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Mto Tapoa
|
Mto Tapoa ni mto unaopatikana Niger na kupitisha maji yake Burkina Faso, halafu unatengeneza sehemu ndogondogo ambayo imepita katika mipaka ya Burkina Faso na Niger badala yake inaingia katika mto Niger kusini magharibi mwa Niger.
Mito ya Afrika
Mito ya Niger
Mito ya Burkina Faso
Mto Niger
|
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"content": "Mto Tapoa",
"role": "user"
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"content": "Mto Tapoa ni mto unaopatikana Niger na kupitisha maji yake Burkina Faso, halafu unatengeneza sehemu ndogondogo ambayo imepita katika mipaka ya Burkina Faso na Niger badala yake inaingia katika mto Niger kusini magharibi mwa Niger.\n\nMito ya Afrika\nMito ya Niger\nMito ya Burkina Faso\nMto Niger",
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https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takashi%20Kano
|
Takashi Kano (加納 孝; 31 Oktoba 1920 - 4 Juni 2000) alikuwa mchezaji wa zamani wa mpira wa miguu wa Japani. Aliwahi kucheza timu ya taifa ya Japani.
Kano alicheza kwa mara ya kwanza katika timu ya taifa ya Japani tarehe 7 Machi 1951 dhidi ya Uajemi. Kano alicheza Japani katika mechi 7, akifunga mabao 2.
Takwimu
Tanbihi
Wachezaji mpira wa Japani
|
[
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"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
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"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takashi%20Kano",
"role": "user"
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"content": "Takashi Kano (加納 孝; 31 Oktoba 1920 - 4 Juni 2000) alikuwa mchezaji wa zamani wa mpira wa miguu wa Japani. Aliwahi kucheza timu ya taifa ya Japani.\n\nKano alicheza kwa mara ya kwanza katika timu ya taifa ya Japani tarehe 7 Machi 1951 dhidi ya Uajemi. Kano alicheza Japani katika mechi 7, akifunga mabao 2.\n\nTakwimu\n\nTanbihi\n\nWachezaji mpira wa Japani",
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitutional%20law
|
Constitutional law is a body of law which defines the role, powers, and structure of different entities within a state, namely, the executive, the parliament or legislature, and the judiciary; as well as the basic rights of citizens and, in federal countries such as the United States and Canada, the relationship between the central government and state, provincial, or territorial governments.
Not all nation states have codified constitutions, though all such states have a jus commune, or law of the land, that may consist of a variety of imperative and consensual rules. These may include customary law, conventions, statutory law, judge-made law, or international rules and norms. Constitutional law deals with the fundamental principles by which the government exercises its authority. In some instances, these principles grant specific powers to the government, such as the power to tax and spend for the welfare of the population. Other times, constitutional principles act to place limits on what the government can do, such as prohibiting the arrest of an individual without sufficient cause.
In most nations, such as the United States, India, and Singapore, constitutional law is based on the text of a document ratified at the time the nation came into being. Other constitutions, notably that of the United Kingdom, rely heavily on uncodified rules, as several legislative statutes and constitutional conventions, their status within constitutional law varies, and the terms of conventions are in some cases strongly contested.
State and legal structure
Constitutional laws can be considered second order rule making or rules about making rules to exercise power. It governs the relationships between the judiciary, the legislature and the executive with the bodies under its authority. One of the key tasks of constitutions within this context is to indicate hierarchies and relationships of power. For example, in a unitary state, the constitution will vest ultimate authority in one central administration and legislature, and judiciary, though there is often a delegation of power or authority to local or municipal authorities. When a constitution establishes a federal state, it will identify the several levels of government coexisting with exclusive or shared areas of jurisdiction over lawmaking, application and enforcement. Some federal states, most notably the United States, have separate and parallel federal and state judiciaries, with each having its own hierarchy of courts with a supreme court for each state. India, on the other hand, has one judiciary divided into district courts, high courts, and the Supreme Court of India.
Human rights
Human rights or civil liberties form a crucial part of a country's constitution and uphold the rights of the individual against the state. Most jurisdictions, like the United States and France, have a codified constitution, with a bill of rights. A recent example is the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union which was intended to be included in the Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe, that failed to be ratified. Perhaps the most important example is the Universal Declaration of Human Rights under the UN Charter. These are intended to ensure basic political, social and economic standards that a nation state, or intergovernmental body is obliged to provide to its citizens but many do include its governments. Canada is another instance where a codified constitution. with the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, protects human rights for people under the nation's jurisdiction.
Some countries like the United Kingdom have no entrenched document setting out fundamental rights; in those jurisdictions the constitution is composed of statute, case law and convention. A case named Entick v. Carrington is a constitutional principle deriving from the common law. John Entick's house was searched and ransacked by Sherriff Carrington. Carrington argued that a warrant from a Government minister, the Earl of Halifax was valid authority, even though there was no statutory provision or court order for it. The court, led by Lord Camden stated that,
The common law and the civil law jurisdictions do not share the same constitutional law underpinnings. Common law nations, such as those in the Commonwealth as well as the United States, derive their legal systems from that of the United Kingdom, and as such place emphasis on judicial precedent, whereby consequential court rulings (especially those by higher courts) are a source of law. Civil law jurisdictions, on the other hand, place less emphasis on judicial review and only the parliament or legislature has the power to effect law. As a result, the structure of the judiciary differs significantly between the two, with common law judiciaries being adversarial and civil law judiciaries being inquisitorial. Common law judicatures consequently separate the judiciary from the prosecution, thereby establishing the courts as completely independent from both the legislature and law enforcement. Human rights law in these countries is as a result, largely built on legal precedent in the courts' interpretation of constitutional law, whereas that of civil law countries is almost exclusively composed of codified law, constitutional or otherwise.
Legislative procedure
Another main function of constitutions may be to describe the procedure by which parliaments may legislate. For instance, special majorities may be required to alter the constitution. In bicameral legislatures, there may be a process laid out for second or third readings of bills before a new law can enter into force. Alternatively, there may further be requirements for maximum terms that a government can keep power before holding an election.
Study of constitutional law
Constitutional law is a major focus of legal studies and research. For example, most law students in the United States are required to take a class in Constitutional Law during their first year, and several law journals are devoted to the discussion of constitutional issues.
The rule of law
The doctrine of the rule of law dictates that government must be conducted according to law. This was first established by British legal theorist A. V. Dicey.
Dicey identified three essential elements of the British Constitution which were indicative of the rule of law:
Absolute supremacy of regular law as opposed to the influence of arbitrary power;
Equality before the law;
The Constitution is a result of the ordinary law of the land.
Dicey's rule of law formula consists of three classic tenets. The first is that the regular law is supreme over arbitrary and discretionary powers. "[N]o man is punishable ... except for a distinct breach of the law established in the ordinary legal manner before the ordinary courts of the land."
The second is that all men are to stand equal in the eyes of the law. "...no man is above the law...every man, whatever be his rank or condition, is subject to the ordinary law of the realm and amenable to the jurisdiction of the ordinary tribunals"
The third is that the general ideas and principles that the constitution supports arise directly from the judgements and precedents issued by the judiciary. "We may say that the constitution is pervaded by the rule of law on the ground that the general principles of the constitution... are with us the result of judicial decisions determining the rights of private persons in particular cases brought before the courts"
The separation of powers
Separation of powers is often regarded as a second limb functioning alongside the rule of law to curb the powers of the government. In many modern nation states, power is divided and vested into three branches of government: The legislature, the executive, and the judiciary are known as the horizontal separation of powers. The first and the second are harmonised in traditional Westminster system. Vertical separation of powers is decentralisation.
Election Law
Election law is a subfield of constitutional law. It includes the rules governing the process of elections. These rules enable the translation of the will of the people into functioning democracies. Election law addresses issues who is entitled to vote, voter registration, ballot access, campaign finance and party funding, redistricting, apportionment, electronic voting and voting machines, accessibility of elections, election systems and formulas, vote counting, election disputes, referendums, and issues such as electoral fraud and electoral silence.
See also
Constitutionalism
Constitution
Constitutional economics
Constitutional rights
Philosophy of law
Public law
Rechtsstaat
Rule of law
References
External links
|
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"content": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitutional%20law",
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"content": "Constitutional law is a body of law which defines the role, powers, and structure of different entities within a state, namely, the executive, the parliament or legislature, and the judiciary; as well as the basic rights of citizens and, in federal countries such as the United States and Canada, the relationship between the central government and state, provincial, or territorial governments.\n\nNot all nation states have codified constitutions, though all such states have a jus commune, or law of the land, that may consist of a variety of imperative and consensual rules. These may include customary law, conventions, statutory law, judge-made law, or international rules and norms. Constitutional law deals with the fundamental principles by which the government exercises its authority. In some instances, these principles grant specific powers to the government, such as the power to tax and spend for the welfare of the population. Other times, constitutional principles act to place limits on what the government can do, such as prohibiting the arrest of an individual without sufficient cause.\n\nIn most nations, such as the United States, India, and Singapore, constitutional law is based on the text of a document ratified at the time the nation came into being. Other constitutions, notably that of the United Kingdom, rely heavily on uncodified rules, as several legislative statutes and constitutional conventions, their status within constitutional law varies, and the terms of conventions are in some cases strongly contested.\n\nState and legal structure\n\nConstitutional laws can be considered second order rule making or rules about making rules to exercise power. It governs the relationships between the judiciary, the legislature and the executive with the bodies under its authority. One of the key tasks of constitutions within this context is to indicate hierarchies and relationships of power. For example, in a unitary state, the constitution will vest ultimate authority in one central administration and legislature, and judiciary, though there is often a delegation of power or authority to local or municipal authorities. When a constitution establishes a federal state, it will identify the several levels of government coexisting with exclusive or shared areas of jurisdiction over lawmaking, application and enforcement. Some federal states, most notably the United States, have separate and parallel federal and state judiciaries, with each having its own hierarchy of courts with a supreme court for each state. India, on the other hand, has one judiciary divided into district courts, high courts, and the Supreme Court of India.\n\nHuman rights\n\nHuman rights or civil liberties form a crucial part of a country's constitution and uphold the rights of the individual against the state. Most jurisdictions, like the United States and France, have a codified constitution, with a bill of rights. A recent example is the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union which was intended to be included in the Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe, that failed to be ratified. Perhaps the most important example is the Universal Declaration of Human Rights under the UN Charter. These are intended to ensure basic political, social and economic standards that a nation state, or intergovernmental body is obliged to provide to its citizens but many do include its governments. Canada is another instance where a codified constitution. with the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, protects human rights for people under the nation's jurisdiction.\n\nSome countries like the United Kingdom have no entrenched document setting out fundamental rights; in those jurisdictions the constitution is composed of statute, case law and convention. A case named Entick v. Carrington is a constitutional principle deriving from the common law. John Entick's house was searched and ransacked by Sherriff Carrington. Carrington argued that a warrant from a Government minister, the Earl of Halifax was valid authority, even though there was no statutory provision or court order for it. The court, led by Lord Camden stated that,\n\nThe common law and the civil law jurisdictions do not share the same constitutional law underpinnings. Common law nations, such as those in the Commonwealth as well as the United States, derive their legal systems from that of the United Kingdom, and as such place emphasis on judicial precedent, whereby consequential court rulings (especially those by higher courts) are a source of law. Civil law jurisdictions, on the other hand, place less emphasis on judicial review and only the parliament or legislature has the power to effect law. As a result, the structure of the judiciary differs significantly between the two, with common law judiciaries being adversarial and civil law judiciaries being inquisitorial. Common law judicatures consequently separate the judiciary from the prosecution, thereby establishing the courts as completely independent from both the legislature and law enforcement. Human rights law in these countries is as a result, largely built on legal precedent in the courts' interpretation of constitutional law, whereas that of civil law countries is almost exclusively composed of codified law, constitutional or otherwise.\n\nLegislative procedure\n\nAnother main function of constitutions may be to describe the procedure by which parliaments may legislate. For instance, special majorities may be required to alter the constitution. In bicameral legislatures, there may be a process laid out for second or third readings of bills before a new law can enter into force. Alternatively, there may further be requirements for maximum terms that a government can keep power before holding an election.\n\nStudy of constitutional law\n\nConstitutional law is a major focus of legal studies and research. For example, most law students in the United States are required to take a class in Constitutional Law during their first year, and several law journals are devoted to the discussion of constitutional issues.\n\nThe rule of law \nThe doctrine of the rule of law dictates that government must be conducted according to law. This was first established by British legal theorist A. V. Dicey.\n\nDicey identified three essential elements of the British Constitution which were indicative of the rule of law:\nAbsolute supremacy of regular law as opposed to the influence of arbitrary power;\nEquality before the law;\nThe Constitution is a result of the ordinary law of the land.\n\nDicey's rule of law formula consists of three classic tenets. The first is that the regular law is supreme over arbitrary and discretionary powers. \"[N]o man is punishable ... except for a distinct breach of the law established in the ordinary legal manner before the ordinary courts of the land.\"\n\nThe second is that all men are to stand equal in the eyes of the law. \"...no man is above the law...every man, whatever be his rank or condition, is subject to the ordinary law of the realm and amenable to the jurisdiction of the ordinary tribunals\" \n\nThe third is that the general ideas and principles that the constitution supports arise directly from the judgements and precedents issued by the judiciary. \"We may say that the constitution is pervaded by the rule of law on the ground that the general principles of the constitution... are with us the result of judicial decisions determining the rights of private persons in particular cases brought before the courts\"\n\nThe separation of powers\nSeparation of powers is often regarded as a second limb functioning alongside the rule of law to curb the powers of the government. In many modern nation states, power is divided and vested into three branches of government: The legislature, the executive, and the judiciary are known as the horizontal separation of powers. The first and the second are harmonised in traditional Westminster system. Vertical separation of powers is decentralisation.\n\nElection Law \nElection law is a subfield of constitutional law. It includes the rules governing the process of elections. These rules enable the translation of the will of the people into functioning democracies. Election law addresses issues who is entitled to vote, voter registration, ballot access, campaign finance and party funding, redistricting, apportionment, electronic voting and voting machines, accessibility of elections, election systems and formulas, vote counting, election disputes, referendums, and issues such as electoral fraud and electoral silence.\n\nSee also\n\nConstitutionalism\nConstitution\nConstitutional economics\nConstitutional rights\nPhilosophy of law\nPublic law\nRechtsstaat\nRule of law\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links",
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https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemia
|
Kemia (labda jina limetokana na neno la Kiarabu al-kemia) ni sayansi ya mata kwa kiwango cha atomi.
Kemia yahusu tabia ya elementi na viungo vya atomi, ni somo la kujua mabadiliko ya mata na uhusiano wa mata na mata ndogo tofauti, na pia huhusika wa nishati.
Kimsingi kemia ni somo la atomi na mkusanyo wa atomi kwa molekyuli, bilauri ama madini ambavyo vinajenga mata za kawaida. Kulingana na kemia ya kisasa ni ujenzi wa mata kwa kiwango cha atomi.
Utangulizi
Kemia wakati mwingine yasemekana kuwa somo la sayansi la kati, kwa sababu inaunganisha sayansi nyingine, kama vile fizikia, biolojia na jiologia.
Kemia ina matawi mengi yaliyo maalumu kwa masomo na watalaamu wa matawi hayo, mahususi wa kemia, kwa mfano waruhusu utengenezaji wa vitu vipya, uoteshaji au uendelezaji wa madawa ili kutibu magonjwa, na kutambua umekanika wa harakati za maisha.
Moja ya majawabu kwa kemia ni ati radhi imehusika. Kwa kemia radhi yaweza kuhusika na radhi nyingine, ama, ihusike radhi na harakati za nishati. Uhusiano ambao unajulikana zaidi ni uhusiano wa kiini ama viini na viini vingine kwa jawabu ya kemikali ambapo kiini kimoja au viini za penduliwa kwa ainanyingine. Hii yahusu mnururishi wa samaku (kama kwa nuru ya kemia) Ambapo jawabu ya kemikali ya tokea kwa sababu ya papo ya nuru. Jawabu za kemikali ni masomo mengine ya tawi ya kemia mbapo ya stadi radhi kwa mifano mingine. Kemikali ya Kispektroskopi kwa mfano wa stadi uhusiano wa nuru na radhi, bila jawabu lolote kutokea.
Wanasayansi ambao wanadumisha sayansi hii wanaitwa wanakemia. Kulingana nao radhi zote zina viungo vya atomi ama radhi ndogo zaidi zinazounda atomi. Atomi zaweza kuungana na kutoa radhi kubwa kama ioni, molekyuli ama bilauri.
Mjengo wa Dunia ambao tumeuzoea na mitambo ya radhi tumezoea zahakikishwa na jawabu ya viini vya kemikali na uhusiano wa jawabu hizi.
Chuma cha pua ni chuma ngumu kwa sababu atomi zake zimeshikana pamoja kwa mshono wa bilauri.
Mbao huchomeka kwa sababu ya jawabu pesi ya oksijeni kwa jawabu za kemikali kwa kiwango fulani cha joto.
Maji ni kiowevu kwa joto inayodumisha maisha kwa sababu, molekyuli za maji zasonga zaidi kuliko mango ya barafu, lakini kidogo kwa mvuke.
Binadamu au mnyama yeyote aweza kuona kwa sababu ya uhusiano wa nuru na molekyuli za unyama nyuma ya macho.
Kwa hili eneo kubwa la masomo, ni vigumu sana kuhekima kila stadi kwa kemia na kuhtasari stadi yote kwa jumla. Hata kwa wataalamu zaidi wa kemia, wengi ujuzi wao umetia maanani kwa stadi kadhaa walizotia maanani zaidi kwa masomo yao. Kemia ina matawi mengi sana, yanayoitwa tawi za kemia, ambazo wanakemia watia makini. Kemia ambao hufunzwa kwa shule ya upili na miaka ya kwanza ya chuo kikuu, yenyewe huitwa kemia ya msingi ambayo huwapa wanafunzi masomo ya kemia kwa msingi ili kuimarisha masomo pana ya kemia, kulingana na tawi lolote la kemia mwanafunzi atakayofuata. Kwa kemia ya msingi, stadi yenyewe haimalizii kwa utaalamu lakini wataalam wengi hutumia masomo haya ya msingi wa kemia kueleza kazi yao kwa sababu jibu lenyewe ni ngumu zaidi kueleza kwa ujuzi ama jibu lenyewe ni laghai.
Sayansi ya Kemia ni maendeleo ya kisasa kulingana na historia, lakini mizizi yake ni kutokana na alkemia ambayo ilikuwa desturi kwa milenia katika dunia nzima. Jina la kemia ni kutoka alkemia; lakini, etimologia ya alkemia haijavumbuka zaidi (ona alkemia).
Historia ya Kemia
Jina al-kemia yatoka katika Kiarabu al-kīmiyaˀ au al-khīmiyaˀ (الكيمياء or الخيمياء), kilichotanguliza al- kwa neno la Kigiriki χημεία, khemeia, ambalo linamaanisha "kuunganisha pamoja", "kumwaga pamoja", "kuchomelea", "aloi ya chuma", na kadhalika.
Msingi wa kemia waweza kutokana na kuchoma. Moto ulikuwa nguvu ambayo iligeuza vitu kutoka ain amoja hadi nyingine, na hiyo ndiyo iliyoleta shauku ya binadamu. Ni moto ulioleta ufumbuzi wa chuma na glass. Baada ya migodi kugunduliwa na kuwa madini ya mali, watu wengi walitamani kugundua njia ya kupindua madini mengine kuwa migodi.
Hii ilileta sayansi ya kujaribu ambayo iliitwa Alkemia. Wanaalkemia waligundua taratibu aina nyingi za kemikali ambazo zilileta maendeleo ya Kemia ya kisasa. Kemia kama vile twaijua leo iligunduliwa na Antoine Lavoisier ambaye alile sheria ya kuhifadhi uzito mwaka wa 1783.
Ugunduzi wa radhi za Kemikali ina historia ndefu ya uedelezaji wa jedwali iliopagwa kwa ufumbuzi wa Dmitri Mendeleev. Tuzo ya Nobel ya Kemia ilioanzwa mwaka wa 1901, ina historia jema kuhusu uvumbuzi wa kemia miaka 100 iliopita.
Utabiri wa Kemikali
Utabiri wa kemikali ni utabiri unaoweza kuelezwa na kemia na unahusu viungo na nishati. Utabiri wa kemikali unahusika na mapenduzi ya tabia ya viini panapotokea majawabu ya kemikali. Moto ni mojawapo ya utabiri uliowahi kushangaza zaidi. Wanakemia wao hujaribu kutabiri mambo yote kuhusu Tabiri za kemikali zinazojulikana, na kugundua tabiri ambazo hazijajulikana na kuziweka kwa kundi ya jedwali kulingana na tabia ya viini vya kemikali. Mfano, Viini ambavyo zaitikia jawabu ya oksijeni, ilikutoa majibu kwa aina ya viini vingine, husemekana kwamba zime oksijeniwa; hata hivyo kundi ya kemikali za kali ama alkali za weza jawabu na kutuliza athari, utabiri ambao wajulikana kama utulizaji wa athari za kemikali. Viini vinaweza kua pia dhoofu ama ziendelee kujiunda kutoka viini vingine kwa njia ya jawabu aina nyingi. Jawabu za kemikali zinahusika na mapenduzi au uhifadhi wa bidii, utabiri huu wasomwa kwa stadi ya kemia inayoitwa, Kemikali ya SiyaraJoto/ kemia ya athari-joto. Na pia, viini vingine hutoa nuru bila kuashwa moto, utabiri huu waitwa fosfati nuru.
Matawi ya Kemia
Kemia imegawiwa katika matawi makuu kadhaa. Kuna pia matawi mengine ya kitaalamu ambayo yanahusika na kemia.
Kemia ya Uchambuzi ni Uchambuzi wa vifaa, ili kuelewa Viini vya kemikali na ujenzi. Kemia ya Uchambuzi ya husu majaribio mbinu ilkanun za kemia. Hzi mbinu za weza kutumika kwa Kemia aina yeyote, lakini si kwa Kemia fasihi ya nadhari.
Biokemia ni stadi ya Kemikali, jawabu za kemikali na uhusiano unaofanyika kwa vitu vilivyo hai vijumba. Biokemia na kemia ya mahuluku zi karibu na Kemia ya madawa.
Kemia Si Mahuluku ni stadi ya tabia na jawabu za viungo vya kemikali mbazo siyo mahuluku. Tafauti ya kemia mahuluku na si mahuluku haijategwa zaidi makusudi, bado kuna mlinganisho hapa napale hasa kwa tawi ya Kemia ya mahuluku madini.
Kemia ya mahuluku ni stadi ya muundo, tabia, viungo, umekaniki, na jawabu ya Viungo vya mahuluki. hasa, ni stadi ya viini vinavyo radhi ya kaboni.
Kemia ya fizikia ni stadi ya asili ya kemikali, taratibu na mifumo ya kemikali. Bidii na siyara ya mifumo hii ya kemikali inavutia wana kemia ya fizikia. Eneo nyingine za stadi muhimu ni kama Kemikali ya siyarajoto, Kemikali ya mwendo wa bidii, kemia ya umeme, Umekaniki wa statistiki, na spektroskopi. Kemia ya fizikia inahusika sana na Fizikia ya molekyuli. Kemia ya fizikia inahusu matumizi ya hesabu za(kalikilasi) kwa kuonyesha milingano.
Kemia ya nadhari ni ustadi wa kemia kwa kutumia fikira (hasa kwa kutumia Hesabu ama fizikia), ina fafanua tabia ya shenga au zikiwa chenga. Hasa kwa matumizi ya umakanika kwanta na kwa kemia yaitwa kemia kwanta. Kutoka mwisho wa vita vya pili vya Dunia, uendelezaji wa compyuta umeruhusu mfumo wa uendelezaji wa Kemia ya uanga na compyuta, ambayo ni usanifu wa kutengeneza na kutumia miradi ya kompyuta ili kutatua hesabu za kemicali. Kemia ya nadhari ya husika zaidi na fizikia ya molekyuli.
Kemia ya Nuklia ni stadi ya vile viini vilivyo kwa atomi vinavyo jiunganisha pamoja na kujenga nuklia. Mageuzo ya radhi ni mambo ya kisasa na ni masomo makubwa ya kemia ya kinuklia, na jedwali la vinuklia ni matokeo muhimu na kifaa cha elimu hii.
Elimu nyingine za Kemia ni kama Kemia ya Sayari, Kemia ya Anga, Uhandisi wa Kemikali, Kemia ya maarifa, Kemia ya umeme, Kemia ya mazingira, jeo-kemia, Kemia ya kijani kibichi, Historia ya Kemia, Sayansi ya Vifaa, Kemia ya Dawa, Biolojia ya molekyuli, Molekyuli za Jenetika, Technologia ya nukta, Kemia ya mahulukulu madini, Petrokemia, Famakolojia, Photochemistry, Kemia ya bidii za nuru na kemikali, Kemia ya polima, Kemia ya molekyuli jitu, Kemia ya Wajihi, na Kemia ya athari-joto.
Kanuni za ujuzi
Mifumo ya Kemia
Mifumo ya kemia, ni taratibu zinazo husika kwa eneo hii kupea majina ya viungo vya kemikali. Kuna mifumo fumbuzi zaidi ya kupa majina kemikali zilizogudulika. Viungo mahuluku zapewa majina kulingana na mifumo ya mahuluku. viungo si mahuluku za pewa majina kulingana na mifumo ya si mahuluku.
Atomi
Atomi ni muungano wa radhi ambazo zimepata sitima ya kuunga kwa kiini (kwa nuklia ya atomi) ambayo ina protoni na niutroni, napia elektroni kadhaa ili kupima nguvu viini vilivyo na stima ya kuunga.
Kiini
Kiini ni atomi ambazo zina kiwango cha nambari za protoni na nuklia sawa. Hii nambari yaitwa namba ya atomi ya kiini. Kwa mfano, atomi zote zina 6 protoni kwa nuklia ni atomi za kiini cha kemikali caboni, na atomika zote zina 92 protoni kwa nuklia ni atomi za kiini cha urani.
Maonyesho mazuri ya nambari za viini za kemikali ni jedwali, ambayo huweka viini vya kemikali ambazo zina tabia sawa ya kemikali pamoja. Orodha ya viini kwa jina, kwa ishara na kwa nambari ya atomi, na pia kwa kuongezea kuna orodha ya aisotope.
Viungo
Kiungo ni kifaa kilicho na hakiba tosha ya viini vya kemikaliambazo za zaleta viungo, an mpango wa kujiunganisha ambao unaleta tabia fulani ya kemikali. Mfano, maji ni kiungo ambacho kina viini vya hidrojeni na oksijeni kwa uwiano wa mbili kwa moja, na oksijeni kati ya hidrojeni, na kwa pembe ya 104.5° kati. Viungo vi na tengenezwa na kubomolewa kwa Jawabu ya kemikali
Molekyuli
Molekyuli ni kiungo asili kidogo zaidi kwa Viungo au kiini, ambacho hakiwezi kugauika mara nyingi, na kia tabia za kemikali. Molekyuli hasa yaweza kuwa na atomi mbili ama zaidi, zinazo kujiunga kikaza pamoja.
Ioni
Ioni ni kifaa kilicho na stima, ama atomi ama molekyuli ambayo imepoteza au kuongeza elektroni. Iliyoongeza yaitwa kationi (kama natiri kationi Na+) na iliyopoteza elektroni yaitwa anioni (kama klorini Cl-) ambazo zaweza kutulizana kama chumvi kwa kemikali (ni natiri ya kloroni NaCl). Mfano wa ioni za poliatomi ambazo hazigawani wakati wa Jawabu za kali-alkali ni kama haidroksaidi (OH-), ama fosfeti (PO43-).
Kifaa
Kifaa cha kemikali yaweza kuwa ni Kiini, Kiungo ama mchanganyiko wa Kiungo, Viini ama Viungo na viini. Radhi nyingi twaziona kilasiku kwa maisha yetu na mchanganyiko mwingine nikama anga, aloi, na radhi za biolojia na zaidi ya vitu vingine nyingi.
Tazama pia
Orodha ya elementi
Mfumo radidia
Tuzo ya Nobel ya Kemia
Tanbihi
Marejeo
Marejeo mengine
Kwa umati
Atkins, P.W. Galileo's Finger (Oxford University Press) ISBN 0-19-860941-8
Atkins, P.W. Atkins' Molecules (Cambridge University Press) ISBN 0-521-82397-8
Kean, Sam. The Disappearing Spoon - and other true tales from the Periodic Table (Black Swan) London, 2010 ISBN 978-0-552-77750-6
Levi, Primo The Periodic Table (Penguin Books) [1975] translated from the Italian by Raymond Rosenthal (1984) ISBN 978-0-14-139944-7
Stwertka, A. A Guide to the Elements (Oxford University Press) ISBN 0-19-515027-9
Kwa wasomi wa wastani
Atkins, P.W., Overton, T., Rourke, J., Weller, M. and Armstrong, F. Shriver and Atkins inorganic chemistry (4th edition) 2006 (Oxford University Press) ISBN 0-19-926463-5
Chang, Raymond. Chemistry 6th ed. Boston: James M. Smith, 1998. ISBN 0-07-115221-0.
Voet and Voet Biochemistry (Wiley) ISBN 0-471-58651-X
Kwa wasomi wa juu
Atkins, P.W. Physical Chemistry (Oxford University Press) ISBN 0-19-879285-9
Atkins, P.W. et al. Molecular Quantum Mechanics (Oxford University Press)
McWeeny, R. Coulson's Valence (Oxford Science Publications) ISBN 0-19-855144-4
Pauling, L. The Nature of the chemical bond (Cornell University Press) ISBN 0-8014-0333-2
Pauling, L., and Wilson, E. B. Introduction to Quantum Mechanics with Applications to Chemistry (Dover Publications) ISBN 0-486-64871-0
Smart and Moore Solid State Chemistry: An Introduction (Chapman and Hall) ISBN 0-412-40040-5
Stephenson, G. Mathematical Methods for Science Students (Longman) ISBN 0-582-44416-0
Viungo vya nje
Jedwali la Elementi kwa Kiswahili kutoka Kamusi Hai : ndogo na kubwa
MIT mafunzo wazi | kemia
Wikidchem, hakiba ya kemia mbayo nibure
Chemical Glossary
Chemistry Information Database
Chemistry Forum
IUPAC Nomenclature Home Page, see especially the "Gold Book" containing definitions of standard chemical terms
Experiments videos and photos of the techniques and results
More experiments - lots of information about the elements too.
Material safety data sheets for a variety of chemicals
Material Safety Data Sheets
Sayansi
|
[
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"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
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"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemia",
"role": "user"
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"content": "Kemia (labda jina limetokana na neno la Kiarabu al-kemia) ni sayansi ya mata kwa kiwango cha atomi. \n\nKemia yahusu tabia ya elementi na viungo vya atomi, ni somo la kujua mabadiliko ya mata na uhusiano wa mata na mata ndogo tofauti, na pia huhusika wa nishati. \n\nKimsingi kemia ni somo la atomi na mkusanyo wa atomi kwa molekyuli, bilauri ama madini ambavyo vinajenga mata za kawaida. Kulingana na kemia ya kisasa ni ujenzi wa mata kwa kiwango cha atomi.\n\nUtangulizi \nKemia wakati mwingine yasemekana kuwa somo la sayansi la kati, kwa sababu inaunganisha sayansi nyingine, kama vile fizikia, biolojia na jiologia. \n\nKemia ina matawi mengi yaliyo maalumu kwa masomo na watalaamu wa matawi hayo, mahususi wa kemia, kwa mfano waruhusu utengenezaji wa vitu vipya, uoteshaji au uendelezaji wa madawa ili kutibu magonjwa, na kutambua umekanika wa harakati za maisha.\n\nMoja ya majawabu kwa kemia ni ati radhi imehusika. Kwa kemia radhi yaweza kuhusika na radhi nyingine, ama, ihusike radhi na harakati za nishati. Uhusiano ambao unajulikana zaidi ni uhusiano wa kiini ama viini na viini vingine kwa jawabu ya kemikali ambapo kiini kimoja au viini za penduliwa kwa ainanyingine. Hii yahusu mnururishi wa samaku (kama kwa nuru ya kemia) Ambapo jawabu ya kemikali ya tokea kwa sababu ya papo ya nuru. Jawabu za kemikali ni masomo mengine ya tawi ya kemia mbapo ya stadi radhi kwa mifano mingine. Kemikali ya Kispektroskopi kwa mfano wa stadi uhusiano wa nuru na radhi, bila jawabu lolote kutokea.\n\nWanasayansi ambao wanadumisha sayansi hii wanaitwa wanakemia. Kulingana nao radhi zote zina viungo vya atomi ama radhi ndogo zaidi zinazounda atomi. Atomi zaweza kuungana na kutoa radhi kubwa kama ioni, molekyuli ama bilauri. \n\nMjengo wa Dunia ambao tumeuzoea na mitambo ya radhi tumezoea zahakikishwa na jawabu ya viini vya kemikali na uhusiano wa jawabu hizi. \n\nChuma cha pua ni chuma ngumu kwa sababu atomi zake zimeshikana pamoja kwa mshono wa bilauri. \n\nMbao huchomeka kwa sababu ya jawabu pesi ya oksijeni kwa jawabu za kemikali kwa kiwango fulani cha joto. \n\nMaji ni kiowevu kwa joto inayodumisha maisha kwa sababu, molekyuli za maji zasonga zaidi kuliko mango ya barafu, lakini kidogo kwa mvuke. \n\nBinadamu au mnyama yeyote aweza kuona kwa sababu ya uhusiano wa nuru na molekyuli za unyama nyuma ya macho.\n\nKwa hili eneo kubwa la masomo, ni vigumu sana kuhekima kila stadi kwa kemia na kuhtasari stadi yote kwa jumla. Hata kwa wataalamu zaidi wa kemia, wengi ujuzi wao umetia maanani kwa stadi kadhaa walizotia maanani zaidi kwa masomo yao. Kemia ina matawi mengi sana, yanayoitwa tawi za kemia, ambazo wanakemia watia makini. Kemia ambao hufunzwa kwa shule ya upili na miaka ya kwanza ya chuo kikuu, yenyewe huitwa kemia ya msingi ambayo huwapa wanafunzi masomo ya kemia kwa msingi ili kuimarisha masomo pana ya kemia, kulingana na tawi lolote la kemia mwanafunzi atakayofuata. Kwa kemia ya msingi, stadi yenyewe haimalizii kwa utaalamu lakini wataalam wengi hutumia masomo haya ya msingi wa kemia kueleza kazi yao kwa sababu jibu lenyewe ni ngumu zaidi kueleza kwa ujuzi ama jibu lenyewe ni laghai.\n\nSayansi ya Kemia ni maendeleo ya kisasa kulingana na historia, lakini mizizi yake ni kutokana na alkemia ambayo ilikuwa desturi kwa milenia katika dunia nzima. Jina la kemia ni kutoka alkemia; lakini, etimologia ya alkemia haijavumbuka zaidi (ona alkemia).\n\nHistoria ya Kemia \nJina al-kemia yatoka katika Kiarabu al-kīmiyaˀ au al-khīmiyaˀ (الكيمياء or الخيمياء), kilichotanguliza al- kwa neno la Kigiriki χημεία, khemeia, ambalo linamaanisha \"kuunganisha pamoja\", \"kumwaga pamoja\", \"kuchomelea\", \"aloi ya chuma\", na kadhalika. \n\nMsingi wa kemia waweza kutokana na kuchoma. Moto ulikuwa nguvu ambayo iligeuza vitu kutoka ain amoja hadi nyingine, na hiyo ndiyo iliyoleta shauku ya binadamu. Ni moto ulioleta ufumbuzi wa chuma na glass. Baada ya migodi kugunduliwa na kuwa madini ya mali, watu wengi walitamani kugundua njia ya kupindua madini mengine kuwa migodi. \n\nHii ilileta sayansi ya kujaribu ambayo iliitwa Alkemia. Wanaalkemia waligundua taratibu aina nyingi za kemikali ambazo zilileta maendeleo ya Kemia ya kisasa. Kemia kama vile twaijua leo iligunduliwa na Antoine Lavoisier ambaye alile sheria ya kuhifadhi uzito mwaka wa 1783. \n\nUgunduzi wa radhi za Kemikali ina historia ndefu ya uedelezaji wa jedwali iliopagwa kwa ufumbuzi wa Dmitri Mendeleev. Tuzo ya Nobel ya Kemia ilioanzwa mwaka wa 1901, ina historia jema kuhusu uvumbuzi wa kemia miaka 100 iliopita.\n\nUtabiri wa Kemikali \nUtabiri wa kemikali ni utabiri unaoweza kuelezwa na kemia na unahusu viungo na nishati. Utabiri wa kemikali unahusika na mapenduzi ya tabia ya viini panapotokea majawabu ya kemikali. Moto ni mojawapo ya utabiri uliowahi kushangaza zaidi. Wanakemia wao hujaribu kutabiri mambo yote kuhusu Tabiri za kemikali zinazojulikana, na kugundua tabiri ambazo hazijajulikana na kuziweka kwa kundi ya jedwali kulingana na tabia ya viini vya kemikali. Mfano, Viini ambavyo zaitikia jawabu ya oksijeni, ilikutoa majibu kwa aina ya viini vingine, husemekana kwamba zime oksijeniwa; hata hivyo kundi ya kemikali za kali ama alkali za weza jawabu na kutuliza athari, utabiri ambao wajulikana kama utulizaji wa athari za kemikali. Viini vinaweza kua pia dhoofu ama ziendelee kujiunda kutoka viini vingine kwa njia ya jawabu aina nyingi. Jawabu za kemikali zinahusika na mapenduzi au uhifadhi wa bidii, utabiri huu wasomwa kwa stadi ya kemia inayoitwa, Kemikali ya SiyaraJoto/ kemia ya athari-joto. Na pia, viini vingine hutoa nuru bila kuashwa moto, utabiri huu waitwa fosfati nuru.\n\nMatawi ya Kemia \n\nKemia imegawiwa katika matawi makuu kadhaa. Kuna pia matawi mengine ya kitaalamu ambayo yanahusika na kemia.\n\n Kemia ya Uchambuzi ni Uchambuzi wa vifaa, ili kuelewa Viini vya kemikali na ujenzi. Kemia ya Uchambuzi ya husu majaribio mbinu ilkanun za kemia. Hzi mbinu za weza kutumika kwa Kemia aina yeyote, lakini si kwa Kemia fasihi ya nadhari.\n\n Biokemia ni stadi ya Kemikali, jawabu za kemikali na uhusiano unaofanyika kwa vitu vilivyo hai vijumba. Biokemia na kemia ya mahuluku zi karibu na Kemia ya madawa. \n\n Kemia Si Mahuluku ni stadi ya tabia na jawabu za viungo vya kemikali mbazo siyo mahuluku. Tafauti ya kemia mahuluku na si mahuluku haijategwa zaidi makusudi, bado kuna mlinganisho hapa napale hasa kwa tawi ya Kemia ya mahuluku madini.\n\n Kemia ya mahuluku ni stadi ya muundo, tabia, viungo, umekaniki, na jawabu ya Viungo vya mahuluki. hasa, ni stadi ya viini vinavyo radhi ya kaboni.\n\n Kemia ya fizikia ni stadi ya asili ya kemikali, taratibu na mifumo ya kemikali. Bidii na siyara ya mifumo hii ya kemikali inavutia wana kemia ya fizikia. Eneo nyingine za stadi muhimu ni kama Kemikali ya siyarajoto, Kemikali ya mwendo wa bidii, kemia ya umeme, Umekaniki wa statistiki, na spektroskopi. Kemia ya fizikia inahusika sana na Fizikia ya molekyuli. Kemia ya fizikia inahusu matumizi ya hesabu za(kalikilasi) kwa kuonyesha milingano.\n\n Kemia ya nadhari ni ustadi wa kemia kwa kutumia fikira (hasa kwa kutumia Hesabu ama fizikia), ina fafanua tabia ya shenga au zikiwa chenga. Hasa kwa matumizi ya umakanika kwanta na kwa kemia yaitwa kemia kwanta. Kutoka mwisho wa vita vya pili vya Dunia, uendelezaji wa compyuta umeruhusu mfumo wa uendelezaji wa Kemia ya uanga na compyuta, ambayo ni usanifu wa kutengeneza na kutumia miradi ya kompyuta ili kutatua hesabu za kemicali. Kemia ya nadhari ya husika zaidi na fizikia ya molekyuli.\n\n Kemia ya Nuklia ni stadi ya vile viini vilivyo kwa atomi vinavyo jiunganisha pamoja na kujenga nuklia. Mageuzo ya radhi ni mambo ya kisasa na ni masomo makubwa ya kemia ya kinuklia, na jedwali la vinuklia ni matokeo muhimu na kifaa cha elimu hii.\n\nElimu nyingine za Kemia ni kama Kemia ya Sayari, Kemia ya Anga, Uhandisi wa Kemikali, Kemia ya maarifa, Kemia ya umeme, Kemia ya mazingira, jeo-kemia, Kemia ya kijani kibichi, Historia ya Kemia, Sayansi ya Vifaa, Kemia ya Dawa, Biolojia ya molekyuli, Molekyuli za Jenetika, Technologia ya nukta, Kemia ya mahulukulu madini, Petrokemia, Famakolojia, Photochemistry, Kemia ya bidii za nuru na kemikali, Kemia ya polima, Kemia ya molekyuli jitu, Kemia ya Wajihi, na Kemia ya athari-joto.\n\nKanuni za ujuzi\n\nMifumo ya Kemia \nMifumo ya kemia, ni taratibu zinazo husika kwa eneo hii kupea majina ya viungo vya kemikali. Kuna mifumo fumbuzi zaidi ya kupa majina kemikali zilizogudulika. Viungo mahuluku zapewa majina kulingana na mifumo ya mahuluku. viungo si mahuluku za pewa majina kulingana na mifumo ya si mahuluku.\n\nAtomi \nAtomi ni muungano wa radhi ambazo zimepata sitima ya kuunga kwa kiini (kwa nuklia ya atomi) ambayo ina protoni na niutroni, napia elektroni kadhaa ili kupima nguvu viini vilivyo na stima ya kuunga.\n\nKiini \nKiini ni atomi ambazo zina kiwango cha nambari za protoni na nuklia sawa. Hii nambari yaitwa namba ya atomi ya kiini. Kwa mfano, atomi zote zina 6 protoni kwa nuklia ni atomi za kiini cha kemikali caboni, na atomika zote zina 92 protoni kwa nuklia ni atomi za kiini cha urani.\n\nMaonyesho mazuri ya nambari za viini za kemikali ni jedwali, ambayo huweka viini vya kemikali ambazo zina tabia sawa ya kemikali pamoja. Orodha ya viini kwa jina, kwa ishara na kwa nambari ya atomi, na pia kwa kuongezea kuna orodha ya aisotope.\n\nViungo \nKiungo ni kifaa kilicho na hakiba tosha ya viini vya kemikaliambazo za zaleta viungo, an mpango wa kujiunganisha ambao unaleta tabia fulani ya kemikali. Mfano, maji ni kiungo ambacho kina viini vya hidrojeni na oksijeni kwa uwiano wa mbili kwa moja, na oksijeni kati ya hidrojeni, na kwa pembe ya 104.5° kati. Viungo vi na tengenezwa na kubomolewa kwa Jawabu ya kemikali\n\nMolekyuli \nMolekyuli ni kiungo asili kidogo zaidi kwa Viungo au kiini, ambacho hakiwezi kugauika mara nyingi, na kia tabia za kemikali. Molekyuli hasa yaweza kuwa na atomi mbili ama zaidi, zinazo kujiunga kikaza pamoja.\n\nIoni \nIoni ni kifaa kilicho na stima, ama atomi ama molekyuli ambayo imepoteza au kuongeza elektroni. Iliyoongeza yaitwa kationi (kama natiri kationi Na+) na iliyopoteza elektroni yaitwa anioni (kama klorini Cl-) ambazo zaweza kutulizana kama chumvi kwa kemikali (ni natiri ya kloroni NaCl). Mfano wa ioni za poliatomi ambazo hazigawani wakati wa Jawabu za kali-alkali ni kama haidroksaidi (OH-), ama fosfeti (PO43-).\n\nKifaa \nKifaa cha kemikali yaweza kuwa ni Kiini, Kiungo ama mchanganyiko wa Kiungo, Viini ama Viungo na viini. Radhi nyingi twaziona kilasiku kwa maisha yetu na mchanganyiko mwingine nikama anga, aloi, na radhi za biolojia na zaidi ya vitu vingine nyingi.\n\nTazama pia \n Orodha ya elementi\n Mfumo radidia\n Tuzo ya Nobel ya Kemia\n\nTanbihi\n\nMarejeo\n\nMarejeo mengine\nKwa umati\n Atkins, P.W. Galileo's Finger (Oxford University Press) ISBN 0-19-860941-8\n Atkins, P.W. Atkins' Molecules (Cambridge University Press) ISBN 0-521-82397-8\n Kean, Sam. The Disappearing Spoon - and other true tales from the Periodic Table (Black Swan) London, 2010 ISBN 978-0-552-77750-6\n Levi, Primo The Periodic Table (Penguin Books) [1975] translated from the Italian by Raymond Rosenthal (1984) ISBN 978-0-14-139944-7\n Stwertka, A. A Guide to the Elements (Oxford University Press) ISBN 0-19-515027-9\n \n\nKwa wasomi wa wastani\n Atkins, P.W., Overton, T., Rourke, J., Weller, M. and Armstrong, F. Shriver and Atkins inorganic chemistry (4th edition) 2006 (Oxford University Press) ISBN 0-19-926463-5\n Chang, Raymond. Chemistry 6th ed. Boston: James M. Smith, 1998. ISBN 0-07-115221-0.\n \n Voet and Voet Biochemistry (Wiley) ISBN 0-471-58651-X\n\nKwa wasomi wa juu\n Atkins, P.W. Physical Chemistry (Oxford University Press) ISBN 0-19-879285-9\n Atkins, P.W. et al. Molecular Quantum Mechanics (Oxford University Press)\n McWeeny, R. Coulson's Valence (Oxford Science Publications) ISBN 0-19-855144-4\n Pauling, L. The Nature of the chemical bond (Cornell University Press) ISBN 0-8014-0333-2\n Pauling, L., and Wilson, E. B. Introduction to Quantum Mechanics with Applications to Chemistry (Dover Publications) ISBN 0-486-64871-0\n Smart and Moore Solid State Chemistry: An Introduction (Chapman and Hall) ISBN 0-412-40040-5\n Stephenson, G. Mathematical Methods for Science Students (Longman) ISBN 0-582-44416-0\n\nViungo vya nje \n\n Jedwali la Elementi kwa Kiswahili kutoka Kamusi Hai : ndogo na kubwa \n MIT mafunzo wazi | kemia \n Wikidchem, hakiba ya kemia mbayo nibure \n Chemical Glossary\n Chemistry Information Database\n Chemistry Forum\n IUPAC Nomenclature Home Page, see especially the \"Gold Book\" containing definitions of standard chemical terms\n Experiments videos and photos of the techniques and results\n More experiments - lots of information about the elements too.\n Material safety data sheets for a variety of chemicals \n Material Safety Data Sheets\n\nSayansi",
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] |
Adama Traoré I
|
Adama Traoré (alizaliwa 5 Juni 1995) ni mchezaji wa soka nchini Mali ambaye anachezea Ligue 1 nchini Ufaransa klabu Metz na timu ya taifa ya Mali kama winga.
Kazi ya klabu
Metz
Mnamo 20 Agosti 2018, baada ya kazi ya kufanikiwa katika klab ya Mazembe, Traoré alijiunga na klabu ya FC Metz kwenye mkataba wa miaka minne.
Tarehe 17 Septemba 2018, Traoré alicheza kwa mara ya kwanza mechi ya ligi akiwa na klabu ya Metz, akiingia kama mbadala dakika ya 87 akitoka Opa Nguette katika mechi ambao walipata ushindi wa 3-1 dhidi ya Béziers.Mnamo Januari 2019, alikopwa Orléans hadi mwisho wa msimu.
Kazi ya kimataifa
Traoré alikuwa sehemu ya timu ya taifa ya mali ya chini ya miaka 20 walioshiriki Kombe la Dunia la FIFA U-20 nchini Uturuki.
Alicheza mechi 1 tu ambapo aliingia katika dakika ya 46 akitoka Tiécoro Keita, katika ushindi wa 4-1 dhidi ya timu ya taifa ya Mexico.
waliozaliwa 1995
watu walio hai
wachezaji mpira wa Mali
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Adama Traoré I",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Adama Traoré (alizaliwa 5 Juni 1995) ni mchezaji wa soka nchini Mali ambaye anachezea Ligue 1 nchini Ufaransa klabu Metz na timu ya taifa ya Mali kama winga.\n\nKazi ya klabu\n\nMetz\nMnamo 20 Agosti 2018, baada ya kazi ya kufanikiwa katika klab ya Mazembe, Traoré alijiunga na klabu ya FC Metz kwenye mkataba wa miaka minne.\n\nTarehe 17 Septemba 2018, Traoré alicheza kwa mara ya kwanza mechi ya ligi akiwa na klabu ya Metz, akiingia kama mbadala dakika ya 87 akitoka Opa Nguette katika mechi ambao walipata ushindi wa 3-1 dhidi ya Béziers.Mnamo Januari 2019, alikopwa Orléans hadi mwisho wa msimu.\n\nKazi ya kimataifa\nTraoré alikuwa sehemu ya timu ya taifa ya mali ya chini ya miaka 20 walioshiriki Kombe la Dunia la FIFA U-20 nchini Uturuki.\nAlicheza mechi 1 tu ambapo aliingia katika dakika ya 46 akitoka Tiécoro Keita, katika ushindi wa 4-1 dhidi ya timu ya taifa ya Mexico.\n\nwaliozaliwa 1995\nwatu walio hai\nwachezaji mpira wa Mali",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
Weekend warrior
|
A weekend warrior is someone who engages in sports or outdoor pursuits at the weekend.
Weekend warrior may also refer to:
Music
Weekend Warrior (album), an album by Biz Markie in 2003
Weekend Warriors (album), an album by Ted Nugent in 1978
"Weekend Warrior", a song by Iron Maiden from Fear of the Dark in 1992
"Weekend Warrior", a song by Ministry from Relapse in 2012
"Weekend Warriors", a song by Uriah Heep from Head First in 1983
"Weekend Warriors", a song by A Change Of Pace from Prepare the Masses in 2006
Other media
Weekend Warrior, a computer game developed by Pangea Software
Weekend Warriors (film), a 1986 comedy
"Weekend Warriors", an episode of the TV series Psych
Weekend Warriors, a program broadcase by HGTV Canada
Weekend Warriors MMA, a mobile game developed by MDickie
Other uses
A nickname for the visitors of the Defqon.1 Festival
See also
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Weekend warrior",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "A weekend warrior is someone who engages in sports or outdoor pursuits at the weekend.\n\nWeekend warrior may also refer to:\n\nMusic\nWeekend Warrior (album), an album by Biz Markie in 2003\nWeekend Warriors (album), an album by Ted Nugent in 1978\n\"Weekend Warrior\", a song by Iron Maiden from Fear of the Dark in 1992\n\"Weekend Warrior\", a song by Ministry from Relapse in 2012\n\"Weekend Warriors\", a song by Uriah Heep from Head First in 1983\n\"Weekend Warriors\", a song by A Change Of Pace from Prepare the Masses in 2006\n\nOther media\nWeekend Warrior, a computer game developed by Pangea Software\nWeekend Warriors (film), a 1986 comedy\n\"Weekend Warriors\", an episode of the TV series Psych\nWeekend Warriors, a program broadcase by HGTV Canada\nWeekend Warriors MMA, a mobile game developed by MDickie\n\nOther uses\nA nickname for the visitors of the Defqon.1 Festival\n\nSee also",
"role": "assistant"
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxy%203C
|
Galaxy 3C (or Galaxy 13) is a communications satellite operated by PanAmSat from 2000 to 2006, and by Intelsat from 2006 to today. It spent most of its operational life at an orbital location of 95° W. Galaxy 3C was launched on June 15, 2002, with a Зенит 3SL Zenit launch vehicle, from 154°w, 00°s, and covered North America & S. America (optional) with twenty-four transponders each on the C- and sixteen in Ku band.
References
External links
Satellites using the BSS-702 bus
Spacecraft launched in 2002
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxy%203C",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Galaxy 3C (or Galaxy 13) is a communications satellite operated by PanAmSat from 2000 to 2006, and by Intelsat from 2006 to today. It spent most of its operational life at an orbital location of 95° W. Galaxy 3C was launched on June 15, 2002, with a Зенит 3SL Zenit launch vehicle, from 154°w, 00°s, and covered North America & S. America (optional) with twenty-four transponders each on the C- and sixteen in Ku band.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \n \n\nSatellites using the BSS-702 bus\nSpacecraft launched in 2002",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziwa%20Haubi
|
Ziwa Haubi ni kati ya maziwa madogo ya Tanzania.
Linapatikana katika mkoa wa Dodoma.
Tazama pia
Orodha ya maziwa ya Tanzania
Tanbihi
Viungo vya nje
Geonames.org
Mkoa wa Dodoma
Maziwa ya Tanzania
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziwa%20Haubi",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Ziwa Haubi ni kati ya maziwa madogo ya Tanzania.\n\nLinapatikana katika mkoa wa Dodoma.\n\nTazama pia\nOrodha ya maziwa ya Tanzania\n\nTanbihi\n\nViungo vya nje\n Geonames.org\n\nMkoa wa Dodoma\nMaziwa ya Tanzania",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frutuosi%2C%20Auguri%20na%20Euloji
|
(walifariki 259) walikuwa Wakristo wa Tarragona, Hispania, waliofia dini yao kwa kuchomwa moto katika uwanja wa michezo wakati wa dhuluma ya kaisari Valerian na Galieni.
Wa kwanza alikuwa askofu wa mji huo, wengine mashemasi wake.
Habari za kifodini chao ziliwahi kuandikwa. Ni kwamba baada ya kuungama imani yao mbele ya liwali, walipelekwa kwenye uwanja wa michezo. Huko askofu kwa sauti kubwa aliongoza waumini waliokuwepo kuiombea amani ya Kanisa, halafu wakatupwa motoni wakafa wakisali wamepiga magoti., na ni za kwanza nchini Hispania.
Tangu kale wote wanaheshimiwa na Kanisa Katoliki na Kanisa la Kiorthodoksi kama watakatifu wafiadini.
Sikukuu yao ni tarehe 21 Januari.
Tazama pia
Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale
Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo
Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika
Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko
Tanbihi
Marejeo
Attwater, Donald, and Catherine Rachel John. The Penguin Dictionary of Saints. 3rd edition. New York: Penguin Books, 1993. ISBN|0-14-051312-4.
Viungo vya nje
Catholic Encyclopedia: St. Fructuosus
Saint of the Day, January 21
Henry Wace, A Dictionary of Christian Biography and Literature: "Fructuosus"
"Sts. Fructuosus, Augurius and Eulogius – A Bishop and His Two Deacons, Martyrs": excerpts of Prudentius' hymn
Butler's Lives of the Saints: St. Fructuosus, Bishop of Tarragona, Martyr, pg. 137
Waliofariki 259
Maaskofu Wakatoliki
Mashemasi
Wafiadini Wakristo
Watakatifu wa Hispania
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frutuosi%2C%20Auguri%20na%20Euloji",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "(walifariki 259) walikuwa Wakristo wa Tarragona, Hispania, waliofia dini yao kwa kuchomwa moto katika uwanja wa michezo wakati wa dhuluma ya kaisari Valerian na Galieni.\n\nWa kwanza alikuwa askofu wa mji huo, wengine mashemasi wake.\n\nHabari za kifodini chao ziliwahi kuandikwa. Ni kwamba baada ya kuungama imani yao mbele ya liwali, walipelekwa kwenye uwanja wa michezo. Huko askofu kwa sauti kubwa aliongoza waumini waliokuwepo kuiombea amani ya Kanisa, halafu wakatupwa motoni wakafa wakisali wamepiga magoti., na ni za kwanza nchini Hispania.\n\nTangu kale wote wanaheshimiwa na Kanisa Katoliki na Kanisa la Kiorthodoksi kama watakatifu wafiadini.\n\nSikukuu yao ni tarehe 21 Januari.\n\nTazama pia\nWatakatifu wa Agano la Kale\nOrodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo\nOrodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika\nOrodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko\n\nTanbihi\n\nMarejeo\nAttwater, Donald, and Catherine Rachel John. The Penguin Dictionary of Saints. 3rd edition. New York: Penguin Books, 1993. ISBN|0-14-051312-4.\n\nViungo vya nje\n Catholic Encyclopedia: St. Fructuosus\nSaint of the Day, January 21\nHenry Wace, A Dictionary of Christian Biography and Literature: \"Fructuosus\" \n\"Sts. Fructuosus, Augurius and Eulogius – A Bishop and His Two Deacons, Martyrs\": excerpts of Prudentius' hymn\nButler's Lives of the Saints: St. Fructuosus, Bishop of Tarragona, Martyr, pg. 137\n\nWaliofariki 259\nMaaskofu Wakatoliki\nMashemasi\nWafiadini Wakristo\nWatakatifu wa Hispania",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
Carji Greeves Medal
|
The Carji Greeves Medal is a name given in recent decades to an Australian rules football award given to the player(s) adjudged best and fairest for the Geelong Football Club for the season.
The voting system has changed a number of times. For the 2017 AFL season, the voting panel consisted of the senior coach, director of coaching and the assistant coaches rating each player out of 15 after every game. The combined votes are averaged to give a final score for that game. To ensure players are not disadvantaged by injury, only a player's highest-scoring 21 games counted.
For the 2022 AFL season, after each game, the senior and assistant coaches reviewed and rated each players performance out of 10. Votes were polled in games where a players performance had been deemed of a high quality by the coaching group, and unlike previous seasons all matches counted towards their final total.
Edward 'Carji' Greeves was a champion Geelong footballer who won the inaugural Brownlow Medal in 1924, awarded to person deemed the best and fairest player in the Victorian Football League.
Recipients
Multiple winners
Notes
The Geelong Football Club did not participate in the 1916 VFL season because of World War I.
The award was known at the time as the Theo Lewis Cup.
The Geelong Football Club did not participate in the 1942 and 1943 VFL seasons because of World War II.
References
General
Specific
External links
Official AFL Website of the Geelong Cats
Australian Football League awards
Lists of Geelong Football Club players
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Carji Greeves Medal",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The Carji Greeves Medal is a name given in recent decades to an Australian rules football award given to the player(s) adjudged best and fairest for the Geelong Football Club for the season. \n\nThe voting system has changed a number of times. For the 2017 AFL season, the voting panel consisted of the senior coach, director of coaching and the assistant coaches rating each player out of 15 after every game. The combined votes are averaged to give a final score for that game. To ensure players are not disadvantaged by injury, only a player's highest-scoring 21 games counted.\n\nFor the 2022 AFL season, after each game, the senior and assistant coaches reviewed and rated each players performance out of 10. Votes were polled in games where a players performance had been deemed of a high quality by the coaching group, and unlike previous seasons all matches counted towards their final total.\n\nEdward 'Carji' Greeves was a champion Geelong footballer who won the inaugural Brownlow Medal in 1924, awarded to person deemed the best and fairest player in the Victorian Football League.\n\nRecipients\n\nMultiple winners\n\nNotes\n\n The Geelong Football Club did not participate in the 1916 VFL season because of World War I.\n The award was known at the time as the Theo Lewis Cup.\n The Geelong Football Club did not participate in the 1942 and 1943 VFL seasons because of World War II.\n\nReferences\nGeneral\n\nSpecific\n\nExternal links\nOfficial AFL Website of the Geelong Cats\n\n \nAustralian Football League awards\nLists of Geelong Football Club players",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pichincha
|
ni mlima wa Andes katika nchi ya Ekwador (Amerika Kusini).
Urefu wake ni mita 4,776 juu ya usawa wa bahari.
Tazama pia
Orodha ya milima
Orodha ya milima ya Andes
Milima ya Ekwador
Milima ya Amerika Kusini
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pichincha",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "ni mlima wa Andes katika nchi ya Ekwador (Amerika Kusini).\n\nUrefu wake ni mita 4,776 juu ya usawa wa bahari.\n\nTazama pia\n Orodha ya milima\n Orodha ya milima ya Andes\n\nMilima ya Ekwador\nMilima ya Amerika Kusini",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andronicus%20of%20Cyrrhus
|
Andronicus of Cyrrhus or Andronicus Cyrrhestes (Latin; , Andrónikos Kyrrhēstēs; ) was a Hellenized Macedonian astronomer best known for designing the Tower of the Winds in Roman Athens.
Life
Little is known about the life of Andronicus, although his father is recorded as Hermias. It is usually assumed that he came from the Cyrrhus in Macedonia rather than the one in Syria.
Work
Andronicus is usually credited with the construction of the Tower of the Winds in the Roman forum at Athens around a considerable portion of which still exists. It is octagonal, with figures of the eight principal winds (Anemoi) carved on the appropriate side. Originally, a bronze figure of Triton was placed on the summit that was turned round by the wind so that the rod in his hand pointed to the correct wind direction, an idea replicated with subsequent wind vanes. The interior housed a large clepsydra and the exterior housed multiple sundials so that it functioned as a kind of early clocktower.
He also built a multifaced sundial for the Temple of Poseidon on the island of Tinos.
References
Citations
Bibliography
.
External links
Tenos island - Epigraphical Database - IG XII,5 891
Ancient Greek astronomers
Ancient Macedonian scientists
Ancient Macedonians in Athens
Roman-era Macedonians
2nd-century BC births
1st-century BC deaths
Year of birth unknown
Year of death unknown
2nd-century BC astronomers
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andronicus%20of%20Cyrrhus",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Andronicus of Cyrrhus or Andronicus Cyrrhestes (Latin; , Andrónikos Kyrrhēstēs; ) was a Hellenized Macedonian astronomer best known for designing the Tower of the Winds in Roman Athens.\n\nLife\nLittle is known about the life of Andronicus, although his father is recorded as Hermias. It is usually assumed that he came from the Cyrrhus in Macedonia rather than the one in Syria.\n\nWork\nAndronicus is usually credited with the construction of the Tower of the Winds in the Roman forum at Athens around a considerable portion of which still exists. It is octagonal, with figures of the eight principal winds (Anemoi) carved on the appropriate side. Originally, a bronze figure of Triton was placed on the summit that was turned round by the wind so that the rod in his hand pointed to the correct wind direction, an idea replicated with subsequent wind vanes. The interior housed a large clepsydra and the exterior housed multiple sundials so that it functioned as a kind of early clocktower.\n\nHe also built a multifaced sundial for the Temple of Poseidon on the island of Tinos.\n\nReferences\n\nCitations\n\nBibliography\n \n .\n\nExternal links\nTenos island - Epigraphical Database - IG XII,5 891\n\nAncient Greek astronomers\nAncient Macedonian scientists\nAncient Macedonians in Athens\nRoman-era Macedonians\n2nd-century BC births\n1st-century BC deaths\nYear of birth unknown\nYear of death unknown\n2nd-century BC astronomers",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
Rogerson, Idaho
|
Rogerson is an unincorporated community in Twin Falls County, Idaho, United States. It is located approximately 18 miles (30 kilometers) north of the Nevada border on U.S. Route 93, about seven miles east of Salmon Falls Dam. Rogerson had a post office 1910-1961.
Rogerson is part of the Twin Falls, Idaho Metropolitan Statistical Area.
See also
References
External links
Unincorporated communities in Idaho
Unincorporated communities in Twin Falls County, Idaho
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Rogerson, Idaho",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Rogerson is an unincorporated community in Twin Falls County, Idaho, United States. It is located approximately 18 miles (30 kilometers) north of the Nevada border on U.S. Route 93, about seven miles east of Salmon Falls Dam. Rogerson had a post office 1910-1961.\n\nRogerson is part of the Twin Falls, Idaho Metropolitan Statistical Area.\n\nSee also\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\nUnincorporated communities in Idaho\nUnincorporated communities in Twin Falls County, Idaho",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
Mafizi
|
Mafizi ni kata ya Wilaya ya Kisarawe katika Mkoa wa Pwani, Tanzania yenye postikodi namba 61409 . Wakati wa sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao 6,546 walioishi humo.
Marejeo
Wilaya ya Kisarawe
Kata za Mkoa wa Pwani
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Mafizi",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Mafizi ni kata ya Wilaya ya Kisarawe katika Mkoa wa Pwani, Tanzania yenye postikodi namba 61409 . Wakati wa sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao 6,546 walioishi humo.\n\nMarejeo\n \n \n \nWilaya ya Kisarawe \nKata za Mkoa wa Pwani",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henchir-El-Hatba
|
Henchir-El-Hatba ni kijiji na maeneo ya akiolojia huko Tunisia. Ilikuwa dayosisi ya Kanisa Katoliki.
Marejeo
Africa Wiki Challenge 2021 in Tanzania
Maeneo ya kiakiolojia Tunisia
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henchir-El-Hatba",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Henchir-El-Hatba ni kijiji na maeneo ya akiolojia huko Tunisia. Ilikuwa dayosisi ya Kanisa Katoliki.\n\nMarejeo\n\nAfrica Wiki Challenge 2021 in Tanzania \nMaeneo ya kiakiolojia Tunisia",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
Roberto Torres
|
Roberto Torres (alizaliwa 6 Aprili 1972) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa mpira wa miguu wa Paraguay. Aliwahi kucheza timu ya taifa ya Paraguay.
Torres ameichezea timu ya taifa ya Paraguay tangu mwaka wa 1996. Torres alicheza Paraguay katika mechi 1.
Takwimu
Tanbihi
Wachezaji mpira wa Paraguay
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Roberto Torres",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Roberto Torres (alizaliwa 6 Aprili 1972) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa mpira wa miguu wa Paraguay. Aliwahi kucheza timu ya taifa ya Paraguay.\n\nTorres ameichezea timu ya taifa ya Paraguay tangu mwaka wa 1996. Torres alicheza Paraguay katika mechi 1.\n\nTakwimu\n\nTanbihi\n\nWachezaji mpira wa Paraguay",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
Mto Ruhendano
|
ni korongo linalopatikana nchini Burundi (mkoa wa Cankuzo).
Maji yake huelekea Ziwa Tanganyika, Mto Kongo na hatimaye bahari ya Atlantiki.
Tazama pia
Orodha ya mito ya mkoa wa Cankuzo
Orodha ya mito ya Burundi
Mito mirefu ya Afrika
Tanbihi
Viungo vya nje
Geonames.org
R
R
Ziwa Tanganyika
Mto Kongo
Atlantiki
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Mto Ruhendano",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "ni korongo linalopatikana nchini Burundi (mkoa wa Cankuzo).\n\nMaji yake huelekea Ziwa Tanganyika, Mto Kongo na hatimaye bahari ya Atlantiki.\n\nTazama pia\n Orodha ya mito ya mkoa wa Cankuzo\n Orodha ya mito ya Burundi\n Mito mirefu ya Afrika\n\nTanbihi\n\nViungo vya nje\n Geonames.org\n\nR\nR\nZiwa Tanganyika\nMto Kongo\nAtlantiki",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mushroom%20Corner%2C%20Washington
|
Mushroom Corner is an unincorporated community in Thurston County, Washington, United States. Mushroom Corner is located in the urban growth area of Lacey, along Interstate 5 outside of Olympia, and is included in the Tanglewilde-Thompson Place Census-designated place (CDP) for Census purposes. The "corner" in Mushroom Corner is located at the intersection of Steilacoom Road SE and Marvin Road SE.
The community took takes its name from the local mushroom crop; the Ostrom Mushroom Farm operates nearby.
References
Unincorporated communities in Thurston County, Washington
Unincorporated communities in Washington (state)
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mushroom%20Corner%2C%20Washington",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Mushroom Corner is an unincorporated community in Thurston County, Washington, United States. Mushroom Corner is located in the urban growth area of Lacey, along Interstate 5 outside of Olympia, and is included in the Tanglewilde-Thompson Place Census-designated place (CDP) for Census purposes. The \"corner\" in Mushroom Corner is located at the intersection of Steilacoom Road SE and Marvin Road SE.\n\nThe community took takes its name from the local mushroom crop; the Ostrom Mushroom Farm operates nearby.\n\nReferences\n\nUnincorporated communities in Thurston County, Washington\nUnincorporated communities in Washington (state)",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
Elfu moja na ishirini na mbili
|
Elfu moja na ishirini na mbili ni namba inayoandikwa 1022 kwa tarakimu za kawaida na MXXII kwa zile za Kirumi.
Ni namba asilia inayofuata 1021 na kutangulia 1023.
Vigawo vyake vya namba tasa ni: 2 x 7 x 73.
Matumizi
Namba hurejea miaka 1022 KK na 1022 BK.
Tanbihi
Namba asilia
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Elfu moja na ishirini na mbili",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Elfu moja na ishirini na mbili ni namba inayoandikwa 1022 kwa tarakimu za kawaida na MXXII kwa zile za Kirumi. \n\nNi namba asilia inayofuata 1021 na kutangulia 1023.\n\nVigawo vyake vya namba tasa ni: 2 x 7 x 73.\n\nMatumizi\n Namba hurejea miaka 1022 KK na 1022 BK.\n\nTanbihi\n\nNamba asilia",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorotheo%20wa%20Turo
|
Dorotheo wa Turo (Antiokia ya Siria, leo nchini Uturuki, 255 hivi - Varna, Bulgaria, 362) alikuwa askofu wa mji huo wa Lebanoni .
Tangu kale anaheshimiwa na Wakatoliki na Waorthodoksi kama mtakatifu mfiadini.
Sikukuu yake huadhimishwa tarehe 5 Juni.
Maisha
Dhuluma ya kaisari Diocletian ilimlazimisha kukimbia alipokuwa padri maarufu kwa elimu yake, lakini baadaye akarudi.
Alishiriki mtaguso wa kwanza wa Nisea mwaka 325, lakini alifukuzwa na kaisari Juliani Mwasi akakae Odyssopolis (Varna, leo nchini Bulgaria) kwenye Bahari Nyeusi. Huko alifia dini yake akiwa na umri wa miaka 107.
Maandishi
Anasemekana kuwa mwandishi wa kitabu "Matendo ya Wanafunzi Sabini" waliotumwa na Yesu kadiri ya Injili ya Luka 10:1.
Tazama pia
Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale
Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo
Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika
Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko
Mababu wa Kanisa
Tanbihi
Viungo vya nje
Henry Wace, Dictionary of Christian Biography and Literature to the End of the Sixth Century A.D.
The "Synopsis" of Dorotheus of Tyre
Waliozaliwa 255
Waliofariki 362
Mababu wa Kanisa
Maaskofu Wakatoliki
Wafiadini Wakristo
Watakatifu wa Uturuki
Watakatifu wa Lebanoni
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorotheo%20wa%20Turo",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Dorotheo wa Turo (Antiokia ya Siria, leo nchini Uturuki, 255 hivi - Varna, Bulgaria, 362) alikuwa askofu wa mji huo wa Lebanoni . \n\nTangu kale anaheshimiwa na Wakatoliki na Waorthodoksi kama mtakatifu mfiadini.\n\nSikukuu yake huadhimishwa tarehe 5 Juni.\n\nMaisha\nDhuluma ya kaisari Diocletian ilimlazimisha kukimbia alipokuwa padri maarufu kwa elimu yake, lakini baadaye akarudi. \n\nAlishiriki mtaguso wa kwanza wa Nisea mwaka 325, lakini alifukuzwa na kaisari Juliani Mwasi akakae Odyssopolis (Varna, leo nchini Bulgaria) kwenye Bahari Nyeusi. Huko alifia dini yake akiwa na umri wa miaka 107.\n\nMaandishi\nAnasemekana kuwa mwandishi wa kitabu \"Matendo ya Wanafunzi Sabini\" waliotumwa na Yesu kadiri ya Injili ya Luka 10:1.\n\nTazama pia\nWatakatifu wa Agano la Kale\nOrodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo\nOrodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika\nOrodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko\nMababu wa Kanisa\n\nTanbihi\n\nViungo vya nje\nHenry Wace, Dictionary of Christian Biography and Literature to the End of the Sixth Century A.D. \n The \"Synopsis\" of Dorotheus of Tyre\n\nWaliozaliwa 255\nWaliofariki 362\nMababu wa Kanisa\nMaaskofu Wakatoliki\nWafiadini Wakristo\nWatakatifu wa Uturuki\nWatakatifu wa Lebanoni",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ewalel/Chapcha
|
ni kata ya kaunti ya Baringo, eneo bunge la Baringo ya Kati, nchini Kenya.
Tanbihi
Kata za Kenya
Kaunti ya Baringo
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ewalel/Chapcha",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "ni kata ya kaunti ya Baringo, eneo bunge la Baringo ya Kati, nchini Kenya.\n\nTanbihi\n\nKata za Kenya\nKaunti ya Baringo",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
Pete O'Neal
|
Felix Lindsey "Pete" O'Neal, Jr. (alizaliwa 1940) alikuwa mwenyekiti wa chama cha Black Panther Party cha mji wa Kansas nchini Marekani mwaka 1960 huku akifanya shughuli nyingi za kijamii kama kusaidia watoto wa mitaani katika mji huo.
Historia
O'Neal aliingia katika mgogoro na walimu wake wakati akiwa elimu ya juu ya upili na kulazimika kuacha masomo yake na kujiunga na jeshi akifuata nyayo za baba yake.
Baada ya kumaliza kuhudumu katika jeshi alihamia katika jiji la Calfonia na mwaka 1959h alikamatwa kwa makosa ya wizi na kuhukumiwa jela miezi tisa lakini alitoroka baada ya kukaa humo kwa muda wa miezi mitatu na kukimbilia katika mji wa Kansas na mwaka 1961 alikamatwa tena na kurejeshwa katika jiji la Kalifonia kumalizia hukumu yake iliyobakia .
Mnamo tarehe 30 Oktoba mwaka 1969 alikamatwa tena kwa makosa ya kusafirisha silaha na mwaka 1970 alihukumiwa jela miaka minne, lakini alitorokea nchini Aljeria na kisha kukimbilia nchi Tanzania baada ya mwalimu Julius Nyerere kuvutiwa na sera zake za uafrika na kumruhusu kuishi nchini humo ambako anaishi hadi sasa.
Peter pamoja na mke wake Charlotte Hill O'Neal, ni waanzilishi wa asasi na kituo cha United African Alliance Community Center (UAACC) kilichopo eneo la Embasenyi wilaya ya Arumeru mkoani Arusha.
UAACC ni kituo kinachoshughulika kufunza watoto hasa katika masuala ya sanaa. filamu. muziki lugha ya Kiingereza, Kompyuta pamoja na mambo mengine.
Kituo hiki kimekuwa kikitembelewa na watu maarufu pamoja na wanasiasa mbalimbali na huduma za mabweni zinapatikana katika kituo hiko, huku vijana na watu mbalimbali hasa wanaozunguka kituo hicho wakipata fursa ya ajira.
Familia ya O'Neal's bado inaishi katika jiji la Kansas na Peter ni binamu wa mwakilishi wa Marekani Emmanuel Cleaver, na tangu mwaka 1991 Eammanuel amekuwa akimuombea Pater msamaha kwa maraisi tangu Bill Clinton na Barack Obama na wote walikataa kutoa msamaha kwa Peter .
Marejeo
Waliozaliwa 1940
Watu walio hai
Wanaharakati wa Marekani
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Pete O'Neal",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Felix Lindsey \"Pete\" O'Neal, Jr. (alizaliwa 1940) alikuwa mwenyekiti wa chama cha Black Panther Party cha mji wa Kansas nchini Marekani mwaka 1960 huku akifanya shughuli nyingi za kijamii kama kusaidia watoto wa mitaani katika mji huo.\n\nHistoria \nO'Neal aliingia katika mgogoro na walimu wake wakati akiwa elimu ya juu ya upili na kulazimika kuacha masomo yake na kujiunga na jeshi akifuata nyayo za baba yake. \n\nBaada ya kumaliza kuhudumu katika jeshi alihamia katika jiji la Calfonia na mwaka 1959h alikamatwa kwa makosa ya wizi na kuhukumiwa jela miezi tisa lakini alitoroka baada ya kukaa humo kwa muda wa miezi mitatu na kukimbilia katika mji wa Kansas na mwaka 1961 alikamatwa tena na kurejeshwa katika jiji la Kalifonia kumalizia hukumu yake iliyobakia . \n\nMnamo tarehe 30 Oktoba mwaka 1969 alikamatwa tena kwa makosa ya kusafirisha silaha na mwaka 1970 alihukumiwa jela miaka minne, lakini alitorokea nchini Aljeria na kisha kukimbilia nchi Tanzania baada ya mwalimu Julius Nyerere kuvutiwa na sera zake za uafrika na kumruhusu kuishi nchini humo ambako anaishi hadi sasa. \n\nPeter pamoja na mke wake Charlotte Hill O'Neal, ni waanzilishi wa asasi na kituo cha United African Alliance Community Center (UAACC) kilichopo eneo la Embasenyi wilaya ya Arumeru mkoani Arusha.\n\nUAACC ni kituo kinachoshughulika kufunza watoto hasa katika masuala ya sanaa. filamu. muziki lugha ya Kiingereza, Kompyuta pamoja na mambo mengine.\n\nKituo hiki kimekuwa kikitembelewa na watu maarufu pamoja na wanasiasa mbalimbali na huduma za mabweni zinapatikana katika kituo hiko, huku vijana na watu mbalimbali hasa wanaozunguka kituo hicho wakipata fursa ya ajira.\n\nFamilia ya O'Neal's bado inaishi katika jiji la Kansas na Peter ni binamu wa mwakilishi wa Marekani Emmanuel Cleaver, na tangu mwaka 1991 Eammanuel amekuwa akimuombea Pater msamaha kwa maraisi tangu Bill Clinton na Barack Obama na wote walikataa kutoa msamaha kwa Peter .\n\nMarejeo\n\nWaliozaliwa 1940\nWatu walio hai\nWanaharakati wa Marekani",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
Ministry of Trade (Greece)
|
The Ministry of Trade () was a government department of Greece. From August 8, 1991, until September 15, 1995, the Minister for Trade was also Minister for Industry, Energy and Technology. From February 1, 1996, the Ministry of Trade was officially merged with the Ministry for Industry, Energy and Technology and the Ministry for Tourism to create the Ministry for Development.
List of ministers (1974–1995)
See also
Cabinet of Greece
Defunct government ministries of Greece
Lists of government ministers of Greece
Greece
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Ministry of Trade (Greece)",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The Ministry of Trade () was a government department of Greece. From August 8, 1991, until September 15, 1995, the Minister for Trade was also Minister for Industry, Energy and Technology. From February 1, 1996, the Ministry of Trade was officially merged with the Ministry for Industry, Energy and Technology and the Ministry for Tourism to create the Ministry for Development.\n\nList of ministers (1974–1995)\n\nSee also\n Cabinet of Greece\n\nDefunct government ministries of Greece\nLists of government ministers of Greece\nGreece",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos%20Tevez
|
Carlos Tevez ni mchezaji wa soka wa Argentina ambaye anachezea timu ya Shanghai Shenhua na timu ya taifa ya Argentina. Ujuzi na malengo umemfanya awe mchezaji muhimu kwa pande zote za klabu yake.
Tevez alianza kuchezea timu ya Boca Juniors,Na kushinda kombe la Copa Libertadores na Kombe la Intercontinental mwaka 2003 kabla ya kuhamia Wakorintho, ambapo alishinda Brasileiro. Mwaka 2006, alihamia West Ham United, akisaidia timu hiyo kubaki katika Ligi Kuu katika msimu wake pekee. Uhamiaji wa Tevez kwa muda mrefu hadi West Ham na baadaye Manchester United ulikuwa na masuala yanayohusu umiliki wa tatu na Media Sports Uwekezaji, na sagas yao ya matokeo ilibadilisha mabadiliko ya Ligi Kuu ya Kwanza na FIFA.
Tevez alihamia Manchester United mwaka 2007, na katika miaka yake miwili alishinda nyara kadhaa, ikiwa ni pamoja na makombe mawili ya Ligi Kuu na UEFA Champions League. Mwaka 2009, alijiunga na Manchester City kwa £ 47 milioni, akawa mchezaji wa kwanza kuhamia kati ya vilabu viwili vya mpinzani tangu Terry Cooke mwaka 1999. Licha ya kukosa miezi minne msimu wa 2011-12 baada ya mgogoro, Tevez alirudi kusaidia Manchester City kushinda kombe la kwanza la ligi katika miaka 44. Mwaka 2013, alijiunga na Juventus kwa £ 12,000,000, kumalizika kama mchezaji huyo akiwa na mechi bora na kushinda Scudetto katika msimu wake wa kwanza. Baada ya kushinda mara mbili ya ndani na kufikia mwisho wa Ligi ya Mabingwa katika msimu wake wa pili, alirudi Boca Juniors mwezi Juni 2015, ambapo alishinda mara mbili ya ndani, akiwa mchezaji wa kwanza kushinda ligi mbili za ndani na kikombe mwaka mmoja wa kalenda.
Mwaka 2016/2017 alihamia timu Shanghai Shenhua ya China na kuwa mchezaji wa soka anayelipwa mshahara mkubwa Duniani.
Watu walio hai
Wachezaji mpira wa Argentina
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos%20Tevez",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Carlos Tevez ni mchezaji wa soka wa Argentina ambaye anachezea timu ya Shanghai Shenhua na timu ya taifa ya Argentina. Ujuzi na malengo umemfanya awe mchezaji muhimu kwa pande zote za klabu yake.\n\nTevez alianza kuchezea timu ya Boca Juniors,Na kushinda kombe la Copa Libertadores na Kombe la Intercontinental mwaka 2003 kabla ya kuhamia Wakorintho, ambapo alishinda Brasileiro. Mwaka 2006, alihamia West Ham United, akisaidia timu hiyo kubaki katika Ligi Kuu katika msimu wake pekee. Uhamiaji wa Tevez kwa muda mrefu hadi West Ham na baadaye Manchester United ulikuwa na masuala yanayohusu umiliki wa tatu na Media Sports Uwekezaji, na sagas yao ya matokeo ilibadilisha mabadiliko ya Ligi Kuu ya Kwanza na FIFA.\n\nTevez alihamia Manchester United mwaka 2007, na katika miaka yake miwili alishinda nyara kadhaa, ikiwa ni pamoja na makombe mawili ya Ligi Kuu na UEFA Champions League. Mwaka 2009, alijiunga na Manchester City kwa £ 47 milioni, akawa mchezaji wa kwanza kuhamia kati ya vilabu viwili vya mpinzani tangu Terry Cooke mwaka 1999. Licha ya kukosa miezi minne msimu wa 2011-12 baada ya mgogoro, Tevez alirudi kusaidia Manchester City kushinda kombe la kwanza la ligi katika miaka 44. Mwaka 2013, alijiunga na Juventus kwa £ 12,000,000, kumalizika kama mchezaji huyo akiwa na mechi bora na kushinda Scudetto katika msimu wake wa kwanza. Baada ya kushinda mara mbili ya ndani na kufikia mwisho wa Ligi ya Mabingwa katika msimu wake wa pili, alirudi Boca Juniors mwezi Juni 2015, ambapo alishinda mara mbili ya ndani, akiwa mchezaji wa kwanza kushinda ligi mbili za ndani na kikombe mwaka mmoja wa kalenda. \n\nMwaka 2016/2017 alihamia timu Shanghai Shenhua ya China na kuwa mchezaji wa soka anayelipwa mshahara mkubwa Duniani.\n\nWatu walio hai\nWachezaji mpira wa Argentina",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
Eneo bunge la Malava
|
Eneo bunge la Malava ni mojawapo ya majimbo ya Uchaguzi nchini Kenya. Jimbo hili linapatikana katika kaunti ya Kakamega, Magharibi mwa nchi.
Historia
Jimbo hili lilianzishwa wakati wa uchaguzi Mkuu wa 1988.
Wabunge
Wodi
Tazama Pia
Maeneo bunge ya Kenya
Uchaguzi Mkuu wa Kenya, 1992
Uchaguzi Mkuu wa Kenya, 1997
Uchaguzi Mkuu wa Kenya, 2002
Marejeo
Kaunti ya Kakamega
M
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Eneo bunge la Malava",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Eneo bunge la Malava ni mojawapo ya majimbo ya Uchaguzi nchini Kenya. Jimbo hili linapatikana katika kaunti ya Kakamega, Magharibi mwa nchi.\n\nHistoria\nJimbo hili lilianzishwa wakati wa uchaguzi Mkuu wa 1988.\n\nWabunge\n\nWodi\n\nTazama Pia\nMaeneo bunge ya Kenya\nUchaguzi Mkuu wa Kenya, 1992\nUchaguzi Mkuu wa Kenya, 1997\nUchaguzi Mkuu wa Kenya, 2002\n\nMarejeo \n\nKaunti ya Kakamega\nM",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uwanja%20wa%20michezo%20wa%20Ajaylat
|
Ajaylat Stadium ni uwanja wa michezo unaotumika kwa matumizi mbalimbali mjini Ajaylat nchini Libya. Na unatumika zaidi kwa mchezo wa mpira wa miguu na uwanja wa nyumbani wa timu ya Al Urouba. Uwanja huo unachukua watu 8,000. Msimu wa ligi kuu ya Libya 2008-2009, timu ya Wefaq Sabratha walicheza katika uwanja huu wakati uwanja Sabratha ulipokua kwenye matengenezo.
Viungo vya Nje
Stadium information
Marejeo
Africa Wiki Challenge Arusha
Viwanja vya Michezo Libya
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uwanja%20wa%20michezo%20wa%20Ajaylat",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Ajaylat Stadium ni uwanja wa michezo unaotumika kwa matumizi mbalimbali mjini Ajaylat nchini Libya. Na unatumika zaidi kwa mchezo wa mpira wa miguu na uwanja wa nyumbani wa timu ya Al Urouba. Uwanja huo unachukua watu 8,000. Msimu wa ligi kuu ya Libya 2008-2009, timu ya Wefaq Sabratha walicheza katika uwanja huu wakati uwanja Sabratha ulipokua kwenye matengenezo.\n\nViungo vya Nje\nStadium information\n\nMarejeo\n\nAfrica Wiki Challenge Arusha\nViwanja vya Michezo Libya",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
Ambositra
|
Ambositra ni mji unaopatikana katika mkoa wa Fianarantsoa nchini Madagaska.
Idadi ya wakazi wake ni takriban 30,353.
Tazama pia
Orodha ya miji ya Madagaska
miji ya Madagaska
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Ambositra",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Ambositra ni mji unaopatikana katika mkoa wa Fianarantsoa nchini Madagaska. \n\nIdadi ya wakazi wake ni takriban 30,353.\n\nTazama pia\n Orodha ya miji ya Madagaska\n\nmiji ya Madagaska",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hopa
|
Hopa ni mji na wilaya iliopo katika Mkoa wa Artvin huko nchini Uturuki. Takriban km 67 kutoka mjini kwa Artvin. Kwa upande wa mashariki, mji upo kwenye pwani ya Bahari Nyeusi karibu kidogo na mpaka wa nchi ya Georgia.
Viungo vya Nje
Governor's Office
the Municipality
Photo and Art website
Photo and mountaineering
local information
photos of Hopa in local news website
FallingRain Map - elevation = 215m
Hopa Port's web site
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hopa",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Hopa ni mji na wilaya iliopo katika Mkoa wa Artvin huko nchini Uturuki. Takriban km 67 kutoka mjini kwa Artvin. Kwa upande wa mashariki, mji upo kwenye pwani ya Bahari Nyeusi karibu kidogo na mpaka wa nchi ya Georgia.\n\nViungo vya Nje \n Governor's Office\n the Municipality\n Photo and Art website \n Photo and mountaineering\n local information \n photos of Hopa in local news website \n FallingRain Map - elevation = 215m\n Hopa Port's web site",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uwanja%20wa%20michezo%20wa%20Wadi%20Al%20Rabi
|
Uwanja wa michezo wa Wadi Al Rabi ni uwanja wa kisasa unaojengwa huko tripoli nchini Libya. Ulipangwa kuwa mahali pa Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika,mnamo mwaka 2017 ambapo ungeweza kuwa uwanja ambao ungechezewa mechi ya ufunguzi na mechi ya mwisho.
Marejeo
Africa Wiki Challenge Arusha
Viwanja vya Michezo Libya
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uwanja%20wa%20michezo%20wa%20Wadi%20Al%20Rabi",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Uwanja wa michezo wa Wadi Al Rabi ni uwanja wa kisasa unaojengwa huko tripoli nchini Libya. Ulipangwa kuwa mahali pa Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika,mnamo mwaka 2017 ambapo ungeweza kuwa uwanja ambao ungechezewa mechi ya ufunguzi na mechi ya mwisho.\n\nMarejeo\n\nAfrica Wiki Challenge Arusha\nViwanja vya Michezo Libya",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriela%20Ch%C3%A1vez%20%28mchezaji%29
|
Gabriela Patricia Chávez (alizaliwa 9 Aprili, 1989) ni mwanasoka wa Argentina ambaye anacheza kama kiungo katika klabu ya Boca Juniors na timu ya taifa ya wanawake ya Argentina .
Kazi ya kimataifa
Chávez aliwakilisha Argentina katika misimu mawili ya Kombe la Dunia la FIFA la Wanawake ( 2006 na 2008 ). Katika kiwango cha juu, alicheza katika mashindano ya soka ya wanawake mwaka 2006 huko Amerika Kusini, misimu mawili ya michezo ya Pan American ( 2007 na 2011 ), Kombe la Dunia la Wanawake la FIFA mwaka 2007, Mwaka 2008 na 2018 michezo ya Olimpiki ya Copa América Femenina .
Marejeo
Watu walio hai
Waliozaliwa 1989
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriela%20Ch%C3%A1vez%20%28mchezaji%29",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Gabriela Patricia Chávez (alizaliwa 9 Aprili, 1989) ni mwanasoka wa Argentina ambaye anacheza kama kiungo katika klabu ya Boca Juniors na timu ya taifa ya wanawake ya Argentina .\n\nKazi ya kimataifa \nChávez aliwakilisha Argentina katika misimu mawili ya Kombe la Dunia la FIFA la Wanawake ( 2006 na 2008 ). Katika kiwango cha juu, alicheza katika mashindano ya soka ya wanawake mwaka 2006 huko Amerika Kusini, misimu mawili ya michezo ya Pan American ( 2007 na 2011 ), Kombe la Dunia la Wanawake la FIFA mwaka 2007, Mwaka 2008 na 2018 michezo ya Olimpiki ya Copa América Femenina .\n\nMarejeo \n\nWatu walio hai\nWaliozaliwa 1989",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/1438
|
Makala hii inahusu mwaka 1438 BK (Baada ya Kristo).
Matukio
Waliozaliwa
Waliofariki
Karne ya 15
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/1438",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Makala hii inahusu mwaka 1438 BK (Baada ya Kristo).\n\nMatukio\n\nWaliozaliwa\n\nWaliofariki \n\nKarne ya 15",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baba%20Yetu
|
"Baba Yetu" (Swahili: "Our Father") is the theme song for the 2005 video game Civilization IV. It was composed by Christopher Tin and performed by Ron Ragin and the Stanford Talisman. For its re-release in Tin's debut album Calling All Dawns, it was performed by the Soweto Gospel Choir. The song, when rereleased, became the first piece of video game music to be nominated for and to win a Grammy Award.
Composition
Being a fan of the Civilization series, Tin reconnected with his former roommate Soren Johnson during his five-year college reunion at Stanford University; both had been part of an overseas program during their studies at Oxford University, with Johnson studying history and Tin studying music. Johnson told Tin at the reunion he had been working on Civilization III, and Tin expressed his love of the series to him. Some months after the reunion, Johnson contacted Tin and told him they were looking for music for the introduction for their new game Civilization IV, and wanted him to help. Johnson said they were inspired by the performances of the Stanford Talisman, an a capella group at Stanford that specialize in traditional African music, and wanted Tin to compose something similar for the theme. Tin took about a month to compose the track before recording it with Talisman for the game's track.
Lyrics
The lyrics of "Baba Yetu" (which means "Our Father" in Swahili) are a translation of the Lord's Prayer.
In 2007, "Baba Yetu" was released by Alfred Music Publishing, and it was rearranged by Tin for an SATB a cappella choir with optional percussion accompaniment in 2011. Other arrangements include SSATBB choir, TTBB choir, string orchestra, concert band, piano quintet, and piano/voice.
Reviews
"Baba Yetu" garnered much critical praise, with over 20 reviewers singling out the theme on platforms such as IGN and GameSpy.
Awards and achievements
"Baba Yetu" was nominated for the 53rd Annual Grammy Awards in the Grammy Award for Best Arrangement, Instrumental and Vocals category, and on February 13, 2011, it was announced as the winner of its category, making it the first piece of music composed for a video game to be nominated for and win a Grammy Award. At the 10th annual Independent Music Awards, "Baba Yetu" was the winner in the 'Song Used in Film/TV/Multimedia' and 'World Beat Song' categories.
Notable performances
"Baba Yetu" is a frequent piece performed during Video Games Live concerts. It has been performed at various venues and events around the world, including Carnegie Hall, the Lincoln Center, Disney Concert Hall, The Dubai Fountain, the Kennedy Center, Royal Festival Hall, the Hollywood Bowl, the New Year's Concert of the sixty-seventh session of the United Nations General Assembly, as well as the 2017 Llangollen International Musical Eisteddfod. Notable ensembles that have performed the song include the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, Welsh National Opera, National Symphony Orchestra, US Navy Band, and various YouTube artists, including Peter Hollens, Alex Boye, BYU Men's Choir and Korean Acapella group Maytree which was praised by Tin himself.
"Baba Yetu" is a popular contemporary choral piece, and has been sung in many competitions. Notably, the Angel City Chorale performed it during the 13th season of America's Got Talent, earning guest judge Olivia Munn's golden buzzer, advancing the choir to the live shows. On the final night of that same season on the show, the acrobatic dance group Zurcaroh performed a routine to the song. In addition, the Stellenbosch University Choir won the Open, Youth, and Mixed choir categories for their performance of it at the 2018 Llangollen International Musical Eisteddfod.
On the 6th of August 2019, "Baba Yetu" was played at the signing of the Maputo Accord, which brought an end to the RENAMO insurgency in Mozambique.
References
Video game theme songs
2005 songs
Lord's Prayer
Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Arrangement Accompanying Vocalist(s)
Civilization (series)
Songs in Swahili
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baba%20Yetu",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "\"Baba Yetu\" (Swahili: \"Our Father\") is the theme song for the 2005 video game Civilization IV. It was composed by Christopher Tin and performed by Ron Ragin and the Stanford Talisman. For its re-release in Tin's debut album Calling All Dawns, it was performed by the Soweto Gospel Choir. The song, when rereleased, became the first piece of video game music to be nominated for and to win a Grammy Award.\n\nComposition\nBeing a fan of the Civilization series, Tin reconnected with his former roommate Soren Johnson during his five-year college reunion at Stanford University; both had been part of an overseas program during their studies at Oxford University, with Johnson studying history and Tin studying music. Johnson told Tin at the reunion he had been working on Civilization III, and Tin expressed his love of the series to him. Some months after the reunion, Johnson contacted Tin and told him they were looking for music for the introduction for their new game Civilization IV, and wanted him to help. Johnson said they were inspired by the performances of the Stanford Talisman, an a capella group at Stanford that specialize in traditional African music, and wanted Tin to compose something similar for the theme. Tin took about a month to compose the track before recording it with Talisman for the game's track.\n\nLyrics\nThe lyrics of \"Baba Yetu\" (which means \"Our Father\" in Swahili) are a translation of the Lord's Prayer.\n\nIn 2007, \"Baba Yetu\" was released by Alfred Music Publishing, and it was rearranged by Tin for an SATB a cappella choir with optional percussion accompaniment in 2011. Other arrangements include SSATBB choir, TTBB choir, string orchestra, concert band, piano quintet, and piano/voice.\n\nReviews\n\"Baba Yetu\" garnered much critical praise, with over 20 reviewers singling out the theme on platforms such as IGN and GameSpy.\n\nAwards and achievements\n\"Baba Yetu\" was nominated for the 53rd Annual Grammy Awards in the Grammy Award for Best Arrangement, Instrumental and Vocals category, and on February 13, 2011, it was announced as the winner of its category, making it the first piece of music composed for a video game to be nominated for and win a Grammy Award. At the 10th annual Independent Music Awards, \"Baba Yetu\" was the winner in the 'Song Used in Film/TV/Multimedia' and 'World Beat Song' categories.\n\nNotable performances\n\"Baba Yetu\" is a frequent piece performed during Video Games Live concerts. It has been performed at various venues and events around the world, including Carnegie Hall, the Lincoln Center, Disney Concert Hall, The Dubai Fountain, the Kennedy Center, Royal Festival Hall, the Hollywood Bowl, the New Year's Concert of the sixty-seventh session of the United Nations General Assembly, as well as the 2017 Llangollen International Musical Eisteddfod. Notable ensembles that have performed the song include the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, Welsh National Opera, National Symphony Orchestra, US Navy Band, and various YouTube artists, including Peter Hollens, Alex Boye, BYU Men's Choir and Korean Acapella group Maytree which was praised by Tin himself.\n\n\"Baba Yetu\" is a popular contemporary choral piece, and has been sung in many competitions. Notably, the Angel City Chorale performed it during the 13th season of America's Got Talent, earning guest judge Olivia Munn's golden buzzer, advancing the choir to the live shows. On the final night of that same season on the show, the acrobatic dance group Zurcaroh performed a routine to the song. In addition, the Stellenbosch University Choir won the Open, Youth, and Mixed choir categories for their performance of it at the 2018 Llangollen International Musical Eisteddfod.\n\nOn the 6th of August 2019, \"Baba Yetu\" was played at the signing of the Maputo Accord, which brought an end to the RENAMO insurgency in Mozambique.\n\nReferences\n\nVideo game theme songs\n2005 songs\nLord's Prayer\nGrammy Award for Best Instrumental Arrangement Accompanying Vocalist(s)\nCivilization (series)\nSongs in Swahili",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
Vijiji Vya SOS Vya Watoto
|
Vijiji Vya SOS Vya Watoto (kwa Kijerumani: SOS-Kinderdorf) ni shirika huru, lisilo la serikali na huendeleza maendeleo ya kimataifa. Imekuwa ikifanya kazi hii ili kukidhi mahitaji, na kulinda maslahi na haki za watoto tangu mwaka 1949. Ilianzishwa na Hermann Gmeiner huko Imst, Austria. Imeshinda Tuzo ya Amani ya Nobel mara 14 na kupokea Conrad N. Hilton Humanitarian Nobel. mwaka wa 2002 Kulingana na Financial Times, mwaka 2004 mauzo ya Vijiji Vya SOS Vya Watoto ilikuwa dola za Marekani milioni 807, na ilikuwa ranked 33 kati ya mashirika yasiyokuwa ya kiserikali 100 ya kimataifa kwa ajili ya "uwajibikaji wa kimataifa". . Shirika mwamvuli wake wa kimataifa, SOS-Kinderdorf International, ilianzishwa mwaka 1960, baada ya vyama vya kitaifa kuwa imara katika Ufaransa, Ujerumani, Italia na kuongeza chama awali cha Austria . Juu ya vyama mia vya kitaifa duniani kote vimeanzishwa tangu.
Operesheni
Shirika hili linalenga watoto waliotelekezwa, fukara na yatima wanaohitaji makao na huduma ya watoto. Mamilioni ya watoto duniani kote wanaishi bila zao za kibayologia kwa sababu mbalimbali ikiwemo:
wazazi kutengana,
uhasama nyumbani na kutelekezwa
wamepoteza wazazi wao kutokana na vita au majanga ya asili
magonjwa - ikiwemo UKIMWI.
Watoto hawo husaidiwa ili kuepuka kutengwa, kuteswa, kunyanyasa na kunyimwa haki zao.
SOS huwapa watoto 50,000 na vijana 15,000 familia mpya ya kudumu, na mama mpya anaye wa shughulikia watoto hawo. Kawaida (katika nchi zinazoendelea) karibu watoto kumi huwekwa katika makundi ndani ya nyumba pamoja na mama wa SOS, na kati ya kumi na arobaini ya nyumba hizo huwekwa pamoja katika makundi kutengeneza "Kijiji". Makundi ya familia yanapotengenezwa yanaendelea pamoja kama kipaumbele.
Programu mbalimbali
Mbali na Vijiji hivyo Vya Watoto (zaidi ya 450 duniani kote) vinavyo tengeneza msingi ya Vijiji Vya SOS Vya Watoto 'kufanya kazi, shirika hilo zima linaendesha programu mbalimbali na vifaa vya kijamii katika kusaidia familia maskini yenye matatizo na kuwasaidia kuongoza maisha bora katika muda mrefu. Pia, SOS inawasaidia watoto wengine karibu milioni katika programu ya jamii kama vile kuimarisha familia, kusimamia shule 192, kusimamia programu ya vituo vya matibabu kwa watoto wa mitaani, watoto askari, waathirika wa janga na pia mayatima.
Wafuasi Maarufu
Wafuasi mashuhuri ikiwemo Nelson Mandela, FIFA, Dalai Lama, Kakha Kaladze, Andriy Shevchenko, Ruud van Nistelrooy, Javier Argentina mpira Zanetti, Kifaransa mwandishi & mwigizaji Anny Dupérey, Sarah Ferguson, Princess Salimah Aga Khan, Madonna, Mike Holmes na Johnny Cash ambaye kumbukumbu mfuko yake ni kuelekeza kazi ya Vijiji Vya SOS Vya Watoto duniani kote.
SOS inakaribisha misaada toka vikundi vya jamii, shule na watu binafsi kwa kupitia ushiriki katika Wiki ya mayatima duniani - ambayo huwa ni tukio ambalo huashiriwa kimataifa kwa muda wa wiki moja ili kukuza ufahamu wa mahitaji ya watoto yatima na waliotelekezwa.
Tanbihi
Viungo vya nje
Vijiji Vya SOS Vya Watoto - International (shirika mwamvuli)
Vijiji Vya SOS Vya Watoto Kanada
Vijiji Vya SOS Vya Watoto Pakistan
Vijiji Vya SOS Vya Watoto Afrika ya Kusini
Vijiji Vya SOS Vya Watoto Uingereza
Vijiji Vya SOS Vya Watoto USA
Mashirika ya kimataifa
|
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"content": "Vijiji Vya SOS Vya Watoto",
"role": "user"
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"content": "Vijiji Vya SOS Vya Watoto (kwa Kijerumani: SOS-Kinderdorf) ni shirika huru, lisilo la serikali na huendeleza maendeleo ya kimataifa. Imekuwa ikifanya kazi hii ili kukidhi mahitaji, na kulinda maslahi na haki za watoto tangu mwaka 1949. Ilianzishwa na Hermann Gmeiner huko Imst, Austria. Imeshinda Tuzo ya Amani ya Nobel mara 14 na kupokea Conrad N. Hilton Humanitarian Nobel. mwaka wa 2002 Kulingana na Financial Times, mwaka 2004 mauzo ya Vijiji Vya SOS Vya Watoto ilikuwa dola za Marekani milioni 807, na ilikuwa ranked 33 kati ya mashirika yasiyokuwa ya kiserikali 100 ya kimataifa kwa ajili ya \"uwajibikaji wa kimataifa\". . Shirika mwamvuli wake wa kimataifa, SOS-Kinderdorf International, ilianzishwa mwaka 1960, baada ya vyama vya kitaifa kuwa imara katika Ufaransa, Ujerumani, Italia na kuongeza chama awali cha Austria . Juu ya vyama mia vya kitaifa duniani kote vimeanzishwa tangu.\n\nOperesheni \nShirika hili linalenga watoto waliotelekezwa, fukara na yatima wanaohitaji makao na huduma ya watoto. Mamilioni ya watoto duniani kote wanaishi bila zao za kibayologia kwa sababu mbalimbali ikiwemo:\n wazazi kutengana,\n uhasama nyumbani na kutelekezwa\n wamepoteza wazazi wao kutokana na vita au majanga ya asili\n magonjwa - ikiwemo UKIMWI.\n\nWatoto hawo husaidiwa ili kuepuka kutengwa, kuteswa, kunyanyasa na kunyimwa haki zao.\n\nSOS huwapa watoto 50,000 na vijana 15,000 familia mpya ya kudumu, na mama mpya anaye wa shughulikia watoto hawo. Kawaida (katika nchi zinazoendelea) karibu watoto kumi huwekwa katika makundi ndani ya nyumba pamoja na mama wa SOS, na kati ya kumi na arobaini ya nyumba hizo huwekwa pamoja katika makundi kutengeneza \"Kijiji\". Makundi ya familia yanapotengenezwa yanaendelea pamoja kama kipaumbele.\n\nProgramu mbalimbali \n\nMbali na Vijiji hivyo Vya Watoto (zaidi ya 450 duniani kote) vinavyo tengeneza msingi ya Vijiji Vya SOS Vya Watoto 'kufanya kazi, shirika hilo zima linaendesha programu mbalimbali na vifaa vya kijamii katika kusaidia familia maskini yenye matatizo na kuwasaidia kuongoza maisha bora katika muda mrefu. Pia, SOS inawasaidia watoto wengine karibu milioni katika programu ya jamii kama vile kuimarisha familia, kusimamia shule 192, kusimamia programu ya vituo vya matibabu kwa watoto wa mitaani, watoto askari, waathirika wa janga na pia mayatima.\n\nWafuasi Maarufu \nWafuasi mashuhuri ikiwemo Nelson Mandela, FIFA, Dalai Lama, Kakha Kaladze, Andriy Shevchenko, Ruud van Nistelrooy, Javier Argentina mpira Zanetti, Kifaransa mwandishi & mwigizaji Anny Dupérey, Sarah Ferguson, Princess Salimah Aga Khan, Madonna, Mike Holmes na Johnny Cash ambaye kumbukumbu mfuko yake ni kuelekeza kazi ya Vijiji Vya SOS Vya Watoto duniani kote.\n\nSOS inakaribisha misaada toka vikundi vya jamii, shule na watu binafsi kwa kupitia ushiriki katika Wiki ya mayatima duniani - ambayo huwa ni tukio ambalo huashiriwa kimataifa kwa muda wa wiki moja ili kukuza ufahamu wa mahitaji ya watoto yatima na waliotelekezwa.\n\nTanbihi\n\nViungo vya nje\n\n Vijiji Vya SOS Vya Watoto - International (shirika mwamvuli)\n Vijiji Vya SOS Vya Watoto Kanada\n Vijiji Vya SOS Vya Watoto Pakistan\n Vijiji Vya SOS Vya Watoto Afrika ya Kusini \n Vijiji Vya SOS Vya Watoto Uingereza\n Vijiji Vya SOS Vya Watoto USA\n\nMashirika ya kimataifa",
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Diongoya
|
Diongoya ni kata ya Wilaya ya Mvomero katika Mkoa wa Morogoro, Tanzania yenye Postikodi namba 67309. Kwa mujibu wa sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao 21,017 walioishi humo.
Marejeo
Wilaya ya Mvomero
Kata za Mkoa wa Morogoro
|
[
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"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Diongoya",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Diongoya ni kata ya Wilaya ya Mvomero katika Mkoa wa Morogoro, Tanzania yenye Postikodi namba 67309. Kwa mujibu wa sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao 21,017 walioishi humo.\n\nMarejeo \n \n \n\nWilaya ya Mvomero\nKata za Mkoa wa Morogoro",
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] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bryman%20College
|
Bryman College was a system of for-profit colleges in the United States. Bryman College became Everest College in April 2007 and returned to the Bryman name after BioHealth Colleges purchased the San Jose, Hayward, San Francisco and Los Angeles-Wilshire locations.
On July 25, 2014, the school ceased operations after filing for Chapter 11 bankruptcy and officially shut down all of its campuses.
History and locations
The original Bryman Schools were founded in 1960 by Mrs. Esther Bryman as the Los Angeles Colleges of Medical and Dental Assistants. In 1975, The Bryman Schools were acquired by National Education Corporation. In 1983, the school names were changed to National Education Center Bryman Campus. Corinthian Schools, Inc. acquired the schools in July 1995. In June 1996 the school names were changed to Bryman College. Corinthian Schools acquired the San Bernardino campus in 1982, the San Jose Campus in 1996, and the City of Industry, Ontario and West Los Angeles campuses in 2000.
Although the original Bryman school was opened in 1960, several of the campuses that have been acquired have founding dates that are much older, with one campus dating its founding to 1907.
Campuses briefs: locations and histories
Alhambra, CA: The Alhambra campus originally opened in Rosemead in 1968 and moved to its current location in May 2004.
Anaheim, CA: The Anaheim campus originally opened in 1969. In July 1994, the school moved to the city of Orange. The school moved back to Anaheim in December 1999.
City of Industry, CA: The City of Industry campus, previously known as “Whittier College of Technology” has been in existence since 1969. It was acquired by Educorp, Inc. in 1988 and in 1990 was renamed Nova Institute of Health Technology. Corinthian Colleges, Inc. acquired the College in October 2000 and its name was changed to Bryman College. In 1994, the College was granted approval as a degree granting institution by the Bureau for Private Postsecondary and Vocational Education under California Education Code Section §94310, and moved to its current facility. This campus is a branch campus of National Institute of Technology in Long Beach, California. The College moved to its current location in 2004.
Everett, WA: The Everett campus was originally Eton Technical Institute. The history of Eton Technical Institute began in 1962 with Bremerton Business College when it was acquired by George C. and Lois Aloha Bates, who owned and operated the school until their retirement in 1985. In 1985, Mr. Joseph W. Edmonds acquired Bremerton Business College and took the trade name (doing business as) Eton Business College. In July 1985, Eton Business College opened a campus in Seattle. The following June 1986, Puget Sound Institute of Technology was acquired with extensions in Everett, Federal Way, and Seattle. Soon after, in 1986, the main campus of Eton moved to new facilities in Port Orchard where the school spent its first 64 years. In July 1986, Travel Central was purchased. In September 1986, the second campus opened in Federal Way. In May 1987, the third campus opened in Everett. The name of the College was later changed to Eton Technical Institute in 1987. Eton Technical Institute was then purchased by Career Choices, Inc. in late 1999, and became Eton Educational, Inc. doing business as (DBA) Eton Technical Institute. In 2000, Eton's Everett campus moved to its spacious facility in the Everett Mall Office Park. Eton Technical Institute opened its fourth campus in Tacoma in 2003.
Gardena, CA: The Gardena campus was founded in 1968. In February 1998, the College relocated to its present location. The College is located in the Gardena Medical Plaza, which is a multi-story building with a contemporary marble lobby with an open atrium to the second floor.
Hayward, CA: The Hayward campus originally opened in 1970 in San Jose. In 1989, a branch of this facility opened in New Orleans. The College moved to a new location in San Jose in January 1998 and moved into its current location in Hayward in September 2001. It closed in July 2014.
L.A. Wilshire, CA: The Los Angeles campus is the original Bryman campus that opened in 1960.
Lynnwood, WA
Ontario, CA: The Ontario campus was founded in 1986 as American Academy for Career Education, and was renamed Nova Institute of Health Technology and was acquired in 1991 by LaLa Educorp, Inc. Corinthian Colleges acquired the Institute in October 2000 and its name was then changed to Bryman College. In January 2005 the College moved to a modern business park in Ontario near the Ontario International Airport.
Bremerton, WA: The Port Orchard campus was originally Eton Technical Institute. The history of Eton Technical Institute began in 1962 with Bremerton Business College when it was acquired by George C. and Lois Aloha Bates, who owned and operated the school until their retirement in 1985. In 1985, Mr. Joseph W. Edmonds acquired Bremerton Business College and took the trade name (doing business as) Eton Business College. In July 1985, Eton Business College opened a campus in Seattle. The following June 1986, Puget Sound Institute of Technology was acquired with extensions in Everett, Federal Way, and Seattle.
Renton, WA
Reseda, CA: The campus in Canoga Park first opened in 1970. In 1988, the city of Canoga Park reorganized its postal boundaries, and the College's address became Winnetka. The College moved to its present Reseda address in August 1998.
San Bernardino, CA: The San Bernardino campus is the oldest private business college in San Bernardino County and has been in continuous operation since 1907. The College achieved Associates of Arts degree granting status in January 2003. The College was founded by Mr. and Mrs. George Longmire and operated under the name of Longmire's Business College until 1945, when it became Skadron College of Business. National Education Corporation acquired the college in 1982. In 1983, the name of the college was changed to National Education Center - Skadron College of Business Campus. The college was acquired by Corinthian Schools, Inc. in July 1995. The college name was later changed to Bryman College.
San Francisco, CA: The San Francisco campus began offering classes in 1970. The College moved to its current location in July 1998.
San Jose North, CA: The San Jose campus was founded in December 1970 as Andon College, a vocational postsecondary education center in the allied health field. Concorde Career Colleges, Inc. purchased the College in May 1984, at which time the name was changed to Clayton Career College. In response to continued growth the school relocated to expanded facilities in 1989. At that time, the school’s name was changed to Concorde Career Institute. Corinthian Schools, Inc. acquired the school in August 1996, and the school name was changed to Bryman College. In February 1997, the College moved to its current location. The College expanded its facilities with the acquisition of additional space in September 2001. The College is located on the west side of San Jose.
SeaTac, WA:
St. Louis, MO: The St Louis campus opened in early 2005 and is the first Bryman College to open its doors in the state of Missouri. The St Louis campus is a branch of the Port Orchard campus, which is located in Washington. The main campus in Port Orchard, formerly known as Eton, was founded in 1922 by W.B. Barger, and established as Bremerton Business College to serve the Bremerton and Kitsap Peninsula areas of the State of Washington. The main campus of Eton moved to new facilities in Port Orchard in 1986. In 1987 the branch campus in Everett was opened, and in 2003 the Tacoma campus was opened. In 2003 Corinthian Colleges acquired Career Choices, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiary Eton Education, Inc.
Tacoma, WA: The Tacoma campus was originally Eton Technical Institute. The history of Eton Technical Institute began in 1962 with Bremerton Business College when it was acquired by George C. and Lois Aloha Bates, who owned and operated the school until their retirement in 1985. In 1985, Mr. Joseph W. Edmonds acquired Bremerton Business College and took the trade name (doing business as) Eton Business College. In July 1985, Eton Business College opened a campus in Seattle. The following June 1986, Puget Sound Institute of Technology was acquired with extensions in Everett, Federal Way, and Seattle.
Torrance, CA: Bryman College in Torrance was founded in 1994 as Harbor Medical College for the purpose of providing high-quality, entry-level training designed to help meet the needs of the medical community. The College’s first class in Electronic Medical Claims Processing began in September of that year. Corinthian Schools, Inc. purchased the College in January 2000. In July 2002, the College name was changed to Bryman College.
West Los Angeles: The West Los Angeles campus was founded in 1987 as a branch of Educorp Career College. The school became a freestanding institution in 1990. Corinthian Colleges, Inc. acquired the Institute in October 2000, and its name was changed to Bryman College.
Controversies
Washington
In April 2005 the college was sued by some of its students at the Tacoma, Washington campus who claimed they did not receive proper training for their careers in medical assistant program, that they were misled about the program’s accreditation status, their eligibility to take a national certification exam, the transferability of their credits and the availability of internships.
Settlement with State of California, 2007
In July 2007, the California Attorney General threatened to file suit against Corinthian Colleges, corporate parent of National Institute of Technology, unless it settled allegations that it has misrepresented its placement statistics; the school had been under investigation by the state attorney general's office for over 18 months. According to a case filed in Los Angeles County Superior Court, Corinthian Colleges "engaged in a persistent pattern of unlawful conduct" by overstating the percentage of those who obtained employment from its courses, inflated information on starting salaries and made misleading or false statements about which programs it was authorized to offer and which were approved by the California Department of Education. The suit stated that Corinthian's "own records show that a substantial percentage of students do not complete the programs and, of those who complete the program, a large majority do not successfully obtain employment within six months after completing the course." In late July, Corinthian Colleges agreed to pay $6.5 million to settle a lawsuit alleging that the chain engaged in unlawful business practices by exaggerating its record of placing students in well-paying jobs; the amount included $5.8 million in restitution to students as well as $500,000 in civil damages and $200,000 in court costs.
Financial issues
In July 2014, Bryman shut down its four schools in the San Francisco Bay Area.
References
External links
Bryman College
Everest Colleges, Institutes and Universities
Students sue Bryman College, The News Tribune, April 12, 2005
Former for-profit universities and colleges in the United States
Universities and colleges established in 1960
1960 establishments in California
Educational institutions disestablished in 2014
Corinthian Colleges
|
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"content": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bryman%20College",
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"content": "Bryman College was a system of for-profit colleges in the United States. Bryman College became Everest College in April 2007 and returned to the Bryman name after BioHealth Colleges purchased the San Jose, Hayward, San Francisco and Los Angeles-Wilshire locations.\n\nOn July 25, 2014, the school ceased operations after filing for Chapter 11 bankruptcy and officially shut down all of its campuses.\n\nHistory and locations\nThe original Bryman Schools were founded in 1960 by Mrs. Esther Bryman as the Los Angeles Colleges of Medical and Dental Assistants. In 1975, The Bryman Schools were acquired by National Education Corporation. In 1983, the school names were changed to National Education Center Bryman Campus. Corinthian Schools, Inc. acquired the schools in July 1995. In June 1996 the school names were changed to Bryman College. Corinthian Schools acquired the San Bernardino campus in 1982, the San Jose Campus in 1996, and the City of Industry, Ontario and West Los Angeles campuses in 2000.\n\nAlthough the original Bryman school was opened in 1960, several of the campuses that have been acquired have founding dates that are much older, with one campus dating its founding to 1907.\n\nCampuses briefs: locations and histories\nAlhambra, CA: The Alhambra campus originally opened in Rosemead in 1968 and moved to its current location in May 2004.\n Anaheim, CA: The Anaheim campus originally opened in 1969. In July 1994, the school moved to the city of Orange. The school moved back to Anaheim in December 1999.\nCity of Industry, CA: The City of Industry campus, previously known as “Whittier College of Technology” has been in existence since 1969. It was acquired by Educorp, Inc. in 1988 and in 1990 was renamed Nova Institute of Health Technology. Corinthian Colleges, Inc. acquired the College in October 2000 and its name was changed to Bryman College. In 1994, the College was granted approval as a degree granting institution by the Bureau for Private Postsecondary and Vocational Education under California Education Code Section §94310, and moved to its current facility. This campus is a branch campus of National Institute of Technology in Long Beach, California. The College moved to its current location in 2004.\nEverett, WA: The Everett campus was originally Eton Technical Institute. The history of Eton Technical Institute began in 1962 with Bremerton Business College when it was acquired by George C. and Lois Aloha Bates, who owned and operated the school until their retirement in 1985. In 1985, Mr. Joseph W. Edmonds acquired Bremerton Business College and took the trade name (doing business as) Eton Business College. In July 1985, Eton Business College opened a campus in Seattle. The following June 1986, Puget Sound Institute of Technology was acquired with extensions in Everett, Federal Way, and Seattle. Soon after, in 1986, the main campus of Eton moved to new facilities in Port Orchard where the school spent its first 64 years. In July 1986, Travel Central was purchased. In September 1986, the second campus opened in Federal Way. In May 1987, the third campus opened in Everett. The name of the College was later changed to Eton Technical Institute in 1987. Eton Technical Institute was then purchased by Career Choices, Inc. in late 1999, and became Eton Educational, Inc. doing business as (DBA) Eton Technical Institute. In 2000, Eton's Everett campus moved to its spacious facility in the Everett Mall Office Park. Eton Technical Institute opened its fourth campus in Tacoma in 2003.\nGardena, CA: The Gardena campus was founded in 1968. In February 1998, the College relocated to its present location. The College is located in the Gardena Medical Plaza, which is a multi-story building with a contemporary marble lobby with an open atrium to the second floor.\nHayward, CA: The Hayward campus originally opened in 1970 in San Jose. In 1989, a branch of this facility opened in New Orleans. The College moved to a new location in San Jose in January 1998 and moved into its current location in Hayward in September 2001. It closed in July 2014.\nL.A. Wilshire, CA: The Los Angeles campus is the original Bryman campus that opened in 1960.\nLynnwood, WA\nOntario, CA: The Ontario campus was founded in 1986 as American Academy for Career Education, and was renamed Nova Institute of Health Technology and was acquired in 1991 by LaLa Educorp, Inc. Corinthian Colleges acquired the Institute in October 2000 and its name was then changed to Bryman College. In January 2005 the College moved to a modern business park in Ontario near the Ontario International Airport.\nBremerton, WA: The Port Orchard campus was originally Eton Technical Institute. The history of Eton Technical Institute began in 1962 with Bremerton Business College when it was acquired by George C. and Lois Aloha Bates, who owned and operated the school until their retirement in 1985. In 1985, Mr. Joseph W. Edmonds acquired Bremerton Business College and took the trade name (doing business as) Eton Business College. In July 1985, Eton Business College opened a campus in Seattle. The following June 1986, Puget Sound Institute of Technology was acquired with extensions in Everett, Federal Way, and Seattle.\nRenton, WA\nReseda, CA: The campus in Canoga Park first opened in 1970. In 1988, the city of Canoga Park reorganized its postal boundaries, and the College's address became Winnetka. The College moved to its present Reseda address in August 1998.\nSan Bernardino, CA: The San Bernardino campus is the oldest private business college in San Bernardino County and has been in continuous operation since 1907. The College achieved Associates of Arts degree granting status in January 2003. The College was founded by Mr. and Mrs. George Longmire and operated under the name of Longmire's Business College until 1945, when it became Skadron College of Business. National Education Corporation acquired the college in 1982. In 1983, the name of the college was changed to National Education Center - Skadron College of Business Campus. The college was acquired by Corinthian Schools, Inc. in July 1995. The college name was later changed to Bryman College.\nSan Francisco, CA: The San Francisco campus began offering classes in 1970. The College moved to its current location in July 1998.\nSan Jose North, CA: The San Jose campus was founded in December 1970 as Andon College, a vocational postsecondary education center in the allied health field. Concorde Career Colleges, Inc. purchased the College in May 1984, at which time the name was changed to Clayton Career College. In response to continued growth the school relocated to expanded facilities in 1989. At that time, the school’s name was changed to Concorde Career Institute. Corinthian Schools, Inc. acquired the school in August 1996, and the school name was changed to Bryman College. In February 1997, the College moved to its current location. The College expanded its facilities with the acquisition of additional space in September 2001. The College is located on the west side of San Jose.\nSeaTac, WA:\nSt. Louis, MO: The St Louis campus opened in early 2005 and is the first Bryman College to open its doors in the state of Missouri. The St Louis campus is a branch of the Port Orchard campus, which is located in Washington. The main campus in Port Orchard, formerly known as Eton, was founded in 1922 by W.B. Barger, and established as Bremerton Business College to serve the Bremerton and Kitsap Peninsula areas of the State of Washington. The main campus of Eton moved to new facilities in Port Orchard in 1986. In 1987 the branch campus in Everett was opened, and in 2003 the Tacoma campus was opened. In 2003 Corinthian Colleges acquired Career Choices, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiary Eton Education, Inc.\nTacoma, WA: The Tacoma campus was originally Eton Technical Institute. The history of Eton Technical Institute began in 1962 with Bremerton Business College when it was acquired by George C. and Lois Aloha Bates, who owned and operated the school until their retirement in 1985. In 1985, Mr. Joseph W. Edmonds acquired Bremerton Business College and took the trade name (doing business as) Eton Business College. In July 1985, Eton Business College opened a campus in Seattle. The following June 1986, Puget Sound Institute of Technology was acquired with extensions in Everett, Federal Way, and Seattle.\nTorrance, CA: Bryman College in Torrance was founded in 1994 as Harbor Medical College for the purpose of providing high-quality, entry-level training designed to help meet the needs of the medical community. The College’s first class in Electronic Medical Claims Processing began in September of that year. Corinthian Schools, Inc. purchased the College in January 2000. In July 2002, the College name was changed to Bryman College.\nWest Los Angeles: The West Los Angeles campus was founded in 1987 as a branch of Educorp Career College. The school became a freestanding institution in 1990. Corinthian Colleges, Inc. acquired the Institute in October 2000, and its name was changed to Bryman College.\n\nControversies\n\nWashington\nIn April 2005 the college was sued by some of its students at the Tacoma, Washington campus who claimed they did not receive proper training for their careers in medical assistant program, that they were misled about the program’s accreditation status, their eligibility to take a national certification exam, the transferability of their credits and the availability of internships.\n\nSettlement with State of California, 2007\nIn July 2007, the California Attorney General threatened to file suit against Corinthian Colleges, corporate parent of National Institute of Technology, unless it settled allegations that it has misrepresented its placement statistics; the school had been under investigation by the state attorney general's office for over 18 months. According to a case filed in Los Angeles County Superior Court, Corinthian Colleges \"engaged in a persistent pattern of unlawful conduct\" by overstating the percentage of those who obtained employment from its courses, inflated information on starting salaries and made misleading or false statements about which programs it was authorized to offer and which were approved by the California Department of Education. The suit stated that Corinthian's \"own records show that a substantial percentage of students do not complete the programs and, of those who complete the program, a large majority do not successfully obtain employment within six months after completing the course.\" In late July, Corinthian Colleges agreed to pay $6.5 million to settle a lawsuit alleging that the chain engaged in unlawful business practices by exaggerating its record of placing students in well-paying jobs; the amount included $5.8 million in restitution to students as well as $500,000 in civil damages and $200,000 in court costs.\n\nFinancial issues\nIn July 2014, Bryman shut down its four schools in the San Francisco Bay Area.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nBryman College \t\t\nEverest Colleges, Institutes and Universities \t\t\nStudents sue Bryman College, The News Tribune, April 12, 2005\n\nFormer for-profit universities and colleges in the United States\nUniversities and colleges established in 1960\n1960 establishments in California\nEducational institutions disestablished in 2014\nCorinthian Colleges",
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https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziwa%20Mwamba
|
ni ziwa dogo la Uganda (wilaya ya Kabarole) lililopo katika kasoko ya volikano.
Marejeo
Maziwa ya Uganda
Wilaya ya Kabarole
|
[
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},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziwa%20Mwamba",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "ni ziwa dogo la Uganda (wilaya ya Kabarole) lililopo katika kasoko ya volikano.\n\nMarejeo \n\nMaziwa ya Uganda\nWilaya ya Kabarole",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
Thomas Menino
|
Thomas Michael Menino (27 Desemba 1942 - 30 Oktoba 2014) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa Marekani ambaye aliwahi kuwa meya wa 53 wa Boston, kutoka 1993 hadi 2014. Alikuwa meya wa muda mrefu zaidi wa jiji hilo.
Alichaguliwa kuwa meya mwaka 1993 baada ya kutumikia nafasi ya "kaimu meya" kwa miezi mitatu. alichaguliwa kuwa meya baada ya kujiuzulu kwa mtangulizi wake Raymond Flynn (aliyekuwa ameteuliwa kuwa balozi wa Marekani katika Ukulu mtakatifu). Kabla ya kutumikia kama meya, Menino alikuwa mjumbe wa Halmashauri ya Jiji la Boston na alichaguliwa kuwa rais wa Halmashauri ya Jiji hilo mnamo 1993.
Marejeo
Waliozaliwa 1942
Waliofariki 2014
Wanasiasa wa Marekani
USLW Iringa
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Thomas Menino",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Thomas Michael Menino (27 Desemba 1942 - 30 Oktoba 2014) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa Marekani ambaye aliwahi kuwa meya wa 53 wa Boston, kutoka 1993 hadi 2014. Alikuwa meya wa muda mrefu zaidi wa jiji hilo. \n\nAlichaguliwa kuwa meya mwaka 1993 baada ya kutumikia nafasi ya \"kaimu meya\" kwa miezi mitatu. alichaguliwa kuwa meya baada ya kujiuzulu kwa mtangulizi wake Raymond Flynn (aliyekuwa ameteuliwa kuwa balozi wa Marekani katika Ukulu mtakatifu). Kabla ya kutumikia kama meya, Menino alikuwa mjumbe wa Halmashauri ya Jiji la Boston na alichaguliwa kuwa rais wa Halmashauri ya Jiji hilo mnamo 1993.\n\nMarejeo \n\nWaliozaliwa 1942\nWaliofariki 2014\nWanasiasa wa Marekani\nUSLW Iringa",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kellelo%20Justina%20Mafoso-Guni
|
Kellelo Justina Mafoso-Guni (amezaliwa Hlotse, Lesotho, Desemba 8, 1945) ni jaji wa zamani wa mahakama ya Afrika ya Haki za Binadamu na Mahakama Kuu ya Lesotho, ambapo alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza.
Maisha ya Awali na Elimu
Mafoso-Guni alizaliwa Hlotse mnamo Desemba 8, 1945. Alisomea sheria katika Chuo Kikuu cha Lesotho na Chuo Kikuu cha Edinburgh.
Kazi
Mafoso-Guni aliteuliwa kama Wakili wa Taji nchini Lesotho mnamo 1970. Kisha akahamia Uingereza na kufanya kazi katika utumishi wa umma kwa miaka kumi na mbili. Alirudi Afrika na aliteuliwa kuwa hakimu nchini Zimbabwe tarehe 28 Septemba 1980, mwanamke wa kwanza aliyeteuliwa kwenye benchi. Alitumikia huko kwa miaka kumi na mbili. [2] Vyanzo vingine vimesema kimakosa kwamba Mavis Gibson alikuwa jaji wa kwanza mwanamke katika historia ya Zimbabwe. Wakati Gibson aliwahi kuwa jaji nchini Zimbabwe, alikuwa kweli Mahakama Kuu ya jaji wa kwanza wa kike wa Namibia.
Mafoso-Guni alirudi Lesotho na aliteuliwa katika Mahakama Kuu ya Lesotho, tena kama jaji wa kwanza mwanamke. [2] Mnamo 2006, alichaguliwa kama mmoja wa majaji wa kwanza wa Mahakama ya Afrika ya Haki za Binadamu na Watu kwa kipindi cha miaka minne, mmoja wa wanawake wawili pamoja na Sophia Akuffo.
Machapisho
Guni, Kelello (1990). "Tatizo la Utupaji-Mtoto Zimbabwe". Karatasi ya Kufanya kazi. Chuo Kikuu cha Oslo, Taasisi ya Sheria ya Wanawake. 26.
Mafoso-Guni, Kelello (1994). Ripoti juu ya Warsha ya Wabunge iliyofanyika tarehe 16 Novemba, 1994: Maseru Sun Cabanas. FIDA
Maandishi ya kimahakama
Ntsapo Petlane (Born Makunya) v Mathe Petlane & Another (Wasaidiwa kihalali). CIV / APN / 476/9825. Agosti 1999
R. Potoketsi dhidi ya Rex. CRI / A / 22/98. 15 Februari 1999
African Oxygen Ltd v. Stm Marketing & Agency Ltd na nyingine. CIV / APN / 191/99, CIV / APN / 270/99. 7 Aprili 2000
Benki ya Ned (Lesotho) Ltd dhidi ya Shirika la Maendeleo la Sotho (Pty) Ltd. CIV / T / 450/99. 23 Mei 2000
Rex dhidi ya Lisebo Mokhoro. CRI / T / 39/96. 24 Novemba 2000.
Theresia Leoma dhidi ya Makhang Leoma. CIV / APN / 465/99, CIV / APN / 520/99. 8 Agosti 2000.
Marejeo
Wanawake wa Lesotho
Editathon 2021-06 Morogor
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kellelo%20Justina%20Mafoso-Guni",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Kellelo Justina Mafoso-Guni (amezaliwa Hlotse, Lesotho, Desemba 8, 1945) ni jaji wa zamani wa mahakama ya Afrika ya Haki za Binadamu na Mahakama Kuu ya Lesotho, ambapo alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza.\n\nMaisha ya Awali na Elimu \nMafoso-Guni alizaliwa Hlotse mnamo Desemba 8, 1945. Alisomea sheria katika Chuo Kikuu cha Lesotho na Chuo Kikuu cha Edinburgh.\n\nKazi\nMafoso-Guni aliteuliwa kama Wakili wa Taji nchini Lesotho mnamo 1970. Kisha akahamia Uingereza na kufanya kazi katika utumishi wa umma kwa miaka kumi na mbili. Alirudi Afrika na aliteuliwa kuwa hakimu nchini Zimbabwe tarehe 28 Septemba 1980, mwanamke wa kwanza aliyeteuliwa kwenye benchi. Alitumikia huko kwa miaka kumi na mbili. [2] Vyanzo vingine vimesema kimakosa kwamba Mavis Gibson alikuwa jaji wa kwanza mwanamke katika historia ya Zimbabwe. Wakati Gibson aliwahi kuwa jaji nchini Zimbabwe, alikuwa kweli Mahakama Kuu ya jaji wa kwanza wa kike wa Namibia. \n\nMafoso-Guni alirudi Lesotho na aliteuliwa katika Mahakama Kuu ya Lesotho, tena kama jaji wa kwanza mwanamke. [2] Mnamo 2006, alichaguliwa kama mmoja wa majaji wa kwanza wa Mahakama ya Afrika ya Haki za Binadamu na Watu kwa kipindi cha miaka minne, mmoja wa wanawake wawili pamoja na Sophia Akuffo.\n\nMachapisho\nGuni, Kelello (1990). \"Tatizo la Utupaji-Mtoto Zimbabwe\". Karatasi ya Kufanya kazi. Chuo Kikuu cha Oslo, Taasisi ya Sheria ya Wanawake. 26.\n\nMafoso-Guni, Kelello (1994). Ripoti juu ya Warsha ya Wabunge iliyofanyika tarehe 16 Novemba, 1994: Maseru Sun Cabanas. FIDA\n\nMaandishi ya kimahakama\nNtsapo Petlane (Born Makunya) v Mathe Petlane & Another (Wasaidiwa kihalali). CIV / APN / 476/9825. Agosti 1999\n\nR. Potoketsi dhidi ya Rex. CRI / A / 22/98. 15 Februari 1999\n\nAfrican Oxygen Ltd v. Stm Marketing & Agency Ltd na nyingine. CIV / APN / 191/99, CIV / APN / 270/99. 7 Aprili 2000\n\nBenki ya Ned (Lesotho) Ltd dhidi ya Shirika la Maendeleo la Sotho (Pty) Ltd. CIV / T / 450/99. 23 Mei 2000\n\nRex dhidi ya Lisebo Mokhoro. CRI / T / 39/96. 24 Novemba 2000.\n\nTheresia Leoma dhidi ya Makhang Leoma. CIV / APN / 465/99, CIV / APN / 520/99. 8 Agosti 2000.\n\nMarejeo \n\nWanawake wa Lesotho\nEditathon 2021-06 Morogor",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuevo%20Le%C3%B3n
|
Nuevo León (León mpya, ufalme wa kale katika Hispania) ni moja kati ya majimbo 31 ya Mexiko upande wa kaskazini-mashariki ya nchi. Mji mkuu na mji mkubwa ni Monterrey.
Imepakana na Coahuila, Tamaulipas na San Luis Potosí. Upande wa kaskazini kuna mpeka na Marekani (kilomita 15 pekee).
Jimbo lina wakazi wapatao 4,199,292 (2005) wanaokalia katika eneo la kilomita za mraba zipatazo 64,210.
Gavana wa jimbo ni Natividad González Parás.
Lugha rasmi ni Kihispania.
Miji Mikubwa
Monterrey (1,133,814)
Guadalupe (691,931)
San Nicolás de los Garza (476,761)
Santa Catarina (259,896)
San Pedro Garza García (122,009)
Viungo vya Nje
Estado de Nuevo León Sitio oficial
Majimbo ya Mexiko
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuevo%20Le%C3%B3n",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Nuevo León (León mpya, ufalme wa kale katika Hispania) ni moja kati ya majimbo 31 ya Mexiko upande wa kaskazini-mashariki ya nchi. Mji mkuu na mji mkubwa ni Monterrey. \n\nImepakana na Coahuila, Tamaulipas na San Luis Potosí. Upande wa kaskazini kuna mpeka na Marekani (kilomita 15 pekee).\n\nJimbo lina wakazi wapatao 4,199,292 (2005) wanaokalia katika eneo la kilomita za mraba zipatazo 64,210.\n\nGavana wa jimbo ni Natividad González Parás.\n\nLugha rasmi ni Kihispania.\n\nMiji Mikubwa \n Monterrey (1,133,814)\n Guadalupe (691,931)\n San Nicolás de los Garza (476,761)\n Santa Catarina (259,896)\n San Pedro Garza García (122,009)\n\nViungo vya Nje \n Estado de Nuevo León Sitio oficial\n\nMajimbo ya Mexiko",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry%20Bingham%20Baring
|
Henry Bingham Baring (4 March 1804 – 25 April 1869) was a British Conservative Party politician. He was the son of Henry Baring and Maria Matilda Bingham, daughter of American-born statesman William Bingham. Bingham was a half-brother of Evelyn Baring, 1st Earl of Cromer and a member of the distinguished Baring family.
He entered the House of Commons in 1831 as Member of Parliament for the rotten borough of Callington in Cornwall. When Callington was disenfranchised the following year, he was returned for the Marlborough constituency in Wiltshire, and held his seat until 1868.
See also
Baron Ashburton
References
thePeerage.com
External links
1804 births
1869 deaths
Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies
Presidents of the Oxford Union
UK MPs 1831–1832
UK MPs 1832–1835
UK MPs 1835–1837
UK MPs 1837–1841
UK MPs 1841–1847
UK MPs 1847–1852
UK MPs 1852–1857
UK MPs 1857–1859
UK MPs 1859–1865
UK MPs 1865–1868
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for constituencies in Cornwall
Henry
British people of American descent
British people of German descent
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry%20Bingham%20Baring",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Henry Bingham Baring (4 March 1804 – 25 April 1869) was a British Conservative Party politician. He was the son of Henry Baring and Maria Matilda Bingham, daughter of American-born statesman William Bingham. Bingham was a half-brother of Evelyn Baring, 1st Earl of Cromer and a member of the distinguished Baring family.\n\nHe entered the House of Commons in 1831 as Member of Parliament for the rotten borough of Callington in Cornwall. When Callington was disenfranchised the following year, he was returned for the Marlborough constituency in Wiltshire, and held his seat until 1868.\n\nSee also \nBaron Ashburton\n\nReferences \n \n thePeerage.com\n\nExternal links\n \n\n1804 births\n1869 deaths\nConservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies\nPresidents of the Oxford Union\nUK MPs 1831–1832\nUK MPs 1832–1835\nUK MPs 1835–1837\nUK MPs 1837–1841\nUK MPs 1841–1847\nUK MPs 1847–1852\nUK MPs 1852–1857\nUK MPs 1857–1859\nUK MPs 1859–1865\nUK MPs 1865–1868\nMembers of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for constituencies in Cornwall\nHenry\nBritish people of American descent\nBritish people of German descent",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nge-bila-mkia
|
Nge-bila-mkia ni arithropodi wa oda Pseudoscorpiones katika ngeli Arachnida. Kinyume na nge wa kawaida wadudu hawa hawana mkia, kwa hivyo jina lao. Ukubwa wao ni mdogo sana: mm 2-8; spishi kubwa kabisa (Garypus titanius) ina mm 12 tu. Wanatokea mahali popote ambapo wanaweza kukamata wadudu wadogo: chini ya gamba la miti, katika takataka za majani, katika ardhi, chini ya mawe, katika nyufa za miamba, katika mapango na katika pwaji ya ufuko. Kama arakinida wote wana miguu minane. Pedipalpi zao zinafanana na zile za nge zenye magando ambayo yana kidole kinachoweza kusogea. Kidole hiki kina tezi ya sumu inayoingizwa katika mawindo. Maji ya umeng'enyaji yakamuliwa kwa windo na baada ya kumeng'enya chakula myeyuko ufyondwa. Nge-bila-mkia wanaweza kusokota hariri kama buibui lakini matezi hayapo katika mwisho wa fumbatio lakini katika kelisera (chelicerae). Kwa hariri hii hutengeneza kifukofuko kwa umbo wa sahani kinachotumika kwa kupandana, kuambua au kungoja mwisho wa hali ya hewa baridi.
Picha
Nge-bila-mkia
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nge-bila-mkia",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Nge-bila-mkia ni arithropodi wa oda Pseudoscorpiones katika ngeli Arachnida. Kinyume na nge wa kawaida wadudu hawa hawana mkia, kwa hivyo jina lao. Ukubwa wao ni mdogo sana: mm 2-8; spishi kubwa kabisa (Garypus titanius) ina mm 12 tu. Wanatokea mahali popote ambapo wanaweza kukamata wadudu wadogo: chini ya gamba la miti, katika takataka za majani, katika ardhi, chini ya mawe, katika nyufa za miamba, katika mapango na katika pwaji ya ufuko. Kama arakinida wote wana miguu minane. Pedipalpi zao zinafanana na zile za nge zenye magando ambayo yana kidole kinachoweza kusogea. Kidole hiki kina tezi ya sumu inayoingizwa katika mawindo. Maji ya umeng'enyaji yakamuliwa kwa windo na baada ya kumeng'enya chakula myeyuko ufyondwa. Nge-bila-mkia wanaweza kusokota hariri kama buibui lakini matezi hayapo katika mwisho wa fumbatio lakini katika kelisera (chelicerae). Kwa hariri hii hutengeneza kifukofuko kwa umbo wa sahani kinachotumika kwa kupandana, kuambua au kungoja mwisho wa hali ya hewa baridi.\n\nPicha\n\nNge-bila-mkia",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziwa%20Chibwera
|
ni ziwa dogo la Uganda (wilaya ya Rubirizi) lililopo katika kasoko ya volikano.
Marejeo
Maziwa ya Uganda
Wilaya ya Rubirizi
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziwa%20Chibwera",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "ni ziwa dogo la Uganda (wilaya ya Rubirizi) lililopo katika kasoko ya volikano.\n\nMarejeo \n\nMaziwa ya Uganda\nWilaya ya Rubirizi",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%20Married%20a%20Strange%20Person%21
|
I Married a Strange Person! is a 1997 American independent adult animated comedy film by Bill Plympton.
Plot
As the film begins, a brown bird in flight becomes infatuated with a blue bird, and they begin to mate in midair. After passing through a cloud they fall into a nosedive, eventually striking a satellite dish on top of a house belonging to Mr. Grant Boyer- Grant is then struck by a beam of mysterious energy. Soon afterward- and now married to a woman named Keri- a strange power begins to manifest itself in Grant which seems to wildly affect the state of reality, people and objects based on his whims, daydreams, and imagination. This frightens his wife Keri while they try to make love, and they both soon travel to her parents' house to have dinner while discussing this problem with her mother. Her parents express that they did approve of her Keri's marriage to Grant, and at dinner Grant's powers are inflicted upon Keri's mother and father through insects and musical instrumentation while Grant initiates a dance with his confused wife.
We are then introduced to a broadcasting company called Smilecorp, which is in desperate need of higher ratings. Lead by a power-hungry man named Larson P. Giles, he proceeds to demonstrate his militant cruelty upon his television show pitchmen through the use of his sadistic underling: Col. Ferguson. Back at Grant's home he witnesses his next-door neighbor Bud Sweeny cutting his lawn, and proceeds to assist the grass by anthropomorphizing it- the grass then attempts to eliminate Bud with his own mower, though he is saved by Grant who transforms the mower into a large, friendly caterpillar. While Grant stands perplexed by what he both did and witnessed, Bud runs into his house to call the popular Jackie Jason Variety Show and inform them of Grant's amazing powers. Meanwhile, Keri Boyer lies crying and wondering about her husband, though when Grant tries to comfort her about the lasting nature of their love Keri becomes overweight with wrinkles temporarily and to her great terror. After making up, they proceed to make love- though Keri grows increasingly frustrated with Grant's inability to control his wild powers, affecting her for the duration of the scene.
Grant later readies for an appearance on the Jackie Jason Show, sharing a dressing room with a once legendary yet now washed-up comic named Solly Jim; Grant confides to Solly that his wife Keri may leave him due to his bizarre condition and the commotion it has caused. Solly goes on first but does quite badly with his act; it is then shown that a boil-like bump on the back of Grant's neck is the source of his chaotic abilities. After saving Solly's act the comedian gives Grant his business card and address, offering his future services in gratitude for his aid, though as Grant walks onto the set an attendant covers his boil with a bandage which prevents his powers from being used. After struggling for a time, the bandage falls off causing an immense amount of power to manifest from Grant which partially destroys the studio. This event both boosts the Jackie Jason Show's ratings greatly as well as catching the attention of Smilecorp and its leader Larson P. Giles. Larson commands his Col. Ferguson to bring Grant Boyer back to him alive, much to the Colonel's detriment.
Back at home Grant's wife Keri has shut herself away from him to think her life through; it is at this moment that Col. Fergsuon arrives with Smilecorp tanks and infantry to capture him. Meanwhile, Larson has deduced through observation and x-rays of Grant that a strange beam of light- reflected by the bent satellite dish on top of his house and various other objects on his property- had created the boil on the back of his neck when the two birds struck it at the start of the film. Larson seeks to harness and control this power, though Grant manages to elude the Smilecorp captors with both his powers and with the help of the friendly caterpillar from earlier. Colonel Ferguson meanwhile deals with his failure and the new reptilian transformation that Grant enacted upon him to aid in his escape.
While Keri goes home to her parents' house with Col. Ferguson in pursuit, Grant seeks refuge at comedian Solly Jim's home to ask for help. However, Solly Jim betrays him and informs the Colonel of his location, though at her parents' house Keri hears of her husband's plight and tricks the Colonel into revealing to her Grant's location. His soldiers pursue her, but she manages to escape in pursuit of helping Grant. Back at Smilecorp, Solly demands that Larson P. Giles reward him for capturing Grant, but he ends up in a stand off between Larson, Ferguson, and Smiles (a Smilecorp TV mascot). Solly tricks them all and gains the upper hand, removing Grant's boil with the intention of implanting the brain fragment (a powerful extension of Grant's lobe) into his own neck to become the greatest comic alive. The boil seems to reject him, though, and splits him in half causing his death. Ferguson then takes the lobe for himself, implanting it into his neck to restore his human form and grant his body untold military power. The lobe soon rejects and kills him as well, though Keri Boyer tricks Larson disguised as a nurse and flees with both the boil and her husband.
Crashing out of a window with Grant in a wheelchair and under machinegun fire, Keri fashions a parachute in order to land safely below while confessing her true feelings to him. When the parachute is damaged, the friendly caterpillar (now a butterfly) saves them from falling while dropping them safely into a red convertible. After Grant and Keri defeat several more Smilecorp forces, Larson unleashes a massive and powerful new tank to finish them off. Once again, though, the butterfly comes to Grant's aid and drops a crazed soldier on top of the tank's turret- this causes the tank to destroy the Smilecorp building (which in turn topples onto the tank, destroying it) which allows Grant and Keri to escape.
Just when all seems well, Larson and Smiley end up landing (from the explosion at Smilecorp) in Grant's car demanding the lobe once again at gunpoint. The car proceeds to crash, but Larson and Smiley succeed in retrieving the lobe from Keri, installing into his neck. Larson's face then appears on every TV screen across the entire world, having gotten complete control of global communications. A complication arises though as Larson's head swells into a balloon, lifting both he and mascot Smiley high into the air- just as the two love birds from earlier fly by and pierce Larson's swollen head, causing him to explode violently. After that, a dog walks by and consumes the boil from the ground; this grants it the ability to create massive bones from the sky for its own enjoyment. Keri and Grant- now a rekindled Mr. and Mrs. Boyer- go home to make love once again; however Keri, in the end, begins to exhibit signs that she may have gained some powers from Grant after spending so much time with him.
Cast
Charis Michelsen as Keri Boyer (voice) (as Charis Michaelson)
Tom Larson as Grant Boyer (voice)
Richard Spore as Larson P. Giles (voice)
Chris Cooke as Col. Ferguson (voice)
Ruth Ray as Keri's Mom (voice)
J.B. Adams as Keri's Dad (voice)
John Russo Jr. as Bud Sweeny (voice)
Jennifer Senko as Smiley
John Holderried as Jackie Jason
Etta Valeska as Sex Video Model (voice)
Bill Martone as Announcer
See also
List of animated feature films
Independent animation
Arthouse animation
References
External links
Plymptoons
1997 animated films
1997 films
1990s American animated films
American adult animated films
American animated feature films
American splatter films
Annecy Cristal for a Feature Film winners
Films about shapeshifting
Films directed by Bill Plympton
Lionsgate animated films
Lionsgate films
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%20Married%20a%20Strange%20Person%21",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "I Married a Strange Person! is a 1997 American independent adult animated comedy film by Bill Plympton.\n\nPlot\nAs the film begins, a brown bird in flight becomes infatuated with a blue bird, and they begin to mate in midair. After passing through a cloud they fall into a nosedive, eventually striking a satellite dish on top of a house belonging to Mr. Grant Boyer- Grant is then struck by a beam of mysterious energy. Soon afterward- and now married to a woman named Keri- a strange power begins to manifest itself in Grant which seems to wildly affect the state of reality, people and objects based on his whims, daydreams, and imagination. This frightens his wife Keri while they try to make love, and they both soon travel to her parents' house to have dinner while discussing this problem with her mother. Her parents express that they did approve of her Keri's marriage to Grant, and at dinner Grant's powers are inflicted upon Keri's mother and father through insects and musical instrumentation while Grant initiates a dance with his confused wife.\n\nWe are then introduced to a broadcasting company called Smilecorp, which is in desperate need of higher ratings. Lead by a power-hungry man named Larson P. Giles, he proceeds to demonstrate his militant cruelty upon his television show pitchmen through the use of his sadistic underling: Col. Ferguson. Back at Grant's home he witnesses his next-door neighbor Bud Sweeny cutting his lawn, and proceeds to assist the grass by anthropomorphizing it- the grass then attempts to eliminate Bud with his own mower, though he is saved by Grant who transforms the mower into a large, friendly caterpillar. While Grant stands perplexed by what he both did and witnessed, Bud runs into his house to call the popular Jackie Jason Variety Show and inform them of Grant's amazing powers. Meanwhile, Keri Boyer lies crying and wondering about her husband, though when Grant tries to comfort her about the lasting nature of their love Keri becomes overweight with wrinkles temporarily and to her great terror. After making up, they proceed to make love- though Keri grows increasingly frustrated with Grant's inability to control his wild powers, affecting her for the duration of the scene.\n\nGrant later readies for an appearance on the Jackie Jason Show, sharing a dressing room with a once legendary yet now washed-up comic named Solly Jim; Grant confides to Solly that his wife Keri may leave him due to his bizarre condition and the commotion it has caused. Solly goes on first but does quite badly with his act; it is then shown that a boil-like bump on the back of Grant's neck is the source of his chaotic abilities. After saving Solly's act the comedian gives Grant his business card and address, offering his future services in gratitude for his aid, though as Grant walks onto the set an attendant covers his boil with a bandage which prevents his powers from being used. After struggling for a time, the bandage falls off causing an immense amount of power to manifest from Grant which partially destroys the studio. This event both boosts the Jackie Jason Show's ratings greatly as well as catching the attention of Smilecorp and its leader Larson P. Giles. Larson commands his Col. Ferguson to bring Grant Boyer back to him alive, much to the Colonel's detriment.\n\nBack at home Grant's wife Keri has shut herself away from him to think her life through; it is at this moment that Col. Fergsuon arrives with Smilecorp tanks and infantry to capture him. Meanwhile, Larson has deduced through observation and x-rays of Grant that a strange beam of light- reflected by the bent satellite dish on top of his house and various other objects on his property- had created the boil on the back of his neck when the two birds struck it at the start of the film. Larson seeks to harness and control this power, though Grant manages to elude the Smilecorp captors with both his powers and with the help of the friendly caterpillar from earlier. Colonel Ferguson meanwhile deals with his failure and the new reptilian transformation that Grant enacted upon him to aid in his escape.\n\nWhile Keri goes home to her parents' house with Col. Ferguson in pursuit, Grant seeks refuge at comedian Solly Jim's home to ask for help. However, Solly Jim betrays him and informs the Colonel of his location, though at her parents' house Keri hears of her husband's plight and tricks the Colonel into revealing to her Grant's location. His soldiers pursue her, but she manages to escape in pursuit of helping Grant. Back at Smilecorp, Solly demands that Larson P. Giles reward him for capturing Grant, but he ends up in a stand off between Larson, Ferguson, and Smiles (a Smilecorp TV mascot). Solly tricks them all and gains the upper hand, removing Grant's boil with the intention of implanting the brain fragment (a powerful extension of Grant's lobe) into his own neck to become the greatest comic alive. The boil seems to reject him, though, and splits him in half causing his death. Ferguson then takes the lobe for himself, implanting it into his neck to restore his human form and grant his body untold military power. The lobe soon rejects and kills him as well, though Keri Boyer tricks Larson disguised as a nurse and flees with both the boil and her husband.\n\nCrashing out of a window with Grant in a wheelchair and under machinegun fire, Keri fashions a parachute in order to land safely below while confessing her true feelings to him. When the parachute is damaged, the friendly caterpillar (now a butterfly) saves them from falling while dropping them safely into a red convertible. After Grant and Keri defeat several more Smilecorp forces, Larson unleashes a massive and powerful new tank to finish them off. Once again, though, the butterfly comes to Grant's aid and drops a crazed soldier on top of the tank's turret- this causes the tank to destroy the Smilecorp building (which in turn topples onto the tank, destroying it) which allows Grant and Keri to escape.\n\nJust when all seems well, Larson and Smiley end up landing (from the explosion at Smilecorp) in Grant's car demanding the lobe once again at gunpoint. The car proceeds to crash, but Larson and Smiley succeed in retrieving the lobe from Keri, installing into his neck. Larson's face then appears on every TV screen across the entire world, having gotten complete control of global communications. A complication arises though as Larson's head swells into a balloon, lifting both he and mascot Smiley high into the air- just as the two love birds from earlier fly by and pierce Larson's swollen head, causing him to explode violently. After that, a dog walks by and consumes the boil from the ground; this grants it the ability to create massive bones from the sky for its own enjoyment. Keri and Grant- now a rekindled Mr. and Mrs. Boyer- go home to make love once again; however Keri, in the end, begins to exhibit signs that she may have gained some powers from Grant after spending so much time with him.\n\nCast\n Charis Michelsen as Keri Boyer (voice) (as Charis Michaelson)\n Tom Larson as Grant Boyer (voice)\n Richard Spore as Larson P. Giles (voice)\n Chris Cooke as Col. Ferguson (voice)\n Ruth Ray as Keri's Mom (voice)\n J.B. Adams as Keri's Dad (voice)\n John Russo Jr. as Bud Sweeny (voice)\n Jennifer Senko as Smiley\n John Holderried as Jackie Jason\n Etta Valeska as Sex Video Model (voice)\n Bill Martone as Announcer\n\nSee also\n List of animated feature films\n Independent animation\n Arthouse animation\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n Plymptoons\n \n\n1997 animated films\n1997 films\n1990s American animated films\nAmerican adult animated films\nAmerican animated feature films\nAmerican splatter films\nAnnecy Cristal for a Feature Film winners\nFilms about shapeshifting\nFilms directed by Bill Plympton\nLionsgate animated films\nLionsgate films",
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Lurcy-Lévis
|
Lurcy-Lévis () is a commune on the northern limits the Allier department in Auvergne in central France.
It is around east of Saint-Amand-Montrond and the A71 autoroute and west of (Moulins) and the N7.
Population
Economy
Within Lurcy-Lévis, there is a small Atac supermarket, a tourist information centre and a few specialist shops. Lurcy-Lévis was the home to Sociétie A Baudin a manufacturer of woodworking machines and particular for the machines needed to turn and hollow a full wooden clog.
Sport
Nearby there is also a motor racing test track able to accommodate F1 and F3 racing cars. The Grand Prix circuit of Magny-Cours is only away.
See also
Communes of the Allier department
References
External links
Racetrack site
Communes of Allier
Bourbonnais
Allier communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia
|
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"content": "Lurcy-Lévis () is a commune on the northern limits the Allier department in Auvergne in central France.\n\nIt is around east of Saint-Amand-Montrond and the A71 autoroute and west of (Moulins) and the N7.\n\nPopulation\n\nEconomy\nWithin Lurcy-Lévis, there is a small Atac supermarket, a tourist information centre and a few specialist shops. Lurcy-Lévis was the home to Sociétie A Baudin a manufacturer of woodworking machines and particular for the machines needed to turn and hollow a full wooden clog.\n\nSport\nNearby there is also a motor racing test track able to accommodate F1 and F3 racing cars. The Grand Prix circuit of Magny-Cours is only away.\n\nSee also\nCommunes of the Allier department\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\nRacetrack site\n\nCommunes of Allier\nBourbonnais\nAllier communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia",
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Pandemia
|
Pandemia (kutoka Kigiriki παν pan -ote + δήμος demos watu) inamaanisha uenezi wa ugonjwa wa kuambukiza katika eneo kubwa, kwa mfano bara au hata duniani kote.
Kwa kawaida uenezi wa ugonjwa huitwa "epidemia": neno hili lamaanisha kuongezeka kwa wagonjwa kwenye eneo au kikundi, tena katika kipindi fulani. Kama epidemia inapanuka kimataifa inafikia ngazi ya "pandemia".
Mifano ya pandemia za kihistoria
Historia imehifadhi habari za pandemia mbalimbali. Kwa habari za kale sana si rahisi kuwa na uhakika ulikuwa ugonjwa gani uliosababisha vifo vilivyotajwa.
Lakini tangu zama za kati kuna habari za pandemia za tauni zilizoua milioni kadhaa za watu. Hasa pandemia ya tauni ya karne ya 14 inajulikana iliua watu milioni 25 yaani theluthi moja ya wakazi wa Ulaya wa siku zile.
Katika karne ya 20 ilikuwa hasa pandemia ya homa ya mafua iliyoitwa "influenza ya Kihispania" ambayo iliambukiza watu milioni 500 na kuua milioni 20-25 kote duniani kati ya miaka 1918 na 1920. Inakadiriwa ya kwamba kati yao laki kadhaa walikufa Afrika ya Mashariki.
Tangu mwaka 1980 pandemia ya UKIMWI imeendelea kuenea kote duniani na kuua takriban watu milioni 37 hadi sasa.
Tofauti kati ya pandemia na magonjwa mengine yanayoua
Shirika la Afya Duniani (WHO) imeeleza pandemia kuwa na vigezo 3:
kutokea kwa ugonjwa ambao ni mgeni katika jamii inayoathiriwa
ni wanadamu wanaoambukizwa na kuwa wagonjwa sana
virusi au bakteria zinazosababisha ugonjwa zinaenea kwa urahisi kati ya watu
Si kila ugonjwa unaoua watu wengi unaweza kuitwa pandemia: lazima uwe ugonjwa wa kuambukizwa. Kwa mfano kansa inaua watu wengi lakini si pandemia kwa sababu kansa si ugonjwa wa kuambukiza.
Si kila ugonjwa mkali unaweza kuendelea kuwa pandemia. Maana kama ugonjwa ni mkali mno unaua wahanga wake haraka na hivyo kuzuia uenezi wake. Mfano mmojawapo ni homa ya Ebola ambayo ni kati ya magonjwa hatari zaidi, lakini haikuendelea kupitia ngazi ya epidemia.
Uenezi wa pandemia
Leo hii pandemia zinaenea hasa kwa kufuata njia za mawasiliano kwa eropleni. UKIMWI iliyokuwa tatizo la kieneo likaenea kwa njia ya utalii wa kimataifa kuwa ugonjwa unaopatikana kote duniani.
Wakati wa pandemia ya SARS mwaka 2002/2003 ilionekana ya kwamba katika Asia, yenye asili ya maambukizo ugonjwa ulienea kwa kasi ya wastani, ila huko Kanada idadi ilianza kuongezeka haraka - kutokana na kufika kwa watalii na wafanyabiashara waliorudi kwao kutoka Asia kwa ndege.
Tauni ilifika Ulaya kwa njia ya meli za biashara kutoka Asia.
Magonjwa yalienea hata zamani pasipo usafiri wa kisasa lakini uenezi ulikuwa wa polepole zaidi na mara nyingi jiografia ilizuia kufika kwa magonjwa fulani kwenye visiwa au ng'ambo ya milima mirefu.
Ngazi za pandemia ya homa ya mafua kufuatana na WHO
Shirika la Afya Duniani (WHO) imetunga mpango wa kujiandaa kwa kutokea kwa virusi mpya za homa ya mafua. Hapo imeeleza ngazi 6 za uenezi wa pandemia pamoja na mapendekezo kuhusu hatua zinazopaswa kuchukuliwa na serikali za nchi husika.
Kipindi kabla ya pandemia:
ngazi 1: hakuna aina mpya ya virusi ya homa ya mafua inayotazamiwa kwa binadamu
ngazi 2: aina mpya ya virusi ya homa ya mafua imefunduliwa kwa wanyama, haikupita bado kwa wanadamu
Kipindi cha tahadhari ya pandemia:
ngazi 3: watu wameanza kuambukizwa na aina hiyo mpya ya virusi kwa njia ya wanyama, lakini maambukizo hayakuenea bado kutoka mtu kwa mtu
ngazi 4: kuna vikundi vidogo vya wagonjwa, lakini uenezi wa virusi kutoka mtu kwenda mtu mwingine bado inaendelea polepole
ngazi 5: vikundi vya wagonjwa vinaongezeka, lakini uenezi bado umebaki katika maeneo fulani
Kipindi cha Pandemia:
ngazi 6: Pandemia: uambukizaji unazidi kuenea katika jamii kwa jumla
Tazama pia
Epidemia
Magonjwa ya kuambukiza
Tanbihi
Marejeo
Steward's "The Next Global Threat: Pandemic Influenza".
Viungo vya nje
WHO - Authoritative source of information about global health issues
Past pandemics that ravaged Europe
CDC: Influenza Pandemic Phases
U.S. government's pandemic flu and avian flu information site
Magonjwa
Maradhi ya kuambukiza
|
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"content": "Pandemia (kutoka Kigiriki παν pan -ote + δήμος demos watu) inamaanisha uenezi wa ugonjwa wa kuambukiza katika eneo kubwa, kwa mfano bara au hata duniani kote.\n\nKwa kawaida uenezi wa ugonjwa huitwa \"epidemia\": neno hili lamaanisha kuongezeka kwa wagonjwa kwenye eneo au kikundi, tena katika kipindi fulani. Kama epidemia inapanuka kimataifa inafikia ngazi ya \"pandemia\".\n\nMifano ya pandemia za kihistoria\nHistoria imehifadhi habari za pandemia mbalimbali. Kwa habari za kale sana si rahisi kuwa na uhakika ulikuwa ugonjwa gani uliosababisha vifo vilivyotajwa.\n\nLakini tangu zama za kati kuna habari za pandemia za tauni zilizoua milioni kadhaa za watu. Hasa pandemia ya tauni ya karne ya 14 inajulikana iliua watu milioni 25 yaani theluthi moja ya wakazi wa Ulaya wa siku zile.\n\nKatika karne ya 20 ilikuwa hasa pandemia ya homa ya mafua iliyoitwa \"influenza ya Kihispania\" ambayo iliambukiza watu milioni 500 na kuua milioni 20-25 kote duniani kati ya miaka 1918 na 1920. Inakadiriwa ya kwamba kati yao laki kadhaa walikufa Afrika ya Mashariki. \n\nTangu mwaka 1980 pandemia ya UKIMWI imeendelea kuenea kote duniani na kuua takriban watu milioni 37 hadi sasa.\n\nTofauti kati ya pandemia na magonjwa mengine yanayoua \nShirika la Afya Duniani (WHO) imeeleza pandemia kuwa na vigezo 3:\n\n kutokea kwa ugonjwa ambao ni mgeni katika jamii inayoathiriwa\n ni wanadamu wanaoambukizwa na kuwa wagonjwa sana\n virusi au bakteria zinazosababisha ugonjwa zinaenea kwa urahisi kati ya watu\n\nSi kila ugonjwa unaoua watu wengi unaweza kuitwa pandemia: lazima uwe ugonjwa wa kuambukizwa. Kwa mfano kansa inaua watu wengi lakini si pandemia kwa sababu kansa si ugonjwa wa kuambukiza.\n\nSi kila ugonjwa mkali unaweza kuendelea kuwa pandemia. Maana kama ugonjwa ni mkali mno unaua wahanga wake haraka na hivyo kuzuia uenezi wake. Mfano mmojawapo ni homa ya Ebola ambayo ni kati ya magonjwa hatari zaidi, lakini haikuendelea kupitia ngazi ya epidemia.\n\nUenezi wa pandemia\nLeo hii pandemia zinaenea hasa kwa kufuata njia za mawasiliano kwa eropleni. UKIMWI iliyokuwa tatizo la kieneo likaenea kwa njia ya utalii wa kimataifa kuwa ugonjwa unaopatikana kote duniani. \n\nWakati wa pandemia ya SARS mwaka 2002/2003 ilionekana ya kwamba katika Asia, yenye asili ya maambukizo ugonjwa ulienea kwa kasi ya wastani, ila huko Kanada idadi ilianza kuongezeka haraka - kutokana na kufika kwa watalii na wafanyabiashara waliorudi kwao kutoka Asia kwa ndege.\n\nTauni ilifika Ulaya kwa njia ya meli za biashara kutoka Asia.\n\nMagonjwa yalienea hata zamani pasipo usafiri wa kisasa lakini uenezi ulikuwa wa polepole zaidi na mara nyingi jiografia ilizuia kufika kwa magonjwa fulani kwenye visiwa au ng'ambo ya milima mirefu.\n\nNgazi za pandemia ya homa ya mafua kufuatana na WHO \nShirika la Afya Duniani (WHO) imetunga mpango wa kujiandaa kwa kutokea kwa virusi mpya za homa ya mafua. Hapo imeeleza ngazi 6 za uenezi wa pandemia pamoja na mapendekezo kuhusu hatua zinazopaswa kuchukuliwa na serikali za nchi husika. \n\nKipindi kabla ya pandemia:\n ngazi 1: hakuna aina mpya ya virusi ya homa ya mafua inayotazamiwa kwa binadamu \n ngazi 2: aina mpya ya virusi ya homa ya mafua imefunduliwa kwa wanyama, haikupita bado kwa wanadamu\n\nKipindi cha tahadhari ya pandemia:\n ngazi 3: watu wameanza kuambukizwa na aina hiyo mpya ya virusi kwa njia ya wanyama, lakini maambukizo hayakuenea bado kutoka mtu kwa mtu\n ngazi 4: kuna vikundi vidogo vya wagonjwa, lakini uenezi wa virusi kutoka mtu kwenda mtu mwingine bado inaendelea polepole\n ngazi 5: vikundi vya wagonjwa vinaongezeka, lakini uenezi bado umebaki katika maeneo fulani\n\nKipindi cha Pandemia:\n ngazi 6: Pandemia: uambukizaji unazidi kuenea katika jamii kwa jumla\n\nTazama pia\n Epidemia\n Magonjwa ya kuambukiza\n\nTanbihi\n\nMarejeo \n Steward's \"The Next Global Threat: Pandemic Influenza\".\n\nViungo vya nje \n WHO - Authoritative source of information about global health issues\n Past pandemics that ravaged Europe\n CDC: Influenza Pandemic Phases\n U.S. government's pandemic flu and avian flu information site\n\nMagonjwa\nMaradhi ya kuambukiza",
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https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastiki
|
Plastiki (kutoka Kigiriki πλαστική plastiki yaani "iliyopewa umbo fulani" ) ni aina ya maunzi mango yanayoundwa kwa njia ya kikemia na kukubali umbo lolote yakiwa teke.
Plastiki ni maunzi sintetiki ambayo haitokei katika mazingira kiasili. Inatengenezwa kwa kuunganisha molekuli nyingi kuwa nyororo ndefu ya polima.
Kuna aina nyingi za plastiki. Kwa kuchagua kemikali na kuongeza madawa mbalimbali kuna chaguo kubwa ya tabia kama ugumu, kubadilika umbo, unyumbufu, uvumilivu kwa joto au baridi au muda wa kudumu.
Wakati wa kutengenezwa plastiki inakubali kila umbo hivyo hutolewa kama filamu, punje, vipande bapa au umbo lolote linalotakiwa. Mifuko na maunzi ya kufugia bidhaa huwa ni plastiki. Plastiki haipokei maji au unyevu hivyo kitu kinachofungwa kabisa ndani ya karatasi ya plastiki inabaki kavu.
Historia
Maunzi ya kwanza katika historia yaliyofanana na plastiki ilikuwa aina ya lami iliyopatikana baada ya kupika utomvu ya miti fulani. Baadaye wataalamu walibuni njia za kubadilisha vitu kama pembe ya wanyama kwa kuipika pamoja na madawa ilikukubali kubadilishwa umbo.
Hatua kubwa ilikuwa mbinu wa kutia dawa la sulfuri kwenye mpira asilia. Kwa njia hii Charles Goodyear wa Marekani aliweza kutengeneza mpira ulioendelea kuwa laini. Aliendelea kubuni njia ya kubadilisha tabia za mpira kuwa mgumu kabisa.
Maendeleo makubwa ya plastiki ilipatikana na utaalamu wa kutumia mafuta ya petroli. Mafuta haya mazito ni mchanganyiko wa kemikali mbalimbali. Katika viwanda vya kusafishia mafuta maunzi haya yanatenganishwa na molekuli zinazofaa zinatolewa kwa matenegnezo ya aina za plastiki.
Aina za Plastiki
Matumizi
Matumizi ya wastani ya plastiki kwa kila mkazi yalikuwa mwaka 2000:
Marekani: 130 kg
Ulaya ya Magharibi: 92 kg
Japani:86 kg
Amerika ya Kusini: 19 kg
Ulaya ya Mashariki: 13 kg
Asia ya Kusini-Mashariki: 13 kg
Afrika na Mashariki ya Kati: 8 kg
Hadi mwaka 2017 mnamo tani bilioni 8.3 zilitengenezwa duniani. Tani milioni 6.3 za jumla hii zimekuwa takataka isiyotumiwa tena. Asilimia 9 ya takataka hiyo zilirejereshwa na kutumiwa tena kwa umbo tofauti. Asilimia 12 zilichomwa na asilimia 79 ziliwekwa kwenye dampo za takataka au kukaa katika mazingira.
Matatizo ya mazingira
Plastiki huoza polepole sana. Hii inasababisha machafuko ya mazingira hasa pasipo na huduma za takataka. Aina nyingi zikichomwa zinatoa gesi za sumu. Matengenezaji wa Plastiki yanahitaji matumizi ya kemikali nyingi za sumu ambazo ni hatari kwa mazingira.
Hivyo nchi nyingi zimeanza kutoa sheria juu ya matumizi ya plastiki.
Kemia
|
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"content": "Plastiki (kutoka Kigiriki πλαστική plastiki yaani \"iliyopewa umbo fulani\" ) ni aina ya maunzi mango yanayoundwa kwa njia ya kikemia na kukubali umbo lolote yakiwa teke. \n\nPlastiki ni maunzi sintetiki ambayo haitokei katika mazingira kiasili. Inatengenezwa kwa kuunganisha molekuli nyingi kuwa nyororo ndefu ya polima. \n\nKuna aina nyingi za plastiki. Kwa kuchagua kemikali na kuongeza madawa mbalimbali kuna chaguo kubwa ya tabia kama ugumu, kubadilika umbo, unyumbufu, uvumilivu kwa joto au baridi au muda wa kudumu.\n\nWakati wa kutengenezwa plastiki inakubali kila umbo hivyo hutolewa kama filamu, punje, vipande bapa au umbo lolote linalotakiwa. Mifuko na maunzi ya kufugia bidhaa huwa ni plastiki. Plastiki haipokei maji au unyevu hivyo kitu kinachofungwa kabisa ndani ya karatasi ya plastiki inabaki kavu.\n\nHistoria \nMaunzi ya kwanza katika historia yaliyofanana na plastiki ilikuwa aina ya lami iliyopatikana baada ya kupika utomvu ya miti fulani. Baadaye wataalamu walibuni njia za kubadilisha vitu kama pembe ya wanyama kwa kuipika pamoja na madawa ilikukubali kubadilishwa umbo.\n\nHatua kubwa ilikuwa mbinu wa kutia dawa la sulfuri kwenye mpira asilia. Kwa njia hii Charles Goodyear wa Marekani aliweza kutengeneza mpira ulioendelea kuwa laini. Aliendelea kubuni njia ya kubadilisha tabia za mpira kuwa mgumu kabisa.\n\nMaendeleo makubwa ya plastiki ilipatikana na utaalamu wa kutumia mafuta ya petroli. Mafuta haya mazito ni mchanganyiko wa kemikali mbalimbali. Katika viwanda vya kusafishia mafuta maunzi haya yanatenganishwa na molekuli zinazofaa zinatolewa kwa matenegnezo ya aina za plastiki.\n\nAina za Plastiki\n\nMatumizi \nMatumizi ya wastani ya plastiki kwa kila mkazi yalikuwa mwaka 2000:\nMarekani: 130 kg\nUlaya ya Magharibi: 92 kg\nJapani:86 kg\nAmerika ya Kusini: 19 kg\nUlaya ya Mashariki: 13 kg\nAsia ya Kusini-Mashariki: 13 kg\nAfrika na Mashariki ya Kati: 8 kg\n\nHadi mwaka 2017 mnamo tani bilioni 8.3 zilitengenezwa duniani. Tani milioni 6.3 za jumla hii zimekuwa takataka isiyotumiwa tena. Asilimia 9 ya takataka hiyo zilirejereshwa na kutumiwa tena kwa umbo tofauti. Asilimia 12 zilichomwa na asilimia 79 ziliwekwa kwenye dampo za takataka au kukaa katika mazingira.\n\nMatatizo ya mazingira \nPlastiki huoza polepole sana. Hii inasababisha machafuko ya mazingira hasa pasipo na huduma za takataka. Aina nyingi zikichomwa zinatoa gesi za sumu. Matengenezaji wa Plastiki yanahitaji matumizi ya kemikali nyingi za sumu ambazo ni hatari kwa mazingira.\n\nHivyo nchi nyingi zimeanza kutoa sheria juu ya matumizi ya plastiki. \n\nKemia",
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Environmental isotopes
|
The environmental isotopes are a subset of isotopes, both stable and radioactive, which are the object of isotope geochemistry. They are primarily used as tracers to see how things move around within the ocean-atmosphere system, within terrestrial biomes, within the Earth's surface, and between these broad domains.
Isotope geochemistry
Chemical elements are defined by their number of protons, but the mass of the atom is determined by the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. Isotopes are atoms that are of a specific element, but have different numbers of neutrons and thus different mass numbers. The ratio between isotopes of an element varies slightly in the world, so in order to study isotopic ratio changes across the world, changes in isotope ratios are defined as deviations from a standard, multiplied by 1000. This unit is a "per mil". As a convention, the ratio is of the heavier isotope to the lower isotope.
‰
These variations in isotopes can occur through many types of fractionation. They are generally classified as mass independent fractionation and mass dependent fractionation. An example of a mass independent process is the fractionation of oxygen atoms in ozone. This is due to the kinetic isotope effect (KIE) and is caused by different isotope molecules reacting at different speeds. An example of a mass dependent process is the fractionation of water as it transitions from the liquid to gas phase. Water molecules with heavier isotopes (18O and 2H) tend to stay in the liquid phase as water molecules with lighter isotopes (16O and 1H) preferentially move to the gas phase.
Of the different isotopes that exist, one common classification is distinguishing radioactive isotopes from stable isotopes. Radioactive isotopes are isotopes that will decay into a different isotope. For example, 3H (tritium) is a radioactive isotope of hydrogen. It decays into 3He with a half-life of ~12.3 years. By comparison, stable isotopes do not undergo radioactive decay, and their fixed proportions are measured against exponentially decaying proportions of radioactive isotopes to determine the age of a substance. Radioactive isotopes are generally more useful on shorter timescales, such as investigating modern circulation of the ocean using 14C, while stable isotopes are generally more useful on longer timescales, such as investigating differences in river flow with stable strontium isotopes.
These isotopes are used as tracers to study various phenomena of interest. These tracers have a certain distribution spatially, and so scientists need to deconvolve the different processes that affect these tracer distributions. One way tracer distributions are set is by conservative mixing. In conservative mixing, the amount of the tracer is conserved. An example of this is mixing two water masses with different salinities. The salt from the saltier water mass moves to the less salty water mass, keeping the total amount of salinity constant. This way of mixing tracers is very important, giving a baseline of what value of a tracer one should expect. The value of a tracer as a point is expected to be an average value of the sources that flow into that region. Deviations from this are indicative of other processes. These can be called nonconservative mixing, where there are other processes that do not conserve the amount of tracer. An example of this is 𝛿14C. This mixes between water masses, but it also decays over time, reducing the amount of 14C in the region.
Commonly used isotopes
The most used environmental isotopes are:
deuterium
tritium
carbon-13
carbon-14
nitrogen-15
oxygen-18
silicon-29
chlorine-36
isotopes of uranium
isotopes of strontium
Ocean circulation
One topic that environmental isotopes are used to study is the circulation of the ocean. Treating the ocean as a box is only useful in some studies; in depth consideration of the oceans in general circulation models (GCMs) requires knowing how the ocean circulates. This leads to an understanding of how the oceans (along with the atmosphere) transfer heat from the tropics to the poles. This also helps deconvolve circulation effects from other phenomena that affect certain tracers such as radioactive and biological processes.
Using rudimentary observation techniques, the circulation of the surface ocean can be determined. In the Atlantic basin, surface waters flow from the south towards the north in general, while also creating gyres in the northern and southern Atlantic. In the Pacific Ocean, the gyres still form, but there is comparatively very little large scale meridional (North-South) movement. For deep waters, there are two areas where density causes waters to sink into the deep ocean. These are in the North Atlantic and the Antarctic. The deep water masses formed are North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) and Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW). Deep waters are mixtures of these two waters, and understanding how waters are composed of these two water masses can tell us about how water masses move around in the deep ocean.
This can be investigated with environmental isotopes, including 14C. 14C is predominantly produced in the upper atmosphere and from nuclear testing, with no major sources or sinks in the ocean. This 14C from the atmosphere becomes oxidized into 14CO2, allowing it to enter the surface ocean through gas transfer. This is transferred into the deep ocean through NADW and AABW. In NADW, the 𝛿14C is approximately -60‰, and in AABW, the 𝛿14C is approximately -160‰. Thus, using conservative mixing of radiocarbon, the expected amount of radiocarbon in various locations can be determined using the percent compositions of NADW and AABW at that location. This can be determined using other tracers, such as phosphate star or salinity. Deviations from this expected value are indicative of other processes that affect the delta ratio of radiocarbon, namely radioactive decay. This deviation can be converted to a time, giving the age of the water at that location. Doing this over the world's ocean can yield a circulation pattern of the ocean and the rate at which water flow through the deep ocean. Using this circulation in conjunction with the surface circulation allows scientists to understand the energy balance of the world. Warmer surface waters flow northward while colder deep waters flow southward, leading to net heat transfer towards the pole.
Paleoclimate
Isotopes are also used to study paleoclimate. This is the study of how climate was in the past, from hundreds of years ago to hundreds of thousands of years ago. The only records of these times that we have are buried in rocks, sediments, biological shells, stalagmites and stalactites, etc. The isotope ratios in these samples were affected by the temperature, salinity, circulation of the ocean, precipitation, etc. of the climate at the time, causing a measurable change from the standards for isotope measurements. This is how climate information is encoded in these geological formations. Some of the many isotopes useful for environmental science are discussed below.
δ18O
<p href="Salinity">One useful isotope for reconstructing past climates is oxygen-18. It is another stable isotope of oxygen along with oxygen-16, and its incorporation into water and carbon dioxide/carbonate molecules is strongly temperature dependent. Higher temperature implies more incorporation of oxygen-18, and vice versa. Thus, the ratio of 18O/16O can tell something about temperature. For water, the isotope ratio standard is Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water, and for carbonates, the standard is Pee Dee Belemnite. Using ice cores and sediment cores that record information about the water and shells from past times, this ratio can tell scientists about the temperature of those times.
This ratio is used with ice cores to determine the temperature at the spot in the ice core. Depth in an ice core is proportional to time, and it is "wiggle-matched" with other records to determine the true time of the ice at that depth. This can be done by comparing δ18O in calcium carbonate shells in sediment cores to these records to match large scale changes in the temperature of the Earth. Once the ice cores are matched to sediment cores, highly accurate dating methods such as U-series dating can be used to accurately determine the time of these events. There are some processes that mix water from different times into the same depth in the ice core, such as firn production and sloped landscape floes.
Lisiecki and Raymo (2005) used measurements of δ18O in benthic foraminifera from 57 globally distributed deep sea sediment cores, taken as a proxy for the total global mass of glacial ice sheets, to reconstruct the climate for the past five million years. This record shows oscillations of 2-10 degrees Celsius over this time. Between 5 million and 1.2 million years ago, these oscillations had a period of 41,000 years (41 kyr), but about 1.2 million years ago the period switch to 100 kyr. These changes in global temperature match with changes in orbital parameters of the Earth's orbit around the Sun. These are called Milankovitch cycles, and these are related to eccentricity, obliquity (axial tilt), and precession of Earth around its axis. These correspond to cycles with periods of 100 kyr, 40 kyr, and 20 kyr.
δ18O can also be used to investigate smaller scale climate phenomena. Koutavas et al. (2006) used δ18O of G. ruber foraminifera to study the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and it's variability through the mid-Holocene. By isolating individual foram shells, Koutavas et al. were able to obtain a spread of δ18O values at a specific depth. Because these forams live for approximately a month and that the individual forams were from many different months, clumped together in a small depth range in the coral, the variability of δ18O was able to be determined. In the eastern Pacific, where these cores were taken, the primary driver of this variability is ENSO, making this a record of ENSO variability over the core's time span. Koutavas et al. found that ENSO was much less variable in the mid Holocene (~6,000 years ago) than it is currently.
Strontium isotopes
Another set of environmental isotopes used in paleoclimate is strontium isotopes. Strontium-86 and strontium-87 are both stable isotopes of strontium, but strontium-87 is radiogenic, coming from the decay of rubidium-87. The ratio of these two isotopes depends on the concentration of rubidium-87 initially and the age of the sample, assuming that the background concentration of strontium-87 is known. This is useful because 87Rb is predominantly found in continental rocks. Particles from these rocks come into the ocean through weathering by rivers, meaning that this strontium isotope ratio is related to the weathering ion flux coming from rivers into the ocean. The background concentration in the ocean for 87Sr/86Sr is 0.709 ± 0.0012. Because the strontium ratio is recorded in sedimentary records, the oscillations of this ratio over time can be studied. These oscillations are related to the riverine input into the oceans or into the local basin. Richter and Turekian have done work on this, finding that over glacial-interglacial timescales (105 years), the 87Sr/86Sr ratio varies by 3*10−5.
Uranium and related isotopes
Uranium has many radioactive isotopes that continue emitting particles down a decay chain. Uranium-235 is in one such chain, and decays into protactinium-231 and then into other products. Uranium-238 is in a separate chain, decaying into a series of elements, including thorium-230. Both of these series end up forming lead, either lead-207 from uranium-235 or lead-206 from uranium-238. All of these decays are alpha or beta decays, meaning that they all follow first order rate equations of the form , where λ is the half-life of the isotope in question. This makes it simple to determine the age of a sample based on the various ratios of radioactive isotopes that exist.
One way uranium isotopes are used is to date rocks from millions to billions of years ago. This is through uranium-lead dating. This technique uses zircon samples and measures the lead content in them. Zircon incorporates uranium and thorium atoms into its crystal structure, but strongly rejects lead. Thus, the only sources of lead in a zircon crystal are through decay of uranium and thorium. Both the uranium-235 and uranium-238 series decay into an isotope of lead. The half-life of converting 235U to 207Pb is 710 million years, and the half-life of converting 238U to 206Pb is 4.47 billion years. Because of high resolution mass-spectroscopy, both chains can be used to date rocks, giving complementary information about the rocks. The large difference in half-lives makes the technique robust over long time scales, from on the order of millions of years to on the order of billions of years.
Another way uranium isotopes are used in environmental science is the ratio of 231Pa/230Th. These radiogenic isotopes have different uranium parents, but have very different reactivities in the ocean. The uranium profile in the ocean is constant because uranium has a very large residence time compared to the residence time of the ocean. The decay of uranium is thus also isotropic, but the daughter isotopes react differently. Thorium is readily scavenged by particles, leading to rapid removal from the ocean into sediments. By contrast, 231Pa is not as particle-reactive, feeling the circulation of the ocean in small amounts before settling into the sediment. Thus, knowing the decay rates of both isotopes and the fractions of each uranium isotopes, the expected ratio of 231Pa/230Th can be determined, with any deviation from this value being due to circulation. Circulation leads to a higher 231Pa/230Th ratio downstream and a lower ratio upstream, with the magnitude of the deviation being related to flow rate. This technique has been used to quantify the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and during abrupt climate change events in Earth's past, such as Heinrich events and Dansgaard-Oeschger events.
Neodymium
Neodymium isotopes are also used to determine circulation in the ocean. All of the isotopes of neodymium are stable on the timescales of glacial-interglacial cycles, but 143Nd is a daughter of 147Sm, a radioactive isotope in the ocean. Samarium-147 has higher concentrations in mantle rocks vs crust rocks, so areas that receive river inputs from mantle-derived rocks have higher concentrations of 147Sm and 143Nd. However, these differences are so small, the standard notation of a delta value are no blunt for it; a more precise epsilon value is used to describe variations in this ratio of neodymium isotopes. It is defined as
The only major sources of this in the ocean are in the North Atlantic and in the deep Pacific Ocean. Because one of the end-members is set in the interior of the ocean, this technique has the potential to tell us complementary information about paleoclimate compared to all other ocean tracers that are only set in the surface ocean.
References
|
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"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
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"content": "Environmental isotopes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "The environmental isotopes are a subset of isotopes, both stable and radioactive, which are the object of isotope geochemistry. They are primarily used as tracers to see how things move around within the ocean-atmosphere system, within terrestrial biomes, within the Earth's surface, and between these broad domains.\n\nIsotope geochemistry \n\nChemical elements are defined by their number of protons, but the mass of the atom is determined by the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. Isotopes are atoms that are of a specific element, but have different numbers of neutrons and thus different mass numbers. The ratio between isotopes of an element varies slightly in the world, so in order to study isotopic ratio changes across the world, changes in isotope ratios are defined as deviations from a standard, multiplied by 1000. This unit is a \"per mil\". As a convention, the ratio is of the heavier isotope to the lower isotope.\n\n ‰\n\nThese variations in isotopes can occur through many types of fractionation. They are generally classified as mass independent fractionation and mass dependent fractionation. An example of a mass independent process is the fractionation of oxygen atoms in ozone. This is due to the kinetic isotope effect (KIE) and is caused by different isotope molecules reacting at different speeds. An example of a mass dependent process is the fractionation of water as it transitions from the liquid to gas phase. Water molecules with heavier isotopes (18O and 2H) tend to stay in the liquid phase as water molecules with lighter isotopes (16O and 1H) preferentially move to the gas phase.\n\nOf the different isotopes that exist, one common classification is distinguishing radioactive isotopes from stable isotopes. Radioactive isotopes are isotopes that will decay into a different isotope. For example, 3H (tritium) is a radioactive isotope of hydrogen. It decays into 3He with a half-life of ~12.3 years. By comparison, stable isotopes do not undergo radioactive decay, and their fixed proportions are measured against exponentially decaying proportions of radioactive isotopes to determine the age of a substance. Radioactive isotopes are generally more useful on shorter timescales, such as investigating modern circulation of the ocean using 14C, while stable isotopes are generally more useful on longer timescales, such as investigating differences in river flow with stable strontium isotopes.\n\nThese isotopes are used as tracers to study various phenomena of interest. These tracers have a certain distribution spatially, and so scientists need to deconvolve the different processes that affect these tracer distributions. One way tracer distributions are set is by conservative mixing. In conservative mixing, the amount of the tracer is conserved. An example of this is mixing two water masses with different salinities. The salt from the saltier water mass moves to the less salty water mass, keeping the total amount of salinity constant. This way of mixing tracers is very important, giving a baseline of what value of a tracer one should expect. The value of a tracer as a point is expected to be an average value of the sources that flow into that region. Deviations from this are indicative of other processes. These can be called nonconservative mixing, where there are other processes that do not conserve the amount of tracer. An example of this is 𝛿14C. This mixes between water masses, but it also decays over time, reducing the amount of 14C in the region.\n\nCommonly used isotopes \nThe most used environmental isotopes are:\n\n deuterium\n tritium\n carbon-13\n carbon-14\n nitrogen-15\n oxygen-18\n silicon-29\n chlorine-36\n isotopes of uranium\n isotopes of strontium\n\nOcean circulation \nOne topic that environmental isotopes are used to study is the circulation of the ocean. Treating the ocean as a box is only useful in some studies; in depth consideration of the oceans in general circulation models (GCMs) requires knowing how the ocean circulates. This leads to an understanding of how the oceans (along with the atmosphere) transfer heat from the tropics to the poles. This also helps deconvolve circulation effects from other phenomena that affect certain tracers such as radioactive and biological processes.\n\nUsing rudimentary observation techniques, the circulation of the surface ocean can be determined. In the Atlantic basin, surface waters flow from the south towards the north in general, while also creating gyres in the northern and southern Atlantic. In the Pacific Ocean, the gyres still form, but there is comparatively very little large scale meridional (North-South) movement. For deep waters, there are two areas where density causes waters to sink into the deep ocean. These are in the North Atlantic and the Antarctic. The deep water masses formed are North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) and Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW). Deep waters are mixtures of these two waters, and understanding how waters are composed of these two water masses can tell us about how water masses move around in the deep ocean.\n\nThis can be investigated with environmental isotopes, including 14C. 14C is predominantly produced in the upper atmosphere and from nuclear testing, with no major sources or sinks in the ocean. This 14C from the atmosphere becomes oxidized into 14CO2, allowing it to enter the surface ocean through gas transfer. This is transferred into the deep ocean through NADW and AABW. In NADW, the 𝛿14C is approximately -60‰, and in AABW, the 𝛿14C is approximately -160‰. Thus, using conservative mixing of radiocarbon, the expected amount of radiocarbon in various locations can be determined using the percent compositions of NADW and AABW at that location. This can be determined using other tracers, such as phosphate star or salinity. Deviations from this expected value are indicative of other processes that affect the delta ratio of radiocarbon, namely radioactive decay. This deviation can be converted to a time, giving the age of the water at that location. Doing this over the world's ocean can yield a circulation pattern of the ocean and the rate at which water flow through the deep ocean. Using this circulation in conjunction with the surface circulation allows scientists to understand the energy balance of the world. Warmer surface waters flow northward while colder deep waters flow southward, leading to net heat transfer towards the pole.\n\nPaleoclimate \nIsotopes are also used to study paleoclimate. This is the study of how climate was in the past, from hundreds of years ago to hundreds of thousands of years ago. The only records of these times that we have are buried in rocks, sediments, biological shells, stalagmites and stalactites, etc. The isotope ratios in these samples were affected by the temperature, salinity, circulation of the ocean, precipitation, etc. of the climate at the time, causing a measurable change from the standards for isotope measurements. This is how climate information is encoded in these geological formations. Some of the many isotopes useful for environmental science are discussed below.\n\nδ18O \n<p href=\"Salinity\">One useful isotope for reconstructing past climates is oxygen-18. It is another stable isotope of oxygen along with oxygen-16, and its incorporation into water and carbon dioxide/carbonate molecules is strongly temperature dependent. Higher temperature implies more incorporation of oxygen-18, and vice versa. Thus, the ratio of 18O/16O can tell something about temperature. For water, the isotope ratio standard is Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water, and for carbonates, the standard is Pee Dee Belemnite. Using ice cores and sediment cores that record information about the water and shells from past times, this ratio can tell scientists about the temperature of those times.\n\nThis ratio is used with ice cores to determine the temperature at the spot in the ice core. Depth in an ice core is proportional to time, and it is \"wiggle-matched\" with other records to determine the true time of the ice at that depth. This can be done by comparing δ18O in calcium carbonate shells in sediment cores to these records to match large scale changes in the temperature of the Earth. Once the ice cores are matched to sediment cores, highly accurate dating methods such as U-series dating can be used to accurately determine the time of these events. There are some processes that mix water from different times into the same depth in the ice core, such as firn production and sloped landscape floes.\n\nLisiecki and Raymo (2005) used measurements of δ18O in benthic foraminifera from 57 globally distributed deep sea sediment cores, taken as a proxy for the total global mass of glacial ice sheets, to reconstruct the climate for the past five million years. This record shows oscillations of 2-10 degrees Celsius over this time. Between 5 million and 1.2 million years ago, these oscillations had a period of 41,000 years (41 kyr), but about 1.2 million years ago the period switch to 100 kyr. These changes in global temperature match with changes in orbital parameters of the Earth's orbit around the Sun. These are called Milankovitch cycles, and these are related to eccentricity, obliquity (axial tilt), and precession of Earth around its axis. These correspond to cycles with periods of 100 kyr, 40 kyr, and 20 kyr.\n\nδ18O can also be used to investigate smaller scale climate phenomena. Koutavas et al. (2006) used δ18O of G. ruber foraminifera to study the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and it's variability through the mid-Holocene. By isolating individual foram shells, Koutavas et al. were able to obtain a spread of δ18O values at a specific depth. Because these forams live for approximately a month and that the individual forams were from many different months, clumped together in a small depth range in the coral, the variability of δ18O was able to be determined. In the eastern Pacific, where these cores were taken, the primary driver of this variability is ENSO, making this a record of ENSO variability over the core's time span. Koutavas et al. found that ENSO was much less variable in the mid Holocene (~6,000 years ago) than it is currently.\n\nStrontium isotopes \nAnother set of environmental isotopes used in paleoclimate is strontium isotopes. Strontium-86 and strontium-87 are both stable isotopes of strontium, but strontium-87 is radiogenic, coming from the decay of rubidium-87. The ratio of these two isotopes depends on the concentration of rubidium-87 initially and the age of the sample, assuming that the background concentration of strontium-87 is known. This is useful because 87Rb is predominantly found in continental rocks. Particles from these rocks come into the ocean through weathering by rivers, meaning that this strontium isotope ratio is related to the weathering ion flux coming from rivers into the ocean. The background concentration in the ocean for 87Sr/86Sr is 0.709 ± 0.0012. Because the strontium ratio is recorded in sedimentary records, the oscillations of this ratio over time can be studied. These oscillations are related to the riverine input into the oceans or into the local basin. Richter and Turekian have done work on this, finding that over glacial-interglacial timescales (105 years), the 87Sr/86Sr ratio varies by 3*10−5.\n\nUranium and related isotopes \nUranium has many radioactive isotopes that continue emitting particles down a decay chain. Uranium-235 is in one such chain, and decays into protactinium-231 and then into other products. Uranium-238 is in a separate chain, decaying into a series of elements, including thorium-230. Both of these series end up forming lead, either lead-207 from uranium-235 or lead-206 from uranium-238. All of these decays are alpha or beta decays, meaning that they all follow first order rate equations of the form , where λ is the half-life of the isotope in question. This makes it simple to determine the age of a sample based on the various ratios of radioactive isotopes that exist.\n\nOne way uranium isotopes are used is to date rocks from millions to billions of years ago. This is through uranium-lead dating. This technique uses zircon samples and measures the lead content in them. Zircon incorporates uranium and thorium atoms into its crystal structure, but strongly rejects lead. Thus, the only sources of lead in a zircon crystal are through decay of uranium and thorium. Both the uranium-235 and uranium-238 series decay into an isotope of lead. The half-life of converting 235U to 207Pb is 710 million years, and the half-life of converting 238U to 206Pb is 4.47 billion years. Because of high resolution mass-spectroscopy, both chains can be used to date rocks, giving complementary information about the rocks. The large difference in half-lives makes the technique robust over long time scales, from on the order of millions of years to on the order of billions of years.\n\nAnother way uranium isotopes are used in environmental science is the ratio of 231Pa/230Th. These radiogenic isotopes have different uranium parents, but have very different reactivities in the ocean. The uranium profile in the ocean is constant because uranium has a very large residence time compared to the residence time of the ocean. The decay of uranium is thus also isotropic, but the daughter isotopes react differently. Thorium is readily scavenged by particles, leading to rapid removal from the ocean into sediments. By contrast, 231Pa is not as particle-reactive, feeling the circulation of the ocean in small amounts before settling into the sediment. Thus, knowing the decay rates of both isotopes and the fractions of each uranium isotopes, the expected ratio of 231Pa/230Th can be determined, with any deviation from this value being due to circulation. Circulation leads to a higher 231Pa/230Th ratio downstream and a lower ratio upstream, with the magnitude of the deviation being related to flow rate. This technique has been used to quantify the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and during abrupt climate change events in Earth's past, such as Heinrich events and Dansgaard-Oeschger events.\n\nNeodymium \n\nNeodymium isotopes are also used to determine circulation in the ocean. All of the isotopes of neodymium are stable on the timescales of glacial-interglacial cycles, but 143Nd is a daughter of 147Sm, a radioactive isotope in the ocean. Samarium-147 has higher concentrations in mantle rocks vs crust rocks, so areas that receive river inputs from mantle-derived rocks have higher concentrations of 147Sm and 143Nd. However, these differences are so small, the standard notation of a delta value are no blunt for it; a more precise epsilon value is used to describe variations in this ratio of neodymium isotopes. It is defined as \n\nThe only major sources of this in the ocean are in the North Atlantic and in the deep Pacific Ocean. Because one of the end-members is set in the interior of the ocean, this technique has the potential to tell us complementary information about paleoclimate compared to all other ocean tracers that are only set in the surface ocean.\n\nReferences",
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GSP Stadium
|
The GSP Stadium () is a football stadium in Strovolos, Nicosia District, Cyprus. Although small by international standards, it is the largest stadium in Cyprus, with a capacity of 22,859 and was opened in 1999. It serves as the home stadium for the 3 biggest football clubs of Nicosia APOEL, Olympiakos & Omonia. It is also the home stadium of the Cyprus national football team. A stadium under the same name, the old GSP Stadium, existed from 1902 until 1999 in the centre of Nicosia and had a capacity of 12,000.
History
Designed by Theo. David Architects, the new GSP Stadium opened for use on 6 October 1999. The complex has three arenas: a football stadium, an athletics stadium and an auxiliary football pitch intended for training. The stadium is owned by the Pancyprian Gymnastic Association. With an official seating capacity of 22,859 the GCP Stadium is the largest football venue in Cyprus. It is located at the entrance to Nicosia (as approached from the A1 highway) and was inaugurated in 1999 by the then-President Glafcos Clerides and Archbishop Chrysostomos I. The first game was held on 6 October 1999 and there was a friendly match between APOEL and Omonia, which ended 3–3.
Since then, the stadium is not only the home of Nicosian teams but usually of Cyprus national football team. During the World Cup 2006 qualifying round it was used as home for all matches of Cyprus. The stadium is the only one in Cyprus which satisfies UEFA Criteria. For this reason since 2004 it is used as home for all the teams of Cyprus in European Cups. Annually, the stadium hosts the Cypriot Super Cup. Also until 2005, it was hosting annually the Cypriot Cup final.
In 2002, the stadium was home for Israeli clubs for the UEFA Cup and UEFA Champions League matches. It hosted the UEFA Cup quarter final (as home for Hapoel Tel Aviv) between Hapoel Tel Aviv and A.C. Milan. It was also used by Maccabi Haifa for home stadium for the 2002–03 UEFA Champions League group stage matches and for the UEFA Cup matches. Some matches were attractive for Cypriots like the matches Maccabi Haifa-Olympiacos CFP and Maccabi Haifa-Manchester United, since those two Maccabi's rivals are very popular in Cyprus.
It's the only stadium in Cyprus build only for track & field games. In addition with the hotel, it provides a full training centre solution for athletes all over the world. During the Athens 2004 Olympic Games, many athletes from different countries used the stadium for training.
The GCP Stadium hosted all home matches of Anorthosis Famagusta's 2008–09 UEFA Champions League group stage campaign and all APOEL's 2009–10 UEFA Champions League group stage home matches. Two years later, it hosted all APOEL's home matches in the club's surprising run to the quarter-finals of the 2011–12 UEFA Champions League. Also, it hosted again all APOEL's home matches in their third participation in the 2014–15 UEFA Champions League group stages. All matches were sold out by APOEL's fans.
GCP Stadium also hosted AEK Larnaca's 2011–12 UEFA Europa League group stage matches, AEL Limassol's 2012–13 UEFA Europa League group stage matches, APOEL's and Apollon Limassol's 2013–14 UEFA Europa League group stage matches, Apollon's 2014–15 UEFA Europa League group stage matches and APOEL's 2015–16 group stage matches. GSP Stadium also hosted all APOEL's home matches in the club's impressive run to the last 16 of the 2016–17 UEFA Europa League.
Due to riots in Kiev and after UEFA's decision, GSP Stadium hosted the 2013–14 UEFA Europa League round of 32 match between Dynamo Kyiv and Valencia CF on 20 February 2014, which ended in 0–2 Valencia win.
In the 2016–17 domestic league season, tenants APOEL drew the highest average home attendance (7,126).
Average attendances
The all-time attendance record for the football stadium is 23,043 tickets in the match between APOEL and Omonia for the 2002–03 Cypriot First Division. The match was held on 7 December 2002 and ended in a goalless draw.
The record of the highest attendance for a European Competition game is 22,701 tickets in the match between APOEL and Olympique Lyonnais for the 2011–12 UEFA Champions League last-16. The match was held on 7 March 2012 and ended with a 1–0 win for APOEL after extra time and 4–3 win on penalties.
Source: European Football Statistics
Attributes
The Club
The Gymnastic Association Pancypria was founded in 1894 with the initiative of the lawyer Theofanis Theodotou and the doctors Antonios Theodotou and Aristofanis Fenievs.
In 1896, the G.S. Pancypria participated in the A' Pancyprian Games which took place in the G.S. Olympia Stadium in Limassol. Since then it has participated in all pancyprian games because the Pancyprian Games became a significant national feast for Cyprus, during which the stadium, where the games were taking place, was decorated with Greek flags and the national desires were proclaimed .
References
1999 establishments in Cyprus
Football venues in Cyprus
Athletics (track and field) venues in Cyprus
Multi-purpose stadiums in Cyprus
Cyprus
Sports venues in Cyprus
Sports venues completed in 1999
Sport in Nicosia
Music venues in Cyprus
Buildings and structures in Nicosia
|
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"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
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"content": "GSP Stadium",
"role": "user"
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{
"content": "The GSP Stadium () is a football stadium in Strovolos, Nicosia District, Cyprus. Although small by international standards, it is the largest stadium in Cyprus, with a capacity of 22,859 and was opened in 1999. It serves as the home stadium for the 3 biggest football clubs of Nicosia APOEL, Olympiakos & Omonia. It is also the home stadium of the Cyprus national football team. A stadium under the same name, the old GSP Stadium, existed from 1902 until 1999 in the centre of Nicosia and had a capacity of 12,000.\n\nHistory\n\nDesigned by Theo. David Architects, the new GSP Stadium opened for use on 6 October 1999. The complex has three arenas: a football stadium, an athletics stadium and an auxiliary football pitch intended for training. The stadium is owned by the Pancyprian Gymnastic Association. With an official seating capacity of 22,859 the GCP Stadium is the largest football venue in Cyprus. It is located at the entrance to Nicosia (as approached from the A1 highway) and was inaugurated in 1999 by the then-President Glafcos Clerides and Archbishop Chrysostomos I. The first game was held on 6 October 1999 and there was a friendly match between APOEL and Omonia, which ended 3–3.\n\nSince then, the stadium is not only the home of Nicosian teams but usually of Cyprus national football team. During the World Cup 2006 qualifying round it was used as home for all matches of Cyprus. The stadium is the only one in Cyprus which satisfies UEFA Criteria. For this reason since 2004 it is used as home for all the teams of Cyprus in European Cups. Annually, the stadium hosts the Cypriot Super Cup. Also until 2005, it was hosting annually the Cypriot Cup final.\n\nIn 2002, the stadium was home for Israeli clubs for the UEFA Cup and UEFA Champions League matches. It hosted the UEFA Cup quarter final (as home for Hapoel Tel Aviv) between Hapoel Tel Aviv and A.C. Milan. It was also used by Maccabi Haifa for home stadium for the 2002–03 UEFA Champions League group stage matches and for the UEFA Cup matches. Some matches were attractive for Cypriots like the matches Maccabi Haifa-Olympiacos CFP and Maccabi Haifa-Manchester United, since those two Maccabi's rivals are very popular in Cyprus.\n\nIt's the only stadium in Cyprus build only for track & field games. In addition with the hotel, it provides a full training centre solution for athletes all over the world. During the Athens 2004 Olympic Games, many athletes from different countries used the stadium for training.\n\nThe GCP Stadium hosted all home matches of Anorthosis Famagusta's 2008–09 UEFA Champions League group stage campaign and all APOEL's 2009–10 UEFA Champions League group stage home matches. Two years later, it hosted all APOEL's home matches in the club's surprising run to the quarter-finals of the 2011–12 UEFA Champions League. Also, it hosted again all APOEL's home matches in their third participation in the 2014–15 UEFA Champions League group stages. All matches were sold out by APOEL's fans.\n\nGCP Stadium also hosted AEK Larnaca's 2011–12 UEFA Europa League group stage matches, AEL Limassol's 2012–13 UEFA Europa League group stage matches, APOEL's and Apollon Limassol's 2013–14 UEFA Europa League group stage matches, Apollon's 2014–15 UEFA Europa League group stage matches and APOEL's 2015–16 group stage matches. GSP Stadium also hosted all APOEL's home matches in the club's impressive run to the last 16 of the 2016–17 UEFA Europa League.\n\nDue to riots in Kiev and after UEFA's decision, GSP Stadium hosted the 2013–14 UEFA Europa League round of 32 match between Dynamo Kyiv and Valencia CF on 20 February 2014, which ended in 0–2 Valencia win.\n\nIn the 2016–17 domestic league season, tenants APOEL drew the highest average home attendance (7,126).\n\nAverage attendances\nThe all-time attendance record for the football stadium is 23,043 tickets in the match between APOEL and Omonia for the 2002–03 Cypriot First Division. The match was held on 7 December 2002 and ended in a goalless draw.\n\nThe record of the highest attendance for a European Competition game is 22,701 tickets in the match between APOEL and Olympique Lyonnais for the 2011–12 UEFA Champions League last-16. The match was held on 7 March 2012 and ended with a 1–0 win for APOEL after extra time and 4–3 win on penalties.\n\nSource: European Football Statistics\n\nAttributes\n\nThe Club\nThe Gymnastic Association Pancypria was founded in 1894 with the initiative of the lawyer Theofanis Theodotou and the doctors Antonios Theodotou and Aristofanis Fenievs.\n\nIn 1896, the G.S. Pancypria participated in the A' Pancyprian Games which took place in the G.S. Olympia Stadium in Limassol. Since then it has participated in all pancyprian games because the Pancyprian Games became a significant national feast for Cyprus, during which the stadium, where the games were taking place, was decorated with Greek flags and the national desires were proclaimed .\n\nReferences\n\n1999 establishments in Cyprus\nFootball venues in Cyprus\nAthletics (track and field) venues in Cyprus\nMulti-purpose stadiums in Cyprus\nCyprus\nSports venues in Cyprus\nSports venues completed in 1999\nSport in Nicosia\nMusic venues in Cyprus\nBuildings and structures in Nicosia",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
Kifimbocheza
|
Katika utarakilishi, kifimbocheza (kwa Kiingereza: joystick) ni kifaa cha michezo ya video kilicho kama fimbo inayopinduka ili kudhibiti michezo hiyo.
Marejeo
Kahigi, K. K. (2007). Ujanibishaji wa Office 2003 na Windows XP kwa Kiswahili Sanifu. Kioo cha Lugha, 5(1)
Kompyuta
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Kifimbocheza",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Katika utarakilishi, kifimbocheza (kwa Kiingereza: joystick) ni kifaa cha michezo ya video kilicho kama fimbo inayopinduka ili kudhibiti michezo hiyo.\n\nMarejeo \n Kahigi, K. K. (2007). Ujanibishaji wa Office 2003 na Windows XP kwa Kiswahili Sanifu. Kioo cha Lugha, 5(1)\n\nKompyuta",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kisuke
|
Kisuke ni kata ya Wilaya ya Ushetu katika Mkoa wa Shinyanga, Tanzania.
Hadi mwaka 2015 kata ya Kisuke ilikuwa inajumuisha vijiji zaidi ya 12 ambavyo ni: Kisuke, Kalaba, Nyamilangano, Bukomela, Nussa, Ngokolo, Mitonga, Mapamba, Kawekunelela, Itumbo, Kalaba na Ipilinga.
Baada ya hapo kata hiyo kubwa iligawanywa na kutengeneza kata nne yaani: Kisuke, Nyamilangano, Bukomela na Mapamba. Kata ya Kisuke imebaki na vijiji vinne tu: Kisuke (makao makuu ya kata), Itumbo, Kalaba na Ipilinga.
Idadi ya wakazi
Kwa mujibu wa sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao 10,467 waishio humo. Wakazi wengi wa kata hii ni Wakristo na Waislamu, huku idadi ndogo ya watu wakiwa ni wasiofungamana na dini yoyote.
Eneo la kihistoria
Kata ya Kisuke iliwahi kutembelewa na Rais wa kwanza wa Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania, Julius K. Nyerere, mnamo mwaka 1973 alipofanya uzinduzi wa Ofisi ya CCM kata ya Kisuke ambayo mpaka leo ipo na inaendelea kutumika.
Elimu
Kata ya Kisuke ina Shule za msingi mbili: Shule Ya Msingi Kisuke na Shule Ya Msingi Itumbo. Pia kuna mradi wa kujenga shule nyingine mbili katika vijiji vya Ipilinga na Kalaba.
Huduma za afya
Kata ina kituo cha afya kilichopo katika senta ya Kisuke kilichojengwa mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 1990.
Uchumi
Wakazi wa kata ya Kisuke wanajishughulisha sana na kilimo na ufugaji.
Kati ya wazee mashuhuri wa kata hii kuna Nyahinga Katumbati, mfugaji wa nyuki mkubwa, John Lutonja, na Bulyankulu Ng'ombejanke, mfugaji katika kijiji cha Itumbo na Athumani Mabumba, mjasiriamali katika kijiji hichohicho.
Biashara
Kata ina magulio mawili: gulio la Kisuke lililopo katika mtaa wa Mji Mwema, kijiji cha Kisuke, na gulio la Itumbo lililopo katika mtaa wa Senta, kijiji cha Itumbo.
Marejeo
Mkoa wa Shinyanga
Wilaya ya Ushetu
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kisuke",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Kisuke ni kata ya Wilaya ya Ushetu katika Mkoa wa Shinyanga, Tanzania. \n\nHadi mwaka 2015 kata ya Kisuke ilikuwa inajumuisha vijiji zaidi ya 12 ambavyo ni: Kisuke, Kalaba, Nyamilangano, Bukomela, Nussa, Ngokolo, Mitonga, Mapamba, Kawekunelela, Itumbo, Kalaba na Ipilinga. \n\nBaada ya hapo kata hiyo kubwa iligawanywa na kutengeneza kata nne yaani: Kisuke, Nyamilangano, Bukomela na Mapamba. Kata ya Kisuke imebaki na vijiji vinne tu: Kisuke (makao makuu ya kata), Itumbo, Kalaba na Ipilinga.\n\nIdadi ya wakazi\nKwa mujibu wa sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao 10,467 waishio humo. Wakazi wengi wa kata hii ni Wakristo na Waislamu, huku idadi ndogo ya watu wakiwa ni wasiofungamana na dini yoyote.\n\nEneo la kihistoria\nKata ya Kisuke iliwahi kutembelewa na Rais wa kwanza wa Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania, Julius K. Nyerere, mnamo mwaka 1973 alipofanya uzinduzi wa Ofisi ya CCM kata ya Kisuke ambayo mpaka leo ipo na inaendelea kutumika.\n\nElimu\nKata ya Kisuke ina Shule za msingi mbili: Shule Ya Msingi Kisuke na Shule Ya Msingi Itumbo. Pia kuna mradi wa kujenga shule nyingine mbili katika vijiji vya Ipilinga na Kalaba.\n\nHuduma za afya\nKata ina kituo cha afya kilichopo katika senta ya Kisuke kilichojengwa mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 1990.\n\nUchumi\nWakazi wa kata ya Kisuke wanajishughulisha sana na kilimo na ufugaji. \n\nKati ya wazee mashuhuri wa kata hii kuna Nyahinga Katumbati, mfugaji wa nyuki mkubwa, John Lutonja, na Bulyankulu Ng'ombejanke, mfugaji katika kijiji cha Itumbo na Athumani Mabumba, mjasiriamali katika kijiji hichohicho.\n\nBiashara\nKata ina magulio mawili: gulio la Kisuke lililopo katika mtaa wa Mji Mwema, kijiji cha Kisuke, na gulio la Itumbo lililopo katika mtaa wa Senta, kijiji cha Itumbo.\n\nMarejeo\n\nMkoa wa Shinyanga\nWilaya ya Ushetu",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konje
|
Konje (Martes) ni jenasi ya wanyama wadogo wa familia Mustelidae wenye miili myembamba na mikia mirefu.
Jenasi
Jenasi Martes
Konje wa Amerika, Martes americana (American Marten)
Konje Koo-njano, Martes flavigula (Yellow-throated Marten)
Konje-mawe, Martes foina (Beech Marten)
Konje wa Nilgiri, Martes gwatkinsii (Nilgiri Marten)
Konje wa Ulaya, Martes martes (Pine Marten)
Konje wa Japani, Martes melampus (Japanese Marten)
Konje-mvuvi, Martes pennanti (Fisher)
Konje wa Siberia, Martes zibellina (Sable)
Wanyama
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konje",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Konje (Martes) ni jenasi ya wanyama wadogo wa familia Mustelidae wenye miili myembamba na mikia mirefu.\n\nJenasi\nJenasi Martes\nKonje wa Amerika, Martes americana (American Marten)\nKonje Koo-njano, Martes flavigula (Yellow-throated Marten)\nKonje-mawe, Martes foina (Beech Marten)\nKonje wa Nilgiri, Martes gwatkinsii (Nilgiri Marten)\nKonje wa Ulaya, Martes martes (Pine Marten)\nKonje wa Japani, Martes melampus (Japanese Marten)\nKonje-mvuvi, Martes pennanti (Fisher)\nKonje wa Siberia, Martes zibellina (Sable)\n\nWanyama",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collection%20%28Tracy%20Chapman%20album%29
|
Collection is a greatest hits album by American singer-songwriter Tracy Chapman, released on October 30, 2001, by Elektra Records and WEA International.
The album features tracks from Chapman's first five studio albums, including her two U.S. Top 10 hits "Fast Car" and "Give Me One Reason". Other charted singles on this album include "Talkin' 'bout a Revolution", "Baby Can I Hold You", and "Crossroads". It is the first compilation of her career, and the collection received positive reviews. It was followed by the remastered Greatest Hits in 2015 (which was curated by Chapman herself).
Track listing
"Fast Car" – (Tracy Chapman, 1988) 4:58
"Subcity" – (Crossroads, 1989) 5:12
"Baby Can I Hold You" – (Tracy Chapman, 1988) 3:14
"The Promise" – (New Beginning, 1995) 5:28
"I'm Ready" – (New Beginning, 1995) 4:56
"Crossroads" – (Crossroads, 1989) 4:13
"Bang Bang Bang" – (Matters of the Heart, 1992) 4:22
"Telling Stories" – (Telling Stories, 2000) 3:58
"Smoke and Ashes" – (New Beginning, 1995) 6:39
"Speak the Word" – (Telling Stories, 2000) 4:13
"Wedding Song" – (Telling Stories, 2000) 4:36
"Open Arms" – (Matters of the Heart, 1992) 4:34
"Give Me One Reason" – (New Beginning, 1995) 4:29
"Talkin' 'bout a Revolution" – (Tracy Chapman, 1988) 2:40
"She's Got Her Ticket" – (Tracy Chapman, 1988) 3:56
"All That You Have Is Your Soul" – (Crossroads, 1989) 5:15
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Certifications
References
2001 greatest hits albums
Tracy Chapman compilation albums
Albums produced by Don Gehman
Albums produced by David Kershenbaum
Elektra Records compilation albums
Albums produced by Jimmy Iovine
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collection%20%28Tracy%20Chapman%20album%29",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Collection is a greatest hits album by American singer-songwriter Tracy Chapman, released on October 30, 2001, by Elektra Records and WEA International.\n\nThe album features tracks from Chapman's first five studio albums, including her two U.S. Top 10 hits \"Fast Car\" and \"Give Me One Reason\". Other charted singles on this album include \"Talkin' 'bout a Revolution\", \"Baby Can I Hold You\", and \"Crossroads\". It is the first compilation of her career, and the collection received positive reviews. It was followed by the remastered Greatest Hits in 2015 (which was curated by Chapman herself).\n\nTrack listing\n \"Fast Car\" – (Tracy Chapman, 1988) 4:58\n \"Subcity\" – (Crossroads, 1989) 5:12\n \"Baby Can I Hold You\" – (Tracy Chapman, 1988) 3:14\n \"The Promise\" – (New Beginning, 1995) 5:28\n \"I'm Ready\" – (New Beginning, 1995) 4:56\n \"Crossroads\" – (Crossroads, 1989) 4:13\n \"Bang Bang Bang\" – (Matters of the Heart, 1992) 4:22\n \"Telling Stories\" – (Telling Stories, 2000) 3:58\n \"Smoke and Ashes\" – (New Beginning, 1995) 6:39\n \"Speak the Word\" – (Telling Stories, 2000) 4:13\n \"Wedding Song\" – (Telling Stories, 2000) 4:36\n \"Open Arms\" – (Matters of the Heart, 1992) 4:34\n \"Give Me One Reason\" – (New Beginning, 1995) 4:29\n \"Talkin' 'bout a Revolution\" – (Tracy Chapman, 1988) 2:40\n \"She's Got Her Ticket\" – (Tracy Chapman, 1988) 3:56\n \"All That You Have Is Your Soul\" – (Crossroads, 1989) 5:15\n\nCharts\n\nWeekly charts\n\nYear-end charts\n\nCertifications\n\nReferences\n\n2001 greatest hits albums\nTracy Chapman compilation albums\nAlbums produced by Don Gehman\nAlbums produced by David Kershenbaum\nElektra Records compilation albums\nAlbums produced by Jimmy Iovine",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mto%20Nyakarazo
|
ni korongo linalopatikana kaskazini mwa Burundi (mkoa wa Muyinga).
Maji yake huelekea Mto Naili na hatimaye Bahari ya Kati.
Tazama pia
Orodha ya mito ya mkoa wa Muyinga
Orodha ya mito ya Burundi
Mito mirefu ya Afrika
Tanbihi
Viungo vya nje
Geonames.org
Mkoa wa Muyinga
N
Nile
Mediteranea
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mto%20Nyakarazo",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "ni korongo linalopatikana kaskazini mwa Burundi (mkoa wa Muyinga).\n\nMaji yake huelekea Mto Naili na hatimaye Bahari ya Kati.\n\nTazama pia\n Orodha ya mito ya mkoa wa Muyinga\n Orodha ya mito ya Burundi\n Mito mirefu ya Afrika\n\nTanbihi\n\nViungo vya nje\n Geonames.org\n\nMkoa wa Muyinga\nN\nNile\nMediteranea",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
Gidihim
|
Gidihim ni kata ya Wilaya ya Mbulu katika Mkoa wa Manyara, Tanzania. Kwa mujibu wa sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao 11,198 waishio humo.
Marejeo
Wilaya ya Mbulu
Mkoa wa Manyara
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Gidihim",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Gidihim ni kata ya Wilaya ya Mbulu katika Mkoa wa Manyara, Tanzania. Kwa mujibu wa sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao 11,198 waishio humo.\n\nMarejeo \n\nWilaya ya Mbulu\nMkoa wa Manyara",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
Martigues
|
Martigues ni mji wa Ufaransa kusini, kwenye Bahari ya Kati.
Tazama pia
Orodha ya miji ya Ufaransa
Viungo vya nje
Miji ya Ufaransa
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Miji ya pwani ya Mediteranea
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Martigues",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Martigues ni mji wa Ufaransa kusini, kwenye Bahari ya Kati.\n\nTazama pia \n Orodha ya miji ya Ufaransa\n\nViungo vya nje \n\nMiji ya Ufaransa\nProvence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur\nMiji ya pwani ya Mediteranea",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anil%20Madhav%20Dave
|
Anil Madhav Dave (6 Julai 1956 - 18 Mei 2017) alikuwa mwanamazingira na mwanasiasa kutoka India. Mwanachama wa Chama cha Bharatiya Janata, aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Nchi anayeshughulikia Mazingira, Misitu na Mabadiliko ya Hali ya Hewa katika wizara ya Narendra Modi kuanzia Julai 2016 hadi wakati wa kifo chake Mei 2017.
Marejeo
Waliozaliwa 1956
Waliofariki 2017
Wanaume wa Uhindi
Wanasiasa wa Uhindi
Swahili climate voices
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anil%20Madhav%20Dave",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Anil Madhav Dave (6 Julai 1956 - 18 Mei 2017) alikuwa mwanamazingira na mwanasiasa kutoka India. Mwanachama wa Chama cha Bharatiya Janata, aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Nchi anayeshughulikia Mazingira, Misitu na Mabadiliko ya Hali ya Hewa katika wizara ya Narendra Modi kuanzia Julai 2016 hadi wakati wa kifo chake Mei 2017.\n\nMarejeo \n\nWaliozaliwa 1956\nWaliofariki 2017\nWanaume wa Uhindi\nWanasiasa wa Uhindi\nSwahili climate voices",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilaya%20ya%20Busia%2C%20Kenya
|
Busia ilikuwa wilaya mojawapo ya Mkoa wa Magharibi wa Jamhuri ya Kenya hadi ilipopitishwa katiba mpya ya nchi (2010).
Ilikuwa inapakana na Wilaya ya Kakamega mashariki, Wilaya ya Bungoma kaskazini, Wilaya ya Busia, Uganda upande wa magharibi, na Ziwa Victoria upande wa kusini.
Makao makuu yalikuwa mjini Busia.
Kwa sasa imekuwa kaunti ya Busia.
Shughuli kuu ya kiuchumi ni biashara na nchi jirani ya Uganda, pamoja na mji wa Busia kituo cha mpakani.
Mbali na mji, uchumi wa wilaya hutegemea sana uvuvi na kilimo, mazao msingi yakiwa pamoja na mihogo, mtama, viazi vitamu, maharagwe, na mahindi.
Wilaya ya Busia ni makao ya kabila la Waluhya nchini Kenya ambao wanapatikana hasa katika sehemu za Magharibi mwa Kenya. Wilaya hii ilikuwa na wakazi 370,608 (1999 sensa).
Wilaya ya Busia ina maeneo bunge manne:
Eneo bunge la Nambale
Eneo bunge la Butula
Eneo bunge la Funyula
Eneo bunge la Budalangi
Tazama pia
Namboboto, kijiji katika Wilaya ya Busia.
Busia, Kenya
Busia, Uganda
Wilaya ya Busia, Uganda
Marejeo
Viungo vya nje
Ramani ya Wilaya ya Busia
Mkoa wa Magharibi, Kenya
B
Kaunti ya Busia
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilaya%20ya%20Busia%2C%20Kenya",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Busia ilikuwa wilaya mojawapo ya Mkoa wa Magharibi wa Jamhuri ya Kenya hadi ilipopitishwa katiba mpya ya nchi (2010). \n\nIlikuwa inapakana na Wilaya ya Kakamega mashariki, Wilaya ya Bungoma kaskazini, Wilaya ya Busia, Uganda upande wa magharibi, na Ziwa Victoria upande wa kusini.\n\nMakao makuu yalikuwa mjini Busia.\n\nKwa sasa imekuwa kaunti ya Busia.\n\nShughuli kuu ya kiuchumi ni biashara na nchi jirani ya Uganda, pamoja na mji wa Busia kituo cha mpakani. \n\nMbali na mji, uchumi wa wilaya hutegemea sana uvuvi na kilimo, mazao msingi yakiwa pamoja na mihogo, mtama, viazi vitamu, maharagwe, na mahindi.\n\nWilaya ya Busia ni makao ya kabila la Waluhya nchini Kenya ambao wanapatikana hasa katika sehemu za Magharibi mwa Kenya. Wilaya hii ilikuwa na wakazi 370,608 (1999 sensa).\n\nWilaya ya Busia ina maeneo bunge manne: \n\nEneo bunge la Nambale\nEneo bunge la Butula\nEneo bunge la Funyula\nEneo bunge la Budalangi\n\nTazama pia \nNamboboto, kijiji katika Wilaya ya Busia.\nBusia, Kenya\nBusia, Uganda\nWilaya ya Busia, Uganda\n\nMarejeo\n\nViungo vya nje \nRamani ya Wilaya ya Busia \n\nMkoa wa Magharibi, Kenya\nB\nKaunti ya Busia",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mto%20Orichinga
|
unapatikana katika wilaya ya Kibaale, magharibi mwa Uganda.
Maji yake yanaishia katika mto Naili na hatimaye katika Bahari ya Kati.
Tazama pia
Orodha ya mito ya Uganda
Orodha ya mito ya wilaya ya Kibaale
Tanbihi
Viungo vya nje
Geonames.org
Rivers and Lakes of Uganda.
Wilaya ya Kibaale
Mito ya Uganda
Nile
Mediteranea
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mto%20Orichinga",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "unapatikana katika wilaya ya Kibaale, magharibi mwa Uganda. \n\nMaji yake yanaishia katika mto Naili na hatimaye katika Bahari ya Kati.\n\nTazama pia\n Orodha ya mito ya Uganda\n Orodha ya mito ya wilaya ya Kibaale\n\nTanbihi\n\nViungo vya nje\n Geonames.org\nRivers and Lakes of Uganda.\n\nWilaya ya Kibaale\nMito ya Uganda\nNile\nMediteranea",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yangtze%20%28mto%29
|
Mto Yangtze (pia: Changjiang) ni mto mkubwa nchini China na pia mto mrefu wa Asia yote. Duniani huhesabiwa kama mto mrefu wa tatu baada ya Amazonas na Naili).
Mwendo wake wote wa kilomita 6,300 pamoja na kilomita 2,800 zinazotumiwa na meli uko ndani ya China.
Chanzo chake iko katika nyanda za juu za Tibet. Inafuata mwelekeo wa kusini-mashariki hadi kilomita 1,500 baada ya chanzo. Hapa inasimamishwa na milima yenye mawe magumu na kugeuka ikuelekea sasa kwenda kaskazini-mashariki.
Katikati ya mwendo wake mto hupita kwenye mabode makali. Hapa serikali ya China iliamua kujenga lambo la magenge matatu linalo umbara zake zimeonakana kwa sababu watu milioni 1.5 walipaswa kuhamishwa na tayari tatizo la matope kujaza ziwa nyuma ya lambo limeshaanza.
Kuna miji mingi mikubwa inayotegemea mto huu na machafuko kutoka ya viwanda vyao yamekuwa tatizo.
Katika historia mwendo wa Yangtze ilikuwa mpaka kati ya China ya kaskazini na China ya kusini.
Mito ya China
|
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"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yangtze%20%28mto%29",
"role": "user"
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"content": "Mto Yangtze (pia: Changjiang) ni mto mkubwa nchini China na pia mto mrefu wa Asia yote. Duniani huhesabiwa kama mto mrefu wa tatu baada ya Amazonas na Naili).\n\nMwendo wake wote wa kilomita 6,300 pamoja na kilomita 2,800 zinazotumiwa na meli uko ndani ya China. \n\nChanzo chake iko katika nyanda za juu za Tibet. Inafuata mwelekeo wa kusini-mashariki hadi kilomita 1,500 baada ya chanzo. Hapa inasimamishwa na milima yenye mawe magumu na kugeuka ikuelekea sasa kwenda kaskazini-mashariki.\n\nKatikati ya mwendo wake mto hupita kwenye mabode makali. Hapa serikali ya China iliamua kujenga lambo la magenge matatu linalo umbara zake zimeonakana kwa sababu watu milioni 1.5 walipaswa kuhamishwa na tayari tatizo la matope kujaza ziwa nyuma ya lambo limeshaanza.\n\nKuna miji mingi mikubwa inayotegemea mto huu na machafuko kutoka ya viwanda vyao yamekuwa tatizo.\n\nKatika historia mwendo wa Yangtze ilikuwa mpaka kati ya China ya kaskazini na China ya kusini.\n\nMito ya China",
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] |
Kızılören
|
Kızılören is a rural town of Afyonkarahisar Province, Turkey, 26 km from the towns of Sandıklı and Dinar, near the road to Ankara. It is the seat of Kızılören District. Its population is 1,377 (2021), down from 6,000 in 1990.
Economy
Kızılören is a poor district and many people have left in search of jobs in nearby Denizli, Antalya, Eskişehir and other industrial cities in Turkey and Europe.
References
Populated places in Afyonkarahisar Province
District municipalities in Turkey
Kızılören District
|
[
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"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
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{
"content": "Kızılören",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Kızılören is a rural town of Afyonkarahisar Province, Turkey, 26 km from the towns of Sandıklı and Dinar, near the road to Ankara. It is the seat of Kızılören District. Its population is 1,377 (2021), down from 6,000 in 1990.\n\nEconomy\nKızılören is a poor district and many people have left in search of jobs in nearby Denizli, Antalya, Eskişehir and other industrial cities in Turkey and Europe.\n\nReferences\n\nPopulated places in Afyonkarahisar Province\nDistrict municipalities in Turkey\nKızılören District",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
Deng Xiaoping
|
Dèng Xiǎopíng (22 Agosti 1904 – 19 Februari 1997) alikuwa mwanamapinduzi, mwanasiasa na mwanamageuzi muhimu wa China. Alikuwa kiongozi wa Chama cha Kikomunisti cha China (CPC).
Deng hakupata kamwe kuwa na cheo cha mkuu wa nchi au kiongozi wa serikali, lakini hali halisi alikuwa kiongozi mkuu wa Jamhuri ya Watu wa China kutoka mwaka 1978 hadi miaka ya 1990. Anatazamwa kuwa kiongozi aliyeachana na ukomunisti mkali wa Mao Zedong na kuweka msingi kwa China kutoka kwenye umaskini kwa kuruhusu mali binafsi na uchumi wa soko huria.
Deng alizaliwa Guang'an, Sichuan. Alikufa kwa maambukizi na ugonjwa wa Parkinson huko Beijing, mwenye umri wa miaka 92.
Maisha ya mapema na familia
Baba yake, Deng Wenming, alimiliki mashamba yaliyolimwa kwa msaada wa wafanyakazi. Mwenyewew aliwahi kusoma sheria alifundisha pia katika shule aliyoanzisha. Alitaka watoto wake waweze kusoma. Mama yake Deng alikufa mapema katika maisha yake. Deng alikuwa na kaka watatu na dada watatu.
Mke wa kwanza wa Deng alikuwa mmoja wa wanafunzi wenzake kutoka Moscow. Alifariki akiwa na umri wa miaka 24 siku chache baada ya kujifungua mtoto wa kwanza wa Deng, ambaye alikuwa wa kike. Binti huyu naye alifariki. Mke wake wa pili alikuwa Jin Weiying. Jin alimwacha baada ya Deng kushambuliwa katika siasa 1933. Mkewe wa tatu Zhuo Lin alikuwa binti wa mfanyabiashara wa viwanda katika mkoa wa Yunnan. Alikuwa mwanachama wa Chama cha Kikomunisti mnamo 1938. Yeye na Deng walifunga ndoa mwaka wa 1939 mbele ya pango la nyumba ya Mao huko Yan'an. Walikuwa na watoto watano: mabinti watatu (Deng Lin, Deng Nan na Deng Rong) na wavulana wawili (Deng Pufang na Deng Zhifang).
Elimu
Mwaka 1919 Deng Xiaoping alihitimu kutoka Shule ya Chongqing. Pamoja na wanafunzi wenzake 80 walipokewa katika mradi wa kusoma Ufaransa wakasafiri pamoja kwa meli. Walikuwa sehemu ya programu ya masomo na kazi iliyofadhiliwa. Deng alikuwa kijana kati ya wanafunzi wote wenzake kutoka China akiwa na umri wa miaka 15. Baba ya Deng aliunga mkono sana mpango wa mwanawe kufanya kazi ya kusoma nje ya nchi. Deng alimwambia baba yake alitaka "kujifunza maarifa na ukweli kutoka Magharibi ili kuokoa China." Deng alijua kuwa Uchina inateseka. Alifikiri watu wa China lazima wawe na elimu ya kisasa ili kuokoa nchi yao.
Muda mfupi baada ya kufika, taasisi iliyofadhili masomo ya Deng ilifilisika. Deng alijikuta bila msaada wowote alipaswa kutafuta kazi na kukubali shughuli za duni kabisa kwa malipo madogo. Wanafunzi hao kutoka China walitoka kwenye familia za wenye hela lakini hapa walijikuta sasa kwenye ngazi ya chini kabisa. Walishikamana kati yao wakajiunga na harakati ya kisiasa na baadaye chama cha kikomunisti. Kule Ufaransa Deng alikutana na watu wangi walioendelea baadaye kuwa viongozi China: Zhou Enlai, Nie Rongzhen, Cai Hesen, Zhao Shiyan na Li Wenhai. Deng aliendelea kuwa mmoja wa viongozi wa umoja wa vijana wa chama hicho katika Ulaya.
Mnamo 1926, Deng alisafiri kwenda Umoja wa Kisovyeti akasoma kwenye Chuo Kikuu cha Sun Yat-sen mjini Moscow. Mmoja wa wanafunzi wenzake alikuwa Chiang Ching-kuo, mwana wa Chiang Kai-shek .
Kurudi China
Mnamo Machi 1927, Deng alisafiri kutoka Moscow hadi Xi'an kwenye kaskazini-magharibi mwa China.
Wakati ule, wakomunisti Warusi waliunga mkono wa ushirikiano wa Wakomunisti Wachina na Mwelekeo wa kizalendo wa Kuomintang. Deng alitumwa kumsaidia mmoja wa majemadari wazalendo akifundisha katika chuo cha kijeshi. Lakini mwaka huohuo ushirikiano wa wazalendo na wakomunisti ukavunjika na Wakomunisti wote walipaswa kuondoka.
Vyanzo vya ukomunisti
Deng alikwenda Wuhan alipopata ajira kwenye ofisi ya chama cha kikomunisti. Hapa alikutana tena na Zhou Enlai aliyemfahamu kutoka Ufaransa na pia mara ya kwanza na Mao Dzedong.
Kwenye Oktoba 1927 ofisi ilihamishwa Shanghai na Deng aliendelea kufanya kazi ya kiofisi. Wakati huo alianza kupanda ngazi ndani ya chama akifahamika na kuheshimiwa na wengi. Hapa alioa mara ya kwanza, mke wake alikuwa Zhang Xiyuan aliyemfahamu kutoka wakati wake huko Moscow.
Mnamo 1929 Deng aliongoza Maasi ya Baise katika jimbo la Guangxi dhidi ya serikali ya Kuomintang (KMT). Maasi hayo yalishindwa, na Deng akaenda eneo la Sovieti ya Kati katika jimbo la Jiangxi.
Kazi ya kisiasa
Deng alienda kwenye Long March na Mao. Wakati wa Uvamizi wa Kijapani wa Uchina, alijiunga na Jeshi la Njia ya Nane lililoongozwa na Liu Bocheng . Baada ya Vita Kuu ya II alikuwa sehemu ya mazungumzo ya amani kati ya Wakomunisti na Kuomintang. Mazungumzo haya yameshindwa. Tarehe 1 Oktoba 1949, Deng alikuwa katika kutangaza Jamhuri ya Watu wa China huko Beijing. Deng alikua meya wa Chongqing na alikaa huko hadi 1952. Kuanzia 1952 hadi mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 1960 Deng alikuwa na nyadhifa nyingi za nguvu serikalini huko Beijing. Lakini, akawa mlengwa wa mikondo miwili ya kisiasa: Mapinduzi ya Kitamaduni na Kampeni ya Kumkosoa Deng mnamo 1976. Deng alisema kuwa Mapinduzi ya Utamaduni yalikuwa mabaya kwa China mwaka 1977 na kuanza "Beijing Spring." China ilianza kufungua zaidi mwaka 1978-79. Deng alifanya kazi kurekebisha uchumi wa China na kuongeza mauzo ya nje katika miaka ya 1980. Maandamano ya Tiananmen Square mwaka 1989 yalimdhoofisha. Alistaafu siasa mwaka 1992.
Nukuu maarufu
⎡ 不管黑猫白猫,能捉老鼠就是好猫。⎦ Usijali kama ni paka mweusi au paka mweupe; muda mrefu kama ni uwezo wa kukamata panya, ni paka nzuri.
⎡ 摸着石頭過河。⎦Tafsiri: Ili kuvuka mto wenye kina kifupi, ni lazima mtu afuate mawe chini ya maji.
⎡小朋友不聴话,該打打屁股了。⎦ Tafsiri: Ni wakati wa kupiga chini kabisa watoto wadogo wasiotii. (Alipomjulisha rais Jimmy Carter wakati wa ziara yake nchini Marekani, kwamba China ilikuwa tayari kuingia vitani na Vietnam . )
Marejeo
Viungo vya nje
Life of Deng Xiaoping
Waliofariki 1997
Waliozaliwa 1904
Wanasiasa wa China
|
[
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"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
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"content": "Deng Xiaoping",
"role": "user"
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"content": "Dèng Xiǎopíng (22 Agosti 1904 – 19 Februari 1997) alikuwa mwanamapinduzi, mwanasiasa na mwanamageuzi muhimu wa China. Alikuwa kiongozi wa Chama cha Kikomunisti cha China (CPC). \n\nDeng hakupata kamwe kuwa na cheo cha mkuu wa nchi au kiongozi wa serikali, lakini hali halisi alikuwa kiongozi mkuu wa Jamhuri ya Watu wa China kutoka mwaka 1978 hadi miaka ya 1990. Anatazamwa kuwa kiongozi aliyeachana na ukomunisti mkali wa Mao Zedong na kuweka msingi kwa China kutoka kwenye umaskini kwa kuruhusu mali binafsi na uchumi wa soko huria.\n\nDeng alizaliwa Guang'an, Sichuan. Alikufa kwa maambukizi na ugonjwa wa Parkinson huko Beijing, mwenye umri wa miaka 92.\n\nMaisha ya mapema na familia \nBaba yake, Deng Wenming, alimiliki mashamba yaliyolimwa kwa msaada wa wafanyakazi. Mwenyewew aliwahi kusoma sheria alifundisha pia katika shule aliyoanzisha. Alitaka watoto wake waweze kusoma. Mama yake Deng alikufa mapema katika maisha yake. Deng alikuwa na kaka watatu na dada watatu. \n\nMke wa kwanza wa Deng alikuwa mmoja wa wanafunzi wenzake kutoka Moscow. Alifariki akiwa na umri wa miaka 24 siku chache baada ya kujifungua mtoto wa kwanza wa Deng, ambaye alikuwa wa kike. Binti huyu naye alifariki. Mke wake wa pili alikuwa Jin Weiying. Jin alimwacha baada ya Deng kushambuliwa katika siasa 1933. Mkewe wa tatu Zhuo Lin alikuwa binti wa mfanyabiashara wa viwanda katika mkoa wa Yunnan. Alikuwa mwanachama wa Chama cha Kikomunisti mnamo 1938. Yeye na Deng walifunga ndoa mwaka wa 1939 mbele ya pango la nyumba ya Mao huko Yan'an. Walikuwa na watoto watano: mabinti watatu (Deng Lin, Deng Nan na Deng Rong) na wavulana wawili (Deng Pufang na Deng Zhifang).\n\nElimu \nMwaka 1919 Deng Xiaoping alihitimu kutoka Shule ya Chongqing. Pamoja na wanafunzi wenzake 80 walipokewa katika mradi wa kusoma Ufaransa wakasafiri pamoja kwa meli. Walikuwa sehemu ya programu ya masomo na kazi iliyofadhiliwa. Deng alikuwa kijana kati ya wanafunzi wote wenzake kutoka China akiwa na umri wa miaka 15. Baba ya Deng aliunga mkono sana mpango wa mwanawe kufanya kazi ya kusoma nje ya nchi. Deng alimwambia baba yake alitaka \"kujifunza maarifa na ukweli kutoka Magharibi ili kuokoa China.\" Deng alijua kuwa Uchina inateseka. Alifikiri watu wa China lazima wawe na elimu ya kisasa ili kuokoa nchi yao. \n\nMuda mfupi baada ya kufika, taasisi iliyofadhili masomo ya Deng ilifilisika. Deng alijikuta bila msaada wowote alipaswa kutafuta kazi na kukubali shughuli za duni kabisa kwa malipo madogo. Wanafunzi hao kutoka China walitoka kwenye familia za wenye hela lakini hapa walijikuta sasa kwenye ngazi ya chini kabisa. Walishikamana kati yao wakajiunga na harakati ya kisiasa na baadaye chama cha kikomunisti. Kule Ufaransa Deng alikutana na watu wangi walioendelea baadaye kuwa viongozi China: Zhou Enlai, Nie Rongzhen, Cai Hesen, Zhao Shiyan na Li Wenhai. Deng aliendelea kuwa mmoja wa viongozi wa umoja wa vijana wa chama hicho katika Ulaya.\n\nMnamo 1926, Deng alisafiri kwenda Umoja wa Kisovyeti akasoma kwenye Chuo Kikuu cha Sun Yat-sen mjini Moscow. Mmoja wa wanafunzi wenzake alikuwa Chiang Ching-kuo, mwana wa Chiang Kai-shek .\n\nKurudi China \nMnamo Machi 1927, Deng alisafiri kutoka Moscow hadi Xi'an kwenye kaskazini-magharibi mwa China. \n\nWakati ule, wakomunisti Warusi waliunga mkono wa ushirikiano wa Wakomunisti Wachina na Mwelekeo wa kizalendo wa Kuomintang. Deng alitumwa kumsaidia mmoja wa majemadari wazalendo akifundisha katika chuo cha kijeshi. Lakini mwaka huohuo ushirikiano wa wazalendo na wakomunisti ukavunjika na Wakomunisti wote walipaswa kuondoka.\n\nVyanzo vya ukomunisti\nDeng alikwenda Wuhan alipopata ajira kwenye ofisi ya chama cha kikomunisti. Hapa alikutana tena na Zhou Enlai aliyemfahamu kutoka Ufaransa na pia mara ya kwanza na Mao Dzedong. \n\nKwenye Oktoba 1927 ofisi ilihamishwa Shanghai na Deng aliendelea kufanya kazi ya kiofisi. Wakati huo alianza kupanda ngazi ndani ya chama akifahamika na kuheshimiwa na wengi. Hapa alioa mara ya kwanza, mke wake alikuwa Zhang Xiyuan aliyemfahamu kutoka wakati wake huko Moscow. \n\nMnamo 1929 Deng aliongoza Maasi ya Baise katika jimbo la Guangxi dhidi ya serikali ya Kuomintang (KMT). Maasi hayo yalishindwa, na Deng akaenda eneo la Sovieti ya Kati katika jimbo la Jiangxi.\n\nKazi ya kisiasa \nDeng alienda kwenye Long March na Mao. Wakati wa Uvamizi wa Kijapani wa Uchina, alijiunga na Jeshi la Njia ya Nane lililoongozwa na Liu Bocheng . Baada ya Vita Kuu ya II alikuwa sehemu ya mazungumzo ya amani kati ya Wakomunisti na Kuomintang. Mazungumzo haya yameshindwa. Tarehe 1 Oktoba 1949, Deng alikuwa katika kutangaza Jamhuri ya Watu wa China huko Beijing. Deng alikua meya wa Chongqing na alikaa huko hadi 1952. Kuanzia 1952 hadi mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 1960 Deng alikuwa na nyadhifa nyingi za nguvu serikalini huko Beijing. Lakini, akawa mlengwa wa mikondo miwili ya kisiasa: Mapinduzi ya Kitamaduni na Kampeni ya Kumkosoa Deng mnamo 1976. Deng alisema kuwa Mapinduzi ya Utamaduni yalikuwa mabaya kwa China mwaka 1977 na kuanza \"Beijing Spring.\" China ilianza kufungua zaidi mwaka 1978-79. Deng alifanya kazi kurekebisha uchumi wa China na kuongeza mauzo ya nje katika miaka ya 1980. Maandamano ya Tiananmen Square mwaka 1989 yalimdhoofisha. Alistaafu siasa mwaka 1992.\n\nNukuu maarufu \n ⎡ 不管黑猫白猫,能捉老鼠就是好猫。⎦ Usijali kama ni paka mweusi au paka mweupe; muda mrefu kama ni uwezo wa kukamata panya, ni paka nzuri.\n ⎡ 摸着石頭過河。⎦Tafsiri: Ili kuvuka mto wenye kina kifupi, ni lazima mtu afuate mawe chini ya maji.\n ⎡小朋友不聴话,該打打屁股了。⎦ Tafsiri: Ni wakati wa kupiga chini kabisa watoto wadogo wasiotii. (Alipomjulisha rais Jimmy Carter wakati wa ziara yake nchini Marekani, kwamba China ilikuwa tayari kuingia vitani na Vietnam . )\n\nMarejeo\n\nViungo vya nje \n Life of Deng Xiaoping \nWaliofariki 1997\nWaliozaliwa 1904\nWanasiasa wa China",
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20submarine%20classes%20in%20service
|
The list of submarine classes in service includes all submarine classes currently in service with navies or other armed forces worldwide. For surface combatants, see the list of naval ship classes in service.
Ballistic missile submarines
Cruise missile submarines
Nuclear-powered attack submarines
Non-nuclear attack submarines with air-independent propulsion (AIP)
Agosta-90B class submarine
Builder:
Displacement: 1,725 tons
Operators:
: 3 in service
Builder: ,
Displacement: 1,800 tons
Operators: : 2 building
(Dolphin-2; AIP-variant)
Builder:
Displacement: 1,900 tons
Operator: : 3 AIP in-service/sea trials, 3 AIP ordered
Builder: ,
Displacement: 1,647 tons
Operators: : 3 in service
Qing-class submarine
Builder:
Displacement: 6,628 tons
Operator: : 1 in service
Builder:
Displacement: 3,426 tons
Operator: : 1 on sea trials; 3 more building
Builder: /
Displacement: 1,590 tons
Operator:
: 4 ordered/building
: 2 in service
: 4 in service , 1 under trials, 1 under construction, known as
: 2 in service
Builder:
Displacement: 4,200 tons
Operators: : 12 in service, last two boats not equipped with AIP in favour of larger battery
Type 212 submarine
Builders: /
Displacement: 1,830/2,500 tons ("A" or "CD" variant)
Operators:
: 6 in service (A), 2 more ordered (CD)
: 4 in service (A), 3 more ordered with option for a fourth (A) – known as the Todaro-class
: 4 ordered (CD)
Type 214 submarine
Builder:
Displacement: 1,980 tons
Operators:
: 4 in service
: 8 in service, 1 building/ordered
: 2 in service
: 6 ordered
/
Builder:
Displacement: 1,145 tons
Operator:
: 2 in service
: 2 on a delivery program
Yuan class
Builder:
Displacement: 3,600 tons
Operator:
: 17 in service, 3 building
: 4 building, 4 on order
Diesel-electric attack submarines
Builder: /
Displacement: 1,725 tons
Operators:
: 2 in service
: 2 in service
(ex-)
Builder:
Displacement: 1,210 tons
Operator: : 2 in service
Builder:
Displacement: 3,050 tons
Operator: : 6 in service
(Dolphin-1; non-AIP variant)
Builder:
Displacement: 1,900 tons
Operator: : 3 non-AIP in-service
(Project 877 Paltus and Project 636)
Builder: /
Displacement: 3,100 tons
Operators:
: 8 Kilo, 1 decommissioned, 1 transferred to Myanmar Navy, known as the
: 2 Kilo and 10 Improved Kilo in service
: 11-12 original Kilo (877) in service, 10 Improved Kilo (636.3) in service, 3 Improved Kilo building/ordered
: 2 Original Kilo and 2 Improved Kilo
: 1 Kilo
: 3 Kilo
: 1 Kilo no longer active; used for dockside training
Vietnam People's Navy: 6 Improved Kilo in service
: 1 Kilo transferred from Indian Navy
(Project 677 Lada)
Builder:
Displacement: 2,700 tons
Operators: : 1st boat decommissioned for scrapping; 2nd on sea trials; 4 more building/ordered (AIP propulsion originally considered but, according to shipbuilder, not incorporated)
Ming class (Type 035)
Builder:
Displacement: 2,100 tons
Operator:
: 14 in service
: 2 in service
: 1 in service
Nagapasa class
Builder: /
Displacement: 1,400 tons
Operator:
: 3 in service
Builder:
Displacement: 4,000 tons
Operator: : 11 in service, 2 as training ships
Builder:
Displacement: 1,653 tons
Operator: : 4 in service
Song class
Builder:
Displacement: 2,250 tons
Operator: : 13 in service
Builder:
Displacement: 4,300 tons
Operator: : 1 launched, 7 planned ― equipped with Lithium-ion batteries
Builder:
Displacement: 2116 tons
Operators:: 1 (S-41) inactive (laid up); 2nd boat (S-42) sunk with all hands lost.
Type 209 submarine
Builder:
Displacement: 1,230/1,290/1,586 tons
Operators:
: 1 inactive (used for dockside training)
: 5 in service
: 2 in service
: 2 in service
: 4 in service
: 2 in service
: 6 in service
: 4 in service
: 4 in service; 1 (402) lost with all hands in April 2021
: 6 in service
: 3 in service
: 9 in service
: 12 in service
: 2 (operational status unclear)
Ula class (Type 210)
Builder:
Displacement: 1,150 tons
Operator: : 6 in service
Victoria class (SSK 876)
Builder:
Displacement: 2,400 tons
Operator: : 4 in service
Builder:
Displacement: 2,800 tons
Operator: : 4 in service
Builder:
Displacement: 2,600 tons
Operator: : 2 in service
Builder:
Displacement: 370 tons
Operator: : 40 in service
Builder:
Displacement: 2,000 tons
Operator: : 1 in service
Builder:
Displacement: 593 tons
Operator: : 1 in service
Type 206 submarine
Builder:
Displacement: 500 tons
Operators:
: 2 in service
Midget submarines
Yugo class
Builder:
Displacement: 90 up to 110 tons
Operator: : unknown; : 1;: unknown (reported in inventory as of 2019)
Yono class
Builder:
Displacement: 130 tons
Operator: : <36 in service
Ghadir class
Builder:
Displacement: 115 tons
Operator: : 21 in service
Builder:
Displacement: 350-400 tons
Operator: : 1 in service
Special mission submarines
Belgorod (K-329)
Builder: Sevmash
Displacement: 24,000/30,000 tonnes submerged
Operator:
Losharik
Builder: Sevmash
Displacement: c. 2,000 tonnes submerged
Operator:
LR5 Deep submersible
Builder:
Displacement: 21 tons
Operator: (leased to Royal Australian Navy)
NSRS Deep submergence rescue vehicle
Builder:
Displacement: 41 tons
Operator: (available for NATO)
deep sea rescue submersible (DSRV-1)
Builder:
Displacement: 37 tons
Operator: : 1 in service
special mission submarine (Project 1083.1)
Builder:
Displacement: 730 tons
Operator:
Uniform-class special mission submarine (Project 1910 Kashalot)
Builder: /
Displacement: 1,580 tons
Operator:
Sarov (B-90)
Builder: Krasnoye Sormovo Shipyard and Sevmash
Displacement: c. 4,000 tonnes submerged
Operator:
Al-Sabehat swimmer delivery vehicle
Builder:
Operator:
VAS 525 mini-submarine
Builder: GSE Trieste
Operator: : 1+?
Summary
See also
List of submarine operators
List of naval ship classes in service
List of auxiliary ship classes in service
References
Lists of submarines
|
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},
{
"content": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20submarine%20classes%20in%20service",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The list of submarine classes in service includes all submarine classes currently in service with navies or other armed forces worldwide. For surface combatants, see the list of naval ship classes in service.\n\nBallistic missile submarines\n\nCruise missile submarines\n\nNuclear-powered attack submarines\n\nNon-nuclear attack submarines with air-independent propulsion (AIP) \n\n Agosta-90B class submarine\n Builder: \n Displacement: 1,725 tons\n Operators:\n : 3 in service\n\n \n Builder: , \n Displacement: 1,800 tons\n Operators: : 2 building\n\n (Dolphin-2; AIP-variant)\n Builder: \n Displacement: 1,900 tons\n Operator: : 3 AIP in-service/sea trials, 3 AIP ordered\n\n \n Builder: , \n Displacement: 1,647 tons\n Operators: : 3 in service\nQing-class submarine\nBuilder: \n Displacement: 6,628 tons\n Operator: : 1 in service\n\n Builder: \n Displacement: 3,426 tons\n Operator: : 1 on sea trials; 3 more building\n\n \n Builder: / \n Displacement: 1,590 tons\n Operator: \n: 4 ordered/building\n: 2 in service \n: 4 in service , 1 under trials, 1 under construction, known as \n: 2 in service\n\n \n Builder: \n Displacement: 4,200 tons\n Operators: : 12 in service, last two boats not equipped with AIP in favour of larger battery\n\n Type 212 submarine\n Builders: / \n Displacement: 1,830/2,500 tons (\"A\" or \"CD\" variant)\n Operators: \n: 6 in service (A), 2 more ordered (CD)\n: 4 in service (A), 3 more ordered with option for a fourth (A) – known as the Todaro-class\n: 4 ordered (CD)\n\n Type 214 submarine\n Builder: \n Displacement: 1,980 tons\n Operators:\n : 4 in service\n : 8 in service, 1 building/ordered\n : 2 in service\n : 6 ordered\n\n / \n Builder: \n Displacement: 1,145 tons\n Operator: \n: 2 in service\n: 2 on a delivery program\n\n Yuan class\n Builder: \n Displacement: 3,600 tons\n Operator: \n: 17 in service, 3 building\n: 4 building, 4 on order\n\nDiesel-electric attack submarines \n\n \n Builder: / \n Displacement: 1,725 tons\n Operators:\n : 2 in service\n : 2 in service\n\n (ex-)\n Builder: \n Displacement: 1,210 tons\n Operator: : 2 in service\n\n \n Builder: \n Displacement: 3,050 tons\n Operator: : 6 in service\n\n (Dolphin-1; non-AIP variant)\n Builder: \n Displacement: 1,900 tons\n Operator: : 3 non-AIP in-service\n\n (Project 877 Paltus and Project 636)\n Builder: / \n Displacement: 3,100 tons\n Operators:\n : 8 Kilo, 1 decommissioned, 1 transferred to Myanmar Navy, known as the \n : 2 Kilo and 10 Improved Kilo in service\n : 11-12 original Kilo (877) in service, 10 Improved Kilo (636.3) in service, 3 Improved Kilo building/ordered\n : 2 Original Kilo and 2 Improved Kilo\n : 1 Kilo\n : 3 Kilo\n : 1 Kilo no longer active; used for dockside training\n Vietnam People's Navy: 6 Improved Kilo in service\n : 1 Kilo transferred from Indian Navy\n\n (Project 677 Lada)\n Builder: \n Displacement: 2,700 tons\n Operators: : 1st boat decommissioned for scrapping; 2nd on sea trials; 4 more building/ordered (AIP propulsion originally considered but, according to shipbuilder, not incorporated)\n\n Ming class (Type 035)\n Builder: \n Displacement: 2,100 tons\n Operator: \n: 14 in service\n: 2 in service\n : 1 in service\n\nNagapasa class\nBuilder: / \nDisplacement: 1,400 tons\nOperator:\n : 3 in service\n\n \n Builder: \n Displacement: 4,000 tons\n Operator: : 11 in service, 2 as training ships\n\n \n Builder: \n Displacement: 1,653 tons\n Operator: : 4 in service\n\n Song class\n Builder: \n Displacement: 2,250 tons\n Operator: : 13 in service\n\n \n Builder: \n Displacement: 4,300 tons\n Operator: : 1 launched, 7 planned ― equipped with Lithium-ion batteries\n\n \nBuilder: \nDisplacement: 2116 tons\n Operators:: 1 (S-41) inactive (laid up); 2nd boat (S-42) sunk with all hands lost.\n\n Type 209 submarine\n Builder: \n Displacement: 1,230/1,290/1,586 tons\n Operators:\n : 1 inactive (used for dockside training)\n : 5 in service\n : 2 in service\n : 2 in service\n : 4 in service\n : 2 in service\n : 6 in service\n : 4 in service\n : 4 in service; 1 (402) lost with all hands in April 2021\n : 6 in service\n : 3 in service\n : 9 in service\n : 12 in service\n : 2 (operational status unclear)\n\n Ula class (Type 210)\n Builder: \n Displacement: 1,150 tons\n Operator: : 6 in service\n\n Victoria class (SSK 876)\n Builder: \n Displacement: 2,400 tons\n Operator: : 4 in service \n\n \n Builder: \n Displacement: 2,800 tons\n Operator: : 4 in service\n\n \n Builder: \n Displacement: 2,600 tons\n Operator: : 2 in service\n\n \n Builder: \n Displacement: 370 tons\n Operator: : 40 in service\n\n \n Builder: \n Displacement: 2,000 tons\n Operator: : 1 in service\n\n \n Builder: \n Displacement: 593 tons\n Operator: : 1 in service\n\n Type 206 submarine \n Builder: \n Displacement: 500 tons\n Operators:\n : 2 in service\n\nMidget submarines \n Yugo class\n Builder: \n Displacement: 90 up to 110 tons\n Operator: : unknown; : 1;: unknown (reported in inventory as of 2019)\n\n Yono class\n Builder: \n Displacement: 130 tons\n Operator: : <36 in service\n\n Ghadir class\n Builder: \n Displacement: 115 tons\n Operator: : 21 in service\n\n \n Builder: \n Displacement: 350-400 tons\n Operator: : 1 in service\n\nSpecial mission submarines \n Belgorod (K-329)\n Builder: Sevmash\n Displacement: 24,000/30,000 tonnes submerged\n Operator: \n\n Losharik\n Builder: Sevmash\n Displacement: c. 2,000 tonnes submerged\n Operator: \n\n LR5 Deep submersible \n Builder: \n Displacement: 21 tons\n Operator: (leased to Royal Australian Navy)\n\n NSRS Deep submergence rescue vehicle \n Builder: \n Displacement: 41 tons\n Operator: (available for NATO) \n\n deep sea rescue submersible (DSRV-1)\n Builder: \n Displacement: 37 tons\n Operator: : 1 in service\n\n special mission submarine (Project 1083.1)\n Builder: \n Displacement: 730 tons\n Operator: \n\n Uniform-class special mission submarine (Project 1910 Kashalot)\n Builder: / \n Displacement: 1,580 tons\n Operator: \n\n Sarov (B-90)\n Builder: Krasnoye Sormovo Shipyard and Sevmash\n Displacement: c. 4,000 tonnes submerged\n Operator: \n\n Al-Sabehat swimmer delivery vehicle\n Builder: \n Operator: \n\n VAS 525 mini-submarine\n Builder: GSE Trieste \n Operator: : 1+?\n\nSummary\n\nSee also \n\n List of submarine operators\n List of naval ship classes in service\n List of auxiliary ship classes in service\n\nReferences\n\nLists of submarines",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
Mto Olonkila
|
unapatikana katika kaunti ya Narok, magharibi mwa Kenya.
Tazama pia
Mito ya Kenya
Orodha ya mito ya kaunti ya Narok
Tanbihi
Viungo vya nje
Geonames.org
Mito ya Kenya
Kaunti ya Narok
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Mto Olonkila",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "unapatikana katika kaunti ya Narok, magharibi mwa Kenya.\n\nTazama pia\n Mito ya Kenya\n Orodha ya mito ya kaunti ya Narok\n\nTanbihi\n\nViungo vya nje\n Geonames.org\n\nMito ya Kenya\nKaunti ya Narok",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20Black%20Panther%20Party%20for%20Self%20Defence
|
New Black Panther Party for Self-Defense ni kundi la wanaharakati weusi wenye siasa kali na mwamko wa kimapinduzi nchini Marekani. Kundi hili lilianzishwa mwaka 1989 na mtangazaji wa redio, Aaron Michaels, huko Dallas, Texas. Mwanzoni kundi hili lilichukua jina la "Black Panther Party" ambalo lilikuwa ni jina la kundi jingine lililokuwa na itikadi za kimapinduzi nchini Marekani. Wanachama wa kundi la mwanzo la Black Panther walipinga matumizi ya jina hilo yanayofanya na kundi jipya la Aaron Michaels. Michaels na wenzake walidai kuwa Black Panther haikuwa mali ya mtu binafsi bali jamii nzima ya watu weusi, hivyo hakuna ubaya jina hilo likatumika. Hata hivyo waliamua kuongeza neno "New" katika jina hilo.
Kundi hili linakua huku likifungua matawi sehemu mbalimbali nchini Marekani. Wafuasi wengi waliojitenga na kundi jingine la Nation of Islam walijiunga na kundi hili wakimfuata aliyekuwa kiongozi wa New Black Panther Party, marehemu Khalid Abdul Muhammad. Khalid Abdul Muhammad alikuwa ni mhubiri wa Nation of Islam kabla hajajiunga na New Black Panther Party.
Falsafa za kundi hili ni mchanganyiko wa mahubiri ya Malcolm X, Marcus Garvey, itikadi za uzalendo wa Kiafrika, na uanaharakati wa kimapinduzi.
New Black Panther
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20Black%20Panther%20Party%20for%20Self%20Defence",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "New Black Panther Party for Self-Defense ni kundi la wanaharakati weusi wenye siasa kali na mwamko wa kimapinduzi nchini Marekani. Kundi hili lilianzishwa mwaka 1989 na mtangazaji wa redio, Aaron Michaels, huko Dallas, Texas. Mwanzoni kundi hili lilichukua jina la \"Black Panther Party\" ambalo lilikuwa ni jina la kundi jingine lililokuwa na itikadi za kimapinduzi nchini Marekani. Wanachama wa kundi la mwanzo la Black Panther walipinga matumizi ya jina hilo yanayofanya na kundi jipya la Aaron Michaels. Michaels na wenzake walidai kuwa Black Panther haikuwa mali ya mtu binafsi bali jamii nzima ya watu weusi, hivyo hakuna ubaya jina hilo likatumika. Hata hivyo waliamua kuongeza neno \"New\" katika jina hilo. \n\nKundi hili linakua huku likifungua matawi sehemu mbalimbali nchini Marekani. Wafuasi wengi waliojitenga na kundi jingine la Nation of Islam walijiunga na kundi hili wakimfuata aliyekuwa kiongozi wa New Black Panther Party, marehemu Khalid Abdul Muhammad. Khalid Abdul Muhammad alikuwa ni mhubiri wa Nation of Islam kabla hajajiunga na New Black Panther Party. \n\nFalsafa za kundi hili ni mchanganyiko wa mahubiri ya Malcolm X, Marcus Garvey, itikadi za uzalendo wa Kiafrika, na uanaharakati wa kimapinduzi.\n\nNew Black Panther",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
Kidodi
|
Kidodi ni jina la kata ya Wilaya ya Kilosa katika Mkoa wa Morogoro, Tanzania. Kwa mujibu wa sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ina wakazi wapatao 9,106 waishio humo.
Marejeo
Mkoa wa Morogoro
Wilaya ya Kilosa
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Kidodi",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Kidodi ni jina la kata ya Wilaya ya Kilosa katika Mkoa wa Morogoro, Tanzania. Kwa mujibu wa sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ina wakazi wapatao 9,106 waishio humo.\n\nMarejeo\n\nMkoa wa Morogoro\nWilaya ya Kilosa",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%B3n%20R%C3%B3i%20Jacobsen
|
Jón Rói Jacobsen (born 7 April 1983) is a former Faroese football defender.
Club career
Once hailed as Faroese most promising football talent, Jacobsen started his career as a striker for HB Torshavn, scoring 12 goals in the 2002 league season to end up 3rd in that seasons' goalscorers chart. His versatility gave him the chance to play in the Danish league, where he played for Brøndby IF and BK Frem before signing up for AaB Aalborg in 2006. He moved back to BK Frem in July 2008 with the hope to have more playing chances.
International career
Jacobsen made his debut for the Faroese national team in a June 2001 World Cup qualifying match against Switzerland, coming on as a substitute for Uni Arge. He collected 36 caps in total. In 2008, 25-year-old Jacobsen retired from professional football, to fully concentrate on his medical studies in Copenhagen.
Honours
Individual
Boldklubben Frem Player of the Year (1) : 2005
References
External links
Boldklubben Frem profile
1983 births
Living people
Faroese men's footballers
Faroe Islands men's international footballers
Brøndby IF players
Boldklubben Frem players
AaB Fodbold players
Danish Superliga players
Men's association football defenders
Havnar Bóltfelag players
Faroe Islands men's youth international footballers
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%B3n%20R%C3%B3i%20Jacobsen",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Jón Rói Jacobsen (born 7 April 1983) is a former Faroese football defender.\n\nClub career\nOnce hailed as Faroese most promising football talent, Jacobsen started his career as a striker for HB Torshavn, scoring 12 goals in the 2002 league season to end up 3rd in that seasons' goalscorers chart. His versatility gave him the chance to play in the Danish league, where he played for Brøndby IF and BK Frem before signing up for AaB Aalborg in 2006. He moved back to BK Frem in July 2008 with the hope to have more playing chances.\n\nInternational career\nJacobsen made his debut for the Faroese national team in a June 2001 World Cup qualifying match against Switzerland, coming on as a substitute for Uni Arge. He collected 36 caps in total. In 2008, 25-year-old Jacobsen retired from professional football, to fully concentrate on his medical studies in Copenhagen.\n\nHonours\nIndividual\nBoldklubben Frem Player of the Year (1) : 2005\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n \n \n Boldklubben Frem profile \n \n\n1983 births\nLiving people\nFaroese men's footballers\nFaroe Islands men's international footballers\nBrøndby IF players\nBoldklubben Frem players\nAaB Fodbold players\nDanish Superliga players\nMen's association football defenders\nHavnar Bóltfelag players\nFaroe Islands men's youth international footballers",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mto%20Bumba%20%28Bururi%29
|
ni korongo linalopatikana kusini mwa Burundi (mkoa wa Bururi).
Maji yake huelekea Mto Naili na hatimaye Bahari ya Kati.
Tazama pia
Orodha ya mito ya mkoa wa Bururi
Orodha ya mito ya Burundi
Mito mirefu ya Afrika
Tanbihi
Viungo vya nje
Geonames.org
B
Mkoa wa Bururi
Nile
Mediteranea
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mto%20Bumba%20%28Bururi%29",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "ni korongo linalopatikana kusini mwa Burundi (mkoa wa Bururi).\n\nMaji yake huelekea Mto Naili na hatimaye Bahari ya Kati.\n\nTazama pia\n Orodha ya mito ya mkoa wa Bururi\n Orodha ya mito ya Burundi\n Mito mirefu ya Afrika\n\nTanbihi\n\nViungo vya nje\n Geonames.org\n\nB\nMkoa wa Bururi\nNile\nMediteranea",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telekis
|
(pia: Teleki) ni volkeno yenye kimo cha mita 603 juu ya UB. Volikano hiyo iko kwenye Bonde la Ufa la Afrika ya Mashariki, kaunti ya Turkana, Kenya.
Tazama pia
Orodha ya milima ya Kenya
Orodha ya milima ya Afrika
Orodha ya milima
Orodha ya volkeno nchini Kenya
Marejeo
Bonde la Ufa la Afrika Mashariki
Milima ya Kenya
Volkeno za Kenya
Kaunti ya Turkana
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telekis",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "(pia: Teleki) ni volkeno yenye kimo cha mita 603 juu ya UB. Volikano hiyo iko kwenye Bonde la Ufa la Afrika ya Mashariki, kaunti ya Turkana, Kenya.\n\nTazama pia\nOrodha ya milima ya Kenya\nOrodha ya milima ya Afrika\nOrodha ya milima\nOrodha ya volkeno nchini Kenya\n\nMarejeo \n\nBonde la Ufa la Afrika Mashariki\nMilima ya Kenya\nVolkeno za Kenya\nKaunti ya Turkana",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susquehanna%20River%20Bridge
|
The Susquehanna River Bridge carries Interstate 76 (Pennsylvania Turnpike) across the Susquehanna River between Dauphin and York County near Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
History
The original structure was built as a steel girder bridge with concrete piers. The steel was provided from a plant operated by Bethlehem Steel, directly adjacent to the turnpike in Steelton, Pennsylvania. It was opened to traffic in 1950.
On November 16, 2004, the Turnpike Commission let a contract for a bridge to replace the 1950 span. Two new 3-lane segmental, concrete signature spans were constructed just upriver from the old 4 lane span. The new span was the first of its type built in Pennsylvania at a cost of nearly $100 million . The westbound span opened on May 17, 2007, and the eastbound span was opened on June 17, 2007. The new roadway and bridges opened to normal traffic flow in the summer of 2008. The old span was demolished on August 22, 2007.
See also
List of crossings of the Susquehanna River
References
External links
Susquehanna River Bridge project web site
Bridges in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania
Toll bridges in Pennsylvania
Bridges over the Susquehanna River
Bridges completed in 1950
Bridges completed in 2000
Road bridges in Pennsylvania
Interstate 76 (Ohio–New Jersey)
Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission
Bridges on the Interstate Highway System
Concrete bridges in the United States
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susquehanna%20River%20Bridge",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The Susquehanna River Bridge carries Interstate 76 (Pennsylvania Turnpike) across the Susquehanna River between Dauphin and York County near Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.\n\nHistory\nThe original structure was built as a steel girder bridge with concrete piers. The steel was provided from a plant operated by Bethlehem Steel, directly adjacent to the turnpike in Steelton, Pennsylvania. It was opened to traffic in 1950.\n\nOn November 16, 2004, the Turnpike Commission let a contract for a bridge to replace the 1950 span. Two new 3-lane segmental, concrete signature spans were constructed just upriver from the old 4 lane span. The new span was the first of its type built in Pennsylvania at a cost of nearly $100 million . The westbound span opened on May 17, 2007, and the eastbound span was opened on June 17, 2007. The new roadway and bridges opened to normal traffic flow in the summer of 2008. The old span was demolished on August 22, 2007.\n\nSee also\nList of crossings of the Susquehanna River\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nSusquehanna River Bridge project web site\n\nBridges in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania\nToll bridges in Pennsylvania\nBridges over the Susquehanna River\nBridges completed in 1950\nBridges completed in 2000\nRoad bridges in Pennsylvania\nInterstate 76 (Ohio–New Jersey)\nPennsylvania Turnpike Commission\nBridges on the Interstate Highway System\nConcrete bridges in the United States",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
Krisma
|
Krisma (kutoka Kigiriki: χρῖσμα, Khrisma, yaani mpako) ni mafuta ya kunukia yanayotumiwa na Wakristo wa madhehebu mbalimbali (Wakatoliki, Waorthodoksi, Waorthodoksi wa Mashariki, Wakatoliki wa Kale, Waanglikana, Wamormoni na baadhi ya Walutheri) katika ibada kadhaa, hasa sakramenti za ubatizo, kipaimara na daraja takatifu.
Krisma ndiyo asili ya majina Kristo, Wakristo yanayomtambulisha Yesu na wafuasi wake.
Ukristo wa Magharibi
Kanisa la Kilatini
Katika Kanisa la Kilatini mafuta ya zeituni yanachanganywa na manukato na kuwekwa wakfu na askofu akishirikiana na mapadri wa jimbo lake, kwa kawaida asubuhi ya Alhamisi kuu, baada ya kubariki mafuta ya wakatekumeni na yale ya wagonjwa.
Krisma ni ya lazima kwa sakramenti ya Kikatoliki ya Kipaimara, na inatumiwa pia katika sakramenti za Ubatizo na Daraja Takatifu.
Katika ubatizo, ikiwa mtu aliyebatizwa hatathibitishwa kwa Kipaimara mara moja, mhudumu humtia mafuta ya krisma utosini.
Wale waliowekwa wakfu kwa upadri, baada ya kupokea daraja hupakwa krisma kwenye mikono, na waliopewa uaskofu hutiwa mafuta kichwani na Askofu mwadhimishaji.
Pia hutumiwa katika utakaso wa vitu kama vile makanisa na madhabahu.
Viungo vya nje
Chrism — from the Catholic Encyclopedia
Chrismatory — from the Catholic Encyclopedia
On Chrism by St. Cyril of Jerusalem
The Sanctification of the Holy Chrism Greek Orthodox Archdiocese
Liturujia
Sakramenti
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Krisma",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Krisma (kutoka Kigiriki: χρῖσμα, Khrisma, yaani mpako) ni mafuta ya kunukia yanayotumiwa na Wakristo wa madhehebu mbalimbali (Wakatoliki, Waorthodoksi, Waorthodoksi wa Mashariki, Wakatoliki wa Kale, Waanglikana, Wamormoni na baadhi ya Walutheri) katika ibada kadhaa, hasa sakramenti za ubatizo, kipaimara na daraja takatifu.\n\nKrisma ndiyo asili ya majina Kristo, Wakristo yanayomtambulisha Yesu na wafuasi wake.\n\nUkristo wa Magharibi\n\nKanisa la Kilatini\nKatika Kanisa la Kilatini mafuta ya zeituni yanachanganywa na manukato na kuwekwa wakfu na askofu akishirikiana na mapadri wa jimbo lake, kwa kawaida asubuhi ya Alhamisi kuu, baada ya kubariki mafuta ya wakatekumeni na yale ya wagonjwa.\n\nKrisma ni ya lazima kwa sakramenti ya Kikatoliki ya Kipaimara, na inatumiwa pia katika sakramenti za Ubatizo na Daraja Takatifu. \n\nKatika ubatizo, ikiwa mtu aliyebatizwa hatathibitishwa kwa Kipaimara mara moja, mhudumu humtia mafuta ya krisma utosini. \n\nWale waliowekwa wakfu kwa upadri, baada ya kupokea daraja hupakwa krisma kwenye mikono, na waliopewa uaskofu hutiwa mafuta kichwani na Askofu mwadhimishaji. \n\nPia hutumiwa katika utakaso wa vitu kama vile makanisa na madhabahu.\n\nViungo vya nje\n\nChrism — from the Catholic Encyclopedia\nChrismatory — from the Catholic Encyclopedia\nOn Chrism by St. Cyril of Jerusalem\nThe Sanctification of the Holy Chrism Greek Orthodox Archdiocese\n\nLiturujia\nSakramenti",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
Onioni na wenzake
|
Tibutini, Valeriani, Dionisi, Felisi, Eutisiani, Gagus, Melsiade, Stefano, Urbani, Lusius, Momori, Sastiri, Mimidi, Lakidi, Juliani, Polikarpo, Magnus na Silvani ni kati ya Wakristo wa Misri waliouawa kwa ajili ya imani yao.
Kwa kuwa hayajulikani mengine kuhusu historia yao, hawaorodheshwi tena na Martyrologium Romanum.
Tangu kale wanaheshimiwa kama watakatifu wafiadini.
Sikukuu yao huadhimishwa tarehe 9 Agosti.
Tazama pia
Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale
Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo
Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika
Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko
Tanbihi
Wafiadini Wakristo
Watakatifu wa Misri
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Onioni na wenzake",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Tibutini, Valeriani, Dionisi, Felisi, Eutisiani, Gagus, Melsiade, Stefano, Urbani, Lusius, Momori, Sastiri, Mimidi, Lakidi, Juliani, Polikarpo, Magnus na Silvani ni kati ya Wakristo wa Misri waliouawa kwa ajili ya imani yao. \n\nKwa kuwa hayajulikani mengine kuhusu historia yao, hawaorodheshwi tena na Martyrologium Romanum.\n\nTangu kale wanaheshimiwa kama watakatifu wafiadini.\n\nSikukuu yao huadhimishwa tarehe 9 Agosti.\n\nTazama pia\nWatakatifu wa Agano la Kale\nOrodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo\nOrodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika\nOrodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko\n\nTanbihi\n\nWafiadini Wakristo\nWatakatifu wa Misri",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
Zhongtong
|
Zhongtong ni jina la kampuni inayotengeneza mabasi nchini China. Kiwanda kipo katika mji wa Liaocheng katika Jimbo la Shangdong.
Kampuni imeorodheshwa katika soko la hisa la Shenzhen, na ni mmoja wa watengenezaji mabasi wakubwa wa China.
Historia
Kampuni hii ilianzishwa mwaka 1958. Liaocheng kama viwanda vya kutengeneza mabasi, walianza kutengeneza mabasi mwaka 1971. Baada ya mfululizo wa mabadiliko ya jina sasa ni mabasi ya Zhongtong, mwaka 1998.
Mwaka 2017 walikuwa na wafanyakazi 4,000 waliotengeneza kwenye eneo la m² 934,000.
Marejeo
Makampuni ya China
Mabasi
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Zhongtong",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Zhongtong ni jina la kampuni inayotengeneza mabasi nchini China. Kiwanda kipo katika mji wa Liaocheng katika Jimbo la Shangdong. \nKampuni imeorodheshwa katika soko la hisa la Shenzhen, na ni mmoja wa watengenezaji mabasi wakubwa wa China.\n\nHistoria \nKampuni hii ilianzishwa mwaka 1958. Liaocheng kama viwanda vya kutengeneza mabasi, walianza kutengeneza mabasi mwaka 1971. Baada ya mfululizo wa mabadiliko ya jina sasa ni mabasi ya Zhongtong, mwaka 1998.\n\nMwaka 2017 walikuwa na wafanyakazi 4,000 waliotengeneza kwenye eneo la m² 934,000.\n\nMarejeo\n\nMakampuni ya China\n\nMabasi",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rott%20Abbey
|
Rott Abbey () was a Benedictine monastery in Rott am Inn in Bavaria, Germany.
History
The monastery, dedicated to Saints Marinus and Anianus, was founded in the late 11th century by Count Kuno of Rott (d. 1086).
After it was dissolved in 1803 in the secularisation of Bavaria, the buildings were sold off to various private owners and largely demolished. The Rococo church however still remains.
Burials
Ignaz Günther
References
External links
HDBG: Kloster Rott
Rott am Inn official website: pictures of the church interior
Photos of the interior of the Abbey Church, in the Warburg Institute Iconographic Database: interior of the abbey church
Christian monasteries established in the 11th century
Benedictine monasteries in Germany
Monasteries in Bavaria
1803 disestablishments
Buildings and structures in Rosenheim (district)
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rott%20Abbey",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Rott Abbey () was a Benedictine monastery in Rott am Inn in Bavaria, Germany.\n\nHistory\nThe monastery, dedicated to Saints Marinus and Anianus, was founded in the late 11th century by Count Kuno of Rott (d. 1086).\n\nAfter it was dissolved in 1803 in the secularisation of Bavaria, the buildings were sold off to various private owners and largely demolished. The Rococo church however still remains.\n\nBurials\nIgnaz Günther\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n HDBG: Kloster Rott \n Rott am Inn official website: pictures of the church interior \n Photos of the interior of the Abbey Church, in the Warburg Institute Iconographic Database: interior of the abbey church\n\nChristian monasteries established in the 11th century\nBenedictine monasteries in Germany\nMonasteries in Bavaria\n1803 disestablishments\nBuildings and structures in Rosenheim (district)",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosoti/Sengera
|
ni kata ya kaunti ya Kisii, Eneo bunge la Bomachoge Chache, nchini Kenya.
Tanbihi
Kata za Kenya
Kaunti ya Kisii
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosoti/Sengera",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "ni kata ya kaunti ya Kisii, Eneo bunge la Bomachoge Chache, nchini Kenya.\n\nTanbihi\n\nKata za Kenya\nKaunti ya Kisii",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
Kolwa Central
|
ni kata ya kaunti ya Kisumu, Eneo bunge la Kisumu Mashariki, nchini Kenya.
Tanbihi
Kata za Kenya
Kaunti ya Kisumu
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Kolwa Central",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "ni kata ya kaunti ya Kisumu, Eneo bunge la Kisumu Mashariki, nchini Kenya.\n\nTanbihi\n\nKata za Kenya\nKaunti ya Kisumu",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uwanja%20wa%20Michezo%20wa%20Jamhuri%20%28Morogoro%29
|
Uwanja wa Jamhuri ni uwanja wa michezo uliopo katika mkoa wa Morogoro nchini Tanzania.Uwanja huu hutumika sana kwa ajili ya mchezo wa mpira wa miguu na pia ni uwanja wa nyumbani wa timu ya Moro United ukiwa na uwezo wa kuchukua mashabiki 20,000 .
Marejeo
Africa Wiki Challenge Arusha
Viwanja vya Michezo Tanzania
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uwanja%20wa%20Michezo%20wa%20Jamhuri%20%28Morogoro%29",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Uwanja wa Jamhuri ni uwanja wa michezo uliopo katika mkoa wa Morogoro nchini Tanzania.Uwanja huu hutumika sana kwa ajili ya mchezo wa mpira wa miguu na pia ni uwanja wa nyumbani wa timu ya Moro United ukiwa na uwezo wa kuchukua mashabiki 20,000 .\n\nMarejeo\n\nAfrica Wiki Challenge Arusha\nViwanja vya Michezo Tanzania",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
Shinkichi Mitsumune
|
Shinkichi Mitsumune (光宗 信吉 Mitsumune Shinkichi) (born October 8, 1963) is a Japanese composer who writes music primarily for anime.
Biography
Mitsumune is a native of Fukuoka City in Fukuoka Prefecture and a graduate of Rikkyo University with a degree in business. He started studying music at the age of 4. After graduating from college, he toured music festivals across Japan as a keyboardist for a Marine band, and later for musicians such as Yukie Nishimura. Starting in 1995, he lent his skills to composing anime and movie scores with a full orchestra.
Notable Compositions
TV
Nurse Angel Ririka SOS (1995)
VS Knight Lamune & 40 Fire (1996)
Revolutionary Girl Utena (1997)
Cyber Team in Akihabara (1998)
Yu-Gi-Oh! Duel Monsters (2000)
A Little Snow Fairy Sugar (2001)
Dragon Drive (2002)
Green Green (TV series) (2003)
Rozen Maiden (2004–2005)
Negima! Magister Negi Magi (2005)
Speed Grapher (2005)
Hanbun no Tsuki ga Noboru Sora (2006)
The Familiar of Zero (2006)
Asatte no Houkou (2006)
Sky Girls (2007)
Zero no Tsukaima: Futatsuki no Kishi (2007)
Zero no Tsukaima: Princess no Rondo (2008)
Mahou Sensei Negima 2 (2009)
Zero no Tsukaima F (2012)
Rozen Maiden (2013)
Amagi Brilliant Park (2014)
Yu-Gi-Oh! VRAINS (2017)
OVA
FLCL (2000)
Love Hina Again (2002)
Sky Girls (2006)
Theatrical
Love and Pop (live action) (1998)
Revolutionary Girl Utena (1999)
Cyber Team in Akihabara (1999)
Contributions
For Megumi Hayashibara: Nostalgic Lover, Cherish Christmas, Asu ni Nare
For Maria Yamamoto: Snow Flower
For Power Puff Souls (a group made up of the voice actress who star in the Japanese version of The Powerpuff Girls): Cream Puff Shuffle (Japanese theme song)
References
External links
Shinkichi Mitsumune anime at Media Arts Database
Review of Nurse Angel Ririka SOS soundtrack 1
1963 births
Anime composers
Japanese film score composers
Japanese keyboardists
Japanese male film score composers
Living people
Musicians from Fukuoka
Rikkyo University alumni
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Shinkichi Mitsumune",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Shinkichi Mitsumune (光宗 信吉 Mitsumune Shinkichi) (born October 8, 1963) is a Japanese composer who writes music primarily for anime.\n\nBiography\nMitsumune is a native of Fukuoka City in Fukuoka Prefecture and a graduate of Rikkyo University with a degree in business. He started studying music at the age of 4. After graduating from college, he toured music festivals across Japan as a keyboardist for a Marine band, and later for musicians such as Yukie Nishimura. Starting in 1995, he lent his skills to composing anime and movie scores with a full orchestra.\n\nNotable Compositions\n\nTV\nNurse Angel Ririka SOS (1995)\nVS Knight Lamune & 40 Fire (1996)\nRevolutionary Girl Utena (1997)\nCyber Team in Akihabara (1998)\nYu-Gi-Oh! Duel Monsters (2000)\nA Little Snow Fairy Sugar (2001)\nDragon Drive (2002)\nGreen Green (TV series) (2003)\nRozen Maiden (2004–2005)\nNegima! Magister Negi Magi (2005)\nSpeed Grapher (2005)\nHanbun no Tsuki ga Noboru Sora (2006)\nThe Familiar of Zero (2006)\nAsatte no Houkou (2006)\nSky Girls (2007)\nZero no Tsukaima: Futatsuki no Kishi (2007)\nZero no Tsukaima: Princess no Rondo (2008)\nMahou Sensei Negima 2 (2009)\nZero no Tsukaima F (2012)\nRozen Maiden (2013)\nAmagi Brilliant Park (2014)\nYu-Gi-Oh! VRAINS (2017)\n\nOVA\nFLCL (2000)\nLove Hina Again (2002)\nSky Girls (2006)\n\nTheatrical\nLove and Pop (live action) (1998)\nRevolutionary Girl Utena (1999)\nCyber Team in Akihabara (1999)\n\nContributions\nFor Megumi Hayashibara: Nostalgic Lover, Cherish Christmas, Asu ni Nare\nFor Maria Yamamoto: Snow Flower\nFor Power Puff Souls (a group made up of the voice actress who star in the Japanese version of The Powerpuff Girls): Cream Puff Shuffle (Japanese theme song)\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n Shinkichi Mitsumune anime at Media Arts Database \nReview of Nurse Angel Ririka SOS soundtrack 1\n\n1963 births\nAnime composers\nJapanese film score composers\nJapanese keyboardists\nJapanese male film score composers\nLiving people\nMusicians from Fukuoka\nRikkyo University alumni",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian%20McHarg
|
Ian L. McHarg (20 Novemba 1920 – 5 Machi 2001) alikuwa mbunifu wa mazingira wa Uskoti na mwandishi wa upangaji wa kikanda kwa kutumia mifumo asilia. McHarg alikuwa mmoja wa watu mashuhuri zaidi katika harakati za mazingira ambaye alileta wasiwasi wa mazingira katika ufahamu mpana wa umma na mbinu za kupanga ikolojia katika mkondo mkuu wa usanifu wa mazingira, upangaji wa jiji na sera ya umma. Alikuwa mwanzilishi wa idara ya usanifu wa mazingira katika Chuo Kikuu cha Pennsylvania nchini Marekani. Kitabu chake cha 1969 cha Design with Nature kilianzisha dhana ya upangaji wa ikolojia. Inaendelea kuwa mojawapo ya vitabu vinavyoadhimishwa zaidi kuhusu usanifu wa mazingira na mipango ya matumizi ya ardhi. Katika kitabu hiki, aliweka dhana za kimsingi ambazo zingekuzwa baadaye katika mifumo ya habari ya kijiografia .
Wasifu
Miaka ya malezi
Baba yake alikuwa meneja na baadaye mfanyabiashara katika jiji la viwanda la Glasgow, Scotland. McHarg alionyesha talanta ya mapema ya kuchora na alishauriwa kuzingatia kazi ya usanifu wa mazingira. Uzoefu wake wa mapema na mandhari ya Uskoti yenye sura mbili-mbili-umoja wa miji wa viwandani wa Glasgow na hali ya chini ya mazingira yanayoizunguka-ulikuwa na ushawishi mkubwa juu ya mawazo yake ya baadaye.
Marejeo
WikiForHumanRights 2022 Tanzania
Wanaharakati wa Uskoti
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian%20McHarg",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Ian L. McHarg (20 Novemba 1920 – 5 Machi 2001) alikuwa mbunifu wa mazingira wa Uskoti na mwandishi wa upangaji wa kikanda kwa kutumia mifumo asilia. McHarg alikuwa mmoja wa watu mashuhuri zaidi katika harakati za mazingira ambaye alileta wasiwasi wa mazingira katika ufahamu mpana wa umma na mbinu za kupanga ikolojia katika mkondo mkuu wa usanifu wa mazingira, upangaji wa jiji na sera ya umma. Alikuwa mwanzilishi wa idara ya usanifu wa mazingira katika Chuo Kikuu cha Pennsylvania nchini Marekani. Kitabu chake cha 1969 cha Design with Nature kilianzisha dhana ya upangaji wa ikolojia. Inaendelea kuwa mojawapo ya vitabu vinavyoadhimishwa zaidi kuhusu usanifu wa mazingira na mipango ya matumizi ya ardhi. Katika kitabu hiki, aliweka dhana za kimsingi ambazo zingekuzwa baadaye katika mifumo ya habari ya kijiografia .\n\nWasifu\n\nMiaka ya malezi \nBaba yake alikuwa meneja na baadaye mfanyabiashara katika jiji la viwanda la Glasgow, Scotland. McHarg alionyesha talanta ya mapema ya kuchora na alishauriwa kuzingatia kazi ya usanifu wa mazingira. Uzoefu wake wa mapema na mandhari ya Uskoti yenye sura mbili-mbili-umoja wa miji wa viwandani wa Glasgow na hali ya chini ya mazingira yanayoizunguka-ulikuwa na ushawishi mkubwa juu ya mawazo yake ya baadaye.\n\nMarejeo \n\nWikiForHumanRights 2022 Tanzania\nWanaharakati wa Uskoti",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbuni%20wa%20Kawaida
|
Mbuni wa Kawaida ni ndege wakubwa wasioruka wa familia Struthionidae wenye asili ya bara la Afrika.
Mbuni wa kawaida wako katika ngeli ndogo ya Palaeognathae pamoja na ndege wengine kama Kiwi na Emu. Ndege hawa wenye shingo na miguu mirefu huweza kukimbia karibu maili 43 kwa saa. Ndege hawa ni wakubwa kuliko aina zote za ndege na hutaga mayai makubwa kuliko ndege wa aina yoyote duniani.
Chakula chao kikuu ni aina mbalimbali za mimea. Kawaida huishi katika makundi ya ndege 5 hadi 50. Wakiwa hatarini, ndege hwa hujificha kwa kulala sambamba ardhini au kukimbia. Wakati mwingine hujilinda kwa kushambulia kwa teke la miguu yake yenye nguvu.
Mbuni wa kawaida hufugwa duniani kote, hasa kwa manyoya yake, ambayo yanapendeza sana kwa rangi zake. Ngozi yake hutumiwa kutengeneza bidhaa za ngozi na nyama yake huuzwa kwa walaji nyama.
Viungo vya nje
World Ostrich Association
Ndege
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbuni%20wa%20Kawaida",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Mbuni wa Kawaida ni ndege wakubwa wasioruka wa familia Struthionidae wenye asili ya bara la Afrika.\n\nMbuni wa kawaida wako katika ngeli ndogo ya Palaeognathae pamoja na ndege wengine kama Kiwi na Emu. Ndege hawa wenye shingo na miguu mirefu huweza kukimbia karibu maili 43 kwa saa. Ndege hawa ni wakubwa kuliko aina zote za ndege na hutaga mayai makubwa kuliko ndege wa aina yoyote duniani.\n\nChakula chao kikuu ni aina mbalimbali za mimea. Kawaida huishi katika makundi ya ndege 5 hadi 50. Wakiwa hatarini, ndege hwa hujificha kwa kulala sambamba ardhini au kukimbia. Wakati mwingine hujilinda kwa kushambulia kwa teke la miguu yake yenye nguvu.\n\nMbuni wa kawaida hufugwa duniani kote, hasa kwa manyoya yake, ambayo yanapendeza sana kwa rangi zake. Ngozi yake hutumiwa kutengeneza bidhaa za ngozi na nyama yake huuzwa kwa walaji nyama.\n\nViungo vya nje \nWorld Ostrich Association \n\nNdege",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiyil
|
Kiyil ni lugha ya Kitorricelli nchini Papua Guinea Mpya inayozungumzwa na Wayil. Mwaka wa 2000 idadi ya wasemaji wa Kiyil imehesabiwa kuwa watu 2470. Kufuatana na uainishaji wa lugha kwa ndani zaidi, Kiyil iko katika kundi la Kiwapei.
Viungo vya nje
lugha ya Kiyil kwenye Multitree
makala za OLAC kuhusu Kiyil
lugha ya Kiyil katika Glottolog
lugha ya Kiyil kwenye Ethnologue
Lugha za Papua Guinea Mpya
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiyil",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Kiyil ni lugha ya Kitorricelli nchini Papua Guinea Mpya inayozungumzwa na Wayil. Mwaka wa 2000 idadi ya wasemaji wa Kiyil imehesabiwa kuwa watu 2470. Kufuatana na uainishaji wa lugha kwa ndani zaidi, Kiyil iko katika kundi la Kiwapei.\n\nViungo vya nje\nlugha ya Kiyil kwenye Multitree\nmakala za OLAC kuhusu Kiyil\nlugha ya Kiyil katika Glottolog\nlugha ya Kiyil kwenye Ethnologue\n\nLugha za Papua Guinea Mpya",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mto%20Nzeha
|
ni kati ya mito ya mkoa wa Simiyu (Tanzania Kaskazini).
Maji yake yanaelekea mto Nile na hatimaye Bahari ya Kati.
Tazama pia
Mito ya Tanzania
Orodha ya mito ya mkoa wa Simiyu
Tanbihi
Viungo vya nje
Geonames.org
Mito ya Tanzania
Mkoa wa Simiyu
Nile
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mto%20Nzeha",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "ni kati ya mito ya mkoa wa Simiyu (Tanzania Kaskazini). \n\nMaji yake yanaelekea mto Nile na hatimaye Bahari ya Kati.\n\nTazama pia\n Mito ya Tanzania\n Orodha ya mito ya mkoa wa Simiyu\n\nTanbihi\n\nViungo vya nje\n Geonames.org\n\nMito ya Tanzania\nMkoa wa Simiyu\nNile",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evald%20Okas
|
Evald Okas (28 November 1915 – 30 April 2011) was an Estonian painter, probably best known for his portraits of nudes.
Biography
Okas was born in Tallinn, where he began his artistic career while studying at the State Art School. With the advent of World War II and the Soviet invasion and occupation of Estonia, he was subsequently mobilized into Soviet army, but, like many other Estonians, moved to work battalions in Kotlas, Russia. When the Soviet officials decided to organize the artistic collectives in the Soviet rear in Yaroslavl, several Estonian artists, including Okas, were provided with an opportunity to leave the work battalions and join the artistic ensembles in 1942. The "Yaroslavl artists", as they came to be known, were also the founding members of the Soviet Estonian Artists Union established in 1943.
In Yaroslavl Okas befriended the rather well-known Estonian graphic artist Aino Bach and Richard Sagrits who mentored Okas and helped him hone his skills as an artist. By Soviet regulations, however, all artists were expected to paint in the Social Realism genre.
In 1947, Okas, with Elmar Kits and Richard Sagrits painted the ceiling of the Estonian National Opera in the style of Socialist Realism. By the late 1950s, Evald Okas was working mainly in the medium of charcoals and earning his living by sketching ex libris - graphic designs that identify the owner of a book, usually pasted onto the inside cover. Around this time Okas was even given permission to travel; first, within the Soviet Republics, then later worldwide and exhibit works as far afield as Asia and Western Europe.
In 1954 he became the professor at the Estonian State Art Institute; in 1962 the corresponding member of the Academy of Arts of the Soviet Union and the full member of the academy in 1975.
Evald Okas lived in Tallinn and was a member of the Estonian Artists’ Association.
His son Jüri Okas is an architect, installation artist and printmaker.
References
References/External links
Haus Galerii Biography
1915 births
2011 deaths
Artists from Tallinn
People from Kreis Harrien
Members of the Supreme Soviet of the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic, 1963–1967
Members of the Supreme Soviet of the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic, 1967–1971
Ninth convocation members of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union
Tenth convocation members of the Soviet of Nationalities
20th-century Estonian painters
20th-century Estonian male artists
Estonian illustrators
Estonian graphic artists
21st-century Estonian painters
Estonian Academy of Arts alumni
Soviet military personnel of World War II
People's Artists of the USSR (visual arts)
People's Artists of the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic (visual arts)
Heroes of Socialist Labour
Recipients of the Order of Lenin
Recipients of the Order of the White Star, 3rd Class
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evald%20Okas",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Evald Okas (28 November 1915 – 30 April 2011) was an Estonian painter, probably best known for his portraits of nudes.\n\nBiography\nOkas was born in Tallinn, where he began his artistic career while studying at the State Art School. With the advent of World War II and the Soviet invasion and occupation of Estonia, he was subsequently mobilized into Soviet army, but, like many other Estonians, moved to work battalions in Kotlas, Russia. When the Soviet officials decided to organize the artistic collectives in the Soviet rear in Yaroslavl, several Estonian artists, including Okas, were provided with an opportunity to leave the work battalions and join the artistic ensembles in 1942. The \"Yaroslavl artists\", as they came to be known, were also the founding members of the Soviet Estonian Artists Union established in 1943.\n\nIn Yaroslavl Okas befriended the rather well-known Estonian graphic artist Aino Bach and Richard Sagrits who mentored Okas and helped him hone his skills as an artist. By Soviet regulations, however, all artists were expected to paint in the Social Realism genre.\n\nIn 1947, Okas, with Elmar Kits and Richard Sagrits painted the ceiling of the Estonian National Opera in the style of Socialist Realism. By the late 1950s, Evald Okas was working mainly in the medium of charcoals and earning his living by sketching ex libris - graphic designs that identify the owner of a book, usually pasted onto the inside cover. Around this time Okas was even given permission to travel; first, within the Soviet Republics, then later worldwide and exhibit works as far afield as Asia and Western Europe.\n\nIn 1954 he became the professor at the Estonian State Art Institute; in 1962 the corresponding member of the Academy of Arts of the Soviet Union and the full member of the academy in 1975.\n\nEvald Okas lived in Tallinn and was a member of the Estonian Artists’ Association.\n\nHis son Jüri Okas is an architect, installation artist and printmaker.\n\nReferences\n\nReferences/External links\nHaus Galerii Biography\n\n1915 births\n2011 deaths\nArtists from Tallinn\nPeople from Kreis Harrien\nMembers of the Supreme Soviet of the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic, 1963–1967\nMembers of the Supreme Soviet of the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic, 1967–1971\nNinth convocation members of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union\nTenth convocation members of the Soviet of Nationalities\n20th-century Estonian painters\n20th-century Estonian male artists\nEstonian illustrators\nEstonian graphic artists\n21st-century Estonian painters\nEstonian Academy of Arts alumni\nSoviet military personnel of World War II\nPeople's Artists of the USSR (visual arts)\nPeople's Artists of the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic (visual arts)\nHeroes of Socialist Labour\nRecipients of the Order of Lenin\nRecipients of the Order of the White Star, 3rd Class",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
Mhunzi
|
Mhunzi ni mtu anayechonga vitu vya metali.
Kwa kawaida ashughulika vifaa vya chuma au feleji. Metali hupashwa mto hadi kung'aa nyekundu na kupewa umbo linalotakiwa.
Vyombo vyake ni nyundo, koleo na fuawe.
Siku hizi shughuli nyingi za mhunzi hutekelezwa kwa mashine lakini bado kuna shughuli zinazohitaji ufundi na ujuzi wa mhunzi.
Katika historia wahunzi walihitajiwa sana katika jamii kwa sababu vifaa kama silaha au majembe yalitegemea kazi ya wahunzi.
Marejeo ya nje
Mhunzi Samburu (Kenya) aeleza kazi yake (video)
Mhunzi nchini Mali (youtube video)
Mhunzi Mama huko Uhindini
Kazi
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Mhunzi",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Mhunzi ni mtu anayechonga vitu vya metali.\n\nKwa kawaida ashughulika vifaa vya chuma au feleji. Metali hupashwa mto hadi kung'aa nyekundu na kupewa umbo linalotakiwa.\n\nVyombo vyake ni nyundo, koleo na fuawe.\n\nSiku hizi shughuli nyingi za mhunzi hutekelezwa kwa mashine lakini bado kuna shughuli zinazohitaji ufundi na ujuzi wa mhunzi. \n\nKatika historia wahunzi walihitajiwa sana katika jamii kwa sababu vifaa kama silaha au majembe yalitegemea kazi ya wahunzi.\n\nMarejeo ya nje \n Mhunzi Samburu (Kenya) aeleza kazi yake (video)\n Mhunzi nchini Mali (youtube video)\n Mhunzi Mama huko Uhindini\n\nKazi",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheena%20Duncan
|
Sheena Duncan, (7 Desemba, 1932 - 4 Mei, 2010) alikuwa mwanaharakati na mshauri wa kupinga Ubaguzi wa rangi wa Afrika Kusini. Duncan alikuwa binti wa Jean Sinclair, mmoja wa waanzilishi-wenza wa shirika la Black Sash, kikundi cha wanawake weupe, wa tabaka la kati wa Afrika Kusini ambao walitoa msaada kwa Waafrika Kusini weusi na kutetea kukomeshwa kwa mfumo wa ubaguzi wa rangi bila kutumia nguvu. Duncan alihudumu mihula miwili kama kiongozi wa Black Sash.
Maisha ya Awali
Sheena alizaliwa Johannesburg, Afrika Kusini mwaka 1932 wa wazazi wake Robert na Jean Sinclair. Baba yake alikua mhasibu, alizaliwa Scotland na alienda Afrika Kusini baada ya Vita vya Kwanza vya Dunia na aliathiriwa na maoni yake ya ukandamizaji wa kibali cha ardhi katika Nyanda za Juu za Scotland. . Mama yake Jean alihusika katika siasa za ndani katika vyama kama United Party, Progressive Party na kama diwani wa jiji. . Alikuwa mkubwa wa watoto watano katika familia yao, dada mmoja na kaka watatu, na alisoma katika Shule ya Roedean huko Johannesburg ambapo mwalimu mkuu, maoni ya kidini na kiliberali ya Ella la Maitre yaliathiri maisha ya Duncan. . Wakati wa ujana wake alikaa kwa muda huko Rhodesia ya Kusini kabla ya kuondoka hadi Scotland ambako alisoma katika Chuo cha Edinburgh cha sayansi ya ndani, na kufuzu mwaka 1953.
Aliporudi Afrika Kusini aliolewa na mbunifu Neil Duncan mwaka 1955 na wakaishi Rhodesia ya Kusini ambako alifanya kazi kama mwalimu wa sayansi ya nyumbani. Walikaa huko kwa miaka minane kabla ya kurejea Afrika Kusini mwaka 1963 na kujiunga na Black Sash na kuwa mwenyekiti wa eneo la Transvaal . . Mama yake alipostaafu mwaka 1975, Duncan alikua rais wa Black Sash kuanzia 1975 hadi 1978 kisha akahudumu kama makamu wa rais kabla ya kuchaguliwa tena mwaka 1982 hadi 1986. Alitumia muda wake katika shirika kuhariri jarida la Black Sash na kusimamia tawi la Johannesburg la ofisi ya ushauri ya Sash. Pia alikuwa Mratibu wa Kitaifa wa Sash wa Ofisi za Ushauri na mjumbe wa mtendaji mkuu wa kitaifa wa Sash na mwanachama mwanzilishi wa Black Sash Trust.
Mbali na kazi yake ya Black Sash, kazi yake kama mwanaharakati wa haki za binadamu inamjumuisha kama mjumbe wa kamati ya National Coordinating Committee, Bodi Huru ya Uchunguzi wa Ukandamizaji Usio Rasmi, Mlinzi wa Jumuiya ya Kukomesha Uhamisho. Adhabu ya Kifo na kufanya kazi na Kampeni ya Kukomesha Uandikishaji .
Kazi yake ya kidini ilijumuisha maswala yanayohusu haki na amani ndani ya kanisa la Anglikana na hatua za moja kwa moja zisizo za vurugu na ilikuwa moja ya kanuni mbili za mwanamke, kabla ya wanawake kutawazwa kama mapadri nchini Afrika Kusini, kama Canon wa Kanisa Kuu la Mtakatifu Maria Bikira. mjini Johannesburg. Alikuwa Makamu wa Rais wa Baraza la Makanisa la Afrika Kusini mwaka 1987 hadi 1990 na kisha kama Makamu wa Rais na Mkuu wa kundi hilohilo kuanzia 1990 hadi 1993.
Kazi Alizochapisha
Duncan aliandika makala kadhaa, vijitabu na vijitabu, hasa kuhusu masuala kama vile kuondolewa kwa nguvu na kupitisha sheria. Katika miaka ya 1970, alijiunga na Kundi la Church's Challenge Group la Anglikana, harakati zilitaka kukomesha ubaguzi wa rangi ndani ya kanisa. Pia aliwakilisha Kanisa la Anglikana kwenye mgawanyo wa haki na maridhiano ya Baraza la Makanisa la Afrika Kusini (South African Council of Churches/SACC).
Marejeo
Wanawake wa Afrika Kusini
Watu kutoka Johannesburg
Waliofariki 2010
Waliozaliwa 1932
FFD22
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheena%20Duncan",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Sheena Duncan, (7 Desemba, 1932 - 4 Mei, 2010) alikuwa mwanaharakati na mshauri wa kupinga Ubaguzi wa rangi wa Afrika Kusini. Duncan alikuwa binti wa Jean Sinclair, mmoja wa waanzilishi-wenza wa shirika la Black Sash, kikundi cha wanawake weupe, wa tabaka la kati wa Afrika Kusini ambao walitoa msaada kwa Waafrika Kusini weusi na kutetea kukomeshwa kwa mfumo wa ubaguzi wa rangi bila kutumia nguvu. Duncan alihudumu mihula miwili kama kiongozi wa Black Sash.\n\nMaisha ya Awali \nSheena alizaliwa Johannesburg, Afrika Kusini mwaka 1932 wa wazazi wake Robert na Jean Sinclair. Baba yake alikua mhasibu, alizaliwa Scotland na alienda Afrika Kusini baada ya Vita vya Kwanza vya Dunia na aliathiriwa na maoni yake ya ukandamizaji wa kibali cha ardhi katika Nyanda za Juu za Scotland. . Mama yake Jean alihusika katika siasa za ndani katika vyama kama United Party, Progressive Party na kama diwani wa jiji. . Alikuwa mkubwa wa watoto watano katika familia yao, dada mmoja na kaka watatu, na alisoma katika Shule ya Roedean huko Johannesburg ambapo mwalimu mkuu, maoni ya kidini na kiliberali ya Ella la Maitre yaliathiri maisha ya Duncan. . Wakati wa ujana wake alikaa kwa muda huko Rhodesia ya Kusini kabla ya kuondoka hadi Scotland ambako alisoma katika Chuo cha Edinburgh cha sayansi ya ndani, na kufuzu mwaka 1953. \n\nAliporudi Afrika Kusini aliolewa na mbunifu Neil Duncan mwaka 1955 na wakaishi Rhodesia ya Kusini ambako alifanya kazi kama mwalimu wa sayansi ya nyumbani. Walikaa huko kwa miaka minane kabla ya kurejea Afrika Kusini mwaka 1963 na kujiunga na Black Sash na kuwa mwenyekiti wa eneo la Transvaal . . Mama yake alipostaafu mwaka 1975, Duncan alikua rais wa Black Sash kuanzia 1975 hadi 1978 kisha akahudumu kama makamu wa rais kabla ya kuchaguliwa tena mwaka 1982 hadi 1986. Alitumia muda wake katika shirika kuhariri jarida la Black Sash na kusimamia tawi la Johannesburg la ofisi ya ushauri ya Sash. Pia alikuwa Mratibu wa Kitaifa wa Sash wa Ofisi za Ushauri na mjumbe wa mtendaji mkuu wa kitaifa wa Sash na mwanachama mwanzilishi wa Black Sash Trust. \n\nMbali na kazi yake ya Black Sash, kazi yake kama mwanaharakati wa haki za binadamu inamjumuisha kama mjumbe wa kamati ya National Coordinating Committee, Bodi Huru ya Uchunguzi wa Ukandamizaji Usio Rasmi, Mlinzi wa Jumuiya ya Kukomesha Uhamisho. Adhabu ya Kifo na kufanya kazi na Kampeni ya Kukomesha Uandikishaji . \n\nKazi yake ya kidini ilijumuisha maswala yanayohusu haki na amani ndani ya kanisa la Anglikana na hatua za moja kwa moja zisizo za vurugu na ilikuwa moja ya kanuni mbili za mwanamke, kabla ya wanawake kutawazwa kama mapadri nchini Afrika Kusini, kama Canon wa Kanisa Kuu la Mtakatifu Maria Bikira. mjini Johannesburg. Alikuwa Makamu wa Rais wa Baraza la Makanisa la Afrika Kusini mwaka 1987 hadi 1990 na kisha kama Makamu wa Rais na Mkuu wa kundi hilohilo kuanzia 1990 hadi 1993.\n\nKazi Alizochapisha \nDuncan aliandika makala kadhaa, vijitabu na vijitabu, hasa kuhusu masuala kama vile kuondolewa kwa nguvu na kupitisha sheria. Katika miaka ya 1970, alijiunga na Kundi la Church's Challenge Group la Anglikana, harakati zilitaka kukomesha ubaguzi wa rangi ndani ya kanisa. Pia aliwakilisha Kanisa la Anglikana kwenye mgawanyo wa haki na maridhiano ya Baraza la Makanisa la Afrika Kusini (South African Council of Churches/SACC).\n\nMarejeo \n\nWanawake wa Afrika Kusini\nWatu kutoka Johannesburg\nWaliofariki 2010\nWaliozaliwa 1932\nFFD22",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
Don't Wanna Fall in Love
|
Nyimbo za Jane Child
Nyimbo za 1989
Nyimbo za 1990
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Don't Wanna Fall in Love",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Nyimbo za Jane Child\nNyimbo za 1989\nNyimbo za 1990",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
Julia Salzano
|
Julia Salzano (Santa Maria Capua Vetere, Caserta, 13 Oktoba 1846 – Casoria, Napoli, 17 Mei 1929) alikuwa sista wa Kanisa Katoliki nchini Italia na mwanzilishi wa shirika la Masista wa Katekesi wa Moyo Mtakatifu wa Yesu (21 Novemba 1905) kwa ajili ya kufundisha imani na maadili ya Kikristo na kueneza ibada kwa ekaristi takatifu.
Kabla ya kuwa mtawa, Julia Salzano alikuwa mwalimu na kuanzia mwaka 1865 alifanya kazi Casoria alipojitokeza kama katekista bora pia.
Papa Yohane Paulo II alimtangaza mwenye heri tarehe 27 Aprili 2003, halafu Papa Benedikto XVI alimtangaza mtakatifu tarehe 17 Oktoba 2010.
Sikukuu yake huadhimishwa tarehe ya kifo chake.
Tanbihi
Viungo vya nje
Holy See
Saints SQPN
Hagiography Circle
Suore Catechiste del Sacro Cuore
Waliozaliwa 1846
Waliofariki 1929
Mabikira
Watawa waanzilishi
Watakatifu wa Italia
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Julia Salzano",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Julia Salzano (Santa Maria Capua Vetere, Caserta, 13 Oktoba 1846 – Casoria, Napoli, 17 Mei 1929) alikuwa sista wa Kanisa Katoliki nchini Italia na mwanzilishi wa shirika la Masista wa Katekesi wa Moyo Mtakatifu wa Yesu (21 Novemba 1905) kwa ajili ya kufundisha imani na maadili ya Kikristo na kueneza ibada kwa ekaristi takatifu.\n\nKabla ya kuwa mtawa, Julia Salzano alikuwa mwalimu na kuanzia mwaka 1865 alifanya kazi Casoria alipojitokeza kama katekista bora pia.\n\nPapa Yohane Paulo II alimtangaza mwenye heri tarehe 27 Aprili 2003, halafu Papa Benedikto XVI alimtangaza mtakatifu tarehe 17 Oktoba 2010.\n\nSikukuu yake huadhimishwa tarehe ya kifo chake.\n\nTanbihi\n\nViungo vya nje\nHoly See\nSaints SQPN\nHagiography Circle\nSuore Catechiste del Sacro Cuore\n\nWaliozaliwa 1846\nWaliofariki 1929\nMabikira\nWatawa waanzilishi\nWatakatifu wa Italia",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alice%20Kang
|
Alice J. Kang ni Profesa Mshiriki wa Sayansi ya Siasa katika Chuo Kikuu cha Nebraska-Lincoln.
Marejeo
wanasayansi wa Marekani
USW CHSS
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alice%20Kang",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Alice J. Kang ni Profesa Mshiriki wa Sayansi ya Siasa katika Chuo Kikuu cha Nebraska-Lincoln.\n\nMarejeo \n\nwanasayansi wa Marekani\nUSW CHSS",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mto%20Chingwelu
|
ni kati ya mito ya mkoa wa Ruvuma (Tanzania Kusini) ambayo maji yake yanaishia katika bahari Hindi kupitia mto Ruvuma.
Tazama pia
Mito ya Tanzania
Orodha ya mito ya mkoa wa Ruvuma
Tanbihi
Viungo vya nje
Geonames.org
Mito ya Tanzania
Mkoa wa Ruvuma
Bahari ya Hindi
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mto%20Chingwelu",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "ni kati ya mito ya mkoa wa Ruvuma (Tanzania Kusini) ambayo maji yake yanaishia katika bahari Hindi kupitia mto Ruvuma.\n\nTazama pia\n Mito ya Tanzania\n Orodha ya mito ya mkoa wa Ruvuma\n\nTanbihi\n\nViungo vya nje\n Geonames.org\n\nMito ya Tanzania\nMkoa wa Ruvuma\nBahari ya Hindi",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alor%20Gajah%20District
|
Alor Gajah District is one of the three administrative districts in Malacca, Malaysia. It borders Tampin District, Rembau District and Port Dickson District (including exclave of Tanjung Tuan) in Negeri Sembilan to the north and borders Jasin District and Melaka Tengah District in the east and south respectively.
Administrative divisions
The district is divided into 31 mukims (sub-districts) and consists of 7 towns which are Alor Gajah, Masjid Tanah, Pulau Sebang, Lubuk China, Kuala Sungai Baru, Rambia and Durian Tunggal.
Demographics
Federal Parliament and State Assembly Seats
List of Alor Gajah district representatives in the Federal Parliament (Dewan Rakyat)
List of Alor Gajah district representatives in the State Legislative Assembly
Educational institutions
Advanced Technology Training Centre (ADTEC; ), Taboh Naning
Malaysian Maritime Academy (, ALAM), Kuala Sungai Baru
University College Agroscience Malaysia (UCAM), Ayer Pa'abas
University College of Islam Melaka (, KUIM), Kuala Sungai Baru
University of Kuala Lumpur (UniKL) Taboh Naning Campus, Taboh Naning - Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology
Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Alor Gajah Campus, Lendu
MARA College of High Skills (), Masjid Tanah
National Youth Institute of High Skills (IKTBN; ), Masjid Tanah
Malacca Matriculation College (), Londang, Masjid Tanah
Poultry Institute of Technology (ITU; ) Masjid Tanah
Masjid Tanah Community College (), Masjid Tanah
Transport
Pulau Sebang/Tampin railway station at Pulau Sebang
Tourist attractions
A' Famosa Resort
Alor Gajah British Graveyard
Alor Gajah Square
Cape Rachado Lighthouse
Datuk Wira Poh Ah Tiam Machap Recreational Park
Dol Said's Grave
Gadek Hot Spring
Pengkalan Balak Beach
See also
Districts of Malaysia
References
Districts of Malacca
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alor%20Gajah%20District",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Alor Gajah District is one of the three administrative districts in Malacca, Malaysia. It borders Tampin District, Rembau District and Port Dickson District (including exclave of Tanjung Tuan) in Negeri Sembilan to the north and borders Jasin District and Melaka Tengah District in the east and south respectively.\n\nAdministrative divisions\n\nThe district is divided into 31 mukims (sub-districts) and consists of 7 towns which are Alor Gajah, Masjid Tanah, Pulau Sebang, Lubuk China, Kuala Sungai Baru, Rambia and Durian Tunggal.\n\nDemographics\n\nFederal Parliament and State Assembly Seats \n\nList of Alor Gajah district representatives in the Federal Parliament (Dewan Rakyat) \n\nList of Alor Gajah district representatives in the State Legislative Assembly\n\nEducational institutions\n Advanced Technology Training Centre (ADTEC; ), Taboh Naning\n Malaysian Maritime Academy (, ALAM), Kuala Sungai Baru\n University College Agroscience Malaysia (UCAM), Ayer Pa'abas\n University College of Islam Melaka (, KUIM), Kuala Sungai Baru\n University of Kuala Lumpur (UniKL) Taboh Naning Campus, Taboh Naning - Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology\n Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Alor Gajah Campus, Lendu\n MARA College of High Skills (), Masjid Tanah\n National Youth Institute of High Skills (IKTBN; ), Masjid Tanah\n Malacca Matriculation College (), Londang, Masjid Tanah\n Poultry Institute of Technology (ITU; ) Masjid Tanah\n Masjid Tanah Community College (), Masjid Tanah\n\nTransport\n Pulau Sebang/Tampin railway station at Pulau Sebang\n\nTourist attractions\n A' Famosa Resort\n Alor Gajah British Graveyard\n Alor Gajah Square\n Cape Rachado Lighthouse\n Datuk Wira Poh Ah Tiam Machap Recreational Park\n Dol Said's Grave\n Gadek Hot Spring\n Pengkalan Balak Beach\n\nSee also\n Districts of Malaysia\n\nReferences\n\nDistricts of Malacca",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/1008%20KK
|
Makala hii inahusu mwaka 1008 KK (kabla ya Kristo).
Matukio
Waliozaliwa
Waliofariki
Karne ya 11 KK
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/1008%20KK",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Makala hii inahusu mwaka 1008 KK (kabla ya Kristo).\n\nMatukio\n\nWaliozaliwa\n\nWaliofariki \n\nKarne ya 11 KK",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
Arkle Challenge Trophy
|
|}
The Arkle Challenge Trophy is a Grade 1 National Hunt steeplechase in Great Britain which is open to horses aged five years or older. It is run on the Old Course at Cheltenham, England, over a distance of about 2 miles (1 mile, 7 furlongs and 199 yards, or ), and during its running there are thirteen fences to be jumped. The race is for novice chasers, and takes place each year during the Cheltenham Festival in March.
It is the leading minimum-distance chase for novices in the National Hunt calendar. It is the second race on the opening day of the festival.
History
The Arkle Challenge Trophy was introduced as a replacement for the Cotswold Chase, a previous event at the Cheltenham Festival, in 1969. Its title pays tribute to Arkle, a three-time winner of the Cheltenham Gold Cup in the mid-1960s. The race was formerly scheduled to be run on the second day of the Festival, but it was switched to its slot on the opening day in 1980.
The first sponsor of the "Arkle" was Waterford Castle, which began supporting the event in 1991. It was backed by Guinness from 1994 to 1999, and from 2000 to 2011 it was sponsored by the Irish Independent newspaper. The Racing Post newspaper sponsored the race from 2012 to 2020. From 2021 the race is sponsored by Sporting Life.
Several winners of the race have subsequently achieved victory in the most prestigious two-mile chase in the National Hunt calendar, the Queen Mother Champion Chase. The most recent was Put The Kettle On, the winner of the latter event in 2021. The 1978 winner, Alverton, went on to win the following season's Cheltenham Gold Cup.
In 2020, Put the Kettle On become the first Mare to win the race since Anaglogs Daughter in 1980.
Records
Leading jockey since 1946 (4 wins):
Barry Geraghty – Moscow Flyer (2002), Forpadydeplasterer (2009), Sprinter Sacre (2012), Simonsig (2013)
Ruby Walsh – Azertyuiop (2003), Un de Sceaux (2015), Douvan (2016), Footpad (2018)
Leading trainer since 1946 (7 wins):
Nicky Henderson – Remittance Man (1991), Travado (1993), Tiutchev (2000), Sprinter Sacre (2012), Simonsig (2013), Altior (2017), Shishkin (2021)
Winners since 1946
See also
Horse racing in Great Britain
List of British National Hunt races
References
Racing Post:
, , , , , , , , ,
, , , , , , , , ,
, , , , , , , , ,
, , , ,
cheltenham.co.uk – Media information pack (2010).
pedigreequery.com – Arkle Challenge Trophy Chase – Cheltenham.
External links
Race Recordings
National Hunt races in Great Britain
Cheltenham Racecourse
National Hunt chases
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Arkle Challenge Trophy",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "|}\n\nThe Arkle Challenge Trophy is a Grade 1 National Hunt steeplechase in Great Britain which is open to horses aged five years or older. It is run on the Old Course at Cheltenham, England, over a distance of about 2 miles (1 mile, 7 furlongs and 199 yards, or ), and during its running there are thirteen fences to be jumped. The race is for novice chasers, and takes place each year during the Cheltenham Festival in March.\n\nIt is the leading minimum-distance chase for novices in the National Hunt calendar. It is the second race on the opening day of the festival.\n\nHistory\nThe Arkle Challenge Trophy was introduced as a replacement for the Cotswold Chase, a previous event at the Cheltenham Festival, in 1969. Its title pays tribute to Arkle, a three-time winner of the Cheltenham Gold Cup in the mid-1960s. The race was formerly scheduled to be run on the second day of the Festival, but it was switched to its slot on the opening day in 1980.\n\nThe first sponsor of the \"Arkle\" was Waterford Castle, which began supporting the event in 1991. It was backed by Guinness from 1994 to 1999, and from 2000 to 2011 it was sponsored by the Irish Independent newspaper. The Racing Post newspaper sponsored the race from 2012 to 2020. From 2021 the race is sponsored by Sporting Life.\n\nSeveral winners of the race have subsequently achieved victory in the most prestigious two-mile chase in the National Hunt calendar, the Queen Mother Champion Chase. The most recent was Put The Kettle On, the winner of the latter event in 2021. The 1978 winner, Alverton, went on to win the following season's Cheltenham Gold Cup.\n\nIn 2020, Put the Kettle On become the first Mare to win the race since Anaglogs Daughter in 1980.\n\nRecords\nLeading jockey since 1946 (4 wins):\n Barry Geraghty – Moscow Flyer (2002), Forpadydeplasterer (2009), Sprinter Sacre (2012), Simonsig (2013)\n Ruby Walsh – Azertyuiop (2003), Un de Sceaux (2015), Douvan (2016), Footpad (2018)\n\nLeading trainer since 1946 (7 wins):\n Nicky Henderson – Remittance Man (1991), Travado (1993), Tiutchev (2000), Sprinter Sacre (2012), Simonsig (2013), Altior (2017), Shishkin (2021)\n\nWinners since 1946\n\nSee also\n Horse racing in Great Britain\n List of British National Hunt races\n\nReferences\n\n Racing Post:\n , , , , , , , , , \n , , , , , , , , , \n , , , , , , , , , \n, , , , \n\n cheltenham.co.uk – Media information pack (2010).\n pedigreequery.com – Arkle Challenge Trophy Chase – Cheltenham.\n\nExternal links\n Race Recordings \n\nNational Hunt races in Great Britain\nCheltenham Racecourse\nNational Hunt chases",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
Kazima
|
Kazima ni kata ya Wilaya ya Mpanda Vijijini, Tanzania yenye msimbo wa posta namba 50112 .
Wakati wa uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 2015, idadi ya wakazi wa kata ilikadiriwa kuwa watu 5,521.
Marejeo
Mkoa wa Katavi
Wilaya ya Mpanda Vijijini
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Kazima",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Kazima ni kata ya Wilaya ya Mpanda Vijijini, Tanzania yenye msimbo wa posta namba 50112 . \n\nWakati wa uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 2015, idadi ya wakazi wa kata ilikadiriwa kuwa watu 5,521.\n\nMarejeo\n\nMkoa wa Katavi\nWilaya ya Mpanda Vijijini",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiorang-Kanaq
|
Kiorang-Kanaq ni lugha ya Kiaustronesia nchini Malaysia inayozungumzwa na Waorang-Kanaq. Mwaka wa 2008 idadi ya wasemaji wa Kiorang-Kanaq imehesabiwa kuwa watu 160 tu; maana yake lugha imekaribia kutoweka kabisa hivi karibuni. Kufuatana na uainishaji wa lugha kwa ndani zaidi, Kiorang-Kanaq iko katika kundi la Kimalayiki. Wengine huiangalia kama lahaja ya Kimalay tu.
Viungo vya nje
lugha ya Kiorang-Kanaq kwenye Multitree
makala za OLAC kuhusu Kiorang-Kanaq
lugha ya Kiorang-Kanaq katika Glottolog
lugha ya Kiorang-Kanaq kwenye Ethnologue
Lugha za Malaysia
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiorang-Kanaq",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Kiorang-Kanaq ni lugha ya Kiaustronesia nchini Malaysia inayozungumzwa na Waorang-Kanaq. Mwaka wa 2008 idadi ya wasemaji wa Kiorang-Kanaq imehesabiwa kuwa watu 160 tu; maana yake lugha imekaribia kutoweka kabisa hivi karibuni. Kufuatana na uainishaji wa lugha kwa ndani zaidi, Kiorang-Kanaq iko katika kundi la Kimalayiki. Wengine huiangalia kama lahaja ya Kimalay tu.\n\nViungo vya nje\nlugha ya Kiorang-Kanaq kwenye Multitree\nmakala za OLAC kuhusu Kiorang-Kanaq\nlugha ya Kiorang-Kanaq katika Glottolog\nlugha ya Kiorang-Kanaq kwenye Ethnologue\n\nLugha za Malaysia",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/1717%20KK
|
Makala hii inahusu mwaka 1717 KK (kabla ya Kristo).
Matukio
Waliozaliwa
Waliofariki
Karne ya 18 KK
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/1717%20KK",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Makala hii inahusu mwaka 1717 KK (kabla ya Kristo).\n\nMatukio\n\nWaliozaliwa\n\nWaliofariki \n\nKarne ya 18 KK",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
Cross Fell
|
ni mlima ulioko Uingereza, wenye kimo cha mita 893.
Tazama pia
Orodha ya milima
Milima ya Ulaya
Milima ya Ulaya
Milima ya Uingereza
milima ya Ufalme wa Muungano
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Cross Fell",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "ni mlima ulioko Uingereza, wenye kimo cha mita 893.\n\nTazama pia\n Orodha ya milima\n Milima ya Ulaya\n\nMilima ya Ulaya\nMilima ya Uingereza\nmilima ya Ufalme wa Muungano",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le%20Kram
|
ni mji wa wilaya ya Tunis huko Tunisia.
Mwaka 2014 ulikuwa na idadi ya wakazi takribani 74,132 .
Tazama pia
Orodha ya miji ya Tunisia
Marejeo
Wilaya ya Tunis
Miji ya Tunisia
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le%20Kram",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "ni mji wa wilaya ya Tunis huko Tunisia. \n\nMwaka 2014 ulikuwa na idadi ya wakazi takribani 74,132 .\n\nTazama pia\n Orodha ya miji ya Tunisia\n\nMarejeo\n\nWilaya ya Tunis\nMiji ya Tunisia",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BCm%C3%BC%C5%9Fova
|
ni mji na wilaya iliopo Mkoani Düzce kwenye kanda ya Bahari Nyeusi huko nchini Uturuki.
Viungo vya Nje
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BCm%C3%BC%C5%9Fova",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "ni mji na wilaya iliopo Mkoani Düzce kwenye kanda ya Bahari Nyeusi huko nchini Uturuki.\n\nViungo vya Nje",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/IS
|
IS au is ni kifupi cha:
Kodi
Kodi ya IATA ya Island Airlines, USA
Kodi ya ISO 639-1 ya lugha ya Kiiceland
Kodi ya ISO 3166-1 ya nchi ya Iceland
Siasa
kifupi cha "Islamic State", jina la Kiingereza kwa kundi la kigaidi la Daish
Sayansi na teknolojia
Mahali
Mashirika na makampuni
Michezo
Watu
Kifupi
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/IS",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "IS au is ni kifupi cha:\n\nKodi \n Kodi ya IATA ya Island Airlines, USA\n Kodi ya ISO 639-1 ya lugha ya Kiiceland\n Kodi ya ISO 3166-1 ya nchi ya Iceland\n\nSiasa \n kifupi cha \"Islamic State\", jina la Kiingereza kwa kundi la kigaidi la Daish\n\nSayansi na teknolojia\n\nMahali\n\nMashirika na makampuni\n\nMichezo\n\nWatu \n\nKifupi",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/CG
|
CG au cg ni kifupi cha:
Kodi
Kodi ya IATA ya Airlines of PNG
Kodi ya ISO 3166-1 ya nchi ya Jamhuri ya Kongo
Sayansi na teknolojia
Mahali
Mashirika na makampuni
Michezo
Watu
Kifupi
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/CG",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "CG au cg ni kifupi cha:\n\nKodi \n Kodi ya IATA ya Airlines of PNG\n Kodi ya ISO 3166-1 ya nchi ya Jamhuri ya Kongo\n\nSayansi na teknolojia\n\nMahali\n\nMashirika na makampuni\n\nMichezo\n\nWatu \n\nKifupi",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viwakilishi%20vya%20sifa
|
Viwakilishi vya sifa ni neno/maneno ambayo hutaja sifa - yanayosimama badala ya nomino inayosifiwa.
Mifano
Warefu wamesimama
Mzuri amepita
Kibaya kinajitembeza
Mpole amekuja
Mwelevu hukaa kimya
Tazama pia
Lango:Lugha
Vivumishi
Viwakilishi
Isimu
Sarufi
|
[
{
"content": "Given this input , return the associated information ie: the wiipedia entry : \n",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viwakilishi%20vya%20sifa",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Viwakilishi vya sifa ni neno/maneno ambayo hutaja sifa - yanayosimama badala ya nomino inayosifiwa.\nMifano\nWarefu wamesimama\nMzuri amepita\nKibaya kinajitembeza\nMpole amekuja\nMwelevu hukaa kimya\n\nTazama pia\nLango:Lugha\nVivumishi\nViwakilishi\n\nIsimu\nSarufi",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
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