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The electric motor (EM) is the simplest and most efficient of all the machines in the world. It's hard to imagine why it would take them so long to be considered for mainstream automotive propulsion. Early EM-based automotive prototypes lost to the internal combustion engines (ICEs), which are a lot more complicated. There is the complexity of the construction of an ICE, all of those moving parts... In comparison, the EM has just one moving part, the shaft. And yet, ICEs power most cars and EMs are used basically to turn the ICEs on! Oh and to wipe the windshields also.
Perhaps the biggest reason for this is fuel. It is easy to fill up an ICE and ensure a steady supply of fuel. You drive your car for 5-8 hours and when it starts to run out of petrol or diesel, you pull into a pump where you 'recharge' your fuel supply in 5 minutes and get going. With an electric car, your recharge stop would be 8-10 hours by present standards. And while you might drive 400km on a tankful, the electric will run out in 100-150km.
But the EMs are coming and they're steadily overcoming obstacles. The inroads they are and will make into the industry will be based on their innate simplicity and efficiency, and the steady improvement of battery technology. There's help coming from environmental concerns, industrial push, electric vehicle racing and other areas too. We have discussed batteries before, so let us focus on the engines that will drive our kids, the electric motor.
EMs come in various forms and types but in the auto industry we primarily use the AC induction or DC brushless motor. AC, or alternating current, and DC, or direct current, are two types of electric currents, and it's AC that we get out of the wall sockets in our houses. DC is usually the preserve of batteries and the output terminals of mobile and laptop charging adaptors. The name AC comes from the fact that the current changes direction, usually 50 times a second while DC sticks to one direction. Since electricity conductors create magnetic fields, the DC conductors generate steady fields while AC ones produce a field whose polarity changes 50 times a second. So the choice of AC or DC for a motor is determined by the nature of the work we need the motor to do. And they're not interchangeable.
Despite having different applications, EMs are mechanically pretty similar to each other. There is the outer casing, which can be cast iron, steel or aluminium depending on the application of the motor. The casing is usually cylindrical and has a huge maze of distributed wiring arranged and fixed inside it. The free ends of these wiring loops, called the windings, are directed outside the casing to a small terminal box through which it connects to the electricity source. A metal cylindrical shaft - our sole moving part - is placed inside the casing supported on the end covers with ball bearings. Depending on the motor, the shaft can be made of iron, or a permanent or electromagnet. The shaft is free to rotate and has no direct contact with the winding or the casing.
One side of the shaft can have a cooling mechanism if needed while the other connects to the load - a drive shaft, gearbox or wheels, depending on the design of the vehicle. And that, literally, is that. The solitary moving part and simple construction make EMs extremely reliable, and their efficiency is very, very high.
Things get complicated when you start looking at how electricity is used to rotate the shaft. And that's our topic for next month.
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Formula to Calculate Alpha of a Portfolio
Alpha is an index which is used for determining the highest possible return with respect to the least amount of the risk and according to the formula, alpha is calculated by subtracting the risk-free rate of the return from the market return and multiplying the resultant with the systematic risk of the portfolio represented by the beta and further subtracting the resultant along with the risk-free rate of the return from the expected Rate of the return on the portfolio.
The formula for calculation of alpha can be done first by calculating the expected rate of return of the portfolio based on the risk-free rate of return, a beta of the portfolio and market risk premium and then deducting the result from the actual rate of return of the portfolio.
Alpha of a Portfolio Calculation (Step by Step)
- Step 1: Firstly, figure out the risk-free rate which can be determined from the average annual return of government security, say Treasury bonds, over a substantial period of time.
- Step 2: Next, figure out the market return which can be done by tracking the average annual return of a benchmark index, say S&P500, over a substantial period of time. Consequently, the market risk premium is computed by deducting the risk-free rate of return from the market return. Market risk premium = Market return – Risk rate of return
- Step 3: Next, the beta of a portfolio is determined by assessing the movement of the portfolio compared to the benchmark index.
- Step 4: Now, based on the risk-free rate of return (step 1), a beta of the portfolio (step 3) and market risk premium (step 2), the expected rate of return of the portfolio is calculated as below. Expected rate of return of portfolio = Risk-free rate of return + β * (Market return – Risk-free rate of return)
- Step 5: Next, the actual rate of return achieved by the portfolio is calculated based on its current value and the previous value.
- Step 6: Finally, the formula for calculation of alpha of the portfolio is done by deducting the expected rate of return of the portfolio (step 4) from the actual rate of return of the portfolio (step 5) as above.
Let us take the example of a mutual fund which has realized a return of 16% during last year. The appropriate benchmark index for the fund has book annual return of 11%. Further, the beta of the mutual fund vis-à-vis that benchmark index is 1.3while the risk-free rate of return is 4%. Do the Calculation of the alpha of the mutual fund.
As per the question, the following is the data for the calculation of alpha formula.
Expected Rate of Return
Expected rate of return = Risk-free rate of return + β * (Benchmark return – Risk-free rate of return)
- = 4% + 1.3 * (11% – 4%)
- = 13.1%
Therefore, Calculation of Alpha of the mutual fund will be as follows –
- Alpha of the mutual fund = Actual rate of return – Expected rate of return
- Alpha = 16% – 13.1%
Alpha Calculation of Mutual Funds
- Alpha = 2.9%
The alpha of the mutual fund is 2.9%.
Relevance and Uses of Alpha Formula
- The term Alpha refers to the index which is used in many financial models, say the CAPM (capital asset pricing model), to assess the highest possible return from an investment with the least amount of risk. Alpha is also known as Jensen Index.
- It is important to understand the concept of alpha formula because it is used to measure the risk-adjusted performance of a portfolio.
- It is also recognized as the excess return or the abnormal rate of return of a portfolio. The figure demonstrates how much worse or better a fund had performed with regard to a benchmark. This variance is then credited to the judgments made by the fund manager. Active portfolio managers predominantly strive to generate alpha in a diversified portfolio (diversification is intended towards the elimination of unsystematic risk).
This has been a guide to Alpha Formula. Here we learn how to calculate Alpha of a Portfolio using practical example along with downloadable excel templates. You may learn more about Financial Analysis from the following articles –
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from WordNet 3.0 Copyright 2006 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
- n. the northern tip of Cape York Peninsula at the Torres Strait; the northernmost point of the Australian mainland
Sorry, no etymologies found.
These southern lands and the numerous archipelagoes of the Pacific were invaded by the English, who had solemnly proclaimed themselves sovereign over the whole dominion extending from Cape York to the southern extremity of New Holland, that is to say, from 10 degrees 37 minutes south, to 43 degrees 39 minutes south latitude.
An intelligent boy of the Cape York Peninsula added a few thrilling details on an occasion, when, to allay his fears, his Boss had promised to shoot the “debil-debil” should the boy be molested.
It is stated that the blacks towards Cape York having secured the animal with a line attached to a dart insufficient in length to penetrate the hide and the true skin, seize it by the nose, and plug the nostrils with their fingers until it drowns.
The brave leader was killed by the blacks far up Cape York Peninsula while he was heroically pushing on to obtain succour for his famishing and weary followers.
We convoyed a land expedition as far as the Rockingham Bay in 17 south under a Mr. Kennedy, which was to work its way up to Cape York in 11 south and there meet us.
"I persuaded him to sit for his portrait (taking care first that my back was against the tree and my pistols handy), and we ate green cocoanuts together, at last attaining to so great a pitch of intimacy that he made me change names with him, calling himself 'Tamoo' (my Cape York name), and giving me to understand that I was to take his own lengthy appellation.
Somebody else said, "Steamers used to come here from Brisbane in those days-all around Cape York and right up the river to the landing stage.
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Computers are getting smaller and smaller, but a new device designed by researchers at Cambridge University is on another level. The breakthrough system may revolutionize the way students earning a computer science degree think about the industry.
The Raspberry Pi - just the size of a pack of cards - is powerful enough to run full-scale applications in high-definition or Blu-ray quality. Consumers who buy the computer may have sticker shock over its price tag: $25.
“Our dream is that the Raspberry Pi gets to a large number of schoolchildren and that a fraction of them learn how to program. They will become the next generation of innovators who will stimulate the economy,” he said.
The group that invented the product, the Raspberry Pi Foundation, promotes the study of computer science and related topics with a focus on making learning more fun.
The world's first computer, the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer, weighed about 27 tons and was about 8.5-by-3-by-80 feet for a sprawling 680 square feet. It had nearly 17,500 vacuum tubes, 7,200 crystal diodes, 1,500 relays, 70,000 resistors, 10,000 capacitators and about 5 million hand-soldered joints.
In comparison, the Raspberry Pi has a 700Mhz Arm processor and up to 256 megabytes of flash memory. The product is so different than much of what's currently on the market that the waiting list for it is 10,000 people long. Robert Mullins - co-founder and lecturer at Cambridge University's computer science department - told the Wall Street Journal that researchers aim for the computer to hit the market in mid-2012.
"We have seen a decline in the number of people wanting to do a degree in computer science,” Mullins told the newspaper. "So many people are afraid of their computers. We don’t want people to be a slave to them, we want them to understand them - and more importantly have fun."
Electronic devices continue to shrink before our eyes. In September, Hammacher Schlemmer began selling what it said is the world's smallest camera. At 1.125 inches long, 1 inch wide and 1.062 inches deep, the 2-megapixel camera is small enough to rest on a finger tip and sells for $100.
However, some spy cameras - such as the Super Small Spy Digital DC DV - say they are smaller. That camera has a volume of 1.102 cubic inches, PCWorld said.
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Source: Educación 2020
Segregation is when those who belong to a particular group (socioeconomic status, race, sex, religion, physical or intellectual capacity) do not mix with others different from them.
Chile is a very segregated country, that unfortunately replicates and deepens within schools, where the rich study with rich, and poor with poor, without mixing with each other or sharing the same education experience.
According to figures published in 2011, Chile is the country of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) with the highest socio-economic segregation at school level.
It is found that when the most vulnerable children in the classroom share with others of a higher cultural capital (children from households with a greater incentive for reading, with parents with higher education, etc..), Their learning improves. This phenomenon, called “peer effect“, is largely canceled in schools with high segregation.
An essential part of education is that children and young people know other realities, as a country built on diversity, so it is not known “different realities”, but they know “reality.”
Subsidized private schools that charge a copayment for parents deepen school segregation and separating children by ability to pay their parents.
According to education experts “shared financing aggravates the high social segregation of Chilean education, limits the choice of families (associating them with their ability to pay), and reinforces the selective and inclusive school communities. In return, has not shown significant positive effects on improving the quality and educational equity a priority objective of educational policy. ”
Another presentation of the Academic Center for Advanced Research in Education at the University of Chile, Cristian Bellei, the very high levels of school segregation in Chile “are not accidental. According to available studies, segregation of the school population is greater with the presence of private institutions and the more presence of shared financing in a community “(see presentation).
Therefore, Education 2020 has proposed ending (gradually) with shared financing to the extent that it increases school funding. Only to the extent that schooling is a real right to which all children can access free Chile, can we move towards inclusive education.
It is well documented by the academic world how deeply shared funding school segregation. Here some readings of interest:
Evolution of socioeconomic segregation of students in Chile and its relation to the Shared Funding (Programme for Research in Education, University of Chile)
Shared Financing in Chile: History, Evidence and Recommendations (Public Policy Institute, UDP)
The subsidized private sector in Chile. Typologizing and perspectives on the new regulations (Gregory Elacqua and Felipe Salazar)
Bringing the schools back in: the stratification of Educational Achievement in the Chilean voucher system (and Florencia Torche Mizala Alejandra)
The Impact of school choice on segregation and public policy: Evidence from Chile (Center for Comparative Politics of Education)
The study specifies that the degree of integration of the various socioeconomic backgrounds within a school is less than 50%, whereas the OECD average is 74.8% and top ranked are Finland and Norway with 89%.
The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) names Chile the most socio-economically segregated country regarding education opportunities. The annual report shows that private schools receive the most funding from the government and these schools have the least socioeconomic integration.
Publication Date: May 3, 2012
“How do you become a good teacher?” Those of you who know me from reading my writing already know my answer. The short answer, the simple answer, the easy to understand answer. It has two parts.
First, love what you do. Love being a teacher so much that if you had the power to be anything on Earth, pilot, astronaut, doctor, dentist, taxi-driver, singer, dancer, artist, musician, anything at all, you would still choose to be a teacher. Love being a teacher, that’s number one.
Paperback: 156 pages
Publisher: CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform (May 4, 2012)
Pecha Kucha & English Language Teaching
I saw my first Pecha Kucha over three years ago. It was when I was working at Universidad Andrés Bello at Campus Casona in Santiago with the students in the English Pedagogy program. I admit I’ve been fascinated by “Pecha Kucha” ever since that first time. I remember being very impressed by the performance I watched. There were a number of reasons for this. For now, let me share with you why I find Pecha Kucha to be so impressive and fascinating as a presentation technique.
Firstly, when we speak of our first time doing something enjoyable, it’s always a good feeling. We like what we like, we know what we like, and because of that, we return often, to what we like.
As you can tell by now, I like Pecha Kucha.
Secondly, its principles are easy to understand and apply. It’s fast, it’s efficient, it’s effective, it’s collaborative, it’s visual, it’s easy to prepare, it’s fun. However, it does require practice, lots of it, to do this really well. Practice, oh what a sweet word in the ears of any EFL teacher. Students practicing what they are going to say, again and again, going over their own words, to speak about images they themselves have selected. Volumes of practice, huge quantities of practice, helping the students to achieve the eventual automaticity that is the hallmark of mastery.
Having said that, of all the principles of the Pecha Kucha, the most important principle is this: images are powerful.
Images convey meaning and emotions. In fact, the whole range of the human experience can be conveyed by images. For example, think of the images left on the walls of caves by cave men. No one needs a cave man to verbalize what you are seeing. You feel it – through your eyes – to your brain – to your emotions. It’s visual storytelling. That’s what the Pecha Kucha is, visual literacy in its purest form…
The global search for high-quality education, embedded in high-performing education systems, has taken on mythical proportions, almost resembling the alchemists’ quest to turn common metals into gold.
It is my hope that the present day search for global education, equitable and providing equality of opportunity for all, shall not cease until the “gold” we seek, has been found.
I therefore dedicate this book to all the educators, researchers, parents and students the world over, who strive to achieve this elusive goal,high-quality education for all the citizens of the world.
In this endeavour, it is my belief that the International Baccalaureate merits a closer look, based on their more than 40 year history of delivering consistently excellent results.
I add that all of the reflections and views in this book are mine alone, unless otherwise noted, and can not be attributed to my employer or any other organization I am affiliated with, past or present. For any errors or oversights, I bear the complete responsibility.
Thomas Baker is the Past-President of TESOL Chile (2010-2011). He is the Head of the English Department at Colegio Internacional SEK in Santiago, Chile.
He is the Co-Founder and Co-Organiser of EdCamp Santiago, free, participant-driven, democratic, conversation based professional development for teachers, by teachers. EdCamp Santiago 2012 was held at Universidad Mayor in Santiago.
Thomas is also a member of the Advisory Board for the International Higher Education Teaching and Learning Association (HETL), where he also serves as a reviewer and as the HETL Ambassador for Chile.
Thomas enjoys writing about a wide variety of topics. Thus far, he has written the following genres: romance, historical fiction, autobiographical, sports history/biography, and English Language Teaching. He has published a total of forty four (44) books overall.
The source and inspiration for his writing comes from his family, his wife Gabriela, and his son, Thomas Jerome Baker, Jr.
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- A species worth defending
(© Mario Cea Sanchez/Minden Pictures)
Some people are quick to dismiss bats as simply ‘scary,’ (and the association with Halloween doesn’t help). But on Bat Appreciation Month, consider their valuable contributions to the ecosystem. Bats around the world help to control bug populations (including agricultural pests), pollinate important plants, and disperse seeds – helping to regenerate lands that have been overharvested or damaged. In fact, the truly scary thing, is how much we’d miss bats if they were gone. In North America, a disease called White-nose syndrome has killed millions of bats since it was identified in 2006. It has yet to be identified in Australia, but scientists are working hard to find a way to help bats recover. One easy way to help bats near you is to build or buy a bat box for property, providing them with a safe space to roost.
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The photovoltaic effect is a process that generates voltage or electric current in a photovoltaic cell when it is exposed to sunlight. It is this effect that makes solar panels useful, as it is how the cells within the panel convert sunlight to electrical energy. The photovoltaic effect was first discovered in 1839 by Edmond Becquerel. When doing experiments involving wet cells, he noted that the voltage of the cell increased when its silver plates were exposed to the sunlight.
The photovoltaic effect occurs in solar cells. These solar cells are composed of two different types of semiconductors - a p-type and an n-type - that are joined together to create a p-n junction. To read the background on what these semiconductors are and what the junction is, click here. By joining these two types of semiconductors, an electric field is formed in the region of the junction as electrons move to the positive p-side and holes move to the negative n-side. This field causes negatively charged particles to move in one direction and positively charged particles in the other direction.
Light is composed of photons, which are simply small bundles of electromagnetic radiation or energy. These photons can be absorbed by a photovoltaic cell - the type of cell that composes solar panels. When light of a suitable wavelength is incident on these cells, energy from the photon is transferred to an atom of the semiconducting material in the p-n junction. Specifically, the energy is transferred to the electrons in the material. This causes the electrons to jump to a higher energy state known as the conduction band. This leaves behind a "hole" in the valence band that the electron jumped up from. This movement of the electron as a result of added energy creates two charge carriers, an electron-hole pair.
When unexcited, electrons hold the semiconducting material together by forming bonds with surrounding atoms, and thus they cannot move. However in their excited state in the conduction band, these electrons are free to move through the material. Because of the electric field that exists as a result of the p-n junction, electrons and holes move in the opposite direction as expected. Instead of being attracted to the p-side, the freed electron tends to move to the n-side. This motion of the electron creates an electric current in the cell. Once the electron moves, there's a "hole" that is left. This hole can also move, but in the opposite direction to the p-side. It is this process which creates a current in the cell. A diagram of this process can be seen in Figure 1.
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Antivirus software is a program that scans your personal computer for malcious software (malware). This type of software protects against cyber dangers like viruses and worms.
A trojan is a harmful software that could cause serious damage to your PERSONAL COMPUTER, including crashes your computer or stealing your own personal information. It is able to attack any system through dubious email attachments and hidden UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS drives. You may also be at risk if you visit questionable websites.
The best antivirus security software programs may have good recognition rates and low untrue positives. Essentially, you should pick a program that gives multiple protection choices which is compatible with your operating system. Some programs will even notify you if your program has been attacked.
There are three main types of antivirus security: signature-based, behavior-based, and particular detection. Most software uses at least one of these 3 techniques.
Signature-based antivirus scanners look for the signature of an known disease when a new file gets there. In some cases, the antivirus is going to scan the file in real-time. If a data file is contaminated, the antivirus might mark it for deletion.
Behavior-based detection is a approach that identifies malware by analyzing how it can work. Most ant-virus software uses both signature-based and heuristic detection. Merging these two strategies www.scienceawario.net/5-best-free-antivirus-tools is a good way to detect and remove malwares.
Businesses, individuals with consumer data, are targeted by hackers. Cybercriminals are continuously developing innovative ways to panic the Internet. Each uses sophisticated ways of penetrate the body.
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The Nagoya Protocol, which came into effect on 12 October 2014, defines the international legal framework for access to and use of genetic resources as well as any correlating traditional knowledge.
It stipulates the benefits of using genetic resources are to be well-balanced and equitably shared with the supplying countries (Access to Genetic Resources and Benefit Sharing, ABS). The Nagoya Protocol directly affects those who work with genetic resources from other countries, whether for basic research purposes or the development of commercially relevant products.
Detailed information on what has to be taken into account by researchers/scientists is available from the responsible Federal Office for Nature Conservation (BfN), Bonn:
as well as from the Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety (BMU):
The German Nagoya Protocol Hub, or GNP HuB for short, helps people in the academic research sector in Germany with understanding their obligations arising from the implementation oft he Nagoya Protocol:
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Coral Gables, FL (February 23, 2010)For the first time, scientists have sequenced the entire genome of the pea aphid, a notorious horticultural and agricultural pest. The findings reveal the extent of the genetic collaboration of the aphid host with its bacterial symbiont, which may account for some of the extraordinary characteristics of this insect.
Aphids are among the first insects to appear in early spring on crops. They possess incredible adaptive abilities, and under optimal conditions, reproduce very rapidly. They live by sucking the juices of plants, and if left untreated they can cause plant death. All this means trouble for growers. Annual global crop losses associated with aphids run at hundreds of millions of dollars.
"The most important direct benefits to society from this project will come from the way the project increases our ability to understand the ways that aphids interact with their host plants, the plant viruses they transmit, and their bacterial symbionts. These aspects of aphid biology directly impact food supply and pesticide use," says Alex Wilson, assistant professor of biology at the University of Miami College of Arts and Sciences, and representative for the Americas on the Board of the International Aphid Genomics Consortium, who also serves as member of the project leadership team.
The new study by the International Aphid Genomics Consortium uncovers some of the best-kept secrets of this amazing creature. The study entitled "Genome Sequence of the Pea Aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum" was published online today by PLoS Biology. Genomic analysis of the pea aphid and its bacterial symbiont, Buchnera aphidicola, implicates extensive collaboration between the two partners.
"We found that the interaction of the pea aphid with its bacterial symbiont is far more intimate than anyone had previously envisioned," says Wilson. "We hypothesize, based on the genome sequence that they each compensate for the evolutionary loss of genes by shuffling essential metabolic products between them. Gene loss between the two partners is so extensive that neither one can live without the other."
Pea aphids are small, with adult sizes ranging from 4-5 mm, and are green or pink in color. They have amazing plasticity. Whenever overcrowding occurs; an aphid colony will produce winged females that migrate to establish new colonies in other areas. Able to reproduce both sexually and asexually, aphid populations can increase in size at exponential rates: when asexual females are pregnant, their embryos are also pregnant, so females can carry both their daughters and granddaughters, a condition called telescoping of generations.
The sequencing of the pea aphid genome, funded by the National Human Genome Research Institute, resulted from a collaboration between a team at the Baylor College of Medicine led by Dr. Stephen Richards and the International Aphid Genomics Consortium, a diverse group of investigators who work together to advance understanding of the genome biology of the aphid. This study has engaged 200 scientists from 16 countries in advancing research on an insect of scientific, economic and agricultural importance. "Having a genome opens up our world. Anything is now possible," says Wilson. "The genome provides the foundation. Now the hard work begins."
|Contact: Marie Guma-Diaz|
University of Miami
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The live achievements of albert einstein and his impact on the world of science
The culture of einstein achievements in science gave him a albert einstein’s impact on the world was so immense that any amassed about einstein and his. What did albert einstein contribute to science what did albert einstein contribute to the world a: albert einstein's greatest contribution to the world was his. The life/achievements of albert einstein by: of his great scientific career in 1921 albert einstein won the nobel he made a huge impact to our world as we. Einstein has left an immeasurable impact on modern science and infeld in his book albert einstein: his work and its influence on our world,. Unlike newton and einstein, who contributed to a wide range of fields, stephen hawking focused on cosmology where he made significant contributions ever since his.
Albert einstein is probably familiar to most people for his mathematical equation about the nature of who was albert einstein facts about his life and science. Intellectual achievements of the twentieth century, and had an impact far beyond the world of science albert einstein, the essential einstein: his. With an intriguing hairstyle and seen sticking out his tongue, the picture of albert einstein is one science would be lost without the of the world: ã‚â. Albert einstein and his theories of relativity and quantum physics is celebrated the world over einstein, essential facts about albert einstein’s life.
The einstein refrigerator is an albert einstein invention patented by einstein who became more famous for his theories on physics science technology. Albert einstein is popularly with the introduction of alternating current to the world, einstein’s father albert einstein has to his name a science. Albert einstein biography born in albert einstein – his life and i heard much about albert e not really a significant impact as i heard about him for.Read all the fun and interesting facts about albert einstein and discover how his contributions to the fields of physics and math helped the world of science despite. Impressed by einstein's achievements, albert einstein wrote a postcard to his the general theory of relativity made einstein world-famous and not. Albert einstein , science, one of his better known achievements is the very simple equation: what did albert einstein contribute to the world of science. Quick guide to albert einstein’s scientific achievements albert einstein: has become the world’s most in his later years he continued with science,.
Learn more about albert einstein with our easy science kids facts about albert einstein einstein wrote his first scientific paper when he was sixteen. 10 major accomplishments and achievements of albert einstein, 10 major accomplishments of albert einstein his impact is not just restricted to science it. Theory of relativity - the basics of albert although the concept of relativity was not introduced by einstein, his major this does not have a major impact on.
- And rapper and science and astrophysicist janna levin as they celebrate the life and achievements of albert einstein and his impact startalk live.
- All great achievements in science start from the time had already come when we must learn to live in one world in albert einstein: in his own.
- Albert einstein on: religion and science of the mind revealed in this world, devotion which alone enables man to attain his greatest achievements.
What did albert einstein invent find out exactly what he did to help form some of the greatest inventions known to man with this howstuffworks article. Isaac newton laid the blueprints for his three laws of albert einstein puzzled over how to reconcile newton's law of gravity with live science staff,. Albert einstein (14 march 1879 his intellectual achievements and originality have made the word einstein this model became known as the einstein world or.
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Sheep, a book-name for any individual of a genus (Ovis) of Hollow-horned Ruminants, closely allied to the Goats, from which they are distinguished by their convex spiral horns, beardless chin, the presence of sub-orbital glands and tear-pits, and of foot-glands in the hind as well as in the fore feet. Neither canines nor upper incisors are present. The male is called a ram, the female a ewe; the young are lambs, and their flesh is lamb; that of sheep is mutton. There are about a dozen species, chiefly Palaearctic, but ranging into the neighbouring parts of the Oriental region, and the Rocky Mountain Sheep (q.v.) is American. Central Asia is the chief home of Wlld Sbeep [ARGALI], whence they range to Northern India, eastward to Tibet, westward to Asia Minor, and northwards to Kanitchatka. There is one African species, the Aoudad (q.v.). Europe has two:- the Mouflon (O. musimon) from Corsica and Sardinia, and O. ophion almost extinct, from Cyprus. All frequent high and rocky ground, and are gregarious, a habit which subsists in the domestic species. The flocks are generally composed of females and young males, the older males usually living apart at a higher elevation. While the flock is feeding, sentinels are posted, and these give notice of the approach of danger by a sharp whistling sound, and then safety is sought in flight. At certain seasons desperate encounters take place between the males, which fight, as do those of the domestic species, by butting with the head. An old ram is a match for almost any dog. It has been suggested that a dog which had developed the bad habit of worrying sheep should be shut up in a ioose box with a sturdy ram, and that a few days of such confinement would probably cure him of any taste for mutton. No doubt the plan would answer except in the case of a bulldog, which would pin the ram by the nose and so prevent its butting. The Common Sheep (0. aries) was probably the first animal domesticated by pastoral man, and its origin is as obscure as that of the dog. We find it mentioned, however, in the oldest literature that has oome down to us; and the story of Cain and Abel - the tiller of the ground and the keeper of sheep - deals with an early stage of human culture. The sheep has been introduced from Europe into America and Austra1ia, and is now found wherever farming is carried on, though it attains its best development of flesh and fleece in the temperate regions of both hemispheres. In the wild sheep there is a short underwool beneath the straight hairy coat; though this generally is as rough on the surface as the wool itself and consequently felts. In the domestic sheep the outer clothing of hair is lost, and the underclothing of wool greatly developed. This is shorn yearly, generally in early summer, though the operation may be deferred till the middle of July, and in the autumn "dips" are applied to keep the sheep from parasites and promote the growth of the wool. Sheep, like other domestic ammals, have varied greatly. In the Highland and smaller Welsh Black-faced sheep both sexes bear horns, as do the Dorset sheep, though in the last-named breed the horns are small. In the Merinos, noted for their fleece, only the rams are horned. Most of the English breeds are hornless. In the Iceland sheep as many as eight horns are sometimes developed. An Asian breed, found also in Africa, has the tail greatly enlarged by fat, so that it often weighs from 70 to 80 lbs., and is supported by a kind of sledge; while in a Tartar breed the tendency to lay on fat is confined to the rump. The economic value of sheep is very great; their flesh serves for food; their fleeces are made into clothing; their skin into leather for bookbinding and gloves; cheese (eg. the well-known "Roquefort") is manufactured in some countries from ewe-milk; the fat is melted into tallow; from the intestines "catgut" is made; and horns, hoofs, and bones are also turned to some account.
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Poetry Unit Vocab
Terms in this set (33)
Refers to all forms of writing that are not in verse form. May be used to describe very different forms of writing.
A regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in a poem.
A rhymed pair of lines. May be written in any rhythmic pattern.
Group of two or more lines that form a unit in a poem.
Is the voice that "talks" to the reader,similar to the narrator in fiction.
Has a specific number of lines and stanzas or a regular pattern of rhythm or rhyme.
Poetry that does not contain certain regular patterns of rhythm or rhyme.
Pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in a line of poetry. Use rhythm to bring musical quality to language.
A pattern of end rhymes in a poem. Noted by assigning a letter of the alphabet.
Technique in which a sound, word, phrase, or line is repeated for emphasis or unity.
Repetition of consonant sounds at the beginnings of words.
Repetition of vowel sounds within non rhyming words.
Language that communicates meanings beyond the literal meanings of words used to symbolize ideas and concepts.
Expression that has a meaning different from the meaning of its individual words.
Type of lyric poem that deals with serious themes, such as justice, truth, or beauty.
Poem that has a formal structure containing 14 lines and a specific rhyme scheme and meter.
Poetry that tells a story.
Type of narrative poem that tells a story and was originally meant to be sung or recited.
Long narrative poem and serious subject presented in an elevated or formal style.
Putting in your own words.
Short poem in which a single speaker expresses personal thoughts and feelings.
Occurrence of similar or incidental sounds at the end of two or more words.
Expresses the writers attitude toward his or her subject.
Use of words whose sounds echo their meanings.
Message about life or human nature that the writer shares with the reader.
Comparison between two things that are unlike not using like or as.
Giving human qualities to an animal,object,or idea.
Comparison of two unlike things using the words like or as.
A figure of speech that compares two unlike things at some length and in several ways.
Need to listen and find the voice that "talks" to you. It is usually the author but can be a character in the poem.
How do u identify the speaker of a poem?
Traditional follows certain rules but untraditional can be however you want it to be.
What are the differences between a transitional and untraditional poem?
By putting a letter of the alphabet by each line. Some will have the same letter because the line could have a words that rhyme.
How do you label rhyme scheme?
Unit of pronunciation having one vowel sound,with or without surrounding consonants,forming the whole or a part of a word.
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Apr 21, 2011
How Is Government “Special”?
Philosophy professor Mark LeBar asks some provoking questions: how is government special? Why can government morally obligate people to do things, when ordinary people can’t? Why does the government claim to have not only power, but authority? Why do we consider some government authority more legitimate than others?
Two common arguments are that legitimate government authority is derived through democracy, or through the consent of the governed. But LeBar argues that both of these positions are problematic, and explains why.
In conclusion, LeBar notes that we have to ask these questions, because in asking ourselves how we think government is or isn’t morally special, we can gain insight into what the limits of government authority should be.
For more, visit LearnLiberty.org.
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Built in 1914, this rather conventional looking bedstead Pratt appears to have been cobbled together.
Above, looking through the bridge. This bridge is located near Fallis.
Below, this view along side the truss shows the outriggers used to stabilize the trusses.
Below, one of the lower portions of the endposts. Note that the endpost is sitting on a needle-beam, and the part which was in concrete has been torched off. You can also notice a gap in the lacing. The endposts of this bridge have been replaced with laced channel sections of similar design from a demolished bridge.
Below, where the endpost meets the upper chord. Note the welds, and the thick spacers to connect the new section to the splice plates that would have been used for the original sections.
Below, a view of a portion of the truss, showing repairs in the form of plate welded into the vertical post, and channel welded on the top chord. While not the most preferable way of repairing a bridge, what you see in these examples illustrates the flexibility of the steel truss in maintaining it. It is easily repaired and adapted, in a much more forgiving way than other types of bridge.
Below, another overview of the bridge.
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1152 Syringa vulgarisCommon Names: common lilac, French lilac Family: Oleaceae (olive Family)
Sweet smelling lilacs are among the most cherished of old time garden favorites. The lilac's habit is a leggy, upright, irregular shrub to 20 ft (6 m) tall and wide; its deciduous leaves are opposite, 2-5 in (5-10 cm) long and nearly as wide; and its fruits are 0.6 in (1.5 cm) long dry capsules. But the flowers … ah the flowers: Extremely fragrant, lilac colored, tiny, but borne in flamboyant pyramidal panicles 4-8 in (10-20 cm) long. Did we say the flowers were very fragrant?
There are more than a thousand named clones of common lilac and its hybrids. Included are varieties with white, blue, violet, magenta, purple, pink and even yellow flowers, and those with double flowers, as well as lilac bushes that remain dwarf, get larger or are disease resistant. Many of the selections were developed in France in the 19th and early 20th centuries.
Syringa vulgaris is native to southeastern Europe. It has become naturalized is North America and other temperate regions where it has been cultivated. Among more than 20 species, the most widely cultivated lilacs in North America are hybrids and selections of common lilac.
CultureLilacs prefer soils that are neutral to slightly alkaline. Remove old flowers when they fade so the plant uses its energy for growth and maintenance rather than for ripening seeds. Lilacs flower on old wood; if pruning is required, it should be done immediately after flowering is finished, before next year's flower buds have formed. Light: A lilac bush deserves one of the best positions in the landscape – in full sun. Moisture: Lilacs generally need little or no supplemental watering. They like a rich, moist soil but do not tolerate constantly wet soils nor soils that are acidic. Hardiness: USDA Zones 4 - 7. There are some lilac cultivars that are said to grow in zone 3. Lilacs require a period of chilling and a few frosty nights in order to bloom well the following spring. Recent introductions developed in California are said to be "low chill" and might be grown in zone 8. These include 'Lavender Lady', 'Blue Boy' and 'Angel White'. Propagation: Common lilac spreads by suckering and the babies can be dug up and replanted. Note, however, that some selections are grafted onto seedling rootstocks, and of course suckers from these will be of the rootstock and not from the desired scion. Young, fast growing stem tips can be rooted under mist. Lilacs also are easy to propagate by layering.
Lilacs are robust and resilient, often persisting on old homesteads and abandoned gardens long after the folks have moved to the city. Position lilacs near the house and around doorways so their fragrance can be appreciated. Use them as specimen shrubs, in shrub borders, or in informal hedges.
There are thousands of cultivated lilac hybrids and selections from a couple dozen wild species. Besides common lilac (Syringa vulgaris), other commonly cultivated lilac species are Chinese lilac (S. x chinensis), Meyer lilac (S. meyeri), Japanese tree lilac (S. reticulata), late lilac (S. villosa), Persian lilac (S. persica), littleleaf lilac (S. microphylla), and early lilac (S. x hyacinthiflora). Numerous named selections are available from each of these naturally occurring species.
I acquired a baby iguana when I was a kid growing up in Upstate New York and the only thing he would eat (in season) was lilac blossoms from my mom’s lilac tree by the front steps. The glorious variety of beautiful and fragrant lilacs available to northern gardeners is almost enough to make a southern gardener move north.
Steve Christman 6/2/12; updated 5/17/17
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Evolution is the change of traits of over time, typically referring to the evolution of organisms. Modern evolutionary theory speculates the mechanics of evolution from the big bang (big bang theory), to how the physics of that work (quantum physics theory), to simple organisms becoming complex (endosymbiosis theory), to those complex organisms becoming species of plants, animal, fungi, etc (theory of evolution), to how “survival of the fittest theory” plays a role in that evolution, and more.
There are a number of theories pertaining to evolution (for instance the evolution of non-organic systems like social systems), and each should be judged on its own merit, however THE theory of evolution pertaining to the evolution of species is a pretty solid and respected scientific theory today over 150 years after Darwin wrote On the Origin of Species (his theory had holes, but modern theory has filled them in with experiment based science).
With that said, there are some aspects that we can never know, and in this space is room for spiritual and/or science-based theological thinking. Just don’t let faith-based arguments throw you off from what we do know from experiment in the lab, science isn’t meant to disprove faith, nor can faith disprove science, rather what we do know simply improves our ability to ponder deeper metaphysic and theological questions.
Factoids tagged with "Evolution"
Charles Darwin came up with the idea of natural selection, but he didn’t coin the phrase “survival of the fittest”, that was Herbert Spencer in 1864’s Principles of Sociology.
Blog Posts tagged with "Evolution"
Casually Explained is a great video series, here is Casually Explained explaining evolution. I suggest checking out the overarching YouTube Channel.
The state of nature is the state humans lived in before forming the first societies. By examining the state of nature we can better understand the implicit and explicit social contracts which govern societies.
Naturally occurring social systems are systems that naturally arise when societies form, such as politics, economics, mathematics, and language.
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The High Holy Days are traditionally a time for introspection, asking for and giving forgiveness, resolving to do better, and praying for a healthy and happy year to come.
Yad Vashem’s rich collection of testimony, artefacts, photos, cards and prayer books offer a glimpse into some of the ways that Jews before, during and immediately after the Holocaust marked these special days.
A group of men practicing the custom of tashlich (casting off). The custom involves going to a river or creek on Rosh Hashanah and casting a piece of bread into it, symbolising the “casting off” of sins:
Jews on their way to services on Yom Kippur. The Hebrew greeting on top reads: “May you be inscribed for a good year”
A Rosh Hashanah card sent by Aharon and Sheindl Blumen in 1926 from Luboml, Poland
“Shana Tova” (Happy New Year) card sent to Henia Pollock in Argentina, from her relatives in Końskie, Poland, 1939
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Obesity & Health
The Obesity Epidemic
Obesity is a life-threatening disease currently affecting a quarter of the United States population. The prevalence of obesity has risen by more than 60 percent in the past decade, with South Carolina having among the highest obesity levels in the country for children and adults.
Individuals age 18 and older with a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 40 or more or a BMI of 35 with other health problems are considered at risk for disability and premature death because of being overweight or obese.
Obesity-Related Health Conditions
Often obesity leads to a number of physical ailments and diseases. Obesity-related health conditions (co-morbidities) are health risks that, whether alone or in combination, can significantly reduce your life expectancy. Below are some of the most common obesity-related health conditions.
- Type 2 Diabetes
- High blood pressure/Heart disease
- Osteoarthritis of weight-bearing joints
- Sleep apnea/Respiratory problems
- Gastroesophageal reflux/Heartburn
The Toll of Obesity
- Obesity contributes to more than 300,000 deaths annually in the United States, second only to cigarette smoking.
- Studies have shown that obesity - linked to diabetes, arthritis, heart disease, stroke and certain cancers - raise a person's healthcare costs by 36 percent and medication costs by 77 percent.
- Adults with a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 40 or more or a BMI of 35 with other health problems are considered at risk for disability and premature death because of their weight.
The Causes of Obesity
The causes of obesity are multiple and complex, and not simply a result of overeating or lack of willpower. Research has shown that in many cases a significant, underlying cause of severe obesity is genetic.
Studies have demonstrated that once the problem is established, dieting and exercise programs have a limited ability to provide effective long-term relief. As scientists continue to study the causes of obesity, individuals must decide how to treat their condition most effectively.
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Math and Science with Ms. Bai
All students will come to me for Math this year with the exception of Sage students. Students will be participating in fact practices, daily reviews, lessons and problem solving, and guided and independent practice. Students will be able to use manipulatives and work together as well as individually to solve problems. Students will have one to two worksheets to complete each day. We will do the Problem Set in Class together and will start the homework if time permits. I encourage you to go over these sheets with your child each night even if your child finishes it in class. I will always check homework but leave it in the binder for you to also see. Halfway through the unit and at the end of the unit there will be Assessments. I will let you know by email when an assessment is coming up and how best to prepare for it. We will be using Eureka Math as our primary curriculum. You can access the modules with all of the lessons and worksheets here: https://www.engageny.org/resource/grade-4-mathematics. For copies of the homework as well as the completed Problem Sets and in some cases videos to show you how to do the homework problems, please visit: http://www.oakdale.k12.ca.us/cms/page_view?d=x&piid=&vpid=1402228861002
Our science program is very hands-on with many experiments and activities. I will be teaching units on environments, magnetism & electricity, water & weather, and landforms.
Reading, Writing and Social Studies with Mrs. Garrett
Our Reading Street book is organized into 6 themes with 5 stories in each. We will cover one story per week. Each week, we will read a new selection and focus on AZ College and Career Ready standards. Students will have new vocabulary words each week that go with the story. The vocabulary and reading skills learned during the week as well as a written response to reading will be included in the weekly test.
We will start each week with grammar. The students will do a practice grammar sheet to reinforce the skill that we are covering. The second part of the week will be devoted to writing. We will cover many types of writing including narrative, opinion, informational and persuasive pieces.
Social Studies: Arizona History and Geography:
We will be studying Arizona this year, sometimes from a text that is set up with chapters and tests. We will do review sheets throughout the chapters as well as activities throughout the year. We will learn about AZ history, famous people, landforms, regions, and map skills as well as how to read graphs and charts.
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Table of contents:
Bloated stomach occurs because the digestive tract is filled with gas. This condition is caused by eating too fast, chewing gum, smoking, soft drinks, and eating vegetables such as cabbage and broccoli. The gas that appears will be expelled through farts (exhaling) and belching. So what does flatulence have to do with enzyme deficiency?
The human body has three types of enzymes, namely protease, lipase, and amylase, to digest and also break down the food we eat. If we experience digestive disorders that cause flatulence, this condition could be related to a deficiency in the digestive enzymes above.
Various Conditions That Cause Constant Farting and Burping
Pancreas functions to produce digestive enzymes, disorders of the pancreas organ will indirectly interfere with the body's digestive system.
Lactose intolerance is another digestive disorder that can also cause flatulence. Lack of the enzyme lactase, which is produced in the small intestine, prevents the body from processing a naturally occurring sugar called lactose, which is normally found in milk.
Lactose that cannot be broken down, digested, or absorbed properly will then enter the large intestine where digestive tract bacteria work. The more food leftovers are processed by bacteria, the more gas is produced by these bacteria. Excess gas is what makes the stomach bloated.
How to Overcome Bloated Stomach
Enzymes do have an important role in digestion. Together with other chemicals in the body, enzymes help break down food particles, even destroying toxins that enter the body through food.
Consuming enzymes or drugs that contain enzymes can also help prevent impaired absorption of nutrients by the small intestine, and relieve symptoms of digestive disorders that result, such as flatulence.
However, the amount of enzyme needed for each person is different. Generally, your doctor will recommend that you take a special enzyme replacement medication. The recommended dose will be determined, among other things, based on the function and condition of your pancreas. The dose can be started from the lowest and then gradually increased, or according to the doctor's observations.
It should be noted that drugs containing enzymes are not drugs to treat diseases caused by enzyme disorders, such as exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) or congenital metabolic disorders.The drug is given to relieve symptoms or complaints that arise due to enzyme disorders, one of which is flatulence.
In addition to the various medicines above, here are some ingredients that you can easily find at home that are believed to help with flatulence, namely:
PineappleThis fruit contains bromelain which is a protein-digesting enzyme. Bromelain is known to be good for flatulence.
TurmericThis warm, bitter and yellow-colored kitchen spice contains curcumin which works to reduce swelling and conditions associated with inflammation. Turmeric is also useful for treating various disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, including reducing gas levels.
PeppermintThe content of peppermint can help overcome flatulence and relax the muscles in the digestive tract.
GingerGinger has natural anti-inflammatory properties and is also used to help with digestive disorders.The content of ginger will make the digestive system calm, and make the digestive tract muscles relax. This benefit can relieve flatulence.
Bloating, farting, and belching can also be caused by aerophagia, which is when you swallow too much air as a result of chewing or drinking too fast, and eating certain foods and drinks that produce a lot of gas. To overcome this, massage in the abdominal area can also help overcome flatulence. Gently massage your belly for 15 minutes twice a day, for three days. Taking probiotics can also help reduce flatulence, but if you have lactose intolerance, it's not recommended to take dairy-based probiotics, such as yogurt.
Make sure you consult a doctor if flatulence is accompanied by other complaints, such as abdominal pain, high fever, diarrhea, weight loss, vomiting, heartburn, and stools mixed with blood.These symptoms indicate a more serious medical condition, and need to be examined and treated by a doctor.
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Père David's deer (Elaphurus davidianus) is also known as elaphure or as the milu and is not present in the wild today.
The common tsessebe (Damaliscus lunatus), also known as the sassaby, is most closely related to the bontebok and the topi, which share its genus.
The greater mouse-eared bat (Myotis myotis) is a vesper bat that can be found in many areas of Europe including Albania, Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, France, and Germany, among many other areas.
The South Andean deer (Hippocamelus bisulcus) is native to Chile and Argentina.
The tufted deer (Elaphodus cephalophus) is the sole member of its genus Elaphodus, and can be found in northeastern areas of Myanmar, although this is questionable and central China, where it is most commonly found.
The pygmy hippopotamus (Choeropsis liberiensis or Hexaprotodon liberiensis), also known as the pygmy hippo, is native to western areas of Africa
The black duiker (Cephalophus niger) is a species of antelope that can be found in southern areas of Sierra Leone, Ghana, Nigeria, Benin, Côte d'Ivoire, and Liberia.
Peter’s duiker (Cephalophus callipygus) is a species of antelope that can be found in southern Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and northern areas of the Republic of Congo.
The Sumatran serow (Capricornis sumatraensis) is a goat-antelope that is also known as the southern serow.
The Siberian roe deer (Capreolus pygargus), also known as the eastern roe deer, can be found in northeastern areas of Asia.
The greater dwarf lemur (Cheirogaleus major), also known as Geoffroy's dwarf lemur, is native only to the island of Madagascar.
The rufous horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus rouxii) can be found in China, Nepal, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, India, and Vietnam.
Rüppell's horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus fumigatus) is native to Africa, with a range that includes Cameroon, Gambia, Kenya, and Senegal, among many other areas.
The greater horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus ferrumequinum) can be found in Japan, Africa, Europe, China, South Asia, Korea, and Australia.
The large flying fox (Pteropus vampyrus) is a megabat that is can be found from the Malay Peninsula, to the Philippines in the east, with a southern range that included Timor, Java, Sumatra, and Borneo.
The arcuate horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus arcuatus) is native to the Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Indonesia, and Malaysia.
Lyle’s flying fox (Pteropus lylei) is a megabat that is native to Yunnan in China, Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam.
The ryukyu flying fox (Pteropus dasymallus), also known as the ryukyu fruit bat, is a megabat that is native to Taiwan, Japan, and the islands of the Batanes and the Babuyan Islands in the Philippines.
Mehely’s horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus mehelyi) can be found in areas of the Middle East and Eastern Europe, and has a fragmented range.
The Indian flying fox (Pteropus giganteus), also known as the Greater Indian Fruit Bat, is a species of megabat that can be found in China, India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Maldives, and Pakistan.
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from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License
- n. A Roman numeral representing forty-nine (49).
from The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia
- A simplified spelling of ill.
- n. An unusual and un-English assimilation of in- before l, after the analogy of or by confusion with il-, il-: perhaps only in the rare and obsolete illighten for inlighten, enlighten (compare alighten).
- n. An assimilation (in Latin, etc.) of in- before l. (See in-.) In the following words, in the etymology, the prefix il- is usually referred directly to the original in-.
- n. An assimilation (in Latin, etc.) of the negative or privative prefix in- before l. (See in-.) In the following words, in the etymology, the prefix il- is usually referred directly to the original in-.
- n. A suffix of Latin origin, forming in Latin adjectives and nouns derived from them, and less frequently nouns directly from verbs and nouns, many of which formations have come into English.
from WordNet 3.0 Copyright 2006 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
- n. a midwestern state in north-central United States
- adj. being nine more than forty
Sorry, no etymologies found.
_Cuir_ is an expression used to denote the error in speaking, which consists -- in French -- in pronouncing a _t_ for an _s_, and vice versa at the end of words which are joined in pronunciation to the next word: _e. g., il étai-z-à la campagne_ for _il était à la campagne_.
"_Dans ce moment le_ [mais ce] pauvre _habit_ [froc] gris est pour lui comme le manteau d'Elijah; il l'enveloppe d'inspiration; _il_ [Pierre] lit dans l'avenir; il voit Jerusalem delivree; [il voit] le saint sepulcre libre; il voit le Croissant argent est arrache du Temple, et l'Oriflamme et la Croix rouge sont etabli a sa place; non-seulement
He had attended divine service at St. Paul's, which he called il Duomo di
Now that Kim Jong-il is in bad health, a successor must be prepared.
North Korean leader Kim Jong-il is believed to be in China, according to the South Korean news agency Yonhap.
In “Bandhobi,” director Shin Dong-il translates to screen “uncomfortable” issues of illegal immigration, racism and social toadyism through the universal languages of ticklish humor, teenage angst and priceless friendship.
Kim Jong-il is far more selfish and corrupt than his father, and is considered less compassionate toward the common people outside of Pyongyang.
Huevos Albañil is my usual order at both the Cafe of the Gran Hotel and at El Camino Real, both in or near Pátzcuaro.
In making "real" caponata, olive il is used in a manner that can only be described as abundant, bountiful, copious!
Il ajoute qu'on a voulu donner le change sur la situation de la république; enfin il annonce qu'il proposera les seules mesures propres à sauver la patrie.
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Write a 8 pages paper on tma 01 option 1. Children’s literature is a place of multiplicity that assimilates and absorbs anything it likes. The inception of the children’s literature phase in the 18th century had been analyzed by Matthew Grenby’s paper titled, ‘Children’s Literature: Birth, Infancy, Maturity’ which subsequently paved the way for great bang towards Britain’s children’s literature in the 2nd half of the 19th century and hence offers a revised perspective on the established histories. The 20th and 21st centuries have experienced an immense increment in the multiplicity in children’s books, ranging from books containing image and flap books to multimedia texts available online. During the early 1900s, the process of upbringing of the children (mostly in the middle class society) became more and more confined. as a result, unambiguous repulsiveness that can be found in, for instance, .Book of Martyrs, by Foxes’ was exceptional. As an alternative, terror was swapped into fancy, as could be traced in Ursula K. Le Guin’s .Earthsea or Lucy Boston’s .The Children of the Green Knowe .(Hunt, 2009, pp.14-26). The importance of Children’s Literature Children’s literature is a dominant factor in the lives of kids as it has got the capability to encourage the power of imagination within them. Kids often take pleasure in reading and listening to their much loved fantasy tales over and over again. The attitude of getting habituated to stories and reading those proves to be helpful for the development of the kid’s vocabulary, language skills and communication techniques. It also reverberates with a deeper thinking mechanism within the children which creates a distinctive viewpoint of perceiving the world. According to Jerry Griswold wide “distribution of consciousness” is a recognizable attribute of the kid’s thought process that is uniformly noticeable in the literature which can go beyond the practical situations of life (Griswold, 2006). Children’s literature is different from the literature meant for the adult mainly in terms of the occurrence of sensations and feelings experienced during the early days of childhood. Pessimism and desolation are not the kind of emotions that are significantly featured in the fantasy stories meant for the children. Role of Fantasies and Imaginations Myths and Fairy tales are particularly precious literature pieces for children because such unreal creatures and lands help them to travel to those places through the means of their imagination. The imagination and the thinking capacity increase the amount of creativity within a kid. Today children have fewer scopes to expand their capacity to imagine since the abundance of electronic media brings their imagination right in front of their eyes through various cartoon and comic characters. Also the early interference of the internet, the social media and Smartphone, is making the lives of children much more technology oriented which proves to be a hindrance for the paths of innovation, creativity, imagination and artistic talents.
Homework Essay Writers
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Answer is Heap sort as it most dependent on random access which is costly in case on Linked List.
Merge Sort for Linked Lists:
Merge sort is often preferred for sorting a linked list. The slow random-access performance of a linked list makes some other algorithms (such as quicksort) perform poorly, and others (such as heapsort) completely impossible.
1) If the head is NULL or there is only one element in the Linked List
2) Else divide the linked list into two halves.
FrontBackSplit(head, &a, &b); /* a and b are two halves */
3) Sort the two halves a and b.
4) Merge the sorted a and b (using SortedMerge() discussed here)
and update the head pointer using headRef.
*headRef = SortedMerge(a, b);
Time Complexity: O(n Log n)
Quick Sort on Linked List:
1. Take rightmost element as the pivot
Traverse through the list
a. If the node has value greater than pivot, we will move it after tail
b. else, keep it in same position
1. Call Partition(), which places pivot at right position and returns the pivot
2. Find the tail node of the left sublist ie, left side of the pivot and recur for left list
3. Now, recur for right list
Below is simple insertion sort algorithm for linked list.
1) Create an empty sorted (or result) list
2) Traverse the given list, do following for every node.
......a) Insert current node in sorted way in sorted or result list.
3) Change head of given linked list to head of sorted (or result) list
Heap Sort on Linked List
Heapsort is a good sorting algorithm because it's
O(n log n) and it's in-place. However, when you have a linked list heapsort is no longer
O(n log n) because it relies on random access to the array, which you do not have in a linked list. So you either lose your in-place attribute (by needing to define a tree-like structure is
O(n) space). Or you will need to do without them, but remember that a linked list is
O(n) for member lookup. Which brings the runtime complexity to something like
O(n^2 log n) which is worse than bubblesort.
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The ionic radius of the cesium ion is 1.88 Å and that of the chloride ion is 1.67 Å. In this case the cation is the larger ion, and the ratio of radii for the anion and cation is r-/r+ = 1.67/1.88 = 0.888.
With a radius ratio of 0.888, the smaller ion (Cl-) is expected to prefer a cubic hole.
The images below depict the structure of crystalline CsCl. The red spheres represent the cesium ions and the green spheres represent the chloride ions.
Examine the images and note how the chloride ions form a simple cube with a cesium ion situated at the center. Owing to the symmetry of the structure, it does not matter whether one regards the chloride ions as adopting a cubic structure with cesium ions inserted into cubic holes or cesium ions adopting a cubic structure with chloride ions inserted into cubic holes. The insertion of chloride ions into the cubic holes causes the structure to expand so that the cesium ions are not in contact with each other. Or one can describe the structure as a cubic array of chloride ions with cesium ions inserted into the cubic holes to force the chloride ions apart. The unit cell depicted below shows chloride ions surrounding a cesium ion. Both Cs+ and Cl- exist in a cubic coordination enviroment, thus CsCl has (8,8)-coordination.
Also note that the cubic arrangement of cesium ions (or chloride ions) does not constitute a closest-packed structure. Review the closest-packed structures (hcp and ccp) and note that neither closest-packed structure contains cubic holes.
The dimensions of the CsCl unit cell are a = b = c = 4.123 Å.
- How many cesium ions lie inside the unit cell?
- How many chloride ions like inside the unit cell? The structure as a whole is electrically neutral and thus the unit cell must be electrically neutral. Therefore Cs+ and Cl- ions must be present in a 1:1 ratio.
- What is the volume of the CsCl unit cell (in cm3)?
- What is the density of CsCl (in g cm-3)?
|Unit Cell||Portions of Atoms lying inside the Unit Cell|
This virtual reality display requires Java3D. If the display is not visible, consult the Java3D FAQ. Dragging with the left mouse button rotates the display. Dragging with the center mouse buttons expands the display, and dragging with the right mouse button moves the display.
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Down syndrome known as trisomy 21, is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of all or part of a third copy of chromosome 21. It is associated with physical growth delays, mild to moderate intellectual disability, characteristic facial features; the average IQ of a young adult with Down syndrome is 50, equivalent to the mental ability of an 8- or 9-year-old child, but this can vary widely. The parents of the affected individual are genetically normal; the probability increases from less than 0.1% in 20-year-old mothers to 3% in those of age 45. The extra chromosome is believed to occur by chance, with no known behavioral activity or environmental factor that changes the probability. Down syndrome can be identified during pregnancy by prenatal screening followed by diagnostic testing or after birth by direct observation and genetic testing. Since the introduction of screening, pregnancies with the diagnosis are terminated. Regular screening for health problems common in Down syndrome is recommended throughout the person's life.
There is no cure for Down syndrome. Education and proper care have been shown to improve quality of life; some children with Down syndrome are educated in typical school classes, while others require more specialized education. Some individuals with Down syndrome graduate from high school, a few attend post-secondary education. In adulthood, about 20% in the United States do paid work in some capacity, with many requiring a sheltered work environment. Support in financial and legal matters is needed. Life expectancy is around 50 to 60 years in the developed world with proper health care. Down syndrome is the most common chromosome abnormality in humans, it occurs in about one per 1,000 babies born each year. In 2015, Down syndrome was present in 5.4 million individuals globally and resulted in 27,000 deaths, down from 43,000 deaths in 1990. It is named after British doctor John Langdon Down, who described the syndrome in 1866; some aspects of the condition were described earlier by Jean-Étienne Dominique Esquirol in 1838 and Édouard Séguin in 1844.
The genetic cause of Down syndrome was discovered in 1959. Those with Down syndrome nearly always have intellectual disabilities; as adults, their mental abilities are similar to those of an 8- or 9-year-old. They typically have poor immune function and reach developmental milestones at a age, they have an increased risk of a number of other health problems, including congenital heart defect, leukemia, thyroid diseases, mental disorders. People with Down syndrome may have some or all of these physical characteristics: a small chin, slanted eyes, poor muscle tone, a flat nasal bridge, a single crease of the palm, a protruding tongue due to a small mouth and large tongue; these airway changes lead to obstructive sleep apnea in around half of those with Down syndrome. Other common features include: a flat and wide face, a short neck, excessive joint flexibility, extra space between big toe and second toe, abnormal patterns on the fingertips and short fingers. Instability of the atlantoaxial joint occurs in about 20% and may lead to spinal cord injury in 1–2%.
Hip dislocations may occur without trauma in up to a third of people with Down syndrome. Growth in height is slower, resulting in adults who tend to have short stature—the average height for men is 154 cm and for women is 142 cm. Individuals with Down syndrome are at increased risk for obesity as they age. Growth charts have been developed for children with Down syndrome; this syndrome causes about a third of cases of intellectual disability. Many developmental milestones are delayed with the ability to crawl occurring around 8 months rather than 5 months and the ability to walk independently occurring around 21 months rather than 14 months. Most individuals with Down syndrome have mild or moderate intellectual disability with some cases having severe difficulties; those with mosaic Down syndrome have IQ scores 10–30 points higher. As they age, people with Down syndrome perform worse than their same-age peers. Individuals with Down syndrome have better language understanding than ability to speak.
Between 10 and 45% have either a stutter or rapid and irregular speech, making it difficult to understand them. After reaching 30 years of age, some may lose their ability to speak, they do well with social skills. Behavior problems are not as great an issue as in other syndromes associated with intellectual disability. In children with Down syndrome, mental illness occurs in nearly 30% with autism occurring in 5–10%. People with Down syndrome experience a wide range of emotions. While people with Down syndrome are happy, symptoms of depression and anxiety may develop in early adulthood. Children and adults with Down syndrome are at increased risk of epileptic seizures, which occur in 5–10% of children and up to 50% of adults; this includes. Many who live 40 years or longer develop Alzheimer’s disease. In those who reach 60 years of age, 50–70% have the disease. Hearing and vision disorders occur in more than half of people with Down syndrome. Vision problems occur in 38 to 80%. Between 20 and 50 % have strabismus.
The Intergalactic Kitchen is a 1990 book by Frank Rodgers. The book was released in 1990; the book, part of the Sci-Fi genre, is centered on a kitchen. The Intergalactic Kitchen was published in the UK by Viking Penguin. Before the story starts, Frank Rodgers introduces the reader to the Bird family; the page starts: The Bird family live in the grounds of BONC - the National Bureau of Clever Experts, where some odd experiments go on. The story starts with Mr Bird installing a protection system for the house. Mrs Bird presses the kitchen goes into orbit; when in orbit many events happen. These include: An Intergalactic Traffic Warden, A Gossiping Alien and Electric Readers A Salesman A Bulldozer! The book was made into a TV series that run in 2004, it was shown on BBC One. The show is about their mother and Fleur, a rival from Snoo and Jay's school, they are about to go camping, when Mrs. Bird accidentally activates a force field, are shot off into outer space, they attempt to try to get back to earth.
Everything goes wrong, when Mrs. Bird accidentally climbs into the alien's spaceship, Mr. and Mrs. Krryptyx accidentally activate the engines, thus separating Mrs. Bird's children and Mr. and Mrs. Krryptyx's children; this has, on a series of mad adventures. The Intergalactic Kitchen title listing at the Internet Speculative Fiction Database Pickabook Intergalactic Kitchen Summary, Retrieved 13 February 2008
Rhynchotechum is a genus of plants in the family Gesneriaceae and tribe Cyrtandreae. Species distribution records are from India, Sri Lanka, China through to southern Japan, Indo-China and Malesia through to New Guinea. Plants of the World Online lists: Rhynchotechum alternifolium C. B. Clarke Rhynchotechum angustifolium Ridl. Rhynchotechum brandisii C. B. Clarke Rhynchotechum brevipedunculatum J. C. Wang Rhynchotechum burmanicum B. M. Anderson Rhynchotechum calycinum C. B. Clarke Rhynchotechum discolor B. L. Burtt Rhynchotechum ellipticum A. DC. Rhynchotechum eximium Schltr. Rhynchotechum formosanum Hatus. Rhynchotechum gracile B. M. Anderson Rhynchotechum hispidum C. B. Clarke Rhynchotechum hookeri B. M. Anderson Rhynchotechum longipes W. T. Wang Rhynchotechum obovatum B. L. Burtt Rhynchotechum parviflorum Blume Rhynchotechum permolle B. L. Burtt Rhynchotechum polycarpum Schltr. Rhynchotechum vestitum Wall. Ex C. B. Clarke Rhynchotechum vietnamense B. M. Anderson Media related to Rhynchotechum at Wikimedia Commons Data related to Rhynchotechum at Wikispecies
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We picked this dispatch as today's "Best."
Click here to have future picks e-mailed to you!
Diversified farming, however, is becoming rare in Peru and in the rest of the world, as farmers adapt to the commercial market by planting only a single variety of crops. For example, 500 years ago in the United States, you could find over a hundred different kinds of corn, each with a distinct flavor and color; but today you would be lucky if you could come across just five different kinds. Unfortunately, most farms today mostly grow single varieties of crops largely as a result of large Agri-business companies that control the sale of seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides (see Making a Difference - "Eating Pesticide Potato Chips").
The people of Quispillaccta shake their heads to these contemporary methods and show pity for us because they understand the importance of biodiversity. The effect is lasting. Planting single varieties of crops has caused the soil in the land to deteriorate due to the lack of the different nutrients usually provided by multiple varieties. The earth is accustomed to growing a great diversity of plants, each providing the soil with different nutrients. When only one crop is planted in an area, as is the case in most large-scale farms, the soil is depleted. This leads farmers to use harsh chemicals and fertilizers, thereby creating a chemical dependency. Each year the farmer buys more chemicals to grow the crops, which in turn increases soil depletion and pollutes more rivers.
Here, in Quispillaccta, the difficulty of air and road travel to the remote villages has saved their lands from large-scale commercial farm influences. Families still grow food for their own consumption and survival. They save their own seeds and plant in the same way as their ancestors, without chemicals or pesticides. As a result, the important biodiversity of potatoes, wheat, corn, and other grains and vegetables of the region are preserved.
By growing different varieties of each crop, the people of Quispillaccta have maintained rich and fertile soils, complete and balanced diets, and most importantly, avoided major famines. Different varieties of potatoes, for example, can ward off different pests and can withstand different temperature extremes. Thus, if a year is especially harsh, i.e. too much rain or too cold, part of the crop will still survive. If the Irish had brought with them to Ireland this vast diversity when they brought the first potatoes from South America, perhaps the great Potato Famine of the 1800's could have been avoided.
As roads improve and modern conveniences enter the Quispillaccta region, temptations may arise. To avoid this, the A.B.A. has been helping and urging families to maintain their traditional ways of growing food, and more importantly, to save their seeds from season to season to maintain their rich diversity of crops. With so many of the earth's original species of plants and animals already extinct, it is vital to maintain the biodiversity that now only remains in the hands and knowledge of a few small farmers around the world.
Kevin - All that Glitters is Not Gold
Monica - The Belly-button of the Inca Nation
Making a Difference - Eating Pesticide Potato Chips
Home | Search | Teacher Zone
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Carbonic acid is a chemical compound with the chemical formula H2CO3 (equivalently OC(OH)2). It is also a name sometimes given to solutions of carbon dioxide in water (carbonated water), because such solutions contain small amounts of H2CO3. In physiology, carbonic acid is described as volatile acid or respiratory acid, because it is the only acid excreted as a gas by the lungs. Wikipedia, Carbonic Acid
In chemistry, carbonic acid is a dibasic acid with the chemical formula H2CO3. The pure compound decomposes at temperatures greater than about −80 °C.
In biochemistry and physiology, the name "carbonic acid" is often applied to aqueous solutions of carbon dioxide, which play an important role in the bicarbonate buffer system, used to maintain acid–base homeostasis. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonic_acid
Without coal there would be no water, and without water, no life. For in coal, as in certain other minerals, the elements of carbonic acid are present in [The Energy Evolution - Harnessing Free Energy from Nature, New Forms of Motion and Energy]
This tremendous power arises from cold oxidative processes, which take place when stocks of bio-centrifugated carbonic acid - as was stated above - react to bio-centrifugence, and under the effects of certain other co-factors attain their relatively highest state of expansion (ray-form state). [The Energy Evolution - Harnessing Free Energy from Nature, New Forms of Motion and Energy]
Here such motion can be practically applied to the following:
(a) To the liquefaction of coal or carbonic-acid-bearing minerals by way of cold (cycloid) systems of flow, e.g. the generation of incombustible, gas-deficient and highly expansive, dynagen-rich 'explosive' water and drive water with the aid of Repulsators for the purpose of producing highly expansive pressures for driving machines of all kinds. [The Energy Evolution - Harnessing Free Energy from Nature, The Practical Application of Cycloid-Space-Curve-Motion arising from Processes of Cold Oxidation]
already very shaky scientific edifice would come tumbling down, if the full scope of the reactive energy economy should become known too quickly. An upheaval of such a kind would then arise, which could not be endured in these days of food shortages, and the baby would be thrown out with the bath-water by those, who have only one idea left: somehow to struggle through life and to be free of all problems. Were this implemented, however, then the most marvellous things would come to life again, which compared to the present world situation would be a paradise. The trick therefore is - how do I tell the innocent children that the end has come for all manner of lusts for power, because a natural power is now appearing, before which everything else must unconditionally capitulate. Today this new power rejoices over the victory, which was brought about by the fact that the Germans - and this can be examined from any desired viewpoint - were unfortunately the best exponents of a technology founded on faecal matter. Unhappily they exploited precisely those expulsive energies that enable us, for example, to rid ourselves of those substances so vital to the Earth for maintaining the eternal renewal of her motive forces. With the aid of these earthly and other waste materials she recreates everything anew, which our evolutionally older descendants absolutely require for their various necessities of life. For this reason wise Nature will not hesitate much longer before she clears everything off the green dissection-table with a single sweep of the hand, as it were, upon which, using decimal scales and an inch ruler, attempts were made to discover the 'essence', namely, that which provides for the weight and measure of all things. And thus, instead of specific elements they found absolutely heavy remnants, which they then declared to be 'atoms'. That these remnants of a former organic whole, which have been artificially rendered potential-less (stripped of life-force, so to speak), interact in a lively fashion, is quite obvious. Under no circumstances, however, do the products of synthesis that produce higher quality products come into being in this way, but only active forms of heat and cold. These promote the process of decay through further interactions, which in turn give rise to the decomposive and retrogressive factors that promote an accelerated disintegration as well as the annihilating energies that intensify by the square. That these energy-forms, which foster decomposition and are possessed of a force of resistance that increases by the square, contradict the irrational assumption that they actually further the build-up of culture, is perhaps only incomprehensible to those who know nothing of the specific counter-elements and who, because of a tragic error, established the crowning law of contemporary technology, such that under all circumstances the resistance must increase by the square of the velocity. The specific counter-form, the upward falling weight as it were, comes into being when etherialised substances are transferred to the 4th dimension. This happens, due to the fact that negatively potentiated constituents of carbonic [The Energy Evolution - Harnessing Free Energy from Nature, The Economy Founded on Reactively Produced Energy]
acid are bio-centrifugated with the aid of cycloid-space-curve-motion and so strongly expanded by mechanical means, that they become free, unipolar, cool and highly active in a kind of ray-form. They consume (bind) the oxygenes which become inactive due to the effect of this reactive temperature influence, when these seminal substances, which concentrate around the longitudinal axis are dispersed mechanically. In this way they are made palatable as it were, in a manner similar to branches which, swayed up and down by the wind, prepare or pre-masticate the food for the young saplings growing under the protection of the mother-trees. The ultimate products of this digestive process are the high-grade forms of fructigen which, through a progressive series of transformative and formative processes, are produced in similar fashion, when one entity is consumed by a higher one, which in turn falls victim to an even higher lover. The fructigens thus produced are finally consumed by the Earth herself, who gives upward birth to primary products of synthesis, which are created through a progressive series of interactions involving the etherealisation of former fatty-matter derived, for example, from naturalesquely broken down and transformed worm-fat. This etherealising process then ur-produces the more highly influential substances in an energetic state, which the community of worm descendants once more brings to life and moves 'originally'. [The Energy Evolution - Harnessing Free Energy from Nature, The Economy Founded on Reactively Produced Energy]
2. It is also known that minute bubbles of carbon dioxide (carbonic acid gas) appear in good high-spring water, if the water is exposed to the influence of light and heat. If the water is again cooled under the exclusion of light, then the bubbles disappear. The crystal-clear water, however, tastes empty and insipid even when cool. Its former full-bodied wholesomeness has therefore vanished without trace. [The Energy Evolution - Harnessing Free Energy from Nature, The Liquefaction of Coal by Means of Cold Flows]
In the conversion of carbonic acid (H2CO3) to carbon dioxide or carbonic acid gas (CO2) with heat, molecular hydrogen (H2) is released. Therefore a kind of vacuity is created, causing a reduction in the inner 'volume'. — Ed.
See descriptions of Patent Nos. 134543 and 138296 (pp. 201-203) and associated figures Nos. 8 and 9, p. 63 in The Water Wizard, Vol. I of the Ecotechnology series. - Ed. [The Energy Evolution - Harnessing Free Energy from Nature, The Liquefaction of Coal by Means of Cold Flows]
This pipe should be laid to a particular gradient and oriented in certain direction. It should then be charged with water - the best kind being sea-water thoroughly irradiated by the Sun - to which coal dust, carbonic acid and other things have been added. [The Energy Evolution - Harnessing Free Energy from Nature, The Liquefaction of Coal by Means of Cold Flows]
carbonic acid gas
The Keely Motor
carbon octave wave
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Definition of the north
- The birds migrate from the North.
: to, toward, or in the north
: situated toward or at the north
: coming from the north
: the direction of the north terrestrial pole : the direction to the left of one facing east
: the compass point directly opposite to south
: regions or countries lying to the north of a specified or implied point of orientation
What made you want to look up the north? Please tell us where you read or heard it (including the quote, if possible).
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Classification promotes visual discrimination, observation, memory development, organizational skills, and problem-solving ability. The science curriculum depends on the skill of classification for concept building. The activities in this article offer students an opportunity to examine collections of data and determine the rule for the grouping (classification). To foster these skills, memory-enhancing strategies such as mnemonic devices, rhymes, acronyms, acrostics, and peg words are described.
Type Journal ArticlePub Date 10/1/2007Stock # ss07_031_02_82Volume 031Issue 02
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360 Wander Writer
Welcome to the Roman World
Colosseum is a giant amphitheater . It is also called as the Flavian Amphitheatre . It is built in Rome under the Flavian emperors. Its construction began during the 70th Common Era. It was opened by the son of Vespasian , Titus . It had 100 days of game which included bull’s fight and other wild animals fight. It also had the Gladiator fights were the Gladiators were generally slaves, condemned criminals or prisoners of war. Aside from the games, the Colosseum also hosted dramas, reenactments, and even public executions.
The Colosseum is a massive structure of stone and concrete . Marble seats were divided into zones: those for richer private citizens, middle-class citizens, slaves and foreigners and finally wooden seats and standing room in the flat-roofed colonnade on the top tier reserved for women and the poor . It is build using a complex system of barrel vaults. It has a seating capacity of about 50000 spectators in which it had 45,000 seated and 5,000 standing spectators. The final stages of construction of the Colosseum were completed under the reign of Titus’ brother and successor, Domitian.
The spectators were shielded from the sun by a massive retractable velarium (awning). Also a well know fact says that the Colosseum served as a church during the medieval times and a prominent fortress for the families of Frangipane and Annibaldi. The Colosseum was damaged by lightning and very badly affected by the earthquake. The play of Vandalism and pollution also played a major role in its damages.
It lost its decorative materials and all marble seats. After understanding the damages , the notable efforts of Pius VIII a restoration project was started in the starting of 1990’s . It is defiantly a major tourist attraction place with an average of about seven million visitors annually. Its construction is made as of it consists of four stories with a height of 45 meters high ,a width of 189 x 156 meters , a roofed awning of canvas . Despite its degradation, a still magnificent monument, a poignant and enduring testimony to both the skills and the vices of the Roman world.
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Mesopelagic Fish Stocks Could be Ten Times Greater11 February 2014
GLOBAL – Quantities of fish in the mesopelagic ocean zone could be ten times higher than thought, a unique oceanic survey has revealed.
Biomass estimates for the ocean’s second layer have been revised from one thousand million tonnes to a figure at least ten times the size – ten thousand million.
The figure appears in the journal Nature Communications and is based on acoustic surveying of mesopelagic fish, species found between 200 and 1000 metres below sea level.
At this depth, little commercial fishing is done. Lantern fish (Myctophidae) and cyclothonids (Gonostomatidae) are commonplace.
The study was undertaken as part of the 32,000 nautical mile Malaspina Expedition 2010, an interdisciplinary research project assessing global change on oceans and biodiversity.
Renewed fish stocks mean a drastic alteration to oceanic carbon absorption estimates. Instead of CO2 sinking from the surface, more carbon will be rapidly transported 500 and 700 metres below and released in the form of faeces.
This is according to Xabier Irigoien, research leader, and he added: "Mesopelagic fish actively accelerate the flow for transporting organic material from the upper layers of the water column where the bulk of the organic carbon from the flow of sediment particles is lost.”
The role of fish in the biogeochemical cycles of ocean ecosystems and global ocean has to be reconsidered, as it is likely to be breathing between 1 per cent and 10 per cent of primary production in deep water, "said Mr Irigoien.
The study posited that excretion of material from the surface may help explain unexplained microbial respiration recorded in deep oceans.
Mesopelagic fish therefore could represent a link between plankton and top predators, the paper added.
Furthermore, the study stated that efficiency of energy transfer could be higher than experts previously thought.
The report also showed the close relationship between primary fishing production and ocean fish biomass.
You can read more by clicking here.
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The Bahá’í religion is the youngest independent religion in the world, founded in Iran in 1844 and has 6 million believers worldwide. The belief was officially introduced in the United States during the World’s Religions meeting in Chicago in 1893. In 1903, a plan emerged to construct a Baha’i temple; however, the two world wars delayed the construction. The French-Canadian architect Louis Bourgeois, who converted to the Bahá’í faith, began working on the Baha’i House of Worship in 1920 in Wilmette, Illinois. The construction was finally over in 1953, but unfortunately, neither Bourgeois nor the stone carver John Earley who made the intricate details could not live until then.
The architect of the Baha’i House of Worship integrated universal symbols into the intricate façade of the structure, reflecting the Baha’i belief in the unity of all religions.
Bourgeois merged architectural styles from different periods and cultures while designing the temple. He used neoclassical symmetry, Gothic ribbing, Renaissance dome, Romanesque entresol, and also Islamic tracery. There are also the symbols of various religions on the façade such as the Star of David, crosses, and the Islamic star and crescent.
Today, there are only nine Baha’i temples that share certain architectural features. For example, all Baha’i temples are nonagonal as the number nine signifies oneness and unity in Baha’i belief. Accordingly, the Baha’i House of Worship, the oldest of its kind, has nine sides as well as nine entrances and nine alcoves.
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You will be standing at the Sunken Gardens when you get to the posted coordinates.
The rock formations around the area, and exposed in great detail at the hot pools and sunken Gardens, are the result of a biological action whereas algae growing in the Portneuf River precipitate the CaCo3 to form reefs, damming the water and growing until the river shifts course and leaves the reef high and dry.
It is the action responsible for the water falls in the Portneuf River.
One of the major events that shaped the lower Portneuf valley, particularly here at this location, was the Bonneville flood.
Lake Bonneville was a large lake that at its largest extent covered about 20,000 square miles of central Utah.
Lake Bonneville was one of several large lakes that were formed in the interior regions of the Intermountain West during the Pleistocene as snow and ice melted at the end of the last ice age.
About 14,500 years ago the lake broke through its shore near Red Rock Idaho, spilling a huge volume of water north through the Portneuf Gap at the southern end of Pocatello.
This flood may have lasted for more than a year, and at its peak had a flow of as much as 33 million cubic feet per second.
Local effects of the flood can be seen in the way that the lava flows were exposed and shaped in the lower Portneuf valley and seen here in Lava Hot Springs.
The Lava Hot Pools will be just below you in the gated area.
Bubbling out of natural underground springs, the hot water is laden with Minerals, but has no sulfur and therefore no bad odor.
Over 3 million gallons a day course through the springs and are diverted into the Portneuf River keeping the springs ever changing and clean.
hese springs are produced by the very slow circulation of water to depths of 3,000 meters, where it is heated.
These waters then recirculate to the surface through various cracks and crevices in the earth's surface as hot springs.
Springs are defined as places where groundwater is discharged at a specific location.
They vary dramatically as to the amount of water they discharge.
Some of the water may have traveled great distances underground before resurfacing as a spring.
When we talk about hot or thermal springs, these are defined as springs where the temperature of water lies significantly above the mean annual air temperature of the region.
The temperature and rate of discharge of hot springs depend on factors such as the rate at which water circulates through the system of underground channelways, the amount of heat supplied at depth, and the extent of dilution of the heated water by cool ground water near the surface.
To log this EarthCache you must take a picture of yourself, or group member, holding your GPS and showing the Sunken Garden area. Also answer one of the following Questions in an email to me, do not answer in log (encrypted or not).
1. Tell me what you think caused the dark holes that are found in the lava rock in this area?
2. Tell me what you think is the range of temperature that is found in the Hot Pools here in Lava Hot Springs?
This list shows the chemical analysis of the mineral water in the Lava Hot Pools
Alkalinity Carbonate as CO3...0mg/l
Alkalinity bicarbonate as HCO3....534 mg/l
Alkalinity Total as CaCO3...438mg/l
Nitrate and nitrite as N...0.31mg/l
Hardness as CaCo3...372mg/l
pH is about 5.2
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World History Chapter 13 & 14
Card Set Information
World History Chapter 13 & 14
the middle ages
the gradual decline of the roman empire ushered in an era of european history called...
also called the medieval period
the middle ages
what three things altered government, economy, and culture?
1. disruption of trade
2. downfall of cities
3. population shifts- became mostly rural
In the roman province of Gaul, a germanic people called ______ held power
The leader of the Franks that eventually brought christianity to this region
to adapt to rural conditions, the church built religious communities called _____
the popes office
Charles Martels son, pepin the short, began the righn of the frankish rule called the ______
Pepins son, Charles, was known as _____ or Charles the Great
a military and politicla system based on land ownership and personal loyalty
Germanic people that were also called Northmen and Norsemen, also worshiped warlike gods
a group of nomadic people attacked europe after the viking invasions declined
Instead of settling on the captured land, what did the magyars do?
captured people to sell as slaves
a person recieving a fief
the feudal pyramid
2. nobles and church officials
mounted warriors who pledged to defend their lords land in exchange for fiefs
what 3 group did medievil writers classify people into?
1. those who fought (nobles and knights)
2. those who prayed (men and women of the church)
3. those who worked (peasants)
people who could not lawfully leave the place they were born
what was the difference between serfs and slaves?
serfs could not be sold or bought
the lords estate
the basic economic agreement that rested on a set of rights and obligations between a lord and his serfs
what did peasants pay taxes on?
-all grain ground in the lords mill
a tithe represent ____ of their income
what did the fuedal lords give the knights in exchange for military service?
a complex set of ideals
the code of chivalry
the code of chivalry demanded that a knight fought bravely in defense of what 3 masters
1. feudal lord
2. heavenly lord
3. chosen lady
the ideal knight was ___, ____, ____
loyal, brave, courageous
poet musicians at the castles and courts of europe
In a feudal system what few things could noblewomen do?
-inherit an estate from their husband
-send his knights to war (upon lords request)
-when her husband was off at war, she could act as a military leader or warrior
everlasting life in heaven
important religios ceremonies
the law of the church
the 2 harshest punishments for violating the canon law were?
excommunication and interdict
the strongest kingdom after the death of Charlemagne
Holy Roman Empire
a ceremony in which kings and nobles appointed church officials
A compromise that said the church alone could grant a bishop his ring and staff, symbols of the church office, and the emperor had to right to veto power to prevent the appointment of a bishop
Concordat of Worms
a practice where the positions in the church were sold by bishops
an italian man that founded the franciscans (order of friars)
st. francis of assisi
a holy war
this pope issued a call for a crusade t0o gain control of the holy land
Pope Urban II
what was the goal of the crusade?
torecover Jerusalem and ther Holy land from the muslim turks
what did the kings and the pope see the crusades as?
a time to get rid of the quarrelsome knights who fought each other
how did the merchants make profit in the later crusades?
-making cash loans to finance the crusades
-leased their ships
a muslim leader that jersulem had fallen under
an english king that was the only king left to regain the holy land in the third crusade
Richard the Lion-Hearted
long effort to drive the muslims out spain
a tribunal held by the church to supress heresy
people whose religious beliefs differed from the teachings of the church
a system whee farmers could grow crops on two thirds of their land each year
three- field system
an association of people that worked in the same occupation
a sin that forbid christians from leanding money at interest
the everyday language of their homeland
a scholar that argued the most basic religious truths could be proven by logical argument
duke of Normandy
William the Conqueror
King Henry II added holdings of land in Normandy and England by marrying _______
Eleanor of Aquitaine
what 2 goals did the english kings try to accomplish?
1. wanted to hold and add onto their french lands
2. wanted to strengthen their own power over the nobles and the church
the most celebrated document in english hostory that was drawn up by english nobles
the magna carta (great charter)
what did the nobles want out of the magna carta?
to safeguard their own feudal rights and limit the kings power
what are the guarenteed rights of the magna carta?
-no taxation without representation, a jury trial, and the protection of the law
a legislature group
the knights and burgesses (citizens of wealth and property) formed an assembly called ____: while the bishops and lords met seperately at the __________
the house of commons; house of lords
a powerful capetian that became king at 15 and went out to lessen the power of english kings in france
King Phillip II
king Phillip established royal officials called _____ to strenghten central government in france
Philip II's saintly grandson
Pope Clement V moved from Rome to _______, in France
the split or division in the church
the great schism
an englishmen that preached the true head of the church was Jesus Christ. He also taught that the bible was the final authority for christian life
a professor of Bhemia taught that the authority of the Bible was higher than the pope
who was blamed for bringing on the blubonic plaque by poisoning the wells
how many europeans died from the plaque?
what war broke out when the last capetian died without a succesor?
hundred years' war
a french peasant girl that felt moved by God to rescue france from its english conquerors
joan of arc
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The Standedge Tunnels are four parallel tunnels beneath the Pennines in northern England. Three are railway tunnels and the other is a canal tunnel. They are located at the Standedge crossing point between Marsden and Diggle, across the boundary between the West Yorkshire and Greater Manchester conurbations. Before boundary changes in 1974, both ends of the tunnel were in the West Riding of Yorkshire.
The canal tunnel is on the Huddersfield Narrow Canal. It opened in 1811 and is the longest and oldest of the four and is the longest and highest canal tunnel in the United Kingdom. The first, single-track railway tunnel was completed by the London and North Western Railway in 1848 on the line between Huddersfield and Manchester and a second, parallel, single-track tunnel opened in 1871. The LNWR opened a third, double-track tunnel in 1894. All four tunnels are linked by cross-tunnels or adits at strategic intervals, which allowed the railway tunnels to be built quickly, reducing the need for construction shafts, as waste could be removed by boat.
Copyright: CC 3.0
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Teaching reading skills in a secondary self-contained classroom can be tough. Most of our students are reading significantly below their grade levels. Many times, we are also dealing with students at a wide variety of reading levels. The biggest challenge is often finding materials that are not only at the students’ instructional reading levels but also of high interest. Yes, there are a lot of moving parts when planning for reading. However, there are ways to ensure reading in fun, functional, and age appropriate.
Teach students to use graphic organizers during guided reading. Make sure you use ones that are related to the skills you are trying to teach (ex: wh questions, sequencing, etc.) Once your students are well-versed, you can have them try using the graphic organizer for independent reading. One thing I love to do to as a visual prompt for students to understand when they need to stop and add a detail to a graphic organizer is to take a sticky note and stick it on the page where they need to stop and read.
Thankfully, there are tons of adapted texts available for secondary students. News 2 You is an awesome way to implement social studies reading while maintaining a lower reading level. Curriculums like Reading to Standards by the Attainment Company also include adapted texts, such as Holes and Number the Stars. They even give students exposure to timeless poetry, such as Still I Rise by Maya Angelou. There are tons of adapted text on the website http://www.ric.edu/sherlockcenter/wwslist.html.
Ever have that the issue of finding age-appropriate picture books for read alouds, but the text is way too advanced? Try modifying the text. You can simply change the text and overlay it over the text in the books. I recently adapted the text for The Empty Pot, a picture book about honesty. More mature picture books are hard to come by, so it made a great text to use with my students.
With adapted texts, you can also add in repeated storylines. I find lines of texts that are repeated help with fluency as well as maintaining attention to the story. If you have non-vocal learners, you can easily program the repeated lines in to a communication device. You can also use the awesome recordable answer buzzers to record repeated lines.
Nothing’s more fun than playing teacher. Last year I had my students work on fluency skills together. I created a datasheet for the instructor as to how to test their peer on data. Not only does this give students a chance to practice fluency, it also opens up the opportunity for students to interact in a meaningful way.
What do you find challenging about teaching reading to your secondary learners?
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L’mass extinction attributable to man has actually mutilated the tree of life, inflicting the loss not solely of ‘twigs’, i.e. speciesbut in addition of actual ‘branches’ that group collectively a number of associated species, the so-called genres: 73 these of vertebrate animals which have already disappeared from the face of the Earthwith an extinction charge that’s 35 occasions increased in comparison with the common of the earlier million years. The alarm was raised by the examine revealed within the journal of the American Academy of Sciences (Pnas) by Gerardo Ceballos of the Nationwide Autonomous College of Mexico and Paul Ehrlich of Stanford College in america.
Contemplating that public and scientific curiosity has to this point targeted on the extinction of species, the 2 researchers determined to additional broaden the sphere by verifying the scenario at the next taxonomic stage, that of genera. To do that, they collected data on the conservation standing of 5,400 genera of vertebrate animals dwelling on landfor a complete of 34,600 speciesprimarily based on varied databases corresponding to these of the Worldwide Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and Birdlife Worldwide.
From the outcomes it emerged that 73 genera of terrestrial vertebrates have already grow to be extinct from 1,500 to in the present day. The birds suffered the heaviest losses with the disappearance of 44 sons-in-law, adopted so as by mammals, amphibians And reptiles. Based mostly on the historic charge of extinction of genera amongst mammals (estimated by Anthony Barnosky, professor emeritus of integrative biology on the College of California at Berkeley), the present extinction charge of vertebrate genera is 35 occasions increased than that of the final million yearsthe. Which means, with out human affect, solely two genera would probably have been misplaced. In actuality, nevertheless, the human actions of the final 5 centuries have triggered a wave of style extinctions that will in any other case have occurred in 18,000 yearsa lot in order that the authors of the examine communicate of a “organic extermination”.
“What we’re shedding – underlines Ehrlich – are our solely recognized dwelling companions in your complete universe”. “As scientists – provides Ceballos – we should be cautious to not be alarmist”, however the gravity of the outcomes on this case requires extra highly effective language than regular. “It might be immoral to not clarify the extent of the issue, provided that we and different scientists are alarmed.” When a species turns into extinct, explains Ceballos, different species of the identical genus can usually fill not less than a part of its function within the ecosystem, conserving the same genetic heritage and evolutionary potential. However when whole ‘branches’ (genera) fall, an enormous gap stays within the ‘cover’ of biodiversity that he can make use of tens of hundreds of thousands of years to regrowa time that humanity can’t afford to attend.
A mass extinction of genera, specialists level out, might trigger many issues, each worsening the local weather change and by encouraging the unfold of infectious ailments. Now we have already had a primary style of it with the rise within the unfold of Lyme illness, transmitted by white-footed mouse ticks which have elevated dramatically as a result of decline of their opponents and predators.
To forestall this disastrous cascade of occasions, specialists are calling for unprecedented political, financial and social motion to be taken now. Particularly, they suggest higher conservation efforts particularly in tropical areas, which have the best focus of genus extinctions and genera with just one species remaining.
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I’m a journalist with over 6 years of expertise working within the information trade. I at the moment work as an creator for International Happenings, and my protection focuses on Know-how information. I’ve written for varied publications, together with Reuters, The New York Instances and The Guardian.
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inventions and experiments, and his contributions to society. Franklin endlessly worked toimprove the lives of his fellow citizens. Since Franklin was a statesman, journalist, diplomat, inventor, and philosopher he was always in the middle of everything of importance. When the lightning struck the rod it sent the electricity down the wire and into the ground. As he was leaving Independence hall a lady asked him,. He had fairly humble beginning. According to Kemp, Franklin saw the Colonies as an extension of equals that deserved the same rights as the british in the mother country. He worked as a journeyman for one of Philadelphias two print shops.
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He printed the laws of the Pennsylvania assembly, as well as the laws of other businesses using his printing company. He found work as an apprentice printer and the governor of Pennsylvania took a liking to him. Ben helped during the French and Indian war, helped write and also signed the Declaration of Independence, helped to ratify the constitution, and was against slavery. He noticed that the highest piece of metal around was hit by lightning, so Franklin devised a plan to place the rod next to buildings and run it into the ground, causing the electricity to hit the ground and. Benjamin Franklin had many accomplishments. He was the true rags to riches story.
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A subject matter expert We set the bar of quality high, and heres how we. You can benefit from our essays for sale, custom-written writing assignments and more. All of our more thanRead more
Blackpool Winter Gardens, on New York's, broadway, where Tiller had a dance school, and at hundreds of other theatres throughout. The ladies were then in their late 60s and early 70s, a fantasticRead more
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Metadata is "data that provides information about other data". Two types of metadata exist: structural metadata and descriptive metadata. Structural metadata is data about the containers of data. Descriptive metadata uses individual instances of application data or the data content.
Metadata was traditionally in the card catalogs of libraries. As information has become increasingly digital, metadata is also used to describe digital data using metadata standards specific to a particular discipline. Describing the contents and context of data or data files increases their usefulness. For example, a web page may include metadata specifying what language the page is written in, what tools were used to create it, and where to find more information about the subject; this metadata can automatically improve the reader's experience.
The main purpose of metadata is to facilitate in the discovery of relevant information, more often classified as resource discovery. Metadata also helps organize electronic resources, provide digital identification, and helps support archiving and preservation of the resource. Metadata assists in resource discovery by "allowing resources to be found by relevant criteria, identifying resources, bringing similar resources together, distinguishing dissimilar resources, and giving location information."
Konica Minolta, Inc.(コニカミノルタ,Konika Minoruta) is a Japanese technology company headquartered in Marunouchi, Chiyoda, Tokyo, with offices in 49 countries worldwide. The company manufactures business and industrial imaging products, including copiers, laser printers, multi-functional peripherals (MFPs) and digital print systems for the production printing market. Konica Minolta's Managed Print Service (MPS) is called Optimised Print Services. The company also makes optical devices, including lenses and LCD film; medical and graphic imaging products, such as X-ray image processing systems, colour proofing systems, and X-ray film; photometers, 3-D digitizers, and other sensing products; and textile printers.
Konica Minolta was formed by a merger between Japanese imaging firms Konica and Minolta, announced on January 7, 2003 with the Corporate Structure completing the re-organization in October 2003. Different group companies, such as the operations in the headquarters and national operating companies began the process around the same time, however the exact dates vary for each group company.
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Sailing Terms with the letter 'F'
Fathom- A unit of length equal to 6 feet (1.8 m), roughly measured as the distance between a man's outstretched hands.
Fender- An air or foam filled bumper used in boating to keep boats from banging into docks or each other.
Figurehead- Symbolic image at the head of a traditional sailing ship or early steamer.
Fireship- A ship loaded with flammable materials and explosives and sailed into an enemy port or fleet either already burning or ready to be set alight by its crew (who would then abandon it) in order to collide with and set fire to enemy ships.
First rate-The classification for the largest sailing warships of the 17th through 19th centuries. They had 3 masts, 850+ crew and 100+ guns.
To repair a mast or spar with a fillet of wood.
To secure an anchor on the side of the ship for sea (otherwise known as "catting".)
First Lieutenant-In the Royal Navy, the senior lieutenant on board; responsible to the Commander for the domestic affairs of the ship's company. Also known as 'Jimmy the One' or 'Number One'. Removes his cap when visiting the mess decks as token of respect for the privacy of the crew in those quarters. Officer i/c cables on the forecastle. In the U.S. Navy the senior person in charge of all Deck hands.
First Mate-The Second in command of a ship.
Flag hoist- A number of signal flags strung together to convey a message, e.g. "England expects...".
Flank- The maximum speed of a ship. Faster than "full speed".
Flatback- A Great Lakes slang term for a vessel without any self unloading equipment.
Flemish Coil- A line coiled around itself to neaten the decks or dock.
Flog- To beat, to punish.
Fluke- The wedge-shaped part of an anchor's arms that digs into the bottom.
Fly by night- A large sail used only for sailing downwind, requiring little attention.
Following sea- Wave or tidal movement going in the same direction as a ship.
Foot- The bottom of a sail.
Footloose- If the foot of a sail is not secured properly, it is footloose, blowing around in the wind.
Footrope- Each yard on a square rigged sailing ship is equipped with a footrope for sailors to stand on while setting or stowing the sails.
Forecastle- A partial deck, above the upper deck and at the head of the vessel; traditionally the sailors living quarters. Pronounced "focsle". The name is derived from the castle fitted to bear archers in time of war.
Founder- To fill with water and sink → Wiktionary.
Fore- Towards the bow (of the vessel).
Forefoot-The lower part of the stem of a ship.
Foremast jack-An enlisted sailor, one who is housed before the foremast.
Forestays-Long lines or cables, reaching from the front of the vessel to the mast heads, used to support the mast.
Freeboard-The height of a ship's hull (excluding superstructure) above the waterline. The vertical distance from the current waterline to the lowest point on the highest continuous watertight deck. This usually varies from one part to another.
Full and by- Sailing into the wind (by), but not as close-hauled as might be possible, so as to make sure the sails are kept full. This provides a margin for error to avoid being taken aback (a serious risk for square-rigged vessels) in a tricky sea. Figuratively it implies getting on with the job but in a steady, relaxed way, without undue urgency or strain.
Furl-To roll or wrap a sail around the mast or spar to which it is attached.
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Written by Dylan Smith, head of Dedeben Research Centre, Tswalu Foundation
It was incredible to witness a struggle between a dwarf beaked snake (Dipsina multimaculata) and a barking gecko (Ptenopus garrulous) while out in the field recently.
From the outset, the snake appeared to have the upper hand, but the gecko did not go down without a struggle!
Dwarf beaked snakes are mildly venomous, but are virtually harmless to humans. They usually hide at the base of a bushes or rocks from which they ambush lizards (and in this case geckos).
The snake exhibited classic constrictor behaviour while subduing its prey. The extraordinary ability of the snake to distend its jaws while swallowing large prey items was clearly evident and totally fascinating to watch.
However, it was not long before this classic predator-prey interaction was over.
As both predators and prey, snakes form a key link in the food chain, helping to maintain a healthy ecosystem and environment.
There is still much research needed in this particular field, but the role of predators cannot be overestimated in maintaining healthy ecosystems.
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Skip to Main Content
Humidification of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) is needed to prevent the electrolyte from drying out, and prevents the flow of protons through the electrolyte and membranes. Humidifying either electrodes or both is expected to affect the performance enhancement of these cells. In order to establish this effect, an experimental study is conducted on a four-cell stack with an active cell area of 140 cm2 and a built-in, membrane humidifier on the cathode side to analyze how humidifying just the cathode side of the stack varies from humidifying both the cathode and anode sides. A multi-station test bench and a humidification bottle are used to evaluate how varying the humidification on both electrodes affects the performance of the stack. Tests are conducted at various loads and a constant dew-point temperature first without the humidification bottle on the anode side, and then with the bottle to evaluate how humidification of both electrodes affects the fuel cell stack. Various polarization curves are established from the experimental data, and the relationship between different dew-point temperatures and humidifying both electrodes is determined graphically. The effect of varying current densities and corresponding voltages is also investigated from the experimental data.
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You can listen to this audiobook in formats: MPEG4, WAV, MP3, Shorten, WMA Lossless, WavPack, FLAC, WMA (compression TAR.BZ, CAB, TAR.Z, ZIP, RAR, DMG, 7-ZIP)
Total pages original book: 64
Includes a PDF summary of 7 pages
Duration of the summary (audio): 5M (1.4 MB)
Description or summary of the audiobook: Primary History: Tudors encourages the study of written sources, images, maps, timelines and key figures to understand the influence of the Tudor period on today's society. Pupils will discover the lives of their ancestors through stimulating activities covering monarchs, the Armada, religion, and levels of society within town and countryside. * Choose from a range of activities to suit your class.* Differentiate using a variety of writing-based tasks.* Explore history topics through creative role-plays and art and design work.* Ideal as accessible research resources for topic work.
Other categories, genre or collection: Teaching Of A Specific Subject, British & Irish History, History Books for Kids
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Activism is the process by which individuals or groups use action to bring about social or political change. Those who take part in activism campaigns are called activists, and they can be anyone from students to business leaders, celebrities, or other people in positions of power. Activism can take on many forms, and there are many different ways that activists can get their message across and influence change. A common way that activists spread the word is through rallies or marches, but... więcej
Salem Press Encyclopedia, 2020. 2p.
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|Name: _________________________||Period: ___________________|
This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.
Short Answer Questions
1. How is David's father's grave marked?
2. What does Aunt Mae ask her friend, Flora, to do for her in "Chapter 6"?
3. Why does Aunt Mae leave for Nashville?
4. How old is David in "Chapter 10"?
5. Where is Mr. Farney from originally?
Short Essay Questions
1. What happens when the preacher comes to visit David in "Chapter 9"?
2. How does David meet Jo Lynne?
3. What does David do after finding his mother in "Chapter 9"?
4. Where do David and Jo Lynne go on their first date?
5. Why does David want to bury his mother by himself?
6. What happens when Aunt Mae asks Flora for help in "Chapter 6"?
7. In "Chapter 8," how do David's former classmates affect him?
8. Why do David and the conductor form a relationship in "Chapter 10"?
9. What happens when the war ends in "Chapter 6"?
10. How does Aunt Mae help David with his love life in "Chapter 7"?
Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:
Essay Topic 1
How does the author use inner monologue to develop David's character? How is this effective or ineffective? Why? Define inner monologue and give examples of its use in the book.
Essay Topic 2
Consider the author's personal history as it relates to "The Neon Bible." Toole was only 16 when he wrote this novel, how does that affect the text?
Essay Topic 3
What role does religion play in this novel? Discuss how the author uses religion in the novel. How does it affect the characters in the novel? Give examples of the use of religion and quotes to support your discussion.
This section contains 619 words
(approx. 3 pages at 300 words per page)
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Teach our children to apologize and say sorry, it may seem simple, but teaching how to say I'm sorry goes beyond words, it involves developing empathy and feeling that I'm sorry.
On many occasions, we force children to apologize and ask for forgiveness, but we see how they say I feel it reluctantly, as a conditioned response, without a true understanding of the nature of the apology.
What happens when we force the child to say sorry?
When we force the child to apologize, we get it done quickly and accurately, almost automatically. But those words, in most cases, are empty of emotional meaning.
When we force the child, to say sorry, we are not teaching him the meaning of those words, let alone help him to put himself in the place of the other. The apology starts with empathy when we put ourselves in the place of the other, and we know how it feels, we can say a real sorry and goes beyond the words providing emotional support to the other person.
So by forcing the child to say sorry, we get an automatic response, but we are not developing their empathy or social skills. Children learn to say sorry as a way to fix their mistake and avoid a scolding or punishment. And in most cases, they have not put themselves in the place of the other, and in many cases, they do not know what the words sorry mean, more than a way to save them from a negative consequence.
How can we teach the child to say sorry?
1. It is important to go beyond words. The words are the least, forget the words you have to say and focus on understanding the meaning of the apology, and leave aside the saying sorry.
2. Before forcing him to apologize, allow him some time to reflect on what he has done. In many occasions, the time to apologize is full of high emotional tension, since before there has been a conflict. It is important to leave time for reflection and relaxation, before saying sorry.
3. Help him develop his empathy and understand the consequences of his actions, for this instead of asking the child to apologize quickly, teach him/her to ask "Are you okay? Can I help you with something? Can I do something to make you feel better? Do you need a hug? Etc ... in this way when asking the other, they leave aside their selfishness and are able to put themselves in the place of the other.
4. Use an informative and educational tone when you teach them how to say sorry, avoid the punitive tone and punishments, if you do so the child will learn to say I feel them avoid punishment.
5. Teach them also to accept the apologies and to thank when someone else tells them I'm sorry. The apology has a meaning and the situation is resolved when the other accepts the apology and thanks to them.
In the picture: Me & my little one🙈
#MommyBuddingDiary #BBCreatorsClub #Child Behaviour
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February 19, 2013
NASA Regains Communications With Space Station After Morning Disruption
Lee Rannals for redOrbit.com — Your Universe OnlineBBC.
NASA said it was only able to communicate with the astronauts aboard the ISS every 90 minutes when it passed over a ground station in Russia.
"This is the same way they used to do it in the 1960s, with Gemini and Apollo," NASA spokesman Josh Byerly told CNN's David Ariosto.
He said something went wrong around 9:45 a.m. this morning and the orbiting outpost lost all communications, including voice and command, from Houston. However, NASA said communications were restored less than three hours later.
Space station commander Kevin Ford was able to radio in to Moscow while the laboratory was orbiting over Russia. At 11:00 a.m., Houston asked the crew to connect another computer to begin the process of restoring communications. Ford was able to radio in later on that the station's status was fine, and they were doing well. Shortly thereafter, communication was restored.
NASA typically communicates to the station through three communications satellites, transmitting voice, video and data. This isn't the first time an interruption like this occurred, according to NASA.
Former astronaut Jerry Linenger told the Washington Post this is good training for an eventual mission to Mars, because during that long trip, communications are bound to be going down.
Byerly said the space station crew members have been simulating communication delays and downtimes in the past few weeks to see how activity could work on a future Mars mission.
Other than dealing with the loss of communications while orbiting the Earth, station crew members also performed other activities today. Ford spent his morning working with InSpace-3, which examines colloidal fluids classified as smart materials. Flight Engineer Tom Marshburn began his day with a blood draw to provide a snapshot of his health, and he also collected water samples from dispensers on both the Russian and U.S. sides of the complex.
Flight Engineer Chris Hadfield performed a routine scrubbing of the cooling loops of the U.S. spacesuits, which helps to ensure the suits are ready for use. Russian Flight Engineer Evgeny Tarelkin participated in the Relaksatisya Earth-observation experiment, studying chemical luminescent reactions in Earth's atmosphere. Flight Engineer Oleg Novitskiy, the other Russian onboard, conducted medical examinations with Tarelkin in their lower legs to keep Russian flight officials up-to-date on their health.
Flight Engineer Roman Romanenko has spent the day unloading about 2.9 tons of cargo that arrived February 11, when the ISS Progress 50 cargo craft docked with the station less than six hours after its launch from Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.
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1. An acronym for Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor. CMOS is a widely used type of semiconductor. CMOS semiconductors use both NMOS (negative polarity) and PMOS (positive polarity) circuits. At any given time, only one of the circuit types is on. Beneficially, CMOS chips require less power than chips using just one type of transistor.
2. A transistor technology. One use of CMOS is for low power memory that stores information about configurations. CMOS technology is very sensitive to static electricity.
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Abraham Lincoln learns the art of war in the hope that one day Americans will lay down their swords and shields and study war no more. The story spans the Civil War from 1861 through the Fall of Richmond in April 1865.
Did You Know?
When Lincoln is shown visiting Richmond, Virginia after its occupation by the Union Army, he passes by the bodies of a number of dead Confederate soldiers lying in the streets, implying there had been a battle for the city. In fact, Confederate General Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia had abandoned the city without resistance and moved west before the Union forces arrived. See more
[Showing the president a book
Here's a Napoleon. You still need it?
[Closing the book he was reading
No. I've been through the Seven Year War, the Thirty Year War, and the Hundred Year War. I need a furlough. You know what I've learned from all these, John, is how easy it is to be an expert after the shootin's over.
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|2. Understanding Corrosion|
2.9 Resistance Polarization
Resistance (Ohmic) Polarization
It is known that current is transported from the anode to the cathode by ions in the electrolyte and in the metallic path from the anode to cathode. Because of their normal high conductivity, metals offer little resistance to the current flow in the metallic path. However, resistance can be encountered if the distance between the anode and cathode is appreciable.
The problem of the ohmic polarization may be significant where this current flows from the anode to the cathode in an electrolyte, depending on the resistance of the electrolyte.
The figure below shows the effect of ohmic resistance on the current.
Consider an electrolyte such as seawater with a low resistivity or high conductivity represented by R. In the seawater as electrolyte, the anodic and cathodic polarization curve would intersect at the point R, where the potentials of the anode and the cathode are polarized at the same value.
If the resistivity of the solution is high, a potential drop (iR) would result from the flow of the current, the resistivity and the potential of the anode and cathode would differ.
The reason is that the potential drop (iR) diminishes the driving force of activation polarization reaction and the anodic and cathodic reactions are not polarized to the same potentials. The situation is represented by R2 in the figure. On further increasing the electrolyte resistance, the magnitude of the ohmic drop would further increase as shown by R3 in the figure. With increasing the resistance offered by the electrolytes, the magnitude of the corrosion current would decrease as shown by R1, R2 and R3 in the figure.
Interestingly, increasing the solution resistance offers a good method of controlling corrosion as decreasing corrosive current means decreasing corrosion.
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In this language arts worksheet, learners examine a list of 30 mixed common and proper nouns. Students indicate which words should be capitalized and write them out correctly.
5 Views 45 Downloads
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How much pressure is in a tornado?
The current record pressure decrease in a tornado was 5.72 inches, which was recorded in April 2007 by a private storm-chaser. That drop brought the pressure from 30.00 inches to 24.28 inches.
What air pressure causes tornadoes?
We do know the necessary conditions needed for tornado formation. A tornado is a powerful column of winds that rotate around a center of low pressure. … For a thunderstorm to produce a tornado requires warm humid air near the surface with cold dry air above.
Does pressure drop before a tornado?
The air pressure will drop near a tornado. Many people near a tornado tell of their ears “popping” due to the pressure change. damage. windows alone.
What is the lowest pressure in a tornado?
In less than a minute, the pressure dropped to 850 millibars (25.10 inHg), which are the greatest pressure decline and the lowest pressure ever recorded at the Earth’s surface when adjusted to sea level.
What are the Tornado Levels?
The Fujita Scale
|F-Scale Number||Intensity Phrase||Wind Speed|
|F0||Gale tornado||40-72 mph|
|F2||Significant tornado||113-157 mph|
|F3||Severe tornado||158-206 mph|
|F4||Devastating tornado||207-260 mph|
What are the 3 warning signs that a tornado may occur?
Warning Signs that a Tornado May Develop
- A dark, often greenish, sky.
- Wall clouds or an approaching cloud of debris.
- Large hail often in the absence of rain.
- Before a tornado strikes, the wind may die down and the air may become very still.
- A loud roar similar to a freight train may be heard.
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What is recycling? Is our community aware of what recycling entails? What exactly is expected of each individual to contribute to make recycling a success?
These are questions we should ask ourselves, because recycling has become so important in our everyday lives.
What is the purpose of recycling?
The purpose of recycling is to conserve energy, help the environment, reduce pollution, slow global warming and reduce waste products in landfills. By recycling, people can greatly contribute to the earth’s overall health and keep the air, water and land clean. Recycling is a simple and easy way to help save the environment.
We realize that we need to do more to protect our environment, and in order for that to happen we need to create an awareness.
There is a great lack of recycling knowledge within our community, therefore Bitou Waste Management together with the local libraries have decided to educate the younger generation with the basics of recycling.
Posters, Activities and Pamphlets will be issued to help create the necessary awareness needed. Pamphlets will be issued to schools within the time period.
We invite youngsters to visit their local libraries to find out about the “Recycling Competition” that will be taking place during the duration of the school holidays from 5th October – 9th October 2015.
Please note that for the competition we are targeting Grade.3’s & Grade.7’s. If anyone in a different grade wishes to partake he/she may, but the standard of the competition will be for kids in those two grades.
Other activities will be provided regarding recycling for those who do not take part in the competition.
Each Library will have a winner who will be issued with a prize. Participants who partake will be issued with a certificate.
The different winners in the different libraries will be competing for a grand prize!!
Competition takes place at all local libraries on the following dates:
5 OCT. WITTERDRIFT: 10:00AM – 12:00PM
5 OCT. KURLAND: 14:00PM-16:00PM
6 OCT. NEW HORIZON: 10:00AM- 12:00PM
7 OCT. PLETTENBERG BAY: 10:00AM- 12:00PM
8 OCT. KWANOKUTHULA: 10:00AM – 12:00PM
9 OCT. KRANSHOEK: 10:00AM – 12:00PM
We hope to see you there!!!!!!
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If you were asked, how can global inequalities be addressed? You might instantly think about solutions that focus on income and wealth. But in order to address inequalities, we often need to seek out solutions of more foundational needs: non-monetary dimensions of education, health, social connections and civic engagement. At Enactus NSCC Ivany Campus, we looked around at our neighbourhoods, to where our fellow students lived and thought how can we work together to build a foundation for equality?
As we looked at dimensions of education and health, it was clear to us that we cannot work towards income and wealth, when people are still hungry. The Halifax Food Policy Alliance released a Food Counts report for our regional municipality and this benchmark report indicated that 20 percent of citizens in our local area experience food insecurity, which means that they can’t afford healthy or culturally appropriate food, they can’t easily access it, or both. Municipalities are at the forefront of these concerns, because of loss of agricultural land, sprawling neighbourhood designs, and lack of public transportation. In our commitment to understanding the scope of the food security challenge in our area, the team found another research project, called the Grocery Gap produced by students at Dalhousie University. In this report, it flagged the term “food desert”. “Food deserts are socially distressed neighbourhoods with relatively low average household incomes, a lack of transportation and poor access to healthy food.” Within the Halifax Regional Municipality, the community of East Preston is referred to as a food desert and is an expansive rural Black Nova Scotian community located 30 minutes east of Halifax.
How could we work with the community of East Preston on a food security solution while promoting health, education, social connections, and civic engagement?Introducing project Planting Roots, a social enterprise that uses a sell one, give one model, making garden boxes. Thanks to Northbridge Reducing Inequalities Project Accelerator, we have the money to cover the costs of the start-up materials to build our boxes. Our product is a mortise-and-tenon raised garden box based on a 17th century design, which means no nails or adhesives needed. The garden bed is 8 feet by 4 feet and can be transported flat and assembled in place. The design was important to us, and it is a clean and green design, completed connected to land. We are using reclaimed wood and have hired a local individual with a small mill to prepare the wood for the boxes.
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Did You Know?
More people speak Spanish than English. It’s the second most widely spoken language in the world with 400 million native speakers.
Two Year Course
What do I need to study this course?
Grade 6 in GCSE Spanish.
What will I study?
Students will study topics similar to those at GCSE but from a more mature perspective. These include modern and traditional values, cyberspace, equal rights, modern day idols, Spanish regional identity, cultural heritage, a film called “Ocho apellidos vascos”, immigration, racism, integration, today’s youth tomorrow’s citizens, an individual research project, a play called “Las bicicletas son para el verano”, grammar and translation. Not only does this course offer endless opportunities to discover the true Hispanic culture but also students will be able to experience it themselves by taking part in a trip to Spain..
Studying modern languages will give you excellent career opportunities and life-long skills in today’s international market. Knowledge of another language makes you more employable and stands out in job applications. The department has an excellent record of accomplishment with many students going on to university to study Spanish.
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We need the courage to come together and overcome the wall of silence that surrounds issues of race in today’s America. On the other hand we also need the awareness and the knowledge to enable us to respond to a society where divisive debate leads to increased separation. We’ve got to actively choose to grow the skills to truly see and hear each other so we may begin to build bridges of unity.
We need to learn how to co-create safe spaces where constructive interracial dialogue can naturally unfold. For this reason, creating norms and guidelines with each group is key before entering group conversations.
The principal characters of American Textures modeled the potential of taking risks in dialogue and portrayed the benefits of understanding that grows from opening up, active listening and authentic sharing. This blueprint can help to encourage participants to recognize their own natural abilities for initiating dialogues that help grow a society in which all people can feel safe, no matter what skin color they have!
We cannot all be experts in race relations to support this process. But what we can do is invest our willingness to learn, to be vulnerable and to discover personal blind-spots. We can consciously commit to check our own intentions and help create safe spaces in which constructive dialogues on race can unfold.
Yes we may make mistakes when exploring painful issues, but if we are prepared to recognize and take responsibility for our shortcomings, then they do not have to mark the end of the dialogue. On the contrary, they can become indicators of the thresholds where we start to grow deeper understanding, interconnectedness and forgiveness.
Explore constructive dialogue further on our pages Initiating Interracial Dialogue and Conflict Transformation. Our film American Textures applies intercultural and conflict mediation skills to intergroup dialogue. View the short trailer below.
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One of the world's most powerful birds of prey, the Harpy Eagle is considered to be near extinction in Central America. In an attempt to save them the Peregrine Fund has been captive breeding them and liaising with Programme for Belize (PBF) regarding re-introduction. The first pair of six month old eagles have been released into PFB's Rio Bravo Conservation and Management Area (RBCMA). This new programme aims to re-instate a breeding population of Harpy Eagles within Belizean forests.
Harpy Eagle facts
- Enormous size; up to 1 metre long with a 2-metre wing-span
- Hunt from perches for mammals, in particular sloths and monkeys.
- Extremely rare within Belize due to persecution and loss of habitat.
- Probably no breeding pairs surviving in Belizean forests.
The image depicts Harpy Eagles from 1869 showing their distinctive crest and mammal eating behaviour.
For more information on the re-introduction of Harpy Eagles, see our press release First Ever Harpy Eagle Re-introduction into Programme for Belize forests.
The quarter-million acre RBCMA is the largest private reserve in Belize, owned by Programme for Belize, and was originally purchased in 1989 with support from the World Land Trust and other NGO's. To find out more about this project see the WLT projects pages. For further information about the Peregrine Fund see www.peregrinefund.org.
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In the face of mounting concerns over global warming and climate change, many organizations are recognizing the urgent need to take action. One approach gaining traction is the adoption of net-zero targets. But what exactly are net-zero targets and why are they so important?
In this article, we will delve into the science and practicality of setting achievable net-zero targets.
The concept of ‘net zero’ has become a linchpin in the global effort to manage and reduce global emissions, representing a balance between the amount of greenhouse gases produced and the amount removed from the atmosphere. Achieving a net-zero emissions economy goes beyond an environmental aspiration, towards a critical target for businesses and governments worldwide.
According to the Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi), a net-zero target is achieved when a company or country reaches a state of balance between anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases and anthropogenic removals. This balance is not merely about offsetting emissions but requires substantial and rapid emission reductions. By 2030, emissions should be halved, and by 2050, at least 90% reductions are necessary to align with the global goal of stabilizing temperature increase and keeping global warming to 1.5°C.
SBTi provides a robust and climate science-based framework for companies to set and achieve net-zero targets, ensuring that their emissions reductions align with the latest climate science and contribute meaningfully to limiting global warming.
To have an SBTi-approved net-zero target, companies must adhere to stringent requirements that dictate the depth and speed of emissions reductions.
To align with the SBTi’s Corporate Net-Zero Standard, companies must set science-based targets encompassing all significant emission sources across their value chains, including direct emissions (Scope 1 and 2) and a significant portion of indirect emissions (Scope 3). These could include upstream activities like raw material extraction and downstream activities such as the use of sold products.
Near-term targets should reflect immediate action, achieving a 50% reduction by 2030, while long-term goals require a reduction of over 90% before 2050. After deep reductions, any residual emissions must be neutralized with permanent carbon removal to truly attain a net-zero state per the latest climate science.
The urgency of setting net-zero targets is underscored by the LSE’s Grantham Institute, which highlights the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) assertion that reaching net-zero by 2050 is crucial to meet the goal set by the Paris Climate Agreement of limiting global warming to 1.5°C.
Achieving net-zero is a multifaceted challenge that requires abatement of emissions across all sectors, the development of negative emissions technologies. It is a complex but necessary endeavor to prevent the most dangerous and irreversible effects of climate change on the global net balance.
The global movement towards a net-zero emissions economy is gaining momentum, underpinned by the United Nations’ net-zero Coalition.
This initiative represents a robust coalition of non-state actors, including businesses, cities, financial institutions, and educational institutions, all pledging to set net-zero targets. Their collective commitment is to limit global warming by ensuring a transition to a decarbonized economy and reaching net zero carbon emissions by 2050 at the latest. This aligns with efforts to contain the global temperature rise within 1.5°C, preventing future threats while ensuring sustainable growth. The Coalition underscores the importance of early action to mitigate remaining emissions, fostering a resilient and inclusive future for all.
SBTi presents a meticulous framework in its Net-Zero Standard, a torchbearer for both developing countries, developed nations and the private sector to navigate the complexities of GHG emissions. This standard is not just a set of guidelines; it’s a global pact to keep the rise in global temperatures under the critical threshold of 1.5°C, as stipulated by the Paris Agreement.
Global emissions budget refers to the total amount of greenhouse gas emissions that can be released into the atmosphere over a specific period of time while still limiting temperature increase or global warming to a certain degree. For example, a global emissions budget might specify the total emissions that the world could release over a period of time that is consistent with a given rise in global temperature.
On the other hand Climate budget, also known as a Carbon budget, is a simplified way to measure the additional emissions that can enter the atmosphere to stay below a certain temperature limit. It’s based on the fact that the amount of warming that will occur can be approximated by total CO2 emissions. In simpler terms, it is a finite allowance that our planet can afford to spend if we are to avert the catastrophic overdraft of anthropogenic emissions.
The concept of a “Climate Budget” is a critical framework for global climate policy, functioning much like a fiscal budget for global economy but denominated in carbon emissions. This budget represents the threshold of greenhouse gases that Earth’s atmosphere can absorb without triggering severe climatic shifts. As global temperatures continue to rise, with temperature increase the urgency to adhere to this budget intensifies, compelling nations and businesses to strive for the goal to achieve net-zero by 2050.
As we inch closer to this budget’s depletion, the role of the private sector becomes ever more crucial. Corporations across the globe are now tasked with an imperative mission: to recalibrate their operations and ensure that their long-term strategies align with the global emission reduction trajectory.
In the realm of corporate sustainability, the pursuit of a net-zero target is more than an environmental gesture—it’s a strategic imperative with tangible returns. The ROI for adopting net-zero strategies encapsulates a spectrum of economic, environmental, and social dividends. Enterprises that establish a clear net-zero date are positioning themselves as industry leaders in innovation and consumer trust.
Being a leader in climate action offers many benefits. Looking ahead and moving towards a climate-neutral way of doing things is smart—it means your business can keep up over the long haul in a world where polluting less is becoming the norm. Aiming for a carbon-negative status is a big goal, but it shows that a company is really serious about cutting down on emissions more than what’s expected.
It’s important to put net-zero plans into action. This means changing how we do business so we can cut down on the leftover emissions that are hardest to get rid of. These changes aren’t easy, but they’re a chance to come up with new ideas and solutions in an area that’s still pretty new. And all this work helps with the bigger job of keeping our planet from getting too hot.
Deep decarbonization is key to sustainability and it’s also the cornerstone of a resilient business model. By actively managing and reducing residual emissions, businesses are not only contributing to a healthier planet but are also setting the stage for sustained economic growth. The journey to achieve net-zero is a path lined with opportunities for innovation, growth, and leadership in the new sustainable economy.
To set and achieve net-zero targets effectively, companies must first conduct a comprehensive value chain GHG baseline and footprint assessment.
Here are some steps corporations can take to understand their carbon footprint:
Check our blog to understand this process in more detail – Conducting your first GHG Emissions Inventory
With a clear understanding of emissions, the next step is to establish ambitious yet achievable net-zero targets with interim milestones.
A case in point is the European Union’s Green Deal, which sets a roadmap for the member states to become climate-neutral by 2050. Companies can emulate this approach by setting staged goals, such as a 30% reduction in emissions by 2030, leading up to reaching net- zero by 2050.
Some of the practical ways to develop a decarbonization roadmap are as follows:
Convincing company leadership to commit to net-zero pledges is crucial in the global effort to limit warming. A compelling business case can be drawn from the proactive stance of multinational corporations like Unilever and Google. Unilever has set a target to reach net-zero emissions from all its products by 2039, a move that not only addresses environmental concerns but also capitalizes on the growing consumer demand for sustainable products.
Google, on the other hand, has been carbon-neutral since 2007 and plans to reach net-zero emissions globally by 2030. Their commitment is not just about reducing their footprint but also influencing the entire supply chain to adopt sustainable practices. Google’s leadership understands that sustainability is a driver for innovation, leading to the development of more efficient data centers and cloud solutions that are both cost-effective and environmentally friendly.
These examples demonstrate that the journey to reach net-zero can open up new avenues for growth and profitability, aligning with the financial interests of shareholders and the ethical expectations of consumers. By presenting such case studies, one can illustrate to company leadership that the commitment to limit warming and reach net-zero is not only a moral imperative but also a strategic business decision.
In addition, driving emissions down and working towards a net-zero target can also help companies reduce their risk against future climate and environmental legislations, help recruit, retain and engage employees, attract new customers and build brand loyalty and help the organization be more efficient with reduced operating costs.
Different sectors require customized strategies for reducing emissions. In the energy sector, a transition to renewable sources is paramount. The transport sector could look towards electric vehicle fleets, as seen with companies like Tesla leading the charge in automotive innovation. Manufacturing might focus on process optimization to reduce waste and improve energy efficiency.
Modern tools and technologies are indispensable in monitoring and achieving net-zero targets.
Some efforts worth mentioning in this section are:
Government support in the form of policies and incentives can play a pivotal role in promoting emission reductions and steering the shift towards a low-carbon economy.
Organizations must significantly strengthen their pursuing efforts to back commitments with credible actions. Developed countries, in particular, should take bold climate action to ensure that empty pledges do not undermine the credibility of net-zero targets and the broader sustainability movement.
These organizations must prioritize implementing concrete measures to reduce emissions, such as adopting sustainable energy sources, investing in energy-efficient technologies, and promoting sustainable practices throughout their operations. Transparency in reporting and regular communication of progress are crucial to maintaining trust and demonstrating a genuine commitment to achieving net-zero.
The North Star Carbon Management Tool is a powerful software solution that simplifies the monitoring and reporting of carbon capture and net-zero progress. It streamlines data collection, provides real-time analytics, and generates comprehensive reports, enabling organizations to effectively track their emissions and assess the effectiveness of their sustainability initiatives.
This user-friendly tool offers a range of features, including automating data Transfer and GHG calculations, goal setting, scenario analysis, AI-enabled decarbonization planning and data visualization. It enables organizations to monitor their carbon footprint at various levels, from overall corporate emissions to specific projects or facilities as well as audit reports with just one click. With our tool organizations can gain valuable insights and make data-driven decisions to accelerate progress towards reaching net-zero targets.
Effective implementation of net-zero emissions targets requires a thorough understanding of an organization’s emissions, the development of a comprehensive roadmap, and ongoing monitoring and reporting. The support of governments, the adoption of credible actions, and the use of tools like the NorthStar Carbon Management Software are instrumental in achieving national net zero targets.
Take the next step in your sustainability journey by exploring our tool. Set up a call with us and reach out to us to fathom the power of data-driven sustainability management. Visit our website and schedule a demo today.
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عنوان مقاله [English]
Mites are one of the largest and most diverse subclasses of Arachnida with a worldwide distribution. The order includes 456 families and more than 56,000 species.
In this study, mesostigmatic soil mite fauna was studied as indicators of biodiversity in the 52-hectare Police park of the city of Tehran, Iran. The area of the park was divided into 7 sections in terms of their vegetational and geographical properties. Soil samplings were conducted through theyear and a total of 6167 mite specimens of 80 species were collected. Species diversity was calculated using Simpsons index of diversity and Shannon-Wiener index. Species richness was estimated using Menhinicks index and Margalefs diversity index and species evenness calculation was based on Peet and Hill.
Cheiroseius sp., Halolaelaps sp., Oplitis sp., Asca sp., Androlaelaps aegypticus, Pergamasus falculiger, Gamasiphis pulchellus, Cosmolaelaps lutegiensis, Macrocheles insignitus, Euandrolaelaps karawaiewi, Lasioseius youcefi, Proctolaelaps pygmaeus, Macrocheles peniculatus, Iphidozercon gibbus, Antennoseius masoviae, Pergamasus crassipes and Neogamasus cervicornis are reported here from Tehran for the first time. Uroseius (Apinoseius) sp. is new to Iran.
Cuevas-Reyes, P., Quesada, M., Hanson, P., Dirzo, R. & Oyama, K. (2004) Diversity of gall-inducing insects in a Mexican tropical dry forest: the importance of plant species richness, life-forms, host plant age and plant density. Journal of Ecology 92, 707-716.
Gilyarov, M. S. & Bregetova, N. G. (Eds. ). (1977) Handbook for the Identifcation of Soil-inhabiting Mites, Mesostigmata. Zoological Institute of the Academy of Science, 717 pp. Leningrad [in Russian].
Kazemi, N. (2011) Mites (Acari) in the public opinion and importance of the (Mesostigmata) in agricultural ecosystems. National Conference on Conservation of Biodiversity and Indigenous, Kerman. http://www.civilica.com/Paper-BIODIVERSITY01-BIODIVERSITY01_021.html.
Kazemi, Sh. & Rajaei, A. (2013) An annotated checklist of Iranian Mesostigmata (Acari), excluding the family Phytoseiidae. Persian Journal of Acarology 2(1), 63–158.
Krantz, G. W. (1978). A manual of acarology. 2d ed. Corvallis: Oregon State Univ. Bookstores. 509 pp.
Lindquist, E. E., Krantz, G. W. & Walter, D. E. (2009) Order Mesostigmata in: Krantz, G. W.& Walter, D. E. (Eds.). A manual of Acarology. 124-232. Texas Tech University press Texas USA.
Manu, M. (2011) The influence of some environmental factors on the species diversity of the predator mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) from natural forest ecosystems of Bucegl Massif (Romania). Travaux du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle «Grigore Antipa« 6 (1), 9–20.
Perez-Velazquez, D., Castano-Meneses, A., Callejas-Chavero, G. A. & Palacios-Vargas, J. (2011) Mesostigmatid mite (Acari: Mesostigmata) diversity and abundance in two sites in Pedregal de San Angel Ecological Reserve, Distrito Federal, Mexico. Zoosymposia 6, 255-259.
Sabbatini Peverieri, G., Romano, M., Pennacchio, F., Nannelli, R. & Roversi, P. F. (2011) Gamasid soil mites (Arachnida Acari) as indicators of the conservation status of forests. Redia 4, 53-58.
Salmane, I. (2003) Investigations of Gamasina mites in natural and man-affected soils in Latvia (Acari: Mesostigmata). Proceedings of the 13th International Colloquium European Invertebrate Survey 129-137 pp.
Skorupski, M., Radzikowski, R. & Ceitel, J. (2003) Mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) in experimental oak tree stands at the Siemianice forest experimental station. Acta Silvarum Colendarum Ratio ET Industria Lignaria 2 (2), 91-97.
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This winter season will bring cooler temperatures and ice and snow for some. For most people, shoveling snow may not lead to any health problems. It’s important to know how cold weather can affect your heart, especially if you have cardiovascular disease. People who are outdoors in cold weather should avoid sudden exertion, like lifting a heavy shovel full of snow. Even walking through heavy, wet snow or snow drifts can strain a person's heart.
How does cold weather affect the heart?
Many people aren't conditioned to the physical stress of outdoor activities and don't know the dangers of being outdoors in cold weather. Winter sports enthusiasts who don't take certain precautions can suffer accidental hypothermia.
Hypothermia means the body temperature has fallen below 95 degrees Fahrenheit. It occurs when your body can't produce enough energy to keep the internal body temperature warm enough. It can kill you. Symptoms include lack of coordination, mental confusion, slowed reactions, shivering and sleepiness.
Children, the elderly and those with heart disease are at special risk. As people age, their ability to maintain a normal internal body temperature often decreases. Because elderly people seem to be relatively insensitive to moderately cold conditions, they can suffer hypothermia without knowing they're in danger.
People with coronary heart disease often suffer angina pectoris (chest pain or discomfort) when they're in cold weather. Some studies suggest that harsh winter weather may increase a person's risk of heart attack due to overexertion.
Besides cold temperatures, high winds, snow and rain also can steal body heat. Wind is especially dangerous, because it removes the layer of heated air from around your body. At 30 degrees Fahrenheit in a 30-mile wind, the cooling effect is equal to 15 degrees Fahrenheit. Similarly, dampness causes the body to lose heat faster than it would at the same temperature in drier conditions.
To keep warm, wear layers of clothing. This traps air between layers, forming a protective insulation. Also, wear a hat or head scarf. Heat can be lost through your head. And ears are especially prone to frostbite. Keep your hands and feet warm, too, as they tend to lose heat rapidly.
Don't drink alcoholic beverages before going outdoors or when outside. Alcohol gives an initial feeling of warmth, because blood vessels in the skin expand. Heat is then drawn away from the body's vital organs.
To help make snow removal safer, here is a list of practical tips.
- Give yourself a break. Take frequent rest breaks during shoveling so you don’t overstress your heart. Pay attention to how your body feels during those breaks.
- Don’t eat a heavy meal prior or soon after shoveling. Eating a large meal can put an extra load on your heart.
- Use a small shovel or consider a snow thrower. The act of lifting heavy snow can raise blood pressure acutely during the lift. It is safer to lift smaller amounts more times, than to lug a few huge shovelfuls of snow. When possible, simply push the snow.
- Learn the heart attack warning signs and listen to your body, but remember this: Even if you’re not sure it’s a heart attack, have it checked out (tell a doctor about your symptoms). Minutes matter! Fast action can save lives — maybe your own. Don’t wait more than five minutes to call 9-1-1
- Don’t drink alcoholic beverages before or immediately after shoveling. Alcohol may increase a person’s sensation of warmth and may cause them to underestimate the extra strain their body is under in the cold.
- Consult a doctor. If you have a medical condition, don’t exercise on a regular basis or are middle aged or older, meet with your doctor prior to exercising in cold weather.
- Be aware of the dangers of hypothermia. Heart failure causes most deaths in hypothermia. To prevent hypothermia, dress in layers of warm clothing, which traps air between layers forming a protective insulation. Wear a hat because much of your body’s heat can be lost through your head.
- Learn CPR. Effective bystander CPR, provided immediately after sudden cardiac arrest, can double or triple a victim’s chance of survival. Hands-only CPR makes it easier than ever to save a life. If an adult suddenly collapses, call 9-1-1 and begin pushing hard and fast in the middle of the victim’s chest until help arrives.
- Decongestant and Over-the-Counter Medication information for people with high blood pressure
- Flu and Pneumonia Prevention
- Special needs for children with congenital heart defects
- Heart Attack Warning Signs
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Peptides are short chains of amino acids present in all living creatures. They are easier for the body to absorb than proteins because they are smaller and enter the bloodstream quickly. The body naturally produces peptides but can decline in number and quality as we age. This is why peptide treatments can provide a variety of health benefits.
Types of peptides
Peptides are characterized in three main ways – how many amino acids make up the chain, whether the source is animal or plant, and what functions they have in the body. Their effects on the body depend on the sequence of amino acids they contain.
Dipeptides are created by joining two amino acids together with a peptide bond. They function as antioxidants in the body and help to maintain the pH of cells. Carnosine is an example of a dipeptide that’s present in many areas of the human body. Research suggests it may be beneficial in treating many illnesses.
Tripeptides are created by joining three amino acids together with peptide bonds. Glutathione is a tripeptide that acts as an antioxidant and helps the immune system to function properly.
Oligopeptides are created by bonding of more than two and less than 20 amino acids. They are often used in skincare because they are absorbed at the cellular level and stimulate collagen production, giving the skin a more youthful appearance. Certain types of oligopeptides send a signal to the skin to repair itself, so they help to trigger healing and reduce inflammation.
Polypeptides consist of more than ten amino acids but less than 100. Glucagon is an example of a polypeptide. It is a hormone that triggers glycogen to convert back into glucose so that your body can use it for energy.
Effect of peptides on the body
Some of the benefits of peptide therapy can include but are not limited to the following:
- Accelerate healing processes
- Decrease joint and muscle pain
- Enhance memory
- Boost hormone levels
- Help with sexual dysfunction
- Improve sleep quality
- Lower blood pressure
- Reduce signs of aging
Stimulates the release of aldosterone
Angiotensin is a peptide endocrine hormone that stimulates the release of aldosterone. Aldosterone is a steroid hormone produced in the adrenal gland. It manages the levels of sodium and potassium in the body and impacts blood volume.
Regulates blood pressure
When the arteries stiffen and plaque deposits make vessel walls narrower, it’s harder for blood to flow, and the risks of high blood pressure increase. Some research indicates that the peptide glycine promotes heart health as it reduces blood pressure and protects against arterial damage. It also improves the body’s ability to use nitric oxide, which increases blood flow and lowers blood pressure.
Plays a pivotal role in the milk ejection reflex
Oxytocin is a peptide hormone that consists of nine amino acids. It stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth and is necessary for the milk-ejection reflex. In addition, it triggers the flow of milk from the mammary glands into the mouth of the baby.
Ways of taking peptides
The number of peptides in the body may decline due to aging. This is why peptide therapy can make a difference. Peptides are typically administered directly into the bloodstream through injections, but topical sprays, creams and oral forms of peptides are also available. Peptides can assist in promoting your overall health and wellness with minimal to no side effects as they occur naturally in the body and are well tolerated.
Peptides made in a lab can mimic some of those found in the body. Drip Hydration, LeifeTein and Elementer offer peptide therapy in NYC. This consists of at-home self-administered peptide injections, which offer a wide variety of benefits. There are different types of peptides that can target different areas. Some can help build lean muscle mass and improve athletic performance. Others can modulate the sleep/wake cycle. Then there are those that exhibit anti-aging properties by stimulating collagen production.
You will first consult online with a licensed medical provider to determine if you are a suitable candidate for peptide therapy. You will receive peptide injectables in your home and the materials necessary to self-administer your peptide injections. Treatments can provide health benefits such as immune health, muscle and joint recovery, improved sleep, and longevity.
Taking peptides orally means they go through the digestive process and not directly into the bloodstream. This means they can take longer to work. Peptides are sold in various forms for oral administration, such as pills, powders, and shakes.
Peptides essentially tell cells to perform tasks. They occur naturally in the body, so they are both safe and effective to take. You can experience a variety of benefits to your overall health and well-being with peptide therapy.
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But learning and proper planning can help to speed up and improve the quality of our Indian Education System. The Internet in education can play thousands of practical roles to improve talent in kids. Students can connect with other school students for the same topic by the use of the internet. They are smart enough to know how they can use the internet to search for almost anything. Technology in education: Teachers can use social media to connect with students and share tarasoff case study quotes as well as subject related articles and notes. Jilibian and Ms. V arious r esearches h ave s hown that these tools have a great impact on the t eaching and learning of accounting courses.
But this is only possible if we are going to teach our students what they really need.
- Importance of Internet in education at schools
- Title for research paper about business
- The lack of Information technology infrastructure in schools is a big question mark against Government policies towards computer education.
One time was for typing asdf;lkj and the second time was to play spider solitaire cards game on a windows XP computer. For instance as opposed to sitting down and getting to know how to count, they will opt to get a calculator.
They are born with an intuitive attraction for technology. With each passing day a new software or gadget is being brought into the market that serves to improve our lives in one way or another and make it much easier and also to advance an already existing software or gadget.
Students make use of computers to come up with presentations and also make use of the internet to carry out research on a variety of topics for their essays and papers. Technology has greatly grown to the point sample of cover letter fresh graduate it is also available today to assist those kids who are yet to begin school.
My Essay Point
They believe that this approach is necessary to vacate time in the day for more possible time in the classroom learning core subjects; such as math, English, reading, etc. Shutterstock Every student learns differently, and technology allows educators to accommodate unique learning styles on a case-by-case basis.
- The Internet is a computer technology connected with millions of computers.
- Parents can research about the best career for their kids.
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Students can use the internet to convert their theoretical knowledge into practical. They learn fast but are we giving them the best learning environment? But do you know that I used the computer only 2 essay on role of technology in school life for class 7 in a year?
They are smart enough to know how they can use the internet to search for almost anything. If you asked that same guy the basics of the music he is listening to, I bet you would get a blank stare back.
This gives the guarantee that following their graduation, the students will not have any difficulties with using technology when they are out there in the work place, which might serve to make them more competitive compared to an individual who has no access to a certain software or curriculum vitae para mcdonalds uruguay in school. Knowledge is everywhere and the internet provides us the facilities so that we can access what was not possible in the past at the click of a button today.
How technology is shaping the future of education - Business Insider
Adaptive learning software is quickly replacing the role of textbooks in the classrooms and students are tackling subjects with the aid of tailor-made computer programs that assist their needs.
But the one thing they do learn is that money can sample of cover letter fresh graduate wonders anywhere. It is like an artificial intelligence so it means we have to teach students and people how to use it. Parents can research about the best career for their kids.
Here's how technology is shaping the future of education
I was the victim of these kinds of policies in my school times. Teachers can use the internet as a modern tool for education.
Jilibian and Ms. Despite the fact that there are people who are making these arguments, technology still remains to be a very vital component of the society we live in today. Everyday life is no longer simple.
The Internet has changed our living style in a big way. How can a teacher teach without tools? It is not that easy for parents to pick up modern technologies as fast as their children but it is very important that parents also know about the importance of computers literacy and internet education.
The students note the homework that needs to be done related to that computer class. While educational models of the past focused on providing students with the requisite skills to turn them into skilled workers, the educators of today are more concerned with teaching students how to learn on their own.
In strikes, writing and producing anti-national slogans inspired by politicians? With the continuing advances in the technological world, students are getting improved access to such educational opportunities. Technology is used for basic actions but can also make activities easier for students.
Students that are physically active and participate in physical education courses are less likely to make bad decisions that could possibly affect their health or change their overall outcomes in school. The Internet is full of advantages but there are disadvantages too that we need to teach and those need to be analyzed by the governments at the state and center level.
She is the Art teacher. The fees in these private schools are very high but the parents have no other options essay on role of technology in school life for class 7 they want their children to learn about the importance of the internet in education at schools.
- Library management system thesis chapter 1 english essay std 5, essay comparing two colleges
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- The Importance of Technology in Education | My Essay Point
- To get a better sense of where things are heading, Business Insider has taken a closer look at technology's developing role in the field of education and outlined the advances that could be spelled out for the future.
Completing the assignment given is not as important as the learning process that a child goes through while doing it. This is not good.
Expect technology to present some philosophical shifts in education, as well
My argument relates directly to schools so many people can reason football is not technically taught in school, but what about subjects like Biology or the countless other school subjects that a student learns, but never truly needs to utilize later? Here is more about it: By introducing it into our schools and classrooms, we will ensure that the students are equipped with much better tools and knowledge to make their transition from school to the work place a very easy one.
Technology that is made use of in the classroom is very beneficial in helping the students understand and absorb what they are being taught.
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Defending Against Brute Force Attacks
In the realm of cybersecurity, brute force attacks stand as one of the oldest and most straightforward techniques for infiltrating computer systems and online accounts. These attacks rely on sheer persistence, as cybercriminals try every possible combination of usernames and passwords until they gain access. In this blog post, we'll delve into what brute force attacks are, how they work, and most importantly, how you can defend against them effectively.
What is a Brute Force Attack?
A brute force attack is a method employed by cybercriminals to gain unauthorized access to a target system or account. This method operates on the principle of trial and error, systematically attempting every possible combination of passwords or passphrases until the correct one is found. Brute force attacks typically target login pages of online services, where they can exploit vulnerabilities in user authentication systems.
How Brute Force Attacks Work
Enumeration: The first step in a brute force attack involves enumerating the target. Cybercriminals gather information about the target, such as usernames, email addresses, or any available information that could assist in password guessing.
Password Guessing: With the target information in hand, the attacker begins guessing passwords. This can involve trying all possible character combinations, common passwords, or dictionary words. As the name suggests, it's a brute and repetitive approach.
Repeated Attempts: The attacker continues to make login attempts, often cycling through numerous combinations in quick succession. If a weak or easily guessable password is in use, it might not take long to succeed.
Defending Against Brute Force Attacks
Now that we understand the basics of brute force attacks, it's essential to discuss how to defend against them. Here are some effective strategies and best practices:
Strong Password Policies: The most fundamental step is to encourage users to create strong, complex passwords. These should include a mix of upper and lower-case letters, numbers, and special characters. Additionally, passwords should be sufficiently long to resist brute force attempts.
Account Lockout and Rate Limiting: Implement account lockout mechanisms that temporarily block users after a certain number of unsuccessful login attempts. Rate limiting can be useful to prevent too many requests from a single IP address in a short timeframe.
Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA): Enforce the use of MFA wherever possible. MFA adds an extra layer of security by requiring users to provide a second authentication factor, such as a one-time code from a mobile app, in addition to their password.
Monitor and Log: Keep logs of login attempts and monitor them regularly. Unusual patterns of multiple failed login attempts from the same IP address should raise alarms. This information can be used to detect and respond to ongoing brute force attacks.
CAPTCHA and Challenge-Response Tests: Implement CAPTCHA or other challenge-response tests to distinguish human users from automated scripts. This can slow down or deter attackers using automated tools.
Password Expiry and Rotation: Encourage users to change their passwords periodically, and enforce password expiration policies. This reduces the likelihood of attackers gaining access through previously compromised passwords.
Security Awareness Training: Regularly educate your employees or users about the risks of weak passwords and the importance of security. Informed individuals are less likely to use easily guessable passwords.
Implement Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS): Use IDS to detect and block suspicious activities in real-time. IDS can help identify and thwart brute force attacks as they occur.
Brute force attacks may be a persistent threat, but with proper security measures and user education, they can be effectively mitigated. Combining strong password policies, multi-factor authentication, and monitoring can significantly reduce the risk of unauthorized access. Remember that staying vigilant and up-to-date with evolving cybersecurity threats is essential to keeping your systems and data safe.
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The Sirens are demigodesses from Greek mythology with the body of a bird and the head of a woman. Sirens seduced their listeners with chants or erotic sounds that could not be resisted by men. According to some stories the sirens were young women who constantly asked for attention, but did not want to lose their virginity. That would be the reason why Aphrodite, the Greek goddess of love and sexuality, turned them into birds. Sirens would be the daughters of the sea god Phorcys or of the river god Acheloüs and Sterope. According to Roman authors, they lived on three small rocky islands between Sorrento and Capri.
In the oldest legends there were two sirens (among others with Homer), more recent writers counted three and even more recent writers have added more. Aglaope (beautiful face), Aglaophonos (beautiful voice), Leucosia (being white), Ligeia (shrill), Molpe (music), Parthenope (virgin face), Peisinoë (seductive thoughts), Raidne (improvement), Teles (perfection), Thelxepeia (soft words), Thelxiope (seductive face) are their names. The most famous three were Parthenope, Ligeia, and Leucosia. The symbolism goes back to true life in which one takes risks. Here one can suffer damage, but he who never dares anything, may not live life to the fullest.
The powder box is made of opalescent glass in which the representation is modelled in diapositive on the underside of the lid to prevent mermaids from actually swimming under water. The powder box is in sublime condition.
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Not knowing the symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning is very dangerous since it will cause severe effect, i.e. death.
Remember that carbon monoxide or CO gas is the silent killer. It is because CO gas is a highly toxic gas but colorless, tasteless, and odorless.
You will not be able to recognize its existence without a carbon monoxide detector.
Look at the statistics below to see how dangerous carbon monoxide is…
A statistic from the National Vital Statistics System mentioned that there were 2,244 deaths during 2010-2015 resulted from unintentional carbon monoxide poisoning.
Knowing the Symptoms of Carbon Monoxide Poisoning is Very Important
Even though you cannot recognize the existence of carbon monoxide gas, but basically CO poisoning is completely preventable.
As long as you know the symptoms of CO poisoning.
If you know the symptoms for sure, you will be able to take action quickly with confidence.
So, what are the symptoms?
Here are the most common physical signs of CO poisoning on your body:
- shortness of breathing
- chest pain
- difficulty in mind focus
- blurred vision
- loss of consciousness
Be careful when you feel the above sign. Get into the fresh air as early as you can, and seek medical help immediately.
However, the problem is some of these signs almost the same as the common flu signs, which will make you lose the sense of urgency.
So don’t think that you get the flu. But think that you are being exposed to carbon monoxide. It is much better for your safety.
Now, it is your turn to check your home, office, or workplace. If you believe that it is closed to the sources of carbon monoxide, then you must know the symptoms well.
Don’t forget to educate others about it and how to take necessary action immediately.
To save your life, your partners and your beloved-family.
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We will talk here what is the file system? And we’re going to tell you in a lot more detail about how the fire system works along with the Types of File System.
If you have never heard of File System before, then you should do this post carefully where we will give you all the information related to it in detail so that you can maximize the file system.
Because file system in computers is very important without it we can’t place any file in our computers correctly and the file system also plays an important role in running our computers. More on post about all this Will talk in even more details
What is the file system?
A file system is a process of managing how and where data on a storage disk also called file management or File System it is a logical disk component that separates files into groups known as directory This is the abstract for a human user and is related to a computer so, it manages the internal operations of a disk.
Files and Additional Directory may be in the directory though there are different file systems with windows NTFS is most common in modern times impossible for a file with the same name and to remove established programs and retrieve specific files without file management Impossible.
At the same time there would be no organization without file structure in files. The file system enables you to see a file in the current directory because files are often managed in a hierarchy.
On storage devices, files are stored in sectors where data is stored in groups of sectors called blocks. The size and location of the files are identified by the file system, and it also helps to identify which sectors are ready for use.
Apart from Windows, there are some other operating systems that include FAT and NTFS file systems but Apple products (like iOS and macOS) use HFS+ because the operating system is horizonized by many different types of file systems.
Types of File System
Flash file systems
The flash file system is responsible for restriction, performance and special capabilities of flash memory. It is better to use a file system designed for a flash device; however, a disc file system is the basic storage media, which is a flash memory Could use the device.
Database file systems
Database-based file systems are another way for file management. Files are identified by their features (e.g. a type of file, author, subject, etc.) rather than hierarchical structured management.
Disk file systems
On a disk storage medium, a disk file system has the ability to randomly address data within some time. Also, it includes the estimates that caused the speed of data access. Regardless of the sequential location of the data, many users can use multiple data on a disk with the help of a disk file system.
Network file systems
A network file system provides access to files on a server in remote networks-connected computers, with the help of local interfaces, programs are able to transparently create, manage and reach hierarchical files and directories. File-system-like clients for FTP and WebDAV, and AFS, SMB protocols, NFS network file systems are all examples.
Shared disk file systems
A shared-disk file system allows the same external disk subsystem to be accessed by multiple machines, but when the number of machines reach the same external disk subsystem this situation can cause collision so, to prevent collision, The file system decides which subsystem to access.
What have we done here in the file system? We have shared every information related to What is File System Hindi with you in very detail through this post. Along with that we have also told you about Types of File System.
To read such computer related posts you can check out the second post available on our website where we’ve told you about each important computer topic in details through the post.
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If you have access to a telescope, there are few sights more incredible than the magnificent ringed planet Saturn. Currently, this planet is clearly visible in the night sky and using a not very strong lens, it is possible to see its rings. However, in recent days, a number of articles have claimed that these things are quickly disappearing By 2025 they will no longer be seen. What catastrophe can make something so big disappear? Will they disappear forever?
The short answer is no. Although it is true that the rings You will become almost invisible From Earth in 2025, this is neither a surprise nor a cause for concern. Rings “They’ll show up again” shortly. The truth is that it does not disappear in itself, but rather disappears before our eyes alone.
To understand why our view of Saturn changes, let’s start by looking at Earth on its continuous journey around the sun. That journey takes us through the seasons: from winter to spring, from summer to fall, and back again. What causes the seasons? Simply put, the Earth is tilted to one side, as seen from the Sun, and our equator is tilted about 23.5 degrees to the plane of our orbit.
Just like the Earth, Saturn faces the seasonsBut 29 times longer than our time. While Earth’s equator is tilted by 23.5 degrees, Saturn’s equator is tilted by 26.7 degrees. The result is that as the planet moves through it Its orbit is 29.4 years Around our star, it also appears to move up and down, as seen from the Earth and the Sun.
The planet’s massive ring system is made up of chunks of ice, dust and rock, and extends over a great distance: very small. More than 280 thousand kilometers of the planet. but She is very skinnyIn most places it is only tens of meters thick. The rings orbit directly above Saturn’s equator, and are therefore also inclined to the plane of the planet’s orbit.
The rings are so thin that they can be seen from a distance. They seem to disappear when seen side by side. As Saturn moves around the Sun, our view changes. During half of its orbit, the northern hemisphere is tilted toward us, and the north face of the planet’s rings is tilted toward us. When the ringed planet is on the other side of the Sun, the southern hemisphere faces us.
For the same reason, we see the southern face of the planet’s rings tilted towards us. Twice a Saturn year, we see the rings sing and practically disappear from view. This is what will happen in 2025. It is clear that Saturn’s rings will “disappear” because we will see them on the edge of the abyss.
this event It happens regularly. The last time was in 2009, and the rings became visible again gradually, over the course of a few months, so rest assured.
“Beeraholic. Friend of animals everywhere. Evil web scholar. Zombie maven.”
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The Dragon in the Jungle
The Chinese Army in the Vietnam War
Oxford University Press, New York, 2020, 344 pages
Book Review published on: July 3, 2020
Volumes have been written about the U.S. involvement in the Vietnam conflict. Xiaobing Li examines a lesser-known aspect of the Vietnam conflict, China’s support to North Vietnam, in The Dragon in the Jungle: The Chinese Army in the Vietnam War. This welcome addition to the study of the Vietnam War is the result of meticulous research of primary and secondary sources in describing China’s decision to intervene, the Chinese army’s role during the war, and events leading to a Sino-Soviet conflict breaking the communist alliance.
Li describes China’s decision to intervene in Vietnam as part of its strategy of active defense conceptualized by Mao Tse-tung in the 1950s. The People’s Liberation Army (PLA) transformed itself from a “liberation army” into a national force with two new components: a defensive force to repel foreign invasions and a security force against internal threats to the new regime. Mao believed the United States’ plan was to destroy the new People’s Republic by attacking it from Korea, Taiwan, and Vietnam. He further believed a successful defense against international imperialist attacks could be achieved by stopping foreign invading forces outside China. Mao considered the United Nations (UN) forces’ northward advance across the 38th parallel north during the Korean War a direct threat to the security of China. Mao warned the United States through backdoor diplomatic channels that China would intervene in Korea if UN forces did not return to the 38th parallel. The conflict would have ended early if UN forces had stopped at their initial end state of the 38th parallel, instead it resulted in a bloody stalemate for three more years.
Mao became equally concerned with the French Indochina War and the threat it posed to China’s security. Mao initially sent military advisers to assist the Viet Minh forces. Li describes the challenges faced by Chinese advisors in gaining acceptance of recommended strategy by reluctant Viet Minh leadership. After several costly Viet Minh offensives against fortified French positions, the Viet Minh leadership were more receptive in accepting their Chinese advisors’ recommendations for a strategy to defeat French forces. The Viet Minh forces with Chinese support defeated French forces securing Communist control of North Vietnam in the Geneva Agreements of 1954.
Li informs the reader that the first Chinese troops entered North Vietnam on 9 June 1965 in response to Rolling Thunder, a U.S. air campaign that targeted military bases, transportation systems, and industries to compel North Vietnamese leaders to stop fighting. Initial deployment of Chinese troops were engineering and air defense troops wearing North Vietnam Army uniforms. By the end of 1965, more than 160,000 Chinese soldiers were serving in North Vietnam. PLA forces in North Vietnam, termed “volunteers” by China to avoid an overt war with the United States, were successful in building three new rail networks, seven highways, and numerous bridges while repairing existing North Vietnamese road and rail networks damaged by Rolling Thunder.
Li describes the numerous challenges ranging from bacterial infections, jungle rot, lack of adequate food and water, and unfamiliarity of Vietnamese language and culture faced by Chinese forces in North Vietnam. His research indicates PLA companies experienced between 30 and 60 percent of personnel ill during their deployment in North Vietnam. Despite the challenges, Li describes an adaptive military that learned from its encounters with the United States during Rolling Thunder. China successfully revised its tactics and strategies, and improved its early warning and tracking of pending air attacks, thus developing one of the most comprehensive air defenses by 1966. China interviewed downed U.S. pilots, conducted after action reviews, and took the opportunity when possible to assess Soviet air defense units serving in North Vietnam.
Chinese and North Vietnamese concerns of a U.S. invasion of North Vietnam led to PLA engineering forces developing a series of fortifications along North Vietnam’s 1,062-mile-long coastline. PLA engineering troops were subject to American air strikes until the PLA moved more anti-aircraft artillery companies near construction sites. While the PLA navy had been involved in China’s intervention from the beginning regarding intelligence and transportation, Li describes the transformation of the PLA navy from a coastal fleet to a modern ocean-going naval force. China was successful in developing its mine sweeping capability as part of its efforts to keep North Vietnamese ports opened during the Vietnam War.
Li describes 1968-1969 as a pivotal point in China’s relations with North Vietnam. The Soviet Union provided North Vietnam advanced missile technology and radar systems, giving North Vietnam the most effective air defense system in the world by 1968. China simply could not match the Soviet’s superior missile technology. North Vietnamese officers complained about inferior Chinese air defense while praising Soviet-made surface-to-air missiles. Li asserts increased Soviet support to North Vietnam was the fundamental cause of the cracks in the Sino-Vietnamese alliance that resulted in the Sino-Vietnamese War of 1979 and the Third Indochina War.
Tension between China and the Soviet Union increased during this period as a result of furthering ties between North Vietnam and the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union viewed China’s increased presence in Southeast Asia as a challenge to the Soviet Union. China viewed increased Soviet influence in the region as an attempt to encircle China. The Soviet Union’s deployment of military forces along China’s border in April 1968 led to China’s belief of a pending invasion of China by the Soviet Union. A seven-month-long border conflict between the Soviet Union and China erupted, threatening to expand into a major war. Li’s research indicates the Soviet Union had entertained the use of nuclear weapons against China if the border conflict had expanded into war. Deteriorating relations between China and the Soviet Union resulted in the Soviet Union replacing the United States as China’s perceived immediate threat. China began withdrawing its forces from Vietnam. Normalization of relations between China and the United States dramatically shifted the balance of power between the superpowers.
The Dragon in the Jungle’s strength is Li’s exhaustive research of Chinese archives, manuscripts, collected military papers, and personal interviews. Li’s service in the PLA and knowledge of the Chinese language and culture provides for a unique understanding of China’s perceptions, its military culture, and decision-making for its role in the Korean, First Indochina, and Vietnam conflicts. It describes the evolution of China’s military from a peasant’s army to a professional one. The work is highly readable and may be the most comprehensive examination of China’s involvement in the Vietnam conflict to date. This would be an excellent addition to the library of any historian or student with an interest on the subject.
Book Review written by: Jesse McIntyre III, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas
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Next week at the Reedy Library, our CATE students will be coming to the library for some Digital Citizenship and Copyright Stations.
The students will be visiting 6 stations: Digital Frame of Mind, Copyright and Fair Use, Cyberbullying, Privacy and Security, Digital Footprint and Reputation, and Internet Safety.
At each stations students will be doing some reading, watching some videos, taking some online quizzes, and recording their responses on the below Google Forms.
Here is a link to the Station Signs and Instructions, and then below you will find links to the stations and the information presented at each station.
Students, record your responses on your class periods’ link:
Digital Frame of Mind
Click Here to go to the in ONE SECOND on the internet link. Notice that the longer to stay on the site, the more it multiplies. Be sure to scroll to the bottom and read the statements about 10 years ago, etc. Be sure to respond to your Digital Frame of Mind Station question on the Google Form.
Copyright and Fair Use
Are you copyright confused? As we integrate more technology into our schools, navigating the line between what’s legal and what’s not can be overwhelming. In order for us to become ethical consumers and creators of media, we also need a strong understanding of the concepts of copyright and fair use.
Be sure to respond to answer questions 2 & 3 on the Copyright and Fair Use Stations Google Form.
Copyright law builds upon the values of the First Amendment by emphasizing that sharing ideas and information leads to new knowledge and innovation.
Copyright law protects works of “intellectual property” — creative expressions of ideas in fixed symbolic form. (Patent law protects the expression of novel ideas in the form of objects or processes.) Books, movies, music, paintings, photographs, websites, images, video games, performances, architecture, and software are among the many types of creative work protected by copyright.
Copyright Act of 1976-Fair Use Definition
The fair use doctrine, which is found in Section 107 of the Copyright Act of 1976, states that the use of copyrighted material “for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching (including multiple copies for classroom use), scholarship, or research” is not an infringement. Courts consider these factors in determining fair use: the purpose of the use, the nature of the copyrighted work, the amount and substantiality of the portion used in relation to the original work; and the effect of the use on the market for the original.
“Eyes on the Prize”
PBS aired the documentary “Eyes on the Prize” on US TV in 1987, earning 23 honours, including two Peabody Awards, and receiving such praise as: “The principal film account of the most important American social justice movement of the 20th Century.” But, in 1993, it ran out of circulation due to expired licenses of copyright, meaning that you’ll no longer see it on TV, and that it will never be preserved on DVD or Blu-ray. Blackside Productions couldn’t afford the US$500K it cost to have the materials re-licensed. In one clip, you will hear “Happy Birthday to You” by Mildred H. Hill and Patty S. Hill. Only one verse out of it costs US$15K. Unwieldy copyright laws and extortionate royalty fees have been changing history forever. If you’re a filmmaker, you have no choice but to leave the truth behind. Thankfully, copyright law has offered a saving grace. It allows artists to exercise “fair use,” as it is termed. It is, too, a right that will go away if it is unprotected. Don’t even think about letting history disappear. Learn how you can exercise your fair right to fair use.
Be sure to respond to answer question 4 and ONE of the scenarios on the Copyright and Fair Use Stations Google Form.
The subject of bullying is something that you have probably heard a lot about in Frisco ISD. Bullying is taught through PRIDE and Olweus programs. School districts have policies in place to handle bullying situations.
Cyberbullying is when someone uses an electronic or digital device to harass, intimidate, or embarrass someone else.
For this module you will click on the links below in order and follow the directions to learn more about Cyberbullying.
Click Here for What is Cyberbullying?
Click Here for the Cyberbullying Quiz.
Once you submit your answers the correct answers and explanations will be shown. Look over the ones you missed and read the reason it gives for the correct answer.
Be sure to respond to answer questions 5 & 6 on the Cyberbullying Stations Google Form.
Privacy and Security
There a several simple things you can do to protect yourself online. At this station we will cover online safety regarding Passwords.
You use passwords for accessing just about everything on your computer. If you do not create a strong password that is hard for someone else to guess you run the risk of being hacked and having your identity stolen.
Let’s get some more information about creating secure passwords. Click on the links below to watch a video and read an article about passwords.
Click Here to watch a video about secure passwords.
Click Here to read about how to create a strong password.
Click Here to take the Passwords Quiz.
Digital Footprint and Reputation
We expand our digital footprint every time we share content to Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, blog or make a comment on a website.
The question you need to ask is if your digital footprint actually portrays what you want to be known for.
What is a digital footprint?
On the Internet a digital footprint is the word used to describe the trail, traces or “footprints” that people leave online. This is information transmitted online, such as forum registration, e-mails and attachments, uploading videos or digital images and any other form of transmission of information — all of which leaves traces of personal information about yourself available to others online.
News Station Story- Your Digital Footprint
This news story is unsettling to watch. See how much personal information was found on this couple’s computer.
Googling Yourself Activity
Click on the link and read the brief article. Try putting the suggested search terms regarding your personal information.
The subject of Internet Safety encompasses a vast majority of topics and discussions. For this class we decided to narrow it down and focus on the aspect of teaching students that the Internet gives you access to the world and you need to keep a few tips in mind to keep you safe. Simply put, the things you do to keep yourself safe in the real world (locking your door, not talking to strangers, etc) should also be practiced online.
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Based on the British Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) curriculum, Pallies’ philosophy focuses on the holistic development of each individual child and draws on best nursery practices. Above all else, we see the child as an individual and a unique being. We respect that every child is different and we nurture, educate and celebrate each child’s culture, belief system and values.
The British EYFS curriculum sets the standards to ensure that children learn and develop well and are kept healthy and safe. At Pallies, we adopt the framework and focus on the 7 areas of learning and development:
personal, social and emotional development
communication and language
expressive arts and design
understanding the world
Personal, social and emotional development "involves helping children to develop a positive sense of themselves, and others; to form positive relationships and develop respect for others; to develop social skills and learn how to manage their feelings; to understand appropriate behaviour in groups; and to have confidence in their own abilities".
Physical development "involves providing opportunities for young children to be active and interactive; and to develop their co-ordination, control, and movement. Children must also be helped to understand the importance of physical activity6, and to make healthy choices in relation to food".
Communication and language development "involves giving children opportunities to experience a rich language environment; to develop their confidence and skills in expressing themselves; and to speak and listen in a range of situations".
Expressive arts and design "involves enabling children to explore and play with a wide range of media and materials, as well as providing opportunities and encouragement for sharing their thoughts, ideas and feelings through a variety of activities in art, music, movement, dance, role-play, and design and technology".
Understanding the world "involves guiding children to make sense of their physical world and their community through opportunities to explore, observe and find out about people, places, technology and the environment".
Literacy development "involves encouraging children to link sounds and letters and to begin to read and write. Children must be given access to a wide range of reading materials (books, poems, and other written materials) to ignite their interest".
Mathematics "involves providing children with opportunities to develop and improve their skills in counting, understanding and using numbers, calculating simple addition and subtraction problems; and to describe shapes, spaces, and measure".
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Image Courtesy: Science Magazine. Image for representational use only
Conversation may appear as usual a phenomenon as breathing to many of us, but for neuroscientists it has been a long struggle to understand how our brains function during conversations. The lack of a suitable animal model to perform this research has been a longstanding problem that the neuroscientist community has faced. Most of the laboratory animal models like mouse etc. lack the verbal complexity needed for conversation.
But the latest discovery of the brain circuit engaged in the conversation process of the singing mouse could shed new light on brain functioning of conversation, especially in mammals including humans. This singing mouse is found in the cloud forests of Costa Rica.
In human conversations we listen to the words of the other person, and then we plan our own words in the mind, adjust them and then deliver them at a socially appropriate moment. Lots of things happen during this period—working of the mind, movement of vocal muscles and directing them. Most of the lab animal models lack this improvised skill of conversation. Even marmosets, the primates that can make back and forth calls that make them popular in neuroscience research, make pauses of several seconds between responses. We can’t even imagine a conversation between two persons where there is a gap of several seconds each time one responds to the other.
This makes the singing mouse special, it can precisely time its own song to avoid overlap with the neighbour. It starts about half a second after the other mouse finishes. In humans, this lag period is even shorter—roughly 200 milliseconds on an average.
For this reason, Costa Rica’s singing mouse has become an attraction for the neuroscientists. Michael Long of New York University School of Medicine along with his colleagues tried to find out how the mouse’s brain could carefully perform the coordinated task of timely exchanges of responses.
What is already found in many studies is that the subcortical structure, an evolutionary ancient and a deep brain part is involved in animal vocalisations. Long’s team wondered whether other higher brain activity involving a more developed brain region—the motor cortex—was associated in the case of the singing mouse’s vocal capability. The motor cortex was thought to act like an orchestra conductor that could direct the response to be on or off based on social cues.
Long’s team found numerous evidences in their exploration that could support their intuition. First, they found out that the part of the brain known as orofacial motor cortex (OMC), when stimulated, caused the singing mouse to flex its vocal muscles. They put a cooling device over the OMC to slow down its neural activity and found that the mouse took much longer to complete its song. Moreover, to their surprise, when they deactivated the OMC completely by applying certain drugs, the mouse could still sing. This gave them a hint that vocalisations were produced somewhere else in the brain. But deactivating the OMC made the mouse less responsive towards another mouse’s song. They concluded that in carrying out the vocal turn-taking in conversations, the mouse’s brain divides work between a basic song generator, which they are yet to discover with precision in the subcortical brain, and a higher-level conductor.
Human conversation is much more complicated than that of the singing mice and Long’s team now wants to extrapolate their findings to the human brain. This is to study a comparable timing mechanism in the motor cortex of human, which is known to be involved in speech control. His team is now busy in designing experiments that could record brain activity during conversations, especially to find out brain functioning in responding quickly to another voice.
Long’s study could also open up new possibilities to study autism—a disorder where the ability of communication is hindered. "We need to understand how our brains generate verbal replies instantly using nearly a hundred muscles if we are to design new treatments for the many Americans for whom this process has failed, often because of diseases such as autism or traumatic events, like stroke," said Long to Science Daily.
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It seems like it’s a bit tougher to get out of bed in the winter. It’s cold, and the days are so much shorter. Most people attribute this feeling to the “winter blues” or just feeling “down in the dumps.” As it turns out, you could be one of the many people in the world suffering from Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD). This depressive disorder can be a result of the diminished daylight and colder weather that accompanies the winter months.
Read more about 3 common winter health myths
Seasonal Affective Disorder, also known as winter depression, is classified as a mood disorder that affects the mental health of individuals. Specifically, these people frequently suffer from depressive symptoms and can be caused by either over or under sleeping and a steady increase in poor dietary choices.
Symptoms of Seasonal Affective Disorder can include depression, mood swings, irritability, and a general feeling of lethargy. While the exact cause of Seasonal Affective Disorder is not entirely known, some studies have indicated that much of it has to do with the decrease of natural sunlight. During the winter months our days typically feel shorter and if you are working a conventional 9 to 5 job, much of your time is spent in the dark. The commute both to and from work is likely when the sun has either not risen or already set for the night.
Fighting Back with Diet and Exercise
Paying closer attention to your diet is an extremely effective tool in combating the symptoms of Seasonal Affective Disorder. Because this disorder can increase feelings of depression and lethargy, it’s important to ingest foods that can increase the levels of serotonin in your brain. Serotonin is the chemical in your brain that ultimately produces feelings of happiness. These foods can include avocados, beans, bananas and even brown rice. However serotonin isn’t the only thing you can increase in order to raise your levels of happiness.
What can also increase your levels of happiness and energy is an excellent and scheduled exercise routine. An intense workout has been shown to increase your endorphin levels, otherwise known as the “feel good” hormones. The release of these endorphins can help in managing your stress, improving your sleep patterns, and even in boosting your self-esteem.
Winter is a tough time for all of us. It’s cold, dark, and the snowstorms seem to arrive at the worst time. By ensuring we’re getting adequate exercise and ingesting the right kinds of foods, we can do our part in fighting back against old man winter.
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How To Learn Them
Nigeria is a country with more than 250 different languages spoken within its borders. However, only three of these languages have the majority of speakers- English, Igbo, and Hausa. Each of these languages has its own unique characteristics, which set it apart from the others. Nigerian pidgen translators will take a closer look at each of these languages and discuss some of the differences between them.
Nigeria is a place of cultural diversity and linguistic complexity, with hundreds of indigenous languages spoken across the nation. The three major languages in Nigeria are Hausa, Igbo, and Yoruba. Hausa is the most widely spoken language in the north of Nigeria and is derived from the ethnic group of the same name.
Igbo originates from the southeastern region of Nigeria and is considered to be one of the oldest languages in West Africa. Lastly, Yoruba may have originated in what is now Benin, but it has been passed down through generations in Nigeria and holds an important role in its society today. Each language reflects its own unique character, culture and identity that is deeply intertwined with Nigeria’s history.
The complexities of language can be daunting to the uninitiated. Although many languages are related and share traits, a closer look reveals that each holds its unique distinctions when it comes to pronunciation, grammar, and vocabulary. Pronunciation is perhaps the most apparent difference – from universally accepted sounds like “sh” and “th” to lightly tapping your tongue against your teeth for the consonant “ǰ”, English speakers have never heard such diverse intonations in one foreign language. Furthermore, intricate grammatical structures make each language demandment different levels of knowledge from its speakers. Finally, with certain phrases existing only to local cultures, learning a new language also means being exposed to a completely new kind of vocabulary. Understanding the nuances of these aspects makes speaker truly appreciate their own native tongue even more.
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According to the 13 years of average cloud cover done in a full world map by NASA, Africa is the sunniest continent on the planet, along with Australia.
What country is the closest to the sun?
The most common answer is “the summit of Chimborazo volcano in Ecuador”. This volcano is the point on Earth’s surface that is furthest from the center of Earth, and that is then equated to being the closest to the Sun.
What is the closest distance to the sun?
Earth’s closest approach to the sun, called perihelion, comes in early January and is about 91 million miles (146 million km), just shy of 1 AU. The farthest from the sun Earth gets is called aphelion. It comes in early July and is about 94.5 million miles (152 million km), just over 1 AU.
Does Africa get the most sun?
About two fifths of the continent are desert, and thus continuously sunny. … Also, the theoretical reserves of Africa’s solar energy are estimated at 60,000,000 TWh/year, which accounts for almost 40% of the global total, thus definitely making Africa the most sun-rich continent in the world.
What is closest to the sun?
Mercury is the closest planet to the sun. As such, it circles the sun faster than all the other planets, which is why Romans named it after their swift-footed messenger god.
What is the hottest planet?
Venus is the exception, as its proximity to the Sun and dense atmosphere make it our solar system’s hottest planet. The average temperatures of planets in our solar system are: Mercury – 800°F (430°C) during the day, -290°F (-180°C) at night.
Is Hawaii closer to the sun?
Due to the Hawaiian Island’s proximity to the equator, the suns rays are much stronger that what you might experience at home. (Unless of course, your home is also near the equator.) And, isn’t it miserable to get a sunburn on vacation?! You do need to take even more precautions in the sun at the Hawaiian Islands.
What is the minimum distance between Sun and Earth?
The day is on 3rd or 4th January, it is called the perihelion. That day, the gap between earth and sun was about 148 km aside.
How close is Earth to the sun in July?
Looking for Earth’s exact distance from the sun at aphelion? It’s 94,510,886 miles (152,100,527 km). Last year, on July 4, 2020, the Earth at aphelion was a tiny bit closer, at 94,507,635 miles (152,095,295 km).
Which day sun is closest to Earth?
Earth is closest to the sun every year in early January, when it’s winter for the Northern Hemisphere. We’re farthest away from the sun in early July, during our Northern Hemisphere summer. Image via NASA. So you see there’s not a huge distance difference between perihelion and aphelion.
Which country has longest day in the world?
Summer and Winter Solstices in Iceland
Iceland’s longest day of the year (the summer solstice) is around the 21st of June. On that day in Reykjavík, the sun sets just after midnight and rises again right before 3 AM, with the sky never going completely dark.
Which country has no night?
In Svalbard, Norway, which is the northern-most inhabited region of Europe, the sun shines continuously from April 10 to August 23. Visit the region and live for days, for there is no night.
What is the cloudiest place on earth?
Tórshavn, Faroe Islands is the cloudiest city in the world based on sunlight duration.
What is the smallest planet?
Mercury is the smallest planet in our solar system—only slightly larger than Earth’s Moon.
What is the farthest from the sun?
Pluto is currently the most distant planet from the Sun, though as you probably know Pluto was “demoted” to dwarf planet status in August 2006.
What is the twin planet of Earth?
Venus is Earth’s evil twin — and space agencies can no longer resist its pull. Once a water-rich Eden, the hellish planet could reveal how to find habitable worlds around distant stars.
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Xavierians tried some gardening hacks and did a fun Jar Science experiment. They grew a potato plant in a jar and practically experienced it growing. Xavierians maintained a journal to monitor the progress. Once roots and shoots were established, they carefully transplanted it to garden.
Students made working model of rotation and revolution,different phases of moon and globe.
Students played Roman Numeral Bingo Game Grade VI
Teaching children about healthy eating is vital for their future health. Playing Snake & Ladder board game made it fun.
Based on traditional game Snakes and Ladders, students made a board game. The mouth of a snake represented the faulty food habit or faulty method of cooking and tail represented the deficiency diseases. Similarly the base of a ladder represented healthy food habits and top end represented the beneficial effect of that habit.
Students played Roman Numeral Bingo Game, a fun way to practice Roman numerals. The game helped students quickly identify the numerals, learn about alternative number system and provided opportunity for lots of discussion about Roman numbers.
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Flight controllers at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory are working to analyze a problem that occurred during the unfurling of the Galileo spacecraft's main communications antenna Thursday, April 11.
Commands to unfurl the 16-foot-diameter umbrella-like antenna were issued by Galileo's computers on schedule at about 12:50 p.m. Pacific Daylight Time on Thursday. The action was to be completed in less than 10 minutes.
Normally microswitches would open when the unfurling was completed, signaling that the operation was successful. Data received from Galileo, however, indicate that the switches did not open.
Data suggest that the antenna partially deployed, but did not open fully.
Members of the flight team will continue detailed analysis of data sent by Galileo during the deployment attempt before taking any further action on the spacecraft.
Project officials emphasized that the deployment problem poses no immediate problems for the spacecraft, which otherwise is functioning properly.
The antenna -- a modified version of the design used in NASA's Earth-orbiting Tracking & Data Relay Satellites -- has a surface made of gold-plated molybdenum wire woven into a mesh. The mesh is stretched across 18 graphite-epoxy ribs and connected with elastic epoxy bands.
The high-gain antenna, made of metal mesh, has been stowed behind a sun shield since Galileo's launch in October 1989, to avoid heat damage while the spacecraft flew closer to the sun than the orbit of Earth.
The antenna unfurling is driven by a set of redundant motors which turn a worm gear. This gear pushes levers which spread the antenna's ribs, much as an umbrella is opened.
The unfurling was expected to slow Galileo's spin rate, much as the spinning of an ice skater slows when the skater's arms are extended. Data showed that Galileo's spin rate in fact slowed, but not as much as expected for full deployment.
Unfurling of the antenna is necessary for Galileo to send scientific data to Earth at much higher rates over greater distances than it can with the low-gain antennas it has used since launch.
The Galileo Project is managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory for NASA's Office of Space Science and Applications.
News Media Contact818-354-5011
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How to use the Blueprints
There are many ways to construct a high school Earth Science class. These DIG Texas blueprints provide a year-long roadmap, a pathway for educators to follow as they teach a one-year high school Earth Science course (approximately 30 weeks). Educators may use each one as is, or mix and match different units to create blueprints tailored for their own course. Educators may also use the blueprints as the inspiration to create their own blueprints.
Blueprints organize units in a coherent framework for teachers to follow as they teach. Each unit has links to pre-existing, carefully reviewed learning experiences and other educational resources. Selected resources constitute a manageable number of resources for students to use over a three-week time frame and are packaged in a way that facilitates their use. Learning experiences included in the units have links to background preparatory materials, additional hands-on resources, teaching tips, and, in some cases, cross-curricular connections. For example, a learning experience on the formation of our universe may have links to myths and legends about its origin and evolution. In addition to the learning experiences, the units contain visualizations, animations/ or videos and a list of suggested readings/podcasts or tutorials. These are intended to provide the context for the learning experiences. There are "Scaffolding Notes" for each unit to facilitate implementation.
The learning experiences in each unit were purposefully chosen to align with the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) Earth Science Performance Expectations (PEs). The PEs require that "... students operate at the intersection of practice, content and connection" (NGSS Lead States, 2013). Therefore, the PEs integrate specific Science and Engineering Practices (practice), Disciplinary Core Ideas (content) and Cross Cutting Concepts (connection). In order for students to achieve a particular PE, they need to engage in several different Science and Engineering Practices (SEPs) to develop their understanding of a Disciplinary Core Idea (DCI). PEs provide guidance to teachers on what students should be able to do at the end of instruction for each blueprint unit. They are not designed to describe what students are doing during instruction and how teachers should teach the material.
The NGSS have identified the most important material for students to know and do. We have included additional educational resources in order to ensure that the blueprints are aligned with the Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Earth and Space Science and the Earth Science Literacy Principles http://www.earthscienceliteracy.org. A blueprint does not attempt to cover all of Earth Science; instead it takes an in-depth look at key topics that are critical for understanding the challenges that humans face in living on this "restless planet."
NGSS Lead States, 2013, Next Generation Science Standards, For States, By States, Washington DC: The National Academies Press, p. Xvii.
1. Lead educators to a carefully selected, reliable, high-quality, peer reviewed resources for teaching the content of an Earth Science course.
2. Provide curriculum that is aligned with the NGSS.
3. Provide curriculum that is appropriate to address the Texas TEKS for Earth and Space Science, a high school Earth science course envisioned as a capstone course.
2. Provide this curriculum through several different 'Blueprints' or pathways.
4. Allow educators to create their own blueprints to suit the needs of their courses, schools, districts, and unique settings.
Blueprints provide curriculum and resources for students' use
The blueprints provide labs, learning experiences, readings, and other educational resources for students to do.
Designed for high school Earth Science classes; also appropriate for two-year college and undergraduate Earth Science courses.
- Educators must develop their own individual plan for how they will teach a blueprint.
- Educators are expected to provide the necessary instruction required to prepare students to use educational resources in the units that comprise the blueprints. Therefore, it is extremely important to allocate time to review all the activities and background material prior to using the learning experiences and to probe students for their prior knowledge before starting to teach a unit.
- Educators should supply their own PowerPoint presentations, deliver lectures and assign ancillary work (readings, etc.) to their students in order to set the stage for effective use of the learning experiences.
- Although some activities may incorporate assessments, teachers will need to create their own assessments for each unit
Currently, the blueprints do not provide direction and supplemental resources to support educators with implementation of blueprints in the classroom. We will create an implementation guide for educators in 2015, using feedback from teachers who test our blueprints in the classroom setting.
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Since plants lack the ability to remove themselves from sites of predation, they have evolved alternative defences to keep predators at bay. Mechanical defences include camouflage, the addition of thorns and spikes as well as growing in locations not easily accessed by herbivores. Chemical defences include the synthesis of compounds that are toxic to predatory species and can also inhibit or retard the growth of other plant species in a process termed "allelopathy". Amongst these chemicals is a reservoir of non-protein amino acids that mediate toxicity. These non-protein amino acids can be charged by tRNA synthetases and subsequently mis-incorporated into nascent polypeptides, resulting in aberrant, dysfunctional proteins that can be toxic to predators. Some species such as the bruchid beetle Bruchus rufimanus (Chrysomelidae), which feeds on the jack bean Canavalia ensiformis (Fabaceae) plant, have evolved advanced tRNA synthetases that are able to discriminate between protein and non-protein amino acids, thus remain unaffected. Other species including livestock and humans that do not possess such selectivity are susceptible to plant toxins. In this brief review we discuss the mechanisms of action and consequences of exposure to plant-derived non-protein amino acids with a focus on those derived from plants from arid environments.
- Protein synthesis
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From water and home heating, to cooking and clothes drying, propane provides essential energy solutions to help you save money and the environment.
View fact sheets and brochures filled with useful information about propane and the propane industry.
Propane is used daily by hundreds of thousands of Canadians from coast to coast to coast, from heating homes, drying crops, powering forklifts to transporting children to school.
The health and safety of customers and employees are vital to the propane industry.
Have a question about propane? Check out our list of frequently asked questions, because chances are it’s probably been asked before!
We are quickly heading into winter, but propane heaters can help take the bite out of the cold. Follow the CPA’s safety tips to help ensure comfort and safety in the open air.
Get the latest news on important issues for the propane industry.
Propane is clean, affordable, portable and a Canadian-made low-carbon energy solution – it is energy for all.
Compared to other energy sources, using propane improves air quality, reduces greenhouse gas emissions and protects the environment.
In the unlikely event of a leak, propane becomes a vapour that does not contaminate the soil, air or aquifers, unlike liquid fuels. Propane dissipates quickly into the atmosphere – a small amount of air movement is enough to disperse the vapour.
This is especially important when operating in environmentally sensitive areas such as farms, nature reserves or by water.
An odourant added to naturally odourless propane helps easily detect a leak.
No fugitive emission impacts: Fugitive emissions’ is a term for gas that escapes into the atmosphere before it is combusted. Propane is a smart environmental choice when it comes to such emissions, particularly when compared to natural gas because it is not a greenhouse gas and has no impact on the atmosphere if accidentally released prior to combustion.
Natural gas (methane) however, is a potent greenhouse gas in its unburnt state. Up to 5% of natural gas is inadvertently released during transmission, prior to use. This unburnt methane generates 25 times more greenhouse impact on the atmosphere than CO2.
Major technological advances are being made with renewable propane – a “drop-in energy source” that is identical to propane. Renewable propane is sourced from used cooking oil and other waste products, making it a carbon-neutral energy source, meaning that it adds no new carbon to the atmosphere when burned.
Recognized for its low emissions and environmental impact by Canada’s Alternative Fuels Act, propane is one of the cleanest and most versatile energy sources in existence.
Propane is a lower emission energy source than heating oil, diesel, gasoline and in some provinces, electricity, whether used to heat your home, power a farm, or run a fleet of school buses. When upstream (lifecycle) emissions are considered, the case for propane becomes even stronger.
Propane becomes even more important when considering future energy costs as carbon pricing in Canada is set to increase every year.
We need a diverse range of energy choices to manage environmental challenges. The reliability of propane is needed as a primary or co-primary energy source to complement solar and wind systems. It can help reduce emissions while providing dependability, especially during challenging weather conditions. Propane is not subject to power outages like electricity, making it one of the most reliable energy sources available.
With its power, reliability and versatility, propane is an essential part of a diverse mix enabling cleaner fuels to be used in a wide range of applications from powering remote and Indigenous communities to powering construction sites. As technology continues to advance at a rapid pace, propane, with its ability to go anywhere, will serve the needs of future generations with even more sustainable solutions.
Propane emits 60% less carbon monoxide (CO) than gasoline, 98% less particulate matter than diesel and contains virtually no sulphur – a contributor to acid rain.
It emits no soot, and low hydrogen and oxides of nitrogen, which are the basic precursors of ground-level ozone, or smog.
Burning propane produces lower levels of air toxins, such as benzene and acetaldehyde, than either gasoline or diesel.
Propane is always the cleaner choice when compared to gasoline:
Light Duty Trucks: 11% Fewer GHGs
School Buses: 18% Fewer GHGs
Lawn Mowers: 16% Fewer GHGs
Irrigation Engines: 20% Fewer GHGs
Climate Change Solutions
Propane can play a vital role by:
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Love is a unique emotion that can withstand life’s ups and downs. It can also withstand the challenges of daily life. When the relationship is truly strong, problems can strengthen a connection. In a true love relationship, people feel courageous and comfortable to share their most intimate feelings. This bond is built on trust, respect, and honesty. It can withstand the challenges of life. But if the two people aren’t willing to open up to each other, their relationship may be strained.
The scientific study of emotion has increased considerably over the past two decades. Biological models of love tend to focus on the mammalian drive of attachment, while psychological theories tend to see it as a social phenomenon. Moreover, pheromones, neurotrophins, and hormones are all known to affect love. The most widely accepted theory of love suggests that there are three main love styles, namely passionate, companionate, and sexual. There are also religious and spiritual dimensions to love. Despite the numerous facets of love, the best way to understand it is by looking at it in its true light.
Different cultures and countries define love differently. However, all of them recognize it as a powerful feeling of affection and respect. Humans experience love for animals, principles, and religion. Early stages of love entail falling in and out of romance with another human being. In such a stage, the relationship seems perfect and the two people are inseparable. But later on, the two people may grow apart, and the relationship will be ineffective.
The Bible’s definition of love is not a precise definition. In the Old Testament, love is defined as a complex emotional attitude toward another person. This view of love reflects the fact that it varies greatly across cultures. Moreover, it avoids the reductionist terminology of the union and robust concern views. The emotional expression of love is often unidirectional, which makes it difficult to categorize it. The Greek word eros does not have a New Testament equivalent.
In the last two decades, there has been an increase in scientific research on the subject of love. There are now a number of theories on how love is defined and what it means. One of these theories says that love is a complex emotional attitude towards another person. The other view says that it is an emotion that can be expressed by an individual in a relationship. A marriage is one of the most common examples of a union of love. But a union of two people does not exist.
Although it is not easy to define love, it is an important emotion for human beings. In general, it is a feeling of affection and admiration towards a particular person. It can be sexual or platonic, but it can also be a sexual relationship. Many studies on love have found that the emotional state of a relationship is influenced by different factors, including the way the two individuals act with each other. It is not uncommon for a marriage to last longer than five years, and it is not unusual for the relationship to last for a lifetime.
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- Development & Aid
- Economy & Trade
- Human Rights
- Global Governance
- Civil Society
Thursday, July 29, 2021
UNITED NATIONS, May 17 2013 (IPS) - Migratory birds, which play an important role in the complex web of life known as ecosystem services, are under threat as never before, with some species facing extinction within the next decade.
Ahead of the International Day for Biological Diversity on May 22, focused this year on water resources, experts are calling for greater international cooperation to find sustainable and cost-effective solutions to the problem of species loss and environmental degradation.
“Both water management boundaries and ecosystems rarely conveniently align with geopolitical boundaries,” notes the report Natural Solutions for Water Security, published by the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).
According to Francisco Rilla, information and capacity building officer at the Convention on Migratory Species (CMS), an intergovernmental treaty signed in 1979 in Bonn, Germany, “The ‘Big Five’ primary causes of biodiversity loss … are habitat destruction, overharvesting and poaching, pollution, climate change and introduction of invasive species.”
Migratory species are especially vulnerable “as they depend entirely on a network of well-functioning ecosystems to refuel, reproduce and survive in every ‘station’ they visit and upon unrestricted travel,” Rilla told IPS.
The U.N. Environment Programme (UNEP) notes that many migrating birds, such as cranes, storks, shorebirds and eagles, travel thousands of kilometres across flyways that span countries, continents and even the entire globe.
These birds use wetlands to rest, feed and breed along their migration routes.
However, “half of the world’s wetlands – natural water storage systems – have been lost over the past century,” Nick Nuttall, UNEP spokesperson, told IPS.
Because of the degradation of their habitats, some migratory bird species could lose up to nine percent of their populations, while others, like the spoon-billed sandpiper, could become extinct within a decade, leading to further ecosystem changes and ultimately impacting on human development.
Putting a price on biodiversity loss
In a statement ahead of World Migratory Bird Day on May 11-12, UNEP executive director Achim Steiner underlined that migratory birds “are part of the web of life that underpins nature’s multi-trillion-dollar ecosystem services,” which are the benefits and resources that nature offers to humankind.
“[Migratory birds’] contribution to ecosystem services is increasingly starting to be measured in monetary terms,” Rilla told IPS.
In March 2007, at the request of the Group of Eight largest economies along with several developing countries, UNEP started an initiative called ‘The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity’ (TEEB), aiming at studying the economic benefits of biodiversity and incorporating them into policy-making.
As an example of TEEB’s implementation, Nuttall explained how UNEP assisted Kenya in 2012 to calculate the economic value of the ecosystem services generated by the Mau forest northwest of the capital Nairobi.
The overall value was assessed at 1.5 billion dollars a year, a consideration that led to the restoration of the forest, as well as of other ecosystems supplying water to Kenyan cities.
The advantages of using natural infrastructure like forests and wetlands instead of human-built infrastructure, such as dams, pipelines, water treatment plants and drainage systems, are highlighted in CBD’s report.
For example, strengthened coastal ecosystems can function as buffer zones that protect coastal communities from storms; rehabilitating soil biodiversity and functions can enhance water availability to crops and hence improve food security; restoring forests can reduce erosion risks and help deliver better quality water.
This approach, known as “Ecosystem-based Adaptation” (EbA), which integrates biodiversity and ecosystem services in climate change adaptation strategies – though cheaper and more sustainable than building new artificial infrastructure – is still under-utilised, says the report.
Agricultural activities, which alone account for approximately 70 percent of global water use, could apply a similar approach.
“More sustainable forms of farming can … address water issues while enhancing biodiversity,” Nuttall told IPS. “A survey of thousands of small scale farmers in Africa by UNEP and the U.N. Conference on Trade and Development found that those who had switched to organic or near organic production had seen yields on average climb by 100 percent, in part because returning organic matter to the soils had increased water retention of the soil – like a sponge – and prolonged the growing season.”
“We live in an increasingly water-insecure world,” stresses the CBD report.
Although there is no global water scarcity as such, there is an imbalance in its regional distribution, with only 12 percent of the world’s population consuming 85 percent of the available water.
Sound governance and equity in the distribution of water-derived benefits seem therefore important questions in the debate.
Asked by IPS about sustainable water management strategies in South Asia, one of the most water-scarce regions of the world, Michael Kugelman, senior programme associate for South and Southeast Asia at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, cited resource mismanagement as a root cause of problems.
He stressed the lack of interregional cooperation in the area, as well as of understanding of the connections between ecosystem protection and water resources.
“I think that at a government level that linkage is not made at all,” he said, “There are a lot of environmental NGOs that are bringing attention to these issues. … In some ways governments will take the lead from the NGO community.”
Water cooperation in South Asia is limited to some bilateral initiatives, such as the Indus Water Treaty between India and Pakistan.
At a global level, the main mechanisms dealing with biodiversity and water management are the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands (signed in 1971 in Ramsar, Iran) and the above-mentioned CBD, which was created at the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and in 2010 adopted its Strategic Plan for Biodiversity for the period 2011-2020.
The United Nations declared 2013 the International Year of Water Cooperation.
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Plate depicts a man standing at a table where sunlight is projected past a mirror, causing the heating of antimony, as illustrated by the plume of smoke emanating from the antimony specimen located on the table. A lettered diagram explains the components of the experiment.
The second edition of Nicaise Le Fèvre's (1610-1669) seminal work was augmented shortly before the death of the author. Popularizing the science of chemistry, select plates have been digitized from both volumes of this textbook.
|Place of publication|
|Original file type||TIFF|
|Rights||Public Domain Mark 1.0|
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Although depression may occur only once during your life, people typically have multiple episodes. During these episodes, symptoms occur most of the day, nearly every day and may include: Feelings of sadness, tearfulness, emptiness or hopelessness. Angry outbursts, irritability or frustration, even over small matters.
Is there a biological component to depression?
Research suggests that depression doesn’t spring from simply having too much or too little of certain brain chemicals. Rather, there are many possible causes of depression, including faulty mood regulation by the brain, genetic vulnerability, and stressful life events.
Is depression biological or physiological?
In general, depression can be due to a number of factors including stresses which can range from mild to severe, combined with vulnerability or predisposition to depression that can result from biological, genetic or psychological factors. Each type of depression is associated with different mixtures of causes.
What chemical is released during depression?
People with clinical depression often have increased levels of monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A), an enzyme that breaks down key neurotransmitters, resulting in very low levels of serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine.
What is the single most common cause of depression?
There’s no single cause of depression. It can occur for a variety of reasons and it has many different triggers. For some people, an upsetting or stressful life event, such as bereavement, divorce, illness, redundancy and job or money worries, can be the cause.
What happens in the brain during depression?
The influx of cortisol triggered by depression also causes the amygdala to enlarge. This is a part of the brain associated with emotional responses. When it becomes larger and more active, it causes sleep disturbances, changes in activity levels, and changes in other hormones.
Are we born with depression?
This could mean that in most cases of depression, around 50% of the cause is genetic, and around 50% is unrelated to genes (psychological or physical factors). Or it could mean that in some cases, the tendency to become depressed is almost completely genetic, and in other cases it is not really genetic at all.
How can I balance my brain chemicals naturally?
Getting enough sleep, exercising, listening to music, meditating, and spending time in the sun can all boost dopamine levels. Overall, a balanced diet and lifestyle can go a long way in increasing your body’s natural production of dopamine and helping your brain function at its best.
Is depression lack of dopamine or serotonin?
A dopamine imbalance can cause depression symptoms, such as apathy and feelings of hopelessness, while a serotonin imbalance can affect the processing of emotions.
Is depression caused by lack of serotonin?
Our comprehensive review of the major strands of research on serotonin shows there is no convincing evidence that depression is associated with, or caused by, lower serotonin concentrations or activity.
What is the sad hormone?
In people with SAD, a lack of sunlight and a problem with certain brain chemicals stops the hypothalamus working properly. The lack of light is thought to affect: the production of the hormone melatonin.
What are the 11 symptoms of depression?
- Consistently low mood.
- Disinterest or avoidance of once enjoyed hobbies.
- Trouble with concentration or memory.
- Significant changes in eating or sleeping patterns.
- Decreased self-care.
- Physical pains and additional health issues.
- Feeling pessimistic or hopeless.
- Increased irritability or anger.
What causes low serotonin?
Certain drugs and substances such as caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, NutraSweet, antidepressants, and some cholesterol-lowering medications deplete serotonin and other neurotransmitter levels. Hormone changes cause low levels of serotonin and neurotransmitter imbalances.
How can you increase your serotonin levels?
Exercise: Regular exercise can have mood-boosting effects. A healthy diet: Foods that can increase serotonin levels include eggs, cheese, turkey, nuts, salmon, tofu, and pineapple. Meditation: Meditating can help relieve stress and promote a positive outlook on life, which can greatly boost serotonin levels.
Can the brain repair itself after depression?
A depressed person’s brain does not function normally, but it can recover, according to a study published in the August 11 issue of Neurology, the American Academy of Neurology’s scientific journal. Researchers measured the brain’s responsiveness using magnetic stimulation over the brain and targeted muscle movement.
Can your brain shut down from depression?
A depression not only makes a person feel sad and dejected – it can also damage the brain permanently, so the person has difficulties remembering and concentrating once the disease is over.
How do you reverse brain damage from depression?
Research suggests that some of the physical brain changes caused by depression can be reversed. A 2016 study showed that interventions, such as antidepressants and cognitive behavioral therapy, may help reduce inflammation caused by depression.
Is depression caused by nature or nurture?
(Reuters Health) – – For the first time, researchers have found that the environment you’re raised in is as important as your genes in determining risk for major depression.
Who is most at risk for depression?
Age. Major depression is most likely to affect people between the ages of 45 and 65. “People in middle age are at the top of the bell curve for depression, but the people at each end of the curve, the very young and very old, may be at higher risk for severe depression,” says Walch.
Is depression a lifelong condition?
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is potentially a long-term or even lifelong illness for many patients, and maintenance therapy is designed to prevent relapse in patients with recurrent depression who have achieved remission.
What releases the most dopamine?
Lots of things can stimulate dopamine like sex, exercise, the nicotine in cigarettes, and recreational drugs like heroine or cocaine. While sex promotes the natural release of dopamine, drugs can trigger an abundant amount of dopamine. This abundance can lead to that euphoric feeling of pleasure.
How do I know if I have dopamine deficiency?
- You lack motivation, “the drive.”
- You’re tired.
- You can’t concentrate.
- You’re moody or anxious.
- You don’t feel pleasure from previously enjoyable experiences.
- You’re depressed; you feel hopeless.
- You have a low sex drive.
- You have trouble sleeping or have disturbed sleep.
How can I increase serotonin and dopamine naturally?
- Exercise. Regular exercise for at least 30 minutes each day improves one’s overall mood.
- Spend Time in Nature.
- Essential Oils.
- Goal Achievement.
- Happy Memories.
What is the chemical that makes you happy?
When it comes to happiness, in particular, the primary signaling chemicals include: Serotonin. Dopamine. Endorphins.
Can too much serotonin cause depression?
It has long been suggested that over-activity of the serotonin system may relate to mood disorders such as depression and anxiety, as these seem characterized by too much withdrawal and avoidance.
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