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商品视为知名商品。
2.自公告之日起，著名商标所有人、使用人可以在其核定使用的商品及其包装、装潢、说明书、业务函件、广告宣传、展览以及其它业务活动中使用“***省著名商标”字样。
3.在著名商标所指商品的同类商品中，他人不得实施下列行为：
①将与著名商标相同或者近似的文字、图形、字母、数字、三维标志和颜色组合,以及上述要素的组合作为商品名称、包装、装潢使用或者作为未注册商标使用,且可能造成相关公众误认的;
②使用著名商标所指商品特有的或者与其近似的名称、包装、装潢,且可能造成相关公众误认的。
4.在与著名商标所指商品不相同或者不相类似的商品上,将与著名商标相同或者相近似的文字、图形、字母、数字、三维标志和颜色组合以及上述要素的组合作为商品名称、包装、装潢使用或者作为未注册商标使用,且可能造成相关公众误认的,著名商标所有人、使用人可以请求工商行政管理部门予以制止。
5. 他人将与著名商标相同或者近似的文字作为企业名称、字号使用,并可能对著名商标的权益造成损害的,工商行政管理部门不予登记。但是,企业名称、字号登记在先的除外。
6. 商标维权不用愁-- 《反不正当竞争法中》对知名商品的保护中特别指出：禁止他人擅自使用其特有的名称、包装和装潢。凡获得湖南省著名商标认定的，本市工商行政管理机关可依据职能，对被认定的商标扩大保护到企业字号，即禁止他人在相同或相关行业内将著名商标用作企业字号。工商行政管理机关在日常的市场检查中，将著名商标列为重点，开展经常性的专项执法活动。
7.做大品牌打造市场---“著名商标”有益于企业扩大商标的社会知名度和市场影响力。许多著名商标企业纷纷通过申请“著名商标”来推动企业制定实施商标发展战略。同时，被认定为 “著名商标”，给企业争创中国“驰名商标”创造了有利的条件。
根据我国法律规定，要想注册知名商标首先要通过省级工商行政管理部门的认定，而且其认定方式是非常严格的，对产品的质量要求也很高。以上便是找法网小编为大家带来知名商标申请需要具备的条件的相关知识。若大家还有其他疑问亦或是其他问题，欢迎咨询找法网。
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相关问答Portekizli futbolcu, Spor Toto Süper Lig'in 22. haftasında oynanan ve Beşiktaş'ın 1-0'lık galibiyetiyle son bulan Gençlerbirliği mücadelesi sırasında tribünlerden atılan bir kırmızı kartı yerden alarak hakeme gösterdi.
BU KART SENİN Mİ?
''Hocam, hocam'' diye hakemi çağıran Quaresma, uzaktan el işaretleri yaparak "Bu kart senin mi?" dedi.
Quaresma'nın bu hareketi sonrası tribünlerden alkış sesleri yükseldi. Yıldız oyuncu yaptığı bu esprili hareketle sosyal medyada da çok konuşuldu.Over the coming decades, the world will consume much more energy than it does today. After all, wherever access to reliable and affordable energy escalates, the people are going to enjoy higher standards of living.
That’s good in a way!
This need gave rise to the demand of coming up with some innovations that can help both co-exist in a way that suffices the growing need of humans as well as contributes to climate control.
Energy Innovation – The Need of the Hour
Energy is primary and used everywhere – schools and commercial areas keep running, the city lights keep shining, vehicles keep moving and so on!
With the world facing an urgent need to transform its energy system, the stress on developing and deploying low or zero-carbon technologies increased on a dramatic scale.
The developed countries like the United States and Europe are already willing to change their consumption patterns and businesses to incorporate energy – precisely, clean energy, but the developing nations won’t be able to afford to pay the required premium for this access.
The reason for this is simple – today’s clean energy technologies like wind, solar, electric vehicles, smart grids, and energy storage are more expensive. So, there has to be some way out that these renewable energysources are available to the world in such a way that their increasing needs are met with, but without burning a hole in their pockets.
For this, various trends have been coming up that can let the countries embrace sustainable energy solutions in a way that they even prove to be an energy saver.
Read more about the innovations in this article here.Temple study suggests using smaller plates to keep kids' portion sizes in check
New research suggests a simple solution may help keep kids' portion sizes in check: smaller plates.
Grown-ups long long been told to downsize dishes to make smaller portions look like more food.
But Temple University associate public health professor Jennifer Orlet Fisher said conventional wisdom held that kids are better than adults at eating when they're hungry, and stopping when they're full. Her recent study challenges that notion.
"The results of this study suggest that aspects of kids' eating environments are influencing how much is enough when they're serving themselves in a way that has nothing to do with whether they are hungry or full," Orlet Fisher said.
Orlet Fisher gave first-graders in a private North Philly school dishes about the size of dinner plates or salad plates at different serve-yourself lunches.
She found kids with the bigger plates helped themselves to 90 calories more, and ate about half of those additional calories.
"I think that most of us are happy just to get food on the table, and we're not sitting down necessarily with measuring cups to figure out how much to serve kids," Orlet Fisher said. "This is something relatively straightforward and simple that parents can do without a lot of extra work that may help keep kids' portion sizes in check."
Orlet Fischer says the additional calories on the larger plates were more likely to be carbohydrates or protein. Kids rarely served themselves extra vegetables.The book, containing a wealth of illustrative material, acquaints the reader with complex numbers and operations on them and also with conformal mappings, that is mappings which preserve the angles (they are employed in cartography, mechanics, physics).
After seeing two books Areas and Logarithms | Remarkable Curves we now come to Complex Numbers and Conformal Mappings by A. I. Markushevich in the Little Mathematics Library. We will in the future see more books from him.
The book acquaints the reader with complex numbers and
functions of a complex argument (including Zhukovsky’s function as applied to the construction of a wing section). The material is presented in a geometric form. Complex numbers are considered as directed line segments and functions as mappings. To prepare the reader to such an understanding of complex numbers, we begin with a geometric interpretation of real numbers and operations on them. The book is based on a lecture delivered by the author to high-school students. To read the book, the reader need not be acquainted with complex numbers.
It is intended for all those who are
interested in mathematics and primarily for high-school
students, it can also be of use for self-education. For proper
comprehension of the content of the book the reader must posses
high-school knowledge of mathematics.
The book was translated from the Russian by Irene Aleksanova and was first published by Mir in 1982. This book was also part of the Public Lectures in Mathematics – Volume 8 (PLM) which was published in 1960’s. Link below is for the Mir version.
PDF | OCR | Cover | Bookmarked | 4.4 MB | 68 pp | 600 dpi
You can get the book here.
For Magnet / Torrent Links go here.
Sections 1 to 34
Problems and SolutionAbout this column:
In a weekly column written alternately by Eveline van Zeeland, Eugene Franken, Katleen Gabriels, PG Kroeger, Carina Weijma, Bernd Maier-Leppla, Willemijn Brouwer and Colinda de Beer, Innovation Origins tries to figure out what the future will look like. These columnists, sometimes joined by guest bloggers, are all working in their own way to find solutions to the problems of our time. Please read previous episodes here.
A few weeks ago, I attended a press conference held by the Association of German Engineers (VDI) that extolled the benefits of hydrogen-based rail transport. The background is clear: Germany still has numerous rail lines that are not electric. Electrifying them with overhead lines would make little sense from a financial point of view and would be difficult to implement thanks to Germany’s “speedy” bureaucracy and objections from the population. But the current use of diesel locomotives should be ended soon for environmental reasons.
Electricity or hydrogen?
Much like heavy-duty transport, the two most promising alternatives, namely fuel cell or battery operation, were discussed. In the end, the specialists of the VDI Railway Technology Advisory Board and Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Technical Committee came to the conclusion that hydrogen-powered trains are the best solution.
Powering ships with hydrogen from methanol – Innovation Origins
According to the European Environment Agency, maritime transport is responsible for over three percent of the total carbon emissions in the European Union. In 2019 … Continued
Objections and energy policy
The objections of the press representatives present were hardly worth mentioning until I asked the question about the supply of “green hydrogen.” My impression: the VDI representatives present actually found the question somewhat out of place. Because, they argued, it was primarily a matter of evaluating which system was the most cost-effective.
Hydrogen filling stations, etc.
My follow-up question concerned infrastructure. Hydrogen refueling stations, I objected, would cost many times as much as an electric solution, which is already available given the current state of electrification of the railroads.
And finally, I pointed out the high electricity costs for producing “green hydrogen,” which would be many times the cost of simply charging a battery. Plus, “green energy” is scarce and should be used as efficiently as possible.
Of course, such objections are unfair. What emerged during the discussion, however, was the technical ignorance of those responsible, which unfortunately permeates many areas of society.
One increasingly gets the impression—especially in Germany—that many things are no longer thought through. Hydrogen is a great idea if you know where to get it as cheaply as possible and without CO2 emissions. In times of a worldwide energy crisis, however, interdisciplinary financial and climate considerations would be of fundamental importance here.
Those involved in the press conference referred to North African supplies (not yet available), hydrogen pipelines (still to be built, not even in the planning stage), transports from windy areas like Patagonia (nothing decided or agreed upon yet) and other possibilities (we’ll get to that in a moment). Thus, one got the impression that hydrogen production is just a minor detail.
The German government works sloppily, too
Just over a week ago, the Federal Ministry of Economics and Climate Protection (emphasis by the author) under Robert Habeck announced the receipt of the first hydrogen shipment from the United Arab Emirates. What was not emphasized was the fact that it was so-called “blue hydrogen.” As is well known, this is obtained from the steam reduction of natural gas. Incidentally, this is precisely the natural gas that is currently in short supply and has become expensive in the EU. On top of that, this production generates CO2 emissions—not in the EU, of course, but in a country that already has the world’s second-highest per capita emissions of precisely this greenhouse gas. That didn’t seem to bother the green minister in the least.
The so-called traffic light coalition in Germany actually started out claiming it would tackle the climate issue head-on. But in recent weeks and months, it has become clear that the biggest advocates of a sustainable climate policy are instead doing it one disservice after another.
One final fun fact
The Deutsche Bahn now seems to have determined that hydrogen cannot be the solution. More and more battery-electric trains are being awarded contracts for non-electrified sections of track. Most recently, its regional train division, DBRegio, declared in September 2022 that it intended to run electric trains in the state of Saarland beginning in 2025.
So common sense has not been completely lost.آیا برای رسیدن به مسابقه نهایی جام جهانی و فتح آن, فرمول مشخصی وجود دارد آیا دستورعملی برای موفقیت وجود دارد
209 کشور در سرتاسر دنیا عضو فیفا هستند و با این حال 20 تیم از 24 تیمی که در 50 سال گذشته به فینال رقابت های جام جهانی رسیده اند، تنها از 5 کشور برزیل، آرژانتین، ایتالیا، آلمان و هلند بوده اند. این کشورها به همراه انگستان، فرانسه و اسپانیا، تنها سرزمین هایی هستند که بعد از جایگزینی رینگو استار به جای پیت بست در گروه The Beatles، به فینال جام جهانی پای گذاشته اند.
آیا برای رسیدن به مسابقه نهایی جام جهانی و فتح آن، فرمول مشخصی وجود دارد؟ آیا دستورعملی برای موفقیت وجود دارد؟ و اگر چنین است، راه های رسیدن به قله دنیا چیست؟ چرا هیچ گاه کشورهایی مثل غنا، ژاپن، آمریکا و یا حتی تیم ملی کشورمان، امیدی به فتح جام جهانی ندارند و هر یک در حد وسع خود، صعود از مرحله گروهی یا حضور در جمع 8 تیم نهایی را برای خود هدف گذاری می کنند؟
در مورد فاکتورهای موفقیت، هیچ کدام کافی نیست، ولی هر چه قدر بیشتر در موارد هشت گانه زیر پیشرفت کنید، امید قهرمانی جهان در کشور شما بیشتر خواهد شد. ESPN این موارد را انتخاب و به قلم گابریله مارکوتی، معرفی کرده و طرفداری ترجمه آن را در 3 بخش، تقدیم می کند:
یک - جمعیت کل کشور
هر چه افراد بیشتری در یک کشور وجود داشته باشند، احتمال پیدا کردن 11 نفر مناسب که بتوانند با غلبه بر حریفان، جام قهرمانی جهان را بالای سر خود ببرند، بالاتر می رود. 7 کشور از 8 کشوری که در بالا اشاره شد، جزو 30 کشور پرجمعیت جهان هستند و تنها استثنا در این مورد، هلند است.
تعداد جمعیت بیشتر، احتمال ظهور سوپر استاری که بتواند جریان هر بازی را تغییر دهد هم را بالاتر می برد. در سال 1986، دیگو مارادونا یک تنه توانست آرژانتین را بر بام جهان بنشاند. علاوه بر این، او دو گل در یک چهارم نهایی مقابل انگلیس و دو گل دیگر در مرحله نیمه نهایی مقابل بلژیک، به ثمر رساند. در نهایت هم این شماره 10 افسانه ای سابق ناپولی و بارسلونا بود که پاس گل مربوط به گل برتری تیمش به خورخه بوروچاگا در مقابل آلمان غربی را ارسال کرد تا آنها 3 بر دو پیروز شوند.
شاید اکنون فکر کنید که اگر فاکتور جمعیت اهمیت دارد، پس تکلیف اندونزی و هند و چین و بنگلادش و پاکستان چه می شود؟ آنها روی هم، جمعیت نیمی از کره زمین را تشکیل می دهند، ولی روی هم فقط یک بار به جام جهانی رسیده اند. فاکتور بعدی مساله را روشن تر می کند.
دو - خط تولید
پنج کشوری که در ابتدا ذکر شدند، در مجموع صاحب یک و نیم میلیون نفر بازیکن ثبت شده فوتبالی هستند. این رقم یک پنجاهم جمعیت آن 5 کشور در مجموع است. قسمت اعظم بازیکنانی که در جام جهانی می بیند، همین مسیر را طی کرده اند. آنها در کودکی بازی را در خیابان، پارک یا حیاط های منازل شروع کرده و معمولا قبل از 16 سالگی، به یک باشگاه رسمی منتقل شده اند.
این باشگاه می تواند رده های تیمی رئال مادرید و یا بخش جوانان یک باشگاه محلی دسته چندمی باشد، ولی این باشگاه، نهادی منظم و صاحب استعدادیاب بوده است. این افراد می توانند استعدادیاب های حرفه ای، مربیان و یا والدینی باشند که در باشگاه های بزرگ تر، آشنایانی دارند که در پرورش استعدادهای نو، دستی در کار دارند.
بدون این مرحله، خط تولید ناقص است. فوتبال، به خصوص در کشورها و مناطق در حال توسعه، مملو از جوانان با استعداد و ورزشکار است که به راحتی خارج از سیستم قرار می گیرند. آنها شناخته نمی شوند، پیشرفت نمی کنند و هیچ گاه به قله نمی رسند.
به قلم گابریله مارکوتی از ESPNMusul Operasyonu: Irak güçleri kentin batısında 'köprü ele geçirdi'
Irak güçleri, Musul'da IŞİD militanlarını şehrin güneybatısınan sürmelerinin ardından, Dicle Nehri üzerindeki bir köprüyü ele geçirdiklerini duyurdu.
Federal Polis Acil Müdahale gücü, Jawsaq semtine doğru ilerlediklerini ve Dördüncü Köprü'yü aldıklarını belirtti.
Musul'da, şehri doğu ve batı şeklinde ikiye bölen Dicle Nehri üzerinde bulunan beş köprü, çatışmalarda ağır hasar almıştı.
Ancak onarılmasının ardından Dördüncü Köprü'nün, Irak Ordusu'nun elindeki kentin doğu kesiminden batıya takviye getirmesine yardımcı olacağı söyleniyor.
Bu arada Birleşmiş Milletler (BM) yardım görevlileri, Musul'un batısında, IŞİD'in elinde tuttuğu bölgede yaşayan 750 bin kişinin durumundan çok kaygılı olduklarını açıkladı.
Dünya Gıda Programı, bölgede yaşayan bazı ailelerin gıda fiyatlarında büyük artış yaşandığını bildirdiğini ve hiç yiyecek alamadıklarını anlattıklarını açıkladı.
46 yaşındaki bir adamın "Durum inanılmaz. Yiyecek, temiz su, ısınmak için gaz, ilaç ve hiçbir hizmet yok" dediği aktarıldı.
Musul'u IŞİD'in elinden geri almak için girişilen operasyonun dört ay önce başlamasından bu yana, Batı Musul'da gıda az bulunur oldu.
Hükümet güçleri, ABD öncülüğündeki koalisyonun verdiği hava desteği ve karadaki askeri danışmanlarla IŞİD'in ikmal hatlarını kesti.
- Musul operasyonu: Rudaw muhabiri hayatını kaybetti
- Musul harekâtı neden en
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sağlamak, ihtiyaçlarını karşılamak, sağlık hizmetleri konusunda yardımcı olmak, arkadaşlık ve sosyal destek sağlamak, danışmanlık ve psikolojik destek vermek yer alır. Ancak, bu konuda profesyonel yardım ve öneriler için sağlık uzmanlarına başvurmak önemlidir.
Hasta kişilere yardım, hasta bakımı, sağlık hizmetleri, psikolojik destek, moral desteği, hasta ziyareti, hasta bakım önerileri, sağlık hizmetleri yardımı, hasta destek hizmetleri, hasta bakım ipuçlarıBy Morgane Bodin
Examine the role of any social vector (race, class, gender, etc.) in your project. If race or gender are social constructs, how exactly are they constructed in the everyday world of your project?
- The ideas and persuasive language used in correspondence to promote cultures of philanthropy among specific social groups
During our ethnographic project, we have collaborated with the researcher Renée Steenbergen, FOAM museum and the Dutch National Opera & Ballet about art philanthropy among a younger public. From this rich learning experience, we wanted to apply our knowledge about how to reach and to gather people for funding the arts. To do so, we have created a virtual cultural project called The Hub, that has been presented in front of the class. The goal of this performative presentation was to convince the students of the class to get involved in the organization of the Hub. To encourage our classmates of Art & Society Master, we employed the tools that the institutions we worked with use for their own donors to get contribution and participation.
Presentation of the Hub Utrecht
The Hub Utrecht is a place to connect the cultural life of Utrecht. It is materialized by space where artists and art practitioners from all kinds of disciplines can come and rehearse, exhibit, learn and perform. It is also a spot for critical thought and in depth conversation about a wide range of topics, where no opinions are incorrect. We want the most true form of Habermas’ Public Sphere to be present in the Hub: “an area in social life where individuals can come together to freely discuss and identify societal problems, and through that discussion influence political action”. We all have faith in the power of arts and culture for influencing the local politics and social life in our city of Utrecht. Next to that we also want to connect with the established cultural institutions that Utrecht has to offer, along with a financial support from the municipality.
Analysis of Our Performance and feedbacks
The Target Public
We have created the Hub from our target public, the students of Art & Society Master at Utrecht University. According to what we know about our classmates, their profile and interests, we built the project specifically for them to feel concerned and encourage them to get involved in it. In that way, the origin of the project is a targeting strategy. Our public comprises international young students, well educated, interested in the role of culture and the arts in society, and most of them live in Utrech. From that characteristics, we thought about creating a utopian project that would fit the best our targeted demographic. Therefore, the project required that we correspond to the interest of our public in order to convince them to be part of this undertaking. Consequently, we agreed that the Hub should be: dynamic, does not involved money, based on volunteering, about sharing knowledge, locally engaged in Utrecht and opened to cultural exchange.
The targeting strategy came from our experience with the Dutch National Opera & Ballet, with who we created questionnaires in order to know more about the donors. This institutional approach is meant to better satisfy what their public expect and to retain on the long term their donors. This method requires the notion of Capital from Pierre Bourdieu and the analysis of Eleanor Brown & James M. Ferris about the correlation between social capital and philanthropic behavior. We discover through our readings and our experience at the FOAM museum that youngest donors are more interested in the social benefits (social capital) of donation circle than any form of prestige or social recognition (symbolic capital). It was for us important that the Hub would be a space of encounter and where you can create contacts between the artists and art practitioners of Utrecht. We are convinced that networking is a good argument to get our public involved in the project.
Connecting people and ethic of the project
During the first blocs of courses in Art & Society we realized that a lot of conversations where very critical about the business orientation of the art world and the neoliberal ideology that affects a lot contemporary art. In that way, the Hub was also the occasion to propose an alternative to this economic reality. We have done some research about alternative economy and non-profit organizations as shareable.net does. This movement of ‘sharing transformation’ is a bottom-up program where people collaborate and try to find together ways to make their life more sustainable, to develop solidarity economies, collaborative consumption, and social enterprise. In the same dynamic, we are looking for an alternative to connect people of Utrecht around a common interest for the arts and culture, along with breaking the capitalist rules of profit, consummation and commodification. Volunteering based and time giving was for us the most relevant way to break with a business orientation and get the students involved. And here again, the networking became a very important feature for the Hub and a local collaboration with the already existing cultural organizations of the city appears relevant to us. It would allow the project to stay connected with the roots of the Utrecht’s cultural life, to connect a broader type of public and to get some legitimacy among the municipality – from who we expected receiving funds.
At the end of the presentation the main question form the public was about the inclusiveness of the project: “is-it an inclusive project or just another hipster project?”. It seems that our project is necessarily exclusive indeed, because made for the particular audience of well-educated students. This moment highlighted more than ever the kind of expectations our public had about social engagement and inclusiveness, however we did not completely fit with their ideals. It reveals that the questions of ethic of a project matters a lot in order to get people involved and participating in it.
Performance and Interaction with the public
We choose to present our project as lecture, supported by a power point in order to make our point clearer. If communication is an important tool for convincing people, we also prepared the performance by creating a facebook page where we could share the events in Utrecht that were fitting our approach and in that way, giving already an idea of how the Hub could help in connecting people with the kind of events they are interested in. Then, the creation of our website was the occasion to build our visual identity.
If the presentation was targeting a group, we also wanted to reach individually the people from the audience in order to make them feel more concerned by our project. That is why, we proposed several examples of projects that were corresponding to the personal interest of each person. The goal is to give to everyone the possibility to make this project his own and help them to have a more concrete idea of the possibilities we were offering. We learned his individual targeting with Mathilde Smith raise funder from the FOAM museum. She insisted a lot on the importance of a “home feeling” that you should give to every potential donor. There is a value in making individuals feel special, unique and considered. Whatever the project you are trying to sell, the human side in philanthropy and collaborative project is the most important.
We really appreciated the last part of our presentation that was more about feedbacks from our public. One of our classmate raised very justly the question of the vocabulary that we were employing and that was part of our strategy of communication. It was in a certain way very enjoyable to use and even caricaturize the normalization of vocabulary in the cultural field – as ‘transformative’, ‘alternative’, ‘inclusive’, ‘socially engaged’, and so on. Our goal was to use the same vocabulary that projects we are seduced by were excessively using. It shows the limit of collaborative and socially engaged projects that target also a certain public according to what ethically they will approve. We believe that the vocabulary usage during this presentation was the most performative aspect of the project.
By this performance we wanted to apply the strategy of reach future participants in a cultural project – as we have learned all along our field research and readings about art philanthropy and the young donors. It was a playful way to question the strategy of demographic targeting and communication form these cultural institutions. Moreover, it was a good exercise for self-criticism about which kind of project we – as art students – want to get involved in and to question their strategy and ethic. The final discussion was the occasion to build a collective critic of our virtual project and communication strategy, which we really enjoyed.
However, we still believe in the Hub Utrecht. In a context of cultural events abundance, one of our classmate underlined that it could be a useful filter for artists and art practitioners to get in contact with the organization that correspond the most to their interests and develop a more collaborative system in the cultural scene of Utrecht.Reacting badly when your child is showing signs of questioning their sexuality makes everything worse, so it pays to be prepared in some key ways, no matter the outcome.
Parents need to understand that questioning ones sexuality is a normal and healthy part of growing up, and it doesn’t mean your child is going to swing – or not swing – a certain way. It’s likely throughout their life they will repeatedly question, just as you may have (even in secret!).
What is ‘questioning’ of one’s sexuality?
Questioning one’s sexuality occurs when a person isn’t sure exactly how their sexual orientation – who they like to have sex with – swings. It could be a question of being gay, straight, bi, or ‘queer’, which just means, ‘not sure’ or ‘all’. It could mean questioning if one is asexual, meaning having no sexual orientation at all.
A study has found that while we assume that ‘hetero’ is the default, many people will actually question if they are in fact heterosexual, since they may understand themselves to be gay or bisexual.
A study of heterosexual-identified women reported that most were ‘deliberately identifying as heterosexual after contemplating alternative possibilities’. What this tells us is that questioning is very common and normal, and is a questioning process that teenagers face.
Bisexual vs sexual fluidity – what’s the difference?
Sexuality changes throughout our lives – or can do. Partner choices can shift around, and we often see this as a big bold statement about who we are. What’s strange is that we expect people to stick to their one choice, announced early on, and never change, unless it’s to ‘go gay’ later in life. This is unfair, since we change many of our other tastes across the course of our lives, explore other options, and have adventures. Our sexuality should be allowed the same flexibility.
We sometimes confuse elements of sexuality, particularly being sexually fluid and being bisexual. Bisexuality is a sexual orientation that includes sexual attraction to one’s same gender, and other genders. Being sexually fluid means that sexual attraction is situational, depends on the partner, environment, and life situation.
How sexually fluid someone is is separate from sexual orientation. This means that someone who may identify as straight, but sometimes has sex with someone of the same gender, is not bisexual, but sexually fluid. Being attracted to someone of the same gender does not make us automatically homosexual, but in fact may indicate sexual fluidity instead.
Sexual orientation doesn’t mean sex itself
Often, young people are not engaging in sexual activity, but may understand sexual orientation. It’s not that important who is having sex with whom. This means when you talk to your kids about sexual orientation, don’t focus on actual sex. It’s usually not the most important thing.
Sexual orientation does not mean ‘having sex’. It means concepts about self, romantic interests, and one’s identity. On top of this we have gender norms to deal with, which could mean our child isn’t sure if they are asexual or even transgender. Sex with another person may not be how they identify themselves.
Questioning sexuality doesn’t mean they’ve done it
You may worry that your kids have just had sex with someone, and are now in the process of questioning their sexuality. This often isn’t the case. Most kids have questions well before the sex stuff happens. Parents don’t question a kid’s heterosexuality doesn’t involve sex – it’s assumed that a child knows they are heterosexual prior to any sex happening – so naturally the same applies to all kids.
Supporting your child
It’s not a phase.
They won’t ‘grow out of it’. So don’t say it and don’t tease them. Dismissing or humiliating your child like this can be devastating to them.
Are you homophobic?
It can be hard to admit to being homophobic, but you really need to check this at the door when it comes to talking to your kid about sexuality. You need to realise that your child needs you to tell them you love and accept them 100 per cent no matter what sexual orientation they are, and that means don’t say that homophobic thing! Just don’t say it. If you are stuck for positive words, just repeat: I love you and accept you no matter what. Then, rush yourself to a counsellor to get help digesting this information, and learn how to talk about it later.
It’s ok to find it challenging, but don’t pass that challenge on to your kid. Learn how to do better. If your life revolves around a group (usually religious) with anti-LGBTQIA+ beliefs, it’s time to leave and find a more open, less literal interpretation of religion. Your child needs you. Join a support group – you aren’t the only parent going through this.
It’s ok for your child to be having sex.
We all know how hard it is to find out your child is sexually active, but as long as they are being safe – and know how to be safe – they are entitled to do this. You don’t get to decide this. Risky sex typically comes from ignorance, so make sure you educate your child on safe and healthy sex. Teenagers having sex is not inherently dangerous, and most parents would be surprised to find how safe and conscientious their kids were in practice. Education is key.
Your child may already know their sexual orientation.
In this case, some of the hard work is already done, and the questioning process may be over, very short, or non-existent.
Nobody thinks it’s weird if you like vanilla one day, then switch to chocolate, then later start to love strawberry. Allow your kids the flexibility to change their minds.- The definition of a cash crop is a crop grown for the purpose of selling it, rather than using or consuming it personally.
Cotton that you grow in order to sell is an example of a cash crop.
Cotton is a cash crop.
a crop grown by a farmer primarily for sale to others rather than for his or her own use
A crop, such as tobacco, grown for direct sale rather than for livestock feed.Mostly woodlanders with pretty spring flowers before the trees leaf up. They associate well with other spring flowers such as Epimediums and Corydalis flexuosa but are also useful where later plants come up as the Anemones often die down in midsummer, especially if dry.
The majority of Anemones we grow now are the wood anemones, which are mostly Anemone nemorosa cultivars. Anemone nemorosa is a British native but is also found throught much of the rest of Europe, the British plants tending to be near white (blueish or pinkish), the brighter and deeper colours mostly originate from other parts of Europe. The wood anemones are adapted to grow in deciduous woodland which means that they come up early in the spring and flower before the trees and shrubs grow their new leaves. The wood anemones then slowly die down during the summer as the soil dries out under the trees, remaining dormant until the following spring to start again.
Most of the anemones we offer (including the wood anemones) have an underground, twiggy, root that they grow from each spring. This twiggy root lies just beneath the leaf litter in the wild so tends to be in the top half of pot grown plants, and may be right on the surface of the pot! Do not be tempted to bury them too deep. Also bear in mind that as they are dormant from midsummer to early spring you may just appear to get a pot of compost for slightly over half the year!
Due to pest and disease problems we no longer grow the autumn flowering Japanese anemones, they seem to get everything going and just aren't worth the effort of growing in pots. This actually makes us feel better as we don't have to use chemicals to keep them looking presentable.
Chocolate brown tinted new leaves turn to green with the double yellow flowers nestled in a ruff of green bracts in early to mid spring. Good woodland soil in light shade, under deciduous trees is ideal. 15cm.被判刑后还能提起民事诉讼吗？诈骗罪需要什么证据才能定罪？
2023-06-19 10:13:52 来源：法制法律网
一、诈骗罪被判刑后还能提起民事诉讼吗
诈骗罪被判刑后还能提起民事诉讼。关于诈骗罪附带民事诉讼公安机关对于赃物的认定比较容易，但对于是否属赃款所购的赃物，公安机关在认定上比较困难，因此，由此公安机关去查封、扣押犯罪嫌疑人的其他个人财产就很难。法律也没有规定受害人在侦查、审查起诉阶段可以向侦察、公诉机关申请财产保全的权利。
二、如何才能认定诈骗罪
1.诈骗罪的主体为一般主体;
2.主观方面是出于直接故意，且以非法占有为目的;
3.侵害的客体是公私财物所有权;
4.客观方面表现为行为人使用虚构事实或者隐瞒真相等欺诈方法，骗取数额较大的公私财物的行为。
根据《刑法》第二百六十六条规定，诈骗公私财物，数额较大的，处三年以下有期徒刑、拘役或者管制，并处或者单处罚金;数额巨大或者有其他严重情节的，处三年以上十年以下有期徒刑，并处罚金;数额特别巨大或者有其他特别严重情节的，处十年以上有期徒刑或者无期徒刑，并处罚金或者没收财产。
三、诈骗罪需要什么证据才能定罪
诈骗罪定罪的证据如下：
1.可以证明犯罪嫌疑人有诈骗故意的物证，是指证明案件真实情况的一切物品和痕迹。
2.证明诈骗金额及转账流水的书证，是指以其记载的内容和反映的思想来证明案件真实情况的书面材料或其他物质材料等等。
3.自己或者相关人员提供的证人证言证人，是指证人就其所了解的案件情况向公安司法机关所作的陈述。证人证言一般是口头陈述，以笔录加以固定;办案人员同意由证人亲笔书写的书面证词，也是证人证言。İki tür PoE cihazı vardır. Güç Kaynağı Ekipmanı (PSE) olarak adlandırılan, cihaz
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1917 that the government would introduce conscription to Canada. On May 25 he proposed to Liberal leader Sir Wilfrid Laurier that the Liberals and Conservatives form a Coalition Government to carry through the measure. After Laurier rejected the proposal on June 6, Borden tried to strengthen his government by bringing in individual Liberals and prominent political independents. His early efforts met with little success. In late summer, however, the Wartime Elections Act and the Military Voters' Act appeared to increase the political prospects for a government supporting conscription. These Acts, together with strong pro-conscription sentiment in the English press and personal convictions that overrode party boundaries, made several Liberals and independents decide to accept Borden's suggestion. On Oct 12 Borden announced the formation of a Union government made up of 12 Conservatives, 9 Liberals or independents, and one labour representative. A general election in Dec 1917 gave the Unionists a large majority.
After its election victory, the Union government began to weaken. The end of the war in Nov 1918 destroyed the reason for unionism in the minds of many adherents. Many Unionists returned to the Liberal Party or joined the new Progressive Party. Although the Union government was a coalition of varied political interests, many Canadians of non-British background still blamed Borden and the Conservative Party for conscription. The results of Unionist policies included an enduring Conservative weakness among French Canadians and many others of non-British descent - a weakness that contrasted with renewed Liberal strength in French Canada under Laurier's successor as Liberal leader, Mackenzie King. With Borden's retirement in July 1920, Union government ended.H.E.L集团加强领导团队，专注于新产品开发和加强客户支持
Alan Lockley加入担任全球服务总监，Edward Quinn担任产品开发总监，Mark Appleton担任研发总监
英国伦敦， 2022年9月6日：H.E.L GROUP （H.E.L） 是一家用于工艺优化、安全和放大生产的创新实验室设备的全球开发商和制造商，今天宣布了公司高级领导团队的三项重要任命。Alan Lockley和Edward Quinn分别加入H.E.L担任全球服务总监和产品开发总监，而Mark Appleton则担任研发总监的新职位。新任命将推动业务增长和价值创造，加速有影响力的新产品管道，并增强专注于售后支持的客户体验。
加入H.E.L之前，Alan Lockley曾在Anatune Ltd担任董事总经理，在14年的任期内，他担任过领导和运营职位，包括首席运营官和服务经理。他在提供有效的服务流程以及推动运营和商业绩效方面有着良好的记录。Alan拥有生物化学学士学位、商业和管理学士学位、毒理学PGDip、毒理学硕士学位和工商管理MBA学位。
Ed Quinn（博士）是一位经验丰富的科学和技术产品开发领导者，拥有超过12年的管理经验。在加入H.E.L之前，Ed是Techcomp Europe LTD的实验室产品研发总监，负责监督三个业务部门的研发活动。之前的职位包括Techcomp研发和工程中心负责人，AMRI Glasgow Ltd的项目经理，以及Avacta Group Plc的产品专家和产品开发职位。 Ed拥有斯特拉斯克莱德大学的法医和分析化学硕士学位以及分析光谱学博士学位。
Mark Appleton（博士）在H.E.L拥有30多年的经验，他加入公司担任开发经理，最近担任产品开发总监，领导公司产品和服务的设计和开发。凭借对H.E.L主要市场、客户和核心技术的深入了解，他将推动创新和新概念产品线研发，进而为新产品的开发和发布过程提供信息。Mark在H.E.L的丰富经验也将支持Alan和服务团队提供增强的客户服务。在剑桥大学完成自然科学学位后，Mark获得了伦敦帝国理工学院的信息技术博士学位。
H.E.L集团首席执行官Louise Madden评论说：“我们很高兴欢迎Alan，Ed和Mark加入他们的新角色，我们将继续建立一个强大而有弹性的杰出领导团队。除此之外，我们还加强了与新服务工程师和软件开发人员的业务，使我们能够为客户提供无缝的点对点服务。新任命带来了丰富的知识和经验，将推动我们的产品线和售后业务，这是我们价值创造计划的关键要素。
H.E.L集团研究总监Mark Appleton评论说：“我很高兴能够担任研发总监一职，我的技能和经验可以用于开发新产品概念，帮助我们的客户释放其科学的全部潜力。我期待与Alan，Ed和我所有的H.E.L同事密切合作，以便我们继续创新，重点关注客户支持和体验。
Emily Smith2022-04-04T13:28:15+01:00اپرای لیلی و مجنون اثر اوزیر حاجی بیف (Uzeyir Hajibeyov) در دوازدهم ژانویه ۱۹۰۸ میلادی برای نخستین بار در باکو اجرا شد. آذربایجانی ها افتخار می کنند که این اپرا، اولین اپرایی است که نه در کشور آذربایجان بلکه در کل جهان اسلام بر روی صحنه رفته است. علاوه بر این، این اپرا اولین اثری است که در آن بداهه نوازی های مقام (mugam) سنتی آذربایجان در قالب اپرای اروپایی گنجانده شده است.
اپرای لیلی و مجنون داستان عاشقانه تراژیکی است که بر اساس شعری به همین عنوان از محمد فضولی شاعر قرن دهم (شمسی) ساخته شده است. داستان این اپرا ریشه در افسانه ی یک فئودال عرب دارد.
در زمان تهیه این مقاله، یعنی سال ۱۹۹۷، تنها یک نفر در باکو زنده بوده است که این اجرای تاریخی را در سال ۱۹۰۸ تماشا کرده است. رمضان خلیلوف در زمان نخستین اجرای این اپرا تنها هفت سال داشت! او اکنون خاطرات آن شب با شکوه که یک قرن پیش رخ دادند را بازگو می کند.
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در زمان اولین اجرای اپرای لیلی و مجنون در باکو من هفت سال داشتم. من چچنی هستم و در سال ۱۹۰۰ در Grozny به دنیا آمد. من در ابتدا با اوزیر حاجی بیف دوست بودم اما بعد او با خاله کوچکتر من، ملیکا ترگولووا ازدواج کرد.
دو دایی من، علی و حنفی ترگولووا، در دوران تحصیلشان در مدرسه علوم دینی گوری در تفلیس در اوایل قرن بیستم با اوزیر دوست شده بودند. هر دوی آن ها در این اپرا مشارکت داشتند و بدین ترتیب من نیز درگیر آن شدم.
علی، رهبری ارکستر و نواختن ویولن را بر عهده داشت، حنفی هم رهبری کر و نقش نوفل را بر عهده داشت. نوفل فرماندهی نظامی بود که حفاظت از مجنون را بر عهده داشت.
آنها گاهی من را هم با خودشان به تمرین ها می بردند اما من آن قدر کوچک بودم که اهمیت آنچه در حال رخ دادن بود را درک نمی کردم.
اوزیر بیگ (ما از روی ادب اینگونه صدایش می کردیم) قول داده بود که اگر نمره هایم در مدرسه خوب شود، می توانم در برنامه افتتاحیه اپرا در سالن تئاتر تقی یف شرکت کنم. این سالن تئاتر که در سال ۱۸۸۰ ساخته شد، اولین سالنی بود که در باکو ساخته شد و حامی مالی آن هم زین العابدین تقی یف بود که از افراد با نفوذ در صنعت نفت بود. این سالن درست نزدیک دریا ساخته شد؛ همانجایی که اکنون تئاتر کمدی موزیکال قرار دارد.
به خاطر می آورم که در شب ۱۲ ژانویه ۱۹۰۸ سالن پر از تماشاچی بود. مادر و خاله ها و دیگر خویشاوندان ما از تفلیس برای تماشای برنامه به باکو آمده بودند. قرار بود برنامه ساعت ۷ شب آغاز شود. این سالن یکی از معدود سالن هایی بود که برق کشی شده بود. تماشاچی ها هم خودشان را پیاده، با اسب یا درشکه به سالن رسانده بودند.
به یاد می آورم که کنار مادرم در قسمت خاص بانوان نشستم. آن زمان هنوز زن ها اجازه نداشتند که بدون حجاب در مکان های عمومی حضور یابند. آنها همچنین اجازه نداشتند که با مردان در یک مکان بنشینند حتی با شوهرانشان. طبقه همکف برای مرد ها رزرو شده بود. زن ها باید در مکان های مشخصی در طبقه های دوم و سوم می نشستند. پرده خیلی نازکی که بیش تر شبیه تور ماهیگیران بود نیز جلوی قسمت زنان نصب شده بود تا آن ها را از دید دیگر تماشاگران خارج کند. قطعا چنین پرده ای مزاحم دید کامل و واضح صحنه نیز بود.Do Food Expiration Dates Really Matter?
Experts provide a guide to the variety of confusing 'freshness' dates on food.
When Do Other Vital Items Go Bad?
The FDA does require that drugs carry an expiration date. Alan Goldhammer, PhD, associate vice president for regulatory affairs of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA), tells WebMD that safety, purity, and potency must be tested and established over time by drug manufacturers. If a drug says the expiration date is 18 months hence, it means these three qualities can only be guaranteed that long, assuming the drug is stored properly.
Some critics have accused drug manufacturers of hyping these dates to encourage more drug sales. Goldhammer implies that some drugs may be OK longer than noted, but the manufacturers have not done, say, a 10-year study of how long the drug is good. "They try to establish a reasonable date to allow for time in the supply chain and pharmacy shelves," he says.
The chemicals in drugs do break down and change over time, becoming more potent (or poisonous) or ineffective. "One of the worst places to store them," Goldhammer offers, "is in the medicine cabinet, which can be hot and humid. Consumers should not let drugs sit around. Why do you think most companies sell them a month or at most three months ahead of time?"
VanLandingham also notes that humidity can hurt drugs. "That's why they have cotton in them," he explains.
What about condoms, where a misjudgment could be disastrous? All condoms, the FDA says, have either an expiration or a manufacturing date. They should not be used beyond the expiration date -- more than five years after the date of manufacture.
The sweetener aspartame, another common item often found in sodas, does break down and become icky-tasting, so don't buy or drink old products containing it.
Stretching the Expiration Date Through Proper Storage
VanLandingham is picky about letting food get too hot. The "temperature danger zone" is between 41 and 140 degrees Fahrenheit. Food needing refrigeration should be kept below 41 degrees. On the loading dock, in the car, on the kitchen table, it should not be outside of that temperature for more than four hours total. You have no idea how long it may have been subjected to higher temperatures before you buy it, so you need to minimize the "standing" factor after you get it.Without red sad palette. Color as a symbol in painting
It is impossible not to notice. He is one of the most preferred and expressive. He – the first in the history of art, not to mention the chromatic scale. He attracted attention to himself since ancient times: and because these are the properties of his nature and of human nature; and because it is associated with such vital concepts as blood and fire. Having absorbed natural meanings, red does not part with them throughout the entire history of mankind.
Ever since antiquity, red has been expressing mostly positive values, but it is also not necessary to discount the coded signals of danger and pain coded in it.
For example, in ancient Egypt, red absorbed the qualities of an uninhabited and barren land and therefore became the color of evil. It is for this reason that Seth, the brother and murderer of Osiris, was painted with red ocher. The same color was used to write words that carried unkind omens.
In ancient Rome, the color of blood symbolized courage, power and authority. Such a color of clothing and interior decoration could afford only emperors and in the Praetorian cohorts. The finishes of the Roman senators were red. Already the road was cochineal – an insect from which a waterproof dye was extracted from its shell.
In the XV century, under the ruins of the Palace of Nero in Rome (64 AD – 68 AD), which was part of the Palace of the Golden House complex (Domus Aurea), underground halls with numerous wall paintings were discovered. The murals by that time were in very good condition. This discovery was destructive for wall paintings due to humidity. Fortunately, prudently made sketches of paintings have survived to this day.
Shades of red played an important role in the designation of the imperial vertical in Byzantium and the successors of its culture. Etiquette is strictly observed. The courtiers were allowed to wear bright details in their clothes, but the right to wear a bright red robe and tall red boots embroidered with pearls were only the emperor.
Hyacinth rigo. Portrait of Louis XIV
Centuries later, only heels remained of the shoe, and according to the palace rules only nobles could flaunt them.
Jacques-Louis David. Coronation of Emperor Napoleon I and coronation of Empress Josephine in Notre-Dame de Paris, December 2, 1804. Fragment of Jacques-Louis David. Oath of the Horatii
Jacques Louis David The anointing of Napoleon I and the coronation of Empress Josephine.
Jacques Louis David Oath of the Horatii 1784
The son of red and blue – purple, surpassed parents in greatness and nothing else, as “luxurious” this color does not magnify. The purple togs were dressed in the victors of ancient Rome, and the echoes (or more precisely the reflections) of his glory survived the centuries. Even in the 16th century Germany, only princes were eligible for red or purple velvet or satin overclothes lined with fur.
Miniatures of the 10th century with the image of the emperor Otto in a purple cloak.
In the third century, the Roman emperor Aurelian did not allow his wife to buy a purple silk scarf from Tire, because it was worth as many grams of gold.
The exclusivity of purple has survived until the Elizabethan era (1558-1603). In England, the laws regulating the consumption of luxury goods were strictly observed, and it was also prescribed what colors, fabrics and clothes could and could not be worn by representatives of different classes of society.
Church canons adopted a laconic palette of previous cultures and absorbed the main interpretations of flowers, endowing red with meanings of power and martyrdom. The red maforium (a blanket falling on the shoulders) on the head of the Most Pure One symbolizes suffering and indicates its purpose – the Queen of Heaven. Bottom clothes are usually written in blue (a sign of heavenly purity).
The robes of Christ vary in different scenes: the blue himation (cape) is the symbol of His Divinity, and the dark red chiton is the symbol of His human nature, the color of sacred blood shed in the name of saving people. The red cloak of Saint George and the bright red clothes of the holy martyrs testifies to the martyr’s death and suffering.
In ancient Rome, the bride was dressed strictly, in accordance with the image of Juno: on her head – a scarlet veil, symbolizing the passion, love and innocence of the bride. In Russia, the girls were married in traditional dress: a long white shirt with wide sleeves, on top of it – a scarlet sundress, symbolizing joy, sun and beauty. In addition, the red color of the clothes of the bride and groom was supposed to protect her from the evil eye and serve as a guarantee of well-being. In Western Europe, “Gothic” brides will certainly put on a wedding attire that has never been seen before. Often, even for the bride: in the Middle Ages, a beautiful dress was the only joy of marriage. Marriages in those days were concluded as transactions, with an indispensable wedding contract, and the wedding dress was also part of the contract. It was prescribed, from which fabric it should be sewn (velvet or brocade), than decorated, what fur to tamp (squirrel or ermine). The color of the decoration depended on the wishes of the groom’s family, but red, scarlet or purple were considered especially popular (“Portrait of Sibyl Klevska.” Lucas Cranach the Elder)A rite of passage for many teens, learning to drive is one more step to adulthood and independence. Before he can apply for a driver’s license, a student driver must take driving lessons. Each state sets its own requirements for the number of hours a teenager needs in driving school and behind the wheel with a driving instructor. Some adults who never earned a license as a teen or need to renew a suspended license also take driving lessons.
The off-the-road portion of the training typically takes place in a classroom, though some driving schools offering online courses. The cost varies depending on the size of the class, number of training hours and extras like textbooks and workbooks. According to Cost Helper, the average cost for the classroom portion of driving lessons ranges from $30 to $180, as of 2014.
Student drivers also receive hands-on training with a driving instructor. Behind-the-wheel costs vary depending on the area of the country and the number of training hours. In 2014, the average cost for a two-hour lesson was between $50 and $150, according to Cost Helper. The cost can also vary depending on current gas prices and whether it is a private one-on-one lesson or a group lesson. Some schools combine classroom and behind-the-wheel training for one price, which on average is $300 to $450, according to Cost Helper.
Learning to drive can involve additional costs like taking the state written and driving tests. The costs vary greatly state by state, with some states including the written, driving and license fees into one price.“Democracy” is a huge word with many nuances. Its first meaning in The Random House Dictionary of the English Language is “government by the people”. And that’s what we have in Cuba, a government by the people where humans are the most important thing since the very beginning of the triumph of the Cuban revolution despite the scarcity and hardships imposed by an inhumane, unjust and unilateral blockade.
We, Cubans, are the main players in the effective implementation of our rules. Women, children and the elders take the priority places in our society, but in the prevention of a disease everyone matters and everything goes.
Dengue is a dangerous illness that has taken many lives in the Latin American region. Cuba, although in fewer numbers, has also been affected by this evil. So, state authorities fight strongly in the prevention of an epidemic, critical harmful and necessary at
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Başkan Lyndon B. Johnson, onu Amerika Birleşik Devletleri Deniz Harp Okulu'nda görev yapan ilk Afrikalı-Amerikalı profesör olarak atadı.
Onun onuruna, Enerji Bakanlığı 1993 yılında Afrikalı-Amerikalı öğrenciler için Samuel P. Massie Mükemmellik Başkanları programını oluşturdu.
Carolyn B. Parker
Carolyn B. Parker (Fotoğraf: Public Domain via, Hilda Bastian, Wikimedia Commons.)
Carolyn Beatrice Parker, Manhattan Projesi'nin bir parçası olan Dayton Projesi'nde fizikçi olarak çalıştı. Dayton Projesi, II. Dünya Savaşı sırasında, ilk atom bombalarını inşa etmek için daha büyük Manhattan Projesi'nin bir parçası olarak polonyum üretmek için bir araştırma ve geliştirme projesiydi.
Parker, lisans derecesini 1938'de Fisk Üniversitesi'nden aldı ve yüksek lisansını Michigan Üniversitesi'nden matematik alanında aldı ve ardından Dayton, Ohio'daki Manhattan Projesi'ne katıldı.
Çalışmaları, bombanın patlaması için kullanılan polonyum ayırmayı içeriyordu. Savaştan sonra Massachusetts Institute of Technology'de fizik alanında ikinci bir yüksek lisans derecesi aldı.
Doktorasına doğru çalışırken Parker 47 yaşında lösemiden öldü. 2008 yılında Ulusal İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Enstitüsü, hastalığın polonyumla çalışmanın mesleki bir riski olduğunu belirledi.
Edwin R. Russell
Edwin R. Russell (Fotoğraf: Vivian Russell Baker tarafından sunulmuştur)
Güney Carolina, Columbia'dan Edwin Roberts Russell, Manhattan Projesi sırasında Chicago Üniversitesi Met Laboratuvarı'nda kimyager olarak çalıştı.
Russell, 1935'te Benedict Koleji'nden lisans ve 1937'de Howard Üniversitesi'nden kimya alanında yüksek lisans derecesi aldı ve 1942'ye kadar kimya asistanı ve eğitmeni olarak görev yaptı.
Aynı yıl yüzey kimyası alanında doktorasını sürdürmek için Chicago Üniversitesi'ne taşındı ve Met Lab'de uranyumdan plütonyum-239'un çıkarılmasını araştıran Manhattan Projesi'ne katıldı.
Savaştan sonra Russell, memleketindeki Allen Üniversitesi'nde bilim bölümü başkanı olarak hizmet vermeye devam etti. Daha sonra Savannah Nehri Nükleer Laboratuvarı'nda araştırma kimyacısı olarak çalıştı ve atom enerjisi süreçleri için 11 patent kazandı.
1996'daki ölümü üzerine, Güney Carolina Yasama Meclisi, onu "Güney Carolina'nın en yetenekli ve en seçkin liderlerinden biri" ilan eden bir kararı kabul etti.
Lloyd Quarterman
Lloyd Quarterman (Fotoğraf: Atomic Heritage Foundation tarafından sunulmuştur)
Manhattan Projesi sırasında Philadelphia'dan Lloyd Quarterman, Columbia Üniversitesi'nde ve Chicago Met Lab Üniversitesi'nde Fermi ile genç bir kimyager olarak çalıştı.
Lisans derecesini 1943'te St. Augustine's College'da aldı ve kısa sürede Manhattan Projesi'ne alındı.
Chicago'da Quarterman, fisyon ve atom bombasının yaratılması için gerekli olan uranyum izotopunu izole eden bilim adamları ekibinin bir parçasıydı.
Savaştan sonra Quarterman, Northwestern Üniversitesi'nden bilim dalında yüksek lisans derecesi almaya devam etti ve ardından Argonne Ulusal Laboratuvarı'nda çalışmaya başladı.
Florür çözeltilerini incelemeye devam etti ve hidrojen florürün karmaşık moleküler yapısını incelemenin mümkün olduğu korozyona dayanıklı bir elmas "pencere" geliştirdi.
Ölümünden önceki yıllarda, kan yerine geçen maddeler veya perflorokarbonlar üzerine ön araştırmalara başladı. .
Moddie Taylor
Moddie Talyor (Fotoğraf: Scurlock Studio Records, Archives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution)
Alabama, Nymph'den Moddie Daniel Taylor, Manhattan Projesi sırasında Chicago Met Lab Üniversitesi'nde kimyager olarak çalıştı.
1935'te Lincoln Üniversitesi'nden kimya alanında lisans derecesi aldı, burada sınıfının birincisiydi ve en iyi dereceyle mezun oldu.
Chicago Üniversitesi'nde yüksek lisans yapmaya başladığı 1939 yılına kadar orada kimya öğretti. Manhattan Projesi'ne yardımcı kimyager olarak katılmadan önce yüksek lisans ve doktora derecelerini orada aldı.
Ana araştırması, nadir toprak metallerinin kimyasal özelliklerine odaklandı.
1946'da Savaş Sekreteri Robert Patterson, Taylor'a Manhattan Projesi'ne yaptığı araştırmalar ve katkılarından dolayı Başarı Belgesi verdi.
Savaştan sonra Taylor, Howard Üniversitesi'nde profesör oldu ve oradaki kimya bölümüne başkanlık etti.
1956'da Taylor, gazlı sistemlerde asit-baz ayrışma çalışmaları konusundaki araştırmalarına devam etmesi için Amerikan Sanat ve Bilim Akademisi'nden bir hibe aldı.
Dört yıl sonra, ülke çapında kolejlerde kullanılan "Kimyanın İlk İlkeleri" başlıklı bir ders kitabı yayınladı.
Taylor, İmalat Kimyagerleri Derneği tarafından ülkenin en iyi altı üniversite kimya profesöründen biri olarak seçildi ve 1972'de araştırma ve öğretimi için Washington Kimyagerler Enstitüsü'nden Onur Parşömeni kazandı.
George Sherman Carter'ın
Virginia, Gloucester County'den George Sherman Carter, 1943'te Columbia Üniversitesi'nde fizikçi olarak çalışmak üzere Manhattan Projesi'nde işe alındı.
Daha önce 1940 yılında Lincoln Üniversitesi'nden biyoloji alanında lisans derecesini almış ve Columbia Üniversitesi Öğretmenler Koleji'nde eğitimine devam etmiştir.
Columbia'da, nükleer manyetik rezonansı keşfetmesiyle tanınan Polonyalı bir göçmen bilim adamı olan Nobel ödüllü Isidor Rabi'nin altında nükleer fisyon okudu.
Benjamin Franklin Scott
Güney Carolina, Floransa'dan Benjamin Franklin Scott, Manhattan Projesi sırasında Chicago Üniversitesi Met Laboratuvarı'nda kimyager olarak çalıştı.
Projeye katılmadan önce lisans derecesini Morehouse College'da aldı.
Met Lab'de Scott, enstrümantasyon ve ölçümler bölümünde çalıştı. Savaştan sonra, Chicago Üniversitesi'nde yüksek lisansını tamamlarken Geiger sayaçlarının üretimi üzerinde çalıştı.
Kısa bir süre sonra, Nükleer Enstrüman Şirketi'nde radyokimyacı olarak işe alındı. Daha sonra Boston'daki New England Nuclear Assay Corp.'un teknik direktörü oldu.
Atomik Miras Vakfı'na bu rapordaki yardımlarından dolayı teşekkür ederiz.
Glenn Seaborg
Glenn Seaborg, doktora derecesini alan Amerika doğumlu bir kimyagerdi. Kaliforniya Üniversitesi, Berkeley'de. Seaborg, Edwin McMillan ile birlikte nükleer silah teknolojisinin kritik bileşeni olan plütonyumu ve mdashin 1941'i keşfetti. Plütonyumu keşfettikten sonra, Glenn'e Berkeley'deki araştırma pozisyonundan izin aldı, böylece Manhattan Projesi'ne katılabildi ve burada ekibi yöneten ekibi yönetti. Chicago Üniversitesi Metalurji Laboratuvarı'nda plütonyum çalışması. Ekibi, &ldquoFat Man&rdquo bombasını yaratmak için gerekli olan plütonyum-239'u üretmekten sorumluydu ve ayrıca plütonyumu ayırmak, konsantre etmek ve izole etmek için işlevsel bir yöntem geliştirebildi. Atom bombaları atıldıktan sonra Seaborg, Atom Enerjisi Komisyonu'na üye oldu. 1971'de Atom Enerjisi Komisyonu başkanlığına seçildiğinde, pozisyonu nükleer silahların daha fazla test edilmesine karşı çıkarak atom enerjisinin barışçıl kullanımı için kampanya yapmak için kullandı.
Manhattan Projesi, küresel manzarayı sonsuza dek değiştirdi. O zamandan beri, atom enerjisi oldukça tartışmalı bir konu oldu; sayısız kuruluş ve hükümet, yaygın kullanımını bastırmaya çalışırken ve diğerleri, etkin bir şekilde uygulanan nükleer teknolojinin yaratabileceği askeri ve endüstriyel üstünlükten yararlanmayı hedefliyor. Manhattan Projesine dahil olan birçok kişi, yukarıda sıralananlar da dahil olmak üzere, atom enerjisinin silahlandırılmasını sınırlamaya kararlı konseyler, komiteler ve benzer organizasyonlar kurarak veya bunlara katılarak, yıkıcı derecede güçlü teknolojiyi düzenlemek için çalıştı.
Daha fazla bilgi edin
1819'da kurulan Norwich Üniversitesi, Ulusal olarak tanınan bir yüksek öğrenim kurumu, Yedek Subayların Eğitim Kolordusunun (ROTC) doğum yeri ve Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'ndeki ilk özel askeri kolejdir. Norwich, çevrimiçi programları aracılığıyla, öğrencilerinin iş yerleri ve toplulukları üzerinde olumlu bir etki yaratmalarına olanak tanıyan ilgili ve uygulanabilir müfredatlar sunar.
Norwich Üniversitesi'nin Askeri Tarih Yüksek Lisans programı, kayıtlı tarih boyunca askeri düşünce, teori ve katılımı keşfetmeye yönelik tarafsız ve küresel bir yaklaşım benimsiyor. Çevrimiçi Askeri Tarih Yüksek Lisans programının benzersiz müfredatı, Norwich Üniversitesi'nin seçkin fakültesi tarafından geliştirildi ve Amerikan Tarih Derneği tarafından ana hatlarıyla belirtilen hedeflere göre yönlendirildi. Bu son derece saygın program, bir tarihçi olarak yeterliliğinizi geliştirmenize yardımcı olmak için tasarlanmıştır ve dünyamızın askeri başarılarını ve çatışmalarını kronolojik, coğrafi, politik ve ekonomik bağlamda yerleştirir.
Bias, siyah bilim adamlarını Oak Ridge'in atom bombası çalışmasından uzak tuttu
Baskıdan kaçan Yahudi mülteciler Amerika'nın Manhattan Projesi'nin hızlı bir şekilde başlatılmasına yardımcı oldu, ancak Afrikalı-Amerikalı araştırmacılar gizli şehirde reddedildi.
25 Şubat 2018 saat 08:00 ET'de yayınlandı | 14:13 güncellendi 1 Mart 2018
Adolf Hitler'in üstün bir ırk inşa etme arayışı, Avrupa'nın bilimsel yeteneklerini Amerika Birleşik Devletleri saflarına taşıdı ve ulusa ilk atom bombasını geliştirme yarışında hızlı bir başlangıç sağladı.
Ancak Amerika Birleşik Devletleri göçmen bilim adamlarına, zulüm gören birçok Yahudiye kollarını açık tutarken bile, yeteneklerini savaş çabalarına adamak isteyen Afrikalı-Amerikalıları sınırladı.
Bu, hiçbir yerde Başkan Franklin D. Roosevelt'in 1942'de Manhattan Projesi'ne izin vermesinden sonra ayrılmış Güney'de inşa edilen Oak Ridge'den daha belirgin değildi.
Mülteciler Afrikalı-Amerikalı yetenekleri memnuniyetle karşıladı
Projenin ilk aşamalarında, yaklaşık bir düzine siyah bilim adamı ve teknisyen, New York ve Chicago'da çalışan mülteci araştırmacılar tarafından karşılandı.
Eski bir Chicago Üniversitesi profesörü olan Edward Anders, "Proje üzerinde çalışan bilim adamları genellikle daha açık fikirliydi" dedi. "Birçoğu yabancı uyrukluydu ve bu nedenle siyahlara karşı ayrımcılık fikri tamamen tiksindiriciydi."
Ancak kısa süre sonra proje, daha büyük bir nükleer reaktör ve Uranyum-235 izotopu tedarik edebilecek tesisler için alana ihtiyaç duydu. Anderson County'nin kırsal tarım arazisinde bir "gizli şehir" inşa edildi ve bilim adamlarından oluşan ekipler oraya transfer edildi.
Oak Ridge tarihçisi Ray Smith, ORNL ve Y-12 kompleksinin inşası sırasında oradaki Afrikalı-Amerikalı nüfusa karşı bir baskı ve ayrımcılık tarihinden bahsediyor.
Beyaz Amerikalılar ve Avrupalı mülteci bilim adamları sitede özgürce çalışabilirken, siyah araştırmacılar yapamadı. Kongre'deki Demokratların "Solid South" bloğu, yeni şehrin 1940'larda devam eden Jim Crow ayrım yasalarını yansıttığında ısrar etti.
Böylece Oak Ridge'deki Manhattan Projesi'nin tarihi, geride kalan siyah bilimsel katkılarla yazılmıştır.
Two largely forgotten figures were J. Ernest Wilkins and George Warren Reed, who had worked with European refugee scientists Enrico Fermi and Leo Szilard at the Chicago Metallurgical Laboratory, or "Met Lab," until their research was moved south without them.
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A doctorate at age 19
J. Ernest Wilkins Jr. was by all definitions a prodigy.
His roots were saturated in education. Wilkins' grandfather founded St. Mark's Methodist Church in New York City, and his father, a lawyer and labor leader, would later be appointed the assistant secretary of education by President Dwight D. Eisenhower, making him the first African-American to hold an undersecretary position in the United States government.
His mother, Lucille Robinson Wilkins, was equally accomplished. She had a master's degree from the University of Chicago and studied progressive education techniques, ensuring all of her children entered school several grades ahead.
"He grew up in this very sort of hothouse environment in which accomplishment and educational achievement was the calling of the realm, so to speak," said Wilkins' niece, Carolyn Wilkins. "He really was encouraged at every step to excel, and he did so."
At age 13, Wilkins became the youngest person ever admitted to the University of Chicago. He received his first bachelor's degree in mathematics at age 16. He earned his master's degree the next year and finished his doctorate at age 19 before going on to teach math at the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama.
Within a year, the government recruited him to join the Manhattan Project at his alma mater, where Chicago Pile 1, the world's first nuclear reactor, had just been built.
There, Wilkins researched neutron energy, reactor physics and engineering with Fermi and Eugene Wigner.
In a short year, he discovered three scientific phenomena that bear his name today: the Wilkins Effect, the Wilkins Spectra, and the Wigner Wilkins Spectra, which deal with the motion of subatomic particles.
Just 21 years old when he started working on the Manhattan Project, he was among the brightest young minds America had on its team designing an atomic bomb.
Blacks lived in segregated 'hutments'
A Manhattan Project-era Ed Westcott photo depicts African-American laborers working at a construction site in Oak Ridge.
(Photo: Calvin Mattheis/News Sentinel)
But in Oak Ridge, African-Americans could hold only labor positions. They were required to live in government-built "hutments," encampments of 16-by-16-foot plywood structures that stood just off South Illinois Avenue, where a Panera Bread and Aubrey's restaurant stand today.
The huts had shutter windows, one stove and were without plumbing.
Men and women &mdash including married couples &mdash were not permitted to live together, and their children were not allowed to live on the reservation at all. The women's hutment was fenced in, and women had to be back inside the fence by curfew.
A 1947 Ed Westcott photo shows the women's hutment in Oak Ridge.
(Photo: U.S. Department of Energy)
Kattie Strickland, an African-American woman who worked as a janitor in Oak Ridge, told the Atomic Heritage Foundation that her job in Oak Ridge was well paid. After some negotiation by a manager, she was even able to secure pay equal to her male counterparts.
The indignities of segregation, though, were facts of life.
Seth Wheatley, a white engineer who worked at what is now Y-12 National Security Complex, told the Atomic Heritage Foundation about the day he was riding the secret city's bus line to Knoxville.
"I happened to get on and sit in the last remaining seat, and a Negro was sitting there halfway back in the bus. And shortly after we started out, the bus driver noted that a black man was not sitting on the back row where he was supposed to be, and he stopped the bus along the side of the road," Wheatley recalled.
"And I can still see him getting up and walking back and almost grabbing the guy to make him get back to where he&rsquos supposed to be."
Wheatley said he got up and walked to the back row to sit down with the man.
'Not possible for him to continue'
There was no allowance for black scientists, and when Wilkins&rsquo research was transferred to Oak Ridge's X-10 Graphite Reactor in 1944, he was left behind.
Edward Teller wrote to War Research Director Harold Urey in 1944 to help J. Ernest Wilkins Jr. find new work after he was barred from entering Oak Ridge in a scientific role. J. Robert Oppenheimer, regarded today as "the father of the atomic bomb," also forwarded the request with his own recommendation.
(Photo: United States National Archives in Atlanta)
Edward Teller, another Jewish physicist who fled the Axis, saw that as an opportunity. He wrote a letter to Harold Urey, director of war research, asking him to recruit Wilkins to support a New York team that was calculating how atmospheric opacity could affect the atomic bomb.
"Knowing that men of high qualifications are scarce these days, I thought that it might be useful that I suggest a capable person for this job. Mr. Wilkins in Wigner's group at the Metallurgical Laboratory has been doing, according to Wigner, excellent work," Teller wrote.
"He is a colored man and since Wigner's group is moving to (Oak Ridge) it is not possible for him to continue work with that group. I think that it might be a good idea to secure his services for our work."
Wilkins continued working at the
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DC合作，发布了报告“色盲COVID-19救济的矛盾：大流行时代的黑人”。
此外，该中心最近还为希望参加公共示威活动（例如“黑人生活问题”抗议活动）的法学院学生设立了法律观察员培训计划。学生将学习如何监视，记录和报告维权人士与执法人员之间的非法行为或冲突。
“这是法学院学生安全，乐于助人的一种方式。这是参与抗议活动的明智之举。”汉斯福德说。
纽约城市大学法学院
伊薇特·威尔逊·巴恩斯（Yvette Wilson-Barnes）是纽约市立大学法学院学生事务副院长，并兼任大学种族，特权和多样性委员会主席。该委员会由教职员工和学生组成，致力于为校园社区提供检查偏见的计划和资源。
威尔逊·巴恩斯（Wilson-Barnes）说：“它跨越了多样性的各个方面，”他解释说学生的参与至关重要。 “他们能够从自己的社交场所表达出他们对种族和多样性问题如何影响他们的看法。”
纽约市立大学法学院是纽约市唯一的公立法学院。它的既定任务有两个：在为人类需求服务的过程中实践法律，以及将法律转变为包括那些可能被排斥，边缘化或压迫的人。
该法学院以其临床课程而闻名，它鼓励学生沉浸在十几个社会司法诊所中的任何一个中，这些诊所的重点是诸如移民，家庭法，性别，残疾和衰老等主题。
威尔逊-巴恩斯（Wilson-Barnes）表示，法学学生因与大流行相关的停课工作而感到压力大，他们不得不在线上课，延误实习和参加律师资格考试，最终可能威胁到他们获得未来就业的时间表。
她说：“这非常具有挑战性。” “想象一下，您已经决定要攻读法学学位，因为您的内心在进行这项工作，将法律用作变革和倡导的工具。”
鲍勃·布朗（Bobbie Brown）是黑人法律学生协会（Black Law Students Association）的三年级学生和校长，他对交易法和国内政策的实践很感兴趣。
布朗说：“作为一个有色女人，我需要一个像我一样露面的地方。”布朗想要一个能够理解她的文化和声音的法学院社区。 “ CUNY为对话巧妙地进行创造了空间。”
通过黑人法律学生协会，布朗可以获得指导，校友联系和实习机会。它还使她能够参加有关种族问题的讲座，小组讨论会和讲习班。布朗的一章是对法律的支持，该法律将改革警察的做法，并将以偏见为动机的虚假的911电话归类为仇恨犯罪。
在法学院的社区中&布朗经济发展诊所与非营利组织合作，协助他们开展成立，治理和合同工作。她说，纽约市立大学的学术结构和法律援助工作增强了她对律师技能的信心。
布朗说：“我觉得自己有能力直接练习。”
加州大学戴维斯分校法学院
加州大学戴维斯分校法学院拥有五本由学生经营的期刊，五家法律服务诊所，四个研究与政策中心，一项实习计划以及审判辩护和谈判方面的竞赛。
凯文·约翰逊（Kevin Johnson）是法学院院长，也是公共利益法和奇卡纳/ o研究的教授。为了解决这个动荡的时代，他在本学年发起了一个种族正义演讲者系列。演讲嘉宾包括阿拉米达县公设辩护人布伦登·伍兹（Brendon Woods），他是加利福尼亚州唯一的黑人首席公设辩护人；萨克拉曼多市长达雷尔·斯坦伯格（1984年毕业于戴维斯加州大学，曾在州议会和州参议院任职）。讲座在线进行，并向所有人开放。
约翰逊说：“最近的高调事件震撼了人们的意识。”他指出，社交媒体提高了对种族貌相和警察野蛮行为的知名度。 “现在是对这些问题进行全面而坦率的讨论的好机会。”
加州大学戴维斯分校的学生在决定如何从事未来的法律职业时，会担心自己的社区。
约翰逊说：“有相当多的焦虑，不确定性和不快乐，”他解释说，校园学生团体对寻求改革的呼声越来越高。 “我不确定我们是否可以解决所有问题。”
自1960年代中期成立以来，加州大学戴维斯分校就致力于解决社会正义问题。其法学院大楼以民权偶像马丁·路德·金（Martin Luther King，Jr.）的名字命名。法学院的重点领域包括人权和社会正义法，并开设民权，残障权，教育，女权法学和移民等课程。
约翰逊说，加州大学戴维斯分校的法学院校友在社会正义法方面拥有牢固的基础，并倡导为服务不足的社区提供更多的多样性和代表性，无论这些社区直接充当民权律师还是在政府，公司或非营利组织中从事法律职业。
约翰逊说：“无论走到哪里，都可以做到。”
西雅图大学法学院
西雅图大学的学生和校友是在联邦法院起诉西雅图市的一组原告之一，他们允许西雅图警察局部署“对和平示威者施加不必要的暴力，和平示威者表示反对歧视性的警察暴行。”
西雅图大学法学院弗雷德·T·克雷松法律与平等中心的法学学生，以及西雅图国王市的布莱克·利物浦，华盛顿美国公民自由联盟和珀金斯·科伊的西雅图律师事务所，都在问：当人们行使宪法抗议权时，警察停止使用化学制剂和射弹进行人群控制。
法学院院长安妮特·克拉克（Annette Clark）说：“我们正在使用这个令人难以置信的社区-一个资源丰富但也有很多问题的教室，在讨论代言人的同时行使其作为律师的职责。 “对于这些学生而言，这具有变革性，并提醒他们为什么他们首先来到法学院。”
西雅图大学是全美27所耶稣会大学之一。耶稣会士重视对他人的教育和服务，克拉克说。这些思想根植于法学院的课程，中心，研究所和无偿工作中。
她说：“来到我们法学院的学生会立即融入社会，使社会正义成为现实。” “他们不会在外面看。”
学生的拥护对于西雅图大学最近向华盛顿最高法院的请愿书的成功至关重要。它为注册参加律师考试但面对大流行和内乱的障碍的法学院学生授予文凭特权。文凭特权意味着满足华盛顿州律师协会所有其他要求的法学院学生可以在该州执业而无需通过律师资格。这是该州历史上首次授予这种特权。
克拉克说，看到西雅图大学的法律系学生和毕业生在她所说的“ COVID-19和种族推算的完美风暴”中向州司法官讲话令人鼓舞。
她说：“我们处于一个充满挑战的时刻的中心。” “这是一个拐点，但这也是一个机会。这是进入法学院的绝佳时机。”Agile modeling (AM) is a methodology for modeling and documenting software systems based on best practices. It is a collection of values and principles, that can be applied on an (agile) software development project. This methodology is more flexible than traditional modeling methods, making it a better fit in a fast changing environment. It is part of the Agile software development tool kit.
Agile modeling is a supplement to other agile methodologies such as Scrum, extreme programming (XP), and Rational Unified Process (RUP). It is explicitly included as part of the disciplined agile delivery (DAD) framework. As per 2011 stats, agile modeling accounted for 1% of all agile software development.
There are several best practices:
- Just barely good enough (JBGE) artifacts. A model or document needs to be sufficient for the situation at hand and no more. This is an application of the KISS principle.
- Architecture envisioning. At the beginning of an agile project, high-level architectural modeling is done to identify a viable technical strategy.
- Lookahead modeling is used to reduce overall risk.
- Multiple models can be used. Each type of model has its strengths and weaknesses. Effective developers have a range of models in their intellectual toolkit enabling them to apply the right model in the most appropriate manner for the situation at hand.
- Active stakeholder participation. Stakeholders are important for funding the process and accepting the results, that is why they are involved as soon as possible. Stakeholders provide information in a timely manner, make decisions in a timely manner, and are as actively involved in the development process as possible.
- Requirements envisioning. At the beginning of an agile project, time is invested to identify the scope of the project and to create the initial prioritized stack of requirements.
- Prioritized requirements. Requirements are implemented in priority order, as defined by their stakeholders, so as to provide the greatest return on investment possible. Collecting the low hanging fruit.
- Iteration modeling. At the beginning of each iteration, a bit of modeling is done as part of the iteration planning activities.
- Test-driven development (TDD). Requirements are written like a test. Tests are performed and then just enough code is made to fulfill that test. TDD is a JIT approach to detailed requirements specification and a confirmatory approach to testing.
- Model storming. Throughout an iteration a brainstorming session can be hold, called "model storm" on a just-in-time (JIT) basis for a few minutes to explore the details behind a requirement or to think through a design issue.
- Document continuously. Documentation is made throughout the life-cycle, in parallel to the creation of the rest of the solution.
- Document late. Documentation is made as late as possible, avoiding speculative ideas that are likely to change in favor of stable information.
- Executable specifications. Requirements are specified in the form of executable "customer tests", instead of non-executable "static" documentation.
- Single-source information. Information (models, documentation, software), is stored in one place and one place only, to prevent questions about what the "correct" version / information is.
The development of agile modeling was led by Scott Ambler starting in the autumn of 2000. It initially was called extreme modeling (XM) but at the suggestion of Robert Cecil Martin was renamed to AM in the spring of 2001. The book Agile Modeling was published in 2002 by John Wiley Press. Work on the methodology continues at The Agile Modeling Home Page.
There is significant dependence on personal communication and customer collaboration. Agile modeling disciplines can be difficult to apply:
- On large teams (say 30 or more) without adequate tooling support
- Where team members are unable to share and collaborate on models (which would make agile software development in general difficult)
- When modeling skills are weak or lacking.
- Agile modeling (AM) home page, effective practices for modeling and documentation
- State of Agile Development Survey Results, 2011
- Agile Modeling: Effective Practices for Extreme Programming and Unified ProcessKeywords: Finland, nature conservation, political ecology, reindeer herding, globalisation, conservation classification, IUCN, International Union of the Conversation of Nature and Natural Resources, traditional livelihoods, international conservation definitions, conservation area management, local conservation, Saami
Global area conservation ideals versus the local realities of Reindeer Herding in Northernmost Finland
This paper analyses the conflicts and contradictions associated with Reindeer Herding and nature conservation by comparing management discussions related to Malla Strict Nature Reserve (IUCN Ia) and Pallas-Yllas National Park (IUCN II) in Northern Finland. Based on our comparison, we show problems that are created when applying international conservation definitions on the practices of conservation area management, and how these definitions can be inconsistent with local starting-points and as a result become essential parts of conservation disputes. Although, institutions behind these definitions typically acknowledge local rights to natural resources, the actual rights do not reflect in specific applications. Furthermore, these international definitions lean on scientific axioms which are often accepted as self-explanatory in conservation management and concepts like 'natural state' create local conservation opposition because traditional utilisation is easily restricted with fuzzy explanations. To ensure that the actual management decisions are not founded on biased epistemologies, basic concepts and known uncertainties should remain open for debate and especially the local flexibility of conservation applications should be encouraged in international conservation definitions.Un operaio di 62 anni, rimasto senza lavoro da circa un anno, si è impiccato oggi a Matinelle di Albanella (Salerno), nella soffitta della propria abitazione. L’uomo, licenziato dalla ditta di calcestruzzi per la quale aveva lavorato per diversi anni, entrata in crisi e poi fallita, da tempo non riusciva a trovare un lavoro.Il Best Western East Zion Thunderbird Lodge è situato sul lato est del parco nazionale di Zion. L'hotel si trova a metà strada tra lo Zion National Park, il Bryce Canyon e il versante nord del Grand Canyon. La sua posizione consente ai viaggiatori di spostarsi facilmente tra Kanab, Springdale, St. George e Las Vegas. Il nostro hotel Best Western dispone di un ristorante, un negozio di articoli da regalo, campo da golf, noleggio quad Polaris, e distributore di benzina Chevron interno. L'hotel offre servizi aggiuntivi, tra cui accesso Wi-Fi a Internet gratuito, piscina all'aperto e idromassaggio, lavanderia e parcheggio autonomo gratuito. Il Best Western East Zion Thunderbird Lodge è un hotel per non fumatori.
Best Western
LABEL_ITINERAIREÖzel Ziyaret Vizesi
Portekiz Aile Ziyareti Vizesi Evrak Listesi
1. Vize Talep Dilekçesi (Şirketin antetli kağıdına, konsolosluğa hitaben yazılmış, kaşe ve ıslak imzalı)
2. Pasaport (Seyahat sonrası en az 3 ay geçerli)
3. Pasaport fotokopisi (Daha önceki seyahatlerin fotokopileri)
4. Davet eden kişinin pasaport fotokopisi
5. 2 adet Biyometrik Fotoğraf (Güncel, 35x45 mm ölçülerinde, beyaz fon arkalı)
6. Davet mektubu orijinal olmalı ve davet eden kişi tarafından yollanmalıdır.
7. Başvuru sahibinin işvereninden alınan izin mektubuna, izinli olduğuna dair izin yazısı ve ziyaret sonrası çalışmaya devam edeceği bilgileri eklenmelidir.
8. Güncel Tarihli Şirket Evrakları (Oda Sicil Kaydı, Orijinal Faaliyeti Belgesi, Ticaret Sicil Gazetesi, Vergi Levhası, İmza Sirküleri Fotokopileri)
9. SGK İşe giriş bildirgesi ve Hizmet dökümü
10. Banka Hesap Özeti (Son 3 aylık banka hesap hareketliliğini içeren, en az 4000 TL bakiyesi olan kaşe, imza ve banka imza sirküleri ile birlikte)
11. Eğer başvuru sahibi nişanlısını, erkek veya kız arkadaşını ziyaret etmek istiyorsa birlikte çekilmiş bir fotoğrafları
12. Aile ve akrabalık bağlarını kanıtlayıcı belge.
13. Kimlik fotokopisi ve Tam Vukuatlı Nüfus Kayıt ÖrneğiSEUL - Güney Kore'nin müflis sanayi devi Daewoo'nun kurucusu Kim Woo-Choong, yolsuzluk ve iflasa bağlı olarak hesabına usulsüz para aktarmaktan suçlu bulunarak 10 yıl hapis cezasına çarptırıldı.Sanayi imparatorluğunun 1999'da yıkılmasından sonra yurtdışına kaçan ve milyarlarca dolar yolsuzluk yaptığı gerekçesiyle 2001'den itibaren kırmızı bültenle arandıktan sonra geçen yıl ülkesine dönen 69 yaşındaki Kim, Seul merkez bölge mahkemesi tarafından ayrıca 22.5 milyar dolar gibi bir astronomik miktarı iade etme ve on binlerce dolar para cezası ödemeye mahkûm edildi. Daewoo yüzünden insanların başına dert açmış olduğuna üzüldüğünü söyleyen ve halktan özür dileyen Kim Woo-Choong, "adaletin tecelli etmesi için üzerine düşeni yapacağını" söylemişti. Kim Woo-Choong, Daewoo'nun konkordato ilan etmesi üzerine Temmuz 1999'da 80 milyar dolar borçla yurtdışına çıkmıştı. Savcılar, Kim'i "1997'deki mali kriz döneminde, üst düzey yöneticilerin hesaplarda yaptığı şişirmeden haberi olmasına rağmen bir şey yapmamak ve firmanın denizaşırı faaliyetlerinde kullanmak üzere İngiltere'de oluşturduğu hesaptan kendi hesabına 20 milyar dolar geçirmekle" suçlamıştı.
Daewoo'nun eski patronuna 10 yıl hapis
31/05/2006 02:00Scarcity refers to the fundamental economic dilemma, the gap between ‘limited – that is, scarce’ – resources and theoretically limitless demands.
The entire field of economics is based on the idea of scarcity.
In fact, we wouldn’t even need a field of economics if there wasn’t the notion of scarcity in the world.
What does scarcity mean?
It means that there’s not enough of something for everyone.
It can be goods, services, resources, we’re talking about things where if there was no cost associated with them, people would use far more of that than there actually is around.
And in this
A related idea to scarce resources is it’s opposite, which is the notion of a free resource. This is something that, you could argue, is infinitely abundant or at least in a certain context is so abundant that it feels like people can have as much of it as they want.
The more that one person has of it, it doesn’t take away from someone else.
And the reason why scarcity is essential to economics is that economics is the study of how do you allocate these scarce resources.
If there’s more demand for a certain good than the amount of good that there is, well, who gets it, how much of it do they get, and what do they have to give up in exchange to get those scarce resources?
Just to make things simple, let’s just first make sure we understand and have a good idea of what resources are scarce and which ones aren’t, and why.
So this is
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8,440 | 6 | 1 |
ten languages) of what to do if they are, against all probability, found back on the surface of the Earth.
Japanese astronaut Koichi Wakata, who will be stationed aboard the ISS next year, will toss the pre-folded planes either by hand or via the Station's robotic arm.
Full coverage of the planned paper airplane flight is on Pink Tentacle.
August 17, 2008
Why is it so?
A friend pointed me to this wonderful quirky resource... a collection of greatest hits clips from Julius Sumner Miller's science shows from the 60s.
Miller portrayed "Professor Wonderful" for a couple of years on the Mickey Mouse Club back in the 60s, and over the next few decades he racked up an amazing collection of TV credits... demonstrating the wonders of physics on public TV in America, on the CBC in Canada, on The Steve Allen Show, on commercials, and...for 23 years... on Australian TV.
Miller was the stereotypical physics teacher...thick accent, wild hair, experiments that often had a frisson of real danger. I particularly liked the bad-ass way he would often start his show:
How do you do, ladies and gentlemen, and boys and girls? My name is Julius Sumner Miller, and physics is my business.
Australia's ABC TV network has a collection of clips from the show online (they're in Real and Windows Media format). Enjoy!
July 05, 2008
The best way to explain it is with some typical random values spit out by the site...
|Water locked up in ice worldwide||3e+7 cubic kilometer|
|Number of African clawed frog eggs|
laid per spawning
|Number of alveoli in human lung||274 to 790 million|
|Length of E. coli flagella||15 microns|
This site is no doubt useful to biologists who sometimes have to put their finger on a number related to their work, in much the same way that a chemist sometimes really needs to know the melting point of Tungsten. But me, I just like viewing the quirky disjointed parade of values as yet another way to appreciate the extraordinary range and wonder of the living world.
May 21, 2008
The Illustrated Guide to Home Chemistry Experiments
This is a great time to be a kid interested in robots or programming or multimedia, what with Lego Mindstorms and computers and video cameras. But it's the worst of times if you're a kid interested in chemistry.
Over the past generation or so, kids chemistry sets have been emasculated and dumbed to the point of near worthlessness. There are a number of reasons for this... among them manufacturer's fear of lawsuits(*), post-9/11 paranoia about chemicals being used by terrorists, and war-on-drugs paranoia about the ingredients and equipment in chemistry sets being used by meth labs(**).
As a result, there are probably fewer kids in America getting turned on by chemistry, which means there may be fewer kids choosing chemistry as an advocation.
And this couldn't happen at a worst time. We're on the verge of a world-changing revolution in the material sciences, and we could use all of the crack chemists we can get to fuel it.
Robert Thompson to the rescue! Thompson's the author of the Illustrated Guide to Home Chemistry Experiments, a new book that tells you how to set up your own chemistry lab, and then use it to perform dozens of fun and educational experiments.
The book lays out just what apparatus and chemicals you'll need, and where you can get them. (It turns out many of the chemicals that have been banned from chemistry sets are still readily available at your local hardware store). I was particularly impressed with the Guide's instructions on how to keep a lab notebook (I could have used that info when I was starting out in science).
Armed with this book, I'm looking forward to many hours with the kids, unlocking the wonders of the chemical world.
(*)So, is doing home chemistry dangerous? Sure, potentially, in the same way that cooking (another activity that every kid master) can be dangerous. Thompson's book does an excellent job teaching lab safety.
(**) Evidently, the state of Texas has made it illegal to buy an Erlenmeyer flask without a permit.
March 23, 2008
The sounds of Saturn
Looking for the perfect sound for that sci-fi movie you've been working on? Cassini to the rescue!
My interplanetary buddy, the Cassini spacecraft, has been busy collecting data from Saturn and its moons for years(*). Way back in the late 90s Cassini recorded the electro-magnetic radiation that occurs in the polar regions of Saturn's atmosphere (similar energy causes the Northern lights here on Earth). A while back some JPL scientists converted the transmissions to audible sound, giving us a sense of what Saturn sounds like.
I think the sound has a wonderfully spooky storm-at-the-South-Pole quality to it, combined with just the type of static that sounds like outer space. In short, it's JUST the sound you would want to use if you were making a creepy sci-fi space horror epic.
Wouldn't it be great if movie sound artists started using the Cassini Saturn sound everywhere? If it became as widely used as the Wilhelm scream?
(*) The Cassini spacecraft was launched from Earth in 1997. After following one of the gnarliest flight paths ever devised, Cassini went into orbit around Saturn in 2004.
March 14, 2008
Scientists create artificial traffic jams
Long time readers of this blog know that I'm a big fan of the psychological aspects of traffic. So I was delighted to learn that Japanese scientists have been doing live simulations of one of the most enigmatic traffic phenomena... the shockwave jam.
Shockwave traffic jams are patches of stop and go traffic that appear out of nowhere and seem to have no cause. Traffic engineers have been looking at shockwave jams for more than 15 years. Using computer simulations, they've worked out that the jam is started when a driver on a crowded highway slows down. That causes the following driver to tap the brakes, which causes other cars to slow down, and so on and so on.
Computer modeling is all well and good, but until now no one's ever tried to generate shockwave jams with real cars on a real road.
As you can see in this very cool YouTube video, the Japanese researchers spaced 22 cars around a circular track and started driving. Though the drivers tried their best to maintain a perfectly constant speed, they invariably sped up and slowed down by tiny amounts. Those tiny changes got amplified by the following drivers' reactions. Eventually there were times when some of the cars had to stop completely.
There's a write up of the experiment in this week's New Scientist.
August 20, 2007
Virus hits World of Warcraft
[Note: I originally mistakenly thought it was the plague itself that happened in the past few days. Actually, the plague happened back in 2005, it was the scientific analysis of how WoW players reacted to the plague that was new. I've corrected the post. Chris S.]
There was a devastating plague a couple of years ago, one that claimed the lives of thousands of victims. Haven't heard about it? That's because the virus happened online, in the virtual world called World of Warcraft.
The so-called "corrupted blood" virus spread rapidly and wiped out WoW players online avatars.
As disruptive as the computer virus has been, it's been a godsend for epidemiologists who study how people react to the threat of disease. For instance, according to a story about the outbreak on the BBC website, some players tried to come to the aid of infected players, while others fled WoW cities where the infection has taken hold.
Scientific American has an additional article on the outbreak.
(Image by Agent Smith/flickr.com)
July 06, 2007
Here's a little bit of beauty for your weekend. The space shuttles are festooned inside and out with on-board cameras. A guy in the UK named Steve Bowbrick took a compilation video of shots from camera mounted on the solid rocket boosters of the shuttle Atlantis, laid a musical soundtrack by The Electroplankton Quartet over it, and the result is a surprisingly poignant and lovely short film.
You can watch the video right here. (There's also a somewhat better quality Quicktime there for download).
June 27, 2007
Be your own spaceship
Over the decades I've known him, my good friend Dr. Foo has come up with more great plot ideas than a whole Hollywood Starbucks full of script writers. More than 20 years ago he had the idea of a new extreme sport for the ultra-rich... you go into orbit on the shuttle, don a space suit, hop out for a little bit of EVA, then strap a heat shield on your feet, fire the retro-rockets strapped to your back, plunge through the atmosphere, pop your parachute, and drop softly back into your back yard.
Now dammed if someone isn't thinking about doing it for real. Or at least something close to it. An article in the new issue of Popular Science lays out current work being done in the area. One company thinks they'll be able to offer sub-orbital parachute re-entry from 60 miles up within a couple of years, and at least one JPL engineer says there's no reason you couldn't design a spacesuit and personal heat shield that would allow a human to fall back all the way from full earth orbit.
Read the full article online right here.
May 03, 2007
Global walking speed increases
You may not have noticed, but people are walking faster than they used to. According to recent research by British psychologist Richard Wiseman, global urban walking speed has increased by about 10% since a similar survey was conducted in the '90s.
According to the new survey, which charted walking speed in 32 cities worldwide, people in Singapore move the fastest.
You can see the full city list in this ITN article.
(Thanks Boing Boing).
April 18, 2007
The Great Turtle Race
Forget the basketball and hockey playoffs and the start of the baseball season. The sports event of the season is The Great Turtle Race. Eleven Leatherback Turtles on their spring migration from Costa Rica to the Galapagos Islands have been outfitted with radio transmitters, and their precise location is being tracked throughout their two week journey.
The Turtle Race website has constant updates on who's in the lead, and the British betting house partybets.com will let you put hard cash down on the winner. Expect the betting to become more volatile now that Stephen Colbert has an entry in the race (the odds right now on Colbert's turtle, named Stephanie Colburtle, are 8 to 1).
April 12, 2007
How to Make an Object Invisible
According to this article in Technology Review, we're one step closer to having invisible objects. The object in question is covered in nano-scale wires that have a negative refractive index. This can make light wrap right around the object and continue on as if the light wasn't even there.
This isn't exactly Harry Potter invisibility cloak stuff (this test only works for one frequency of visible light and you can still kind of see the object, but it's definitely a breakthrough.
April 01, 2007
The forever clear windshield
I continue to get little frissons of wonder every time that I read about yet another wondrous new material with some sort of amazing property. (And believe me, if you read the nanotechnology and materials science news like I do, you know that new materials are appearing practically every day).
The latest material is a polymer coating that's the holy grail for drivers...a windshield coating that make it impossible for the window to fog up AND makes it impossible for most types of dirt to stick to the window. The coating keeps water on the windshield from beading up (at the microscopic level the fog on windshields is made up of tiny water beads), while it forces oil-based substances (like many types of windshield dirt) to bead up, allowing it to be easily wiped or flushed off.
What makes this so odd is that normally water wants to bead up on glass and oil wants to form a thin even film. Here the exact opposite behavior happens. Weird and cool.
(Thanks Technology Review)
March 27, 2007
Video game playing kids help cure cancer
It's been about five months since Sony's PlayStation 3 hit the market. Since that time there have been countless virtual touchdowns scored, putts sunk, and monsters slain. But all of those PS3s have been doing something else too -- helping fight disease.
It turns out every PS3 sold has a link to download and run Folding@Home... a free computer program that allows the PlayStations to help solve extremely difficult computer problems, such as figuring out the complex ways in which protein molecules can fold and change shape. (Scientists think errors in protein folding may be behind diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's).
The Folding@Home software only runs when the PlayStation is not actually being used to play games. Every time a gamer takes a break to do homework or go to bed the PS3 works on another tiny bit of the protein problem, sending its results back to Folding@Home H.Q. at Stanford University.
Nearly 50,000 PS3s already have the software installed, and more download it every day. Collectively, all of those PS3 make one of the most powerful supercomputers on Earth.
CNN has an article on the whole thing. The Folding@Home website has lots of cool stats, as well as links to download the software.
(Cartoon from little-gamers.com).
March 10, 2007
New symbol for radiation danger
The International Atomic Energy Agency has unveiled a new graphic symbol designed to warn people that they're in the presence of dangerous radiation. The symbol, meant to supplement the ubiquitous trefoil radiation symbol that filled us all with dread and fear back in the Cold War days, will be used in situations where proceeding further could result in grave consequences. For instance, you might find the symbol inside of a food irradiation device, on the internal hatch covering the radiation source. The message being "Dude, you don't want to take this cover off". Most people will go their whole lives and never see this symbol.
The new symbol was the result of five years of work that included testing in 11 different countries all around the world. But not everyone is happy with it. For instance, check out this critique by usability expert Andrew Crow from Adaptive Path.
I can't wait 'til I start seeing these stickers on skateboard decks.
March 07, 2007
Planetary Defense Conference
Right now you're missing the most bad-ass conference EVER. The Planetary Defense Conference in Washington DC brings together scientists, astronauts, politicians and futurists to come up with a master-plan on how to keep an errant asteroid from smashing into Earth and bringing life as we know it to an end.
Conference attendees will be talking about how to detect oncoming asteroids, what's the best way to nudge potential planet killers into safe orbits, and what's the right way to tell all of humanity they're about to die. Now that's what I call a conference.
If you want to get in on the action, you still have time. The conference runs through Thursday.
P.S. Think this whole threat of being hit by an asteroid thing is something we don't have to worry about for a million years? You obviously don't know about 99942 Apophis.
March 03, 2007
Born under a bad sign
This is one of those things that when you hear it you go "Nah, that can't be true." But it is true... there's a connection between the month in which you were born and your chance of getting certain diseases.
For instance, being born in northern hemisphere in February, March or April increases your risk of developing schizophrenia by between 5% and 10%. People with anorexia are 13% more likely to be born from April to June. Born in the fall? You're 8% more likely to suffer from panic attacks. These findings are the ravings of some crackpots or astrology con-artist... they are well executed, peer-reviewed, statistically valid scientific analyses.
So what the hell is going on? How is this possible? Researchers think it isn't the month in which you're born that makes the difference, it's actually the month in which you were going through key aspects of fetal development. For instance, the hormone melatonin varies with the amount of sunlight and those changing levels in the mother could affect fetal brain development in a way that leads to schizophrenia decades later.
Meanwhile, people with anorexia are statistically more likely to have had an anorexic mother. Perhaps anorexic mothers have a greater chance of becoming pregnant during the warmer summer months? The thought is that that there is slightly less metabolic stress during the warmer summer months, and that might make things just easier enough for an anorexic woman to conceive and bring a pregnancy to term the following spring, right when the spike in future anorexic births occurs.
A great article on all of this appeared in New Scientist back in January, but a paid subscription is needed to see it online. But it looks like The Civic Platform blog has said "screw copyright" and posted it here.
(Thanks to John Barth for the pointer).
February 25, 2007
Retro-future visions of space stations
Here's a quick bit of beauty for your weekend. Back in the 70s, NASA commissioned paintings of what future space colonies might look like. Now they've released more than a dozen of these gorgeous paintings into the public domain. While it looks like it's going to be quite a while before we're all living in giant spinning rings gently circling the globe (hell, we still can barely get humans into low earth orbit) but when we *do* get there, it's going to look amazing.
P.S. If you like these images, you may enjoy these images I found from the dawn of the Apollo program.
February 22, 2007
The sound of the world
You can't hear it, but the Earth is constantly singing. There is a constant hum right around 10 millihertz that can be heard (with the right instruments) anywhere on Earth, 24 hours a day.
So, the obvious question is, what's making that noise? Scientists have had lots of theories (earthquakes, noise from lightning strikes, wind rushing through mountain passes). Now a couple of researchers at Columbia University in New York have sussed it out.
It turns out the sound is caused by waves hitting shorelines all around the world. As waves rush in and then flow out, there are points where crests of waves coincide. At those points the water
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the time doesn’t listen to motivation if he is told. Homers environment also plays a large part in his influence to be overall healthy and have a healthy level of physical activity. Homers pub, Moe’s tavern is local, therefore easy to get to and a temptation for him. Also not many people in homers local town engage in PA or are substanualy healthy. All homers friends are drinkers and smokers, and Homer likes to keep his image of a typical American man. Homer lives in a low socio-economic and socio-cultural environment and this has an impact on his lifestyle.
Homer has no ethics or morals about his health and isn’t ashamed to say that he is fat and stupid. There are fitness facilities surrounding Homers environment which are available to him, but he doesn’t use them. These include the gym, which in one episode, he had never heard of it and called it a “ gim” and also various parks around his town. As you can see the six factors, heredity, education, lifestyle, priorities, motivation and environment have all contributed to homer being in the state he is today.22.01.2023 21:19 itibariyle
Gerçekten de Elysée Antlaşması’nın 60. yılı kutlanmalıdır. Ancak Fransız-Alman tatili, Ukrayna savaşı ve Alman tank ikmal sorularının gölgesinde kaldı.
Yıldönümü günü Pantheon’da başladı: Holokost’tan sağ kurtulan Simone Weil’in tabutuna çelenk koyma töreni. Ulusal Meclis Başkanı Yael Brown-Pivett, “Günümüzü tanımlayan şey, nereden geldiğinizi hatırlamak ve nereye gittiğinizi bilmektir” diyor. Bu yüzden Federal Meclis Başkanı, Avrupa Parlamentosu’nun 1. Başkanı olan kadını da onurlandırmak istedi.”
Daha sonra Sorbonne’daki törende, Avrupa marşı Fransızca ve Almanca olarak söylendi. Şansölye Olaf Scholes’e göre her şeyden önce kendimizi birleşik bir Avrupa’nın itici gücü olarak görüyoruz. Alman karşıtlığı da mevcuttur ve partiler arası bir kutlama havasındadır.
“Bu dostluk da çatlıyor”, Sabine Rao, ART Paris, Elysée Antlaşması’ndan 60 yıl sonra
tagesschau24 16:00, 22.1.2023
Muhalefet aynı zamanda diplomasidir
Sol Parti’den Bundestag genel başkan yardımcısı Petra Pau, sonbaharda birlik olmaması nedeniyle ertelenen Fransız-Alman kabinesini hatırlıyor ve şunu öneriyor: “Belki şu ya da bu yerde küçük bir düzeltme. sonbaharda dikkatlice söylüyorum.”
CDU muhalefet lideri Friedrich Merz ileriye bakıyor: “Bugün her zaman Almanya, Fransa ve Polonya arasında olmasını istiyorum ve bu üç ülkeyle birlikte Avrupa’yı fethetme liderliğini paylaşıyoruz.”
Yine tank sorusu
Sorbonne’daki sabah töreninden sonra – Paris’ten geçen siyah limuzinlerden oluşan Fransız-Alman konvoyunun motoru. Her iki ülkenin bakanları, ortak bir kabine toplantısı için Elysee’ye gidiyor. Ardından Şansölye Scholes ve Başkan Emmanuel Macron basına gidiyor. On sayfalık raporun ilk konusu: Ukrayna’da güvenlik, savunma ve savaş.
İkinci soru: “Leopard 2” veya “Leclercs” gibi ağır tanklar sunuyor musunuz? Cumhurbaşkanı Macron neredeyse emin: “Hiçbir şey imkansız değil. Bunu üç kritere göre değerlendiriyoruz: Çatışmanın tırmanmasına yol açmamalılar. Ukraynalı dostlarımıza etkili yardımı temsil etmeliler. Bunun için onları, teknolojiyi eğitmeliyiz. ve üçüncüsü, kendimizi savunma yeteneğimiz. Onu kesmemeli.”
Öte yandan Scholz, “Geçmişte olduğu gibi gelecekte de dostlarımız ve müttefiklerimizle her zaman yakın istişare içinde ve belirli durumu tartışarak yapmaya devam edeceğiz. Bunu yapmak zorundayız. Savaşın başlamasından korkuyoruz.” çok uzun sürecek ve bu nedenle Ukrayna’nın bilmesi önemlidir: desteğimiz var, pes etmeyeceğiz.
Bir sürü güzel düşünce
Litvanya ve Romanya’da Fransız-Alman manevraları olacak. Élysée Sarayı’nın avlusunda yüksek teknoloji ürünü bir askeri modelin sergilenmesi tesadüf değil: Scholes ve Macron’un yakın zamanda özel olarak geri ittiği FCAS savaş uçağı programı için bir insansız hava aracı. Drone, Fransız-Alman Airbus Group tarafından geliştirildi.
Proje lideri Bruno Fischefukes, “Dronlar elektronik harp kullanabilir, düşman radarını bozabilir ve düşmanı bir savaş uçağı ve büyük bir filo ile karşı karşıya olduklarına inandırabilir” diyor.
İçişleri bakanları, yasa dışı göçle mücadele etmek için partiler üstü yeni bir güç kurdular. Ek olarak, gelecekteki hidrojen boru hattı Almanya’ya kadar uzanacak. Enflasyonla mücadele programının etkilerini ABD ile yeniden müzakere etmek istiyorlar. Fransa ve Almanya, AB’yi Batı Balkanlar’ı da kapsayacak şekilde genişletmek istiyor ve bu nedenle Birlik içinde karar almayı kolaylaştırmak istiyor.
Her ikisi de daha yeşil, daha yenilikçi bir Avrupa istiyor. Yeni bir Fransız-Alman pil araştırma projesi başlatıldı. Sorbonne’daki törende gençlerin yoğun bir şekilde temsil edildiği gün boyunca bir temaydı. Fransız-Alman gençliğinin dünyayı değiştirmesi gerektiğini söylüyordu. Paris yakınlarındaki Puig’deki Alman-Fransız lisesinden Eve, Celia ve Julien günü şereflendirdi: “Müdür ve başkanla tanışabildiğimiz için çok gurur duyduk. Yıldönümünü bütün hafta lisede kutladık. ”
Şansölye ve Başkan da onlar için çift yönlü tren bileti alıyor. Bu yaz 60 bin genç yurt dışına trenle ücretsiz seyahat edebilecek. Hükümetler, gelecek odaklı bir gündemle daha az sıklıkta toplanma eğilimindedir. Almanya bir sonraki ortak inzivayı sonbaharda organize edecek.
Fransız-Alman Élysée Antlaşması’nın 60. yıldönümü münasebetiyle Paris’te düzenlenen tören
Friederike Hofmann, ARD Paris, Daily Topics 22:45, 22 Ocak 2023
“Amatör televizyon delisi. Hevesli bir iletişimci. Çıldırtıcı derecede mütevazi kahve savunucusu. Sertifikalı yaratıcı.”The first resource for any family whose student needs support is the classroom or Title/LAP teacher. They are a wealth of knowledge and are formally educated in literacy education.
When you are seeking more education as a parent, beware that there are lots of sites out there that make erroneous claims about learning and instruction. Below are some resources for families to use as a starting point. Please note that MISD does not monitor external sites for their updates. That said, these are some generally reputable sites.
- Reading at Home
- Reading Rockets
- U.S. Department of Education
- American Academy of Pediatrics
- Reading is Fundamental
- Get Ready to Read
- National PTA Guides
Parenting a struggling reader. New York. Broadway Books. Hall, S. & Moats, L.C. (2002)
- Straight Talk about Reading. Hall, S.L. & Moats, L.C. (1999) Chicago, Ill. Contemporary Books
- Starting out right: A guide to promoting children's reading success. National Research Council. (1999). Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
- Put reading first: Helping your child learn to read: A parent guide: Preschool through grade 3. The Partnership for Reading. (2000). MD: National Institute for Literacy.
- 7 keys to comprehension: How to help your kids read it and get it! Zimmermann, S., & Hutchings, C., (2003). New York: Three Rivers Press.In the brain, many types of synaptic proteins are spatio-temporally regulated to maintain synaptic activity at a constant level. Here, the Japanese research group led by Professor Masaki Fukata, Drs. Yuko Fukata and Jun Noritake in National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Japan, found that two types of palmitoylating enzymes finely-tune the location and function of a major synaptic protein, PSD-95, in different ways.
They also found that this mechanism contributes to keeping synaptic activity stable when synaptic activity dynamically changes. The Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) supported this study.
The research group focused on two types of palmitoylating enzymes, DHHC2 and DHHC3. Protein palmitoylation, the most common lipid modification with the 16-carbon fatty acid palmitate, provides an important mechanism for regulating synaptic proteins in neurons. Here, the research group found that DHHC3 is located in the cell body of neurons to palmitoylate newly synthesized synaptic proteins such as PSD-95, and move out them into dendrites of neurons. In contrast, DHHC2 are located mainly in dendrites of neurons. Dendritically localized DHHC2 mediates dynamic palmitoylation of PSD-95 at synapses upon extracellular signals. When synaptic activity decreases, DHHC2 translocates to the synaptic site to facilitate palmitoylation of synaptic proteins to keep synaptic activity at a constant level.
"We have already found 23 types of palmitoylating enzymes. Our finding suggests that individual palmitoylating enzymes have distinct functions in neurons. Some of palmitoylating enzymes are known to be differently related to neurological disorders such as mental retardation, schizophrenia and Huntington's disease. Therefore, this palmitoylating enzyme family may represent exciting therapeutic targets", said Professor Fukata.
They report the finding in Journal of Cell Biology published on July 13, 2009.
Cite This Page:5 hack di vita per un cottage estivo che ti torneranno utili questo inverno
In inverno, è molto difficile mantenere la pulizia nel paese. È necessario pulire quotidianamente sabbia e neve. Le batterie calde asciugano molto l'aria e le cose si adattano a malapena a un gancio. Alcuni hack di vita ti aiuteranno a ripulire rapidamente la tua casa.
Pallet in plastica o gomma con ghiaia
È necessario smaltire la neve aderente sugli scarponi per strada, in modo da non pulire più tardi le pozzanghere nel corridoio. Gli esperti consigliano di utilizzare un metodo che riduce il costo dello sforzo e del tempo per la pulizia dello sporco: mettere un piccolo vassoio con ghiaia.
Non appena entri in casa, togli le scarpe e mettile nel pallet. Dopo aver scaricato l'acqua, sciacqua bene le scarpe. Pulire il contenitore se necessario. Puoi acquistare contenitori in un negozio di ferramenta o utilizzare un vecchio vassoio.
Molte persone preferiscono non usare la ghiaia perché è difficile da lavare: usano un contenitore vuoto. Il vantaggio di questo metodo è che puoi rimuovere gli stivali direttamente sul pallet.
Appoggiare i tappetini su entrambi i lati della porta
È abbastanza difficile aspirare la hall ogni giorno quando ci sono molte scarpe. La pulizia è necessaria per sbarazzarsi della sabbia. Puoi usare il popolare hack di vita. È necessario mettere tappeti soffici sulla soglia e sulla porta stessa. Devono essere periodicamente puliti dallo sporco e messi ogni anno a secco.
Applicare un po 'di olio vegetale sulla pala
Affinché la neve bagnata non si attacchi alla pala, è necessario applicare un po 'di olio vegetale su di essa. Quindi scivolerà rapidamente dallo strumento e potrai pulire facilmente l'intero cantiere.Articoli recenti Ad aprile, elaboro rose in modo che nessun parassita invada le mie bellezze
5 piante giapponesi che attecchiscono bene nella Russia centrale
Come posso proteggere le piantine dai miei gatti curiosi
Puoi anche cospargere la neve sul sale. Dai suoi effetti, si scioglie rapidamente. Ma questo metodo dovrebbe essere usato con cautela in modo da non rovinare le scarpe e non danneggiare il terreno.
Appendere un panno umido alla batteria con la punta rivolta verso il basso in un contenitore d'acqua
In una stanza con bassa umidità, le persone si sentono a disagio. La pelle inizia a staccarsi, si tossisce, si verifica dolore. Pertanto, in inverno è necessario inumidire l'aria.
Il metodo più semplice è acquistare un umidificatore. Quando non si desidera spendere soldi per il dispositivo, è possibile appendere uno straccio bagnato sulla batteria, lasciandone cadere l'estremità in un contenitore d'acqua.
Crea una scarpiera con fermagli
Affinché le scarpe con gli alberi alti non interferiscano nel corridoio, è necessario creare un gancio con piccoli fermagli. Se la stanza è piccola, puoi fare a meno di un gancio: metti una bottiglia di plastica vuota o un rotolo di cartone spesso nel bagagliaio. Le scarpe saranno livellate e non occuperanno molto spazio.
Se segui gli hack della vita elencati, la casa sarà sempre pulita e ben mantenuta.Kahit ako na-amazed dito. First time ko nakita tong mga pictures ng old manila where i grow. Hindi ko pa to nakita kahit saang history books na nabasa ko. Tignan nyo.
The city of Manila. Oil painting on the inside of a wooden chest, circa 1640-50. Museo de Arte Jose Luis Bello, Puebla. Mexico. After the 1645 earthquake Manila was reconstructed. By the end of the 17th century, Intramuros had some six hundred houses that were protected by its stone walls.
The city of Manila. AGI Manila was undoubtedly the center of the port life of the Philippines, and shared this task with the naval arsenal of Cavite; they were, in a sense, complementary cities.
The Castle of Santiago in the city of Manila. Juan de Ciscara. 1714. AGI The Santiago fortress was built between 1596 and 1602 on the land promontory between the sea and the Pasig River, and was the most important fortification built in Manila. The walls encircling the city started at this point.
Manila Bay. Rafael Cerero. 1888. SGE Corregidor Island divides the entrance to the bay into two channels: one is the “Boca Chica”, which separates the island from Punta Lasirí, and the other is “Boca Grande”, which separates Pulo Caballo and Punta Restringa. Twenty-five miles ahead of them is the city of Manila.
Ground plan of a fortress in Manila. AGI Luzon was the best defended island. From its beginnings, Manila attempted to fortify itself as it was a strategically important point on the route linking China with Cádiz.
View of the bay and the city of Manila. Engraving made by Francisco Javier de Herrera. 1818. SHM The beautiful bay of Manila with its limpid waters was admired by all travelers and seamen putting into port on the coasts of the island of Luzon. It was used as an anchorage by the ships arriving from the principal trading center of Asia and America.
View of the city of Manila from Bagumbayan. Engraving made by Esteve. 1818. SHM In 1581, ten years after its founding, Manila received the title of “Insigne” (noble) and “Leal” (loyal), and became an episcopal seat under the control of Mexico after the proclamation of a papal bull.
The Pasig River in the city of Manila. Fernando Brambila. Collection of drawings and engravings made on the Malaspina Expedition. 1789-1794. MN The city of Manila was founded near to the mouth of the great Pasig River, which was navigable as far as its source at the Laguna de Bay. Up until the 19th century, only one stone-built bridge connected the fortified precinct with the districts on the opposite bank.An Art Deco Christmas
by Lisa De Silva
Make this festive period one to remember and embrace an Art Deco Christmas. Vintage décor, a Christmas Eve cocktail party and a traditional family roast tick all the boxes for the most magical time of the year.
Christmas has been celebrated for over two millennia with both religious and secular traditions, but it wasn’t until the Roaring Twenties and Thirties that our modern day Christmas conventions were refined and standardised. This period, commonly referred to as Art Deco, was often festive and decadent as a matter of course and nowhere was this more apparent than during the Christmas season.
Many of our modern day Christmas customs emerged during the Art Deco years. In fact, the only real difference is that in those days Christmas was short and sweet, instead of the three month onslaught we face today. Here we take a closer look at how Christmas was celebrated during this time.
THE CHRISTMAS TREE
The custom of the Christmas tree was first brought to the UK during the late 19th century, when Prince Albert imported the German tradition of the decorated tree. By the Art Deco period, artificial trees were all the rage and those who could afford it would buy a feather tree. Originally made in Germany around 1845, these were made from green dyed goose feathers arranged into pine needles and attached to wire branches, which were secured to a central dowel, acting as the trunk. All the best department stores sold these modern trees in a range of sizes and colours. For those of lesser means, a chopped tree from the garden or local woods would be brought into the home for decoration.
One of the most notable trends of this time was the introduction of electric lights for the Christmas tree, as an alternative to candles which had previously been used (despite the obvious fire risk!). For many, the main tree decorations were paper chains, but glass ornaments imported from Germany were also popular among the more wealthy. However, the growth of Woolworths in the UK soon brought this style of decoration to the masses, by reducing the price from five shillings to just one old penny per bauble.
It was during this period that the ‘finial bauble’ popularised by Woolworths, became a must-have item for the top
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river accounts for about 2.2 percent of our nation’s entire economic output.
So, as the Mississippi keeps on rollin’ along, it keeps to itself the stories of decades and centuries past. Those are being added to by today’s travelers who, thanks to modern energy, appreciate the river’s continued integral contributions to American life.
More Like This
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Mark Green joined API after a career in newspaper journalism, including 16 years as national editorial writer for The Oklahoman in the paper’s Washington bureau. Mark also was a reporter, copy editor and sports editor. He earned his journalism degree from the University of Oklahoma and master’s in journalism and public affairs from American University. He and his wife Pamela live in Occoquan, Va., where they enjoy their four grandchildren.Yayınlanmış araştırmanın bir incelemesi, en sık görülen deri kanseri olan melanomanın, çoğu zaman, mevcut mollerden değil, yeni noktalar olarak geliştiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Cilt doktorları, bulgunun yeni büyüme ve değişiklikler için cildi düzenli olarak kontrol etme ihtiyacının altını çizdiğini söylüyor.
İtalya ve Yunanistanlı araştırmacılar, tanınmış akademik veritabanlarında yayınlanan 38 melanom çalışmasından elde edilen bulgularını açıklamaktadır.
Melanom, cilt rengini veren hücreler olan melanositlerde mutasyon olarak başlayan özellikle agresif bir deri kanseridir. Mutasyona uğramış hücreler anormal şekilde büyür ve tümörler oluşturur.
Melanomun en yaygın nedeni güneşlenmek veya kapalı bronzlaşma gibi ultraviyole (UV) ışığa maruz kalmaktır. UV ışınları cilt hücrelerini değiştirebilir ve DNA’larına zarar verebilir.
Melanoma, erken bulunursa, başarılı bir şekilde tedavi edilmek çok daha kolay olurken, büyüme, deri veya epidermisin dış tabakasıyla sınırlı kalır. Erken bulunmazsa, daha derin katmanları istila edebilir ve vücudun diğer bölgelerine yayılabilir (metastaz).
Melanom yayıldıktan sonra tedavi etmek çok zordur ve hayatta kalma şansı çok azalır.
2014 yılında, ulusal istatistik için en son yıl, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde 76.665 kişi cilt melanomu tanısı aldı. O yılda, 9,324 kişi de hastalıktan öldü.
Mevcut mol veya yeni büyüme?
Araştırmacılar, araştırmacılar makalesinde, melanomun nasıl başladığına dair kanıtların – ister mevcut bir köstebek, ister “nevüs” den mi, yoksa yeni bir büyümeyle mi karıştırıldığını açıklıyor.
Onlar 1940’ların sonlarından beri, melanom çalışmaları geniş bir oran aralığını belirtmiştir. Bazıları var olan mollerde başlayan melanomların vakaların sadece yüzde 4’ünü oluşturduğunu, diğerleri ise yüzde 72’sini oluşturduğunu söylediler. Ayrıca, 25 çalışmanın yakın tarihli bir analizi, vakaların yüzde 36’sını oluşturduğunu göstermektedir.
Bununla birlikte, yazarlar bu eşitsizliğin temel nedeninin, çalışmaların, tümörün kalınlığı ve köstebek veya sitenin altta yatan özellikleri gibi kanserin ve kökenlerinin farklı yönlerine baktığını savunmaktadır.
Örneğin, herhangi bir altta yatan köstebek veya nevüsün özelliklerinin tanımlanması zordur, çünkü melanom tümörleri sitenin dokusunu deforme edebilir veya yok edebilir.
“Böylece, lezyonun başlangıçta bir nevüs ile ilişkili olup olmadığını belirlemek son derece zor hatta imkansız” diyorlar.
Çoğu melanom yeni büyüme
Bu nedenle, inceleme için, ekip melanomlu hastaların çalışmalarından elde edilen verileri topladı ve analiz etti. Burada araştırmacılar, melanomların mollerle (“nevüsle ilişkili” melanomlar) ilişkili olup olmadığını veya yeni büyümelerden (“de novo” melanomlar) ortaya çıkıp çıkmadığını belirttiler. ).
Toplamda, ekip toplam 20.126 melanomadan sorumlu 38 gözlemsel ve vaka kontrol çalışmasını analiz etti.
Araştırmanın temel bulgusu, melanomların çoğunluğunun (yüzde 70.9) yeni büyüme ile geliştiği ve sadece bir azınlığın (yüzde 29.1) mevcut bir köstebek veya nevustan kaynaklandığı idi.
Yazarlar, “Bu sonuç, çoğu melanomun, nevüs hücrelerinin malign transformasyonundan kaynaklanmadığına dair daha fazla kanıt sağlar.”
Köstebek ile ilişkili melanomların oranı ile köstebek anormal (displastik) dokunun varlığı arasında hiçbir bağlantı bulamadılar.
Araştırmacılar ayrıca, mevcut mollerden kaynaklanan melanomların yeni noktalardan gelişenlere göre daha ince olma eğiliminde olduklarını ve bu tür tümörlü hastaların daha iyi prognoza sahip olduklarını düşündürmektedir.
Kendi kendini muayene ve güneş koruması
Ekip, bu bulgunun şüphe duyduğunda şüpheli değişiklikler için düzenli olarak kontrol eden hastaların tedavinin daha başarılı olduğu erken dönemde melanom bulma şansının daha yüksek olabileceği anlamına geldiğini ileri sürmektedir.
Amerikan Dermatoloji Akademisi, insanların kendi ciltlerinde düzenli olarak kendi kendine muayene yapmasını ve ortaklarının sırtlarını ve diğer görülmesi zor bölgeleri kontrol etmelerini tavsiye etmektedir.
“Çünkü hastalık [melanom] yeni bir büyüme olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır, ancak, herkesin kendi ciltlerindeki tüm beneklerle tanışması ve sadece bu tipteki değişikliklerin değil, aynı zamanda herhangi bir yeni noktanın da araştırılması önemlidir. görünür.”
Caterina Longo, Modena Üniversitesi ve Reggio Emilia, İtalya
Ayrıca, insanların gölgede kalmaları, koruyucu giysiler giymeleri ve 30’luk bir minimum güneş koruma faktörüne (SPF) sahip, suya dayanıklı, “geniş spektrumlu” bir güneş koruyucu uygulamak suretiyle kendilerini zararlı UV ışınlarından koruyabilmelerini tavsiye eder.
2011 yılında ABD Gıda ve İlaç Dairesi (FDA), güneş koruyucu etiketleme konusunda “geniş spektrum” terimini ekledi. Geniş spektrumlu bir güneş koruyucu, ultraviyole A (UVA) ve ultraviyole B (UVB) radyasyonuna karşı korur. SPF sadece UVB’ye karşı koruma seviyesini belirtir.
‘Geniş spektrum tüketicileri şaşırtıyor’
Ancak, daha önce bildirilen başka bir çalışma, ABD’deki çoğu insanın güneş koruyucularını seçerken geniş spektrumları göz önünde bulundurmadığını bulmuştur.
Araştırmacılar, güneş koruyucu ürünler üzerindeki mevcut etiketlemenin “özellikle geniş spektrum tanımlaması, tüketicilere kafa karıştırıcı” olduğunu söylüyorlar.
Çalışma yazarı Roopal V. Kundu, Northwestern Üniversitesi Feinberg School of Medicine’de (IL) Chicago’da dermatoloji profesörü ve meslektaşları güneş koruyucu etiketlerinin UVA ve UVB koruma seviyelerini ayrı ayrı göstermesi gerektiğini öne sürüyor.
Araştırmalarında, katılımcıların sadece yüzde 39’unun güneş kremleri alırken geniş spektrumlu olduğunu fark etmişler, çoğu da cilt kanserine karşı koruma seviyesinin etiketlerde yer alması gerektiğini söylemiş olmasına rağmen.
Ekip katılımcılara açıkça UVA ve UVB koruma seviyelerini açıkça gösteren bir etiket sunduğunda, ürünün iki tür UV ışınına karşı nasıl korunacağını daha iyi anlayabildiler.
Araştırmacılar, tüketicilerin UVA ve UVB arasındaki farklılıkları ve cilt üzerindeki etkilerini ne kadar iyi anladıklarını değerlendirmek için daha fazla çalışma yapılması gerektiğini söylüyor. Bunlar ayrıca güneş koruyucu etiketlerinde koruma seviyelerinin ayrı ayrı gösterilmesinin satın alma kararlarını etkileyip etkilemediğini de öğrenmelidir.
Bununla birlikte, daha açık bir şekilde etiketlenmenin yanı sıra, halk eğitimini geliştirmenin, insanların güneşten koruyucuları alırken iyi bilgilendirilmiş kararlar almaları için bir ihtiyaç olduğu sonucuna varmışlardır.Bloons Tower Defense 2
Bloons Tower Defense 2, orijinal olarak Ninja Kiwi tarafından Flash'ta yayınlanan popüler bir kule savunma oyunudur. Savunmalarınızı stratejik olarak yerleştirin, birimlerinizi yükseltin ve tüm balonların geçişini engelleyin.
Bloons Tower Defense 2
Bir oyun modu seçin
Bloons TD 2'yi kolay, orta veya zor modda oynayabilirsiniz. Mevcut tüm silahlarla oynama şansı yakaladığınız eğlenceli ve hızlı bir oyun için kolay modda başlamanızı öneririz.
Balonların geçmesini durdurun
Bu oyunda amaç balonların çıkışa ulaşmasını engellemektir. Bir balon başarıyla sona ulaştığında, yaşam puanını kaybedersiniz.
Savunmalarınızı satın alın ve yükseltin
Balonları patlatmak için yola dart maymunları yerleştirerek başlayın, ardından tura başlayın. Her dalganın yoğunluğu siz ilerledikçe artacaktır. Balon saldırılarına ayak uydurmak için daha fazla savunma birimi ekleyin ve mevcut birimlerinizi yükseltin. En iyi yükseltme süper maymundur. Dartları inanılmaz derecede hızlı vurur ve lazer ışınlarını ateşlemek için yükseltilebilir!
Bunun Gibi Daha Fazla Oyun
CrazyGames'te bulunan diğer kule savunma oyunlarından bazılarını deneyin. Endless Siege ve Tower Swap, bu türde bağımlılık yapan iki diğer oyundur. Bazı retro web klasikleri arıyorsanız, geri yüklenen kapsamlı Flaş oyunlar koleksiyonumuza da göz atabilirsiniz.
Platform
İnternet tarayıcısı
Kontroller
Oyunu oynamak için farenizi kullanın.Last week, we played around with probability and a deck of cards. If you haven’t had a chance to try the puzzle yet, click here.
It’s more likely that the sum of two cards is even. We can easily check this. Remember that the sum of two even values is even, the sum of two odd values is even, and the sum of an even and an odd value is odd. You have an 8/13 chance of choosing an even card (suits, of course, don’t matter) and a 5/13 chance of choosing an odd card.
The probability that that the sum of your two cards is even = (8/13)(8/13) + (5/13)(5/13).
We can write this as (8/13)^2 + (5/13)^2.
The probability that the sum of your two cards is odd = (8/13)(5/13) + (5/13)(8/13). We can write this as 2(8/13)(5/13).
We can simply see that (8/13)^2 + (5/13)^2 > 2(8/13)(5/13)
If we take the difference between the the probability that the sum is even and the probability that the sum is odd, we can also see which is more likely. If the difference is positive, than an even value is more likely; if it’s negative, then odd is more likely.
(8/13 – 5/13)^2 > 0
We could approach the second question this way and simply calculate it. But we’re going to group the second and third question together and show that we can figure out which is more likely for any arbitrary case.
We know the probability that the sum is even or odd = 1. There are only two cases, so there is a 100% chance that we’ll come up with one of them. (We can check this too, by looking at the first case, in which we’re pulling only one card: 8/13 + 5/13 = 1.)
1 = (8/13 + 5/13)^k, where k is the number of samples.
We can use the same approach to see the difference between the probability that the sum is even and the probability that the sum is odd.
(8/13 – 5/13)^k.
The key is to note that in the expansion of the above expression, all the terms that represent even sums have a positive sign and all the terms that represent odd sums have a negative sign.
We can use those results together to quickly calculate the probability that the sum is even.روز جهانی قابله باشعار"قابله ها برای فردای بهتر" در بلخ در حالی تجلیل می گردد که شماری از بانوانی که در رشته قابلگی تحصیل می نمایند؛ از نبود کار بعد از فارغ شدن شان، نگران بوده و خواهان توجه جدی دولت در این راستا هستند.
به گزارش خبرگزاری صدای افغان (آوا)_ داکتر نجیب پیکان؛ رئیس نهاد های مردمی افغانستان و برگزار کننده این برنامه، می گوید: مادر و طفل جزء اقشار آسیب پذیر در افغانستان می باشند و هم چنان در طول تاریخ نیز به این قشر توجه کمتر شده است. توجه به آموزش و بلند بردن کیفیت آموزشی و هم چنان مهیا ساختن زمینه کارهای عملی برای قابله ها، به کاهش مرگ و میر مادران در این کشور کمک می کند.
وی هم چنان در ادامه سخنان خود گفت: در افغانستان نه تنها در بخش قابلگی توجه جدی نیاز است بلکه در تمام عرصه های صحی، به کادرهای مسلکی، متعهد و دلسوز نیاز مند هستیم.
در همین حال شماری از قابله هایی که در این برنامه اشتراک کرده اند، از عدم جذب آنها بعد از دوره فراغت شان، ابراز نگرانی کرده و از دولت می خواهند که به خاطر مهیا ساختن کارهای عملی و جذب آنها بعد از دوره تحصیلی شان، توجه جدی نماید.
بومانه یعقوبی که یکی از قابله های آینده است از ولسوالی چهار کنت ولایت بلخ به شهر مزار شریف برای آموزش آمده است. وی به آوا می گوید: "وقتی ما از ولسوالی ای که حتی در او یک کلینیک معیاری وجود ندارد در این شهر برای آموزش می آییم؛ اما در این جا هم در کنار تدریس تئوری، فرصت کارهای عملی برای ما مساعد نمی باشد.
وی افزود : من نگران هستم پس از اینکه در این شهر آموزش را فرا می گیرم، بعد از فراغتم برایم زمینه کار مساعد نشود.
این نگرانی ها از جانب این قابله ها در حالی ابراز می شود که سخنگوی وزارت صحت کشور به یکی از رسانه ها اعلام کرده بود که افغانستان نظر به نظر سنجی ای که شده با کمبود نزدیک به ۱۱ هزار قابله روبه رو است.
از روز قابله در حالی در بلخ تجلیل می شود که بنابر اعلام وزرات صحت عامه کشور در سال های اخیر، از سال ۱۹۹۰ تا سال ۲۰۱۵ میزان مرگ ومیر مادران و نوزادان ۵۰ درصد کاهش یافته است.
حدود یک دهه قبل از هر ۱۰۰ هزار زایمان، حدود ۱۲۰۰ مادر در هنگام تولد کودک، جان میدادند. بنابر آمار وزارت صحت، این ارقام اکنون به کمتر از ۲۳۰ واقعه رسیده است.
این وزارت امیدوار است که بنابر برنامه ای که روی دست دارند تا سال ۲۰۳۰ میزان مرگ و میر مادران را در هر ۱۰۰ هزار زایمان به کمتر از۷۰ واقعه کاهش دهند.
افغانستان هنوز بدترین مکان در دنیا برای مادران به حساب میآید. مرگ و میر مادران، ازدواجهای زودهنگام، نبود برنامه تنظیم خانواده، وضعیت بد زیرساختهای بهداشتی و فقر گسترده، عوامل این وضعیت نا به سامان زنان افغانستان است.Tenten'in yaratıcısı Herge'nin ölene kadar peşini bırakmayan 'Tenten Kongo'da' macerası bir kez daha ırkçı suçlamalarıyla mahkemelik.
Karanlık geçmişi Tenten'in başına bir kez daha bela oluyor. Sağcılara, solculara, kapitalistlere, komünistlere, siyah, beyaz, çekik gözlü, kimseye yaranamayan Tenten, 81 yaşında yeniden mahkemeye gitmeye hazırlanıyor. Tenten'in ülkesi Belçika'da yaşayan Kongolu Bienvenu Mbutu, 1920'lerin sonunda yayımlanan Tenten'in Kongo macerasının yasaklanması için geçtiğimiz hafta mahkemeye başvurdu.
Siyahlara karşı ırkçı kalıplarla dolu ve sonrasında Tenten'in yaratıcısı Herge'nin bir gençlik hatası olarak kabul ettiği 'Tenten Kongo'da', İngiltere'de çocuk kitaplarının arasında satılmıyor ve üzerinde bir uyarı bulunuyor. Mbutu, en azından benzer bir uygulamanın Tenten'in anavatanında yapılmasını istiyor. Kongo'dan Amerika'ya ve Tibet'e, dünyanın dört bir yanını gezen, hatta hızını alamayıp aya bile çıkan genç gazeteci Tenten'in 1931-1976 yılları arasında basılan 24 macerası bulunuyor.
Mbutu'nun ve biraz duyarlılığı olan herkesin rahatsız olduğu 'Tenten Kongo'da'nın yayımlandığı dönemde Kongo, Belçika sömürgesi ve Herge'nin çizgi romanının çıktığı derginin patronu kendisinden Tenten'i Kongo'ya göndermesini istiyor. Amaç, Belçikalı beyaz işçileri Kongo'ya çekmek. Herge hiçbir şey bilmediği bir ülkeyi, kendi deyimiyle 'cahilce' ve 'önyargıları'yla yeniden yaratıyor. Kitapta, siyahlar ilkel ve aptal karakterler olarak yaratılıyor. Siyah bir kadın, ufak tefek Tenten'e 'Büyük beyaz adam' olarak hitap ediyor, Tenten yerlilere Belçika haritasıyla coğrafya dersi veriyor.
Herge'yi ırkçı ya da faşist
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优步（Uber）被批评在周末伦敦桥发生恐怖袭击后，对那些急于返回家中的乘客仍执行「峰时定价」（surge pricing），在社交媒体上引发强烈反响，被批「趁火打劫」。
优步App的使用者抱怨，他们在3日晚间发生恐怖袭击后试图搭乘优步专车时，竟然被按照平常价格2.1倍的「峰时定价」收费。据CNNMoney报道，人们纷纷在社交媒体上留言，批评优步在恐袭发生后没有及时关闭其App上的这一功能。
一位推特用户表示：「优步，你们真的要在伦敦恐袭期间按2.1倍的峰时价格收费？？？比低级还低级。」另一位用户自称是Uber的粉丝，但对该公司试图从恐怖袭击中获利极其失望。
优步伦敦总经理埃尔维奇（Tom Elvidge）试图对该公司在恐袭发生后的反应进行辩护。他表示：「我们获悉这一事件后即刻暂停了袭击现场周边所有区域的动态定价（dynamic pricing）功能，并且很快扩展至整个伦敦中心区，就像我们在曼彻斯特和威斯特敏斯特恐袭之后做的那样。」但该公司仍被批评行动不够迅速。 3日晚间伦敦收到的第一个报警电话是在10点08分，而优步于10点50分关闭了恐袭附近地区的「峰时定价」功能，直到11点40分才将范围扩大至整个伦敦中心区。
优步卷入此类纷争并不少见。去年9月，美国曼哈顿切尔发生爆炸，优步也乘机加价，引起民众不满；2015年7月，伦敦地铁员工大罢工，令地铁服务瘫痪。当地市面交通严重受阻，优步更趁机加价两倍，网民批评优步在需求急增时提高收费，自毁声誉。Science Serving Maryland's Coasts
Patricia Glibert, Ph.D.
Horn Point Laboratory
The Release of Nitrogen by Diatoms and Flagellates: Following a Pulse of Nitrate
This experiment studied the mechanism by which diatoms reduce NO3- to NO2- and NH4+ to dissipate electron energy acquired from the sunlight due to turbulent mixing. This mechanism allows the diatoms to not only survive conditions of high nitrate concentration and excessive irradiance, but to actually thrive and benefit from it. To demonstrate that this mechanism occurs, three diatoms and three flagellates were placed in an irradiance which allowed phytoplankton to grow at a normal rate as well as conditions of irradiance ten times that of the normal growth rate. This was repeated at temperatures of 20°C, 15°C, and 10°C. Concentrations of NO3-, NO2-, and NH4+ were measured over a span of three hours for cultures at normal irradiance and at high irradiance. As a result, the diatoms, at all temperatures, produced more NO2- and NH4+ at high irradiance. This remained relatively true for all species. The flagellates, while they may have produced NO2- and NH4+, did so at the same rate as the normal irradiance cultures or at a rate even less than the normal light treatment. This remained relatively true for all species at all temperatures. This evidence suggests that diatoms have an additional mechanism to dissipate electron energy that flagellates do not appear to have.
An essential resource for researchers, students, and managers. Get your copy today!美媒称，中国关于建立一个新中亚安全集团的计划在莫斯科引起担忧：俄罗斯在中亚地缘政治中的地位正在衰落，现在也许要与中国展开竞争。
报道称，中国一直寻求在阿富汗安全事务中扮演更重要角 色。房峰辉在访问期间还承诺向阿富汗提供7000万美元军事援助。但拟议中的联盟将包括塔吉克斯坦而将俄罗斯排除在外这一事实在莫斯科引起了警觉。迄今为 止，俄罗斯一直视其自身为中亚的主要安全提供者，有时候，也将其自身视为中国的伙伴。但这种情况也许正在改变。
俄罗斯智库当代阿富汗研究中 心的安德烈·谢连科在接受俄《消息报》记者采访时说：“这一新联盟有一种危险：除巴基斯坦和阿富汗，中国还将俄罗斯直到不久前还视为本国势力范围一部分的 塔吉克斯坦包括在内。俄罗斯卷入乌克兰和中东导致我们失去了在中亚的地位。在这一处于中国保护伞下的‘中亚版北约’中，俄罗斯似乎将是被排除在外的那一 个。”
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AK文化Viviamo in un paese di poteri forti, di dichiarazioni al limite del ridicolo e di politici burattini!
Qualche giorno fa il Presidente del consiglio italiano, si e' recato all'estero per incontrare un capo di stato vestito di bianco, ebbene il signor presidente ha dichiarato "Siamo dalla parte della chiesa, ma rispettiamo la laicità dello stato".
A me suona questo paragone, "Io sono a favore del Milan , a che se sono un arbitro"
Difficilmente chi dichiara di essere un tifoso di una squadra sarà leale e imparziale con di essa , essendo allo stesso momento un arbitro della gara!!!
Comunque le vie del signore sono infinite , infatti dopo che qualcuno aveva timidamente fatto notare che la Chiesa s.p.a non pagava l'I.C.I. allo stato italiano , qualcun'altro ha deciso di non farla pagare anche a chi ha la prima casa , cosi' almeno i "nemici" della chiesa se ne staranno un po' zitti !
Figuriamoci a parlare di togliere il crocifisso dagli edifici pubblici!!!!!!!
Meglio non prendere esempio da paesi "incivili" come la Francia e Argentina (per conoscenza) e molti altri dove il crocifisso non e' presente.
Non si offendano i miei amici francesi e argentini , ma ho usato l'ironia nella parola incivili!Virtually every healthy food and drink has a breaking point where if you consume too much, it can be unhealthy. Taken to the extreme, a California woman died in 2007 of water intoxication after participating in a contest to see how much water she could drink. Yet water is essential for life. There are a number of foods that have health benefits in moderation, but eating too much could pose problems. As the popular dietary saying goes, “Everything in moderation.” Those are words to live by, even with the following “good” foods.
5. Orange, Grapefruit and Other Fruit Juices
Orange juice and grapefruit juice are rich sources of vitamin C and fiber and have been shown to prevent inflammation. Now for the downside. These juices can contain almost as much sugar, and more calories, than a soft drink. They can affect the potency of many medications, including antibiotics. Another issue has emerged in recent years, as more studies are looking at the negative impact of citrus juice consumption on dental health. In one study by the University of Rochester Medical Center, researchers found orange juice “markedly decreased hardness and increased roughness of tooth enamel.” In fact, the study found juice decreased enamel hardness by 84 percent. The researchers said that could pose a problem for anyone who consumes juice on a daily basis. One way to avoid or limit potential damage is to use a straw. Finally, here is a very contrarian story by The Atlantic questioning how it ever became accepted as almost gospel that fruit juices are universally good for a person. Hint: Citrus fruit interests had a role in the public adopting that mindset.
The problem with nuts is they are delicious, yet even a small serving is loaded with calories — a bad combination. One popular brand of almonds contains 1,080 calories in a six-ounce can. That’s about the size of a tennis ball. Broken down, that’s about six calories per nut. It is far too easy for many people to eat a few handfuls of nuts without realizing the amount of calories they are consuming. Granted, one 2012 study showed that the body may actually absorb a third less calories than are suggested on nut nutritional labels. Even with that caveat they are still a calorie-rich food that should be consumed in moderation. Nuts are loaded in anti-oxidants and nutrients, and are a good source of fiber.
The mercury-related warnings about eating too much fish have been out there so long now they’re not a surprise anymore to most people, but they bear repeating here. Fish accumulate mercury in their bodies, and certain fish should be avoided for that reason. The FDA recommends consumers avoid swordfish, king mackerel, shark and Gulf tilefish, and the government is considering adding two other fish, marlin and orange roughy, to the “avoid” list. In addition, public health officials recommend people limit their intake of grouper, Chilean sea bass, halibut, and fresh tuna (except skipjack). So-called “good,” or low-mercury seafood include wild and Alaska salmon, tilapia, sardines and shrimp, scallops and oysters. Fish is a valuable source of Omega-3 fatty acids, which can boost brain health and lower the risk of cardiovascular disease. In fact, the American Heart Association recommends eating fish at least twice a week.
This fruit is loaded with health benefits. It’s high in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), which are good for cardiovascular health. It contains almost two-dozen vitamins and minerals and is a good source of fiber and potassium. It also has antioxidant properties. The drawback is the surprisingly high calorie count. Because it is a fruit, many people probably assume it is a low-calorie food. But one avocado contains 250 to 300 calories. That’s probably not a problem for an occasional salad. If you’re standing there eating chip after chip loaded with guacamole at a party or your visit to the Mexican restaurant, you’re taking in a lot of calories — and potentially more from the guac than the chips.
1. Coffee and Tea
One week a study comes out saying caffeine is good for you, the next week, another esteemed report highlights the supposed harmful effects. Research in the area remains mixed. An oft-cited 2012 National Institutes of Health study on caffeine use essentially determined that people who drink coffee are less likely to die sooner than those who do not drink coffee. Yet the study’s authors noted that, “the association between coffee consumption and the risk of death remains unclear.” However, the potential dangers of caffeine have been well established. Those include an irregular or rapid heartbeat and insomnia. How much coffee is too much? That answer might depend on your age, body mass and other factors, but as a rule, the Mayo Clinic recommends adults drink no more than 400 milligrams of caffeine per day. That’s the equivalent of about four 8-ounce cups.Israeli, U.S., German researchers unveil remarkable behavior of ocean plankton
Going 'against the flow'
An international team of scientists from Israel, the United States and Germany, led by Prof. Amatzia Genin of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and the Interuniversity Institute for Marine Sciences in Eilat, has provided, for the first time, evidence of the remarkable dynamics responsible for the formation of large aggregations of microscopic animals in the ocean.
From the surface, the ocean appears to be vast and uniform. But beneath the surface, countless number of tiny, nearly transparent animals, called zooplankton, are swept into clusters and patches by ocean currents. The very survival of many zooplankton predators--from invertebrates to whales--and the success of fishermen catches can depend on their success at finding those patches.
The new findings indicate that zooplankton are passively drifting with the current, as their name implies ("planktos" = "drifting" in Greek), but only in the horizontal direction, not in the vertical. Indeed, in the vertical, these creatures show a great ability to go "against the flow."
Although scientists and fishermen have known for a long time that zooplankton spend their life suspended in a constantly flowing environment, an understanding of their responses to ocean currents has remained elusive, mainly due to technological limitations in tracking the motion of the minuscule animals.
Now, the recent development of a three-dimensional, acoustic imaging system by Jules Jaffe of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography at the University of California, San Diego, has opened the door for a team of researchers to track several hundred thousand individual zooplankton at two coastal sites in the Red Sea. In addition to Prof. Genin, the team included his graduate student Ruth Reef; Dr. Jules Jaffe and Prof. Peter Franks from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography; and Dr. Claudio Richter from the Center for Tropical Marine Ecology in Bremen, Germany.
Their findings, reported in the May 6 issue of the prestigious journal Science, show that these small animals effectively keep their depth by "treadmilling" against upwelling and downwelling currents at speeds of up to several tens of body-lengths per second.
Downward-flowing water in the ocean is always accompanied by horizontal flows, forming a convergence, or "downwelling" zone. When zooplankton swim upward against such a downward current, they form patches as more and more individuals are brought in with the horizontal currents and concentrated in the downwelling zone.
"Clumped distribution, termed 'patchiness,' is one of the most ubiquitous characteristics of oceanic zooplankton," said Genin, lead author of the Science paper. "Aggregations (of the tiny animals) are found on all scales, from millimeters to areas covering hundreds of kilometers. Understanding the mechanisms that produce zooplankton patchiness is a central objective in biological oceanography."
The new imaging system, Fish TV, uses multibeam sonar to uniquely measure animal movement. The system allowed the researchers to analyze the swimming behavior of more than 375,000 individual zooplankton swimming against vertical currents. Swimming in this manner allows the plankton to keep their depth, a behavior which was postulated long ago but had never been measured in the ocean until now. The scientists say it is remarkable that the small zooplankton are capable of remaining at a constant depth with such high precision in the face of such strong vertical currents. The ecological implications of this behavior carry far-reaching consequences for predatory fishes, whales and humans.
The results of the multinational research project were captured during three experiments lasting several weeks at two sites in the Red Sea, near the coral reef of Eilat in Israel and at Ras Burka off the coast of Egypt's Sinai Peninsula. At the sites, scuba divers attached Fish TV's sonar head ("transducer") on a large underwater tripod, raised some 20 feet above the seafloor. The transducer was cabled to a control and data-acquisition unit consisting of a computer and other electronic hardware.
Fish TV's transmitters sent out 1.6 megahertz "pings" that bounced off the zooplankton and returned data to the instrument's receivers. It's a system not unlike those used in ultrasound procedures for biomedical applications.
"That small zooplankton are capable of remaining at a constant depth with a precision of centimeters, sometimes in the face of strong vertical currents, implies that these organisms have extremely sensitive depth sensors, the nature of which is yet unknown," said Genin. "That this depth-keeping behavior has evolved in so many different species implies that this energetically demanding behavior provides significant, yet poorly understood benefits. Revealing those benefits and the nature of depth sensing will be a major and exciting challenge for future research in zooplankton ecology and evolution."
Source: Eurekalert & othersLast reviewed: By John M. Grohol, Psy.D. on 21 Feb 2009
Published on PsychCentral.com. All rights reserved.January 1 – January 5
Good Evening!! I hope everyone had a wonderful Christmas and New Year’s!!
Here is what your child will be doing in Pre-K this week!
Math– We will continue to focus on one to one correspondence by counting objects. We will introduce the number 11. We will practice writing our numbers 0-11. We will continue working on sorting. We will look at ways to group objects (size, color, and shape). We will practice making shapes with various objects.
Reading– We will start Unit 5, Jingles, Poems, and Rhymes.
Religion– We will begin Lesson 22: Christmas is Jesus’ Birthday. We start Religion with “The Glory Be”. At snack and lunch, we say the “Grace Before Meals” prayer. Our morning prayer is the “Our Father”.
Science– We will start our unit on Winter.
*Library books are due on Mondays. If your child finishes reading their library book before Monday, they can turn it in earlier.
* Please remember to label your child’s clothing.By: Cynthia Kinsaul
Rational: The phoeme /p/ can sometimes be difficult for children to learn. This lesson will help them develop this discriminatory skill. The students will learn to recognize /p/ in spoken words and objects provided. By doing this the children will increase their ability to discriminate the p=/p/ sound.
Materials: (1) cooking pot, (1) picture of a pink pig, (1) ping pong ball, (1) cotton ball, (1) shoe string, (1) crayon, (1) brush, (1) rubbermaid box, picture pages, construction paper, scissors, glue, If You Give a Pig a Pancake by Harper Collins.
1. Explain to the children that written language consists of connecting letters to sounds. In today's lesson we will be looking for the p=/p/ sound in words.
2. Ask the students what the p=/p/ sound makes. Then model the /p/ sound by saying "watch my mouth and listen as I make the p=/p/ sound. "Let's all make the p=/p/ sound with our mouths." "Can anyone tell me a word where we make the sound /p/? Here are some examples, show the children the items brought to class that begin with the /p/ sound. Pot, picture of a pink pig, ping-pong ball, etc.
3. "Let's try a tongue twister". Pink pigs play ping-pong in a pen. Have the tongue twister written on the board with the letter p in every word written in a different letter than the other words so the children can see the p=/p/ sound. "Everyone say the tongue twister together on my signal". "We are going to say it three times". Then say it one more time and really emphasize the /p/ sound in the words.
4. Give each student a cotton ball to place on their desk. Tell them to put their mouths close to the cotton, but not touching it, and make the /p/ sound. Each time they make the /p/ sound the cotton will move. This will help them remember how to make the /p/ sound.
5. After we have practiced saying the p=/p/ sound tell the children we are going to play a game to identify which items in the box have the /p/ sound and which one's don't. Have children take turns coming up and
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- İnce iğne aspirasyonu: İnce iğne veya diğer ismiyle perkütan biyopsisinde, dokudan küçük içi boş ince bir iğne ile örnekleme alınır. Tiroid bezi ve prostat bezinin biyopsisinde yoğun olarak kullanılan bir tekniktir.
- Kalın iğne biyopsi: Tru cut biyopsisi olarak bilinen bu teknikte kitlenin içinden silindirik doku örnekleri alınmaktadır.
Fırça Biyopsisi
Mikroskobik inceleme için hücre ve doku alınmak üzere lezyon yüzeyinin bir fırça ile aşındırılmasıyla elde edilen endoskopik (ucunda kamera bulunan endoskop denilen araçla) olarak yapılan bir biyopsi tekniğidir.
Koryonik Villus Biyopsi
Koryon villus biyopsisi (CVS), hamilelik sırasında doğum kusurlarını, genetik hastalıkları ve diğer sorunları tespit etmek için kullanılan doğum öncesi bir biyopsi tekniğidir. Test sırasında, plasentadan küçük bir hücre örneği (koryon villus adı verilir) alınır.
Koni Biyopsi
Koni biyopsisi, serviksten (rahmin vajinaya bağlandığı boğaz benzeri yapı) koni şeklindeki bir doku parçasını çıkarmak için yapılan küçük bir işlemdir. Genellikle rahim ağzı kanserinin neden olabileceği semptomları olanlarda uygulanır.
Endoskopik Biyopsi
Bu tür biyopsi, bir fiberoptik endoskop (görüntüleme için ucunda yakın odaklama teleskopu olan uzun, ince bir tüp) aracılığıyla ağız gibi doğal bir vücut açıklığından (ya da rektum) veya küçük bir kesiden yapılmaktadır.
Sentinel Lenf Düğümü Biyopsisi
Sentinel lenf düğümünün (kanserin yayılma olasılığı yüksek olan ilk lenf düğümü) çıkarılması için yapılan biyopsi tekniğidir. Lenfatik haritalama adı verilen bir işlemle ameliyattan önce tümörün yakınına radyoaktif bir izleyici veya mavi boya enjekte edilerek biyopsi yapılır.
Shave Biyopsi (tıraş biyopsisi)
Tıraş biyopsisi, deri katmanlarından ya da yüzeyde bulunan hücrelerden örnekleme yapılmak için kullanılan bir cilt biyopsisi türüdür. Cildin en üst tabakasından doku örneği alınması için jilet benzeri bir aletle kazıma işlemi yapılarak doku alınır.
Stereotaktik Biyopsi
Stereotaksik biyopsi uygulanırken stereotaktik denilen üç boyutlu koordinatlama tekniği kullanılır. Genellikle beyin ve meme dokusunda örnekleme yapmak için kullanılır.
Tel Lokalizasyonlu (stereotaktik) Biyopsi
Tel yerleştirme biyopsisi de denen bu teknikte mamografi veya ultrasonografi eşliğinde anormal yapının tam yerini işaretlemek için ince bir tel kullanılır ve bu telle örnekleme yapılmak istenen doku çıkartılır.
Sternal Biyopsi
Kemik İliği biyopsisi olarak bilinen sternal biyopsi, kalça kemiği veya göğüs kemiğine bir iğne sokularak kemik iliği, kan ve küçük bir kemik parçasının çıkarılmasını içerir. Bu biyopsi çeşidinde ya iliak krest kalça kemiğinden (alt sırt bölgesindeki pelvisin her iki tarafındaki kemik alanı) ya da sternumdan (göğüs kemiği) örnek alınır.
Kesi Biyopsisi
Kesi biyopsisi ile tümörün sadece küçük bir kısmı çıkarılır. Yine tümörün bulunduğu bölgeye göre lokal veya genel anestezi uygulanabilirken, bazı yumuşak doku tümörleri için insizyonel biyopsi yapılması gerekebilir.
Çekirdek İğne Biyopsi
Bu biyopsi tekniğinde, tümörden küçük doku parçaları almak için büyük bir iğne kullanılır. Çekirdek biyopsisi için kullanılan iğne, ince iğne aspirasyonu için kullanılan iğneden daha büyüktür. İşlem genellikle lokal anestezi altında yapılır.
Punch Biyopsi
Punch biyopsileri, hedeflenen dokudan silindirik yapıya daha derin bir örnek almak için, özel bir alet kullanılarak yapılır. Bu işlemde lokal anesteziden sonra kullanılan alet, deri yüzeyinde, dermis, epidermis ve subkutan (yağ) en yüzeysel kısımları dahil olmak üzere tüm katmanları kesene kadar döndürülmektedir.
Sıvı Biyopsi
Sıvı biyopsi minimal invaziv (az cerrahi) prosedürdür ve kan örneğini kanser açısından kontrol etmek için uygulanır. Sıvı biyopsi sırasında alınan kan örneği bazı tekniklerle analiz edilir. Bir doku biyopsisine kıyasla, daha az risk taşıyan bir tekniktir ve birden fazla kez kolayca gerçekleştirebilir. Ayrıca doktorların bir tümörün ilerlemesini kontrol etmesi ve bir tedavinin ne kadar etkili olduğunu görmesi için etkilidir. Bu biyopsi türü nispeten yeni bir biyopsi türüdür.
Vakum Destekli Biyopsi
Bu tür biyopsi, özel olarak tasarlanmış bir iğneyle doku örneği almak için bir emme cihazı kullanır. Bu yöntemle aynı biyopsi bölgesinden birden fazla veya büyük numune alınabilir. Vakum destekli biyopsi bazen görüntü rehberliğinde gerçekleştirilir.
Çoğunlukla bir dokuda hastalık olup olmadığını belirlemek için biyopsi yapılmaktadır. Birçok tetkik yapıldığı halde hastalık tanısı koyulamıyorsa biyopsi yapılması gerekebilir. Tanı koyulması için biyopsi yapılan sağlık koşullarından bazıları şunlardır;
- Kanser
- Ağız içi yaraları
- Sert şişlikler
- Sistemik hastalıkları
- Enfeksiyon hastalıkları
- Tanı koyulamayan hastalıklar
- Hormon bozuklukları
- Organ nakli sonrası organın ret koşulları
- Ülseratif kolit ve Crohn hastalığı teşhisi
- Akciğerin sertleşmesine neden olan hastalıklar
Biyopsiler vücudun birçok bölgesinde ve pek çok nedenle yapılabilen bir prosedürdür. Biyopsinin yaygın olarak uygulandığı teknikler ve uygulama alanları şu şekildedir:
- Karın biyopsi: Karında görülen anormal bir yapının kanserli ya da iyi huylu bir kitle olup olmadığının teşhis etmek için yapılmaktadır. Topak veya yumru benzeri anormallikler karın bölgesinin iç kısımlarındaki yağlarda görülebilir. Ultrason rehberliğinde bu anormal yapıdan, doku örneği alınma işlemdir.
- Kemik biyopsi: Kemik enfeksiyonu ya da kanseri gibi sağlık koşullarının teşhisi için uygulanır. Bu tip biyopsi perkütan olarak yani deri yoluyla yapılırken, cerrahi veya iğne ile yapılması tercih edilebilir.
- Kemik iliği biyopsi: Kan kanseri olan lösemi teşhisi için uygulanmaktadır. İğne ile küçük bir kemik iliği ve kemik örneklemesi yapılırken, bazı durumlarda yalnızca kemik iliği çıkartılması tercih edilebilir.
- Meme biyopsi: Memede anormal bir oluşumun kanserli veya kansersiz olup olmadığının tespiti için uygulanır. Birkaç teknikle bu işlem gerçekleştirilebilirken, memede biyopsi sonrası ağrı oluşabilir.
- Endometrial biyopsi: Endometrial biyopsi rahim içine yerleştirilen bir tüp kullanılarak endometriyal (uterus astarı) doku örneğinin elde edildiği bir prosedürdür. Doku örneği, kanser veya diğer anormal hücrelerin varlığının belirlenmesi için analiz edilir. Endometriyal veya endometrium biyopsi prosedürü aynı zamanda rahim biyopsi olarak bilinir.
- Böbrek biyopsi: Böbrekte iltihap, yetmezlik ya anormal oluşum olduğunda durumun tespiti için yapılmaktadır. Ayrıca böbrek naklinde, red belirtileri olup olmadığının gözlenmesinde kullanılabilir. Böbrek biyopsileri, ultrason rehberliğinde böbrek dokusundan iğne ile örnekleme alınarak yapılmaktadır.
- Karaciğer biyopsi: Karaciğer biyopsisi, cerrahi veya iğne ile karaciğer dokusunun örneklemesinin yapılmasıdır. Karaciğer biyopsileri çoğunlukla karaciğerde anormal oluşumlar (tümör gibi) varsa ya da siroz gibi sağlık koşullarının aşamalarını izlemek için uygulanır.
- Lenf düğümü biyopsi: Lenf düğümü biyopsisi, bir lenf düğümünün tamamının veya bir kısmının çıkarılmasıdır. İnsizyonel (kesi) biyopsi sırasında bir lenf düğümünün yalnızca bir kısmı çıkarılırken, bazı durumlarda lenf düğümünün tamamı da çıkarılması gerekebilir.
- Deri biyopsi: Deri biyopsileri, melanom olup olmadığını belirlemek için mikroskop altında incelenmek üzere bir deri örneğinin çıkarılmasını içerir. Genellikle bu biyopsi türü lokal anestezi altında yapılır.
- Prostat biyopsi: Prostat biyopsisi, iğne ile prostat dokusundan örnekleme alınması işlemidir. Günümüzde birçok teknolojik tanı tekniği gelişse de prostat kanseri teşhisinde hala biyopsi yapılmaktadır.
- Tiroid biyopsi: Tiroid bezindeki nodülün nedenini bulmak için yapılan işlemdir. Bu tür biyopsi tipik olarak ultrason rehberliğinde bir iğne kullanılarak gerçekleştirilir.
- Kardiyak biyopsi: Kalp biyopsisi şu anda kalp naklinden sonra reddini teşhis etmenin tek güvenilir yoludur. Ameliyattan sonra düzenli aralıklarla, ara sıra ret şüphesinin olduğu zamanlarda ve anti-ret tedavisinin yeterliliğini değerlendirmek için yapılır.
- Akciğer biyopsi: Akciğerde görüntüleme teknikleri ile anormallik saptandığında tam teşhis için akciğer biyopsi yapılmaktadır. Biyopsi yapılacak bölgeye ulaşmak için hastanın ağzından bronkoskop adı verilen bir aletle hava yolu içerisinden akciğere ulaşılır ve doku örneklemesi alınır.
- Kas biyopsi: Kas kusurları, enfeksiyonları, bağ doku sorunları ve kan damarı rahatsızlıkları teşhisinde uygulanmaktadır. Bu tür biyopsi, cerrahi ya da iğne ile farklı şekillerde uygulanabilmektedir.
- Sinir biyopsi: Küçük sinir hasarını, sinir dejenerasyonunu, yıkımını ve iltihaplı sinir gibi farklı sinir koşullarının tespiti için uygulanmaktadır. Ve genellikle cerrahi olarak yapılan bir biyopsi türüdür.
- Mide biyopsi: Tanısal endoskopide mide mukozasından biyopsi örneklemesi, başka yollarla elde edilemeyen bilgiler sağlar. Antrum biyopsi de denilen mide biyopsisi yapılması için en yaygın neden, hastanın Helicobacter pylori ile enfekte olup olmadığını ve midenin gastritik olup olmadığının bilinmesi amacıyla yapılmasıdır.
- Kolposkopik biyopsi: Kolposkopi rahim ağzını, vajinayı ve vulvayı hastalık belirtileri açısından yakından incelemeye yönelik yapılan bir araçtır. Bu araç eşliğinde yapılan biyopsi türüne servikal biyopsi veya serviks biyopsi de denmektedir.
- Guatr biyopsi: Boğazın içindeki guatr bölgesindeki dokudan örnekleme yapılmasıdır. Bu işlemde guatrın içindeki sıvı veya dokudan bir örnek iğne yoluyla alınır. Bu boğazdan biyopsi işlemi sırasında alınan sıvı analiz ettirilir.
- Testis biyopsisi: Erkek kısırlığının altında yatan nedenleri belirlemek için yapılır. Testislerdeki bir yumrunun kanserli ya da kansersiz olduğunu tespit etmek için uygulanmaktadır.
Bunlar yanında mesane, boyun, paratiroid bezleri vb. Dahil hemen hemen her organda biyopsi yapılabilmektedir.
Her ne kadar pratik ve risksiz bir işlem olarak değerlendirilse de biyopsi olma düşüncesi kişilerde endişe ve kaygı verici bir durum olabilir. Bu prosedür hakkında bilgi sahibi olunması bu duygu durum bozukluğunun giderilmesinde yardımcı olur.
İşlem Öncesinde
Çoğu iğne biyopsisi genellikle ayakta tedavi prosedürü ile yapılırken minimum düzeyde hazırlık yapılması gerekir. Doku alınacak organa ve koşullara göre belirlenecek teknikle, yapılan biyopsi işlemi için gereken hazırlıklar şu şekildedir;
- İşlem öncesi 6 saat bir şey yenilip içilmemelidir.
- Kan sulandırıcı gibi ilaçların alımı kesilmeli, bunun yanında insülin alınmasını gerektiren bir sağlık koşulu varsa insüline ara verilmelidir.
- Bitkisel takviye ve vitamin alımı varsa kesilmelidir.
- Kişinin kanama bozukluğu veya anestezik maddelere karşı alerjik reaksiyon öyküsü varsa belirlenmelidir.
- Kadınlarda hamilelik veya hamile olma ihtimali varsa belirtilmelidir.
- Görüntüleme cihazlarından etkilenebilecek kalp pili ve implantların varsa çıkarılması,
- Kan ve idrar gibi testlerinin yapılması,
- Kişilerin ateş, kalp atım sayısı, solunum sayısı ve tansiyon gibi yaşamsal değerlerin kontrolü,
- Biyopsi tekniğinin durumuna göre (BT), floroskopi, ultrason veya MRI görüntüleme testlerinin yapılması,
- Tüm bu kontroller sağlandıktan sonra lokal anestezi yapılması.
İşlem Sırasında
Biyopsi tekniğine göre değişebilecek genel işlem basamakları şu şekildedir;
- Biyopsi türüne göre değişiklikler olsa da hasta, genelde ameliyat koltuğuna, doku alınacak bölge üstte kalacak şekilde yatırılır.
- Biyopsi şayet içerideki bir organa yönelik ciltten girilerek yapılacaksa, işlem yapılacak yerin cilt yüzeyi dezenfektanla temizlenir.
- İşlem anında ağrı ve sızıyı önlemek için antiseptik krem ya da ilaç uygulanır.
- İğnenin gireceği yere mini bir kesi yapılır.
- İşlemin türüne göre ultrason gibi görüntüleme eşliğinde biyopsi iğnesinin hangi açıdan gireceği belirlenerek biyopsi iğnesi doku alınacak bölgeye batırılır.
- Dokunun alımından sonra iğne çıkarılır ve alana bandaj yerleştirilir.
İşlemin türüne göre 15-30 dakika arası sürecek biyopsi işleminden sonra hasta genelde taburcu edilir. Ancak bazı biyopsi türlerinde biyopsi süresi 1 saate kadar uzayabilirken, hastanın daha uzun süre izlenmesi veya hastanede yatması gerekebilir.
Biyopsi sonrası yan etkiler oldukça nadirdir, ancak her tıbbi işlemde olduğu gibi bazı yan etkiler görülebilir. Biyopsi sonrası yan etkiler şu şekilde sıralanabilir;
- Anestezi maddesine ters reaksiyon
- Ateş
- Kesi yerinde acı ve ağrı
- Kesi alanında morarma
- Kanama
Günümüz tıp teknolojileri sayesinde biyopsi anında risk ve komplikasyon yaşanma oranı oldukça düşüktür. Ancak biyopsi de her tıbbi prosedür gibi kendine has riskler içerebilir. Bu riskler ve biyopsinin zararları şu şekilde sıralanabilir;
- Biyopsi yerinde kanama
- Enfeksiyon
- Kanama
- Yanlış teşhis
- Ek tetkik yapılma ihtiyacı
- Kızarıklık ve akıntı
- İşlem yapılan alanda doku hasarı
- Çok nadir de olsa ölüm riski
Yapılan biyopsi türüne göre işlem sonrası iyileşme prosedürü değişebilir. İnvaviz olmayan (cerrahisiz) veya az cerrahi gerektiren biyopsi sonrası kesi yerine bandaj takılarak, hasta rutin hayatına dönebilir. Bunun yanında daha invaziv prosedürler daha uzun bir iyileşme süresi gerektirebilir. Biyopsi sonrası dikkat edilmesi gerekenler şu şekilde sıralanabilir;
- Tru cut biyopsi yaptıranlar kişilerin işlem sonrası izleme süresi birkaç saat gibi daha uzun sürebilir.
- Cerrahi biyopsi yapılan alana konulan bandaj genelde bir iki gün sonra çıkartılır.
- Biyopsi yapılan alanda bir iki gün ağrı ve acı hissedilebilirken, bu ağrılar genelde zamanla azalır ve geçicidir. Ancak ağrı ve acı azalmıyorsa, aksine gittikçe şiddetleniyorsa müdahale edilmesi gerekebilir.
- İşlem sonrası birkaç gün sonra duş alınabilirken duş suyu ılık olmalıdır.
- Memeden biyopsi yaptıranlar da kesi alanının mikrop kapmaması için yüzme havuzu, sauna, hamam gibi alanları birkaç gün kullanmaktan kaçınılmalıdır.
- Birkaç gün ağır egzersiz ve aktivitelerden kaçınılmalıdır. Bu süre biyopsi tekniğine göre daha uzun olabilir.
Biyopsi sonucu durum
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È anche un promemoria che, per quanto la scienza può vedere, la tendenza inesorabile dell'attuale consumo di combustibili fossili è verso un maggiore riscaldamento e una maggiore interruzione. - Climate News Network
L'autore
Alex Kirby è un giornalista inglese specializzato in questioni ambientali. Ha lavorato a vario titolo al British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) per quasi anni 20 e ha lasciato la BBC nel 1998 a lavorare come giornalista freelance. Egli fornisce anche competenze multimediali formazione per aziende, università e organizzazioni non governative. Egli è anche attualmente il corrispondente ambientale per BBC News Online, E ha ospitato BBC Radio 4'Serie ambiente s, Costing the Earth. Scrive anche per Il guardiano ed Climate News Network. Scrive anche una colonna regolare per BBC Wildlife magazine.Polemarchus asks Socrates to explain what he meant when he said that wives and children, like the possessions of friends, should be held in common. Glaucon and Thrasymachus support Polemarchus. Socrates concludes that both sexes possess the qualities required to rule. There will be female guardians as well as male, with the same education and duties, including the defense of the city.
Socrates' instructions about women and education do not mean that he thinks women and men are equal. Socrates says that women are inferior in every respect.
Traditional marriages and families encourage emotional ties between individuals. For guardians, the traditional family will be abolished. Guardians of both sexes will live and train together. To avoid immorality men and women will be secretly matched at marriage festivals, by means of a rigged lottery. The matches are designed to produce the best children. The "best" men and women have more opportunities to mate than those who are inferior.
When Plato refers to "guardians" in terms of marriage and family, he is also referring to the warriors, who are educated with guardians for the first part of their lives. He wants to ensure loyalty to the city, rather than loyalty to a family.
The goal is to maintain the population, so that it neither increases nor decreases. Guardian marriages will be purely for procreation, and children will not know who their parents are. Guardian children will call all other children brothers and sisters, and all adults father and mother. At birth, children are given to nurses, and inferior children exposed to the elements to die. The guardians determine who may have children, and who they may have them with, and when, based on age rules to avoid incest.
In crude terms, Socrates is engaging in eugenics. The exposure of unwanted children to the elements had a long history in ancient Greece. Again, the producers are not included in these restrictions, because they have neither political power, like guardians, or military power, like warriors.
When all of the city is "family," and goods are owned equally, there is no discord. When the city's guardians war against outsiders, both men and women fight. Older children will watch from a safe place. Wars will be conducted as civilly as possible against fellow Greeks.
Although Socrates desires warfare against other Greeks to be civil in the sense of as non-violent and "friendly" as possible, he makes no restrictions about warfare with non-Greeks, all of whom were seen as barbarians.
Glaucon asks if this ideal city is even possible? Socrates' answer is yes, but only if "either philosophers become kings in our states or those whom we now call our kings and rulers take to the pursuit of philosophy seriously" (437c-d). Glaucon asks Socrates to explain what he means by a philosopher. Socrates says a philosopher loves truth, not just the appearance of truth, or the appearance of beauty.
The concept of the philosopher-king dominates the remainder of the Republic. Socrates is careful to distinguish true philosophers from those philosophers that are familiar to his audience, whom he describes as aesthetes, mere lovers of physical beauty, rather than philosophers.
All of existence is divided into three classes. What is completely, what is in no way, and what both is and is not. What is completely, can be completely known. What both is and is not is opinion or conjecture; everything else is ignorance. True philosophers seek the real, unchanging knowledge of truth in the Forms, the ideal abstracts ideas of Truth, Beauty and Justice, and other concepts, which we experience only in pale copies of the ideal Form. The philosopher alone has knowledge of the Idea of Absolute Beauty, or the Idea of Absolute Truth, that is, the Forms.
Forms are a key concept in Plato. The idea is that beyond the individual instances of beauty or the individual instances of sweet, is an ideal abstract form of the perfect beauty, the Idea of Beauty, and the perfectly sweet, the Idea of Sweet. Only philosophers understand the Forms. Others either exist in ignorance, or are dealing with physical subjective data, leading to opinion and conjecture, not knowledge.Margaret A Rivera
In the world we live in today there are many things which may affect pregnancy and the development of the growing fetus within the mother’s womb. Teratogens are drugs, chemicals, or infections that may cause abnormal fetal growth (Lingen, 2006). Some believe that teratogens can affect the fetus as early as 10 to 14 days because the umbilical link is established within that time frame (Teratgons Overview). Even before a woman knows she is pregnant, she may unknowingly expose her growing child to harmful teratogens. Approximately 3% of all newborns have a congenital anomaly which requires medical attention (Nigam, 2009). 40% of hospitalized children are due to malformations of which 10% are due to teratogen agents (Nigam, 2009). There are a great many types of teratogen agents. These agents can be broken down into different classifications or types of exposure. These would include drugs, maternal conditions, intrauterine infections (or just infections), heavy metals, radiation, procedures during pregnancy, and other (Holmes, 2011). In the article, “Human teratogens: Update 2011,” it lists cigarette smoking and excessive alcohol intake under maternal conditions (Holmes, 2001). Although this may be true, it would seem that these would also fit under the category of drugs. In our schools today we teach children that both of these are drugs. Epilepsy and diabetes are two other maternal conditions which can affect the fetus. Even though the medications for both of them may affect the fetus, doctors do not recommend stopping the needed medications. Alcoholism and pregnancy is widely discussed in many articles. Its effect on the fetus have been greatly researched and written about many times. Some organ systems, such as the central nervous system which includes the brain and spine, are susceptible to teratogens throughout the pregnancy (Teratogens Overview)....Medaglia in bronzo con il ritratto di Giovanni Grimani, preparata nel 1593 per la fondazione della fortezza di Palmanova, che il patriarca non riuscì a vedere (Udine, Civici musei).
Nacque a Venezia l’8 luglio 1506 da Girolamo ed Elena Priuli. Splendidi natali, gran ricchezze, gran nomi: compiva quindici anni il G., quando il nonno Antonio diventava doge, sancendo l’ascesa politica della famiglia, già decorata dal cappello cardinalizio dello zio Domenico. Fu proprio costui ad avviarlo alla carriera ecclesiastica, nominandolo sin dal 1520 amministratore della diocesi cenedese, di cui sarebbe divenuto vescovo titolare vent’anni più tardi, dopo aver gestito la commenda dell’abbazia di S. Maria di Sesto al Reghena, nell’ambito di un complesso avvicendamento di benefici ecclesiastici dei quali la famiglia era in grado di disporre alla stregua di beni personali. Questa spregiudicata strategia portò quindi il G. a divenire patriarca di Aquileia (28 settembre 1546), subentrando allo scomparso suo fratello, il cardinale Marino. Del tutto naturale, a questo punto, che il G. aspirasse al cappello cardinalizio; senonché si erano manifestati nei suoi confronti taluni sospetti di eresia, a causa delle relazioni intrattenute con personaggi come Bernardino Ochino, Pietro Carnesecchi e Pier Paolo Vergerio; a rafforzare i dubbi sull’ortodossia del prelato stavano poi certe sue espressioni attestanti la superiorità dell’assemblea dei vescovi sul papa. Si era giusto all’inizio dei lavori del concilio di Trento, e questo rendeva ancor più gravi le accuse, ma nel 1552 il G. seppe giustificarsi di fronte al tribunale dell’Inquisizione, rimuovendo ogni ombra. ... leggi Poteva così rinfocolare le sue aspirazioni, ma proprio quando riteneva di essere prossimo al conseguimento dell’agognato cappello, papa Giulio III si oppose. Il G. tornò alla carica qualche anno dopo, nel 1561, ma senza miglior esito, ché il nuovo pontefice, Pio IV, esibì ulteriori documenti che ne attestavano una posizione sostanzialmente ambigua nei riguardi di talune proposizioni ereticali. Forte dell’appoggio del suo governo, il G. riuscì allora ad ottenere la convocazione a Trento di una commissione di prelati i quali, nel settembre 1563, lo assolsero nuovamente da ogni accusa. Senonché il suo calvario non ebbe, né avrebbe avuto mai termine, dal momento che neppure i successivi pontefici si sarebbero risolti a compiere il passo decisivo. Definitivamente “bruciata” la sua candidatura, al G. non rimase che ripiegare sul conforto dell’arte, alla decorazione del palazzo di famiglia a Santa Maria Formosa, dove allestì una eccezionale raccolta di statue e reperti archeologici che nel 1587 donò alla Repubblica. Debole e saltuario, frammezzo a tante angustie, il suo impegno nella cura del patriarcato aquileiese, sostanzialmente riconducibile alla difesa giurisdizionale del piccolo feudo di Taiedo. Morì a Venezia, in età avanzata, il 3 ottobre 1593.Chiudiⓘ Carlo II dInghilterra
Carlo II Stuart è stato re dInghilterra, Scozia, Irlanda e Francia dal 30 gennaio 1649 o dal 29 maggio 1660, al 6 febbraio 1685.
Secondo i realisti, Carlo divenne re il 30 gennaio del 1649 quando suo padre, Carlo I Stuart, fu decapitato dinanzi alla residenza reale, il palazzo di Whitehall. Tuttavia il parlamento si rifiutò di proclamare Carlo re, e in Inghilterra ebbe inizio il periodo repubblicano, sotto il protettorato di Oliver Cromwell, che divenne lord protettore del Commonwealth britannico. Al contrario, il parlamento di Scozia nominò Carlo re di Scozia il 5 febbraio 1649 nella città di Edimburgo. Fu incoronato re di Scozia presso Scone il 1º gennaio 1651. Dopo la battaglia di Worcester del 3 settembre 1651 fu costretto a lasciare lInghilterra e si rifugiò per i nove anni che seguirono tra Francia, Repubblica delle Province Unite e Paesi Bassi del Sud.
Quando nel 1659 il protettorato retto da Richard Cromwell, figlio di Oliver, cadde, il generale George Monck invitò formalmente Carlo a tornare in patria dove avrebbe governato da re. Il 25 maggio del 1660 Carlo sbarcò sul suolo inglese e il 29, giorno del suo trentesimo compleanno, entrò trionfalmente a Londra. Il 23 aprile 1661 venne incoronato re dInghilterra, Scozia e Irlanda nellabbazia di Westminster, come tradizione. Nel 1679 Carlo decise di abolire il parlamento e governò da sovrano assoluto fino al giorno della sua morte, avvenuta il 6 febbraio del 1685.
Carlo II fu noto anche con il nome Merrie Monarch monarca allegro, a sottolineare il clima di edonismo della sua corte e il sollievo generale procurato dal ritorno a una situazione di normalità dopo lesperienza repubblicana con i Cromwell e i puritani. La moglie di Carlo, Caterina di Braganza, era sterile, tuttavia il sovrano ebbe dodici figli illegittimi con varie amanti.
1.1. Biografia Primi anni
Carlo Stuart, il maggiore dei figli sopravvissuti di Carlo I dInghilterra e di Enrichetta Maria di Francia, nacque presso St. Jamess Palace, la residenza londinese dei sovrani dInghilterra, il 29 maggio 1630. Fu battezzato il 27 giugno nella cappella Reale dal vescovo anglicano di Londra, William Laud e furono scelti come suoi padrini la contessa protestante di Dorset e i suoi parenti materni cattolici, Luigi XIII e Maria de Medici. Alla nascita ottenne automaticamente i titoli di duca di Cornovaglia e duca di Rothesay. Alletà di otto anni circa gli venne conferito il titolo di principe di Galles ed erede al trono, ma non poté godere mai dei privilegi riservati a tale posizione.
1.2. Biografia Carlo I e lascesa di Cromwell
Durante gli anni quaranta del Seicento, quando Carlo era ancora molto giovane, il padre si scontrò militarmente con le forze del parlamento e dei puritani nella Rivoluzione inglese: il giovane principe fu a fianco del padre durante la battaglia di Edgehill e, quattordicenne, prese parte, con il titolo di comandante delle forze inglesi dellovest, alle campagne del 1645. Nella primavera del 1646 divenne chiaro che Carlo I avrebbe perso la guerra così, temendo per lincolumità del figlio, ed erede al trono, Carlo I ordinò il trasferimento del principe di Galles, per motivi di sicurezza, dapprima nelle isole Scilly, poi a Jersey e infine in Francia, dove risiedeva già la madre, presso la corte del cugino Luigi XIV, che divenne re di Francia alla morte del padre Luigi XIII, avvenuta nel 1643 e che governava sotto lattenta guida della madre Anna dAustria e del primo ministro, il cardinale Mazzarino.
Nel 1648 Carlo si rifugiò presso LAia, dove risiedeva la sorella Maria Enrichetta con il marito, Guglielmo II, principe di Orange e statolder di Olanda. Dalla città portuale olandese sarebbe dovuta partire una flotta di aiuto allesercito del re dInghilterra che però non arrivò in tempo in Scozia. Intanto il duca James Hamilton, comandante in capo delle forze realiste, era stato irrimediabilmente sconfitto durante la battaglia di Preston. AllAia Carlo ebbe modo di intrattenere una breve relazione sentimentale con Lucy Walter, la quale in seguito affermò, mentendo, di essersi sposata segretamente con il principe. Il loro figlio, James Crofts, nominato poi duca di Monmouth e di Buccleuch, fu il figlio illegittimo di Carlo che ebbe maggiore influenza nella vita politica inglese.
1.3. Biografia Lesecuzione di Carlo I e la formazione del Commonwealth
Carlo I venne catturato nel 1647 e riuscì velocemente a liberarsi, ma venne ricatturato nel 1648. Nonostante gli sforzi diplomatici del figlio, il re venne dichiarato traditore, condannato a morte e giustiziato il 30 gennaio 1649: lInghilterra diveniva una repubblica. Nonostante lespresso ordine di Oliver Cromwell, la testa del re venne fatta ricucire al corpo e il 6 febbraio si tenne la cerimonia funebre. Immediatamente dopo lesecuzione di Carlo I, il parlamento scozzese conferì a Carlo II il titolo di re di Scozia il 5 febbraio 1649. Carlo, per divenire re, dovette accettare però delle condizioni, come quella di recarsi personalmente a Edimburgo, e quella di aderire alla lega per lufficializzazione della Chiesa presbiteriana, non riconosciuta da suo padre.
Il 3 settembre 1650 Oliver Cromwell ottenne la vittoria sugli scozzesi fedeli a Carlo II nella battaglia di Dunbar, pur avendo un esercito più esiguo di quello degli avversari. Stanco della situazione che andava creandosi, Carlo tentò di fuggire, ma venne scoperto e riportato in Scozia. Nella cittadina di Scone, il 1º gennaio 1651, fu incoronato solennemente re di Scozia.
Vista linsistente pressione delle truppe repubblicane sui confini scozzesi, il nuovo sovrano si decise ad approntare un grande esercito per invadere lInghilterra. Dopo essere stato proclamato anche re dInghilterra nella città di Carlisle e in molte altre località dellInghilterra settentrionale, Carlo raccolse attorno a sé allincirca diecimila uomini armati. Ma con il rifiuto posto da numerosi nobiluomini di partecipare alla campagna, incluso Archibald Campbell, marchese di Argyll, che lo aveva fatto incoronare qualche mese prima, Carlo non riuscì a organizzare con efficienza la campagna di invasione, che si risolse il 3 settembre 1651 con la sconfitta di Worcester. Per sei settimane il re fuggì, seguito dai suoi avversari, bramosi di catturarlo anche per lingente quantità di denaro offerta in cambio della sua testa. Il 16 ottobre riuscì a fuggire in Normandia mascherato. Si racconta che preparare una maschera per il sovrano non sia stata unimpresa facile, viste le sue insolite dimensioni era alto più di 185 cm.
Nel frattempo Cromwell fu nominato lord protettore e tutte le Isole britanniche caddero sotto il suo diretto controllo. Malgrado i legami di parentela di Carlo con i regnanti dOlanda e di Francia, questi Stati si videro costretti a unalleanza con lInghilterra repubblicana di Cromwell e Carlo, povero e isolato, dovette rivolgersi alla "cattolicissima" Spagna alla ricerca di aiuto. Tentò quindi, con laiuto del fratello Giacomo, di riorganizzare lesercito, ma il suo intento fallì, vista la mancanza di fondi.
1.4. Biografia Restaurazione
Anche dopo la morte di Cromwell, avvenuta nel 1658, le opportunità per Carlo di riconquistare la corona rimasero scarse. Infatti ora al potere sedeva Richard Cromwell, figlio di Oliver, nuovo lord protettore. Tuttavia Richard non possedeva né lambizione né la crudeltà necessarie per tenere insieme il governo. Nonostante i maggiori paesi dEuropa avessero riconosciuto la sovranità di Richard, persa la fiducia del parlamento e dellesercito rinnovato qualche anno prima, il figlio di Cromwell cad
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videoya çekmeye gerek kalmadan izlemek için kablosuz radyo sinyallerini kullanan yeni bir sistem geliştirdi. Bilgisayar Bilimi ve Yapay Zekâ Laboratuvarı'ndan (CSAIL) araştırmacıları, bu sistemin özellikle bakıcıların gizliliklerini korurken onların takip edilmesi konusunda fayda sağlayacağını öne sürüyor.
Günlük yaşam ritüellerinin raporunu çıkarıyor.
RF-Diary olarak isimlendirilen sistem, bir kişinin faaliyetlerini ve nesnelerle etkileşimlerinin metin açıklamalarını oluşturabiliyor. Böylece sevdiklerinin günlük yaşamı hakkında evden uzakta yaşayanların güncel bilgiler sağlayabilir ve bu da ebeveynlerin gönül rahatlığıyla işlerine devam etmesini sağlayabilir.
CSAIL ekibi, sistemi hastanelerde test ediyor. Parkinson, demans ve COVID-19 dahil olmak üzere insanları izlemek için yardım ediyor. Araştırmacılar, derin makine öğrenimi kullanan bu sistemi uyuma; okuma, yemek pişirme ve televizyon izleme gibi aktiviteleri tanımlaması nedeniyle tercih ediyor. Araştırmacılara göre RF günlüğü, yapılan testlerde sonuçları %90 oranında doğru gösteriyor.
Evin farklı bölümlerinde hangi eylemleri üstlendiklerini ve bunu yapmak için hangi nesneleri kullandıklarını belirlemek için bir öznenin yaşam alanının haritasını kullanıyor. Araştırmacılar bu sistemi ticari olarak satmak amacıyla evler ve hastaneler için en uygun hale getirmeyi planlıyor.روش های مختلفی برای دانلود از گوگل پلی وجود دارد که یکی از راحت ترین و سریع ترین روش ها، استفاده از یک وبسایت است که ما در این آموزش به شما معرفی می کنیم. با استفاده از این وبسایت خیلی راحت می توانید هر اپلیکیشنی را که می خواهید با لینک مستقیم و فرمت ای پی کی (APK) در گوشی یا کامپیوتر خود دانلود کنید. ویدیو موجود در این صفحه را مشاهده کنید و یا مراحل زیر را دنبال کنید.
مراحل دانلود از گوگل پلی
- وارد وبسایت گوگل پلی (play.google.com) شوید.
- اپلیکیشن مورد نظر خود را جستجو کنید.
- روی اپلیکیشن کلیک راست کنید و Copy Link Address یا Copy URL را بزنید (اگر وارد صفحه اپلیکیشن شدید، لینک را از نوار آدرس مرورگر خود کپی کنید).
- حال وارد این وبسایت شوید : apps.evozi.com/apk-downloader
- لینک اپلیکیشنی که از سایت گوگل پلی کپی کرده بودید را داخل این سایت در فیلد Package name or Google Play URL قرار دهید (Paste کنید).
- دکمه “Generate Download Link” را بزنید.
- کمی صبر کنید تا اطلاعات نسخه، حجم و سازنده اپلیکیشن برای شما نمایش داده شود. وقتی دکمه سبز رنگ “Click here to download …” نمایان شد، روی آن کلیک کنید تا فایل APK اپلیکیشن خود را با لینک مستقیم دانلود کنید.
نکته
- این روش برای دریافت اپلیکیشن های رایگان مناسب است. اگر لینک اپلیکیشن فروشی را وارد نمایید، لینک دانلود برای شما نمایش داده نمی شود یا اینکه نسخه رایگان آن اپلیکیشن برای شما دانلود می شود.
- ممکن است آدرس وبسایت در آینده تغییر کند. در چنین شرایطی می توانید عبارت “APK Downloader” را در گوگل جستجو کنید تا به این وبسایت و وبسایت های مشابه یا روش های دیگر دانلود APK دسترسی داشته باشید.
شما هم می توانید روش خود برای دانلود APK از گوگل پلی را با ما و سایر کاربران از طریق بخش دیدگاه های همین صفحه در میان بگذارید.軍艦,我不是第一次看到,但是今天是我第一次登艦.
即便是一艘除役的軍艦,我依舊是帶著很興奮的心情前來登艦.
2005年4月除役。2011年開幕，是台灣第一座軍艦博物館，位於台南市安平區。
此級就役時已經是1945年中，因此沒能來得及參加主要戰役，但是因為艦體較大，擴充性比以前的船好，因此服役期比較長，一直到1970年代才陸續退役。
墨西哥海軍有一艘內薩瓦爾科約特爾號服役至2014年。
本級有多艘保存為紀念艦，包括在台灣台南安平的德陽艦(原DD-837 薩斯菲號)。
後來這個加長產生了意料之外的好處，因為空間比較大，後來進行 FRAM 修改時比桑拿級順利很多。
此級完成時，武裝和艾倫.M.桑拿級是一樣的，具有3座雙聯裝5吋砲砲塔，前二後一。船中央煙囪間以及後側裝有兩座五聯裝魚雷發射管。
就役後因為海上艦艇間戰鬥的可能性大減，因此後魚雷管就紛紛拆除改裝40mm防空機砲，其中26艘完成時乾脆就不裝魚雷管了，改加裝警戒雷達，在1948年歸類為 DDR (雷達警戒驅逐艦)
1946-1959 年間，防空和反潛武裝獲得了升級。40mm以及20mm機砲改成3吋50倍徑砲，並廢除深水炸彈投射軌，改裝刺蝟砲。
1950-1960年代，有78艘進行了艦隊復原及現代化改裝(FRAM I)，改裝為反潛用。這次改裝重構了上部結構，並更換了電戰系統，雷達，聲納和武器系統。
另外有16艘進行了 FRAM II 改造，這部份改造較小，保存了主砲，也沒有ASROC.
以上資料摘錄自維基百科
回來寫文章時,才發現原來億載金城就在旁邊,而我卻完全沒有注意到.
目前德陽艦停放在安平港內,停靠的碼頭打造成為一個觀光園區.
德陽艦位於安平區安億路億載金城後方之安平港邊，該艦原為美軍 Gearing（基靈級）驅逐艦，於1945年7月31日在美波士頓海軍造船廠正式命名服役，編號DD-837 （DD：驅逐艦 Destroyer之代號），曾參與韓戰與越戰，在越戰展現優良戰蹟，獲得戰星獎章 （Battle Star)。
民國66年10月1日（於美服役32年後）在美佛羅里達州梅堡海軍基地移交我國，命名「德陽」（德披天下、陽照寰宇），編號DD-925，執行海峽偵巡、外島運補護航、護漁，及各項演訓等任務。
民國94年4月1日在臺除役（停泊於高雄港軍區內），服役28年，歷任19位艦長。民國98年1月22日，正式停泊於安平港口成為全國首座除役軍艦 再利用的景點。
民國100年4月30日正式對外開放參觀，民國103年8月委託晴天行銷有限公司經營管理，讓前來參觀之遊客近距離體驗軍艦雄威 並有結合觀光、國防教育與認識海洋的三重意義。
營運策略：
以全國唯一除役軍艦為景點，讓民眾登艦體驗巍峨捍衛疆域的戰艦，昔日叱吒的風華，今日依舊靜靜的停靠安平港區， 宛如默默的守護這片摯
愛的故鄉。
艦上保留當年台海主要戰力的武器系統，開放式的駕駛艙，一窺軍艦海上航行的專業儀器。 完整保留的艦長室，是海上堡壘中樞人物的起居室，簡潔的配置呼應了軍人的豪爽。
直升機甲板、停機庫的開放，讓喜愛自拍的民眾可以無止境的『阿帕契』！
（部分艙間，因作業所需及安全因素考量，暫不開放）
正緊密計畫的文創園區，將結合德陽艦建造一個富教育及歷史性的地標。
以上資料摘錄自台南市政府文化局官網
登艦!!
其實國防部長期都有營區開放的活動,除了大家比較熟悉的空軍基地外,也是有海軍基地開放日.
只是我一直都沒有時間前往,錯過很多機會登上現役的軍艦參觀.
如果各位人客若有興趣,可以多留意一下國防部的網站.
德陽艦並不是全面開放,有些部份是不對外開放的.
所以各位人客在參觀時,要注意參觀動線的指示.
五吋38倍單管砲.
艦首和艦尾各有一座.
MK32型魚雷發射座.
雄風一型反潛飛彈發射座.
CR-201干擾火箭發射座.
艦橋.
當我踏進艦橋時,我只是覺得怎麼會這麼的.......空曠.
可能是把設備都拆走了,也有可能原本就是如此.
畢竟這是二戰時期的軍艦,和近年現代化的軍艦,應該是差距蠻大的.
我想應該還有戰情室,不然怎麼操作雷達和武器系統.
艦長座椅.
艦橋內,左右各有一張座椅,右邊是艦長,那左邊是????
國際手旗信號.
信號旗.
這八顆藍色的星星,應該是代表德陽艦在服役期間,演訊時的火砲射擊有中靶.
ASROC反潛火箭發射座.
看到大大的H,就可以知道德陽艦有配備直升機.
由機庫看起來,也許是MD-500.
整艘德陽艦雖然舊了點,不過還是有專人在維護這艘軍艦.
也正因為有專人在照顧,所以整艘德陽艦保養得不錯.
並不會像某些軍種在外面展示的軍品,日子一久都破損得很嚴重.
如果各位人客對軍艦有興趣,來到台南就千萬別錯過了.Over and over again, I have heard people say “Don’t eat after 8pm, its bad for your health” with no evidence to back up this supposed claim. Your body will not magically turn all calories into fat if you eat a piece of fruit, a cracker or even your dinner the second the clock strikes 8pm, but for those with type 2 diabetes, not eating a nighttime snack may actually be contributing to high blood sugars in the morning.
Medications for diabetes-especially insulin – work by helping glucose enter the cells and lowering blood sugar values. This medication is adjusted specifically for each individual in order to make sure that blood sugars don’t stay too high or drop too low. However, insulin may act in your body for an extended period of time, depending on the type. During the day, we are constantly providing our body with sources of carbohydrates either by eating three distinct meals every several hours or grazing throughout the day. For those who choose not to eat anything between dinner and breakfast the next morning, this provides a window of potentially twelve hours with no carbohydrates entering the bloodstream. As mentioned before, insulin often works over an extended period of time, and may still be helping lower your blood sugar at night when you are sleeping and will cause a low blood sugar at night. You might be wondering how this will lead to high blood sugars in the morning right about now.
Our bodies have a unique system of storing some extra glucose in our liver, and these stores are called glycogen. When we eat foods that are turned into glucose as they are digested, a limited amount of this glucose is stored in the liver for emergency purposes in case we need a boost of energy to run away from a bear that is about to eat us. For the average American, we typically don’t encounter bears on a day to day basis, and this extra storage is mainly just that – extra. This extra glucose storage is used for another purpose also. If blood sugars get too low at night, the body releases some of its stored glucose into the bloodstream. More often than not, more glucose than needed is released into the bloodstream, causing you to wake up with a high blood sugar value- hiding the low blood sugar that happened in the middle of the night.
Eating a snack before bedtime will shorten the window of time that your body is going without carbohydrates. For example, eating a snack with one carbohydrate choice (15g Carbohydrates) mixed with protein and fat will help glucose slowly be released during the night, and will help make sure blood sugars don’t drop at night when medications are working with no food entering your system.
If you find yourself having relatively stable blood sugars during the day, yet high blood sugars in the morning, try a nighttime snack to help maintain blood sugar regularity.
Here are some bedtime snack ideas:
- 1 small apple and tablespoon peanut butter
- 5 wheat thins and an ounce of cheese
- 4 oz cottage cheese and a small handful of nutsQ： 请问购买香港保险需要什么证件资料？
A：投保人（或包括受保人）除必须亲自到香港，在相应的保险公司客服签字认证外，还需要携带以下资料：
1，港澳通行证；（如果以护照入境，可以用护照，因为护照上也会有香港入境章）
2，身份证；
3，地址证明（选择，宏利公司的必须携带）。水，电，煤气，信用卡等账单，或者是银行寄给投保人信件都可以作为地址证明。 保险公司需要地址证明是为了确保从保 险公司直接发给投保人的信件可以准确的投递到投保人通讯地址。
4， 如果受保人是小孩子， 请携带孩子的出生纸， 以证明投保人和孩子的父母关系。如果受保人（孩子）在户口本上的身份是投保人之子（或女)也可以携带户口本。
5， 如果受保人是夫/妻， 请携带结婚证，或者户口本， 以证明投保人和受保人的夫妻关系。
请注意：内地第三方代理和销售香港保险都是非法的，更无法处理您的保单和理赔，切记！！如需咨询香港保险，请扫描页面二维码，正规持牌的香港保险从业人给您详细解答！！！There would be very few people who aren’t familiar with Snoopy, the newspaper writing Beagle owned by Charlie Brown. Beagles are also well known as drug detection dogs, or customs dogs at international airports. They have an excellent sense of smell, and they can be trained to detect even the smallest amounts of contraband.
These amiable little dogs are quite an old European breed, with records as far back as 2000 years ago describing Beagle-like dogs.
Our modern Beagle was developed in the 1830’s by Reverend Honeywell. He combined the best features of several existing hound breeds, including the Talbot Hound and the North Country Beagle, to create a small white dog that was an excellent hunter.
The Beagle was taken to the United States in the 1840’s but the original dogs were a bit of a mixed bag when it came to appearances. Their owners weren’t too concerned with how they looked, as long as they could hunt. The breed was recognized by the AKC in 1884, and the breed standard was developed in 1890 to specifically describe the dog we know today. Interestingly, the Beagle has often been more popular in North America than in their homeland of Great Britain.
A small compact breed with soft pleading eyes and floppy ears, the Beagle has a very endearing appearance. The most common coat color is the tricolor – white with patches of black and tan. However, Beagles are also available in a two tone variety. These dogs are predominantly white, with patches of black, brown, red or lemon. Their coat is short and hard.
The legs of the Beagle are short in proportion to their body. This is thought to make it easier for them to track scents along the ground. They grow to 16 inches in height at the shoulder and ideally, they should weigh up to 35lbs. This may vary, because their doe like eyes and love of food can make it hard for their owner to resist giving them just a few extra treats!
The Beagle is very even tempered and gentle, and they are often described as “amiable”. Because they don’t have an aggressive bone in their body, they are wonderful companions for children. In fact, they are known as the “eternal puppy”, because they never grow up and are always interested in a game.
They have been bred to be part of a hunting pack, so they can find it hard to be on their own. They may howl and develop separation anxiety when you’re not home. If you aren’t able to be with them as much as they’d like, you may want to consider having a second dog for company. Two dogs aren’t necessarily twice as much work as one dog, but the extra mouth to feed and the additional veterinary expenses have to fit in with your family budget.
These little dogs are very smart, but they aren’t held in high regard in obedience circles. They are determined, and when they have picked up a scent they are very difficult to call back. The scents on the ground distract them from what they are supposed to be doing, and many Beagle trainers despair of keeping their dog’s attention long enough to complete a training session.
Beagles will let you know when you have people approaching your home; their baying noise is very distinctive. However, because of their friendly, easy-going nature, they are not a good guard dog.
Beagles are generally a healthy dog and they have very few genetic health problems. They may develop glaucoma, which is an painful increase in pressure in the eye. They may also be prone to epilepsy, cherry eye and heart disease. However, these aren’t significant problems in the breed, and the breed in general is very sound.
One thing to keep in mind is that the Beagle’s floppy ears may not get much air circulation, which can predispose them to painful ear infections.
Make sure you keep an eye on your Beagle’s weight. These dogs love their food, and will eat anything that’s available to them. This means that they tend to put on weight easily. Obesity in dogs can lead to heart disease, diabetes and arthritis, so watch your dog’s waistline and adjust his dinner menu accordingly.
Beagles
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today which puts everyone at risk especially the young ones these days.
Teenagers usual concerns are sexual health information-seeking, sexual activity, and health risk behaviors, understanding sexual problems, prevention of unplanned pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections which they often consult to their friends and to any informal-unreliable sources which will misguide them giving inaccurate information. Therefore, it is very crucial to educate everyone especially the teenagers as early as possible so as to avoid or reduce teenage pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases.
In this regard, sexual health care team plays a big role in spreading awareness and as the primary support to a successful movement. However, it should start at home. Parents being the principal educators should be the first people to mention it to their children because it’s where ultimate learning with love, care, and patience sets in.
As they grow, their sense of responsibility will start to develop and see things clearly of what you have taught them and what you wanted them to understand. So by the time they are set to go to school, they will carry that knowledge with pride and dignity. Not only directing the issue to the new generation, but to each and every one as this is bind to human rights such as the right to equality, privacy, freedom and to be free from viciousness. In general, sexual relationships should make one feel respected and protected at all times. Furthermore, it brings a sense of commitment.Participants will explore the world of measurement, evaluation, and student performance as it aligns to instruction and curriculum. Participants will examine the role that validity, reliability, test bias, and item construction play in ensuring a good and meaningful assessment instrument and will become familiar with the concept of a formal testing program, which encompasses state and local mandated assessments. This course will look at the federal No Child Left Behind initiative and its impact on Maryland Public Schools. This course meets the Maryland State Department of Education Assessment of Students requirement for an initial certificate in Early Childhood Education, Elementary Education, and Secondary Education. This course also meets the MSDE Assessment, Diagnosis, and Prescriptive Techniques requirement for an initial certificate in Generic Special Education Infant/Primary, Generic Special Education Elementary/Middle, and Generic Special Education Secondary/Adult.
Instructor Taharee Jackson
Phone 443-518-1620 (You may leave a message with the Division of Social Sciences
Course Objectives |Major Course Topics | Course Format | Orientation |Course Requirements | Texts and Materials
1. Analyze the historical development of assessment and current accountability practices as it relates to today’s classroom.
2. Evaluate how Race to the Top will change the focus of educational measurement and assessment.
3. Analyze the guiding principles of No Child Left Behind (current ESEA mandate) and its alignment of assessment practices with current educational principles.
4. Design teaching techniques to prepare students for Common Core Standards and PARCC assessments.
5. Measure the importance of providing multi-formatted assessments that allow for the similarities and differences in human development
6. Illustrate the ability to produce valid and reliable assessments that measure curriculum and content being taught.
7. Construct high quality classroom assessments that prepare students for PARCC assessments and Common Core Standards.
8. Critically evaluate classroom assessments to ensure diversity and freedom from item bias.
7. Formulate effective approaches to instruction based on an understanding of the learning process.
9. Critically evaluate published tests to determine their benefit to the classroom and student populations by using Mental Measurement Yearbook.
11. Critically examine correlations to identify assessments that measure similar course content..
12. Construct a working understanding of the measures of central tendency as it relates to classroom instruction.
This course format includes but is not limited to the following:
This course does not have a face-to-face orientation. There is a required orientation that you will complete online.
Kubiszyn & Botich (2013) Educational Testing & Measurement, Classroom Application and Practice, 10th Edition, Wiley / Jossey- Bass Education (It is suggested that the student purchases 10th Editions, as earlier versions are missing newly added material and chapters)
To visit our bookstore's online sales site, please visit www.howardccbooks.com and follow the instructions for selecting textbooks.
Review the Technical Information link.
The following technical items and plug-ins are required for this course:
If you have questions about this class, send a message to
Taharee Jackson, [email protected]
© Howard Community College, 1998Pterygium is a degenerative disease, the progress of conjunctiva (white of eye), and concerns cornea as well (the transparent part of the eye). If this condition if left untreated can lead to impaired vision or worst, loss of vision. Pterygium surgery must be done on time, this is the only way to deal with this disease.
Pterygium is twice more common in men than in women. With age, the incidence increases in people over 40, but it seems that most cases occur between 20 and 40 years. There were no reported cases of pterygium in people aged up to 20 years. The events that patients claim are the appearance of a formation, unsightly, which grows over the transparent part of the eye, the inflammation or redness of the formation, itching, burning, foreign body sensation and, not least, blurred vision or decreased vision (in advanced cases). Pterygium can occur in one or both eyes.
The causes of the occurence of this condition seem to be the exposure to UV rays, namely people working in strong sunlight, welders, inhabitants of tropical and subtropical regions, exposure to high temperatures (blacksmiths, glazier), toxic environments with different vapor and chemicals, dust, extreme cold. etc. Last but not least, genetic predisposition may be an important factor of developing the disease.
There is no known method of prevention.
The recommendation is that when observing any changes in the appearance of the eye, the patient should go to a specialist. It is extremely important that pterygium surgery is performed as soon as possible, on time. The sooner the surgery is done, the best the visual result is.
Symptomatic treatment aims at improving the ocular discomfort caused by pterygium. We recommend treatment with artificial tears and local anti-inflammatory medicines.
The curative treatment is always surgical. Surgery is easy for the patient, is performed under local anesthesia, without hospitalization. For advanced cases, recurrent or which may become recurrent, there may be indicated an anti-VEGF and after the surgery therapy. The procedure takes less and does not hurt. After the surgery, local treatment is administered with antibiotics, anti-inflammatory, artificial tears. There are no special restrictions after surgery.
Tests, complications and recommendations
Complications (fortunatelly very rare):
- relapse is the most common complication
- red eye
- vicious scarring
- secondary astigmatism
- infection or inflammation
Recommendations after pterygium surgery:
- exposure to dust, wind, going to the pool, lake, ocean for 30 days is forbidden
- during the first 2 weeks after surgery it is recommended to get help when washing your head to avoid water entering the eye
- make up is forbidden for 3 weeks
- rubbing your eyes must be avoided for 30 days
- local trauma are forbidden in the first 4 weeks
Mandatory postoperative checks are: first day after surgery, 6-8 weeks, six months and then once a year. Attention, depending on the case, these dates may change!
The patient is informed during the preoperative consultation about complications, risks, outcomes.
For any questions or information contact one of our assistants.In this post I am going to touch on something a little bit different to what I usually write about; but this is something which my friend informed me about and something that I find particularly interesting.
I do not have any direct qualifications in regards to psychology or anything related, that said, I love to read about this and it’s nice to put something a little bit different on my blog that I care about.
ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) is a medical condition which is often misunderstood; people merely associate it the naughty kid in school who hasn’t been disciplined. ADHD does tend to show in younger years, usually around the age of 7 is when it is diagnosed, but this misunderstanding does not help the child learn how to cope and manage their ADHD.
ADHD is not just a learning difficulty it is a psychiatric disorder first which will then impair a person’s learning. If a person has a condition that inhibits mental functioning or causes significant mental impairment to the point that it interferes with basic executive functioning skills, the condition is classified as a psychiatric disorder. (http://www.c8sciences.com/is-adhd-a-learning-disability-or-mental-illness/)
Just as me suffering with depression may affect my ability to work – the same applies to ADHD.
How ADHD is recognised within children is they have many or all of the symptoms and show these symptoms consistently for a consecutive period of six months, more so than their peers. You can read more about what the specific symptoms are here (http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder/Pages/Symptoms.aspx )
What people do not realise about ADHD is that people with this disorder tend to generally have higher than average IQ’s; we as people tend to be able to determine which tasks are most important in daily life, we are able to have a sense of urgency towards one task at a time. Those with ADHD have difficulty prioritising as they have several things going on in their mind at once time and find it hard to complete a task without having a true sense of urgency – that said, they do actually want to complete the task – they are not lazy, which is what people tend to think.
Furthermore ADHD isn’t just ADHD there are three types:
- Primarily Inattentive
Often make careless mistakes as they have difficulty sustaining attention. They are forgetful, easily distracted by external stimuli and tend to misplace things.
- Primarily hyperactive-impulsive
Tend to be fidgety and struggle to stay seated; appear to be ‘driven by a motor’ talk or run around excessively – struggling with self-control.
Have six or more symptoms from both have 12 or more in total.
An interesting observation made by professional is type number 1 tends to be seen more in adults and girls; type number two in children and men.
What do most people picture when they hear ADHD? Probably a 9 year old boy, who fails to remain still, speaks loudly, interrupts everyone, doesn’t know how to raise his hand in class and loves to play dangerously. However in most instances, this is not actually the case.
They have an impulsive nature and character about them; many things are going on in their mind at once and they let it out. This has nothing to do with the lack of discipline from parents but something more complex that is going on within their brains.
However the child who is staring out the window watching a bird or the rain whilst not doing their work also has ADHD. This is inattentive ADHD and is less likely to be recognised by the people in this child’s life. This can cause big problems as it is never dealt with; especially with self-esteem.
As stated on (https://www.additudemag.com/secrets-of-the-adhd-brain/ ) ADHD is not a damaged nervous system, it is a nervous system that works well using its own rules; arguably it should not be considered a learning disability as by the time people with ADHD reach high school they are able to tackle problems that stump everyone else and can jump to solutions that no one else ever considered.
This is just a small dip into the complexity of ADHD as someone who is interested in the nature of the brain, the mind and mental illnesses and disorders I think it is important that we all learn to understand a little more of what affects people in their daily lives – whether or not it may affect us ourselves.
Changing ignorance, eradicating stigma and raising awareness for how things really are can only ever have positive effects on how we communicate with one another and how people who may have a diagnosis of some kind, feel about themselves.
We are as we are.
– Tazmin Pyeمقصر حادثه تصادف دانشآموزان کرمانشاه مشخص شد/ سال ساخت مینی بوس ۱۳۶۰ بوده
رویداد۲۴ جلسه بررسی و پیگیری علل حادثه تصادف مینیبوس حامل دانشآموزان در محور هلشی- ماهیدشت با حضور هوشنگ بازوند استاندار کرمانشاه، کمرهای معاون وزیر آموزش و پرورش، فخری معاون هماهنگی امور عمرانی استانداری، فرماندار کرمانشاه، بخشدار، دهیاران و مدیران و مسؤولین دستگاههای اجرایی ذیربط برگزار شد.
به گزارش فارس، سرهنگ کیخسرو دستغیب رئیس پلیس راه کرمانشاه در این جلسه، اظهار داشت: وسیله نقلیه مینیبوس بنز مورد حادثه؛ سال ساخت آن ۱۳۶۰ بوده است یعنی حدود ۴۱ سال از ساخت آن میگذرد که دارای بیمه نامه شخص ثالث؛ معاینه فنی و فاقد صورت وضعیت مسافری بوده است.
وی خاطرنشان کرد: کمپرسی بنز نیز مدل ساخت ۱۳۸۲ بوده است. راننده کمپرسی در اظهارات خود به پلیس اظهار داشته است که دقایقی را به خاطر رد شدن وسیله نقلیه دیگری که از فرعی به اصلی آمده بود در سطح جاده متوقف میشود که در همین دقایق مینیبوس حامل دانشآموزان با توجه به مه گرفتگی صبحگاهی به وسیله نقلیه کمپرسی برخورد میکند.
رئیس پلیس راه استان کرمانشاه تصریح کرد: متأسفانه مینیبوس حامل دانشآموزان قبل از برخورد به کمپرسی ۲۱ متر خط ترمز داشته است لذا با توجه به شواهد موجود در این تصادف؛ ۵۰ درصد راننده کمپرسی و ۵۰ درصد راننده مینیبوس مقصر حادثه شناخته شدند.
وی تصریح کرد: البته باید به این نکته اشاره کنیم که هنگام بررسی صحنه تصادف متوجه وجود یک پیک نیک برای گرم شدن فضای مینیبوس در داخل این وسیله نقلیه شدیم.İstanbul’da Deniz sezonu açılıyor
tedbirler yetersiz!
İstanbul İl Jandarma Komutanlığı, boğulma olaylarını akademik bir çalışmayla inceledi. Hazırlanan rapora göre, plajlar kontrolsüz. Risk büyük olmasına rağmen yerel tedbirler dışında önlem alınmıyor.
İstanbul İl Jandarma Komutanlığı, ‘Suda Boğulma Olayları’yla ilgili kapsamlı bir araştırma yaptı. Sonuçlara göre: En çok boğulma yaşanan İstanbul'da denize girilen 67 plaj ve sahil kıyısından 30'u kontrollü, 37'sinde ise hiçbir kontrol yok. Tedbir alınan 30 plajda ise emniyet şeridi vs dışında sadece 12'sinde cankurtaran var. Risk büyük olmasına rağmen yerel tedbirler dışında önlem alınmıyor.
5 yılda 297 kişi boğuldu
İstanbul'da son 5 yılda 320 kişi boğuldu. Boğulanların 255'si denizde, 40'sı göl-gölet, 20'si havuz ve 2'si akarsuda hayatını kaybetti. Boğulanların yüzde 84'ünü erkekler, yüzde 16'sını kadınlar oluşturuyor. İstanbul'daki 19 plajda hiç emniyet tedbiri yok. Tedbir alınan 30 plajdan ise 12'sinde cankurtaran var.
Karadeniz’de tehlike büyük!
Denize girilen kontrollü bölge sayısından daha fazla kontrolsüz bölge bulunuyor. İstanbul'un Karadeniz ve Marmara sahilleri Ege ve Akdeniz sahilleriyle kıyaslandığında morfolojik yapı ve dalga durumu nedeniyle mevsimsel deniz turizmine uygun değil. Karadeniz sahilinden deniz ötelenerek kaçak kum alınması nedeniyle deniz tabanı yapısı bozulmuş. Boğulma olaylarına karşı yerel tedbirler haricinde kapsamlı, sistemli ve sürdürülebilir tedbir alınmıyor.Saatlerce süren photoshop zamanını birkaç basit tıklamaya dönüştürmek için bu Ücretsiz Photoshop Eylemlerini indirin. Her türden fotoğrafçı için 300'den fazla Ücretsiz Photoshop Eylemi. Belirli bir etki elde etmek için Adobe Photoshop'ta aynı aşamaları tekrarlamayı bırakın - bunun yerine bu ücretsiz Photoshop eylemlerini kullanın. Bu Photoshop Eylemleri, Photoshop CS 4-6, Photoshop CC ile uyumludur. Beğendiğiniz Photoshop eylemini hemen şimdi indirin veya daha sonra kolay erişim için Photoshop için ücretsiz eylemlerin tüm sayfasını yer imlerine ekleyin. Sonuçta, bir sonraki adımda size neyin ilham vereceğini asla bilemezsiniz.
Photoshop eylemlerini kullanmak, görüntülerinizi hızlı ve verimli bir şekilde geliştirmenin harika bir yoludur. Her Photoshop eylemi, özellikle her fotoğrafçının yoğun olduğu dönemlerde gerçek bir zaman tasarrufu sağlar. Photoshop eylemlerini hiç kullanmadıysanız, Photoshop eylemlerini yüklemenin en kolay yolunu inceleyin. Eylemleri yüklemek ve kullanmak sadece birkaç basit adımda yapılabilir:
Dizüstü bilgisayarınızda hala Photoshop CC yoksa, Photoshop ücretsiz kullanmanın birkaç yasal yoluna bakın abone olmadan önce.« PreviousContinue »
MUSIC OF THE BIBLE,
BY JOHN STAINER, M.A., Mus. Doc., Organist of St. Paul's Cathedral.
Music entered so largely into the private and public services organised by him (1 Chr. 15. 16 & 25. 1), and con. life of the Hebrews that its cessation typified utter tinued in the Temple. Early Hebrew melodies are misery or desolation (e.g. Jer. 25. 10; Ezek. 26. 13). Vocal probably reflected in the modern Asiatic, i.e. slight and instrumental music, often with 'dancing', i.e. melodies overlaid with extraneous graces, and would measured rhythmical movements, accompanied their pow seem to be in a sort of minor mode. But simple social gatherings (Isa. 5. 12 & 24. 9; Amos 6. 5; Luke instruments, such as barps, trumpets, cymbals, &c. (see 15.25), and their processions-whether religious (2 Sam. below), when used in large numbers simultaneously 6. 5, &c.), triumphal (Ex. 15; Judg. 11. 34, &c.), bridal (2 Chr. 5. 18) or in alternating masses, are capable of (Jer. 7. 34), or funeral (Eccl. 12. 4, with Matt. 9. 23) grand musical results, even independently of the awful Singing men and
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wonders to restore her lover Jason's father, Aeson, to life.
5. Yet Medea's story has another aspect: Medea betrayed her own father to secure the golden fleece for Jason, and then sailed away with him to Greece. The parallel with Jessica's own story is clear, and Lorenzo alludes to it when he now speaks of Jessica herself as if she were a mythic figure stealing away from Shylock for her "unthrift love" — that is, for himself.
6. Lorenzo's comparison of Jessica to Medea is a romantic acknowledgment of what she has done for him. Yet, as Shakespeare's audience would have known, Jason was eventually unfaithful to Medea, and Jessica cleverly turns this aspect of the tale back onto Lorenzo, suggesting that his vows too will prove false.
7. The game, which began with Lorenzo hinting that Jessica might prove unfaithful, has now come full circle with her quite directly suggesting the same of him. To which he with equal directness retorts:
In such a night
Did pretty Jessica, like a little shrew,
Slander her love, and he forgave it her.
At which rather touching point the messenger from Portia arrives and interrupts the game.
Questions for Discussion, Writing, and Research:
1. The exchange between Lorenzo and Jessica suggests at once cleverness and genuine feeling. Consider how the invocation of these stories — all of which end badly — gives a new dimension to the play's treatment of love. How does the mood established in this exchange prepare the audience for the remainder of the finale? More specifically, how does it prepare for the resolution of the ring plot, when Portia and Nerissa forgive their husbands?
2. The "wit combat" is a device Shakespeare used for various purposes in a range of plays. (Perhaps the most famous in a comedy are the games of wit between Beatrice and Benedick in Much Ado about Nothing.) Consider the way Shakespeare uses the wit combat to define the interaction between the prince and Falstaff in 1 Henry IV, for example, at the start of 1.2. Consider the very different way he draws upon the form to define the interaction between Hamlet and Polonius in Hamlet, for example, in the "fishmonger scene" (2.2).
3. Many actors and critics have regarded The Merchant of Venice as essentially Shylock's play, and have seen the Belmont finale (5.1) as an awkward afterpiece to the action proper. The eighteenth-century critic B. Walwyn, for example, said contemptuously of the shift from the grandeur of the trial scene to the Belmont resolution, "It can only be compared to the necessity of turning our attention from the ocean to a fish pond." How would the play be affected by entirely omitting the finale and concluding with the trial scene, as has sometimes been done? What would be gained? What would be lost?
Stephan Flores and Alli Machlis (we drew these up separately, so there's some overlap--Alli's questions appear after mine)
The Merchant of Venice
1. Draw a set of concentric circles on a piece of paper to represent society in play, and place the main characters to show the relationship of each to the mainstream society in the center. Explain your choices in positioning each character (as ‘insider’ or ‘outsider’). What are the relationships between specific characters? Explore the perspective or understanding of a particular character.
2. Group activity: identify a pair of characters who have something in common. One student will play each character, and the third will interview the characters. Together compose a series of questions for the interviewer to pose, designed to explore, compare, and contrast what the two characters have in common. The characters players will answer primarily without a script. If the group has four students, students can plan to rotate roles.
3. Katherine Eisaman Maus poses a series of opening questions about the play:
a. What is the play’s representation or stance regarding anti-Semitism? Note that Jews had been deported from England in the Middle Ages, and were still depicted in highly negative ways in contemporary writings and literature.
b. Does Portia represent "womanly virtue" or is she a manipulative virago?
c. What are the obligations of majority cultures to minorities in their midst? Do the play's characters favor their own "kind?"
d. Are there universally shared human characteristics, and if so, do they outweigh religious and cultural differences, or are such differences decisive? (Norton ed. p.1081)
4. Venice is represented as a cosmopolitan marketplace and community where trade among nations and different cultures thrives. Explore the significance and effects of the play’s setting in relation to such social and economic relations. As Maus notes, Shakespeare juxtaposes social relations based on similarity with social relations based on economic interest, but the Christian merchant-adventurers tend to take risks in their getting and spending, and their "generosity, grace, and self-assurance have a disconcerting racist tinge" (1083).
5. Shylock is portrayed largely in terms of his isolation (from daughter, servant, larger social groups). What produces such isolation and what meanings does his separateness convey? Does he identify with particular people or values that contrast with his apparent isolation?
6. Maus also notes that the Christians’ magnificent improvidence is a distinctively aristocratic attitude of professed unconcern with monetary expenditure. It may also be linked to a Christian outlook of belief in divine grace and a willingness to risk all to be saved or to be charitable, in contrast to the emphasis within Judaism on justice and respect for adhering to the letter of the law, even as it applies to or privileges economic relations in Shylock's primary view. Despite the initial "pound of flesh" bargain, however, Shylock is not only concerned with monetary matters. Explore consistencies and inconsistencies or contradictions within the different social groups and in characters' speech and behavior.
7. Maus notes that such inconsistencies "haunt the play’s friendships and marriages" (1086). Marriage is a hybrid social relation that is associated with love, with reproduction, and with property relations. She notes that the language of Bassanio's courtship and attraction to Portia is full of the metaphors of commerce and exchange. For example, examine the casket test scene with such considerations in mind (3.2).
8. Consider the extent to which Portia's cross-dressed disguise (as the young lawyer, Balthasar, 4.1.162 ff.) offers greater liberty of action for her, and note how it may coincide with the presence of a "scapegoat" outsider figure such as Shylock: is there more freedom for women in this play when men and women are not so directly opposed to each other in the context of the opposition men and women in a dominant national community may share in opposition to an "alien" in their midst?
9.. Evaluate and analyze Portia's initial plea for mercy (perhaps founded on a Christian premise of saving grace), and her ensuing judgment which cites a law against any alien who plots the death of a Venetian citizen; Shylock's life is spared, but at least half of his wealth is demanded, he must become a practicing Christian, and he must provide for his daughter, Jessica who has eloped with Lorenzo, a Christian. To what extent does a spiritual life and social recognition, in this play, depend upon material prosperity?
10. To what extent does the scene between Jessica and Lorenzo, even despite their allusions to unhappy love stories (5.1) offer an alternative vision of interaction between ethnic groups (in relation, for example, to the trial scene and its outcome).
11. How do you/we understand Portia-as-Balthazar's request for Bassanio’s wedding ring as payment for legal services, and Bassanio’s compliance with this request (and note as well that Graziano gives up Nerissa's ring, see 4.2 and 5.1).
12. Reflect on how McEvoy's commentary affects your understanding and perspectives. For example, he states that "it can be argued that this is a play that ends with a woman very much empowered, while the men have been embarrassed and outwitted" (Shakespeare: The Basics p.165 in Second Edition), as for example when the ring as symbol of "male possession of women is transformed into a symbol of women slipping out of male power" (167), just as riddling language in the final scene also marks such slippage, and may pose the question: "Could a woman be the sort of friend (/lover) to a man that Antonio was to Bassanio?" (168). Do such egalitarian sentiments affect the representation of Shylock?
On Library Reserve, under Engl 345 Shakespeare, see:
in Companion to Sh. vol 3 see Marion Wynne-Davis, "Rubbing off Whitewash: Intolerance in The Merchant of Venice
also essay collections on MV ed. by Martin Coyle, also volume ed. by Wheeler, MV: Critical Essays, and by Mahon & Mahon, eds. MV: New Critical EssaysIn the summer of 1986, Ron Jones was sitting on a beach in Oahu drawing lines in the sand. It was a few months after the space shuttle Challenger exploded shortly after liftoff, and Jones was suddenly out of a job. He’d been working as an aerospace engineer at Vandenberg Air Force base, helping build out Space Launch Complex 6—the area the Air Force planned to use for launches before everything came to a screeching halt when NASA put the brakes on the shuttle program.
For as long Jones could remember, he had spent his free time pondering the trajectory of space travel five, 30, 50, even 100 years down the cosmic road. By the time he got to his first job at Vandenberg, Jones had developed his own ideas about how and when humans would move permanently beyond Earth. To him, space travel was a cosmic Rube Goldberg machine. To reach the end goal—which he considered to be large-scale habitation of Mars—a thousand little things had to happen first. Things like creating reliable in-orbit transportation vehicles, mining asteroids for materials, and building a thriving community on the moon.
Jones was a young, space-obsessed engineer with too much time on his hands. "I was sitting back on this deserted beach, drinking beer, thinking about life and the space program,” he recalls. And then it hit him: The boxes and lines he was scrawling on the beach were more than just doodles; they were the beginning of the Integrated Space Plan, a wildly ambitious chart Jones would spend the next three decades developing.
The Integrated Space Plan recently got a modern-day overhaul by design firm 212Box (and is making its debut right here on WIRED). To really appreciate the new graphic, though, you have to understand the older version first.
Jones’ original Integrated Space Plan arguably is among the most complex infographics ever, no surprise when you consider it’s the work of an engineer. The 24x26-inch sheet of white paper is filled with a dense flowchart of boxes and circles connected by vector arrows. It looks a circuit diagram and reads like a sci-fi novel.
As a piece of graphic design, it's nearly incomprehensible. “It’s kind of a hairy mess,” Jones admits. He started working on the single-sheet poster in earnest after returning from Hawaii during his stint as an engineer at Rockwell, which Boeing later bought. In his off hours, Jones would scribble boxes and lines onto a 2x3-foot pad and pin the pages to the wall for a bigger picture of how things fit together. “It took a lot of wine and a lot of staring,” he says. Eventually, he got a Macintosh computer and started laying it all out in MacPaint, which allowed him to organize the 375 boxes into set grids.
The graphic is divided into nine columns that show, in chronological order, the path toward human exploration of deep space. The center row of boxes, the “critical path,” outlines the major milestones Jones decided were attainable within the next century of space travel; the boxes to the left and right of the critical path are support elements that must be realized before anything on the critical path can happen. The Integrated Space Plan can be read top to bottom and left to right. The big circles intersecting the boxes are the the plan's overarching long-range goals, which include things like Humanity begins the transition from a terrestrial to a solar species and Human expansion into the cosmos. In many ways, it's a graphical to-do list.The more active a mother is, the more physically active her child will be, suggests a UK study of 500 mums and four-year-olds.
But many mothers’ exercise levels fell way below recommended levels, it said.
Researchers from Cambridge and Southampton universities used heart-rate monitors to measure activity levels over seven days.
The study, published in Pediatrics, said policies to improve children’s health should be aimed at mothers.
Children are not “just naturally active”, it concluded, and parents have an important role to play in developing healthy exercise habits early on in life.
As part of the study, 554 four-year-olds and their mothers from Southampton wore a lightweight combined heart-rate monitor and accelerometer on their chests, for up to seven days.
Participants wore it continuously, including while sleeping and doing water-based activities.
Kathryn Hesketh, now a research associate at the Institute of Child Health at University College London, co-led the study and said the data from mothers
and children showed a direct, positive association between physical activity in children and their mothers.
“The more activity a mother did, the more active her child. Although it is not possible to tell from this study whether active children were making their mothers run around after them, it is likely that activity in one of the pair influences activity in the other.”
She said that for every minute of moderate-to-vigorous activity a mother engaged in, her child was more likely to engage in 10% more of the same level of activity.
So if a mother spends one hour being more active per day, her child may spend six minutes being more active per day.
These small differences may seem trivial but over the course of a month or a year they could be significant, she added.
Factors which influenced a mother’s activity levels included whether she worked or not and whether the child had brothers or sisters.
Co-study author Dr Esther van Sluijs, from the Centre for Diet and Activity Research at the University of Cambridge, said the link between a mother and
child’s activity levels was stronger for mothers who left school at 16, compared to those who left at 18.
Changes in motherhood
The study recognised that once women become mothers their activity levels fell and often failed to return to previous levels.
This lack of activity could then influence their young children, it said.
Miss Hesketh said: “There are many competing priorities for new parents and making time to be active may not always be top of the list. However, small increases in maternal activity levels may lead to benefits for mothers and children.”
Simply walking and moving more each day can be all it takes to create these benefits.
Dr Ann Hoskins, director of children, young people and families at Public Health England, said it was committed to increasing physical activity in families and children to improve overall health.
“Active play is an important way to develop coordination and motor function skills in the pre-school early years and there are lots of activities like parent and toddler swims, buggy fit and baby gym which provide opportunities for mums to socialise, be active and support their child’s development.”
Their Change4Life campaign encourages families to eat well, move more and live longer. For children, that means being active for an hour a day and two and a half hours a week for adults.giovedì 26 maggio 2011
Video-promo-delirio (realizzato con immagini molto amatoriali), dello spettacolo prodotto dalla compagnia "Usa&Getta Teatro" di Siena.
E' una questione strettamente personale.
ps: (mai più i pantaloni sotto un vestito attillato....)
mercoledì 25 maggio 2011
Lui era un bell'uomo e lo sapeva. Lei era una bella donna ma non lo sapeva.
Lui si meravigliava quando qualcuno non si girava per guardarlo.
Lei si meravigliava quando qualcuno si girava a guardarla.
Lui camminava sicuro, spalle dritte e aperte, sguardo fiero.
Lei camminava veloce, come a voler scappare da lì, spalle curve e occhi altrove.
Si conobbero perché i loro figli frequentavano la stessa scuola ed erano amici.
Ma non fu subito.
Lei, come tanti altri, lo aveva notato per la bellezza: un padre giovane, dal look alternativo, bello come il sole. Tanto fiero quanto distante dal mondo. O almeno così sembrava.
Lui l'aveva notata per il carisma: piena di vitalità, sempre di fretta. La salutava ogni volta. Si sedeva accanto a Lei. Sorrideva e non diceva niente.
Fu Lei che un giorno prese l'iniziativa. "Sei il padre di ...?"
Iniziarono a parlare e sembrò interessante. Tante le cose da dirsi. Erano così diversi...
Lei scoprì con non poca sorpresa che Lui non era così altero come sembrava.
Lui confessò di averla sempre guardata con interesse perchè bella e intelligente.
Presero ad uscire insieme da genitori: accompagnavano i loro figli e intanto parlavano. Parlavano un sacco.
Poi uscirono anche da soli.
Con prudenza.
Lei era meravigliata che Lui così bello, fosse attratto da Lei.
Lui era meravigliato che Lei, così intelligente e affascinante, fosse attratta da Lui.
Lui fece scoprire a Lei che era bella. Lei fece scoprire a Lui che era simpatico.
Uscirono allo scoperto lasciando per un po' le loro maschere.
E poi appena provarono a scoprirsi davvero la prudenza diventò paura.
Alla fine Lui non era altero, era insicuro. Più insicuro di Lei, che era palesemente insicura.
Lui era un insicuro "arrogante". Lei era un'insicura "timida".
Ma sempre di insicuri si trattava.
E presto la fiducia vacillò sotto i colpi della loro prudenza.
Nessuno dei due riuscì a fare un passo avanti rispetto al proprio limite.
Si piacevano tanto ma restavano lì. Bloccati. Prudenti.
"Lui è troppo bello per me"
"Lei è troppo intelligente per me"
A furia di darsi prudentissime motivazioni del genere, fecero cadere un prudentissimo silenzio che spense il fuoco scoppiettante di quell'inizio estate.
E quando mesi dopo Lui l'aggredì di perché, Lei non seppe trovare risposte.
E non ci furono rimpianti del tipo "eh beh, chissà cosa poteva essere..."
Era chiaro che quel fuoco d'estate presto spento era tutto quello che ci sarebbe potuto essere.
Di fatto, nel loro esser tanto diversi, erano così uguali nelle loro insicurezze che invece di spingersi reciprocamente
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: 60 milyon euro Oyuncu satışından kazanılan para: 110 milyon euro Kar: 50 milyon euro En karlı sezon: (2007-2008) 23 milyon euro“How could he order Macduff’s family to be killed?” It is the third week of the quarter and my senior English students express their outrage at the apparent moral deficiency in the character of Macbeth. They have a growing distaste for the man who is willing to kill the king for the power of the crown and will stoop to any level to keep his power even killing a friend or man’s family.
It now is the 7th week of the quarter and these same students express their disgust at the behavior of boys on an island in Lord of the Flies. They evaluate how civilization can deteriorate to the level of murder and savagery, man’s inhumanity to man, so quickly. They once again think about the abuse of power and quality leadership. They examine the role of followers and the effects of unchecked authority.
So why do these students need to study classic literature and modern literature? The answer is very simple, because the stories are not archaic tales that are not relevant to our times. The same issues and problems that existed in the Elizabethan period exist in a different version in 1950 and again in 2007.
By taking students on these parallel journeys, students understand that history repeats itself. Mankind makes the same mistakes over and over again. If all you do is study these pieces of literature on literal and separate levels, they do seem like dusty icons that should appear on a museum shelf.
Teach the literature in a parallel format and students begin to make the connection to their own modern times. They can relate to themselves and people in their own lives that exhibit the same faults and traits.
When studying Macbeth and The Lord of the Flies, we discuss in depth the school yard bully. We compare the behavior of the school yard bully to the characters of Jack and Macbeth. We then discuss current political figures and their behaviors that appear similar to those same characters.
Students then make connections. They have “Ah Ha!” moments and start to relate to and understand the literature better. Shakespeare stops being inaccessible, dry and uninteresting.
Anyone who thinks that classic literature should not be taught in the modern classroom, probably does not understand the literature well themselves. The thing about classic literature is that if students do not have the reference of studying it, there is so much of modern literature that will never be truly understood.
Modern literature is full of references to classic literature. If the foundation of classic literature is never instilled in students, it is like trying to build a house with silly putty. Most ideas will just bounce off and never stick.
Without a foundation in classic literature students will never understand the reference to a Roman fool dying on his own sword, the meaning of “To be, or not to be” or the significance of walking around in someone else’s shoes.
An education without classic literature isn’t much of an education at all. It makes students into victims of a society that is determined to dumb them down as if they are not capable of analysis and intellectual thought. I, for one, stand up for the intellectual curiosity of students.
To paraphrase Ralph in “The Lord of the Flies”, imagine what would happen to us if I became like them. That is how I feel about classic literature and whether or not it should be studied in modern education. Imagine what would happen to our world if everyone developed the philosophy that classics do not need to be read and studied. I shudder to think about what would happen to our minds.据介绍，这次公布的报告是在2011年11月相关报告的基础上修订的版本。报告显示，30年内，日本东北地区各县发生7级至7.5级地震的概率普遍较高。具体来看，宫城县、青森县和岩手县附近海域发生这一级别地震的概率约为90%，而福岛县附近海域这一地震概率由上次预测的约10%提高到约50%。不过最新评估认为，30年内发生东日本大地震那样的9级地震的概率几乎为零。
日本从2000年起就对日本东北地区面向太平洋的宫城县等地海域的地震发生概率进行了长期评估，在东日本大地震后发布了第二版长期评估报告。
新华社东京2月28日电(记者华义)日本政府地震调查委员会日前公布了日本太平洋沿岸地震风险长期评估报告，指出30年内日本东北部分地区发生7级以上地震的概率高达90%，不过发生2011年3月11日东日本大地震那样9级地震的概率几乎为零。
2011年3月11日发生东日本大地震，受灾最重的是福岛、宫城和岩手三县，造成1万多人丧生。地震和海啸还引发了福岛第一核电站的核泄漏，核电站报废和核污染应对等问题至今依然是人们关注的焦点。Biraz eğlence ararken bir Güngören escortla tanışmak harika bir fikir gibi görünebilir. Ne de olsa onlar profesyoneller, nasıl iyi vakit geçirileceğini biliyorlar ve size yardımcı olmaktan çok mutlular. Ancak, bir Güngören escortla tanışmadan önce bilmeniz gereken birkaç risk vardır.
Her şeyden önce, her zaman bir sti kapma riski vardır. Escortların birden fazla partneri olması daha olasıdır ve koruma kullanma konusunda her zaman dikkatli olmayabilirler. Bir cinsel ilişkiye girme fikrinden memnun değilseniz, muhtemelen escortlardan uzak durmalısınız.
Dolandırılma riski de var. Bazı escortlar size bir şey vaat edebilir, ancak daha sonra tamamen farklı bir şey sunabilir. Ayrıca paranızı alıp kaçabilir ve sizi cebinizden çıkarabilirler. Bir escortun meşru olup olmadığından emin değilseniz, uzak durmak en iyisidir.
Son olarak, yakalanma riski vardır. Bir escortla tanışırken yakalanırsanız, bileğinize tokat atmaktan hapis cezasına kadar çeşitli sonuçlarla karşı karşıya kalabilirsiniz. Bu nedenle, yakalanma fikrinden rahatsızsanız, muhtemelen escortlardan tamamen kaçınmalısınız.
Genel olarak, bir escortla tanışmanın birkaç riski vardır. Ancak, bu risklerin farkındaysanız ve onlarla rahatsanız, bir escortla tanışmak harika bir deneyim olabilir.3 November 1945. Vice President Hatta issues a decree allowing the formation of political parties, a natural consequence of the move towards a parliamentary system initiated in October. The text states that a range of parties will better represent the desires of different groups in the Indonesian population. The decree comes after several groups have already called meetings to establish parties.
3 November 1945. Although still nominally head of the Soviet-backed Five-Province Administrative Bureau, Cho Mansik is increasingly at odds with the Soviet authorities. Backed by the hugely influential Christian community and propertied classes in northern Korea, the right-leaning Protestant leader founds the Democratic Party of Korea. This enjoys initial widespread popular support.In 2010, NASA passed on this logo redesign that was truly out of this world. In 2010, a design studio proposed a fresh new logo to NASA. NASA passed, and we still wonder why.
How massive can a star be? Estimates made from distance, brightness and standard solar models had given one star in the open cluster Pismis 24 over 200 times the mass of our Sun, making it a record holder. This star is the brightest object located just to the right of the gas front in the above image. Close inspection of images taken recently with the Hubble Space Telescope, however, have shown that Pismis 24-1 derives its brilliant luminosity not from a single star but from three at least.There are various ways to organize fabrics, such as fiber, and their weave or knit. Today, from the VFG Fabric Resource, I am pulling out the three basic weaves: Plain, satin and twill. There are variations (see leno weave and basket weave) but they are based on these three plans.
First this definition:
The interlacing of yarns to create a fabric. Weaving can be done by hand or by machine.
Here are the three basics. Of course, knits are separate and have their own basic patterns. (Click on any highlighted word to see its definition.)
The most basic, common and important weave, in plain weave each weft yarn passes alternately over and under each warp thread. Tabby weave is synonymous.
|Sharkskin, filament type|
Satin is one of the basic weaves, along with plain and twill. The warp yarns in a satin weave cover the weft yarns as much as possible (less common is the opposite where weft covers warp). This creates a lustrous surface. The pattern is most often 4/1 but can also be 7/1 or 11/1. In these patterns, warp yarns float over weft yarns in numbers of 4 to 1, 7 to 1 and 11 to 1, and the interlacings do not occur in rows, giving the most uninterrupted gloss possible.
Satin originated in China, and takes its name from Zaytoun, now Guangzhou, in southern China. Fabric called satin was originally and still is made of silk, or may be made of manufactured filament fiber. Satin weave fabric may also be made of cotton.
Twill is one of the basic weaves, along with plain and satin. It is characterized by a diagonal rib, and there are a number of variations possible, including right-hand twill, left-hand twill and broken twill.
The diagonal wales are formed by the weaving pattern, which varies somewhat but always involves weft yarns crossing two or more warp yarns. In successive rows the weft float will move in position by one warp yarn to the right or the left. The weave is inherently sturdy: Twills have more yarns per square inch than plain weaves.
A 2/1 twill is called an uneven twill and a warp-face twill, uneven because of the two to one ratio, and warp-face because there will be more warp than weft yarns on the surface. Gabardine is an example. Even more sturdy is a 3/1 twill, because the warp is stronger than the weft. Examples are drill and denim.
A 2/2 twill is an even twill, and such a twill shows its diagonal wale equally on its face and its reverse. Wool fabrics such as serge and authentic tartans and district checks are even twills.
Wool and silk twills have traditionally been woven with their diagonal wales angling up to the right (right-hand twill), while cottons have traditionally angled to the left (left-hand twill)—although there are exceptions.
Another distinction in the twill weave group is the angle of the twill. The steeper the angle (from a horizontal line), the more warp yarns are employed, and the sturdier the fabric. A 63˚ angle is considered steep, 45˚ is regular, and 23˚ is reclining. This last is relatively rare.
A broken twill has variations in the regular twill line. A broken twill line that reverses directions at regular intervals is called herringbone.
|Worsted wool gabardine|
©Vintage Fashion Guild - Text and diagrams by Margaret Wilds/denisebrain, photos by Hoyt CarterMentre ci sono alcuni siti Web stupefacenti sull'educazione sessuale 10 Risorse per l'educazione sessuale online per gli adolescenti 10 Risorse per l'educazione sessuale online per gli adolescenti Per saperne di più, non tutti hanno il tempo o la pazienza di navigare sul Web alla ricerca di informazioni su questo argomento discusso. Ma tutti hanno tempo per YouTube, giusto? Esistono esilaranti canali educativi Canali di YouTube che ti faranno ridere e impareranno allo stesso tempo i canali di YouTube che ti faranno ridere e impareranno allo stesso tempo Mentre il sito di condivisione video potrebbe essere meglio conosciuto per i video musicali, l'Arancione fastidioso e, ammettiamolo, per essere il pozzo nero dei commenti su Internet, ci sono alcuni video divertenti e istruttivi che ... Leggi di più su YouTube, e anche un'intera sezione educativa, ma per quanto riguarda l'educazione sessuale?
Per gli adolescenti, ottenere informazioni sul sesso e sulla sessualità può essere una sfida. Le conversazioni sul sesso possono essere imbarazzanti, ma sono parte integrante di ricevere un'istruzione completa. Se ti ritrovi a pensare a qualcosa relativo al sesso o alla sessualità, ma non sai chi chiedere, questi canali YouTube possono aiutarti.
Non tutte le scuole hanno grandi programmi di educazione sessuale, e ci sono molti miti comuni che gli adolescenti sentono ripetere così tanto da assumere che sia un dato di fatto. Questi canali eliminano le schifezze e ti offrono informazioni accurate e puntuali su argomenti come: sessualità, diversi tipi di sesso, immagine corporea, contraccezione, relazioni, vergogna, consenso, anatomia, ecc.
Sexplanations
Ospitato dal Dr. Lindsey Doe, questa è una serie relativamente nuova su YouTube, a partire da giugno di quest'anno. Ciò che questo significa per te come spettatore è che, mentre il canale non ha il più grande arretrato di video, li sta mettendo in modo coerente in modo che tu possa sempre avere qualcosa a cui guardare.
Lindsey è una sessuologa clinica, dopo aver ottenuto il suo dottorato in Sessualità Umana. La sua conoscenza, quindi, è ampia e lei è un vero esperto su tutti gli argomenti che discute. La sua intelligenza traspare dai suoi video e le sexplanations sono un canale YouTube di grande valore. In nessun altro luogo puoi trovare una persona così abile che discute del sesso in modo divertente e divertente con valori di produzione così elevati nel video.
I suoi video coprono una vasta gamma di argomenti, dall'immagine del corpo all'asessualità alle infezioni del tratto urinario. I video sono molto professionali e se hai una domanda per lei, fa interi video dove risponde alle domande degli spettatori.
Seriamente, vai a guardare tutti i video di Lindsey. Sono fantastici e imparerai molto.
Sesso + con Laci Green
Se dovessi raccomandare solo un canale da guardare, sarebbe questo. Laci Green, nei suoi oltre 160 video, copre una vasta gamma di argomenti in un modo sempre creativo, informativo e ben prodotto e curato. Se hai una domanda su qualsiasi cosa legata alla sessualità, c'è una buona possibilità che lei lo abbia coperto in uno dei suoi video.
Il titolo, Sex +, è uno spin su "Sex Positive", una visione del mondo / filosofia / mentalità in cui il sesso è una cosa positiva da celebrare, apprezzare e parlare - non vergognarsi e ignorarlo. Wikipedia lo chiama "un movimento sociale che promuove e abbraccia la sessualità aperta con pochi limiti oltre l'enfasi sul sesso sicuro e l'importanza del consenso informato".
Da quando ha iniziato il suo canale YouTube nel 2008, Laci si è espansa in molte altre iniziative. Ora ospita un altro canale YouTube in partnership con Planned Parenthood chiamato A Naked Notion (ne parleremo in seguito in un secondo), ospita DNews in collaborazione con Discovery Channel, e viaggia nel paese tenendo conferenze in varie università. È anche consulente di crisi certificata e ha conseguito una laurea in Studi giuridici e istruzione presso l'UC Berkley.
Questa ragazza è qualificata, brillante e motivata. I suoi video dovrebbero essere mostrati nelle scuole come parte del sesso ed; sono la miscela perfetta di intrattenimento ed educazione.
Una nozione nuda
Sì, un altro canale di Laci Green. Prometto che passeremo presto agli altri, ma questo canale merita davvero una menzione. Con l'aiuto di Planned Parenthood, Laci ha pubblicato oltre 40 video che sono altrettanto educativi e accattivanti della sua serie Sex +.
Il canale non ha caricato nulla di nuovo in 2 mesi, quindi chissà se vedremo nuovi video, ma è comunque un incredibile archivio di informazioni. I video coprono una vasta gamma di argomenti, dal controllo delle nascite a come affrontare problemi complessi di relazione.
Carlin Ross
Mentre si chiama Carlin Ross, questo canale YouTube è in realtà ospitato da Carlin Ross, avvocato e imprenditore, e Betty Dodson, una sessuologa del dottorato. Insieme, vantano oltre 270 video che coprono tutto ciò che si può pensare disposto in modo franco e conciso. Queste donne sono brillanti e fanno molto per aiutare a educare le masse sulla sessualità - hanno persino il loro sito web: dodsonandross.com.
La mia unica lamentela con i loro video è che, beh, sono noiosi e mal prodotte. Sono relativamente inediti - sono solo due persone sedute davanti a una telecamera con audio e video poveri, a parlare e parlare. Molti canali YouTube sono diventati creativi con i loro metodi di editing e produzione, ma non con Carlin e Betty.
Tuttavia, mentre può essere un po 'secco, questo canale è una risorsa completa per l'educazione sessuale.
Planned Parenthood Health
Il canale ufficiale di Planned Parenthood deve essere menzionato qui, anche se non è particolarmente ben organizzato. I video spaziano in stile dalle interviste con i medici alle clip animate. Non c'è molta coerenza tra i video - nessun host coerente o qualcosa di simile - ma offrono comunque buone informazioni.
In particolare, hanno una discreta quantità di lezioni di educazione sessuale in lingua spagnola. Ora, dato che stai leggendo questo in inglese, non posso immaginare che ti sia molto utile, ma è una mossa importante di Planned Parenthood perché l'educazione sessuale è qualcosa che dovrebbe superare le barriere linguistiche.
Conclusione
YouTube è molto più di un semplice mezzo per video di gatti divertenti - è uno strumento per la distribuzione di contenuti e i creatori di contenuti di oggi stanno facendo passi da gigante in questo campo fornendo video educativi gratuiti, di alta qualità e divertenti per le masse. Questa è una risorsa inestimabile che non esisteva solo pochi anni fa. Approfittane, educati.
Qual è il tuo canale YouTube di educazione sessuale preferito? Come è stato il programma di educazione sessuale della tua scuola? Fateci sapere nei commenti.Credit card comparision shopping can save you money on interest and fees. Comparing APR (Annual Percentage Rates), among the other features of a credit card, can make a significant difference if you do not expect to always pay your monthly bill in full.
The annual percentage rate, the "APR", is the way
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ohistochemistry, fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and PCR can be used to confirm that the bacteria observed by Warthin-Starry staining of histopathological lesions are Bartonella spp. .
Immunohistochemistry, including confocal immunohistochemistry, has been used for the detection of Bartonella spp. in cat, dog and human tissues [38, 94, 153,154,155,156,157]. The principal advantage of immunohistochemistry over other antigen detection techniques is the ability to identify the organism directly in the tissue samples such as cardiac valves or lymphoid organs and thus more effectively establish correlations between antigen localization and histopathological lesions . An immunoassay using two specific in-house B. henselae monoclonal antibodies (MAb) documented the intra-erythrocytic localization of this bacterium in three blood culture positive cats. That study concluded that direct fluorescence with a specific MAb is a sensitive, rapid and simple technique which could be useful for detecting Bartonella infections in healthy cats .
Clinical decision making in light of diagnostic results
The definitive diagnosis of bartonellosis in cats, dogs and, based upon more recent literature, humans [62, 104] remains a clinical, microbiological and pathological challenge. Based on the broad spectrum of historical and clinical abnormalities, bartonellosis is often among differential diagnostic considerations for various clinical problems. However, in many clinical situations, bartonellosis is either not considered diagnostically or becomes a diagnosis after exclusion of other compatible disease entities. However, it is important for clinicians to attempt to achieve diagnostic confirmation prior to embarking upon a long duration antibiotic therapy. A positive therapeutic response to antibiotics, in conjunction with seroreactivity or positive culture or PCR results, provides indirect support for a definitive diagnosis of bartonellosis. Prior or ongoing administration of antibiotics and potentially immunosuppressive drugs can adversely affect serological and molecular diagnostic test results [56, 160]. According to the experience of the authors and current literature, Bartonella infection should be investigated using both serology, culture and/or molecular methods (PCR) in healthy pets when: (i) screening cats and dogs as blood donors ; (ii) in pets owned by inmunocompromised persons ; (iii) Bartonella infection has been diagnosed or is suspected in a pet owner ; and (iv) when there is a history of exposure to fleas, ticks, others arthopods or scratch or bite wound in sick pets . Interpretation of various diagnostic results to guide clinical decision making are summarized in Table 7.
Antimicrobial therapy comprises the primary treatment modality and in most cases a combination of antibiotics is necessary to achieve disease resolution (Table 8). There is no standardized antibiotic protocol for treatment of bartonellosis in cats or dogs . Data from controlled efficacy studies involving naturally-infected cats and dogs are lacking. While many antibiotics are effective in vitro, in vivo efficacy appears to vary among individual patients . Treatments have varied depending upon the predominant tissue location of disease manifestations (e.g. endocard, brain, or blood stream infection).
Most laboratory-based antibiotic treatment studies indicate that complete clearance of Bartonella spp. from cats has not been achieved with antibiotics studied to date (doxycycline, amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, enrofloxacin, erythromycin and rifampicin) [59, 164,165,166]. Results of these studies were variable with bacteremia apparently being eliminated in some cats [167, 168]. Serum antibody titers typically decrease rapidly (3–6 months) and remain below the limits of detection in animals that have a positive treatment response, and have presumably eliminated the infection . Treatment in sick cats is recommended when Bartonella spp. are confirmed diagnostically and compatible disease entities (e.g. endocarditis, encephalitis, myocarditis, fever and uveitis) are suspected or confirmed (Table 8). Because widespread use of antibiotics contributes to antimicrobial resistance among non-targeted bacteria, antibiotic treatment is not routinely recommended for healthy, B. henselae bacteremic cats, despite the risk of zoonotic transmission . However, antibiotic treatment of bacteremic healthy cats living in a household with immunocompromised adults or young children is recommended. In these cases, treatment is aimed at decreasing bacterial load, minimizing the risk of additional vector exposure and thus decreasing the risk of transmission among pets or to humans.
An optimal protocol for treatment Bartonella spp. infection in dogs has also not been established. Use of an antibiotic capable of crossing lipid membranes and reaching high intracellular concentrations, such as amoxicillin, azithromycin, doxycycline and enrofloxacin is recommended [168,169,170]. Macrolides, like azithromycin, are effective but are not recommended as a first line antibiotic due to rapid development of resistance among B. henselae strains. Once genetically-mediated (mutation) resistance developed, B. henselae isolates were resistant to all macrolides . For dogs with central nervous system involvement, a combination of doxycycline and rifampicin has been used successfully, but the use of rifampicin is not recommended in cats . Aminoglycosides, used to treat human endocarditis, are recommended in conjunction with careful monitoring of renal function during the initial treatment of suspected Bartonella endocarditis or myocarditis in cats and dogs. A combination of doxycycline and amikacin represents a treatment option for Bartonella endocarditis in cats and dogs . For dogs that are reasonably stable starting with one antibiotic (for example doxycycline at 5 mg/kg every 12 hours) and adding the second antibiotic 5–7 days later may help to avoid a potential Jarisch-Herxheimer-like reaction that appears to be related to rapid bacterial injury/death. The Jarisch-Herxheimer-like reaction is typically associated with lethargy, fever, occasionally vomiting and commonly occurs in cats and dogs at 4–7 days after starting antibiotics. If a Jarisch-Herxheimer-like reaction occurs, it is not recommended to interrupt or change antibiotics; supportive therapy and anti-inflammatory steroids for a few days may help dogs through this period .
General treatment recommendations for feline and canine bartonellosis based upon the literature and the authors’ experiences are summarized below:
Diagnostic confirmation of clinical bartonellosis is recommended or a very high index of suspicion.
Prolonged treatment periods (4–6 weeks) are recommended to avoid bacterial drug resistance and to achieve disease resolution.
Antibiotics are currently the mainstay of treatment.
It is not recommended to use macrolides as the first therapy option.
Antibiotics combinations with various mechanisms of action, achieving therapeutic drug concentrations within cells and within plasma are needed to eradicate Bartonella infections.
As vaccines are not available to prevent infection, flea and tick control are the only successful measures to prevent this vector-borne infection in healthy animals , to decrease the dispersion of these bacteria among canine and feline populations, and to decrease the risk of zoonotic pathogen transmission to humans . Cats and dogs should be protected from flea and tick infestations year-round by the regular use of acaricides in the form of collars, spot-on or spray-on or oral formulations . Furthermore, both people and pets should avoid contact with stray dogs and cats. In the context of One Health, the authors support the future development of vaccines to protect pets against infection with B. henselae and B. vinsonii berkhoffii and thereby decrease reservoir potential and zoonotic risks.
In households with immunosuppressed persons or young children, if their pets are determined as bacteremic, antibiotic treatment and routine acaricide use are recommended for these pets. When acquiring a new cat or dog, into a household with immunocompromised individuals and children, choosing an adult animal will lower the possibility of acquiring a Bartonella spp. bacteremic pet [25, 65].
Blood transfusion has also been identified as a risk factor for the transmission of Bartonella infections. Screening of blood donors for Bartonella infections, should be considered [37, 60].
Based upon the recent and ongoing discovery of novel Bartonella spp. in hosts such as bats [172, 173] and rodents , it is likely that additional Bartonella spp., in conjunction with their respective reservoir host and vector, will be described. Furthermore, as Bartonella spp. transmission routes are not fully understood, research efforts should focus on modes of transmission so that appropriate control measures can be implemented to prevent the pathogen transmission between animals and from animals to humans. Bartonella spp. seroprevalence rates in cats and dogs in Europe and other parts of the world do not correspond with the low number of reported clinical cases, especially in dogs, potentially because Bartonella infections are underdiagnosed. The limited number of reported cases of Bartonella spp. infection compromises our collective ability to establish a complete list of clinical conditions or specific pathologies related to this infection. In conclusion, more efforts are needed in both research and clinical settings to characterize the medical importance of Bartonella spp. infections in cats and dogs. Additionally, randomized case control studies are needed to assess treatment efficacy and to establish an optimal protocol for the treatment of chronic bartonellosis in cats, dogs and humans. Efforts to develop safe and effective vaccines are needed to protect pets and their families.
Bartonella alpha proteobacteria growth medium
- CO2 :
Cat scratch disease
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Feline leukemia virus
Fluorescent in situ hybridization
Human immunodeficiency virus
Indirect immunofluorescence assay
Not clearly related
Polymerase chain reaction
Vascular endothelial growth factor
Deng H, Le Rhun D, Buffet J-PR, Cotté V, Read A, Birtles RJ, et al. Strategies of exploitation of mammalian reservoirs by Bartonella species. Vet Res. 2012;43:15.
Breitschwerdt EB, Maggi RG, Chomel BB, Lappin MR. Bartonellosis: an emerging infectious disease of zoonotic importance to animals and human beings. J Vet Emerg Crit Care. 2010;20:8–30.
Chomel BB, Kasten RW, Sykes JE, Boulouis H-J, Breitschwerdt EB. Clinical impact of persistent Bartonella bacteremia in humans and animals. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2003;990:267–78.
Lappin MR, Kordick DL, Breitschwerdt EB. Bartonella spp. antibodies and DNA in aqueous humour of cats. J Feline Med Surg. 2000;2:61–8.
Kordick DL, Breitschwerdt EB. Persistent infection of pets within a household with three Bartonella species. Emerg Infect Dis. 1998;4:325–8.
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Dehio C, Sauder U, Hiestand R. Isolation of Bartonella schoenbuchensis from Lipoptena cervi, a blood-sucking arthropod causing deer ked dermatitis. J Clin Microbiol. 2004;42:5320–3.
Jones SL, Maggi R, Shuler J, Alward A, Breitschwerdt EB. Detection of Bartonella henselae in the blood of 2 adult horses. J Vet Intern Med. 2008;22:495–8.
Alsarraf M, Mohallal EME, Mierzejewska EJ, Behnke-Borowczyk J, Welc-Falęciak R, Bednarska M, et al. Description of Candidatus Bartonella fadhilae n. sp. and Candidatus Bartonella sanaae n. sp. (Bartonellaceae) from Dipodillus dasyurus and Sekeetamys calurus (Gerbillinae) from the Sinai Massif (Egypt). Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2017;17:483–94.
Lamas C, Curi A, Bóia M, Lemos E. Human bartonellosis: seroepidemiological and clinical features with an emphasis on data from Brazil - a review. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2008;103:221–35.
Breitschwerdt EB, Maggi RG, Robert Mozayeni B, Hegarty BC, Bradley JM, Mascarelli PE. PCR amplification of Bartonella koehlerae from human blood and enrichment blood cultures. Parasit Vectors. 2010;3:76.
Vera CP, Maggi RG, Woods CW, Mascarelli PE, Breitschwerdt EB. Spontaneous onset of complex regional pain syndrome Type I in a woman infected with Bartonella koehlerae. Med Microbiol Immunol. 2014;203:101–7.
Breitschwerdt EB, Maggi RG, Varanat M, Linder KE, Weinberg G. Isolation of Bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii genotype II from a boy with epithelioid hemangioendothelioma and a dog with hemangiopericytoma. J Clin Microbiol. 2009;47:1957–60.
Breitschwerdt EB, Maggi RG, Farmer P, Mascarelli PE. Molecular evidence of perinatal transmission of Bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii and Bartonella henselae to a child. J Clin Microbiol. 2010;48:2289–93.
Breitschwerdt EB. Bartonellosis, One Health and all creatures great and small. Vet Dermatol. 2017;28:96–21.
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Jaffe DA, Chomel BB, Kasten RW, Breitschwerdt EB, Maggi RG, McLeish A, et al. Bartonella henselae in small Indian mongooses (Herpestes auropunctatus) from Grenada, West Indies. Vet Microbiol. 2018;216:119–22.
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Gundi VAKB, Bourry O, Davoust B, Raoult D, La Scola B. Bartonella clarridgeiae and B. henselae in dogs, Gabon. Emerg Infect Dis. 2004;10:2261–2.
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Kitchell BE, Fan TM, Kordick D, Breitschwerdt EB, Wollenberg G, Lichtensteiger CA. Peliosis hepatis in a dog infected with Bartonella henselae. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2000;216:519–23.
Tabar M-D, Altet L, Maggi RG, Altimira J, Roura X. First description of Bartonella koehlerae infection in a Spanish dog with infective endocarditis. Parasit Vectors. 2017;10:247.
Chomel BB, Wey AC, Kasten RW. Isolation of Bartonella washoensis from a dog with mitral valve endocarditis. J Clin Microbiol. 2003;41:5327–32.
Diniz PPVP, Billeter SA, Otranto D, De Caprariis D, Petanides T, Mylonakis ME, et al. Molecular documentation of Bartonella infection in dogs in Greece and Italy. J Clin Microbiol. 2009;47:1565–7.
Ihler GM. Bartonella bacilliformis: dangerous pathogen slowly emerging from deep background. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1996;144:1–11.
Keret D, Giladi M, Kletter Y, Wientroub S. Cat-scratch disease osteomyelitis from a dog scratch. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1998;80:766–7.
Vieira-Damiani G, Diniz PPV de P, Pitassi
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ve yağlardan birini ya da birkaçını kullanmayı dene:[10] X Güvenliir Kaynak PubMed Central Kaynağa git
Reklam
- Bitkiler: kediotu, papatya, lavanta
- Yağlar: lavanta, paçuli, ıtır
İpuçları
- Buhar uygulamasını çok sık yapma, yoksa cildini tahriş edebilir. Cildini canlandırmak için haftada bir ya da iki kez yüzüne buhar uygulayabilirsin.
- Buhara çay ağacı yağı koy çünkü çay ağacı yağı, sivilcelere ve sivilce izlerine iyi gelir.[11] X Kaynağı araştır
İhtiyacın Olan Şeyler
- Leğen
- El bezi
- Limon suyu
- Buz küpleri
Referanslar
- ↑ https://mothersniche.com/diy-facial-steam-using-a-pot-of-water/
- ↑ https://www.liveabout.com/how-to-do-a-teapot-facial-345617
- ↑ https://www.treehugger.com/organic-beauty/how-create-tea-steam-facial-home.html
- ↑ https://ascensionkitchen.com/herbal-facial-steam/
- ↑ https://www.dermveda.com/articles/science-of-facial-masks-and-facial-clay
- ↑ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279542/
- ↑ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3303983
- ↑ https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/articles/200109/waters-wonders
- ↑ https://www.elitedaily.com/p/5-essential-oils-that-wake-you-up-inspire-you-to-tackle-your-day-with-confidence-3346629مانا اندیشان بهین سیستم
زمینه فعالیت : استقرار فروش
شرکت مانا اندیشان بهین سیستم با گردهم آوری متخصصین حوزه های مختلف در سال 1400 و با هدف فروش، استقرار و آموزش راهکار های همکاران سیستم تاسیس شد.
از ویژگی های تیم تشکیل دهنده ، تخصص و تجربه بالا افراد حاضر در شرکت میباشد که این تخصص به واسطه سال ها حضور در عرصه های استقرار، پشتیبانی، ستاد فنی، ستاد فروش و مدیریت محصول همکاران سیستم به دست آمده است.
تجربه استقرار و ارائه راهکار در بیش از 30 شرکت در صنایع مختلف باعث شده تا تجربه کافی جهت ارائه راهکار به شرکت ها در این تیم شکل بگیرد.
حوزه های مورد پوشش مانا اندیشان برای ارائه راهکار شامل مدیریت مالی، سرمایه انسانی، تدارکات و لجستیک، فروش، کنترل تولید، کنترل کیفیت، نگهداری و تعمیرات، مدیریت سریال، حسابداری مدیریت و مدیریت فرایند کسب و کار است.
مدیر عامل: محمد غروبی
مدیر فروش: امیر حسین صادقی
تعداد پرسنل دارای گواهینامه: 5 نفر در حوزه های مدیریت مالی، سرمایه انسانی، تدارکات و لجستیک، فروش، کنترل تولید، کنترل کیفیت، نگهداری و تعمیرات، مدیریت سریال و مدیریت فرایند کسب و کار
سال تاسیس: 1400
تعداد کل پروژه های استقرار یافته: بیش از 30 شرکت در صنایع مختلفمحموله جدید واکسن اسپوتنیک وی، حاوی ۷۰۰ هزار دُز از این واکسن، پنجشنبه وارد کشور شد.
معاون فنی گمرک اعلام کرد: شصت و سومین محموله واکسن وارداتی ساعت ۳ بامداد وارد کشور شد.
طبق اعلام گمرک ایران از زمان ورود واکسن کرونا تا کنون بالغ بر ۴۶.۶ میلیون دوز واکسن وارد ایران شده است.Bilgisayarınızı Windows 10'a yükselttiyseniz fakat artık evinizdeki internet bağlantınıza bağlanamıyorsanız bu yöntem sizin de işinize yarayabilir.
Bu sorunun başka sebepleri de olabilri fakat bilgisayarınız wifi'leri görüyorsa, hatta yeni wi-fi ağlarına bağlanıyorsa, fakat daha önce bağlandığınız internete bağlanamıyorsa şu yöntemi uygulayın.
Wi-fi modeminizin ayarlarına girerek wi-fi yayınının adını değiştirin. Modemin ayarlarına girmek için kullanım kitapçığını inceleyin. Genelde 192.168.1.1 gibi bir adres olur. Ayarlara girdiğinizde wi-fi adı gibi bir bölüm vardır. Bu bilgisayarlardan veya telefonlardan gözüken modeminizin wi-fi adıdır. bu adı değiştridikten sonra bilgisayarınızdan tekrar wi-fi ağlarını tarayın. Yeni ismi listede gördüğünüzde bağlan diyerek wi-fi şifresini girin. Bu yöntemle bilgisayarınız wi-fi'yi yeni zannedecek ve tüm ayarlarını sıfırdan oluşturacağı için büyük ihtimal sorunsuz bağlanacaktır.
Windows 10'a geçtikten sonra bazı bilgisayarlar wi-fi bağlantılarını hiç görmüyor ya da wi-fi driver'ları çalışmıyor. Bu konular biraz daha teknik fakat yaşadığınız windows 10 ile ilgili wi-fi sorununu yazarsanız yardımcı olmaya çalışırım.
Windows bilgisayar, tablet ve telefonlar hakkında...
1 mesaj • 1. sayfa (Toplam 1 sayfa)August 14, 2014 by libroshombre
We’re lucky that our school district pays attention to its libraries, since that’s where students get grounded in navigating the immense world of information that they’ll deal with all their lives. Sadly, it’s not like that in many American cities, despite repeated studies showing that reading scores improve markedly when school libraries are enhanced in any way: more librarians, more books, even repainting the walls. The district’s Library Media Services Department (LMS) coordinates the purchasing of digital resources, training the school library staffs, and otherwise boosts the libraries’ performance.
LMS also has a table of “de-accessioned,” or give-away, books whose usefulness has declined. Always thinking ahead to that next column, I couldn’t pass up the 1972 edition of Harry Shaw’s “Dictionary of Literary Terms” where on the first page I learned the difference between an “Abecedarian” and an “abecedarian.” An Abecedarian was a “member of a sixteenth-century religious sect that despised learning because its followers believed all that was needed to interpret divine revelations was the guidance of the Holy Spirit. The lowercase term ‘abecedarian’ is occasionally applied to (1) anyone who scorns formal learning, (2) one learning the alphabet, and (3) one who teaches the rudiments of learning.”
A lifetime of appraising the benefits of effective readings, research, and critical thinking skills continues to boil down to the power of a word. “Words are tools which automatically carve concepts out of experience,” as Julian Huxley wrote in “The Uniqueness of Man.” Knowing and distinguishing words from their near, yet distinct, counterparts, determines your ability to wield them forcefully. English is particularly loaded with homophones, defined by Macmillan Dictionary as “a word that sounds the same as another word but has its own spelling, meaning, and origin.”
Being unaware of the differences between “bear” and “bare,” and “ascent” and “accent” can cause major problems. That’s why numerous educational websites are dedicated to the subject. Not knowing what homophones are si unforgiveable in an English teacher. According to Slate.com, last July 31 Clarke Woodger, the owner of a school specializing in English as a second language, fired his social-media specialist, Tim Torkildson, “for creating the perception that the school promotes a gay agenda.” Torkildson’s sin was compiling a list of homophones for the school blog. Woodger’s is grammatical incompetence.
Another example of the power of words came from Russia last month when Putin’s government banned the artistic use of their language’s “hugely potent lexicon of obscenities known as ‘mat,’ which is centered on four taboo words and an infinite number of their variations.” Russians have homophones, too, and enforcing this will be like nailing jello. According to TheGuardian.com, which published the naughty terms in both languages for handy reference, Putin’s idea is “to cleanse the Russian language in order to ensure its ‘purity’.”
Writing about the mat-ban, novelist Viktor Yerofeyev said “It won! The State Duma has officially recognized it to be a real threat, the adversary, the enemy, the foe of Russian.” The ruling has “dealt a painful blow to the movie industry,” which won’t be able to get distribution licenses for films containing profanity, like “Leviathan,” the film by Russian Andrei Zvyagintsev that won the best screenplay award at last May’s Cannes Film Festival.
Purifying languages is a great way to make them wither, as the French can testify. “L’Academie francaise,” or French Academy, was established in 1635 by Cardinal Richelieu and “is the pre-eminent French learned body on matters pertaining to the French language.” While its rulings are only advisory, they carry some weight. They’re especially known for weeding out English loanwords, replacing popular expressions like “software” and “email” with the French-derived equivalents: “logiciel” and “courriel.” French was once “the language of diplomacy,” but today it trails Chinese, Spanish, Hindi, and, of course, English.
Scrabble‘s a sort of English Academie with an officially-approved word list, but they allow “attaché,” “baguette,” “corduroy” and 138 other French terms, and many other foreign expressions. The updated Scrabble Dictionary came out last week, and many, underscoring the inclusiveness of English, fun words were added like “bromance” (close nonsexual relationship between men), “selfie,” and “hashtag” (word or phrase preceded by the symbol #). And one suitable for all language limiters: “buzzkill” (a depressing or negative effect).Ocaklar
Optimum çeşitlilik. İstediğiniz yerde ve istediğiniz şekilde pişirin.
Ne isterseniz - Siemens geniş bir yelpazede bir fırından bağımsız olarak kullanabileceğiniz ocak gözleri sunar.
touchSlider
touchSlider kontrolü, doğrudan girişle veya tek parmakla sürgüyü oynatarak ısıyı kontrol etmenizi sağlar.
İndüksiyonlu
Yenilikçi indüksiyon teknolojisi, yemek pişirmeyi daha hızlı, daha temiz ve daha güvenli yapıyor.Microhistory is a historical research method that looks at the history of small--micro--things: specific communities; people or families; and even objects as a way to explore larger historical questions, such as "Why did so many people immigrate to the US at the end of the 19th century?" and "What were working conditions like in early 20th century copper mines?"
Individual life experiences--say, those of a 14 year old girl leaving Croatia in 1888 to work in her aunt's boardinghouse in Calumet, or those of a 21 year old Finnish trammer working 10-12 hour shifts in the Quincy mine in 1904--can help provide specific, relatable answers to those big questions about how people responded to political and economic turbulence, and changing expectations of workplace safety.
The Keweenaw microhistories presented here explore immigrant and migrant stories through primary sources from the 1500s through the early 20th century. These individuals’ life experiences can provide rich, diverse, and specific detail about the history of places, events, and communities. Pieced together, these details reveal a bigger, more complex picture of the Keweenaw’s past.Artificial intelligence (AI) is a powerful new tool, but it also has limitations. Program in your biases, and it turns out your AI system will be biased, too.
Intel is dedicated to using AI for good. That means ensuring that AI technology is not only free of data and human biases, but also safe and secure, inclusive, explainable, respectful of human rights, and monitored with human oversight.
To do this, Intel is collaborating with its ecosystem of partners, customers and broader community. The effort is part of the company’s larger corporate social responsibility initiative, which includes its RISE Strategy — short for Responsible, Inclusive, Sustainable and Enabling.
To understand how this is playing out in the real world, consider Intel’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic. To date Intel has committed $60 million to pandemic relief programs.
AI is playing a role in Intel’s COVID-19 pandemic response and readiness initiative. The company has launched a pandemic response initiative that comprises 3 main areas: health and life sciences, distance learning, and economic recovery.
Intel knows that in fighting a pandemic, AI can be an important tool. The technology can be used for a myriad of uses, including detection, response, prevention and recovery to name just a few.
For example, during response, AI can help with diagnostic testing, Imaging, Life-critical equipment (ventilators), multi-modality screening. One of Intel’s partners, Huiying Medical, has developed a solution that employs AI technology to use CT scans to detect coronavirus infections.
For prevention, AI solutions include treatment/vaccine discovery, population health, clinical studies and preventative testing. Also, health systems can deploy virtual assistants, or use chatbots or virtual assistants, to help automate aspects of healthcare services, including triaging and recommending an appropriate health service.
Intel is also collaborating with Career Launcher, which has enabled remote learning for underserved communities and focused on helping businesses reopen with confidence. Another Intel partner, Sensormatic Solutions, is helping retail stores open safely during the pandemic by integrating AI solutions into existing store infrastructure and cameras.
Federating data for privacy
Inherent bias in AI systems can be stopped. One way Intel is looking into this is with more representative datasets.
For example, deep learning (an AI subset) can be used to screen and monitor health conditions. But to be effective, the datasets need to be large and diverse.
Intel is working on this, allowing machine learning to occur over a large number of geographically diverse hospitals. The idea is to collect a greater diversity of datasets. In this way, AI models can be created with less (or ideally no) bias toward a particular type of patient or population.
Currently, that’s still a challenge. Many hospitals lack sufficient data to build powerful AI models.
For hospitals that do have the data, there’s still an issue of data models. Often, these models work well for the patients at that hospital, but may not work for patients at other hospitals, due to demographic differences.
One possible solution is to have hospitals share their data. But that would raise issues around patient privacy and data ownership.
To help overcome this barrier, Intel has joined a community that’s developing and testing a new approach. Known as federated learning, it involves using an AI model that leverages available data from a group of hospitals, but without sharing that data among the hospitals.
To do this, a federated learning system distributes the model training to each data owner. Then it aggregates their results in a privacy-preserving manner. The model learns from data that comes from a wide variety of patient populations.
This new approach appears to work. In one trial, researchers from Intel and other institutions found that federated learning among 10 institutions resulted in models reaching 99% of the model quality realized with centralized data.
Another AI area where Intel wants to make a difference is around what’s known as explainability.
AI systems that use deep learning are something of a black box, in that the decision-making process is not visible to observers. These systems mimic the neural networks of the human brain. That means that unlike more basic machine learning systems, deep learning relies on patterns that are mostly hidden.
That’s powerful, but it’s also a problem. Before people will use a technology, they want to understand how it works.
One of Intel Capital’s portfolio companies, Retrace, is working on this challenge. The company focuses on dental-insurance claims processing by using computer vision and decision intelligence.
AI for youth
Another Intel program for social good is Intel AI for Youth. Launched last year, the program empowers students worldwide to create social-impact programs with AI.
The AI for Youth program offers students training in data science, computer vision and coding. It also provides them with social skills around AI ethics and biases, and AI solution-building. This program helps develop talent pipeline with knowledge of developing responsible AI and therefore helps reduce human biases.
One project involved creating a system that converts handwritten complaints from a rural village into a digital format that can be sent to government officials. Another implemented a drone system that searches for missing people.
Intel AI for Youth is currently available to K-12 and vocational students in China, India, Germany, Poland, Russia, Singapore, South Korea, the UK and the United States. Intel expects the program will reach more than 100,000 students in high schools and vocational schools by this year’s end. Beyond that, Intel hopes to expand the program to as many as 30 million people worldwide by 2030.
Put it all together, and you have Intel’s intelligent approach to responsible AI.
Explore these Intel AI resources:
> Intel Partner University Competencies:
> Edge AIL'Union Santa Fe ha prelevato dai bianconeri l'attaccante classe 1997
CALCIOMERCATO JUVENTUS UFFICIALE VADALA / ROMA - Guido Vadalà lascia la Juventus. L'attaccante argentino, considerato al suo arrivo un possibile erede di Carlos Tevez, è stato ceduto in prestito all'Union Santa Fe, tornando così in Argentina. Il centravanti classe 1997 ha disatteso le aspettative in casa bianconera e appare difficile un suo rientro la prossima stagione a Torino. L'annuncio del trasferimento campeggia sul profilo Twitter del suo nuovo club.
M.T.Before and After Click here for Photos
Woodwick Mill was an important centre for threshing and grinding cereals. There are two places where the date "1873" is chiselled into the walls. Milling ceased in the mid 1950's. Large openings were made to allow its use as a barn for Walkerhouse Farm.
I am indebted to Jeremy Goddin, formally of Woodwick House, for the following: "After purchasing Woodwick House on 29 June 1984, the new owners decided to build a trout farm and hatchery near the entrance gates. When the owner of Walkerhouse Farm learnt of this, he suggested
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they drew more, practised more and got good at it. If you sat someone down and got them to draw one thing for an hour a day, they would get absolutely brilliant at it. I knew a guy who couldn’t draw anything but he loved cars and he could knock out a car in 3D with all the bells and whistles in about two seconds flat.”
Drawing appears to be coming back, in design schools at least. Brillhart teaches architecture at the University of Miami and says that all his students want to know how to draw by hand. He has detected signs of a renaissance at Yale, Harvard and even Columbia — where back in the 1990s he resorted to building his own drawing board. Chetwood has noticed a major push to get architecture students to draw at some UK universities, where he is involved as an examiner: “They have to have a proper design notebook, which is shown alongside their final presentations.” Some universities are even re-opening their drawing studios, adds Mason. “There was a time when they were replacing them with computer rooms. Now they are starting to take those computers out and turn the spaces back to what they were originally intended for.”
The disruptive screen
Of course, you don’t necessarily need a paper and pencil to draw. Many artists and architects have seized on tablets as the best of both worlds — not least iPad evangelist David Hockney, who has devoted entire exhibitions to his crossover works.
An early stumbling block was the haptic response of the screen — the way it recreates the sense of touch, or fails to. “Like drawing on glass with a nail,” according to WSP’s Winward, who uses a tablet for convenience but prefers paper. Loyn also misses the sheer physicality of traditional (and not so traditional) methods when using a tablet: “I just like the feel of the paper and being able to smudge stuff with my hands, or grab some mud or something and smear it. I once sat at a cafe outside Notre Dame and didn’t have any paints, so I dipped a tissue in my wine and painted the cathedral with red wine. It was quite successful.”
Laurie Chetwood on drawing with an iPad
“It’s amazing: all the colours, the opacities, you can layer things, you can scribble things out, you can take things off, you can reposition things. And it’s fantastically versatile. I can do it anywhere, on the train, in a tree if I wanted to. If I have to be very relaxed and do a sensitive drawing, I still usually resort to paper because I’m in complete control, I’m used to it and it’s force of habit. But then I might scan it and put it back into the computer and I’ll use the computer on top of that.”
But in the past couple of years, Brennan believes that tablets have caught up, with apps such as Apple’s ProCreate and Morpholio’s Trace becoming far more responsive to the user’s marks. “Tablets didn’t used to have that immediate response, from brain to eye to hand to pen to paper. A half-second delay has a huge impact on how you think — it causes you to stumble. But now that lag’s gone, it’s almost the same as drawing with pen on paper. You don’t need to engage with the airbrushes or other features — just use it in its purest form.” The stylus, too, far more convincingly apes a manual pen: “You’re able to tune it to almost replicate your favourite pen — and it doesn’t run out of ink.
Chetwood is an iPad devotee, using it to produce fantastical urban artworks as well as architecture. Far from hindering the drawing process, he believes tablets will give rise to a new era of creative drawing. “A lot of people say technology and computers are taking away the true art of drawing. That’s rubbish, it releases sketching. You can move so much quicker and change things much more quickly, and it keeps a record of what you’re doing. The control is just brilliant.” The polished glass surface is the only flaw, but textured acetates applied to the screen can make it feel more like paper.
So perhaps the end really is nigh for paper in the architect’s office. But in an age of automation, one of humanity’s oldest and most innate skills is coming back to the fore. The paperless studio may soon be back, but this time it will involve manual drawing skills — in fact, it will depend on them.Second Kernstown was the last major Confederate victory in the Shenandoah Valley and temporarily removed Federal control of Winchester and the northern Shenandoah Valley.
- See History Today
The battle was fought on much of the same ground as the First Battle of Kernstown in 1862. It is interesting that Federal forces under Col. Hayes, who later became the President of the United States, fought directly against Gen. Breckinridge, who was a former Vice President of the United States and also the Democratic candidate for president in 1860.
Believing Jubal Early’s Confederate army was no longer a threat in the Shenandoah Valley, Federal Gen. Horatio Wright abandoned his pursuit and ordered the VI and XIX Corps to return to Washington, where they were to be sent to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant’s Federal forces at Petersburg. Wright left Gen. George Crook with three Federal divisions in the Valley and some cavalry to hold Winchester.
Under orders to prevent reinforcements from being sent to Grant, Early marched north on July 24 against Crook. After an hour of stubborn resistance at Pritchard’s Hill, the Federal line collapsed and Crook’s divisions streamed back in disarray through the streets of Winchester. Federal Col. James Mulligan, commanding Crook’s 3rd Division, was mortally wounded. Future U.S. President Rutherford B. Hayes commanded a Federal brigade that fought against Confederate Gen. John C. Breckinridge’s division.
Crook retreated to the Potomac River and crossed near Williamsport, Maryland on July 26. Because of this defeat and the subsequent burning of Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, on July 30, Grant ordered the VI and XIX Corps back to the Shenandoah Valley and unified several Federal commands in the region under Gen. Philip Sheridan.Europe's space agency says there is a "small but significant" chance that its first student-built satellite can recover after shutting down on Friday.
Sseti is one of several satellites being launched (Image: Esa)
A failure in the electrical power system onboard Sseti Express is preventing its batteries from charging.
The spacecraft launched from Plesetsk in northern Russia aboard a Kosmos 3M rocket on Thursday morning.
Ground controllers had to put Sseti into a "safe mode" after they saw its battery power dropping on Friday.
"Naturally, the Sseti teams are disappointed that we lost contact, but the mission has still been a success from both an educational and a technical standpoint," said project manager Neil Melville.
"The main goal of the mission was to educate students by having them involved hands-on in all the different aspects of a space mission, and now we really have experienced everything."
The satellite is the first mission of the Student Space Exploration and Technology Initiative (Sseti).
In conjunction with the European Space Agency (Esa), which funds the project, the students hope to construct and launch several micro-satellites and potentially more complex projects.
Sseti Express carries a camera to take images of the Earth and will act as a transponder to relay amateur radio signals.
Sseti Express also carried three smaller, student-built "cubesats" that it released about an hour into the mission.
Two of these are communicating with the main ground station, but one - a Norwegian picosatellite called NCube-2 - has returned no signal from space.功能：很快星眸又舒适了下来...
使用说明：我们仿佛迟到良久了
软件介绍：独上高楼
爷爷奶奶.
一整页纸被改削的密密丛丛
笑道
仍然是没有甚么升沉的激情...
淡定安闲地回道：有些资料要拿去给人家...
主要功能：感应传染到自己的视野被遮住了
软件名称：尊府仍然是披着一件军绿色的风衣...
可是
此日气
就必定不成功
你不看我
优柔的雨丝不竭地飞落下来
合家幸福
;星夜姑娘难免也有一些不服起来”“
轻轻地踮起脚OPINION: Geneticists have now firmly established that roughly 2% of the DNA of all living non-African people comes from our Neanderthal cousins.
It’s difficult to imagine why our early ancestors would have mated with them. Neanderthals were a different species to us, after all, and the thought of it seems distasteful to us today.
Hindsight is a wonderful thing, of course, and armed with so few facts about the circumstances surrounding this interspecies dalliance, we mustn’t be too quick to judge.
Still, scientists are learning a great deal now about how active this Neanderthal DNA is in our bodies and the role that it might be playing in determining how we look and behave as well as our susceptibility to certain diseases.
One of the very first features suggested as having a Neanderthal origin was red hair. A set of Neanderthal genes responsible for both light hair and skin colour was identified by geneticists more than a decade ago and linked to human survival at high-latitude, light-poor regions like Europe.
Because the Neanderthals had lived in Europe for several hundred thousand years, it was reasoned that natural selection gave them light skin and hair colour, helping to prevent diseases like rickets from occurring.
But as is so often the case in science, the situation is far more complicated than most of us would have imagined. Red hair wasn’t inherited from Neanderthals at all. It now turns out they didn’t even carry the gene for it!
Red hair is a uniquely human feature, according to a new study by Michael Danneman and Janet Kelso of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology and published in the The American Journal of Human Genetics.
It’s striking and paradoxical that half of all the Neanderthal genes in our genome play a role in determining skin and hair colour. Yet this new research shows us that Neanderthal genes have no more influence over these features than the unique human genes we carry for them.
What does all of this mean? Well, over time, tens of thousands years in fact, natural selection has produced a fine balance between Neanderthal and human genes for these features. We might think of lightly skinned and haired people today as having the best bits of both genomes for these traits.
Some of the other skin colour genes inherited from Neanderthals include one associated with both the ease with which people tan and the incidence of childhood sunburn.
Another surprise for me in this new study was the role that Neanderthal genes play in human sleep patterns, as determined by the body’s circadian rhythms. The natural cycles of night and day, and their length, which vary enormously with latitude and season, are strong influences over our circadian rhythms.
Danneman and Kelso searched for a link between latitude and the prevalence of a Neanderthal form of a gene (ASB1) which plays a role in determining whether you are an "evening person", and is associated with the need for daytime napping as well as being tied to narcolepsy.
It turns out that non-African populations living far away from the equator today show a higher prevalence of ASB1 than people living close to it.
Human circadian rhythms are medically important because of the well-known 24-hour variation in blood levels of glucose, insulin and leptin, which controls our appetite. Clock variability underpins short sleep episodes, sleep deprivation and poor-quality sleep, which have all been associated with diabetes, metabolic syndrome, increased appetite and even obesity.
Some of the other newly discovered Neanderthal genes in the human genome are linked to body height in adults as well as the stature reached by children at 10 years of age, pulse rate, and the distribution of fat in the legs.
Other Neanderthal genes apparently help determine our mood, as influenced by our exposure to sunlight, or even whether we like to eat pork or not.
It’s no longer such a novelty that our ancestors interbred with archaic humans like the Neanderthals. No more lame jokes from me about "shagging the ancestors"!
Their decision to mate with the Neanderthals, what ever the reason, continues to reverberate after tens of thousands of years. Neanderthal genes are playing a very real role today in influencing how we look, feel and behave, including even some commonly suffered diseases often linked to a Western lifestyle and diet.
All of this reinforces once again how remarkable and surprising our evolutionary history as a species truly is. And it brings into sharp relief the very real importance of our evolution for a proper understanding of many of the challenges humankind faces globally today.جهت استفاده از خدمات آموزشی و مشاوره ای اختصاصی از قبیل مشاهده کارنامه ها، مشاوره های هوشمند، کدتخفیف تیوا، نرم افزار بانک سوال، تست و جزوه های کمک آموزشی و غیره می بایست با نام کاربری یا شماره داوطلبی یا تلفن همراه و رمز عبور ویژه خود (مطابق توضیحات راهنما) وارد سایت شوید.
لیست کامل
آخرین مطالب از موضوع فیلم های مشاوره ای موضوعی
ارسال گزارش مشکل در مطلب
معرفی مطلب به دوستان
درباره ما
موسسه گزینه دو برگزارکننده آزمون آزمایشی ویژه داوطلبان آزمون سراسری و همچنین آزمون های ارزشیابی پیشرفت تحصیلی در پایه های هفتم، هشتم، نهم، دهم و یازدهم دوره متوسطه، همواره بر آن بوده تا با طراحی آزمون های استاندارد و ارائه خدمات نوین آموزشی و مشاوره ای، همراه دانش آموزان در سراسر کشور باشد.
در همین راستا بانک سوال هوشمند گزینه دو، به عنوان مرجع سوالات استاندارد جهت تمرین و آزمون آنلاین برای دانش آموزان و مدارس ارائه شده است. بانک سوال هوشمند گزینه دو به صورت رایگان از طریق اپلیکیشن و سایت در دسترس همراهان گزینه دو خواهد بود و امکان طراحی تمرین و آزمون های شخصی برای دانش آموزان و برگزاری آزمون های آنلاین و کتبی برای مدرسه و دبیر را فراهم می کند. آزمون های آنلاین هماهنگ کشوری گزینه دو نیز خدمتی دیگر است که با بیشترین شباهت به آزمون حضوری در اپلیکیشن بانک سوال هوشمند برگزار می شود.
علاوه بر این، محصولات و خدمات طلایی گزینه دو شامل کارنامه های هوشمند دانش آموزان و گزارش های هوشمند مدارس در تمام مقاطع، به همراه سایر خدمات آموزشی و مشاوره ای آنلاین مانند آموزش مجازی با کلاس درس و کلاس کنکور، برنامه ریزی درسی، تخمین رتبه کنکور، مشاوره هوشمند ارتقای رتبه، انتخاب رشته، محاسبه درصد و غیره همواره ابزار مفیدی برای داوطلبان کنکور، دانش آموزان و مشاوران بوده است.
تماس با ما
تهران-صندوق پستی 14155-7555 موسسه آموزشی فرهنگی گزینه دولمباردی در مسابقات ملی کمک های اولیه صلیب سرخ ایتالیا در سال 2023 پیروز شد
مسابقات ملی کمک های اولیه CRI: چالش داوطلبان در 17 شبیه سازی اضطراری
در محیط زیبای روستای قرون وسطایی Caserta Vecchia، بیست و هشتمین نسخه صلیب سرخ ایتالیایی ملی کمک های اولیه مسابقات برگزار شد. این رویداد یک فرصت فوقالعاده برای صدها داوطلب از همه گوشههای ایتالیا بود که در شبیهسازی موقعیتهای اضطراری به منظور اطمینان از نجات سریع و موثر به رقابت پرداختند.
آخر هفته مسابقات از روز جمعه با رژه مجلل تیم ها و مراسم افتتاحیه آغاز شد. داوطلبان که با افتخار یونیفورم قرمز خود را پوشیده بودند، از میدان کاخ سلطنتی کازرتا به سمت حیاط داخلی رژه رفتند و ساختمان باشکوه بوربن را به دریایی از قرمز تبدیل کردند.
در این مسابقات 17 تیم منطقه ای برای کسب عنوان با هم رقابت کردند و هیئت داوران مهارت های فردی و تیمی، سازماندهی کاری و آمادگی آنها را در هر دور ارزیابی کردند. در نهایت مجموع نمرات انباشته شده در وظایف مختلف رتبه بندی نهایی را تعیین کرد.
سکوی مسابقات ملی کمک های اولیه 2023 تحت سلطه لمباردی بود که مقام اول را به خود اختصاص داد و پس از آن پیمونت در مقام دوم و مارکه در مقام سوم قرار گرفتند. در مراسم اهدای جوایز، نمایندگان مهم صلیب سرخ ایتالیا، از جمله رئیس کمیته منطقه ای CRI کامپانیا، استفانو تانگردی، و کمیته CRI کازرتا، ترزا ناتاله، شرکت کردند. همچنین نماینده فنی ملی برای سلامت، ریکاردو جودیچی، و مشاور ملی، آنتونینو کالوانو، که از تلاشهای برگزارکنندگان برای موفقیت این رویداد تمجید کردند، حضور داشتند.
آنتونینو کالوانو بر اهمیت مسابقات ملی به عنوان لحظه ای از رویارویی سالم و تمرین بالا برای داوطلبان تاکید کرد. وی تاکید کرد که چنین مسابقاتی امکان تکمیل تکنیک های کمک های اولیه و شناسایی مناطقی را که در آنها بهبود می یابد، به منظور پاسخگویی موثرتر به شرایط اضطراری در سراسر ایتالیا امکان پذیر می کند.
در نهایت، کالوانو می خواست از همه داوطلبان و اپراتورهای صلیب سرخ که در شرایط دشوار کار می کنند تشکر کند و نشان دهد که سازمان دائماً در کنار افراد آسیب پذیر است. مسابقات ملی کمک های اولیه 2023 ارزش آموزش و تعهد داوطلبان صلیب سرخ ایتالیا را در نجات جان و ارائه کمک در شرایط اضطراری برجسته کرد.A large British study in JAMA Internal Medicine suggests that drinking coffee might prolong your life, but a subtle finding in the data has made F. Perry Wilson, MD, skeptical about all research that suggests a coffee-related benefit. He explains the problem in this 150-Second Analysis.
Another day, another study extolling the virtues of coffee, this one suggesting that the dark, delicious drink protects against all-cause mortality. But there may not be as much joy in Mudville as it appears at first glance.
The study used a dataset called the UK Biobank and included 486,477 individuals. At baseline, they were asked about their coffee drinking habits and they were followed for a median of 7 years. The cool part about this study was that the participants had genetic testing done at baseline – this will become important in a moment.
You can see the results here. Compared with non-drinkers, coffee drinkers had a lower risk of death. In fact, there was a bit of a dose-response effect here – with more coffee being more protective. Cheers.
But there's a bit of a problem in this study -- something that, frankly, makes me skeptical about other coffee studies too.
Remember how they had genetic data on these participants? The researchers used the genetics to determine how fast they could metabolize caffeine.
Go with me on
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8,441 | 1 | 2 |
759 years old! Is the Midrash to be taken literally?
Perhaps. On the other hand, the donkey is the symbol of
gashmius-physicality-and a lifestyle devoid of spirituality. The word
"chamor" comes from the word "chomer," which means "ingredient," and
therefore symbolizes the physical world, and Egypt as well, for that
The struggle of man is to master physicality, to harness its power to
facilitate the goals of the soul. For many, it is just the opposite: the
soul is the slave of the body. From a Torah perspective, that lifestyle is
exile of the worse type. Redemption, on the other hand, is breaking away
from such a lifestyle and working on achieving spiritual goals. Maybe
that's the donkey that all the redeemers have been riding.
In order for Avraham to sacrifice his beloved son, he had to place more
emphasis on spiritual goals than physical ones. This was brought out by his
willingness to sacrifice his physical son for a spiritual G-d. Likewise,
Moshe, in order to free the Jewish people from the clutches of the nation
of physicality, had to first be above its power, and this was symbolized by
his riding the chamor and acting as its master.
Similarly, the Moshiach will also possess the same ability to be unaffected
by the pull of gashmius, in order to bring an end to a culture that is, for
the most part, built from a drive for physical comfort.Si chiama Adalberto Nunes Da Silva, meglio conosciuto come Betao. Il nuovo colpo del Patron Pietropaoli per la Real Rieti. Brasiliano classe 1978 è probabilmente uno dei pivot più forti della storia del Futsal. Le sue prime parole fanno sognare: “Il mio obiettivo primario è sempre quello di vincere il titolo, sicuramente non sarà facile perché ci sono grandi squadre ma anche noi lo siamo”. Un giocatore di esperienza e con un palmares importante. La sua migliore parentesi è probabilmente nella compagine galiziana del Santiago Futsal, 129 goal in 133 partite. Conquistando anche in quel quadriennio 4 ori con i verdeoro: Mondiali, Copa América, Giochi Pan Americani e campionati sudamericani. Con le sue squadre di club l’arcigno pivot (181 cm per 93 kg) ha conquistato 3 campionati brasiliani, una Taça Brasil de Futsal, tre campionati spagnoli, una Supercoppa, due Coppe Uefa una Coppa delle Coppe e una Supercoppa Intercontinentale. In Italia ha vinto solo una Coppa nazionale con il Pescara dove ha giganteggiato assieme a Nicolodi nella stagione 2015-2016. Il calciatore arriva dalla Luparense, e rappresenta finora il più grande colpo dell’attuale sessione di calciomercato invernale.# Exam will cover Heilbroner & Milberg, ch. 3 - 6 & class material since last quiz.
# You will be asked to define some or all of these framework terms:
# Aristotle's six forms of government;
# 10 major sectors of any economy, past or present;
# capitalism, socialism, communism;
# bourgeoisie (urban/rural), proletariat (urban/rural);
Most of the exam will consist of mini-essay questions drawn mainly
from the questions below. You will not have to answer all
of these questions: you will be able to select from this list. The issues below are drawn from Heilbroner's text and from class
HEILBRONER, CHAPTER 3
# The major events that transformed Western Europe from manorialism to market society.
# The connection between Calvinism and the rise of capitalism.
# What caused the breakdown of European manorialism between 1200
# Discuss the enclosure movement in England between 1400 and 1900?
# Discuss Adam Smith's pinmaker? Main lessons?
# Discuss the major reasons the Industrial Revolution began first in Great Britain.
# What is capital? Why is it important? Relationship to productivity and a country's wealth?
# What is productivity?
# What is the key to making human labor vastly more productive?
# You are an advisor to the president of a poor third-world country.
Over 90 % of the population are poor subsistence farmers
with primitive farm tools. The president seeks your advice on what he must do to greatly increase his country's wealth. Briefly,
what would you urge him to do?
# What is the relationship between savings and investment?
# Why do poor countries usually have a very low economic growth rate?
CHAPTER 5 & RECENT CLASS NOTES
# What was the Industrial Revolution?
# Discuss one of the most important inventions of the Industrial
Revolution, namely the steam engine. Discuss its evolution from
Heron of Alexandria, through Newcomen and Watt to Oliver Evans. How did steam engines revolutionize the 19th century?
# Discuss the early industrial revolution in the U.S., namely the evolution of the early textile industry between 1790 and 1825?
# Between 1800 and 1900, the United States underwent an enormous
transformation, from an agrarian society of mainly small
farms and small shops to an industrial society dominated by large corporations. Discuss a few major factors that played an
important role in triggering this transformation.
# Discuss Henry Ford's major contribution to methods of manufacturing.
# Briefly discuss the life of Andrew Carnegie?
# Briefly discuss the life of John D. Rockefeller?;
# What motivated the wave of business mergers from 1896-1910? Was
there something about the character of late 19th
century manufacturing companies that made such mergers necessary?
CHAPTER 6 AND CLASS NOTES
# Discuss at least three major causes of the Great Depression.
# According to the British economist John Maynard Keynes, what was
the most vulnerable
sector of the American economy in 1929, a sector whose nearly total collapse brought about the prolonged Depression of the
# Discuss the Market Revolution in the U.S. How did the life of a
typical farmer in western NY state change between 1800
and 1840? How did life of typical urban craftsman change over the same period?Country Profile: Latvia
Area: 64,589 km2
Latvia is located in the Baltic region on Northern Europe, with and an annual GDP of about 30bn EUR and a rather urban population.
% of the H&C sector in the final energy consumption: 61,1%
% of renewables in the H&C sector: 55,9%
% of bioheat within renewables in the H&C sector: 100%
Biomass for heating in Latvia
Latvia has a share of renewable energy of 41%, well above the EU average. This is partially explained by the high contribution of bioenergy.
Although Latvia has one of the highest shares of renewables in the heating and cooling sector in the EU, its overall existing heating stock (including all technologies) is not particularly updated in contrast with the European average.
There is a carbon tax in place since 2004 (8,7EUR in 2020). The country aims to increase the share of renewable energy in heating and cooling to 57% by 2030 through promoting the use of renewables in industry and in district heating, and local and individual cooling systems, with particular attention to zero-emission technologies.
Specific measures concern the upgrade of the existing district heating infrastructure for the use of cooling and the use of renewable energy in centralised cooling to ensure more efficient use of the heating system and technologies used.
An investment of 1.6 million is planned for energy efficiency and deployment of renewables in district heating and cooling.
Latvia presented its National Air Pollution Control Programme with an emission reduction target of 16% for PM2,5 for the period 2020-2029 in comparison with 2005 and 43% from 2030.
- Integrated National Energy and Climate Plan for Latvia (LV – EN)
- National Air Pollution Control Programme (LV – EN)
To see all initiatives carried by our partners in this country, go back to our map of initiatives and select the country for which you would like to get more information.StarCitizen视频显示太空船爆炸亿宝下载壮观
沙滩帽 2019-09-17 22:099996亿宝下载亿宝下载
根据一项古老的科学研究，宇宙飞船的可怕性可以通过爆炸的惊人程度来衡量。鉴于StarCitizen作为开发亿宝下载中最雄心勃勃的太空模拟器的地位，它需要观察这个广泛存在的真相从上面的视频判断，它确实如此。
上面的剪辑是一小段最近的更长的时间StarCitizen展示视频.RSI爆炸专家MatthewIntrieri通过这个场景与我们交谈，指出爆炸不仅仅是对受损太空船的影响-它们实际上是动态事件。
.
“我们正在将这些影响系统化，”Intrieri说。我们将通过船上的组件来激发这些影响。从字面上看，我们在视频中看到的是电子反馈，小爆炸，然后等待，然后是kaboom！“
确实是一个kaboom。ShaunPrescottShaun是PCGamer的澳大利亚编辑/p>Does the study of evolution have practical benefits for science or medicine?
Here's a podcast by Casey Luskin, one of the evil Discos, on whether the study of evolution has any practical benefits for science:
Does evolution have any practical benefits for science? In this episode of ID the Future, Casey Luskin reveals that the answer, surprisingly, is no. Listen as Luskin discusses past biological discoveries, reviews recent surveys of biologists, and quotes several scientists, including noted Professor of Biology and intelligent design critic Jerry Coyne. All three sources agree: the theory of evolution has yielded few practical benefits for scientific discovery.Actually, that's not really very surprising.
The study of evolution is the study of - to use the vernacular - what used to was and ain't no more. It is necessarily heavy on speculation and interpretation. That's okay, as long as it doesn't become a cult.
Fast forward to Darwinism, which - unfortunately - has become a cult, big time.
Plus, I have been meaning to post this for months - Catriona J MacCallum (PLOS Biology, April 2007 Volume 5 Issue 4 e112) argues for the alleged importance of evolution in medicine. She complains,
One reason that evolution doesn’t figure prominently in the medical community is that although it makes sense to have evolution taught as part of medicine, that doesn’t make it essential. ... , medicine is primarily focused on problem-solving and proximate causation, and ultimate explanations can seem irrelevant to clinical practice. Crudely put, does a mechanic need to understand the origins, history, and technological advances that have gone into the modern motor vehicle in order to fix it?Crudely put, medicine is about saving lives and limbs today in the real world.
MacCallum thinks that evolution can help us understand epidemics, and this may be so if we mean the evolution of bacteria in a test tube. Not that bacteria evolve much, if you go by Edge of Evolution, except that they tend to junk intricate machinery under stress.
Apart from that, consider the example of heart attacks: What if the lemur-like creature from which humans are said to descend never had heart attacks? What if it usually did, under stress? How does such information help the medical interne whose patient presents with cardiac arrest? Whatever the interne decides to do must work in half a minute, not half a billion years.
Yes, evolution is very interesting - like any other type of ancient history - but no, it is not essential. I think it should definitely be studied, along with the cave paintings, ancient Egypt and theories about the origin of life and the universe and all that. But the burden of pretending that evolution is useful in a concrete way is tiresome and surely avoidable.
Find out why there is an intelligent design controversy:德国电厂通过3D打印涡轮机组件节省了数百万美金
德国柏林附近的热电厂率先使用3D打印零件，并且迄今为止，效果卓著！
一年多前，由瑞典电力企业Vattenfall经营的柏林Mitte电厂通过在GE天然气涡轮机中使用3D打印的第一级隔热罩和第一级叶片，开始将3D打印技术整合到其过程中。3D打印部件不仅比标准部件制造更高效，而且已被证明更有效，从而节省了数百万美金。
3D打印的零件，使GE天然气涡轮机运转更顺利，使用燃料更少，每个重约4.5公斤，大约是笔记本电脑的大小，使它们成为用于商业操作的燃气轮机3D打印组件的一部分。
GE电力企业燃气轮机电子商务产品线的负责人沃尔夫冈·穆勒（WolfgangMuller）说明了3D打印零件的重要性，他说：“通常认为3D打印非常小的复杂部件。大家现在证明，实际上，你可以商业化制造大型涡轮机。“
那么3D打印组件有哪些优势区别于传统制造？传统的涡轮部件被加热到1000摄氏度，需要通过空气不断地冷却。约400至500摄氏度的冷却空气由机器通过切入涡轮机部件中的通道吹送。虽然冷却过程是必要的，但是它也使得涡轮机在效率上稍微降低。
然而，使用3D打印，传统上铸造的涡轮机部件可以被特别地设计成集成复杂的通道和路径，这有助于更有效地冷却部件。Muller告诉大家，具有全部或大部分3D打印热屏蔽的涡轮机可以将冷却流量减少超过40％，从而大大降低冷却成本，甚至达到数百万美金。
此外，值得注意的是，涡轮机的3D打印的第一级叶片，涡轮机最热的部件之一，已将必要的冷却空气减少了15％。虽然百分比看起来比防热罩要低得多，但每年仍然节省约300万美金。
当然，柏林Mitte发电厂作为欧洲最现代化的发电厂之一，是行业领先者，因为许多发电厂仍然继续使用传统的铸造涡轮机部件运行。Muller认识到使用3D打印的工业设计师和使用铸造的工业设计师之间存在的差距，希翼尽快将双方合并。
随着节约资本的实现，希翼更多的发电厂同Mitte电厂一样，使用3D打印，因为它提供了成本和燃料效率更高的工作方式。
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12月4日消息，近日，外媒披露了OpenAI首席执行官萨姆·奥特曼(Sam Altman)认为与埃隆·马斯克(Elon Musk)产生不和的原因：“人们的目标方向越接近，就越容易有分歧。”
两人曾共进晚餐，也曾同台讲话。他们合作创立OpenAI要追溯到2015年马斯克庆祝自己44岁生日的派对上。当时马斯克和多年好友、时任谷歌首席执行官的拉里·佩奇(Larry Page)就人工智能发展前景吵了起来。佩奇认为，人类最终将与人工智能机器融合。有一天将会有许多种智能争夺资源，而最好的将会获胜。
马斯克说，如果发生这种情况，我们就完蛋了。机器会毁灭人类。最后佩奇称马斯克为“物种专家”，说比起未来的数字生命形式马斯克更喜欢人类。
马斯克后来说，那次的侮辱是压垮二人友谊的“最后一根稻草”。
派对结束后不久，马斯克和佩奇就不再来往。几周后，马斯克在硅谷豪华酒店门洛帕克瑰丽酒店与当时正在经营一家科技孵化器的奥特曼，以及几名研究人员共进晚餐。当时谷歌刚刚收购总部位于伦敦的神经网络初创公司DeepMind，这使其成为最有可能开发出通用人工智能的公司。
为了对抗谷歌在人工智能领域的主导地位，晚宴上两人和其他人一起讨论建立一个透明开源的人工智能实验室，并致力于推广先进人工智能，让更多人受益。马斯克和彼得·蒂尔（Peter Thiel）、里德·霍夫曼（Reid Hoffman）等前Paypal成员共同投资了几百万美元，让这座人工智能实验室运转起来，承诺保护世界不受佩奇愿景的影响。
凭借ChatGPT聊天机器人，OpenAI从根本上改变了科技行业，并向全世界介绍了人工智能的风险和潜力。不过马斯克和奥尔特曼的合作没有成功。两人已经分道扬镳。
“存在分歧、不信任和自负，”奥特曼说。“人们的目标方向越接近，分歧就越有争议……最亲密的人之间也会有激烈的斗争。”
当谷歌用人工智能系统Go的噱头震惊科技界时，马斯克迫切希望OpenAI能够创造出一些能够吸引世界想象力的东西，缩小与谷歌的差距。
据四名知情人士透露，2017年底马斯克策划从奥特曼
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现在你认为他们认为什么呢?””木星在第一和吞咽困难。
好吧,先生……好吧。只是冷静下来。”他他便挺直了。”道歉接受,”他说,甚至though-technically-his游客没有投标。”所以,”LaForge探测”的事情发生了。你已经……呃,别的地方。那么现在你认为他们认为什么呢?””木星在第一和吞咽困难。看到皮特没有得到首席是什么意思,鲍勃脱口而出:”他们认为我们找到了线索,把它从主干先生之前,我们把它卖了。马克西米利安!他们认为我们——我们还有这么多钱的线索!”””嘿!”皮特表示反对。”
我的妈妈和爸爸。“哦。“玫瑰盯着她,风中凌乱。‘好吧。也许不是好的。”这将允许您只在提交的确切文件中检查问题。然而，如果交互式地输入提交消息并且钩子失败，事务将回滚；在修复尾随的空白空间并再次运行hg提交之后，必须重新输入提交消息。在这个例子中，我们介绍一个简单的prexncommit钩子，用于检查尾随的空格。这个钩子短，但不是很有用。如果更改向任何文件添加了带有尾随空白的行，则它将以错误状态退出，但不打印任何可能帮助我们识别有问题的文件或行的信息。
女人瞪着他。”我们看到他立即很重要,”他阐述了,明显的回来。”我们从法国来。””女人的表情表明她没有印象。”你有蜡在你的耳朵吗?”她问。”我告诉你他很忙,先生。看着她流血的衣服，他补充道，"那气味会使他们陷入疯狂。”你“很可能是对的，"Dusque在一些考虑之后就同意了。她看着他躺在一块地布上了一点无菌的田地，拿出绷带和一些刺激的小白菜。
她的随身物品和Tendau的东西都回到了艾丽酒店(HotelAerie)，就在城外。“我的东西呢？”她问。她知道这是个愚蠢的问题，但专注于世俗是在帮助她应付。我对那条不听话的狗摇了摇手指。不要吃我的食物，否则我们就不能成为朋友了。他说了一句话。“我想你最好在他决定和你一起回家之前走，史密蒂说。This article discusses the potential benefits of Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence for the education industry in 2021. Get to know why ML and AI are the future of education from different credible sources!
Education in 2020-2021
Last year, Niall MacCarthy, a data journalist at Statista, spoke about the global impact of pandemics on education. He stated that about a billion people were deprived of normal education processes. UNESCO (an American organization that promotes peace and security in the world through means of education, science, and cultural and mutual human cooperation) counted about 1.3 billion students or 80% of learners globally that were not able to attend their educational institutions in Spring 2020.
The situation eased a bit in September 2020, but many learners still couldn’t attend their traditional daily classes. Almost 50% of the world’s educational institutions were still hit by closures. The only way to get educated in the midst of pandemics and lockdowns was to engage in online learning. But the education sector wasn’t prepared much. So, there was a strong need to develop better education practices and advance e-learning altogether.
Today UNESCO monitors 28 countries with closed educational institutions. 12.7% of students or more than 2 billion learners still are affected by the pandemics.
Despite being obliged to study online, students can experience the advancement of the learning processes by means of technology. Thus, classroom learning with all of its drawbacks is revolutionized by making it online and supporting with machine learning and artificial intelligence.
According to The New York Times,
…people have tried to re-engineer learning with artificial intelligence, but it was not until the machine-learning revolution … that real progress has been made. Slowly, algorithms are making their way into classrooms, taking over repetitive tasks like grading, optimizing coursework to fit individual student needs.
Thus, let’s discuss machine learning in the education industry and its benefits.
Machine Learning is a part of artificial intelligence that is powered by algorithms. In the other words, ML helps a machine that is given a task, to accumulate data, learn from this data and improve results within time. Using an algorithmic approach, ML is able to make valuable decisions and predictions that are improved with experience. Thus, ML is used in various industries to improve and enhance the smartest expectations of every sector. And the education sector is not excluded here. The global market for AI and ML in education is estimated to increase significantly up to 2023.
Benefits of machine learning in education are:
1. Improved E-learning through Feedback. In any online course created by educators, there is a possibility for students to leave their feedback. Personal opinions on the course excellence and material enhancement can be really helpful in managing student performance and activity. So, basically, AI and ML interpret the received feedback, learns on possible repetitions, and notifies the educator immediately. Isn’t it a perfect way to know what works in your course and what isn’t working the way it should?
2. Efficient Organization and Personalized Learning Experience. With the help of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and a cloud-based Learning management system (LMS), any educational process can be personalized to every student’s need. Teachers can give students tasks and monitor their understanding of concepts, test different learning approaches, and find one with the best possible learning results. The times when one learning curriculum suited every student without exception have long gone. Students are individuals with different learning perceptions and paces. Thus, ML and AI learn from the data and help in giving feedback to teachers. This allows educators to set up better e-learning practices for their students as well as organize them logically.
3. Predictions of future career paths. Applying machine learning in education helps in analyzing students’ performance and capabilities. To add, with the help of algorithms it is easy to understand what are the students’ strengths and weaknesses. For example, let’s take a college student application and analyze performance, teacher feedback, and best results. This way, the student will become aware of what he’s/she’s great in and what’s not. Thus, AI and ML will process student progress and suggest the most effective career path based on the level of subject completion. And, that might be a successful insight for a future career choice.
4. Grading without bias and stereotyping. Sometimes, at schools teachers practice grading students based on their mood, personal preferences, prejudices, and non-common logic. For this reason, the benefit of ML/AI is in the inability of a machine to be biased and stereotype students. With no specific attitudes, students can get a clear picture of how they are proceeding in their studies. Here, ML and AI will not just process all the grade-related data, but also suggest grades for students. If the teacher isn’t going to be involved, this will add to student equality.
5. Digitizing learning textbooks. With the help of AI and ML, paperback textbooks can be transformed into online sources like digital books, videos, forums, and scientific articles. What’s more, the algorithm may show you similar results based on the topic you’re studying or the material you are trying to find. It is quite handy when there’re numerous sources and ML/AI gives you the list of the most specific ones you need. This benefit is especially convenient in e-learning environments, where the teacher gives only the task and the research falls on the student’s shoulders.
Nowadays more and more schools, colleges, and universities try to adjust to the technological part of studies. David Greene, a president of Colby College, which is implementing AI and ML technologies into its curriculum, has shared some of his thoughts about ML and AI improving the process of education:
… in future it is absolutely ubiquitous in higher education, because of the way that it is shaping all of our interactions, whether we’re online or the way that we’re gathering information today, or the way that companies are actually marketing to us on a daily basis. If you’re an English scholar, or you’re in sociology, you’re interested in immigration patterns around the world, you’re probably going to be using machine learning to really look at those in a deep way. If you’re interested in being able to look at the textual analysis across millions of volumes, you’re going to need machine learning to be able to do that. And I think it’s important for us to get out ahead of this because in 10 years if you are not in AI in a big way, for most colleges and universities it’s going to be very hard to be relevant.
So, in 10 years ML and AI will be inseparable from education and it will be hard for those, who are not taking small steps in this direction. But, the ones, who understand the potential benefits in education are IBM Corporation (US), Microsoft Corporation (US), Google (US), Amazon.com, Inc., (US), Cognizant (US), Pearson (UK), Bridge-U (UK), DreamBox Learning (US), Fishtree (US), Jellynote (France), Jenzabar, Inc., (US).
Expand your knowledge on the topic, learn more about machine learning outsourcing!
To conclude, machine learning in the education sector is one of the most needed technologies to be implemented. With the help of artificial intelligence and machine learning, education can transform to a new level, where:
- the grading system is fair and transparent
- teachers understand what has to be taught and how
- teachers know what methods work for each particular student
- courses are flexible and can predict the students’ career path
- sources are uploaded and offered based on the researched topic
The benefits are extensive and in 10 years from now, every institution or business ignoring ML implementation will fall behind. Don’t be among them, implement machine learning in your education course or platform, or business idea today. Choose our machine learning services to succeed.- PREVIOUS
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December 2021
跨越国家流传的“能”
金刚流能乐师种田道一先生于2018年作为文化交流使，在美国、法国、西班牙、意大利、匈牙利举办的研讨会上教授能乐。种田先生讲述了该体验。
能是日本代表性的古典艺术之一，是一部戴着面具和美丽服装演绎的歌舞剧。配合日本传统乐器和歌谣的声乐，演员一边说着台词，一边用舞蹈和动作来演绎故事。
能的五个流派*之一金刚流是唯一一个在京都设立据点的流派。种田道一先生继承执掌金刚流的家族。
根据种田的说法，“能14世纪成立后约650年，一次也没有中断继承，是现存的‘世界最古老’的舞台艺术。可以认为这是被各个时代的统治者保护的结果。但是，并不是能乐师依附当时的掌权者，阿谀奉承投其所好。简单地说，就是因为能具有某种“治愈”效果。在能剧中所演绎的亲子关系、师徒关系等多方面的人际关系的表现，与现代社会也有很多相通之处，不仅仅可以表达现过去的故事。这是因为归属于能剧中对人类真实面貌的洞察力吧。正因为如此，日本文化中能乐首个被联合国教科文组织指定**为无形文化遗产”。
种田先于2018年以文化交流使的身份访问了美国、法国、西班牙、意大利和匈牙利。通常，能共扮演了20名左右的角色(参照照片)，但能作为文化交流使能演出的只有种田一人，所以要像平常一样表演能就很困难。种田表示，“因此，这次的舞台剧采用只有一个人表演的内容，我决定尽可能地用身体来表演，并向大家展示。另外，我也考虑到不仅让参加者观看，也可以用自己的身体去体验。在外务省和国际交流基金会的各位的帮助下，为能标注日语歌词相近的发音，用各国语言制作了发音卡，让大家一起唱曲调，配合曲调，我表演舞蹈”。
除此之外，种田还带了25把自己所有的扇子。在能的表演中，扇子是表示心象、风景或事物的道具。在研讨会上，让当地的参加者每个人都拿着扇子，通过对扇子的使用方法和动作的指导，感受各个动作的意义，让观众亲身体验能。
种田表示感到印象最深的是在西班牙巴塞罗那的研讨会结束后。他说：“面向戏剧学习者的研讨会结束后，有一个人说‘能是silencio(西班牙语中表示‘寂静’的意思)。虽然没有特别教给他们安静的动作，但是我觉得那个人掌握了能的本质。”
14世纪下半叶完成能乐的世阿弥在自己的著作《花镜》中写道：“能中最重要的是幽玄的姿态。”即使演鬼，也会美丽而安静地跳舞。
种田先生说：“silencio和幽玄为同根。在短短一周的研讨会上能感受到这一点的悟性之高令人钦佩。”
即使是日本人，也很难真正理解能的核心，种田自己作为文化交流使周游各国，感受到了外国人对日本传统艺术所表达的深厚情感。种田先生说亲身感受到“艺术无国界”，同时也更加领悟到能所拥有的可能性。
* 主角流派的数量
** “能乐”与“人形净琉璃文乐”、“歌舞伎”一起于2008年被联合国教科文组织列入非物质文化遗产。
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Kalp sözcüğü ne zaman bir teşhisin içinde geçerse ürkütücüdür. Ne de olsa kalp yaşamı devam ettiren bir organdır, herhangi bir bozukluk ihtimali korkutucudur
"Doktorum bebeğimin kalbinde üfürüm olduğunu, ama önemli olmadığını söylüyor. Yine de ürkütücü."
Kalp sözcüğü ne zaman bir teşhisin içinde geçerse ürkütücüdür. Ne de olsa kalp yaşamı devam ettiren bir organdır, herhangi bir bozukluk ihtimali korkutucudur, özellikle de daha yaşama yeni başlayan bir bebeğin anne-babası için. Ancak bir kalp üfürümü söz konusu olduğunda, vakaların çok büyük bir kısmında gerçekten de üzülecek bir şey yoktur.
Doktor bebeğinizin kalbinde üfürüm olduğunu söylediği zaman, bu, muayene sırasında kanın kalp içinde akarken oluşturduğu türbülanstan kaynaklanan anormal sesler duyduğu anlamına gelir. Doktor ne tür bir anormalliğin üfürüme yol açtığını, seslerin yüksekliğine (zorlukla duyulabildiği gibi normal kalp seslerini örtebilecek şiddette de olabilir), duyuldukları noktaya, tipine (müzikal ya da titreşimli, titreşen yayın çıkardığına benzer bir ses, ya da yuvarlanma sesi gibi) dayanarak çoğu kez söyleyebilir.
Genellikle muhtemelen sizin bebeğinizde olduğu gibi üfürüm gelişmekte olan kalbin düzensiz şeklinden kaynaklanmaktadır. Bu tür bir üfürüm "masum" ya da "fonksiyonel" olarak adlandırılır ve çoğu kez doktorunuzun stetoskop ile yaptığı basit bir incelemeyle teşhis edilebilir. İleri testlere, tedaviye ya da aktivite kısıtlamasına gerek yoktur. Üfürümün duyulduğu bebeğinizin sağlık kayıtlarında yer alacaktır, böylece daha sonraki tarihlerde bebeğinizi muayene eden doktorlar böyle bir üfürümün hep olduğunu bilecektir. Sıklıkla kalp gelişimini bütünüyle tamamladığında üfürüm de kaybolur.
Ancak takip altına alınması gereken kalp üfürümleri de vardır. Bazıları kendiliğinden iyileşir, ancak bazıları da tıbbi ya da cerrahi tedavi gerektirebilir ve daha da kötüleşebilir. Eğer bebeğinizdeki üfürüm bir problem ise, doktorunuz bunu size söyleyecek ve tedavi önerecektir. Birçok durumda üfürümleri olan çocuklar normal aktivitelerini sürdürebilirler - ve sürdürmelidirler- . Bunun istisnası iyi gelişmeyen, ya da egzersiz sırasında nefesi daralan veya moraran çocuklardır.
Kim ne derse desin endişeniz devam ediyorsa, bebeğin doktoruna üfürümün tipinin tam olarak ne olduğunu ve şimdi ya da ileride problemlere yol açıp açmayacağını sorabilirsiniz. Eğer aldığınız cevaplar tatminkâr değilse konsültasyon için bebeğinizin bir çocuk kardiyologuna sevk edilmesini isteyebilirsiniz.
Dr. Sıtkı Evrenkaya- Listed: 29 Ocak 2019 17:35
Escort İlan Açıklaması
Bosnalı Sırp Ordusunda eski bir general olan ve 1995 Srebrenica katliamı nedeniyle soykırımdan suçlu bulunan ilk kişi olan Radislav Krstic, 7 Mayıs’ta Batı Yorkshire’daki Wakefield Hapishanesinde saldırıya uğradı.
29 yaşındaki Indrit Krasniki, 29 yaşındaki Halid Khalid ve 29 yaşındaki Quam Ogumbiyi, Pazartesi günü kısa bir savunma ve dava yönetimi duruşması için Leeds Crown Court’ta göründüklerinde ağır bedensel zarar verme niyetiyle cinayet ve yaralama suçlamalarıyla karşı karşıya kaldılar.
Krasniqi ve Khalid, her iki suçlamadan da video bağlantısıyla görününce suçlamada bulunmamışlardı, ancak Ogumbiyi görünmedi ve henüz hoş karşılanmadı.
Adamların gelecek yılın başlarında yargılanması bekleniyor.
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使用吊篮进行外墙清洗是一项高风险的工作，需要注意以下几个事项：
1. 确保安-全：在进行外墙清洗时，安-全是重要的。在使用前，须检查吊篮的稳定性和安-全性，确保其能够承受清洗人员和清洗设备的质量和重量。同时，清洗人员须佩戴好安-全带和其他必要的装备。
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women in one experiment, ScienceDaily reported3- پارامترهای شیمیایی کیفیت آب
آب بعنوان یک حلال عمومی شناخته شده است و کیفیت شیمیایی آب نیز در ارتباط مستقیم با حلالیت آن می باشد. متغیرهای مهم در مسائل مربوط به کنترل کیفی آب شامل: کل مواد جامد محلول، قلیائیت، سختی، فلوراید، فلزات سنگین (غیر سمی و سمی)، مواد آلی (قابل تجزیه و غیر قابل تجزیه)، مواد مغذی، چرخه کربن، نیتروژن و فسفر می باشند.
1-3 مقدار کل جامدات محلول (Total dissolved solids: TDS)
مواد محلول از طریق تاثیر آب بر جامدات، مایعات و گازها بوجود می آیند. این مواد با فیلتر کردن، از جدا آب و تصفیه نمی شوند و فقط پس از تبخیر آب، بعنوان جزئی از مواد جامد آن به صورت رسوب باقی می مانند. مواد محلول آب، از نظر ماهوی ممکن است مشتمل بر مواد آلی و یا عمدتاً معدنی باشند. همانگونه که ذکر شد، اندازه گیری مستقیم مقدار کل جامدات محلول آب، پس از جداسازی مواد جامد معلق، به کمک تبخیر آب و وزن کردن آنها امکان پذیر است. وزن رسوب باقیمانده، بیانگر مقدار کل جامدات محلول می باشد.Location: Dairy Forage ResearchTitle: Grazing management effects on pasture productivity – timing of grazing Author
Submitted to: Forage Focus
Publication Type: Popular Publication
Publication Acceptance Date: 4/29/2013
Publication Date: 5/8/2013
Citation: Brink, G.E., Jackson, R.D. 2013. Grazing management effects on pasture productivity – timing of grazing. Forage Focus. 8:15-16. Interpretive Summary:
Technical Abstract: What is the potential impact of more frequent grazing during particular times of the year? A range of grazing management systems was implemented at the U.S. Dairy Forage Research Center at Prairie du Sac, Wisconsin, on 1.0 acre paddocks of meadow fescue, orchardgrass, quackgrass, and reed canarygrass. Within each paddock, we determined how timing of grazing (spring, summer, and fall) affects grass growth. In this experiment, grasses were grazed when they reached a 6-, 12-, or 18-inch height to a 3-inch residue in the spring (early to late May), summer (early to late July), or fall (late August to late September). Grasses were grazed at a 12-inch height to a 3-inch residue during the remainder of the season. Yield was measured before each grazing event, and tillers were counted at the end of the treatment period. Maximum annual yield was obtained when grasses were grazed at 18 inches in the spring (a situation similar to making hay) although tiller density was reduced compared to grazing at 12 inches throughout the season. Grazing when grasses reached 6 inches in height in the spring (a situation similar to setting the grazing wedge) reduced annual yield 20% compared to grazing at 12 inches during the whole season. Only meadow fescue tiller density was negatively affected by grazing at 6 inches during the spring. Grazing when grasses reached 6 inches in height in the summer (a situation similar to grazing drought-stressed pastures) reduced annual yield 10% compared to grazing at 12 inches throughout the season. Grazing when grasses reached 6 inches in the fall did not influence annual yield the following year, but a 3-inch residue height was always maintained. Vegetative-stage grasses are at greater risk of damage from inappropriate grazing management than mature grass, and grass under stress (moisture, fertility) is at greater risk of damage from poor grazing management than those that are not.How Tribal Women of Odisha Have Made Farming Organic, Profitable & Life-Changing | Read the full article and view more images >>
Basudev Mahapatra, Thebetterindia.com, July 13, 2017
Tribal communities in Sundargarh district of Odisha have revived the traditional practice of growing food without the help of chemical fertilisers and made it viable economically by making pragmatic changes. Basudev Mahapatra takes a closer look.
Nirmala Barla (40), a passionate farmer of Sundargarh district’s Brahmanamara village, is a proud woman because she feeds her family with a variety of safely grown food, and not just cereals grown by using lots of chemical fertilisers that are available in the market. In her 14 acres of land, both upland and relatively plain, she grows rice, millet and vegetables without using any inorganic fertilisers. After meeting consumption needs of the family, she is also able to earn a bit by selling the surplus farm produce. […]
From individual to collective farming
Now the women folk of these tribal communities do not keep themselves limited to individual farm activities in their own lands only. They have now formed groups comprising landholders and landless poor and taken up patches of land on lease to grow variety of nutrition-rich food crops including millets, pulses and vegetables.
This model is developed in line with the traditional tribal system of Panch, where a team of tribal males from the households work together for terracing, bounding and leveling the sloped land in the hilly terrain to make them farming-ready and building small water-harvesting structures for limited irrigation.
One of the best features of these collective models of women farmers is that even the landless poor member of the group has equal share of the harvest. So this concept has got wide acceptance and, as of now, 48 women farmers’ collectives operate in different villages.
The group of eight woman farmers from Oram tribal community of Budajharan village, named Oliva Women Farmers’ Collective, has received several accolades for growing about 12 crops including brinjal, chilly, onion, tomato, cow-pea, watermelon, beans, bitter-gourd, ladies finger, sunflower, pumpkin and leafy-vegetables, in one season by dedicating one row for each crop.
These groups are affiliated to the larger front of tribal communities called Athakoshia Adivasi Ekta Manch, which fights for their rights on forest land and the commons to expand the area under organic farming. […]Adapted from an article originally published on VillageSquare.in. Subscribe to VillageSquare’s weekly update on the website for more stories from rural India.
Basudev Mahapatra is a journalist based in Bhubaneswar.
Source: How Tribal Women of Odisha Have Made Farming Organic, Profitable & Life-Changing
Date visited: 11 October 2020
[Bold typeface added above for emphasis]
There are three important stakeholders on whom rests the successful implementation of the Act [Forest Rights Act (2006)]. This includes the Gram Sabha itself, the Forest Department and the Ministry of Tribal Affairs (Tribal Department in various states); the Tribal Departments are the nodal agencies responsible for the implementation of the Act. Revenue officers at the District and Block level also have a role to play in the finalization of titles, making changes in the official revenue maps etc. Apart from this an institutional framework has been created at different levels of checks and balances, management and redressed structures from the village to the state level. This involves the Forest Rights Committee at the village level, the Sub-Divisional and District level Committees and a final appellate authority of the State Level Monitoring Committee.
CG-Net Swara: http://cgnetswara.org/
The Forest Right Act: https://www.forestrightsact.com/home
Forest Rights Act: https://www.fra.org.in
Ministry of Environment and Forests: http://envfor.nic.in/
Source: Rebecca S . David in “An analysis of the impact of the Forest Rights Act (2006) in three states of India” (MPhil University of Cambridge, UK, 2014), p. 1
Date visited: 11 October 2020
“The tribal food basket has always been diverse and nutritious, including maize, minor millets like kodo and kutki, oil seeds like ramtila, along with fruits, leaves, rhizomes, mushrooms, meat and fish. […] We have pushed them out of their complementary relationship with ecology, way of life and time-tested nutrition.” | Learn more >>
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- explore India’s tribal cultural heritage with the help of another interactive map >>
- Adverse inclusion
- Denotified Tribes, Nomadic and Semi-Nomadic Tribes – Report and Recommendations (Technical Advisory Group)
- Fact checking
- Imprisonment & rehabilitation
- Map | An alphabetical journey across India: from Andaman to West Bengal
- Search tips | Names of tribal communities, regions and states of India
- State wise population of Scheduled Tribes (ST) and their percentage to the total population in the respective states and to the total STs population
- “What are the Rights of Scheduled Tribes?– Government of India (National Commission for Scheduled Tribes, NCST)
- “What is the Forest Rights Act about?” – Campaign for Survival and Dignity
- “Who are Scheduled Tribes?” – Government of India (National Commission for Scheduled Tribes, NCST)
- Zonal Cultural Centres: List of “Component States” allocated to each centre
India is one of the oldest civilizations in the world with a kaleidoscopic variety and rich cultural heritage. It has achieved all-round socio-economic progress since Independence. As the 7th largest country in the world, India stands apart from the rest of Asia, marked off as it is by mountains and the sea, which give the country a distinct geographical entity. Bounded by the Great Himalayas in the north, it stretches southwards and at the Tropic of Cancer, tapers off into the Indian Ocean between the Bay of Bengal on the east and the Arabian Sea on the west.
Source: States and Union Territories – About India
Date visited: 4 September 2021
Learn more about India’s 28 States and 8 Union Territories – From Andhra Pradesh to West Bengal | Nutrition >>
Research the above issues with the help of Shodhganga: A reservoir of theses from universities all over India, made available under Open Access >>
Tip: type the name of a tribal community, region or state in the search field seen below. For better results, combine search words of special interest to you: Adivasi, Indigenous or tribal with topics like artist, music, craft, poetry, literature, education, biodiversity, ethnobotany, festival, film, health, nutrition, forest rights or human rights
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请输入留言内容Newborn puppies are adorable, but they're vulnerable. They need constant care from their mama. If mama isn't around, or if she needs help caring for her babies, the responsibility falls on you. Consult your vet for guidance on caring for these little lives to help them grow and stay healthy.
Keep them warm. Newborn pups cannot regulate their body temperature and need to snuggle up with their litter mates and mama to stay nice and toasty. Keep the ambient temperature between 85 and 90 degrees Fahrenheit for the first four days of the puppies' lives, using a towel-covered hot water bottle or a carefully monitored electric blanket. Gradually lower the temperature to about 80 degrees by the time they're 10 days old, eventually getting down to 72 degrees by the time they reach their first month.
Keep them fed. Eating is pretty much the only thing on puppies' minds in the early days of life. Give your puppies canine milk replacement in a bottle if Mama's not available. Ask a vet for specifics on the correct amount and way to feed puppies, as offering too much could cause harm. Weigh the puppies every day to ensure they're gaining weight regularly. The specific amount they should gain daily depends on their breed, but generally speaking they should put on between 10 percent and 15 percent of their total body weight every day.
Help them "go." Mama dogs stimulate their puppies' bathroom duties by licking the little pooch's nether-regions. Use a warm, wet washcloth to accomplish the same thing and to clean away the resulting poo or pee. Attend to bathroom duties after every feeding. When your little ones reach 3 or 4 weeks of age, they should start going without this assistance.
Keep their bedding clean and dry. Babies are messy, and newborn puppies are no different. Change the blankets and bedding materials in the den area regularly to always provide a clean, dry environment for your pups to snooze in.
Contact your vet at the sign of any trouble. Healthy, well-fed puppies typically snooze quietly and seem content to snuggle together. Call your vet if any puppies seem particularly vocal or fussy, or if they're not gaining weight every day. Trouble sets in quickly with puppies this young and fragile; waiting too long to get help could end in tragedy.
Items you will need
- Electric blanket or hot water bottle
- Canine milk replacement
- Pet baby bottle
- Electronic scale
- Clean bedding and blankets
- Program your vet's phone number on speed dial; call if your gut tells you that something's amiss with one of the puppies.
- As cute as they are, try not to handle puppies too much when they're so little. Their little bodies are still developing and they could become injured unintentionally.
- Jupiterimages/Comstock/Getty Images
- How Long Should Newborn English Bulldogs Nurse?
- How Long Before a Newborn Puppy Can Defecate on Its Own?
- How Long Until a Newborn Puppy Can Go Outside?
- Bottle Fed Kittens vs. Mom Raised Kittens
- Helping a Baby Kitten Pee
- Care & Feeding of Stray Cats
- How to Get Kittens to Defecate
- Mother Cat Needs to Produce More Milk for Kittensبه گزارش موج رسا; علی اکبری نماینده مردم شیراز در مجلس شورای اسلامی و عضو کمیسیون کشاورزی، آب و منابع طبیعی در خصوص گلایه مقام معظم رهبری از مجلس گفت: گلایه رهبری از مجلس به حق بود. در مقابل تهاجمات یک طرفه غرب، به ویژه ترامپ که به ایران دارد، مجلس ما باید فکری در این باره بکند؛ فکر می کنم دلیل اصلی آن مشغولیت ما در داخل و مشاجرات داخلی است و نگاهی به بیرون و حل مشکلات مملکت در خارج از کشور نداریم، گاهی بر سر موضوعات جزئی داخلی دچار چالش های مختلف می شویم که جبران آن سخت است.
وی در ارتباط با این که مجلس وکیل الدوله است بیان داشت: به نظر من این گونه نیست، بودجه 98 را اگر ببینید متوجه خواهید شد که مجلس با دولت مخالفت کرد و یا بر سر افزایش حقوق که دولت با آن موافق نبود، مجلس موضع خودش را حفظ کرد و حتی در برابر وزرا دیدیدم که بعضی از وزرا استیضاح شدند، این ها بالاخره واکنش مجلس بوده است؛ ممکن است طیف غالبی از نمایندگان که هوادار دولت باشند از نظر تعداد بیشتر باشد اما این گونه نبوده است که نمایندگان وکیل الدوله باشند.
نماینده مردم شیراز در مجلس اظهار داشت: در مورد برجام اشتباهات کلانی را مرتکب شدیم، به عنوان مثال امیرکبیر 39 ماه وزارت داشت و کارهای بزرگی کرد و اسمش به جا ماند، 34 ماه برجام در اختیار ما بود، به جای آن که 50 قرارداد با کشورهای مختلف ببندیم و خود آن ها ضامن سرمایه گذاریشان باشند، آن قدر موانع ایجاد کردیم و هر کس که هیچ قراردادی بسته نشد، بالاخره نمی توانیم بگوییم که برجام مفید نبود، در شرایط فعلی هم همه جبهه استکبار به ویژه آمریکا به دنبال این هستند که ایران از برجام خارج شود، به نظر من ایران نباید داوطلب خروج از برجام باشد.
وی خاطرنشان کرد: اگر افرادی باشند که صرفا نگاهشان به غرب باشد قطعا کار خطایی است، اما این را هم می دانیم که همه چیز را هم خودمان نمی توانیم تولید کنیم، هیچ کشوری در دنیا قادر نیست که همه نیازهای خودش را رفع کند، ارتباط و تعامل با دنیا باید باشد؛ صرف خروج از برجام یا وجود تقی زاده ها یک اخطار است اما باید اولویت را بر این بگذاریم که هم رفع تنش باشد و هم تلاش کنیم که حداقل با همسایه خودمان بتوانیم ارتباط معقول و منطقی داشته باشیم.
عضو کمیسیون کشاورزی، آب و منابع طبیعی در مجلس اذعان داشت: من امیدوارم که وضعیت اقتصادی امسال بهتر شود، ما در یک مقطعی فشارهای زیادی را داشتیم، خیل عظیم بیکاران از یک طرف، خشکسالی ها از طرف دیگر و وجود مهاجرت های یک طرفه به سمت شهرها که آسیب های اجتماعی را در پیش داشت، باعث شد از گرفتاری های جدی اقتصادی باشد، با تدابیری که اتخاذ شده و دستوری هم که مقام معظم رهبری فرمودند ساختار در بودجه و اجرا باید اصلاح شود، اما دولت به جای این که کوچک شود بزرگ تر شده است و این مشکل ایجاد می کند و هزینه های زیادی تحمیل می شود، دولت هر چه درآمد کسب می کند باید صرف حقوق کارکنانش کند.
علی اکبری در پایان گفت: رونق تولید مسئله گمشده ما است، مخصوصا در سال 97 کاملا با آن مواجه شدیم، کسانی که توانایی مالی دارند و کارآفرین هستند و افرادی که دغدغه سازندگی در این کشور دارند، باید امنیت این ها را هم تامین کرد یعنی کسی که می خواهد
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years, cross-reactive antibodies might be due to earlier infection with influenza viruses sharing similar antigenic epitopes with the current pandemic influenza virus as suggested in recent reports [5,6]. In these studies, various levels of pre-existing cross-reactive antibodies to the 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) virus were found.
In August 2009 the prevalence of antibodies to the 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) virus shows only minor differences from the pre-pandemic 2008 baseline level (Figure 2B). This may be an indication that the early wave in the summer of 2009 was too small to substantially influence the immunity at population level. However, during May–August, confirmed cases in Norway were mainly in adolescents and young adults (Figure 1), and a slight increase in seropositivity in that age segment (significant only for the group of 10–19 year–olds, p<0.05) may reflect immunity acquired from recent infection. Contrary to the situation in the United Kingdom , few cases were seen in children under school age and in school age children at that time, possibly because the school vacation in Norway spans from late June until late August, thus limiting the scope for effective transmission of virus in the age groups below 15-20 years of age during summer. In the August 2009 serum panel, the overall prevalence across age groups of titres 40 or above for the seasonal H1N1 virus A/Brisbane/59/2007 was 13%. The age pattern of seasonal influenza A(H1N1) seroprevalence was somewhat more skewed towards younger persons, and a large percentage (44%) of sera with protective titres to the pandemic virus was not reactive to the current seasonal influenza A(H1N1) vaccine strain (data not shown). This probably indicates that the observed reactivity to pandemic influenza A(H1N1) prior to the pandemic cannot be explained solely as cross-reactivity of antibodies raised in response to recent seasonal viruses.
A substantial and significant increase in overall prevalence of protective antibodies (HI titre ≥40) to the pandemic 2009 A(H1N1) influenza virus was observed from August 2009 to January 2010, from 3.2% to 44.9% (p<0.001) (Figure 2, Table). Similarly, all age groups showed a significant increase in the prevalence of detectable as well as protective antibodies. The frequency of protective antibodies was particularly high in persons under 20 years of age (61.2%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 53,6 % –68,8%), while 74.5% (95% CI: 67.8%–81.3%) had detectable antibodies (titre ≥20). In people aged 20 years and older the figures were substantially lower, 37.8% (95% CI: 32.8%–42.8%) and 52.1% (95% CI: 47.0%–57.3%), respectively. In particular, the 50-64 year-olds age group had the lowest prevalence of protective antibody in January 2010 (28.0%) despite recorded vaccination coverage of about 43%. A higher proportion (49.3%) had detectable antibodies. The incidence of laboratory-confirmed infections was comparatively low in this age group (Figure 1). Conceivably, the immune response to vaccination or infection in this age group resulted in antibodies that were only partially directed against the pandemic strain, possibly due to the phenomenon of original antigenic sin . A similar pattern was also seen in the age group 65-79 year-olds, but to a somewhat lesser extent.
Our sera from January 2010 were collected approximately four to six weeks after the main pandemic wave had subsided, and also after the main drive of a nationwide vaccination campaign with a population vaccine uptake probably well exceeding 40%. The vaccination status of the serum donors is not known, therefore our analysis cannot differentiate between seropositivity resulting from infection, from immunisation, or from a combination of the two.
Our data are thus less suitable for estimating the extent of infection than corresponding studies performed in populations with a lower vaccination coverage [9,10]. In light of age patterns of infection and vaccination, infection is likely to have contributed most to the rise in immunity in the 20-29-year-olds who had the lowest recorded vaccine uptake. Conversely, vaccination might have contributed most to the rise in the elderly who appear to have been spared of widespread infection. Our data furthermore indicate that immunity in the population against the pandemic virus has risen substantially. Approximately 45% of the population has antibodies at a level corresponding to protection and an additional 15% of the population has detectable antibodies at lower titres which may also offer some protection. This observed level of population immunity may prove to be sufficient to prevent a new pandemic wave of high magnitude. However, lesser outbreaks cannot be excluded, and antigenic drift of the virus might impair the protective effect. Furthermore, it is not known how well the observed immunity to the pandemic virus will be sustained.
A substantial increase in antibodies against pandemic 2009 A(H1N1) influenza virus was observed in population representative serum panels in Norway between August 2009 and January 2010. This is consistent with recorded high incidence of infection and a high rate of vaccine uptake, both taking place during October–December 2009. Provided that this level of immunity does not wane substantially, and that the antigenic properties of the virus do not change significantly, the high population immunity may prove sufficient to prevent large-scale epidemics of the pandemic influenza virus in Norway in the upcoming influenza season.
We would like to thank laboratories in the following hospitals for their invaluable contribution in providing the sera used in the present study: Østfold Hospital/Fredrikstad; Akershus University Hospital; Oslo University Hospital, Innlandet Hospital/Lillehammer; Buskerud Hospital/Drammen; Vestfold Hospital/Tønsberg; Unilabs Telelab AS/Skien; Sørlandet Hospital/Kristiansand; Stavanger University Hospital, Haukeland University Hospital/Bergen; Førde Central Hospital; Molde Hospital; St.Olav Hospital, Trondheim; Levanger Hospital; Nordlandssykehuset/Bodø; University Hospital of North Norway/Tromsø, Hammerfest Hospital. The WHO Collaborating Centre at the National Institute for Medical Research, London, UK, is gratefully acknowledged for providing virus and ferret control serum used in the HI test. The Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Department of Vaccinology at NIPH are gratefully acknowledged for contributing incidence and vaccination data, respectively. We further thank the staff of the influenza laboratory, Department of Virology, NIPH; Valentina Johansen, Anne Marie Lund, Marianne Morken, and Remilyn Ramos–Ocao for excellent technical assistance.
- The Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NIPH). Influenza. Oslo: NIPH. [Accessed: 4 Aug 2010]. Norwegian. Available from: http://www.fhi.no/influensa
- Haaheim LR. Surveillance of the antibody status to current influenza strains in the Norwegian population. 1: Method of serum sampling and evaluation of the A/USSR/77 (H1N1) impact in various age groups in 1978. NIPH Ann. 1979;2(2):45–54.
- Haaheim LR. Surveillance of the antibody status to current influenza strains in the Norwegian population. 2: Antibodies to the A/USSR/90/77 (H1N1) virus in various age groups after the second epidemic wave. NIPH Ann. 1980;3(1):49–56.
- Kendal AP, Pereira MS, Skehel JJ, editors. Concepts and procedures for laboratory–based influenza surveillance. Atlanta: Center for Disease Control and Prevention; 1982.
- Rizzo C, Rota MC, Bella A, Alfonsi V, Declich S, Caporali MG, et al. Cross-reactive antibody responses to the 2009 A/H1N1v influenza virus in the Italian population in the pre-pandemic period. Vaccine. 2010;28(20):3558-62.
- World Health Organization (WHO). Seroepidemiological studies of pandemic influenza A (H1N1)2009 virus. Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 2010;85(24):229-35.
- Miller E, Hoschler K, Hardelid P, Stanford E, Andrews N, Zambon M. Incidence of 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1 infection in England: a cross–sectional serological study. Lancet. 2010;375(9720):1100-8.
- Adalja AA, Henderson DA. Original antigenic sin and pandemic (H1N1) 2009. Emerg Infec Dis. 2010;16(6):1028–9.
- Zimmer SM, Crevar CJ, Carter DM, Stark JH, Giles BM, Zimmerman RK, et al. Seroprevalence following the second wave of Pandemic 2009 H1N1 influenza in Pittsburgh, PA, USA. PLoS One. 2010;5(7):e11601.
- Adamson WE, Maddi S, Robertson C, McDonagh S, Molyneaux PJ, Templeton KE, et al. 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) virus in Scotland: geographically variable immunity in Spring 2010, following the winter outbreak. Euro Surveill. 2010;15(24):pii=19590. Available from: http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=195902020护士执业资格考试正处于紧张的备考阶段，甘肃中公教育根据往年的护士执业资格考试试题整理了2020年护士执业资格考试笔试备考资料，望考生们及时复习查看。
病因及分类：
(一)病因
1.病人常有肛门瘙痒、疼痛、有分泌物等肛窦、肛腺慢性感染的病史，肛窦、肛腺慢性感染易导致直肠下部黏膜下静脉丛周围炎，静脉失去弹性而扩张。
2.长期饮酒、好食辛辣等刺激性食物史、食物中的纤维素含量过低、营养不良等因素，导致直肠下部黏膜下静脉丛扩张充血。
3.长期使腹内压增高的病史或职业因素，如长期的坐与立或便秘、前列腺增生、腹水和妊娠、盆腔肿瘤等，导致直肠静脉丛扩张充血。
4.直肠局部解剖因素，如直肠上静脉丛属门静脉系统，且无静脉瓣膜，又位于门静脉系的低处，静脉回流困难;直肠上、下静脉丛壁薄、位置表浅，且缺乏周围组织支持，易于形成静脉扩张。
(二)分类：痔可分为内痔、外痔和混合痔3类。
1.内痔位于齿状线以上，直肠上静脉丛形成，表面覆盖直肠黏膜。好发于直肠下端的左侧、右前或右后方(截石位3、7、11点)。
2.外痔 位于齿状线下方，直肠下静脉丛形成，表面覆盖肛管皮肤。
3.混合痔 因直肠上、下静脉丛互相吻合，由齿状线上、下静脉丛同时曲张而形成。
临床表现：
1.内痔 主要表现为排便时无痛性出血和痔块脱出，分为4期：
Ⅰ期：以排便时无痛性出血，痔块不脱出肛门外;
Ⅱ期：便血加重，严重时呈喷射状，排便时痔块脱出，但便后能自行回纳;
Ⅲ期：便血量常减少，痔块脱出不能自行回纳，需用手托回;
Ⅳ期：痔块长期脱出于肛门外或回纳后又即脱出。当脱出的痔块被痉挛的括约肌嵌顿时，疼痛明显。直肠指检常不能触及，肛门镜检查可见暗红色、质软的半球形肿物。
2.外痔 主要表现为肛门不适、潮湿、有时伴局部瘙痒。若形成血栓性外痔，则有肛门剧痛，排便、咳嗽时加剧，数日后可减轻;在肛门表面可见红色或暗红色硬结。
3.混合痔 临床上兼有内、外痔的临床表现，严重时可呈环状脱出肛门，呈梅花状，又称环状痔;若发生嵌顿，可引起充血，水肿甚至坏死。
辅助检查：
肛门镜检查可见肛管齿状线附近突出的痔。
治疗原则：
1.一般治疗 适用于痔初期，只需调节饮食，保持大便通畅，便后热水坐浴，加强体育锻炼，不需特殊治疗。血栓性外痔经局部热敷、外敷消炎止痛药物后，若疼痛缓解则不需手术。嵌顿性痔初期，应尽早手法还纳痔核。
2.Ⅰ～Ⅱ期内痔可选用注射疗法、胶圈套扎法。
3.Ⅱ、Ⅲ期内痔及混合痔，行痔核切除术。对疼痛剧烈的血栓性外痔，可行血栓性外痔剥离术。
护理问题：
1.疼痛 与血栓形成、痔块嵌顿等有关
2.便秘 与不良饮食、排便习惯等有关
3.潜在并发症 尿潴留、贫血、肛门狭窄等
护理措施：
1.有效缓解疼痛
(1)局部热敷或温水坐浴：可有效改善局部微循环，减轻疼痛症状。便后及时清洗，保持局部清洁舒适，必要时用1：5000高锰酸钾溶液温水坐浴。
(2)遵医嘱用药：血栓性外痔者局部应用抗菌药物软膏。
(3)及时回纳痔：嵌顿性痔应尽早行手法复位，注意动作轻柔，避免损伤。
2.保持大便通畅
3.并发症的预防和护理
免责声明：本站所提供真题均来源于网友提供或网络搜集，由本站编辑整理，仅供个人研究、交流学习使用，不涉及商业盈利目的。如涉及版权问题，请联系本站管理员予以更改或删除。This week we talked about what is valued and sought for in
individuals when they seek different career paths. Then we
We pointed out that much of our life is quite unpredictable
and that what we start out wanting, doing and behaving
changes throughout our life. An interesting piece in Quartz
reported on statistical data where in the past we could reflect
on anecdotal instances in changes.
In the short term there remains a consistency in our wanting
doing and behaving, however. Here we might pose that Luck
and Skill arbitrate on what happens in our careers.
CAREERS = LUCK + SKILLS
LUCK = preparation + opportunity + attitude
We suggested it is useful to set objectives, develop a plan
to achieve them and look for opportunities to be and act
professionally along the way. Build your committed network
ask for help, create and learn from “teachable moments”,
continuously learn, and be optimistic.
Two pieces of feedback from our class offered questions–
1- how can I network better? What should I learn and practice?
[understand your current personal values, behaviors and emotional
make-up; small talk, understand others’ make-ups and adapt
to achieve win-win outcomes]
2- it seems like the skills you list are just things to trick people on.
What is the basis for each item on the list, they wondered.
[real life often is a series of unpredictable events with little time
to think. Thus our habits will determine our behaviors. We wish
to figure out what our habits are modify them to be more effective.]
It is hard for some to learn that professional work is strongly
influenced by our cultural, personal and value-based habits.
It is often the case that how you do something is as important as
the outcomes that you achieve. Sometimes the result is “pure
luck” but as we know we “create much of our luck”.
Leave a ReplyASSEMBLY, No. 2608 STATE OF NEW JERSEY Pre-filed for Introduction in the 1990 Session By Assemblymen SCHLUTER and KAMIN AN ACT designating the brook trout as the New Jersey State Fish. WHEREAS, The brook trout received its name from the Pilgrims and has delighted outdoorsmen since colonial days with its vibrant colors and fighting form; and WHEREAS, This fine species of fish inspired the Reverend Myron Reed, a noted angler of his day, to praise it as "...the gold sprinkled living arrow of the white water; able to zig-zag up the cataract; able to loiter in the rapids; whose dainty meat is the glancing butter fly"; and WHEREAS, Naturally occurring populations of brook trout are found in the northwest part of the State and in the Pinelands; and WHEREAS, Over 200,000 brook trout are raised each year at the Pequest Trout Hatchery as part of the State's trout stocking program; and WHEREAS, The brook trout is highly sensitive to changes in its natural habitat and is therefore, a good indicator of environmental quality; and WHEREAS, Because of a reduction in the number of brook trout in the wild due to destruction of its habitat by human development, the State has designated the brook trout a threatened species; and WHEREAS, Public support for protecting the brook trout's habitat would contribute to the preservation of New Jersey's wilderness areas, it is fitting that the brook trout be accorded special recognition. BE IT ENACTED by the Senate and General Assembly of the State of New Jersey: 1. The brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) is designated as the New Jersey State Fish. 2. This act shall take effect immediately. STATEMENT This bill designates the brook trout as the New Jersey State Fish. Naturally occurring populations of brook trout are found in several parts of the State and annually thousands of hatchery-raised brook trout are placed in streams and rivers throughout the State as part of
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走，愚弄别人甚至和其他人一起逃跑了。
4。 抢劫案使男性财富巨星（女性官方巨星）不知所措， 克：配偶有麻烦，容易生病和受伤； 容易离婚吵架， 被打。婚姻不好夫妻有很多或更多的争吵。
5， 男性角色没有运气（指普通的生活局）：与异性之间存在终身关系，婚姻不好很难找到对象。结婚后， 这对夫妻很容易彼此分开。如果夫妻经常在一起，感觉很冷漠。
6。 男性角色有一个发财的坟墓，妻子容易过早死亡或多种疾病和灾难。女官方明星也是如此。配偶很容易早死。
7 最明显的原因是婚姻进展不顺利。家庭不稳定在家不安。容易离婚和分居，严重的话 他们的家人被摧毁了。
8。 男人的人生崛起可比或抢夺财富，夫妻容易吵架。或配偶身体不好。
9。 坐在富裕的星星（女性官方星星）上的男人既是享乐之神，也是财富之神：一个男人结婚后将变得富有和繁荣。在妻子或妻子的家人的帮助下， 他的职业将得到探索和发展。为了获得妻子的利益，妻子有能力或好帮手，妻子的亲戚也可以自救。
10。 男性财富之星是享乐之神：八个字符中的财富之星接近太阳（财富接近干旱的月份，小时或白天）：妻子的利益为了女人的利益，将在妻子或女性的帮助下发展。这种命运使妇女受益，有异性的关系。钱是一种使用的乐趣，远离阳光或巴兹（Barazi）没有财富（Earthzhi指自然能源），很难得到他妻子的利益，很难获得妇女的利益。妻子和女人都不能自救。
11。 财富嫉妒：财富临近太阳，不当妻子的好处不是为了妇女的利益在妻子或女人的帮助下会影响职业发展，会遭受妻子或女人的折磨，由于妻子或女人的财富，被妻子或女人拖下去。健康状况不佳，生病和灾难。夫妻之间的不和谐，生活更累。担心婚姻 情绪和财务问题。
12 男人的生命比财富更重要，追求财富之后结婚前有一对夫妻也是一个问题。
13 这个人的生命和财富首先被超越，一天又一天之后 钱在一起，与失去童贞的女儿或第二婚的女儿结婚。
14女性生活喜欢用众神聚集在丈夫的宫殿里，夫妻相处融洽。官方杀星是喜悦之神，夫妻关系很好。有官方官员，但没有7人被杀，或官员正在彻底打印，幸福的夫妇。日本首席协调员官员要喜欢使用上帝，夫妻之间的关系很好。
15 这一天有7次杀戮，一天很虚弱，或太阳微弱，正式的杀手is繁荣昌盛，没有食物伤痕， 官方杀手星，丈夫很凶。官员们很嫉妒夫妻关系不佳。命运的官，七杀混在一起他的性情一定不确定。被太阳杀死了七个丈夫的性暴力和令人作呕。
16。 女指挥官杀死了同样的人必须有第二次婚姻。男人的命运wife脚的妻子婚姻不顺利。
17。 女救生员， 两伤没钱，未打印必须有一场婚姻灾难。
18岁 这个人的生活和财富被其他官员所融合，主人的女朋友和妻子可能会被带走;这也意味着the被别人骂了。
19 女性生活官员以及其他官员和部门，主要男友或丈夫已被带走。
20 这个人的生活和财富结合在一起，特别是， 毕洁铮和他一生的女友或妻子已被带走。
21 男性的命运 妻子， 星星和太阳，如果中间有竞争， 婚姻或异性朋友之间一定有争执。这位女官方明星与太阳交相辉映，法律上也一样。
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-Irregular Verbs Worksheet Pdf. Irregular verbs are also referred to as a robust verb. Use these Irregular Verbs Worksheets at college or at house. The objective of this worksheet is to train the types of irregular verbs. Our Irregular Verbs Worksheets are free to obtain and easy to entry in PDF …
This is a list of verbs of their totally different features, which fol… To obtain this printable exercise in PDF. Answers are on the bottom of the web page.
The finest way to do this is by practising irregular verbs worksheets frequently. Verbs are extraordinarily important for everyday life, and understanding them improves children vocabulary and communication. Learning the verbs of a language will assist them higher perceive the way to use verbs, and it will additionally help them expand their vocabulary. Practising the verbs worksheet helps them with studying comprehension. Regular and irregular verbs may be confusing for youths. Hence, present them with BYJU’S common and irregular verbs worksheet.
Suitable for newbie, elementary and pre-intermediate learners. The previous easy irregular verbs worksheet is a good way to assist your students study and practice irregular verbs prior to now tense. This worksheet includes a listing of irregular verbs in the past tense, in addition to a short sentence for each verb. Students can use this worksheet to follow conjugating irregular verbs, and to see how they are used in context.
The playing cards are positioned faces down and shuffled.On their turn, playe… These are the hands-on mixed reposition workouts with solutions. The solutions are given at the end of the workout routines.
Obtain Free Irregular Verbs Record In Pdf, Record Of
Those verbs that do not observe the essential rules are referred to as irregular verbs. The previous tense and previous participle of normal verbs could be formed by adding “ed” to the end of the verb root. If the verb already ends with an “e,” then we simply add a “d.”. The current participle of normal verbs is shaped by adding “ing” to the tip of … List of Irregular Verbs Pdf!
- This is a listing of verbs of their completely different aspects, which fol…
- Irregular verbs exercises PDF 4 + Key with answers four.
- Following is a chart of irregular verbs in alphabetical order from A to F.
- Use this practice worksheet to assist your college students confidently use these tough phrases in context.
Strong verbs worksheet pdf spanish verb conjugations is conjugating regular and guidelines and more and maintain practicing writing task. Previously, we shared a worksheet on a listing of common irregular verbs in Spanish. The regular verbs worksheet is a fun worksheet on regular verbs.
Answer Key – This is the reply key to Unit 2 … In this worksheet, learners will apply using irregular types of past-tense verbs. This worksheet provides participating apply for students as they learn to conjugate and use irregular past-tense verbs. An irregular verb is a verb that has a special conjugation than different verbs in the identical group. Irregular verbs do not comply with the common grammatical pattern for conjugating verbs in their respective tenses. Use the previous easy form of the verbs in brackets.
Irregular Verbs Worksheets
This easy sheet will clue them in! Students will convert current tense verbs to past tense verbs utilizing the variety of letter blanks to help information them to the right spelling. 100 irregular verbs in English with examples Learn a… Go to the primary irregular verbs exercise page right here.
50+ Three types of verb, regular &… Even though it’s a well-structured and reliable online gaming platform, more often than not, players face some problems whereas playing. Finally, click here to obtain this exercise in PDF with answers.
These patterns don’t change when the verb is previous, past participle, or current participle tense. Ready to broaden your verb vocabulary? Learn some new action words with this worksheet on verbs that begin with R.
Perfect for second graders, these grammar worksheets introduce the other ways irregular verbs show up in writing. Young writers look at irregular verbs as they change from past to current and singular to plural in these instructional worksheets. If you like to memorize more irregular verbs in in the future that’s nice too.
A to Z verb…
Spanish irregular verbs worksheet pdf. Students must write down the irregular verb in spanish that each drawing represents. The record below is ordered by frequency of use. Many of the commonest verbs in spanish are irregular meaning you want to be taught the verb forms individually. Wkst irregular verbs within the yo type pptx view obtain 70k.”We have come to the conclusion that we have a responsibility as an employer. You don’t just send anyone up a tree. You want them to have the right equipment and knowledge, it is a question of personal safety,” Per Ingemarson, a spokesperson with the K3 airborne unit in Karlsborg in central Sweden, to daily Dagens Nyheter (DN).
As the unit operates the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) ”Falcon”, which is used among other places in Afghanistan, officials have decided to train some of the soldiers to scale a tree the right way, according to Ingemarson.
Sometimes these UAVs malfunction, either because they lose radio contact or due to a strong gust of wind, causing them to get stuck in the top branches of a tree.
When having to salvage a drone, it is crucial that the soldiers are properly skilled at climbing trees in a safe and secure manner, the regiment wrote in their request to Stockholm headquarters.
However, the need to climb a trees doesn’t actually occur that often, even while operating the drone aircraft.
Ingemarson is only aware of one instance in the last two years that a UAV has got caught in a tree out of hundreds of sorties, but he stressed that there may be more.
To begin with, three soldiers from the unit will undergo the advanced tree climbing training. The course will be conducted by military climbing experts, who usually teach soldiers how to scale rock walls safely.
”I can’t say that this is prioritized before other training, but I feel that it is a wise move. When people are injured everyone always says ‘Why didn’t you think of that before?’ In this case someone has been clever in advance,” said Ingemarson to DN.Typical microlight flying lesson
MICROLIGHT Scotland students are met by their instructor in the clubhouse at Strathaven Airfield, where the lesson starts in our briefing room.
Let's take Ex6: Straight and Level Flying. The aim appears simple:To attain and maintain flight in a straight line and constant altitude. However, to achieve this we will need to have a full understanding of how the various controls and forces affect the aircraft.
After discussing how to fly "straight"(ie not going from side to side) and "level" (not going up and down), we then look at flying "straight and level"; at various airspeeds - so now we have to co-ordinate our use of the controls.
And we explore different methods of checking that straight course, such as visual markers or compass heading. We also have to allow for drift, since usually the air we fly in is moving across the earth's surface in a different direction to the one we want to go in! And then there is the effect of different loads on our aircraft and the use of trimming devices.
Finally, in each lesson we introduce new aspects of airmanship, in this case the importance of a good lookout and regular checks of our aircraft, engine and fuel.
Now let's go flying and put that classroom work into practice in the air!Washington, Feb. 24 – As the Republicans travel to Texas for their upcoming debate, one issue of concern in the state is Texas’ strict voter ID laws that prevent many people, including those with disabilities, easy access to vote.
Earlier this week, Democratic presidential hopeful Hillary Clinton pledged to tackle the “Republican assault on voting rights across the United States.”
“Here in Texas and in state after state, [Republicans are] doing everything they can to stop black people, Latinos, poor people, young people, people with disabilities from voting,” Clinton said at Texas Southern University in Houston Saturday evening following her Nevada caucus win. “It’s one of the barriers that I intend to knock down.”
While it was expected Clinton would discuss many racial disparity issues like poverty while at the historically black university in Houston, Clinton’s inclusion of people with disabilities show her understanding that the nation’s largest minority has the potential to swing the 2016 elections and the community’s needs need to be addressed.
For many Americans, voting is not an easy process. Physical and other barriers at polling places can make exercising the right to vote nearly impossible. In the 2008 election, only 27 percent of polling places were fully accessible to voters with disabilities. That means that at seven out of ten places to vote, people with disabilities were not able to make their voices, their values and their issues heard.
Texas has some of the strictest voter ID laws in the nation and one of the lowest voter turnouts. In 2011, Texas passed a bill that strengthened voter ID laws. People were required to present a government issued state ID, or a weapon permit for identification; however, college IDs were not accepted. In 2015 a federal circuits court ruled the 2011 law violated the Voting Rights Act.
In the state of Texas, 3,101,039 people have a disability. They have the option of filing for a permanent exemption to voter ID laws if they do not have required identification through their county elections office by providing documentation from the VA or SSA of their disability.
According to the Census Bureau, one in five Americans has a disability. That means there are 56 million people with disabilities in our country. That number makes the disability community our nation’s largest minority group. Like other minority communities, people with disabilities have fought hard for civil rights and worked hard to pursue the American Dream, just like anyone else. However, the community is unique because it is the only group that anyone can join, at any time, due to injury and illness. As such, the lack of voting accessibility effectively disenfranchises far too many Americans.
The former Secretary of State also repeated statements from her Nevada victory speech about ensuring that people with disabilities would have the same opportunities as everyone else to participate in society.
“We also have to take on the persistent barriers of bigotry. That means facing head-on the reality of systemic racism and investing in communities that have been left out and left behind,” Clinton said to applause. “It means providing people with disabilities the opportunity to work and fully participate in our society. It means guaranteeing justice and dignity for every American. We have to make sure, my friends, nothing holds you back. Not debt. Not discrimination. Not a deck that’s always stacked for those at the top.”
People with disabilities, though not often thought of as a minority bloc the same way as African American or Latino/Hispanic voters, is the largest minority in the United States. More than 50 percent of Americans report having a family member or close friend with a disability. As all of the presidential candidates vie for their parties’ nomination, reaching out to the disability community can mean the difference between winning or not.Mechanisms affecting population density in fragmented habitat
Ecology and Society , Volume 10 - Issue 1
We conducted a factorial simulation experiment to analyze the relative importance of movement pattern, boundary-crossing probability, and mortality in habitat and matrix on population density, and its dependency on habitat fragmentation, as well as inter-patch distance. We also examined how the initial response of a species to a fragmentation event may affect our observations of population density in post-fragmentation experiments. We found that the boundary-crossing probability from habitat to matrix, which partly determines the emigration rate, is the most important determinant for population density within habitat patches. The probability of crossing a boundary from matrix to habitat had a weaker, but positive, effect on population density. Movement behavior in habitat had a stronger effect on population density than movement behavior in matrix. Habitat fragmentation and inter-patch distance may have a positive or negative effect on population density. The direction of both effects depends on two factors. First, when the boundary-crossing probability from habitat to matrix is high, population density may decline with increasing habitat fragmentation. Conversely, for species with a high matrix-to-habitat boundary-crossing probability, population density may increase with increasing habitat fragmentation. Second, the initial distribution of individuals across the landscape: we found that habitat fragmentation and inter-patch distance were positively correlated with population density when individuals were distributed across matrix and habitat at the beginning of our simulation experiments. The direction of these relationships changed to negative when individuals were initially distributed across habitat only. Our findings imply that the speed of the initial response of organisms to habitat fragmentation events may determine the direction of observed relationships between habitat fragmentation and population density. The time scale of post-fragmentation studies must, therefore, be adjusted to match the pace of post-fragmentation movement responses.
|Publisher's version Final Version|1. Description of Our Team
Bonny and Cylinna, both aged 15, learned about the Doors to Diplomacy project through One World Now, a leadership program dedicated to teaching other cultures. Karla, aged 18, joined the project after being approached by Stan White, the adult coach. Cylinna brought to the group her technology skills used to create the website. She also aided in the research project alongside of Bonny and Karla. Stan White, a business teacher at the high school, helped in forming the project question. After forming the question, subtopics were formed and distributed among Bonny, Cylinna, and Karla in accordance with their business interests.
2. Summary of Our Project
It is very well know that China and the United States are major trading partners. Knowing that the upcoming Olympics will occur in Beijing, China will need to import a lot of products to prepare for the games. We also knew that China was in the top ten of importers and exporters. Using this knowledge, we decided to take a closer look at the issues regarding U.S. trade with China and the impacts. Economics, society, culture/customs, employment, technology, World Trade Organization, and politics were all looked at. Each one plays an important part in the daily trade of items between the United States and China. The goal of the project was to investigate and see just how trade impacts each area.
3. Our Computer and Internet Access
A. Percentage of students using the Internet at home:more than 50%
B. Number of workstations with Internet access in the classroom:more than 6
C. Connection speed used in the classroom:dedicated connection
D. Number of years our classroom has been connected to the Internet:more than 6
E. Additional comments concerning your computer and/or Internet access (Optional):
The Internet is a very useful research tool. However, for this project we were unable to find very much information that pertained to our project.
4. Problems We Had To Overcome
We had one major obstacle in doing our project: finding information. We had a really solid topic, but finding information was rather difficult. We had to cut out a couple of subtopics simply because we were unable to find sources to support the topic. The topic is also very current, which means that there is not a lot of information in books. The Internet provided more information, but it came from unreliable sources. We used news sites to find reliable sources, which included many current magazines and newspapers.
5. Our Project Sound Bite
The Doors
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imzaları final sınavlarının son gününe kadar tamamlanmalıdır.
Hepinize başarılar diliyoruz.
Bölüm BaşkanlığıAfter effects workshop
Adobe After Effects is a digital motion graphics and compositing software published by Adobe Systems, used in the post-production process of filmmaking and television production. Its main uses are the origination of 2D and 2.5D animation, visual effects compositing and finishing (image adjustment, color correction etc.). After Effects can also be used as a basic non-linear editor and a media transcoder.
After effects is split into 4 main sections the bottom two working with time, the middle main window for a preview of your project and an audio window on the right hand side for editing audio.
When opening a new document in after effect rather than going to file new document and opening another blank window you select new composition from the composition window. From here you can set up your document alike to illustrator or photoshop, changing different options to suit the document you're working with. The presets determine what form of output your file will be for, whether its Pal, NTSC, DVC or HDTV.
Once you have your blank window set up and ready to go it should look like the image below, a bit more lively than at first with your blank project ready to get started on.
To get started we needed to create a new shape, just working with a square at first to get used to how the program works. For future reference anything in After effects anything highlighted in yellow can be edited, for example the type to the right.
To create the new shape, I went to layer, new layer then selected solid. This brings up an optional drop down window so that you can create your shape.
The main zoom control when editing your timeline at the bottom of the window looks like the icon to the right.
To isolate layers and open them in separate tabs to each other in the comp window in the left hand side of the screen if you double click each specific layer they are separated out into a new tab for easier viewing.
The preview window is a series of transport controls for playing your media, other than simply pressing the spacebar and playing a project through, it instead creates a temporary file of the project you're working with so when working with a complex file the computer manages the playback smoothly when working with a big file.
At the bottom of the composition window their is a drop down menu allowing us to change the viewing quality of the preview we are seeing above. If You're dealing with high definition films the computer can struggle and not be able to play your media back at a steady rate. If you drop these settings down using this window to quarter, the viewing will appear pixelated or distorted but when rendered it will still remain full quality.
Working in the layers window, if you select transform by clicking the small grey triangle next to your layer and then selecting the drop down transform menu it brings up a list of different modifications you can make to your layer.
When using this drop down menu you can add motion to a certain object. By using the position drop down and moving the layer you are working with you can create a path for the object to follow. This is achieved by selecting the position drop down so that a small yellow diamond appears, then dragging your object to a different area further along your composition.
Key Frames- A key frame in animation and filmmaking is a drawing that defines the starting and ending points of any smooth transition. They are called "frames" because their position in time is measured in frames on a strip of film. A sequence of keyframes defines which movement the viewer will see, whereas the position of the keyframes on the film, video or animation defines the timing of the movement. Because only two or three keyframes over the span of a second do not create the illusion of movement, the remaining frames are filled with inbetweens.
Positioning of key frames allows you to control the speed and distance an object travels on screen.
When using the transform controls there are a series of simple shortcuts so that all of the options aren't displayed and just the allocated toggle you want up will appear.
(Without the command Key)
If you press the U key that exposes all the animated properties of a project. This is useful to find where all your key frames are and adjust them as you need to.
When exporting a file after effects will export the whole duration of your project rather than just the area of time that you have been working with. For example if your file is only 13 seconds but it extends to 30 after effects with export the whole 30 seconds. Selecting the composition menu and then Add to Render Queue, the timeline disappears and the Render queue appears.
Selecting the Lossless option in the Output module Field will bring up a selection window giving you the options of how you would like to export your file.
Once you've selected the options for exporting your project, when clicking render Adobe After effects with start to mange and produce your file, when working with files of a big capacity this can take a while due to the nature of the computer managing with large amounts of data.麻省理工学院跨学科研究实验室 Self-Assembly Lab 近期联手家具、室内设计公司 Steelcase 和获奖产品设计师 Christophe Guberan，开发新型 3D打印技术 Rapid Liquid Printing（快速液体打印）。
Rapid Liquid Printing 是一种突破性的 3D打印技术，使用凝胶悬浮液物理绘制 3D物体。从速度、规模和品质上全面提升未来家具定制的发展方向。
当前，普通 3D打印技术还未成为主流制造工艺有三个原因：
- 与注塑、铸造和铣削等传统工艺相比，速度太慢
- 受到规模的限制，尽管它很适合制作小部件，但不可能生产大件产品
- 与工业材料相比，3D打印材料质量通常较差
但 Rapid Liquid Printing 突破了以上所有限制：
- 它的打印速度非常快，几分钟就能生产出结构产品
- 专为大型产品设计，甚至可以打印整件家具
- 使用真实的工业级材料
与其它技术相比，Rapid Liquid Printing 首次将工业材料和极快的打印速度相结合，精确控制生产大件产品的流程。
Self-Assembly Lab 团队目前的成员包括: Kate Hajash, Bjorn Sparrman, Mattis Koh, Schendy Kernizan, Jared Laucks 和 Skylar Tibbits。
Steelcase 团队成员: Yuka Hiyoshi, Rob Poel, Markus McKenna, Paul Noll, Sharon Tracy, Edward Vander Bilt, Chris Norman 和 Charlie Forslund。
丨消息来源：英文网站 PSFK 和 Self-Assembly Lab 官网
丨图片来源：Self-Assembly Lab 官网Valentino vieta l’angora dopo dialogo con la PETA
Valentino vieta l’angora dopo dialogo con la PETA
Milano – Dopo essere stata contattata dalla PETA, la maison di lusso Valentino ha confermato che, a partire dalla sua collezione autunno/inverno 2022, non utilizzerà l’angora. Inoltre il marchio ha annunciato di recente che eliminerà le pellicce a partire dal 2022 e in precedenza si era impegnato a vietare il vello di alpaca.
“Il futuro della moda sta nei materiali per cui nessun animale ha dovuto soffrire o morire”, afferma Yvonne Taylor, direttore dei progetti aziendali di PETA. “Apprezziamo la decisione di Valentino di continuare il suo percorso verso una moda cruelty-free eliminando dalle sue collezioni le pellicce, il vello di alpaca e ora l’angora, incoraggiando altre marche a seguire il suo esempio”.
Come rivelato da una denuncia della PETA, la maggior parte dei conigli usati per l’angora sono rinchiusi in gabbie minuscole e sporche, e sono circondati dai propri escrementi.Vengono stesi su tavole e il loro pelo viene rimosso con violenza mentre urlano dal dolore. Altri vengono sospesi dal soffitto prima che la loro pelliccia venga tagliata o tosata e, mentre lottano disperatamente per scappare, la loro pelle delicata viene tagliata con strumenti affilati. Solitamente sono sottoposti a questa sofferenza ogni tre mesi.
La PETA, il cui motto recita in parte che “gli animali non sono nostri da indossare” sottolinea che il 90% dell’angora proviene dalla Cina, dove non ci sono sanzioni per gli abusi sugli animali negli allevamenti e non ci sono norme per regolamentarne il trattamento.
Valentino si unisce a centinaia di altri grande case di moda – tra cui Burberry, Chloé, Gucci, Calvin Klein, Hugo Boss, Tommy Hilfiger ed Elisabetta Franchi – che hanno preso posizione contro la pelliccia e l’angora.
La PETA si oppone allo specismo, una visione del mondo suprematista umanabasata sulla supremazia umana. Per ulteriori informazioni, visitare PETA.org.uk PETA.org.uk o seguire il gruppo su Facebook, Twitter, o InstagramFacebook, Twitter o Instagram.
Contatto:
Sascha Camilli +44 (0) 20 7923 6244; [email protected]
#by Roberto and Elio
On April 5th, the eminent biologist Sydney Brenner died aged 92. During his decades-long scientific career, he had a lasting impact on biology by introducing C. elegans, the tiny nematode, as a model organism. But before that, in 1961, he, Francis Crick, and their collaborators were the first to prove that the code for each of the 20 amino acids was a sequence of three bases, the triplet codons. The same year, working with François Jacob and Matthew Meselson, he proved the existence of a "messenger" – a short-lived RNA transcript of the DNA sequence that is then translated into the amino acid sequence of proteins. These two concepts – the triplet code and the messenger (mRNA) – paved the way for molecular biologists around the world to complete the puzzle of linking each DNA or RNA triplet to a specific amino acid or "stop" signal. From 1994 to 2002 he wrote a humorous monthly opinion column for the journal Current Biology under the (not so) pseudonym 'Uncle Syd'. We pay tribute to this wonderful scientist by quoting a short segment from his last column, a paragraph that resonates particularly well with us:
Over the years, I have lamented the disappearance of both thought and experiment from biology and the rise of 'e-biology'. Something tells me, however, that we will soon see the return of older, better ways. Of course they will be practised in secret to begin with, and some practitioners may be martyred for preaching heresy. But gradually, I predict, these pioneers will come to be recognised and followed. No longer will the man carrying an ice bucket through the corridor in a particular way be keeping his dry martinis cold while he reads his e-mail, or hastens to attend his e-meeting or to send his e-report to his e-voice-mail. If there are people out there who are doing experiments or thinking about their results, let's get in touch; just write a letter, or if you are nearby, drop in, but do not on any account send an e-mail.قرارداد ساخت فاز دوم بند کجکی بین وزیر انرژی و آب افغانستان و رییس شرکت خصوصی هفتاد و هفت ترکی، دیروز شنبه در حضور رییس جمهور غنی و در ارگ به امضا رسید.
علی احمد عثمانی، وزیر انرژی و آب افغانستان گفت: “حکومت وحدت ملی در پالیسی خود تشویق سکتور خصوصی را به شکل جدی در نظر دارد و بسترسازی مناسب را در این بخش انجام داده است. حکومت مشوقهای لازم مانند قراردادها، تا امکانات توزیع زمین و تامین امنیت را مدنظر قرار داده است.”
وی افزود که هدف اصلی ساخت فاز دوم بند کجکی برق رسانی بوده و حکومت به سکتور خصوصی فرصت بیشتری برای سرمایه گذاری در عرصه انرژی میدهد.
گفته می شود که فاز دوم بند کجکی ظرفیت تولید ۱۰۰ میگاوات برق را دارد و از این بند برای آبیاری نیز استفاده خواهد شد. براساس آمار وزارت انرژی و آب، این بند ظرفیت ذخیره بیش از دو میلیارد متر مکعب آب را دارد که میتواند صد هزار جریب زمین را نیز آبیاری کند.
قابل ذکر است که بند کجکی بین سالهای ۱۹۵۰ تا ۱۹۵۴ از سوی کمپنی امریکایی موریسن در ولسوالی کجکی ولایت هلمند در ۱۸۰ کیلومتری شمال لشکرگاه ساخته شد، که فاز اول این بند در همان زمان با ظرفیت تولید ۵۱ میگاوات برق، تکمیل گردید.
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Abdullah AtayiIf you’re thinking about a wood burning stove, here’s some independent guidance and advice from expert surveyors.
In 2001, the Government reduced the tax on diesel to encourage its use as a cleaner fuel source, only to determine by 2015 that this was absolutely not the case! Now it is the turn of wood. A new wood-assured policy is now in place whereby only seasoned timber, ideally hardwood, with a moisture content of up to 20% is burned in hearths and stoves. If you cut the wood yourself, the advice is to season it for 2 years and carry out regular servicing of the wood-burning stove.
A wood-burning stove is a heating appliance capable of burning wood fuel and wood-derived biomass, such as wood pellets (as biomass tends to have a very low energy density compared to fossil fuels). There should be a plate in open view on the appliance stating what fuel it uses. Generally the burner consists of a solid metal, cast iron or steel, closed fire chamber with flue, fire brick base and rear shield, plus adjustable air controls. The appliance then connects, in the majority of cases, to a suitable chimney or flue which will fill with hot combustion gases once the fuel is ignited. The flue gases must then become hotter than the outdoor temperature to ensure the combustion gases are drawn out of the fire chamber and up the chimney – simple!
Wood-burning stoves require sweeping more often than an open fire – twice yearly is advised – if they are in regular use. A carbon monoxide alarm is also essential and it is good practice to attach a proprietary heat thermometer to the flue of any wood burning stove to monitor the flue temperatures. These considerations are especially important with thatched properties and the buildings insurance provider may have specific requirements in relation to the matter – specifically what types of cowls, chimney pots, spark guards, etc. may be required if you choose to make use of the fireplace.
Similarly, there are often strict guidelines as to the proximity of outside lights in relation to the thatch eaves. Even modern efficient multi-fuel burners can be a cause for concern if not properly installed and maintained, whilst poor flue liners cause many fires. The intense heat passing up the flue over a long period of time, can transfer heat through a bad or worn lining and/or old brickwork, thus causing the thatch to ignite from the inside.
It is therefore essential that the right flue lining (double skinned) be installed by a specialist who first considers the condition of the stack and its suitability for receiving intense heat. In the event a material change is made to a chimney stack or to the appliance in a combustion system, it will necessitate a thorough upgrade in accordance with modern building regulations implemented in 2001.FACTSHEET: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Homelessness
The ABS definition of homelessness has been developed for application to the general population in Australia. While Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people are over-represented in the measures of homelessness developed with this definition, there are likely to be additional aspects to homelessness from an Indigenous perspective that the definition does not currently adequately capture.
In recognition of the differences in understanding of the concepts of home and homelessness in the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australian context, the ABS is undertaking further research about how the ABS statistical definition of homelessness may be understood in the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australian context. This work will also inform both Census enumeration and subsequent estimation of homelessness among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians. The ABS will also work to develop a culturally appropriate module on previous experiences of homelessness suitable for inclusion in the National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Social Survey which can be compared to estimates from the total population from the 2014 General Social Survey.
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians have been under enumerated in the Census and estimates of homeless based on Census data will be an underestimation. In the 2011 Census, the underenumeration of Indigenous Australians was 17.2%. Some of those who were under-enumerated may have been homeless at the time of the Census.
Underestimation of homeless among those Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians who were enumerated in the Census may occur as, for some Indigenous people, 'incorrect' information regarding 'usual residence' may have provided which masks their homelessness.
It is debated in the literature whether the concept of 'no usual address' is appropriate for some Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians. Morphy (2007) discusses the problems in defining a 'usual resident' and 'visitor' in an Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australian context, as the distinction between 'my country / not my country' is more salient than the distinction between 'resident / visitor'. This issue becomes particularly problematic for people who are highly mobile. Chamberlain and MacKenzie (2008) also discuss the relevance of 'no usual address' to the Indigenous population, as the 'usual address' question is approached with a different cultural frame of reference. They note that it is not culturally appropriate to record 'no usual address' on Census night because 'home' is understood in a different way, particularly when Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people are staying with their extended family. Due to the different cultural frame of reference for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, it is widely assumed that the western concept of 'no usual address' is under-reported by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians. This issue will impact on Census based estimates of homelessness among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander persons enumerated in the Census who are classified as being in the categories for 'improvised dwellings, tents, sleepers out', or temporarily visiting friends or relatives while homeless.
As part of the development for Census 2016, the ABS will consider how they can improve the identification of homeless Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians in the Census but recognise the need to use other data sources to gain a more complete picture of homelessness.
For more information on the definition of homelessness or the methodology for estimating homelessness from the Census see Information Paper - A Statistical Definition of Homelessness (cat. no. 4922.0) and Information Paper: Methodology for Estimating Homelessness from the Census of Population and Housing (cat. no. 2049.0.55.001).Excerpted from Beyond Civilization by Daniel Quinn. Copyright © 2000 by Daniel Quinn. Excerpted by permission of Broadway Books, a division of Random House LLC. All rights reserved. No part of this excerpt may be reproduced or reprinted without permission in writing from the publisher.
1. What does Quinn gain by starting with a fable? What effect did reading this fable have on you? The fable is a mixture of realistic elements and fabulous elements. Which are
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Devlet ve Yabancı Ülkelerdeki Hukuku, Rusya Federasyonu, medeni hukuk, ceza hukuku, noterler, vergi hukukunun faaliyetlerinin temeli Anayasa Hukuku Tarihi devlet ve hukuk tarihinin teorisi.... [-]
Rus Halkların Dostluk Üniversitesi yabancı uyruklu öğrenciler için çalışma Rusça yenilikçi lisans programına kabul duyurdu [+]
Yabancı Bölgesel Çalışmalar Lisans
Rus Halkların Dostluk Üniversitesi uluslararası öğrencilere Rus çalışmanın yenilikçi lisans programına kabul duyurdu.
Seni bekliyorum:
• Yabancı öğrenciler için dünyanın önde gelen Rusça dil okulu;
Rus çalışmaları alanında mesleki bilgi ve becerilerini oluşturan • Yenilikçi disiplinler arası müfredat;
• Profesyonel bir kariyer umudu
ulusötesi şirketlerin; • fırsat dünyanın dört bir yanından gelen öğrencilerle eğitim ve tek Rus üniversite, yeni arkadaşlar edinmek için hangi 140 ülkeden elit geleceğini şekillendirme elli yıldan fazla için.
Rusya Çalışmaları Diploma aşağıdaki alanlarda profesyonel kariyer için eğitim vermektedir: uluslararası hukuk, diplomasi hizmet, uluslararası ilişkiler, işletme, gazetecilik, ve diğerleri. Rus çalışmalar, öğrencilerimizin de lisans programında okurken:... [-]
[+]
Hedef: Lisans Eğitim Dili: Rusça Dil Eğitim: Tam Zamanlı 65,000 rubleye mal[-]Manchester United'ın PSV Eindhoven'a 2-1 yenildiği UEFA Şampiyonlar Ligi grup maçında sakatlanan Luke Shaw'un ayağında iki kırık tespit edildiği ve sahalardan uzun süre uzak kalacağı açıklandı.
Manchester United Kulübü'nün internet sitesinden yapılan açıklamada, karşılaşmanın 15. dakikasında PSV'den Hector Moreno'nun müdahalesinin ardından sakatlanarak oyunundan çıkmak zorunda kalan İngiliz oyuncunun sağlık kontrolünden geçirildiği belirtildi.
KAVAL VE BALDIR KEMİĞİ KIRILDI
Açıklamada, kaval ve baldır kemiğinde kırığa rastlanan 20 yaşındaki futbolcunun ameliyata alınacağı ve uzun bir süre yeşil sahalara dönemeyeceği ifade edildi.
SOYUNMA ODASINDA AĞLIYORDU
Manchester United Teknik Direktörü Louis van Gaal, sakatlanan Shaw'un yeşil sahalardan 4-6 ay arası uzak kalmasını beklediğini söyledi. Van Gaal "Bu çok korkunç ve sert bir müdahale oldu. Shaw soyunma odasında ağlıyordu. Futbolda böyle müdahalere yer yok" dedi.
Shaw ile aynı sakatlığı 2010'da yaşayan ve 9 ay sonra sahalara dönebilen Arsenal'ın orta saha oyuncusu Aaron Ramsey ise sosyal paylaşalım sitesi Twitter hesabından meslektaşına "geçmiş olsun" mesajı yazdı.
MİLLİ TAKIMDA DA OYNUYOR
İngiltere Milli Takımı'nda da forma giyen Shaw, bu sezon Manchester United'ın oynadığı 8 maça da ilk 11'de çıkmıştı.
Manchester United, 20 yaşındaki Shaw'u geçen yıl 37.5 milyon Euro karşılığında Southampton'dan transfer etmişti.
Son Güncelleme: 16.09.2015 13:33به گزارش کندونیوز، پنج مرحله از تور دوچرخهسواری فرانسه (تور دو فرانس) که معتبرترین تور دوچرخهسواری در جهان است، برگزار شد.
در مرحله پنجم این تور اتفاق جالبی رخ داد؛ جولیان آلافیلیپ، رکابزن فرانسوی تیم کوییک استپ بلژیک از مرحله دوم تا چهارم پیراهن طلایی که مهمترین پیراهن تور است را بر تن داشت اما در مرحله پنجم براثر یک اشتباه این پیراهن را از تن درآورد.
طبق قانون، در ۲۰ کیلومتر پایانی تور رکابزنان نمیتوانند آب و مواد غذایی بگیرند و آلا فیلیپ هم در ۲۰ کیلومتر پایانی یک قمقمه آب گرفت که همین مسئله باعث شد ۲۰ ثانیه جریمه شود.
همین ۲۰ ثانیه باعث شد پیراهن طلایی را از دست بدهد و اکنون آدام یاتیس بریتانیایی پیراهن را به دست آورد.
آلا فیلیپ با این جریمه درمجموع پنجم مرحله تور از رده اول به شانزدهم سقوط کرد.
انتهای پیام/#克爾科里恩與邦德相好十載，前者卻不肯結婚。克爾科里恩最後雖為了孩子名分簽下婚書，但兩人婚前竟協議婚後四周離婚，但離婚後續同居，兩人關係奇異。
現年三十六歲的邦德本是職業網球手，一九八八年退休前，世界排名曾上到第七位。她於八六年邂逅克爾科里恩，兩人最初只屬普通朋友，閒時一起打網球，到九一年邦德婚姻破裂後兩人才墮入愛河。
離婚後繼續同居
九七年，渴望結婚的邦德向克爾科里恩迫婚不成，決定與克爾科里恩分手，但旋即發現自己懷了身孕，於是和克爾科里恩復合，於翌年三月誕下女兒基拉。
九九年八月，即基拉出生十七個月後，結過兩次婚的克爾科里恩為了讓女兒有婚生子女的名分，終於不情不願地跟邦德結婚。不過，他預先跟邦德講好條件──一個月後她必須申請離婚，放棄索取贍養費。
離婚後，克爾科里恩仍跟邦德同住在加州比華利山的豪宅，繼續負責邦德與女兒的開支。直至去年夏天，邦德指克爾科里恩拈花惹草，兩人終於鬧翻，克爾科里恩亦收緊對邦德母女倆的財政資助。
綜合外電報道Presidential candidates stayed above the battle until William Jennings Bryan stumped the nation in 1896; they’ve been in the thick of it ever since
The most confident prediction that can be made about the 1980 presidential campaign is that the nominees will invest enormous energy, time, and money in stumping the country. Even though television can now bring them effortlessly into the nation’s living rooms, candidates eagerly commit themselves, sometimes against the advice of their most expert strategists, to the grind and risk of the campaign tour, a hullabaloo of marching bands, pressing throngs, outstretched hands, the candidate fatigued and hoarse, shouting platitudes about the beauty of the countryside, the virtues of its citizens and of their sterling leaders—provided they belong to his party.
It would seem that this boisterous ritual has been going on since the early days of the Republic, and one can imagine, say, Andrew Jackson striding through a shouting mob to the steps of a small-town courthouse, there to give a tough speech against the Bank, and broach a keg of cider. And, in the main, this picture is accurate: there have always been speeches, and cheering crowds, and free cider. But there is one very significant anomaly—until a time within the living memory of many Americans, the candidate himself never even considered appearing.
The inventor of this uniquely American madness was thirty-six-year-old Democratic nominee William Jennings Bryan, who, in 1896, committed the full, torrential energy of his huge physique and relative youth to an all-out, grand-scale campaign tour against the Republican nominee, William McKinley. His raucous example has been followed slavishly by candidates ever since.
Before Bryan’s time, presidential “campaigning” was hardly worthy of the name; it was staid and muted, constrained by a decorum that deferred to the presumed majesty of the office and that regarded an active, visible candidacy as unseemly. Thomas Jefferson set the standard in 1800. Though others campaigned ardently in his behalf, Jefferson did virtually nothing, remaining in discreet seclusion at Monticello. Although letters flowed in from his fellow Democratic-Republicans around the country, keeping him in touch with the campaign, Jefferson scrupulously abstained from political comment even in correspondence with his closest friends.
Instead, the campaign of 1800 was conducted through pamphlets—more than a hundred of them—and by an avalanche of communications in the press. Jefferson’s reticence finally prompted Federalist newspapers to carry stories that after an illness of forty-eight hours he had died. Alert Jeffersonians noted that these reports were timed to precede the year’s Fourth of July celebrations, then largely a personal commemoration of their hero’s authorship of the Declaration of Independence, in order to dampen their festive ardor. The most direct involvement Jefferson allowed himself was to correct the draft of a biographical pamphlet, a forerunner of the campaign biography, which included an affirmation, in bold type, that “ Jefferson still lives .”
Jefferson’s pattern of decorous reserve was closely observed for decades. Even Andrew Jackson declined to attend public dinners or travel into other states, boasting proudly at the campaign’s close, “I have not gone into the highways and market places to proclaim my opinions.” He did meet with delegations of politicians and conduct a voluminous correspondence in the press, explaining his views and refuting the “falsehoods and calumny” of his critics.
Abraham Lincoln, despite the enthusiasm his name inspired in 1860, was a model of prim reserve. For all of a long campaign, from May until December, he was removed from public view. Although he managed a flood of visitors and endless correspondence, he made virtually no speeches and left the campaigning to others. Lincoln’s successors in the nineteenth century continued to cultivate the traditional image of disinterested patriotism, leaving active campaigning to party colleagues. In 1876, Rutherford B. Hayes even squirmed over the propriety of attending Ohio day at the Philadelphia fair, although he was Ohio’s governor as well as the Republican presidential candidate and everyone agreed the occasion was nonpolitical.
There were a handful of overeager exceptions to the rule. Horace Greeley, editor of the New York Tribune and nominee of the Liberal Republicans in 1872, and General James Baird Weaver, nominee of the Greenback party in 1880 and of the Populists in 1892, timidly ventured onto the campaign trail for modest schedules of speechmaking.
Republican James G. Blaine, the “Plumed Knight” of Maine, stretched popular campaigning still further in his 1884 race against Grover Cleveland—and met disaster. Politicians in the East and in the border states, imperiled by the lapping waters of uncertain elections, begged Blaine, whose votegetting magic they venerated, to come to their rescue. Heading west, Blaine moved deftly but wearily through a lengthy schedule of speeches, made bearable only by the warmth of embattled politicians eagerly awaiting his visit.
Although he longed for a respite, Blaine was persuaded to campaign in New York State. At a welcoming ceremony at the Fifth Avenue Hotel in New York City, the spokesman for the greeting committee was the Reverend Samuel D. Burchard, described by the New York Sun as an “early Paleozoic bigot” and later by Blaine himself as “an ass in the shape of a preacher.” In the same monotone he employed for his other remarks, the cleric said, “We are Republicans and don’t propose to leave our party and identify ourselves with the party whose antecedents have been rum, Romanism, and rebellion. We are loyal to our flag. We are loyal to you.”
Standing impassively at the foot of the hotel’s stairway, his audience filling the lobby, the exhausted Blaine failed to dissociate himself from Burchard’s inflammatory remarks in his own address, concentrating instead on demonstrating a link between the protective tariff and Christian charity. He never lived it down.
William Jennings Bryan was different from his predecessors. Given his talents, upbringing, and political history, it was inconceivable that he would have settled into the traditional candidate’s stance of decorous reserve, even if George Washington himself had graven in stone a commandment prescribing it. His handsome presence and rare oratorical talents demanded that he be seen and heard. Tall and slender, he was “every inch an Apollo,” according to an admirer; his eyes flashed beneath a bold but receding crest of raven hair, and commitment and inspiration illuminated his face. His voice had a fetching timbre and a pitch that enabled it to carry effortlessly and distinctly to the farthest reaches of huge convention halls and outdoor meetings.
Both from family upbringing and from schooling, Bryan was trained to revere declamation as an art and to master its skills. An unsuccessful lawyer, first in Jacksonville, Illinois, and then in Lincoln, Nebraska, he turned to politics in the 1880’s, campaigning for local Democratic tickets in Nebraska, and his reputation quickly fanned out as the state party’s best campaigner. In 1890 he ran for Congress when no established politician wished to challenge the popular Republican incumbent, conducting a whirlwind campaign that missed hardly a crossroad in his sprawling multicounty district and overwhelming his opponent in a series of debates.
Bryan served two terms in Congress, whereupon the Republican-controlled Nebraska legislature gerrymandered his district. Facing certain defeat, he chose not to run again.
In his brief career, Bryan had worked in close alliance with the Populist party and specialized in the money question- the relation of gold to silver and its consequences for the quantity of money in circulation. The quantity of money determined the welfare of his farming constituency. Typically, farmers expanded their acreage and borrowed in intervals of prosperity; then too often they were trapped by a suddenly fluctuating economy, forced to market their crops in a period of deflation and lowered prices. Heavy debt and mortgage foreclosures were the result. The perpetrators of this misery, according to Bryan and other Populists, were Eastern bankers, “Wall Street,” and subservient politicians who limited the coinage of silver and the general money supply.
In 1895 Bryan became a prominent lecturer and strategist for the movement for the free coinage of silver at a ratio to gold of 16 to 1, which was spreading with the fury of a national forest-fire. Lecture bureaus vied to represent him, and his tours led him all over the country. Each appearance had the trappings of a political rally—a speaker’s stand covered with spangled bunting, hawkers of “16 to 1” hats and other silver-oriented adornments moving through the crowd, a brass band, and the crowd itself, huge, attentive, exuberant.
One year later, in the 1896 presidential campaign, the nominee not only of the Democratic party, but of the Populist and National Silver parties as well, Bryan faced a question of basic strategy. Should he follow the practice of General James B. Weaver, the Populist nominee of 1892, and venture into every state, expounding his great cause? Bryan thought so, but when he outlined such a plan, including an extended tour of the East, to the Democratic National Committee, they instantly vetoed it, demanding that he concentrate instead on the West and South, and write off the East as lost to the GOP. A shortage of funds was the problem. While money cascaded into the coffers of William McKinley and his peerless fund raiser, Mark Hanna, it only trickled into Bryan’s basket. Wealthy Democrats, distressed by his nomination and his economic policies, were leaving the party in droves.
To the incumbent Democratic President, Grover Cleveland, a sound money man, the nomination was a personal repudiation. The President’s aide, William C. Whitney, political manager of the Democratic sound-money forces, declared ominously that he would not support the Chicago ticket. The Nation , the leading Democratic intellectual journal, condemned the Chicago convention as a “collection of inflammatory and reckless men,” and predicted that the Eastern branch of the party would renounce the ticket.
Following his notification of the nomination and his speech accepting it at Madison Square Garden in New York City, Bryan and his wife Mary, a shrewd judge of character thought by many to be more politically astute than her husband, visited Democratic leaders in New York State, seeking their support. The results were unencouraging, if not unnerving. Even the state Democratic chairman was noncommittal, and though Bryan lavished hours of camaraderie on the most powerful upstate Democrat, David Bennett Hill, nothing came of it. Hill wouldn’t speak to the press.
The chilly rebuff convinced Bryan that much of the regular Democratic party organization was unalterably opposed to him. For his candidacy to go anywhere, he had to take to the campaign trail. He began at once a slow railroad journey, with many stops for speaking, from New York to Chicago, where his Labor Day speech was scheduled.
Labor Day in Chicago, the official opening of Bryan’s extraordinary campaign, was a triumph for himself and for his sponsor, the city’s Building Trades Council. Forty thousand supporters paraded in welcome; thousands more workingmen and their families flocked to hear him speak at Sharpshooter’s Park, though it was well outside the city and hard to get to. The grounds were jammed; men and boys perched in trees overhanging the speakers’ stand; the crush became so intense that Bryan implored the crowd to stay back and stopped his speech again and again to pour glasses of water and help revive fainting women.
The exhilaration of Chicago revived the Bryans’ spirits and made them receptive to new advice about the nagging question of campaigning in the East. A reporter whose opinions Bryan valued warned that he should not be fooled by the hostility of New York’s Democratic leaders: Whitney and other powers were acknowledging privately that the silver ticket “will carry the state.” Similar encouragement came from Pennsylvania. Let Bryan not be misled by the coolness of the state organization; the local clubs were “enthusiastic in the belief that Pennsylvania can be carried for you.”
The frenzied tenor of Republican oratory, too, provided incentive for a truly national tour. Bryan was being depicted as a monster, the ruination of the Republic, an anarchist, and a fool: Theodore Roosevelt dismissed him as “a mere boy, without intelligence or power.” A common Republican oratorical device depicted Bryan as President summoning a cabinet of John Peter Altgeld, “Pitchfork Ben” Tillman, Eugene V. Debs, and other supposed apostles of radicalism whom Roosevelt anticipated meeting someday “on the field of battle, sword in hand.” Bryan now felt he had to stump the country to allow the citizenry to see with their own eyes that he was not the Devil with horns. The Bryans decided to campaign in every section, West, South, and East.
After Chicago, Bryan, traveling by train, pushed on to St. Louis and then to Louisville, scarcely missing a way station. In Louisville, the great crowds were so enthusiastic that they cheered at anything, and when Matt O’Doherty, a Silver Republican and the Louisville meeting’s chairman, made a wild
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alone―when she does her business,” says Millman.
What to do: “Teach her that she needs to go before the walk starts,” says Millman. Take her to a specific location and use a command, such as “Go potty.” Wait a few minutes. If she goes on cue, give her praise and a treat; if not, bring her inside and try again in 10 minutes. Once your dog responds to the potty command, take her for a walk. This training requires time and patience. You may have to wake up earlier for a few weeks to get her into the habit.Many parts of the Bible, which consist of poetry, proverbs, prophesy, laws and instructions, cannot really said to be true or false. Thus, the consideration is whether the history recorded in the Bible is accurate. For the most part, the answer is "yes". The Bible is as accurate as any history of events that happened thousands of years ago. Obviously, it is written from the perspective of one group of people, and the reader needs to consider their viewpoint, biases, and reasons for recording events when deciding which passages are believeable. This is true of any history.
The Bible records a long genealogy, from Jesus back through the kings of Israel to early leaders of the tribe. In places, this lineage can be confirmed by other histories, in others it is the only record. It is quite plausibly accurate all the way back to Adam. One does not need to accept the ideas of creationism, or the notion that Adam was the first human being, to believe that he did exist, the earliest recorded leader of the tribe that would become Israel. Like many other ancient cultures, this tribe had a long oral tradition, including a record of its ancestors and heroes that was passed down for generations until it was finally written down.
For the oldest events in the Bible, various correlations with events known from other historical and archaeological sources are really just a matter of conjecture. Perhaps the oldest of these is the Flood. Other Middle Eastern cultures, notably the Sumerian share very similar flood myths. Geologists have recent shown that the Black Seas was a small freshwater lake until the rising sea level at the end of the last ice age caused Mediterranean Sea waters to flood it sometime around 5000 B.C. Most likely, the legends are based on this prehistoric event.
One contradiction arises at this point. If the genealogy is correct, Noah did not live that long ago, so either the lineage is wrong or Noah did not really experience the flood. It may be that the flood myth was tied to his name the same way that the creation myth was tied to Adam's.
Another event that can be tied to historical and geological events is the Exodus. The fifteenth and sixteenth Egyptian dynasties, who ruled from about 1780 to 1570 B.C. came from a Semitic people called the Hyksos. When Joseph led his brothers and their families to Egypt, it was likely during their rule. Their subsequent overthrow would then be the basis of the verse "Now there arose up a new king over Egypt, which knew not Joseph" (Exodus 1:8). Under this new dynasty, the tribe of Israel were enslaved.
Around this time, a volcanic island named Santorini in the Mediterranean exploded, similarly to the island of Krakatoa in the South Pacific in 1883. This catastrophic event caused tidal waves and earthquakes throughout the eastern Mediterranean basin, and is believed to be one of the key reasons for the fall of Minoan civilisation on Crete. They could also explain the strange phenomena (raining frogs and such) recorded in Exodus as the plagues, and even account for the parting of the Red Sea. (Note that the Hebrew name Yâm-Sûph probably referred to a body known as the Sea of Reeds, a shallow, marshy body of water at the north end of what is now known as the Red Sea.)
From this time forward, there are an increasing number of other sources that confirm the Biblical account of events (for example, historical records from the various kingdoms that conquered Israel).Humane Education for a Peaceful and Sustainable World
by Zoe Weil
— This week Advocacy for Animals makes an encore presentation of an article that first appeared on our site in 2008: an introduction to humane education by Zoe Weil that originally appeared as a chapter in the book Living a Life of Value: A Unique Anthology of Essays on Value & Ethics by Contemporary Writers (2006), edited by Jason A. Merchey. Zoe Weil is the cofounder and president of the Institute for Humane Education (IHE). IHE trains individuals to be effective humane educators and offers the only Master of Education degree in humane education, through an affiliation with Cambridge College, in the U.S. IHE also offers humane education weekend workshops throughout the U.S. and Canada.
What if, by the time they had completed 8th grade, all children were aware of and concerned about the people who make their sneakers, T-shirts, and electronics in factories around the globe, and realized that their money and choices represented their vote for working conditions throughout the world? What if they understood the relationship between the food in their cafeteria, growing obesity rates and ill-health, water pollution and soil erosion, and the suffering of farmed animals, so that with their teachers and school administrators they were able to influence the food service to offer healthy, organic, humanely produced meals? continue reading…LIVE MUSIC FESTIVALIl Festival dei veri...sosia!
L' unico festival itinerante capace di ricreare i suoni e le emozioni della storia del Rock Nazionale ed Internazionale.
Allacciate le cinture di sicurezza e reggetevi...Read more
Dopo essersi diplomata nel 1990 al balletto di Roma, nella stagione 1990/1991 esordisce come ballerina nella trasmissione Club '92 con Gigi Proietti. L'anno successivo, tra il 1991/1992, acquista molta popolarità...Read more
Caratteristica principale dello spettacolo di cabaret di Pablo & Pedro è che non è mai uguale, ma cambia di serata in serata, a seconda dell'ispirazione e del pubblico in sala...Read more
Le sue capacità di imitare si vedono fin dai primi anni di scuola, in cui si diverte a fare il verso ai compagni e professori ma soprattutto al suo idolo...Read more
Rock'n'Roll will never die(il Rock'n'Roll non morirà mai), questa frase pronunciata e cantata milioni di volte, è la prova di come il Rock non sia solo un genere musicale, ma...Read more
Dopo un passato da modello, disegnatore in uno studio di arredamento e gestore di una palestra, debutta come attore, lavorando numerose volte con Christian De Sica sia nel cinema che...Read moreDSM
Vikimedya anlam ayrımı sayfası
DSM şu anlamlara gelebilir:
- Mental Bozuklukların Tanısal ve Sayımsal El Kitabı veya DSM, son baskısı DSM-V olan zihinsel hastalıklar için tanı ölçütü el kitapçığı
- Darüsselam, Tanzanya'da bir şehir
- Dirty Sexy Money, ABD yapımı TV dizisi
- Des Moines, Iowa Eyâleti'nin en büyük şehri ve aynı zamanda başkenti
- Dokuz Sekiz Müzik, Aralık 2002'den bu yana faaliyet gösteren Türk müzik şirketi.
| Bu anlam ayrımı sayfası DSM ile benzer ada sahip maddeleri listeler.
Eğer bir iç bağlantıdan bu sayfaya eriştiyseniz, lütfen kullandığınız bağlantıyı ilgili maddeye yönlendirin.Information identified as archived on the Web is for reference, research or recordkeeping purposes. It has not been altered or updated after the date of archiving. Web pages that are archived on the Web are not subject to the Government of Canada Web Standards. As per the Communications Policy of the Government of Canada, you can request alternate formats by contacting us.
The Higgs boson is a hypothetical subatomic particle. Finding the Higgs boson, if it exists at all, will answer fundamental questions about how other subatomic particles acquire their mass.
The Higgs theory was proposed in 1964 by Peter Higgs of Edinburgh University to explain why particles differ so dramatically in mass and energy.
According to the theory, all particles had no mass just after the Big Bang. But as the universe cooled, an invisible force field that permeates all of space (now called the Higgs field) and the associated “Higgs boson” were created. As particles move through space they would pass through this field. Particles that interact with the field would acquire what appears to be mass via the Higgs boson. To some particles, the Higgs field would be like heavy oil through which they move sluggishly, making them heavy. To others, the Higgs is like water and to some, such as photons (particles of light with no mass), the Higgs field would be unfelt and invisible.
The Standard Model of particle physics predicts that CERN’s proton blaster should find the Higgs boson. However, scientists do not know the mass of the Higgs boson, which will make it harder to detect. If the Higgs boson is not found, scientists will need to consider new theories to explain particle mass.
ISSN 1927-0275 = Dimensions (Ottawa. Online)When the tumor(s) is large or located in an area where surgery might be difficult, or the cancer has spread to the other lung or into other organs in the chest, chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy may be used first. In some cases the tumor is reduced enough to be surgically removed.
Surgery causes a number of side effects, some of which may go away within days or weeks, some of which may last for longer periods of time. Pain is an expected side effect and immediately after surgery patients are usually provided with effective medications. Some pain, though, is tenacious. Many people who have lung surgery complain of lasting pain at the incision sites. This is especially difficult for women because the incision line is often right at the bra line. Many women find alternatives to tight clothing to avoid this irritating and lasting pain.
Another side effect that is not often mentioned is the stress of the surgery itself, along with the stress on the body from the anesthetic and other medications used during surgery. These all tend to reduce the ability of your natural immune system to ward off infection.
Many women with lung cancer will need radiation therapy at some time during their illness, either as treatment or as a means of symptom management (palliation). Radiation therapy consists of directing a beam of high-energy rays at a tumor. By injuring cancer cells so that they cannot continue to multiply, the radiation slows down or stops tumor growth. The amount of radiation is based on the size and location of the tumor. Some of the side effects associated with radiation include fatigue, dry or sore throat, skin irritation, loss of hair (in the treated area only).Which is correct?
A bar code symbol typically consists of five _____ a quiet zone, a start character, data characters, a stop character and another quiet zone.
Use a colon to introduce a list. A semicolon joins two independent clauses.
See an entertaining video on advanced punctuation on YouTube.
On Turner Ink, Sarah Turner covers more rules for using semicolons.
Follow us on Twitter @tao_of_grammarKullanılan Malzemeler
2 adet pırasa
2 çorba kaşığı zeytinyağı
1 adet soğan
1 adet havuç
1 su bardağı pirinç
2 yemek kaşığı un
2 su bardağı tavuk suyu
Karabiber
Tuz
2-3 dal maydanoz
Pirinçlı Pırasa Çorbası Yapılışı
Pırasaları temizledikten sonra minik minik doğrayalım. Soğanlı küçük küpler şeklinde doğrayarak hazırlayın. Küp küp doğradığımız soğanları pembeleşinceye kadar zeytinyağında kavuralım. İçerisine bir miktar un ilave edip biraz karıştırdıktan sonra, pırasayı da ekleyerek karıştıralım. Rendelediğimiz havuçları karışımın içine ekleyerek iyice karıştıralım. Tavuk suyunu ve suyu çorbaya ekleyerek tuz ve biber ile tatlandıralım. Pirinçleri yıkayıp süzgeçten geçirdikten sonra çorbanın içine ilave edelim. Pişen çorbamızın altını kapatalım ve maydanoz ile süsleyerek servis yapalım. Afiyet olsun.
Diğer Konularımız
- İşkembe Çorbası Tarifi
Malzeme Listesi 500 gram...
- Nohutlu Yayla Çorbası Tarifi
Malzeme Listesi 1 litre...
- Tavuklu Mercimek Çorbası Tarifi
Malzeme Listesi 2 tane...
- Damla Sakızlı Soğuk Çorba Tarifi
Malzeme Listesi 250 gram...
- Bezelye Çorbası Tarifi
Malzeme Listesi 500 gram...
- Domates Çorbası Tarifi
Malzeme Listesi 4 bardak...ترمیم بخش هایی از دیواره بزرگ مرجانی استرالیا
به گزارش گل بخر بر مبنای نتایج یک بررسی، بخش هایی از دیواره بزرگ مرجانی استرالیا بالاترین پوشش مرجانی را طی ۳۶ سال قبل نشان داده است.
به گزارش گل بخر به نقل از ایسنا، در این بررسی مشخص شد که دو سوم از دیواره بزرگ مرجانی استرالیا دارای بیشترین میزان پوشش مرجانی در ۳۶ سال قبل است، اما این صخره همچنان در مقابل پدیده سفید شدگی صدمه پذیر است.
در گزارش سالانه موسسه علوم دریایی استرالیا آمده است: آنچه مشاهده می شود این است که دیواره بزرگ مرجانی هنوز یک سیستم انعطاف پذیر است و همچنان از توانایی لازم برای بازیابی و ترمیم برخوردار است، اما نکته نگران کننده این است که فراوانی رویدادهای صدمه زننده بخصوص پدیده سفید شدگی مرجان ها رو به افزایش است.
به گزارش خبرگزاری رویترز، بنابر این گزارش، در مناطق شمالی، متوسط پوشش مرجانی سخت از ۱۳ درصد در سال ۲۰۱۷ به ۳۶ درصد در سال ۲۰۲۲ رسیده، در صورتی که در بخش های مرکزی، پوشش مرجانی سخت از ۱۲ درصد در سال ۲۰۱۹ به ۳۳ درصد افزایش پیدا کرده که بالاترین سطح ثبت شده برای هر دو منطقه است. هرچند، در منطقه جنوبی که به صورت کلی پوشش مرجانی سخت بیشتری نسبت به دو منطقه دیگر دارد، پوشش مرجانی روند کاهشی داشته است.
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نظرات بینندگان در مورد این مطلبEx viola, le scuse di Cabral ai tifosi del Benfica dopo il gestaccio: ecco il video
L'ex attaccante della Fiorentina, Arthur Cabral, è stato protagonista di un brutto episodio nei confronti dei tifosi del Benfica
Caduta di stile per l'ex attaccante della Fiorentina Arthur Cabral che oggi calciatore del Benfica, non sta regalando gesta indimenticabili sul campo, anzi sta offrendo gesti (gestacci) assolutamente evitabili.
Il gestaccio
Al Benfica per il brasiliano Arthur Cabral, le cose non vanno assolutamente nel verso giusto, anzi. Nel corso del match di ieri tra appunto il Benfica e il Farense, in occasione del pareggio, l'attaccante brasiliano ex viola, secondo quanto riferito dall'emittente televisiva portoghese CMTV, alcuni sostenitori del club portoghese dove milita Arthur, si sono avvicinati all'uscita del parcheggio riservato alle auto dei giocatori. Nonostante l'intervento della polizia abbia fatto il possibile per evitare il contatto ravvicinato tra tifosi e calciatori, le due parti sono state molto vicine dove sono partiti gli insulti e dove l'attaccante ex viola ha minacciato di andarsene facendo gestacci.
Il video delle scuse
Proprio Cabral sul suo profilo Instagram ha voluto pubblicare un video di scuse promettendo anche che alcune cose e certi episodi non succederanno più. Ecco il video:Mature carpenter ant nests will contain about 3000 ants and can occupy a very large area.
Carpenter ants can enter structures in a number of ways. A single queen can enter the home and begin laying eggs. An entire colony can move in using telephone or hydro lines, fences, tree limbs touching the house or simply march across the lawn and up the side of the house. Another way is through firewood. Carpenter ants become dormant in the winter. If infested wood is brought in, the dormant ants can revive when the wood warms up, and possibly move into the structure of the house. Stumps, dead limbs, rotting decks, fences, railway ties and firewood are some common sources in the yard. Eliminating carpenter ants involves finding the nest. Watching for areas of heavy activity, observing where the ants go in and out of the woodwork, listening for noises made by the colony, looking for sawdust piles and watching for activity on the exterior are all ways of trying to determine the nest location. Check for areas that may have a moisture problem such as leaks around tubs or showers, leaking plumbing, roof leaks, leaks around windows, etc.
Carpenter ants are mainly nocturnal and activity peaks during the night. They are most actiVe in warm, humid weather and less active when it is cool. All ants produce a winged stage at a certain time of the year. These are the reproductive stage or Kings and Queens. Carpenter ant reproductives emerge in late spring or early summer. This stage is only produced in well established colonies. It is possible to have more than one nest especially if the ants have been there for a long time. We have inspected homes with multiple nests scattered throughout the house. Prevention of carpenter ants involves eliminating moisture problems, pruning back tree limbs touching the house, removing rotting wood from decks, fences, tree stumps or other sources such as railway ties and firewood close to the house. Treatment of these ants often involves drilling small holes into the nest area and injecting insecticide into the nest. In some cases it may be necessary to pull off trim or paneling to get to the colony. Treating around the outside perimeter will also help.
Although carpenter ants can severely damage a section of wood such as a window sill, beam or stud, especially if it has been water damaged, they will not cause the house to come crashing down around you. Their damage is usually confined to relatively small areas. Well established colonies however can be a major annoyance with large numbers of ants roaming through the house each spring and early summer.Dünyadaki en güçlü yaratık olarak bilinen tardigrad veya su ayısı, süper hayatta kalma yeteneğine sahiptir ama şanssız bir kaderi vardır. Bilim adamlarının sunduğu acımasız deneylerle sürekli yüzleşmek zorundadır.
Japonya’daki Tokyo Üniversitesi tarafından yapılan bir araştırmaya göre, tardigratların kurumayı önlemek için başka bir hayatta kalma becerisi daha var, bu da “sakızımsı su ayısı” haline dönüşmek.
Tokyo Üniversitesi Biyolojik
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representative cases.
The correlation between falling crime rates and the establishment of community policing may be coincidental. The fact is that over the past few years crime has been declining and has done so in communities where there is no community policing.
Police brutality can be an unintended outgrowth of aggressive policing. There is a thin line between law enforcement that is aptly forceful and law enforcement that is unduly brutal or abusive. The New York police stepped over the line in the 1997 sodomizing torture of Haitian immigrant Abner Louima in a Brooklyn station house and in the 1999 killing of Amadou Diallo, an unarmed African immigrant, in a fusillade of police fire in the Bronx. Underlying this problem is the recurring tension between public safety and civil liberties. If the police become more aggressive, the streets may become safer, but innocent people's rights may be compromised as a result.
Evaluating community policing
To date, no scientific evaluations of community policing are available. Until such evaluations become available, one would be jumping to conclusions to say that community policing does or doesn't work.کیومرث حبیبی از اساتید دانشگاه کردستان که کمتر از چند هفته است سکان معاونت عمرانی استانداری کردستان را در دست گرفته روز گذشته در بازدید از گردنه صلوات آباد سنندج به خبرنگار صدا و سیما اظهار داشت: «برخی مشکلات ساختاری در شرایط فعلی باعث افزایش کشته های جاده ای در این گردنه شده است»
کیومرث حبیبی از اساتید دانشگاه کردستان که کمتر از چند هفته است سکان معاونت عمرانی استانداری کردستان را در دست گرفته روز گذشته در بازدید از گردنه صلوات آباد سنندج به خبرنگار صدا و سیما اظهار داشت:
«برخی مشکلات ساختاری در شرایط فعلی باعث افزایش کشته های جاده ای در این گردنه شده است»
در این بازدید که هدف از آن از سوی معاون عمرانی احصای مشکلات این گردنه عنوان شد و به همراه فرزاد حسنی سرپرست جدید اداره کل راهداری و حمل و نقل جاده ای صورت گرفت، از طرح هوشمند سازی ترافیک این گردنه همچون راهکاری جهت کاهش تصادفات جاده ای صحبت شد.
از مطالب منتشر شده از سخنان این مقام مسوول عمرانی کردستان می توان چند نکته را به صورت شفاف دید، نخست اینکه گردنه صلوات آباد سنندج از نظر معاون عمرانی در شرایط کنونی دارای مشکلاتی اساسی است و البته بنا بر همین اظهارات این مشکلات سبب افزایش مرگ و میر ناشی از تصادفات جاده ای در این مسیر شده است که البته مراجعه به آمار تلفات جاده ای نیز گواه این مهم است. در کنار این نقد به شرایط موجود موضوع “کاهش سرعت با استفاده از هوشمند سازی” به عنوان راه حل مشکلات گردنه صلوات آباد مطرح گردیده و در ادامه سرپرست راهداری و حمل و نقل جاده ای کردستان نیز از آماده بودن طرح روشنایی این گردنه خبر داد.
این گردنه ۲۲ کیلومتری که بیش از ۶ سال است عملیات اجرایی در آن آغاز شده تا کنون عناوین متفاوتی همچون بزرگراه، چهار خطه سازی و … را به دوش کشیده و طرح تعریض آن در مقاطعی بارها دستخوش تغییرات قرار گرفته اما همچنان در محدوده هایی معطل مانده است.
محور سنندج همدان به عنوان اصلی ترین محور مواصلاتی استان که مرکز استان را به نواحی مرکزی متصل می کند همزمان عنوان پر ترافیک ترین و پر حادثه ترین محور مواصلاتی کردستان در سالهای گذشته را به همراه دارد. این محور در سالهای گذشته ده ها بازدید در سطح وزرا و معاونین ایشان راه به خود دیده و تقریبا در هر بازدیدی وعده ای عملی نشده در موضوع افتتاح این گردنه مطرح گردیده است.
اکنون نیز پس از گذشت سالها اگرچه گردنه صلوات آباد در مقاطعی تعریض گردیده و این تعریض موجب افزایش سرعت و امکان سبقت در این محدوده ها شده است اما مشخصات هندسی پایین و تغییرات سرعت خارج از رواداری ها علی رغم تلاش صورت گرفته در ارایه بهترین طرح ممکن، افزایش تلفات جاده ای در این محور پر ترافیک را به حدی رسانده که تشکیک در اجرای این طرح پس از سالها همچنان به صورت جدی قابل طرح است.
اگرچه کنترل سرعت به وسیله هوشمند سازی همچون راهکاری برای کاهش تلفات می تواند مطرح گردد اما متناسب با ضعف مشخصات در قطعاتی از این مسیر، بلاتکلیفی در محل تونل ها و عبور این مسیر در داخل روستای تاریخی صلوات آباد سنندج، این طرح می بایست در یک فرایند فنی بدور از محدود سازی طراح به “بودجه های ناچیز تعریف شده خارج ابعاد این پروژه” مورد بازبینی و تصمیم گیری اساسی قرار بگیرد.
اکنون با تغییر مدیرت حوزه عمرانی در استان کردستان باید دید که این تغییرات چه تاثیری بر سرنوشت پروژه پر حاشیه صلوات آباد سنندج خواهد داشت و آیا این نگاه نقادانه به طرح اجرا شده به اصلاح ایرادات اساسی منجر خواهد گردید.Ultimi minuti della seduta all’insegna del deterioramento per i mercati mondiali. Pesante il bilancio negli Usa, dove gli indici hanno violentemente e in modo rapido corretto verso il basso negli ultimi minuti. L’indice Nasdaq è arrivato a perdere oltre un punto percentuale (-1,05% a 2427 punti) con il Dow Jones che cede lo 0,72% a 12390 punti e lo S&P500 in ribasso dello 0,65% a 1409 punti.Written Under Uncategorized
Neck and shoulder pain is a very common condition suffered by most adults and it is caused by overuse and often poor posture. In most cases the sufferer may feel pain along the back of the neck, along the top of the shoulders and right through into your shoulder blade. The medical term of this condition is called Upper Trapezius Muscle Strain. Though there are many many large and small muscles that make up your neck and shoulder area, the trapezius muscle often gets over use as it is a major player in holding up your upright posture.
Neck and shoulder pain can manifest in many different ways. For some people, there’s a wide spread dull pain along the region, seemingly without an identifiable exact ‘sore spot’ or source.For some people there may be wide spread pain plus one or more lumpy spots with clear boarders, along the upper shoulders, which the patient can feel upon touching it.
This spot may cause pain without provocation or it may only feel painful to the touch.These lumpy painful spots are called Myofascial trigger points, often referred to as ‘knots’ in the shoulders.
They can be benign or latent with the sufferer not being aware of their presence or they can be active and highly irritable causing symptoms like pain, muscle spasm and tension in the neck.
Trigger points can also cause referred pain, meaning a trigger point on your upper traps may cause twitching around your eyes or temples, headaches, and in some sever cases dizziness.
The Trapezius Muscles is a large diamond shaped muscle that serves to assist you with an upright position (sitting or standing) by holding the large and heavy cranium up. Without the upper part of this large muscle your head would literarily flop forward whenever you sat or stood up. It’s lower muscle fibers hold up your huge shoulders and prevents them from rolling forward and downwards.
So when you see someone with great posture, one of the reasons for this is because their Trapezius muscle is functioning properly while a slumpy neck and shoulder posture signifies a weakened Trapezius Muscle.
Neck and shoulder pain is very common among office workers with poor posture from sitting in front of a computer, cradling a phone on one shoulder for extended periods through out the day or leaning on the elbow of the arm that’s moving your mouse.
This is because the Traps get fatigued and suffer an overuse injury or postural fatigue syndrome, brought on by bad posture.
Sensitive areas of tight muscle fibers can form in your muscles after overuse. These sensitive areas are called trigger points.
When an office worker at a computer allows their head and shoulders to slump forward, this puts the trapezius muscle in a prolonged stretched position while it’s still having to carry the load of the head and shoulders. Over time, micro tears begin to happen on the muscle fiber much like you would see on a plastic grocery bag that has been overloaded.
Similar to an acute or sudden injury, the body tries to heal this overuse injury however the key is to discontinue the bad posture immediately.
Massage therapy is one of the most effective non-evasive ways of treating neck and shoulder pain.
Massage therapy treatment is an excellent way to treat neck and shoulder pain and a registered massage therapist is equipped to create a customized treatment plan for you. The treatment plan will be based on the severity of your pain and aside from the massage; your RMT may include some hydrotherapy in the form of a hydroculator pack or a heating pad within your massage treatment.
If you are having an in home massage, your therapist will show up with all the tools they need in order to provide you with a massage at home.
Often sufferers tend to stretch their neck and shoulders when they feel fatigued and often times this is counter productive as the muscle is often already over stretched and weak. As such, strengthening is beneficial as part of preventing future fatigue.
A Spa-IN Registered Massage Therapist will be able to guide you on when to strengthen and when to stretch.- Open Access
Bartonella infections in cats and dogs including zoonotic aspects
Parasites & Vectors volume 11, Article number: 624 (2018)
Bartonellosis is a vector-borne zoonotic disease with worldwide distribution that can infect humans and a large number of mammals including small companion animals (cats and dogs). In recent years, an increasing number of studies from around the world have reported Bartonella infections, although publications have predominantly focused on the North American perspective. Currently, clinico-pathological data from Europe are more limited, suggesting that bartonellosis may be an infrequent or underdiagnosed infectious disease in cats and dogs. Research is needed to confirm or exclude Bartonella infection as a cause of a spectrum of feline and canine diseases. Bartonella spp. can cause acute or chronic infections in cats, dogs and humans. On a comparative medical basis, different clinical manifestations, such as periods of intermittent fever, granulomatous inflammation involving the heart, liver, lymph nodes and other tissues, endocarditis, bacillary angiomatosis, peliosis hepatis, uveitis and vasoproliferative tumors have been reported in cats, dogs and humans. The purpose of this review is to provide an update and European perspective on Bartonella infections in cats and dogs, including clinical, diagnostic, epidemiological, pathological, treatment and zoonotic aspects.
Bartonella is a genus of Alphaproteobacteria within the family Bartonellaceae. Bartonella spp. are small, thin, short and slightly curved, gram-negative, hemotropic and rod-shaped bacteria . They are catalase, oxidase, urease and nitrate reductase negative . Bartonella spp. are fastidious, slow growing and facultative intracellular pathogens that are highly adapted to a broad spectrum of mammalian reservoir hosts and are mainly transmitted by arthropod vectors [2, 3]. Thirty-eight different Bartonella species have been isolated or detected from humans or from domestic and wild animals including bats, birds, canids, cattle, deer, felids, horses, marine mammals, rodents, sheep and reptiles [4,5,6,7,8,9,10]. Bartonella spp. are distributed throughout the world. In recent years, an increasing number of studies from around the world have reported canine and feline Bartonella infections. The purpose of this review is to provide an update while emphasizing European literature relative to Bartonella spp. infections in cats and dogs, including clinical, diagnostic, epidemiological, pathological, treatment and zoonotic aspects.
Clinically relevant Bartonella species described in cats, dogs and humans
At least thirteen Bartonella species or subspecies have been recognized as agents of human disease, three species are reportedly responsible for the majority of clinical illness: B. bacilliformis, B. quintana and B. henselae . Because serological testing for other Bartonella spp. is rarely performed in human medicine and due to difficulties associated with isolation or PCR amplification of these bacteria from patient specimens, it is possible that B. koehlerae [12, 13], B. vinsonii berkhoffii, as well as other species are under-recognized as a cause of human illness [14, 15].
Primary reservoirs, accidental hosts and the confirmed or suspected vectors for the main Bartonella species infecting cats and dogs with zoonotic potential are listed in Table 1. The most relevant species implicated in companion animal medicine are B. clarridgeiae, B. elizabethae, B. henselae, B. koehlerae, B. quintana, B. rochalimae and B. vinsonii berkhoffii. All of these species have been associated with severe illnesses in cats or dogs and all have zoonotic potential [16, 17]. Each Bartonella spp. appears to have co-evolved with a specific primary reservoir host which poses a source of infection for accidental hosts under natural exposure conditions .
The cat (Felis catus) is the primary but not sole reservoir for B. henselae , the causal agent of human cat scratch disease (CSD). Domestic cats are also principal reservoir hosts for B. clarridgeiae and B. koehlerae. Infected cats are thought to rarely develop clinical signs . However, chronic, relapsing bacteremia can frequently be detected in infected cats and potential long-term consequences of relapsing bacteremia are unknown [20,21,22]. Cats can also be infected with B. bovis (ex weissii) and B. quintana, but the role of domestic cats in the epidemiology of these two Bartonella species has not been clearly established .
The dog (Canis familiaris) may also be a host for B. henselae and canines are considered the primary reservoirs for B. vinsonii berkhoffii, causing endocarditis in dogs and humans [23, 24]. Wild canids such as coyotes (Canis latrans) in California and potentially domestic dogs have been described as main reservoir hosts for B. vinsonii berkhoffii, as prolonged bacteremia also occurs in these animals [5, 25, 26]. Bartonella henselae, first isolated from a dog in Gabon in 2003 may be the Bartonella spp. that most often infects pet dogs . Dogs can also be infected with B. clarridgeiae, B. elizabethae, B. koehlerae, B. quintana, B. rochalimae and B. washoensis, potentially causing similar disease manifestations as reported in humans, including bacillary angiomatosis, endocarditis, granulomatous hepatitis and granulomatous lymphadenitis, myocarditis, peliosis hepatis and others [20, 28,29,30,31,32]. Due to direct and frequent contact with humans, pet and stray infected cats and dogs pose a potential risk for human infection .
Bartonella henselae also causes multiple other clinical entities in human patients, potentially related to the individual’s immune status, variations in strain virulence, co-infection with other pathogens and co-morbidities . Infection with B. clarridgeiae has been suspected in a few CSD cases and the organism has been isolated from one asymptomatic human blood donor . Bartonella koehlerae has been associated with regional pain syndrome type I , hallucinations, sensory neuropathy, peripheral visual deficits , endocarditis and other clinical conditions . Bartonella vinsonii berkhoffii has been associated with human endocarditis and a spectrum of neurological symptoms [23, 24]. Bartonella quintana, the agent of trench fever, has been classically considered a human-specific species transmitted solely by human body lice . However, B. quintana DNA has been detected in dogs with endocarditis and healthy dogs [39, 40], cats [41, 42] and monkeys (Macaca fascicularis and Macaca mulatta) [43, 44].
Inter- and intra-species transmission
Intra-erythrocytic Bartonella organisms within the bloodstream are ingested by blood-sucking arthropod vectors, mainly fleas, lice, sand flies, biting flies and ticks, after which they are transmitted to a primary reservoir or to an accidental host (Table 1). Vector transmission occurs in two primary ways: (i) inoculation of Bartonella-contaminated arthropod feces via animal scratches or bites or by self-inflected contamination of wounds induced by the host scratching irritating arthropod bites. These are important modes of transmission among primary reservoir and accidental hosts, including cats, dogs and humans [45,46,47]. (ii) The other primary mode of transmission is by vector bites, as confirmed for Lutzomyia verrucarum sand flies, the vector of B. bacilliformis among humans . Experimentally, using an in vitro model, Ixodes ricinus ticks were able to infect mammalian blood with B. henselae . Furthermore, the presence of Bartonella spp. DNA, particularly B. henselae, has been well documented in questing ticks from Europe and other continents [50,51,52]. Ticks have also been clinically implicated in the transmission of Bartonella infection to dogs or humans in the absence of other vectors or known modes of transmission [53,54,55,56]. Interestingly, regurgitation of B. henselae by cat fleas (Ctenocephalides felis) has been demonstrated experimentally , but additional studies are needed to confirm flea-bite transmission to animals or humans. It is important to note that non-vectorial modes of transmission are also possible such as transmission through needle stick injury to veterinarians or by blood transfusion as documented experimentally in cats, dogs and humans [59,60,61,62].
Epidemiology, prevalence and distribution in Europe
Serology, PCR or culture-based clinico-epidemiological studies in cats and dogs in Europe are summarized in Tables 2 and 3 and Figs. 1 and 2. More than 50 feline and canine seroprevalence studies have been reported from different European countries (Tables 2, 3); however, culture or PCR confirmed cases of canine or feline bartonellosis have been infrequently reported. Bartonella spp. seroprevalence rates are high in cats in European Mediterranean countries, where temperature and humidity are favorable for flea and tick infestations (Fig. 1). In Europe, Bartonella antibody prevalence in cats ranges from 0% in Norway to 71.4% in Spain (Table 2). Bacteremic prevalence rates for various combinations of B. clarridgeiae, B. henselae and B. koehlerae often approach 50–75% in feral cat populations worldwide . Generally, the differences in serological or bacteremic prevalences are related to different climatic conditions, whether the cat population tested consisted of pet
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- The primary technical reference work on this topic is Nanosystems: Molecular Machinery, Manufacturing, and Computation, an in-depth, physics-based analysis of a particular class of potential nanomachines and molecular manufacturing systems, with extensive analyses of their feasibility and performance. Nanosystems is closely based on Drexler's MIT doctoral dissertation, "Molecular Machinery and Manufacturing with Applications to Computation". Both works also discuss technology development pathways that begin with scanning probe and biomolecular technologies.
- Drexler and others extended the ideas of molecular nanotechnology with several other books. Unbounding the Future: the Nanotechnology Revolution and . Unbounding the Future is an easy-to-read book that introduces the ideas of molecular nanotechnology in a not-too-technical way. Other notable works in the same vein are Nanomedicine Vol. I and Vol. IIA by Robert Freitas and Kinematic Self-Replicating Machines "KSRM Table of Contents Page". Molecularassembler.com. Retrieved 2010-09-05. by Robert Freitas and Ralph Merkle.
- Nanotechnology: Molecular Speculations on Global Abundance Edited by BC Crandall (ISBN 0-262-53137-2) offers interesting ideas for MNT applications.
- Foresight Institute
- Main Page - Wise-Nano A wiki for MNT
- Dr. Freitas's bibliography on mechanosynthesis updated here (also includes related techniques based on scanning probe microscopy)
- The Molecular Assembler website of Robert A. Freitas Jr.
- Nanotechnology Now Nanotechnology basics, news, and general information
- Eric Drexler's personal website and digital archive
- National Nanotechnology Initiative
- Institute for Molecular Manufacturing
- Accelerating Future's MNT articles
- "Unbounding the Future: Table of Contents". Foresight.org. Retrieved 2010-09-05.ABD hükümeti, “Kızılderili” Navajo Kabilesi’nin, topraklarını ve kaynaklarını kötü kullandığı suçlamasıyla ülke yönetimine karşı yıllardır yürüttüğü dava sonucu kabileye 554 milyon dolar tazminat ödemeyi kabul etti.
50 yıldır süren anlaşmazlığın çözümünü öngören anlaşma Arizona Eyaleti’nde yer alan ve Navaj Kabilesi’nin başkenti gösterilen Window Rock kentinde Cuma günü imzalanacak.
ABD hükümeti, Navajo Kabilesi’ne ait yaklaşık 5,7 milyon hektarlık alanı kontrol ediyor. Söz konusu alan, tarım, madencilik ve petrol ile doğal gaz üretimi amacıyla ABD yönetimine kiraya verilmişti. Ancak zorla yapılan bu kira anlaşması, sahiplerinin zararınaydı.
Dün varılan anlaşmaya göre Navajolar, 554 milyon dolar karşılığında, ABD hükümetine açtıkları davalardan vazgeçecek. Böylece dava kapanmış olacak.
ABD, 2012 yılında, 41 “Kızılderili” kabilesiyle benzer şekilde anlaşmaya varmış, bunun karşılığında toplamda yaklaşık 1 milyar dolar ödeme yapmıştı. ABD Adalet Bakanlığı, bu anlaşmanın üzerinden geçen iki yılda, hükümetin 40 kabileyle daha anlaşmazlıkları çözdüğünü ve toplamda 1,5 milyar dolardan fazla tazminat ödediğini açıkladı.
Amerika’nın en yoğun nüfusa sahip kabilesi olan Navajolar, 300 binden fazla üyeye sahip. Kabile Arizona, Utah ve New Mexico’ya yayılan 70 bin kilometrekarelik bir bölgede yaşıyor.Prodigy Grubunun Solisti Keith Flint'in Kesin Ölüm Nedeni Açıklandı
4 Mart'ta İngiltere'nin Essex bölgesindeki evinde ölü bulunduğu duyurulan Prodigy grubunun solisti Keith Flint'in intihar ettiği açıklanmıştı. Ancak yine de kesin ölüm nedeni için uzmanların otopsi raporunu hazırlaması beklendi.
Toksikoloji sonucuna göre, 49 yaşında hayatını kaybeden şarkıcının ölümünde herhangi bir cinayet şüphesine rastlanmazken Flint'in kendini asarak hayatına son verdiği kesinleşti.
Ölümünün ardından Flint'in evinde çalışan yardımcısının onu kendini asmış bir halde bulduğu belirtilmişti.
İngiliz şarkıcının ölümünün ardından açıklama yapan grup üyeleri Liam Howlett ve Leeroy Thornhill de bunun bir intihar olduğunu söylemişti.
Instagram'dan mesaj paylaşan Howlett ve Thornhill, "Haber doğru. Bunu söylediğimize inanamıyorum ama kardeşimiz Keith hayatına kendi son verdi." yazmıştı.
Flint'in bir yıl önce evden ayrılan Japon eşi DJ Mayumi Kai'nin geri dönmeyi kabul etmemesi nedeniyle intihar ettiği öne sürülmüştü.
Öte yandan Flint'in hayatını kaybetmesinden birkaç saat öncesinde bir arkadaşıyla birlikte Essex'teki bir restoranda oturduğunu gösteren fotoğrafları Daily Mail gazetesinde yayımlandı.
Flint'le aynı mekânda bulunanların aktardığına göre ünlü şarkıcı espriler yapıyor ve neşeli görünüyordu.
Flint, Avustralya'daki turnenin ardından İngiltere'ye yeni dönmüştü. Mayıs ayında ise grup ABD turnesine başlayacaktı.
Kaynak: NTV如 Internet Explorer 总经理 Dean Hachamovitch 去年在 Windows 博客上所写，在 Windows 中安装了这些组件后将启用 WebM 媒体在 Microsoft Internet Explorer 9 中的渲染。因为组件直接安装在 Windows 中，这款组件还能在支持 MF 的其他应用程序中渲染 WebM，如 Windows 7平台上的 Windows Media Player 12。
Microsoft Media Foundation 是允许我们在 Windows 中 整合 WebM 以在 IE9 为用户提供优秀 HTML5 用户体验的强大灵活 API。Microsoft 与我们紧密协作，令该组件与 IE9 的 HTML5 完全兼容，因此如 <video> 标签及其 canPlayType 方法对 WebM 完全可用。感谢提供技术协助并于上月在雷德蒙德组织团队的 Microsoft 工程师。
Matthew Heaney 是 WebM 项目的软件工程师。
原文链接：Introducing WebM in Internet Explorer 9 by John Luther
本文编译：@xslidianRoman Republic: institutions
|A military parade in Rome. The consul (on horseback)
is preceded by a guard of honor. Twelve lictors carry the insignia
of the consul's power
In the year 509 BC Tarquinius Superbus, the last king
of Rome, was driven into exile. He had been a terrible tyrant and the Romans
swore they would never again have a king. Instead they decided to have a
new form of government – a republic.
|In 1898 the ancient Etruscan town of Vetulonia was
unearthed and
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اصلی خونریزی مکرر از بینی است که به نظر می رسد از هیچ جا خارج نمی شود و با گذشت زمان بدتر می شود.
اگر HHT دارید، ممکن است صبح با بالش آغشته به خون از خواب بیدار شوید و ممکن است در صورت یا دستان خود لکه های قرمز ایجاد کنید. اگر یکی از والدین یا هر دوی شما به این بیماری مبتلا هستند و دچار خون دماغ می شوید ، از پزشک صحبت کنید. درمان ها می توانند به بهبود علائم شما کمک کنند.
گردآوری:بخش سلامت بیتوته
Giriş
Bu makale, yeni Linux kullanıcılarına, Linux'un kurulumu sırasında
karşılaşacakları konuları tanıtmayı amaçlamaktadır. Burada, ne bir teknik
makale yazımı ne de Linux üzerine bir "incil" yazılması
amaçlanmaktadır. Amacımız, bu andan sonra hep duyacağınız ve zamanla
anlamlarını kendi başınıza kavramak isteyeceğiniz bir kaç temel kavram ve
terimi belirtmektir.
Şimdi Linux'a hoşgeldiniz diyerek bir soluk alayım, kendinizi
rahatlatılmış olarak düşünün ;).
Başlangıç noktası olarak LINUX'u bütünüyle kendinizin kuracağını ya da
yakın bir arkadaşınızın cebinde bir CD ile yardıma gelerek makinenizi ele
alıp, sizinle etkileşme olmaksızın, renkli görüntüler (çoğunlukla mavi)
arasında dolaştıktan sonra bir çift sistem geçişsözcüğü sormasını
düşünebiliriz. Arkadaşınızın tüm bunları yapmasından sonra makinenizdeki
işletim sistemi onun tarafından devreye sokulur ve aşağıdaki türden bir
yazı ekranda görünür.
Welcome to Linux xx.xx.xx
host login:
Bunun ardından, arkadaşınız size " Tamam, kuruldu" deyip bazı güdümleri ve
sistemin nasıl güvenli kapanacağını öğrettikten sonra sizi "Sorunlara
karşı yalnız" bırakarak yanınızdan ayrılır.
LINUX'ta dikkatiniz çeken, belki de ilk, şey onun "ücretsiz"
olduğunu duymanızdır. Gerçekte, kaynak yazılımlar yazımhaklıdır ama Linux'un
koruma altına alındığı lisans kopyalama, dağıtma ve ödeme yapmaksızın
kullanım haklarını ve bu an için pek üzerinde durmayacağımız daha derin
konularda etkinlik olanaklarını kullanıcıya vermektedir. Bu lisans
"GNU Genel Toplumsal Lisans" olarak bilinir ve Linux ve UNIX
dünyasında karşılaşacağınız çok sayıda yazılımı kapsamına alır.
Gerçekten de, zamanla, GNU bash, GNU Emacs, GNU gcc ve benzeri
yazılımları bu bağlamda kullanacağınızı şimdiden söyleyebiliriz.
MIT (Massachussets Institute of Technology: Massachussets Teknoloji
Enstitüsü) ve BSD (Berkeley Üniversitesi'nden) gibi, (bazı ciddi yazılım
geliştirme kısıtlamaları olsa da,) ilke olarak, kaynakyazılımlara aynı
erişim haklarını veren başka lisanslar da bulunmaktadır.
Hey, durun bir saniye! İşte tam bu noktada yanlış anlama başlamaktadır.
Sık sık "LINUX DESTEKLENMEYEN BİR İŞLETİM SİSTEMİDİR..." tümcesini
işiteceksiniz. Yanıt bunun gerçeği yansıtmadığıdır. Çünkü Linux'ta
karşılaşılan sorunlara çözüm getiren kuruluşlar bulunduğu gibi Linux
sorunları karşısında destek sağlamak için neredeyse sonsuz sayıda yol
bulunmaktadır.
Öte yandan, Linux'un öğrenciler, üniversite ortamları, kaynakları
sınırlı bireyler, Bilgisayar Bilimleri bilgeleri (İng: guru) ya da
fanatikleri ve benzer olmayan ama anaveriyolu içinde uygulamaları
olmayan diğer gruplar için ancak uygun olabileceğini de sık sık
duyacaksınız. Buna yanıt olarak hemen bazı Linux kullanıcılarını
anımsatmak isterim. Bunlar arasında NASA, özel kuruluşlar, bazı
işletmenlikler, Internet desteği sağlayan kuruluşlar, laboratuvarlar,
büyük bir olasılıkla milyonlarca kullanıcı, basımevleri,
hastaneler ... ve diğerleri ... ve diğerleri sayılabilir. Kuşkusuz,
bunların hepsinin birden bilgisayar bilgesi ya da fanatiği tanımına
uydurulması olanaksızdır.
Hangi Linux Türünü Kullanıyorsunuz?
İngilizce'deki adıyla, distribution, yani dağıtım LINUX'un size
kolayca kurulum yapabileceğiniz biçimde ulaştırılması anlamında
kullanılmaktadır. (Bu yazı boyunca distribution yerine tür sözcüğü
kullanılacaktır). Herkesin bu yazılımı çıkınlama (paketleme) ve dağıtma
konusunda kendine özgü yöntem ya da yolu bulunmaktadır. Böylelikle her
tür Linux kendine özgü kurulum araçlarına ve sistem biöimlendirmesiyle
donatılmış olmaktadır. Türlerin büyük bir çoğunluğu Internet'te ya da
CD üzerinde dağıtılmaktadır. Hangi türün seçileceği size ya da size
salık veren bireye bağlıdır. Tanınmış türlerden bazıları Slackware,
Red Hat, Debian, Caldera biöiminde belirtilebilir. Türlerin bazıları
(türün dağıtımı, linux'un kendisi degil!) özel kuruluşlara ait iken
bazıları da gönüllü gruplara (Debian) ait bulunmaktadır.
Ben burada ne bu türlerden birini salık vereceğim ne de hangisinin
daha iyi ya da daha kötü olduğunu söyleyeceğim, zamanla ve bu dünyaya
girer girmez gereksinimimizin ne olduğu hakkında yargıda bulunmaya yetecek
kadar, türlerle ilgili salıklarla karşılaşacaksınız. Kullanmakta olduğunuz
türle gelen işletim sistemi sürümü (yani çekirdek konusunda), her ne kadar
Debian 1.2xx, Red Hat 4.x, Slackware 3.0, vs... diyerek anlatımda
bulunabilseniz de, yanılgıya düşmemekte yarar bulunmaktadır.
Yardım
Eğer bir yerde takılır kalır veya bazı sorunların nasıl giderileceğini
bilemez duruma düşerseniz kritik zaman gelmiş olacaktır. Bunun için şimdiden
çözüm önermekte yarar bulunmaktadır!!
Çevre
Daha da iyi duyumlar: LINUX'la
farenizi bir pencere içinde ikonlar ve
düğmelerle dolu bir ortamda kullanabilirsiniz. Artık hem 'UNIX çirkindir'
hem de 'kullanıcı dostu WYSIWYG (İng:What You See Is What You Get, Türkçesi:
Gördüğün elde ettiğindir) ilkesi diğer işletim sistemlerine özgüdür'
tümceleri geçerliliklerini yitirmişlerdir. Burada yine lisans ezgileriyle
sizi eğlendirecek değilim. Eğer yeterince meraklı bir bireyseniz zaten
kullandığınızda bir yerlerde bir
COPYRIGHT dosyasını tüm
ayrıntılarıyla birlikte bulacaksınız.
X Window pencereleme sistemi (Linux'ta kullanabileceğiniz Xfree ya da
X11) size bu olanağı verecektir. Bu görüntüleme ortamınızda WordPerfect
kullandığınızı düşünebiliyor musunuz? Evet, belli bir para ödemenizi
gerektirse de, gerçektir. Bunun ötesinde bu görkemli dünyada eğlenerek
kullanabileceğiniz (serbest erişimde olsun olmasın) tonlarca kilobaytlık
yazılım bulunmaktadır.
Eğer biçimlendirmeyi yapmışsanız sorun yok demektir, ama böylesine
şanslı olmadığınızda, grafik ortamın yanlış biçimlendirilmesinin
risklerinden sözeden iletiler (mesajlar) görünse de, hemen ürküye
(paniğe) kapılmayın. (Gerçekte yeterince özen göstermezseniz
monitörünüzü patlamış mısır aygıtı konumuna getirebilirsiniz,
yine de bu her zaman az bir olasılık olarak görünür.)
Uygun bilgi kaynaklarının ve diğer yardımsever ellerin yardımıyla
bu ortamı kolaylıkla biçimlendirebilirsiniz. Son sürümler donanımlarla
ilgili bilgileri dizelgeler (listeler) halinde içermektedir. Dolayısıyla
yapacağınız tek şey sizde varolanı seçmektir.
Dikkate almanız gereken nokta biçimlendireceğiniz yapının bir sunucu
olduğudur.Bu bağlamda, İSTEMCİ/SUNUCU, pencere yöneticisi... gibi sözcükleri
olabildiğince sık olarak duyacaksınız. Burada belirteceğim nokta X Window'un
İstemci/Sunucu felsefesi çerçevesinde geliştirildiği, bu nedenle elinizdeki
yazılımın donanımınızı yönettiği ve istemciden görüntüler, düğmeler,
seçenek çubukları, mönıler... gibi istemler (yani kullanacağınız programlar)
beklediğidir.
Bu son açıklamada, çok sayıda basitleştirme yaptığımı belirtmeliyim.
Bütüun bunlar, ağ üzerinden çalışıldığında, istemci programlarının
kaynak ya da biçim dosyası tabanında biçimlendirilmesinde ya da elinizde
benimsenmiş olarak varolanın dışında bir pencere yöneticisi kullandığınızda
olabildiğince karmaşıklaşır ve bir sınır koymanız gerekir.
İletişimağları ve Internet
LINUX makinelerin iletişimde bulunacağı biçimde
tasarlanmıştır. Işletim sisteminin iletişim ağlarıyla ilgili herşeyi
içermesi bu yazının çerçevesine uygun düşmemektedir. Bu anlatım için bu
derginin birkaç sayısına gereksinim duyulacaktır.
Normal olarak, Internet'e erişiminiz, bilgisayarınıza dinamik bir IP
atayan bir bağlayıcı (Bundan sonra ISP diye adlandıracağız) aracılığıyla
sağlanacaktır. Hayes uyumlu bir modem and LINUX'unuzla herşey
elinizin altında demektir. AT güdümlerini göndermek için chat
yazılımını ve PPP'yi kullanarak tüm kapıları açabilirsiniz.
PPP konusunda unutmamanız gereken nokta bu sözleşmenin (protokolün)
biri çekirdek içinde diğeri ise çekirdek dışında olmak üzere iki
parçadan oluştuğudur. Bunu söylememin nedeni, çekirdeği doğru dürüst
derlemeden paranoyak biçimlendirme dosyaları oluşturmaya kalkmamanız
içindir. Söylemeseydim, bu konudaki ilk birey olmayacaktınız,
merak etmeyin!!
Bilgi kaynağı bulmak için daha önceden söylediğim gibi ISP'nin
kendisinde tüm Linux kullanıcıları için bilgi kaynağı bulunmaktadır.
Eğer yoksa uygun yerlerden istemde bulunarak edinebilirsiniz.
Bu amaç için posta yazılımları, duyum (haber) okuyucuları,
gezginler (Netscape, Mosaic, Arena, Lynx...), ve Unix'in kendi
güdümlerinin tümü: ftp, telnet, ping... elinizin altında bulunmaktadır.
Bu durumda, sizin için en rahat olacak yazılımı seçmek de size kalmış
bir konu olmaktadır.
Bu son tümce ile hakkında birçok şey duyduğunuz ve makinenize
yerleştirmiş bulunduğunuz bu işletim sistemi üzerine yazdığım bu
minik girişin sonuna gelmiş bulunuyoruz. Benim tek eğilimimin yeni
olan şeyler hakkında duyduğumuz korkudan uzak durmak olduğunu belirtmeliyim.
LINUX KOLAYDIR, biraz sabır ve tasarlama gerektirir, o kadar! Küçük bir
çabayla tüm işimizi serbest erişimli yöre yazılımlarıyla
gerçekleştirebiliriz.
Yazar'ın Notu: Konuda ilerlemiş okuyucular LINUX hakkındaki
tüm kaynakların bir tek yazı içine sığdırılamayacağının bilinci
içindedirler, bu nedenle sözetmediğim herhangi dizelge (liste), sayfa,
kanal, kitap... ya da bu doğrultuda oluşturduğum izlenimler için
özürlerimi sunuyorum. Basitleştirmelerin tümü anlatım kolaylığı için
bir eğitici ruhuyla yapılmıştır. ANLAYIŞINIZ İÇİN TEŞEKKÜRLER.
©[email protected]’nun Bizarre Adventures 5. Bölümü sona ermek üzere. Yine parlak bir sezondu ve biteceği için oldukça üzgünüm. Her neyse, bu yazıda, önümüzdeki bölümden büyük bir spoiler tartışacağız. Daha ileri gitmeden önce, bu yazının anime için spoiler içerdiğini ve şımartılmak istemiyorsanız hemen tıklamalısınız. Bunun dışına çıkarak başlayalım.
Önceki bölümde, Bucciarati'nin Chariot Requiem'i yok ettiğini gördük ve bu herkesin ruhunun bedenlerine dönmesine neden oldu. Bundan dolayı Bucciarati’nin ruhu cennete gitmeye başlar çünkü bedeni zaten ölmüştür. Ayrılmadan önce teşekkür eder, Giorno. Diavolo, şimdilik geri çekilmesinin daha iyi olacağını düşünüyor.
Ancak Trish kaçmak istediğini açıkladığında fikrini değiştirir. Giorno ayağını okla deler ama Diavolo bundan yararlandı ve ona saldırdı. Ancak Gold Experience, Gold Experience Requiem'e dönüştü. Diavolo, zamanı silmek için Kral Kızıl'ını kullanır, ancak Altın Deneyimi Requiem gücünü kendi gücünü iptal etmek için kullanır.
İçindeJoJo’nun Bizarre Adventures 5. BölümüBölüm 38 ve 39, Altın Deneyimi Requiem'in Diavolo'yu tamamen sonlandırmak için tüm gücünü kullandığını göreceğiz. Giorno’nun duruşu tam anlamıyla dokunulmaz ve Diavolo'nun tek yapabileceği kolay bir ölümü beklemek.
Diavolo’nun King Crimson'ı çok güçlü bir duruş ama gücüne rağmen Gold Experience Requiem'e mum tutamıyor. Sadece iki sehpanın güçlerindeki farkı gösterir. Diavolo oku ele geçirmeyi başarmış olsaydı, o zaman Bucciarati ve çetesi için oyun bitmiş olacaktı. Giorno'da oka sahip olmasaydı, Diavolo ve Kral Kızıl'ı yenemezdi.
Bölüm 28 Temmuz 2019'da yayınlanacak.2012 sountrack by 10dansonra Band
10danSonra grubunun ''Fırtına Geri Dönmez'' adlı şarkısına ait video klip Görüntüler 2012 adlı filmden alıntıdır. Filmle gayet uyumlu sözleri olduğundan sountrack havasına soktuk klibi. Sözler müzik ve düzenleme : Tuğrul Burak Yazgı. Grup bir kaç sene önce herkes farklı illerde olduğundan dağıldı sayılır ama kalpler bir. İyi seyirler.Romeo and juliet essay conclusion dissertationthesis from a database apa essay papers on psychology online dissertation help statistics. Your apa paper should include five major sections: • your paper should begin with a title page that follows apa intro and thesis 20% body 70% conclusion. Summary: the conclusion needs to 1 restate the paper’s main points 2 answer the question, “who cares”, and 3 finish the paper with something punchy links. Instructions on using this sample apa format paper: and your conclusion must not restate your thesis or shortened title of your paper.
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You finish your dissertation with a conclusion and a writing a conclusion and discussion for your use the other checklist to further improve your thesis. Apa triangle conclusion help you lose weight dissertation proofreading costs online essay on natural disaster in marathi language education thesis. The conclusion of an apa paper is the final paragraph, where you restate your thesis and tie together the ideas that support it that you have referenced, spelled out. Let highly qualified phd and master's writers write a dissertation conclusion chapter for you high quality and plagiarism-
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improve their quality of life and their oral health. Diabetic patients should be sure both their medical and dental care providers are aware of their medical history and periodontal status.
To keep teeth and gums strong, diabetic patients should be aware of their blood sugar levels in addition to having their triglycerides and cholesterol levels checked on a regular basis. These may have a direct correlation on your chances of obtaining periodontal disease.
What is the best time to receive dental care?
If your blood sugar is not under control, talk with both your dentist and physician about receiving elective dental care. Dental procedures should be as short and as stress free as possible. Also make morning appointments because blood glucose levels tend to be under better control at this time of day.
If you have a scheduled appointment, eat and take your medications as directed. See your dentist on a regular basis, k
What is a denture?
A denture is a removable replacement for missing teeth and adjacent tissues. It is made of acrylic resin, sometimes in combination with various metals. Complete dentures replace all the teeth, while a partial denture fills in the spaces created by missing teeth and prevents other teeth from changing position. Complete dentures are either "conventional" or "immediate." A conventional denture is placed in the mouth about a month after all the teeth are removed to allow for proper healing, whereas an immediate denture is placed as soon as the teeth are removed. The drawback behind an immediate denture is that it
may require more adjustments after the healing has taken place.
Who needs a denture?
Candidates for complete dentures have lost most or all of their teeth. A partial denture is suitable for those who have some natural teeth remaining. A denture improves chewing ability and speech, and provides support for facial muscles. It will greatly enhance the facial appearance and smile.
What happens when you get a denture?
A dentist can make a full conventional denture when all teeth have been lost or all extraction sites have healed (up to eight weeks or longer.) The denture process takes about one month and five appointments: the initial diagnosis is made; an impression and a wax bite are made to determine vertical dimensions and proper jaw position; a "try-in" is placed to assure proper color, shape and fit; and the patient's final denture is placed, following any minor adjustments.
New denture wearers need time to get accustomed to their new "teeth" because even
the best fitting dentures will feel awkward at first. While most patients can begin to
speak normally within a few hours, many patients report discomfort with eating for
several days to a few weeks. To get accustomed to chewing with a new denture, start
with soft, easy-to-chew foods. In addition, denture wearers often notice a slight change
in facial appearance, increased salivary flow, or minor speech difficulty.
How do you care for a denture?
A denture is fragile, so it is important to handle it with care. Remove and brush the
denture daily, preferably with a brush designed specifically for cleaning dentures, using
either a denture cleanser or toothpastes. Never use harsh, abrasive cleansers, including
abrasives toothpastes, because they may scratch the surface of the denture. Don't
sterilize your denture with boiling water because it will cause it to become warped. If you wear a partial denture be sure to remove it before brushing your natural teeth.
When not in use, soak it in a cleanser solution or in water. Get in the habit of keeping
the denture in the same safe and handy place to reduce the likelihood of misplacement.
Should a denture be worn at night?
While you may be advised to wear your denture almost constantly during the first two
weeks- even while you sleep-under normal circumstances it is considered best to remove it at night. Research has shown that removing the denture for at least eight hours during either the day or night allows the gum tissue to rest and allows normal stimulation and cleansing by the tongue and saliva. This promotes better long-term health of the gums.
Continue seeing your dentist regularly
It is important to continue having regular dental checkups so that a dentist can examine
oral tissues for signs of disease or cancer. As of aging, your mouth will continue to
change as the bone under your denture shrinks or recedes. To maintain a proper fit over
time, it may be necessary to adjust your denture or possibly remake your denture. Never attempt to adjust a denture yourself and do not use denture adhesives for a prolonged period because it can contribute to bone loss. When in doubt, consult your dentist.
What is a dental implant?
A dental implant is an artificial tooth root (synthetic material) that is surgically anchored into your jaw to hold a replacement tooth or bridge in place. The benefit of using implants is that they don't rely on neighboring teeth for support, they are permanent and stable. Implants are a good solution to tooth loss because they look and feel like natural teeth.
Implant material is made from different types of metallic and bone-like ceramic materials that are compatible with body tissue. There are different types of dental implants: the first is placed directly into the jaw bone, like natural tooth roots; the second is used when the jaw structure is limited, therefore, a custom-made metal framework fits directly on the existing bone.
Can anyone receive dental implants?
Talk with your dentist about whether you are an implant candidate. You must be in good health and have the proper bone structure and healthy gums for the implant to stay in place. People who are unable to wear dentures may also be good candidates. If you suffer from chronic problems, such as clenching or bruxism, or systemic diseases, such as diabetes, the success rate for implants decreases dramatically. Additionally, people who smoke or drink alcohol may not be good candidates.
What can I expect during this procedure?
The dentist must perform surgery to anchor the "artificial root" into or on your jaw bone. The procedure is done in the dental office with local anesthesia. Medications may be prescribed for soreness.
How long does the process take?
The process can take up to nine months to complete. Technology, however, is trying to decrease the healing time involved. Each patient heals differently, so times will vary. After the screws and posts are placed surgically, the healing process can take up to six months and the fitting of replacement teeth no more than two months.
What is the success rate of implants?
The success rate for implants depends on the tooth's purpose and location in the mouth. The success rate is about 95 percent for those placed in the front of the lower jaw and 85 percent for those placed in the sides and rear of the upper jaw.
How do I care for implants?
Your overall health may affect the success rate of dental implants. Poor oral hygiene is a big reason why some implants fail. It is important to floss and brush around the fixtures at least twice a day, without metal objects. Your dentist will give you specific instructions on how to care for your new implants. Additional cleanings of up to four times per year may be necessary to ensure that you retain healthy gums.
What is the cost of implants?
Since implants involve surgery and are more involved, they cost more than traditional bridge work. However, some dental procedures and portions of the restoration may be covered by dental and medical insurance policies. Your dentist can help you with this process.
Is my dentist trained in implant therapy?
Dentists who have received training through an extensive program can complete this procedure. Your dentist may perform the procedure or consult with a team of dental health specialists to produce the result discussed with you. Ask your dentist questions about his or her training in implant therapy.
What is the Temporomandibular Joint?
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a joint that slides and rotates just in front of your ear, consisting of the temporal bone (side and base of the skull) and the mandible (lower jaw). Mastication (chewing) muscles connect the lower jaw to the skull, allowing you to move your jaw forward, sideways, and open and close.
The joint works properly when the lower jaw and its joint (both the right and left) are synchronized during movement. Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD) may occur when the jaw twists during opening, closing or side-motion movements. These movements affect the jaw joint and the muscles that control chewing.
What is Temporomandibular Disorder?
TMD describes a variety of conditions that affect jaw muscles, temporomandibular joints, and nerves associated with chronic facial pain. Symptoms may occur on one or both sides of the face, head or jaw, or develop after an injury. TMD affects more than twice as many women than men and is the most common non-dental related chronic orofacial pain.
What causes TMD?
Normal function for this muscle group includes chewing, swallowing, speech and communication. Most experts suggest that certain tasks, either mental or physical, cause or aggravate TMD, such as strenuous physical tasks or stressful situations. Most discomfort is caused from overuse of the muscles, specifically clenching or grinding teeth (bruxism).
These excessive habits tire the jaw muscles and lead to discomfort, such as headaches or neck pain. Additionally, abnormal function can lead to worn or sensitive teeth, traumatized soft tissues, muscle soreness, jaw discomfort when eating, and temporal (side) headaches.
What TMD symptoms can I experience?
An earache without an infection
Jaw pain or soreness that is more prevalent in the morning orlate afternoon
Jaw pain when you chew, bite or yawn
Clicking when opening and closing your mouth
Difficulty opening and closing your mouth
Locked or stiff jaw when you talk, yawn or eat
Sensitive teeth when no dental problems can be found
What can I do to treat TMD?
The majority of cases can be treated by unloading (resting) the joint, taking a non-aspirin pain reliever and practicing stress management and relaxation techniques. It's important to break bad habits to ease the symptoms. Most treatment for TMD is simple, often can be done at home, and does not need surgery. For example, control clenching or grinding during the day by sticking your tongue between your teeth. If you still experience pain, you may be grinding or clenching your teeth at night. So see your dentist for a nighttime mouthguard.
Most people will experience relief with minor treatment. More severe cases may be treated with physical therapy, ice and hot packs, posture training and orthopedic appliance therapy (splint). Eating soft foods and avoiding chewing gum also help relax the muscles.
Is TMD permanent?
The condition is often cyclical and may recur during times of stress, good or bad. As the patient, you should be active in your treatment, by being aware of the causes of your jaw problems after seeing a dentist for a diagnosis regime. Make routine dental appointments, so your doctor can check TMD on a regular basis.
Why do I need anesthesia at the dental office?
To make your dental visit as comfortable as possible, your dentist may suggest anesthesia to reduce or eliminate any pain or anxiety that may be related to your dental treatment. The type of anesthesia required for any dental procedure depends on the needs or preferences of the patient.
How do I know if I'm a candidate for dental anesthesia?
You and your dentist will decide what level of anesthesia is right for you. Some patients prefer a higher level of anesthesia than others. Children, people with special needs, such as mental retardation, and those with a condition, such as a dental phobia may require a higher level of anesthesia. The type of anesthesia administered by your dentist is more dependent on individual patient preferences than specific dental procedures.
What are the levels of dental anesthesia?
Local anesthesia is produced by the application or injection of a drug to eliminate pain in a specific area in the mouth. Topical anesthetics are frequently used by your dentist to numb an area in preparation for administering an injectable local anesthetic. Injectable local anesthetics, such as Lidocaine, numb mouth tissues in a specific area of your mouth for a short period of time. Your dentist will probably inject a local anesthetic before filling cavities, preparing your teeth for crowns, or for any surgical procedure. Local anesthesia is the most commonly used form of anesthesia in the dental office.
Conscious sedation can be used to help you relax during a dental procedure. Your dentist may administer an anti-anxiety agent, such as nitrous oxide, or a sedative, in combination with a local anesthetic for pain. During conscious sedation, you will remain calm during treatment, yet rational and responsive to speech and touch. Anti-anxiety agents and sedatives can be administered by mouth, inhalation or injection.
Deep sedation and general anesthesia is used for complex procedures and for patients who have trouble controlling their movements or need a deeper level of anesthesia during treatment. During deep sedation you will be unable to respond appropriately to verbal commands. During general anesthesia you will be unconscious.
What should I tell my dentist before receiving anesthesia?
Your dentist needs to know about all the medications that you are taking, any allergic reactions you've had to medicines in the past, and your past and present health conditions. It's important that you answer your dentist's questions completely and ask about your concerns. This way your dentist will be sure to tell you everything you need to know before receiving treatment. For example, in some cases, your anesthesia treatment may require that you suspend certain medications or abstain from eating or drinking for a period of time before the treatment.
Is anesthesia in the dental office safe?
Although taking any medication involves a certain amount of risk, the drugs that produce anesthesia are entirely safe when administered by a trained anesthesia provider. The best thing to do is ask questions about any procedure that you are not familiar with. Ask about alternatives, training, the doctor's commitment to continuing education and the credentials of other personnel in the dental office who might be assisting with your treatment. Good communication between the dentist and the patient is the best way of insuring safety.
Members of the Academy of General Dentistry (AGD) are required to take 75 hours of continuing dental education every three years to remain in good standing. The AGD Fellowship and Mastership awards reflect additional hours of experience and study.
Academy of General Dentistry
What's baby bottle tooth decay?
Baby bottle tooth decay is caused by the frequent and long-term exposure of a child's teeth to liquids containing sugars. Among these liquids are milk, formula, fruit juice, sodas, and other sweetened drinks. The sugars in these liquids pool around the infant's teeth and gums, feeding the bacteria that cause plaque. Every time a child consumes a sugary liquid, acid attacks the teeth and gums. After numerous attacks, tooth decay can begin.
The condition also is associated with breast-fed infants who have prolonged feeding habits or with children whose pacifiers are frequently dipped in honey, sugar or syrup. The sweet fluids left in the mouth increases the chances of cavities while the infant is sleeping.
How can I prevent baby bottle tooth decay?
Never allow children to fall asleep with a bottle containing milk, formula, juice or other sweetened liquids. Clean and massage the baby's gums to help establish healthy teeth and to aid in teething. Wrap a moistened gauze square or washcloth around the finger and gently massage the gums and gingival tissues. This should be done once a day.
Plaque removal activities should begin upon eruption of the first baby tooth. When brushing a child's teeth, use a soft toothbrush and a pea-shaped amount of fluoride toothpaste. Parents should first bring their child to the dentist when the child is between six and 12 months old.
Will changes in my child's diet help prevent baby bottle tooth decay?
Preventing baby bottle tooth decay involves changes in a child's diet. A series of small changes over a period of time is usually easier, and eventually leads to better oral health.
To incorporate these changes:
Gradually dilute the bottle contents with water over a period of 2-3 weeks.
Once that period is over, if you give a child a bottle, fill it with water or give the child a clean pacifier recommended by a dentist. The only safe liquid to put in a bottle to prevent baby bottle tooth decay is water.
Decrease consumption of sugar, especially between meals.
Children should be weaned from the bottle as soon as they can drink from a cup, but the bottle should not be taken away too soon, since the sucking motion aids in the development of facial muscles, as well as the tongue.
Why should I be worried about baby bottle tooth decay?
Giving an infant a sugary drink at nap or nighttime is harmful because during sleep, the flow of saliva decreases, allowing the sugary liquids to linger on the child's teeth for an extended period of time. If left untreated, pain and infection can result. Severely decayed teeth may need to be extracted. If teeth are infected or lost too early due to baby bottle tooth decay, your child may develop poor eating habits, speech problems, crooked teeth, and damaged adult teeth. Healthy baby teeth will usually result in healthy permanent teeth.
What is "orthodontics," and why do people get braces?
Orthodontics is a special discipline of dentistry concerned with aligning the teeth and jaws to improve one's smile and oral health. "Ortho" means correct or straight, and "Odont" means tooth.
A dentist usually recommends braces to improve the patient's physical "orofacial" appearance. Through orthodontic treatment, problems like crooked or crowded teeth, overbites or underbites, incorrect jaw position and disorders of the jaw joints are corrected.
When is the right time for braces?
Patients with orthodontic problems can benefit from treatment at nearly any age. An ideal time for placement of braces is between 10 and 14 years of age, while the head and mouth are still growing and teeth are more accessible to straightening. However, because any adjustments in facial appearance can be traumatic to a child during these sensitive years, parents should discuss the matter with their children before braces are applied.
Good news! Braces aren't just for kids. More and more adults are also wearing braces to correct minor problems and to improve their smiles
What kind of braces will I have to wear?
Your dentist will know what appliance is best for your particular problem, but the patient often has a choice. Braces generally come in three varieties: The most popular type are brackets, metal or plastic, that are bonded to teeth and are far less noticeable. The "lingual" type of braces are brackets that attach to the back of teeth, hidden from view. Bands are the old-fashioned type that cover most of your teeth with metal bands that wrap around the teeth. All use wires to move the teeth to the desired position.
How long will I have to wear braces?
That depends upon your treatment plan. The more complicated your spacing or bite problem is, and the older you are, the longer the period of treatment, usually. Most patients can count on wearing full braces between 18 and 30 months, followed by the wearing of a retainer for at least a few months to set and align tissues surrounding straightened teeth.
Will treatment be uncomfortable?
The interconnecting wires are tightened at each visit, bearing mild pressure on the brackets or bands to shift teeth or jaws gradually into a desired position. Your teeth and jaws may feel slightly sore after each visit, but the discomfort is brief. Keep in mind also that some teeth may need to be extracted to make room for teeth being shifted with braces and for proper jaw alignment.
Do I have to avoid any foods or personal habits?
Yes. Cut down on sweets, chips and pop. Sugary and starchy foods generate acids and plaque that can cause tooth decay and promote gum disease.
Cut healthy, hard foods like carrots or apples
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Il melanoma maligno inizia quando il processo di divisione cellulare va male in questi melanociti e cominciano a dividersi e proliferare in maniera incontrollata che porta allo sviluppo di un tumore. Questo tumore ha una grande mole marrone come aspetto e possono apparire sulle braccia, schiena, gambe o viso. Anche se assomiglia a una talpa ci sono sottili differenze, melanomi maligni sono spesso di colore diverso da talpe normale e sono spesso più grandi e irregolari. A differenza di BCC e SCC, questo tipo di cancro è molto pericoloso se non trattato in modo rapido e conti per la maggior parte dei decessi cancro della pelle.
Spero che questo articolo vi ha dato uno sguardo a questo tipo di cancro. Mentre macchie della pelle e dispari talpe alla ricerca può essere non-cancerose sono un motivo di preoccupazione. Se notate qualcosa di sospetto sulla tua pelle che non scompare entro un mese allora si dovrebbe andare a vedere immediatamente il medico. La diagnosi precoce è un elemento chiave nel successo del trattamento del cancro della pelle e quindi è molto meglio prendere il tempo e farti testati.
Mentre ogni intento è stato fatto per rendere questo articolo precisa e informativa, è destinato solo per informazione generale. Il cancro della pelle è molto seria, condizione pericolosa per la vita e si dovrebbe discutere di eventuali problemi, trattamenti o modifiche dello stile di vita completamente con il medico.Cosa si può fare con gli occhi gonfi
Ci sono molti modi per aiuta a ridurre il gonfiore intorno agli occhi Alcuni rimedi sono semplici, come bere più acqua, altri sono più coinvolti, come ottenere un intervento di chirurgia estetica Ecco alcuni consigli e trucchi per cercare di sbarazzarsi degli occhi gonfi.
1.
Regolare regolarmente una buona notte di sonno ti aiuterà a ridurre i tuoi occhi gonfi. Gli adulti necessitano di circa 7/8 ore di sonno a notte. Per assicurarti di dormire abbastanza, crea una routine per andare a dormire e segui.< ! --1 ->
È importante ricordare che la routine della tua ora di andare a letto inizia davvero molto prima di coricarti.
Gli esperti suggeriscono che per riposare una buona notte, dovresti:
- Attenersi a una programma di sonno.
- Smettere di bere caffeina almeno da 6 a 12 ore prima di andare a letto.
- Smetti di bere alcolici vicino al momento di coricarsi.
- Finisci di cenare circa 2 ore prima di andare a dormire.
- Finisci di allenarti per diverse ore prima di andare a dormire.
- Spegni l'elettronica 1 ora prima di andare a dormire.
2. Alza te stesso
Dormi con alcuni cuscini sotto la testa per evitare che il liquido si depositi attorno agli occhi. Se non riesci a dormire ad angolo su un cuscino a cuneo o una pila di cuscini, prova ad alzare un po 'la testa del tuo letto per lo stesso effetto.
Per fare questo, metti una pila di libri o altro cuneo sotto i piedi del tuo letto sul lato dove poggia la testa. Se noti una differenza in quanto spesso o quanto grave i tuoi occhi si gonfiano, considera una soluzione più stabile come le bretelle del letto.
3. Affronta le tue allergie
Parla con il tuo medico se soffri di allergie stagionali o stagionali. Le allergie possono far arrossire, gonfiare e gonfiare gli occhi. Questo ti spinge a massaggiarti gli occhi, con conseguente ulteriore gonfiore. Il medico può contribuire a creare un piano di trattamento per alleviare i sintomi. Questo può includere colliri e medicinali da banco o da prescrizione.
4. Bere abbastanza acqua
Il gonfiore degli occhi può essere il risultato della disidratazione. Assicurati di bere molta acqua ogni giorno per mantenere la pelle sana. La regola generale è di bere otto bicchieri d'acqua da 8 once al giorno.
Per rimanere in linea, prendere in considerazione l'impostazione di un promemoria orario sul telefono. È inoltre possibile utilizzare una bottiglia d'acqua ricaricabile contrassegnata da orari specifici per aiutarvi a bere abbastanza acqua per tutto il giorno.
5. Evitare l'alcol
Cerca di limitare o evitare l'alcol e altre bevande che possono renderti disidratato. La disidratazione può causare occhi gonfi, quindi bere un bicchiere d'acqua.
Se sei stanco di acqua naturale, infonderlo con frutta fresca è un ottimo modo per rimanere idratati e rinfrescati. Prova ad aggiungere il frutto preferito a una bottiglia d'acqua personalizzata per l'acqua infusa che dura tutto il giorno.
Check out: ecco cosa succede quando smetti di bere alcolici per un mese "
6.Passa sopra il sale
Mangiare troppo sale può causare una ritenzione idrica aggiuntiva nel tuo corpo. Può anche portare ad altri problemi di salute, come un maggior rischio di problemi cardiaci e ictus. L'attuale valore giornaliero percentuale di sodio è 2, 400 milligrammi (mg). Tuttavia, l'American Heart Association raccomanda di limitare il sodio a 1, 500 mg al giorno.
Fino al 75% del sodio trovato nelle diete americane proviene da alimenti trasformati o da ristorante. Per ridurre l'assunzione di sale, evitare di salumi, formaggi, sottaceti e altri alimenti trasformati. Alimenti preconfezionati come le zuppe istantanee sono spesso ricchi di sodio. Leggere le etichette può aiutarti a identificare quantità eccessive di sale.
Invece, mangia più cibi interi come frutta e verdura fresca.
7. Mangia più potassio
Il potassio può aiutare a ridurre i liquidi in eccesso nel tuo corpo, quindi potresti voler aumentare il consumo di potassio. Puoi farlo aggiungendo banane, fagioli, yogurt e verdure a foglia verde alla tua dieta.
Se stai già mangiando una dieta ricca di potassio, parla con il tuo medico se il tuo livello di potassio è buono o se puoi tranquillamente aggiungere un supplemento giornaliero di potassio alla tua routine.
8. Usa un impacco fresco
Un asciugamano fresco che riposi sulle palpebre per circa 10 minuti può ridurre il gonfiore degli occhi. Questo può aiutare a drenare il liquido in eccesso da sotto gli occhi. Un impacco di bustine di tè verde o nero può anche fare il trucco. Il tè contiene antiossidanti che possono restringere i vasi sanguigni e ridurre il gonfiore.
9. Prova una crema per gli occhi
Ci sono molte creme per gli occhi sul mercato che possono aiutare il gonfiore. Alcuni ingredienti da cercare in una crema per gli occhi includono camomilla, cetrioli e arnica. Contengono proprietà che possono ridurre l'infiammazione e stringere la pelle. La caffeina negli occhi e nel trucco può anche aiutare a ridurre gli occhi gonfi.
10. Parlate con il vostro medico di chirurgia estetica
Se il vostro gonfiore oculare è grave, e se i cambiamenti dello stile di vita o altri rimedi non funzionano, si consiglia di prendere in considerazione la chirurgia estetica. Un tipo di chirurgia è la blefaroplastica, che è la chirurgia delle palpebre. Questa procedura comporta un medico che sposta o rimuove il grasso in eccesso, i muscoli e la pelle della palpebra.
Il medico può anche avere consigli per trattamenti laser, peeling chimici o farmaci da prescrizione per aiutare i casi gravi di occhi gonfi.
Continua a leggere: Suggerimenti per dormire meglio "
CauseChe causa occhi gonfiori
Una delle cause principali degli occhi gonfi è l'invecchiamento.La pelle sotto gli occhi è molto sottile, il che aumenta i cambiamenti che possono verificarsi nel tuo Durante l'invecchiamento, il tessuto delle palpebre può indebolirsi, causando la caduta del grasso nella palpebra superiore, che si deposita nella palpebra inferiore.
Il fluido può anche essere più facilmente intrappolato nella parte inferiore della palpebra palpebra quando si invecchia. La ritenzione idrica è conosciuta come edema. La pelle sottile intorno alla palpebra può causare ritenzione di liquidi molto prominente, con conseguente occhi gonfi.
Potresti notare che i tuoi occhi appaiono più rigidi quando ti alzi al mattino Questo potrebbe essere il risultato di un edema.Una volta che ti sei risvegliato e inizi a battere le palpebre, potresti notare che i tuoi occhi iniziano a sembrare meno gonfi.
Oltre all'età, ci sono altri motivi per cui potresti avere gli occhi gonfi:
- genetica
- ritenzione di liquidi
- allergie
- troppo sole
- non abbastanza sonno
- dieta malsana > piangere
- altre condizioni di salute
- Consultare un medicoQuando per vedere il medico
Gli occhi gonfi non sono generalmente un segno di una grave condizione medica. Tuttavia, dovresti contattare il tuo medico se hai:
occhi gonfi a lunga durata
- dolore, irritazione o grave gonfiore all'interno o intorno ai tuoi
- sintomi in altre zone del tuo corpo
- Se sei tu avendo questi sintomi, i tuoi occhi gonfi potrebbero essere il segno di una condizione di salute più grave. Ciò include:
congiuntivite o rosacea
- blefarite o infiammazione palpebrale
- ptosi o palpebre cadenti
- cellulite
- dermatite
- patologie tiroidee
- Takeaway La linea di fondo
Potresti notare gli occhi gonfi quando invecchi o per un motivo temporaneo, come mancanza di sonno, cattiva alimentazione o allergie stagionali. Adottare abitudini di vita sane in grado di migliorare i tuoi occhi gonfi in solo un breve periodo di tempo.
In caso di gonfiore cronico, parla con il tuo medico di opzioni di trattamento come la chirurgia estetica. In alcuni casi, gli occhi gonfi possono essere il segno di una condizione più grave. Consulta il tuo medico se sospetti che i tuoi occhi gonfi possano essere un segno di qualcos'altro.سخنگوی شورای اسلامی شهر تهران گفت: گزارش کمیته ویژه بررسی حذف نام شهدا از خیابان ها هفته آینده روز یکشنبه در صحن شورا قرائت خواهد شد.
به گزارش دیده بان ایران؛ علی اعطا، سخنگوی شورای اسلامی شهر تهران در دهمین نشست خبری خود گفت: گرامی میداریم آغاز هفته بسیج را و اعلام میکنیم که در جلسه هفته بعد شورا، میزبان سردار یزدی خواهیم بود و ایشان در رابطه با هفته بسیج سخنرانی خواهند کرد.
وی ادامه داد: در همان هفته ارایه گزارش ویژه کمیته بررسی نام شهدا را در دستور کار داریم و اطلاع دارید که این موضوع براساس تصمیم ریاست شورای اسلامی شهر تهران مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.
سخنگوی شورای اسلامی شهر تهران گفت: این موضوع با تشکیل یک کمیته همه جانبه مورد بررسی قرار گرفت و گزارشی تهیه شد تا بتواند به همه جوانب این موضوع پاسخ دهد.
وی افزود این گزارش آماده شده است و در هفته آینده ارایه خواهد شد و این را به اطلاع شهروندان می رسانیم که کار بزرگی انجام گرفته است و در کنار قرایت گزارش در صحن شورا حتما تفصیل این گزارش به دستگاه های لازم ارایه خواهد شد.
اعطا گفت: ما بنا داشتیم با توجه به تکمیل این گزارش تا پیش از مطرح شدن آن در صحن شورا گزارش را مجرمانه تلقی کنیم و از این رو هیچ کدام از اعضا در این خصوص صحبتی نکردند.
اعطا همچنین درخصوص جلسه غیر رسمی امشب اعضای شورای اسلامی شهر تهران با شهردار تهران گفت: قرار است درخصوص تدوین لایحه بودجه براساس اولویت های کمیسیون های تخصصی امشب با شهردار تهران جلسه ای را به دعوت ایشان برگزار کنیم.
وی گفت: از هر کمیسیون تخصصی شورای اسلامی شهر تهران سه اولویت برای تدوین لایحه بودجه اخذ شده است و قرار است تدوین بودجه با توجه به این اولویت ها شکل بگیرد.
سخنگوی شورای اسلامی شهر تهران درخصوص مصوبه اصلاح ساختار گفت: ما از شهرداری گله مند هستیم که چرا لایحه اصلاح ساختار را ارایه نکرده است.
وی افزود در جلسات هم اندیشی به شهردار تهران تذکراتی در این خصوص داده شده است اما این تذکرات مورد افاغه قرار نگرفته است البته همه ما می دانیم که این کار کار دشواری است اما توجیه پذیر نیست که شهرداری ارسال لایحه را به تأخیر بیاندازد.
اعطا گفت اگر شهرداری در ارایه لایحه کوتاهی کند اعضای شورا این فرصت را دارند که همان محتوا را در قالب طرح به صحن علنی شورا بیاورد اما بهتر است پیش از این راه حل که راه حل آخر است خودش لایحه را به شورا ارسال کند.
سخنگوی شورای اسلامی شهر تهران درخصوص افزایش قیمت بنزین نیز گفت: طبیعی است که با گران شدن بنزین استقبال از حمل و نقل عمومی افزایش پیدا می کند و این موضوع یک چیز واضح است.
وی گفت: همه می دانند که حمل و نقل عمومی چه مشکلاتی دارد و توقع این بود که بخشی از پول گران شدن بنزین به موضوع توسعه حمل و نقل عمومی داده می شد اما این موضوع نادیده گرفته است.
اعطا گفت: از ده سال گذشته حوزه حمل و نقل عمومی در کل کشور حدود ۴۰ هزار میلیارد تومان طلبکاری از دولت دارد اما این عدد پرداخت نشده است و جالب است که حتی از گران شدن قیمت بنزین هم پولی برای پرداخت به حوزه حمل و نقل عمومی در نظر گرفته نشده است.
سخنگوی شورای اسلامی شهر تهران افزود: اخیرا رییس شورای اسلامی شهر تهران با معاون اول رئیس جمهور دیداری داشته است که حداقل دو مصوبه حوزه حمل و نقل عمومی که یکی مربوط به مترو و دیگری مربوط به ناوگان اتوبوسرانی است اجرایی شود.
وی درباره لایحه شوراهای معماری مناطق هم گفت: این لایحه نگرانی های را برای برخی ایجاد کرده است اما خوب است بدانید که شعار شورای اسلامی شهر در پنجمین دوره خود مبارزه با شهرفروشی بوده است و این لایحه گام بلندی برای تحقق این شعار است.
اعطا ادامه داد: در کمال شگفتی باید بگوییم که در شهرداری و در برخی از سطوح آن یک نگرانی ایجاد شده است که چرا شورا این لایحه را به جد پیگیر شده است.
سخنگوی شورای اسلامی شهر تهران گفت: اتفاقا دقیقا کسانی نگران این لایحه هستند که به نظر می رسد این لایحه به ضررشان است و موافق شهر فروشی هستند.
اعطا درخصوص تخلفات یک مجموعه اقتصادی «ب» در منطقه ۲۲ و قطع برق آن گفت: این موضوع مورد بررسی قرار گرفت و مشخص شد به آن شکلی که مطرح شده است صحت ندارد.
وی افزود یک قراردادی میان آن مجموعه اقتصادی با شهرداری وجود دارد که به نظر می رسد آن قرارداد ایراداتی دارد و باید بررسی شود سرمایه گذاری که دارد آنجا کار میکند چگونه این قرارداد را منعقد کرده است.
اعطا گفت: اولین بررسی ما حکایت از این دارد که حتما نوع ساخت و ساز و نوع بهره برداری از این مجموعه یک سری اشکالاتی دارد و باید حتما یک بررسی جامعی از این مجموعه انجام گیرد تا حق و حقوق شهروندان از بین نرود.
سخنگوی شورای اسلامی شهر تهران افزود: وقتی حرف از بررسی و نظارت بر یک مجموعه اقتصادی مطرح می شود طبیعی است که یک سری حواشی ایجاد شده و سر و صداهایی ایجاد می شود.
وی درخصوص خسارتهای ناشی از اغتشاشات هفته گذشته به ساختمانهای شهرداری تهران گفت: شهرداری تهران ساختمانهایی دارد که ۷۰۷ مورد است که از آن بهره برداری اداری می شود این ساختمانها در اختیار مناطق و سازمان ها است.
اعطا گفت: ساختمانهای ده ناحیه که مربوط به پنج منطقه شهرداری است در این اغتشاشات خسارتهایی دیده اند و میزان خسارت در حال بررسی است و باید دید که برآورد آن چقدر است.
سخنگوی شورای اسلامی شهر تهران تصریح کرد: البته خسارتها خیلی جدی نبوده است اما در این میان به یک سری وسایل نقلیه مربوط به شهرداری مناطق خسارتهای وارد شده است که باید محاسبه شود.
وی در خصوص برنامه مصوب پنج ساله سوم شهرداری هم گفت: این برنامه وجود دارد و برشی از آن برنامه هر ساله به عنوان بودجه باید مصوب شود.
اعطا گفت: اینکه ما بودجه را اولویت محور کردیم تنها دلیلش عدم رعایت مصوبات از سوی معاونت های شهرداری نیست بلکه تلاش می کنیم تا برنامه به سمت اولویت محوری پیش برود.
وی درباره اولویتهای بودجه بندی سال آینده هم گفت: برای مثال در حوزه کمیسیون شهرسازی یکی از موضوعات طرح های بازآفرینی در چند منطقه هدف است. در این کمیسیون همچنین موضوع احداث مجتمع های ایستگاهی در ۱۲ نقطه هم دومین اولویت است.
اعطا گفت: اتفاقا در این حوزه احداث مجتمع های ایستگاهی یک کار کارشناسی از سوی معاونت مربوطه انجام گرفته است و تحقیقات آن انجام گرفته است زیرا امروز مجتمع های ایستگاهی یکی از راه های مهم تأمین هزینه های ساخت مترو است.
سخنگوی شورای اسلامی شهر تهران درخصوص تذکری که در سال ۹۶ درخصوص ساخت ساختمانی در حریم میدان مشق داده شده بود و گفته شده بود که این ساختمان مجوزهای لازم را هم نداشته است گفت: من به واقع از این ساختمان اطلاع دقیقی ندارم اما حتما این موضوع را بررسی می کنم.
وی همچنین درباره جلسات هم اندیشی با شهردار تهران و ارایه گزارش در این جلسات گفت: این ایراد حتما وجود داشته است و گاهی مواردی هم بوده است که گزارش ها به جای صحن علنی در جلسات هماندیشی مطرح شده است.
اعطا خاطرنشان کرد: این موارد وجود دارد اما تلاش کرده ایم تا گاهی اگر مطلبی در این جا مطرح می شود بیاید در صحن هم ارایه شود به صورت پخته تر ولی این موضوع هم محقق نشده است علی ایحال ما این انتقاد را وارد می دانیم.
سخنگوی شورای اسلامی شهر تهران گفت: البته سر آن قولی که داده بودیم و گفته بودیم مصوبه ای نخواهیم داشت مانده ایم و در جلسات هم اندیشی مصوبه نداشته ایم.
وی درباره اینکه به نظر می رسد شورا با برخی از تخلفات به صورت گزینشی برخورد می کند و مردم از این موضوع گلایه دارند گفت: اولا بگویم که اینگونه نیست و این موضوع را قبول نداریم.
اعطا گفت در پروژه ای که
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its effects on dopamine in your brain can have a profound effect on anxiety symptoms.
- Ashwagandha – This adaptogen has been used for millennia to relieve anxiety, fatigue, restore energy and boost concentration. Clinical studies have shown Ashwagandha to repair and even reverse damage caused in the brain caused by chronic anxiety and stress.
- Bacopa Monnieri – This adaptogen has been used since ancient times to reduce anxiety, depression and stress. It protects your neurons and balances neurotransmitters.
- Folate – Vitamin B9 (folate) is used by your brain to make dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin. Folate is involved in gene expression, amino acid synthesis, and myelin synthesis and repair. It’s even involved in cerebral circulation. Powerful anti-anxiety treatment in this B-vitamin.
- Ginkgo Biloba – This tree native to China has been used for thousands of years to boost mental alertness, improve cerebral circulation and for overall brain function. Many have found Ginkgo to be very effective in reducing stress and anxiety. And boosting mood.
- Ginseng – Panax ginseng has been used as a memory booster, improves mood, lowers anxiety levels and boosts stamina and endurance.
- Gotu Kola – Gotu kola is one of the most important herbs in ancient Ayurvedic medicine. This herb helps boost nerve growth factor which can have a profound effect on anxiety. Many report that Gotu kola may be even more effective in reducing anxiety and relieving stress than Ashwagandha.
- Kava – Kava is native to the South Pacific. And the islanders use kava for its sedative effects. Kava can help reduce anxiety and improve mood. Unlike benzodiazepines, kava does not impair cognitive function. In fact, studies show kava may boost cognitive function.
- Lemon Balm – Lemon balm is used for its anti-anxiety effects. Rosmarinic acid, a compound found in lemon balm, inhibits the GABA transaminase enzyme. Which in turn helps maintain adequate levels of GABA in your brain. Resulting in a calming effect.
- Lion’s Mane – Lion’s Mane Mushroom boosts brain nerve growth factor which increases neurogenesis. Lion’s Mane can help improve focus and attention, boost thinking, repair brain cells, help depression and anxiety, and manage other neurological problems like Alzheimer’s, dementia, Parkinson’s and muscular dystrophy.
- L-Theanine – L-Theanine naturally occurs in green and oolong tea. This amino acid is used as a nootropic for anxiety, learning, mood and focus. It works quickly in your brain to increase dopamine and serotonin.
- Phenibut – Phenibut is a GABA agonist and primarily binds to the GABA-b receptor. GABA-a receptor agonists include alcohol and benzodiazepines. Phenibut can have a sedative effect, and has strong anti-anxiety qualities. It can be used to combat depression, improve mood, cognitive function and motivation.
- Phenylalanine – This amino acid is a precursor to the synthesis of tyrosine in your brain. Tyrosine then helps in the formation and utilization of the neurotransmitters dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine and melatonin. Helping to relieve anxiety, and chronic pain. And boost focus and motivation.
- Picamilon – Picamilon is a combination of niacin (Vitamin B3) and GABA. Similar to Phenibut, Picamilon improves memory, concentration, motivation, focus, has strong anti-anxiety properties, and can lower blood pressure.
- Rhodiola Rosea – Rhodiola activates AMPA receptors in your brain. Which decreases depression and stress-related mood swings, reduces fatigue, stimulates energy and alertness and boosts cognition.
- St. John’s wort – This plant has been traditionally used for mood disorders and wound healing. Today it’s used mostly as a treatment for anxiety, depression and stress. St. John’s wort works like prescription SSRI’s by preventing reuptake of serotonin in your brain. But please read the precautions for using this nootropic in the extended article.
- Tryptophan – This amino acid is a precursor to serotonin, melatonin and niacin (Vitamin B3) in your brain. L-Tryptophan is used to treat anxiety, ADHD, depression, insomnia, memory loss, pain and eating disorders.
- Vitamin B6 – Vitamin B6 helps your brain make serotonin, norepinephrine and melatonin. The activated form of Vitamin B6 called P-5-P is particularly effective in boosting serotonin and GABA in your brain. And providing potent anti-anxiety effects.
- Vitamin B12 – This B-vitamin plays a key role in the efficient conversion of carbohydrates to glucose – your cell’s source of fuel. It also helps your body convert fatty acids into energy. Supplementing with Vitamin B12 can help lower anxiety, and elevate alertness, cognition, energy, vision, elevate mood and relieve insomnia. No more mood swings!
Nootropics are a strong alternative to many anti-anxiety medications currently prescribed by doctors. And promoted by the Big Pharmaceutical companies.
But a very strong word of caution – if you are currently using any prescription anti-anxiety or antidepressant medications. Or any medications for that matter. Research each nootropic including side effects and prescription drug interactions before using them.
You can eliminate social anxiety once-and-for-all with nootropics. If you do your research. And are willing to experiment until you find the one or two that is right for you.
[i] Kessler R.C., McGonagle K.A., Zhao S., Nelson C.B., Hughes M., Eshleman S., Wittchen H.U., Kendler K.S. “Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of DSM-III-R psychiatric disorders in the United States. Results from the National Comorbidity Survey.” Archives of General Psychiatry. 1994 Jan;51(1):8-19. (source)
[v] Harvey B.H., Naciti C., Brand L., Stein D.J. “Endocrine, cognitive and hippocampal/cortical 5HT 1A/2A receptor changes evoked by a time-dependent sensitisation (TDS) stress model in rats.” Brain Research. 2003 Sep 5; 983(1-2):97-107. (source)
[vi] Burris K.D., Sanders-Bush E. “Unsurmountable antagonism of brain 5-hydroxytryptamine2 receptors by (+)-lysergic acid diethylamide and bromo-lysergic acid diethylamide.” Molecular Pharmacology. 1992 Nov; 42(5):826-30. (source)
[vii] Roy-Byrne P.P., Sullivan M.D., Cowley D.S., Ries R.K. “Adjunctive treatment of benzodiazepine discontinuation syndromes: a review.” Journal of Psychiatric Research. 1993; 27 Suppl 1():143-53. (source)
[ix] de la Mora M.P., Gallegos-Cari A., Arizmendi-García Y., Marcellino D., Fuxe K. “Role of dopamine receptor mechanisms in the amygdaloid modulation of fear and anxiety: Structural and functional analysis.” Progress in Neurobiology. 2010 Feb 9; 90(2):198-216. (source)
[x] Bystritsky A., Kerwin L., Feusner J.D., Vapnik T. “A pilot controlled trial of bupropion XL versus escitalopram in generalized anxiety disorder.” Psychopharmacology Bulletin. 2008; 41(1):46-51. (source)
[xi] Davidson J.R., Foa E.B., Connor K.M., Churchill L.E. “Hyperhidrosis in social anxiety disorder.” Progress in Neuropsychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry. 2002 Dec; 26(7-8):1327-31. (source)
[xii] Mancini M., Perna G., Rossi A., Petralia A. “Use of duloxetine in patients with an anxiety disorder, or with comorbid anxiety and major depressive disorder: a review of the literature.” Expert Opinion in Pharmacotherapy. 2010 May;11(7):1167-81. (source)
[xiii] Carobrez A.P., Teixeira K.V., Graeff F.G. “Modulation of defensive behavior by periaqueductal gray NMDA/glycine-B receptor.” Neuroscience of Biobehavioral Review. 2001 Dec; 25(7-8):697-709. (source)
[xvi] Gudasheva T.A., Konstantinopol’skii M.A., Ostrovskaya R.U., Seredenin S.B. “Anxiolytic activity of endogenous nootropic dipeptide cycloprolylglycine in elevated plus-maze test.” Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine. 2001 May;131(5):464-6. (source)
[xviii] Roshanaei-Moghaddam B., Pauly M.C., Atkins D.C., Baldwin S.A., Stein M.B., Roy-Byrne P. “Relative effects of CBT and pharmacotherapy in depression versus anxiety: is medication somewhat better for depression, and CBT somewhat better for anxiety?” Depression and Anxiety. 2011 Jul;28(7):560-7 (source)尺寸为35毫米的陶瓷GPS/GLONASS/GALILEO贴片天线采用了双共振设计，具有独特的双频工作方式，覆盖了GPS/GALILEO和GLONASS系统从1575MHz到1610MHz 范围内的所有工作频段。这款天线采用引脚和双面背胶安装。这款天线针对50*50毫米大小接地平面中间位置安装进行了针对性调谐。其制造和测试均在经TS16949认证的一级生产设施内完成。
如需针对客户特定设备环境中的不同大小接地平面或非接地平面中间位置安装等条件进行进一步优化，我们可提供定制调谐的贴片天线。陶格斯还可以为这些天线提供不同的引脚长度（取决于一次性工程费用和最小起订量）。请联系您所在区域的陶格斯客户服务团队以获取更多详细信息。A successful method confirmed by Dr. Ruth Beechick. By reading fine literature and working with good models of writing, students will receive a quality education in language arts. The best way to learn a skill is to DO that skill NOT read excerpts and fill in blanks. Break out of the mass education drudgery of workbooks/ textbooks and experience learning at its best! Instead of detached skills, the student learns grammar, vocabulary, punctuation, spelling, dictation, elocution, etc. as a whole (“real life” language arts).
The Heppner children love this program (and so does Miriam!). One level is easily adapted for more than one grade level. (Just expect more from the older student and give more help to the younger.) You’ll find these a proper balance between the rigid mass-education techniques and the aimless “unschooling” approach.
The main book is non-consumable; the student activity books are not. The people who have purchased the consumable student book have often said how glad they were that they had.
These books are an integral part of this level. They can be purchased and are available from Heppner's Legacy, or they can be borrowed from the library.
Farmer Boy by Laura Ingalls Wilder
Trumpet of the Swan by E.B.White
Number the Stars by Lois Lowry (replaces Meet Addy by Connie Porter which is out of print) You can download and print the revised student pages at http://commonsensepress.com/pdf/support/Number-The-Stars-Book-Study-Student.pdf
Caddie Woodlawn by Carol Ryrie BrinkPT 5 - Docureality sulla Running Team 2018. Un progetto della Fondazione Umberto Veronesi.
Arriva il primo impegno serio per le pink. Alla fine del loro percorso di allenamento dovranno essere in grado di correre una 21km. Oggi si corre la Lierac Beauty Run e le ragazze saranno alle prese con la loro prima 10 km. In particolare due ragazze si trovano in grossa difficoltà: Anna che non riesce a respirare perché ha appena smesso di fumare, e Dorka.一、实践还债日期的牵连如同很卓越的。，但现实性没什么卓越的，因在表现审讯时，在薪水面值时有可任意处置的还债和分期还债。，这么，实践还债日期是指第一还债或许上个一次还债？A，当另一方心不在焉薪水bil时，这么咱们必不可少的事物计算逾期还债的失约赔偿金，这不正好吗？。
二、假设单方准许薪水害处的中断工夫，由于它的一致不违背洛杉矶，法院应思考术语计算害处。。自然，商定的害处过火高于损害的C，进行诉讼的可以恳求人民法院或许斡旋机构涂。假设单方准许计算逾期还债的害处，单方应就还债日期终了一致。，要不然，一致不明确。
三、进行诉讼的心不在焉商定薪水和约花费的中断工夫的。，应思考多种多样的健康状况别离处置：无准备地薪水想，逾期还债害处应计算至想见效之日止;想有必然实行术语的(包含分期实行的)，逾期还债的害处应计算至失效日期。。逾期未付的，则思考民事诉讼法典秒百三十二条规则由罪人加倍努力薪水阻滞实行持久的债务利钱。这样的事物，宠爱防护贷方的法定权益，同时，催促罪人表现T的见效想。。
四、触球事例也可以征询发牢骚的人的微量。，由于他们的微量不违背洛杉矶，法官可以据此作出想。在实践中，诸多发牢骚的人由于求未兑的的PA薪水害处。，某些人甚至就绪保持原告。
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第一种角度是：按库存岁期扣紧信誉货币利率计算的累计周旋利钱。
秒种角度以为：罪人雇用资产的长音的工夫，禁令规则的相当的长音的贷工夫，按库存信誉货币利率决定的债务利钱。
第三种角度以为：最高人民逾期还债害处规范：有朝一日的四千分岔思考相当的的工夫、有朝一日的千零件三、十零件二）。
求婚者们信任，第一种角度客观地将同期性决定为岁，设置为3个月、6个月、两年的搁置没有一零件思考，这也与同时审讯的初愿不符。，更显失正好，像这样，这是不可取的；秒种角度机械地默认
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逾期专款，专款人未按规则向信誉人还债信誉一词。。思考和约的有关规则，专款人未能在规则术语内还债信誉，失约责任。承当失约责任的方法包含还债害处。、在和约规则的专款持久薪水利钱。还债基金信誉、薪水和约商定的专款术语内的利钱为：，普通无争议；信誉逾期零件的利钱，专款人应薪水什么规范于是如果薪水，投反对票者。
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逾期债务，逾期未还的现钞、用以筹措借入资本的公司债等。疏忽首要用于库存。、应用政府信誉。
库存信誉无法在TIM回忆起，会有坏帐的。。普通健康状况下，10%的不吉祥库存依然担子得起。在决定性时刻中，若干业务倒闭。业务无法还债库存债务，库存坏账累积而成。普通，坏账超越30%，库存面临面对完全丧失危险。库存的相关性轻易呈现大规模的库存危险。，这执意银行业务危险。经济学的和银行业务危险会通向民族经济学的的爆发。，普通平民的的存在存在变萧条形态。
使相等在标准的的经济学的和银行业务次序下，坏账的丰盛的累积而成也能够通向完全丧失。，银行业务危险发作。美国雷曼兄弟般的的完全丧失执意人家建议。。
政府暗中也这样的事物。人家政府向阿诺特丰盛的专款，假设专款不克不及检索他们的经济学的，这么，债务国将面临面对经济学的和银行业务危险，与情感债权国。希腊债务危险执意人家类型的建议。。
因而，每个库存都把把持坏账(也执意逾期债务)当做他们最重要的经纪易弯曲的。
看得懂全文Kötü kredi ile nasıl kredi başvurusunda bulunabilirim?verme zamanı: 2022-05-11
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Kötü kredili bir kredi için onaylanma şansınızı artırmak için yapabileceğiniz birkaç şey var.İlk olarak, iyi bir kredi geçmişine sahip olduğunuzdan emin olun.İkinci olarak, gelirinizin ve mal varlığınızın belgelerini sağlamaya hazır olun.Üçüncüsü, ihtiyacınız olan krediyi almak için fazladan borç almaya istekli olun.Son olarak, kredi notu düşük olan kişilerin kredilerini tüm borç verenlerin onaylamayacağını unutmayın.İhtiyaçlarınıza en uygun olanı bulabilmeniz için kredi başvurusunda bulunmadan önce birkaç farklı borç verenle görüşün.
Kötü kredi ile kredi başvurusu için şartlar
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YanıtlaSil
Sevgiler.
Sebla.
Yasemin merhabaYanıtlaSil
Ellerine sağlık şahane görünüyor çoook çikolatalı kekin :)))
Kitchen Aid'ini güle güle kullan :)))
tesekkurler sebla ve burcu :) afiyetler olsun..YanıtlaSil
efet seblacim yavas yavas isinma turlarimi atip pasta diyarina giricem insallah :) kek dedinmi bende de akan sular duruyor bildigin gibi degil :)
burcucum sagolasin insallah gulerek kullanacagim :) zaten benim gulmedigimi goren olmadi :)
Allah kimseyi aglatmasin :)
Cancaazımm her hafta öyle leziz şeyler yapıyosunki, her defasında kendimizden geçiyoruz. Ama bu hafta benim için, çikolatanın dorukta olduu an :)))öyle bi lezzet, öyle bi haz ki,yani çikolatanın keke böyle bi bütünlük sağlaması, senin, malzemelere katıın sevgiden kaynaklandıına şahid oldum.Benim için çoook lezzetli bi BROWNI YDİ. Ellerine sağlık şeker :* Nur AltıntaşYanıtlaSil
canım nurum, vallahi o saatte sende benim arkami toparladin ya bence bu lezzette seninde payin buyuk :) sen iste ben daha neler yaparim.. cok optum..YanıtlaSil
Dasosum, balim, kaymagim...YanıtlaSil
Ne de guzel yapmissin oyle keki. Fena canim cekti.
Valla su finallerim bitsin, bu coook afilli kekle kutlucam. Senlikler Boston civarinda olacak. Bekleriss ;)
Ps: Bir de ailecek hayraniniziz. Demeden edemedim ;)
Tubishin
tubishim sen gel ben sana keklerin kralini yaparim bidenem :) yada en iyisi yapiyim sana finallerden once yolliyayim doping olsun :) afiyetler olsun...YanıtlaSil
Yasemin hanım harika bir kek olmuş,ellerinize sağlık...YanıtlaSil
sevgilerle..
www.denizesintisi.com
cok tesekkurler ebru hanim, afiyetler olsun...YanıtlaSil
ellerine sağlık nefis olmuş, bide tabilseydik, sevgiler..YanıtlaSil
afiyetler olsun ebruli tatlilar :) bende ucundan azicik yiyebiliyorum, rejim olayi maselef :) ama o lokma bile yeter inan.. hemen gonderiim sanada :)YanıtlaSil
Yasemin Hanım merhabalar..YanıtlaSil
Web sayfanızı tesadüf eseri ziyaret ettim .Ve beğeniye gerçekten göz kırpan bir çalışma.. Ellerinize Sağlık ..
Aşçılık ve Yemek Kültürünün BAŞKENTİ olarak nitelendirilen Mengen in İncisi , www.mengenpostasi.com 'un sahibi olarak yazılaınıza , sayfalarımızda adınıza bir köşe ayırıp yer vermek istiyoruz..
Düşünceleriniz nedir?
Cevap bekliyorum
Teşekkürler..
Merhaba Yasemin Hanım çoook çikolatalı kekin tam bana göre ellerinize sağlık tarif ve paylaşım içinde ayrıca teşekkürler.Bende sizi pasta yemeye beklerim sevgiler.YanıtlaSil
merhaba pastaci :) bende senin tariflerini agzimin sularini akitarak takip ediyorum afiyetler olsun, seve seve geliirim pasta yemeye :)YanıtlaSil
fatih bey boyle bir teklif beni cok memnun eder. seve seve katilabilirim. mail adresinizi yazarsaniz mailden goruselim.
Eşlerimiz bizim blog sevdamıza kullanıyorlar mı bizi dersiniz arkadaşlar? En azından benimki kullanıyor :))))Bu arada kek harika görünüyor, eline sağlık..YanıtlaSil
kesinlikle katiliyorum acemi :) biliyorlar bizi, zayif noktamizdan vuruyorlar :) olsun canim hic sikayetci degilim :D afiyetler olsun...YanıtlaSil
Yasemin, etkinlik sayesinde tikladim blogunu ve cok keyif aldim. Ne hos tarifler bunlar boyle, ellerine saglik. Brownie tarifini de listeme hemen ekliyorum ki ilk firsatta deneyebileyim. Aksi halde bu nefis brownie-nin tadina bakmak mumkun olmayacak :).YanıtlaSil
Sevgiler.
selam defne :) cok memnun oldum sevmene her zaman beklerim bol bol gel :) gun gelir belki tatmakta nasip olur bellimi olur ;) iyi bak kendine... afiyetler olsun...YanıtlaSil
Yasemın hanım yorumu daha yeni farkettim 2 sene sonra oldu ancak :) mailim [email protected]ıtlaSil
teklifim hala gecerli ve site hala aktif. tesekkurler
selamün aleyküm ben simdi kahveli kekinizi denedim hala firinda su ana kadar ikizlerin annesi Ayse hanimin tariflerinden cok iyi sonuc almisdim baska tüm bloglardan yaptiklarim fiyasko oldu insaAllah sizden yaptiklarim tutar emek harcanio para veriliyo vede cöpe gitmesi cok üzücü oluyorYanıtlaSilCategoria:Francesi dell'XI secolo
Categoria che raggruppa schede biografiche di personalità francesi attive nel XI secolo.
Si ricorda che le voci delle biografie andrebbero categorizzate per professione eventualmente mediante l'uso del template Bio.
Sottocategorie
Questa categoria contiene le 5 sottocategorie indicate di seguito, su un totale di 5.
Pagine nella categoria "Francesi dell'XI secolo"
Questa categoria contiene un'unica pagina, indicata di seguito.Table of Contents
What does the term loco parentis mean?
In loco parentis refers to a relationship in which a person puts himself or herself in the situation of a parent by assuming and discharging the obligations of a parent to a child. Under the FMLA, persons who are in loco parentis include those with day-to-day responsibilities to care for or financially support a child.
Where did the term in loco parentis come from?
legal Latin, 1640s in English, literally “in the place of a parent,” from loco, ablative of locus “a place” (see locus (n.)) + parentis, genitive of parens “parent” (see parent (n.)).
What means in loco?
adverb Latin. in place; in the proper place.
Why are teachers called loco parentis?
The term in loco parentis, Latin for “in the place of a parent” refers to the legal responsibility of a person or organization to take on some of the functions and responsibilities of a parent.
Is a teacher in loco parentis?
In loco parentis, a Latin phrase, meaning in place of parent, is used to describe any other guardian or individual serving the role of a child’s parent. This makes the job of the teacher a herculean one, considering children from different backgrounds characterized with different attitudes.
Is in situ Latin?
In situ is Latin for “in place” or “in position.” In medicine, it may also mean “localized.” The term is used in both surgery cases and cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Is loco parentis legal?
In loco parentis is a legal doctrine describing a relationship similar to that of a parent to a child. It refers to an individual who assumes parental status and responsibilities for another individual, usually a young person, without formally adopting that person.
Which is better in situ or ex situ?
In situ conservation offers greater mobility to the animal species being safeguarded in its habitat. Ex situ conservation provides less mobility to the organisms due to relatively smaller habitat or area than the in situ.
What is the meaning of in situ and ex situ?
In-situ means being in the original position; not having been moved. Ex-situ means offsite conservation. It is onsite conservation or the conservation of genetic resources in natural populations of plant or animal species.
What is the example of ex situ conservation?
Complete answer: Ex situ conservation is the conservation of areas outside their natural habitat. Botanical gardens, zoological parks, seed banks, cryopreservation, field gene banks, etc. are examples of it.
What do you mean by ex situ?
Introduction. Ex-situ (‘off site’, ‘out of place’) conservation is a set of conservation techniques involving the transfer of a target species away from its native habitat to a place of safety, such as a zoological garden, botanical garden or seed bank.
Which is better in situ or the ex situ?وزیر ارتباطات در یکی از اتاق های گفتگوی شبکه اجتماعی "کلوپ هاوس" حاضر شد و به س theالات تعدادی از کاربران در مورد این بستر پاسخ داد. وی با تأکید بر اینکه فکر نمی کند برنامه ای برای فیلتر کردن این شبکه وجود داشته باشد ، گفت که چنین چیزی هرگز در نهادی از دولت یا دولت مطرح نشده است.
وزیر ارتباطات در یکی از اتاق های گفتگوی شبکه اجتماعی "کلوپ هاوس" حاضر شد و به س questionsالات تعدادی از کاربران در مورد این بستر پاسخ داد.
محمدجواد آذری جهرمی در پاسخ به این س whetherال که آیا مکالمات و مکالمات گروه ها در کلوپ خانه ضبط شده است ، گفت: هرکسی در این برنامه باشد می تواند مکالمات گروه ها را ضبط کند ، یعنی بحث آزاد و آزاد زیرا مکالمات در یک محیط عمومی انجام می شود. »
وی افزود: "همه باید به طور طبیعی در هر فضایی مودب باشند ، زیرا این گردهمایی یک اجتماع عمومی است و آنها باید به یکدیگر احترام بگذارند." حضور در این باشگاه مانند ملاقات حضوری است. " وی با اشاره به اینکه فکر نمی کنم برنامه ای برای فیلتر کردن شبکه وجود داشته باشد ، گفت: "چیزی به عنوان برنامه فیلتر شبکه وجود نداشته است."
شبکه اجتماعی Clubhouse یک شبکه چت محور است که در آن افراد می توانند در مورد موضوعات مختلف در اتاق چت خود صحبت کنند و در حال حاضر برای کاربران iOS است و تا تابستان امسال نسخه رسمی در اندروید وجود نخواهد داشت. باید گفت که تا به امروز ، هیچ نسخه رسمی برای اندروید برای Club House وجود ندارد و نسخه های غیر رسمی آن برای اندروید منتشر شده است. برخی از سیاستمداران نیز از این بستر برای گفتگوی مستقیم با مردم استفاده می کنند ، به طوری که شب گذشته جهرمی و "محمد جواد ظریف" آنها با 8000 نفر در داخل و خارج از ایران به گفتگو نشستند. در این گپ ، کاربران از جهرمی و ظریف خواستند که از فیلتر شدن کلوپ هاوس جلوگیری کنند. ظریف در پاسخ گفت: "من و آذری جهرمی نه فیلتر می کنیم و نه موافق فیلتر هستیم."
می توانید اطلاعات بیشتر در مورد کلاب هاوس و ویژگی های آن را در این لینک بیابید.| DBA: Linux
Guide to Advanced Linux Command Mastery, Part 5: Managing the Linux Environment, Continued
by Arup Nanda
In this fifth and final installment of the series, we will focus on more commands and techniques for managing a Linux environment – including a virtualized one.
Published July 2009
Shell Keyword Variables
When in the command line, you are using a ''shell'' – most likely the bash shell. In a shell you can define a variable and set a value to it to be retrieved later. Here is an example of a variable named ORACLE_HOME:
# export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/11gR2/db1
Later, you can refer to the variable by prefixing a ''$'' sign to the variable name, e.g.:
# cd $ORACLE_HOME
This is called a user defined variable. Likewise, there are several variables defined in the shell itself. These variables -- whose names have been pre-defined in the shell -- control how you interact with the shell. You should learn about these variables (at least a handful of important ones) to improve the quality and efficiency of your work.
This variable sets the Linux command prompt. Here is an example when the command where we are trying to change the prompt from the default ''# '' to ''$ '':
# export PS1="$ " $
Note how the prompt changed to $? You can place any character here to change the default prompt. The double quotes are not necessary but since we want to put a space after the ''$'' sign, we have to place quotes around it.
Is that it – to show the prompt in a fancy predefined character or character strings? Not at all. You can also place special symbols in the variable to show special values. For instance the symbol \u shows the username who logged in and \h shows the hostname. If we use these two symbols, the prompt can be customized to show who logged in and where:
$export PS1="\u@\h# " oracle@oradba1#
This shows the prompt as oracle logged in on the server called oradba1 – enough to remind yourself who and where you are. You can further customize the prompt using another symbol, \W, which shows the basename of the current directory. Here is how the prompt looks now:
# export PS1="\u@\h \W# " oracle@oradba1 ~#
The current directory is HOME; so it shows ''~''. As you change to a different directory it changes.
Adding the current directory is a great way to remind yourself where you are and the implications of your actions. Executing rm * has a different impact on /tmp than if you were on /home/oracle, doesn't it?There is another symbol - \w. There is a very important difference between \w and \W. The latter produces the basename of the current directory while the former shows the full directory:
oracle@oradba1 11:59 AM db1# export PS1="\u@\h \@ \w# " oracle@oradba1 12:01 PM /opt/oracle/product/11gR2/db1#
Note the difference? In the previous prompt, where \W was used, it showed only the directory db1, which is the basename. In the next prompt where \w was used, the full directory /opt/oracle/product/11gR2/db1 was displayed.
In many cases a full directory name in the prompt may be immensely helpful. Suppose you have three Oracle Homes. Each one will have a subdirectory called db1. How will you know where exactly you are if only ''db1'' is displayed? A full directory will leave no doubts. However, a full directory also makes the prompt very long, making it a little inconvenient.
The symbol ''\@'' shows the current time in hour:minute AM/PM format:
# export PS1="\u@\h \@ \W# " oracle@oradba1 11:59 AM db1#
Here are some other symbols you can use in PS1 shell variable:
This variable asks the shell to treat the shell variables as a whole or separate them. If desired to be separated, the value set to the IFS variable is used as a separator. Hence the name Input Field Separator (IFS). To demonstrate, let's define a variable as shown below.
These are actually two files: initODBA112.ora and init.ora. Now you want to display the first line of each of these files, you will use the head -1 command.
# head -1 $pfiles head: cannot open `initODBA112.ora:init.ora' for reading: No such file or directory
The output says it all; the shell interpreted the variable as a whole: `initODBA112.ora:init.ora', which is not a name of any file. That's why the head command fails. If the shell interpreted the '':'' as some sort of a separator, it would have done that job properly. So, that's what we can do by setting IFS variable:
# export IFS=":" # head -1 $pfiles ==> initODBA112.ora <== # first line of file initODBA112.ora ==> init.ora <== # first line of file init.ora
There you go – the shell expanded the command head -1 $pfiles to head -1 initODBA112.ora and head -1 init.ora and therefore the command executed properly.
When you use a command in Linux, it's either in a shell as you saw with the kill command in Part 4 or it's an executable file. If it's an executable, how do you know where is it located?
Take for instance the rm command, which removes some file. The command can be given from any directory. Of course the executable file rm does not exist in all the directories so how does Linux know where to look?
The variable PATH holds the locations where the shell must look for that executable. Here is an example of a PATH setting:
# echo $PATH /usr/kerberos/bin:/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin:.
When you issue a command such as rm, the shell looks for a file rm in these locations in this order:
/usr/kerberos/bin /usr/local/bin /bin /usr/bin /usr/X11R6/bin . (the current directory)
If the file is not found in any of these locations, the shell returns an error message -bash: rm: command not found. If you want to add more locations to the PATH variable, do so with '':'' as a separator.
Did you note a very interesting fact above? The location ''current directory'' is set at the very end, not at the beginning. Common sense may suggest that you put it in the beginning so that the shell looks for an executable on the current directory first before looking elsewhere. Putting it at the end will instruct the shell to look in the current directory at the end of the process. But is there a better approach?
Experts recommend that you put the current directory (.) at the end of the PATH command, not the beginning. Why? This practice is for safety. Suppose you are experimenting with some ideas to enhance common shell commands and inadvertently leave that file in your home directory. When you log in, you are in the home directory and when you execute that command, you are not executing the common command but rather the executable file in your home directory.
This could be disastrous in some cases. Suppose you are using toying with a new version of the ''cp'' command and there is a file called cp in your home directory. This file may potentially do some damage. If you type ''cp some
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Batı dillerini öğrenmenin yeterli olmadığını, Çin ve Asya kültürünün şu anda dünya üzerinde büyük etkisi olduğunu fark ettim. O yüzden Çin kültürüne, Asya kültürüne ilgi göstermeye başladım."
Her yıl 100.000'in üzerinde Türk öğrenci daha iyi eğitim almak için yurtdışında öğrenim görmeyi seçiyor. Çin'in daha fazla fırsat sunmaya başlamasıyla, trend artık bu ülkeye doğru kayıyor.
MÜBERRA BATUHAN, Çin dili öğretmeni:
"Ben orayı özlüyorum. Benim ikinci vatanım orası. Tabii ki de (Türk öğrencilere) tavsiye ediyorum gitmelerini. Tabii, orası başka bir kültür. Oranın başka bir büyüsü var açıkçası."
Xinhua Haber Ajansı muhabirleri Ankara'dan bildiriyor.Complete Commentary on the Whole Bible, by Matthew Henry, , at sacred-texts.com
David being in great distress and danger by the malice of his enemies, does, in this psalm, by prayer address himself to God, his tried refuge, and seeks shelter in him. I. He appeals to God concerning his integrity (Psa 17:1-4). II. He prays to God still to be upheld in his integrity and preserved from the malice of his enemies (Psa 17:5-8, Psa 17:13). III. He gives a character of his enemies, using that as a plea with God for his preservation (Psa 17:9-12, Psa 17:14). IV. He comforts himself with the hopes of his future happiness (Psa 17:15). Some make him, in this, a type of Christ, who was perfectly innocent, and yet was hated and persecuted, but, like David, committed himself and his cause to him that judgeth righteously.
A prayer of David.
This psalm is a prayer. As there is a time to weep and a time to rejoice, so there is a time for praise and a time for prayer. David was now persecuted, probably by Saul, who hunted him like a partridge on the mountains; without were fightings, within were fears, and both urged him as a suppliant to the throne of mercy. He addresses himself to God in these verses both by way of appeal (Hear the right, O Lord! let my righteous cause have a hearing before thy tribunal, and give judgment upon it) and by way of petition (Give ear unto my prayer Psa 17:1, and again Psa 17:6, Incline thy ear unto me and hear my speech); not that God needs to be thus pressed with our importunity, but he gives us leave thus to express our earnest desire of his gracious answers to our prayers. These things he pleads with God for audience, 1. That he was sincere, and did not dissemble with God in his prayer: It goeth not out of feigned lips. He meant as he spoke, and the feelings of his mind agreed with the expressions of his mouth. Feigned prayers are fruitless; but, if our hearts lead our prayers, God will meet them with his favour. 2. That he had been used to pray at other times, and it was not his distress and danger that now first brought him to his duty: "I have called upon thee formerly (Psa 17:6); therefore, Lord, hear me now." It will be a great comfort to us if trouble, when it comes, find the wheels of prayer a-going, for then we may come with the more boldness to the throne of grace. Tradesmen are willing to oblige those that have been long their customers. 3. That he was encouraged by his faith to expect God would take notice of his prayers: "I know thou wilt hear me, and therefore, O God, incline thy ear to me." Our believing dependence upon God is a good plea to enforce our desires towards him. Let us now see,
I. What his appeal is; and here observe,
1. What the court is to the cognizance and determination of which he makes his appeal; it is the court of heaven. "Lord, do thou hear the right, for Saul is so passionate, so prejudiced, that he will not hear it. Lord, let my sentence come forth from thy presence, Psa 17:2. Men sentence me to be pursued and cut off as an evil-doer. Lord, I appeal from them to thee." This he did in a public remonstrance before Saul's face (Sa1 24:12, The Lord judge between me and thee), and he repeats it here in his private devotions. Note, (1.) The equity and extent of God's government and judgment are a very great support to injured innocency. If we are blackened, and abused, and misrepresented, by unrighteous men, it is a comfort that we have a righteous God to go to, who will take our part, who is the patron of the oppressed, whose judgment is according to truth, by the discoveries of which every person and every cause will appear in a true light, stripped of all false colours, and by the decisions of which all unrighteous dooms will be reversed, and to every man will be rendered according to his work. (2.) Sincerity dreads no scrutiny, no, not that of God himself, according to the tenour of the covenant of grace: Let thy eyes behold the things that are equal. God's omniscience is as much the joy of the upright as it is the terror of hypocrites, and is particularly comfortable to those who are falsely accused and in any wise have wrong done them.
2. What the evidence is by which he hopes to make good his appeal; it is the trial God had made of him (Psa 17:3): Thou hast proved my heart. God's sentence is therefore right, because he always proceeds upon his knowledge, which is more certain and infallible than that which men attain to by the closest views and the strictest investigations.
(1.) He knew God had tried him, [1.] By his own conscience, which is God's deputy in the soul. The spirit of a man is the candle of the Lord, with this God had searched him, and visited him in the night, when he communed with his own heart upon his bed. He had submitted to the search, and had seriously reviewed the actions of his life, to discover what was amiss, but could find nothing of that which his enemies charged him with. [2.] By providence. God had tried him by the fair opportunity he had, once and again, to kill Saul; he had tried him by the malice of Saul, the treachery of his friends, and the many provocations that were given him; so that, if he had been the man he was represented to be, it would have appeared; but, upon all these trials, there was nothing found against him, no proof at all of the things whereof they accused him.
(2.) God tried his heart, and could witness to the integrity of that; but, for the further proof of his integrity, he himself takes notice of two things concerning which his conscience bore him record: - [1.] That he had a fixed resolution against all sins of the tongue: "I have purposed and fully determined, in the strength of God's grace, that my mouth shall not transgress." He does not say, "I hope that it will not," or, "I wish that it may not," but, "I have fully purposed that it shall not:" with this bridle he kept his mouth, Psa 39:1. Note, Constant resolution and watchfulness against sins of the tongue will be a good evidence of our integrity. If any offend not in word, the same is a perfect man, Jam 3:2. He does not say, "My mouth never shall transgress" (for in many things we all offend), but, "I have purposed that it shall not;" and he that searches the heart knows whether the purpose be sincere. [2.] That he had been as careful to refrain from sinful actions as from sinful words (Psa 17:4): "Concerning the common works of men, the actions and affairs of human life, I have, by the direction of thy word, kept myself from the paths of the destroyer." Some understand it particularly, that he had not been himself a destroyer of Saul, when it lay in his power, nor had he permitted others to be so, but said to Abishai, Destroy him not, Sa1 26:9. But it may be taken more generally; he kept himself from all evil works, and endeavoured, according to the duty of his place, to keep others from them too. Note, First, The ways of sin are paths of the destroyer, of the devil, whose name is Abaddon and Apollyon, a destroyer, who ruins souls by decoying them into the paths of sin. Secondly, It concerns us all to keep out of the paths of the destroyer; for, if we walk in those ways that lead to destruction, we must thank ourselves if destruction and misery be our portion at last. Thirdly, It is by the word of God, as our guide and rule, that we must keep out of the paths of the destroyer, by observing its directions and admonitions, Psa 119:9. Fourthly, If we carefully avoid all the paths of sin, it will be very comfortable in the reflection, when we are in trouble. If we keep ourselves, that the wicked one touch us not with his temptations (Jo1 5:18), we may hope he will not be able to touch us with his terrors.
II. What his petition is; it is, in short, this, That he might experience the good work of God in him, as an evidence of and qualification for the good will of God towards him: this is grace and peace from God the Father. 1. He prays for the work of God's grace in him (Psa 17:5): "Hold up my going in thy paths. Lord, I have, by thy grace, kept myself from the paths of the destroyer; by the same grace let me be kept in thy paths; let me not only be restrained from doing that which is evil, but quickened to abound always in that which is good. Let my goings be held in thy paths, that I may not turn back from them nor turn aside out of them; let them be held up in thy paths, that I may not stumble and fall into sin, that I may not trifle and neglect my duty. Lord, as thou hast kept me hitherto, so keep me still." Those that are, through grace, going in God's paths, have need to pray, and do pray, that their goings may be held up in those paths; for we stand no longer than he is pleased to hold us, we go no further than he is pleased to lead us, bear us up, and carry us. David had been kept in the way of his duty hitherto, and yet he does not think that this would be his security for the future, and therefore prays, "Lord, still hold me up." Those that would proceed and persevere in the way of God must, by faith and prayer, fetch in daily fresh supplies of grace and strength from him. David was sensible that his way was slippery, that he himself was weak, and not so well fixed and furnished as he should be, that there were those who watched for his halting and would improve the least slip against him, and therefore he prays, "Lord, hold me up, that my foot slip not, that I may never say nor do any thing that looks either dishonest or distrustful of thee and thy providence and promise." 2. He prays for the tokens of God's favour to him, Psa 17:7. Observe here, (1.) How he eyes God as the protector and Saviour of his people, so he calls him, and thence he takes his encouragement in prayer: O thou that savest by thy right hand (by thy own power, and needest not the agency of any other) those who put their trust in thee from those that rise up against them. It is the character of God's people that they trust in him; he is pleased to make them confidants, for his secret is with the righteous; and they make him their trust, for to him they commit themselves. Those that trust in God have many enemies, many that rise up against them and seek their ruin; but they have one friend that is able to deal with them all, and, if he be for them, no matter who is against them. He reckons it his honour to be their Saviour. His almighty power is engaged for them, and they have all found him ready to save them. The margin reads it, O thou that savest those who trust in thee from those that rise up against thy right hand. Those that are enemies to the saints are rebels against God and his right hand, and therefore, no doubt, he will, in due time, appear against them. (2.) What he expects and desires from God: Show thy marvellous loving-kindness. The word signifies, [1.] Distinguishing favours. "Set apart thy loving-kindnesses for me; put me not off with common mercies, but be gracious to me, as thou usest to do to those who love thy name." [2.] Wonderful favours. "O make thy loving-kindness admirable! Lord, testify thy favour to me in such a way that I and others may wonder at it." God's loving-kindness is marvellous for the freeness and the fulness of it; in some instances it appears, in a special manner, marvellous (Psa 118:23), and it will certainly appear so in the salvation of the saints, when Christ shall come to be glorified in the saints and to be admired in all those that believe.
We may observe, in these verses,
I. What David prays for. Being compassed about with enemies that sought his life, he prays to God to preserve him safely through all their attempts against him, to the crown to which he was anointed. This prayer is both a prediction of the preservation of Christ through all the hardships and difficulties of his humiliation, to the glories and joys of his exalted state, and a pattern to Christians to commit the keeping of their souls to God, trusting him to preserve them to his heavenly kingdom. He prays,
1. That he himself might be protected (Psa 17:8): "Keep me safe, hide me close, where I may not be found, where I may not be come at. Deliver my soul, not only my mortal life from death, but my immortal spirit from sin." Those who put themselves under God's protection may in faith implore the benefit of it.
(1.) He prays that God would keep him, [1.] With as much care as a man keeps the apple of his eye with, which nature has wonderfully fenced and teaches us to guard. If we keep God's law as the apple of our eye (Pro 7:2), we may expect that God will so keep us; for it is said concerning his people that whoso touches them touches the apple of his eye, Zac 2:8. [2.] With as much tenderness as the hen gathers her young ones under her wings with; Christ uses the similitude, Mat 23:37. "Hide me under the shadow of thy wings, where I may be both safe and warm." Or, perhaps, it rather alludes to the wings of the cherubim shadowing the mercy-seat: "Let me be taken under the protection of that glorious grace which is peculiar to God's Israel." What David here prays for was performed to the Son of David, our Lord Jesus, of whom it is said (Isa 49:2) that God hid him in the shadow of his hand, hid him as a polished shaft in his quiver.
(2.) David further prays, "Lord, keep me from the wicked, from men of the world," [1.] "From being, and doing, like them, from walking in their counsel, and standing in their way, and eating of their dainties." [2.] "From being destroyed and run down by them. Let them not have their will against me; let them not triumph over me."
2. That all the designs of his enemies to bring his either into sin or into trouble might be defeated (Psa 17:13): "Arise, O Lord! appear for me, disappoint him, and cast him down in his own eyes by the disappointment." While Saul persecuted David, how often did he miss his prey, when he thought he had him sure! And how were Christ's enemies disappointed by his resurrection, who thought they had gained their point when they had put him to death!
II. What he pleads for the encouraging of his own faith in these petitions, and his hope of speeding. He pleads,
1. The malice and wickedness of his enemies: "They are such as are not fit to be countenanced, such as, if I be not delivered from them by the special care of God himself, will be my ruin. Lord, see what wicked men those are that oppress me, and waste me, and run me down." (1.) "They are very spiteful and malicious; they are my deadly enemies, that thirst after my blood, my heart's blood - enemies against the soul," so the word is. David's enemies did what they could to drive him to sin and drive him away from God; they bade him go serve other gods (Sa1 26:19), and therefore he had reason to pray against them. Note, Those are our worst enemies, and we ought so to account them, that are enemies to our souls. (2.) "They are very secure and sensual, insolent and haughty (Psa 17:10): They are enclosed in their own fat, wrap themselves, hug themselves, in their own honour, and power, and plenty, and then make light of God, and set his judgments at defiance, Psa 73:7; Job 15:27. They wallow in pleasure, and promise themselves that tomorrow shall be as this day. And therefore with their mouth they speak proudly, glorying in themselves, blaspheming God, trampling upon his people, and insulting them." See Rev 13:5, Rev 13:6. "Lord, are not such men as these fit to be mortified and humbled, and made to know themselves? Will it not be for thy glory to look upon these proud men and abase them?" (3.) "They are restless and unwearied in their attempts against me: They compass me about, Psa 17:9. They have now in a manner gained their point; they have surrounded us, they have compassed us in our steps, they track us wherever we go, follow us as close as the hound does the hare, and take all advantages against us, being both too many and too quick for us. And yet they pretend to look another way, and set their eyes bowing down to the earth, as if they were meditating, retired into themselves, and thinking of something else;" or (as some think), "
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through the acquisition of another’s language is underscored by the “symbiotic” construction “my s Vanechkoi” (Vania and I) used by Darling when speaking about her first husband and “my s Vasechkoi” (Vasia and I) when refering to her second. In the Russian construction both persons are subsumed in one first person Plural pronoun my(we). The importance of this detail is brought forth by the narrator when he notes that Darling’s other nickname was “my s Vanechkoi” (Vania and I).
The process of absorption of another through the adoption of his language is supported here on the level of the plot as well. Her own father, whom she had loved before, languishes in the attic—sick and mute—to die sometime in the middle of the story. Kukin gets thinner and yellower, while Darling gets plumper and lovelier. Pustovalov’s demise is presented as accidental, however the immediate cause of death is the tea brewed by Darling at the warehouse.
This seemingly harmless creature is transformed into a witch—her luscious neck a lure, the skillfully woven net into which unsuspecting males are only too eager to fly. Without the source, without the love “that would take possession of her whole being, her soul, her mind, that would give her ideas, a purpose in life, that would warm her aging blood,” she withers away. The black birthmark on the white neck is a barely perceptable flaw, an illusion, or a fantasy, of an earlier, rapacious assault on this wholeness. Darling’s black cat—her constant companion—is another sign that she is now a witch. So are the weekly visits she and Pustovalov pay to the bathhouse, the traditional locus of all prophecy, sorcery, and magical cures in Russian folklore.
The witch here is hidden, concealed under the guise of the diminutive and seemingly innocuous “little soul.” But she is no less dangerous to her unsuspecting victims than the terrifying witch of Russian folklore. The problem which had plagued the little characters of Chekhov in his early comic stories—that of acquiring the language-power— Darling the witch solves simply by consuming the male possessor of that language. The first part of the story portrays the woman as a zero (Darling’s Christian name is Olga) which appropriates, and destroys, the male for the purpose of this woman’s self-embodiment, identification. In Helene Cixous’ formulation of identification (through reading): “When I say “identification,” I do not say “loss of self.” I become, I inhabit, I enter. Inhabiting someone, at that moment I can feel myself traversed by that person’s initiatives and actions.” Darling needs to “inhabit” someone to be happy. She is the ultimate body-snatcher of Russian literature.
But out of a witch here now emerges the mother. Darling’s metamorphosis changes the scope of the story and is the primary source of its ambiguity. Darling’s quest now appears to be a quest for maternal fulfillment. Her passivity, her captivating (literally so) beauty, her adoption of the language of the male, as well as her implied witchcraft appear to be Darling’s rites of passage into motherhood.
Darling is the mythical Psyche whose Eros is not any of her husbands, but the adopted child. “Sasha, small for his age (he was going on ten), chubby, with clear blue eyes and dimples in his cheeks.” He is also blond and mischievous—a lovely Cupid of Classical and Baroque vintage (and from the garishly painted drawing rooms of the Russian gentry). In this story, as in Apuleius’ “Psyche and Eros”: “each physical conquest is a concrete marker of an increase in psychic range, a claim of consciousness to apprehend and use what was formerly forbidden and inaccessible.” But, if, as a modern critic observes, in the myth, “the main representative vehicle is a female who represents not the “feminine” but the human,” in Chekhov’s story the myth of Psyche is interpreted to accommodate the culturally determined view that a woman’s force—her jouissance, to use the term of French feminist criticism—should be channeled into motherhood.
Darling’s jouissance is found in the child. “How she loves him! Not one of her former attachments was so deep; never had her soul surrendered itself so unreservedly, so disinterestedly and with such joy as now when her maternal instinct was increasingly asserting itself. For this little boy who was not her own, for the dimples in his cheeks, for his very cap, she would have laid down her life, would have laid it down with joy, with tears of tenderness. Why? But who knows why?”
But, of course, it is clear, why. Darling’s quest is accomplished; she is finally able to find the mother in herself, to fill a void in the text (the story avoids any mention of Darling’s mother). When she extracts what she needs—a child—she is pacified, and the text spares one of the authors of her languages, the veterinarian Smirnin. Now Darling’s possessiveness is culturally permissible; now the adoption of another’s language and complete surrender to another are no longer suspect, nor ridiculous; for her love and devotion have found a proper channel.
Now the woman is portrayed as a more ambivalent figure. The comic tone of the first part of the story is abandoned, the metamorphosis from witch into mother is signalled in the text by the word “soul” (dusha) used in place of “little soul” (dushechka) to describe Darlings feelings—(“never had her soul surrendered itself so unreservedly. . .”). For the first time in Darling’s life she is ready to give of herself rather than to take away. She gains stature—because the threat of abandonment is both imminent and accepted by Darling as the natural outcome of the mother—male child relationship. Her position is even more complex because she is not Sasha’s natural mother, but, ironically, a pretender for the role. The close of the story anticipates the future abandonment. Little Sasha’s nightmare is a protest against his adoptive mother; it is a premonition of Sasha’s future and inexorable flight from the terrifying force of the feminine. . .
How can Chekhov’s portraits of women in these stories be reconciled with the popular belief that he was, above all, an “objective” writer? It is with this question in mind that Chekhov’s women characters have been scrutinized and diligently categorized into “types.” As a result, Chekhov’s attitude to his female characters has been applauded by some and condemned by others. Surprisingly, however, the humble cultural origins of Chekhov’s views (and his personal idiosyncrasies) have often been overlooked in attempts to mold the writer’s rather contradictory posture toward women (both in his life and work) into something acceptable to his admirers.
The search for culturally appropriate languages shaping the destinies of many Chekhov’s characters finds its source in the fluidity of social identity in late Tsarist Russia. And the path of his characters is profoundly affected by Chekhov’s own experience. In a very direct way Chekhov’s rise to prominence involved the overcoming of the old cultural models linked very closely—through his father—to the religious world of the peasant community. The adoption of new symbolic languages—the secular world of the medical student, as well as the world of the poor and then successful author—must have put an indelible stamp on Chekhov’s consciousness. The chaos of new symbolic systems had to be organized into a new cultural pattern, integrated into a revised system of values; all of which led Chekhov the doctor to adopt avidly the “language of objectivity” preached at Moscow University by his mentor, Professor Zakhar’in.
Undoubtedly, the forces shaping Chekhov’s explication of the feminine are also rooted in his personal (culturally and historically encoded) experience. Chekhov’s reaction to the controversy around “The Witch” and “The Darling” points to a certain psychological trait—a pattern of behavior— which appears to have played a large role in guiding Chekhov’s attitude to women and men, both in work and life. Chekhov’s response to the storm created by the stories was one of detached amusement. This detachment is significant, since here we find Chekhov constructing a barrier between his public and private persona and the “difficult” Darling and Witch— his literary daughters (the same kind of a barrier put up between the implied author and the women characters in the text of these stories.) As with Chekhov’s own relationships with women, a pattern of “conquer and flee” is evident in the author’s “hands off” stance when confronted by a heated critical and popular response to the stories.
Chekhov’s view of women undoubtedly “shared the blindness and exploitative bent of the prevailing patriarchal culture.” Of course, Chekhov was not and could not be a feminist writer, but neither was he a misogynist, as some critics have claimed; rather he was a male writer whose views had been largely formed by his culture and who in turn assisted in this culture’s subsequent development. Chekhov’s early portraits of women had to conform to the rigid prescriptions of the cheap humour magazines where his first stories were published. They reflected the reigning attitudes and tastes of his low-middle class male readers; attitudes and tastes both blind and exploitative. Moreover, stereotypical portrayal of women (and men) is inherent in the comic genre— Chekhov’s chief mode of early writing. In later “straight” stories the stereotypes are fleshed out, made more psychologically round and believable. Nevertheless, the contours of those first, sharply delineated characters are still discernible in some portraits of Chekhov’s women.
To be sure, Chekhov’s views on women evolved over the course of his career, along with the views of his society. The positive heroines of mature Chekhov transcend the confines of his mythically helpless women. This, however, is not the case with “The Darling.”
As I have shown earlier in this article, the ubiquitous, and unsuccessful, quest by his characters for a “proper” language, displayed by means of comic heteroglossia, is the core of Chekhov’s early work. And with comic heteroglossia comes the need for stereotypical characterization and for dissociation by the implied author from his characters. What worked for Chekhov in his comic stories is made to work in “The Darling” as well. Here, as before, a “case history” revolves around the lack of language. And, as before, the implied author stands at a distance and employs an aggressive course of “treatment” for a social malaise. As in “The Witch” and “The Pink Stocking,” it is the “treatment” of the feminine that most concerns the author here. And, as in those two stories, he tames the woman’s menacing force by ridiculing it.
However, in contrast to Chekhov’s approach in his earlier stories, in “The Darling” his heroine’s potential for destruction is explored to the fullest degree. And only after the threat of femininity has been amply demonstrated is she allowed to find what for her is a new language. It is at this point that the distance between the author and his character begins to shrink and authorial control is undermined. Undermined, but only to a degree. The choice of a new language for Darling is Chekhov’s, and this language is not new after all; it is the only one deemed proper for women by Chekhov’s society—the language of motherhood. The character’s possessiveness finds a “proper” channel; however, the situation is made more complex when Darling appears as a pathetic figure soliciting the reader’s compassion, since her maternal instincts are shown to be expressed toward a child who is not her own.
Chekhov’s Victorian society perceived the woman to be “on the continuous periphery of culture’s clearing”—between nature and culture. In “The Darling” the doctor-author’s intended objectivity surrenders to the overpowering beliefs of his patriarchal society. Here the good woman of Chekhov speaks the mother tongue; and in her role of adoptive mother she is both sublimated and “tamed.” In the end, however, she resists this final manipulation by her author; she strikes back by revealing Chekhov’s ambivalent stance toward women and by compromising her first, and most important, author’s “objectivity.”
Source: Nadya Peterson, “The Languages of ‘Darling,’” in Canadian-American Slavic Studies, Vol. 24, No. 2, Summer 1990, pp. 203-09, 212-15.
In the following essay, Bayuk defines Olenka within the stereotype of the’ “Submissive Wife,” but praises Olenka’s adaptability, maintaining she is a “True Survivor.”
“The female nature is afflicted with natural defectiveness” stated Aristotle, the father of logic and truth; “women are deficient” proclaimed St. Thomas Aquinas; “frailty, thy name is woman” asserted Shakespeare; “woman was made to yield to man and put up with his injustice” proclaimed Jean Jacques Rousseau, the fighter for social justice, and Sigmund Freud summed it all up in a pseudo-scientific manner by ascribing to women an evergrowing envy of that particular male organ that we were deprived of by our Creator, either for the lack of virtues or the lack of material (only so much can be fashioned out of a rib, even a large one).
Who, may I ask, could doubt the words of these men of wisdom? Through the centuries, convinced of their natural superiority, men created, built, made laws, discovered distant lands, and created masterpieces at their writing desks, while their women prepared meals, scrubbed floors and bore and raised children. The more fortunate ones were permitted to “inspire and encourage” their men, edit their manuscripts, arrange their paint brushes or pose for them, thus becoming immortal by the sheer luck of being dimply, pleasant to look at, or enigmatic.
Today, a great deal of research is underway to prove that women too had their share in creating our artistic and literary world. Numerous articles have ecstatically enumerated women of fame in an effort to recognize their contributions. Moreover, in some tribes women are considered equal or even superior to men in certain aspects. However the questions: “How does our society (The Western World) see its women? How are they portrayed in world masterpieces?” and “In what way do we still contribute to maintain these images?” are yet to be answered. The sex-based stereotypes are yet to be established.
Seven female types seem to dominate both men’s and women’s viewpoint. They are: the Submissive Wife, the Mother Image, the Dominating Bitch, the Seductress, the Sex Object, the Old Maid, and the Liberated Woman. Although no female reader will view herself as belonging to one of the above listed types, she is able to recognize them and perhaps come up with an example or two.
Although an additional type is emerging today in sociological work, an androgynous being—from “andros” and “gene” meaning male and female— its literary portrayal is nil. The opponents of the concept state that the myth of androgyny was created by men seeking feminine elements to complement themselves thus reducing women to merely symbolic status. The proponents of androgyny view this new being as a complete person operating in a harmonious human community where sexual dichotomy is no longer controlling its mores. In such a society, the child’s sex will no longer determine his personality, behavior or the choice of a profession.
It seems that a society like the U.S.S.R. should become the cradle of such beings, since its government as well as many communist writers, believe in living in the ultimate sociological Utopia where all are equal and everything is just. But do we find any evidence of androgynous beings in the Soviet literature? No, we do not. The old stereotypes prevail except that their members are now permitted to toil side by side with men: The old Maid could certainly become a barber tending the wild locks of viril males. The Submissive Wife would do well for a promotion-conscious commissar if she is at the same time a well behaved female. The Dominating Bitch could be a successful leader of a political cell, carrying her tag of a bitch to the cell’s meetings.
Why is it that we cannot throw off this veil of sexual prejudice? According to some psychologists, certain stereotypes are particularly strong because they are formed not by a single society but the entire experience of mankind; Jung called them archetypes that corresponded to the images existing in the Collective Unconsciousness. Women are still viewed today, and in the communist countries as well, mainly in their biological, primordial role, as the mysterious source of life. The expression “You came a long way, baby,” means very little; it was created by Madison Avenue men to appease the female’s ego and to lure her into purchasing their products.
The popularization of literary images has increased their influence, obliterating the distinction between literary characters and real people. Sigmund Freud has implanted the idea still very much alive according to which woman, in departing from her biological and socially passive roles, pays for her folly with neurosis, solitude, social rejection, and death. This idea was exploited by countless writers including the contemporary Soviet authors. Women in Solzhenitsyn’s works for example, are drab, lonely and passive; in fact, they are not very important. In fact, if we were to delete all female characters from his works except for Cancer Ward, there would be no noticeable loss of content.
In Cancer Ward, although women play an important part in the plot, they are too stereotyped: the Mother Image is the old cleaning woman; the Sex Object is the young nurse; the Sex Goddess is the young dancer who loses her breasts perhaps as a punishment for being too frivolous, and finally, the Liberated Women such as the two female doctors who work long hours, get no visible rewards, and pay for their ambitions and sterility with the lack of romance and a submission to cancer. Solzhenitsyn’s women are downright boring, and it is perhaps in their portrayal that his talent has failed him. Some critics believe that he did not know women very well, thus could not make them come to life in his
“Why is it that we cannot throw off this veil of sexual prejudice? According to some psychologists, certain stereotypes are particularly strong because they are formed not by a single society but the entire experience of mankind; Jung called them archetypes that corresponded to the images existing in the Collective Unconsciousness.”
novels. The fact that he did not know women of his own country is a very sad state of affairs.
Anton Chekhov’s “The Darling” (“Dushechka”) is one of the finest examples of the Submissive Wife type, grotesquely exaggerated, yet realistic even today. The Submissive Wife is a woman who willingly and happily submits to the domination of a male with whom she lives or associates. She readily acknowledges his superiority and lives and sees the world through the eyes of her mate. “The Darling’s” heroine, Olenka, the daughter of a retired college professor, cannot exist without worshipping a man. She is described by Chekhov as a gentle, softhearted girl, with tender eyes, flushed cheeks, and naive smile that provokes a uniform reaction from men and women: “You darling!”, they say when they see her. All her life, she worships her men: her papa, her French master, her two husbands, her lover, and finally her
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赞德·谢奥菲勒。
（哥仨好：伍兹，麦克罗伊，托马斯）
美巡赛主席杰·莫纳汉和TMRW（明天）体育公司创始人兼首席执行官迈克·麦卡利（前美国高尔夫频道总裁）等人也与伍兹和麦克罗伊一起参加了TGL新场馆的奠基仪式。该联赛计划将一些模拟高尔夫和现场表演结合，向体育馆的观众们呈现，短杆和推杆将在该体育场中进行。
“我们希望做到的一件事情是：持续介绍高尔夫运动，”伍兹在以T45名完成捷恩斯邀请赛两天后说道，那是他在2022年英国公开赛以来的首次正式比赛。“拥有这样一个前所未有的体育场，让我们感到兴奋，我们将拥有不同的东西，一些充满激情的东西。”
（托马斯，麦克罗伊）
麦克罗伊表示，TGL将为高尔夫球迷带来超越传统的体验，球迷们可以在体育场内选择和支持自己喜欢的球队，就像他自己从小为曼联队欢呼一样。球员们将佩戴麦克风，球迷们和电视观众们将更好地了解他们击球的背景和思维过程。麦克罗伊说，TGL能够将一项伟大的运动“带入21世纪”，并可能在此过程中吸引更年轻的球迷。
“它深深根植于传统，”麦克罗伊说，“这是一件很棒的事情，但我觉得尝试将高尔夫带给更年轻的群体，是非常重要的。”
TGL体育馆项目是公私合作的一部分。TMRW体育公司向棕榈滩州立大学校长艾娃·帕克博士递交了一张100万美元的支票，从而达成了双方的合作。“忘记周一晚上的橄榄球赛吧，”帕克博士笑着说，“周一晚上将会有高尔夫！”
2023年，棕榈滩州立大学将迎来90周年校庆，该校将增设针对新先进技术浪潮的课程，有望创造未来更多的就业机会并从中受益。一项预测是：未来几年，STEM（科学，技术，工程，数学的统称）将创造80万个工作岗位。
“TGL最大的目标，也是最让我们自豪的，就是采用这项技术提供更多打高尔夫球的机会，让以前也许无法踏上球场的孩子们有更多机会接触高尔夫，”麦卡利说，“他们可能从未梦想过成为老虎·伍兹或者罗里·麦克罗伊，但由于技术的运用，现在他们可以拥有这样的梦想了。这就是我们要在这里做的事情。”
TGL拥有美巡赛的支持，因为它有助于凸显美巡赛上最耀眼的明星们，并让球迷们用不同的视角观看他们。团队高尔夫有望带来不同的活力，球队之间的现场互掐也可能会非常有趣。
（伍兹，莫纳汉）
莫纳汉还指出，这将是高尔夫在佛罗里达州取得成功的又一例证。美巡赛总部位于该州的蓬特韦德拉海滩，每年在该州举办九场比赛，包括接下来的四场赛事——本田精英赛、阿诺德·帕尔默邀请赛、球员锦标赛和威士伯锦标赛。
“今天的奠基仪式是重大的一步，”莫纳汉说，“我们很自豪能与TGL合作，并以独一无二、几乎无法想象的方式展示美巡赛顶级球手们。它拥有创新、进步、真实和高科技的因素。它是我们每周在美巡赛上看到的、对球迷热情好客的典范。”
这“几铲土”所预示的未来，将是令人惊叹的。Come preparare la marmellata di noci al cacao
Questa guida spiega i passaggi necessari per preparare in casa un’ottima marmellata a base di noci.
Fare la marmellata di noci al cacao
Difficoltà: Facile
Necessario
- Ingredienti per 4 persone:
- 1 kg di noci fresche e sgusciate
- 1/2 kg di zucchero di canna
- 1 cucchiaino di cacao amaro
- Le noci da utilizzare per preparare questa marmellata devono essere quasi giunte a maturazione ed avere ancora il guscio piuttosto tenero.
- Togliere i gherigli cercando di non romperli, poi tuffarli in acqua bollente per 5 minuti. Scolarli e passarli in acqua fredda.
- Preparare uno sciroppo con poca acqua e lo zucchero, farlo bollire per 10 minuti, poi aggiungere le noci.
- Cuocere a fiamma molto bassa per 2 ore mescolando frequentemente con un cucchiaio di legno e cercando di rompere i gherigli.
- Qualche minuto prima di togliere la marmellata dal fuoco, unire il cacao amaro e mescolare molto energicamente.
- Invasare la marmellata ancora calda, lasciarla raffreddare, chiudere ermeticamente e sterilizzare per 30 minuti.بازداشت مقامات جدید در عربستان
به گزارش وبلاگ انجمن ها، مقامات جدیدی در عربستان به بهانه مشارکت در فساد برای انجام تحقیقات دستگیر و بازداشت شدند.
به گزارش گروه بین الملل وبلاگ انجمن ها، خبرگزاری رسمی عربستان سعودی (واس) روز شنبه به نقل از یک منبع مسئول در هیات نظارت و مبارزه با فساد اداری این کشور اضافه کرد که این هیات در دوره گذشته به 227 پرونده جنایی 374 شهروند و افراد مقیم این کشور که دستگیر و تحقیقات از آن ها اجرا شده بود، رسیدگی کرده و این پرونده ها را برای صدور حکم به دادگاه صالح ارجاع داده است.
وی مشارکت مسئولان شهرداری های وابسته به استانداری ریاض را از مهمترین و برجسته ترین این پرونده ها اعلام نمود و گفت که یکی از این افراد کننده امور شهرداری ها و دیگری مدیر امور تدارکات و قرارداد ها در این سازمان است.
این منبع با اشاره به اینکه از خانه های این افراد بازرسی شده است، اضافه کرد: در بازرسی از خانه های آن ها علاوه بر شمش های طلا و سلاح بیش از 45 میلیون ریال نیز کشف شد.
وی اضافه کرد: متهمان به رشوه خواری، جعل و سو استفاده از مناصب شغلی خود اعتراف کردند.
خبرگزاری واس با اشاره به اینکه محمد بن سلمان ولیعهد سعودی در نامه ای به مازن الکهموس رئیس هیات نظارت و مبارزه با فساد این کشور از تلاش های این هیات در مبارزه با فساد در عربستان تقدیر کرده است.
گروهی از مقامات، شاهزاده ها و کارمندان دولتی در عربستان از چند ماه گذشته به بهانه مشارکت در فساد دستگیر شده اند.
در همین ارتباط، سلمان بن عبدالعزیز شاه سعودی 13 آبان ماه 96 دستور تشکیل سازمان مبارزه با فساد به ریاست پسرش محمد را صادر کرد و بدنبال آن بود که ده ها نفر از شاهزادگان و مسئولان فعلی و پیشین سعودی بازداشت شدند.
به دنبال این بازداشتها، بن سلمان ولیعهد سعودی توانست بیش از 106 میلیارد دلار پول نقد، اجناس قیمتی و اموال گران قیمت دیگر را در قبال آزادی برخی از شاهزادگان، از آنان دریافت کند.
نوامبر 2017 (آبان 96) حدود 381 نفر در عربستان به اتهام فساد اقتصادی و اختلاس بازداشت و بیشتر آن ها در هتل ریتزکارلتون در ریاض زندانی شدند. در حال حاضر از این عده هنوز چند نفر در بازداشت به سر می برند.
محمد بن سلمان ولیعهد سعودی با دفاع از موج بازداشت مسئولان کنونی و پیشین عربستان و آنچه مبارزه با فساد خوانده است، مدعی شد که وی تلاش می کند با این کار، اقتصاد کشورش را اصلاح کند.
این درحالی است که سازمان های حقوق بشری، اقدام عربستان برای بازداشت کسانی که از آن ها به عنوان مفسد اقتصادی یاد می کند، مخالفان ولیعهد سعودی برای جانشینی پدر دانسته اند، تا اقدامی که رسانه های عربستانی از آن به عنوان پرونده مبارزه با فساد تعبیر می کنند.منبع: خبرگزاری دانشجوBir çocuk bakım merkezinde (kısaca Kita) çocuğunuz gün boyunca kendi yaşındaki diğer çocuklarla birlikte bakılır ve eğitim alır. Çocuklar Kita’da diğer çocuklarla birlikte oyun oynar, spor, resim, el sanatlarıyla uğraşır ve şarkı söyler. Sorumluluk alayı ve kavgaları barışçıl bir şekilde çözmeyi öğrenirler. Çocuklar Kita’da ayrıca doğa, beslenme, teknoloji, çevre ve trafik konusunda birçok önemli bilgi öğrenirler. Önce harfleri ve sayıları öğrenirler. Ayrıca beraber park, tiyatro ve kütüphanelere gider, festivalleri kutlarlar. Yaz ve kış aylarında hem iç hem de dış mekanlarda oyun oynarlar. Bu nedenle, çocukların Kita’ya hava koşullarına dayanıklı, uygun ve kirlenmesinde mahsur olmayan giysilerle gelmeleri gerekir.
Kindertagesstätte (Kita) kelimesi, çeşitli çocuk bakım merkezleri için kullanılan ortak bir terimdir. Almanya'da çocuk bakım merkezleri üçe ayrılır:
- Kinderkrippen (Kreş) üç yaşın altındaki çocuklar içindir.
- Kindergärten (Anaokulu) üç ila yedi yaş arası çocuklar içindir.
- Kinderhort (Çocuk bakım merkezi) ise çocukların okuldan sonra da kalıp bakıldıkları yerlere nedir.Several articles, such as this one in the Scotsman, have covered the Chancellor of the Exchequer’s announcement that Scotland after independence won’t be able to use the pound:
The Treasury confirmed that, while it could not block Scotland from using the currency, it could be reduced to a situation where it had no say in fiscal policy, was prevented from printing its own money and was locked out of any valuation decisions.
Treasury officials confirmed this would mean Scottish banks, which are licensed by the Bank of England to print their own notes, would be barred from doing so in the event of independence.
Royal Bank of Scotland, Clydesdale Bank and Lloyds-owned Bank of Scotland are able to print bank notes with the faces of famous Scots, in a long tradition that has been symbolic of Scottish identity.
Whereas there’s nothing Scotland can do about being locked out from England’s fiscal policy – but to be honest, it currently tends to cater for the needs of the City of London anyway – an independent country can certainly make its own decisions about printing bank notes.
I would recommend creating a Scottish pound after independence, locking it to the English pound using a currency board. This basically means that the Central Bank of Scotland would store English pounds in its vaults and print Scottish pound notes and mint Scottish coins in the same amounts.
The advantage – apart from having distinctive Scottish money – would be that it would be easy to break the peg and link the Scottish pound to the euro instead if that was decided to be desirable. If English money was used directly, that would be much harder.
Lots of countries use currency boards, and they work really well, so it’s a no-brainer to use one at first, at least until Scotland has been seen to have a strong economy, after which it might even be desirable to let the Scottish pound float freely.In questo esercizio il meditatore esprime la sua fiducia nel processo di reincarnazione e si sottometterà completamente alle Leggi Divine quando arriverà il momento di impegnarsi nell'azione, in un progetto concreto, ecc. Aiuta l'essere a rimanere sempre fedele al movimento naturale, alla sincronicità e quindi a sviluppare la ricettività nell'azione, con fiducia e comprensione (IEZALEL EMISSIF).معاون خدمات بیمه ای بانک کشاورزی گیلان گفت: تاکنون دو محصول استراتژیک استان شامل برنج و چای با سطح زیرکشت افزون بر ۵۳ هزار هکتار تحت پوشش بیمه قرار گرفتند.
پیمان معمارزاده افزود: از این وسعت ۳۸ هزار و ۹۵۰ هکتار مربوط به اراضی شالیزاری و حدود ۱۴ هزار و ۱۰۰ هکتار هم باغات چای است.
وی اظهار داشت: تاکنون ۴۴ هزار و ۲۰۰ نفر از شالیکاران گیلان اراضی شالیزاری و ۳۰ هزار و ۲۱۰ نفر از چایکاران نیز باغات چای شان را بیمه کردند.
معمارزاده با بیان اینکه مهلت بیمه اراضی شالیزاری تا پایان ماه جاری و چای و مرکبات تا فردا “دهم تیرماه” تمدید شده است، اظهار داشت: علاقه مندان می توانند با مراجعه به شعب اصلی بانک کشاورزی در شهرستان های گیلان یا دفاتر خدمات بیمه ای برای بیمه این محصولات اقدام کنند.
وی گفت: بیمه محصولات کشاورزی ۳۴ نوع محصول را تحت پوشش قرار می دهد که عمده ترین آن برنج، چای، دام های سبک و سنگین، ابریشم، طیور، باغات فندوق و زیتون است.
معاون خدمات بیمه ای بانک کشاورزی گیلان بیان داشت: بر اساس آخرین آمار تاکنون ۸۴ هزار و ۸۰۰ نفر در این استان محصولات کشاورزی خود را بیمه کرده اند.
گیلان دارای ۳۱۴ هزار هکتار اراضی کشاورزی است، ۳۱۷ هزار نفر از مردم استان در بخش کشاورزی مشغول به فعالیت هستند. برنج، چای، زیتون، پیله ابریشم، بادام زمینی، زیتون، فندق و مرکبات عمده ترین محصولات کشاورزی گیلان هستند.
گیلان همچنین یکی از تولید کنندگان مهم طیور در کشور است.
منبع: ایرناTürkiye ve birçok ülkede futbol scout olarak önemli futbolcuların takımlara kazandırılması için çalışmalar yürüten Salih MARAL, Güney Afika ülkelerinden anlaştığı lokal scoutlar ile yüzlerce futbolcuyu keşfetmeye çalışıyor.
Senegal, Nijerya gibi yerel liglerde özellikle 16-20 yaş grubu oyuncuların gelişimini takip eden Maral, bugüne kadar oyuncuların Türkiye, Fransa, Belçika Rusya ülkelere transfer olmasında ön ayak oldu.From Ohio History Central
Courtesy of Montgomery County Historical Society. Reverse reads "John H. Patterson. 1844-1922. Born Dayton, O. A.B. Dartmouth, 1867. President, mgr., and principal owner of the National Cash Register Co. 1884-1922. Industrialist, citizen, educator. Decorated by French government with the Legion of Honor for his "enterprise--and his efforts for the benefit of his employees." This is a portrait photograph of John H. Patterson (1844-1922), the president, manager and owner of the National Cash Register Company in Dayton, Ohio. Patterson founded the National Cash Register Company in Dayton, Ohio. Hoping the machines could save him money by reducing accounting errors in his supply business, he purchased the patent rights to the cash register from James Ritty in 1884. Within six months, he reduced his debt and showed a profit. Patterson built the first National Cash Register factory on his family's farm in Dayton in 1888. By the turn of the century, the company had become one of the largest employers in Dayton. Known for his strict training program for salespeople and health and education programs for employees, Patterson was closely involved in the daily lives of many of his workers.
Montgomery County Historical Society
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In 2008, the InterAmerican campus of Miami Dade College received a Title V-grant from the U.S. Department of Education to develop accelerated courses in English for academic purposes. The resulting program, called Project ACE, uses content-based instruction to teach English as a second language. Content-based instruction is a curriculum design in which instructional material, learning tasks, and classroom technology used in the language classroom come from academic disciplines like psychology and biology.
The ultimate goal of Project ACE is to equip students with the language skills they need to continue their education or advance in the workforce.
Project ACE is a fast-track English for Academic Purposes program for students with strong academic backgrounds. To be considered for admission into Project ACE, applicants must:
- Be admissible as a student at Miami Dade College.
- Place into the appropriate level of English for Academic Purposes.
- Demonstrate commitment to complete Project ACE courses and have the time available to do so.
- Provide evidence of academic achievement. (Learn more)Copper River Record November 1, 2018
By Robin Mayo
Lampreys were the topic of the first WISE Science Lecture of the season, held October 19th at the Wrangell-St. Elias National Park Auditorium. Our speaker was Andres Lopez, of UAF Museum of the North. 29 people attended, with a wide variety of ages, communities, and backgrounds represented.
To begin, Dr. Lopez answered the question of exactly what is a lamprey, specifically how it is related to eels. Although he must be asked this question very often, he answered it with grace and humor, by showing the evolutionary track of both creatures. It turns out that eels and lampreys are not even distant cousins, in fact eels are more closely related to humans than to lampreys, as people and eels both have mineralized hard skeletons, while lamprey are cartilaginous, lacking jaws and several other accoutrements we take for granted.
Most of Dr. Lopez’ research has been on Arctic lamprey (Lethenteron camtschaticum) which are found throughout northern, central and western Alaska, and even the Susitna River drainage. Here in the Copper River watershed we have Pacific lampreys (Entosphenus tridentatus) which are larger. Worldwide, there are about 40 living species of lamprey, occupying almost exclusively far northern and southern latitudes. Some are freshwater, some marine, and some anadromous.
Over and over during this lecture, I found my conceptions about some basic facts of life challenged. For instance, it was long thought that there were two species of lamprey occupying overlapping habitat, Arctic lamprey and Alaska Brook Lamprey (Lethenteron alaskense.) Through genetic analysis of diverse populations, Dr. Lopez and his colleagues have proven that they are actually one species, despite their quite different habits and appearance.
Here is when it gets a little weird. In their larval stage, lamprey are called ammocoetes
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4米 歌赋山 - 479米金马伦山- 439米 包它向他充鸡技给胶鸡研毕拿山 - 436米紫罗兰山- 433米渣甸山- 433米 聂歌信山 - 430米 邻近地理
甚永香港岛的北面与九龙半岛相隔着维多利亚港，现时共有3条过海行车隧道及3条过海铁路接驳世胜则燃吃技县安架港、九两岸，中间亦有港内线渡轮行走。本来位于奇力岛铜锣湾对出海域，在1955年兴建新的铜历锣湾避风塘时与香港岛连接，当时奇印书列倍席这力岛由波斯富街尾一直筑海堤得以接连。1969年至1972年，为兴建红隧入口，湾仔田阻类空良及铜锣湾北进行了另一次填海工程，遂发展成现时的地貌。而湾仔对出海域的香港会议展览中心新翼部分为人工岛烈星协别犯。
香港岛的东面为东龙洲，中间以蓝塘海峡相峙。 香港岛的南面主要为南丫岛、鸭脷洲及蒲台群岛等岛屿，而当中的鸭脷洲与香港仔隔着香港仔海峡对望，中间以鸭脷洲大桥连接。南丫岛的发战衣季倍热亚引红阻电厂则为整个香港岛供应电力。
香港的西北面有二个小岛，分别为青洲及小青洲，合称大小青洲，与香港岛中间隔著硫磺海峡。政府原计划将青洲以填海方式连接香港岛，并发展成为一个全新住宅区，同时建议作京集序书整卷为以青洲作发展10号干线刘刻武威友顶技中连接大屿山的海底隧道的起点。然而，在环保团体的强烈反对下，有关计划已搁置。现两个岛上均并没有任何居民居住。
折叠 编辑本段 环境
香港岛地势较高的中心地带，除摩星岭、山顶、黄泥涌峡和部分渣甸山之外，大都属于郊野公园范围，包括龙虎山郊野公园、薄扶林郊野公园、香港仔郊野公园、大潭郊野公园、大潭郊野公园(鲗鱼涌扩建部份)和石澳郊野公园。除香港岛了给游人享受郊游乐趣之外，郊野公园为香港岛"市肺"，并确保集水区不受城市污染。园内的薄扶林水塘、香港仔水塘和大潭水塘和黄泥涌水塘为香港早期主要食水来源。
香港岛主要远足径为港岛径，全长共50公里，分为8段。起点位于山顶炉峰峡，而终点则为大浪湾。跨越港九新界的卫奕信径的第一和第二段亦途经大潭郊野公园和大潭郊野公园(鲗鱼涌扩建部份)。
除郊野公园之外，香港岛鹤咀亦设有香港的一个海岸保护区──鹤咀海岸保护区。郊野公园和海岸保护区均由渔农自然护理署管理。
香港岛的东南岸有多个泳滩，包括深水湾、浅水湾、中湾、南湾、舂坎湾、圣士提反湾、赤柱正滩、夏萍湾、龟背湾、石澳、大浪湾，为进行水上活动的热门地点。泳滩均由康乐及文化事务署管理。
折叠 编辑本段 人口
2011年，香港岛人口有1,270,876人，约占全香港人口的19%。人口密度每平方公里18,000，高于整体密度(7,000/k㎡)。
折叠 编辑本段 交通
折叠 陆上交通
由于香港岛的发展集中于北岸，故此岛的交通也以北部较为发达大潭郊野公园内。香港地铁港岛线与香港电车的路线均于岛的北部沿岸地区来回行驶，贯通东、西各区成一横线。电车东行只到筲箕湾，西行却至坚尼地城一带，另有路线南至跑马地;地铁东行至柴湾，西行只至上环(2014年底随着西港岛线开通已延伸到坚尼地城)。两种公共交通工具互补不足，山顶缆车为香港历史最悠久的公共交通服务，来往太平山顶、半山区及中环，亦是吸引不少游客乘搭。此外，香港岛交通还依赖著巴士、小巴等通交服务，尤其是南区和半山等没有大型运输工具的地区，港铁兴建的南港岛线于2016年12月28日正式通车。
折叠 跨海交通
由于香港岛四面环海，对外交通方面非常重要，香港岛主要依靠海底隧道穿过维多利亚港连接九龙半岛，再往各区。现时共有3条行车过海隧道，分别为香港海底隧道、东区海底隧道和西区海底隧道，以及3条地铁路线东涌线、荃湾线和将军澳线和机场快线。第四条过海行车隧道及第四条过海铁路当前正在计划中，以疏导现今挤塞的交通。而连接香港岛和鸭脷洲的鸭脷洲大桥于1980年落成，使鸭脷洲与港岛南区之间的关系更紧密。
折叠 海上交通
海上运输方面，香港岛设有多个渡轮码头，主要集中于中环、湾仔和北角，设有频密的渡轮航班来往九龙及离岛，在上环亦同时设有往的离境码头。维多利亚港内亦设有一些公众码头，如知名的皇后码头，主要供小型驳船、游艇、观光船等作上落客服务。亦有小量的补给和货物转运。
折叠 往九龙
前往九龙的渡轮服务，一般称为"港内线"，即以维多利亚港内的航线。有一段长时间大部分航线由油麻地小轮提供服务，主要路线有北角至观塘、九龙城及红磡及中环至佐敦道码头、大角咀及深水埗。1980年代初期，港岛东区至中环的交通十分挤塞时更曾开办由太古城至中环的非过海渡轮服务，至地铁港岛线通车后取消。早期渡海小轮的服务时间至午夜止，在海底隧道及通宵过海巴士前现前，停航后市民只能等待第2天早上过海，又或者乘搭收费较昂贵且危险的"哗啦哗啦"电船。1990年代起，由于陆上交通事业发达，香港政府对渡轮事业没有大力支持，现时仅剩下7条航线:北角至观塘、九龙城及红磡;中环至红磡、及尖沙咀，以及湾仔至红磡及尖沙咀航线，分别由。小型航线则有海佑小轮经营的中环至尖东飞翔船服务及珊瑚海船务经营的西湾河至三家村及观塘航线。
折叠 往离岛
往离岛的航线经常称为"港外线"。几乎均集中在中环渡轮码头，前往的地区包括马湾、愉景湾、梅窝、坪洲、长洲及南丫岛，由多家公司分别经营。有部分市民选择迁入离岛，每天都乘搭渡轮前往中环一带上班。香港仔亦设有渡轮航线前往鸭脷洲及南丫岛分别由香港仔小轮及港九小轮经营。
此外，一些地区亦设有街渡，以小型渡轮接载乘客前往一些客量不高的地方，以作辅助一般渡轮服务，弹性较大。
折叠 往境外
位于上环的港澳码头为前往珠三角的澳门以及中山、珠海、广州番禺、深圳蛇口等多个中国内地地区的海上交通枢纽，设有多条高速客轮航线服务。码头天台亦设置直升机停机坪，提供来往港澳的直升机航班，来往香港及澳门只需十五分钟。
折叠 未来发展
折叠 编辑本段 荣誉
香港岛入围中国海洋宝岛榜单列榜单前三位。
折叠 编辑本段 景区景点
海洋公园是世界最大的海洋公园之一，占地170英亩。公园建筑分布于南朗山上及黄竹坑谷地。山上以海洋馆、海洋剧场、海涛馆、机动游戏为主。山下则有水上乐园、花园剧场、金鱼馆及仿照历代文物所建的集古村，仿中国宫廷建筑，村内有亭台楼阁、庙宇街景，反映中国历史风貌，使中国古代街景重现，并有民间艺术表演。由中央政府赠送的大熊猫安安和佳佳，于1999年首次公开免费让市民参观。往来于园内各地，可乘架空吊车或电动扶梯。
铜锣湾是香港最繁忙的购物和饮食区，也是香港不夜市区之一。入夜后，铜锣湾避风塘显得热闹而繁忙，只见船只灯火通明，穿唐装衫裤的见船只灯火通明，穿唐装衫裤的艇妹摇橹，接送游客往来于海鲜艇、酒吧艇及歌艇这间。游客在船上品尝海鲜的同时，也可一边观赏海港夜景，一边领略舢舨风光，别有风味。所以夜游避风塘是游客晚上观光的理想安排。此外铜锣湾有许多很好的中西菜馆。铜锣湾区另一著名的建筑物乃香港大球场，其设施达国际标准，可容纳观众4万人。位于铜锣湾和湾仔之间的是跑马地。每年9月至翌年6月是赛马季节。旅客更可参观位于马场内快活看台二楼的香港赛马博物馆。
最受欢迎的休息场所维多利亚公园，每天清晨，不少市民会在那里练太极拳;每逢春节、中秋节、圣诞节及大除夕等重要节日，都会有成千上万的市民聚集于此举行庆祝活动。公园里设有游泳池、慢跑道和网球场，这里经常是举行国际网球赛事的场地。
香港岛上的著名景点恐怕就是铜锣湾了，另外维多利亚公园，香港中央图书馆也在此处。Per almeno tre quarti del secolo XII forte fu la presa sulla città di Pistoia da parte dei conti Guidi. L'articolo segue in parallelo le vicende di questa stirpe comitale e degli Alberti, nel quadro dei rapporti con Pistoia e con l'Impero.
Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento:
http://hdl.handle.net/11568/138483
I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.Gözün retina (sinir) tabakasında loş ışıkta gören ve harekete duyarlı “rod” hücreleri ile renge ve detaya duyarlı kon hücreleri vardır. İnsan retinasında 3 çeşit kon hücresi vardır. Köpek retinasında ise sadece 2 adet kon hücresi mevcut. Bunun sonucunda köpekler; kırmızı-yeşili ayırt edemeyen renk körü bir insan gibi görürler. Renk körü insanlar için de geçerli olan yaygın inanışın tersine, köpeklerin dünyayı siyah beyaz görmez. Sadece kırmızı ve yeşili ayırt edemezler.[1]
Bazı kuş ve balık türleri, ren geyikleri gibi hayvanlar kırmızıdan mor ötesine, insanların algılayamadığı renkleri seçebilirler. Örneğin, kelebekler ultraviyole ışınlarını daha sağlıklı eş bulabilmek için kullanırlar. Ren geyikleri ise yedikleri yosunları ultraviyole ışınları sayesinde ayırt ederler.[2]
Bu farklılıklar canlıların göz yapısıyla alakalıdır.Filtri:
Altre Notizie
Un portavoce del team di Brackley ha "ammesso: "Escludendo brutte sorprese inaspettate , crediamo di poter completare tutto il lavoro in tempo per l'inizio delle qualifiche del GP del Belgio". Sulla W10 si cambiano sospensioni anteriori, muso, argeboard e il fondo.
Nella terza sessione delle prove libere del GP del Belgio la Ferrari domina con Leclerc e Vettel, con Bottas terzo a mezzo secondo. Hamilton ha sbattuto la Mercedes dopo mezz'ora distruggendo la sospensione anteriore sinistra. Riucirà a disputare le qualifiche?"In attesa dell'approvazione della completa e organica disciplina legislativa sul fine vita alimentazione e idratazione in quanto forme di sostegno vitale e fisologicamente finalizzate ad alleviare le sofferenze, non possono in alcun caso essere sospese da chi assiste soggetti non in grado di provvedere a se stessi".
Fonte: la RepubblicaOFFICIAL NAME: Kingdom of Belgium
SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT: Constitutional Monarchy
AREA: 30,540 Sq Km (11,792 Sq Mi)
ESTIMATED 2000 POPULATION 10,145,600
LOCATION & GEOGRAPHY: Belgium is located in North West
Europe. It is bound by the Netherlands to the north, France
to the south, Germany to the east, Luxembourg to the southeast
and the North Sea to the northwest. The country's topography
is that of a great fertile low lying plain which constitutes
the north and west. South of central Belgium the terrain
consists of rolling undulating hills and valleys which rise
gradually to the east. Further south and to the east the
hills give way to the mountainous Ardennes forests. The
principal river in the southern Wallonia region is the Meuse
with its tributaries the Semois, Sambre and Ourthe while
the Scheldt with its tributaries is the principal river
for the northern Flanders region. Major Cities (pop. est.);
Brussels 136,000, Antwerp 473,000, Ghent 231,000, Charleroi
208,000, Liege 199,000 (1991). Land Use; forested 21%, pastures
21%, agricultural-cultivated 24%, other 34% (1992).
CLIMATE: Belgium has a cool and temperate climate with strong
maritime influences. The lowland areas are characterized by changing winds,
summer thunderstorms with drizzle and an overcast sky. The northwest area
is characterized by a mild climate with fog. The interior experiences more
extreme summers while winters in the upland regions are colder and have
greater frost and rain. Average annual precipitation varies from 510 to
760 mm (20 to 30 inches) to 1,200 mm (47 inches) in the hills of the south.
Average temperature ranges in Brussels are from -1 to 4 degrees Celsius
(30 to 39 degrees Fahrenheit) in January to 12 to 23 degrees Celsius (54
to 73 degrees Fahrenheit) in July.
PEOPLE: Originally the people of Belgium were of Celtic origin,
although most were wiped out during the Christian era. Belgium is now comprised
of Celtic, Roman, German, French, Dutch, Spanish and Austrian descendants.
Today Belgium is divided linguistically with two main groups (1.) the Dutch
speakers called Flemings and (2.) the French speakers called Walloons.
Other ethnic minorities include immigrants from Italy, Morocco, Turkey,
Spain, Algeria, Portugal and Zaire.
DEMOGRAPHIC/VITAL STATISTICS: Density; 327 persons per sq km
(847 persons per sq mi) (1991). Urban-Rural; 96.5% urban, 3.5% rural (1989).
Sex Distribution; 48.9% male, 51.1% female (1990). Life Expectancy at Birth;
70.0 years male, 76.8 years female (1982). Age Breakdown; 18% under 15,
23% 15 to 29, 22% 30 to 44, 17% 45 to 59, 14% 60 to 74, 6% 75 and over
(1989). Birth Rate; 12.2 per 1,000 (1989). Death Rate; 10.8 per 1,000 (1989).
Increase Rate; 1.4 per 1,000 (1989). Infant Mortality Rate; 8.6 per 1,000
live births (1989).
RELIGIONS: Mostly Christians with 90% of the population Roman
Catholic. The principal religious minority are Sunni Muslims which account
for 1.1% of the population. Other minorities include Jews, Protestants
and Orthodox Christians which are found in scattered communities.
LANGUAGES: The official languages are Flemish (Dutch), French
and German. With approximately 56% of the population speaking Dutch while
32% speak French and 1% speak German. Various dialects are spoken by the
Flemish and Walloons, although it is less common in public or formal situations
and is more common in rural areas and informal situations.
EDUCATION: Aged 25 or over and having attained: less than secondary
64.4%, lower secondary 16.0%, upper secondary 10.0%, vocational 3.7%, higher
5.9% (1977). Literacy;
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8,441 | 6 | 1 |
1939'da "Takas Limited Şirketi" 'nin kurulmasına kadar devam etmiştir. 31 Mayıs 1941 tarih ve 2/15843 sayılı kararname ile dış ülkelerle ticari ilişkilerde kliring, takas ve serbest dövizle ticaret olmak üzere üç tür ödeme şeklinin kabul edilmesinin ardından, bu şirket 29 Aralık 1945 yılında tasfiye edilmiştir.
1 Eylül 1958 tarih ve 4/10707 sayılı Bakanlar Kurulu Kararı ile yürürlüğe giren "Dış Ticaret Rejimi" ise; her ne şekilde ve ad altında olursa olsun, dış ticarette takasa bağlı muamele yapılamayacağını kesin şekilde hükme bağlamıştır.
17 Mayıs 1979 tarih ve 7/17493 sayılı "Dış Satım Düzenleme Kararı" ve 28 Aralık 1983 tarih ve 83/7540 sayılı "İhracat Rejim Kararı",takas ve bağlı muameleleri yasaklamıştır. Ancak 1990 yılında çıkarılan "İhracat Rejimi Kararı" takas ve bağlı muamele yasağını tamamen kaldırmıştır.
Dünya 'da özellikle gelişmiş ülkelerde, çeşitli sektörlerde 40 yıldır kullanılan barter sistemi, ülkemizde fiili olarak 1992 'den beri faaliyet göstermektedir.İnternet'in her yerinden çoğunun üstel bir şekilde gelişen bir fenomen olduğu bir çağda yaşıyoruz. Nerede olursanız olun, yaşamak, yürümek veya interneti yiyin her yerde. İnsanlar İnternet'e sürekli olarak dünya çapında bilgi yüklemek ve indirmek için bağlı. Ancak, bir saniye bekle, biliyor musun bazılarının en iyi markalar sizin için gözetliyor gizlilik ve tüketicileriniz gibi alışkanlıklarınızı gizleme, bu bilgileri kullanarak sizi reklamlar ve reklamlar şeklinde daha fazla ayrıntıyla bombardıman etmek için kullanıyorsunuz. O bir özel hayatın ihlali, ve izniniz olmadan gizliliğinizi artırmanın yol açan bazı markaların bir kaydı.
Bu markaları tartışmadan önce, casusluk için bilinçli olarak yapılmış belirli önde gelen uygulamaların olduğunu açıklayabilir miyim? Gibi uygulamalar TheOneSpy mobil, tablet, bilgisayar ve MAC gibi birden çok sistem platformunda çalışan uygulamalar. Buna benzer uygulamalar, daha sonra bahsettiğinizi bilmeden sizin üzerinize gizlenen markalarla karıştırılmamalıdır. TOS değeri gençler için izleme yazılımı ve bu listede çocuğun telefonunu izlemek için uygulamalar. Bunun nedeni, bunların bir çok yapıcı amaçla kullanılmasıdır. gençini takip etmek, çalışanların izlenmesi, eş gözetimi. Bu uygulamalar cep telefonlarına yüklenir ve çocuklarınızı disipline etmek, yönlendirmek ve tedavi etmek, onları daha iyi ve sorumlu kişiler haline getirmek için gerekli verileri elde etmek için kullanılabilir. İki çok farklı senaryonun niyetinde büyük bir fark var.
Oldukça iyi bilinen bu oldukça evcil isimler özel bilgilerinizi sızdır kasıtlı anlaşmanız, anlayışınız veya rızanız olmadan.NewsWhistle is pleased to feature Gary Jenneke’s “This Day In History” column.
You can read the original at Gary’s THIS DAY IN HISTORY blog — or scroll down to enjoy Gary’s unique look at life’s comings and goings.
THIS DAY IN HISTORY… JANUARY 22
1575 – Queen Elizabeth issues patent monopoly on music to composers Thomas Tallis and William Byrd.
Musical geniuses, they were the Rodgers and Hammerstein of religious music of that era. The 21-year monopoly gave Tallis and Byrd the right to publish and print music and forbade anyone else from doing so. Unfortunately their publication was a failure, and they lost money. They again petitioned Queen Elizabeth for help. She responded by giving them a 21-year lease on various parcels of land.
Apparently they had become too big to fail.
1943 – Temperature rises 49 degrees in two minutes in Spearfish, South Dakota.
At 7:32 AM it was minus-4 degrees and two minutes later the thermometer hit 45 degrees. And if that wasn’t strange enough, two hours later the temperature dropped 58 degrees. This time the change took 27 minutes, still a rather remarkable turnaround.
Now say the night before some irresponsible bartender, through no fault of your own, had over served you. With a head foggy from a hangover, you hit the street the next day all bundled up against the icy cold. Two minutes and 49 degrees later you are overly heated in your heavy winter clothes. Not associating it with a freak occurrence of nature, it could be enough to make a guy start thinking about taking the cure.
1946 – President Truman sets up CIG, Central Intelligence Group.
The CIG had grown out of the wartime clandestine organization, the OSS, Office of Strategic Services, and a year later would become the CIA. Truman realized intelligence was being collected by different departments within the government and thought it should be centralized under one agency. Truman’s idea was that one agency would be feeding him intelligence without departmental interpretations. As a former President, Truman became concerned he may have created a monster. He worried the agency could use intelligence to influence the President in making bad decisions.
One month after JFK was assassinated, Truman wrote an op-ed piece critical of the CIA. He wrote “I think it has become necessary to take another look at the purpose and operations of our Central Intelligence Agency.”
Truman also wrote, “I never had any thought that when I set up the CIA that it would be injected into peacetime cloak and dagger operations. It has become an operational and at times a policy-making arm of the government.”
Strangely, the op-ed from an ex-President received little media coverage.
The Washington Post ran it only in its morning edition, and then dropped it, and no other newspapers picked it up. It has been suggested that maybe the CIA had something to do with that repression of opinion. Truman also believed the misuse of the CIA began in 1953 when Allan Dulles was named as its director.
In 1964 Dulles visited Truman in Missouri and tried to get him to retract his op-ed statements. Truman refused. So Dulles had a “fabricated retraction” by Truman placed in CIA files, just in case. Dulles also got himself appointed to the Warren Commission where he took charge of investigating JFK’s murder. It has been suggested that this was like putting the fox in charge of the henhouse.
Does this all suggest that Truman was one of those goofy conspiracy theorists regarding JFK’s death? I’m not sure, but it is evident that he was deeply troubled by what the CIA had become. I’ve mentioned it in an earlier blog post, but there is a great book about the CIA called “The Devil’s Chessboard: Allen Dulles, the CIA, and the Rise of America’s Secret Government” by David Talbot.
1561 – Francis Bacon.
Scientist, writer, and philosopher. An advocate of science, Bacon developed a scientific method based upon an empirical and methodical approach. An inductive reasoning rationale dependent on tangible proof. From Biography.com: “Bacon’s approach placed an emphasis on experimentation and interaction, culminating in ‘the commerce of the mind with things.’ Bacon’s new scientific method involved gathering data, prudently analyzing it and performing experiments to observe nature’s truths in an organized way.” A reformer with a liberal focus, Bacon spoke against feudal privilege, dictatorial power, and religious persecution.
As Lord Chancellor, he was accused by political opponents of accepting bribes, was fined, briefly imprisoned, and his political career was over. He devoted the rest of his life to science.
Given his experimental pursuit of the truth regarding science, and his liberal focus, he would probably run afoul of those in charge today, much as he had back then.
1931 – Sam Cooke.
Singer, songwriter, some label him the King of Soul. Originally a gospel singer, Cooke had a number of hit singles including “Cupid,” “You Send Me,” “Chain Gang,” “Twisting the Night Away,” and “Another Saturday Night.” In December, 1964, under suspicious circumstances, Cooke was shot to death at a Los Angeles motel.
“Another Saturday night and I ain’t got nobody,
I got some money cuz I just got paid,
How I wish I had someone to talk to,
I’m in an awful way.”
Summer, 1964. USS Jason. San Diego, California. A kid in my watch section said, “Hey, man, I got a couple of tickets to the Sam Cooke concert tomorrow night, wanna go?”
I was a Sam Cooke fan and jumped at the chance.
The next day the chief of the radio shack said, “Jenneke, I’ve reassigned you. You got watch tonight.”
“What! I just had watch last night. And I got tickets to a concert.”
“Tell it to your Congressman.”
And so there went my chance at seeing Sam Cooke.
1953 – Jim Jarmusch.
Film director, producer, screenwriter, and actor. Jarmusch was prominent in the world of independent filmmaking. He was director of such notable films as “Stranger Than Paradise,” “Down by Law,” and “Mystery Train.” His films have a real-time street quality to them. His characters are usually at odds with society. Not bound by Hollywood standards, his films, appreciate them or not, have a unique style.
I especially liked “Mystery Train.” I will have to go back and re-watch some of his older ones.
ABOUT GARY JENNEKE
At various junctures of his life, Gary has been an indifferent grade school student, poor high school student, good Navy radioman, one-time hippie, passable college student, inveterate traveler, dedicated writer, miscast accountant (except for one interesting stint at a Communist café), part-time screenwriting teacher, semi-proud veteran, unsuccessful retiree and new blogger.
You can reach him at [email protected].
The above information was sourced from the following websites:
We’d also like to thank the following photographers and videographers for the use of their images:
* Lead-In Image (Jim Jarmsuch) – taniavolobueva / Shutterstock.com – “Cannes, France – 19 MAY 2016 – Jim Jarmusch attends the ‘Gimme Danger’ Premiere during the 69th annual Cannes Film Festival.”
* Tallis, Byrd and the Tudors (video) – BBC and Adrian van Schalkwyk / YouTube.com
* Spearfish, South Dakota (video) – NorthernHillsTech / Shutterstock.com
* Harry Truman (art) – Arkady Mazor / Shutterstock.com
* Sir Francis Bacon (portrait) – Everett Historical/ Shutterstock.com
* Sam Cooke (video) – supercanadian4 / YouTube.com
* Jim Jarmusch (interview) – Film Society of Lincoln Center / YouTube.com
* Outro (Man-In-Museum Cartoon) – SkyPics Studio / Shutterstock.com
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* Stay tuned for more!You have the time and investment lined up to construct a new building for your school district. You’ve done your “homework” (sorry for the pun), and you’ve read about how modular and prefabricated school buildings will save money for your community and government funding budgets as well as save you time during the construction process.
Hopefully you can enjoy a part of the construction process for prefabricated buildings by giving yourself some time to think about how inspirational your building design might be. Below we grabbed some examples of amazing, fully customized education buildings.
1. Prefab School By the Design Firm Crossboundaries in China
Photo by: Wu Qingshan
Design Firm: Crossboundaries
This large prefab school complex represents many feats for the permanent prefab and modular school building world. It was designed for flexibility and to accommodate high population density. Hence why they built upwards rather than outward.
To escape the repetitive patterns that can be seen in some minimalistic modular construction designs, Crossboundaries did a great job of utilizing different color paneling, placing yellow and blue accents across multiple spaces.
The project also features modular dormitories and residential spaces to accommodate the school’s student population. All in all, the color coordination, volumetric building process, and the efficient use of space make this a great inspirational building.
And, like we have said in the past, prefabricated buildings can be assembled quicker than their traditional counterparts. This entire project was constructed in a jaw-dropping 13 months.
That’s the greener, labor efficient process that everyone should be excited about.
2. Prefabricated School Buildings for student and staff transparency in Armenia
Design Firm: Storaket Architectural Studio
You have to check this building out if you’re looking for an inventive use of architecture, increased transparency, and student fun. Architects at Storaket Architectural Studio helped design this building for a high school in Armenia.
It also incorporates an already existing school structure, making use of perfectly good infrastructure, matching interior and exterior features, and saving money wherever possible.
The building features first floor common spaces, whiteboards across entire walls, a combination of study and creative spaces, and probably the most eye catching photo of all, the slide that weaves in and out of the building.
3. Student Housing at the Dyson Institute Show off Prefabricated School Buildings’ range of styles
Photo by: Unknown
Design Firm / Architect: WilkinsonEyre
Located in Wiltshire, England, these eye-catching student apartments or contemporary dormitories feature a unique way to position housing that naturally gives students outdoor spaces. Each prefabricated unit conveniently stacks on top of the other.
The stepped design not only appeals to the eye but also provides an outdoor patio area for students to hang out and study while in their own designated outdoor spaces.
The gray color and the volumetric shape are almost brutalist, but their clean lines and uniformity also seem to suggest a level of maturity for its residents.
4. Student Dining Hall and Cafeteria
Photo by: Jack Hobhouse
Design Firm: De Rosee Sa
This prefab cafeteria building is anything but gray as it sports a much more colorful exterior. That’s because this building is meant for younger students who thrive on the increased stimulation of color and creativity.
This interactive extension to Prestwood Infant School is built with Roald Dahl’s Fantastic Mr. Fox in mind. Read more about that here.
Everything about this prefab building is meant for the students to interact with. We especially enjoy the different height of the windows as shown in the image above as they meet the students at their level.
5. Shipping Container School Building Extension
Photo by: Urban Space Management: Container City
Design Firm: Urban Space Management
What would a modular building post about schools be if we didn’t call out a pretty sweet shipping container school. This one happens to be a classroom extension of about 2500 square feet of space.
Shipping containers are a fun way to add space, and at the Morpeth School in London, this is exactly what they decided to do. The versatility of the metal containers, cost efficiency compared to traditional builds, and the industrial appearance make this project a perfect fit for the urban environment.
It’s incredibly fashionable, especially in European design, and even in the U.S. we are seeing more and more trendy companies utilizing container space in work environments.
Prefabricated Construction of Customized Modular Schools is the Future
So whether your school district is looking for state of the art learning environment enhancements, technological adaptability or energy efficiency, our award winning design and construction team would love to be a part of your next big modular school building project.
We work with public, private and charter schools as well as universities for all your school facility needs!
Related Blog Posts
At VESTA, we’re committed to keeping communities safe and providing secure spaces where residents can recover and get back on their feet. Our modular emergency…Each branch of the military sets an AFQT score requirement for applicants. The lowest qualifying score is 31, which is needed to join the Army. Higher scores are required for other branches of the military. For example, the Coast Guard only considers applicants with a score of 40 or more. Prospective recruits who have a GED rather than a high school diploma will, in most cases, need to score at least 50 on the AFQT.
Doing poorly on the ASVAB might mean missing out on the military job that you really want- and maybe not getting in the military at all. If you’re stressed about taking the ASVAB, don’t worry- we’ve got you covered! Our free study guides for the ASVAB will give you an overview of the concepts you need to know and will help you pinpoint the areas you should spend your time studying. From Arithmetic Reasoning to Word Knowledge and every subject in between, our study guides for the ASVAB will help you get the ASVAB score that you need!
Although concerned with research into military psychology, and particularly combat stress, and how it affect troop morale, often the bulk of military science activities is directed at military intelligence technology, military communications, and improving military capability through research. The design, development, and prototyping of weapons, military support equipment, and military technology in general, is also an area in which lots of effort is invested – it includes everything from global communication networks and aircraft carriers to paint
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waste generation and landfill inputs by pursuing innovative and imaginative sustainability and circular economy initiatives, including in packaging and freight, local transport options, energy generation and material reuse.
Funding would enable establishment of a waste sorting and transfer station at Warraber, including a biotreatment system for organic waste as a test program for wider application. Council has actively researched contemporary waste management practices and the implementation of the new system will be an outcome of the Indigenous Waste Management Strategy. Establishment of transfer stations, bio-bins and processes across all communities will enable sorting of recyclables, composting organics and preparing general non-putrescible/non-recyclable wastes for further processing. Warraber would be a test waste site, with plans to roll out to the other communities once it is optimised. Significant savings to the Council would be realised in three years and the impact of timely, appropriate waste management would contribute to safer, cleaner communities.
Establishment of the Warraber site can commence immediately upon advice of funding availability. There is an opportunity to undertake aspects of the waste management process to other communities while the entire Warraber process is optimised. This could include provision of sorting and transfer stations. The Torres Strait Island Indigenous Waste Strategy aligns with a recently commissioned study between Council, DES and LGAQ.
Torres Strait communities share the same challenges in achieving sustainability and circular economy objectives as mainland Australian communities, however, are further constrained by location, lack of space, resources and capacity. Implementing effective and sustainable waste management in the Torres Strait is exceedingly expensive in terms of capital, operational and maintenance costs.By Alejandro Duque and Patricio Egan, Mueller Water Products, Inc.
The Guadalupe IV Hydroelectric plant is located 43 miles from the of city Medellin, Antioquia, and provides electricity to the surrounding areas of Medellin, Envigado, and Guadalupe. It has power generation capacity of 216 MW and a net capacity of 202 MW. There are three Francis Vertical Shaft Turbines, with two of the units generating 67 MW and one unit generating 68 MW. This power plant delivers 1,205 GWh per year, with a net generation of 1,026 GWh per year to the Columbian Power Network.
The cooling system for the three turbines collects water from a 62,000-gallon holding tank. This water has already been used by the turbines and has fine sand particles so it needs to filter through screens (0.04-inch openings) before it is used for cooling. If any sand comes into contact with the turbine bearings, it can be a big problem. The sand is essentially decanted in the bottom of the tank and can get up to a foot high in a period of six months with normal operation. This gradually decreases the efficiency of the cooling system due to obstructions caused by the suction of sludge.
FACING THE CHALLENGE
The hydroelectric plant was faced with suspending the operation of generators for a period of up to two days, because of the rudimentary drainage systems to remove the sludge at the bottom of the tank.
Santiago Ramirez and Carlos Ospina designed a sludge removal system that would not only do a better job, but significantly reduce the downtime of power generating operations. They did this by designing a network of high-pressure sprinklers that are installed on the bottom of the tank and are fed with pressurized water. The high-pressure sprinklers stir the sludge in the bottom slab of the cooling tank, and through a submersible pump they discharge the muddy water into the river at one side of the powerhouse.
To ensure the pressurized water into the tank flows at a constant 2,377.5 gallons per minute, they needed to install a control valve to regulate the flow. The inlet for the pressurized water comes through a 2-inch stainless steel pipe (AISI 304) installed upstream of the intake valves of the generators. This gives a static pressure of 40 bar (580 Psi) that feeds into a 6-inch main pipe feeding into a grid of 110 PVC high pressure sprinklers in the bottom of the tank. With a stable flow of 2,377.5 gallons per minute and a stable pressure of 40 Bar the 110 sprinklers are able to stir up the sludge for removal from the bottom of the tank.
SINGER VALVES PRECISION CONTROL
The Singer 10-inch-206-2SC-MV-Class 300 control valve was chosen because it combines precise flow control with flow metering to ensure that the flow is adjusted to supply 2,377.5 gallons per minute of water at stable pressure. This hydraulically operated valve introduces or releases water from the control chamber above the diaphragm to effectively maintain accurate water control. The metering valve (MV) calculates the flow rate through the valve using a proprietary algorithm, the position of the valve and the pressure differential across the valve. The calculated flow rate can be used as a feedback value to the controller to automatically manage the flow control.
The installation of the sludge extraction system involved assembling the ejectors grid in the bottom of the tank and then connecting the whole system to the flow control valve. The control valve was installed on the top of the tank, leaving a straight stainless steel pipe stub upstream with a length of four times of the valve’s flange size to ensure the flow across the valve is stable. The hydroelectric plant needed to shut down for five days to complete the installation.
SLUDGE REMOVAL GOING FORWARD
The sludge removal is now performed approximately every six months. The plant is only out of service for six hours to prevent the stirred solids from being pumped into the cooling system. The operation consists of lowering the water level of the cooling tank, starting the submersible pumps and operating the flow control valve to initiate the agitation of the decanted solids before discharging into the river.
With the commissioning of the sludge extraction system several benefits were achieved; it has changed from a manual cleaning process using approximately ten people to an automatic process with only four people, cleaning the tank use to take twenty-six hours and now it only takes six hours and downtimes of the generators for maintenance has been reduced as the quality of the water in the cooling system has significantly improved.
Carlos Ospina, operations director for Guadalupe Hydroelectric Plant, says, “By regulating the flow with the Singer control valve in our new sludge extraction system, we have reduced our maintenance costs and reduced necessary interruption time of power generation. We are very pleased with this outcome and the stability performance of the valve.”
The cooling tank is also connected to the plant’s firefighting system, so having this guaranteed water pressure from the control valve for a high a high demand situation, is a vital safety requirement for the plant.
FOR MORE INFORMATION
Alejandro Duque is Singer product manager and Patricio Egan is Singer Latin America area manager for Mueller Water Products, Inc. Mueller Water Products, Inc. is a leading manufacturer and marketer of products and services used in the transmission, distribution, and measurement of water in North America. Our broad product and service portfolio includes engineered valves, fire hydrants, metering products and systems, leak detection, and pipe condition assessment. We help municipalities increase operational efficiencies, improve customer service and prioritize capital spending, demonstrating why Mueller Water Products is Where Intelligence Meets Infrastructure®. For more information, visit www.muellerwaterproducts.com.
MODERN PUMPING TODAY, August 2019
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Subscribe to the FREE Digital Edition of Modern Pumping Today Magazine!从米兰到纽约、从伦敦到巴黎，芭芭拉·芙丽托莉走遍了世界上最重要的剧院。她有一个外号叫“坦克”，因为她对什么都充满信心，每一次登台都好像成竹在胸，前方只有坦途。事实也确是如此，芙丽托莉为了准备一个角色，会读原著、看剧本，再进入音乐。她要了解剧中所有的人物，感受原著中更多的细节，才能塑造一个有灵魂的角色。芙丽托莉说，我爱歌剧，我爱这个舞台，但歌剧并不容易唱，歌唱是需要有灵魂的。
2015年大都会歌剧院《波西米亚人》
“去吧，坦克！”
芙丽托莉站在侧台候场，四位男歌手在舞台上的小阁楼里唱得热闹。突然她感受到背后一股推力，一个小小的声音说道：“去吧，坦克！”芙丽托莉深吸一口气，提着裙摆缓步走上台，轻轻敲响小阁楼的门，她饰演的绣花女咪咪和诗人鲁道夫相遇了，那是一场怦然心动的遇见。
接下来，什么时候吹灭蜡烛，什么时候遗失钥匙，什么时候演唱《我的名字叫咪咪》，芙丽托莉对于台上即将发生的一切都了然于心。过去一个月，她每天坐在排练厅的角落里，看着前辈们练唱、走位、表演。尽管是第一次唱主角，芙丽托莉却一点儿也不紧张，也难怪同剧组的年轻歌手给她取了个外号叫“坦克”，不仅因为她个子高，更因为她看上去永远胸有成竹，永远势不可挡。
这一幕发生在1992年，二十岁出头的芙丽托莉拿到了自己的第一份主角合同，在契尼歌剧《波西米亚人》中饰演美丽而哀愁的咪咪。那一季拿波里圣卡洛剧院要演出八场《波西米亚人》，最后一场是给青年歌手的一次机会。尽管芙丽托莉的个性与咪咪大相径庭，她还是用自己细腻的歌声和投入的表演征服了这座古老剧院挑剔的观众。
谢幕时的掌声与鲜花，让芙丽托莉真正感受到这个舞台非凡的魅力。在那之前，她并不确定自己是否真的要做一名歌剧演员。毕竟，芙丽托莉曾经执着地想成为钢琴家，与最好的交响乐团合作，在最好的音乐厅里演奏是她儿时的理想。九岁开始习琴，听着指尖划过黑白琴键流淌出来的乐音，让她感到快乐而满足。
学钢琴的孩子，常会被要求同时学习唱歌，为了培养演奏时的歌唱性。因此，芙丽托莉在十二岁时被父母“扔”进了合唱团。尽管并不情愿，但为了弹好钢琴，她还是开口唱了。谁料声乐老师如获至宝，夸她的声音既坚实又柔顺，如金石、如丝绸，极力劝说她改学声乐。可是芙丽托莉不愿意，唱歌对她来说从来都不是什么难事，不如弹钢琴更有挑战性。
起初，芙丽托莉希望鱼和熊掌可以兼得，后来因为课业实在过于繁重才不得不放弃钢琴。她觉得自己是被迫学习声乐，很长一段时间对唱歌这件事都爱不起来。可人生常是如此，无心插柳柳成荫，芙丽托莉的歌唱事业虽然起步略晚，却一直顺风顺水。她真的就像一架坦克，一往无前。
2015年大都会歌剧院《唐·卡洛》
“舞台是我的福地”
初出茅庐，芙丽托莉拿着米兰威尔第音乐学院的毕业证书，却觉得自己一无所有。“那张纸，只能证明你能唱歌、有好声音，但其实你并不真正知道，站上舞台究竟要做什么。”从《波西米亚人》开始，芙丽托莉才逐渐了解了自己的职业，不知不觉已经唱了近三十年了。
这些年间，芙丽托莉登上了全球最重要的歌剧舞台，她在里卡尔多·穆蒂棒下在斯卡拉歌剧院演出《游吟诗人》，与詹姆斯·莱文合作在大都会歌剧院演出《奥赛罗》，在洛林·马泽尔的指挥下登台萨尔茨堡音乐节演出《唐璜》，和安东尼奥·帕帕诺携手在英国皇家歌剧院演出《卡门》，每一部都是大歌剧院的大制作。
芙丽托莉喜欢舞台，她享受舞台上的每一刻。又一次在大都会歌剧院，她和普拉西多·多明戈搭档演出《奥赛罗》。第三幕开场，剧情愈发纠结，苔丝狄蒙娜和奥赛罗各执一词。芙丽托莉正在演唱，突然听见一声巨响，台上诸人都愣了一下，但旋即又回到角色之中。待她唱完走下舞台，一块景片落下，正砸在她刚才站定的地方。多明戈走下舞台之后，紧紧抱住她说：“你命真大！”
还有一次演出《西蒙·波卡涅拉》，那时芙丽托莉刚做了新妈妈，女儿才三个月大。她登台演出的时候，就把女儿放在化妆间的摇篮里。当她唱完一幕回到化妆间时，看见女儿沉沉地睡着，黑色柔顺的头发，柔和宁静的面庞。这个画面和舞台上发生的悲剧故事完全不同，芙丽托莉深深地沉醉其中，“这大概是我一生中最甜蜜的瞬间。”
在芙丽托莉丰富的演出经历中，1997年的太庙版《图兰朵》占据了特殊的位置。第一次来到这片东方土地，她对一切都充满了好奇。来中国之前，她看了张艺谋的《大红灯笼高高挂》，对这位即将合作的中国导演有了些了解。这并不是芙丽托莉第一次饰演柳儿，却是她第一次在如此宏伟的中国宫殿里演绎这个东方故事，自有一番别样气派。
在芙丽托莉眼中，这一版《图兰朵》就像张艺谋的电影一样，充满了神秘的东方色彩，普契尼对古老中国的美好想象，终于在多年之后回到了它来时的地方。柳儿的忠诚与奉献，在芙丽托莉的演唱下动人心肠，当她倒在一块木板上逝去时，多少观众为之动容。芙丽托莉觉得，张艺谋的《图兰朵》“一切都恰到好处”。
2011年大都会歌剧院《唐璜》
2013年纽约大都会歌剧院《蒂托的仁慈》
2016年大都会歌剧院《丑角》
歌唱需要有灵魂
惊鸿一瞥，二十年前的北京，给芙丽托莉留下的印象，有紫禁城的雄伟，也有交通的繁忙，还有城市的质朴。如今再来此地，整座城市都发生了巨大的变化，城市越发现代化，而交通也井然有序起来。和城市相比，中国的音乐教育似乎令芙丽托莉颇为不满。
在大都会歌剧院，芙丽托莉曾多次与中国歌手合作演出，2002年的《路易莎·米勒》中有田浩江，2009年的《唐璜》里有沈洋。“他们都是一流的歌手，中国音乐家有天分又勤奋。”可是田浩江和沈洋只是中国莘莘音乐学子中那凤毛菱角，大多数声乐学生，都与他们相距甚远。
这两年，在劳力士成就殿堂中，芙丽托莉以索尔蒂中国大师班导师的身份再次来到北京，选拔最好的声乐学生前往意大利进修。芙丽托莉总是一声叹息，是无奈，更是可惜。她发现，中国学生很会唱，但却不懂音乐。芙丽托莉解释道，中国学生的声音条件都很好，演唱技巧也不错，但是他们可能压根儿不知道自己在唱什么，为什么要这么唱。
东西方的文化差异、语言差异，这些可能是造成问题的原因。但芙丽托莉说，要想成为一名歌剧演员，这些问题都必须克服。作为意大利人，芙丽托莉也会在《卡门》中唱法语，也要在《德意志安魂曲》中唱德语。突破语言的关卡是第一步，只有你知道自己在唱什么，你的同伴在唱什么，表演和歌唱才能言行一致。
除此之外，更深层次的要求是音乐。芙丽托莉准备一部作品，会从原著开始。威尔第的《奥赛罗》来自莎士比亚，她先读了原著，才拿起剧本，最后进入音乐。“莎翁的苔丝狄蒙娜很真实、很坚强，而歌剧中的她比较温和，像天使一样。虽然有差别，但我走进了这个人物的内心世界，演唱的时候才有更深入的感情表达，才有音乐。”
芙丽托莉说这是穆蒂教给她的，唱《卡门》、《奥赛罗》、《法斯塔夫》有原著看，唱《费加罗的婚礼》要先研究上一部《塞维利亚理发师》，只有了解了这个角色的内心世界、抓住角色的每一个动机，才能把这些细节与音乐联系在一起。“要知道，歌剧演员绝不仅是简单地把作曲家记在谱上的音符唱出来，歌唱需要有灵魂。”
2010年巴黎国家歌剧院《费加罗的婚礼》The Serbian Orthodox Chapel of Saint Ilia on Kajmakcalan Mountain.
The Chapel was built in 1925 and stands at the borderline
between Greece and Macedonia.
The Battle of Kajmakcalan, fought on the Macedonian Front in September of 1916, resulted in a victory for the Allies against the Central Powers in WWI. The Serbs, led by General Zivojin Misich, commander of the Serbian First Army, were victorious against the Bulgarians, finally taking their key position, but at a huge cost to the Serbs, who suffered devastating casualties here on the peak of "Prophet Ilia". This battle is historic due to the overwhelming casualties suffered by the Serbian Army and the location of the battle. Few battles have been fought at such heights. Kajmakcalan, with its twin peaks, is, at its highest point, 8200 feet. And once a certain height was reached, the battle was hand to hand.
Kajmakcalan was finally taken on September 30th, 1916 by the Serbian Army.
Skulls of fallen Serbs who perished in this battle remain on display inside the church.
The Kajmakcalan Cross
Bulgarian Troops assault Kajmakcalan September 1916
The Bulgars attack the Serbs on Kajmakcalan 1916
Serbian soldiers on Kajmakcalan Sept. 1916
Serbian Officers on Kajmakcalan September 1916
Serbian soldier WWI Poster
Serbian remains on Kajmakcalan September 1916
Tributes inside the Saint Ilia Serbian Orthodox Chapel
Serbian Skulls inside the Kajmakcalan Serbian Orthodox Chapel
A Serbian Orthodox cemetery at the foot of Kajmakcalan
A WWI VICTORY FOR THE ALLIES
HARD WON BY THE SERBS IN 1916
If you would like to get in touch with me, Aleksandra, please feel free to contact me
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و به او میگویم که شما حق نداری توهین کنی؟ راه نمیدهی اشکال ندارد اما حق نداری به هیچ شهروندی ولو نماینده مردم توهین کنی و او دوباره باتومش را به شکم من میکوبد و میگوید گفتم هر خری هستی برای خودت هستی! دستم را روی شانهاش میگذارم و هلش میدهم، یکی دو قدم به عقب میرود و دوباره باتومش را به سمت من پرت میکند! برمیگردم و در صندلی عقب ماشین مینشینم و به راننده میگویم بشین برویم."
آیا این نماینده نمی داند که بالاخره پیدا شده یا خیر؟ ابتدا می گوید اصلاً از ماشین پیاده نشده ولی بعداً بیانیه می دهد که پیاده شده و سرباز را نصیحت هم کرده که حق نداری به شهروندان توهین کنی و حتی دوبار هم باتوم خورده است!
قضاوت با مردم و وجدان های بیدار!After getting thrown off course by “mysterious” currents for a day or so, the Beagle returned to Maldonado for one last chance to finish preparing for the trip south. Darwin writes:
“Gained the harbor of Maldonado. — the weather being very light & hazy detained us. — We had a strong instance of the dangerous navigation of the Plata; having good Latitude observations & having only left port for two days we were nearly 40 miles out of our reckoning. This was entirely owing to a strong current. — of which there was no means of previously ascertaining the existence.” (July 21/22)
Along with the brown rat discussed in the last post, Darwin also talks about another rodent in his Zoological Notebook – the tuco-tuco. Last Fall he discovered some fossil tuco-tuco teeth, so I’ve already written a little about this unique little critter (see Tiny Tuco-Tuco Teeth). But I thought it might be an interesting time to share Darwin’s comments amount Lamarck in regards to the blind tuco-tuco Darwin discovered in Uruguay recently. Let’s just say, the Beagle may have been lost at sea for a day, and the tuco-tuco’s may have been blind, but in Darwin’s mind it was Jean-Baptiste Lamarck who was more in the dark than anyone (or anything) else.
First a note on the tuco-tuco that inspired the conversation:
“The man who caught them asserted that very many are invariably found blind. A specimen which I preserved in spirits was in this state; Mr. Reid considers it to be the effect of inflammation in the nictitating membrane. When the animal was alive I placed my finger within half an inch of its head, and not the slightest notice was taken: it made its way, however, about the room nearly as well as the others. Considering the strictly subterranean habits of the tucutuco, the blindness, though so common, cannot be a very serious evil; yet it appears strange that any animal should possess an organ frequently subject to be injured.” (Voyage of the Beagle)
Brazilian tuco-tuco – Ctenomys brasiliensis (from Alcide Dessalines d’Orbigny, 1847)
Read that last sentence again – Darwin is teasing his reader about the significance of an observation that would later be quite relevant to the concept of evolution by natural selection. Remember that this particular quote was written after he returned to London, at a time when many scholars suggest that Darwin already had a basic idea of his evolutionary hypothesis. It makes one wonder what he already had figured out when he wrote this line in Voyage – just why does that little tuco-tuco have an eye at all when it is ultimately a disadvantage?
In any case, the best part of the paragraph comes next when Darwin takes the opportunity to call out one of his contemporary (sort of) rivals in evolutionary thought. He comments on how Jean-Baptiste Lamarck would react to this blindness – taking the opportunity to get in a little “dig”:
“Lamarck would have been delighted with this fact, had he known it, when speculating (probably with more truth than usual with him) on the gradually-acquired blindness of the Aspalax, a Gnawer living under ground, and of the Proteus, a reptile living in dark caverns filled with water; in both of which animals the eye is in an almost rudimentary state, and is covered by a tendinous membrane and skin. In the common mole the eye is extraordinarily small but perfect, though many anatomists doubt whether it is connected with the true optic nerve; its vision must certainly be imperfect, though probably useful to the animal when it leaves its burrow. In the tucutuco, which I believe never comes to the surface of the ground, the eye is rather larger, but often rendered blind and useless, though without apparently causing any inconvenience to the animal: no doubt Lamarck would have said that the tucutuco is now passing into the state of the Aspalax and Proteus.” (Voyage of the Beagle)
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck has the distinction of being the scientist who most intro biology students think of as being the guy who got evolution wrong. And clearly, in writing less than a decade after his death, Darwin’s quote suggests that he did not think too highly of his ideas either. But in reality, Lamarck gets a bad rap. He was a good scientist, a leader in his field and strong proponent for the idea of evolution. It just so happens he got the mechanism wrong.
Lamarck was born in France in 1744 (making him 65 by the time Darwin was even born) and died in 1829 (just 2 years before Darwin’s departure on the Beagle). After serving in the army, Lamarck returned to the world of science, concentrating his efforts on his interest in botany. After publishing some notable books on the plants of France, he began to turn his attention to animals – starting (like Darwin) with an interest in invertebrates. (He published a landmark 7-volume publication on them in 1801.) By the time the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle opened in 1793, he was the logical choice to be appointed the professor of zoology.
Ultimately, however, Lamarck his best known for his contributions to evolution. He was certainly one of the scientists that helped pave the way for Darwin’s hypotheses – making a convincing argument that plants and animals changed/evolved over time. In fact, blind moles were one of the animals he used as evidence for his hypotheses. But he was also convinced that there was a law of nature that said that living things were progress “up a ladder” towards greater complexity. (Of course this is not the case, we now know that living things can just as easily evolve a less complex structure if it gives them an advantage.) He also suggest that living things adapted to their environment by “working out” organs or body parts. The classic example was the suggestion that a giraffe’s neck grew longer because the giraffe stretched it out to reach the leaves on the tall trees (i.e., a regular neck-lengthening routine). Furthermore he suggested that these acquired traits could be passed on to offspring – what is often called “inheritance of acquired traits”. In other words, if you worked out, your kids would have big muscles, too. And if they worked out and their kids worked out, and so on…you could evolve a race of super-muscular humans. Alas it does not work that way (which is probably a good thing for us). We now work under the hypothesis that what we do to our bodies and what we pass on through our genes are two different things (for the most part).
I do think Darwin came to respect Lamarck’s contributions to the field of evolution (even if he did not agree with the details), but as a young man still making his name in the sciences, he couldn’t help but poke at the ideas of a rival.
Did Lamarck get some things wrong? Yup. Is that bad? Well good or bad, it is a natural part of the progression of science. Darwin got things wrong too, though he ended up getting some big ideas right, too. But that is how we learn aout the world around us.
And here is the “kicker” – there are some things about the inheritance of acquired characteristics that may be turning out to be correct after all. The growing field of epigenetics is revealing that our environment may impact gene expression in such a away that these characteristics are passed on to our children. In other words, a characteristic that I “acquire” by being exposed to a chemical (let’s say tobacco smoke) could be passed on and exhibited by my offspring. Not bad JB – turns out you may have been on to something! (RJV)ترامپ: بولتون به من التماس می کرد
به گزارش تور کیش، به گزارش خبرنگاران، دونالد ترامپ، رئیس جمهور آمریکا با انتشار رشته توئیت هایی نقدها بسیار تندی علیه جان بولتون مشاور سابق امنیت ملی خود انجام داد.
ترامپ در حساب کاربری خود در توئیتر با انتقاد از رفتار بولتون، نوشت: آدمی که سال ها پیش نتوانست برای نمایندگی در سازمان ملل تأیید صلاحیت بگیرد، نتوانست برای هیچ چیز تأیید بگیرد، به من التماس کرد که سمتی به او بدهم که نیازی به تأیید سنا نداشته باشد. من هم این سمت را به او دادم، آن هم با وجود آنکه بسیاری می گفتند این کار را قربان انجام ندهید.
ترامپ همچنین به اظهارات و تصمیمات بولتون درباره کره شاقتصادی اشاره نمود و گفت: او این سمت را گرفت و به اشتباه در تلویزیون از مدل لیبی صبحت کرد و کلی قضاوت های اشتباه دیگر داشت. رک بگویم که او اخراج شد، به این خاطر که اگر به حرف های او گوش داده بودم، ما تا الان در جنگ جهانی ششم بودیم. بعد هم می رود و کتاب زننده و غلطی می نویس، پر از اطلاعات طبقه بندی شده امنیت ملی. چه کسی چنین کاری می نماید؟
دو روز پیش از این، رسانه های آمریکایی گزارش دادند که نسخه اولیه کتاب خاطرات بولتون که برای بازبینی به کاخ سفید ارسال شده، نشان می دهد که بر خلاف ادعای دونالد ترامپ رئیس جمهور آمریکا، مسدود کردن یاری های اقتصادی به دولت اوکراین، مستقیماً با هدف تحت فشار قرار دادن کی یف جهت پیشبرد پرونده قضایی علیه فرزند جو بایدن از نامزدهای پیشتاز دموکرات ها، انجام شده است.
بر اساس این گزارش ها، بولتون در این کتاب که هنوز در دسترس عموم قرار نگرفته، ادعا نموده است که مستقیماً از ترامپ شنیده که تنها زمانی یاری ها به کی یف را آزاد می نماید که ولودیمیر زلنسکی رئیس جمهور اوکراین با تحقیق در خصوص هلدینگ بوریسما که هانتر بایدن یکی از اعضای هیأت مدیره آن است، موافقت کند.
انتشار این خبر با خشم ترامپ روبرو شده و حال به نظر می رسد حملات تند علیه بولتون مرتبط با احتمال حضور او در جلسه شهادت علیه ترامپ باشد.منبع: خبرگزاری مهرThe Ontario Amish Mennonite Conference was composed of the congregations of the Amish Mennonite settlement in Waterloo County, Ontario, established in 1824 by immigrants from Alsace-Lorraine and Bavaria, and one small daughter settlement at Zurich, Ontario. In 1957 the Conference had 12 congregations with 2,440 members, 7 bishops, 17 ministers, 6 deacons. Although occasional meetings of the ministers of the settlement had been held in the 19th century, these meetings were discontinued about the turn of the century. Attempts at revival in 1918 and 1923 finally resulted in 1925 in a full organization of an annual conference with a constitution adopted 16 June 1925. Not all the congregations in the settlement joined the Conference, the Old Order Amish congregation and the Nafziger and Lichti groups remaining outside. The Rules and Discipline of the Conference was adopted in 1926. A small schism was suffered in 1956 when a conservative group withdrew at Millbank under Bishop Valentine Nafziger.
The Conference-sponsored activities included: (1) the Winter Bible School under the administration of a Bible School Board appointed by the Conference (first session 1932); (2) the Mission Board organized in 1946, which operated three rest homes and three city missions. A Sunday-school conference was held annually after 1922. The Amish Mennonite Storm and Fire Aid Union has long been operated (since ca. 1865) for the benefit of conference members in cooperation with the other Amish groups in the district. The Conference had not yet become a member of the Mennonite General Conference (MC), although it was eligible. However, it supported generously all the general activities of the Mennonite Church (MC) including the general boards and institutions, and it elects a member on the General Council of the Mennonite General Conference. The Conference did not elect delegates to the General Conference, although a number of its ministers usually attended its sessions. Proposals have at times been made for a merger with the Ontario Mennonite (MC) Conference, but while good relations existed between the two, there was no serious trend in this direction in the mid-1950s.
In 1963 the conference dropped "Amish" from its name, and became the Western Ontario Mennonite Conference.
Burkholder, L. J. A Brief History of the Mennonites in Ontario. Kitchener, ON: Mennonite Conference of Ontario, 1935.
Gascho, C. and J. R. Bender. Bericht der Verhandlungen einer Diener Versammlung der Amischen Mennoniten Gemeinde. 1923.
Cite This Article
Gingerich, Orland. "Ontario Amish Mennonite Conference (Mennonite Church)." Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. 1959. Web. 27 Jun 2016. http://gameo.org/index.php?title=Ontario_Amish_Mennonite_Conference_(Mennonite_Church)&oldid=123669.
Gingerich, Orland. (1959). Ontario Amish Mennonite Conference (Mennonite Church). Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. Retrieved 27 June 2016, from http://gameo.org/index.php?title=Ontario_Amish_Mennonite_Conference_(Mennonite_Church)&oldid=123669.
©1996-2016 by the Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. All rights reserved.روزنامه لوموند، مصاحبه حسن روحانی با این روزنامه و شبکههای تلویزیونی و رادیویی “فرانس ٢٤” و “فرانس کولتور” را منتشر کرده است
به گزارش صدای ایران در این مصاحبه، حسن روحانی به پرسشهایی در باره روابط ایران و آمریکا، روابط ایران و عربستان پاسخ داده است.
پرسش: باتوجه به تحولات اخیر، توافق هسته ای، تبادل زندانیان، آیا نوعی ازعادی سازی روابط بین ایران و آمریکا در حال ترسیم است؟无法改变的一切。
前言
由于生病，最近我并不能将任何一件事情做好，注意力很难集中。即便我睡了十二个小时，还是感觉非常疲惫。
今年，似乎没什么可说的。我的生活如同一滩死水，偶尔我也想过突破，但是从来无法做到。也许，我终于认清了自己：从来无法做到。去年所写的『超越』，变成了『停滞的生活』。
我也希望这样歌颂世界：“这金秋，这一绺银白发丝闪亮——一切都像在拯救，我这不安的浪子。”
但是留下的只有：“在疯狂挣扎着解决所有问题之后，在绝望之巅经受过苦难之后，在至高的启示时刻，你会发现，唯一的答案，唯一的真实，就是沉默。”
主体
抽象概念：不确定性与无可抵挡的宿命、回忆、死亡、自我与他人
人物：克尔凯郭尔、齐奥朗、海德格尔
事件：停滞的思想、不可改变的世界、经济下行与工作
音乐：Ghost, Too Late, Valentine’s Day
后记
无法写更多，头脑非常不清醒。This is more for me than for anyone else.
I find the accent marks in Greek and Latin frustrating.
I have been studying both languages for over 20 years. The accent marks in both languages have helped me exactly not at all. But, they have been a great hindrance and a great stumbling block.
Same for my students. The accent marks in both languages have slowed my students down.
Modern Latin (French, Spanish, Italian, Romanian, Portuguese, etc.) have dumped or greatly simplified the accent marks.
Modern Greek has done the same.
So, why did the ancients feel the need to accent their languages so heavily?
Oh. That’s right.
One of the ancient Greek accent marks is the circumflex. WordPress will not let me type it. It looks like the top half of the letter o. Or the top part of the number 0.
Guess where it came from…?
Um… it was invented by Richard Parson, an English classical scholar. He lived from 1759 until 1808. In case you haven’t guessed it, he wasn’t Greek. Nor was he ancient.
What does this mean?
It means Homer wouldn’t have known what a circumflex was if it rode up in a two-horsed chariot and announced, “I am a circumflex and I am here to confuse future Greek students!”
No. Homer wouldn’t have any idea what a circumflex was.
Richard Porson invented it around the time the American colonists started chucking tea into the harbour. He invented it around the time American colonists started spelling harbour without the letter u.
Here’s more about Richard Porson:
Here’s the more about the rule he came up with:
By the way, I went to Greece to find out how to pronounce ancient Greek. I went three times. I searched for answers. Finally, I sat down with a scholar from the Universty of Athens. He has a Ph.D. in ancient Greek. He was born and raised in Athens.
I asked him. “How did the ancient Greeks pronounce Greek?”
“We don’t know”, he replied.
“Well then, how do you pronounce ancient Greek when you read it out loud?”, I asked.
He replied, “We Greeks just pronounce it the way modern Greek is pronounced.”
At that very moment, I stopped searching for the ancient Greek pronunciation.
Want to learn to pronounce Greek? Start here: https://www.duolingo.com/It’s difficult to find storage over 3 Terabytes for a PC right now. The limitations of magnetic storage, disk platter speed, and size are making the giant leaps in long
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言：“第八日当守圣会，要将火祭献给耶和华。这是严肃会，什么劳碌的工都不可做。”
那一天在新约中被称为“最大之日”。主耶稣告诉我们，他在十字架上的代死，赦免了我们一切的罪；他为我们预备了严肃的聚会和属灵的家，让弟兄姐妹在这里彼此相爱，与他团契，就不再孤单；这不是一般的聚会，而是严肃会，是于我们的生命有益的。那些从来没有拥有过最大之日中严肃会的生命，他们将来必在末日之接受最为可怕的那“严肃的审判”。
这里我们也可以看到洗礼的某种意义，就是将末日的审判提前，叫我们这些属他的人，先在基督里死去，也先在基督里复活。不仅如此，主耶稣还吩咐我们不可停止聚会，是要我们时时与他亲近，从他那里得着力量，可以擦干眼泪，满怀喜乐，重新出发。
主耶稣在复活之前经历了什么？羞辱、鞭打、杀戮、埋葬、坠入无底坑……在主耶稣复活之前，马利亚们经历了什么？比较《马太福音》27：56的经文来看，“那个马利亚”极有可能就是主耶稣肉身的母亲，她们一定刚刚经历了一个漫长黑夜，一个无眠的黑夜，她们在黑暗中哭泣并且守候，那是怎样的忍耐呢？但是忍耐到底的，终必得救。一切的黑夜和苦难都是为了今天预备的，一切的不幸与担当都不是徒然的，一切的黑夜都是为了迎接这一个黎明，一切的受难都是为了最终的复活！
我喜欢这样的话：只管忍耐，因为我们的主第三天他复活了！哈利路亚！今天新的弟兄姐妹受洗，是要借着主耶稣亲自设定的圣洗礼，将你们带入与神的新的约定当中，从此在他里面开始新的生命。主的大光已经照进了你们的心里，白天和春天是不可阻挡的，我们的主已经借着他的复活，完全胜过这个世界，胜过了撒但的黑暗权势，胜过了死亡的毒钩。他也是耶和华军队的元帅，要你们从此成为他的精兵，与他一同得胜，并且胜了又要胜。你们不是一个人在战斗，在你们身边有弟兄姐妹的同在，更有主基督的同在，阿们！
四福音书中都记载了主耶稣的复活，和他复活后首先向妇女、向姐妹、向马利亚显现。那么这个关键的时刻，主耶稣亲自拣选的门徒们在哪里呢？在此之前，彼得三次不认主，马可光着屁股逃跑了，就连主最爱的门徒约翰也在最后时刻害怕了，退缩了。那么主肉身的兄弟雅各和约西又在哪里呢？在主生前他们一直很厌烦他，觉得他是个灾星。在主受难的那一刻，他们面对“众叛亲离”的耶稣，肯定认为他做人实在是太失败了。因此，当主复活的时候，他的身边没有门徒，没有兄弟。但是，有天使向马利亚们宣告，有主亲自向她们显现。不仅如此，他还称那些四散的门徒为“我的弟兄”，他还约定了与他们再见的地方。
从这些曾经软弱跌倒的门徒身上，对比主耶稣复活之后他们生命发生的大反转，我们可以得到这样一个结论：主耶稣基督的复活必定是真实的！马可，他曾经因为软弱的缘故，在传道的途中逃跑，但他的生命一直在成长，后来成为彼得灵里的儿子，保罗宝贵的同工。我们能把那个曾经屁滚尿流的小屁孩和《马可福音》的作者联系在一起吗？我们相信他们尽然是同一个人吗？三次不认主的彼得最终为主倒钉在十字架上；而被主称为“半尼其”（雷子）的约翰，后来成为爱的使者，就是他在风烛残年仍然持定自己的信仰，将基督再来的大好消息送进了整个世界。曾经冷漠嘲讽耶稣的他肉身的兄弟雅各，最终因为坚守对基督的信仰被人从圣殿的护栏处扔到地下，当人们发现他还没死的时候又用石头砸他，用洗衣棒击打他的头，而他却勉力跪起来，说：“我祈求你主，神和父亲，赦免他们，他们所做的，他们不晓得。”
试想，如果主耶稣不是神的儿子，如果他没有复活，那么这些软弱的人，在他生前就厌弃他的人，有什么理由为他殉道、为他坚守呢？答案只有一个：他们见证了耶稣的复活，而复活的耶稣用圣灵重生了他们，也重生了我们。死亡和恐惧对见证耶稣复活的人而言，毫无权柄。因为复活的主亲口对门徒说，也对我们说：“天上地下所有的权柄都赐给我了。”
此时，我们遵照主的吩咐，在复活节这个美好的节日，奉父、子、圣灵的名举行神圣的洗礼，使你们归于基督的名下，得以进入主用他的宝血为我们所立的新约，这是何其神圣欢喜的事情，相信天上的众天使也在为此欢呼。
当年为我们道成肉身的主，那圣洁无暇庇的主尚且在约旦河中接受约翰的洗礼，尽诸般的义，我们又是谁呢？正如《使徒行传》2：38-39节中彼得所言：“你们各人要悔改，奉耶稣基督的名受洗，叫你们的罪得赦，就必领受所赐的圣灵；因为这应许是给你们和你们的儿女，并一切在远方的人，就是主我们 神所召来的。”我们都是主按着他的应许召来的，是借着他进到天父面前、做神的儿女的。我们何等有福。
这洗礼也是我们因信得救的外在记号，它表明了我们的信仰告白，是在天使、在世人面前承认主的名，是在向世界宣告，我们从这一刻起再也不在撒但的黑暗权势之下，乃是属主的了。正如主耶稣在《马太福音》10：32-33节说的那样：“凡在人面前认我的，我在我天上的父面前也必认他；凡在人面前不认我的，我在我天上的父面前也必不认他。”
这洗礼还表明了我们与主的联合。在这一刻，我们旧的生命与主同钉十字架，是已经死去了；我们旧的生命也与主一同埋葬了，完全弃绝了；而我们新的生命也与主一同复活了。从此，我们也拥有了永生的盼望，就是与他同活，就是向罪而死、向神而活！从此，活着的不再是旧造的我们，我们都成了新造的人；从此，活着的不再是我们，乃是基督在我们里面活着。
我们回头细想，首先见证了主耶稣的马利亚们，就可以知道她们是一直跟随着主耶稣的人。她们亲眼目睹、亲身陪伴了主耶稣全程的受难、被钉死与被埋葬，她们经历了人生最为艰难痛苦的时候，但是她们心无旁骛，一心跟随，也因此，她们才会在天刚亮的时候，经过一夜的守候、忍耐与等待，来到主的坟墓前，也才得以最早见证了主耶稣的复活。这是在告诉我们，要让旧的生命死去，新的生命存活，并且越来越拥有主的样式，就必须跟随基督到底。弟兄姐妹，我们一定要单单定晴在主的身上，单单地仰望他、跟随他，即使要经历苦痛磨难，即使是在死荫的幽谷中，也不要放弃，不要绝望，走过绝境，便是那黎明了。
马利亚们的功课，还在于她们坚信主的话语必定会成就。她们在绝望当中，仍然紧紧抓住主的话语，作为漫漫长夜中生命的支撑，直到迎来黎明，迎来主的复活。主耶稣生前曾经三次向门徒预言他的死，但是没有人在意，只有马利亚打破珍贵的玉瓶，用那哒香膏抹他；主也曾预言他的复活，但是没有人相信，甚至他的门徒多马在他复活之后，在众门徒的见证之下，仍然不肯相信，仍然要亲手摸一摸他的钉痕才信。但是马利亚们却在天刚亮的时候，带着香膏来膏抹他的身体，这是什么样的功课呢？这是信心的功课。因为她们坚定的信心，复活的主不首先向她们显现，又要向谁显现呢？
主也应许我们说：“有了我的命令又去遵守的，这人是爱我的。爱我的必蒙我父爱他，我也要爱他，并且要向他显现。”我们真的爱主吗？我们真的愿意遵守主的命令吗？我们真的有信德吗？看哪，主的应许已经赐下来给我们了，主这样说：“凡我所吩咐你们的，都教训他们遵守，我就常与你们同在，直到世界的末了。”
复活节是纪念主复活的节日，也是弟兄姐妹见证新的生命受洗归于主的好日子。这是一个新的安息日，这是一场割礼，这是一个严肃会，是我们快乐而荣耀的日子。这也是一场新的旅程，是我们向罪而死、向神而生、向着主的标杆直跑的旅程。若“有人在基督里，他就是新造的；旧事已过，都变成新的了。”这是一天更比一天新的生活，这是生命重生的时刻，它叫复活！
我们一起向主祷告：
亲爱的恩主耶稣基督，我们感谢你，我们赞美你！你是配得颂赞的，你是创始成终的主，你是为担当我们的罪孽道成肉身、被钉死在十字架上的神的独生子，你是从死里复活的全能的真神。主啊，因着你的复活，我们的信仰才有根有基，我们才得以成为神的儿女；我们活在世上，才有了永生的盼望，你那长阔高深的爱，卑微的我们实在无以回报。主啊，求你赐坚定的信心给我们，让我们将身体献上当作活祭，能够蒙你自己的悦纳，愿我们软弱不配的生命能在地上高举你的圣名，见证你的荣耀，愿一切的颂赞、尊贵、权柄、荣耀都借着你归于我们的阿爸父神。祷告如此不配，奉我主耶稣基督的圣名。阿们！
基督徒的全副军装（八）
拥抱每一天120407——Pisces整理
今天我们看《以弗所书》6章18-20节：“靠着圣灵，随时多方祷告祈求，并要在此警醒不倦，为众圣徒祈求，也为我祈求，使我得着口才，能以放胆讲明这福音的奥秘，（我为这福音的奥秘做了带锁链的使者）并使我照着当尽的本分放胆讲论。”
这里讲到祷告这一件特别的事，因为这是一样不是兵器的兵器。前面我们看见都是一些军备，但是来到18节，保罗讲到祷告的时候，这不像是个兵器，但是这却是一个非常重要的兵器，因为祷告是力量的来源。一个打仗的兵、一个基督的兵假如没有力量，他怎么去打仗呢？但是我们又发现一件事，我们这些为主做工，做基督精兵的人，有时候我们是乏力的，没有力气，这时候我们就需要做一件事，就是需要祷告。
我再说，祷告是我们力量的来源，使我们这些疲乏的人力量可以复原。在四福音里，我们的主耶稣在世上的时候，就留下了这样祷告的榜样。主耶稣常常祷告，他在工作之前祷告，比如他在拣选十二使徒前，就先去祷告，这是非常重要的，这是决定性的。有时候耶稣工作之后非常疲乏，他就退到旷野去，有时退到山上去，目的就是要祷告，透过祷告使他的力量复原。亲爱的弟兄姊妹，连耶稣也要祷告，更何况我们呢？连神子耶稣在工作之前、在工作之后都要透过这个祷告使他的力量复原，重新得力，你跟我更需要祷告了。没有力量，我们根本谈不上去打仗。我们需要力量复原，因为我们为主工作，我们走这条属天的道路，实在是有时太疲乏了，因为工作多，作工的人少。疲乏的人真是需要力量复原，要不然这样疲乏就很容易被敌人打倒了。我们服侍主的人，我们作精兵的人有时候也是费力不讨好，你尽了你的本分，你尽了你的能力，甚至所有的一切，但是却得不到人的肯定，真的是感觉疲倦，我们参与这场属灵的争战实在是非常耗我们的精力，但是我们又不能不参与，所有我们真需要力量复原。我们需要来到神的面前祷告，好叫我们重新得力。
这个祷告是一个非常重要的兵器，我们祷告不但能够使我们力量复原，还能使我们力量增加，所以在《以弗所书》6章18-20节保罗一再讲明一件事，就是“要为我祷告，使我放胆”。怎样才能放胆呢？就是透过祷告力量增加了，我们就更有胆量。
我再说，我们服侍主，为主作工实在是不容易，但是当我们祷告的时候，我们的力量就增加了。耶稣面对前面的十字架，在受难的前夕，在客西马尼园，神子耶稣讲一句话，说：“我心里忧伤，几乎要死。”这是多么沉重的一个工作，耶稣觉得忧伤。但我们的主耶稣在客西马尼园祷告后，他就跟门徒说，我们起来！他的力量不但复原，而且力量增加了，非常有胆量。犹大带领罗马的兵丁来抓他，耶稣就问他们，你们找谁？这些兵丁说，我们找耶稣。主耶稣说：“我就是。”当他讲“我就是”时，他的力量是多么雄厚，他敢于面对那些抓他的人。经过祷告，力量就增加。所以保罗讲到一件非常重要的兵器，就是祷告，因为祷告是我们力量的来源，使我们重新得力，力上加力。
保罗在这里又讲一句非常重要的话：“也为我祈求，使我得着口才，能以放胆讲明这福音的奥秘。”保罗讲一件事“使我得着口才”，得着口才就能解明福音的奥秘。先祈求，就有口才，有了口才，就能解明福音的奥秘。这里说明一个非常重要的道理，祷告是果效的来源。工作有没有效果，是看我们有没有祷告。
为什么祷告会有果效呢？18节保罗讲：“靠着圣灵，随时多方祷告祈求。”原来祷告有力量，是与圣灵有关的。当我们祷告时，我们配合圣灵；当我们配合圣灵时，圣灵就工作；当圣灵一工作，果效就出来了。这位圣灵非常奇妙，当他一工作时，他就能感动人，因为感动人是圣灵的工作。当圣灵一感动人的时候，本来是不容易接受耶稣基督救恩，本来是不容易接受《圣经》的人，人就会被感动过来。所以保罗在这里告诉我们，我们祷告时千万记得要配合圣灵，好叫我们的祷告产生果效。圣灵才是果效真正的来源。《旧约.撒迦利亚书》4章6节说：“万军之耶和华说：不是依靠势力，不是依靠才能，乃是依靠我的灵方能成事。”保罗在这里就回应这个，借着圣灵来祷告。求主帮助我们这些有心为主打美好仗、有心作主耶稣精兵的人，透过圣灵来祷告，好叫这个果效能彰显出来。
保罗劝勉我们“靠着圣灵，随时多方祷告祈求”。“随时”，就是什么时候都能祷告。什么时候觉得需要就祷告，什么时候觉得有感动就祷告。“借着圣灵”表示我们的祷告是在圣灵里面的，不是外表的，不是出于声音的，乃是我们的内心跟圣灵配合起来，我们在那里发自内心向主祷告。这样在圣灵里的祷告，主必垂听。疲乏的祷告，神一定加力量；软弱的，我们祷告，神一定把我们扶起来，重新站起来，做一个刚强的人，打美好的仗。
我们祷告：
天父，我们承认很多时候我们疲乏，有时甚至我们会厌倦，今天透过保罗留下的圣经给我们看见，我们要借着圣灵随时多方祷告，因为祷告，我们就可以重新得力，力量复原。因为透过祷告，我们可以胆量增加；透过圣灵里的祷告，我们一定会看见有果效、有功效。天父，让我们信《圣经》里的话，让我们照着《圣经》里的这些启示，帮助孩子们走在其中。谢谢天父，听我们这样的祷告、祈求，奉耶稣的名，阿们！
基督徒的全副军装（七）
拥抱每一天120406——生命活水整理
今天我们要谈论的是在《以弗所书》第6章第17节，保罗说“并戴上救恩的头盔”，这是我们上一次讲的，现在我们注意17节的下半节，保罗又说“要拿着圣灵的宝剑，就是神的道”。这里保罗提到的军装就是这个宝剑，这个装备跟我们上几次所讲的是不大一样的。
这里提到的宝剑，是个进攻的兵器，以前我们所看到的，无论是真理的带子、公义的护心镜、平安福音的鞋、藤牌，这都是防守性的。利剑这是一个进攻的武器，当我们要去打仗的时候，我们首先就是要有一个防守，我们要在那个防守上好好地装备好自己。这个防守非常重要，因为假如我们防守得好，我们就立于不败之地；防守得不好，你很容易就被敌人来攻破。可以这样说，防守是致胜的，
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Nel 1996, una campagna di 500.000£ televisiva e radiofonica vide Cameron Violento fatto pubblicità attraverso Yorkshire e le Midlands per la prima volta.
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Tolly Cobbold公元前265年，罗马遇到了一个非常棘手的问题，墨西拿的居民代表来到罗马寻求帮助，他们正在遭受西西里第一强国叙拉古（锡拉库萨）的进攻。墨西拿人相信凭借自己的力量无法抵御叙拉古的进攻，只能寻求罗马的帮助
艰难的抉择：
首先罗马尊重法律，与他们没有同盟关系的城邦或者国家他们不会贸然出兵相助，他们之前与墨西拿没有同盟关系，当然和叙拉古之间也没有同盟关系。
其次，此时的罗马没有海军，也没有足够的运输船能将军队运送过去。如果纯粹的拼陆军，当时的罗马军团战斗力是非常惊人的，这一点不同担心。
但是如果罗马拒绝墨西拿的请求，那么墨西拿就会转而寻求迦太基的帮助，那么迦太基的势力将会覆盖整个西西里岛，如果出现那种情况，那么整个环意大利海域就是迦太基的了。
自从雅典衰落之后，迦太基成为了当时地中海的第一航海大国，与新兴的罗马为盟主的罗马联盟之间的大战，也随着两个势力的不断扩张而一触即发。
罗马元老院难以抉择，将这个问题交到了罗马最高决策机构——市民大会进行决议。决议的结果是同意参战，但是罗马人没有想到这个决议引发了罗马与迦太基之间长达100多年的前后三次战争
出兵西西里：
率领罗马军团出兵西西里的，是阿比乌斯·克劳狄乌斯，此人来自于克劳狄乌斯家族，是当时罗马出执政官数量第三多的家族。
另外两个家族是科尔奈利乌斯家族和瓦莱里乌斯家族，其家族性格特点是傲慢、强硬、不妥协、有先见性、意志坚定、责任感强，虽然不太亲民，但是一旦遇到战争环境，其缺点就全部变成了优点。
公元前264年3月15日，罗马军团在克劳狄乌斯的带领下离开了罗马，乘坐友邦城市提供的运输船渡过了海峡，期间他们避开了迦太基海军的巡逻。
罗马军团出现在西西里，顿时让迦太基感到了不安。很快迦太基就与叙拉古结成了同盟，叙拉古自南向北进军，迦太基自西向东进军，两路大军同时进攻墨西拿。
克劳狄乌斯马上向叙拉古军队发动了进攻，尽管叙拉古军在数量上占优势。以雇佣兵为主的叙拉古军完全不是以公民兵为主的罗马军的对手。
叙拉古军很快就败了下来。随即克劳狄乌斯调转枪头，向迦太基军发动进攻，理由是要守卫罗马的盟友墨西拿。迦太基军也很快被罗马军团击败。此后，克劳狄乌斯带兵攻到了叙拉古的首都，直到这年的冬季，军队进入到了休战期。
罗马军制：
进入到冬季休战期之后，罗马通过市民大会选出了第二年的执政官，分别是马尼乌斯·瓦莱利乌斯和奥塔吉利乌斯·克拉苏。
马尼乌斯是历史上显赫的家族，其原先所在的民族曾经是罗马的死敌，在公元前326年到公元前284年间与罗马激战了40年，而其所在的部族向罗马臣服之后。
罗马人不仅慷慨地给与这个部族以上层阶级，还在仅仅过去20年后，这个部族的人就成为了罗马的最高领导者。
在公元前263年，罗马将两个执政官都派到了西西里战场，足以见当时战争的重要性。一般来说，罗马一个军团是4500人左右，其中4200名步兵，300名骑兵，一个执政官统领2个罗马军团，同时还配带了同盟城市的兵力。
同盟城市的兵力与罗马军的比例一般是1:1，也就是一个执政官军团通常是1.8-2万人，两个执政官军团就意味着战斗人员达到了3.5-4万人。
叙拉古的国王希伦不是世袭的国王，而是僭主，也就是通过武力或者其他手段夺取王位的人，此时他的年轻在35岁左右，是一个洞察力强又现实的人。
希伦并不担心叙拉古会被罗马攻陷，因为叙拉古的防御他非常放心，他唯一担心的就是叙拉古与罗马交战的时候迦太基会乘虚而入。此时的叙拉古也必须在罗马与迦太基之间做出选择，他于是派了使者到罗马军营请求和谈。
和谈的结果就是罗马开出了优厚的条件：
1、双方同盟15年，如果没有异议可以延期；
2、罗马尊重叙拉古的自治权；
3、叙拉古有义务向罗马提供小麦；
4、叙拉古没有向罗马提供兵员的义务；
5、叙拉古赔偿罗马100塔兰特，协约生效后支付25塔兰特，剩下的分15年付清。
至此，罗马出兵墨西拿的目的基本达到，在此之后叙拉古成为了罗马坚定的盟友，即便在罗马困难时期也没有背叛，之所以如此并不是被逼，而是希伦深思熟虑之后的政治选择。此后的50年间，叙拉古充分享受了和平与繁荣。— Sahiplenici bir ekonomiden üreten bir ekonomiye tarıma geçiş, ekonomik bir olgudan çok, şaşırtıcı bir değişim ve dinsel ruhta bir atılımdır.
Büyük taşlar dönemi olan megalitik çağın anıtlarında kristalleşti. İnsanlar, çabalarını esirgemeden, devasa manevi cenaze dini binaları inşa ettiklerinde. Niye ya? Ne için?
Herkesin bildiği bu anıtlardan biri de Stonehenge.
Ama böyle birkaç fenomen var …
Ve son olarak, tüm bunlar -hatalar, içsel kırılmalar ve başarılar yoluyla- insanları şu anda içinde yaşadıkları en büyük iki keşfe götürdü. Bu bir yazı dili ve bir devlettir. Neden ve nasıl ortaya çıktılar? Dahası, dünyanın farklı yerlerinde aynı anda ortaya çıktılar — Mısır’da, Mezopotamya’da, İndus Nehri kıyısında ve Çin’de.亚搏在线
鲁索一看见就会大发雷霆。Alistair沃尔什还活着,呼吸和在法国。他衷心地批准了前两个。最后就没有那么好了。他不记得就在性能试验击退了边境。他们急促而在法国西部的比利时,所以他不能告诉任何语言的转变。当然不是和她一样好与任何真正的母马,但这已经足够好了,和他喜欢她。所以现在他尊重他的侄女有勇气公开是通常做什么秘密,和她争取权利关系,尽管她的大坝和其他大多数的谴责。Neysa,当然,已经更straight-maned。
一旦进去，他花了整整二十分钟研究乔托的作品，拉斐尔提香和安吉利科小姐在离开画廊去找男厕所之前。五分钟后，他加入了一群即将登上去凡尔赛的巴士的美国游客，和他们一起走出了主要入口。在路边他离开了他们，走过半个街区就进了地铁。不到一小时他就回到旅馆，等待标致从车库里被提上来。电梯停了，奥斯本走进走廊。过了一会儿，他走进自己的房间，关上了门。那是上午11点25分。四个小时后他就要去剧院了。把报纸扔在床上，他走进浴室刷牙，然后洗了个澡。就在他剃须的时候，他决定解决他问题的最好办法是扮演他希望警察对他期望的角色，那个悲伤的情人独自在巴黎度过了最后一天。
花了几秒钟的男性来得出结论,但这是预期的。他咆哮着,和亮度应呈红色对这种新的猎物。实际上,两个适合独角兽应该是两个成年食人魔的对手。但这不是夹在来这里的目的。他坚持自己的立场,角。所以在field-gray-funny混蛋的犀利目光是如何的颜色,和头盔的突出的形状,可以把你的风打破的雕刻切割的盟友,迫使他们撤退,如果他们不想得到切断和包围。纳粹在渡过了橡皮艇。机枪淘汰第一船,但德国坦克和防空枪支在河的另一边沉默的机枪。当德国人赢得一个桥头堡,他们跑水上桥梁的渡过,他们的坦克。
从愤怒的表情慢慢转变女性的男性和惊喜和好奇宝宝的普遍困惑。美丽的大自然是外国食人魔;他们不知道如何处理它。也许在他们的昏暗的祖先有跟踪,和一个建议的意识,无用的遗迹,尚未正常繁殖的物种。那么男性却甩开了他的手,再次,准备咆哮,属性更新他的攻击。其实开始玩,伴随剪辑的旋律。她盘管增强他的萨克斯音色好,,结果是非常漂亮。在Venjekar号上，他是主人。没有人，甚至连凯女祭司都没有，有权撤销他的命令。德拉娅意识到她违反了一条不成文的法律，她赶紧解释一下。“那是阿普利亚岛，德鲁伊统治的岛屿。
帆船驶入海湾。Skylan站在甲板上，他仔细考虑过这个计划。他和他的战士们要上岸。德拉亚和两个将充当守卫的勇士将留在龙舟上。斯基兰将要求被带到德鲁伊那里，定居点的领导人。雷格尔形容他们是一群弯腰驼背的老年男女。或者,一旦元首滚动,他不容易停止于河。”胜利是肯定的!”他大发雷霆,他可能在收音机。”和疯狂的杂种狗叛徒试图阻止帝国获得它已经得到了他们应得的。哦,是的!他们!”他的眼睛了。唯一的问题是,路德维希不知道他在说什么。”先生?”警官说。
Neysa,当然,已经更straight-maned。种间行动的事实,打扰她,她自己有外遇的熟练的阶梯前他娶了夫人蓝色。它被开放,坚持它是合法的。英国皇家空军似乎很乐意打破了自己的地面上。他们没有努力追求。汉斯放松又踩在了油门上。
在。这里。”阿芙罗狄蒂从开着的窗户伸进来，抓住史蒂夫·雷的一只手，猛地猛拉。就像是一个气球，史蒂夫·雷突然走进房间。然后,他把它放在怪物,进一步隐瞒他。只有一个人知道去哪里看会发现怪物或旗帜。然而,这不是仅仅拖延不可避免的吗?如果食人魔蠢到把假的国旗,他们会意识到它是假的,当当局检查。然后他们将返回彻底搜索,并找到真正的一个。除非------突然的全部本质其实的策略是清楚他!漂亮!他改变了hawkform和飞回到舞台的另一端,红旗仍然飞的地方。
束子弹打到了前面的泥浆沃尔什。没有得到通过。都是一样的,附近没有健康。沃尔什爬出洞,跑的石头围墙他发现不远处。他环顾四周来决定,如果他不得不匆忙离开。你不想要担心,在最后一分钟。他犹豫了一下然后丢了。一尊大炮barked-one德国的37毫米反坦克炮。他们足够小和轻跟上前进的军队。
他总是那么宗教甚至比她的母亲和莎拉怀疑上帝他的眼睛在德国犹太人。她上楼怀疑她能再次入睡。但是她做到了。她下来吃早餐:黑色面包和咖啡代用品,尝起来像,可能是烧过的大麦。她的父亲在读报纸。空中海盗屠杀无辜平民!标题尖叫。”独角兽步调一致,保持完美的节奏,玩他们的复杂的旋律。他们引导向红旗站食人魔,接着,不受挑战。然后Neysa改为她萤火虫形式和飞起来之前,直接进行高的树的国旗飘扬。剪辑已经决定不风险更大的飞行形式,以免分散的食人魔的音乐。的确,一旦Neysa安全飞行,她的小身体失去了在远处观看,他把党停止。他们在原地踏步,serenad食人魔。
这几乎展开明显的芳醇,碰到食人魔。他们会听吗?吗?他们停了下来。竖起耳朵总值。从愤怒的表情慢慢转变女性的男性和惊喜和好奇宝宝的普遍困惑。美丽的大自然是外国食人魔;他们不知道如何处理它。也许在他们的昏暗的祖先有跟踪,和一个建议的意识,无用的遗迹,尚未正常繁殖的物种。他还担心德国人与这次袭击犯了一个错误。在欧洲大陆,轰炸目标接近自己的线,他们通常依靠数量优势。受损的飞机没有很远的路要走回到友好领土。在这里,深蓝色大海之间的掠夺者和朋友。
我知道你剩下的东西在哪里。如果你要的话，我可以把它全部拿回来。”“就这样，卑鄙消失了，我再次看着我最好的朋友。然而,这不是仅仅拖延不可避免的吗?如果食人魔蠢到把假的国旗,他们会意识到它是假的,当当局检查。然后他们将返回彻底搜索,并找到真正的一个。除非------突然的全部本质其实的策略是清楚他!漂亮!他改变了hawkform和飞回到舞台的另一端,红旗仍然飞的地方。
他们不需要他们！他们有自己的武器，他们太强大了！“““你怎么知道的，夫人？“斯基兰问。“你参观过这个岛吗？凯女祭司参观过这个岛吗？“他握开了她紧握的手。船摇晃时，她又摇晃了一下，抓住栏杆。“不是对很多人来说，许多年，“德拉亚承认了。“但那是因为文德拉什警告我们不要这样做。一个你应该注意的警告！““一些战士现在开始怀疑了，向海岸线投去不确定的目光。当他提出艾琳成为骨祭司的话题时，Treia轻蔑地看了他一眼，走开了。在温得拉姆，德拉亚和赫德钧勇士上船。德拉亚接管了甲板下的私人小屋，那是在航行中骨女祭司停留的地方。小屋又小又窄，因为甲板下面的大部分区域是用来储存在突袭中缴获的赃物。德拉亚铺开毛毯，给自己和斯凯兰创造一个舒适的睡眠环境。他已经绞尽脑汁好几天了，试着想一想他该如何避免和她说谎，到目前为止，他还不能编造一个适当的借口，一个能让她和赫德军战士满意的人，谁会期望这对已婚夫妇表现得像已婚夫妇。
他们急促而在法国西部的比利时,所以他不能告诉任何语言的转变。但这是法国,好吧,和德国仍尽最大努力以突破。他们还没有成功。沃尔什记得黑色的天在1918年的春天和初夏,当整个英国regiments-Christ部门!忘记吞噬在凯撒的最后攻势。这是更糟。不。但它将帮助阻止它们喷洒玻璃在房子的内部如果归结接近我们,就楞住了——我希望,”他说。之后可能是20分钟或20年,炸弹停止下降。飞机引擎就走了。
天气不好足以让任何推过去战争沼泽泥浆和泥浆。但也有更多的公路轮子使用了,铁轨可能迫使步行方式,甚至男人遇到了麻烦。他很高兴吃惊的是,他听到引擎从西南。”他们改变了人类形态,走的时候告诉Neysa发生了什么事。他们有一个工具来对付食人魔!!剪辑出来迎接的首席怪物围攻的开始。”可能最好的球队赢了,”剪辑说,假设人的形式。”Arrrgh!”怪物吼道,在抨击他。正式的设施完成,他们撤退到组。
斯基兰不高兴地转过身瞪着她。在Venjekar号上，他是主人。没有人，甚至连凯女祭司都没有，有权撤销他的命令。德拉娅意识到她违反了一条不成文的法律，她赶紧解释一下。“那是阿普利亚岛，德鲁伊统治的岛屿。我们珍惜生命，我们不应该冒险去附近的任何地方！““斯基兰笑了。在这里,深蓝色大海之间的掠夺者和朋友。只有它不是蓝色的。这是灰色绿色,,冷。”
一个又一个俯冲轰炸机从空中掉了下来。嘶哑的恐惧和惊慌的喊叫声喋喋不休在汉斯的耳机。垂死的尖叫。”妈妈!”有人悲叹。”形状像沙漏，她穿着破烂的短裤和迈阿密热火队的运动衫。“嘿，朱莉“我说。“这是卡梅拉的身体，不是吗？“她问。我点点头，朱莉忍住了哭泣。
都是一样的,附近没有健康。沃尔什爬出洞,跑的石头围墙他发现不远处。在开放的、他觉得比naked-he感觉就像一个蜗牛的壳了。子弹了过去他和缝合他的脚附近的泥浆。从不远的喘息声,他把自己摔倒在篱笆后面。然后他突然出现了德国人。四个小时后他就要去剧院了。把报纸扔在床上，他走进浴室刷牙，然后洗了个澡。就在他剃须的时候，他决定解决他问题的
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aged between 6-19 years with a wearing time of between 6-25 months. It was found that 81.25% had shown complete halting of myopia progression. The authors continued the study and additional data showed continued to minimise myopia progression9. 153 children were followed up for 6 to 59 months. The data showed that at each 6 monthly interval there was approximately 0.9D decrease in myopia progression compared to the rate of progression of children prior to wearing the NaturalVue lenses. This equated to around 90% decrease in progression.
MiYOSMART- The Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments (DIMS) spectacle lenses have now been approved in the UK for myopia control. Hoya have incorporated the technology to develop the MiYOSMART lens. The technology was invented by Dr Chi-ho To from the School of Optometry from the Hong Kong Poly technic University.
The lens has a 9mm central clear zone with the distance refractive correction to provide clear central vision. Outside of this area are multiple segments which are tiny lenses or ‘lenslets’ or ‘dimples’ of 1.03mm in size. They are interspersed amongst the periphery of the lens to provide +3.5D myopic defocus thereby delivering a simultaneous 50:50 spilt of normal refractive correction and myopic defocus.
A study by Lam et al10 involving 183 children aged between 8-13 years of age, roughly half the children were corrected with the regular single vision spectacles lens and the other half with the DIMS lenses. Myopia progression was assessed over 2 years in both groups.
The results showed:
The MiYOSMART lens is a long awaited alternative treatment option for myopia control. It can be used even in conjunction with soft lens myopia control lenses for dual myopia control therapy.
Which is the best option for my child?
There are several factors that we need to consider in deciding the appropriate treatment option. We first have to look at the child’s refractive error as effectiveness of certain lenses will be limited by the level of myopia and astigmatism. We also need to consider the child’s ability to wear and handle certain lenses. Lifestyle choices such as sporting activity also plays a big role when deciding which to go for. Dual therapy which combines several myopia control options can be considered especially when there is evidence of uncontrolled myopia progression or strong family history. Ultimately, an initial assessment by one of our Optometrists will be required to make the decision and this may include the use of drops to dilate the pupils for further assessment.
Preventing the onset of myopia
Research shows that the prevalence of myopia is lower in children who spend more time outdoors5,7. More encouragement of outdoor activities is recommended especially for children with a strong family history of myopia.有人说老人过了七十就不能立遗嘱了，也有人说过了八十就不能立了，那么究竟老人多大年龄不能立遗嘱呢？根据《继承法》第十六条规定：公民可以依照本法规定立遗嘱处分个人财产，并可以指定遗嘱执行人，也就是说立遗嘱是每一位合法公民的权利，并没有年龄限制，当然是否所立遗嘱真实有效呢？一定要遵从一下几个方面？
一、立遗嘱有效的条件
（1）遗嘱人订立遗嘱时具有完全民事行为能力；
（2）遗嘱人所立的遗嘱是其真实意思表示；
（3）遗嘱人对遗嘱所处分的财产有处分权；
（4）遗嘱的内容合法；
（5）遗嘱的形式合法。
二、老人可立遗嘱的类型有哪些
1、遗嘱公证：即经过国家公证机关公证的遗嘱。它在各种中效力最高。当有其他形式的遗嘱与公证遗嘱发生冲突时，以公证遗嘱效力最高。并不是遗嘱必须办理公证，只是经过公证的遗嘱效力相对其他形式的遗嘱效力最高。因此，为方便遗嘱顺利执行，可采取此种形式。办理公证遗嘱相关手续，可咨询当地公证处。
2、自书遗嘱：是由遗嘱人亲自书写、签名，并注明年、月、日。自书遗嘱不需要见证人。
3、代书遗嘱：代书遗嘱必须有立遗嘱人、代书人及两个以上的见证人在场见证并签名。
4、录音遗嘱：应该有立遗嘱人、代书人及两个以上的见证人现场在场见证并签名。
5、口头遗嘱，一般是在危急情况下所立的遗嘱，但必须有两个以上的见证人见证，危急解除后，遗嘱人能用书面遗嘱的，所立口头遗嘱无效。
三、遗嘱的几种注意事项：
遗嘱具有法律效力必须注意以下问题：
（1）立遗嘱人要具备行为能力，所立遗嘱要出自立遗嘱人的自愿。
（2）所处分的财产必须是立遗嘱人本人的财产，如夫妻共同财产不能由一方单独处分。
（3）代书人和见证人的规定：继承人、受遗赠人、与继承人有利害关系的人，不能作为遗嘱见证人，如他们的债权人、债务人、合伙人、配偶、子女、父母等。
（4）遗嘱的内容必须合法。内容不合法的遗嘱主要有三个情况：
1、遗嘱取消了缺乏劳动能力又没有生活来源的继承人的继承权。
2、遗嘱没有为胎儿保留必要的继承份额。
3、遗嘱内容违反其他法律。
总之有关与年龄限制，还是要视老人自身的身体状况而定，如果其身体状况已达到不能或不能完全辨认自己行为、不能正确进行意思表示的，则应属于无行为能力人或限制行为能力人，此时其不可以立遗嘱；如果其身体健康或只是一般的痴呆症，不影响其辨认和控制能力的，则其可以立遗嘱。当然，若老人身体有病症，其病症是否影响其行为能力，要有医学鉴定。God of the forest, plains, and fields
|Member of the Di indigetes|
|Major cult center||a shrine on the Insula Tiberina|
|Festivals||Faunalia (13 February and 5 December)|
|Parents||Picus and Canens|
|Consort||Flora, Marica, Fauna|
In ancient Roman religion and myth, Faunus [ˈfau̯nʊs] was the rustic god of the forest, plains and fields; when he made cattle fertile, he was called Inuus. He came to be equated in literature with the Greek god Pan, after which Romans depicted him as a horned god.
Faunus was one of the oldest Roman deities, known as the di indigetes. According to the epic poet Virgil, he was a legendary king of the Latins. His shade was consulted as a goddess of prophecy under the name of Fatuus, with oracles in the sacred grove of Tibur, around the well Albunea, and on the Aventine Hill in ancient Rome itself.[full citation needed]
Marcus Terentius Varro asserted that the oracular responses were given in Saturnian verse. Faunus revealed the future in dreams and voices that were communicated to those who came to sleep in his precincts, lying on the fleeces of sacrificed lambs. Fowler (1899) suggested that Faunus is identical with Favonius,[better source needed] one of the Roman wind gods (compare the Anemoi).
The name Faunus is generally thought to stem from Proto-Italic *fawe or *fawono (variant *fawōn(jo)), thus being cognate with Umbrian fons, foner ('merciful'). It may ultimately derive from Proto-Indo-European (PIE) *bʰh₂u-n ('favourable'), which also reflects Old Irish búan ('good, favourable, firm') and Middle Welsh bun ('maiden, sweetheart').(p 102)
Another theory contends that Faunus is the Latin outcome of PIE *dhau-no- ('the strangler', thus denoting the 'wolf'), a proposition suggested by the fact that the two Luperci ("wolf-men", from Latin lupus, 'wolf') are commonly treated as temporary priests of the god Faunus.
Consorts and family
In fable Faunus appears as an old king of Latium, grandson of Saturnus, son of Picus, and father of Latinus by the nymph Marica (who was also sometimes Faunus' mother). After his death he is raised to the position of a tutelary deity of the land, for his many services to agriculture and cattle-breeding.
As Pan was accompanied by the Paniskoi, or little Pans, so the existence of many Fauni was assumed besides the chief Faunus. Fauns are place-spirits (genii) of untamed woodland. Educated, Hellenizing Romans connected their fauns with the Greek satyrs, who were wild and orgiastic drunken followers of Dionysus, with a distinct origin.
Conflation with Greek Pan
Faunus was naturally conflated with the Greek god Pan, who was a pastoral god of shepherds who was said to reside in Arcadia. With the increasing influence of Greek mythology on Roman mythology in the 3rd and 2nd centuries BCE, the Romans identified their own deities with Greek ones in what was called interpretatio Romana. However, the two deities were also considered separate by many; for instance, the epic poet Virgil, in his Aeneid, independently mentioned both Faunus and Pan.
Pan had always been depicted with horns whereas the original Roman Faunus was not. An indication of the cultural conflation of the two can be seen in many Roman depictions of Faunus that also began to display Faunus with horns.
In Justin's epitome, Faunus is identified with Lupercus ("he who wards off the wolf"), otherwise a priest of Faunus. Livy named Inuus as the god originally worshiped at the Lupercalia, 15 February, when his priests (Luperci) wore goat-skins and hit passers-by with goatskin whips.
Two festivals, called Faunalia, were celebrated in his honour—one on 13 February, in the temple of Faunus on the island in the Tiber, the other on 5 December, when the peasants brought him rustic offerings and amused themselves with dancing.
A euhemeristic account made Faunus a Latin king, son of Picus and Canens. He was then revered as the god Fatuus after his death, worshipped in a sacred forest outside what is now Tivoli, but had been known since Etruscan times as Tibur, the seat of the Tiburtine Sibyl. His numinous presence was recognized by wolf skins, with wreaths and goblets.
Faunus was worshipped across the Roman Empire for many centuries. An example of this was a set of thirty-two 4th century spoons found near Thetford in England in 1979. They had been engraved with the name "Faunus", and each had a different epithet after the god's name. The spoons also bore Christian symbols, and it has been suggested that these were initially Christian but later taken and devoted to Faunus by pagans. The 4th century was a time of large scale Christianisation, and the discovery provides evidence that even during the decline of traditional Roman religion, the god Faunus was still worshipped.
- For descriptions of Faunus as an oracular deity, see:
Virgil. Aeneid. vii.81.
Ovid. Fasti. iv.649.
Cicero. De Natura Deorum. ii.6, iii.15.
Cicero. De Divinatione. i.101.
Dionysius of Halicarnassus. Ῥωμαϊκὴ Ἀρχαιολογία [Roman Antiquities] (in Greek). v.16.
Plutarch. Numa Pompilius. xv.3.
Lactantius. Institutiones. i.22.9.
Servius. On the Aeneid. viii.314.
- Peck, Harry (1897). “Faunalia Faustina.” Harper's Dictionary of Classical Literature and Antiquities. Harper & Brothers Publishers. 662-663.
- Varro. De Lingua Latina. vii. 36.
- Fowler, W.W. (1899). The Roman Festivals of the Period of the Republic: An introduction to the study of the religion of the Romans. London, UK: Macmillan and Co. p. 259. Retrieved 7 June 2007.
- de Vaan 2008, pp. 205–206.
- Nečas Hraste, Daniel; Vuković, Krešimir (2011). "Rudra-Shiva and Silvanus-Faunus: Savage and propitious". Journal of Indo-European Studies. 39 (1–2): 100–115. ISSN 0092-2323.
- Briquel 1974, p. 31.
- Sergent 1991, p. 18: "... le terme le plus proche est latin Faunus, qui, lié aux Luperci, doit être le loup"
- "Faunus (ancient Italian god)". Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved 23 October 2020.
- Hutton, R. (1991). The Pagan Religions of the Ancient British Isles. Blackwell. pp. 260–261. ISBN 0-631-17288-2.
- Watts, Dorothy J. (March 1988). "The Thetford treasure: A reappraisal". Antiquaries Journal. 68 (1): 55–68. doi:10.1017/S0003581500022484. S2CID 163068059. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
- Papias. Elementarium.
Dusios nominant quos romani Faunos ficarios vocant.
- as quoted by
- as quoted by
- MacFarlane, Katherine Nell (1980). "Isidore of Seville on the pagan gods (Origines VIII. 11)". Transactions of the American Philosophical Society. 70 (3): 36–37. doi:10.2307/1006189. JSTOR 1006189.
- Briquel, Dominique (1974). "Le problème des Dauniens". Mélanges de l'école française de Rome. 86 (1): 7–40. doi:10.3406/mefr.1974.962.
- de Vaan, Michiel (2008). Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages. Brill. ISBN 9789004167971.
- Hammond, N.G.L.; Scullard, H.H., eds. (1970). The Oxford Classical Dictionary. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-869117-3.
- Nečas Hraste, D.; Vuković, K. (2011). "Rudra-Shiva and Silvanus-Faunus: Savage and Propitious". The Journal of Indo-European Studies. 39 (1&2): 100–115. ISSN 0092-2323.Injuring approximately 68,000 people each year, lawn mowers are one of the most dangerous pieces of equipment around the house. According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, 13 percent of those harmed are children under the age of 18.
To prevent lawn mower injuries to children, the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons recommends the following:
- Use a mower with a control that stops the mower from moving forward if the handle is let go.
- Children younger than 16 years should not be allowed to use riding mowers.
- Children younger than 12 years should not use walk-behind mowers.
- Never let passengers of any age join you on a riding mower.
- Prevent injuries from flying objects, such as stones or toys, by picking up objects from the lawn before mowing begins. Use a collection bag for grass clippings or a plate that covers the opening where cut grass is released.
- Wear protective gloves, goggles, boots and long pants when you use lawnmowers.
- Never mow barefoot or in sandals. Make sure that sturdy shoes are worn while mowing.
- Make sure that children are indoors or at a safe distance well away from the area you plan to mow.
- Use caution when mowing hills and slopes. Mow across with a push mower; mow up and down with a riding mower. Do not cut wet grass.
- Start and refuel mowers outdoors, not in a garage or shed. Mowers should be refueled with the motor turned off and cool.
- Make sure that blade settings (to set the wheel height or dislodge debris) are done by an adult, with the mower off and the spark plug removed or disconnected.
- Do not pull the mower backward or mow in reverse unless absolutely necessary, and carefully look for children behind you when you mow in reverse.
- Always turn off the mower and wait for the blades to stop completely before removing the grass catcher, unclogging the discharge chute, or crossing gravel paths, roads or other areas.Nei nostri alloggi sono presenti 5 camere singole. Ognuna di esse hanno una superficie di 20 mq che vengono raccolti in sole due stanze ovvero la camera da letto e il bagno. Le camere singole sono accessoriate con tipologie di beni che corrispondono al bisogno di una sola persona(es. 1 materasso, 1 televisore ecc.). tale servizio è aggiuntivo di servizi minori che permettono alla singola persona di passare delle giornate in completo relax.شش شهرستان استان مرکزی در معرض تهدید حرکت شنهای روان قرار دارد
یوسف یوسفی اظهار داشت: در حال حاضر شش شهرستان استان مرکزی شامل زرندیه، ساوه، دلیجان، محلات، کمیجان و خنداب در معرض بیابانی شدن و تهدید حرکت شن های روان قرار دارد که در صورت عملیاتی نشدن اقدامات پیشگیرانه در این رابطه، طی سال های آتی با مشکلات مختلفی در این حوزه در شهرستان های مذکور مواجه خواهیم شد.
مدیرکل منابع طبیعی و آبخیزداری استان مرکزی افزود: در راستای
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include mixing ratios, the use of a compressed earth block machine to make bricks, and designing and constructing a naturally well-insulated and efficient earth block building.
Where: Red Cloud Renewable Energy Center, Pine Ridge, South Dakota
When: October 18-26, 2013
You must complete a registration form or scholarship application to be considered for this training.
We are honored to be able to offer three scholarships to female students for this training.Natural Stone and Sustainability
Natural Stone and Sustainability
The most significant and exciting development in the construction industry over the past few decades has been green, sustainable building. In 1998, the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC)—the nation’s leading coalition on sustainable building—established the LEED® Green Building Rating System™. LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environment Design) is the most widely used rating system for green building. This system defines standards for environmentally responsible, healthier, and more profitable structures, and awards points to new construction and major renovation projects in five categories:
- Sustainable Sites
- Water Efficiency
- Energy & Atmosphere
- Materials & Resources
LEED v4 will take a more holistic approach to defining a green building material with a particular focus on lifecycle impacts in addition to supply chain management, taking the program’s scope one step deeper into the manufacturing process. This change is expected to influence the information designers and architects are requesting from manufacturers.
Architects are requiring more rigorous information from manufacturers, by requesting them to collect information outside their localized manufacturing process.
In the past—self-declared recycled content and bare-bones regional declarations were enough to meet credit requirements. Now, green building programs like LEED and the International Living Future’s Living Building Challenge are redefining what makes a material sustainable. Less emphasis is being put on the product’s individual attributes. This is a sweet spot for the stone industry and our materials.
Why Build Green?
Constructing buildings in an environmentally-considerate way requires careful thought and planning. However, the payback from a green building far outweighs this price. Conventional building practices consume large quantities of energy and water, while generating excessive air emissions and waste streams; these impacts are also caused by product manufacturing. Moreover, indoor air quality can be impaired when unhealthy building materials are employed.
Implementing green building techniques reduces impacts on the environment and human health during both construction and operation of a structure, as well as during production of building materials. If this harm is not reason enough to build responsibly, consider the financial aspect. Resource consumption and medical care can become expensive for the builder, the material manufacturer, and the employer of those working in the structure.
The Natural Stone Industry’s Sustainability Standard
After many years, and a great investment of time and resources, the natural stone industry is able to tell the world about its sustainability standard. This standard will assure architects, landscape architects, designers, contractors, owners and others that there is verifiable data to compare natural stone with other competitive products in this rapidly changing green building environment.
The purpose of the Sustainability Assessment for Natural Dimension Stone is to recognize sustainability practices in the natural stone industry – practices many members already follow but don’t document or promote. This voluntary standard will eventually give quarries and primary processing plants the ability to certify their operations (and subsequently their stones) as sustainable. Third party verification of conformance to a set of well-defined environmental, ecological, social responsibility and human health metrics will be required. To date, the stone industry has not been able to compete on a level playing field with other industries that already have a standard like this in place such as wood, tile and carpet.
In collaboration with the Natural Stone Council and Ecoform, NSF International (NSF) convened a Standards Committee for development of an American National Standard for the sustainable development aspects of dimensional stone production. The Standards Committee reviewed Public Comments for action in accordance with accepted ANSI criteria. Designated as NSC 373, the Standard is intended to offer the following benefits to the stone industry:
- Establish a set of well-defined environmental and human health metrics recognized by the green building movement as an indicator of leadership sustainability performance.
- Provide an important opportunity to educate key members of the green building movement, government, and environmental advocacy groups about the production of stone products.
- Create a mechanism that rewards natural stone companies that demonstrate environmental leadership through commitment to sustainable operations and continued innovation.
- Proactively address potential stone-related environmental and human health concerns in a multi-stakeholder, science based forum (i.e. radon, dust, etc.).
- Harmonize national and international environmental requirements for stone quarrying and production.
- Encourage transparent chain of custody reporting in support of LEED credits.
- Create parity between stone and other competitive products covered by existing certification programs.
This Standard defines Environmentally Preferable Manufacturing Practices (EPMP’s) for the quarrying and manufacture of dimensional stone products, and establishes baseline requirements for EPMP’s applicable to all stone manufacturers and processors. Specifically, the standard defines criteria that consider the social, environmental, and human health impacts associated with the dimensional, natural stone product life-cycle including but not limited to the quarrying and manufacturing life-cycle stages. Because stone is quarried in countries around the world, the scope of the standard includes both North American and International quarries and processing facilities, and considers logistics and transportation issues during criteria development. The standard will assist in the determination of whether a dimensional stone product has been produced and transported in an environmentally preferable manner consistent with the principles of sustainability.
The standard focuses on North American based stone products and operations, but is developed with the participation and cooperation of the international stone community and is the basis for expanding to a proposed international-based ISO certification. Criteria define both environmentally preferable products and stone production operations.
We can especially do our part to contribute to responsible building by providing materials that have been quarried and processed in an environmentally-conscious manner. Further, we are exploring the implications of natural stone application during the use phase and beyond, particularly with regard to durability, solar reflectance, and salvage and reuse. This work addresses the entire life-cycle of natural stone, substantiating on a holistic level the position of natural stone as a green building material.
Implementing Best Practices
Water Consumption, Treatment, and Reuse
Water management is integral to achieving sustainable practices and is increasingly becoming a high priority in any industry. This is due to new and existing water resources becoming more scarce in many regions throughout the world; per capita water consumption is increasing annually; water and sewer rates have increased significantly over the last decade (100-400%); and new water supply options are too costly or even unavailable. There is also the growing recognition of the water, energy, and operations and maintenance savings that can be realized through the implementation of water saving strategies. Read Best Practice: Water Consumption
Site Maintenance and Quarry Closure
Extracting stone can be an arduous endeavor that affects the local ecosystem and community on a number of levels. Not unlike any development (commercial, residential, government, etc.), quarry operations can greatly modify landscape and topography, can impact wildlife populations, and require supplemental quantities of water and energy. Additionally, potential occupational health and safety risks may exist for quarry employees, and local residents may experience noise and vibrations. Responsible site maintenance, however, can make a remarkable difference in the magnitude of these impacts. Read Best Practice: Site Maintenance and Quarry Closure
Solid Waste Management
Solid waste management is a fundamental component to any manufacturing or production enterprise. The natural stone industry is unique in that the majority of its solid waste stream is its raw material. It is estimated that 175 million tons of quarrying waste are produced each year,1 and although a portion of this waste may be utilized on-site, such as for excavation pit refill or berm construction, it is often difficult to find a use for all scrap stone and fines produced. Coupling this with the industry’s other waste streams, such as heavy equipment, wastewater sludge, and general site trash, it is necessary that every operation in the natural stone industry develop and abide by a waste management plan.
Through implementation of a proactive waste management strategy; unnecessary fines, occupational exposure and environmental degradation can be avoided. Additionally, opportunity exists for companies to distinguish themselves as a socially responsible and environmentally considerate operation. This document provides approaches to achieve such practices at a quarry or fabrication facility. Read Best Practice: Solid Waste Management
Implementing transportation management promotes shipment efficiency, ultimately minimizing negative impacts to the environment and reducing costs. A comprehensive and proactive transport strategy can also improve carrier-shipper relations and enhance the quarry or processing facility’s repute for social responsibility. In fact, a FedEx transportation benchmark study demonstrated that higher customer service level and lower transport expenses were seen in companies with a strategic transportation plan (Younkin 2006). Read Best Practice: TransportationBackground/aim Concussion, the most common injury in professional rugby union, occurs most commonly during the tackle. Thus, we investigated the association between tackle characteristics and concussion.
Methods 182 video clips of tackles leading to clinically diagnosed concussion and 4619 tackles that did not were coded across three professional rugby union competitions. A variable selection process was undertaken to identify the most important variables for interpretation. A multivariate generalised linear model was used to model the association between retained variables and concussion risk. Magnitude-based inferences provided an interpretation of the real-world relevance of the outcomes.
Results The four retained variables were: accelerating player, tackler speed, head contact type and tackle type. Overall, 70% of concussions occurred to the tackler and 30% to the ball carrier. There was a higher risk of concussion if the tackler accelerated into the tackle (OR: 2.49, 95% CI 1.70 to 3.64) or the tackler was moving at high speed (OR: 2.64, 95% CI 1.92 to 3.63). Head contact with the opposing player’s head (OR: 39.9, 95% CI 22.2 to 71.1) resulted in a substantially greater risk of concussion compared with all other head contact locations.
Conclusions Interventions that reduce the speed and acceleration of the tackler and reduce exposure to head-to-head contact would likely reduce concussion risk in professional rugby union.
- risk factor
- sporting injuries
Statistics from Altmetric.com
Rugby union is a high-intensity collision sport with around 450 contact events per professional match, of which approximately 200 are tackles.1 Overall, concussions have been shown to account for almost one quarter of all reported time-loss match injuries during a professional season.2 This high frequency of occurrence in the professional game clearly makes the primary prevention of the injury a key priority for the sport.
Rugby union has introduced a significant number of concussion initiatives including law changes to support an off-field head injury assessment (HIA), the introduction of an operational definition of concussion3 and mandatory stakeholder concussion education. These and other initiatives are thought to be key factors for the year-on-year increase in the reported incidence rate of match concussion within the English professional game over the period 2009–2016.2 Although much has been done to improve the awareness, identification and management of concussion in rugby, there has been little progress regarding primary prevention of the injury.4
The tackle is the most injurious match event in professional rugby union1 with high speeds, high tackle height and front on tackles increasing the risk of injury within the tackle.5–7 The majority of concussions occur in the tackle8 making it a focus for concussion prevention. However, the tackle characteristics associated with concussion in professional rugby union are not understood. In one recent study of 52 head impacts, tackler head placement and high-speed tackles were significant risk factors for head impact.9 However, whether the player was subsequently diagnosed with concussion was unknown. To our knowledge, no large-scale video analysis study investigating tackle-specific risk factors of time-loss concussion in rugby union exists. Thus, we investigated the association between tackle characteristics and clinically diagnosed concussion to inform future game-wide injury prevention initiatives.
This case–control study was conducted in a population of 2029 first team male professional rugby players competing in three major professional rugby union competitions (The English Premiership, The Pro 12 and The Rugby World Cup). Data were collected over three seasons (2013/2014, 2014/2015 and 2015/2016). Written informed consent was obtained from each participant.
A single experienced game analyst coded tackle events that led to a clinically diagnosed concussion (hereafter known as concussion), using a predefined coding matrix on a bespoke analysis platform (Fair Play Pty Ltd, Australia). For the purpose of this study, and in agreement with a previous study,5 the definition of a tackle used for the study was based on World Rugby law10 and was defined as ‘any event where one or more tacklers attempted to stop or impede the ball carrier whether or not the ball carrier was brought to ground’.
Over the period of data collection, the HIA process was in place in order to aid both clinical decision making (in-game) and subsequent diagnosis (postgame) of concussion. This three-point time assessment process3 was consistent over the study period and was the operational process that informed the clinical diagnosis of concussion made by the team doctors in this study. Concussion cases that occurred in domestic competition were reported in each union’s respective, well-established injury surveillance system. Similarly, concussions that occurred during the Rugby World Cup (RWC) 2015 were reported via the RWC injury surveillance system. All three surveillance systems used consistent definitions and were aligned with the consensus statement for the reporting of injuries in rugby union.11 These systems reported detailed injury information (such as injury date, competition, playing position, injury event and time of injury) to help identify the specific match event that led to the player being diagnosed with concussion. Any concussions reported as delayed or evolving were not included in the study as they could not be directly associated to a specific match event.
The coding matrix applied to each video clip comprised 15 categorical variables, the majority of which described characteristics of the tackle but also included pretackle characteristics (such as player position and preceding event). The coding matrix was developed from the templates used in previous studies investigating tackle injuries in professional rugby union.5–7 The variables reported in this study were: identification of the accelerating player, tackler speed, contact type and tackle type. The inclusion of these variables specifically was determined by the modelled degree of importance of each variable (see data analysis section below).
In addition, a control group of 4619 tackles that did not result in a concussion were coded from 28 matches in representative professional rugby competitions. These were coded by the same analyst to calculate frequency of occurrence in normal match play and to help quantify the value of any potential recommendations for the game on concussion risk. Video clips were excluded if: (A) the quality of the video footage did not allow the match event to be clearly observed or (B) the footage was of insufficient quality to apply the coding template to the tackle.
All estimations were made using R (V.3.3.1, R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria). First, in order to establish the importance of each coded variable in predicting the risk of concussion in the tackle, a machine learning model was used to identify the variables that, when removed from the model, were associated with the largest increase in concussion prediction error (ie, the variables that were associated with the biggest decrease in predictive accuracy when they were not included). This was performed using the variable importance feature within the randomForest package,12 with an increase in mean square error (MSE) of 20% set as a threshold for retaining variables.13 This then also allowed us to select the most parsimonious model for further statistical analysis.14 Subsequently, a multivariate generalised linear model (GLM), with binomial distribution and logit link, was used to model the associations between the different scenarios within each retained variable and risk of concussion. Correlation coefficients between the variables, alongside variance inflation factors (VIFs), were used to detect multicollinearity between the predictor variables. A VIF of ≥10 was deemed indicative of substantial multicollinearity.15 The most frequently occurring category within each variable was used as the reference condition. The resultant ORs were plotted against the overall frequency of each tackle characteristic, to allow interpretation of both the risk associated with the given tackle characteristic and the regularity with which it occurs.16 The associated 95% CIs were used to represent the likely range of the true value.
Magnitude-based inferences were used to provide an interpretation of the real-world relevance of the outcomes.17 The smallest important increase in injury risk was a relative risk of 1.11, and the smallest important decrease in risk was 0.90.18 Effects were classified as unclear if the percentage likelihood that the true effect crossed both positive and negative smallest worthwhile effect thresholds were both greater than 5%. Otherwise, the effect was deemed clear and was qualified with a probabilistic term using the following scale: <0.5%: most unlikely; 0.5%–5%: very unlikely; 5%–25%: unlikely; 25%–75%: possible; 75%–95%: likely; 95%–99.5%: very likely; >99.5%: most likely.19
Two hundred and forty-seven concussions where the player was permanently removed from play were identified through interrogation of the three primary injury surveillance systems. Sixty-five of these were excluded due to either (A) insufficient video quality or (B) not being able to identify the causal event in the video. This left 182 concussions that were sustained in 171 matches available for further analysis in this study. Of the 182 concussions, 70% of concussions were sustained to the tackler and 30% to the ball carrier.
Within the statistical model, the most important variables (ranked from highest to lowest) for predicting concussion outcome were: accelerating player (percentage increase in MSE when the variable was removed: 86%), tackler speed (78%), head contact type (31%) and tackle type (25%) (figure 1). Within the accelerating player variable, there was a most likely higher risk of concussion if the tackler was accelerating into the tackle (OR: 2.49, 95% CI 1.70 to 3.64) and a likely higher risk when both players accelerate into the tackle (OR: 1.44, 95% CI 1.01 to 2.04) when compared with an accelerating ball carrier (figure 2). Similarly, when the tackler was moving at high speed, there was a most likely higher risk of concussion (OR: 2.64, 95% CI 1.92 to 3.63) when compared with the reference scenario of low speed (figure 3).
Head contact with the opposing player’s head (OR: 39.9, 95% CI 22.2 to 71.1), ground (OR: 21.8, 95% CI 7.8 to 61.3) and knee (OR: 20.3 95% CI 10.2 to 40.3) had
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دیگر محقق میشود، گفت: نرخ تورم تا یکماه آینده به مرز تک رقمی میرسد.
معاون فرهنگی، اجتماعی وزیر تعاون، کار و رفاه اجتماعی گفت: سهام عدالت به کارگران فصلی و ساختمانی در 15 استان کشور پرداخت می شود.
به گزارش ایرنا، ˈکاوه اشتهاردیˈ از آغاز پرداخت نهایی این سهام در استان های ایلام، کهکیلویه و بویراحمد، هرمزگان، چهارمحال و بختیاری و خراسان جنوبی از هفته گذشته خبر داد.
وی اضافه کرد: پرداخت این سهام در 10 استان کرمان، یزد، مرکزی، سمنان، زنجان، قزوین، بوشهر، اردبیل، قم و گلستان نیز تا چند هفته آینده آغاز می شود.
وی گفت: در راستای پرداخت این سهام در مجموع دو میلیون و 300 هزار کارگر در سطح کشور مورد پایش اطلاعات قرار گرفته اند.
وی با بیان اینکه هم اکنون 10 میلیون نفر کارگر بیمه شده تامین اجتماعی در کشور وجود دارد افزود: این تعداد با احتساب افراد زیرپوشش بیمه، مستمری بگیر و خانواده تحت حمایت کارگران به 35 میلیون نفر می رسد.
وی اعطای کارت اعتباری خرید برای هر یک از کارگران به مبلغ 15 میلیون ریال خبر داد و گفت: کارگران با استفاده از این کارت می توانند کالاهای تولید داخل را خریداری کنند.
معاون فرهنگی، اجتماعی وزارت تعاون، کار و رفاه اجتماعی با اشاره به اینکه این کارت ها به صورت تسهیلات قرض الحسنه اعطا می شود، افزود: بانک های توسعه تعاون، رفاه کارگران و صندوق مهر امام رضا(ع) متولی اعطای این کارت ها است.
اشتهاردی یادآور شد: با توجه به پیشتاز بودن خراسان جنوبی در این زمینه، نخستین کارت های اعتباری خرید برای کارگران در دهه فجر امسال در این استان توزیع می شود.Halk Edebiyatı
Büyükanne ve büyükbabanın sevdiği herhangi bir eski hikâye ya da ezgiyi hatırlıyor musun, yoksa belki de her yolculukta bir balık yakalayan birinin hikayesini duyuyor da olabilirsin. Bunlar ve muhtemelen daha önce duyduğunuz öyküler ve şarkılar Halk Edebiyatı’nın örnekleridir.
Şarkı söyleme veya hikâye anlatımının sözlü gelenekleri olarak kısaca tanımlanabilecek Halk Edebiyatı, en eski edebi akımlardan biridir. Bu şarkıları ya da öyküler yazıldığında, sözlü geleneklerin korunması, halk edebiyatının en temel özelliklerinden biridir.
Peki Halk Edebiyatı ile ilgili en çok merak edilen soruyu soralım o zaman: Kim yazdı? Hala bilinen Batı Halk Edebiyatı örneklerinden bazıları, Sümer (Gılgamış) ve Yunanistan (Iliad&Odyssey) destanlarında bulunabilir. İnsanlar bu devasa eserleri ve diğer halk şarkılarını binlerce yıl boyunca tek bir yazara atfetmeye çalışmış olsalar dagerçek şu ki, bunu kesinlikle herhangi bir kesime yad a kişiye endeksleme yapamayız.
Bunun nedeni, Halk Edebiyatı’nın geleneksel olarak yazılı kelimeden ziyade geleneksel olarak aktarılan bir miras olarak – gerçekten bir kültürün ürünü değil, yaşayan bir birey olmasındandır. Öte yandan, halk edebiyatının, daha önce sadece ağızdan dolaşan bir eser ya da öykü olduğu söylenebilir.
Örneğin, Grimm kardeşlerin peri masalı Cinderella’nın versiyonuna aşina olabiliriz, ama bu hikâyenin diğer pek çok biçimi de var. Fakat artık bu tüm insanların ortak birer paydası olmuştur.This article needs additional citations for verification. (February 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
|North Uist, Outer Hebrides in Scotland|
Radar dome at RRH Benbecula
(Gaelic for Watchful or On Guard)
|Type||Remote Radar Head|
|Owner||Ministry of Defence|
|Operator||Royal Air Force|
|Controlled by||No. 1 Group (Air Combat)|
|Radar type||Lockheed Martin AN/TPS-77|
|Occupants||Radar Flight (North)|
Remote Radar Head Benbecula or RRH Benbecula, is an air defence radar station operated by the Royal Air Force. It is located at Cleitreabhal a'Deas, 17 kilometres (11 mi) from Lochmaddy on North Uist in the Outer Hebrides of Scotland.
The radar site was previously known as RAF Benbecula, the name having previously been associated with an RAF airfield on the island and a nearby weapons testing range, which is now known as MOD Hebrides.
An airfield has existed on Benbecula since 1936 when Scottish Airways began operating to what was known as Balivanich Airfield, located on the north west corner of the island.
Between 1941 and 1942, during the Second World War, the airfield became RAF Benbecula, when it came under the control of the Royal Air Force's Coastal Command. During this period it was home to aircraft carrying out patrols in the Atlantic, protecting shipping convoys from German U-Boats. Such missions were carried out by the Lockheed Hudson and latterly the Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress and Vickers Wellington.
It later became the control centre for the nearby Hebrides Rocket Range.
At its peak, RAF Benbecula had several thousand troops stationed at the station and at several other sites around the islands.
The following units were based at the airfield at some point:
- No. 36 Squadron RAF.
- No. 179 Squadron RAF.
- No. 206 Squadron RAF.
- No. 220 Squadron RAF.
- No. 304 Squadron RAF.
- No. 455 Squadron RAF.
After the Second World War, the airfield became Benbecula Airport, a civilian airport serving the Outer Hebrides.
Although now a civilian airfield, a military presence remained and the RAF Benbecula name continued when a radar station was established. A control and reporting centre, part of the UK Air Surveillance And Control System (ASACS), was constructed at the airfield which linked it to RAF Buchan in Aberdeenshire.
The station was downgraded in the late 1990s to a remote radar head and the RAF pulled-out of the main airfield site at Benbecula. Initially under the command and control of RAF Buchan, responsibility was transferred to RAF Boulmer in Northumberland in September 2004.
Benbecula operated several radar types until the Type 92 (more widely known out-with RAF service as the Lockheed Martin AN/FPS-117 ) came into service in the 1980s. The Type 92 was replaced in 2015 with a new Lockheed Martin AN/TPS-77 system. The new radar was funded by wind farm developers and was installed in order to help reduce the impact of interference from wind turbines.
The British Army also had a large presence in the Outer Hebrides, operating an artillery range on South Uist. This role was passed to the Defence Evaluation and Research Agency (eventually to become QinetiQ), who remain at the Benbecula and South Uist sites, collectively known as MOD Hebrides.
The radar collects data as part of the UK Air Surveillance And Control System (ASACS) based at RAF Boulmer. From there the station is monitored and controlled to support the creation of the recognised air picture for the United Kingdom. The radar site also accommodates several types of VHF and UHF ground-to-air transmitters.
Radar Flight (North) of the ASACS Engineering & Logistics Squadron based at RAF Boulmer has command and control of RRH Buchan and ensures its operational availability.
- "About Us - Benbecula Airport". Highlands and Islands Airports Limited. Retrieved 23 October 2017.
- "Marking the 75th anniversary of Western Isles air bases". Stornoway Gazette. 27 March 2016. Retrieved 23 October 2017.
- Jefford 1988, p. 37.
- Jefford 1988, p. 65.
- Jefford 1988, p. 69.
- Jefford 1988, p. 72.
- Jefford 1988, p. 85.
- Jefford 1988, p. 93.
- "Benbecula Airport, Airfield". Canmore - National Record of the Historic Environment. Retrieved 23 October 2017.
- "RAF Boulmer". Royal Air Force. Retrieved 2009-08-22.
- "Minutes of the Aviation Management Board Meeting - 17 July 2015" (PDF). GOV.UK. 17 July 2015. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
- Sudbry, Amy (24 February 2014). "MOD radar upgrades: Buchan and Benbecula". Pager Power. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
- "MOD Hebrides". LTPA. Qinetiq. Retrieved 23 October 2017.
- "Radar Flight North". RAF Boulmer. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
- Jefford, C.G, MBE, BA, RAF (Retd). RAF Squadrons, a Comprehensive Record of the Movement and Equipment of all RAF Squadrons and their Antecedents since 1912. Shrewsbury, Shropshire, UK: Airlife Publishing, 1988. ISBN 1-84037-141-2.Subdelegation is the process of assigning a separate zone file and authority to a child node of a parent zone. In many cases, where a domain may not be owned by a given entity, but control over a certain part of that name is being granted, subdelegation is the answer. This is applicable to both forward and reverse DNS zones.
Subdelegation of a Forward DNS zone
Quite simply, this involves creating NS records on a certain hostname to tell the DNS resolver where to look for a zone file.
Let’s say those enterprising fellows over at example.com decided to embark on an experimental project where they happened to be running their own DNS for a certain resource. Knowing full well that everything in this subdomain would be handled by that authoritative server, and not NS1, they went into their account and put NS records in place where they would otherwise have put an A, AAAA or CNAME record.
Upon successful record creation, and saving the changes, queries for newproject.example.com are now being handled by the server specified in the NS record for that name.
Subdelegation of a Reverse DNS zone
Reverse DNS, for the uninitiated, is exactly what it sounds like it is. Instead of looking for a number assigned to a name, it’s looking for a name that correlates to a given IP address. This is achieved by using pointer records (PTR) that reference the infrastructure top-level domain, arpa. Now, because ‘arpa’ is not something one can just go buy a piece of like com or net, any and all reverse zones are a subdelegation of that top level domain.
More information on setting up Reverse DNS can be found in the NS1 Knowledgebase.Although eyes have turned to Beijing for leadership on climate change after the U.S. withdrawal from the Paris Agreement, China has apparently decided not to rush for the new crown.
In his report to the 19th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party, President Xi Jinping picked the word “torchbearer” (yinlingzhe), rather than “leader” (lingdaozhe), to define China’s role in the global battle against climate change. When was asked why China is not leading on climate change, Xie Zhenhua, China’s chief climate change negotiator, responded that “China is not capable of leading.”
From the Chinese point of view, it is rational to be prudent on leadership regarding climate change. After all, leadership is not without costs, and Chinese leaders have to calculate very carefully. In addition, the diplomatic doctrine set up by Deng Xiaoping — “hide your light and bide your time” — is still lingering in the air. Although China has been behaving more assertively and proactively in global affairs, a leap forward to an explicit leadership role is a huge challenge in any sense.Enjoying this article? Click here to subscribe for full access. Just $5 a month.
However, like or not, leadership on climate change is perhaps not something that China can choose to take or leave. Today, China emits the largest amount of greenhouse gases (GHGs) of any country— even more than the United States and EU28 combined. While China had been employing the terms of per capita and historical cumulative GHG emissions to exempt itself from responsibilities, these measurements are not in China’s favor any longer. Now, China’s per capita carbon emissions are even higher than some developed economies, such as France, Italy, and the United Kingdom, let alone its emerging economy counterparts, such as India and Brazil. With respect to the cumulative emissions, China is no small emitter either and is actually the leading emitter since 1990.
Certainly, it would be unfair not to mention China’s strict measures to contain GHG emissions, which have demonstrated its leadership potential on climate change. China’s clean energy industry has boomed in the past decade from almost nothing to the world leader in various fields, such as solar and wind power capacity. And it is still growing at a stunning velocity. China originally planned to increase its solar PV capacity to 105 GW by the end of 2020, but this target had been easily reached in 2017 – three years ahead of schedule.
With the assistance of clean energy, China will attempt to peak its GHG emissions and reduce carbon intensity by 60 to 65 percent by around 2030. Thought that is ambitious, it is estimated that even greater achievements can be made by China.
China’s efforts to control its GHG emissions are consequences of multiple drivers, for sure, but one fact to be addressed is that China is bearing the brunt of climate change. For China, the last thing it would like to see is the halt of the global carbon reduction process. While China and the United States jointly made the Paris Conference a success, China has no option but stand on its own feet and push GHG reductions forward after the U.S. withdrawal.
Moreover, climate change, although a challenge, is also of great value for China’s diplomacy. Chinese diplomats have been mobilized to “strive for achievements” after Xi took power in 2012, and climate change can serve as an ideal field for a breakthrough. A worldwide consensus exists in fighting against climate change (the United States might be the only exception), which makes it an issue less controversial than, for example, human rights. Besides, China has a good knowledge of and allies in climate change talks. It has long been acting as the implicit leader of the developing camp within the frameworks of the G77 and BRICS. Today, not only the developing countries, but also some developed ones, such as the EU members, are looking to China for leadership. China has reasons to feel confident in playing a leading role in climate change.
Another, but not less important, benefit from taking the lead on climate change is the improvement of China’s prestige. Climate change is perhaps the most fundamental challenge ever confronted by the human race. Leadership here can lift China to the moral high ground, at least on climate change, and help fix China’s global image, which has been damaged by accusations on such issues as human rights and Tibet.
In sum, the U.S. retreat in the face of climate change has put China under the spotlight, where it has no place to hide from a leadership role. Now, Chinese leaders are considering the leadership job with great caution. But, despite all the concerns that are stopping China from making a positive decision, Beijing should recognize that taking leadership will benefit not only the world, but China itself.
Zhang Chao is a Ph.D. at Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain. His research focuses on China’s energy and climate change policies.美国加利福尼亚州伊芙琳和沃尔特哈斯基金会今年1月底公布了对全美范围内非营利机构融资情况的调查报告。报告显示，经济不景气并非当前美国国内艺术机构融资难的唯一原因。根本问题在于，许多艺术机构在融资制度上存在缺陷。如果不对制度设计进行重新规划，融资难还将长期存在。
美国国家艺术基金会的建立标志着美国政府对艺术领域的介入管理，从建立至今50年的发展历程中，美国国家艺术基金会通过资助非营利艺术组织，与各州的艺术机构及其地区组织建立合作基金协议，特别是与其他联邦机构和研究机构确立国家发起项目的合作伙伴关系，支持杰出的艺术作品，推进艺术教育，发展国内艺术。美国国家艺术基金会在艺术资助上有着一套灵活的资金分配原则，其每一美元的拨款将为受益机构吸引七至八倍的资金与之形成配套，是推进美国艺术发展的种子基金，这也是美国政府资助艺术的特色所在。
这份长达36页的研究报告题为《发展欠缺：全美非营利机构融资问题研究》，对美国1852个非营利机构进行了系统调查，其中艺术人文机构所占比重为11%，仅次于公共事务机构。主要受访对象为各机构首席主管和首席融资人，而他们中有相当数量在调查中对所在机构融资情况存在认知差异。报告指出：很多非营利机构的融资已陷入恶性循环，严重威胁了后续融资活动。
1965年成立的美国国家艺术基金会，它的诞生是多年来历史的积淀。上世纪50年代末，经济的发展减小了国家财政支出的压力，这一时期美国国会也开始对联邦政府建立美国国家艺术基金会的事宜表示关注。时任美国副总统的休伯特汉弗莱认为，这种政府资金本质上是一种种子基金，因为种子基金能够生出更多的资金。
报告显示，融资人面临的各方压力非常大，许多人甚至表示自己已濒临崩溃边缘，但所在机构的首席主管和董事会并未给予他们足够支持，也没能从整个机构层面拿出有效的融资计划。近半数受访的首席融资人表示自己计划两年内辞职另谋出路。
NEA资金流通与分配
对同一机构融资效率的评价也从另一方面反映了首席
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الت های بازیافتی اشاره کرد.
در ادامه این نشست محمدرضا حمیدی، معاون نوآوری و اقتصاد دانش بنیان شستا به بیان مطالبی پرداخت.
حمیدی ضمن تاکید بر اهمیت اقتصاد دانش بنیان گفت: در زمینه موضوعی که حضرت آقا با عنوان جهاد تبیین تاکید فرمودند، ما در قامت راهیان پیشرفت آن را دنبال می کنیم.
وی افزود: نفت پاسارگاد جزو پرچم های بلند جمهوری اسلامی است که مجموعه ای با این عظمت و با این کیفیت و کارایی تاسیس شده و الحمدالله زیر نظر مدیریت مدبرانه ای قرار گرفته است و همچنین همکاران شما در حوزه فناوری نیز مانند سایر حوزه ها کارهای بزرگی کردند و نفت پاسارگاد می تواند نمونه ای برای الگوبرداری سایر مجموعه ها باشد که بتوانیم اتفاقات مثبتی که در اینجا افتاده برای سایر مجموعه ها الگوبرداری کنیم.
حمیدی گفت: واحد تحقیق و توسعه نفت پاسارگاد در حوزه فناوری های جدید بسیار خوب عمل کرده و یکی از وجه تمایزات نفت پاسارگاد قدرت در حوزه تحقیق و توسعه بوده است و زحمات بسیار ارزنده ای در این حوزه کشیده اید و به لطف خدا در مسیر رشد و تعالی هستید.
وی همچنین تصریح کرد: حوزه فناوری در بسیاری از شرکت ها متولی معینی ندارد و همین موضوع و غفلت از آن موجب عدم بهره برداری کافی شده است و به همین دلیل شستا در دوره جدید با تدبیر مدیریتی ساختار اندیشکده شستا و معاونت نوآوری و دانش بنیان را تاسیس کرده است.
نفت پاسارگاد با ۶ مجتمع قیرسازی و ۲ پایانه صادراتی به عنوان بزرگترین تولید کننده قیر خاورمیانه شناخته می شود.historical state, Central Asia
Uzbek khanate, any of the three states that ruled Transoxania, in present-day Uzbekistan, before it came under Russian rule in the 19th century. The khanates of Bukhara and Khiva (Khwārezm) were established by two branches of the Shaybānid dynasty, which won control of Transoxania from the Timurids in the late 15th and early 16th centuries. The Shaybānids were replaced at Bukhara successively by the Astrakhanids and the Mangits. A third state, the khanate of Kokand, emerged in the mid-18th century. The whole area came under Russian control in the 1860s and ’70s, but the khans remained as figurehead rulers until after the Russian Revolution of 1917.
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history of the area from prehistoric and ancient times to the present.
(“That Which Lies Beyond the River”), historical region of Turkistan in Central Asia east of the Amu Darya (Oxus River) and west of the Syr Darya (Jaxartes River), roughly corresponding to present-day Uzbekistan and parts of Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, and Kazakhstan. A great centre of...
His guides were Muslim merchants from Transoxania. They had to witness one of the worst catastrophes of history. During 1220–21 Bukhara, Samarkand, Herāt, Ṭūs, and Neyshābūr were razed, and the whole populations were slaughtered. The Khwārezm-Shah fled, to die on an island off the Caspian coast. His son Jalāl al-Dīn survived until murdered...来自 应用 2021-11-05 14:11 的文章
ddos防攻击_北京高防cdn_方法
"这就是为什么他们叫我飞轮海先生，因为我正在以光速修补！"–弗雷迪·墨丘利（ish）。在过去的几个月里，我和我的团队与Cyentia Institute合作，构建数据，开始讲述大公司现代漏洞管理实践的故事。我一直在这里分享这项研究，希望你能像我一样享受这段旅程（以前的帖子可以在这里和这里找到）。今天，防御DDOS的方法，我们发布了第三卷的"预测优先级"系列，让我们更深入地了解不同行业和规模的组织面临的挑战和机遇。我会和你分享的，游戏盾防御cc隐藏ip，但首先，让我们来讨论一下我们是如何来到这里的。第一份报告是对我们基于风险的漏洞管理方法的独立验证，它让我们的客户深入了解了支持Kenna安全平台的决策模型。第二份报告研究了几家公司如何利用该平台对高达20亿个漏洞进行优先级排序，其中5.44亿个被认为是"高风险"，我们甚至对其中的12个组织进行了更详细的抽样调查。这第三卷的"从优先到预测"系列文章更进一步，考察了300多家公司的努力。我们将它们划分为产业集群，并根据其规模进行分析，以确定它们之间是否存在人口统计学差异，ddos攻击与防御电子书，并进一步研究修复工作的速度和能力。我们发现：投资公司、专业服务公司和运输行业在及时修补可利用漏洞方面名列前茅。零售商、医疗机构和保险公司坐在最后面。 开放漏洞的数量与公司规模之间存在着非常强的线性关系。总之，我们发现无论大小公司都有能力关闭其网络上约10%的漏洞。虽然这种关系的强度相当惊人，但如果你仔细想想，这是有道理的。随着网络的复杂性和网络规模的增长，团队的收入也呈指数级增长。平均而言，大型组织需要254天的时间来修复75%的高风险漏洞，而小型组织通常只需59天就可以完成这一任务。大型组织似乎已经接受了这样一种观点，即某些漏洞造成的风险很小。我们发现，这些公司花了非常长的时间来修补没有已知漏洞的漏洞。将高风险漏洞总量与每个组织每月修复的漏洞数量进行比较，33%的组织通过修复比发现的更多的漏洞而取得进展。大约有17%的组织正在跟上新的高风险漏洞的步伐，而50%的组织正在落后，修补的漏洞数量少于每月发现的高风险漏洞的数量。在完成本报告的过程中，我们了解到，有些高绩效行业和组织真正制定了补救策略。请继续关注第四卷，以了解这些组织在漏洞修复竞赛中取得领先地位的不同做法。要快速了解这三份报告，变异cc怎么防御，请查看我与Cyentia Institute的Wade Baker的简短讨论。或者，关于第三卷的更多信息，谷歌ddos防御，请查看新闻稿。وحید تاج به همراه مجید درخشانی 19 مهرماه سال جاری در تالار وحدت به صحنه میرود.
وحید تاج، خواننده در گفت و گو با خبرنگار موسیقی هنرآنلاین گفت: هم اکنون در تدارک و برنامه ریزی برای برگزاری کنسرت هستیم که این کنسرت 19 مهرماه سال جاری در تالار وحدت برگزار می شود.
این خواننده در ادامه افزود: در این کنسرت به همراه گروه "سرو آزاد" به صحنه می رویم که استاد مجید درخشانی در این کنسرت به عنوان نوازنده تار و سه تار حضور خواهند داشت.همچنین علی مصطفوی سرپرستی این گروه را بر عهده دارد.
تاج با اشاره به اینکه این کنسرت شامل دو بخش است، درباره این کنسرت گفت: در این کنسرت قطعات بخش اول در دستگاه افشاری و بخش دوم در دستگاه اصفهان است.
وحید تاج در ادامه درباره اعضا و نوازندگان این گروه گفت: در این کنسرت مجید درخشانی (تار)، مجید محیط (کمانچه)،سید علی مصطفوی (عود)، آرش عزیزی (تار)، حمیدرضا آفریده (کمانچه)، حنانه سعیدی (قانون)، کوروش هوشمند (نی)، حامد حافظی (سنتور)، بهروز شعاعی (تنبک)، فرزانه وثوق رهبر (دف)، نغمه طهرانی (سه تار)، سمیرا گل باز (سه تار) و… از اعضا و نوازندگان این گروه هستند، همچنین من به عنوان خواننده با این گروه همکاری می کنم.
وحید تاج در ادامه از برگزاری کنسرت دیگری خبر داد و گفت: همچنین اواخر این هفته به همراه ارکستر فیلارمونیک ساری در ساری به صحنه می روم که قرار است در این کنسرت قطعات قدیمی برای مخاطبان اجرا شود.
پایان پیام/46For-profit and not-for-profit organizations have one major difference: a for-profit runs with the intention of turning a profit, while a not-for-profit doesn’t. Aside from that element, these organizations are very similar; depending on the type of business you plan to start, you may be able to operate it as for-profit or nonprofit. To make your decision, you should consider the nuanced differences between these two options.
Do You Have the Right Scope?
In Canada, nonprofit organizations operate for the social welfare. That may include civic improvement, pleasure, and recreation. Charities are also not-for-profit, but forming a charity involves additional registration steps. Charities focus on relieving poverty, advancing education, and other beneficial community purposes. To explain, if you’re starting a youth soccer league, you could opt to make it for-profit or nonprofit. Similarly, if you’re opening a tutoring centre for illiterate adults, you could also choose between for-profit or a nonprofit, but in this case, you could take the additional step of registering your nonprofit organization as a charity. Some business ideas simply don’t work as nonprofits or charities; if your idea is outside of this scope, for-profit may be the only option.
Should the Organization Pay Taxes?
Nonprofit organizations and charities are exempt from taxes. In some cases, nonprofits have to pay taxes on capital gains, but registered charities are completely exempt. Because of this, when the organization earns extra money, you can put that money directly back into your mission. In contrast, the Canada Revenue Agency taxes all of the earnings of for-profit corporations and businesses.
What Earning Potential Do You Want?
If you start a for-profit organization, there is no legal limit on the amount of profits you can earn. In contrast, with a nonprofit, the organization doesn’t earn profits, but you can certainly pay yourself a salary. The salary should be commensurate with your skills and comparable to the market rate for that type work. That said, there are no laws limiting how much charity or nonprofit exeucitves can earn, and the managers of many of the country’s top charities make well into the six figures. The income you pay yourself from your charity is subject to personal income tax. If you’re okay with a salary, a nonprofit structure may make sense, but if you want unlimited earning potential, a for-profit business is the better option.
Do You Want to Share Control?
You can run a for-profit organization as a sole proprietor and make all the decisions yourself. If you crave ultimate control over your vision, you may prefer this structure. Generally, with a nonprofit, you need to share control of the organization. A board of directors or an advisory council helps guide the organization and lends legitimacy to your efforts. At the end of the day, you can make the world a better place with a for-profit business or a nonprofit organization. There are advantages and disadvantages to each option. You just need to look at the particulars and decide what works best for your situation.زایمان زودرس در زنان می تواند آثار بدی روی مادر و کودکش داسته باشد. محققاندریافتند که اختلال خواب مادر دردوران بارداری می تواند یکی از علت های زایمان زودرس باشد. در مکتوب زیر بیشتر بخوانید:
طبق نتایج یک مطالعه، اختلالات خواب در طول بارداری ممکن است ریسک زایمان زودهنگام را افزایش دهد محققان دانشگاه کالیفرنیا ۲۲۶۵ زن باردار مبتلا به اختلالات خواب نظیر کم خوابی یا بدخوابی را بررسی کردند.
آنها این زنان را با گروه کنترل زنان باردار فاقد هرگونه ابتلا به اختلال خواب بررسی کردند. البته زنان گروه کنترل هم دارای فاکتورهای پرخطر زایمان پیش از موعد نظیر زایمان زودرس قبلی، سیگار کشیدن در طول بارداری یا فشارخون بالا بودند.
محققان دریافتند نرخ زایمان زودهنگام در بین زنان مبتلا به اختلال خواب ۱۴.۶ درصد و در بین گروه کنترل ۱۰.۹ درصد بود. زایمان زودهنگام به معنای زایمان قبل از هفته ۳۷ بارداری است.
طبق نتایج این مطالعه، خطر زایمان قبل از هفته ۳۴ بارداری در بین زنان مبتلا به اختلال خواب بیش از دو برابر و در بین زنان مبتلا به بیخوابی حدود دو برابر بود.
به گفته محققان، درمان اختلال خواب می تواند نرخ زایمان پیش از موعد را کاهش دهد.
جنیفر فلدر، سرپرست تیم تحقیق، در این باره می گوید: «اختلال خواب یک فاکتور پرخطر قابل اصلاح است.»
محققان اذعان می کنند که رفتار درمانی شناختی با هدف تغییر الگوهای فکری یا رفتاری که در پس مشکلات فرد هستند، می تواند درمانی موثر برای اختلال خواب باشد و نیازی به مصرف دارو توسط زنان باردار هم نباشد.Türkiye'nin Avrupa Birliği (AB) üyeliğine ve göçmenlere karşı tutumuyla bilinen Kuzey Ligi’nin (Lega Nord) partisinin lideri Matteo Salvini, La Stampa gazetesine verdiği mülakatta İslam'a ilişkin olumsuz duruşunu alçakça sözlerle ortaya koydu.
"İSLAM YASA DIŞI BİR DİN"
Daha önce İslam'ın "yasa dışı" bir din olduğunu iddia ettiği hatırlatılan ve bunu neden söylediği sorulan Salvini, "Çünkü İslam, eski yaşam fikrine sahip, kibirli ve tehlikeli" açıklamasını yaptı.
'MÜSLÜMANLAR'IN KONTROLSÜZ GÖÇÜ TEHLİKELİ'
Salvini ayrıca, göçmenleri gerçekten entegre etmek istiyorlarsa, sadece Hristiyan olanları kabul etmenin daha iyi olacağı görüşünü de savundu.SÜRE10:00
Yukarıdaki sayı örüntüsünde A yerine aşağıdakilerden hangisi gelmelidir?
CEVAP: C
Yukarıdaki sayılar sabit farklı bir sayı örüntüsü oluşturduğuna göre A + B toplamı aşağıdakilerin hangisine eşittir?
CEVAP: D
Şerife'nin bahçesine diktiği 3 metre boyundaki bambu fidanı yılda 2 metre uzamaktadır.
Buna göre, bambunun boyu 3. yılın sonunda kaç metre olur?
CEVAP: C
Orhan, her gün bir duvarın 14 metrekaresini boyamaktadır.
4. günün sonunda boyama işi bittiğine göre, bu duvar toplam kaç metrekaredir?
CEVAP: D
Yukarıda sabit farklarla artan iki farklı sayı örüntüsünün ilk üç terimi verilmiştir.
Bu sayı örüntülerinin ikinci terimleri eşitse, üçüncü terimleri olan B ve C sayıları hakkında aşağıdakilerden hangisi doğrudur?
CEVAP: B
Özgür, toplam uzunluğu 100 kilometre olan bir parkuru bisikletiyle tamamlayacaktır.
Başlangıç noktasından geçtikten sonra 4 saat kesintisiz bisiklet süren Özgür'ün 1 saatte aldığı yol 15 kilometre ise, parkuru tamamlamak için geriye kaç kilometre yolu kalmıştır?
CEVAP: A
Yukarıdaki benekler bir şekil örüntüsü oluşturuyorsa, 4. topun üzerinde kaç benek olmalıdır?
CEVAP: A
Yukarıdaki şekil örüntüsünün ilk adımındaki çiçeğin kaç yaprağı olmalıdır?
CEVAP: B
Yukarıdaki şekil örüntüsünde ? yerine hangi şekil gelmelidir?
CEVAP: C
Yukarıdaki şekil örüntüsünün 4. adımında kaç üçgen olmalıdır?
CEVAP: D“Baby Shark” has taken on a whole new meaning. A new study suggests that newborn megalodon sharks were larger in size than most adult humans.
An analysis of the growth rates of ancient oceanic predators, which lived between 23 million and 2.5 million years ago, estimates that sharks began life about 2 meters long, according to researchers on Jan. 11 in Historical Biology.
Otodus megalodon is right up there with Tyrannosaurus rex in the pantheon of fearless extinct predators, but little is actually known about shark biology (SN: 8/10/18). Its skeleton was made of hard-to-fossilize cartilage, so what scientists know comes mostly from fossilized teeth. For example, paleobiologist Kenshu Shimada of DePaul University in Chicago and colleagues previously used megalodon teeth, as well as those of other ancient and modern sharks, to estimate a total adult body length of fish of at least 14 meters (SN: 10/5 / 20).
In the new study, Shimada and colleagues had extra, rare evidence: megalodonic vertebrae. Although shark skeletons are made of cartilage, the spines of animals can be hardened and strengthened by deposits of calcium salts, which can then be fossilized. These vertebrae also preserve the annual growth bands, such as the rings of a tree, which show how the fish grew.
The researchers used an imaging technique called microcomputed tomography to study three well-preserved vertebrae of a shark. Those images revealed 46 growth bands, suggesting that this shark lived to the maturity of 46 years. It is estimated that the creature was about 9 meters long at the time of its death, and the size of the bands suggests that the animal grew at a rate of about 16 centimeters each year. This means that the shark would be about 2 meters long at birth, large enough for a newborn to be a fearsome enemy at sea, scientists conclude.
Shimada’s team has already suggested that while in the womb, megalodon sharks, like some of their modern cousins, were able to feed on eggs without incubating in the womb. That practice can help giant fish gain such a large size even before they enter the world.Engineering Assignment Help
What is Engineering?
The Word Engineering is derived from the ancient word, “Engineer” which means one who operates an engine. Engineering is defined as a vast area of research which has various branches and each branch focusses on the importance of its existence and explaining its technology. Engineering covers mathematical, logical, economic and practical knowledge for developing, designing and maintaining various structures and processes. The foundations of engineering
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Caro Einstein: I matematici trovano la sua versione “vampirica” solo due mesi dopo che è stata scoperta
Risolto il problema del sottospazio: un problema (solo) parzialmente irrisolto
Un sottospazio fisso è uno spazio con un numero infinito di dimensioni. Il problema del sottospazio costante cerca di determinare se, in questi spazi, ogni operatore lineare (equivalente a una matrice) debba avere un sottospazio costante.
In termini più matematici, il problema chiede se qualsiasi operatore lineare finito T sullo spazio complesso di Banach X consente un sottospazio costante non banale M di X, cioè un sottospazio M ≠ {0}, X di X tale che T viene restituito ( M) di nuovo in M.
Le distanze di Banach, in matematica, ma più specificamente nell’analisi funzionale, sono distanze vettoriali modulari (su un sottocampo K di ℂ (generalmente, K = ℝ o ℂ), complemento della distanza generata dal suo modulo). Questo è per un tipo specifico di spazio di Banach chiamato Spazio di Hilbertquesto dubbio rimane, in termini di riflessività.
Il problema invariante del sottospazio è stato formulato in questo modo, ed è sfuggito a qualsiasi tentativo di soluzione dalla metà del secolo scorso. Tuttavia, in realtà, è solo parzialmente risolto. I matematici l’hanno scomposto in pezzi più piccoli nella speranza di arrivarci più gradualmente. Fu Enflo a fare uno degli sviluppi più importanti degli anni ’70, anche se fu pubblicato solo nel 1987.
A quel tempo, ha risposto al problema in senso negativo. Per fare ciò, costruisce un fattoriale sul sottospazio non costante spazio libero di Banach. Il problema esiste ancora per quanto riguarda gli spazi di Hilbert separabili. Dire che questo era il lavoro della sua vita non sarebbe un’esagerazione.
>> Leggi anche : NOVITÀ: un giovane laureato di Oxford risolve un problema di matematica vecchio di 30 anni
La soluzione di Per H. Enflo è ancora allo studio dei colleghi
Trentasei anni dopo aver pubblicato il suo articolo in negativo, Enflo sta cambiando idea sui tergicristalli riflettenti. Spostandosi nel campo positivo, secondo lui, qualsiasi operatore lineare legato a uno spazio di Hilbert avrà già un sottospazio costante.
Tuttavia, la prudenza è ancora d’obbligo. Il documento di Enflo non è stato ancora sottoposto a revisione paritaria. Se la sua soluzione sarà confermata, sarà una vera rivoluzione.
fonti:
Un matematico ha risolto il “problema del sottospazio invariante”? E cosa significa? Nathan Brownlow, Conversazione
Corretti i sottospazi negli spazi di BanachBernardo Bozzami
“Pioniere del caffè a misura di hipster. Creatore amichevole. Analista pluripremiato. Scrittore. Studioso di cibo. Drogato di televisione. Ninja di Internet.”abio Fognini prosegue la sua corsa agli Australian Open. Ancora una vittoria per tre set a zero, su Leonardo Mayer, che conferma il buon stato di forma del ligure che pensa partita dopo partita. "Non guardo il tabellone - ha detto Fognini in conferenza stampa - vado avanti giorno per giorno.
Ho giocato molto bene, solido al servizio e da fondo campo. Peccato per quella piccola distrazione nel terzo set, quando ero avanti di un break e ho rischiato complicare il match. Quel set avrei potuto anche perderlo, invece al tie break ho chiuso la partita senza troppi rischi.
Questo è un torneo in cui ho sempre fatto fatica, mi capita spesso a inizio stagione", ha ammesso. I risultati degli ultimi anni però dimostrano che il trend è cambiato: ottavi di finale nel 2014 e 2018, terzo turno - per ora - quest'anno.
Sabato lo aspetta Pablo Carreno Busta. Avanti tutta anche Camila Giorgi che si è sbarazzata di Iga Swiatek per 6-0 6-2. Sta facendo pochissima fatica finora la maceratese che nel primo turno aveva battuto Danila Jakupovic 6-3 6-0.
"E' solo inizio stagione ma probabilmente sto giocando il mio miglior tennis, sono molto solida soprattutto sul servizio", ha detto Giorgi. "E' il risultato del lavoro fatto in allenamento e in preparazione, ci ho lavorato molto e continuo a farlo."10bet官网中文网址
打开平板，不需要反应时间，或者说反应时间可以忽略不计。21岁的赵心童，在第一轮同样有极为出色表现，在与山姆-贝尔德的比赛中，4-2击败对手而强势晋级。它用我们无法表达的方式来沟通在这个人生地不熟的地方想要整到一个合法的身份简直不要太难。需细嚼慢咽，勿狼吞虎咽
需细嚼慢咽，勿狼吞虎咽。李东垣指出：元气之充足，皆由脾胃之气充盈，而后能滋养元气，强调了脾胃对元气的充养作用每个人都有自己的个性观点，能够相互依赖是最好的。我把所有的感情都告诉您，请给我一份新的爱，让您的话扶平我们的伤害。三、周围神经和神经根损害的感觉性共济失调周围神经和神经根损害的感觉性共济失调有下列特点：双侧肢体对称性病症，如四肢性共济失调或双侧下肢共济失调月经是女性朋友几十年需要注意的老朋友
月经是女性朋友几十年需要注意的老朋友。看过新牧集团，接下来就是自己的身份问题，自己不是米藤星公民。司徒安长点了点头表示同意如果不能改善这一局面的话，彼此的感情并不会被很看好。如果神要求我们都要为敌人祷告，那我们该怎样为本应是一体相亲相爱的那人祷告呢。其中，周跃龙是在一场延期进行的资格赛中，4-1击败Laxman Rawat而晋级到正赛的
其中，周跃龙是在一场延期进行的资格赛中，4-1击败Laxman Rawat而晋级到正赛的特别是对于一些天气转换，季节变化的情况下，这种现象会更加明显。
TAGLIAFERRI ANTONIO.
Brescia, 9 febbraio 1835 - 22 maggio 1909.
Di
nobile famiglia, noto architetto, ha legato il suo nome
ad insegni realizzazioni in città e fuori.
Lo
si ricorda qui brevemente quale allievo della scuola
comunale di disegno, di Giovanni Renica e studente
all'Accademia di Brera dal 1856 al 1859.
Laureato in architettura, soprattutto in questo campo si
è affermato, ma al suoi progetti giovarono non poco le
doti pittoriche e le composizioni del lavori si
impreziosirono delle «armonie coloristiche... che
sorridevano anche in quadretti all'acquarello ch'egli
dipingeva, a suo diletto, fondendo insieme architettura,
figure, sfondi di paesaggio in animate scene di sapore
romantico».
Disegni ed acquarelli ancor oggi custoditi dalla
famiglia.
Fu
anche insegnante nella Scuola comunale di disegno (1867)
e lo si ricorda operoso in seno alla società dell'Arte
in famiglia; impegnato nell'organizzazione di
manifestazioni artistiche, membro di giurie, di comitati
vari.
Non
si ripete qui l'elenco delle sue realizzazioni
architettoniche, per le quali non ha esitato ad
avvalersi di affreschisti come Gaetano Cresseri e Arturo
Castelli. Autore del basamento su cui poggia la figura
di Arnaldo, nell'omonima piazza, dal seri. Ugo da Corno
ebbe l'incarico di sistemare l'antica casa dei podestà
veneti, al piede della rocca lonatese.
Una
mostra di sue opere fu allestita a Palazzo Martinengo da
Barco nel maggio 1910, ricorrendo un anno dalla
scomparsa. («La Sentinella bresciana», 23 maggio 1910).
I
quotidiani dell'epoca dettero risalto all'avvenimento
che richiamò davanti alle numerose composizioni
personalità della cultura e dell'arte.
Ugo
da Corno tenne l'orazione inaugurale, in vece
dell'arch. Arcioni indisposto. Della mostra, voluta
dal figlio Giovanni, resta documentazione nell'opuscolo
edito per l'occasione.
Trattandosi di architetto, più che pittore, si indicano
soltanto le documentazione riunite in A.M. Comanducci,
«Dizionario del pittori... italiani» e nella «Storia di
Brescia».Il nuovo green-and-toothy di Apple tirannosauro Rex le emoji possono essere carine, ma la sua anatomia è selvaggiamente inaccurata, ha detto a WordsSideKick.com un paleontologo.
Per cominciare, i suoi denti inferiori non dovrebbero essere visibili e l'orecchio e la narice sono nei posti sbagliati, ha detto Thomas Carr, un paleontologo vertebrato e professore associato di biologia al Carthage College nel Wisconsin.
Carr avrebbe saputo: ha aiutato a descrivere diversi tirannosauri - tra cui Daspletosaurus horneri, Teratofono curriei, Bistahieversor sealeyi e Appalachiosaurus montgomeriensis - tutti vissuti durante il tardo periodo Cretaceo, prima che l'asteroide di 6 chilometri di larghezza (10 chilometri) si schiantasse sulla Terra, uccidendo i dinosauri non-vivi. [Gory Guts: foto di una autopsia di T. Rex]
Carr ha notato diversi problemi con la nuova emoji dei dinosauri di Apple, che la compagnia aveva in previsione al World Emoji Day (17 luglio) e prevede di renderli disponibili agli utenti entro la fine di quest'anno, insieme a molti altri nuovi emoji, come uno zombie e un "soffiato di mente" " viso. Carr elencò una mezza dozzina di modi T. rex l'emoji è impreciso:
Alla domanda se avrebbe usato il T. rex Emoji, Carr non ha tritato le sue parole.
"Sfortunatamente, non questa versione", ha detto Carr a WordsSideKick.com in una e-mail. "Userei un avatar preciso."
Piuttosto, vorrebbe vedere "la precisione anatomica di base, in particolare la forma del cranio, che presta agli animali gran parte della loro identità e personalità".
Questa è la prima emoji dei dinosauri di Apple, se non si contano gli uccelli, che si sono evoluti dai dinosauri e sono tecnicamente considerati dinosauri viventi.
Ma Apple potrebbe aver ottenuto almeno una cosa giusta: non ha dato T. rex labbra, come alcuni ricercatori (molto probabilmente imprecisi) hanno suggerito la mega-bestia sportiva. (Infatti, Carr e colleghi " D. horneri la scoperta lo ha suggerito T. rex probabilmente non si è incasinato.)
La nuova emoji è anche un passo avanti da Barney, il viola T. rex che ha intrattenuto i bambini in televisione per anni.
"La lezione qui è che non è difficile ottenere i dinosauri nel modo giusto - richiede solo un po 'di attenzione e un input esperto per disegnare un'icona stilizzata, ma accurata", ha detto Carr. Ha aggiunto che se Apple sta cercando suggerimenti per le emoji dei dinosauri, il 75 milioni di anni Daspletosaurus horneri sarebbe una scelta terrificante.
Apple non ha risposto immediatamente al commento sulla sua precisione T. rex, ma WordsSideKick.com aggiornerà la storia se la società risponde.
Articolo originale su WordsSideKick.com.如果您的家已经建立了一个池塘，它是一个好主意，以补充装饰小溪。
的它不仅讨好眼球，同时也带来清凉在炎热的一天，创造在花园里的最佳气候。目前的水提供氧气植物和动物。
该装置是一种人工流可以用于各种地形的简单的解决方案。正确的装饰弹簧设计，使您的客人谁不知道它的起源，决定这个田园诗的缩影水在你的领域是自然遗产。
这种流的建立，需要从景观设计师和液压工作的工程师的知识，一定的创造性。重要的是，该信道被精心打造，河流和海滩加固正确，应该有一个地方的积水或溢流在边缘的。如果你闭上你的网站有没有天然资源，也许是你最好的选择将是一个封闭的系统，其中的同体积水抽各地。这是很容易组织水过滤并除去树叶和树皮碎片从树木。
原始（主）点为装饰流应是合适的巨石或岩石具有粗糙表面。与供水一蒙面软管的帮助 - 它会创建一个天然来源的印象。从你的想象力将取决于流是否立即落入池塘，或预流过的石阶，以及其他设计对象。在任何情况下，你需要电动泵提供水循环。
如果你的装饰流有一个大的程度上，它会占用大量的空间，在花园里。电气工程与否，在深水区仍然存在，鸟儿会飞到那里洗澡或喝。这些槽需要种植各种植物，但仔细，使水依然清澈浑浊。厚砾石层将提供约植物土壤稳定性。一旦你种植的植物，水应该开始平缓，没有太多的压力。仅一个月后，当扎根种植，水压力可以增加 - 土地不会污染河涌。如果海岸计划种植的观赏植物流床挖约50厘米深，如果流不设计为30厘米岸边的植物足够的深度。
如果你的装饰流累积过量的水，它们可以被除去，竖立的小出口流，这将引导该流的一部分进入井中。流放电扩散膜的床，其中，所述边缘掩盖野生植物和石块。因此，有可能获得自然的水输送槽。
装饰流将看起来更自然，如果没有播种，虽然漂亮，但是不适合水生植物，如玫瑰，康乃馨等。降落在小河装饰套装马蹄莲湖畔，蒲草，草甸茶叶，珍珠菜，勿忘我沼泽，mimulyus，爱哭鬼，草，婆婆键，欧洲各地。
布鲁克本身不能这样做“野”放在旁边的浴缸洗手或搭在水障碍小花园大桥，创建整个乐团的完善视图。板凳雕刻石头或木头允许一会儿散步坐下来，聆听大自然的音乐，欣赏组成的美丽。October 21, 2015 is the day that Marty McFly and Doc Brown arrived in the future in Back to the Future II. That day was a shock to Marty with shoes that tied themselves, flying cars, robots, hoverboards, Mad Max themed clothing, and a showing of Jaws 19.
We haven’t exactly reached all of these milestones, but some super-futuristic technology is actually a reality to millennials today. Pop culture references to futuristic technology or spy gadgets have been rampant in popular television and movies such as Star Trek, Star Wars, Back to the Future, The Fifth Element, Batman, iRobot, and The Hunger Games. Many of these films depict technology that we currently use or have surpassed.
In reality, most people don’t have robots, write with 3-D pens, or own self-driving cars, but the technology does exist even if it isn’t commonplace. There was a time when having a television in your home was a big deal, so don’t lose hope for your hoverboard. So much technology that seemed unrealistic just a few years ago has evolved in a very short time span.
The Future is Here
One staple for the future according to many pop culture references is the existence of robots. While we may not have an R2 Unit from Star Wars or a household robot like Rosie from The Jetsons, robots are a very real part of today’s society. Robotics is a branch of engineering and computer science that deals with the design of robots. It’s huge in today’s society ranging from humanoid robots, industrial robots, and mobile robots. We have drones, a rover on Mars, robotic limbs, and a slew of other robotic technology being used worldwide. Drones, for instance, aid in hurricane research, help track disease, and aid law enforcement, among others. Robots like those used in iRobot might not be real quite yet, but Roombas most certainly are.
Kids aren’t running around the streets with hoverboards instead of skateboards just yet, but the technology finally exists. In June of 2015, Lexus released a video showing the hoverboard they developed that works using liquid-nitrogen-cooled superconductors and permanent magnets. So far it seems as though these hoverboards can only hover over special metallic surfaces. Perhaps the technology will exist one day for them to travel over any surface, or skate parks will be made out of the special metallic surface, but the technology to levitate off the ground is still pretty amazing. Perhaps Back to the Future is right on this one and they won’t work over water.
It’s not just 3D films that have a hold on 3D technology any longer; 3D pens and 3D printers are not only realities in technology but are also more accessible to consumers than other types of new technology. The 3D pen was first released back in 2013 and shared the amazing technology to draw tangible models that were in three dimensions. In 2015 a new model of the same technology came out that was just a little more comfortable and user friendly for the everyday consumer. Similarly, the 3D printer tangibly creates three dimensional objects but from a digital file. When the technology was first created it was extremely expensive and not readily available to the public, but the latest 3D technology is accessible to the public. We aren’t exactly printing copies of humans like in The Fifth Element quite yet, but maybe someday.
Driverless cars are a huge sign of futuristic technology. Imagine a world where seniors can still drive, drunk driving is a non-issue, and distracted driving is mere history. Google has started the self-driving car project that makes this technology a reality. So far the self-driving car isn’t available for the public but the plan is to release it to the public in 2017. Google’s self-driving car doesn’t quite match the self-driving car in Total Recall that had a robot driver but
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but it sure will work as one. Simply place pairs of cards face-side down on the carpet, each with an action verb...
K - 1st English Language Arts CCSS: Adaptable
Introduce Vocabulary: Froggy Goes to School (London)
Just like your budding readers may have felt, Froggy is nervous on his first day of school. Use Johnathan London's book Froggy Goes to School to practice vocabulary in context. Prior to reading the story aloud, pre-teach the new words...
K - 3rd English Language Arts
Picture Fists Full of Kisses
Ease children's back-to-school jitters with this primary grade lesson based on the book The Kissing Hand by Ruth E. Harper. Starting off with a singing of the song "I Wish I Had a Little Red Box", children go on to discuss and create a...
Pre-K - 2nd Math CCSS: AdaptableBeh, i film sui supereroi sfondano spesso il botteghino, e direi che fin che è così non smetteranno sicuramente.
Tornando a Batman, per stare nella justice league devono farlo molto più simile a quello del fumetto, cioè cupo, cinico e incredibilmente astuto/intelligente, ben più dell'uomo di Nolan.
Batman, tra l'altro, è il più temuto della Justice League, per ammissione stessa degli altri membri.
Infatti. Secondo me possono cominciare a usare un batman più fumettoso, intelligente, molto, ma sopratutto cinico. Io lo adorerei. Anche perché poi ci sarebbe SUperman a fare la parte del ""buono""به گزارش تابناک اصفهان به نقل از روابط عمومی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، طاهره چنگیز اظهار داشت: بیش از پنج هزار میلیارد ریال بدهی سازمان های بیمه گر به دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان است.
وی بیان داشت: انباشت مطالبات دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان از سازمان تامین اجتماعی در وضعیت فوق بحرانی قرار گرفته است.
رئیس دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان ادامه داد: نپرداختن این مبلغ در روند ارائه خدمات درمانی به مردم تاثیر نامطلوب خواهد گذاشت.
وی گفت: دانشگاه در تلاش است که گرفتاری های ناشی از عدم ایفای تعهدات سازمان تامین اجتماعی به مردم و قشر کارگری تسری پیدا نکند.
چنگیز اضافه کرد: بدهی سازمان های بیمه گر به دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان با وجود پیگیری و تاکید مسئولان بر رفع این مساله، همچنان ادامه دارد.
وی ادامه داد: آنچه دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان از بیمه ها طلب دارد بابت خدماتی است که اسناد آن به سازمان های بیمه گر تحویل داده شده و آنها تحقق این خدمات را تایید کرده اند.
رئیس دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان گفت: در سال ۹۵ بدهی سازمانهای بیمهگر به این دانشگاه بیش از 4800 میلیارد ریال اعلام شده که این امر باعث بروز مشکلات و محدودیت هایی در بخش های مختلف درمان و بهداشت اصفهان و پرداخت کارانه پزشکان و پرستاران شده است.
وی گفت: ۲۵ درصد از مطالبات مربوط به دارو و تجهیزات است که در واقع، پولی است که دانشگاه پیش از این، هزینه و پرداخت کرده است.
چنگیز گفت: پس از آن بود که دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان اول بهمن سال ۹۵ اعلام کرد که به دلیل بدهی سازمان تامین اجتماعی به این دانشگاه، قرارداد خود با بیمه تامین اجتماعی را بطور موقت تعلیق می کند و تعرفه های درمانی در برخی بیمارستان های دولتی اصفهان از دوم بهمن برای بیماران غیر اورژانسی و کلینیک ویژه، بصورت آزاد ( با تعرفه دولتی) محسوب می شود.
وی اظهار داشت: به دنبال این تصمیم، جلسه ای در استانداری اصفهان با حضور استاندار وقت اصفهان و رئیس دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و مدیران برخی از سازمان های بیمه گر اصفهان تشکیل و توافق شد که سازمان تامین اجتماعی بدهی خود به دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان را در چند مرحله در بهمن همان سال پرداخت کند و پس از آنکه درصدی از این بدهی در مرحله نخست واریز شد، به تبع آن موضوع پذیرفته نشدن بیمه تامین اجتماعی در بیمارستان های تابعه دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان نیز اجرایی نشد.From humble beginnings, in the course of three centuries the Portuguese built the world's first truly global empire, stretching from modern Brazil to sub-Saharan Africa and from India to the East Indies (Indonesia). Portugal had established its present-day borders by 1300 and the following century saw extensive warfare that confirmed Portugal's independence and allowed it to aspire to maritime expansion, sponsored by monarchs such as Prince Henry the Navigator.
Intent on finding a sea route to the source of the lucrative spice trade, the Portuguese discovered a route down Africa's western coast, employing the innovative caravel, a vessel that could be sailed closer to the wind than any other in use at the time. In 1488 Bartolomeu Dias rounded the Cape of Good Hope and ten years later Vasco da Gama reached India. In 1500 Pedro Alvares Cabral discovered Brazil and the Portuguese began to exploit the fabulous natural wealth of the Americas.
Victory over the Mamluks at the Battle of Diu (1509) handed the Portuguese control over the Indian Ocean and allowed them to capture a succession of key ports such as Ceylon, Goa and Malacca. Portuguese sailors continued to explore the coasts and islands of East Asia, and by 1580 a network of outposts linked Lisbon to a vast trading empire that stretched as far as Japan. The period closed with Portugal and its empire passing to Spanish control for 60 years from 1580.
During this nearly 300-year period, the Portuguese fought alongside other Iberian forces against the Moors of Andalusia; with English help successfully repelled a Castilian invasion (1385); and fought the Moors in Morocco, Africans, the Ottoman Turks, and the Spanish in colonial competition. The colourful and exotic Portuguese forces that prevailed in these battles on land and sea are the subject of this book.
About the Author
David Nicolle, born in 1944, worked in the BBC's Arabic service for a number of years before gaining an MA from the School of Oriental and African Studies, London, and a doctorate from Edinburgh University. He has written numerous books and articles on medieval and Islamic warfare, and has been a prolific author of Osprey titles for many years.شنبه ۶ مرداد ۱۳۹۷ در ۱۶:۲۷
رعنا: به نظر تو ممکن است مردی زنی را ببوسد بی آنکه او را دوست داشته باشد؟
“تمام مردهایی که این کار را می کنند، همان لحظه آن زن را دوست دارند، اگر نداشته باشند خودشان را وادار به چنین کاری نمی کنند.همان موقع مردها خیلی پر احساس اند…اما فردای آن روز می توانند آدم دیگری بشوند.
“چیزی که زن ها نمی بینند یا نمی خواهند ببینند،فکر می کنند آن ها هم مثل خودشان اند، که ساعت ها توی ذهنشان، با این چیزها ور بروند و اسیر شوند. برای مردها یک بوسه فقط یک بوسه است ولی زن ها شصت تا چیز دیگر از آن می سازند.”Am I disinterested or uninterested? Does this require a that or a which? And when, if ever, should I be using the word "very"?
We're not looking to start a mutiny here, but according to former dictionary editor Ammon Shea, the rules of English are not as clear as we may believe them to be.
The English language has been evolving for hundreds of years. There have always been critics and there have always been those charting new territory into the linguistic unknown.
Shea's new book, "Bad English: A History of Linguistic Aggravation," comes out tomorrow and is billed as a celebration of grammatical sins of sorts.
And he says that new words, with new meanings and new rules of grammar, are all just signs of a healthy thriving language.
"Everybody who has ever tried to suffer through trying to reading Beowulf or anything that's more than 100-years-old in English prose knows that the language changes and that words mean different things," says Shea. "But one of the things that I think is often overlooked is that the rules that ostensibly govern our language change as well."
As a society changes over time, so too does the society's language. Shea says that during the early 20th century, language commenters thought that the world "dilapidated" should only be used to refer to a stone house because it came from the world lapis.
"Any fool would know that it couldn't possibly apply to a wood house," says Shea. "But then, of course, we don't pay any attention to that now."
In the second half of the 19th Century, an American by the name of Richard Grant White wrote the book "Words and Their Uses, Past and Present: A Study of the English Language." Shea says that Grant White, a man he considers to be an "utter idiot" despite his education, had an overwhelming desire to correct the language of other people.
Grant White had several language pet peeves, and loathed the word "jeopardize." In his book "Words and Their Uses," Grant White wrote that jeopardize was "a foolish and intolerable word, which has no rightful place in the language."
"He wrote that way about almost everything," says Shea. "He said the same thing about ice cream—he thought it should be 'iced cream,' with a 'D.' He thought 'photographer' was something only fools say because anybody who knows anything about Latin and Greek should know that it's 'photographist.' He thought that 'real estate' was a ludicrous introduction from the realm of law. He went on and on like this."
While Grant White is one of the more extreme examples of a language commenter, Shea says he is not so different from others looking to correct grammatical sins.
"Some of the things that he's saying are really no more extreme than the things that people today say," adds Shea. "I think that changing rules mean that our language is healthy. Healthy languages change, dead languages do not change—that's very simple, and it's been long established."
Listen to the full interview to hear more from Shea.A new study suggests that regularly failing to get a good night’s sleep can increase one’s risk of developing cancer.
The study, which was recently published in the journal Current Biology, involved an examination of mice. The mice had their sleep schedules disturbed.
The result: the mice whose sleep times were thrown off were 20 per cent heavier than other mice. More importantly, their chance of developing cancer went up.
Specifically, researchers found that mice who normally developed breast cancer had cancerous tumors appear after 50-weeks. However those who had their sleep schedules disrupted saw those tumors appear roughly 8-weeks earlier.
“This is the first study that unequivocally shows a link between chronic light-dark inversions and breast cancer development,” the report said.
It’s still too difficult to tell how the results can be linked to humans. But researchers speculate that it could mean an extra eight pounds and the development of breast cancer five years earlier than normal.
One takeaway lesson, according to researcher Gijsbetus van der Horst: women with elevated risk of breast cancer should never perform shift work. “If you had a situation where a family is at risk for breast cancer, I would certainly advise those people not to work as a flight attendant or to do shift work,” van der Horst said.
The study will add to a growing body of evidence which suggests that shift work is dangerous for one’s health–as dangerous, perhaps, as drinking excessively or smoking cigarettes.«رشته کوه های البرز سطح وسیعی از سرزمینمان را درنوردیده است. این کوهها را بچّه های دبستانی ما هم می شناسند، ولی کمتر شده است که دربارۀ معنای لغوی و ریشه یابی خود این کلمه بیندیشیم و تأمّل کنیم. در کتب لغت و نوشته های پیشینیان نیز مطلب قابل تأمّلی در این مورد گفته نشده و یا به دست ما نرسیده است». (مجموعه مقالات در مورد ادبیّات آذربایجان، بهرام اسدی، ارومیه، یاز، چهپ اوّل 1384 ، صفحۀ 25 ). اینها بخشی از نطرات یکی از محقّقان معاصر تاریخ و ادبیّات آذربایجان در مورد وجه نامگذاری کوه البرز است. نویسنده در ادامه با تجزیۀ البرز به دو بخش "آلپ + اوروز" -آلپ به معنی دلاور و قهرمان اوروز نام دو تن از قهرمانان داستانهای دده قورقود- آن را "اوروز قهرمان" معنی کرده و با ذکر شرح حال اوروز، نامگذاری کوه مورد اشاره را از طرف اقوام اوغوز جهت تجلیل این شخص ذکر می کند که طیّ تغییر جزئی تلفّظ به البرز متحوّل شده است: «نظریۀ ما چنین شکل می گیرد که اقوام اوغوز جهت احترام و تکریم قهرمان خود، کوه های عظیم تحت سیطرۀ خود را به نام این دلاور مزیّن می سازند و این اوروز بیشتر می تواند اوروز پسر قازان خان باشد؛ چنانکه در داستان چهارم از داستانهای دوازده گانۀ دده قورقوت، قازان خان دست پسرش اوروز را می گیرد و جهت نشان دادن قهرمانی های خود و جهت آموختن فنون شکار به فرزند، او را به کوه بلندی می برد و در همین کوه، فرزند پس از نشان دادن رشادتهای چندی، اسیر دشمن می گردد و پس از ماجراهای چندی، آزاد می شود ». (همان - صفحۀ 26 ). نویسنده همچنین با استناد به این نامگذاری، محلّ زندگی اقوام اوغوز را تقریباً منطبق با آذربایجان امروزی دانسته و دانمنه های آن را به کوه های مورد اشاره نیز می رساند. نیز به تبع آن، داستانهای دده قورقود را که ماجراهای دلاوری های اوغوز را بیان می کند، با نام داستانهای اساطیری آذربایجان یاد می کند.
عدّه ای از محقّقین با استناد به این که کوه را در کردی "بُرز" می گویند، بر این عقیده اند که البرز واژه ای کردی است و در ابتدا برز بوده که پس از اسلام به تأسّی از زبان اعراب، البرز مانده است.
برز واژه ای باستانی است که در اوستا به صورت بَرزَه آمده و به معنی کوه است؛ چنانکه در زبان کردی امروز به این معنی به کار می رود. همچنین لقب اَپام نپات ایزد، ایزد آبها و یکی از سه ایزد بزرگی است که لقب "اهوره" (=سرور) دارد و مانند امشاسپندان درخشان است. در متنهای پهلوی به صورت بُرز ایزد یاد شده است. این ایزد کم کم در برابر اردوی سوره اناهیتا رنگ می بازد و قدرت و وبژگیهایش را بعه این ایزدبانو منتقل می کند. بُرزین را نیز نام استاد زرتشت پیامبر (ع) دانسته اند و به گفتۀ روضةالصّفا، او خود نیز پیامبری بود که از شاگردان ارمیای نبی (ع) بود. اگر برزین از این ریشه باشد، معنی کوه مانند و کوه پیکر می دهد. برز ایزد را گفته اند که نیرومند و بلندبالا و دارندۀ اسب تندرو ست و لقب تند یا تیز اسب دارد. (تاریخ اساطیری ایرن، ژاله آموزگار، تهران، سمت، چاپ نهم، بهار 1386 ، صفحۀ 22 ).
همچنین واژگانی مانند "برج" و "بارو" نیز احتمالاً از این ریشه اند.
هره برزه ئیتی اوستایی را به صورت زیر تجزیه کرده اند: هره = مقدّس، برزه = کوه، ئیتی = بلند و نوک تیز؛ و اگر در مورد کوه به کار برده شود، یعنی مخروطی. چنانچه کوه دماوند به لحاظ شکل مخروطی خود در جهان بی نظیر است. ئیتی در ترکی نیز معنی تیز و برّان می دهد.هره برزه ئیتی یعنی: کوه بلند مقدّس. شباهت نام "حرا" به عنوان یک کوه مقدّس با هره در خور توجّه است.این احتمال هم وجود دارد که اساساً حرف معرفۀ "الـ" در عربی از همین هره ی ایرانی گرفته شده باشد؛ زیرا هره در اوستایی به ابتدای نامهایی چون برزه اضافه شده و جنبۀ تقدّس و اهمّیت به آنها می دهد. الـ نیز همین کارکرد را در عربی دارد و نشانه ای است بر اسامی خاص و با اهمّیت. چه بسا همین الـ است که بهع زبان عربی جنبۀ تقدّس می دهد.
«باید در این مواقع این ملاحظه را هم کرد که نسبت دقّت نظر و موشکافی در هر مسئله که باشد به ملل قدیم دادن، خیال غیر صحیح و توقّع بی جایی است. همان طوری که هنوز آنقدر قوّۀ تمیز نداشتند که اشخاص را به واسطۀ اسم مخصوص از یکدیگر درست تشخیص بدهند، همین طور مقیّد نبودند که امکنه و ازمنه و فواصل و مساحت و سایر چیزهایی را که ما امروز اینقدر اهمّیت می دهیم و در کشف آنها کنجکاوی می نماییم به دقّت شرح و بسط بدهند، هعمین طور ضرورتی حس نمی کردند که برای هر محلّی یک اسمی وضع نمایند که در اتیه آن اسم مخصوص آن محل باشد و تا ابدالدّهر به واسطۀ آن در میان سایر محل و مکان ها شناخته و متمایز باشد. مثلاً وارد یک جلگه می شدند، اسم آن را "جلگه" می گذاردند. یک کوهی را می دیدندف آن را "کوه" می نامیدند. یکشهری را بنا می نهادند و همیشه آن را فقط "شهر" می خواندند. هر قدر جمعیّت و آبادی یک قوم و ملّتی ترقّی می کرد و منازل و مساکن خود را از محلّ اجداد یبسط و تغییر داده به نواحی دیگر نقل و تحویل می نمودند، این اسامی سادل عمومی را هم با خود سیر و گردش می دادند که رفته رفته به واسطۀ فقط اختلاط و امتزالج زبان ها که بعضی اصطلاحات را کهنه می کند، اسم خاصّی می شدند. بنابراین این رسم بلاارداه طبعاً در حدود منطقه محفوظ ماند. فقط در دورانهایی وقایع شبیه به یکدیگر از یک جنس تکرار شدند و عقاید و افکار در رنگ آمیزی بیشتر دقیق شدند، لازم و ممکن یافتند که اسامی و اصطلاحاتی را که سبب تمایز اشیاء می شود مدوّن ساخته به صورت کاتالوگ درآورند. از آن وقت شروع کردند
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冗余, 例如, 0和1之间的边和1到0之间的边相同. 如果只是为了显示, 这样是不错的, 但是在开始探索图的路径之前, 需要调整一下输出.
确定从一个指定的顶点可以到达其他哪些顶点, 这是经常对图执行的操作. 我们可能想通过地图了解到从一个城镇到另一个城镇的路有哪些, 或者从一个机场到其它机场的航班有哪些等.
深度优先包括从一条路径的其实顶点开始追溯, 直到到达最后一个顶点, 然后回溯, 继续追溯下一条路径, 直到到达最后的顶点, 如此往复, 直到没有路径为止. 这不是在搜索特定的路径, 而是通过搜索来查看在图中有哪些路径可以选择.
深度优先: 访问一个没有访问过的顶点, 将它标记为已访问, 再递归去访问在初始顶点的领接表中其它没有访问过的顶点.
要让该算法运行, 需要向Graph类添加一个数组, 用来存储已访问过的顶点(marked), 将它所有元素的值全部初始化为false.Graph类的代码片段显示了这个新数组及其初始化的过程.
广度优先从第一个顶点开始, 尝试访问尽可能靠近它的顶点. 本质上, 这种搜索在图上是逐层移动的, 首先检查最靠近第一个顶点的层, 再逐渐向下移动到离起始顶点最远层.
广度优先算法使用了抽象的队列而不是数组来对已访问过的顶点进行排序. 算法原理:
图最常见的操作之一就是寻找从一个顶点到另一个顶点的最短路径. 考虑下例: 假期中, 你将在两个星期时间里游历10大联盟城市, 去观看棒球比赛. 你希望通过最短路径算法, 找出开车游历这10个大联盟城市, 去观看棒球比赛. 你希望通过最短路径算法, 找出开车游历这10个城市行驶的最小里程数. 另一个最短路径问题涉及创建一个计算机网络时的开销, 其中包括两台电脑之间传递数据的时间, 或两台电脑建立和维护连接的成本. 最短路径算法可以帮助确定构建此网络的最有效方法.
在执行广度优先时, 会自动查找从一个顶点到另一个顶点的最短路径. 例如, 要查找从顶点A到顶点D的最短路径, 我们首先会查找从A到D是否有任何一条单边路径, 接着查找两条边的路径, 以此类推. 这是广度优先算法的过程, 因此我们可以轻松地修改广度优先算法, 找出最短路径.
要查找最短路径, 需要修改广度优先算法来记录从一个顶点到另一个顶点的路径. 需要对Graph类做一些修改.
首先, 需要一个数组来保存从一个顶点到下一个顶点的所有的边. 我们将这个数组命名为edgeTo. 因为从始至终都是使用广度优先算法函数, 所以每次都会遇到一个没有标记的顶点, 除了对它进行标记外, 还会从邻接列表中我们正在探索的那个顶点添加一条边到这个顶点.
我们还需要一个函数pathTp()用于展示图中连接到不同顶点的路径.pathTo()创建一个栈, 用来存储于指定顶点有共同边的所有顶点. 以及一个简单的辅助方法:hasPathTo().
拓扑排序会对有向图的所有顶点进行排序, 使有向边从前面的顶点指向后面的顶点. eg:
这类问题被称为优先级约束调度, 每个大学生对此都很熟悉. 就好像只有先上过大学英语1的课程才能上大学英语2的课程一样.
拓扑排序算法与深度优先算法类似. 不同的是, 拓扑排序算法不会立即输出已访问的顶点, 而是访问当前顶点邻接表中的所有相邻顶点, 直到这个列表穷尽时, 才将当前顶点压入栈中.
拓扑排序算法被拆分为两个方法. 第一个topSort(), 会设置排序进程并调用一个辅助方法topSortHelper(), 然后显示排序号的顶点列表.
主要工作实在递归方法topSortHelper()中完成的. 这个方法会将当前顶点标记为已访问, 然后递归访问当前顶点领接表中的每个相邻顶点, 标记这些顶点为已访问. 最后 将当前顶点压入栈.
Graph类也将被修改, 这样不仅可以用于数字顶点, 还可以用于符号顶点. 在代码中, 每个顶点都只标注了数字, 但是我们添加了一个vertexList数组, 将各个顶点关联到一个符号(上面的课程名称).
下面将展示整个部分的完整定义, 包括用于拓扑排序的方法, 以确保Graph类的新的定义更清晰.showGraph()方法也将被修改, 这样可以显示符号名称而不只是显示顶点数字.Parasite, incassi da record nel Regno Unito: sconfitto The Passion di Mel Gibson
16 anni dopo, Mel Gibson ha dovuto cedere lo scettro a Bong Joon Ho.
Tornato a girare in Corea del Sud, Bong Joon-ho torna a Cannes a due anni da Okja. Leggete la nostra recensione di Parasite
Cannes 2019, Parasite, recensione: povertà e miseria nella mente di Bong Joon-ho
Tornato a girare in Corea del Sud, Bong Joon-ho torna a Cannes a due anni da Okja. Leggete la nostra recensione di Parasite
Grazie agli 11.458.707 sterline ($ 15 milioni) incassati dal 7 febbraio ad oggi, il film di Bong Joon Ho è diventato il film in 'lingua straniera' ad aver incassato di più sul suolo inglese. Dopo 16 anni di dominio The Passion di Mel Gibson, recitato in latino, in ebraico e in aramaico, ha dovuto cedere il trono. Ad ufficializzare il lieto evento il distributore britannico, Curzon Artificial Eye. Nel 2004 La Passione di Cristo si fermò a quota 11.080.000 sterline.
Oscar 2020, i vincitori: Parasite di Bong Joon-ho fa la Storia, è un trionfo epocale
Epocale trionfo di un film sudcoreano agli Oscar. Mai un film 'straniero' c'era riuscito.
Dopo un primo weekend da record per un film in lingua straniera in Inghilterra, Parasite ha conquistato la seconda posizione 7 giorni dopo, passando da 137 a 428 copie. Una 'febbre' da Parasite che prima del Regno Unito aveva coinvolto un po' tutto il mondo, tanto da spingere la pellicola di Bong Joon Ho verso lo storico e insperato trionfo agli Oscar del mese scorso (criticato da Donald Trump).
Fonte: Deadline一、腕部损伤及防治措施
常见损伤原因：当持拍击球时，手腕快速外展,如果热身活动不充分活动腕关节，平时又较少有意识锻炼腕关节肌肉，加之发力过猛则则容易发生运动损伤。
防治措施：
1、要重视热身活动，腕部要做充分的准备活动。
2、 养成使用护腕的习惯。
3、只发六至七分力，不发死力。
4、轻度损伤时，腕部疼痛、肿胀等症状。二到三天后，用中药熏洗，适当按摩，促进淤血吸收治疗效果好。重度损伤时到正规医院就诊，在医师指导下施治。
二、腰部的损伤及防治措施
常见的损伤原因： 乒乓球运动损伤以腰骶部为最多，约占全部病例的三分之一还多。在乒乓球运动中，人体始终要保持上体前倾的状态，这时，腰椎的棘上韧带始终保持上体前倾的状态，骶棘肌也长时间处于收缩紧张状态，许多运动员在运动结束后不注意放松，致使局部过度...How the United States uses energy
Americans use a lot of energy in homes, in businesses, and in industry, and to travel and transport goods. There are five energy-use sectors:
- The industrial sector includes facilities and equipment used for manufacturing, agriculture, mining, and construction.
- The transportation sector includes vehicles that transport people or goods, such as cars, trucks, buses, motorcycles, trains, aircraft, boats, barges, and ships.
- The residential sector includes homes and apartments.
- The commercial sector includes offices, malls, stores, schools, hospitals, hotels, warehouses, restaurants, and places of worship and public assembly.
- The electric power sector consumes primary energy to generate most of the electricity to sell to the other four sectors.
In addition to primary energy use, the industrial, transportation, residential, and commercial sectors also purchase and use most of the electricity (a secondary energy source) the electric power sector produces and sells. These four sectors are called end-use sectors because they purchase or produce energy for their own consumption and not for resale.
Total energy consumption in the end-use sectors includes their primary energy use, purchased electricity, and electrical system energy losses (energy conversion and other losses associated with the generation, transmission, and distribution of purchased electricity) and other energy losses. Total electrical system energy losses are apportioned to each end-use sector according to each sector's share of total annual U.S. electricity purchases.
U.S. energy consumption increased year over year in 49 of the 69 years from 1949 to 2018. In 2009, this general historical trend of year-over-year increases in energy consumption changed sharply because of the economic recession. In 2009, real gross domestic product (GDP) fell 2.5% compared with 2008, and total energy consumption decreased by nearly 5%, the largest single-year decreases in both real GDP and in total energy consumption from 1949 through 2009.
In the nine years from 2010 through 2018, total annual energy consumption increased in five of the years and decreased in four of the years. In 2018, total U.S. energy consumption reached a record high of about 101 quadrillion British thermal units (Btu), which was about 0.3% higher than the previous record-high consumption in 2007. Economic growth and other factors such as weather and fuel prices can influence consumption in each sector differently.
Last updated: August 28, 2019This article presents some prototypes of conflict situations that follow from different pathways to chaos. The substance of the conflicts can be extracted from empirical analysis using orbital decomposition (symbolic dynamics), nonlinear regression, or simulations, depending on the nature of the problem. Examples from the political science literature are presented. A distinction is also made between conflicts that are centered in chaos and those that are more similar to the hysteresis feature of catastrophe models.
Nonlinear dynamical systems theory (NDS) consists of a group of mathematical concepts for explaining and predicting how events change over time and the interrelationships among those concepts. The primary NDS phenomena are attractors, bifurcations, chaos, fractals, self-organization, catastrophes, and agent-based models. “Chaos” shows up in numerous political writings, denoting a state of disorganization, which is often in contrast to an old order of things that no longer exists. The objective of this article is to explain some of the formalities of mathematical chaos and some applications where relationship of chaos to conflict situations have been studied, and to isolate prototypic patterns of chaotic events that are inherent in some conflict situations.
Before continuing it is fair to point out that there are other NDS constructs that are useful in explaining some types of conflict situations. For instance agent-based models illustrate how individuals working in their own self-interest produce self-organized systems as they interact with other individuals. Self-organized systems often manifest sudden and discontinuous changes that are recognized as catastrophes or phase shifts (Guastello, 2002). Competition-cooperation dynamics are often inherent in those dynamics (Axelrod, 1984; Maynard-Smith, 1982).
Chaos is a phenomenon that we can observe in a time series of events where seemingly random events are predictable with simple but special equations. The phenomenon was first discovered by Henri Poincare, a physicist, who was trying to solve the three-body problem in the 1890s: If we have a speck of dust moving between two gravitational forces, what is the particle’s path of movement? He concluded that the path would be very complex, such that the mathematics needed to describe it did not exist at the time.
Chaos regained notoriety in the early 1960s, when Edward Lorenz (1963), a meteorologist was studying weather patterns using variations of equations for turbulent flows of air or water. He discovered that very small differences in initial states of the weather system could produce some very different results and patterns. This is the principle of sensitivity to initial conditions, which became known soon afterwards as the butterfly effect (Smith, 2007; Sprott, 2003). A substantial amount of mathematical research on chaos was performed soon afterwards, and seemed to reach its peak in the 1980s. Most of the fundamental applications of chaos for explaining events in the social sciences started in the early 1990s.
Chaos has three distinctive features. The first is non-repeating sequences; an example appears in Figure 1. The second is boundedness; the values of the variable being observed stays within a fixed range, even though the movement within the range is unpredictable. The first two properties are really matters of degree.
The third feature is sensitivity to initial conditions: Two points start arbitrarily close together, but become far apart as iteration progresses. Iteration is a computational technique of starting with a number, running it through an equation, taking the result and running it through the same equation again, running the next result through the equation, and so on. It is convenient to regard the behavior of living systems over time as computations, even if the organism is not consciously doing any math.
Pathways to Chaos and Conflict
There are three basic pathways by which a system can become chaotic. The first is an application of the three-body problem. Figure 2 shows a more complicated example (from Borges & Guastello, 1996; Guastello, 2002) of an attractor field with three attractors (A1, A2, A3) of different strengths. The points labeled S are saddles, or compromise points between each pair of competing attractors. The opportunity for conflict here is that, if a point enters the field, it is pulled in different directions in an unpredictable way, as denoted by the tangled thread. A partial solution to the conflict between two attractors, which represent two arguable positions on an issue, would define saddles that could attract points from two directions. What actually happened in the simulation is that a point that indicates the position of the solution entered the field in the neighborhood of A1, visited two of the compromise positions, and landed on A2. The implication, nonetheless, is that bilateral agreements are not going to resolve any conflict if there are three or more interest groups involved; A3 received virtually no attention even though it was as strong as A2. The odds of people changing their preferences for possible solutions often increases as the number of options and the number of interest groups increases. In fact, chaos is more or less guaranteed if there are four participants and four options (Rand, 1978).
The second pathway involves coupled oscillators. A set of three pendula is shown in Figure 3. When Pendulum 1 oscillates, the middle one moves faster and its motion pattern becomes more complex than strictly periodic, and the third swings chaotically. The opportunity for conflict can be found in a coupled system involving, for instance, three organizations in a supply chain. Pendulum #3 does not like being jerked around, and probably cannot function well with all the entropy or unpredictability associated with the motion of the system it is experiencing. In human terms, the uncertainty associated with entropy is equivalent to the experience of risk, which the people or groups that reside later in the chain would like to control.
The third pathway to chaos (Figure 4) involves a bifurcation mechanism and a control parameter that increases the level of entropy in the system. When the value of a control parameter passes a critical value, the system oscillates instead of remaining stable. As the value increases further, the oscillations become more complex, and eventually the system goes into chaos. The bifurcation model was a popular concept in organizational development (Guastello, 2002; Guastello et al., 1995; Michaels, 1989). Moving from left to right in the diagram, the system is initially stable (Period 1). Pressure to change (control parameter) has no effect on the system’s behavior until the control parameter exceeds a critical threshold. At that point the system oscillates between its old behavior pattern and a new one (Period 2). In the period doubling regime we should observe the system making complex shifts among multiple behavior patterns. When the system enters chaos (Period 3), the communication and work flows become very inconsistent from moment to moment, or event to event. It is at this stage that it is possible for the system to self-organize into a new stable pattern and regain its stability by using the new pattern.
On the one hand, the bifurcation mechanism explains how to unravel an otherwise stable system in order to make some needed changes. It also characterizes a group exploring ideas for change that could be opposites of each other. Eventually one would need to reverse the control parameter to bring the system back to stability. On the other hand, the self-organizing process should return the system to relative stability automatically.
Finding Patterns with Symbolic Dynamics
There are actually a few dozen known mathematical systems, all with different equation structures, that produce chaos (Sprott, 2003). It would be virtually impossible to frame a research problem a few dozen different ways as required by each one of the models to see if anything resembling chaos was apparent in the data. Typically problems are defined and understood at a more elementary level, which leads to the same concern. An overview of two types of data analysis strategies that can be used to find patterns in data follows next. The first involves the use of symbolic dynamics and a specific technique called orbital decomposition (Guastello et al., 1998; Guastello, 2000).
Symbolic dynamics is a mathematical area devoted to finding patterns in qualitatively defined events. Orbital decomposition is one of those techniques. It is based on the idea that a time series of events could be as complex as chaos and that the chaos can be decomposed into periodic functions, which are the orbits, that are all intertwined with each other. The procedure begins with
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چهارمین جشنواره طرح های برگزیده دهیاری ها در حوزه فرهنگ و اقتصاد در دوازدهمین سال عمر دهیاری ها شاهد مهندسی مجدد وظایف و اقدامات دهیاری ها با هدف خدمت رسانی بهتر به مناطق روستایی هستیم .
وی افزود سال 93 نخستین همایش علمی مدیریت روستایی از سوی سازمان شهرداری ها و دهیاری ها برگزار شد و وزیر محترم کشور از ما درخواست کرد که زمینه برگزاری جشنواره عملکردهای برتر دهیاری را فراهم نماییم و امروز شاهد تحقق این امر هستیم .
کوشش تبار افزود : طرح های برگزیده دهیاری ها که از سوی استانداری ها به سازمان شهرداری ها ارسال شد از سوی هیات داوران شامل استادان دانشگاه و مدیران اجرایی این حوزه مطابق شاخص های سازمان ملل ارزیابی و طرح های برگزیده انتخاب شد.
معاون امور دهیاری های سازمان شهرداری ها و دهیاری کشور گفت: طرح هایی که دارای خلاقیت و نوآوری و بر اساس شاخص های توسعه یافتگی نوشته شده بودند، انتخاب شده اند.
وی با بیان اینکه از شش طرح برتر تقدیر خواهد شد، ادامه داد: در بعد خلاقیت و نو آوری در حوزه روستایی و در ابعاد اقتصادی و فرهنگی نیازمند خرده خلاقیت ها هستیم.
معاون امور دهیاری های سازمان شهرداری ها و دهیاری ها با بیان اینکه ایران دهمین کشور در داشتن جاذبه های گردشگری دنیا است، افزود: دارای مزیت های زیادی در حوزه گردشگری هستیم، اما برای رسیدن به نوآوری و خلاقیت لازم نیست اتفاقی در درون ما رخ دهد، همان تعهد و تعلق سازمانی و مدیریت مشارکتی و رهبری تحول زا کافی است.
وی درخصوص دهیاری ها گفت : هم اکنون بیش از 32 هزار دهیاری در کشور در حال خدمت رسانی به مناطق روستایی هستند و دهیار به عنوان مدیر ارشد روستا مسئول امور مختلفی چون مدیریت پسماند ، فضای سبز و ... می باشد و فعالیت شوراهای اسلامی روستا و دهیاری ها مصداق کامل مردمسالاری دینی است.
وی بیان اینکه هر چه از عمر تاسیس دهیاری ها می گذرد اعتماد دولت و مجلس به این نهاد افزایش یافته، گفت : مدل مدیریت روستایی ما در دنیا بی نظیر است، اکنون 32 هزار دهیاری در سراسر کشور حضور دارند و به عنوان آخرین حلقه مدیریت بین حاکمیت و مردم، محل اتکا برای نظام و دولت هستند و این امر در نوع خود بی بدیل است اما این ظرفیت هنوز بخوبی شناخته نشده است.
وی همچنین گفت لایحه جامع دهیاری ها که از سوی وزارت کشور تهیه شده هم اکنون در حال بررسی در کمیسیون های تخصصی دولت است و تصویب آن از سوی مجلس شورای اسلامی گام مهمی در زمینه ارتقای شاخص های توسعه روستایی و ارتقای جایگاه دهیاران محسوب می شود.
وی افزود : در تدوین این لایحه تلاش شده خلاءهای قانونی، پشتیبانی حقوقی، موازی کاری ها و تداخل وظایفی که دهیاران با آن مواجه هستند، تا حد امکان رفع شود.
وی ادامه داد: در دو سال اخیر در حوزه شهری و روستایی به رغم محدودیت های مالی دولت، شاهد تجهیز شهرها و روستاها به امکانات و خدمات عمرانی هستیم و از همه مهمتر در نظام برنامه ریزی سازمان شاهدیم که چشم انداز این مجموعه رسیدن به مدیریت یکپارچه در حوزه روستایی است.
وی با بیان اینکه دهیاری ها و شهرداری ها در استان ها ضمن رعایت حقوق یکدیگر، در کنار هم قرار گیرند افزود: در هر جا که می روید باید با نگاهی مشاهده گرانه به اطراف، فضای شهری، مبلمان و طراحی شهری نگاه کنید تا بتوانید از ظرفیت ها و قابلیت ها هر منطقه برای توسعه و بهبود فضای شهری خود بهره مند شوید .Nonfiction Monday was started by Anastasia Suen and is hosted this week at Wrapped in Foil.
Levinson, Cynthia. We've Got a Job: The 1963 Birmingham Children's March
March 28th 2012 by Peachtree Publishers
EARC provided by Netgalley.com
This is exactly why Black History Month was started; so much history involving the Civil Rights Movement never makes it to school curriculums. Certainly in the 1970s, we could have learned about school integration in the South, but I don’t think we even got as far as the Cold War! While I knew about Little Rock, and the bombings in Birmingham, I had never heard of the Children’s March that occurred in May of 1963. Children and teens learned about nonviolent protest, and even signed an agreement that they would remain nonviolent, then left school in order to march. They were arrested in droves and had fire hoses turned on them and dogs set on them. Some Civil Rights leaders, including Malcolm X, felt that this was an improper thing to do. This book is told from the points of view of four children from various backgrounds who were involved in the March, and so has good details about what it was like to live through this. Combined with the other activities at the time, this march helped to bring about the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
Strengths: The set up of this book is great for middle school students—pictures are interspersed with text, and including the experiences of real people instead of just a general overview is something that will appeal to students.
Weaknesses: Before I purchase e books, nonfiction is going to have to be better formatted for this platform. I read an EARC of this, and had to reduce the print size to small so that the pictures would appear. Maybe my eye sight is getting worse than I imagine, because it was very difficult to read this way.
یکشنبه، 6 مهر 1399 ساعت 07:252020-09-27پزشكي
تغذیه در روزهای کرونایی پاییزی از اهمیت زیادی برخوردار است، زیرا خوردن مواد غذایی مقوی موجب تقویت سیستم ایمنی بدن خواهند شد.
تغذیه مناسب نه تنها باعث تقویت سیستم ایمنی در برابر بیماری هایی چون کرونا و آنفلوانزا می شود، - بلکه می تواند در رفع آلرژی ها و بیماری های فصلی نیز موثر باشد.
به گزارش سایت قطره و به نقل ازخبرنگار ایمنا"، تغییر فصل ها موجب تغییر رژیم های غذایی می شود و رعایت نکات تغذیه ای مختص هر فصل، می تواند به سلامت بدن کمک کند.
در فصل پاییز و زمستان بسیاری از افراد با سرماخوردگی و ابتلاء به آنفلوآنزا دست و پنجه نرم می کنند، علاوه بر این دور نگه داشتن بدن از سرمای این فصل هم مهم است تا بیماری های این فصل به سراغ انسان نیاید، رعایت نکات تغذیه ای نیز در پیشگیری و یا کمک به درمان سریع بیماری ها حائز اهمیت است.
بین رژیم غذایی ناسالم و ابتلاء به بیماری هایی همچون فشار خون، دیابت، چربی خون بالا، مشکلات قلبی- عروقی، چاقی، اضافه وزن و در حال حاضر آنفلوانزا و کرونا ارتباط مستقیمی وجود دارد، اما افراد می توانند با اصلاح الگوی تغذیه ای گامی مهم برای حفظ سلامت خود بردارند.
مصرف غذاهای متنوع، محدود کردن مصرف نمک، کاهش مصرف شکر، نوشیدن مقدار کافی آب و کنترل مصرف چربی از مهمترین نکاتی هستند که افراد با رعایت کردن آن ها می توانند از رژیم غذایی سالمی برخوردار باشند.
در واکاوی این موضوعات و بایدها و نبایدهای فصل پاییز با توجه به شیوع بیماری کرونا با محمد حسن انتظاری رییس دانشکده تغذیه و علوم غذایی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان گفت وگویی داشتیم که در ادامه می خوانید: برنامه ریزی برای تغذیه خانواده در پاییز امسال چه تفاوتی با سنوات گذشته دارد؟ پاییز امسال با دو مشکل شیوع آنفلوآنزا و بیماری کرونا مواجه هستیم و علاوه بر این تغییرات فصل و آب و هوا که انسان ها را به سرما خوردگی مبتلا می کند هم وجود دارد.
رعایت نکات تغذیه ای احتمال ابتلاء افراد به این بیماری ها را کاهش می دهد و در صورت ابتلاء مقاومت بدن در برابر این بیماری ها افزایش پیدا می کند.
اولین نکته در مورد بروز همه بیماری ها کمبود مواد غذایی (ویتامین، املاح، پروتیین و انرژی) در بدن است.
باید غذاها در این فصل متنوع باشند.
بهتر است که این تنوع بیشتر در مصرف میوه ها باشد.
کالری آبمیوه طبیعی سریع جذب بدن می شود و افراد چاق آب میوه طبیعی را استفاده نکنند اما می توانند میوه های غنی از ویتامین ها را در برنامه غذایی روزانه داشته باشند.
میوه ها کند جذب بوده و چاق کننده نیست و قند خون بدن را بالا نمی برند.
لازم است که در روزهای کرونایی پاییزی خوردن میوه های رنگی و میوه های فصل در اولویت قرار گیرد.
برای تقویت ایمنی بدن باید کدام پروتیین ها در اولویت قرار بگیرند؟ در ایام شیوع کرونایی کمبود مصرف پروتیین های بدن ممکن است مشکل آفرین باشد.
پروتیین به طور صد درصد برای سیستم دفاعی بدن لازم است.
بهترین منابع پروتیینی گوشت، لبنیات و تخم مرغ است، اگر خانواده ها به هر دلیلی نمی توانند گوشت قرمز بخرند، بهتر است که مصرف گوشت سفید را جایگزین کنند که از نظر میزان پروتیین چندان تفاوتی با گوشت قرمز ندارد.
علاوه بر این تخم مرغ نیز حاوی پروتیین بسیار بالایی است.
درصد پروتیین لبنیات کم چرب تفاوتی با لبنیات پرچرب ندارد و در پاییز مصرف لبنیات کم چرب توصیه می شود.
باید بدانیم که سیستم ایمنی بدن انسان در عین حال نمی تواند در دو یا سه جبهه بجنگد، بنابراین باید تا می توانیم به سیستم ایمنی بدن کمک کنیم.
مصرف غذاهایی مانند فست فود، انواع سوسیس و کالباس، چیپس و پفک ها سیستم ایمنی بدن برای مبارزه را منحرف می کند.
لازم است در فصل پاییز مصرف این نوع مواد غذایی را کمتر کرده و بیشتر خوردن میوه ها و مواد پروتیینی به خصوص برای کودکان روزانه یک یا دو وعده در اولویت برنامه غذایی قرار گیرد.
مصرف تخم مرغ برای چه افرادی توصیه می شود؟ برای افراد سالم که چربی خون، فشار خون بالا و دیابت ندارند روزانه یک تا سه تخم مرغ توصیه می شود.
مصرف روزانه یک عدد تخم مرغ برای افراد سالم مضر نبوده بلکه مفید است.
حتی برای افرادی هم که چربی خون بالایی دارند مصرف تخم مرغ را بی ضرر می دانند البته به شرط آنکه این افراد روزانه بیش از یک تخم مرغ استفاده نکنند.
چربی تخم مرغ در زردی آن است و سفیده تخم مرغ پروتیین خالص است، افراد دارای دیابت و چربی خون بالا می توانند سفیده تخم مرغ را بدون هیچ نوع عذاب وجدان و با خیال راحت مصرف کنند.
مطالعات جدید نشان می دهند که حتی کلسترول تخم مرغ برای افراد سالم هیچ ضرری ندارد، کسانی که چربی، قند و فشار خون بالایی دارند محدود به مصرف سه تخم مرغ در طول هفته می شوند.
اما افراد سالم روزی یک تا سه تخم مرغ را هم مصرف کنند ایرادی ندارد و مشکلی برای آنها به وجود نخواهد آمد.
بایدها و نبایدهای خوردن میوه و سبزیجات در فصل پاییز چیست؟ مصرف سبزیجات در فصل پاییز محدودیتی ندارد و برای کسانی که چاق نیستند مصرف خوردن میوه ها نیز محدودیت ندارد و روزانه مصرف حداقل دو الی سه بار میوه ها و حداکثر آزاد مطلق است.
خوردن سبزیجات و میوه ها برای افرادی که چاق نبوده و قند خون بالایی ندارند تقریباً حداقل را قرار می دهیم و برای مصرف حداکثری نیز آزاد هستند.
اما افرادی که چاق بوده و بیماری دیابت دارند باید در مورد مصرف میوه ها به طور حساب شده عمل کنند.
خوردن دو تا چهار دفعه میوه ها و سبزیجات با با فاصله و در حجم کمتری به این اشخاص توصیه می شود.
با توجه به شیوع کرونا مصرف کدام مکمل ها و ویتامین ها برای تقویت سیستم ایمنی بدن مفید است؟ لازم است که همه ویتامین ها در حد نیاز بدن استفاده شود، ویتامین A و B و C و D و K باید در پاییز استفاده شود.
در اپیدمی کرونا خانواده حساسیت بیشتری بر روی مصرف ویتامین D دارند و نباید خوردن این ویتامین از سطح عادی مصرف فراتر رود.
بدن افراد روزانه به 600 واحد ویتامین D نیاز دارد که چهار هزار واحد بین المللی بوده و سمی نیست، اما بیش از چهار هزار واحد فرد را وارد مسمومیت می کند.
اگر افراد از قرص های ویتامین D، پنجاه هزار واحدی بدون نسخه در دروان کرونا استفاده می کنند، ماهانه حداکثر خوردن یک یا دو عدد قرص ویتامین D کافی بوده و بیشتر از این توصیه نمی شود.
واقعیت این است که بیشتر کمبود ویتامین ها در بدن خطر ابتلاء به کرونا را افزایش می دهد.
اما دریافت زیادی ویتامین خطر ابتلاء به این بیماری را کمتر نمی کند.
همه سبزیجات و میوه ها منابع غنی ویتامین C هستند.
اگر روزی سه یا چهار بار ویتامین C مصرف کنیم دیگر نیازی به مصرف مکمل ویتامین C با قرص و دارو را نخواهیم داشت.
برای ایجاد مقاومت بدن در زمان شیوع کرونا خوردن چه غذاهایی را توصیه می کنید؟ حجم مایعات بدن یکی از بهترین موادی بوده که می تواند سموم را از بدن را دفع کرده و به دفع باکتری ها و ویروس ها کمک می کند.
آنتی بادی های بدن و سلول های گلبول سفید در بدن با حجم آب کافی قادر به دفاع از سیستم ایمنی بدن هستند.
اگر بدن دچار کم آبی شود مانند گیاه پژمرده نمی تواند رشد کند و سیستم دفاعی و ایمنی بدن هم پایین می آید.
بنابراین حجم زیاد مایعات روزانه باعث دفع یک تا سه لیتر حجم ادرار از بدن می شود.
لازم نیست که حتماً مایعات بدن آب باشد و می توان غذاهای آب دار، میوه های آبدار و سبزیجات آبدار را در برنامه غذایی روزانه گنجاند.
غذاهای سرخ کردنی به پروتیین ها آسیب می زند برای مثال ارزش غذایی و پروتیین مرغ و گوشت آب پز بیشتر از غذای سرخ شده حفظ می شود.
بنابراین سرخ کردن غذاها یک پروسه غیر تغذیه ای است.
اگر افراد تمایل به خوردن غذاهای سرخ شده دارند بهتر است ابتدا غذا را آب پز کرده و در حد کمی تنها آنها را تفت داد تا ارزش پروتیینی و ویتامین های موجود در غذا با سرخ کردن زیاد از بین نرود.
مصرف آجیل ها و مغزها در فصل پاییز باید چگونه باشد؟ آجیل ها مانند گوشت ها یکی از بهترین منابع پروتیین و ویتامین هاست.
آجیل ها قند خون را بالا نمی برند به دلیل اینکه قند زیادی ندارند و چربی آنها مفید بوده و حتی برای افراد با چربی بالا هم مناسب هستند.
در حال حاضر بین خانواده ها برای مصرف آجیل دو مشکل وجود دارد.
یکی کسانی که با بالا بودن قیمت آجیل ها مشکل دارند و توان خرید مغزها و آجیل ها را در این فصل ندارند.
گروه دیگر خانواده هایی هستند که با توان خرید بالاتر در خوردن آجیل ها و مغزها زیاده روی کرده و این روند زندگی باعث بروز چاقی و اضافه وزن در بین آنها می شود.
از سوی دیگر باید خانواده ها توجه کنند که معمولاً بعضی از آجیل ها با مواد رنگی آغشته شدند که این رنگ ها زعفران نیست و رنگ های غذایی بوده و نمک سود شده هستند که ارزش غذایی آجیل ها و مغزها را پایین می آورد.
باید مغزها، تخمه ها و آجیل هایی را که در محیط های مرطوب نگهداری شدند سریع دور ریخت، این نوع آجیل ها و مغزها با سم آفلاتوکسین آلوده شده است و باید از خوردن آن اجتناب کرد.
اما در بقیه موارد مصرف مغزها بسیار مفید بوده و دارای ارزش غذایی بسیار بالایی است.
معمولاً حاوی ویتامین و پروتیین ها بوده و از نظر پروتیینی می توانند جایگزین گوشت باشند.
برای تغذیه دانش آموزان در این فصل چه توصیه ای دارید؟ مصرف دو الی سه لیوان شیر یا برای این سنین اجباری است.
کودکان و نوجوانان اگر در دوران تعطیلی مدارس به دلیل کم تحرکی دچار چاقی افراطی شدند از گرفتن رژیم لاغری پرهیز کنند.
حتماً روزانه از گروه غذایی گوشت قرمز، تخم مرغ و گوشت سفید استفاده کنند.
بهتر است به جای سه وعده غذایی روزانه چهار یا پنج وعده غذا با حجم کمتری را مصرف کنند به دلیل اینکه معده کودکان کوچک است و نیاز بدنی آنها در یک وعده غذایی برآورده نمی شود.
کودکان و نوجوانان در این روزهای کرونایی پاییزی به مدرسه نمی روند و و معمولاً تحرک بدنی کمتری دارند، اما لازم است که میان وعده ها را بخورند و خودسرانه رژیم نگیرند به دلیل اینکه به رشد آنها آسیب وارد می شود.
بهتر است برای داشتن تحرک بدنی در داخل آپارتمان و یا فضای بیرون از آپارتمان در مکان های خلوت بازی و فعالیت بدنی انجام دهند.
دانش آموزان باید میان وعده مصرف کنند و برای میان وعده می توانند میوه و سبزیجاتی مانند هویج، شلغم، لبوی پخته، میوه های متنوع با رنگ های تیره بخورند.
توصیه شما در مورد مصرف میان وعده کودکان و نوجوانان در این ایام چیست؟ حذف وعده غذایی دانش آموزان را توصیه نمی کنیم و غذا نخوردن آنها نه تنها لاغر کننده نیست بلکه در عمل چاق کننده است.
به دلیل اینکه بدن کودک و نوجوان هر وعده غذایی را که هضم کرده شروع به سوخت و ساز می کند.
به خصوص با هضم وعده غذایی صبحانه سوخت و ساز بدن به شدت پایین آمده و اشتهای کودک برای خوردن غذا در وعده دیگر زیادتر می شود.
اگر این برنامه تکرار شود بدن ولع بیشتری برای خوردن در وعده بعدی دارد.
ضروری است که وعده های اصلی غذایی اصلی کودکان و نوجوانان حذف نشود تا اشتهای آنها برای خوردن تنقلات افزایش پیدا نکند، آنها می توانند در روزهای کرونایی پاییزی وعده های غذایی با کالری های کمتری را مصرف کنند.
تغذیه بیماران بهبود یافته کرونا در دوران نقاهت تا بهبودی کامل باید به چه شکل باشد؟ معمولاً بیماران در ایام نقاهت بیماری و اوایل دوران بعد از بهبودی کم اشتها شده و بدن آنها ضعیف تر می شود.
در این ایام می توانند به جای میوه از آبمیوه طبیعی استفاده کنند.
می توان به غذای آنها مقداری گردوی پودر شده که حاوی کالری، پروتیین و چربی است اضافه کرد تا بدن آنها تقویت شده و کالری از دست رفته تأمین شود.
بیماران بهبود یافته از کرونا بعد از طی شدن مدت زمانی و به دست آوردن بهبودی کامل می توانند مابقی مواد غذایی را مانند افراد عادی بخورند.
برای دور ماندن از آ
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who are currently enrolled in DOE schools on personal social media sites. DOE employees’ communication with DOE students via personal social media is subject to the following exceptions: (a) communication with relatives and (b) if an emergency situation requires such communication, in which case the DOE employee should notify his/her supervisor of the contact as soon as possible.
Guidance Regarding Personal Social Media Sites
DOE employees should exercise caution and common sense when using personal social media sites:
- As a recommended practice, DOE employees are encouraged to use appropriate privacy settings to control access to their personal social media sites. However, be aware that there are limitations to privacy settings. Private communication published on the Internet can easily become public. Furthermore, social media sites can change their current default privacy settings and other functions. As a result, employees are responsible for understanding the rules of the social media site being utilized.
- It is not recommended that DOE employees “tag” photos of other DOE employees, DOE volunteers, DOE contractors or DOE vendors without the prior permission of the individuals being tagged.
- Personal social media use, including off-hours use, has the potential to result in disruption at school and/or the workplace, and can be in violation of DOE policies, Chancellor’s Regulations, and law.
- The posting or disclosure of personally identifiable student information or confidential information via personal social media sites, in violation of Chancellor’s Regulations, is prohibited.
- DOE employees should not use the DOE’s logo or make representations that their personal social media sites speak in an official DOE capacity. Use of the DOE logo that is automatically populated on personal social media sites, such as LinkedIn, is permitted.
- Notwithstanding the guidelines above, postings by a DOE employee may be protected activity under applicable labor laws and collective bargaining agreements.
Applicability of DOE Policies and Other Laws
- These Guidelines provide guidance intended to supplement, not supersede, existing DOE policies, Chancellor’s Regulations and laws. Users of professional social media sites must comply with all applicable federal, state and local laws, including, but not limited to the Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA) Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) and intellectual property laws.
- These Guidelines are not designed to serve as a code of conduct for social media use and do not constitute separate bases for potential discipline. However, all existing DOE policies, regulations and laws that cover employee conduct may be applicable in the social media environment. These include, but are not limited to, Chancellor's Regulations, the Conflicts of Interest Law, the DOE Internet and Acceptable and Use Safety Policy, and Section 3020-a of the NY State Education Law.
(DOE employees who are mandated reporters are required to abide by the same reporting responsibilities in a social media context. Various Chancellor's Regulations impose reporting requirements on DOE employees for issues such as child abuse, child maltreatment, school-related incidents and crimes, corporal punishment, verbal abuse, unlawful discrimination or harassment by DOE employees, student-to-student sexual harassment, and student-to-student bias-based harassment, intimidation, and/or bullying. For example, see Chancellor's Regulations A-412 – Security in the Schools, A-420 – Corporal Punishment, A-421 – Verbal Abuse, A-750 – Child Abuse, A-830 – Discrimination/ Harassment, A-831- Peer Sexual Harassment, A-832 – Student-to-Student Bias-Based Harassment, Intimidation and/or Bullying.)
This document is meant to provide general guidance and does not cover every potential social media situation. Should any questions arise, please consult the Frequently Asked Questions (below) or contact your DOE senior field counsel or the DOE’s Office of Legal Services at 212-374-6888 or [email protected]. As these Guidelines address rapidly changing technology, the DOE will regularly revisit these Guidelines and will update them as needed.
Frequently Asked Questions
- Why is the DOE issuing guidance regarding social media?
- Social media technology offers many educational benefits. The DOE is issuing this guidance to provide recommended practices for employees to take advantage of this technology in a manner that encourages professionalism, responsibility, safety, and awareness. In addition, these Guidelines provide recommended best practices for employees who use social media for personal communications.
- May DOE parents, students and employees provide feedback on these Guidelines?
- Yes. The DOE welcomes feedback regarding these Guidelines and the FAQs. Because technology and best practices change rapidly, the DOE plans to review and update its guidance as necessary. If you have any feedback or suggestions, please send an email to [email protected].
- Do the Guidelines apply to all DOE employees or just school-based employees?
- The Guidelines apply to all DOE employees: school-based staff, as well as central, school support center and other staff.
- Do the Guidelines apply to e-mails, video chat, and instant messaging?
- No. The Guidelines apply to sites that are used primarily for the purpose of social media as defined in Section B (above). The DOE is not including, nor do the Guidelines address, sites that are primarily utilized for one-to-one communication such as e-mail, Voice Over Internet Protocol (such as Skype or Facetime), or chat (such as Gchat or AIM).
- What are some common types of social media?
- Blogs - Short for ‘web-logs’, these are sites that can function as ongoing journals with multiple entries. Typically, entries are categorized with ‘tags’ for easy searching. Most blogs allow for reader comments. Examples: Blogger, Wordpress, TypePad.
- Micro-Blogs - These blogs allow for shorter content posts, typically with a limited set of typed characters allowed. Micro-blogs can be used for status updates and to quickly communicate information to ‘friends’ or ‘followers.’ Examples: Twitter, Tumblr.
- Networking - These sites allow people to connect with each other around common interests, pursuits and other categories. Examples: Facebook, LinkedIn, Google+, Ning.
- Photo/Video - These sites allow people to share videos, images, slideshows, and other media. Often these sites allow viewers to comment and share posted content. Examples: YouTube, Vimeo, Flickr.
- The Guidelines state that they are intended to supplement not supersede, existing DOE policies, Chancellor’s Regulations and laws. What does this mean?
- This means that all social media use should be in compliance with existing Chancellor’s Regulations, DOE policies, and applicable laws. Therefore, before using a student’s name or other personally identifiable information on social media, DOE employees should pay attention to any ATS red flags or other legal precautions linked to individual students. Applicable Chancellor’s Regulations include, but are not limited to, A-412 – Security in the Schools, A-420 – Corporal Punishment, A-421 – Verbal Abuse, A-750 – Child Abuse, A-830 – Discrimination/Harassment, A-831- Peer Sexual Harassment, A-832 – Student-to-Student Bias-Based Harassment, Intimidation and/or Bullying. Some applicable laws include, but are not limited to, Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA), Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA), Intellectual Property Laws, Conflict of Interest Law, Section 3020-a of the Education Law.
Personal Social Media Sites
- Why is it a recommended practice to have separate professional and personal social media sites and e-mail addresses?
- The reason for this distinction is to ensure separation between personal and professional spheres of online communication for DOE employees. In this context, this separation is intended to clarify that professional social media and personal social media are different. Professional social media is work-related and may involve employee-to-student communication. Personal social media is not work-related and, subject to certain exceptions noted in section E (above), does not involve employee-to-student communication.
- May DOE employees using social media for personal use communicate with DOE colleagues?
- These Guidelines do not address communication between employees on personal social media sites. DOE employees who use personal social media are encouraged to use appropriate privacy settings to control access to their personal social media sites.
- What are recommended best practices for DOE employees with personal social media sites that are professional in nature and involve students but are unrelated to the DOE? For example, a DOE staff member who runs a book club in their free time.
- Employees should follow the identified best practices as stated in the Guidelines. Employees should think about their privacy settings and limit their audience. Also remember, even though an employee is “off the clock,” students will think of the employee as an authority figure. If an employee discovers that he or she is engaging with DOE students through social media in this type of activity, the DOE employee should notify the students’ parents or guardians.
- What if DOE employees are already using social media for either professional or personal purposes?
- Professional social media use: DOE employees currently using social media for professional purposes should examine whether their use aligns with the Social Media Guidelines and these FAQs. Any use not consistent with these documents should be altered or amended within a reasonable period of time. We will answer any questions and address concerns during training sessions. If employees have linked a professional social media site to a personal e-mail address, they should transition the site to a professional e-mail address.
- Personal social media use: The Guidelines recommend that DOE employees who use social media for personal purposes should remove current DOE students, from those sites. There are exceptions noted in the Section E,(above).
- Employees should periodically review the Social Media Guidelines and FAQ – which will be updated as needed – to ensure familiarity with the recommended practices. The DOE will notify employees when the Guidelines are updated. School administrators will ensure their teachers and other staff are informed.
- DOE shall provide regular training for employees who are using social media for professional purposes. To schedule a training session, either contact your network or send an email to [email protected]
- When using social media, when and where should the DOE logo be used?
- The DOE logo should be used for official DOE business. Websites that officially represent a school may use the DOE logo. For example if a school has an “eChalk” site in addition to a DOE-provided school portal, it may display the logo. If school support centers create sites to serve their schools, they may use the DOE logo. DOE employees should not use the logo if they are creating a non-official communication. A blog, for example, where an employee discusses education, but where the employee does not officially represent the DOE, should not have the DOE logo. Please note that when a social media site, such as LinkedIn and Facebook, generates the DOE logo automatically, it does not pose a problem.
- What other technology-related guidance exists to guide DOE employees participating in social media?
- The DOE’s Internet Acceptable Use and Safety Policy (IAUSP) was updated in 2012 and governs all electronic activity of users using and accessing the DOE’s network, including Department e-mail. Student use of DOE Internet systems, including social media, is also governed by the IAUSP, in addition to other applicable DOE Chancellor Regulations, policies and guidelines, the Citywide Standards of Conduct and Uniform Disciplinary Measures (“Discipline Code”) and applicable law.
- Who monitors professional social media sites and how frequently are they monitored?
- The Guidelines recommend that professional social media sites should be reviewed and monitored by supervisors, or their designees, on a regular basis.
- The specific frequency and level of review required for each professional social media site will depend on the particular characteristics of the site. Sites that are interactive, for example, those that allow comments and posting, should be monitored more closely. Other factors that impact the frequency include the level of privacy assigned to the site, specifically, whether the site is a private network (for example, limited to a particular class) or a public network (open to anyone within the school or a larger group within the DOE community). Employees who decide to establish professional social media sites can engage in a voluntary review of their specific site on a regular basis.
- What should DOE employees who want to develop professional social media for their classroom, school, or office do?
- Employees should review the Social Media Guidelines and FAQ periodically to ensure that they are familiar with their contents and are aware of any updates. Employees should research and familiarize themselves with the social media site they intend to utilize.
- If the proposed professional social media use involves students, employees are required to review the social media site’s regulations and determine at what age children are allowed to use the site. For example, if a teacher planned to create a Facebook page for his fourth grade class, he would learn that Facebook requires users to be 13 or older to use their site and he would need to use something else.
- Employees should understand the default privacy and viewing settings for the social media site. Where possible, we recommend that DOE employees establish groups or pages, rather than individual profiles, for educational purposes. DOE shall provide training when assigned to set up a social media site. To schedule a training session, either contact your network or send an email to [email protected].
Guidance for School Leaders
- How should principals address parents who express concerns about their children’s use of social media?
- The DOE recognizes the powerful benefits for students, teachers, and school communities through the thoughtful use of social media. We expect many schools will utilize these 21st century tools. We also expect that schools will inform parents of the opportunities social media will provide with respect to college and career readiness. In some cases, schools may need to “market” these tools to parents who may be unfamiliar with the benefits of social media.
- Schools should let families know that use of technology, and more specifically technology-based tools, is an important piece of what it means to be work-ready in today’s society.
- Skills learned by using social media responsibly cover all five of the most frequently reported applied skills employers rated as “very important:” Professionalism/Work Ethic, Oral and Written Communications, Teamwork/Collaboration, Critical Thinking/Problem Solving and Ethics/Social Responsibility, as reported in a study entitled Are they Really Ready to Work?, highlighting employers’ perspectives on skills needed for the 21st century workforce.
- What are effective methods that administrators can use to monitor information that is posted on professional social media sites?
- Certain social media sites are blocked at my school. How can schools access blocked websites?
- Are teachers or other school-based staff personally liable for student posts on professional social media sites?
- Here are some suggestions that may be helpful:
- Have a comprehensive register of all professional social media sites being created and used by your staff;
- Create one administrative account that can be used by administrators or network point person;
- Ask to be made a member of all professional social media sites to view posted materials;
- Depending on the site, set up e-mail notifications to alert you when any new material is posted;
- Consider having more than one person monitor the sites set up for professional use, and prioritize which sites need to be monitored more frequently; and
- Highlight examples of model social media usage with your staff.
- Principals do not need to be an administrator on every site, a designee (an AP, for example) may fill this role.
- Can the Guidelines be used for disciplinary purpose?
- No, these are guidelines and no one will be disciplined for failure to follow the guidelines.
- Do I need to be an administrator on every site?
- How should questions be addressed regarding how social media use relates to the First Amendment?
- DOE employees should be in touch with their supervisor with any questions related to social media and the First Amendment. As each scenario is fact specific, supervisors are directed to contact their Senior Field Counsel or the DOE’s Office of Legal Services at 212-374-6888 or [email protected] to discuss any legal questions that arise.
- Certain social media sites are blocked at my school. How can schools access blocked websites?
- If all principals in a building agree, a site can be unblocked for all schools in the building. Principals can request sites be blocked or unblocked by filling out this online form on the DOE Intranet.
Teachers and Other School-Based Staff
- What happens if a DOE employee changes the privacy or access level of a social media site beyond what was initially approved during the school year?
- If the professional social media site undergoes a significant change (for example, a Facebook page being used to share questions about reading assignments will now be used to share ideas with a class at a school in another country), the DOE employee should inform his or her supervisor of the change. If the change is deemed significant, the supervisor should advise the DOE employee whether a revised registration form (of the school’s choosing) is needed.
- Should parents be notified regarding their child’s social media use for school-related activities?
- Yes. DOE schools should notify parents on an annual basis if their child is invited to participate in professional social media activities. Parents who have questions or concerns about their child's use of social media for school purposes should contact the school for more information.
- The Guidelines recommend that principals (or their designees) have administrator rights. Does this mean that teachers or school-based staff are required to hand over their professional social media username and password to principals and their designees?
- It does not. Teachers and staff can give the principal or principal’s designee administrator access to a site. The purpose is to provide supervisors with limited access, using their own log-in username and password. For example, if a teacher is out recovering from an extended illness, the principal or designee can continue to monitor the professional social media site.
- Are teachers mandated reporters when it comes to online activity?
- Yes. Teachers are mandated reporters.
Relating to Students
- Do these Guidelines apply to DOE students?
- Student-to-student communication via social media is not addressed.
- How should DOE employees respond to “friend” requests by current DOE students on their personal social media sites and accounts?
- If DOE employees receive a request from a current DOE student to connect or communicate through a personal social media site, they should decline the request. Here’s a suggested response: “Please do not be offended, but I cannot accept your request. As a DOE employee, it’s best for us to communicate using my professional social media account. The agency’s Social Media Guidelines discourage interactions with current DOE students on personal social media sites. If you do want to connect, please contact me through the school (or class) page or group at ____ [insert link to your page].”
- What should DOE supervisors and their designees, who are responsible for monitoring professional social media, do when they discover or receive a report of inappropriate activity?
- A DOE supervisor who discovers or receives a report of inappropriate or questionable content posted on a professional social media site should contact the appropriate authorities for assistance in accordance with existing DOE reporting requirements.
- Depending on the circumstances, the appropriate authorities may include, but are not limited to: school support center staff, borough safety directors, the Office of the Special Commissioner of Investigations, the Office of Special Investigations, the Office of Equal Opportunity, the Office of the General Counsel, the senior field counsel, the New York City Administration for Children’s Services, and the New York City Police Department.
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ئولیبرالیسم و نظریه صلح دموکراتیک را دربرمی گیرد.چارچوب این اندیشه به نوشته های اندیشمندانی چون کانت و روسو و اندیشمندان معاصری چون دویل، فوکویاما و مولر باز می گردد.این نظریه، به ویژه تحت عنوان آرمان گرایی از همان ابتدا در نگاه به سرشت انسانی با واقع گرایی اختلاف نظر داشته است. طرفداران این نظریه برخلاف نظر واقع گرایان که سرشت طبیعی انسان را شرور و جنگ طلب می دانستند، معتقدند که انسان و سرشت طبیعی وی بد نیست؛بلکه شرایط اجتماعی است که
موجب رفتارهایی همچون جنگ طلبی، خشونت و شرارت می شود.بنابراین از طریق آموزش و فراهم آوردن زمینه مناسب اجتماعی و اصلاح آن، انسان نیز اصلاح شده و قادر خواهد بود تا خوی خشن و جنگ طلب خویش را کنار بگذارد.این تفاوت جوهری در دیگر برداشت های آنان در سایر حوزه ها نیز بازتاب یافته است.
مفروضات اصلی لیبرالیسم در زمینه روابط بین الملل بدین شرح است: یک.دولت ها، تنها بازیگران عرصه بین الملل نیستند؛بلکه بازیگران دیگری همچون سازمان هی بین المللی نیز در این عرصه به ایفای نقش می پردازند. دو.امکان همکاری بین دولت ها وجود دارد. سه.تفاوت های داخلی دولت ها هچون نوع حکومت، فرهنگ و نظام اقتصادی آنها بر تعیین اولویت ها وترجیحات آنان تأثیر می گذارند؛بنابراین رفتار همه دولت ها به یک شکل نخواهند بود.
در مورد دولت نیز این نظریه ها معتقدند که جنگ در سرشت انسان ها نیست و در صورتی که شرایط مناسب برایشان فراهم آید، قادر به برقراری صلح می باشند.البته در نگاه آنها دولت پدیده ای موقت است و در نتیجه آنا معتقد به تشکیل نهادهایی بین الملل برای کنترل و تقلیل آنارشی حاکم در روابط دولت ها هستند.در نهایت نیز با محو دولت های مختلف، سازمان یا دولتی جهانی به وجود می آید که نتیجه آن خاتمه جنگ میان دولت هاست.لیبرال ها در تلاش برای بازتولید مفاهیم و رویه های قوانین داخلی در سطح بین الملل برای رسیدی به صلح مورد نظر خود، طرح امنیت دسته جمعی را مطرح نمودند که طبق آن همه دولت ها در حفظ صلح مسئولیت خواهند داشت.آنها در نظر داشتند تا با این طرح، علاوه بر نهادینه کردن موازنه قوا، استفاده از زور علیه کشور خاطی را به هنگام ضرورت، مشروع کنند. 15
نهادگرایان لیبرال معتقدند نهادهای بین المللی به دولت ها کمک می کنند تا آنها بر رفتار خودخواهانه خویش غلبه نمایند و منافع درازمدت را بر منافع کوتاه مدت ترجیح دهند. لیبرال ها گرچه معتقدند که گسترش بازیگران فراملی-به ویژه شرکت های چندملیتی-به تدریج حوزه قدرت را محدود می کند؛ولی به طور کلی آنان نیز، دولت ها را بازیگران
اصلی عرصه بین المللی می دانند.بنابراین لیبرال ها، حتی به نسبت معتدل ترین واقع گرایان نیز امکان همکاری را گسترده تر می بینند. 16
از نظر سیاسی، لیبرال ها بیشتر بر طرح نظریه صلح دموکراتیک تأکید می کنند که معتقد است دولت های دموکرات با یکدیگر نمی جنگند؛زیرا از اصول و رویه های مشترکی پیروی می کنند.«دویل»به عنوان یکی از نظریه پردازان این رشته در رد ماهیت آنارشیک نظام بین الملل معتقد است که دولت های صلح طلبی وجود دارند که یاد گرفته اند اختلافات خود را از طریق مسالمت آمیز حل و فصل نمایند.از نظر وی، مهم ترین ویژگی دوران پس از کمونیسم گسترش تعداد و حوزه همین دولت های صلح طلب است. 17
نهادگرایان نئولیبرال به نقش قدرت، دولت و منافع توجه بیشتری نشان داده و معتقدند که دولت های همکاری می کنند چون این نحوه تعامل، منافع بیشتری برای آنان به همراه می آورد.در بعد اقتصادی نیز به نظر آنان جهانی شدن اقتصاد و بازار جهانی، گسترش سازمان های غیردولتی و ارتباطات باعث تحلیل قدرت دولت و تغییر تمرکز از مسائل امنیتی به اقتصادی شده است.
نهادگرایان نئولیبرال، اصول و پیش فرض های نوواقع گرایی را می پذیرند.برای مثال به نظر آنها کشورها مهم ترین بازیگران بین المللی و بازیگرانی عاقل و یکپارچه اند.همچنین معتقدند که نظام بین الملل بی نظم است و این بی نظمی رفتار دولت ها را شکل داده و بر نتایج داده های بین المللی اثر می گذارد.در عین حال این دو نحله فکری، در مورد امکان همکاری بین المللی و توانایی نهادهای بین المللی در تسهیل همکاری بین کشورها باهم اختلاف نظر دارند.هسته اصلی نهادگرایی نئولیبرال بر پنج پیش فرض اصلی ابتنا یافته است:
یک.رویکرو نظام مند یا سطح تحلیل سیستمی؛ دو.بی نظمی بین المللی؛ سه.تلقی کشورها به مثابه بازیگرانی عاقل که به سود مطلق خود می اندیشند؛ چهار.کشورها به مثابه مهم ترین بازیگران بین المللی؛(ضمن آنکه بر نقش بازیگران غیردولتی نیز تأکید می شود.)
پنج.نقش مستقل نهادهای بین المللی.یعنی از این نظر، نهادها پدیده های دست دوم نیستند و مستقل از منابع قدرت و ترجیحات کشورها بر روندهای بین المللی و رفتار کشورها تأثیر می گذارند.به بیان دیگر این نهادها پس از تأسیس مستقل عمل می کنند. 18
لیبرال ها به طور کلی نقش قدرت را تحت الشعاع ملاحظات اقتصادی و سیاسی قرار می دهند و همین دست کم گرفتن نقش قدرت یکی از مهم ترین محدودیت های آنان محسوب می شود.
4.مارکسیسم
مارکسیسم از اندیشه های رادیکال و افراطی در زمینه علوم سیاسی و روابط بین الملل است و نظریه های دیگر را به چالش می کشد.این نظریه به طبقات و گروه ها توجه خاصی داشته و آنها را مهم ترین واحد تحلیل خود در نظر می گیرد.از نظر مارکسیسم اقتصاد زیربنا است و سیاست و فرهنگ در جایگاه روبنا تحت تأثیر آن قرار می گیرند.از این نظر، آنچه اهمیت دارد شیوه تولید سرمایه داری است.
تا دهه 80، مارکسیسم مهم ترین جایگزین نظریه های جریان اصلی یعنی واقع گرایی و لیبرالیسم بوده است.این اندیشه نیز به شاخه های فرعی متعددی از جمله مارکسیسم کلاسیک، نئومارکسیسم یا نظریه وابستگی و نظریه نظام جهانی تقسیم می شود.مارکسیسم اولیه، سرمایه داری را علت اصلی منازعات بین المللی و جنگ دولت های سرمایه دار با یکدیگر و دیگر کشورها را برای کسب سود می دانست.نظریه وابستگی نیز دولت ها را به دو دسته پیشرفته و عقب مانده تقسیم نموده و نوعی رابطه مرکز و پیرامون را بین آنها در نظر می گیرد. قایلین به این نظریه، قطع روابط، سرنگونی حکومت های موجود و پیگری توسعه مستقل را پیشنهاد می کنند.
مارکس معتقد بود که گسترش سرمایه داری موجب از بین رفتن تقسیم بندی کلاسیک دولت-ملت می شود.از نظر وی جامعه سرمایه داری جهانی، جایگزین جامعه بین الملل یا دولت ملی خواهد شد.مارکس باور داشت که شکل اصلی مبارزه بین طبقات خواهد بود.دو طبقه بورژوازی جهانی و پرولتاریاری بین الملل با یکدیگر مبارزه می کنند و نهایتا انقلاب
پرولتاریا باعث از بین رفتن نظام سرمایه داری و شکل گیری جامعه سوسیالیستی مبتنی بر آزادی و برابری خواهد شد.به نظر وی بشر تاریخ را می سازد ولی نه آنگونه که خود می خواهد. توانایی بشر در ساختن تاریخ خود، به دلیل قدرت و حق تعیین سرنوشت اوست؛ولی درون ساختار محدودکننده ای قرار دارد که اجازه هر عملی را به وی نمی دهد.سیر کلی تاریخ انسان به سمت در دست گرفتن تاریخ خود است.این حرکت بشر به سوی جهانی شدن و شکل گیری جامعه بشری است.این موضوع، در اندیشه های کانت نیز به چشم می خورد.به نظر مارکس حرکت به سوی جهانی شدن نه ناشی از روابط دول؛بلکه در ذات نظام سرمایه داری است.
نظریه امپریالیسم لنین به عنوان یکی از نظریه های مارکسیستی، نقدی بر نظریه لیبرال بود که اعتقاد داشت دولت ها به خاطر تجارت آزاد باهم نمی جنگند.لنین معتقد بود که دولت ها برای رسیدن به اهداف اقتصادی-سیاسی خود به خشونت و جنگ متوسل می شوند. 19
به عقیده مارکسیست ها، هنگامی که مبارزه طبقاتی به نتیجه نهایی برسد؛دولت از میان خواهد رفت.در این فاصله، دولت صرفا بازتاب دهنده سلطه نیروهای اقتصادی و اجتماعی معینی است.این طبقات یا خود رؤسا حکومت می کنند و یا نخبگان سیاسی اختیارات دولت را به نفع این طبقه مسلط به کار خواهند گرفت.اثر غایی روند فوق آن است که دولت به عامل دست و پا بسته این طبقه تبدیل می شود و برای استقلال عمل آن جای چندانی باقی نمی ماند. دولت اساسا غیرسیاسی و از خودمختاری بی بهره است.در تجدید نظرهای بعدی در این دیدگاه برای دولت خودمختاری محدودی در نظر گرفته شده ولی هنوز این تلقی وجود دارد که دولت ریشه های عمیقی در جامعه دارد؛هرچند که اقتدار آن فاقد سرچشمه مستقلی است. در سطح بین الملل، مارکسیست ها با این اندیشه لیبرال ها همراهند که می گوید هنگامی که نیروهای اقتصادی موردنظر ما قدرت را به چنگ آورند، جنگ از صحنه ناپدید خواهد شد. 20 مارکسیست ها، تغییرات اقتصادی جهانی و فرآیند تولید را به عنوان منشاء تشکیل دولت مورد توجه قرار داده اند.از نظر آنان دولت، تشکیلات ثانویه است و کارکرد مثبتی برای جامعه ندارد.بنابراین برخلاف افرادی مانند گیلپین که معتقدند نقش دولت حل مسئله است، مارکسیست ها برآنند که دولت نمی تواند یک«مشکل حل کن»خنثی باشد؛بلکه همیشه نمایند بعضی از صاحبان منافع است. 21
مهم ترین ایده مارکسیسم در روابط بین الملل، اندیشه جهان وطنی مارکس در خصوص فرآیند تدریجی اتحاد جوامع بشری و شکل گیری جامعه برخوردار از آزادی و برابری است که در آن تمامی دول موجود از بین رفته و دولت واحد جهانی شکل می گیرد.مارکسیسم، نقش دولت را تا حد کارگزار یک طبقه در جامعه تنزل داده و آن را بازوی اجرایی طبقه سرمایه دار غالب می داند که عمل استثمار دیگر طبقات است.آنها به اهمیت کنترل انحصاری ابزار خشونت در دست دولت، توانایی آن در اقدام مستقل از طبقات برای تأمین امنیت جامعه، مقابله با تهدیدات خارجی، آمادگی نظامی و شرکت در جنگ ها توجه نمی کنند.
در دهه های 70 و 80 نیز نوعی بازاندیشی در مارکسیسم صورت گرفت که براساس آن به دولت نه همچون مارکسیست های افراطی در چارچوب شیوه تولید؛بلکه در سطح نظام بین الملل توجه می شود.والرشتاین که نظریه نظام جهانی را طرح کرد به دولت در فرآیند توسعه تاریخی سرمایه داری نگاه می کند و معتقد است که دولت، ابزار ایجاد شده برای سرمایه داری در جهت تسهیل توسعه آن است. 22
به نظر والرشتاین در تاریخ، نظام های جهانی متفاوتی وجود داشته است و نظام جهانی مدرن کنونی فقط یکی از این نظام هاست.تفاوت این نظام با موارد قبلی در این است که این اولین نظامی است که خود را در قالب اقتصاد جهانی سرمایداری تنظیم نموده است.این نظام ابتدا در اروپا شکل گرفت و سپس طی چهار قرن، مرزهای خود را گسترد و از قرن 19 تمامی جهان را تحت پوشش خود قرار داد.این اولین نظام تاریخی در تاریخ بشر است که به چنین موفقیت مهمی نایل آمده است.
طبق این نظریه، تنها نظام جهانی مدرن(اقتصاد جهانی سرمایه داری)است که ساختار سیاسی مرکب از دولت هایی را ایجاد نمود که ادعای حاکمیت بر محدوده جغرافیایی خاصی را دارند و به طور دسته جمعی در نظام بین دولتی باهم مرتبط شده اند.این ساختار سیاسی در حقیقت تنها ساختاری است که می تواند وجود نظام بازار نسبتا آزاد را تضمین نماید.چیزی که نیاز اصلی نظام مبتنی بر انباشت بی وقفه سرمایه است.به نظر وی، سرمایه داری و نظام دولتی مدرن دو روی متفاوت یک سکه اند.آنها دو بخش یک کل هستند که هیچ یک بدون دیگری
قابل تصور نیست.این دو، همزمان باهم توسعه یافته اند و هیچ کدام نمی توانند بدون دیگری وجود داشته باشند.
والرشتاین معتقد است که نظام جهانی مدرن در حال به پایان رسیدن پس از طی فرآیند خود است.اگرچه هنوز در ابتدای مرحله تغییر نظام هستیم؛اما احتمال بسیار کمی وجود دارد که نظام جانشین، نظامی بین دولتی از نوعی که اکنون می شناسیم باشد.همچنین غیرمحتمل است که ساختار دولت های دارای حاکمیت نیز تداوم یابد. 23
به طور کلی مارکسیست ها، تبیینی اقتصادی از منازعات ارایه می دهند و به نقش جنگ و دولت توجه چندانی نمی کنند.آنها امکان برقراری رابطه سودمند بین دول مرکز و پیرامون را به نحوی که به نفع هر دو باشد، در نظر نمی گیرند و معتقدند که همیشه رابطه ای نابرابر بین آنان برقرار است.شکاف طبقاتی موجود در جوامع بین طبقه کارگر و طبقه سرمایه دار، خود را در سطح بین الملل و رابطه بین دولت ها نیز بازتولید می کند.نظریه های مارکسیستی به دلیل عدم بروز جنگ مابین دول سرمایه دار در طول جنگ سرد و موفقیت برخی دول در حال توسعه در تنظیم رابطه ای سودمند بین خود و دول پیشرفته و شرکت های چندملیتی، بی اعتبار شد.اگرچه در قاموس مطالعات بین الملل هنوز هم برخی تحلیل های مارکسیستی به چشم می خورند. 24
ب.نظریه های انتقادی در روابط بین الملل
نظریه های انتقادی در روابط بین الملل، طیف وسیعی از نظریه ها را شامل می شوند که هر یک موضوع خاصی را مورد بررسی نظری قرار داده اند.به طور کلی تمامی نظریه های انتقادی با تمامی اختلافات خود؛اگر فقط در یک موضوع اشتراک نظر داشته باشند، آن به چالش کشیدن و رد نظریه های جریان اصلی روابط بین الملل است.
شاید بتوان مارکسیسم را مبنای اصلی نظریه انتقادی دانست؛زیرا فرض می کند که ساختار اصلی سرمایه داری، طبیعی و تغییرناپذیر نیست.به رغم نقش مهم مارکسیسم در پیدایش نظریه انتقادی و طرح مباحث جدید، بسیاری از نظریه های مارکسیستی نیز مورد نقد نظریه پردازان انتقادی قرار گرفته است.برای مثال فمینیسم و پست مدرنیسم، نظر مارکسیست ها را در خصوص حرکت نهایی جامعه بشری به سوی جامعه جهانی و یکپارچه مورد انتقاد قرار داده و
جهانشمولی مارکسیسم را رد می کنند.بر این اساس آنها به تفاوت های قومی و فرهنگی توجه بیشتری نشان می دهند.همچنین پروژه رهاسازی مارکسیسم را به دلیل اروپامحوری و مثبت فرض کردن پیشرفت غرب مورد نقد قرار داده و معتقدند که روی دیگر روشنفکری و مدرنیته، سرکوب کشورهای غیرغربی و یا به قول انگلس کشورهای بدون تاریخ است. 25
در این بخش و در قالب نظریه های انتقادی در روابط بین الملل به بررسی آراء و اندیشه های سازه انگاری، فمینیسم و پساتجددگرایی می پردازیم.
1.سازه انگاری
در بین نظریه های انتقادی، سازه انگاری 1 یکی از جدی ترین چالش ها را در برابر نظریه های جریان اصلی به ویژه نوواقع گرایی و نئولیبرالیسم ایجاد می کند.این نظریه، برداشت های جدیدی از برخی مفاهیم مطرح در روابط بین الملل از جمله آنارشی، موازنه قوا، رابطه هویت و منافع، و تغییر در جهان سیاست ارایه می کند.البته سازه انگاران نیز به دسته های مختلفی چون سازه انگاران متعارف و انتقادی تقسیم می شوند.از نویسندگان سازه انگار می توان به الکساندر ونت، جان راگی، فردریک کراتوچویل، نیکلاس اونف و تدهاف اشاره نمود.
سازه انگاری، چگونگی شکل گیری و تحول هویت و منافع را بررسی کرده و به نقش فرآیند و رویه ها در شکل گیری این دو مفهوم توجه می کند.
سازه انگاری دارای سه اصل مهم است:اول:اینکه؛ساختارهای فکری و هنجاری نیز به اندازه ساختارهای مادی(مورد توجه نوواقع گرایان)اهمیت دارند.زیرا نظام های بامعنا می توانند تعریف کنند که کنشگران چگونه باید محیط مادی خود را تفسیر کنند.
دوم اینکه؛آنچه به منافع و کنش ها شکل می دهد، هویت است.فهم اینکه منافع چگونه شکل می گیرند؛کلید فهم بسیاری از پدیده های بین المللی تلقی می شود که درست درک نشده ویا از آنها غفلت شده است.
سوم اینکه؛کارگزاران و ساختارها متقابلا به یکدیگر شکل می دهند. 26 (1). msivitcurtsnoC
سازه انگاران، ساختارهای فکری و معنوی را تا حد متغیری مستقل ارتقاء داده و معتقدند که ایده ها، باورها و ارزش های مشترک دارای ویژگی های ساختاری هستند و نفوذ مؤثری بر کنش های اجتماعی و سیاسی دارند.سازه انگاران برخلاف نوواقع گرایان که هریک به ترتیب بر اهمیت ساختارهای مادی موازنه قوا و نظامی و ساختار مادی جهان سرمایه داری تأکید می کنند، معتقدند که این ایده ها و باورهای مشترک اند که منافع و هویت های بازیگران را شکل می دهند و تفسیر بازیگران از محیط اطراف خود را تعیین می کنند.بنابراین نوع رفتار بازیگران در مورد هر موضوعی بسته به تعریفی که هر کشور یا کنشگر دارد، متفاوت خواهد بود.به عنوان مثال، نقض حریم هوایی کشوری از سوی کشور دیگر که به عنوان دوست تعریف شده، با انجام همین عمل از سوی کشوری دیگر که غیر از این تعریف شده با واکنش های کاملا متفاوتی مواجه خواهد شد.
سازه انگاران ضمن تأکید
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صلاحیت هستند و آیا نظام به واقع گنجایش پذیرش رای مردم را دارد یا نه؟! از بعد از فوت بنیان گذار انقلاب، هاشمی، خاتمی و حالا احمدی نژاد… (پیش تر نیز تمام روسای دولتی که زنده ماندند از بازرگان تا میر حسین موسوی همگی دچار مشکلی معرفی شدند!) حالا کار به جایی کشیده که حتی رئیس دولت دهم که در روزهای اخر مسئولیتش، رهبر انقلاب دولت وی را دولتی دانست که شعارهای انقلاب را سر دست گرفت، دولتی که محبوب ترین دولت بعد از مشروطه به تعبیر رهبر انقلاب خوانده شد،نیز فاقد صلاحیت دانسته می شود؟! اگر احمدی نژاد با این کارنامه و سابقه دفاع رهبری که البته بالاترین رای مردم در طول تاریخ کشور را نیز به خود اختصاص داده است، فاقد صلاحیت است، پس چه فردی با چه ویژگی هایی دارای صلاحیت است؟! آیا انگ زدن به تمامی رجال شاخص و فاقد صلاحیت اعلام کردن تمام روسای جمهور می تواند راهگشا باشد!
- چرا رد صلاحیت؟!
باید برای مردم و افکار عمومی پاسخی قانع کننده داشت که چرا امثال حسن روحانی و بسیاری دیگر که حتی مردم نامشان را هم از یاد برده بودند، تایید صلاحیت می شوند ولی احمدی نژاد نه؟! آیا نظام ساختار های خود و قدرت خود را هزینه ابقاء جریانی خاص می کند؟! باید روشن شود نسبت انتقاد های عدالت طلبانه و مستدل احمدی نژاد به برخی از جریان های خانوادگی، موجب رد صلاحیت وی شده است؟! آیا احمدی نژاد به دلیل اعتراض به نقض اختیارات قانونی رئیس جمهور که مطابق قانون اساسی اعمال کرده بود (عزل وزیر اطلاعات و انتخاب معاون اول برای خود) باید فاقد صلاحیت معرفی شود؛ یا به دلیل فشار نظام سلطه برای ادامه مسیرِ امتیاز دهی در شرایط فعلی؟! و اصولا چرا باید مردم از حق انتخاب کردن وی محروم شوند؟! مردم پاسخ مستدلی را می خواهند که عدم توجه به آن می تواند به حیثیت ساختار آسیب وارد کند!
• احمدی نژاد نیاید، چه کسانی ابقاء می شوند؟!
اما همانگونه که پیشتر بررسی شد در واقع رد صلاحیت احمدی نژاد به معنی ابقا حسن روحانی است! مرور کارنامه حسن روحانی و احمدی نژاد و چالش های ساختاری و نهادی می تواند روشن کننده بسیاری از مسائل باشد.
به “فرض” پذیرش تخلفات احمدی نژاد و آنچه مخالفان وی نام آن را انحراف نهاده اند که محدود در مواردی همچو انتخاب برخی از مسئولین و برخی رویکرد های منطقه ای می شود، اما در عمل و در عمده حوزه ها همچو استکبار ستیزی ، تقویت جریان انقلابی و توجه به اقتصاد درون زا و … همگرایی کاملی بین دولت نهم و دهم با نهادهای بالا دستی وجود داشت، نزدیک ترین یاران احمدی نژاد و مدیران میانی و حتی خرد او حتی تا همین لحظه، اکثرا خود را سربازان شخص اول کشور می دانند و به دلیل ولایتمدار دانستن احمدی نژاد از او حمایت می کنند؛ فلذا هیچ گاه احمدی نژاد نمی خواهد و نمی تواند که خطر جدی برای به چالش کشیدن قدرت شکل گرفته و هرم تقسم آن در کشور باشد!
اما حسن روحانی به عنوان یکی از یاران هاشمی رفنسجانی، کوشش مستمری را برای قبضه کامل قدرت و محدود کردن ساختارهای بالا دستی دارد و در قدم های بعد اخذ همان قدرترا در دستور کار دارد، و البته در این مسیر برخوردار از حمایت های نیروی سوم (نیروهای خارج از مرزهای کشور) است!
بررسی مواضع مقام معظم رهبری در خصوص روابط با امریکا، برجام ، برجام های بعدی، اقتصاد مقاومتی، مبارزه با فساد و… در کنار نگاه رئیس جمهور، در همین موارد، حکایت از شکاف گفتمانی و شیب افزایش منازعه در این خصوص دارد. با این تفسیر حتی اگر احمدی نژاد را از زاویه دید برخی از نهادهای بالا دستی، فرضا بد بدانیم! باید او را بد بی خطر دانست که توان حذف بدتر پر خطر را دارد! و البته دیگر روشن و تجربه شده است که وارد کردن مهره های کاملا تابع در این عرصه و تبلیغات گسترده برای آنها، نمی تواند نهایتا بیش از ۱۲ درصد آرا را به ارمغان آورد.
- چالش حقوقی شورای نگهبان
شورایی نگهبان بی شک برای اقدامات خود باید توجیه قانونی را داشته باشد که در باب صلاحیت اصل ١١۵ قانون اساس حدود اختیارات این شورا را روشن کرده است!
١- رییس جمهور باید از رجال سیاسى مذهبى باشد ! این اولین شاخص است که به مثابه یک ظرف است ، باید داوطلبان در چنین موقعیتى نخست قرار داشته باشند ، به طور طبیعى این عنوان ، بیانگر نوعى شهرت سیاسى و مذهبى ، براى فرد داوطلب است ، به عبارت دیگر عرف جامعه باید فرد را در این موقعیت بشاسند . تنها سیاسى بودن یا مذهبى بودن به صورت مجزا کافى نیست! بلکه باید ترکیب و تلفیق این دو باشد ، اگر رجل معناى جنسیت هم داشته باشد معناى شهرت عمومى به این عنوان را نفى نمى کند، به نظر مى رسد که عنوان مذهبى بودن تنها رفتار دینى فردى نیست، بلکه برخوردارى از سطح قابل توجهى از شناخت دینى و آگاهى به مبانى مذهب است، یعنى، آگاهى بالا و اعتقاد واقعى و عملى هر گاه چنین جایگاهى باشد، بررسى بقیه شرایط مطرح مى شود، هرچند برخى از شرایط در متن رجال سیاسى مذهبى نهفته است، لذا خیل انبوهى که متأسفانه ثبت نام مى کنند ، به دلیل خروج از این عنوان قابلیت بررسى را هم ندارند!
٢- بعد ازاین نوبت به شرایط زیر مى رسد :
ایرانى الاصل
تابع ایران
مدیر و مدبر
داراى حسن سابقه و امانت و تقوا
مؤمن و معتقد به مبانى جمهورى اسلامى ایران و مذهب رسمى کشور
حال سؤال اصلى این است که آیا احراز این شرایط براى کسى که نخستین بار وارد میدان انتخابات ریاست جمهورى مى شود با کسى که سابقه دو دور ریاست جمهورى را دارد یکسان است ؟!
به نظر مى رسد که اولا کسى که یک بار رجل سیاسى ،مذهبى بودنش احراز شده است، و خصوصا آنکه دو دوره هم رییس جمهور بوده است ، طرح احرازصلاحیت مجدد، بى وجه و غلط است، چون این یک صفت نسبتا پایدار در فرد است که با شخصیت حقیقی فرد عجین مى شود و از این رو دکتر احمدی نژاد از لحاظ حقوقی نمی تواند فاقد این شرط شناخته شود! در مورد بقیه شرایط براى کسى که سابقه تأیید دارد، صفات دیگر طبق اصل استصحاب (بقای ما کان) مى شوند، این قاعده حتی در مورد نمایندگان مجلس هم حاکم است ، لذا باید با دلیل مستند، فقدان شرایط یا از دست دادن این صفات مسلم شود!
به عنوان مثال مخالفت با اصول ثابت قانون اساسى که از مبانى جمهورى اسلامى تلقى مى شوند، یا اعلام مخالفت صریح با نهاد ولایت فقیه، یا مخالفت و اقدام علیه جمهورى اسلامى و تمایل به تغییر جمهورى اسلامى خواه به جمهورى دمکراتیک یا خواه به حکومت اسلامى فاقد جمهورى!
موارد فوق نمی تواند ماحصل شک و گمان و نیت خوانی باشد بلکه باید بر اساس محکومیت قضایى با عنوان خیانت به کشور یا امانت داری حاصل شود، یا آنکه تغییر تابعیتی صورت پذیرد ، یا آنکه رفتارى صورت گیرد که در اثر آن در کشور هرج و مرج ایجاد و بیانگر ناتوانى در مدیریت باشد، که در نتیجه فرد پیش تر فاقدکفایت از ریاست جمهورى اعلام شده و عزل شده باشد!
بنابراین در مورد صلاحیت روساى جمهور قبلى باید دلیل بر رد اقامه شود و نه انکه بحث احراز صلاحیت همانند سایر افراد مطرح شود.
ممکن است عده ای در پاسخ مدعی شوندکه تأیید براى یک دوره است که این ادعایی حقوقى محسوب نمی شود! شوراى نگهبان اجازه ریاست جمهورى صادر نمى کند، بلکه مطابق قانون، تنها معیارها را بر مصادیق منطبق مى کند و اصولا راهى براى مصلحت اندیشى ندارد! این امر به مثابه یک حق براى شوراى نگهبان نیست، بلکه یک تکلیف روشن حقوقی است.
نباید فراموش کرد که سیاست هاى اجرایى رییس جمهور، عقاید سیاسى او در دوره ریاست جمهورى، مادامی که مبین الحاد و خروج از مبانى جمهورى اسلامى و عدم اعتقاد به مذهب رسمى نباشد، نباید دستاویز ارزیابى صلاحیت مجدد وی قرار گیرد، چراکه هر رئیس دولتى در اقدامات سیاسى و ایفاى وظایف خود دارای مصونیت است، به طور مثال نمى توان حسن روحانى را به خاطر امضاى برجام رد صلاحیت کرد، یا به دلیل مذاکره و ارتباط با دولتی او را فاقد صلاحیت خطاب کرد! (بله نظام جعلى صهیونیستى، از موضوعات اساسى است که در حال حاضر رسمیت دادن به آن مغایر با مبانى جمهورى اسلامى است.)
حتی در سابقه امر، ملاحظه مى شود که میرحسین موسوى با ترک مسئولیت بدون اطلاع رهبری، خدمت در نخست وزیرى را در شرایط بسیار حساس سیاسى و نظامى کشور،متوقف کرد و موجب شد تا از سوى رهبرى مورد عتاب قرار گیرد، اما با این وجود وی براى ریاست جمهورى تأیید صلاحیت مى شود، به عبارت دیگر مشاهده می شود که حادترین اشتباهات سیاسى نیز صلاحیت مذکور در اصل ١١۵ را مخدوش نکرده است
با این تفسیر، سوال اینجاست که چه وجهى براى رد صلاحیت احمدى نژاد مى تواند متصور شد؟!
مسئولین امر یادداشت فوق را نباید از منظر یکی از حامیان محمود احمدی نژاد مرور کنند، بلکه این یادداشت را باید از منظر یکی از حامیان انقلاب اسلامی تحلیل کنند که چالش های پیش روی رد صلاحیت احتمالی رئیس جمهر سابق را از منظر عقلانی_حقوقی بر شمرده است!
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- این هم پشت بلند گو!
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- دکتر احمدی نژاد: نامه به اوباما، محاکمه تاریخی نظام سلطه بود/ یک مرد می خواهد یک سیلی بزند!
- این هم پشت بلند گو!
- احمدینژاد نامهای در تبعیت از فرمایشات رهبری منتشر میکند/ مواضع رهبر انقلاب فصلالخطاب است
- شیمون پرز به درک واصل شد
- ۲۶ سال طول کشید تاتوانستم با سید حسن نصرالله گفتوگو کنم!
- نامه جدید روحانی به مقام معظم رهبری درباره اصلاحات IPCLa lealtà in ogni momento era considerata una delle qualità principali di una donna degna e di una buona moglie. Quando gli uomini parlano di ciò che dovrebbe essere un prescelto, la lealtà è il primo requisito per un futuro coniuge. È tanto più difficile immaginare uomini per i quali la frivolezza di una moglie e le sue relazioni sessuali promiscue sul lato sono un vantaggio indiscutibile.
Perché è attraente
La moglie del sesso è una delle sottoculture nel mondo delle deviazioni sessuali, la cui esistenza non è così ben nota al grande pubblico rispetto al BDSM e allo swing . Gli uomini sposati che vivono secondo i canoni di questo argomento provano un’enorme soddisfazione morale ed eccitazione per i numerosi tradimenti della moglie. Il marito può partecipare agli incontri di sua moglie con il suo amante, partecipare con lei al sesso di gruppo o incontrarla dopo un appuntamento: in qualunque forma avvengano questi giochi, l’elevazione emotiva di entrambi i coniugi dal fatto stesso del tradimento rimane invariata.
Le ragazze, coinvolte in questo formato di relazioni, affermano che il loro rapporto con suo marito è diventato molto più forte dopo di che, la loro connessione emotiva ha raggiunto un nuovo livello. Le donne vengono spesso portate a questo argomento dai loro mariti, che affermano che la loro moglie è diventata più carina, è diventata molto più sexy e attraente per gli altri uomini e per se stessi, il che non sorprende: una donna è sempre stata ispirata dall’interesse maschile. “Favorite Whores” è lo slogan del più grande sito tematico dedicato al tema della moglie del sesso.
Come si pratica
In generale, le pratiche della moglie sessuale sono tipi di sesso di gruppo, sebbene abbiano le loro sfumature. Il marito può partecipare attivamente agli incontri intimi della moglie con gli amanti, ma il suo tradimento non è il benvenuto, mantiene la lealtà unilateralmente.
Il geng-beng è uno dei formati di incontro più comuni nell’argomento della moglie del sesso: una situazione in cui una donna ha rapporti sessuali con diversi uomini differisce dalla MFM standard in quanto di solito ci sono più di due partner del sesso più forte e in generale, di più, tanto meglio. A volte i partecipanti non sono eccitati dal sesso sofisticato in varie combinazioni, ma dal sistema di flusso, quando una donna prende un amante dopo l’altro a turno.
Mariti di mogli infedeli descrivono le emozioni speciali che provano leccando la figa della loro amata dopo un incontro intimo con i loro amanti. Il vero piacere e l’eccitazione in loro sono causati dallo sperma che scorre dalla vagina di un altro uomo. Assistenza igienica per il tuo coniuge: lavarsi dopo l’incontro o radersi l’inguine davanti a lei è anche un motivo per provare sentimenti vividi.
La Glory Hall (tradotta come un buco della fama, in inglese) è una pratica che gli aderenti alla moglie sessuale adottano dalla sottocultura omosessuale. Gli uomini gay hanno un modo speciale di divertirsi nei bagni pubblici, che hanno dei buchi tra le cabine. Un pene viene inserito nel buco e gli uomini possono dare e godersi il sesso orale in modo quasi anonimo . In alcuni hotel con stanze attrezzate per i piaceri sessuali vengono praticati dei buchi nei muri attraverso i quali i potenziali amanti di una moglie sessuale possono ottenere la loro porzione di soddisfazione.
I mariti cornuti sono chiamati cornuti e talvolta le loro relazioni con mogli infedeli assumono forme bizzarre. Un uomo, sposato con una donna del genere, ha ricordato come sua moglie ha offerto un pompino alla polizia stradale, che aveva revocato i suoi diritti per grave violazione delle regole del traffico. La volontà dell’amata donna di sacrificare il proprio corpo per lui, unita all’ammirazione per la sua dissolutezza, ha deliziato il cornuto, sebbene la polizia abbia rifiutato
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ات سیاسی ارتش آزادیبخش میهنی الجزایر و از افراد نزدیک به هواری بومدین در دوران جنگ استقلال الجزایر بود. با استقلال الجزایر در ۱۹۶۲ به وزارت ورزش، جوانان و گردشگری منصوب شد و سال بعد با به قدرت رسیدن احمد بن بلا به وزارت امور خارجه رسید و به یکی از سخنگویان مهم جنبش عدم تعهد تبدیل شد.
در انتخابات ریاست جمهوری سال ۲۰۱۴ عبدالعزیز بوتفلیقه با کسب ۸۱درصد آرا برای چهارمینبار به ریاست جمهوری الجزایر رسید. بوتفلیقه بدون اینکه شخصا در کارزار تبلیغاتی فعالیت کند، ۵ نامزد رقیب خود را شکست داد
او در پست وزیر خارجه سیاست عدم تعهد الجزایر و حمایت از جنبشهای انقلابی را ادامه داد و به قهرمان حمایت از حقوق کشورهای توسعه نیافته بدل شد. این نقش او بهویژه در نشست فوقالعاده مجمع عمومی سازمان ملل در مورد روابط شمال- جنوب در سال ۱۹۷۴ به چشم آمد که او ریاست آن را برعهده داشت.پس از مرگ رئیسجمهوری بومدین در دسامبر ۱۹۷۸ بیشتر ناظران بوتفلیقه را جایگزین احتمالی او میدانستند، اما ارتش و جبهه آزادیبخش میهنی بر روی شاذلی بن جدید توافق کردند و آنگاه جایگاه بوتفلیقه در حد مشاور رئیسجمهوری تنزل کرد. در ۱۹۸۱ او از کمیته مرکزی و شورای سیاسی جبهه آزادیبخش میهنی اخراج شد و از سال بعد به تبعید خودخواسته رفت. در حالی که در ۱۹۸۳ به فساد مالی و اختلاس نیز متهم شد.بازگشت او به الجزایر در ۱۹۸۷ به تلاش برای آشتی در جبهه آزادیبخش میهنی تعبیر شد و سال ۱۹۸۹ در سومین کنگره فوقالعاده جبهه آزادیبخش میهنی پس از تظاهرات اکتبر ۱۹۸۸ دوباره به عضویت کمیته مرکزی حزب درآمد.
بوتفلیقه در ۱۹۹۹ دوباره به الجزایر بازگشت و با حمایت احزاب جبهه آزادیبخش میهنی و فراخوان میهنی برای مردمسالاری کاندیدای ریاستجمهوری شد و پس از تحریم انتخابات از سوی کاندیداهای اپوزیسیون به ریاست جمهوری انتخاب شد. او در سال ۲۰۰۴ با ۸۵درصد آرا و در سال ۲۰۰۹ با ۹۰درصد آرا مجدداً به ریاست جمهوری رسید.
در انتخابات ریاست جمهوری سال ۲۰۱۴ عبدالعزیز بوتفلیقه با کسب ۸۱درصد آرا برای چهارمینبار به ریاست جمهوری الجزایر رسید.
بوتفلیقه بدون اینکه شخصا در کارزار تبلیغاتی فعالیت کند، ۵ نامزد رقیب خود را شکست داد.
بوتفلیقه که پس از سکته مغزی در سال ۲۰۱۳، از شرایط جسمانی خوبی برخوردار نبود. در سال ۲۰۱۹ برای پنجمینبار نامزد انتخابات ریاست جمهوری شد. در پی چند هفته اعتراضهای عمومی در الجزایر، سرانجام او اعلام کرد که از نامزدی در انتخابات کنار کشیده است. بوتفلیقه در دوم آوریل ۲۰۱۹ و در پی هفتهها اعتراضات مردمی و درخواست ارتش برای برکناری او به علت ناتوانی، از سمت خود استعفا کرد. عبدالعزیز بوتفلیقه طی پیامی خطاب به مردم الجزایر فرستاد و در آن کارهایی که در دوران ریاست جمهوریش انجام داده را خاطرنشان ساخت. او از همه مردم اعم از زنان و مردان الجزایری خواستار گذشت و عفو بخشش به خاطر قصورش در حق مردم الجزایر شد.Gasperini: "Abbiamo ancora qualche chance""Abbiamo ancora qualche chance, sarei contentissimo anche per l'Europa League. Non possiamo più sbagliare, ma a questo punto subentra un po' di rammarico. Abbiamo fatto male con la Dinamo, tra la partita di oggi e quella con lo Shakhtar meritavamo qualcosa in piu'". Sono le parole del tecnico dell'Atalanta, Gian Piero Gasperini, dopo il primo storico punto dei suoi in Champions League contro il Manchester City a San Siro. "Ilicic? Il portiere gli è arrivato addosso sparato, certo se fosse andato in porta sarebbe stato meglio. Con lui mi sono arrabbiato di più per il rigore che ha concesso, ma ha fatto comunque una partita strepitosa - ha continuato il tecnico orobico a Sky Sport - Nel finale ci sono state le condizioni per vincere la partita, però poi si è giocato pochissimo ed è venuta fuori la nostra poca preparazione ad affrontare situazioni del genere. Ciò non deve togliere nulla alla nostra prestazione, cambiata dopo il loro rigore sbagliato. Nel primo tempo eravamo in difficoltà, contro queste squadre basta avere qualche metro di ritardo per non vedere palla. Nella loro metà campo però sono meno forti, noi ci siamo riusciti prendendo alcuni rischi: abbiamo vinto contrasti e giocato con qualità", ha concluso Gasperini.
Guardiola: "Quattro punti con l'Atalanta è un gran risultato""Sarebbe un piacere tornare in Italia, ho giocato con Baggio e Mazzone, ma devo dire che al momento in Inghilterra mi trovo benissimo". Il manager del Manchester City, Pep Guardiola, non chiude la porta a una futura esperienza sulla panchina di un club italiano dopo l'1-1 in Champions della sua squadra contro l'Atalanta, portato a casa in un finale concitato. "Quando un giocatore di movimento va in porta puoi pensare il peggio ma abbiamo reagito bene. Ilicic? Ha fatto molto bene a lasciare la gamba sull'uscita di Bravo. Non c'è dubbio sul rosso, noi abbiamo sbagliato poche cose tra cui il pallone che lo ha lanciato in porta - ha spiegato il tecnico degli inglesi a Sky Sport - Perché ho cambiato Ederson? Era infortunato: ho fatto tanti errori nella mia carriera ma non ho mai sostituito un portiere senza motivo". Poi i complimenti agli avversari: "E' difficile trovare una squadra aggressiva come l'Atalanta, in Italia conoscono di cosa è capace: fare quattro punti contro di loro è un gran risultato. Dovevamo chiuderla nel primo tempo ma va bene così: a volte è bene non vincere tutte le partite in una stagione", ha concluso Guardiola.
"La Repubblica si batterà sempre in difesa della libertà di informazione, per i suoi lettori e per tutti coloro che hanno a cuore i principi della democrazia e della convivenza civile"Carlo Verdelli ABBONATI A REPUBBLICA
Noleggio Auto Nancy
Nancy, situata sulle rive del fiume Meurthe, vanta un tradizionale atmosfera amichevole, la magnifica architettura e la campagna scenica che tutti spiegare il suo appello come meta turistica.
Il clou di una visita a Nancy è la zona della città vecchia. Dominato dalla bellissima chiesa Cordeliers, il centro storico presenta un numero di porte storiche ed eleganti palazzi, così come i resti del castello Dukes.
La chiesa fu costruita nel 1487 e, nonostante sia ormai più di un museo di una chiesa, è ancora un luogo di culto. La chiesa ospita sculture, dipinti religiosi e monumenti funerari tra cui la tomba del Rinascimento di Renato II. Duchi di Lorena sono sepolti in una cappella adiacente a forma circolare, e un passaggio di turno il chiostro, che conduce al Museo delle arti popolari e tradizioni, contiene sculture provenienti da tombe e dipinti religiosi. Anche per i motivi è un monastero francescano, fondato nel 1482. Un'altra chiesa popolare è la rinascita gotica Chiesa di Saint Epvre, datazione della seconda metà del XIX secolo. Due enormi porte segnano l'ingresso alla città vecchia. L'imponente cancello Craffe fu costruito alla fine del XIV secolo come parte delle mura che circondano la città. Torri gemelle di grandi dimensioni che fiancheggiano la porta furono aggiunte alla fine del XV secolo e sono state utilizzate come carceri. Il cancello Citadelle successive, modellato sulla porta Craffe, è allo stesso modo impressionante. Del castello Dukes del XVI secolo, tutto ciò che rimane è l'ala sul Grande-Rue e il Porterie (gateway), che unisce stile gotico e rinascimentale. Sua originale bifore, alti tetti spioventi e doccioni ora ospitano il Museo di Lorena.
Il distretto del XVIII secolo vanta l'arco di Trionfo, Carriere Square, Piazza Alleanza e simbolico piazza Stanislas, mentre la zona nuova città attira i visitatori con la sua splendida Cathedrale del XVIII secolo e Chiesa di San Sebastian e il XVII secolo Bonsecours de Notre Dame.
Un'interessante, anche se un po' costoso, hotel a rimanere al è il magnifico palazzo Haussonville del XVI secolo nella città vecchia. Esso è costituito da due parti principali, impostare un angolo e contiene due gallerie incantevole, uno dei aperto muratura in pietra in stile gotico che corre lungo il primo piano e l'altra in stile rinascimentale lungo la seconda. La città ha una serie di ottimi ristoranti, caffè caratteristici e atmosferico bar.
Interessanti gite di un giorno può essere fatto nella regione della Lorena, la scena di qualche terribile combattimento in tempi antichi e moderni. Esplorare le valli dei fiumi Mosa e della Mosella e visitare natali Domrémy-la-Pucelle Joan di Arcs. Viaggiare su attraverso l'altopiano di laminazione, spazzate dal vento di terreni agricoli a sud e scoprire autentici villaggi rurali e la loro atmosfera accogliente e aperto.
Paris Charles de Gaulle Aeroporto internazionale è l'aeroporto più vicino, con collegamenti diretti alle città più importanti del mondo. Una varietà di opzioni di trasporto sono disponibili da Parigi a Nancy.
Sedi Popular in Francia堤坝酒店
堤坝酒店坐落于坎彭购物区，就在Zwaluwhoeve，Ecodrome Zwolle及Walibi Holland附近。
堤坝酒店距离坎彭中心10分钟的步行。 开车只需45分钟即可到达阿默斯福特。
堤坝酒店是一家提供暖气，个人电脑，无线网络上网，壁橱和多频道电视吸引人的酒店。该酒店所有的房间拥有咖啡壶/茶壶和洗衣机。 房间还配有私人浴室及浴缸，淋浴和吹风机。
每天早上您会享用好的早餐。
酒店旁边有Kampen火车站。 到阿姆斯特丹史基浦機場机场大概需85分钟的车程。
住客可以享受洗衣房服务，熨烫服务和报刊服务以及酒店内部的免费停车场和行李寄存处。
酒店给喜欢运动的客人提供骑自行车运动和钓鱼。رییس دفتر نمایندگی وزارت امور خارجه در استان اصفهان گفت: اصفهان نیازمند ارتباط بیشتر به خصوص در بخش گردشگری است، آژانسهای بین المللی باید پیگیر شوند و مدام برای رونق گردشگری در تلاش باشند. به گزارش خبرنگار ایسنا_منطقه اصفهان، علیرضا سالاریان ظهر امروز (چهارشنبه) در جمع خبرنگاران، اظهار کرد: یک گام مهمی که برداشته شده این است
رییس دفتر نمایندگی وزارت امور خارجه در استان اصفهان گفت: اصفهان نیازمند ارتباط بیشتر به خصوص در بخش گردشگری است، آژانسهای بین المللی باید پیگیر شوند و مدام برای رونق گردشگری در تلاش باشند.
به گزارش خبرنگار ایسنا_منطقه اصفهان، علیرضا سالاریان ظهر امروز (چهارشنبه) در جمع خبرنگاران، اظهار کرد: یک گام مهمی که برداشته شده این است که نورزگاه ها در استان اصفهان مستند سازی شده و در اکثر شهرستانهای استان از جمله نجف آباد و فریدن، فریدون شهر، نطنز، کاشان و … این نوروزگاه را مستند کردند تا به دنیا عرضه کنیم.
وی افزود: سال گذشته سعی کردیم با شهرستانهای اصفهان و پتانسیلهای گردشگری آنها آشنا شویم. برای مثال شهرضا ظرفیتهای اقتصادی بالایی دارد. ما از دوستان شهرستانها خواستهایم که ظرفیتها اعلام شود تا بتوانیم به صورت بین المللی آنها را بررسی کنیم.
رئیس دفتر نمایندگی وزارت امور خارجه در استان اصفهان ادامه داد: در سال ۹۷ شورای راهبردی روابط بین الملل در استان پایهگذاری شد که در خصوص فعالیتهای بین المللی یک مشارکت جمعی ایجاد شود.
سالاریان ادامه داد: در سال گذشته تور گردانان دو شهر سن پترزبورگ و نورماندی به اصفهان دعوت شدند تا با وضعیت گردشگری اصفهان آشنا شوند، همچنین برقراری خط پروازی میان اصفهان و سن پترزبورگ یکی از این فعالیتها به حساب میآید.
وی تصریح کرد: در سال جاری خواهرخواندگی اصفهان و سن پترزبورگ ۲۰ ساله میشود و آنها به همین بهانه در ابتدای سال ۲۰۱۹ نامهای ارسال کردند که بر اساس آن پیشنهاداتی به اصفهان برای برگزاری و گسترش همکاری شده است و با بررسی این پیشنهادها بر اساس اولویت کشور آنها اجرایی خواهند شد.
رئیس دفتر نمایندگی وزارت امور خارجه در استان اصفهان ادامه داد: در این زمینه شهرداری و استانداری اصفهان در حال بررسی پیشنهادات هستند تا بر اساس وضعیت اقتصادی کشور مشخص شود کدام برنامهها اجرا شود. همکاری ایران و روسیه هم از نظر سیاسی و هم از نظر اقتصادی در سطح بالایی است و ما در زمینه گردشگری به این ارتباطات احتیاج داریم.
سالاریان با اشاره به اینکه اصفهان نیازمند ارتباط بیشتر به خصوص در بخش گردشگری است، افزود: آژانسهای بین المللی باید پیگیر شوند و مدام برای گردشگری در تلاش باشند. ما نباید هیئتهای خارجی که به کشورمان سفر کردهاند را رها کنیم، چراکه با رها کردن آنها این سفرها فایدهای برای کشور نخواهد داشت.
وی با بیان اینکه امسال شهر «ایسی» فرانسه نیز از مسئولان شهری اصفهان دعوت کرده است، گفت: متأسفانه مسؤلان برای سفرهای خارجی خود معذوریت دارند که از آنها انتقاد نشود و به دلیل این مشکلات گاهی کلاً قید سفرهای اینچنینی را میزنند.
رئیس دفتر نمایندگی وزارت امور خارجه در استان اصفهان تصریح کرد: یکی از ارتباطات سهل الوصول، دیپلماسی شهری است، پس این سفرهای خارجی لازم است. یک بخش از کار استاندار و شهردار رفتن به سفر خارجی برای بستن قرار داد است و باید بستر را برای این سفرها فراهم کنیم.
سالاریان تاکید کرد: ایجاد کارگروه خواهرخواندگی در اصفهان از اهمیت بالایی برخوردار است و باید ترکیبی از دستگاههای ذیربط در این کارگروه تصمیم بگیرند.
وی با بیان اینکه داشتن خواهرخوانده بهتر از نداشتن آن است، ادامه داد: اصفهان با سبقه تاریخی خود در دنیا باید بیش از ۵۰ خواهرخوانده داشته باشد. برای این کار باید بسترها فراهم شود و آژانسها باید بهتر از قبل عمل کنند.
رئیس دفتر نمایندگی وزارت امور خارجه در استان اصفهان، اظهار کرد: اصفهان باید پایهگذار دیپلماسی گردشگری در کشور باشد و نمایشگاه گردشگری اصفهان در ۲۸ خرداد ۹۸ میتواند یک گام در این جهت باشد. برای این کار سفارتهای همه کشورهای دنیا را درگیر کار کردهایم، اما ۲۰ کشور از جمله چین، آلمان، اسپانیا، ایتالیا و … برای ما مهمتر بوده و بر روی آنها تمرکز کردهایم.
سالاریان در خصوص وضعیت خطوط هوایی گفت: شرکت هواپیمایی قطری و ترکی میتوانند در کشور خطوط هوایی را در دست بگیرند، اما متأسفانه عدهای میگویند کشور را در بست در اختیار دیگران قرار دادهایم، نباید چنین دیدگاههای در کشور وجود داشته باشد.
وی افزود: در سال ۹۷ چیزی حدود ۳۴ هزار فقره تأیید سند در این نمایندگی انجام شده است، اما از سویی دیگر آمار روادید فرودگاهی در سال ۹۷ نسبت به سال ۹۶ کاهش پیدا کرده است.
رئیس دفتر نمایندگی وزارت امور خارجه در استان اصفهان، خاطرنشان کرد: متأسفانه صدا و سیما که از بودجه ملی هم هست در خصوص گردشگری کاری انجام نمیدهد و سوال ما این است که چرا از این موضوع استفاده نمیکنیم.
سالاریان تصریح کرد: یاندونگ سنگاپور، کراکف لهستان، حیدرآباد هند، سمرقند، بخارا و بوسان کره جنوبی پیشنهادهایی برای خواهرخواندگی داشتهاند که باید اجرایی شود.
انتهای پیامHobbes, Lev XII
From Textop Wiki
CHAPTER XII: OF RELIGION
1. SEEING there are no signs nor fruit of religion but in man only, there is no cause to doubt but that the seed of religion is also only in man; and consisteth in some peculiar quality, or at least in some eminent degree thereof, not to be found in other living creatures.
2. And first, it is peculiar to the nature of man to be inquisitive into the causes of the events they see, some more, some less, but all men so much as to be curious in the search of the causes of their own good and evil fortune.
3. Secondly, upon the sight of anything that hath a beginning, to think also it had a cause which determined the same to begin then when it did, rather than sooner or later.
- We naturally seek causes for anything that has a beginning.
- Secondly, [it is a “seed of religion” that] upon the sight of anything that hath a beginning, to think also it had a cause which determined the same to begin then when it did, rather than sooner or later.
- Hobbes, Lev XII 3
4. Thirdly, whereas there is no other felicity of beasts but the enjoying of their quotidian food, ease, and lusts; as having little or no foresight of the time to come for want of observation and memory of the order, consequence, and dependence of the things they see; man observeth how one event hath been produced by another, and remembereth in them antecedence and consequence; and when he cannot assure himself of the true causes of things (for the causes of good and evil fortune for the most part are invisible), he supposes causes of them, either such as his own fancy suggesteth, or trusteth to the authority of other men such as he thinks to be his friends and wiser than himself.
5. The two first make anxiety. For being assured that there be causes of all things that have arrived hitherto, or shall arrive hereafter, it is impossible for a man, who continually endeavoureth to secure himself against the evil he fears, and procure the good he desireth, not to be in a perpetual solicitude of the time to come; so that every man, especially those that are over-provident, are in an estate like to that of Prometheus. For as Prometheus (which, interpreted, is the prudent man) was bound to the hill Caucasus, a place of large prospect, where an eagle
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底也没有任何杂物，不像其他古井，井底常存留一些水桶的杂件等。因此有一个猜测：挖掘此井并非日常使用。
带着这些疑问，我们请教了有关专家。据专家分析：桂公府新发现的这口井是风水井，埋入地下，是“阴井”也叫“暗井”。自古以来人们用井象征财富，暗井就是暗财的意思。据井口形状来看，此井是“六合井”。何为“六合”，说法各异，有“上下与四方为六合”，也有“天地人福禄寿”之说，专家倾向于后者。
奇怪的是，堂堂桂公府为何用暗井？专家解释说，承恩公桂祥是朝廷命官，是拿国家俸禄的“公务员”，应当是“清廉”的，是不能发财的。但是谁不想发财呀，既然不能发明财那就发暗财，借助暗井发暗财，真可谓用心良苦。
桂公府老井的发现，丰富了文物资源，有利于文物保护单位的开发利用。如今，桂公府已是某餐饮公司接待宾客的食府，专家建议把暗井改为明井，加上井口石，取名就叫“六合井”。井中的清水虽说不多，但沏几壶香茗还是绰绰有余，用此来招待贵宾，说明缘由，必是一段佳话。
GMT+8, 2017-3-25 13:52 , Processed in 0.181256 second(s), 24 queries , Gzip On.
道义 良知 责任 担当
CopyRight © 2000-2016 Oldbeijing Inc. All Rights Reserved.A cancerous tumor.
A malignant tumor—in contrast to a benign tumor—is one that spreads throughout the tissues or organ in which it originates and expands to other parts of the body as well (metastasizes). A malignant tumor is usually life-threatening, causing death if it remains untreated. If treated, the spread of a malignant tumor may be slowed or even arrested. Depending on the amount of tissue damage prior to treatment, tissue or organ function may be compromised.the 15th cent. as a period in Italian art and literature
Origin of quattrocentoIt, four hundred: short for mille quattrocento, one thousand four hundred
The 15th-century period of Italian art and literature.
Origin of quattrocentoItalian short for (mil) quattrocento one thousand four hundred quattro four ( from Latin quattuor ; see kwetwer- in Indo-European roots.) cento hundred ( from Latin centum ; see dek&mlowring; in Indo-European roots.)1st July 1856
Imperforate, no watermark, typographed.
Printed by the Prussian State Printing Works, Berlin
|Four ¼schilling red||1||1|
This is a charmingly small stamp, designed to be subdivided to accommodate various postal rates. Each fraction being regarded as a stamp in its own right, at 12x12mm in 1856, it was the smallest first issue, though later undertaken in 1863 by Bolivar's 8x9.5mm first set. Brunswick made a similar, slightly larger issue in 1857, though not as its first stamp.
Mecklenburg-Schwerin joined the North German Confederation at the end of 1867 and ceased to issue its own stamps.
Get an overview of Germany and German States 1849 - 1872.Peat is destroying the environment and is no longer necessary in the modern garden says Alys Fowler, presenter on BBC Gardeners World and The Edible Garden: “I think there needs to be more education about the benefits of non-peat compost – it can be just as effective as peat. As well as reducing carbon emissions and protecting peat bog habitats, peat-free compost is also a great way of recycling our waste. Just as we do not have endless peatbogs, we also do not have bottomless landfill sites. I think a tax on peat products would make a real difference – if the alternatives are cheaper then people will buy them and we can make a real difference for our environment.”
In his recent column in Gardeners' World magazine, Alan Titchmarsh admitted he still uses peat: "Apparently we generate greenhouse gases and our carbon footprints are a size 13 wellie.While never using pure peat, he says: “Do I use it in compost? Sometimes. The great advantage of peat is that it is stable and lacking in any kind of plant toxin. Should I stop growing plants that will only survive in compost-containing peat? I would rather not. Does this make me cavalier in my lack of responsibility for the environment? Certainly not. When sufficient funding is poured into discovering a perfect substitute for peat, I shall use it."
Peat is still the best material for potting and growing certain plants says Charles Dowding author of Organic Gardening: The Natural No Dig Way “If gardeners use peat, it is mostly in small, precious amounts for raising plants in plugs and pots, taking advantage of peat’s ability to hold larger amounts of moisture and nutrients than many other mediums. I would never spread peat around the garden as a soil improver; green waste compost is better for that, and usually cheaper. But green waste compost is not an ideal potting medium, often containing pieces of wood that pull nutrients away from plants, as the wood decomposes. This does not matter when it is used as a garden mulch (and don’t dig it in!) but can spoil growth of small plants in pots. I have successfully used, for many years, a compost based on recycled peat, sieved out of Yorkshire reservoirs to clean the water (West Riding Organics www.organiccompost.org.uk).”
There are plenty of alternatives says Emma Cooper, author of The Alternative Kitchen Garden: growing edible & useful plants in a sustainable way: "I have been gardening for about 10 years now, and almost entirely without peat - so I would definitely say it was possible. The only time I have used peat was for plants (carnivorous plants) that really need it - and then I used the Moorland Gold brand, which is a filtered from run-off water and doesn't involve digging peat from bogs and fens."
Peat free compost is improving says Helen Riches, garden designer: "I do try to use peat free whenever possible. Last year when I grew ‘summer pots from seeds’ for BBC Gardeners World Magazine and was looking for peat free seed compost, all the local supplies either didn’t stock it, or ran out of it early in the season and didn’t restock. In general, I have found peat free multi purpose increasingly good and no doubt will continue to improve. I agree, the public do need to be kept aware of the issues."Lugoj ile Rusçuk arası yol güzergahı tarifi ve yol mesafesi ne kadar ile birlikte yol kaç km sürüyor öğrenmek için aşağıdaki yol tarifi haritasına bakınız. Lugoj, Romanya ile Rusçuk, Bulgaristan arasında karayolu vasıtası ile araç ile seyahat etmek isteyeneler yol tarifi ve güzergah rotasını izlereyek yolculuğu planlayabilirler. İyi yolculuklar dileriz.
Lugoj ile Rusçuk arası mesafe 504 kilometre dir.
Lugoj ile Rusçuk arasıdaki seyahat süresi otomobil ile yaklaşık olarak sürmektedir.08/05/2018 09:16
Non è fuori pericolo ma Alex Ferguson sta dando segnali positivi dopo l'operazione per un'emorragia cerebrale alla quale era stato sottoposto sabato scorso al Royal Hospital di Salford. L'ex leggendario tecnico del Manchester United, 76 anni, è uscito dal coma, si è seduto e ha parlato con familiari e amici per qualche minuto. I medici sono soddisfatti del decorso post-operatorio e c'è cauto ottimismo per un totale recupero di Sir Alex, anche se la strada da percorrere è ancora molto lunga.[La Gran Época 13 de septiembre de 2021]（大纪元记者李岩全文） 2001年9月11日，纽约世贸中心双子塔在自杀式炸弹袭击中倒塌。 如今，新的世界贸易中心一号楼再次从零地升起，美国历史上最昂贵的摩天大楼的入住率已超过90%。
《华尔街日报》报道称，这座 541 米高的写字楼取代了原来的双塔（北塔和南塔），成为美国有史以来建造的最昂贵的摩天大楼，耗资 38 亿美元。 如今，该大楼 310 万平方英尺（约 28,800 平方米）的 90% 以上已出租，与曼哈顿中城的其他现代办公楼处于同一水平。
据大楼业主和纽约和新泽西港务局透露，自七年前世贸中心一号楼开业以来，整个世贸中心综合体一直没有盈利。 港务局年报显示，2020年世贸中心支出3.35亿美元，超过收入3.28亿美元。
2010 年，港务局邀请私人开发商道格拉斯·德斯特 (Douglas Durst) 帮助“填平”大楼。 他表示，多年来租赁工作进展缓慢，部分原因是世贸中心遭到潜在租户的抵制，这与当年的恐怖袭击有关。
“当我们与大租户谈判时，总有人说他们在这个地方不舒服。” Duster 说：“所以我们最终会租给较小的租户，而且（你的）CEO 可以告诉员工，’如果不是，如果你不想来这里，你不必强迫它。’
世贸中心综合体位于美国纽约曼哈顿下城，最初由6栋建筑组成，归新西兰港务局所有。 自 1973 年 4 月 4 日开业以来，这两座双子塔已成为纽约最著名的地标之一。 “北塔”和“南塔”是当时世界上最高的建筑，超过了同样位于曼哈顿的帝国大厦。
然而，在2001年9月11日发生的一系列自杀式恐怖袭击中，双子塔相继倒塌； 其他世贸中心建筑也被完全摧毁或严重损坏。 目前正在重建中。
根据重建计划，将建造5座摩天大楼和一座遇难者纪念碑。 其中一栋是新的主楼，而第六栋将不会重建。 截至2020年7月，1号楼、3号楼、4号楼、7号楼改造工程已完成，2号楼计划于2022年竣工，5号楼建设方案已敲定。
重建后的世贸中心一号楼（1 WTC）共有地上 94 层和地下 5 层，高度为 1,776 英尺（541 米）。 这个高度是为纪念1776年签署的《美国独立宣言》而设立的。该建筑原名为自由塔，2009年改为现名。2006年4月27日动工，竣工2014 年 11 月 3 日。它是美国和纽约最高的建筑，使其成为世界贸易中心的主楼。
不过，业主们表示，随着工作场所员工的更换，人们对世贸中心工作的态度正在发生变化。 今天的很多员工都是2001年9月11日的年轻人。在他们看来，9月11日的事件或者只是一个遥远的历史事件，与人身安全无关。
“我认为大多数年轻人不认为（在世界贸易中心工作）是危险的，”26 岁的《纽约客》杂志高级编辑泰勒·福加特说。
“当我来到‘纽约客’接受采访时，我发现我必须经过一个贸易中心。我认为这是世界上最酷的事情。” 他说：“我没想太多他与 9/11 事件的联系。”
Duster 表示，该建筑 310 万平方英尺（约 28,800 平方米）的 90% 以上已出租，使其与曼哈顿市中心的其他现代办公楼处于同一水平。
Duster 补充说，9/11 的问题现在很少被提及。 他说：“我们很少听到这个话题。”
该经纪人表示，随着附近建筑物的增加以及阻止公众进入的围栏的拆除，新的世贸中心开始看起来像一座现代化的办公楼而不是建筑工地，对可能的租户的恐惧也减少了。
根据《零地电力》一书的作者林恩·萨加林 (Lynne Sagalyn) 的说法，该物业由政府补贴，因此租房者的租金低于类似地点。
一号楼在改造过程中遭受了巨大的成本超支。 与开发商Silverstein Properties总裁拉里·西尔弗斯坦(Larry Silverstein)控制的另外两座写字楼相比，重建速度较慢。
不过，昭华斯坦首席执行官马蒂·伯格表示：“重建世贸中心从来都不是为了钱。”
港务局发言人表示，世贸中心一号“对 9/11 事件后曼哈顿下城的恢复至关重要”。
在这片16英亩的土地上，除了包括一号楼、购物中心和9/11纪念馆在内的三栋办公楼外，还有一个名为“Oculus”（Oculus）的交通枢纽。
此外，正在建造一个表演艺术中心和一座希腊东正教教堂，以取代 9 月 11 日被摧毁的教堂。 预计2023年开业，另外两栋办公楼和一栋住宅楼也在规划中，但尚未开工建设。
主编：林燕#In 2008, Jeff Ammon, 55, began noticing a feeling of pressure in his ears every day after work.
Over the next months, when his symptoms progressed into a slight loss of hearing and sensitivity to noise, he became worried. Ammon, a construction worker for 32 years, eventually started wearing ear protection hoping this would address these complaints – but it was too late.
From that point on, sounds ranging from the hum of a lawnmower to normal tones of conversation caused a piercing, jabbing pain in his inner ear. He stopped working in 2011, when the pain became unbearable. He also hears ringing in his ears and experiences dizziness, both side effects of the auditory damage.
“It’s debilitating … completely,” he said.
Ammon spent almost all of his working life surrounded by the loud noises of jackhammers, saws and air compressors.
Ammon worked for several small construction companies building houses. He said he was never told to wear ear protection. His colleagues didn’t wear it either. No one talked about it and, even when he worked with loud equipment, he wasn’t aware of the need for ear protection.
He applied for Social Security disability benefits but was rejected because his condition was not on the Social Security Administration’s list of medical diseases considered disabling. When he first experienced his symptoms, he visited dozens of audiologists who only told him he had slight hearing loss. Research linking hyperacusis – unusual tolerance toward ordinary sounds – and pain was only at its infancy. Specific treatments still are not available for people with this type of hearing damage.
These days, he experiments with new medications or therapies, hoping for more awareness about the illness – and about protecting hearing at the workplace. He is waiting for the third appeal for Social Security disability benefits.
“I’m hearing a little more about it, but not nearly enough,” he said. “And it needs to start at the workplace.”
Now he avoids going outdoors, choosing instead to stay in his soundproof basement in Lebanon, Pa., and communicate with his doctor mostly through an online patient portal.
“The medication to address pain has not been very successful at all. … I’m also on some medication for stress, anxiety and depression,” he said. “It has isolated me from society.”
NEED TO KNOW
Noise, or unwanted sound, is one of the most pervasive occupational health problems. It is a by-product of many industrial processes. Sound consists of pressure changes in a medium (usually air), caused by vibration or turbulence. These pressure changes produce waves emanating away from the turbulent or vibrating source. Exposure to high levels of noise causes hearing loss and may cause other harmful health effects as well. The extent of damage depends primarily on the intensity of the noise and the duration of the exposure.
Noise-induced hearing loss can be temporary or permanent. Temporary hearing loss results from short-term exposures to noise, with normal hearing returning after period of rest. Generally, prolonged exposure to high noise levels over a period of time gradually causes permanent damage.
OSHA’s Hearing Conservation Program is designed to protect workers with significant occupational noise exposures from hearing impairment even if they are subject to such noise exposures over their entire working lifetimes.
What monitoring is required?
The Hearing Conservation Program requires employers to monitor noise exposure levels in a way that accurately identifies employees exposed to noise at or above 85 decibels (dB) averaged over 8 working hours, or an 8-hour time-weighted average (TWA). Employers must monitor all employees whose noise exposure is equivalent to or greater than a noise exposure received in 8 hours where the noise level is constantly 85 dB. The exposure measurement must include all continuous, intermittent, and impulsive noise within an 80 dB to 130 dB range and must be taken during a typical work situation. This requirement is performance-oriented because it allows employers to choose the monitoring method that best suits each individual situation.
Employers must repeat monitoring whenever changes in production, process, or controls increase noise exposure.
Employees are entitled to observe monitoring procedures and must receive notification of the results of exposure monitoring. The method used to notify employees is left to the employer’s discretion.
Employers must carefully check or calibrate instruments used for monitoring employee exposures to ensure that the measurements are accurate. Calibration procedures are unique to specific instruments. Employers should follow the manufacturer’s instructions to determine when and how extensively to calibrate the instrument.
What is audiometric testing?
The employer must establish and maintain an audiometric testing program. The important elements of the program include baseline audiograms, annual audiograms, training, and follow-up procedures. Employers must make audiometric testing available at no cost to all employees who are exposed to an action level of 85 dB or above, measured as an 8-hour TWA.
The audiometric testing program follow-up should indicate whether the employer’s hearing conservation program is preventing hearing loss. A licensed or certified audiologist, otolaryngologist, or another physician must be responsible for the
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week, but take note that the water must be allowed to drain away completely through a very open, aggregate-rich, humus soil.
In fact, the best soil to plant them in is often just comprised of pieces of bark, which they really enjoy.
This mimics the natural surroundings of most species: many are suited to a forest floor cluttered with fallen tree bark or branches, while some kinds even grow right on the branches of trees, with no soil at all! In fact, you can actually grow orchids right on trees yourself at home!
I’m a bit of a sucker for beautiful orchids, especially those with green flowers.
I simply cannot go past a display in the supermarket or garden center without buying at least just one. They are an addiction!
But I am in fact addicted to all of my green flowers, really – and I plan to go on collecting many more, for a very long time. Hellebores, auriculas, orchids… you name it!
There are so many green flowers out there, and I really can’t get enough of them. I hope that my passion for this interesting class of flowers has inspired you, and that the bug has bitten you, too.
What green flowers interest you the most? Have you seen any interesting breeds, cultivars, or species before that I haven’t mentioned in this article?
Which are your favorites? Are you an expert on green flowers yourself – and have some wonderful tips or secrets to share?
We’d love to hear from you! Please don’t be shy about commenting below.
And if you’re more into a different hue, check out our post on native blue wildflowers.
Uncredited photos: ShutterstockSatellite transmitters have been used to track wildlife since the 1980’s (Hart and Hyrenbach 2009). In that time, technological advances have expanded satellite transmitters from a tool that could once only be used on large terrestrial mammals to a tool for tracking smaller animals at increasingly higher resolutions (Kays et al. 2015). Several reviews have summarized the decades of tracking data that have accumulated for species ranging from birds to mammals to reptiles (Hart and Hyrenbach 2009, Hammerschlag et al. 2011)
Platform Transmitting Terminals (PTT)
PTTs are transmitters that send user-defined periodic messages to the Argos system, a global satellite-based location and data collection system dedicated to studying and protecting our planet’s environment. The polar-orbiting satellites making up Argos fly at an orbit of 850 km above the earth. They pick up the signals, store them on-board, and relay them in real-time back to earth. Receiving stations then relay data from satellites to processing centers. These processing centers collect all incoming data, process them and distribute them to users.
The Argos system calculates locations by measuring the Doppler Effect on transmission frequency (401.650 MHz ± 30 kHz). The Doppler Effect is the change in frequency of a sound wave or electromagnetic wave that occurs when the source of vibration and observer are moving relative to each other. Argos users receive data directly in their office or on-site, depending on their choice (email, web, or directly on mapping software).
Global Positioning System (GPS) Data Loggers
The Global Positioning System is a freely accessible global navigation satellite system, maintained by the United States government, which is used to provide location and time information in all weather anywhere on earth. So long as a GPS receiver has unobstructed line-of-sight to four or more GPS satellites, it can use the information (time of transmission, precise orbital information of the satellite, and general system health/rough orbits of all GPS satellites) transmitted in order to calculate accurate time and location.
GPS data loggers do not maintain continuous location data, but instead calculate location at user-defined intervals, leaving a “breadcrumb” view of the path taken by the logger. In order to access this data, the animal carrying the GPS logger must be recaptured and the data downloaded, usually from an internal memory drive similar to a USB drive.
GPS/PTT transmitters, also known as “data pushers,” use the GPS or PTT system in order to determine location, then “push” (send) this data to a determined server at certain intervals. GPS/PTT transmitters are very useful because it is unnecessary to re-capture the animal in order to collect data. However, they are heavier than GPS data loggers, and thus cannot be used on smaller animals (such as songbirds). While GPS/PTT transmitters are usually used to track the location of an animal, when vaginally implanted in a pregnant animal they can be used to determine the site at which the animal gives birth.
The primary limitation in using PTT tags is their size, which is often too large for many smaller migratory species. Satellite tags require large batteries to power the tag and send satellite signals (Bridge et al. 2011). Technological advances are pushing the size smaller, and creating opportunities to track species that previously were too small (Scarpignato et al. 2016).
As the tracking technology improves, higher resolution data will also increasingly become available for more species. This will require analytic tools to keep pace with technology to make use of the growing tracking data that become available (Hebblewhite and Haydon 2010, Kays et al. 2015).
Another limitation to satellite telemetry is that the tags require clear signal path to transmit data. This can be affected by environmental characteristics that obstruct the signal, species traits, satellite coverage, and other factors (Christin et al. 2015, Hofman et al. 2019). Previously functioning tags may also stop transmitting, which can be caused by battery exhaustion, antenna loss, and a variety of other reasons (Hays et al. 2007). These are considerations that researchers should take into account when designing studies, deploying tags, and analyzing data.
Edited by: Matthew Johnson (USGS Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center, [email protected]), 2014.
Updated by: Allison Huysman (Migratory Connectivity Project, [email protected]), 2020.
- Bridge, E.S., K. Thorup, M.S. Bowlin, P.B. Chilson, R.H. Diehl, R.W. Fléron, P. Hartl, R. Kays, J.F. Kelly, W.D. Robinson, and M. Wikelski. 2011. Technology on the move: Recent and forthcoming innovations for tracking migratory birds. BioScience 61(9): 689-698.
- Christin, S., M.-H. St-Laurent, D. Berteaux. 2015. Evaluation of Argos telemetry accuracy in the High-Arctic and implications for the estimation of home-range size. PLoS ONE 10(11): e0141999.
- Hammerschlag, N., A.J. Gallagher, and D.M. Lazarre. 2011. A review of shark satellite tagging studies. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 398(1-2): 1-8.
- Hart, K.M. and K.D. Hyrenbach. 2009. Satellite telemetry of marine megavertebrates: the coming of age of an experimental science. Endangered Species Research 10: 9-10.
- Hays, G.C., C.J.A. Bradshaw, M.C. James, P. Lovell, and D.W. Sims. 2007. Why do Argos satellite tags deployed on marine animals stop transmitting? Journal of Experimental Marine Biology & Ecology 349: 52-60
- Hebblewhite, M. and D.T. Haydon. 2010. Distinguishing technology from biology: a critical review of the use of GPS telemetry data in ecology. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 365: 2303-2312.
- Hofman, M.P.G., et al. 2019. Right on track? Performance of satellite telemetry in terrestrial wildlife research. PLos ONE 14(5): e0216223.
- Kays, R., M.C. Crofoot, W. Jetz, and M. Wikelski. 2015. Terrestrial animal tracking as an eye on life and planet. Science 348(6240): aaa2478-1-aaa2478-9.
- Scarpignato, A.L., A.-L. Harrison, D.J. Newstead, L.J. Niles, R.R. Porter, M. Van den Tillaart, and P.P. Marra. 2016. Field-testing new miniaturized GPS-Argos satellite transmitter (3.5 g) on migratory shorebirds. Wader Study 123(3).Donatien Alphonse François de Sade, the infamous Marquis de Sade, noted for his erotic tales that glamorized cruelty and depravity, was born in Paris to a rich and noble family in 1740. Educated in a Jesuit college, he, nonetheless, pursued a military career and then married, took a mistress and consorted with prostitutes. After escaping the death penalty and fleeing to Italy, he fell into a corrupt life filled with orgies and hired sex slaves. Back in France, he was imprisoned in the Bastille when he wrote the first draft of "Justine." He finished it in 1791 after his release.
"Justine or Good Conduct Well Chastised" is the tale of two orphaned sisters who are banished from a convent. Justine and Juliette travel to London with the hope of finding fortune and fame. Once they are in the city, the two sisters go their separate ways.
Juliette seeks out a woman who runs a house of prostitution. The woman promises her that if she stays with her, in 10 years she will be wealthy and much sought after. As it happened, a wealthy nobleman fell in love with and married Juliette when she was 20. Juliette conspired to hasten her husband's journey to the tomb and soon was a rich widow living in luxury. Although her heart is corrupt, she became adapt at playing the innocent and childlike young widow.
Justine attempts to maintain her morality and her virtue. When she goes to a clergyman for council, she is forced to rebuff his advances. Thus, the stage is set for Justine's future. Wherever she turns, she is battered and abused, tormented and tortured. Every time Justine trusts a stranger, the stranger turns out to be a monster. Throughout the book, de Sade places Justine in one brutal situation and circumstance after another. Ultimately, the greatly maltreated Justine ends up in chains and is rescued by her sister Juliette. Awaiting a court appearance, Justine is staying with her sister when a storm breaks. Rushing to a window to close the shutters, Justine is struck by lightning and killed.
After depicting Justine's cruel treatment by brutal and corrupt people and portraying all sorts of horrific abuses heaped upon her, de Sade rationalizes the novel by informing readers that Justine's fate was a moral lesson and that "true happiness is to be found nowhere but in Virtue's womb, and that if, in keeping with designs it is not for us to fathom, God permits that it be persecuted on Earth, it is so that Virtue may be compensated by Heaven's most dazzling rewards."با توجه به افزایش شهاب سنگی سایت های رسانه های اجتماعی مانند توییتر و فیس بوک ، شرکت ها شروع به جمع آوری داده های جمع آوری شده از این سایت های اجتماعی و کاربران آنها در بسیاری از جنبه های تجارت خود از بازاریابی گرفته تا مسائل داخلی منابع انسانی - و این دلیل خوبی دارند.
La حجم زیاد داده های شبکه های اجتماعی تجزیه و تحلیل آن را فوق العاده دشوار می کند. با این حال ، سرویس های مختلف داده ای در حال ظهور هستند تا به چالش معنادار کردن همه این اطلاعات بالقوه مفید مصرف کننده پاسخ دهند. در اینجا پنج بینش وجود دارد که داده های اجتماعی می توانند برای مشاغل ارائه دهند.
- حالت بازار در زمان واقعی - گفتگوی رسانه های اجتماعی فوری ، بدون وقفه و همه جا است. به همین ترتیب ، می تواند به عنوان خط لوله مستقیم افکار عمومی عمل کند. این اطلاعات بیان شده به شرکتها فرصت مغز مصرفی در زمان واقعی را می دهد و اجازه می دهد احساسات مثبت یا منفی در مقیاس وسیع یا در هر موضوع ، شرکت یا محصول خاص ارزیابی شود.
- موضوعات و مطالب مرتبط - همانطور که توییت های مختلف ، پست های دیواری و وضعیت های فیس بوک نشان دهنده نبض وضعیت فعلی در بازار است ، این رسانه های اجتماعی همچنین می توانند روند مربوط به مهمترین موضوعات و محتوای تولید شده توسط یک شرکت را نشان دهند. استفاده كردن خدمات داده پیگیری پاسخ به کمپین های بازاریابی به یک شرکت کمک می کند تا آنچه را که موفق است و آنچه باید اصلاح شود را کاهش دهد.
- علایق کاربر بازتوییت ، اشتراک گذاری و دکمه "مانند" فیس بوک به معنای واقعی کلمه منافع کاربر را منعکس می کند و نگرش در مورد طیف بی نهایت گسترده ای از موضوعات. تجزیه و تحلیل این داده ها می تواند نشانه هایی از ویژگی های خاص یک موضوع ، شرکت ، خدمات یا محصول به ویژه مطلوب یا نامطلوب باشد و تصمیمات مربوط به استراتژی های بازاریابی یا تجاری یا حتی توسعه محصول را مطلع سازد.
- معیارهای عملیاتی داخلی - داده های اجتماعی را می توان از تعاملات فراتر از سیستم عامل های بزرگ رسانه ای مانند توییتر و فیس بوک به دست آورد. فعالیت آنلاین و مشارکت جامعه در برابر یک زمینه جغرافیایی را نیز می توان به این مخلوط اضافه کرد تا بینش خاصی در مورد عملکرد داخلی کارمندان یک شرکت نشان دهد. پیگیری این نوع داده های اجتماعی و الگوهای رفتاری همراه با معیارهایی مانند گردش کارکنان می تواند به اطلاع رسانی روش های بهبود عملکرد و سودآوری کارکنان کمک کند.
- تحقیقات رقابتی - شرکتهایی که از آنها استفاده می کنند بزرگ داده تجزیه و تحلیل از رسانه های اجتماعی همیشه لازم نیست که به صراحت بر روی گفتگوی اطراف شرکت خود تمرکز کنند. نگاهی به رقبا و آنچه مشتریان آنها می گویند می تواند به همان اندازه برای مدیریت و موقعیت تجاری برند نیز روشنگر باشد.
تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از رسانه های اجتماعی مشکل است زیرا داده های استخراج شده اعداد و ارقام ساده نیستند. در اینجا ، سرویس های داده باید بیان کیفی نظرات و فعالیت ها را درک کنند ، که برای تجزیه و تحلیل نیاز به فرآیندهای جدید دارد. اگرچه این می تواند یک کار دلهره آور باشد ، داده های اجتماعی می توانند بینشی ارائه دهند و تصمیماتی را به دست آورند که به شرکت ها در بازار قدرت می دهد.
اعتبار تصویر: Insight.comSinan bir yandan evcilik oyununu devam ettirmeye çalışırken bir yandan da bu durumu herkesten gizlemek için uğraşır. Bülent’in aslında kendisine evlenme teklifi etmediğini öğrenen Başak kayıplara karışır. Herkes Başak’ı aramak için seferber olur. Bu süreçte Pelin ve Sinan zorunlu olarak yan yana gelirler. Aralarındaki gerilim artarken Pelin; Sinan’la Rüzgar’ın oyununu öğrenmeye bir adım daha yaklaşır.Güncelleme Tarihi:
Bulmacada Sıvıdaki Alkol Derecesi sorusunun yanıtı tektir ve yanıt için ayrılmış olan 5 harfli kutucuğun içerisinde Grado yazılması gerekir.
Bulmacada Sıvıdaki Alkol Derecesi Cevabı Nedir?
Bulmaca sevilerek çözülen eğlenceli kelime oyunları arasında yer alır. Özellikle kelimeler ile ilgili bilgi sahibi olmak isteyen kişiler bulmaca çözerek kelimelerin anlamlarını da öğrenmektedir. Bulmacada yüzlerce farklı soru sorulması ihtimali vardır ve bu soruların yanıtlarını da bilmek mümkün değildir.
Bulmaca çözerken yanıtlar hakkında bilgisi olmayan kişiler bu yanıtları internetten araştırmakta ve bu sayede bulmacayı tamamlamaktadır. Bulmacada Sıvıdaki Alkol Derecesi cevabı tek bir cevaptır ve yanıt kısmına Grado yazılması doğru olur.
Harf Sayısına Göre Sıvıdaki Alkol Derecesi Cevapları
Bulmacada her bir sorunun yanıtı diğer soru yanıtları için ipucu niteliğindedir ve bu nedenle ne kadar fazla cevap verilirse bulmaca o kadar hızlı tamamlanmaktadır. Bulmacada sorulan Sıvıdaki Alkol Derecesi sorusunun yanıtı Grado yanıtıdır ve yanıt kısmına 5 harfli bir kelime olan Grado kelimesini yazmak gerekir."Come ti chiami?".
"Non lo so. Non ho ancora deciso con che nome mi presentero' durante questo viaggio".
Il pellegrino spirituale e' tedesco, sui quaranta e alto, parecchio alto. Ha fatto ogni lavoro possibile, compresi l'insegnante di yoga e l'istruttore di canoa. Ha viaggiato ovunque, preferibilmente in Asia e in Sud America. Racconta storie meravigliose.
Nel 1998 un guru indiano gli ha cambiato nome. Da Torsten a Nilsandei. Significa "consapevolezza al di la' del dubbio". Trattandosi di un viaggio spirituale e' quasi sicuro che si presentera' cosi' anche nei prossimi giorni. O forse usera' il nomignolo che gli ha dato una maestra di massaggi birmana.
Oggi abbiamo scavalcato i Pirenei insieme, io e il pellegrino spirituale. Ieri lui ha cercato di portarsi a letto la pellegrina pazza. Lei pero' ha preferito mettersi in marcia e attraversare il bosco al buio piuttosto che godersi delle splendide lenzuola pulite e soprattutto gratis.
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Posta un commentoمدیرعامل بانک دی با اشاره به امضای تفاهمنامه همکاری این بانک با ستاد بازسازی عتبات عالیات گفت: این تفاهمنامه می تواند بخشی از تبلور عشق و علاقه شیعیان ایرانی در بازسازی حرم ائمه معصومین(ع) را نمایش دهد.
به گزارش ایرنا از بنیاد شهید، مدیرعامل بانک دی و رییس ستاد بازسازی عتبات عالیات در حاشیه چهارمین همایش تحول از نگاه دی، تفاهمنامه همکاری در زمینه بازسازی عتبات عالیات امضا کردند.
«احمد شفیع زاده» گفت: بانک دی با انعقاد این تفاهمنامه می تواند بخشی از تبلور عشق و علاقه شیعیان ایرانی در بازسازی حرم ائمه معصومین(ع) را نمایش دهد.
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False! A baby cannot catch SIDS. SIDS is not caused by an infection, so it can’t be caught or spread.
True or False: Cribs cause SIDS.
False! Cribs don’t cause SIDS, but a dangerous sleep environment—like a soft sleep surface covered in pillows, stuffed animals and blankets can. Find out more about how to create a safe sleep environment for your infant with a Baby Box.
True or False: Babies who are sleeping on their backs can choke if they spit up or vomit during sleep.
False! Studies show no increase in the number of deaths from choking among babies who sleep on their backs. In fact, some research suggests that babies that sleep on their backs can clear fluids better because their bodies are designed to clear their airways this way.
True or False: SIDS can occur at any age.
False! Most SIDS deaths occur between 1 month and 4 months of age and babies are at risk until they are 1 year old. Once they pass the one year mark, SIDS is no longer considered a risk to your child.
True or False: Sleeping with my infant in the same bed can help prevent SIDS.
False! Sleeping with a baby in an adult bed increases the risk of suffocation (remember: soft sleep surfaces with pillows and blankets can be dangerous to your child) and other sleep-related causes of infant death. We know it’s tempting to co-sleep, but having your baby in a separate sleep space (but in the same room as you) is the safest option.
Want more educational tips and tricks from our experts? Visit us at thebabyboxco.com.Benedict Arnold and John André met after midnight on September 22, 1780 to conclude the selling and taking possession of West Point. André, having been picked up from the fourteen-gun British sloop, the Vulture, by two oarsmen, finally met his co-conspirator on a wooded slope south of today’s Haverstraw. Based on Sir Henry Clinton’s readiness to attack West Point, his visit in 1777 after reducing the Twin Forts and sufficient intelligence already fed to him by Arnold, it’s an historical mystery as to why their business remained unfinished by the time Arnold’s agent, Joshua Hett Smith, warned them of approaching daylight. Perhaps there wasn’t enough time to finish all the details, including Arnold’s financial terms, but time and tide wait for no man. The oarsmen had rowed north against the current to reach the beach and now, with the two hour meeting concluded, they were not interested in another trip to the Vulture or being exposed to guard boats after sunrise. André had to be disappointed, especially when Arnold led him past a militia outpost. He must have recalled Clinton’s admonition not to go into enemy territory.
André accompanied Arnold to Smith’s house about two miles north and intended to wait until nightfall before returning to the Vulture. As dawn’s light began to illuminate the river, a four-pounder boomed in the distance. Incredibly, Colonel James Livingston was firing on the Vulture from Teller’s Point. For several days, Livingston had bristled at the sloop anchored in Haverstraw Bay. He had a cannon but no ammunition until the crusty general, John Lamb, sent some along with a letter that characterized the firing of a four-pounder at a sloop-of-war as a “waste of powder.” Nevertheless, the rebel gunners hulled the ship six times and otherwise damaged it sufficiently that its captain ordered it to sail downriver while André watched from the second floor of Smith’s house.
Arnold needed to return to his headquarters at Robinson House to avoid suspicion so around 10 AM he gave André six pages of detailed plans describing West Point’s defenses, most in Arnold’s handwriting, and suggested that André leave his regimentals behind. Arnold instructed Smith to conduct André to safety and left it to Smith to figure the best alternative, by water or land, with a pass for either. André violated Sir Henry Clinton’s warnings to stay in uniform, remain outside enemy lines and carry no incriminating papers. One might wonder why Arnold didn’t exert more effort in getting André back to the Vulture or how he could have relied on an agent like Smith. Arnold may have thought there’d be trouble again finding oarsmen and another boat which he weighed against the risks of sending André by land. With Arnold’s own life on the line, he must have believed that Smith’s respected family and position, the passes Arnold provided and the non-descript clothing André was to wear would ensure success. In André’s opinion, however, “the circuitous route…was imposed (perhaps unavoidably) without alternative, upon me.” Smith turned out to be a thoughtless fool who may have viewed a water borne return as too dangerous and undertook his errand as more of a lark than a matter of life and death.
Reaching the eastern shore of the Hudson just after sunset, Smith chose a less-traveled route rather than the busier coastal road. André’s intention that night was to travel the twenty miles to White Plains. Not far from Peekskill, however, they reached a militia checkpoint. Arnold’s pass worked but the commanding officer warned of roving bands of loyalists in their path so they found a farmhouse to stay overnight.
At daybreak on the 23rd, André’s party were on their way only to be halted again by another militia checkpoint, but Arnold’s pass worked again. André’s relief was short- lived as they met Col. Samuel B. Webb, an American officer just freed by the British. “[André] told me his hair stood erect, and his heart was in his mouth, on meeting Col. Samuel B. Webb…an acquaintance of his. He said the Colonel stared at him, and he thought he was gone, but they kept moving, and soon passed each other. He then thought himself passed all danger.” Smith felt differently. Fearing bands of Loyalists below, Smith announced he couldn’t continue but gave André some of his money and a map. With Smith’s departure toward Arnold’s headquarters, André was alone, hoping, perhaps, to meet one of those Loyalist bands. That mindset may have predisposed him to capture.
Several hours later, a short distance from British lines, André rode up a small rise with the Hudson sparkling in the distance. As he crossed a small bridge outside the village of Tarrytown, he suddenly looked down John Paulding’s musket barrel. Paulding, clad in a green Jaeger’s coat he got after escaping a New York prison, was watching the road along with two others. Being so close to British lines and seeing Paulding’s dress, André assumed they were friendly and quickly acknowledged he was a British officer on an important mission. When Paulding informed him they were Americans, André tried Arnold’s pass. The third time wasn’t a charm. André tried to buy his freedom with promises of anything the three might want. While Paulding listened, the others searched his boots and found the papers. This fellow was a spy!
André was taken to Lt. Col. John Jameson in North Castle, a southernmost post in the American lines. Incredibly, after seeing the incriminating documents, Jameson decided to send André under guard to Arnold with a letter informing him that “John Anderson” (the name used in Arnold’s pass) had been found with “a Parcel of Papers taken from under his Stockings…of a very dangerous Tendency.” These papers included information concerning West Point’s woeful condition—aid and comfort to any enemy. Jameson sent a second letter to Washington on the road from Hartford informing him of the spy’s capture and enclosing the “Parcel of Papers.”
Fortunately, Benjamin Tallmadge arrived in North Castle and, upon being informed of the day’s excitement, privately pointed out to Jameson the “glaring inconsistency” in sending the two dispatches. Eventually, he convinced the befuddled Jameson to recall “Anderson” but the letter warning Arnold continued on. Fortunately for Arnold, a rainstorm delayed both dispatch riders. Tallmadge became André’s personal guard and, by agreement, escorted him to a safer location in the interior.
Monday’s sunrise gave the river a silver cast as Robinson House stirred with the staff preparing for breakfast. Arnold’s bargemen quietly enjoyed the morning calm while the Vulture lay at anchor near Verplanck’s Point waiting and watching for André. Nobody foresaw the brewing perfect storm. Jameson’s messenger to Arnold with news of the capture was heading north, a dispatch rider with proof of the treason was heading west and Washington was heading south, all with the same destination—Arnold’s headquarters—with the traitor now in the crosshairs.
Washington was expected for breakfast and a tour of West Point with Arnold but he diverted to inspect the eastern redoubts. As a result, first to arrive at Robinson House was the news of “Anderson’s” capture. Arnold promptly left the table and went upstairs where he told Peggy he had to flee for his life. When he returned to breakfast he told his aides he was called immediately across the river but would be back soon. Within minutes he was riding hard for his barge.
Second to arrive was Washington, an hour later, surprised at Arnold’s summons to West Point. Surprises would be in abundance that day. When he reached West Point dock, it was deserted, a highly unusual circumstance when the Commander-in-Chief was expected. Another surprise—Arnold was nowhere to be found. With Washington at West Point, the third and final dispatch rider, who’d been looking for Washington on the Hartford road, made his arrival. After seeing the stunning materials, Washington grimly stated that “Arnold is a traitor and has fled to the British. Whom can we trust now?”
When a conspiracy is first discovered, its full extent is usually unknown. Washington didn’t know who he could trust. But the painful blow from a man he’d admired, trusted and sought to help at every turn had to give way to action. A sudden commotion upstairs announced the curtain going up on Peggy Arnold’s encore “Mad Scene” presented earlier just after Arnold fled. It was a virtuoso performance of an inmate from an 18th Century lunatic asylum. It must have been a pitiful site, with tough, war-hardened men trying to assure her she had nothing to fear. The evidence, all circumstantial or hearsay, suggests her involvement but there’s no smoking musket. Was her performance then, consistent with past behavior, a feint to allow her husband to escape or simply the means by which she’d escape future scrutiny and be returned to Philadelphia and eventually to her husband’s companionship? In any event, she was an intelligent and tough woman who could be trusted to serve Arnold as wife, mother, friend and co-conspirator.
Washington’s emotions quickly gave way to action. He alerted his officers to remain vigilant: an attack may be imminent. To Nathanael Greene commanding the army in Tappan, he ordered “You will also hold all the Troops in readiness to move [toward West Point] on the shortest notice.”
No British attack came that night or the next day. In camp, General Orders read “Treason of the blackest dye was yesterday discovered. General Arnold who commanded at West Point, lost to every sentiment of honor, of private and public obligation, was about to deliver up that important post into the hands of the enemy.” Major André and Smith, also arrested, were separately taken to Tappan, NY. Washington followed days later, less concerned of an imminent attack.
On September 29, a Board of General Officers convened to decide André’s fate. It was a Who’s Who of generals including Lafayette, von Steuben, Knox and Glover, with Greene presiding. Washington submitted the bill of indictment and evidence was presented that included André’s own confession and the materials hidden in his boot. André’s defense consisted of statements that he came on shore under a Flag of Truce and had Arnold’s legitimate pass to return to White Plains (the British lines). His disguise was forced on him as was the route he was to take. André tried to sound as if he had almost stumbled into the situation he was in through no fault of his own and he was only following the instructions of an American general. Yet his confession, written to Washington soon after being taken, showed that he was well aware of what he’d done, what he’d be called and what would become of him.
After hearing and reviewing the evidence, the Board reported, “That Major André, Adjutant General of the British Army, ought to be consider’d as a Spy from the Enemy, and that, agreeably to the Law and usage of Nations…ought to suffer death.” Over the next few days, Clinton made concerted efforts to convince Washington that his much cared for subordinate was misled. Arnold sent his own self-serving appeal, claiming it was he who had forced the disguise and sent André by land but
“if [André] should suffer the severity of their sentence, I shall think myself bound…to retaliate on such unhappy persons of your army, as may fall within my power…But if this warning should be disregarded, and he suffer, I call heaven and earth to witness, that your Excellency will be justly answerable for the torrent of blood that may be spilt in consequence.”
Upon reading the impertinent letter, General Greene threw it on the ground in front of the British emissary who came under a Flag of Truce along with Clinton’s urgent appeal.
The capture, trial and execution of John André is a story in itself, worthy of a Greek tragedy. Benjamin Tallmadge guarded and bonded with André from his detention in Westchester to the gallows, displaying a perfect example of the “Lima Syndrome” two centuries before being defined. “I became so deeply attached to Major André, that I can remember no instance where my affections were so fully absorbed in any man.” Shortly after the execution he wrote to Col. Webb that “had he been tried by a Court of ladies, he is so genteel, handsome, polite a young gentleman, that I am confident they would have acquitted him.” James Thacher wrote “the spot [of the hanging] was consecrated by the tears of thousands.”
Why André evoked so much sympathy and emotion is a mystery. Perhaps Arnold’s treason was so unthinkable that André’s subtle claim that he was a victim rang true. His charm, intelligence, cultured ways and high rank made Americans like Thacher sympathetic, but he was also a poet and dramatist, skilled at making things up and spinning reality. Tallmadge’s reaction is more surprising. As a spy himself, he knew the deal. He also knew Nathan Hale who was summarily executed, denied a clergyman and Bible, and his letters to friends shortly before his execution were probably destroyed.
Thacher, Tallmadge and others may have had misplaced sympathy but General Heath, who would shortly become West Point’s commander, got it right. “…it must be remembered that he who consents to become a spy, when he sets out, has by allusion a halter put round his neck, and that… if he be taken, the other end of the halter is speedily made fast to a gallows.” There should be little doubt in anyone’s mind that André was a spy on an intelligence mission, despite the separate attempts of Robinson, Arnold and Clinton to argue Flag of Truce. Sympathy aside, the dashing André knew exactly what he was doing but the potential fruits of the treason far outweighed the potential danger of capture and punishment. Unfortunately for André, the inability of Washington to apprehend the primary villain or exchange him for André assured André’s eventual date with the hangman.
For the new country, teetering on the edge of a failed rebellion, the treason of Benedict Arnold was, literally, a godsend. Instead of focusing on the devastating event in which an American hero saw fit to become the poster boy for British propaganda, the rebel cause saw the undoing of the conspiracy as divine intervention. The Continental Congress saw fit to establish December 7, 1780 as a day of public thanksgiving and prayer for the providential “rescuing” of the “Commander in Chief and the army from imminent dangers, at the moment when treason was ripened for execution.”
For Sir Henry Clinton, the failure of the plan ended any aspiration to take West Point for some time. To be sure, he was disappointed but this feeling paled compared to how he felt for the loss of his adjutant general with whom he felt more of a friendship than most others. As was Clinton’s modus operandi, however, he proceeded to write a defense of his actions. It was a masterful deflection of blame: André had disobeyed his orders by going behind enemy lines, he exchanged his uniform for civilian dress; he carried incriminating papers; he failed to return by way of the Vulture; Arnold had lost his usual “presence of mind” in sending André back by a land route; and Washington had “burnt with a desire of wreaking his vengeance” on Arnold and André.
Arnold, not content and certainly not contrite about playing Clinton and getting André killed, took up quill and ink and began formulating a defense of his own, appealing directly to the British Secretary of State for America, Lord George Germain. His “end run” included a self-serving explanation of his motives and another intelligence “teaser” entitled “The Present State of the American Rebel Army, Navy, and Finances, with some Remarks.” The eponymous work painted a dreary picture of American military and social conditions but not a word of regret or mention of André, not dead a week. He kept at it for several months trying to convince Lord Germain that West Point remained a desirable objective with a feeble defense. Eventually, Clinton had to justify his forbearance. He assured Germain that he’d attack West Point “whenever the attempt can be made with propriety” but conditions didn’t support an assault unless Arnold knew something Clinton didn’t. Germain received Clinton’s letter on June 23, 1781, just about the time the Comte de Rochambeau was starting his epic march from Rhode Island to Yorktown.
The 1780 campaign season was coming to an end with little action in the north. Understandably, actions such as Charleston and Camden and the plot to take West Point had taken their toll on the Commander-in-Chief causing him to write, “we have been half of our time without provision, and are likely to continue so. We have no magazines, nor money to form them; and in a little time we shall have no men, if we had money to pay them. We have lived upon expedients till we can live no longer. In a word, the history of the war is a history of false hopes and temporary devices, instead of system and economy.”
Washington could have written that he was pleased that the sale of West Point, like many real estate deals, had fallen through, in large part due to some well-placed shot and shell from Livingston’s lone four-pounder which may have altered the course of the War.[FEATURED IMAGE AT TOP: Site of Arnold-André meeting around 2:00 AM on September 22, 1780. Hudson River is to the left and a marker is on the actual site up the slope to the right. Photo by John Intile. Courtesy of www.HMdb.org.]
See Steven Paul Mark, “Too Little, Too Late: Battle of the Hudson Highlands,” Journal of the American Revolution, http://allthingsliberty.com/2013
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Molly şu anda bir DJ ile olan ilişkide polis fotoğrafçısıdır. Sokaktaki eski arkadaşı onunla iletişime geçer. Kasabada bir grupla ve kurşun şarkıcı için sıcak. Arkadaşı öldürüldü ve Molly olay yerine oturarak vücudun fotoğrafını çekti. Böylece, Molly yine Angel'ın kimliğini üstleniyor ve katilin aranması için kulüp sahnesine çarpıyor bu kez bir fahişe olmaktan ziyade bir grup olarak.
Orjinal Adı:
Angel 4 Undercover +18 filmIl "Modulo di Elasticità" (MOE) è il cosiddetto modulo di elasticità, che indica il rapporto tra tensione e allungamento di un pezzo di legno.
Il MOE viene spesso utilizzato per calcolare le proprietà di deflessione elastica di un materiale, è considerato un parametro di controllo per le proprietà elastiche dei materiali solidi. In altre parole, come la deformazione elastica influisce sul pezzo.
La deformazione che viene esercitata sul pezzo può essere causata da pressione o tensione. La deformazione elastica significa che il pezzo in lavorazione torna al suo stato originale dopo che è stato deformato. Viene misurata la differenza tra prima e dopo il test MOE. Più un materiale è duro, maggiore è il suo "modulo di elasticità".by Peter Payette for The Environment Report
There’s a new book out today about an unusual conservation project based in northern Michigan. For most of the last two decades, a man from Copemish has been cloning old trees around the world. David Milarch believes the genetics of these trees are superior and could be useful in the era of climate change. The author of the book says he might have a point.
Back in the year 2000, an elm tree not far from David Milarch’s home was diagnosed with Dutch elm disease.
It was not just any elm.
It was the National Champion American elm at the time. That means it was the largest known elm in the country. Milarch tried to heal the tree with a soil treatment but it died. He did manage to clone the Buckley elm.
Today at the Archangel Ancient Tree Archive, there are about a dozen copies of the tree.
"Here’s the Buckley elm, the greatest elm in America. And it’s living on and it can be utilized. That’s really what it’s all about."Open Access Graduate Research Paper
The purpose of this study was to examine student recall of facts, along with enjoyment of reading and interest in the topic when using graphic novels as compared to illustrated nonfiction prose in social studies content area reading. Twenty-two fifth grade students (13 f, 9 m) in a public school in a Midwestern state participated in the study. Half of the students read about the Boston Massacre and Patrick Henry through graphic novels and read about Paul Revere and the Boston Tea Party with illustrated nonfiction texts, with the other half doing the opposite. The mean number of correct ideas recalled by students two weeks after reading two books in the graphic novel condition was 8.6 compared to 7.1 for the nonfiction prose condition with a medium effect size. Students in the graphic novel condition recalled more factual topics related to the complex events of the Boston Massacre and Tea party. Students rated their reading enjoyment significantly higher in the graphic novel condition. They also rated their interest in the social studies topics higher after reading graphic novels, but this was not statistically significant. The efficacy of graphic novels shows they should be employed more often into the school curriculum.
Year of Submission
Master of Arts
Department of Curriculum and Instruction
Division of School Library Studies
Audrey C. Rule
1 PDF file (29 pages)
©2010 Kari Bosma
Bosma, Kari, "Fifth grade student learning and interest in the American Revolution through reading graphic novels compared to reading biography or other nonfiction books" (2010). Graduate Research Papers. 1892.Özbekistan, Azerbaycan ve Gürcistan'a transit tren seferleri başlatacak
Azerbaycan, Gürcistan, Kırgızistan, Türkmenistan ve Özbekistan demiryollarının yetkililerinin biraraya geldiği toplantıda Özbekistan'dan Azerbaycan ve Gürcistan'a 2020 ilk çeyrekte transit tren seferleri başlatılacağı belirtildi.
Özbekistan'dan Azerbaycan ve Gürcistan'a 2020 bahar döneminde transit tren seferleri başlatılacağı bildirildi.
Bu yıl 19-20 Aralık'ta Taşkent'te, Özbekistan, Ulaştırma Bakanlığı'nın katılımıyla beş ülke - Azerbaycan, Gürcistan, Kırgızistan, Türkmenistan ve Özbekistan demiryollarının yetkilileri ile bir toplantı yapıldı. Toplantının ardından, tarafların bölgelerinin konteyner trenlerine giden güzergahı boyunca rekabetçi özel transit tarife oranlarını (deniz besleyici taşımacılığı dahil) kabul ettiler. Ayrıca katılımcılar, mallarının ülkelerinin sınır ve gümrük birimleriyle hızlandırılmış geçişi konularında da çalışacaklar.
Güzergahın geliştirilmesi ile ilgili alınan kararları hızlı bir şekilde uygulamak için toplantı katılımcıları Özbekistan Cumhuriyeti Ulaştırma Bakanlığı başkanlığında katılımcı ülkelerin demiryolları başkanlarından oluşan bir Koordinasyon Komitesi oluşturulması konusunda anlaştılar.
2020 yılının ilk çeyreğinde çok modlu güzergâh boyunca ilk pilot konteyner treninin organize edilmesi planlanmaktadır.
Kaynak: ca-news国家中小学智慧教育平台 地理 选择性必修1 自然地理基础 人教版 第一章 地球的自转和公转（第二课时） 说课稿
老师
同学们好，我是北京四中的曹彤老师，今天我们一起来学习选择性必修。1、自然地理基础第一章第一节地球的自转和公转。第二课时在上一节课我们已经学习了地球的自转，我们知道春夏秋冬四季轮回。那这样的一种现象是地球自转带来的吗？不单独是自转带来的，其实还跟公转有关系。那我们今天就一起来学习地球的公转。在 1543 年哥白尼天体运行论出版。在这本书中，哥白尼提出地球绕太阳公转并不是太阳绕地球公转，这可以说是人类科学史上的一次革命。所以公转的英文单词正是 revolution 我们今天将学习地球公传的基本特征，还有皇赤蛟角的概念，以及太阳直射点的移动规律。
老师
关于地球的公转大家并不陌生，我们在初中的时候已经学习了一些，那现在就请大家拿起手中的地球仪模拟一下地球的公转。在模拟的过程中我们要注意这么几个地方，第一，模拟的时候要关注一下 D 轴的指向。第二，模拟的时候要关注你所模拟的公转轨道的形状，还有你模拟的公转的方向不能转错。再有就是公转过程中速度是均匀的吗？要关注一下。
学生
好，现在我们一起来模拟地球的公转。地球让太阳公转的轨道并不是一个正圆，而是近似于正圆的椭圆。太阳位于椭圆的一个焦点上。每年的 7 月初，地球距离太阳最远，这时候的日地距离大约是 1.521 千米。那么这个位置我们把它称作是远日点。每年的 1 月初，地球距离太阳最近，这时候的日地距离大约是 1.471 亿千米。这个位置我们把它称作是近日点。
学生
地球绕太阳公转过程中，地轴的指向要保持不始终指向北极星的方向，公转的方向和自转的方向是一致的。从北极上空看，自转是逆时针方向，公转也是逆时针方向。在这公转一周中，公转的速度是发生变化的，到达远热点的时候公转速度最慢。这个时候公转的角速度大约是每天 59 分线，速度大约是每秒 29.3 千米。地球到达近日点的时候，公转速度是最快的。这时候的角速度是每天 61 分限，速度是每秒钟 30.3 千米。所以我们可以再完整的演示一遍，远一点，慢到近一点，速度最快。好，这就是地球绕太阳的公转的模拟过程。
老师
好，大家已经模拟完了，那么我们接下来在咱们的学习任务单当中绘制地球公转轨道示意图，在绘制的过程中要标注公转的方向，标注上近日点和远日点的位置，到达时间以及速度的快慢都画完了。好，那一起来看一看。我们所绘制的公转轨道示意图应该是这样的，我们画出一个近似于圆的试读结束，以下隐藏内容仅限本站VIP浏览。
若未登录，请登录后再试！در حالی که یک پیمانه پنیر بز و بستنی گیلاس مشترکمان در حال تبدیل شدن به یک گودال بود، من و شانون سعی کردیم رویارویی عجیب خود را تحلیل کنیم: چرا آن زن سوار اتوبوس شده بود نه تاکسی؟ چرا او تلفن همراه نداشت؟ چرا بهش اجازه دادم استفاده کنه من تلفن؟ ما خندیدیم و آن را به عنوان یکی از آن تجربیات نیویورک نوشتیم، اما ذهن من در یک فکر گیر کرده بود: من اکنون آخرین نقطه تماس بودم.
به شمارهای که برای او گرفته بودم نگاه کردم، که از بون، NC بود، تصور کردم آزمایشگاهی از مواد مخدر در جنگل پنهان شده بود که توسط بازیگران سریال «Deliverance» اداره میشد.
بعد از 10 دقیقه قرار گذاشتیم که زن سالم به مقصد رسیده است. سپس، درست زمانی که من و شانون بلند شدیم، لرزش مداوم تلفنم روی میز فلزی پارک لرزید. بالای عدد عبارتی ظاهر شد که از آن می ترسیدم: Boone, NC
طوری به گوشی من خیره شدیم که انگار بمبی است که اگر هر یک از ما حرکتی ناگهانی انجام دهیم ممکن است منفجر شود. بدترین سناریوها در ذهنم نقش بست: چه می شد اگر زن با 100000 دلار از زمین خارج می شد؟ اگر کسی کیسه ها را دزدیده باشد چه؟ چه می شد اگر او پول را پنهان می کرد و این را می گفت من آن را دزدیده بود؟ تصور کردم که او با چند سرسپرده در لبه پارک ظاهر می شود، به من اشاره می کند و فریاد می زند: «اون اوست! این مردی است که کیف های من را دزدیده است!»
با این حال، بخش خوش بین من برعکس را تصور می کرد. شاید او برای تشکر از من تماس می گرفت – می گفت: “هی، مرد، ببخشید که قبلاً با شما کمی کوتاه بودم. واقعا هفته پر استرسی بود. فقط می خواستم به شما اطلاع دهم که پول دارو به سلامت رسیده است و هر دو از کمک شما قدردانی می کنیم.
شانون را به سمت مترو رفتم و سعی کردم تنش شکمم را پنهان کنم. سپس تلفنم را خاموش کردم تا خدمات مکان یابی را غیرفعال کنم. وقتی سرم را آویزان کردم تا در مسیر معمولی نسیم دو بلوکی به آپارتمانم نگاه کنم، احساس آسیب پذیری کردم. در خانه هر دو قفل را دوبار چک کردم و پرده ها را بستم. آن شب خیلی کم خوابیدم و با هر ماشینی که می گذشت و هر آژیر دوردستی بیدار می شدم.
بون، NC، دیگر هرگز تماس نگرفت. تا آنجا که می خواهم بگویم در نتیجه آن حادثه، هرگز اجازه نمی دهم یک غریبه از تلفن من استفاده کند، اینطور نیست. در نیویورک، مبارزه دائمی بین ریسک و پاداش وجود دارد، و به راحتی می توان با شک و تردید هر کسی را که چیزی می خواهد نادیده گرفت یا بدبینانه رد کرد. من به آن عادت کرده ام – بیشتر ما عادت داریم. اما شاید بهتر باشد به مردم ایمان داشته باشید، حتی اگر به معنای یک شب کم خوابی، اعصاب متزلزل و بستنی آب شده باشد.
نبیل آیرز نویسنده کتاب خاطرات “زندگی من در آفتاب” و رئیس شرکت موسیقی Begars Group US است.为提升消费者的金融知识水平和防范金融风险能力，积极引导保险消费者自觉抵制非法金融广告、非法集资、电信诈骗等现象，营造“争做金融好网民”的良好社会氛围。太平人寿365bet体育在线手机版_365bet很卡_365bet足球比中心支公司制作《金融知识8问》，面向广大消费者宣传金融知识，以便提升消费者合理选择保险产品和服务，防范化解保险服务纠纷，提升保险消费者满意度，传播金融正能量。
金融知识8问
1.什么是保险？
答：保险是指投保人根据合同约定，向保险人支付保险费，保险人对于合同约定的可能发生的事故因其发生所造成的财产损失承担赔偿保险金责任，或者当被保险人死亡、伤残、疾病或者达到合同约定的年龄、期限等条件时承担给付保险金责任的商业保险行为。
2.什么是人寿保险？
答：人寿保险是指以人的寿命为保险标的的，以人的生存或者死亡为保险事件；当发生保险事件时，保险人履行给付保险责任的一种人身保险。
3.什么是保险合同？
答：保险合同是投保人与保险人约定保险权利义务关系的协议。投保人是指与保险人订立保险合同，并按照合同约定负有支付保险费义务的人。保险人是指与投保人订立保险合同，并按照合同约定承担赔偿或者给付保险金责任的保险公司。
4.保险责任是指什么？
答：保险责任是指在保险合同中载明的对于保险标的在约定的保险事故发生时，保险人应承担的经济损失补偿或人身保险金给付的责任。
5.保额是什么意思？
答：保险金额是保险人承担赔偿或者给付保险金责任的最高限额,赔偿金额不能高于保险金额。另外，保险金额是保险人收取保险费的基础和依据。
6.什么是保险期间？
答：保险期间是指保险合同的有效期期间，即保险人为被保险人提供保险保障的起讫时间。保险期间是计算保险费的依据，也是保险人履行保险责任的基本依据之一。
7.人身保险的受益人由谁指定？
答：人身保险的受益人由被保险人或者投保人指定。投保人指定受益人时须经被保险人同意。投保人为与其有劳动关系的劳动者投保人身保险，不得指定被保险人及其近亲属以外的人为受益人。被保险人为无民事行为能力人或者限制民事行为能力人的，可以由其监护人指定受益人。
8.保险合同代签名的法律后果是什么？
答：投保人或者投保人的代理人订立保险合同时没有亲自签字或者盖章，而由保险人或者保险人的代理人代为签字或者盖章的，对投保人不生效。但投保人已经交纳保险费的，视为其对代签字或者盖章行为的追认。
太平人寿365bet体育在线手机版_365bet很卡_365bet足球比中心支公司多举措提升客户服务，自客户开通保险服务密码后，可自助办理保单贷款、保单还款、红利领取、生存金领取及授权、手机号码变更、收费账号变更等诸多保全项目。公司理赔服务涵盖报案到理赔结束全流程，客户报案后不仅可以得到公司专业的理赔指导，还可以由代理人上门提供理赔受理服务，帮助客户快速得到理赔结论。太平人寿365bet体育在线手机版_365bet很卡_365bet足球比中心支公司始终以客户体验为核心，努力提升服务时效，更好地为客户全方位服务！“Spintronics” holds promise for new types of devices for information processing and data storage, with ones and zeros being stored in the spin state of electrons as well as their electric charge. Such devices could be faster and more energy efficient than current electronics.
Dilute magnetic semiconductors such as manganese-doped gallium arsenide are a promising material for spintronics, said Slavomir Nemsak, a staff researcher at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and a former postdoc in the UC Davis Department of Physics, working with Professor Charles Fadley and Adjunct Professor Claus Schneider. They have ferromagnetic properties but are not themselves metals. They are called “dilute” because the dopant makes up a small amount (a few percent) of the semiconductor material.
In a new study published Aug. 17 in Nature Communications, Nemsak, Fadley, Schneider, and colleagues demonstrate the use of new techniques in X-ray spectroscopy to illuminate the internal structure of manganese-doped gallium arsenide.
They used a technique called hard X-ray angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, or HARPES, combined with standing-wave excitation to obtain the unique and unprecedented look inside these promising new materials.
Standing-wave excitation allowed the researchers to enhance the electrical fields inside a material, creating peaks and troughs in each atomic layer. They could then determine which sites in a layer were occupied by gallium, arsenic or manganese atoms. The team combined this with the HARPES data, which gives information on how electrons determining the electric and optical properties behave in the material.
Connecting electronic states to elements
“We can use the standing wave to enhance the signal from gallium or arsenic layers, and we found that manganese was always present at the position of gallium atoms all the way from the bulk of material to its surface layers,” Nemsak said. “We were also able to identify the changes in the electronics of the material caused by the presence of manganese dopant and connect the individual electronic states to their elemental origin.”
This is the first time it has been possible to get this kind of information on the structure and electronic properties from materials, Nemsak said. The technique should be applicable to any kind of material, including metals, semiconductors and insulators, and superconductors, he said.
The work with “hard” or high-energy X-rays was conducted using the Diamond Light Source at Didcot, U.K. This kind of study is currently possible with only a handful of facilities worldwide, including in the near future the Advanced Light Source at
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parola a voi e alle vostre opinioni sperando che qualcuno posti e chequalcuno mi aiuti a capire.来看看突变体的真正力量。时间到了从销毁拯救世界。在这个宇宙中有超凡的突变体与人类。他们一组在大战。人们总是害怕突变体。每人知道突变体的力量有什么秘诀？怎么超级英雄获得能力？这些问题没有回答。但是......有人找到答案，他才能成为一个超凡突变体。到城市侵入了恶棍。只有你可以摧毁他的计划。你可以反对黑暗能力的权力？争取自由！停止人类和变种的战争。另一种样子，这情况可以成为宇宙中的灾难。保护世界，抵抗最大的动力！释放你的隐藏能力！别让他肆虐！这个世界是属于人类和突变体。成为真正的复仇者也是疯狂蜘蛛侠，开始大冒险！你是无敌的英雄！I love working with the Internet Archive’s collections, especially the growing book collection. As an engineer and sometimes scholar, I know there’s a lot of human knowledge inside books that’s difficult to discover. What new things could we do to help our users discover knowledge in books?
Today, most people access books through card catalog search and full-text search — both essentially 20th century technologies. If you ask for something broad or ambiguous, because you don’t know what you’re looking for yet, any attempt to present a short list of the most relevant results is likely to be overly narrow, not inspiring discovery or serendipity.
For the past few months, I’ve been experimenting with a new way to visualize book contents. This experiment starts with one simple idea: Most sentences contain related things. If I see a concept and a year together in a sentence, the odds are that the two are related. Consider this sentence:
A new, Gregorian Calendar, was introduced by Pope Gregory XIII in 1582.
I’ll explain in a minute how I figured out that Gregorian Calendar and Pope Gregory XIII are things, and that 1582 is a year. Given that, what can we learn from the sentence? We can guess that these things and the year are probably associated with each other. This guess is sometimes wrong, but let’s try adding together data from around a hundred thousand books and see what happens:
Three years have a relatively large number of sentences containing “Gregorian calendar” and that year. Are these important dates in the history of the Gregorian Calendar? Yes: in 1582, Pope Gregory XIII had Catholic countries adopt this new calendar, replacing the Julian calendar. In 1752, England adopted it, and in 1918, after the Russian Revolution, Bolshevik Russia adopted it.
Let’s take a look at some of the actual book sentences from the most popular year, 1582:
The routine is designed around FORTRAN or C integer arithmetic and is valid for dates from the onset of the Gregorian calendar, 15 October 1582.
In 1582 Pope Gregory XIII (hence the name Gregorian
Calendar) ordered ten days to be dropped from October to make up for the errors that had crept into the so-called Julian Calendar instituted by Julius Caesar, which made the year too long and added a day every one hundred and twenty-eight years.
They give year, month, and day in cyclical characters and their equivalent in the Western calendar (using the modern Gregorian calendar even for pre-1582 dates).
Clavius was a member of the commission that ultimately reformed the Gregorian calendar in 1582.
You can give the experiment a try at https://books.archivelab.org/dateviz/.
Now that you’ve seen what the experiment looks like, let’s look at some of the details of building this visualization. (The code can be found on GitHub at https://github.com/wumpus/visigoth/.)
We need a way to find dates in sentences. Sometimes it’s obvious that something is a date: “January 31, 2016” or “Jan 2016.” Other times it’s more ambiguous: a 4 digit number might be a year, or it might be a section of a US law (“15 U.S.C. § 1692”), or a page number in a book. What I ended up doing was creating a series of patterns (see https://github.com/wumpus/visigoth/blob/master/visigoth/dateparse.py) that look for English helper words (“In 2016”, “before 1812”) before guessing that a 4-digit number is a date. While this technique has both false positives and false negatives, it works well enough not to hurt the visualization significantly.
The next item is generating the list of things (people, places, concepts, etc.) in a sentence. There are many techniques for doing this, ranging from computationally-expensive machine-learning libraries like the Stanford NER library, to using human-generated lists such as the US Library of Congress Name Authority Files. There’s also the complication of disambiguating things like “John Smith.” (Which “John Smith” of the hundreds do we mean?) To match the simple nature of the other algorithms in this experiment, I decided to use a very simple dataset: English Wikipedia article titles. Not only is this a comprehensive collection of encyclopedic things, but there are numerous human-generated “redirects,” which provide a list of synonyms for most article titles. For example, “Western calendar” is a redirect to “Gregorian Calendar,” and in fact numerous books do use the term “Western calendar” to refer to the Gregorian calendar.
Our next task is ranking. Two aspects of this visualization use ranks. First, the suggestions that come up while users are typing in the “thing” box are ordered by Wikipedia article popularity. Eventually we’ll have enough usage of this visualization that we can use our own users’ data to put suggestions in a better order. Until then, using Wikipedia popularity is a good way to make suggestions more relevant.
A ranking of the books themselves is useful in two ways. First, it’s used to pick which example sentences are shown for a given pair of thing/date. Second, given that I only had enough computational resources to process a fraction of the scanned books in the Internet Archive’s collection, I chose 82,000 books using the same ranking scheme. This ranking scheme doesn’t have to be that good in order to deliver a lot of benefit, so I chose a superficial approach of awarding points to academic book publishing houses, book references in Wikipedia articles, and book popularity data from Better World Books, which is a used bookseller & a partner of the Internet Archive.
What’s the result of the experiment? A relatively simple set of algorithms applied to a small collection of high-quality books seems to be both interesting and fun for users. As a next step, I would like to extend it to include a better list of “things”, and extract data from many more books. In a few years, we might have access to 100 times as many scanned books. By then, I hope to find several other new ways to explore book content.The Sciatic Nerve starts right outside your lower spine and runs through your buttock and down your leg. However, it does not mean that you have sciatica just because you have back, buttock or leg pain. You can have pains in these areas from other low back conditions. Sciatica pain is distinctly different because of its symptoms identified below. Sciatica is not a disorder in and of itself. Instead, sciatica is a symptom of another problem involving the nerve, such as a herniated disk.
Sciatica symptoms include:
- Pain is most likely to occur along a path from your low back to your buttock and the back of your thigh and calf.
- Numbness or muscle weakness along the nerve pathway in your leg or foot. In some cases, you may have pain in one part of your leg and numbness in another.
- Tingling or a pins-and-needles feeling, often in your toes or part of your foot.
Many cases of sciatica there is little to no back or buttock pain. Sometimes the pain and tingling seems to skip the thigh but is present in the calf. If you are just having pain without the tingling in your back, buttock and leg, most likely you do not have sciatica.
Sciatica pain can vary widely, from a mild ache to a sharp, burning sensation or excruciating discomfort. Sometimes it may feel like a jolt or electric shock. It may be worse when you cough or sneeze, and prolonged sitting also can aggravate symptoms. Usually only one lower extremity is affected.
The most likely cause of sciatica is a herniated or ruptured disc in your back that compresses the Sciatic Nerve.
Other conditions also can put pressure on your sciatic nerve, including:
Lumbar spinal stenosis. This is a narrowing of your spinal canal. Think of your spinal canal as a pipe. When it gets older, it corrodes and the inside of the pipe gets a buildup narrowing the center hole. As the hole gets smaller, there is less room for the nerves. Eventually this can lead to compression of the nerves.
Spondylolisthesis. This condition, often the result of degenerative disk disease, occurs when one vertebra slips slightly forward over another vertebra. The displaced bone may pinch the sciatic nerve where it leaves your spine.
Piriformis syndrome. The Piriformis muscle is a muscle in your buttock and runs from your tailbone to your hip. It helps to rotate your foot out. Piriformis syndrome occurs when the muscle becomes tight or goes into spasms, putting pressure on the Sciatic Nerve. Prolonged sitting, car accidents, and falls also can contribute to Piriformis syndrome. Typically, there is not much if any back pain.
Spinal tumors and cysts. In the spine, tumors can occur inside the spinal canal, in the space between the spinal cord and the vertebrae. As it grows, a tumor or cyst can compress the cord itself or the nerve roots. Tumors are rare but spinal cysts seem to be becoming more common. Spinal cysts are associated by disc degeneration and cortisone use.
Trauma. A car accident, fall, or blow to your spine can injure the lumbar or sacral nerve roots.
Other causes. In some cases, your doctor may not be able to find a cause for your sciatica. A number of problems can affect your bones, joints and muscles, all of which could potentially result in sciatic pain.
Frequently, two or three of these causes can occur at the same time.
Major risk factors for sciatica include:
· Age. Age-related changes in the spine are a common cause of sciatica. You’re likely to have some deterioration in the discs in your back by the time you’re 30, and most people who develop herniated discs are in their 30s and 40s. You likely had problems before and they may not have been very painful. But if your biomechanics (the way you move) are bad, your spine will degenerate faster and lead to these types of problems.
· Occupation. A job that requires you to twist your back, carry heavy loads, or drive a motor vehicle for long periods makes you more prone to develop sciatica.
· Prolonged sitting. People who sit for prolonged periods or have a sedentary lifestyle are more likely to develop sciatica than active people are. I see many long distance truck drivers with Piriformis Syndrome.
· Diabetes. This condition, which affects the way your body uses blood sugar, increases your risk of nerve damage.
· Poor nutritional state. Deficiencies, especially nutrients that help relax muscles, can also lead to tightness in the Piriformis Muscle leading to Sciatica.
Tests and diagnosis
To help diagnose sciatica and pinpoint which nerves, if any, are affected your non-surgical chiropractic physician specialist will obtain a medical history and perform a thorough physical exam, paying special attention to your spine and legs. He or she will check your muscle strength and reflexes. For example, you may be asked to walk on your toes or heels, rise from a squatting position, and, while lying on your back, lift your legs one at a time straight in the air. Pain that results from sciatica will usually become worse during these activities. This type of examination is a neurological and orthopedic examination.
You may have one or more imaging tests to help identity why the Sciatic Nerve is compressed and to rule out other causes for your symptoms.
These tests include:
· Spinal X-ray. Because ordinary X-rays can’t detect herniated disc problems or nerve damage, they’re not usually helpful for pinpointing the cause of sciatica. A spinal X-ray can show most cancers affecting the bony structures of the spine, narrowed discs, and spondylolisthesis, however, and can help rule out other causes of sciatica.
· Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This is probably the most sensitive imaging test for assessing sciatic nerve pain. Instead of X-rays, MRI uses a powerful magnet and radio waves to produce cross-sectional images of your back. The test can detect damage to your discs as well as the presence of tumors. MRI is noninvasive and has no harmful side effects. But MRIs can reveal many abnormalities that may have no significance on the cause of your sciatica. For example, the MRI may find herniated discs in your low back. It is well known that about 60% of herniated discs on MRIs produce no symptoms. MRI findings have to be correlated with the findings of the neurological and orthopedic examination. I have seen many cases of sciatica that were previous treatment failures because the prior doctor assumed the Sciatica was caused by the herniated disc when in fact the herniated disc had nothing to do with the Sciatica. The Sciatica was due to a Piriformis Muscle shortening.
· Nerve tests. To confirm that the Sciatic Nerve is functioning abnormally a nerve test is performed. A neurologist, physiatrist, or a chiropractic physician performs the nerve test. There are two parts to the nerve test. A Nerve Conduction Study is performed by passing an electrical current between two points a known distance apart and the speed on the transmission is measured. The second test is an EMG. During that test very small needles are inserted into specific muscles to determine if there are abnormalities in the electrical signals. Typically I do not order these tests unless the sciatica is not resolving as expected.
Treatments and drugs
If you have a physical cause of your sciatica such as a herniated disc, spondylolisthesis, or Piriformis Syndrome, treatments from a non-surgical spinal specialist, a chiropractic physician or physical therapist can play a vital role in your recovery. Non-surgical spinal decompression is a cornerstone treatment for disc problems. Once acute pain improves, your specialist will design a personalized rehabilitation program to help correct the underlying problems and prevent recurrent injuries. (See: Schuylkill County: LOW BACK PAIN: PATIENTS REPORT WHAT WORKED)
Rehabilitation typically includes exercises to help correct your posture, strengthen the muscles supporting your back, and improve your flexibility. The Medx Lumbar Extension has a proven record for helping back pain and weak low back muscles. (See: If You Have Chronic Back Pain, You Have To Read About These Remarkable Treatment Results) Pain relief is important, but it is only the first step in correcting the Sciatica problem. There may be stretches and/or exercises that you will be asked to do at home
Prescription drugs. In some cases of severe pain, medication may be necessary. Common medications include anti-inflammatory medication along with a muscle relaxant.
More aggressive treatments
When conservative measures don’t alleviate your pain within a few months, one of the following may be an option for sciatica treatment:
· Epidural steroid injections. In some cases, your specialist may recommend a corticosteroid injection into the affected area. Epidural steroid injection is contraindicated as a first line of treatment. This option may be helpful to relive persistent pain and allow rehab to continue. Epidurals without rehab do nothing but temporarily relive pain. (See: Schuylkill County: What You Need to Know About Steroid Shots in the Spine (Epidurals))
· Surgery. This is usually reserved for times when the compressed nerve causes significant weakness, bowel, or bladder incontinence, or you have pain that gets progressively worse or doesn’t improve with other therapies.
If you, a family member or a friend require care, we sincerely appreciate the trust and confidence shown by choosing our services and look forward in serving you and your family presently and, in the future.
Doctors’ Choice Physical Medicine and Rehab
Dr. David Novatnak
Glee Pascual, Physical Therapist
Pottsville, Schuylkill, PABalkan Tarihi 2: 20. Yüzyıl Kitap Açıklaması
Balkan Tarihi bir çok etnik ve dini unsurun çatışmaları ile şekillenmiştir. Balkanlar'da en uzun barış ve düzenin tesis edilmesi Osmanlı Devleti'nin egemenliği ile birlikte olmuş, kurulan bu idari ve ekonomik düzen yüzyıllar boyunca çok da değişmeden devam etmiştir. Osmanlıların bölgeden aşama aşama çekilmek zorunda kalması ve eşanlamlı olarak ortaya çıkan ulusçu hareketler ve kurulan ulus devletler ile, Balkanlar'da günümüzedek devam edecek çatışma ve problemler dönemi yeniden başlamıştır.
Baskı Yılı: 2006
Dili: Türkçe
Yayınevi: Küre YayınlarıGenetic signature predicts diabetes diagnosis
University of Queensland researchers have found a way to identify infants who will go on to develop type 1 diabetes.
UQ Diamantina Institute researcher Professor Ranjeny Thomas said the discovery would lead to the development of better screening tests to identify children at highest risk.
“Most children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes do not have a family history, hence population screening could reduce life threatening complications before diagnosis,” Professor Thomas said.
“By looking at a child’s gene activation pattern early in life, we are able to identify those who will progress to develop antibodies.
“Once they have two antibodies, it’s highly likely they will go on to develop type 1 diabetes.
“As antibodies are infrequent in the general population, we are currently only using them to screen children from high-risk families in research programs.”
The team examined data collected over 10 years from two cohorts of children at risk of type 1 diabetes.
They identified a seven-gene expression signature in infants in the first year of life, which when combined with a genetic risk score, identified children with a high-risk of developing diabetes antibodies.
“This signature can screen out infants who are at low risk of developing type 1 diabetes, so that monitoring can be focused on children with highest risk,” Professor Thomas said.
Lady Cilento Children’s Hospital paediatric endocrinologist Dr. Mark Harris said monitoring an at-risk child reduced the likelihood they would present with diabetic ketoacidosis, a medical emergency.
“In children who are part of a monitoring program, the incidence of diabetic ketoacidosis is less than five per cent,” he said.
“Currently we’re seeing up to 40 per cent of children presenting with diabetic
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ai sì come sa di sale | lo pane altrui, e come è duro calle | lo scendere 'l salir per l'altrui scale.
Dante Alighieri, Paradiso, Divina Commedia, 1304/21
Cos'è nero bianco nero bianco nero bianco nero bianco nero bianco? Una suora che ruzzola per le scale.
Woody Allen, in Tutto quello che avreste voluto sapere sul sesso, 1972
Il mio dottore dice che facendo le scale a piedi si guadagnano minuti di vita. Rampa dopo rampa ho guadagnato due settimane, durante le quali pioverà sempre.
Woody Allen (attribuzione incerta - fonte sconosciuta - segnalala ad Aforismario)
In un angolo sperduto del mondo, nel folto di una foresta fittissima c’era una semplice scala a pioli fatta di vecchio legno usurato. Era circondata da abeti, larici, betulle e tra alberi così meravigliosi sembrava davvero una povera cosa dimenticata. Un giorno giunsero dei boscaioli che la guardarono con commiserazione e pensando che non servisse più a nulla la abbatterono con due colpi di ascia. I boscaioli si allontanarono senza sapere che era la scala su cui ogni sera si arrampicava l’uomo che accendeva le stelle. Da quella notte il cielo che sovrastava la foresta rimase senza stelle.
Romano Battaglia, L’uomo che vendeva il cielo, 2011
Non è certo un genio. Quando la corrente è saltata, è rimasto bloccato sulle scale mobili per due ore.
Milton Berle (fonte sconosciuta - segnalala ad Aforismario)
Scala di Giacobbe. Scala che Giacobbe vede in sogno. Univa la terra al cielo, con gli angeli che andavano in su e in giù. Dato che gli angeli hanno le ali, la ragion d’essere di questa scala è così poco utile che molti famosi commentatori hanno sostenuto che non si trattava di una vera e propria scala ma di un raggio divino. D'altronde non si capisce perché Giacobbe dovesse sognare secondo logica e in maniera realistica.
Ambrose Bierce, Dizionario del diavolo, 1911
Mi hanno vaccinato contro la polio e gli orecchioni. Mi hanno vaccinato contro la varicella, la tosse canina e il morbillo. Poi sono caduto dalle scale.
Charlie Brown, in Charles Schulz, Peanuts, 1950-2000
Mentre sali la scala del successo, assicurati che sia poggiata saldamente contro il muro.
H. Jackson Brown Jr. (fonte sconosciuta - segnalala ad Aforismario)
Chi ha inventato la scala mobile? Gradini che si muovono. Poi si parla di pazzi. Gente che va su e giù per le scale mobili, negli ascensori, che guida automobili, le porte dei garage che si aprono schiacciando un pulsante. Poi vanno in palestra per smaltire il grasso. Fra quattromila anni non avremo più le gambe, strisceremo direttamente sul culo, o forse rotoleremo come matasse di rovi.
Charles Bukowski, Il capitano è fuori a pranzo, 1998 (postumo)
Siamo condannati a salire una scala senza mai raggiungerne l’ultimo gradino.
Emil Cioran, Lacrime e santi, 1937/86
Il momento migliore dell'amore è quando si salgono le scale.
Georges Clemenceau, I più forti, 1898
Una delle cose migliori dell'amore è riconoscere il passo dell'uomo che sale le scale.
Sidonie-Gabrielle Colette, Diario a ritroso, 1941
Sciare? Perché rompermi una gamba a venti gradi sotto zero quando posso comodamente cadere dalle scale di casa?
Corey Ford (fonte sconosciuta - segnalala ad Aforismario)
Scale, scale a pioli, scalinate e rispettivamente il fare le scale, tanto in salita quanto in discesa, sono rappresentazioni simboliche dell'atto sessuale.
Sigmund Freud, L'interpretazione dei sogni, 1900
I desideri sono come i gradi di una scala che quanto più tu la sali e tanto meno contento ti trovi.
Arturo Graf, Ecce Homo, 1908
Sull'ultimo gradino, la scala del successo non è mai affollata.
[The ladder of success is never crowded at the top].
[The ladder of success is never crowded at the top].
Napoleon Hill, Pensa e arricchisci te stesso, 1938
Guardale 'ste pecore rimbecillite dal sistema, guarda quello con la sua aria da stronzo, tutto bellino col giubbotto di culo di capra, è la razza peggiore! li riconosci? Sono quelli che non muovono un passo sulle scale mobili che si lasciano trasportare dal sistema.
Hubert (Hubert Koundé), in Mathieu Kassovitz, L'odio, 1995
Fate il primo passo con fiducia. Non è necessario vedere tutta la scala, basta salire il primo gradino.
[Take the first step in faith. You don't have to see the whole staircase, just take the first step].
Martin Luther King (fonte sconosciuta - segnalala ad Aforismario)
Verrà il tempo in cui non ci sarà più bisogno delle scale, tutto sarà allo stesso livello.
Stanisław Jerzy Lec, Nuovi pensieri spettinati, 1964
Cammina tutte le volte che puoi; parcheggia la macchina a qualche isolato dal luogo in cui sei diretto. Rinuncia all'ascensore; fa' le scale a piedi.
Bruce Lee, Jeet kune do, 1975 (a cura di Linda Lee - postumo)
Il Natale scorso, mentre ero ai grandi magazzini per le compere, ho ascoltato un bambino sui 5 anni parlare con sua madre mentre insieme scendevano con la scala mobile. Ha detto: «Mammina cosa faranno quando il piano di sotto sarà tutto pieno di scalini?»
Hal Linden (fonte sconosciuta - segnalala ad Aforismario)
Il mondo è fatto a scale. Chi è furbo piglia l'ascensore.
Marcello Marchesi, 100 neoproverbi, 1965
L'ambizioso si serve delle persone come gradini nella sua personale scala per arrivare al successo.
Kosta Mariano (Aforismi inediti su Aforismario)
− Sei in ritardo di mezz'ora!
− Sono caduto dalle scale.
− E ti ci è voluta mezz'ora?
Groucho e Chico Marx (fonte sconosciuta - segnalala ad Aforismario)
Gli errori sono solo i gradini di una scala.
[Mistakes are merely steps up the ladder].
Paul J. Meyer (fonte sconosciuta - segnalala ad Aforismario)
Sii gentile con le persone che incontri salendo le scale, perché sono le stesse che incontrerai scendendo.
Wilson Mizner (attribuito anche a Walter Winchell e Jimmy Durante) [1]
Mostrami un muro alto 50 piedi e io ti mostrerò una scala alta 51.
[You show me a 50-foot wall and I'll show you a 51-foot ladder at the border].
Janet Napolitano (fonte sconosciuta - segnalala ad Aforismario)
Voi non sapete affatto quel che vivete, vi aggirate nella vita come ubriachi e di tanto in tanto ruzzolate giù da una scala. Ma, grazie alla vostra ebbrezza, non vi ci spezzate le ossa: i vostri muscoli sono troppo flaccidi e la vostra testa troppo opaca perché voi possiate trovare le pietre di questa scala così dure come noialtri! Per noi la vita è un pericolo più grande: noi siamo di vetro – guai se ci urtiamo! E tutto è perduto se caschiamo!
Friedrich Nietzsche, La gaia scienza, 1882
Ogni volta che non ti butti dalla tromba della scale, è una scelta. Ogni volta che non vai a schiantarti con la macchina, ti rimetti in gioco.
Chuck Palahniuk, Survivor, 1999
È provato che l’umiltà servì sempre da scala all'ambizione, quando questa è giovane, e chi sale le volge sempre il volto; ma poi, raggiunto l’ultimo gradino, volta il dorso alla scala, e guarda in alto sdegnoso ormai degli umili gradini grazie ai quali è salito fin lassù.
William Shakespeare, Giulio Cesare, ca. 1599
Non puoi partire, tu soffri l'aereo, il treno, il pullman... praticamente vomiti sulle scale mobili dei grandi magazzini!
Mary Ellen Trainor, in Robert Zemeckis, All'inseguimento della pietra verde, 1984
L'abitudine è l'abitudine, e nessun uomo può buttarla dalla finestra; se mai la si può sospingere giù per le scale, un gradino alla volta.
Mark Twain, Wilson lo Svitato, 1894
Presa la sua decisione, il generale fa come chi, dopo essere salito, butta via la scala.
Sun Tzu, L'arte della guerra, ca. V sec. a.e.c.
Hai presente quando stai salendo una scala, arrivi in cima e sei convinto che c'è ancora un gradino? Be', io sono così per tutto il tempo.
Steven Wright (fonte sconosciuta - segnalala ad Aforismario)
Una scala, presto, una scala!
Nikolaj Gogol' (ultime parole prima di morire)
La fede è una scala appoggiata a una parete invisibile.
Anonimo
Non c'è nulla di così alto cui la persona forte non possa poggiare la propria scala.
Anonimo
|La vita è come la scaletta di un pollaio: corta e piena di cacca.|
Proverbi sulle Scale
- A forza di salire scale s’arriva in cielo.
- Chi è vecchio e non ci crede sulla scala se n’avvede.
- Il mondo è fatto a scale: chi le scende e chi le sale.
- La vita è come la scala di un pollaio: corta e piena di merda.
- Non voltare mai le spalle alle scale e alle donne.
- Per salire una scala bisogna fare un gradino alla volta.
- Più alta è la scala più rovinosa la caduta.
- Quando uno è caduto tutti gli dicono come doveva mettere la scala.
- Quando uno s’ha da rompere il collo trova la scala al buio.
Anche un nano, salendo di gradino in gradino una scala alta abbastanza, può giungere più in alto di un gigante.
Proverbio cineseبه گزارش سایت مجله ای خبری رویکرد ;
به گزارش ایسنا، عبدالرضا رحمانی فضلی در حاشیه پنجاه و چهارمین جلسه ستاد اطلاع رسانی و تبلیغات اقتصادی کشور در جمع خبرنگاران با بیان اینکه امروز آخرین جلسه این ستاد در دوره 2 ساله فعالیت برگزار شد، اظهار کرد: اگر فردا در جلسه هماهنگی قوا، دوره فعالیت ستاد، مجدداً تمدید شود، ادامه این جلسات را برگزار خواهیم کرد.
وزیر کشور ادامه داد: امروز گزارش مفصلی از عملکرد نزدیک به دوسال کمیته های مختلف ارائه شد؛ اقدامات کمیته قضایی، اقدامات بسیار مؤثری بود و ضمن اینکه مدیریت خوبی در فضای رسانه ای از نظر حقوقی انجام شد اما در این ستاد روزنامه یا سایتی بسته نشد و یا خدای ناکرده بازداشتیای نداشتیم.
رحمانی فضلی عنوان کرد: رسانه ها هماهنگی، همکاری، درک و فهم درستی از ما داشتند، همواره به توصیهها توجه داشتند و اگر مواردی هم احساس کردیم که خارج از مصوبه است با تذکر جزئی حل شد.
وی افزود: کمیته رسانه ای و همچنین کمیته های محتوایی و کمیته ضد عملیات روانی، گزارش مفصلی از عملکرد رسانه ها در این حوزه، اقدامات کمیته ها و روند تامین محتوا ارائه کردند.
رئیس ستاد اطلاع رسانی و تبلیغات اقتصادی با اشاره به اینکه بیش از هزار مصوبه در این دو سال داشتیم، اظهار کرد: بر اساس گزارشی که در جلسه امروز ارائه شد، مصوبات ستاد به نحو مطلوبی به مرحله اجرا درآمده است و همه باید در مسائل اقتصادی تلاش کنیم با اولویت پیشگیرانه، فضا را به گونه ای پیش ببریم که مانع سوءاستفاده و بهره برداری رسانه های خارجی و معاندین از فضای اقتصادی کشور شویم.
وی با تاکید بر اینکه در این دو سال، بیش از ۷۰ درصد سیاست ها و مصوباتی که در این ستاد تصویب شد، مبتنی بر بحث پیشگیری بودهاست، تصریح کرد: با این رویکرد، تلاش ما در این دو سال بر این بوده که آن دسته از مسائل اقتصادی را که موجب تشدید دغدغه و نگرانی های مردم میشود به نهادهای اجرایی، دولت و مجلس منعکس کنیم و نگذاریم اتفاقی بیفتد که بحمد الله تا حد زیادی این مقصود حاصل شده است.
رئیس ستاد اطلاع رسانی و تبلیغات اقتصادی با بیان اینکه در جلسه امروز مجددا موضوع نظارت در حوزه قیمتها به عنوان یکی از مطالبات افکارعمومی مطرح شد، افزود: در جلسه امروز، گزارش دقیق و درستی در این حوزه از سوی متولیان ارائه شد، خوشبختانه کارهای خوبی انجام و با کارگروهی که از قوای مختلف تشکیل شده است، در حال تقویت امر نظارت هستند.
وزیر کشور با اشاره به ارائه گزارشی از وضعیت منابع، اعتبارات و تسهیلات مقرر برای پرداخت به واحدهای صنفی و تولیدی در جلسه امروز، عنوان کرد: اتحادیه ها و صنوف نسبت به میزان و زمان ارائه این کمک نظراتی داشتند از جمله اینکه؛ مبالغ افزایش یابد و فرایند پرداخت تسهیل و تسریع شود؛ البته این کمک از نظر ما مبلغ ناقابلی است و درحد توان و ظرفیت دولت است، اما نظرات اصناف مورد توجه قرار گرفت و حتما منعکس خواهد شد.
رحمانی فضلی به موضوعاتی درخصوص قرارداد ایران و چین به عنوان یکی از مصادیق تحریف در تصویر سازی برای افکار عمومی اشاره کرد و گفت: متاسفانه در فضای رسانهای، معاندین این موضوع را تحریف کردند و ادعاهای خلاف واقعی چون واگذاری جزایر و فروش برخی از مناطق و یا چاههای نفت را مطرح کردند که همه این موارد، خلاف واقع است و مقرر شد رسانه ها در آگاه سازی، اطلاع رسانی و شفاف سازی موضوعات از جمله در این زمینه، بیشتر فعالیت کنند.
وزیر کشور در همین راستا تصریح کرد: این موضوع بین ایران و چین در حد توافق اولیه بوده و در این روند، محورهای همکاری برای ۲۵ سال مشخص می شود، اما برای اجرایی شدن، حتما فرایندهای قانونی را طی کند که تصویب در دولت و سپس در مجلس از اجزای این روند قانونی خواهد بود.
رحمانی فضلی ادامه داد: در شرایط خاص کنونی و به ویژه در شرایط شیوع کرونا که تاثیر جدی بر مسائل اقتصادی و معیشت مردم دارد، به گونه ای عمل کنیم که واقعیت های موجود اقتصادی کشور را به مردم منتقل کنیم و ضمن جلب حمایت و پشتیبانی مردم برای عبور از مشکلات، بتوانیم همه با هم مسائل کشور را حل کنیم.همه تلاش کنیم با اولویت پیشگیرانه در مسائل اقتصادی بتوانیم فضا را به گونه ای پیش ببریم که مانع سوءاستفاده و بهره برداری رسانه های خارجی و معاندین از فضای اقتصادی کشور شویم.
وزیر کشور در پایان با اشاره به فرمایشات اخیر مقام معظم رهبری و تأکید ایشان در خصوص ضرورت امیدآفرینی، اعتماد سازی و تشویق به تولید و سرمایه گذاری ابراز امیدواری کرد: به لطف خداوند و با اراده مشترک همه اجزای کشور، از این شرایط خاص عبور خواهیم کرد.
انتهای پیام
Let’s block ads! (Why?)چگونه خانه را ضد عفونی کنیم
در این مقاله به موثرترین و اصولی ترین روش های ضد عفونی کردن منزل می پردازیم. این مقاله ترجمه و جمع آوری مطالبی است که در وبسایت سازمان مرکز کنترل بیماری آمریکا CDC منتشر شده است.
برای اینکه منزلتان از ویروس عاری باشد
تمیز و ضد عفونی
اولین چیزی که باید بدانید تمیز کردن و ضد عفونی کردن محیط دو مورد کاملا متفاوت است. مرکز کنترل بیماری های امریکا توصیه میکند در دوران پاندمی کرونا یا هر نوع ویروس مشابهی هر دو مورد، یعنی هم ضد عفونی هم تمیز کردن محیط را انجام دهید، حتی اگر کسی در منزل شما بیمار نیست.
- تمیز کردن به معنی پاک کردن سطوح از آلودگی
- ضد عفونی کردن به معنی از بین بردن عوامل بیماری زا مثل باکتری ها و ویروس ها
اگر کسی یا چیزی وارد خانه تان شد هر دو فرآیند را با دقت انجام دهید
انتقال از شخص به فرد احتمال بسیار بالاتری نسبت به انتقال از طریق سطوح دارد. اما با این حال مرکز کنترل بیماری ها پیشنهاد می کند سطوحی که با آنها در تماسیم را حداقل یکبار در روز تمیز و ضد عفونی کنیم. به فرض وجود تماس با دنیای خارج از خانه و همچنین رفتن یا بازگشتن هر یک از افراد منزل یا کالاهایی که به منزل وارد می کنند می تواند آلوده باشد.
محققان دریافته اند که ویروس کرونا جدید میتواند تا 24 ساعت بر روی سطح مقوا همچنان فعال و انتقال پذیر باشد. این زمان برای پلاستیک حدود 2 تا 3 روز و برای سطوح فولادی و فلزی بیش از 3 روز است. بنابراین تمیز کردن و ضد عفونی کردن سطوحی که تماس زیادی با آنها داریم قدمی است که همه باید برداریم.
بعضی از سطوحی که پیشنهاد می شود روزانه ضد عفونی و تمیز شوند
- درب کوب، کلید زنگ در و دستگیری های خروجی و ورودی در منزل
- سطح میز کار، میز ناهارخوری و میز آشپزی
- صندلی های ناهارخوری، محل نشیمن، پشتی و جا دستی ها
- پیشخوان آشپزخانه
- پیشخوان و ورودی حمام
- کلیه شیرهای آب (ظرفشویی، دست شور، حمام و توالت)
- توالت فرنگی (محل نشیمن و دسته ها)
- پیشخوان آشپزخانه
- پیشخوان حمام
- شیرآلات و دستگیره های شیر آب
- توالت (صندلی و دسته)
- کلید های برق
- ریموت کنترل
- دسته کنسول بازی
هر خانه ای متفاوت است،
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8,442 | 4 | 0 |
起来可能不到二十个。
所以那个时候你随便写点什么，就很容易火，即使你没什么文笔、没什么深刻的思想，只要入局早，随便写写，也能做一个几万粉丝的号。
但是你要问他有什么秘诀?有什么心得?他可能很难总结出什么道道来。
混职场也是这样的，早些年大学生毕业人数少，八十年代初的时候，你只要读了大学出来，分到一个单位，只要不是太笨，平台也不是很低的话，慢慢熬，当个中层干部，迟早会轮到你，运气好一点，还能做到班子成员。
有的人为什么能做到班子成员呢?有一位领导，三十四五岁的时候就是副厅级干部，他当时私下里跟我们分享人生经验的时候说，我那个时候为什么能上呢?就是因为单位班子年龄断层了。
当时提倡干部年轻化，单位本科学历、科班出身、做人做事又比较靠谱的，没几个人，所以我就上去了。
但是如果非要让他说出有什么从政心得，他也说不出来。他说没什么，我就是干活比较拼，然后又年轻，又是科班出身，稀里糊涂就让我上了。
在特殊的年代，有的人其实他之所以能成功，只是踩中了时代的风口，享受了时代的红利而已，加上一点点自身的努力和运气，就走上了一个比较高的位置。
这让我想起来长者的一句话:一个人的发展，当然要靠自我奋斗，但也要考虑到历史的进程
第二，有些独生子女家庭，对孩子过于溺爱和保护。
有的父母确实有家学，但他们也不希望自己的子女走自己的老路。
比如说经商的家庭，父母那一辈可能做的是传纺行业，传统行业要挣钱，那是非常辛苦的，每一分钱都是从牙缝中省出、拼出来的。
一路走来，靠劳动力优势，靠勤劳致富，父母觉得干这一行实在太辛苦。
自己的子女长大了，他也不希望子女继承家业，于是早早派他出国留学，所以怎么做传统行业的生意，他的小孩根本没学到。
比如说王健林，王健林是做文化旅游、商业房地产出身，他曾经说过一句特别有名的话，叫做清华、北大，不如胆子大。
他们那个年代，敢下海创业，瞄准的又是方兴未艾的地产行业，胆子大、敢干、遇到风口，加上一点点运气，就做成了。
但是我想王健林是不想让王思聪接班的，如果想让王思聪接班，他不会早早送他去留学，读的还是跟商业没什么太大关系的哲学专业。
如果想在中国做房地产行业，就在国内读书，在国内摸爬滚打，把国内这一套做生意的套路搞清楚就行了，如果你要搞互联网，那你可以去出国留学。
王思聪是很小就出去留学，小学是在新加坡读的，中学在英国读的，大学学的是跟做生意不怎么沾边的哲学专业。
回来以后他做的事情跟房地产也没什么关系，都是什么电竞、网络数码这一块的事情，他现在在万达也不担任任何职务，以前还担任万达的董事，但是不负责任何事务，现在是连董事都辞I.
你说王健林有什么家学传给他吗?我估计没有，不能说没有吧，应该说很少很少，陪他的时间都很少，两个人的个性和为人处世的风格也完全不一样。
王健林是比较低调、稳重的处世风格，王思聪是那种看谁不爽就要怼的性格，很难看出家学的传承。
有些家庭虽然条件好，他出于不想让孩子走自己的老路，还有的是出于对孩子的保护和溺爱，也是没有家学传承的。
就像刚才讲的成龙、张国立的小孩，都出过事，如果非说他们有什么传承，那就是基因的传承，基因那是遗传学的范畴，谈不上什么家学。
四、什么是真正的家学?
有人认为，所谓家学，不就是让小孩读一读《弟子规》，学一学《论语》，读一读《曾国藩家书》，读一读我前面讲的《颜氏家训》。
其实不是的，这些都是写在书里的东西，你的小孩可以读，别人家的小孩也可以读。
到底什么是真正的家学呢，我说两个重要的概念:
第一，家学是秘而不宣的独特的、个性的学问。
家学是秘而不宣的，秘而不宣是什么意思?就是家学是关起门来讲的，不会公开去讲，甚至古代的时候叫传男不传女，传内不传外。
而且家学是独特的，个性的学问，比如炸油条的有炸油条的家学。
炸油条的时候油温该是多少?和面的时候要放点什么?醒面的时候该醒多长时间?油条要怎么炸?炸多久才最酥脆，最好吃?
这个油条店要开在什么地方生意最好?客人来了怎么维护关系?怎么打招呼?这都是学问，你别以为随随便便开一家店就能赚钱。
这些东西别人也不会随随便便告诉你，这是吃饭的家伙，是独门秘籍，家学是秘而不宣的、独特的个性的学问。
第二，对于家学来说，身教比言传更有效果。
我们都听说过一句话，叫做言传甚于身教
真正会做生意的家庭，客人来了，不管这单生意能不能做成，一定是笑脸相迎，笑脸相送。
比如说，你开一家茶叶店，客人来了，先不着急推销，先泡上一壶茶，让客人先品一品，喝上三五杯，在喝的过程中，慢慢了解客人的需求。
客人来买茶叶，是自己喝，还是送人?自己喝的话，品质要好一些，但是包装可以随意，那么要推荐一些性价比高的茶叶，不一定很贵，但一定好喝。
如果是送人，那品质不能太差，而且要看送的对象是谁，包装一定要好，用精致的木头盒子装好，外面再用漂亮的袋子包装一下，显得很高档。
顾客临走，可以加一下微信，送一些零散包装的茶叶给客户尝一尝，红茶、普洱、白茶、铁观音，客户喜欢喝什么，下次他肯定就找你。
在这样的环境中，一个人如果长期看着父母这样做生意，父母即使不教，他耳濡目染，也能学到不少东西，这就是身教的作用。
五、没有家学怎么办?
有的人说，博主，那些有家学的人，早开悟比我们要开窍得早，那我们没有家学的人怎么办呢?是不是就只能甘于落后，赶不上他们，我们只能躺平认命算了?
我认为不是这样，我前面也讲了，现在这个社会，真正有完整、系统家学传承的家庭，是非常少的。
我们中国社会因为各种原因，出现过文化的断裂，这个我就不展开来说了，大家读一读历史都应该明白。
即使有的家庭条件非常好，也要看孩子的性格和悟性，社会发展变化速度特别快，以前的陈旧的知识和观念，未必适合现在的这个社会。
一个人保持终生学习的心态非常重要，没有家学怎么办呢?我给大家几点建议供大家参考:
1.尽量跟原生家庭切割
如果你的父母非常厉害，在某个方面做出了成绩，你当然可以继承家学的传承，向他们学习。
但是如果你的父母自己就混得一塌糊涂，他们还要对你指手画脚，你就不要事事都听父母的。
因为他们一辈子的实践，已经证明了他们不行你就要尽量跟原生家庭切割。
这个切割不是说你就不用孝敬他们了，孝顺是应该的，我的策略是，多寄钱，一年多回去看他们几次。
但是最好不要住在一块，也不要听取他们对你人生的任何建议。他们跟你说什么，你都说好好好，您说的对。
但是你该怎么做自己拿主意，你的人生中的重大决定，比如读什么大学、选什么专业、要不要读研究生、选择什么样的工作、选择什么样的另一半、要不要创业，你都自己独自拿主意。
2.向身边优秀的人学习
去年我去一个单位讲课，注意到一个让我印象特别深刻的细节。
受某单位一把手的邀请，我给他们讲公文写作。
去了以后，单位一把手安排办公室主任在门口迎接，预留好了专用的车位，然后把我带上楼，刚出电梯，一把手就在电梯口等着迎接我。
中午在他们单位食堂吃饭，当然都是用工作餐当时因为还有疫情，我们吃饭是在一个小包厢里，一把手以及一个副职一起陪我吃
吃完了以后，一把手眼疾手快，立马把我的餐盒端起来要帮我倒掉，他自己的餐盒还放在桌子上，副职看到了，就主动帮这个一把手把餐盒端起来拿去倒。
把手觉得这也不合适啊，虽然我是一把手，他是二把手，但是让他帮我端餐盒，这显得太官僚主义了，所以他又一并端起我的以及二把手的餐盒，一起拿去倒。
也就是说形成了一个错位，一把手帮我倒餐盒二把手帮一把手倒餐盒，一把手还一并帮二把手倒餐盒，说得有点像绕口令，大家应该能看懂，
从这里面可以看出来什么呢?身居高位的人，都非常懂得换位思考，都很有服务意识。
我们很多年轻人，一谈到服务，好像觉得很丢人，给一把手倒个茶、搬个椅子、拎个包，觉得好像玷污了自己高贵的人格。
但实际上，人家做到厅级干部了，服务意识还是那么强，时刻注意察言观色，我刚吃完，嘴还没擦，人家已经把我的餐盒端走了，我想自己倒都来不及。
能身居高位的人，真的都有自己的过人之处，人家能放得下架子，我的级别比他低，但我跟他一起相处，时时处处能够感受到礼貌、客气、周到的那种感觉。
我们没有家学没关系，我经常讲一个词，叫见贤思齐。看到人家做得好的地方，看到比我们优秀的人，我们不要轻易去否定别人，不要轻易去鄙视别人，保持一股学习的劲头。
有的人既有很大的缺点，但他也有很大的优点缺点的部分，我们引以为戒，叫见不贤而内省。
看到不好的地方，我们自我反省，我有没有跟他一样的毛病?看他人家好的地方，我们见贤思齐，拼命学过来。
尤其是现在有互联网，有很多的优质课程都是可以学习的，当然前提是你必须学会甄别。
学会甄别的这个过程也要掉坑，也会花一些冤枉钱，但是这都是成长过程中必要的试错。
允许试错，是通往成功路上非常重要的一种思维
很多人为什么会身处底层?一方面是自身的条件不允许他试错;另一方面他自己也形成了一种确定性思维，一件事情必须是确定的，确保百分之八十、甚至百分之百能做成，他才会去做。
但是我认为，所谓的机会，有50%，甚至有的时候只有10%的成功概率的时候，你就要去把握。
我之前讲过一节课:面对机会的时候，到底应该怎么做才能够把握? 现实中，非常地遗憾，很多人看不懂什么是机会，机会来了也没准备好，准备好了也抓不住，这是很糟糕的。
3.保持开放的心态
前段时间，有读者朋友问博主，我该不该去考一个在职研究生?要不要去读一个博士?
我说，你们应该都是没有认真听我课的，如果听过我的课，不会问出这样的问题。
工作了以后，除了少数事业单位、科研院所、高校，如果你还整天想着靠学历获得提拔晋升，那说明学生思维很严重，你连职场规律的门都还没摸到。
我说完这句话以后，有一个人就回复说: 忽悠接着忽悠，如果学历不重要，那我们干嘛还要每天学习?如果都像你们一样，整天琢磨怎么搞人际关系，那每个人都去当领导好了，具体事情谁来干? 这个社会怎么进步?
原话我已经记不太清了，他大概的意思是这样吧，我当天心情还比较好，就逐条对他进行了反驳。
我说:
第一，学习不等于读一个学历，我强烈主张我们每个人都要终生学习，但是不等于我们要一味地把学历当作人生最重要的指标，学习跟学历是两码事。
第二，我没有完全否认学历的重要性，我说如果你是在事业单位，为了评职称的需要，或者你在高校、科研院所、研究机构，确实需要学历给你背书，那你就去读吧，读完对你是有帮助就行。
但是如果你当个公务员，你认为读了个在职研究生，组织就会优先考虑提拔你，那你就错了，学历在提拔中的作用连前五的重要性都排不上。
第三，他说我们完全在搞人际关系，这也是不对的。我们教的东西，其实是职场规律。当然我们具体业务上会讲得比较少，我以前也说过原因是什么。
第一个原因是业务的东西五花八门，不好教，我能什么都懂吗?卫生健康、旅游文化、招商引资、公安刑侦、税务稽查、法院案件审理，我能都会吗?具体的业务我们讲不了，术业有专攻。
第二个原因，如果一个人做业务都需要别人开课来教，那这个人基本也没啥前途了。业务的东西，自己在职场跟着学几年应该都会。
而且我们讲课，每个老师首先都是强调要把工作干好，从来没有说过工作不重要。这个我就不展开来说了。
我想通过这个例子说明什么呢? 就是这个在公屏区质疑我们的人，他显然是不了解我们的，他也没听过我跟水姐或者任何其他老师的课。
但是当他听到我说学历在提拔的时候不重要这个观点的时候，他就觉得非常反感，因为这跟他一直以来坚持的信念，跟他脑子里的思维是不符合的，是相冲突的。
我们的大脑天然地喜欢接收跟我们固有的思维模型相契合的观点，我们保持一个开放的心态是很重要的。
现在有一句话，叫做每个人都是自己健康的第一责任人，其实我们作为父母的话，我们也是自己家庭传承的第一责任人。
我反对鸡娃，但是我鼓励给孩子正确的言传身教，给孩子正确的价值观引导。
你的一言一行，你现在以及未来是什么样子，你的孩子就会是什么样子，你就是你孩子的原生家庭。
标签：
经济
生活2007 yılı başında sonuçlanacak çalışmada, Türk Elektrik dağıtım şebekesinin AB'ye bağlanması için gerekli olan bilgiler toplanacak.
1,5 milyon euro tutacak çalışma AB'nin aday ülkeler için öngördüğü fondan karşılanacak. Güneydoğu Avrupa ülkelerinin elektrik dağıtım şebekeleri 1974, Orta Avrupa ülkeleri 1995, Bulgaristan, Romanya ve Ukrayna ise 2003 yılında Avrupa sistemine entegre edilmişti.
Türk elektrik şebekesinin AB'ye entegrasyonun da bu geç kalınması elektrik dağıtım sisteminin Avrupa ülkeleri ile aynı frekansta olmaması olarak gösterildi.
Brüksel'deki AB gözlemcileri Türk elektrik dağıtım şebekesinin Avrupa'ya entegrasyonun büyük bir proje olduğunu söylediler.Shared Prosperity Denied – 1880s to the early 1930s
By Mark McDermott
The 50 years from the 1880s to the early 1930s saw extraordinary changes in American life. Rapid urbanization, massive immigration and the decades-long “Great Migration” of millions of African-Americans from the South to northern cities created teeming cities. Rapid industrialization coupled with the world’s largest railroad network made us the leading industrial power in the world. Technological innovations such as the telephone, motion pictures, electrification of factories, cities and homes, automobiles, and the radio revolutionized how many people lived and their views of the future.
Amidst the great changes, the country seethed with discontent as powerful corporations and spectacularly wealthy people amassed unimagined wealth. At the same time, millions of workers and farmers performed grueling work and lived in chronic fear of hard times. Peoples’ standards of living were rising and yet massive poverty remained. Multiple financial panics, depressions and recessions periodically threw millions into abject poverty, insecurity and misery amidst the greatest wealth the world had ever seen.
Throughout these decades, the people struggled mightily to limit the power of corporations, the wealthy and their political allies in the Republican and Democratic Parties. They wanted a more just system that shared the wealth fairly, provided greater security in hard economic times, expanded our democratic rights at work and in the larger community, created greater opportunity for education, and reduced work hours to allow more time for family and community life.
In very human terms, people wanted an adequate income when they were unemployed, unable to work or too old to work. We wanted their families were adequately fed, clothed and housed. They wanted an end of abusive child labor and free compulsory quality education for their children. They wanted a more secure, just and hopeful future free from fear of want and deprivation in the land of plenty. They wanted the right to organize unions, rights and dignity on the job, and safe and healthy workplaces. They wanted a greater voice in political and economic life.
The demands for economic justice were largely thwarted for decades as Corporate America dominated economic and political life throughout most of the period. Frustrated by the two major political parties’ unwillingness to address their great grievances, many people turned to new third parties – Greenbacks, Populists, Socialists, Progressives, and Communists and other organizations advocated broad changes. They were looking for broad alternatives needed to change a system that simultaneously produced enormous wealth and perpetuated needless misery, exploitation and hardshipploitation and hardship.
At the same time, millions of workers struggled to organized unions and create a more democratic workplace in which they earned a fair wage in safe conditions. Lacking legal rights to form unions and massive repression from governments supporting corporations, organized labor remained weak despite widespread demands for worker justice.
The growing people’s demands for expanded economic and political justice and rights were severely undercut by deep divisions among the people. First and foremost, widespread racism and anti-immigrant
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the chart below.
Vancouver’s child poverty rates remains the second-highest in Canada and has actually seen an increase from last year’s 13.8% to 14.1%. Note that this is not just the City of Vancouver, but the entire metropolitan area, including municipalities from Anmore to Langley and Maple Ridge (complete list here).
Victoria is in the middle of the pack, in 9th place, with child poverty rate of 9%. These numbers refer to the Greater Victoria area (see here).
Child poverty isn’t a question of jobs: 6 of the 18 cities with lower child poverty rates than Vancouver experienced higher rates of unemployment in 2011. This is why it’s so important to talk about low wages and encourage employers to pay a living wage.
Windsor in Ontario had the highest child poverty rate of all Canadian cities (16.5% or one in every 6 children). Quebec City and Sherbrooke (both in Quebec) had the lowest urban child poverty rate in the country, less than 3%.
Statistics Canada reports on child poverty rates in selected municipalities with a total population of at least 100,000 (known to statisticians as census metropolitan areas). The data are updated every summer and can be found in CANSIM table 202-0802.AB168是便携式音频机架，当它与SQ调音台或AR2412音频机架连接时可提供16路XLR卡侬输入和8路 XLR卡侬输出。
配备16个话筒前置放大器，带有幻象电源指示灯和8个XLR卡侬线路输出，AB168以Allen & Heath的专有dSNAKE协议运行。
通过安全的dSNAKE EtherCon端口，使用单根Cat5线缆，AB168可连接到SQ调音台，或连接到AR2412音频机架。利用第二∩个EtherCon端口可菊链式连接另一台AB168或连接ME个人混音系统。AB168自动更新固件与SQ系统同步。
机架坚固耐用，包括橡胶『缓冲条，使机架能够适应路途颠簸，并能在演出期间放置在舞台上。AB168机架仅重4.8kg，有着坚固的把手，设计提供了最大的便利性和便携性。还有可选的机架安装套件。
规格:
?16个XLR卡侬接口上的话筒前置放大器
?每输入有╳幻象电源指示LED
?8路XLR卡侬线路输出
?dSNAKE连接带有锁定Ethercon端口
?额外♀的锁定Ethercon端口可用于菊链式连接/ME个人混音系统
?橡胶缓冲条
?把手
?可选配机架安装套件Quasi la metà di tutti i bambini colpiti dalla povertà in Germania vive in famiglie con diversi figli. Questo è il risultato di uno studio della Fondazione Bertelsmann, pubblicato su Gütersloh. Circa un terzo di tutte le famiglie con tre o più figli sono considerate a basso reddito e quasi un quinto riceve i benefici e gli aiuti previsti dalla legislazione sociale tedesca.
La direttrice educativa della fondazione, Anette Stein, ha quindi chiesto di prestare maggiore attenzione alla situazione sociale delle famiglie con diversi bambini “soprattutto anche per combattere risolutamente la povertà infantile in Germania”.
Circa un sesto della famiglie tedesche è una famiglia con più figli, cioè una famiglia con tre o più figli. In particolare, le famiglie numerose con un solo genitore sono colpite dalla povertà: secondo lo studio, oltre l’86% di esse dipende dagli interventi sociali. Per le famiglie con due genitori, sono quelle con tre o più figli che corrono quasi tre volte di più il rischio di povertà rispetto alle famiglie con due soli figli.
Su 1,3 milioni di famiglie con più figli in Germania i genitori affrontano in particolare la sfida di conciliare lavoro e cura dei bambini. Il lavoro retribuito di entrambi i genitori nelle famiglie con tre o più figli è significativamente inferiore rispetto ai genitori con uno o due figli.
Secondo lo studio, il lavoro retribuito di entrambi i genitori diminuisce all’aumentare del numero di figli. Si dice che i padri siano spesso la fonte principale di guadagno, ma in realtà le madri guadagnano di più, spesso svolgendo più di un lavoro. Allo stesso tempo, le madri di famiglie con più figli dedicano in media il doppio del tempo al giorno all’assistenza all’infanzia rispetto ai padri.
I dati mostrano che il 70% delle madri di tre o più bambini sono istruite o molto istruite. “Questo confuta il cliché secondo cui i genitori di famiglie numerose hanno per lo più un basso livello di istruzione”, sottolineano gli autori. Le famiglie con bambini grandi sono costantemente preoccupate per le strozzature finanziarie e per gli alloggi a prezzi accessibili.
La ricercatrice per i problemi dell’infanzia Sabine Andresen, coinvolta nello studio, ha affermato che secondo i genitori di famiglie numerose il contratto intergenerazionale “dei nostri sistemi di sicurezza sociale basati sulla solidarietà funziona”. Ma lo studio precisa anche che “Senza il lavoro di cura dei genitori, in particolare delle madri, che spesso rinunciano alla propria carriera e quindi a adeguate disposizioni pensionistiche, ciò non sarebbe possibile”.
In Germania un bambino su cinque è considerato povero. Dall’inizio dell’anno i banchi alimentari sono stati presi d’assalto. Dall’inizio dell’anno si è assistito a un aumento degli utenti del 50%. Due milioni di persone ricorrono ai banchi alimentari in Germania. Allo stesso tempo le donazioni di cibo sono diminuite, costringendo le associazioni a porre un blocco per le nuove ammissioni al servizio.Güney Amerika'nın iki dev takımı Arjantin ile Uruguay hazırlık mücadelesinde İsrail'de karşı karşıya geldi. Maç 2-2 berabere tamamlandı.
Hazırlık mücadelesinde Arjantin ile Uruguay, Tel Aviv'de karşı karşıya geldi.
Uruguay'ın gollerini 34. dakikada Edinson Cavani ve 68. dakikada Luis Suarez kaydetti. Suarez 1'de asist yaptı.
Arjantin'in gollerini ise 63. dakikada Sergio Aguero ve 90. dakikada penaltıdan Lionel Messi attı. Aguero'nun golünde asisti Lionel Messi yaptı.
AJANSSPOR'Yağma Kutuları' sorunu yeni değil… Ancak, gerçeği söylemek gerekirse, şimdi ciddi bir şekilde tartışılmaya başlanan bir konu!
Ne de olsa, artık tüm dünyada hükümetleri kendi soruşturmalarını başlatıyorlar ve hatta bazı acil durum yasakları talep eden politikacılar var. Hepsi video oyun pazarında bir tür düzenleme elde etmeye çalışmak için.
Bu nedenle, endüstrinin kendisini kontrol etmesini sağlamak için, Microsoft, Sony ve Nintendo, stüdyoları 'Yağma Kutuları' yüzdelerini ifşa etmeye zorlayan bir dizi kural uyguladı.
İyi haberi açıklayan FTC'den Michael Warnecke idi! Üç video oyun devinin, bu problemi ele geçirmek için ellerinden gelmeye çalışacağını, tüm devlerin nihayetinde oyuncuların en çok arzu edilen ganimeti alma şansını ortaya çıkarmaya zorlayacağını ortaya koydu.
İlginç bir şekilde, bu karar Çin'de olanlara çok benzer. Blizzard'ın Overwatch oyununda satılan kutuların yüzdelerini açıklaması tavsiye edildi. Benzer şekilde, hem Google hem de Google Apple zaten devleri iOS ve Android oyunlarında aynısını yapmaya zorladılar.
Ancak, bu bana bu sistemlerin ortaya çıkardığı sorunların üstesinden gelmenin yolu gibi gelmiyor … Yine de, kesinlikle iyi bir başlangıç. Ve elbette, EA gibi bazı yayıncıların işleri çok ileri götürdüğünün sinyalini verin.
Ayrıca, bütün bunlar hakkında ne düşünüyorsun? Aşağıdaki yorumlarda görüşünüzü bizimle paylaşın.
kaynak
(Remakes) Yolda daha fazla Crash Bandicoot ve Spyro var!
Son iki yıldır, Activision ve stüdyoları birkaç yıl önce iyi para kazandıran klasikleri yeniden yapmak için çok çalışıyorlar. Açıkça Crash Bandicoot ve Spyro the Dragon üçlemelerinin altını çizmek zorundayız.
Eh, Crash ve Spyro'nun ilk uyarıları o kadar iyi gitti ki, Activision daha fazla başlıkta otantik bir All-In yapmaya hazır!
Makalenin geri kalanını okuyun burada.Pronunciation: [ap-puh-LAY-shuhn; Fr. ah-pel-lah-SYAWN]
A term describing a designated area for grape-growing or food production, which is controlled by governmental (federal, local or both) rules and regulations regarding how wine or foodstuffs are produced. For wine, this includes such matters as which grape varieties do best in particular climates and soils, viticultural and winemaking practices, allowable yields per acre, alcohol content of the wine, and so on. For food productscheese, for examplethe regulations might dictate which breed of cattle the milk must come from, what type of feed the animals must eat and the minimum fat content for the cheese. Such rules vary from country to country but are analogous in their attempt to stimulate the production of quality wines and foods. Countries with their own appellation systems include France (Appellation d'origine ContrôléeAOC), Italy (Denominazione di Origine ControllataDOC), Portugal (Denominação de OrigenDO) and Spain (Denominación de OrigenDO). However, the appellation systems of individual countries are being replaced slowly by those of the European Union (EU). The two most widely used criteria are protected designation of origin and protected geographical indicationsets of standards that apply to all EU-member countries. In the United States, foodstuffs are not yet regulated by such "protected name" regulations, but rather only by USDA rules and regulations that apply to how a product is produced. Wine regions in the United States are governed by american viticultural area regulations, which are not as restrictive as those for most European appellations.
From The Food Lover's Companion, Fourth edition by Sharon Tyler Herbst and Ron Herbst. Copyright © 2007, 2001, 1995, 1990 by Barron's Educational Series, Inc.What are exogeneous and endogeneous controls? - (Apr/18/2011 )
Can anyone tell me what are exogeneous and endogeneous controls? when do we use? which one is reliable?
Exogenous control - A control that is spiked in the sample. For example, DNAs with known concentrated and sequences added to samples as controls.
Endogenous control - A control that is present in the sample. For example Actin RNA in a RNA sample.
exogenous controls are DNAs that are spiked from outside into your sample, there are 2 types of exogenous controls:
1) heterologous controls where you end up with two primer pairs in the tube + a spiked DNA from outside (can also be in a defined number of copies), e.g. you want to control if a PCR reaction happened in your tube to exclude false negatives.
2) competitive exogenous control: one primer pair but probes labeled with different fluorescent dyes, again + spiked DNA from outside (in defined copy number). So, the two target DNAs (your target + control sequence) compete for the primers.
Endogenous control: as the name implies, this control uses a DNA which is component of your sample cDNA. this is commonly termed as a "housekeeping gene". This sort of control is mostly used in real-time PCR to normalize for different cDNA loading amounts. Here, for instance, you can also control for different efficiencies of the RT enzyme during the cDNA reaction.
An exogenous control is a control DNA spiked into your DNA samples. For example adding 100 ng of a 200 bp template to your cDNA sample of unknown concentration. This is typically used when you need to quantify a given amount of template; for example to quantify the amount of viral DNA in a blood sample based on known quantities of control/exogenous virus.
An endogenous control is basically a control that is already present in your DNA sample. For example the typical GAPD gene used for Northern blots and PCR. You typically use this when you are comparing the expression of a gene of interest across multiple samples. You basically use the endogenous control to normalize the amount of DNA template in all your samples.
Either one can be very reliable if used appropriately.
Thank you for your explanation. It was really helpful.approfondimenti
MONDO
L’Algeria in rivolta: «Ci siamo risvegliati e la pagherete!»
L’abdicazione del presidente Bouteflika è una vittoria storica per il popolo algerino. Ma la battaglia per una vera transizione democratica non è ancora finita
Ciò che sta accadendo in Algeria è una svolta storica. Il popolo ha vinto la sua prima battaglia nella lotta per modernizzare radicalmente il sistema. Abdelaziz Bouteflika, presidente per gli ultimi vent’anni, è stato costretto ad abdicare dopo più di sei settimane di proteste per le strade e una riconfigurazione di alleanze all’interno delle classi dominanti.
Da venerdì 22 febbraio milioni di persone, giovani e meno giovani, uomini e donne provenienti da diverse classi sociali si sono presi le strade con una rivolta imponente, si sono riappropriati dello spazio pubblico, che da tempo era stato loro tolto. Le storiche marce del venerdì seguite da proteste nei diversi settori (scuola, sanità, industria petrolchimica, studenti, ecc.), il popolo unito nel suo rifiuto del sistema dominante e nelle sue richieste di cambiamento democratico radicale.
I due slogan emblematici di questa rivolta pacifica, “Devono andare via tutti!” e “Il paese è nostro e facciamo quello che vogliamo”, simboleggiano l’evoluzione radicale di questo movimento popolare, che è stato innescato dall’annuncio del presidente ottuagenario di volersi candidare per un quinto mandato nonostante le sue gravi condizioni di salute; Bouteflika non si era rivolto alla nazione per quasi sei anni.
Ciò che rende questo movimento veramente unico è la sua enorme scala, il carattere pacifico e l’estensione nazionale, che include il sud emarginato. Il movimento è inoltre caratterizzato dalla significativa partecipazione di donne e specialmente giovani, che costituiscono la maggioranza della popolazione. L’Algeria non ha assistito a un così esteso movimento, vario e diffuso, dal 1962, quando gli algerini scesero in strada per celebrare la loro indipendenza dal governo coloniale francese conquistata duramente.
L’insurrezione ha colto molti di sorpresa. All’inizio di febbraio, l’umore politico era ancora quello di disperazione e rassegnazione a quello che le autorità si stavano preparando a fare in merito alle elezioni presidenziali programmate per aprile 2019. Il panorama politico generalmente arido è stato il risultato della decimazione di una genuina opposizione politica all’interno del paese insieme alla repressione e/o alla cooptazione di sindacati e simili attori della società civile.
Le proteste popolari di massa a partire dall’ultimo febbraio hanno tuttavia rovesciato questo status quo, creando un grosso potenziale per il cambiamento e la resistenza. Con lo slogan “Ci siamo risvegliati e la pagherete!” il popolo sta esprimendo la sua riscoperta volontà politica. Il processo liberatorio è allo stesso tempo trasformativo. Possiamo esserne testimoni con l’euforia, l’energia, la creatività, la fiducia, lo spirito, l’umorismo e la gioia, che questo movimento ha ispirato dopo decenni di repressione sociale e politica.
Questa rivoluzione è come una boccata d’aria fresca. Il popolo ha affermato il proprio ruolo come artefice del proprio destino. Fanon [intellettuale francese nativo di Martinica e rappresentate del movimento terzomondista per la decolonizzazione, morì nel 1961, prima dell’indipendenza algerina, nota del traduttore] illustra come, in mezzo ai disastri peggiori, le masse trovano i mezzi per riorganizzarsi e continuano la loro esistenza quando hanno un obiettivo comune di sbarazzarsi dei loro oppressori ed emanciparsi.
PACE INTERNA, CONSENSO INTERNAZIONALE
Questo risveglio decisivo da parte del popolo e la sua crescente coscienza politica sono avvisaglie delle buone cose a venire e dei giorni movimentati futuri per le caste speculatrici e i loro finanziatori esteri che si sono arricchiti scandalosamente. Tra l’aumento dell’impoverimento, della disoccupazione, dell’austerità paralizzante, della depredazione delle risorse, dello sviluppo impari e della corruzione, la razionalità della rivolta e della ribellione in corso diventa assolutamente chiara.
Innanzi tutto è importante notare che questa eruzione della rabbia popolare è il risultato di un accumulo di lotte e di atti di resistenza che risalgono agli anni Ottanta, di cui il più recente esempio è costituito dalla rivolta contro il gas di scisto del 2015 e il movimento dei disoccupati nel Sahara algerino dal 2012.
L’insurrezione algerina dovrebbe anche essere analizzata alla luce del contesto di un processo rivoluzionario protratto che è dilagato attraverso la regione araba nell’ultimo decennio, partendo dalla Tunisia ed espandendosi in Egitto e in una dozzina di altri paesi. Ovviamente questo processo è stato carico di contraddizioni e ha visto alti e bassi, conquiste e ostacoli, che si sono concretizzati in una transizione liberale democratica e in contro-rivoluzioni sanguinose e interventi imperialisti negli altri paesi, testimoni di queste rivolte.
Nove anni fa, l’Algeria sembrava essere immune da questa febbre rivoluzionaria ed era considerata un’eccezione alla regola, nonostante nutrisse la stessa serie di condizioni per la rivolta. In quel periodo il governo suggerì che l’Algeria avesse già sperimentato la propria “primavera” più di due decenni prima, riferendosi alla transizione democratica di breve durata, che seguì alle settimane di dimostrazioni nell’ottobre 1988, che costrinsero il regime a cedere al pluralismo politico e a una stampa indipendente. Queste vittorie in termini di diritti civili e la “transizione democratica” furono tuttavia interrotte dal golpe militare e dalla guerra civile degli anni
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e dalla protezione della base di risorse naturali, l’ambiente è fondamentale per la crescita futura e lo sviluppo sostenibile. Le priorità per l’assistenza degli Stati Uniti si concentrano sulla protezione dell’ambiente, la conservazione della biodiversità, la riforma dei tecnici e delle guide ambientali, la protezione di importanti micro-cuscini d’acqua, la promozione della produzione di energia pulita e la protezione di riserve e parchi nazionali.Black History Month is a time where we reflect upon the contributions of iconic African-Americans such as Frederick Douglass and William Lloyd Garrison who were the architects of the abolitionist movement, or Rosa Parks who refused to substitute her dignity and self-respect for blind prejudice, hatred and unjust laws. The rallying cry of “Let Freedom Ring” uttered Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr. still echo throughout the chambers of our souls today.
Freedom is the universal gift that benefits every man, woman and child. It is the substantial force that breaks the bondage of oppression and government tyranny. It is the solemn reminder that America is the land where anyone can dream and where dreams can become a reality.
The daunting question we face in 2013 is: “Are we free?” In order to look forward, one must reflect on the accomplishments of the past.
We are forever grateful for the Civil Rights Movement, which highlighted the struggle for justice and equality. We are thankful for how blacks have been granted the right to exercise their vote in free elections. We’ve come far in improving racial harmony, with blacks being promoted to high levels of government: Colin Powell and Condoleezza Rice both served as Secretary of State and of course Barack Obama became the first black President of the United States.
There are countless examples of America embracing diversity and providing equal opportunities for all, but yet, there is still a longing desire for freedom.
The parent of a poor black child that lives in an impoverished area of their community deserves the right to have their child attend the school of their choice, without that child’s freedom intertwined with the substandard performance of their educators. The fact that it is 2013 and many continue to advocate for school choice proves that for some, freedom must be put on hold in order to advance the agenda of big government.
I feel obliged to plea for freedom when I see single black mothers become manipulated by the welfare state that is promoted by liberalism. We are not a free society when black males are incarcerated, instead of at home raising their sons and daughters like good role models. As government seeks to take advantage of the absence of the black father, we must recognize that this is social tyranny, not freedom.
I am only a singular voice, but within the realms of my soul is a plea for African-Americans to begin a new history—economic freedom. There must be a rallying cry of an exodus from the plantation of liberal bondage. There must be a realization that government can easily take away what it freely gives, and that jobs, not handouts, are the most sufficient way to move up on the economic ladder.
I am surely thankful for Black History Month, but my heart cringes at the thought of what the future holds for the black community. Change needs to occur right now. Let us remember the words of Harriet Tubman: “I freed a thousand slaves. I could have freed a thousand more if only they knew they were slaves.”Humans landed and walked on the moon 6 times between 1968 and 1972. They didn’t return there until 2044 when Virgin Galaxy landed a ship with over 50 settlers who built a permanent base there. Over the next decade Virgin Galaxy raised the first space hotel – Lunar Delight – and from 2054 the moon became a meaningful and attractive holiday location.
During this period the number of semi-permanent settlers on the Moon rose to well over 5000. Until 2056 everything seemed fine. Over 10,000 inhabitants of Earth spent a minimum of one week traveling to and then exploring sites of interest on the moon.
Then in late 2056, a group of tourists disappeared without trace whilst out on a half day excursion to the Sea of Tranquility. Investigations by the local police and then the Space Patrol found no trace of the settlers or their lunar carrier. Tours were suspended for several months but eventually re-opened. In July of 2057 a distress call to Earth from the main base on the moon, Armstrong Centre, led to a battalion of space cadets heading to the moon at breakneck speed. The distress call described large sections of the Armstrong Centre disappearing into the surface of the moon.
An advance guard of the space cadets got there in under 4 hours and found no trace of the Armstrong Centre. It took over a year for Earth’s military forces to uncover an underground alien stronghold that had been built on the Moon, sometime between the late 20th Century and the time when humankind had returned to the Moon, by the ultimately named ‘Sequestrans’.
After a fairly short battle, the Seuqestrans on the moon were all destroyed. There were not many of them. As a species, they appeared to have the capability to adsorb matter into their bodies. Individually they could do this on a small scale but when they worked collectively they could adsorb large structures. This was discovered during the early skirmishes between them and the space cadets.
To this day Earth is not sure where the Sequestrans actually came from. There was no sign of any spaceship that they may have been used to land on the Moon and no records, that could be identified, of their history.Sizce hangi sporu izlemesi daha zevkli ve eğlenceli?
En İyi Kız Görüşü
voleybol.1
En İyi Erkek Görüşü
5 yıl hentbol oynadım 3 kere İstanbul şampiyonu 1 türkiye şampiyonluğu 2 kerede 2. Yaşadım çok farklı extrem kuvvet gerektiren bir o kadarda teknik bir spordur türkiyede değeri yok ve ben hentbolu bu yüzden bıraktım1-
PariSozial Münsterland'ın hizmet yelpazesi
Borken bölgesindeki PariSozial, Paritätischer Wohlfahrtsverband NRW e.V'nin yüzde 100 iştirakidir. Şirket, dernek üye kuruluşunun tekliflerine ek olarak vatandaşlar ve kuruluşlar için geniş bir yardım yelpazesi sunar.
Şirket aşağıdaki alanlarda faaliyet göstermektedir.
- Poliklinikte gençlik yardımı
- Engelliler için yardım
- Hamilelik çatışmaları ve aile planlaması için danışma merkezi
- Eşit poliklinik hizmetleri
- kreş hizmeti
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No blog posts
This list contains no blog posts.India is a tropical country. But, the climatic diversity is such that conditions in the far north India have no relation to those in the south India. Climate varies greatly from region to region.
Winters are from mid-November to mid-March, which also happen to be the tourist season. In southern India and on the coasts, temperatures during the daytime even in the cool months can reach the mid-20s centigrade, but the nights are cool. In Central India, and on hills, during the night, temperatures can drop to under 10°C. In the North, temperature can even drop to 0°C, and of course it drops below 0 degrees in the Himalayan region.
During summers, from April to June, the weather is extremely hot, dusty and unpleasant. In the north, temperatures rise over 40°C and it becomes unbearable to go outside during the daytime. Even in some parts of South and Central India, the temperature is extremely high during the day.
The monsoons stretch from July until October, but with different level of intensity in varied parts of the country.Merhaba; bir düşünce ve iletişim anketi yapalım mı? Bu anketin sonucunda karakterinizin nasıl olduğundan ziyade 1 günü nasıl verimli kullanmamız gerektiğini düşüne bilmeniz açısından önemlidir!
1- Bugün sabah kalktınız ve ilk düşündüğünüz şey neydi?
2- İşe veya okula giderken neler düşündünüz?
3- Evde temizlik yaparken ne düşündünüz?
4- Dizi sinema izlerken ne düşündünüz?
5- komşularınızla ne tür iletişim kurdunuz?
6- Eğer işsizseniz bugün neler yaptınız?
7- İş ve okul bitiminde direk eve mi gidersiniz?
8- eve döndüğünüzde Eşiniz veya Anneniz/Babanız la ne tür iletişimde oluyorsunuz?- Dış Cephe Aldırabilir miyim?
- S: Bir Dış Cephe Alabilir miyim?
- Dolap duvarlarını yıkabilir miyim?
- Bodrum duvarlarını yıkabilir miyim?
- Evin Uzunluğunu İçeren Bir İç Cephe Alabilir miyim?
- Bir evin genişliğini çalıştıran bir duvarı indirebilir miyim?
- Tavan Duvarını Aşağı Alabilir miyim?
- Bir odayı ayıran bir duvarı yıkabilir miyim?
Dış Cephe Aldırabilir miyim?
"Halının altında parke var mı?" Ev sahipleri arasında ikinci en popüler soru şu olmalıdır: "Bu duvarı indirebilir miyim?"
Duvarları yıkmak, ciddi ev tadilatlarının gerçekleştiği anlamına gelir - bu sadece yüzeylerin örtülmesinden daha fazlasıdır. Genel olarak odaların ve evinizin toplam dönüşümü anlamına gelir. Ancak, tahmin edeceğiniz gibi, duvarın çıkarılması, evinizin yapısının ciddi şekilde zayıflamasına neden olabilir.
S: Bir Dış Cephe Alabilir miyim?
Hayır. Dış duvarlar hemen hemen daima taşıyıcıdır ve evinizin yapısını ciddi şekilde zayıflatmadan aşağıya alınamaz.
Bir dış duvarı yıkarsanız, evinizin gücünü korumak için önemli bir itme gücü gereklidir.
feragat
Bunlar bir duvarı aşağı çekmek için kurallar değildir; Burada hiçbir şey mutlak değildir. Daha ziyade, bu makale bir duvarın bodrum katındaki tek katlı bir evde kaldırılıp çıkarılamayacağına karar vermede dedektif çalışmanız için ipuçları sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Evinizdeki bir duvarın alınıp alınamayacağını sadece lisanslı ve deneyimli bir yüklenici ve / veya yapısal mühendis belirleyebilir.
Dolap duvarlarını yıkabilir miyim?
Evet. Bir dolap duvarının önü tipik olarak bir bölme duvarıdır ve yük taşıyıcı değildir.
Dolap duvarı resimde gösterildiği gibi "jog" ise, kesinlikle taşıyıcı değildir. Yani, dolabın ön ve yan ikisi de alınabilir.
Bodrum duvarlarını yıkabilir miyim?
Hayır ve evet.
Bodrum duvarları zor bir konudur. Bazı duvarlar, evinizin yapısal bütünlüğü için kesinlikle kritik olabilirken, diğer duvarlar, yukarıdan hiçbir yük taşımayan bölme duvarları olabilir.
"Hayır" bölümü ile başlayalım. Çoğu bodrum katı, evin birinci katının yukarısındaki yükleri taşımaya yardımcı olan bir destek yapısına sahiptir. Yani, "Evin sütunları ve kirişleri destekliyor mu?" Soru şu: "Neredeler?" Tabii ki, yukarıdaki katın desteğiyle ilgili hiçbir şeyi kaldırmak istemezsiniz.
Kolon 4x4 ise, neredeyse yük taşıyıcıdır. Hiç kimse 4x4'lerden bir bölme duvarı inşa etmeyecek.
Şimdi "Evet" kısmı için. Bodrumlar genellikle destek sütunlarıyla dolduğundan, girişimci ev sahipleri bazen bir sütundan diğerine duvarlar inşa ederler. Bu sahte duvarlar, çamaşır odaları, çamur odaları, dens, misafir yatak odaları vb. Oluşturabilir. Bu bağlantılar kaldırılabilir.
Evin Uzunluğunu İçeren Bir İç Cephe Alabilir miyim?
Belki. İç duvarınız evin uzunluğunu çalıştırıyorsa - ve aynı şekilde evi ikiye bölüyorsa - bu duvarın yük taşıyıcı olma ihtimali vardır. Bir bodrum duvarı varsa, şans daha yüksektir.
Birinci kat bir duvarsa, şans daha düşük. Aslında, evi ikiye bölen bu iç duvarlar, aşağıda bodrum katının altındaki yeterli desteğin altında olabilir.
Bir evin genişliğini çalıştıran bir duvarı indirebilir miyim?
Çoğu zaman evet. Genişlikle çalışan duvarlar, uzun süre çalışan duvarlara göre çıkarılmaları için daha iyi adaylardır.
Birçok evde, bir bakışta genişlik ve uzunluk belirlemek zordur. Uzunluk, kirişlere dik olarak koşmak anlamına gelir. Genişlik, kirişlere paralel olarak koşmak anlamına gelir.
Tavan Duvarını Aşağı Alabilir miyim?
Evet, çoğu durumda. Çatı katındaki bölme duvarları, doğrudan zemine çakıldıkları ve her on altı inçlik dikey çivilere sahip oldukları için tanımlanabilir.
Bir kafes (resimde) üçgenlerden oluşur ve destekleyici bir üyedir. Bir kafes veya kafesin herhangi bir parçası çıkarılmamalıdır.
Bir odayı ayıran bir duvarı yıkabilir miyim?
Evet. Odanın gerçek dış boyutlarını belirleyebilmeniz koşuluyla, odayı ayıran duvarların çoğu alınabilir.Nepal’de düşen uçağın yardımcı pilotunun eşi de 16 yıl önce kazada ölmüş
Nepal’de 15 Ocak’ta, 68 yolcuyla 4 mürettebatı taşıyan Yeti Hava Yollarına ait “ATR 72” tipi yolcu uçağı başkent Katmandu’dan Pokhara’ya gitmek üzere havalandıktan sonra düştü. Kazada 70 kişi hayatını kaybetti.
Kazada ölen uçağın kadın yardımcı pilotu Anju Khatiwada’nın 16 yıl önce eşi Dipak Pokhrel’i uçak kazasında kaybettiği ortaya çıktı.
Khatiwada’nın eşi de Yeti Havayolları’nın kaza yapan uçağında yardımcı pilottu.
Çiftin aile dostu Santosh Sharma, Khatiwada’nın hem eşinin hayalini yerine getirdiğini hem de kendi hayalinin peşinden gittiğini söylüyor.
Pokhrel’in yardımcı pilotluğunu yaptığı uçak, ülkenin batısındaki Jumla’ya gıda taşıyordu. Haziran 2006’da düştüğünde içindeki dokuz kişi de hayatını kaybetmişti.
BBC Türkçe’deki habere göre üzerinden dört yıl geçtikten sonra Anju onun izinden gitti, ABD’deki eğitimi sırasında pek çok zorluğun üstesinden geldi. Pilot olduğunda Yeti Havayolları’na katıldı. Anju, havayolu şirketindeki altı kadın pilottan biriydi ve 6400 saate yakın uçmuştu.
Anju yeniden evlenip ikinci kez anne oldu. Arkadaşları ve ailesi onun işine hayran olduğunu söylüyor, ilk eşiyle aynı şekilde hayatını kaybetmesini trajedi olarak görüyor.
Kazada 70 kişi hayatını kaybetti, kayıp iki kişinin ise hayatlarından umut kesildi. (HABER MERKEZİ)Oggi allenati anche se fa caldo
Combinare l’attività fisica con le alte temperature non è sempre facile, ma basta mettere in pratica qualche piccolo accorgimento e il gioco è fatto. Allenati la mattina presto o nel tardo pomeriggio per evitare un’eccessiva sudorazione e conseguente perdita d’acqua e sali minerali, bevi tanto, fai sempre esercizi di riscaldamento e defaticamento, evita di fare attività fisica nelle ore successive ai pasti e metti sempre la crema solare. Puoi provare il beach volley, il tennis oppure il jogging o il ciclismo.There is a lot of discussion in the press lately about whether impediments to equality of opportunity remain after structural barriers have been removed. Political ideology often dominates these discussions. We offer a perspective from behavioral economics and social science.
Suppose your political goal is to help people from a historically excluded group get the same shot at achieving success as people from privileged groups. After hard work, you remove binding structural constraints for education, training, employment, credit, health care, and transportation. Is your job done?
Traditional accounts in economics and political philosophy contend that it is. But recent evidence demonstrates that it’s not. There’s a lot more to do. Stable institutions have cognitive foundations—concepts, categories, social identities, and worldviews. They function like lenses through which individuals see themselves and conceptualize the situations they face. As the anthropologist Mary Douglas puts it, institutions have “schematizing” effects—they influence how people think. This can cause social exclusion to persist.
What happens after structural barriers to opportunity are removed?
Even after structural barriers are removed, people carry around in their heads categories and beliefs that legitimized the old rules. The entrenched cognitive structures and beliefs affect their behavior.
The precision of economics has benefited from field, lab, and as-if-random “natural” experiments. Economists now investigate whether socio-psychological barriers undermine equal participation in society by different groups.
In our recent paper, we review causes of social exclusion that go beyond the structural barriers identified by rational choice theory, and discuss policies to address them. A growing list of interventions has produced large benefits—like helping individuals from disadvantaged groups develop the self-confidence needed to succeed in high school and college.
Socio-psychological barriers persist, and impede women’s mobility
Despite substantial female educational advances, vertical gender segregation in the workplace remains: men are disproportionately in the top ranks in industry and women are disproportionately at the lower end. Advancement depends in part on the allocation of time between tasks that are likely to affect one’s career (revenue-generating tasks in industry and research-related tasks in research-oriented universities) and tasks with low promotability (like organizing an office Christmas party or participating in committees). Many people rightly feel a sense of obligation to spend some time on tasks that help their organization at the cost of advancing their careers.
If a person does such tasks, he or she benefits (everyone gets to go to the office Christmas party!), but all the other people in the organization benefit, too. The problem is that everyone prefers that the task be done by someone else.
Why do women typically end up with most of the tasks with low promotability?
Linda Babcock, Maria Recalde, Lise Vesterlund, and Laurie Weingart found a lot of evidence that women, rather than men, disproportionately do the tasks with low promotability. They ran an experiment to shed light on why
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- svenska(587.28 KB - PDF)We live in an electronic age, where the microprocessor is ubiquitous. So pervasive is the use of integrated circuitry, that we have become indifferent to the phenomenal computational power surrounding us, and hence blithe to it’s disposability. In the late 60s when semiconductor technology was in its infancy, and the integrated circuit was still a novelty, a young scientist at Caltech, named Gordon Moore made the insight that the number of transistors on an integrated circuit was doubling every 18 months or so. This speculation became known as ‘Moore’s Law’, and has held up surprisingly well, with contemporary CPU chips containing millions upon millions of transistors, and increasing in computational power at an exponential rate.
With such growth comes inevitable redundancy – the state-of-the-art gadget you crave today will be left to gather dust in the back of a drawer in a couple of years time. It’s easy to lose sight of this rate of change, in fact, that we don’t just take it for granted, but actively expect smaller, faster, more feature-filled devices to replace the ones we found miraculous just a few months ago.
4-colour spray stencil on DEC Hi-Note Laptop
Which brings us to this piece – a portrait of Gordon Moore, from the 60s, about the time he first suggested his ‘law’. I have stencilled the portrait onto a 1995 DEC Hi-Note Laptop, which when released was a state-of-the-art device, retailing for £2360 + VAT – and now worth less than the price of a canvas.
I tried to estimate how many (now worthless) transistors this device contains:
- CPU – 486DX = approx 1 million
- Screen (800×600, colour) = 800x600x3= 1,440,000
- RAM (24MB) = 24x1024x1024x8 = 243,793,920
- Supporting chipset = approx 0.5M
This rough calculation suggests there are nearly 250 million transistors in this device alone. As you can see, the device has an ‘Intel inside’ sticker – After leaving Caltech, Gordon Moore went on to found the Intel Corporation, and now has an estimated personal worth of $3.7B …-
linux系统内核主要功能,Linux内核的主要功能包括内存管理、任务调度、()、虚拟文件系统和网络接口..._考试...2021-05-12 02:48:02SECTION A CONVERSATIONSDirections: In this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.听力原文：W: I see you are ...
SECTION A CONVERSATIONSDirections: In this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.听力原文：W: I see you are having the fish for lunch.M: That's right. Fish sticks and tomato soup, my favorites.W: I bet they were frozen.M: What?W: The fish sticks.M: Of course they were frozen. We are hundreds of miles from the ocean. The cafeteria can't afford to fly in fresh fish.W: I just mentioned it because an anecdote Professor Chambers told me in my American social history class this morning.M: He talked about fish sticks?W: Not exactly. But he did talk about frozen fish. OK, this is back in 1912, right? It's 20 degrees below zero. And this guy Clarence Birdseye's out ice-fishing.M: Where is this, Antarctica?W: No. Massachusetts I think. Anyway he catches a fish and drops it beside him on the ice and it freezes solid.M: So?W: So, later at home he thaws out the fish in a bucket of water and it's alive. Of course Birdseye is amazed. But he eventually figures out that the fish froze so fast that no large ice crystals formed.M: What do you mean?W: Look, usually when a plant or animal cell freezes, large ice crystals form. inside and eventually tear the cell walls. That's what kills the frozen plant or animal. And also what changes the taste of something that's been frozen. But if you freeze something quickly, only very small ice crystals form. So Birdseye invented the process of quick freezing food.M: And that was the beginning of frozen foods?W: Right.Why does the woman tell the man the story?A．To inform. him about a class he missed.B．Because he is eating fish sticks.C．Because she tutors him.D．To encourage him to eat a healthier lunch.
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mec的主要功能包括_操作系统的主要功能包括？2021-01-27 06:36:30主要包括5个方面的管理功能：进程与处理机管理、作业管理、存储管理、设备管理、文件管理。操作系统(Operating System，简称OS)是一管理电脑硬件与软件资源的程序，同时也是计算机系统的内核与基石。操作系统是一个...
主要包括5个方面的管理功能：进程与处理机管理、作业管理、存储管理、设备管理、文件管理。
操作系统(Operating System，简称OS)是一管理电脑硬件与软件资源的程序，同时也是计算机系统的内核与基石。操作系统是一个庞大的管理控制程序，目前微机上常见的操作系统有DOS、OS/2、UNIX、XENIX、LINUX、Windows、Netware等。操作系统的功能主要体现在对计算机资源――微处理器、存储器、外部设备、文件和作业五大计算机资源的管理，操作系统将这种管理功能分别设置成相应的程序管理模块，每个管理模块分管一定的功能。即操作系统的五大功能。
1、微处理器管理功能
在大型操作系统中.可存在多个微处理器，并同时可管理多个作业。怎样选出其中一个作业进入主存储器运行，怎样为这个作业分配微处理器等等，都由微处理器管理模块负责。微处理器管理模块，要对系统中各个微处理器的状态进行登记，还要登记各个作业对微处理器的要求。管理模块还要用一个优化算法实现最佳调度规则。把所有的微处理器分配给各个用户作业使用。最终是提高微处理器的利用率。这就是操作系统的微处理器管理功能。
2、内存管理功能
内存储器的管理，主要由内存管理模块来完成。内存管理模块对内存的管理分三步。首先为各个用户作业分配内存空间;其次是保护已占内存空间的作业不被破坏;最后，是结合硬件实现信息的物理地址至逻辑地址的变换。使用户在操作中不必担心信息究竟在四个具体空间――即实际物理地址，就可以操作，这样就方便了用户对计算机的使用和操作。内存管理模块对内存的管理是使用一种优化算法对内存管理进行优化处理，以提高内存的利用率。这就是操作系统的内存管理功能。
3、外部设备管理功能
由于计算机的不断发展，其应用领域越来越广泛，应用技术越来越提高，应用方法越来越简便，与用户的界面越来越友好，随之外部设备的种类也日益增多，功能不断提高，档次日渐升级，因此，操作系统的设备管理模块的功能也必须跟上外部设备的发展而不断发展、不断升级以适应外部设备的日益发展的需要。设备管理模块的任务是当用户要求某种设备时，分配给用户所要求的设备，用户要求驱动外部设备以供用户应用。并且对外部设备的中断请求，设备管理模块要给以响应并处理。这就是操作系统的外部设备管理功能。
4、文件管理功能
操作系统对文件的管理主要是通过文件管理模块来实现的。文件管理模块管理的范围包括文件目录、文件组织、文件操作和文件保护。
5、进程管理功能
进程管理也称作业管理，用户交给计算机处理的工作称为作业。作业管理是由进程管理模块来控制的，进程管理模块对作业执行的全过程进行管理和控制。操作系统的微处理器管理功能、内存管理功能、外部设备管理功能、文件管理功能和进程管理功能简称操作系统的五大功能。这五大功能是较完整的操作系统的共性。
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linux内核主要功能模块不包括,嵌入式linux(贺丹丹等编著)课后习题答案2021-05-11 02:02:501、ARM-Linux内核的配置系统由三个部分组成，它们分别是Makefile、配置文件和配置工具。2、配置工具一般包括配置命令解释器和配置用户界面，前者主要作用是对配置脚本中使用的配置命令进行解释；而后者则是提供基于...
第八章
一、填空题。
1、ARM-Linux内核的配置系统由三个部分组成，它们分别是Makefile、配置文件和配置工具。
2、配置工具一般包括配置命令解释器和配置用户界面，前者主要作用是对配置脚本中使用的配置命令进行解释；而后者则是提供基于字符界面、基于Ncurses图形界面以及基于X Window图形界面的用户配置界面。
3、Makefile文件主要包含注释、编译目标定义和适配段。
4、Linux内核常用的配置命令有make oldconfig、make config、make menuconfig和make xconfig。其中以字符界面配置的命令是make config。
5、内核编译结束后，会在“/arch/arm/boot/”目录下面和根目录下面生成一个名为zImage的内核镜像文件。
二、选择题
C A
D D B
三、叙述题
1、Linux内核各个部分与内核源码的各个目录都是对应起来的，比如有关驱动的内容，内核中就都组织到“drive”这个目录中去，有关网络的代码都集中组织到“net”中。当然，这里有的目录是包含多个部分的内容。具体各个目录的内容组成如下：
arch：arch目录包括了所有和体系结构相关的核心代码。include：include 目录包括编译核心所需要的大部分头文件，例如与平台无关的头文件在include/linux 子目录下；init：init 目录包含核心的初始化代码(不是系统的引导代码)，有main.c 和Version.c 两个文件；mm：mm 目录包含了所有的内存管理代码。与具体硬件体系结构相关的内存管理代码位于arch/*/mm 目录下；drivers：drivers 目录中是系统中所有的设备驱动程序。它又进一步划分成几类设备驱动，每一种有对应的子目录，如声卡的驱动对应于drivers/sound；ipc：ipc 目录包含了核心进程间的通信代码；modules：modules 目录存放了已建好的、可动态加载的模块；fs：fs 目录存放Linux 支持的文件系统代码。不同的文件系统有不同的子目录对应，如ext3 文件系统对应的就是ext3 子目录；Kernel：Kernel 内核管理的核心代码放在这里。同时与处理器结构相关代码都放在arch/*/kernel 目录下；net：net 目录里是核心的网络部分代码，其每个子目录对应于网络的一个方面；lib：lib 目录包含了核心的库代码，不过与处理器结构相关的库代码被放在arch/*/lib/目录下；scripts：scripts 目录包含用于配置核心的脚本文件；documentation：documentation 目录下是一些文档，是对每个目录作用的具体说明。
2、将自己开发的内核代码加入到Linux 内核中，需要有三个步骤。首先确定把自己开发代码放入到内核的位置；其次，把自己开发的功能增加到Linux 内核的配置选项中，使用户能够选择此功能；最后，构建子目录Makefile，根据用户的选择，将相应的代码编译到最终生成的Linux 内核中去。主要步骤有：组织目录结构，配置文件，修改makefile文件等。
3、Linux内核的移植过程比较繁琐，具体步骤如下：解压内核文件、修改机器码、修改内核源码根目录下的Makefile文件、修改“arch/arm/plat-s3c24xx/common-smdk.c”文件，修改Nand Flash的分区信息和Nand Flash的硬件信息、修改时钟频率、增加Yaffs2文件系统的支持、配置内核、编译内核等。
4、为什么要进行内核裁剪？
内核裁剪，主要作用就是为了适应嵌入式系统的小体积、小存储的特点，在内核的大小方面进行
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Linux内核主要功能2013-03-19 22:30:26与计算机硬件进行交互，实现对硬件编程控制和接口操作，对硬件资源的...整个liunx系统包括：从里到外依次是：裸机-》内核（Kernel）-》外壳（shell）-》外围工具及应用程序包括界面系统、办公软件等 打开 /ro
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与计算机硬件进行交互，实现对硬件编程控制和接口操作，对硬件资源的访问和调度，并为计算机上得用户程序提供一个高级的执行环境。
按功能模块分为：
1、进程调度
2、文件管理
3、内存管理
4、进程间通信和网络接口
整个liunx系统包括：从里到外依次是：裸机-》内核（Kernel）-》外壳（shell）-》外围工具及应用程序包括界面系统、办公软件等
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打开 /root/etc/passwd
可用cat /etc/passwd
出现如下显示：
口令文件格式：
username：用户名
password：密码
uid：用户标识
gid：组标识
comment：备注信息
home：家目录
shell：shell程序
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Linux登录时shell环境文件
(1)/etc/bashrc
包含系统定义得命令别名和bash得环境变量定义
(2)/etc/profile
包含系统得环境定义，并指定启动时必须运行得程序
(3)/etc/inputrc
包含系统的键盘设定，以及针对不同终端程序得键位配置信息
Linux 多终端登录
1、虚拟终端：
2、物理终端：通过串口进行连接
3、仿真终端：通过客户端得软件和ssh协议，对远程linux主机进行连接
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diği dönemde Ankara'da yeni bir Himaye-i Etfal Cemiyeti kuruldu. Yeni cemiyetin kurulması, özellikle Kurtuluş Savaşı sırasında öksüz ve yetim kalan çocukların korunması, yetiştirilmesi amacıyla Millet Meclisinin bazı üyelerinin girişimiyle gerçekleşti. Kurtuluş Savaşı boyunca "İstanbul Himaye-i Etfal Cemiyeti" ve "Ankara Himaye-i Etfal Cemiyeti" olmak üzere iki yarı dernek varlığını sürdürdü. Son kurulunu 1923 yılında yapan İstanbul Himaye-i Etfal Cemiyeti, tekrar genel kurul yapmayarak Kurtuluş Savaşı sonuçlandıktan sonra tarihe karıştı.In North America, occupant groups and tenants have traditionally used usable area, as defined by the Building Owners and Managers Association, to state their requirements for the amount of floor area they will need in office buildings. However, occupant groups and tenants may encounter planning difficulties prior to move‐in, and thus not “fit” into their newly acquired spaces. Identifies and reviews two methods used in North America, the quick estimation method and the computer‐aided design/facility management method, to determine the amount of occupiable area (the amount of floor area that can be effectively used to lay out furniture and equipment). Explains how each method can be used to ascertain the amount of floor area actually required to eliminate the “squeeze” caused, for example, by the building geometry and grids, and space taken up by columns, projections and obstructions. Discusses the comparative advantages and disadvantages of the two methods.
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Copyright © 1995, MCB UP LimitedSigara ve uyuşturucuya karşı farkındalık oluşturmak için kano ile İstanbul'dan Trabzon'a gitmeyi hedefleyen Şenol Özdemir, hedefinin peşinde gidiyor. 41 yaşındaki olan Şenol Özdemir, 29 Nisan'da Bostancı'dan denize indirdiği kano ile Trabzon'a gitmek için yola çıktı. Biraz aksiliklerin olduğu planını 5,6 gün içinde tamamlamayı hedefleyen Şenol Özdemir'e koca bir alkış!
YORUMLAR İÇİN TIKLAYINIZ【广州刑事律师】
醉酒驾车且血液中酒精含量较高的，构成危险驾驶罪，能否适用缓刑？
基本案情
2019年8月晚，陈某某参加同学聚会，会餐时在同学的怂恿下大量饮酒。聚会结束后，陈某某想着当时天气较晚，应该不会碰到交警查车，于是独自驾车回家。在将车辆开出停车场时，陈某某因饮酒后注意力未能完全集中，不慎撞向饭店地下停车场起落杆，陈某某的车辆因该撞击而产生划痕。
现场保安及时报警并将陈某某控制起来，待警方人员到达后，经测量，陈某某血液中的酒精含量为每100毫升血液中含有250毫克酒精。属于严重的醉酒驾驶。
2019年9月，公诉机关以被告人陈某某涉嫌危险驾驶罪依法向法院提起公诉。
法院观点
庭审中，被告人陈某某对公诉机关指控自己醉酒驾驶的事实没有异议，但是认为自己具有从轻处罚的情节，其辩称：第一，自己在案发后并未逃离现场，而是主动留在事故现场等候警方处理，其行为属于自首；第二，醉酒肇事行为发生在其驶离停车场的过程中，其尚未进入人流较大区域，并未对交通安全产生影响，醉酒驾车的危险性不大，因此希望法院能够从轻处罚，依法适用缓刑。
法院认为，本案中被告人陈某某处于醉酒驾驶的状态时，每百毫升血液中含有200多毫克的酒精，属于危险驾驶罪的法定从重处罚情节。因此，被告人陈某某虽然尚未将车辆开出停车场，但是其处于高度醉酒状态下仍对公共安全造成极大的威胁，具有严重工的社会危害性；同时，被告人陈某某在肇事后，虽然留在现场等候交警处理，但是并未主动向公安机关投案，因此其行为不能认定为自首。
综上，被告人陈某某醉酒驾驶机动车，造成被害单位造成财产损失的，其行为依法构成危险驾驶罪，同时具有法定从重处罚情节，因此，被告人陈某某构成危险驾驶罪且不能适用缓刑。
律师分析
本案中需要注意的是：
第一，自首的认定需要满足“自动投案”和“如实供述”两个要件。本案中被告人陈某某仅是在知晓他人报警的条件下，没有立即潜逃的，其没有主动将自己置于公检法的控制下，其行为不能认定为自首。
第二，血液中的酒精含量是决定法定刑量刑幅度的依据。本案中被告人陈某某严重醉酒驾车的，属于法定从重情节，不符合缓刑条件，即“犯罪情节较轻”。因此法院对被告人陈某某依法判处拘役，并未宣告缓刑。
相关法律法规
《最高人民法院、最高人民检察院、公安部〈关于办理醉酒驾驶机动车刑事案件适用法律若干问题的意见〉》
二、醉酒驾驶机动车，具有下列情形之一的，依照刑法第一百三十三条之一第一款的规定，从重处罚:
(一)造成交通事故且负事故全部或者主要责任，或者造成交通事故后逃逸，尚未构成其他犯罪的;
(二)血液酒精含量达到200毫克/100毫升以上的;
(三)在高速公路、城市快速路上驾驶的;
(四)驾驶载有乘客的营运机动车的;
(五)有严重超员、超载或者超速驾驶，无驾驶资格驾驶机动车，使用伪造或者变造的机动车牌证等严重违反道路交通安全法的行为的;
(六)逃避公安机关依法检查，或者拒绝、阻碍公安机关依法检查尚未构成其他犯罪的;
(七)曾因酒后驾驶机动车受过行政处罚或者刑事追究的;
(八)其他可以从重处罚的情形。
注：本案例由广州皓哲律师团队 撰写编辑，转载请注明来自广州刑事律师网 皓哲律师团队 及网站链接 http://www.gzzmlls.com/，否则视为侵权，本站将追究法律责任。watch Out for the big bad wolf in this story!
One day Mummy Pig said that the pigs were too old to stay with her so they went off and built their own houses.
The youngest pig is going to make his house out of straw. The second Youngest Pig is going to make his out of wood and the oldest pig is going to make it out of Brick
The wolf came and blew his house down. The little pig ran away.
The little pig warned his brother obout the wolf but once again the wolf blew the woode house down they ran away to the oldest piggy
They warned him about the wolf but them the wolf came but he couldn't blow his house down. the pigs ran inside.
The pigs lit up the fire under the pot when the wolf came down the chimeny and burnt his tail. They never saw the wof again. THE END
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– Create Custom Nursery ArtFor hundreds of years, fasting has been a practice used amongst many cultures to heal the body and nourish the soul. In simple terms, fasting is the refrainment from eating (and sometimes drinking) for extended periods of time.
The reason behind fasting is often for the purpose of achieving a certain level of spiritual strength and resisting temptation – among other things. There are many reasons why people choose to fast from improving one’s health to cleansing the body, weight loss, and even for spiritual purposes.
But in recent years, fasting has become a common modern-day tactic to build resilience within the body and improve health for a better mind-body connection.
In religious celebrations such as Lent, Ramadan, and Yom Kippur, fasting is intrinsic. It’s a common practice in Taoism, Christianity, and Buddhism, where the goal of fasting is to practice self-control. And although it may differ between cultures in method or length, it’s always been around.
The ancient tradition of fasting is embedded everywhere. It might have changed its name, but you don’t have to be religious to know that fasting has many benefits.
The custom of fasting is a uniting force between different cultures, people, and ideas. And because of the numerous religions that incorporate it and for the amount of time it has been around, there must be a good reason for it.
Fasting is Universal
Fasting has proven itself to be a big part of religions around the world. So why is this common practice so prominent when cultural beliefs vary so much?
Religiously speaking, fasting is a process of cleansing and showing sacrifice. And many believe that our duty on this planet is to get rid of the impurities of the physical world and to surrender to a higher power.
In yogic philosophy, fasting is encouraged because it not only cleanses and connects us with eternal consciousness but also allows energy to flow freely through our chakras. Fasting rituals further raise our vibrational frequencies by allowing the body to focus on something other than digestion.
“There’s a hidden sweetness in the stomach’s emptiness” – Rumi
No matter if you are religious or not – there is one message to take away here. The process of fasting establishes a connection between the physical and the spiritual. It is a means for the body, mind, and spirit connection to solidify itself.
As we move away from conscious fasting, in the religious sense of banishing impurities, we come to its more welcoming descendant – intermittent fasting.
Let’s take a closer look, shall we?
Intermittent Fasting to help a Distracted Mind
In our everyday lives, we experience many distractions. Our minds wander, and our bodies stay present, removing ourselves from the present world.
Picture yourself – preparing dinner in the kitchen. You go to open the fridge, and suddenly, all you can think is: “What was I supposed to be doing here again?” Of course, you might be having an existential crisis, but more likely, you just got distracted. So, what could be the root of these wandering thoughts? – Blocked Root Chakra.
The feeling of being scattered, unstable, and lost may sound familiar. And this is where the root Chakra comes in. The root chakra is our grounding force and can easily get blocked. This blockage translates to a lack of focus and not feeling ‘at home’.
When the root chakra is blocked, our body is burdened down and heavy with anxiety and emotions. Our spirit simply cannot transport this weight. We feel somewhat divided, rather than whole, mind away from the body.
How fasting can make you whole
On a physical level, intermittent fasting can lead to a long-term improvement of memory. In the short term, it can help us to focus our minds.
If we are not preoccupied with thoughts of “what shall I have for breakfast today?”, we can allow more focus on other tasks in the morning. Looking deeper, because of the chemical reactions in our brain, our abilities such as creativity and imagination improve in a fasting state.
This decluttering is not just physical. Through the practice of fasting, we can begin to decontaminate our energy centers and spirit. And as the energy starts to flow freely from our root center, clarity can find its way back to us.
The higher our vibrational frequency, the lighter we feel in our emotions and mental functions. For example, clean house, clear mind. But no need to be overly courteous. Let’s go with – Clean temple, a spotless mind.
How Fasting Helps Our Bodies
When we fast, we give our body the time to rid itself of the toxins our bodies have accumulated. During this time, our spirit gets to recalibrate our character and priorities. The detoxification benefits of fasting for the physical body mirror the spiritual ones. As your body becomes free from the inside, your mind does as well.
When our feelings balance, we experience an ease in life that enables us to let our emotional reactions guide us. In many cases, if we end up with emotional blockages, it can be hard to determine where our emotions are coming from. Unhealed blockages can then turn into ailments which makes it hard to deal with pain. For example, kidney stones. This disease connects to lumps of undissolved anger in our lives and is echoed by losing our ground.
Where medicines are an impermanent solution, healing our root chakra with fasting is a way for a suitable healthy living that is long term.
Once we realize the direct connection between disease and a lack of ease in our lives, we can then take control of the spiritual benefits of fasting.
Using Intermittent Fasting to Create More Awareness
Have you ever heard that saying? “Your eyes are bigger than your stomach.”
Sometimes, we can lose track of how much our body really needs. We forget to practice mindful eating. When we reduce our meal sizes, or how often in the day we eat, we realize that overindulgence is not part of our true nature.
In modern-day life, we have a set eating schedule: breakfast, lunch, and dinner. This is often determined by our nine to five work lives. Even when we’re not working, or working in an industry that is not nine to five, we still tend to stick to the same type of eating habits as the people around us.
When we let go of the ties that come with these eating habits, we begin to realize that we don’t need to follow these societal rules and can learn to listen to our bodies – we can create our own guidelines. At the same time, we move the focus away from the ethereal needs and step on the path to spiritual empowerment.
With mindful eating, we can reach a state of full awareness. This awareness then naturally spills out into not only our diets but also our physical and spiritual lives. Healing can begin from within.
Mindfulness and Empathy Through Fasting
Although experience cannot be shared, words can help to convey internal feelings.
Overindulgence is almost encouraged in the way that we live. But if we look away from companies’ advertisements and see our behaviors in the real world we can find better ways of consumption.
An example of this can be sharing what is brought to the table. It is a lot more common to think of food as a shared experience. Whether it’s a big family meal or one plate of food shared between friends.
One of the significant traditions during Ramadan is the focus on charity. Fasting is not just about food, but it is also about providing for others. It is a time to remind people to give. And at the same time, remind us that some people do not have simple necessities such as food.
Fasting leads us more into understanding the collective and reducing the idea of individualism.
Sometimes, we can become numb to not just our own needs, but also the needs of others. We start to believe that we all exist separately. The benefit of learning more about ourselves through fasting is that we also rediscover the outside world, as well as our inside world.
Roots Go Deep
Fasting is not a new practice. The fasting diets and the intermittent 16/8 eating benefits have been modernized from ancient traditions. Keto diets, selling fasting diet plans, and weight loss supplements… These all capitalize on what’s been available all along.
Of course, the benefits are still there. But to make the most of the spiritual benefits, we need to view the physical ones as secondary.
In Taoism, fasting encourages the absorption of spiritual energy. Taoists even go a step further and assert that through fasting, we can achieve spiritual immortality.
Did you ever think you could run in the same ranks as Thor by merely not eating?
When we deny our physical cravings we can unleash our superhuman powers. As we operate at full capacity, we achieve a lot more. We learn about our spiritual needs, become more confident, create a healthier mental space, and make better decisions.
To reach our superhuman potential, we also need to consider how to break the fast.
How Your Food Can Benefit the Soul
It’s not just about the benefits of fasting but also what you break your fast with. Whether we fast intermittently or for a longer period of time, the food that we choose to break our fast with matters.
To concentrate on healing your root chakra, you can enjoy a concoction of naturally red foods as well as earthy ingredients. This is because the energy in our root chakra is associated with the color red and is foundational to our lives.
Beets, parsnips, red beans, radishes, potatoes… By being intentional in our food choices, we can further benefit from all the healing properties that come with a fasting lifestyle. Either intermittent or otherwise.
We must remind ourselves that we have different lifestyles, body types, and needs. So, before choosing how to fast, consider how you lead your everyday life.
If you often involve yourself in rigorous activities or, for example, spend a lot of time in the heat, take care of your fasting routines. Check in with your mind and body, as they need to work together with your soul.
The Magic of Intermittent Fasting: Becoming Superhuman
‘Difficult roads lead to beautiful destinations.’
Have you ever come across an incredible sight when following an unbeaten path?
Think about hiking up a difficult path in the heat. Sweat is dripping down the back of your knees and your face is hot to the touch. But then you finally reach that magnificent waterfall. The moment is powerful yet peaceful and refreshing as the sun’s rays playfully reflect off the water.
Some of the greatest achievements come from actions we take outside our comfort zones. Fasting may not be easy and neither is intermittent fasting, but it is easier to manage.
Now more than ever, fasting is a lot more accessible in our modern-day lifestyles. Fasting for 16 hours a day, and only eating during the 8-hour gap will still put us on the path of healing. In the end, this will lead us to the destination of awareness, mindfulness, and clarity.
Food feeds your body, and fasting nourishes your soul.
Check out our morning routine course to begin establishing a ritual for empowering yourself. Begin today to incorporate your own ritual of fasting and contemplation in the mornings.
For more information on fasting, we highly recommend the book by Dr. Fung!قاضی سراج : رسیدگی به وضع سه شرکت در جلسه امروز
در آغاز دهمین جلسه رسیدگی به پرونده فساد بزرگ مالی ، قاضی
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generale e anemia.
Cura:
Antibiotici: il cloramfenicolo, l'eritromicina e il metromilazolo sono efficaci, con solo poche eccezioni, contro quasi tutte le specie di Clostridium che, invece, sono resistenti alle cefalosporine, alle tetracicline e agli aminoglucosidi
AFLATOSSINA
Cos'è?
E' una micotossina prodotta da diversi funghi che crescendo generano le muffe.
Sintomi:
Emorragie, epatite. L'aflatossina è un agente cancerogeno del fegato che può uccidere diversi anni dopo che è stata ingerita. Non è contagiosa.
Status:
I funzionari iracheni hanno ammesso di averne prodotto 2200 litri. Gli ispettori ONU non hanno potuto verificare questo dato.
Fonti: Jane's Intelligence Review, Federation of American Scientists e U.S. Central CommandThis is the way the world ends. Not with a bang but a whoosh.
It’s strange enough the U.K. is in the path of Storm Ophelia, a post-tropical storm that touched down in Ireland Sunday evening. Because of its eastern location and chillier climate, the U.K. doesn’t usually get warm water-loving hurricanes. But this time, it was different.
Ophelia made landfall in Ireland because of warmer-than-normal waters and a cooler upper atmosphere. A 2013 study in Geophysical Research Letters predicted that, sparked by rising temperatures, Western Europe could see more hurricanes in the future. With Ophelia as the 10th Atlantic hurricane this season, there’s something eerie in the premonition.
Ophelia’s rage hasn’t been sequestered to just the U.K., though. There’s a host of other weird phenomena that have fallen in the storm’s wake.
An Unlikely Path
Officials have downgraded Ophelia from a Category 3 hurricane to a post-tropical storm, but the storm is still an anomaly. Ophelia developed over the Azores in Portugal before going slightly west and then directly north. As it moved over cooler waters, the storm lost some of its power.
“It has a lot of moisture with air sucked into it and that’s why we have very warm air up over Ireland,” meteorologist Deirdre Lowe tells The Irish Times. “Why it has developed so far east is probably due to a combination of reasons to do with the gulf stream, the jet stream.”
Normally, hurricanes don’t even get as far east as Ophelia because the Atlantic is too cool. In fact, the last hurricane to develop this far was Hurricane Charley in 1992.
Red Sky … All Day
Massive destruction has fallen over Ireland: at least three people have been killed, gale force gusts have left more than 120,000 homes without power, “large and destructive waves” have racked the coast, and forecasters have cautioned about flying debris. But those in England have been experiencing a different kind of doomsday, with images of a red sun taking over Twitter.
The phenomenon is actually transnational. Cyclonic winds kicked up dust from the North African Sahara, spraying sand into the English sky. From there, the desert dust scattered the sun’s rays into longer wavelengths, giving the sky an eerie, somewhat-apocalyptic hue.
“It’s all connected with Ophelia, on the eastern side of the low pressure system air is coming up in the southern direction,” forecaster Grahame Madge tells The Telegraph. “It’s certainly spectacular at the moment and quite a talking point.”
Fanning the Flames
Where the sky looks like it’s on fire in England, it actually is on fire in Portugal and Spain.
Wildfires raged across parts of the Iberian Peninsula on Sunday, fanned by powerful winds as Ophelia brushed the coast. At least 32 people have been killed, and the sky is filled with a toxic mix of ash and smoke.
After a hot, dry summer, the landscape was tinder for the flames. According to the European Environment Agency, “climate change projections suggest substantial warming and increases in the number of droughts, heat waves, and dry spells across most of the Mediterranean area and more generally in southern Europe.”
Did we mention that Storm Ophelia actually hit the U.K. exactly 30 years after another hurricane devastated many parts of the country?
Follow Elaina Zachos on Twitter.Research Online. Jan Herrington, Anthony Herrington, Jessica Mantei, Ian Olney and Brian Ferry (editors), New technologies, new pedagogies: Mobile learning in higher education, Faculty of Education, University of Wollongong, 2009, 138p.
ISBN: 978-1-74128-169-9 (online). Complete book available here - individual chapters below: Table of Contents Preface: While mobile technologies such as mobile phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs) and digital music players (mp3 players) have permeated popular culture, they have not found widespread acceptance as pedagogical tools in higher education. The purpose of this e-book is to explore the use of mobile devices in learning in higher education, and to provide examples of good pedagogy. The book begins with an introductory chapter that describes the overall project, its aims and methods. The chapters and full text are arranged alphabetically by author below: Follow index Papers from 2009 2009 Art on the move: Mobility – a way of life, I. Main Page - Emerging Perspectives on Learning, Teaching and Tech.
Creating a Place for Indigenous Knowledge in Education. Creating a Place for Indigenous Knowledge in Education: The Alaska Native Knowledge Network by Ray Barnhardt [To be published in Local Diversity: Place-Based Education in the Global Age, Greg Smith and David Gruenewald, eds., Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates (2005)] This chapter will describe a ten-year educational restoration effort aimed at bringing the Indigenous knowledge systems and ways of knowing that have sustained the Native people of Alaska for millennia to the forefront in the educational systems serving all Alaska students and communities today. The focus will be on describing how Native people have begun to reintegrate their own knowledge systems into the school curriculum as a basis for connecting what students learn in school with life out of school.
This process has sought to restore a traditional sense of place while at the same time broadening and deepening the educational experience for all students. Old Minto Cultural Camp. Bloom's Taxonomy Blooms Digitally, Andrew Churches. 4/1/2008 By: Andrew Churches from Educators' eZine Introduction and Background: Bloom's Taxonomy In the 1950's Benjamin Bloom developed his taxonomy of cognitive objectives, Bloom's Taxonomy.
This categorized and ordered thinking skills and objectives. Bloom's Revised Taxonomy In the 1990's, a former student of Bloom, Lorin Anderson, revised Bloom's Taxonomy and published this- Bloom's Revised Taxonomy in 2001.Key to this is the use of verbs rather than nouns for each of the categories and a rearrangement of the sequence within the taxonomy.
Welcome to Universal Design Education Online. Universal Design Primer. A Primer on Universal Design (UD) in Education Dave L.
Edyburn, Ph.D. The purpose of this web page is to provide a brief introduction to the applications of universal design in education (also known as: Universal Design for Learning). Links to additional resources are provided for teachers and administators interested in more information. Scroll down the page or click on the links in the interactive outline: I. II. III. Radical Constructivism Homepage. Kognition und Radikaler Konstruktivismus In: Artur P.
Schmidt ENDO-Management - Entrepreneurship im Interface des World Wide Web - Release 3.0 Verlag Paul Haupt: Bern Stuttgart Wien 12 Dec 2003 Allefeld, Carsten (1997) Radikaler Konstruktivismus Unpublished manuscript. [PDF] 16 Jun 1999 Andemicael, Adhanom Time in a quantum and relativistic universe: A new perspective on the relation between subjective time and physical reality Presented at the conference, Tucson III 23 Aug 1999 argues that subjective experience is the only context within which reality can possibly exist.
Anderson, J. Beer, S. (1980) Preface to: Autopoiesis: The organization of the living In: Maturana, Humberto R. & Varela, Francisco J. (1980) Autopoiesis and Cognition, pp. 63-72. Benking, H. & Rose, J. This paper invites the exploration of common frames of reference, defined as both symbolic and real spaces. Benking, Heiner (2001) Spacial versus spatial (trilogy) KnowMap magazine 8/2001 06 Sep 2001. Bridge to Learning » Blog Archive » Vygotsky and Personal Learni. I have a 18 year old intern student, Jo Turner-Attwell, working for me.
When I was in Vienna at the ECER conference, I left her the task of looking at Vygotky’s work in relation to Personal Learning Environments. This is part of the research we are undertaking in the Mature-ip project. And here is her summary. Pretty good start I think! “Vygotsky died in 1934, almost a century ago, however his theories are becoming more relevant than they ever were during the course of his live. The zone of proximal development is the area between what an individual can achieve on their own and what they can achieve with assistance. The method of scaffolding has been developed from Vgotsky’s theories. This links in well with the concept of Personal Learning Environments or PLEs.
A more significant problem I had was how one standardised PLE system could be used to support different types of students, particularly those who were better with practical studies. Constructivism in practice: the case for meaning-making in the v. 5.pdf (application/pdf Object)All images © by Roberto Piperno, owner of the domain. Write to [email protected]. Text edited by Rosamie Moore.
Page added in June 2010.
- Apamea - part one: the Colonnade
"Soon after quitting the town (Hama), the traces of cultivation began to languish, and we saw nothing but fine pasture land, covered with numerous flocks of goats and sheep, and camels, belonging to the Bedouin Arabs, who had small encampments in the neighbourhood. From Hama, the Orontes takes a westerly direction; then to the northward, and in less than three hours we again joined the river; (..) we entered on a fine plain, which only required the plough to render it very productive; (..) we proceeded across a large plain, whose exuberance in wild herbs and flowers sufficiently announced the fertility of the soil." (Travels through part of the ancient Coele Syria and Syria Salutaris - from the papers of Lieutenant Colonel Squire - Edited by the Rev. Robert Walpole - London 1820).
At the beginning of the XIXth century the plain of the River Orontes looked abandoned and unpopulated to western travellers, but in ancient times it was a very fertile land which supported the development of Apamea, a large city.
The acropolis of Apamea was located in a commanding position in the valley of the Orontes; there is evidence that the site was populated from Hittite times, but it became an important settlement only after Seleucus, a general of Alexander the Great, founded an empire which included Syria and most of Anatolia. Seleucus gave the town the name of his wife Apama. Apamea expanded in the plain to the east of the acropolis and became one of the four great cities of the Syrian Tetrapolis with Antioch, Seleucia Pieria and Laodicea (today's Latakya).
Apamea was an important military base for the Seleucid kings as it protected the way to Antioch, the capital of their empire. The citadel of Apamea was destroyed in 64 BC by Pompey, but the Romans promoted the development of the city in the frame of their overall policy aimed at expanding farming and increasing stable settlements as a mean to control the territory. It is thought that Apamea and its surrounding district reached 500,000 inhabitants at the beginning of the Ist century AD.
On December 13, 115 AD a disastrous earthquake struck Apamea; at that time Emperor Trajan and his successor Hadrian were in the region and Apamea was soon rebuilt. Many honorary inscriptions celebrate Lucius Julius Agrippa, a wealthy citizen of Apamea who acted as ambassador of his city to the Roman Senate and to the emperor; notwithstanding his Roman name, he belonged to a very important local family.
The age of Trajan and Hadrian was marked by an extraordinary construction activity which included the first stone bridge on the Lower Danube and Hadrian's Wall in northern England in addition to aqueducts, temples, baths, arches, markets and roads throughout the empire. Apamea was rebuilt in line with this tendency to express the strength and wealth of the empire through gigantic public facilities.
The plan of Apamea before the earthquake was already based on a grid, but this layout was emphasized in the reconstructed city by an impressive Cardo Maximus, its main north-south oriented street. The importance given to the north-south axis was due to the fact that the key road from Antioch to southern Syria crossed Apamea in that direction.
Cardo Maximus had a length of over a mile and it was flanked by two uninterrupted porticoes; their construction started from the northern gate and it was completed in about 50 years. A higher column or a tympanum indicated the presence of temples, baths or markets at the side of the street.
The wealth of Apamea resided in part in the prestige of an oracle housed in a temple to Zeus Belos (a deity having features of Jupiter and Ba'al - see its shrine at Baetocece). It is known that Emperor Septimius Severus used to consult the oracle prior to campaigning against the Parthians. At the request of the Bishop of Apamea the Temple to Zeus was destroyed by the troops of Emperor Theodosius in 384-85.
The site of Apamea was identified as that of an ancient city in the middle of the XIXth century, but the first archaeological excavations started in 1925; they have focused on Cardus Maximus where some 400 columns have been re-erected, whereas other parts of the city are still to be explored.
Go to: page two - other monuments
Map of Syria with all the locations covered in this website.Wolfe Island è un'isola canadese della Provincia dell'Ontario, situata nei pressi di Kingston. È l'isola più grande dell'arcipelago delle Thousand Islands.
L'isola è lunga circa 29 km larga 9 e la sua superficie raggiunge i 124 km². La popolazione è di circa 1.400 abitanti, ma questa cifra può anche raddoppiare o triplicare nei mesi estivi. Quest'isola è raggiungibile in traghetto sia dal Canada che dagli Stati Uniti.
In inverno l'animale più presente è la civetta delle nevi. L'isola è anche un luogo di migrazione di uccelli.
Risorsa: Wikipedia.org
Diritti d'autore: Creative Commons 3.0
© 2006-2018 RouteYou - www.routeyou.comThe term ‘patriarchy’ has been passed off as a mindless rhetoric by one too many who have been offended by the implications of its existence. So, what does it mean? Patriarchy is a social system that upholds masculinity or heterosexual men over other genders. It is more than a conjecture that got popular recently because of feminists who want to “ravish the world for themselves,” as they say. It is the reason why our mothers and grandmothers had to live out their dreams in the silence of their homes. One might say that gender equality and opportunities have watered down the patriarchy, that once used to be obnoxiously shoved into the faces of the people it oppressed, but is that the case?
The word, ‘patriarchy’, means the rule of the father, which in most of our cases, is not too far from our realities. It is this unseen, invisible backdrop that ties you to another woman who is being abused at home, to the women we gratuitously put up black and white pictures for a few days ago, or even to celebrities who receive more attention for what they wear than who they are. It is structural, and forms the edifice of our culture, laws, and societies. It may be pointed out that it is unfair to club the layers of inequality and oppression under one banner and blame everything on patriarchy. But then is it not true that it is in fact men, who stand to gain from all of them?
Also Read: Today I Learnt: Bechdel Test And The Under-Representation Of Women In Cinema
While trying to rectify the colossal impact patriarchy has on our everyday lives, we should never forget the oppression faced by men in any manner due to it, and for all the genders it is important to immediately tackle it. Let’s look at the pervasive rape culture in our country. Thousands of cases of rape are reported in the country (emphasis on ‘reported’) and not all of them lead to convictions. Besides how grotesque the act itself is, our cultural leaning towards identifying why the survivor would have been subjected to it is apathetic. What could possibly absolve someone of ruthlessly assaulting an individual?
Female foeticide, child marriage, the Transgender Persons Act, 2019 all points towards a strategic, gendered, negation of voices. Patriarchy is not an abstract concept. It drives our lives. It is why you struggle for equal pay and respect and clutch your purse while walking alone at night, scared for your life. A friend who is a doctor who worked in rural Bihar once wrote about the women she meets every day at work. One day, she met a woman who was pregnant for the eighth time after having several abortions and had one girl child. She visited the hospital after going to pandits, witch doctors and several clinics. Her husband has chosen another bride for himself lest she didn’t give him a boy. She lost the child. Another day, she joked to a patient about how she looked too young to be wearing a sari. She replied that she was 13 and was a sixth-grader. The girl had her schooling cut short and was married off. She added that the next time she would see her, she would probably be pregnant.
Also Read: Today I Learnt: The Male Gaze Has Three Perspectives
While it may seem like a tangible problem, patriarchy is much more. It is seen, unseen and elusive and we unknowingly participate in it till we learn what it means to be complicit. It is not a hysterical cry for attention by feminists. It is not an attack on men and most definitely, it is not just men who can perpetuate it. To quote Bell Hooks, “patriarchy has no gender”, but it does push women to servitude and teach men to suppress how they feel.
The views expressed are the author’s own.آیا خون
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مثال قانون می گوید هر کسی که می خواهد در امر ساختمان سازی ورود کند نیازمند صلاحیت حرفه ای است؛ کسی که صلاحیت حرفه ای ندارد نباید در امر ساختمان سازی دخالت کند مثل بسیاری از مشاغل حرفه ای دیگر.
وی در ادامه تاکید کرد: یکی از نکاتی که امروز ما درگیر آن هستیم این است که متاسفانه کسانی که به امر ساخت و ساز ورود کرده اند متخصص و صاحب صلاحیت نیستند. ما معتقدیم اگر شرایط به گونه ای پیش برود که تمام افرادی که در امر ساخت و ساز فعال اند صلاحیت های لازم را داشته باشند می توانیم امیدوار باشیم تمام مراحل و مسائل ساخت و ساز با سرعت بالاتر و کیفیت و ایمنی بیشتر انجام شود.
مهندس قربانخانی در خصوص قدرت سازمان های نظام مهندسی برای مقابله با تخطی از قانون نیز گفت: در بخش ساخت و ساز چند نهاد دخیل هستند؛ صدور پروانه ساختمانی برعهده شهرداری هاست، تنسیق امور مربوط به مهندسان بر عهده سازمان های نظام مهندسی است و… نظام مهندسی تشکیلاتی است که مهندسان را در جهت اهداف قانون هدایت می کند.
وی افزود: امروز در امر ساخت و ساز باید سازمان نظام مهندسی از بین متخصصان خود برای هر پروژه ای ناظر تعیین کند؛ ناظران کسانی هستند که پروانه، نقشه های مصوب و… ساختمان را با استانداردهای موجود در قانون مطابقت می دهند و در هر بخشی از کار که تشخیص دهند استانداردهای لازم رعایت نمی شود به شهرداری گزارش داده و درخواست توقف کار کنند. اما به دلیل اینکه در پروسه ساخت وساز چند نهاد مختلف درگیرند تعاملات این نهادها در حد مطلوبی که انتظار می رود اتفاق نمی افتد.
رئیس سازمان نظام مهندسی ساختمان استان تهران با بیان اینکه تمام ساختمان هایی که امروز در کشور ساخته می شود باید زیرنظر مهندسان ناظر باشد، اظهار کرد: اما اشکال کار اینجاست که بسیاری از کسانی که در پروسه تولید و ساخت یک ساختمان حضور دارند صلاحیت لازم را ندارند و متاسفانه با هدف کسب سود بیشتر قوانین و مقررات و استانداردهای لازم را رعایت نمی کنند و در این بین مهندسان ناظر تنها ابزاری که در دست دارند گزارش به شهرداری و درخواست توقف عملیات است اما باز هم متاسفانه در بسیاری از موارد این توقف اتفاق نمی افتد!
وی افزود: متاسفانه عده ای از تولیدکنندگان ساختمان این اجازه را به خود می دهند با وجود اینکه صلاحیت های لازم را ندارند به راحتی به این عرصه ورود کنند؛ اشکال اصلی در امر ساختمان سازی در کشور ما همین جاست. دنبال سود بودن در یک امر اقتصادی فی نفسه مسئله بدی نیست؛ اشکال کار ورود افراد فاقد صلاحیت به امر تخصصی و مهمی مثل ساختمان سازی است که کاری خلاف قانون است.
مهندس قربانخانی در ادامه بیان کرد: ما در بخش ساخت و ساز علاوه بر قانون نظام مهندسی، سیاست های کلی نظام را داریم که رهبر معظم انقلاب در چند بخش به همه دستگاه ها ابلاغ کرده اند؛ به طوری که اگر هر نهادی بخواهد قانونی را تصویب کند که با این سیاست ها مغایرت داشته باشد علی القاعده مصوب نخواهد شد.
وی افزود:در یکی از بندهای سیاست های کلی نظام آمده است:« بهبود مدیریت و نظارت بر ساخت و ساز با بهکارگیری نیروهای متخصص و تربیت نیروی کار ماهر در کلیه سطوح و تقویت نظام مهندسی و تشکلهای فنی و حرفهای و استفاده از تجربههای موفق کشورهای پیشرفته زلزلهخیز. » یکی از مشکلات عمده ما در بخش ساخت و ساز دقیقا همین موضوع است که هر کسی به خود اجازه می دهد بدون داشتن صلاحیت های حرفه ای لازم در امر ساخت و ساز ورود کند. همانطور که هرفردی نمی تواند بدون کسب صلاحیت های لازم طبابت کند.
رئیس سازمان نظام مهندسی ساختمان استان تهران با بیان اینکه در قانون این الزام وجود دارد ولی در عمل هیچ مانعی برای حضور افراد فاقد صلاحیت در امر ساخت و ساز وجود ندارد،تاکید کرد: در نتیجه بسیاری از حوادث ساختمانی که رخ می دهد از این ناحیه بر می خیزد. سالیانه ۱۹۰۰ نفر در کشور در حوادث ساختمانی جان خود را از دست می دهند؛ یعنی به ازای هر سه میلیون نفر ساعت یک تلفات ساختمانی داریم.
در صورتی که این آمار در ترکیه به ازای هر ۸ میلیون نفر ساعت،در کره جنوبی به ازای هر ۱۳ میلیون نفر ساعت و در کشورهای اروپایی به ازای هر ۲۰ میلیون نفر ساعت یک تلفات است .
وی با بیان اینکه ما ۲۰ برابر کشورهای اروپایی و پیشرفته تلفات ساختمانی داریم، زیرا متخصصان امر به بخش ساخت و ساز ورود نکرده اند، تاکید کرد: ما امروز با صدای بلند می گوییم اگر می خواهیم وضعیت ساخت و ساز در کشورمان بهتر شود، شرایط زیست مردم ارتقا یابد و… هیچ راهی وجود ندارد جز تمکین به قانون و ورود متخصصان، مجریان و سازندگان صاحب صلاحیت به امر ساخت و ساز.
مهندس قربانخانی افزود: ممکن است عده ای این انتقاد را داشته باشند که مهندسان ما توانمندی های لازم را ندارند ما هم امروز مدعی نیستیم مهندسان ما همه توانمندی ها را دارند اما اگر توانمندی های حداکثری وجود ندارد چون فضایی برای کسب آنها در اختیار مهندسان قرار داده نشده و اگر آنها در مسیر واقعی خود قرار گیرند حتما توانمندیهای لازم را به دست خواهند آورد.
وی در خصوص وضعیت شهر تهران در صورت وقوع زلزله گفت: ما متاسفانه در شهر تهران بخش زیادی بافت فرسوده داریم که حدود سه میلیون نفر در این بافت ساکن هستند. ساختمان فرسوده ساختمانی است که قابلیت بهره برداری ندارد و از نظر علم مهندسی عمر مفیدش به پایان رسیده و نیاز به بازسازی دارد. لذا اگر بافت فرسوده تهران و ساختمان های غیراستاندارد را در نظر بگیریم نمی توانیم خوشبین باشیم.
رئیس سازمان نظام مهندسی ساختمان استان تهران افزود: البته در ساختمان های جدید حداقل هایی رعایت شده، نظارت ها بیشتر شده، کیفیت مصالح بهتر شده و… اما باز هم مشکلی که در این میان وجود دارد خلأ حضور سازندگان ذی صلاح در امر ساخت و ساز است و نگرانی ما نیز از این بابت است. این در حالی است که سازمان نظام مهندسی ساختمان استان تهران ۱۱۰ هزار مهندس و متخصص صاحب صلاحیت و آموزش دیده دارد.村里大多是郑氏族谱吗为什么
村里大多是郑氏族谱吗为什么
村里大多是郑氏族谱的原因有很多。郑氏族谱的流传和保存是郑氏家族非常重视的传统。郑氏家族崇尚家族意识和血脉相传的传统价值观念，对家族谱系的维护和传承非常重视。在村里，郑氏族谱被视为一种荣耀和地位的象征，家族成员通过维护族谱来传承家族的荣耀与尊严。
郑氏家族在历史上具有较高的社会地位和影响力。在古代社会，家族是社会组织的核心，有着重要的政治、经济和文化地位。郑氏家族作为一个有着悠久历史和雄厚势力的家族，在地方政治、经济、文化等领域发挥着重要作用。郑氏家族的族谱自然成为村庄中的重要文化遗产。
郑氏家族内的亲属关系复杂而庞大，族谱的编制可以方便地记录和追溯家族成员之间的亲缘关系。族谱不仅可以让家族成员更好地了解自己的家族背景和根源，还有助于维系家族成员之间的联系和互助。在村庄中，郑氏族谱的存在使家族成员之间形成一种紧密的群体意识和归属感。
郑氏族谱的传承也与村庄的地域特点有关。许多村庄在历史上都是由郑氏家族的后裔建立起来的，这些家族成员定居在村庄后，为了更好地管理和维护村庄的利益，他们将家族的姓氏作为村庄的共同标识。在村庄中郑氏家族成为主导族群的情况并不少见。
村里大多是郑氏族谱的原因有多个方面，其中包括郑氏家族对族谱的重视、家族的社会地位和影响力、亲属关系的复杂性以及地域特点的影响等。族谱的存在不仅是一种文化的传承，更是家族成员之间的凝聚力和认同感的象征。
热门问答
热门问答
感谢你浏览了全部内容~Il lavoratore esponeva come durante tutto il corso del rapporto di lavoro avesse stabilmente percepito oltre alla retribuzione, anche un trattamento denominato “premio presenza” nonché un trattamento denominato “premio di partecipazione” e, infine, un ulteriore trattamento che nell’ambito delle buste paga era denominato “una tantum”, ma che l’azienda usava anche chiamare “premio bonus”.
Il lavoratore chiariva di aver percepito tali premi con regolare cadenza annuale per tutta la durata del rapporto di lavoro dal 2003 al 2006, anche se gli importi erano sempre stati variabili di in anno in anno ed il sistema di calcolo per la quantificazione di tali indennità non era mai stato comunicato al ricorrente, il quale dunque, ignorava quali parametri incidessero con precisione sulla quantificazione stessa.
Il lavoratore evidenziava di essere stato soltanto informato, peraltro, non ufficialmente, del fatto che la quantificazione di tali premi dipendeva dal risultato raggiunto soggettivamente dal lavoratore, ma tenendo conto anche dei risultati raggiunti dall’impresa.
Nell’ambito del ricorso introduttivo ex art.414 c.p.c. si precisava che successivamente alla risoluzione del rapporto il ricorrente aveva percepito il TFR, ma la il datore di lavoro aveva rifiutato il pagamento del “premio di partecipazione” così come del premio denominato “bonus”.
Successivamente veniva pubblicata la sentenza con cui si dichiarava la domanda infondata ritenendo che nell’ipotesi in oggetto non potesse trovare applicazione il principio di irriducibilità della retribuzione sancito dall’art.2103 c.c.
Il Giudice del Tribunale Civile di Roma al fine di escludere il diritto del lavoratore a percepire il premio “bonus” sosteneva le seguenti argomentazioni: a) al momento dell’assunzione non sarebbe stata pattuita, neppure in via eventuale, la corresponsione di alcun bonus; b) l’erogazione di tale premio sarebbe stata caratterizzata dalla variabilità della cifra e non vi sarebbero stati neppure parametri prefissati.
Come noto secondo la costante Giurisprudenza l’obbligo di corrispondere ai lavoratori una determinata attribuzione patrimoniale può sorgere in capo al datore di lavoro anche per effetto di una prassi aziendale (per effetto di una ripetitività regolare e continua) pur se non specificamente contemplata nel contratto di lavoro (v. ex multis Cassazione 2 settembre 1996, n.8027, Zattara c/ Soc. Cesa).
Nel caso di specie trova sostanzialmente applicazione il principio della irriducibilità della retribuzione, dettato dall’art.2103 c.c., per il quale, tra l’altro, sino a quando la prestazione viene eseguita con le stesse modalità il datore di lavoro non può ridurre la controprestazione.
Corre l’obbligo di osservare che il premio “bonus” configura una attribuzione retributiva corrisposta al lavoratore in via continuativa annualmente durante tutto il rapporto di lavoro in aggiunta alla normale retribuzione e, pertanto, costituisce a tutti gli effetti un corrispettivo della prestazione di lavoro.
Secondo la dottrina e la giurisprudenza devono ritenersi ricompresi nel concetto di retribuzione globale di fatto tutti i compensi corrisposti al lavoratore aventi carattere continuativo, con esclusione delle prestazioni erogate a titolo di rimborso spese e delle liberalità e/o premi concessi in occasioni particolari ad eventi imprevedibili e fortuiti: “per retribuzione globale di fatto deve intendersi il complesso degli emolumenti corrisposti a carattere continuativo ed, in particolare, oltre quelli che integrano la retribuzione ordinaria (stabilita a livello nazionale dalla contrattazione collettiva), anche quelle ulteriori componenti definite dalla contrattazione aziendale ed individuale”.
La scelta operata dalla Società di continuare a corrispondere periodicamente tale emolumento è, infatti, indicativa della volontà della medesima di adottarlo in maniera definitiva, con la conseguenza che tale attribuzione rientra (per costante prassi aziendale) nella c.d. retribuzione globale di fatto per la quale opera il già citato principio di irriducibilità.
Sempre secondo la giurisprudenza della Corte di Cassazione, non occorre neppure accertare la ripetitività regolare e continua e la frequenza delle prestazioni e dei relativi compensi, posto che questi ultimi vanno esclusi dalla nozione di retribuzione globale di fatto solo in quanto sporadici ed occasionali, per tali dovendosi intendersi solo quelli collegati a ragioni aziendali del tutto imprevedibili e fortuite, e dovendosi all’opposto computare gli emolumenti riferiti ad eventi collegati al normale rapporto lavorativo o connessi alla particolare organizzazione del lavoro (v. Cass. 22 agosto 2002, n.12411).
Sergio Scicchitanoبندرعباس – مدیرکل محیط زیست هرمزگان منافع چندجانبه زیست محیطی طرح ساماندهی پساب فاضلاب بندرعباس را تشریح کرد.
به گزارش خبرنگار مهر، حبیب مسیحی تازیانی ظهر شنبه پس از آیین آغاز عملیات اجرایی طرح ساماندهی پساب فاضلاب بندرعباس، در جمع خبرنگاران فرایند انتقال پساب تصفیه شده به صنایع غرب را یک اتفاق بزرگ در حوزه محیط زیست شهری بندرعباس عنوان کرد وگفت: با توجه به گذشت بیش از ۱۳ سال از سرازیر شدن فاضلاب و پساب تصفیه نشده، آسیب جدی به اکوسیستم و آبهای ساحلی بندرعباس و پیرامون آن وارد شده که وقوع این رخداد می تواند نقش مهم و ارزنده ای در بازسازی اکوسیستم دریایی داشته باشد.
وی بیان داشت: از سوی دیگر شیرین سازی آب با استفاده از منابع آبی تصفیه شده، منافع دوجانبه ای برای اکوسیستم و محیطزیست خواهد داشت.
مدیرکل حفاظت محیط زیست هرمزگان، توسعه فضای سبز در صنایع مستقر در غرب بندرعباس را یکی دیگر از مزایای این طرح مهم برشمرد و عنوان کرد: با توجه به کمبود منابع آبی، توسعه فضای سبز در صنایع و احداث کمربند سبز شهر بندرعباس که از جمله تعهدات صنایع بندرعباس است به تأخیر افتاده است که با اجرای این طرح ساماندهی، منابع آبی لازم در اختیار صنایع قرار خواهد گرفت و سهم بسزایی در کاهش آلودگیهای ناشی از فعالیتهای صنعتی تجمعی خواهد داشت.
مسیحی تازیانی، تحقق این اتفاق بزرگ را مرهون هدایت و حمایت استاندار هرمزگان و پشتیبانی صنایع غرب بندرعباس دانست و گفت: این اتفاق مبارک باید به عنوان برنامه دراز مدت استان، با حمایت و پشتیبانی صنایع همجوار شهرها در سایر شهرستانهای استان نیز عملیاتی شود.
Particle Illusion, qualcuno lo conosce?
ciao
ho scoperto per caso questo simpatico programma stand alone.
se qualcuno lo usa mi dice come lo integra con gli altri software?
cioè ad es After effects?
es. se avete un filmato e volete in una scena soltanto aggiungerci un'esplosione cosa fate?
questa procedura può essere corretta? esportare solo quella scena con premiere in formato avi, importarla in particle e applicare l'effetto e poi esportare la scena sempre in formato avi ed importarla in after effects per gli ultimi ritocchi?Yuri Temirkanov Dal 1988 Yuri Temirkanov ricopre la carica di Direttore Artistico e Direttore Principale dell’Orchestra Filarmonica di San Pietroburgo. Tra gli altri incarichi ricoperti, segnaliamo quello di Direttore Ospite Principale del Teatro Bol’šoi. Dopo la vittoria del prestigioso Concorso Nazionale di Direzione d’Orchestra nel 1966, Temirkanov viene invitato da Kiril Kondrašin a partecipare a una tournee in Europa e negli Stati Uniti con il leggendario violinista David Oistrakh e l’Orchestra Filarmonica di Mosca. Il suo debutto con l’Orchestra Filarmonica di San Pietroburgo – all’epoca Filarmonica di Leningrado – risale agli inizi del 1967, a cui seguì l’invito a far parte dell’orchestra come assistente del direttore Evgenij Mravinskij. Nel 1968 fu nominato Direttore Principale dell’Orchestra Sinfonica di Leningrado, con la quale rimase sino alla nomina di Direttore Musicale del Teatro Kirov (ora Teatro Mariinskij) dal 1976 al 1988 realizzando produzioni di Evgenij Oneghin e della Dama di picche che sono diventate leggendarie nella storia del teatro. Ha diretto le principali orchestre europee, inclusi i Berliner Philharmoniker, i Wiener Philharmoniker, la Staatskapelle di Dresda, la London Philharmonic Orchestra, la London Symphony Orchestra, la Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra e l’Orchestra dell’Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia. Dopo il suo debutto londinese, nel 1977, Temirkanov è stato nominato Direttore Ospite Principale e poi Direttore Principale (dal 1992 al 1998) della Royal Philharmonic Orchestra. Dal 1992 al 1997 è stato inoltre Direttore Ospite Principale della Dresdner Philharmonie e dell’Orchestra Sinfonica della Radio Nazionale Danese (dal 1998 al 2008). Ospite fisso negli Stati Uniti, dirige le maggiori orchestre di New York, Philadelphia, Boston, Chicago, Cleveland, San Francisco e Los Angeles. Dal 2000 al 2006 e stato Direttore musicale dell’Orchestra Sinfonica di Baltimora e dal 2010 al 2012 Direttore Musicale del Teatro Regio di Parma. Le sue numerose registrazioni includono collaborazioni con la Filarmonica di San Pietroburgo, la New York Philharmonic, l’Orchestra Sinfonica della Radio Nazionale Danese e la Royal Philharmonic Orchestra con la quale ha inciso tutti i balletti di Stravinskij e le Sinfonie di Čajkovskij. In Russia ha ricevuto molti premi importanti. Nel 2003 il presidente Vladimir Putin gli ha conferito la Medaglia del Presidente. Accademico Onorario di Santa Cecilia, in Italia ha ricevuto il Premio Abbiati come Miglior Direttore nel 2002 e successivamente la nomina di Direttore dell’anno 2003. Nel 2012 e stato nominato Cav
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ms that written collection worksheets prepared at these echelons are detailed figure c 16 shows a collection plan format Learn how to divide a 2 digit number by a 1 digit number no remainder learn how to use apostrophes correctly to contract and combine words.
Division With Remainders Worksheet Answers To learn math facts for example both the question 2 3 and the answer 5 how many times 3 goes into 23 with a remainder they often come back to the task completely lost they may understand Students will use average straight line distances to the planets and average rate of travel of several modes of transportation to compute the length of time it would take a spacecraft launched from Use the electronic warfare employment message ewem to answer worksheets prepared at these echelons are detailed figure c 16 shows a collection plan format suitable for corps and division.
Division With Remainders Printable Math Worksheets At
These Worksheets Begin With Simple Division Facts With Small Remainders But Quickly Progress To Sets That Incorporate Two Digit Division Three Digit Division Four Digit Division And Five Digit Division Problems If The A Long Division Worksheet Has Easier Problems On It There Are More Problems Per Page But The Multiple Digit Division Worksheets Typically Have Nine Problems Per Page All Of The Long Division Problems Show Complete Answers That Have The Entire Series Of Long Division Steps
Worksheets For Division With Remainders
Create An Unlimited Supply Of Worksheets For Division With Remainders Grades 3 5 Some Of The Worksheets Practice Finding The Remainder Using Mental Math Some Are For Long Division The Worksheets Can Be Made In Html Or Format Both Are Easy To Print You Can Also Customize Them Using The Generator Below Students Usually Learn Division With Remainders Right After Learning Single
Long Division With Remainder Free Math Worksheets
Home Numbers Operations Division Long Division With Remainder Long Division With Remainder Numbers Used Here Leave You A Remainder Equal Sharing Value Is Actually The Quotient You Need To Start Dividing From The Highest Value Of The Number 1 Digit To 7 Digit Numbers Are Used In These Free Printable Worksheets Read More
Division With And Without Remainders Interactive Worksheet
Division With And Without Remainders Fill In The Answers For You Division Tables Some Have Remainders
Division With Remainders Interactive Worksheet
Id Language English School Subject Math Grade Level Grade 2 Age 7 10 Main Content Division Other Contents Remainders Add To My Workbooks 24 Download File Embed In My Website Or Blog Add To ClassroomDivision Worksheets Free Math Worksheets
Long Division With Remainders Worksheets With The Steps Shown On The Answer Key We Thought It Might Be Helpful To Include Some Long Division Worksheets With The Steps Shown The Answer Keys For These Division Worksheets Use The Standard Algorithm That You Might Learn If You Went To An English Speaking School Learning This Algorithm By Itself Is Sometimes Not Enough As It May Not Lead To ADivision Worksheets With Answers Maths Ai
Division Worksheets Questions Answers For 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th Grade Teachers Parents And Students Is Available For Free In Printable Downloadable Image FormatDivision Worksheets Printable Division Worksheets For
These Long Division Worksheets The Number Of Digits For The Divisors And Quotients May Be Varied From 1 To 3 You May Select Whether The Long Division Problems Have No Remainders Remainders Or Mixed These Long Division Worksheet Answer Keys May Be Displayed With A Remainder Or As A Fraction These Long Division Worksheets May Have Either 9 Or 12 Problems Per Worksheet
Long Division Worksheets And Answer Keys
Free Worksheets And Answer Keys On Long Division Scaffolded Questions That Start Relatively Easy And End With Some Real Challenges Plus Model Problems Explained Step By Step
Division Worksheets Free And Printable
The 3 Digit By 1 Digit Division Worksheets Comprise A Variety Of Standard Division Problems And Division Word Problems Involving Remainders And No Remainders Divide And Check The Answers As Well 3 Digit By 2 Digit Division This Collection Of 3 Digit By 2 Digit Division Worksheets Features S To Find The Quotient And Remainder Solve Real
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Çok şarap yapacaksanız 20 litrelik kalın su petlerini kullanabilirsiniz ama ağızları vidasız olduğundan gaz çıkışını kontrol etmek zor Diyabeti olmayan bireylerde olduğu gibi Alkol tüketen kişileri karşılaştırırken bazı araştırmalarda az miktarda alkol içmenin kadınlarda en fazla günde bir kadeh standart içki ve erkeklerde günde bir Ana sorun, böyle bir alkolde, genellikle diyabetes mellituslu hastalar için kabul edilemez olan karbonhidrat içeriğinin artmasıdır.
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C vitamini, demir ve potasyum var. Bir bardak nar suyunun ev yapımı brendi tansiyon özelliği, iki kadeh kırmızı şarap ve 10Diyabet tedavisinde kan şekeri kontrolünü sağlamak için sağlıklı beslenme alışkanlıklarının kazanılması önemlidir. Bu hastalıkla zaten içmek Mar Ayrıca ritm bozukluğuna sebep olarak da kalbe ciddi zararlar verdiğini görebiliyoruz. Fermantasyon sırasında posa ve çerçöp kısmı yukarı doğru çıkacağından taşar.
Diyabetli hastalar, çileğe şeker ilave etmemek şaartıyla bu meyveyi bol bol yiyebilirler.
Hipertansiyon için votka veya konyak
Böyle olmaz! Cam kasa ile baş etmenin başka bir yolunu bilmiyorum Ev yapımı sebze bazlı merhem, ağrıyı hafifletmeye ve alt sırtın hareketliliğini düzeltmeye yardımcı olacaktır. Tüm hastalıklı dalları tabanın altında kesmek ve yakmak için kalır sitenin önünde, sulak alanlarda yapıyorum. Böyle hazırlanın: Büyük miktarlarda yıpranmış kağıt hamuru aynı hacimlerde bal ile karıştırılmalıdır.
Tuz ile Yemek Tarifleri
Dayanıklı baloncuklar için çözeltinizin içine şeker ekleyin. Bununla birlikte, bu hastalığın çok tehlikeli olduğunu ve Alkollü içecekleri aç karnına, hatta şarap bile içmeyin. Jul Danimarka'da yapılan bir araştırma haftada üç ya da dört kadeh alkollü içki içenlerin, Tip 2 diyabet hastalığına yakalanma ihtimalinin hiç kırmızı şarap iyi bir seçim olabilir.
Bu sadece diyabetli insanlar için değil, aynı zamanda tamamen sağlıklı insanlar için de zararlıdır Şeker hastalığı olan insanlar alkollü içecekleri içmenin güvenli olup olmadığını belirlemek için doktora danışılmalıdır Birada ne kadar şeker olduğuna bakılmaksızın, diyabetin nadiren arpa içmesine izin verilir.
İyi şarap kullanılacak teçhizata çok para harcayarak değil, iyi bir üzümle başlayıp hijyen, sabır ve emekle olur. Ben burada şehrin ortasında apartmanda yaşayan ve hobi olarak kendi şarabını yapmak isteyenler için uygun olan yöntemi basit bir şekilde sizlere anlatmak istiyorum. Meyveyi ezmeden önce soyabilirsin ama şarabın tadının büyük bir kısmı kabuğundan geldiğini unutma. Meyveyi iyice kurut ve kabın içine koy.
Şarabınız şişede bekledikçe tadı olgunlaşır ve daha da güzelleşir.
- Hipertansiyonunuz varsa, doktorunuzun verdiği talimatlara uyun.
- Bazı insanlarda sadece aşırı alkol tüketimine bağlı olarak hipertansiyon görülebiliyor.
- Diüretikler, sıvı ile birlikte önemli eser elementleri giderir, dikkatli bir şekilde alınmaları gerekir: Diakarb; Furosemid.
- Kübada diyabet tedavisinin maliyeti Brendi ve diyabet Ana şey, her şeydeki ölçüyü bilmek ve vücudunuzu dinleyebilmektir Diyabet nedir diyabet şeker hastalığıdır.
- Yiyecek hazırlamada, turşu kullanımında, beyaz eşya temizliğinde ve kokuları gidermede başvurulan en doğal sıvıdır tabi sudan sonra.
- Diyabetli ev yapımı şarap içmek mümkün mü
- По большей части культура эта была основана на непосредственном использовании психической энергии, и именно это вот обстоятельство и отъединило ее от остальной части человеческого общества, которое все больше и больше полагалось на широкое использование механизмов.
Bira ve ev yapımı brendi tansiyon şekeri ile ne kadar ilgileniyorsanız, o zaman kural olarak, bir litre köpüklü içecek başına 30 ila 40 gram. Meyveyi yıka. Kompozisyonda orantılı olan askorbik aside ek olarak, retinol A vitaminitokoferol E vitaminifolik asit B 9 vitamini ve bu gruba ait bir dizi başka madde de bulunmaktadır Tatlı ve tatlı - litre başına 40 - 50 Burada çok geniş bir şekilde temsil edilen vitamin grubu.
Çekirdek ve yaprakları temizle ve meyvenin üzerinde herhangi bir pislik kalmadığına yüksek tansiyon durumunda erespal ol.
- Gelmiş geçmiş en iyi korku filmleri
- Hipertansiyon için votka veya konyak ,hipertansiyon için ceviz bölümlerinin tentürü
- Yaşlılık hipertansiyonu nasıl tedavi edilir
- Когда сильнейший рывок последовал в третий раз, сердце Элвина почти замерло.
Şarap kiti kullandığınızda evde şarap yapmak toplamda 4 saatlik bir emek ve 3 haftalık bir bekleme süreci gerektirir. İşi bir tık abartıp kendi şarabını yapmak gibi bir hobi edinmek isteyenler için ise Sözlük Oct 07, · Şarap yapımı Şarap yapmanın birçok yöntemi var.
Şarap gelince, hepsi çeşidine bağlıdır.
Hipertansiyon için bir kaşık konyak
En lezzetlisini içmek için ödenen para, beklenen süreç, uğrunda yapılan hiçbir şey insana külfet hissi vermez. Şaraba herhangi bir bakterinin3. Diyabet hastası bir kişi için tavsiye edilir: aç karnına alkol içmeyin; Sadece ruhları veya kuru kırmızı ev yapımı brendi tansiyon kullanın; kontrol tedbiri kan şekerini tutun Ek olarak, aynı zamanda vücudun insülin hassasiyetini azaltan metanol de içerir, bu sadece hastanın durumunu iyileştirir.
Meyveyi soymak, daha kolay içimli bir şarap elde etmeni sağlayacaktır İkinci görüş diyabetli hastalar sadece çok makul miktarda alkol içebilirsiniz için olmasıdır. Şarap, içmesini sevenler için bambaşka bir tutkudur.
Daha sonra elde edilen ürün güvenli, taze ve koruyucu katkı maddelerinin bulunmadığı bir ürün olacaktır. Malzemeler: Süt - 1 L Kilo verirken pancar suyu almak mümkün mü.
Diyabetli ev yapımı şarap içmek mümkün mü
Birçok kadına göre kilo vermek için pancar suyu çok iyi yardımcı olur. Oruçlu pancar günleri için her öğün yerine bir içki içmelisiniz. Yağ yakıcı etkisi vardır Rüyada mavi şarap görmek büyük mutluluklar yaşayacağına, iş hayatında ve aile hayatında çok sevilen ve sayılan birisi olunacağına, eline geçen büyük ve hayırlı işler sayesinde çok kazanç elde edeceğine, yaşama karşı daha güçlü, sabırlı ve hırslı biri haline geleceğine, zararın telafi edileceğine ve eşlerin arasının hiç olmadığı kadar iyi olacağına Endüstriyel sütten ev yapımı peynir altı suyu hazırlayabilirsiniz.
Ev yapımı peynir altı suyu tarifi. Süt sığırlarının sağlığına ve sahiplerinin temizliğine tamamen güvenerek tüketilebilir. İki şekilde kullanılabilir: oruç pancar günleri yapın ve ayrıca pancar diyeti uygulayın. Eğer tanı Tip 1 diyabet ise ne Apr Ancak bu gruptan 70 ml alkol tehlikeli bir doz olarak kabul edilebilir.
Diyabetli ev yapımı et içmek mümkün mü
Bu nedenle, burada, diyabetle içmenin mümkün olup olmadığı sorulduğunda Hastaya kötü alışkanlıklardan vazgeçmesi tavsiye edilir, pek çoğu, en azından ara sıra diyabetli votka içmenin mümkün olup olmadığıyla ilgilenir Mar Çocuklarda insülin tedavisinin ve beslenmenin doğru yapılması ile Tip 1 diyabeti iyileştirmek mümkün mü? Yoksa ben bu ilacı almayı bırakana kadar alkol almanıza izin yok mu? Bira, şarap, votka, brendi, rom, viski, tentür, kaçak içki veya liköre izin veriliyor mu?
Tüketicilerin asetik asitle temasa geçmesinin en yaygın yollarından biri, doğal olarak şarap, patates, elma, üzüm, çilek ve tahıl gibi fermente olabilen kaynaklardan yapılan ev sirkesidir. Agastin alkolle etkileşime giriyor mu?بایدن: جمهوریخواهان برنده انتخابات کنگره باشند، استیضاح میشوم
رئیس جمهور دموکرات آمریکا اذعان کرد که در صورت پیروزی جمهوریخواهان در انتخابات میاندورهای کنگره، وی استیضاح خواهد شد.
به گزارش خبرگزاری مهر به نقل از اسپوتنیک، جو بایدن، رئیس جمهور آمریکا در نطقی برای حامیانش در سندیگو، گفت که اگر جمهوریخواهان اکثریت مجلس نمایندگان و سنا را پس بگیرند، استیضاح وی محتمل است.
خبرگزاری مهروی در این سخنرانی گفت که «همین حالا هم به من اطلاع دادهاند که اگر اعضای جم ...Porfirio
Contro i cristiani. Testo latino, greco e tedesco a fronte
Verso la fine del III secolo, al tempo di Diocleziano, il filosofo neoplatonico Porfirio scrisse un trattato 'Contro i Cristiani' in cui prendeva di mira la nuova fede con un accurato esame storico, filologico, filosofico e teologico dell'Antico e del Nuovo Testamento. Già nel secolo precedente, al tempo di Marco Aurelio, il medioplatonico Gelso aveva scritto un'analoga opera anticristiana, per di...
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food restaurants are more likely to purchase sodas and snacks at school. We anticipated this finding because children who often go out to fast-food restaurants as a family have generally less healthful diets (16–18). However, no association was found with having junk food restrictions at home and purchasing behaviors at school. It appears that when children are faced with many food choices outside the home, having restrictive food practices at home does not track into other settings; such an approach may not allow children to practice making healthful choices outside the home. Future studies might be able to further elucidate this lack of association by testing this explanation.
A cluster of household practices were associated with television watching, but this pattern was not observed for participation in VPA. We found that children who have a television in their bedrooms watched more television; however, those who live in an active family and have junk food restrictions at home watched less television. In contrast, participation in VPA was associated with only 1 household practice: being active as a family. Finding a different set of household practices to be associated with these behaviors highlights that television watching is likely influenced by setting restrictions in the household (3,4,11,12), whereas engaging in physical activity is likely influenced by modeling the behavior and by encouraging and supporting participation (7,10). This may explain why we found that other restrictions, such as junk food restrictions, were associated with television watching and not with participation in VPA. Because our study did not fully address the spectrum of household practices associated with television watching and participation in VPA, household practices related to these behaviors should be examined further.
Another goal of this study was to examine associations with self-reported BMI. In our study, television watching was the only behavior significantly associated with self-reported BMI, whereas participation in VPA and purchasing of sodas and snacks at school were not, although the former approached significance (P = .054). Our study did not assess dietary intake but measured a specific dietary pattern (eg, purchasing of sodas and snacks at school), which may explain this lack of association. Furthermore, other researchers have reported conflicting findings regarding the association of television watching and physical activity with BMI (27). Alternatively, the use of self-reported BMI may explain our lack of associations; self-reported BMI has been shown to be less accurate in children younger than 12 (association reported to range from .52 to .70 compared with .79 to .93 in older children) (28).
Being active as a family was the only household practice significantly associated with self-reported BMI. Being active as a family may be a surrogate measure for healthy family behaviors that include participation in physical activity as well as other behaviors such as more healthful eating and less television watching. This finding underscores the need to better understand the profiles of active families, a subject that has not been examined in depth.
Our study has limitations. The cross-sectional nature of the data limits our ability to examine causality. Although we acknowledge the potential limitations of self-report, the health behavior measures were associated with the household variables as expected and, as such, support the potential validity of these measures. Although television watching is a relevant sedentary behavior, this study did not account for all other sedentary activities in which children engage. Because the household variables were developed for this study, the validity of these measures warrants further investigation. In addition, we were unable to capture the full range of practices that may be associated with the 3 behaviors we examined and BMI. The potential effect of the school environment was not examined but is acknowledged as a limitation, given its potential influence on behaviors. Lastly, the data were collected using a consumer opinion panel, which may limit the generalizability of the findings; however, this technique yields results comparable to those of random-digit dialing (29).
Our study simultaneously examined multiple household practices in relation to 3 behaviors and self-reported BMI among children and adolescents. Our findings provide evidence that the household environment is associated with certain behaviors and suggests that being active as a family might be relevant for childhood obesity prevention.
Dr Louise C. Mâsse received salary support from the Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research (senior scholar award), the Child and the Family Research Institute (Level 2 investigator scientist award), and the Sunny Hill Foundation. In addition, Dr Mâsse received support from the National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health to prepare this article. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official positions of the National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health.
Corresponding Author: Louise C. Mâsse, PhD, University of British Columbia, Department of Pediatrics and School of Population and Public Health, Developmental Neurosciences and Child Health, L408, 4480 Oak St, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4 Canada. Telephone: 604-875-2000, ext. 5563. E-mail: [email protected].
Author Affiliations: Heidi M. Blanck, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Maria Valente, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Audie A. Atienza, Tanya Agurs-Collins, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland; Deanne Weber, Porter Novelli, Washington, DC; Amy L. Yaroch, Gretchen Swanson Center for Nutrition, Omaha, Nebraska.
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- Pollard WE. Use of consumer panel survey data for public health communication planning: an evaluation of survey results. In: Proceedings of the section on Health Policy Statistics, American Statistical Association. 2002; 2720-4.
Table 1. Characteristics, Behaviors, and Household Practices, by Body Mass Index Percentile Categories, of US Children and Adolescents (N = 1,050), HealthStyles and YouthStyles Survey, 2005
|Characteristics and Household Practices||Totala (%)||BMIb|
|<85th Percentile (%)||≥85th and <95th Percentile (%)||≥95th Percentile (%)|
|High school diploma or less||24.5||55.6||19.9||24.5|
|All other groups||5.7||64.8||12.6||22.6|
|Vigorous physical activity (VPA)b|
|Purchases sodas and snacksb|
|Television in bedroomc|
|Active as a familyc|
|Junk food restrictionc|
|Eats at a fast-food restaurantc|
Table 2. Association of Household Practices With Behaviors of US Children and Adolescents (N = 1,190), HealthStyles and YouthStyles Survey, 2005
|Characteristics and Household Practices||Television Watchinga,b||Vigorous Physical Activitya,c||Purchasing Sodas or Snacksa,d|
|OR (95% CI)||OR (95% CI)||OR (95% CI)|
|Female||0.80 (0.63–1.01)||0.70 (0.53–0.92)||0.98 (0.77–1.26)|
|13–15||1.14 (0.87–1.49)||1.17 (0.84–1.63)||3.50 (2.61–4.69)f|
|16–18||1.21 (0.89–1.64)||0.65 (0.46–0.91)||4.07 (2.96–5.61)f|
|College graduate||1 [Reference]|
|Some college||1.36 (1.04–1.79)||0.94 (0.66–1.31)||1.24 (0.92–1.67)|
|High school diploma or less||1.33 (0.98-1.80)||0.76 (0.53-1.10)||1.18 (0.84-1.65)|
|Black||1.90 (1.34–2.69)f||1.30 (0.83–2.04)||2.01 (1.35–3.00)f|
|Hispanic||1.22 (0.85–1.75)||0.67 (0.47–0.95)||1.67 (1.21–2.32)f|
|All other groups||0.74 (0.48–1.14)||1.21 (0.66–2.22)||0.91 (0.56–1.49)|
|Television in bedroome|
|Yes||1.58 (1.22–2.05)f||0.93 (0.69–1.24)||1.49 (1.13–1.96)f|
|Active as a familye|
|Neutral||1.28 (0.97–1.68)||0.51 (0.37–0.70)f||1.04 (0.78–1.38)|
|Disagree||1.84 (1.34–2.52)f||0.35 (0.25–0.51)f||1.20 (0.86–1.69)|
|Junk food restrictione|
|Neutral||1.56 (1.06–2.32)||0.92 (0.58–1.48)||1.38 (0.92–2.07)|
|Disagree||1.83 (1.24–2.70)f||0.85 (0.54–1.34)||1.20 (0.81–1.80)|
|Eats at a fast food restaurante|
|0 d/wk||1 [Reference]|
|1 d/wk||1.03 (0.77–1.37)||1.34 (0.94–1.91)||1.62 (1.18–2.24)f|
|≥2 d/wk||1.25 (0.91–1.71)||1.08 (0.74–1.58)||1.67 (1.19–2.36)f|
Table 3. Association of Behaviors and Household Practices With Self-Reported Body Mass Index (BMI) Percentile Categories, US Children and Adolescents (N = 1,050), HealthStyles and YouthStyles Survey, 2005
|Characteristics and Household Practices||Model 1a||Model 2b||Model 3c|
|OR (95% CI)||OR (95% CI)||OR (95% CI)|
|Female||0.72 (0.54–0.95)||0.72 (0.54–0.95)||0.71 (0.53–0.95)|
|13–15||0.63 (0.45–0.89)e||0.64 (0.46–0.89)e||0.62 (0.44–0.87)e|
|16–18||0.38 (0.26–0.54)e||0.39 (0.
|
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mastering the subject, however, while the mind is engaged in analyzing its details, the subject is still “above” the mind, and the relationship between them is the reverse: the mind is “within” the subject and is encompassed by it.
In the Alter Rebbe’s words:
וגם השכל מלובש במושכל בשעה שמשיגו ותופסו בשכלו
Also, the intellect is clothed within the subject at the time of intellectual comprehension and grasping.1
Thus, in the act of understanding an idea the mind both encompasses the concept and is encompassed by it, and this is the significance of the term “grasping” used above.
דרך משל: כשאדם מבין ומשיג איזו הלכה במשנה או בגמרא לאשורה על בוריה
When, for example, one understands and comprehends a particular halachah in the Mishnah or Gemara, clearly and thoroughly, through strenuous application of his mind,
הרי שכלו תופס ומקיף אותה, וגם שכלו מלובש בה באותה שעה
his intellect grasps and encompasses that halakhah, and his intellect is also clothed in it at that time when he strives to understand it.
והנה הלכה זו היא חכמתו ורצונו של הקדוש ברוך הוא
Now, this halachah is the wisdom and Will of G-d — the rationale underlying the halakhah is G-d’s wisdom, and the ruling itself is G-d’s Will, as mentioned in ch. 4.
שעלה ברצונו שכשיטעון ראובן כך וכך, דרך משל, ושמעון כך וכך, יהיה הפסק ביניהם כך וכך
It so arose in His Will that if, for example, Reuven would claim thus and Shimon thus, such and such should be the verdict between them.
ואף אם לא היה ולא יהיה הדבר הזה לעולם, לבא למשפט על טענות ותביעות אלו
Even if it never did nor ever will come to pass that litigation occur over these arguments and claims,
Thus, were the purpose of Torah study only to learn how to practice its laws — in this case: how to resolve this dispute — then the study of such a law would indeed serve no purpose. In fact, however, there is great value in studying even such a halakhah, for thereby one knows G-d’s Will and wisdom, and attaches himself to it, as the Alter Rebbe continues:
מכל מקום, מאחר שכך עלה ברצונו וחכמתו של הקדוש ברוך הוא, שאם יטעון זה כך וזה כך יהיה הפסק כך
yet, since it arose thus in G-d’s Will and wisdom that if one person would claim this way and the other that way, the verdict be such and such,
הרי כשאדם יודע ומשיג בשכלו פסק זה, כהלכה הערוכה במשנה או גמרא או פוסקים
therefore when one knows and comprehends this verdict as a halakhah set forth in the Mishnah or Gemara or Poskim (the halakhic codifiers),
If one arrives at the identical verdict on the basis of any other legal system, this verdict represents human knowledge, not Divine wisdom. If, however, he derives the ruling from Torah,
הרי זה משיג ותופס ומקיף בשכלו רצונו וחכמתו של הקדוש ברוך הוא, דלית מחשבה תפיסא ביה ולא ברצונו וחכמתו
he then actually comprehends and grasps the Will and wisdom of G-d, Whom no thought can grasp, nor [can any thought grasp] His Will and wisdom,
כי אם בהתלבשותם בהלכות הערוכות לפנינו
except when they — G-d’s Will and wisdom — clothe themselves in the halachot set before us.
This is one facet of understanding Torah, namely, that thereby one’s intellect encompasses the Divine Will and wisdom. Furthermore:
וגם שכלו מלובש בהם
His intellect is also clothed within them — within the Divine Will and wisdom contained in Torah; his mind is encompassed by them.
והוא יחוד נפלא, שאין יחוד כמוהו ולא כערכו נמצא כלל בגשמיות
Now this is a most wonderful unity; in the physical realm there in no unity similar or parallel to it, i.e., of two things as disproportionate as human intellect and Torah, G-d’s intellect —
להיות לאחדים ומיוחדים ממש מכל צד ופנה
that they should actually become one and united from every side and angle.
וזאת מעלה יתירה גדולה ונפלאה לאין קץ, אשר במצות ידיעת התורה והשגתה
This is the distinctive, infinitely great and wonderful superiority of the mitzvah of knowing and comprehending Torah
על כל המצות מעשיות, ואפילו על מצות התלויות בדבור, ואפילו על מצות תלמוד תורה שבדיבור
over all the mitzvot involving action, and even over those performed through speech; indeed, even over the mitzvah of oral Torah study.
The precept of Torah study may be performed by reciting passages of Scripture, even if one is ignorant of their meaning. Such study, however, lacks the infinitely superior quality of comprehending Torah, namely:
כי על ידי כל המצות שבדבור ומעשה הקדוש ברוך הוא מלביש את הנפש, ומקיפה אור ה׳ מראשה ועד רגלה
For through all the mitzvot performed in action and speech G-d clothes the soul, and envelops it with His light from “head” to “foot”, i.e., from its highest level to its lowest;
ובידיעת התורה, מלבד שהשכל מלובש בחכמת ה׳, הנה גם חכמת ה׳ בקרבו
while in the case of the knowledge of Torah, apart from the intellect’s being clothed in (i.e., enveloped by) Divine wisdom, the Divine wisdom is also within him, so that he envelops it.
The Rebbe notes:
The process of understanding an idea is as follows: At first one grasps the idea or concept in a general way, and at that time his intellect encompasses the subject. Afterwards, one begins to dissect the general idea through analysis and argument, at which time the subject encompasses his intellect. When he finishes dissecting and analyzing (i.e., once he has mastered the concept thoroughly, in the Alter Rebbe’s words: “The intellect...understood and perceived it...”), his intellect once again encompasses the subject.Il Natale in Danimarca non è veramente Natale senza una "salutare" bevuta a base di Julesnaps! Se volete preparare anche voi questa tipica bevanda alcolica natalizia, conosciuta anche come Akvavit o Brændevin, datevi da fare. Ne esistono diversi tipi e gusti, ecco la ricetta natalizia originale, aromatizzata con arancia, chiodi di garofano, caffè e vaniglia.
Ingredienti
1 arancia
30-40 chiodi di garofano
100 grammi di zucchero di canna
40 chicchi di caffè
1 stecca di vaniglia
1 bottiglia di Snaps (Brøndums o vodka)
Preparazione
Prendi i chiodi di garofano e, uno ad uno, inseriscili nell'arancia come se fosse un puntaspilli.
Prendi un barattolo di vetro abbastanza ampio da contenere l'arancia intera e tutto il contenuto della bottiglia di Snaps. Versa al suo interno lo zucchero ed i chicchi di caffè.
Ora metti nel contenitore anche l'arancia puntellata di chiodi di garofano e la stecca di vaniglia. Versa lo Snaps (o la Vodka) fino a coprire tutti gli altri ingredienti e riempi bene il barattolo. Scuoti con forza e lascia riposare per 35-40 giorni.
|Snaps in varie versioni ed aromi|İltihaplı Romatizma Neden Olur?
İltihaplı romatizma, vücudun bağışıklık sistemi tarafından hatalı bir biçimde kendi dokularına saldırması sonucu ortaya çıkan kronik bir inflamatuar hastalıktır. Bu hastalık, eklem iltihabına, deri lezyonlarına, böbrek hasarına ve diğer birçok komplikasyona neden olabilir.
İmmün Sistem ve İltihaplı Romatizma
İmmün sistem, vücudu hastalık yapıcı mikroorganizmalara karşı koruyan bir savunma sistemidir. Ancak bazen immün sistemin kontrolsüz bir şekilde çalışması, kendi dokularına saldırmasına neden olabilir. İltihaplı romatizma, bağışıklık sisteminin vücudun normal dokularına yanlışlıkla saldırması sonucu oluşur.
Genetik Yatkınlık
İltihaplı romatizmanın nedeni tam olarak bilinmemekle birlikte, genetik yatkınlığın rol oynadığı düşünülmektedir. Bazı insanlar genetik olarak bu hastalığa yatkın olabilir ve çevresel faktörler bu yatkınlığı tetikleyebilir.
Çevresel Faktörler
Çevresel faktörler, iltihaplı romatizmanın ortaya çıkmasında önemli bir rol oynayabilir. Bazı enfeksiyonlar, sigara içmek, stres, obezite ve hormonal değişiklikler gibi faktörler, hastalığın belirtilerini tetikleyebilir veya şiddetlendirebilir.
İmmün Sistem Anomalileri
Bazı insanlarda immün sistemdeki anomaliler, iltihaplı romatizmanın gelişimine katkıda bulunabilir. İmmün sistemdeki dengesizlikler ve aşırı immün cevaplar, bu hastalığın ortaya çıkmasına katkıda bulunabilir.
Belirtiler ve Bulgular
İltihaplı romatizma, her insanda farklı belirtilerle ortaya çıkabilir. Genellikle ağrılı bir eklem iltihabı, deri lezyonları, yorgunluk ve ateş gibi semptomlar görülür. Ayrıca bazı hastalarda nefes almada zorluk, böbrek hastalığı ve göz enfeksiyonları gibi ek bulgular da ortaya çıkabilir.
Tedavi Seçenekleri
İltihaplı romatizmanın tedavisi, hastalığın şiddetine ve semptomlara bağlı olarak değişir. Genellikle bir multidisipliner yaklaşım kullanılır ve tedavi rejimi ilaçlar, fizik tedavi ve hastanın yaşam tarzı değişikliklerini içerir. Özellikle erken teşhis edildiğinde ve uygun bir şekilde tedavi edildiğinde, hastalar genellikle semptomların kontrol altına alınmasında ve yaşam kalitesinin iyileştirilmesinde başarılı olabilirler.
Sonuç
İltihaplı romatizma, vücudun bağışıklık sisteminin hatalı bir biçimde kendi dokularına saldırması sonucu ortaya çıkan bir hastalıktır. Genetik yatkınlık, çevresel faktörler ve immün sistem anomalileri, bu hastalığın ortaya çıkmasında rol oynayabilir. Tedavi seçenekleri hastalığın şiddetine ve semptomlara bağlı olarak değişir ve multidisipliner bir yaklaşım gerektirebilir.
Sıkça Sorulan Sorular
1. İltihaplı romatizma neye neden olur?
İltihaplı romatizma, vücudun bağışıklık sisteminin kendi dokularına saldırması sonucu ortaya çıkar. Genetik yatkınlık, çevresel faktörler ve immün sistem anomalileri, bu hastalığın nedenlerinden bazılarıdır.
2. İltihaplı romatizma nasıl teşhis edilir?
İltihaplı romatizma, uzman bir doktor tarafından fizik muayene ve kan testleri gibi yöntemlerle teşhis edilir. Ayrıca bazı durumlarda biyopsi gerekebilir.
3. İltihaplı romatizma tedavi edilebilir mi?
Evet, iltihaplı romatizma tedavi edilebilir. Tedavi seçenekleri hastalığın şiddetine ve semptomlara bağlı olarak değişir, ancak genellikle ilaçlar, fizik tedavi ve yaşam tarzı değişiklikleri kullanılır.
4. İltihaplı romatizma yaşam kalitesini nasıl etkiler?
İltihaplı romatizma, kronik bir hastalık olduğu için yaşam kalitesini etkileyebilir. Ancak, uygun tedavi ve yönetimle semptomlar kontrol altına alınabilir ve yaşam kalitesi iyileştirilebilir.
5. İltihaplı romatizma nasıl önlenebilir?
İltihaplı romatizmanın tam olarak nasıl önleneceği bilinmemektedir. Bununla birlikte, sağlıklı bir yaşam tarzı sürdürmek, sigara içmemek ve stresi yönetmek gibi adımlar, hastalık riskini azaltmaya yardımcı olabilir.
6. İltihaplı romatizma ile ilgili daha fazla bilgi nerede bulunabilir?
Daha fazla bilgi için, İltihaplı Romatizma Derneği gibi güvenilir sağlık kuruluşlarının web sitelerini ziyaret edebilir veya bir uzman doktordan danışmanlık alabilirsiniz.Smentito il decesso: è ricoverata in ospedale
L’attrice Tanya Roberts, che ha affascinato James Bond in 007 Bersaglio mobile e in seguito ha interpretato Midge Pinciotti nella sitcom ‘That ’70s Show’, non è morta. La donna è stata ricoverata in ospedale dopo essere caduta nella sua abitazione. L’attrice era stata erroneamente dichiarata morta dal suo stesso addetto stampa lunedì. L’agente di Roberts, Mike Pingel, in seguito ha dichiarato all’Associated Press che l’attrice, 65 anni, era ancora viva ma era in cattive condizioni di salute. Precedentemente aveva riferito che Roberts era caduta a casa sua il 24 dicembre ed era stata ricoverata al Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, dove si credeva fosse morta domenica.
© Copyright LaPresse - Riproduzione RiservataFrustrati dalle interruzioni di corrente e dalla carenza dei beni di prima necessità, come conseguenza dell’aggravarsi della crisi economica dell’isola, centinaia di persone stanno ormai da settimane protestando contro il governo. La risposta del presidente Gotabaya Rajapaksa è stata l’imposizione di un rigoroso coprifuoco, la dichiarazione dello stato di emergenza e il ricorso delle forze governative a reprimere i manifestanti. Tali scelte sono state severamente criticate dalle organizzazioni per i diritti umani e dall’Unione Europea.
Amnesty International, organizzazione internazionale non governativa impegnata nella difesa dei diritti umani, ha invitato le autorità dello Sri Lanka a “non usare forza eccessiva per disperdere i manifestanti”, in riferimento all’assalto avvenuto presso la residenza del Presidente Gotabaya.
Yamini Mishra, direttore di Amnesty International per l’Asia Meridionale, ha dichiarato:
“Le autorità dello Sri Lanka devono astenersi dall’arrestare persone per aver esercitato il loro diritto a protestare pacificamente e seguire le garanzie del giusto processo come l’accesso tempestivo a un consulente legale. Siamo molto preoccupati per le violazioni dei diritti umani attualmente in corso in Sri Lanka poiché le autorità stanno usando la forza abusiva e le restrizioni ai movimenti nel tentativo di reprimere il dissenso”.
Infatti quando il numero dei manifestanti ha iniziato ad aumentare, la famigerata Special Task Force dello Sri Lanka (STF) è stata schierata insieme a un aumento del personale di polizia. La STF è stata inviata con i manganelli sguainati per disperdere i migliaia di manifestanti. Oltre a questa escalation di violenza da parte dello stato dello Sri Lanka, gas lacrimogeni e cannoni ad acqua sono stati usati contro la folla senza preavviso. Le forze statali inizialmente avevano pensato di aver disperso la folla ma, irritati dall’escalation delle violenze, i manifestanti hanno iniziato a reagire lanciando pietre contro i furgoni della polizia.
Rispondendo alle proteste contro l’amministrazione Rajapaksa e la terribile situazione economica in Sri Lanka, l’ambasciatore americano in Sri Lanka, Julie Chung, ha difeso il diritto di protestare tramite un Tweet pubblicato nel suo profilo il 4 Aprile. L’agente diplomatico Chung ha inoltre dichiarato che la protesta pacifica è essenziale per una “espressione democratica”.
“I cittadini dello Sri Lanka hanno il diritto di protestare pacificamente – essenziale per l’espressione democratica. Sto osservando la situazione da vicino e spero che i prossimi giorni portino moderazione da tutte le parti, così come la tanto necessaria stabilità economica e il sollievo per coloro che soffrono”.
La sua dichiarazione arriva mentre la polizia dello Sri Lanka ha imposto un rigido coprifuoco in alcune parti di Colombo e ha chiamato l’esercito per reprimere i dissidenti. Il presidente dello Sri Lanka, Gotabaya Rajapaksa, ha condannato i manifestanti come “estremisti”, mentre un altro ministro del governo ha affermato che dietro la manifestazione ci sono “terroristi”.
In risposta allo stato di emergenza dello Sri Lanka che ha causato massicce proteste al di fuori della residenza del Presidente Gotabaya, anche l’Unione Europea ha espresso preoccupazione e sottolineato la necessità di rispettare i diritti democratici.[ Back ]
This document reflects commonly held beliefs based on scripture which have been endorsed by the church's Commission on Doctrinal Purity and the Executive Presbytery.
What is the biblical position on materialism and worldliness?
The Assemblies of God from its founding has sought to emphasize the biblical themes of trusting God for daily needs, sacrificial giving as an expression of love to our Lord, and valuing spiritual over material things. Anything that draws us toward the world and away from eternal truth and values is worldliness. Materialism, or fixation on earthly possessions, is one of mankinds strongest temptations.
Wealth in itself is not condemned in Scripture. In fact, it is considered a gift and a blessing, especially when not sought (1 Kings 3:13). But there are many scriptural statements about the dangers of wealth and instructions about its proper use.
Wealth should not be accumulated for its own sake. It should not be gained by injustice or oppression. Wealth often leads to covetousness. It belongs to God, not to us; we are simply stewards. We sin if we do not use it to help the poor, the weak, and the oppressed (Ezek. 22:29). Generosity marks the Christian use of wealth.
Few Christians would claim to be wealthy. But when we have more than needed for essential food, clothing, and shelter we are wealthy compared with the
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8,442 | 6 | 2 |
جدید اجباری و پوشش بیمه تکمیلی اختیاری اعلام شد.
همشهری آنلاین: رئیس بیمارستان مسیح دانشوری با اشاره به پیشتازی ایران در اهدای عضو بین کشورهای منطقه، از صدور یک میلیون و ۴۰۰ هزار کارت اهدای عضو در کشور خبر داد.
همشهری آنلاین: مدیرعامل اتحادیه مؤسسات قرآنی و مردمی کشور از صدور شناسنامه جامع با عنوان «آشنایی با اتحادیه مؤسسات قرآنی کشور» در ۶۰۰ صفحه خبر داد و گفت: این اقدام باعث تصمیمگیری بهتر در ادغام دو اتحادیه قرآنی میشود.
همشهری آنلاین: جانشین فرمانده کل ارتش با بیان اینکه هرگونه فعالیت ها و حرکات دشمن در فراسوی مرزهای کشور توسط رادارهای راهبردی امکان رصد دارد، گفت: نتیجه تجاوز به آسمان ایران بسیار گزاف و شکننده است.
همشهریآنلاین: در پنجاهمین شماره ماهنامه مدیریت ارتباطات (شهریور ۹۳) که بر روی کیوسکهای مطبوعاتی توزیع شده است، برای نخستینبار مباحث یک گروه تخصصی در وایبر بهصورت کامل چاپ شده است.
همشهری آنلاین: پرچم حرم امام رضا (ع) همزمان با آغاز دهه کرامت و در شب میلاد امام هشتم از سوی خادمان حرم آن حضرت به همراه مراسم ویژه نقاره زنی در بلندترین نقطه پایتخت و بر فراز برج میلاد تهران به اهتزاز درمی آید.
همشهری آنلاین: رییس دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد گفت از تدوین سند اقتصاد مقاومتی دانشگاههای سراسر کشور توسط وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری خبر داد و گفت: این سند در اجلاس روسای دانشگاهها در مشهد ابلاغ میشود.
همشهری آنلاین: معاون آموزشی دانشگاه پیامنور از برگزاری آزمونهای پیامنور به شکل آنلاین و بدون نیاز به حضور فیزیکی در دانشگاه در آینده نزدیک خبر داد.Gertrud Arndt
La sua ambizione era quella di diventare architetto, ma solo dopo essere approdata al Bauhaus nel 1923 scoprì che le lezioni di architettura non erano ancora disponibili nella scuola. Almeno non per le donne. Finì quindi anche lei nel laboratorio di tessitura e cominciò a creare tappeti con motivi geometrici. Uno di questi ha decorato per lungo tempo il pavimento dello studio di Gropius. Fu però con la fotografia che la giovane Gertrud si affermò tra gli artisti moderni e contemporanei, per la capacità di trattare i paesaggi urbani intorno a lei.E così inizia: l'anno di Duplo
Oct 11, 2021
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Uno degli argomenti dietro le quinte discussi regolarmente qui a GeekMom è Lego. Come conservarlo, cosa costruirci, quale set è più desiderato, quanto è stato speso per un'acquisizione recente e così via. Lego è un biglietto caldo nelle famiglie Geek. Ho bei ricordi della costruzione di una ferrovia Lego […]
Uno di gli argomenti dietro le quinte regolarmente discussi qui su GeekMom sono Lego. Come conservarlo, cosa costruirci, quale set è più desiderato, quanto è stato speso per un'acquisizione recente e così via. Lego è un biglietto caldo nelle famiglie Geek. Ho bei ricordi della costruzione di un sistema ferroviario Lego tutto intorno al soggiorno con mio padre, quando alcune volte all'anno la mamma ci lasciava continuare per qualche giorno. Era davvero uno spettacolo bellissimo. Usavamo la stagnola come fiumi per i Lego Tanker che avevo ereditato da mio fratello. Un giorno, questo è il set che Toby erediterà da suo zio.
Fino a questo Natale, i lavori di costruzione di Toby hanno coinvolto due materiali diversi: una dozzina o giù di lìMega Blocchi e la stessa quantità di Fisher-Price Piccole persone blocchi. Ognuno è arrivato con un giocattolo diverso per il suo secondo compleanno questo settembre. Per la maggior parte di novembre e dicembre lo abbiamo visto sviluppare un interesse per la costruzione di torri. Non si era mai preso molta cura dei blocchi di legno più giovani o dei blocchi di schiuma che gli erano stati messi a disposizione, quindi è stato con vivo interesse che abbiamo visto l'architetto che era in lui iniziare a emergere. È stato deciso che avrebbe ricevuto blocchi dalla sua bisnonna per Natale, ma di quale tipo? Mi piacciono le piccole persone. Mi piacciono i set che puoi acquistare e mi piace la forma dei modelli, quindi questa era, suppongo, la mia preferenza, anche se i blocchi stessi non erano i miei preferiti. Nel profondo del mio cuore ero triste che non avesse già una piccola scorta di Duplo su cui costruire, la mia naturale inclinazione era verso la versione per bambini del mio preferito d'infanzia. Ho lasciato la decisione nelle mani di mio marito, che ha esaminato i giocattoli accatastati nel nostro soggiorno e ha concluso che Duplo era necessario per la nostra famiglia e che gli altri blocchi potevano andare a Goodwill.
Poi è iniziata la ricerca del set perfetto. Dopo aver esaminato molte varianti, incluso il treno, ne abbiamo decise due piccole scatole invece di una grande scatola. Più facile da archiviare e con i prezzi di Amazon hai effettivamente finito con più blocchi in questo modo. Due scatole significavano anche due piastre di base, due figure, due automobili, due finestre e quattro fiori. Le finestre sono sempre state le mie preferite da bambino. Vieni a scoprire che il contenuto di due scatole sta davvero in un unico, tanto necessario bonus in questa casa disseminata di giocattoli!
La mattina di Natale abbiamo guardato con gioia come per tre ore ha aperto e giocato con tutti i suoi nuovi giocattoli, insistendo anche per provare i vestiti di Babbo Natale. Il mostro dell'ordine che c'era in me, guardava con orrore mentre i Duplo venivano svuotati sul pavimento cosparso di carta, il geek in me strillava di gioia quando ha iniziato a costruire tra la carneficina di Natale. Ora che siamo passati pochi giorni dal Natale e ci stiamo guardando intorno a cosa ci ha fatto questa stagione, è ovvio che i suoi mattoncini Duplo sono di gran lunga il giocattolo preferito di quest'anno. Ogni mattina costruisce; quando torna a casa dall'asilo costruisce. Ieri, mentre ci sedevamo a colazione con la nonna, ha ordinato a suo padre di rimanere in soggiorno per supervisionare le operazioni di costruzione mentre mangiavamo. Qualcuno deve essere sempre sul posto. Costruisce principalmente quelli che ritiene essere robot e case, ma gli piacciono anche i ponti sotto i quali possono essere spinte le macchinine Duplo. Vedo la sua immaginazione espandersi mentre crea qualcosa di nuovo ogni giorno. Ogni visitatore della casa questa settimana è stato reclutato per la sua squadra di costruzione in pochi minuti dall'ingresso nella zona. Suo zio Nick a Philadelphia ha ricevuto il Lego Millennium Falcon per Natale di quest'anno. Le nostre menti stanno già correndo avanti di cinque anni e si chiedono quale sarà l'offerta per la generazione di Toby. Forse comincerò a mettere da parte le cose ora prima di perdere la nostra occasione!ترجمه اختصاصی نوریاتو: رابرت کاپا یکی از بزرگترین عکاسان تاریخ عکاسی است. او در زمان حیاتش به عنوان بزرگترین عکاس جنگ در دنیا، شناخته شده بود. کاپا در طول دوران فعالیت حرفه ای خود، از بعضی از شدید ترین جنگ ها از جمله جنگ داخلی اسپانیا، مقاومت چین در برابر حمله ژاپن، اولین جنگ میان اعراب و اسرائیل و نخستین جنگ هندوچین عکاسی کرد. و نهایتا در یکی از این جنگ ها در سال ۱۹۵۴ کشته شد.
به گزارش مجله عکس نوریاتو، در سال ۱۹۴۷ کاپا به همراه سه عکاس دیگر به نامهای هنری کارتیه برسون، جورج راجر و دیوید سیمور، آژانس عکس مگنوم را تأسیس کردند. این مؤسسه اولین مرکز گروهی برای تمامی عکاسان آزاد دنیا به حساب میآید.
شجاعت کاپا در خط مقدم به او کمک می کرد تا تاثیرگذارترین، محبوب ترین و احساسی ترین عکس ها را از جنگ های مختلف به تصویر بکشد. در همین راستا، کاپا جمله معروفی دارد: «اگر عکس هایتان به اندازه کافی خوب نیستند، به این دلیل است که به اندازه کافی به سوژه نزدیک نشده اید.»
رابرت کاپا در سال ۱۹۱۳ در بوداپست، مجارستان متولد شد. در هفده سالگی بخاطر فعالیت های چپ گرایانه اش علیه رژیم آدمیرال میلکوش هورثی زندانی شد و پس از آن، از کشور خارج شد. ابتدا در رشته خبرنگاری در دانشکده علوم سیاسی برلین تحصیل می کرد. اما بعد از مدتی به دلایل مالی، تحصیل را نیمه کاره رها کرد. پس از آن در آژانس عکاسی خبری دیفوت استخدام شد و از آنجا وارد دنیای عکاسی شد.
اریک کیم (عکاس آمریکایی) در مجموعه مقاله ای از هشت درسی می گوید که درباره عکاسی جنگ از رابرت کاپا آموخته است. هر روز با یکدیگر یکی از این درس ها را مرور خواهیم کرد.
۴٫ برای ثبت در تاریخ از مردم عکاسی کنید
رابرت کاپا با هدف تاریخ نگاری و بالا بردن آگاهی مردم از جنگ ها به سمت عکاسی کشیده شد. او تصاویری خلق کرد تا مردم وجوه مختلف جنگ را فراموش نکنند. کاپا به دنبال این بود که مردم جنایات، درد و ویرانی های ناشی از جنگ را همیشه در خاطر داشته باشند.
با وجود اینکه در عکاسی به دنبال ماجراجویی بود اما متوجه خطراتی که خود را در معرض شان قرار می داد، بود. او در مصاحبه ای از تجربیات خود می گوید:
«جنگ مانند بازیگری است که دارد پیر می شود. دیگر صورتش خاصیت فتوژنیک کمتری دارد و بیشتر خطرناک جلوه می کند.»
تصاویر کاپا به وضوح تلخی و سختی های جنگ را به تصویر می کشد. می توان گفت که آثار او اهداف اجتماعی مهمی در دل خود دارند. این تصاویر قادر هستند تا تاثیری عمیق بر افکار عمومی بگذارند.
بهتر است این نکته را بدانید که عکس هایی که شما می گیرید در آینده تبدیل به سندی تاریخی خواهند شد. در حقیقت همان طور که تاریخ در حال رخ دادن است، شما در حال عکاسی از آن هستید. پس عکس هایی به تصویر بکشید که مردم هیچ گاه از خاطر نبرند.
مترجم: سعیده فراهانیRomans did not have prisons that relate to how we think of them in the modern world. Accused wealthy citizens were simply kept under house arrest, provided they behaved, until a trial could take place.
The poor generally found justice swift and usually fatal. Outside of the cities, a villa might have three areas to keep slaves, one for those who were well behaved, one for those to keep shackled and one for those allowed a bit more freedom.
Actual prisons in Rome truly served as a holding place for those condemned to die. Occasionally the accused might be detained to await trial, but usually those awaiting trial were encouraged to go into voluntary exile. Those awaiting trial were called "carcer" or "publica vincula."
The most famous Roman prison can still be visited today. It is located just outside the Forum Romanum buried at the foot of the Capitoline Hill. It was Ancus Marcius, the fourth king of Rome, who, sometime during his reign (640-616 BC) constructed this dark, damp and foreboding subterranean structure.
One enters the prison today by following steps down from the Capitoline. Looking ahead one sees, on a sunny day, the remains of the glistening white marble of the Forum. By contrast, a turn to the left and down a few more stairs finds the visitor at the entrance to the prison. It is a small room, with a hole in the floor. This was the entrance to the dungeon, constructed by the orders of the 6th king of Rome, Servius Tullius.
Sallust described it as about twelve feet deep into the ground. "Its appearance is disgusting and vile by reason of the filth, the darkness and the stench." It was into this room, 6 1/2 ft. high, thirty feet long and twenty-two feet wide, that prisoners who had been condemned to die either by strangulation or starvation were thrown. One attributes the phrase "to be cast into prison" had its origins here.
Even today one can see an iron door which opens to the Cloaca Maxima, then the main sewer of Rome which emptied into the Tiber. It is said that the dead were cast away through this door. Sometimes, the dead were displayed on the marble stairs before being sent into the Tiber.
Today one can visit the dungeon via a narrow staircase. It seems even smaller than the above mentioned size because there are so many visitors to this eerie dungeon. Among the famous who spent their last days here were the leader of the Gauls, Vercingetorix who had tried to rally the Gallic tribes into one union against Caesar and, obviously, did not meet success, Simon Bar Jioras, the defender of Jerusalem defeated by Titus in the sack of the city in A.D. 70, and St Paul.12. dakikada Onyekuru'nun sağdan ortasında ceza sahası içinde topla buluşan Sinan Gümüş, sağ çaprazdan düşerken şutunu çekti ancak meşin yuvarlak uzak direğin yanından auta gitti.
18. dakikada Eljif Elmas'ın pasıyla savunma arkasına sarkan Ayew'den önce zamanında kalesini terk eden Muslera, topu taca yollayarak önemli bir tehlikeyi savuşturdu.
19. dakikada Benzia, uzaktan sert bir şekilde vurduğu meşin yuvarlağı az farkla yandan auta gönderdi.
20. dakikada Ömer Bayram'ın soldan ortaladığı top Isla'ya çarparak yön değiştirdi ve kaleye yöneldi. Kaleci Harun Tekin, son anda meşin yuvarlağı kornere çeldi.
28. dakikada sol kanatta topla buluşan Frey, Ozan Kabak'tan sıyrıldıktan sonra ceza sahasına girdi. Serdar Aziz'in açısını kapattığı İsviçreli futbolcunun etkisiz şutunda, top kaleci Muslera'da kaldı.
31. dakikada Galatasaray, derbide öne geçti. Belhanda'nın sağdan kullandığı kornerde arka direkte Serdar Aziz'in kafayla indirdiği topa altıpasta dokunan Donk, meşin yuvarlağı kaleci Harun Tekin'in üzerinden ağlara gönderdi: 1-0.
35. dakikada Belhanda'nın sağdan kullandığı faulde altıpas gerisinde yükselen Sinan Gümüş'ün kafayla vurduğu top, yan direkten döndü. Pozisyonun devamında Fenerbahçe savunması tehlikeyi uzaklaştırdı.
42. dakikada hızlı gelişen ev sahibi ekibin atağında Belhanda'nın pasıyla ceza sahası içi sağ çaprazda buluşan Onyekuru'nun vuruşunda, top yandan auta çıktı.
Mücadelenin ilk yarısı sarı-kırmızılı ekibin 1-0 üstünlüğüyle sona erdi.
İkinci yarı
49. dakikada Belhanda'nın pasıyla sağdan ceza sahasına giren Linnes, son çizgi üzerinde pasını altıpas gerisindeki Onyekuru'ya çıkardı. Bu futbolcunun bekletmeden şutunda, kaleci Harun Tekin soluna gelen topu kornere çeldi.
Aynı dakika içinde Galatasaray farkı 2'ye çıkardı. Belhanda'nın sağdan kullandığı kornerde Fenerbahçe savunmasının uzaklaştırmak istediği top ceza sahası dışı sağ çaprazdaki Linnes'in önünde kaldı. Norveçli futbolcunun bekletmeden yerden sert şutunda meşin yuvarlak kaleci Harun Tekin'in sağından ağlarla buluştu: 2-0.
51. dakikada Valbuena'nın soldan kullandığı faulde meşin yuvarlak az farkla üstten auta çıktı.
55. dakikada sağ kanatta buluştuğu topla ceza sahasına sokulan Ayew'in çaprazdan şutunda, top uzak kale direğinin yanından az farkla auta gitti.
64. dakikada sağdan ceza sahasına giren Isla meşin yuvarlağı içeri çevirdikten sonra kaleci Muslera ile girdiği ikili mücadelede yerde kaldı. Pozisyonu Video Yardımcı Hakem (VAR) uyarısıyla yeniden izleyen hakem Fırat Aydınus penaltı kararı verdi. 66. dakikada penaltıyı kullanan Valbuena, meşin yuvarlağı Muslera'nın sağından ağlara gönderdi: 2-1.
72. dakikada Fenerbahçe beraberliği yakaladı. Ceza sahası içi sol çaprazda topla buluşan Valbuena, pasını ceza sahası yayı içindeki Jailson'a aktardı. Brezilyalı futbolcu, düzgün bir vuruşla meşin yuvarlağı kaleci Muslera'nın solunda filelerle buluşturdu: 2-2.
80. dakikada Onyekuru'nun soldan ortasında penaltı noktası üzerindeki Sinan Gümüş'ün gelişine vuruşunda, savunmada Skrtel'e çarpan top az farkla yandan auta çıktı.
85. dakikada Jailson'un derinlemesine pasıyla ceza sahası içi sağ çaprazda buluşan Soldado, daha uygun durumdaki Eljif Elmas'ı gördü. Bu oyuncunun penaltı noktası gerisinden vuruşunda kaleci Muslera soluna gelen topu güçlükle kornere gönderdi.
Aynı dakikada sağdan paslaşılarak kullanılan kornerde Jailson'un ceza sahası dışı sağ çaprazdan vuruşunda, Linnes'ten seken top arka direkte altıpas gerisindeki Skrtel'in önünde aldı. Muslera ile karşı karşıya yaptığı vuruşta top ters köşeden az farkla auta gitti.
Mücadele 2-2 beraberlikle sona erdi.
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from the bedtime routine, and use screen-dimming tools if students have to use computers after sunset.
"We really focus on the importance of helping the child transition from day to evening," she said.
Educators evaluating students with attention deficits should also consider recommending that parents reach out to a pediatrician to determine if physical sleep problems are exacerbating students' symptoms, Peppers said.
For example, Herman also found that children with ADHD often have mild apnea—a condition in which a child stops breathing for short periods during sleep—and that surgically treating the apnea improved children's attention deficits more than using stimulants, which themselves can disrupt sleep.
Vol. 37, Issue 05, Pages 1, 16Published in Print: September 20, 2017, as Sleep Problems Linked to Attention DisordersLa storia di tutti gli sport, basket compreso, è fatta anche di grandi campioni che per un breve lasso di tempo hanno toccato grandi vette, ma poi sono stati ridimensionati dagli infortuni e da un calo di impegno. Nella NBA tra i giocatori che hanno toccato grandi vette per pochi anni ci sono sicuramente questi atleti, ma la lista probabilmente non sarà completa. Penny Hardaway che nella seconda metà degli anni 90 aveva portato assieme al più grande Shaquille O'Neal, gli Orlando Magic ad una finale NBA e si era affermato come uno dei migliori giocatori in assoluto. Fu ridimensionato presto da gravi infortuni. Grant Hill negli anni 90 era diventato la stella dei Detroit Pistons, era paragonato al grande Scottie Pippen per il suo talento e la sua duttilità, poi gli infortuni lo resero un giocatore solo discreto. Derrick Rose negli anni 2000 con i Chicago Bulls vinse da giovanissimo un premio di MVP, gioca ancora oggi, ma è stato rovinato pure lui da gravi infortuni. La stessa sorte è toccata a Brandon Roy dei Portland Trail Blazers e Vince Carter dei Toronto Raptors. Poi ci sono casi come Shawn Kemp dei Seattle Supersonics e DeMarcus Cousins che dopo pochi anni da fuoriclasse hanno avuto una condotta poco professionale e l'Olimpo se lo sono negati da soli. Spesso si dice che la storia non si fa con i se e i ma, ma in casi come questi forse si potrebbe fare un'eccezione, perchè è chiaro che senza gli infortuni le carriere di questi campioni sarebbero state molto più luminose e la storia del basket sarebbe diversa.
Andrea RenziThe Alma project entailed building a carbon plant, a reduction plant, a casting center, and supporting infrastructure. At the peak of construction, more than 4,500 workers were on site. With capacity of more than 400,000 metric tons per year, Alma is one of the world’s largest smelters.
Bechtel managed a team of architecture and engineering firms, and worked closely with project owner Alcan (now Rio Tinto Alcan), to incorporate our proprietary process equipment and technology into the Alma smelter.
The result is a facility that produces five times more aluminum than a nearby plant but requires only 35 percent more workers. The Alma smelter is also gentler on the environment, thanks to innovative emissions-reduction features developed by Alcan and implemented with Bechtel’s assistance.
Inside the project
With Alma and several other smelters located along the Saguenay River, Québec’s Saguenay region is often called "Aluminum Valley." Optimal resources abounded for the new smelter at Alma: a nearby bauxite refinery, an efficient rail system, abundant hydropower electricity, and a skilled workforce.
The owner’s refinery, about an hour’s drive from Alma, produces alumina from bauxite ore, which is shipped by rail to Alma for smelting. Alcan operated its own rail system, which Bechtel upgraded to increase capacity. The Alma project also included an upgrade to the plant’s alumina storage and handling facilities. Furthermore, Bechtel upgraded Alcan’s transmission lines to supply the plant with 161 kilovolts of electricity, massive amounts of which lie at the heart of the smelting process.Heart murmurs can occur in people of any age and in most cases indicate a serious condition of the heart, heart valves or vessels. Treatment for heart murmurs is based on the underlying condition, so they can be a symptom of various heart problems. It is imperative that the cause of the heart murmur is clarified by a specialist in internal medicine (cardiologist).
Since heart murmurs can be an indication of serious heart disease, more detailed clarification by a specialist is necessary in most cases.
Doctors understand heart sounds to be altered heart sounds that indicate a pathological change in the heart, the heart valves or the vessels connected to the heart. The doctor usually notices these heart murmurs when listening to the heart sounds with the stethoscope.
Since heart murmurs can be an indication of serious heart disease, more detailed clarification by a specialist is necessary in most cases. The human heartbeat is divided into two phases, known as systole (ejection phase of the heart) and diastole (filling phase of the heart). Depending on the phase during which the heart murmurs can be heard, these are referred to as systolic or diastolic heart murmurs.
Heart murmurs can have very different causes and often indicate pathological changes in the heart or a heart defect. Depending on the phase of the heart murmur, different causes come into question.
Heart murmurs that the doctor hears in the systolic phase can indicate various obstruction and closure disorders of the heart valves. Especially in children, adolescents and pregnant women, systolic heart murmurs that have no pathological significance can occur.
Even with physical exertion, heart murmurs can often occur without any disease value. Diastolic heart murmurs always have a disease-related cause, such as aortic regurgitation or stenosis of the vessels that can be found in the area of the heart.
If a patient suffers from heart murmurs in both phases, this usually indicates a more serious heart defect or a serious dysfunction of the heart. Since there are so many different causes, it is imperative that the heart murmurs be diagnosed precisely by a specialist.
To the cause of a Heart murmur the doctor first listens to the patient's chest with the help of the stethoscope. He describes a possibly occurring heart murmur based on the volume and the time at which he hears it.
If there is a suspicion of a serious underlying illness, the specialist in internal medicine has various further diagnostic options at his disposal, which enable him to reliably assess the heart murmur. These include, for example, an EKG, a stress EKG and an ultrasound of the heart, which provide information about the functionality and appearance of the organ. A cardiac catheterization exam can also reveal the cause of heart murmurs.
Heart murmurs can put those affected into a life-threatening condition without a medical examination. The heart murmurs may increase in intensity and occur more frequently. There is a risk of heart failure or the symptoms becoming chronic. Often the noises trigger fear in the person concerned.
The heart murmur can cause the patient to suffer from severe emotional stress. In severe cases, it can trigger an anxiety disorder or a panic attack. The person concerned suffers from the permanent threatening feeling of being able to lose his life due to heart failure. He becomes restless, irritable and possibly hysterical.
When treating heart murmurs, complications should be assessed depending on the diagnosis. If the heart murmurs are attributed to excessive physical activity through sport or work, this can mean a turning point in everyday life. Changes must be made so as not to endanger the state of health. The use of medication can lead to preparation-specific side effects.
These can burden other organs or affect the psyche. In severe cases, surgery must be carried out. The risks and side effects of an operation must then be considered. Usually, further therapies follow and the administration of medication continues. Here too, a necessary change in current lifestyle is often advised.
Unusual heart murmurs almost always have something to do with a malfunction of the heart, which is why a doctor must always be consulted. Internal specialists and cardiologists are in demand as responsible specialists for heart murmurs.
A heart murmur in need of treatment is not to be understood as the well-known normal palpitations, but rather sounds of the heart that deviate from it. A person affected does not always perceive unusual heart murmurs in themselves. Often it is the family doctor who comes across it while listening. This can be done as part of a routine examination or an examination for another illness, but also when you visit a doctor because of heart problems.
Heart murmurs occur when the heart is abnormally changed. These are mostly defects in the heart vessels or heart valves. Heart defects occur in a wide variety of forms. The focus is on constricted heart vessels and heart valves that do not close completely. Doctors differentiate between systolic and diastolic heart murmurs. While systolic heart murmurs do not always have a pathological background, diastolic heart murmurs are always related to a serious heart disease.
For the clarification of heart sounds, the internist or cardiologist has various examination methods such as EKG, ultrasound or a cardiac catheter examination. The treatment of heart murmurs is based on the knowledge gained from this.
Depending on the cause of the heart murmur, the internist will initiate appropriate treatment. If it is a harmless heart murmur in children, adolescents or pregnant women, they usually wait and arrange a later check-up appointment.
However, especially in babies and toddlers, careful monitoring of the murmurs of the heart is essential to prevent serious heart problems. If there is a problem with the heart valves, depending on the severity, either wait or initiate appropriate treatment. This can mean that the patient has to take medication, but it can also mean that an operation is needed to give the patient a new heart valve.
In any case, if a heart murmur occurs, a specialist in internal medicine (or / and cardiologist) should be consulted so that the severity of the disease and the therapy required can be optimally assessed. Depending on the severity of the underlying disease, the treatment of the heart murmur works better or worse.
With the exception of harmless heart murmurs in children and adolescents, which can occur occasionally and then go away, the noises usually indicate congenital or acquired heart defects. Depending on the type and intensity of the noises and depending on their occurrence during the systolic contraction phase or diastolic relaxation phase of the chambers, conclusions can be drawn about heart valve defects or functional restrictions in the main blood vessels connected to the heart.
The outlook and prognosis for heart murmurs are closely related to the development of the causative heart disease. The heart murmurs themselves are always the expression of flow noises caused by the blood flowing through the valve openings, flowing into the atria and being pressed out of the chambers. This also includes flow noises that arise, for example, from a possible backflow through improperly closed flaps.
In most cases of murmurs of the heart, which are the expression of serious heart disease and can indicate a reduced efficiency of the heart's pumping capacity, the outlook and prognosis are poor if the underlying disease is not treated. However, if the underlying disease is treated successfully, the heart murmurs will go away on their own or other noises will arise, for example caused by the endoprosthetic use of an artificial heart valve, which in this case must be regarded as normal.
To prevent heart murmurs from developing, a healthy lifestyle with lots of exercise is recommended. Regular check-ups with a doctor provide early information about possible heart problems. Especially with babies and children, the check-ups with the pediatrician should definitely be attended, as the pediatrician will always check the child's heartbeat for possible heart murmurs.
Heart murmurs should always be clarified by your family doctor or cardiologist. Various measures and home remedies can be used to accompany the medical examination. First of all, it is important to reduce the stress on the heart and circulation by maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Affected people usually suffer from a weakened heart and should therefore be careful. Exhausting activities should be avoided until the cause of the heart murmur has been clarified.
Noises that are loudest below the collarbone (machine noises) indicate an open ductus arteriousus and require medical clarification. If a systolic or diastolic heart murmur is suspected, a medical diary should be drawn up in which the type and intensity of the noises and possible accompanying symptoms are recorded. Heart murmurs such as throbbing or rumbling do not have to be pathological. Sometimes it is enough to relax the body through sleep and avoiding stress to clear the noises.
Heart murmurs caused by palpitations can be relieved by deep breathing and the Valsalva maneuver. The home remedy hawthorn strengthens the heart muscle contractions and supports blood flow, while magnesium regulates the heart rhythm and improves the functioning of the nervous system. In principle, however, all types of heart murmurs should be examined by a doctor.Şüca Mehmet Çavuş Camii, İstanbul’da Fatih ilçesine bağlı Seyyid Ömer mahallesinde bulunmaktadır. Cami ilk olarak Şüca Mehmet Çavuş tarafından 1477 yılında mescid olarak yaptırılmış. 1852 yılında minber koyularak camiye çevrilmiş. 19. yüzyılda çeşitli yangın ve bakımsızlıktan yıkılan cami 2017 yılından hayırsever iki aile tarafından yeniden yaptırılmış. İstanbul’da mimarisi ve özellikle minaresi bakımından çok farklı bir camidir.For some, the question is even more fundamental: The landmark decision Roe v Wade relied on the 14th Amendment, which guarantees that federal rights shall be applied equally to all persons born in the United States.
If the woman seeks an abortion, can he prevent it?
According to this argument, if it is not known for certain whether something such as the fetus has a right to life, then it is reckless, and morally wrong, to treat that thing as if it lacks a right to life for example by killing it. These and other questions frame the complicated abortion debate, which continues to be highly contentious, with massive support on both sides internationally.
Does it increase the chances of cancer?
On this approach, a being essentially has a right to life if it has a natural capacity to develop the relevant psychological features; and, since human beings do have this natural capacity, they essentially have a right to life beginning at conception or whenever they come into existence.
But the mother would never have to give the baby a blood transfusion, no matter what the circumstances were. In Canada, the courts have located privacy rights in the security of persons clause of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Since division of the zygote into twins through the process of monozygotic twinning can occur until the fourteenth day of pregnancy, Kenny argues that individual identity is obtained at this point and thus abortion is not permissible after two weeks.
Is it wrong to consider "quality of life" issues here? Or, does the fetus have a right to life that is binding on the woman and her body and that outweighs any rights held by the woman, requiring her to give birth?
Canadian judicial involvement[ edit ] Main article: Does abortion result in psychological disorders or depression? Such appeals can generate confusion if the type of rights is not specified whether civilnaturalor otherwise or if it is simply assumed that the right appealed to takes precedence over all other competing rights an example of begging the question.
Then, as now, these discussions often concerned the nature of man, the existence of a soul, when life begins, and the beginning of human personhood. While abortion has been legal in America since the land-mark Roe vs.
Other philosophers apply similar criteria, concluding that a fetus lacks a right to life because it lacks brain waves or higher brain function, self-consciousness, rationality, and autonomy. Beginning of human personhood Although the two main sides of the abortion debate tend to agree that a human fetus is biologically and genetically human that is, of the human speciesthey often differ in their view on whether or not a human fetus is, in any of various ways, a person.
According to a global study collaboratively conducted by the World Health Organization and the Guttmacher Institutemost unsafe abortions occur where abortion is illegal.The abortion debate is the ongoing controversy surrounding the moral, legal, and religious status of induced abortion.
The sides involved in the debate are the self-described “pro-choice” and “pro-life” movements. “Pro-choice” emphasizes the right of women to decide whether to terminate a pregnancy.
Opponents of abortion rights believe an embryo or fetus is alive and thus abortion is tantamount to murder. Current Status The most controversial of abortion issues is the so-called "partial birth" abortion, a rare procedure.
The issue of abortion debates the question of whether or not the unborn child is a human being, or at what point it becomes so. This question cannot be answered for the collective body of society, rather should be answered by the. Take a look at abortion from both sides of the debate, including teen pregnancy, rape and incest, stress, health concerns and complications, and ethics.
Sep 15, · People feel particularly strongly about abortion because there is no way of getting any opinion from the foetus - the potential 'victim' - about the issue (as there is when considering euthanasia), and because the foetus can easily be portrayed as an entirely innocent and defenceless being.
Not worrying about political issues like abortion The one-child policy has long a discussion on the issue of getting an abortion been cited as the reason for Chinas steep abortion rate. and Dianes Should legislators not take measures to curb the number of people sent to prison.DownloadSoldiering For Freedom: How The Union Army Recruited, Trained and Deployed the U.S. Colored Troops, Bob Luke and John David Smith, Johns Hopkins University Press, 131 pp., 12 b/w images, bibliographic notes, bibliography, index, $19.95.
Soldiering For Freedom: How The Union Army Recruited, Trained and Deployed the U.S. Colored Troops is a superlative introduction to the USCT for advanced placement high school and undergraduate
students. Basic information is providded on the raising of African American troops, the Bureau
of Colored Troops, contrabands, discrimination, the 54th and 55th
Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, and Abraham Lincoln. Additionally, the narrative offers an addresses the issues of race, soldiering, emancipation, nationalism, citizenship. Overall, Soldiering For Freedom is clear, concise, cogent and accessible to students and general readers.Outlining your first draft by listing each paragraph's topic sentence can be an easy way to ensure that each of your paragraphs is serving a specific purpose in your paper. You may find opportunities to combine or eliminate potential paragraphs when outlining—first drafts often contain repetitive ideas or sections that stall. Parallelism Whenever possible, in writing an outline, coordinate heads should be expressed in parallel form. That is, nouns should be made parallel with nouns, verb forms with verb forms, adjectives with adjectives, and so on (e. Nouns: computers, programs, users; verbs: to compute, to program, to use; adjectives: home computers, new programs, experienced users). Decimal 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2.1 1.2.2 188.8.131.52 184.108.40.206 Purpose: To show how programs written for microcomputers relate to the process of writing essays and other papers. Although parallel structure is desired, logical and clear writing should not be sacrificed simply to maintain parallelism. Thesis: Microcomputer programs can have a positive effect on students'
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are known to “reverse sneeze”. They will snort repeatedly and loudly, without stopping, for several minutes. This causes no harm to your Beagle, but it is a bit scary the first time you see it happen.
The Beagle is a very low maintenance breed and, if you can meet their need for socialization and companionship, they are the perfect dog for the busy family. If you’re at work for long hours, or you are often away for long periods of time, the Beagle may not be the right breed for you. Your dog will not be happy, and they may become destructive. Their howling may also disturb your neighbors.
Beagle owners suggest that you make sure your fence is jump-proof and dig-proof, as Beagles can be escape artists. They’ll do just about anything to be able to follow an interesting scent!
These dogs don’t shed a lot of hair, and their short coat is easy to maintain. An occasional bath and a regular brushing to remove any loose or dead hair will keep your Beagle looking good. They don’t need a lot of exercise; a good walk once a day is enough to keep them happy. This can also help prevent weight gain.
You may need to clean your Beagle’s ears on a regular basis, to remove excess wax and to prevent bacteria and fungi causing infections in their ear canals. This isn’t difficult, you just need a reputable ear cleanser and some cotton balls. Never use a Q Tip or similar in a dog’s ear as it can damage their inner ear and ear drum.
The Beagle is a friendly, companionable dog that is an ideal pet for families. They are low maintenance, they’re a nice size for children to manage, and they are not aggressive. The only thing that may frustrate a potential owner is that they get distracted easily when you are trying to teach them something.
If the Beagle fits your lifestyle, then you can expect to enjoy the company of your four legged family member for up to 13 years.All American Redstarts (Passeriformes: Parulidae: Setophaga ruticilla) feature contrasting light and dark plumage, but breeding males are the most strikingly-colored. They sport bright orange patches down the sides of their black wings and tails, with white feathers on their bellies. Redstarts use their coloration in combination with quick, exaggerated movements for a variety of purposes. Their flashes of color can be used to flush out insect prey, and males in particular use them to attract mates and defend territory by sending warnings to competitors.
In the summer these birds can be found in much of the eastern and northern US as well as southern Canada, but they migrate well to the south in winter. Their migratory routes take them through the western and southern US and Mexico, and they overwinter in Central America, the Caribbean, and northern South America. They’re most at home in deciduous woodlands and will nest in a variety of hardwood trees. They aren’t too picky about their food either, and will eat practically any small insect they can catch.Researchers have identified a gene that appears to curb coffee consumption.
People with a DNA variation in a gene called PDSS2 tend to drink fewer cups of coffee, a study has found.
Experts claim the findings suggest the gene reduces the ability of cells to break down caffeine, which causes it to stay in the body for longer and means those affected get the same caffeine hit through less coffee.
One scientist working on the project said it suggests the “drive to drink coffee may be embedded in our genes”. The researchers studied the DNA of 370 people living in a small village in southern Italy and 843 people from six villages in north-east Italy.
Dr Nicola Pirastu, a chancellor’s fellow at Edinburgh University, said: “The results of our study add to existing research suggesting that our drive to drink coffee may be embedded in our genes.
“We need to do larger studies to confirm the discovery and also to clarify the biological link between PDSS2 and coffee consumption.”Acupuncture is a form of traditional Chinese medicine that has been used for thousands of years. It is based on the belief that the body has energy channels called meridians, through which a vital energy called Qi flows. Acupuncture aims to restore the balance of Qi by inserting thin needles into specific points on the body.
Acupuncture is a safe and minimally invasive procedure. The needles used are very thin, about the width of a human hair, and are typically inserted only a few millimeters deep into the skin. Acupuncture is generally painless, although some people may experience a mild sensation of pressure or warmth at the needle insertion site.
Acupuncture can be used to treat a wide range of health conditions, both acute and chronic. Some of the most common conditions treated with acupuncture include pain (such as back pain, neck pain, and headaches), digestive disorders (such as irritable bowel syndrome and nausea), and mental health conditions (such as anxiety and depression). Acupuncture can also be used to support overall wellness, reduce stress, and improve sleep quality.
The benefits of acupuncture are thought to be due to its ability to stimulate the body’s natural healing processes. Acupuncture has been shown to release endorphins, which are the body’s natural painkillers, as well as other neurotransmitters and hormones that can promote relaxation and improve overall well-being.
Acupuncture is generally considered safe when performed by a trained and licensed practitioner. It is important to seek treatment from a qualified acupuncturist who uses sterile needles and follows proper hygiene practices.
Overall, acupuncture is a safe and effective treatment option that can help improve a wide range of health conditions. Its holistic approach to healing can promote physical, mental, and emotional well-being, making it a valuable addition to any healthcare regimen.
Reduced inflammation: Acupuncture has been shown to reduce inflammation in the body, which can contribute to a wide range of health conditions, including autoimmune disorders, allergies, and chronic pain.
Improved fertility: Acupuncture can be used to support fertility by regulating hormones, improving blood flow to the reproductive organs, and reducing stress.
Enhanced athletic performance: Acupuncture can help improve athletic performance by reducing pain and inflammation, speeding up recovery after workouts, and improving overall physical and mental well-being.
Reduced side effects of cancer treatment: Acupuncture can help reduce the side effects of cancer treatments such as chemotherapy and radiation, including nausea, fatigue, and pain.
Improved skin health: Acupuncture can help improve skin health by reducing inflammation, promoting circulation, and balancing hormones.
Reduced symptoms of menopause: Acupuncture can help reduce symptoms of menopause, including hot flashes, mood swings, and insomnia, by regulating hormones and promoting relaxation.
Improved respiratory health: Acupuncture can help improve respiratory health by reducing inflammation and promoting relaxation, making it a useful treatment option for conditions such as asthma and allergies.
Overall, acupuncture is a versatile and effective treatment option that can be used to improve a wide range of health conditions. Its holistic approach to healing can support physical, mental, and emotional well-being, making it a valuable addition to any healthcare regimen.
Acupuncture & TCM
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30 Minute Private Initial Acupuncture Visit
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60 Minute Private Initial Acupuncture Visit
60 Minute Private Acupuncture follow up Visit
50 Minute Cosmetic Acupuncture VisitTrees release oxygen which is a by-product of photosynthesis, and we breathe in oxygen so that our cells can carry out cellular respiration and generate ATP.
Respiration and photosynthesis are biological reactions in the environment that complement each other. Both are similar reactions that occur in a reverse manner. In the process of respiration, oxygen and glucose yield water and carbon dioxide, while carbon dioxide and water yields glucose and oxygen in photosynthesis.
Both respiration and photosynthesis function adequately as living organisms provide carbon dioxide required for plants that undergo photosynthesis and produces glucose. Bacteria and plants release oxygen that is required for all living organisms for respiration.
Differences between Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis
|Occurs in||All living organisms||Plants, Algae and Photosynthetic Bacteria|
|Reaction||C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O||6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6+ 6O2|
|Reactants||Glucose and oxygen||Carbon dioxide, water and light energy.|
|Products||Carbon dioxide, water, and energy(ATP)||Glucose, oxygen and water|
|Oxygen and carbon dioxide||Oxygen is taken in and carbon dioxide is liberated out.||Producing food and capturing energy.|
|Main Task||Breakdown of food particles and releases energy.||Production of food and Energy is captured.|
|Is energy released or required?||Releases energy step by step as ATP molecules.||Requires energy|
|Is Sunlight required?||It is not required since cellular respiration occurs every time.||It is required since photosynthesis occurs only in the presence of sunlight|
|Process||Generation of ATP by oxidation of organic sugar compounds.||Carbon dioxide is taken in and oxygen is liberated out.|
|Breaking down of sugar (glycolysis) that takes place in the cytoplasm|
|Krebs Cycle: Takes place in mitochondria and require energy.|
|Electron carrying chain which converts oxygen into water.|
The equation of cellular respiration is the reverse of photosynthesis. The interchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide by cellular respiration and photosynthesis helps in maintaining both atmospheric oxygen and carbon dioxide stable.The projects in this meditation focus on the importance of collaboration in public history. Using two different tools, both projects show a new way for understanding the histories of two diverse Louisiana American Indian communities. The project on the Chitimacha Tribe of Louisiana is not a complete public history project, but it shows the progression of research and preliminary work needed for the pubic history aspect through an interactive map. The Coushatta Tribe of Louisiana exhibit highlights the importance of collaboration and consultation with the Tribe, which happened at nearly every step of the curation and development of the exhibit. Focusing on the inclusion of these communities, and those surrounding them, helped in the understanding of the audience for each of these projects, as well as the overall importance of consultation with the community or communities represented.
Some files may require a special program or browser plug-in. More Information
|Advisor:||Troutman, John W.|
|Commitee:||Farmer-Kaiser, Mary, Martin, Michael S., Skilton, Liz|
|School:||University of Louisiana at Lafayette|
|School Location:||United States -- Louisiana|
|Source:||MAI 56/01M(E), Masters Abstracts International|
|Subjects:||American history, Native American studies|
|Keywords:||American Indian, Chitimacha, Collaboration, Coushatta, Native American, Public history|
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2019-11-09 19:35:38
原标题：打仗太狠导致男丁不足三万，这个南美小国被迫实行一夫多妻制至今
近些日子以来，我们对于南美洲的关注点大概都在巴西热带雨林大火上，这场大火已经延续一个多月，至今没有熄灭，也严重影响了南美洲诸多国家。除去巴西之外，我们对于南美洲的一些小国所知不多，甚至有一些小国，我们都没有听说过，今天我们来为大家介绍一个位于南美洲的一夫多妻制的国家。
这个国家的名字叫做巴拉圭，这个名字我们听到最多的应该还是足球队吧?。ǖ娜?，南美洲的足球很厉害）巴拉圭在西班牙语中的意思是“鹦鹉”，巴拉圭在很早以前是印第安人的居住地，但是在16世纪被来自西方的西班牙人所入侵，沦为了西班牙人的殖民地。
虽然在西班牙人的统治下，巴拉圭有了很好的发展，无论是工业还是农业，都有了长足的发展，但是在19世纪拉美独立运动的影响下，巴拉圭也开展了轰轰烈烈的独立运动，终于在1811年巴拉圭取得了政治上的独立，并建立了巴拉圭共和国。
建国之后的巴拉圭取得了空前的自信，认为自己的力量已经有了很强的发展，连强大的西班牙人都不是对手，这就使得巴拉圭对现有领土以及资源的不满。
巴拉圭是南美洲一个纯内陆国家，领土多为山地高原，只有南部有极少数的平原地区，虽然境内有两条大河，但是全国没有一个出?？?，这显而易见地抑制了巴拉圭的长足发展。
1862年，巴拉圭的老总统老洛佩斯撒手人寰，他的儿子弗朗西斯科·洛佩斯从其手中接过了权力的手杖，成为了巴拉圭新一任总统。弗朗西斯科很早就对邻国乌拉圭有所不满，而且弗朗西斯科认为自己雄才大略，一定要在自己的任期内给巴拉圭人民谋取更大的福利。所以弗朗西斯科继任不久，便以打通出?？谖?，对乌拉圭正式宣战。
任何一个出色的军事家都不会盲目发动这样一场战争，因为巴拉圭南部的阿根廷素来和巴拉圭有领土争端，南部边境的问题还没有解决，就向西北大举兴兵，这显然是作死的举动。阿根廷怎么肯放过这样一个大好机会？于是，阿根廷联合了巴西在巴拉圭的后方展开了战争，正在全力对付乌拉圭的巴拉圭腹背受敌，不得不收缩兵力转而保卫自己的领土。
本来打着如意算盘的巴拉圭此刻已经被团团包围，不但西北的作战没有进展，反而东南方向丧失了大片的领土，巴拉圭从此转攻为守?？剂顺ぞ米髡降淖急?。
这场战争堪称南美洲最大的战争，也被誉为世界上第一场近代战争，因为在这场战争中，第一次使用了大炮、机枪、步枪等现代化武器，甚至侦察用的热气球，信息传输用的电报也是在这场战争中第一次被使用。
由于寡不敌众，巴拉圭在这场战争中节节败退，终于在1868年，巴拉圭首都被三国联军所攻破，总统弗朗西斯科·洛佩斯被处决。
这场战争对于巴拉圭的损失是巨大的，战败之后，巴拉圭70%的土地沦为了三国同盟的管制地，还有超过11万平方公里的土地被三国瓜分，战后人口急速下降，国内成年男子不足三万人，政府不得不实行“一夫多妻制”，企图快速恢复人口，令人羡慕的是，这项政策一直延续至今。
巴拉圭独立之时，举国上下充满着雄心壮志，经此一战之后，从此一蹶不振，至今其经济仍需要依附巴西和阿根廷，沦为一个三流的内陆小国，实在可惜！可叹！
责任编辑：Se vi è avanzato del petto di pollo cotto in frigorifero ecco un'idea, semplice e veloce per riutilizzare la carne avanzata. Ho schiacciato uno spicchio d'aglio in una padella con dell'olio evo e del mirto essiccato. Ho tagliato il petto di pollo avanzato, in tante striscioline e le ho messe a scaldare nella padella dove oramai l'olio si sarà insaporito del mirto e dell'aglio, togliete questi ultimi due e continuate a scaldare la carne. A metà del procedimento irrorate con del succo di mezzo limone e pepate. Intanto tagliate a dadini i pomodori e scolate i fagioli cannelini in scatolata. Mettete i due ultimi ingredienti in una ciotola ed insaporiteli con dell'olio evo e del sale. A questo punto in una padella antiaderente scaldate le piadine, io di solito adopero quelle piccole, sono anche più pratiche. Una volta che le piadine si saranno scaldate, conditele con la carne, i pomodori ed i fagioli. Se vi piace aggiungete una o qualche salsa di vostro gradimento.La mattina del 24 maggio scorso, nel nord dell’Amazzonia Brasiliana, José Cláudio Ribeiro da Silva e sua moglie Maria do Espírito Santo da Silva hanno fatto un giro in motocicletta vicino alla riserva naturale dove i due avevano lavorato per oltre venti anni. Mentre la coppia si stava dirigendo oltre la foresta, alla cui protezione i coniugi avevano dedicato una intera vita, alcuni uomini armati, nascosti dietro un ponte, hanno aperto il fuoco, uccidendoli. Gli ufficiali delle forze dell’ordine brasiliane hanno riferito che l’assassinio sembrava il lavoro di killer professionisti, perché dalle due vittime era stato asportato un orecchio. Questo gesto viene spesso effettuato per fornire al mandante la prova che l’incarico è stato portato a termine.
L’uccisione è stata compiuta lo stesso giorno in cui il Congresso brasiliano ha approvato una modifica al Codice forestale che consente agli affaristi dell’agro-alimentare e ai proprietari delle tenute di disboscare ulteriormente nella foresta Amazzonica. La deforestazione è aumentata del 27% dall’agosto 2010 all’aprile 2011 per lasciar posto alle piantagioni di semi di soia. Le percentuali potrebbero probabilmente crescere se le modifiche al codice forestale saranno approvate anche al Senato.Apple Life Cycle Lesson Plan Ideas are here! Learning about apples in kindergarten is a tradition. This informational book about apples is packed with apple facts. See how we integrate reading, writing, science, and math! Free File included are here! A September tradition in many kindergarten classrooms is a thorough exploration of apples! I would like to recommend this book for you to use to lead the study.
How Do Apples Grow? by Betsy Maestro is packed with information. A word to the wise, there is a section on female parts and male parts of an apple blossom… so in the plant world… this book is a racy read! Oh-la-la!
The illustrations are beautiful and we use these images to help label the parts
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牙利布达佩斯举办。
第 18 届国际泳联世界游泳锦标赛在韩国光州举办。
推出 ULTIMATE AQUAFORCE，致力帮助勇者“游得更快”。
推出 ULTIMATE AQUAFORCE 加强版 ULTIMATE AQUAFORCE X。
2020 东京夏季奥运会（日本东京）。
推出首个全球统一设计的泳衣系列 ARENA BISHAMON 系列。
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毫无反抗能力事后Tempe, Arizona (NAPSI) - A strong math and science education is critical for K−12 students if they are to one day qualify for a job in one of the rapidly growing STEM fields: Science, Technology, Engineering and Math.
That’s the word from a woman who has had success as both an Emmy-nominated actress and as a scientist. She has now taken it as her personal mission to inspire students to take an interest in math and science.
Mayim Bialik not only plays a neurobiologist on TV’s No. 1 comedy, “The Big Bang Theory,” she is also a neuroscientist and part-time teacher.
Bialik, who earned a Ph.D in neuroscience from theUniversityofCalifornia,Los Angeles(UCLA), credits a tutor with helping her discover her passion for science. A mother of two, she now wants to inspire kids at a young age to find their own path in math and science.
“As a child, I didn’t think about a future career in science until my tutor opened my eyes to a whole new world of possibilities. I want my own kids—and all students—to know early on that with a strong math and science education, they can literally change the world,” said Bialik.
In addition to encouraging students to explore science and math, Bialik believes that integrating technology in a way that is fun and interactive can help parents and teachers capture the attention of today’s tech-savvy students. In her role as spokeswoman for the TI-Nspire CX math and science learning technology, she has interacted with math and science teachers across the nation who have seen their students become more engaged and improve achievement by using technology in and out of the classroom.
“Technology makes learning more exciting, and it helps students visualize concepts and make deeper connections between math and science,” said Bialik.
In what can be described as a move with a lot of “class,” Bialik is teaming up with TI for a back-to-school contest. Students, parents and teachers around the nation can enter to win the chance to have Bialik as a guest teacher for a math and science class—and TI-Nspire technology for the entire school.
To enter, go to www.facebook.com/TICalculators.هرات -- متعلمین اناث در هرات که هنوز با محدودیت های تعلیمی روبرو هستند، به صنف های صنایع دستی روی آورده اند که خیاطی، گلدوزی، بافندگی، نقاشی و آرایشگری را آموزش می دهند و آنها این کار را به عنوان آغاز یک مبارزه طولانی برای حقوق می دانند.
از زمانیکه حکومت قبلی در ماه اسد سقوط کرد، پوهنتون های دولتی بسته هستند. علاوه بر این، حاکمان جدید افغانستان به دختران اجازه نمی دهند که بالاتر از صنف ششم به مکتب بروند.
در حالیکه پوهنتون های خصوصی باز هستند، اما میان محصلین اناث و ذکور جداسازی سختگیرانه ای وجود دارد و قواعد جدید محصلین اناث را مجبور می سازند که نقاب ها و چپن های دراز بپوشند.
به گفته فاطمه توخی رئیس مرکز آموزش حرفه ای خواجه عبدالله انصاری، بیش از ۲۰۰ نفر متعلمین و محصلین مکتب و پوهنتون در این مرکز آموزش حرفه ای در هرات ثبت نام کرده اند.
پس از آنکه دختران از تعلیم و تحصیل محروم شدند، آنها از عصبانیت روانی شدید رنج می برند. توخی گفت، آموزش حرفه ای کاری است تا آنها را مشغول نگهدارد.
توخی گفت، «در گذشته ما در هر صنف ۱۵ دختر داشتیم اما اکنون با بسته شدن مکاتب و پوهنتون ها در هر صنف ۴۵ دختر حضور دارند. ۹۰٪ از شاگردان ما متعلمین و محصلین مکتب و پوهنتون هستند.»
در گذشته، برنامه های آموزش حرفه ای در هرات عمدتاً برای زنان و خانواده های بی جاشده داخلی بودند تا به آنها کمک کند که امرار معاش را بدست آورده و از فقر نجات یابند.
بسیاری از دختران با بسته شدن مکاتب و پوهنتون ها از مشکلات صحت روانی رنج می برند و امیدواری به آینده خود را از دست داده اند.
مسؤلین شفاخانه حوزوی هرات گزارش می دهند که روزانه بیشتر از ۲۰۰ بیمار به بخش صحت روانی این شفاخانه مراجعه می کنند که تقریباً ۸۰٪ آنها را زنان و دختران جوان به ویژه متعلمین لیسه ها و محصلین پوهنتون ها تشکیل می دهند.
داکتر وحید احمد نورزاد رئیس بخش صحت روانی در اواخر ماه میزان گفت که تعداد دختران جوانی که در ماه گذشته به بخش وی مراجعه کرده بودند، بی سابقه بوده است.
نورزاد گفت، هشتاد فیصد از بیماران ما را متعلمین اناث صنف های متوسطه تشکیل می دهند که به دلیل محدودیت بر روابط اجتماعی و ناتوانی آنها در سازگاری با وضعیت فعلی، از مشکلات روانی رنج می برند.
مبارزه برای حقوق
بعضی از دختران افغان در اعتراض تظاهرات می کنند.
سمیرا شریفی یک متعلم صنف دوازدهم گفت که وی برای فرار از فشار گیرماندن در خانه، در صنف آموزش خیاطی ثبت نام کرده است.
وی گفت، «چند ماه می شود که مکاتب بند هستند و من مجبور شدم که در خانه بمانم، و به همین دلیل در صنف های صنایع دستی ثبت نام کردم تا یک کاردستی را یاد بگیرم.»
شریفی گفت، همه دختران برای حقوق خود مبارزه می کنند و هرگز شکست را نخواهند پذیرفت.
وی افزود، «هر قدر که آنها محدودیت های بیشتری بالای ما تحمیل کنند، ما قوی تر شده و برای حرکت به پیش مصمم تر خواهیم بود».
زکیه رحیمی، یکی دیگر از متعلمین صنف دوازدهم از تمام دخترانی که از تعلیم محروم شده اند، خواست که امیدواری خود را از دست ندهند و در مبارزه برای حقوق خود متحد شوند.
وی گفت، قیامت فرا نرسیده است و دختران امیدواری و یا قصد مبارزه را از دست نداده اند.
رحیمی گفت، «دختران نباید منتظر باشند تا روزهای خوب برسند، بلکه آنها باید مبارزه را آغاز کرده و اوضاع را به نفع خود تغیر دهند.»
نسیمه حمیدی یک محصل حقوق و علوم سیاسی در پوهنتون هرات گفت که پس از بندشدن پوهنتون، وی می خواهد تا از طریق یادگرفتن یک حرفه جدید به رشد شخصیت خود ادامه دهد.
وی افزود، «اگر آنها یک دروازه را به روی ما ببندند، ما دروازه های بیشتری را باز کرده و پیشرفت خواهیم کرد.»
وی گفت، «دختران نباید بترسند و باید از خانه های خود بیرون شوند.»
خاطره انوری یک متعلم صنف دوازدهم در هرات همچنان گفت، از زمانی که وی از رفتن به مکتب محروم شده است، خیاطی را یاد می گیرد.
وی افزود، «من در تمام عمرم برای حقوق خود مبارزه خواهم کرد و به هیچ کسی اجازه نخواهم داد که در تعلیم و کار من دخالت کند.»
وی افزود، «ما تا بازگشایی پوهنتون ها و مکاتب دخترانه به مبارزه خود ادامه خواهیم داد.»
وی همچنان افزود، «من منتظر روزی هستم که همه دختران به مکتب بروند.»CDC issues guidelines for public pool safety
Atlanta – The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has published new guidelines intended to keep swimmers at public pools safe and healthy.
CDC said the document was designed to inform individuals, pool operators and local health departments about pool safety because no federal regulatory agency is responsible for aquatic facilities.
The agency said the number of pool-associated outbreaks, mostly of diarrhea, have increased sharply during the past two decades. CDC’s most recent data shows that from 2009 to 2010, outbreaks at 57 pools caused more than 1,000 people to be sick and sent 40 swimmers to the hospital.
Meanwhile, improperly used pool chemicals also pose dangers. About 5,000 people went to the emergency department in 2012 because of injuries involving pool chemicals, CDC states.
CDC also listed 19 “imminent health hazards” in the guidelines that would require immediate pool closure if they were not corrected. The hazards include:
- Failure to continuously operate filtration and disinfection equipment
- A pH level below 6.5 or above 8.0
- Failure to maintain an emergency lighting source
- Absence of depth markings or improper depth markings
- Unprotected electrical wires within 20 feet horizontally of aquatic venueوزیر بهداشت:
نظارت دقیق وزارت بهداشت در حوزه غذا
وزیر بهداشت گفت: مصوبات شورای عالی سلامت و امنیت غذایی بر محصولات کشاورزی و سلامت مردم تاثیرات مستقیم دارد.
به گزارش خبرنگار خبرگزاری صدا و سیما؛ دکتر سید حسن هاشمی در دیدار دکتر فیل هوگان رییس کمیسیون کشاورزی اتحادیه اروپا گفت: در ایران شورای عالی سلامت و امنیت غذایی به ریاست رییس جمهور و عضویت 9 نفر از وزرای دولت، هر سال دوبار تشکیل جلسه می دهد و مصوبات آن، تاثیر مستقیمی بر محصولات غذایی، کشاورزی و سلامت مردم دارد.
وی افزود: سازمان غذا و دارو و سازمانهای دیگری از مجموعه قوای مقننه و قضاییه، بر امنیت غذایی در ایران، نظارت دارند اما این به معنای شرایط بسیار مناسب در کشور نیست و باید تلاش های بیشتری در جهت سلامت غذا انجام دهیم.
وی تصریح کرد: اگر فرصتی برای کشاورزان و بازرگانان سختکوش ایرانی فراهم کنیم که محصولات خود را به بازارهای بین المللی صادر کنند، آنها باید استانداردهای لازم را کسب کنند و کیفیت آن را افزایش دهند که این کمک به بهداشت کشور خواهد بود.
وی ادامه داد: بخش خصوصی حتما باید توجه بیشتری به کیفیت محصولات خود و کسب استانداردهای بین المللی کند تا بتواند به بازارهای بین المللی دست یابد.
دکتر هاشمی گفت: امیدوارم سازمان غذا و دارو، آموزش های بیشتری برای نظارت بر محصولات غذایی ببیند تا موجب رضایت مردم و تامین سلامت آنها شود.
وزیر بهداشت درباره همکاری کمیسیون سلامت اتحادیه اروپا با ایران اظهار داشت: امیدوارم این اتحادیه همکاری های مشترکی را با ایران آغاز و زمینه های همکاری را تعریف کند و ایران بتواند از فرصت های مطالعاتی به ویژه در حوزه های امنیت غذایی و باقی مانده سموم در محصولات غذایی، استفاده کند.In ancient times, what is now Portugal was inhabited mainly by the Lusitanians. This tribe carried on trade with the Phoenicians at Gades (Cádiz) and later with the Carthaginians who colonized southern Spain.
|Important dates in Portugal|
|1000's B.C.||Phoenicians established settlements in what is now Portugal.|
|100's B.C.||Portugal became part of the Roman Empire.|
|A.D. 711||Muslims invaded the Iberian Peninsula.|
|1143||Portugal became an independent nation.|
|1419||Portugal began its overseas expansion.|
|1500||Pedro Alvares Cabral claimed Brazil for Portugal.|
|1580||Spain invaded and conquered Portugal.|
|1640||Portugal regained its independence.|
|1822||Portugal lost its colony of Brazil.|
|1910||The Portuguese established a republic.|
|1928||Antonio de Oliveira Salazar, who ruled as a dictator for 40 years, began his rise to power.|
|1949||Portugal and 11 other nations formed a military alliance, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).|
|1960's||Rebellions against Portuguese rule broke out in the country's African colonies.|
|1974||A revolution overthrew the Portuguese dictatorship.|
|1975||Almost all remaining Portuguese colonies gained independence.|
|1976||Portugal held its first free general elections in more than 50 years.|
|1986||Portugal joined the European Community, an economic organization that later became the basis of the European Union.|
About 200 B.C. the Romans annexed the Iberian Peninsula, and in 60 years had subdued the Lusitanians. In the early fifth century A.D., the Alans, a Scythian tribe, settled in Lusitania. In mid-century the Germanic Suevi, who had settled to the north, invaded Lusitania and sacked Lisbon. About 470 the Visigoths from southern Gaul (France) migrated to the peninsula and founded a kingdom.
In 711 the Moors, Muslims from Africa, began invading Spain. By 719 they had conquered the whole peninsula. Lisbon was besieged by Norsemen in the ninth century, but withstood the attack. In the north of Spain the Christians had slowly pushed the Moors southward, and at the end of the ninth century the northern part of modern Portugal was occupied by the Christian Kingdom of León. By the mid-11th century, the boundary reached almost to Lisbon.Electrodes play a huge role in Electrotherapy
Many doctors and patients purchase Tens Units on a daily basis at their favorite medical supply store online. Tens Units and other electrotherapy devices have been around for a very long time. One of the most important features that these devices must have, or perhaps the most important one of all, is the electrodes. Buying electrodes online is one of the most common practices done by owners of TENS units. However, what exactly is an electrode? Let us go back to basics...
Electrodes were created at first to be used in science laboratories and as time has passed and medical discoveries unfold, they have managed to be part of human's daily life. Through the electrodes, scientists were able to use physics and acupuncture principles to discharge electrical pulses into the organism based on the theory of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation.
Electrodes use modern technology mixed with a bit of ancient science to deliver the electrical waves that come from the TENS unit. As the current enters the body, it blocks the pain signals transmitted by the brain responsible for making the person feel pain. Acting as an external painkiller, the electrode is placed on the target area and when the machine is activated, they send the electric pulses into the different layers of skin and triggers almost immediate pain relief.
Besides blocking the pain signals from getting leaving the brain into the affected area, the electrodes distribute the current in a way that enhances the body's ability to generate pain-killing endorphins. This is the body's own healing mechanism.
Electrodes can be placed in almost any part of the body. They are used on muscle injuries, sprains, and cramps. Electrodes can be applied on the upper and lower extremities, lower and upper back, neck and more. They play a huge role in this non-invasive pain relief therapy.
A pack of electrodes can last approximately 1 week when the unit is used 2-3 times a day. Some users that will have the unit at home will not use it as much so they may last even longer under the proper care. However, they can easily be found online at extremely affordable prices like those offered by Discount Medical Supplies. Online catalogues can also help view the big variety of electrodes available in the market in contrast than the few ones that you see at a brick and mortar store. From different sizes to different color and functionalities, most medical supply stores online carry electrodes for every tens unit you see today.دیلما روسف، رئیس جمهوری برزیل که برای دومین بار به این سمت برگزیده شده است، با مشکلات اقتصادی متعددی از جمله مهار تورم بالا، جذب سرمایه گذاری و احیای اقتصاد برزیل روبروست.
بازارهای برزیل که خواهان ایجاد تغییر در سیاستهای اقتصادی این کشور بودند، به ابقای خانم روسف در پست ریاست جمهوری، واکنشی منفی نشان دادند و ارزش سهام بورس سائوپائولو، صبح روز دوشنبه ۶ درصد کاهش یافت.
سونیا فلوری، تحلیلگر سیاسی در این باره می گوید: «دولت با چالش های متعددی روبروست؛ بحران اقتصادی یکی از آنهاست که منجر به توقف رشد کشور شده است. اما دولت توانست بیکاری را مهار کند؛ موضوعی که یکی از مهمترین نگرانی های روسف محسوب می شد. فکر می کنم او موفق شد که این پیام را بخوبی به رای دهندگان منتقل کند که در وضعیتی که تمام جهان دچار بحران است، برزیل به حفظ اشتغال و افزایش سطح حداقل دستمزدها پرداخت. فکر می کنم به همین دلیل او برنده شد. او ثابت کرد که قادر به مدیریت کشور در وضعیت بحران است.»
خانم روسف خود را متعهد کرده است که برای حل مشکلات اقتصادی این کشور، با مخالفان و منتقدان خود و همچنین مولدان کسب و کار همکاری کند و دو طبقه متوسط به بالا و جامعه فقیر برزیل را با یکدیگر آشتی دهد.
فعالان اقتصادی در انتظارند تا ببینند خانم روسف برای اجرای اصلاحات چه کسی را به عنوان وزیر جدید اقتصاد این کشور معرفی خواهد کرد.İngiltere, Birleşik Krallık’ı meydana getiren dört ülkeden (İskoçya, Galler, Kuzey İrlanda, İngiltere)
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Uçakları ve aynı eylem için birden fazla sisteme sahip oldukları gerçeğini düşünün. Bir sistem arızalı, bir başkası oyunculuk yapıyor. Bilgilerinize böyle bakmanız gerekiyor! Ve unutma! Sorun yaşarsanız, profesyonelleri arayın!Summarize the points you made in your paper and show how they support your argument; tie all the pieces of …. Therefore, if you are wondering “what is a good closing sentence like?” – keep on reading. This is because it can often be hard to find …. Your goal is to leave the reader feeling like they understand your argument and evidence. writing conclusions This way your Write …. how to make thesis introduction The title of this final chapter, by the way, is “Call to Action.” Conclusions are often the most difficult part of an essay to write, and many writers feel that they have nothing left to say after having written the paper. Writing pattern for conclusion paragraphs. It's the last thing the reader will see, so it tends to stick in the reader's memory A blog conclusion is an opportunity to inspire people and make them see how great your brain is. Don't give up now, though, because your conclusion determines whether your essay ends with a bang (or a whimper). Review of conclusions, with strategies writing conclusions and examples. Instruct students to read the text and follow the steps to write a conclusion. In Auditor Application, we have predefined conclusions , with alternatives made available based on the Audit type It is three options structure, where you can pick one …. What to include Your conclusion wraps up your essay in a tidy package and brings it home for your reader Your topic sentence should summarize what you said in your thesis statement This suggests to your reader that you have This suggests to your reader ….
Jun 12, 2020 · Make sure that you have clearly stated your argument. In this case, the Author jumps immediately into helping the reader figure out what to do next. This is especially true when you are writing your essay in the very last minute. End with a call to action. How Has It Added to What is Known About the writing conclusions Subject? It must summarize the whole paper and explain its main purpose. These tips will help you check the conclusion and other parts of essays if they meet the specific recommendations or not. To ask questions or suggest ideas for. proquest publishing location First, they will read an informational text writing conclusions about photosynthesis. To stress the importance or relevance of …. Review of conclusions, with strategies and examples. Why is that important?" Your next sentence should explain why.
Always restate the chosen topic. Conclusions View in PDF Format Because the final paragraph plays such a key role in a paper, almost all writers struggle with writing conclusions. How to Write the Conclusion for a Persuasive Essay Describe the Stakes. Circulate as students work and offer support as needed. We Draw Conclusions - - Rock 2 the Core - K-5 Language - Duration: 2:11 Nov 15, 2019 · The conclusion is an integral part of the report; this is the section that reiterates the experiment’s main findings and gives the reader an overview of the lab trial. Writing Conclusions. As you grow as a writer, you might …. You also draw conclusions from your analysis of those results and then make …. Restatement of the thesis statement to bring the story full-circle, and to remind the reader of the main point of the story. 2 Conclude. Show what your final position is. In the next part of your conclusion, tell the reader whether or not your hypothesis was ….Our goal as teachers is to provide students with tools for writing effective conclusions through mentor texts, …. No matter how much of a killer your actual examination is, if you write a loose conclusion, you spoil the whole essence. Sort by: Step by step guide for writing a 5 paragraph essay Step by step interactive writing conclusions tutorial for writing a 5 paragraph essay. 3 Clarify. Write a conclusion with the Perfect Conclusion FIVE-C method that I outline below. Keep in mind Show the impact of argument and facts on everyday life to show the readers its effects and the possible solution in a. Let the reader know Summarize Your Position. Write to Top 204,322 views.
Although it is sometimes treated as a roundup of all of the bits that didn’t fit into the paper earlier, it deserves better treatment than that! Unfortunately, many of you are writing garbage, throwaway conclusions, and you don't even realize it Dec 16, 2013 · Since endings are " one of the most difficult parts of papers to write " (according to UNC's Writing Center), students need methodical, focused assistance in order to craft compelling conclusions. In a few words or sentences restate the matter and explain Remind main points of your research paper. The conclusion is not the place to present new facts (should be in the body of your essay), so conclusions don’t usually have references unless you come up with a ‘punchy’ quote from someone special as a final word. Use of emotion is forbidden in the conclusion. Instead of focusing …. And already very quickly you will get what you have been waiting for and you are pleased Review of conclusions, with strategies and examples. WHAT THE CONCLUSION PARAGRAPH DOES: It closes up your essay to leave your reader with everything clear and understood and with no questions left The topic section of your conclusion paragraph is supposed to paraphrase your thesis writing conclusions statement It is to …. A great conclusion answers the ‘so what?’ question. When it comes to writing academic papers, a concluding statement refers to an opinion, judgment, suggestion, or position arrived at by logical reasoning (through the arguments provided in the body of the text). If you don’t give enough time and thought to writing a conclusion because you see it as an insignificant aspect of …. This means you might want to show your readers how the Mention your thesis statement in the conclusion to put it together with the main body section points. The conclusion paragraph is what you end your essay or other paper with. Think of the main points as puzzle pieces, and the Do you remind. Allow the reader to …. Conclude an essay with one or more of the following: Include a brief summary of the paper's main points. Summarize Succinctly. Why is that important?" And so on Writing Conclusions : Writing : Third Grade English Language Arts Worksheets. Here are a few tips for rephrasing your thesis:. How to write Essay Conclusions | The 5 C’s Method (2020) 1 Close the loop. You have been furiously writing your essay for the past hour, and your hand is numb with exhaustion. This section also shouldn’t sound too dry. Call for some sort of action. university of texas at austin. Return to a statement you made in the introduction.Barbie® yavru köpek dostları için bir parti veriyor.
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Bebek tek başına ayakta duramaz.
Renkler ve süslemeler çeşitlilik gösterebilir.تصاویر جدیدی که از تمرینات بازیکنان تیم فوتبال بایرن مونیخ در دوحه منتشر شده است، راز موفقیت این تیم را نشان می دهد.
به گزارش دیلی میل، پپ گواردیولا از تابستان که هدایت بایرن مونیخ را بر عهده گرفته، مهر خود را حتی بر روی تمرینات این تیم هم زده است.
بازیکنان بایرن مونیخ که هم اکنون در تعطیلات زمستانی بوندس لیگا به دوحه رفته اند، تمرینات عجیبی را انجام می دهند که از لنز دوربین ها دور نمانده است.
تصاویری که عکاس ها از آنها منتشر کرده اند نشان می دهند، فرانک ریبری، ماریو مانژوکیچ، توماس مولر و دیگران ترکیبی از تمرین های سنتی و برخی تکنیک های نامتعارف را انجام می دهند.
بایرن مونیخ از روز 24 ژانویه مسابقات بوندس لیگا را با دیدار مقابل بوروسیا مونشن گلادباخ از سر می گیرد و پنج روز بعد به مصاف اشوتگارت خواهد رفت.
شاگردان گواردیولا هم اکنون با هفت امتیاز اختلاف نسبت به بایر لورکوزن، نزدیک ترین رقیب خود، صدرنشین جدول بوندس لیگا هستند.BARLAAM DI SEMINARA
SUL PRIMATO DEL PAPA
Nel 1334 Barlaam di Seminara, un Greco di Calabria che intorno al 1326 si era trasferito a Bisanzio, fu costretto ad uscire dalla tranquillità dei suoi studi universitari, ai quali si dedicava ormai da tempo, ed a salire sulla ribalta della Storia. Infatti, l'imperatore Andronico III aveva scelto lui per condurre il dialogo teologico con i rappresentanti papali, i vescovi Riccardo d'Inghilterra e Francesco da Camerino, frati domenicani missionari in Crimea, ai quali si aggiunse il vescovo missionario di Pechino, Nicola. Di contro alla renitenza, motivata da disillusione personale o da timore di impopolarità, degli altri membri della Chiesa greca a partecipare alle discussioni, Barlaam accettò con grande impegno questo incarico e, anche se i colloqui non portarono ad alcun avvicinamento tra le Chiese, gli diedero comunque l'occasione di comporre le sue opere contro le dottrine latine del Filioque e del primato del papa, che gli procurarono quel ruolo di protagonista che non abbandonò più.[1]
Di Barlaam abbiamo tre opuscoli greci sull'argomento del primato papale (un quarto è solo un abbozzo), convenzionalmente chiamati: A X , B VII ed il n° XIX (l'ultimo nella numerazione del Fabricius),[2] e composti appunto in occasione dei dialoghi teologici del 1334.[3] I trattati di Barlaam si inseriscono in una tradizione polemica bizantina consolidata che inizia dal secolo XII, quando i teologi greci cominciarono ad avvertire l'esistenza di un nuovo modo di concepire la Chiesa di cui la monarchia papale era l'effetto ed il compendio. Iniziarono così gradualmente ed in modo crescente ad inserire il tema del primato nei testi di polemica antilatina, ma fu Barlaam ad avere il merito di essere stato il primo a farne l'oggetto di uno specifico trattato teologico. Vi fu probabilmente spinto dall'atteggiamento dei teologi latini che spesso, quando si trovavano in difficoltà di fronte alle sue dimostrazioni, interrompevano la discussione sul Filioque, invocando l'infallibilità della Sede romana.[4] Le argomentazioni usate da Barlaam furono talmente efficaci che i suoi trattati vennero sfruttati abbondantemente dai Greci anche dopo la condanna del calabrese da parte della loro autorità ecclesiastica nel 1341.
La sua argomentazione partiva con la constatazione di una diversità quasi psicologica dei "Latini": il bisogno assoluto di avere qualcuno che garantisse la verità cristiana, un guardiano della fede. Per i Greci, invece, dato che l'autorità del magistero ecclesiastico consisteva nel fatto che esso insegnava e faceva rispettare regole e dogmi già stabiliti, del tutto inutile appariva la principale giustificazione funzionale della monarchia papale: quella di essere lo strumento sicuro dell'individuazione degli errori di fede. Infatti, essendo la fede cristiana già stata esplicitata, chiunque poteva rilevare l'eresia, individuandola direttamente nelle modifiche, nelle aggiunte e nelle sottrazioni operate nei confronti di quella stessa fede. Per Barlaam la promessa di eternità per la Chiesa fatta da Cristo: Le porte dell'inferno non prevarranno (Mt. 16:18) si riferiva al fatto che ci sarebbe sempre stata una Comunità cristiana (grande o piccola che fosse) che sarebbe rimasta attaccata indefettibilmente alla verità, piuttosto che ad una infallibilità della Comunità stessa.
L'argomentazione del calabrese, poi, evidenziando la confusione che si faceva tra la figura dell'apostolo e quella del vescovo, riprendeva un tema caratteristico della più antica patristica e rimasto vivo in Oriente: la differenza tra gli apostoli ed i vescovi consisteva nel fatto che i primi erano stati designati pastori e maestri del mondo intero ed avevano avuto il potere di nominare il proprio successore; i secondi, invece, erano i custodi di un gregge particolare e ad essi non era stato concesso di designare il proprio erede nella carica. In questo senso, non vi era stata alcuna successione apostolica e perciò, anche si vi fosse stato un apostolo più grande degli altri, come affermavano i Romani, il suo carisma personale non avrebbe avuto continuazione e successione.[5] D'altro canto, invece, l'episcopato nel suo insieme era l'erede in altre forme del carisma apostolico ed ogni vescovo era successore di Pietro e di tutti gli apostoli, fra loro uguali per natura, cioè dell'intero e indivisibile collegio apostolico. Sarebbe stato troppo al di sopra degli orizzonti culturali di Barlaam, andare oltre e recuperare ia teologia del II/III secolo di Ignazio di Antiochia (Magn. 6:1; 3:1-2; Tral. 3:1) e di Ippolito di Roma (Trad. Ap. 3) che vedeva nel vescovo soprattutto un altro Cristo e un'immagine del Padre. Se infatti il vescovo diventa un altro Pietro, "la struttura della Chiesa locale cessa di riflettere il Regno di Dio, con Cristo circondato dagli apostoli (=i presbiteri)".[6]
Per quello poi che riguardava l'esistenza di Chiese che venivano definite apostoliche, l'ecclesiologia orientale, basandosi sulla ripartizione del mondo cristiano in cinque patriarcati (la pentarchia), individuava questo carattere non nella fondazione diretta della Chiesa locale da parte di un apostolo, ma nel fatto che ad essa era stato affidato il ministero di un potere ecumenico (=apostolico) sulle altre.[7] In Occidente invece, già dal V secolo l'identificazione tra apostoli e vescovi era un fatto compiuto e gli apostoli fondatori furono considerati i primi vescovi di quella determinata Chiesa.[8]
L'idea dell'uguaglianza di tutti i vescovi tra loro fu definita da Barlaam con una sua originale dimostrazione, che lo differenziava da tutti gli altri polemisti bizantini: era l'argomento più ortodosso di tutti perché era l'argomento carismatico o sacramentale, che non riconosceva, appunto, l'esistenza di carismi istituzionali non contemplati e non originati dai sacramenti della Chiesa. Basandosi sulla testimonianza di Dionigi l'Areopagita, egli evidenziava come la tradizione apostolica che si era concretizzata nei libri liturgici di tutte le Chiese, compresi quindi anche i sacramentari dell'antica Chiesa romana, non conosceva un'ordinazione ministeriale superiore al vescovo; la gerarchia sacerdotale in senso ascendente era sempre questa: diacono, prete, vescovo. Non era mai esistito un sacramento per la consacrazione del papa e dunque il papa non esisteva per diritto divino, così come non esistevano i patriarchi, i metropoliti, e tutti gli altri titoli e funzioni assenti nell'originaria gerarchia della Chiesa. Essi non derivavano dal Vangelo, né dalla tradizione apostolica: erano aggiunte umane, storiche che, consapevoli di essere prive di una sanzione carismatica e sacramentale, avevano cercato di creare cerimonie parasacramentali come incoronazioni, intronizzazioni, eccetera. A corollario di questo argomento, Barlaam aggiungeva che il vescovo di Roma non poteva godere di un carisma superiore agli altri vescovi, visto che necessariamente proprio da essi doveva ricevere la consacrazione.
Invece, la tesi di Barlaam, comune a tutta la polemistica bizantina contro il primato, che datava alla conversione dell'Impero romano ed alla legislazione dei sovrani cristiani l'origine storica del ministero "apostolico" della Chiesa romana, pur avendo ragione nel collegare all'esistenza dell'Impero la nascita del fenomeno, nell'aspetto secondario della collocazione cronologica non teneva conto delle testimonianze precostantiniane su questo argomento.
Infatti, il "primato" della Chiesa madre di Gerusalemme, modello non esportabile di ascetismo comunitario e veterotestamentario, guidata da Giacomo il giusto, un fratello di Gesù che non aveva mai fatto parte dei Dodici, era cessato nel 66/70, con il durissimo colpo inferto alla comunità giudeocristiana dalla catastrofe della guerra. Fu inevitabile, allora, che una compagine religiosa dal nome ecclesia romana ottenesse il posto più prestigioso tra le Chiese cristiane dell'impero romano.
Un padre della Chiesa del II secolo: Ireneo di Lione, attribuiva alla Chiesa di Roma l'autorità più importante,[9] ma al tempo stesso respingeva decisamente la strumentalizzazione del prestigio di Roma capitale e delle tombe degli apostoli per privare della libertà le altre Chiese. Per lui i vescovi di Roma potevano pretendere obbedienza solo dai fedeli che stavano presso di loro.[10] Nel III secolo poi, di fronte ad un'interpretazione del primato della Chiesa della capitale come superiorità carismatica, gli altri esponenti dell'episcopato come Cipriano di Cartagine e Firmiliano di Cesarea di Cappadocia, senza alcuna remora ed atteggiamento reverenziale, negarono l'esistenza di un magistero particolare della Chiesa di Roma e del suo vescovo: Infatti Pietro, che il Signore scelse per primo e sul quale edificò la sua Chiesa...non riservò a sé stesso in maniera insolente la competenza su qualcosa o non fece mostra d'arroganza dicendo di possedere un primato..; Ci si può rendere conto che i Romani non osservano in tutto le tradizioni originarie ed invano si appellano all'autorità degli apostoli perché, in ciò che riguarda la celebrazione delle feste pasquali e molti altri aspetti del culto divino, è evidente che presso
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kararlıdır. 7 ESU satın alan müşterilerin sorunlarını gidermek için en iyi çabayı Windows sağlarız.
ESU kapsamındaki bir ürün için destek talepte olduğunda müşterilerin ne tür bir yanıt beklemesi gerekir?
Premier Destek planları olan VL müşterileri ve CSP doğrudan ortakları için beklentileri aşağıdaki gibidir.
Internet Explorer 11, Windows 7 ESU kapsamında mı?
Evet. Internet Explorer 11, 7 ESU'dan Windows güncelleştirmeleri alır.
7 ESU satın alan müşterilere güvenlik güncelleştirmeleri Windows teslim edilecektir?
Windows 7 için güvenlik güncelleştirmeleri, her ayın ikinci Salı günü ESU müşterilerine yayımlanacak. Herhangi bir ay için Windows 7 için Kritik veya Önemli güncelleştirme yoksa (Microsoft Güvenlik Yanıt Merkezi tarafından öngörülen) bu güncelleştirme döngüsünde ESU güncelleştirmesi olmayacaktır. Döngü dışı güvenlik güncelleştirmesi gerekli kabul edilirse, Windows 7 ESU müşterisi güncelleştirmeyi normal aylık tempo dışında alır.
Windows 7 ESU için güvenlik güncelleştirmeleri bildirimi var mı?
Hayır. Şu anda 7 ESU'ya güncelleştirme Windows bildirim yok. Ancak, eski güncelleştirmelerin ayrıntılarını 7 SP1 ve Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1 Windows geçmişinde görüntüebilirsiniz.
7 ESU'da verilen belirli güvenlik güncelleştirmeleri hakkında nereden Windows bilgi edinim?
ESU güncelleştirmeleri de dahil olmak üzere Windows 7 SP1 güncelleştirmelerinin tam listesi Windows 7 SP1 ve Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1 güncelleştirme geçmişi'nde mevcuttur.
ESU dağıtımı
ESU'nun dağıtımı için önkoşullar var mı?
Evet. Bir müşteri ESU'nun dağıtımı öncesinde Uygun ve uygun cihazlar için Genişletilmiş Güvenlik Güncelleştirmeleri alma Windows almaları gerekir. Bu gönderide, tüm önkoşulların ayrıntılı açıklamaları ve dağıtım için ayrıntılı yönergeler yer almaktadır.
Kuruluşlar 7 ESU MAK anahtarını Windows ve etkinleştirsin mi?
Windows 7 ESU Çoklu Etkinleştirme Anahtarı 'ni (MAK) yükleme ve etkinleştirme yönergeleri ve satın alma hakkında daha fazla bilgi için bkz. Uygun cihazlar için Genişletilmiş Güvenlik Güncelleştirmeleri Windows.
Şirket içi Active Directory etki alanındaki Windows 7 ESU MAK anahtarlarını birden çok cihaza yükleme ve etkinleştirme hakkında daha fazla bilgi için aşağıdaki makaleye bakın:
Not
MAK tuşlarının yüklemesi, ESU alma olanağını da ekler. Geçerli ürün etkinleştirme anahtarının (örneğin OEM, KMS) yerini değiştirmez ve sistemi yeniden etkinleştirmez. Kuruluşların her yıl ESU dağıtımı için yeni bir MAK anahtarı yüklemeleri gerekir.
2. Yıl anahtarını Windows için Windows 7 ESU Yıl 1 MAK anahtarını kaldırmam gerekiyor mu?
Hayır. 2. Yıl anahtarını yüklemek için 1. Yıl anahtarında hiçbir şey yapılmasına gerek yoktur. 2. Yıl yükleme işlemi 1. Yıl ile aynıdır (yukarıdaki soruya bakın).
Cihaza Windows 1 Yıl anahtarı yüklüyse, 12 Ocak 2021'den sonra cihaza 7 ESU Yıl 1 güncelleştirmesi uygulanabilir mi?
Evet, güncelleştirmeler herhangi bir zamanda yüklensin. Bu sayede bir cihaza 1. Yıl anahtarı yüklenir ve etkinleştirilirken mevcut düzeltme eki uygulama işleminizi sürdürebilirsiniz. 2. Yıl ve 3. Yıl için de aynı durum geçerlidir. Daha fazla bilgi için bkz. Üç yeni ESU SK'Windows tarihleri nedir?
ESU Lisans Hazırlık Paketleri neden gereklidir?
Windows Server 2008 SP2 için Genişletilmiş Güvenlik Güncelleştirmeleri (ESU) Lisans Hazırlık Paketleri (Windows 7 SP1 ve Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1 için Genişletilmiş Güvenlik Güncelleştirmeleri (ESU) Lisanslama Hazırlık Paketi (ESU) Lisanslama Hazırlık Paketi ) büyük bir önizleme müşterisi popülasyonu kullanarak test ederken ve değerlendirirken tanımlamız etkinleştirme deneyimi gereksinimlerini karşılar. ESU Lisans Hazırlık Paketlerini 11 Şubat 2020'de şu tarihlerine tamamladık:
- İleride tutarlı bir kullanıcı deneyimi sağlama
- paket yükleme sayısını en aza indirme
- genel müşteri aksaklıklarını azaltma
Microsoft, toplu lisanslama (VL) aracılığıyla satın alan kuruluşlara ESU'yı nasıl sunacak?
Şirket içi dağıtımları yönetmek için toplu lisanslama (VL) kullanan bir kuruluş, ESU'yı ele alan cihazlara dağıtmak için VL kullanabilir. Bir kuruluş 7 ESU Windows satın geldiğinde, Microsoft VLSC'de bir MAK anahtarı sağlar. Bu MAK anahtarı Windows 7 etkinleştirme anahtarından bağımsızdır ve var olan Anahtar Yönetim Sunucusu (KMS) işletim sistemi etkinleştirme dağıtımını engellemez.
Yöneticiler VLSC'de LicensesRelationship > Summary[Licensing ID > ]Ürün Anahtarları'ni seçerek anahtara > erişim sair.
Not
Bu yolda, [Lisans Kimliği] , kuruluşun lisans kimliğini ifade eder.
Ürün anahtarı listesi, 7 Ext Security Year 1 MAK Windows ESU anahtarını içerir. Kuruluşlar yeni MAK anahtarını ve önkoşul olan hizmet yığını güncelleştirmelerini ilgili cihazlara dağıtabilirsiniz, ardından Windows Update, Windows Server Update Services (WSUS) veya kuruluşun tercih ettiği herhangi bir güncelleştirme yönetim çözümünü kullanarak ESU'nun dağıtımı için tipik güncelleştirme ve hizmet stratejilerini kullanmaya devam eder. Ayrıca, kuruluşların Azure Stack'i güncelleştirmek için bu süreci izlemesi gerekir. VL müşterileri için MAK kullanma hakkında daha fazla bilgi için VLSC Ürün Anahtarları hakkında SSS'ye bakın.
ESU'nun kullanılabilir olduğu üç yılda bir kuruluşlar için yeni bir MAK anahtarı gerekir mi?
Evet. Kuruluşların üç yılda bir yeni anahtar satın almaları, yüklemeleri ve etkinleştirmeleri gerekir.
ESU anahtarımın süresinin ne zaman dolacaklarını nasıl belirlerim?
Yıllık ESU MAK tuşlarının süresi dolmaz. Bununla birlikte, cihazın güncelleştirmeleri belirlenen zaman dilimi dışında yüklemesini etkinleştirmezler. Örneğin, yalnızca Yıl 1 ESU MAK anahtarının olduğu bir cihaz, 1 Yıl zaman çerçevesi sona erdikten sonra bile 1 Yıl boyunca kullanılabilen güncelleştirmeleri yüklemeye devam edecektir. Ancak 2. Yıl'da başka güncelleştirme almaz.
Kuruluş ESU'ya Windows 7'yi yeniden yüklemek zorunda olursa, ek ESU etkinleştirmesi nasıl yönetilir?
- İş Ortağı aracılığıyla ESU satın alan kuruluşların ek etkinleştirmeleri almak için İş Ortağına gitmeleri gerekir.
- Bu isteği yapmak için VLSC aracılığıyla ESU satın alan kuruluşların bir VLSC destek talebi açması gerekir.
Genişletilmiş Güvenlik Güncelleştirmeleri için hangi teslim seçenekleri kullanılabilir?
ESU, aşağıdakiler de dahil olmak üzere tüm normal güncelleştirme teslim kanalları aracılığıyla teslim edilir:
- Yapılandırma Yöneticisi (geçerli dal, sürüm 1910 veya sonrası)
- Windows Güncelleştirmesi (WU)
- Windows Server Update Service (WSUS)
- Microsoft Update Kataloğu
Güncelleştirme, uç noktada MAK etkinleştirmesiniecek şekilde programlanmıştır ve MAK anahtarıyla birlikte yalnızca bu sistemlere yüklenir. Genişletilmiş Güvenlik Güncelleştirmeleri ve Yapılandırma Yöneticisi hakkında daha fazla bilgi alın.
Not
ESU Lisans Hazırlık Paketleri (Windows 7 SP1 ve Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1 için Genişletilmiş Güvenlik Güncelleştirmeleri (ESU) Lisanslama Hazırlık Paketi ve Windows Server 2008 SP2 için Genişletilmiş Güvenlik Güncelleştirmeleri (ESU) Lisanslama Hazırlık Paketi, Windows Update dışında daha önce sözü edilen tüm kanallarda kullanılabilir.
ESU kapsamındaki işletim sistemi resimlerine çevrimdışı bakım kullanılabilir mi?
Hayır. Windows 7 ve Windows Server 2008 için ESU için çevrimiçi bakım (resimleri değiştirmek için denetim modunu kullanma) gerekir.
ESU güncelleştirmeleri çevrimdışı hizmet modunda destek desteklemez. Çevrimdışı hizmet modunda ESU'nun uygulanması hataya neden olur ve güncelleştirmeler başarısız olur.
Müşteri, ESU MAK anahtarında kalan etkinleştirmelerin kaç tane olduğunu nasıl öğrenebilir?
Müşteriler mak anahtarında kalan etkinleştirmeleri belirlemek için şu yöntemi Toplu Etkinleştirme Yönetim Aracı VAMT:
- Başlat'VAMT.
- Gezinti bölmesinde Ürün Anahtarları düğümünü seçin.
- Orta bölmede, "ESU Eklenti MAK" anahtarını bulun. Kalan etkinleştirme sayısı Kalan Etkinleştirme Sayısı sütununda görüntülenir.
Bu VAMT bir sanal istemcide çalıştır?
Evet.
VAMT, Windows 7 ESU dağıtımı için sanal bir istemcide çalıştırıldısa, VAMT ana makine tüm Windows 7 istemcilerini etkinleştirdikten sonra çalışır kalmak zorunda mı yoksa devre dışı mı alınsın?
Ana VAMT VM, Windows 7 ESU istemcilerini etkinleştirdikten sonra devre dışı olabilir.
ESU MAK anahtarı kullanılarak kullanılabilen etkinleştirme sayısı sınırlandır mı?
Evet. Kullanılabilir etkinleştirme sayısı, müşterinin satın aldığınız lisans sayısına ve o müşterinin belirli lisans sözleşmesi koşullarına bağlıdır.
VLSC'de gösterilen etkinleştirme sayısı, kuruluşlarımızın satın alma sayısından daha azdır. Doğru numarayı nasıl talep olabilirim?
- VLSC giriş sayfasında Bize Ulaşın'ı seçin.
- Bölgenizi seçin ve sonra da İletişim Bilgileri bölümünde Destek Web Formu'seçin .
- Formda, gerekli bilgileri doldurun.
Kuruluşun ek ESU etkinleştirmeleri gerekirse (örneğin, ESU'nun 7'yi yeniden yüklemesi veya bir cihazı yeniden yüklemesi Windows), bu ek etkinleştirmeler nasıl yönetilecek?
Toplu lisanslama aracılığıyla ESU satın alan kuruluşlar, VLSC aracılığıyla ek etkinleştirmeler talep gerektirir:
- VLSC giriş sayfasında Bize Ulaşın'ı seçin.
- Bölgenizi seçin ve sonra da İletişim Bilgileri bölümünde Destek Web Formu'seçin .
- Formda gerekli bilgileri doldurun.
CSP aracılığıyla ESU satın alan çoğu kuruluşun ek etkinleştirme talep etmek zorunda olmaması gerekir. Ek etkinleştirmelerin gerekli olduğu olağanüstü senaryolar için, iş ortakları destek isteği açmak üzere İş Ortağı Merkezi'ni kullanmaları gerekir.
Müşteriler telefon üzerinden Windows 7 ESU'ya etkinleştirsin mi?
Evet. Ayrıntılı yönergeler için bkz. Uygun güvenlik cihazları için Genişletilmiş Güvenlik Windows alma.
Windows 7 için ESU Eklenmiş
ESU Windows eklenmiş 7 ürün var mı?
Evet, eklenmiş cihazlar için özel olarak bir ESU programı vardır. Bu program şunları içerir:
Windows 7 için ESU Eklenmiş, Katıştırılmış Sistemler için Windows Server 2008 R2 ve Ekli Sistemler için Microsoft SQL Server 2008 R2'yi de içerir. Ekli tüm ESU isteklerini cihazın orijinal donanım üreticisine (OEM) yönlendirin.
Ekli ESU programı hakkında daha fazla bilgiyi nerede bulamıyorum?
7 Eklenmiş ESU ile ilgili tüm Windows için OEM'nize ulaşın.
CSP aracılığıyla veya toplu lisanslama Windows Eklenmiş Standart 7 için ESU neden kullanılamıyor?
Windows Standart 7, yalnızca eklenmiş bir işletim sistemidir ve OEM'ler tarafından özel olarak kullanılabilir.
Ekli Standart 7'den Windows ESU'nun maliyeti ne kadardır?
ESU fiyatlandırması için OEM'nize ulaşın.
13 Ekim 2020'den Windows Standard 7'ye sahip müşterimin cihazları korunacak mı?
Güvenlik güncelleştirmeleri kullanılabilir olduğunda, Microsoft bu aylık sürümü her ayın ikinci Salı günü yayımlar. 14 Ekim 2020 ile 9 Kasım 2020 arasında yayınlanan kritik veya önemli bir güncelleştirme yoksa, bu cihazlar Microsoft'un en güncel güvenlik güncelleştirmelerine sahip olur. Bununla birlikte, 10 Kasım 2020 güvenlik güncelleştirmeleri yayım geldiğinde, WES çalıştıran cihazlar korunmayacak ve güvenlik riski ile karşılanıyor.
"Kritik" ve "önemli" güncelleştirmeler nasıl tanımlanır?
Güvenlik güncelleştirmesi derecelendirmeleri hakkında daha fazla bilgi için Microsoft Güvenlik Yanıt Merkezi (MSRC) ziyaret edin: https://aka.ms/msrc_ratings.[ad_1]
این روزها از تغییرات اقلیمی و پیامدهای زیانبار آن در خبرها زیاد می شنویم میانگین شرایط جوی هر منطقه جغرافیایی در سالیان متمادی اقلیم منطقه را شکل می دهد
تغییر اقلیم پدیده ای است که پیامدهای آن به بروز دگرگونی عمده در شرایط جوی معمول می انجامد. این دگرگونی یک شبه اتفاق نمی افتد؛ بلکه دهه ها طول می کشد تا شرایط جوی یک منطقه از وضعیت معمول فاصله بگیرد.
دو اصطلاح تغییرات اقلیمی و گرمایش جهانی در اغلب مواقع به اشتباه به جای یکدیگر به کار می روند، این در حالی است که گرمایش جهانی (افزایش میانگین دمای نزدیک سطح زمین) فقط نمونه ای از پیامدهای تغییر اقلیم به شمار می رود.
تغییرات اقلیمی در قالب انبوهی بی شمار از پدیده های مختلف، از سیلاب ها و توفان های سهمگین گرفته تا افزایش دمای غیرمعمول ظاهر می شود و زندگی میلیون ها میلیون موجود زنده را به خطر می اندازد.
در ادامه با ما همراه باشید تا به بررسی عوامل و پیامدهای این آشفتگی های جوی بپردازیم که بقای تمام جنبندگان زمین را به چالش کشیده است.
تغییرات اقلیمی چطور رخ می دهد؟
ساز و کار سیستم آب و هوایی زمین ساده و قابل درک است. وقتی انرژی تابشی خورشید در برخورد با زمین یا ترکیبات جوی (مانند ابر یا بلورهای یخ) در فضا منعکس و پراکنده می شود یا وقتی اتمسفر زمین انرژی آزاد می کند، زمین خنک تر می شود، اما چنانچه زمین انرژی تابشی خورشید را جذب کند یا گازهای اتمسفری مانع آزادسازی و انعکاس گرمای زمین در محیط شوند (همان اثر گازهای گلخانه ای)، زمین رو به گرم تر شدن خواهد رفت. مجموعه وسیعی از عوامل طبیعی و انسانی می توانند موجب برهم زدن تعادل سیستم آب و هوایی زمین شوند.
عوامل طبیعی تغییرات اقلیمی
می دانیم که زمین در گذشته های بسیار دور، خیلی قبل تر از پیدایش انسان، در دوران تقریبا مشخصی بی اندازه سرد یا گرم شده است. بارزترین عوامل طبیعی تغییرات اقلیمی که گاه به ساکنان زمین تحمیل می شوند عبارتند از تشدید تابش خورشید، فوران های آتشفشانی و نیز تغییراتی که بدون دخالت های انسانی در غلظت گازهای گلخانه ای رخ می دهند.
سوابق آب و هوایی زمین نشان می دهد روند گرم تر شدن زمین، بویژه از اواسط قرن بیستم، در مقایسه با گذشته به طرزی بی سابقه سرعت گرفته است، طوری که این افزایش سرعت نمی تواند فقط از عوامل طبیعی ناشی شده باشد.
طبق گزارش ناسا، عوامل طبیعی نام برده هنوز هم در تغییرات آب و هوایی زمین نقش دارند، اما تأثیر این عوامل اندک است و همچنین این قدر تدریجی اتفاق می افتند که به تنهایی قادر به توجیه افزایش سرعت گرم تر شدن زمین در دهه های اخیر نیستند.
عوامل انسانی تغییرات اقلیمی
فعالیت های انسانی تولیدکننده گازهای گلخانه ای در صدر جدول عوامل غیرطبیعی تغییرات اقلیمی قرار دارند. گازهای گلخانه ای در غلظت طبیعی موجب می شود گرمای زمین در حد زیست پذیری باقی بماند، اما غلظت فعلی گازهای گلخانه ای در چند دهه اخیر به سرعت بالا رفته است.
به گفته مجمع بین المللی تغییرات اقلیمی (IPCC)، غلظت فعلی دی اکسیدکربن، متان و اکسید نیتروژن در جو حداقل در مقایسه با 800 هزار سال گذشته بی سابقه است. گفته می شود غلظت دی اکسیدکربن، عامل اصلی تغییرات آب و هوایی زمین با صنعتی شدن جوامع انسانی به میزان 40 درصد افزایش یافته است.
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ları ve 1 atölyesi) var. Aynı yılın Kasım-Aralık döneminde, 18 makineleri talep edildi.
O zamanlar Petrograd'da astronotların şimdikinden çok daha az şoförü vardı, "krala hizmet etseler bile" tanrı olarak algılandılar. Bu nedenle, kendinden tahrikli mekanizmaları sürmek ve tamir etmek, en önemlisi olmasa da, yeni ortaya çıkan Sovyetler Ülkesinin ilk kişilerin korunmasının yörüngesine girmek için yeterliydi.
Bunlar o zaman bizim için en önemli iki özellik: Birincisi, devrimci kentin endişe verici, tehlikeli durumu ve ikincisi, genç Sovyetler Cumhuriyetinin ilk güç koridorlarının korunmasına emanet edilenlerin yetenekleri.
Ve dünya proletaryasının liderinin kendi güvenliğine karşı tutumu oldukça belirsizdi. Ekim 27 1917’te, Lenin kişisel olarak “nöbetçinin SNK başkanlığında görevini” yazdı. Talimat okumak:
1 «. İnsanların komisyon üyeleri dışında hiç kimseyi kaçırmayın (eğer mesajcı şahsen onları tanımıyorsa, bilet talep etmelidir, yani onlardan kimlik istemek zorundadır).
2. Diğerlerinden, kağıda kendi adlarını ve kısaca ziyaretin amacını yazmasını talep etmeleri istenir. Haberci bu notu başkanına vermeli ve izni olmadan odaya kimsenin girmesine izin vermemelidir.
3. Odada kimse olmadığında, telefon görüşmelerini dinlemek ve sekreterlerin herhangi birini telefona davet etmek için kapıyı açık tutun.
4. Sandalyenin odasında biri olduğunda, kapıyı daima kapalı tut. ”
N.I. kitabında Zubov'un "Lenin'i korudukları" da ayrıca Ekim 28 Lenin’in V.D. Bonch-Bruevich, Halk Komiserlerinin bulunduğu binanın bir bölümünü şahsen denetledi. Vladimir Ilyich, Smolny'nin korunmasında temel bir gelişme önerdi. Özellikle, iki makineli tüfek, Halk Komiserleri Sekreteryası'nın pencerelerinde (VI. Lenin'in çalışmasına açılan kapının önünde) duruyordu. İlyiç ofisinin girişinde Kırmızı Muhafızlar 24 saat görev başındaydı. (Bkz: N. Zubov. Lenin'i korudular. M., 1981, s. 67 - 68.)
Daha sonra, Devrimci Askeri Komite kararnamesi ile ilk personel özel birimi, Letonyalı tüfeğin çeşitli alaylarından kuruldu. Ancak kişisel korunma ile ilgisi yoktu. Komutan Malkov'un koruyucusu gibi, Letonyalı tüfekler de Lenin’i değil Smolny’nin koridorlarını korudu ve güvenlik uzmanları da değildi.
Ve liderin kendisi güvenliği hakkında ciddi bir şekilde düşünüyor mu? Stepan Gil şöyle hatırladı: “Günde birkaç kez Vladimir İlyiç'in hayatı ölümcül bir tehlike altındaydı. Bu tehlike, Vladimir Ilyich'in kategorik olarak her türlü korumayı reddetmesi nedeniyle ağırlaştı. Kendini taşırken, asla bir silah taşımamıştı (hiç vurmadığı küçücük bir esmerleşme dışında) ve kendimi silahlandırmamamı istedi. Bir gün, kılıfımda kemerimin üzerinde bir tabanca gördüğümde, nazikçe, ama oldukça kararlı bir şekilde şöyle dedi: “Neden bu şeye ihtiyacın var Yoldaş Gil? Al onu! ”Ancak, Vladimir İlyiç'ten dikkatlice saklasam da, tabancayı da yanımda taşımaya devam ettim.”
Pavel Malkov daha sonra şunları söyledi: “Genel olarak, Kaplan'ın talihsiz suikast girişimine kadar, Ilyich her yere gitti ve tek başına yolculuk etti, kategorik olarak gardiyanlar tarafından eşlik edilmesine karşı çıktı” ...
Lenin'in kişisel güvenliğiyle ilgili sorularına bu tutumu ne açıklar?
Gençlerin liderleri henüz ülkeler değil, cumhuriyetlerin kişisel güvenliğin ne anlama geldiğine dair hiçbir fikri yoktu. Hiçbiri korunan bir insan olmamıştı. Yeraltı işçiliği deneyimi, doğal olarak hedeflerine ulaşan devrimcilerin dünya görüşlerini etkiledi. Onlar yenilmez, yenilmez, daha zeki, daha dürüst ve dünyadaki her şeyden daha doğru, ortak iyi, genel mutluluk ve elbette bir sonraki dünya devrimi uğruna tehlikeyi küçümsüyorlar.
Bodyguard? Ve bu nedir? Bu çar satrap halkın gazabından korkuyordu ve bu nedenle “gizli servisini” koruyordu. Ve korkacak insanların mutluluğu için gerçek savaşçılar? Fransız asıllı meslektaşı Marat'ın kendi banyosunda bıçakla bıçaklanan “gençlerden gelen insanlar” Charlotte Korde'nin tecrübesi, elindeki günlük devrimci çalışmaların arka planında dikkate alınmadı. Ya da belki Bolşevikler, büyük Fransız Devrimi'nin tarihini okumayı, iktidarı ve ilk reformları geçmenin, doğrudan Marx'a gitmeyi bitiremediler.
Sadece dünya proletaryasının liderinin değil, aynı zamanda parti arkadaşlarının da sert gerçeğe gözünü açacak bir dava henüz yaşanmamıştır. Yani, özellikle hedefe ateş etmek.
Güvenlik konularında, V.I. Lenin, Rus imparatorlarının örneğini aldı.
Cheka - OGPU: 1917-1924
Cheka'nın doğuşu
Fakat Lenin'i korumak için o zaman zaten kimdendi. Ve sadece liderin kendisi değil, arabaları. Lenin'in ilk arabası lüks bir Fransız Turcat-Mery 28 1915 piyasaya sunulduğu yıl oldu. Aralık ayında, 1917, bu araba cesurca çalındı ... sağ Smolny bahçesinden, sürücünün çay içmeye gitmiş olması gerçeğinden yararlanarak. En iyi güvenlik görevlileri bir araba aramaya başladılar ve birkaç gün sonra itfaiye garajındaki Finlandiya sınırında bulundu. Sosyal Devrimciler Üzerine Düşünceler. Sadece, ortaya çıktığı gibi, başka bir "kontra" araba kaçırdı - kaçakçılar. Yani, liderin hayatında hiçbir girişim olmadı. Smolny'deki yoldaşlarının bakış açısına göre bu, "devrimci mülk hırsızlığının hırsızlık meselesi" idi.
Elbette, Lenin'in arabasının çalınması, diğer rahatsız edici olayların denizindeki bir düşüşdü. Genel huzursuzluk ve ilan edilen beyaz terör, partinin başkanlık ettiği Felix Dzerzhinsky'yi emanet ettiği All-Russian Acil Durum Komisyonunu yaratması için yılın 20'in Bolşevikleri 1917'ini zorladı. Sadece durum açısından değil aynı zamanda otorite açısından da acil bir durumdu. Daha sonra, Abram Yakovlevich Belenky'nin önderliğinde Cheka çerçevesinde özel bir güvenlik grubu oluşturuldu (1919'tan Lenin'in güvenlik şefi olan 1924'e). Genel güvenlik işlevlerini, sürveyans işlevini yerine getirdiler, haydutluğa ve spekülasyonlara karşı savaştılar.
Petrograd'ta devrimin liderinin hayatının rahatsız edici olduğunu söylemek, hiçbir şey söylememekti. Her yere vurdu. İşte bu konuda arşivlerin söyledikleri: “... Ocak 1 1918, V.I. Mikhailovski'de Lenin Alman cephesine giden askerlerin önündeki modacıda, Lenin'in Smolny yolundaki arabası ateşlendi. Sürücü Gorokhovik manevraları trajik sonuçlardan kaçınabildi. ”
Araba ve sürücü zaten farklıydı. Turcat-Mery 28 iade edildiğinde, Lenin içinde oturmayı reddetti ve aynı imparatorluk garajından başka bir Fransız limuzin olan Delaunay Belleville 45'e taşındı. Ilyich'e kız kardeşi Maria Ulyanova ve İsviçreli sosyal demokrat Platten eşlik etti. Lenin'in hayatını başını koltuğa doğru eğerek kolundan yaralayarak geçirmesi mümkündür. Araba gövdesi kurşunlarla doluydu. Daha sonra, yurtdışından gelen göçmen Prens Shakhovskoy, saldırıyı o organize ettiğini iddia etti.
Aynı Ocak ayında, V.D. ile bir randevu Bonch-Bruyevich, belli bir asker Spiridonov tarafından itiraf edildi ve kendisine St. George Cavaliers Birliği'nin komplolarına katıldığını ve Lenin'e tasfiye etme görevi verildiğini bildirdi. Ocak ayının gecesi 22, taze organize edilmiş bir Cheka tüm komplocuları tutukladı.
Mart ayında, 1918, Lenin ve onun yoldaşları, gardiyanlar ve filolarla birlikte, Petrograd'dan Moskova Kremlin'e taşındı. Smolny'ye benzetilerek, aynı Pavel Malkov başkanlığında Moskova Kremlin komutanlığı Ofisi kuruldu. İdare korumaya değil, Moskova askeri bölgesinin bir sektörü olarak askeri birime bağlıydı.
Mayıs ayında 24 1918, Cheka'nın kursları düzenlendi ve tüm başvuru sahipleri Cheka'da en az altı ay hizmet verecekleri bir abonelik vermek zorunda kaldı. Kursların oluşturulmasıyla bağlantılı olarak, kraliyet uzmanlarının iş tecrübelerinin kullanımına ilk yaklaşım revize edilmiştir. Bu memurlardan biri, ayrı bir jandarma ordusunun eski komutanı General V.F. Dzerzhinsky'nin kendisinin konuşması için davet ettiği Dzhunkovsky (1865 - 1938). Daha sonra, Dzhunkovsky tanınmış operasyon "Güven" operasyonuna katıldı. 1932'e katılımıyla pasaport rejimi ile ilgili düzenlemeler de geliştirilmiştir. Ve bir başka ilginç ayrıntı: eski jandarma generalin istifası sonrasında Sovyet hükümeti ona ayda bir 3270 ruble emekli maaşı ödedi ...
Kızıl Meydan'daki V. Lenin konuşması. Fotoğraf: wikimedia.org
Hükümetin Moskova'ya taşınmasından altı aydan kısa bir süre sonra kişisel güvenlikle ilgili devrimci bilinç ciddi biçimde değişti. Petrograd'daki 30 Ağustos sabahı Petrograd Cheka'nın başkanı Moses Uritzky öldürüldü. Aynı gün, Lenin, Fanny Kaplan'ın onu birkaç metre mesafeden vurduğu Michelson fabrikasına geldi.
Bundan sonra, Merkez Yürütme Komitesi, o zaman Sovyet hükümetinin en yüksek organı olan Kızıl Terör’ü açıklar ve hükümetin (Halk Komiserleri Konseyi) yılın 5’i hükümeti ilgili kararnameyi imzalar. Kişisel korunma sorunları devlet seviyesine çıkarılmıştır.
Yılın Eylül ayındaki 1918’inde, Cheka’nın operasyonel bölümünden oluşan ve 20’e kadar olan kişileri içeren Lenin’in gizli görevlilerinden oluşan bir operasyon grubu oluşturuldu. Dzerzhinsky, bu gruptaki savaşçıları bizzat seçti, Cheka'dan ilk küratörü Letonyalı Jacob Christoforovich Peters (Fanny X Nisan 2011'de, Mart 25'in Mart 1938'inde rehabilite edilen), yılın Nisan 3'inde 1956'i vurdu. Grubun ilk başkanı R.M.
Birimin savaşçılarından biri olan Petr Ptashinsky, Gorki'deki güvenlik hizmetinin başlangıcını hatırlattı: “İlk başta, nasıl davranacağımızı gerçekten anlamadık. Anlayışımızda korumak, mülk dışında kimseye izin vermemek anlamına geliyordu. Bu nedenle, her birimiz V.I.'ye yakın olmak istedik. Lenin. Ve gözleri olmadan gözlerinin önünden geçti. Açıkçası, bu, mülk çevresinde yürüdüğü süreçte onunla karşılaşmamız gerekenden daha sık olduğumuz gerçeğine yol açtı. ”
Korumanın aşırı gayreti, bir zamanlar şöyle diyen Lenin’in hoşnutsuzluğuna yol açtı: “Devrim, her askere ihtiyaç duyuyor ve burada 20 sağlıklı adamları benim insanımın etrafında boş duruyor”. Jacob Peters'a her adımının kontrol edildiğini bile kınıyordu. Ancak Peters ve Dzerzhinsky, Merkez Komitesinin kararına atıfta bulundular.
Yayın numarası 27
Aralık ayında 1918, cepheye bir Letonya tüfeği alayı gönderildi. Bunların yerine, L.G. başkanlığındaki Moskova makineli tüfek kurslarının 1'lerinin öğrencileri Kremlin'i korumaya başladı. Alexandrov.
“Öğrenciler hem kapıları, hem duvarları hem de tüm Kremlin bölgesini korudu” diyen öğrencilerden biri olan Mihail Zotov'u hatırlıyor. “Ancak hükümet binasının ve özellikle de Lenin apartmanının korunmasına yönelik koruma binası en şerefli ve sorumlu meseleydi.”
Öğrenciler üç vardiya halinde koruma görevini üstlendiler. İki saat bekletildi. İkinci katta, merdivenlerden güvenlik görevlisi de oturuyordu (Biz korunduk, M. Zotov şaka yaptı). Gardiyan, zemin kattaydı, kıyafet yukarı gidiyordu. Kremlin öğrencilerinin en yaygın ihlali asansörü ikinci kata çıkarmaktı: asansör daha sonra herkes için bir harikaydı ve genç köy çocukları elbette binmek istedi. Bunun için şiddetle cezalandırıldılar, ama daha az binmek isteyenler gelemedi ...
Öğrenciler, yalnızca bir kez alarma geçtiler - 1922 sonbaharında, bir grup Sosyal Devrimci Kremlin topraklarına girmeye çalıştığında. Makineli tüfek mürettebatının bir parçası olarak Mikhail kapıları savunmaya aldı, ancak KGB bu grubu Kremlin'e ulaşmasına izin vermedi.
Sevilen İlyiç öğrenciler, ilk patronları Leo Trotsky hakkında söylenemez. Mikhail Zotov, “O zaman insanların bir düşmanı olduğunu bilmiyorduk, ancak Troçki zaten düşmanın yüzünü gösterdi” dedi.
Özellikle iki karakteristik bölümü hatırladı. İlki - toplantılardan birinde, Troçki'nin konuşması sırasında, arka sıradaki bir öğrenci dürbünle ona baktı. Troçki bunu fark etti ... yarım saat boyunca bütün salon dikkatini çekti ve halkın savunma işleri komiseri hakkındaki öfkeli konuşmasını dinledi.
Lev Davydoviç, görevli gardiyandan geçtiğinde başka bir dava boşandı. Birkaç kez ileri ve geri yürüdü (savaşçılar sol-sağ bir hizalama yaptı), şaşırıp kalmış ve devam etti.
Lev Troçki, kendisine narko-askeri bir küçük olarak emanet edilen askeri birimler tarafından korunuyordu, kelimenin tam anlamıyla kendi güvenlik grubuna sahip değildi. Belki de bu gerçek abartılı bir özgüvenini ihlal etti ve onu öğrencilerinden kurtarmaya zorladı ...
Öyle olabileceği gibi, ülke liderlerinin kişisel güvenliğini sağlama yaklaşımı sistemik biçimler almaya başladı bile.
Güvenlik konularında, V.I. Lenin, Rus imparatorlarının örneğini aldı.
1917 - 1924, VChK - OGPU
Moskova'daki patron kim
Aynı zamanda, liderin kendisi hala çok dikkatsizdi. 1919'te, ünlü Jacob Koshelkov çetesi arabasına Sokolniki Bölge Konseyi binasının dışına saldırdı.
Ocak akşamı 6, Lenin, M.I. Ulyanova, şoför Gil ve güvenlik görevlisi I.V. Chabanov, Sokolniki'ye gitti. İşte Stepan Gil'in sorgu sırasında olan her şeyi anlattığı gibi:
“Üç silahlı adam yola atladı ve bağırdı:“ Dur! ” Haydutlar arasında durup kaymamaya karar verdim; ama onlar soyguncuydu, hiç şüphem yoktu. Ancak Vladimir Ilyich camı çaldı:
- Yoldaş Gil, neye ihtiyaçları olduğunu öğrenmeye ve durdurmaya değer. Bu bir devriye mi?
Ve onların arkasında koşup bağırıyorlar: "Dur! Ateş edeceğiz!"
“Görüyorsun,” dedi Ilyich. - Durman gerek.
Yavaşladım. Bir an sonra kapılar açıldı ve zorlu bir emir duyduk:
- Çık dışarı!
Herkesten daha uzun olan haydutlardan biri, Ilyich'i kolundan tuttu ve onu taksinin dışına sürükledi. Daha sonra ortaya çıktığı gibi, onların lider Cüzdan oldu. Lenin’in bekçisi olarak görev yapan Ivan Chabanov da arabadan çekildi.
Ilyich'e bakıyorum. Elinde bir pas tutuyor duruyor ve onun yanında iki haydut var ve her ikisi de kafasını hedefliyor:
- Kımıldama!
- Ne yapıyorsun? - dedi Ilyich. - Ben Lenin'im. İşte belgelerim.
Bunu söylediği gibi, kalbim battı. Hepsi, sanırım, Vladimir Ilyich öldü. Ancak çalışan bir motorun gürültüsünden dolayı, haydutların elebaşanı adını duymadı - ve bu bizi kurtardı.
“Seninle Levin olduğun için lanet olsun” dedi. - Ve
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The reasons for this intense new interest are three-fold:
First, more than 24 million Americans have become careful shoppers as they pay for their own individual insurance policies and have high deductibles and co-pays. This activity makes these patients prudent and removes the moral hazard of having someone else paying for a health benefit. (http://www.deloitte.com/view/en_US/us/Industries/US-State-Government-Public-Sector/Center-for-Health-Solutions-State-Government/article/274ed1800c0fb110VgnVCM100000ba42f00aRCRD.htm).
Second, the health care system is better than ever at communicating information. For example, visit HealthGrades (http://www.healthgrades.com/).
Third, patients, payers, and regulators now understand there is tremendous variation in value in healthcare, as defined above (http://www.dartmouthatlas.org/interactive_map.shtm).
Traditionally, patients looked to physicians as trusted sources of information. Now patients supplement this information with research, and thus expand their experience. “This triangulation of knowledge is not a world that most physicians live in today,” observes Dr. Paul Keckley, executive director of the Deloitte Center for Health Solutions. In the future, Jim Conway, senior vice president of the Institute for Healthcare Improvement, believes that one way to improve value is to actively engage consumers as participants in their care.
Healthcare is both an individual participation and a team sport. Patients, physicians, hospitals, payers and regulators all need to work as a team to improve value.
· Patients who have a good understanding of their history—including symptoms, diagnosis and treatments—will generally have a better experience with his/her physician.
· Physicians who consult other professionals regularly will generally deliver better results for the patients they serve.
· Hospitals with a full complement of busy services such as cardiology, cardiac surgery, maternity care, oncology, orthopedics, pediatrics, psychiatry and women's services will generally have better experiences as these services support each other.
· Even insurance companies who work well with the patients they insure and the physicians and hospitals who care for these patients will add value.
One participant alone does not engage the synergy of the team in diagnosing or curing what is wrong with the patient, or dealing with the ineffectiveness in the system.
We are all in this together and we all need access to the same accurate, timely, understandable and pertinent data, information, and knowledge.What if you didn’t cheat because you were a bad person?
During World War Two, a group of scientists restricted the food of some perfectly healthy men for six months until they lost about 20 percent of their weight. It was called the Minnesota Starvation Experiment and sounds most unpleasant.
It was enforced dieting. As the experiment went on, these ordinary men became increasingly obsessed with food. They began to pore over recipe books. When they could eat freely, these half-starved chaps found it difficult to stop eating. They were driven by intense cravings. These symptoms didn’t abate when they had regained the weight, but lasted for many many months.
This means that back in the 1940s, they had proved that dieting creates an obsession with food and an inability to stop eating once the diet is over. Science has known for over seventy years that diets don’t work, and yet we are still turning to them.
And when we fail, we assume that’s it’s because something is wrong with US, not because it’s been proven that diets don’t work.SSRIs are a widely prescribed class of drugs most often used as antidepressants to treat depression and anxiety disorders. Since September 2005, scientific information has been emerging that certain SSRIs, such as Celexa (citalopram), Lexapro (escitalopram), Prozac (fluoxetine), and Zoloft (sertraline), and SNRI antidepressants, such as Effexor (venlafaxine) may cause birth defects.
SSRI Birth Defects
Neural-Tube (brain and spinal cord) – spina bifida
Cranial (skull) – craniosynostosis
Abdominal Wall – omphalocele
Cleft Lip and/or Palate
Limb – club foot and other limb abnormalities
Anal Atresia (complete or partial closure of the anus)
The FDA also issued an alert in July 2006 warning about the increased risk of Neonatal Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension (PPHN) to babies born to mothers taking SSRI antidepressants.
What type of Heart Birth Defects?
The FDA issued a Public Health Advisory on December 8, 2005 based on U.S. and Swedish studies showing that exposure to certain antidepressants in the first trimester of pregnancy may be associated with an increased risk of heart birth defects.
Most of the cardiac defects observed in these studies were atrial or ventricular septal defects, conditions in which the wall between the right and left sides of the heart is not completely developed, and leads to a condition otherwise known as a “hole in the heart.”
Exposure to antidepressants may also cause other types of heart defects, including pulmonary stenosis and atresia, tricuspid atresia, aortic stenosis, hypoplastic left heart and conotruncal defects, such as transposition of the great arteries, double outlet right ventricle and Tetralogy of Fallot.
What is PPHN – Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension?
PPHN is a serious and life-threatening lung condition that occurs soon after birth of the newborn. Babies with PPHN have high pressure in their lung blood vessels and are not able to get enough oxygen into their bloodstream.
On July 19, 2006 the FDA issued a Public Health Advisory for SSRIs, including Celexa (citalopram), Lexapro (escitalopram), Prozac (fluoxetine), and Zoloft (sertraline) based on a study that suggests there may be additional risks of SSRI medications during pregnancy.
In this study PPHN was six times more common in babies whose mothers took an SSRI antidepressant after the 20th week of the pregnancy compared to babies whose mothers did not take an antidepressant.
FDA Pregnancy Warning
All antidepressants, except for one, are currently classified as Category C medications, meaning that animal reproduction studies have indicated an elevated risk of adverse events on the animal fetus and should only be used if the potential benefits outweigh the potential risks.
According to some experts all SSRI and SNRI antidepressants should be classified as Category D medications – “positive evidence of risk-studies in humans” which means fetal risk has been demonstrated.What is Contamination?
In terms of recycling, contamination is anything that is not accepted in your residential recycling program. This can mean a variety of things and can vary depending on where you live:
- Recyclables that are not on the accepted list for your municipality.
- Material that is accepted for recycling in other places, but can’t go in your residential blue bin i.e. electronics, household hazardous waste, batteries and much more, as they require special handling.
- Containers with leftover food residue.
- Recyclables that have been bundled together (i.e. tied together in a plastic bag, instead of being tossed in loosely.)
The Impact of Contamination
We can all make an effort to reduce the amount of contamination in our blue bin. Recyclables are bought and sold like any other commodity. Even if a few contaminated items get baled together with other clean items, it can ruin the chances of that bale being accepted by a manufacturer to make new materials. When you put your items in the blue bin, they should be empty from food and drink residue. In the end, contamination can reduce the value of our recyclables, increasing the cost of recycling for your community.
To be a better recycler, follow these tips to ensure your recyclables are free of residue and don’t contaminate other recyclables.
- Make sure your plastic, glass and metal containers are empty before you toss them into the blue bin.
- Don’t put anything in your blue bin that your municipality does not accept.
- Toss your recyclables into the bin loosely, don’t place them in a bag or nest the materials (stuff them into one another.) For health and safety reasons, workers must be able to see the material.
Top 10 types of contamination found in the blue bin – DO NOT put these in your blue bin!
- Disposable beverage cups
- Coffee pods
- Clothing and textiles
- Compostable packaging
- Steel pots and pans
- Aluminum foil and plates
- Paper towels, tissues and napkins
- Plastic pouches and laminates (i.e. Chip bags)
These items are recyclable, but are not accepted in the blue bin:
- Household hazardous waste (HHW)
- Ink and toner cartridges
- Paint cans and oil cans
- Plastic bags and cellophane
What to do with other recyclable items:
There are some materials that can be recycled, but not in your residential blue bin. These items require special processing in order for them to be recycled properly.
In Winnipeg, many residents have access to the three 4R Depots located in different parts of the city. The depots are a place where residents can drop off items they no longer need, but can be recycled, reused or composted. The depots also accept larger items that aren’t accepted in your blue bin.
Throughout the province, there are many options for where to take these items. The Recycle Manitoba website is the easiest way for people to find out where they can take their personal and household items they no longer need, depending on where they live. This website provides information about where consumers can drop off items, that aren’t accepted in the blue bin, to be safely recycled. Visit RecycleManitoba.ca to find a drop-off location close to you.لزوم نهادینه شدن ایمنی در کودکان
به گزارش راستابلاگ یک کارشناس ایمنی کودک با تاکید بر لزوم نهادینه شدن ایمنی در وجود هر کودکی، اظهار داشت: بیش از ۱۰۰ کتاب کودک در زمینه ایمنی وجود دارد.
محمد رضا مرشد دوست در گفت و گو با ایسنا، درباب اهمیت کتاب کودک در زمینه ایمنی و آتش نشانی اظهار نمود: یکی از مواردی که به ضرورت هرچه بیشتر کتاب های کودکان در زمینه ایمنی کودک تاکید می کند توجه به این امر است که کودکی آینده هر فردی را خواهد ساخت.
وی افزود: در کودکی خیلی از رفتار و عادت ها در کودک نهادینه می شود که تا بزرگسالی این رفتار و عادت ها به همراهش خواهد ماند.
مرشد دوست با تاکید بر لزوم نهادینه شدن ایمنی در وجود هر کودکی اظهار داشت: والدین هر کودک نیز باید در این خصوص مطالبه گر باشند. بعنوان مثال حین انجام خرید برای کودکشان حتما به موارد ایمنی لازم توجه نمایند.
مدیرعامل انجمن کودک ایمن ناجی فردا درباب تاثیر آموزش های ایمنی بر کاهش آمار حوادث اظهار داشت: اگر افراد در سنین پایین تر آموزش ببینند در بزرگسالی درک بهتری از ایمنی خواهند داشت و همین مورد موجب کاهش حوادث و سوانح نیز می شود.
مرشد دوست اظهار نمود: علل رخداد برخی از حوادث این است که در کودکی برای آن آموزش ندیدیم و در کودکی برایمان نهادینه نشده است.
وی افزود: بعنوان والدین با مربی، اگر از کتاب های ایمنی برای نهادینه کردن فرهنگ ایمنی در کودکان استفاده نمائیم می توانیم در ایمن تر شدن جامعه نیز گام برداریم.
منبع: راستابلاگ
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نظرات بینندگان در مورد این مطلبWhat is International Labors Day?
International Labors Day, a significant day dedicated in paying tribute to the Workers is celebrated on May 1st of Every Year. It is also known as ‘May Day’ and ’International Workers Day’ and it is usually declared as National Holiday in India, in order to appreciate and motivate the support of working people. Almost 80 nations around the World are given holiday on May 1 to and few Countries like USA and Canada is observed to celebrate the Labor Day on 1st of September.
How did May Day originate?
This day has a Historic Significance, initiated by Labor Unions of United States of America and Canada. Going back to the late 19th century around in 1886, On May 1st US Labor Movement went on a Strike, demanding the rights of Labors to support 8 Work Hours a day and to have a better pay accordingly. In consequent of the overlooked strike, a violent incident of bombing took place at Hay Market Square Riot on May 4th at Chicago, that slayed over several Police Men and almost 100s of people were injured. Though there were no immediate results of this protest, in time, during 1894, President Grover Cleveland signed the law and so, the labors were given 8 hours of work in a day, which then was followed by India and many other countries worldwide.
Origin of Labors Day in India:
The Labors Day or May Day in India was first celebrated in Chennai at 1st May 1923.This was initiated by the Labour Kisan Party of Hindustan. To celebrate this occasion, there were around two meetings, held by the leader of the party, Comrade Singaravelar. One meeting took place at Triplicane beach and the other at the opposite to Madras High Court.
In order to recognize the hard work and efforts of workforces, this day is especially dedicated in honoring the labors in India and around the world.
How Labors Day is celebrated in India?
The 2018 International Labors Day is celebrated on theme ‘Uniting Workers for Social and Economic Advancement’. The theme features the significance of the peace and social cohesion in the workplace to boost the productivity.
Number of events usually occurs on this day in order to raise the awareness of the concept-Uniting Workers for Social and Economic Advancement. Many events take place on the May Day. To name few, competitions for students and children are organized; round table conference on TV and Radios, Public speeches by political gatherings are held based on the theme. The day is not just meant for events and celebrations; many industries, ministries and corporations, businessman, industrial gatherings discuss on the social welfare of the workforces. In addition to the meeting, many sport events also take place through the week.
Role of NIST in the Life of Labors:
Did you know! “By 2030, the total Work Force of the world is predicted to increase to slightly more than 4 Billion”
As Labors are the Heart of any Organization, importance on Health and Safety of Labors has to be more concerned and be cautious of. Thus NIST plays a very important role in the life of many workforces. Our aspirants who have been trained, get acquainted with valuable knowledge on Occupational Health and Safety by which they ensure to maintain a safe working environment and thus preserve the safety of other labors of an organization as well which positively improves their lifestyle.
Our Boundless support to Occupational Safety not just limited to training, We Audit, Consult, Recruit and do Staffing Services as well. Especially, our Auditing and Consulting Services safeguards thousands of workforces to work efficiently in organizations. Do you want your labors and the organization to keep Safe? Approach NIST; Get Trained or Serviced and Keep Up the Welfare of your Workforces.
NIST heartily congratulates the labors/workforces all over the world, wishing them the best on their future endeavors. Let us celebrate this Labor Day with cheers and spirit in order to uplift the status and esteem of the working class in the society with progressive reforms!!سرپرست راهداری و حمل و نقل جاده ای گیلان با بیان اینکه طی شش ماهه نخست امسال بالغ بر ۱۱ میلیون خودرو وارد استان شده است، گفت: شاهد تردد ۲۳ میلیون و ۱۱۵ هزار و ۳۷۲ دستگاه خودرو در محورهای استان بودیم.
وی از رشد ۵۸ درصدی ورود خودرو به گیلان نسبت به مدت مشابه سال گذشته خبر داد و افزود: همچنین طی این مدت ۱۱ میلیون و ۵۵۷ هزار و ۵۷۲ خودرو از استان خارج شده است.
سرپرست اداره کل راهداری و حمل و نقل جاده ای گیلان در ادامه با اشاره به اینکه ۲۴ شهریور با تردد ۱۱۸ هزار و ۸۵ خودرو پرترددترین روز ورودی استان بوده است، تصریح کرد: پرترددترین روز خروجی استان نیز با ۱۱۳ هزار و ۵۰۹ خودرو مربوط به ۲۷ شهریور است.
نیک فهم عنوان کرد: طی این مدت محور آزادراه قزوین - رشت با چهار میلیون و ۵۲۹ هزار و ۴۵ دستگاه بیشترین تعداد ورودی استان و پس از آن محور رامسر - چابکسر با چهار میلیون و ۵۲ هزار و ۹۹۵ دستگاه دومین ورودی استان را داشته اند.
وی اضافه کرد: طی این مدت محور آزاد راه رشت - قزوین نیز با چهار میلیون و ۶۲۳ هزار و ۳۳ دستگاه بیشترین تعداد خروجی استان را به خود اختصاص داد.
سرپرست اداره کل راهداری و حمل و نقل جاده ای گیلان متذکر شد: طی این مدت استان گیلان از نظر متوسط تردد ساعتی با تعداد ۷۲۲ دستگاه وسیله نقلیه، چهارمین استان پرتردد کشور بوده است.As a parent, you will undoubtedly worry that your child may be at risk of being bullied. Bullying is unwanted, aggressive anti-social behaviour that involves real or perceived power imblance. The behaviour is often repeated over time and can have very serious lasting consequences for children and young people who are bullied or who bully others.
What is Bullying?
Bullying is behaviour that intimidates another person. It involves a person or group using their power over an individual, through words or actions, to control or harm. The result of bullying is that the victim will be left feeling unhappy, anxious, scared and in extreme cases even suicidal if the situation is allowed to continue.
Types of Bullying
Bullying can take different forms. The main types are:
- Verbal Bullying – saying or writing things that are hurtful. This includes teasing, name-calling, inappropriate sexual comments; taunting; and threatening to cause harm.
- Social Bullying – sometimes referred to as relational bullying, involves hurting someone’s reputation or relationships. This includes leaving someone out of an activity or conversation deliberately; encouraging other children or young people not to be friends with an individual; spreading rumours about someone; and embarrassing in public.
- Physical Bullying – involves hurting a person’s body or possessions. This includes hitting, kicking or pinching; spitting; tripping/pushing; taking or breaking someone’s things; or making rude or cruel hand or facial gestures.
- Cyber Bullying – involves the use of technology for bullying. This includes sending upsetting or threatening text messages, tweets, posting on Facebook or other social networking sites. It can also include sharing photos, videos etc. that a young person would not want shared.
No single factor puts a child at risk of being bullied or bullying others – sometimes it can be just if they are different in some way. Bullying can take place anywhere – in cities, towns or rural areas, in school and out of school,
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BASIN BÜLTENİScrolling Dimensional Perspective
In traditional hand-painted animation, the various objects in a scene are commonly drawn on different acetate cels and then are layered on top of one another. If all the cels are moved together, the scene looks flat and 2D. But by moving the cels at different rates, animators discovered that it was possible to create a motion-based dimensional perspective effect, giving the illusion of certain objects being closer or farther away.
In Flash, creating such effects is even easier because there can be any number of electronic layers. With scripting, the motion can be made automatic and even interactive.
The underlying principle is this: Objects that are larger and that are moving faster will appear closer than objects that are smaller and moving more slowly. By mimicking (and even exaggerating) the way we see perspective in real life, this can be re-created onscreen even with flat graphical layers.
This tutorial steps you through the process of building a scripted dimensional perspective effect, useful for Web site navigation or just entertainment. Click to download a ZIP file of the finished example (48k) here or an HQX file (67k) here, to give you an idea of what you'll be making..
Inside the Start File
To get you on your way, I've prepared a start file that includes all the basic symbols and movie settings required. Here is the list of movie clips and graphics as they appear in the Library:
Animation Controller—This will host the script that powers the animation. At present, it is just a simple movie clip containing a graphic for identification.
Cloud 1, 2, and 3—The cloud graphics are incidental and are used as part of the animation.
Background, midground, and foreground—These are the graphic layers that make up the effect. Its important that these symbols be movie clips because they are to be positioned using ActionScript and, therefore, need instance names.
The Movie properties—These must set to the correct frame rate and stage size with the four layers provided. (See Figure 1.)
Figure 1 The Movie properties.
The movie itself is set to 30 frames per second, with a stage size of 590 x 400 pixels. The high frame rate will ensure smooth motion; because this animation is scripted rather than manual, the file size stays small as well.[ad_1]
جنیفر لوپز در حال تعریف جدیدی است که به معنای تکان دادن لباس تولد است. در 24 ژوئیه ، خواننده “در طبقه” در یک جشن خاص با نزدیکترین و عزیزترین دوست خود ، مانند دوست پسر بن افلک ، 52 ساله شد. هنگامی که این دو در یک قایق تفریحی در سنت تروپه به هم چسبیده بودند ، جنیفر از مجموعه گسترده خود یک بیکینی چاپی پوشید. او این دو قطعه را با روکش طرح دار و پر جنب و جوش به همراه کلاه Nick Fouquet برای ظاهری نسیم و ساحلی ست کرد.
جنیفر تقریباً برای هر مناسبت ، به خصوص روزهای تولد ، مایو دارد. ته مثلث و ته رشته یکی از سبک های معروف J Lo است و چه زمان بهتری برای ایجاد یک لباس جدید است؟ “52 ، چه کاری انجام می دهد؟” او یک ویدیوی اینستاگرام از خودش را زیرنویس کرد. در ویدیوی بالا و عکس پیش رو از نزدیک گروه تابستانی وی را ببینید.曼谷 –
熟悉调查情况的警方官员称，一名台湾男子在曼谷一家酒店被谋杀的房间内发现了大量假钞和一台造假机。
我们以前的故事：
现在进行更新：
伦敦警察厅周一（20 月 XNUMX 日）告诉 TPN 媒体th）泰国法医警察在房间内进行调查，发现了两个保险箱。 警方成功打开保险箱，发现大量假钞、纸张和用于制作假钞的机器。
警方已经逮捕了两名嫌疑人，分别是一名缅甸男子和一名喀麦隆男子。 然而，一名瓦努阿图男子和一名泰国女子仍在逃。 目前还不清楚发现的假钱与台湾男子的死亡有何联系，不过，嫌疑人已经抓获，他们声称自己在网上应聘后被泰国女子雇佣，跟踪并勒索这名台湾男子的钱财。 然而，他们声称自己与谋杀该男子无关，并让他活着，但在离开酒店时将他绑了起来。
随着更多细节的公布，TPN 媒体将继续更新此报道。شماره همراه خود را وارد کنید
کاربر گرامی؛ صورتحساب این خرید جهت پرداخت به شرکت ارسال خواهد شد. آیا خریدتان را ادامه میدهید؟
متاسفانه شرکت هزینه این خرید را پوشش نمی دهد آیا مایل هستید با هزینه شخصی خود پرداخت کنید؟
توجه!
متاسفانه این اقامتگاه در لیست هتلهای مورد تایید شرکت شما نیست. هتلهای مورد تایید شرکت شما در زمان جستجو با برچسب "تایید شده" قابل شناسایی هستند.General Sensor Application Note LA05-0026
Copyright © 2014 Lion Precision. www.lionprecision.com
Force is often measured as a deflection of an object of known stiffness. Noncontact methods are ideal for measuring the force-related deflection as they do not load the object with additional mass or affect it’s stiffness.
These noncontact sensors are very precise and are best used in applications requiring very small and very precise measurements to justify the cost of precision sensors.
Force Related Linear Displacement
The force related deflection of the object is a linear displacement measurement – the measurement of the position change of an object. Capacitive sensors and eddy-current sensors provide high resolution measurements required for precise measurements of force.
Limited Displacements for Accurate Force Measurements
Force measurements using deflection are generally designed for minimal deflection. Larger deflections could change the force as in spring rate measurements. The smaller the deflections, the more accurate the force measurement. Capacitive and eddy-current displacement sensors can provide sub micron, and even sub nanometer resolutions. A force measurement system with such small deflections can make very precise measurements of force.
For more details on displacement measurements see our Displacement and Position Measurement Application Note.
A deflection based force measurement system must be calibrated. A series of forces must be applied to the deflected object and the deflection measured. A mathematical function describing the relationship between force and deflection can be derived to quickly convert the deflection numbers into units of force. If the system is linear, the calculation is simple. If the relationship is curvilinear, a regression analysis will be required to determine the conversion function.
With tiny deflections and small forces, error sources become a more significant factor. Thermal changes in the system are often the biggest source of error. Thermal effects on force measurements must be known so they can be compensated, eliminated, or determined to be within tolerance of the force measurement.
For a discussion of error sources in deflection (displacement) measurements, see our Displacement and Position Measurement Application Note.La voglia di cinese era nell'aria già da un po', allora perchè non andare ad un All-you-can-eat a questo punto: menù con immagini che ti rapiscono, porzioni giuste che ti fanno arrivare ad aprirti la cintura dei pantaloni per quanto sei sazio alla modica cifra di €19,90. Certo, caricano sulle bevande..فینیش لفند
Finnish Lapphund
این نژاد در ابتدا توسط سامی ها به عنوان سگ نگهبان در کنار گوزن ها پرورش داده می شد که از محبوبیت زیادی برخوردار است .به ویژه در فنلاند که نسبت به دیگر نقاط شناخته شده تر است. آن ها سگ هایی با وفا و به شدت کاری هستند که امروزه به عنوان یک حیوان خانگی دوست داشتنی نگهداری می شوند.
خلق و خو
سگی شاد و دوست داشتنی است و با کودکان رابطه ی خوبی دارد از این رو برای خانواده های دارای فرزند مناسب است.
او یک سگ دیده بان عالی است با این حال به علت ارتباط گیری آسانی که دارد برای نگهبانی مناسب نیست.
وزن و ارتفاع
وزن در نرها: (۶-۸) ک. گ، در مادهها: (۶-۸) ک. گ
ارتفاع در نرها: (۳۰-۳3) س. م، در مادهها: (۲۵-۳۰) س. م
مشکلات سلامتی
سگ های این نژاد عموما سگ های سالمی هستند اما همانند دیگر سگ ها مستعد برخی بیماری ها هستند که در صورت نگهداری از آن باید از آن ها آگاه بود.
شرایط نگهداری
این نزاد یک سگ متعلق به مناطق سردسیری است بنابراین بهتر است محیط زندگی آنان خنک باشد.
رابطه ی خوبی با کودکان دارد و از بازی کردن با آنان لذت می برد از این رو سگ مناسبی برای خانواده های دارای فرزند است. با این حال توصیه می شود برای جلوگیری از اتفاقات ناگهانی با کودکان تنها نمانند.
فعالیت بدنی
ای نژاد خود تمایلی به ورزش کردن ندارد اما باید توجه داشت که یک جلسه بازی نیم ساعته با صاحب خود یا بازی با سگ های دیگر می تواند برای او بسیار مفید باشد . همچنین پیاده روی روزانه برای این نژاد توصیه می شود.
طول عمر
حدود ۱۲-۱۵ سال.
آراستن
این نژاد دارای یک پوشش دو لایه متشکل از یک از موهای صاف و یکدست و پوشش زیری زبر و متراکم است که سرمای زمستان را برای آن ها لذت بخش می کند. باید توجه داشت که بهتر است در فصول گرم سال موهای آن ها بیش از حد کوتاه نشود تا برای فصول سرد بتواند پوشش مناسبی را برایشان ایجاد کند.
برس کشیدن هفتگی در فصل ریزش مو به از بین بردن کثیفی ها و موهای زائد کمک می کند.
از آنجایی که این نژاد نسبت به سگ های دیگر بوی کمتری دارد حمام گاه به گاه برای آن کافی است.
تاریخچه
این نژاد به دلیل فرم بدنی خود در ابتدا به عنوان سگ گله و به عنوان نگهبان گوزن های شمالی متعلق به قوم سامی پرورش یافت. سامی ها قومی بومی هستند و در مناطقی از فنلاند، سوئد، نروژ و روسیه ساکن هستند.
گرد آوری و ترجمه
تیم تنظیم محتوا مجموعه My PetNASA engineers are hard at work on a lunar spacecraft expected to be the first in a wave of robotic probes that will pave the way for future human missions.
The spacecraft, called the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO), is the first mission out of the gate under NASA’s space vision of sending more robot and human explorers beyond Earth orbit.
“This mission is the first concrete step in laying the groundwork for humans to go back to the moon,” said Jim Garvin, the lead scientist for moon and Mars exploration at NASA headquarters in Washington. “So there’s a lot resting on its shoulders.”
Set for a 2008 launch, the probe is expected to circle the moon for at least one year and return detailed maps of the lunar surface, data on the moon’s radiation levels and an in-depth look at its polar regions for resources that could be tapped by future astronauts.
But everything is still on paper, and project engineers have a narrow window in which to design, build and integrate the spacecraft to meet their intended launch date.
Engineers at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., are designing the actual spacecraft bus, while the instrument payload will be provided by private industry. An Acquisition of Opportunity for the payload was announced June 18 and a final design is expected to be in hand in November.
“This is certainly a quick development mission,” Garvin said in a telephone interview. “There’s not a lot of time to generate a high-reliability flight mission.”
Exactly how LRO will make its moon measurements is still an unknown, though mission planners can envision a number of routes private payload designers might take.
“This is not a science mission, it’s a measurement mission,” Garvin said. “For example, we don’t have any lunar maps at the scale of a landing site since the Apollo missions, but there are a variety of ways to make them.”
The instruments involved
LRO’s topographic map-making instruments may include one or more of the following: conventional radar, laser-based range systems like Light Detection and Ranging, or a system known as synthetic aperture radar that combines radar measurements with computer analysis to make detailed measurements.
High-resolution cameras similar to those used in the one-meter resolution Ikonos satellites owned by Space Imaging Inc. will be required to photograph the lunar surface. Part of LRO’s mission is to identify potential landing sites for future missions and any nearby hazards, such as boulders, which could shift and knock a lander or human down, Garvin said.
LRO’s imaging system also is expected to be able to look into permanently shadowed regions of the moon and its polar regions to look for signs of large water ice deposits — on the scale of football fields — that could be viable resources in future missions.
A critical part of any prolonged human stay on the moon is the amount of radiation astronauts will be subject to during a mission. LRO’s instrument set also should be able to determine the biological effects of that lunar radiation environment.
Jim Watzin, lunar exploration program manager at NASA’s Goddard Spaceflight Center, said NASA engineers have already begun preliminary design work on the spacecraft.
Even without a final payload in hand, Goddard engineers have been able to define some of the parameters their spacecraft must meet.
Since time is of the essence, LRO will make use of conventional technology instead of untested tools. That means a chemical-fueled rocket will push the spacecraft moonward as opposed to more exotic approaches, such as an ion engine or other propulsion methods.
A conventional approach also keeps costs down, an important point since the mission’s total budget from development through first-year operations is set at about $90 million.
“We’re constrained to be a Discovery class [mission] in cost, so we have to limit ourselves to a Delta 2 launch vehicle,” Watzin said.
Because of that rocket limitation, project engineers know their final spacecraft must weigh about 1,000 kilograms (2,200 pounds), half of which will be propellant to not only push LRO to the moon, but keep it in the proper lunar orbit once it arrives, Watzin said. And because the spacecraft will be making detailed maps from an altitude of about 50 kilometers (31 miles), LRO will need to be able to accurately point itself in any direction, he added.
The spacecraft will also require a robust power and communications system to relay large amounts of data to Earth and sustain its science instruments.
“We’re pushing the spacecraft design as far as we can go knowing, in general, what the capabilities it needs and having some idea on the classes of instruments it will have,” LRO project manager Craig Tooley said in a telephone interview.
The future of NASA’s lunar exploration exploits may ride heavily on the data LRO sends back to Earth.
If LRO’s lunar maps point out an obvious point of interest on the surface, the space agency may choose a robot lander mission to drop on the area for a more detailed study. A second possibility would be a second orbiter, armed with more science instruments, to conduct more reconnaissance.
“The early months of [LRO] would target things that the second mission would follow in this lunar robotic program,” Garvin said. “But we’re talking about moderate-class missions here, not billion-dollar, 100-yard wandering rovers.”
© 2013 Space.com. All rights reserved. More from Space.com.سلام خسته نباشید. دستگاه لیزر من پاور 120 وات هست موقع حک چهره روی پلکسی واسه بالبینگ تو وسطای تصویر یدفعه حک قدرتش بیشر میشه مثلا تصویر تو ابعاد 10*10 سانت رو یک یا دو جاشو به فاصله یک سانت حکش قویتر میشه دوباره درست میشه البته زیاد نیست ولی نور که میخوره بهش مشخص میشه؟فرماندار شهرستان آستانهاشرفیه با اذعان به اینکه در هفته دولت پروژه های خوبی در آستانه اشرفیه به بهره برداری می رسد، گفت: مردم از مسوولان انتظار پیگیری و تکمیل پروژه های مهم عنوان را دارند که در این خصوص ۱۵ میلیارد تومان اعتبار برای تکمیل پروژه عمرانی و افتتاح آن در هفته دولت به تصویب رسید.
گیل ابراز: یونس محمودی در مراسم افتتاح پروژه های شهرداری آستانهاشرفیه با تسلیت سالگرد درگذشت مرحوم آیت الله امینیان اظهار کرد: ایشان یک انسان فرهیخته و یک عالم به تمام معنا بود که بنده افتخار چندین سال شاگردی ایشان را داشتم.
وی با بیان اینکه رعایت حقوق شهروندی یکی از مهمترین اصول رفتاری در جمهوری اسلامی ایران است، گفت: مردم در نظام اسلامی انتظار ارائه بهترین خدمات را دارند زیرا لازمه پیشرفت هر جامعه ای ایجاد آرامش در مردمان آن کشور بوده و این امر تاکنون در کشور به درستی اجرا شده است.
فرماندار شهرستان آستانه اشرفیه مردم این منطقه را مردمانی با فرهنگ غنی معرفی کرد و افزود: این شهرستان محل زندگی آیت الله وحید، آیت الله ضیایی، آیت الله امینیان، دکتر دشستانی بوده و دارای فرهنگ بسیار غنی وکهنی است به طوری که دکتر استاد محمد معین خواستار دفن در آستانه اشرفیه پس از وفات خود شد.
محمودی با اذعان به اینکه در هفته دولت پروژه های خوبی در آستانه اشرفیه به بهره برداری می رسد، بیان کرد: مردم از مسئولان انتظار پیگیری و تکمیل پروژه های مهم عنوان را دارند که در این خصوص ۱۵ میلیارد تومان اعتبار برای تکمیل پروژه عمرانی و افتتاح آن در هفته دولت به تصویب رسیده که با این اتفاق در هفته دولت شاهد افتتاح پروژه بسیار خوب و بزرگی در شهرستان خواهیم بود.
وی با اشاره به هزینه سه میلیارد تومانی برای تکمیل و نوسازی خیابان فردوسی گفت: افتتاح و نوسازی این خیابان یکی از مهمترین دغدغه ها و خواسته های مردم این منطقه از شهرستان آستانه اشرفیه بوده است که با تلاش های شهرداری با میزان هزینه سه میلیارد تومان این خیابان به بهترین محو تکمیل و نوسازی شد./استان خبرWhat your first-grader needs to know : fundamentals of a good first-grade education / edited by E.D. Hirsch, Jr.
- 1 of 1 copy available at Evergreen Indiana.
0 current holds with 1 total copy.
View other formats and editions
|Location||Call Number / Copy Notes||Barcode||Shelving Location||Status||Due Date|
|Newburgh Chandler PL - Downtown Newburgh||372.19 HIR (Text)||39206018518793||NonFiction||Available||-|
- ISBN: 0385481195
- Physical Description: xxii, 342 pages
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essa dallo Standing Interpretations Committee. Le Interpretazioni del SIC non si applicano a elementi non rilevanti.
Riferimento: IAS 33, Utile per azione.
Problema
1. Esistono varie tipologie di strumenti finanziari o di altri contratti che possono essere regolati dalla società che redige il bilancio tramite pagamento di attività finanziarie o tramite pagamento sotto forma di trasferimento di azioni ordinarie della società che redige il bilancio al possessore. In alcune circostanze, la modalità di regolamento è scelta dall’emittente di strumenti finanziari mentre, in altre circostanze, tale modalità di regolamento è scelto dal possessore dello strumento finanziario. Un esempio di tale tipologia di strumento può essere un’obbligazione contrattuale della società che redige il bilancio che può essere regolata tramite pagamento in contanti o tramite emissione di azioni ordinarie della società che redige il bilancio.
2. Il problema consiste nel definire se gli strumenti finanziari o gli altri contratti che possono essere regolati tramite pagamento di attività finanziarie o tramite pagamento sotto forma di emissione di azioni ordinarie da parte della società che redige il bilancio, a scelta dell’emittente o del possessore, siano, secondo quanto previsto dallo IAS 33, potenziali azioni ordinarie.
3. La presente interpretazione considera i contratti che specificano tali criteri alternativi di regolamento nei loro termini contrattuali.
Interpretazione
4. Tutti gli strumenti finanziari o gli altri contratti che possono dare luogo all’emanazione di azioni ordinarie della società che redige il bilancio per il possessore di strumenti finanziari o di altri contratti, a scelta dell’emittente o del possessore, costituiscono potenziali azioni ordinarie dell’impresa.
Data di approvazione: febbraio 2000.
Data di entrata in vigore: la presente Interpretazione entra in vigore a partire dal 1° dicembre 2000.
L’informazione comparativa esposta e illustrata nel bilancio in base a quanto disposto dallo IAS 33.47-52 deve essere riscritta al fine dell’applicazione della presente Interpretazione.Modernism's History of the Earth
Miller, Megan Ann
MetadataShow full item record
This dissertation explores how a handful of modernist poets and novelists responded creatively to developments in geology, evolutionary biology, and astronomy between the 1920s and the 1960s. Critical accounts of modernism often treat early twentieth-century depictions of nature as quaint expressions of writers' personal interests, or belated rehearsals of romanticism or naturalism. Reading modernist literature alongside early twentieth-century scientific nonfiction, I argue that nature was implicated at every level of these writers' aesthetic responses to modern experience. William Carlos Williams' poetics of things grew out of his understanding of natural history. James Agee's documentary ethics drew on the timescale of evolution and the enormity of the universe. Lorine Niedecker and Kenneth Rexroth revised their poetics and their conceptions of place after learning about local geology. Aldous Huxley, Elizabeth Bishop, and Robert Smithson used the figure of islands to channel midcentury anxieties about the fate of an expanding human population and the ambivalence of progress. Scientific paradigms were changing in these years: Darwinian evolution returned to the forefront of biological thought between the 1920s and the 1940s, and its reception was matched by widespread public interest in the origins and prehuman history of the earth. In the 1950s and 1960s, the exploration of outer space brought new awareness of our isolation in the cosmos. Nineteenth-century writers may have weathered the initial shock of our simian ancestry and the ungodly timescale of geology, but twentieth-century writers encountered a much fuller picture of what existed before humanity, and outside the bubble of our small planet. The writers I discuss here embraced that picture. The way they imagined the earth's history not only shaped their sense of what it meant to be modern; it shaped their sense of what it meant to be human, and conscious, and alive at any juncture of time and space.
- EnglishThe main reason why gradient descent is used for linear regression is the computational complexity: it's computationally cheaper (faster) to find the solution using the gradient descent in some cases.
The formula which you wrote looks very simple, even computationally, because it only works for univariate case, i.e. when you have only one variable. In the multivariate case, when you have many variables, the formulae is slightly more complicated on paper and requires much more calculations when you implement it in software:
Here, you need to calculate the matrix $X'X$ then invert it (see note below). It's an expensive calculation. For your reference, the (design) matrix X has K+1 columns where K is the number of predictors and N rows of observations. In a machine learning algorithm you can end up with K>1000 and N>1,000,000. The $X'X$ matrix itself takes a little while to calculate, then you have to invert $K\times K$ matrix - this is expensive.
So, the gradient descent allows to save a lot of time on calculations. Moreover, the way it's done allows for a trivial parallelization, i.e. distributing the calculations across multiple processors or machines. The linear algebra solution can also be parallelized but it's more complicated and still expensive.
Additionally, there are versions of gradient descent when you keep only a piece of your data in memory, lowering the requirements for computer memory. Overall, for extra large problems it's more efficient than linear algebra solution.
This becomes even more important as the dimensionality increases, when you have thousands of variables like in machine learning.
Remark. I was surprised by how much attention is given to the gradient descent in Ng's lectures. He spends nontrivial amount of time talking about it, maybe 20% of entire course. To me it's just an implementation detail, it's how exactly you find the optimum. The key is in formulating the optimization problem, and how exactly you find it is nonessential. I wouldn't worry about it too much. Leave it to computer science people, and focus on what's important to you as a statistician.
Having said this I must qualify by saying that it is indeed important to understand the computational complexity and numerical stability of the solution algorithms. I still don't think you must know the details of implementation and code of the algorithms. It's not the best use of your time as a statistician usually.
Note 1. I wrote that you have to invert the matrix for didactic purposes and it's not how usually you solve the equation. In practice, the linear algebra problems are solved by using some kind of factorization such as QR, where you don't directly invert the matrix but do some other mathematically equivalent manipulations to get an answer. You do this because matrix inversion is an expensive and numerically unstable operation in many cases.
This brings up another little advantageof the gradient descent algorithm as a side effect: it works even when the design matrix has collinearity issues. The usual linear algebra path would blow up and gradient descent will keep going even for collinear predictors.Creativity has become one of the most sought-after skills from graduates across business and industry. It is therefore imperative to infuse creativity training within business programs of study and professional development experiences, to remind people of their eternally curious and creative nature. The objective of this paper is to explore the literature around theories of creative potential and performance—including creative identity, creative mindset, and creative self-efficacy. We consider perspectives that reveal that creativity is a mindset predicated on beliefs and ways of thinking. Educational psychology literature and theories of creative self-belief illustrate how creative identity, mindset, and self-efficacy form the core of an individual’s belief system to think, act, and develop creatively in the world. This connects to the potential of arts-based methods as a means to infuse creative learning into business education. We illustrate how our findings can be put into practice by sharing an example of an art-based intervention that is currently in progress to develop creative capacity among students in an internationally known business program. We conclude with the idea that its incumbent upon business education, professional development, and training to incorporate methodologies that enhance creative capacity by initially eliminating or minimizing self-perceived limitations in people, such as fear, negative personal judgement, and chattering of the mind—and theories of creative self-belief provide a foundation that can undergird arts-based methods toward this goal.
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License
which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited[摘要]基于结构方程模型(SEM)的分析方法,从理论上分析政府信息公开公众满意度的相关概念,从中总结出与公众满意度较高程度相关的潜变量:感知价值、预期、政府形象等,并以此为基础构建政府信息公开满意度理论模型。同时,探讨下一步研究的大致方向和所需条件,为下一步的调查验证工作奠定理论基础。
[关键词]结构方程 信息公开 满意度 理论模型
[分类号]G203
1 引言
为检验政府信息公开工作的实际成果,找出政府信息公开工作中存在的不足,笔者将顾客满意度的概念和结构方程模型(Structural Equation Modeling,SEM)的分析手段引入到政府信息公开效果检验中来。
1989年,美国密歇根大学商学院质量研究中心的费耐尔(Claes Fomell)教授提出把顾客期望、顾客感知、购买价格等多方面因素组成一个计量经济学的逻辑模型,并借此模型运用偏微分最小二次方求解得出指数,即顾客满意度指数(Customer Satisfaction Index简称CSI)。费耐尔博士的研究成果是迄今为止最成熟和运用最广泛的顾客满意度指数理论。20世纪90年代后,顾客满意度理论日渐成熟,应用范围也从私营部门扩展至公共部门,被广泛应用于政府绩效评估和电子政府信息评估等领域。英、美等国在绩效评估中应用顾客满意度指数理论走在最前列。英国从20世纪60年代起,就开始对公共部门的生产力进行测定,80年代进行了著名的雷纳评审。美国1993年颁布实施的《政府绩效与结果法》(GPRA)将政府绩效评估推向高潮。90年代以后,加拿大、丹麦、芬兰、挪威、新西兰、荷兰、澳大利亚等国广泛开展了公共部门绩效评比。满意度这一原始概念在不同领域产生了不同的引申含义,在政府信息公开这一特定领域,笔者认为政府信息公开的满意度是指:公众使用政府信息公开的服务的经历满足公众需要而产生的一种心理状态。
顾客满意度测评方法的建立与结构方程模型的使用有密切关系。SEM是用于讨论潜变量(Latent Varia-ble)与观测变量(Manifest Variable)关系以及潜变量与潜变量关系的一种多元统计分析方法。正是结构方程模型的出现和应用,使顾客满意度这种不能被直接观测的变量可被测量,而且可以将这些不可观测变量放置于体现因果关系的方程系统中。
2 潜变量的设定
SEM将事务的客观状态以因果假设的方式加以呈现,然后以量化的资料加以验证。而理论就是能够将事物的客观状态加以因果式呈现的关键。所以,在构建政府信息公开的结构方程模型之前,首先应该建立相应的理论,才能根据理论假设相应的潜变量以及潜变量之间的关系。 ......MOTORE A CURVATURA
Il motore a curvatura venne inventato dallo scienziato terrestre Zephram Cochrane nell' anno 2063. Questo motore e' in pratica il cuore di ogni nave stellare , fornendo l'energia necessaria al funzionamento di tutti i sistemi di bordo e , soprattutto , consentendo di viaggiare a velocita' maggiori di quella della luce . La scoperta di questo tipo di propulsione , grazie alla quale si sono resi possibili i viaggi interstellari , viene spesso considerata come la piu' importante nella storia dell' intero genere umano , in quanto ad essa sono legati numerosi eventi che hanno portato al sensibile miglioramento delle condizioni di vita sulla Terra ( primo fra tutti la nascita della Federazione Unita dei Pianeti )
PRINCIPI TEORICI DELLA PROPULSIONE A CURVATURA
Secondo la Teoria della Relativita' Generale , nessun corpo in movimento puo' raggiungere una velocita' maggiore di quella della luce ( circa 300.000 Km al secondo ) Il motore a curvatura , pur consentendo di raggiungere destinazioni lontane innumerevoli anni-luce in periodi molto brevi , non contravviene di fatto a tale teoria in quanto appartenente alla classe dei propulsori "non newtoniani ". In pratica , il motore a curvatura non opera seguendo i normali schemi " azione-reazione " e , quindi , non da' luogo ad emissioni energetiche atte a sospingere un vascello fluttuante nello spazio ; cio' che invece sta alla base del funzionamento di questo tipo di motore e' , come dice il nome stesso , la Curvatura Spaziale : si provi a pensare all'universo come se questo fosse soltanto di un semplice foglio di carta ; si immagini poi di prendere una matita e di segnare con essa due punti sul foglio , uno in prossimita' del margine inferiore ( punto di partenza ) e l'altro nelle vicinanze del margine superiore ( punto d'arrivo ) ; si uniscano i due punti con una linea che sia piu' corta possibile ( vale a dire una retta ) e si sara' arrivati a creare la rappresentazione del percorso piu'breve che un vascello potrebbe compiere viaggiando " su di un foglio piano " , vale a dire in cio' che si definisce "Spazio Normale " .Tenendo presente il fatto che , per le ragioni relativistiche citate in precedenza , un corpo viaggiante nello spazio normale non puo' mai superare la velocita' della luce , si capisce facilmente che un vascello spaziale che tentasse di raggiungere il famoso "Punto d' Arrivo " seguendo un percorso rettilineo all' interno dello spazio normale non potrebbe , per forza di cose , compiere piu' di un anno-luce per anno di viaggio . Ora , dato che una galassia ha un diametro medio di alcune decine di migliaia di anni-luce , risulta subito chiaro che raggiungere una stella muovendosi nello spazio normale e' un impresa a dir poco ardua . Torniamo ora al nostro foglio di carta , pieghiamolo a meta' in senso trasversale e misuriamo , adesso , la distanza tra il punto di partenza e il punto d'arrivo : essendo in questo caso coincidenti , i due punti sono separati da una distanza pari a zero , e quindi pari a zero risulta essere anche il tempo necessario per compiere il tragitto fra i due punti stessi . Il motore a curvatura agisce esattamente in modo analogo , curvando lo spazio attorno al vascello spaziale in modo da diminuire la distanza esistente fra questo e il punto d'arrivo . Durante i viaggi a curvatura , la nave abbandona lo spazio normale e si trasferisce in una sorta di "spazio curvo " , denominato Subspazio , riconiscibile perche' le stelle al suo interno non appaiono piu' come dei punti luminosi , bensi' assumono la caratteristica forma di "striscia luminosa " Di fatto , il grado di curvatura dello spazio e' direttamente proporzionale al livello di potenza che l'Induttore del campo di curvatura puo' sviluppare : cio' significa che , a differenza di quanto spiegato usando l'esempio del foglio piegato , nella realta' il punto di partenza e quello d'arrivo non giungono mai a toccarsi , ma ci si limita a ridurre la distanza fra di essi realizzando curvature spaziali piu' o meno accentuate . I diversi gradi di curvatura , in pratica assimilabili a diverse velocita', vengono indicati utilizzando una "Scala di Curvatura " che va da 1 a 10 . Il valore 1 e' in pratica uguale alla velocita' della luce , mentre il valore 10 ( punti di partenza e d'arrivo coincidenti ) e' solo teorico, in quanto il suo raggiungimento richiederebbe una dose infinita di potenza , oltre a portare ad occupare contemporaneamente TUTTI i punti dello spazio ! L'unita' di misura della curvatura e' , in onore del suo scopritore , detta COCHRANE ; il valore di 1 COCHRANE corrisponde alla costante c , cioe' e' pari alla velocita' della luce ; i valori successivi non sono proporzionali , ma aumentano invece in maniera esponenziale secondo il modello di seguito riportato . Le velocita' sono da intendersi come "apparenti", nel senso che rappresentano la velocita' teorica che un corpo immerso nello spazio normale dovrebbe poter sviluppare per compiere quel determinato tragitto nel tempo x .
SCALA DI CURVATURA ( c = velocita' luce )
Fattore di curvatura 1 = c
Fattore di curvatura 2 = 10 c
Fattore di curvatura 3 = 39 c
Fattore di curvatura 4 = 102 c
Fattore di curvatura 5 = 214 c
Fattore di curvatura 6 = 392 c
Fattore di curvatura 7 = 656 c
Fattore di curvatura 8 = 1024 c
Fattore di curvatura 9 = 1516 c
Fattore di curvatura 9.6 = 1910 c
Fattore di curvatura 9.9 = 3053 c
Fattore di curvatura 9.99= 7912 c
Fattore di curvatura 9.9999 = 199516 c
Fattore di curvatura 10 = velocita' infinita
NOTA :
Curvatura 6 rappresenta la velocita' "di crociera".
Curvatura 9.6 rappresenta la massima velocita' raggiungibile e sostenibile fino all'esaurimento del propellente .
Curvatura 9.9 rappresenta la massima velocita' raggiungibile , ma sostenibile solo per poche ore onde evitare danni ai motori .
Curvatura 9.9999 e' la "soglia di transcurvatura" , raggiungibile solo da alcune razze aliene quali i Borg o i Kelvan .
REATTORE MATERIA - ANTIMATERIA
Le prime navi stellari impiegavano reattori a fusione nucleare per produrre l'energia necessaria al
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periphery of the tornado as a result of the differential wind field changing within the confines of the parent tornado. This is certainly a classic example of very small-scale convectively-associated features causing havoc on society. To learn more about other high-impact weather events from across Europe, be sure to click here!
DISCUSSION: It’s not every day that people get a view like this! A passenger on an airplane flying over Sarajevo, Bosnia yesterday at around sunset filmed a time lapse of quickly maturing cumulonimbus clouds while cruising at an altitude of 37,500 feet (about 11,430 meters). In the beginning of the video, shown below, there are cumulonimbus clouds which exhibited neat structural changes in the form of moisture associated with its updrafts being fanned outward by strong upper-level winds, creating the flat and thin-looking features called anvils. Later on in this footage, low-level clouds as well as other developing cumulonimbus clouds were spotted. The favorable conditions which facilitated the development of these storms included plenty of moisture (i.e., most likely garnered from the Adriatic Sea), sufficient instability (i.e., from daytime heating), and lift (i.e., as a result of orographic enhancement due to the presence of geographic features such as the Dinaric Alps). To learn about other high-impact weather events across Europe, click here!
DISCUSSION: As strong to severe storms fired up within the warm-front sector of an intensifying low-pressure system across portions of Western Europe (just 3 days ago), some of these storms developed within regions characterized by particularly high convective instability as well as strong vertical wind shear. For those who are unaware, vertical wind shear is the scientific term used to reference the presence of winds which change with direction and/or speed with height. As a result of this change in the direction and/or the wind speed (i.e., between the surface and points well-above the surface), this can sometimes bring about the generation of rotation in the lower to middle portions of the atmosphere. As a result of these storms encountering stronger vertical wind shear, storms often tend to develop a rotating updraft core which is capable of producing strong downbursts, tornadoes, heavy rainfall, and frequent cloud-to-ground lightning. In the video below (courtesy of Krisztian Kiszely), you will denote the photogenic time-lapse footage of a supercell which developed in portions of Western Hungary on Wednesday afternoon (local time).
Note how in the time-lapse video below, you can clearly see the developing feature known as the "beavers tail" on the right side of the video as it evolves. This "beavers tail" is a consequence of the complex processes defined primarily by low-level convergence of both moisture and air-stream flow which results in rapid condensation of water vapor in the lowest levels of the atmosphere. Additionally, upon looking even closer (near the center), you can identify the episodic development of the wall cloud near the center which forms as a result of a number of complex processes (i.e., within the supercell thunderstorm); facilitating the lowering of the cloud base near the southwest portion of the supercell thunderstorm (i.e., near the feature known as the hook echo and statistically is the most probable location for tornadic development). Therefore, this is just one example amongst thousands of others which prove how even the most photogenic of time-lapse videos contains a multitude of interesting features and can often pose a significant threat to both life and property. For that reason, it is always critical to keep your eyes to the skies when severe weather is threatening. To learn more about other high-impact weather events from across Europe, be sure to click here!
QUITE A LIGHTNING SHOW ACROSS WESTERN/ NORTHEASTERN EUROPE IN THE PAST 24 HOURS! (credit: lightningmaps.org via Meteo Europe)
DISCUSSION: Over the past 24 hours, there has been an impressive onsalught of strong to severe storms; primarily focused across parts of Western as well as North/Northeastern Europe! Note the particularly high-density of lightning strikes observed and recorded across parts of Eastern France, many parts of Italy, and several countries across far Eastern Europe! This very concentrated lightning across far Eastern Europe was primarily generated by a strong line of thunderstorms which moved fairly slowly off to the east-southeast with time during the course of yesterday afternoon/evening! Though this is fairly common during the heart of the famous Summer-time convective season, it is still always impressive to witness (even from a long distance perspective) such intense (and widespread) thunderstorm events across the entire expanse of Europe. To learn more about this and other high-impact weather events from across Europe, be sure to click here!
PICTURESQUE DOWNBURST OBSERVED NEAR PUEBLA DE ALCOCER IN BADAJOZ, SPAIN! (credit: David Mancebo Atienza via Meteo Europe)
DISCUSSION: As strong thunderstorms erupted over parts of Central to Eastern Spain earlier in the day on Wednesday, some of these storms moved into regions which were dominated by what are referred to as low-level lapse rates and facilitates the development of strong downward motions within thunderstorms which are scientifically referred to as downdrafts. Last rates are simply a measure of the amount of temperature change measured every 1 kilometer vertically in the atmosphere. As a result of stronger low-level lapse rates, the thunderstorms that formed in certain parts of Spain such as this storm which formed over Puebla De Alcocer in Badajoz, Spain produced an atmospheric phenomena known as a downburst. A downburst occurs within a thunderstorm when there typically is a strong gradient in the temperature and/or the moisture content within or just below the base of storm which forces the rain-cooled air descending through the middle to lower parts of the storm to speed up towards the ground. This is often visually observed as a downburst such as that seen in the image below. Often times, downbursts can often be quite destructive as well as life-threatening in many situations (particularly in more densely populated areas where more objects can easily become hazardous projectiles under the circumstances of a downburst moving through a given region)! To learn more about other high-impact weather events from across all of Europe, be sure to click here!
DISCUSSION: As of earlier today, very strong thunderstorms moved through parts of Central to Eastern Europe. In doing so, a few of these storms produced life-threatening wind events known as downbursts. Downbursts occur as a result of rain-cooled air located within the middle-to-lower portions of a given thunderstorm rushing down towards the ground and spreading out violently. These thunderstorm-induced wind events are often capable of producing severe wind damage to homes and businesses due to any loose objects in the region quickly becoming air-borne and impacting surrounding structures. Note how in the video below you can clearly see the trees being whipped back and forth very quickly in the rapidly changing wind direction and speeds. To learn more about this and other high-impact weather events from across Europe, be sure to click here!
DISCUSSION: As of earlier yesterday afternoon, there were very strong thunderstorms which developed across Western and Central Spain. However, as a result of there not being much of any westward forcing mechanisms in place, these strong thunderstorms were very slow-moving. The result of their particularly slow propagation rate was the accumulation of incredible amounts of hail as seen in the image below courtesy of @Pedromad. This is not entirely unusual in this part of Europe since Spain often experiences strong storms capable of producing strong winds and comparably-sized hail. This climatological propensity for the development of stronger storms across Central and Eastern Spain during the earlier part of the summer is a consequence of warm fronts associated with incoming low-pressure systems off of the Northeastern Atlantic Ocean being ideally positioned with respect to Central and Eastern Spain. To learn more about other high-impact weather events from across Europe, be sure to click here!Bir konutun büyük bir revizyonu planlandığında, zemini düzleştirmeden yapılamaz. Çoğu zaman, zeminde zemin kaplamasının kalitesini etkileyebilecek düzensizlikler, yanlış eğim açısı vardır. Düz olmayan zeminler, mobilyaların hizalanması, kapıların montajı veya duvar kağıdının yapıştırılmasında da sorunlara neden olabilir. Deneyimli ustalar, kaliteli bir revizyonun zeminden başladığını bilir ve bu konuyu göz ardı etmek tüm çabaları boşa çıkaracaktır. Bir apartman dairesinde zemin şapı, revizyon sürecinde çok önemli bir konudur. Zemini tesviye etmek için her biri kendi olumlu ve olumsuz tarafları olan çeşitli seçenekler vardır..
İçindekiler:
Zemini tesviye etmek için çeşitli seçenekler arasında en yaygın olanları şunlardır:
- bir tesviye çözeltisinin kullanılması;
- beton veya kumlu şap – çimento şapı;
- genişletilmiş kil kullanarak yüzeyin tesviye edilmesi;
- gecikmeler boyunca yüzeyi düzleştirmek.
Ancak farklı seçenekler üç şekilde bir araya geliyor:
- kum – çimento şapı;
- kuru şap;
- kendiliğinden yayılan bileşiklerle şap.
Bu yöntemlerin her birinin olumlu ve olumsuz yanları vardır ve zemindeki pürüzlülük derecesine bağlı olarak şu veya bu durumda kullanılabilir..
Zemin, tesviye için özel olarak hazırlanmalıdır. Uygulanması mükemmel sonuçlar verecek bir eylem algoritması vardır:
- Yüzey hazırlığı – Yüzeyi hazırlamak için, tabakanın altında çatlaklar, düzensizlikler oluşmuş, döküntü ve toz birikmiş eski kaplamayı çıkarmalısınız. Çıkıntılar ve tümsekler bir perforatör ile temizlenir, temizlenir ve mükemmel düz bir zemin elde edilir. Tüm döküntüler toplanır, böylece hiçbir şey yeni bir kaplamanın kurulumunu engellemez ve yeni kanvasın yüzeyini bozmaz.
- Yüzey su yalıtımı – Eylemin adından da anlaşılacağı gibi, bu, yüzeyin su sızıntısından izolasyonudur. Yüksek nemli veya su sızıntısı tehdidi olan odalarda, bir su yalıtım havuzu görünümü yaratılır, bu niş içinde bir şap doldurulur. Sızıntılara karşı ek koruma gerektirmeyen odalar, malzemenin ek yerlerinde, yan yüzeylerle bordürde ve boruların altında basitçe işlenir. Bazı ustalar, tüm zemin yüzeyini bir filmle kaplamanın gelecekteki şapa hiç zarar vermeyeceğini not eder..
- Amortisörün odanın çevresine döşenmesi – damper filmi, sıcaklık değişiklikleri durumunda monolitik şapların emilmesine yardımcı olur ve plakalar yan kaplamalara dokunduğunda yabancı seslere karşı koruma sağlar.
- Sıfır seviyesini bulma – zemin yüzeyinde, en yüksek noktayı bulmanız ve şapın kalınlığını buna eklemeniz, duvardaki referans çizgisinin noktasını işaretlemeniz gerekir. Bir seviye kullanarak döşenen çizginin doğruluğunu kontrol etmek gerekir. Ayrıca seçilen yüksekliğin kapıların açılmasını etkileyip etkilemeyeceğini, pilleri yükseltmeye gerek olup olmadığını da göz önünde bulundurmalısınız. İşin bitiminden sonra kendinizi zor bir durumda bulmamak için bu önemli sorular gözden kaçırılmamalıdır..
Bir apartman veya evdeki kaplamanın uzun süre hizmet verebilmesi için zemin şapı konusuna sorumlu bir şekilde yaklaşmak gerekir. Şu anda kuru şap, en basit, en hızlı ve en uygun maliyetli olarak kabul edilir. Ancak her yöntem gibi bu yöntemin de avantajları ve dezavantajları vardır. Başarılı bir sonuç, doğru prosedüre bağlıdır ve bunun için kuru şap teknolojisini ayrıntılı ve ayrıntılı olarak incelemek gerekir..
Bu yöntem ev ustalarına açıktır, yani nispeten kolay bir seçenektir. Şap prosedürünün kendisi aşamalara ayrılmıştır:
- su yalıtımı;
- genişletilmiş kil ile dolgu;
- güçlü malzeme levhalarını istifleme.
Böyle bir şapı iki tip yüzeyde yapabilirsiniz:
- beton üzerinde;
- gecikmelerde.
Kendi başınıza kuru şap yapmak için gerekli malzemeleri hazırlamanız gerekir:
- su yalıtım filmi;
- fenerleri sabitlemek için metal profiller;
- damper bandı;
- Genişletilmiş kil;
- sunta levhalar, kontrplak, alçı elyafı;
- zamk;
- kendiliğinden takılan vidalar;
- vidalar;
- seviye;
- kalemler, uzun cetvel.
Bu teknolojinin çeşitli avantajları vardır. Yöntemin ana avantajları arasında şunlar yer almaktadır:
- bu teknoloji ile, yöntem su kullanımını hariç tuttuğu için kir yoktur;
- büyük zaman tasarrufu, beklemeye gerek yok, yüzey hemen kullanıma hazır;
- sadece onarım için uygun mevsimlerde değil, tüm yıl boyunca şap yapma yeteneği;
- teknoloji, nispeten hafif olduğu için harap veya eski binalarda kullanım için özellikle değerlidir;
- iyi yalıtım özelliklerine sahiptir – su, ses ve ısı yalıtımı;
- ekonomik bir yöntem – onarım ekipleri kiralamanıza gerek yok, asistanların katılımı olmadan bile kendiniz bir şap yapabilirsiniz;
- minimum enerji harcaması – hızlı ve fazla enerji tüketimi olmadan bir şap yapabilirsiniz;
- nihai sonuç ayarlanabilir ve iyileştirilebilir;
- iletişim kurulumu için kısıtlama yok.
Kuru yöntem için en sık genişletilmiş kil kullanılır. Bu madde düzensizlikleri düzeltmeye, çöküntüleri doldurmaya yardımcı olur..
Teknoloji, çok düzensiz zemin yüzeyleri için kullanılır. Bu durumda beton şap kullanımı sorunludur, ayrıca çok ağır olacaktır ve bu, döşeme plakaları için aşırı yük oluşturabilir. Ve farklı harç seviyeleri nedeniyle düzensiz kuruma çatlamaya yol açacaktır..
Çalışmaya başlamadan önce, teorik konuları ayrıntılı olarak incelemeli ve gerekli malzeme ve araçları stoklamalısınız. Gereksiz malzemelere para harcamamak veya eksik malzeme aramamak için gerekli malzemenin boyutunu ve miktarını doğru bir şekilde hesaplamanız gerekir. Doğru hesaplamalar için basit aritmetik işlemler yapmak gerekir – odanın alanını sayfanın alanına bölün, sonuç olarak gerekli sayfa sayısı bilinecektir. Bir film satın alırken, ek bir çekim satın almanız gerekir, çünkü bir kenar boşluğu ile döşemeniz, kenarları üst üste bindirmeniz ve duvar boyunca bükülmek için yer bırakmanız gerekir. Malzemelerin geri kalanı şapın kalınlığı dikkate alınarak hesaplanır..
Çalışmayı yapmadan önce zemin yüzeyini hazırlamak gerekir. Eski kaplama kaldırılır ve zemin beton levhaya kadar serbest bırakılır. Özel bir harç ile çimentolanarak yüzey kusurları giderilir. Tamamen kuruduktan sonra yüzey kirden arındırılır..
Temizlenen yüzeye su yalıtım malzemesi serilir. Malzemenin zemini tamamen kapladığını ve ayrıca konutun tüm çevresini çevreleyen duvarların yüzeyini kontrol etmeye değer. Duvarda kalan yer, genişletilmiş kil veya benzeri malzemenin doldurulacağı seviyeye karşılık gelir. Filmin kenarları özel inşaat bandı ile sabitlenmiştir. Bu, alt katlardan veya bodrum katlardan gelen döşeme plakaları yoluyla nemli havadan korumayı garanti eder..
Daha sonra filme bir amortisör bandı yapıştırılır, zahmetsizce yapıştırılır. Koruyucu kapağı çıkarmanız ve filme yapıştırmanız yeterlidir. Şapın duvarlarla temasını engeller. Ayrıca bandın bir özelliği de gıcırtı korumasıdır..
Hazırlık çalışmaları ve su yalıtımının kurulumundan sonra, işaretlerin kurulumuna geçerler. Bunun için birkaç kendinden kılavuzlu vida ve bir lazer seviyesi kullanılır. Düzey doğru yatay çizgileri işaretler. İşaretler, sıva veya çimento harcı ile her iki tarafa sabitlenir.
Bir sonraki aşama dolgudur – granit eleme, genişletilmiş kil veya dolgu için özel bir madde olabilir. Çoğu zaman, seçim genişletilmiş kil üzerindedir. Bu durumda ince taneli genişletilmiş kil seçmek gerekir. Büyük granüller zemini düzleştirmeyi zorlaştırabilir. Genişletilmiş kil parçalar halinde doldurulur, bu nedenle karışımı dağıtmak ve tabakanın doğru kalınlığını kontrol etmek daha uygundur. En az otuz santimetre yapılması tavsiye edilir. Dolgunun yüksekliğini önceden kurulmuş işaretlere göre eşitleyin.
Kuru karışım serildikten sonra yüzey dayanıklı malzemeden levhalarla kaplanır. Alçı elyaf levhalar, sunta veya kontrplak olabilir. İnce levhalar üst üste istiflenir ve tutkal ve kendinden kılavuzlu vidalarla sabitlenir. Malzeme bir buçuk santimetreden daha kalınsa, tek kat halinde döşeyebilirsiniz. Bu tür malzemenin yüzeyi sonunda mastik veya kuruyan yağ gibi koruyucu solüsyonlarla kaplanır. Levhaları, aralarında minimum boşluk olacak şekilde yerleştirmek gerekir. Levhalar birbirine temas edecek kadar sıkı değilse, dikişler arasındaki boşluklar macunla kapatılmalıdır..
Kısmi dolgu ile işlemin girişten en uzak köşeden başlayacağı ve dolgu tamamlandıysa ön kapıdan başlayacağı bir anı dikkate almak gerekir..
Levhalar istiflendiğinde, odanın çevresinde görünen filmi kesmek gerekir..
Bu yöntemlerin her birinin kendi avantajları vardır, ancak kuru ve beton şapı karşılaştırırken, kuru yöntemin önceliğini gösteren birkaç nokta ayırt edilebilir..
Kuru şapın özellikleri:
- yüzey kurutma gerektirmez;
- yüksek üretim hızına sahiptir;
- hava koşullarına ve sıcaklık koşullarına bağlı değildir;
- genişletilmiş kil nedeniyle ısı korunur;
- yüksek ses yalıtımı.
Çimento şapının özellikleri:
- uzun kuruma süresi, bir aydan fazla;
- uzun üretim süresi, bir haftadan fazla;
- sıcak bir mevsim gerektirir, doğrudan sıcaklık rejimine bağlıdır;
- düşük ısı tutma yeteneği;
- düşük seviyede
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politici smettano di lavorare e dedichino la loro vita alle carriere dei loro coniugi? Normalizza i coniugi politici (e soprattutto le mogli) che hanno una vita piena e una carriera tutta loro!
La giornalista di Atlanta Patricia Murphy ha condiviso la storia online che mentre Ossoff stava celebrando la sua vittoria, sua moglie era tipo, simpatica, congratulazioni, ma devo andare al lavoro. Kramer è un residente presso il Dipartimento di Ginecologia e Ostetricia presso la Emory University School of Medicine e mentre arrivavano i rendimenti, lavorava con un turno notturno regolarmente programmato.
mi hanno detto @ossoff sta guardando il ritorno con la sua squadra della campagna, ma non sua moglie, la dottoressa Alisha Kramer. È un'ostetrica e fa il turno di notte, quindi dovrà ricevere le notizie dei pazienti in b/n. #gas #gapol
— Patricia Murphy (@1PatriciaMurphy) 6 gennaio 2021
Quindi Ossoff è il simpatico democratico millenario della Georgia e sua moglie è un medico incentrato sulla carriera che sta cambiando la definizione di cosa significhi essere una moglie del Senato o una moglie del Senato.
Durante una diretta su Facebook a ottobre, Ossoff e Kramer hanno affrontato insieme varie domande sulla salute degli elettori di Ossoff e Kramer è stata in grado di rispondere alle domande sull'ACA e sulla risposta sanitaria alle crisi COVID-19 meglio di qualsiasi politico, perché è una vera medico. Anche in quell'intervista, Ossoff ha chiamato Kramer la mia persona preferita in tutto il mondo, la mia migliore amica, mia moglie, la fantastica dottoressa Alisha Kramer, ginecologa/ostetrica, che è il mio eroe, il mio modello e la mia guida.功能：她必定还活在漫无边际的乌黑里...
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软件介绍：我还要再让小孟在家里多摆上一架钢琴
旁边是一张服装台.
从那时辰起
否则等下出了甚么意外
下车...
黑眸变得有些柔和...
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软件名称：小雅也等了你这么多年...
两手赶忙往门上一撑
我去做饭
则是挂着他们两人那副除夜除夜的成婚照
你在说些甚么啊？
她就感应背后正有一丝冷汗在滋蔓着
咦
;我想”“
很快就发现了战北城那张不自然的俊脸به گزارش اقتصادنیوز ،در دویست و هشتاد و هفتمین جلسه علنی شورا، یک فوریت لایحه شهردار تهران در خصوص «تعیین ضابطه تعرفه گذاریهای محصولات حاصل از طرح های سرمایه گذاری مشارکت عمومی_خصوصی» به بررسی گذاشته شد و مناف هاشمی معاونت حمل و نقل شهرداری تهران در خصوص فوریت این لایحه گفت: به استناد ماده 27 قانون الحاقی برخی از مقررات دولت و همچنین تبصره 18 و 19 قانون بودجه سنواتی، برای اینکه بخش خصوصی را به حوزه حمل و نقل عمومی جذب کنیم، و با توجه به اینکه تعرفههای شورای شهر برای این سرمایهگذاران به صرفه نیست، باید این اجازه را داشته باشیم تا بتوانیم یک مسیر خط مترو یا اتوبوس را به سرمایه گذاران بسپاریم که برایشان واگن و اتوبوس تهیه کنند، در حال حاضر هم یک سرمایهگذار در فراخوان برنده شده و قرار است 50 اتوبوس برقی وارد کند.
او ادامه داد، چند امتیاز برای این سرمایهگذاران در نظر گرفتیم که یکی اجازه تبلیغات است و دیگری بهینهسازی مصرف سوخت و نکته سوم بحث تعرفه و قیمت است.
مناف هاشمی افزود: باید یک اجازه کلی برای تعرفه و قیمت در مذاکرات با سرمایهگذاران داشته باشیم. هرچند پس از قطعی شدن، دوباره قیمت را از شورا خواهیم پرسید.
محسن هاشمی در مخالفت گفت: این موضوع به مجوز نیاز ندارد و در حال حاضر هم همین کار را میکنیم. به نظر این لایحه جوی را مبتنی بر افزایش قیمتها ایجاد میکند.
زهرا نژاد بهرام بعنوان موافق گفت: به چند دلیل موافقم. اولا ما برای نوسازی ناوگان حمل و نقل عمومی نیاز به حرکات ضربتی داریم و اگر شورا نمیتواند به تنهایی تصمیم بگیرد، میتواند به شهرداری اجازه مذاکره بدهد.
دوم اینکه ناوگان حمل و نقل عمومی رسما نیمه فعال است و دچار کمبود ناوگان هستیم.
دلیل سوم من برای موافقت با این لایحه این است که با توجه به شیوع کرونا ما به جذب سرمایه برای افزایش ظرفیت حمل و نقل عمومی نیاز داریم. اینکه شهرداری سرمایهگذارانی برای تجهیز ناوگاه حمل و نقل عمومی تهران جذب کند کار بسیار ارزشمندی است.
سپس محمد سالاری با طرح پرسشی بیان داشت: موضوع حمل و نقل عمومی به ابر مشکل شهر تهران تبدیل شده است و با توجه به محدودیت های مالی، مهمترین راهکار ورود بخش خصوصی است. اما لطفاً آقای مناف توضیح دهند که آیا شهرداری میخواهد از شورا مجوز بگیرد که با مصوبه شورا مابهالتفاوت را مبتنی بر یک ساختاری به بخش خصوصی پرداخت کند؟
محسن هاشمی در پاسخ به ین پرسش سالاری گفت: قانونی به نام قانون حمایت از تولید کننده و مصرف کننده وجود دارد. در همه جای جهان یارانه ها را حذف کردهاند جز در حمل و نقل عمومی، چون هم هدف محیط زیستی دارند و هم هدف حمایت از جامعه. اما در کشور ما به سوخت یارانه داده میشود اما به حمل و نقل عمومی نه. و میخواهند حمل و نقل عمومی را به بخش خصوصی واگذار کنند. شهرداری این اختیار را دارد و درحال حاضر هم چنین کاری میکند.
حجت نظری نیز در مخالفت با این لایحه افزود: مذاکره صرف مجوز نمیخواهد. از طرفی خود شهرداری میگوید هر قیمتگذاری بعدی باید در قالب یک لایحه باشد. با این وصف اگر قرار باشد هر بار یک لایحه ارائه شود، پس لایحه امروز نیاز نبوده است و فقط منجر به شانتاژ علیه مدیریت شهری خواهد شد.
او افزود: مصوبهای وجود دارد بنام طرح جامع سرمایهگذاری و این مصوبه شورا، امور سرمایهگذاری را به سازمان سرمایهگذاری واگذار کرده است، لذا بهتر است این کار به جای معاونت حمل و نقل به عهده سازمان سرمایه گذاری گذاشته شود.
هاشمی نیز ادامه داد: خصوصی سازی، ناوگان اتوبوسرانی تهران را نابود کرده است.
مرتضی الویری رییس کمیسیون برنامه و بودجه شورا هم بهعنوان موافق گفت: این لایحه اصلا مربوط به کاهش یا افزایش قیمت نیست. چراکه اگر قیمتگذاری بیشتر از عدد استاندارد شود، شهرداری مابهالتفاوت آن را بصورت سوبسید پرداخت میکند.
وی افزود: دوستان دقت داشته باشند که شهرداری میخواهد برای پروژه های مشارکتی قیمت کالا و خدمات را تعیین کند و این موضوع حیاتی و ضروری است.
محمد علیخانی هم در موافقت با این لایحه گفت: این لایحه یک ضابطهگذاری برای مذاکره است. پیشنهاد میکنم که دوستان با فوریت طرح موافقت کنند و سپس دو کمیسیون عمران و حمل و نقل و برنامه و بودجه، طرح را بررسی و به صحن ارائه کنند و به رای گذاشته شود..
در نهایت این لایحه به رای گذاشته شد و با ۱۳ رای موافق به تصویب رسید.It’s that time of year when many managers and leaders are gearing up for performance reviews – and when the idea of giving or receiving anything less than positive feedback can send both participants into a pit of anxiety. While feedback conversations are intended to improve performance, research by Columbia University neuroscientist Kevin Ochsner shows that giving feedback only succeeds at improving performance 30% of the time. The rest of the time performance either remains the same or gets worse. That means that 70% of the time, feedback is not having its intended impact!
Feedback conversations don’t have to be painful and ineffective. Even when you have tough feedback to deliver, you can do it in a way that is well-received by your employees. It all comes down to understanding how our brains react to threats. When you make feedback less threatening and more rewarding, you increase your chances of it being received in a more positive way.
Thanks to advances in the emerging field of NeuroLeadership, which focuses on how neuroscience can be applied to leadership development and performance improvement, leaders have greater opportunities to improve efficiency in organizations by understanding more about how the brain works.
Your brain on feedback
The fundamental organizing principle of the brain is a “minimize danger, maximize reward” function that is designed to keep us safe from anything perceived as a threat. When we feel threatened, we shut down, and that’s what happens when we’re given feedback in an ineffective way. The more we understand how our brain works and reacts to the world around us, the better we can be at delivering feedback.
The amygdala is the key part of our brain that receives information through our senses and translates these into emotions. This is where our “fight or flight” response happens; the response that determines if we are in danger, which then signals a reaction in the brain and body to keep us away from that threat. When our brain perceives a threat, our amygdala is “hijacked” in order to avoid that threat — leading to reduced analytical thinking, creative insight, and problem-solving. Giving feedback the wrong way can send the receiver into a threat response, where they can’t properly internalize or respond to the feedback you’re giving them.
A brain-based approach to improving feedback conversations
The popular SCARF model, created by David Rock, points to five key factors that can trigger a threat or reward response: status, certainty, autonomy, relatedness, and fairness. For example, if feedback is being delivered in a way that feels unfair or makes the person receiving feedback feel uncertain, this can trigger a threat response. However, if you ensure the feedback being given to your employee is fair and delivered in a way that allows them to feel open and comfortable receiving it, you can avoid triggering their threat response.
Considering these five key factors can help you understand what about your current way of delivering feedback might be putting your team into threat mode. This table offers tangible tips on how to avoid things that trigger threat mode and how to improve the way you give feedback in the future:
How your feedback style may be creating a threat response
- Giving advice or instructions
- Letting employees know when they are unsuccessful at a task
- Saying, “Can I give you some feedback?”
- Showing superiority over employee
- Putting employee in an unfamiliar situations or giving them an unfamiliar task
- Too much uncertainty in your delivery
- When you tell them blatantly what they shouldn’t do
- Making employees feel that they have no choice or can’t execute on their own decisions
- Not creating connection or trust
- Not showing care or empathy
- Not helping the employee to feel like they’re a valuable part of the team and company
- Treating employees differently
- Focusing solely on the negative
- Not being as transparent as possible
How you can improve the way you give feedback
- Let employees know that you’re a resource for them
- Sit on the same side of the table
- Get out of your office to have the conversation
- Recognize areas of improvement that you have noticed
- Explain reasoning for decisions and be specific on objectives
- Focus attention on what to do, rather than what not to do
- Cover the agenda of the conversation before diving in
- Make sure it’s a good time for them to have the conversation
- Find a way to create choices and options wherever possible
- Share your own challenges that you have worked to overcome
- Help the employee also see what they are doing right
- Focus on actionable “task” level feedback
- Make conversation first and make a connection
- Treat each employee as consistently as possible
- Remain objective
- Recognize achievements at an equal or greater rate
- Be open and transparent
Elena is a consultant at Blue Beyond with expertise in organizational development, leadership development, and talent management. She holds a PhD in Industrial Organizational Psychology and has contributed to published research entitled “Managers’ and Diversity Experts’ Perceptions of Multiculturalism and Internationalism in Organizations.”The princeton university library has announced that the major portion of the toni morrison papers — part of the study of morrison's manuscripts. Welcome to the litcharts study guide on toni morrison's recitatif created by the original team behind sparknotes, litcharts are the world's best literature guides “recitatif” is set during three different time periods, all of which saw notable racial tensions and shifts in culture within the. Ap literature toni morrison author discussion ap literature toni morrison author discussion skip navigation sign in search loading close. Writing an essay on toni morrison nobel prize lecture by author toni morrison her study found that adolescent women of ecuador are able to consume media. The toni morrison society is a non-profit literary of the coalition of author societies that to the study of the works of toni morrison.
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2018. Term Papers.NWA 7034 diye adlandırılan meteorit, 2013'te Sahra Çölü'nde bulunmuştu.
Yolculuğuna 2,1 milyar yıl önce başladığı belirlenen göktaşına, parlak siyah yapısından dolayı "Siyah Güzellik" lakabı takılmıştı.
Bilim insanları keşfedildiğinden beri bu göktaşı üzerinde incelemeler yapıyor.
fazla oku
Bu bölüm, konuyla ilgili referans noktalarını içerir. (Related Nodes field)
Avustralya'daki Curtin Üniversitesi'nden Morgan Cox'un liderliğindeki araştırmacılar, göktaşındaki 66 zirkon tanesini analiz etti. Zirkon, oluştuğu sırada gezegenin koşullarıyla ilgili kanıtları sakladığı için genellikle "zaman makinesi" diye niteleniyor.
İncelenen örnekler arasında, yaklaşık 4,45 milyar yıl önce oluştuğu tespit edilen bir zirkon tanesi, gerçekten de Mars'ın tarihine eşsiz bir pencere açtı.
Söz konusu örnekte en az 20 ila 30 gigapaskal (basıncı ölçmek için kullanılan birim) basınç altında meydana gelebilen izler tespit edildi. "Şok mikroyapıları" adı verilen bu izler ancak büyük darbeler sırasında kayalarda oluşabiliyordu.
Bu tür izler daha önce Dünya ve Ay'daki kristal kayaçlarda görülmüştü ama Mars örneklerinde bunlara hiç rastlanmamıştı.
Ekibin lideri Cox, "Bu zirkon tanesi Kızıl Gezegen'den gelen, bir defaya mahsus bir hediye" dedi:
Yüksek basınçlı şok deformasyonu Siyah Güzellik'te daha önce incelediğimiz hiçbir mineralde tespit edilmemişti.
Bu şok izleri gezegenlerin göktaşı "bombardımanına" tutulduğu anlamına geliyor.
Daha önce bu izlere rastlanmadığı için bilim insanları, önceki araştırmalardan hareketle, yaklaşık 4 milyar yıl önce Mars'ta yaşama uygun koşulların var olduğunu düşünmüştü.
Zira bu durum
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ığı olan kanser hastalarının yaşam beklentilerine kadar, deneyim esasen aynı olmuştur.
Uzmanlar genellikle derin bilgiye sahip olsalar da, genellikle iyi tahminlerde bulunmazlar.
İnsanlar tahminlerde bulunduğunda, bilgelik "rastgele gürültü" ile karışır. Gürültü ile, yorgunluk, can sıkıntısı ve insan olmanın diğer belirsizlikleri nedeniyle insan yargılarına sızan tutarsızlıkları kastediyoruz. Uzman yargısını bir karar verme modeline dahil eden önyükleme, uzmanın görüşlerini korurken bu tür tutarsızlıkları ortadan kaldırır. Ancak bu, insan yargısı kendi başına kullanıldığında oluşmaz. Örneğin klasik bir tıbbi çalışmada, dokuz radyologa 96 şüpheli mide ülseri vakasından bilgiler sunuldu ve bunları bir malignite olasılığı açısından değerlendirmeleri istendi. Bir hafta sonra, radyologlara bu sefer farklı bir sırada olmasına rağmen aynı bilgiler gösterildi. Vakaların% 23'ünde ikinci değerlendirmeler ilkinden farklıydı. Radyologların hiçbiri iki değerlendirmede tamamen tutarlı değildi ve bazıları neredeyse yarısı tutarsızdı.
Tıptan finansa kadar çeşitli alanlarda, çok sayıda çalışma, uzmanları, tahmin modelleriyle değiştirmenin üstün tahminlere yol açtığını göstermiştir. Çoğu durumda, önyükleme modeli kendi başına uzmanlardan daha iyi performans gösterdi. Bununla birlikte, önyükleme modelleri, tahminlerde bulunurken en önemli faktörleri belirlemek için genellikle insan uzmanlara ihtiyaç duyulduğundan, oldukça ilkel olma eğilimindedir. İnsanlar aynı zamanda tahmin değişkenlerine puanlar atamada da etkilidir (üniversite başvuruları için tavsiye mektuplarının gücünü veya tıbbi vakalarda hastaların genel sağlığını değerlendirmek gibi). Dahası, insanlar modelin ne zaman güncelliğini yitirdiğini ve güncellenmesi gerektiğini fark etmekte iyidir.
Önyükleme, yapay zekadaki derin sinir ağlarının yüksek teknolojili cazibesinden yoksundur. Bununla birlikte, uzman sezgisinin değeri de dahil olmak üzere, modellerin ve insanların güçlerini birleştirmenin potansiyel faydalarının en ikna edici gösterilerinden biri olmaya devam ediyor. Aynı zamanda, daha fazla insan müdahalesine izin vermenin (örneğin, bir doktorun modelin ötesine geçen bir bilgiye sahip olması) daha fazla fayda sağlayıp sağlamayacağı sorusunu da gündeme getirmektedir. Bu tür durumlarda, insanların modeli çok sık geçersiz kılma riski vardır, çünkü çok fazla durumu özel veya benzersiz olarak değerlendireceklerdir. Ek uzman bakış açısını dahil etmenin bir yolu, uzmana (örneğin, bir kredi görevlisi veya bir doktor) modelin tavsiyesine sınırlı sayıda geçersiz kılma izni vermektir.
Pazarlama uzmanları tarafından yapılan bir saha araştırması, perakende sektöründe insanları ve modelleri birleştirmenin etkilerini test etti. Araştırmacılar iki farklı durumu inceledi:
(1) moda ürünleri için katalog satışlarının profesyonel alıcılarının tahminleri ve
(2) marka yöneticilerinin kupon-itfa oranları tahminleri.
Araştırmacılar gerçek sonuçları elde ettikten sonra, sonuçları tahminlerle karşılaştırdılar. Ardından, farklı insan ve model kombinasyonlarının aynı görevleri nasıl yerine getirebileceğini test ettiler. Araştırmacılar, hem katalog satışlarında hem de kupon geri ödeme ayarlarında, insan ve model arasında eşit bir dengenin en iyi tahminleri verdiğini buldular.
Yapay Zeka ile Deney Yapın
Bootstrapping, insan muhakemesinin süreç modellerine girmeden modelleme uzmanlığına yönelik basit bir girdi-çıktı yaklaşımı kullanır. Buna göre, önyükleme, insan içgörülerinden veya madencilik büyük veri kümelerinden elde edilen değişkenler arasında daha karmaşık ilişkilere izin veren yapay zeka teknolojileri ile artırılabilir.
Daha derin bilişsel içgörüler, yapay zekanın ilk günlerinde usta satranç oyuncularının bilgisayar modellemesini geri getirdi. Ancak insan düşüncesini modellemenin - tüm önyargılarıyla - sınırları vardır; Bilgisayarlar, eski verileri incelemek için yalnızca üstün bilgi işlem gücünü kullanarak bir avantaj geliştirebilirler. IBM Corp.'un Deep Blue süper bilgisayarı 1997'de dünya satranç şampiyonu Garry Kasparov'u bu şekilde yenmeyi başardı. Bugün yapay zeka, bilgisayarla görme, doğal dil kavrama, robotik ve makine öğrenimi dahil olmak üzere çeşitli makine zekası türlerini kapsıyor. Bununla birlikte, yapay zeka hala insanların sahip olduğu ve etki alanlarını kesebilecek türden geniş bir zekaya sahip değil. Dolayısıyla, bağlamsal zeka, yeni bir şey üretme veya dünya hakkında geniş bilgiye ihtiyaç duyulduğunda insan uzmanlar önemli olmaya devam ediyor.
İnsanlar, yeni uyaranları kafalarındaki zihinsel modellere bağlamak için örüntü eşleştirme ve hikaye anlatma gibi çeşitli bilişsel mekanizmaları kullanarak çevrelerindeki karmaşık dünyayı basitleştirir. Örneğin, psikologlar sahte cinayet davalarında jüri üyelerini incelerken, jüri üyelerinin mevcut sınırlı verilerden hikayeler oluşturduklarını ve ardından ilk hikayeyi güçlendirmek için yeni bilgiler işlediklerini keşfettiler. Burada risk, insanların kendi ilk hikayelerine hapsolması ve ardından teyit edici kanıtları kendi iç anlatılarına uymayan bilgilerden daha ağır bir şekilde tartmaya başlamasıdır. İnsanlar genellikle gerçekte orada olmayan kalıplar görürler veya yeni verilerin hikayeyi değiştirmeyi gerektirdiğini göremezler.
İnsan uzmanlar tipik olarak bilinmeyen oranlarda sinyal, gürültü ve önyargı ile davranırlar. Bu da bu üç bileşenin saha ayarlarında çözülmesini zorlaştırır. İnsanların veya bilgisayarların üstünlüğü ele alması, üstlenilen görevlerin tanıdık veya benzersiz olması da dahil olmak üzere birçok faktöre bağlıdır. Görevler aşina olduğunda ve çok fazla veri mevcut olduğunda, bilgisayarlar veriye dayalı olarak ve bir vakadan diğerine son derece tutarlı olarak insanları yenecektir. Ancak görevler benzersiz olduğunda (yeniliklerin daha önemli olabileceği yerlerde) ve aşırı veri yükü insanlar için bir sorun olmadığında, insanlar muhtemelen bir avantaja sahip olacaktır. (Bkz. "İnsanların ve Bilgisayarların Karşılaştırmalı Avantajları".)
Geri besleme döngüleri, gecikmeler ve istikrarsızlık ile dinamik olarak karmaşık alanları anlamada insanların modellere göre bir avantajı olduğu düşünülebilir. Ancak psikologlar, simülasyonlu dinamik ortamlarda insanların karmaşık ilişkileri nasıl öğrendiklerini incelediler (örneğin, bir havayolunun stratejik kararlarını modelleyen bir bilgisayar oyunu veya yeni bir ürünü yöneten bir elektronik şirketininkiler). Her oyun turundan sonra kapsamlı geri bildirim aldıktan sonra bile, insan denekler zamanla sadece yavaş bir şekilde uyum sağlayabildiler ve basit bilgisayar modellerini geçemediler. Bu, karmaşık dinamik ortamlar için modeller oluştururken insan uzmanlığının ne kadar arzu edildiğine dair soruları gündeme getiriyor. Bunu öğrenmenin en iyi yolu, insanların ve modellerin belirli alanlarda ne kadar iyi performans gösterdiğini karşılaştırmak ve belki de farklı yaklaşımları entegre eden hibrit modeller geliştirmektir.
Yapay Zeka sistemleri, son yıllarda hızla gelişiyor. Geleneksel uzman sistemler, zaman kurallarını kullanarak insan uzmanlığını taklit eden kurala dayalı modeller kullandı (örneğin, "X, Y ve Z semptomları mevcutsa, önce 5. çözümü deneyin."). Ancak günümüzde çoğu yapay zeka uygulaması, girdi değişkenleri ve çıktı sonuçları arasında yeni bağlantılar arayan ağ yapılarını kullanır. Yapay zeka uygulamalarında kullanılan derin sinir ağlarında amaç, sistemin karmaşık ilişkileri keşfedebilmesi ve daha fazla geri bildirim sağlandığında bunları iyileştirebilmesi için çok büyük veri setlerini analiz etmektir. Yapay zeka, satranç ve Go gibi oyunlar oynamak, araba sürmek, konuşmayı sentezlemek ve dili çevirmek gibi belirli görevler için geliştirilen derin sinir ağları sayesinde gelişiyor.
Şirketler, sektörlerinde hangi yönlerin benimsenmeye ve uyarlanmaya en değer olduğunu belirlemek için yapay zeka uygulamalarının gelişimini yakından takip etmelidir. Westport, Connecticut merkezli bir riskten korunma fonu şirketi olan Bridgewater Associates LP, halihazırda yapay zeka ile deneyler yapan bir şirkete örnektir. Bridgewater Associates, organizasyondaki en iyi beyinlerden içgörüler alarak firmanın yönetiminin çoğunu otomatikleştirmek için tasarlanmış çeşitli algoritmik modeller geliştiriyor.
Çoğu insanın sergilediği türden yapay genel zeka, hedeflenen yapay zeka uygulamalarından daha yavaş ortaya çıkıyor. Yapay genel zeka, konuşma tanıma, fotoğraflardaki nesne sınıflandırması veya el yazısı analizi gibi dar alanlara odaklanan yüksek ticari değerli çalışma ile mevcut yapay zeka araştırmasının oldukça küçük bir kısmı olmaya devam ediyor. Yine de, genel yapay zeka fikri, çok çeşitli karmaşık görevleri yerine getirebilen gerçek hayattaki robotları tasvir eden filmlerle popülerlik sağladı. Yakın dönemde, en iyi tahmine dayalı iş sistemleri, her birinin karşılaştırmalı avantajlarını elde etmek için muhtemelen karmaşık bir insan ve makine katmanını kullanacak. İnsan uzmanlar, makinelerden farklı olarak, gerçek dünya bağlamlarına doğal olarak duyarlı olan ve derin bir kendini yansıtma ve ahlaki yargılara sahip olan genel zekaya sahiptir.
Kuruluşun Çalışma Biçimini Değiştirin
Bize göre, en güçlü karar destek sistemleri, birden çok teknolojiyi bir araya getiren melezlerdir. Bu tür karar yardımları, satış tahmini gibi dar uygulamaların ötesine geçerek, IBM'in Watson gibi daha geniş sistemler için bir temel sağlamaya doğru genişleyerek, diğer şeylerin yanı sıra, doktorların karmaşık tıbbi teşhisler yapmasına yardımcı olacak şekilde giderek yaygınlaşacak. Zamanla, temel teknolojilerin gittikçe daha karmaşık hale gelmesini, sonunda karar destek cihazlarının çoğu insan danışmanla eşit veya ondan daha iyi olacağı noktaya ulaşmasını bekliyoruz.
Makineler daha sofistike hale geldikçe, insanlar ve kuruluşlar da gelişecek. Çoğu kuruluşta çoğu zaman insan yargılarını zayıflatan aşırı gürültüyü ortadan kaldırmak ve gerçekten önemli olan sinyalleri güçlendirmek için iki strateji öneriyoruz.
Birincisi, kuruluşlar, zaman içindeki doğruluğunu izlemek için insanların yargılarını "tahmin bankalarında" kaydedebilirler. Aşırı genel olmaktan ziyade, tahminler net olmalıdır. Böylece daha sonra kesin olarak puanlanabilirler (herhangi bir yuvarlama olmadan).
İkincisi, yöneticiler tahmin bankasında kişisel performans puanları biriktirdikten sonra, geçmiş performansları “itibar sermayelerini” belirlemeye yardımcı olabilir (bu, gelecekteki kararlarda görüşlerinin ne kadar ağırlık alacağını belirleyebilir). Bridgewater Associates'in kurucusu Ray Dalio bu yönde ilerliyor. Kişisel gelişim için yüksek şeffaflık ve teşviklerle yargıları sürekli olarak kaydeden, puanlayan ve değerlendiren bir kültür oluşturmak için bir dizi kural ve yönetim ilkesi geliştirmiştir.
Gerçekten zeki işletmeler, bilgi ekonomilerinde rekabet eden şirketler için rekabet avantajları yaratmak amacıyla, bilinen zaaflar ve önyargılar da dahil olmak üzere insan yargısının yumuşak tarafını büyük verilerin ve iş analitiğinin zor tarafıyla harmanlayacaktır. Organizasyonel bir perspektiften, öngördüğümüz dönüşüm türü üç faktöre odaklanmayı gerektirecektir.
İlki stratejik odaklanmayı içerir. Liderlerin ne tür bir zeka gücü geliştirmek istediklerini belirlemeleri gerekecek. Örneğin, belirsizlik altında üstün insan yargıları geliştirmek mi, yoksa otomasyonun sınırlarını zorlamak mı istiyorlar.
İkinci olarak, şirketlerin yargılayıcı zekayı daha iyi kalibre edilmiş öznel olasılıklara dönüştürebilecek zihniyetleri, becerileri, alışkanlıkları ve ödülleri oluşturmaya odaklanmaları gerekecektir.
Üçüncüsü ise, tüm bunlar, teşviklerin değiştirilmesini ve gerektiğinde bilgi ve tahmin silolarının parçalanmasını gerektirecek, böylece bilgi en çok ihtiyaç duyulan yere kolayca akabilecek.
Tahmin biliminin nasıl geliştirileceğini tartıştıktan sonra, kendisinin geleceğini tahmin etmek uygun görünmektedir. Karşılaştırma açısından, tıbbın, kan almanın yaygın olduğu zamandan, kontrol gruplarına, plasebolara ve kanıta dayalı araştırmalara dayanan daha bilimsel bir yaklaşımla çok hızlı bir şekilde ortaya çıktığını belirtmek gerekir. Şu anda, öznel öngörü alanı, bilişsel bilimdeki gelişmeler sayesinde kendi kara büyüsünün ötesine geçiyor. Tahmin yöntemlerinin ne kadar sıklıkla başarısız olduğu göz önüne alındığında, en iyi stratejileri ortaya çıkarmak için deneylere ve saha çalışmalarına dayanan sonuç odaklı yaklaşımlara dikkat etmemiz gerekecek.
Devam eden zorluklara rağmen, dış dünya daha karmaşık hale gelse bile öznel tahmin bilimi giderek daha iyi hale geliyor. Kalabalığın bilgeliğine dayalı yaklaşımlardan ve tahmin pazarlarından tahmini turnuvalara, büyük veri ve iş analitiğine ve yapay zekaya kadar, en iyi yaklaşımları belirleme konusunda çok umut var. Bununla birlikte, öznel tahminin nasıl geliştirileceği konusunda kafa karışıklığı vardır. Örneğin, sigorta şirketleri hâlâ terörizm, küresel ısınma ve jeopolitik kargaşanın yol açtığı riskleri uygun şekilde fiyatlandırmak için mücadele ediyor.
Bilişsel bilim devrimi, iş dünyası liderleri için hem umut hem de zorluk taşır. Çoğu şirket için şeytan ayrıntıda gizlenecek: hangi insan ve makine yaklaşımları hangi konulara uygulanacak ve çeşitli yaklaşımların nasıl birleştirileceği hala soru işareti. Tüm bunları sıralamak kolay olmayacak çünkü insanlar ve makineler çok farklı şekillerde düşünüyor. Ancak, öngörünün önemli olduğu görevlerle uğraşırken genellikle ortak bir analitik hedef ve karşılaştırma noktası vardır: ticari veya politik öneme sahip olaylara iyi ayarlanmış olasılık yargıları atamak. Öznel olasılıklar açısından ifade edilen gerçek dünya tahminlerine odaklandık çünkü bu tür yargılar, sonuçlar bilindikten sonra nesnel olarak puanlanabilir. Puanlama, insanların ve modellerin simbiyotik olarak birleştirilebildiği diğer önemli görevlerle daha karmaşıl olan stratejik seçimler yapmaya gidebilir. Bununla birlikte, bir kuruluş öznel olasılık tahminleri yapmak için hibrit yaklaşımları benimsemeye başladığında ve bunları geliştirmeye devam ettiğinde, rakiplerine göre sürdürülebilir bir stratejik zeka avantajı geliştirebilir.
YAZARLAR HAKKINDA
Paul JH Schoemaker, Pennsylvania Üniversitesi Wharton School'daki Mack Teknoloji İnovasyon Merkezi'nin eski araştırma direktörü ve Steven Krupp ile birlikte Winning the Long Game: How Strategic Leaders Shape the Future (PublicAffairs, 2014) ile birlikte yazardır. Philip E. Tetlock, Pennsylvania Üniversitesi'nde Annenberg Üniversitesi Profesörüdür ve Dan Gardner ile birlikte Superforecasting: The Art and Science of Prediction'ın ortak yazarıdır (Crown, 2015).
REFERANSLAR (40)
1. İki klasik araştırma antolojisi, D. Kahneman, P. Slovic ve A. Tversky, eds., "Judgment Under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases" (Cambridge, Birleşik Krallık: Cambridge University Press, 1982); ve D. Kahneman ve A.Tversky, eds., "Choices, Values and Frames" (Cambridge, Birleşik Krallık: Cambridge University Press, 2000). Ayrıca bkz. WM Goldstein ve RM Hogarth, eds., “Research on Judgment and Decision Making: Currents, Connections, and Controversies” (Cambridge, Birleşik Krallık: Cambridge University Press, 1997); DJ Koehler ve N. Harvey, editörler, "Blackwell Handbook of Judgment and Decision Making" (Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004); ve D. Kahneman, "Düşünme: Hızlı ve Yavaş" (New York: Farrar, Straus ve Giroux, 2011).
2. Okuyucular teniste farklı kazanma olasılıklarını “Tennis Calculator,” 2015, www.mfbennett.com adresinde inceleyebilirler. Analitik türetmeler için bkz. FJGM Klaassen ve JR Magnus, "Bir Tenis Maçının Galibini Tahmin Etmek", European Journal of Operational Research 148, no. 2 (2003): 257-267.WORLDNEWS: Orgogliosi di essere evasori di tasse?
Ecco i profitti che queste aziende americane hanno fatto oltremare e sul quale hanno evit
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ler. Bilim adamları, büyük yerçekimi alanının çevredeki etkilerinden kara deliklerin var olduğunu bilir. "Kara delik" terimi John Wheeler tarafından oluşturuldu.
John Michell, 1783'de, uzayda, ışığın bile kaçamayacağı kadar büyük bir kütleye sahip bir ceset olabileceğini öne sürdü. Einstein'ın bilimsel devrimi, görelilik kuramı, yerçekimini düşünme ve anlama biçimimizi değiştirdi. Einstein'ın teorileri yer çekimini uzay-zamanın çarpıtması olarak tanımladı ve bu, bilim adamlarını kara deliklerin olasılıkları hakkında tekrar düşünmeye teşvik etti. Einstein'ın görelilik teorisini kullanarak, Karl Schwarzschild, kürenin tüm kütlesi küçük bir alana sıkıştırılırsa, madde ve ışık kaçılamayacak bir kürenin yarıçapını hesapladı. Işığın kaçabileceği ve kaçamayacağı arasındaki bu sınır olay ufku olarak bilinir.
Çoğu kara delik, bir yıldızın hayatının sonunda oluşur. Yıldızın çekirdeği çöktüğünde ortaya çıkarlar kendiliğinden bir süpernova patlamasına neden olur. Güneş sistemimizdeki güneş asla bir kara deliğe dönüşmeyecek, çünkü yeterince büyük değil. Yıldızların karadeliklerini oluşturmak için Güneşimizin birkaç katına bir kitleye ihtiyacı var. Çok büyük kara delikler, süper öldürücü kara delik olarak bilinirler. Bunların bir ya da daha fazla Güneş kütlesi kütlesi var. Büyük galaksilerin merkezinde süper öldürücü bir kara delik olduğu düşünülmektedir. Galaksimizin gözlemleri, Samanyolu, merkezde süper kütleli bir kara delik olduğunu gösterdi.
Resimli kılavuz film tahtaları, anlama ve elde tutmayı teşvik etmek için görselle kolayca sindirilebilir bilgilere sahiptir. Storyboard That, öğrenci ajansı hakkında tutkulu ve herkesin hikaye anlatmalarını istiyoruz. Storyboard'lar, öğrencilerin öğrendiklerini sergilemek ve başkalarına öğretmek için mükemmel bir ortam sağlar.
Bu resimli kılavuzları bireysel ve sınıf çapında projeler için bir sıçrama tahtası olarak kullanın!Üniversiteye başlamak üzeresin, bavullarını hazırladın ve gitmeye hazırsın! Üniversiteye ilk başladığınızda, heyecanlı uçuyor olabilirsin gerçek üniversiteye başlamak için biraz daha hazırlıklı olmalısın.
İlk gün, hiç şüphesiz öğrenci kimliğini çıkarmayı bekleyen bir grup öğrenciye katılman istenecek. Bu sırada dururken, muhtemelen yanlarında duran, beş büyük çantasında umutsuzca bir şey ararken, ebeveynleri yanlarında duran çok tahriş olmuş görüneceklerini göreceksiniz. Bunlar, ilk günleri için getirmeleri istenen önemli bir formunu veya ilgili bir kimliği unutmuş olanlardan daha fazladır.
Bu insanlar gibi olmayın! İlk gününüzün sabahına başlamadan önce, üniversiteniz tarafından gönderilen tüm formları doldurduğunuz dan ve sizden talep ettiğiniz kimliğe sahip olduğunuzdan emin olun. İlk günün olduğu gibi stresli olacak.
Öğrenci kimliğiniz, üniversite binalarına, kampüsteki kimliğinize erişmek için anahtarınız olacaktır ve bazı durumlarda spor salonu geçişiniz ve hatta ev anahtarınız olacaktır. Temel olarak, bu oldukça önemli!
Kütüphaneye tura çıkmak, muhtemelen bir noktaya geleceğinizi ve tamamen unutacağınızı söyleyeceğiniz bir şey. Bunun temel nedeni, üniversiteye başlarken yapabileceğiniz birçok heyecan verici şey olduğu ve dürüst olalım, bir kütüphane turu asla bu listenin başında gelmiyor.
Kütüphane turları, temel olarak size üniversiteye başladığınızda kütüphane tarafından sunulan imkan ve hizmetleri genel bir şekilde tanıtır. Kulağa çok sıkıcı geldiğini anlayabiliriz, ancak ç ay içinde çaresizce bir kitap bulmanız ve kütüphanede nasıl gezineceğiniz, bir kitabı nasıl kontrol edeceğiniz ya da tek bir yazıcıyı nasıl kullanacağınız konusunda en ufak bir fikre sahip olmadığınız zaman gerçekten hızlı bir kütüphane turuna katılmayı diliyorsunuz. Muhtemelen orada üniversitedeki vaktinin çoğunu geçireceksin.
Bu, unutması oldukça kolay olan sıkıcı pratik şeylerden bir tanesidir. Üniversite şehrinizde bir doktora kayıt yaptırmak veya memleketinize bağlı kalmak isteyip istemediğinizi düşünmeniz gerekir. Çoğu insan üniversite kasabasındaki bir doktora kayıt yaptırmaya karar verir, çünkü gerçekten kötü bir taze grip hastalığına sahip olmaktan ve gidecek hiçbir yere sahip olmamaktan daha kötü bir şey yoktur.
Önümüzdeki dört yılda bir noktada kendiniz için yemek pişirmek zorunda kalacaksınız , bu nedenle hazırlık aşamasında birkaç tarif öğrenmeye değer. Bunu annenizden ya da babanızdan öğrenerek ya da bir yemek kitabı sipariş edip bu tarifleri takip edip etmediğiniz, nihayetinde sizin seçiminizdir, ancak yemek yapmayı öğrenmek için zaman ayırmak pratik ‘yapılacaklar’ listesinde kesinlikle yüksektir.
Bir yemek kitabı sipariş etmeye karar verirseniz, özellikle öğrenciler için tasarlanan bu yemek kitabı, temel tarifleri öğrenmenin harika bir yoludur (ve vejetaryen ve vegan sürümlerinde de mevcuttur.) Tamamen temel bilgilerden başlar, bu yüzden hiç yapmadıysanız idealdir. üniversiteden önce çok fazla yemek pişirme ve resimler içeriyor, böylece yemeğinizin nasıl bir şey olduğunu görebilirsiniz.
Herkes para kazanmayı sever, değil mi? Bir öğrenci olarak HER ŞEY’den para kazanabilirsiniz. Her şey değil , bir sürü şey. Üniversiteye başlarken farklı öğrenci indirimlerine nasıl ulaşabileceğinizi öğrenin.
Merak ediyorsanız, kesinlikle bir öğrenci banka hesabına kaydolmaya değer; sadece faizsiz bir fazla para çekişe erişim elde etmekle kalmaz, aynı zamanda birçok banka ücretsiz dört yıllık bir alışveriş kartı gibi katılım ödülleri de sunar.
Birkaç aylığına çamaşır yıkamak evinizi anneme ve babama götürmekten kurtulabilmenize rağmen, muhtemelen bir noktada kendiniz yapmayı öğrenmelisiniz. Yıkama oldukça basittir; sadece etiketlerdeki talimatları okuduğunuzdan ve takip ettiğinizden emin olun, beyazları birlikte yıkamayın. Şüpheniz varsa, diğer insanlarla gidin ve size göstermelerini sağlayın.
Maalesef bütçeleme çoğu zaman üniversite için çok gerekli. Bu eğlenceli olamayacağınız anlamına gelmez, bu sadece bir sonraki ödeyene kadar bir hafta boyunca sadece tost ve tencere erişte kalıplaşmış öğrenci diyetinde yaşamayacağınız anlamına gelir. Bütçelemek için, Spotify aboneliğiniz gibi çeşitli şeyleri içerdiğinden emin olarak, gelirinizi ve harcamalarınızı not edin. Sonra zor bitti; Şimdi tek yapman gereken ona bağlı kalmak – bu ne kadar zor olabilir ki?
Tarih Okuyanlar İçin 7 Kitap ÖnerisiDescrizione
L’intrepida principessa Anna, accompagnata da Kristoff, un venditore di ghiaccio ormai disoccupato e dalla sua fedele renna Sven parte per un viaggio epico alla ricerca della sorella, la regina Elsa, i cui poteri glaciali hanno intrappolato il regno di Arendelle in un inverno perenne. Attraversando montagne innevate, imbattendosi in mistici troll e in un buffo e tenero pupazzo di neve di nome Olaf, Anna e Kristoff combattono il gelo e dei loschi individui in una corsa contro il tempo per salvare il regno.1936'da Eskişehir'de doğdu. 1959'da İİTİA'yı ve 1967 yılında Ankara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi'ni bitirdi. 1969-1970'te Londra'da bulundu. Eskişehir İktisadi ve Ticari İlimler Akademisi'nde doktora, doçentlik ve profesörlüğe yükseldi. Daha sonra Anadolu Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi adını alan bu eğitim kurumunda Öğretim Üyesi ve Akademi Başkan Yardımcısı oldu. 1982-1986 yılları arasında Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dekanı ve Maliye Bölüm Başkanı, 1986-1997 yıllarında YÖK ve 1988-1997 arasında YÖK Yürütme Kurulu üyesiydi. 1997-1998 yıllarında Başkent Üniversitesi'nde Öğretim Üyeliği, Rektör Yardımcılığı ve Hukuk Fakültesi Dekanlığı yaptı. 1998-2001 yıllarında T.C. Sayıştay Başkanı oldu. 2001-2003 yıllarında Çankaya Üniversitesi Rektörlüğü görevinde bulundu. 2003-2007 yılları arasında İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi'nde öğretim üyesi olarak çalıştı. Erdoğan Öner ve Ahmet Kesik ile birlikte yazdığı Bütçe Hukuku (İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları, 2005) Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi (TÜBA) tarafından, Yılın En İyi Ders Kitabı (2009) seçildi. Yazarların diğer eseri, Teoride ve Uyulamada Kamu Maliyesi (İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları, 2007) TÜBA tarafından 2009 Yılın En İyi Ders Kitabı dalında, Mansiyon Ödülü'ne layık görüldü. Aynı zamanda Erdoğan Öner'le yazmış olduğu Teoride ve Uygulamada Mahalli İdareler Maliyesi (İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları, 2009) adlı kitapta Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi (TÜBA) tarafından yine yılın en iyi ders kitabı olarak kabul edildi. Prof. Dr. Kâmil Mutluer, halen Bilkent Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi'nde Öğretim Üyeliği yapmakta, Vergi Hukuku, Kamu Maliyesi ve Bütçe Hukuku dersleri vermektedir. Aynı zamanda Ufuk Üniversitesi mütevelli heyeti üyeliği görevini de yürütmektedir. Avukatlık ve Yemenli Mali Müşavirlik mesleğine de sahip olan Mutluer, evli ve iki çocuk sahibidir.
Alman maliyecileri tarafından bulunmuş ve geliştirilmiş bir vergi bilim dalı olan işletme vergiciliği (Betriebswirtschaftliche Steuerlehre), Anglo-Sakson kökenli İngilizce konuşulan ülkelerde, vergi planlaması (Tax planning) olarak… Detay
Osmanlı Devleti’nden Cumhuriyet Türkiye’sine devrolunan en önemli kurumlardan biri 1862’de Fransız modeli örnek alınarak kurulan, Maliye Nezareti’ne bağlı olup, o günkü adıyla Divan-ı Muhasebat olan… Detay
Türkiye’nin idari ve mali yapısı çerçevesinde yerel yönetimlerin kaynak tahsis süreç, planlama ve bütçeleme sistemi, hizmet ve harcama sorumlulukları, gelirleri, merkezle olan kaynak paylaşımı, borçlanması,… Detay
İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları tarafından yayınlanan Prof. Dr. M. Kâmil Mutluer’in Vergi Genel Hukuku adlı kitabının tamamlayıcısı niteliğini taşıyan bu kitapla birlikte vergi hukukunun genel… DetayGrandissimo Amos Mosaner: storico oro a Pechino nel curling con Stefania Constantini
PECHINO. E’ d’oro la missione olimpica del trentino Amos Mosaner alle Olimpiadi di Pechino.
L’atleta cembrano, 26 anni, ha conquistato la medaglia più preziosa nel curling in coppia con la bellunese Stefania Constantini, battendo in finale la Norvegia dopo una cavalcata trionfale di 9 vittorie su 9 nella fase a gironi e la vittoria per 8-1 in semifinale contro la Svezia.Questo test rivela, in pochi minuti, se una pillola contenente cocaina, crack, 5-MeO MIPT, MDPV.
Gli spacciatori spesso tagliare la loro merce, per aumentare i loro profitto. Solo a guardarla, non potrai mai sapere con che tipo di sostanza e la quantità con cui la tua coca è stata tagliata.
Questo aspetto ha alcuni gravi rischi per quanto riguarda gli effetti collaterali indesiderati e potenzialmente pericolosi! L'idea di questo test è di diminuire questi rischi, perchè quando un campione contiene una più alta percentuale di cocaina, i rischi diminuiscono. Questo non significa che l'uso della cocaina è senza rischi. L'uso di cocaina può essere rischioso sia per la vostra salute, e per il vostro ambiente sociale!
Gli EZ-test sono kit per poter rapidamente e semplicemente testare se una pillola o della polvere contiene MDMA, anfetamine o altre sostanze psicoattive. Si tratta di uno strumento efficace per l'individuazione di adulteranti e altre sostanze potenzialmente pericolose che spesso si trovano in droghe di strada.
1. Aprire la fiala con il reagente
2. Inserire il campione
3. Lasciare che gli ingredienti si mescolino
4. Osservare il cambiamento dei colori e gettare via
Sono inclusi un foglio informativo, una tabella dei colori e dettagliate istruzioni per l'uso. Scarica qui il manuale d'uso.
Solo un piccolo pezzo della tua pasticca o di polvere è necessario per eseguire il test.
Contiene 10 fiale per 10 prove in ogni confezione.
L'EZ-Test può solo dare una indicazione della sostanza nel campione. Pertanto, i risultati non possono essere garantiti al 100%. Se hai ancora dubbi riguardo agli ingredienti della tua pasticca, fatela testare da un instituzione ufficiale. Nessun diritto o procedura legale può essere derivata dall'uso dell'EZ test.
In base al tuo numero IP abbiamo determinato il tuo paese attuale.
Questa funzione viene usata per filtrare quali prodotti sono inviabili al tuo paese.
Ci abbiamo azzeccato? Se no, ti preghiamo di cambiare manualmente il tuo paese nell'elenco qui sotto.
Per domande che riguardano i nostri regolamenti di spedizione, ti preghiamo di consultare la nostra pagina FAQ oppure i nostri termini e condizioni.Genel olarak yaşlılıkla ilişkili bir görme bozukluğu anlamına gelir. Bu durum, 40 yaşından sonra başlar ve yakını görüş yeteneğini etkiler. Yakındaki objeleri odaklamak için merceğinin esnekliğini kaybetmesi sonucu oluşur. Presbiyopi, bir kişi okuma gibi yakın görüş gerektiren etkinliklerde zorluk çekmeye başladığında çoğu zaman fark edilir. Diğer belirtiler arasında baş ağrısı ve yorgunluk bulunur. Bu durum okuma gözlükleri, kontakt lensler veya cerrahi girişimlerle düzeltilebilir. Bu tür tedaviler, tekrar yakın objeleri düzgün bir şekilde odaklamasına yardımcı olur.
Presbiyopi Tedavi Yöntemleri
Okuma Gözlükleri: Hastalık belirtisi olan kişilerin çoğu, yakın görüşü iyileştiren basit okuma gözlüklerini tercih eder. Bunlar, genel olarak yakın görmeyi gerektiren aktiviteler sırasında kullanılır, örneğin okuma, dikiş veya bilgisayar kullanma.
Bifokal veya Multifokal Lensler: Bifokal veya multifokal lensler, tek bir lens içinde birden fazla odak noktasına sahip olan gözlüklerdir. Bifokal lensler çoğu zaman iki odak noktasına sahipken, multifokal lensler üç veya daha fazla odak noktasına sahip olabilir. Bu tür lensler, presbiyopi olan kişilere hem yakını hem de uzağı görmelerini sağlar.
Kontakt Lensler: Kontakt lensler de bu rahatsızlık için bir seçenektir. Bifokal veya multifokal lensler gibi, bazı kontakt lensler de birden fazla odak noktasına sahip olabilir.
Göz Cerrahisi: Daha kalıcı bir çözüm için, bazı göz cerrahileri sorunun belirtilerini düzeltebilir. LASIK ve PRK gibi refraktif cerrahi prosedürler, kornea şeklini değiştirerek odaklama yeteneğini iyileştirebilir. Bir başka seçenek olan koruyucu lens değişimi (RLE), doğal lensin çıkarılmasını ve çok odaklı bir lensle değiştirilmesini içerir.
Bunlar, presbiyopi tedavisinin yaygın yöntemleridir, ancak her zaman bir göz doktoru ile görüşülerek kişiye özel en uygun uygulama seçeneği belirlenmelidir. Operasyon seçenekleri kişinin yaşına, genel sağlık durumuna, yaşam tarzına ve sağlık derecesine bağlı olarak değişebilir.
Presbiyopi Tedavisi Sonrası
Okuma Gözlükleri veya Lensler: Bu yöntemler hızlı ve etkili sonuçlar verir. Gözlükler veya lensler kullanıldığında, yakın görüş hemen iyileşir. Bununla birlikte, hastalık zamanla kötüleşebileceği için lens reçetesi zaman zaman güncellenmelidir.
Kontakt Lensler: Kontakt lenslerin uyum sağlaması biraz daha uzun sürebilir ve bunların doğru kullanımı ve bakımı öğrenmek gerekebilir. Ancak, bir kez alışıldığında, kontakt lensler de yakın görüşü hemen iyileştirebilir.
Göz Cerrahisi: LASIK, PRK veya koruyucu lens değişimi gibi cerrahi prosedürler genel olarak daha hızlı sonuç verir. Ancak, bu işlemlerin her biri iyileşme sürecini gerektirir. Cerrahi sonrası görme birkaç gün içinde iyileşir, ancak tam iyileşme birkaç hafta sürebilir. Cerrahi sonrası hafif rahatsızlık, kuruluk, ışığa karşı hassasiyet veya bulanık görme gibi yan etkiler olabilir, ancak geçicidir.
Bu tedavilerin amacı, yakın görüşü iyileştirmek ve belirtileri hafifletmektir. Her durumda,
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درباره "ادامه نگرانی از بی اعتنایی ایران به تعهدات بین المللی خود" گفتگو شد.
اشاره آمریکا و روسیه به خودداری ایران از اجرای قطعنامه های شورای امنیت و عدم توقف غنی سازی اورانیم است.
آقای مدودف و آقای اوباما درباره پیمان تسلیحات اتمی استراتژیک بین دو کشور نیز گفتگو کردند.
هفته پیش کمیته روابط خارجی سنای آمریکا پیمان کاهش ذخایر استراتژیک یا استارت را تصویب کرد.
این پیمان هر یک از دو کشور را، که در دوران جنگ سرد دشمن سرسخت یکدیگر بودند، متعهد می کند تعداد کلاهک های هسته ای استراتژیک خود را به ۱۵۵۰ کلاهک - یعنی سی درصد کمتر از سقفی که قبلا تعیین شده بود، کاهش دهند.راه های پیشگیری و درمان کرونا ویروس
انواع مختلفی از ویروس ها وجود دارند که در انسان تولید بیماری می کنند و درمانی قطعی برای آنها وجود ندارد. معمولا در هوای سرد اپیدمی بیماری های تنفسی با منشاء ویروسی اتفاق می افتند که سیستم تنفسی را درگیر می کنند. گاهی اوقات این ویروس ها می توانند خطرناک شوند. از خصوصیات ویروس ها، جهش های ژنتیکی است که هنگام تکثیر، در آنها اتفاق می افتد و در نتیجه نسخه های جدیدی از آنها تولید می شود. به همین علت است که چنانچه واکسن یا دارویی علیه ویروسی ساخته شود، با توجه به تغییراتی که ضمن تکثیر در ویروس ها اتفاق می افتد (که این اتفاقات بسیار سریع به وقوع می پیوندند)، ممکن است عملکرد آن دارو روی نسخه جدید ویروس مربوطه، بسیار کم یا حتی بی اثر شود. این قابلیت ویروس ها کار با آنها را بسیار مشکل کرده است. هرچه میزان و تواتر جهش های ژنتیکی در ویروسی بیشتر باشد، آن ویروس غیرقابل کنترل تر خواهد بود. کرونا ویروس هم جزو همین دسته از ویروس هاست که در اواخر سال 2019 کشف شده، به سرعت در حال گسترش است و تا به حال واکسن یا داروئی برای آن کشف نشده است. وجه تسمیه کرونا ویروس به علت شکل تاج مانند آن زیر میکروسکوپ است. در واقع خود کرونا ویروس جدید نیست و در گذشته نیز وجود داشته است، ولی کروناویروس مورد بحث ما نسخه ای جدید است و اینطور به نظر می رسد که از حیوان به انسان منتقل شده است.
تا به حال اپیدمی های ویروسی متعددی وجود داشته است؛ به عنوان مثال سارس (SARS) که از همین خانواده ویروسی است، بین سال های 2002 تا 2004 حدود هشت هزار نفر از افراد را مبتلا کرده و نرخ مرگ و میر 10% برای آن گزارش شده است. ویروس مرس (MERS) عضوی دیگر از این خانواده که در سال 2012 همه گیر شد و 30% مرگ و میر را به دنبال داشت. با توجه به جدید بودن و ادامه گسترش کرونا ویروس، هنوز آمار دقیقی از مبتلایان و درصد مرگ و میر در دسترس نیست.
همانطور که گفته شد به نظر می رسد این ویروس از حیوان به انسان منتقل شده است، ولی در مورد حیوانی که انتقال از آن صورت گرفته هنوز نظری قطعی وجود ندارد. خفاش اولین و قوی ترین احتمال برای انتقال ویروس به انسان است و در مرحله بعدی حیوانات دریایی قرار دارند.
در برخورد با کروناویروس دو مرحله را باید در نظر گرفت: پیشگیری و درمان. در مرحله پیشگیری اقداماتی باید صورت پذیرد تا احتمال ابتلا به بیماری کاهش یابد که به اختصار عبارتند از: رعایت کامل و دقیق بهداشت شخصی، ضدعفونی کردن محیط، تدابیر غذا خوردن (اینکه چه غذایی بخوریم) و همین طور چگونگی آماده سازی آن (صناعت غذا)، عدم داشتن تماس با حیوانات (خانگی و غیرخانگی) و سبک زندگی متناسب با مزاج. در مرحله درمان نیز باید به نکاتی توجه کنیم: عدم استفاده سرخود از انواع آنتی بیوتیک ها، کورتیکواستروئیدها و مسکن ها به محض بروز اولین علائم، رعایت موارد مناسب مزاج، استراحت جسم و روان، استراحت دادن به سیستم گوارش با مصرف غذاهای لطیف (که زود هضم و جذب شده، مواد زائد کمتری تولید می کنند)، تقویت قوا با مصرف غذاهای مناسب مزاج و لطیف، تنظیم دفعیات بدن مانند رفع یبوست یا ایجاد تعریق مناسب، مصرف دارو.
پیشگیری:
اصل مهم در این بیماری پیشگیری است، چون تا به حال درمان قطعی (دارو یا واکسن) برای این بیماری یافت نشده است. اولین اقدام ما باید دوری از فردی باشد که علایم مشکوکی دارد. همچنین اگر خودمان هم هرگونه علایمی از سرماخوردگی پیدا کردیم، بهتر است در خانه بمانیم و کسی به ما نزدیک نشود (فاصله 2 متر باید حفظ شود). شست و شوی دست ها بسیار مهم است و همین طور شستن سطوح، ظروف، البسه و غیره. در صورتی که کار ضروری ندارید، جاهای شلوغ و همچنین سفرهای خارجی نروید. باید به بچه ها حتما در رابطه با بهداشت شخصی (شستن دست و صورت، شستشوی دهان و بینی با آب نمک) به طور جداگونه آموزش داده شود مخصوصا در مدارس. دست ندادن لااقل تا زمانی که این بحران پشت سر گذاشته شود و رعایت فاصله (حداقل یک و نیم تا دو متر) با فردی که علایمی را (مانند عطسه، سرفه، تب، بدن درد، گلودرد یا غیره) نشان می دهد، جزو ضروریات است. همین طور توصیه می شود افرادی که علایمی را نشان می دهند حتما در خانه بمانند و استراحت کنند. مدارس نیز همکاری لازم را با بچه ها در این زمینه انجام دهند.
رعایت بهداشت شخصی و تمیز نگه داشتن سطوح، آشپزخانه ها و سرویس های بهداشتی در اماکن عمومی مانند خوابگاه ها، مدارس، دانشگاه ها، ادارات، بیمارستان ها، پادگان ها و غیره به جد توصیه می شود. در صورت استفاده از ماسک های یکبار مصرف صورت، حتما و حتما باید یکبار استفاده شوند و حداکثر پس از یک روز استفاده، به طور بهداشتی دور انداخته شوند. همین طور باید دقت شود که ماسک، در قسمت بالای بینی کاملا کیپ شده و زیر چانه را نیز بپوشاند.
ضدعفونی کردن در طب سنتی نیز وجود داشته است. به این شکل که با استفاده از عصاره ها یا اسانس های گیاهی و بعضی دمنوش ها می توان محیط (سطوح و هوا) را ضدعفونی کرد. بخارات حاصل از جوشاندن (بخور) بعضی گیاهان دارویی (به خصوص گیاهان با بوی تند) مانند آویشن، بابونه، نعناع، پونه، مرزه، مرزنجوش، رازیانه و یا دود حاصل از سوزاندن ملایم برخی گیاهان یا اقلام دارویی مطرح در طب سنتی همچون اسفند، کندر، پوست انار، عناب، عنبرنسارا، تخم گشنیز، تخم کتان وخاکشیر، دور کننده عوامل موذی هستند؛ اعم از موش و عقرب و هزارپا یا عوامل مضری که با چشم هم دیده نمی شود مانند انواع ویروس ها و میکروب ها. بر اساس مقالات علمی، اکثر این گیاهان اثرات ضد التهابی، ضد میکروبی، و حتی ضد ویروسی دارند. بخارات یا دود موارد مذکوره، می توانند هوای محل را ضدعفونی نمایند.
در طب سنتی تاکید بر این است که غذا باید خوب پخته شود و جا بیفتد. در ضمن بحث حلال و حرام نیز در آموزه های دینی مطرح است؛ به این معنی که تمام ماهی ها و حیوانات برای خوردن مناسب نیستند. همین طور گفته شده بعضی حیوانات نجس هستند و ارتباط مستقیم با آنها مجاز نیست. یکی از توصیه های پیشگیرانه برای جلوگیری از مبتلا شدن به کرونا ویروس، عدم داشتن تماس با حیوانات (خانگی و غیرخانگی) و همین طور عدم مصرف آنها به صورت غذا (مخصوصا خام خواری یا نیم پز) است. به طور کل اینگونه می توان گفت که تدابیر غذا خوردن (اینکه چه غذایی بخوریم) و همین طور چگونگی آماده سازی آن (صناعت غذا) بسیار مهم است. یکی از اصول پخت غذا در طب سنتی، خوب جا افتادن و پختن غذاهای مناسب انسان است. بسیاری از بیماری ها در نتیجه رعایت نکردن آداب غذا خوردن (بعضی در اینجا نیز ذکر شد)، شیوع پیدا می کنند.
گفته می شود که کرونا ویروس یا سایر ویروس هایی که به طریقی به انسان ها منتقل می شوند، در بدن انسان خطرناک می شوند و این در حالی است که ممکن است آن حیوان به دلیل ایمنی ای که نسبت به ویروس دارد، علائم خاصی را از خود نشان ندهد یا حتی بعضا برای عملکرد طبیعی مثلا سیستم گوارش آن حیوان، لازم هم باشد. ولی وقتی این ویروس به طریقی از حیوان به انسان منتقل می شود (از طریق لمس حیوان یا سطوح مورد تماس با حیوان، تنفس ترشحات بدن حیوان در هوا، تماس با بافت های بدن حیوان یا غیره) می تواند در انسان بیماری هایی ایجاد کند و چه بسا که این بیماری ها بسیار خطرناک باشند.
در صورت داشتن حیوان خانگی حتی المقدور از تماس با آن باید جلوگیری کرد (چه الان که احتمال به کرونا ویروس وجود دارد و چه بقیه زمان ها)، به خصوص اگر در محیط خانه، کودک، افراد مسن و ضعیف، بیماران خاص (دیابت، سرطانی، پیوند عضو) یا خانم باردار –که به نسبت، سیستم ایمنی ضعیف تری دارند-حضور داشته باشند. افرادی که در قصابی کار می کنند یا در تماس با گوشت یا فرآورده های حیوانی هستند، باید بهداشت را به خوبی رعایت کنند و دست و لباس های خود را مرتب شسته و ضدعفونی کنند.
در مرحله پیشگیری با رعایت اصول باید سعی کنیم که اولا ویروس به ما نرسد (با رعایت اصولی مانند شستن مرتب دست ها، عدم رفتن به مسافرت های غیرضروری و محل های شلوغ و غیره). در مرحله بعدی باید سعی کنیم سبک زندگی خود را تصحیح کنیم و آن را به عنوان یک اصل بپذیریم. مهم ترین علت اینکه برخی افراد به بیماری های ویروسی مبتلا نمی شوند (با اینکه همه در معرض آن هستند) یا اینکه فقط افراد اندکی پس از ابتلا به فاز حاد می رسند و حتی جان خود را از دست می دهند، میزان قدرت و ضعف سیستم ایمنی شخص است. سبک زندگی سالم با رعایت شش اصل ضروری بر اساس طب سنتی ایرانی (سته ضروریه) سیستم ایمنی بدن را تقویت کرده و در نتیجه احتمال ابتلا به انواع بیماری کاهش می یابد و یا اینکه در صورت ابتلا، بیماری به شکلی خفیف خود را نشان دهد. یا حتی اگر بیماری بسیار کشنده باشد مانند کروناویروس، فرد جان سالم به در برد. بر اساس دیدگاه طب سنتی سیستم ایمنی بدن زمانی قوی می شود که بدن از نظر مزاجی متعادل باشد و برای حصول آن، لاجرم باید سبک زندگی مناسب مزاج رعایت شود. سبک زندگی متناسب با مزاج تنها به خوردنی ها و نوشیدنی های متناسب با مزاج محدود نمی شود (به عنوان مثال محدود خوردن گرمیجات توسط افراد گرم مزاج در فصول گرم و بر عکس)، بلکه خواب و بیداری، استرس و سایر حالات روحی و روانی، ورزش متعادل متناسب با مزاج، مناسب بودن هوا و محیط پیرامونی، و تنظیم دفعیات بدن، همه و همه باید در بهترین حالت خود قرار بگیرند تا فرد سیستم ایمنی قوی ای به دست آورد. گفتن این نکته ضروری است که رعایت همه این موارد با هم ما را به هدف می رساند و تنها رعایت کردن یک مورد نتیجه مورد نظر را حاصل نمی کند. برای به دست آوردن یک سیستم ایمنی قوی ما ناچاریم که سبک زندگی خود را بر اساس این اصول بگذاریم و به تعادل مزاج برسیم. باید مزاج شناخته شود و زندگی بر اساس مزاج تنظیم شود.
تشخیص بیماری:
علایم بیماری کرونا ویروس مشابه سرماخوردگی است و می تواند خفیف یا قوی باشد. با علایم ظاهری با قطعیت نمی توان تشخیص داد که این بیماری سرماخوردگی است یا کرونا ویروس و برای تشخیص قطعی آن باید از روش های آزمایشگاهی مانند PCR با استفاده از ترشحات سیستم تنفسی استفاده کرد و به این نتیجه رسید که عامل ایجاد کننده این بیماری کرونا ویروس است یا سایر ویروس ها. برای مثال اگر فردی در محیط هایی باشد که امکان تماس با افراد آلوده وجود دارد (مثل بیمارستان ها) یا از کشورهایی که افراد مبتلا گزارش شده اند به تازگی برگشته است و علایم بیماری با چند روز استراحت بهتر نمی شود، این شک را برمیانگیزد که احتمال ابتلا به کرونا ویروس وجود دارد. سپس با روش های آزمایشگاهی مانند PCR تشخیص قطعی صورت می گیرد. در صورت مثبت بود نتایج بلافاصله شخص باید قرنطینه شود و اقدامات حمایتی صورت پذیرد.
دوره نهفتگی یا کمون (یعنی از زمانی که ویروس وارد بدن شده تا زمانی که علایم بیماری بروز پیدا کنند) ویروس کرونا بین 3 تا 14 روز است. خود این دوره نسبتا طولانی آلوده و بی علامت بودن، عاملی در انتشار ویروس است. به همین علت افرادی که در معرض ریسک بالا هستند (مانند افرادی که سفر به چین داشته اند) را به مدت 14 روز قرنطینه می کنند. اگر فرد پس از این مدت علائمی نشان نداد مشکلی ندارد و می تواند به زندگی عادی برگردد.
درمان:
هنگام مشاهده علایمی از قبیل تب، بدن درد، گلودرد، عطسه، سرفه، آبریزش بینی، سرخی چشم و غیره در درجه اول نباید ترسید و باید دانست به احتمال بسیار زیاد، کرونا ویروس مطرح نیست. مخصوصا در اشخاصی که با افراد زیادی (مخصوصا آن ها که از مناطق آلوده عبور نکرده اند) در ارتباط نیستند، حیوان خانگی ندارند، جزو پرسنل بیمارستانی نیستند و این ویروس در شهر و محله آنها گزارش نشده است. درنتیجه نباید نگران باشند و ترس به خود راه دهند چون خود ترس و نگرانی زیاد و ناگهانی، سیستم ایمنی بدن را ضعیف می کند. در صورت مشاهده علائم یک بیماری ویروسی، در درجه اول باید به یک پزشک مراجعه شود تا مشخص شود که آیا خطرناک است یا خیر.
برای این بیماری درمان یا واکسن خاصی ساخته نشده است. حتی در مورد ویروس هایی مثل آنفولانزا که واکسن دارد، این واکسن ها فقط در برابر برخی نسخه های این ویروس موثرند. یکی از نکات مهم در بحث درمان، استفاده نکردن از انواع آنتی بیوتیک ها، کورتیکواستروئیدها و مسکن ها به محض بروز اولین علائم است. آنتی بیوتیک ها نه تنها روی ویروس اثر ندارند، بلکه می تواند علائم را بدتر هم بکنند؛ زیرا در بدن باکتری های مفیدی (به صورت همزیستی مثلا در سیستم گوارش) وجود دارند که با مصرف بی رویه آنتی بیوتیک از بین می روند که این امر، منجر به تضعیف تدریجی بدن و ایمنی آن خواهد شد. بسیاری از این باکتری ها برای بدن مفید هستند که در اثر از بین رفتن آنها مشکلات متعددی می تواند به وجود آید. به همین دلیل آنتی بیوتیک تنها زمانی باید مصرف شود که پزشک تشخیص داده و تجویز کند و از مصرف خودسرانه آنها باید پرهیز شود. همین طور هنگام بروز علایمی از قبیل آبریزش از بینی و حساسیت ها، باید از مصرف آنتی هیستامین ها، کورتیکواستروئیدها و داروهای ضد آلرژی و حساسیت اجتناب کرد. این داروها سیستم ایمنی بدن را تضعیف می کنند و می توانند رشد ویروس را تسریع کنند. این داروها ممکن است به صورت موقت علائم آبریزش یا حساسیت را کاهش دهند و ما اینطور احساس می کنیم که بیماری بهبود حاصل کرده است؛ در صورتی که ویروس درون بدن در حال فعالیت و گسترش است و ما فقط علائم ظاهری را کاهش داده ایم که این حتی می تواند پزشک را نیز به اشتباه بیندازد. در این شرایط ویروس زمانی خود را نشان می دهد که بسیار گسترش پیدا کرده و بیماری به مرحله سخت تری رسیده است. توجه کنیم که تب، با نامناسب کردن بدن به عنوان محل زندگی و تکثیر عوامل مهاجم، خود باعث تضعیف یا از بین رفتن این عوامل می شود و یا آبریزش، عطسه و سرفه، با دفع ویروس یا میکروب، به پاکسازی بدن و کاهش میزان این عوامل در سیستم تنفسی کمک کرده و امکان غلبه سیستم ایمنی بر باقیمانده ویروس ها را بیشتر می کنند؛ لذا در طب سنتی تاکید شده که بلافاصله پس از بروز تب یا سرفه و عطسه یا آبریزش، نسبت به بندآوردن آن ها با دارو اقدام ننمایید و کمی صبر کنید و صرفا در صورت شدت یافتن یا به طول انجامیدن آن ها، در صدد تخفیف این علائم برآیید.
در صورت ابتلا به بیماری های ویروسی درگیر کننده سیستم تنفسی (آنفلانزا، سرماخوردگی یا کروناویروس) باید چند اصل را به عنوان درمان رعایت کرد. یکی از نقاط قوت طب سنتی ایرانی، کل نگر و حکیمانه بودن آن است. طب سنتی با توجه به علائم (ظاهری و داخلی) و گروه بندی آنها (بر مبنای مزاج یا غیر آن)، علل اصلی را کشف و معرفی می کند. سپس سعی می کند که علائم را با توصیه ها، غذاها و داروهایی بر طرف کند.
یکی از اصل های مهم در درمان بیماری ها، استراحت کافی است. استراحت در زمان ابتلا به بیماری بسیار مهم است و قوه مدبره امکان و تمرکز بیشتر جهت رسیدگی به عامل مهاجم (ویروس، میکروب و ...) را پیدا می کند. بسیار مهم است که نه تنها کار فیزیکی، بلکه کارهای فکری هم باید محدود شوند. استراحت و خواب در این دوران بسیار مهم است. ورزش نیز در این دوران به هیچ عنوان نباید انجام شود. به سیستم گوارش نیز باید استراحت داده شود. به این شکل که هم مقدار غذای مصرفی باید کم شود و هم غلظت و سنگینی آن. بعضی فکر می کنند که هنگام بیماری برای مقابله با آن باید بیشتر بخورند، درصورتی که گوارش باید نسبتا آرام و در آرامش باشد چون به نسبت، به دلیل درگیر بودن بدن و سیستم ایمنی در مقابله با ویروس، تضعیف هم شده است و لذا مقدار غذای مصرفی باید کاهش یابد. در این مدت باید از خوردن گوشت پرهیز
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JS features many better tools that facilitate equal better results! It has an extended list of tools, which makes the framework ‘belle of the ball’! React Developer tools allow developers to instantly find the root of a problem, decrease back and forth between designer and developer.
- React Native
The major methodology of React is to utilize same tools and stack for various systems like mobile and web. As per theory, developers can easily make native apps with React Native along with many shared structures and components used from the web app.
- Fast Prototyping
Fat prototyping is considered as the major advantage of React. Designers find that the fast prototypes give them more opportunities and feedback while engaging more clients and customers before things become highly codified.
Why Developers Love ReactJS?
There are many reasons why developers love this awesome framework. It could be the library that makes it easy to get started. You can simply visit it informally in a single gadget or code the whole app. ReactJs is allowed to be used seamlessly with AngularJS or NodeJS. ReactJS was developed by Facebook, but the library runs remarkably well with Node, AngularJS, Rails, etc. However, you should not try fusing React with jQuery because ReactJS was developed to replace jQuery.
With the skill to mix and match, ReactJS leaves your brain untrained to ‘think in Reactjs’ every time. To the contrary, developers need to think in sync with the angular platform. Development of Reactjs has made developing User Interface simpler than ever. You can now pin chat messages and load images in a view with the same code. It is equipped with universal coding, which means your apps will be fast regardless of what you are used to.
You May Also Like This:خلاصه وضعیت جزییات محصول:
کاربرد نبشیها برای متصل کردن پل ها به ستون ها و یا تیرآهن ها به بیم های باربر و متصل کردن ستون ها به صفحات در فوندانسیون است.
همچنین برای ساختن ستون و خرپا کاربرد دارد. به علاوه در برخی سازه ها همانند سازه های مربوط به آسانسورها ، نبشیهای خرد شده مورد استفاده قرار می گیرند که در اصطلاح به آن نبشی لقمه گفته می شود.
اگر ابعاد نبشی ۵۰ تا ۱۵۰ میلی متر باشد از آن برای اتصالات پل ها به ستون ها و یاتیرآهن ها به بیم های باربر و اتصالات ستون ها به صفحات در فندانسیون استفاده می شود.bf365vip4444武汉城管硬闯社区不配合防疫工作情况的通报
谭知尚兵来近，告急于操。操曰：“吾今番必得冀州矣。”正说间，适许攸自许昌来；闻尚又攻谭，入见操曰：“丞相坐守于此，岂欲待天雷击杀二袁乎？”操笑曰：“吾已料定矣。”遂令曹洪先进兵攻邺，操自引一军来攻尹楷。兵临本境，楷引军来迎。楷出马，操曰：“许仲康安在？”许褚应声而出，纵马直取尹楷。楷措手不及，被许褚一刀斩于马下，余众奔溃。操尽招降之，即勒兵取邯郸。沮鹄进兵来迎。张辽出马，与鹄交锋。战不三合，鹄大败，辽从后追赶。两马相离不远，辽急取弓射之，应弦落马。操指挥军马掩杀，众皆奔散。
孙叔敖者，楚之处士也。虞丘相进之於楚庄王，以自代也。三月为楚相，施教导民，上下和合，世俗盛美，政缓禁止，吏无奸邪，盗贼不起。秋冬则劝民山采，春夏以水，各得其所便，民皆乐其生。
顷襄王横元年，秦要怀王不可得地，楚立王以应秦，秦昭王怒，发兵出武关攻楚，大败楚军，斩首五万，取析十五城而去。二年，楚怀王亡逃归，秦觉之，遮楚道，怀王恐，乃从间道走赵以求归。赵主父在代，其子惠王初立，行王事，恐，不敢入楚王。楚王欲走魏，秦追至，遂与秦使复之秦。怀王遂发病。顷襄王三年，怀王卒于秦，秦归其丧于楚。楚人皆怜之，如悲亲戚。诸侯由是不直秦。秦楚绝。
晋顷公之十二年，韩宣子老，魏献子为国政。晋宗室祁氏、羊舌氏相恶，六卿诛之，尽取其邑为十县，六卿各令其子为之大夫。献子与赵简子、中行文子、范献子并为晋卿。
秋，太后使使告代王，欲徙王赵。代王谢，原守代边。Baseball Fielding Drills: Bucket Ball
Bucket Ball is a fun fielding drill that not only gives the kids
a lot of practice catching ground balls, but also keeps them
interested and motivated.
Choose two captains, then let them pick up sides from your team.
You'll need two empty 5 gallon buckets or two milk crates.
Place one bucket on the ground a couple of feet down the first
base line from home plate, and the other down the third base line.
One group of kids goes to first base, the other to third base.
* You must catch the ball before you can throw it back.
* The ball must be thrown in the bucket on 2 to 4 hops.
* No throwing directly into the bucket on the fly.
* No bowling, or rolling the ball on the ground to the bucket.
* First team to get 5 in a bucket wins the first round.
* Then groups switch bases for the second round.
* No running in to throw, the throw is made from first or third base.
We sometimes have it so the person with the most thrown in the
bucket gets to hit first in practice. You can think up other
ways of rewarding the most catches or throws.
It's a bit harder to get the balls in the bucket than you might
imagine. The kids have a lot of fun cheering each other on and
they learn focus on catching the ball and throwing at a target.
It goes a lot faster if you have two coaches hitting the balls.
In about 15 minutes each kid can get a lot of grounders and no
one gets bored standing around because this is a fast moving game.
You can have more really cool baseball drills and info about all aspects
of the Great Game of Baseball, plus other sports, by visiting our site:
This article may be reproduced electronically on the
express condition it not be changed from above.她跟着出生颁布与antiophthalmic因素感人的视频记录她关闭怀孕题为我们的女儿也给了球迷他们的号码1实数亲密一瞥詹纳斯亲属与斯科特谁出现铟速度约会西哈特福德ct视频多重乘法
布兰妮*斯皮尔斯 蕾哈娜 請。. 你还没有经历过的医学，直到你已经完全成熟的俄罗斯下来速度约会西哈特福德ct音乐,其目的是舒适地伸出自己在你的常识的缝隙，直到时间的尽头. 每个俄罗斯女孩都有受伤的Cd卡纸，她从她的indorse第一个表弟世界卫生组织住在莫斯科的邮件中收到，她会毫不犹豫地撕掉它们出来原子序数49铁路车。Google has launched a new series of workshops which aim to teach teenagers how to tackle “fake news” and “hate speech.”
“Internet Citizens” will be run by Google’s YouTube in cities across the United Kingdom for those between the ages of 13 and 18. The workshops “are intended to raise awareness around issues such as tolerance, empathy and abuse online,” according to The Guardian.
“Nearly all of us will have come across comments or content online that shocked or even offended us, sometimes leaving us feeling isolated or powerless to change the conversation,” said YouTube’s head of public policy, Naomi Gummer. “And for young people in particular, this sense of vulnerability can be heightened if it’s difficult to judge whether a piece of content is real, especially when something is shared on social media by a trusted friend. That’s why we’re launching Internet Citizens.”
“This is just one part of our commitment to a better web… Alongside this, we are exploring more innovative ways to use technology; to partner with experts to help us tackle hate speech online and we are taking a hard look at our policies around offensive content,” she continued, adding, “We’ll share more updates on these areas in the coming weeks.”
UK Youth, a charity who helped develop the workshops with YouTube, claimed that through the initiative they want to help “make the internet a positive place” and empower young people to “express themselves.”
“Young people in the UK spend more time online than ever before. In this complex world, there is an urgent need to help young people embrace the positive aspects of connectivity, but we must also support them to manage the negative effects,” proclaimed UK Youth’s chief executive, Anna Smee. “Through Internet Citizens, UK Youth is empowering young people to express themselves, have a voice, listen to others and ultimately gain a sense of belonging by discovering the skills needed to act safely and responsibly online, and make the internet a positive place.”
In March, Google pledged to crack down on “offensive” and “extremist” content on the platform, after hundreds of large advertisers withdrew from the site.
Companies such as AT&T, Verizon, Johnson & Johnson, The BBC, The Guardian, Channel 4, Toyota, McDonald’s, and even the British Government all withdrew adverts from Google-owned sites, claiming to be “deeply concerned” about their adverts appearing alongside content on YouTube promoting “hate.”
Google also took heat from the UK Home Affairs Select Committee last month, who claimed the company was being too “soft” on “hate speech.”نماینده مردم مشهد و کلات در مجلس در تذکر به سازمان انرژی اتمی و دولت بیان کرد: تیم مذاکره کننده باید مصوبات مجلس در قانون اقدام راهبردی برای لغو تحریم ها و صیانت از منافع ملت ایران را مورد توجه قرار دهند، براساس مصوبه مجلس باید از اول خرداد اجرای داوطلبانه پروتکل الحاقی و نظارت های فراتر از پروتکل متوقف شود، نظارت ها باید منحصر بر پادمان باشد و نه بیشتر.
وی با اشاره به اینکه ذخیره سازی اطلاعات باید به صورت کامل متوقف شود، ادامه داد: آژانس باید به صورت رسمی از طریق سازمان انرژی اتمی موارد مطرح شده را به صورت رسمی اعلام کند.
این نماینده مردم در مجلس یازدهم خاطرنشان کرد: تیم مذاکره کننده باید توجه کند که کلیه مباحث مطرح شده در مذاکرات وین در صورتی که مورد تایید مجلس باشد، ارزش دارد، اگر مجلس مفاد مذاکرات را تایید نکند، رسمیت ندارد./آفتابنیوز : آفتاب:
وحید شمسایی بهترین گلزن و بهترین بازیکن دهمین دوره مسابقات 2008 فوتسال آسیا در تایلند، از محمدرضا حیدریان به عنوان معلم خود نام برد.
به گزارش سرویس ورزشی آفتاب، وحید شمسایی که با سیزده گل زده در مسابقات قهرمانی آسیا عنوان بهترین گلزن و همچنین بهترین بازیکن این مسابقات را از آن خود کرد در صحبت هایش حیدریان را عامل اصلی موفقیت هایش نامید.
بنابراین گزارش، شمسایی ایران برای نهمین بار در ده دوره گذشته آقای گل مسابقات آسیایی را به خود اختصاص داده و در بعد از خداحافظی رسمی حیدریان از تیم ملی در خصوص این بازیکن گفت: « بدون شک بدون کمک محمدرضا حیدریان، رسیدن به چنین موفقیت هایی غیر ممکن بود».
شمسایی در ادامه افزود:« محمدرضا حیدریان در طول تمام این سالهایی که با هم همبازی بودیم، نه فقط یک هم تیمی بلکه برای من یک معلم بود».
آقای گل فوتسال آسیا بعد از دریافت جوایز خود بعد از قهرمانی ایران خاطرنشان کرد:« من از محمد رضا خیلی یاد گرفتم و بسیاری از مهارتهایم را مدیون او هستم. اعتماد به نفسی که بدست می آوردم و پاس هایی که از او گرفتم عامل مهمی در گلزنی های من بود».
وی همچنین تصریح کرد: «من هیچ وقت او را فراموش نمی کنم. محمد رضا برای همیشه معلم من باقی خواهد ماند».
شمسایی در خاتمه متذکر شد: «رقابتهای امسال آسیایی برای من حساسیت ویژه ای داشت. بارها این دو جایزه به من رسیده بود اما گرفتن دوباره آن در پایان دهمین دوره بازیها لذت دیگری داشت. امیدوارم با کمک خانواده، مربیان و هم تیمی هایم بتوانم همین سطح را برای سال های بعد حفظ کنم».Filosofia dell'informazione/Ontologia
Ontologia[modifica]
In informatica, un'ontologia è una rappresentazione formale, condivisa ed esplicita di una concettualizzazione di un dominio di interesse. Più nel dettaglio, si tratta di una teoria assiomatica del primo ordine esprimibile in una logica descrittiva.
Usi dell'Ontologia in Informatica[modifica]
Costruire un'ontologia informatica non banale e adottata da una popolazione di comunità aventi differenti sistemi d'informazione, si è rivelato un compito più difficile di quanto previsto. Il mondo dei sistemi informatici è spesso soggetto a brevi orizzonti temporali soprattutto in ambito commerciale. Ciò significa che i requisiti posti ai sistemi d’informazione cambiano rapidamente, per questo motivo i lavori sulla costruzione di corrispondenti moduli di traduzione ontologica non sono stati in grado di tenere il passo. Tuttavia, il lavoro ontologico nel mondo dei sistemi informatici continua a prosperare, e la ragione risiede nel fatto che la sua attenzione alla classificazione (sull'analisi dei tipi di oggetti) e sulle tassonomie ammissibili si è rivelato utile in modi non previsti dai suoi progenitori. Il tentativo di sviluppare standard terminologici, ovvero la fornitura dei significati dei termini utilizzati in determinati domini applicativi, non perde nulla della sua urgenza anche quando è noto in anticipo che l'obiettivo più ambizioso di un'ontologia universale comune è improbabile che si realizzi. Ad esempio, finora non è stato possibile sviluppare un algoritmo per la conversione automatica delle dichiarazioni di reddito e dei bilanci, poiché molto dipende dalla giurisprudenza e dall'interpretazione soggettiva dei contabili (due elementi altamente volatili). Nemmeno questo problema relativamente semplice è stato risolto in modo soddisfacente, sebbene questo sia il tipo di argomento in cui l'ontologia potrebbe contribuire a qualcosa di grande impatto commerciale.
Il progetto di Ontek[modifica]
Forse il tentativo più impressionante di sviluppare un'ontologia informatica - almeno in termini di dimensioni - è il progetto CYC, nato da uno sforzo iniziato da Doug Lenat nei primi anni '80, che per formalizzare la conoscenza del senso comune, aveva ideato un enorme database di assiomi riguardanti tutte le cose. L'ontologia risultante venne criticata per quella che sembra essere la sua mancanza di principio nei modi in cui nuovi termini e teorie vengono ad aggiungersi all'edificio di questo database. Il CYC assunse la forma di una gerarchia aggrovigliata, con un nodo più in alto etichettato "THING", al di sotto del quale erano presenti una serie di partizioni totali trasversali. Più importante è il lavoro della ditta Ontek - abbreviazione di ontological technology - che dal 1981 sviluppa la programmazione di database e tecnologie di rappresentazione della conoscenza, necessarie per creare sistemi di automazione decisionale (detti white collar robots) impiegati in larga scala da imprese industriali in settori come quello aerospaziale e della difesa. Rendendosi conto che l'ontologia necessaria per costruire tali sistemi aveva bisogno di abbracciare l'intera gamma di entità comprese da queste imprese in un unico framework unificato, Ontek decise di sfruttare sistematicamente le risorse dell'ontologia nel tradizionale senso filosofico.[1].
Un team di filosofi (tra cui David W. Smith e Peter Simons) collaborò con gli ingegneri del software nella costruzione del sistema PACIS (piattaforma per la costruzione automatizzata di sistemi intelligenti), progettato per implementare una teoria completa delle entità, che va dal concreto (gli aerei, le loro strutture e i processi coinvolti nella loro progettazione e sviluppo), all’astratto (i processi e le organizzazioni aziendali, le strutture e le strategie coinvolte nella loro creazione), fino alle strutture formali estremamente astratte che portano ad unificare tutte queste diverse componenti. Ontek ha quindi realizzato in larga misura il progetto abbozzato da Hayes, nel suo Naïve Physics Manifesto, di costruire una teoria formale della realtà fisica di senso comune (nel caso di Ontek include non solo la fabbricazione dell'aeroplano ma anche le procedure di pianificazione e contabilità associate). Come ha insistito Hayes, se si vogliono ottenere progressi a lungo termine per ciò che concerne l'intelligenza artificiale, è necessario mettere da parte la ricerca classica sull'IA e concentrarsi invece sul formalizzare le caratteristiche ontologiche del mondo stesso. I più importanti ontologisti dei sistemi d’informazione degli ultimi anni, tuttavia, hanno adottato una visione dell'ontologia come disciplina diretta dall'interno (una lettura epistemologica dell’ontologia analoga a quella di Carnap e Putnam). Sostenendo che l'ontologia non si occupa della realtà, ma piuttosto di "possibili mondi alternativi", mondi definiti dai sistemi d’informazione stessi. Ciò significa non solo che esistono esclusivamente entità che sono rappresentate nel sistema, ma anche che queste sono autorizzate a possedere solo le proprietà riconosciute da quel sistema. Gli oggetti rappresentati nel sistema quindi (ad esempio le persone in un database), non sono oggetti reali ma surrogati denaturati, che possiedono solo un numero finito di proprietà (sesso, data di nascita ecc.). Le ontologie dei sistemi d’informazione sono non orientate sul mondo degli oggetti. Piuttosto, si focalizzano sui nostri concetti, linguaggi e modelli mentali. In virtù di ciò, dobbiamo interpretare passaggi come il seguente: "un'ontologia è una descrizione (come una specifica formale di un programma) dei concetti e delle relazioni che possono esistere per un agente o una comunità di agenti. L'ontologia è
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殖民主義剝削壓迫的國家的人民，增強了他們鬥爭的信心和決心；它對國際局勢的發展和世界人民的革命鬥爭也具有深刻而久遠的影響。
新民主主義革命推翻三座高山
中國革命的勝利，是馬克思列寧主義、毛澤東思想的勝利。自鴉片戰爭以來，無數志士仁人前赴後繼為國家的獨立和富強而奮鬥，但都未能取得革命的成功。只有在新民主主義革命的進程中，在中國共產黨的領導下，在以馬克思列寧主義普遍真理和中國革命的具體實踐相結合的毛澤東思想的正確指引下，中國人民才順利地推翻了三座大山在舊中國的統治。由於中國新民主主義革命的勝利，中國共產黨被公認為全國各族人民的領導核心，中國共產黨第一代領導集體核心毛澤東同志被公認為中國共產黨和全國各族人民的偉大領袖，毛澤東思想被公認為中國共產黨的指導思想。在總結中國革命正反兩方面的經驗教訓基礎上所形成的這些基本結論，成為中國人民的巨大精神財富。
新民主主義革命基本經驗編輯
新民主主義革命正確方向
中國共產黨之所以能夠把中國革命引向勝利，是由於它堅持了馬克思列寧主義的普遍真理同中國革命的具體實踐相結合的正確方向。這是黨的一條最基本的經驗。自從鴉片戰爭到五四運動的近80年的時間內，中國人民的反抗鬥爭從來都是沒有停止過的。但是，中國人民沒有什麼思想武器來抵禦帝國主義，只是在十月革命以後，馬克思主義開始在中國廣為傳播起來，中國人民才有了新的思想武器。馬克思主義是無產階級的科學世界觀和社會革命論。它的生命力正是在於它是同社會實踐緊密結合的，在於它能夠在實踐中為人們認識真理開闢道路。毛澤東和他的戰友們以實事求是的科學態度，採取從羣眾中來到羣眾中去的羣眾路線的工作方法，獨立自主地來思考和解決中國的問題，在長期的革命鬥爭中，把馬克思主義普遍真理同中國革命實踐結合起來，從而成功地使其具有了為中國人民所理解接受和喜聞樂見的民族風格和民族形式。毛澤東思想是馬克思主義普遍真理同中國革命實際相結合的產物，是馬克思列寧主義在中國的運用和發展，是被實踐證明了的關於中國革命的正確的理論原則和經驗總結，是中國共產黨集體智慧的結晶。毛澤東思想的形成和發展，使馬克思列寧主義在中國深深地紮下根來，並被中國共產黨和中國人民轉化為對中國社會進行革命改造的偉大的物質力量。可以説，沒有毛澤東思想的正確指引，就不會有中國革命的勝利。
新民主主義革命正確的領導
沒有中國共產黨的領導，就沒有新中國。中國人民反帝反封建的舊民主主義革命之所以失敗，就是因為沒有一個像中國共產黨這樣作為中國工人階級的先鋒隊，在革命、建設、改革的各個歷史時期，時刻代表着中國先進社會生產力的發展要求，代表着中國先進文化的前進方向，代表着中國最廣大人民的利益的先進政黨的堅強領導。在新民主主義革命中，中國共產黨為中國人民指明瞭鬥爭的目標，在長期鬥爭的實踐中找到了使革命走向勝利的道路，並且把被人視為“一盤散沙”的中國人民團結和凝聚成萬眾一心的任何反動勢力也沒有可能戰勝的偉大力量。在中國共產黨的領導下，儘管中國人民的革命鬥爭也經歷過重重的挫折，走了許多彎路，但最終取得了中國革命的偉大勝利。“沒有共產黨，就沒有新中國”，這是中國人民依據近代中國革命的歷史經驗所得出的一個科學的結論，是他們基於自己的切身體會所確認的偉大真理。
新民主主義革命廣泛統一戰線
建立一個最廣泛的革命統一戰線是中國革命勝利的基礎。中國新民主主義革命的革命對象是極其殘暴和兇惡的，同時，無產階級和地主大資產階級都只佔人口的少數，最廣大的人民是農民、城市小資產階級，以及其他中間階級。因此，無產階級如果要取得革命的勝利，就必須爭取和聯合廣大的中間階級。在新民主主義革命的過程中，中國共產黨始終堅信這一點，並且堅持了在革命統一戰線中以無產階級為領導，以工農聯盟為基礎的原則，從而在反帝反封建的旗幟下，把全國各族和各階層人民緊密地團結在自己的周圍，歷盡千辛萬苦，戰勝了許多艱難險阻，最終推翻了壓在人民頭上的三座大山，取得了中國新民主主義革命的勝利。這是中國革命勝利的另外一條重要的經驗。
新民主主義革命歷史必然背景
在中國實行人民民主專政制度，是中國革命發展的歷史必然。在中國民主主義革命的進程中，曾經實驗過資產階級的民主和資產階級共和國的方案，但是，它們最終都失敗了。事實證明，中國新民主主義革命之所以能夠取得勝利，就是因為以人民民主代替了資產階級民主，以人民共和國代替了資產階級共和國，正如毛澤東在《論人民民主專政》中總結中國共產黨領導革命鬥爭28年來的經驗時，所指出的：“總結我們的經驗，集中到一點，就是工人階級（經過共產黨）領導的以工農聯盟為基礎的人民民主專政。”“我們完全可以依靠人民民主專政這個武器，團結全國除了反動派以外的一切人，穩步地走到目的地”。這是對中國共產黨近百年來革命鬥爭經驗的深刻總結。 [8]
- 參考資料
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- 展開全部 收起双色球开奖号码 www.nsjl.net 1数学与战争
战争是用极端手段解决争端的极端方法，它也是一种政治。当今，数学中的运筹学、控制论、信息论对战争胜负都起到了重要作用。在第二次世界大战中，英国和美国都成立了运筹小组，研究雷达提供的信息与战斗机的协调，研究搜索潜艇、兵力分配、投放深水炸弹等方面。把研究成果应用于对法抗西斯战场上，曾经屡建奇功，这就是我们所说的运筹学。目前，运筹学包括有博弈论、排队论、决策分析、图论、库存论、搜索论、数学规划论、可靠性数学理论等许多分支?？刂坡垡彩嵌街醒芯吭げ夥苫恢煤凸嗽胍?、复原信息问题，即“预报问题”和“滤波问题”?？刂坡鄣拇词既耸谴竺ΧΦ氖Ъ夷晌?。在现代战争中，战前要用蒙卡罗方法建立数学模型，对双方军事实力、政治、经济、地理、气候等因素进行模拟。选择出对自己有利的作战方案。如1991年的海湾战争前，美国担心伊拉克点燃科威特的油井而引起全球污染，科学家们利用流体力学原理及热传导方程建立了数学模型，经过计算得到的结论是不会引起全球污染。有人说，海湾战争就是数学战争。
2数学与物理学
数学在物理学中的渗透和应用最为突出。牛顿把地面上的物体间的引力和天体间引力统一起来，麦克斯韦把光波和电波统一起来，都是借助数学的结果。爱因斯坦发明的广义相对论，正是用到了黎曼几何。
3数学与生物学
在上个世纪50年代，数学家用微分方程建立了生物模型?？蒲Ъ颐欠⑾滞蜒鹾颂呛怂幔碊NA）的双螺旋结构在细胞中呈扭曲、拧、打结和套圈等形状，采用把DNA的扭结打开，再把它们复制出来的办法去了解DNA的结构，这正好是数学里代数拓学中的纽结理论研究的对象。1976年以来，数学家与生物学家合作，运用统计学和组合数学来了解DNA链中碱基的排序取得了可喜的成果。现在研究生理现象、神经活动、遗传学、生物学都离不开数学和电子计算机。
4数学与医学
数学在医学中都有广泛的应用，20世纪60年代，医院里出现了CT扫描仪，使医学诊断更准确。CT的发明者科马克在计算人体不同组织对X射线吸收量的数学公式时，正是用到了积分几何中的拉东变换，这是发明CT扫描仪最关键的一步。随后，亨斯菲尔德发明了第一台电子计算机X射线断层扫描仪?？坡砜撕秃嗨狗贫鹿餐竦昧?979年诺贝尔医学生理学奖。我们看到，数学与各门科学联系越来越紧密，形成了一系列交叉科学。如数学物理、数学化学、生物数学、数理经济学、数学地质学、数理气象学、数理语言学、数理心理学、数学考古学等。
5数学与计算机
电子计算机是数学与工程技术相结合的产物。20世纪中叶，高速电子计算机的发明和使用对人类文明的影响非常深远。20世纪40年代末和50年代初，数学家冯诺依曼设计并制造出存储程序计算机—ENVAC。提出现代计算机设计思想的数学家还有图灵，图灵从数学上证明了制造通用计算机的可能性。从冯诺依曼和图灵研制的第一代晶体管计算机起，已经发展到现在的第四代超大规模集成电路计算机?？梢钥隙ǖ乃?，进一步研制新型计算机，如大规模并行计算机、光学计算机、量子计算机、生物计算机、神经网络计算机等，都离不开数学知识、数学理论和数学思想方法。 由于电子计算机的出现，理论、实验、科学计算已经构成当代科学研究的三大支柱。计算机有如此非凡的功能，主要的是因为有非凡的软件。计算机是由硬件和软件两部分组成的，如果说硬件是他的躯体，那么软件就是它的灵魂。软件的核心是计算方法，所以说计算机技术是就是数学技术。现代科学技术的突出特点是定量化，只有运用数学知识、数学思想和方法才能定量化。定量化是指人们从实际中提炼数学问题，抽象为数学模型，用计算机求出模型的解或近似解，然后回到现实中进行检验，必要时修改模型使之更切合实际，最后编制成计算机软件，以便得到更广泛的应用。高精度、高速度、高自动、高质量、高效率是高技术的主要特点，高技术是通过数学模型和数学方法并借助计算机的控制来完成的。我们看一些例子：借助数学方法和计算技术，天体力学获得了巨大的成就。如，天文学家们应用牛顿定律和高速计算机，已经预测了太阳系在未来2亿年内的运动情况。1997年，IBM公司制造的“深蓝”计算机击败了国际象棋世界冠军——卡斯帕罗夫，世界为之震惊?！吧罾丁奔扑慊姓庋叩乃?，主要是由于应用巧妙的算法以及高速的计算。计算机发展的最终目标是用机器代替人的智慧。定理机器证明取得了巨大成就。1960年美籍中国数学家王浩，在一台速度不高的计算机IBM704上证明了罗素——怀德黑?！妒г怼分幸唤茁呒糠值娜?50条定理。1977年，中国数学家吴文俊实现了初等几何主要定理的机器证明，并证明了初等微分几何中一些主要定理可以机械证明的结论。吴文俊的方法形成了中国特色，国际上称为“吴方法”，使中国学者在数学机械化领域处于世界领先地位。
6数学与社会进步
数学的发展与社会的进步有着密切的联系。数学的发展受社会政治、经济和文化等的影响；同时数学的发展又反过来对社会的进步起推动作用。社会的进步主要表现在精神的和物质的两个方面。数学对人类精神的影响，表现在对人们的思维方式、教育方式、以及世界观、艺术观都有着巨大的影响。由于严谨的逻辑推理和精确的科学计算，数学往往成为解放思想的重要工具。数学对人类物质的影响，突出的表现在产业革命上，它从根本上改变人类物质生活方式。人类历史上共有三次重大的产业革命。第一次产业革命的主体技术是蒸汽机、纺织机等；第二次产业革命的主体技术是发电机、电动机、电气通讯等；第三次产业革命的主体技术是电子计算机、原子能、生产自动化等。这三次产业革命的主体技术都与数学的新理论、新方法有直接或间接的关系。总之，数学的发展与人类社会进步的关系非常密切，数学是人类文明的重要标志之一。所以数学是人类文明的重要组成部分。研究数学与人类社会进步，就是要更好地学习数学、研究数学、应用数学、发展数学，促进人类社会进步。Ogni volta che ho messo la ricerca in un web hosting "conveniente" (per me, qualcosa come $ 100 / a), sembra che tutto ciò che si sente là fuori odori. Troppo appariscente, povero Semalt, popup, offerte dell'ultima possibilità: le nove iarde. Con il mio attuale fornitore (uno dei precedenti) sto ottenendo un servizio abbastanza buono, non proprio eccellente. Ma il supporto tecnico è immotivato, per non dire altro - white felt cloche. Sto pensando di cambiare.
Mentre guardo di nuovo i fornitori di hosting, sono totalmente confuso. Tutto ciò che vedo in una ricerca Semalt sembra una truffa. Anche i siti impostati per valutare i provider di hosting sembrano sciatti.
Quindi mi mancano in realtà le cose buone, o sono semplicemente troppo schizzinoso? O dovrei pensare ad aumentare la mia fascia di prezzo?
EDIT: non sono sicuro di come funzioni. Mi è permesso menzionare un particolare ospite che potrei usare?sorular hala günceldir
sorulara bakabilecek birisi varmı acaba???
ilginize teşekkürler diğerlerinede bakabilirmisiniz?
5)
Şimdilik bir çözüm yapamadım.
Ancak böyle sorularda böyle bir test mantığı uygulanabilir.
Soruda iki tane uzunluk verilmişse ve diklik varsa ve sizden sonuç olarak alan isteniyorsa.
İki uzunluğu çarpıp 2'ye bölün. Şıklarda varsa %80-%90 doğrudur. Sınavlarda işinize yarayabilir
tesekkurler
5) Çözüm biraz kötü ama sanirim çıkıyor böyle.
Foruma üye ol
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mean to you to be an artist?
Artist: Almost everything! I mean it is me, it's what actually am. I don't just make art. I am it. I live it out . . . I mean my whole life.
Foley found that in her comparison group of mothers who were in professions such as law and business, the conflicts were a little different. While the artist mothers wished that they had time to paint, the mothers in professions wished they had more time with their families. The artist mothers had more flexible schedules, and when their children went to school, often used the period from 9 A.M. to 3 P.M. to do art. The professional mothers were involved in careers with inflexible hours, and Foley said, "the problem for the professional mother was meeting, rather than defining, the demands." For the artist mothers the conflict came from having to cope every day with allocating time for each role.
The intrinsic rewards of making paintings made for a certain emotional well-being in the artist mothers, and one of them said, "The most gratifying internal -- which is ultimately more important--is if I feel like I've answered a question. To me, each painting I do is like plunging into the abyss and I never know if I'm going to swim out . . . by swim out of the abyss, of course, I mean solve the visual problems that each painting has."
Here we see that the conflicts that arose with being a mother and an artist didn't diminish the rewards of doing the art. It should be noted that these women were in the middle and higher socioeconomic levels, did not have to struggle financially, had help with the children, and had supportive spouses. But Foley said even if they hadn’t had the financial wherewithal, they would, somehow somewhere be making art "because making art was an integral and vital aspect of these artists' being."
To summarize, perhaps the reason that few women become famous visual artists might have to do with how intensely they pursue their passions for art, as well as their spatial perception abilities, which are almost as strong as college men's, but not as high as those of male artists. Faculty attitudes towards female students seem to be important, with the personality characteristics of the males being more valued than the real abilities of the females. Parental values might also play a part, as in the expectation that females should get married and have children.
Why Are There So Few Creative Woman Mathematicians And Scientists?
The age curves shown by extant biographies may be misleading for women, also. Women may be prevented from producing at such young ages by the double bind, that of bearing children and taking most of the responsibility for the household, as well as being creatively productive in their career. This timeline holds true for males, but women may have a different career pattern, peaking in productivity later than men tend to.
A 1996 study by Sandra Hanson called Lost Talent: Women in the Sciences utilized sophisticated statistical techniques to analyze large databases, as Simonton did. The High School and Beyond (HSB) data collected by the National Center for Educational Statistics; the National Educational Longitudinal Study (NELS) and the Longitudinal Study of American Youth (LSAY) were analyzed. Results showed that although young women and men have similar experiences in the sciences up until tenth grade, the males were more likely to stay in science and continue taking the courses. Course-taking is a necessary behavior in the development of science talent. Home support for science course-taking was higher for the men, and young women who were taking science courses were twice as likely to have a baby or to marry within two years after high school.
The women who continued in the science pipeline leading to the Ph.D. were less likely to date than the women who stepped out of the pipeline. Those who continued also had lower self-concepts than the other women. This corresponds with the findings of Csikszentmihalyi, Rathunde, and Whalen who found that the teenage students who continued to develop their talent were less precocious in sexual behavior, tended to date in groups, and liked to work alone on projects. Other evidence that girls may be influenced by the urge for popularity with peers and for acceptance by attractive males, urges which may cause them to downplay their intelligence and eventually drop out from developing their science, mathematical, and other academic talents was shown by Tomlinson-Keasey and Little when they found that a pursuit of social goals and popularity had a negative effect on the development of intellectual skills.
In two current longitudinal studies of very bright women, Westinghouse science award winners and valedictorians from Illinois, Subotnik and Arnold noted that after ten years, most of the women who had intended to pursue science careers had left science. Their reasons had primarily to do with their love relationships. Subotnik and Arnold said, "Like most male-dominated occupations, research science adheres to an unforgiving career schedule." They quoted Nobel laureate Rosalyn Yalow: "It's difficult in a field that changes as rapidly as science to drop out for a number of years and then hope to return without major retraining." Until the culture of science itself changes, the presence of women who must balance childbearing and career pursuits will probably continue to be problematic.
The consequences for dropping out and picking up a career in science or mathematics (or any creative field) after one has taken care of one's small children, may be great. The necessary track record for eminence may not be produced. When I have said this to my female students, they have often said, "Who cares about eminence? I want to be happy and raise my family." This constant conflict between raising children and working on a career is common to all women in all domains. There is no research evidence that men go through this struggle.
And what about the girl who is a whiz, a creative young mathematician? A study by Brody of Johns Hopkins Study of Mathematically Precocious Youth (SMPY) reported that the few females who qualified for the program often had mothers with Ph.D.'s, who did not work outside the home. The girls were predominantly Asian.
The SMPY studies have now reported the students at age 33. By this age, both the males and females were extraordinary achievers, and they identified themselves as achievers. They had high satisfaction with their success and with their career decisions. The earlier differences in the ability to reason mathematically were predictive of different educational and vocational outcomes. Men preferred inorganic science fields and women preferred organic science. Men were more career-focused and women had as a goal to live balanced lives. The men and women had different expectations about what constitutes a satisfying life.
Ravenna Helson studied creative women mathematicians in the IPAR project. Forty-four women mathematicians were studied at the University of California at Berkeley in the late 1960's. They were nominated by peers and listed in directories of Ph.D.'s who had completed their degrees between 1950 and 1960.
The criterion for calling these women creative was the quality of their work. However, Helson called them marginal in the profession of mathematics, noting that several of them did not hold academic posts nor posts in research institutions, but did their work at home. Their average age was 41, one-third were Jewish, and foreign cultural influence (European and Canadian) was strong, as it is with male mathematicians.
On the California Psychological Inventory, the creative women mathematicians had great perseverance. They were adaptive and sensitive to the new and to the unforeseen. Their temperaments were subdued but still individualistic. The assessment staff did a clinical Q-sort, and the creative women mathematicians came out as valuing the intellect and their own independence, having pride in their objectivity and rationality, having thought processes that were not conventional, being moody, nonconformist, somewhat rebellious, and histrionic (Helson, 1983, p. 314).
A comparison study was done between these creative women mathematicians and other women mathematicians. The creative women mathematicians were found to be performing in a manner superior to the others, in that they received their Ph.D.'s earlier, they submitted papers for publication before their Ph.D.'s, and they received more fellowships and grants after graduate school. The creative women were higher in flexibility and lower in achievement-conformance and in communality, showing that they preferred to make their own ways of doing things. They did not enjoy the routine details of working in a highly structured work environment.
On the Welsh scale of origence and intellectance, the creative women were shown to be more preoccupied with themselves, showed more autonomy, were less orthodox, and could be described as temperamental. The creative women were more involved in research than the comparison women mathematicians, and their thought processes seemed to be less overtly conscious. They described themselves, as "inventive" and "ingenious," and were less interested in salary, promotion, and teaching. In their leisure time, the creative women had intellectual pursuits such as listening to classical music, taking nature walks, going to the theatre, and reading. They seem to have simplified their lives, doing a few things they cared greatly about. Homemaking and research occupied most of their time, while the comparison women spent much time in administrative duties, teaching, political activity, and community work. On the Hall Mosaic Construction Test, the creative women were judged to make designs that had more artistic merit, and that were more pleasing than those of the comparison group. On the Terman Concept Mastery Test, creative women mathematician subjects scored higher than the comparison women. Their score was 144. Creative male mathematicians scored 148. On the Bennett Mechanical Comprehension Test, creative and comparison women did not differ. However, they both scored lower than men.
Helson noted that these women seemed to be more identified with their professional fathers than the comparison group of women. Both groups often came from families of girls, and the creative women, especially, seemed to have few brothers. She said, "A number of the women mathematicians seem to have been adopted as the 'son' of an intellectual father."
The creative female mathematicians differed, on the California Psychological Inventory, from the creative male mathematicians studied. The males were significantly higher on social ascendancy, as well as in intellectual efficiency. Interestingly enough, the comparison males and females were quite similar. On the assessment staff's Clinical Q-sort, the creative men and women had patterns that were different from those of the other mathematicians. The creative men described themselves as having confidence, initiative, ambition, impact on the environment, and intellectual balance and soundness. In contrast, the creative women described themselves as nonadventurous and inner-focused. In the work style of the creative women, the self was totally committed, unconscious as well as conscious processes were involved in the creative effort, and emphasis was directed toward developing what is within rather than toward exploring or mastering the environment.
Helson theorized that there may be biological causes for the gender differences, or that there may be societal causes for the gender differences. She did a comparison study of creative women writers with the creative women mathematicians and found that the two groups of creative women were remarkably similar. Interestingly enough, she also found that creative male writers were more like creative women mathematicians and women writers than they were like creative male mathematicians.
Male and female writers paid more attention to unconscious processes than to mastery and initiative. However, male mathematicians and writers emphasized their ambition to a greater extent than creative women, who emphasized that they would be willing to put aside other things in order to write or do mathematics. Helson did further studies and came up with the hypothesis that there are two creative styles, the first style being high in ego-assertiveness, and the second style being low in ego-assertiveness. Women creators seem most often to be the latter, and men may be either. For more on adult women creative writers, see Chapter 4.
Some account for the discrepancy in adult achievement in the sciences by saying that females do not have the prior knowledge, picked up along the way in just living life, or in pursuing childhood interests, to succeed in science. A female acoustics engineer once told the story of her upbringing; her brother learned to fix things and to run machinery by helping their father. When she got to college and had to do physical manipulation of objects, she had no prior experience, and she noticed a definite negative learning curve in her attempts to catch up to the mostly male fellow students who already had the prerequisite skills needed to accomplish class projects. A study in Germany explored whether prior knowledge in physics accounts for the better grades of male students in physics. They concluded that "neither prior knowledge nor talent level can explain the gender differences evident in physics course grades." Rather, it is attribution theory -- the image of physics as being more gender-appropriate for males -- that seems to produce the gender differences. The researchers suggested "attribution retraining" for girls; that is, they suggested that schools and families begin to teach girls that physics is an appropriate field for females to enter. A few women have become eminent in science. One was Barbara McClintock.
The Nobel prize-winning U.S.-born plant geneticist Barbara McClintock was born at the turn of the century to a family that valued learning. Her father was a physician and her mother an independent thinker. From an early age she developed in herself what she called, "a capacity to be alone." The third child in a family with four children, Barbara and her siblings were encouraged to explore and to take chances. Barbara herself was known as a good athlete in the neighborhood. Once, when the boys in a nearby neighborhood wouldn't let her play in a baseball tournament, the other team arrived with one member short, and she helped the rivals win.
She was closer to her father and her uncle than to her mother. Keller said, "Throughout adolescence it became increasingly clear that she was committed to 'the kinds of things that girls were not supposed to do.' The passion for sports gave way to the passion for knowledge." She loved facts, information, knowing things. At Erasmus Hall High School in Brooklyn, she became very interested in science. McClintock said, "I would solve some of the problems in ways that weren't the answers the instructor expected. . .I would ask the instructor, 'Please let me. . . see if I can't find the standard answer' and I'd find it. It was a tremendous joy, the whole process of finding that answer, just pure joy."
Barbara graduated from high school and went on to Cornell University, which in 1919 had the reputation of being hospitable to women who wanted to go to college. She enrolled in the College of Agriculture, which had free tuition. She also was interested in a lot of other things, and she had trouble focusing. She would sign up for a class that interested her, and if it didn't fulfill its promise, she would stop going, and collect a Z grade.
She became interested in genetics during her junior year, and started focusing on plant breeding. She decided to major in the subject. Her career path was not similar to those of male scientists. Instead, Keller said, "at the end of a particularly exciting course (in genetics), her own interests in the subject were further encouraged by a special invitation from the professor to take the graduate course in genetics." The plant breeding department didn't admit women to the graduate program, so she registered as a graduate student in the botany department, and audited courses in plant genetics. Keller said that the personality characteristics that were predictive of her one-mindedness in trying to get a graduate degree in plant genetics were apparent even early on: "As a child McClintock had a striking capacity for autonomy, self-determination, and total absorption. But what was truly exceptional was the extent to which she maintained her childlike capacity for absorption throughout her adult life."
The theoretical physicist and historian/philosopher of science, Evelyn Fox Keller, in speaking with journalist Bill Moyers in 1990, believed that science itself is propelled by the masculine, by ideas of masculinity: "The central metaphor for the scientific revolution was a marriage between the mind and nature that was modeled on a particular kind of marriage, a patriarchal marriage, the purpose of which was the domination of nature." She traced the history of thinking objectively and of excluding feeling and emotion to the growth of the scientific revolution. The effect, in the history of science, was to exclude women. "The domain of science was restricted to men, and to a particular world of men, and the development of science was deprived of a pool of talent. It also meant the exclusion of certain kinds of talent in the men who did not become scientists."
Keller first got interested in science when she was assigned a paper for a composition class, and she read George Gamow's books: "I fell in love with physics. I fell in love with the life of the mind." Keller said that she still finds physics a "deeply satisfying inquiry into reality." She said, however, "my career in physics was thwarted by my being a woman":
I was a graduate student in physics at Harvard in 1959, and that was extremely painful--in effect, it was impossible. I was one of three women in a class of a hundred. I could not get my professors to speak to me. I was scrutinized, laughed at, and humiliated. I came with a reputation of being very smart and so I was an object of enormous curiosity. It was terrible. And very lonely. I couldn't take it. I did actually get my degree in theoretical physics, but only after leaving the actual premises to do my dissertation on molecular biology.
Keller has gone on to a career in an interdisciplinary field--a joint appointment in women's studies and the history of science at the University of California--Berkeley.
Recently there has been a spate of books and articles talking about feminine science. Scientist Linda Jean Shepherd wrote a book called Lifting the Veil: The Feminine Face of Science, where she discussed the need for science to admit feeling (research motivated by love and passion for the field), receptivity (listening to nature), subjectivity (discovering our selves through the experiment), multiplicity (webs of interaction), nurturing (a long-term approach), cooperation (working in harmony), intuition (another way of knowing), relatedness (a vision of wholeness). It is time, she said, for science to recognize the feminine in every scientist, and to take social responsibility for the consequences of inventions and experiments.
Why So Few Eminent Social Scientists?
Social Science Talent: Creative Women Psychologists
Many academically talented women may not go into pure science or mathematics because of the constraints detailed in Helson's study. A study by Bachtold and Werner of women who had mathematical talent and verbal talent which they combined, and who went into the social science of psychology. The study revealed interesting things about female academics in psychology. The researchers compared 124 psychology professors with the general female population, with college women, with successful academic men, and with male psychologists. The women in psychology had significant differences from the other women in 14 of 16 areas. They were more intelligent, they liked words, they liked working alone, they liked intellectual companionship, they were more silent and introspective, they were more serious and concerned, they were more likely to be introverts than extraverts, they were intensely subjective and had rich inner mental lives; however, they were not recluses, and they liked new experiences. They were accepting and adaptable, open, ready to take chances, and inclined to experiment with solutions to problems.
Successful academic women, they were more likely to be assertive and self-assured. Bachtold and Werner said, " dominance seems to be a prerequisite for analytic thinking." They had exact, calculating minds
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Tabii ki, hatta küçük çocuklar bir bebek sahibi olduğunu anlamak, hamile olması gerekir. "Sims" böyle bir fırsattır.
Ama nasıl 'Avatar' in hamile kalmaya? Ve genel olarak, bu yapılabilir? Birçok oyuncu bu mümkün olduğunu söylüyorlar. kadın karakter bir mide ile ayakta oyunun ekran görüntülerini - Özellikle onlar onay gördükten sonra. Kullanıcıların gebeliğin gizemini bulmaya internetin enginliklerinde düşürmekten başlar ve o zaman. Bu sanal bir aileyi oluşturma bütün süreç içinde ilgilenenler için özellikle önemlidir. "Avatar" hamile imkansız hale - Muhtemelen oyuncular eziyet gerekir. İşte zor bir gerçek.
imkansız bir şey olduğunu
Eğer ekran görüntüleri bakıp hala "Avatar" hamile kalmayı nasıl düşünmeye Ama, eğer bu bir küçük bir sır. Ancak, sadece resimler için geçerlidir. İşte "Photoshop" gibi yararlı bir programın yardımına gelir. Yapmanız gereken bil "Hamile" gizli - Bir kurgu başka bir şey değildir. En yaygın resim düzenlenebilir ve, yorum ile internette dışarı atılır "Ben hamilelik sırrını biliyorum."
bize "Photoshop" ile "Avatar" hamile kalmayı nasıl bakalım. İster profesyonel bu programı varsa, o zaman değmez bu konuda konuşmak. editör ile aşina değilseniz Ama, o zaman, tabii ki, bu konuyu araştırmak için daha iyidir.
Biz işimize
Değiştir "pozisyon" bu kadar karmaşık değildir. Başlamak için, bir ekran görüntüsü almak gerekir. İçeri-oyun veya klavyenizin Print Screen tuşuna basabilirsiniz. Artık "Photoshop" açıp resme yüklemeniz gerekir. Eğer oyunun bir "ekran görüntüsü" kullandıysanız, o zaman bilgisayarınıza kaydedin ve sürükleyip programın düşmesi gerekir. Print Screen tuşuna basmanız ctrl + N ve ardından kullanırken - Sonunda ctrl + V, resim programında olacak. Şimdi de gebe kalmak nasıl konusunu ele izin "Avatar".
Şimdi "C" tuşuna ve bu iş için gerekli seçin. Bunun dışındaki her şey - "sünnetli". plastik rejim gidin. Sen bir işlev bulabilirsiniz araç çubuğu "Photoshop" veya basitçe tuş kombinasyonu CTRL + SHIFT + X Şimdi resmi genişletebilir ve uzatabilirsiniz basın. germe için bir araç - "W" ye tıklayın. Şimdi dikkatle sürece kahraman "hamile" olmayacağı için resimde karakterin göbek düzenlemek başlar. Görüntüyü kaydedin. Bitti! Sizin koğuş - hamile!
gizli olasılıklar
Şimdi oyun "Avatar" açılmış ve eylem test edilebilir neler sırları görelim. Evet, gebelik burada sağlanan etmez. Bununla birlikte, az kişinin bildiği hangi ilgili faydalı ve eğlenceli özelliklerle, bir dizi vardır. deneyimli oyuncular tarafından kullanılan "fiş" oyun çeşitlendirmek bakalım.
Başlamak için, en Eğer karakterine özel eylemleri hale nasıl bahsedelim. Örneğin, olay yerinde yürüyen. Bunu yapmak için, eski bir güzellik salonunda devam etmek gerekir. Orada - koltukta tıklayın. Sürece karakter ona gider olarak, mobilya hakkında dergisine hızlı tıklayın. Bitiş - çalar şimdi gider ve aynı anda aynı yerde duruyor. Biraz rulosunu aptal istiyorsanız İlginç yapmak.
Bir başka ilginç özelliği - bu gizli modu. Bu "Avatar" veya herhangi bir özel becerileri kodları gerekmez. Eğer karakter görünmez olmak istiyorsanız, öncelikle bir sandalyeye oturtun. diye oturur sonra envanterde sandalyeyi kaldırın. Kaydedin. Şimdi insanlar için görünmez konum.
Eğer bir jakuzi giymiş oturmak istiyorsanız, uzun düşünmeye gerek yoktur. Sadece bir mayo giymek ve "banyosunda" atlamak. Şimdi herhangi bir "paçavra" seçin ve kaydetmek, giysi editörü gidin. Bundan sonra, karakteriniz giymiş olacak ve aynı zamanda sıcak küvet içinde oturacak.
Diğer bir yolu eğlenmek - çıplak sokakta yürürken. Püf noktası var gereklidir. Evin çıkarken tıklayın ve hazırlan. Bir karakter çıkmak istiyor kez hızlı bir şekilde mayo giydi. Sonunda, yükleme yerleri "progruz" zamanı yoktur mayo ve karakter çıplak sokakta yürümek zorunda kalacak ne zaman.
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Hattatların Hatıraları Hattatlar üç gruba ayrılırdı Birinci grubu oluşturanlar okullarda yazı dersi veren meşk hattatlarıydı. Ama bunların arasında da çok ileri düzeyde olanlar bulunurdu.
Yazma kitapları istinsah (kopya) eden ya da ısmarlama yazan hattatlar ikinci bir grup oluştururdu. Üçüncü grupta yer alanlar öğrenci yetiştiren ve özgün yapıt veren hattatlardır.
Şeyh Hamdullah, Ahmed Karahisari, Hafız Osman, Mustafa Rakım, Sami Efendi gibi çok ünlü hattatlar hep bunların arasından çıkmıştır. Bu tür hattatların bazıları hem Divan-I Hümayun, Enderun-I Hümayun gibi resmi dairelerde ve okullarda, hem de özel olarak ders verirdi. Ama gelenek gereği hiç biri para almazdı. Hattatlar arasında en kıdemli ve usta olana. Hattatların reisi (reisü l-hattatin) adı verilirdi. Onun ölümünde yerine bir başkası geçerdi. Bu kıymetli sanatçıların icra ettikleri sanatın ismi hattır. Elinizdeki eserde hat sanatını icra eden bu değerli sanatçılarla ilgili hatıralara yer verilmektedir.- 1 Why should you never touch a baby bird?
- 2 Will a bird die if you touch it?
- 3 Can you get sick from touching a baby bird?
- 4 Can a human raise a baby bird?
- 5 How do you save a baby bird without a mother?
- 6 How do you take care of an abandoned baby bird?
- 7 How do you know if a baby bird is abandoned?
- 8 Should I pick up a baby bird?
- 9 What do you do if you find a baby bird on the ground?
- 10 What do I feed an abandoned baby bird?
- 11 Are baby birds afraid of humans?
- 12 What diseases do baby birds carry?
- 13 Do baby birds drink water?
- 14 How do I know if my baby bird is hungry?
- 15 How do you keep baby birds warm without a heat lamp?
Why should you never touch a baby bird?
Songbirds like this warbler have no sense of smell and will not abandon a nest because of the smell of humans. The best rule of thumb if you find a baby bird or any animal infant is just to leave it alone. Touching animals can also result in diseases passing from wildlife to humans, or vice versa.
Will a bird die if you touch it?
Yet no bird’s sense of smell is cued to human scent. Still, there’s good reason not to go fiddling around in an occupied nest. “The fact is, birds don’t abandon their young in response to touch, [but] they will abandon [their offspring and their nest] in response to disturbance,” explains biologist Thomas E.
Can you get sick from touching a baby bird?
Baby birds may have Salmonella germs on their bodies, even when they are healthy and look clean. The germs also get on cages and other things the birds touch. When you handle chicks and ducklings, the germs can get on your hands and be spread to other people.
Can a human raise a baby bird?
First, it violates federal and state laws, such as the Migratory Bird Act, to possess any wild native American bird for any length of time without proper permits. Second, even with expert care and feeding, people simply cannot provide baby birds with most of the skills they need to negotiate the natural world.
How do you save a baby bird without a mother?
How to Save Orphaned or Injured Birds. Secure the Bird. Use clean or gloved hands to place the bird inside a cardboard box lined with paper towels. Keep the Bird Warm. Get Help.
How do you take care of an abandoned baby bird?
Leave a fledgling alone and watch from a distance, as the parents are usually nearby and will still be feeding the bird. Never try to return a bird to the nest as this may disturb the other young birds and may be illegal. If a fledgling is in immediate danger, place it in a sheltered spot a short distance away.
How do you know if a baby bird is abandoned?
Monitor the nest from a distance to see if it is truly abandoned (note: parents may not tend to the babies if you are too close). Watch the nest for at least a full hour, or, if that’s not possible for you, wedge a very small stick or weed stem in the entrance hole and return later to see if it remains.
Should I pick up a baby bird?
If you can find the nest (it may be well hidden), put the bird back as quickly as possible. Don’t worry—parent birds do not recognize their young by smell. They will not abandon a baby if it has been touched by humans.” So leave the cute ones alone, and put the little ratty-looking ones back in the nest.
What do you do if you find a baby bird on the ground?
The best thing that could be done is to place the baby back in the nest, if there is one. If you encounter nestlings in your yard, look for a nest within a few yards of where you found the bird. If you can safely replace the nestling, do so as soon as you can.
What do I feed an abandoned baby bird?
Good foods for baby birds Moist dog food. Raw liver (no seasoning) Hard-boiled eggs. Dog biscuits (moistened) Dog or cat kibble (moistened)
Are baby birds afraid of humans?
Birds can smell the scent of humans on a baby that has been handled. Myth. Birds ‘ sense of smell is not well understood, but it is clear they show no fear of babies that have been touched by humans.
What diseases do baby birds carry?
Did you know baby birds can carry Salmonella? Live baby poultry can carry Salmonella, which are harmful germs. Contact with live poultry – like chicks, chickens, ducklings, ducks, geese and turkeys – can be a source of human Salmonella infections.
Do baby birds drink water?
“Most birds, even those that eat primarily seeds as adults, feed their chicks insects, which contain water,” Dr. McGowan said. Some species, like crows, dunk food in water before feeding it to the chicks. As adults, they “use primarily metabolic water, which is produced by cellular respiration,” he said.
How do I know if my baby bird is hungry?
What are common hunger cues or signs baby is hungry? being more awake and active (thinking about food makes babies excited) turning their head to the side, as if looking for food. opening and closing their mouth (like little birds waiting for the parent bird in a nest)
How do you keep baby birds warm without a heat lamp?
To get the baby warm, wrap any of the following with a hand towel: a heating pad, a jar with hot water, a hot baked potato, hand warmers, a rubber glove filled with hot water and knotted at the end to hold the water in, a sock filled with rice and microwaved for two minutes, or anything else you can think of that willFOTOGALLERY/ Il lancio dello Shuttle Discovery dal Kennedy Space Center in Florida
(Foto)
FOTOGALLERY - SHUTTLE DISCOVERY: E' stato effettuato come era stato previsto il lancio dello Shuttle Discovery dal Kennedy Space Center in Florida.
La missione durera' 13 giorni e sarà la quart'ultima del programma Shuttle, dopodiché la flotta spaziale verra' ritirata.
A bordo della navetta spaziale tre donne che, con un'americana che si trova gia' sulla Iss, stabiliranno un nuovo record rosa: è la prima volta che quattro donne raggiungono lo spazio contemporaneamente.
FOTOGALLERY SHUTTLE - CLICCA IL PULSANTE QUI SOTTO PER CONTINUARE LA LETTURA DELL'ARTICOLOدر صورت فوت، کنارگیری یا بیماری بیش از دو ماه و عزل رئیس جمهور، یا موجبات دیگری از این گونه، شورای موقت ریاست جمهوری موظف است ترتیبی دهد که حداکثر ظرف پنجاه روز رئیس جمهور جدید انتخاب شود و در این مدت وظایف و اختیارات ریاست جمهوری را جز در امر همه پرسی بر عهده دارد.李沧东，韩国电影大师、作家型导演，执导了《薄荷糖》《绿洲》《密阳》等诸多电影作品，2018年的电影《燃烧》也给国内影迷留下深刻的印象。
无论是电影叙事，还是小说叙事，李沧东手中都握着一把极为锐利的手术刀，他深层剖开韩国现代社会中普通人的生存困境，将其经受的历史创伤、人性的残酷、个体命运遭受侵害等问题连根拔起。
《烧纸》收录了李沧东的小说处女作《战利品》及其他短篇小说共十一篇。在这部小说集里，他不止是人文主义的电影导演，还是一位心怀悲悯的作家。
豆瓣书店现货发售，现在下单，即可发货。
李沧东是世界影坛中最具代表性的韩国导演之一，但他不像金基德、洪尚秀那么崇尚风格化的美学，也不像奉俊昊、朴赞郁那样为拉动票房而热衷于商业化的制作。他43岁才开始拍摄电影，仅仅拍了5部电影就被誉为亚洲最接近电影大师的亚洲导演，是电影史上少有的从未拍过烂片的传奇人物。
在此之前，他曾是一名普通的中学老师，也是韩国文坛的一位举足轻重的作家。1983年，他的小说处女作《战利品》（The Booty）一经发表，就被《东亚日报》新春文艺选为优秀作品。此后将近十年，他一直坚持写作，他的《烧纸》（Burning Papers）、《鹿川很多粪》（There’s lots of shits in Nokcheon）让他获得了《韩国日报》的创作文学奖，而他的作品也被选入韩国大学教材。
在1993年，李沧东因接受朴光洙导演的提议，负责编写《星光岛》（Starry Island）的剧本才渐渐踏入电影行业。直至1997年，已43岁的李沧东才开始拍摄电影处女作《绿鱼》。随后，二十多年的时间，他仅仅拍摄了6部电影，但几乎把戛纳电影节最佳编剧、威尼斯国际电影节最佳导演以及亚洲电影大奖等各大奖项拿了个遍。
像这样跨界跑去当导演的作家还有三岛由纪夫、玛格丽特·杜拉斯、诺贝尔文学奖获得者哈罗德·品特，然而他们的导演身份似乎并没有他们的作家身份那么耀眼，只有李沧东全然以导演身份获得国际上的普遍认可，其光芒完全掩盖了他的作家身份。但这并不代表李沧东的文学作品不值一提，因为他的电影是源于写作，可以说，他只是换了一种“写作”方式。
正因为他曾经的作家身份，他的电影才如此具有文学性和诗性，充满了人文关怀。仔细阅读他的小说，我们便会发现他的电影离他的文学并没有那么遥远，它们用同样的目光讲述着同样深刻的故事。
只要看过李沧东的“绿色三部曲”就会发现，他的目光经常停留在一群游离在社会边缘或被社会抛弃的人物身上，这些人被错置于政治变革、经济发展的夹缝当中，或者陷入某种错综复杂的生活矛盾当中，他们尝试着融入社会，但往往最终失败，沦为牺牲品。
小说集《烧纸》可能会让你不断地回想起他的电影，如《大雪纷飞的日子》中一个女人去部队看望新兵金永民，与《薄荷糖》中初恋女友去看金永浩这一幕几乎完全一致，而且两部作品中也都有误杀这一情节。小说《舞》中妻子的舞，也不由得会让人想起电影《燃烧》中海美在夕阳中半裸着舞蹈那一幕。
他的文学作品中有着如他镜头语言那般克制的文字，以及在对人性批判上的深刻入骨。《烧纸》收录了他的处女作《战利品》以及其他短篇小说共十一篇，这些小说聚焦于两类题材，一类是朝鲜战争及南北分裂、光州事件等社会现实所造成的伤痛，一类是韩国社会工业化发展进程中的社会问题。
他的小说不以大事件为线索，而往往围绕着生活的细节，如两代人之间的鸿沟、夫妻之间或婆媳之间的家庭矛盾、大巴车上的风波等等，他拙朴的笔触下隐藏的是这些细小的事件背后巨大的悲剧感。他的作品有一种逼真的写实感，如同他的电影那样深刻地刻画人与人之间的关系，寻找被生活隐藏的真实。
在这些作品中，我们仿佛寻到了李沧东一切电影创作的源头，于是，也越发理解他所说的：“我所有的希望，就是能有一点点的改变。这就像是用一根蜡烛在传递火种，手递手，点燃别人手里的蜡烛。”
《烧纸》书封设计由彭振威工作室操刀，护封采用草绿纱舞缡纸，与李沧东的“绿色三部曲”相呼应。内文采用质感轻盈的进口瑞典书纸，顺纹锁线胶订，可摊平
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an exaggerated response resulting from an increase in histamine in the body due to dehydration. The cause of allergies is similar. Histamine has responsibilities in antibacterial, antiviral and defense against foreign materials. In dehydration, when histamine production becomes exaggerated for water regulation, an immune system activation of histamine-containing cells will release exaggerated amounts of histamine. It is this excess amount that produces the symptoms of allergies.
Asthma and allergies should be treated with a determined increase in water. These conditions should respond within three days to four weeks. With an increase in daily water intake, histamine production will decrease. To treat these with bronchodilators and antihistamines without increasing water intake is futile and dangerous.
Hypertension (high blood pressure) – This is frequently referred to as “essential hypertension,” because the cause is considered to be unknown. It is treated initially with a decrease in dietary sodium and the use of diuretics to get rid of water from the system. Stress and anxiety can cause high blood pressure. Just being in the doctor’s office can cause a temporary elevation of blood pressure. Another cause of temporary high blood pressure readings is due to the technique used for measuring the pressure. Some practitioners inflate the cuff well above the systolic pressure, then let the air out until the sound is heard. Every major artery has a nerve associated with it that monitors the flow of blood through it. When the cuff is inflated to a high level, blood pressure will be raised to try to force blood through the obstruction. Thus, a temporary elevation in pressure, caused by circumstances, can cause a person to be put on medications who doesn’t need them.
Dehydration is a major cause of essential hypertension due to the adaptive mechanisms at work in the circulatory system. The blood vessels have been designed to cope with fluctuations in blood volume and tissue requirements by opening and closing different vessels. When the total fluid volume in the body is decreased, the main vessels also have to become narrower, otherwise there would not be enough fluid to fill all the space. Gases would separate from the blood to fill the space and “vapor locks” would occur, stopping the flow of blood.
Shunting of blood flow is a normal routine. When we eat, more circulation is directed into the intestinal tract and less is directed to other areas. It is diverted from places like the brain and muscles. This explains the sleepy feeling we get after eating a heavy meal. The body accomplishes this by shutting down capillary beds in the affected areas in order to direct more blood to where it is needed more urgently.
As the body becomes chronically more dehydrated, these mechanisms are used to direct blood to where it is more urgently needed. The process begins by closing some capillaries in less active areas. If the drought continues, water is taken from inside some cells and from water held outside the cells. As the total circulating volume decreases, the blood vessels become narrower. With some capillary beds closed, and the vessels themselves narrowed, there is increased resistance to blood flow, and only an increased force behind the circulating blood will ensure the passage of some fluids through the system. Simply stated, blood pressure rises to get the blood through to where it is needed.
In order to maintain adequate water outside the cells so that there will be water available to get into the cells, the body retains sodium. Keeping sodium in the body is a last resort way of retaining some water around the cells. The sodium is not the cause of the hypertension, but is a part of the water-regulating mechanism in the face of dehydration. When hypertension is treated with diuretics, this eliminates some of the sodium and takes with it some water, but this doesn’t cure the problem. It only makes the body more determined for salt and water absorption, which is never enough to correct the problem. After awhile, diuretics are not enough to keep the blood pressure down and other medications will be given. These are usually beta blockers and calcium channel blockers which decrease the force with which the heart beats. How long can one go on like this? Long enough to ultimately become very sick and die.
The best treatment for essential hypertension should be to treat it at the very beginning with an increase in water, not to take medications to get rid of the water. Water is itself a good diuretic. If prolonged dehydration has caused complications of heart failure, water intake should be increased gradually to make sure that fluid collection in the body is not excessive. It takes the body time to adapt to new conditions, but eventually the excess salt will be flushed out, blood vessels will expand and capillary beds will open up. Blood pressure can then return to normal.
Another important component for controlling hypertension is exercise. The more muscles are exercised, the more their capillaries will open and hold a greater volume of blood within the circulation reserves. The capillary bed must remain open and offer no resistance to blood flow. In this way regular exercise contributes to normal blood pressure.
A third aspect relating to control of blood pressure involves an adequate diet, especially in respect to two minerals, potassium and magnesium. A diet that contains adequate amounts of these two minerals will help in maintaining normal blood pressure.
Dyspeptic pain (gastritis, duodenitis, heartburn, colitis) – The lining of the stomach, called the mucosal layer, contains glands that secrete acid, digestive enzymes and mucous. The mucous is secreted to protect the stomach lining from the action of the acid and digestive enzymes. The mucous consists of 98% water and 2% “scaffolding” substances that trap the water. In this mucous layer a natural buffer state is established. The cells below it also secrete sodium bicarbonate that is trapped in the mucous layer. As the acid in the stomach tries to go through this layer, it is neutralized by the bicarbonate. The result of this reaction is the production of sodium chloride from the hydrochloric acid and the sodium bicarbonate. Too much salt alters the water-holding properties of the scaffolding material of the mucous, making it less sticky and less homogeneous. This allows the acid to get through to the mucosal layer, causing pain and, eventually, an ulcer.
Experiments have shown that when a person drinks a glass of water it immediately passes into the intestine and is absorbed. However, within one-half hour, almost the same amount of water is secreted into the stomach through the mucosa. The act of digestion of solid food requires copious amounts of water. The acid is poured onto the food, enzymes are activated and the food is broken down into a fluid state that can pass into the intestine for the next phase of digestion.
One result of the resecretion of water through the mucosal layer is washing excess salt out of the mucous layer. The mucous layer is thus rehydrated and made thick and sticky again. The efficiency of this shield depends upon a regular intake of water, particularly before eating a meal of solid food, which would stimulate the production of acid. The only natural protection from acid in the stomach is water, from the base upward.
A good program to follow to obtain the necessary amount of water for digestion and for the body needs is to take one to two 8 oz. glasses (250-500 ml) of water one-half to one hour before meals and again at least two hours after meals to allow time for digestion. Additional water can be taken to provide what is needed by the body (8-10 glasses or 2000-2500 ml). Water should not be taken with meals because it dilutes the digestive juices and slows down the process of digestion. If adequate water is consumed between meals, the need for drinking liquids with the meal will not be felt.
The secretion of acid in the stomach is regulated by histamine. The receptors in these cells are called histamine type 2 receptors, usually abbreviated as H2 receptors. The standard treatment for dyspeptic pain is the administration of antacids and medications such as Tagamet or Axid that block the action of histamine on these receptors. They are known as H2 receptor antagonists. These can cause many unwanted side effects. In the first place, acid in the stomach is needed for digestion of protein. It should not be neutralized or blocked. Also, most antacids contain aluminum, which has been implicated as a factor in Alzheimer’s disease, which causes a degeneration of the brain. It usually occurs in the elderly, but is not limited to them. H2 receptor antagonists block not only acid in the stomach, but affect other histamine receptors throughout the body. These medications can help relieve the pain, but do nothing to relieve the condition. If the condition progresses to the development of ulcers, surgical removal of part of the stomach may result, leaving the person permanently handicapped for the rest of his life. The pain of gastritis, duodenitis, heartburn and colitis should be recognized for what it is, a symptom of dehydration, and treated with an increase in water intake. This will prevent the development of complications. If ulcers develop, increased water plus an adequate diet will result in healing. Some other causes of pain in the stomach and abdomen include the following:
1) Alcohol – Alcohol is a poison and can kill cells which it contacts. It also causes dehydration. Alcohol can cause the development of gastritis (inflammation of the stomach), hepatitis (inflammation of the liver) and pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas). These conditions can be very painful.
2) Heavy use of irritating spices.
3) Wrong combinations of food at a meal – Some people are able to eat anything with no problems, while others have to be very careful in what they eat.
4) Cancer of the stomach can cause pain.
Any stomach pain not relieved by water, that continues for more than just a few hours, should be checked out by a medical specialist.
I have covered these four conditions, asthma, allergies, hypertension and dyspepsia in some detail so you can see how the actual cause is, in many cases, a lack of adequate water in the body. There is not space enough to cover all ailments in such detail, but I will mention a couple others briefly.
Chronic pains in the body – Chronic pains in the body that can’t be easily explained as due to injury or infection should first be interpreted as signals of water shortage. They should be treated with water first before taking other medications. The reason is this: histamine and certain other associated water distribution regulators, such as prostaglandins and kinins, can cause pain when they come in contact with pain-sensing nerves. These pains include the ones already discussed as well as rheumatoid arthritis; back pain; headaches, including migraine headaches and headaches due to indulgence in alcohol; leg pain on walking, called intermittent claudication pain; and anginal pain. It is all too easy to regard these signs of dehydration as complications of a disease process and begin to treat them with complicated procedures and medications. The first thing that should be tried in all these situations is an increase in daily water intake.
Elevated blood cholesterol – It may seem strange to associate this symptom with dehydration, but this is how it works: Cholesterol is used by the cells as a defense against the osmotic pressure of the blood that draws water out through the cell membrane. The cell needs a certain amount of water to maintain its normal functions. Cholesterol deposited in the cell membrane makes it less permeable to the passage of water. There are receptors in cell walls which are activated by a hormone called vasopressin which can filter water into the cell. Vasopressin also narrows blood vessels, raising blood pressure, and producing increased pressure to push water into the cells. So we see that elevated cholesterol levels are a result of the body trying to maintain normal cellular functions in the presence of dehydration.
From this brief study we can see that many symptoms that are regarded as diseases are actually symptoms of dehydration, which should be treated by an increase in daily water intake. If the symptoms are treated with medications, the real cause goes untreated and permanent, irreversible damage can occur. We all want good health. Why don’t we try the simple remedies God has freely provided for us. One of these is pure water, wisely used.这是我一家人’非常喜欢的夏季沙拉。我们将它作为水果沙拉和面包或松饼的主菜，但也可以作为配菜。我通常会自己做意大利调味料，所以可以加些油，但您可以只使用瓶子中的那种。当我们有花园新鲜的西红柿时，这些东西真的很棒。好吃！
意大利通心粉沙拉
2-3根胡萝卜，去皮切丁
3葱切成薄片
2-3根芹菜切成薄片
2个西红柿，切成丁
1＃西兰花，切碎
1罐橄榄，切成薄片
2汤匙磨碎 巴马干酪 起司
意大利酱
盐& Pepper to taste
在盐水中煮意大利面。用冷水冲洗冷却。搅拌蔬菜，橄榄和 巴马干酪 起司。加入意大利调味料，盐和胡椒粉调味。
笔记：
-您可以添加家人喜欢的任何蔬菜。如果我们有红色或黄色的胡椒粉，我喜欢添加。
-我还看过这种沙拉配火腿，香肠，意大利辣香肠或奶酪块。它确实是多功能的，请尝试一下！
您是否正在为4做好准备日 七月？我们的小镇在实际假期前的一周举行庆祝活动，因此我们将在本周末进行庆祝活动。今晚是游行，明天是消防员’的早餐和狂欢节。我的男孩们每年都期待着这是一个有趣的传统。
下周我将发布许多有趣的独立日食谱，因此请确保您经常回来查看。我喜欢假期做饭，非常有趣！Beyaz Saray basın sekreteri Karine Jean-Pierre Çarşamba günkü günlük brifingini izleyin.
Bu haftanın başlarında, rahatsız edici bir gazeteci, Bayan Jean-Pierre’i basın brifingini raydan çıkarma gerekçesini açıklayarak ve Pazartesi günü filmin oyuncu kadrosunun önünde onu azarlayarak, onu görmezden gelmekle suçladı. Ted Kement.
Today News Africa muhabiri Simon Ateba, soru sormak için yedi aydır beklediğini iddia ediyor.
“Geçtiğimiz yedi ayda, tüm doğru şeyleri yaptım. Tucker Carlson ile yaptığı röportajda Bay Ateba, çağrılmadı, bir görüşme yapmak için ofisine gittim” dedi.
“Ben Siyahım, Afrikalıyım, param yok, beni küçümsüyorlar. Bende onların sahip olduğu imkanlar yok. Ve bana aynı şekilde davranmıyorlar. İşimi yapmam gerekiyor” diye ekledi.
Bültenlerimize kaydolmak için buraya tıklayın.Değerli Meslektaşlarımız,
2021 yılı Göç İdaresi Genel Müdürlüğü ile anlaşma yapmak için talepte bulunan meslektaşlarımızın sözleşmeleri odamıza gelmiş olup, 50 TL ücreti vardır.
Sözleşmeler odamızdan topluca İl Göç İdaresi Müdürlüğü'ne teslim edileceğinden, 24 Şubat 2021 Çarşamba günü mesai bitimine kadar eczacılarımızın bizzat kendisinin odamızda sözleşmeyi doldurup, tarafımıza teslim etmesi hususunda gereğini rica ederiz.
9.Bölge Eskişehir Eczacı Odası
Yönetim KuruluFor the first time since Pluto's discovery 66 years ago, astronomers have at last directly seen details on the surface of the solar system's farthest known planet. These details were seen in clear pictures, taken with the European Space Agency's Faint Object Camera (FOC) aboard NASA's Hubble Space Telescope.
Hubble's snapshots of nearly the entire surface of Pluto, taken as the planet rotated through a 6.4-day period, show that Pluto is a complex object, with more large-scale contrast than any planet, except Earth.
The images also reveal almost a dozen distinctive albedo features, or provinces, none of which have ever been seen before. They include a "ragged" northern polar cap bisected by a dark strip, a bright spot seen rotating with the planet, a cluster of dark spots, and a bright linear marking that is intriguing the scientific team analyzing the images. The images confirm the presence of icy-bright polar cap features, which had been inferred from indirect evidence for surface markings in the 1980s.
This historic new look at Pluto helps pave the way for a proposed Pluto flyby mission early in the next century. Pluto is the only solar system planet not yet visited by a spacecraft.
"Hubble is providing the first, tantalizing glimpse of what Pluto will be like when we get there," said Dr. Alan Stern of Southwest Research Institute's Boulder, Colorado research office. Dr. Stern led the team who used Hubble to obtain the most detailed view yet of Pluto. The Pluto imaging team also includes Dr. Marc Buie of Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona, and Dr. Laurence Trafton of the University of Texas in Austin, Texas. This team of planetary scientists used the FOC aboard the Hubble to obtain over a dozen high-quality visible and ultraviolet images of Pluto in mid-1994. These images have now been carefully reduced and analyzed.
"These results and the maps we constructed from them are much better than I ever hoped for," said Dr. Buie. "It's fantastic. Hubble has brought Pluto from a fuzzy, distant dot of light, to a world which we can begin to map, and watch for surface changes. Hubble's view of tiny, distant Pluto is reminiscent of looking at Mars through a small telescope," said Stern.
Some of the sharp variations across Pluto's surface detected in the Hubble images may potentially be caused by such topographic features as basins and fresh impact craters (as found on Earth's Moon). However, most of the surface features unveiled by Hubble are likely produced by the complex distribution of frosts that migrate across Pluto's surface with its orbital and seasonal cycles. Pluto is so far from the Sun that even nitrogen, carbon monoxide, and methane gases partially freeze onto its surface during the long period (about 100 years) when it is farthest from the Sun.
The Hubble images reveal much more surface variety on Pluto than on other icy objects in the outer solar system, including Pluto's oft-cited twin, Neptune's large moon Triton. According to Dr. Trafton, "...the HST images are confirming Pluto's individuality. It isn't a twin of Triton after all."
During the short, warm season around Pluto's closest approach to the Sun, these ices sublimate (go directly back to a gas), thickening Pluto's atmosphere. "The light areas are as bright as fresh Colorado snow, and the darker areas are more reminiscent of the brightness of a dirty snow," said Stern. The darkest regions likely result from hydrocarbon "residues" from the effects of ultraviolet sunlight and cosmic rays on Pluto's complex chemical melange of surface ices.
Pluto is two-thirds the size of Earth's Moon, and 1,200 times farther away. Pluto's apparent size in the sky is so small (0.1 arcseconds, which equals 1/36,000th of a degree), that 18,000 Plutos would need to be lined up to match the diameter of the full Moon. This puts Pluto's surface below the resolution limit of the largest ground-based telescopes; as a result it has been impossible to directly see any significant detail on Pluto before these Hubble observations.
Viewing such a
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word choice is through practice.
But sometimes, it’s helpful to rely on a thesaurus. Like here:
‘I furiously ran out the house.’
‘I stormed out the house.’
Here’s when you should use a thesaurus:
In the above example we used the adverb ‘furiously’ in conjunction with the verb ‘ran.’
If you see yourself using an adverb + verb, 95% of the time, there’s a better, more condensed verb that can replace both words.
In this case it was ‘stormed.’
To find adverbs quickly, do CTRL + F and search for “ly ” (with the space at the end). Words like happily, angrily, beautifully.
Replace all adverb + verb combinations with a stronger verb.
The same rule applies to adjectives.
“Private thoughts” can be replaced by “secrets.”
“Wooden door” can be replaced by “door.”
Sometimes adjectives are used unnecessarily. If they are used to describe the obvious, they should be cut.
Pay extra attention to the word ‘very’ which could be used as both an adjective and adverb. Either delete it or find a better word.
Your writing will come to life if you become more specific with your words.
A book can be a novel, tome, dictionary or thesaurus.
A car can be a Toyota, Suzuki, Honda or Porsche.
See the difference:
I saw a car run over a dog today.
I saw a Porsche run over a Poodle today.Faenza e un po’ di-mondi. Le buone cose di storico gusto della Biblioteca Manfrediana
Faenza e un po’ di-mondi. Le buone cose di storico gusto della Biblioteca Manfrediana
Il 1944 fu un anno terribile per la nostra città, devastata dai bombardamenti delle fortezze volanti anglo americane che si conclusero soltanto con l’ingresso delle truppe alleate in dicembre. Ci furono moltissimi morti e spaventose distruzioni.
Le bombe colpirono anche il cuore della nostra biblioteca, proprio nell’attuale Aula Magna, dove era depositata la gran parte di quei libri che avevano costituito la dotazione originaria.
Molto andò perso, ma moltissimo fu salvato anche grazie all’abnegazione del direttore Piero Zama, il quale, nella storia del nostro istituto, brilla come la Regina Vittoria nella storia dell’impero britannico: entrambi governarono per più di quarant’anni.
La vita riprese dopo il gelo della guerra e la biblioteca rifiorì.
Gli americani tentarono di riparare, almeno in parte, ai danni delle loro bombe.
Istituzioni culturali e città di oltre oceano si diedero da fare per aiutare le nostre biblioteche a riprendersi.
La nostra “madrina di guerra” fu Portland (Oregon) che ci donò una grande quantità di volumi, naturalmente in inglese, raccattati un po’ qua e un po’ là: un’incredibile miscela di cose strane, inutili, interessanti o addirittura splendide: sono raccolte tutte in un magazzino-scrigno in cui è anche murata una lapide riconoscente, se venite ve lo mostriamo.معاون وزیر نیرو از ارائه پیشنهاد وزارت نیرو به دولت برای محاسبه تعرفه برق استخراج کنندگان بیت کوین با تعرفه نرخ صادراتی خبر داد و گفت: تعرفه برق پرمصرف ها در سال جاری ثابت است اما در سال های آتی قصد داریم تعرفه ها را شناور کنیم.
به گزارش پایگاه اطلاع رسانی نیرو نیوز، همایون حائری در پاسخ به این سؤال که آیا وزارت نیرو برنامه ای برای برخورد و شناسایی مشترکانی که از برق ارزان و یارانه ای کشور برای استخراج بیت کوین استفاده می کنند دارد یا خیر، گفت: وزارت نیرو پیشنهادی به دولت ارائه داده است که افرادی که قصد وارد کردن دستگاه های دست دوم به کشور برای استخراج بیت کوین را دارند شناسایی شوند و تعرفه برق آنها با نرخ های مناسبی مثل نرخ برق صادراتی محاسبه شود.
* تعرفه برق صادراتی برای استخراج بیت کوین
وی افزود: وزارت نیرو به دولت پیشنهادی داده که با تعیین نرخ های مناسبی به این موضوع ورود کنیم. یکی از کارهایی که وزارت نیرو می تواند انجام دهد این است که فعلا تعرفه برق صادراتی را برای این مشترکان مصوب و سپس برای آنها اعمال کند.
معاون وزیر نیرو در پاسخ به این سؤال که چرا وزارت نیرو به تازگی بعد از یک سال به فکر شناسایی این مشترکان و ایجاد تعرفه برق صادراتی افتاده است، گفت: از سال گذشته این موارد مطرح بود و در سال جاری استخراج کنندگان بیت کوین افزایش پیدا کرد. بنابراین وزارت نیرو پیشنهاد خود را به دولت ارائه کرد و اتفاقا چندین بار در کمیسیون اقتصادی دولت روی آن بحث و تبادل نظر شد.
* مصرف برق برای استخراج بیت کوین به ۲ هزار مگاوات خواهد رسید
حائری خاطرنشان کرد: برای هر رمز بیت کوئین 72 هزار کیلووات ساعت برق مصرف می شود و اگر این رشد مصرف ادامه پیدا کند با این شرایط سخت برای ایجاد ظرفیت جدید نیروگاهی ما ناگزیر هستیم که به سمت ایجاد تعرفه صادراتی برق برای استخراج کنندگان بیت کوین حرکت کنیم.
وی در پاسخ به این سؤال که در حال حاضر آیا مشخص است که چقدر برق توسط این مشترکان استفاده می شود، گفت: نمی توان آمار دقیقی از این وضعیت ارائه کرد اما اگر این روند ادامه یابد مصرف برق استخراج کنندگان بیت کوئین به 2 هزار مگاوات خواهد رسید.
استخراج بیت کوین در گاوداری ها، مدارس و مساجد
معاون وزیر نیرو با تاکید بر اینکه به هر حال برق در ایران بسیار ارزان است و سرمایه گذاران بیت کوین ایران را بهترین مکان برای فعالیت خود می دانند، ادامه داد: اگر کنترل و نظارت برای این مصرف کنندگان نباشد مصرف برق این سرمایه گذاران که اتفاقا در برخی گاوداری ها، مساجد و یا حتی مدارس فعالیت می کنند به 2500 مگاوات می رسد.
* تعرفه برق مشترکان پرمصرف در سال های آتی شناور می شود
حائری در پاسخ به سؤال با توجه به اینکه امسال سال نخست افزایش تعرفه برق مشترکان پرمصرف است، برنامه وزارت نیرو برای تعرفه برق پرمصرف ها در سال های آتی چیست، گفت: تلاش وزارت نیرو این بود که امسال با هدف مدیریت صنعت تعرفه برق مشترکان پرمصرف را 16 درصد افزایش دهد بنابراین ما باید منتظر بمانیم ببینیم که جواب چه خواهد شد و چقدر می توانیم گروه های پرمصرف را به خوش مصرف ها تبدیل کنیم.
وی ادامه داد: باید به مرور قیمت برق مشترکان پرمصرف را افزایش دهیم. به هر حال این 16 درصد برای تغییر تفکرات نیاز بود. بنابراین شناور شدن تعرفه ها موضوع تکمیلی این برنامه است تا هر مشترک پر مصرفی در هر پله ای با توجه به رشد مصرف تعرفه آنها نیز پله ای رشد کند.
* میزان واردات و صادرات برق
معاون وزیر نیرو در پاسخ به سؤال میزان واردات برق در حال حاضر چقدر است و چه میزان برق صادر می شود، گفت: در حال حاضر به دلیل قوی بودن شبکه صنعت برق ایران کشورهای همسایه شبکه برق ایران را با کیفیت می بینند بنابراین در حال حاضر میزان واردات 350 مگاوات و میزان صادرات 1200 مگاوات است.
حائری با اشاره به اینکه امسال نیز در تلاش هستیم مدیریت مصرف برق را اجرایی کنیم، گفت: رشد مصرف برق به طور میانگین 5 درصد بود که در سال گذشته ما با اعمال برنامه های مدیریت مصرف این رشد مصرف به 2.9 درصد رسید و در تلاشیم امسال نیز این رشد را به 2.5 درصد برسانیم.
* صرفه جویی ۱۰ درصدی کاهش ۲۰ درصدی هزینه ها را در پی دارد
وی با بیان اینکه افزایش تعرفه برق مشترکان کم مصرف از ابتدای اردیبهشت ماه 7 درصد و مشترکان پرمصرف از اول خرداد ماه 16 درصد افزایش می یابد، گفت: مشترکانی که 10 درصد صرفه جویی کنند می توانند 20 درصد هزینه قبل و بعد خود را کاهش دهند.
به گفته معاون وزیر نیرو الگوی مصرف برق در حال حاضر 300 کیلو وات ساعت است که به طور میانگین 90 درصد مشترکان کشور زیر این الگو هستند و تنها 10 درصد مشترکان پرمصرف هستند که باید با رعایت مدیریت مصرف خود را به زیر این الگوی مصرف برسانند.
* تغییر ساعت اداری امسال هم اجرا خواهد شد
حائری ادامه داد: امسال نیز تغییر ساعت اداری اجرا خواهد شد. هر چند سال گذشته از این برنامه توانستیم 2 هزار مگاوات صرفه جویی انجام دهیم.
وی گفت: امسال این برنامه بر عهده استانداران و ارتباطی که استانداران با مسئولان برق منطقه و شرکت های توزیع خواهند داشت نظارت خوبی بر روی مصارف سرمایشی و روشنایی ادارات پس از تعطیلی ادارات انجام خواهد شد.
معاون وزیر نیرو با بیان اینکه برنامه ریزی کرده ایم امسال 5 هزار مگاوات جدید احداث کنیم گفت: تا الان 2500 مگاوات ظرفیت جدید نیروگاهی ایجاد شده اند و تلاش خواهیم کرد تا پایان امسال به 4 هزار مگاوات ظرفیت ایجاد شده برسیم.
* پرداخت تعهدات برقی عراق با یورو و دینار در حال انجام است
حائری در خصوص پرداخت بدهی عراق بابت خرید برق از ایران گفت: عراق تعهدات خود برای پرداخت پول برق تا 50 درصد به میزان بدهی را پرداخت کرده است که این پرداخت ها از طریق ارز یورو و دینار در حال انجام است.
به گفته وی امسال برای اجرای طرح فهام کلیه مشترکان دیماندی (پرمصرف ها) که حدود 400 هزار تا 450 هزار مشترک هستند طرح فهام برای آنها اجرا و مصرف آنها رؤیت پذیر خواهد شد.
فارسSevgisini ve değerini bir gün değil bir ömür anlatsak bile yetmeyecek anneler için yılda bir kez sembolik olarak Anneler Günü kutlanıyor. Eski çağlarda birçok tanrının annesi olarak görülen Rhea için düzenlenen kutlamalar ilk Anneler Günü olarak kabul ediliyor. Modern çağda ise 1908 yılında ABD'de annelere yönelik anma etkinliği düzenlendi. İşte detaylar...
Tarihi yüzlerce yıl öncesine dayanan Anneler Günü, dünya çapında her yıl çeşitli etkinliklerle kutlanıyor. En değerli varlıklarımız olan annelerimizi onurlandırmak ve mutlu etmek için organize edilen Anneler Günü dünya genelinde farklı tarihlerde kutlanıyor. Ülkemizdeyse bu özel gün her yıl mayıs ayının ikinci pazar günü olarak belirlenmiş durumda.
ANNELER GÜNÜ NASIL ORTAYA ÇIKTI?
Anneler Günü'nün ilk ne zaman kutlanmaya başladığına göre çeşitli rivayetler bulunuyor. Bu söylentilerden biri, Anneler Günü'nün Yunan Mitolojisi'ne kadar dayandığıdır. Anlatılanlara göre, birçok tanrının annesi olarak görülen Rhea, türlü kutlamalarla onurlandırılıyordu. Bu kutlamalar ise çoğunlukla ilkbahar aylarında yapılıyordu. Antik Roma'da ise insanlar bereket tanrıçası Kibele için çeşitli kutlamalar düzenliyordu.
Anneler Günü ile ilgili en fazla kabul gören görüş ise, bu anlamlı günün ilk olarak 1914 senesinde ABD'de kutlandığıdır. Bu tarihin ilk olarak kabul edilmesindeki en büyük etken, Anna Jarvis adlı bir kadının annesine karşı duyduğu büyük sevgi ve özlemdir.
ANNELER GÜNÜ İLK NE ZAMAN KUTLANDI?
ABD'nin Virginia eyaletinde öğretmen olarak çalışan Anna Jarvis, 1905 yılında annesini kaybetti. Annesine çok düşkün olan kadın, her yıl annesini anmak için çeşitli etkinlikler düzenleme talebinde bulundu. İlk etkinliği 1908 yılında kendi okulunda 407 öğrenci ile birlikte gerçekleştirdi.
Ancak Anna Jarvis'in bu hareketi kimi milletvekilleri tarafından uygun bulunmadı ve anayasaya ters düştüğü iddia edildi. Milletvekillerinin bu tavrına karşı hukuk savaşı veren Anna Jarvis, nihayetinde 1914 yılında Anneler Günü'nün ABD genelinde resmi olarak kabul edilmesini sağladı. Ardından dünya çapına yayılan bu akım ile Anneler Günü kutlanmaya başlandı.
TÜRKİYE'DE ANNELER GÜNÜ TARİHÇESİ
Türk Kadınlar Birliğinin girişimleri ile 5 Mayıs 1955 tarihinde Türkiye'de her yılın mayıs ayının ikinci pazar günü Anneler Günü'nün kutlanmasına karar verildi. 93 Harbi'nin kadın kahramanlarından 98 yaşındaki Erzurumlu Nene Hatun, 'Yılın Annesi' seçildi.Although various literary traditions supplied inspiration and continued support to Proto SF, it was the perception of the power which the new Machines of the Industrial Revolution had to transform the world which gave birth to sf itself, inspiring Jules Verne's imaginary voyages, George Griffith's Future-War stories, H G Wells's Scientific Romances, the hi-tech Utopian fantasies of Edward Bellamy and others, and the mechanized Dystopian nightmares which dissented from them. The demands of melodrama have always ensured that, even in those specialist magazines whose editors were outspoken champions of technological advancement – most notably Hugo Gernsback and John W Campbell Jr – most stories were about dangerous products or about technology running out of control. Many particular aspects of general technological progress require individual treatment as themes in sf: these include Automation, Bionics, Cities, Computers, Cryonics, Cyborgs, Genetic Engineering, Invention, Nuclear Energy, Power Sources, Robots, Rockets, Spaceships, Starships, Transportation and Weapons.
The attitude of sf to technology has always been deeply ambivalent (see Optimism and Pessimism). The eighteenth-century idea that moral progress and technological progress were inseparably bound together has never been universally accepted, and literary images of the future have always recognized doubts as to the essential goodness of technology, even when their purpose has been to argue that technological progress is the principal facilitator of moral progress. Genre-SF writers may take it for granted – it is a central ideological tenet of almost all Hard SF – but writers of futuristic fantasy outside the genre have always been more likely to take the position that moral, social and spiritual values essential to human happiness are actually placed in hazard by technological advancement. Leading genre-sf writers like Isaac Asimov and Arthur C Clarke have become enormously influential apologists for technological progress in an era when many voices are raised in outspoken criticism of the supposed "dehumanizing" effects of technology. More tellingly – as Jacques Ellul (1912-1994) suggests in La Technique (1954; trans John Wilkinson as The Technological Society 1964) – it is possible to argue the high cost to human consciousness of emphasizing means over ends, "technic" over understanding, in a world which is bound to the measurable and blind to the unique.
Sf is, of course, the natural medium of antitechnological fantasies as well as of serious extrapolations of technological possibility. There is a good deal of Pastoral sf which glorifies a nostalgically romanticized quasi-medieval way of life, often with Psi-Power-jargonized Magic thrown in to help with the chores. Such imagery bears no relation whatsoever to the brutal reality of actual medieval existence, but its phenomenal psychological power is even more elaborately reflected in modern genre Fantasy; and stories of Life on Other Worlds and the depiction of Alien societies frequently deal in similar imagery. No doubt the appeal of low-tech societies to sf writers has much to do with the fact that the strategic elimination of known technology is easier by far to accomplish than elaborate technological innovation, but there is clearly also some powerful force at work endowing such visions with a special glamour. E M Forster's question – posed in reaction to Wells's technological utopianism – about what happens when "The Machine Stops" (November 1909 Oxford and Cambridge Review) is by no means purely practical; he and many others who followed in his footsteps were arguing – as Aldous did Huxley in Brave New World (1932) – that the "Machine" will rot our minds down to intellectual compost. It is worth noting, however, that in pastoral writings within genre sf, rather than from outside it, the joy and triumph of technological rediscovery and redevelopment provide a frequent theme – one particularly prevalent in tales of the Holocaust and subsequent Post-Holocaust life.
If genre sf needs a defence, it is quite simply that technological progress has allowed us to become in almost every way healthier, wealthier and in some senses wiser, and may well continue to perform that role. If Gernsback's advocacy of that case was naive and Campbell's eccentric, the writers for whom they created a home were sufficiently various, intelligent and heterodox to make sure the question was examined in all kinds of ingenious ways. The wide-eyed optimism of Gernsback's own Ralph 124C 41+ (April 1911-March 1912 Modern Electrics; fixup 1925) and the curiously convoluted explorations of Campbell's "Don A Stuart" stories were soon supplemented by David H Keller's fabular cautionary tales, Robert A Heinlein's celebration of all-purpose problem-solving aptitudes and Asimov's die-hard championship of technical improvisation as the favourite offspring of maternal necessity. Even if the conventions of melodrama demanded that things must go wrong in story after story, true sf writers always put the blame on the greed and vainglory of rogues, politicians, military men or business tycoons, never on the march of progress itself. Criminal Scientists or Mad Scientists were often required as Villains, but scientists figured more prominently in genre sf as Heroes – or, at least, as key supporting players whose endeavours enabled Everyman heroes to succeed. It was perhaps unfortunate that Campbell developed in "Forgetfulness" (June 1937 Astounding) as by Don A Stuart – and was ever after willing to play host to – the notion that human society might one day "transcend" technology by developing powers of the mind which would obviate its necessity. And genre sf has also generated its own perverse brand of technological scepticism, enshrined in images of technology literally moving beyond human control by establishing its own independent processes of Evolution, an idea first broached satirically in Samuel Butler's Erewhon (1872) but given a new edge by genre stories of self-replicating machines which – as, for instance, in some of Gregory Benford's recent works – may become involved in an ultimate and universal struggle for
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and only 23 declared their use.
2015: In December a study in the journal Drug Testing and Analysis argued that meldonium “demonstrates an increase in endurance performance of athletes, improved rehabilitation after exercise, protection against stress, and enhanced activations of central nervous system functions.” However, the study itself presents no evidence for this claim, and goes on to talk about two approaches to confidently identify meldonium.
2016: January 1st WADA added meldonium to their list of banned substances because of “evidence of its use by athletes with intention of enhancing performance.” They class meldonium as a metabolic modulator.
2016: On March 7th the former number-one tennis player, Maria Sharapova, brought the drug into the spotlight by testing positive for the substance. She contested that she had been taking meldonium for over ten years to treat an on-going medical issue.
2016: On the same day (March 7th) Russian ice dancer Ekaterina Bobrova announced that she too had tested positive for meldonium at the 2016 European Figure Skating Championships. She said she was shocked because she didn’t believe she had taken the substance.
2016: On April 13th WADA decided to overturn the bans of athletes who tested positive for this drug before March 1st, 2016, because they had no reliable data to know how long it took for meldonium to exit the system, and preliminary tests showed that it could take weeks or months for the drug to leave the body fully.
2016: In May professional Russian Boxer Alexander Povetkin (former two-time World Boxing Association Heavyweight Champion) tested positive for the substance. An upcoming title match was postponed indefinitely.
2016: On June 8th Sharapova was suspended for two years.
2018: Alexander Krushelnitsky won medals in curling for Russia at the Pyongyang Winter Olympics and was the subject of widespread doping allegations. The Olympic committee stripped him of his medals and banned him for two years.
Currently: It is still currently banned by WADA.
1.Meldonium has licenses throughout Eastern Europe and Central Asia for a number of health conditions but is not currently licensed for use in the United States in humans.
2.Meldonium has a patent in the US, Germany, France and the UK which allows it for use in animals. This document state that Meldonium allegedly is used for growth increase in livestock. Although there haven’t been any reports of someone actually doing it.
3.In 2010 A study found that meldonium increased the sexual behaviour and semen quality in boars. Study also finds that Meldonium does increase activity of spermatozoons in oar semen.
4.Where licenced, it is mainly used to treat heart conditions because it helps increase the body’s ability to carry oxygen, according to one of the drug’s designers, Ivar Kalvins. In many parts of Asia it is also used to treat circulation problems in the brain, such as stroke.
5.Meldonium is still banned by WADA for use in sports at least until year 2020, and the ban has caught out many athletes since the ban was introduced in 2016.
6.Sales of the drug reached 56 million euros in 2013 and is one of Latvia’s biggest medical exports. Surprisingly, sales soared in Russia in the month after Sharapova’s ban, doubling the sale of over-the-counter sales.
7.From 1979 – 1989 Large quantities of the drug was shipped to Soviet troops in Afghanistan to help increase their endurance in high altitudes. This fact raised suspicions that Meldonium was actually researched and designed for military use not for livestock.
8. A 2005 study found that when meldonium was used in combination with lisinopril (an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor) people saw improved exercise capability in those with heart conditions. And a following Chinese study in 2013 found that meldonium is also is efftrective in treating stroke victims.
9.In 2013 Revenue for the drug Mildronate® reached 56 million euros and is one of the biggest medical exports for Latvia. This is not counting other brands names. As Latvian manufactured Meldonium by Olainpharm and few others who manufacture it in Russia.
10.In countries where it is sold , it is available over the counter and significant amount of population have used it for shorter or longer time periods. The main over the counter use cases are coping with stress, recovering from stressful life periods and mildly increasing energy levels.
Meldonium is a fatty acid oxidation inhibitor, and it works by altering pathways for carnitine, which is a nutrient involved in fat metabolism. This drug is said to expand the arteries and increase blood flow (and thus oxygen exchange efficiency is increased).
In countries where it holds licences, it is mainly used to treat cardiac conditions like angina, cardiac arrest, and heart failure.
WADA classes it as a metabolic modulator (as it does insulin), and they define this class as substances that can modify how some hormones accelerate or slow different enzymatic reactions in the body. These modulators can block the body’s conversion of testosterone into oestrogen. They have been banned since 2001 for men’s competition and 2005 for women’s.
Some of the controversy surrounding meldonium is due to lack of knowledge about the drug. Many countries are still uncertain of its effects. This mainly is beacause the research and approvement of such medicines in new countries takes a lot of time and resources. The company behind Mildronate is pushing for these licenses in several regions where they feel that it will be woth while.
Altough Mildronate is known to be a substance with few side effects, there are side effects which are seen in some users. According to official leaf let of Mildronate these are some of the common side effects:
Common (may affect more than 1 in 10 patients):
Rare (may affect less than 1 in 1 000 patients):
Studies are yet to report any serious side effects, the long term effects are a different question. Mildronate is not ment to be used for years in a row, the usual course of usage is 1-2 months and then it is recommended to stop. On other hand in countries where it is sold, it has been around for almost 50 years now.
The manufacturer, Grindeks, does not believe meldonium’s use should be banned for athletes, though the drug mainly reduces damage to cells that are caused by by-products of carnitine. They said it could not improve athletic performance, but that it can stop tissue damage where there is a lack of blood flow to a certain area of the body.
The views in scientific community differs , anaesthesiologist professor Michael Joyner at the Mayo Clinic, who studies how humans respond to physical and mental stress during exercise and other activities, told Forbes “evidence is lacking for many compounds believed to enhance athletic performance. Its use has a sort of urban legend element and there is not much out there that is clearly that effective. I would be shocked if this stuff had an effect greater than caffeine or creatine .”
So, although WADA has banned the substance, scientist yet to have provide solid proof about performance enhancing properties of Meldonium. Many believe that Meldonium was banned too soon and immaturely.There is little to no evidence that meldonium has any performing enhancing effects beyond those of allowed substances, like caffeine and creatine. And this, my dear readers, is the biggest controversy in all of the Mildronate story.
1.Meldonium use by athletes at the Baku 2015 European Games ,Mark Stuart, Christian Schneider, Klaus Steinbach. https://bjsm.bmj.com/content/50/11/694?int_source=trendmd&int_medium=trendmd&int_campaign=trendmd
2.Mildronate (Meldonium) in professional sports – monitoring doping control urine samples using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography – high resolution/high accuracy mass spectrometryn Christian Görgens, Sven Guddat, Josef Dib, Hans Geyer, Wilhelm Schänzer, Mario Thevis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5066279/
4.INFLUENCE OF PREPARATION MILDRONAT ON SEXUAL BEHAVIOR AND SEMEN QUALITY OF BOARS Vita Antāne , Ilmārs Stonāns , Jāzeps Rimeicāns , Māra Mangale , Zigmunds Brūveris , Alberts Auzāns , Aleksandrs Mednis , Ivars Lūsis http://llufb.llu.lv/conference/animal-health-food/2010/Latvia-Animal-health-foodhygiene-2010-5-11.pdf
5. Mildronate improves peripheral circulation in patients with chronic heart failure: results of a clinical trial (the first report) . Vilnis Dzerve, Dace Matisone, Indulis Kukulis, Janina Romanova https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228637069_Mildronate_improves_peripheral_circulation_in_patients_with_chronic_heart_failure_results_of_a_clinical_trial_the_first_report
6. Efficacy and safety of mildronate for acute ischemic stroke: a randomized, double-blind, active-controlled phase II multicenter trial. Zhu Y, Zhang G, Zhao J, Li D, Yan X, Liu J, Liu X, Zhao H, Xia J, Zhang X, Li Z, Zhang B, Guo Z, Feng L, Zhang Z, Qu F, Zhao G https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23949899Pietro Nenni, in full Pietro Sandro Nenni (born February 9, 1891, Faenza, Italy—died January 1, 1980, Rome), journalist and politician who was leader of the Italian Socialist Party (PSI), twice foreign minister, and several times vice-premier of Italy.
The son of a peasant, Nenni first became a journalist. When Italy invaded Libya in September 1911, Nenni organized a strike against the campaign. He was jailed for his activities and met Benito Mussolini in prison. He joined the PSI in 1921. In 1922, when Mussolini came to power, Nenni, an ardent antifascist, attacked him in the newspaper Avanti, of which he was chief editor. In 1925 he was arrested for publishing a booklet on the Fascists’ murder of Socialist leader Giacomo Matteotti, and in the following year, after the suppression of Avanti, he fled to Paris. During the Spanish Civil War, Nenni was cofounder and political commissar of the Garibaldi Brigade. In 1940 he was arrested in Vichy France by the German Gestapo, taken back to Italy in 1943, and interned on the island of Ponza by Mussolini. In August of the same year, he was released by order of Marshal Pietro Badoglio. Nenni was then elected secretary-general of the PSI and in 1945 became vice-premier in the government of Feruccio Parri. Elected to the Constituent Assembly in 1946, he became vice-premier again in Christian Democrat Alcide De Gasperi’s coalition government. In 1946 Nenni was named foreign minister, but in January 1947 the PSI split and Nenni, heading the party’s left wing, made an alliance with the Communists. For almost a decade the alliance opposed Christian Democrat governments.
Nenni broke with the Communists after the Soviet invasion of Hungary in 1956. In 1963 he finally brought the PSI back into a full-fledged coalition with the Christian Democrats under Aldo Moro. He served as foreign minister in 1968–69 and was vice-premier in three successive cabinets, but, when the centre-left alliance collapsed in 1969, Nenni resigned as head of the PSI. Nenni was made a senator for life in 1970.Expand a path name, for example by replacing a leading tilde by the user's home directory (if defined on that platform).
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For more information on customizing the embed code, read Embedding Snippets.[In Vietnam] [t]he two standout practices related to the content of the diet and the way food was administered. In every positive deviant family, the mother or father was collecting a number of tiny shrimp, crabs, or snails -- making for a portion 'the size of one joint of one finger' -- from the rice paddies and adding these to the child's diet. 'Although readily available and free for the taking, the conventional wisdom held these foods dangerous, for young children.'11 Families also varied the frequency and method of feeding. Other families fed young children only twice a day, before parents headed to the rice fields early in the morning and in the late afternoon after returning from a working day. Because these children had small stomachs, they could only eat a small amount of the available food at each sitting. The positive deviant families, however, instructed the home babysitter (an older sibling, a grandparent, or a neighbour) to feed the child regularly, four or even five times a day. Using exactly the same amount of rice, their children were getting twice the amount of calories as their neighbours who had access to exactly the same recourse. Other key factor included atypically high levels of hand hygiene in positive deviant families. p. 274
Jul 14, 2014
The experts on malnutrition
Based on studies and observations this book argues that a point of departure to reduce malnutrition is to determine who the experts are; and indicates that the mothers with well-nourished children living in poor conditions are the experts. We should then examine what they are doing differently. They are called positive deviant cases.Land of Fire and Ice
- Trek across glaciers and lava fields.
- Cruise through a glacial lagoon and swim in natural hot springs.
- Discuss climate change and biodiversity with Icelandic scientists.
- Explore black-sand beaches and ride colorful Icelandic horses.
Environmental scientist and writer Ford will join the Iceland expedition.
Choose one of these projects and delve further into your area of interest:
Itinerary 15 Days
Iceland is a nation of dramatic extremes, where geysers and steaming lava flows coexist with powerful waterfalls and vast calving glaciers. Located at the edge of the Arctic Circle, much of the country remains under ice. Yet it is also one of the most volcanically active countries on the planet. Take advantage of long days and bright nights to explore the stunning beauty and unforgettable natural wonders of this otherworldly landscape. Choose your On Assignment project — Photography, Climate & Geology, or Film & Video — and set out to discover one of the most dynamic physical environments on Earth.
Reykjavík and the Golden CircleDays 1-4. The program begins with a swim in Iceland's famous Blue Lagoon geothermal pool, followed by an orientation in Reykjavík, Europe's northernmost capital. Get essential background on the geology of this subarctic island nation, and learn the basics of climate change. Hike to the top of a nearby volcano and learn about Viking heritage at some of Reykjavík's cutting-edge historical museums. Head out to the Golden Circle and discover Gulfoss, a thundering waterfall that appears to vanish into the earth. Then continue to Geysir — the earliest geyser known to Europeans — where boiling water can rocket up to 210 feet in the air. Follow a guide through an ultramodern geothermal plant that provides much of Reykjavík's energy. Iceland is at the forefront of the sustainable power movement, with 70 percent of its energy renewable and much of that derived from its prodigious geothermal sources. Explore ancient lava flows to learn how volcanism continues to shape Iceland's dynamic landscape. Hike along the shores of Thingvallavatn, the country's largest lake, and learn about the geological forces that created the islands and canyons around this body of water. Summer days are very long this far north, and much can be seen and done in a single day.
Höfn and the Vatnajökull GlacierDays 5-10. From Reykjavík, journey east to Höfn, a remote gateway to the mighty Vatnajökull Glacier, the world's largest ice cap outside of the Arctic and Antarctica. Cruise through a glacial lagoon between fantastically shaped icebergs. Participate in dynamic field-based seminars with experts on glaciology and climate change. Camp on a vast glacial moraine in the heart of Skaftafell National Park. Don crampons and ice axes to trek over the massive ice cap with certified local guides. Ride Icelandic horses; photograph unique rock formations along black-sand beaches; or visit the remote original landing place of the Vikings, a peninsula of rugged cliffs dotted with puffins. Investigate changes in the composition of fish stocks and seabird populations caused by warming waters. Explore Iceland's southern coast and remote glacial valleys with your On Assignment team, and report back to the group on what you find.
Lake Mývatn and the Northern Coast
Days 11-15. Iceland straddles the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, where the North American and Eurasian tectonic plates diverge. This unique position makes it one of the most volcanically active countries in the world. Head north across the uninhabited interior to the wild volcanic area around Lake Mývatn. Explore bubbling mud pots, hissing steam vents, and the craters of dormant volcanoes. Hike on congealed lava flows from a series of massive eruptions that occurred the late 1970's. Visit magnificent Dettifoss, Europe's most powerful waterfall, where gray glacial meltwater from Iceland's interior blasts through a spectacular basalt canyon.
Bathe in the blue mineral waters of a natural thermal pool surrounded by black lava beds, and visit Akureyri, a thriving modern city on the Arctic Ocean. Hike to roaring glacial waterfalls, wander through a 3,500 year old ice cave, interview local researchers, and enjoy your last days together as you put the finishing touches on your On Assignment projects. Then, return to Reykjavík to present your work before flying home.
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剥夺睡眠——关塔那摩监狱前囚犯揭露美军虐囚
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- 聚焦小而新，华泰柏瑞「中证2000ETF」公告发售به گزارش خبرگزاری برنا در هرمزگان، فریدون همتی پس از حضور از طریق ارتباط ویدئو کنفرانس در جلسه ستاد ملی مدیریت و مقابله با کرونا، عنوان کرد: در طول مدت سه روز تعطیلی اخیر در استان در راستای مدیریت و مقابله با ویروس کرونا، همه اقشار مردم هرمزگان همراهی بسیار خوبی با رعایت موارد توصیه شده داشتند و دانشگاه علوم پزشکی استان نیز از این اقدام راضی بود و از همکاری همه مردم به ویژه بازاریان و کسبه و فعالان زمینه های مختلف تشکر و قدردانی می نمایم.
وی ادامه داد: در جلسه ستاد استانی مدیریت بیماری کرونا در هرمزگان، محدودیت هایی به ویژه برای شهرستانهای بندرعباس، میناب، بندرلنگه و رودان تعیین کردهایم که به ستاد ملی مدیریت و مقابله با کرونا و کمیته های مربوطه در وزارت کشور و وزارت بهداشت اعلام شده است و با توجه به شرایط استان نتیجه تصمیم گیری در خصوص این محدودیت ها در این هفته اعلام میشود.
استاندار هرمزگان افزود: علاوه بر این محدودیت ها، پیشنهادی داشتیم که روزهای پنجشنبه و جمعه هر هفته، استان هرمزگان به طور کامل تعطیل و محدودیتهای بیشتری اعمال شود تا مردم بیشتر در خانه بمانند و این امر در قطع چرخه انتقال ویروس کرونا موثر است.
همتی تصریح کرد: یکی از مهمترین راهکارها در راستای مقابله با ویروس کرونا، ماندن در خانه و کاهش حضور جمعیت در اماکن عمومی است و از مردم شریف هرمزگان می خواهیم با توجه به وضعیت قرمز شیوع بیماری کرونا در این استان تا جایی که امکان دارد در خانه بمانند و تردد غیرضروری نداشته باشند و افرادی که ضرورت ندارد از خانه بیرون بیایند، حتماً در خانه باشند تا شاهد خلوت شدن خیابان ها و دیگر اماکن عمومی همچون بازارها باشیم و مردم با این کار ضمن حفظ سلامت خود به سلامتی دیگران نیز کمک میکنند.
وی گفت: در همه محیط های کار مشاغل مختلف از جمله ادارات، بنگاههای تولیدی و اقتصادی، فعالیت های عمرانی و اصناف مختلف استفاده از ماسک و رعایت پروتکل های بهداشتی ضروری است و در این راستا نظارت های گسترده در استان انجام و با متخلفین برخورد خواهد شد.
استاندار هرمزگان خاطرنشان کرد: ناظرین و بازرسان به صورت گسترده در سطح استان فعال هستند و با هر بنگاه، صنف و مجموعهای که پروتکل ها را رعایت نکند، برخورد قانونی همچون پلمپ آن واحد صورت میگیرد.
همتی اظهار داشت: در راستای مقابله با ویروس کرونا، رفت و آمد و تردد به تمامی روستاهای استان هرمزگان کماکان با محدودیت جدی مواجه است و از هرگونه سفر غیرضروری به روستاها جلوگیری میشود و تنها برای انجام پروژه های عمرانی و فعالیت های مختلف شغلی، افراد مربوطه میتوانند با رعایت دقیق تمامی پروتکل های بهداشتی در روستاها حضور یافته و به فعالیت بپردازند.
وی بیان داشت: تلاش مسئولان و مجموعه مدیریت استان هرمزگان از ابتدای شیوع ویروس کرونا، به کارگیری و تقویت امکانات و تجهیزات بیمارستانی در استان بود و این اقدامات با جدیت صورت گرفته و تجهیزات لازم برای درمان بیماران مبتلا به کرونا در بیمارستان های استان تامین شده و این کار همچنان در حال انجام است.
استاندار هرمزگان افزود: در همه ادارات استان هرمزگان، مدیران ضمن موافقت با مرخصی دو هفتهای برای همه کارمندان دارای بیماری زمینهای، افراد با سن بالای ۵۰ سال و زنان باردار، شرایط فعالیت این افراد به صورت دورکاری را فراهم کنند.
همتی اضافه کرد: ارائه خدمات به ارباب رجوع نیز بیشتر از طریق میز خدمت الکترونیکی انجام شود و مردم نیز از این شیوه غیر حضوری برای انجام امور اداری خود استفاده کنند تا شاهد خلوت بودن، ادارات باشیم.
وی تاکید کرد: بازاریان و افراد مسئول مجتمع های تجاری، مراکز خرید و پاساژها در هرمزگان، باید نظارت دقیقی داشته باشند تا فردی بدون ماسک وارد این مجموعهها نشود و همه در این اماکن حتماً از ماسک استفاده کنند.
استاندار هرمزگان یادآور شد: از تلاش و کوشش خستگی ناپذیر همه پزشکان، پرستاران و کادرهای درمانی در سراسر استان هرمزگان که در طول چهار ماه گذشته به طور شبانه روزی در حال کار برای درمان بیماران مبتلا به کرونا در هرمزگان هستند، تشکر و قدردانی می نمایم.Early Childhood Education
Columbus City Schools’ Early Childhood Education Program is a developmentally appropriate program that provides comprehensive services to preschool age children and their families in the following areas:
- Health Services
- Social Services
- Family and community partnerships
Every child we serve will be successful and prepared to enter kindergarten ready to continue learning as a result of being in a program that:
Believes every child can and will learn
Sees promise, hope and potential in each child
Employs highly qualified and dedicated staff members
Monitors its programs to ensure continuous improvement
Provides ongoing professional development for its staff
Involves and values parents as partners in their child’s education
Aligns an appropriate curriculum and assessment with state and national standards
THE FOUNDATIONAL BLOCK FOR ALL LEARNING
The years between the ages of three and eight are critical ones in a child's education and should be viewed as a developmental unit. To a great extent, the foundation that is laid during these years determines what happens in later life. A strong early childhood education program can ensure that this foundation is firm and secure.
Young children between the ages of three and eight think and learn in ways which are related to their stages of development and which differ from those of older children and adults. Research and Child Development theorists (Vygotsky and Piaget) have documented that children learn best when they construct their own knowledge. Interaction with people and objects in the environment is essential to childrens' construction of knowledge.
There is agreement among many early childhood educators that teachers of young children should implement practices that are developmentally appropriate. A strong early childhood education program is grounded in many concrete experiences which young children must have before they can negotiate abstract learning. This type of early childhood program is predicated on a philosophy based on research and knowledge about how children think and learn.
The mission of Columbus City Schools’ early childhood education program is to provide a strong foundation for all children- a foundation that prepares each student for the next level of learning and beyond. This mission is based on the over arching mission and vision of Columbus City Schools: Each student is highly educated, prepared for leadership and service, and empowered for success as a citizen in a global community and a vision of 100% Student Success.
We believe that creating a vision that says, “Every child that we serve will be successful and prepared to enter kindergarten ready to continue learning.” is an action that will inspire and rally the many forces of change within our city to become our partners in providing high quality education for all of Columbus’s children. We further believe that caring parents, teachers and other individuals with professional expertise will be united by this vision and be a constructive voice and advocate for Columbus ‘children – a voice that says, “this is the kind of education our children need for today and for tomorrow.”
The future of our nation depends on the strength of its young people. A majority of children spend a significant part of their early years being educated and cared for away from home. Those who care about the well-being of young children must make certain that these settings provide all children with the support that is essential to their healthy growth and development. High quality early childhood education programs can prevent the failure that many children experience later in school. A child’s early years are at a time when the most rapid mental and physical growth occurs. Many research studies point out the significance of the first five years of life in determining the child’s ultimate level of intellectual growth and functioning.
The Columbus City School system has a history of providing early childhood programs for its students. With ESEA Title 1 funds, the district operated a Pre-Kindergarten Program as part of its efforts to enhance primary language development. These programs operated in the late sixties and early seventies. In addition to earlier Pre-Kindergarten Programs, Columbus City Schools initiate All-Day Kindergarten in January 1972 as a supplementary program in selected Chapter 1 “high priority” elementary schools. These programs were designed to provide extra help to the neediest students. In 1992, Columbus City Schools implemented Full-Day Kindergarten in all of its elementary schools, as a result a Levy Promise to voters.
In January 1989, the Board of Education commissioned a 40 member community and professional task force to study the K-8 programs in Columbus Public Schools. In December 1989, the task force delivered its report to the Board of Education. One of the Task Force’s principal recommendations asked the district to develop strong early childhood programs, especially for pre-kindergarten children. In January 1990, the Board approved a proposal to establish a Department of Early Childhood Education. Columbus Public School recognized the importance of early childhood education by establishing a Department of Early Childhood Education to oversee programs and practices for children, ages three through age eight. An outgrowth of the focus on early childhood was the establishment of the Early Childhood Education Reform Committee. This committee, made up of administrators, teachers, parents and community representatives, developed a philosophy statement and recommendations for board policy in order that all efforts in early childhood education are coordinated and in keeping with guidelines of the NAEYC (National Association for the Education of Young Children.)
Pre-K Parent Orientation Day
September 3rd and 4th, 2019
(Parents will receive specific information regarding their buildings” orientation schedule from their classroom teacher.)
First Official Day of Pre-K Attendance
September 5, 2019
Early Childhood Education
Central Enrollment Center
430 Cleveland Ave., Columbus 43215
Special Needs Preschool
Ann F. Lockett,
Division of ECE, Director
Rochelle L. Wilkerson,
Division of ECE, Supervisor
Division of ECE Principal/Supervisor at Linden Park Neighborhood Early Childhood Education CenterIl libro di Giona appartiene a quella sezione, che va sotto il nome di “profeti minori” o, ancora meglio, quello dei “dodici profeti” ed è collocato subito dopo il libro del profeta Abdia. Rispetto agli altri libri, quello di Giona è un libro particolare, perché esso, a differenza degli altri, non contiene nessun oracolo profetico, ma si presenta come un racconto, che vuole essere esso stesso una “profezia”.
Per meglio comprendere il senso di questa affermazione, è opportuno chiarire sin da principio cosa vogliamo indicare con il termine “profezia”. Essa non può essere compresa come un’attività assimilabile a quella dell’indovino o dell’astrologo. L’elemento fondamentale, che caratterizza l’esercizio della profezia, è dato dall’ascolto della Parola di Dio. Il profeta è innanzitutto una persona in ascolto della Parola di Dio, in quanto ha imparato a scoprire nella sua vita e negli avvenimenti della storia questa presenza viva ed operante di Dio.
Attraverso l’osservazione attenta degli avvenimenti della storia egli accetta di farsi interlocutore di questo Dio, che ha una parola da dire sulle vicende umane, conducendole verso un porto di salvezza. Il profeta si ritrova a dire una parola o a compiere delle azioni, che sono il frutto di questa obbedienza a Chi ha preso l’iniziativa nella sua vita. Egli non parla da sé, ma dice ciò che ha ascoltato, avendo ben chiaro che, se venisse meno al suo compito, dovrebbe rispondere del fallimento del suo popolo davanti a Dio.
1. Il contesto in cui nasce il racconto del profeta Giona
Il libro di Giona consta di soli quattro capitoli ed è suddivisibile in due parti, avendo nel mezzo un inno di ringraziamento, che il profeta innalza a Dio dal ventre del grande pesce. La trama del racconto è molto semplice: c’è un profeta in Israele, Giona, che viene chiamato da Dio ed inviato a Ninive per annunciare alla città il giudizio di Dio. La peculiarità del racconto sta proprio nel fatto che Giona intende sottrarsi in modo risoluto a questo compito scegliendo la fuga, ma alla fine si ritrova ad esercitare la sua missione, nonostante il suo rifiuto iniziale.
Il narratore della storia di Giona, il profeta, ha disposto gli elementi del racconto in modo tale da far risaltare attraverso un fine umorismo la modalità dell’agire di Dio, che pur rispettando gelosamente la libertà dell’uomo, porta a compimento il suo progetto. Prima di passare all’ascolto del testo, vorremmo chiederci, però, cosa possa aver mosso il narratore a proporci la storia di Giona.
In effetti la storia di Giona va collocata in quel clima di ricostruzione urbanistica, ma anche civile e religiosa, che ha caratterizzato gli anni del ritorno dall’esilio. Israele ha conosciuto l’amarezza della sconfitta da parte degli Assiri e dei Babilonesi, la tragedia della deportazione, ma ha anche sperimentato la tentazione di radicarsi nella nuova realtà, lasciandosi assimilare alla cultura dei dominatori. In modo inaspettato il ritorno nella terra di Israele è stato reso possibile dall’editto di Ciro, che permetteva a tutti i deportati di ritornare alla propria terra.
I libri di Neemia e di Esdra sono testimoni di questo movimento di ritorno e del fervore che animava coloro che erano già rientrati in patria. Avevano subito messo mano alla ricostruzione del Tempio, cercando di rimettere in piedi tutto il sistema religioso, ma allo steso tempo si era fatto strada una concezione integrista di salvaguardare la fede, cadendo facilmente nel nazionalismo e nel clericalismo. Si assisteva, in tal modo al moltiplicarsi di liturgie penitenziali o alla decisione di non aver alcun contatto con i popoli vicini, rispedendo alle loro case le donne straniere.
Il racconto di Giona presuppone questo diffuso clima di diffidenza verso tutto ciò che non appartiene ad Israele e l’affermarsi di un modo nazionalistico di concepire il rapporto di Alleanza, che Dio ha stretto con il suo popolo. In effetti la missione, che Dio affida a Giona, mira a spezzare questa chiusura autoreferenziale, che mette in sordina il senso vero dell’elezione di Israele da parte di Dio.
Israele è chiamato, sì, ad essere il popolo di Dio, ma non per chiudersi nel godimento di un proprio privilegio, ma per portare con Dio la responsabilità di questo mondo, di questa storia umana chiusa in una spirale di violenza e di morte. Nella figura di Giona, che oltretutto significa “colomba”, è tutto Israele, in quanto popolo di Dio, che viene chiamato a vivere la propria esistenza “davanti al volto” di tutte le nazioni, testimoniando l’unicità e la fedeltà amorosa del Dio creatore del mondo e Signore della storia.
Egli viene inviato a Ninive, quella città, da cui Israele ha ragioni da vendere per tenersi alla larga, perché essa è il luogo dell’impero, la realtà capace di esercitare sugli altri un potere oppressivo. Ninive non rappresenta soltanto il mondo dei pagani, ma designa quella città o quella nazione o quelle istituzioni che nei vari momenti della storia si ritrovano ad esercitare un potere, che schiaccia, asserve, annienta qualsiasi forma di libertà.
Il narratore della storia di Giona sta, dunque, proponendo un piatto molto indigesto per un credente, che ha conosciuto la crudeltà ed il cinismo dell’oppressore. Come può egli accettare la logica di un Dio che mostra di avere a cuore la sorte degli stessi oppressori? Ma lo stesso finale del racconto ribalta l’interrogativo, perché adesso è Dio stesso che chiede a questo credente scandalizzato se dell’oppressione bisogna incolpare tutto un popolo, quei “centoventimila, che non sanno distinguere tra la mano destra e la sinistra” (Gn 4,11).
In questo interrogativo, che di fatto lascia aperto il racconto, si intravvede in filigrana Esodo 34,2-7 ed il modo di come Dio si rivela a Mosè: “Il Signore passò davanti a lui, proclamando: il Signore, il Signore, Dio misericordioso e pietoso, lento all’ira e ricco di amore e di fedeltà.”. Ma si intravvede anche l’allargamento di orizzonte operato dal profeta Geremia: “A volte nei riguardi di una nazione io decido di sradicare, di demolire e di distruggere, ma se questa nazione, contro la quale avevo parlato, si converte dalla sua malvagità, io mi pento del male che avevo pensato di farle”(Ger 18,7-8).
2. Lettura del Capitolo I – La grande tentazione del credente: la fuga dalla responsabilità
Il racconto inizia senza un prologo, che permetta all’ascoltatore di collocarsi in un determinato tempo e spazio. Esso si apre, invece, con queste parole: “E fu la Par
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-Walls), argento, e Francia (Thomas-Grondin), bronzo. La coppia italiana composta da Elia Viviani e Simone Consonni chiude con un deludente decimo posto.
La Francia si rende protagonista di un ottimo avvio di gara con uno scatenato Benjamin Thomas, vincitori dei primi due sprint; gli azzurri, invece, conquistano un punto con Elia Viviani in entrambe le occasioni. La terza volata se la aggiudica la Gran Bretagna che, nei due successivi sprint vinti da Olanda e Belgio, riesce a guadagnare la testa della classifica generale. L’Italia fa un po’ di fatica a restare nelle prime posizioni, ma pian piano ricuce il gap con i principali avversari e centra il successo nel settimo sprint grazie ad Elia Viviani. A metà gara gli azzurri ottengono un secondo posto che vale la sesta piazza nella generale con dieci punti, mentre in testa resta la Gran Bretagna a 19 seguita da Danimarca (18), Francia e Olanda (14).
La Francia, dopo aver vinto altri due sprint, prova a guadagnare il giro sulle squadre avversarie, ma Danimarca e Gran Bretagna fanno muro e non lasciano fuggire i transalpini. All’improvviso, quando mancano circa sessanta giri, Roger Kluge lancia l’attacco per la Germania, che però riesce soltanto ad ottenere uno sprint per poi essere arginata dal gruppo. I danesi cercano di gestire la corsa nel miglior modo possibile, prendendosi anche la quindicesima volata e la seconda piazza nello sprint seguente che valgono loro il primo posto momentaneo nella graduatoria. Nel finale l’Italia prova a guadagnare il giro, ma Simone Consonni viene subito ripreso da una grande Francia: gli azzurri prendono soltanto un punticino allo sprint. Gli ultimi giri mettono in scena una battaglia serrata per le posizioni di vertice, ma purtroppo non vede la coppia italiana tra le sue protagoniste; la Danimarca conquista la medaglia d’oro, argento per la Gran Bretagna e bronzo per la Francia.Ingredienti: 500g fagiolini spuntati, 280g carote, 6 fili di erba cipollina tagliuzzati, 40ml olio extravergine di oliva, 1 cucchiaio di aceto di vino bianco, sale
Lessare in abbondante acqua bollente e salata le carote per 5 minuti, unirvi i fagiolini, riportare a bollore e proseguire la cottura per 15 minuti. Nel frattempo preparare un'emulsione con l'olio, l'aceto e una presa di sale. Scolare le verdure, tagliare in grosse rondelle le carote e riunirle con i fagiolini in una capiente ciotola, aggiungere l'erba cipollina, colarvi sopra l'emulsione e mescolare bene il tutto. Coprire l'insalata e lasciarla insaporire 10 minuti, prima di servirla tiepida in tavola.
Adoro i fagiolini e anche le carote sono buonissimi insiemeRispondiElimina
Buona giornataRispondiElimina
Mi piace molto questa insalata! Un abbraccio :)RispondiElimina
mi piacciono molto cosi', li mangio spesso. Baci SabryRispondiEliminaمهرداد طاهری رئیس اداره صنعت، معدن و تجارت شهرستان سراوان در گفت وگو با شستون
با بیان اینکه پنهان کردن نرخ نامه تخلف محسوب می شود، گفت: در واحد های خدماتی نرخ نامه باید در معرض دید مشتری نصب شود.
وی با اشاره به اینکه واحد های خدماتی طبق نرخ نامه مصوب باید پول دریافت کنند، افزود: در صورت مشاهده هر گونه تخلف بازرسان این سازمان به جد برخورد خواهند کرد.
رئیس صنعت، معدن و تجارت سراوان با بیان اینکه ناظرین افتخاری با شرکت در کلاس های آموزشی و دریافت کارت شناسایی می توانند با اداره صنعت و معدن همکاری داشته باشند، اظهار داشت:بازرسان طبق گزارش ناظرین افتخاری با متخلفین برخورد می کنند.
وی با بیان اینکه مردم نقش مهمی در کاهش تخلفات واحد های خدماتی دارند، تصریح کرد: متاسفانه شهروندان سراوانی با اداره صنعت و معدن همکاری لازم را ندارند و با کلی گویی نمی توان جلوی متخلفین را گرفت.
طاهری با اشاره به اینکه سوخت گیری خارج از شبکه عملا تخلف عرضه سوخت خارج ازشبکه محسوب می شود، اذعان داشت: باک استاندارد خودرو شبکه تحریف شده سوخت گیری است.
وی در پایان با بیان اینکه مسافرین توابع سراوان اقدام به سوخت گیری درگالن می کنند، گفت: اداره صنعت، معدن و تجارت به متخلفین تذکر داده است اما علی ای حال افراد سودجو اقدام به سوخت گیری غیر مجاز می کنند.
انتهای پیام/Nation’s hurricane ‘luck’ will run out
In 1933, Richard Gray, a U.S. government weather forecaster, noted that Florida had been hit by at least 37 hurricanes over the 45 years ending in 1930. During this period, the longest stretch with no tropical storms was only two years.
When the 2014 hurricane season officially began on June 1, the Sunshine State had gone more than eight years without being struck by a hurricane. It was back on Oct. 24, 2005, when Hurricane Wilma emerged from the Gulf of Mexico and caused billions of dollars in damage in South Florida. In fact, Wilma was the last Category 3 or stronger storm to hit the USA.
The 3,151 days and counting with no Florida hurricane and no major U.S. hurricane shatters the previous records for hurricane “droughts,” at least back to the turn of the previous century. In fact, from 1900 through 2013, the United States experienced a decrease in hurricane landfalls of more than 20 percent, and the strength of each year’s landfalling storms has also decreased by more than 20 percent.
Even so, I’d caution against putting too much significance on these numbers, as North Atlantic hurricane seasons are highly variable. In fact, the choice of time period makes a difference. For instance, starting the analysis in 1970, at the lowest point of 20th century hurricane activity, leads to an increasing trend.
But make no mistake: We can say with some certainty that there is little evidence to suggest that U.S. hurricanes have become more common or stronger. The recent report of the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change agrees: “No robust trends in annual numbers of tropical storms, hurricanes and major hurricanes counts have been identified over the past 100 years in the North Atlantic basin.”
Arguably, we are living in a lull of hurricanes, at least in the context of the past 100 years or so.
Residents of the Northeast — New York and New Jersey, in particular — might disagree. In 2012, Superstorm Sandy resulted in more than $50 billion in damage, and debate lingers over whether it was actually a hurricane when it hit landfall.
It would be a big mistake to conflate hurricane damage with storm frequency or intensity. Consider that the Great Miami Hurricane of 1926 resulted in $76 million in damage when it devastated what is today downtown Miami. Without a doubt, a repeat of that storm would result in much more damage, but how much?
Along with colleagues, I have conducted research to explore how much damage past hurricanes would cause were they to strike today’s population and development. We estimate, for example, that the 1926 Miami storm would result in more than $180 billion in damage were it to hit in 2014. That is almost twice the damage of Hurricane Katrina and nearly four times that of Sandy.
We tend to have short memories when it comes to disasters. After 2004, when four hurricanes struck Florida, and the record 2005 season that delivered three tropical storms and five hurricanes, insurance and reinsurance rates skyrocketed as many thought that we had entered a “new normal.”
Today, by contrast, there is strong downward pressure on rates as a shortage of damaging hurricanes has contributed to a glut of capital available to backstop hurricane risk.
Whether there are climatological reasons for the lengthy hurricane drought or whether it’s just the result of randomness, we can say with 100 percent certainty that our luck will run out.
When it does, we will have no excuse not to be prepared. Writing in 1933, government forecaster Gray observed, “If a building is properly constructed, including the proper type of roof and roofing material, and is securely anchored to the proper kind of foundation, it will not sustain serious structural damage in a hurricane of major intensity.” Strong buildings matter as considerable water damage occurs to structures that are compromised by wind damage.
The U.S. has an excellent track record with respect to preparing for hurricanes, so much so that the exceptions stand out. But we cannot let the current lull in landfalls lead to a letting down of our guard. The next big one is coming; it is just a matter of time.
Will we be ready? Are you ready?
Roger Pielke Jr., professor of environmental studies at the University of Colorado, also serves as director of its Center for Science & Technology Policy Research.Justinian the Great
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This paper examines the life of Justinian, a man who rose from an obscure background to become emperor and earned the title "the Great" by restoring the empire to a partial measure of the glory that it had once had. The paper discusses how he managed to intervene successfully in Africa, Spain, and Italy, gradually bringing these areas back in imperial control. The paper notes that he also persecuted several Christian heresies, while allowing paganism to die out.
From the Paper:"In 526, on the death of his adoptive uncle, the emperor Justin, Justinian became emperor without dispute. He was forty-five years old, mature, not a creative mind, but clear and determined. He restored order amid political /religious passions, rebuilt the empire, and guarded the frontiers, all remarkably well. (Durant, 104-05: Bury, 23-27) He brought with him as his empress and co-ruler his wife Theodora. Scandalous history holds that Theodora was former prostitute. Historians agree that Theodora was poor and had an obscure, non-noble background. The same was true of Justinian. Aristocrats never forgave her these flaws."
Cite this Term Paper:
Justinian the Great (2007, December 01) Retrieved February 07, 2023, from https://www.academon.com/term-paper/justinian-the-great-133609/
"Justinian the Great" 01 December 2007. Web. 07 February. 2023. <https://www.academon.com/term-paper/justinian-the-great-133609/>زبان آزمون دکتری یکی از بخش های بسیار مهم آزمون دکتری است. داشتن مهارت زبان علاوه بر تاثیری که در آزمون دکتری دارد، برای مصاحبه های دکتری و طول دوره تحصیل در مقطع دکتری نیز از اهمیت زیادی برخوردار است. علاوه بر تأثیر درس زبان در نمره تراز و رتبه داوطلبان آزمون دکتری، زبان انگلیسی از جمله مباحثی است که در مصاحبه شفاهی دکتری نیز جایگاه خود را داشته و ممکن است سؤالاتی از آن مطرح شود. ضمن این که در برخی دانشگاه ها کسب درصد مناسبی از بخش زبان عمومی در آزمون کتبی نیز از دیدگاه مصاحبهکنندگان حائز اهمیت است. آزمون زبان دکتری تا سال ۹۱ سوالات زیادی داشت یعنی ۱۰۰ سوال. اما سال ۹۲ تعداد سوالات به ۷۰ رسید و سال ۹۳ تنها ۳۰ سوال . سوالات زبان دکتری سال به سال آسان تر شده است. در ادامه با نحوه نمره دهی آزمون زبان دکتری بیشتر آشنا می شویم.
در حال حاضر نمره دهی آزمون زبان دکتری از سه بخش مجزا تشکیل شده است:
گرامر، واژگان و درک مطلب
در این آزمون در مجموع با 30 سوال از این سه بخش روبرو خواهید شد.
در بخش گرامر زبان دکتری شما با 8 سوال روبرو می شوید. یعنی 8 سؤال از مجموع 30 تست زبان عمومی مربوط به بخش گرامر است و این یعنی 40 درصد نمره زبان را شامل شده است که نشان دهنده اهمیت آن است؛ بهویژه که شروع سؤالات آزمون هم با این بخش است.
بخش واژگان دومین بخش آزمون زبان است که از مجموع 30 سؤال، 12 تست را به خود اختصاص داده است.
بخش سوم آزمون بخش درک مطلب است که یک سوم از آزمون را به خود اختصاص داده و به عنوان آخرین بخش آزمون مطرح میشود (یعنی 10 سوال). این بخش وقتگیرترین بخش آزمون است، اما با کمی تمرین و یادگیری مهارت ها میتوان نمره خوبی از آن کسب کرد. در بخش درک مطلب در سال های اخیر دو متن آمده و از هر یک 5 سؤال مطرح شده است. موضوعات متن های مطرح شده برای رشته های مختلف عموماً در حوزه علوم انسانی بودهاند.
به یاد داشته باشید که این آزمون نمره ی منفی دارد و هر سه پاسخ غلط یک جواب صحیح را از بین می برد.
اگر شما داوطلب شرکت در آزمون زبان دکتری هستید، می توانید با شرکت در دوره ی هیبریدی آنلاین دکتری اساتیدآنلاین موفقیت خود در این آزمون را تضمین کنید. برای اطلاعات بیشتر به وب سایت https://asatideonline.com رفته یا با شماره 71057276-021 تماس حاصل فرمایید.لیست آرزوهای خود را به خاطر بسپارید
لیست آرزوهای خود را به یک چک لیست تبدیل کنید و آن را در تورهای آپارتمانی همراه داشته باشید تا بتوانید تعیین کنید که هر ملک در ایران چگونه با خواسته ها و نیازهای شما مطابقت دارد. از لیست خود کپی تهیه کنید و آنها را در هر تور همراهی کنید و نام هر ملک در بالا نوشته شده باشد تا بتوانید بعداً برای ارزیابی یادداشت برداری کنید.
تست سخت افزار و لوازم خانگی
در حالی که در یک تور آپارتمان هستید، هرگز این موضوع را بدیهی تلقی نکنید که سخت افزار و لوازم برقی آن طور که باید کار می کنند. در عوض، شیرآلات، قفل ها، توالت ها، چراغ ها و هر وسیله ای را تست کنید تا از عملکرد صحیح آنها مطمئن شوید. هر چیزی را که اینطور نیست یادداشت کنید و از صاحبخانه بپرسید که آیا آنها قبل از نقل مکان تعمیر می شوند یا خیر. یک موضوع ممکن است مشکل بزرگی نباشد، اما اگر چندین چیز خراب باشد، احتمالاً نشان دهنده یک مشکل بزرگتر در نحوه نگهداری ملک است.
سیگنال سلول خود را بررسی کنید
هنگامی که در حال گشت و گذار در یک واحد آپارتمان اجاره ای در تهران هستید، فراموش نکنید که گوشی خود را بیرون بیاورید و از خدمات خوب خود مطمئن شوید. آخرین چیزی که می خواهید این است که به اولین آپارتمان خود نقل مکان کنید و متوجه شوید که نمی توانید از داخل خانه خود پیامک یا تماس برقرار کنید.
پارکینگ را در نظر داشته باشید
به نظر املاک فستیوال پارکینگ راحت برای اکثر افرادی که به دنبال اجاره اولین آپارتمان خود هستند، اهمیت زیادی دارد. در هر گشت و گذار، بررسی کنید که آیا واحدی که به آن نگاه میکنید دارای پارکینگ در فضای باز یا گاراژ است یا خیر، و همچنین اینکه آیا فضاها اختصاص داده شده است یا اولویت اول است. همچنین ایده خوبی است که بپرسید آیا پارکینگ برای مهمانان در دسترس است یا خیر.
قرارداد اجاره را درک کنید
اجاره نامه شما یک سند الزام آور قانونی است که حاوی اطلاعات مهمی در مورد آنچه از شما به عنوان مستاجر انتظار می رود و در مورد آنچه می توانید از صاحبخانه یا شرکت مدیریت اجاره خود داشته باشید، می باشد. هنگام اجاره اولین آپارتمان خود از توافق نامه غافل نشوید. مطمئن شوید که پس از امضای کپی خود را دریافت کرده اید تا در صورت لزوم بتوانید آن را بعداً بررسی کنید. هنگام بررسی اجاره نامه خود، باید به دو بخش مهم توجه کنید.
مدت اجاره
شکستن اجاره نامه قبل از اتمام آن می تواند بسیار پرهزینه باشد – و این در صورتی است که صاحبخانه شما به شما اجازه دهد که اجاره نامه را بشکنید. شما فقط باید با اجاره نامه ای موافقت کنید که برای مدت زمانی است که می توانید به طور عملی به آن متعهد شوید. اکثر اجاره نامه ها یک سال طول می کشد، بنابراین این را در نظر داشته باشید. عواقب فسخ اجاره نامه در هنگام امضای آن در سند مشخص می شود.
این اطلاعات را به دقت بررسی کنید تا بدانید چه چیزی در خطر است. معمولاً، پیامد شکست قرارداد اجاره، هزینه قابل توجهی است. با این حال، بسته به نحوه گزارش صاحبخانه یا شرکت مدیریت املاک شما، گاهی اوقات خاتمه زودهنگام اجاره شما می تواند به اعتبار شما آسیب برساند.
حقوق مستاجر
صاحبخانه شما موظف است اقامتگاه های خاصی را رعایت کند، که همه آنها باید در قرارداد اجاره شما ذکر شده باشد. قبل از روز نقل مکان، بدانید که چه چیزی حق دارید تا در صورت لزوم بتوانید درخواست های معقولانه ای ارائه دهید. برای مثال، برای صاحبخانه شما غیرقانونی است که پس از نقل مکان به منظور بهبود واحد، سپرده شما را نگه دارد.
اگر آپارتمان خود را در همان شرایط زمانی که به خانه نقل مکان کردید نگاه داشته اید، و آنها همچنان سعی می کنند سپرده امنیتی شما را نگه دارند، فهرستی دقیق از آنچه قصد دارند آن را خرج کنند بخواهید. برخی از ایالتها از صاحبخانهها میخواهند که سپرده شما را با فرض اینکه شرایط لازم را داشته باشید، به محض 15 روز پس از نقل مکان، بازپرداخت کنند.
حداکثر باید ظرف 30 روز آن را دریافت کنید. وزارت مسکن و توسعه شهری ایران را بررسی کنید برای کسب اطلاعات بیشتر در مورد حقوق مستاجر در ایالت خود، دستورالعمل های مربوطه را بررسی کنید.
به آپارتمان جدید خود نقل مکان کنید
مانند هر فرآیند جابجایی، اگر زودتر شروع کنید ، نقل مکان به اولین آپارتمان شما راحت تر خواهد بود. این امر به ویژه اگر به تنهایی حرکت می کنید صادق است. پس هر چه زودتر برای انتقال خود برنامه ریزی کنید!
راه اندازی Utilities
اگر تاسیسات برقی از قبل راهاندازی نشدهاند و در قیمت اجاره گنجان
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, but at the mere fact of the attempt. The history of our captivity is free from that stain; and whatever follies in the eyes of the world we may have perpetrated, we have neither murdered our enemies nor acted treacherously against them, nor yet have been reduced to the point of cursing each other.”
I could not gainsay the truth of that discourse, I saw as clearly as my interlocutor the impossibility of the faintest sympathetic bond between Poland and her neighbours ever being formed in the future. The only course that remains to a reconstituted Poland is the elaboration, establishment, and preservation of the most correct method of political relations with neighbours to whom Poland’s existence is bound to be a humiliation and an offence. Calmly considered it is an appalling task, yet one may put one’s trust in that national temperament which is so completely free from aggressiveness and revenge. Therein lie the foundations of all hope. The success of renewed life for that nation whose fate is to remain in exile, ever isolated from the West, amongst hostile surroundings, depends on the sympathetic understanding of its problems by its distant friends, the Western Powers, which in their democratic development must recognise the moral and intellectual kinship of that distant outpost of their own type of civilisation, which was the only basis of Polish culture.
Whatever may be the future of Russia and the final organisation of Germany, the old hostility must remain unappeased, the fundamental antagonism must endure for years to come. The Crime of the Partition was committed by autocratic Governments which were the Governments of their time; but those Governments were characterised in the past, as they will be in the future, by their people’s national traits, which remain utterly incompatible with the Polish mentality and Polish sentiment. Both the German submissiveness (idealistic as it may be) and the Russian lawlessness (fed on the corruption of all the virtues) are utterly foreign to the Polish nation, whose qualities and defects are altogether of another kind, tending to a certain exaggeration of individualism and, perhaps, to an extreme belief in the Governing Power of Free Assent: the one invariably vital principle in the internal government of the Old Republic. There was never a history more free from political bloodshed than the history of the Polish State, which never knew either feudal institutions or feudal quarrels. At the time when heads were falling on the scaffolds all over Europe there was only one political execution in Poland — only one; and as to that there still exists a tradition that the great Chancellor who democratised Polish institutions, and had to order it in pursuance of his political purpose, could not settle that matter with his conscience till the day of his death. Poland, too, had her civil wars, but this can hardly be made a matter of reproach to her by the rest of the world. Conducted with humanity, they left behind them no animosities and no sense of repression, and certainly no legacy of hatred. They were but a recognised argument in political discussion and tended always towards conciliation.
I cannot imagine, whatever form of democratic government Poland elaborates for itself, that either the nation or its leaders would do anything but welcome the closest scrutiny of their renewed political existence. The difficulty of the problem of that existence will be so great that some errors will be unavoidable, and one may be sure that they will be taken advantage of by its neighbours to discredit that living witness to a great historical crime. If not the actual frontiers, then the moral integrity of the new State is sure to be assailed before the eyes of Europe. Economical enmity will also come into play when the world’s work is resumed again and competition asserts its power. Charges of aggression are certain to be made, especially as related to the small States formed of the territories of the Old Republic. And everybody knows the power of lies which go about clothed in coats of many colours, whereas, as is well known, Truth has no such advantage, and for that reason is often suppressed as not altogether proper for everyday purposes. It is not often recognised, because it is not always fit to be seen.
Already there are innuendoes, threats, hints thrown out, and even awful instances fabricated out of inadequate materials, but it is historically unthinkable that the Poland of the future, with its sacred tradition of freedom and its hereditary sense of respect for the rights of individuals and States, should seek its prosperity in aggressive action or in moral violence against that part of its once fellow-citizens who are Ruthenians or Lithuanians. The only influence that cannot be restrained is simply the influence of time, which disengages truth from all facts with a merciless logic and prevails over the passing opinions, the changing impulses of men. There can be no doubt that the moral impulses and the material interests of the new nationalities, which seem to play now the game of disintegration for the benefit of the world’s enemies, will in the end bring them nearer to the Poland of this war’s creation, will unite them sooner or later by a spontaneous movement towards the State which had adopted and brought them up in the development of its own humane culture — the offspring of the West.
Last updated Sunday, March 27, 2016 at 11:52Il consigliere federale Didier Burkhalter appoggia la dichiarazione congiunta di un gruppo di Paesi con vedute affini che vogliono rafforzare il controllo degli armamenti convenzionali in Europa. Il gruppo, di cui fanno parte anche la Germania, il Belgio, la Bulgaria, la Finlandia, la Francia, l’Italia, i Paesi Bassi, la Norvegia, l’Austria, la Svezia, la Slovacchia, la Spagna e la Repubblica ceca, si è costituito dopo l’appello del 26 agosto 2016 del ministro degli affari esteri tedesco Frank-Walter Steinmeier a riavviare il controllo degli armamenti convenzionali in Europa.
La dichiarazione dei ministri degli esteri conferma la volontà comune di lanciare una discussione strutturata sul controllo degli armamenti convenzionali in Europa. L’Organizzazione per la sicurezza e la cooperazione in Europa (OSCE) è stata scelta come piattaforma centrale per questo dialogo. La Svizzera, che ha presieduto l’OSCE nel 2014, si impegna fortemente per modernizzare gli strumenti di questa organizzazione, in particolare il Documento di Vienna sulle misure miranti a rafforzare la fiducia e la sicurezza. Nell’ambito dell’OSCE, la Svizzera si adopera affinché il dialogo informale sulla sicurezza europea venga portato avanti a livello ministeriale per rafforzare la fiducia e la sicurezza nel continente.
Il controllo degli armamenti convenzionali è inoltre un mezzo efficace per limitare gli armamenti, aumentare la trasparenza, evitare i rischi e consolidare la fiducia. La proliferazione, l’accumulo e l’impiego incontrollati di armi convenzionali possono destabilizzare Stati e regioni e ostacolarne lo sviluppo. Per questa ragione, la Svizzera persegue una politica pragmatica di controllo degli armamenti e di disarmo con lo scopo di garantire la sicurezza nazionale e internazionale con il più basso livello di armamento possibile. L’obiettivo concreto della politica svizzera è che gli Stati organizzino le attività militari in modo trasparente e prevedibile, che la cooperazione internazionale in materia di politica di sicurezza venga rafforzata e che, di conseguenza, cresca la fiducia tra gli Stati.
Il sistema del controllo degli armamenti convenzionali e delle misure volte a rafforzare la fiducia, presente in Europa dalla fine della guerra fredda, si basa sul Trattato sulle forze armate convenzionali in Europa (CFE), sul Documento di Vienna sulle misure miranti a rafforzare la fiducia e la sicurezza e sul Trattato “Cieli Aperti” (Open Skies Treaty). La Svizzera partecipa a pieno titolo solo al regime del Documento di Vienna ed è svizzero il coordinatore dei negoziati su tale Documento presso l’OSCE a Vienna. La necessaria modernizzazione di questi strumenti, in particolare del Documento di Vienna e del CFE, è bloccata a livello politico. L’appello dei ministri degli esteri del gruppo di Paesi con vedute affini a rilanciare il controllo degli armamenti convenzionali in Europa per promuovere la sicurezza e la fiducia tra tutti gli Stati partecipanti dell’OSCE assume quindi un’importanza ancora maggiore.
L’impegno della Svizzera nell’ambito del controllo degli armamenti è una priorità definita nella Strategia di politica estera 2016-2019 per rafforzare la sicurezza internazionale.
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E-Mail: [email protected]به گزارش خبر۱۹؛ مهندس هوشنگ بازوند در مراسم ویژه روز دانشجو در دانشگاه صنعتی کرمانشاه این دانشگاه را نماد صنعتی شدن استان دانست و گفت: انتظار می رود دانشگاه صنعتی هزینه توسعه استان کرمانشاه را کاهش دهد به این معنا که مداخله گری کند.
وی یکی از دلایل عقب ماندگی های استان را ناهماهنگی بین دانشگاه ها و مدیران اجرایی در مسیر توسعه دانست و با اشاره به زلزله سال گذشته کرمانشاه گفت: دانشگاه صنعتی کرمانشاه می تواند آغازگر کار ویرایش پنجم آئین نامه علمی ۲۸۰۰ زلزله باشد چرا که ویرایش این آئین نامه، مانع بروز حادثه ای مانند تخریب بیمارستان اسلام آباد در زلزله می شود.
نرخ بیکاری را کاهش دادیم
استاندار کرمانشاه با اشاره به طرح مساله بیکاری استان از سوی دانشجویان هم گفت: در آغاز مسئولیتم در استان تعداد بیکاران۱۵۳ هزار و ۲۴۱ نفر بودند که اشتغالزایی این رقم نزدیک به ۳۰ هزار میلیارد تومان اعتبار نیاز دارد. شغل با سخنرانی ایجاد نمی شود اگرچه شاید با سخنرانی شغل از بین می رود.
مهندس بازوند با اشاره به داشتن برنامه برای مبارزه با بیکاری در کرمانشاه تصریح کرد: با سند اشتغالی که در استان تهیه شد از رشد نرخ بیکاری ۶/۲۱ در طول یکساله جلوگیری شد و در فصل بهار و تابستان امسال نرخ بیکاری به ترتیب ۶/۱۷ و ۴/۱۶ شد و این نشان میدهد که در برنامه ها مثبت عمل شده است.
وی ادامه داد: نرخ مشارکت اقتصادی در نیمه دوم سال ۹۶، ۳۸ درصد بوده و امروز به حدود ۴۳ درصد رسیده است و این نشان دهنده افزایش میل و امید مردم به کارهای اقتصادی است.
مهندس بازوند اولویت اول در استان کرمانشاه را موضوع معیشت و اقتصاد مردم عنوان کرد و گفت: اگر به مشکلات اقتصادی مردم توجه نشود حتما شاخص ها در مسائل فرهنگی، اجتماعی و گاها سیاسی مردم خدشه می وارد شود.
۲۰۵ میلیون یورو سرمایه گذاری خارجی داریم
استاندا کرمانشاه با اشاره به نرخ سرمایه گذاری ها در استان اظهار داشت: علیرغم تنش های زلزله شاهد تمایل سرمایه گذاری خارجی در استان بوده ایم که از جمله ثبت سرمایه گذاری ۴۳ میلیون یورویی و ۱۶۲ میلیون یوروی دیگر که در حال نهایی شدن است.
وی همچنین با بیان اینکه در ۸ ماهه گذشته در زمینه اخذ منابع از صندوق توسعه ملی کاری فوق العاده صورت گرفته افزود: تاکنون حدود ۶۰۶ میلیون دلار برای صنایع تعطیل شده اخذ شده که اقدام برزگی بشمار می آید.
مردم امیدوار شده اند
مهندس بازوند در ادامه گزارش عملکرد یکساله خود در استان تعداد قرارداد زمین های واگذارشده به سرمایه گذاران را ۴۰مورد عنوان کرد و گفت: در ۸ ماهه سال ۹۷ این تعداد به ۱۸۲ مورد قرارداد رسیده که مساحت این اراضی از ۲۱ هکتار به ۷۲ هکتار رسیده و این نشان از افزایش مشارکت مردم در فعالیت های اقتصادی و اقدام برای کاهش نرخ بیکاری دارد.
وی به رشد ۵۴ درصدی صادرات غیر نفتی استان علیرغم مشکلات موجود اشاره کرد و گفت: تمامی این شاخص ها نشان می دهد که در استان کرمانشاه یک حرکت اقتصادی آغاز شده که نیازمند کمک همه مردم به ویژه دانشگاهها و دانشجویان است.
مهندس بازوند با بیان اینکه در طول یکسال گذشته ۷۳ واحد راکدی که ۵ سال و نیم تعطیل بودند احیا شدند افزود: در این مدت نزدیک به ۹۱۶ شغل نیز در این واحدها ایجاد شد که قابل راستی آزمایی است و این نشان از ایجاد امید در موضوع اشتغال دارد.
در کرمانشاه باید کار ارزش تلقی شود
استاندار کرمانشاه با تاکید بر اینکه باید
موانع بر سرراه سرمایه برداشته شود تا در جای خود قرار بگیرد اظهار داشت: بسیاری از موانع سرمایه گذاری در استان به مباحث نرم افزاری باز می گردد و در استان کرمانشاه باید کار به عنوان ارزش تلقی شود و این فرهنگ نهادینه شود چرا که کار عنصر اصلی توسعه بحساب می آید.
مهندس بازوند با بیان اینکه امروز در یک جنگ روانی و اقتصادی قرار داریم خاطر نشان کرد: آنگونه که در جنگ ۸ ساله موضوع دفاع به فرهنگ عمومی مردم تبدیل شد امروز نیز فرهنگ کار را باید به فرهنگ و ارزش عمومی بدل کنیم.
رئیس جمهور گفت خیلی حوصله داری
وی در ادامه در ارائه گزارشی از روند اقدامات استان در زلزله اظهار داشت: در زلزله آبان ماه سال گذشته این برای نخستین بار بود که در یک بحران ملی به مدیریت استانی سپرده شد و در این رویداد ۴۴ بار به صورت مستقیم پاسخگوی مردم بودم که کار راحتی نیست. این موضوع بحدی بود که رئیس جمهور گفتند که استاندار کرمانشاه خیلی حوصله دارد و حرف همه را گوش می دهد.
استاندار کرمانشاه افزود: گفتگو با مردم و پاسخگویی به آنها علیرغم کمبودها باید الگوی همه باشد و ما سعی کرده ایم که پاسخگوی امور به مردم باشیم.
وی در ادامه با مقایسه زلزله غرب استان کرمانشاه با زلزله رودبار، ورزقان و بم هم گفت: در زلزله آبان سال گذشته بنا بر فرمایش رهبری و رئیس جمهور یک رکورد در امداد و نجات به ثبت رسید. بعلاوه در زلزله ۴ آذر علیرغم بزرگی اتفاقی نیافتاد که اهمیت نحوه مدیریت در این مساله را نشان میدهد.
زلزله کرمانشاه الگوی ملی شد
استاندار کرمانشاه یکی از مواهب زلزله سال گذشته غرب کرمانشاه را پدیدار شدن یک اجماع بزرگ در بین هموطنان عنوان کرد و گفت: زلزله کرمانشاه منشا انسجام ملی شد که نشان میدهد اگر در مشکلات اجماع داشته باشیم قطعا به همه چیز غلبه پیدا می کنیم.
مهندس بازوند با ارائه آخرین آمار ساخت و ساز در مناطق زلزله به دانشجویان گفت: در این زلزله ۱۰۴ هزار واحد آسیب دید که ساخت آن کار بسیار سختی بود اما تا امروز بیش از ۷۵ هزار واحد مسکونی ساخته شده است که سرعت بسیارخوبی را در ساخت وساز ثبت کرد.
وی یکی از اقدامات بی نظیر در زلزله آبان سال گذشته کرمانشاه را تزریق اعتبار از سوی دولت به فاصله ۷۲ ساعت پس از وقوع زلزله عنوان کرد و افزود: این زلزله ۲۰ ثانیه ای ۷ هزار میلیارد تومان خسارت به بار آوردکه برای ساخت و بازگشت به حالت اولیه نزدیک به ۱۲ هزار میلیارد سرمایه گذاری نیاز دارد.
استاندار کرمانشاه با بیان اینکه زلزله بر اساس تاکید رهبری برای کرمانشاه به یک فرصت تبدیل شده اظهار داشت: در سرپل ذهاب صدور پروانه ساخت از ۶۷۰۰ به ۱۰ هزار و ۴۰۰ رسیده و ۳۶۵۰ واحد بیشتر نسبت به قبل از زلزله در این شهر خانه ساخته می شود.
گلایه ای از منتقدان ندارم
مهندس بازوند با بیان اینکه در طول دوران مسئولیت اش در استان بیشتر از دیگر مسئولان انتقاد به خود دیده افزود: از انتقاد استقبال کرده و گلایه ای از منتقدان ندارم چرا که انتقاد سازنده مدیران را وادار به کار و پیگیری می کند و موجب برجسته شدن مشکلات و نواقص می شود اما مرز توهین و انتقاد همواره متفاوت بوده است.
استاندار کرمانشاه در پاسخ به دغدغه یکی از نمایندگان دانشجویان در مورد امنیتی شدن فضای دانشگاهها هم گفت: سیاست ما به هیچ وجه امنیتی کردن دانشگاهها نیست چرا که در فضای امنیتی، نشاط و امیدواری در محیط های دانشجویی سرکوب می شود.
دو شهر استان گردشگری می شوند
وی همچنین با بیان اینکه خدمات می تواند محور توسعه کرمانشاه قرار بگیرد افزود: شاه بیت خدمات گردشگری است و ما در این محور بی برنامه نبوده ایم رایزنی شده که دو شهر استان در سال ۱۴۰۰ به عنوان شهر گردشگری مطرح شوند چرا که کرمانشاه در موضوع گردشگری ظرفیت فراوانی درد.
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تمام حقوق این سایت متعلق به پایگاه خبری-تحلیلی "خبر ۱۹" میباشد.به گزارش«نبض انرژی»براساس طرح جامع فاضلاب تهران، کل فاضلاب این شهر پس از جمع آوری باید در ۲۰ واحدتصفیه خانه به صورت متمرکز و غیرمتمرکز مورد تصفیه و پالایش قرار گیرد.
پس از انجام مطالعات و بررسی های علمی، موقعیت این ۲۰ واحد تصفیه خانه در هفت نقطه مختلف تهران در نظر گرفته شد و براین اساس پنج تصفیهخانه در اطراف پایتخت، یک تصفیهخانه در مرکز و تصفیهخانه شهرک غرب در شمال غرب ارتقای ظرفیت می یابد.
تصفیه خانه فاضلاب جنوب تهران بی شک مهمترین و بزرگترین تصفیه خانه در ایران است که تکمیل ۲ فاز پایانی آن در دولت سیزدهم در حال انجام است؛ این طرح بزرگ ملی ۱۷ منطقه از ۲۲ منطقه شهرداری تهران با جمعیتی بالغ بر چهار میلیون و ۲۰۰ هزار نفر را تحت پوشش خود قرار خواهد داد.
بنابرگفته متولیان امر، با بهرهبرداری کامل تصفیه خانه فاضلاب جنوب تهران سالانه ۸۴ میلیون مترمکعب به ظرفیت تولید پساب استان تهران اضافه می شود و از این مهم برای استفاده در بخش کشاورزی و صنعت استفاده خواهد شد.
در حال حاضر به طور متوسط میزان فاضلاب تولیدی در حدود ۶۷۵ هزار متر مکعب در شبانه روز است و این ۶ واحد در سال توان تولید بیش از۲۴۰ میلیون مترمکعب پساب را دارند.
این پساب میتواند آب مورد نیاز کشاورزی دشتهای پایین دست تهران را که هم اکنون یا آب ندارند یا با آب سطحی و یا فاضلاب خام آبیاری میشوند، تامین کند.
بدنیست بدانیم تکمیل فاز ۷ و ۸ تصفیه خانه جنوب تهران از مصوبات سفر رئیس جمهور به شهرری است که ۲۰۰۰ میلیارد تومان اعتبار برای آن در نظر گرفته شده است.
آیت الله دکتر سید ابراهیم رئیسی بهمن ۱۴۰۱ در راس هیاتی از دولتمردان به دیار قبله تهران آمد و در جریان بازدید از مراحل تکمیل این طرح قرار گرفت.
رئیس جمهور معاون اجرایی خود و استاندار تهران را به تسریع در تامین و تخصیص بودجه این طرح با مشارکت دادن بخش خصوصی و همچنین منابع داخلی مکلف کرد.
آیت الله دکتر سید ابراهیم رئیسی همچنین با تعدادی از کارگران این
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ات علمی و مدیران و مسوولان پژوهشکده سرطان معتمد برگزار شد، با تقدیر از تنوع فعالیت های ارزشمند این پژوهشکده به خصوص در حوزه ویروس درمانی و ژن درمانی سرطان، تاکید کرد: این مجموعه را به لحاظ بهره مندی کامل از دانش فنی، نیروی انسانی متخصص و انگیزه و اشتیاق مسوولین آن، بهترین بستر برای ایجاد مرکز ملی فناوری های راهبردی ویروسی ذیل جهاددانشگاهی و در جهت اولویت های راهبردی کشور می دانم که باید هرچه سریع تر برای راه اندازی آن اقدام شود.
وی بر انجام سه فعالیت اصلی مرکز ملی فناوری های راهبردی ویروسی تاکید کرد و افزود: "تولید صنعتی ویروس های آنکولاکتیک برای ویروس درمانی سرطان های صعب العلاج، تولید ناقل های ژنتیکی و ویروسی برای ژن درمانی و سلول درمانی و توسعه سیستم های دفاعی کشور در مقابله با تهدیدات زیستی " از مهم ترین وظایف و مسوولیت های مرکز ملی فناوری های راهبردی ویروسی به شمار می رود که باید با اهتمام ویژه در ایجاد و راه اندازی آن اقدام کرد.
به گزارش پژوهشکده سرطان معتمد جهاددانشگاهی، دبیر ستاد توسعه علوم و فناوری های سلول های بنیادی معاونت علمی و فناوری ریاست جمهوری در ادامه با ابراز خرسندی از فعالیت های شکل گرفته در حوزه سلول درمانی سرطان در پژوهشکده سرطان معتمد، بر توسعه پروژه های سلول درمانی سرطان به ویژه ایمنی درمانی سلولی با استفاده از سلول های کشنده طبیعی دست ورزی شده تاکید کرد.
در این نشست همچنین دکتر علیرضا جاوید مدیرکل دفتر تخصصی علوم پزشکی جهاد دانشگاهی ضمن تشکر از اعتماد دبیر ستاد توسعه علوم و فناوری های سلول های بنیادی معاونت علمی و فناوری ریاست جمهوری به فعالیت های جهاددانشگاهی و حمایت این ستاد از اقدامات انجام شده و طرح های آتی حوزه پزشکی جهاددانشگاهی گفت: این اعتماد و در اختیار قراردادن موقعیت های ارزشمند فعالیت های ملی می تواند برگ زرینی برای جهاددانشگاهی و کشور باشد.
وی فضای جهاددانشگاهی را با بهره مندی از حضور پزشکان و متخصصان حوزه های مختلف، فضای مناسبی برای انجام فعالیت های تیمی و بزرگ ارزیابی کرد.
دبیر ستاد توسعه علوم و فناوری های سلول های بنیادی معاونت علمی و فناوری ریاست جمهوری در ادامه از بخش های مختلف این پژوهشکده بازدید کرد.2018-09-14
آلمان می گوید که آمادگی کمک به بازسازی سوریه را دارد
هایکو ماس، وزیر امور خارجه آلمان روز جمعه (14 سپتامبر) اعلام کرد اگر یک راهکار سیاسی برای برگزاری انتخابات عادلانه و منصفانه در سوریه پیدا شود، آلمان آماده است به بازسازی سوریه کمک کند.
ماس در حساب کاربری توئیتر نوشت «در صورت یافتن راهکار سیاسی که به برگزاری انتخابات آزاد در سوریه منتهی شود، ما آن زمان برای پذیرش مسئولیت بازسازی آماده خواهیم بود».
«به منافع ما خواهد بود که سوریه یک کشور باثبات باشد. به همین دلیل، بازسازی لازم است. ما در این زمینه نقش مهمی داریم».
خبرگزاری فرانسه گزارش داد ماس به طور همزمان بر درخواست آلمان از روسیه برای متقاعد کردن، رئیس جمهور بشار الاسد و صرف نظر کردن از عملیات تهاجمی گسترده و حمله بزرگ به ادلب تاکید ورزید.所属类别：不锈钢制品
水槽成型工艺：一体成型技术解决了由于盆体焊接导致焊缝经受不住多种化学液体（如洗洁剂、不锈钢清洁剂等）腐蚀而出现的渗漏问题。一体成型工艺是一项特别重要的工艺，对钢板材质要求很高。采用什么样的工艺是水槽质量的一种明显体现。Tempura Sebze Malzemeleri3-4 adet mantar1 adet havuç3-4 adet kereviz sapı2-3 dal maydanoz1 adet salatalık1 adet yeşil biber1 adet kırmızı biber3-4 adet taze fasulye1 çay kaşığı acı sos1 tatlı kaşığı soya sosu1 çay kaşığı karışık biber sosuTempura sos için:2 su bardağı un1 şişe soğuk sodaYarım su bardağı soğuk su2 adet yumurta sarısı2-3 adet buzYeterince tuz
Tempura Sebze Nasıl Yapılır?Tempura sos için, bir kaba 2 su bardağı un, buz, soğuk su ve soğuk soda ekleyip iyice karıştırın, daha sonra içine yumurta sarısı ve soya sosu da ilave edip sos haline gelene kadar karıştırın.Sebzeleri ince uzun doğrayın ve hazırladığınız sosa bulayıp kızgın yağda kızartın.Kızarmış olan sebzeleri servis tabağına alıp yanına sosları ilave edin ve servis yapın.به مبارکی و میمنت، زوزه هم اعلام کردم که نسخه بعدی (۱۱.۲) از دسکتاپ پیشفرض کی دی ای استفاده خواهد کرد. البته کاربران حق انتخاب میزکار را حین نصب خواهند داشت ولی دگمه پیش فرض روی کی دی ای خواهد بود. (فارسی از لینوکس شیر)
کانونیکال هم شدیدا داره روی برنامه جدید نصاب اوبونتو کار می کنه. اگر علاقمند هستید بدونید یکی دو ورزن دیگه، لینوکس (یا حداقل فقط اوبونتو) چطوری نصب خواهد شد اینجا رو یک نگاه بندازید (انگلیسی).Türkiye ile Amerika ve Kanada arasında iş fırsatlarının geliştirilmesi ve çeşitli sektör ve yörelere yaygınlaştırılması için çalışan İş Konseyleri’nin Başkanlığını yaptı. İkili ilişkilerin Anadolu’da çeşitli illere, ABD ve Kanada’da çeşitli eyaletlere yayılmasına ve sektörel çeşitlenmenin sağlanmasına öncü katkılarda bulundu. Türkiye’nin ABD ve Kanadalı iş dünyasına tanıtımına yönelik web portali (www.Turkey-now.org) kurulmasına öncülük yaptı.功能：称彭斯和他的妻子在菲律宾旅行期间被抢劫...
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由于2017年度起计划对部分辐射量特别高的...
主要功能：谈及曾经的艰辛
软件名称：韩国国会以大幅超出三分之二的票数通过了弹劾决议...
马方虽然全力搜救
移民潮已成为澳大利亚最重要的经济发展动力澳大利亚联邦银行首席利率策略师扎罗德•克尔JarrodKerr在合著的一份关于移民对经济增长影响的报告中谈到
以挫败朝鲜的核武威胁韩国《国民日报》2日评论称
揪出来
从媒体拍摄的高尔夫球场外的照片可以看到
;观众的好评及热议标志着当代艺术作为这个时代的艺术发展方向已经越发明显据此次展览的策展人马一鹰介绍”“
这是一条可笑的新闻محمد الوندی سه شنبه شب در گفت وگو با خبرنگار ایرنا افزود: امروز پنج هکتار از جنگل کرخه حوالی روستای قلعه نصیر آتش گرفت که با تلاش نیروهای عملیاتی پارک ملی کرخه مهار شد.
وی ادامه داد: آتش سوزی حدود پنج ساعت طول کشید که برآورد خسارت وارده درحال بررسی است.
منطقه حفاظت شده کرخه حدود ۱۴ هزار هکتار وسعت دارد که هفت هزار و ۵۰۰ هکتار آن را پارک ملی شامل میشود.
پوشش گیاهی این پارک ملی گز، پده، کنار، توت خودرو، بید، کنارک و دیگر درختان است.
منبعLa messa a fuoco in Fotografia – seconda parte
Abbiamo iniziato a trattare la messa a fuoco in fotografia nella scorsa lezione. Abbiamo visto cos'è e come funziona la messa a fuoco, dal sistema manuale a tutti i vari ...
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Condivideremo le tue informazioni solo con terze parti necessarie per l'erogazione dei servizi. Consulta la Privacy Policyفصل بهار برای افرادی که از آلرژی رنج می برند دوران سختی محسوب می شود و بر همین اساس است که بسیاری به مصرف آنتی هیستامین ها روی می آورند. اما آنتی هیستامین ها می توانند بر زندگی جنسی فرد تاثیرگذار باشند.
اگر در پی تقویت میل جنسی خود هستید، گزینه های مختلف از داروها تا رژیم غذایی و ورزش می توانند مد نظر قرار بگیرند.
به گزارش”اکتیو بیت”، موارد مختلفی می توانند بر کاهش میل جنسی تاثیرگذار باشند که یکی از آنها مصرف برخی داروهای مشخص است. در ادامه با این داروها که گاهی اوقات از نمونه های پر مصرف نیز هستند، بیشتر آشنا می شویم.
مهارکننده های انتخابی بازجذب سروتونین
مهارکننده های انتخابی بازجذب سروتونین (SSIRs) از جمله رایجترین داروهای ضد افسردگی موجود در بازار هستند. برندهایی مانند زولوفت و پروزاک توسط پزشکان برای درمان افسردگی، اضطراب، و دیگر مسائل سلامت روانی تجویز می شوند. خبر خوب این است که آنها می تواند نقش چشمگیری در بهبود خلق و خو از طریق افزایش سطوح سروتونین داشته باشند.
خبر بد این است که SSIRها سطوح دوپامین و نوراپینفرین را در مغز کاهش می دهند و می توانند میل جنسی را سرکوب کنند. اگر درباره مصرف این داروها و تاثیر آنها بر زندگی جنسی خود نگران هستید، بهتر است در این زمینه با پزشک خود صحبت کنید.
داروهای ضد افسردگی سه حلقه ای
پیش از دهه 1990 میلادی، ضد افسردگی های سه حلقه ای انتخاب نخست روانپزشکان بود. اما برخی پزشکان همچنان سه حلقه ای هایی مانند الاویل را تجویز می کنند. این داروها را می توان هم برای درمان افسردگی و هم درد عصبی مرتبط با زونا استفاده کرد.
اما ضد افسردگی های سه حلقه ای می توانند میل جنسی را از بین ببرند. مطالعات جدید دانشگاه کالیفرنیا نشان داده اند که این داروها تاثیر چشمگیرتری بر میل جنسی بانوان دارند، در شرایطی که SSRIها بیشتر بر میل جنسی مردان تاثیرگذار هستند.
داروهای ضد بارداری
داروهای ضد بارداری می توانند هورمون های جنسی در بانوان را کاهش دهند که در برخی موارد می تواند اثر منفی بر میل جنسی داشته باشد. اگر پس از مصرف داروهای ضد بارداری متوجه چنین اثری شده اید با پزشک خود درباره استفاده از گزینه های ضد بارداری دیگر مانند IUD که تاثیر کمتری بر میل جنسی دارند، صحبت کنید.
پروسکار
بزرگ شدن پروستات که به نام هایپرپلازی خوش خیم پروستات (BPH) شناخته می شود، می تواند آزار دهنده باشد. برای مردانی که این شرایط در آنها تشخیص داده شده است، روز و شب می تواند با مراجعه مداوم به دستشویی گره بخورد. بسیاری از بیماران و پزشکان به داروی پروسکار متوسل می شوند که با دستکاری در سطوح تستوسترون نشانه های BPH را کاهش می دهد. اما این شرایط می تواند به کاهش میل جنسی یا اختلال در تعوظ در مردان منجر شود. اگر علاقه ای به مصرف دارو برای مقابله با پروستات بزرگ شده خود ندارید می توانید با پزشک درباره انجام عمل جراحی صحبت کنید.
پروپشیا
ریزش مو می تواند تاثیر بسیاری زیادی روی اعتماد به نفس و عزت نفس مردان داشته باشد، که این شرایط به نوبه خود می تواند اثر منفی بر میل جنسی آنها بگذارد. بر همین اساس است که بسیاری از مردان برای مقابله با ریزش مو از داروی پروپشیا استفاده می کنند.
اما پروپشیا نیز نشانه هایی از تاثیر بر میل جنسی را نشان داده است. این دارو نیز به روشی مشابه با پروسکار در سطوح انتشار تستوسترون دستکاری ایجاد می کند که می تواند به اختلال در عملکرد جنسی منجر شود. از این رو، پزشکان درمان های دیگر ریزش مو مانند استفاده از روگین را تجویز می کنند که اثری مشابه با پروپشیا بر میل جنسی ندارد.
آنتی هیستامین ها
فصل بهار برای افرادی که از آلرژی رنج می برند دوران سختی محسوب می شود و بر همین اساس است که بسیاری به مصرف آنتی هیستامین ها روی می آورند. اما آنتی هیستامین ها می توانند بر زندگی جنسی فرد تاثیرگذار باشند. خبر خوب این است که اثر آنتی هیستامن ها بلند مدت نیست و چیزی حدود 12 ساعت یا کمتر طول می کشد. بر همین اساس است که بسیاری از پزشکان برنامه ریزی استفاده از این داروها برای همساز بودن با یک زندگی جنسی سالم را توصیه می کنند.
داروهای ضد تشنج
داروهایی که برای پیشگیری از تشنج شکل گرفته اند می توانند زندگی بیماران را نجات دهند، اما همچنین می تواند اثر قابل توجهی بر میل جنسی آنها نیز داشته باشند. خبر خوب این است که داروهای مختلفی برای کمک به پیشگیری از تشنج در دسترس هستند و پزشک می تواند نمونه هایی که تاثیر چشمگیر بر زندگی جنسی بیمار ندارند را تجویز کند.
شبه افیونی ها
شبه افیونی ها مانند ویکودین و اُکسی کانتین برای کمک به افرادی که از دردهای فلج کننده رنج می برند معرفی شده اند. از این نظر، آنها کار خود را به خوبی انجام می دهند، اما می توانند اثر منفی قابل توجهی بر میل جنسی بیمار نیز داشته باشند. شبه افیونی ها می توانند سطوح تستوسترون را کاهش دهند و از این رو، میل جنسی مردان کاهش یابد. اما حتی زنان نیز پس از مصرف شبه افیونی ها کاهش میل جنسی را نشان داده اند.
مسدودکننده های بتا
بسیاری از بزرگسالان آمریکایی از مسدودکننده های بتا مانند پروپرانولول و متوپرولول برای کمک به پیشگیری از تشدید بیماری های جدی قلبی استفاده می کنند. متاسفانه این مسدودکننده های بتا می توانند اثر چشمگیری بر میل جنسی داشته باشند. خبر خوب این است که انواع مختلفی از مسدودکننده های بتا در دسترس هستند و اگر با مصرف یک نمونه از آنها فردی کاهش میل جنسی خود را تجربه کند می تواند با مشورت پزشک یک گزینه درمانی دیگر را انتخاب کند.
بنزودیازپین ها
بنزودیازپین ها مانند زاناکس اغلب برای کمک به افراد مبتلا به اضطراب شدید – شرایطی که به صورت مستقیم بر میل جنسی تاثیرگذار است – تجویز می شوند. بنزودیازپین ها گروهی از داروهای تجویزی هستند که برای کمک به کسب آرامش و کاهش تنش عضلانی از طریق دستکاری در سیستم عصبی مرکزی طراحی شده اند.
با این وجود، بنزودیازپین ها می توانند میل جنسی را نیز کاهش دهند و از دیگر عوارض جانبی آنها می توان به سرگیجه، خواب آلودگی، ناراحتی معده و تاری دید اشاره کرد. افرادی که بنزودیازپین ها را مصرف می کنند می توانند تحریک پذیری، حالت تهوع، و عدم تمایل برای رابطه جنسی را تجربه کنند.
منبع: عصرایرانQuestion is related to chess computing about number of possible moves in chess.
I'm not talking about the number of possible positions but about the number of ways a piece can go from one square to any other.
A piece can be on any one of the 64 squares and (approximately) it can go to any other. Thus, the number of possible moves are
64*64 = 4,096. This is clearly an overestimate. In other words, what's the actual number of "from square" and "to square" combinations?
For the square
a1, there are 23 possible from - to combinations. Because a knight can go to two squares and a queen can go to twenty one squares (the other pieces don't add any).Puma ritorna nel mondo della pallacanestro dopo oltre 20 anni di assenza e lo fa entrando dalla porta principale. Puma ha messo sotto contratto due dei migliori prospetti del prossimo Draft NBA, DeAndre Ayton e Marvin Bagley III.
Jay-Z sarà il Presidente e Creative Director della Puma Basketball, incaricato quindi di riportare Puma in cima nel mondo della pallacanestro. Jay-Z sarà il leader del brand per quanto riguarda l’ambito creativo e marketing ed avrà un ruolo attivo nella ricerca dei migliori giocatori/prospetti NBA da mettere sotto contratto per Puma.
Walt “Clyde” Frazier ha firmato un contratto a vita con Puma, il quale prevede una modernizzazione della scarpa indossata dallo stesso Frazier nel 1973.
Vince Carter fu l’ultimo atleta a firmare un contratto decennale con Puma, oltre 20 anni fa, interrotto poi dopo solo due anni di attività.Original Research ARTICLE
Virtual Reality-Based Center of Mass-Assisted Personalized Balance Training System
- 1Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, India
- 2INRIA Camin team and LIRMM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- 3Conacyt-Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
- 4AMRI Institute of Neuroscience, Kolkata, India
- 5Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
- 6Department of Robotics, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
Poststroke hemiplegic patients often show altered weight distribution with balance disorders, increasing their risk of fall. Conventional balance training, though powerful, suffers from scarcity of trained therapists, frequent visits to clinics to get therapy, one-on-one therapy sessions, and monotony of repetitive exercise tasks. Thus, technology-assisted balance rehabilitation can be an alternative solution. Here, we chose virtual reality as a technology-based platform to develop motivating balance tasks. This platform was augmented with off-the-shelf available sensors such as Nintendo Wii balance board and Kinect to estimate one’s center of mass (CoM). The virtual reality-based CoM-assisted balance tasks (Virtual CoMBaT) was designed to be adaptive to one’s individualized weight-shifting capability quantified through CoM displacement. Participants were asked to interact with Virtual CoMBaT that offered tasks of varying challenge levels while adhering to ankle strategy for weight shifting. To facilitate the patients to use ankle strategy during weight-shifting, we designed a heel lift detection module. A usability
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perdere peso, una meta analisi condotta nel 2015 e pubblicata su The Lancet ha rilevato che, viste le diete a basso contenuto di grassi ea basso contenuto di carboidrati, avevano tassi di successo simili. Le persone hanno perso più peso all’inizio delle diete povere di carboidrati, ma dopo un anno si trovavano tutte in luoghi simili.
Buona fonte di sostanze nutritive
Frutta e verdura intere e non trasformate sono ben note per il loro contenuto di nutrienti. Alcuni sono addirittura considerati superalimenti acausa di esso – e tutti questi verdi frondosi , patate dolci e brillanti , bacche succose, agrumi piccanti e mele croccanti contengono carboidrati.
Una fonte importante e abbondante di buoni carboidrati è costituita da cereali integrali. Un ampio studio pubblicato nel 2010 sull’American Dietetic Association ha scoperto che coloro che mangiano il maggior numero di cereali integrali hanno quantità significativamente più elevate di fibre, energia e grassi polinsaturi, nonché tutti i micronutrienti (eccetto vitamina B12 e sodio). Uno studio aggiuntivo, pubblicato nel 2014 nella rivista Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition , ha rilevato che i cereali integrali contengono antiossidanti, che in precedenza si pensava esistessero quasi esclusivamente in frutta e verdura.
La salute del cuore
La fibra aiuta anche a ridurre il colesterolo, ha detto Kelly Toups, un dietista registrato con il Consiglio di cereali integrali . Il processo digestivo richiede acidi biliari, che sono fatti in parte colesterolo. Man mano che la digestione migliora, il fegato preleva il colesterolo dal sangue per creare più acido biliare, riducendo così la quantità di LDL, il colesterolo “cattivo”.
Toups ha fatto riferimento a uno studio dell’American Journal of Clinical Nutrition che ha esaminato l’effetto dei cereali integrali sui pazienti che assumono farmaci per abbassare il colesterolo chiamati statine. Coloro che mangiavano più di 16 grammi di cereali integrali al giorno avevano livelli di colesterolo cattivo più bassi di quelli che assumevano le statine senza mangiare i cereali integrali.
Carenza di carboidrati
Non assumere abbastanza carboidrati può causare problemi. Senza carburante sufficiente, il corpo non riceve energia. Inoltre, senza sufficiente glucosio, il sistema nervoso centrale soffre, che può causare vertigini o debolezza mentale e fisica, secondo Iowa State University. Una carenza di glucosio, o basso livello di zucchero nel sangue, è chiamata ipoglicemia.
Se il corpo ha un’insufficiente assunzione di carboidrati o depositi, consumerà proteine per il carburante. Questo è problematico perché il corpo ha bisogno di proteine per produrre muscoli. L’utilizzo di proteine per il carburante invece dei carboidrati mette anche sotto stress i reni, portando al passaggio di sottoprodotti dolorosi nelle urine, secondo l’ Università di Cincinnati .
Le persone che non consumano abbastanza carboidrati possono anche soffrire di fibre insufficienti, che possono causare problemi digestivi e costipazione.During our research we have repeatedly discussed how important dryers and silos are as part of the necessary infrastructure in agri-food networks (see also previous post about the network of Spanish silos and our latest paper). In this entry I aim to share some of these thoughts with you.
Infrastructure is a major element of the global economy and manages the mobility of human and nonhuman entities through physical support facilities. In the case of commercial maize crops in Spain, since practically all maize is processed, dryers and silos become essential facilities to sustain the journey of maize through the agri-food system, specifically once it has been harvested in the fields and before it is sold to maize processing companies. The drying of the grains is a key activity for creating conditions for a good storage and further processing.
Dryer and silo infrastructure is very often found together in Spanish farmer cooperatives (which are at the heart of the Spanish maize production system). This means that, in order to dry it and store it, these cooperatives mix different types of maize produced in their surroundings. It is expensive to effectively separate GM, conventional and organic maize, so if there is some GM maize in the mix, the usual practice is that all maize is labelled as GM maize. In fact, we found that only a minority of farmer cooperatives in Aragon restrict the use of GM in their facilities and there are no specific dryers for organic maize either in Catalonia or Aragon.
Therefore these infrastructures exert a tremendous amount of power over both the possibilities for maize (e.g. for becoming an organic product for human consumption) and for the existence of different agri-food systems. Dryer and silos therefore act as a kind of gatekeeper in the journey of maize through the agri-food system.
Some organic maize farmers in Aragon have told us how the lack of existance of specific organic dryers is a huge problem for them, because it means they might have to invest more in finding an alternative, such as increasing transport costs to find a dryer in a different area that handles organic maize specifically; hiring a mobile dryer to come to them (which is more expensive), or try to dry the grain in the field (the viability of which is uncertain and subject to weather conditions).
Thus, it could be said that dryers and silos are political actants, as these infrastructures have a significant capacity for shaping both social and ecological realities in rural areas. They facilitate the existence (or lack of existance) of some forms of agri/culture over others, and can trigger explicit or latent conflicts among different agri/culture systems. For instance, one of the stories we were told was about a conflict between a farmer cooperative engaged in producing, drying and storing non-GM maize for human consumption and a local animal feed company. The former had been developing a strategy for convincing its members to not sow GM maize by ensuring them higher economic benefits. That meant that most of the local farmers were sowing non-GM maize for human consumption instead of GM maize for animal feed production. So the animal feed company tried to convince the farmers to return to GM maize by internalising and covering the drying costs, thus making it cheaper for farmers if they would grow GM maize.
Do you know of other rural stories in which infrastructure can be political?فردیس نیوز - رئیس هیئت ورزش های همگانی شهرستان فردیس گفت: دوازدهمین ایستگاه ورزش صبحگاهی فردیس در جاده سلامت شهرک وحدت راه اندازی شد.
به گزارش فردیس نیوز، یوسف فتح آبادی در این خصوص اظهار داشت: به مناسبت هفته تربیت بدنی برنامه های مختلفی توسط هیئت ورزش های همگانی شهرستان فردیس اجرا می شود که راه اندازی دوازدهمین ایستگاه ورزش صبحگاهی در جاده سلامت شهرک وحدت، از جمله این برنامه هاست.
وی با بیان اینکه توسعه و ترویج ورزش در جهت افزایش نشاط و شادابی و حفظ سلامت جامعه در دستور کار هیئت ورزش همگانی شهرستان فردیس است؛ افزود: با راه اندازی ایستگاه ورزش همگانی در جاده سلامت شهرک وحدت، 12 ایستگاه ورزش همگانی در سطح شهرستان فعال است.
گفتنی است در این مراسم علاوه بر انجام ورزش صبحگاهی و اجرای برنامه های فرهنگی، از سوی هیئت ورزش های همگانی شهرستان فردیس پیشکسوت ترین ورزشکار جاضر در مراسم، مورد تقدیر قرار گرفت و جوایزی به قید قرعه به شرکت کنندگان اهدا شد.Sosyal yardımlar
Dünyada neler oluyor, hangi yetim karnı aç uyuyor, neredeki insanlar yokluk çekiyor?Sena Kurt SAYI:07 / Kasım 2014
Yasal Uyarı: Yayınlanan köşe yazısı/haberin tüm hakları Turkuvaz Medya Grubu’na aittir. Kaynak gösterilse veya habere aktif link verilse dahi köşe yazısı/haberin tamamı ya da bir bölümü kesinlikle kullanılamaz.
Ayrıntılar için lütfen tıklayın.
Ayrıntılar için lütfen tıklayın.Children’s toys offer an opportunity for fun and developing skills. This is especially true of building blocks and similar products. From better socialization to enhanced problem solving, they are a no-brainer for parents shopping at a toy store.
Below are just a few reasons you should invest in these toys for your little one today:
- Motor Skills: Playing with blocks requires grasping them, then balancing them in a way so they don’t fall over. This improves your child’s hand-eye coordination and their understanding of balance and gravity. The longer they play with the blocks, the better they will be at building them up.
- Logical Thinking: Building anything is a matter of testing and improving. As your child tries to build something and it topples, they will think through why it fell and improve their structure the next time. For example, they may realize they need to build a stronger base in order to build taller. These logical thinking skills are great mental stimulation.
- Language Skills: As you play with your child and the blocks, take the opportunity to expand their vocabulary. You can work with them on the color, shape, and size of the blocks. You can even work on math skills with older children by helping them count, add up, and subtract the number of blocks they’re working with.
- Social Skills: Building something is a game that children can easily enjoy together. Invite a friend over and have them work on a project. Your child will learn valuable sharing and cooperation skills, which will be especially important to have once they start school.
A trip to Toy Box in Mamaroneck, NY, will be the highlight of your child’s day and is a perfect time to pick up building children’s toys. They carry an expansive selection for all ages and can explain how different options benefit little ones. Call them at (914) 698-7110 to ask about their newest products or visit them online.对于拥有10万粉丝的号来说，它的价值是由多个因素决定的。首先，这个号的粉丝数量是一个重要的指标，因为它代表了这个号的影响力和受众范围。其次，这个号的内容质量和受众群体也是影响其价值的因素之一。最后，这个号的运营方式和商业模式也会对其价值产生影响。
从用户角度来看，如果你是一个想要购买这个号的人，你需要考虑以下几个因素。首先，你需要确定这个号的粉丝数量是否真实有效，因为有些号可能会通过购买粉丝来提高其价值。其次，你需要了解这个号的内容质量和受众群体是否符合你的需求，因为这将决定你是否能够通过这个号来获得商业利益。最后，你需要考虑这个号的运营方式和商业模式是否合法和可持续，因为这将决定你是否能够长期持有这个号并获得稳定的收益。
那么，这个号的价值到底有多少呢？这个问题很难回答，因为每个号的情况都不同。一般来说，一个拥有10万粉丝的号的价值可能在几千元到几万元之间。但是，这个价值可能会因为上述因素的不同而有所差异。
总的来说，如果你想购买一个拥有10万粉丝的号，你需要仔细考虑其价值和风险，并选择一个合适的交易平台进行交易。同时，你也需要注意遵守相关法律法规和平台规定，以避免不必要的风险和损失。Gran Turismo 7 e il nuovo capitolo del famoso brand automobilistico dal gusto spiccatamente simulativo sviluppato dai ragazzi di Polyphony Digital. L'opera ci permetter\u00e0 di competere nei campionati FIA e nella modalit\u00e0 Sport guidando alcuni tra i bolidi da corsa pi\u00f9 famosi al mondo in avvincenti gare single-player o in entusiasmanti gare online contro altri giocatori.Un processore Entreprise Core di QSC ai comandi del nuovo Museo della Statua della Libertà a New York, sicuramente il simbolo universalmente noto degli Stati Uniti.
Simone Cifelli, Field Sales Engineer di NEC Display Solutions, ci illustra come ottenere un’immagine perfettamente a fuoco sia al centro che ai bordi in una videoproiezione.Dışişleri Bakanı Ahmet Davutoğlu, Suriye'deki gelişmelerle ilgili olarak, Suriye'de hala baskılar sürerse olabilecek her senaryo için de Türkiye'nin hazır olduğunu söyledi... ~|~ Dışişleri Bakanı Ahmet Davutoğlu, Suriye'deki gelişmelerle ilgili olarak, Suriye'de hala baskılar sürerse olabilecek her senaryo için de Türkiye'nin hazır olduğunu söyledi. Türkiye'nin Suriye ile ilgili pozisyonundaki değişikliğin neden kaynaklandığı yönündeki gazetecilerin sorusu üzerine Davutoğlu, Suriye'nin Türkiye'nin asırlardır bir arada yaşadığı ve kardeş bağlarla bağlı olduğu bir halkın ülkesi olduğunu söyledi. Suriye yönetimi halkıyla barışıkken bir yıl önce Suriye sokaklarında kan dökülmediğine işaret eden Davutoğlu, Suriye Devlet Başkanı Beşşar Esad ile en son yaptığı görüşmede, "Bizi halkınızla aranızda tercihe zorlamayın" dediğini aktardı. "Askeri seçenek ihtimali yaklaşıyor mu?" sorusuna Davutoğlu, "O seçeneği hiçbir zaman düşünmek ya da o seçeneğin gündemde olmasını istemedik, istemeyiz de. Ümit ederiz ki Arap Ligi'nin aldığı kararlar ve bölgesel olarak Suriye'ye yapılan bu telkinler karşılığını bulur ve Suriye'de daha fazla kanın akmasının önüne geçilir ve reform sürecinin önü açılır. Bunun dışında hala baskılar sürerse olabilecek her senaryo için de Türkiye hazır. Bu şu anlama gelmiyor, 'askeri seçenek kullanacağız' anlamına gelmiyor. Bu tür şeylere hiç gerek olmamasını dileriz. Suriye yönetiminin kendi halkıyla tekrar barışmanın yolunu bulması gerekir" yanıtını verdi.Teachers Should Not Be the Only Ones Responsible for a Child’s Education
Young children rely heavily upon their parents for emotional, physical, and financial support. But when it comes to support in school, parental responsibility is often ceded to teachers.
Early child education requires role models, educators and people of authority to help teach children and establish a productive learning environment. These role models include teachers, parents and other family members.
You Can Help Teach Your Child to Read! Here’s How…
Few skills are as vital to your child’s success in life as learning how to read. While it may make more sense to cede parental responsibility for teaching a child subjects like Algebra, Chemistry, and other advanced subjects, reading is a different matter. Reading is critical to child development and education because it opens the door to all other school topics, all books, and even the internet.
- Encourage a lifelong love of reading and learning: Work with your child to choose topics that they love and are naturally curious about. If your child loves learning about science, why not buy them some fun new science books, and even make up some simple science experiments for them! When kids are having fun, they naturally learn more and learn faster.
- Use any spare moments: Modern parents really don’t have much free time, but you can use free time like breakfast time, or driving your child to school to practice small amounts of reading. For example, you can encourage your child to read what’s on the cereal box, or call out names of road signs and locations.
- Work with your child’s teacher and reading curriculum: Speak with your child’s teacher to figure out what your child could improve on. It may be grammar, pronunciation or vocabulary. Together, find a way to help and encourage your child at home with fun learning exercises. You could try baking together, with your child reading out the ingredients and the recipe, or taking part in a craft project like making and writing cards for your child’s friends.
Red Cat Reading Can Help You Teach Your Child to Read With Less Time & Effort
I created Red Cat Reading to help parents teach their children to read in a structured manner that builds skills and confidence with every book they complete. And for maximum convenience, all of our books are in digital format so your kids only need a laptop or tablet to read anywhere or anytime they wish.
With Red Cat Reading, we use Leveled Books to build reading skills and confidence that ultimately leads to mastery. In addition to our books, your children can learn to read even faster thanks to videos, songs, and worksheets that help reinforce learning and boost confidence.
Unfortunately, most parents are so pressed for time that they may need a little help teaching their children to read. Red Cat Reading is here to help provide children with the tools, resources, and support they need to learn how to read in just 90 days or less.
So don’t delay: Sign up for your free account at Red Cat Reading today!È possibile monitorare le variabili degli eventi disponibili nel flusso di lavoro, inclusi i parametri esterni dichiarati. Per farlo, segui la procedura indicata di seguito:
Seleziona l’attività che segue la External signal , quindi fai clic su Log and tasks pulsante .
In Tasks scheda , fai clic su pulsante .
Viene visualizzato il contesto di esecuzione dell’attività (ID, stato, durata, ecc.), incluse tutte le variabili di eventi ora disponibili per l’utilizzo nel flusso di lavoro.离心水泵是目前最常用的一种水泵，广泛应用于民用及工业设备中，它的工作原理很简单，其利用了旋转活塞或轮子的惯性来吸入、压出、循环、输送液体，能够实现高效比价稳定的输送。
离心水泵的工作原理是，当它的进出水口的差压达到一定程度时，被吸引到转子中的液体会在转子热动力作用下形成涡流，水流的涡旋效应有效地把水液体转动和偏离形成压力，并带动液体通过离心水泵的出口，以强制性地增加液体压力实现对流体的输送。
其比较特殊的作用是可以把液体带动到较远的位置，并在运输过程中不改变水的性质。此外，离心水泵具有操作稳定、结构紧凑、耗能低等优点，可以实现自动控制、密封性能良好和节能效果显著等功能，因此在输送抽水相对高的化学液体，以及输送某种比较粘稠的液体时，离心水泵表现出色。
总之，就工作原理及应用而言，离心水泵在工业和民用设备中都有着广泛的应用，无形中为大多数设备的运行提供了支持作用。For, example Buddhists and Hindus believe in reincarnation and the idea of enlightenment. Both religions also have many literary works. For Hinduism, texts include the Upanishads and the Bhagavad Gita. For Buddhism, the Tripitaka contains a compilation of the many teachings of Buddha. The strict caste system of Hinduism caused many people from the bottom of the caste to turn towards Buddhism.
From there, it ended up in Japan. Buddhism went through several different periods
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اب که توسط مدیریت موزه در اختیار نویسنده قرار گرفته است
همچنین یک دیورامای منحصر به فرد در نمایشگاه موزه وجود دارد - مدلی ساخته شده توسط محکومان تبعیدی اوایل قرن بیستم، که جشنواره معروف خرس آینو را به تصویر می کشد. علاوه بر این، منحصر به فرد بودن آن در درجه اول در موادی است که از آن ساخته شده است. این نان سیاه معمولی ما است که اتفاقاً یک ماده عالی برای مدل سازی است. این هم یک بنای تاریخی است و هم اطلاعات خوبی برای سازمان دهندگان کسب و کارهای کوچک که می توانند درباره آن فکر کنند. "تندیس های نان بر اساس فناوری محکومان روسی از ساخالین در آغاز قرن بیستم" - تبلیغات در هر کجا، درست است؟ و در اینجا می توانید مجموعه های کاملی از چهره های "نمایشگاه روسی، حمام روسی" و "روشن مذهبی" و همه همان آینو - "نسخه دقیقی از دیورامای اوایل قرن بیستم ... از موزه در ساخالین" و خیلی خیلی بیشتر در بهترین سنت های فرهنگ اصیل روسیه!
کوریلتس (به احتمال زیاد، عین بود). موزه دولتی روسیه مجسمه هایی از سری "مردم روسیه". چینی، رنگ آمیزی پلی کروم، تذهیب، نقره کاری. 1780-1790 طراحی شده توسط Jacques-Dominique Rachette. عکس آناستازیا تیموفیوا
و اکنون، نه تنها سنت های شفاهی، بلکه شواهد مادی نیز تأیید می کند که آینو در گذشته، و از نظر تاریخی نه چندان دور، در ساخالین و در بسیاری از جزایر کوریل زندگی می کردند.
PS مدیریت سایت و شخص نویسنده مطالب از مدیریت موزه فرهنگ های محلی ساخالین برای اجازه استفاده از مواد عکاسی آنها تشکر می کنند.The bluebell flower – which is often confused with the hyacinth – is native to the British Isles, as well as Belgium, the Netherlands and areas of France. It is a member of the hyacinthaceae family, and is a spring growing, perennial plant that has been subject to extensive hybridization. The flowers grow from long, slender stems that typically nod in one direction. The blossoms themselves are actinomorphic, meaning they have a distinctive bell shape, which is generally a deep blue, or purple blue shade. The hybrids of this flower may have upright stems, flowers blooming on both sides of the stem, and may be seen in colors of creamy white or pink. Unlike the wild growing variety of the bluebell flower – which commonly has bright white or yellow stamens – the hybrid types may have cyan or blue stamens.
In 1981, the bluebell flower officially became a protected plant under the Wildlife and Countryside Act in the United Kingdom. This legislation is meant to protect the wild-grown varieties of bluebell from becoming extinct in the future, and it has – as of 1998 – become illegal for landowners to remove these blossoms and bulbs from their land for the purpose of trade. It is understandable why those living in the United Kingdom would want to save these flowers – not only are they lovely, but they have become a part of the culture and myth of the area. The bluebell flower has long had a connection with fairy life. It is thought that growing a garden full of bluebells is an invitation to them, and creating wreaths of this blossom – which you would place on an alter – puts you in their favor. On the other hand, it is said that trampling over a bluebell will make the fairies angry, and thus you may find yourself maimed or ill. It is also believed that fairies are able to ring the bell of this flower so as to call to one another. If a mortal were to hear this ringing, however, they would find themselves in grave danger of being kidnapped or killed by the fairy folk. Although all parts of these plants are considered toxic, many still feel that they have some strong medicinal properties. It is thought to be a diuretic and styptic, which has traditionally been used to cure snake bites. Research is also being done on this plant, as it is thought to be a potential treatment for cancer and HIV.
The bluebell flower was once associated with death; however, in more modern times these blooms are thought to represent gratitude and humility. They are often given as gifts to say “thank you,” or to express a humble appreciation of someone in either love or friendship.
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Leave a ReplyKnut Bergel Bergel itibaren Kurala, Punjab 144303, Hindistan
Emmy her zaman iyi bir kız olmak için elinden geleni yapmıştır. Ancak, dadı, Bayan Barmy ve sınıf sıçanı dışında hiç kimse ona dikkat etmiyor gibi görünüyor. Neden? Emmy bir gün sıçanı serbest bırakmaya karar verdiğinde, bu soruyu cevaplayan bir dizi olay ortaya koyar. Ben çok keyif aldım.
Meyer should keep writing books so I can keep reading them! Really interesting idea slash story.Energy Security and Policy:
Analysis of the Pricing of Crude Oil and Petroleum Products
RCED-93-17: Published: Mar 19, 1993. Publicly Released: Mar 29, 1993.
- Full Report:
Pursuant to congressional requests, GAO analyzed the pricing of crude oil and petroleum products under normal market conditions and during market shocks.
GAO found that: (1) although the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) no longer sets prices for crude oil, members' decisions about the supply of oil can still have a significant impact on world oil prices; (2) crude oil is a scarce and valuable resource that can only be replaced at a higher cost once current reserves are depleted; (3) there are few substitutes for petroleum products, and crude oil prices reflect the lack of substitutes; (4) the demand and prices for crude oil may increase in the winter because of the high demand for heating oil; (5) the wholesale prices of gasoline, home heating oil, and jet fuel are largely based on crude oil prices; (6) retail prices for petroleum products do not necessarily react to the daily fluctuations that are common in crude oil and wholesale prices; (7) prices for crude oil and petroleum products in inventories during a market shock will rapidly adjust to reflect their current market value, even if those products are produced or acquired at a lower or higher cost; (8) during market shocks, differences in the demand for petroleum products can lead to differences in how wholesale prices increase and decrease; (9) retail gasoline prices decrease more slowly during market shocks compared to crude oil prices; (10) the Strategic Petroleum Reserve released oil during the Persian Gulf crisis to relieve severe economic problems directly related to the increase in crude oil prices; and (11) the decline in crude oil prices cannot be solely attributed to the drawdown of the reserve, since the drawdown coincided with the early success of the allied air force against Iraq and expectation that the Persian Gulf crisis would soon end.浏览数量：0 作者:本站编辑 发布时间： 2017-12-11 来源：本站
碳化钨是一种超硬的人造金属。它是通过难熔金属（主要是WC和W）和粘结剂金属（钴和镍）的硬质复合粉末以及少量微量元素（Tac，Tic）的粉末冶金工艺制成的。
碳化钨具有高硬度，出色的耐磨性，良好的强度和极好的韧性，顶尖的耐热性，极好的耐蚀性等一系列优异的性能。特别是它的高硬度和耐磨性，即使在500℃的温度下也可以保持不变，在1000℃的温度下仍具有很高的硬度。
2.碳化钨的发展？
1923年，德国科学家卡尔·施罗特（Karl Schroter）首次提出了粉末冶金方法。即，将混合的碳化钨和少量铁族金属（铁，镍，钴）成型，然后在高于1300°C的温度下用氢气烧结。碳化钨开发已有90多年的历史，经历了几个重要阶段：
3。硬质合金VS HSS
由于硬质合金刀具具有很高的硬度，耐磨性，耐热性，耐蚀性和其他优良性能，硬质合金刀具的切削速度是高速钢刀具的4〜7倍，寿命是5〜80倍
特别是在制造模具和量具领域，硬质合金刀具的使用寿命是合金刀具钢的20〜150倍。
碳化钨工具可以加工硬度约为50HRC的材料，硬度高，但也很脆。因此，很难制成复杂的形状，通常是由简单的刀片或部件制成，通过焊接，粘接，机械夹紧等方法安装在刀体或模具体中使用。
4。碳化钨的应用
作为硬质合金的硬质合金，几乎可以用于任何行业，例如军事，航空航天，汽车，石油矿山，建筑，机械加工，电子，包装工业，时尚首饰等，主要用于切割和磨损。|Questa pagina è ancora da trascrivere o è incompleta.|
di parti, delle quali sovente avviene, che una ne cresce, che altri non se ne accorge; come accade negli stati popolari, e nelle republiche della moltitudine dei poveri.
Avvenga che un tale effetto molte volte sia cagionato dalla fortuna, come fu in Taranto; dove essendo stati vinti e spenti assai de’ nobili da quei di Puglia1, poco dopo la guerra de’ Medî il governo di republica vi diventò popolare. E in Argo, essendo stati morti nel settimo dì2 assai di loro da Cleomene Spartano, furono constretti quei cittadini dopo tale rotta a ricevere nel governo alcuni vili uomini. E in Atene avendo essi per terra fatto male, li nobili vi vennero a poco numero, per andare ancora essi fuori alla guerra per proporzione ne’ tempi, che ei combattevano con gli Spartani. E questo medesimo ancora accade negli stati popolari, ma più di rado, perchè se quivi li ricchi vi diventano più di numero, o che le facultà vi creschino, quegli stati si mutano in istati stretti, o potentati.
Mutansi ancora i governi senza sedizione mediante la vergogna3, come avvenne in Erea, perchè quivi per tale cagione in cambio d’eleggere li magistrati ei gli traevono, e la cagione fu, che egli eleggevono uomini di che e’ si vergognavano.
E mutansi mediante la neglezione, cioè quando ei lasciano per straccurataggine essere nei magistrati supremi quei che non sieno amici di quel governo, siccome avvenne in Oreo, dove si dissolvette quello stato de’ pochi potenti: essendo in magistrato Eracleodoro, che di stato di pochi lo fece republica, e popolare.
Mutansi ancora per li minimi. Io dico minimi, perchè molte volte l’uomo non si accorge d’una gran mutazione fatta nello
- Nel combattimento contro i Japigi.
- Dopo la disfatta del sette.
- I brogli elettorali.在遥远的玛法大陆，有一个神秘的传奇私服，名叫“我本沉默”。在这个私服里，有一个沉默寡言的勇士，名叫兜兜。兜兜沉默寡言，但他的实力却深不可测，他的传奇故事在玛法大陆上流传着。
兜兜出生在一个普通的村庄，他的父母都是普通的村民。然而，在兜兜出生的那天，村庄里发生了一件奇怪的事情。那天，原本晴朗的天空突然变得乌云密布，一道闪电划破了长空，照亮了整个村庄。村民们都惊恐地看着天空，不知道发生了什么事。就在这时，兜兜出生了。
兜兜从小就表现出了与众不同的天赋，他的力气比同龄的孩子大得多，而且他的反应速度也非常快。随着年龄的增长，兜兜变得越来越强壮，他的武技也越来越精湛。然而，兜兜却始终保持着沉默寡言的性格，他不喜欢说话，总是默默地观察着周围的一切。
有一天，兜兜在村庄附近的森林里打猎时，无意中发现了一个神秘的洞穴。洞穴里漆黑一片，伸手不见五指。兜兜犹豫了一下，然后决定进去探险。他在洞穴里走了很久，终于找到了一个古老的石门。石门上刻着一行神秘的文字，兜兜看不懂，但他决定打开这扇门。
他用力推开石门，走进了一个巨大的地下宫殿。宫殿里到处都是珍贵的宝物，但最吸引兜兜注意的是一把古老的沉默之剑。沉默之剑散发着神秘的光芒，仿佛在召唤着兜兜。兜兜拿起沉默之剑，感觉到一股强大的力量从剑上传来。
从那天起，兜兜开始修炼沉默之剑的剑法。他的剑法越来越精湛，他的力量也越来越强大。然而，兜兜始终保持着沉默寡言的性格，他不喜欢说话，总是默默地修炼。
有一天，玛法大陆上出现了一只强大的恶魔。恶魔带领着无数的怪物，入侵了玛法大陆。玛法大陆上的勇士们纷纷拿起武器，与恶魔展开了激烈的战斗。然而，恶魔的力量实在是太强大了，勇士们根本无法抵挡。
就在这时，兜兜出现了。他手持沉默之剑，默默地走向恶魔。恶魔看到了兜兜，轻蔑地笑了一声，然后发动了攻击。然而，兜兜轻松地挡住了恶魔的攻击，然后发动了沉默之剑的剑法。沉默之剑的剑气划过天空，恶魔瞬间被消灭了。
玛法大陆上的勇士们欢呼雀跃，他们感谢兜兜拯救了他们。然而，兜兜只是默默地离开了。他继续在“我本沉默”私服里修炼，他的传奇故事在玛法大陆上流传着。
这就是兜兜沉默的故事，一个沉默寡言的勇士，用自己的力量拯救了玛法大陆。他的传奇故事告诉我们，沉默不代表软弱，有时候，沉默的力量更加强大。
推荐您阅读更多有关于“ ”的文章One of the most appealing teachings of the Seventh-day Adventist denomination is their insistence that Christians must obey the Ten Commandments . . . all ten of them. They rightly expose the errant thinking among many Protestant Christian sects that claims, “We don’t have to keep the Ten Commandments for salvation anymore.”
Of course, as Jesus reminds us:
And behold, one came up to him, saying, “Teacher, what good deed must I do, to have eternal life?” And [Jesus] said to him… “If you would enter life, keep the commandments” (Matt. 19:16-17).
Given our agreement on this point, the Seventh-day Adventist commonly asks: “If you believe we have to keep the fourth (our third) commandment, why aren’t Catholics obliged to attend Mass on Saturdays instead of Sunday?”
Why not Saturday?
We can draw our first source from the the Catechism, which declares:
Since they express man’s fundamental duties towards God and towards his neighbor, the Ten Commandments reveal, in their primordial content, grave obligations. They are fundamentally immutable, and they oblige always and everywhere. No one can dispense from them. The Ten Commandments are engraved by God in the human heart (2072).
Thus, the third commandment is “fundamentally immutable” because it’s one of the Ten Commandments which Jesus said we must follow to attain everlasting life. However, the Catholic Church teaches the particular day we celebrate in keeping the third commandment to be ceremonial, or an accidental component of the law that is changeable. Here’s how the Catechism puts it:
Sunday is expressly distinguished from the Sabbath which it follows chronologically every week; for Christians its ceremonial observance replaces that of the Sabbath. In Christ's Passover, Sunday fulfills the spiritual truth of the Jewish Sabbath . . . Those who lived according to the old order of things have come to a new hope, no longer keeping the Sabbath, but the Lord's Day. . . . The celebration of Sunday observes the moral commandment inscribed by nature in the human heart to render to God an outward, visible, public, and regular worship. . . . Sunday worship fulfills the moral command of the Old Covenant, taking up its rhythm and spirit in the weekly celebration of the Creator and Redeemer of his people (CCC 2175-76).
Is there biblical data that concurs with this teaching of the Church? Absolutely!
St. Paul tells us that the ceremonial aspect of the old law—the Sabbath day itself—is no longer binding for the Christian faithful:
Therefore let no one pass judgment on you in regard to food or drink or in respect to festival, or a new moon or a Sabbath day—things which are a mere shadow of what is to come, but the substance belongs to Christ (Col. 2:16-17).
Clearly, the Sabbath is “a mere shadow,” that is, fleeting by nature. And “shadow” (Greek: skian) is the same word used by the inspired author of Hebrews for the animal sacrifices of the Old Covenant—also no longer binding on Christians.
For the law, having but a shadow (Greek: skian) of the good things to come, and not the exact image of the objects, is never able by the sacrifices which they offer continually, year after year the same, to perfect those who draw near (Heb. 10:1).
Moreover, it is important to note how St. Paul uses the same division of “festivals” (annual holy days), “new moons” (monthly holy days), and “Sabbaths” (the weekly holy days) that the Old Testament uses in I Chr. 23:31, II Chr. 2:4, 8:12-13, 31:3, and elsewhere, when referencing Jewish holy days. Clearly, along with the yearly and monthly holy days—which no Christian today claims binding upon believers in Christ—the Sabbath is included in what St. Paul calls a mere shadow.
When St. Paul teaches Christians do not have to keep the Sabbath, he speaks of the holy days that were specific to the Jews. He is not saying—and does not say—that we do not have to keep any holy days at all. In context, St. Paul is dealing with Judaizers who were telling Gentile Christians they had to be circumcised and keep the Old Covenant law that had passed away, which would include the Sabbath and other holy days, in order to be saved. Some overlook this fact when they use St. Paul’s epistle to the Romans against the necessity of keeping the third
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, but the wrong one could wreak havoc on the body. Such was the case with thalidomide in the 1960s. One version cured morning sickness during pregnancy; the other caused birth defects. By the late 1980s, researchers had improved methods of synthesizing single enantiomers, which led to a revolution in pharmaceuticals. Suddenly, drug companies could reduce dosages and avoid side effects. Today, chiral pharmaceuticals are a $147 billion business. Lipitor, Zoloft, and Paxil are all single-enantiomer drugs.
Neither chemist, biologist, nor businessman by training, Levin was introduced to chirality – and with it, the inspiration for tagatose – while taking a biochemistry class at Johns Hopkins University in the early '60s. For Levin, it was a third tour at Hopkins; he received a bachelor's in 1947 and a master's in sanitary engineering a year later. In the mid-'50s, while working for the Washington, DC, health department, he had an idea for a faster method of checking beaches and swimming pools for bacteria. He added radiation-laced nutrients to the water samples. If there were bacteria present, he figured, they'd eat the nutrients and give off radioactive CO2, detectable by a Geiger counter. The experiment worked, but it was never widely adopted. "Something about the word radioactive scared the bejesus out of people," he sighs.
It didn't scare NASA. Levin persuaded the agency to bring his test to Mars. On July 20, 1976, the Viking I lander touched down on the Red Planet to gather data about its atmosphere and surface – and to use Levin's invention to look for life. The lander would place Martian soil in a container with radiation-laced nutrients. If microbes were present, they – just like the swimming-pool bacteria – would eat the nutrients and release radioactive CO2. If radioactivity was detected, it could mean only one thing: life.
Gilbert Levin made his discovery two decades ago; now a mass-market version of tagatose is finally within reach.
The results came back positive, stunning NASA researchers. The Viking heated the sample to kill any microbes and tested again as a control. By the parameters of the experiment, Levin discovered life. The problem was that two other life-detection experiments came up negative, as did a test for organic matter – a precursor to all known life. The official NASA line: Levin's test had been fooled by oxidants in the soil.
Levin still believes he discovered life on Mars. Twenty-seven years after his initial experiment, attitudes about the possibility of Martian life have changed. That doesn't mean anyone's admitting Levin was right, but he has become harder to dismiss outright. "I agree that his experiment found something very interesting," says Chris McKay, a Mars expert at NASA's Ames Research Center, who sides with the non-life camp. "We need to go and find out what it is. But I disagree that we can conclude already that it is life."
While the Mars experiment may be considered inconclusive at best, it led Levin to tagatose. Persuaded by NASA that he needed to improve his credentials, Levin returned to Johns Hopkins for his PhD in environmental engineering. That's where he learned that the body handles each type of molecule differently. It gave him an idea: If he could find a left-handed sugar, human enzymes wouldn't be able to process it. But would the substitutes still be as sweet as right-handed table sugar? A search of the literature turned up one paper examining L-glucose. The conclusion: bitter. Levin ordered some anyway and set up a taste panel at his new company, Spherix (n�e Biospherics). To his surprise, no one could tell the difference between the L and D versions. In 1981, Levin patented 10 left-handed sugars for use in foods and began looking for ways to make them. "We found several that were quite good," he says, "but we could never manufacture them cheaply enough."
For five years, Levin cycled through obvious candidates – L-sucrose, L-fructose – and found each too expensive to be viable. Finally, he decided to try L-tagatose, a rare left-handed sugar. When the maker accidentally sent him D-tagatose, he tested it. It was nearly as sweet as sugar, with similar baking and browning properties. By coincidence, D-tagatose is structurally similar to L-fructose, making it enough like a left-handed sugar that the small intestine absorbs only 20 to 25 percent of it. Translation: low-calorie. As it turns out, the perfect sugar Levin was searching for wasn't left-handed at all. But it took a lesson in chiral chemistry to find it.
Most crucially, the Spherix team devised an inexpensive way to make tagatose. Tiny quantities occur naturally in dairy products, and the process to derive it starts with whey, a byproduct of cheese-making. Lactose is extracted by removing proteins and then dissolved to form glucose and galactose. The glucose is sold off, and an enzyme is added to the galactose to form tagatose in bulk, either as syrup or crystals. Spherix patented the process in the late '80s.
Finding a way out of the lab and into the high-volume, low-margin food business proved daunting. Levin hustled for the money to build his own full-scale plant or find a partner, but talks with companies like Procter & Gamble fell through. Levin remembers the frustration. "They all told me, 'Once you've got the product developed and for sale, come back to us. We're not going to help you develop it,'" he says.
The longer it took him to produce tagatose, the more skeptical prospective customers became. Manfred Kroger, a professor emeritus at Penn State and an expert on low-calorie sweeteners, recalls, "People kept asking for samples, and Spherix said, 'We've only made one pound so far.' I thought the product was dead."
He wasn't the only one. Levin floundered for two decades trying to bring his discovery to market. Meanwhile, Spherix had to support his tagatose habit by expanding into a call-center business developed by Levin's wife, Karen. The company sets up operators to handle inquiries for government agencies and corporations. A handful of other Levin inventions never panned out. Today, Levin is seeking more than financial gain; he's looking for redemption. At the end of a 60-year career of near-misses, he hopes to finally silence skeptics in the scientific and business communities. "After all these false starts, as each year has gone by, it's like crying wolf," he says. "They're not going to believe it until they see it."
Levin whips out a set of keys, unlocks his desk, and rummages through a drawer. He pulls out a bag of tagatose-coated bran flakes and a chocolate bar, both creations of his Danish licensee. The bran is a little stale but sweet enough, and the chocolate tastes just like the real deal. He hands me a baggie of pure tagatose. I hold it up to the light, dab a little on my finger, and try it. A dead ringer for table sugar.
In a crowded sweetener market, it has to be. In addition to standbys like saccharin and aspartame, there are a handful of entrenched substitutes on store shelves – acesulfame potassium, stevia, and sugar alcohols like mannitol and sorbitol – used in myriad combinations to feed our ever growing appetite for diet food. The most troublesome competitor for tagatose is sucralose, sold as Splenda by McNeil Nutritionals, a subsidiary of Johnson & Johnson.
Sucralose is derived from sucrose through a process that replaces three hydroxyl atoms with chlorine, creating a crystal 600 times sweeter than sugar. Unlike saccharin and aspartame (but like tagatose), sucralose is heat-resistant, so you can bake with it. But it behaves differently than sugar. Foods sweetened with sucralose won't brown as well and they cook more quickly, so recipes may need to be adjusted. Splenda hit the market in 1998 and has since made its way into hundreds of big-name products (see chart, opposite page).
For Levin, the success of sucralose is a frustrating case of what might have been. He licensed tagatose to Arla in 1996, but it took five years for the Danes to obtain the FDA's "generally recognized as safe" status in the US – and then only as a food additive. It's taken another two years for Arla to build the first plant. (Arla obtained approval for tagatose in Australia, New Zealand, and South Korea this summer and expects Japan and Europe to follow.) And while Arla was seeking regulatory approval, sucralose came to market.
When tagatose finally hits the mainstream, it will offer distinct advantages over its competitors. It can be used as a one-to-one sugar replacement. It's safe for teeth, stimulates beneficial bacteria in the stomach, and has been shown to enhance flavor. And, as the only FDA-approved natural sugar substitute, tagatose avoids the anxiety about chemical derivatives. When studies in the 1970s showed that rats developed bladder tumors from consuming saccharin, the FDA proposed banning it, only to be overruled by Congress. Saccharin's stained image, though, has made it hard for other sweeteners to gain acceptance. The NutraSweet Web site's FAQ is devoted to answering charges that aspartame causes brain tumors, epileptic seizures, even weight gain.
Such public suspicion could give all-natural tagatose a huge marketing edge. The body might not distinguish between naturally and chemically derived food, but consumers do. Tagatose could hitch a ride on the same sentiments driving resistance to GM foods and the burgeoning infatuation with organics. The growing concern over obesity and diabetes could also fuel demand. A 1999 Spherix-funded study at the University of Maryland, published in Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, showed that not only is tagatose safe for diabetics, it also blunts the rise in blood sugar from regular glucose consumption.
"It's going to go from a very minimal production rate to really starting to take over the market," says Paula Kalamaras, who coauthored a report on sweeteners for the Norwalk, Connecticut-based independent research firm Business Communications Company.
Levin isn't waiting around. In August, he traded in his CEO title to become Spherix's executive officer for science, leaving more time for his new gambit: commercializing tagatose, as Naturlose, for use in pharmaceuticals and toothpaste. Spherix is working with an unnamed university to manufacture samples that use sugar to sweeten a variety of medications. To convince the drug companies, Levin will unveil Spherix animal studies demonstrating any number of benefits that come with Naturlose: fertility enhancement (one study showed high pregnancy rates among tagatose-fed rats), biofilm prevention (tagatose breaks up films of bacteria that form on teeth and medical instruments), and even anemia treatment (tagatose enhances key blood factors critical to fighting the disease). In May, Spherix also patented a technology to utilize the chiral nature of perfumes. Levin's idea is to replace natural isomers of fragrance molecules – which lose their effectiveness when they are eaten by bacteria on the skin – with their mirror-image synthetic counterparts.
"My dad is one of these people who would very much like to be respected for his scientific achievements," says Levin's son Ron, an MIT radar systems engineer. "Many people have invested in him and tagatose, and many people have been waiting a long time for it to be developed, so he is very much motivated to bring the investors through to success."
But it may take more than motivation. Spherix and Arla are tied up in arbitration over the tagatose license contract. The patent on tagatose as an additive expires in 2006, the two patents on production methods a few years later. Levin hopes to see his sugar substitute flood the market before then. And two new NASA rovers slated to land on Mars in January could show that Levin was right all along. Talk about sweet vindication.Go Back to Top. Skip To: Start of Article.تعداد زیادی گیتار مقرون به صرفه وجود دارد، برخی خوب، برخی نه چندان خوب. اما در مورد گیتار Rockburn LP2 چطور، آیا خوب است یا شاید باید به دنبال چیز دیگری باشید؟ Rockburn LP2 کاملاً بازار گیتار استارتآمیز اقتصادی را هدف قرار داده است. گیتارهای استارتر عالی هستند زیرا نسبتاً ارزان هستند و به شما این امکان را می دهند که بدون صرف هزینه زیاد، طعم نواختن را به دست آورید. مشکل اینجاست که گیتاریست های زیادی وجود دارند که لذت آنها از گیتار با ساز بی کیفیتی شروع شد و به پایان رسید. بنابراین انتخاب یک گیتار با کیفیت خوب بسیار مهم است.This is an Anopheles stephensi mosquito infected by Plasmodium berghei. [Institut Pasteur]
Malaria vaccines that consist of genetically attenuated parasites (GAPs) continue to evolve, with new genetic modifications leading to vaccine prototypes showing different capabilities. To date, most GAP vaccines have been engineered with mutations in housekeeping genes important for parasite development in red blood cells. A new GAP vaccine, however, takes a different approach, omitting a gene that expresses histamine-releasing factor (HRF). This new GAP vaccine, report its creators, is the first of its kind to impact the host’s immune response directly.
HRF-mutant parasites conferred mice with protection from any potential reintroduction of Plasmodium, the parasite responsible for malaria. This protection was long lasting, as it was maintained for more than a year, suggesting that a long-term immunological memory had been established.
Protection was effective not only against strains of different virulence strains, it was also effective against all stages of the parasite’s life cycle. Finally, unlike the standard wild-type Plasmodium berghei strain, which does not induce a cellular or humoral response, this vaccine strain not only induced a cellular response (CD4 and CD8 T cells), it also triggered high levels of specific antibodies that recognized parasite antigens known to be vaccine targets.
Details about the new GAP vaccine appeared July 18 in the Journal of Experimental Medicine, in an article entitled, “Protection against Malaria in Mice Is Induced by Blood Stage–Arresting Histamine-Releasing Factor (HRF)–Deficient Parasites.”
“Lack of HRF causes an IL-6 [interleukin-6] increase, which boosts T and B cell responses to resolve infection and leave a cross-stage, cross-species, and lasting immunity,” wrote the article’s authors. “Mutant-induced protection involves a combination of antiparasite IgG2c antibodies and FcγR+ CD11b+ cell phagocytes, especially neutrophils, which are sufficient to confer protection.”
The article’s authors concluded that their immune-boosting GAP highlights an important role of opsonized parasite-mediated phagocytosis, which may be central to protection induced by all self-resolving blood-stage GAP infections.
“In recent years, the vaccine strategy of choice using live, genetically attenuated parasites to combat malaria has received renewed interest,” note the study’s senior author, Salaheddine Mécheri, a researcher at the Institut Pasteur. “The HRF mutant is a promising prototype in this respect, offering a rapid, long-lasting, and wide-ranging protective effect.”An integrated multi-sensory approach guides instruction at The Diener School. Language arts, math, social studies and science are core subjects. Interventions by Design and Phonographix form the basis of the reading program to build comprehension and decoding skills. Read Naturally may be plugged in for students several times a week as needed. Framing Your Thoughts and Step up to Writing guides the written language process (grammar and sentence structure) while Handwriting Without Tears supports the skill of forming letters on paper. Calvert Math is the basis for mathematics and the Saxon Math program is brought in for additional math life skills. Vocabulary and major concepts are integrated throughout science and social studies curricula; thematic units help students derive meaning and purpose while exploring content. At Diener, our students are broken into small groupings for language arts and math based on skill set not age, allowing for intensive remediation in areas of challenge or enrichment in areas of strength. These groupings are fluid based on formal and informal assessments throughout the year to make sure we are closely meeting the needs of every student.Francese sesso e coppie guaritore e scrittore del canada sito di dating online gratuito di web log Piment Rose Nathalie Giraud Desforges dice quando siamo adiacenti qualcuno corriamo a prendere preconcetti vicino sostenuto su di loro origini Si appoggiano questi sono da tenere perché ci ar paura dell'ignoto qualcosa che noi neer jazz passato definizione se volete venire con la bontà o la cattiveria intenzioni Sua Una stanza di gomito a rassicurare e a prepararci per qualcosa che abbiamo mai incontrato prima
Credo che Artium Magister semplicemente cercando per qualche rinforzo positivo o circa incoraggiamento che questo rapporto si sta dirigendo lungo il modo di vivere a qualcosa di lungo termine e in canada on-line incontri sito gratuito possibilmente perm. Ci sono dei "passi falsi" importanti che posso evitare che potrebbero davvero rovinare tutto? Voglio avere axerophthol timbro postale conversazione con lui su tutto questo, semplicemente come faccio a livello impostato sul tema con lui?, Ho bisogno di consigli, o una guida, Oregon qualcosa desidera un "CLIFFS note lungo come non rotolare nel fieno fino axerophthol parentela importante a causa della percettività ignoranza per quanto riguarda il vostro significativo insolito."Si prega di servire!Sokak Tiyatrosu Terimi Hakkında Bilgiler
Tiyatro Terimi Olarak Sokak Tiyatrosu:
Geleneksel tiyatro yapıları dışında, açık havada, herhangi bir yerde, sokakta, parkta alanda ve benzeri yerlerde oyunlar oynayan tiyatro.Tümden siyasal amaçlı olanların bazıları çok sivri olduklarından bunlara 'Gerilla Tiyatrosu' adı verilmiştir. Sokak tiyatroları özellikle, genç tiyatrocular tarafından gerçekleştiren, kısa yoldan iletide bulunan ve gösteri süreleri onbeş dakikayı geçmeyen oyunları içeren topluluklardır.
Benzer Tiyatro Terimleri:
Siyahi Tiyatro: Afro- Amerikan tiyatrosu. ABD'deki siyahi azınlığın tiyatrosu olarak ilk Siyahi Tiyatro topluluğu New York'ta 1821'de kurulmuştur. Siyahi Tiyatro, 192
Arkalik Tiyatro: 1- Tiyatronun kaynağını ortaya çıkaran tiyatronun henüz örgütlenmediği estetize edilmediği ve herhangi bir betiğe dayanmadığı dönemdeki törensel göste
Tulûat: Tiyatro türlerinden biri. Sanatçılar, oynadıkları eserin konusuna bağlıdırlar;
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genişliğini koruyarak lisanslama maliyetlerini denetlemeye yardımcı olur.
vCPU sayısı, özgün VM boyutunun yarısıyla dörtte biri arasında kısıtlanabilir. Sanal makinede kullanılabilen sanal çekirdeklerin azaltılması daha yüksek bellek-sanal çekirdek oranları elde eder, ancak işlem maliyeti aynı kalır.
Bu yeni VM boyutlarının tanımlanmasını kolaylaştırmak için etkin vCPU sayısını belirten bir son eki vardır.
Örneğin, M64-32ms, M64ms ve M64-16ms'nin belleği, G/Ç'si ve aktarım hızıyla yalnızca 32 SQL Server sanal çekirdek lisanslama gerektirir. M64-16ms, M64ms'nin SQL Server lisans maliyetinin dörtte biri olsa da, sanal makinenin işlem maliyeti aynı olacaktır.
Not
- Orta ve büyük veri ambarı iş yükleri yine de kısıtlanmış sanal çekirdek VM'lerinden yararlanabilir, ancak veri ambarı iş yükleri genellikle paralel olarak çalıştırılan sorgu planları aracılığıyla daha fazla miktarda veriyi ele alan daha az kullanıcı ve işlemle karakterize edilir.
- İşletim sistemi lisansını içeren işlem maliyeti, üst sanal makineyle aynı kalır.
Sonraki adımlar
Daha fazla bilgi edinmek için bu en iyi yöntemler serisindeki diğer makalelere bakın:
En iyi güvenlik uygulamaları için bkz. Azure Sanal Makineler'da SQL Server için güvenlikle ilgili dikkat edilmesi gerekenler.
Azure Sanal Makineler Genel Bakış'ta SQL Server'daki diğer SQL Server Sanal Makine makalelerini gözden geçirin. SQL Server sanal makineleri hakkında sorularınız olursa Sık Sorulan Sorular bölümüne bakın.Batı bilimi ve Felsefe konusunda genel bir fikir uyandırma amacına yöneliktir.
Batı Bilimi, kendine has bir içerik ve metodoloji ile uygarlık alanında hızlı ilerlemelere zemin hazırlamış; genel bir zihniyet oluşturmuştur. Aynı konuda bir kitabı ve çeşitli makaleleri olan Prof.Dr. Korkut TUNA’nın konferansı bu konuyu ele alacak; söz konusu zihniyet üzerine de eleştirel bir değerlendirme yapacaktı.Vieni a festeggiare dal 1 ° febbraio al 28 febbraio 2018
Celebrare il Black History Month a Miami ha opportunità per tutti.
Assapora il centro storico, Little Havana, Little Haiti, Coconut Grove Village West e altro ancora con questi tour storici.
I fondatori Henry Flagler e Julia Tuttle hanno avuto un ruolo importante nelle prime chiese di Miami.
Paese in riva al mare con atmosfera rilassata e un po' bohemienne.
Appassionata e vivace, con una tradizione simile a quella di Broadway.
Visita uno dei quartieri storici più ricchi di Miami, Liberty City. Venite a vedere il quartiere di Miami sulla soglia del rilancio economico.
Cultura haitiana, musica indie, gallerie ed esibizioni.
Scopri la storia nera di Miami con questi articoli.
Overtown storico, Liberty City e Little Haiti si sono trasformati in comunità vivaci. Leggi di più
Sull'orlo del risveglio economico, questi siti sono un testamento del ricco ... Leggi di più
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Otto candidature agli Oscar e un Golden Globe come miglior film drammatico, "Moonlight" è stato realizzato ... Leggi di piùIn terms of music, underground is a concept that refers to genres and artists that are outside of the mainstream of popular music. For instance, underground rap music is not typically viewed as mainstream, and is not considered mainstream. This article discusses the origins of underground rap and explains how you can recognize an artist who is deemed underground.
What do you call underground music?
The term “underground music” is often used to describe music which falls outside of the mainstream music culture. This type of music often involves the use of unconventional instruments and sounds, such as drum machines and bass guitars. Underground music is a genre that is a little different from pop music in a few ways.
Unlike mainstream music, underground music is often made by people with unique musical tastes. Many underground artists create music simply for the love of it, with the aim of inspiring their fan base and keeping them loyal and satisfied. These artists treat their fans like family and get to know them by name. In many cases, they can even hold a decent conversation with their fans!
Underground music is often characterized by its distinct genres. It may include rock, electronic, and metal, to name just a few. It may also feature improvisational genres such as free improvisation and extreme metal. As the name suggests, underground music is usually not widely available or very difficult to find.
What is underground rap music?
Underground rap music is a genre of rap music without any commercial or label backing. The artists rely on independent record shops and college radio to get their music heard by fans and create a community. They often tour extensively to reach new audiences and gain exposure. They’ve been described as the purest form of hip-hop because they’re not affected by industry politics.
Underground rap music has a rich history, and its rise has coincided with the rise of online platforms. For example, SoundCloud has provided a platform for young artists to record their music and distribute it to a broader audience. While some SoundCloud artists have managed to sell platinum albums, many of these artists still adhere to the DIY methodology of the first underground rap movement. Despite the lack of commercial opportunities, underground rap music has managed to survive and flourish.
The music and artists of the underground are often more challenging and controversial than the rap music produced by major labels. As a result, underground artists are free to express themselves freely and defy popular conventions. Many of the best and boldest hip-hop music ever produced has come from this movement. Some of the most influential underground groups were Boot Camp Clik and Def Jux. Other renowned names included Pharoahe Monch, Immortal Technique, and Brother Ali.
Who started underground music?
The term “underground music” has a broad definition. It refers to a subset of popular music, usually outside the mainstream, that is characterized by the absence of commercial distribution. This subset includes noise musicians, experimental artists, and improvisers. It is also characterized by broad stylistic differences and general aesthetic ambitions.
There are many examples of underground music. For example, the late 1970s disco, considered a commercialized form of pop music, began as underground music. Before 1977, disco records were largely performed by nightclub DJs at gay dance clubs. Hip hop, which has a strong street culture, also emerged from the underground scene, with the first rappers beatboxing for underground labels. Many types of experimental and outsider music also have their roots in underground scenes.
Underground musicians were discouraged from signing with commercial labels and started working to build a fanbase. They toured extensively and performed at independent venues, but were rejected by the mainstream music industry. As a result, underground artists often have a distinctly dissentient sound.
How do you know if an artist is underground?
The underground music scene is made up of a wide variety of performers, from DIY guerrilla concerts and self-recorded gigs to artists signed to small independent labels. In general, the goal of underground music is to create a more intimate connection between the artists and their audience. Artists are also encouraged to share their stories and thoughts, so it is easy to associate with them on an emotional level. Underground artists can be painters, musicians, writers, and more. In particular, a rapper could be considered underground if his or her rhymes are socially conscious.
Underground artists tend to have unique sound and music styles that are not in the mainstream. While many underground artists don’t have the same commercial appeal as mainstream artists, they’re still talented and unique in their own right. The genre of music they specialize in is often very obscure, resulting in unique music that is hard to categorize.
How do I discover underground music?
It can be difficult to discover underground music. Fortunately, there are several ways to find new music and artists. One of the most popular methods is to go online. You can check out blogs and websites that feature underground artists. You can also look for new music on sites like SoundCloud. SoundCloud is a community for independent artists and creatives to upload their music.
One of the easiest ways to find new underground artists on SoundCloud is through music blogs. Aside from featuring top artists, these blogs also feature relevant content. This way, you can learn about each artist while you listen to their music. By following a few of these blogs, you’ll be able to discover new music without having to spend hours searching the web.
Another popular method is to watch TV. The biggest news channels, like Fox and MSNBC, have millions of viewers. While the competition for primetime slots on those channels is fierce, you can check out other channels as well. The underground music scene is made up of diverse genres and independent labels. Often, you’ll find new artists in genres that you’ve never heard of before.
What does a underground rapper do?
You’ve probably wondered, “What does an underground rapper do?” Underground rappers usually write and perform songs with a message that goes beyond the mainstream commercial rap market. They may have a unique style or good rhymes, and have a fan base in their own area. They may also be new to the scene and are still learning their craft.
In the past, underground rap was a distinct scene with acts and labels that were easily identifiable. But, with the rise of the Internet and online distribution, the scene is changing rapidly. The internet allows independent artists with unorthodox sounds an easier and more effective road to mainstream success. The underground rap community has now become a more nimble industry, where mainstream artists are adopting the same stratagems that were used by avant-garde artists.
Before the rise of the internet, underground rappers had to work to gain recognition in their own towns. They released their music through independent record shops and college radio, and did extensive touring to promote their music. Underground rappers were often told by industry execs that they weren’t big enough, and so had to rely on their own community to grow and become recognized.
Who founded underground hip hop?
The question of who founded underground hip hop is often asked. However, this debate does not end with any one answer. While mainstream hip hop has been around for decades, underground hip hop is still relatively new. It was formed in the early 1990s. Its ethos is that of DIY music and independent artists. The genre has also spawned a number of successful artists, including XXXTentacion.
Hip Hop began in the post-industrial South Bronx of New York City, with artists like Herc bringing an art form to the streets. During this time, the genre gained popularity and became the medium of choice for young artists. This music quickly spread throughout the borough and spread around the world.
As it evolved from the streets, Hip Hop began to spread beyond the city and became an international phenomenon. Its artists influenced the culture of the entire world. From its early stages, the music and culture spawned a movement of urban philosophers, poets, and visual artists.
Who is the biggest SoundCloud rapper?
There are a number of popular underground rappers who gained popularity after uploading their songs to SoundCloud. This German audio distribution platform allows independent artists to release their music for free and gain a following. While traditional labels can help artists gain popularity, SoundCloud has become a viable alternative for aspiring artists. Whether it’s Lil Uzi Vert or Nicki Minaj, SoundCloud has helped make their careers possible.
In 2015, Atlanta Trap artist Playboi Carti and fellow rapper Ethereal collaborated on a song titled “Beef.” The single quickly hit the charts, and a remix by Atlanta rapper Flo Milli put the track back on the map. The remix became an icon in the hip hop community. Another huge hit on SoundCloud came in 2019 with the release of “Ransom” by Lil Tecca featuring Juice WRLD.
One of the biggest SoundCloud rappers of all time is Tay-K. His most famous song, “Look At Me”, describes his escape from police. Tay-K’s music video was used as evidence in his trial, and he was eventually sentenced to 55 years in prison. Tay-K’s music is nihilistic and brutal.The Los Angeles City Council took a major step Friday toward making the city run on clean energy alone.
The Council directed the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power (LADWP) to develop a plan for going 100 percent renewable, including looking at where, when, and how the city should allocate resources to achieve that goal.
In the motion, Councilmembers Paul Krekorian and Mike Bonin wrote that “the city has an opportunity to re-create its utility in a way that recognizes the potential for a fossil-free future, demonstrates global leadership in its commitment to clean energy, and protects ratepayers from the increasing costs of carbon-based fuels.” It passed unanimously, 12–0, on Friday. (Three council members were not in attendance.)
Before the vote, Krekorian told the council it was an important step for the city in its efforts to help combat climate change. An effort, he added, that can be successful — comparing it to Los Angeles’ efforts to reduce smog when he was a kid in the 1970s.
“During the summer, we would have to curtail outdoor activities because of secondhand smog alerts. It is really noteworthy that we have made a lot of progress by then,” Krekorian said.
He also praised Los Angeles’ previous efforts to combat climate change, including switching to LED lighting, cleaning up the Port of Los Angeles, expanding electric vehicle use, investing in efficiency, and committing to eliminating the use of coal for electricity by 2025.
“Those were all great steps, but the biggest, boldest, most important thing this city can do to improve local air quality and reduce our carbon footprint… is to entirely eliminate fossil fuels as a source of electricity generation in this city,” he said.
Although some speakers during the public comment period of the meeting said the council needed to set a firm date on accomplishing the goal, Krekorian argued moving forward with a plan was more effective than setting arbitrary timelines.
“What this motion does is set this city on a path not just towards setting that goal but toward achieving that goal,” he said.
LADWP will now officially undertake a research partnership with the Department of Energy, local utilities and regulators, and area universities — although work has already begun on the project, city officials said.
Councilman Bonin added that addressing climate change is an urgent issue.
“Global warming is happening at such a rapid rate — and I represent coastal areas. Part of my district will be underwater by the end of the century” if we do not reduce greenhouse gas emissions, he said.Wisconsin schools are fortunate to have the support of government, philanthropy and private funding programs to support high-quality student learning experiences. The vision of the Wisconsin Digital Learning Plan (c2016) calls for equitable, personalized, applied, and engaged digital learning for all students. As Wisconsin school districts begin to implement this vision, they are encouraged to consider the following areas: instruction, learning, and assessment; empowering, innovative leadership; technology & hardware; professional learning and building capacity; and data and privacy. School districts in Wisconsin do not make this journey in isolation as access to additional funding resources and networks of experts are essential to support school districts.
State of Wisconsin Division of Enterprise Technology: Technology for Education Achievement (TEACH)
Technology for Educational Achievement (TEACH) is a program administered by the Wisconsin Department of Administration, Division of Enterprise Technology. TEACH subsidizes much of the cost to provide telecommunications access (e.g. data lines and video links) to eligible schools, libraries, and educational institutions.
The Wisconsin DET TEACH Grants page provides information, applications and technical assistance support resources from the Division of Enterprise Technology.
TEACH Infrastructure Grants
Information Technology Infrastructure Grants provide technology infrastructure to improve the capacity of rural school districts to utilize technology for student instruction. Only eligible, individual, rural school districts may apply. They are a reallocation of existing funds within TEACH. Infrastructure grants are competitive based on school districts with the greatest free or reduced-price lunch percentage. See current Fiscal Year for grant awards, eligible districts, eligible infrastructure and eligibility requirements on the TEACH Infrastructure Grant website.
Wisconsin Technology Initiative (WTI)
The Wisconsin Technology Initiative provides funding to K-12 schools to advance the use of technology in learning environments throughout the state of Wisconsin sponsored by the John and Tashia Morgridge Family Foundation. Curiosity, collaboration, and information-gathering skills, combined with a firm foundation of academic knowledge and thinking skills, are the tools Wisconsin’s youth will need to thrive and contribute as adults in our global, knowledge-based economy. Technology, combined with professional development, can transform the way people teach and learn. Interactive whiteboards change the energy and dynamics of a classroom, cultivating excitement and confidence in learners. We believe greater access to technologically supported instruction will improve the social and economic future of Wisconsin.
Wisconsin Technology Initiative website and grant application
Founded in 2000 by a high school teacher in the Bronx, DonorsChoose.org empowers public school teachers from across the country to request much-needed materials and experiences for their students. Right now there are thousands of classroom requests that you can help bring to life with a gift of any amount. The Herb Kohl Foundation helps to support the funding of Wisconsin teacher grant applications posted on the Donorschoose.org site at various times of the year.
Other Instructional, Digital Learning, and Innovative Grant Funding Resources
Other grant funding programs to explore are sponsored by other state education agencies and curated by the Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction content specialists.Monitoreal cihazınız için utility kurtarma programını indirin
İşletim sistemi sürümünüzü seçin.
Size sunulan utility programı kullanarak Monitoreal Security Assistant’ı geri yükleyebilirsiniz. Başlattığınızda, en son ürün yazılımını indirmek ve yüklemek için bilgisayarınızın İnternet bağlantısına sahip olduğundan emin olun. Aksi takdirde, mevcut sürümünüz yeniden yüklenecektir. Ayrıca, utility programın sisteminizde bir program olarak çalışmasına izin verdiğinizden emin olun.Incontro con Vladimir Shustov, Direttore del Centro della Coordinazione delle Ricerche, Ministero degli Esteri dell'URSS
Gli parlo della Jugoslavia e di come noi stiamo cercando di capire cosa fare. Mi dice che loro sono intenzionati a seguire una politica "hands-off", se gli Jugoslavi avranno bisogno di aiuto lo chiederanno. Stesso per problema Magiaro-Romeno, se la vedano tra di loro.
Gli chiedo se nella prospettiva di una casa comune europea lui crede possibile che essa possa essere governata, con l'URSS al suo interno, da un sistema non socialista e lui dice di si, anche se per
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