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Ecosystems | If we were to draw in what the K value is, I would say K
value so far looks like right about here. |
Ecosystems | Maybe around 140, 150 wolves that Yellowstone
Park can support. |
Ecosystems | Now those wolves are moving outside of the park as well. |
Ecosystems | There's competition
that happens then. |
Ecosystems | So this is the same thing. |
Ecosystems | Here is that growth of wolves. |
Ecosystems | So the wolves
are going to be on this side. |
Ecosystems | So their population went up. |
Ecosystems | They've gone down, up, down. |
Ecosystems | It will
probably go up. |
Ecosystems | So it's just going like that. |
Ecosystems | So on this side we've graphed the wolves. |
Ecosystems | But let's look at what has happened to the elk population. |
Ecosystems | So the elk population is going
to be listed on the other side. |
Ecosystems | Something like 87% of what wolves eat are elk. |
Ecosystems | And so
these two are linked together. |
Ecosystems | They eat bison. |
Ecosystems | They eat moose. |
Ecosystems | They eat a lot of different
things. |
Ecosystems | But in general they're mostly eating elk. |
Ecosystems | And so if we look at what's happened
to the elk population during this time, the elk population started at around, this is
in the northern area of Yellowstone Park, started around 16,000. |
Ecosystems | But it steadily dropped
off. |
Ecosystems | Okay. |
Ecosystems | So now it's down to who knows, 5,000 elk maybe in 2011. |
Ecosystems | So what pressure
is that going to put on wolves? |
Ecosystems | Well now there's not a lot of food to eat. |
Ecosystems | And so the wolf
population is going to drop off. |
Ecosystems | As the wolf population drops off they're going to feed
on less elk. |
Ecosystems | And so there's probably going to be this predator prey relationship between
the two where the elk population will start to make a comeback. |
Ecosystems | It will drop off like
that. |
Ecosystems | And then if we look at the wolf population, wolf population is going to follow that as
well. |
Ecosystems | And so we reach what's called an equilibrium. |
Ecosystems | Now this is great for wolves. |
Ecosystems | Not great if
you're an elk hunter in Montana because the population has gone from 16,000 down to like
5,000. |
Ecosystems | So as they move out of Yellowstone Park, as wolves move into that area that's
private like I mentioned at the beginning, there get to be real human issues and impacts
with that. |
Ecosystems | Last thing that I want to talk about relates to humans then. |
Ecosystems | So humans can
have huge impacts on an ecosystem and not knowingly we can make big changes. |
Ecosystems | So let
me tell you the story of the whitebark pine. |
Ecosystems | Whitebark pine is going to be found in Yellowstone
Park. |
Ecosystems | If we look at where it is, here's present day whitebark pine. |
Ecosystems | So it's usually going
to be found in higher areas. |
Ecosystems | But basically it's a sturdy kind of a pine. |
Ecosystems | It can deal
with lots of snow and really cold temperatures. |
Ecosystems | But they'll produce pine nuts during the year. |
Ecosystems | And those pine nuts are gathered up by squirrels. |
Ecosystems | So the squirrels love to grab the pine nuts. |
Ecosystems | They dig and create these middens which are just like a stash of a bunch of these pine
nuts. |
Ecosystems | They'll feed on those during the winter. |
Ecosystems | But sometimes they forget where they are. |
Ecosystems | And a lot of the time those middens are, middens I think, M-I-D-D-E-N-S, are raided by grizzly
bears. |
Ecosystems | So grizzly bears will move up into these areas and they'll raid these middens. |
Ecosystems | And so it's a big part of their food supply before they start to hibernate in the winter. |
Ecosystems | And so what's happening? |
Ecosystems | Well global warming, so changes to the global climate or climate
change is creating warming conditions in Yellowstone Park. |
Ecosystems | And this is projections of what will
happen to the whitebark pine population if we just get a moderate increase in temperature. |
Ecosystems | They can't deal with that. |
Ecosystems | And so the whitebark pine is going to drop off. |
Ecosystems | As a result of
that, squirrels aren't going to have any nuts that they can actually stash. |
Ecosystems | Grizzlies aren't
going to have that. |
Ecosystems | And so you can see that this food chain is tied to the environment. |
Ecosystems | Tied into the, in this case it's going to be the overall temperature. |
Ecosystems | And so human impacts
are so fast, so global climate change is so fast that it forces pressure on all the species
within that ecosystem and all those connections. |
Ecosystems | A lot of the ones we don't even know. |
Ecosystems | And
so that's ecosystems. |
Ecosystems | They're really delicate. |
Ecosystems | They also have feedback loops that kind of
maintain that equilibrium. |
Ecosystems | But I hope that's helpful. |
AP Biology Unit 3 Workbook now available! | Hello, I just wanted to make a quick video to let you know that if you use my videos
to study for your AP Bio class, I have actually made a workbook for AP Bio Unit 3 that follows
along with my videos. |
AP Biology Unit 3 Workbook now available! | So there are questions that go along with them and I also included bit.ly's, I don't
know if you can see. |
AP Biology Unit 3 Workbook now available! | Oh, there it is. |
AP Biology Unit 3 Workbook now available! | Bit.ly's that match the video to the questions. |
AP Biology Unit 3 Workbook now available! | This workbook is available on Amazon and I've also included nice summaries with pictures
of each chapter as well as practice questions for you. |
AP Biology Unit 3 Workbook now available! | So at the end of a topic on photosynthesis or enzymes or cellular respiration, I've included
some critical thinking questions as well as practice FRQs. |
AP Biology Unit 3 Workbook now available! | So if you'd like a little workbook to follow along as you study, you can check it out on
Amazon. |
AP Biology Unit 3 Workbook now available! | I'll put the link below and good luck on any tests you have for this topic. |
AP Biology Unit 3 Workbook now available! | Bye. |
AP Bio Macromolecules - Part 2 | Hello and welcome back for the second half of the macromolecule chapter. |
AP Bio Macromolecules - Part 2 | We're going to cover proteins and nucleic acids. |
AP Bio Macromolecules - Part 2 | These guys have their own kind of section here. |
AP Bio Macromolecules - Part 2 | I've kind of held them off because these are two of the most critical things for humans, any animal, plant, bacteria, anything alive for them to function and survive. |
AP Bio Macromolecules - Part 2 | Proteins especially are incredibly important because they act in so many capacities. |
AP Bio Macromolecules - Part 2 | Most anything with colors because of a protein. |
AP Bio Macromolecules - Part 2 | Many of your hormones are because of proteins. |
AP Bio Macromolecules - Part 2 | A lot of your structural components, what makes your bones flexible, what holds all your organs in place, the stuff that makes up your fingernails, your hair, these are all proteins. |
AP Bio Macromolecules - Part 2 | What does chemical reactions? |
AP Bio Macromolecules - Part 2 | We'll talk about enzymes later. |
AP Bio Macromolecules - Part 2 | All enzymes are proteins. |
AP Bio Macromolecules - Part 2 | So there's going to be an incredible amount of the molecules in your body. |
AP Bio Macromolecules - Part 2 | In some cases it can be upwards of about half of your dry body weight. |
AP Bio Macromolecules - Part 2 | I should say body mass here to be correct. |
AP Bio Macromolecules - Part 2 | It's going to ultimately come down to proteins. |
AP Bio Macromolecules - Part 2 | So these guys are huge. |
AP Bio Macromolecules - Part 2 | Which proteins you have can largely determine how well you function, if you function, if you survive. |
AP Bio Macromolecules - Part 2 | A lot of that is because they can be incredibly diverse owing to the fact that they are a polymer that consists of amino acid monomers. |
AP Bio Macromolecules - Part 2 | There are 20 different amino acid monomers. |
AP Bio Macromolecules - Part 2 | Each of them has a different R group. |
AP Bio Macromolecules - Part 2 | So there's basically several parts of an amino acid. |
AP Bio Macromolecules - Part 2 | They typically have a carboxylic group, carboxylic acid group, hence the acid. |
AP Bio Macromolecules - Part 2 | They tend to have an amine group, an NH2 group. |
AP Bio Macromolecules - Part 2 | An amine or an amino group. |
Subsets and Splits