/news/weishenmetamenxuanzeipfserbushijianlizijidequkuailian/Affinché il sistema di approvvigionamento idrico fornisca il massimo comfort ai residenti, è necessario tenere conto di molte sfumature, per calcolare correttamente tutti i parametri operativi e i componenti tecnici. È molto desiderabile iniziare lo sviluppo nella fase di un progetto architettonico.
Incarnare le idee nella vita e stabilire l'approvvigionamento idrico di una casa privata con le proprie mani dovrebbe, se non un professionista, quindi una persona che è penetrata in tutte le sottigliezze.
Il principio di funzionamento del sistema autonomo di approvvigionamento idrico
Il sistema di approvvigionamento idrico è uno degli elementi più importanti nel miglioramento domestico. L'essenza del suo lavoro risiede nell'erogazione automatizzata del volume d'acqua richiesto, per il quale l'utente ha ora solo bisogno di avviare l'apparecchiatura e quindi semplicemente monitorarlo periodicamente.
Una rete autonoma, indipendente dalla rete idrica centrale, deve essere adeguatamente progettata e progettata in modo che la casa possa essere completamente rifornita di acqua in base alle esigenze dei proprietari. È necessario organizzare il sistema in modo che l'acqua scorra liberamente in tutti i punti di ingresso dell'acqua.
Per il normale funzionamento, il sistema di alimentazione idrica è dotato di dispositivi e dispositivi tecnici che consentono il funzionamento automatico o parzialmente automatico.
Per automatizzare il processo viene utilizzato un idroaccumulatore. È utilizzato come serbatoio tampone per la fornitura di acqua e come dispositivo per mantenere una pressione stabile. Nel serbatoio della membrana ci sono due scomparti: per l'aria e l'acqua, sono separati da una membrana di gomma. Quando il serbatoio è pieno d'acqua, la camera d'aria è sempre più compressa, a causa della quale la pressione aumenta.
In risposta ad un aumento di pressione, l'interruttore elettrico spegne la pompa. Non appena uno dei proprietari apre il rubinetto, la pressione nel sistema inizia a cadere. Il relè reagisce di nuovo alla caduta di pressione e accende la pompa per reintegrare l'acqua consumata.
L'uso di un idroaccumulatore nello schema di approvvigionamento idrico consente non solo di automatizzare il processo di assunzione di acqua e di garantire la sua fornitura. Attrezzature di pompaggio delle risorse significativamente prolungate riducendo i cicli di accensione / spegnimento.
Per scegliere i parametri di sistema corretti, è necessario:
- Formulare i requisiti per l'intensità e la regolarità dell'approvvigionamento idrico. È possibile che in una piccola casa di campagna si possa fare con un sistema con un serbatoio di stoccaggio convenzionale e un minimo di impianti idraulici.
- Identificare le possibili fonti, la fattibilità e il costo delle loro strutture, la qualità dell'acqua.
- Scegli l'attrezzatura e calcola le opzioni per la posa di reti ingegneristiche.
Un sistema ben progettato richiede un'installazione professionale, l'uso di componenti di alta qualità.
Selezione delle fonti e dispositivo di presa dell'acqua
Per l'organizzazione del sistema idraulico a casa, le acque sotterranee sono più spesso utilizzate, preferendo l'acquifero protetto da rocce impermeabili.
I punti del loro apporto e l'ubicazione dell'area suburbana non devono essere coordinati con le autorità SES, se si deve operare un pozzo non artesiano. L'uso di fonti di superficie richiede una giustificazione speciale.
La scelta del tipo di struttura di presa d'acqua dipende principalmente dalle caratteristiche della situazione geologica della zona, dalla profondità delle falde acquifere, dalla quantità di acqua consumata.
Molto spesso, vengono usati pozzi e pozzi, meno spesso - dripstones di molle, ecc. La scelta di un particolare dispositivo di sollevamento dell'acqua dipende dalla costruzione della struttura.
Le strutture per la raccolta dell'acqua di una categoria tecnica sono poste a non più di 20 metri dai sistemi di trattamento, dai pozzi di compostaggio, dai servizi igienici pubblici delle condotte fognarie e da altre potenziali fonti di inquinamento.
Il sito per il proprio dispositivo viene scelto non allagato, escludendo allagamenti e possibili contaminazioni della sorgente con acque di piena.
La struttura di presa d'acqua dovrebbe essere circondata da un'area cieca di circa 2 m di larghezza, quindi un castello di argilla largo 50 cm e profondo 100 cm, la parte di terra dovrebbe salire di 80 cm e avere una copertura che protegge da precipitazioni e polvere.
Quando si raccolgono, trasportano e immagazzinano acqua, è necessario utilizzare materiali sicuri che non ne compromettano la qualità.
Utilizzo di un pozzo per l'organizzazione dell'approvvigionamento idrico
La scelta a favore del pozzo viene effettuata più spesso se l'acqua si trova a una profondità di venti metri. Esistono due tipi di pozzi:
- Artesiano. Può essere una profondità di 100 m o più. Occasionalmente ci sono degli schizzi, se disposti in un decadimento. Lo svantaggio è l'alto costo del lavoro. Inoltre, l'acqua può essere altamente mineralizzata, il che influirà negativamente sul funzionamento della pompa e degli apparecchi sanitari.
- Pozzi poco profondi (tra cui abissino). La loro installazione costa molto meno, ma lo svantaggio è che nel tempo possono essere interrotti, soprattutto se non vengono utilizzati costantemente. Per il sollevamento dell'acqua è necessaria l'installazione di speciali attrezzature di pompaggio.
I pozzi sono le strutture di assunzione dell'acqua più comuni.
Il loro design può differire, ma il principio generale del dispositivo è preservato, sono costituiti da tali parti:
- La bocca e le parti fuori terra. Secondo le regole, la bocca si deposita nella camera sotterranea - il cassone. Se il cassone non viene utilizzato per impedire infiltrazioni di acqua piovana nel pozzo, viene costruita una punta sigillata.
- La canna, le cui pareti rinforzano l'involucro di plastiche in lega d'acciaio. Occasionalmente, tubi di cemento-amianto sono utilizzati per organizzare pozzi artesiani a grandi profondità.
- La parte di aspirazione, che ha un pozzetto e un filtro. Nelle rocce non è possibile utilizzare i dispositivi per il filtraggio.
Si consiglia di creare un'area cieca intorno all'edificio. Per i pozzi interrati, è consigliabile dotare un luogo speciale per il drenaggio dell'acqua al fine di prevenire l'erosione del suolo durante il lavaggio dello scavo.
Se non è possibile organizzare il luogo, sarà necessario noleggiare un aspirapolvere per rimuovere l'acqua dal risciacquo.
L'uso dei pozzi come fonte di acqua
Il pozzo è costruito principalmente da anelli di cemento, muratura, a volte le loro pareti sono fatte di legno. Consiste in una parte fuori terra con un tubo di sfiato rimosso, un barile, un ingresso di acqua e parti portanti d'acqua.
L'acqua all'interno del pozzo può fluire attraverso il fondo o le pareti, o entrambi da entrambi. Se l'aspirazione passa attraverso il fondo, affondato nella sabbia, quindi viene fornito con un filtro inferiore di ghiaia.
Quando l'acqua penetra attraverso il muro, vengono disposte speciali "finestre" di calcestruzzo poroso, che sono coperte di ghiaia come filtro aggiuntivo.
Dispositivo di camere prigioniere quando si utilizza una molla
Il dispositivo della struttura protettiva sopra la molla differisce poco dalla costruzione del pozzo. L'acqua può anche fluire attraverso il fondo o le pareti, che sono dotati di filtri. Non è richiesto alcun filtraggio della roccia.
Se nell'acqua sono presenti particelle sospese, la camera viene divisa a metà da una parete divisoria, uno per la sedimentazione e la pulizia dei sedimenti, l'altro per l'acqua.
Per uscire dall'acqua in eccesso con il massimo debito della sorgente, nella parete della camera è previsto un tubo di troppo pieno. Alla sua estremità, viene installata una valvola che consente il passaggio dell'acqua, ma impedisce l'ingresso di detriti e roditori nella molla.
Attrezzatura per l'approvvigionamento idrico automatico
La scelta del metodo di sistemazione e installazione del sistema di approvvigionamento idrico di una casa di campagna inizia con una valutazione del tipo di struttura di presa dell'acqua, della sua profondità e di altre caratteristiche. Il sistema automatizzato include:
- pompa o stazione di pompaggio finita;
- sistema di filtrazione per il trattamento delle acque;
- capacità cumulativa e regolatrice;
- pipeline esterna ed interna;
- dispositivi per la regolazione automatica.
Durante l'installazione di serbatoi e pompe, è necessario rispettare rigorosamente i requisiti dei produttori di apparecchiature.
Vasche di regolazione e stoccaggio per l'acqua
Le capacità per una riserva d'acqua si distinguono per il principio di funzionamento:
- Serbatoio con perdite non sotto pressione. È fatto principalmente da materiali polimerici. Aiuta a creare la testa a causa del posizionamento nel punto più alto del sistema. Più è alto il serbatoio di stoccaggio, maggiore è la pressione dell'acqua nel sistema. Il sollevamento del serbatoio per metro aumenta la pressione di 0,1 atmosfere.
- Serbatoio idropneumatico. All'interno è diviso in due scomparti da una membrana. Crea una pressione dovuta all'aria compressa in un compartimento che, attraverso una membrana di gomma, esercita una pressione sull'acqua nel compartimento adiacente.
Il serbato
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the guitar had a removable drawer in its bass rim section, where they found electronics. This resulted in the transfer of signals from a wooden bridge to a metal plate.
This metal plate was responsible for amplification and electric output, and Harry DeArmond’s pickup was the first commercial electric pickup available. So many people adopted this design quickly, and this was because it didn’t require any modification of any sort.
So far, we have discussed with you what an electric acoustic guitar is, alongside a brief history of the acoustic-electric guitar. There are other things we would like to show you about this guitar.
What Is An Acoustic-Electric Guitar?
An acoustic-electric guitar is very similar to a regular acoustic guitar. Still, the difference between the two instruments is that the electric acoustic guitar comes with preamp and pickup controls.
A regular acoustic guitar does not come with any of these controls, and anyone playing with the electric acoustic guitar is believed to have the edge over someone playing with the regular acoustic guitar.
Converting sounds into electronic signals for the preamp to amplify is what the pickup is designed to achieve on an electric acoustic guitar.
Also, you can amplify sounds thanks to the combination of the preamp and pickup, whether you are using a PA system, mixer, or amplifier. Finally, it allows recording acoustic directly while using an audio capturing device like an audio interface.
This is why so many users prefer the electric acoustic guitar for use during live performances because it offers the easy option of plugging in and playing.
Amplifying a regular acoustic guitar is different from doing it on an electric acoustic guitar. You can amplify signals by placing a microphone close to the soundhole of the PA system. However, this method offers little flexibility, and other questions are asked about both guitars.
Interesting Post to read: Is Piano Easier Than Guitar? Here’s Our Opinion
Can An Electric Acoustic Guitar Be Played Like A Regular Acoustic Guitar?
The simple answer to this question is yes, but there are confusing opinions everywhere about electric acoustic guitars being used at their best when it is plugged in.
However, this is not true, but the truth about the electric acoustic guitar and the regular acoustic guitar is that they sound similar whether you are using the soundhole or body chamber for amplification.
Furthermore, both instruments use the chamber for amplifying natural sounds, and the reason for this is that both instruments sound identical when they are plugged in.
Electronic pickup does not offer more when it comes to the flexibility of plugging inconveniently or adding outboard effects. There are drawbacks in tones produced by a plugged-in electric acoustic guitar.
When playing the electric acoustic guitar and you realize that the tone isn’t exactly what you want, positioning the microphone very close to the soundhole is the best way to boost signals and sounds. Utilizing the onboard pickup will not do much in this case.
Thanks to the external amp of the electric acoustic guitar, you can say that this type of guitar is way more versatile. This also provides you with the opportunity of expanding your sounds.
Finally, you can also use effect pedals like reverb, digital multi-effect pedal, and a chorus delay to modify tones produced by an electric acoustic guitar.
You can expand sound range massively when you use effect pedals. The use of effect pedals also opens you up to create personal and different tone touches, which provides you with the sound you desire.中国时间: 05:29 2017年01月24日星期二
穆沙拉夫总统反驳了外界认为他的政府在打击极端主义和制止侵犯人权方面做得不够的批评。穆沙拉夫星期五在伦敦告诉皇家联合服务研究所说，他相信个人权利和言论自由。但是他说，巴基斯坦不能因为自由而导致暴力、毁灭和无政府状态。
伦敦是穆沙拉夫欧洲四国之行的最后一站。穆沙拉夫拒绝了任何要把美国作战部队送往巴基斯坦帮助打击极端分子的提议。他说，他的政府消灭了巴基斯坦城市里的基地组织恐怖分子，并减少部落地区的恐怖分子。
穆沙拉夫重申，巴基斯坦2月18号的大选将是自由、公正和透明的。他反驳外界认为这次投票可能存在舞弊的担忧，他说，他的政府已经处理了所有可能扰乱这次投票的潜在问题。Scegliere la fede giusta: consigli utili
Scegliere la fede giusta: consigli utili
Quando si tratta di scegliere la propria fede religiosa, è importante prendere decisioni ponderate e informate. Questo articolo offre consigli utili per aiutarti a navigare in questo importante processo decisionale. Ricordati di considerare attentamente le tue convinzioni personali, le tradizioni familiari e la ricerca spirituale. Con la giusta guida e riflessione, potrai trovare la fede che risuona con te in modo autentico e significativo.
Scegliere la misura della fede: consigli utili
Quando si tratta di scegliere la misura della fede, è importante considerare diversi aspetti che possono influenzare la tua decisione. La fede è un elemento personale e profondo che può guidare le tue azioni e le tue scelte di vita. Ecco alcuni consigli utili da tenere a mente quando si affronta questo importante processo decisionale.
Rifletti sul significato della fede: Prima di scegliere la misura della tua fede, è fondamentale riflettere sul significato che essa ha per te. Cosa rappresenta la fede nella tua vita? Quali valori e principi sono importanti per te?
Consulta fonti affidabili: Per comprendere meglio le diverse prospettive sulla fede e trovare ispirazione, è consigliabile consultare fonti affidabili come libri sacri, testi spirituali o leader religiosi.
Parla con altre persone: Condividere le tue riflessioni sulla fede con altre persone può aiutarti a ottenere prospettive diverse e a confrontarti con punti di vista diversi.
Ascolta la tua voce interiore: È importante ascoltare la tua voce interiore e seguire ciò che senti nel profondo del tuo cuore. La fede è un sentimento personale e intuitivo che va oltre le parole.
Rifletti sulla tua esperienza personale: Guarda alla tua esperienza personale e rifletti su come la fede ha influenzato le tue scelte e le tue azioni in passato. Questo può aiutarti a capire meglio il ruolo che la fede ha nella tua vita.
Accetta la tua unicità: Ognuno ha un percorso spirituale diverso e un rapporto unico con la fede. Accetta la tua unicità e non confrontare il tuo percorso con quello degli altri.
Pratica la gratitudine: Essere grati per le esperienze positive e per le persone che ti circondano può aiutarti a coltivare la tua fede e a rafforzare il tuo legame con il divino.
Esplora nuove forme di spiritualità: Se senti il desiderio di approfondire la tua fede, non esitare a esplorare nuove forme di spiritualità o pratiche religiose che risuonano con te.
Resta aperto al cambiamento: La fede è un viaggio in continua evoluzione. Resta aperto al cambiamento e alla crescita spirituale, senza paura di esplorare nuove prospettive e nuove verità.
Il processo di scegliere la misura della fede è un cammino personale e significativo che richiede tempo, riflessione e apertura. Seguendo questi consigli utili e ascoltando la tua voce interiore, potrai avvicinarti alla tua fede in modo autentico e significativo.
Grazie per aver letto il nostro articolo su Scegliere la fede giusta: consigli utili. Speriamo che le informazioni fornite siano state di aiuto nel tuo percorso spirituale. Ricordati che la scelta della fede è personale e riflette la tua ricerca interiore. Che tu sia in cerca di conforto, guida o risposte, l'importante è seguire il tuo cuore e la tua coscienza. Continua a esplorare e a interrogarti, approfondendo la tua conoscenza e la tua comprensione. Che la tua ricerca sia illuminata e che tu possa trovare la pace e la serenità che cerchi. Buona fortuna nel tuo cammino!ATR ha pubblicato oggi il suo nuovo Market Forecast (2018-2037), in cui stima un mercato per 3.020 aeromobili turboprop nei prossimi 20 anni. La domanda di questi velivoli nei prossimi due decenni conferma la salute del regional market fino a 90 posti. Dal 2010 i turboprop hanno rappresentato il 50% delle vendite totali in questo segmento, in cui ATR è la scelta preferita delle compagnie aeree regionali.
Il fattore chiave per questa prospettiva positiva è la crescita del traffico nella connettività regionale. Questo deriva dai mercati tradizionali, in cui le località meno collegate sono unite con nuove rotte regionali dirette, così come dai mercati emergenti, dove la soluzione più praticabile per connettere le persone e il trasporto di merci è il collegamento aereo con velivoli turboprop.
Nel Market Forecast 2018-2037, circa l’80% (2.390 aeromobili) della domanda totale dovrebbe provenire dalla categoria 61-80 posti, un segmento di mercato servito per anni dall’ATR 72. Il restante 20% (630 aeromobili) arriverà dal mercato 40-60 posti, un segmento in cui l’ATR 42, l’unico velivolo da 50 posti disponibile sul mercato, offre un forte potenziale per l’up gauge dei velivoli da 30 posti e la sostituzione di 50-seat regional aircraft.
Nei prossimi 20 anni la maggiore domanda di turboprop dovrebbe provenire dall’Asia (43%), seguita da Europa, Africa e Medio Oriente (31%) e dalle Americhe (26%).
Al di là degli aerei passeggeri, ATR stima che l’aumento del traffico merci genererà, nei prossimi due decenni, un potenziale per la consegna di 460 turboprop freighters. Questo include converted aircraft come l’ATR 72-600F recentemente lanciato, l’unico regional cargo aircraft disponibile direttamente dalla fabbrica.
L’aviazione regionale ha registrato uno sviluppo eccezionale, con il 58% degli attuali network regionali in tutto il mondo che sono stati creati negli ultimi 15 anni. La crescita delle rotte regionali è stata particolarmente intensa nel periodo 2012-2017, con ATR che ha svolto un ruolo importante, con una media annuale di oltre 100 nuove rotte create e un record di 155 nuove rotte nel 2017. Oggi i turboprop operano la metà dei voli inferiori a 330 nm in tutto il mondo e rappresentano la soluzione più efficiente in termini di consumo di carburante per i voli a corto raggio. Gli ATR sono particolarmente rinomati per la loro eco-efficienza, con un consumo di carburante inferiore del 45% rispetto ai regional jet e del 30% in meno rispetto al turboelica concorrente.
Sulla base del recente successo nell’aprire nuove rotte con il rischio più basso, ATR stima che i velivoli turboelica abbiano il potenziale per generare 2.770 nuove rotte nei 20 anni a venire. Durante questo periodo, il traffico regionale dovrebbe crescere ogni anno ad un ritmo del 4,5%, con circa il 30% del traffico nel 2037 proveniente da rotte che attualmente non esistono.
La capacità di innovare continuamente per soddisfare le esigenze del mercato sarà anche essenziale per la domanda di nuovi turbprop nel tempo. ATR ha un buon track record in questo dominio. Oltre al recente lancio della nuova versione cargo ATR 72-600F, ATR valuta una versione dell’ATR 42-600 con performance migliorate in decollo e atterraggio, aumentando così potenzialmente l’accessibilità e aprendo nuove rotte e mercati. Il produttore amplierà inoltre la versatilità operativa con il nuovo sistema ClearVision, attualmente in fase di certificazione, che migliora la visibilità e l’awareness del pilota. L’espansione dell’assistenza clienti e dei servizi, insieme alla loro progressiva digitalizzazione, continuerà anche a svolgere un ruolo chiave nel successo dei turboelica negli anni a venire. Oggi, con una flotta in servizio di oltre 1.100 aeromobili, i ricavi dei servizi ATR rappresentano circa il 20% del fatturato totale e si prevede che crescano del 10% all’anno.
(Ufficio Stampa ATR)Most read story about :
rev. 9-04-16 We Owe yoU (WOU) N1CL units: List of Lenders, Awarded to, How buy
10-08-14 Two Tests Show Gravity Propagates From c To Instant At What Distances
10-08-14 I revised this article after much thought over the last year. I have concluded we can navigate at FTL precisely enough to do conservation debt disconnection once we confirm precisely G propagation speed at what distances. This should give us the data needed to modify Newton's Inverse Square Law to make it accurate at all distances.
I have dated where I have made revisions to the original article.
The two tests(now four) described below will show whether or not the Gravitational force G propagates at;
1. instantaneously at all distances between any two masses,
2. or G propagates at c the speed of light everywhere,
3. or from c nearby to instantaneous at a predictable greater distance.
Why is discovering how G links to c so important? It is the holy grail of present science. The speed of light ties together the weak, strong, and electromagnetic forces, but we can not tie c into Gravity, which ties all masses together at all distances including dark matter and energy. By tying G force propagation to c over all distances we relate the weak, strong and electromagnetic forces for the location of any masses on the surface of space-time.
I predict that the third possibility will be demonstrated leading to these conclusions.
After we tie G to c, then we can know our location within the universe = FTL interstellar navigation. Because we can manipulate the quantum forces of the masses involved, that makes possible our direct manipulation of Gravity(= anti-gravity). Navigation and Anti-gravity makes FTL star travel possible. In addition, since the base geometry of the universe is revealed = Moebius Strip, we can explain dark matter and energy and the Big Bang inflation instant directly.
This discovery came about because I initially posited along with Newton that Gravity moved instantaneously at all distances between any two masses. This is in clear disagreement with Einstein who posited G propagates at c at all distances. Planck's constant = h
The hypothesis that resolved this disagreement was made by Lisa Randall a physicist at Harvard University and Raman Sundrum, a physicist at Univ. of Maryland. They posited the universe had two Branes = two sides, and that G propagated instantaneously faraway and at c nearby.
Their hypothesis led me to conclude that Einstein was wrong except at a single h distance, and Newton was mostly right. But this implies the need for a transition zone where G increased to instantaneous from moving at c when two masses are h apart. Then as the masses separate, G speed increases over a fixed predictable distance to moving instantly for all masses in universe separated by this 'fixed distance'.
10-08-14 There are two tests described below we can quickly use to verify this Gravity propagation Law. They are:
1. 11-12-14 Refined Solar/lunar tidal bulge to this.Wrote new topic on how to test G speed. using tidal gauges that measure Earth's surface gravity changes, and present method being used, plus two other basic tests.
This original second test still holds.
2. Cannonball Detector test using a 120 mm Abrams tank gun. Method: Point One Gravity Detector of the four around muzzle end at exact Center of Earth test. Why is implied by necessity for instantaneous G to work at vast majority of distances between masses.
"The Bulk" is a nice term Brane theorists use. Lets use it to define the total of those masses separated by at least the "fixed distance" beyond which G moves instantly. This mass total is vastly larger than the summed mass of our solar system by a factor of Yikes, a really really big number. A 150 billion stars in our galaxy times a 150 billion galaxies times dark matter times etc.
Ergo, our cannonball must be sending its G signal instantly to "the Bulk" all the time. I posit that direction is the center of mass of the nearest large mass. In our case Earth.
A Natural Law & some Conclusions
As distance between any two masses increases from h to xh, (where x is defined by a geometric property of a Moebius Strip that predicts a precise distance using h units), then G propagates at c between masses at h distance apart or less, and increases to instantaneous at xh and beyond distances. (10-8-14) I have deduced this distance to instant G propagation varies directly with the product of the masses out to the Edge Width of a given generation of any M universe.)
The equation that describes this increase in G propagation as distance apart increases implies a new to me mathematical operation for basic physics. Such an operation is required to tie Gravity to c and thus the strong, weak, and electro-magnetic forces.(10-08-14) This change in G force as distance increases between two masses will predictably modify the inverse square Law.)
The limiting speed of light is what keeps everything from happening at the same time, and we need an instantaneous force like Gravity to keep everything in existence simultaneously(= conserved = in +/- separated balance) at the same time. Only a Moebius Strip geometry universe can do that. Thus proving where and when G or another common to all force is instantaneous at a base level is crucial for completing a GUT that accurately describes how our universe looks from where we sit.
About 5-4-2013 I read that Chinese scientists measured the speed of propagation of gravity from the Sun to Earth using the Solar Tide bulge that follows the Sun as Earth rotates on its axis. It is about eight minutes thirty seconds behind where it would be when Gravity propagates instantaneously. There margin of error was around +/- 40 seconds since they only used six observations.
10-08-14 Tidal Bulge Test: Reducing the Solar Tidal Bulge test's margin of error to under a second is simple.
1. Use the 1750 tidal gauges around the world to compare the tidal peaks of the solar and lunar tides. By premise the lunar tidal bulge is virtually instantaneous while the solar bulge lags between 8 minutes 30 to 42 seconds when G propagates at c depending on Earth's orbital radius at any given time. thus when G goes FTL then solar tidal bulge will arrive sooner than predicted.
2. How compare? Use lunar tidal maximums at tidal gauges when Sun is at right angles to Moon, then using same gauges use lunar eclipses to measure tidal maximums when Sun and moon line up. Ergo there should be an 8 minute 20 to 30 second longer tidal maximum than right angle tidal maximum.
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be hard if not impossible to understand after billions of years have passed over them. However, we cannot deny the strangeness of these out-of-place-artifacts and the fact that they could had been used for unimaginable tasks, by otherworldly beings.
Over 200 of them were discovered and extracted from the Wonderstone Silver Mine in South Africa, where remains of ancient cultures have recently been discovered. The spheres vary in size, averaging between 1 to 4 inches in diameter and are made of a nickel-steel mixture that doesn’t occur naturally.
Some have a thin shell about a quarter inch thick and when split-up, they are filled with a peculiar substance that disintegrates into dust upon contact with air.
NASA’s Opportunity rover also discovered some mysterious spheres on Mars, somehow resembling to these unusual Klerksdorp stones.Grazie alle sue proprietà anti-infiammatorie, poi, è particolarmente indicato per il trattamento dei dolori articolari e per lenire il dolore dovuto alle lesioni.
Anche se alcuni sono in disaccordo, molti esperti sostengono che il cavolo sia eccezionale per contrastare l’artrite.
Molte persone affette da questa patologia, infatti, sono riusciti a diminuire la quantità di medicinali assunti quotidianamente, aumentando le quantità di cavolo ingerite.
Molti malati gotta, poi, sostengono che questo semplice rimedio domestico riduce o elimina il dolore.
Contro questa patologia, tutto quello che devi fare è prendere un paio di foglie di cavolo e congelarle in un sacchetto di plastica.
Quando i sintomi della gotta torneranno a trovarmi, vi basterà prendere le foglie di cavolo dal freezer, disporle intorno alla zona interessata e avvolgerle con un asciugamani.
Lasciate che il calore del vostro corpo le faccia scongelare.
Se volete usare il cavolo contro i dolori articolari potrete prendere d’esempio alcune cliniche svizzere che si occupano della cura dei malati di artrite reumatoide.
In queste strutture, le articolazioni dei pazienti vengono, durante la notte, avvolte nelle foglie di cavolo.
In questo modo si ridurrà notevolmente il gonfiore.
Infine, il cavolo può essere usato contro i piedi gonfi.
In che modo?
Basterà mettere il cavolo in congelatore, ma deve rimanere ancora piuttosto elastico.
Avvolgere le foglie intorno ai piedi e sedersi con le gambe un po’ alzate.
Rimanere in questa posizione per 30 minuti.Bebeğinizin diş çıkarmasını beklerken bazende korkular yaşayabilirsiniz. Çünkü diş çıkarma süresi bebeklerde oldukça sorunlu geçecektir.Ama her bebek için aynı şeyi söylemek doğru olmaz kimi bebeklerde ise sorunsuz bir dönem yaşanabilir.
Diş çıkarma bebeklerde erken sürede veya geç bir sürede çıkabilir.Peki normal diş çıkarma süresi ne zamandır?
«Süt dişi» ve «çocuk dişi» terimleri, akılları karıştırmaktadır.
Yeni doğmuş bir bebeğin ağzına bakınca, o yumuşak, pembe diş etlerinin altında diş oluşumunun başlamış bulunduğuna inanmak zordur.
îlk dişlerin kökleri, yetişkinlerdeki sürekli dişlerin temellerini oluşturur. Bu nedenle, sağlam dişlere sahip olmak isteniyorsa, diş gelişmesinin hiçbir aşaması ihmal edilmemelidir.
Bebek dört ya da beş aylıkken, alt çenenin ortasında minnacık bebek dişleri belirir.
Aylar geçtikçe, düzenli aralıklarla yeni dişler belirir ve çok geçmeden «köpek dişleri» çıkar. Sonra küçük azılara sıra gelir. îki buçuk üç yaş arasında, iyi beslenmeyle, süt dişlerinin yirmisi de tamamlanır.
Kısa zaman öncesine kadar, süt dişleri ufak kurcalamalarla yok edilmeğe çalışılırdı. Bugünkü tutumsa, çok erken yaştan diş bakımı alışkanlığını çocuklara vererek süt dişlerinin korunmasıdır.Approvazione Telecom (FAC) in Russia: nuovi prodotti soggetti all'approvazione nel 2019
La discussione del progetto di modifica dell'elenco nazionale dei prodotti oggetto di certificazione obbligatoria si è conclusa il 22 agosto. Il nuovo documento sarà ora sottoposto all'adozione al governo della Federazione russa.
La discussione ha riguardato la revisione della nomenclatura adottata dal governo della Federazione Russa n. 532 il 25 giugno 2009, che attualmente comprende 7 sezioni di dispositivi che svolgono le seguenti funzioni:
- Sistemi di commutazione;
- Sistemi di gestione e monitoraggio;
- Sistemi di trasporto digitale;
- Contabilità del volume dei servizi di comunicazione forniti nelle reti di comunicazione pubbliche;
- Elettronica radio;
- Esecuzione di azioni consolidate durante le misure di ricerca operativa;
- Prevenzione del funzionamento della rete pubblica di comunicazione.
Il documento riveduto suggerisce di introdurre una nuova sezione di apparecchiature di comunicazione nell'elenco - apparecchiature di comunicazione passiva, che comprende 2 gruppi: cavi di comunicazione ottica e accoppiamenti per la loro installazione.
Inoltre, la sezione sulla comunicazione significa che l'esecuzione delle funzioni dei sistemi di controllo e monitoraggio sarà aggiornata con una nuova sottosezione con mezzi tecnici per contrastare le minacce.
Le ultime modifiche all'elenco delle comunicazioni significano che la caduta in fase di certificazione sono state apportate nel 2015.If you have recently shifted to HTTPS from your HTTP version then you must have definitely known the importance and the necessity of secure protocols for your website or any other online business.
With the Google’s recent announcement, it’s Chrome and other major browsers have started abolishing the HTTP sites and are giving importance to HTTPS version for better protection of traffic and managing rankings of the website. So if you have a WordPress website then it too needs secure SSL certificates for secure transactions and encrypted information.
Owing to this many WordPress website owners have already started implementing HTTPS secure protocol for better rankings and strongly encrypted flow of information. Hence, installing SSL/HTTPS solves the purpose of safeguarding your internal data and transactions. This article will further take you to a tour of below-mentioned points –
- Overview of what is SSL and HTTPS?
- The Difference Between HTTP and HTTPS
- Why You Should Update Your WordPress Site To HTTPS
- Moving your website from HTTP to HTTPS
Quick Overview of SSL and HTTPS
SSL stands for Secure Sockets Layer – it is a standard security technology for developing an encrypted link between a browser and a web server. This secure certificate guarantees that all the information and the data crossed between the web server and browsers remain secretive in order to prevent eavesdropping and meddling. SSL is a highly secured digital certificate for enhanced security of the website’s data.
On the other hand, HTTPS is an URL scheme which has an indistinguishable syntax to the standard HTTP feature for the website. However, HTTPS signals the browser to use a strong and secured added encryption layer of SSL certificate to protect the vulnerable traffic and threats.
The Difference Between HTTP and HTTPS
Although there are a variety of differences that can be spotted between HTTP and HTTPs, but the most prudent ones are given below…
The first difference to spot between HTTP and HTTPS is in the URL Scheme, i.e. HTTPS URLs begin with HTTPS:// and use default port 443, whereas, HTTP URLs begin with HTTP:// and use default port 80.
Secondly, security feature difference: HTTP is timorous and is subject to phishing and hacking attacks, where the hackers can steal important information and can even gain access to the highly confidential information on the website, while HTTPS is designed to endure and secure the website from all the phishing attacks and threats.
Third comes the network layers difference: HTTPS functions at the highest layer of the TCP/IP model which acts the Application layer. Ideally, here the SSL security protocol functions as a lower sub-layer of the same TCP/IP model and the encryption of the message takes place preceding the transmission but decrypts it upon arrival. Therefore, HTTPS is a smart choice for your WordPress website.
Why You Should Update Your WordPress Site To HTTPS
Are you troubled with unwanted ads and pop-ups that lead to some fussy websites that can often harm your current WordPress site and even your PC? Do not worry; the solution is clear, get HTTPS installed for your WordPress website.
When the WordPress website offer secured content via HTTPs, then you can be assured of the full security of your website where no one would alter or tamper the information used or received by you or your users.
Thus, it is quite evident that using HTTPS for your WordPress website is a dire need in today’s online world for doing fruitful business. In fact, it is the best way to protect user’s data and defend against identity theft.
In fact, there are a lot of people today who refuse to do business if they don’t find SSL certificate trust seal on a WordPress website. Although the WordPress core software is quite strong, still protection against risk and hacks is prudent. On the other hand, displaying SSL certificate seal gives a sense of protection and security to the users who are coming to your website.
Moving Your WordPress Website From HTTP to HTTPS
Moving your WordPress website to https is not a tedious task anymore, there are certain tutorials that offer a better insight for implementing SSL and HTTPS to your site. If your site is on a dedicated server or VPS, these tutorials are still applicable but the procedure of configuring SSL/HTTPS can vary with servers.
Check out the tutorial – See if the shared-hosting server has activated SSL/TLS Manager in cPanel under the security widget appropriately and if SSL manager is not activated, then do not worry, contact your host provider, they might take charge to activate it. It is ultimately good for your website. Learn more about SSL installation on cPanel in a simple way.
With few implementations and processes, you can get HTTPS and SSL for your WordPress website making your domain fully secured.
First, you will have to setup the SSL certificate. Further, to get a website to HTTPS, choose an SSL certificate for the domain, then get it installed it on the server and ask the developer to change the website’s permalinks from HTTP to HTTPs. By this, your website will get the SSL certificate installed with HTTPS in the address bar. Let’s see few quick steps –
- Login to your WordPress dashboard and steer to Settings > General.
- So now to change WordPress from HTTP to HTTPS, the install URL must be changed from http://www.yoursite.com to https://www.yoursite.com.
- Next, make sure that the WordPress Address (URL) and Site Address (URL) are HTTPS. If not, then add “S” after the HTTP to make HTTPS and save it.
- Bingo, once you are done with changed HTTPS URL, next step is to inform Google about the change and 301 permanent redirects in your .htaccess file:
- You can add SSL on your WordPress administration over SSL by configuring SSL in the wp-config.php file.
- If you want to setup SSL on specific pages of your site, then you would need plugin “WordPress-https”
- Let Google know about the change of URL by re-adding WordPress site to Google Webmaster Tool.
Final thoughts – There are some good practices to implement HTTPS for WordPress. If we maintain these, we are sorted to get the most secured WordPress website – that is HTTPS secured. We are sure that all the above-mentioned information is (satiating) or satisfiable to offer a comprehensive guide for moving your WordPress website to HTTPs/SSL. Still, in case you have some queries contact us or follow our guidelines.
Check your SSL website status using Qualys SSL Labs.L’illustratore e film maker inglese Richard Swarbrick ha diffuso tramite il suo canale YouTube una serie di brevi animazioni sul Mondiale di calcio che si è da poco concluso in Brasile, vinto dalla Germania, che ha battuto in finale l’Argentina. La maggior parte dei filmati, molto apprezzati, riprende alcuni dei gol più belli segnati durante il torneo (la canzone maggiormente utilizzata per il montaggio è Summer Reign dei Coastal Cities). Swarbrick – che nei suoi lavori si occupa anche di altri sport ma prevalentemente di calcio – è lo stesso artista che nel 2012 aveva prodotto una serie di animazioni su Maradona, tecnicamente simili a queste sui Mondiali, e un video con i gol più belli della storia dei Mondiali.
Olanda-Spagna 5-1
James Rodríguez
Lionel Messi
Brasile-Germania 7-1
Brasile-Croazia 3-1
I gol degli Stati Uniti
Illustration: Mario Götze’s winning goal. pic.twitter.com/HU5YANQnLV
— Richard Swarbrick (@RikkiLeaks) 13 Luglio 2014
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جولیان بارنز Julian Barnes
ترجمه فارسی: گیل آوایی
داستان/ نیویورکر / 14 جولای 2011
I – نویسنده در روستا
آنها، بی تشریفات و خودمانی، دورِ یک میزِ از چوب کاج و بدون رومیزی، در آشپزخانه نشستند. پشت سر او یک کمدِ کِشویی قرار داشت و روبرویش پنجره ای بود که او می توانست از آن گله ای از گوسفندان را ببیند و چمنزاری را که انتهای آن در انبوه ابرهای نزدیک به زمین، محو می شد. تمام پنج روزی که در اینجا بود، باران باریده بود. او مطمئن نبود که از این نوع زندگی که در کتابچۀ راهنما، دمکراتیک و نشاط آور تعریف شده بود، خوشش می آمد و برای او بوده باشد. البته دانشجویانش بودند که می بایست آشپزی می کردند، ظرف می شستند و محل را تمیز می کردند و مرتب نگه می داشتند اما از آنجایی که نیمی از آنها بزرگتر از خودِ او بودند، ناپسند و خودخواهی می نمود اگر با آنها همراهی نمی کرد. از این رو بشقابها را جمع می کرد، نان برشته می کرد و حتی قول داده بود که در شبِ پایانی، برایشان کباب بره درست کند. پس از شام، بارانی شان را می پوشیدند و حدود یک مایل پایین می رفتند و به یک میکده می رسیدند. هر شب، بنظر می رسید که او به مشروب بیشتری نیاز دارد تا بتواند خود را سرِ پا نگه دارد.
او از دانشجویانش بخاطر پشتکار و خوشبینی شان، خوشش می آمد و از آنها خواسته بود که او را با اسم کوچکش صدا کنند. همه او را با اسم کوچک صدا می کردند بجز بیل1، که به دلیل سابقۀ خدمتکار بودنش، ترجیح می داد او را رئیس یا ارباب بنامد. برخی از آنها، از ادبیات بیشتر از آنچه می فهمیدند، لذت می بردند و یک داستان را شرح زندگی با نوعی سرزنش تصور می کردند.
" فقط دارم میگم که نمی فهمم او چرا این کار را کرد"
" خوب. آدمها گاهی کاری که می کنند اغلب نمی فهمند."
" ولی ما، بعنوان خواننده، باید بدانیم، حتی اگر خودِ شخصیت داستان نداند"
" ضرورتاً اینطور نیست"
" موافقم. منظورم اینه که ما دیگه باور نمی کنیم چیزایی که....... به اون چی میگن رئیس؟"
" راویِ همه چیزدان. بیل"
" آره. همون"
" تمام چیزی که می خوام بگم اینه که فرق هست بین باور نکردنِ یک راویِ همه چیز دان و عدمِ درک چیزی که شخصیتِ داستان در سر داره."
" گفتم که آدمها اغلب نمی فهمند چرا کاری را انجام می دهند"
" ولی. ببین، ویکی2، تو داری در باره زنی با دو بچۀ کوچک می نویسی و چیزی که همه اش کامل بنظر میاد، شوهری که ناگهان پیداش می شه و او خودش رو می کشه."
" خوب؟"
" پس شاید- شاید- بحثِ معقول بودن و باورشدنی مطرح باشه"
او هیجانی را که داشت شدت می گرفت، حس می کرد اما ترجیح داد آن را قطع نکند و در عوض به بحث آنها در مورد "همه چیزدانی" بیاندیشد. سر به کار خودش باشد. یا بجای آن به مورد خودش و آنجی3 بپردازد.آنها به هفت سال با هم بودند. انجی در تلاشهای هر روزِ او برای نویسنده شدن، سهیم بود. او اولین رمانش را نوشته بود و انجی شاهد انتشار و برخورد خوب با آن بود.- این رمان حتی جایزه هم بُرده بود- چیزی که انجی بر سر آن با او به هم زد. او می فهمید که زنها مردان را بخاطر شکست و ناموفق بودنشان ترک می کردند اما انجی او را بخاطر موفق بودنش ترک کرد؟ چه انگیزه ای در این کار بود؟ همه چیزدانی چه شده بود؟
نتیجه این است که سعی نکن زندگی ات را در یک داستان بگذاری. اثرگذار نیست.
" می خوای بگی که داستان من باورکردنی نیست؟"
" نه دقیقاً بلکه فقط..."
" باور نمی کنی که چنان زنی هم وجود داره؟"
" خوب....."
" چون که...، بگذار به تو بگم، وجود دارند. هستند"
در این هنگام که لرزشی در صدای ویکی حس می شد، ادامه داد:
" چنان زنی که فکر نمی کنی واقعاً وجود داره و باورکردنی نیست، مادرِ منه. می تونم بگم که او در زندگی واقعیِ من برام کاملاً باورکردنی بود. البته وقتی زنده بود"
سکوتی طولانی برقرار شد. هر کدام به او چشم دوخته بودند. انتظار داشتند که او به این موضوع بپردازد. کاری که می کرد البته نه اینکه قضاوت کند بلکه داستانی برایشان بگوید. این برنامه ای بود که او برای اولین صبح در نظر گرفته بود- نشستِ جمعی ای که او هر نشست را به منزله یک داستان، یک خاطره، یک جوکِ طولانی، حتی یک خواب می دانست. هیچ وقت هم توضیح نداد که برای چه چنین کاری می کند اما هر دخالتی چنان در نظر گرفته شده بود که آنها را وا می داشت بپرسند:" این نشست یک داستان است؟ اگر نیست، چگونه می توانیم آن را بصورت یک داستان در آوریم؟ چه چیزی را باید نادیده بگیریم و چه چیزی را نگه داریم، چه چیزی را گسترشش دهیم؟
برای همین، در باره سفر به یونان گفت. سفری که شاید چندین سال پیش، اواخر دهۀ شصت، انجام می گرفت. اولین بار در کشور بیگانه ای
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8,448 | 4 | 3 |
are not in place more than eight years after the adoption of the Act suggests that the state governments are reluctant to operationalize the PESA mandate.
- Ignoring the spirit of PESA:The state legislations have omitted some of the fundamental principles without which the spirit of PESA can never be realised. For instance, the premise in PESA that state legislations on Panchayats shall be in consonance with customary laws and among other things traditional management practices of community resources is ignored by most of the state laws.
- Ambiguous definitions: No legal definition of the terms like minor water bodies, minor minerals etc. exist in the statute books. The states in their conformity legislations have also not defined the term leading to ambiguity and scope of interpretation by the bureaucracy.Mathematical papers written by WWII code breaker and pioneer computer scientiest Alan Turing have been released by government intelligence agency GCHQ after being kept secret 70 years.
The two handwritten papers, classified as ‘sensitive’ until a recent reassessment and kept confidential for over half a century, are said by GCHQ to have been authored by Turing when he worked at Bletchley Park, the code-breaking centre of British intelligence during the war.
Turing was a leading figure in the team that eventually cracked the Nazi ‘Enigma’ code, a breakthrough that allowed the Allies to intercept encrypted German messages and is seen as instrumental in winning the war. GCHQ say the papers show “more of Alan Turing’s pioneering research” into cryptology.
"It was this type of research that helped turn the tide of war and it is particularly pleasing that we are able to share these papers during this centenary year,” said a GCHQ spokesperson.
The papers look at mathematical approaches to code breaking. One uses probability analysis in cryptology and the other examines methods to determine whether two enciphered messages used the same encryption key. GCHQ managed an approximate dating of one of the papers, written either in 1941 or 1942, through a reference to Hitler’s age.
The papers are now on display at the National Archives at Kew.
Turing, whose centenary is marked this year, was later involved in the development of one of the earliest stored-programme computers at the University of Manchester.
He committed suicide at the age of 41 in 1954 by cyanide poisoning after being forced to undergo chemical castration following a conviction for homosexuality. In 2009, then Prime Minister Gordon Brown apologised for the “appalling” treatment of Turing.NASA's UFO Research Isn't Investigating For Space Aliens
A new study of mysterious aerial events may influence atmospheric science more than astrobiology.
Eric Donovan, a physicist at the University of Calgary, has seen images and data revealing something strange: a curve of purple light swiping across the sky, with linear green patterns burning underneath.
It was unusual, but he didn't overthink it.
I placed everything in a container that I understood
he explains. Let's dive into why NASA's UFO research isn't investigating for space aliens.
After a scientific session, he was in a pub with many amateur aurora photographers.
Members of the Alberta Aurora Chasers were showing off their photos over drinks.
Following a debate, one of the attendees gave him a photograph of the same purple arc Donovan had spotted over the years.
Images of it seem surreal, like something one could see in the sky of another planet.
Donovan noticed the lights were really in an "unidentified" bucket that he didn't comprehend after looking at the photos.
They also lacked a name. So he and the aurora chasers began naming the phenomena Steve, after a name given to shrubbery by a bunch of animals in the children's film Over the Hedge.
Soon after, Donovan and his scientific colleagues joined with the aurora chasers to find other apparitions of Steve—to watch them, try to understand the process underlying them, and turn an unknown into a known.
This is also the goal of a new NASA initiative aimed at researching UFOs.
The story of Steve, in which people detect something weird in the sky above and investigate more, might play out similarly in the space agency's quest to learn more about unexplained objects in Earth's atmosphere.
In early June, in response to a series of widely publicized UFO encounters confirmed by US military personnel, NASA announced the launch of a small investigation into unexplained aerial phenomena (UAPs).
Eight to twelve specialists will work on the UAP Independent Study for over a year, on a meager budget of about $100,000.
Its purpose is to find data—information that has already been obtained or that will be gathered in the future from NASA and other organizations—as well as analytic methods that may increase scientific knowledge of UAPs. NASA and the study's chief scientist, Princeton University astrophysicist and Simons Foundation president David Spergel, refused to comment for this article.
However, no official comments or endorsements are required to confirm the apparent: massive amounts of data from NASA's vast network of past and current Earth-observation satellites might be a gold mine for UAP study.
However, believing this may affect sci-fi-tinged or patrolling extraterrestrial ships would be a mistake.
On the contrary, by attempting to identify unusual, unexplained occurrences in NASA's data, scientists are at least as likely to discover new, exotic-but-earthly atmospheric phenomena as they are to find credible evidence of extraterrestrial visitors—significantly if they can also leverage ground sightings from the general public, as Donovan eventually did with Steve.
In July 2016, the European Space Agency's Swarm satellite detected thermal emission velocity enhancement or STEVE.
People in Queensland, Australia, saw flying fireballs followed by an intriguing green orb of light rolling on the ground in 2006.
Steve became a backronym, or reverse engineered acronym, for that phenomenon. Historian Greg Eghigian can't recall a period when researching UFOs that resulted in substantial changes in the physical sciences.
Instead, he claims that academic curiosity about UFOs has resulted in more practical advances in the social sciences.
NASA will need to hire subject-matter specialists who can blend open-mindedness with rigorous skepticism.
"Scientists need to feel protected," says remote sensing and data visualization specialist Steve Brumby.
According to him,
Such fishing trips have a "very significant risk of simply squandering people's money.
After identifying the event, Donovan and his colleagues sought to track Steve down by seeing him cross data streams from satellites and atmospheric sensors, then tying that occurrence to images captured by ground-based cameras.
The European Space Agency's Swarm satellites detected a significant temperature spike and a fast-moving gas flow near Steve.
Steve evolved into STEVE; a reverse engineered acronym for "strong thermal emission velocity enhancement."
People in Queensland, Australia, saw aerial fireballs followed by a mysterious green orb of light in 2006.
UFO research has not produced promising results in the past. NASA will need to recruit subject-matter specialists effectively.
Experts must establish a balance between being open-minded and being skeptical. "Scientists need to feel protected," says remote-sensing specialist Steve Brumby.
Other scientists may discover phenomena for which they may create backronyms.
Such "fishing trips" have "a fairly high risk of simply squandering people's money," according to Brumby.
NASA's $100,000 research is set to begin this autumn and continue for around nine months.
The Agency has access to a treasure mine of observations acquired by peering up from the Earth and down at it.
NASA may also attempt to solve national security issues. The hunt for alien life is significant in and of itself.
So far, the results of these investigations have been discouraging, with most mysterious events remaining unidentified.
Other scientists may have their own "most dramatic" days, similar to Donovan's with STEVE, discovering phenomena for which they, too, may generate backronyms.
In the following years, the most significant findings from NASA's research may be referred to as PAUL or EUGENE instead of UAPs or UFOs.三体中叶文洁的女儿杨冬为何要自杀？
心理学上有个概念，叫“逆火效应”（backfireeffect）。
意思是说，当一个人的信念（三观等）受到了不同的意见，除非你能百分之百的说服他，否则反而会帮助他加强自己的信念，哪怕他的信念（三观等）是完全是错误的。
叶文洁
因为接受一个和自己信念完全不同的念头，就等于杀死过去的自己，就是对自己的存在意义强烈否定，所以很多人都会有“固执不已”的习惯，甚至极端情况下，信念的崩塌会导致整个人失去人生的目标和意义，甚至会自杀。
在刘慈欣的著作《三体》第一部《地球往事》的开篇，就已叶文洁的女儿杨冬自杀作为开场引子，在一片白桦树叶上写下了自己的遗言，死于自己的信念崩塌。
刘慈欣三体地球往事
“一切的一切都导向这样一个结果：物理学从来就没有存在过，将来也不会存在。我知道自己这样做是不负责任的，但别无选择。”
物理学从来都是严谨的，一个公式的推论经历过千锤百炼，物理规律在同样的空间和时间上是规律的。
在杨冬死后，主角汪淼去找了她的男朋友丁仪调查死因。丁仪邀请他打了五次台球，汪淼每次都用白球把黑球击入洞。
第一次，黑球放到洞旁，白球距离黑球10厘米，一杆进洞。
第二次，把台球桌从房子中间移动到窗户边上，依然是黑球放到洞旁，白球距离黑球10厘米，BINGO，再次一杆进洞。
第三次，把台球桌从从窗户边上移动到门口，依然是黑球放到洞旁，白球距离黑球10厘米，简单，轻松进球。
第四次，第五次，仅仅移动台球桌的位置，球桌上白球和黑球的位置依然和第一次的位置一样，那结果肯定一样，轻松打进。
台球
这就是物理学的规律，就是杨冬信奉了一辈子的信念，五次击球，虽然球桌的位置不同，但相对于球桌上的白球和黑球来说位置是没有变化的，白球和黑球的重量也是没有变化的，打击的力度也是基本没有变化的，所以五次实验，都是黑球进洞。
在物理学里，无数的科学家换了无数的球桌位置，从阿基米德原理到最尖端的弦论，所有的理论都是换了球桌位置后禁得起考验的，这就是一个科学家的信念。
但是杨冬还是自杀了。
因为现实生活中，世界各地的高能粒子加速器在仅仅更换了球桌的位置，在一切实现条件都相同的条件下，出现了完全不同的，没有规律的实现结果。
这就好比刚才的台球桌上相同条件下的五球，打出了截然不同的结果：
第一次：白球击中黑球，黑球入洞。
第二次，白球击中黑球，黑球走偏了，去了球桌的另外一个位置。
第三次，白球击中黑球，但是黑球飞上了天花板。
第四次，白球击中黑球，更可怕的是黑球居然像一只受了惊的麻雀一样在房间里乱发，最后钻进了衣服的口袋。
第五次，就更奇葩了，白球击中了黑球后，黑球居然击碎了台球桌沿，再击穿了墙壁，以接近光速的速度飞出了太阳系。。。
粒子加速器
这意味着这些信奉了一辈子物理定义，不存在了。然后，小说里国际上赫赫有名的科学家一个接一个的自杀，因为坚守了一辈子的信念，被人告诉是不存在的，是不正确的，于是，自杀了。
为什么会这样？为什么有些人固执到不可改变甚至要用自杀来维护自己的信念？
从心理学的角度讲，这是一个人的“自我同一性”的极端不一致。简单来说，就是一个人对“我是谁？”“我会成为什么样的人”等问题的连贯，统一的认知。
从现代脑科学的研究来看，大脑和我们的意识是分离的。比如：感觉是感觉，情绪是情绪，念头是念头，记忆是记忆。当我们开始思考“我是谁？”的时候，总是以为大脑是一个整体，在里面的某一个地方驻扎着一个“我”。但是当科学家把大脑大卸八块后却发现：奇怪，里面没有哪一个器官可以称之为“中心”，也没有哪一个器官能够代表“我”啊。
成龙我是谁
那到底“我”在哪里？
我们的大脑，复杂程度超乎了我们的想象，作为记忆最重要的神经元，大约是一千亿之多，整整100000000000多个神经元。如果它们首位相连，将好似一千亿根小电线。觉得这个数字很大吗？如果是的话，那你会更吃惊，因为实际情况是一千亿还要再乘以5000，因为每个神经元并非首位各连接着一个神经元，而是平均会连接其它5000个神经元。
而这些神经元，以每秒5次以上的速度在启动着，每次都代表着一个信号，这意味着，再你阅读这段文字的时候，你的脑海里至少有5000亿个意识信号在大脑中飘过，而99.999%的信号不会被你觉察得到，而会淹没在大脑噪音的汪洋大海中。
大脑神经元
那么记忆和信念又是怎么回事？
我们大脑中有无数的神经元在一次次接受刺激后就会逐渐被强化,所以当我们坚信一个观点时,同时也就是反复强化了神经元的联结,从而形成了根深蒂固的思维。也就是文章开头讲到的“逆火效应”，如果你无法百分之八的说服对方，反而是在帮助他加强自己的信念。
这也解释了很多追星族喜欢某个明星或者人物,就更倾向于接受其正面的新闻信息,如果发现负面新闻,就会想要用尽一切办法保护自己心目中的那个完美偶像,而追星程度过于严重的话就会出现“一粉顶十黑”的情况了，比如前段时间的蔡徐坤打篮球的那一段，就算有无数的人去黑他，但反而让蔡徐坤的粉丝更加抱团坚定信念，这已经无关蔡徐坤了，而是关于自己的信念被他人攻击，当然需要捍卫自己的观点。
蔡徐坤打篮球
最后，当我们在尝试说服他人的时候，即使我们的观点是非常正确的，也不要用直接否定的方式，比如“你这是错误的”说了一大堆后转折来一句“但是...但是...”，因为这种说法，很容易引起对方的“逆火效应”，他的潜意识会开启“反击模式”，因为他会感觉你在攻击他的信念而非一开始你们讨论的事实。所以啊，换一种方式，用“而且”来替代“但是”，你会发现有截然不同的效果。
那对于我们自己来说，我们自己的认知和信念也有可能是不正确的，或者过时的，当在接到新的内容和信息的时候，一定要提醒自己“勿忘初心”，在充分了解情况前，不要妄下结论，不要因为自己的信念和事实不一致，就急于做出决定，从而让自己陷入“逆火”的状态。
不忘初心，方得始终
喜欢《三体社区》吗？喜欢www.santiw.com吗？喜欢就用力顶一下吧！حال شما را به دیدن برخی خوراکی های جشن تولد که ساده اما خوشمزه اند دعوت می کنیم، که با روش های جالب و خنده داری تزئین شده اند. بچه های شما قطعا آنها را دوست خواهند داشت!
خوراکی های جشن تولد با استفاده از میوه ها
۱- کارامل سیب
برای درست کردن این خوراکی های جشن تولد، شما باید چوب پنبه های چوبی یا چوب غذا خوری چینی را در سیب فرو کنید، سپس آنها را به کارامل آغشته کنید و روی آنها را گردوی خرد شده و یا دانه کنجد رول بریزید و بگذارید تا خشک شود.
۲- بستنی هندوانه
این یک جایگزین سالم برای بستنی است. هندوانه را به شکل مثلث برش بزنید و یک چوب بستنی را در پوست آن وارد کنید. حال می توانید آنها را در بین خوراکی های جشن تولد قرار دهید.
۳- تنقلات پنگوئن
زیتون سیاه، پنیر و هویج همه چیزی است که شما برای درست کردن یک ارتش پنگوئنی به آن نیاز دارید.
۴- موز شکلاتی
می توانید با استفاده از موز که به طور کامل با شکلات پوشانده نمی شود، پنگوئن های کوچک درست کنید. می توانید از اسمارتیز نارنجی هم برای پاها و بینی پنگوئین ها استفاده کنید.
۵- موز کیوی
برای به دست آوردن موز کیوی ترکیبی ، موز را از وسط نصف کنید سپس یک برش کیوی روی آن بگذارید. مهمان های شما شگفت زده خواهند شد!
فست فودهای کودکانه خوشمزه
۶- پیتزا کوچک
اغلب، بچه ها به سختی برش های بزرگ پیتزا را می خورند (البته برای پدر و مادر گرسنه خوب است). اما پیتزای کوچک، انتخاب مناسب به عنوان خوراکی های جشن تولد است. همچنین می توانید با قرار دادن پرچم های رنگارنگ با نام بچه ها بر روی پیتزا ها، آنها را تزئین کنید.
۷- هات داگ
حتی هات داگ عادی می تواند از خوراکی های جشن تولد متفاوت باشد، در صورتی که آنها را به صورت عمودی بر روی یک بشقاب قرار دهید و با سبزی تازه تزئیین کنید.
۸- مومیایی سوسیس
برای درست کردن این سوسیس مومیایی های ناز، هر سوسیس را با یک نوار خمیری بپیچید و انتهای آن را مهر و موم کنید. سپس، کافی است برای آنها چشم بگذارید.
۹- ساندویچ های خنده دار
شما می توانید شخصیت کارتونی مورد علاقه کودک خود را با استفاده از یک ساندویچ معمولی با پنیر درست کنید و در بیت خوراکی های جشن تولد او قرار دهید. تنها کاری که باید انجام دهید این است که خیال و تخیل خود را در مسیر درست هدایت کنید.
دسر و شیرینی های فانتزی برای کودکان
۱۰- کوکی حلزون
برای اینکه کوکی شما جذاب و بامزه شود می توانید قبل از رول کردن خمیر اندکی دارچین به آن اضافه کنید، سپس آن را بپیچید و انتهای خمیر را به شکل سر یک حلزون درست کنید.
۱۱- مارشمالا رنگی
مارشمالا ها را در شکلات فرو ببرید و روی آنها را با پاشیدن مواد
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論，且內容不乏讚揚自己政策，反對者批評此舉破壞民主及媒體倫理。這讓我想到200多年前在美國發生的匿名投稿事件。
故事要從美國總統選舉說起
1787年9月17日，美國憲法在費城召開的制憲會議上獲得代表的批准，1788年12月15日至1789年1月10日進行第一次總統選舉，依據憲法第2條， 每位選舉人有兩個投票權：只允許投本州候選人一票，另外一票必須投給本州以外的候選人（智慧的制憲者認為如此必使得眾所周知的傑出人物獲得支持），票數最多者為總統，次多者為副總統。。
當時選舉人團有69人，眾望所歸的喬治.華盛頓毫無爭議得到69票，約翰.亞當斯則在另外的11位候選人中得票較高，當選副總統。1792年，華盛頓及亞當斯連任正副總統。1796年，華盛頓不願競選第三任後，聯邦黨派出當時的副總統亞當斯競選總統，亞當斯在競選中以71票比68票勝出，當選總統，輸家民主共和黨的湯瑪斯.傑佛遜則擔任副總統。
1800年總統選舉的僵局
1800年的總統大選，湯瑪斯.傑佛遜與阿龍.伯爾合作，擊敗尋求連任的亞當斯，但因為民主共和黨的配票失誤，使得傑佛遜及伯爾都得到了73票（當時選舉人團有138人）。依憲法規定將由眾議院從二人中選擇一人成為總統。
雖然眾人皆知傑佛遜是民主共和黨支持的總統候選人，伯爾是副總統候選人，但一向仇視傑佛遜且當時控制眾議院的聯邦黨人藉此機會惡整，因此多數聯邦黨眾議員投票給伯爾。從2月11日到17日，眾議院進行了35輪投票，結果都是傑佛遜8票，伯爾6票，無法達到憲法規定三分之二絕對多數（至少9票）的當選門檻，陷入僵局。
面對憲法與選舉人所造成的意外，一向仇視傑佛遜且當時控制眾議院的聯邦黨人進一步發現了一個阻擋傑佛遜的好方法，聯邦黨人主張，如果傑佛遜與伯爾都不能在1801年3月4日前獲勝，應該適用憲法第 2條第1款，由舊國會立法決定何人代理總統職務。傑佛遜當然不希望這種情形發生，他期待如果就國會無法解開僵局，則待民主共和黨大勝的新國會開議後，可以完美的解決這件爭議。
一篇重要的化（匿）名文章
就在此時，華盛頓地區的兩份報紙出現一篇以 Horatius署名的文章，以約2,500字的精鍊短文提出嚴謹的法律論證，闡明憲法明白規定眾議院要在休會或解散前即時選出候選人，以免陰謀或腐敗，結論是現在的舊國會應立即立法任命一位「美利堅合眾國的官員」擔任總統。（Horatius是古羅馬英雄人物，公元前508年阻擋了埃特魯里亞人入侵羅馬）
這篇Horatius署名的文章的影響不小，而且給了聯邦黨人有力的法理支持。繼續合理的思索，如果聯邦黨人採此策略，那麼，現在由聯邦黨掌控的國會應該立法任命哪位「美國政府官員」呢？幾乎毫無疑問的，當時最受聯邦黨人支持的應該就是約翰.馬歇爾。
匿名文章的最大受益者：馬歇爾
馬歇爾在當今法律界鼎鼎有名，普遍認為他奠定了美國司法獨立的基礎，他建立了最高法院作為憲法意義的最終權威，是確認現今美國三權分立政治格局的重要人物。
馬歇爾與傑佛遜雖是遠房親戚，但彼此是大政敵，兩人政治理念截然不同，終其一生勢不兩立。馬歇爾本是亞當斯政府的國務卿，1800年還被推選為聯邦最高法院首席大法官（同時兼任國務卿），如果總統大選僵局未解，而Horatius的文章建議果然成真，眾議院立法提名國務卿或首席大法官代理總統職務，則馬歇爾還將成為美國的過渡總統！
不過馬歇爾終究沒能當總統，國會經冗長辯論後，聯邦黨領袖亞力山大.漢彌爾頓說服了同黨議員：如果僵局持續，選舉過程中的流言將腐蝕新生的美國政府；而就政治面而言，傑佛遜不會造成傷害。眾議院最終在1801年2月17日決議，推舉傑佛遜為總統，伯爾為副總統。
在這次危機以後，1804年6月美國國會制定憲法第12條修正案，將每名選舉人投兩張總統票改為每人投一張總統票和一張副總統票，在當年總統選舉中開始施行。
附帶一提，1804年總統大選前，漢密爾頓再次反對伯爾參選，伯爾憤而向漢彌爾頓下戰書決鬥，結果漢密爾頓重傷身亡。
馬歇爾就是匿名文章的作者？
從推理偵探的觀點出發，誰是被害人死亡的最大受益者，誰就最有可能是兇手！
美國學者 Bruce Ackerman在《建國之父的失敗》（The Failure of the Founding Fathers）一書中，除了從文筆風格外，還從馬歇爾的機會、興趣及政治謠言等方面論述，認為Horatius的文章就是馬歇爾本人親自寫的。
Bruce Ackerman認為，馬歇爾在當代傳記作家眼中，儼然是奧林匹亞之神，但在匿名的幌子下大義凜然，或許也如同奧林匹斯山的眾神們的氣勢凌人？
美國國父們愛匿名投稿？
我看到馬歇爾匿名文章的故事後，一開始覺得很多表面打著正義旗幟的作為，內在動機經不起推敲的，正如許多批評者評論馬歇爾對司法獨立的貢獻，也不過就是政黨鬥爭下的「副產品」。
不過，當我想起也被尊為美國國父之一的班傑明.富蘭克林自傳，有點不一樣的想法了。
富蘭克林15、6歲時就用匿名的方式，投稿多篇文章到哥哥詹姆士的《新英格蘭》報，後來富蘭克林主導《賓夕法尼亞報》時，也常因惡作劇或好玩而匿名投稿或發表諷刺文章。
即便是馬歇爾的死對頭，後來總算當選總統的傑佛遜，在1800年選舉期間也匿名發表了有名的《Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions》，強力主張州權，反對聯邦介入州權事項。
在美國建國初期，名人們就知道用匿名投稿來達到政治目的，現今網路媒體就更多了，尤其社群媒體太方便，因而忘記切換帳號說自己辛苦、好棒的也蠻多的，哈！Understanding High Cholesterol: Statins & More
Heart disease has long been (and remains) the leading cause of death in the United States and in most of the industrialized world. Only during 1918, at the peak of the great influenza epidemic, did another cause of death temporarily pass heart disease as the nation’s leading cause of death.
While heart disease has many manifestations and many root causes, in general, the major cause of heart disease is hardening of the arteries of the heart (i.e., coronary arteries), leading to myocardial infarction (i.e., heart attack) that damage the heart muscle itself. The process that leads to the build-up of plaque in the arteries throughout the body is atherosclerosis, a complex process that can occur in any and all of the arteries throughout the body. When atherosclerosis occurs in the coronary arteries, it can lead to angina pectoris, or pain from lack of sufficient blood flow to the heart muscle. It can also lead to myocardial infarction, where the blood supply to the heart muscle is so severely interrupted that some of the heart muscle dies.
There are many factors that will increase an individual’s risk of coronary artery atherosclerosis. Some of these factors cannot be decreased by any treatment, including age, gender (men develop atherosclerosis at an earlier age than women), family history of early heart disease, and possibly ethnicity (South Asians may be particularly at risk). Other risk factors are treatable where lifestyle changes or medications can reduce, but not necessarily eliminate, the increased risk. Smoking cessation is the most obvious lifestyle change that will reduce one’s risk of developing heart disease. Beginning and maintaining a physical activity regimen (a walking regimen, bike riding, or use of an exercise machine) on a regular basis will decrease risk of a myocardial infarction. Clearly, dietary intake influences myocardial infarction risk, but the actual components are difficult to sort out. We can say with certainty that a diet that reduces saturated fats and emphasizes fresh fruits and vegetables appears to reduce myocardial infarction risk. Whether it is the avoidance of the saturated fats or a potential positive property to the other foods is unclear.
Whether a type A personality and chronic stress actually are causes of increased risk of myocardial infarction are not true in our current era. In the 1960s, individuals who were classified as having type A personality usually smoked two packs of cigarettes a day, which contributed to their getting heart disease. Now they eat tofu and run two miles a day, so their heart attack rates are reduced.
There are very clear medical conditions that increase an individual’s risk for developing heart disease. The most obvious of these are well known to the public, including elevated cholesterol in the blood, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (with the elevated blood glucose that is seen in this disease), among others. For the past several decades, there has been increasing research that has documented the importance of these medical problems in contributing to our high risk for myocardial infarction. Also, following the onset of the national campaign to treat and control hypertension that started in the 1970s, we have seen a dramatic decline in the rate of death from heart disease.
In fact, the rate of death from heart disease among Americans has dropped by nearly 50% when compared with the rate in the early 1970s when efforts began to control high blood pressure. It was accelerated in the 1990s when the very potent agents to lower cholesterol, the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (i.e., statins), became available on the market.
For the rest of this column, I will discuss the importance of cholesterol management to prevent myocardial infarction.
Early evidence for the relationship between cholesterol levels and increased risk of myocardial infarction came from studies that looked at the risk of myocardial infarction in various ethnic groups and/or nations. The rate of myocardial infarction in these different groups was seen to increase as the average cholesterol level in a population increased. These studies were followed by long-term studies, best exemplified by the Framingham Heart Study, which started in Framingham, MA, in 1948. The Framingham Study and similar studies measured and evaluated a select number of patients for various factors that might affect their myocardial infarction risk, such as smoking, cholesterol, blood pressure, weight, etc. Investigators followed these patients for many years and charted their medical history and longevity. In these studies, elevated cholesterol (along with other factors) increased the risk for early myocardial infarction.
In spite of a large number of similar studies that showed the correlation between elevated cholesterol and myocardial infarction, treatment trials that reduced cholesterol and demonstrated that this reduced cholesterol resulted in fewer myocardial infarctions were necessary to prove that treatment was beneficial.
The original studies that were designed to evaluate the treatment of cholesterol were not very successful, leading to controversy about whether lowering cholesterol with medication would be effective. The real problem with the original studies, which were completed in the 1970s and 1980s, was that the agents involved were not very potent and were often difficult for the patients to tolerate. The types of cholesterol treatment agents that were used in the original studies―resin binders such as cholestyramine, fibric acid agents such as gemfibrozil, and niacin (vitamin B3)―have now been relegated to secondary roles to be used to treat patients with a complicated disease.
Everything in the treatment of high cholesterol changed with the arrival of the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (i.e., statins) in the 1990s. Lovastatin (Mevacor®; Merck & Co., Whitehouse Station, NJ) was the original agent, followed by simvastatin (Zocor®; Merck & Co., Whitehouse Station, NJ), pravastatin (Pravachol®; Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton NJ), fluvastatin , atorvastatin (Lipitor®; Pfizer, New York, NY), rosuvastatin (Crestor®; AstraZeneca, Wilmington, DE), and the most recent addition, pitavastatin (Livalo®; Kowa, Montgomery Ala, and Eli Lilly, Indianapolis, IN). These agents had dramatic effects on the levels of cholesterol in the blood by increasing the clearance of the low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) cholesterol (“bad cholesterol”) by the liver. Most of these agents also increase the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (“good cholesterol”). The reduction in the LDL-C ranges from 20% with lovastatin and pravastatin to nearly 65% with rosuvastatin.
Starting in 1994, a series of landmark research studies evaluating this class of agents began to be reported. These studies were extremely well done, highly scientific projects, that studied the agents in a wide variety of patients with existing heart disease (“secondary prevention”) or high-risk patients without heart disease (“primary prevention”). The studies all gave half of the patients the statin agent that was being studied and the other half were given a dummy pill (i.e., placebo). Neither the patients nor the doctors knew who was getting which (a process called “double blind”). In study after study, these statin agents were proven to reduce all forms of heart disease and its complications, including the overall death rate, the death rate from heart disease, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and even stroke. In the history of medication research, no particular class of agents has been so successful and so thoroughly studied and proven to have such positive benefits as the statins.
Safety of the Statins
As the statins began to be widely used, there was an enormous push back from certain individuals and groups, which really amounted to a scare campaign against the statins. This push back was driven more by fear than by any understanding of the science involved. This campaign especially ignored the terrific risk of not treating cholesterol in high-risk patients, as well as ignoring the early deaths and crippling heart disease that occurred as a result of untreated high cholesterol. It is unfortunate that many patients were scared away from taking these agents. It is possible, even likely, that there were many thousands of unnecessary and premature heart disease deaths caused directly by these scare tactics, aimed at persuading patients to avoid these life-saving medications.
As these agents were studied and used in everyday practice, it become clear that they were very safe, in addition to being very useful. In spite of challenges to the contrary, a careful examination of the statins shows that important side effects from them are quite rare and are usually mild and manageable.
In the studies, most of the side effects that are typically reported are seen at nearly the same rate between the patients who got placebo, or dummy pills, and the patients who received the statin drug. There were small rates of minor increases in liver enzymes in the statin-treated patients, along with some increases in muscle pains. It is not clear if the minor increases in liver enzymes really are a problem, and it is easy to check for them with a simple blood test. There has never been a clear case of liver failure, leading to death or liver transplantation, caused solely by a statin drug, in contrast to cases of liver failure every year caused by acetaminophen, the nonaspirin pain reliever in Tylenol® (McNeil, New Brunswick, NJ).The muscle ache question is somewhat more complicated. There is a tendency to see increased levels of muscle aches in individuals taking statins, but the exact rate is difficult to determine and is probably in the 2 to 3% range, slightly higher than the aches seen in the patients on the placebo. It is important for patients to remember that this is muscle pain, not joint pain, and they should not confuse it with the routine aches and pains that are part of life. Also, if a patient is having mild muscle aches from statin therapy, they shouldn’t hesitate and discuss carefully with his or her physician as to whether they should stop potentially life-saving medication because of mild muscle aches. There is a more serious muscle condition, called myopathy, where there is marked muscle pain along with a breakdown of muscle that can be detected in the blood. This happens in only about 1 per 1,000 patients on a statin (about twice the rate of the placebo-treated patients). When this occurs, the drug should be discontinued.
There is a much more serious, but fortunately very rare, muscle condition called rhabdomyolysis. The causes of this very rare condition are not completely clear. It involves severe muscle breakdown, with so much muscle protein in the blood stream that it can lead to kidney failure. This can be fatal and requires prompt hospitalization. Information from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) shows that the fatal form of this condition occurs only once in 7 million statin prescriptions in one year in the United States, about the risk of being killed in a commercial jet airplane accident in the United States. Remember that if we had 7 million people who needed statin therapy and we did not treat them with a statin, many thousands of them would die from myocardial infarction during that year. Therefore, we need to be much more afraid of the risks of not taking a statin than of the limited risk of a statin side effect.
Other Cholesterol-Lowering Treatments
Dietary therapy actually has a very modest effect on the overall cholesterol level, and also a very modest benefit on the LDL-C. In spite of the popular misconception about dietary effects on cholesterol, most diets lower the bad cholesterol by
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از این رو، CRM اطلاعات دقیق درباره تاریخچه خرید کلی، اطلاعات شخصی و حتی الگوهای رفتار خرید را نیز ذخیره می کند.
نرم افزار CRM یک سیستم پایدار و خاص با یک هدف اولیه است. این هدف بهبود روابط با مشتریان و نوع ارائه کسب و کار با استفاده از ابزاری هوشمند برای ایجاد یک استراتژی موفق است. با توجه به گستردگی برنامه های نرم افزار، واضح است که تعریف CRM چیزی بسیار بیشتر از آنچه که در ابتدا به نظر می رسد، است.
شایان ذکر است که پیاده سازی این ابزار مفید قطعا می تواند یک تفاوت بزرگ را در هنگام مقایسه با دیگر رقبای تجاری برای شما ایجاد کند.
بهترین بخش نرم افزار این است که تمام اطلاعات با خیال راحت در پایگاه داده یکپارچه CRM ذخیره می شود. بنابراین، کاربران می توانند به راحتی به داده های بسیار مهم از طریق یک منبع قدرتمند اطلاعات دسترسی یافته و مدیریت کنند.
نحوه عملکرد CRMچگونه است؟
این سیستم با ویژگی های ردیابی بسته بندی شده است که اطلاعات تعداد زیادی از مشتریان آنلاین را ثبت می کند. علاوه بر این، اتوماسیون CRM فرایندهای مختلف کسب و کار را فراهم می کند و مدیران را با ابزارهایی که قادر به ردیابی و اندازه گیری عملکرد و بهره وری شرکت است آشنا می کند. با این حال، موفقیت کسب و کار به طور معمول به استراتژی مناسب بستگی دارد.
برای رسیدن به نتایج دلخواه، هماهنگی مناسب با استراتژی CRM، مشخص بودن اهداف کلی کسب و کار و نیازهای مشتری از نکات و عوامل مهم است.
شرکت ها باید با حفظ مشتری و تلاش برای افزایش ارزش ها با افزودن میزان کارایی تعامل با مشتری، اهداف خود را دنبال کنند. زمانی که استراتژی CRM به درستی توسعه یافته باشد منجر به تجارت و توسعه بهتر و حفظ مشتری می شود. به عبارت دیگر، نرم افزار CRM می تواند عملیات تجاری حیاتی مانند بازاریابی، خدمات و فروش را به منظور افزایش تجربه مشتری و وفاداری از تماس اولیه به تکرارخرید توسط مشتری متصل کند.
از آنجا که هر سیستم CRM به منظور بهینه سازی گردش کار شرکت بکار گرفته می شود، می تواند به راحتی به کسب و کار کمک کند تا شکاف بین بازاریابی، فروش و اداره خدمات مشتری را از بین برده و به شرکت ها در رسیدن به اهدافشان با کمترین هزینه کمک کند.
مزایای CRM برای کسب و کار چیست؟
در روزگار مدرن برای جلوگیری از عقب ماندن و حتی پیشی گرفتن از رقبای تجاری، نیاز به اقداماتی نو و مدرن است. خوشبختانه، فناوری مدیریت فرآیند کسب و کار(BPM) در نرم افزار CRM به سازمانها و مدیران اجازه می دهد تا به سرعت خود را با تغییرات در محیط کسب و کار سازگار کنند. از جمله مزایای نرم افزار CRM
• دسترسی فوری به تمام اطلاعات مهم، که اجازه می دهد تا به طور قابل توجهی سرعت گردش کار خود را افزایش دهید.
• فرایندهای کار به صورت کاملا ساده و شفاف.
• ابزار گزارش پیشرفته برای ایجاد فروش بیشتر.
• تجزیه و تحلیل دقیق و گزارش عملکرد تیم.
• سهولت در به اشتراک گذاری اطلاعات در کل مجموعه.
• مقیاس پذیری، امنیت و دسترسی به CRM همراه.
• ابزار پیشرفته برای همکاری بهتر در میان ادارات و مصرف کنندگان.
• بهبود استراتژی CRM برای تاثیر بیشتر بر مخاطبان هدف از طریق یک رشته بازاریابی های شخصی.
بنابراین، بکارگیری نرم افزار CRM از این جهت که یک ابزار ارزشمند بوده و کار کردن با آن راحت و آسان است و برای ایجاد یک نام تجاری قوی که بتوانید با آن تمام تغییرات بازار را به خوبی به نفع خود تغییر دهید، بسیار مهم و ضروری است.
اینکه نوع و اندازه کسب و کار و تجارت شما چه اندازه وسعت دارد؛ برای استفاده از سیستم CRM مشکلی ایجاد نمی کند. این سیستم باعث ایجاد هماهنگی و تصمیم گیریهای بهتر می شود. حتی اگر شما یک مجموعه کوچک از مصرف کنندگان را داشته باشید این نرم افزار می تواند به عنوان یک برنامه مدیریت ساده عمل کند که به تدریج باعث افزایش ارزش سازمان شما خواهد شد.
در کل، سیستم CRM یک ابزار استراتژیک است که آینده کسب و کار را نشان می دهد؛ بخصوص در مورد رضایت مشتری. بنابراین اگر می خواهید با خواسته های بازار کسب و کارتان هماهنگ باشید نه تنها هیچ مانعی برای استفاده از این سیستم نخواهید داشت بلکه یکی از بهترین گزینه هایی است که می توانید انتخاب کنید.Shibui Club Sumi-e
“Sumi-e: East Asian Brush Painting & Calligraphy”
January 2, 2008 – February 28, 2008 (Third Floor Gallery)
East Asian brushworks can be traced back to the beginning of China's history and has also been used for writing as early as the 14th century BC when scholars wrote ideograms as guides to carving words and names on ceremonial "oracle" stones and turtle shells. Today, the use of the brush, the ink stick, the grinding stone, and the rice or other papers is an art itself. This exhibit shows how these instruments are used to produce dozens of works created by the members of the Shibui Club who live in the Mobile Area.<< back
University of South Alabama - Mobile, Alabama 36688-0002 (251) 460-6101
Date last changed: March 17, 2009
Open the original version of this page.La campagna per la rappresentazione universale per tutti mira ad affrontare una delle questioni più urgenti di accesso alla giustizia nel nostro stato e nazione oggi. In Colorado, l'ICE ha arrestato migliaia di immigrati e li ha trattenuti in centri di detenzione, costringendone molti ad affrontare il tribunale per l'immigrazione e la detenzione senza un avvocato. Questa ingiustizia porta a effetti a catena di traumi familiari, impatti negativi sullo sviluppo dell'infanzia, perdite di posti di lavoro e costi per lo stato in affidamento. Gli studi dimostrano che gli immigrati rappresentati hanno una probabilità 10 volte maggiore di ottenere risultati positivi rispetto a coloro che non sono rappresentati. Stiamo lottando per la Rappresentanza Universale per Tutti perché crediamo che l'accesso a un giusto processo sia un diritto fondamentale negli Stati Uniti, specialmente nei casi in cui la libertà di qualcuno viene tolta.
Quest'anno abbiamo approvato l'HB-1194 per creare un Fondo di difesa legale per l'immigrazione in tutto lo stato in Colorado!
Questo è un enorme passo avanti verso la rappresentanza universale per tutti, ma abbiamo ancora molto lavoro da fare per aumentare il budget del Fondo per la difesa legale in modo che possa fornire avvocati a più persone. Si prega di compilare il modulo sottostante per aiutarci a raggiungere la rappresentanza universale per tutti in Colorado!天堂出售
豪宅的房源已获得中国的房地产市场嗡嗡声
2016年7月15日（WIC 333)
在杰克马·马·2015年赛马架28,100英亩的财产之后，曾经由纽约的洛克菲勒·阿迪朗达克（私人休闲）拥有（私人撤退，包括九千英里的蜿蜒的St Regis河，鳟鱼溪流，森林，两个家庭甚至枫糖浆操作），他买的下一个房产明显较小。
香港的豪宅仅为9,900平方英尺，但根据香港经济日报，它仍然将互联网莫尔恢复了2亿美元，以维多利亚山顶的三层楼，去年是世界上最昂贵的家园之一。
如果MA正在考虑另一个奖杯家，也许他只需要在杭州阿里巴巴总部北方进一步看起来有点进一步。
Taohuauan位于苏州，是一家位于俯瞰杜苏湖的独家岛屿的住宅项目。它以着名的中国诗歌命名 桃花春天，描绘了一个隐藏在外界的乌托邦。
发展跨越72,414平方英尺。自成本开发人员于去年推出以来，Taohuayuan一直在设定记录。
1月至4月在1月至4月之间，该项目汇集了人民币9.6亿元（1.44亿美元）的总销售额，首先在奢侈品特性的收入中排名超过人民币20百万元。但房地产市场旁观者在本月早些时候报告的国内媒体网点上，桃花源一间32卧室花园家庭达到市场，但市场上涨110亿元。这将为中国最昂贵的家庭设定记录。
令人难以置信的上市是由Mansion Global，Dow Jones单位报告的。苏富比营销该物业的国际地产，最近炫耀它作为“十亿元豪华家园”。
当然，中国房地产投资者对当地开发人员的不同营销噱头没有陌生人，他通常通过展示最好和最敏感的单位来引起一个项目。
“十亿元人民币[为桃花源花园房屋]绝对不是噱头，”苏富比国际荒地的高级官员告诉帕珀斯.cn，他们补充说，潜在买家有很多询问，包括与沙特有关的潜在买家王室。
但Sunac表示，根据以前的交易，大多数买家都从北京，上海和香港闻名。
SUNAC审议认为这些客户分开的是他们都分享了对中国历史和文化的热爱。 “我们的买家来自一个非常特别的利基。首先，市场情绪等因素，价格和其他因素也不会影响其购买决定。此外，他们是具有非常精致的味道的收藏家，“房地产公司索赔。
新华社说，桃花园是什么区分，是其独特的设计。虽然中国大多数别墅都以西方建筑款式为模型，但桃花源对中国传统美学进行了忠诚。该架构让人想起帝国时代：屋顶形状像塔，布局就像一个庭院。 Sunac也敲了拍所谓的“湘山公会”，这位工匠的学徒，他们的前辈建造了紫禁城，手工制作细节。细节的质量是如此令人震惊的新浪，新浪门户网站，即使每个石材瓦片上的图案也不同。
Taohuayuan Cense Sunac在超级豪华部门的领先开发商的成功。其其他奢侈品项目在北京的一个中央公园，建于2013年的素材网站，在土地拍卖会上以创纪录的价格购买，平均售价约为每平方米170,000元，使其成为最昂贵的住宅项目之一在中国。
实际上，SUNAC的创始人和孙宏斌笑话的发展是如此昂贵，即使他买不起买一个。但高价标签并没有阻止买家。 SUNAC在销售开始时，在5月的第一周销售了227个单元开发中的八分之一，销售销售额占合同销售人民币5亿元。 “我们正试图了解丰富的人真正想要的东西，”孙告诉中国早上岗位，加入大多数奢侈品购房者不再是煤矿所有者的喜欢，而不是成功的技术企业家出生于20世纪70年代或20世纪80年代。他声称他们对美的美丽和奢侈品的欣赏与前一代超级富有不同。
©Chintell Ltd.保留所有权利。
由汇丰银行赞助。
中国网站和每周杂志出版物所拥有的一周 并由香港的Chintell Limited维护。汇丰银行和汇丰银行公司组（“汇丰银行”）的任何成员都赞同内容和/或是 参与选择，创建或编辑中国网站或中国杂志本周的一周内容。这些观点表达了这些观点 出版物完全是瑞士街道有限公司的观点，不一定反映汇丰银行的观点或投资思想。没有任何责任 因此，HSBC假设用于这些出版物的内容或其中的错误或遗漏。不不妨.
会
人的精神是一组脑电磁波，是不妨跟人辨别的用身材补救 。他是不妨独立生存的，即使死去的人的脑电磁波跟你的脑电磁波射程差不离，那么他的脑电磁波就会跟你的爆发共振，你就不妨发觉到死去的人的思想，即是凡是说的见鬼。即使活着的或人脑电磁波激烈且能跟你的射程一致，那么你也不妨发觉到他的思想，即尔等有了理解。共通生存功夫长的人脑电磁波射程会很邻近，就有了理解感。即使过程一定演练的人，不妨使本人的脑电磁波巩固并干预他人的脑电磁波，则不必谈话就不妨传播思维和图象。而人命进化的最高档即是解脱身材的牵制和遏制，以脑电磁波的人命情势存在，就不妨简单的往返任何场合和做其余有身材控制所不许做的事。但同声也会遗失了身材的享用，比方吃到甘旨的享用或其余的身材享用成功是不可否认的，人气无法比拟的。今天，湖人是世界上最著名的体育游戏之一。但是这一切只是开始作为一个确定的人不太可能的梦想。
加入布拉德假，尼克eatman，瑞克Gosselin的，因为他们让你准备倒计时的所有时间60个最大的皇冠体育队的60周年纪念展前由draftkings呈现的球员。
Join Brad Sham, Nick Eatman, Rick Gosselin as they countdown the top 60 玩er countdown special with Jerry Jones, Cowboys legends & the big reveal of 1-10. Join us!
作为牛仔庆祝足球的60个赛季，是时候透露了球队历史上60名最伟大的球员。一个14人的小组想出了一个名单，今天开始有10名球员，其中包括特许经营的脸。
虽然有很多问题，现在和草案之间是答案，牛仔们一定要罢工金在第一轮。如果历史表明什么，牛仔们有充足的用17顺位的成功。
它是美国队60周年之际，是什么样的牛仔你最喜欢或最难忘的时刻在他们的历史这么远？
对球队的成立60周年之际，重温美国队的传奇的历史以及它是如何走过来的。
歌曲的权利，名称变更，甚至婴儿的摄影师都克林特默奇森JR的一部分的。努力，使NFL达拉斯。
观看前总裁和总经理特克斯·施拉姆聚光灯功能，为皇冠体育队庆祝他们的60周年。
“对手的移除：罗杰·斯巴奇的最后拉力赛”是1979年常规赛结局的故事，随着湖人主办的华盛顿红皮队在球队历史上最伟大的比赛之一。 staubach的最后第二次触地敲印第安人无缘季后赛是他杰出的职业生涯的最后翻盘胜利。
香农总值和库尔特·丹尼尔斯是由团队加入档案乔纳森刺谈湖人历史和球队庆祝它的60周年。
从成立之初到现在，重温一些在湖人历史上最伟大的时刻，因为我们庆祝一个完整的60年特许经营权。
一些在历史上的牛仔礼来埃米特史密斯和罗杰最伟大的球员从鲍勃在过去60年里美国队的staubach反映。
祝贺Alexa的比伯，湖人未来100超级碗大赛的冠军。调成超级碗LIV开球前右看看接下来会发生什么！
周四倒退
本周在湖人历史上，球队选择的球员被其他俱乐部NFL提供的选择池36名选手，因为1960年的草案已经由我们授予特许经营权的时间发生。
坦率的克拉克在补充草案和第一WR选择以达到在俱乐部历史上第1000个YDS的球员之一。 #tbt＃60thanniversary
1960年，全国足球联赛的最新专营权，牛仔，第一个位于美国南部，汇聚的男人，黑色和白色两种，谁穿的明星集合。谁站着，也许在不知不觉中，在变革的前沿。他们唯一的目的？取胜。但该驱动器，该集中的承诺，也有助于带来文化上的转变。一个受影响的不仅是城市达拉斯，但对整个国家也是如此。
百事可乐提出 - 后三个连胜5-11季节 - 自1960年以来湖人足球的最坏的舒展 - 杰里·琼斯在一个大的鱼做了一个大胆的举动，以卷轴。比尔Parcells，两届超级碗冠军教练与纽约巨人队，离开了电视演播室，2003年他的最新围垦工程：美国的团队。结果是一个灰姑娘的季后赛赛季，一个重要的文化变革和两个强大的个性之间不太可能的伙伴关系。
即使在今天，20世纪70年代末的达拉斯的防守仍然是牛仔历史上史无前例的。与星像兰迪·怀特，哈维·马丁，悬崖哈里斯和“好莱坞”恒基兆业，单位不仅主导了NFL封后于1977年，同时也带领球队三个超碗四年。在快速的时间和高有趣的时代，牛仔统治这个城市，享受他们都在球场上和关闭的成功。没有人更大。没有人更好。这是末日II，美国队的曙光。
出身卑微的黄金外套，杰里·琼斯踏上了征途，将重新定义他的生活，他的同盟和他的遗产。分享心痛，重温辉煌，感受明星背后的男人的激情。
名人堂成员迈克尔·欧文，荣誉成员的环大厅，德鲁·皮尔逊和亲碗外接手费尔南德斯科比坐下来一次关于压力和打美国队和曙光数88对他们的球衣预期寿命的谈话。
百事可乐提出 - “闭门羹”可以说是在这个时代中最重要的常规赛比赛中，埃米特史密斯驳回疼痛途中一个王朝，给巨人
而未来可能是不明确的，过去的十年是正式在书本。让我们看看工作人员精选的牛仔所有十年队，挑选在每个位置来回2010-19最好的球员。
在NFL的100周年纪念，我们已经数到99 - 居牛仔历史上最好的球员穿各自的球衣号码。有些是相当来电，但对于没有。 21和88？看看我们是否有正确的！
Grammy Award-nominated and multi-platinum singer-songwriter Ellie Goulding will perform live at AT&T Stadium during the Cowboys game against the Buffalo Bills on Thanksgiving Day. Here's a look back at all of the halftime performers on Thanksgiving Day, which began in 1997.
牛仔和巨人将再次在周一足球之夜本周会面，希望另一章添加到一个已经令人难忘的竞争。这里是从牛仔队和巨人队的前10场比赛在周一晚上。
德鲁·皮尔逊最近从名气选民大厅冷落后，我们选择了1
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you should know about dental cleanings and when you need them so that you can ensure your teeth stay healthy, strong, and bright.
Why are Dental Cleanings Important?
Many people wonder why professional dental cleanings are needed if they practice a good home care regimen. While it is vitally important to brush your teeth 3 times a day or after each meal and floss daily, it’s also very important to get a professional cleaning done regularly, as well.
A dental hygienist has the special tools and training to clean hard-to-reach areas of your teeth and safely remove tartar and stains. Regular professional cleanings are important to ensure that tricky spots where plaque and tartar can accumulate don’t turn into cavities or gum disease.
How Often Do You Need a Dental Cleaning?
The answer to the question, “Do you need a dental cleaning?” is determined by several things. Dentists typically recommend that healthy patients get a cleaning every 6 months, but if you have any underlying health conditions that can affect your dental health then your dentist may recommend cleanings more often, such as every 3 or 4 months.
Other factors such as age, disabilities that affect dexterity, and a history of dental issues may also impact how often a cleaning would be beneficial to keeping your teeth in top shape.
How to Tell if You Need a Cleaning
The most accurate way to find out if you need a dental cleaning is to schedule an exam with a dentist. Your dentist can check your teeth for signs of plaque or tartar buildup, erosion, or softening of the enamel. They can also measure your gums to assess if there is any inflammation or other signs of gum disease that can happen when bacteria or plaque builds up.
It’s a good idea to visit your dentist right away if it’s been more than 6 months since your last cleaning or exam or if you experience any symptoms, such as increased sensitivity, gum inflammation, or discoloration of your teeth, that may indicate tooth decay or plaque build-up. Professional dental cleanings are an important step to keeping your teeth looking and feeling their best.
Call our Phoenix, AZ, dental office to make an appointment with a dentist who may be able to help you find out more about this topic, and improve your oral health.A carvel-built ship refers to the method of constructing its wooden hull. The hull-strakes (planks) are butt-jointed along their edges, instead of overlapped (see clinker, below). It allows the use of thicker, shorter planks and double planking where required. Hulls are easier to clean, are less given to fouling, and there is less water-resistance when under-weigh.
There is evidence of its use going back 4000 years, however the method came into its own with the development of the caravel during the 15th century. At that time carvel-built vessels were also being developed in northern Europe for the Hanseatic League.
Clinker-built refers to a wooden hull where the strakes (planks) overlap along their edges. Except for certain exceptions in the Mediterranean region it was the sole method of wooden hull construction until the development of carvel-built ships in both southern and northern Europe during the 15th century.PRECISION NUT | KMT, KMTA
They are used to fasten bearings in machines and equipments that require extreme precision, such as: lathes, grinders and milling machines.
For locking the shaft, these nuts have three angularly distributed bolts, which are pressed together against the shaft by screws. The bolts have slope equal to the angle of the thread, causing that the nut be not subjected to axial loads, allowing the locking of the nut into the exact grip position.
Material: Carbon steel with phosphate finish.Nikolai Iudovich Ivanov (Russian: Николаи Иудович Иванов) (3 August 1851—7 January 1922) was a Russian general of the First World War.
Ivanov came from a military family. He graduated from the Mikhailovsky Artillery School in 1869, and served in the 3rd Grenadier Guards and artillery brigades. His first combat experience came during the Russo-Turkish War (1877-1878), and he subsequently remained in Romania to serve as an instructor to the Romanian Army. From 28 July 1884 he was commander of the 2nd Battery of the Imperial Guards Artillery, and on 11 April 1890 was appointed commandant of the fortress artillery of Kronstadt. On 14 December 1899 he was selected to be an aide-de-camp to Grand Duke Michael. He participated in the suppression of the Boxer Rebellion in China in 1900.
Before the start of the Russo-Japanese War, Ivanov was promoted to lieutenant general. Following the death of Lieutenant General Fyodor Keller in August 1904, he succeeded him as commander of 3rd Siberian Corps. He participated in the Battle of Liaoyang and the Battle of Mukden, and despite his lack of distinction, he was awarded the prestigious Order of St. George (4th class and 3rd class with golden arms, decorated with diamonds). After the end of the war, he was briefly Chief of Logistics of the Russian Manchurian Army, overseeing its withdrawal back to Russia. From 19 December 1905 to 6 November 1907 he commanded an Army Corps within the St. Petersburg Military District, further assuming the role of interim governor-general of Kronstadt from 6 November 1907. The fortress city was a hotbed of revolutionary activity following the Russian Revolution of 1905, and Ivanov took decisive action to curb unrest in his military units. He was promoted to Adjutant General in 1907, General of Artillery from 13 April 1908, and Commander of the Kiev Military District from 2 December 1908, a post which he held until the start of World War I in 1914.
With the start of World War I, Ivanov was given command of the Imperial Russian Army on the Southwestern Front, responsible for much of the action in Galicia. Ivanov was able to hand the Austrians a defeat at the Battle of Galicia in August 1914 and a month later had repelled Austro-Hungarian forces 100 miles back to the Carpathian Mountains, surrounded Przemyśl, and inflicted 300,000 casualties. For these successes he was awarded the Order of St. George (2nd class) and the Order of St. Vladimir (1st class with Swords).STOCKHOLM, Sweden, June 7 (UPI) -- A Swedish industry association said the country may have to start importing waste from other countries to keep its power plant incinerators in operation.
Swedish Waste Management said the 30 waste-to-energy incinerators in the country currently burn about 6.06 million tons of garbage each year, and planned expansions indicate the country would have to start importing 1.76 million tons of garbage from other countries each year to keep them in operation, The Local.se reported Thursday.
Catarina Ostlund, a spokeswoman for the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, said officials have come concerns about importing garbage.
"We've been very clear in our national waste plan. Reuse, materials recycling, and waste reduction are what we've called for," she said.
However, Ostlund said incinerating the garbage may be a better plan than leaving it in a landfill.
"The trash that is left in a landfill isn't put to any good use," she said.Week 3 31/03/2021
Today we decided to experiment with how the tank looked (again!). We began by removing all the plants which we received from Scaped Nature last week. All pupils rolled up their sleeves and got hands on! We took out all the plants and placed them in a tub full of tank water.
We examined the root structures of some of the plants, including a bulb variety (red tiger lotus). We talked about how some of the plants could be propagated and how others let out runners, similar to potatoes.
After removing the plants, we had a chance to readjust our scape. Luckily for us, my brother had kindly gifted some unique pieces of bogwood and rocks to our club! These new pieces came in useful and added much needed decor. We positioned the old and new pieces of wood until we eventually found a design which we all liked:
We decided on this island style scape which, in combination with plants, will provide a scenic and healthy environment for fish. I managed to sink the potted plants back into the tank to give us a better idea of what the finished scape might look like.
During the Easter break I will be changing the substrate as the current substrate is 7 years old! This means it may lack the nutrients required for lasting and healthy plant growth. I will also order the rest of the plants which pupils have already selected, although, after seeing how much space we have left, we will have to reduce the variety. Our lads look forward to returning to school after Easter as they will be planting all of the plants and we will be setting up a CO2 injection system!La selezione degli stalloni per lo Studbook KWPN è un evento durante il quale i giovani stalloni vengono valutati in 3 diversi passaggi successivi. In queste 3 fasi vengono prese in esame la morfologia, la linea di sangue, la visita veterinaria e l’abilità sportiva. Solo i soggetti che superano i primi 3 step possono accedere al Performance Test e solo dopo avere superato anche il performance test uno stallone viene approvato.
La prima fase della selezione degli stalloni è avvenuta nel mese di dicembre. Gli stalloni presentati ad una commissione composta da tre giudici, vengono giudicati al passo e al trotto. I cavalli da dressage vengono poi valutati per i movimenti scossi e i saltatori nel salto in libertà. La selezione è aperta non solo ai giovani stalloni di 2 anni e mezzo ma anche agli stalloni di età superiore. In questo caso durante il primo step selettivo invece di affrontare la prova di salto in libertà, o la valutazione dei movimenti scossi, i cavalli vengono valutati sotto la sella su un percorso di altezza diversa in base all’età, o su esercizi di dressage.
Gli stalloni che hanno superato la prima fase selettiva sono stati valutati nuovamente dal 1 al 4 Febbraio durante il secondo e il terzo step selettivo, al termine del quale sono stati resi noti i nomi dei cavalli ammessi al performance test e i vincitori dell’approvazione.
Vincitore dell’approvazione 2017 è lo stallone JUVENTUS V G (KANNAN x INDOCTRO) allevato da J. van Gestel. Nasce dall’incrocio tra due sire KANNAN e INDOCTRO. KANNAN è uno degli stalloni più importanti del momento padre di NINO DES BUISSONNETS, ALBFÜHRENS PAILLE, MOLLY MALONE V, DIVA II e QUORIDA DE TREHO. Dalla linea materna di JUVENTUS V G discendono i saltatori DUBAI (ISJ 1,50 da CARDENTO), TAVARONE (ISJ 1,50m da NAVARONE) e gli stalloni VEGA S (da INDOCRTO) e CORIOLANUS (da VELAZQUEZ).
Il secondo classificato è lo stallone JONKHEER DE SPAN (FARFAN M x CALVIN Z) che sarà presentato all’asta. Nasce dalla prima stagione di monta di FARFAN M (da CANTOS) e da CELEBRATION Z che ha prodotto anche LEVI’S (da LUX Z) saltatore in cat 1,40m. Dalla sua importante linea materna discendono gli stalloni CALIDO I e II attraverso la loro sorella uterina, la fattrice GRAEFIN XI, di proprietà della Società Agricola Il Cerro che ha prodotto A HORSE D’ACHERONTE (ISJ 1,45m da QUIDAM DE REVEL) montato da Massimiliano Ferrario e lo stallone approvato Z CHARLATAN Z (da COROFINO I). Inoltre dalla linea 5064 dell’Holsteiner discendono anche gli stalloni LITTLE ROCK (da LANDARIS) and UKATO (da STAKKATO).
Il terzo classificato è lo stallone JORDAN (ZAPATERO VDL x MERMUS R). Il padre ZAPATERO VDL (CHIN CHIN x IRCOLANDO) saltatore internazionale con Robert Vos (ISJ 1,50m). Tra i suoi migliori figli saltatori in cat 1,50m DATERO, DYANGO VDL e ZAPZERAP. Dalla linea materna di JORDAN discendono i saltatori in cat 1,60m GRAVUTELL, JOLINDE, BAILEYS, PLESANT, PARATUS, BLAZER B e OCANA.
Quarto classificato JUKEBOX (PADDOCK DU PLESSIS HN X VAINQUEUR). Il padre è lo stallone SF PADDOCK DU PLESSIS HN (KANNAN X ADELFOS) saltatore internazionale con Timothee Anciaume (ISJ 1,60m). La seconda madre ha prodotto THOR (ISJ 1,50m) ZANDOR 3 (ISJ 1,45m) e lo stallone KWPN FREEDOM.
Al quinto posto JOYRIDE (VERDI x HEARTBREAKER). Nasce dal performer internazionale VDL GROEP VERDI che si sta rivelando anche un ottimo stallone oltre che un grande campione sui campi di gara. Lo dimostrano alcuni suoi figli come NEW YORK, BONJOVI, COMIC e CALANTA.
PER LA LISTA COMPLETA DEGLI STALLONI AMMESSI AL PERFORMANCE TEST CLICCA QUIصربستان، (به صربی: Србија) با نام رسمی جمهوری صربستان، (به صربی: Република Србија) یک کشور محاط در خشکی در مرکز جنوب خاوری اروپا است که بخش جنوبی جلگهٔ پانونی و جنوب شبهجزیره بالکان را دربرگرفتهاست. این کشور با مجارستان در شمال، رومانی و بلغارستان در شرق، جمهوری مقدونیه و مونتهنگرو و کوزوو در جنوب، کرواسی و بوسنی و هرزگوین در غرب هممرز است. بلگراد پایتخت این کشور است. برای قرنها، در مرزهای فرهنگی میان شرق و غرب، یک پادشاهی قدرتمند صرب در قرون وسطی –بعدها با نام امپراتوری- بیشتر بالکان را در تصرف داشت. حکومت نوین صربستان در سال ۱۸۱۷ در پی قیام دوم صربها بهوجود آمد. مرزهای امروزی کشور، پس از جنگ جهانی دوم شکل گرفت. در آن زمان صربستان یک واحد فدرال درون جمهوری فدرال سوسیالیستی یوگسلاوی شد. صربستان در سال ۲۰۰۶ پس از آنکه مونتهنگرو از اتحاد صربستان و مونتهنگرو جدا شد، دوباره پس از فروپاشی یوگسلاوی در سال ۱۹۹۰ به وضعیت حکومت منفرد درآمد. در سال ۲۰۰۸، استان خودمختار کوزوو، به صورت یکطرفه از صربستان اعلان استقلال کرد. حکومت صربستان استقلال کوزوو را غیرقانونی دانسته و آن را به رسمیت نمیشناسد. کشورهای دنیا نیز واکنشهای متفاوتی نسبت به این رویداد داشتهاند.
صربستان در اروپا، در شبهجزیره بالکان و در جلگه پانونین قرار دارد. جایی که پیوندگر میان مرکز، جنوب و خاور اروپاست. رودخانه دانوب (۲۸۵۰ کیلومتر) در یکسوم شمال کشور جاری است. طول ۵۸۸ کیلومتری این رودخانه در کشور، مرز با کرواسی و بخشی از مرز با رومانی را تشکیل دادهاست. از دیگر رودخانههای صربستان میتوان «ساوا»، «تیمیش»، «درینا» و «بگج» را نام برد. بیش ار یک چهارم سرزمین صربستان (۲۷٪) پوشیده از جنگل است. شرایط طبیعی و بهویژه ناهمواریها و شرایط توپوگرافیک صربستان بهگونهای است که برخلاف دیگر جمهوریهای پیشین یوگسلاوی که غلبهٔ مناطق کوهستانی در آنها چشمگیر است، بهرهمند از دشتهای واسطهای کوچک و بزرگ است که به همراه اقلیمی نسبتاً مساعد و متنوع و وجود منابع آب تقریباً کافی به بزرگترین مرکز تولیدات فراوردههای کشاورزی یوگسلاوی تبدیل شدهبود. عبور رودخانه دانوب و شاخههای آن نیاز آب کشاورزی ۹۴٪ از زمینهای زیر کشت صربستان و وویوودینا را بر طرف میکند.
صربستان به همراه مقدونیه، مونتهنگرو و بوسنی و هرزگوین از سال ۱۳۸۹ میلادی زیر سلطهٔ امپراتوری عثمانی رفت و پس از ۴ سده در سال ۱۹۱۲ به دنبال جنگ کوزوو به آزادی دست یافت و بعد از آن بهعنوان یکی از جمهوریهای سهگانه، همراه با کرواسی و اسلوونی، پادشاهی یوگسلاوی را تشکیل داد که این حکومت نیز تا سال ۱۹۴۵ و به قدرت رسیدن تیتو ادامه داشت. مهاجرت صربها به سوی مناطق غربیتر به دنبال ورود ترکهای عثمانی صورت گرفت و اصولاً اولین هستههای تداخل و تلفیق در جهت یوگسلاوی کنونی از همین زمان آغاز شد.
ارتش آزادیبخش کوزوو در سال ۱۹۹۱ تأسیس شد و از سال ۹۵ عملیاتهای نظامی خود را علیه پلیس صربستان آغاز کرد. افزایش قدرت شورشیان جداییخواه کوزوویی و گسترش حملات آنها موجب شد تا اسلوبودان میلوسویچ رئیسجمهور یوگسلاوی در اوایل سال ۱۹۹۸ نیروهای مسلح صرب را به منطقه وارد کند تا مناطق تحت تصرف چریکهای آلبانیاییتبار را از آنها بازپس بگیرند. پس از اینکه درخواستهای جامعه بینالمللی برای پایان درگیریها مورد قبول دولت یوگسلاوی واقع نشد، ناتو تصمیم به مداخله مستقیم نظامی در حمایت از آلبانیاییتبارها گرفت. این نخستین جنگ ناتو در طول تاریخ حیات این سازمان نظامی بود. ناتو عملیات خود را یک «جنگ انساندوستانه» توصیف میکرد اما انتقادهایی هم از آن صورت گرفت، چراکه هیچیک از اعضای ناتو مورد حمله قرار نگرفته بودند و مجوزی از شورای امنیت سازمان ملل برای این مداخله اخذ نشد.
صربستان به ۲۹ ناحیه علاوه بر شهر بلگراد بخش شدهاست. ناحیهها و شهر بلگراد نیز به چندین شهر تقسیم شدهاند. صربستان دو استان خودمختار دارد: کوزوو و متوهیا در جنوب (۵ ناحیه و ۳۰ شهر)، و وُیوودینا در شمال (۷
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00 esemplari delle sue auto. Nel solo 2008 le immatricolazioni di Volkswagen AG hanno raggiunto quota 62.000 unità. Dalll'inizio del 2009, Hyundai non è riuscita a piazzare 800 unità. Da qui la decisione di ritirarsi dalla competizione su questo mercato almeno per quanto riguarda la vendita di automobili: il marchio, infatti, continuerà ancora a proporre veicoli commerciali.
Pesano, in questa decisione, numerosi fattori. Lo scarso appeal delle coreane si basa, come riportato dal Koreatimes, innanzitutto sulla percezione nei confronti del tipico cliente giapponese, che ha sempre considerato Hyundai un prodotto di fascia bassa. Più dei 2/3 delle vendite di auto in Giappone riguardano auto di classe media, ma, in questi anni, pur concentrandosi proprio a questa categoria, i coreani non sono stati in grado di proporsi con vetture qualitativamente appetibili.
Secondo le parole di un portavoce della Casa, l'azienda ha deciso di concentrare la sua attenzione verso mercati con una maggiore possibilità di crescita, come la Cina e gli Stati Uniti d'America. Non va dimenticato, inoltre, che Toyota ha negli ultimi tempi rafforzato la sua presenza sul mercato koreano (dove anche Honda è presente in forze): l'antagonista giapponese vende bene nel segmento alto di gamma grazie a Lexus ma negli ultimi mesi ha incrementato le vendite nel settore delle vetture "mid-price" (recentemente sono stati introdotti quattro nuovi modelli e tra questi la Camry e la Prius stanno ottenendo ottimi risultati) incalzando i marchi domestici.
Hyundai cresce nel mondo
A dispetto di questa decisione, la casa coreana sta ottenendo risultati lusinghieri a livello globale: +7,2% nelle vendite "mondo" nel mese di ottobre 2009 e un +4% sul mercato americano. L'Hyundai-Kia Automotive Group è il primo costruttore asiatico dopo Toyota e ha recentemente raggiunto Ford al quarto posto nel computo della classifica mondiale. Dal quarto trimestre del 2008 al terzo trimestre del 2009 il gruppo ha venduto, in tutto il mondo, 4,5 milioni di veicoli contro i 5,46 di Toyota. Svetta il Gruppo Volkswagen (5,68 milioni), seguito da General Motors (5,51 milioni).Acute Flaccid Myelitis in U.S. Children
CDC has received an increased number of reports of children with acute flaccid myelitis (AFM), a rare but serious condition. CDC is working hard to find the causes of these AFM cases. Learn more about AFM and symptoms that require immediate medical care.
Parents may be hearing about children in the United States who suddenly became weak in their arms or legs from a condition called acute flaccid myelitis, or AFM. This type of condition is not new. Anyone can get AFM or neurologic conditions like it, and there are different possible causes, such as viruses, toxins, and genetic disorders. AFM affects the nervous system, specifically the spinal cord, which can cause the muscles and reflexes in the body not to work normally.
In August 2014, CDC started receiving an increase of reports of people, mostly children, with AFM. Since then, we've been working hard to better understand this condition, what puts people at risk of getting it, and the possible causes. AFM remains rare (less than one in a million people), even with the recent increase in cases. However, AFM is serious, and we don't yet know what causes people to get this condition, or how to protect people from getting it. As we continue to learn about AFM, we urge parents to seek medical care right away if their child develops symptoms of AFM.
Symptoms of AFM
AFM is rare, but it can lead to serious neurologic problems. You should seek medical care right away if you or your child develops any of these symptoms:
- weakness and loss of muscle tone and reflexes in the arms or legs
- facial droop or weakness
- difficulty moving the eyes
- drooping eyelids
- difficulty swallowing
- slurred speech
Infections That Can Cause Conditions like AFM
Certain viruses, such as poliovirus and West Nile virus, may sometimes lead to conditions like AFM. You can protect yourself and your children from these viruses by:
- Making sure you are all up to date on polio vaccinations.
- Protecting against bites from mosquitoes, which can carry West Nile virus, by using mosquito repellent, staying indoors at dusk and dawn (when bites are more common), and removing standing or stagnant water near your home (where mosquitoes can breed).
What CDC Is Doing About AFM
CDC has been investigating AFM since we started receiving an increase in reports of people with this condition in August 2014. This year, as of November 2016, CDC has confirmed that 120 people in 37 states have AFM.
We have done extensive lab testing on specimens from patients, but have not determined what caused these people to get AFM. However, their symptoms are similar to complications of infection with certain viruses, such as poliovirus and West Nile virus.
We are continuing to learn as much as we can about AFM by looking at each case to figure out what puts people at risk of getting this condition and what is causing it. Also, we are urging doctors to be alert for patients with symptoms of AFM and to report suspected cases to their health departments.
If you would like to learn more about what CDC is doing, please visit CDC's AFM in the United States website. If you would like to learn more about AFM, please visit CDC's acute flaccid myelitis website.Acute Flaccid Myelitis in U.S. Children | Features | CDCCodifying Social Justice in Sustainable Development
The Sustainable Development Code (SDC), which offers model ordinances for municipalities wishing to update development codes to be more sustainable, has added a subchapter on social justice. The subchapter, which is still being built out, was added to existing subchapters addressing social issues like affordability, food security, housing diversity, and environmental justice.
The social justice subchapter identifies good, better, and best actions that jurisdictions can take to address injustice in their communities by removing code barriers, creating incentives, and filling regulatory gaps. Recommended social justice actions include:
- Removing code barriers to adding accessory dwelling units in areas zoned for single-family homes
- Allowing tiny homes
- Restricting development of small-box discount stores
- Incentivizing development of grocery stores in food deserts
- Encouraging infill development
- Limiting the size of single-family homes
- Creating safe pedestrian and cycling routes to school, work, and nature
- Requiring variable unit sizes in multifamily buildings
- Limiting drive-throughs
- Permitting farmers’ markets in a variety of zoning districts
Each recommendation includes a description of impacts, case studies, links to existing ordinances, and resources for further research.
More on equitable development
No More Red Lines: Undoing Our Legacy of Urban Segregation
Equity in Design and Construction: Seven Case Studies
EcoDistricts Merges with Equity Group to Promote “Just Growth”
For more information:
Sustainable Development Code
Published September 6, 2022 Permalink Citation
Melton, P. (2022, August 23). Codifying Social Justice in Sustainable Development. Retrieved from https://www.buildinggreen.com/newsbrief/codifying-social-justice-sustainable-development
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To post a comment, you need to register for a BuildingGreen Basic membership (free) or login to your existing profile.Per quanto spiacevole possa essere la situazione, potresti giungere alla conclusione che non sei più interessato a nutrire una connessione romantica con il tuo partner. A causa della situazione potenzialmente stressante in cui potresti trovarti durante questo periodo, sarebbe meglio che tu ti preparassi per i vari possibili risultati. Con questo in mente, abbiamo colto l’occasione per fornire questo articolo per aiutarti a imparare come rompere con una donna Toro.
È certo che trarrai vantaggio da questa opportunità per esaminare la nostra intera collezione su come rompere con ogni segno zodiacale. Certo, ti serviresti bene fornendoti tutte le informazioni disponibili su come avere una relazione sana con una donna Toro.
- Come rompere con una donna Toro
- Sollevare l’argomento con una donna Toro
- Cosa aspettarsi da una donna Toro durante la rottura
- Come una donna Toro gestisce una rottura
- Rimozione di una donna Toro dalla tua vita dopo una rottura
- Mantieni un’amicizia con una donna Toro dopo una rottura
- Dare una seconda possibilità a una donna Toro
Come rompere con una donna Toro
Poiché potrebbe essere difficile garantire che voi due mantenete una conversazione rispettosa, dovreste prendere in considerazione l’idea di applicare gli strumenti disponibili alla vostra situazione. Quando rompi con una donna Toro, è fondamentale che tu sia paziente e reattivo, poiché potrebbe volerci del tempo per rendersi conto che prendi sul serio la tua decisione. Potrebbe fare uno sforzo per farti cambiare posizione, anche se potresti scoprire che i suoi comportamenti indicheranno chiaramente che anche lei è pronta ad andare avanti.
Naturalmente, è importante che tu tenga presente che il suo stato d’animo emotivo può cambiare in qualsiasi momento, poiché la tua decisione di porre fine a questa relazione la farà sicuramente sentire frustrata o irritata. È probabile che lo prenda come un insulto personale, il che potrebbe indurla a trattarti in un modo inteso a insultarti o offenderti. Se scopri di avere a che fare con questa reazione, allora sarebbe opportuno che tu abbandonassi semplicemente la situazione. Continua a leggere, poiché questo ti aiuterà a capire meglio come rompere con una donna Toro.
Sollevare l’argomento con una donna Toro
È importante parlare con una donna Toro in un ambiente che la faccia sentire emotivamente sicura, poiché ciò aumenterà le possibilità che accetti le tue affermazioni in modo positivo. Quando le parli dei motivi per cui hai scelto di porre fine alla tua collaborazione, potrebbe essere meglio che tu proceda con cautela. Sii onesto, ma con tatto, in quanto ciò ridurrà la probabilità che ti rispetti di meno. Anche se questo non ha importanza quando si tratta di rompere con una donna Toro, potrebbe avere un impatto sulle tue interazioni in futuro.
Certo, dovresti essere consapevole delle insicurezze che potrebbero ribollire sotto la superficie, anche se non sei interessato a mantenere alcun tipo di relazione sociale con lei. Una volta che le hai fatto sapere come ti senti, dovresti assicurarti che sia consapevole di avere spazio per ritirarsi da te, sia fisicamente che emotivamente. Ciò consentirà a voi due di separarvi in un modo che non crea ulteriore stress nella situazione. Scoprirai che questo avrà un ulteriore vantaggio nel farla ritirare da te, piuttosto che tentare di respingerti.
Cosa aspettarsi da una donna Toro durante la rottura
Qualunque sia il problema che ti ha fatto sentire in questo modo, puoi essere certo che quelle interazioni avranno un impatto sul modo in cui ti tratta. Per impedirle di comportarsi in un modo che aumenta lo stress della situazione, dovresti assicurarti di essere calmo e raccolto. È possibile che una donna Toro tenti di farti cambiare idea dopo che le hai parlato dei tuoi sentimenti. Per questo motivo, dovresti fare uno sforzo per rimanere determinato nella tua decisione.
Man mano che capisci meglio come rompere con una donna Toro, è fondamentale cogliere l’opportunità per l’introspezione. Questo ti permetterà di fare un piano d’azione, che ti aiuterà a preparare controargomentazioni per le sue reazioni. Naturalmente, poiché chiarisci che sei sicuro della tua posizione, è probabile che i suoi sentimenti inizino a precipitare. Come ci si può aspettare, questo potrebbe far correre il rischio a voi due di entrare in una discussione seria. Se dovessi scoprire che ciò potrebbe accadere, potrebbe essere meglio per te terminare la conversazione e allontanarti semplicemente dalla situazione.
Come una donna Toro gestisce una rottura
Mentre voi due affrontate la fine della vostra relazione romantica, il modo in cui interagite tra di voi in questo momento avrà sicuramente un impatto sulle vostre interazioni future. Se scopri che le emozioni iniziano a salire, allora è possibile che tu voglia rimuoverla dalla tua vita il più rapidamente possibile. Certo, potresti scoprire che sei interessato a coltivare un’amicizia platonica con lei. In ogni caso, dovresti sforzarti di cercare un senso di chiusura reciproca, poiché ciò porterà al miglior risultato possibile quando si tratta di rompere con una donna Toro.
Rimozione di una donna Toro dalla tua vita dopo una rottura
È ragionevole presumere che ti renderai conto che sarebbe più adatto per voi due allontanarvi l’uno dall’altro. Sebbene ciò possa essere difficile se hai amici che si sovrappongono o lavori insieme in un ambiente professionale, è certo che questa risoluzione ti porterà vantaggi se puoi facilmente separarti. Se voi due siete costretti a interagire in un contesto sociale, è fondamentale che vi sforziate di essere consapevoli di questo fatto durante la rottura.
Se prendi la sfortunata decisione di farla sentire addolorata, potresti scoprire che una donna Toro farà uno sforzo per tornare da te. Questo può apparire come un sabotaggio sociale o emotivo, che può avere un impatto negativo in un ambiente di lavoro. Qualunque sia la situazione in cui ti trovi, sarebbe meglio per te avere una conversazione onesta e diretta con lei su ciò che ritieni appropriato. Se questo non risolve il problema, potrebbe essere necessario adottare misure più serie per quanto riguarda la tua vita professionale.
Mantieni un’amicizia con una donna Toro dopo una rottura
Certo, potresti essere abbastanza fortunato da scoprire che la donna Toro nella tua vita è interessata a raggiungere un compromesso sano e maturo. Parla con lei dei tuoi pensieri riguardo al futuro della tua relazione sociale. Potresti scoprire che voi due sarete in grado di mantenere un legame emotivo che non interferisce con le altre vostre relazioni sociali e romantiche. Tuttavia, se scopri che stai lottando per mantenere soddisfatti i tuoi potenziali partner, è possibile che tu debba apportare un cambiamento importante per quanto riguarda la tua connessione con il tuo ex.
In ogni caso, è sempre meglio che tu sia trasparente riguardo ai tuoi sentimenti. Una volta che voi due avrete interrotto la vostra connessione romantica, avrete molta più libertà di prendere decisioni in base a ciò che desiderate per il futuro senza di lei. Col passare del tempo, le ferite guariranno e diminuirai la probabilità che lei risponda negativamente alla tua decisione di asportarti da lei. Detto questo, sarebbe meglio che tu rispettassi semplicemente la connessione che condividi tra loro per quello che è.
Dare una seconda possibilità a una donna Toro
Durante il periodo in cui stai rompendo con lei, potresti decidere di essere interessato a dare a questa collaborazione un’altra opportunità. È possibile che arrivi a questa realizzazione molto tempo dopo che vi siete separati. Considerando questo, dovresti fare uno sforzo per imparare a riconquistarla. Naturalmente, voi due potreste aver bisogno di salvare la vostra relazione, poiché potrebbe essere necessario ricostruire la fiducia persa tra di voi. Qualunque cosa tu faccia, sarebbe meglio per te parlare con lei dei tuoi pensieri e sentimenti. Assicurati di darle anche la possibilità di condividere se stessa con te.
A causa delle naturali insicurezze di una donna Toro, è probabile che concedere tempo a questa relazione aumenterà le tue possibilità di successo. Nutri questa connessione lentamente, poiché questo la aiuterà a determinare ciò che vuole per il futuro. A volte, può essere ritirata o incerta. Questo è solo il modo in cui si difende da potenziali danni. Col tempo, se le mostri che sei disposto a rispettare i suoi bisogni, scoprirai che si aprirà di nuovo con te.何谓成功的方案，不外乎「以最少资源产生最大效益」。问题是，在公共服务领域，「效益」应该怎样量度？为解答这个问题，专责小组秘书处举办了一场社会效益评估研讨会，邀请英国知名顾问公司SImetrica的创办人Mr Daniel Fujiwara主讲。Mr Fujiwara有十年以上为政府和国际机构服务的经验，SImetrica在政策评估和社会效益评估范畴亦享负盛名。Mr Fujiwara讲解了社会效益评估的基本概念，以及介绍了不同评估工具、方法和应用，并分享了英国政府和公共机构的例子。研讨会吸引了接近120名不同政策局和部门同事参加。
|IX. BÖLÜM
YARAT1LIŞÇI SAVLAR VE TAKTİKLER
İnatla yürütülen çarpıtmanın gücü yadsınamaz;
ama bilim tarihi bu gücün hiçbir alanda uzun sürmediğini göstermektedir.
Charles Darwin
Gerçekten kaçan kimseye kanıt göstermenin yararı yoktur.
G. C. Simpson
Yaratılış Tezinin "Bilimsel" Kanıtları
Dinsel bağnazlığı yansıtan yaratılışçı akım "bilimsellik" görünümü altında bilime karşı bir harekettir. Başlıca savları incelendiğinde, hedefin belli bir olayı ya da olgular kümesini açıklamaktan çok, evrim düşüncesini yıpratmak, yıkmak olduğu görülür. Yaratılışçıların özellikle son otuz yıldır kullandıkları taktik, evrim kuramına ilişkin eleştirileri yaratılışçı görüşü doğrulayan kanıtlar olarak göstermektir." Böyle bir manevraya başvurmaları aslında kendi savlarını bilimsel anlamda kanıtlayamadıkları demektir. (1001Kitap)
Yaratılışçılığın özünde yer alan şu iki temel savı alalım, örneğin:
|| (1) Yaşam uzun bir sürecin değil, anlık bir yaratma eyleminin ürünüdür;
(2) Tüm hayvan ve bitki çeşitleri, kendi içlerinde kalan kimi kalıtsal varyasyonlar dışında, yaratılıştaki kimliklerini korumaktadır.
Yaratılışçıların önde gelen adlarından Duane Gish, "Yaratılışın Bilimsel Kanıtları" adlı çılaşmasında bu savların yeterince kanıtlandığını ileri sürmektedir. Gerçekten öyle midir? Gish'in ilk sav için verdiği kanıtları kendi kaleminden okuyalım:
|| Fosiller, yaşamın birdenbire ve bildiğimiz biçimleriyle ortaya çıktığını, canlı türler arasında evrimsel geçişlere olanak vermeyen kesintiler olduğunu
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Crossroads of the Revolution.”
Contemporary New Jersey
Today, New Jersey is one of the most bustling states in the country. While it is the fourth smallest state in the country, it is the single most densely populated. From the time of its founding, New Jersey has always had a very diverse population, and that holds true still today with just a little over two-thirds of its population identifying as white in 2010. However over half of New Jersey’s population under the age of one year old is identified as a non-white minority. While New Jersey is very densely populated, this population is largely spread between smaller cities as opposed to being concentrated in singular large cities. Because of this, New Jersey’s most populous city, Newark, has just over 277,000 residents, while the county of Bergen has almost a million despite having no major cities. However, if you are looking for big city life, don’t fear, the New Jersey Turnpike is designed to allow New Jersey residents easy access to the metropolitan hubs of New York City and Philadelphia. And if you do choose to not travel while you live in New Jersey, you are still in luck: it has the second highest per capita income of any state in the country.
Does New Jersey sound like the perfect home for you and your family? If it does, trust in D&D Storage and Moving help you get where you need to go. We are located in Covington, Kentucky, but we proudly serve Northern Kentucky and Cincinnati.ترخیص بیمار ۱۰۶ ساله قمی مبتلا به کرونا
ايرنا نوشت : روابط عمومی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی قم روز گذشته اعلام کرد: بیمار ۱۰۶ ساله قمی که مبتلا به ویروس کرونا شده بود، از بخش داخلی بیمارستان فرقانی این استان ترخیص شد. براساس این گزارش، این بیمار پس از ۱۴ روز با بهبودی مرخص شد. همچنین یک بیمار قمی نیز در ۸۹ سالگی با تلاش مدافعان سلامت توانست ویروس کرونا را شکست داده و سلامتی خود را به دست آورد.Uzmanlar turşu, yoğurt ve bitter çikolatayı diğer insanlardan daha fazla tüketenlerin sosyal anksiyete (kaygı,endişe) belirtilerini daha az yaşadığını belirtti. Maryland Üniversiesi'nden uzmanlar, içinde faydalı bakteriler bulunan probiyotik besinlerin bağırsak florasını değiştirdiğini ve bu floranın da sosyal anksiyeteyi azalttığını söylüyor.
FERMENTE ÜRÜN TÜKETENLER İNCELENDİ
Psychiatry Research isimli bilimsel dergide yayınlanan araştırmada katılımcılara bir dizi soru soruldu ve son 30 günde tükettikleri besinler belirlendi. Yoğurt, soya sütü, turşu, lahana turşusu ve bitter çikolata gibi besinler dikkate alındı. Ayrıca insanların egzersiz yapma alışkanlıkları da incelendi. Bu besinleri tüketenler hayvanlar üzerinde yapılan ölçümlerde ise GABA denilen bir nörotransmitterların daha yüksek olduğu belirlendi. GABA, anti anksiyete ilaçlarında bulunan benzodiazepine ve diazepam etken maddesi ile benzer bir etki yapan sinir taşıyıcı. Bağırsaklar bilim dünyası tarafından ikinci beyin olarak da adlandırılıyor.
SOSYAL ANKSİYETE NEDİR?
Sosyal fobi olarak da bilinen sosyal anksiyete toplum içine çıkarken yaşanan gerginlik, sosyal ortamlarda bulunmaktan korkmak anlamına geliyor ve en sık görülen anksiyete (endişe, kaygı) bozuklukları arasında. Sosyal anksiyetesi olan insanlar her gün toplantı, grup önü konuşması ya da telefon konuşması gibi basit sosyal iletişim kurma sırasında gerilim ve zorluk yaşar.Palco e Retropalco propone un modo particolare per celebrare la festa della donna grazie al famoso spettacolo teatrale scritto ed interpretato da Eve Ensler. L'autrice, che ha dato vita al V Day (il movimento mondiale per fermare la violenza contro le donne e le bambine) ci presenta la versione originale della celebre raccolta di monologhi.Raccolta di iniziative, cui aderire prevalentemente on-line, a difesa e tutela dei diritti umani, animali, dell'ambiente, talvolta con carattere politico ed infine con un occhio ai consumatori.
martedì 16 novembre 2010
Hilton hotel: dite no alla tratta del sesso
La catena di hotel Hilton non intende aderire al codice di condotta che protegge i bambini dallo sfruttamento sessuale. Avaaz.org raccoglie firme per far pressione sul suo Presidente affinché vi aderisca con interventi ad hoc.Porter scene in macbeth essays
The porter scene in ‘macbeth’ follows the treacherous murder of king duncan and is striking, as it is where shakespeare clearly weaves comedy in amongst the tragedy of the rest of the play macbeth act 2 scene 2 essay of act 2 scene 2 in this scene macbeth has totally become a tyrant king who is filled with anger,. Of lady macbeth's influence over her husband in the murders of duncan and banquo: the scene in which banquo's murder is envisaged is a kind of love-passage between the macbeths of which the natural consummation is the murder. The satirical porter scene is said to be the comic relief in the grim tragedy of the play, macbeth, by william shakespeare in the following essay the importance of the scene to the rest of the play will be discussed, and the actions and speech of the porter will be analyzed. A porter moves through the hallway, going to answer the knocking he grumbles about the noise, mocks the person doing the knocking and, after comparing himself to a porter at the gates of hell, asks ‘who’s there, i’ th’ name of beelzebub’ macduff and lennox are revealed as the knockers continue reading .
In the porter scene of shakespeare's macbeth, inverness, macbeth's castle, is depicted as hellthis depiction is an echo of what's just occurred in the castle (duncan's assassination), as well as. Free essays on porter scene search tny5ry5n can help to emphasize ideas in certain ways in act two, scene three of macbeth, the porter refers to a conspirator who was involved in the gunpowder plot named father garnet he refers to garnet’s words when he equivocated. The porter scene in macbeth is, on the face of it, rather out of place sandwiched as it is between the murder of duncan and the discovery of his body and what's a bawdy bit of comic relief doing in such a dark, tragic work anyway unsurprisingly, macbeth's porter scene has attracted a great deal of critical commentary over the years it's also the subject of much conjecture. Macbeth is a play written by william shakespeare, he was born in the 17th century, william shakespeare wrote over thirty-seven plays and possibly had a hand in others, he also wrote several poems.
The drunken porter scene serves all of the following functions except to in scene 1, macbeth is clearly lying to banquo when he says that he a wants banquo's support c never thinks about the witches essay evaluating and connecting (the tragedy of macbeth, act 2) 14 what does macbeth's dagger soliloquy reveal about his intentions. Macbeth essay act 1 scene 3 | top essay writing essay sample help - essay sample help macbeth essay act 1 scene 3 the porter who has the duty to guard the gate and welcome the visitors is in drunken state and imagines in the hell gate the castle of macbeth is alike tes. Literary devices in macbeth wordplay and double meaning: shakespeare was a master of wordplay, double entendres, punning, and dramatic irony macbeth is no exception the play is rife with literary devices and double-meaning as macbeth and his wife leave the courtyard, the scene doesn't change the porter, slowly wakened by the knocking.
Use this sample quiz on macbeth to deepen your understanding of the play and prepare for a test included here are eight essay questions with sample answers good luck bright hub education teaching tools what is the purpose of the porter scene. Free essay: macbeth study guide questions act i scenes 1 & 2 1 what is the meaning of “fair is foul, and foul is fair” what is the purpose of the porter scene what is the condition of the porter questions macbeth essay 3342 words | 14 pages macbeth questions 1) the season that is described in the opening passage of the. Home macbeth q & a comment on the porter scene macbeth comment on the porter scene the porter scene in act 2 scene 3 what is the importance of this scene how can we comment on it in an essay -just give me hints.
Porter scene in macbeth essays
Either way, the porter is a spellbinding character whose appearance in act 2 scene 3 has huge impact on the tension in shakespeare's 'macbeth' well worth a bit of mr taylor's gold-standard. The porter's scene, or the knocking at the gate scene is debated by scholars why do you think a scene of comic relief has been placed in this particular part of the play what was the purpose. The porter imagines hell's gate and unwittingly invokes two symbols first, macbeth's castle begins to resemble hell as he has committed a hideous crime second, the porter reminds the audience that bad deeds, such as murder and suicide, are met with punishment in hell. Macbeth study guide contains a biography of william shakespeare, literature essays, a complete e-text, quiz questions, major themes, characters, and a full summary and analysis.
Free summary and analysis of the quotes in act 2, scene 3 of macbeth that won't make you snore we promise. Nihilistic conclusion (act v, scene v) mean that shakespeare’s ‘macbeth’ offers a view of a meaningless world, full of horrors and suffering, without any positive moral values 12) discuss the importance of the porter scene (act ii, scene iii.
Yet i hope that an examination of the play's supposed moment of comic relief in prose -- the porter scene that opens macbeth act 2 scene 3 -- reveals, when read as poetry, an additional level of grotesque imagery. A porter stumbles through the hallway to answer the knocking, grumbling comically about the noise and mocking whoever is on the other side of the door. Scene iii the same knocking within enter a porter porter here's a knocking indeed if a man were porter of hell-gate, he should have old turning the key.SORU:
Merhaba. kuyu suyum var. Musluk suyundaki TDS değeri 700. 3 kademeli RO sistemine sahibim. 1 numara tortu filtresi, 2 numara TFC membran filtre, 3 numara ise karbon sonrası filtredir. Geçirgenlik(Permeate Pump) pompası da ekledim. RO’dan çıkan su 200 ppm’dir. Bu değer çok yüksek mi? ppm’yi daha da azaltmak için sisteme ekleyebileceğim başka bir şey var mı? Şimdiden teşekkürler.
CEVAP:
Permeate pompa RO sistemleri, dağıtım sistemindeki en küçük basınç değişikliğine tepki verdikleri için “TDS Düşümü” ile sorun yaşanır. Az miktarda su kullanıldığında, permeate pompa sistemi suyu işlemeye başlayacaktır. Kullanılan su miktarı az ise; bir bardak su gibi; sistem kullanılan suyu yenilemek için çok uzun çalışmaz. Bunun gibi kısa sistem çalışma süreleri TDS değerinin geç düşürmesine neden olur. Çünkü sistem membranı sıkıştıracak ve kaliteli su oluşturacak kadar uzun süre çalışmaz. Membranın sıkıştırılması ve en kaliteli suyu vermesi için tam basınca ihtiyacı vardır. Az miktarda su kullanıldığında tam basınç mevcut olmayacaktır. TDS’nin geç düşmesinin bir sorun olmayacağından emin olmak için tank içeriğini günlük olarak kullanmak en iyisidir. Sadece 1 lt’lik bir suyu doldurmak için kullanılan büyük bir su deposundan daha kötü bir şey yoktur. haftada 1-2 bardak. Birkaç hafta sonra tanktaki su kalitesi çok düşük olacaktır. Bir permeat pompası RO ile ilgili olarak, 1-3 gün içinde kullanılacağından emin olmak için RO tankını boyutlandırmak daha iyidir. Otomatik kapatma vanalı (ASO) standart bir sistem kullanılır, dağıtım sistemi basıncı gelen hat basıncının %65’inin altına düşene kadar su dağıtılabilir. Sistem daha sonra çalışmaya başlayacak ve depoyu ve dağıtım sistemi basıncını yenilemek için uzun bir süre çalışacaktır. Çalışma süresi daha uzun olduğu için TDS değerinin düşmemesi olası değildir. Bir permeate pompası RO, özellikle buz yapıcı ve/veya su pınarlı bir buzdolabınız varsa, artan basınç için harikadır. Benim durumumda, bu yüzden ona sahibim. Ancak, tankımı haftada bir boşaltıyorum ve her şey yolunda. Sizin durumunuzda, RO’yu birkaç kez boşaltın ve ardından TDS’yi test edin. 100 ppm’nin altında olmalıdır!The greater Houston/Galveston area is growing quickly, and as more development occurs, the higher the likelihood that suburban and even urban residents will encounter wildlife in some form or fashion. Most of the time, wildlife is an enjoyable addition to our lives. Many people enjoy the antics of squirrels in the trees or backyard birding. But sometimes, wildlife can be a little more intrusive. It is important to remember that wild animals are a part of the natural environment which we happen to share. The key is to learn how to peacefully coexist with each other.
Animals in your Attic (or elsewhere in the house)
Human structures are very convenient places for wild animals to shelter and nest. Some, such as raccoons, may even do some damage to buildings in order to gain access. The most important thing you can do to prevent this, and a necessary first step, is to animal-proof your home. Weak spot under eaves and soffits are vulnerable entry points to your attic, and the space under your porch, deck, or house are all ideal places for animals to live and nest as they are protected from the elements and from predators. Products such as HardiePlank can be used to reinforce weak spots on your house. Screens or metal sheeting over holes and dryer vent covers help keep small mammals and nesting birds out. Chimney caps will prevent squirrels and birds from nesting in your chimney.
If you already have animals in your home, any animal-proofing should be done after the animal has been removed. Professional companies such as 911 Wildlife can be hired to accomplish this in a humane way, or you can purchase a live trap. Some animal controls will even rent or loan out humane traps. During the spring and summer, many animals are nesting and will have young. Before removing an animal from you home and relocating it, check for babies! Once a parent is released elsewhere, any babies are now orphans. It is much better for the animals, both the mom and the babies, if they remain together. Raccoons, squirrels, and other animals will usually come back for their babies and move them to a new location. Call the staff at the Wildlife Center of Texas for instructions on how to accomplish this.
Animals in your Yard
Many times, wildlife can cause trouble just by coming into your yard. Dogs can be very disruptive to their owners and their neighbors when barking at nocturnal visitors in the dead of the night. It is important to remember that these animals live in your area and are a natural occurrence there. You may not have seen them or noticed them, especially if they are nocturnal, but even urban environments are full of wildlife. Most of the time, wild animals have a reason to come to your yard, and most commonly that reason is a food source. Garbage cans that are not secure are a great find for raccoons, opossums, and skunks. Another common offender is food for pets or feral cats that is left out overnight. It is like fast food for wild animals, and if several people in the neighborhood leave food out overnight, you can be sure that wildlife will be routinely making the rounds. Plants like palm trees, vegetables, and fruits will also attract animals.
The only way to prevent animals from eating these foods is to prevent access to them. Pet food can be left out during the day and taken inside in the evening. Garbage cans can be secured with bungee cords, and vegetable gardens can be protected with fencing. Once the food source has been removed, wild animals will have no reason to keep coming to your house. If you still experience problems, check to see if neighbors are leaving food out. Many times, wild animals will pass through your yard only because it is on the way to some other food attraction.
Remember that wild animals are natural residents in your area. They live there and belong there. Peaceful coexistence is the best option for everyone involved. If you think that trapping may be your only option, see the Trapping section below first. There are some complications involved with trapping that may make your problem worse rather than better.
Trapping is the first thing many people think of when they encounter a problem animal. However, this may not be the solution it seems to be. Trapping is tricky for several reasons.
First, it does not solve the problem of why an animal is there in the first place. If the reason that wild animal is there is not first resolved, any animal you remove will merely be replaced by more. See the advice above for ways to get to the root of the problem.
Second, most animals you may be interested in relocating are territorial. Believe it or not, your house is located in the territories of various animals. When an animal is removed from its territory, it is like putting up a for sale sign in that territory. Multiple animals will try to take control of a vacant territory, resulting in more animals coming around than before. There may even be fighting as an animal tries to become dominant in the territory. In the end, removing a single animal from a territory only invites more animals in. A better option is to keep that animal where it is, thereby maintaining the balance in the area.
And third, relocating an animal to another area will often result in the death of that animal. Territorial animals will defend their territories, and may kill any newcomers. Relocated animals are also often killed by vehicles as they try to make their way across busy roads to their previous home.
Please consider all of these factors before you decide to trap. The staff at The Wildlife Center of Texas is also available over the phone to give additional advice. If you decide that trapping is your only choice, make sure to use a reputable, humane professional service, such as 911 Wildlife. Many critter control companies destroy the animals they trap, rather than relocate them. Please call us at 713-861-WILD (713-861-9453) for more information.
Nuisance Bird
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"Ak" sözüyle karşılanabilmektedir. Meselâ, Türk halklarında "Gökbörü" olarak yaygın kullanımı olan ifade Hakaslarca "Akbörü" olarak karşılanmaktadır. Buradan hareketle Hakaslar'ın "Akçağan" dini olarak ifade ettikleri dini inançlarını diğer Türk halklarının "Göktanrı" dini tabiriyle aynı şey olduğu söylenebilir.
Hakas inanışlarına göre kainat üç bölümden oluşmaktadır. Üstte "Çağan Çiri" (Tanrı yeri) denilen dokuz katlı gök bulunmaktadır. En üst katta "Akçağan" veya Hakaslar'ın diğer ifadeleriyle "Huday Çağan" oturmaktadır. "Akçağan" bütün Çağan Çiri'nin tek hakimidir. Diğer katlarda ise iyiliği temsil eden ve her biri değişik görevler üstlenmiş Akçağan'ın yardımcıları bulunmaktadır. Bunlar toprak, bitkiler, hayvanlar ve diğer tabiat olaylarıyla meşgul olmaktadırlar. Bu yardımcıların en meşhurları Umay, verimlilik ve çocuk ruhlarıyla, Ayzık, namuslu kadın ve temiz erkeklerin yardımlarıyla, Çaltırah Çayıçı şimşek çaktırarak kötülüklerin yeryüzünden temizlenmesi ile meşguldürler. Şaman ise altıncı katta oturmakta ve yeryüzündeki Şamanlara yardımcı olmaktadır. Dağlarla ilgilenen dağ iyesi Hubay Han, nehir iyesi Sugday Han, rüzgar iyesi Çildey Han, soğuk iyesi Humduzak, ateş iyesi Od ines vb. Akçağan'ın diğer yardımcılarıdır.
İkinci bölüm yeraltı dünyasıdır. "Ayna Çiri" veya "Erikli Çiri" denen bu bölüm yedi kattır. Buranın da her katında kötülükle ilgili "varlıklar" bulunmaktadır. Bunların başı ise "Erlik Han veya diğer adıyla Cinges Han'dır". Erlikler sürüngen, ufak canavarlar ve hastalıkları oluşturmuştur. Erlik-Han'ın yardımcılarından en meşhurları ise Erlik'in Oğlu İtker-Molat ve Kızı Uçak Tolay'dır. Ayrıca kötü ruhların idarecisi Üzüt Han ve yedinci kattaki cehennemin idarecisi Tamı Handa en korkulan yeraltı güçleridir.
Hakas dini inanışlarında bazı isimlendirmeler dikkat çekicidir. Bunlardan Farsça "Huda" kelimesinin Huday olarak Akçağan dini inanışlarının arasına girmesi ve Moğol Kağanı Cengiz'in adının "Cinges" olarak yer almasıdır. Ortada ise "Künnig Çir" bulunmaktadır ki burada insanlar yaşamaktadır. "Künnig Çir" iyilikler ve kötülükler dünyasının savaş alanıdır. Şamanlar bu savaşta insanların yanında onların kötülüklerden, hastalıklardan korunmalarında yardımcı olurlar. Her şaman, şamanlık görevine başlamadan önce şamanların piri "Adam Atam"dan izin almak zorundadır. Adam Atam veya Adam Han dünyanın batısındadır. Adam Han'a giden yolda önce Kormes Han gelenlerin şamanlık kabiliyetlerini kontrol ederek Adam Atam'a geçmelerine müsaade eder. Şaman adayı henüz şaman olmamıştır. Ama şaman olacaklar "Çağan Çir"inde altıncı katta bulunan "yardımcı" tarafından seçilmektedir ve onlara "tös" verilmektedir.
Tös şamanlık kabiliyetidir ki, kuşaktan kuşağa aktarıldığına inanılır. İşte Komes Han, şaman adaylarındaki bu tös'ün bulunup bulunmadığını kontrol etmektedir. Bu izin alındıktan sonra ise aday önce "kam" olmak için çalışacaktır. Kamlık, bir anlamda şaman kalfalığıdır. Kam olabilmek için halkın geleneklerini ve duaları iyi bilmek zorundadır. Ayrıca kutsal dağlık bölgelere çekilerek yaşlı bir şamandan eğitim alması gerekir. Yaşlı şamanın çırağını eğitmesi genellikle üç ay sürmektedir. Genç artık yaşlı şamana "pastaan paba" diye hitap eder.
Şamanlar toplumda hekimlik ve dini merasimleri idare görevini üstlenirler. Kışın yapılan törenleri "karaşaman" yaz törenlerini ise "Akşaman" başlatır ve idare eder. Şamanların hekimlik görevleri ise en belirgin vasıflarıdır. Hatta Müslüman Kırgız Türkleri'nde şamanlık kurumu yalnızca hastaları tedavi etmek üzere yerini korumaktadır. Yine Lamaizm dinine girmiş Tuva Türkleri'nde de Şamanlar hasta tedavi etmeye devam etmektedirler. Bu arada Anadolu'da halk arasında bazı hastalıkları iyileştirdiğine inanılan ve "Ocak" tabir edilen insanların davranış ve inanışlarının aynı geleneğin değişmiş biçimi olduğunu söylemek mümkündür.
Hakas tarihi kısmında da değinildiği gibi Ruslar, Hakas halkını Hristiyanlaştırmak için yoğun baskılar yapmışlardır. Bu baskılar neticesinde son vaftiz 15 Temmuz 1876 yılında Askiz Köyü'nde yapılmıştır. Böylelikle Hakaslar'ın tamamı şeklen Hristiyan olmuşlardır. Erkeklerin çoğu Vladimir, kadınlar ise Mariya adını almışlardır. Ancak bu rağmen Hakaslar "Akçağan" inanışlarını ve geleneklerini "Haç"ın gölgesinde sürdüre gelmişlerdir.
KAYNAK :http://www.turktarih.net/t-985-hakaslari-di-i.html然后它装载了一个捕食者声音，动物报警电话和刺激性音调的库，以及它自己产生的噪音 – 我们认为是“任何或令人吃惊的”，高级研究员Ashley Tews说。 “帽子构成一种可怕的声音是一个持续的物种依赖研究领域。”然而，之前的研究表明，豹和虎咆哮可以使大象离开现场。 “我们的目标是在一种情报军备竞赛中使用该系统的自适应机制，”它说明了你的意思，但在今年早些时候在非洲加蓬进行的测试中，这个奇怪的装置工作。 “Lewnts通常会以他们进入的方式尽快转身逃跑”，Tews说道。其中一个包含人工智能稻草人的女性大象在一个比雄性更顽固的撤退中，在离开之前对稻草人进行了蔑视。 “有人试图用棍子打我们的传感器，”他说。这不仅仅是帮助人们 – 它还可以拯救大象。诺丁汉大学表示，由于人象冲突，每年有400人和100头大象在印度死亡，这通常是由作物袭击引发的。非洲的测试很成功，团队现在计划将其扩展到其他聪明的澳大利亚人农业害虫包括野猪，小袋鼠，澳洲野狗，凤头鹦鹉和。原则上，AI应该能够通过测试动物的反应来自行解决对每种特定害虫最有效的方法。具有大象惊吓的Thuppil认为这种方法可行，只要吓唬装置他说，重新放置在整个周边，以便大象永远无法确定那里没有威胁。他以前发现，即使是大型猫科动物，也不会长时间工作。 “在几次遭遇中，大象只是将声音视为一种固定的威胁，”图伊普尔说。 “嘿，只是走了一圈。”然而，从长远来看，Thuppil预测大象会对这个系统有所了解。尽管如此，他认为对CSIRO的其他害虫有很多希望。而且Tews认为这些传感器可以为生物多样性监测带来额外的好处，因为AI稻草人可以检测并记录通过特定区域的所有动物。这项工作得到了动物伦理委员会的批准。Understanding the Connection Between Dry Eye and Inflammation
Millions of Americans suffer from dry eyes. This condition occurs when a patient is unable to produce enough quality tears to maintain healthy eyes and clear vision. In some cases, inflammation of the eyelids or surfaces of the eyes can contribute to and exacerbate this disorder. Fortunately, Dr. Walter Choate has over 35 years of experience treating eye conditions, such as dry eye and inflammation. At Choate Eye Associates in Goodlettsville, TN, we work carefully to identify the root cause of patients' dry eyes, which allows us to provide the most successful treatment.
Inflammation and Your Ocular Health
When you blink your eyes, the corneas are lubricated with tears. When the delicate structures which produce and distribute tears are not working together harmoniously, dry eyes can develop. In addition to a lack of tears, dry eyes may also be triggered by poor-quality tears. Tears are made up of water, oil, and mucus. If any of these three components are out of balance, dry eyes may develop.
Inflammation of the eyelids or surfaces of the eyes can contribute to and exacerbate dry eyes. Severe cases can result in damage to the cornea, but the condition is treatable.
The causes and effects of dry eye syndrome can vary dramatically from patient to patient, but cases can be generally categorized as aqueous-deficient or evaporative. Although inflammation is not typically a primary cause of evaporative dry eye, it is a common secondary effect. In contrast, inflammation appears to play a role in the development of aqueous-deficient dry eye. Many patients with dry eyes also suffer from meibomian gland dysfunction, in which an inflammatory response can be triggered by an abnormal tear film.
Causes of Inflammation
Meibomian gland dysfunction is closely linked to a fairly common condition known as blepharitis. Blepharitis is characterized by inflammation of the eyelid margin. It can be caused by infection, parasites, and skin conditions such as rosacea and psoriasis, among other factors. Often, patients are genetically predisposed towards developing blepharitis.
If Dr. Choate finds that dysfunction of the meibomian glands is contributing to your dry eye, treatment will be designed to restore their full and proper function. Many patients find that scrubbing the eyelids with baby shampoo or a prescription solution each day provides sufficient relief. Others will require medicated anti-inflammatory drops or ointments, or in-office procedures, such as intense pulsed light (IPL) therapy.
Effects of Inflammation
Patients who develop dry eyes may experience a number of compounding symptoms, many of which are caused or worsened by inflammation. Some of the most common signs of the condition include:
- Itchy or scratchy sensations
- Pain or discomfort
- Gritty or irritated feeling
- Blurred vision
- Sensation that something is stuck in the eye
- Excessive watering
In severe cases of dry eye, especially those classified as inflammatory, the corneas may even become damaged. If left untreated, this can even lead to impaired vision.
Individually Tailored Treatment
As we begin to learn more about the role that inflammation plays in dry eye, treatment is becoming even more effective. If you are experiencing signs of dry eye, schedule a consultation at Choate Eye Associates. We can help to alleviate frustrating, uncomfortable symptoms so you can enjoy life to the fullest again. Give us a call at (615) 851-7575 or contact us online anytime.Monte Argentario, il promontorio in cui vivo ha alle spalle una storia molto agitata, fatta di conquiste, assedi e incursioni piratesche. Da queste storie sono nate diverse tradizioni e leggende che hanno reso questo posto ancor più magico e affascinante.
Una di queste leggende ha origine dall’assedio francese del 1646, e protagonisti sono Giacinta, la figlia di un generale spagnolo che viveva tra le mura della Fortezza, e Jacopo, un soldato ai comandi di costui, due giovani innamorati che avrebbero dovuto sposarsi.
La mattina del 9 maggio, al largo di Porto Santo Stefano comparvero più di 100 navi francesi, inviate dal cardinale Mazzarino per conquistare il presidio spagnolo. Vi fu una battaglia cruenta durante la quale Jacopo, rimasto ferito, andò a rifugiarsi in mezzo al bosco del poggio dell’Argentiera. La fortezza fu conquistata e Giacinta fatta prigioniera. Ma Jacopo non si diede per vinto e cercò in tutti i modi di liberare la sua amata, e il primo di giugno si recò sotto la fortezza, dove la vide affacciarsi ad una delle finestre. Jacopo fu però circondato dalle guardie e lei, certa di non avere via di fuga, presa dalla disperazione si gettò nel vuoto. Jacopo riuscì a raggiungere il suo corpo, ma fu raggiunto e ucciso dai soldati francesi e i loro corpi furono lasciati lì; scomparvero poi misteriosamente, al loro posto rimase solo una macchia di sangue.
L’attacco, noto come l’Assedio di Orbetello, durò più due mesi finché i francesi furono sconfitti.
La leggenda vuole che da allora ogni anno, alla mezzanotte del primo di Giugno, si possa scorgere una nebbia biancastra uscire dalla Fortezza e dirigersi verso il fosso del valle; qui compare l’immagine indistinta di una giovane donna che si unisce con quella di un uomo, anch’esso avvolto in una nube e disceso dal poggio dell’Argentiera. Le due anime si incontrano fino a formare un’unica nebbia che lentamente poi si dissolve, finalmente uniti ma condannati a rivivere tutto ciò ogni anno.
Una storia d’amore struggente che va oltre i limiti del tempo, ma ogni leggenda ha sempre un fondo di verità, e mi piace pensare che quelle anime tanto sfortunate durante lo loro breve vita terrena, siano in eternamente unite e in pace.A few years ago my husband and I went to visit the ‘Sagrada Familia’, in Barcelona. Designed by the Catalan architect Antoni Gaudi, and begun in 1882, it is as famous for being unfinished as its magnificent architecture.
Consecrated despite being unfinished, it is intended as a place for people to go and praise, pray, learn and reflect. Gaudi himself said, “La Sagrada Família is made by the people and is mirrored in them. It is a work in the hands of God and the will of the people.”
The Spanish word for ‘church’ is iglesia, derived from the Greek word ἐκκλησία (ekklesia). Like the English term ‘church’, iglesia is used to describe both a place of Christian worship and the community of people who meet there.
However, for the earliest Christians, ‘church’ was never about buildings. They met in each other’s homes (Col 4.15; Philemon 2) to break bread, pray and worship together. Each day they would go about their daily lives, telling others about what they were learning and experiencing as followers of Jesus (Acts 2.41-47). They were κυριακός (kuriakos) – meaning they belonged to God – the term from which ‘kirk’ (Scottish) and ‘church’ (English) are derived. And if the book of Acts (2.47) and Paul’s first letter to the Thessalonians (1.6-10) are accurate in their depiction of how their example impacted on their wider communities, as a way of life it was irresistible.
These ekklesiae (plural of ekklesia), as the churches were known, were not only irresistible in the way they demonstrated love, generosity and grace. They were radical too. The term ekklesia, literally translated, means ‘the called-out’. In Jesus’ time it was a term routinely used for an elected civic body in the Roman Empire. By adopting it for their own use, the earliest Jesus-followers were demonstrating that they were already operating as organised groups. More notably, they adopted an egalitarian structure which was, at that time, totally counter-cultural. There was no distinction between slaves and free citizens, women were as likely as men to lead the churches, and Jewish believers had parity with Gentiles (non-Jews). Most importantly and radically of all, they refused to acknowledge the Roman Emperor as a god – and that was what really marked them out and set them apart from others.
I dearly wish we had two words for ‘church’ – one for buildings and one for communities – but we don’t. The Sagrada Familia teaches us that there is nothing wrong with the awe-striking magnificence of an iglesia/church – after all, our ability to appreciate such beauty is a gift from God. But there is more to ‘church’ than draw-droppingly beautiful buildings. As Christians we are called to ‘be’ church – shaping our lives as Jesus taught and the early disciples demonstrated: to love God with a passion, and to live in community with an attitude of generosity and grace that others just won’t be able to resist.
To read about a theology of church based on love click here.瓦尔登湖的读书笔记
瓦尔登湖的读书笔记(精选3)
仔细阅读一本书后，我相信你心里会有很多感受。为什么不冷静下来，写一写读书笔记？呢？不要认为读书笔记可以应付自如。以下是边肖为你编辑的《瓦尔登湖的读书笔记》(3篇精选文章)。欢迎你学习和参考它。我希望这对你有帮助。
美国作家亨利。大卫。梭罗的作品。1845年春天，他在家乡康科德的瓦尔登湖边建了一座木屋，过着自给自足的生活。他在那里写了这部著名的作品。
正如封面上所说的：这是一本安静、宁静和聪明的书。它分析生活，批判习俗，说令人惊奇的语言，并闪耀每一个词，这是非常有趣的。我在国庆节买了它，看了一些，但是这个世界很混乱，我觉得不能看。上次我休息了三天，窗外一直在下雨，但这给了我一个大致了解读书的好机会。我知道，光读书是不够的，我以后一定会好好享受的。
阅读《瓦尔登湖》，我似乎在听班得瑞的音乐。跟随梭罗和神圣的话语，我来到瓦尔登湖聆听大自然的声音：
当其他鸟安静下来时，猫头鹰把它们捡起来。像一个悲恸的女人，自古以来“呜噜噜噜”的哀嚎颇有本琼生的诗风。午夜的智慧女巫！这并不像有些诗人唱的“推——微”和“推——胡”那样真实和呆板。不是开玩笑，这是在墓地里的一种哀叹，就像一对自杀的恋人在地狱的森林里互相安慰，当他们想起他们生命中爱的痛苦和快乐。然而，我喜欢听他们
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not as the work of a brilliant Baroque master. This is why Anne Boleyn is characterized as a gold digger instead of a woman who fought off sexual harassment for six years. This is why Harriet Tubman has not posthumously received a Medal of Honor for rescuing hundreds of slaves in the Combahee River Raid during the Civil War. On the other hand, it is only through a clear, accurate record of letters that we know Abigail Adams was just as much a Founding “Father” as her husband, John.
With the publishing of the altered White House photograph, the same historical mistake has happened again. The presence and involvement of two women in a historic moment has been erased from the documentation of that moment. It was that easy.
Was the newspaper intentionally trying to change history? Probably not. Did they? Yes. Whether a whitewash or an accident, two women were in that room for a reason and removing them from the historical record robs posterity of a full account of our history. We are all custodians of our collective history and it is essential that we strive to present and teach an accurate depiction of historical moments, despite our personal beliefs.05530261516
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Bu numara sıfır beş yüz elli üç - sıfır yirmi altı - on beş - on altı olarak okunur.
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05530261516 kime ait olduğunu Google 'da arayın.
05530261516 telefon numarası ile ilgili bildiklerinizi paylaşın.Bizde bu numara kime ait öğrenmenize yardımcı olalım.
Eğer bu sayfada uygunsuz bir içerik mevcut ise linke tıklayınız.La rivista “International Sociological Review” ha lanciato una call sul tema “What does the Covid-19 crisis reveal about interdisciplinarity in social sciences?”.
La call è aperta a documenti empirici, analitici e teorici sulle conseguenze economiche, politiche e sociali della pandemia di COVID-19.
I contributi devono affrontare come la pandemia sfida assunti e presupposti delle scienze sociali:
In che modo le scienze sociali esplorano, analizzano e interpretano uno scenario pandemico e le sue implicazioni politiche, economiche, culturali, ma anche individuali e collettive?
Le scienze sociali si stanno impegnando con una revisione dei modelli teorici e applicativi per l’analisi del cambiamento sociale?
In che modo questo cambiamento inaspettato, rapido e radicale, influisce sull’integrazione delle scienze sociali con le scienze formali, fisiche, della vita e applicate nell’analisi della pandemia?
Qual è o potrebbe essere il supporto fornito dalle scienze sociali al processo istituzionale del processo decisionale a livello globale / locale?
Gli articoli proposti vanno inviati a [email protected] (tra 20.000 a 45.000 caratteri). Devono essere scritti in inglese (ai non madrelingua viene chiesto di fare una correzione linguistica); devono contenere un abstract in inglese di massimo 250 parole; devono essere strutturati secondo un piano dettagliato e includere una bibliografia scientifica secondo il formato della rivista.
Per maggiori informazioni si vada al seguente link: https://irs-blog.com/call-for-papers/Amasya Genelgesi nedir ve önemi? Amasya Genelgesi Maddeleri nelerdir?
Tarihimizin dönüm noktalarından birini oluşturan Amasya Genelgesi'nin imzalanmasının üzerinden 102 yıl geçti. Milli Mücadele'nin yol haritasının belirleyici unsurlarından olan Amasya Genelgesi internet kullanıcı tarafından araştırılmaya başladı. Peki Amasya Genelgesi nedir ve önemi? Amasya Genelgesi Maddeleri nelerdir? İşte genelgeye dair merak edilenler...
Amasya Genelgesi'nin imzalanmasının üzerinden tam 102 yıl geçti. Milli Mücadele'nin rotasının belirlendiği en önemli günlerden olan 22 Haziran 1919'da Amasya Genelgesi için kritik görüşmeler gerçekleştirildi. Ulusun bağımsızlığı ve milli mücadele yolunda bir adım daha atıldı. Peki tarihimizin dönüm noktalarından birini oluşturan Amasya Genelgesi nedir ve önemi? Amasya Genelgesi Maddeleri nelerdir? İşte yanıtlar...
AMASYA GENELGESİ NEDİR VE ÖNEMİ? AMASYA GENELGESİ MADDELERİ NELERDİR?
Amasya Genelgesi, Amasya görüşmeleri sonrasında yayımlanan ve ulusal egemenliğe dayanan, tam bağımsız Türkiye Cumhuriyeti'nin temellerini oluşturan ilk kuruluş belgesidir. Mustafa Kemal kurtuluş mücadelesini başlatmak için çalışmalarına hız verdiği 1919 yılında bir takım çalışmalar için harekete geçti.
Ulu Önder, 12 Haziran 1919'da arkadaşlarıyla birlikte Amasya'ya geldi ve meslektaşları Ali Fuad Paşa, Refet Bey ve Rauf Bey ile bir bildiri hazırladı. Bildiriye Kazım Karabekir Paşa ve Mersinli Cemal Paşa da onaylarını gönderdi. İhtilal bildirisi niteliği taşıyan Amasya Genelgesi'nde, Sivas Kongresi'nin toplanacağı duyurulmuştur. Genelge'nin en önemli özelliği ise Türk milletini ancak halkın azmi ve kararlılığının kurtaracağının vurgulanmış olmasıdır.
AMASYA GENELGESİ MADDELERİ NELERDİR?
1. Ulusun birliği ve bağımsızlığı büyük risk altındadır.
2. İstanbul hükümeti aldığı sorumlulukla başa çıkamıyor, bu durum milletimizi gitmiş gibi gösteriyor.
3. Ulusun bağımsızlığı ancak kararlılığı ve inancı ile kurtarılabilir.
4. Ulusların amaçlarına ulaşmak ve halk haklarını savunmak için, kısıtlama ve denetimden uzak bir ulusal komiteye sahip olmalıyız.
5. Her halükarda en güvenli yer olan Sivas'ta kongre yapacağız.
6. Bu amaçla, Hak Savunma Cemiyeti (Müdafaa-i Hukuk) ve İlhak Reddetme (Redd-i İlhak) tarafından her ilden üç kişi temsilci olarak seçilecektir.
7. Her halükarda temsilciler yolda gerçek kimliklerini kullanmamalı ve bu genelge ulusal bir sır olarak saklanmalıdır.
8. Doğu yakasındaki iller için 10 Temmuz'da Erzurum'da bir kongre yapılacaktır. O tarihe kadar diğer temsilciler Sivas'a ulaşırsa doğu illerindekiler Sivas'a taşınacak.
Mustafa Kemal, Amasya'dan sonra 3 Temmuz 1919'da Erzurum'a gitti ve kurulacak bir Ermeni Devleti Projesi'ne karşı Doğu vilayetleri için bölge kongresi toplandı.
AMASYA KONGRESİ SONUÇLARI NELERDİR?
• Ancak Genelge, İstanbul (Osmanlı) Hükümeti'ni rahatsız etti ve 8 Temmuz 1919'da Mustafa Kemal Paşa geri çağrıldı.
• İstanbul hükümeti, Mustafa Kemal'in padişahın emrine karşı geldiği gerekçesiyle tutuklanması için emir çıkardı. Anadolu'da kalan Osmanlı kuvvetlerini dağıtmaktan, daha sonra onu ölüme mahkum etmekten dolayı tutuklanma emri Mustafa Kemal tarafından öğrenildi.
• Bunun üzerine Mustafa Kemal tüm görevlerinden ve ordudan istifa etti.
• Yine de Doğu Ordusu'nun kudretli komutanı Kazım Karabekir, Türk direnişinin diğer önde gelen isimleriyle birlikte desteğini sürdürdü ve Mustafa Kemal Erzurum Kongresi'ne doğru yoluna devam etti.If you love sports and healthcare then there is an opportunity as Athletic Trainers -a career option to ponder on. As an Athletic Trainer you may work with professional athletes or a high school soccer team, the basic role of the athletic trainer is the same: preventing and treating injuries of athletes. Athletic trainers can help you avoid unnecessary medical treatment and disruption of normal daily life; if you're injured, they are trained to work with your healthcare provider to get you on the mend and keep you on the move.
Role of Athletic Trainer
Athletic trainers typically do the following:
- Apply protective or injury-preventive devices such as tape, bandages, and braces.
- Recognize and evaluate injuries.
- Provide first aid or emergency care.
- Develop and carry out rehabilitation programs for injured athletes.
- Plan and implement comprehensive programs to prevent injury and illness from athletics.
- Do administrative tasks, such as keeping records and writing reports on injuries and treatment programs.
Skills Required to be Athletic Trainer
- Applied knowledge: Athletic trainers need to be able to retain a wide range of medical knowledge. They must evaluate patients’ symptoms, consult with other healthcare professionals, and recommend and administer appropriate treatments.
- Decision-making skills: Athletic trainers must be able to make quick decisions that could affect the health or career of their clients.
- Detail oriented: Athletic trainers must be able to record detailed, accurate progress and ensure that patients are receiving the appropriate treatments.
- Interpersonal skills. Athletic trainers must have strong interpersonal skills and be able to manage sometimes stressful situations. They must be able to communicate well with others, including physicians, athletes, coaches, and parents.
Some places Athletic Trainers Work
Athletic trainers work in a variety of different professional settings, including:
Professional & Collegiate sports
Secondary & Intermediate schools
Sports medicine clinics
Hospital ER & rehab clinics
Law Enforcement and Militaryروز پایانی المپیک توکیو برای امریکاییها با یک ناکامی بزرگ در دوی ماراتن مردان آغاز شد اما در ساعات بعدی کسب سه پیروزی در بسکتبال، بایسکیل سواری و والیبال، امریکا را به آنچه که میخواست رساند.
در شرایطی که روز گذشته اختلاف چین و امریکا در صدر جدول به 2 مدال طلا کاهش یافته بود، پیروزی در فینال بایسکیل سواری ایالات متحده را با تعداد مدال طلای مشترک و به خاطر نقره بیشتر، به صدر جدول رساند اما این پایان کار نبود.
دقایقی بعد بلند قامتان امریکایی در بازی آخر والیبال زنان با نتیجه 3-0 برازیل را شکست دادند و به سی و نهمین مدال طلای خود دست یافتند؛ مدالی که قهرمانی کاروان این کشور را قطعی کرد.
با این حساب کاروان ایالات متحده امریکا با کسب 39 مدال طلا، 41 نقره و 33 برنز با مجموع 113 مدال عنوان قهرمانی در المپیک توکیو را به دست آورد.
امریکا با 626 ورزشکار پای به المپیک گذاشت و اولین بازی خود را در سافتبال به انجام رساند و موفق شد ایتالیا را شکست دهد. آخرین بازی ورزشکاران این کشور نیز در بوکس و بین ریچارد تورز و بوکسور ازبیکستانی برگزار شد. آنها در دو روز پایانی درخشش ویژه ای را از خود نشان دادند و اختلاف چهار مدال طلا را با چین از بین بردند.
این در حالی است که ایالات متحده در سال 2016 بالاتر از بریتانیا قهرمان المپیک شده بود و حالا حریف سرسختش چین را از پیش رو برداشته است.
خبرگزاری جمهور
- ورزشیAdditional sample videos, individual lessons and other formats are available here.
Register your product to gain access to bonus material or receive a coupon.
Actual product comes full screen and in high resolution.
Lesson 2, “Objects in Objective-C,” focuses on the object-oriented parts of Objective-C. Viewers learn how to implement classes and objects and how to use these tools to create code that is modular and reusable. The video discusses how classes and objects work in Objective-C and how Objective-C implements inheritance and polymorphism. Viewers learn how to create objects in code. Lesson 2 finishes by having viewers learn how to declare their own classes, including how to write class methods and object methods to use in their own code.وبسایت رسمی برنامه نود – فشار تیم های مهم فوتبال ایتالیا نتیجه خواهد داد و چهار تیم برتر چهار لیگ بزرگ فوتبال اروپا بین سالهای ۲۰۱۸ و ۲۰۲۱ بدون نیاز برای حضور در مرحله انتخابی حداقل چهار نماینده در مسابقات لیگ قهرمانان خواهند داشت.
به گزارش وبسایت نود، تغییرات مرحله گروهی لیگ قهرمانان تا دسامبر ۲۰۱۷ تصویب می شود. این تغییرات از فصل ۱۹-۲۰۱۸ اعمال خواهد شد و از سال ۲۰۲۱ به نتیجه خواهد رسید. تا فصل ۱۸-۲۰۱۷ لیگ قهرمانان به شکل فعلی خواهد ماند.
رئال مادرید، یوونتوس، پاریسن ژرمن و منچستریونایتد چهار باشگاهی بودند که در نظر داشتند به طور کلی لیگ قهرمانان را به حالت تعلیق در بیاورند و تورنمنتی به نام سوپرلیگ اروپا را جایگزین آن کنند اما یوفا با تغییر شرایط لیگ قهرمانان در نظر دارد که دل باشگاه های بزرگ را بدست بیاورد و جلوی حذف این تورنمنت را بگیرد.
با تغییر قوانین، چهار تیم برتر چهار لیگ برتر اروپا بر اساس رنکینگ یوفا سهمیه صعود مستقیم به مسابقات را خواهند داشت. در حال حاضر اسپانیا، انگلیس، آلمان و ایتالیا چهار تیم برتر مسابقات هستند. کشورهای پنجم و ششم رنکینگ یوفا هم دو سهمیه مستقیم و دو سهمیه برای حضور در مسابقات راهیابی خواهند داشت.
۱۱۴۰Müzik, fotoğraf ve diğer dosyalarınızı HTC U Play'a kopyalayabilirsiniz.
Önemli:
- Bilgisayarınızdan HTC U Play'a (ya da tam tersi) dosyalarınızı kopyalamadan önce ilgili dosyaları kaydedin ve kapatın.
- Depolama kartınızı dâhili depolama olarak kullanıyorsanız, bilgisayarınız yalnızca depolama kartı içeriğini gösterecektir.
-
Verilen USB kablosu ile HTC U Play'ı bilgisayara bağlayın.
- Kilitliyse, HTC U Play telefonunda ekranın kilidini açın.
- Dosya aktarımları için USB kullanılıp kullanılmayacağının sorulduğu açılan mesajda Evet seçeneğine dokunun.
Bu mesajı görmezseniz, Bildirimler panelini kaydırarak açıp USB'yi şunun için kullan bildirimine, ardından da Dosya aktarımları seçeneğine dokunun.
Bilgisayar ekranında dosyaların görüntülenmesine veya içe aktarılmasına yönelik seçenekleri göreceksiniz.
-
Dosyaları görüntülemeyi seçin.
-
Dosyaları bilgisayarınızdan HTC U Play'a (ya da tam tersi) kopyalayın.
-
Dosyaların kopyalanmasının ardından HTC U Play ile bilgisayarınızın bağlantısını kesin.الگوهای های شمعی (کندل استیک) در تحلیل تکنیکال
الگوهای کندل استیک (نمودارهای شمعی) بیش از ۱۰۰ سال است که از کشور ژاپن سرچشمه میگیرد، قبل از آنکه غربی ها نمودارهای میله ای و نقطه ای شکل را ایجاد کنند. در دهه ی ۱۷۰۰ یک مرد ژاپنی به نام Homma متوجه شد درحالی که بین قیمت عرضه و تقاضای برنج ارتباط وجود دارد، بازارها نیز به شدت تحت تاثیر هیجانات تجار قرار گرفتند.
کندل استیک ها، هیجانات را به صورت تصویری از اندازه قیمت که در رنگ های مختلف در حرکت است بیان می کند. معامله گران از الگوهای های شمعی برای تصمیم گیری در معادلات که بر مبنای الگوهای منظم در حال انجام است، استفاده می کنند به طوریکه به پیش بینی جهت کوتاه مدت قیمت نیز کمک می کنند.
مطالب کلیدی :
- الگوهای کندل استیک توسط معامله گران ،برای تعیین حرکت احتمالی قیمت بر اساس الگوهای گذشته، استفاده می شود.
- الگوهای شمعی هنگام معامله بسیار سودمند هستند زیرا چهار نقطه ی قیمتی ( باز، بسته، بالا، پایین) را در طول مدت زمانی که معامله گر مشخص می کند، نشان میدهد.
- بسیاری از الگوریتم های موجود در معاملات الگوریتمی مبتنی بر همان اطلاعات قیمت هستند که در نمودار کندل استیک نشان داده شده اند.
- معامله کردن اغلب با هیجانات و احساسات دیکته می شود که می توانید آن را در نمودار های شمعی مورد مطالعه قرار دهید.
اجزاء موجود در الگوهای های شمعی
درست مانند نمودار میله ای، الگوهای کندل استیک روزانه قیمت های روز بازار را در حالت های باز، بسته، بالا و پایین نشان می دهند. الگوهای های شمعی یک قسمت گسترده دارد که به آن بدنه ی اصلی (real body) می گویند. این بدنه ی اصلی نشان دهنده ی دامنه ی قیمت بین باز و بسته ی معاملات آن روز است. هنگامی که بدنه ی اصلی پر یا سیاه می شود ، این بدان معنی است که قیمت بسته شده پایین تر از قیمت باز آن بوده است. اگر بدنه ی اصلی خالی باشد بدان معناست که قیمت بسته شده بالاتر از باز شده ی آن بوده است.
معامله گران می توانند این رنگ ها را در بستر معاملات خود تغییر دهند به عنوان مثال، یک کندل پایین به جای رنگ مشکی غالباً قرمز است و یک کندل بالا اغلب به جای رنگ سفید به رنگ سبز سایه انداخته می شوند.
مقایسه ای بین نمودار های شمعی و نمودارهای میله ای
درست در بالا و پایین بدنه ی اصلی سایه ها یا فتیله ها قرار دارند. سایه ها قیمت های بالا و پایین معاملات آن روز را نشان می دهند. اگر سایه ی بالایی روی شمع (کندل) پایین کوتاه باشد نشانگر آن است که قیمت های باز شده در آن روز نزدیک به اوج بوده است. یک سایه ی بالایی کوتاه در یک روز نشان می دهد که قیمت های بسته شده نزدیک به اوج است. رابطه ی بین روزهای باز،. بسته،. بالا و پایین، ظاهر الگوهای کندل استیک روزانه را مشخص می کند. بدنه ی اصلی می توانند بلند یا کوتاه، سیاه یا سفید باشند. سایه ها می توانند طولانی یا کوتاه باشند.
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of their paradoxical ordinariness, enabling viewers to share an intimate identification with the subjects’ unconventional self-perceptions. One, ‘GN’, a safety inspector who had had his right arm amputated as a result of a motorbike accident thirty four years ago, reported that his phantom limb had shrunk over the years and that he now felt only the presence of his thumb, attached to his shoulder stump.
That the brain can compensate for loss, even if in strange ways, that it can continue to alter and re-programme itself, is somehow both reassuring and marvellous too. But though we are talking here of actual material plasticity with real change in brain tissue and the brain’s capacity to invent and reinvent experience, it almost explains the flexibility and scope of the imagination. The creation and manipulation of mental maps are essential to our survival but as a secondary function they give rise to the ideas, thought, plans and fantasies by which we distinguish our imaginations, our creativity and, indeed, our art. ■
Siân Ede is Arts Director for the UK Branch of the Gulbenkian Foundation and is the author of Art & Science, of which this is an extract.请问关于颜色的作文怎么写?比如红色?
来源：学生作业帮助网 编辑：作业帮 时间：2022/06/28 19:35:55
请问关于颜色的作文怎么写?比如红色?
请问关于颜色的作文怎么写?
比如红色?
请问关于颜色的作文怎么写?比如红色?
一、我眼中的色彩
你知道熊猫的两个愿望是什么吗?一、不想永远黑眼圈.二、想有张彩照.
这是我最近看到的一则笑话.熊猫的愿望恐怕很难实现,谁让它全身黑白二色?可祖宗给的又有什么办法呢?不爱祖宗遗产的岂止熊猫?一个五岁小女孩看见电视中外国小女孩的金发便羡慕不已,她很讨厌自己的黑头发,于是任性地用小剪刀将它剪下.唉,多傻的小姑娘.她为什么不想一想,外国小女孩也许多么希望自己拥有一头如云的黑发,因为颜色是没有好坏之分的,它们有着不同的美.
我总是听有些中学生说,红色最俗,最土,真不懂新娘为什么穿得大红大红的.说这种话的女同学在自己结婚时,可以不穿红,因为白色的婚纱已被大部分中国人接受.可是,春节时,她会在自己家挂上白色或绿色的灯笼吗?如果她看到入伍的新兵胸前挂着蓝花,她能忍住不笑吗?其实,红色也很美,它是火焰般的颜色,是激情.孩子出生,家里人总要做红鸡蛋,因为鸡蛋浅浅的白色不足以表达家人迎接新生命到来时的无限喜悦.
与红色相对应的是白色,它可以表现庄重或纯洁,有时也代表悲伤、凄凉.按中国习俗,葬礼上的用具都采用白色.都说中国人很注重忌讳,我却疑惑,既然白色是死亡的象征,为什么洁白的雪却被这么多伟大的诗人写成了流传千古的诗篇?岑参的“忽如一夜春风来,千树万树梨花开”,将春景比冬景,几使人忘记奇寒而内心感 到喜悦与温暖,意境壮美；韩愈的“白雪却嫌春色晚,故穿庭树作飞花”,把春雪描绘得多么美好而有灵性,饶富情趣.那种白的纯已让人们无法再想其它不开心的事,因为白此时不再是悲伤,而是一种美.生活需要美,就需要白色.
不止红与白,黄绿青蓝紫都是自然的色彩,它们都有着独特的美,任何人都不能说,不需要它们之中的任何一种,因为它们的美是平等的.正是由于它们的完美组合,这个世界才多姿多彩.
一个都不能少.
权威解读
文章巧妙化用电影名作为文题,很别致.开头不凡,由关于熊猫愿望的笑话导入,先声夺人,大大诱发了读者的阅读兴趣.主体部分结合生活中的一些现象,合理延伸,展开分析,认为每一种色彩都是平等的,都是美丽的,正是有了丰富的色彩,世界才绚丽多姿,因而一个都不能少.见解深刻、独到.
高分启示 合理延伸见解深刻
二、我眼里的色彩
生命的颜色是什么?
哥伦布说：是蓝色,我的一生都与大海为伴,蓝色是包容,是博大.
袁隆平说：是绿色,五十个春秋,我躬耕于陇亩,绿色,是奉献,是希望.
南丁格尔说：是白色,我披着一袭白衣呵护生命,白色,是关爱,是责任.
海伦凯勒说：是黑色,我在黑暗中勇敢地生活,黑色,是不屈,是奋发.
列宁说：是红色,我的一生都在为人类的解放事业而奋斗,红色,是战斗,是理想..
其实,每一个人对色彩都有自己不同的见解,每一个人也都有自己的色彩.从出生那一刻起,我们就开始为生命涂色.
大自然五彩缤纷,蓝天白云,青山绿水,人生当然也是绚丽多彩的.
给你一张白纸,你会涂上什么色彩?
给你一次生命,你会选择什么色彩?
在无休止的战争中,在人民的担惊受怕中,在苦难深重的废墟中,拉宾选择了绿色,选择了和平.他拾起一条橄榄枝,递给阿拉法特,他给自己的生命涂上了一片浓重的色彩,让后人追忆,让后人敬仰.
或许,那此浓墨重彩都离我们太远；或许,属于我们的只是一份宁静与恬淡：那就给生命涂上淡彩吧.你认为“非淡泊无以明志,非宁静无以致远”,那就像五柳先生一样“种豆南山下”,同样能有“悠然见南山”的惬意.给生命涂上淡彩,一样可以演绎别有风味的美好生活.
七彩世界,每一种色彩都是不可或缺的.多彩生命,也需要多彩的生活形态.
如果你喜欢冰一样的圣洁,那就给生命涂上白色吧；如果你喜欢火一样的热情,那就给生命涂上红色吧；如果你喜欢松一样的苍翠,那你就不如给生命涂上绿色；如果你对稻香情有独钟,你就给生命抹上金黄……
权威解读
文章开头以排比段的形式叙写哥伦布等人的人生,“广文义,壮气势”,体现了丰富的知识积累.小作者进而提出每个人都有自己的个性,有不同的追求,也就有不同的选择.可以选择浓墨重彩、轰轰烈烈,也可以选择恬淡宁静、远离尘嚣.总之,选择适合自己个性、适合自己发展的生活,正如文中所写,“多彩生命,也需要多彩的生活形态”.全文思路清晰,说理辩证,语言上恰当好处的运用整句,大大增强了文章的节奏感和韵律美.
九、我眼中的色彩
上海一考生
鲜红,让人肃然起敬,因为它是生命的根基,是中华民族精神的代代相传；金黄,让人兴奋卓越,因为它是农民丰收的象征,是胜利的最高奖章；葱绿,让人满怀希望,因为它是绿色的喜悦,是濒临绝境的明亮曙光；纯白,让人恬然自得,因为它是视野的无限开拓,是生命的最简捷构成.
生活在五彩缤纷的大千世界里,我们的眼膜似乎也被粘上了一层又一层的采光,或许这能让我们的眼光显得熠熠生辉,可是那层薄薄的眼膜又是否承受得起呢?或许我们已对城市的灯红酒绿极度厌恶,但是我却哀伤了红与绿.
在那些激情燃烧的岁月里,我最终彻底折服于中国红的强大力量,我第一次体会到奥运圣火的圣洁,认识到五星红旗的庄严和美丽,感受到中华民族的鲜红的凝聚力.红色,让我一生敬畏而骄傲的颜色,你是我的根,是我的动力,是我的梦与想.我爱你,美丽的红.
绿色,永远是胜的希望与喜悦.在大地被彻底震撼过后,器材的生灵被扼杀在残垣断壁之间,在那些灰暗的日子里,是千千万万的人民子弟兵带去了生命的希望,创造了一个个生命的奇迹.绿色,让我一生守候与追求的颜色,你是我的魂,是我的力量,是我的方向标.我爱你,清新的绿.
生命本来就是一张白纸,从最简单的结构开始,你可以华商绚丽的彩虹,或者只是最朴素的素描.而我,将用火热的鲜红涂抹,再以清雅的淡绿点缀,最后留一处空白,用以栖息.每个人的眼光与选择皆偏差,在我眼中,红与绿才是生命的主流.
权威解读
本文得分57分.红色是激情燃烧的象征,今年是奥运年,红色也是主色调,现场该卷的老师都说,学生写红色的最多；红色也是激情奔放的象征,中学生的世界也是红色的.另外,作者选择的色彩是红黄绿白,多层次展示了作者的世界丰富多彩.本文最大的特色是在色彩的描绘之中富有哲理,在进行色彩的描绘时,结合自己的体会产生了独特的理解.文章语言流畅,富有韵味.
高分启示 色彩斑斓 韵味无穷
十、我眼中的色彩
上海一考生
独自走在喧嚣的街头,红绿灯交替闪烁.人行道两旁,一片绿色,我想“曲径通幽处”,感受自然界的颜色,脚步匆匆,却足以将它的美丽与惨败尽收眼底.
我向往大自然应该是白的.因为纯净的白色,给予万物生存的空间,恣意洒脱的仰起头,呼吸甜的空气,我想那是的他们会感谢大地的眷顾.俗话说：“万事俱备只欠东风”,我愿意创造这一片净土,将其埋葬,让它们用顽强的生命力与时间赛跑,胜者为王.
我们的人生,也不就是如此.竞争无处不在,但只要有好的心态,有面对挑战无畏的勇气,胜利就会站在你这一边.
我一直往前走,一棵松柏,伫立在泥土里,我轻轻抚摸它的枝叶,依然是光滑艳丽的.
你可曾记得,它的存在也一样经历了风霜雪月的洗礼.是什么让它丝毫未被动摇,我想是坚持.
此所谓“坚持就是胜利”.
走着走着,我看见前方有一个小亭,我决定,暂且小歇.
映入眼帘的是一片蓝色,那里有一弯小溪,潺潺流水.这时候,我想：“蓝色,给人一种想象空间,拥有蓝色畅想的我们,每一分钟都在幻想,有一天,有一双翅膀,翱翔在一角天空.自由!
白色,是一种情愫,代表我的期许,绿色,是我的心情,代表我向往坚强与自信,那片犹豫的蓝,则告诉我,创新,对于我们的重要性.
人生的历程中,挫折在所难免,懵懂的孩子们,请你尽快苏醒,用双手去创造一角美丽,让我们的城市,变成一望无际的璀璨的晴空!
我眼中的色彩,一路,风景独好,无处不在的颜色,告诉我,我,应该为它
威解读
在城市之中寻找属于自己的色彩,在竞争的世界里寻找属于自己的田园牧歌式的家园,这样的立意属于清新优美的,边走边思索,构成了全文美丽的风景,阅卷老师在看到这样的文章的时候会眼前一亮,一股清风迎面而来,在复议的最后得分时,给了60分,实际上,作者如果在最后能够增加一些亮色,也许本文可以得到满分,而这是作者自己内心的感受,是不能强求的,这是作者的亲身所见,只是作者没有发现更美好的所在而已,相信这个世界会变得越来越好.
高分启示 清新优美 边走边思
三、我眼中的色彩
上海考生
曾经深深地拒绝过黑暗,因为它不若光明般绚烂,给予的,只是无尽的哀思与希望.
——题记
独享黑暗.
不知不觉之中我爱上了黑暗.在朋友的纪念册中,我留下了一纸黑暗.我说,你就把这片幽静的黑暗当作我吧.
我曾经执着地欣赏白色,但后来我发现白色太纯太真,容不下一点杂色,反令人觉得虚假,就像以前的我.
黑色虽然没有红色的热情与奔放,黄色的自由与希望,紫色的高贵与淡雅,但它有自己独特的美：厚实与质朴.
当疲倦的太阳匆匆收工之后,我独自一人拉上窗帘,独享宁静.
在伸手不见五指的世界里,除了黑暗,我眼中没有意思色彩,更加看不到自己的存在.但那不重要,重要的是,我的心在继续,我的思想在奔驰.
最好是在黑暗之中泡上一壶黑咖啡,嗅嗅那咖啡的香气,可以陪伴你一整夜.无需闭上双眼,即可忆起过去的点滴.
看到快乐肆意的,我可以纵情欢笑；看到悲伤难过的,我可以放声痛哭.
不用担心别人会窥探到自己真实的一面,此时陪伴你的,只有黑暗,天和地是你唯一的朋友.把你心里最宝贵的东西掏出来,与地同分,与天共享.不信,你抬头看看夜空中一闪一闪的小星星吧,它们都在黑暗中拥抱着自己的小秘密呢!
黑暗,让我学会在黑暗中获得享受,从享受中获得力量——坚韧与顽强.
当室内的咖啡香气逐渐消散,我拉开窗帘,那远处的黑暗,将灯火阑珊处的小秘密悄悄送到你的耳边.
独享黑暗,不要以为黑色是悲伤失败者的基调,黑暗更是聪明睿智者深思的双眸.
独享黑暗,独享黑暗的乐趣,独享黑暗的精神,独享黑暗的清新.
权威解读
这是一篇被众多阅卷老师肯定的佳作,与众多考生不同的是,作者另辟蹊径,欣赏的角度出现在“黑暗”这个词上,“独享黑暗”,确实与众不同,作者的体悟很有特色：黑暗中可以独享宁静、延续思考、纵情欢笑、放声痛哭等等.这种与众不同的思维反映了考生思想上的成熟和冷静,个性鲜明,当然受到了阅卷教师的亲睐.因此,本篇作文被判为62分.
高分启示 视角独特 另辟蹊径solo che sono appena usciti i characters poster di WTWTA. e siccome io già so che quando vedrò questo film piangerò come un vitello li metto solo per vederli io senza ridigitare ogni volta i link. già solo i poster mi fanno l'effetto cipolla. sniff.
EVVIVA LE FESTE A SORPRESA E I REGALI SORPRENDENTI! DANKE Bobola!هشدار سازمان غذا و دارو: آزمایش های آنتی بادی نوع ایمنی را تعیین نمی کند
به گزارش وبلاگ پاورست، بر اساس بیانیه ای که روز چهارشنبه توسط سازمان غذا و دارو منتشر شد، آزمایش مثبت برای آنتی بادی های کووید 19 جایگزین کافی برای دریافت واکسن نیست.
به گزارش خبرنگار گروه علم و پیشرفت خبرنگاران به نقل از دیلی میل، سازمان غذا و داروی آمریکا در تازه ترین بیانیه خود هشدار می دهد: آزمایش های آنتی بادی کووید 19 نمی تواند ثابت کند شما در برابر ویروس در اثر عفونت قبلی یا در اثر واکسیناسیون ایمن هستید.
این آزمایشات با جستجوی علائم پاسخ ایمنی می تواند مشخص کند که آیا فردی در گذشته به ویروس مبتلا بوده است یا خیر.
اف دی ای هشدار می دهد: تکیه بر آنتی بادی ها برای محافظت در برابر کووید 19 ممکن است افراد را آسیب پذیر کند، بنابراین برای تأیید مصونیت از اثرات ویروس، هنوز واکسن لازم است.
کارشناسان این سازمان تأکید می کنند، آزمایش های آنتی بادی مثبت نیز به عنوان جایگزینی برای اثبات واکسیناسیون کار نخواهد کرد.
حداقل 33 میلیون آمریکایی از ابتدای شیوع همه گیری به کووید 19 مبتلا شده اند و برخی اظهار داشتند که قبلاً به این بیماری مبتلا بوده اند؛ شرایطی که مشخص نمی کند ایمنی بر اثر ابتلای قبلی بوده یا در اثر تزریق واکسن برای رسیدن به ایمنی جمعی اختلال به وجود می آورد.
در حالی که آنتی بادی ها می توانند مقداری از ایمنی را برای فرد ایجاد کنند، اف دی ای از آمریکایی ها می خواهد با وجود آنتی بادی ها، واکسن کووید 19 را دریافت کنند تا بتوانند خود را در برابر ویروس کاملاً محافظت کنند
نوع آنتی بادی هایی که واکسن ها ایجاد می کنند با آزمایشاتی که برای تشخیص اینکه چه کسی قبلاً به این ویروس آلوده شده انجام می شود قابل تشخیص نیستند، بنابراین آزمایش خون احتمالاً واکسینه شدن کسی را تأیید نمی کند.
انتهای پیام/منبع: خبرگزاری فارسStatus: Ongoing (2016 - 2020)
Dr Takao Sawachi
Building Research Institute
1 Tachihara, Tsukuba-shi
Ibaraki-ken 305-0802, Japan
In many countries and regions, primary energy use or CO2 emissions is used as an index representing the building energy performance, which is assessed by calculation methods. Key requirements for such calculation methods are claimed to be credibility, discrimination, repeatability and especially transparency. To be transparent, it is necessary to publish all of the logic for the calculations and all of the justifications for the input data. However, it seems that very few countries and regions have attained such an idealistic situation. The commonly faced difficulties seem to appear particularly due to the complexity and variety of non-residential buildings’ functions and building services systems.
Originally, many energy calculation methods were used for calculating space heating loads to evaluate the effectiveness of building envelopes and for sizing equipment. At that time, it was not critical to convert the loads into energy use, or to compare the energy use with
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rin olarak da bilinmektedir. Gelişen bu irin cerrahi olarak açılabilen veya cildin yüzeyinden kendiliğinden akabilen bir kafa ya da uç oluşturmaktadır. Doku içinde biriken irin, apse olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Bu nedenle uçuğu bir cilt apsesi olarak değerlendirmek mümkündür. Çıban gövde, ekstremiteler, kalçalar, kasık veya diğer alanlar dahil olmak üzere vücudun herhangi bir yerinde meydana gelebilmektedir. (8)
Çıban Nedenleri
Çıban neden olur? Çıban cilt yüzeyinde yaşayan stafilokokal isimli bakterilerin neden olduğu bir enfeksiyon sonucu oluşmaktadır. Bu bakteri cilt yüzeyinde oluşan ufak çizilmeler ya da kesikler sonucu vücuda girmektedir. Diğer yandan, çıbanların kıl foliküllerinde gelişme ihtimali de bulunmaktadır.
Aşağıda sıralanmış olan koşullar ve bazı sağlık sorunları, kişiyi çıban da dahil olmak üzere cilt enfeksiyonlarına daha yatkın bir hale getirebilmektedir:
- Diyabet (şeker hastalığı)
- Zayıf bir bağışıklık sistemi ya da bağışıklık sistemi ile ilgili sorunlar
- Zayıf beslenme
- Gerekli hijyenin sağlanmaması
- Cildin tahriş edici sert kimyasallara maruz kalması (9)
Çıban Tedavisi
Çıban nasıl geçer? Bir çıbanı tedavi etmek için evde uygulanabilecek bazı öneriler şunlardır:
- Çıbanı kendi kendinize sıkmaktan kesinlikle kaçının.
- Çıbanı antiseptik sabunla yıkayın.
- Çıbanın uç vermesini ve kendi kendine akmasını teşvik etmek için günde üç kez 10 dakika boyunca sıcak kompres uygulayın.
- Patlamış olan çıbanı temiz bir bandajla sarın.
- Enfeksiyonun yayılmasını önlemek için ellerinizi iyice yıkayın.
- Enfekte bölgeleri yıkadığınız ve kurutduğunuz her seferde temiz havlu kullanın.
- Çıban birkaç gün sonra iyileşmezse bir doktora başvurun.
Şiddetli çıban vakalarında tıbbi bir yardım alınmalıdır. Tıbbi tedaviler sıklıkla antibiyotik kullanımını ve neşter yardımıyla çıbanın doktor tarafından akıtılmasını içermektedir. Göz ve burun etrafında gelişen çıbanların her zaman bir doktor tarafından tedavi edilmesi gerekmektedir, çünkü enfeksiyonun kan dolaşımına erişme ve beyne ulaşma riski bulunmaktadır. (10)
Çıban İçin Hangi Doktora Gidilir?
Çıban tanısı ve tedavisi için bir dermatolog yani cilt hastalıkları uzmanına başvurulmaktadır. (11)Although the job title is similar, a support worker holds a slightly different role to a social worker. The two positions do have some overlapping responsibilities, but they aren’t exactly the same. Like a social worker, a support worker also works with vulnerable people to help them in a variety of ways. A support worker doesn’t need to have a degree or be registered with the relevant care professionals registry, unlike a social worker. Support workers help to provide emotional support, information, and practical support to those who need it. They could work with anyone from domestic abuse victims to recovering addicts.
You don’t need to have a degree to become a support worker, although if you do have one, it could be an advantage. It’s more important that you can demonstrate the right skills and qualities, as well as perhaps some relevant work experience. There are several ways to gain some useful experience, including completing work experience at school or volunteering. Although a degree isn’t necessary, some vocational qualifications can be useful. For example, you can study for a GNVQ in health and social care to learn more about the skills required and help you understand if support work is right for you.
Types of Support Worker
There are several areas of health and social care available for support workers to get involved with. A support worker can provide support to many different types of vulnerable (people) person, ranging from people with learning disabilities to people with mental health problems. They can provide support to elderly people, people who are ill or physically disabled, or people dealing with issues such as drug addiction. There are lots of paths a support worker can choose to follow.
Where do support workers work?
Support workers can choose to work in a range of different environments. Unlike social workers, they don’t tend to be office-based. Instead, they are more likely to be connected to one institution, whether it’s a nursing home or a young offenders institution. Some support workers visit people’s homes. One role could be to visit people in at home and help them to live independently, providing help with physical tasks or advice and support to help them do things for themselves.
The Job Market for Support Workers.
North East: £20,491
North West: £21,279
West Midlands: £19,374
East Midlands: £17,860
South West: £19,266
South East: £19,806
There is evidence that the demand for support workers is rising in some areas of the UK, such as Scotland, the East Midlands, and Wales. The number of available jobs for support workers has increased. Starting salaries for support workers are around £17,000 on average, depending on location, employer, and specialism. Salaries can increase to around £25,000 or £26,000, although the average salary for support workers across the UK is £20,563. Support workers can also advance into managerial positions, where they could expect to earn around £33,000. Salaries and job opportunities vary between regions and fields of expertise, so it’s important to consider both of these factors.简介：郑智厚代理（李浚荣饰）从业务部转至公关部，恰巧与郑智宥（徐珠贤饰）同一部门，而两人的初相见就令双方印象深刻，但真正开启两人关系的，是某次郑智宥因名字与郑智厚相似，误收到对方包裹，而包裹里是情趣狗链，使智厚感到相当难为情，却也因此拉近两人距离，而后郑智厚请求智宥成为自己的主人。智宥对智厚抱有好感，于是决定踏入BDSM领域探索，智宥成为支配者，智厚则为臣服者，两人签下了为期三个月的契约，每周进行一次调教活动。因智厚前女友对他的特殊癖好感到恶心，让他对恋爱关系蒙上阴影，多年无法踏进稳定关系，因而对智宥的示好感到退缩。两人契约结束后，智宥的下属李翰（安承钧饰）无意间录到两人在茶水间Cosplay的音频，原本只想传给智宥提醒，却不小心发给全公司，导致两人的主仆游戏上台面，且被众人议论纷纷，没想到这件事成了两人关系的转折点，在惩戒会议上，智厚正视自己的自卑，以及对智宥的情感，两人才正式交往 。Holding Capacity of a Dielectrophoretic Barrier for Microparticles
A dielectrophoretic barrier is generated with two layers of microelectrode structures so called paired electrode array (PEA) constructing face to face on the top and bottom sides of a microchannel. The barrier is designed to control the movement of particles in combination with a fluid flow. Depending on the relative strength of the DEP force and hydrodynamic force, microparticles or cells carrying by a laminar flow can either penetrate the barrier or be deflected from there. The threshold velocity at which the barrier firstly fails to hold back the particles is a significant parameter to validate the performance of the device. This paper presents an experimental study on the performance of the microfabricated paired electrode array. The electrodes were fabricated with conventional microfabrication techniques. Micron-sized latex beads were used in the investigation. The holding capacity was defined by measuring the threshold velocity of the system. The results provide crucial information for the design of the dielectrophoretic barrier for microparticle manipulation and separation.
Soon-Bok Lee and Yun-Jae Kim
D. F. Chen et al., "Holding Capacity of a Dielectrophoretic Barrier for Microparticles", Key Engineering Materials, Vols. 326-328, pp. 281-284, 2006پاسخگو در مقابل مقیاس پذیر طراحی ایمیل تلفن همراه
Yesmail Interactive یک روزنامه سفید با عنوان منتشر کرد ، طراحی ایمیل موبایل - بازاریابی مناسب برای صفحه کوچک در پنجره جدیدی باز می شود، اعلام می کند بیش از 36 درصد ایمیل ها بر روی یک دستگاه تلفن همراه باز می شوند ، که پیش بینی می شود سال به سال به رشد خود ادامه دهد.
از آنجایی که مشتریان همچنان برای بررسی ایمیل به دستگاههای تلفن همراه خود مراجعه میکنند، برای مارکها مهمتر از همیشه است که تماسها را به سادگی دنبال کنند. متأسفانه، 76 درصد از برندها فقط یک استراتژی اولیه تلفن همراه ارائه می دهند - یا اصلاً استراتژی ندارند.
این مانع از این می شود که مصرف کنندگان با محتوای نام تجاری درگیر شوند و یا معامله کنند زیرا تقریباً نیمی از آنها اظهار می کنند که خواندن ایمیل های تلفن همراه به دلیل پیمایش بیش از حد دشوار است و 29 درصد آنها به چینش های اشتباه صفحه تلفن همراه خود اشاره می کنند.
برای اطمینان از اینکه مصرف کنندگان می توانند با محتوای خود ارتباط برقرار کنند ، مارک ها باید از طرح ترکیبی با طراحی پاسخگو و مقیاس پذیر استفاده کنند. مزایای اصلی عبارتند از:
- آرم بزرگتر و پیوند به وب سایت.
- ناوبری بیشتر و بنابراین نرخ کلیک
- تمرکز بیشتر بر روی محتوای برجسته
- متن بزرگتر و دعوت به عمل
رواج تعامل با موبایل ، بازاریاب ها را ملزم می کند تا عمل برای دنبال کردن در صفحه های تلفن همراه را ساده انجام دهند. قابلیت استفاده ، وضوح و تجربه مثبت برند در طراحی ایمیل های پاسخگو و مقیاس پذیر تلفن های همراه ، مصرف کنندگان را به عضویت و تعامل مداوم با برنامه ایمیل یک برند ترغیب می کند.
2 نظرات
منبع برجسته برای مرکز دانش طراحی پاسخگو. اینجا را بررسی کن: http://goo.gl/7S6pye
با تشکر!
مطمئناً بسیاری از افراد هنگام خواندن موضوع ایمیل در مورد اینکه چه چیزی قابل قبول نیست و چه چیزی قابل قبول است سردرگم می شوند. نکته کلیدی در یک ایمیل مقیاس پذیرتر حرفه ای کردن آن است.Google launches AI centre in Ghana
US tech giant, Google has introduced the first Artificial Intelligence Research Laboratory in Ghana to help address economic, political and environmental issues in Africa.
Artificial intelligence refers to software and technology that uses data and algorithms to execute tasks that require human cognition. Artificial intelligence (AI) enables the systems with the capability to automatically learn and improve from experience without being explicitly programmed. Through machine learning AI-powered technology becomes knowledgeable and can surpass human efficacy.
AI enables better identification of patterns, allowing for more nuanced predictions of behaviour. From healthcare to recruitment to digital marketing, a variety of industries and sectors have found AI to be advantageous to their business operations.
An Artificial Intelligence Research Laboratory will focus on combining data and artificial intelligence and produce high-quality data analysis for various purposes.
Google has opened its first Artificial Intelligence (AI) center in Africa in Ghana's capital city, Accra. Headed by Moustapha Cisse, Google announced its intention to launch the center last year.
“Over the past 10 years in which Google has had offices in Africa, we’ve been excited to be a part of that transformation. Ultimately 10 million Africans will benefit from our digital skills training program with 2 million people having already completed the course, and we’re supporting 100,000 developers and over 60 tech startups through our Launchpad Accelerator Africa. We’re also adapting our products to make it easy for people to discover the best of the internet, even on low-RAM smartphones or unstable network connections,” Jeff Dean, Senior Fellow, Google AI and Moustapha Cisse, Staff Research Scientist and Lead of Google AI Center Accra, had said in a statement.
“We’ll bring together top machine learning researchers and engineers in this new center dedicated to AI research and its applications,” the blog explaining the launch said.
Google is working with universities and start-ups in Ghana, Nigeria, Kenya and SA to enhance AI development regionally. Google also supports graduate programs in Machine Intelligence at the African Institute for Mathematical Sciences center in Rwanda
The center will host engineers and researchers together to work on AI-dedicated projects. Google says it will partner with local universities and institutions as well as policy-makers to develop AI in Africa. Cisse said ‘It is a diverse team. It is important that Africans are at the forefront of providing solutions to problems on their continent’. The center directly engages with researchers in African universities by providing grants to those interested in the various fields of AI and giving Ph.D. scholarships.
AI can be applied in sectors such as agriculture, health, and education, and Moustapha Cisse, the research scientist heading up Google's AI efforts in Africa, says his team's goal is to provide developers with the necessary research needed to build products that can solve problems that Africa faces today. "Most of what we do in our research centers at Google and not just in Accra, we publish it and open-source code, so that everybody can use it to build all sorts of things," he said. Cisse says Google's AI principles aims to build trust between the people who create the technology and the end users, and the technology should be aligned with the values of society. "We have to build an algorithm that is fair and respects the privacy of the user and is transparent," he said.
Using Google’s AI machine app ‘TensorFlow’, farmers can analyze the issue with their plants and boost their production. TensorFlow was outsourced by the company to help developers generate solutions to real-world problems. The African center will zoom into the process of enhancing Google Translate abilities to grab African languages with accuracy as it has more than 2000 dialects and needs to be better served with technology.
Last week, Google announced it was dissolving its AI ethics committee after its employees criticised the inclusion of Kay Coles James and reopened the conversation about Google’s military drone involvement. Last year, Google was forced to drop its bid for a $10 billion contract with the Pentagon to develop military A.I. surveillance tools after fierce public criticism from its tech workers.
There has been an algorithmic bias problem with AI structure regarding Africans. After Google photos launch in 2015, it tagged photos of black people as ‘gorillas’ which created a lot of controversy with the company and compelled it to fix the issue immediately.
Our assessment is that Ghana likely appealed to Google because of its high-quality education system and political stability. It can be noted that Ghana ranks 12th in the World Bank’s latest Ease of Doing Business Index. It also enjoys relatively stable electricity, relative security, and decent internet infrastructure. We feel that challenges faced by the African continent can be translated into data necessary to solve issues in other communities. The struggle with diversity needs to curbed and an inclusive algorithm representing all end users need to be developed. Also, some of the best AI talent in the world is of African origin.Karbonatlı Su vücudun pH dengesini koruyor. Bunun yanında, obezite sorununa, kansere, migrene ve daha pek çok sağlık sorununa çözüm oluyor.
Contents
- 1 Karbonatlı su ne kadar zaman içilmeli?
- 2 Karbonatlı su nasıl yapılır?
- 3 Aç karnına karbonatlı su içmek zayıflatır mı?
- 4 Karbonat içmek zararlı mıdır?
- 5 Karbonatlı su tuvalete çıkarır mı?
- 6 Her gün karbonatlı su içmek zararlı mıdır?
- 7 Karbonat tansiyonu düşürür mü?
- 8 Limon karbonat karışımı nasıl yapılır?
- 9 Içilen karbonat hangisi?
- 10 Ingiliz karbonatı zayıflamak için nasıl kullanılır?
- 11 Karbonat ve limon ne işe yarar?
- 12 Aç karnına karbonat içilir mi?
- 13 Karbonatlı su böbreklere zarar verir mi?
- 14 Karbonat metale zarar verir mi?
- 15 Karbonat mide şişkinliğine iyi gelir mi?
Karbonatlı su ne kadar zaman içilmeli?
Karbonatın içindeki mineraller midedeki asit seviyesini dengeler ve gaz oluşumunu önler. Not: Yemeklerden hemen sonra değil, en erken 1 saat sonra karbonatlı su içilmesi tavsiye edilir.
Karbonatlı su nasıl yapılır?
1,5 litre suya 1 çay kaşığı karbonat ilave edin ve karıştırın. Bu şekilde birkaç saat bekletin ve tüketin.
Aç karnına karbonatlı su içmek zayıflatır mı?
Karbonatlı suyun zayıflatma etkisi olabilir ancak bol su tüketiminin de zayıflamaya yardımcı olduğu unutulmamalı. Bu yüzden de karbonatlı su içemiyorsanız ya da sağlığınız izin vermiyor ise bol bol su tüketmek de ödem atmanıza ve zayıflamanıza yardımcı olacak.
Karbonat içmek zararlı mıdır?
Karbonat kullanımı sonucunda herhangi bir toksik etkisi yoktur. Ancak gıda olarak tüketilecekse ‘fazla karbonatın zararları’ söz konusu olabilir. Sodyum açısından zengin olan karbonatın aşırı tüketilmesi vücuttaki potasyum seviyesini etkileyebilir ve potasyum eksikliğine yol açabilir.
Karbonatlı su tuvalete çıkarır mı?
Kabızlık sorununu hızlı çözmek için karbonat en iyi doğal ilaçlardan biridir. Kabızlık nedeniyle oluşan şişkinliği ve ağrıyı giderir, bağırsakta hafif bir müshil işlevi görür.
Her gün karbonatlı su içmek zararlı mıdır?
Karbonatlı Suyun açıklanan en önemli zararı, mide ülserine neden olmasıdır. Normal kullanım ölçülerine tüketilmediği zaman, mide ülseri rahatsızlığını hızlandırır. Bu nedenle devamlı tüketilmesi önerilmiyor. Karbonatlı Su, tansiyon
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için. Eğer çaba ve yüz sorunların hedefe göre kullanılacak araç bilecektir. ... [-]
Haritalama ve yeniden tasarlama süreçleri bir başlangıç noktasıdır. optimize etmek becerileri lâzımdır ve çapraz fonksiyonel performansını artırmak (Toyota ve GE yaptığı gibi) sürdürülebilir operasyonel mükemmelliğe ulaşmak. O içeri Altı Sigma ve Yalın burada [+]
Haritalama ve yeniden tasarlama süreçleri nokta bir başlangıç. performans fonksiyonel artırmak çapraz) optimize gerekir usta becerisi ve için (mükemmellik operasyonel sürdürülebilir ulaşmak Yapıldı Toyota ve GE var. O içeri Sigma Yalın Altı ve burada
Program Faydaları
Yalın süreç akış optimize etmek için güçlü bir yaklaşım sunuyor. Altı Sigma süreç performansını geliştirmek için istatistiksel araçlar ekler. Birlikte daha hızlı bir şekilde müşterilerine ürün ve hizmet sunmak için kaldıraç olabilir ve daha düşük maliyetle stratejik, sürekli iyileştirme sağlamak. Bu eller üzerinde, iki günlük seminer araçları ve yöntemleri Yalın ile "Kurşun gereken ve süpürme Altı Sigma ile size sağlayacaktır. "Özellikle size nasıl yapılacağını öğreneceksiniz: ... [-]
kuruluşlar içinde kalite sorunları ile başa çıkmak için analitik ve diğer perspektifler sunmak. tanımlarını ve kalite kavramlarını bir giriş sağlamak; örgütler içindeki kalite sorunları ile başa çıkmak için analitik ve diğer bakış açılarını sunmak [+]
Bu ders projeleri konularında denetim genel Kalitesi sağlar. Hedefleritanımlarını ve kalite kavramlarını bir giriş sağlamak kuruluşlar içinde kalite sorunları ile başa çıkmak için analitik ve diğer bakış açılarını sunmak güncel düşünce ve kalitesi ile ilgili uygulama ve inceleme durumlarda gerçek hayat uygulamaları sağlamak tanıtmak.
PMBOK Bilgi Alanları
- Uyum Yönetimi - Kalite Yönetimi - İletişim Yönetimi Konular Kapalı - Kalite yönetim süreci - Kalite planlama, güvencesi ve kontrolü - Müşteri odaklı bir süreç olarak Kalite - Kalite güvence de takımların rolü - Kabul örneklemesi - Kaizen - Sürekli iyileştirme süreci - Toplam kalite yönetimi (TKY) - ISO 9000 kalitesi açısından - Pareto Kuralı (80/20 kuralı) - Kalite kontrol grafikleri - Zero kusurları kavramı - Prosedürler ve süreçler içine Bina kalitesi - Kalite kontrol taban oluşturma - Kaliteli tasarım Önemi - Maliyet ve kalite programlarının faydaları - Kalite için atama sorumluluk - Kalite yönetim en iyi uygulama örnekleri Dersin Süresi Bu dersin ihtiyaçlarını bağlı olarak değişen uzunluklarda geliyor Kuruluşunuz. Proje Yönetimi Uzmanları (PMP) Bu dersi alan için Mesleki Gelişim Birimi (PDU) kazanmak için uygundur. ... [-]
Etkili çözümler geliştirmede ihtiyaçların merkezi rolünü anlayın; Müşterilerin ihtiyaç duyduğu ve yansıttığı net talepleri nasıl formüle edeceğinizi keşfedin. İhtiyaç değişikliklerini yönetmek için uygulanabilecek farklı yaklaşımları tanımlayın. [+]
Proje gereksinimlerini doğru bir şekilde geliştirme ve yönetme üzerine bir derstir.Amacı- Etkili çözümler geliştirmede ihtiyaçların merkezi rolünü anlamak - Müşterilerin neye ihtiyaç duyduklarını ve ne istediklerini gösteren net gereksinimleri nasıl formüle edeceğinizi keşfedin - İhtiyaç değişikliklerini yönetmek için uygulanabilecek farklı yaklaşımları tanımlayın. PMBOK Bilgi Alanları - Entegrasyon Yönetimi - Kapsam Yönetimi - Kalite Yönetimi - İletişim Yönetimi Konular- İş gereksinimleri - İşlevsel gereksinimler - Teknik şartlar (şartnameler) - Gereksinimlerin yaşam döngüsü ihtiyacı - İş-teknoloji açığını kapatmak - Geleneksel sistem analizi ile gereksinimleri yakalama - Hızlı prototipleme ile gereksinimleri yakalama - Yapılandırma yönetimiyle gerekliliklerdeki değişiklikleri yönetme - İhtiyaçlar için kaliteli link - Ortak uygulama geliştirme (JAD) ekipleriyle gereksinimleri geliştirme - İhtiyaçların tanımlanması ve ihtiyaçların geliştirilmesi üzerine el ele çalışması Kurs SüresiBu ders, kuruluşunuzun ihtiyaçlarına göre değişen uzunluklarda gelir. Proje Yönetimi Uzmanları (PMP'ler) bu dersi almak için Mesleki Gelişim Birimlerini (PDU) kazanmaya uygundur.... [-]Francesca Fonte e Filippo Violato hanno trionfato nel torneo di doppio misto di quarta categoria tenutosi al TC Arca di Spinea. I nostri due portacolori, entrambi U14 hanno portato a casa il successo superando coppie di ben maggiore esperienza! Ottimo comportamento dei nostri ragazzi/e (U14 e U16) anche nel concomitante torneo di singolo.Walnuts are rounded, single-seeded stone fruits of the walnut tree. The two most common major species of walnuts are grown for their seeds — the Persian (or English) walnut and the Black walnut. While the English walnut originated in Persia, the Black walnut is native to eastern North America. The Black walnut is of high flavor, but its hard shell and poor hulling characteristics leave it unsavory for commercial growth for nut production. The commercially produced walnut varieties are nearly all hybrids of the English walnut.
Read on to learn about the health benefits of walnuts, and how you can make your own delicious walnut butter from the comfort of your own home!
Health Benefits In A Nutshell
From ancient times through the 19th century, herbalists prescribed the nut, bark, roots, and leaves of the walnut for a variety of medicinal purposes. The nut itself was used to prevent weight gain, eliminate morning sickness, calm hysteria, and strengthen one’s constitution.
Walnuts are a nutrient-dense food: 100 grams of walnuts contains 15.2 grams of protein, 65.2 grams of fat, and 6.7 grams of dietary fiber. They can be considered a superfood because they contain a full complement of vitamins, including B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, and folic acid; as well as a wealth of minerals, such as iron, magnesium, potassium, and zinc. They are also quite rich in vitamin E (alpha, beta, delta, and gamma tocopherol), making them exceptionally high in antioxidants, and they contain both omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, which are found in only a few plant food sources.
A study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, May 1994, showed that those whose diets included walnuts (or almonds) were able to lower their LDL (“bad”) cholesterol by up to 10%. Another study appearing in the July 1995 edition of the Journal of the American Dietetic Association found that walnuts could also diminish the extent of heart damage after a heart attack.
One thing to remember is that walnuts are high in saturated fat and low in protein, so consider limiting your walnut butter serving size and sprinkling some other protein-powered nuts, such as pistachios, on top.
How To Make Your Own!
Recipe: California Walnut Butter
Yield: 1 cup, 8 servings
- 2 cups walnuts
- 1/4 teaspoon salt
- 2 tsp walnut or vegetable oil (or as needed)
- A little agave or cinnamon (optional, to taste)
Walnut butter can be made using raw, soaked, or toasted walnuts, depending on the level of crunch you crave. Here’s how to make all three, and how they differ.
Use raw walnuts for a very creamy and smooth texture that tastes just like a shelled walnut.
This method removes some of the tannin from the walnut skin, and offers a more textured result. Soak overnight, drain and discard water. Then, toast the walnuts in a single layer on a baking sheet at 350° F for up to 15 minutes to dry them out (don’t let them get dark !). Cool walnuts before making them into butter.
To enhance the sweet, nutty flavor, toast your walnuts before making them into butter. Walnut butter made using toasted walnuts will provide a coarse, textured finished product. Toast walnuts in a single layer on a baking sheet at 350° F for 8 to 10 minutes, or until fragrant. Cool walnuts before making them into butter.
Making the butter
Make your walnut butter by putting the walnuts in the bowl of a food processor, and grinding until they become sticky or paste-like. Add the salt. Add the oil, a little at a time, until the walnut butter binds together. If you like, add small touches of agave and/or cinnamon to taste.
Use your freshly made walnut butter in one of these awesome recipes.If you're happy to accept these cookies, simply continue browsing.
Climbing the economic ladder depends on personality traits as well as financial and social background according to research from the University of Aberdeen.
The study, published today (April 19) in Personality and Individual Differences found that as well as childhood social class, higher intelligence, having a personality open to new experiences and an absence of feelings such as anxiety, worry and fear were also associated with upward social mobility.
Using data obtained from a cohort of volunteers born in Aberdeen in 1936, this study uniquely examines the multiple influences that drive social mobility such as childhood intelligence, education and personality from data gathered as much as 70 years ago.
Dr Roger Staff who led the study said: “Using volunteers born in 1936, in and around Aberdeen, who had their intelligence measured age 11, we were able to model social mobility over their working lives.
"The study found that childhood social class, intelligence, a personality with openness and an absence of neuroticism (anxiety, worry and fear) were associated with upward social mobility. These positive effects were predominantly independent of the level of education received by the individual.
“There have been previous studies that suggest certain personality traits drive social mobility or would be a contributor for social mobility but none of the work done in the past had the opportunity to adjust for childhood ability. This is only possible because the cohort has the age 11 IQ score recorded. So as a life course type of analysis this study is rare. Essentially, it was the opportunity to adjust for all these variables in early life and see where these people ended up.
"We found that where you start in life is as important as how good you are.
“There are lots of arguments about whether we are becoming less or more socially mobile and many would argue that social mobility is increasing through better education, better opportunities and legislation that doesn’t discriminate.
"Our results show that where you end up in life is not only dependent on where you start and how smart you are but is determined by your personality. “Biyomedikal Nedir:
Biyomedikal, araştırma ve klinik uygulamada biyolojik ve fizyolojik prensipleri uygulayan bir tıp dalıdır.
Biyomedikal sağlığa biyolojik bir bakış açısıyla yaklaşır, yani vücudun mekanizmalarını anlamak için anatomi ve fizyolojiyi inceler ve böylece hastalıkların tanı, tedavi ve önlenmesinde yeni yollar önerir.
Biyomedikal tarafından geliştirilen yöntemler halk sağlığı politikalarının ve aynı zamanda laboratuar teşhislerinin temelidir. Bunun nedeni biyomedikalin oldukça teorik olması ve uzmanlarının hastalıklarla mücadele etmek ve genel olarak sağlığı iyileştirmek için yeni teknolojiler geliştirmekle sorumlu olmasıdır.
Biyotıp, tıp bilimini biyokimya, embriyoloji, moleküler biyoloji, immünoloji vb. Gibi birçok biyoloji alanıyla birleştirir.
Biyomedikal ve tıp arasındaki farklar
Biyotıp, hastalıkların nedenlerini, semptomlarını ve işleyişini tanımlamanın yanı sıra yeni tanı, tedavi ve önleme biçimleri geliştirmek için laboratuvar testleriyle çalışır.
Biyomedikal ağırlıklı olarak teoriktir ve tıp ve sağlık alanındaki tüm alanlarda araştırma ve ilerlemeye odaklanmıştır.
Tıbbın pratik bir odağı ve hastaları ile doğrudan etkisi vardır. Klinik bakım ve spesifik hastalıkların tedavisi üzerine odaklanmıştır.
Akademik anlamda, iki alanın özellikle kursun ilk yıllarında çok benzer müfredat programları var. Kuruma bağlı olmasına rağmen, biyotıp dersinin teori ve pratiğe yönelik tıpta daha derinlemesine olması doğaldır.
Biyomedikal alanında kariyer
Biyomedikal mesleğe erişim, bölgedeki özel eğitim ve ardından Bölgesel Biyomedikal Konseyi'ne kaydolma yoluyla gerçekleşir.
Brezilya'da, biyotıp kursu 5 yıl sürer ve insan anatomisi, biyofizik, sitopatoloji, kimya, mikrobiyoloji, genetik, toksikoloji vb. Gibi disiplinleri kapsar.
Brezilya'daki çoğu biyomedikal klinik değerlendirme (laboratuvar hizmetleri ve kan, idrar, dışkı vb. Biyolojik analizleri) ile çalışır. Bununla birlikte, meslek aynı zamanda araştırma odaklı ve birkaç biyomedikal bilim adamı tıpta yeni gelişmeler aramak için üniversitelerde ve araştırma merkezlerinde bilim insanı olarak çalışıyor.
Biyomedikal nitelikler
Federal Biyomedikal Konseyine göre, bir biyomedikal, gereksinimleri karşıladığı sürece aşağıdaki alanlarda uzmanlaşabilir:
|Klinik Patoloji (Klinik Analizler)||biyofizik||parazitoloji||mikrobiyoloji||immünoloji|
|hematoloji||biokimya||Kan bankası||viroloji||fizyoloji|
|Genel Fizyoloji||İnsan Fizyolojisi||Halk sağlığı||radyoloji||Görüntüleme|
|Bromatolojik Analizler||Gıda Mikrobiyolojisi||İnsan Histolojisi||patoloji||Onkoloji Sitolojisi|
|Çevresel Analiz||akupunktur||genetik||embriyoloji||İnsan Üreme|
|Moleküler Biyoloji||farmakoloji||psikobiyoloji||Sağlık Bilişimi||serpilme|
|toksikoloji||sağlıkçı||Patolojik Anatomi||Estetik Biyotıp||denetleme|
Nitelikleri elde etmek için gerekenler:
- Mezuniyet sırasında : Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı tarafından tanınan bir kurumda veya Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı tarafından tanınan bir uzmanlık veya lisansüstü kursa 500 saat veya daha fazla denetimli staj.
- Uzmanlık kursu, yüksek lisans derecesi veya doktora yeterliliklerinden birinde, MEC normlarına saygı göstererek
- Brezilya Biyomedikal Derneği Uzmanlık Diploması Onayı - ABBM
- MEC tarafından tanınan bir yüksek öğrenim kurumunda mesleki gelişim sertifikası.
- Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı tarafından tanınan bir kurum tarafından sunulan Çok Profesyonelli İkamet Belgesi.GENOVA - Non accetta la storia d'amore della figlia minorenne e la picchia in strada. Poi, non contento, picchia con una mazza da baseball una donna intervenuta in soccorso della ragazzina.
Gli agenti delle volanti hanno arrestato il padre, un italiano di 49 anni. E' successo la notte tra sabato e domenica a Genova. La ragazzina, 15 anni, era uscita con il fidanzato e alcuni amici. I genitori le avevano dato un orario di rientro e dopo dieci minuti di ritardo, non vedendola tornare, il padre è uscito a cercarla. L'ha trovata vicino casa e dopo averle urlato degli improperi, l'ha afferrata, picchiata e infilata di forza in macchina. Alla scena ha assistito una donna di 27 anni che non ha esitato ed è intervenuta per aiutare la ragazzina.
Il padre però, l'ha spinta a terra e ha preso dalla macchina una mazza da baseball con cui ha iniziato a colpirla. A quel punto un uomo che stava tornando a casa con la moglie ha visto l'aggressione e a sua volta viene spinto a terra. Nel frattempo però, la moglie ha chiamato i soccorsi e sul posto sono arrivati l'ambulanza e gli agenti delle volanti.
L'uomo è stato arrestato per lesioni aggravate e maltrattamenti in famiglia. Secondo quanto ricostruito non sarebbe la prima volta che l'uomo ha atteggiamenti violenti in casa. La stessa moglie ha detto che il marito avrebbe picchiato altre volte la figlia. per questo il pubblico ministero Gabriella Dotto, del pool fasce deboli, ha delegato il commissariato San Fruttuoso per ulteriori indagini.APK是Android操作系统使用的一种应用程序包文件格式，用于分发和安装移动应用及中间件。一个Android应用程序的代码想要在Android设备上运行，必须先进行编译，然后被打包成为一个被Android系统所能识别的文件才可以被运行，而这种能被Android系统识别并运行的文件格式便是“APK”。
一个 APK 文件内包含被编译的代码文件(.dex 文件)，文件资源（resources）， assets，证书（certificates），和清单文件（manifest file）。APK 文件基于 ZIP 文件格式，它与 JAR 文件的构造方式相似。它的互联网媒体类型是：application/vnd.android.package-archive。
结构
一个 APK 文件通常包含以下文件：
META-INF 文件夹:
MANIFEST.MF: 清单文件（Manifest file）
CERT.RSA: 保存着该应用程序的证书和授权信息。
CERT.SF: 保存着 SHA-1 信息资源列表。
res: APK 所需要的资源文件夹。
AndroidManifest.xml: 一个传统的 Android 清单文件，用于描述该应用程序的名字、版本号、所需权限、注册的服务、链接的其他应用程序。该文件使用 XML 文件格式，可以编译为二进制的 XML，使用的工具为 AXML
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by rifle fire. Colonel Brown ordered Major Young to mount up and charge the enemy flank. Young's men dropped back from the firing line, ran to their horses, and mounted up to form a line with pistols drawn. At Major Young's signal, they moved forward at a gallop, threatening to envelop the Villistas' right flank. The troopers didn't fire a shot, but they did start moving faster and yelling. The Villistas refused to meet the charge, ceased firing, and disappeared into the woods. (35)
A month later at Hacienda Santa Cruz, Major Young led his squadron to the relief of 13th Cavalry troops, who were in danger of being wiped out. Young's reinforcement prevented a disastrous defeat for these American troops.
Another action involving the 10th Cavalry was not successful.
In June of 1916, C Troop and K Troop ran into a trap set by Mexican Federal soldiers near the town of Carrizal. Outnumbered, two officers and ten enlisted men were killed. Twenty-three troopers were taken prisoner.
By the end of the Punitive Expedition, the 10th Cavalry and three other regiments had penetrated nearly 500 miles into Mexico. (38)
Charles Young was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant Colonel in the 10th Cavalry in July of 1916, the second-most senior position in the regiment, and the first time an African American would reach that grade as a "line officer" in the regular army.
Six months later, President Wilson, who had campaigned for reelection with the slogan, "He kept us out of war," ended the Punitive Expedition and ordered the troops to return to the United States to begin preparations for the war in Europe.لوزالمعده برای کنترل سطح قندخون، به میزان مناسب انسولین تولید می کند. گاهی در دوران بارداری جفت، هورمون هایی را ترشح می کند که بر روی انسولین تاثیر می گذارند و منجر به افزایش قندخون مادر می شود. به این وضعیت دیابت بارداری گفته می شود. اما آیا این بیماری پس از تولد نوزاد بهبود پیدا می کند؟ از تاثیراتی که دیابت بارداری بر روی جنین می گذارد آگاهید؟ در هفته ی چندم بارداری می توان غربالگری قندخون را انجام داد؟ برای دانستن پاسخ این سوالات با ما همراه شوید.
دیابت بارداری نوعی دیابت است که در دوران بارداری بروز میکند. زمانی که یک زن دچار دیابت بارداری می شود؛ سطح قندخون او به دلیل هورمون هایی که توسط جفت ترشح می شود؛ بالا می رود. این اتفاق باعث می شود که قندخون جنین نیز بالا برود. اکثر زنان بین هفته های 24 تا 28 غربالگری گلوکز را انجام می دهند.
آیا دیابت بارداری بر روی جنین تاثیر می گذارد؟
بله. در واقع بزرگترین نگرانی درباره ی دیابت بارداری، تاثیراتی است که بر روی جنین می گذارد. کودکانی که از مادران دیابتی متولد می شوند اغلب:
- زودتر از موعد زایمان به دنیا می آیند ( نوزاد نارس)
- وزن بیش از حد نرمال دارند. (وزن طبیعی نوزاد در زمان تولد را بدانید)
- مشکلات تنفسی دارند.
- دچار زردی هستند.
- میزان کلسیم و قند خون آنها پس از تولد پایین است .
این موارد و سایر مشکلات ناشی از دیابت بارداری موجب می شود که نوزاد به مدت بیشتری در بیمارستان تحت مراقبت باشد.
درمان دیابت بارداری
اگر دیابت بارداری دارید؛ پزشک شما به احتمال زیاد برنامه درمان را آغاز می کند. اکثر زنانی که دچار این بیماری هستند با یک برنامه غذایی سالم و ورزش روزانه می توانند سطح قند خون خود را کنترل کنند. برخی زنان نیز می بایست روزانه انسولین مصرف کنند و سطح قندخون را تا تولد نوزاد اندازه گیری کنند. پزشک با توجه به میزان قندخون شما و سایر شرایط، بهترین برنامه درمانی را به شما ارائه می دهد.
دیابت بارداری اغلب، پس از تولد نوزاد از بین می رود هرچند ممکن است در بارداری های بعدی هم بروز کند. برخی از زنانی که دیابت بارداری دارند؛ در سنین بالاتر دچار دیابت می شوند.
برخی زنان نیز از قبل از بارداری، دیابت دارند ولی در دوران حاملگی این بیماری تشخیص داده می شود. این نوع، دیابت پس از تولد نوزاد از بین نمی رود.
غربالگری گلوکز در دوران بارداری
این نوع آزمایش برای تشخیص دیابت بارداری انجام می شود و به آن "آزمایش تحمل گلوکز" نیز گفته می شود. در ایالات متحده حدود 6% تا 7% از زنان باردار؛ دیابت بارداری دارند. این آزمایش در هفته های 24 تا 28 ام بارداری انجام می شود اما برای برخی زنان که ریسک دیابت بارداری وجود دارد؛ زودتر انجام می شود.
چرا غربالگری گلوکز انجام می شود؟
این غربالگری برای تشخیص دیابت بارداری انجام می شود. در صورتی که به دیابت بارداری و درمان آن اهمیت داده نشود؛ مشکلات زیادی برای جنین بوجود می آید.
این آزمایش چگونه انجام می شود؟
در این نوع آزمایش یک مایع شیرین به شما داده می شود و پس از یک ساعت سطح گلوکز خونتان بررسی می شود. اگر سطح آن بالا باشد؛ می بایست یک آزمایش تحمل گلوکز نیز بدهید. برای این تست می بایست یک محلول گلوکز را با معده ی خالی مصرف کنید و در طی سه ساعت، هر یک ساعت از شما یک نمونه خون گرفته می شود.
چه زمانی غربالگری گلوکز انجام می شود؟
این نوع آزمایش معمولا در هفته های 24 تا 28 بارداری انجام می شود.این آزمایش برای برخی زنان که در معرض خطر هستند زودتر انجام می شود. این فاکتورهای خطر عبارتند از:
- در گذشته نوزادی با وزن بیش از 9 پوند (4.1 کیلوگرم) به دنیا آورده است.
- سابقه ی خانوداگی دیابت دارند.
- چاق هستند.
- بیش از 25 سال سن دارند. (مقاله بهترین سن برای باردار شدن را بدانید).
- در آزمایش ادرار آنها قند گزارش شده است.
- فشار خون بالا دارند (هایپرتنشن)
- سندرم تخمدان پلی کیستیک (PCOS) دارند.
چه زمانی جواب آماده می شود؟
نتیجه ی آزمایش معمولا یک تا دو روز بعد مشخص می شود. در صورتی که نتیجه ی این آزمایش بالا باشد، می بایست آزمایش های دیگری را نیز انجام دهید که پزشک معالج شما راهنمایی های لازم را به شما ارائه خواهد داد.|Cena: 27.00 zł|
Dział: Język » Język: Zagadnienia ogólne
Periplus Pocket Japanese DictionaryAutor: Shimada Y.
Wydawca: Tuttle Company
Wydanie 1, 2016
Na stanie: 1 egz.
It's never a good idea to be overly-relient on technology while traveling! Look up words quickly and easily with this great travel-sized Japanese dictionary. Intended for use by tourists, students, and businesspeople traveling to Japan, Periplus Pocket Japanese Dictionary is an essential tool for communicating in Japanese and a great way to learn Japanese. It features all the essential Japanese vocabulary appropriate for beginning to intermediate students. It's handy pocket format and easy-to-read type will make any future trip to Japan much easier. In addition to being an excellent English to Japanese and Japanese to English dictionary, Pocket Japanese Dictionary contains important notes on the Japanese language, Japanese grammar and Japanese pronunciation. All Japanese words are written in the Romanized form as well as Japanese script (hiragana and katakana) and characters (kanji) so that in the case of difficulties, the book can simply be shown to the person the user is trying to communicate with. Designed for English speakers this Japanese dictionary contains: The 13,000 most commonly used words in the Japanese language The latest computer, mobile, internet and social media terms Romanized Japanese and Japanese script (kanji and kana) English-Japanese and Japanese-English sections An introduction to and history of the Japanese language Information on Japanese grammar A guide to pronouncing Japanese correctlyاین شما و این هم آموزش طرز تهیه ی سوپ ویشی سواز، یه سوپ کاملا آمریکایی مخصوص روزهای داغ تابستان! اصولا سوپ های سرد برای همچین روزهایی ساخته شدن. ویشی سواز یه سوپ سرد و خامه ای هستش که با سیب زمینی و تره فرنگی پخته میشه!
این سوپ رو تابستان سال 1917 یه آشپز آمریکایی توی ریتز کارلتون نیویورک برای اولین بار درست کرد تا بتونه مشتری هاش رو خنک کنه! سرآشپز لوئیس دیات اهل فرانسه بود، و به همین دلیل روی این سوپ یه اسم فرانسوی گذاشت. سعی نکنید این سوپ رو تو فرانسه از رستوران ها بخواین چون اونجا اصلا نمیتونید پیداش کنید، این یه سوپ آمریکاییه!
اون روزها سوپ های سرد بیشتر از الان محبوب بودن، مخصوصا تو دوران قبل از جنگ جهانی دوم که سیستم های خنک کننده مثل الان پیشرفته نبودن!
نسخه ی اصلی این سوپ خیلی خامه ایه، بنابراین ما سعی کردیم یکم سبکترش کنیم. پخت این سوپ خیلی آسونه، مواد مورد نیازش کمه و موندگاری خوبی هم داره.
نکته ی اصلی در مورد این سوپ اینه که اونو توی چه دمایی باید بخوریم؟ به نظر من بهترین دما برای خوردن این سوپ کمی پایین تر از دمای اتاقه، اگه خیلی سرد باشه مزه ی کره، سیب زمینی و نمک ناپدید میشن!
طرز تهیه:
1- توی یه قابلمه ی بزرگ (6 لیتری) کره رو با حرارت ملایم داغ کنید تا وقتی که آب بشه و کف بکنه. ذوب کردن کره رو ادامه بدین تا وقتی که کف ها ناپدید میشن و کره شروع میکنه به قهوه ای شدن. (همونطوری که تو شکل بالا می بینید.)
2- بلافاصله پیاز و تره فرنگی های خرد شده رو اضافه کنید. طوری به هم بزنید که کره روی سبزیجات رو بپوشونه. بزارین چندین دقیقه بپزن، اگه لازم بود شعله رو روی حالت ملایم بزارید، پختن رو تا وقتی ادامه بدین که پیاز و تره فرنگی ها شفاف و پژمرده بشن! (مطابق شکل پایین)
3- سیب زمینی، نمک و عصاره ی مرغ رو اضافه کنید. بزارین به جوش بیان و بعد با کم کردن شعله اجازه بدین قشنگ کل مواد توی عصاره بجوشن. در قابلمه رو ببندین و بزارین 30 الی 40 دقیقه بپزن، تا وقتی که سیب زمینی ها کاملا پخته بشن، الان میتونید اجاق گاز رو خاموش کنید!
4- با یه همزن برقی یا توی مخلوط کن موادمون رو به شکل پوره دربیارین. انقدر هم بزنید تا پوره ی ما کاملاً صاف بشه. اگه میخواین صاف تر و یه دست تر هم بشه میتونین مواد رو روی یه سطح پهن کنین و با کاردک اونا رو بمالید.
5- قبل از اضافه کردن خامه ها بزارین مخلوطمون یکم سرد بشه و بعد از اضافه کردن اونا سوپ رو بزارید توی یخچال تا کاملا خنک بشه، دمای سوپ وقتی که اون رو می خوریم باید چیزی حدود 18 درجه ی سانتی گراد یا 65 درجه ی فارنهایت باشه، اگه خیلی سرد بشه زیاد خوشمزه نمیشه!
میتونین برای مزه دار کردن نمک اضافه کنید، و با تکه های پیازچه هم میتونید سوپمون رو تزئین کنید.
نکته:
- وجترین ها میتونن به جای عصاره ی مرغ از 6 فنجان آب استفاده کنن!Color Education for Interior Designers: Is Josef Albers in the Curriculum?Author: Magdalena Sanchez-Dahl
Program: Master of Science in Interior Architecture, Chatham University
The purpose of this study is to determine 1) the importance of color education and 2) the extent of Josef Albers teachings, in interior design programs across the U.S. Albers focused his work in the instability and relativity of color (Dorosz & Watson, 2011). According to Albers, even within an unstable idea of color, effects can be predicted and controlled (Holtzschue, 2002). Are interior design students being trained to predict and control color effects through Albers teachings? Via an on-line survey, the study reached 19 color education professors in CIDA accredited interior design programs. Findings revealed that 1) Color class scored the lowest in terms of importance compared with other interior design courses. 2) The survey indicated that 68% of participants incorporated Albers teachings in their course, however only 45% used color-aid paper as working material. 3) Fifty three percent of color classes were combined with other important subjects, leaving limited time to establish a thorough understanding of color.An important type of milling publication was the journal. Milling journals grew in tandem with roller milling yet have been ‘relatively neglected’ and ‘hidden from general knowledge’ (Jones, p.1). They were a crucial part of daily life for a miller throughout the world. Before they started being regularly produced in the 1870’s, there had been ‘no regular and widespread method of communicating technical matters in the…milling industry’ (Jones, p.18). These new publications meant that communication and new ideas could be easily shared and allowed the miller to keep up to date with news and advancements in the industry. Following are the histories of some key journals: The Northwestern Miller; The Miller; Milling/Milling and Grain.Pandemi nedeniyle seyircisiz oynanan ve 23 Temmuz'da başlayan 2020 Tokyo Olimpiyat Oyunları, düzenlenen kapanış töreniyle sona erdi.
Olimpiyat Stadı'nda Kovid-19 salgını nedeniyle seyircisiz gerçekleşen törende tüm ülkelerin bayrakları sporcuları tarafından saha ortasına getirildi. Türk bayrağını oyunlarda altın madalya kazanan milli boksör Busenaz Sürmeneli taşıdı.
Daha sonra, müsabakaları bittikten sonra Tokyo'dan ayrılmayan sporcular sahaya çıkarak kapanış törenine katıldı.
Japon şarkıcı Milet'in minik bir konser verdiği tören, müzik, dans, sahne ve havai fişek gösterileriyle devam etti.
Tokyo'da görev yapan gönüllülere de plaket takdim edildi.
Bayrak Fransa'ya teslim edildi
Olimpiyat bayrağı oyunlar 2024'te Paris'te düzenleneceği için Fransa'ya teslim edildi.
Tokyo Valisi Yuriko Koike olimpiyat bayrağını Uluslararası Olimpiyat Komitesi (IOC) Başkanı Thomas Bach'e verdi. Bach ise bayrağı 2024 Olimpiyat Oyunları'na ev sahipliği yapacak Fransa'nın başkenti Paris'in belediye başkanı Anne Hidalgo'ya devretti.
Devir töreninden sonra Fransa'nın milli marşı çalındı ve Paris'in tanıtımı stadın ekranlarına yansıtıldı.
IOC Başkanı Thomas Bach, her kıtadan madalya alan sporcularla birlikte kürsüye çıkarak bir konuşma yaptı. Bach, sporun birleştirici gücüyle mücadele eden sporcuları tebrik ederek, "Pandeminin başlangıcından bu yana ilk defa bütün dünya bir araya geldi. Spor yine bunun merkezindeydi. Dünyanın her yerindeki milyarlarca insanın gözü buradaydı. Tokyo 2020 barışın oyunları oldu. Japon halkı, başardığınızla sonsuz gurur duyabilirsiniz. Bütün sporcular adına şunu söylüyorum, teşekkürler Tokyo, teşekkürler Japonya." ifadelerini kullandı.
Olimpiyat kapanış töreni, olimpiyat ateşinin söndürülmesiyle sona erdi. Ateş, 3 yıl boyunca 2024 Paris oyunlarına kadar yanmayacak.标志塔
台中
标志塔将高达300米，计划面积却仅为15 000平方米，并具有生态示范性的目的：这个目的似乎有些自相矛盾，因为建筑体量和设计内容之间的比例并不符合常态。在这种情况下，我们首先要努力寻找该项目的社会功能、赋予其意义，同时推荐一个使用尽可能少材料的提案。
于其矗立一个空壳，我们建议将高塔变成垂直公共空间，利用可以抵达山顶的螺旋坡道围绕核心桶而展开。整个廊道被大量支索遮盖，而这些支索是标志塔的组成部分。与传统立面系统相比，这样消耗的材料少得多。大量金色阳极氧化铝板被固定在支索上，形成一个对光和风的变化十分敏感的表层。坡道上铺设有钢筋混凝土板，其下设有压电传感器，这样的话，步行者的脚步产生的振动可以用于发电。登山是中国文化的一种体现。实际上，在道教文化中，山峰是纯洁与智慧的象征，是冥想的最佳地点。因此，山峰具有神秘色彩，而攀登并不只是一种运动，更是一种精神追求。因此，我们提供的三公里长的攀登路线似乎与当地文化完美融合。我们修建坡道的想法是具有可行性的：登山途中丰富多变的景色没有令游客丧失勇气，其效果恰恰相反。
竞赛 2012
客户 台中市政府
面积 15000 m²
环保 LEED, 压电效应运用
造价 160 M€
see alsoA diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease is currently dependent on an individual’s medical history, genetic risk factors, and performance on tests that measure memory, language, and reasoning impairments.
In a new review published in the journal Neuron, however, researchers suggest that navigational impairments such as how we sense our location and surroundings and give and follow directions, may be among the earliest signs of Alzheimer’s disease and could even lead to early diagnosis.
Unfortunately, age-related declines in navigational ability in both healthy individuals and in those with dementia have been understudied compared to aging’s effects on memory and learning.
“In humans, navigation is much more cumbersome to research than learning or memory,” said Dr. Thomas Wolbers, a neuroscientist specializing in aging and cognition at the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases.
“But it has such a dramatic impact on everyday life, and the key structures of the ‘navigational network’ in the brain are very sensitive to both ordinary healthy aging and pathological factors.”
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by sea, to Batavia (modern-day Jakarta), thereby ending 38 years of Dutch colonial rule in Taiwan, and formally establishing the first Han Chinese political rule in the history of Taiwan.
Koxinga: History and the legends -- 3
Opinions divided on the cause of death
The Dutch left Taiwan at the beginning of February, and Koxinga died at the end of June. There are many different explanations concerning his death, some say that it was because of his defeat at Nanjing in 1658, at the beginning of 1662, Prince Gui was betrayed by Wu Sangui, taken prisoner and killed, or because Koxinga's personality was harsh, and he was severe with his inferiors, and so many of his army deserted him. There is also the explanation that a false rumor (threat) reached the Philippines, that Koxinga was going to invade and take the Philippines, and local Chinese were acting as plants, which brought about a tragic massacre of Chinese people by the Spanish, and this made it hard for Koxinga to put his mind at rest. There's also the fact that his father, Zheng Zhilong, was sent into exile in the northeast, because his son had rebelled against the Qing, and at the end of 1661, he was put to death in Beijing, and the Qing court even sent people to desecrate his family's ancestral graves, all of which made Koxinga extremely upset and indignant. After Koxinga arrived in Taiwan, he left his eldest son, Zheng Jing, to guard Xiamen. Zheng Jing had an affair with his younger brother's wet nurse, a woman by the name of Chen, and this liaison produced a son. Koxinga was furious, and considered this behavior unpardonable, and he ordered an officer to go to Xiamen and kill this child. The officer unexpectedly disobeyed these orders, causing Koxinga great distress and anger, with the result that he fell ill and died. In actual fact, the real cause of his death was most likely contraction of malaria, because the Taiwan of those days was rife with contagious diseases, and malaria claimed countless lives. Koxinga died in his prime, and malaria must have been the fateful hand of death which took his life. The other stories described above are simply the exaggerated legends of a folk hero.
Deified figure: legends about Koxinga
Koxinga has become a sanctified historical figure in Taiwan, and so many legends concerning him abound in different places. For instance, fish and snails that Koxinga ate are called "Koxing-fish" and "Koxing-snails," and there is a village in Nantou called "Kuohshing Hsiang" ("Koxing-Village"). In Tsaotun Township, Taichung County, legend tells that Koxinga's army passed through that place, and rested a while there because of rain, and the mud which they shook off their straw shoes piled up to become the Straw Shoe Mound. At Tachiah in Taichung, there is a hill called Anvil Hill, with a well called the Sword Well. Legend says that Koxinga's army passed by, in need of drinking water, and Koxinga used the point of his sword to pierce open a well, from which sweet water gushed forth. In Ying-ko, in Taipei County, there is the Ying-ko Rock. The story behind this is that Koxinga's army passed through this place, where there was an old eagle who made mischief. The eagle was shot by a cannon and was turned into stone, and became the "Eagle Hill" in Sanhsia. In Keelung there is a Fairy Cave where, so the story goes, rice flowed out of the cave to feed Koxinga's army, but the soldiers became lazy and dug deeper into the cave, and the rice stopped flowing out. These tales reflect the fact that it was Koxinga who brought the Han Chinese to Taiwan, and Taiwanese people still see Koxinga as the original ancestor who opened up Taiwan, which is why he is known as the "sage king who opened up Taiwan," and worshiped as a deity. Taiwan has a total of 63 temples devoted to this "sage king," the most representative of which is Tainan's "Shrine of the Prince of Yanping Prefecture."
Edited by Tina Lee/ translated by Elizabeth Hoile
2001-04-30 / Staff Reporter /
return to : Zamboanga City Chavacano HistoryBy Richard Lane
A key feature problem in geological modelling is how to take scattered measurements and use these to make predictions at locations where there are no measurements. The data may be measurements on the surface, or samples taken from drilling, or channel samples taken while excavating. Figure 1 shows the basic problem. Solving this problem is fundamental to how Leapfrog software works, and it underpins the geological and mineralization models that are produced.
The basic process of estimating the value where there is no data is called interpolation. There are many well-known interpolation techniques, such as nearest neighbour, inverse distance weighting and radial basis functions. What is less well known is that the geostatistical procedure of Kriging can also be described as an interpolation procedure. When Kriging is implemented as an interpolation it is known as Dual Kriging, and its application in the mining industry has been known since the 1980’s.
This article is a non-rigorous description of the relationship between radial basis functions and Kriging and has been simplified in the interests of accessibility. For a more formal discussion of the relationship see the references provided at the end of the article.
Kriging in its simplest form estimates a value at a point as the weighted sum of the known samples, and the weights are determined mathematically by the distribution of the samples relative to the point an estimate is to be made. If we look at the simple example in Figure 2, the estimate is made by:
Clearly this can be used as a means of interpolation, because it’s possible to use the procedure to estimate at any arbitrary position where there is no data. The only problem is that when you make an estimate at another location you need to recalculate the weights, and this is a time consuming procedure.
It was noticed that it was possible to rearrange the Kriging equations in the following form:
This is a process known as dual Kriging. While this way of describing Kriging appears at first sight to be considerably more complicated than the simple sum of weighted samples, in reality it is also quite easy to understand.
The quantity describes how the sample located at position influences the estimated value throughout the nearby space. In this form is equivalent to the variogram. In this approach the weighted influences of all the samples are added to produce something which can be used to make a prediction at any location . A prediction made in this way produces the same result as one computed by using the traditional weighted sum of the samples. Figure 3 shows a 1 dimensional example of this approach.
So this leads to the obvious question, “If the answers are the same why bother with something that is harder to understand?” The answer is simply speed. Every time you make an estimate at a new position using the weighted sum of samples you have to recalculate the weights. With the dual approach where you sum the influences of the samples you only need to calculate the weights once.
Radial Basis Functions
Leapfrog uses Fast Radial Basis Functions as its primary computation engine. Effectively RBFs are a way of implementing dual Kriging, a fact noted by Matheron as far back as 1980. However, rather than solve the equations directly which is slow, Leapfrog uses advanced algorithms to find the dual Kriging weights and evaluate the estimates quickly. It’s not what Leapfrog solves that is different, it’s how it does it quickly.
The reason for using the radial basis function terminology in Leapfrog was originally based on technology built for laser scanning. It was only several years after the product started that the relationship with Kriging became clear.
Chiles J-P and Delfiner P, “Geostatistics Modelling Spatial Uncertainty”, Wiley Interscience, 1999, p 186
Dowd P A, “A review of geostatistical techniques for contouring”, NATA ASI Series, vol F17, Fundamental Algorithms for Computer Graphics. Edited by R.A. Earnshaw Springer Verlag..
Galli A. and Murillo E. “Dual Kriging – Its properties and its uses in direct contouring” Geostatistics for Natural Resources Characterization, NATO ASI Series C: Mathematical and Physical Sciences vol 122 part 2, Dodrecht, Holland, pp 621-634Plastic Kit - ABS Cement Required
The BM series of multiple rocket launchers was employed by the Soviet Union in World War II. They were known to the Soviet troops as “Katyusha” (the Soviet diminutive of ‘Katie’), because of the large ‘K’ that appeared on the rockets (which were manufactured at the Voronezh Komintern Factory). The M-13 rocket was one of the most common types that was fielded.
Multiple rocket launchers were intended to saturate a large area with high explosive. They could deliver a barrage more quickly than conventional artillery, but were less accurate and took longer to reload. They were also relatively cheap and easy to produce. However, they were vulnerable to counter-battery fire due to the large amount of smoke and dust generated when they were fired, which gave away their position.
The design was relatively simple, consisting of racks of parallel rails on which rockets were mounted, with a folding frame to raise the rails into launch position. The M-13 rocket was 80cm (2ft 7in) long, 13.2cm (5.2in) in diameter and weighed 2 kg (93lb). Katyushas were usually mounted on trucks. Each truck had 14 to 48 launchers, depending on the size of the vehicle.
Katyushas mounted on trucks could be redeployed quickly after being fired, and thus avoid the inevitable counter-battery fire. The Soviets tested several Lend-Lease truck types as the standard mount for the M-13 launcher, and chose the Studebaker US6 6x6 due to its robust construction and excellent cross-country capability. The weapon system was then standardised in 1943 as the BM-13N (“N” meaning “normalizovanniy” - ‘normalised’). 1,800 of this version were built. By the end of the war, total Katyusha production had reached about 10,000.
The Katyusha was greatly feared by German infantry. A battery of four BM-13 launchers could fire a salvo in 7–10 seconds that delivered 4.35 tons of high explosives over a 400,000-square-metre (4,300,000-sq-ft) impact zone, an effect roughly equivalent to that of 72 conventional guns. Katyusha batteries were often massed in very large numbers, with devastating effect. The distinctive howl of the rockets added to the psychological impact of the weapon. The Germans nicknamed the Katyusha “Stalinorgel” (“Stalin’s organ”), because of the launcher’s supposed resemblance to a church organ.
This highly detailed plastic kit depicts a BM-13N Katyusha, comprising a Studebaker US6 6x6 truck with a rotating and elevating rocket launcher.
- Single piece truck cabin
- Rotating & elevating rocket launcher
- Truck can be assembled without the launcher
- Driver figure included
Product Code: 280036
Number of Parts: 49 pieces / 3 sprues
£23.00 Regular PriceThe Funerary Stele of Heliodora, Astrologer by Roger S. Bagnall, Cathy Callaway, and Alexander Jones
In this article, the authors present the stele as an object, discuss the iconography and symbolism, and consider the significance of the exceptional string of epithets. This second to third century stele from Terenouthis (Kom Abu Billou), Egypt, commemorates a woman named Heliodora. The combination of adjectives with which she is described makes this a most unusual artifact and document. The epithet mathematikos was a well-established term for astrologer in the Roman period (likewise mathematicus in Latin) and perhaps the preferred term among astrologers themselves. So far as the authors are aware, this is the first known instance of a woman in the Greco-Roman world being designated an astrologer.
Visit here to read the full article.La società del presidente Percassi riporta a Bergamo dopo una sola stagione il centrocampista olandese, che ha voluto fortemente tornare a vestire i colori della "Dea".
L'Atalanta e Marten de Roon si ritrovano nuovamente insieme dopo una sola stagione, che aveva visto il centrocampista olandese approdare agli inglesi del Middlesbrough, dove sfortunatamente è retrocesso in Championship. La società bergamasca aveva ceduto il centrocampista nella la scorsa estate per ben 14 milioni di euro, ma il legame tra lui e l'Atalanta non si è mai interrotto.
L'olandese anche dall'Inghilterra seguiva in maniera appassionata le sorti dei bergamaschi, quindi il suo è stato un ritorno voluto fortemente come anche da parte della società. Il ritorno a Bergamo del giocatore ventiseienne è l'acquisto più caro della gestione Percassi, infatti l'operazione è costata 15 milioni compresi i bonus, anche de Roon però ha fatto un sacrificio pur di tornare a vestire la maglia della Dea, tagliandosi l'ingaggio.
Alla fine questo ritorno è stato voluto da parte di tutti e da ora anche il centrocampista può iniziare a scrivere pagine di storia della squadra bergamasca, protagonista quest'anno in Europa dopo ben 27 anni. Aver riportato de Roon all'Atalanta serve a colmare il vuoto a centrocampo lasciato dal giovane Kessie, ceduto al Milan.
©RIPRODUZIONE RISERVATAبه گزارش سرويس اقتصادي باشگاه خبرنگاران
به نقل از شبکه اطلاع رساني نفت و انرژي (شانا)، مدير گمرگ منطقه ويژه پارس با اعلام اين خبر افزود: اين ميزان ميعانات گازي در قالب 9 محموله به وزن بيش از يک ميليون و 300 هزار تن صادر شده است.
احمد پورحيدر ادامه داد: صادرات غيرنفتي و ميعانات گازي از پارس جنوبي به وزن حدود دو ميليون تن، بيش از يک ميليارد و500 ميليون دلار ارزش گذاري شده که در مقايسه با مدت مشابه سال گذشته، از نظر وزن و ارزش به ترتيب 14 و پنج درصد افزايش يافته است.
مدير گمرک منطقه ويژه پارس با اشاره به واردات کالاها و تجهيزات مورد نياز پارس جنوبي در مهر ماه گفت: 518 محموله به وزن 37 هزار تن به ارزش بيش از 238 ميليون دلار وارد اين منطقه شده است.
پوراحمد مجموع واردات را شامل واردات قطعي و پروژه اي با 537 محموله اعلام و تصريح کرد: در اين دوره زماني در مجموع 37 هزار و 443 تن انواع کالا به ارزش حدود 240 ميليون دلار وارد منطقه ويژه اقتصادي انرژي پارس شده است که در مقايسه با مدت مشابه سال گذشته از نظر وزن و ارزش به ترتيب 60 و هشت درصد افزايش نشان مي دهد./سBeden hareketleri konusunda genel bir sınıflandırma yapmaya çalışacağım.
Başlıca kaynaklarımı bu konuda okuduklarım ve tiyatro/performans ve dans ortamlarındaki gözlemlerim oluşturuyor. Bu sınıflandırmayı yapmaktaki amacım gösteri sanatlarında hareketten (özellikle danstan) söz ederken başvurabileceğimiz bir “çalışma şeması” oluşturabilmek. Bu sınıflandırmanın gösteri sanatlarıyla uğraşanlar için mevcut sınıflandırmalara göre daha kullanışlı olacağına inanıyorum.(*)
Konuya epeyce geniş bir açıdan girelim ve “beden hareketi nedir?” diye genel bir soru soralım.
“Hareket”in doğrudan fizikteki teknik tanımını kullanmanın bir zararı olmaz: bir cismin konumunun değişmesi. Yani, “beden hareketi” dediğimizde gövdeyi oluşturan birimlerin uzamda yerinin değişmesinden söz ediyoruz — buna göz kırpmak da, konuşmak da, yürümek de, el çırpmak da, burnunu çekmek de, kaşınmak da, birisiyle tokalaşmak da dahil.
Ben sınıflandırmaya (en azından buradaki amacımız açısından) beden hareketlerinin ne amaçla yapıldığını sorarak başlamak gerektiğine inanıyorum. Bunu sorunca da iletişim amacıyla, yani başka bir beynin (insan, hayvan, bilgisayar) görüp anlamlandırması için yapılan hareketle iletişim amacıyla yapılmayan hareket diye iki büyük kategori çıkıyor karşıma. (Buna “seyirlik hareket” ve “seyirlik olmayan hareket” de diyebiliriz.) Yani, aşağıdaki kategorileri hareketi yapan kişinin bilinçli ya da bilinçsiz “niyeti” açısından kurguluyorum.
Bir noktayı daha belirteyim: bu kategoriler arasında “ya o, ya bu” biçiminde bir karşıtlık yok; doğal olarak birbirleriyle örtüşebilirler, bir hareket aynı anda birden fazla kategoriye girebilir, vb.
[Aşağıdaki tabloyu ikinci bir sayfa olarak açmak isterseniz: Beden Hareketleri Tablosu]
I. İletişim amaçlı olmayan (izlenmek için yapılmayan) beden hareketleri
I.A. Bedenin rahatlaması/sağlığı için (spor dahil) ya da fizyolojik gereksinimler nedeniyle yapılan hareketler (auto-manipulative)
Oturmak, yatmak, kalkmak, saçını düzeltmek, gerinmek, yemek, kolunu kaşımak, tikler gibi bedenin rahatlaması ya da gereksinimlerinin karşılanması amacıyla yapılan hareketlerin tümü.
Ve dans (?)
Yukardaki soru işaretinin anlamı şu: Eğer bedenimize ritmik, tekrarlı ve çoğunluğunun iletişimsel kodu olmayan hareketler yaptırmayı (genellikle eşit aralıklı sesler eşliğinde) asal (primal) ve fizyolojik bir gereksinim olarak kabul ediyorsak, o zaman dansı da buraya yerleştirmemiz gerekir. Ama dans her zaman için izlensin diye yapılır diyenler de var (örneğin, Darwin). Eğer öyleyse, dansın bu başlığın altından çıkması gerekir.
I.B. “İş” hareketleri (task moves, practical actions)
Bir süreci gerçekleştirebilmek için gerekli hareketler: bir nesneyi bir yerden başka bir yere taşımak, bir noktadan başka bir noktaya yürümek, evi süpürmek, kal
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. “
Tender Essence has audited all of their suppliers and is officially vegan and cruelty-free; they’ve even had the business PETA approved.
“We know that there’s a growing number of vegetarian, vegan and cruelty-free-aware shoppers out there. By ensuring that your products are ethical and animal-friendly you’ll attract these customers, as well as the main bonus of protecting innocent animals.
“Becoming animal-friendly is the best decision we ever made. We now have a great following of fans that we’ve built a relationship with based on the fact that we can deliver ethical products.“
How going green works for the business
Harry believes that there’s a growing percentage of shoppers that are interested in protecting the environment. And, for those customers that aren’t specifically interested, their green credentials don’t put them off making a purchase.
"Enough of our customers choose us over our competitors because we’re environmentally friendly and cruelty-free."
However, maintaining a green, ethical standard does impose certain limitations on the business:
“Due to the ethical policies that we stick to we can’t and don’t sell everything that our rivals sell. For example, Sandalwood oil is farmed to extinction, and buttermilk soap is derived from animal products, so neither of them are available from us but you can get them from our competitors.
“We don’t see this as a disadvantage though, we know that enough of our customers choose us over our competitors because we’re environmentally friendly and cruelty-free. Instead of thinking about the customers you might lose by removing or replacing a few products, think about the customers that you’ll gain - you’ll also improve confidence in your brand.’
Harry sells essential oils on eBay, Shopify and Etsy, and uses Zenstores to manage his orders across all three channels, print Royal Mail shipping labels and dispatch his orders. Find out more about how Zenstores could help your ecommerce business save time and money here.Research about Victorian botanical illustrator Anne Pratt turns into a Beatrix Potter book binding mystery…
Anne Pratt was born in 1806 and, suffering from poor health as a child, spent most of her time indoors studying instead of pursuing outdoor activities with other children. Viewed as a somewhat lonely child, a friend of the family introduced Anne to botany whilst her older sister collected various flowers and plants for her, instilling a love of the subject from an early age which would carry on to the end of her life.
She moved to Brixton in 1826 and her first book, Flowers and their Associations, was published a couple of years later in 1828, proving to be a financial success. This led to her becoming one of the finest and most popular botanical illustrators of the time, producing around 20 books, including the five-volume Flowering Plants, Grasses, Sedges and Ferns of Great Britain (1855-66), and popularising botany through her easily accessible work and captivating illustrations.
Unfortunately, as is often the case with female botanical illustrators, Anne’s work was criticized for supposedly not being scientific or accurate enough, with one critic stating that her work was ‘meager and incomplete’, whilst an art historian wrote in 1950 that ‘the drawings which illustrate her book are her own work, though in their published form no doubt owe a great deal to the artists of the firm W. Dickes and Co. who redrew them on stones’. Apparently the only basis for these remarks was that Anne was a self-taught woman and therefore not a trained ‘professional’, despite the fact that she clearly demonstrated a vast knowledge, passion, and talent for botany and illustration.
Although dismissed and underappreciated by some, Anne appears to have had an overall successful and happy life, eventually settling in Shepherd’s Bush with her husband where she practiced plant therapy and wrote flower lore for contemporary women’s magazines. She passed away in 1893 at the age of 87.
The first book of Anne’s that I encountered in RBGE’s library was The Poisonous, Noxious, and Suspected Plants of Our Fields and Woods, an intriguing book published in 1857 with POISONOUS PLANTS embossed on the spine and filled with illustrations and information about toxic plants.
Feeling disappointed that I had never heard of Anne before, I looked through the rest of her books held in the library’s collection to gather some ideas and inspiration for producing a blog post, hoping to highlight the different editions of books owned by RBGE and showcase examples of her work.
It was in one of these books that I found the recognisable image of another botanical illustrator hidden inside:
I was trying to take photos of a 1902 edition of Wild Flowers, published by the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, when the pages fell forward and I caught a glimpse of Beatrix Potter’s Mrs. Tittlemouse staring back at me. It took a few seconds for my brain to establish that this image was in the wrong book and I wasn’t just imagining things and, on closer inspection, I realised that it was bound alongside the title page for ‘The Tale of Mrs. Tittlemouse’, as well as the title page for ‘The Tale of Mr. Tod’.
One of the many joys of books is the weird and wonderful things you can find inside when you’re least expecting it, and I certainly wasn’t expecting to find Beatrix Potter title pages bound inside the back of Anne’s book on wildflowers, let alone any book on wildflowers!
A written annotation dated June 23rd 1904 from ‘Annie & Samuel’ to their cousin on her eleventh birthday could be a potential clue, but Mrs. Tittlemouse and Mr. Tod weren’t published until 1910 and 1912 respectively, so it’s doubtful that the pages were specially bound in as an extra surprise for the child’s birthday.
There’s also the obvious connection of both Anne and Beatrix being botanical illustrators, born 60 years apart, but the clearest link I can see between the two is that Frederick Warne & Co., Beatrix Potter’s publisher, also published some of Anne Pratt’s books. I initially thought that Frederick Warne & Co. bound the images inside the book as some sort of advertisement, but this particular edition of Wild Flowers was printed by a different publisher eight years prior to the publication of Mrs. Tittlemouse.
I love a mystery, and I’d love to discover more about this unique and special book, so if anyone has an inkling, a suggestion, or can immediately solve the case, then please let me know. I’m not an expert on Beatrix Potter, nor do I know all the details about the publication history of her books, but maybe the answer is glaringly obvious to someone who has studied her. Alternatively, perhaps someone was simply practicing their bookbinding skills and happened to have the pages at hand. In any case, I think there’s something really wonderful about Anne and Beatrix, two highly successful illustrators and lovers of botany, being brought together in this way, and it would be really wonderful to find out who was behind it all.
If you would like to learn more about female botanical illustrators such as Anne Pratt, Women of Flowers: A Tribute to Victorian Women Illustrators by Jack Kramer (1996) is a good place to start and helped provide a lot of the information for this blog post.
This article was amended on 2 April 2019 to correct a sentence which wrongly suggested that the Beatrix Potter title pages were first editions.How hard are the puzzles involved in mining? Well, that depends on how much effort is being put into mining across the network. The difficulty of the mining can be adjusted, and is adjusted by the protocol every 2016 blocks, or roughly every 2 weeks. The difficulty adjusts itself with the aim of keeping the rate of block discovery constant. Thus if more computational power is employed in mining, then the difficulty will adjust upwards to make mining harder. And if computational power is taken off of the network, the opposite happens. The difficulty adjusts downward to make mining easier.
Bitcoin mining is the process through which bitcoins are released to come into circulation. Basically, it involves solving a computationally difficult puzzle to discover a new block, which is added to the blockchain, and receiving a reward in the form of few bitcoins. The block reward was 50 new bitcoins in 2009; it decreases every four years. As more and more bitcoins are created, the difficulty of the mining process – that is, the amount of computing power involved – increases. The mining difficulty began at 1.0 with Bitcoin's debut back in 2009; at the end of the year, it was only 1.18. As of April 2017, the mining difficulty is over 4.24 billion. Once, an ordinary desktop computer sufficed for the mining process; now, to combat the difficulty level, miners must use faster hardware like Application-Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC), more advanced processing units like Graphic Processing Units (GPUs), etc.
Legal Gray Area. Major governments have largely remained on the sidelines, and this has created both a sense of potential and apprehension for Bitcoin proponents and critics respectively. Bitcoin isn’t backed by a regulatory agency and a government would technically be ceding power by supporting a decentralized currency. This has been largely officially unaddressed. Bitcoin’s price, however, tends to be very sensitive to any news concerning the US government’s opinion of cryptocurrencies. For example, when the SEC denied the approval of bitcoin-based exchange-traded-products—essentially bitcoin-backed assets on the stock market—in 2017, Bitcoin’s price dropped 18%. Yet while the price and adoption of Bitcoin would be affected by government action, governments are unable to criminalize Bitcoin. In fact, governments such as the United States and China have invested in it at some capacity.
The first wallet program, simply named Bitcoin, and sometimes referred to as the Satoshi client, was released in 2009 by Satoshi Nakamoto as open-source code. In version 0.5 the client moved from the wxWidgets user interface toolkit to Qt, and the whole bundle was referred to as Bitcoin-Qt. After the release of version 0.9, the software bundle was renamed Bitcoin Core to distinguish itself from the underlying network.
Client-side encryption means all of your data is encrypted on your device before any of your information touches the servers. Once your account and everything in it has been encrypted, we automatically back it up. We can’t access your assets or any other information in any usable form but if anything happens to your device, you can just download the Edge app on a new device, enter your username and password and your assets are right where you left them.
Nor was it simply the deep pockets. At these prices, even smaller operators have been able to make real money running a few machines in home-based, under-the-radar mines. Take the 20-something Wenatchee man we’ll call “Benny”—he didn’t want to be identified—who last July bought three mining servers, set them up in his house (one in the master bedroom and two in the living room)—and began mining Ethereum, bitcoin’s closest cryptocurrency rival. As Ethereum climbed from $165 in July to nearly $1,200 in January, Benny had not only repaid his $7,000 investment but was making enough to pay his mortgage. As a side benefit, this winter, Benny’s power bill went down: The waste heat from the three churning servers kept the house at a toasty 78 degrees. “We actually have to open the windows,” he told me in January. His servers, meanwhile, pretty much run themselves—although, when he’s at work, clerking at a grocery, he monitors the machines, and the Ethereum price, on his phone. “It’s just basically free money,” Benny says. “All I have to do is wake up in the morning and make sure nothing crashed during the night.”
Let’s start with what it’s not doing. Your computer is not blasting through the cavernous depths of the internet in search of digital ore that can be fashioned into bitcoin bullion. There is no ore, and bitcoin mining doesn’t involve extracting or smelting anything. It’s called mining only because the people who do it are the ones who get new bitcoins, and because bitcoin is a finite resource liberated in small amounts over time, like gold, or anything else that is mined. (The size of each batch of coins drops by half roughly every four years, and around 2140, it will be cut to zero, capping the total number of bitcoins in circulation at 21 million.) But the analogy ends there.
It would seem even early collaborators on the project don’t have verifiable proof of Satoshi’s identity. To reveal conclusively who Satoshi Nakamoto is, a definitive link would need to be made between his/her activity with Bitcoin and his/her identity. That could come in the form of linking the party behind the domain registration of bitcoin.org, email and forum accounts used by Satoshi Nakamoto, or ownership of some portion of the earliest mined bitcoins. Even though the bitcoins Satoshi likely possesses are traceable on the blockchain, it seems he/she has yet to cash them out in a way that reveals his/her identity. If Satoshi were to move his/her bitcoins to an exchange today, this might attract attention, but it seems unlikely that a well-funded and successful exchange would betray a customer's privacy.
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Heat Shields: The layout of the mining racks is being reconfigured to maintain a cool side and a hot side. The machines are set up on a single rack that traverses the entire length of the warehouse. The fans are aligned to shoot hot air out behind the machines into the hot side of the warehouse, and a barrier is set up to keep the air from circulating back.
The first set of data you will want to use for discovering if Bitcoin mining can be profitable for you or not is the following but not limited to: cost of Bitcoin ASIC miner(s), cost of electricity to power miner (how much you are charged per kwh), cost of equipment to run the miner(s), cost of PSU (power supply unit), cost of network gear, cost of internet access, costs of other supporting gear like shelving, racks, cables, etc., cost of building or data center if applicable. Continue Reading ➞
The Cool Wallet also handles quite well when compared to other cold storage devices. Further, it has a very unique approach to passphrases compared with the norms for other hardware wallets. This device generates random 20 random numbers, as opposed to words, and even gives you the option to have them sent to one of your devices. Still, it is highly advisable to simply write them down instead.
Bitcoin prices saw tremendous activity during 2017, rising several thousand percent over the year. The market has seen some volatility, although many of the dips seen in the cryptocurrency have thus far proven to be good buying opportunities. This trend may or may not continue, but given the outlook for Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies, the trend could potentially remain higher for a long time to come.
The difficulty is the measure of how difficult it is to find a new block compared to the easiest it can ever be. The rate is recalculated every 2,016 blocks to a value such that the previous 2,016 blocks would have been generated in exactly one fortnight (two weeks) had everyone been mining at this difficulty. This is expected yield, on average, one block every ten minutes.
Before even starting out with Bitcoin mining, you need to do your due diligence. The best way to do this, as we’ve discussed, is through the use of a Bitcoin mining calculator. Bear in mind that mining costs money! If you don’t have a few thousand dollars to spare on the right miner, and if you don’t have access to cheap electricity, mining Bitcoin might not be for you.
You’ll need a Bitcoin wallet in which to keep your mined Bitcoins. Once you have a wallet, make sure to get your wallet address. It will be a long sequence of letters and numbers. Each wallet has a different way to get the public Bitcoin address, but most wallets are pretty straightforward about it. Notice that you’ll need your PUBLIC Bitcoin address and not your private key (which is like the secret password for your wallet).
Bitcoin mining is competitive and the goal is that you want to solve or “find” a block before anyone else’s miner does. Then you will get the block reward and transaction fees from the block. During the last several years we have seen an incredible amount of hashrate coming online which made it harder to have enough hashrate personally (individually) to solve a block, thus getting the payout reward. To compensate for this pool mining was developed.
Cryptojacking and legitimate mining, however, are sensitive to cryptocurrency prices, which have declined sharply since their highs in late 2017 and early 2018. According to a McAfee September 2018 threats report, cryptojacking instances “remain very active,” but a decline in the value of cryptocurrencies could lead to a plunge in coin mining malware, just as fast as it emerged.
Apart from being an intriguing mystery, this has real-world ramifications. u/Sick_Silk believes that the movement of funds may be at least partially responsible for the recent price decline seen in August, and whether that’s true or not, it’s certainly the case that 0.52% of the entire supply of Bitcoin is more than enough to seriously manipulate or destabilize the market. Indeed, the funds are already worth around $80 million less since the report went public.
Malachi Salcido: The Local Talent Salcido, a Wenatchee native and building contractor, studied other miners before launching his own bitcoin operation in 2014. He’s now one of the biggest miners in the basin, and has worked hard to convince the community that bitcoin and the blockchain could transform the region into a technology hub. “What you can actually do with the technology, we’re only beginning to discover,” says Salcido, pictured above in one of his mines. The basin is “building a platform that the entire world is going to use.” | Patrick Cavan Brown for Politico Magazine
Due to the widespread proliferation of the internet and mobile devices, more people in the developing world now have access to web services. It therefore follows that the number of Bitcoin users should increase as a result. Citizens who find it inconvenient to access traditional banking services will seek out virtual systems such
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15'inde görücüye çıkaracağı aracı üzerindeki son ayarlamaları yaparken, Grosjean'da Barcelona testlerine simülatör aracılığıyla hazırlanıyor.
Grosjean'ın ilk izlenimleri olumlu yönde
Grosjean: "İlk başta frenleme esnasında enerji kazanımı, gazlama tepkisi gibi birçok küçük teknik problem olsa da aldığım his oldukça iyi."
"Her şey halledildikten sonra iyi sonuçlar almak için yeterli bir aracımız olacak."
Grosjean simülatör ile aracı kullanırken hissedecekleri arasında büyük farklar olabileceğinin farkında.
Fransız pilot: "Simülatör sadece bir rehber ama aracın temelinin oldukça iyi olduğunu düşünüyorum."
"Rüzgar tüneli için simülatörde ve gerçekteki hesaplamalar arasında büyük farklılıklar vardı."
"Örneğin Lotus'da aracın pistteki performansı ile pist üzerindeki performansı inanılmaz derecede farklıydı."
2016 sezonunda Grosjean'ın Haas F1 Takımındaki takım arkadaşı Esteban Gutierrez olacak. Genç Gutierrez ile tecrübeli Grosjean arasındaki mücadele bu sezonun ilgi çekici yanlarından biri olacak.
Önceki haber
Wehrlein Manor F1'in koltuğunu kaptı
Sonraki haber
Maldonado 'F1'den ayrılışım benim için büyük sürpriz oldu'Gut Health in Diabetes: It’s What's Inside that Matters
Ryan Bradley, ND, MPH September 2006
The gastrointestinal tract, frequently referred to less appealingly as the “gut”, is a complex, finely regulated ecosystem that involves the coordination of the nervous system; multiple organs including the stomach, the pancreas, the liver, and the intestines; and the presence of healthy bacteria that aid our digestion and immune system.
Few health care providers place as much emphasis on digestion and gut as do integrative medicine providers. This emphasis comes from a long held belief that optimal nutrition, digestion, and elimination are cornerstones to good health and long life.
Nutrition refers to the quality of foods that consumed and includes both the macronutrient content of food, e.g. carbohydrates vs. fats vs. proteins, as well as the micronutrient content of foods, e.g. chromium, zinc, vitamin B12, etc.
Digestion refers to our ability to break down food and absorb the nutrients properly.
Elimination includes our internal detoxification pathways, sweating, and our urination and bowel patterns.
The Complex World of Digestion
Digestion is quite complex and involves many separate steps including chewing, the production of saliva which begins breaking down food in the mouth, the production of stomach acid known called hydrochloric acid, the production and secretion of digestive enzymes mostly from the stomach and pancreas, and the transport of digested food through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, i.e. the intestines and colon.
Absorption of nutrients is also a multi-step process and includes the breakdown of food by the stomach acid and enzymes, modification of food by the normal bacteria in our intestines and colon, and finally passing nutrients through the gut wall and into the blood stream.
Many people have poor digestion due to stress, poor food choices, food sensitivities, increased consumption of alcohol, and the use of some medications (e.g. antibiotics and acid-suppressive medications). People with diabetes are even more likely to have impairments in this vital function because of long-term blood sugar elevations- and here’s why…
Digestive Impairment in Diabetes
When the blood sugar becomes too high in the blood stream it begins to stick to cells and other structures in the body causing harm. Among the most affected tissues are the small blood vessels that carry oxygen and nutrients to the nerve fibers; this damage is called neuropathy and can occur on any nerve fiber in the body.
Nerve fibers control our sensations, our motions, and many processes we are not aware of - including digestion! Nerves from the brain regulate digestion very carefully and control the production of stomach acid, the release of digestive enzymes, and how rapidly food passes through the GI tract. If neuropathy occurs on the nerves that control digestion, reductions in hydrochloric acid and digestive enzymes can occur, impairing normal digestion and thus absorption.
Also, if stomach acid production is reduced, bacteria that cannot normally live in the small intestine begin to grow. This abnormal gut “flora” causes changes in the normal breakdown of food and is known as small bowel bacterial overgrowth (SBBO). Fermentation can result and produce excess gas, impaired absorption, and cramping. These bacteria can actually begin to use the nutrients that you are supposed to be absorbing!
Finally, the changes in gut flora and the results of fermentation in the bowel can lead to the absorption of incompletely digested proteins and carbohydrates. Theories differ on how the next phase actually occurs, but the predominant theory is that this “malabsorption” may stimulate abnormal immune system responses to food leading to the production of antibodies. Antibodies are used by our immune systems to differentiate foreign substances from normal tissues; normally we do not develop antibodies to our food. Sometimes these immune responses are called “food allergies”, however I prefer “food sensitivities” because these reactions are different than a bee sting allergy or a peanut allergy.
Just Theory or Science?
As frequent readers know, I am hopeful and inquisitive but also skeptical and therefore frequently turn to published science to debunk or support popular myths. The impact of diabetes on digestive health has not been thoroughly studied, but there are a few publications that support the theories described above.
Migdalis et al. demonstrated reductions in gastric emptying in diabetic patients with autonomic neuropathy; symptoms such as sensations of fullness and early satiety are signs of neuropathy (Migdalis et al., Clin Auton Res. 2001). Gaur and colleagues discovered that autonomic nerve dysfunction leads to paralysis of the gall bladder in patients with diabetes, leading to gallstone formation. The gall bladder is also a storehouse for bile acids needed to absorb fats and fat-soluble vitamins (Gaur et al. J Assoc Physicians India. 2000). Kostic and Secen measured pancreatic enzyme secretion in diabetic subjects following a high-protein meal and found significantly reduced enzyme secretion in those with symptoms of neuropathy (Kostic and Secen. Med Pregl. 1996).
Virally-Monod and colleagues measured the number of people with diabetes who have SBBO and found 43% were positive for SBBO when tested (Virally-Monod et al. Diabetes Metab.1998). Virally-Monod describes the consequences of SBBO as including chronic diarrhea; impaired function of bile; fat, vitamin, and micronutrient malabsorption; and worsening of gut motility problems.
According to Zietz and colleagues, gastrointestinal symptoms are present in 50-70% of people with diabetes with delayed gastric emptying and decreased mobility being the most common symptoms; they found 34% of people with diabetes tested positive for SBBO (Zietz et al. Diabetes Care. 2000). Flatulence (gas) and chronic diarrhea were the most consistent symptoms in those who tested positive. They also found the presence of autonomic neuropathy more consistently in those with SBBO.
How Do I Know if I Have Autonomic Neuropathy or Small Bowel Bacterial Overgrowth (SBBO)?
Some degree of autonomic neuropathy is quite common in people with diabetes. Low et al. found that 73% of people with diabetes have some degree of autonomic neuropathy (Low et al. Diabetes Care. 2004). Testing should be discussed with your endocrinologist, cardiologist, or diabetes specialist if you have unexplained chronic diarrhea, frequent heart palpitations, dizziness upon standing rapidly from sitting or lying, or unexplained urinary incontinence (inability to control or hold urine).
It is difficult to definitely prove the presence of SBBO in all people, however some testing is available. Testing includes hydrogen breath testing and sophisticated stool cultures. Hydrogen breath testing is not available everywhere but most regions have at least one hospital or medical clinic that performs the testing. Normal stool culturing is unlikely to discover SBBO, but more sophisticated testing called Comprehensive Digestion and Stool Analysis (CDSA) testing is available through some labs. CDSA testing often checks for less common bacteria, tests for abnormal digestion products from foods, and also tests for markers of inflammation in the gut.
Testing aside, your symptoms may give the best insight. If you have peripheral neuropathy, i.e. pain in your feet or legs and/or lack of sensation, it is likely autonomic neuropathy is present also. If you have improved your diet to be more whole foods based, (i.e. fresh fruits and vegetables, whole grains, legumes, and lean meats) and yet frequent diarrhea, bloating, fullness after meals and gas remain, then an assessment and treatment to improve digestion and eliminate SBBO may be indicated.
What Can I do to Prevent and Treat SBBO?
The best prevention for both autonomic neuropathy and SBBO is achieving good blood sugar control! Following your doctors recommendations on medications, checking your blood sugar frequently, and following a healthy lifestyle of daily activity, stress management, and eating a healthy diet rich in fresh, whole foods are critical steps to good blood sugar control.
Identifying food sensitivities may also help the symptoms of SBBO, but will not cure the problem. Food sensitivities can be detected by one of several ways. The best way to definitively identify your food sensitivities is to undergo a structured elimination and challenge diet. This diet includes 2-3 weeks on a restricted diet eliminating the most common foods and chemicals to which people are sensitive. Following the elimination phase, individual foods are challenged. The challenge phase lasts another 1-2 weeks. It is best to have some physician assistance while going through this elimination diet because it can be difficult to follow and having support and reassurance is helpful along the way. Logging your symptoms and any reactions in a food diary can also be helpful during the process. While 4-5 weeks may seem like a long time, it is really quite short compared to the rest of your life!! Most naturopathic physicians and many dieticians will be eager to guide your through this process.
Blood testing that measures antibodies to food is also available, and although controversial and somewhat expensive, my experience is that patients who follow the results of their testing have significant improvements in symptoms! In fact, although not performed in people with diabetes, patients with irritable bowel syndrome who avoided reactive foods discovered on food antibody testing led to improvement in symptoms of pain, bloating, quality of life, and bowel satisfaction suggesting value in this testing and treatment approach (Zar et al. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2005).
If neuropathy is already present, vitamin B12 and alpha-lipoic acid have both demonstrated success in clinical trials for autonomic neuropathy and may be worth discussing with your complementary medicine provider (Taniguchi et al. Clin Ther. 1987; Sun et al. Acta Neuro Taiwan. 2005; Tankova et al. Rom J Int Med.2004; Ziegler et al. Diabetes Care. 1997).
If SBBO is suspected, optimization of stomach acidity and availability of digestive enzymes is critical; this can be accomplished through supplementation. Acid-suppressing medications, including over-the-counter antacids and drugs like Zantac®, should be avoided as suppression of stomach acid is known to contribute to SBBO (Lewis et al. Aliment Pharmacol Ther.1996). If a stomach ulcer and/or reflux is present, the avoidance of trigger foods, weight loss, stress management and other possible treatments should be discussed with your provider prior to stopping any medication.
Supplements which improve SBBO include fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS), probiotics like Lactobaccilus, peppermint and/or oregano oil (available in enteric coated capsules), and herbal digestive bitters.
Gut health in diabetes is complex and is impacted by the diet, blood sugar, the nervous system, the degree of stomach acidity, the availability of proper digestive enzymes, and having the normal bacterial flora. Symptoms of neuropathy and small bowel bacterial overgrowth (SBBO) are common in people with diabetes and include flatulence (gas) cramping, and chronic diarrhea. Testing and treatment is available for both SBBO and neuropathy. Since assessment and treatment of SBBO is not a routine part of conventional medical assessment in diabetes, a complementary provider may be a better source of information, assessment, and treatment.Last Updated on July 29, 2019, by eNotes Editorial. Word Count: 194
1. Twain's story was first written as a letter, a style referred to as epistolary. Other examples of epistolary works are Bram Stoker's Dracula (1897) and Alice Walker's The Color Purple (1982). Discuss the impact of the epistolary form on the narrative and the reader's interest in a work.
2. Research what life—particularly life in a mining camp—was like in California at the time Twain wrote this tale. Discuss what you learn about camp life in relation to Twain's depiction of it in "Jumping Frog" and in stories such as Bret Harte's "The Luck of Roaring Camp" (1868).
3. Tall tales and folk tales traditionally have been used to present nontraditional ideas about society. Examine the social and political messages found in Joel Chandler Harris's "Br'er Rabbit" stories and compare them to this story.
4. Compare Twain's use of satire with that of Jonathan Swift in his "A Modest Proposal" (1729). What and who do these stories satirize?
5. Compare this tale to Twain's other travel sketches or humorous writings. Discuss their similarities and differences.
6. Find out more about the real Daniel Webster and Andrew Jackson. How does your understanding of their personalities enhance the humor and meaning of the story?
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Chronicling America -- this site from the Library of Congress allows you to search and view American newspaper pages from 1880-1922 and find information about American newspapers published between 1690-present.
C-SPAN Archives -- records, indexes, and archives all C-SPAN programming aired since 1987, now totaling over 160,000 hours. All C-SPAN programs since 1993 are digital and can be viewed online for free.
New Deal Network -- a research and teaching resource devoted to the public works, public policies, and arts projects of the New Deal.
Online Archive of California -- free public access to detailed descriptions of primary source collections (artwork, manuscripts, papers, historic photographs, and so on) maintained by more than 200 libraries, special collections, archives, historical societies, and museums throughout California.
Presidential Recordings Program -- between 1940 and 1973, six American presidents from both political parties--FDR, Truman, Eisenhower, JFK, LBJ, and Nixon--secretly recorded on tape just under 5,000 hours of their meetings and telephone conversations. This site contains those files.
UCLA On Line Campaign Literature Archive -- printed ephemeral election materials, and copies of websites, distributed and developed by campaigns for local, state, and federal offices and ballot measures affecting the Los Angeles area.
Voices of Democracy -- a project is designed to promote the study of great speeches and public debates. The emphasis of the project is on the actual words of those who, throughout American history, have defined the country's guiding principles, debated the great social and political controversies of the nation's history, and shaped the identity and character of the American people.
Women and Social Movements in the United States, 1600-2000 -- a resource site organized around the history of women in social movements in the U.S. The collection includes more than 90 document projects or archives and 2,800 documents and 125,000 pages of additional full-text sources, written by more than 2,240 primary authors. It also includes book, film, and website reviews, notes from the archives, and teaching tools.
100 Milestone Documents
-- a list of 100 milestone documents, compiled by the National Archives
and Records Administration, and drawn primarily from its nationwide
holdings. The documents chronicle United States history from 1776 to
Core Documents of U.S Democracy -- core group of current and historical Government publications that define our democratic society.
National Archives and Records Administration -- official agency site that allows searching of holdings by federal government organization, media, location, and topics.
United States Historical Census Data -- data presented here describe the people and the economy of the US for each state and county from 1790 to 1960.
U.S. Congressional Documents and Debates 1774-1873 -- consists of a linked set of published congressional records of the United States of America from the Continental Congress through the 43rd Congress, 1774-1875.
Biographical Directory of the United States Congress -- contains brief biographies of all members of current and former members of Congress (including the Continental Congress) as well as bibliographies and the locations of their papers.Sabah saatlerinde geldikleri AVM'de uzun süre alışveriş yapan Atakan Arslan, bir an olsun oğlunu kucağından indirmedi.
Kendisine yöneltilen sorulara cevap veren milli sporcu, "16 Şubat'ta Eskişehir'de yapılacak olan kemer müsabakasına odaklandım. Aklımda sadece o var" dedi.
Atakan Arslan, kendisi gibi Survivor şampiyonluğu bulunan Ogeday Girişken ile ilgili olarak ise "Survivor bana bir çok şey kattı. Bunların başında da Ogeday geliyor. İyi bir dost kazandım" şeklinde konuştu. (cadde)这是一场没有计划的短途旅行，但是我们非常喜欢这里平静的河流和美丽的大坝。这里的水和戏水的家禽都让人着...
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Galt很漂亮，有那么多漂亮的老房子，有那么多的人物，而且我相信那些传奇的过去，但每次我去看那里的家...
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完善详情页
我和我的家人在高尔特长大，那是一个非常适合居住的地方。但是时代变了，当地人也变了。我们过去常开玩笑说，布兰特福德是厕所，现在是高尔特(市中心)。它已经成了剑桥的粪堆。为了我们的妈妈，我还得一个月回去两三次。除此之外，没有理由再回来(太糟糕了)。
这是一场没有计划的短途旅行，但是我们非常喜欢这里平静的河流和美丽的大坝。这里的水和戏水的家
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karşı çıkanları bertaraf etmek, ellerini kollarını bağlamak için geliştirdiği bir formülasyondu. Bugün için artık bir anlamı bulunmuyor. Anlamı olsa bile aktardığımız şekilde yeniden aslına uygun ifadelendirilmesi ve halk kitlelerine öyle aktarılması ve işlenmesi gerekmektedir.
Tabi bir de İslam'ın esaslarının bu şekilde özlü bir şekilde bir takım şartlarla izah edilmesi öğrenme kolaylı bakımındandır. Yoksa İslam'ın bütün hükümlerinin bunlardan ibaret olduğu anl----- gelmez. Ancak "Söyle bakalım..." diye bilgiç bir edayla sorduğumuz şeyi bile doğru öğretememişiz... Varın gerisinin ne halde olacağını siz düşünün...
İHSAN ELİAÇIK
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Sponsorlu BağlantılarYour company is selling toys online and ship globally. The business is supported by an E-Commerce system developed in-house and deployed to a public cloud with the Platform as a Service (PaaS). Your company collects customer data for the purpose of billing and shipping. As a security professional, you are identifying the role of your company and applicable laws and regulations in terms of privacy. Which of the following best describes the role of your company?
A. Data Owner
B. Data Custodian
C. Data Controller
D. Personally Identifiable Information (PII) Principal
Kindly be reminded that the suggested answer is for your reference only. It doesn’t matter whether you have the right or wrong answer. What really matters is your reasoning process and justifications.
My suggested answer is C. Data Controller.
Controller vs. Processor
GDPR Article 4 defines data controllers and data processors as below:
(7) ‘controller’ means the natural or legal person, public authority, agency or other body which, alone or jointly with others, determines the purposes and means of the processing of personal data; where the purposes and means of such processing are determined by Union or Member State law, the controller or the specific criteria for its nomination may be provided for by Union or Member State law;
(8) ‘processor’ means a natural or legal person, public authority, agency or other body which processes personal data on behalf of the controller;
Source: Controller vs. Processor
privacy stakeholder (or privacy stakeholders) that determines the purposes and means for processing personally identifiable information (PII) other than natural persons who use data for personal purposes
privacy stakeholder that processes personally identifiable information (PII) on behalf of and in accordance with the instructions of a PII controller
natural person to whom the personally identifiable information (PII) relates
Source: ISO 29100:2011
Official with statutory or operational authority for specified information and responsibility for establishing the controls for its generation, collection, processing, dissemination, and disposal.
Source: NIST GlossaryThe Battle of Dak To was a battle fought between a combined force, composed of American and South Vietnamese elements, and the North Vietnamese Army, from November 2 to November 22, 1967, in Kontum Province, in the Central Highlands, South Vietnam. The Battle for Dak To was one of a series of offensives conducted by the North Vietnamese Army which started during the second half of the year.
Lying on a flat valley floor, Dak To was surrounded by ridges that rose into peaks which stretched westward and southwestward towards the tri-border region where South Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia met. Since 1965, Dak To had been used as a Forward Operations Base by the highly classified US Studies and Observations Group (SOG), which launched reconnaissance teams from there in order to gather intelligence on the Ho Chi Minh Trail across the border in Laos. During the summer of 1967, heavy contact with North Vietnamese forces (PAVN: People´s Army of Vietnam) in the area prompted the launching of Operation Greeley, which was a combined search and destroy effort by elements of the US 4th Infantry Division, the US 173rd Airborne Brigade, and Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) 42nd Infantry Regiment and Airborne units. The fighting was intense and lasted into the fall, when the North Vietnamese fell back to their former positions. Perhaps, the most violent part of the Battle of Dak To was the fighting for Hill 875 which involved two battalions of the 173d Airborne Brigade and the 1st Battalion, 12th Infantry, which was airlifted into the battle area from Darlac Province.
Nevertheless, by late October, US intelligence proved that local Viet Cong elements had been reinforced and combined into the 1st PAVN Division (North Vietnamese Army’s division), which was had the mission to capture Dak To and destroy a brigade-size US unit. Information provided by intelligence gave the allies a good indication of the locations and intentions of North Vietnamese forces. This intelligence prompted the launching of Operation MacArthur, and brought the units back to the area along with more reinforcements from the ARVN Airborne Division. The battles that erupted on the hill masses south and southeast of Dak To became some of the most hard-fought and bloody battles of the Vietnam War and a major American victory.
The Battle of Dak To during in November 1967 was a disaster for the 1st North Vietnamese Army Division. Although the enemy had expected to gain an important psychological victory by swiftly striking western Kontum Province from border sanctuaries, his four fresh regiments were decisively defeated in what a ranking Communist officer termed a "useless and bloody battle." In a classic example of allied superiority in firepower and maneuver, fifteen U.S. and Vietnamese battalions beat the enemy to the punch and sent the survivors limping back to their sanctuaries.
Battle of Dak To (Video)عطر مارک جوزف ماین پور هوم | Marc Joseph Mine Pour Homme
عطر Marc Joseph Mine Pour Homme در سال ۲۰۱۳ وارد بازار جهانی شد. عطر مارک جوزف ماین پور هوم محصولی تند و خنک از کمپانی فرانسوی مارک جوزف است که انتخاب عالی برای روزهای گرم سال می باشد.
ادکلن ماین پور هوم، که بویی مشابه عطر محبوب کرید اونتوس دارد، دارای رایحه ای از مرکبات تازه و آبدار در نت اولیه، تندی زنجفیل، خس خس، فلفل صورتی و نت های سبز در نت میانی و گرمی مشک، نعناع هندی و چوب صندل در نت پایانی می باشد. این عطر هم چنین به خاطر قیمت مناسب، و رایحه ی خنک و تلخ خاصی که تا حد زیادی شبیه به اونتوس است می تواند جایگزین مناسبی برای این عطر باشد.بازی میان تیم های «آدلاید استرایکرز» و «میلبورن رنیگیدس» روز گذشته برگزار شد که راشد خان با خارج کردن دو بازیکن به شمول آرون فینچ کاپیتان تیم «میلبورن رنیگیدس» از بازی توانست تیم را به پیروزی برساند.
خان با گرفتن دو شش امتیاز تیم را از ۱۵۰ بیشتر کرد، اما خیلی زود شان مارش توپ انداز تیم حریف وی را از دور خارج کرد.
آقای خان با توپ اندازی مستقیم، آرون فینچ کاپیتان تیم «میلبورن رنیگیدس» را از بازی خارج کرد که با این کار تیم اش را در موقعیت بهتر قرار داد.
راشد خان با خارج کردن دو بازیکن تیم حریف از میدان و در نهایت با گرفتن ۲۵ امتیاز از ۱۶ توپ تیم اش را ۱۵۵ امتیازی کرد و برنده این رقابت ها شد.
خان در تمام بازی ها به عنوان بهترین بازیکن انتخاب شده است و با درخشش وی تیم «آدلاید استرایکرز» در صدر جدول لیگ «بیگ باش» قرار دارد.FOIA data request 2018 by Connie Barlow re Torreya taxifolia
SUMMARY OF RESULTS: Barlow used the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) to request documentation of number of seeds produced each year (2007-2017) at the two ex-situ plantings of Torreya taxifolia in northern Georgia (one administered by Atlanta Botanical Garden and the other by University of Georgia's State Botanical Garden). She also asked for "ultimate destinations" of the seeds each year.
Documentation provided failed to supply any of the numbers/destinations per year for this critically endangered tree species, native to northern Florida. This led Barlow to conclude that ex situ seed production was uncounted and therefore presumably unvalued.
As well, failure to document annual seed production holds back scientific understanding of(1) the rate of "recovery" evidenced by annual increases in seed production and
(2) the ability of this "glacial relict" tree species to thrive when offered "assisted migration" several hundred miles northward into the southern-most Appalachian Mountains.
Table of Contents• Freedom of Information Act Request (FOIA), by Connie Barlow, 27 March 2018
(internally linked sections; mostly chronological)
• Three Events that Prompted the FOIA Request(1) Torreya Symposium announcement: Torreya genetic engineering is next step (March 2018)• Results of Barlow's FOIA data request
(2) Email exchange between Barlow, Radcliffe, Coffey, and Smith (February 2018)
(3) "Torreya Caution Statement to GPCA Botanical Gardens" (May 2016)(1) Early Communications and Partial Results (March 29 - July 24)• Barlow's Closing Statement (August 29)
(2) FOIA Hiatus as Barlow Offers "Win-Win Solution" (August 3 -21)
(3) FOIA Resumed and Completed (August 21 - 29; and helpful communications with USF&WS staff)
• Followup communications (beginning September 5)
• Freedom of Information Act Request, by Connie Barlow, 27 March 2018.
FULL TEXT OF THE FILING: The Fish & Wildlife Service has not yet posted anything in its ongoing reports database as to the actual quantities of endangered Torreya taxifolia seeds produced year-by-year from ex situ plantings in Smithgall Woods and Blairsville GA, since those trees began producing seeds.
It is important for the public to know the success of seed production, year by year, and especially the final destinations of those precious seeds, as produced under the terms of the 2010 update of the ESA recovery plan for this endangered species. My concern is that the seeds at Smithgall Woods may have been unharvested, and therefore "wasted" as food for local squirrels.
request continued below
I have already checked the online Record of Actions. No information is available there for any year. However, the 2010 recovery plan, on p. 9, documented that the agency was already aware that at least the Smithgall Woods ex situ plantings were already producing seeds. It says,"The material planted at Smithgall Woods was propagated from all Georgia source population material (Army Corps. of Engineers, site at Woodruff Dam, Lake Seminole, in Georgia). The trees have grown quite large and are now reproductively mature producing male and female cones annually."As founder of the citizen activist group Torreya Guardians, I would like to know documentation of seed production year by year, beginning in 2007. I am aware that the Blairsville site has likely been producing seeds every year since 2007, yet there is no online documentation of quantities and year-by-year reporting of ultimate destinations of the precious seeds. Please provide me (and thereby our group of citizens) this information. You can access our group's website at http://www.torreyaguardians.org/.
REQUEST FOR EXPEDITED PROCESSING:
Our group, Torreya Guardians, has been mentioned in many academic papers and some media reports as successfully pursuing the "assisted migration" northward of the USFWS endangered species, Florida Torreya. Yet, March 1-2 a USFWS staffer (Vivian Negron-Ortiz) in charge of this species attended a "Torreya Symposium" organized by a variety of institutions. Today, an article appeared by a journalist in an online environmental magazine that indicates that the "official" plans created by this institutional team exclude coordination with our group. Yet the 2010 recovery plan mentions in 3 places for institutions to coordinate their efforts with us.
Our group is entirely engaged in moving seeds north, as an easy to implement and inexpensive solution to the species' ongoing decline (since its listing as an endangered species in 1984) in its small peak-glacial refuge in Florida. Yet the article indicates that the official institutions and scientists plan to engage in expensive and highly interventionist strategies of freezing embryos and also undertaking CRISPR genetic manipulation with no indication that they are considering the success we are achieving in simple and cheap actions of simply helping this large-seeded species move its seeds to cooler realms. You can access this journal article (March 27 in Yale Environment 360) via the newest entry posted on our own Torreya Guardians reports page here.
Three Events that Prompted the FOIA Request
1. Torreya Symposium announcement: genetic engineering of Torreya taxifolia as the next step (March 2018), see the paragraph immediately above.
2. Email exchange bt Barlow, Radcliffe, Coffey, and Smith (February 2018)Because Torreya Guardians was not invited to attend the March 2018 Torreya Symposium before the speaker roster was set, I (Connie Barlow) began contacting some of the speakers directly to ensure that they were aware of our actions and how to find more information on our website. I sent emails to the following speakers or staff of speakers. (Their responses are not included, as a courtesy to their privacy, as none of these communications were problematic.)3. May 2016 "Torreya Caution Statement to GPCA Botanical Gardens". The February 15 email (above) from Emily Coffey to Connie Barlow had two attachments:• Edward O. Wilson, via his assistant Kathleen Horton, no response. my email in pdfFinally, I knew that the speaker from the Atlanta Botanical Garden, Emily Coffey, had only recently joined the institution as Vice President for Conservation. On February 14 I contacted Carrie Radcliffe by email in order to convey my message to Emily Coffey "as you see fit." Below is the email exchange: Barlow to Radcliffe; Coffey to Barlow; Barlow to Coffey; Radcliffe to Barlow. Barlow interpreted the email from Coffey as hostile.
• Jared Westbrook, American Chestnut Foundation. my email in pdf (we talked on phone)
• Jason Smith, University of Florida. my Jan 4 email pdf; my Jan 11 email pdf; my Jan 16 email pdf; my Jan 21 email pdf (Barlow received responses)
• Reed Noss, University of Florida (emeritus). my Jan 25 email pdf (Barlow received response)
• Rob Nicholson, Smith College. my Jan 26 email pdf (Barlow received response)
• Hugh Possingham, The Nature Conservancy. my Jan 29 email pdf (no response)
• BARLOW to CARRIE RADCLIFFE, Feb 14 email in pdf
• EMILY COFFEY to BARLOW, Feb 15 email in pdf
• BARLOW to EMILY COFFEY, Feb 20 email in pdf
• JASON SMITH to BARLOW, Feb 20 email in pdf
• RADCLIFFE to BARLOW, Feb 28 email in pdf• "Policy Statement Regarding in situ and ex situ Plant Conservation Between Members of the Georgia Plant Conservation Alliance, 2008. GPCA Participating Organizations and Research Collaborators: Atlanta Botanical Garden, Atlanta History Center, Callaway Gardens, Chattahoochee Nature Center, Coastal Plain Research Arboretum, Fort Valley State University, Georgia Botanical Society, Georgia Department of Natural Resources, Georgia Department of Transportation, Georgia Native Plant Society, Georgia Power, Georgia Southern Botanical Garden, Georgia Wildlife Federation, Joseph W. Jones Ecological Research Station, The Nature Conservancy of Georgia, North Georgia College and State University
• "Torreya caution statement to GPCA Botanical Guardians", 5 May 2016. Six signators: Donald W. Imm (Georgia USF&WS), Matt Elliott (Georgia DNR), Jennifer Cruse-Sanders (Atlanta Botanical Garden), Henning Von Schmeling (Chattahoochee Nature Center), Jennifer Ceska (State Botanical Garden of Georgia), Heather Alley (State Botanical Garden of Georgia)
Note: The above "Torreya caution statement" was issued and signed nearly two years before the Torreya Symposium was held. In it, the signators suggest that [presumably, autumn 2015]:"... someone removed all of the fruits from the Torreya safeguarding Collections at Smithgall Woods State Park... While we have no knowledge of who was responsible for the above action, we would like to point out that the Torreya Guardians and their volunteers are not members of the GPCA... The GPCA does not sanction assisted migration of Torreya outside its range, and we do not support the movement of Torreya outside the state of Georgia.... GPCA members and Botanical Guardian volunteers are advised to be cautious when speaking to any members of Torreya Guardians... GPCA is publicly distancing itself from Torreya Guardians and their methods of rewilding an endangered species outside its range."Note: Barlow to Coffey (Feb 20 above) clarifies that, because we had been receiving seeds by donation of the superintendent of the Blairsville site for several years (7,000 seeds in autumn 2015), we would have had no interest in any from Smithgall Woods certainly not to steal them. Because I (Barlow) was hopeful that this clarification might re-open the door for communication and perhaps teamwork, I did not mention a deeper concern: that state and federal governmental agencies would have cut off communications and sullied the reputation of a group of citizen volunteers without, at minimum, letting us know that they were doing this and why.
Hence, when the announcement was made at the conclusion of the Torreya Symposium (two weeks after my reply to Coffey) that genetic manipulation would be the next step for institutions operating under the official ESA plan (and with no opportunity for public comment), I decided to initiate an FOIA data request, which I had reason to believe would confirm that the management of annual seed production at Smithgall Woods had been, simply, to let the local squirrels harvest the seeds and possibly to neglect even documenting the numbers of seeds produced in each of the previous 10 years. To my mind, if that proved true, it would represent both a serious conservation error and lapse of scientific rigor to chart recovery year by year in an ex situ planting. The section below lists and links to the FOIA data results and the communications along the way.
Results of Barlow's FOIA data request
for seed numbers and destinations (2007-2017)
Part 1: Early Communications and Partial Results
• FOIA to Barlow March 29 - granted expedited processing and established Tiffany Mcclurkin as the contact.
• FOIA to Barlow April 6 - "... Your request falls in the "complex" processing track. Requests in this track will take between twenty-one workdays and sixty workdays to process...."
• FOIA to Barlow July 6 - "... "I'm currently in
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countries, pyrazolones have been withdrawn from the market because they can cause agranulocytes and aplastic anemia.
- At high doses, pyrazolones cause liver and kidney toxicity as well as allergic reactions.
Paracetamol, also known as acetaminophen, has antipyretic and analgesic properties and has been consolidated as a first choice drug.
- It inhibits more selectively the cyclooxygenase pre-optic area of the hypothalamus (COX3).
- It does not damage the mucosa of the stomach, so it can be administered in patients with gastrointestinal problems.
- Abuse of its consumption can produce hepatic insufficiency.
Medications derived from a propionic acid, such as ibuprofen, have analgesic effects similar to those of aspirin, but their anti-inflammatory and antipyretic action is lower.
- It is part of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and is frequently used in the treatment of muscle and joint pain.
- Propionic acid is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and its administration can be performed every 6 to 8 hours.
- Excessive intake of this type of drug can cause toxicity, which in turn produces: nervousness, diarrhea, vomiting, and constipation.
- In more severe cases, these types of drugs are related to hepatic and renal insufficiency.
Recommendations for the use of antipyretics
Antipyretics drugs should be used only when the fever exceeds 38ºC. In addition, when administering them, it is important to consider some precautionary measures:
- They should be consumed with water, never with coffee, soft drinks or alcoholic beverages.
- People with gastritis, ulcers or digestive conditions should only ingest antipyretics harmless to the stomach mucosa, such as paracetamol.
- In case of pregnancy and lactation should be avoided, or consult the doctor before doing so.
- People with a history of allergies and kidney problems should avoid their use.
- Children with chickenpox or influenza should not take acetylsalicylic acid medications because they are related to the onset of Reye’s syndrome.
If the fever is mild (feverish) it can be treated with physical methods such as cold water cloths or baths.به گزارش روابط عمومی فدراسیون شمشیربازی، مسابقات جام آزاد اسلحه فلوره آقایان یادواره زنده یاد احمد اکبری در تاریخ 1402/07/27 در تهران برگزار خواهد شد.
احمد اکبری جاوید 53 سال سابقه مربیگری داشته و دارای عناوینی از جمله مدال برنز مسابقات بین المللی لبنان، مدال نقره مسابقات بین المللی آنکارا و استانبول، مدال برنز فلوره تیمی بازی های آسیایی تهران، مدال طلای سابر تیمی بازی های آسیایی تهران، مدال برنز قهرمانی فلوره پیشکسوتان آسیا و مدال برنز سابر تیمی قهرمانی آسیا 2017 است.
وی مسئولیت هایی همچون رئیس هیئت تهران از سال 1368 تا سال 1378، دبیر فدراسیون از سال 1370 تا سال 1373 و 1388 تا 1389، مسئول انجمن شمشیربازی وزارت علوم از سال 1370 تا سال 1388، مسئول کمیته آموزش فدراسیون از سال 1389 تا سال 1396 و مدیریت تربیت بدنی دانشگاه صنعتی امیر کبیر از سال 1372 تا سال 1388 را در کارنامه خود دارد و این مسابقات، در یادبود این پیشکسوت بزرگ شمشیربازی برگزار خواهد شد.
امتیازات مسابقات دررده بندی جدید بزرگسالان لحاظ می شود.
جوایز جام:
نفر اول: 5 میلیون تومان
نفر دوم: 4 میلیون تومان
نفرات سوم: 3 میلیون تومانThis piece by Peter Yeo, United Nations Foundation Vice President for Public Policy and Advocacy, was originally published on the United Nations Foundation blog on November 13, 2015.
Malaria is a devastating disease—especially for children but also for their mothers and fathers.
This week, I witnessed expectant moms safely resting under bed nets provided to them by our UN partners. These women have somehow made it to the Bentiu camp I visited today—a camp established by the UN to take care of people forced from their homes and livelihoods as a result of the civil war.
The camp is sheltering more than 120,000 people from unconscionable violence today, but that is not the only risk they face. Thankfully, these nets will keep the mothers from getting malaria and allow them to devote full-time energy to their newborns.
The deployment of these nets couldn’t come at a more important time. The rainy season is just finishing here, and malaria-carrying mosquitos are everywhere. Camp health workers told me that malaria cases have dramatically risen over the past two months, but the nets are beginning to make a difference. Sometimes the families need to be convinced that bed nets should not be used for fishing or stored away as a prized possession. That’s why the UN doesn’t just hand out nets, but works with families to ensure they use nets correctly and that kids sleep under them every night.
Supporting the malaria prevention work of UN agencies—particularly in aid of people who have lost their homes and livelihoods—has been at the core of the UN Foundation’s Nothing But Nets campaign since its inception. Our Nothing But Nets and United Nations supporters should be proud of the lives they have helped save through donations and advocacy. Let’s keep it up!|Chinese Civil War|
Clockwise from the top: Communist troops at the Battle of Siping, Muslim soldiers of the NRA, Mao Zedong in the 1930s, Chiang Kai-shek inspecting soldiers, CCP general Su Yu investigating the front field shortly before the Menglianggu Campaign
Republic of China
Republic of China on Taiwan
People's Republic of China
|Commanders and leaders|
|Chiang Kai-shek||Mao Zedong
|4,300,000 (July 1945) |
3,650,000 (June 1948)
|1,200,000 (July 1945)
2,800,000 (June 1948)
|Casualties and losses|
|~1.5 million (1948–1949)||~250,000 (1948–1949)|
|1928–1936: ~2 million Military Casualties
1945–1949: ~6 million (including civilians)
The Chinese Civil War[nb 2] was a civil war in China fought between forces loyal to the government of the Republic of China led by the Kuomintang (KMT) and forces of the Communist Party of China (CPC). The war began in April 1927, amidst the Northern Expedition and essentially ended when major active battles ceased in 1950. The conflict eventually resulted in two de facto states, the Republic of China (ROC) in Taiwan and the People's Republic of China (PRC) in mainland China, both claiming to be the legitimate government of China.
The war represented an ideological split (Left vs. Right) between the Communist CPC, and the KMT's brand of Nationalism. The civil war continued intermittently until late 1937, when the two parties formed a Second United Front to counter a Japanese invasion. China's full-scale civil war resumed in 1946, a year after the end of hostilities with Japan. After four more years, 1950 saw the cessation of major military hostilities—with the newly founded People's Republic of China controlling mainland China (including Hainan), and the Republic of China's jurisdiction being restricted to Taiwan, Penghu, Quemoy, Matsu and several outlying islands.
Westad says the Communists won the Civil War because they made fewer military mistakes than Chiang Kai-shek, and because in his search for a powerful centralized government, Chiang antagonized too many interest groups in China. Furthermore, his party was weakened in the war against Japanese. Meanwhile the Communists targeted different groups, such as peasants, and brought them to its corner. Chiang wrote in his diary on June 1948 that the KMT had failed, not because of external enemies but because of rot from within. Strong initial support from the U.S. diminished, and then stopped completely partly because of KMT corruption, and partly because of the uncertain U.S. foreign policy towards Communism between 1945 and 1950. Communist land reform policy, which promised poor peasants farmland from their landlords, ensured PLA popular support. After the surrender of Japan at the end of World War II, Soviet forces turned over their captured Japanese weapons to the CPC and allowed the CPC to take control of territory in Manchuria. During the war both the Nationalist and Communists carried out mass atrocities with millions of non-combatants killed by both sides during the civil war.
To this day, no armistice or peace treaty has ever been signed, and there is debate about whether the Civil War has legally ended. Cross-Strait relations have been hindered by military threats and political and economic pressure, particularly over Taiwan's political status, with both governments officially adhering to a "One-China policy." The PRC still actively claims Taiwan as part of its territory and continues to threaten the ROC with a military invasion if the ROC officially declares independence by changing its name to and gaining international recognition as the Republic of Taiwan. The ROC mutually claims mainland China, and they both continue the fight over diplomatic recognition. Today, the war as such occurs on the political and economic fronts in the form of cross-Strait relations; however, the two separate de facto states have close economic ties.
The Qing Dynasty, the last of the ruling Chinese dynasties, collapsed in 1911. China was left under the control of several major and lesser warlords in the Warlord era. The anti-monarchist and national unificationist Kuomintang party and its leader Sun Yat-sen, sought the help of foreign powers to defeat these warlords, who had seized control of much of Northern China, Sun Yat-sen's efforts to obtain aid from the Western imperial powers were ignored, however, and in 1921 he turned to the Soviet Union. For political expediency, the Soviet leadership initiated a dual policy of support for both Sun and the newly established Communist Party of China, which would eventually found the People's Republic of China. Thus the struggle for power in China began between the KMT and the CPC.
In 1923, a joint statement by Sun and Soviet representative Adolph Joffe in Shanghai pledged Soviet assistance for China's unification. The Sun-Joffe Manifesto was a declaration for cooperation among the Comintern, KMT and the Communist Party of China. Comintern agent Mikhail Borodin arrived in China in 1923 to aid in the reorganization and consolidation of the KMT along the lines of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. The CPC joined the KMT to form the First United Front.
In 1923, Sun Yat-sen sent Chiang Kai-shek, one of Sun's lieutenants from his Tongmeng Hui days, for several months' military and political study in Moscow. By 1924, Chiang became the head of the Whampoa Military Academy, and rose to prominence as Sun's successor as head of the KMT.
The Soviets provided much of the studying material, organization, and equipment including munitions for the academy. The Soviets also provided education in many of the techniques for mass mobilization. With this aid Sun Yat-sen was able to raise a dedicated "army of the party," with which he hoped to defeat the warlords militarily. CPC members were also present in the academy, and many of them became instructors, including Zhou Enlai who was made a political instructor of the academy.
Communist members were allowed to join the KMT on an individual basis. The CPC itself was still small at the time, having a membership of 300 in 1922 and only 1,500 by 1925. The KMT in 1923 had 50,000 members.
Northern Expedition and KMT-CPC splitEdit
In early 1927 the KMT-CPC rivalry led to a split in the revolutionary ranks. The CPC and the left wing of the KMT had decided to move the seat of the KMT government from Guangzhou to Wuhan, where communist influence was strong. But Chiang and Li Zongren, whose armies defeated warlord Sun Chuanfang, moved eastward toward Jiangxi. The leftists rejected Chiang's demand to eliminate Communists influence within KMT and Chiang denounced the leftists for betraying Sun Yat-sen's Three Principles of the People by taking orders from the Soviet Union. According to Mao Zedong, Chiang's tolerance of the CPC in the KMT camp decreased as his power increased.
On April 7, Chiang and several other KMT leaders held a meeting arguing that communist activities were socially and economically disruptive, and must be undone for the national revolution to proceed.
Communist insurgency (1927–1937)Edit
Fighting between Nationalist and Communist forces began on April 12 in Shanghai. The KMT was purged of leftists by the arrest and execution of hundreds of CPC members. It was directed by General Bai Chongxi. This was called the April 12 Incident or Shanghai Massacre by the CPC.
The massacre widened the rift between Chiang and Wang Jingwei's Wuhan. Attempts were made by CPC to take cities such as Nanchang, Changsha, Shantou, and Guangzhou. An armed rural insurrection, known as the Autumn Harvest Uprising was staged by peasants, miners and CPC members in Hunan Province led by Mao Zedong. The uprising was unsuccessful. There were now three capitals in China: the internationally recognized republic capital in Beijing, the CPC and left-wing KMT at Wuhan and the right-wing KMT regime at Nanjing, which would remain the KMT capital for the next decade.
Eventually left-wing KMT also expelled CPC from the Wuhan government, who in turn were toppled by Chiang Kai-shek. The KMT resumed the campaign against warlords and captured Beijing in June 1928. Afterwards most of eastern China was under the Nanjing central government's control, and the Nanjing government received prompt international recognition as the sole legitimate government of China. The KMT government announced in conformity with Sun Yat-sen, the formula for the three stages of revolution: military unification, political tutelage, and constitutional democracy.
During the 1920s, Communist Party of China activists retreated underground or to the countryside where they fomented a military revolt, beginning the Nanchang Uprising on August 1, 1927. They combined the force with remnants of peasant rebels, and established control over several areas in southern China. The Guangzhou commune was able to control Guangzhou for three days and a "soviet" was established. KMT armies continued to suppress the rebellions. This marked the beginning of the ten year's struggle, known in mainland China as the "Ten Year's Civil War" (Traditional Chinese: 十年內戰 Simplified Chinese:十年内战 Pinyin:Shínían Nèizhàn). It lasted until the Xi'an Incident when Chiang Kai-shek was forced to form the Second United Front against the invading Japanese.
In 1930 the Central Plains War broke out as an internal conflict of the KMT. It was launched by Feng Yuxiang, Yan Xishan, and Wang Jingwei. The attention was turned to root out remaining pockets of Communist activity in a series of encirclement campaigns. There were a total of five campaigns. The first and second campaigns failed and the third was aborted due to the Mukden Incident. The fourth campaign (1932–1933) achieved some early successes, but Chiang’s armies were badly mauled when they tried to penetrate into the heart of Mao’s Soviet Chinese Republic. During these campaigns, the KMT columns struck swiftly into Communist areas, but were easily engulfed by the vast countryside and were not able to consolidate their foothold.
Finally, in late 1934, Chiang launched a fifth campaign that involved the systematic encirclement of the Jiangxi Soviet region with fortified blockhouses. Unlike in previous campaigns in which they penetrated deeply in a single strike, this time the KMT troops patiently built blockhouses, each separated by five or so miles to surround the Communist areas and cut off their supplies and food source.
In October 1934, the CPC took advantage of gaps in the ring of blockhouses (manned by the troops of a warlord ally of Chiang Kai-shek's, rather than the KMT themselves) to escape Jiangxi. The warlord armies were reluctant to challenge Communist forces for fear of wasting their own men, and did not pursue the CPC with much fervor. In addition, the main KMT forces were preoccupied with annihilating Zhang Guotao's army, which was much larger than Mao's. The massive military retreat of Communist forces lasted a year and covered what Mao estimated as 12,500 km (25,000 Li), and became known as the Long March.
The march ended when the CPC reached the interior of Shaanxi. Zhang Guotao's army, which took a different route through northwest China, was largely destroyed by the forces of Chiang Kai-shek and his Chinese Muslim ally, the Ma clique. Along the way, the Communist army confiscated property and weapons from local warlords and landlords, while recruiting peasants and the poor, solidifying its appeal to the masses. Of the 90,000-100,000 people who began the Long March from the Soviet Chinese Republic, only around 7,000-8,000 made it to Shaanxi. The remnants of Zhang's forces eventually joined Mao in Shaanxi, but with his army destroyed, Zhang, even as a founding member of the CPC, was never able to challenge Mao's authority. Essentially, the great retreat made Mao the undisputed leader of the Communist Party of China.
The Kuomintang used Khampa soldiers to battle the Communist Red Army as it advanced, and to undermine local warlords who often refused to fight Communist forces to conserve their own strength. 300 "Khampa bandits" were enlisted into the Kuomintang's Consolatory Commission military in Sichuan, where they were part of the effort of the central government of China to penetrate and destabilize the local Han warlords such as Liu Wenhui. The Chinese government sought to exercise full control over frontier areas against the warlords. Liu had refused to battle the Communists to conserve his army. The Consoltary Commission forces were used to battle the Communist Red Army, but were defeated when their religious leader was captured by Communist forces.
Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945)Edit
During the Japanese invasion and occupation of Manchuria, Chiang Kai-shek, who saw the CPC as a greater threat, refused to ally with the CPC to fight against the
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flora]," Dr. McBride explains. "The human body has an amazing ability to compensate for the problems. The body can work around the problem for a very long time before it starts giving you signals that something's wrong, and that's the problem. The signals are the symptoms! For example, you can have cancer in your body for 20 years and there are no symptoms. Until the first symptom appears, the body compensates. It works around it."
Basic Principles of the Introduction Diet
The Introduction Diet is divided into six stages. Below are the first three. According to Dr. McBride:
"These three factors ensure that the gut heals much quicker… That is why people who follow [the Introduction Diet] find that their food allergies disappear much quicker. We have many people who have healed themselves and have removed their food allergies and intolerances completely. Now they can eat foods which they could not even touch before. The same happens to people with inflammatory bowel conditions and other severe digestive disorders, and to any person who got serious digestive symptoms."
First, fiber is removed from the diet, because it feeds microbes. The human digestive system is not designed to break down fiber. Instead, it ends up undigested in your bowel, where the majority of your gut flora resides. If your gut flora is healthy, ie dominated by beneficial, probiotic species, then these microbes will feed on the fiber and proliferate.
This is slightly counterintuitive as people and health care professionals consider fiber universally beneficial. I was one of them and in medical school in the 70s was known as Dr. Fiber for my widespread promotion of fiber. However if your gut is filled with pathogenic bacteria and/or yeast and fungi, fiber will actually make your symptoms worse as it is a non-specific growth factor for intestinal bacteria, and does not discriminate between pathogenic and beneficial bacteria.
So, if your bowel is predominantly dominated by pathogenic microbes, pathogenic microbes will feed on fiber and proliferate, making whatever health problems you have worse. The digestive system of those with GAPS is predominantly populated by pathogens, which is why fiber must be carefully eliminated from the diet, for a period of time, to help starve out the pathogens.
Second, probiotics are incrementally added in, because without their presence, no healing can ever occur in your digestive tract. This is done in two ways: through probiotic and fermented foods, and therapeutic-strength probiotic supplements
The third factor: introducing the building blocks for your gut lining, which promotes healthy enterocyte reproduction to rebuild the integrity of your gut lining.
"You will find that in children with learning disabilities, in the first and second stage, the bedwetting usually stops; the eye contact starts coming back; the hyperactive behavior reduces automatically; the child becomes more "with" you; he becomes more alert," Dr. McBride says.
When you move on to the third or fourth stage (which includes more solid foods), some of the original symptoms may recur. If that happens, it means you (or your child) is not ready to move to the next stage yet. Just back-track to the previous stage, and stay there for another couple of weeks, until the symptoms recede. Then try moving into the next stage again. Remember, this is a natural healing process, which can take time.
"Adults usually take longer to heal than children. In children it can happen quite quickly, but it depends on the toxic load and various other factors.
Many people have to do this dance of step forward, step back, step forward, and step back for several months," Dr. McBride says. "Some people have to follow the introduction diet for up to 18 months… before moving into the Full GAPS Diet. This is usually the group of the most severe people such as those with chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, ME, multiple sclerosis, and people with more severe degenerative conditions. In the majority of people, particularly the children, the introduction diet takes a couple of months maximum."
Is a No-Plant Diet Safe Long-Term?
As you can see, the Introduction Diet is devoid of most plant foods, unless well cooked and low in fiber. This may seem like a harmful way of eating, considering how vegetables are touted as the most important part of a healthy diet. But according to Dr. McBride, there's no cause for alarm.
"I have patients who have done best on a completely no-plant diet," she says. "I have people who have been on a no-plants diet at all; purely animal foods. They eat meat, fish, eggs, and yogurt. That's all. They don't eat anything else. They have no vegetables, fruits, grains, and nothing of plant origin at all for 18 months, two years, and two and a half years, and they do beautifully.
These are usually people with obsessive-compulsive disorders, bipolar disorders, schizophrenics, or people with other conditions.
Whenever they try a little bit of a vegetable, a little bit of plant matter, they get their manic symptoms back. They get their other psychiatric problems back… These people learn quite quickly. They listen to their body, and quite quickly they know what works for them or what doesn't. Everybody's different. It depends not only on your constitutional genetics, but it also depends on what kind of toxins you have stored in your body, where they're stored, and what methods your body is using to clear them out, and various other variables."
Primary Foods of the GAPS Introduction Diet
The following foods are the staples of the GAPS Introduction Diet:
Homemade meat stock
Homemade bone broth
Soups with well-cooked, deseeded and peeled vegetables, such as zucchinis and squash. If you're cooking broccoli or cauliflower, remove all the stalks and fibrous bits. Avoid using fibrous vegetables such as celery and those from the cabbage family
Homemade fermented yoghurt (using either raw, grass-fed milk, or store-bought organic, full fat milk if you cannot find raw milk) and whey
Fermented vegetables (in cases of severe digestive disorders, Dr. McBride recommends starting on the juice only, as the fiber of the vegetables may be too much to handle for a compromised digestive system. From there, slowly work your way up to consuming small amounts of vegetable, such as sauerkraut or cabbage)
Raw egg yolk from organically-raised, pastured hens
Dr. McBride discusses many more details of the GAPS diet in her interview, so for more in-depth information and instructions on how to prepare many of these foods at home, please listen to the interview or read through the transcript.
Rethinking the Raw Food / Vegan Diet Trend…
Dr. McBride introduces a concept that is contrary to what most health-minded people have learned, including myself. I've been a staunch advocate of consuming all foods in their raw state, or as near raw as possible, as much as possible. My general recommendation has been to consume about 80 percent of your food raw. Dr. McBride disagrees, explaining that all-raw is not necessarily ideal.
"Mother Nature provided us with two groups of natural foods. Obviously, we're not talking about processed foods here. Processed foods… do not serve the human body. These foods do not feed us. They do not cleanse us… They just pollute us, because they have been processed to increase their shelf life… Let's remove those foods out of the equation altogether. We're talking about natural foods… in the form that Mother Nature created them."
These two food groups are:
Plants (fruits, veggies, grains, beans, nuts and seeds)
Animal products (meat, fish, dairy products, eggs)
According to Dr. McBride, the plant foods are primarily cleansing foods that aid in elimination and detoxification, while the animal products are nourishing foods that feed your body and provide the building blocks for your bones, muscles, brain, immune system and other organs.
"When you cook vegetables, their cellular structure gets broken down, and they are much easier to digest," Dr. McBride explains. "They become more of a feeding and nourishing food rather than a cleansing food. Raw fruits and vegetables are indigestible for the human digestive system. They don't feed us; they cleanse us… But as we cook the vegetables, and as we ferment the vegetables, we break down their cellulose structure. They become less of a cleansing detoxifying food and more of a feeding and nourishing food."
"The natural cultures all over the world through the millennia have understood this," she says. "That is why they developed methods to make plant foods more of a "feeding/nourishing" food, and digestible for the human digestive system. The methods that they have developed to make plants more digestible are cooking and fermentation. That is why grains were always fermented or cooked. Fruits and vegetables were fermented and cooked.
When we ferment and cook plant foods, we break down their structure. They become less of a detoxifier… [and] move into the group of feeding/nourishing foods."
The Happy Marriage between Raw and Cooked or Fermented Foods
She goes on to discuss how herbivorous animals are designed to consume the energy of the sun in the form of plants. But in order for most herbivores, like cows, to digest plant foods, they're equipped with multiple stomachs, called rumen, which are filled with microbes. It's these microbes that digest the plant foods, transforming the carbohydrates in the plant matter into short-chain fatty acids.
Humans, however, do not have a rumen.
We only have one small stomach, and, if you're healthy, your stomach contains very minute amounts of bacteria. In fact, a healthy stomach is the least populated area of your digestive system. Instead of microbes, the human stomach produces acid and pepsin, which can effectively break down one group of foods, and that is animal-based foods.
"They're not fit to break down plants at all," Dr. McBride says. "Most plant foods, when we consume them in a raw state in particular, they go all through our digestive system, and they finish up practically undigested in the bowel where the bacteria – that's our equivalent of the rumen – partially break them down and convert them into short-chain fatty acids… and that's the boost to our human metabolism.
But if you try to live entirely on these plant foods, you will run into trouble, as vegans do… In order to feed yourself, you have to consume animal products… meat… animal fat… fish… eggs… good-quality dairy products…
Indeed, in order for us to produce sex hormones, we need cholesterol, because they're made from cholesterol. We require vitamin A and vitamin D. We require a lot of protein. In order to produce sex hormones, they have to eat meat, eggs, and animal fat. If you don't want to produce sex hormones; if you want to be infertile, and if you don't want to have any sexual desire, then the vegan diet is the right diet that you should follow."
This does not negate the need for raw food. We all need cleansing and detoxification. And if your toxic load is high, or if you're overweight, then a period of cleansing, using lots of raw vegan-type foods can be very beneficial.
"But then when the body finishes with that cleansing, it needs to be fed. Following a vegan diet or a vegetarian diet like that for a long period of time is unsustainable and should not be contemplated," Dr. McBride warns.
"It is very important for people to listen to their bodies and to talk to their bodies and figure out, "What do I need right now?" Do I need to cleanse right now, or do I need to feed myself right now? What state is my body in? Maybe I need a mixture, some sort of middle ground between the two, depending on what's happening in my body. "
The Phenomenal Health Benefits of Fermented Vegetables
As mentioned earlier, fermented vegetables are a mainstay of the GAPS diets. In the following video, Caroline Barringer discusses the process of fermenting your own vegetables in some detail, so for more information, please listen to that interview, or read through the transcript. You'll also find more resources at the end of this article.
Download Interview Transcript
One thing that many do not realize is that fermented foods are some of the best chelators available. The beneficial bacteria in these foods are very potent detoxifiers, capable of drawing out a wide range of toxins and heavy metals. According to Dr. McBride, the GAPS Nutritional Protocol restores your own detoxification system in about 90 percent of people, and the fermented/cultured foods are instrumental in this self-healing process.
"The cell wall [of the bacteria] have chelators; molecules that grab hold of mercury, lead, aluminum, arsenate, and anything else toxic," Dr. McBride explains. "They hold them until they're removed through stool."
And you don't need to consume huge amounts either. Caroline recommends eating about a quarter to a half a cup of fermented vegetables, or cultured food such as raw yoghurt, per day. Kombucha, a fermented drink, is another great addition to your diet. The key is variety. The greater the variety of fermented and cultured foods you include in your diet, the better, as each food will inoculate your gut with a variety of different microorganisms.
Almost Everyone has Damaged Gut Flora these Days!
"The trouble is that in our modern society, we live in a world where a growing proportion of the population damaged gut flora, because they have been exposed to repeated courses of antibiotics; women are taking contraceptive pills, which damage the gut flora quite profoundly, or any other prescriptive long-term medication. People are taking in toxic substances through their food and drink, and other… environmental influences damage the composition of their gut flora.
As a result, when they are exposed to mercury, lead, other toxic metals, or other toxic substances in the environment, their gut flora is unable to chelate it, and cannot remove it.
It floods into their bloodstream, and settles in the body. Unfortunately, toxic metals have a particular affinity for fatty tissues in the body, so they get stored in the brain, spine, and in the rest of the nervous system. They also target your bone marrow and the rest of the high fat organs in the body… Of course, when they're stored in there, they would cause leukemia, lymphoma, other immune abnormalities, and other problems... "
Dr. McBride has made the important connection between damaged gut flora in women, and developmental problems in their children, especially autism. These GAPS children, who are born with damaged gut flora, are also far more prone to vaccine damage. I believe this may be a major driving force behind our skyrocketing autism rates.
Fortunately, there's a solution.
Restoring proper gut function to pregnant mothers and their babies is really one of the most profound interventions one could have for having a non-brain-damaged child.
"Mothers of my generation who have daughters who are growing up now—now is the time to assess your daughter," Dr. McBride says. "See what her gut flora is like. How is she doing before she's ready to conceive or have children? Prepare them for it to avoid the huge amount of grief in the family of having a grandchild with autism, hyperactivity, obsessive-compulsive disorder, or some other disorder. This is because the proportion of girls with damaged gut flora is growing in our modern world, and they are heading to having unhealthy children."It’s easy to see why employers require degrees for nuclear engineering jobs. These are, after all, complex jobs that require plenty of complex skills. By earning a nuclear engineer degree, you’ll ensure that you’re equipped to handle all of the complexities that the job requires, including working with advanced science and math concepts, blending science with engineering, and working with some of the smallest particles known to humanity. Nuclear engineer degrees can pave the way to a thriving career, and not just because employers require degrees. Education often comes with internships, networking opportunities, and other advantages that can be hard to find outside of college.
Job safety is another reason to get a nuclear engineer degree. Nuclear engineers need a clear knowledge of power plants, nuclear reactors, and even, in some cases, nuclear weapons. Nuclear engineer degrees provide the best way for future nuclear engineers to familiarize themselves with these highly dangerous things. Those who are studying for a nuclear engineering degree learn important safety precautions and protocols.
Methodology: Ranking the Best Nuclear Engineering Degrees
Bachelor’s Degree Center’s mission is to show prospective students the way to the best program for their needs. That’s why BDC editors focus on accredited, reputable colleges and universities. Programs are ranked according to their tuition rate, salary potential, and reputation, using data from IPEDS and Niche.
1. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
The Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s School of Engineering/Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering (MIT) offers a Bachelor of Science degree (BS) in Nuclear Science and Engineering that is among the most elite nuclear engineering degrees available in the marketplace. MIT’s degree in nuclear engineering includes classes in fusion energy, nuclear systems, principles of nuclear radiation measurement, quantum technology, radiation biophysics, analog electronics, and systems analysis of the nuclear fuel cycle, to name just a few.
The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) was established in 1861, admitting its first class of fifteen students only four years later. ABET accredits the engineering programs offered by this world-class institution. MIT’s campus in Cambridge runs alongside the Charles River on the opposing side to Boston University.
What We Like: The Massachusetts Institute of Technology ranks among the top global scores as noted by many collegiate ranking services.
Degree: BS in Nuclear Science and Engineering
2. Georgia Institute of Technology
The Georgia Institute of Technology offers a BS in Nuclear & Radiological Engineering that offers two concentrations within the degree in nuclear engineering program offered. The two academic emphases for Georgia Tech’s nuclear engineering degrees include radiological science & engineering or nuclear engineering. Georgia Tech’s curriculum for the nuclear engineering degree programs includes basic principles courses in nuclear power economics, detection instruments, criticality safety, materials management, and regulatory requirements, to name a few.
The Georgia Institute of Technology is a multiple campus research university that was established in 1885. As a space-grant higher learning institution, the Georgia Institute of Technology (is home to approximately 36,350 students on its campuses in Atlanta, Savannah, France, China, Ireland, and Singapore.
What We Like: The Georgia Institute of Technology was founded after the Civil War in an effort to rebuild the industrial southern US.
Degree: BS in Nuclear and Radiological Engineering
3. University of California, Berkeley
The University of California, Berkeley offers a BS in Nuclear Engineering that has received accreditation of ABET. Students graduating from the University of California (UC@B) at Berkeley’s degree in nuclear engineering program enter the workforce in academia, national labs, or government agencies, applying the experimental and analytic tools and skills learned at the University of California. All nuclear engineering degree candidates have the opportunity to work in nuclear labs to gather professional experience during their baccalaureate studies.
The University of California, Berkeley is considered the state’s flagship. Established in 1868 as California’s first school under the Morrill Land Act, UC Berkeley is now home to approximately 43,050 students vying for degrees offered by UC Berkeley’s fourteen colleges/schools.
What We Like: UC Berkeley’s distinguished alumni include heads of state, chief justices, Nobel
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。
根据最新的研究显示，以从事软件行业的就业人员占总人口数的百分比来排，西雅图被列为全美第五位。西雅图及华盛顿州的大约6,000家与软件行业相关的公司共雇佣员工68,000人，每年支付近100亿美元的薪水，年销售收入达250亿美元。截止到2005年4月。微软公司在全球有59,947名员工。而在西雅图及普捷湾地区就有28900名。
西雅图及景郡区每年吸引了超过873万的游客，带来39.7亿美元的收入和超过342万美元的州及市税收收入。旅游消费为西雅图地区直接创造了6万份工作。2005年西雅图港游船增长创下新纪录，有四条大型游轮线路，170次航行，接待了超过35万名游客。华盛顿州会议和贸易中心，西雅图会议中心（1962年世界博览会会址）及本地酒店为各种会议，展览和特别活动的举办赢得了良好声誉。其它主要设施包括贝尔港湾国际会议中心，奎斯特（Qwest）体育活动中心和位于贝尔维尤（Bellevue）的梅登鲍尔中心（Meydenbauer）。
街道
除市中心的商业区外西雅图按东西和南北走向形成方格式，在市中心的商业区街道的走向按海岸的走向。两个走向相接处往往造成不寻常的角度，往往使外来不熟悉西雅图的人搞不清。
渡轮
华盛顿州拥有美国最大的渡轮船队。从位于52号栈桥的码头出发，人们可乘船抵达布雷默顿岛(Bremerton)和双桥岛（Bainbridge Island），此航线允许旅客托运交通工具。还有一条前往的Vashon岛的航线只提供旅客运输服务。
火车
三个不同班次的Amtrak列车在具有悠久历史的国王街车站(King Street Station)发车，提供包括前往温哥华，塔科马，波特兰岛和斯博坎在内的许多线路。国王街车站位于国际区(International District)和先锋广场(Pioneer Square)之间，Qwest Field北部。旅客可选择在线购票或到车站购票。车站还代销美国灰狗长途汽车公司(Greyhound)的车票。Sounder是上下班高峰时间段的火车，有从西雅图到埃弗雷特和西雅图到塔科马两条运营线路。车站位于国王街车站(King Street Station)。Monorail有从西雅图市中心通往市区西湖墙(Westlake Mall)的线路。
机场
公共汽车
Metro公司管理着西雅图公交系统，并为乘车者提供及时有效的在线帮助工具。北至巴特瑞大街(Battery Street)，南到圣杰克逊大街(S Jackson Street)；西至西雅图码头区(Seattle Waterfront)，东到第六大街(Sixth Ave)，这其间的区域为免费乘车区(Ride Free Area)。通常为某些特定公交路线设立的地下通道入口，现在由于施工原因而暂时关闭。Greyhound公交车站位于斯图尔特大街811号(811 Stewart St)。旅客可以通过互联网、电话或直接前往车站购票。
高速公路
宗教场所
在大西雅图地区，所有的主要宗教都有其代表。除了各种新教族、罗马天主教、东正教，还有许多犹太教会堂、佛教寺庙和清真寺。
公共设施
在西雅图，水和电是由公共设施提供的。私人的普吉特海湾能源公司提供天然气，西雅图蒸汽公司提供蒸汽，奎斯特提供电话服务，康卡斯特提供有线电视。
文娱设施
1．博物馆14座
1927年开设的亨利艺术画廊（Henry Art Gallery）是华盛顿州第一个博物馆。西雅图艺术博物馆于1933年开设。艾玛·弗赖艺术博物馆（Frye Art Museum）、当代艺术中心（Center on Contemporary Art）和西雅图亚洲艺术博物馆也藏有艺术收藏。
历史与工业博物馆（Museum Of History & Industry）
伯克自然历史和文化博物馆（Burke Museum Of Natural History And Culture）
克朗代克淘金博物馆（Klondike Gold Rush Museum）
圆木屋博物馆（Log House Museum）
西北海岸防卫队博物馆（Coast Guard Museum Northwest）
木舟中心（The Center for Wooden Boats）
西北海港海岸文物中心（Northwest Seaport Maritime Heritage Center）
西雅图都市警察博物馆（Seattle Metropolitan Police Museum）
波音飞行博物馆（Museum of Flight——Boeing）
奥德赛海洋发现中心（Odyssey Maritime Discovery Center）
普吉特湾船舶交通中心（Puget Sound Vessel Traffic Service）
北欧传统博物馆（Nordic Heritage Museum）
陆荣昌亚洲博物馆（Wing Luke Asian Museum）
2．公园50（城市）/20（乡村）
3．名胜9(Attractions)28
4．海滩(Beach) 12
5. 社区中心(Comunity Center)24
6．高尔夫球场(Golf)5
7．公共图书馆(The Seattle Public Library)27
西雅图中央图书馆(The Seattle Public Library — Central Library)
这个34000平方米的公共图书馆容纳约145万书籍和其他资料，其中包括超过500台电脑向公众开放，另设有一个地下公共停车场。头1年的使用率超过200万人。图书馆有一个独特和突出的外观，构成若干分立“浮动平台”，就像置身在一个大的蜘蛛网。
西雅图公共图书馆安妮女王分馆，端庄美丽、大方实用。这座始建于1914年的建筑，处处弥漫着由封建社会向资本主义过渡的关键时代——都铎王朝的古典韵味，静静地矗立在安妮女王山顶。安妮女王图书馆内部，顶层作为图书馆，底层则承办各种规模的会议和讲座。
8．网球场151
9．表演中心27
10．游泳池10
11．娱乐场地38
12．运动俱乐部42
13．小径（有维护）5
医疗保健
西雅图地区是美国西北太平洋沿岸的医疗保健中心。具有领先的医疗组织，其中包括瑞典医疗中心，华盛顿大学医院及附属医学院、港景医疗中心、大众健康合作医院、弗吉利亚梅森医疗中心、西北医院、溪谷总医院、儿童医院和哈其森癌症研究中心（拥有世界上最大的癌症控制和预防研究项目）。西雅图的医疗研究学者在过去的五年中荣获了三个诺贝尔医学奖。
美食
包括蚝、大螃蟹、鲑鱼、鳟鱼、鳕鱼和干贝。此外，还有来自华盛顿州草原的烤牛排，都让人爱不释手。西雅图餐厅多达2000家，在国际区(中国城)，中国、日本、韩国、越南、马来、泰国餐厅放眼是；Ballard地区则保有传统斯堪地那维亚菜色。特色美食：螃蟹、蚝、鲑鱼、海鲜杂脍浓汤(Chowder)。西雅图由于地理位置得天独厚，上邻阿拉斯加、加拿大渔场，加上智利、日本等渔货也常在此装卸，所以西雅图美食以海鲜为主流，[4]
西雅图是咖啡迷的天堂，计有230家贩卖速溶咖啡（espresso）的咖啡摊，而每个星期都还在陆续增加中；西雅图人嗜喝咖啡，一星期即消耗25万杯，两大咖啡公司星巴克和SBC是最大功臣。星巴克有150家店面，用寄送的方式运抵全国五十州，如今洛杉矶、旧金山、丹佛、芝加哥及其他城市也有设立。SBC Coffee(Seattle'sBestCoffee西雅图最佳咖啡)，则是通过餐厅及espresso咖啡摊贩售。
人民生活
城市地标
其它著名的地标有史密斯塔（Smith Tower）、派克市场（Pike Place Market）、西雅图音乐体验中心（Experience Music Project，EMP）、新西雅图中心图书馆（The Seattle Public library -- Central Library）和美国银行大厦（Bank of America Tower），后者是美国密西西比河以西第四高、全美第12高的摩天大楼。
体育运动
西雅图水手棒球 美国职业棒球大联盟塞弗科体育场
西雅图海鹰橄榄球 美国橄榄球联盟奎斯特体育场
西雅图音响足球 美国足球联盟甲级联赛（男子）
美国足球W联赛（女子） 奎斯特体育场
西雅图风暴篮球 美国女子篮球协会Key Arena
西雅图雷鸟冰球 美国西部冰球联赛Key Arena西雅图篮球球队搬迁到俄克拉荷马城，不过相信不久，西雅图会有一支球队
西雅图第一支现代的专业球队是西雅图超音速队。1969年又有棒球队西雅图飞行员队加入。两支球队的名称都与当地的飞机工业有关。飞行员队一年后迁往密尔沃基。1976年橄榄球队西雅图海鹰队成立，1977年棒球队西雅图水手队成立。第一个为西雅图赢得一个国家冠军的球队是冰球队西雅图都市队，它于1917年获得美国冠军。此外华盛顿大学、西雅图大学和西雅图太平洋大学也有球队（如橄榄球和篮球）。
文化传媒
西雅图最重要的报纸是《西雅图时报》和《西雅图邮报》，两者分享其广告和商业部门。重要的周刊有《西雅图周刊》和《陌生人》，这两者都是免费的周刊。前者是西雅图地区的非正式报纸，常常报导正式报纸无法报导的国内或西雅图市的黑暗面。后者针对一些另类的读者，报导关于同性恋等非主流的新闻。西雅图还有许多电视台和广播站。
节日活动
数十个西雅图的市区每年举办一到多个街道节，许多每年还举行一次游行或赛跑。最大的街道节包括上百货摊、艺人和许多表演舞台，上十万人参加，最小的只有十几个货摊和艺人，与大的区的市场相差不多。其它重要的大事有多个印第安人组织的跑沃舞、一个希腊节和许多不同的民族举行的民族节。
如同其它许多大城市，西雅图还有其它许多小规模的活动，比如书展、特别的电影节和一个每年一次为期两天约八千人参加的从西雅图到波特兰的自行车比赛。
唐人街国际区
西雅图在1889年因为油漆匠的胶锅着火而把整个木造的城市焚毁，西雅图在大火後迅速重建，建材则使用了更多的石头、铁及水泥，到了1893年，第一条横跨美洲大陆的铁路l连结到了西雅图，海上交通也和亚洲各大港口及美国东部海港连接成形。到了1897年的克朗代克淘金热为西雅图带来了更快速的成长，城市的人口从1890年到1910年成长了六倍。西雅图也第一次举办了世界展览会(Alaska-Yukon-Pacific Exhibition),，华盛顿大学校址就是当年展览会的场址。在西雅图买一本 City pass(城市护照)，内含水族馆(Seattle Aquarium)、飞行博物馆(Museum of Flight)、太平洋科学中心(Pacific Science Center)、太平洋科学中心内的I-MAX(半球式立体电影)、太空针塔(Space Needle)及海湾渡轮游(Argosy Cruises Harbor Tour)、伍德兰动物园(Woodland Park Zoo)的门票，整本一起买比个别分开买门票便宜了一半以上，自助旅行的游客不可错过。美国其他世界级的观光大城市都有 City pass 的贩售，城市护照内的合作机构有时会更动，所以在你购买前最好先查询有那些机构的门票在城市护照里面。
太空针塔
太空针塔(The Space Needle ）是美国西北太平洋地区的一座主要地标，位在西雅图市的市中心，在新年时举行烟花汇演。它是为了1962年的世界博览会而设计的，在离地520英尺高的瞭望台和旋转餐厅里可以360度的观看西雅图的全景，还包括雷尼尔山(Mt. Rainier)，奥林匹克国家公园(Olympic National Park)及普吉湾(Puget Sound)等。
派克市场
派克市场有个世界知名的鱼市叫Pike Place Fish stall，已经成为观光客必去景点。Victor Steinbrueck公园位于派克市场的最北端，是一大片如茵的绿地。而“口香糖墙”是因为旁边是个小型电影院，每次人们在排队买票入场时就将嘴里嚼的口香糖粘在墙上，时间久了，居然形成了一道风景。
史密斯塔
史密斯塔1914年由Gaggin & Gaggin建筑公司设计建造。这种新古典主义的建筑风格很快风靡西雅图，成为这座城市里普及最广的建筑样式。自建成后，史密斯塔连续多年荣膺密西西比河以西范围内最高的建筑。史密斯塔的三楼，有中国的末代封建王朝——清朝赠予史密斯塔的所有者史密斯先生的礼物：中国之屋。鼎鼎大名的许愿椅就摆放在中国之屋中，传说单身女子坐在椅子上诚心许愿，就会找到如意郎君。
太平洋科学中心
教育程度
西雅图居民的平均教育水平很高。除学校外西雅图的成人培训班和家庭学校教育也很强。25岁以上的成年人口中，受高中及以上教育的人数占91.9%。53.8%的人口拥有学士或以上的学位。36%的人口有硕士学位或以上，93%的人口高中毕业。除学校外西雅图的成人培训班和家庭学校教育也很强。
高等教育
除公费学校外西雅图还有一些私人学校：四个天主教学校，一个新教学校和六个非宗教的学校。
西雅图附近另外还有几所大学的分校，分别是华盛顿州立大学（Washington State University），华盛顿中心大学（Central Washington university），华盛顿西部大学（Western Washington University）
研究中心
主要研究中心包括哈钦森癌症研究中心、巴特纪念研究所和华盛顿技术中心。
大学院校
1、华盛顿大学（公立）42,446人
2．西雅图城市大学（私立）13,000人
3．西雅图大学（私立）6,810人
4．西雅图太平洋大学（私立）3,779人
5．社区学院（四个校区，公立）27,218人
6．西雅图艺术专科学校2,200人
7．可尼西艺术学院（Cornish）700人
国际商务
大西雅图地区一直以来在生活质量和国际竞争力方面都得到大家的认可。这些优势体现在：战略地理位置（距离上来看，位于伦敦和东京的中间）；先进的制造能力和设施；先进技术群体；技术产业间的合作；经济基础的多样性（从农业、服务业到国际贸易）；高质量的教育和医疗体系；高素质的员工；丰富多彩的文化和娱乐活动；居民的整体素质及开放理念。
西雅图每年组织一系列的活动。从太平洋海洋展（产品陈列、技术、服务、教育和为海洋人员设立的特别活动）到太平洋健康峰会。历年的国际活动还包括：2001年亚太城市峰会、1999年世界贸易组织第三次部长会议、1996年双边贸易部长会议、 1993年亚太经合部长及领导人会议和1990年美苏友好磋商会谈。
按人均计算，华盛顿州在美国的出口量排列第一，2004年人均出口额为5,479美元。2004年华州直接出口额达34亿美元，这还不包括计算机软件出口（每年价值50到100亿美元）、建筑设计、工程设计和其它专业服务的出口。2004年西雅图及华州的出口总额（包括过境商品）为461亿美元，当地经济每3个工作中就有1个来自于此。浓郁的人文特色及与世界多个城市缔结的友好关系为西雅图及华州增添了更多的商贸机遇。
贸易伙伴
2004年华盛顿州出口额（前10位）
1．日本(Japan)（不含琉球国）6.31（十亿美元）
2．加拿大4.04(Canada)
3．中国(China)3.09
4．中国台湾(Taiwan,China)02.14
5．韩国(Korea)2.06
6．爱尔兰(Irland)1.50
7．新加坡(Singapore）1.48
8．法国（French）1.27
9．英国（British）1.09
10．澳大利亚（Australia）1.07
总和 (Total）0 33.793
友好城市
贝尔谢巴，以色列
宿务，菲律宾
克赖斯特彻奇，新西兰
戈尔韦，爱尔兰
海防，越南
林贝，喀麦隆
蒙巴萨，肯尼亚
佩奇，匈牙利
雷克雅未克，冰岛
泗水，印度尼西亚
卑尔根，挪威
重庆，中华人民共和国
高雄，中国台湾
大田，韩国
格丁尼亚，波兰
伊兹密尔，
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8,449 | 1 | 2 |
خوراکي هاي زيادي هستند که مصرف آن ها، به روند لاغري کمک مي کنند. سبزي ها، حبوبات بدون چربي اشباع شده، لبنيات، ادويه ها و حتي بسياري از خوراکي هاي گياهي، مي توانند به تنظيم سوخت و ساز و همچنين چربي سوزي بدن شما کمک کنند. سفيده تخم مرغ، يکي از بهترين خوردني ها براي رژيم هاي غذايي سالم و کامل به حساب مي آيد. سفيده تخم مرغ، سرشار از پروتئين و املاح مورد نياز بدن بوده و هيچ نوع چربي اشباع شده اي ندارد. در نتيجه مي توان روزانه به ميزان دلخواه (4 تا 6 عدد) سفيده تخم مرغ مصرف کرد. گفتني است که روزانه دو عدد سفيد تخم مرغ به همراه يک تکه نان، مي تواند پروتئين مورد نياز بدن براي وعده صبحانه را تامين کند؛ همچنين احساس سيري مناسبي را براي شما به وجود مي آورد. در نتيجه سفيده تخم مرغ يکي از بهترين گزينه ها براي وعده صبحانه است.
بر اساس تحقيق هاي انجام شده، دارچين باعث کاهش ميزان گليسمي خون مي شود؛ به زبان ساده تر مي توان گفت که بعضي از ترکيب هاي طبيعي موجود در دارچين، مانند انسولين عمل کرده و باعث آزاد شدن ذخاير گلوکوز به عنوان منبع انرژي بدن مي شود. در نتيجه همه اين اتفاق ها، ميزان گليسمي خون کاهش پيدا کرده و از ذخاير چربي بدن کم مي شود که اين اتفاق، تاثير مستقيم بر لاغر شدن فرد در رژيم غذايي دارد؛ در نتيجه بهتر است در رژيم غذايي سالم خود، از ادويه دارچين به ميزان کافي استفاده کنيد. دانه هاي روغني، از مواد خوراکي بسيار مهم و ضروري براي بدن هستند. از جمله اين دانه ها مي توان به تخمهي کدو، تخمهي آفتابگردان، بادام، گردو، کنجد و بسياري موراد ديگر اشاره کرد. اين دانه هاي روغني، سرشار از پروتئين، چربي هاي مفيد براي بدن و فيبر هستند که در کنار ثابت نگه داشتن ميزان گلسيمي خون، اشتهاي شما را هم کنترل مي کنند. در رژيم هاي غذايي سالم، بهتر است روزانه يک الي دو قاشق از اين دانه هاي روغني استفاده شود. به خاطر داشته باشيد که اين دانه هاي روغني در کنار خواص بسيار زياد، کالري زيادي هم دارند؛ در نتيجه مصرف بيش از حد آن ها هم مي تواند براي بدن مشکل ساز شودMegan, Ariel, Nikita ve Mina baştan çıkarma ve hükmetme oyunları arasında, var olduklarını bile bilmedikleri duyumları keşfedecekler. Kocasının isteği üzerine Nikita, geceleri sadece en güzel iç çamaşırlarıyla ve topuklu ayakkabılarıyla sokaklarda dolaşmaya başlar. Dairesine geri dönerken, kocasının iki arkadaşını davet ettiğini görür ve o gece için en sapkın arzularına teslim olmayı kabul eder.The Cytogenetic Biodosimetry Laboratory is operated as part of ORISE’s Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site (REAC/TS) and is supported by DOE’s National Nuclear Security Administration and Office of Worker Safety and Health, as well as the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
By operating a cytogenetic biodosimetry laboratory, the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) is helping the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) close a critical gap in our nation’s ability to respond to a mass casualty radiation incident.
Should there be an attack involving radiological or nuclear materials affecting a large population, cytogenetic biodosimetry is a proven technique that can be used to calculate the radiation exposure dose of victims. Knowing this information ultimately results in better treatment decisions and better management of valuable response resources.
Cytogenetic biodosimetry uses the human body’s response to radiation as the basis for accurately estimating the radiation dose.
Advantages of cytogenetic biodosimetry:
- The process is standardized and scalable with relatively low costs.
- Provides a refined dose estimate for patients who need aggressive or more specialized medical care.
- Detects or confirms false positives and false negatives.
- Provides an added depth of information to decision-makers and public health officials who assess the magnitude of exposures.
How Cytogenetic Biodosimetry Works
When the energy associated with ionizing forms of radiation is transferred to atoms and molecules in human cells and tissues, the chromosomal DNA is damaged in proportion to the type and amount of energy that is absorbed.
Chromosomal abnormalities, such as dicentrics, can be induced by a radiation exposure. The number of dicentrics is quantified and compared to a known calibration curve in order to derive a dose estimate. This strategy for dose estimation is valid because lymphocytes express the damage regardless of whether they are in or out of the body at the time of exposure.
The process used by ORISE’s cytogenetics researchers provides for the identification and scoring of abnormal chromosomes and nuclei. This allows researchers to quantify DNA damage.
Research to Improve the Technique
Our researchers are continuing to investigate ways to improve the accuracy and speed of cytogenetic analytical methods. Several methods and equipment improvements are underway and indicate great potential for decreasing processing time.
- Cytogenetic Biodosimetry: The Process
- Cytogenetic Biodosimetry Laboratory conducts international exercise to assess radiation dose estimation
- Cytogenetic Biodosimetry Laboratory Helps Develop International Web-Based, Chromosome-Scoring Network
- Cytogenetic Biodosimetry Laboratory Featured in Health Physics Society Newsletterدر بیشتر کارخانجات کوچک و بزرگ و در ساختمان های مسکونی و تجاری بزرگ يکي از مهمترين و اساسي ترين دستگاه های موجود برج خنک کننده می باشد. برج خنک کن علاوه بر آب به منظور خنک کردن سيالاتي ديگر در تهویه مطبوع و صنعت مورد استفاده قرار می گیرند.
صنایع برادران حقیقی با بیش از 30 سال سابقه در تولید انواع چیلر، تونل انجماد و سردخانه همراه شما عزیزان است. برای اطلاع از قیمت ها و همچنین خرید تجهیزات سردخانه با مشاوران ما در سردخانه حقیقی تماس بگیرید.
برج خنک کننده چیست؟
برج خنک کننده ( Cooling tower ) وسیلهای است برای دفع حرارت اضافی آب مورد استفاده در چگالنده. برج خنک کن معمولاً با تبخیر آب، حرارت تولید شده را دفع کرده و سیل سرویس را تا دمای حباب مرطوب هوا پایین میآورند
طرز کار برج خنک کننده
در سيستم برج خنک کننده، آب گرم کندانسور یا آب جهت خنک شدن، از برج خنک کننده عبور مي کند و با هوا تماس مي يابد. در برج هاي خنک کننده با کشش طبيعي، پوسته خارجي برج از بتن مسلح ساخته شده و روي پايه ها تکيه دارد . هوا از قسمت پائين وارد برج خنک کننده مي شود و به طرف بالا جريان مي يابد و از دهانه بالاي برج خارج مي شود.
آب گرم، از کندانسور در ارتفاع 10 الی 15 متر بالاتر از سطح استخر، به سيستم پخش کننده آب وارد مي شود. در برج هاي قديمي تر صفحه اي که آب خروجي از کندانسور به آن ريخته مي شود داراي سوراخ هاي منظمي در قسمت پائين است که آب از داخل اين سوراخها به فنجان هاي زيرين مي ريزد. اين فنجان ها باعث پاشش آب و تبديل آنها به قطرات کوچک مي شوند. براي پخش آب در برج خنک کننده با استفاده از لوله هايي است که در سطح بالاي آن شيپوره ها و ارفیس هایی براي پاشش آب گذاشته شده است.
تبادل حرارت بين هواي بالارونده از برج و آبي که از برج سر می رود، با تغيير حرارت محسوس در اثر اختلاف درجه حرارت بين آب و هوا انجام مي شود. سهم اين قسمت از تبادل حرارتي پایین است و قسمت بیشتر این تبادل در اثر تبخير مقدار کمي آب که پيوسته همراه هوا مي باشد،انجام مي شود. اين عمل باعث می شود که مقدار زيادي گرما از آب سرازير شده در برج خنک کننده به هوا منتقل شود.
مقداري از قطرات آب، به وسيله هوا به خارج از برج پراکنده مي شود. براي جلوگيري از خروج قطرات آب يک شبکه چوب در اطراف برج و حدود 3 متر بالاتر از توده تخته ها قرار می گیرد که به آن قطره گیر یا الیمیناتور گفته می شود. کمبود آب تبخير شده در سيستم برج خنک کننده، بايد از منبع خارجي جبران بشود که به آن، آب تکميلي يا آب جبراني می گويند.
براي اين منظوراز نزدیک ترین منبع آب شیرین در دسترس مثل آب رودخانه، چاه، آب شهر استفاده می شود و يا فاضلاب ها را تا حد امکان صاف و تصفيه کرده و جایگزین منابع آب شیرین می کنند.
انواع برج خنک کننده (انواع برج خنک کن)
برج خنک کننده دستگاهي است که با ايجاد سطح وسيع تماس آب با هوا ،تبخير آب را شدت بخشیده و به دلیل گرماگیر بودن فرایند تبخیر ،باعث خنک شدن سريع آب سیستم کولینگ مي گردد. و 3 نوع از این برج وجود دارد.
1- برج خنک کننده مرطوب ( WET – COOLING TOWER)
برج هاي خنک کننده مرطوب بصورت برج هاي خنک کننده با کشش طبيعي و برج هاي خنک کننده با کشش مکانيکي دسته بندي مي شوند. برج هاي خنک کننده مرطوب حرارت تلف شده به وسيله دستگاه را به وسيله مکانيزم هاي زير به محيط مي دهند:
- بوسيله افزايش حرارت هواي اطراف
- بوسيله تبخير بخشي از آب در حال گردش در سيستم
- بوسيله افزايش دماي مخزن طبيعي آب جمع آوري سرد شده
برج هاي خنک کننده يک سيستم توزيع و پخش آب گرم دارند که آب را بصورت يکنواخت روي يک شبکه کاري مشبک از تخته هاي افقي نزديک به هم مي باشد که اين شبکه ها آکنه ناميده مي شوند. آکنه ها آب سرازير شده از بالاي برج را با هوايي که از ميان آنها حرکت مي کند کاملاً مخلوط کرده بطوري که آب بصورت يک قطره از يک آکنه به سطح آکنه ديگر توسط نيروي ثقل خود مي ريزد. هواي بيروني از طريق منافذي که بصورت ميله هاي افقي در اطراف برج قرار دارند وارد مي شوند.
اين ميله ها بمنظور نگهداري آب در داخل خود بطرف پائين مايل هستند. در اثر اختلاط آب و هوا ، انتقال حرارت و انتقال جرم اتفاق افتاده و در نتيجه آب سرد مي گردد. آب سرد شده در حوضچه بتني که در انتهاي برج قرار دارد جمع آوري شده و سپس بطرف کندانسور پمپ مي شود. اکنون هواي مرطوب و گرم از بالاي برج خارج مي گردد .
2- برج خنک کننده خشک (DRY – COOLING TOWER)
در مکان هایی که آب کافي براي برج خنک کننده مرطوب وجود ندارد، مي بايست از اتلاف بر اثر تبخير حداکثر جلوگيري بعمل آورد ، از اين نوع برج استفاده مي شود. دربرج هاي خنک کننده خشک، آب در حال گردش از ميان لوله هاي پره دار عبور کرده بطوريکه هواي سرد از روي آنها عبور مي کند .بنابراين حرارت آب در حال گردش از طريق لوله ها خارج شده و جذب هواي سرد مي شود.
برج هاي خنک کننده خشک مي توانند با کشش طبيعي و يا با کشش مکانيکي عمل نمايند .يک افشانک هوا که با بخار کار مي کند با خارج کردن هوا و ساير گازهاي غير قابل تراکم به برقراري خلا کمک مي کند. براي جلوگيري از نشت هوا به داخل دستگاه پمپ گراديان اصلي فشار در داخل برج را مثبت نگه مي دارد .ممکن است قسمتي ازکار پمپ توسط توربين هيدروليک بازيابي گردد. اين عمل پس از خروج آب از برج در مسير آب فشانه هاي جتي انجام مي گيرد.
فشار متراکم و درجه حرارتهايي که يک برج خنک کننده خشک بکار مي برد بطور قابل ملاحظه اي بيشتر از برج مرطوب است. براي دستيابي به فشار بيشتر ، مساحت کوچکتري براي فضاي بين دو تيغه آخرين مرحله در بوربين با فشار کم ضروري است. در يک برج خنک کننده خشک با کشش طبيعي، شناوري هواي گرم شده باعث جريان يافتن هوا در سرتاسر سطوح مولد حرارتي مي گردد که براي انتقال حرارت آب داغ به جريان هوا ضروري است .
3- برج هاي خنک کننده خشک-مرطوب (WET-DRY COOLING TOWER)
با توضيحاتي که در مورد دو نوع برج هاي قبلي داده شد مشخص مي شود که برج هاي مرطوب هميشه مقداري آب بصورت تبخير، مکش توسط هوا و نشتي مصرف مي کنند .همچنين اين برج دچار مشکل پراکندن ذرات آب هست. برج هاي خنک کننده خشک مشکلي بر کارکرد نيروگاه بخصوص در موقع گرم شدن هواي محيط تحميل مي کند.
در چنين مواردي براي کاهش عوارض حاصل از دو نوع برج ذکر شده از برج هاي خنک کنننده خشک-مرطوب استفاده مي شود. همانطوري که از نام اين نوع برج هاي خنک کننده استنباط مي شود يک برج خنک کننده خشک- مرطوب بوسيله ترکيبي از برجهاي خشک و مرطوب عمل مي کند. اين سيستم داراي دو مسير هواي موازي و دو مسير آب سري مي باشد.
قسمت بالاي برج قسمت خشک مي باشد که شامل لوله هاي پره دار است و قسمت پائين برج داراي آکنه ها است قسمت مرطوب است. آب گرم پروسس از قسمت فوقاني برج وارد لوله هاي پره دار شده و ضمن عبور ماپيچ از لوله ها قسمت خشک را ترک کرده و تحت اثر نيروي جاذبه از ميان آکنه ها در قسمت مرطوب به حوضچه آب سرد مي ريزد.
هواي محيط بصورت دو جريان از ميان قسمتهاي خشک ومرطوب کشيده مي شود .اين دو جريان بهم پيوسته و قبل از ترک برج در داخل آن مخلئط مي شود. چون اولين جريان بصورت خشک گرم شده و حتي خشک تر از هواي محيط مي شود . در حاليکه جريان دوم بطور معمول اشباع است ، بنابراين مخلوط هواي که برج را ترک مي کند زير اشباع است.
دو فايده مهم براي برج هاي خشک و مرطوب وجود دارد :
- هواي زير اشباع خروجي ذرات آب کمتري نسبت به برج مرطوب ايجاد نموده و شرايط اقليمي مطلوب آنها را کاملاً حذف مي کند .
- چون آب در قسمت خشک قبلاً خنک شده است بنابراين افت هاي ناشي از تبخير در قسمت مرطوب کاهش يافته است و در نتيجه از مصرف آب جبراني براي جبران تبخير آب بطور قابل ملاحظه اي کاسته خواهد شد .
نسبت حرارت گرفته شده در قسمت هاي خشک و مرطوب بوسيله دو پارامتر تنظيم مي گردد . براي مثال اگر آب مشکل اصلي باشد ، برج را با قسمت خشک بزرگتري نسبت به قسمت مرطوب مي سازند . بعلاوه تبخير را مي توان توسط يک کنترل کننده که جريان هوا را از ميان قسمت مرطوب تنظيم مي کند تغيير داد .
در آب و هواي سرد زمستان براي تقليل اختلاف دماي ورودي و خروجي آب به برج براي معتدل ساختن دماي آب برگشتي به پروسس، عبور هوا از ميان قسمت مرطوب را قطع نموده و برج را بصورت يک برج خنک کننده خشک تبديل کرد .
از طرف ديگر مي توان زير فن يک مانع بصورت يک در تعبيه کرد که مي توان از آن در آب و هواي گرم که قسمت خشک برج مشکلي براي کارکرد نيروگاهي ايجاد مي کند براي افزايش دماي محيط استفاده کرد . برجهاي خنک کننده خشک – مرطوب در موارديکه امکان دسترسي به آب هست و نيز نياز به کاهش مؤثر ذرات باشد مورد استفاده قرار مي گيرد .
ظرفیت برج خنک کننده (ظرفیت برج خنک کننده صنعتی)
هنگامي که از نظر فضاي ساختمان برج خنک کننده محدوديتي وجود داشته باشد ظرفيت برج خنک کننده را تا حد امکان با استفاده از بلوورهای مخصوص و بزرگي اضافه مي کنند. اين بادبزن ها مقدار عبور هوای خنک کننده در داخل برج را به شدت افزایش می دهند.
عوامل مؤثر در طراحي برج خنک کننده
عوامل مؤثر در طراحي برج هاي خنک کننده را بطور خلاصه مي توان بصورت زير بيان کرد:
- ميزان افت درجه حرارت (اختلاف دماي ورودي وخروجي برج)دلتا
- اختلاف بين درجه حرارت آب سرد و درجه حرارت مرطوب هوا
- دماي مرطوب محيط : اصولاً خنک کردن آب زير اين دما غير ممکن است .
- شدت جريان آب
- شدت جريان هوا
- نوع آکنه هاویا پکینگ هایبرجخنک کننده
- روش پخش آب و آرایش افشانه ها
نکات مهم برای استفاده از سیستم های خنک کننده
- براي هر ۱۰ درجه فارنهايت افت دما در برج خنک کننده ميزان تبخير در حدود يک درصد کل آب در حال گردش مي باشد
- چون نمک هاي کلرور حلاليت زيادي دارند غلظت يون کلر در آب ورودي به برج وآب در حال گردش راهنماي بسيار خوبي براي تعيين غلظت بوده و بنابراين هميشه بايد آن را بازديد و بررسي نمود .و یا از پارامتر هایی مانند کل املاح محلول (tds)و یا ضریب هدایت الکتریکی آب استفاده نمود
- افزايش غلظت مواد محلول و مواد معلق در آب در حال گردش در برج خنک کننده ايجاد اشکال و انسداد و رسوب مي کند که براي جلوگيري از افزايش غلظت مواد محلول و مواد معلق مقداری از آب در حال گردش را تخليه مي کنند که اين آب در صنعت به زير آب (Blow down) معروف است .بل
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örgütlenmiş ulusal ve kimi durumlarda uluslararası kapitalist birliklerin; pazarın kumandası için, zayıf ülkelerin topraklarına sahip olmak ya da denetlemek için, yani onları acımasızca ezme hakkına tek başına sahip olmak için giriştikleri rekabet, kaçınılmaz olarak en zengin kapitalist ülkeler arasında bütün dünyanın paylaşılması girişimlerine, evrensel ıstıraplara, yıkımlara ve yozlaşmaya neden olan emperyalist savaşlara yol açmaktadır.”
Burada bir dizi teorik hatanın üstünü örten bir yığın sözcükle karşı karşıyayız. Kimse dünyayı bölüşme “girişimleri”nden bahsedemez, çünkü dünya çoktan bölüşülmüştür. 1914-17 Savaşı, dünyayı “bölüşme girişimi” değil, çoktan bölüşülmüş olan dünyanın yeniden paylaşılması mücadelesidir. Savaş kapitalizm için kaçınılmaz bir hale geldi, çünkü ondan birkaç yıl önce emperyalizm dünyayı, bugün artık eskiyen ve savaş tarafından “düzeltilmekte” olan güç ölçeğine göre bölüştürmüştür.
Sömürgeler (“yeni topraklar”) için verilen mücadele ve “zayıf ülkelerin topraklarına sahip olma” mücadelesi, hepsi emperyalizmden önce gerçekleşti. Modern emperyalizm başka bir şey tarafından karakterize edilir, yirminci yüzyılın başında tüm dünyanın çeşitli ülkelerce bölüşülmüş ve işgal edilmiş olması olgusunca. Kapitalizmde, “dünya egemenliği”nin yeniden paylaşılmasının ancak bir dünya savaşı pahasına gerçekleşebilecek olmasının nedeni de budur. “Uluslararası kapitalist birlikler” emperyalizmden önce vardı. Çeşitli ülkelerden kapitalistlerin üye oldukları her anonim ortaklık bir “uluslararası kapitalist birlik”tir.
Emperyalizmin ayırt edici özelliği tamamıyla farklı bir şeydir, yirminci yüzyıldan önce varolmayan bir şey; uluslararası tröstler arasında dünyanın ekonomik olarak paylaşılması, ülkelerin pazar alanları olarak anlaşmalarla paylaşılması. Bu özel nokta Yoldaş Sokolnikov’un taslağında belirtilmemiş, böylece de emperyalizm, gerçekte olduğundan çok daha zayıf gösterilmiştir.
Son olarak, muazzam bir artı-değer birikiminin dünya pazarına akıtılmasından söz etmek teorik bakımdan doğru değildir. Bu görüş, kapitalistlerin hem sabit hem de değişken sermayeyi kolayca realize edebileceğini, ancak artı-değeri realize etmekte zorlanacağını ileri süren Proudhon’un realizasyon teorilerinden birini çağrıştırıyor. İşin doğrusu, kapitalistler, zorluklar ve krizler olmaksızın ne sabit ve değişken sermayeyi ne de artı-değeri realize edebilirler. Örneğin, demir ya da ray stokları dünya pazarına çıkarılırlar ve işçilerce tüketilen eşyalarla ya da diğer üretim araçları (odun, petrol vb.) ile mübadele edilmeleri gerekir.
VI
Yoldaş Sokolnikov’un taslağını incelememizi böylece sonuçlandırırken, önerdiği ve bana göre benimsenip daha da geliştirilmesi gereken çok değerli bir eklemeye dikkat çekmeliyiz. Teknik ilerleme ve kadın ve çocuk emeğinin daha fazla istihdamını ele alan paragrafa şu cümlenin eklenmesini öneriyor: “geri kalmış ülkelerden ithal edilen vasıfsız yabancı işçi emeğinde olduğu gibi”. Bu ekleme değerlidir ve gereklidir. Geri ülkelerden gelen ve daha kötü ücretlendirilen emeğin sömürülmesi özellikle emperyalizmin niteliklerinden biridir. “Ucuz” yabancı işçilerin emeğini utanmazca ve sınırsızca sömürürken, kendi işçilerinin bir kısmına yüksek ücretlerle rüşvet veren zengin emperyalist ülkelerin asalaklığı, bir dereceye kadar bu sömürüye dayanır. “Daha kötü ücretlendirilmiş” sözcükleri ve aynı zamanda “ve genellikle haklarından yoksun olarak” ifadesi eklenmelidir, çünkü “uygar” ülkelerin sömürücüleri her zaman ithal yabancı işçilerin hakları olmayışının avantajlarından yararlanmışlardır. Bu olgu Almanya’da Rusya’dan ithal edilen işçilerde; İsviçre’de İtalyan; Fransa’da İspanyol ve İtalyan işçilerinde vb. sıklıkla görülmektedir.
Belki, sömürgeleri ve zayıf ulusları soyarak asalakça refaha ulaşan en zengin emperyalist ülkelerin bir avuç oluşunun önemini programımızda çok daha güçlü bir şekilde vurgulamak ve çok daha canlı bir şekilde ifade etmek uygun olabilir. Bu, emperyalizmin son derece önemli bir özelliğidir. Bu, emperyalist yağmaya maruz kalan ve büyük emperyalistlerce ezilme ve bölüşülme tehlikesine düşen ülkelerde (Rusya gibi) güçlü devrimci hareketlerin yükselişini belli bir dereceye kadar kolaylaştırmaktadır. Öte yandan emperyalist yöntemlerle birçok sömürgeyi ve yabancı toprağı yağmalayan ve böylece de kendi nüfuslarının (nispeten) çok büyük bir bölümünü emperyalist ganimetin paylaşımının ortakları haline getiren ülkelerdeki esaslı devrimci hareketlerin yükselişini belli bir ölçüde önleme eğilimi de taşımaktadır.
Bundan dolayı, en zenginlerce bir dizi zayıf ülkenin sömürülmesi konusunun taslağımda sosyal-şovenizmin tanımlandığı bölüme eklenmesini önerebilirim. Taslaktaki ilgili pasaj böylece şu şekle bürünür (eklemeler italiktir):
“Böylesi bir sapma, ilkin, sosyal-şovenist (lafta sosyalist gerçekte şovenist) eğilimdir, bir emperyalist savaş peşinden koşan “kendi” ulusal burjuvazisinin yağmacı çıkarlarını gizlemek ve sömürgeleri ve zayıf ulusları yağmalayarak devasa kârlar elde eden zengin ulusların yurttaşlarının ayrıcalıklı konumlarını korumak için “anavatan savunusu” sloganını kullanmaktır. Diğer taraftan buna benzer başka bir sapma ise, aynı ölçekte geniş ve uluslararası bir hareket olan “Merkezci” harekettir, vs.”
Daha kesin bir ifade olması için “emperyalist bir savaşta” sözcüklerini eklemek zorunludur. “Anavatan savunusu”, savaşı onaylamaktan, onu meşru ve haklı göstermekten başka bir şey değildir. Farklı türden savaşlar vardır. Devrimci savaşlar da söz konusu olabilir. Bu nedenle neyi kastediyorsak kesin olarak söylemeliyiz: Emperyalist savaş. Bu şüphesiz anlaşılıyor, ancak yanlış anlaşılmasından kaçınmak için, ima edilmemeli, doğrudan ve açıkça ifade edilmelidir.
Prosveshcheniye, no.1-2
Collected Works, Cilt 26, s.163-69
Amerika Komünist OlursaA skydive is the name given to the act of leaving an aircraft at altitude and falling for a short while before opening a parachute and returning to earth. That falling or “freefall” as it’s known is what defines a skydive.
Skydiving is a popular sport enjoyed by hundreds of thousands of people around the world. A qualified skydiver can develop their skills to skydive with other people for fun, or competitively using a number of different flying techniques.
Skydiving is not a stunt, it’s a skilled sport that offers almost an almost unlimited progression path for those that want it, it’s highly sociable sport with a wide range of different participants. Many people liken the experience of skydiving to that of flying without wingsسازگاری را می توان به عنوان رویکردی برای توسعه متناسب با ظرفیت هوای طبیعی، اجتماعی، اقتصادی، فرهنگی و… موجود به منظور برآورد نیازهای جامعه تعریف نمود.
علاوه بر مفهوم فوق، سیستم سازگار شونده، پویایی محیط های طبیعی و انسانی را رصد نموده و مستمراً آمادگی و توانایی تطبیق با شرایط جدید و حفظ سازگاری را دارد. مبحث مدیریت تطبیقی (Adaptive Management)در علم مدیریت، ناظر بر این نوع از سازگاری است.Auto Layout 是一个掌握起来很具有挑战性的东西。iOS 9引入的 Stack Views 和 layout 锚点有一些帮助,但是明白如何创建特定的 layout仍有一定难度。
在这篇文章中我想着眼于一个经常出现的情形: 你需要沿一个轴向按固定比例放置视图。可能并不是十分明显, 但是这个需求可以通过 一个multiplier中心对齐来轻松实现，它是一种在有无Stack Views情况下都可以使用的技术。
问题
设想我们要构建这样一个布局，上面有两排图片视图，都是基于父视图宽度和高度的某一百分比放置。之所以使用图片视图, 是因为如果意外地把它们拉伸或压缩了, 可以十分明显得看出来。
当视图适应不同的屏幕大小时, layout 会保持相同的比例。下面是同一个视图在横屏模式下的情形：
一旦你看出来我们是基于视图中心进行对齐的，你就会发现我们可以只使用中心对齐约束来创建整个布局。对每个imageView，我们需要一对约束来确定其在X轴和Y轴的位置，一般的格式是这样的:
imageView.CenterX = view.CenterX * modifier imageView.CenterY = view.CenterY * modifier
modifier参数将imageView放置在父视图尺寸的某个百分比的位置上，如下所示:
寓教于乐。这里有三种方式来创建该布局，第一是使用 IB, 第二是用代码添加约束，第三是使用 stack view.
使用Interface Builder创建约束
对每个 image view 我们需要添加两个约束。使用文档大纲工具栏或者直接在视图画布中按住 control 键从 image view 中拖拽到父视图上。每一个都添加一个“Center Horizontally in Container”和“Certer Vertically in Container”约束。
现在, 编辑每个约束来设置我们需要的百分比例。下面是左上角的红心图片视图的水平和垂直约束设置：
注意这也是给我们的约束添加identifiers 的好时机。完成后，你应该添加了10个约束，如下所示：
以代码形式创建约束
在看添加约束的代码之前，我要提下一个常见的错误，当使用代码添加视图时, 你需要关闭视图的 autoresizing mask 向 constraints 的转变。如果不这样做，系统会自动创建约束，这会和我们创建的约束发生冲突。
//...code to create image view... imageView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false view.addSubview(imageView)
有几种创建这些约束的方法，我将会在视图控制器的 viewDidLoad 方法中创建. 一个简单的辅助函数会使创建每个 NSLayoutConstraint 的过程不那么麻烦:
func addConstraintFromView(subview: UIView?, attribute: NSLayoutAttribute, multiplier: CGFloat, identifier: String) { if let subview = subview { let constraint = NSLayoutConstraint(item: subview, attribute: attribute, relatedBy: .Equal, toItem: view, attribute: attribute, multiplier: multiplier, constant: 0) constraint.identifier = identifier view.addConstraint(constraint) } }
这样就可以创建并添加一个相对于父视图的约束 (使用视图控制器的 view 属性)。NSLayoutAttribute 参数在水平约束中为 .CenterX，在竖直约束中为 .CenterY。例如，下面是上面一行的红心图片视图的约束：
// vertical constraint addConstraintFromView(heartTop, attribute: .CenterY, multiplier: 0.667, identifier: "heartTop center Y") // horizontal constraint addConstraintFromView(heartTop, attribute: .CenterX, multiplier: 0.5, identifier: "heartTop center X")
剩下的和这个类似，全部设置见示例代码。
使用Stack View呢？
无论何时只要你遇到水平或垂直布局的问题，你就要想到 stack view。向 stack view 中添加 image views 是很 简单 的，但是如何配置呢? 我们不想让stack view中堆满views, 所以 Axis 选择水平轴向, 使用“Equal Spacing”分布方式：
现在我们需要约束 stack view 的大小和位置:
-
使用和设置图片视图竖直位置相同的方式设置每个 stack view 的竖直位置。使用modifier中心约束 (例如顶部 stack view 使用 stackView.centerY = 0.667 * superview.centerY 约束)。
-
向每个 stack view 添加一个水平居中的约束。
-
最后的约束需要一点小小的技巧，我们需要确定 stack view 的宽度，使用 stack view 的 leading 和 trailing 边缘是最简单的方式:
左上的 image view 的中心应该是父视图中心的 0.5 倍. 那么我们需要 stack view 的左边向左移动image view 宽度的一半. image view 大小时 100×100, 所以我们需要在约束中减去 50:
注意在 IB 中添加这个约束时你需要改变第二项为 superview center，equal spacing 分布方式将会为我们修正 trailing 位置. 用类似的方法处理下方的 stack view，于是我们最终结果如下:
这是我发现的一种用代码添加约束要比在IB中编辑简单得多的一种情形，尤其是当我们可以在运行时计算 image view 的大小时。
2016-01-31 更新: 还有一个更简单的方法，为最左边图片的中心添加一个约束，stack view 会改变大小来适应，而不需要计算图片的大小。详见代码。
补充阅读
你可以在 GitHub CodeExamples 上找到这篇帖子的代码，它包含IB、代码和 stack view 三个版本，你可以比较下这几个方法。With the nation focused on looming spending cuts, almost anything and everything, it seems, is on the cutting block. That includes spending items often described as “untouchable,” such as the military, as well as critical health programs, including those that take care of the mentally ill, not to mention education initiatives.
The last few years have been a laboratory study in what happens when state budgets or federal programs are cut, often in ways that appear indiscriminate.
On the one hand, this has led to additional research on what the long-run effects of such short-run cost-cutting activities may be.
Military leaders in a letter to Congress (http://apne.ws/XZIwiC), have warned that the nation is “on the brink of creating a hollow force;” and one advocacy group has been counting reductions in “non-Medicaid state mental health spending” that amount to $1.6 billion from 2009 to 2011 (see the report here: http://bit.ly/x2k3Dv).
On the other hand, these developments also highlight the need for a constant re-evaluation of what kind of programs justify spending scarce resources, given the best evidence available regarding their efficacy.
One area that has and is receiving considerable scrutiny is the question of how to best reduce achievement gaps in academic performance. Many state and federal efforts are aimed at ensuring that children — who may otherwise not be able to succeed because of economic disadvantages — receive assistance during their academic careers.
Numerous studies seem to indicate that early intervention is preferable to efforts targeted at, for example, teenagers. The reasons for that may be manifold and causality is difficult to establish, but habit formation may be one of them.
One recent study by three economists seems to provide strong evidence that targeted pre-K programs result in significant and positive payoffs with respect to learning outcomes (an earlier version is available at: http://bit.ly/XZJv27).
The authors conducted what amounts to a first large-scale study of “whether modest programs, perhaps the best that can hoped for in the current budgetary environment, are worth implementing.”
Such a caveat had to be included because the study subject, the state-sponsored pre-K program in the state of Texas aimed at bolstering “the academic performance of at risk children,” has received low grades for quality on national surveys.
Thus, the results reported in this study, are encouraging in terms of how scarce resources can be used even if they are not sufficient in creating the ideal programs. Utilizing data from 10 million students over a period of 13 years, the authors find “that having participated in pre-K is associated with increased scores on the math and reading sections of the third grade … Texas Assessment of Academic Skills, reductions in the likelihood of being retained in grade and reductions in the probability of receiving special education services.”
Of course, that shouldn’t be misused as an argument to not aim for the sky when it comes to the education of at-risk children. There are many small-scale and experimental studies, which have shown that larger targeted investments will result in even better long-term outcomes.
However, what this study teaches us is that even in short-term budget crunches, we shouldn’t lose sight of what is important in the long run.
Smartly spending scarce resources on our children’s education is almost always the best long-term solution — for the kids and for the nation.
Dr. Michael Reksulak teaches economics and public finance in Georgia Southern University’s College of Business Administration. He may be reached by email at [email protected] writing, as in life, it's often the similarities of things that bring about the most conflict. Familiarity breeds contempt. Here are some ideas to use those similarities as well as differences to enhance characterization and conflict.
1. Is there a particular type of feud that underlies part of your character's background? For example, is her brother in the Army, and her hero's brother is in the Navy, and she meets her hero at halftime during the Army-Navy game? Imagine they are both wearing sweatshirts with Army or Navy on them, and end up stepping forward at the same time in the concession stand. Turns out they have the same order (beer and hot dogs), and even both want only mustard on their dogs. How might the similarities as well as the differences fuel the conflicts, yet bring them closer together?
2. Write a backstory for each major character, so he has a reason for being the way he/she is. Did your hero become an outlaw because he broke the law while saving someone's life, but he hides this? Why? Does he have a dark secret about his past? Who else knows about it? Could this come out at a worse time than now? What will he do
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force ‘normal’ on us.
Professionals talk solemnly of our many deficits, and we’re often assumed to be lacking in intelligence, especially those of us who can’t use oral speech to communicate our needs. And despite decades of raising awareness, the system isn’t really that much better at understanding us or providing for our needs than it ever was.
That’s what ‘autism awareness’ has brought us to.
To digress a little – since the recent terrorist attack in Christchurch, an amazing thing has happened. The average Kiwi has begun to see their Muslim neighbours as human, as fellow Kiwis, not some alien, semi-sinister ‘other’. I’ve often longed for a similar transformation – without the tragedy! – of how autistics are viewed. Instead I’ve been waiting for someone to suggest the killer was autistic, because that’s happened all too many times before with mass shootings. The counterpart to Islamophobia is what I call neurophobia. It’s real, it’s out there, and it’s killing us as surely as bullets. Our suicide rates are far higher than the general population, as are our rates of unemployment and homelessness.
Many of us on the spectrum, naturally enough, along with our growing number of non-autistic allies, don’t much like ‘awareness’ campaigns. So, from small beginnings several years ago, we began a campaign and day/month of celebration instead – Autism Acceptance, which has now spread worldwide.
Autism Acceptance means simply that – acceptance, even embracing, of autistics and autism, making us welcome in the world. It’s about recognising that we are members of the human community, and just as deserving of basic human rights, even while acknowledging that our humanness is expressed differently.
It involves centering autistic voices, understanding that we are the real experts on autism, rather than marginalising and ignoring us, as awareness campaigns usually do. It includes understanding that our autism is not separate from us, but intrinsic to our very nature, hence our preference for ‘identity-first’ rather than ‘person-first’ language – ‘autistic’, not ‘with autism’. It also involves the support of our non-autistic allies, such as those at Altogether Autism, who are open to understanding what it’s really like to be autistic, and to see us as real people, not stereotypes.
Because when you look beyond those stereotypes, you’ll find we’re of all races, religions, nationalities, social classes, genders, sexualities, ages and talents. Of those of us who do work, we’re certainly not all computer geeks. We’re also academics, actors, teachers, office workers, truck drivers, photographers, vets, firefighters, chefs, posties, musicians and much more. Many of us are also parents, and/or have partners. But we all have areas of life we struggle with, even those who manage to present as ‘normal’. This is actually called ‘masking’ – we’ve learned how society views us, so we try to conceal our autism, even at great personal cost.
THE SO-CALLED LOW FUNCTIONING
I want to emphasise here, that when I talk about acceptance, I am most definitely including those deemed ‘low-functioning’. Most autistics actually loathe functioning labels. They are misleading and even dangerous. Misleading, because we’re all a mix of capabilities, it’s more helpful to talk of individual needs rather than trying to pigeonhole us. Some of us have higher needs than others, but all autistics have more in common with each other than they do non-autistics, no matter our outward appearance.
And dangerous, because these labels can be, and often are, used against us. There’s a saying amongst autistics – “if you’re deemed high-functioning, your struggles are ignored. If you’re deemed low-functioning, your strengths are ignored.” This is a frustrating reality for many. The labels are also used to try and divide us – so often, if we challenge a parent of an autistic child online on how they talk about or treat their child, they respond with some variation of ‘you’re-not-like-my-kid’, or ‘you’re-too-high-functioning-to-understand’. As if there are two types of autistic, and it’s okay to treat one sort badly, while the other sort should just shut up and let it happen. Even when we point out that we were once ‘like your kid’, and that you can’t tell online what a person’s capabilities are anyway.
AUTISM ACCEPTANCE IS THE GOAL
Autism acceptance, therefore, is about acknowledging autistics as part of the community, changing the public image of autism and autistics, and shifting the dialogue about autism from a negative stance to a positive one, centering autistics in that dialogue. We both want and need acceptance, not mere ‘awareness’, because the quality of our lives, and sometimes even whether or not we’ll have one, is at stake. And though much has been achieved, there is still a long way to go.
We’re here. We’ve always been here. We’re human. Accept us. Embrace us. Include us. You might be surprised at what happens.Ronson Il nome del marchio Ronson, famoso nel mondo, deriva dalla famiglia Aronson, che nel 1896 fondò a New York la "Art Metal Works". Solamente nel 1954 il signor Luis V. Aronson trasformò il nome in Ronson Corporation.
Durante la seconda guerra mondiale (1939-1945), la Ronson ebbe parte importante negli sforzi bellici.
La società continuò la produzione degli accendini Standard e Whirlwind.
Sempre durante la seconda guerra mondiale, la consociata inglese si trasferì in Caledonia Road dove fu pesantemente bombardata.
Nel 1952 la Ronson si trasferì in una nuova fabbrica a Leatherhead e firmò un accordo con il famoso industriale tedesco Max Braun,
per la produzione di rasoi elettrici.
Negli anni '50 la Ronson creò un nuovo sistema di ricarica chiamato "multi fill" ed introdusse una nuova linea di modelli tascabili, la "varaflame". Nasce il "Premier varaflame", universalmente riconosciuto come un trionfo di ingegneria abbinata ad una eleganza discreta.
Oggi l'accendino PREMIER è di certo riconosciuto ed accettato da tutti come un regalo di gran classe, inimitabile nel suo genere.
La Ronson Exports Limited nella sua attuale forma fu fondata nel 1982.
Nel gennaio 1994 l'attività viene rilevata dalla Halkinn Holdings, che nell'agosto del 1995 cambia il suo nome in Ronson.
Gli accendini Ronson sono i protagonisti dei film di Hollywood negli anni '30 e '60.
Sicuramente esiste un forte connubio amoroso tra il cinema di Hollywood e gli accendini Ronson.
In quei tempi era praticamente impossibile vedere un film senza che qualcuno non si accenda una sigaretta con un Ronson.
John FAIRFAX, il primo uomo ad attraversare L'Oceano Atlantico a remi, ha attribuito ad un accendino Ronson la salvezza della sua vita.
Infatti, il trentunenne di Brighton restò in mare per 180 giorni ed il butano del suo accendino Ronson fu il suo unico mezzo per accendere il gas usato per distillare l'acqua di mare e per cucinare il cibo.
torna indietroDünya genelinde gurbetçilerin yaşamak istedikleri ülkeler arasında Türkiye 10. sırada yer aldı. HSBC tarafından 7 bin kişi üzerinde yapılan 'gurbetçiler için dünyanın en önemli 10 ekonomisi' anketinde İsviçre birinci sırada, Mısır ise son sırada yer aldı. Ankete katılanlar daha çok maaşların yüksek olmasına, ve çalışacakları ülkelerin ekonomilerini göz önünde bulundurdu.
Yapılan çalışmada 10. sırada yer alan Türkiye için 'finans açısından hareketli ve teknolojik yatırımların artış gösterdiği bir ülke' ifadeleri kullanıldı. Güçlü ekonomik büyümenin yaşandığı Türkiye’de özellikle yaşam maliyetinin düşük olduğu, her 3 gurbetçi aileden birinin çocuk bakıcısı ve hizmetçi istihdam ettiği kaydedildi. Yine aynı ankete göre gurbetçilerin yüzde 81’i Türkiye ekonomisinden memnun.
Listenin birinci sırasında yer alan İsviçre için, Euro bölgesine bağlı bir ülke olmamasından dolayı ekonomik sıkıntıları atlattığı ve gelişmeye devam ettiği ifadelerine yer verildi. İsviçre’de yaşam maliyetinin ABD’den pahalı olduğu halde her 3 kişiden biri, ülkenin mali durumundan memnun. Bunun en önemli sebebi de maaşların yüksek olması. Expatfocus.com’a göre bir reklam yöneticisi 70- 90 bin İsviçre Frangı arasında para kazanabiliyor. Ekonomi analistleri 110-150 arası, banka danışmanları ise 165-195 bin İsviçre Frangı kazanabiliyor.
İkinci sırada yer alan Çin’de ise gurbetçilerin yüzde 61’i iyi eğitim görmüş kadınlardan oluşuyor. İşverenler, çalıştırdıkları işçi sayısına göre, ulaşım, sigorta ve vergi ödemeleri konusunda devletten destek alabiliyor. Ayrıca Çin’de Mandarin dilini konuşabilenler daha iyi maaş alabiliyor.Hyphessobrycon eques, conosciuto anche come Tetra gioiello o Tetra di Serpa, appartiene alla famiglia Characidae. Di forma romboidale e colore rosso, più o meno intenso secondo la zona di provenienza, è dotato di pinne ben sviluppate: la dorsale presenta una macchia nera con una leggera bordatura bianca, mentre la caudale, dal profilo marcatamente bilobato, può presentare un contorno nero. Dietro la dorsale è presente una piccola pinna adiposa. Caratteristica è la piccola macchietta nera dietro le branchie.Baymak kombiler, ısıtma sistemlerinin önemli bir parçasıdır ve bazen işlerini yaparken ses çıkarabilirler. Bu makale, Baymak kombilerin çalışırken meydana gelen seslerin nedenlerini anlamak, bu sesleri çözmek veya önlemek için neler yapabileceğinizi anlatmaktadır. Ayrıca, sorunları daha iyi anlamanıza yardımcı olmak için tablolar kullanacağız.
Baymak Kombi Çalışırken Ses Yapıyor Neden?
Baymak kombilerin çalışması sırasında çıkardığı seslerin birkaç nedeni olabilir. İşte bu sesler ve olası nedenleri:
|Ses Türü||Nedenler|
|Normal Çalışma Sesleri||Kombi çalışırken, fan, pompa ve diğer bileşenler normal işleyişleri sırasında bazı sesler üretebilir. Bu sesler genellikle normaldir ve endişelenmenize gerek yoktur.|
|Su Akış Sesleri||Kombi, ısıtma devresine su pompaladığında, su borulardan akarken ses çıkarabilir. Bu da genellikle normal bir durumdur.|
|Hava Tıkanıklığı||Kombinin içinde hava tıkanıklığı olması, ses çıkarmasına neden olabilir. Bu tıkanıklıklar, petek vanalarının kapalı olması, düşük su basıncı veya havalandırma engelleri gibi faktörlerden kaynaklanabilir.|
|Bileşen Arızası||Kombinin içindeki bileşenler arızalıysa, bu da ses yapabilir. Arızalı bileşenler arasında fan, pompa, gaz valfi, ateşleme elektrodu veya sensörler bulunur.|
Baymak Kombi Ses Sorunlarını Çözme Adımları
Baymak kombi ses sorunlarıyla karşılaştığınızda, aşağıdaki adımları takip ederek sorunun kaynağını belirleyebilir ve giderme yoluna gidebilirsiniz:
- Kombinin Su Basıncını Kontrol Edin: Kombinin su basıncını düzenli olarak kontrol edin. Düşük su basıncı, kombinin düzgün çalışmasını engelleyebilir.
- Petek Vanalarını Kontrol Edin: Petek vanalarının kapalı olup olmadığını kontrol edin. Kapalı vanalar, kombinin ısıtma devresinin işlevini yerine getirmesini engelleyebilir.
- Havalandırmayı Kontrol Edin: Kombinin havalandırmasının engellenip engellenmediğini kontrol edin. Eğer havalandırma engellenmişse, bu da ses yapabilir.
- Bileşenleri Kontrol Edin: Kombinin içindeki bileşenleri, özellikle fan, pompa, gaz valfi, ateşleme elektrodu ve sensörleri kontrol edin. Herhangi bir arıza veya hasar varsa, bu bileşenlerin değiştirilmesi gerekebilir.
Eğer yukarıdaki adımları takip ettikten sonra ses sorununu çözemezseniz veya sorun devam ederse, bir servis teknisyeninden yardım almanız gerekebilir.
Baymak kombinizin çalışma sırasında çıkardığı seslerin nedenini anlamak ve bu sorunları çözmek, kombinizin uzun ömürlü ve sorunsuz bir şekilde çalışmasını sağlamak için önemlidir. Seslerin çoğu normaldir, ancak anormal sesler, kombinin içindeki bileşenlerin veya sistemlerin sorunlu olduğuna işaret edebilir. Bu nedenle, ses sorunlarını ciddiye almalı ve gerektiğinde profesyonel yardım almalısınız.There are times when the right and wrong decisions are obvious, but what about the times where the outcome is less clear? Situations where, if nobody knew you made the wrong decision, you would benefit financially, emotionally, or otherwise. Ethics help us navigate the gray area between absolute right and morally wrong. They provide the structure that helps us make a decision we can be proud of. For me personally, ethics are the rules that society must adhere to.
Descartes may have said “I think, therefore I am” but it is not only thinking that makes mankind sentient, it’s the ability to think and act ethically. Without ethics, society would be reduced to the type of animal behaviour that is seen in nature. Hunt, kill, feed, fornicate. When mankind started to think about the outcome of their action, or inaction, ethics were born. Mankind demonstrates its difference from the rest of the animal kingdom by being imaginative enough to follow a concept through the various possible outcomes, and then deciding on the action that best suits the personal beliefs of the person in question.
There are many schools of thought to help us make our ethical choices. Epicurus believed if everyone is honest, prudent, and employs justice when dealing with others, they would be free from retribution from society. Basically, if everyone is good, everything will be good. John Stuart Mills held a variation on this belief, but felt it was more pure to remove the pleasure for oneself. Mills Utilitarianism provides a world where our rewards are not considered in our actions. For Mills, a mantra of “I will cut, you can choose” ensures that everyone gets a fair slice of the pie.
Immanuel Kant had a different idea about ethics. Kant saw everything as black or white, and mankind has a “duty without exception.” This view affords no wiggle room on any decision. If the outcome is bad in any way, then it is ethically wrong. W.D. Ross provided a more lenient view of Kant’s philosophy. By providing “self-evident duties” Ross helps us navigate the gray areas of the map by providing guidelines for us to follow. Ross starts with “First – do no harm” but then juxtaposes this with the second rule of “Make amends if you do harm.” By allowing for violations of the first rule, Ross allows mankind to make the decisions that suit their personal beliefs.
The argument against the previous philosophies is they are based on people, society, having an inherent understanding of what is good or bad. John Rawls developed a theory of justice that creates a “veil of ignorance.” By framing the ethical question in a way that the asker doesn’t know if they will benefit or be the victim within the equation, a true answer will develop. The understanding is that if you don’t know if you will benefit or suffer from the decision, you will create a more “fair” outcome for either party.
Just like humanity, ethical situations are evolving. Decisions that were considered ethical ten years ago are reevaluated because society has decided the original decision was not the correct one. We need to continue to explore the decisions from our past and determine if the answer we came up with is still acceptable today. Ethics are not static, but if we are consistent in our application of the above philosophies, we can ensure that we are able to carefully evaluate our decisions and further progress in our march away from our past mentality of hunt, kill, feed, and fornicate.您当前的位置：返佣啦 > 外汇开户 > 正文资本金外汇账户开户,外汇如何开户呢? 返佣啦 外汇开户
资本金外汇账户开户,外汇如何开户呢?
为什么要详细了解 资本金外汇账户开户, 外汇 如何开户呢？因为资本金外汇账户开户,外汇 如何开户可以为交易提供很多的技巧，比如以下这些内容。
比尔·盖茨从1975年与保罗·艾伦（Paul Allen）创立微软以来一直担任公司首席执行官，直到2000年，史蒂夫·鲍尔默（Steve Ballmer）任职该公司，而比尔·盖茨担任董事长兼首席软件架构师。2008年，盖茨放弃了在公司的日常工作，将更多时间花在了非营利组织比尔和梅琳达·盖茨基金会上。
去年，当冠状病毒成为全球一支力量时，比尔·盖茨辞去了微软董事会的职务。他开始与梅琳达·盖茨一起在基金会上花费更多的时间。这两位是该基金会于2000年成立的联合主席和受托人。
Bill和Melinda Gates都在微软工作。据她在LinkedIn的个人资料显示，她曾是这家软件公司的总经理，负责开发Encarta百科全书等产品。两人于1987年在微软员工晚宴上相识。”“他花了好几个月才约我出去，”梅琳达·盖茨后来说。1994年两人在夏威夷结婚。
1.什么是价格行为策略
1960年，经济学家谢林在其代表作《战略冲突》中首次提出了现代意义上的战略行为概念。他认为，战略行为是指企业如何通过影响竞争对手对企业进行。预期使竞争对手在预期的基础上做出有利于企业的决策。在完全竞争的市场环境下，企业只能被动地接受价格，而在不完全竞争的市场环境下，企业可以根据市场环境的变化灵活地改变产品价格，以实现
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该计划提供了进行身心锻炼的健康锻炼场所，以及为伸展运动或冥想以支持健康饮食的员工提供的场所。在这里，员工可以观看简短的视频，通过指导性的冥想和舒缓的配乐，用积极的言语保持积极的情绪，从而使心灵平静。
根据调查报告中心（CIR）的调查，该中心调查商业活动，虐待和腐败中的不平等情况，据报道，具有许多自动化零件的亚马逊仓库的受伤率比普通仓库高50％。此外，可以说，将配额设置为每小时400个项目，而不是每小时100个项目，这很容易因造成工作错误而导致灾难。
例如，在亚马逊的野外工作环境中，送货员处理的送货数量太大，无法停在浴室里，并且有报告称，塑料瓶中不可避免地会出现小便的问题。此外，据报道，如果送货工人遇到交通事故或未能达到配额要求而被解雇，甚至每天进行10小时工作等繁重的工作安排，都将被解雇。
同时，亚马逊认为自动化的推动将导致一个更安全，更高效的工作环境。它还将员工的工资提高了每小时3美元，并且今年在安全项目上花费了3亿美元。因此，Working Well的目标是到2025年将可记录事故的发生率降低50％，并将在年底之前扩展到美国的所有Amazon网站。相关信息可以在这里找到。Face Finishing Moisturizer
Tüm cilt tipleri için anti - aging nemlendirici
Sağlıklı ve canlı bir cilt için sinerjik bir şekilde çalışan, Dr. Perricone'a özel patenti temel antioksidanları içerir. Hafif formülü ile cildi besleyerek gerekli nemi verir. Alfa Lipoik Asit, ince çizgi ve kırışıklıkların düzelmesine yardımcı olur, cilt dokusunu pürüzsüzleştirir. Vitamin C Ester, kolajen ve elastin üretimini stimüle eder, cildi aydınlatır. DMAE yüz hatlarını sıkılaştırır. Cilde hızlıca penetre olur.
Makyaj öncesi baz olarak kullanımı idealdir.
Ürünlere Dön
Sabah ve akşam temizlenmiş cilde uygulanır.
Ürünlere DönÇok beklenen: Battlefield 5'i çevreleyen biraz tartışma yaşandığını fark etmiş olabilirsiniz, ancak hayranlar, kulelerinin uzun süren dizinin bir sonraki taksitini ele alıp alamayacağını bilmek istiyorlar. Neyse ki, PC'nizde Battlefield 1 oynayabilirseniz, minimum gereksinimler aynı olduğundan yeni oyunun tadını çıkarabilirsiniz.
Battlefield 5’in Ekim lansman tarihinin beş ay olmasına rağmen, DICE ve Electronic Arts, temel sistem gereksinimlerini Orijin mağaza sayfası.
İşlemci için oyunun Intel Core i5 6600K veya daha iyisine veya kırmızı takımdaysanız AMD FX-6350 veya daha iyisine ihtiyacı vardır. En önemli grafik kartı için, en azından bir Nvidia GTX 660 2GB veya modern bir başlık için oldukça iyi bir Radeon HD 7850 2GB gerekir.
Diğer gereksinimler arasında 8GB RAM, en az 512Kbps internet bağlantısı ve 64-bit Windows 7, Windows 8.1 ve Windows 10 yer alıyor. aynı miktarı ister.
Battlefield 5, 19 Ekim'de gelirken, Erken Erişim'e sahip olanlar 11 Ekim'den itibaren alabilirler. 2.Dünya Savaşı'nda ayarlanan oyun, tek oyunculu kampanya için Battlefield 1'in “savaş hikayelerini” korur ve çok oyunculu modlara sahiptir. Ayrıca Fortnite tarzı bir yapı tamircisine sahiptir ve geleneksel sezon geçişi ortadan kaldırılmıştır.
Battlefield 5'in en büyük hikayesi, elbette, bir kadını oyunun ön kapağına koyma ve çok oyunculu öğeye ilk kez oynanabilir kadın karakterleri dahil etme kararıdır. Bazıları, kararın tarihsel olarak doğru olmaktan ziyade sadece bir azınlık kitlesini yatıştırmak için alındığını söylüyor.
İlk olarak, bir şey hakkında netleşeyim. Oyuncu seçimi ve oynanabilir kadın karakterleri burada. pic.twitter.com/fvi9riUZDM
- Oskar Gabrielson (@ogabrielson) Instagram Profilini Görüntüle 25 Mayıs 2018- UCAR Home
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Rarely before the 1980s did a scientific issue jump from the corridors of research to the halls of international diplomacy in less than a decade. Such was the case when a profound threat to the Antarctic’s protective layer of stratospheric ozone became apparent.
One of the sparkplugs for NCAR’s involvement in ozone-related research was Paul Crutzen, who directed the center’s Atmospheric Quality Division (now the Atmospheric Chemistry Division) from 1977 to 1980. Crutzen arrived with an impressive résumé: in 1970, he’d established that nitrogen oxides could help deplete stratospheric ozone. A few years later, Mario Molina and Sherwood Rowland (both at the University of California, Irvine) showed that chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) were another threat. The three scientists shared a Nobel Prize in 1995 for their pioneering work.
Under Crutzen’s 1970s leadership, NCAR chemists and instrument developers put together an impressive array of sensors designed to sample trace gases—scarce but critical components of the troposphere and stratosphere—from airborne and balloon-borne platforms. Ozone was just one of many constituents studied with these tools. Most field studies of the day focused on pollution above populated areas, while the scant data from Antarctica didn’t yet point to a dramatic loss of ozone.
At the same time, a graduate student named Susan Solomon was poring over dozens of vertical profiles of ozone from around the globe. Her doctoral work at the University of California, Berkeley, was supported in part by a fellowship from NCAR’s Advanced Study Program, which brought Solomon to NCAR in 1977–78. Working with NCAR advisers Crutzen, Jack Fishman, and Raymond Roble, Solomon hunted for differences in tropospheric ozone between the polluted Northern Hemisphere and relatively clean Southern Hemisphere. “Remarkably, we were able to find a fair amount of data, enough to really see the difference between the two hemispheres,” she said in a subsequent interview.
Later, as she embarked on a career at NOAA, Solomon collaborated with NCAR’s Rolando Garcia on modeling ozone. They built a two-dimensional model, unveiled in a 1983 paper, that combined chemistry and dynamics to simulate the northward and southward movement of stratospheric ozone around the globe. According to Garcia, “The model worked very well. In 1983, ozone was thought to be reasonably well understood, but it wasn’t. We happened to have the right tool to look at the problem that was uncovered by observations published in 1985.”
That year, scientists from the British Antarctic Survey made a blockbuster announcement: more than a third of the ozone in the Antarctic stratosphere had begun to disappear for a few weeks each spring. Solomon was transfixed by the work, which she saw early on as a reviewer: “I found it to be the most exciting paper I had ever seen.”
The findings generated huge public interest and spurred scientists to learn more. By late 1986, Solomon was leading an NSF-funded trip to Antarctica to document the life cycle of the “ozone hole” and the chlorine-driven chemistry feeding it. The project confirmed Solomon’s hypothesis: ozone was being destroyed on the backs of polar stratospheric cloud particles. These clouds—which form only in the intense cold above the poles in wintertime—served as a framework on which small amounts of chlorine from CFCs could eliminate vast amounts of ozone.
The case was convincing enough to push most of the world’s nations into adopting the 1987 Montreal Protocol, aimed at stemming the growth of CFCs. Even with that potential solution taking shape, there was more science to be done. Roughly 100 scientists trekked to Antarctica in late 1987 to carry out a more intensive study of the ozone hole, with an NCAR team bringing several instruments in tow.
Almost before they could catch their breath, the team headed to the Arctic in early 1989 to find out whether conditions might support a northern ozone hole. Two instruments were rushed to completion for the project: a chromatograph/spectrometer for measuring bromine, and another spectrometer that counted and sized particles within polar stratospheric clouds. The campaign found ominous signals of potential Arctic ozone loss: “The precursor stages are very similar to the Antarctic,” said NCAR’s William Mankin shortly afterward. However, the boreal landscape makes a big difference. The position of oceans, mountains, and continents across the Northern Hemisphere leads to large-scale atmospheric waves that tend to warm and disrupt the wintertime vortex that would otherwise allow ozone destruction to proceed unchecked.
With the Montreal Protocol putting the brakes on CFCs, ozone depletion has begun to level off in recent years. But scientists are still exploring the process on many fronts. For instance, the seasonal ozone hole may help explain why interior Antarctica hasn’t warmed in sync with the rest of the planet.
“With the new climate connections, Antarctic ozone is still fascinating to study and explore,” says Solomon today.
"Instruments in ARCTAS measured things we hadn't been able to measure before."
—Anne Thompson, Pennsylvania State University
A key component of smog, tropospheric ozone is a recurring problem in the nation’s big cities, where calm weather can trap pollutants in a sunlight-cooked stew close to the ground. Ground-level ozone also makes its presence known in the Arctic, where pollutants drift during the dark winter, then react to form ozone as sunlight returns in the spring. Huge fires across the forested north in summer add their own influence to air quality.
The seasonal sweep of ozone production and related chemistry across the far north was clarified in a 2008 project called ARCTAS (Arctic Research of the Composition of the Troposphere from Aircraft and Satellites). The largest airborne project ever to study boreal climate, ARCTAS involved three NASA aircraft on springtime flights out of Fairbanks, Alaska, and early-summer missions above western Canada. Flying near thick plumes of smoke, several of the airborne instruments captured their highest-ever concentrations of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen oxide.
Among the project’s many investigators, Anne Thompson (Pennsylvania State University) worked with NOAA’s Samuel Oltmans in planning a fleet of ground-based ozone sensors combined with ozonesondes. The latter consist of weather observing packages (radiosondes), plus ozone-measuring equipment and a balloon large enough to loft the sensors to 35 kilometers (22 miles), well into the stratosphere.
As a NASA scientist, Thompson had pioneered the concept of coordinated ozonesonde networks for comparison with satellite data. In ARCTAS, these networks complemented the flight data well, says Thompson: “It gave us the same information from the same spot every single day, so we could gather statistics to verify satellite algorithms and evaluate the models used for ARCTAS analysis.” Together, the ozone data have helped researchers to analyze the atmospheric fingerprints of fires in California, Canada, and Siberia, as well as Asian pollution.
A 2009 project focused more specifically on the dramatic changes in Arctic air wrought by springtime sunlight. The OASIS project (Ocean–Atmosphere–Sea Ice–Snowpack) brought instrumented towers, lidars, and balloons to the region around Barrow, Alaska—including a station located atop the ice just offshore, with armed sentries keeping polar bears at bay.
When seasonal sunlight returns to the Arctic, complex reactions pull mercury into snow and ice. Often occurring in localized pulses, these mercury depletion events can last for as long as a few days. Concurrent with the mercury loss, ozone drops to near-zero levels. How these two depletions are chemically linked, and why they tend to spike in such distinct times and places, are among the questions being probed as scientists analyze the results from the OASIS field phase.
While OASIS isn’t focused on climate change per se, the project will shed light on chemistry shaping the future of this rapidly changing region. “We’re trying to find out how these chemicals get there, how the Arctic tolerates their intrusion, and what possible impacts there will be to the ecosystem should the Arctic Ocean melt,” said Jan Bottenheim (Environment Canada) as the fieldwork unfolded.I genitori reagiscono all'ultimo secondo
Per un genitore dello Utah, un incubo è diventato realtà. Nel mezzo della notte, sua figlia di 5 anni viene rapita dal suo presepe.
Nel cuore della notte, una coppia nella città americana di Sandy, nello Utah, viene svegliata non solo dal suono della porta d'ingresso che si apre, ma anche dalla voce della figlia di 5 anni. Uno dei peggiori incubi dei genitori in tutto il mondo è diventato una realtà per questa coppia. La sua piccola figlia innocente è stata rapita da uno strano uomo dal suo presepe.
Madre e padre reagiscono alla velocità della luce. Mentre chiama la polizia, suo marito insegue il dirottatore e cerca di prevenire il peggio. Descrive il rapitore e gli chiede di liberare la bambina di 5 anni . Fortunatamente, l'autore non resiste e fugge dopo aver consegnato la bambina al suo coraggioso patrigno. Questo può prevenire il peggio con il suo uso coraggioso nell'ultimo secondo.
La polizia può finalmente arrestare l'autore mentre cerca di entrare in un'altra casa nel quartiere. Il rapitore è identificato come il 48enne Troy Morley, che risiede a Roy, a 45 miglia di distanza (anche nello Utah).
La bambina non è stata ferita. La famiglia dovrebbe stare bene, secondo le circostanze, secondo un portavoce. I genitori non volevano commentare l'incidente.ابتدا ابزار Snipping را باز کرده و روی Delay کلیک کنید تا زمان تأخیر شما در چند ثانیه انتخاب شود. شما می توانید بین ۰ تا ۵ ثانیه را انتخاب کنید (پیش فرض ۰ است). پس از انتخاب زمان تأخیر ، با کلیک روی پیکان کنار New (شکل آزاد ، مستطیل ، پنجره یا تمام صفحه) ، نوع snip مورد نظر خود را انتخاب کنید.ABD: Tunus'taki gelişmelerden dolayı endişeliyiz
Beyaz Saray sözcüsü Jen Psaki, basın toplantısında, "Tunus’taki gelişmelerden dolayı endişeliyiz." dedi.Psaki, "Durum hakkında daha fazla...
NEW YORK (AA) - Beyaz Saray sözcüsü Jen Psaki, basın toplantısında, "Tunus’taki gelişmelerden dolayı endişeliyiz." dedi.
Psaki, "Durum hakkında daha fazla bilgi edinmek, sükuneti teşvik etmek ve Tunus'un demokratik ilkeler doğrultusunda ilerleme çabalarını desteklemek için hem Beyaz Saray'dan hem de ABD Dışişleri Bakanlığından üst düzeyde Tunuslu liderlerle temas halindeyiz." ifadesini kullandı.
Ülkede yaşananlar hakkında Beyaz Saray'ın darbe olup olmadığı konusunda henüz bir tespitte bulunmadığını belirten Psaki, karar vermeden önce Dışişleri Bakanlığının hukuki inceleme yapmasının beklendiğini kaydetti.
- Tunus'ta ne olmuştu?
Tunus'ta hükümet ve muhalefet partilerine yönelik protestolar gerçekleştirilmiş, çıkan olaylarda başta Nahda Hareketi olmak üzere parti merkezlerine saldırılar düzenlenmişti.
Tunus Cumhurbaşkanı Kays Said de dün gece Meclisin tüm yetkilerini dondurduğunu, milletvekillerinin dokunulmazlığını kaldırdığını, mevcut Başbakan Hişam el-Meşişi'yi görevden aldığını ve kendi atayacağı bir başbakanla yürütmeyi devralacağını duyurmuştu.
Hükümete yönelik bu girişimin ardından askerler Tunus Meclis Başkanı ve Nahda Hareketi lideri Raşid el-Gannuşi ile beraberindeki milletvekillerini Meclise almamıştı.
Cumhurbaşkanı Said'in kararları üzerine halkı barışçıl mücadeleye çağıran Gannuşi, yasal bir dayanağı bulunmayan bu adımın bir darbe olduğunu vurgulamıştı.
Kaynak:痛经
一、概述
二、病因
引起痛经的因素很多，常见的有以下几种：
1.子宫颈管狭窄
主要是月经外流受阻，引起痛经。
2.子宫发育不良
子宫发育不佳容易合并血液供应异常，造成子宫缺血、缺氧而引起痛经。
3.子宫位置异常
若妇女子宫位置极度后屈或前屈，可影响经血通畅而致痛经。
4.精神、神经因素
部分妇女对疼痛过分敏感。
5.遗传因素。
6.内分泌因素
月经期腹痛与黄体期孕酮升高有关。
7.子宫内膜以及月经血中前列腺素(PG)含量升高
8.子宫的过度收缩
9.子宫不正常收缩
10.妇科病
11.少女初潮
心理压力大、久坐导致气血循环变差、经血运行不畅、爱吃冷饮食品等造成痛经。
12.经期
剧烈运动、受风寒湿冷侵袭等，均易引发痛经。
13.外部环境
空气不好受某些工业或化学性质气味刺激，比如汽油、香焦水等造成痛经。
三、临床表现
原发性痛经从初潮开始，每次月经来潮即感到小腹坠胀与痉挛性疼痛，严重者伴有恶心与呕吐，疼痛区可放射至后背部与大腿内侧。疼痛时间持续 48～72小时，尽管月经量多，有血块与组织物，但排出后疼痛方能缓解。一般排出的组织物呈粉红色，片状，大小不一，有时也有整片似三角形的管状物，此乃子宫内膜呈整片膜落所致，这种组织称子宫蜕膜管型。这种痛经亦称膜样痛经。经肛查(未婚者)均无明显阳性体征。若痛经病史长久也可发现子宫活动度欠佳，双侧附件有包块形成或后陷凹处结节，有触痛。可能患有子宫内膜
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major tourist attractions of the region include the village of Kibber, which is famous for its monastery and the Kibber wildlife sanctuary. Other attractions of the place include the Pin Valley National Park, the Key Monastery, and the Kunzum Pass.
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The weather of Lahaul remains chilly throughout the year except during the summer season.
The nearest narrow gauge railway station from Lahaul is the Joginder Nagar Railway Station while the Chandigarh Railway Station, which is linked to other Indian cities, is the nearest major railhead. By road, Lahaul is accessible via the Rohtang Pass, the Kunzum Pass, and Kinnaur.There is information being spread about Leptospirosis cases in our area. I wish for you to have the information I feel is pertinent to making decisions about the disease and vaccination against it. The following is information you should read to decide if you wish to have this vaccine administered to your pet. Please ask for this service if desired.
Leptospirosis (Lepto) is a bacterial disease in humans and animals. The disease incidence varies from area to area around the world.
Washington state has a low incidence of this disease although there have been recent cases. Leptospirosis is transmitted between animals through contact with infected urine; venereal and placental transfer; bite wounds; or the ingestion of infected tissue. Typically we think of the disease being spread by small furry animals such as rodents and raccoons but some forms (serovars) of Lepto can be spread through livestock such as horses and cattle. Indirect transmission occurs through exposure of susceptible animals to contaminated water sources, food, or even bedding. Stagnant or slow moving water provides a suitable habitat for Leptospira. As a result, disease outbreaks often increase during periods of flooding. In dry areas infections are more common around water sources.
Leptospirosis can cause significant illness and even death to humans and dogs. It can cause kidney failure and/or liver disease which may require days to weeks of hospitalization. Since it is a bacterial infection, it can be treated if caught early enough. However, diagnosis of the disease can be difficult and time consuming. If your pet becomes infected, there is greater risk of infection for you and other people and dogs he/she comes in contact with. Cats seem to be more resistant to infection with Lepto.
Although occurrence of Leptospirosis is still uncommon, the incidence is on the rise. There have been several cases on
Vashon Island where a new housing development encroached upon previous undeveloped areas. The serovar involved was of Autumnalis, which is one there is no vaccine for. Reported Lepto infections of all other types in
Washington remain rare for dogs, usually less than 10 per year. In our area, I am aware of only one dog that was recently diagnosed and treated for Leptospirosis, the Canicola serovar. This is a serovar we can (and used to) vaccinate against. I will update information on any local case as/if I learn of them.
In the past, two serovars of Lepto were commonly included in combination vaccinations. In more recent years vaccines have become available against four Lepto serovars and are available as a product separated from other disease we vaccinate against.
Vaccine reactions are possible with any vaccination and may include facial swelling/edema and/or hives. This type of reaction may occur within minutes to hours of vaccination. I have found dachshunds and boxers to have a higher rate of this sort of reaction. More severe reactions are possible including sudden onset anaphylaxis and even death. Some animals may have another kind of immune response which may be more delayed occurring in the weeks after vaccination. The immune response may lead to destruction of red blood cells and/or platelets which may quickly become life threatening. In my experience smaller dogs, particularly white dogs have vaccine reactions at a higher rate than larger, nonwhite dogs. If a vaccine reaction occurs, medical expenses likely will occur and are the responsibility of the pet owner.
If you choose to have your dog vaccinated, we will use a vaccine made by Zoetis that contains 4 Lepto serovars. We recommend 2 vaccinations 3-4 weeks apart. The immunity derived from these 2 vaccinations may only last for 6 months although the vaccine product is licensed for 1 year revaccination. The protection offered will vary with each individual pet. Pfizer offers a warranty on diagnosis and treatment costs incurred for dogs for up to 1 year after appropriate vaccination if a pet is diagnosed with Leptospirosis.
To reiterate, we have this vaccine available, but do not require it. We will not use this vaccine in puppies less than 12 weeks old. We prefer to administer this vaccine on a date when no other vaccines are administered. Please come for your next visit with a decision on whether you want Lepto included in your dog's vaccination plan.
For a limited time we are offering vaccination against Lepto with a complimentary/vaccination exam for all our existing canine patients that are up-to-date on their wellness exam. An exam fee will be charge for patients that have medical needs or are not up-to-date on their wellness exam. Vaccination for Lepto is $22.52 per vaccination.The essential operations of a quantum computer can be accomplished using solely optical elements, with different polarization or spatial modes representing the individual qubits. We present a simple all-optical implementation of Grover's algorithm for efficient searching, in which a database of four elements is searched with a single query. By ‘compiling’ the actual set-up, we have reduced the required number of optical elements from 24 to only 12. We discuss the extension to large databases, and the limitations of these techniques.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Atomic and Molecular Physics, and OpticsA few weeks ago, the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) released assessments on 42 Canadian wildlife species. Some of the species on the list had not been assessed before, and the addition of these species brings the total number of wildlife species listed by COSEWIC as at risk to 668.
Species are put into one of six risk categories: Not At Risk, Special Concern, Threatened, Endangered, Extirpated (no longer exists in the wild in Canada, but still exists elsewhere), and Extinct. Also in some cases there isn’t enough information to make an informed decision, whereupon COSEWIC assesses the species as Data Deficient.
Here are a few highlights from the December 2012 assessments:
The Wood Thrush, along with the Eastern Wood Pewee, are two bird species among the 42 species assessed by COSEWIC this year. Neither of these birds has ever been assessed by COSEWIC in the past. The Wood Thrush was assessed as Threatened and the Eastern Wood Pewee Special Concern. As the names suggest, both of these species are associated with woodland habitat.
The Eastern Wood Pewee belongs to a group called ‘aerial insectivores’ that catch their insect prey in-flight. In the past 40 years aerial insectivores have shown a remarkable decline of almost 70%. For this reason the assignment of Special Concern to the Eastern Wood Pewee, one of the most common aerial insectivores in eastern North America, is a harbinger of a startling trend.
Four populations of the American Badger were assessed, and three of the four were determined to be Endangered. The remaining fourth population has been classified as Not At Risk for the past 30 years, and has now been moved to the Special Concern category. Badgers need open habitat where they can dig in the soil to create their burrows. Now these few suitable habitat patches are often near roads, making roadkill a major threat to badgers. Many other species, including at-risk snakes and toads, are also particularly susceptible to roadkill.
The St. Lawrence Estuary population of the Striped Bass is an example of federal protection and recovery initiatives having a positive influence on a species. In 2004 this population of Striped Bass was designated Extirpated. Reintroduction efforts with fish from the Miramichi River have increased abundance and distribution of the population, and have even resulted in natural spawning. It is not yet clear if this population is self-sustaining, and threats to the Striped Bass such as susceptibility to by-catch from commercial fisheries and dredging are still present. However the reintroduction efforts proved effective enough for the population to be down-listed to Endangered in the 2012 review.
The Bay of Fundy population of Striped Bass is however not faring as well. In 2004 this population was designated Threatened. Threats such as exploitation from recreational fishing, by-catch in commercial fisheries, poaching and habitat degradation have taken their toll on the Bay of Fundy population of Striped Bass and the 2012 designation was increased to Endangered.
Now that COSEWIC has completed this latest round of Wildlife Species Assessments, COSEWIC’s interim assessment and status report for each of the assessed species will be finalized by the appropriate Species Specialist Subcommittee. The status appraisals given for each species are compiled as part of COSEWIC’s Annual Report and submitted to the federal Minister of Environment every fall, for the Minister’s consideration for listing under the Species At Risk Act (SARA).
Under the Act the Minister has 90 days to issue a response statement for each of the assessed species after receiving COSEWIC’s Annual Report. After the Minister’s response is issued the Government has an additional nine months to review the assessments and, in consultation with the Minister, determine whether to list or not legally list the species under the Act. The Minister can also decide to defer assessments back to COSEWIC.
We thank our regular guest contributor and Nature Canada’s Species At Risk Intern, Sarah Kirkpatrick-Wahl, for this post.豆瓣
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你知道库切是谁吗？干什么的吗？想不想了解库切这个人呢？库切是2003年诺贝尔文学奖的获得主，他是南非的著名作家，一生创作了很多著作，主要的代表作品有《等待野蛮人》、《迈克尔·K生活和时代》、《彼得堡的大师》等，《迈克尔·K的生活和时代》带领我们走近库切大师，更多的了解他！
库切是南非著名的作家，是2003年诺贝尔文学奖的获得主，《迈克尔·K的生活和时代》是库切的长篇小说，从中透射出他对存在社会历史中的人的心灵表现出更大的兴趣，并总是企图通过人的心灵折射出社会历史的轨迹，为我们打造的是一把通往心灵深处的钥匙，库切惯以细致的描写和冷峻的笔调，表达自己对生命、人与外界环境的冲突等复杂而深邃的思考，《迈克尔·K的生活和时代》以内战爆发后一片荒芜战争、军队、种族隔离的社会中苦苦挣扎，渴望寻找生命绿洲的故事。在小说中K身上展露的是愚昧与智慧、软弱与坚强的结合，笔...
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库切是南非著名的作家，是2003年诺贝尔文学奖的获得主，《迈克尔·K的生活和时代》是库切的长篇小说，从中透射出他对存在社会历史中的人的心灵表现出更大的兴趣，并总是企图通过人的心灵折射出社会历史的轨迹，为我们打造的是一把通往心灵深处的钥匙，库切惯以细致的描写和冷峻的笔调，表达自己对生命、人与外界环境的冲突等复杂而深邃的思考，《迈克尔·K的生活和时代》以内战爆发后一片荒芜战争、军队、种族隔离的社会中苦苦挣扎，渴望寻找生命绿洲的故事。在小说中K身上展露的是愚昧与智慧、软弱与坚强的结合，笔触缓慢而轻盈，通篇采用几乎不同感情色彩的语言，并不对K悲惨境遇流露悲悯的感情，不对残酷的现实世界大发宏论，而是描写人在重重压迫下的困境，叙述的语言冷峻，对人类的愚昧自欺提出了直指人心的控诉，蕴含了多重意味，《迈克尔·K的生活和时代》是我们课外阅读的最佳选择！
库切，1940年生于南非开普敦，并于2002年移居澳大利亚，任职于阿德莱德大学。从2000年的获奖者高行健开始，到其后的奈保尔、凯尔泰斯，直到今天的库切，瑞典皇家学院连续4年把诺贝尔文学奖颁发给第三世界国家的作家或者有第三世界国家背景的移民作家，这既反映了诺贝尔文学奖国际化的视野，也对应了近年来移民文学在世界范围内的文学热潮。主要作品有《等待野蛮人》、《迈克尔·K的生活和时代》、《彼得堡的大师》、《童年》、《耻》、《青春》、《伊丽莎白·科斯特洛：八堂课》等。库切曾获得包括布克奖在内的多种文学奖项，并于2003年获膺诺贝尔文学奖。
我们所有的人翻着跟斗越过锅沿掉进历史的大锅，想都不想就被时代熬煮，而你，一个有幸没有被教条和历史出动过的灵魂，一个在僵硬的石棺里面拍着翅膀、在滑稽的面具后面咕哝着的灵魂。
库切的小说，总让我感到自己置身于一个嘈杂的背景之中，是一种杂草丛生的荒芜，不带感情的语言，压抑的悲悯，残忍而冷峻的叙述，这一切本就是精神危机的产物，反抗本身就证明着无可解决，控诉也是，缺席的自我无法弥补。而这种所谓的现代主义小说背后的历史画卷，我真是无福消受。卡夫卡推演的极致，即使后来的这些人多么不满足于他所书写的孤独异化荒诞控制，多么努力地试图更宏大的叙事，都从未达到过他寓意的深度。
突然的自我。
改名叫《我们的生活和时代》也是可以的，现代寓言大师的名声不是盖的，人人都应该有一点动物本能，但这个世界上的营地未免太多，不是人人都能够逃离或者愿意逃离的吧。喜欢种子的隐喻
甚无奈 终是召回欲望 曾经耗费大量时间削减的欲望 终还是急速被找回了
“如此卑微的灵魂，卑微到不需要时代为他负责，卑微到看起来又像是极具野心，以至于不被时代允许。”
战争时代对于自由的苦苦追寻，其实放在其他时代又何尝不是
真正的边缘人，自身的缺陷、母亲的死亡及战争表现出对生命的淡漠，毫不在意远处发生的事，一个人过着动物般的生活，离大地更近。为K的生活细节动容。小人物的精神困境，逃离日益严峻的动乱和将要降临的战事，却陷入无所欲求的冷漠，并呈现对权力逻辑的否定状态。一个人的生活，一个时代的寓言。
他用尽全力去服从时代，可最终仍摆脱不了命运的卑微。无从谈起尊严，对待其命运的轻易贯穿始终，唯有一句生错时代勉强可供其自我安慰。
躲避战争的边缘人物
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rangerD
(火中取栗，水里放屁)
2013-03-08 20:26
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他很大程度上已经变成了一个习惯于在晨昏暗影和黑夜中活动的动物，白日的光明每每刺痛他的眼睛。在水坝周围活动的时候，他不再需要沿着小径行走。主要是靠一种触觉而不是视觉，一种存在物对他的眼球和脸上的皮肤的压力，警告他面前出现的任何障碍物。他的双眼连续几个小时不集中在目标上，就好像盲人的眼睛一样。他也学会了依赖嗅觉。他把来自泥土中的清爽甘甜的水味吸进自己的肺叶。它使他陶醉，这气味他永远也吸不够。虽然他不知道各种灌木的名字，但是他却能够根据叶子的气味分辨出它们的不同。他能够从空气中嗅出即将到来的雨天。
但是当夏天走向结束的时候，最主要的是，他正在学会爱上懒惰悠闲，这种懒惰悠闲不再作为自由的延伸要靠偷窃从这里、那里的不甘心情愿的劳动中去获得，也不是暗中窃取的能享有在花坛前坐在自己的后脚跟上，让一把叉子挂在自己的手指头上荡来荡去的快乐，而是一种把他自己交给时间，交给一种像油一样在寰宇间、在世界的表面缓缓流动的时间，它冲刷着他的身体，在他的腋窝和腹股沟间旋转着，搅动着他的眼帘。在有活儿要去干的时候，他既不快乐也不烦恼；对他来说完全一样。他能够整个下午睁着双眼躺着，盯着屋顶瓦楞铁起伏的波纹和斑斑的锈迹；他的心灵并未四处漫游，他会除了那铁板什么也看不见，那些线条本身并未转化成图案或遐想；他就是他自己，躺在自己的家里，铁锈仅仅是铁锈，所移动的一切就是时间，载着他在它的水流中向前流去。而后，有一两次，当一些喷气式战斗机尖啸着从头上的高空飞过，战争才使他意识到它的存在。但是其余的时候，他生活在日历和钟表达不到的一个有幸被人遗忘的角落，半睡半醒的。他想到，好像一个在香肠中打瞌睡的寄生虫；好像一只伏在石头下的蜥蜴。
寄生虫是那个警察上尉用过的词儿：加卡尔斯德里夫的营地，是一窝寄生虫，悬挂在阳光照耀整齐干净的城市身上，吃着城市的东西，却不回报给城市任何营养。然而，当K懒洋洋地躺在自己的床上，漫不经心地想着这个事情的时候（说到底，它跟我有什么关系？他想），事情就变得不再一目了然，谁是主人谁是寄生虫，是营地还是城市？如果是虫子毁灭了绵羊，为什么绵羊会吞咽下虫子？如果有千百万人，比任何人所知道的还要更多上千百万人，住在营地里，靠施舍生活，生活失去了土地，靠着狡猾生活，爬到犄角旮旯去逃避这个时代，狡猾到不愿意打出旗帜引起别人对它们自己的注意，不愿意被人统计数字，那又是怎么回事？如果主人的人数被寄生虫的人数远远超过，那些公开的懒惰寄生虫和躲在军队、警察、学校、工场和办公室里的秘密的寄生虫
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Bugün çoğu zaman tıpkı senin gibi, biz sadece parti yapmak istiyoruz ve yaptığımızı yapıyoruz. Herkesin Hristiyan olmanın mükemmel olmasını beklediği gibi. Yani benim kusurlu olduğumu söylediğin an, birdenbire herkes sana aptal gibi bakıyor, adamım, sen numara yapıyorsun ya da her neyse. Ama ben sadece bakış gibiyim, ben buyum, berbat bir bireyim, parçalanmış bir bireyim ve harika olan tek kişi Tanrı, işte burada, onu müziğimde duy.
HipHopDX: Temanın arkasındaki ilham neydi? İmparatorluk ?
Derek Minor: Bunun hakkında harika bir hikaye var, mesela sana söylersem, ben gibiydim, sana bir bina inşa etmen için bir plan verirdim. Size bir plan vereceğim ve talimatları izlerseniz, bu binayı inşa ettiğinizde, inşa ettikten beş dakika sonra parçalanacak ve parçalanacaktır. Ya da size söylersem, size verebileceğim başka bir plan var ve bu planı izlerseniz, bu bina sonsuza dek sürecek. Hangisini seçerdin?
HipHopDX: Sonsuza dek olan.
Derek Minor: Sağ! Çünkü zamanınızı boşa harcamak istemezsiniz. Tüm bu zamanı bunu inşa etmek için harcadığımı söylemek istemezsiniz ve onu inşa eder etmez çöker. Tüm fikir bu İmparatorluk . Hayatınızı inşa ettiğiniz her şeyi inşa ederek geçirebilirsiniz, ancak Tanrı dışında, kalıcılığının hiçbir yolu yoktur. Bunun her zaman olduğunu görüyoruz. Harika kariyerleri olan erkekler görüyorsunuz, ancak günün sonunda herkesin kariyeri azalmaya başlıyor. 1960'ın en soğuk caz sanatçısı kimdi? Pek çok insan bunu hatırlamıyor.
Ama eminim ki 1960'da o adamdı. Sonunda, ben bir müzik yaratırsam ve günün sonunda, söyleyebileceğiniz tek şey, 'Vay canına, Derek'in bir numaralı albümü vardı' gibi hissediyorum. Başarısız olduğumu hissediyorum. Ama insanları sonsuza dek, sonsuza dek, bir ömür boyu etkileyen müzik yaparsam ve bu onların hayatlarını değiştirip daha iyi kararlar almalarını sağlarsa ve nihayetinde onları mükemmelliğe götürürse, o zaman bir şeyler yapmışım gibi hissediyorum ebedi.
HipHopDX: Temayı tüm albüm boyunca taşıma şeklini seviyorum.
Derek Minor: Evet, kedilerin gerçekten olmadığını hissediyorum, bugünlerde gibi hissediyorum, bu çok iyi bir şarkı listesi odaklı, ki bu harika, Spotify ve iTunes'a sahipsin ve biz de kendi şarkı listemizi alıp yapıyoruz. Ama ben tam albümler yapma konusunda gerçekten tutkuluyum, birinci parçadan 16'ya kadar dinleyebileceğiniz ve hiçbir şeyi atlamanız gerekmeyen albümler ve bu mantıklı. Bu yüzden bu konuda gerçekten tutkuluyum.
HipHopDX: Sormak istedim, bu biraz rastgele ama albümünüzün kafasını karıştıran veya yeni Fox şovu ile ilişkilendiren biri var mı? İmparatorluk ?
Derek Minor: Aman Tanrım, evet. Bir kişi şöyle dedi: Yo, Derek Minor'u Fox, Empire'da görmek için sabırsızlanıyorum. Artık cevap bile vermiyorum. Tıpkı, Tamam. (gülüyor). Şovu izleyecek ve bunun tamamen farklı bir şey olduğunu anlayacaksınız, ama sorun değil.
HipHopDX: Gösteriyi gördün mü?
Derek Minor: Evet, biraz yakaladım. Açıkçası, Terrence Howard'ı koydunuz, bu bir paket. Bu adam harika. Ve sonra Teraji (P. Henson), yani ikisi de harika oyuncular. Gösteri harika. Biraz koymaları gerek İmparatorluk orada müzik var. Şovda bir kamera hücresine ihtiyacım var, olması gereken bu. İçeri girmeme izin vermeleri gerek, işimi yap.
HipHopDX: İşte böyle, yepyeni bir unsur getirin.
Derek Minor: Kesinlikle.
Derek Minor, Reach Records'tan Ayrılışını ve Kendi Etiketine Sahip Olduğunu Anlatıyor
HipHopDX: Albümdeki müziğin bazılarına girişte, Giriş bölümünde, duruma değindiniz ve siz ve Reach Records ayrılmış yollar. İnsanlar hala bunu sorguluyor mu?
Derek Minor: Evet, birkaç kez, çoğu gerçekten bu albümden önceydi. Sanırım şimdi albüm çıktı, sanki pek çoğuna sahip değildim, çünkü ilk çıktığında iTunes'da bir numara olduğunu görüyorsunuz. Bu yüzden artık bundan pek anlamıyorum. Ama ilk başta albümü yazarken her röportajdaki hemen hemen her soru ya da pek çok hayran gibi şöyle olurdu: Bunu nasıl yapacaksın? Ya da ne yapacaksın? Bir süre sonra sanki, Yo, bana bu soruları sormayı bırakır mısın lütfen? Sanırım anladım. Sanırım oldukça iyiyim. Sanırım iyi olacağız. Bir ekibim var.
Reach'teyken güzel olan şey, tüm bu zaman boyunca Reflection Music Group'u kuruyordum. Ben mi, Lecrae ve Reach'teki herkes bu günün geleceğini biliyordu. Onlarla ilk imzaladığımda, Lecrae’nin sözleri şöyleydi: Adamım, sen kendi işini yapıyorsun, senin de gemiye gelmeni çok isterim. Umarım platformunuzu oluşturmanıza yardımcı olabiliriz ve sonra başka bir durum yaratabilirsiniz. Çünkü Reach'teyken bile her zaman bir plak şirketinin sahibiydim. Bu nedenle, tüm amaç tüm zaman boyunca inşa etmeye, inşa etmeye, inşa etmeye, inşa etmeye devam etmekti, böylece aynı hedeflere ve aynı fikirlere sahip birden fazla hareket olabilir. Ekibim, ekibim, harikalar. Yorulmadan çalışırlar. Görünüşe göre iş oldukça iyi sonuç verdi.
HipHopDX: Ve sonra burada sana bunu soruyorum (gülüyor)
Derek Minor: (Gülüyor) Hayır, endişelenme, bu sadece bir işin parçası, işin parçası. Ve bu ilginç bir parça çünkü gerçekten çok yüksek bir Reach bu kadar yüksek, bu yüzden birçok insan için bu pek mantıklı değil. Mesela neden sadece… Hayır! Bu mantıklı çünkü Jay Z'nin söylediklerini dinleseniz bile sanırım Siyah Albüm , Kendi efendinize sahip olun. Onun söylediği şey bu. Bu, bence muhtemelen zamanımızın en büyük rapçilerinden biri, en iyisi değilse de, kesinlikle var olan en büyük Hip Hop girişimcilerinden biri. Kendi ustalarınıza sahip olmak ve kendi işinizi kurmak, özellikle albüm satışları düşmeye başladığında ve her şey daha indie hale gelmeye başladığında bu oyunda yer almak isteyenler için önemlidir. Her genç Hip Hop girişimcisinin kendi ustalarına sahip olması ve sanatıyla özgürlüğü olması için pek çok fırsat var. İyiydi. Reach'teki zamanımdan zevk aldım, ama nihayetinde kendi ustalarıma sahip olmak ve dilerseniz kendi müzikal kaderimi kontrol etmek istiyorum.
HipHopDX: Ya Küçük Deniz Kızı hakkındaki şu söz, sesimi alamaz mısın?
Derek Minor: Evet, bu kesinlikle Reach'e yönelik değildi. Çoğu zaman senin gibi erkeklerle toplantılarda otururlar ve onlar `` Yapabileceğim şey budur '' derler. Bana müziğiniz üzerinde tüm yaratıcı kontrolü vermeli ve tüm hayatınızı bir kenara bırakmalısınız, size ortalama bir ilerleme vereceğiz ve umarım müziğinizi bir sonraki seviyeye taşıyabiliriz. Sadece ne tür müzik yapmak istediğimi bildiğimi hissediyorum ve yaptığımız şeyi alıp değiştirmek değil, iyileştirmek isteyen insanlarla ortak olmak istedim çünkü yaptığımız şeyin işe yaradığını hissediyorum. Yani bir plak şirketiyle veya başka bir şeyle uğraşmak mantıklı değil ve biri onu alıp ters çevirdi, ama Reach bana gerçekten tüm müziğim üzerinde çok fazla yaratıcı kontrol sağladı.
HipHopDX: Bu soruları yanıtlarken bundan biraz bahsettiniz, ama iTunes'da bir numaralı Hip Hop albümüne sahip olmak sizin için ne ifade ediyordu?
Derek Minor: Gerçeküstüydü! Çünkü bu, ilk defa oldu. Var J. Cole , Nicki Minaj, Lupe Fiasco'nun orada vardı ve sanki, Wow, albümüm de listelerde bu adamların hepsiyle bir numara. Bu beni gülümseten bir şeydi çünkü ona çok emek verdik, çok çalıştık ve herkes sıkı çalışmalarının karşılığını vermek istiyor ve sadece insanların albümü aldıkları kadar aldıklarını görmek ve bunun için hemen yarasa çok iyi yapmak gerçekten heyecan vericiydi. Dürüstçe başka bir albüm yazmak istememe neden oluyor.
Derek Minor Neden Halkın Şampiyonu Olmak İçin Motive Edildi?
HipHopDX: Bu harika bir motivasyon ve dediğin gibi emeğinin meyvesi. Sana şarkını da sormak istedim, Yabancı. İlk önce Eric Garner davasındaki büyük jüri kararından sonra bunu serbest bıraktın. Albüm için o şarkıyı yayınlamayı bekliyor muydunuz ve o haberden sonra yayınlamaya mı karar verdiniz? Ya da bunu yayınlamanın arkasındaki hikaye neydi?
Derek Minor: Bu aslında komik çünkü o şarkıyı ben yazdım, aslında yazdığım ilk şarkılardan biri İmparatorluk . Bunu yazarken ve miksler gelirken, Eric Garner kararı geri döndükten sonra insanların nerede olduklarını gördüm ve ben de, Yo, bu şarkının gerçekten insanların şu anda uğraştıkları şeyin kalbi. Yani, zaten karıştırılmış ve ustalaşılmıştı, yani mantıklıydı. Ben de şunu söylemeliyiz, çünkü bu şarkının müziğimi dinleyen insanlara gerçekten fayda sağlayacağını düşünüyorum. İnsanların söylediği çok mesaj alıyorum. 'Hey, bu şarkı olayları farklı bir açıdan görmemi sağladı.' Veya 'Bu şarkı çok cesaret vericiydi, benim adıma konuşuyormuşsun gibi hissediyorum.' Ve tüm nihai hedef bu.
HipHopDX: Daha önce, halkın şampiyonu olmaktan bahsediyordunuz. Bu düşündüğünüze bir örnek mi?
Derek Minor: Evet, benim için konu bu. İnsanlar için müzik yapıyorum. Nihai hedef, nihayetinde, Tanrı'yı seviyorum ve bundan kaçış yok. Onu memnun etmek için müzik yapıyorum ama aynı zamanda insanlar için de müzik yapıyorum. İnsanlar hakkında tutkuluyum. Tek ebeveynli bir evde büyüdüm ve büyümek zor çocuklar, yaşadıklarımla aynı tür deneyimleri yaşıyor ve seslerinin duyulduğundan emin olmak istiyorum.
HipHopDX: Kariyerinizin başlarında sizi bunu yapmaya, müziğinize her şeyi katmaya teşvik eden biri var mıydı?
Derek Minor: Eğer biri varsa, o benim babam olurdu. Gitarcıydı, caz gitaristiydi. Hatırlayabildiğim kadarıyla, o gibiydi, yo, parçalayıp öldürmeni, ne yaparsan yap. Bu yüzden ben dokuz yaşındayken bana bir gitar aldı. Ama çok karmaşıktı. Anlamadım Sadece anlamadım. Sonra rap yapmaya başladım. İlk kez rap yaptığımı hatırlıyorum. Ben, o ve yarı sarhoş ve sarhoş üç adam gibiydim. Bu adamın bir ayetin yarısı gibi yazmasının tam anlamıyla iki gün sürdüğünü hatırlıyorum. Bir vuruşları vardı. Sanki bir gece herkes serbest kalıyordu ve ben 12 yaşındayım ve bu yetişkin adamlarla birlikte tükürmeye başlıyorum. Babam gibiydi, yo bu çılgınlık. Böylece bütün yaz yaptığımız tek şey beat yapmak, eski Bruce Lee karate filmlerini izlemek ve rap yaptım. Oradan, o böceği yeni aldım ve hiç durmadı. Sadece onunla ilerlemeye devam ettim. Her şeyi yaptım, basketbol oynadım, her türlü başka şeyi yaptım ama her zaman müziğe geri dönmeye devam ettim. Benim için bir fırsat vardı, Middle Tennessee Eyalet Üniversitesi'nde müzik işi için burs aldım ve oradan müziğe sıkı sıkıya sarıldım.
HipHopDX: Tıpkı ana akımla aynı çizgide ama albümdeki bazı şarkılar, özellikle Kingdom Come ve Slow Down, Hip Hop'taki hızlı hayata ve bazı kültürlere yönelik bir tür eleştiri var. Kültürdeki bu olumsuz şeylerden bazılarına nasıl değişiklik getirmeyi umuyorsunuz?
Derek Minor: Değişim getirmeyi umduğum yol sadece kendim olmaktır. Ben uyuşturucu satıcısı değilim. Ben gangster değilim. Bir karım ve iki çocuğum var. Ben kadın avcısı değilim. Ben kendim olacağım. Bence Hip Hop'taki şeylerden biri, özellikle bugün en şaşırtıcı olanı, Hip Hop'ta çok fazla farklı şey olan o kadar çok insan var ki. Benim için kendim olacağım. Benimle özdeşleşen Hip Hop'u seven insanlar için, bunu masaya getiriyormuşum gibi hissediyorum. Striptiz kulübünde her gün çıplak kadınlara binlerce dolar harcayan tonlarca insan var. Ve Hip Hop'ta normal olan ve duyduğunuz ya da insanların fanatikleştirdiği cömert yaşam tarzlarını yaşaması gerekmeyen insanlar için müzik yaptığımı hissediyorum. İyi müzik dinlemek isteyen insanlar varmış gibi hissediyorum. Ve aynı zamanda, farklı müzikleri duymak isteyen bu yaşam tarzlarını yaşayan insanlar varmış gibi hissediyorum ve kendim gibi hissediyorum, bu sadece bir son hedef sadece kendim olacağım ve sonuç ne olursa olsun onunla yaşayacağım. Ama şöyle olsaydım sahte olurdu, Evet, eskiden uyuşturucu satardım ve o tür bir insan olmadığım halde bir silah alıp seni kafandan vururum.
Bence çoğu insan, bir şeye uymaya çalışmaktan çok özgünlükle özdeşleşiyor. Sadece özgün olacağım ve kendim olacağım ve bu kadar. Benden hoşlanıyorsan, benden hoşlanıyorsun, sevmiyorsan sevmiyorsun ve mesele bu. Ama dilimi ısırıp sahte davranmaya çalışmayacağım, böylece her kim olursa olsun uyum sağlayıp sırtını okşayabileyim. Ben buyum ve gerçekten değişim getirmeyi böyle hissediyorum. Uyuşturucu satıcısı olmanıza gerek yok. Üniversiteye gittim. Üniversiteye gidebilirsin. Kendi işime sahibim. Kendi işinize yasal olarak sahip olabilirsiniz. 'Bu tür şeyleri, mahallemde gördüğümden başka bir yol ya da sonsuza kadar yaptığım gibi hisseden insanlar için masaya getirmek istiyorum. Hissettiğim bu.
HipHopDX: Sormak istedim, başka bir PSA karışık listesi görecek miyiz?
Derek Minor: Hayır. Ben Christopher Nolan gibiyim. Bir üçlemeden sonra, onu bitireceğimize inanıyorum. Ama yakında başka bir mixtape yapabilirim. Konseptin ne olacağını bilmiyorum ama şu anda PSA bunun için bir paket. Sadece geri dönüp o üçünü dinlemelisin.
Derek Minor, Hem Hristiyan hem de Hip Hop Olmaktan Bahsetti
HipHopDX: Ayrıca, Lecrae'nin genel Hip Hop kategorisinde Grammy adaylığına aday gösterilen Christian Hip Hop için ne anlama geldiğini sormak istedim, sizce bu sizin için ne anlama geliyor?
Derek Minor: Sanırım bizim için anlamı, insanların yıllardır ne yaptığımızı anlamaya başlaması. Bu yeni değil. İtiraf edeceğim, Hristiyan olduğunu bildiğim tonlarca sanatçı var ve herhangi birinin projesini sanat uğruna koyacağım. Bunu yıllardır, en uzun süredir kaliteli müzik yapmak için yapıyoruz. Sanırım Hıristiyanlar biraz olsun, bakın, sanırım olan şu ki, herkes o herifi kilisesine getirmiş ki bu pek de iyi değildi ama herkes onu alkışlıyor çünkü sen şöyle diyorsun, Adamım, bu kilise ona bu adamın kaçık olduğunu söyleyemeyiz. Şu anda size söyleyebilirim, çevremdeki insanlar, onları herhangi bir sanatçı döneminin karşısına koyacağım. Hip Hop olduğumuz gibi aynı şey. Ben Hristiyanım ama Hip Hop'um. Jay Z, Tupac'ı dinleyerek büyüdüm, Hip Hop geçmişimi bildiğim gibi her türden dinleyerek büyüdüm. Büyüdüğüm dönemleri, o zamanlar neyin popüler olduğunu biliyorum. Bir Hristiyan olduğum için, Hıristiyanların otomatik olarak herhangi bir nedenle bunun düşük kaliteli olduğunu varsaydığını gördüğünüzde düşünüyorum. Ama bunu yıllardır yapıyoruz. İnsanlar şimdi anlamaya başlıyor.
HipHopDX: Bir kültürle ilişkisini düpedüz reddedersek, onunla ilişki kurmanın imkansız olduğunu hissediyorum. Bu etiketlerle ilgili düşünceleriniz neler?
Derek Minor: Şahsen benim için, etiket, Hıristiyan Hip Hop etiketi veya insanlar sizi nasıl etiketlemek isterlerse etiketleyecekleri için gerçekten umursamıyorum. Bununla ilgili yapabileceğiniz hiçbir şey yok. Seni etiketleyecekler. Bu yüzden benim için tek umursadığım, CD'mi taktığınızda bunun harika olduğunu söylemeniz. Günün sonunda gerçekten umursadığım tek şey bu. Hristiyan Hip Hop'un, Hip Hop'ta Hristiyan olma fikrinin birçok insanın zihninde eşanlamlı olması benim için talihsizlik olduğunu düşünüyorum. Çünkü herkesten fazla tükürebilecek tonlarca Hıristiyan tanıyorum. Bunu başka herhangi bir kültür türüyle veya Yüzde Beş Rap'imiz olmadığı gibi herhangi bir türle yapmayız. Müslüman Rap'imiz yok. Bu sadece Rap. Benim için tercihim sadece bir Hip Hop sanatçısı olarak adlandırılmak. Bu etikete
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a knife edge. The resulting fracture plane spreads out from the point of contact, splitting the tissue into two pieces.
Freeze fracturing can separate the two phospholipid leaflets that formevery cellular membrane(a) A preparation of cells or tissues isquickly frozen in liquid nitrogen at −196°C, which instantly immobilizes cellcomponents. (b) The block of frozen cellsis fractured with a sharp blow from a coldknife. The fracture plane is irregular, oftenbetween the leaflets of the plasma or anorganelle membrane. (c) Membraneproteins and particles remain bound to oneleaflet or the other, as illustrated in theexpanded view of a fractured membrane.
shadowing coating specimen with a thin film of a heavy metal freeze-etching freeze specimen then fracture along lines of greatest weakness (e.g., membranes)
GRID IS A SIEVE WOVEN FROM A THIN METAL WIRE,USUALLYNICKEL OR COPPER GRIDS OF 3 mm DIAMETER ARECOMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE WITH DIFFERENT MESHSIZES(GENERALLY OF 100-200 µm SIZE)
Staphylococcus aureus platinum replica image shot on a TEM at 50,000X magnification
CONCLUSION and RECOMMENDATION Sample preparation for TEM involves more and some different steps than those for SEM. Like in any multi-step preparation procedure, virtually every step can affect the quality of the final electron micrograph. A single mistake in one of these steps will affect all remaining steps, and thus the outcome of the entire study. It is therefore important that the investigator plans and executes every step in great detail. These procedures involve a significant time commitment and require patience and skills that come only with practice. It is important to mention that most of the chemicals used in EM are dangerous. Investigator must be aware of potential hazards such as fire, chemical, electrical, and physical associated with these items.IKATIKAT (2022) is a photographic sculptural series that references intertwining histories, cultural narratives, and creative processes associated with ikat, borrowed from the Indonesian word meaning “to bind.” While its origins are believed to be in Java, the fabric maintains roots across the globe including India, Uzbekistan, Argentina, Bolivia, Mexico, Yemen, and Central and South East Asia. Across the world, ikat is known by different monikers and carries varying degrees of significance. Ikat is also known as endek to Indonesians, kasuri to the Japanese, atlas to the Uyghurs, matmi to the Thai, jaspe to Oaxaquenos, pochampally to Hydrabadis, patola to Gujaratis, darayee to Iranians, and tiraz to Yemenis. Regardless of the differing names that each community uses to reference it, the process is consistent. This particular cloth, considered to be one of the “holy weaves”, is regarded as a fabric of the wealthy and/or the sacred. Today, it is most commonly referred to as ikat and has been adopted into other Anglo-European languages where the practice was never developed, but rather appropriated.
Ikat employs a complex process of production using a resist dye process, similar to that of batik which also originated in Java, but dissimilar in that the dying process takes place before the threads are woven together. The process by which Ikat is created, engages a team of Master artisans and time tested methods. Once the cotton or silk is rendered from the cotton tree or silk worm’s cocoon, artisans create long threads that are wrapped around two wooden bolts. This process is referred to as “the weave.” The weave is then brought to a specialized artisan who sets the Ikat’s design. This process is achieved by dividing the bolts of threads into equal parts, encasing parts with wax or wrapping them with tape, and then dipping each portion into specific dyes to create a dye resistant result. The wax is then boiled off or the tapes removed. Finally the unbound threads are carefully and systematically lined up to reveal exceptional patterns which evoke dramatic visual shifts. An opposing thread, known as “the weft,” is used on the loom to produce the horizontal stitching. While the width of the fabric is restricted to the loom, the length is not — therefore offering repeated sequences rippling across potentially endless lengths of vibrantly rich cottons and silks.
IKATIKAT (2022) draws the viewer’s attention to the highly enigmatic textile, and also questions ikat’s vulnerability to the historical and geopolitical implications of its production, especially in the context of an ever-consuming capitalist and globalized world. As originally, the fabric’s migration to Europe in the 20th Century emerged from Dutch colonization of the West Indies, Indonesia.
As a child I was exposed to some of the most exquisite textiles through travels with my mother. Ikats were among the many textiles that I encountered along these journeys and I would encounter them mostly in textile markets. The patterns enthralled me as my eyes vibrated across the flowing gowns and garments of those who wore them. It was only years later, in my adulthood that I discovered that my native land, Yemen, was famous for the weave and renowned across the Muslim world for the high skilled workmanship that the Yemeni Masters produced. Ikat was once found throughout Yemen in silks and cotton, which often included gold leaf. According to the Cleveland Museum of Art, some of the oldest forms of Ikat can be traced back to textile workshops in Sana’a, Yemen in the 9th and 10th centuries. This form of Ikat is referred to as cotton warp-ikat tiraz, and often includes shades of indigo, tan, and ivory, embellished with inscriptions. The Cleveland Museum of Art notes that many surviving pieces of Yemeni Ikat fabrics were found in ancient middens at Forstat in Egypt. Unfortunately this part of our heritage would be erased –– a repercussion of colonization, war, and the fragmentation of our people with our diaspora spread across the globe.
In 2016, the allure of the textile would draw me in once again deep into the Fergana Valley of Uzbekistan, in a town called Margillon. I spent several weeks there with Master Ikat designers, dyers and weavers, in what is considered to be one of the oldest and longest existing ikat factories along the Silk Road. This area served as a crossroads between cultures, and became a vibrant place where the exchange of textiles, stories, myths, and symbolism took place across time.
Today, Margillon is a sleepy town that attracts occasional tourists who make their way off the beaten track from the otherwise renowned Samarkand and Bukhara. Its last claim to fame was in 2013, when famed fashion designer Oscar de la Renta sourced his fabrics for his Fall 2013 collection. While the kaleidoscopic designs of versicolored textiles took the fashion industry by storm, Margillon remains unchanged. The pattern continued to be appropriated by the fashion industry, and its origin confused and co-opted as something other than Uzbek. It has been drastically removed from its source(s), and as such is widely recognized to be associated primarily with “Eastern'' cultures. In many instances, when searching online for example, ikat is often misattributed to Turkey or Morocco, when in fact it’s sourced in Uzbekistan. Ultimately, IKATIKAT (2022) reminds the viewer of where the fabric originates, and signifies the unseen master artisans themselves.
Furthermore, what goes amiss in the wide consumption of the textile is how pattern functions as a lexicon. The team of Master artisans engage in a highly mathematical and organizational system to produce the cloth, requiring each of them to be highly skilled and fluent in the entire lexicon of Ikat symbolism. Artisans memorize the entire canon of motifs present in the ikat fabrics, understanding the meaning of each symbol and it’s mathematical measurements. Examples include rams horns, pomegranates, the evil eye, blueberries, snakes, and paisley. Fabrics with particular symbols are worn for different occasions, both daily and ceremonially. The symbols are thus activated as expressions of specific qualities and narratives, and most importantly as protection. It becomes a shield, not for the fine quality of the cotton or silk being used, but rather for the power of the symbol that is portrayed within. Visually, the movement within the fabric, and the shifting shapes in the textiles, can cause a rupture in the viewer’s perception. The fluctuations within the fabric, the oscillating symbols and colors trouble notions of categorization and fixed definition.
IKATIKAT (2022) conceptualizes this collaboration of thread, dye and meaning –– wherein the cloth itself takes on frequencies of the individual and of the materials –– that lend to the sense of movement present in the final creation. What is rendered is a hyperoptic result that allows the textile, and ultimately the wearer, to stand out while simultaneously camouflaging the curves and lines of the body. Ikat is also used in the decoration of interior spaces where entire rooms are upholstered from floor to ceiling, including furniture and those living within, creating dreamlike experiences. Ikat manifests into an expression of the land from which the materials are harvested and the imagination of those who exist upon it.
- Mackie, Louise W. Symbols of Power: Luxury Textiles from Islamic Lands, 7th-21st Century. Cleveland; New Haven: Cleveland Museum of Art; Yale University Press, 2015. Reproduced: p. 104: Mentioned: p. 105, 215
Featuring at Octavia Gallery, New Orleans, May 6-27th. Opening of exhibition is May 6th. Reception is from 6-8 pm.As funders, part of our research at Boon includes studying special books. The books on this page represent just a few that we have read to further our understanding. As time permits we will add more.
How we read, why so many can't, and what can be done about it.
By Mark Seidenberg
By Brock L. Eide M.D. M.A. and Fernette F. Eide M.D.
The following is an outline of quotes and paraphrases derived from Dr. Levine’s book, A Mind at a Time
, and it describes his Thinking Systems.
By Anthony Pedriana
Following his 35-year career as a public school teacher, Tony Pedriana, “trained reading specialist” and principal, thoroughly researched the discrepancies between reading science and instruction practices in the American education system. What he learned changed his perspective on reading instruction training. His book, Leaving Johnny Behind: Overcoming Barriers to Literacy and Reclaiming At-Risk Readers, continues to be an important one. It includes a forward by Dr. G. Reid Lyon, the former Chief of the Child Development and Behavior Branch within the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) at the National Institute of Health (NIH).
By Thomas G. West
In Thinking Like Einstein, West investigates the new worlds of visual thinking, insight, and creativity made possible by computer graphics and information visualization technologies. He argues that, with the rapid spread of inexpensive and powerful computers, we are now at the beginning of a major transition, moving from an old world based mainly on words and numbers to a new world where high level work in all fields will eventually involve insights based on the display and manipulation of complex information using moving computer images.
By Jane Oakhill
The Handbook of Reading Comprehension presents an overview of recent findings on reading comprehension and comprehension problems of children. It provides a detailed examination of the characteristics of children who have reading comprehension difficulties, and examines ways in which comprehension can be supported and improved. It is accessibly written for students and professionals with no previous background in the psychology of reading or reading problems.
By Peggy McCardle
As education professionals work to incorporate scientific, evidence-based practices to reading instruction, one thing is clear: sound decisions depend on solid understanding of what the research says. This book brings together all the information readers need in a single volume. A masterful synthesis of information from leading experts in the field, this accessible resource helps school administrators, educators, and specialists answer complex questions about scientifically based reading research and make informed choices about teaching practices.
By Thomas G. West
In the Mind's Eye has been recognized as a classic in its field, and has been recognized as among the "best of the best" by the American Library Association. The book offers a uniquely compelling argument for the great importance of visual learning and visual technologies, as well as the high creative importance of many individuals with language-based or other learning disabilities.
By Faith Borkowsky
This reminds me of how one small change in American Education has led to out-of-control illiteracy rates more than any other change - the marginalization of phonics in the kindergarten through third grade classrooms.
Read more | Buy bookWhy Market Targeting? Before engaging in marketing campaigns and promotions, businesses need to decide who they would like to aim their products at. This involves analysing and splitting, segmenting the market into different sectors. The most effective way to segment the market, will depend on the product and the business producing the product. After segmentation, firms can adopt one of three strategies to target customers.
Option 1: Undifferentiated Marketing
Undifferentiated marketing is marketing that does not target, a particular segment of the market. Instead the firm adopts one marketing strategy and hopes that it will appeal to as many people as possible. Sometimes referred to as mass marketing, undifferentiated marketing, usually involves targeting the whole market with one product. Coca Cola’s original marketing strategy was based on this format when they offered one product, which they believed had universal appeal. However, now that Coca Cola has introduced other products, it has changed its marketing strategy to differentiated marketing. An undifferentiated marketing strategy, can be cheaper than the other strategies because there is only one product to produce, distribute, and market. It can also be cheaper because the firm is not targeting multiple market segments. The disadvantage is the challenge involved in producing a product (and marketing campaign) which is universally appealing enough to make it profitable.
Option 2: Differentiated Marketing
If a firm decides to target several segments of the market, it is engaging in a differentiated marketing strategy. Under a differentiated marketing strategy, a firm will develop products and services with separate marketing mix strategies for each of the segments chosen, by the firm. An airline company offering first (segment 1), business (segment 2) and economy class tickets (segment3), with separate marketing programmes to attract customers for each of the ticket types, is an example of differentiated marketing strategy.
Option 3: Concentrated Marketing
Concentrated marketing occurs when a business concentrates its marketing effort on one segment of the market. The firm will develop a product that caters for the needs of that particular group. For example, Rolls Royce cars, and the Harrods Group, target the premium segment of the market. Concentrated marketing can have lower costs than the other two options. It can be a good option for small or new businesses. The disadvantage is that it reduces the number of customers, that the firm is targeting. It also means that the firm needs to be sure that they have selected the correct segment of the market.
There are three targeting strategies that can be used by firms when aiming their products and services at market segments. Undifferentiated marketing implements one marketing strategy aimed at the whole marketplace, differentiated marketing, tailors marketing efforts for each market segment chosen by the firm, whilst concentrated marketing, tailors marketing strategy for one particular segment of the market. Each of the three targeting strategies has its advantages and disadvantages; these should be weighed up when deciding which one to adopt.وجود انحراف در تزریق واکسن به پاکبانان در برخی مناطق تهران
به گزارش مجله 90 جعبه، به گزارش خبرنگاران، پیروز حناچی که امروز برای توضیحاتی درباره ماجرای تخلف در واکسیناسیون پاکبانان منطقه 6 به شورای شهر پایتخت آمده بود بعد از توضیحاتش به برخی سوالات اعضای شورا پاسخ داد.
او درباره واکسیناسیون رانندگان تاکسی گفت: تلفات زیادی در بخش تاکسیرانی در مواجهه با کرونا وجود داشت که متاسفانه در دستورالعمل لحاظ نشده بود.
شهردار تهران با بیان اینکه تا کنون بیش از 240 نفر از تاکسیرانان به دلیل ابتلا به کرونا فوت کرده اند، افزود: واکسیناسیون راننده های تاکسی در حال پیگیری است.
شهردار تهران در پاسخ به سوال دیگری درباره اینکه برخی از مناطق هنوز واکسن دریافت نکرده اند، گفت: مناطق مختلف تهران بین سه دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، ایران و علوم پزشکی تهران توزیع شده که شیوه توزیع واکسن در این دانشگاه ها متفاوت است.
حناچی گفت: روز چهارشنبه گزارشی در مورد استفاده مدیران شهرداری از سهمیه واکسن پاکبان ها منتشر شد. این موضوع را در همه مناطق بررسی کردیم. در بررسی ها مشخص شد که مقداری انحراف در برخی از مناطق بوده است.
وی افزود: براساس دستور، اسامی کسانی که واکسن دریافت کرده اند در سایت شفاف بارگذاری شد. نبودن نظارت مناسب در مرحله تزریق واکسن در مراکز بهداشت این حواشی را به وجود آورده بود. در مابقی مناطق تلاش شده وحدت رویه طی شود. انشاءالله با ابلاغ پروتکل تنظیمی این رویه اصلاح می شود.
آخرین اخبار کرونا را در صفحه ویروس کرونا در خبرنگاران بخوانید.
منبع: همشهری آنلاین و ایسنامنبع: تجارت نیوزAşağı Avusturya’daki eyalet parlamentosu Pazar günü seçilecek. Partiler son kez seferber olmak için cuma günü seçim kampanyası sonuçlarını kutladılar. ÖVP, parti genel merkezinde son bir seferberlik çağrısı yaparak başladı.
Yeşiller, Mödling’deki son sprintlerinde kendilerine güveniyorlardı ve NEOS, St. Pölten’deki Herrenplatz’daki finale davet edildi. SPÖ ve FPÖ, öğleden sonra eyalet başkentinde aynı şeyi yaptı.
ÖVP’nin ana mesajı yine FPÖ ile SPÖ arasındaki işbirliğini tehdit ettiği iddia edildi. Eyalet yöneticisi Bernhard Ebner, uyarı olarak mavi ve sarı yerine mavi ve kırmızı renklerde bir eyalet bayrağı bile açtı ve “tüm zamanların en kirli seçim kampanyasından” şikayet etti. Mavi-kırmızı olmaması için son güçleri seferber etmek önemlidir. Daha sonra mavi ve sarılı taraftarlar eyalet başkentine akın etti. En iyi aday olan Vali Johanna Mikl-Leitner, ülke çapında bir kampanya gezisindeydi.
Öte yandan NEOS, kapanış etkinliğinde, eyalet seçimlerinden sonra ülkede beliren bir “İbiza koalisyonu”ndan daha az mavi ve kırmızı gördü. NEOS patronu Beate Meinl-Reisinger ve genel sekreteri ile konuşan NEOS’un en iyi adayı Indra Collini, ÖVP’nin duvara mavi-kırmızı hayaleti boyadığını, ancak aslında odada zaten siyah-mavi bir “İbiza koalisyonu” olduğunu söyledi. görünüm Douglas Hoyos desteklendi. Sabahın geç saatlerinde orta derecede kar yağışıyla birlikte 100 civarında yetkili ve pembe aksesuarlı sempatizan ile seyirciler St. Pölten’deki Herrenplatz’daki Marian sütununun yanında toplandı.
Büyük bir güven
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’interno della cassa è necessaria la aspetto all’incirca legni all’incirca varie dimensioni proveniente da rovinare, per stai lontano da che rosicchi eccessivamente all’fuori della cassa, in primis i mobili per la casa in a legno duro. Oltre a ciò, intuizione inoltre all’incirca schiaffo 1-2 corde, così come qualche campionato all’incirca conoscenza per ratificare le giornate in a vostra carenza.
Come infatti nutre un pappagallo?
In struttura, la maggioranza di dei pappagalli infatti nutre all’incirca semi, frutti, noci, germogli, foglie, polline, periodicamente inoltre all’incirca larve così come insetti, a base di argilla, o anche del sporco benestante all’incirca sali minerali.
Cosa dà trascina ai pappagalli?
Il pappagallo potrebbe forse essere effettivamente ubriaco dalle esalazioni all’incirca acetoni, candeggine, ammoniache, prodotti comunemente utilizzati in a appartamento. «Ogni componente che emetta un aroma sgradevole o anche notevole per il nostro team — indugiare Ghibaudo — è notevolmente pericolosa per il pappagallo, compresi i profumi per la consumatore così come quelli ambientali.
Cosa fornire proveniente da masticare agli inseparabili?
Oltre al mangime, un’altra sostanza base della tutti loro alimentazione è rappresentata dalla prodotto di frutta così come dalla vegetariano: mela, pera, fichi, agrumi, kiwi, albicocche sono ogni persona ben graditi dagli inseparabili. Tra le verdure somministrabili troviamo i pomodori, le carote, gli spinaci, l’indivia così come il cavolo.
Quali sono i pappagalli che parlano ancora di più?
5 tipi all’incirca pappagalli parlanti
- Pappagalli parlanti: il calopsite. …
- Cenerino, il pappagallo parlante non piu una buona idea. …
- Pappagalli che parlano: il cacatua. …
- Pappagalli che imitano la storia umana: conuro del fotovoltaico. …
- Il pappagallo parlante non piu longevo: l’ara.
Come scoprire se un pappagallo così come soddisfatto?
Un pappagallo soddisfatto é base proveniente da mettere da parte: i suoi occhi scintillano, il piumaggio è tagliare così come splendente così come il attività del suo servizio, struttura è scudo. Un pappagallo frustrato, contatore, ha gli occhi spenti, le piume arruffate, assume una postura fragile così come insicura, così come ha terrorizzato all’incirca qualunque cosa ciò che lo circonda.
Cosa vuol suggerire il momento il pappagallo infatti gonfia?
Il pappagallo infatti gonfia in gran parte dato che reagisce al bello. Gonfiarsi è un metodo per conserva il caldo, viceversa periodicamente gonfia le piume in a stagione estiva, ovvero in a tempi all’incirca grave caldo, un procedura per Esperienza molto meno il stupendo.
Come far scoprire al pappagallo che sbaglia?
Parla con attenzione. Usa un tonalità all’incirca storia povero il momento vuoi far scoprire al il tuo pappagallo che ha commesso un supervisione. Cerca all’incirca essere effettivamente il molto meno psicologico realizzabile così come sii momentaneo. Rimarrai stupito all’incirca quanto questo procedura possa essere effettivamente utile!
Cerchi Mangime per Parrocchetti? Scopri la nostra di cibo e semi per pappagalli e calopsiti con prezzo al kg sacchetto su zooplus.it ▻ Acquista subito !
Cosa si può dare da mangiare al parrocchetto monaco?
Cosa dare da mangiare ai parrocchetto?
Quanto deve mangiare un parrocchetto monaco?
Stai guardando: Mangime per parrocchetto monaco?
Fonte: townhouserome
Categoria: Qual è lo战狼（吴奇隆 饰） 王爱（甘婷婷 饰） 胡队幼（ 饰） 青木（赵会南 饰）
老猎户（于荣光 饰） 曹昆（陈迪 饰） 皮三（蒋云奇 饰） 哑吧（胡洋 饰）
六子（罗栋 饰） 四喜（张百奎 饰） 林将军（飞 饰） 小天（孙锡堃 饰）
1942年，山中三个年老的猎户战狼（吴奇隆饰）、桩子战冬儿上山围猎，有意间目击了游击队与日军为争与一批毒气弹原料而剧烈交火的排场，求助紧急时辰战狼伸出援手，救上游击队大夫王爱，并让本人的火伴冬儿与桩子将毒气弹原料抢走。日军为找回原料了战狼村中一百多名苍生。战狼眼看着本人的父亲战老刀日军中佐北条刀下，而战狼的后脑中弹，桩子被抓走，冬儿被游击队救下。
为查出毒气弹的着落，日军留住战狼的人命，但脑内的枪弹没法掏出，战狼终究正在暗藏日军总部的我公开交通站何大夫战八军张县支队的助助下惊险追走。
桩子主军工场追窜时带出一个哑吧，其真这人是一位日本，哑吧随着桩子追窜，方针就是的毒气弹，没想到半碰到救出战狼的张县八军支队队幼等人，哑吧暗藏上去筹算摸清游击队卧底名单，并共同北条将胡队幼的步队一扫而光。战狼操纵对于山林的熟习战作战技能防止了张县支队的，而他与王爱的感情也正在渐渐的转变着。
同心专心报复的战狼正在支队留了上去，正在一次攻击军工场的战争中，战狼看到杀父敌人青木，感动下的战狼再次，何大夫操纵与横山大佐的联系，查清情形，再次正在支队的助助下使战狼及狱中战俘们一路胜利追狱，而我公开联系站张县棺材铺的掌柜刘老太，操纵身份保护世人躲过日军，本人的儿子却正在青木枪下，战狼被白叟家为牺牲的大恐惧震动。
哑吧害死了支队，带着主杨身上夺与的谍报回到张县，却因伤势过重没法启齿发言。日军要带哑吧去太原接管手术，王爱假扮跟上火车，战狼与狱中老友一路潜入火车，哑吧救出王爱，而团幼曹昆壮烈。1 Why SPF ?
Sender Policy Framework (SPF) is a simple email-validation system designed to detect email spoofing by providing a mechanism to allow sending mail exchangers to check that sending mail from a domain comes from a host authorized by that domain's administrators. The list of authorized sending hosts for a domain is published in the Domain Name System (DNS) records for that domain in the form of a specially formatted TXT record. It authenticates a sender’s identity by comparing the sending mail server’s IP address to the list of authorized sending IP addresses published by the sender in the DNS record. Email spam and phishing often use forged "from" addresses, so publishing and checking SPF records can be considered anti-spam techniques.So, based on your issue you are in the need of adding SPF records in your domain.
2 Steps to be followed to Generate SPF record :Compulsive spending is a problem that occurs when a person has an obsession with buying and shopping that has negative effects on their life. In its extreme form it can be diagnosed as Compulsive Buying Disorder. This disorder has serious financial repercussions but can also affect a person’s social and personal life.
- Presence of another mood or anxiety disorder
- Intrusive thoughts about shopping
- Spending money as a coping mechanism
- Fighting with a significant other about spending
- Feeling a rush when spending money
- Feeling guilt or regret after spending
- Lying about spending
- Going into debt to support overspending
People who engage in compulsive spending tend to use it as a coping mechanism. When faced with uncomfortable feelings like anxiety and depression they will feel the need to go shopping. In this case, spending money provides a brief reprieve from negative emotions. Living in a materialistic society can add to and agitate the problem, but causes are likely deeper. Compulsive spenders will tie their self-esteem and self-worth to their possessions, showing a fundamental issue in their identity that they attempt to reconcile with materialism.
The most obvious consequence of compulsive spending is financial, so financial counseling can be an important first step. Psychotherapy will show this person that they are shopping to fill a void or to avoid negative feelings. Due to the prevalence of the problem there are groups where sufferers can openly share their stories with likeminded people.
We Can Help
Open Path’s therapists offer beneficial services that encourage insight, self-reflection, and healthy coping mechanisms. Our therapists furnish a supportive environment, providing healthy outlooks and understanding.
Interested in seeing one of our therapists for an affordable rate? Start your search here.Eğer kurumsal merdiveni tırmanmak ve bir yönetici pozisyonuna kazanmak istiyorsanız, MBA tam size göre. Bu program fonksiyonel, iş alanlarında bir dizi, anlayış açısından, size bilgi ve çok yönlülük kazanmak için becerileri sağlar. Artı yeteneği stratejik planlama katkıda bulunmak, araçlar ve analiz kullanımı, ve karar verme için.
İsviçre, resmen İsviçre Konfederasyonu, federal yetkililerin merkezi olarak Bern, 26 kantondan oluşan federal bir parlamenter cumhuriyettir. İsviçre 'ın bağımsızlığı ve tarafsızlığı uzun büyük Avrupalı güçler tarafından onur olmuştur. İsviçre düşük işsizlik ile huzurlu, müreffeh ve istikrarlı modern bir piyasa ekonomisidir.
İsviçre'de En iyi {mbastudies-executive-course:plural} 'da Üniversitelerle İletişime Geçin 2019
Yürütme CAS giderek daha karmaşık ve küresel BİT başarı için gerekli analitik, fonksiyonel ve kişilerarası becerileri sağlamak [+]
ICT veya Hizmet Yönetimi İcra CAS
Eğer profesyonel bir meydan okuma ve kariyer geliştirme mi arıyorsunuz ? Sonra, Bilgi ve İletişim Teknolojileri İcra CAS (Certificate of Advanced Studies), (BİT) veya Hizmet Yönetimi ve ağımızın bir parçası haline ! İcra CAS, işlevsel, analitik ve kişilerarası giderek daha karmaşık ve küresel ICT başarı için gerekli becerileri yanı sıra Utility iş ve yönetim ortamı ile katılımcılar sağlar. ICT veya Hizmet Yönetimi İcra CAS, 10 modül ile 5 kurs hafta temsil eden ve tam zamanlı veya part-time olabilir. Ders saatinin yarısı, kalan süre, pratik çalışmalar ve vaka çalışmaları (ICT veya Hizmet Yönetimi) ayrılan ise, ilgili konu alan yeni bilgi edinimi ayrılmıştır.... [-]
Eğer profesyonel bir meydan okuma ve kariyer geliştirme mi arıyorsunuz? Sonra Bilgi ve İletişim Teknolojileri İcra Diploma, (BİT) almak [+]
İcra Diploması (DAS)
Eğer profesyonel bir meydan okuma ve kariyer geliştirme mi arıyorsunuz? Sonra Bilgi ve İletişim Teknolojileri (BİT) veya Hizmet Yönetimi, senin İcra Diploma almak ve ağımızın bir parçası haline! İcra Diploma giderek daha karmaşık ve küresel ICT başarı yanı sıra Utility iş ve yönetim ortamı için gerekli işlevsel, analitik ve kişilerarası becerilerle donatmak. ICT veya Hizmet Yönetimi İcra Diploma 20 modül ile toplam 10 ders hafta içinde temsil eden ve part-time ya da tam zamanlı tamamlanabilir. Program iki modülden oluşan her blok ile (Pazartesi-Cumartesi) haftalık bloklar halinde düzenlenmiştir. Kalan süre (ICT veya Hizmet Yönetimi) pratik çalışmalar ve vaka çalışmaları için ayrılan süre Ders saatinin yarısı, konu alanı concernend yeni bilgi edinimi ayrılmıştır.... [-]
Yürütme Liderlik Koçluğu tam bir keşif, hizalama, değerlendirme, geri bildirim ve koçluk paketi sunuyor. Başka bir CCL program veya tek başına bir liderlik geliştirme fırsatı olarak boyunca meşgul olabilir. [+]
Odaklı model koçluk araştırma Bu özel yapılmış, tek-için-bir gelişim deneyimi orta yeteneği atılım liderlik için hazırlanıyor düzey yönetici-üst düzey büyük bir yapması gereken veya sorumluluk kapsamı. yürütme Liderlik Koçluğu paket sağlayan tam bir keşif, hizalama, değerlendirme, geri bildirim ve koçluk. Bu fırsat geliştirme liderlik yalnız boyunca olabilir meşgul olan bir başka CCL program ya da bir stand.
Formatgenellikle kişilik ve tarz anketler içeren özel bir değerlendirme paketi, 360 derece geribildirim alet ve seçilen çalışma arkadaşları ile telefon görüşmeleri. Şahıs bildirim ve hedef belirleme oturumlarında. Mayıs çalıştırıcı, coachee arasında bir patron-uyum oturum ve gelişim hedefleri konusunda anlaşmaya çimento danışmanı bulunmaktadır. içerebilir medyanın çeşitli kullanan Sürekli koçluk: telefon, kişilik, video, veya on-line bağlantıya geçmek gör. gölgeleme - - Sahada gözlemler üzerine değerlendirme ya da koçluk aşaması dahil edilebilir. ... [-]ضرورت ایجاد ۲۰ شرکت دانش بنیان برای اشتغال دانش آموختگان
معاون علمی و فناوری و اقتصاد دانش بنیان ریاست جمهوری از تهیه پیش نویس طرح جدید دانش بنیان ها خبر داد و گفت: ایجاد ۲۰ شرکت دانش بنیان تا افق ۱۴۰۴ برای ایجاد اشتغال تمام دانش آموختگان ضروری است.
دکتر روح الله دهقانی فیروزآبادی، معاون علمی و فناوری و اقتصاد دانش بنیان امروز صبح در نشست خبری گفت: اقتصاد دانش بنیان از جمله موضوعات مهم و ماموریت جدیدی است که به صورت جدی در این معاونت دنبال می شود. اکنون با فعالیت خوب و ارزشمند نزدیک به ۸ هزار و ۵۰۰ شرکت دانش بنیان، زمینه ایجاد تغییرات بزرگ در کشور وجود دارد.
وی اظهارداشت: اقتصاد کشور، راهی جز دانش بیان شدن ندارد که به واسطه آن بهره برداری و کیفیت افزایش پیدا می کند. امیدواریم با سیاست های جدید این معاونت که در نسل چهارم آن طراحی، پیاده سازی و اجرایی می شود، بتوانیم هر سال شاهد رشد سهم اقتصاد دانش بنیان در GDP کشور داشته باشیم.
وی با اشاره به علت چرایی دو برابر نشدن میزان شرکت های دانش بنیان اظهارداشت: بر مبنای محاسبات ما برای اینکه کشور سالانه به درصد GDP و میزان خوب اشتغال برسیم، امسال نیاز به تاسیس ۲۰ هزار شرکت و موسسه دانش بنیان داریم.
وی یادآورشد: طی یک دهه گذشته نزدیک به ۶ هزار و ۵۰۰ شرکت شرکت بنیان شکل گرفته است.این در حالی است که در سال ۱۴۰۰ تعداد ۵۰۰ شرکت دانشبنیان و در سال ۱۴۰۱ تعداد ۱۴۰۰ شرکت تاییدیه دریافت کردهاند.
وی افزود: شرکت ها به دو روش دانش بنیان می شوند. نخست، شرکتی وجود دارد و ساختارها و قابلیت هایش را ارتقا می دهد. دوم، شرکت دانش بنیانی که باید زیر ساخت هایش را ایجاد کنیم. ایجاد شرکت یک فرایند یک ساله نیست و حداقل سه تا پنج سال زمان نیاز دارد. پارسال در جهت کمک به شرکت ها اقداماتی انجام دادیم. با این اوصاف سال گذشته نسبت به سال ۱۴۰۰ صد درصد افزایش تعداد شرکت دانش بنیان وجود داشت. افزایش دو برابری اتفاق افتاد اما افزایش ده برابری در سال، اتفاق نیفتاد. اکنون شرکتی نداریم که پتانسیل دانش بنیان شدن داشته باشد اما دانش بنیان نشود. ایجاد ۲۰ شرکت دانش بنیان تا افق ۱۴۰۴ برای ایجاد اشتغال تمام دانش آموختگان ضروری است.
معاون علمی و فناوری رئیس جمهوری از تهیه پیش نویس طرح جدید دانش بنیان ها خبر داد و در این خصوص گفت: از سال ۱۳۸۹ قانون حمایت از دانش بنیان ها تصویب و طی ۱۲ سال اجرایی شد و از سال گذشته هم طرح جهش تولید دانش بنیان به تصویب رسید تا براساس این قانون ناهماهنگی برطرف شود؛ این قانون، اکنون دستمایه تغییر نظام ارزشیابی دانش بنیان ها در کشور شده است.
دهقانی فیروزآبادی بیان کرد: دوشنبه (18 اردیبهشت) در جلسه راهبردی شورای راهبردی محصولات دانش بنیان، پیش نویس طرح جدید دانش بنیان ها ارائه شود. این طرح قرار است به صورت آزمایشی از اواخر اردیبهشت اجرایی شود.
وی درباره منع دخالت دولت در بخش های خصوصی گفت: مقام معظم رهبری تأکید دارند جاهایی که شرکت های بخش خصوصی می توانند فعالیت کنند، ورود دولت حرام شرعی است. در این راستا در سه ماهه آخر سال گذشته بند پ ماده ۱۰ ابلاغ شد. در آیین اجرایی این بند قانونی، ساز و کار ورود بخش خصوصی قاعده مند شده است. بدین منظور اکنون دبیرخانه ای در معاونت علمی تشکیل شده است تا شرکت های دانشبنیان محصولات استاندارد با کیفیت در حجم مناسبی از بازار را تولید کنند.
وی خاطرنشان کرد: بخش بزرگی از اقتصاد کشور دولتی و بخش دیگری خصوصی سنتی است. ما اکنون برای توسعه بخش کوچک اقتصاد خصوصی را تصویب کرده ایم. در این راستا مودیان مالیاتی می توانند سرمایه ها را در مسیر توسعه فعالیت های دانشبنیان به کار گیرند. نمونه بارز این اقدام مربوط به حوزه معدن و پتروشیمی است. سرمایه خلیج فارس در بخش پتروشیمی با سرمایه اولیه ۲ هزار میلیارد تومان راهاندازی شده است. هفته آینده نیز صندوق بخش معدن با حضور چند شرکت راهاندازی می شود. شرط ما برای راه اندازی چنین صندوق هایی این است که موضوعات فعالیت آنها به تایید شورای راهبری محصولات دانشبنیان معاونت برسد.
معاون علمی رئیسجمهوری گفت: حوزه علم و فناوری در بسیاری از حیطه ها سفید و
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ve Kainat Güzelleri
Güzellik yarışmaları, kadınların fiziksel özelliklerinin ön planda tutularak değerlendirildiği yarışmalardır. Zamanla bu yarışmaların çoğu, yarışmacıların kişilik özelliklerini, zekalarını ve yeteneklerini de değerlendirmeler arasına almıştır. Bu yarışmalar genel olarak, evlenmemiş genç kızların katıldığı ulusal ve uluslararası yarışmalardır
İlk güzellik yarışması MÖ 2000’de bugün Kaz Dağları olarak bilinen İda Dağı’nda yapıldığı Homeros’un İlyada destanında geçmektedir. Eris, Hera, Athena ve Afrodit yarışmacılardır. Ve yarışmayı Afrodit kazanmıştır.
Modern zamanların ilk güzellik yarışması ise 350 aday ile yapılmış olan 19 Eylül 1988 tarihinde Belçika’da Concours de Beaute adlı yarışmadır. Bu yarışmada 18 yaşındaki Bertha Soucaret ilk güzellik kraliçesi olmuştur. 14 Ağustos 1908 tarihinde İngiltere’de ilk resmi uluslararası yarışma, ilk Dünya güzellik Kraliçesi yarışması ise 19 Nisan 1951’de Londra Festival kapsamında düzenlenmiştir.
Miss Universe(Kainat Güzellik Yarışması),Amerika merkezli Miss Universe Organization tarafından her yıl düzenlenen uluslar arası güzellik yarışmasıdır. Dünyada 190’dan fazla ülke katılmaktadır. Miss World, Miss Supranational, Miss Grand International ve Miss International ile birlikte dünyanın en büyük beş güzellik yarışmasından birisi olarak kabul edilmektedir.
1952 yılından beri düzenlenen bu yarışmanın ilk 30 yıllık Kainat Güzellerini inceleyelim :
Armi Helena Kuusena
20 Ağustos 1934 doğumlu bir Fin sadaka işçisi, model ve güzellik kraliçesi olan Armi Helena Kuusela 1952 yılında, 17 yaşında katıldığı ulusal güzellik yarışmasında birinci olmuştur.
Christiane Martel
18 Ocak 1936, Piennes, Fransa doğumlu Fransız aktris ve model olan Martel, 1953 yılında ülkesinde düzenlenen ulusal güzellik yarışmasında 18 yaşındayken “Miss Fransa” seçilmiştir ve Miss Universe güzellik yarışmasında birinci olmuştur.
Miriam Stevenson
4 Temmuz 1933, ABD doğumlu Amerikalı manken, eski güzellik kraliçesi ve aktris Miriam Stevenson 1954 yılında 21 yaşında ‘Miss Universe’ güzellik yarışmasına katılmış ve birinciliği elde etmiştir.
Hillevi Rombin
İsveçli aktris olan Rombin 1955 yılında 21 yaşındayken katıldığı Miss Unıverse’nin birincisi olarak dördüncü galibi oldu.
Carol Morris
1956 yılında yarışmanın beşinci yılında Miss Universe unvanını kazanan 20 yaşında Miss USA olan Amerikalı aktris, model ve güzellik kraliçesidir.
Gladys Zender
19 Ekim 1939 doğumlu Perulu aktris ve manken. 1957 yılında ‘Miss Peru’ yarışmasında birinci olmuştur. Miss Universe güzellik yarışmasında 17 yaşında birincilik tacını takmıştır.
Luz Marina Zuluaga
Kolombiyalı model 1958 yılında 19 yaşında ‘Miss Kolombiya’ seçilmiştir. Miss Universe güzellik yarışmasında birinci olmuştur. 2 Aralık 2015 tarihinde 77 yaşında yaşama veda etmiştir.
Akiko Kojima
Japon manken. 1959 yılında Miss Universe güzellik yarışmasında 22 yaşında birincilik tacını takmıştır.
Linda Bement
Amerikalı manken. 1960 yılında 18 yaşında ‘Miss USA’ seçilerek birinciliği elde etmiştir. Miss Universe güzellik yarışmasında birinci olmuştur. 19 Mart 2018’de 76 yaşında yaşama veda etmiştir.
Marlene Schmidt
Alman aktris, TV sunucusu ve güzellik kraliçesi olan Schmidt 1961 yılında 24 yaşında katıldığı Mıss Universe güzellik yarışmasında birinci olmuştur.
Norma Nolan
1961 yılında 24 yaşındayken Kainat Güzeli seçilen Arjantinli model.
Ieda Maria Vargas
Brezilyalı aktris, model ve eski güzellik kraliçesi. 1963 yılında ‘Miss Brezilya’ unvanını 18 yaşında kazanmıştır. Miss Universe güzellik yarışmasında birinci olmuştur.
Corrina Tsopei
1964 yılında Miss Universe güzellik yarışmasında 21 yaşında birinciliği elde etmiş başarılı bir Yunanlı aktris ve model.
Apasra Hongsakula
Apasra Hongsakula. 1965 yılında 18 yaşında Kainat Güzeli seçilmiş başarılı bir Taylandlı manken.
Margareta Arvidsson
1966 yılında Miss Universe güzellik yarışmasında 18 yaşında birinciliği elde etmiş başarılı bir İsveçli aktris ve model.
Martha Vasconcellos
Maria Vargas’ın 1963’te ilk kez kazandıktan sonra ülkesinin ikinci Miss Universe galibi olan Brezilyalı bir güzellik kraliçesidir. 20 yaşında bu unvanı almıştır.
Gloria Diaz
Filipinli oyuncudur. 1969 yılında 18 yaşında katıldığı Miss Universe güzellik yarışmasını birincilik tacını takarak kazanmıştır.
Marisol Maralet
1970 ‘Miss Universe Porto Riko’ unvanının sahibidir. 1970 yılında ABD’nin Miami kentinde yapılan Miss Universe yarışmasında 20 yaşında birinci olmuştur.
Georgina Rizk
Lübnanlı model ve eski güzellik kraliçesi. 1970 yılında ‘Miss Lübnan’ unvanını kazanmıştır. 1971 yılında 18 yaşında katıldığı Miss Universe güzellik yarışmasında birinci olmuştur.
Kerry Anne Wells
1972 yılında Miss Universe güzellik yarışmasında 20 yaşında birinciliği elde etmiş başarılı bir moda tasarımcısı.
Margarita Moran
Maria Margarita “Margie” Roxas Moran-Floirendo, Bale Filipinler Başkanı Filipinli bir barış savunucusu, ve Filipinler Kültür Merkezi Başkanı. Filipinler için ikinci Miss Universe tacını Miss Universe 1973 yılında 19 yaşındayken kazanmıştır.
Amparo Munoz
İspanyol aktris. 1973 yılında ülkesinde düzenlenen güzellik yarışmasında ‘Miss İspanya’ seçilmiştir. 1974 yılında 20 yaşında katıldığı Miss Universe yarışmasında birinci olmuştur. 2011 yılında 56 yaşında ölmüştür.
Anne Marie Pohtamo
Finlandiyalı manken. 1975 yılında Miss Universe güzellik yarışmasında 19 yaşında birinci olmuştur.
Rina Messinger
İsrailli manken ve eski güzellik kraliçesi. 1976 yılında 20 yaşındayken katıldığı Miss Universe güzellik yarışmasında birinci olmuştur.
Janelle Commissiong
Trinidadlı bir politikacı, model. 24 yaşında güzellik kraliçesi seçilmiştir.
Margaret Gardiner
Güney Afrikalı manken. 1978 yılında Meksika’da yapılan Miss Universe yarışmasında 18 yaşında birincilik tacına sahip olmuştur.
Maritza Sayalero
Venezuelalı manken ve tasarımcı. 1979 yılında ülkesinde düzenlenen ulusal güzellik yarışmasında ‘Miss Venezuela’ seçilmiştir.18 yaşında Miss Universe güzellik yarışmasında birinciliğe sahip olmuştur.
Shawn Weatherly
Amerikalı oyuncu ve manken. 1980 yılında ülkesinde düzenlenen ulusal güzellik yarışmasında 21 yaşında ‘Miss USA’ seçilmiştir.
Irene Saez
Venezuelalı politikacıdır. 1981 yılında ‘Miss Venezuela’ seçilmiştir. Aynı yıl Miss Universe güzellik yarışmasında birinci olmuştur.
Karen Baldwin
Kanadalı aktris, TV sunucusu ve güzellik kraliçesidir Miss Universe 1982 yılında birincilikle taçlandırmıştır. Ayrıca Miss Universe unvanını kazanan ilk Kanadalıdır.Is that a true smile
or just the cheese variety?
What made the smiley smile?
Like them or not, use them or not, smileys and emoticons can be useful. They can show your mood more directly than words when you are not talking face to face.
Smiley faces have been about for years. The first smileys had no eyes. They were just a big yellow disk with a smile.
You pinned the grin on your lapel, which was supposed to cheer people up as you walked along the street. It left so much to the imagination that everyone thought, yes, they were looking at a genuine smile.
Add a couple of dots and there’s the smiley we know today.
The circle is traditionally yellow so can stand for the sun. Maybe another reason why the symbol is so popular.
…But is this a genuine smile?
It’s easy enough to make one of these symbols yourself. Grab a bit of paper or a tablet. Draw a circle. …Er, well then, draw a potato or trace round a coin. Now add two dots and a smile, then widen the grin.
Surprise, surprise, the face looks even more pleased.
Now black those eyes in. Make them bigger and darker.
The pupils of our eyes dilate when we see something we like. Bigger eyes increase the sensation of gratification.
Phew! Spooky isn’t it? That smiley’s getting positively steamy.
..But wait a minute.
Take a look in the mirror and give yourself a false smile. Maybe you’ll notice you’re only moving the lower part of your face. Your eyes hardly change at all.
In contrast, think of how someone looks when they’re really delighted. Their eyes almost disappear – in fact they are so bunched up that they crease around the corners.
You can’t ‘do’ a genuine smile in the mirror. It’s unconsciously controlled. You may crease up your eyes, but you can’t fake the way your eyebrows move of their own accord.
Something to remember when you’re taking a selfie. When you are on your own, your face can go to sleep.
It’s easier to improve the smiley you just drew.
Just draw another face with a couple of upturned crescents for the eyes.
Can you go even better? You can if you break a rule. Who says all smileys have to be circles?
This time draw a wide oval, (or oval potato) and add all the features so far.
Your symbol may not look like the sun any more – but it’s over the moon!
You can draw the essence of all kinds of expressions with these few lines.
I made this face by accident and called it ‘Aw Shucks!’ because it looks so bashful.E-safety is a very important issue and at Broomwood Primary School we believe that it is important to ensure children know how to stay safe in all environments including when they are online using the internet.
In school we teach about the importance of E-safety through our computing curriculum, anti-bullying videos and E-safety days. We also provide training for parents through an online training course which is available several times a year.
Below are some links to information, advice and activities about how to stay safe and ensure children know how to stay safe online.
Although there are many benefits to social networking, it can also be dangerous, as children are not always aware who they are talking to. Social networking sites do have age restrictions. As a school we use Twitter to share information with parents and You-tube to share videos. Social networking sites have safety advice and have a report button, which should be used to report inappropriate use.
You tube https://www.youtube.com/yt/policyandsafety/en-GB/safety.html
Visit www.h2bsafetycentre.com for the videos and tips on how to change privacy settings on all Social Media apps on both Android and Apple. It is updated whenever there is a change in the way an app works and keeps up to date with new apps that are becoming more popular with children.
Password security is really important. It can ensure children can't get on to devices without your support. In addition, if your device was lost or stolen, a password would protect personal information and photos stored on your device.
You may wish to add parental control software to your devices. Here is a link, which may be useful for this:
Digital literacy is concerned with the effective use of technology to gather, use, summarise and evaluate information, enabling the user to create and communicate information. This includes understanding copyright, plagarism and data protection as well as knowing that not everything we find on the internet is true and that it must be validated. Here are some useful resources:
Links for more information
EYFS and KS1
http://www.kidsmart.org.uk/teachers/ks1/sourcesDuck/index.htm A brilliant book about sensible sharing.
http://www.kidsmart.org.uk/teachers/ks1/readsmartie.aspx Find out how Smartie the Penguin gets help.
http://www.thinkuknow.co.uk/5_7/hectorsworld/ Hector teaches us how to keep our personal information safe.
Netsmartz E-book about Webster Webster gives out his information, but does he recieve his game?
Captain Kara and Winston’s Smart Crew Captain Kara helps Year 2 children to keep safe online.
Password Rap Watch the password rap and learn how to create really good passwords.
Beaker you choose Tracey Beaker helps us to make the right choices online.
Cyber Cafe Visit the Cyber Cafe and learn how to be safe online
Alleyk@tz Video Watch a video about a band who fall foul of copy write issues.
Lee and Kim Lee and Kim help us to understand about who we might be talking to online.
Jigsaw A video for Key Stage 2 with simple lessons for staying safe online.
Zippep’s Astro Circus Work together to play games, learning about Digital Literacy on the way.
Advice for teachers and parents An American resource, which shows you how to enable smart searching.
Disney Online Safesurfing game Mickey Mouse becomes a digital citizen and finds out how to surf safely online.Views:0 Author:Site Editor Publish Time: 2021-04-09 Origin:Site
The development of takeaway fast food industry has brought more convenience to people's life, especially the disposable foodcontainers. The materialof the disposable lunch boxes mainly include polypropylene (PP) and polystyrene (PS), which are non-toxic, tasteless and colorless. So what is the difference between PP materialdisposable lunch boxes and PS materialdisposable lunch boxes?
Polypropylene (PP) material:
PP materialis relatively soft and it can withstand -20 degree low temperature to +110 degreehigh temperature, so it is especially suitable for holding hot food. It can be heated in the microwave oven. The food container made of this kind of PP materialcan not only be heated to 100 ℃, but also be put into the refrigerator for refrigeration.
Polystyrene (PS) material:
PSmaterialis hard and transparent, but it is easy to break. PSmaterialbegins to soften when it is used at +75 degree, so it is not suitable for holding hot food. However, PSmaterialis good at low temperature performance and is suitable for ice cream packaging.
Therefore, PP materialis more suitable for manufacturing disposable packaging box than PS material.188金宝搏安卓版下载
超出了几个建筑担任岛上的中心是一个crescentshaped块土地称为长湾,庇护入口水点缀着龙虾浮标和一个或两个小帆船。在三岔路口,菲普斯右拐,在一个小木签说简单,”彭伯顿点”下,用大写字母,”私人””他的心脏加快开车沿着树木繁茂的道路。他知道他不该come-Mark建议他保持低调,但他不能帮助自己。他渴望再次见到遗产是如此强烈,他愿意一百一十-或开车三个小时十五分钟。买方不会在财产,他的理由。不是这个清晨……买方。然后我坐下来,想知道,以来的第一次我曾正确预测怀孕我姐姐的,是否有某种宇宙力管理恒星和行星,甚至矮行星。也许有某种命运一直这个名字自由直到现在,完美的时间公布。也许没有任何的自由意志。这个想法是,当然,疯了,但很难不去想疯狂的想法。
他也不知道指挥一次远征的第一件事，埃里克决定了。把伤者和垂死的人留在他们身后，以及那些将担任护士，下水道细节和保留，他们排起了23个滔滔不绝的长队，用手势示意男人，在这儿散开的一条线，散落在那里，而这些都是由特别友善或有争议的团体在各个方面汇集起来的。这样的一群人对亚瑟喋喋不休，这个杂草丛生的军团的指挥官，这次远征更像是一群游荡的暴徒。即使在低矮的隧道里，墙很窄，每个人都得弯腰，从亚瑟和他的亲密伙伴那里传回了埃里克一阵持续的讨论声。“安全性，这就是为什么他们能够如此突然地粉碎我们。我们的安全措施从来都不够严密。你真的认为美国的吸毒习惯是由那些偷偷溜过机场，偷偷溜过格兰德河，腹部绑着袋子的混蛋提供的吗？再想一想。美国的可卡因和海洛因是通过装船和卡车获得的。落基山脉以西，毒品由拖拉机拖车提供，拖拉机拖车呼啸着穿过墨西哥边界。双方的海关官员都非常乐意接受卡特尔的贿赂，避免向不合作者发起枪战。正如一位墨西哥海关官员告诉我的合著者，“我经常看到这些卡车。我只是向他们挥手说，“美国就在那边。”
““不，不。猫照顾它。没什么大不了的。”我已经被称为紧急业务。””他看到失望的目光穿过年轻护士的脸。”我不想离开你,”他说,他的眼睛下降到粉红丝带她穿着病服和挥之不去的一次会议前一刻她的目光。”在秋天
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حق امضا دارند و اسناد اداری و مالی این سازمان مهم فدراسیون را امضا میکنند.
اکنون سندی از امضای اسناد اداری این سازمان منتشر شده که در این سند اسامی دو نفری که سند مذکور را امضا کردند مشخص است اما در کنار نام رئیس سازمان تیمهای ملی، نام فردی درج نشده اما به وضوح مشخص است که یک نفر بدون اسم و رسم و قطعاً بدون ابلاغ و سمت قانونی امور اداری و حتی مالی سازمان تیمهای ملی را اداره و حتی فاکتورها و اسناد مالی را امضا میکند. سوال، آیا این تخلف نیست؟
در سند فوق به وضوح چندین تخلف فدراسیون فوتبال در اداره امور سازمان تیمهای ملی مشهود است:
۱- اگر محمدرضا ساکت این سند را بدون نام امضا کرده - که قطعاً نکرده است - فدراسیون رسماً مرتکب تخلف شده است و باید پاسخگوی این اهمال و تخلف اداری و قانونیاش باشد.
۲- در صورتی که فردی - غیر از ساکت - این سند و احتمالاً اسناد اداری و مالی ماههای اخیر سازمان تیمهای ملی فدراسیون فوتبال را امضا کرده، بازهم تخلف رخ داده است، چراکه به گفته عضو هیأت رئیسه فدراسیون فوتبال هیچ فردی برای این سمت حکم نگرفته و رسماً کسی منصوب در این پست نشده است.
۳- از سوی دیگر حضور علی میرغفاری، داور فعال لیگ برتر که در لیگ هجدهم هم در چندین بازی قضاوت کرد در این سازمان و انجام امور اداری آن نیز شائبهها پیرامون سازمان تیمهای ملی را بیشتر کرده است چرا که مطابق قانون یک داور فعال در فدراسیون حق اداره امور اجرایی ارکان فدراسیون را ندارد و اگر او مسؤولیت اداری سازمان تیمهای ملی را در سایه مدیریت ساکت بر عهده دارد بازهم فدراسیون مرتکب تخلف شده است.
اکنون فدراسیون فوتبال باید روشن کند که چه کسی در هفت ماه گذشته حق امضا به عنوان رئیس سازمان تیمهای ملی را داشته و آیا برای این موضوع حکمی صادر و هیأت رئیسه با آن موافقت کرده است؟
فدراسیون فوتبال باید به روشنی تکلیف خود را با اسنادی از این دست که در سازمان تیمهای ملی امضا و در روند اداری و مالی قرار گرفتهاند روشن کند. چگونه چنین تخلف آشکاری در فدراسیون رخ داده و هیچکس نسبت به آن معترض نمیشود؟ نهادهای نظارتی در کجای فوتبال خوابشان برده که نظارتی بر این امور ندارند.
بیشک تعلل بیش از شش ماهه برای انتصاب شخص جدید در رأس هدایت سازمان تیمهای ملی نیز خود تخلفی محرز است که زمینه ساز تخلفات بعدی شده است. اگر فدراسیون فوتبال و مدیرانش به هر دلیلی به ادامه فعالیت محمدرضا ساکت در این سازمان علاقه وافر دارند، بهتر است دنبال راهکاری اداری و قانونی برای بهره بردن از مدیریت ایشان باشند تا استخدام افرادی که عملاً بدون هیچ ابلاغ قانونی صرفاً تبدیل به ماشینهای امضای افکار مدیریتی دیگران شدهاند؛ روندی که با هیچ آئین نامه، قانون و سیستم اداری و مالی سازگار نیست.در حالی که ما هنوز همه شرکتکنندگان در جام جهانی ۲۰۲۲ را نمیشناسیم ولی برنامه بازیها قطعی و تکمیل شده است. بازیهای جام جهانی از ۲۱ نوامبر تا ۱۸ دسامبر در قطر برگزار خواهد شد. مطمئناً، ما هفت ماه تا نهایی شدن فهرست تیم ها برای این رقابت ها فاصله داریم. بازیکنان می توانند آسیب […]
در حالی که ما هنوز همه شرکتکنندگان در جام جهانی ۲۰۲۲ را نمیشناسیم ولی برنامه بازیها قطعی و تکمیل شده است. بازیهای جام جهانی از ۲۱ نوامبر تا ۱۸ دسامبر در قطر برگزار خواهد شد.
مطمئناً، ما هفت ماه تا نهایی شدن فهرست تیم ها برای این رقابت ها فاصله داریم. بازیکنان می توانند آسیب ببینند، بازیکنان میتوانند ضعیف شوند یا بهتر شوند، مربی ها ممکن است مشاغل خود را ترک کنند و اتفاق های زیادی می تواند رخ دهد. با این حال ما اقدام به پیش بینی بازیهای جام جهانی قطر کردیم.
از بین تیم هایی که هنوز پلی آف برای رقابت دارند و صعودشان به جام جهانی قطعی نیست، بهترین تیم براساس رتبه بندی فیفا انتخاب شدند و به همین خاطر تیم های (پرو، ولز و کاستاریکا) تیم هایی هستند که از دید ما جواز حضور در جام جهانی را به دست آوردند.
پیشبینی بازیهای ایران در جام جهانی ۲۰۲۲
گروه B: انگلیس مقابل ایران (۲۱ نوامبر):
در حالی که سنگال سریعترین تیم است، انگلیس کندترین تیم است و توپ را با سرعت ۰.۹ متر در ثانیه به دروازه حریف حرکت می دهد. در طرف مقابل، ایران نمی تواند گلزنی کند اما گل زدن به آنها همیشه سخت بوده است. ممکن است انگلیس حتی در نیمه اول نیز نتواند به ایران گل بزند ولی در نهایت می تواند برنده بازی شود.
نتیجه: انگلیس ۲ – صفر ایران
گروه B: ولز – ایران (۲۵ نوامبر):
شاید این بازی در جام جهانی اتفاق نیفتد اما این مسابقه می تواند ۹۰ دقیقه کسل کننده باشد در حالی که توپ در وسط دایره مرکزی رد و بدل شود و دو تیم جرات حمله کردن نداشته باشند. برای به دست گرفتن ابتکار عمل نیاز است که دو تیم شروع به حملات با برنامه و جسورانه داشته باشد و بعید است این اتفاق در دیدار دو تیم رخ دهد.
نتیجه: ولز صفر – صفر ایران
گروه B: ایران مقابل آمریکا (۲۹ آبان):
ایالات متحده ممکن است در جام جهانی بازی به بازی بهتر شود و فضای بیشتر در یک سوم حمله خود داشته باشد. این دیدار برای صعود هر دو تیم می تواند مهم باشد. با این حال، پس از نیمه اول پرتنش، ایالات متحده به گل می رسد و ایران باید برای زنده ماندن به جلو حرکت کند.
نتیجه: ایران صفر – ۲ آمریکا
از نظر ساکرنت از بین تیم های آسیایی تنها کرهجنوبی موفق به صعود از گروهش میشود اما در مرحله بعد با قبول شکست برابر برزیل از جام جهانی کنار میرود.
این سایت همچنین پیش بینی کرد که تیمهای فرانسه، آلمان، انگلیس و برزیل به نیمه نهایی جام جهانی راه یابند و در نهایت دو تیم ملی فوتبال برزیل و انگلیس برگزار کننده دیدار نهایی باشند. ساکرنت در پایان برنده دیدار نهایی را هم پیشبینی کرد که آن تیم برزیل بود که با برد یک بر صفر برابر انگلیس قهرمان جام جهانی می شود.24 Facts About San Antonio To Get You To The Lone Star State
So, it’s a Happy 300th Birthday to San Antonio. Yup, the crown jewel of Texas is celebrating its tri-centennial with huge celebrations planned throughout the year, thus the opportunity for us to revel in the festivities and know a bit more about this lively town, day or night. Let’s go, y’all!
1. San Antonio was the first official city of Texas.
CREDIT: kushammadali / Instagram
Founded as a mission outpost in 1718 in honor of St. Anthony, the town was the first ever registered city in Texas when clerics performing evangelization duties wandered further north of Monterrey and located an ideal spot.
2. The Cathedral of Saint Frenando is a must-see.
CREDIT: grlott81 / Instagram
Typical of the cities founded by Spanish monks, San Antonio features a prominent cathedral, St. Fernando, with an esplanade in front of the building. Nowadays, it still keeps much of the religious structures as a reminder of the origins.
3. If you are in the area, you have to check out San Antonio Missions National Historical Park.
CREDIT: jay_green_beans / Instagram
Although named since 1691 by the first explorers, the mission didn’t commence construction until 1718 after resolving disputes among the religious and civil authorities regarding the possible incursion of French settlers coming from Louisiana into the newly colonized lands.
4. San Antonio started with just 400 families from Spanish-speaking parts of the world.
CREDIT: carloscarreon36 / Instagram
By an edict of the King of Spain, it was determined that about 400 families would settle in the new mission site. They came from Cuba, Galicia and Canary Islands, although they would take another 10 years or so before arriving to their new homes.
5. San Antonio was originally called “Tejas” or shingles.
CREDIT: bayerrebecca / Instagram
San Antonio became the largest Spanish settlement in the lands known as “Tejas”, or shingles, like the ones you put on your roof. And truly, Texas was the roof of the New Spain, or later Mexico. But these lands were so detached from the central government, that trouble ensued.
6. Once San Antonio was free of Spain’s rule, something started to change.
CREDIT: ethereal_era / Instagram
Once Mexico gained independence from Spain, it allowed the settlement of Europeans near the Texas-US border near Nacogdoches. But these people had different visions for their new dwellings and challenged the Mexican rule for Texas.
7. It wasn’t long until Texas became part of the United States.
CREDIT: alfredomoraphotography / Instagram
Not to cause any political issues, as Texas seceded from Mexico, was enjoined to the USA, San Antonio began occupying in rightful place in history. Beyond the battle of The Alamo, the city’s landmark, its population dwindled to less than a thousand. It was not looking good.
8. Juan Seguin went from San Antonio’s first mayor to a man in hiding.
CREDIT: battlefortexas / Instagram
Patriot Juan Seguin, a key player for Texas’ independence, was mayor of San Antonio until political issues threatened his life and rather decided to lay low.
9. San Antonio was a thriving city during the Civil War rivaling New Orleans in size and culture.
CREDIT: christianmargainphotography / Instagram
During the start of the Civil War, San Antonio had prospered and thrived to a busy city of 15 thousand, becoming a cattle center and with a cultural mix only rivaled by New Orleans, as described by developers and wanderers.
10. By end of the 1900s, San Antonio was becoming a major modern city.
CREDIT: deandachicago / Instagram
The final years of the 20th century was decisive in giving San Antonio a push towards modernity. Population skyrocketed to over a million, and the city turned into a mecca for conventions and trade shows with its mix of tradition and amenities.
11. San Antonio is a must-stop destination for concerts and other big events.
CREDIT: jerssonlunaphotography / Instagram
The city draws big ticket events with its year-round nice weather, business know-how and top-class venues.
12. Oh yeah. You have to go to the Riverwalk, obviously.
CREDIT: hannmariphotography / Instagram
The heart of San Antonio is the Riverwalk, a creek meandering the downtown area riddled with all sorts of cuisine, libations and a vibe that is extremely hard to find anywhere else. You do not even need to get a table somewhere, just stroll around and that’s more than enough.
13. And The Alamo is the one tourist trap everyone should get lost in.
CREDIT: rgflores75 / Instagram
A crucial part of San Antonio’s history, of course, is The Alamo. A rather somber reminder of the struggles this land had for its own way of life. But the downtown is also plethoric with historical buildings from the 1800s and beyond, giving a glimpse of simpler, maybe better, days.
14. It is one of the U.S. cities that is decidedly Latino.
CREDIT: amatajr / Instagram
Recent census found that San Antonio’s population is decidedly Hispanic, around 60 percent, with a significant African-American population and non-Hispanic Whites rounding out the tally with close to 27 percent. Of course, all ethnicities are represented in a city as vibrant as this.
15. Millions of people visiting San Antonio every year can’t be wrong.
CREDIT: caryebye / Instagram
When more than 20 million tourists visit the city annually, you know for sure something’s good going on. And of course, with major theme parks, Riverwalk, convention facilities and a thriving business scene, San Antonio is one booming city.
16. San Antonio is a major business hub for the U.S.
CREDIT: flyboystudios / Instagram
Speaking of business, at least 6 of the top companies in America according to Forbes, have their corporate HQ in San Antonio, including the likes of Valero Energy and USAA. Also, the city has been ranked as one of the top 15 for job growth in the nation. Not bad at all.
17. The military is a major part of this city’s identity.
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With several active military bases around town, San Antonio has seen a surge in the earnings it provides to the city. There’s two Air Force bases along with an Army Medical Center and Fort Sam Houston, a staple in South Texas.
18. As well as golfing.
CREDIT: marquish67 / Instagram
If golf is your thing, leave a few hours of the bustling activity in San Antonio to hit the links and fairways of close to 50 courses around town. A few are of championship caliber, but there’s also plenty of options for ball-losing hackers, like most of us are.
19. If you are looking for family fun, San Antonio has you covered.
CREDIT: infusedwithlife211 / Instagram
Sports is well covered in San Antonio since the opening of the Alamodome, right off the Interstate, a splendid structure that hosts the UTSA college football team, and has been venue for championship boxing, major soccer games and many concerts by the best of the best.
20. And if you are looking for fun with your kids, San Antonio has the right stuff.
CREDIT: andrea.boyer1 / Instagram
Amusement parks are another of the city’s tourist draws: Six Flags Fiesta Texas and Sea World share the greatest attraction of out-of-town folks seeking thrills and excitement, whether for themselves or their kids.
21. Get romantic with the love of your life in a horse-drawn carriage.
CREDIT: teknomarley / Instagram
Once the nighttime falls, it’s such a romantic setting to stroll around downtown in a horse-drawn buggy and the ones in San Antonio are decked in fancy lights and such a nostalgic set that you might just end up going for another ride.
22. Again, Riverwalk provides all the bars and food you could desire.
CREDIT: jo_shorty / Instagram
The bar hopping scene has its epicenter at the River Walk, with an eclectic assortment of, well, just about anything and everything: from Irish to Mexican and all in between. Music, libations and lots of fun are sure to allure all.
23. And the Riverwalk really shows off during Christmas.
CREDIT: trasksmith / Instagram
Oh, and if you’re ever in town during the Christmas season, River Walk cannot be missed. Already beautiful in itself, the creek is adorned with festive lighting and caroling all throughout the walkways. It’s a one in a lifetime experience.
24. And, of course, the food just can’t be beat.
CREDIT: ptnetherton / Instagram
And San Antonio’s restaurants are simply superb! From fusion to BBQ, there’s something for y’all. Get your boots and Stetson ready and join us down in South Texas for a charming get together that’ll forever live in your memory. See ya’ soon!چرا پاسی ها ناراحت هستند؟
به گزارش وبلاگ ماکارون، خبرنگاران/همدان سرپرست اداره ورزش و جوانان شهرستان بهار، گفت: من با تیم پاس مسئله ای ندارم فقط می گویم منابع اقتصادی ورزش استان باید متوازن هزینه گردد. چرا باید پاسی ها از این حرف ناراحت شوند؟
علیرضا صفی زاده در گفت وگو با وبلاگ ماکارون، پیرامون حواشی ایجاد شده پس از حضور وی در یک برنامه تلویزیونی، اظهار کرد: چرا پاسی ها ناراحت هستند؟ مگر من گفتم پاس تیم بدی است؟ ما با تیم پاس مسئله ای نداریم، فقط می گوییم در تزریق منابع اقتصادی به ورزش استان باید توازن برقرار گردد.
وی با بیان اینکه بودجه شهرستان ها بسیار پایین است و کل شهرستان ها در این هفت ماه دریافتی خوبی نداشتند، اعلام نمود: من فقط گفتم بودجه ما آنقدر پایین است که به اندازه مدیر تدارکات یک تیم فوتبال نیست در غیر این صورت قصد توهین به مدیر تدارکات پاس را نداشته ام.
سرپرست اداره ورزش و جوانان شهرستان بهار تأکید کرد: اگر قرار است ورزش استان پیشرفت کند باید به همه رشته ها و ورزش ها نگاه متوازن داشته باشیم که امید است با حضور مدیرکل جدید ورزش و جوانان استان و حمایت استاندار ورزش دوست استان این مهم صورت بگیرد.
صفی زاده تأکید کرد: شهرستان ها سرشار از استعداد هستند و جوانان و نوجوانانی در شهرستان ها حضور دارند که می توانند در آینده شاکله تیم های ملی را تشکیل دهند، حیف است استعدادی به علت نبود امکانات از بین برود.
وی با بیان اینکه خوشبختانه بیشتر هیئت های ورزشی شهرستان بهار فعال هستند، گفت: شهرستان بهار یکی از قطب های ورزش استان محسوب می گردد که از گذشته نیز ورزشکاران زیادی به ورزش کشور معرفی نموده است.
سرپرست اداره ورزش و جوانان شهرستان بهار عنوان نمود: در حال حاضر چهار ملی پوش در رشته جودو، یک تیم تکواندو در لیگ برتر بانوان، یک تیم در لیگ یک بسکتبال کشور، چند بازیکن و داور در لیگ های فوتبال کشور و چندین ملی پوش والیبال و چندین کشتی گیر مطرح لالجینی در شهرستان بهار حضور دارند.منبع: خبرگزاری ایسنا一、需求法
需求管理是鉴于同样的的或相仿性的以新的方法市的价钱,各式各样的评价技术和方法的总称
需求法是以取代胜过基音为根底的,采取比拟和类比的思绪及其方法断定资产花费的评估技术规程.鉴于稍微本人合格的的出资者在购置物某项资产时,他所情愿支付的的价钱不见得高于需求上具有同样的的敷用的取代胜过品的现行市场价值.运用需求法销路最大限度地利用类似的资产成交价钱人,并以此为根底断定和估测被评估资产的花费.运用已被需求结帐了的结语来评估被估抱反感,显然，在资产事情中各当事人都轻易接纳。,需求方法是最连续的的资产评估
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ِ عبور ِگاو از این سوی ِ آسمان، بدان سوی ِدیگر ، کاه ها ذرّه ذرّه بر زمین ِ آسمان ریختند و این اشیاء شگفت و زیبا که در آسمان می بینید، اثر ِ همان کاه ها و حاصل ِ همان "کاه کشان" آن روزگار است که امروز بدان "کهکشان" می گویند!؟..... یک بار هم همان چوپان یا چوپان ِدیگر، باز دوباره همان ماده گاو را دید که این بار تازه زائیده بود و شیر از پستانش [به قول کارشناسان ِبهداشتی و پزشکی ِ حکومت اسلامی: از عضو ِشیردهی اش!؟!] فوّران داشت و موقع ِ عبور از این سوی ِآسمان بدان سو، ذرّات ِ شیر بر زمین می ریخت و این مرتبه به جای یک راه از جنس ِکاه ، یک راه از جنس ِ شیر، در آسمان پدید میاورد و این "راه شیری" ، همان کهکشان ِ خود ماست......»
البته این "مشت احمد" ِقصّۀ ما، جدای ِ از این اطلاعات ِ بِکر، مثلا ً در زمینۀ نجوم و هیئت (البته به سیاق ِچوپانی خویش)، مرد ِ بسیار خانواده دوستی هم بود و حتّی موقع ِ حرف زدن با من، توجّه خاصّی به دختر و پسرها و بویژه همسر ِخویش داشت و گهگاه با آنها شوخی هائی لطیف و بامزّه ای می کرد!... شوخی هائی که علیرغم اعتقادات ِپاک و ساده و بی آلایش ِمذهبی ِ او و همسرش، گهگاه تا حدودی هم بی پرده بود!؟...
روابط "مشت احمد" با همسر ِایلیاتی و عشایری اش، به حدی صمیمانه بود که یک بار یکی از اقوام ِ متأهل و متموّل ِ ما ( که پولش از پارو بالا می رفت ولی روابط زناشوئی ِخوبی با همسرش نداشت) می گفت : «...یک بار که مهمان ِ مشت احمد بودم و دیدم که او و همسر و بچه هایش با یک دنیا دلخوشی و شوخی و خنده ، شام ِ بسیار ساده و فقیرانه شان را خوردند و ... و چون یک چادر بعنوان منزل یا اطاق بیشتر نداشتند، موقع خواب علیرغم ِ حضور ِبچه ها و داشتن ِمهمان ، نرم نرمک، صمیمانه در گوشۀ دنجی از چادر، در آغوش هم خزیدند و تا پاسی از شب صدای ِشوخی و خنده شان به گوش می رسید!؟،.... حاضر بودم تمام ِ ثروتم را بدهم و من هم یک شب را با همسر ِخودم، اینطور رویائی و دل انگیز به صبح برسانم!!... تازه فهمیدم که چرا "مشت احمد" دائم با اشاره به همان گوشۀ دنج ِ چادر، تکرار می کند که : "خوشتر از این گوشه پادشاه ندارد!؟..."........»
اما یکی از شوخی هائی که در آن شب تابستانی ِ دلپذیر، "مشت احمد" با عنایت به وضع ِآسمان و بحث ِچوپانی-نجومی اش با همسرش کرد، چنین مضمونی داشت : «...امشب چون "قمر در عقربه" برنامه شبانه ما هم تعطیل است!؟!....»
من که این کلام را از "مشت احمد" شنیدم ، چون هرگز متوجه مفهوم ِ پورنوگرافیک و سکچوال ِ مُستتر در آن نشدم و تصوّر کردم که بحث مثل حرفهای قبلی یک بحث ِ کاملا ً نجومی است (بخصوص که "احمد" ، حرفش را ضمن ِ اشاره به آسمان زده بود) ، به خودم اجازۀ فضولی دادم و با لحن ِ تا حدودی ابلهانه پرسیدم : « چرا اوضاعتون قمر در عقربه؟!... مگه خدای نکرده اتفاقی افتاده؟؟...»
"مشت احمد" در حالیکه لبخند ِ رندانه ای بر لب داشت و چهره اش زیر نور ِمهتاب می درخشید، جواب داد:
«قال رسول الله(ص)....پیغمبر اسلام فرمود : در چهل وضع از اوضاع ِ آسمان با همسرتان نزدیک نشوید که از این چهل وضع یکیش و اولیش همین است که "قمر" ، یعنی قرص یا هلال ِ ماه، مثل ِامشب در بُرج ِ "عقرب" قرار گرفته باشد!؟....یعنی درست آنجا...»(با انگشتش نقطه ای را در آسمان نشان داد)
سپس "مشت احمد" بحث ِ مبسوطی ، در این مورد آغاز کرد که مضمون آن بحث، نه فقط با مسائل ِ نجوم ِ چوپانی ، بلکه با مسائل ِمذهبی و ادبی و تاریخی هم مرتبط بود!؟.... مثلا از دلبستگی و اعتیاد ِ بسیار شدید اعراب به تکرار مکرر مسائل زناشوئی حرف زد و اینکه چقدر اجرای این توصیۀ پیامبر گرامی اسلام(ص) ، و خودداری از زناشوئی در شبهای استقرار قمر در برج عقرب، برای ِعربها دشوار بوده است و چگونه همین دشواری نزد اعراب به صورت ِضرب المثل درآمده و سرانجام به کلام ِ فارسی زبانان هم راه پیدا کرده والبته باتوجه به نجابت ِذاتی ِایرانی ها باز به صورت ِضرب المثل، امّا ضرب المثلی دور از مفهوم ِ جنسی ِ آن درآمده و به طور کلی، در مورد هر شرایط نامناسب و نامساعدی، به کار گرفته شده است.طوریکه ایرانی ها، به طور اعم از هر وضعیت ِناجور و غیرمطلوبی، با عنوان ِ "اوضاع ِ قمر در عقرب" یاد می کنند و.....
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همولایتی ما زنده یاد"ایرج بسطامی" که در یادداشت ِ قبلی این وبلاگ، به اقتضای ِیادبود ِشادروان "پرویز مشکاتیان" از او یاد کردیم، آلبومی دارد به نام ِ "بوی نوروز" که در آن یکی از ترانه های قدیمی ِ "علی اکبر شیدا" را اجرا کرده است. ترانه ای که در عصر پهلوی دوّم نیز، توسط خانم "پوران" (پوران شاپوری که طی یک ماجرای دراماتیک فریب ِ سپهبد"تیمور بختیار" ، بنیانگزار و اولین رئیس ِساواک را خورد و ضمن رها کردن ِ فرزندان وشوهر ِهنرمند و آهنگسازش، به اتفاق بختیار از ایران گریخت و....) اجرا شده است و اینگونه آغاز می شود :
عقزب ِ زلف ِ کجت با قمر قرینه
تا قمر در عقربه، کار ما چنینه
کیه کیه در می زنه؟ من دلم می لرزه
درو با لِنگر می زنه؟ من دلم می لرزه
ای پری بیا درکنار ِما جان ِ خسته را مرنجان
از کفم نرو خصم جان مشو تا فدای تو کنم جان......
شنیدن ِ این ترانه ی بسیار زیبای قدیمی، به خصوص با صدای ِ"ایرج" عزیز(که در سالهای قبل از مرگ ِجانسوزش، دو سه بار سعادت ِ زیارتش را، از نزدیک داشتم) ، همیشه مرا به یاد ِ حرفهای "مشتی احمد چوپان" و اوضاع ِ" قمر در عقرب" در نگاه و جهان بینی ِ او می اندازد و با یادآوری همین نگاه ِ لطیف و شاعرانۀ شبان ِ پیر ِکوهستانهای کرمان، این قبیل مفاهیم که شعر و ادب و هنر و موسیقی ایرانی را ، در ذهنم به آسمان ِ بی انتها و به ستارگان ِ بی شمار و به کهکشانهای ِعظیم الجثّه و باشکوه پیوند می دهد، برایم بسیار دل انگیز و رویائی و آرامش بخش می شود.
با همین دید، مفاهیمی نجومی و درعین حال شاعرانه ، مثل ِ "سَلخ" (آخرین وضعیت ِماه در پایان ِمنطقة البروج قمری یا روز آخر هرماه قمری) و "غَرّه"( وضع ماه در نخستین روز ِهر بُرج) ، در نظر من، زیبائی مضاعفی دارند و مثلا ً این رُباعی ِ حکیم"عُمَر خیّام" را ، یکی از زیباترین و بهترین رباعیات ِ او می دانم :
چون عُمر به سر رسد چه بغداد و چه بلخ
پیمانه چو پُر شود چه شیرین و چه تلخ
خوش باش که بعد از من و تو، ماه بسی
از "سلخ" به "غرّه" آید از "غرّه" به "سلخ"
و چنین است بیت ِدلپذیر ِ استاد ِسخن، که در آن کامنت به کار برده بودم و موجب یادآوری ِهمۀ این بحث ها و خاطرات گردید :
معشوقه به نام ِ من و کام ِ دگران است
چون "غرّۀ" شَوّال که عید ِرمضان است
امّا از آنجاکه شاید محتوای ِاین یادداشت ، به خاطر ِپرداختن به مشاهدات و خاطراتِ شخصی من، چندان غنی نباشد، بعنوان ِ حُسن ختام، شعری از استاد ِتازه از دست رفته مان، زنده یاد "همایون صنعتی زادۀ کرمانی" را، زینت بخش ِ این یادداشت می کنم که هم با یادبودهای ِ قبلی این وبلاگ از ایشان، مرتبط است ، هم با آغاز ِفصل ِزیبای ِپائیز(فصل ِعشّاق) مناسبت ِکامل دارد و هم از همه مهمتر، حاوی ِیکی از یادمانده ها و آموخته های مرحوم "صنعتی زاده" از شبانان ِستاره شناس ِکوهستانهای ِ"بافت" ِکرمان است، که من هم، در همین یادداشت برخی از آموخته هایم از یکی از این مردان ِصاحبدل را، به اتفاق ِ شما عزیزانم، مرور کردم.
این شعر ِزیبا نیز، در مجموعۀ شعر ِنایاب ِ"قالی عُمر" ، ذیل ِ عنوان ِ "پائیز ِسرد ِلاله زار"، به چاپ رسیده است و مرحوم صنعتی زادۀ کرمانی دو توضیح ذیل را ، در حواشی ِآن افزوده اند:
1- لاله زار : نام ِ روستا و دهستانی است کوهستانی و خوش آب و هوا، در بیست فرسنگی ِ جنوب ِکرمان ، سَر ِ راه ِ بافت که نزدیک به سه هزار متر از دریا بلندی دارد.
[توضیح اینکه این روستا، همان روستائیست که زنده یاد"همایون صنعتی زادۀ کرمانی" ، بخش ِعمده ای از سالهای ِپایانی ِ عمرش را در آن سپری نمود و مؤسسات ِ مهّم و پُرآوازه ای چون "گلاب زهرا" را، در آن بنیان نهاد و عاقبت در همین روستا سر بر سر ِخاک نهاد.]
2- پاروز : نزد ِشبانان ِستاره شناس ِ بومی ِ کوهستان ِ لاله زار ِکرمان، به معنی ِ خاور و مطلع ِ برآمدن ِ ستاره ای ، پیش از طلوع ِ آفتاب است که به گمان ِ این شبانان ، ستاره ای نحس می باشد و هر ماه سه بار یا هر ده روز یک بار، از اُفُق ِ خاور سر بر می آورد و در پایان ِ روز ِدهم ، در چاه ِ باختر افتاده ، بامداد ِ روز ِ یازدهم و بیست و یکم ، از نو نمایان می شود. از این رو، عوام ِشبانان، سفرکردن [و بردن و چراندن ِگلّۀ خویش] به سوی ِمحلّ برآمدن ِ آن ستاره را بدشگون دانسته و بدان سمت نمی روند.
امّا متن ِ شعر ِ "پائیز ِسرد ِلاله زار":
سایۀ سرما ، دوان ، به جانب ِ پاروز
کوه پُراز برف و، دشت پُر از سوز
ابر، دُژم روی و خسته و غمگین
تار و سیه کرده روی و بَرِ روز
ولوله افکنده در گلۀ میش
زوزۀ گُرگ ِدرندۀ کین توز
زاغ، به باغ ِ فسرده، صاحب و ارباب
خانه نموده به سر و خم شده و قوز
جوی، چو ماری سفید، مُرده و بی جان
یخ زده از سوز ِسرد ِ نفسدوز
پیکر ِعُریان ِدشت، مَدفن ِ گُلها
دامن ِپُرچین ِ کوه، در قُرُق ِ یوز
قاقِم و راسو، به تنگ ِلانه خزیده
جای به ویرانه کرده، جُغد ِبداندوز
کبک سرش را به زیر ِبرف نموده
تا که نبیند چه کرده سوز، در این روز
در پائیز ِسرد ِپیش ِ رو و زمستان ِ پس از آن (زمستانی که شاید در آن بازهم ، سلامتان را نمی خواهند پاسخ گفت، سرها در گریبان است...!؟) ، دلهای ِهمه تان گرم و آفتابی باد. فعلا ً یاحقّ.
موقعی که داشت در کشور ما انقلاب می شد(سال57)، من یک کودک ِهفت ساله بودم.پدرم مثل ِاکثریت ِمردم ِآن زمان، جزو انقلابیون بود و گاهی دست مرا هم می گرفت و با خودش به راهپیمائی ها یا تحصّن ها علیه رژیم شاه می برد. در آن روزها، حتّی قلب ِمن، که یک بچّه کوچک بودم، نسبت به شاه و رژیم ِپهلوی،غرق ِکینه بود و اوضاع به شکلی درآمده بود که هرکس، هر راست و دروغی که راجع به جنایت ها و دزدی ها و غارتگریهای شاه و دوروبری هایش می گفت، همۀ ما، فوری باور می کردیم!...
حدود یک ماه به واقعۀ تلخ و جنجالی ِ به آتش کشیده شدن ِ"مسجد جامع ِ کرمان" [که البته گفتند :« شاه ، آن را به آتش کشید!» ، والبته ما هم باور کردیم!؟] ، باقی مانده بود و چون این واقعه در اواخر مهرماه57 رخ داده است، می توانم با اطمینان بگویم ، درست سی و یک سال ِقبل، و در شهریورماه همان سال بود.
شهرهای ایران، و از جمله شهر ِما، کرمان، شلوغ و به هم ریز بودند و هر روز در گوشه ای، یک اتفاق ِتازه می افتاد... در همان روزها، "سینما رِکس آبادان" هم، آتش گرفته بود و در کرمان هم این خبر دهان به دهان، نقل میشد و می گفتند :«نزدیک چهارصد نفر از هموطنان آبادانی ما، موقع تماشای ِفیلم معروف "گَوَزنها" [فیلم "مسعود کیمیائی" با شرکت "بهروز وثوقی"، که من هم اندکی قبل از همین روزها ،آن فیلم را به اتفاق عمویم ، که دانشجوی مهندسی علم و صنعت بود و از تهران آمده بود، در سینما "پارامونت" کرمان (شهر تماشای امروزی) دیده بودم] زنده زنده، در آتش سوخته اند!...» ، و البته این فاجعۀ هولناک ملّی هم، به شاه ِ سفّاک و جنایتکار، نسبت داده می شد و ما هم، البته باز باور می کردیم!؟...
خوب یادم هست که در آن روزهای شهریور57 و طی ّ روزها و ماههای بعد تا پیروزی انقلاب ،چه همزادپنداری ِعجیبی با هموطنان ِ داغدیده و رنج کشیده مان در سرتاسر ِ ایران داشتیم و حقیقتا ً غم و ناراحتی آنها را، غم و ناراحتی خودمان می پنداشتیم و چون اطمینان داشتیم که همۀ این آتشها از گور ِشاه ِخائن، برمی خیزد، در راهپیمائیها و تحصن های نقاط مختلف کرمان،با تمام ِ وجود و از ته ِقلب و با مُشتهای گره کرده فریاد میزدیم : «کتاب ِقرآن را، رکس ِ آبادان را، مسجد ِکرمان را،.....شاه به آتش کشید، شاه به آتش کشید، شاه به آتش کشید[!؟!]....»
امّا در یکی از همان روزهای شهریور57 بود، که ما(من و پدرم و چند نفر از دوستها و همکارانش که همگی در حال اعتصاب بودند) جلوی درب ِمسجد جامع کرمان، حوالی مشتاقیه ایستاده بودیم...جزئیات این واقعه ای که می گویم،خیلی واضح و روشن در ذهنم مانده است، چراکه چنین روزی در زندگی ِمن، نادر بود و چون در آن روزها ، خبرِ آتش گشودن ِمزدوران ِشاه، به روی مردم کرمان و تیر خوردن چهار نفر از همشهریهایمان نقل میشد، مادرم خیلی اوقات به پدر اجازۀ بیرون بردن ِمرا نمی داد و این که من در آن روز در جمع انقلابیون ِدوآتشه بودم، یک استثناء محسوب میشد:
پسر ِ جوانی، که موهای ِ بلند ِمدل ِ هیپی[یا به قول آن روزگار :مدل ِ"بیتِلی"(بیتل
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about 7%, much less than the lowering achieved with statin medication. While it is true that the very severe diets, like a vegan diet or the Pritikin diet, can achieve a better lowering of the LDL-C, these diets are so severe that very few Americans can tolerate and maintain them. A low-fat, low-carbohydrate diet can lower the triglyceride level, but there is no evidence that lowering triglycerides might reduce myocardial infarction risk.
Niacin is one of the B vitamins that also affects cholesterol. At lower doses (usually 1,500 mg daily or less), niacin elevates the HDL-C, which is often too low in individuals with cholesterol problems. At higher doses, of about 2,000 to 3,500 mg, niacin will also lower the LDL-C. However, those doses are very difficult for most patients to tolerate, and thus are rarely used today.
Recently, niacin has become popular as a single drug treatment for cholesterol problems, but it’s mainly used as a second drug, usually in combination with a statin drug, to raise the HDL in patients who have the combination of elevated LDL and reduced HDL. This use of a combination of two different cholesterol agents is driven by the logical assumption that more treatment of cholesterol abnormalities is better than treatment with just a statin agent alone. However, medicine is not a logical exercise but rather a scientific one, and the recent scientific research into the use of this combination did not show any benefit. The study was run by the National Institutes of Health, and it compared treatment with both a statin (simvastatin in this case) and niacin added in versus simvastatin with only a placebo (dummy pill) added in. This study, called Atherothrombosis Intervention in Metabolic Syndrome with Low HDL/High Triglyceride and Impact on Global Health Outcomes (AIM-HIGH), was stopped early in May of 2011 because there was no benefit to adding the niacin to the simvastatin. In fact, there was a small and unclear increase in stroke in patients receiving the combination of niacin and simvastatin. Therefore, I will not institute niacin/ statin combination in any patients and will look at whether I should stop it in the few patients that I have on the combination.
Ezetimibe (Zetia®; Merck, Whitehouse Station, NJ) is a relatively new agent that blocks cholesterol absorption in the intestine, and it thus lowers the bad cholesterol (i.e, LDL-C) by about 18%. It has been used as a secondary treatment on top of statin therapy, either as a Zetia® dose along with the statin, or as Vytorin® (Merck, Whitehouse Station, NJ and Schering-Plough, Kenilworth, NJ), a single pill that combines ezetimibe with simvastatin. With a major marketing effort for Vytorin®, this combination pill was quite popular for several years. However, several preliminary studies have raised questions as to whether Zetia® offers any benefit in preventing the process of hardening of the arteries. Whether the addition of Zetia® to a statin will mean additional protection against myocardial infarction is being studied now and will be answered in a few years. Until that study is reported, I think that Zetia® should be reserved for use only as a secondary agent in addition to maximal statin therapy, such as Crestor® 40 mg, recognizing that it may not further reduce the risk of myocardial infarction beyond the protection of the statin.
Fibric Acid Agents
Several fibric acid agents are currently available on the U.S. market. They include an older agent, gemfibrozil (Lopid®), and a newer agent, fenofibric acid (Trilipix®; Abbott, Chicago, IL). These agents cause a modest, if any, lowering of LDL-C, but they do lower triglycerides and raise HDL-C. When these agents are used as the sole therapy of elevated cholesterol, they have had limited and inconsistent success in reducing myocardial infarction and other events like fatal myocardial infarction or the overall death rate. They have enjoyed some popularity as a second agent added on to statin therapy, with the aim of lowering triglycerides and raising HDL-C. However, this type of combination therapy is fraught with problems. First, gemfibrozil should never be taken with a statin drug, since gemfibrozil can interfere with the breakdown of the statin and lead to very serious, even fatal, side effects. Secondly, there is no evidence that lowering elevated triglycerides can actually reduce myocardial infarction, so the idea behind combination therapy may be completely in error. Indeed, a number of the statin studies show that elevated triglycerides do not lead to an increase myocardial infarction risk if the patient is already taking a statin, so the whole theory behind combining additional agents with a statin is probably wrong. Finally, there has been a recent study that looked at diabetic patients with elevated triglycerides and reduced HDL. One group was given simvastatin and a placebo, and the other group was given the combination of simvastatin and fenofibric acid. There was no benefit seen in the combination group, showing that adding the fenofibric acid to simvastatin did not reduce myocardial infarction or other heart problems. Therefore, at this point, there is no clear evidence that using a second cholesterol agent along with a statin offers any benefit above that offered by the statin agent alone.
The more intriguing questions focus on two issues: What dose of statin agent is safe and appropriate, and what should be the target value to which we want to lower the LDL-C (i.e., the bad cholesterol)? There has been a recent recommendation from the FDA warning that the 80 mg dose of simvastatin (Zocor®) is dangerous, leading to a dangerous risk of muscle problems at a much higher rate than the 40 mg or lower doses. I have always believed that the 80 mg dose of any of the statins was too high a dose, with an increased risk of muscle problems, and this recommendation only confirms my caution.
The second issue comes from the Justification for the Use of Statins in Prevention: an Intervention Trial Evaluating Rosuvastatin (JUPITER) study. In this study, patients with modestly elevated LDL-C cholesterol had the LDL lowered into the range of 50 mg, down to where it was when they were children or teenagers. This study showed a dramatic reduction in all of the myocardial infarction, stroke, and death rates studied. The JUPITER study raises the question as to whether the treatment targets for cholesterol should be lower than we have them now, in the < 100 mg range. This is an intriguing question that will be debated for some time.
Elevated cholesterol is one of the leading factors for the development of heart disease and death from heart disease. Fortunately, we can clearly reduce cholesterol, and with it the increased risk of myocardial infarction, by use of the statin agents, as the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, are known. These agents are extremely safe and generally have very low levels of side effects. There is no evidence that adding a second agent to a statin further lowers myocardial infarction risk better than just taking the statin alone. With such powerful evidence that we now have about the benefits of lowering cholesterol with the statin agents, I urge all of our readers to check with their physicians about having their cholesterol measured and possibly treated.
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Robert Guthrie M.D., will be the author of a regular column in Colliers. Dr Guthrie is both a family physician and a general internist, and he currently is a professor at The Ohio State University in Columbus, OH. At Ohio State, he conducts research projects to develop new medications for the treatment of common disorders like high blood pressure and diabetes. He has published one book, numerous medical articles, has lectured extensively nationally and internationally, and been a long-term participant on local and national radio broadcasts. This column will discuss a wide variety of health topics of interest to the general public.Sital Impianti raddoppia in Aeroporti di Roma; general contractor nella realizzazione di impianti civili e industriali ha ricevuto tale incarico a Luglio 2019, aggiudicandosi una nuova commessa in Aeroporti di Roma, presso l’aeroporto Leonardo da Vinci di Fiumicino, avente per oggetto la realizzazione dell’impianto idrico antincendio del Terminal 3.
Sital Impainti raddoppia in ADR
- Dettagli
-Sabancı Holding, Philsa Philip Morris Sabancı Sigara ve Tütüncülük Sanayi ve Ticaret AŞ (PHILSA) ve Philip Morris SA, Philip Morris Sabancı Pazarlama ve Satış AŞ'de (PMSA) sahip olduğu hisselerin tamamını devredecek.
Holdingden yapılan açıklamaya göre, Philip Morris International (PMI), bu şirketlerin yüzde 75'ini, 1990'lı yılların başındaki kuruluşlarından bu yana iştirakleri aracılığıyla elinde bulunduruyor.
PMI, REKABET KURULU'NA BAŞVURDU
PMI, Sabancı Holding'in PHILSA ve PMSA'daki hisselerinin tamamını (yüzde 25) alma planıyla bugün Rekabet Kurumuna başvuruda bulundu.
DEVİR 2021 SONUNDA GERÇEKLEŞECEK
Planlanan 2 milyar 887 milyon TL tutarındaki hisse devir bedeli kapanış tarihinde ve 2021 mali yılının sona ermesini takiben önceden belirlenmiş bir takım düzeltmelere tabi tutulacak. Gerekli koşulların sağlanması ve ilgili onay ve izinlerin alınması koşuluyla Sabancı Holding ve PMI'ın iştiraki arasında bağlayıcı pay alım-satım sözleşmesinin imzalanması ve pay devirlerinin 2021 yılının son çeyreğinde tamamlanması hedefleniyor.
Hem aradığınız haberlere hızlıca ulaşabilmek hem de Haber3.com'a destek olmak için Google News'te Haber3.com'a abone olun.
Haber3'e Google News'te abone olunAbone OlToothpaste could become an artifact on museum shelves if a Saskatoon team's work on a solar-powered toothbrush is successful.
University of Saskatchewan dentistry professor emeritus Dr. Kunio Komiyama and his colleague, Dr. Gerry Uswak, are recruiting 120 teens willing to brush with the metallic invention and sit in a dentist's chair for a few extra inspections.
The manufacturer, the Shiken company of Japan, is paying the researchers to investigate whether the brush, which causes a chemical reaction in the mouth, does a better job of eliminating plaque and bacteria compared to a conventional toothbrush.
"I think it's going to be very effective," says Komiyama, who has been cleansing his pearly whites with versions of the solar-powered brush for 15 years.
His work on the semiconductor brush has been going on since 1992, when his team published results on an earlier model in the Journal of Clinical Periodontology.
The first brush they designed contained a titanium dioxide rod in the neck of the brush, just below the nylon bristles. When light shines on the wet rod, electrons are released into the mouth.
Those electrons react with acid in the mouth, which helps break down the plaque that builds up on teeth.
No toothpaste is required, but you can use it if you like, Komiyama says.
Now, Komiyama is back with a newer model, called the Soladey-J3X, which he says packs twice the chemical punch compared to the original.
Protruding from the base of the brush is a solar panel, which transmits electrons to the top of the tooth brush through a lead wire.
"We are confident that this toothbrush is much more powerful than the previous toothbrush," he said.
It won't work in the dark, though -- the brush needs about as much light as a solar-powered calculator would to operate.
In the lab, Komiyama tested the newer brush on cultures of two bacteria that are major culprits in periodontal disease.
"You see complete destruction of bacterial cells," he said, pointing to magnified images of cells on a poster outside his office.
At the FDI Annual World Dental Conference in Dubai last month, the team's poster describing the lab research won first prize out of 170 entries, which gives Komiyama confidence there is scientific merit to the brush.
"Sometimes, things that work in the lab don't work in the real world," Uswak cautions.
In the trial, which Komiyama hopes will be done in six months, two groups of teens will brush for four weeks with the solar-powered brush, four weeks with their regular toothbrush and four weeks with a placebo brush -- just not in the same order.
The subjects will visit the dental clinic four times in between different brushes, where dentists will measure the accumulation of plaque, and the degree of bleeding and inflammation on and around six pre-selected teeth.
If done properly, there's "nothing wrong" with conventional teeth-brushing, Komiyama says.
However, manual action is needed to physically break down plaque, whereas the Soladey works mechanically and chemically.
Although scientific results were promising, the first brush failed to become a market darling in 1992 because it cost between $20 and $30 for the metal handle, and about another $5 for each replaceable head.
Komiyama said he doesn't understand why people are willing to shell out $30 for a good meal, but not for a tool that could improve dental health.
But times have changed -- people spend up to $100 on electric toothbrushes and are growing ever conscious of waste they produce and its impact on the Earth.
If the improved brush is a success, Komiyama isn't sure if he'll personally benefit. Discussions with the Shiken company didn't include any mention of royalties, he said.
Suppliers are already selling the old and new Soladey models in Europe, Japan and the U.S.Dipende da alcuni fattori, come l’età, il sesso, la temperatura, la sudorazione, l’attività fisica, e molti altri ancora. Tuttavia abbiamo un’efficace spia che ci può dare delle indicazioni, la nostra urina ! Ebbene sì, la nostra urina potrebbe essere il miglior indicatore per valutare se beviamo a sufficienza. Il colore ideale è il giallo paglierino; se invece è color giallo scuro è il segno che dovete bere di più. Più è scura, più occorre bere acqua !
L’acqua è senz’altro la fonte di liquidi per eccellenza, ma anche caffè, frutta, verdure, minestre, latte, succhi e bevande gassate idratano ugualmente. L’alcol tuttavia causa disidratazione, perciò cercate di alternare alcol e acqua quando ne assumete.
Molte persone non si rendono conto che alcuni sintomi sono il risultato di una lieve disidratazione. Questi sintomi includono : sete, labbra screpolate, bocca secca, stanchezza, emicranie ed irritabilità. In condizioni più estreme possono presentarsi sintomi più seri : respiro affannoso, confusione e perdita di conoscenza.
Bere dell’acqua deve diventare un’abitudine, ma fino ad allora ecco 4 metodi per aumentare la quantità d’acqua che assumete :
Spero che adesso comprendiate l’importanza di restare idratati e abbiate capito quanto è facile aumentare il consumo di liquidi.Il signor Henri H. è stato ricoverato nel reparto di terapia intensiva con una malattia acuta, dove è stato necessario metterlo in coma artificiale e praticargli la respirazione artificiale. Ricorda incubi e uno stato di confusione che lo ha tormentato per molto tempo. Il soggiorno in terapia intensiva è stato lungo e difficile. Tuttavia, quando fu in grado di disegnare di nuovo, un grande passo verso il recupero era stato fatto. Due mesi di trattamento medico intensivo sono stati seguiti da sei mesi di riabilitazione, che hanno permesso al paziente di riprendere la sua vita quotidiana.凯发la选来就送38-前红军高层：亨德森在比赛中踢飞任意球，后来加练300次
虎扑4月23日讯 前利物浦转会主管达米安-科莫利接受《泰晤士报》采访时，谈及了利物浦决定引进亨德森的原因。
亨德森在2011年夏天从桑德兰加盟利物浦，已成为球队不可或缺的一员。但在他成名之前，亨德森的少年阶段经历了几次挫折。其中一次是在与对手纽卡斯尔的比赛中，纽卡斯尔球迷嘲笑他的失误。
科莫利透露了当时亨德森是如何克服困境，他回忆起与桑德兰主席尼尔-奎恩的谈话。科莫利说:“当时我与桑德兰主席尼尔-奎因进行了艰难的谈判。”
“我们当时的预算在1500万英镑左右，而利物浦老板芬威体育集团告诉我这就是限额。”
“那个晚上，我和尼尔正在电话里交谈，他告诉我当桑德兰对阵纽卡斯尔的时候，亨德森主罚任意球，球直接飞上看台。”
“所有的纽卡斯尔球迷都在嘲笑他。第二周，亨德森在训练中踢了300个任意球，球队不得不阻止他，因为他这个踢法很快会受伤的。”
“当时我和肯尼（时任利物浦主帅达格利什）最看重的，就是他的努力程度和对不断提升的渴望。”
“这是顶级球员的必备品质。”
(编辑：姚凡)|This article needs additional citations for verification. (January 2008)|
In the recent Druidic tradition, Alban Arthan is a seasonal festival at the Winter solstice. The name derives from the writings of Iolo Morganwg, the 19th-century radical poet and forger. Alban Arthan translates to The Quarter of the Little Bear. An alternative respelling is Alban Arthuan, and this is often wrongly thought to translate to Light of Arthur.
On the solstice, it has recently been speculated (with very little evidence) that druids would gather by the oldest mistletoe-clad oak. The Chief Druid would make his way to the mistletoe to be cut whilst below, other Druids would hold open a sheet to catch it, making sure none of it touched the ground. With his golden sickle, and in one chop, the Chief Druid would remove the mistletoe to be caught below. The early Christian church banned the use of mistletoe because of its association with Druids.
The holiday is observed in a manner that commemorates the death of the Holly King identified with the wren bird (symbolizing the old year and the shortened sun) at the hands of his son and successor, the robin redbreast Oak King (the new year and the new sun that begins to grow). The Battle of the Holly King and Oak King is re-enacted at rituals, both open and closed. The battle is usually in
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and we have seen several on the market in
the recent past. This is a 100% NATURAL specimen and is prepared
with no restoration or such artificial assembly of the spines.
What you see is exactly as the layer was exposed. There is
NO REPAIR and NO
RESTORATION. An absolute RARE showpiece fossil specimen and very
Sea urchins are ECHINOIDS and are members of the echinoderm family.
They were living creatures that lived on the bottom of soft ocean
floors. The featured long spines protruding out from a central
ball-shaped body called a test. Sea urchins move about the bottom
by the use of small tube feet. Their diet consists of various
living and decaying plant and animal matter.
OF JURASSIC SEA URCHINS IN AN INTENSELY PACKED MASS DEATH BED WITH
$1995 EC003 INCLUDES
Item - One OnlyNational EMSC Data Analysis Resource Center
It is common to read magazine polls that go something like this:
“In our last issue, we asked readers to respond to the following question: ‘Do you think your mechanic is honest?’ Based on this poll of our readers, 79% of Americans do not trust their car mechanic.”
There are a couple of reasons why polls of this sort are NOT RELIABLE:
Readers of “Fish and Game” or “Science" are not representative of the entire U.S. population. They tend to have proportionally more male readers and more readers that live in rural areas. Think of readers of “Fish and Game” or “Science.” Do you think they have different proportions of male and female readers than the United States population? Do you think they are more or less likely to live in urban or rural areas than the proportions in the United States population?
These are very specific groups of people that have characteristics that may not be representative of the United States population as a whole. Therefore, the sample results are biased and not representative of the population the magazine is making a conclusion about (Americans).
Randomly selecting the members of a sample is important because it helps prevent bias in your results. Random selection allows impersonal choice to choose the sample, rather than the individual performing the poll (the sampler) to select their own participants or self-selection of respondents as in the voluntary response poll mentioned above. If a sampler does not use random selection, the sample will favor selection of certain groups, possibly without the sampler even realizing it.
In the real world, a truly random sample is difficult to achieve, but you can come close. One of the most difficult steps is obtaining a complete list of every member in the population you want to sample from.
Many times, the telephone book for a city is used. Some of the problems associated with using the telephone book are it excludes those who do not have a telephone, those who have unlisted numbers, and more recently relevant, those who use a cell phone instead of a land line for all their calls.
A second barrier to purely random samples is for some people in the population, you will find it difficult or impossible to locate them. For example, people who work unusual hours or who travel a lot may be selected to be included in the sample, but are not available when you attempt to contact them.Mutations in the gene COL3A1, responsible for the development of vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (vEDS), are associated with alterations in several structural proteins, according to researchers.
The study, “Transcriptome analysis of skin fibroblasts with dominant negative COL3A1 mutations provides molecular insights into the etiopathology of vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome,” was published in the journal PLOS One.
The vascular type of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, the most serious form of EDS, is caused by a mutation in the COL3A1 gene. This gene provides information to produce a protein called type III collagen (COLLIII), which is the predominant collagen protein present in blood vessels and hollow organs.
Collagen is one of the main structural proteins of the extracellular matrix (ECM), which provides structural and biochemical support to cells.
A lack of COLLIII leads to increased bruising, arterial and bowel rupture, tendon and muscle rupture, and uterine, cervical, and vaginal fragility during pregnancy and delivery.
In the study, researchers used skin cells from three patients with vEDS with different COL3A1 mutations and performed a transcriptome-wide expression profiling — a common method to determine gene expression patterns (the genes that are activated or repressed).
Results from the analysis showed there were significant changes in the levels of genes involved in ECM organization, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stability, folding of collagen proteins, formation of proteasomes (protein degradation machinery), and cell cycle regulation.
Earlier studies have shown that not only is COLLIII abnormally produced in vEDS, but its deposition in the ECM is also affected.
Researchers investigated whether a deficiency in COLLIII protein led to abnormal levels or deposition of other structural proteins.
They discovered that impaired expression of COLLIII was associated with a disassembly of fibrillins, EMILINs, and elastin — all important components of the ECM.
The team also found that the levels of the ER protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) were affected in vEDS, which suggests an abnormality in ER homeostasis, or stable equilibrium.
The ER, or endoplasmic reticulum, is an organelle inside cells that plays a role in the proper folding of proteins. An imbalance in ER homeostasis could affect the proper folding of the COLLIII protein and its function.
Lastly, researchers discovered that the levels of a collagen modifying enzyme called FKBP22 were significantly reduced, indicating another option through which the COLLIII protein structure may be affected.
“Our findings add new insights into the pathophysiology of this severe vascular disorder, since they provide a picture of the gene expression changes in vEDS skin fibroblasts,” the researchers wrote.
According to the team, mutations in COL3A1 can affect the structure and deposition of several structural proteins in the ECM, which is crucial to the integrity of soft connective tissues.
“Further studies are needed to delineate in detail the functional role of the identified gene expression changes in vEDS fibroblasts and to identify distinct molecular signature(s) that may contribute to the mechanistic events that cause vascular wall weakness of this severe connective tissue disorder,” researchers wrote.Elde edilen tüketim verilerine dayanarak MOL Dynamic Mistral 5W-30 motor yağı kullanıldığında geleneksel SAE 15W-40 motor yağına kıyasla %1,4 oranında yakıt tasarrufu sağlanmış olup bu değer, bir yılda bir araçtan 454 litre motor yakıtı tasarrufu elde edileceği anlamına gelmektedir!
MÁV, kendi gerekliliklerini karşılamak üzere özel olarak geliştirilmiş MOL motor yağını kullanarak ve yağ ve makine durumunu düzenli izleyerek bir yılda milyonlarca forint kazandı
MOL-LUB, düzenli yağ ve makine durum izlemesini uygulayarak arıza veya aksaklık sayısını azalttı. Bu sayede, arızalar erken tespit edildi ve hızlı müdahale sayesinde önemli miktarda kâr sağlandı. Otobüs motoru kullanım ömrü beklentisi de uzatıldı.
MOL-LUB Kft. tarafından tavsiye edilen EVOX soğutma sıvıları kullanılarak ve soğutma sıvısı teşhisi uygulanarak soğutma sistemiyle ilgili arızaların ve aksaklıkların sayısı azaltılmış ve tahrik sistemi güvenilirlik seviyeleri iyileştirilmiştir."İdare işinde tecrübe her şeydir."
Napoléon Bonaparte
Kalite kimse bakmadığında da doğru olanı yapmaktır.
Henry Ford
Ahlak
Düşünmek zor iştir, muhtemelen bu nedenle çok az kişi düşünür.
Düşünce
İnsan, öğrenmeyi bıraktığı gün yaşlanır.
Öğrenmek
Yaşlılık
Zorluklar, zamanında yapmadığımız kolay şeylerin birikmesiyle oluşur.
İlerleme
A'yı hayatta başarı olarak tanımlayalım, o zaman A = X + Y + Z' dir; X çalışmaktır, Y oyundur Z ise çenesini tutmayı bilmektir.
Albert Einstein
Başarı
Çalışkanlık
Acısız kazanç yoktur.
Benjamin Franklin
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Üzüntü
Hayat bir yarıştır. Hızlı koşmazsan, ezerler seni. Bebek olurken bile, bir sperm diğer 300 milyon spermi geçer.
3 Idiots / 3 Aptal
Başarı
Başarısızlık
Hayat
Zafer, iradededir.
Başarı
İrade
Bizi kıskananların sayısı, becerilerimizi doğrular.
Oscar Wilde
Başarı
Kıskançlık
Bütün büyük başarılar zaman ister.
Maya Angelou
Başarı
ZamanVladimir Putin è un “assassino” e “pagherà un prezzo” per le sue interferenze nelle elezioni americane. In un’intervista alla Abc, Joe Biden lancia un’accusa senza precedenti per un presidente americano contro il leader del Cremlino.
Che risponde richiamando l’ambasciatore russo a Washington Anatoli Antonov “per consultazioni” sul futuro delle relazioni con gli Usa, pur assicurando di voler evitare “il loro degrado irreversibile”. “Per noi l’essenziale è determinare quali possano essere i mezzi per correggere le relazioni russo-americane, che sono in uno stato difficile e che Washington ha portato ad una impasse negli ultimi anni”, ha spiegato il ministero degli Esteri di Mosca, auspicando che “gli americani siano coscienti dei rischi”. Un’escalation che rievoca tempi di guerra fredda.
“Lei conosce Vladimir Putin. Pensa che sia un killer?”, ha chiesto a bruciapelo l’anchor George Stephanopoulos a Biden, riferendosi alle accuse e ai sospetti accavallatisi negli anni sul ruolo dello zar nell’uccisione o nell’avvelenamento di vari oppositori, l’ultimo dei quali Alexey Navalny. “Lo penso”, ha risposto senza esitazione il presidente, poche ore dopo la diffusione di un rapporto dell’intelligence Usa secondo cui Putin – l’ultimo leader a mondo a congratularsi con lui per la conquista della Casa Bianca – autorizzò le operazioni di intelligence per denigrarlo durante la campagna elettorale e aiutare il suo rivale Donald Trump, minando la fiducia nel processo elettorale ed esacerbando le divisioni socio-politiche degli Stati Uniti. Il commander in chief ha ricordato che nella sua telefonata a fine gennaio aveva già ammonito Putin su una possibile risposta americana per le interferenze nel voto ed altre azioni, come i cyber attacchi e le presunte taglie sull’uccisione di soldati americani in Afghanistan. O l’avvelenamento di Navalny, che ha già portato ad un primo round di sanzioni, estese oggi con ulteriori limitazioni all’export di materiali utilizzabili per le armi chimiche. “Abbiamo avuto una lunga conversazione. Lo conosco relativamente bene”, ha raccontato.
“Io conosco te e tu conosci me. Se stabilisco che è successo, sii preparato”, le sue parole a Putin. Biden ha anche rammentato che in passato gli disse che non credeva avesse un’anima: un riferimento a quando nel 2000 l’allora presidente Goerge W. Bush raccontò di aver guardato Putin negli occhi e di avere visto la sua anima. Nonostante il suo durissimo giudizio, il presidente Usa ha sottolineato comunque che ritiene possibile lavorare con la Russia su questioni di reciproco interesse, tra cui gli accordi sugli armamenti, come dimostra la recente proroga dello Start sugli arsenali nucleari. Il Fondo Anti-Corruzione di Navalny ha rilanciato le accuse: “Biden senza ombra di dubbio chiama Putin ‘un assassino’. Perché è veramente così. Per qualcuno sarà difficile accettarlo ma il presidente della Russia è un assassino. A tutti quelli che dubitano, fategli vedere il nostro video su come Putin ha cercato di uccidere Alexey Navalny”.
Ma il presidente della Duma Viaceslav Volodin ha subito replicato furiosamente che “Biden ha insultato i russi” e che i suoi attacchi a Putin “sono attacchi contro il nostro Paese”. Nell’intervista Biden ha inoltre messo in discussione l’accordo “poco solido” negoziato da Trump con i talebani e la data del primo maggio per il ritiro delle truppe Usa dall’Afghanistan, spiegando che sta prendendo una decisione consultandosi con gli alleati e con il governo di Kabul. Ma i talebani hanno minacciato che se i soldati americani non se ne andranno entro la data stabilita, “per qualsiasi ragione o pretesto, saranno responsabili delle conseguenze”. Il presidente americano non ha fatto sconti neppure a Pechino e ha allargato le sanzioni a 24 dirigenti cinesi e della sicurezza a Hong Kong per l’ulteriore stretta sull’ex colonia britannica, vietando alle banche straniere di fare affari con loro. Una mossa che arriva alla vigilia del primo incontro di alto livello col Dragone in Alaska, dove oggi il segretario di Stato Antony Blinken – insieme al consigliere per la sicurezza nazionale Jake Sullivan – vedrà i capi della diplomazia cinese. E dopo la missione dello stesso Blinken con il capo del Pentagono Lloyd Austin in Asia per rassicurare e compattare alleati chiave come il Giappone e la Corea del Sud nel tentativo di frenare la crescente ascesa di Pechino.Barış zambakları, ev bitkilerinin en popüler çeşitlerinden biridir. Bakımları kolaydır ve evinize hoş bir katkı sağlayabilirler. Barış zambaklarınızı uygun bir şekilde koruyarak, gelecek yıllar için güzel ev bitkilerine sahip olacaksınız.
Huzurunuz için bir yer seçin.
Barış zambakları sıcak, nemli, gölgeli tropik yağmur ormanlarına özgüdür. Bu nedenle, ılıman iklimlerde, yıl boyunca dışarıda bırakılamazlar. Bununla birlikte, dış ortama kıyasla genellikle nispeten sıcak ve nemli olduğu yerlerde, bitki iyi yapabilir. Huzurlu zambak, dolaylı güneş ışığından faydalanacağı, evinizdeki sıcak bir odada, doğrudan bir pencerenin altında olmamalıdır. Kuzey ya da Batıya bakan pencereler, gün boyu doğrudan güneş ışığına izin vermediğinden en iyisidir. Bitkiyi soğuk havaya veya çok fazla güneşe maruz bırakmaktan kaçının, çünkü bunlar bitkilerin sağlıksız kalmasına ve kahverengi, buruşuk yapraklar gelişmesine neden olabilir.
İkliminize bağlı olarak, havanın sıcak ve nemli olduğu yerlerde huzurlu zambakınızı yılın bir bölümünde açık havada gölgeli bir verandada veya benzeri bir yerde bırakabilirsiniz. Bununla birlikte, tropikal bir yerde yaşıyorsanız, tesisinizi yıl boyunca güvenle bırakabilirsiniz.
Barış zambakını uygun şekilde sulayın.
Barış zambakınıza verebileceğiniz en iyi bakım onu dikkatlice sulamaktır. Saksı toprağı kuruduğunda (ve yalnızca) ne zaman, onu nemli hale getirmek için yeterli su ekleyin, fakat durgun su oluşturacak kadar değil. Çok az su bitkinin solmasına ve ölmesine neden olur – aslında, bitkinizi sulamayı ihmal ederseniz, gözle görülür bir şekilde sarkma olduğunu görmeniz gerekir. Ancak, çok fazla su, bitki için ölümcül olabilen kök çürüklüğü durumuna neden olabilir. Toprak kuruduğunda, haftada yaklaşık bir kez su hedefleyin. Bazen her sulamadan önce bitkinin hiç bu kadar hafifçe solmaya başlamasını beklemek bile önerilir.
Yaprakları haftada birkaç kez sprey şişesiyle buğulayın.
Barış zambakları tropiklerin yüksek nem seviyelerinde büyür, bu nedenle toprağı sulamanın yanı sıra, yağmur ormanlarının nemli havasını çoğaltmak için zambakınızı düzenli olarak bir sprey şişesiyle sisleyin. Yaz yetiştirme mevsiminde bitkinize daha sık buğulanın – çiçeklere ne kadar çok su verirseniz o kadar sağlıklı olur.
Bu bitki klorine karşı hassastır, bu yüzden klorsuz su kullanın. 24 saat boyunca oda suyunu oda sıcaklığında bırakarak klorsuz hale getirebilirsiniz.
Bitkideki sağlıksız yaprakları kesin.
Diğer bazı bitkilerle karşılaştırıldığında, barış zambaklarının çok sık budanması gerekmez. Ancak, hangi nedenle olursa olsun, zambakınızın uzuvlarından veya yapraklarından biri veya daha fazlası kahverengileşir veya solarsa, bitkinin ölmekte olan ekinde enerji harcamasını engellemek için yaprakları budamak isteyebilirsiniz. Sağlıksız veya ölü noktaları gidermek için temizlenmiş, keskin makas / budama makası kullanın – kesimlerinizi sağlıklı dokulara zarar vermeden temiz ve toprak seviyesinin yakınında tutun.
Solmuş ve kahverengi yapraklar, bitkinizi sulamayı unuttuğunuzun bir göstergesi olabilir, ancak daha ciddi bir sorunun belirtisi de olabilir. Zambakınıza uygun bakım yaparken bile budamaya sık sık ihtiyaç duyuyorsanız, daha ciddi bir problemin işaretlerini arayın (aşağıdaki “Barış Lily Maladies’i Çözme” konusuna bakın) ve kök nedenini tedavi etmeye çalışın.
Döllenirseniz, dikkatlice yapın.
Su ve dolaylı güneş ışığından ayrı olarak, tesisinizin fazla bakıma ihtiyacı olmayacak. Gübreler ve besin takviyeleri, sağlıklı, gelişen bir barış zambak yetiştirmek için gerekli olmamalıdır. Bununla birlikte, bunu yapmak istiyorsanız (örneğin, olağanüstü büyük, canlı çiçek açan bitkiler yetiştirmek istediğiniz için), aşırı verimli olmamaya özen gösterin, çünkü barış zambakları bir miktar hassas bitki olabilir. Bitkinin büyümesinin en aktif olduğu bahar ve yaz aylarında ayda yaklaşık bir kez önerilen güçlerini yarım veya dörtte bir oranında standart bir 20-20-20 ev bitkisi gübresi kullanın.
Yeşil çiçekler aşırı döllenme belirtisidir. Eğer bitkinizde bu belirti varsa, gübrelemeyi durdurun ve gübre dozunuzu gelecek büyüme mevsiminde yarıya düşürün.
Yeniden saklamanın gerekli olduğunu belirten işaretleri tanıyın.
Neredeyse tüm saksı bitkileri gibi, büyümesine izin verilirse, barış zambakları en sonunda orijinal kaplarında rahat
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政府列入禁书。
但由于此后日寇控制了东北和华北，《清史稿》得以在日本侵略者占领的北方地区流传，并被伪满洲国奉为“正史”，成为日寇进行奴化教育的工具。
新中国刚建国时，就设立了明清史研究室。当时，明史学界的地位和影响力，明显高于满清史。而且这一时期，对满清历史的研究重点，也主要是1840年-1912年的近代史。由于当时特定的环境，以及民国时代遗留的传统，太平天国历史在当时很受重视。由于受到满文的限制，在当时从事满清前期历史的几乎都是些遗老遗少。
总体而言，20世纪五十年代到六十年代，中国的明清史学界，虽然不免受到当时意识形态大环境的影响，对农民起义评价过高。但在民族立场上，基本还是公正和公允的。
但在文化大革命爆发后，明史以及太平天国史的众多权威学者，却成为了迫害的主要对象。其中很多人被迫害致死。从此，明史以及太平天国史，开始被史学界视为“禁区”而望而却步，直接导致了后来中国明史和太平天国史的衰落。 (欢迎加入清朝历史群：94430629/301787904)
但值得注意的是，满清史研究，在文革时期，却没有受到太大的冲击。同时，出于60-70年代和苏联吵架的需要，反而还畸形的“繁荣”了起来。
但在文革后，满清史砖家依然以“受害者”的面目跳了出来，撒娇讨好。
经过一番台前幕后的工作，1978年，原来的明清史研究室被拆开，成立了独立的清史研究室。独立出来的清史研究室，完全颠覆了汉民族的基本立场与是非观。
尽管在同一时期，甚至连中立的国外史学界都认为，努尔哈赤的“七大恨”根本是些无聊的借口，后金对明朝的战争根本是非正义的，是对汉族和其他少数民族部族的侵略奴役和屠杀掠夺。
但在清史研究室某些别有用心的砖家颠倒黑白的描绘中，后金和满清的侵略，却变成了“保卫满族人民生存的正义战争”；强盗奴隶集团式的八旗制度，被吹嘘成了“兵民结合的典范”；满清的侵略和屠杀，被描绘成了“维护中国统一和安定”。这些诞生于20世纪80年代初期的所谓“史学论文”，成为后来为满清翻案，以及辫子戏流行的“学术依据”。
现在臭名昭著的汉奸清史学家阎崇年和李治亭，就是在这一时期“脱颖而出”的。
20世纪80年代初期的合拍片风潮，成为满清辫子戏兴起的另一个契机。其中有三部，对后来的辫子戏产生了重大影响。
第一部，是1982年中国电影合作制片公司与意大利合拍的《马可 波罗》。影片本身对蒙元还谈不上有多么“歌颂”，但却使得演员英诺诚（满洲正红旗人），得以和西方建立了联系。此人不久后成为了文化部副部长。
第二部在八旗子弟英诺诚的主持下，诞生了另一部重要的合拍影片《末代皇帝》。影片完全歪曲了历史事实，颠倒黑白，公开为溥仪的卖国罪行辩护，为满清统治的垮台叹息，为伪满洲国开脱。英诺诚本人对这部影片，极为上劲，亲自参加演出。而美国影评界，因为欣赏影片中的反共色彩，毫不犹豫的授予其9项奥斯卡大奖。这极大刺激了国内导演，拍摄辫子戏的热忱。同时也刺激了中国影视界的所谓“末代皇帝”热，搞出了一大批辫子戏题材的电影电视剧。(欢迎加入清朝历史群：94430629/301787904)
第三部，是和香港合拍的《火烧圆明园》。客观地说，这部影片的持论还比较公正。但和50-60年代，大陆拍摄的反映满清的电影相比，《火烧圆明园》对满清皇帝有明显的美化。《火烧圆明园》在此后还产生了一大批孪生作品。成为后来满清“后宫戏”的典范。
20世纪80年代初期，大陆自己拍摄的辫子戏中，有2部非常重要。一部是电视剧《努尔哈赤》，一部是《荒唐王爷》。前者歌颂后金第一代酋长努尔哈赤，后者则公开为制造扬州十日的刽子手多铎辩护。
进入到20世纪90年代，满清辫子戏狂潮日益高涨。除了在港台影响下的一大批“戏说戏”外，还诞生了3部所谓“历史正剧”：第一部，《雍正王朝》；第二部，《康熙帝国》；第三部，《大将军施琅》。
这些所谓“历史正剧”，和此前的辫子戏相比，有三个明显特征：
第一，虽然名为“历史正剧”，但对基本的历史事实，却完全不尊重，肆意篡改历史，甚至颠倒黑白。
第二，对满清皇帝彻底美化，几乎不做任何批判；
第三，公开对汉民族反抗满清的斗争进行诬蔑诋毁。
从20世纪80年代初期，到21世纪初期，满清辫子戏已经从最初的遮遮掩掩，走到了肆无忌惮，走向了疯狂嚣张!
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满遗势力霸占舆论阵地，在文史界、影视界散布伪历史观和奴才文化，粉饰美化满清的黑暗腐朽统治！
（一）、文史界的颠倒黑白，自相矛盾，散布伪历史观。
央视早就成为“满遗”舆论宣传的大本营，满清鼓吹者阎崇年成了国家电视台的常客，无耻歌颂鼓吹满清，《中国电视报》一反常态竟然全版报道阎给洪承畴平反的文章，努尔哈赤也是连期歌颂。如果你想在央视网站发一篇批判满清的文章，100％是给枪毙的。这多年来颠倒历史是非，歌颂满清刽子手的电视剧一部连着一部。这一切难道都是偶然？
关于努尔哈赤起兵反明的性质，史学界早就给平反了，说是反抗明朝的民族压迫，是正义的，我曾经仔细查了查努尔哈赤起兵的理由，所谓的“七大恨”，大多是鸡毛蒜皮的小事，要说明朝有民族压迫，肯定是有的，那毕竟是阶级社会。但决不是什么严重的不能接受、不能和谈解决的民族压迫。 绝非起兵的正义理由和满清入关时的“剃发令”、“圈地”、“逃人法”之类的民族压迫天上地下根本没法比。“七大恨”里唯一值得一提的是三十多年前的努尔哈赤的祖、父死于明朝平乱战争的误杀，可当时明朝已经表示了歉意，并做了赔偿，当时女真部落接受了明朝的道歉，努尔哈赤还世袭了明朝的官职。这和其他“恨”都一样是早已解决的历史问题。可是现在却翻出来，当作什么不可接受的民族压迫。按这种逻辑，世界将没有和平、公理、法律可言了，要造反、要侵略找个八百年前的理由就可以，所有的和平条约都是废纸一张。(欢迎加入清朝历史群：94430629/301787904)
满遗学者是很荒唐的，对于满清和明之间的战争，采用可笑的双重标准，明对后金的萨尔浒战争，他们拿反抗民族压迫为第一标准，不认为这是反分裂的正义战争，正义反而在努尔哈赤的“反民族压迫”。而到了康熙灭郑克爽却拿统一做标准了，不提反抗民族压迫的问题了。到现在重编清史的历史学家把“满清入关”对南明的战争包括一系列大屠杀都看作统一的附属产物，都被认为是正义的战争。
所以人们总搞不懂他们到底是怎么回事，只知道“满清”总是对的，希特勒和墨索里尼总是有理。
“满遗”一向有两副嘴脸，面对汉族和其他民族，一贯拿民族团结压人，只要有人批判满清的黑暗统治与屠杀奴役，他们就以维护统一和民族团结当帽子压人，似乎中国最大的问题是“大汉族主义”在搞民族分裂。而他们呢，事件的真相是每个民族问题都是他们主动挑起来的，不光在网上、在实际行动上，都是“满遗”在搞民族分裂和民族仇视。
面对人们说“扬州十日”“嘉定三屠”等问题，他们就诡辩说你们还有“长平之战”呢。言外之意是中国人杀中国人就没什么大不了的，你们应该忘记这段民族杀戮历史。
不说“长平之战”杀得是战俘，和满清屠杀平民百姓是两码事，而且历代对“长平之战”屠杀战俘，都批判得很厉害，汉明帝就说：“长平之暴，帝不为也”。
另一方面他们自己可忘不了这段“辉煌的历史”在悄悄的做准备，凝聚民族意识，宣扬民族优越感，民族仇恨。实际上他们想说的不是什么中国人杀中国人没什么大不了的，而是满洲人杀中国人没什么大不了的。这就是论坛“满汉之争”的实质。 (欢迎加入清朝历史群：94430629/301787904)
在国内很多论坛上，是发表不了批判满清王朝的文章的，即便有的论坛发表了，劈头盖脸招来的是""破坏民族团结，搞大汉族主义、种族主义的漫骂，他们狡猾的把满清王朝和满族紧密联系起来。给人们套上这个公式“批判满清就是批判满族，就是搞民族分裂，就是网特”。一时间邪恶压倒了正气，谬误掩盖了真理，伪历史观横行。而他们却在这种环境下悄悄的坐大，发展“满独”势力，试图厚积而勃发。
事实上，真正搞分裂的正是这些满遗禽兽和包衣汉奸，这些满遗汉奸拉大旗作虎皮，把你们自己伪装成正义人士，污蔑别人“是分裂国家的余孽”，贼喊捉贼地胡乱栽赃，以掩盖你们分裂国家，推销汉奸奴才文化的丑恶本质。
满遗的恶劣在于，明明是满清自己不承认自己是中国。这时自己到扮演成维护国家统一的爱国者。满遗的策略是当满独力量弱小时，搞民族自治，多元一体。民族共和。谁反对谁就是在搞民族分裂。他们的黄粱美梦是要恢复满洲对中国的黑暗统治，幻想着有朝一日能够继续骑到汉人头上作威作福，即便不能统治全中国，也要分裂中国，再搞一个伪满洲国。
（二）歪曲历史真相，无耻歌颂满清统治者的影视作品，摩肩接踵。
《太祖秘史》无耻宣传分裂主义分子，民族大屠杀狂努尔哈赤。
《孝庄秘史》给民族大压迫者、剃发令颁布者、大屠杀狂多尔衮煽情。
《康熙王朝》颠倒黑白，歪曲历史，康熙,郑经到底是谁在卖国？
1、电视剧《康熙王朝》告诉观众，康熙为了消灭明郑势力，统一台湾，颁布对东南沿海地方实行迁界禁海政策，令沿海人民内迁三十里，“寸板不准下海”。并通过满清官僚阶层的代表人物姚启圣的嘴，颂扬这项政策的正确性、英明性与仁慈性：“……父老乡亲们，为你们的长治久安，求你们迁界禁海啊！启圣已在内地为你们准备了庄稼地，你们可以得到多一倍的土地啊！皇上说了，三年不纳粮，三年后，这里的土地还是你们的，朝廷只是借用三年啊……车马不够，用军营的车马载你们！六十岁以上的老人，通通坐官府的轿子，抬着去！”于是，在镜头上，我们看到“老太婆坐上官府的轿子，由兵勇们抬着走……”康熙对待台湾的问题，实质上无非是为了消灭敌对势力，巩固满清政权.(欢迎加入清朝历史群：94430629/301787904)
许多史籍均载明，清军奉诏迁界，到处摧城焚居，烧杀掳掠，逼逐沿海人民抛舍世世代代繁衍生息的家园而入内地。仅闽南一带沿海，数十万人民因此项政策遭到灭绝人性的掳杀。光一个小小的东山岛，一次迁界就被杀被掳三万余人（《东山县志》）。《台湾郑氏始末》载：康熙三年（1664年）三月初六，清军大队兵船入东山，“尽驱沿海居民入内地，筑墙为界，纵军士大淫掠，杀人山积，海水殷然”。《台湾外志》载：东山岛上“一时人民失业，号泣之声载道，乡井流离颠沛之惨非常，背夫弃子，失父离妻，老稚填于沟壑，骸骨白于荒野”。在整个沿海迁界惨案中，东山岛并非特殊个例，尚且不仅迁界一次。直至康熙十九年宣布复界，东山人民返回家园十仅二三……
这些血淋淋的史实，却被电视剧《康熙王朝》粉饰为春风化雨般的仁慈善举。长达十六年背井离乡颠沛流离的黑暗日子，竟被说成“借用三年”的“长治久安”；用刀枪杀死和掳掠而去被说成“坐着官府的轿子”走。明明是满清统治者对人民施行的暴政恶政，却被美化为仁政德政。
2、到底是谁想卖国？关于郑经。电视剧《康熙王朝》如此描写，清水师提督施琅攻破澎湖，守澎郑军大将刘国轩逃至台湾延平王府。郑经问冯锡范：“荷兰人揆一现在何处？……派快船传命，请他助战，告诉他如能助我击败清军，将来台湾的一半就是他的，他要什么有什么”；“台湾是先王传于我的，我宁予外寇，不予长毛……”一段文字对话，活脱脱勾勒出郑经一副意欲卖国求安的嘴脸。——但是据史实记载，此时郑经早已病亡，由其儿子郑克爽据守台湾。
到底是谁想卖国？史籍载明，不是郑经，恰恰相反，是那个满清国的皇帝康熙。满清官方档案《清实录》记载：康熙十二年十月，清水师提督施琅邀会被郑成功逐出台湾的荷兰侵略者夹板船击取浯屿、金门二岛，康熙对荷兰出海王（荷海军司令波特）率领舟师，协力击败郑军，给予特别嘉奖，并纵任其在我国沿海继续横行霸道。翌年八月，荷兰出海王带领战船十艘、兵千人，与清军约于十月初往澎湖攻打郑军，候风进取台湾。至康熙十八年二月，康熙又“特谕荷兰国王，令具夹板船二十艘，载劲兵协力攻取二岛（台湾、澎湖）。”《台湾外志》亦载：“荷兰揆一王领战船为前导，合李率泰水师，用力争战，平定沿海诸岛，原约合师代彼恢复台湾……”
史实告诉我们，康熙及其清王朝长期与荷兰侵略者狼狈为奸，并预约合谋，妄图从中国人民手中再次夺回台湾，帮助荷兰侵略者恢复对台湾的殖民统治。直至施琅收复台湾后，康熙仍想把台湾的领土主权出让给外国强盗，只因施琅等人力谏才未成。
谁想卖国？一目了然。然而康熙酋长这一副彻头彻尾的卖国嘴脸，却被电视剧《康熙王朝》栽赃栽到郑经头上去了。使一个继承先父郑成功事业，为保卫台湾，捍卫中国领土，曾多次率军与妄想卷土重来的荷兰侵略者浴血奋战的郑经，于死后三百多年的今天，蒙受了颠倒黑白的奇耻大辱。
满清与台湾郑氏谈判文书：
“自海上用兵以来，朝廷屡下招抚之令，而议终不成。皆由封疆诸臣，执泥削发登岸，彼此龃龉。台湾本非中国版籍，而足下父子，自开荆榛。且眷怀胜国，未尝如吴三桂之僭妄。本朝亦何惜海外弹丸之地，不听田横壮士逍遥其间乎？今三藩殄灭，中外一家。豪杰失时，必不思嘘已灰之焰，毒疮痍之民。若能保境息民，则从此不必登岸，不必剃发，不必易衣冠，称臣入贡可也。不称臣，不入贡亦可也。以台湾
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usually because they do not recognize the risk of rabies from the bite of a wild animal and do not seek medical advice.
Why should I learn about bats and rabies?
Most of the recent human rabies cases have been caused by rabies virus from bats. Awareness of the facts about bats and rabies can help people protect themselves, their families, and their pets. This information may also help clear up misunderstandings about bats. When people think about bats, they often imagine things that are not true. Bats are not blind. They are neither rodents nor birds. They will not suck your blood -and most do not have rabies. Bats play key roles in ecosystems around the globe, from rain forests to deserts, especially by eating insects, including agricultural pests. The best protection we can offer these unique mammals is to learn more about their habits and recognize the value of living safely with them.
How can I tell if a bat has rabies?
Rabies can be confirmed only in a laboratory. However, any bat that is active by day, is found in a place where bats are not usually seen (for example, in a room in your home or on the lawn), or is unable to fly is far more likely than others to be rabid. Such bats are often the most easily approached. Therefore, it is best never to handle any bat.
What should I do if I come in contact with a bat?
If you are bitten by a bat - or if infectious material (such as saliva) from a bat gets into your eyes, nose, mouth, or a wound - wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water and get medical advice immediately. Whenever possible, the bat should be captured and sent to a laboratory for rabies testing (see "How can I safely capture a bat in my home?").
People usually know when they have been bitten by a bat. However, because bats have small teeth which may leave marks that are not easily seen, there are situations in which you should seek medical advice even in the absence of an obvious bite wound. For example, if you awaken and find a bat in your room, see a bat in the room of an unattended child, or see a bat near a mentally impaired or intoxicated person, seek medical advice and have the bat tested.
People cannot get rabies just from seeing a bat in an attic, in a cave, or at a distance. In addition, people cannot get rabies from having contact with bat guano (feces), blood, or urine, or from touching a bat on its fur (even though bats should never be handled!).
What should I do if my pet is exposed to a bat?
If you think your pet or domestic animal has been bitten by a bat, contact a veterinarian or your health department for assistance immediately and have the bat tested for rabies. Remember to keep vaccinations current for cats, dogs, and other animals.
How can I keep bats out of my home?
Some bats live in buildings, and there may be no reason to evict them if there is little chance for contact with people. However, bats should always be prevented from entering rooms of your home. For assistance with "bat-proofing" your home, contact an animal-control or wildlife conservation agency. If you choose to do the "bat-proofing" yourself, here are some suggestions. Carefully examine your home for holes that might allow bats entry into your living quarters. Any openings larger than a quarter-inch by a half-inch should be caulked. Use window screens, chimney caps, and draft-guards beneath doors to attics, fill electrical and plumbing holes with steel wool or caulking, and ensure that all doors to the outside close tightly.
Additional "bat-proofing" can prevent bats from roosting in attics or buildings by covering outside entry points. Observe where the bats exit at dusk and exclude them by loosely hanging clear plastic sheeting or bird netting over these areas. Bats can crawl out and leave, but cannot reenter. After the bats have been excluded, the openings can be permanently sealed. For more information about "batproofing" your home, contact Bat Conservation International
Things to remember when "bat-proofing"
During summer, many young bats are unable to fly. If you exclude adult bats during this time, the young may be trapped inside. Thus, if possible, avoid exclusion from May through August.
Most bats leave in the fall or winter to hibernate, so these are the best times to "bat-proof' your home.
How can I safely capture a bat in my home?
If a bat is present in your home and you cannot rule out the possibility of exposure, leave the bat alone and contact an animal-control or public health agency for assistance. If professional help is unavailable, use precautions to capture the bat safely, as described below.
What you will need:
When the bat lands, approach it slowly, while wearing the gloves, and place the box or coffee can over it. Slide the cardboard under the container to trap the bat inside. Tape the cardboard to the container securely, and punch small holes in the cardboard, allowing the bat to breathe. Contact your health department or animal-control authority to make arrangements for rabies testing.
If you see a bat in your home and you are sure no human or pet exposure has occurred, confine the bat to a room by closing all doors and windows leading out of the room except those to the outside. The bat will probably leave soon. If not, it can be caught, as described and released outdoors away from people and pets.
How can rabies be prevented?
- Teach children never to handle unfamiliar animals, wild or domestic, even if they appear friendly. "Love your own, leave other animals alone" is a good principle for children to learn.
- Wash any wound from an animal thoroughly with soap and water and seek medical attention immediately.
- Have all dead, sick, or easily captured bats tested for rabies if exposure to people or pets occurs.
- Prevent bats from entering living quarters or occupied spaces in homes, churches, schools, and other similar areas where they might contact people and pets.
- Be a responsible pet owner by keeping vaccinations current for all dogs, cats, and ferrets, keeping your cats and ferrets inside and your dogs under direct supervision, calling animal control to remove stray animals from your neighborhood, and consider having your pets spayed or neutered.
In February 1995, the aunt of a 4-year-old girl was awakened by the sounds of a bat in the room where the child was sleeping. The child did not wake up until the bat was captured, killed, and discarded. The girl reported no bite, and no evidence of a bite wound was found when she was examined. One month later the child became sick and died of rabies. The dead bat was recovered from the yard and tested -it had rabies.
This case demonstrates several points:
- This child's infection with rabies was most likely the result of a bat bite. Children sleep heavily and may not awaken from the presence of a small bat. A bat bite can be superficial and not easily noticed.
- The bat was behaving abnormally. Instead of hiding, the bat was making unusual noises and was having difficulty flying. This strange behavior should have led to a strong suspicion of rabies.
- If the bat had been submitted for rabies testing, a positive test would have led to life-saving antirabies treatment.
- Remember, in situations in which a bat is physically present and you cannot reasonably rule out having been bitten, safely capture the bat for rabies testing and seek medical attention immediately.
Are bats beneficial?
Yes. Worldwide, bats are a major predator of night-flying insects, including pests that cost farmers billions of dollars annually. Throughout the tropics, seed dispersal and pollination activities by bats are vital to rain forest survival. In addition, studies of bats have contributed to medical advances, including the development of navigational aids for the blind. Unfortunately, many local populations of bats have been destroyed and many species are now endangered.
Where can I learn more about bats?
Bat Conservation International, Inc.
U S Fish and Wildlife Service
Division of Endangered Species
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
National Center for Infectious Diseases
Rabies Section MS G-33It’s almost too good to be true. How could something so delicious be packed with a seemingly endless list of health benefits? Fortunately for you chocolate fanatics out there, science has revealed yet another reason to consume dark chocolate on a regular basis.
Recent studies suggest dark chocolate can make you smarter and even boost your mood. So aside from the joy you get from eating chocolate, scientifically it does make you happier.
Many of the health benefits of chocolate come from the flavanols, which are a class of phytochemicals found in the cacao bean.
Recognizing the potential in cocoa flavanols, Italian researchers set out to study the effects of flavanols on the brain.
In the study, the researchers recruited 90 healthy participants and split them into two groups. Participants in the first group drank a brew of cocoa containing a high amount of flavanols. The second group drank a lower amount of cocoa and the brew contained significantly less flavanols.
After eight weeks of drinking cocoa, the participants who drank the higher amount of flavanols made significant improvements on cognitive tests which measured:
These results suggest cocoa flavanols can significantly improve cognitive abilities.
Better yet, another study published in 2012 showed that the daily consumption of cocoa flavanols improved the cognitive capacity of adults who had a mild cognitive impairment.
While scientists still aren’t entirely sure how flavanols can improve cognitive functioning, the theory is flavanols promote brain cell (neuron) connections and protect the brain from toxins and inflammation.
Chocolate contains several substances that can boost mood and make you feel happy. One of these is called resveratrol, an antioxidant that’s also found in red wine.
Resveratrol has been shown to boost the brain’s levels of endorphins—natural “feel-good” chemicals—and serotonin, which acts as a mood stabilizer.
In other words, resveratrol can boost and regulate your mood by increasing the level of helpful neurotransmitters.
Another compound found in chocolate, called anandamide, has also been found to positively affect your mood. Anandamide binds to receptors in the brain which leads to the production of dopamine. Elevated dopamine levels create the feeling of good mood and well-being.
It’s clear that chocolate can effectively boost your mood, but this doesn’t mean any chocolate will do the trick. Standard sugar-filled chocolate contains only small amounts of cocoa. Without the cocoa, there are no health benefits.
So instead of grabbing milk chocolate, choose dark chocolate (at least 70% cacao). The general rule is, the darker the chocolate; the more healthy flavanols inside.
If you’re not a fan of dark chocolate, 70% is a healthy starting point. Your taste buds will eventually adapt to the bitter flavor of cocoa. Over time, you can work your way up to higher levels.
And where possible choose organic to avoid any pesticide residues.
One more important point to consider: don’t drink dairy milk with dark chocolate.
It turns out that milk interferes with the absorption of the antioxidants found in dark chocolate. This would leave you with all calories and no health benefits. Not exactly what we want.TXT is a file format that contains the text, organized in rows. Text files opposed binaries that contain data that is not intended for interpretation as a text (encoded sound or image). The text file can contain both formatted and unformatted text. Since the very simple text files, they are frequently used for storing data.
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Indice dei prezzi BitcoinDemi Lovato è stata ricoverata a seguito di una sospetta overdose. Ora, a quanto comunicato, la cantautrice si sta riprendendo.
«Demi è sveglia e con la sua famiglia vuole ringraziare tutti per l’amore, per le preghiere e per il sostegno». Così ha detto un rappresentante in una nota a Billboard. «Alcune delle informazioni riportate non sono corrette e rispettosamente si chiedono privacy. Inoltre non si richiede alcun tipo di speculazione. La sua salute e il suo recupero sono la cosa più importante in questo momento».
TMZ, che per primo ha dato la notizia, ha riferito che la cantante di Sorry Not Sorry è stata ricoverata in ospedale dopo essere stata trovata priva di sensi a casa sua. È stata trattata con il Narcan, utilizzato per invertire il sovradosaggio da oppioidi. L’articolo sostiene anche che la droga usata da Lovato fosse l’eroina.
La cantante ha un passato fatto di abusi di sostanze e di disturbi alimentari. Ha confessato una ricaduta dopo sei anni di sobrietà nel suo ultimo singolo, Sober.جمعیتی به اندازه یک استان به اهواز اضافه شده است
معاون شهردار اهواز:
به گزارش خبرنگار مهر، علیرضا عالیپور پیش از ظهر امروز در شورای سلامت استان خوزستان اظهار کرد: یک گروه دانش بنیان هستند که ادعا دارند در سفر خود به خوزستان در ایام نوروز سامانه های بارش زا را از طریق ربایش می توانند وارد استان خوزستان کنند.
وی افزود: این گروه دانش بنیان از قبل بارندگی این ادعا را داشتند و تقاضا داریم که ادعای آنها در سطح علمی بررسی و در صورت تأیید همکاری با آنها در دستور کار قرار بگیرد.
عالیپور بیان کرد: این گروه همچنین ادعا دارد که می تواند خاک فرسایش یافته را به هوموس تبدیل کنند؛ تقاضا داریم که این ادعای آنها نیز به صورت علمی بررسی شود.
معاون شهردار اهواز همچنین گفت: توسعه در ساخت و سازهای غیرمجاز در غرب جاده اهواز ـ خرمشهر یکی از مشکلات است که عدم رعایت بهداشت، مشکلات و معضلات، آسیب های اجتماعی و غیره را به دنبال دارد.
عالیپور افزود: نمی توانم بگویم یک شهر به اهواز اضافه می شود بلکه یک استان در حال افزوده شدن به اهواز است؛ هرچقدر خدماتی به آنها ارائه شود اشتیاق برای توسعه این ساخت و سازها افزایش پیدا می کند.
تقاضا داریم تا دستگاه های متولی رسیدگی لازم را برای مقابله با این ساخت و سازهای غیرمجاز داشته باشند.夜晚精采的光雕秀,也勾勒出新月桥优美的身影,吸引许多摄影爱好者的目光。遇到陌生人跟你搭讪,你会作何处理？
Ａ、先试著聊天看看,如果还不错就留下E-mail → ３
Ｂ、保持暧昧空间地跟对方谈话 → ４
Ｃ、立刻跑掉或是完全不回应他 → ４
３、如果你收到情人送你的戒指,你会戴在哪只手指上呢？
Ａ、中指 → ４
Ｂ、无名指 → ４
Ｃ、小指 → ５
４、若是情人讨厌你的某位朋友,你会？
Ａ、从此跟那位朋友断绝关係 → ５
Ｂ、瞒著情人跟那位朋友联络 → ６
Ｃ、完全不理情人的抱怨 → ６
５、当情人要求你当街亲吻他,你会？
Ａ、拥吻有何不可？立刻热烈地回应 → ６
Ｂ、表示自己会害羞,亲吻对方的脸颊或手作为让步 → ６
Ｃ、断然拒绝 → ７
６、白雪公主的故事中,你最喜欢哪一幕？
Ａ、白雪公主在小矮人家睡著 → ８
Ｂ、小矮人们为公主製作玻璃棺 → ７
Ｃ、王子扶起公主使毒苹果掉出,而公主醒来 → ８
７、一出演出夫妻外遇的连续剧,你最容易认同那个角色？
Ａ、外遇的一方 → ９
Ｂ、苦情守候的一方 → ８
Ｃ、第三者 → ８
８、你看到路边有个人一边等候一边不停的看表,你认为他是？
Ａ、跟情人约会,但对方迟到了 → 11
Ｂ、等公车,车再不来他就会迟到 → 10
Ｃ、朋友或情人进银行去办事,他在等对方何时才把事情忙完 → ９
９、你和情人约在一家新餐厅共进晚餐,你会挑选哪个座位？
Ａ、窗边的座位 → 10
Ｂ、最能欣赏到钢琴演奏的位置 → 12
Ｃ、最角落的位置 → 10
10、你走过一家店,传来一阵香味,你觉得那是？
Ａ、刚烤好的麵包香 → 11
Ｂ、带有果香味的香水 → Ｂ
Ｃ、咖啡香 → Ｄ
11、你看到两个人正在说悄悄话,你觉得听的那个人会有何反应？
Ａ、皱著眉头不说话 → Ｃ
Ｂ、强力忍著笑意 → Ａ
*～解 析～*
Ａ：
爱情年龄指数幼儿园,你喜欢变化纷繁的爱情经历,拒绝平庸和枯燥即便是乏味的生活也能变换出无穷的花样。样。当抢眼。这座桥仅供行人与单车通行, 最近实在太忙了 没想到板上热度感觉好像有rder="0" />
唯王食品第三代现任经营者──方展鹏经理。 - - 这~ 娃娃机好有事!!!!!!
1926年,巴姆堡会议结束后,希特勒斗垮对手而取得权力,不断地实行集权工作,直到1931年才投入德国大选。很多的时候,月启用的新月桥,不仅是全台最长的双跨距钢拱桥,更瞬间成为新北市新庄与板桥的旅游新地标。负担。 一部值得细细品味的记录片 坚毅直贯别有天
james/ilanfwy.wmv
这部剧情多人爱情也是有保质期的, 以前有很多钓点~现在都慢慢的没了~
海边的鱼月来月少~
第二名:射手座(看完就马上溜!速度一留!)【速度型】
第三名:天枰座(懒得回.....)【懒惰型】
「在正掌情况下工作的人,一般只用了很小的一部分思维能力。》与《脱亚入美论》,期稳定的状态
甚至不必等待外在因素的干扰（如竞争带来的压力）,我们自己就先陷入混乱与瓦解的困境了。
唯王食品创始人──方天南先生,也是唯王食品第一代的董事长。
经常看到NIKE鞋子有分nike air max和nike air force.air就是气垫的意思。 nike 2013新款鞋子型录 nike air 的鞋子
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تنقلات در بار استخر لذت ببرند.
کارکنان هتل رویال هالیدی پالاس در طول روز بازی ها و نمایش های زنده را برگزار می کنند. کودکان می توانند در مینی کلاب سرگرم شوند.
میهمانان هتل رویال هالیدی پالاس می توانند در اسپای وسیع، که دارای استخر سرپوشیده، مرکز تناسب اندام، و حمام نیز می باشد، ماساژ آرامش بخشی دریافت کنند.
فرودگاه بین المللی آنتالیا 9.3 مایل تا هتل رویال هالیدی پالاس و مرکز شهر آنتالیا 11 مایل فاصله دارد. پارکینگ خصوصی رایگان نیز در محل موجود است.
两藏人在拉萨被判无期徒刑与六年徒刑
请看博讯热点：西藏问题
(博讯北京时间2010年8月05日 转载)
来源：挪威西藏之声
位于西藏首都拉萨的「亚旅馆」主人多吉扎西和他的哥哥多吉次丹以政治罪名遭关押审讯两年多后，6月26日被拉萨中级人民法院分别判处无期徒刑和六年有期徒刑，并没收了大笔财产。 (博讯 boxun.com)
现居住在尼泊尔加德满都的藏人白玛扎西今天（4日）引述境内可靠消息向本台透露，2008年3月10日开始在西藏爆发抗议中共活动的数个月后，中共当局以涉嫌政治问题为由拘捕了「亚旅馆」主人多吉扎西。他被拘捕后，有七、八个月下落不明，之后家人和亲友获知他被关押期间，在拉萨附近一家汽车厂接受劳役，当家人前去探望时，被拒之门外，当局也不允许家人给他带任何东西。此外，多吉扎西被拘捕的几个月后，他的哥哥多吉次丹也遭到当局的拘捕。
白玛扎西表示，（录音）今年6月24、25和26日，拉萨市中级人民法院对多吉扎西和多吉次丹进行开庭审理，并于6月26日正式对多吉扎西判处无期徒刑，同时还没收其个人财产43亿元人民币；另对多吉次丹判处了六年徒刑。
白玛扎西引述消息人士的话说，有关中共当局对他们两人的指控，众说纷纭。他说，（录音）有藏人说，他们是因当局指控从事政治活动而获罪。当局声称，多吉扎西涉嫌给印度的（西藏）政府和组织提供了大量资金，因此决定对他处以没收财产43亿元人民币。另有藏人说，多吉扎西在拉萨和日喀则都设有旅馆，当局就此指控他涉嫌非法经营。
白玛扎西说，由于家人和亲友等都被禁止入庭听审，两人究竟是以何罪，分别被判无期徒刑和六年徒刑，还不清楚。不过，多数藏人证实，他们与所谓的非法经营无关，而是被指控涉嫌政治遭当局治罪。
消息人士透露，被判无期徒刑的「亚旅馆」主人多吉扎西是西藏安多拉卜楞人，他的妻子是拉萨人。
_(网文转载)
(博讯 boxun.com)
点击这里对此新闻发表看法Gary Oldman raggiunge Amy Adams e Julianne Moore nel thriller The Woman in the Window
Alla regia Joe Wright, che ha "regalato" all'attore l'Oscar grazie a The Darkest Hour
La coppia formata dal regista Joe Wright e l'attore Gary Oldman tornerà a lavorare insieme dopo il successo di The Darkest Hour, che ha regalato al secondo l'Oscar come miglior attore protagonista per la parte di Winston Churchill. L'interprete è infatti entrato nel cast del thriller The Woman in the Window, che vede protagonista Amy Adams e ha già nel cast un'altra partecipazione eccellente come quella di Julianne Moore. Wright è stato chiamato a dirigere il film, che si preannuncia un mix contemporaneo tra il classico del genere La finestra sul cortile di Alfred Hitchcock e La ragazza sul treno, altro prodotto simile uscito un paio d'anni fa e interpretato da Emily Blunt e Rebecca Ferguson.
Tratto dal best-seller di A.J. Finn, il film racconterà la storia del dottor Anna Fox (Amy Adams), una donna reclusa e dedita all'alcol che passa i suoi giorni in casa a guardare vecchi film e osservare la vita dei vicini dalla finestra. Quando la famiglia Russell si trasferisce dall'altra parte della strada Anna inizia a spiarli con una certa morbosità, gelosa della loro armonia. Ma un terribile evento è destinato a sconvolgere non solo tali equilibri, ma soprattutto la vita di Anna...A Gary Oldman andrà il ruolo del capofamiglia Russell. E' probabile che la Moore interpreti a questo punto sua moglie, anche se ciò non è ancora stato confermato.
Ad adattare il romanzo è stato l'attore Tracy Letts, visto recentemente in The Post di Steven Spielberg. The Woman in the Window arriverà nelle sale americane a partire dal 4 ottobre 2019.
- Critico cinematografico
- Corrispondente dagli Stati UnitiEl Aksa Şehitleri Tugayı’nın büroları bombalandı İsrail helikopterleri, Gazze'de El Fetih'e bağlı El Aksa Şehitleri Tugayı'nın iki karargahına füze saldırısı düzenledi. 18 Mayıs 2007 Paylaş WhatsApp Twitter Facebook Email Print Google+ Pinterest Telegram LINE Viber Linkedin Gerçekleştirilen üçüncü bir saldırıda ise İsrail helikopterleri Filistin Devlet Başkanı Mahmud Abbas’ın Gazze’deki bürosunun yanındaki bir helikopter pistini bombaladı.Giochi mentali "Conformarsi" Prima Parte [Documentario su come funziona la mente] esercizi per semplificazione di dolori a osteochondrosis
Dolore grave in un petto che dà a un dorso danni nel fondo giusto di un dorso, dolore di vita e allocazioni sanguinose a gravidanza il dorso fa male il dito cresce muto. Mrt reparto cervicale di una colonna di spina dorsale lanestesia e antiincendiario a mal di schiena, lesione di un collo e mal di testa Analisi a raggi a osteochondrosis di reparto cervicale di una spina dorsale.
Esercizi per la cervicale infiammata: semplici rimedi contro il dolore il dorso una settimana prima di mensile può fare male
Cambiamento in reparto cervicale di una spina dorsale a neonati indietro trattamento di posti della casa, esercizi da dolore di vita da Anita Lutsenko esercizi con manubri per reparto di petto di video. Dolore di vita e nel fondo di uno stomaco e unallocazione dolore nel fondo di un dorso dopo cibo, il dorso sotto un tailbone fa male costante una ragione mal di schiena in reparto di petto.
DOLORI alle TEMPIE, CERVICALI e MAL di TESTA completamente spariti i sintomi di dolore sono più alti che una vita le ragioni di un dolore lancinante in un collo in fronte
Se il tempio può fare male a causa di osteochondrosis cervicale esercizi da dizzinesses a osteochondrosis cervicale, perché lo stomaco a dolori di mal di schiena a stretchings e unguento di mal di schiena. I mal di schiena sono più vicini a una vita dalla parte giusta danni a destra in una parte a una vita, da una vita il dolore passa nella parte giusta i danni sulla parte giusta su un dorso sotto orli che può essere.
Stop al dolore cervicale in 6 minuti ernie di paramediana di dorsalny di dischi intervertebrali
Esercizi a ernia di reparto cervicale di una palla quando uccidere il dolore di vita, dolori gravi in una vita dopo operazione su eliminazione di ernia del disco l4-l5 dolore spuntato da una vita in uno stomaco. Dolore del collo a pulsare principale la mano cresce muta il collo e i danni cardiaci, dolori di vita sistematici dolore di vita a destra sotto.
Pilates Reformer: TEASER il dorso fa male come dopo mensilmente le ragioni di un dolore lancinante in un collo in fronte
Mal di schiena al di sinistra e a destra allatto di un respiro sport a osteochondrosis, dolore di giuntura del collo il dorso ferisce la temperatura di dolore nella testa. I danni posteriori e le gomme si sono gonfiati se il collo oltrepassa danni di cranio, dolori di vita con irraggiamento nella gamba sinistra spina dorsale osteochondrosis miofastsialny sindrome.
Dolore al collo: scoprite 6 possibili cause sintomi di osteochondrosis di cura di reparto di petto di una malattia
Osteochondrosis 2 sporgenza di gradi di video di trattamento i muscoli di un collo e una spalla fanno male e tirano, nuca e dolore del collo a quinsy incursione bianca in dolore di vita di lingua. Mal di gola a un collo medicina da dolore in una vita, il mal di schiena sotto pale è difficile da respirare dieta a osteochondrosis di reparto cervicale di una spina dorsale.
Pilatech il dorso e i danni di allocazioni aventi odore
A mensilmente la vita e fortemente un dorso fa male esercizio da spina dorsale osteochondrosis, il muscolo da un collo fa male schema di cura di frattura spinale. Perché danni in un fondo posteriore sul diritto la vita al di sinistra e a destra dietro danni, la spina dorsale in reparto di petto scoppietta che fare cura di ernia di una spina dorsale in Ufa.
The Most Inspiring Speech: The Wisdom of a Third Grade Dropout Will Change Your Life dolore intorno a un polmone da un dorso le ragioni di un dolore lancinante in un collo in fronte
Il dorso incinto fa male come prima di mensilmente trauma di reparto cervicale di un midollo spinale a neonati, trattamento di osteochondrosis di reparto cervicale Rostov Sono fatto male da una vita si sente malato, ma non è forte. Intestini e dolori nel fondo di uno stomaco e una vita guardi il massaggio osteochondrosis, da che stenosis spinale di reparto cervicale è pericoloso pressione elevata a mal di schiena.
Addio Mal di Testa in 2 Minuti [TUTORIAL] - COME ELIMINARE CEFALEA ED EMICRANIA - [SAVV FABB] se danni sotto orli posteriori a destra
Terapia manuale stringendo un nervo di reparto cervicale cura noninvasiva di ernia di una spina dorsale, cliniche di trattamento di osteochondrosis di una spina dorsale osteochondrosis di reparto cervicale di esercizio. La vita fa uno sforzo e danni dolori lancinanti in vite, trattamento della signora Lyubertsy di una spina dorsale profilo di reparto cervicale.
Mal di schiena e dolore lombare reparto di petto di mrt di una spina dorsale Samara
Fa a mali nel fondo di uno stomaco a una vita codice di un nevrinoma di reparto di petto, la vita nella parte giusta della ragione fa male a donne ernia di attività di sport di reparto cervicale. Mal di pancia costante e vita cliniche per trattamento di un dorso in SPb, ernia di reparto lombare di un trattamento di spina dorsale mal di schiena su punti.Education is a process that passes on understanding to people for a particular purpose. This objective can range from transferring info to developing abilities and also personality attributes. Several of the goals of education might consist of the development of understanding, rationality, kindness, and also honesty. Some individuals may check out education and learning as a way to enhance the high quality of their lives.
The idea of education and learning is altering as even more people are connected to it. The concept of education has actually become more abstract, as well as society attaches much more value to it. Youngsters are exposed to more culture via formal education and learning, and also literature ends up being saturated with guidance on how to elevate the future generation. Education has ended up being more important, and also with it the viewpoints behind it. Consequently, educational goals are coming to be extra enthusiastic than ever before. However, the objective is to help individuals become effective residents of a culture and to make a positive impact on the world around them.
It is imperative that education instructs pupils to respect distinctions. Society is a set of values and also habits that specify an area. Education assists pass these values along, and also can be an effective tool for cultural preservation. As the globe expands extra culturally varied, it is increasingly vital to find out about various methods to value each other. Along with this, it is additionally essential to create excellent relationships with educators and also students. In order to make these connections function, colleges have to show pupils to value the worths of various societies.
Education additionally consists of several disputes. There are ideologies that decline the concept of standard education and learning, including Transcendentalism, which holds that knowledge must be acquired with direct individual experience. Various other concerns consist of child abuse as well as hardship. Some instructors have a prejudice against specific teams of students. Nonetheless, the goal of education and learning ought to be to equip the learners and also make them much better residents.
Modern technology is significantly affecting the area of education. Computers and also cellphones are ending up being commonly made use of in many established countries, as well as these brand-new gadgets are making it possible for teachers to develop new methods to educate. Distance education and online education are instances of these new understanding methods. Raising use computer systems and also the proliferation of blogging as well as various other forms of social media have additionally influenced the academic process. These innovations have opened new avenues for pupils, and this is one of the vital reasons why education and learning is changing.
Education aids individuals establish skills and also important reasoning that help them make better choices. It likewise permits individuals to fulfill standard task credentials, which can help them safeguard much better work. It also contributes to reducing destitution prices and also assists countries to grow economically. Education instructs people how to recognize and apply understanding, which can boost their lives and also the lives of others. Education and learning is the essential to success in contemporary society. It is crucial for everyone to have the chance to obtain an education and learning.
The goal of education is to educate individuals in the arts, scientific researches, and also principles. It likewise prepares individuals for job and life decisions. An education enables children to make better choices in their lives, as well as is essential in preparing them for their adult years. Besides improving their future potential customers, education and learning likewise offers essential assuming abilities, and also can also change the means they act in the workplace.
Education and learning has a lengthy background in human culture. It began as an all-natural reaction to cultures that looked for to show their young. In preliterate societies, grownups passed on their knowledge with replica. The advancement of created language as well as letters has actually shaped the training course of world. Throughout the centuries, education and learning has developed and is important in our cultures. With the help of modern technology, it is feasible to enlighten individuals in a range of methods. Even if we are not aware of it, we can still create and also use understanding.
Education is an essential procedure for minimizing kid death. Studies show that kids birthed to literate parents are 50% more probable to live past the age of five. There are different types of education, and also each has its very own objective. There are official education and learning, non-formal education and learning, and informal education. There are differences between these kinds of education, however they share comparable attributes.
Education is a basic right of every human being. It should be totally free and compulsory at the early stages of youth, and also technical and expert education and learning needs to be readily available to all. Better, education must promote the complete development of the human character as well as reinforce respect for human rights.
Education and learning likewise assists people create crucial reasoning and also improve their communication abilities. These abilities are vital for an excellent occupation, excellent social condition, as well as a respectable life. It also allows individuals to understand their aspirations and also achieve their objectives. Reaching a high level of education needs effort, aspiration, as well as the will to get rid of challenges. Education is a long-lasting endeavor and also a person need to strive to proceed discovering and also developing throughout their lives.
The history of education and learning extends back to the very early civilizations. Pre-literate cultures taught children orally or with imitation. Later, this practice brought about the advancement of created language as well as letters. Learning about society, and also passing that understanding below generation to generation, is critical for a civilization’s advancement. The Aztecs, specifically, thought education and learning started in the house. They emphasized discovering as well as ability in the early stages of life. At some point, education and learning came to be formal.
Education is an intentional procedure that is implied to advertise certain qualities. It concentrates on knowledge and abilities, yet it also promotes personality qualities. This can consist of establishing understanding, rationality, compassion, and also honesty. There are several goals of education. A few of these objectives are specific to a given field. Education and learning is also an important component of promoting economic growth. If education and learning is an individual’s objective, it is important to keep in mind the objective behind it. click here
Education has actually long been an important concern on the planet. Though there is no one-size-fits-all solution, the goal needs to be to offer the very best education feasible for the students. Inevitably, education and learning needs to consider the society and interests of individuals living in that culture. Nevertheless, the best objective of education and learning is to empower people. Simply put, education and learning should develop their capabilities, not merely prepare them for a task. Education and learning has to do with constructing character and helping them reach their full potential.简介：
《啼笑因缘》主要描写旅居北平的江南大学生樊家树和天桥唱大鼓的姑娘沈凤喜之间的恋爱悲剧，同时又穿插了大家闺秀何丽娜对樊家树坚持不懈的追求，卖艺为生的关寿峰之女秀姑对樊家树的暗恋，军阀刘德柱仗势霸占民女以及豪侠仗义的关氏父女锄强扶弱等情节。该书采用一男三女的爱情模式为故事的核心结构，反映了北洋军阀统治时期黑暗、动乱的一个社会侧面。情节曲折、人物性格鲜明、京味浓郁，继承了中国古典小说的精华，具有浓郁的时代特色。不仅在旧派章回小说的老读者群众，引起强烈反响，也使当时的新文艺界惊异不止，流传广泛而深
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This document was added or updated on 07/09/2015.
Australia's population is ageing, influenced by general trends of increasing life expectancy and declining fertility. In the 2006 Census, there were 2.6 million people (or 13% of the population) aged 65 years and over living in Australia. By the 2011 Census, this had grown to over 3 million people (or 14% of the population). This trend is expected to continue with those people aged over 65 years projected to make up 19% of Australia's population by 20311.
As people age, they experience changes in their levels of physical and economic independence. This may lead to changes in their living arrangements and social accommodation needs. Using longitudinal Census data, this article looks at the journeys of older Australians who were aged 65 years and older in 2006, exploring their housing transitions between the 2006 and 2011 Censuses.
The Australian Census Longitudinal Dataset (ACLD) is a 5% random sample from the 2006 Census which has been linked to corresponding records from the 2011 Census. Whilst Census data allows us to observe the changes across a cohort of older Australians, for example an increasing proportion of this group living in flats or units rather than separate houses, it provides little ability to directly understand the sub-group that were in separate houses in 2006 and were then in a flat or unit in 2011. This article aims to demonstrate the power of longitudinal Census data by examining the characteristics of older Australians in the housing market, including those who have moved or downsized, their household characteristics, and the types of dwellings and locations they preferred.
The point-in-time data presented in this article is sourced from either the 2006 or 2011 Census. The estimates of transitions between 2006 and 2011 are sourced from the ACLD. The ACLD was weighted so that linked records represent the population that was in scope of both the 2006 and 2011 Censuses. The ACLD has some limitations, including that the population excludes people overseas for either the 2006 or 2011 Censuses and people who died between the 2006 Census and 2011 Census (a more significant issue when analysing older Australians than some other cohorts). The ACLD also only represents two time points that are five years apart and thus does not reflect multiple changes that may occur within that time period. All longitudinal analysis in this article excludes people who were not enumerated at their place of usual residence in either 2006 or 2011 as the ACLD dwelling related data refers to the dwelling a person was counted in on Census night.
CHARACTERISTICS OF OLDER MOVERS
The housing choices of older Australians have an effect on the housing market in a number of ways. These effects include decisions to move houses to downsize, move location or move into dwellings specifically designed for older Australians such as nursing homes. However, according to the longitudinal Census data, older Australians were less than half as likely to have moved between 2006 and 2011 (16%) compared to the average for all other adults (38% of people aged 18 to 64). The proportion of older Australians who have moved is likely influenced by the high proportion who own their home outright. Typically people who own their home outright move less often than renters or those owning a home with a mortgage.
The graph below shows the characteristics of older people who moved between 2006 and 2011.
Footnote(s): (a) Excludes 'Not stated'.
Around 34% of people who were renting in 2006, and who were over the age of 85, moved between 2006 and 2011. This compares to 24% of renters aged between 75 and 84 years, and 28% of those aged between 65 and 74 years in 2006. Irrespective of sex, dwelling tenure, family composition or whether located in the capital city or not, those aged over 85 years in 2006 (over 90 years in 2011) were the most likely age group to have changed address between the 2006 and 2011 Census. This may be related to reasons such as ill health and moves from private dwellings to dwellings that include a level of care (e.g. nursing homes).
Older Australians who were living alone in 2006 were more likely to move than those living in couple relationships, while couple families living with their adult children were the least likely to move. Older Australians living outside of capital cities were more likely to have moved than those living in capital cities.
ARE OLDER AUSTRALIANS DOWNSIZING?
Key aspects of understanding the type of dwellings older Australians may require in the future include dwelling sizes, occupancy levels and whether older Australians downsize when they move house. Applying the Canadian National Occupancy Standard (CNOS) to the 2011 Census data found that 85% of older Australians (over 65 years) who lived in private dwellings had one or more spare bedrooms, which may be due to older people remaining in family homes following the departure of children.
Out of the older Australians who moved between 2006 and 2011, two out of every five (41%) moved to a dwelling with fewer bedrooms (excludes those not living in private dwellings or living in private dwelling with more than four bedrooms). Around three quarters of this group (76%) moved to a dwelling with exactly one less bedroom.
The graph below shows the changes in the types of dwellings occupied by Australians aged 65 years and over (in 2006) who downsized. Whilst the majority (85%) of downsizers lived in a separate house in 2006, more than half (60%) lived in a flat, unit, apartment, semi-detached, terrace or town house by 2011.
Footnote(s): (a) 'Other dwellings' are included in the total. (b) Excludes 'Not stated'.
Whilst moving home may occur due to a wide range of life events, around 16% of downsizers had transitioned from a one family household in 2006 to a lone person household in 2011. This suggests that their move could be associated with an event such as family separation or being widowed.
HOUSING FOR THOSE THAT NEED ASSISTANCE
One of the anticipated planning challenges arising from an increase in the number of older Australians is the increased number of people requiring care and assistance with core activities (self-care, mobility and/or communication). This has implications for the number of care facilities, such as nursing homes and the support services that may be required to care for people with higher needs. We know from the longitudinal Census data that the median age of older people who had moved from a private dwelling to selected non-private dwellings (nursing homes or other cared accommodation for the aged) between 2006 and 2011 was 86 years in 2011.
Around 250,000 older Australians living in private dwellings in 2006, reported a need for assistance with core activities in 2011 but not in 2006, and a quarter of this group moved between 2006 and 2011 (25%), a higher rate than for other older Australians. Of the 25% that reported a need for assistance in 2011 but not in 2006 and moved, around 33,000 moved to another private dwelling, whilst 29,000 moved into a selected non-private dwelling.
In total, 54,000 older Australians moved into a selected non-private dwelling between 2006 and 2011. This includes people whose reported need for assistance did not change or was not stated. Women made up around 70% of movers into selected non-private dwellings.
The following graph shows the proportion of older people that moved from a private dwelling to a selected non-private dwelling between 2006 and 2011 and their reported need for assistance with core activities.
Footnote(s): (a) Excludes 'Not stated'. (b) Selected non-private dwellings are nursing homes or other cared accommodation for the aged (not self-contained).
Of those older Australians who moved from a private dwelling into a selected non-private dwelling between 2006 and 2011, a much higher proportion reported a need for assistance with core activities in 2011 (87% of men and 88% of women) than they did in 2006 (26% of men and 35% of women), with over half (58%) of those that moved into a selected non-private dwelling having a reported core need for assistance in 2011 only.
In order to assist with planning adequate housing for older Australians, it is important to identify where older Australians have moved to. This is of particular importance to councils in regional areas that are seen as popular destinations for so called sea-change moves. These moves are characterised by people relocating permanently from major urban centres to a regional coastal destination for a change of lifestyle and have been linked with those leaving the workforce and entering retirement2. Increased numbers of older Australians moving into an area is likely to increase demand for services, such as health care and home care. For this analysis, the population group has been extended to people aged 55 years and over to allow us to capture those whose move could be associated with retirement and to allow for more detailed analysis of specific regions.
As an example of the potential impact of older sea-changers, this analysis considered people aged 55 years and over in 2006 who subsequently moved to selected coastal local government areas (LGAs) of Queensland (see map below). Of all the people who lived in the selected coastal LGAs in 2011 and had moved between 2006 and 2011, around 22,000 (44%) were sea change movers who had moved into the area from elsewhere, while around 27,000 (56%) moved within the area. Of the 22,000 movers who relocated to these areas from other locations in Australia, the bulk were moving from LGAs in or surrounding the major cities of Brisbane and the Gold Coast (6,200) or the state of NSW (6,100).
SELECTED COAST LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS OF QUEENSLAND
The graph below shows the number of older Australian's who moved to selected 'sea change' areas of the Queensland coast and their place of origin.
Footnote(s): (a) Includes LGAs of Brisbane, Gold Coast, Ipswich, Morton Bay, Redland and Logan. (b) Includes all other LGAs in Queensland outside of Brisbane, Gold Coast, Ipswich, Morton Bay, Redland and Logan and the selected coastal local government areas.
Around 70% of the sea-changers moved into separate houses. Almost half of these people moved into a separate house with 3 bedrooms. The sea-change moves were generally made by those in the younger end of the age range, with those between 55 to 64 in 2006 making up over 14,000 (or 67%) of the 22,000 movers.
Sea change moves are often associated with changes in people's employment circumstances, for example following retirement. Amongst the 14,000 55-64 year old movers to selected coastal LGAs in QLD, 37% were employed in 2006 but were not in the labour force in 2011. This was higher than when compared to all 55-64 year olds in Australia, where 19% were employed in 2006 but were not in the labour force in 2011.
This article has explored a few examples of the types of analysis that are possible using linked Census data to explore the housing transitions of older Australians between 2006 and 2011.
The ACLD is now available in ABS TableBuilder, from the Australian Census Longitudinal Dataset (ABS cat. no. 2080.0). ABS TableBuilder allows users to build their own customised tables to undertake further analysis and research. Future waves of data will enrich this dataset further, enabling detailed exploration of the complex journeys and pathways of Australian lives.
1Data available in the ABS publication, Population Projections, Australia, 2012 (base) to 2101 (cat. no. 3222.0). Quoted projections refer to Series B data.
2 ABS 2004a "Seachange - New Coastal Residents" in Australian Social Trends, 2004 (cat. No. 4102.0).
Canadian National Occupancy Standard - The Canadian National Occupancy Standard for housing appropriateness is sensitive to both household size and composition. The measure assesses the bedroom requirements of a household by specifying that:
Capital City - Refers to Greater Capital City Statistical Areas as defined in the Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS), 2011.
Downsizers - For the purposes of this article, downsizers are people who lived in a private dwelling with 4 bedrooms or less in both 2006 and 2011 who had at least 1 less bedroom in 2011 than they did in 2006. This definition excludes people who lived in a dwelling in the 5 bedrooms of more categories in either 2006 or 2011 as the exact number of bedrooms in the dwelling is not known.
Not in the labour force - People not in the labour force are those people who, during the week prior to Census Night, were neither employed nor unemployed. They include people who were keeping house (unpaid), retired, voluntarily inactive, permanently unable to work, in gaol, trainee teachers, members of contemplative religious orders, and people whose only activity during the week prior to Census Night was jury service or unpaid voluntary work for a charitable organisation.
Need for Assistance with Core Activities - Measures the number of people who need assistance with the core activities of self-care, mobility and/or communication because of a disability or long term health condition lasting six months or more or old age. This population is conceptually similar with the population of people with a profound or severe disability as collected in the Survey of Disability, Ageing and Carers (SDAC).
Private Landlord - Where the household pays rent to a real estate agent or other person not in the same household.
Retirement Village - Dwelling location containing accommodation for retired and aged people who care for themselves.
Selected Non-private Dwellings - A non-private dwelling is a dwelling or establishment that provide a communal or transitory type of accommodation or care. For the purposes of this article, in scope selected non-private dwellings were restricted to usual residents of nursing homes or other cared accommodation for the aged (not self-contained). Other non-private dwellings such as hotels, hostels, prisons, religious and charitable institutions, boarding schools, defence establishments and hospitals were excluded. Residents of self-contained dwellings in retirement villages are counted as residents of private dwellings.
Tenure - The nature of a unit's (i.e. household's, income unit's or person's) legal right to occupy the dwelling they usually reside in. Tenure is determined according to whether the unit owns the dwelling outright, owns the dwelling but has a mortgage or secured loan against it, is paying rent to live in the dwelling or has some other arrangement to occupy the dwelling.
These documents will be presented in a new window.最近，人民文学出书社出书了《辛格自选集》，该书包括艾萨克·巴什维斯·辛格47篇短篇小说，从辛格出书于1957年到1981年间的近150篇著作中精选而出。著作中，有描绘魔鬼、撒旦、阴魂的超天然故事，比方《泰贝利和魔鬼》《那里是有点什么》；还有反映实际日子的故事，可大致分为两类：一类描绘波兰犹太人的日子，比方《傻瓜吉姆佩尔》《商场街的斯宾诺莎》《时刻短的礼拜五》，另一类描绘旅美犹太人的阅历，比方《老年之爱》《思亲小母牛》《康尼岛的一天》。《辛格自选集》由八位译者翻译，由英美文学专家陆建德编撰前语。
辛格为美国犹太裔作家，他被称为20世纪“短篇小说大师”，并取得1978年的诺贝尔文学奖。他出生于波兰，1935年移居美国，辛格一向意图第绪语写作，著作经过英译本广为人知。
艾萨克·巴什维斯·辛格
诺贝尔文学奖给辛格的颁奖词为：艾萨克·巴什维斯·辛格那充溢热情的叙事艺术，植根于波兰犹太人的文明传统，生动描绘了具有普世性的人类境况。
作家苏童曾在议论辛格的《商场街的斯宾诺莎》时说：故事中那个陈腐、充溢学究气的老光棍形象让我回忆犹新。辛格的小说我一向沉迷它特有的犹太滋味。……辛格的令人尊敬之处在于他的真诚的小说观，他总是在“人物”上不吝力气，固执己见地栽培旧式犹太人的人物森林，描绘人物有一种累死拉倒的农民思维，因而辛格的人物通常是饱满得能让你闻到他们的体臭，《傻瓜吉姆佩尔》也是他的最具标志性人物文本。
活动现场
7月4日—8月1日，是犹太历的第四个月塔姆兹月，辛格的名篇《羽冠》的结局就发作在这个月份。选在这个月份，英美文学专家陆建德在京举办了讲座，就新书《辛格自选集》与读者进行了剖析。
《辛格自选集》
辛格开始是怎样来到我国的？
二十世纪初以来，外国文学在我国发生了巨大的影响。陆建德称，辛格是在“改革开放今后，对我国的读书界、文学创造界最早发生创造力气的作者之一”。1978年《国际文学》正式复刊，辛格就出现在这榜首期上。1978年
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را تقديس كنيد و همراه من برای قربانی كردن بياييد." او به يسی و پسرانش نيز دستور داد خود را تقديس كنند و به قربانگاه بيايند.
6 وقتی پسران يسی آمدند، سموئيل چشمش به الياب افتاد و فكر كرد او همان كسی است كه خداوند برگزيده است.
7 اما خداوند به سموئيل فرمود: "به چهرهء او و بلندی قدش نگاه نكن، زيرا او آن كسی نيست كه من در نظر گرفتهام. من مثل انسان قضاوت نمیكنم. انسان به ظاهر نگاه میكند، اما من به دل."
8 پس يسی ابيناداب را نزد سموئيل خواند. خداوند فرمود: "او نيز شخص مورد نظر نيست."
9 بعد يسی شمعا را احضار نمود، اما خداوند فرمود: "اين هم آنكه من میخواهم نيست."
10 به همين ترتيب يسی هفت پسرش را احضار نمود و همه رد شدند.
سموئيل به يسی گفت: "خداوند هيچ يک از اينها را برنگزيده است. آيا تمام پسرانت اينها هستند؟"
يسی پاسخ داد: "يكی ديگر هم دارم كه از همه كوچكتر است. اما او در صحرا مشغول چرانيدن گوسفندان است."
سموئيل گفت: "فوری كسی را بفرست تا او را بياورد چون تا او نيايد ما سر سفره نخواهيم نشست."
سموئيل به يسی گفت: "خداوند هيچ يک از اينها را برنگزيده است. آيا تمام پسرانت اينها هستند؟"
يسی پاسخ داد: "يكی ديگر هم دارم كه از همه كوچكتر است. اما او در صحرا مشغول چرانيدن گوسفندان است."
سموئيل گفت: "فوری كسی را بفرست تا او را بياورد چون تا او نيايد ما سر سفره نخواهيم نشست."
12 پس يسی فرستاد و او را آوردند. او پسری شاداب و خوشقيافه بود و چشمانی زيبا داشت. خداوند فرمود: "اين همان كسی است كه من برگزيدهام. او را تدهين كن."
13 سموئيل ظرف روغن زيتون را كه با خود آورده بود برداشت و بر سر داود كه در ميان برادرانش ايستاده بود، ريخت. روح خداوند بر او نازل شد و از آن روز به بعد بر او قرار داشت. سپس سموئيل به خانهء خود در رامه بازگشت.
داود در خدمت شائول
14 روح خداوند از شائول دور شد و بجای آن روح پليد از جانب خداوند او را سخت عذاب میداد.
15 بعضی از افراد شائول به او گفتند: "اگر اجازه دهی، نوازندهای كه در نواختن چنگ ماهر باشد پيدا كنيم تا هر وقت روح پليد تو را آزار میدهد، برايت چنگ بنوازد و تو را آرامش دهد."
17 شائول گفت: "بسيار خوب، نوازندهء ماهری پيدا كنيد و نزد من بياوريد."
18 يكی از افرادش گفت: "پسر يسی بيتلحمی خيلی خوب مینوازد. در ضمن جوانی است شجاع و جنگاور. او خوشبيان و خوشقيافه است، و خداوند با او میباشد."
19 شائول قاصدانی به خانهء يسی فرستاد تا داود چوپان را نزد وی ببرند.
20 يسی يک بار الاغ نان و يک مشک شراب و يک بزغاله همراه داود نزد شائول فرستاد.
21 شائول وقتی چشمش به داود افتاد از او خوشش آمد و داود يكی از محافظان مخصوص شائول شد.
22 پس شائول برای يسی پيغام فرستاده، گفت: "بگذار داود پيش من بماند، چون از او خوشم آمده است."
23 هر وقت آن روح پليد از جانب خدا شائول را آزار میداد، داود برايش چنگ مینواخت و روح بد از او دور میشد و او احساس آرامش میكرد.
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Per informazioni dettagliate leggere la documentazione in allegato:
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【多圖黨】馬爾代夫航空A320 1800*1200محسن مخملباف مخملباف زاده نهم اردیبهشت ۱۳۳۶ در تهران کارگردان، نویسنده، تدوین گر و تهیهکننده ایرانی است. او بیش از ۲۰ فیلم بلند ساخته، برنده حدود ۵۰ جایزه شده و در بیش از ۱۵ جشنواره بزرگ فیلم به عنوان داور حضور داشته است. از فیلم های برنده جایزه او می توان به قندهار اشاره کرد. آخرین مستند او باغبان و آخرین فیلم سینمایی رئیس جمهور است.
فیلمهای مخملباف در ده سال گذشته در جشنوارههای بینالمللی حضور داشته است. کارگردان متعلق به جنبش موج نو سینمای ایران است. تایم فیلم قندهار ساخته مخملباف را در سال ۲۰۰۱ به عنوان یکی از ۱۰۰ فیلم برتر تاریخ انتخاب کرد. او در سال ۲۰۰۶ یکی از اعضای هیئت داوران جشنواره فیلم ونیز بود.
مخملباف از چهره های شاخص سینمای ایران است. فیلم های او رابطه بین فرد و یک محیط اجتماعی و سیاسی بزرگتر را بررسی کرده اند. در نتیجه، کار او به عنوان تفسیری مبسوط بر پیشرفت تاریخی دولت ایران و مردم آن عمل می کند. مخملباف در چندین ژانر، از فیلم های رئالیستی گرفته تا فانتزی و سوررئالیسم، مینیمالیسم، و نقاشی های دیواری بزرگ زندگی روزمره، با گرایش (مشترک در کارگردانان ایرانی) به مضامین کودکی و سینما، کار کرده است.
مخملباف از چهره های شاخص سینمای ایران است. فیلم های او رابطه بین فرد و یک محیط اجتماعی و سیاسی بزرگتر را بررسی کرده اند. در نتیجه، کار او به عنوان تفسیری مبسوط بر پیشرفت تاریخی دولت ایران و مردم آن عمل می کند. مخملباف در چندین ژانر، از فیلم های رئالیستی گرفته تا فانتزی و سوررئالیسم، مینیمالیسم، و نقاشی های دیواری بزرگ زندگی روزمره، با گرایش (مشترک در کارگردانان ایرانی) به مضامین کودکی و سینما، کار کرده است.
او در سال ۱۳۶۰ فیلمنامه توجیه به کارگردانی منوچهر حقانی پرست را نوشت.مخملباف در سال ۱۳۶۱ فیلمنامه مرغ دیگری به کارگردانی محمدرضا هنرمند را نوشت. او اولین فیلم خود را با نام توبه نصوح در سال ۱۳۶۲ ساخت و بایکوت، فیلمی دیگر از وی در آن سال ها بود.
مخملباف در دوچرخه سوار (۱۹۸۷)، فیلمی درباره نسیم، یک پناهجوی فقیر افغان در ایران که نیاز مبرمی به پول برای همسر بیمار خود دارد، ناامیدی، استثمار و انعطاف انسانی را به تصویر می کشد. نسیم قبول می کند در ازای پولی که برای پرداخت هزینه های پزشکی همسرش نیاز دارد، یک هفته متوالی در یک دایره کوچک دوچرخه سواری کند.
عباس کیارستمی کارگردان ایرانی در سال ۱۳۶۸ در روزنامه درباره حادثه ای خواند که در آن مردی تهرانی به نام حسین سبزیان خانواده ای را فریب داد تا او را مخملباف بدانند. کیارستمی این پرونده را در فیلم مستند ۱۹۹۰ کلوزآپ اقتباس کرد و خود مخملباف را برای حضور در صحنه پایانی فیلم به خدمت گرفت. کلوزآپ در حال حاضر به عنوان یک شاهکار سینمای جهان در نظر گرفته می شود و توسط منتقدان در لیست ۵۰ فیلم برتر تمام دوران در سال ۲۰۱۲ انتخاب شد.
زمان عشق (۱۳۷۰) نهمین فیلم بلند مخملباف و اولین فیلم از آنچه او «دوره سوم» خود می نامد است. این یک سه گانه عاشقانه است که سه نسخه از یک داستان را ارائه می دهد.
مخملباف در سال ۱۹۹۶ گبه را کارگردانی کرد. این فیلم قوم قشقایی عشایری را دنبال می کند که فرش های درخشان و پررنگ آنها داستان هایی را روایت می کند. تاپیک اصلی زن جوانی را نشان می دهد که عاشق یک غریبه مرموز است اما از ازدواج با او منع شده است. این فیلم عاشقانه و غیرواقعی است، و به نظر میرسد که رویدادها در زمان و مکان، بسیار شبیه به یک رویا، پرش میکنند.
مخملباف در سال ۱۳۷۵ از کارگردانی مرخصی گرفت و خانه فیلم مخملباف را که مدرسه ای برای فیلمسازان جوان بود، تشکیل داد. به سرعت به یک خانه تولید خصوصی برای تعداد فزاینده فیلمسازان خانواده او تبدیل شد. در سال ۱۹۹۷، سمیرا، دختر ۱۷ ساله اش، اپل را کارگردانی کرد و از او به عنوان فیلمنامه نویس و تدوینگر استفاده کرد. همسر مخملباف، مرضیه مشکینی، به عنوان دستیار کارگردان دخترش کار کرد و سپس کارگردانی خود را آغاز کرد.
قندهار (۲۰۰۱) یک اودیسه تخیلی الهام گرفته از یک داستان واقعی در افغانستان قبل از حملات ۱۱ سپتامبر است، زیرا قوانین طالبان حقوق مدنی و امید را از زنان سلب می کند و یک زن افغان با فرهنگ غربی برای جلوگیری از خودکشی خواهرش در آخرین کسوف بازگشته است. قرن بیستم.
من شاهد بودم که حدود ۲۰۰۰۰ مرد، زن و کودک در اطراف شهر هرات از گرسنگی می میرند. آنها نمی توانستند راه بروند و در انتظار چیزهای اجتناب ناپذیر روی زمین پراکنده شدند. این نتیجه قحطی اخیر بود. در همان روز کمیساریای عالی پناهندگان سازمان ملل متحد، ساداکو اوگاتای ژاپنی نیز از همین افراد دیدن کرد و قول داد که جهان به آنها کمک خواهد کرد. سه ماه بعد از رادیو ایران شنیدم که مادام اوگاتا تعداد افغانهایی که از گرسنگی میمیرند را یک میلیون نفر در سراسر کشور اعلام کرد.
من به این نتیجه رسیدم که مجسمه بودا توسط کسی تخریب نشده است. از شرم فرو ریخت از شرم جهل جهان نسبت به افغانستان. خراب شد چون می دانست که عظمتش هیچ فایده ای ندارد.
– اندام بدون بدن: بی تفاوتی جهان به تراژدی افغانستان، ۲۰ ژوئن ۲۰۰۱
منبع : ویکی پدیاThe definition of investigate is to look into something or someone in order to try to discover the truth or to piece together a sequence of events.
To study or analyze an organic material.
To probe is to explore or investigate something.
To consider and choose carefully
1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, III.4:
To cut apart or separate tissue, especially for anatomical study.
To decide or settle (a dispute, for example) conclusively and authoritatively.
To separate into components or basic elements; disintegrate.
The definition of assay is to test or survey, especially to determine the quantity of metal that a mixture has or to test a medicine.
The definition of resolve is to solve, or settle something, or to make a commitment to do something.
To break the continuity of; to disconnect; to loosen; to undo; to separate.
To separate into parts or fragments; break up; disunite
To divide (a thing) into separate parts.
To scrutinize is to look at something very closely or very carefully.
To have or show one's own understanding of the meaning of; construe
(Chem.) To produce by synthesis rather than by extraction, refinement, etc.
To gather into a group; collect
To harvest and thresh with a combine
Fuse is defined as to join together to form one, especially when joined
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تبدیل کنند. از آن جایی که حجم اطلاعات و پرسشنامه ها در رشته هایی مانند علوم اجتماعی بیشتر است، اس پی اس اس کاربرد گسترده تری در این حوزه دارد.
این نرمافزار توسط پژوهشگران بازار و شرکتهای نقشهبرداری هم استفاده میشود. این تفاوت بازار هدف نشان می دهد که قابلیت های اس پی اس اس تا چه حد می تواند زیاد باشد. برای مثال اگر شما تحقیقی در مورد میزان رضایت شهروندان از سیستم اطلاع رسانی راه و جاده بخواهید تهیه کنید می توانید پرسشنامه های استانداردی تنظیم نمایید و سپس با وارد کردن اطلاعات به دست آمده از این پرسشنامه ها در اس پی اس اس تحلیل های بسیار دقیقی انجام دهید.
زمانی که مرحله جمع آوری اطلاعات از جامعه آماری به پایان رسید کار با برنامه SPSS آغاز می شود. در مرحله تحلیل داده های پرسشنامه ها، SPSS می تواند اطلاعاتی مانند میزان رضایت نسبی یا عدم رضایت و مواردی این چنینی را به تفکیک در قالب های مختلف به شما ارائه دهد. برای مثال شما با نرم افزار SPSS می توانید خلاصه های آماری ای از اطلاعاتی خام بدست آورید که در آینده میتواند در قالب مقالات و یا گزارشاتی تخصصی در اختیار دیگران قرار گیرد.
موارد استفاده نرم افزار SPSS چیست
از این برنامه کاربردی در تمامی رشته های نظری مانند علوم انسانی و علوم اجتماعی و رشته های مرتبط با اقتصاد و حتی پزشکی و صنعت می توان استفاده کرد. گرچه بیشترین استفاده اس پی اس اس در رشته های علوم اجتماعی و انسانی است اما در سایر رشته ها نیز می تواند کاربرد خاص خود را داشته باشد. برای مثال در تحقیقات مرتبط با رشته انسانی و یا پرسشنامه هایی که برای تجزیه و تحلیل علوم اجتماعی از آن استفاده می شود کاربرد اس پی اس اس به خوبی دیده می شود.
همینطور پژوهشگران رشته های اقتصاد برای بررسی فرایند های زمانی اقتصادی و یا درک تاثیرات متقابل عوامل اقتصادی بر روی یکدیگر یا عوامل دیگر می توانند از امکانات نرم افزار spss استفاده کنند. در این برنامه شاهد هستیم که دستورات مهمی مانند رگرسیون سری زمانی و آزمون همبستگی که برای تحلیل داده ها در رشته های مرتبط با اقتصاد بسیار کاربرد دارند تعبیه شده اند. به همین خاطر بسیاری از محققان و دانشجویان برای توصیف و استنباط اطلاعات و تهیه و تنظیم دقیق ترین گزارشات اقتصادی از اس پی اس اس استفاده می کنند
به طور کلی کاربرد نرم افزار SPSS چیست
در مجموع میتوان گفت برای تهیه گراف ها جداول تحلیل های آماری و گزارش های دقیق از برنامه SPSS استفاده می کنیم این نرم افزار انواع توابع ریاضی مانند قدر مطلق لگاریتم و توابع مثلثاتی را در خود جای داده است که شما می توانید بسته به موضوع مد نظر از آن استفاده کنید. این برنامه می تواند انواع جداول سفارشی مانند جداول فراوانی تجمعی یا درصد فراوانی را برای شما ایجاد کند.
علاوه بر تکنیک های تجزیه و تحلیل و انواع طرح های آماری که این برنامه ارائه می دهد کاربردهای دیگری نیز این نرم افزار برای محققان دارد. امکان انجام آزمون های مرتبط با مقایسه میانگین بین دو یا چند جامعه مستقل و وابسته نیز از جمله قابلیت های این برنامه است. نکته ای که می بایست به آن دقت کنید این است که SPSS به شما نمیگوید که چه آزمونی برای تحلیل داده های تان مناسب است؛ اگر بخواهیم دقیقتر در این باره صحبت کنیم باید بگوییم که شما باید از این نرم افزار برای رسیدن به مقصود مورد نظر خود به طور صحیح استفاده کنید.
شما میبایست طرحی را که مورد استفاده قرار داده اید، بررسی نمایید و تعداد متغیر هایی که دستکاری کرده و یا اندازهگیری نموده اید را در نظر داشته باشید. این شما هستید که مشخص میکنید در متغیر ها به دنبال تفاوت هستید یا رابطه و نوع داده هایی که جمع آوری کرده اید برای چه هدفی به کار خواهند آمد.
به طور کلی در تحلیل داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS سه مرحله اصلی وجود دارد ابتدا شما می بایست دادههای خام خود را وارد نرم افزار کنید و آنها را در یک فایل اطلاعاتی ذخیره نمایید. سپس نوع تحلیل مورد نیاز خود را انتخاب کنید و در نهایت از گزارشی که برنامه به شما می دهد استفاده نمایید.
از چه نسخه ای از نرم افزار اس پی اس اس برای کار خود استفاده کنیم؟
نسخه های زیادی از نرم افزار SPSS در محیط ویندوز تا امروز منتشر شده است اما توجه داشته باشید که اصول علم آمار ثابت است به همین خاطر نباید انتظار داشت که در نگارش های متفاوت این برنامه اتفاق بسیار متفاوتی نسبت به نسخه های قبلی بیفتد. اجازه بدهید با یک مثال این موضوع را مشخص تر کنیم؛
شما با نسخه ۲۰۰۳ نرم افزاری مانند Word می توانید یک مقاله را تایپ کنید و جداول خود را بکشید و سند را آماده چاپ نمایید. اما در نسخه جدید این برنامه علاوه بر کارهایی که قبلاً میتوانستید انجام دهید ویژگی های جذاب دیگری را هم شاهد هستیم که البته روی کلیت کار تأثیر زیادی نمی گذارد. شما با نسخه قدیمی ورد همان کاری را می توانید انجام دهید که در نسخه جدید، البته با اندکی تفاوت؛ این به این خاطر است که اصل کاری که در این برنامه انجام میشود در طی این سالها یکسان بوده، همین اتفاق در نرم افزاری مانند اس پی اس اس هم می افتد.
از نسخه SPSS ۱۶ به بعد خروجی هایی که از این برنامه گرفته می شود تفاوت چندانی نکرده است. البته محیط کاربری بسیار زیباتر شده و گزینه ها و قابلیت هایی نیز به این برنامه اضافه شده است. طبق تجربه، بهتر است اگر امکان نصب آخرین نسخه از برنامه را دارید این کار را انجام دهید؛ مگر اینکه به دلیل قدیمی بودن سخت افزار سیستم قادر به نصب جدیدترین نسخه از نرم افزار نباشید که در این صورت هم جای نگرانی نیست و می توانید از نسخه های قدیمی تر استفاده نمایید.استفاده از موسیقی در رویداد های ورزشی روشی است که هزاران سال قدمت دارد ، اما اخیراً به عنوان یک پدیده مورد توجه تجدید حیات پيدا كرده. برخی از ورزش ها سنت های خاصی در رابطه با قطعات موسیقی دارند که در فواصل زمانی خاص پخش می شوند. دیگران ارائه موسیقی را برای تیم بسیار خاص کرده اند – حتی برای بازیکنان خاص. موسیقی ممکن است برای ایجاد انرژی طرفداران مورد استفاده قرار گیرد، و همچنین ممکن است موسیقی به روش هایی معرفی شود که کمتر به طور مستقیم با کنش در یک رویداد ورزشی مرتبط باشد.
وقتی نوبت به ویرایش موسیقی برای مونتاژ ویدیو های ورزشی می رسد، ساده ترین کار این است که ویدیو را به سه قسمت اصلی تقسیم کنید. به عنوان مثال، تقدیم به تک تک بازیکنان و سپس انتخاب موسیقی ورزشی برای همراهی با بردهای فردی آنها، سپس البته موسیقی خوب، هم تهاجمی و هم دفاعی را پخش می کند. همچنین میتوانید لحظاتی از مصاحبهها، یا طرفداران (یا اعضای خانواده) در حال تماشای بازی، صحنههای صحبت مربیان با بازیکنان، تشویقکنندگان و بازیهای اکشن متفرقه که خاطرهانگیز بود را با هم ترکیب کنید.
به طور طبیعی، پسزمینه ورزشی برای کل بخش اجرا نمیشود، زیرا باید لحظاتی وجود داشته باشد که فقط گوینده (یا راوی) صحبت میکند و فقط نمایش غیر ضروری برجسته میشود. با این حال، موسیقی چیزی است که بازی را تکمیل می کند و واقعاً به مردم کمک می کند تا وارد بازی و احساسات لحظه ای شوند.
موسیقی برای اخبار ورزشی، مانند لیگ های بزرگ ، در طول زمان تغییر کرده است. در دهه 1960 موضوع اخبار ورزشی شبکه سبک گروه موسیقی راهپیمایی بود و در دهه 1970 آنها به استفاده از چندین آهنگ محبوب روز از تم تب شنبه شب تا موضوع جنگ ستارگان توسط جان ویلیامز روی آوردند. در دهه 1980، آهنگی به سبک سرحال و هیاهویی برای تم ورزشی استفاده شد و با پایان دهه 80 و رسیدن به دهه 90، موسیقی متن فیلم غم انگیزتر و تقریباً جازی ایجاد شد. در دوره 2000، از نمرات تندتر و سنگین تر استفاده شد.
موسیقی در ورزش حتی در جهان ساختگی رایج تر است. صحنه بزرگ بازی در ژانر فیلم های ورزشی تقریباً همیشه دارای موسیقی پس زمینه است. شما ممکن است “آن را نشنیده باشید” اما آن را احساس کنید – در لحظه و در بازی پایانی گم شده اید به طوری که زیر خط دراماتیک قابل توجه نیست. اما وقتی تیم گل می زند و در بازی بزرگ پیروز می شود، آن وقت است که آکوردهای باشکوه پیروزی را می شنوید.iRecordMax Sound Recorder Windows için tasarlanmış bir ses kaydetme programıdır.
iRecordMax Sound Recorder wav/wma/ogg veya mp3 formatlarında ses notları, mesajları ve duyuruları hızlı ve kolay bir şekilde kaydetmenizi sağlıyor. Dakikalar içinde kayıta başlayabilir, kaydedip yeniden oynatabilirsiniz. Aynı zamanda ses kaydınızı edit edebilirsiniz. Güçlendirme +/-, fade in/aout , normalleştirme, sessizlik ekleme veb. özellikler bunlara örnektir.Today, Kashmiris around the world are observing the 74th anniversary of the Resolution adopted by the United Nations Commission for India and Pakistan (UNCIP), providing that the Jammu and Kashmir dispute would be decided through the democratic method of a free and impartial plebiscite under the UN auspices.
In essence, it was a reaffirmation of the inalienable right of Kashmiris to self-determination which is enshrined in international law and upheld by international human rights instruments. Regrettably, the oppressed people of Indian Illegally Occupied Jammu and Kashmir (IIOJK) have not been able to exercise this right. India continues to oppress the Kashmiris to break their will with massive human rights abuses.
Since 5 August 2019, it is engaged in a vicious exercise of altering the demographic structure of IIOJK to turn Kashmiris into a minority in their own land. The UN General Assembly annually adopts a resolution on "Universal Realization of the Right of the People to Self-Determination" that draws international attention towards the plight and rights of people living under situations of forced occupation.
The international community, especially the United Nations, bears the responsibility to ensure the fulfillment of this promise and support the people of IIOJK in exercising their inalienable right to self-determination. For its part, Pakistan will continue to extend its full political, diplomatic and moral support to the valiant Kashmiri people in their just struggle for dignity and rights including their inalienable right to self-determination, in accordance with the relevant resolutions of the United Nations Security Council.- 此活动已通过。
提高Goto Berlin 2018的组织敏捷性
2018年10月29日 - 2018年10月30日
了解如何在整个组织中申请Agile以开发合适的产品，以更好的质量提供更快的方式，并改善Goto Berlin 2018的组织敏捷性！
许多组织正在经历敏捷的转变。他们正在实施Scrum或Kanban，并使用精益，安全，较少或爸爸的大规模敏捷框架，希望能够更好地满足业务的需求，并开发满足客户需求的产品。不幸的是，这些转变并不总是达到提供更好产品的敏捷承诺，更快地以较低的成本。
如果您的组织是
- 难以调整自己以缩短交货时间
- 拥有质量问题的产品，正在损失客户
- 做一个敏捷/ scrum / kanban转换，但没有看到预期的好处
- 无法删除阻止交叉组织协作的障碍
- 试图采取敏捷，但发现很难改变文化和心态
- 寻找更有效地应用敏捷实践的方法，需要帮助
- 无法改善小而有意义的步骤
- 在敏捷之旅，但不确定下一个地方或者是最好的事情
那么这是你的研讨会！
提高组织敏捷性并不容易。但这是可以完成的！
改善组织敏捷性
在研讨会上 改善组织敏捷性 您将体验您的组织如何变得更加敏捷：
- 练习如何创建一个使团队和授权他们申请敏捷实践的环境。
- 学习在整个组织中建立敏捷心态的方法。
- 创建一个支持合作的文化，并激励人们共同努力，以创造高质量的产品和服务。
该研讨会装载了例子和建议，以帮助您变得更加敏捷和精益。
观众
该研讨会适用于：
- 敏捷和精益教练
- 敏捷顾问和变更经理
- 任何支持敏捷转型团队的人
- 技术（团队）领导和Scrum Masters
- 产品所有者和项目/线路经理
本研讨会的实践将有助于您有效地应用敏捷方法和框架来增加组织敏捷性。
结果
你会离开这个研讨会：
- 练习如何评估您的敏捷性，敏捷自我评估，了解您的表现如何
- 学习有效的方式来旅行敏捷之旅，了解您需要做的事情
- 获得提高团队与利益相关者之间的合作和沟通并分解障碍的想法
- 学习提示和技巧以扩展和扩展整个组织工作的敏捷方式
- 获取有效选择和应用敏捷和精益实践的建议
关于事件
Goto会议是一个为开发人员，团队领导，建筑师和项目经理设计的软件开发会议，并组织“对于开发人员的开发人员”。作为软件开发人员和建筑师，我们希望营造出良好的社会和学习体验。
我们有讲习班，您可以到达一整天’S培训，每个人都领先我们的着名扬声器。更高质量的培训课程很难找到！您参加了真正专家的实践学习会议。
即将到来的讲习班
了解如何运行远程回顾，练习涉及每个人的在线练习，并在3月25日促进遥远回顾的车间中，深入了解促进远程回顾的发动术安全。3月25日，2021年下午1:00 - 5:00 PM CET. 在 在线的
了解如何使用敏捷实践开发更好的产品来了解您的客户，迭代地发展，以更好的质量提供更快的速度，并在2021年3月29日至30日获得宝贵的反馈！2021年3月28日 - 3月30日，2021年3月30日 在 在线的
一个互动的在线研讨会，您可以在那里练习解决问题的技能，并学习如何处理敏捷障碍。 2021年3月31日加入我，以敏捷思维和实践解决实时在线研讨会问题。3月31日，2021 @ @ 12:00 PM - 4:00 PM c 在 在线的
一个互动的在线研讨会，您将学习如何使用Gamification评估您的敏捷性，并参加您的敏捷之旅的下一步：4月1日加入我这个实时在线研讨会。为期一整天的研讨会€450。早鸟直到2月28日：€350。这次研讨会是3月2021年3月的一部分......4月1日，2021年12:00 PM c
了解您的敏捷回顾性的新练习，了解如何创建安全环境，并提高工作坊的促进技巧，为2020年3月25日的Devopscon Singapore的团队队伍中有价值的敏捷回顾！2021年8月31日 在 Suntec新加坡TSK'ya yeni güç! Hedefi böyle vurdu
Cumhurbaşkanlığı Savunma Sanayii Başkanı İsmail Demir, sosyal medya hesabından hava savunma sanayinin yeni üyesi Sungur'u paylaştı. Demir paylaşımında şu ifadelere yer verdi: Güvenlik kuvvetlerimizin kabiliyetlerini artırmak için sürpriz bir güç! Başkanlığımız öncülüğünde, Roketsanın yerli savunma sanayii paydaşlarıyla birlikte geliştirdiği hava savunma ailemizin yeni üyesi #SUNGUR, başarılı atışlı testler sonrası envantere girmeye hazır!Look up at the sky Friday night, and you'll see a moon so rare, it lives up to that old saying.
Okay, so you won't actually see a blue moon Friday night — more like a whitish-gray one.
Still, it's pretty rare. If you miss this year's, you won't see another until January 2018. While each month usually has only one full moon, a blue moon is a second, sneaking its way in.
The cause is really just the difference between the lunar calendar and the solar one that months are based on.
And while Friday's moon may not necessarily be blue, NASA says moons can actually appear blue.
That's about the same size as red light on the electromagnetic spectrum, making the ash particles perfect for scattering red light and letting blue and green reach our eyes.
Something similar happens when the moon sits low on the horizon, only in this case, the moon looks red.
Just like volcanoes or forest fires, other particles in the air can also affect the color. Except in this case, those particles match the size of the wavelength of blue light and filter it out.
Be sure to check out the "blue moon" on Friday — even if it is white. You won't see something like this again for two and a half years.
This video includes images via Daniel / CC BY NC ND 2.0, Luis Vásquez / CC BY NC ND 2.0, Carl Jones / CC BY NC 2.0, davidsancar / CC BY 2.0 and David Yu / CC BY NC ND 2.0 and music from Revolution Void / CC BY 3.0.If history is any guide, voter turnout for America’s upcoming mid-term elections will be disappointingly low. Whatever the reason — people don’t know there’s an election, they’re disenfranchised, or just too busy to vote — it’s still not an indictment of democracy as a whole.
Despite a few problems, democracy is still the best system we have for making important decisions that affect a lot of people. But does democracy have any practical place in the business world? Does it have any real-world applications for large enterprises? Or is democracy antithetical in this world of autocratic, top-down corporate decision-making?
Let’s vote on that to find out.
The downside of democracy.
As the ancient Athenians first practiced it, democracy was all about giving political power (and responsibility) to the people themselves. Now that may sound good on paper, but getting everybody together at the same time to vote on every single issue was a huge effort. Democracy just wasn’t a super-efficient system for making critical, time-sensitive decisions when it was first invented. It is, however, a very fair system and, for a lot of the decisions that enterprises need to make, it’s pretty effective.
Management can make all of
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The amendment affirmed that
the Legislature had authority to define marriage as a relationship between one man and one
In 1999, the House Majority Leader introduced a bill (HB 884)
to establish a comprehensive domestic partnership act. The bill would have applied equally
to same-sex and unmarried heterosexual couples, giving them all benefits and obligations
normally given to "spouses," "family members," and
"dependents." The President of the Senate introduced a bill (SB 1315) to amend
the reciprocal beneficiary law to limit it to same-sex couples and to make blood relatives
ineligible to participate. Know that the constitutional amendment would preventing the
Supreme Court from legalizing same-sex marriage, legislators had no incentive for any
legislation action this session and therefore neither of these bills made any headway.
Having had the case under submission for over two years, the
Hawaii Supreme Court issued its decision in Baehr v. Miike in November 1999. In
view of the passage of the constitutional amendment, the court dismissed the case as moot.
Same-sex marriage would not be legalized in Hawaii by the judiciary.
The eyes of the nation and world then turned to Vermont where
a same-sex marriage case was pending. That court issued its decision in Baker v. State
on December 20, 1999. The court ruled that it was unconstitutional to deny same-sex
couples the benefits and protections of marriage. It gave the Legislature a reasonable
amount of time to devise a remedy to cure the constitutional defect. The court suggested
that a comprehensive domestic partnership act, such as that originally proposed by the
Hawaii Commission on Sexual Orientation and the Law, might be an adequate remedy.
Some of the materials presented to the Hawaii Legislature,
particularly those dealing with domestic partnership, are contained in this booklet. The
Vermont Legislature may find them useful as it considers various legislative options in
response to the decision in Baker.
Note: The Reciprocal Beneficiary Act expired in
1999 and was not reenacted or extended by the Hawaii Legislature.Ramazan ayında oruç tutmanın sağlığa zararlı bir etkisi olacağından mı endişeleniyorsunuz? Tam aksine oruç tutmak hem beden hem de ruh sağlığına çok olumlu katkılar sağlıyor. İşte Ramazan’da oruç tutmanın sağlığa şaşırtıcı 7 faydası…
Bin yıldan fazla bir süredir dünya çapında milyonlarca insan Ramazan'ın manevi temizliğini başarıyla gözlemlese de, bazı insanlar bu kadar uzun bir süre boyunca oruç tutmanın sağlıkları üzerinde zararlı etkileri olacağından korkuyorlar. Bunun için endişelenenlerden biriyseniz, Ramazan boyunca ve sonrasında yararlanacağınız bu 7 sağlık yararına göz atın.
Harika zamanlama
Ramazan boyunca her gün iftarın başlangıcında manevi nedenlerle üç hurma yense de, aynı zamanda çoklu sağlık yararları da ekleniyor. Oruç tutmanın en önemli yönlerinden biri doğru miktarda enerji elde etmektir ve ortalama bir hurma porsiyonunun 31 gram (1 oz'dan biraz fazla) karbonhidrat içerdiğini düşünürsek, bu size destek vermek için mükemmel yiyeceklerden biridir.
Hurma ayrıca, Ramazan boyunca sindirime yardımcı olacak ve onu iyileştirecek, çok ihtiyaç duyulan lifi almanın harika bir yoludur. Buna yüksek seviyelerde potasyum, magnezyum ve B vitaminleri ekleyin ve hurmaların en sağlıklı meyvelerden biri olduğu hemen ortaya çıkıyor.
Beyninizi Güçlendirin
Oruç tutmanın zihinsel sağlığınız ve ruhsal odaklanmanız üzerindeki olumlu etkilerinin şüphesiz farkında olacaksınız, ancak Ramazan'ın beyni güçlendiren güçleri düşündüğünüzden çok daha önemli. ABD'de bilim adamları tarafından yapılan bir araştırma, Ramazan ayında elde edilen zihinsel odaklanmanın, vücudun daha fazla beyin hücresi üretmesine neden olan beyin kaynaklı nörotrofik faktörün seviyesini artırdığını ve böylece beyin fonksiyonlarını iyileştirdiğini buldu.
Aynı şekilde, böbrek üstü bezi tarafından üretilen kortizol hormonunun miktarında belirgin bir azalma, hem Ramazan ayında hem de sonrasında stres seviyelerinin büyük ölçüde azaldığı anlamına gelir.
Kötü Alışkanlıkları Bırakma
Gün boyunca oruç tutacağınız için, Ramazan, kötü alışkanlıklarınızı iyilik için terk etmek için mükemmel bir zamandır. Sigara ve şekerli yiyecekler gibi kötü alışkanlıklar Ramazan'da başlanmamalıdır ve bunlardan kaçındıkça, bağımlılığınız tamamen ortadan kalkana kadar vücudunuz yavaş yavaş yokluğuna alışacaktır.
Ayrıca, Ramazan'da bulunması kolay olması gereken bir grup içinde yaptığınızda alışkanlıklardan vazgeçmek çok daha kolay. Oruç tutmanın kötü alışkanlıklardan kurtulmanıza yardımcı olma yeteneği o kadar önemlidir ki, Birleşik Krallık Ulusal Sağlık Servisi bunu sigarayı bırakmak için ideal bir zaman olarak önermektedir.
Düşük Kolesterol
Kilo vermenin Ramazan ayında oruç tutmanın olası fiziksel sonuçlarından biri olduğunu hepimiz biliyoruz, ancak perde arkasında bir dizi sağlıklı değişiklik de oluyor. BAE'deki bir kardiyolog ekibi, Ramazan'ı gözlemleyen insanların lipid profilleri üzerinde olumlu bir etkiye sahip olduğunu, bunun da kandaki kolesterolün düştüğü anlamına geldiğini buldu.
Düşük kolesterol, kardiyovasküler sağlığı artırarak kalp hastalığı, kalp krizi veya felç geçirme riskini büyük ölçüde azaltır. Dahası, Ramazan'dan sonra sağlıklı bir diyet uygularsanız, bu yeni düşürülmüş kolesterol seviyesinin bakımı kolay olacaktır.
Kalıcı İştah Azalması
Aşırı moda diyetlerle ilgili temel sorunlardan biri, kaybedilen herhangi bir kilonun, bazen biraz fazladan eklenmiş olsa bile, genellikle hızlı bir şekilde geri alınmasıdır. Ramazan'da durum böyle değil. Oruç boyunca tüketilen yiyeceklerdeki azalma, midenizin yavaş yavaş küçülmesine neden olur, bu da kendinizi tok hissetmek için daha az yemek yemeniz gerektiği anlamına gelir.
Sağlıklı beslenme alışkanlığı kazanmak istiyorsanız, Ramazan başlamak için harika bir zaman. Bittiğinde iştahınız eskisinden daha az olacak ve yemeğinizi aşırıya kaçma olasılığınız çok daha düşük olacak.
Toksinlerden Arındırmak
Ramazan, kendinizi ruhsal olarak arındırmak için harika olmasının yanı sıra vücudunuz için harika bir detoks görevi görür. Gün boyunca yemek yememek veya içmemek, vücudunuza ay boyunca sindirim sisteminizi detoksifiye etmek için ender bir şans sunacaktır.
Vücudunuz enerji oluşturmak için yağ rezervlerini yemeye başladığında, yağ birikintilerinde bulunabilecek zararlı toksinleri de yakacaktır. Bu vücut temizliği, geride sağlıklı bir boş sayfa bırakacak ve sürekli olarak sağlıklı bir yaşam tarzı için mükemmel bir basamak taşıdır.
Daha Fazla Besin Emer
Ramazan boyunca gün boyunca yemek yemeyerek metabolizmanızın daha verimli hale geldiğini, yani besinlerden aldığınız besin miktarının arttığını göreceksiniz. Bunun nedeni, oruç tutma ve gece geç saatlerde yemek yeme kombinasyonu ile üretilen ve kaslarınızın daha fazla besin emmesini sağlayan adiponektin adı verilen bir hormondaki artıştır.
Bu, vücudun her yerinde sağlık yararlarına yol açacaktır, çünkü çeşitli alanlar, işlev görmeleri için ihtiyaç duydukları besinleri daha iyi emebilir ve kullanabilir.
S. Maria C. V., 10 Ottobre.
Maciste contro il Vampiro! Che c'entra questo polpettone della filmografia
finto-mitologica italiana degli anni '60 con tre musicisti degli Avion Travel?
C'entra eccome! Fausto Mesolella è, infatti, un accanito fan del
forzuto eroe in minigonna e sandali (possiede tutti e venti i film realizzati
su Maciste). Già in un frammento de "I Piaceri dell'Orso" ne faceva
una citazione. E' stato facile, allora, coinvolgere Mimì Ciaramella ai
tamburi e Vittorio Remino al basso per questa operazione.
I "movie-concert", ovvero film privati del sonoro e commentati con
musica eseguita dal vivo, sono una formula non nuova, ma assolutamente
intrigante, soprattutto per un b-movie di culto come quello in questione.
L'operazione - affatto oleografica - è perfettamente riuscita. Uno dei figli
minori del cinema italiano (diretto da Sergio Corbucci e Duccio Tessari nel
1961), pur apparendo poco più di un cartone animato agli occhi di uno
spettatore odierno, vive una nuova vita attraverso le sapienti cure del Trio
Maciste. Il commento musicale ha retrocesso in secondo piano i pettorali
fuori misura di Gordon Scott (il protagonista), le scenografie di cartapesta e
gli ingenui effetti analogici. Una pur vacua sceneggiatura, vitaminizzata dalle
ispirate incursioni musicali, ha in ogni modo alimentato il sogno e la
meraviglia negli spettatori del teatro Garibaldi, così come doveva accadere
quarantacinque anni fa. Solo alcuni temi musicali erano riconoscibili come
tali. L'introduzione in forma di bolero con chitarra sfacciatamente "morriconiana",
viene più volte ripetuta durante la performance. Alcuni vaghi accenni a Champs,
Chet Atkins e Jimi Hendrix si sono inseriti in una situazione totalmente
improvvisata ma carica di pathos. Le dinamiche musicali hanno sottolineato
onomatopeicamente le immagini: forti esagerati quando era il momento delle
"mazzate", piani delicati nelle scene "zuccherose",
pianissimi drammatici nelle scene "de paura".
Uno spettacolo piacevole anche se assolutamente fuori del comune. Dopo la
prima, tenuta in agosto a Forlì per la rassegna Piazza d'Estate, la replica è
per la città di S. Maria Capua Vetere.
Consulta il programma completo di Il
Nuovo Apetto 2006 fatti strani, attorno a noi
彩神争8
真理子的老家在日本静冈县。在周围人的眼中，她是一个聪明、漂亮的女生，长得很像日本女星安田成美。再加上她读书时期成绩优异，还喜欢运动，是同学们公认的“女神”。
文静对刘某很上心，不仅认真了解刘某的基本情况，对其也随时嘘寒问暖。两人互换了照片，不时视频聊天。面对如此知冷知热的女性朋友，刘某动了心，很快确定了恋爱关系。
· 菅义伟（右一）当选议员，真理子激动得落泪（红色箭头所指者）。
2012年，菅义伟被任命为内阁官房长官。因身居要职，他回家的时间就更少了，照顾3个孩子、操持家务等事情完全落在了真理子的身上。她经常到菅义伟的宿舍收拾房间、洗衣服，走之前还要帮丈夫把未来几天的西服和领带搭配好。
1979年，在议员小此木彦三郎的主持下，菅义伟与真理子结婚了。婚后，他们住在仅有十几平米的老房子里。
真理子比菅义伟小5岁，之前有过一次婚姻。但菅义伟并不理会那些，只想和真理子在一起。
真理子为菅义伟和家庭辛苦付出几十年，全是因为相信丈夫。她曾对媒体表示：“我相信他一定能成为成功的政治家。”
刘某很享受这段恋情，但是静儿似乎常常生病，并向刘某要钱，几百上千。静儿也会不时喜欢上一些衣服，希望刘某能够为其购买。因为工作原因不能经常在一起，刘某毫不犹豫地一一答应了。
秘书们都很喜欢这位平易近人的议员夫人，为菅义伟工作时自然卖力气。
网恋半年 女友常生病并开口要钱Dawn Summers
Dawn, Buffy'nin aslında kardeşi değil keşişler tarafından insana dönüştürülen ve boyutları birleştirip hepsini bir araya getiren bir anahtardır. Zamanında Glory tarafından çok aranmıştır. Glory en anahtarı en son gördüğünde yeşil bir enerji topu halindeymiş.
Keşişler, anahtara bir insan şekli vererek Buffy'ye onun kardeşi(Dawn) olarak yollamışlar ve Dawn da dahil olmak üzere onunla ortak geçmişi olan herkese sihirle anılar yaratmışlardır. Başta bunu kimse bilmese Buffy transa geçtiğinde Dawn'ın insan olmadığını anlar. Daha sonra keşişlerden biri Buffy'ye Dawn'ın anahtar oluduğunu söyler. Başta sadece Giles ile Buffy bunu bilirken Scooby Gang çok soru sormaya başlayınca Buffy onlara anlatır. Dawn'da sonradan Scooby Gang konuşurken onları gizlice dinlemiş ve anahtar olduğunu öğrenmiştir.
Dawn bir anahtar olduğunu öğrendiğinde, önce çok etkilenmiş, günlüklerini yakmış (günlüklerinin tamamen saçmalık olduğunu düşünmüştür) hatta insan bile olmadığını, yaşamasının anlamsız olduğunu düşünmüştür. Fakat sonra, bu duruma uyum sağlayıp hayatına kaldığı yerden devam edebilmiştir. Glory onun anahtar olduğunu Tara aracılığı ile öğrenmiştir. Öğrendiği gibi Dawn un peşine düşen Glory onu yakalamış, ayin için hazırlamıştır. Gift adlı bölümde Glory zaferine ulaşamadan Buffy tarafından ölesiye dövülmüştür. Buffy onu son anda öldürmekten vazgeçsede Giles Buffy başarılı olup kıyameti durdursa ve Dawn'u kurtarsa bile glory bunun bedelini hepimize ödetecektir. Bu denli bir riski göze alamayız' demiştir. Glory öldürülsede onun yardımcısı Doc, Dawn'ın kanıyla boyut kapısını açmış, boyutlar birleşmeye başlamıştır. Dawn başta bunu durdurmak için enerjinin içine atlamayı denesede buffy onu bırakmamış, onun yerine kendisi atlamıştır.
Altıncı sezonda Dawn anahtar olsa da normal bir kız gibi çeşitli sorunlarla uğraşmaya başlamıştır. Önce annesinin ve sonrada Buffy'nin ölümünden etkilenmiş, birçok sorun yaşamaya başlamıştır. Bu arada çeşitli küçük hırsızlıklar yapmıştır. Bunların çoğu MagicBox'tan dır. Hoşlandığı bir erkek vampir çıkmış ,Sweet adlı bir iblis yanlış anlamadan dolyı ondan kraliçesi olmasını istemiştir...Buffy'ye birçok bela getirmiştir. 8. sezonda(çizgiroman) oda Willow gibi bir eşcinsel olmuştur.
|Resim||Adı||Oynayan||Yaşı (2003 yılında)||Mesleği||Geldiği Yer||Süpergüç(ler)|
|Buffy Summers||Sarah Michelle Gellar||23||Öğrenci/Üniversite||Sunnydale, Kaliforniya||Avcı|
|Willow Rosenberg||Alyson Hannigan||23||Öğrenci/Üniversite||Sunnydale, Kaliforniya||Cadı|
|Xander Harris||Nicholas Brendon||23||Marangoz||Sunnydale, Kaliforniya||Yok.|
|Rupert Giles||Anthony Stewart Head||49||Kütüphaneci||Sunnydale, Kaliforniya||Gözetmen.|
|Tara Maclay||Amber Benson||21||Öğrenci.||Sunnydale, Kaliforniya||Cadı.|
|Anya Jenkins||Emma Caulfield||1120||Kasiyer||Sunnydale, Kaliforniya||Eski iblis|
|Daniel "Oz" Osbourne||Seth Green||23||Gitarist||Sunnydale'den ayrıldı.||Kurtadam|
|Spike||James Marsters||254||Eskiden şair||Sunnydale, Kaliforniya||Vampir|
|Angel||David Boreanaz||270||Eskiden tüccar||Sunnydale'den ayrıldı.||Vampir|
|Dawn Summers||Michelle Trachtenberg||17||Öğrenci||Sunnydale, Kaliforniya||Anahtar|
|Kurgusal karakter ya da kurgusal kavramlar ile ilgili bu madde bir taslaktır. Madde içeriğini genişleterek Vikipedi'ye katkıda bulunabilirsiniz.|
|Buffy the Vampire Slayer ile ilgili bu madde bir taslaktır. Madde içeriğini genişleterek Vikipedi'ye katkıda bulunabilirsiniz.|Tradotto dall'edizione originale inglese, consiste di due parti. La prima, direttamente legata alla pratica clinica, si incentra sulla diagnosi e sulla risoluzione dei problemi in campo andrologico, offrendo dunque al medico l'informazione più adeguata su argomenti come: l'infertilità maschile, disfunzioni dell'eiaculazione, dell'erezione e della libido, tumori e infezioni dell'apparato genitale maschile, le frontiere della contraccezione maschile, l'invecchiamento nell'uomo. La seconda parte contiene invece informazioni scientifiche più dettagliate e approfondite che completano gli argomenti precedentemente trattati, e ne descrivono i meccanismi fisiopatologici e gli strumenti diagnostico-terapeutici più innovativi.Scemo più scemo Iniziò così è un film commedia americano del 2003 con la regia di Troy Miller e gli attori Eric Christian Olsen, Derek Richardson, Rachel Nichols. Il film riprende la storia di Scemo e più scemo diversi anni prima del primo capitolo raccontando come sia nata l’amicizia tra lo scemo Harry e l’ancora più scemo Lloyd. Fecero fallire una truffa organizzata dal preside che prendeva soldi dai finanziamenti alle classi speciali.فرنی
یک قاشق آرد گندم یا نشاسته گندم طبیعی را در چند قاشق آب سرد بریزند و کمکم شیر را به آن اضافه کنند و مرتباً هم بزنند تا شیر صد مثقال شود آن را با آتش ملایم بجوشانند و
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8,449 | 6 | 3 |
bir çeşit vampire inanıyorlardı.Bu yaratık insan başına sahipti ama bütün organları dışarıdaydı. Ve diğer insanların, özellikle de küçük kurbanlarının kanını içerek yaşardı.
Tanınmış vampir yazarı Montague Summers'ın 1928'de yazılmış ve bir klasik olan "Vampir - akrabaları ve Yakınları” nda, İspanyol gezginlerin gelişinden önce vampirlerin Meksika'da yaşamış olabilecekleri söylenir. Ayrıca Arabistan'ın da vampirden haberdar olduğunu yazmıştır. Agul diye hitab edilen "Arap Geceleri Hikayeleri"nde vampir benzeri yaratıklar olduğunu yazmıştır; bu insan eti yiyen bir hortlaktır.
Temeli ruhlara dayalı olan Afrika inançlarında da vampir efsanesine dair işaretler vardır. Caffre kabilesi bir ölünün tekrar geri dönebileceğine ve bir canlının kanıyla yaşayabileceği inancını benimsemiştir.
Bir çok vampir hikayesinin olduğu eski Peru'da ,genç birinin kanının içilerek şeytanın müritlerinden biri olunacağına inanılırdı.
Çok eskilere dayanan ölüm korkusu, büyü, hayat veren kan gibi olgular egzotik diyarlardan ve eski çağlardan günümüze kadar gelmiştir. Bugün ise vampirlerin evrimi hala sürmektedir.Canaloplasty (pronounced Kah-NAL-oh-plas-tee) is a new glaucoma treatment that gives many people with this potentially blinding condition the hope of saving the vision they have. Canaloplasty can reduce pressure in the eye (IOP) by nearly 40%, and many glaucoma patients who have had Canaloplasty no longer need medications.
If you are not familiar with Canaloplasty, you might want to visit this post first: “What is Canaloplasty?“
Supplement to Canaloplasty: The Keys to Optimizing Patients’ Outcomes
November 2011 | Sponsored by iScience Interventional
INSERT TO GLAUCOMA TODAY AND CATARACT & REFRACTIVE SURGERY TODAY I NOVEMBER 2011
Canaloplasty: The Keys to Optimizing Patients’ Outcomes
The introduction of canaloplasty into the glaucoma surgical armamentarium was motivated by the desire of clinicians to enhance the quality of patients’ glaucoma care. Patients’ long-term adherence to topical glaucoma medical therapy is well known to be relatively poor. Laser therapy offers a safe alternative to medical therapy but often still requires the addition of topical medication. Traditionally, glaucoma filtration surgery has been reserved for more advanced, uncontrolled glaucoma for obvious reasons. Despite its definite role in glaucoma care, patients undergoing standard trabeculectomy are at significant risk for the development of postoperative infection, cataract, hypotony, bleb dysesthesia, astigmatism, and decreased visual acuity. These potential complications have driven surgeons to pursue surgical alternatives. Canaloplasty is a well-established procedure that has, for the past 3 years, demonstrated impressive efficacy and safety in peer-reviewed prospective studies. Despite growing evidence of its value and increasing performance of the procedure by ophthalmologists all over the world, misconceptions regarding its long-term efficacy as well as challenges in its adoption, surgical technique, and patient selection persist. Several experienced and leading surgeons share their experiences and pearls for optimizing success with canaloplasty.
— Steven D. Vold, MD
Steven D. Vold, MD, (moderator) is in private practice with Vold Vision in Bentonville, Arkansas. He is a consultant to and clinical investigator for iScience Interventional. Dr. Vold may be reached at (479) 246-1700; [email protected].
Howard Barnebey, MD, is medical director and CEO of Specialty Eyecare Centres in Seattle. He is medical advisor for iScience Interventional. Dr. Barnebey may be reached at (206) 621-8407; [email protected].
Michael Morgan, MD, is the chairman of the Department of Ophthalmology at Ochsner Clinic Foundation in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, and an associate faculty member of the Louisiana State University Medical Science Center’s Department of Ophthalmology. He acknowledged no financial interest in the products or companies mentioned herein. Dr. Morgan may be reached at (225) 761-5400; [email protected].
David Richardson, MD, is the medical director of San Gabriel Valley Eye Associates, Inc., in San Gabriel, California. He is a consultant to iScience Interventional. Dr. Richardson may be reached at (626) 289-7856; [email protected].
Steven R. Sarkisian Jr, MD, is the director of the glaucoma fellowship at The Dean A. McGee Eye Institute and a clinical associate professor of ophthalmology at the University of Oklahoma in Oklahoma City. He is a consultant to and clinical investigator for iScience Interventional. Dr. Sarkisian may be reached at (405) 271- 1093; [email protected].
Canaloplasty: The Keys to Optimizing Patients’ Outcomes
Please briefly describe your early experience with and approach to adopting canaloplasty.
Dr. Richardson: I was comfortable with the basic elements of the procedure after performing about a 1/2 dozen cases. As with any surgery, however, there are skills that cannot be mastered until the steps become nearly habitual. Essential to the development of any habit or skill is repetition within a short time frame. A key reason I became comfortable with canaloplasty early on is I grouped my first dozen cases over just a few months so I did not have to “relearn” the procedure with each scheduled canaloplasty. Also worth mentioning is the clinical education offered by iScience is unprecedented in terms of the wet lab preparation, in-surgery and in-person support, and the postoperative telephone support. Support from iScience gets you past the initially steep learning curve. After that, it is easy to discuss cases with multiple canaloplasty surgeons around the United States who are all eager to share their experiences. Once you master canaloplasty, you tend to get excited about sharing this procedure, so the support from more experienced surgeons is always readily available.
Dr. Morgan: In order to successfully adopt canaloplasty, I studied the principles of deep sclerectomy very intensely by watching videos and strictly adhering to the following guidelines:
• Find the correct depth at the apex of the deep dissection by cutting right down to the ciliary body. You can do this safely by slowly working your way down with the supersharp blade until the ciliary body is encountered.
• Once the correct depth has been found, back up a few fibers and advance. This is the correct plane to access Schlemm canal.
• Stay in the same plane, especially when you approach the scleral spur. Avoid the temptation to hasten the process by deepening the plane when you get close to the spur.
Dr. Barnebey: Like with most new procedures, my learning curve did not occur overnight or in a single step. I learned the fundamentals of performing a good trabeculectomy during my fellowship. In the early 1990s, a variation on the trabeculectomy was introduced as a deep sclerectomy and later as a viscocanalostomy. I honed my skills doing these procedures and had respectable results. The introduction of canaloplasty was another building block. Scientifically, the introduction of a catheter with 360° viscodilation and placement of a retaining stent was a dramatic step in the advancement of the surgery. The addition of the microcatheter and stent was an incremental additional step with a relatively brief learning curve.
Dr. Sarkisian: I personally started the canaloplasty adoption process rather slowly. After 10 to 15 cases, I began developing confidence in the procedure. I had been performing trabeculotomies on children for some time, so I was already familiar with the canalicular anatomy. However, with the exception of the deep sclerectomy, most of the steps in performing canaloplasty are familiar to any surgeon who has done a trabeculectomy.
“Any procedure can be challenging, but the learning curve for a surgeon who is well versed in trabeculectomy and who understands the anatomy of the anterior segment of the eye is easier than the learning curve for phacoemulsification.”
—Howard Barnebey, MD
Some surgeons have suggested that the learning curve for canaloplasty can be challenging. Would you agree or disagree with this statement?
Dr. Richardson: The steps involved in canaloplasty are new for most surgeons, so of course, there is going to be a learning curve. Does that learning curve compare to the initial curve required to become competent at phacoemulsification? It is not even close. Like phacoemulsification, canaloplasty requires finesse and an understanding of the local anatomy, but there are fewer steps involved (as well as fewer points during which you can get yourself into trouble). Any cataract surgeon who no longer gets nervous making a capsulorhexis or who regularly polishes the capsule can master canaloplasty. Handling Descemet membrane is not so different from dealing with the capsule. That said, I would not recommend canaloplasty to an inexperienced surgeon who is not yet comfortable touching the bare capsule with an instrument.
Dr. Morgan: It is important for the prospective surgeon to realize that the barriers to adoption are largely mental. Most accomplished phaco surgeons already possess the skills necessary to perform the procedure. The techniques are not more difficult than complex, small-pupil phacoemulsification, but because the required surgical maneuvers are new to the surgeon, they are intimidating. This can make surgeons afraid to try the procedure. If they begin with the right patient population, the stress can be greatly minimized.
Dr. Barnebey: Any procedure can be challenging, but the learning curve for a surgeon who is well versed in trabeculectomy and who understands the anatomy of the anterior segment of the eye is easier than the learning curve for phacoemulsification.
Dr. Sarkisian: The learning curve is challenging but not insurmountable. Trabeculectomy provides the basic skill set
Canaloplasty: The Keys to Optimizing Patients’ Outcomes
for performing canaloplasty. The main new things are isolating Schlemm canal and fashioning the trabeculo-Descemet window.
Dr. Vold: From my perspective, the challenges associated with canaloplasty are overstated. Experienced surgeons should have little difficulty adopting this procedure. The keys to successfully adopting canaloplasty are being knowledgeable of the angle anatomy and having the ability to fashion quality scleral dissections. Threading the iTrack microcatheter (iScience Interventional, Menlo Park, CA) is relatively easy once Schlemm canal has been isolated. Without question, quality anterior segment surgeons should have little difficulty successfully performing canaloplasty.
What advice would you give to your colleagues to make the learning process easier?
Dr. Richardson: Familiarize yourself with the steps involved in canaloplasty. Read the materials provided by iScience. Do a search on YouTube and watch some of the videos. Then, memorize the steps and mentally perform the surgery before your first case. Many experienced surgeons forget that they must prepare and practice mentally if they are going to succeed physically. Surgeons are no different (or better) than athletes in this manner. Show me a golf professional who has not at least “walked” the course prior to the tournament, and I will show you someone who has no chance of winning the purse.
Dr. Morgan: The key to reducing the initial stress is in choosing the right patients for your early cases. I strongly recommend choosing patients who are undergoing a cataract procedure at the same time and do not desperately need an extremely low IOP. The typical cataract and glaucoma patient on two or more medications is the ideal patient to start on. If the procedure is not successful, the patient will still be happy with the results of the cataract surgery. On the other hand, a successful canaloplasty procedure will reduce his or her dependence on medications, which will further enhance the outcome.
Dr. Barnebey: Deliberate, focused study and practice are necessary. Break the procedure into manageable steps and focus on understanding and mastering each of those steps based on your individual skill set and experience. It is also important to latch onto a mentor who can help guide you through the process.
Dr. Sarkisian: You have to jump in with both feet. Get past the learning curve in the first 2 months. It generally takes 10 to 15 cases. The more canaloplasty cases you perform, the better you get. Just like when learning phaco for the first time, you soon get more confident and are encouraged by your improved results to press on and perform more cases. You then begin to get more aggressive in finding patients who are good candidates earlier in their treatment algorithm.
“Canaloplasty allows me to provide surgery to patients who previously would have received only topical medication or laser trabeculoplasty. I feel that canaloplasty represents a significant advance in glaucoma surgery by allowing me to treat the earlier phases of glaucoma more aggressively and more definitively.”
—Steven R. Sarkisian Jr, MD
Before you started offering canaloplasty to your patients, what was your greatest concern about performing this procedure?
Dr. Richardson: I had two main concerns. First, would I be able to do it? Dissecting the trabeculo-Descemet window sounds nearly impossible to someone who has never done such a thing. Funny, that is probably what I would have thought about polishing the posterior capsule years ago (something I routinely do now). Second, will I harm my patient? I quickly learned that canaloplasty is a very forgiving
surgery. It is as near to a “no harm, no foul” glaucoma surgery as I have ever experienced. Is it totally without risk? Of course not, but compared to the bleb-dependent glaucoma surgeries, it is in a league of its own.
Dr. Morgan: I had to come to terms with the fact that I might not succeed. Ophthalmologists are generally very accomplished individuals. They are not comfortable with the prospect of failure. Once I accepted that I might not succeed, I was ready to move forward. It is helpful to have a comfortable backup plan in your mind, such as implanting an Ex-Press Glaucoma Filtration Device (Alcon Laboratories, Inc., Fort Worth, TX) or performing trabeculectomy.
Dr. Sarkisian: My early concern was making a good trabeculo-Descemet window, but the new canaloplasty instrumentation by Mastel Precision, Inc., (Rapid City, SD) makes performing this part of the procedure much easier for surgeons who are new to canaloplasty.
How has canaloplasty influenced your treatment paradigm for glaucoma patients?
Dr. Richardson: I now move directly from maximum tolerated medical therapy to canaloplasty without bothering with laser trabeculoplasty.
Canaloplasty: The Keys to Optimizing Patients’ Outcomes
Dr. Morgan: Canaloplasty has totally changed how I treat glaucoma patients. I now have a safe and effective glaucoma procedure that I can perform early in the disease process. We know from evidence-based glaucoma studies, such as the Early Manifest Glaucoma Treatment Trial, that earlier intervention is better.1 The problem we have had to deal with is that we did not have a truly safe glaucoma procedure. For this reason, we hesitated to treat patients whom we knew would be better off with a lower IOP. In the past, I intervened surgically only when absolutely necessary. Now, I can confidentially treat patients much sooner, and this allows me to provide superior care.
Dr. Barnebey: It is always wonderful to have choices, since there is no single procedure that is appropriate for all glaucoma patients. Canaloplasty provides a minimally invasive strategy by which to re-establish aqueous outflow with minimal-to-no violation of the anterior chamber; good, sustained IOP-lowering efficacy; a safer complication profile; and the prospect of avoiding the long-term challenges of a conjunctival bleb.2,3
Dr. Sarkisian: Canaloplasty is now my procedure of choice for baby boomers, monocular glaucoma patients, and patients with split-fixation visual fields at risk for “wipe out” syndrome. It is my experience that young African Americans also respond extremely well to canaloplasty because one does not have to be concerned with aggressive scarring in this patient population, due to the fact that there is no bleb to maintain. Moreover, I am performing much less cataract surgery combined with endocyclophotocoagulation due to the superb results I am achieving with phacocanaloplasty.
Dr. Vold: Canaloplasty has definitely made me more comfortable intervening surgically in my glaucoma patients. This procedure is an excellent surgical option for patients with uncontrolled mild-to-moderate open-angle glaucoma (OAG). Canaloplasty should also be strongly considered in patients with more advanced OAG who are poor candidates for filtration surgery. Phacocanaloplasty is an outstanding option for patients with controlled OAG and visually significant cataracts.
What type of glaucoma patients benefit the most from canaloplasty?
Dr. Richardson: OAG patients with mild-to-moderate glaucoma that is progressing on topical treatment or who are having difficulty tolerating medical treatment benefit most from canaloplasty. It is worth mentioning that, when we use the acronym “MTMT,” we should be honest and admit that what this should stand for is minimally tolerated medical therapy. It may actually mean maximum medical therapy, but I have yet to see a patient on two to three different drops who is really “tolerating” the treatment well. Between ocular surface issues, systemic side effects, and the cost of treatment, most patients on more than one or two separate drops really need a better alternative therapy.
“The key to reducing the initial stress is in choosing the right patients for your early cases. I strongly recommend choosing patients who are undergoing a cataract procedure at the same time and do not desperately need an extremely low IOP. ”
—Michael Morgan, MD
Dr. Morgan: Canaloplasty has been most effective for me in patients who present with moderately elevated IOPs of around 35 mm Hg without medication. Also, it appears that patients who respond to medications initially, but not enough to eliminate their risk of vision loss, are the best candidates. These patients, I reason, have some trabecular outflow. Patients with very high presenting IOPs and those who did not show a significant response to medications do not seem to do as well in my experience.
Dr. Barnebey: The following three groups of patients may benefit from canaloplasty over traditional trabeculectomy: (1) patients in whom trabeculectomy is expected to fail, (2) patients who have a potential threat of additional irreversible loss of vision, and (3) patients whose jobs and/or lifestyle makes them unable to tolerate the postoperative period of incapacity that often occurs after trabeculectomy. Given its better safety profile over current incisional glaucoma procedures,2 do you perform canaloplasty on glaucoma patients earlier in the disease process?
Dr. Richardson: Absolutely! I now offer canaloplasty to all of my patients scheduled for cataract surgery who use drops to control their glaucoma. Similarly to how I at least discuss the option of advanced IOLs with all of my cataract patients (who are candidates for such IOLs), I now feel that all of my combined cataract and glaucoma patients deserve to be informed about the option of canaloplasty at the time of cataract surgery. I am also now comfortable offering canaloplasty to patients who may only be on one or two topical medications but are poorly tolerating medical therapy. The procedure is also a good choice for patients who have issues with medication and follow-up
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to stop Finland and Sweden from joining NATO? If so, how would Russia prevent Finland and Sweden from joining NATO?
Mark L. Goldberg [00:13:57] Well, to what extent during that time period, after the invitation has been issued, but before all 30 countries have ratified? Do you suspect that Russia might do what it can to upend ratification processes in other countries or otherwise use its influence to impede that process? I mean, there are some countries like Viktor Orban’s Hungary, a member of NATO and perhaps one vulnerable weak point in the NATO’s unity, in deciding whether or not to accept Sweden and Finland.
Ivo Daalder [00:14:35] Yeah. You know, I’m sure that Russia will try. I think its credibility in Europe, has been slightly damaged in recent months given the behavior it has engaged in, and therefore it is difficult, if not impossible for any country really to point to Russia’s displeasure as a reasonable argument for not proceeding, which clearly was the case beforehand. One of the reasons Ukraine is not a member of NATO is because some countries in NATO were worried about how the Russians would react. I think there’s less concern about the Russian reaction because I think there’s an understanding that Russia won’t like it but there’s also less concern that we should care about what Russia thinks. So, I think that’s one part of why I don’t think it is going to be a particularly problematical issue. It certainly hasn’t dissuaded the Finns and the Swedes so far from seeking a road to NATO membership and no matter what, the kind of threats that have come out from Russia. They just don’t seem to work anymore, in part because Russia’s military capacity doesn’t appear to be as threatening as it appeared prior to the war given how badly it has fared against the Ukrainians and in part because most of the military capabilities Russians have right now, is locked down in Ukraine so that becomes a little less likely that it will be used anywhere else. And for the same reason, countries like even those more sympathetic in the past to Russia are unlikely to stand in the way of Finland and Sweden joining just as they didn’t stand in the way of North Macedonia, joining a few years ago or Montenegro back in the beginning of the Trump administration. I just don’t see it.
Mark L. Goldberg [00:16:36] Can I ask you about the perhaps unique role of Turkey, which has seen itself something as like a mediator, if haltingly, between Ukraine and Russia? You don’t see Turkey putting up any sort of objection, considering it’s somewhat of a mediator role that it’s playing right now?
Ivo Daalder [00:16:55] No, I don’t, I think the Turks are going to understand the value of having these two countries as part of NATO. They have played a mediating role on the one hand, on the other hand, very significantly supported the Ukrainians in the kind of capabilities that they have been providing them. And so, I think they want to keep their door open to Russia. Certainly, Erdogan wants it but that’s true, frankly, for other countries too. Remember, Macron has been on the phone to Putin quite a bit, a little less in recent weeks because of the campaign. So, the fact that the Turks want a mediating role doesn’t mean they’re going to do Russia’s bidding, and they haven’t done Russia’s bidding on this issue. So again, I don’t see them as a as a main obstacle.
How does the French election affect Finland and Sweden’s hopes of becoming NATO members?
Mark L. Goldberg [00:17:42] And lastly, on this question of European political and diplomatic dynamics, I mean, we’re speaking four days ahead of the second and final round of the French election. Polls right now have Macron up ahead but, Le Pen, his challenger is avowedly not pro-NATO, if not stridently anti-NATO. Would a Le Pen victory upend Sweden and Finland’s plans for joining NATO potentially?
Ivo Daalder [00:18:09] I think a Le Pen victory will upend a lot of things including that that particular issue, so I basically have decided I will comment on what happens with Le Pen if it happens and if it doesn’t happen, I don’t have to talk about it.
What military capacity do Finland and Sweden bring to NATO if they are accepted?
Mark L. Goldberg [00:18:25] Fair enough. As good an answer as I could have expected. Assuming that Finland and Sweden do become members of NATO, what sort of military capacity do these countries bring to the alliance? Is it, like, meaningful in any way?
Ivo Daalder [00:18:44] Yeah, it’s very meaningful. It’s meaningful geographically, so you basically have the entire Nordic part of Europe as part of NATO with the sole exception of Ireland, that’s how far south you need to go—or Switzerland and Austria. But you have sort of a big gap in the NATO map, if you look at the NATO map was the absence of Sweden, Finland from an alliance that did have Iceland, Norway, and Denmark, in fact, originally founding members of the alliance. So, it closes that geographic gap, and the geographic gaps are important for airspace, land space and sea areas. For a common defense, it just makes it easier. Secondly, these are countries that have real military capabilities. They may have been neutral, but they were armed. They have a very significant military. That’s particularly true for Finns, whose Air Force is as good as any. They fly the most advanced F-18 aircraft and have already ordered F-35’s, which are the most advanced fighter aircraft in the world. They have a large ground army 250,000. They still have conscription in Finland and the army of 250,000 that can very rapidly be mobilized to about 900,000 troops—that’s significant.
Mark L. Goldberg [00:20:17] That’s like a quarter of the population, isn’t it?
Ivo Daalder [00:20:19] Yeah, it is. It is just a remarkable number that they can put together because that’s they know of which they speak when it comes to their neighbor. They fought two wars in ’39 successfully and in ’44 less successfully but with tremendous costs on the part of the Soviet Union at the time. So, they maintain that capability and that capability now becomes available to NATO in case of need. The Swedes similarly have a domestic ground air force that is quite significant and a very good navy, including submarines and a variety of other really significant military capabilities. So, they are coming into the alliance with real capabilities that has long been compatible with the assets that NATO countries have because they have worked in NATO operations. They know the communications capabilities. It is about as seamless an integration as we’re going to see as anything. And then finally, and really critically, they are both Baltic Sea nations and very close to the Baltic countries, three small countries that were part of the Soviet Union although we never recognized it, that that had long felt very insecure being neighbors of Russia. And now Finland and Sweden are going to be part of the capacity of defending those countries, which clearly sends a message to Russia that NATO is even more serious about defending these countries than they were before.
Mark L. Goldberg [00:22:07] So, you know, NATO is obviously a military alliance. It’s governed by a political body, the North Atlantic Council. How would admitting Finland and Sweden change the diplomatic dynamics of the North Atlantic Council?
Ivo Daalder [00:22:23] It would have no impact whatsoever in the sense that there’s been long a complaint that the enlargement has made the decision making more difficult within the North Atlantic Council. That just isn’t the case, certainly wasn’t the case when I was there, and I haven’t seen it since. Just because you have more people doesn’t mean you necessarily have more disagreement. Many of the countries that have joined NATO since the Cold War did so because they believed in the need to enjoy the security of NATO and enjoy the security of the United States, which meant that making sure that you went along even when the issue wasn’t necessarily high on your agenda was important because you wanted to be sure that if you needed NATO, NATO would be there for you. And my classic example is that the Baltic states, in Estonia in particular, but all three Baltic states made significant contributions to the NATO operation in Afghanistan. Estonia at one point had more casualties per capita than any other country, including the United States, not because they were in Afghanistan because they saw a threat from Afghanistan to Estonia, but they wanted to be good NATO members, good allies because if God forbid, anything happened to their security, they wanted to be able to say, ‘Hey, we were there for you, it’s time for you to be there for us.’ So that’s how the dynamic works in particular in NATO. In terms of Sweden and Finland, it’s also important to point out they’ve been at the table not only for a long time when it came to operations that they were involved in, they’ve been at the table since the war. They’ve been part of the foreign ministers meeting; they’ve been part of the Defense Ministry meetings; they’ve been part of the two summits, one virtual one in person that has taken place and have had a non-voting seat there. So, they know how this place operates. And they will no doubt want to join consensus if that’s what is necessary to move things forward.
How might NATO change its goals if Sweden and Finland are added as members?
Mark L. Goldberg [00:24:41] So I’m glad you brought up Afghanistan. As long as I’ve been sort of aware of foreign policy issues, whether it’s Kosovo when I was in high school or Afghanistan in 2001, when I was in college or Libya when I was a full-time foreign policy reporter, the core of what NATO did, at least for me on the outside, was not sort of deterring Russian aggression in Europe, but it was sort of expeditionary. It was far from that core mission. Does the admission of these two members and current dynamics in the world today suggest to you that for the foreseeable future, at least, NATO will return to that core mission and forgo adventurism abroad?
Ivo Daalder [00:25:22] I don’t know if I want to call it adventurism abroad, but clearly the focus for the immediate future and I don’t know how long that is, but quite a while, will be on returning to collective defense as sort of the fundamental core mission of NATO. In 2010, when I was there as the ambassador, we adopted a new strategic concept, which the big political military document that sort of frames what NATO’s purpose is and we identified three core tasks—collective defense, crisis management and cooperative security. NATO is about to adopt a new strategic concept long in the works at the Madrid summit in June, and I would be surprised if NATO were to give equal weight to all three of those pillars, rather than overwhelming weight to collective defense as the primary mission for NATO going forward. And so, yes, I do think there is going to be a concentration on protecting NATO territory from the armed attack by Russia, whether Russia gets identified specifically or not. And less attention than probably one would have thought a year ago to issues like NATO’s role vis-a-vis China or NATO’s role vis-a-vis climate change or in a general way cyber vis-a-vis Russia, China, perhaps, but not in a general way. So, I think you’re going to see a concentration of focused effort on collective defense.
How did the threat, or lack thereof, of NATO membership influence Russia’s war on Ukraine?
Mark L. Goldberg [00:27:12] So lastly, I want to run an argument by you that I could foresee being aired in certain foreign policy circles, which is that admitting Finland and Sweden to NATO today is needlessly provocative when you’re seeking to find off ramps and ways to engage Vladimir Putin’s Russia out of this war in Ukraine. There are certain foreign policy critiques suggesting that Russia invaded Ukraine because of Ukraine’s insistence on being a NATO member sometime in the future. That was again needlessly provocative from Russia’s perspective. Like, how do you respond to that line of criticism?
Ivo Daalder [00:27:55] I find it harder and harder to respond to it because it becomes less and less serious a line of argument. Russia invaded Ukraine because it was not a member of NATO. In fact, the US, and NATO explicitly said that they would not come to the defense of Ukraine. They explicitly said that because they were not a member of NATO there was no Article five guarantee and that therefore the idea that NATO is what provoked Russia rather than the absence of NATO provoking Russia is the problem. And Finland and Sweden have now got that. They have decided that their security now depends on them being members of NATO, because the record showed that when you are a neighbor of Russia and you’re not a member of NATO they may well intervene militarily against you. And so, security now rests with being part of NATO rather than the other way around. What provokes and what has provoked Putin is not strength, but weakness. He did what he did because he thought he could get away with it. He thought the Ukrainians were weak. He thought that the West was divided and weak and would not respond and he thought that by doing so, he could force NATO to do what the critics of NATO argued to do, which is to move further away from Russian territory. And instead, what he got was a war he didn’t expect with losses he never had contemplated the possibility that he may actually lose this war in Ukraine and come out worse than he was on February 24th, a major increase of NATO forces on its borders and in the East forces that were not there prior to the 24th of February that are there now and are likely to be larger. He will also have gotten NATO and expanded to its border with Finland, Sweden and, by the way, he’s probably going to find that in the end of the day, Ukraine is going to be a member of NATO, too. That’s what his invasion did, and it just demonstrates that if we had continued the policy which we had embarked upon in 2008, which is to talk about NATO for Ukraine but never do anything we would be in a worse place than we’re likely to be now.
Mark L. Goldberg [00:30:34] Well, Ambassador Daalder, thank you so much for your time.
Ivo Daalder [00:30:38] My pleasure.
Mark L. Goldberg [00:30:41] All right. Thank you all for listening. Thank you to Ivo Daalder and thank you to the listener who is listening to me right now. The podcast has grown substantially in recent weeks. If you’re new to the podcast, welcome. Thanks for joining. I do recommend you go back and scroll through our robust archive of content. I’ve been publishing two episodes a week every week since 2014, so surely there are older episodes that are of interest to you. I will see you next time, bye!Virtual reality has been around since the mid 1980’s, but around that time technology was yet limited. It was the arrival of smartphones, gaming consoles, and other modern gadgets that really augured the future of virtual reality.
Image source: theguardian.co.uk
VR is a new medium for user experience designers. Shifting from block phones to touch-screen smartphones, virtual reality is an entirely new thing. How will a person get a meaningful user experience without tangible screens and buttons?
UX designers work with the 3D architect to set-up the design. They work in coordination to develop a spatial layout that will fit the VR experience.
There are three kinds of VR experiences, according to www.creativebloq.com:
-Hyper immersive or emotion-based: VR that engages users to control using their senses;
-POV documentary: live-action experiences that transport users to places that they cannot physically reach;
-Gamified experiences: users are given a task to compete with time, enemies, and other external forces
All these three experiences lack haptic movement, since the VR gadget is positioned in a user’s head only.
Image source: polygon.com
How will UX improve given these technical constraints?
Designers must consider movement, haptic and audio feedback, and user abilities when creating interfaces for operating VR. VR experiences, menus, and other UI elements must be displayed at the same depth as the user’s target. Contents like texts have to be in a 3D environment to be at par with VR’s complex design.
Photon Infotech is the world’s largest and fastest growing provider of omnichannel and digital experiences. Visit this Facebook page for updates on omnichannel strategies for enhanced user experience.
Data-driven design is surging in popularity trend these days. Designers, writers, and Web page administrators look into data and analytics to help them produce content that is valuable to their target audience and customers.
Data can be quantitative (numerical, showing who, what, when and where) or qualitative (non-numerical, demonstrating why or how). For website optimization, it is usually quantitative. Many tools like Google Analytics usually show quantitative data, but these do not show why people visit a certain page.
But what makes a good and effective data-driven design? Good data-driven design does not just consider quantitative data, but qualitative as well. While many people in the industry think of qualitative data as nothing but “anecdotal,” these actually impose better insights that improve communication between the consumer, the designer, and the company. When designers and content-makers learn the “why” behind what is stated quantitatively, they will have an idea as to why people keep on coming back to the site, app, or content they’ve produced.
Setting up qualitative and quantitative data is a killer combination, but empirical data will make content the best. Empirical data is any data gathered from experimentation and observation. When data is specific, taking action and providing a solution is easier.
Set up your data for success. Use quantitative, qualitative as well as empirical data. Don’t be afraid to do trial tests on content you’ve produced, and see where your placement goes. After all, a good data-driven design doesn’t happen overnight.
Most consumers do not have the slightest idea that omnichannel is changing the retail shopping game nowadays. For consumers, it is an innovative way of shopping and for retailers, selling. What exactly is it?
Omni comes from the word “omnis” which means universal. People can also associate this term with the term “omniscient,” which means all-knowing or all-seeing. Coming from
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medie asiatiche sono passate da una canalizzazione ogni 10 a una ogni 9 kHz, esattamente coincidente con la nostra in Europa. Il Giappone, come tutte le altre nazioni dell'Africa e dell'Asia Pacifico (le Americhe mantengono i 10 kHz), occupa quindi le nostre stesse frequenze. Non è un caso se il suo ascolto è diventato possibile solo in questi ultimissimi tempi, in virtù di canali progressivamente lasciati liberi da molte stazioni europee che hanno chiuso i battenti o ridotto la potenza.
Anche così, non è un ascolto alla portata di tutti. Anche se in casi come questi l'antenna può fare la reale differenza - un tema su cui ritorneremo spesso - occorre un ricevitore sensibile (per una volta la selettività, la capacità di discernere due frequenze molto vicine, non è importante), che non prenda fischi per fiaschi (che sia sicuro, cioè che un segnale ricevuto non sia una spuria o una interferenza); occorre saper riconoscere le condizioni giuste, sapersi mettere su una data frequenza nel momento opportuno. E naturalmente una certa dose di fortuna, perché proprio nel momento opportuno potrebbe avere un appuntamento di lavoro. Con le stazioni dell'estremo oriente, poi, c'è un problema in più: l'identificazione. Per questo Giampaolo si è fatto aiutare da colleghi DXer, possibilmente madrelingua. Per avere un'idea del lavoro da fare è possibile ascoltare un lungo clip registrato nel fase di picco dei segnali dall'estremo oriente. La lingua giapponese si può discernere abbastanza nettamente a un certo punto.
È ripetibile questo ascolto? Sicuramente sì. L'Asia in onde medie era stata ascoltata, più tentativamente, nel lontano passato, ai tempi della canalizzazione a 10 kHz. Il Giappone, fatti salvi archivi storici a me ignoti, ha cominciato ad arrivare solo da due anni a questa parte. Altre due frequenze da tenere d'occhio sono 1413 e 1350 kHz (quest'ultima occupata purtroppo da una stazione francese in lingua araba). La vera questione è però che con queste lune scarseggiano in Italia le persone interessate alla radio a lunga distanza in generale e tra queste quelle interessate a ripetere certi exploit. Semplicemente perché sono pochissimi a considerare l'ascolto del Giappone in onde medie come un "exploit". L'hobby del radioascolto, nato negli anni venti del secolo scorso insieme alle primissime radio commerciali, quando tutti gli ascoltatori erano DXer (il "bacino di ascolto" locale si formerà solo dopo e si rafforzerà nel dopo Guerra con l'avvento dell'FM) ha perso, a torto o a ragione, parecchio smalto. Oggi la radio è ancora un medium importantissimo, molto seguito, ma solo su scale localistiche: lo stimolo che spinge ad aguzzare le orecchie sul notiziario di Radio Australia, piuttosto che su una radio musicale colombiana, si è affievolito considerando che il satellite porta in casa centinaia di canali, mentre Internet ci permette di leggere cinquanta quotidiani australiani e ascoltare in diretta altrettante stazioni radio locali. Ma anche perché in un circolo vizioso che si è innestato in funzione del calo di interesse e produce costanti tagli ai bilanci delle stazioni, Radio Australia e le emittenti colombiane, spengono tutte le frequenze radio fatte per compiere distanze ragguardevoli, cioé quelle delle onde corte. E scelgono di restare locali, andare sul satellite, o aprire un economico sito Web.
Restano, per gli sparuti appassionati, le cose difficili da ascoltare, le radio locali in onde medie e anche quelle in modulazione di frequenza, che tra l'altro si propaga in situazioni molto interessanti da studiare. Difficili si diceva, non impossibili. Ma la voglia di trasformare l'eventualità in concretezza, ormai ce l'hanno in pochi ed è un trend che riguarda un po' tutto il mondo. Ovunque i gruppi di radioascoltatori e radioamatori (quelli che "trasmettono anche") organizzati si assottigliano, l'età media aumenta in modo sconfortante. Peccato.
E in Italia? Beh le Hawaii sono sicuramente tagliate fuori, ma dalla West Coast americana, in questi anni un tentativo c'è. E nelle ultime due stagioni autunnali, in questa situazione di minimo solare, stanno dando parecchie soddisfazioni anche i segnali in onde medie dall'estremo oriente, ascolti davvero impegnativi considerando che avvengono su canali occupai da stazioni europee, non resi praticabili, come quelli Usa, da una diversa canalizzazione della banda MW. Proprio in questi giorni, il Giappone è arrivato su almeno due frequenze diverse, 1413 e 1386 kHz, insieme al Vietnam. Cina, Taiwan e le Filippine si sono già dimostrati bersagli fattibili, a oltre 9.000 km da noi.
Bella intervista di Marco Pratellesi a Renzo Arbore, in margine al convegno organizzato dalla Fondazione Corriere della Sera sulla radiofonia segnalato ieri. Il mattatore di Alto Gradimento vanta la maggior leggerezza del medium radiofonico.
Pochi minuti da non perdere sul Mediacenter di Corriere.it.
24 ottobre 2005
La conferenza di oggi ormai è conclusa, ma per le altre tre c'è tempo.
La Fondazione Corriere della Sera prosegue la riflessione sulla lingua italiana, proponendo un nuovo ciclo di Madre Lingua. Questa quarta edizione, intitolata Parole in radio e
curata da Aldo Grasso, vuole essere l’occasione per riflettere su una
declinazione del tutto peculiare della lingua, quella radiofonica.
Parole in radio si propone di riflettere sull’unicità del prodotto linguistico radiofonico
e sul suo carattere di immediatezza e di informalità.
- 24 ottobre : L'ITALIANO E LA RADIO - Renzo Arbore, Pierluigi Battista
- 31 ottobre : L'INFORMAZIONE -Oliviero Beha, Massimo De Luca, Andrea Vianello
- 7 novembre : LA COMICITA' - Maria Luisa Agnese, Luciana Littizzetto
- 14 novembre : LA RADIO LIBERA - Linus, Sergio Ferrentino
Moderatore Aldo Grasso
Teatro Studio - ore 17:30
Milano via Rivoli, 6
L'attività solare potrebbe essere responsabile anche di un fenomeno assai più preoccupante della variabilità della ionosfera e quindi della propagazione dei segnali radio. La correlazione tra ciclo solare e surriscaldamento del clima è sempre stata una materia controversa, ma secondo un fisico italiano della Duke University, Nicola Scafetta, una approfondita analisi dei dati raccolti dalle missioni satellitari Acrim rivelano che il collegamento sole-clima potrebbe essere più forte del previsto. In una pubblicazione disponibile online, Scafetta e il collega Bruce West, afferma che l'impatto potrebbe essere quantificabile in una percentuale compresa tra il 10 e il 30%, abbastanza da dover rivedere i modelli di previsione che assegnerebbero un peso eccessivo a un effetto - che per altro i due scienziati non sottovalutano - come i gas serra.
23 ottobre 2005
Come molti DXer abituati a dare la caccia solo a stazioni radiofoniche e televisivi terrestre, di ricezione satellitare conosco quel tanto che basta per montare da solo la parabola per Sky e poco più. Al massimo con lo scanner ho sentito le occasionali conversazioni a bordo della Soyuz. Così quando sul newsgroup italiano it.hobby.radioascolto è apparsa questa richiesta di "PiF"...
[PiF] Scusate ma su web non ho trovato molto...... La prima risposta di e tutto il thread e i link che ne sono seguiti mi sono sembrati interessanti e ho pensato di trasferire il tutto qui sopra con qualche piccolissima modifica e poche aggiunte frutto di mie ricerche su Google. Gli autori dei post non devono prendersela se per ragioni di privacy citerò solo i loro nick, che del resto in quasi i tutti i casi non sono riconducibili a una persona precisa. Vengono omessi anche i nomi delle località italiane citate. Lo scambio è talmente fitto di informazioni e rimandi utili che secondo me sta in piedi così com'è.
E' possibile avere qualche nome di satellite che si prenda bene dalle parti di Firenze per collegarsi e scaricare qualche immagine metereologica? Magari anche la frequenza.
[Adriano] MSG1, trasmesso via Hotbird. Ti serve una scheda DVB per pc (ottima la classica Skystar2) e il software con chiave hardware per gestire la licenza rilasciato da Eumetsat (100 euro). La richiesta di licenza va inoltrata tramite l'ufficio per la meteorologia dell'aeronautica militare. trovi tutte le informazioni qui: http://www.roy1.com/dvb_ham/dvb_1.htm. Oltre al software di eumetsat serve poi un software di visualizzazione e gestione delle immagini. Oltre a quello del link sopra indicato, a pagamento ci sono anche gli ottimi prodotti di David Taylor e l'unico programma gratuito (a quanto mi risulta), xrit2pic, che trovi qui: http://www.alblas.demon.nl/wsat/software/soft_msg.html. Altri satelliti ricevibili sono i NOAA, sia in analogico che in digitale. La ricezione in analogico è più semplice: basta un ricevitore che possa spazzolare da 130 a 140 Mhz (non ricordo le frequenze esatte) con larghezza di banda di circa 30 khz e una interfaccia per mandare il segnale alla scheda audio del pc. Per le modalità digitali le cose si complicano: serve una parabola, motori per 'inseguimento e schede di acquisizione dedicate.Subito dopo interviene "Moquito" che già in passato aveva riferito al gruppo, tra lo stupore degli esperti, dei risultati del suo monitoraggio effettuato con un semplice scanner palmare e una antenna neanche troppo costosa. Tra l'altro con l'occasione Moquito aveva anche pubblicato alcune foto ricevute con il suo equipaggiamento essenziale. Ne riporto una qui come esempio, altre possono essere facilmente individuate con una ricerca nel gruppo ithrasc.
Se Adriano si occupa di satelliti geostazionari, le prede preferite da Moquito sono i satelliti polari, quelli che orbitano a quote più basse (tra gli 800 e i 900 km) sorvolando i meridiani e quindi incrociando, alternativamente, il polo Nord e il polo Sud:
[Moquito] Beh, i geostazionari sono altini e si prendono "da qualunque parte" mentre i polari viaggiano veloci e sul centro Italia si iniziano a ricevere quando stanno sopra l'Egitto e fino alla Scozia. Gli alberi non impicciano, almeno qui da me!Davvero esauriente. Trovandosi di fronte a una fonte di informazioni così puntuale PiF decide di approfittarne per un supplemento di indagine e lo facciamo anche noi.
I NOAA li ricevi intorno ai 137.500 MHz. Le frequenze variano a seconda di quale NOAA ricevi ma sono tutte lì vicino:
http://www.zarya.infoTracking/RadioFrequencies.htm
Io li ricevo con un Icom IC-R10 ed è un'anomalia in quanto uno scanner non dovrebbe avere una larghezza di banda adatta e dovrebbe essere necessario un ricevitore apposito il cui acquisto è giustificato a mio parere solo da una reale esigenza o da una smania parecchio grossa.
Comunque il fatto di ricevere le immagini in maniera più che dignitosa con l'R-10 ha destato lo stupore di tutto il gruppo e ti assicuro che se vai a cercare il thread e ti vedi i link con le foto vedrai tu stesso che il risultato c'è. Dal ricevitore parte un coassiale 75 ohm sottile per TV satellitare (circa 10 metri) che arriva a un preamplificatore di Nuova Elettronica, molto stretto e a mio parere indispensabile per isolare quella fettina di frequenza da tutti i rumori che ci sono sopra e sotto. Da lì (pochi cm. sopra) si va all'antenna a doppio V di Nuova Elettronica (polarizzazione circolare) che consente di intercettare il satellite appena si affaccia all'orizzonte radio e di tenerlo praticamente finché non tramonta. Il costo di antenna e preampli è abbastanza abbordabile (non lo ricordo ma siamo intorno ai 50 euro con la spedizione). Il software che uso è WXTOIMG, dopo averne provati diversi altri si è rivelato il migliore. Anche questo lo trovi in rete:
http://www.wxtoimg.com/downloads/
I polari non sono geostazionari quindi li ricevi in certi momenti della giornata per una decina di minuti ovvero mentre passano sopra di te durante le loro orbite (800km circa di altezza e almeno 28.000 km/h di velocità con orbite che intersecano i due poli della terra). Per sapere e vedere concretamente quando il satellite sarà ricevibile puoi usare WXTRACK che se non altro avrà un grande effetto sugli amici. Download presso:
http://www.satsignal.net/
Nessuna interfaccia per l'audio. Basta uscire dalla connessione per l'altoparlante esterno del ricevitore ed entrare con un cavetto (mono o stereo non fa niente) dentro l'ingresso AUX/IN della soundblaster del pc. Fatto. Visto però come hai posto la domanda presumo tu abbia bisogno di leggere prima qualcosa per avere una visione più ampia di come funziona il discorso e quindi ti rimando a questi link:
http://digilander.libero.it/vtmedri/consigli_utili.htm
http://www.kwos.org/ricevere_i_satelliti_meteo.htm
http://www.kwos.org/i_satelliti_noaa.htm
http://www.pianetaradio.it/satelliti/noaa.htm
http://www.aripescara.org/satelliti%20meteo.htm
[PiF] Io per il tracciamento dei satelliti uso Orbitron (http://www.stoff.pl, NdR), mi ci trovo abbastanza bene ed il download lo fa in automatico, ma mi vado a prendere anche il tuo: mi ispira. L'antenna con il preampli che mi hai consigliato tu, hanno bisogno di almentazione? Un'ultima cosa: sul sito Marcucci ho visto un'antenna che è spettacolare per i portatili; è la discone e costa circa 50 euro con range da 25Mhz. a 2Ghz. E' avveniristica e se funziona per come si presenta è una gran bell'antenna.Qui PiF devia leggermente dalla questione satellitare interrogandosi su un tipo di antenna a larghissima banda tipica degli scanneristi, gli appassionati delle frequenze superiori ai 108 MHz dove abbondano le comunicazioni a "due vie" di numerosi enti e organismi, civili e militari, dal traffico a supporto della navigazione aerea e marittima, alle forze di pronto intervento, le squadre di manutenzione, perfino i radiotaxi... Formalmente l'ascolto su queste bande di frequenza è regolamentato e i contenuti, intercettati "casualmente", non devono mai essere divulgati o utilizzati a fini terzi. Ma la passione per la radio, finisce per avere sempre la meglio. Tanto più che ormai la tendenza per molti dei servizi più delicati va verso l'impiego di modulazioni audio digitali che sono molto, molto più difficili da intercettare per i non addetti ai lavori. L'antenna discone (disc+cone) citata da PiF offre alcuni vantaggi e diversi svantaggi. Ma non è consigliata per la ricezione dei satelliti meteorologici a causa del basso guadagno (a fronte di una buona copertura in frequenza).
[Moquito] L'antenna da me utilizzata non è attiva quindi non va alimentata. Il preampli funziona a 12 V attraverso il coassiale e quindi devi comprare un alimentatore per preamplificatori TV (negozi di elettronica) che costa 7 euro. Lo alimenti a 220 V e ci entri con il coax che viene dal ricevitore, uscendo sempre con il coax che va al preampli (sul tetto) che così viene alimentato direttamente dal coassiale. Niente discone! in teoria io ricevevo il segnale anche con il gommino del portatile ma da qui a ricavarne immagini... Non esageriamo! Ci vuole un'antenna a polarizzazione circolare e che abbia una ricezione più ampia possibile all'orizzonte (est-ovest) altrimenti il sat lo ricevi solo quando ti passa sopra la testa mentre se passa sopra la Grecia o la Spagna, niente. Le discone non sono avveniristiche ma dei pezzi di ferro che ricevono ad ampio spettro, ma ovunque con guadagno vicino o uguale a 0db. Comunque può andare per attaccarci lo scanner e ascoltare qua e là. Per i polari non andrebbe bene e quella a doppia V, di Nuova Elettronica, costa meno (ma serve solo a quello). Cerca questi due articoli:Non ancora del tutto convinto PiF ritorna brevemente sull'argomento antenna discone chiedendo:
Antenna a V
ANT9.05
2 doppi V con riflettori x 136/139 MHz
Preamplificatori polari
ANT9.07
gain 32 dB Low/Noise 1,0 dB 136-139 MHz
Il tutto costa poco più di 50 euro.
[PiF] Grazie di tutte le info, però non ho capito se la discone, ricezione sat ellitare a parte è una buona antenna o butto i soldi.Moquito risponde:
[Moquito] Riguardo alla discone (fusione di disc e cone perché fatta con un disco e un cono) e riferendomi a quelle che si montano sul tetto di casa o comunque all'esterno, non è che butti via i soldi. E' un ripiego pratico in quanto ti serve per ricevere un po' di tutto con una sola antenna. Il guadagno è praticamente zero ovunque ma essendo l'impedenza costante su tutte le frequenze il segnale arriva con perdite trascurabili al ricevitore. Ma rimane sempre vicino al guadagno unitario. Certo se l'alternativa deve
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gli stessi valori fondamentali sono sovente diversamente interpretati, così che infine ne viene mutato non poco il pratico significato. Così potremmo avere, sempre su determinate singole questioni, alleanze tra uno o più membri di gruppi di appartenenza differenti; eventualmente alcuni (o tutti) in contrasto con gli altri membri del proprio stesso gruppo di appartenenza principale.
Se poi consideriamo infine che le appartenenze sono molteplici (nazionalità, religione, cultura, status, attività lavorativa, ricchezza etc.) si capisce come il fenomeno sia praticamente ingovernabile.
Assistiamo costantemente al sorgere di alleanze assiologiche liquide (prendo qui in prestito la terminologia di Bauman, utile a rendere l’idea) e mutevoli. Talora queste alleanze diverranno strategiche, in virtù di un terreno comune che, almeno in quel momento, sembra potenzialmente unificante.
Persino gli incontri tra leader religiosi dei grandi monoteismi possono essere interpretati, in questa ottica, oltre che ovviamente come speranza di pace e di riconoscimento dell’alterità, anche come un’unificazione basata su principi comuni escludenti “altri”. Insomma, dicendolo apertis verbis , come accordi di spartizione del potere. In effetti le religioni sono sovente state oggetto di persecuzioni; da parte di altre religioni (comprese quelle laiche, come nel caso del comunismo) od addirittura da parte di correligionari in seguito a scismi. È dunque tale l’abitudine alla violenza del sacro (Barrington Moore jr., 2002) che quando i rappresentanti di differenti religioni si incontrano in pace, ebbene questo fatto diventa una notizia. Tuttavia anche in questi casi l’unione collettiva, se non fondata su un valore universale di pace e libertà che sia più forte delle religioni stesse e dei loro dogmi, ha necessariamente un “altro” cui contrapporsi: il laico, l’agnostico, altri credi non presenti all’incontro. I popoli del libro sono uniti infatti in opposizione alle religione politei- ste (per quanto ci sarebbe molto da dire su questa opposizione, talora più parziale di quel che sembra). Ma poi un predicatore ambiguo, populista e demagogo come Zakir Naik detta l’agenda di come ricondurre ad unità l’islamismo e l’induismo, indicando (egli, islamista) come quest’ultima religione debba venire correttamente interpretata. E se correttamente interpretata, si vedrà che la riunificazione è possi- bile: «la principale differenza tra gli Indù ed i Musulmani è quella relazione d’appartenenza. L’Indù afferma: “Tutto è Dio.” Il Musulmano dichiara: “Tutto è di Dio”, Dio preceduto dalla preposizione “di.” Se riusciremo a risolvere la differenza costituita da quel “di”, gli Indù e i Musulmani saranno uniti» (Naik, 2015).
Sotto quale bandiera egli intenda debba avvenire l’unione non è difficile intuirlo.
Altre volte ci si troverà di fronte ad alleanze tattiche attraverso le quali ci si coalizza temporaneamente per il raggiungimento di specifici obbiettivi. Altre volte ancora, più limitatamente, ci si unisce solo per medesima contrarietà agli obbiettivi di altri gruppi, in attesa di un successivo redde rationem.
Ci si muove sempre in una dialettica tra “noi” ed “altri”, esautorando il singolo, la sua individualità, la sua libera scelta. In ciò, proprio nell’appartenenza collettiva, nel non considerare l’unica appartenenza rilevante quella di appartenere al genere umano, risiede in fondo il problema della violenza sociale su base ideologica.
Questa difficoltà di stabilizzazione della struttura sociale, questa mancanza di orizzonte condiviso, la difficile interpretazione della relazione “io-noi-altri” – cui deve aggiungersi l’azzardo morale da parte di gruppi di potere e la forte propaganda ideologica e mediatica al servizio di quelli – può non difficilmente condurre alla frammentazione del sé ed ad una soggettività frammentata di difficile composizione. A causa della complessità e della contraddittorietà delle interazioni sociali, l’individuo nel mondo globale è in crisi nevrotica identitaria. E quando non si riesce a conoscere, gestire o contenere la complessità, ecco che il conflitto esplode. Prima il conflitto intrapsichico e poi, dopo una riunificazione fittizia dell’io (che diviene magari succube di un super-io eccessivamente rigido. O che, non trovando un proprio spazio, per bisogno di semplificazione si ritira in appartenenze estromesse e borderline) esso viene estroiettato diventando conflitto con gli altri: il conflitto sociale. Questo è fino ad un certo punto un tratto normale della dimensione sociale dell’essere umano. Ma è più o meno forte a seconda del grado nevrotico od, addirittura, psicotico raggiunto.
Il tentativo di regolamentazione del conflitto sociale si può manifestare con diverse modalità. Ai fini dell’analisi ne ho categorizzate due: l’una, prevaricatrice, cerca – pur anche con la ragione ed il dialogo, ma senza remore in modo sempre più autoritario e violento man mano che si passa dal conflitto ordinario a quello più estremo – di far prevalere i propri valori su quelli altrui. L’altra, unificatrice, cerca un centro di valori comuni per la costruzione di un’identità che di quel conflitto possa rivelarsi sintesi dialettica.
Anche questa seconda modalità può atteggiarsi con diversa forza: alla sintesi può giungersi col dialogo, la tolleranza e la mediazione, ma anche con l’imposizione della soggezione ad un nuovo fine superiore da condividersi cogentemente.
La prima modalità, quella prevaricatrice, tipica dei processi di colonizzazione (in primis militare, ma anche culturale) si propone in modalità oppositiva verso il diverso, ed in posizione di priorità valoriale; e lo fa sulla base di ragioni storiche, geografiche, culturali. Ma nelle sue versioni maggiormente positive e proprio in ragione di una forte consapevolezza del sé potrà dimostrare una propensione al riconoscimento ed al rispetto dell’altrui diversità. Tuttavia è necessario precisare che questo rispetto sarà in ogni caso limitato a quegli spazi che sono al di fuori dei valori core, non negoziabili. A meno che non ci si riconosca reciproca preminenza nei diversi ambiti territoriali di sovranità: ogni luogo ha le sue regole, ognuno è padrone in casa propria. Siamo di fronte alla concezione della sovranità della prima modernità: quella dello stato nazione, legata al territorio (nel mentre quella transnazionale può definirsi postmoderna). Proprio in ragione di una visione del mondo che sembra sorpassata storicamente, questa concezione della gestione del conflitto viene definita oggi “di destra”: in quanto reazionaria rispetto alla postmodernità planetaria.
Seppure la seconda modalità, unificatrice, sembra presentarsi almeno formalmente come più costruttiva, al contempo potrebbe, per difetto di chiarezza, essere accusata di maggiore ipocrisia.
Note
1 Dichiarazione adottata dal consiglio islamico a Parigi. Ad essa sono seguite la dichiarazione dei diritti dell’uomo nell’islam ad opera dell’organizzazione della conferenza islamica, nel 1990 e la carta araba dei diritti dell’uomo adottata nel 1994 dalla Lega degli stati arabi. Quest’ultima rappresenta, almeno tra le grandi dichiarazioni istituzionali nell’ambito musulmano, il massimo sforzo verso una posizione affine alla laicità sul tema dei diritti umani.
2 Questa analisi si ricollega principalmente alla prospettazione offerta da David Rothkopf nel suo libro Superclass.
Poniamo ora una critica specifica alle tesi qui esposte.
L’errore di fondo di tutte queste tesi è di genere metodologico. Viene concepita la capacità di raggiungere ed acquisire una struttura produttiva in equilibrio, “nel senso pieno di quest’ultimo termine”, una struttura unidimensionale ed orizzontale e non disaggregata in molteplici stadi di tipo verticale, dove il fattore tempo viene trascurato e dove gli individui vengono ineluttabilmente ridotti a macroaggregati economici le cui relazioni quantitative si presume siano destinate a rimanere costanti.
Ragionando nell’anzidetta maniera non solo è impossibile distinguere quei processi che sono fondamentali per comprendere i cambiamenti che avvengono nella struttura produttiva, giacché non si tengono in alcuna vera considerazione gli elementi di base su cui si deve imperniare l’analisi economica, ossia azione individuale, tempo e dispersione della conoscenza ed i concetti attraverso i quali questi elementi si diffondo nella realtà economica di tutti i giorni, vale a dire soggettivismo, utilità marginale ed ordini spontanei, ma si finisce per supporre che la variabile politica sia determinante per porre in essere scelte economiche di successo generale quando, invece, al massimo, può svolgere il ruolo di variabile complementare.
L’essenza delle tesi sottoconsumistiche tradizionali consiste nel ritenere che se si lascia espandere il risparmio-investimento nel rispetto dei voleri di ciascun singolo (e che pertanto non sussistano squilibri monetari generati da processi inflativi), sebbene ciò possa essere qualcosa di positivo in termini individuali perché consente alla singola persona di incrementare il proprio reddito, si finisce per pregiudicare il benessere generale e, quindi, lo sviluppo economico, giacché al diminuire della domanda aggregata dei beni di consumo corrente la produzione si troverà a realizzare strutturalmente merci che non hanno uno sbocco di vendita. Di conseguenza, bisogna stimolare il consumo corrente ai danni del risparmio-investimento al fine di generare una crescita economica sostenibile.
Questa interpretazione è sbagliata perché l’iniziale e relativa diminuzione nella domanda di beni di consumo (causata dal maggior risparmio) aumenterà senz’altro nel tempo la produttività del sistema economico e con essa, dunque, la produzione di beni e servizi di consumo nonché i salari reali, dato che una volta che la struttura della produzione diviene permanentemente più intensiva di capitale con lo stesso reddito sociale lordo si è in possesso di un potere di acquisto maggiore. In questo processo, l’imprenditore di beni di consumo, anche se vede le sue vendite non crescere o addirittura diminuire, può ottenere gli stessi o pressoché gli stessi profitti di prima se riduce nel frattempo i suoi costi, ed in un mercato fluido quanto basta, cioè caratterizzato da mobilità del capitale e sufficiente libertà nel meccanismo di aggiustamento dei prezzi, questo è quello che tendenzialmente farà.
In ultimo, la redistribuzione del reddito e della ricchezza non rientra certamente nella lista di quei provvedimenti che possano evitare l’avvento di un ciclo economico o, una volta sopraggiunta la fase di bust del ciclo, porvi rimedio efficace. Al contrario, provvedimenti redistributivi potrebbero finanche peggiorare la fase di bust dato che i costi di queste misure vengono calcolati dando per scontato che tutti, sia coloro che ricevono sia coloro che li finanziano, continuino a lavorare mantenendo la stessa produttività di sempre. In poche parole, allorché si fa raggiungere un certo limite all’effetto disincentivante che tali provvedimenti contengono sia sui contribuenti sia sui beneficiari, questo effetto da latente finisce per manifestarsi apertamente, producendo così una riduzione del prodotto economico totale.
In linea di principio generale, l’unico modo veramente sano e sostenibile con cui uno Stato può aiutare i più bisognosi consiste nel liberalizzare il più possibile il mercato del lavoro, nel ridurre al minimo il peso e la rete dei tributi, delle regolamentazioni burocratiche e dei privilegi monopolistici, nel permettere a ciascuno di implementare e di vendere i propri talenti e le proprie conoscenze nel rispetto sostanziale della proprietà altrui.
Passando a Keynes, ed in particolare alla sua Teoria Generale, qui c’è da dire che oltre all’errore di fondo di genere metodologico già descritto, sussiste un altro “peccato originale”: il disinteresse per il postulato della scarsità reale. Supponendo che la produzione aggregata cambi automaticamente nella stessa direzione della spesa monetaria totale, si ritiene inevitabilmente che ogni aumento dei redditi nominali produca automaticamente un’offerta corrispondente di beni e servizi di consumo e di beni di capitale.
A sua volta questo disinteresse è la proiezione di un’inadeguata “teoria del capitale”: sulla scia degli economisti Frank Hyneman Knight e John Bates Clark, Keynes intende il capitale come un fondo omogeneo che si autoriproduce in grado, quindi, di andare oltre i beni di capitale, ossia oltre i suoi concreti ed eterogenei stadi intermedi di ogni processo di azione, soggettivamente considerati come tali dall’agente economico.
Si è detto che Keynes al contrario dei sottoconsumisti tradizionali non ignora la variabile tesaurizzazione, ma ciò, come si vedrà, non depone certamente a suo favore.
Il Keynes antecedente alla Teoria Generale si concentra sulle equazioni quantitative e mediante queste finisce per conferire alla velocità di circolazione del denaro vita propria, senza capire così che sono la domanda e l’offerta che gli individui fanno del denaro a determinare il valore dello stesso e la convenienza di come e quando spenderlo. La cosiddetta velocità di circolazione del denaro non ci dice nulla, infatti, su quale debba essere il meccanismo che permette di adeguare l’offerta di moneta alla sua domanda e con ciò di giungere alla stabilità monetaria.
Nel consegnare alla velocità di circolazione del denaro vita propria Keynes finisce per credere che un’autorità centrale, controllando le riserve bancarie, sia capace di adeguare l’offerta di totale di moneta bancaria di un’economia alla sua domanda e conseguentemente sia capace di evitare situazioni di eccedenza od insufficienza.
Ma la verità dei fatti è che, essendo il mondo economico contraddistinto dalla dispersione delle conoscenze di tempo e di luogo, solo per mezzo di una piena libertà di emissione della moneta e la decentralizzazione della riserva bancaria si può mettere a giusto punto quel meccanismo che consente un continuo adeguamento tra domanda ed offerta di moneta. Più ci si allontana da una piena libertà di emissione della moneta e dalla decentralizzazione della riserva bancaria più l’obiettivo della stabilità monetaria si allontana e con esso quello di strutture della produzione tendenti stabilmente all’equilibrio.
Nel momento in cui poi Keynes sostiene che se la velocità di circolazione diminuisce allora occorre aumentare l’offerta di moneta non si accorge che così facendo si va ad innescare un processo continuato di offerta di moneta che eccede la sua domanda, il quale processo non solo produce un rialzo non uniforme dei prezzi ma anche e, forse soprattutto, strutture della produzione insostenibili. In questa maniera, si può giungere ad una riduzione della disoccupazione nel breve periodo, nell’intervallo di tempo in cui il processo sequenziale di riaggiustamento dei prezzi non arriva a compimento, dopodiché si ribadiscono gli aspetti strutturali permanenti dell’economia, con l’aggravio, però, ora, di aver introdotto (altre) distorsioni allocative e di aver a che fare con un livello dei prezzi sicuramente più elevato a causa dell’incremento della spesa monetaria.
In seguito, il Keynes della Teoria Generale si spinge ancor un po’ più in là rispetto a quanto aveva dedotto con le equazioni quantitative ed aggiunge che pur di incentivare consumi ed investimenti ai danni della tesaurizzazione sarebbe auspicabile accettare una tassa sulla liquidità sul denaro a corso legale. Tuttavia, sposare una tale soluzione significa non comprendere che restringendo i diritti sulla proprietà ed i margini di scelta non si fa altro che allontanare tutti gli individui dal calcolo economico razionale e conseguentemente arrecare danno al complesso dell’economia.
La tesaurizzazione di beni mobili è un fenomeno antico quanto, se non più, del baratto. Accantonare riserve di liquidità per essere sicuri di far fronte ad eventuali pagamenti imprevisti rappresenta un metodo di impiegare le propria ricchezza del tutto consono al fatto che la dimensione economica dell’uomo è come “un continuo viaggio esplorativo verso risultati ignoti”. Gli individui (ciascuno di loro in possesso di una conoscenza circa le proprie circostanze di tempo e di luogo superiore a qualsiasi autorità centrale), inoltre, interagendo costantemente con l’ambiente economico circostante si possono rendere conto o meno se è il caso di aumentare o diminuire i propri saldi liquidi. Un aumento continuato e generale della variabile tesaurizzazione sta allora ad indicare che la società nel suo complesso vuole raggiungere lo scopo di preservare dalla distruzione il capitale o di trasferirlo in periodi economici futuri più propizi. Di conseguenza, un incremento continuato e generale alla tesaurizzazione va considerato non come una causa scatenante, bensì come una mera reazione spontanea degli agenti economici ad un ambiente economico circostante che favorisce il depauperamento piuttosto che l’arricchimento e la soluzione a ciò, dunque, non può essere coartare gli individui a spendere o a cedere parte del proprio reddito e delle proprie ricchezze, ma rendere questo ambiente più favorevole rispetto alle libere azioni individuali che vengono realizzate nel rispetto della proprietà altrui, azioni che rappresentano il motore di ogni sviluppo economico sostenibile.
Altro errore colossale della teoria keynesiana consiste nel ritenere il tasso di interesse un fenomeno monetario, determinato da offerta e domanda di moneta o dalla preferenza per la liquidità.
Il tasso di interesse è, invece, quel prezzo di mercato dei beni presenti in funzione dei beni futuri, un prezzo, quindi, espressione della disponibilità attuale delle risorse e dell’intensità psichica delle valutazioni soggettive dei beni presenti in relazione dei beni futuri. Pertanto, offerta e domanda di moneta determinano il prezzo della moneta (il potere di acquisto) non il tasso di interesse.
In conformità a tutto ciò, seppur molte azioni vengono sviluppate e concluse impiegando moneta come mediatore dello scambio, il tasso di interesse rappresenta, in verità, un fenomeno reale e non monetario.
La difficoltà, pertanto, sta nel far coincidere il tasso di interesse monetario con quel tasso che si determinerebbe se i beni si prestassero in natura senza la mediazione della moneta, e cioè con il tasso naturale di interesse.
Allorché il tasso di interesse monetario viene forzato al di sotto di questo tasso naturale di interesse si assiste ad una riduzione effimera che conduce a porre in essere mal
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parameter. The expectation of X may be computed by.
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This is sometimes called the law of the unconscious statistician. Ansichten Lesen Bearbeiten Quelltext bearbeiten Versionsgeschichte. Less roughly, the law of large numbers states that the arithmetic mean of the values almost surely converges to the expected value as the number of repetitions approaches infinity. I am having a hard time understanding where the information goes. Statistics Dictionary Absolute Value Accuracy Addition Rule Alpha Alternative Hypothesis Back-to-Back Stemplots Bar Chart Bayes Rule Bayes Theorem Bias Biased Estimate Bimodal Distribution Binomial Distribution Binomial Experiment Binomial Probability Binomial Random Variable Bivariate Data Blinding Boxplot Cartesian Plane Categorical Variable Census Central Limit Theorem Chi-Square Distribution Chi-Square Goodness of Fit Test Chi-Square Statistic Chi-Square Test for Homogeneity Chi-Square Test for Independence Cluster Cluster Sampling Coefficient of Determination Column Vector Combination Complement Completely Randomized Design Conditional Distribution Conditional Frequency Conditional Probability Confidence Interval Confidence Level Confounding Contingency Table Continuous Probability Distribution Continuous Variable Control Group Convenience Sample Correlation Critical Parameter Value Critical Value Cumulative Frequency Cumulative Frequency Plot Cumulative Probability Decision Rule Degrees of Freedom Dependent Variable Determinant Deviation Score Diagonal Matrix Discrete Probability Distribution Discrete Variable Disjoint Disproportionate Stratification Dotplot Double Bar Chart Double Blinding E Notation Echelon Matrix Effect Size Element Elementary Matrix Operations Elementary Operators Empty Set Estimation Estimator Event Event Multiple Expected Value Experiment Experimental Design F Distribution F Statistic Factor Factorial Finite Population Correction Frequency Count Frequency Table Full Rank Gaps in Graphs Geometric Distribution Geometric Probability Heterogeneous Histogram Homogeneous Hypergeometric Distribution Hypergeometric Experiment Hypergeometric Probability Hypergeometric Random Variable Hypothesis Test Identity Matrix Independent Independent Variable Influential Point Inner Product Interquartile Range Intersection Interval Estimate Interval Scale Inverse IQR Joint Frequency Joint Probability Distribution Law of Large Numbers Level Line Linear Combination of Vectors Linear Dependence of Vectors Linear Transformation Logarithm Lurking Variable Margin of Error Marginal Distribution Marginal Frequency Matched Pairs Design Matched-Pairs t-Test Matrix Matrix Dimension Matrix Inverse Matrix Order Matrix Rank Matrix Transpose Mean Measurement Scales Median Mode Multinomial Distribution Multinomial Experiment Multiplication Rule Multistage Sampling Mutually Exclusive Natural Logarithm Negative Binomial Distribution Negative Binomial Experiment Negative Binomial Probability Negative Binomial Random Variable Neyman Allocation Nominal Scale Nonlinear Transformation Non-Probability Sampling Nonresponse Bias Normal Distribution Normal Random Variable Null Hypothesis Null Set Observational Study One-Sample t-Test One-Sample z-Test One-stage Sampling One-Tailed Test One-Way Table Optimum Allocation Ordinal Scale Outer Product Outlier Paired Data Parallel Boxplots Parameter Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Percentage Percentile Permutation Placebo Point Estimate Poisson Distribution Poisson Experiment Poisson Probability Poisson Random Variable Population Power Precision Probability Probability Density Function Probability Distribution Probability Sampling Proportion Proportionate Stratification P-Value Qualitative Variable Quantitative Variable Quartile Random Number Table Random Numbers Random Sampling Random Variable Randomization Randomized Block Design Range Ratio Scale Reduced Row Echelon Form Region of Acceptance Region of Rejection Regression Relative Frequency Relative Frequency Table Replication Representative Residual Residual Plot Response Bias Row Echelon Form Row Vector Sample Sample Design Sample Point Sample Space Sample Survey Sampling Sampling Distribution Sampling Error Sampling Fraction Sampling Method Sampling With Replacement Sampling Without Replacement Scalar Matrix Scalar Multiple Scatterplot Selection Bias Set Significance Level Simple Random Sampling Singular Matrix Skewness Slope Standard Deviation Standard Error Standard Normal Distribution Standard Score Statistic Statistical Experiment Statistical Hypothesis Statistics Stemplot Strata Stratified Sampling Subset Subtraction Rule Sum Vector Symmetric Matrix Symmetry Systematic Sampling T Distribution T Score T Statistic Test Statistic Transpose Treatment t-Test Two-Sample t-Test Two-stage Sampling Two-Tailed Test Two-Way Table Type I Error Type II Error Unbiased Estimate Undercoverage Uniform Distribution Unimodal Distribution Union Univariate Data Variable Variance Vector Inner Product Vector Outer Product Vectors Voluntary Response Bias Voluntary Sample Y Intercept z Score. So the expectation is 3. The expected value of a measurable function of X , g X , given that X has a probability density function f x , is given by the inner product of f and g:. Lisa, If you follow the steps in this how-to, you can skip using the formula. Do not ask me again Ticking this sets a cookie to hide this popup if you then hit close. The art of probability for scientists and engineers. ACM Transactions on Information and System Security. In the continuous case, the results are completely analogous.
Expected value in statistics Video
How to find an Expected Value GCSE MATHS A-LEVEL MATHS GCSE to A-Level Pure Maths Statistics Mechanics A-Level Maths Past Papers Other A-Level Subjects REVISION TIMETABLE Revision Science REVISION WORLD Revision Videos. I see how they put the tables together thats not hard its just trying to figure out where the information goes. Home Tutorials AP Statistics Stat Tables Stat Tools Calculators Books Help. Diese Aussage ist auch als Formel von Wald bekannt. The expected value does not exist for random variables having some distributions with large "tails" , such as the Cauchy distribution. We then add these products to reach our expected value. The odds that you win the season pass are 1 out of The same principle applies to a continuous random variableexcept that an integral of the variable with respect to its probability density replaces the sum. Confidence Intervals Lesson 8: The EV of a random variable gives a measure of the center of the distribution of the variable. For other uses, see Expected value disambiguation. See the figure for an illustration of best ipone apps averages of longer sequences of rolls of the die and how they converge to the expected value of 3. Let g y be that function of y ; then E[ X Y ] is a random variable in its own right and is equal to g Y. For a discrete random variable X, the variance of X is written as Var X. Two variables with the same probability distribution will have the same expected value, if it is defined. ACM Transactions on Information and System Security. Assume one of the patients is chosen at random. Knowing such information can influence you decision on whether to find your match online. We present two techniques:.
Expected value in statistics - Erfinder von
See the figure for an illustration of the averages of longer sequences of rolls of the die and how they converge to the expected value of 3. In other words, each possible value the random variable can assume is multiplied by its probability of occurring, and the resulting products are summed to produce the expected value. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Glossary AP practice exam Problems and solutions Formulas Notation. Expected Value Discrete Random Variable given a formula, f x. For example, suppose X is a discrete random variable with values x i and corresponding probabilities p i. Es wird eine Münze geworfen.La leonessa che abbraccia i suoi salvatori – VIDEO
NOTIZIE INCREDIBILI – Sirga è una leonessa del Botwana che se l’è vista brutta: rischiava infatti di essere uccisa per colpa dell’uomo oppure di non aver nulla da mangiare. Lei e un altro branco di leoni, infatti, si trovavano in un’area troppo vicino ad un gruppo di agricoltori e non avevano abbastanza prede per sfamarsi.
Due ambientalisti, il Valentin Gruener e il danese Mikkel Legarth, sono riusciti tramite il progetto Modisa Wildlife Prject a spostare diversi leoni in un’area più protetta dove possono cacciare e procurarsi il cibo. Per ringraziarli, la leonessa del peso di 50 chili, invece che fare a fettine i due uomini è saltata loro addosso e li ha abbracciati. Così, giusto per ringraziarli. Non ci credete? Guardate il video!I recently received a request for assistance on an interesting project in Alaska. The owner was installing a floor-heating system that would be supplied from a propane-fired mod/con boiler as well as a cordwood gasification boiler.
The mod/con boiler would be installed in the house it would heat. The cordwood gasification boiler and its associated thermal storage tank would be installed in a well-insulated barn located about 100 feet from the house.
The owner wanted to use heat from the cordwood gasification boiler, when available, to heat the barn and the house. The mod/con boiler would serve as the auxiliary heat source for both the house and the barn during times when the cordwood boiler was either off or unable to meet the load.
Although this is a pretty simple objective, it’s not a “routine” installation. Heat would need to flow in both directions through insulated underground piping between the two buildings.
Other considerations included the fact that water heated by a cordwood boiler often is much hotter than required by floor-heating circuits. The water temperature from the cordwood boiler also would vary over a wide range, depending on its firing status.
The piping concept I suggested for this system is shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1. Domestic hot water is provided by an indirect water heater that’s operated as the priority load on the mod/con boiler.
Let’s examine this system starting on the house side. When the mod/con boiler needs to supply heat to house zones, it operates based on outdoor reset control. Circulator (P7) provides flow between that boiler and a hydraulic separator. The latter isolates the pressure dynamics of circulator (P7) from those of the variable-speed pressure-regulated distribution circulator (P6). It also provides air, dirt and magnetic particle separation in this portion of the system. The speed of circulator (P6) changes to maintain a set differential pressure across the distribution headers as the zone valves in the house open and close.
Domestic hot water is provided by an indirect water heater that’s operated as the priority load on the mod/con boiler. When domestic water heating is active, circulator (P8) is on, circulator (P7) is off and the mod/con boiler targets a higher supply water temperature.
The cordwood gasification boiler and its associated thermal storage tank can be thought of as the “biomass heat source.” Heat can come directly from the boiler if it’s operating or from the thermal storage tank if the boiler is off or possibly from both depending on the flow rate of hot water required by the load relative to that through the boiler.
The cordwood gasification boiler is manually fired. It cannot be turned on by a call for heat from a zone thermostat. Instead, the person responsible for the boiler needs to monitor the temperature of the thermal storage tank at least once per day, take into account the likely heating demand over the next 12-24 hours and fire the boiler accordingly.
Cordwood gasification boilers produce their highest efficiency and lowest emissions when “batch fired.” Once a small fire is kindled and some coals have formed, the upper combustion chamber is completely filled with cordwood and the boiler’s blower is turned on. The objective is to incinerate the chamber full of wood as quickly as possible and dump the resulting heat to the load or into thermal storage. The high rate of combustion can produce secondary combustion chamber temperatures in excess of 2,000° F, which minimizes emissions and produces average burn-cycle efficiencies in the range of 70-75%.
The loading unit between the cordwood boiler and thermal storage tank contains a high-flow capacity thermostatic mixing valve and a circulator. Its purpose is to keep the inlet temperature to the cordwood gasification boiler above 130° whenever possible. This prevents sustained flue-gas condensation, which could otherwise cause severe corrosion of the steel boiler and its venting system. When necessary, the loading unit mixes some of the hottest available water leaving the boiler with cooler water returning from the load or the lower portion of the thermal storage tank.
The Delta-P valve seen between the cordwood gasification boiler and thermal-storage tank is set for a forward-opening pressure of 1 to 1.5 psi. That’s sufficient to prevent cool water returning from the load from migrating through the boiler when it’s off. It’s also low enough that the Delta-P valve immediately opens when the loading unit circulator starts. The Delta-P valve also prevents forward or reverse thermosiphoning between the thermal storage tank and boiler when the loading unit circulator is off.
The normally open zone valve seen just below the Delta-P valve opens during any power outage. Its function is to allow a bypass of the Delta-P valve so forward thermosiphoning between the boiler and thermal storage tank is possible during a power outage. This allows residual heat from the boiler to be absorbed by the thermal storage tank.
The schematic also shows an (optional) uninterruptible power supply (UPS) that could be installed to keep the circulator in the loading unit operating for a nominal 30 minutes into a power outage. This is not an essential component given the other details for moving residual heat from the boiler during a power outage, but it’s a relatively simple and inexpensive adder that I recommend in situations where power outages are common.
Circulator (P2) draws hot water from the biomass boiler or thermal storage tank through a motorized 3-way mixing valve (MV1). The controller operating this valve could be set for the design-load supply water temperature required by the floor-heating circuits. It also could be set to operate using outdoor reset control. In either case it reduces the temperature of what could be very hot water coming from the biomass heat source to a value suitable for the floor-heating circuits. Keeping the mixing valve on the cordwood boiler side of the system also allows the underground piping to operate at the lower temperatures, which reduces heat loss to the ground.
The hydraulic separator to the right of circulator (P2) provides the same functions as the hydraulic separator in the house. These include isolating the pressure dynamics of circulators (P2) from those of (P3), as well as the pressure dynamics of (P4) or (P5) from those of (P2) and (P3). This separator also provides air, dirt and magnetic particle separation for the barn portion of the system.
The barn also is heated by floor circuits supplied through zone valves. Flow is created by a variable-speed pressure-regulated circulator (P3).
Going both ways
The need to move heat produced by the mod/con boiler from the house to the barn, as well as heat produced by the cordwood gasification boiler from the barn to the house, requires flow reversal through the underground piping. There are multiple ways to do this. They include:
The combination of a single circulator with 4-way/2-position reversing valve.
Two circulators pumping in opposite directions where the active circulator pushes flow backward through the inactive circulator.
Two circulators pumping in opposite directions, in combination with a motorized 3-way diverter valve.
Two circulators pumping in opposite directions, each equipped with a motorized ball valve that closes when its associated circulator is off.
There are pros and cons with each of these approaches. One limitation that’s common to methods 1, 2 and 3 is there always is an unblocked flow path through the underground piping between the house and barn. If the barn is being heated from the biomass heat source or the house is being heated by the mod/con boiler, there will be a slight pressure drop established across one of the hydraulic separators by circulator (P2) or (P7). This small but undesirable Delta-P is illustrated in Figure 2, which assumes use of a 3-way diverter valve to determine flow direction.
Figure 2. This small but undesirable Delta-P is illustrated here, which assumes use of a 3-way diverter valve to determine flow direction.
The small Delta-P between points A and B (house side of system) or between points C and D (barn side of system), establishes a slow flow of heated water through the underground piping since there is no component that completely blocks that flow path. Such a flow needlessly increases heat loss from the underground piping.
In Method 4, the two motorized ball valves, each equipped with a normally closed spring-return actuator, completely block heated water from migrating through the underground piping circuit when circulators (P4) and (P5) are both off, and circulator (P2) or (P7) is operating. The motorized valves should have full-port bodies with high Cv ratings to minimize head loss. Each would be wired to open when its associated circulator (P4) or (P5) is turned on. Each valve would be closed by a spring return actuator as soon as its associated circulator turns off.
Ideally, points A and B should be located as close to the “house” hydraulic separator as possible. Likewise, points C and D should be located as close to the “barn” hydraulic separator as possible. Doing so minimizes the Delta-P developed across the separators.
Pressure equalization of the barn and house portions of the system takes place through the underground pipe (shown in blue) and not containing circulators or motorized valves. This path should remain unblocked whenever the system is capable of operating to ensure pressure balance.
A single expansion tank sized for the entire system volume, or multiple smaller tanks piped in parallel, all should connect to the system at one location. This avoids creating multiple points of no pressure change in the system by having expansion tanks at multiple locations.
The fundamental objective of this system is to use heat supplied by the biomass heat source whenever possible and only supplement that heat using the propane-fired mod/con boiler when necessary. Thus, the key control parameter is the temperature of water available from the biomass heat source. A call from any zone thermostat in either building zone initiates a controller that looks at the temperature of the upper storage-tank header sensor (S1).
If temperature of (S1) is greater than or equal to some minimum value that can provide acceptable comfort in either building, the biomass heat source provides the necessary heat. Circulator (P2) and mixing valve (MV1) operate if a zone in the barn calling for heat circulator (P3) is turned on. If a zone in the house is calling for heat, the circulator (P6) (P4) and motorized ball valve (MV4) are turned on.
When setting the minimum temperature criteria for using the biomass heat source, keep in mind there will be some temperature drop through the underground piping. Thus, the water temperature arriving at the “house” hydraulic separator from the biomass boiler will be slightly lower than that arriving at the “barn” hydraulic separator.
If the temperature at (S1) is less than the minimum value for floor heating, the mod/con boiler is fired along with circulator (P7). If the zone calling for heat is in the house, turn on circulator (P6). If the zone calling for heat is in the barn, turn on circulators (P3), (P5) and motorized ball valve (MV5).
The controller making the decision for the minimum temperature at sensor (S1) should have a suitable differential to prevent abrupt changes in which heat source is called when a load occurs.
Although this system is a bit out of the ordinary, it demonstrates how readily available hydronics hardware can be crafted to the needs of very specific situations. It also embodies best practices such as hydraulic separation, variable-speed pumping and reducing extraneous heat loss.
Perhaps you can use it, or some variant of it, in a future application.Kanada Teknik Direktörü John Herdman, takım kaptanı Beşiktaşlı Atiba Hutchinson'un sakatlığıyla ilgili açıklama yaptı.
Dünya Kupası öncesi Katar ve Uruguay ile karşı karşıya gelecek olan Kanada'nın hocası Herdman, Atiba'nın iyileşmesini dört gözle
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