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{
"en": "THE ABOLITION OF WORK by Bob Black",
"ja": "ๅดๅๅป็ตถ่ซใใใปใใฉใใฏ"
}
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{
"en": "No one should ever work.",
"ja": "ไบบใฏ็ใๅดๅใใใใในใใงใใใ"
}
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{
"en": "Work is the source of nearly all the misery in the world.",
"ja": "ๅดๅใใใใใใฎไธใฎใปใจใใฉๅ
จใฆใฎไธๅนธใฎๆบๆณใชใฎใงใใใ"
}
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{
"en": "Almost any evil you'd care to name comes from working or from living in a world designed for work.",
"ja": "ใใฎไธใฎๆชใจๅผในใใใฎใฏใปใจใใฉๅ
จใฆใใๅดๅใใใใใฏๅดๅใๅๆใจใใฆไฝใใใไธ็ใซไฝใใใจใใ็บ็ใใใฎใ ใ"
}
|
{
"en": "In order to stop suffering, we have to stop working.",
"ja": "่ฆใใฟใ็ตใใใใใใใฐใๆใ
ใฏๅดๅใใใใชใใใฐใชใใชใใ"
}
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{
"en": "That doesn't mean we have to stop doing things.",
"ja": "ใใใฏใใไฝใใใใชใใจใใๆๅณใงใฏใชใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "There is more to play than child's play, as worthy as that is.",
"ja": "ใใใซใฏใใๅญไพใฎ้ใณใใใใใใฃใจๅคใใฎๆๅณใใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "I call for a collective adventure in generalized joy and freely interdependent exuberance.",
"ja": "็งใฏใ็ใจๅใณใๅใใกๅใใใจใฎไธญใซๅ
ฑๅใฎๅ้บใใใใใจใไธปๅผตใใใใ่ช็ฑใช็ธไบไพๅญ้ขไฟใใไบใใ่ฑใใซใใใใจใไธปๅผตใใใใฎใงใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "Play isn't passive.",
"ja": "ใ้ใณใใฏๅๅ็ใงใฏใชใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "Doubtless we all need a lot more time for sheer sloth and slack than we ever enjoy now, regardless of income or occupation, but once recovered from employment-induced exhaustion nearly all of us want to act.",
"ja": "ๅๅ
ฅใไปไบใฎใใจใชใฉใใฃใใๅฟใใฆใใพใฃใใ็ก็ฒพใจๆ ๆฐใซใชใๆ้ใใ่ชฐใใไปใใใใฃใจๅฟ
่ฆใจใใฆใใใใจใฏใพใกใใใชใใ้็จใซใใฃใฆๅผใ่ตทใใใใๆฅตๅบฆใฎ็ฒๅดใใๅๅพฉใใใฐใ่ชฐใ ใฃใฆ่กๅใใใใชใใใฎใชใฎใ ใ"
}
|
{
"en": "Oblomovism and Stakhanovism are two sides of the same debased coin.",
"ja": "ใชใใญใผใขใไธป็พฉ๏ผๆณจ3๏ผใจในใฟใใใไธป็พฉ๏ผๆณจ4๏ผใฏใใใฃใใใๆช่ฒจใฎ่ฃ่กจใซใใใชใใฎใงใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "The ludic life is totally incompatible with existing reality.",
"ja": "ใใฐใ(Ludic)ใ็ๆดปใฏใไปใฎ็พๅฎใจใฏๅ
จใ็ธใใใชใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "So much the worse for \"reality,\" the gravity hole that sucks the vitality from the little in life that still distinguishes it from mere survival.",
"ja": "ใ็พๅฎใใฏใพใฃใใใฟใใๆชใใใใ ใใใใฏใไบบ็ใๅใชใ็ๅญไปฅไธใฎใใฎใซใใใใจใใๆใ
ใฎๆดปๅใใๅ
จใฆๅธใใจใฃใฆใใพใใใฉใใฏใใผใซใฎใใใชใใฎใ ใ"
}
|
{
"en": "Curiously -- or maybe not -- all the old ideologies are conservative because they believe in work.",
"ja": "ไธๆ่ญฐใชใใจใซใไธๆ่ญฐใงใฏใชใใใใใใชใใใๅ
จใฆใฎๅคใใคใใชใญใฎใผใไฟๅฎ็ใงใใใใชใใชใใๅคใใคใใชใญใฎใผใฏใใใฆใใๅดๅใใไฟกไปฐใฎๅฏพ่ฑกใซใใฆใใใใใ ใ"
}
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{
"en": "Some of them, like Marxism and most brands of anarchism, believe in work all the more fiercely because they believe in so little else.",
"ja": "ไธญใซใฏใใใซใฏในไธป็พฉใๅคงๅใฎใขใใญใบใ ใฎใใใซใใปใใซไฟกใใใใใใฎใใชใใฎใงใไธๅฑค้ ใชใซๅดๅใไฟกไปฐใใใใฎใใใใใ"
}
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{
"en": "Liberals say we should end employment discrimination.",
"ja": "ใชใใฉใซๆดพใฏใ้็จๅทฎๅฅใ็ตใใใใในใใงใใใจ่จใใ"
}
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{
"en": "I say we should end employment.",
"ja": "็งใฏใ้็จใ็ตใใใใในใใงใใใจ่จใใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "Conservatives support right-to-work laws.",
"ja": "ไฟๅฎๆดพใฏๅดๅใฎๆจฉๅฉใไธปๅผตใใใ"
}
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{
"en": "Following Karl Marx's wayward son-in-law Paul Lafargue I support the right to be lazy.",
"ja": "ใซใผใซใปใใซใฏในใฎ็พฉ็ใฎๆฏๅญใงๆฐใพใใใชใใผใซใปใฉใใกใซใฐ๏ผๆณจ5๏ผใซ็ฟใฃใฆ่จใใฐใ็งใฏๆ ใใๆจฉๅฉใไธปๅผตใใใ"
}
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{
"en": "Leftists favor full employment.",
"ja": "ๅทฆ็ฟผใฏๅฎๅ
จ้็จใใใใใใจ่ใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "Like the surrealists -- except that I'm not kidding -- I favor full unemployment.",
"ja": "ใทใฅใผใซใฌใขใชในใใ็ไผผใฆ่จใใจใโ็งใฏใตใใใฆใใใใใงใฏใชใโ็งใฏๅฎๅ
จๅคฑๆฅญใใใใใใจ่ใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "Trotskyists agitate for permanent revolution.",
"ja": "ใใญใใญในใใฏๆฐธไน
้ฉๅฝใ็ฎๆใใฆ้ใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "I agitate for permanent revelry.",
"ja": "็งใฏๆฐธไน
ใฎใฐใ้จใ(revelry)ใ็ฎๆใใฆ้ใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "But if all the ideologues (as they do) advocate work -- and not only because they plan to make other people do theirs -- they are strangely reluctant to say so.",
"ja": "ใใใฉใใใในใฆใฎใคใใชใญใผใฐใ(ไปใใใใฆใใใใใซ)ๅดๅใไธปๅผตใใใซใใฆใใใชใใใๅฝผใใฏใใใใใใญใช่จใใใจใฏใใชใใฎใงใใใใใใฏใๅฝผใใไปไบบใ่ชๅใฎใใใซๅดๅใใใใใจใใฆใใใจใใ็็ฑใใใ ใใงใฏใงใฏใชใใ"
}
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{
"en": "They will carry on endlessly about wages, hours, working conditions, exploitation, productivity, profitability.",
"ja": "ๅฝผใใฏ่ณ้ใๆ้ใๅดๅๆกไปถใๆพๅใ็็ฃๆงใๅ็ๆงใซใคใใฆใชใใจใใฉใชใ่ฉฑใ็ถใใใใ"
}
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{
"en": "They'll gladly talk about anything but work itself.",
"ja": "ๅดๅใใ่ชไฝใซ้ขใใฆใงใชใใใฐใๅใใงไฝใงใ่ฉฑใใงใใใใ"
}
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{
"en": "These experts who offer to do our thinking for us rarely share their conclusions about work, for all its saliency in the lives of all of us.",
"ja": "ๆใ
ใฎใใใซๆๆณใๆไพใใฆใใใใจใใใใใใฎๅฐ้ๅฎถ้ฃไธญใใ็งใใก่ช่บซใฎไบบ็ใฎๆ ธๅฟใงใใๅดๅใซ้ขใใฆ็ต่ซใไธ่ดใใใใจใฏใพใใชใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "Among themselves they quibble over the details.",
"ja": "้ฃไธญๅๅฃซใงใ้็ฎฑใฎ้
ใใคใคใใณใธใใฑ่ญฐ่ซใใใใ ใใงใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "Unions and management agree that we ought to sell the time of our lives in exchange for survival, although they haggle over the price.",
"ja": "ๅดๅ็ตๅใ็ตๅถ่
ใใๅดๅ่
ใฏ็ใใใใใซไบบ็ใฎๆ้ใๅฃฒใใชใใใฐใชใใชใใใจใใใใจใซใคใใฆใฏไธ่ดใใฆใใใฎใ ใ่จใไบใใฎใฏใใฎไพกๆ ผใซใคใใฆใซใใใชใใ"
}
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{
"en": "Marxists think we should be bossed by bureaucrats.",
"ja": "ใใซใฏในไธป็พฉ่
ใฏๅฎๅใใในใซใชใในใใงใใใจ่ใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "Libertarians think we should be bossed by businessmen.",
"ja": "ใชใใผใฟใชใขใณใฏๅฎๆฅญๅฎถใใในใซใชใในใใ ใจ่ใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "Feminists don't care which form bossing takes so long as the bosses are women.",
"ja": "ใใงใใในใใฏใใในใๅฅณๆงใงใใใใใใใฐใใฉใกใใ ใใใจใๆงใใชใใ ใ"
}
|
{
"en": "Clearly these ideology-mongers have serious differences over how to divvy up the spoils of power.",
"ja": "ใใใใใคใใชใญใฎใผๅฑใฎ้ใใฏใๆจฉๅใฎใใใใๅฉๆจฉใใฉใใใฃใฆๅ้
ใใใใจใใ็นใซใคใใใใจใฏๆใใใงใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "Just as clearly, none of them have any objection to power as such and all of them want to keep us working.",
"ja": "่ชฐใๆจฉๅ่ชไฝใซๅฏพใใฆใฏ็ๅใๆใใชใใใๅฝผใๅ
จๅกใใๆใ
ใซๅดๅใ็ถใใใใใใจ่ใใฆใใใใจใใๅใใใใซใพใๆ็ฝใงใใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "You may be wondering if I'm joking or serious.",
"ja": "ใใชใใฏ็งใใตใใใฆใใฎใใ็ๅฃใชใฎใใใฉใกใใชใฎใใจๆใ่ฟทใใใใใใชใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "I'm joking and serious.",
"ja": "็งใฏใตใใใฆใใใจๅๆใซใ็ๅฃใงใใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "To be ludic is not to be ludicrous.",
"ja": "ใใฐใ(Ludic)ใใซใชใใใจใฏใใฐใใฐใใใใใจใงใฏใชใใฎใงใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "Play doesn't have to be frivolous, although frivolity isn't triviality: very often we ought to take frivolity seriously.",
"ja": "ใ้ใณใใใใ ใใชใใจใฏ้ใใชใใใใ ใใชใใใจใๅธธใซใคใพใใชใใใใงใฏใชใใใ็งใใกใฏ็ๅฃใซใใใ ใใชใใใจใใใในใใจใใๅฐใชใใชใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "I'd like life to be a game -- but a game with high stakes.",
"ja": "็งใฏใไบบ็ใใฒใผใ ใงใใใจใใ่ใใๅฅฝใใ ใใใใๅคงๅๆใฎใฒใผใ ใ ใ"
}
|
{
"en": "I want to play for keeps.",
"ja": "็งใฏใ้ใณใใ็ๅฃๅ่ฒ ใงใใใใใจๆใฃใฆใใใฎใ ใ"
}
|
{
"en": "The alternative to work isn't just idleness.",
"ja": "ๅดๅใฎใชใซใฟใใใฃใใฏใไฝใใใชใใใจใงใฏใชใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "To be ludic is not to be quaaludic.",
"ja": "ใใฐใ(ludic)ใใซใชใใใจใฏใๅ็ดใฐใ(quaaludic)ใใซใชใใใจใงใฏใชใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "As much as I treasure the pleasure of torpor, it's never more rewarding than when it punctuates other pleasures and pastimes.",
"ja": "็งใใ็กๆฐๅใฎๅใณใๅคงไบใซใใใใจ่จใใจใใใใใไปใฎๅใณใๅจฏๆฅฝใไธญๆญใใใใจไปฅไธใซไพกๅคใใใใจใใใใใงใฏใชใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "Nor am I promoting the managed time-disciplined safety-valve called \"leisure\"; far from it.",
"ja": "ใพใใ็งใฏใใฌใธใฃใผใใจๅผใฐใใใๆ้ๅถ้ใฎใใ็ฎก็ใใใๅฎๅ
จๅผใๅฅจๅฑใใฆใใใใใงใใชใใๅ
จใ้ใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "Leisure is the time spent recovering from work and in the frenzied but hopeless attempt to forget about work.",
"ja": "ใฌใธใฃใผใฏๅดๅใใๅๅพฉใใใใใซใไปไบใๅฟใใใใจ็ฑ็็ใงใใใ็ก้งใชๅชๅใใใฆ้ใใๆ้ใงใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "Many people return from vacation so beat that they look forward to returning to work so they can rest up.",
"ja": "ๅคใใฎไบบใฏใใฃใใ็ฒใใใฃใฆไผๆใใใใฉใใใใฃใใไผๆฏใใจใใใใใซๅดๅใซๆปใใใจใๅฟๅพ
ใกใซใใใใใใงใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "The main difference between work and leisure is that work at least you get paid for your alienation and enervation.",
"ja": "ๅดๅใจใฌใธใฃใผใฎไธปใช็ธ้ใฏใๅดๅไธญใซใฏๅฐใชใใจใใ็ๅคใจๆถ่ใซๅฏพใใฆๅฏพไพกใๆฏๆใใใใจใใใใจใ ใใชใฎใงใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "I am not playing definitional games with anybody.",
"ja": "็งใฏ่จ่ใฎๅฎ็พฉใฒใผใ ใใใใคใใใฏใชใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "When I say I want to abolish work, I mean just what I say, but I want to say what I mean by defining my terms in non-idiosyncratic ways.",
"ja": "็งใใๅดๅใฎๅป็ตถใๆใใใจ่จใใจใใฏใ่จ่้ใใฎๆๅณใชใฎใงใใใใใใฉใใ็งใไฝฟใ่จ่ใใใใใใใพใใซๅฎ็พฉใใใฐใ็งใ่จใใใจใใใใจใไธๅฑคใใใญใชใใใ ใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "My minimum definition of work is forced labor, that is, compulsory production.",
"ja": "ๅดๅใฎ็งใฎๆๅฐ้ใฎๅฎ็พฉใฏใๅผทๅถใใใไปไบใใใชใใกใๅผทๅถ็ใช็็ฃใใงใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "Both elements are essential.",
"ja": "ใใฎไธกๆนใฎ่ฆ็ด ใไธๅฏๆฌ ใงใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "Work is production enforced by economic or political means, by the carrot or the stick. (The carrot is just the stick by other means.)",
"ja": "ๅดๅใฏใ็ตๆธ็ใปๆฟๆฒป็ใชๆๆฎตใซใใฃใฆๅผทๅถใใใ็็ฃใไบบๅใจใ ใใซใใ็็ฃใงใใใ๏ผไบบๅใฏไปใฎๆๆฎตใซใใฃใฆใฏใพใใซใ ใใซใชใ๏ผ"
}
|
{
"en": "But not all creation is work.",
"ja": "ใใใฉใๅ
จใฆใฎๅต้ ๆดปๅใๅดๅใงใใใใใงใฏใชใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "Work is never done for its own sake, it's done on account of some product or output that the worker (or, more often, somebody else) gets out of it.",
"ja": "ๅดๅใฏใใใ่ช่บซใ็ฎ็ใซใชใใใจใฏๆฑบใใฆใชใใๅดๅ่
๏ผใใใใฏใใปใใฎ่ชฐใใงใใใใจใฎๆนใๅคใใ๏ผใๅดๅใใๅพใใใจใฎใงใใๆๆใ็็ฃ็ฉใ็ฎ็ใชใฎใงใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "This is what work necessarily is.",
"ja": "ใใใๅดๅใๅฟ
็ถ็ใซใใฉใ้ใงใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "To define it is to despise it.",
"ja": "ๅฎ็พฉใใใใจใฏใใใใๅซๆชใใใใจใชใฎใงใใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "But work is usually even worse than its definition decrees.",
"ja": "ๅดๅใฏใใใฎๅฎ็พฉใใไธๅฑคๆชใใฎใๅธธใงใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "The dynamic of domination intrinsic to work tends over time toward elaboration.",
"ja": "ๅดๅใฎๆฌ่ณชใงใใๆฏ้
ใฎๅๅๅใใๅดๅๆ้ใใพใใพใๅขใใๅพๅใใใใใใ ใ"
}
|
{
"en": "In advanced work-riddled societies, including all industrial societies whether capitalist of \"Communist,\" work invariably acquires other attributes which accentuate its obnoxiousness.",
"ja": "ๅดๅใงใใตใใฆใใๅ
้ฒๅฝ็คพไผใงใฏใ่ณๆฌไธป็พฉใ ใใใจใๅ
ฑ็ฃไธป็พฉใใ ใใใจ็ฃๆฅญ็คพไผใชใๅ
จใฆใๅดๅใฎใใฎไธๅฟซใช็นๅพดใใๅฟ
ใๅผทใๅบใฆใใใฎใงใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "Usually -- and this is even more true in \"Communist\" than capitalist countries, where the state is almost the only employer and everyone is an employee -- work is employment, i. e., wage-labor, which means selling yourself on the installment plan.",
"ja": "ใใใฆใใฎๅ ดๅใๅดๅใฏ้็จใใใชใใก่ณ้ๅดๅใงใใใใใใฏใ่ชๅ่ช่บซใๅๅฒๆใใงๅฃฒใๆธกใใใจใ ใ"
}
|
{
"en": "In the USSR or Cuba or Yugoslavia or any other alternative model which might be adduced, the corresponding figure approaches 100%.",
"ja": "ๅฝๅฎถใใปใจใใฉๅฏไธใฎ้็จ่
ใงใใใๅฝๆฐๅ
จใฆใๅพๆฅญๅกใซใชใใๅ
ฑ็ฃไธป็พฉๅฝใใซใใใฆใฏใใใฎใใจใฏ่ณๆฌไธป็พฉๅฝใใใใใฃใใ็ๅฎใงใใใใขใกใชใซไบบใฎ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผ
ใฏ่ชๅไปฅๅคใฎ่ชฐใ๏ผใใใใฏไฝใ๏ผใฎใใใซๅใใฆใใใใใฝ้ฃใปใญใฅใผใใปใฆใผใดในใฉใใขใปใใซใฉใฐใขใใใใฏใใใซไปฃใใฃใฆ่ซๆ ใจใใฆๆใใใใไปใฎใใใชใ็คพไผไธป็พฉใขใใซใงใใใใใซๅฝใใๆฐๅญใฏ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผ
ใซใใใใชใ่ฟใใใฎใงใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "Only the embattled Third World peasant bastions -- Mexico, India, Brazil, Turkey -- temporarily shelter significant concentrations of agriculturists who perpetuate the traditional arrangement of most laborers in the last several millenia, the payment of taxes (= ransom) to the state or rent to parasitic landlords in return for being otherwise left alone.",
"ja": "ใกใญใทใณใใคใณใใใใฉใธใซใใใซใณใชใฉใ็ฌฌไธไธ็ใฎ่ฆๅกใซใใฆใใใ่ฒง่พฒใ ใใใๅฝๅฎถใธใฎ็จ้๏ผ่บซไปฃ้๏ผใจๅฏ็ๅฐไธปใธใฎๅฐไปฃใใๆใใฐใใปใฃใใใใใฆใใใฆใใใใใฎใงใใใใใใฏใ้ๅปๅๅนด้ใฎไผ็ตฑ็ใชๅดๅ้ขไฟใๆฐธ็ถใใใใใจใใ่พฒๅ ดไธปใใกใใใฏใณใตใจ้ใพใ้ฟ้ฃๆใซใชใฃใฆใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "Even this raw deal is beginning to look good.",
"ja": "ใ ใใใใฎใฒใฉใไปๆใกใใใๆใ
ใซใฏ่ฏใ่ฆใๅงใใใฎใ ใ"
}
|
{
"en": "All industrial (and office) workers are employees and under the sort of surveillance which ensures servility.",
"ja": "ๅ
้ฒๅฝใฎ็ฃๆฅญๅดๅ่
๏ผใใใฆใชใใฃในๅดๅ่
๏ผใฏๅ
จใฆ้ใใไบบใงใใใๅฅด้ท็ถๆ
ใ็ขบไฟใใใใใช็ฃ่ฆไธใซใใใใใฎใ ใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "But modern work has worse implications.",
"ja": "่ฟไปฃ็ใชๅดๅใซใฏใใใใซๆชใๅซใฟใใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "People don't just work, they have \"jobs.\"",
"ja": "ไบบใ
ใฏใใ ๅดๅใใใ ใใงใฏใชใใใ่ทๆฅญใใๆใใใใใฎใ ใ"
}
|
{
"en": "One person does one productive task all the time on an or-else basis.",
"ja": "ไธไบบใฎไบบ้ใฏใใใคใไธใคใฎ่ทๅใใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "Even if the task has a quantum of intrinsic interest (as increasingly many jobs don't) the monotony of its obligatory exclusivity drains its ludic potential.",
"ja": "๏ผๅบๆฌ็ใซใฏ๏ผใใจใใใใฎ่ทๅใๆฌ่ณช็ใซ่ๅณใๆใฆใใใฎใ ใฃใใจใใฆใใ๏ผใใใใไปไบใฏใฉใใฉใๅฐใชใใชใฃใฆใใใ๏ผ็ธใใคใใใใ่ทๅใฎ้้็ใชๅ่ชฟใใฏใใใฎไบบใฎใใฐใใใใใณใทใฃใซใๆถ่ใใใฆใใพใใฎใงใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "A \"job\" that might engage the energies of some people, for a reasonably limited time, for the fun of it, is just a burden on those who have to do it for forty hours a week with no say in how it should be done, for the profit of owners who contribute nothing to the project, and with no opportunity for sharing tasks or spreading the work among those who actually have to do it.",
"ja": "ใปใฉใปใฉใฎ้ใใใๆ้ๅ
ใงใใใฐใๆฅฝใใใงใจใใซใฎใผใๆณจใ่พผใใใใใใใชใใไปไบใใงใใใใๆนใซๆๅฅไธใค่จใใ้ฑ๏ผ๏ผๆ้ใใใชใใใฐใชใใชใใชใใฐใใใใฏ่ฆๅฝนใงใใใชใใใใใใใใญใธใงใฏใใซไฝใฎๅฏไธใใใชใๆๆ่
ใฎๅฉ็ใฎใใใฎไปไบใงใใใไปไบใๅๆ
ใใใใๅฎ้ใซใใชใใใฐใชใใชใไบบใ
ใซๅดๅใๅบใใใใใๆฉไผใไธใใใใชใใฎใ ใ"
}
|
{
"en": "This is the real world of work: a world of bureaucratic blundering, of sexual harassment and discrimination, of bonehead bosses exploiting and scapegoating their subordinates who -- by any rational-technical criteria -- should be calling the shots.",
"ja": "ใใใ็พๅฎไธ็ใฎๅดๅใงใใใ่ฝ็กใๅฎๅใใฆใญใฆใญใใไธ็ใใปใฏใใฉใจๅทฎๅฅใฎไธ็ใ้จไธใๆพๅใ็ฝชใใใใใใใฑใชใในใฎไธ็ใงใใใใใใใๅ็็ๅฐ้็ใชๅบๆบใไฝฟใฃใฆใ้จไธใฏๆฏ้
ใใใใฎใงใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "But capitalism in the real world subordinates the rational maximization of productivity and profit to the exigencies of organizational control.",
"ja": "็พๅฎใฎ่ณๆฌไธป็พฉใฎไธ็ใงใฏใ็ต็นๆฏ้
ใๅฑๆฉใซใชใใจใ็็ฃๆงใๅฉ็ใฎๅ็็ใช่ฟฝๆฑใงใใๅพๅฑใใใใใใฎใ ใ"
}
|
{
"en": "Foucault has complexified this phenomenon but it is simple enough.",
"ja": "ใใผใณใผใใใฎ็พ่ฑกใใใใใใใใฆใใพใฃใใใใใใฏใพใฃใใๅ็ดใงใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "It is something historically original and horrible.",
"ja": "่ฆๅพใฏๆญดๅฒ็ใช่ตทๆบใๆใกใ"
}
|
{
"en": "It was beyond the capacities of such demonic dictators of yore as Nero and Genghis Khan and Ivan the Terrible.",
"ja": "ใใญใใธใณใฎในใซใณใปใคใฏใณ้ทๅธใฎใใใชๆใฎๆช้ญ็ใชๅฐๅถๅไธปใใฏใใใซ่ถใใๆใใใไปฃ็ฉใชใฎใ ใ"
}
|
{
"en": "For all their bad intentions they just didn't have the machinery to control their subjects as thoroughly as modern despots do.",
"ja": "ๅฝผใใใฉใใชใซๆชๆใๆใฃใฆใใใจใใฆใใ็พไปฃใฎๅฐๅถๅไธปใปใฉๅฎ็งใซ่ฃๆฐใๆฏ้
ใงใใใใใชๆฉๆงใฏๆใฃใฆใฏใใชใใฃใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "Discipline is the distinctively diabolical modern mode of control, it is an innovative intrusion which must be interdicted at the earliest opportunity.",
"ja": "่ฆๅพใฏใๆฏ้
ใฎใใ็ซใฃใฆ้ชๆชใช็พไปฃ็ๆงๅผใชใฎใงใใใใใฎ้ฉๆฐ็ใชๆผใใคใใฏใใชใในใๆฉใๆญขใใชใใฆใฏใชใใชใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "Such is \"work.\"",
"ja": "ใใใใๅดๅใใงใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "Play is just the opposite.",
"ja": "ใ้ใณใใฏๅ
จใใใฎๆญฃๅๅฏพใ ใ"
}
|
{
"en": "Play is always voluntary.",
"ja": "ใ้ใณใใฏๅธธใซ่ช็บ็ใ ใ"
}
|
{
"en": "What might otherwise be play is work if it's forced.",
"ja": "ใใๅผทๅถใใใใชใใ้ใณใใๅดๅใซใชใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "This is axiomatic.",
"ja": "ใใใฏๅฝใใๅใงใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "Bernie de Koven has defined play as the \"suspension of consequences.\"",
"ja": "ใใผใใผใปใใปใณใผใใงใณใฏใ้ใณใใใ็ตๆใฎไฟ็ใใจๅฎ็พฉใใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "This is unacceptable if it implies that play is inconsequential.",
"ja": "ใใใใใใ้ใณใใ้่ฆใงใชใใจใใๆๅณใชใใใใฎๅฎ็พฉใฏๅใๅ
ฅใใใใชใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "The point is not that play is without consequences.",
"ja": "ใใคใณใใฏใ้ใณใซใฏ็ตๆใใชใใใจใใใใจใงใฏใชใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "This is to demean play.",
"ja": "ใใใฏ้ใณใ่ฒถใใฆใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "The point is that the consequences, if any, are gratuitous.",
"ja": "ใใคใณใใฏ้ใณใฎ็ตๆใฏใใใใใใจใใฆใใ็กๅ ฑ้
ฌใฎใใฎใงใใใจใใใใจใงใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "Playing and giving are closely related, they are the behavioral and transactional facets of the same impulse, the play-instinct.",
"ja": "้ใณใจ่ดไธใฏๅฏๆฅใช้ขใใใใใใใใใใฏๅใๆฌฒๆฑใฎ่กๅใฎๅด้ขใจๅๅผใฎๅด้ขใงใใใใใฎๆฌฒๆฑใใใใ้ใณใฎๆฌ่ฝใชใฎใงใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "They share an aristocratic disdain for results.",
"ja": "ใฉใกใใใ็ตๆ๏ผๅฏพไพก๏ผใ่ปฝ่ใใ่ชใ้ซใ่ก็บใชใฎใ ใ"
}
|
{
"en": "The player gets something out of playing; that's why he plays.",
"ja": "้ใถไบบใฏใ้ใณใใ่ชไฝใใไฝใใๅพใใใใใใไบบใ้ใถ็็ฑใชใฎใ ใ"
}
|
{
"en": "But the core reward is the experience of the activity itself (whatever it is).",
"ja": "๏ผใใใไฝใงใใใจใใฆใ๏ผ็ใฎๅฏพไพกใฏๆดปๅใฎ็ต้จใใ่ชไฝใงใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "Some otherwise attentive students of play, like Johan Huizinga (Homo Ludens), define it as game-playing or following rules.",
"ja": "ใ้ใณใใ็ ็ฉถใใใจใใณใปใใคใธใณใฌ๏ผใใใขใซใผใใณในใใฎ่่
๏ผ๏ผๆณจ6๏ผใฎใใใช็ ็ฉถ่
ใฏใใใใใฒใผใ ใใฌใคใใซใผใซใฎ้ ๅฎใจๅฎ็พฉใฅใใใใใใใชใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "I respect Huizinga's erudition but emphatically reject his constraints.",
"ja": "็งใฏใใคใธใณใฌใฎๅ่ญใฏๅฐๆฌใใใใๅฝผใฎ็ชฎๅฑใชๅฎ็พฉใฏๅ
จใ้้ใฃใฆใใใจๆใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "There are many good games (chess, baseball, Monopoly, bridge) which are rule-governed but there is much more to play than game-playing.",
"ja": "ใซใผใซใฎใใใฒใผใ ใซใ่ฏใใใฎใฏใใใใใใใ๏ผใใงในใ้็ใใขใใใชใผใใใชใใธ๏ผใใใใใ้ใณใใฏใฒใผใ ใใใใฏใใใซ่ฑๅฏใชใฎใงใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "Conversation, sex, dancing, travel -- these practices aren't rule-governed but they are surely play if anything is.",
"ja": "ไผ่ฉฑใใปใใฏในใใใณในใๆ
่กใใใใใฎ่กๅใซใซใผใซใฏใชใใใใใใใฏใพใใใใชใใ้ใณใใงใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "And rules can be played with at least as readily as anything else.",
"ja": "ใใใฆไปใฎ็ฉใจๅใใใใซใใซใผใซใ่ถๅใใฆ้ใถใใจใใงใใใฎใ ใ"
}
|
{
"en": "Work makes a mockery of freedom.",
"ja": "ๅดๅใฏ่ช็ฑใๅฝข้ชธๅใใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "The official line is that we all have rights and live in a democracy.",
"ja": "ๅ
ฌๅผ่ฆ่งฃใงใฏใๆใ
ใฏใในใฆๆฐไธปไธป็พฉๅฝๅฎถใซไฝใฟใๆงใ
ใชๆจฉๅฉใๆใฃใฆใใใใจใซใชใฃใฆใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "Other unfortunates who aren't free like we are have to live in police states.",
"ja": "ใ ใๆใ
ใใ่ช็ฑใงใชใไปใฎไธๅนธใชไบบใ
ใใๅๆงใซ่ญฆๅฏๅฝๅฎถใซไฝใพใชใใใฐใชใใชใใฎใงใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "These victims obey orders or-else, no matter how arbitrary.",
"ja": "่ญฆๅฏๅฝๅฎถใซไฝใ็ ็ฒ่
ใฏใใฉใใชๅๆใชๅฝไปคใงใใฃใฆใใใใใซๅพใใใใใใ"
}
|
{
"en": "The authorities keep them under regular surveillance.",
"ja": "ๅฝๅฑใไบบใ
ใๆฅๅธธ็ใซ็ฃ่ฆใใฆใใใใใงใใใ"
}
|
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