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锯战。赵云认为机不可失，命令第4军和第10军同时出击，以二打一，北平和乌丸的乌丸军果然并不来援，经过近一个月的攻战，蜀军顺利攻下襄平，终于获得一个可供休整的根据地。
在接下来的半年里，孙曹联军不再过江进击，而乌丸大王势力也无暇东顾，赵云等人趁机着力于休养生息，发动群众。终于到年底之时将3个军扩充满员，此时，蜀军消灭刘焉“盟主”的消息传来，反蜀军同盟解体，赵云、徐庶敏锐地认识到，东北蜀军崛起的时机到了！
（十四）划分五大军区
刘焉集团的灭亡，对蜀军具有划时代的意义，不仅从此再无西南后顾之忧，而且收纳了原刘焉集团的几乎一切降军和干部，包括张任、严颜、李严、南蛮大王、黄权、孟达在内的很多人都投入蜀军的麾下，一时之间，蜀军军队干部猛增了近三分之一。
军委根据新的形势，对军队进行重新划分，首先是将张飞第2军调往江陵，隶属荆州军区领导；任命关羽为荆州军区司令员，张飞为副司令员，庞统为军区政委，马良为军区参谋长；张苞升任第2军军长，张松为政委兼参谋长。此时荆州军区拥有第1、2、8、11、12、13共6个军近20万人，战略目标是北抗曹操，东将孙坚军驱逐出荆州。
其次是成立南蛮军区，任命孟获为南蛮军区司令员，南蛮大王为副司令员，马谡为政委兼参谋长。下辖四个军12万人，其中：
第5军，祝融升任军长，朵思大王为政委兼参谋长；
第14军，降军改编，南蛮大王任军长兼政委，南蛮武将为参谋长；
第16军，降军改编，军长雍凯，政委兼参谋长吕凯；
第20军，降军改编，军长兀突骨，政委王伉，参谋长木鹿大王。
同时将交趾、零陵划归南蛮军区辖区，命孟获在辖区迅速休整扩编，以四个满员军进驻零陵，战略目标是夺取山越军的桂阳。
第三是成立汉中军区，任命黄忠为汉中军区司令员，姜维为副司令员，法正为政委兼参谋长，下辖6个军18万人，其中：
第3军，姜维兼任军长，王平任副军长，杨仪任政委兼参谋长；
第6军，严颜任军长，邓芝任政委兼参谋长；
第9军，魏延为军长，诸葛瞻为政委兼参谋长；
第15军，降军改编，军长张任，政委黄权，参谋长刘巴；
第17军，降军改编，军长李严，副军长吴懿，政委李恢，参谋长董和；
第19军，永安、江州、梓潼3个独立师合并，军长孟达，政委兼参谋长刘焉。
汉中军区6个军，开赴剑阁、葭萌关，战略目标是夺取汉中、出阳平关。
第四是成立成都军区，诸葛亮任成都军区司令员兼政委，黄月英任参谋长，下辖两个军，其中：
第18军，军长兼政委蒋琬，参谋长董允；
第20军，军长罗宪，政委兼参谋长费袆。
成都军区主要负责守备成都及各前线后勤运输任务。
此时是283年初，包括赵云的“徐州军区”在内，蜀军已经拥有5大军区，20个军，共计60余万人。
（十五）汉中战役，围点打援
283年初，天下形势又发生变化，在中原，袁绍集团灭掉吕布，和曹操集团隔河对峙；曹操占据宛城，进逼武关；在陇西，董卓集团攻占安定，羌大王集团攻占西平，马腾集团已只有武威孤城。
此时董卓集团拥有9个军，其中汉中3个、长安2个，安定4个。汉中军区黄忠、姜维、法正等人向军委建议举行汉中战役，军委复电表示同意，计划以3个军偷渡白水、阴平、沓中，迅速抢到汉中之后的阳平关和陈仓成塞，切断汉中董卓军的退路。魏延第9军、张任第15军、李严第17军经过一个多月的艰难行军，终于到达陈仓成塞。
此时汉中张鲁尚未意识到自己处境的危险，直到蜀军3个军浩浩荡荡地开进葭萌关，张鲁才开始着慌，但已欲退不能。283年3月初，黄忠发布命令，姜维第3军、严颜第6军、孟达第19军同时出动，向汉中发起猛烈攻击。汉中慌忙应对，双方在汉中城郊展开殊死搏斗，与此同时，董卓军长安1个军，安定2个军迅速来援。陈仓成塞3个军遵照约定南进，攻占阳平关，张鲁部彻底成为瓮中之鳖。董卓为解救汉中兵团，厉令赴援的3个军无论如何要打通阳平关；而黄忠则电令魏延、张任、李严要像钉子一样钉在阳平关，同时让葭萌关的3个军紧紧咬住张鲁部，不让其后撤同援军一起里应外合攻打阳平关。此时张鲁尚心存幻想，以为援军可以消灭阳平关的蜀军，错过了全军突围的最佳时机。
此战蜀军的步兵战法和董卓军的骑兵战法几乎旗鼓相当，双方伤亡都极为惨重，汉中、阳平关尸横遍野、血流成河，随着时间的推移，董卓援军迟迟攻不下阳平关，张鲁部士气日渐下降，双方又激战月余，董卓援军被出击的魏延第9军、张任第15军完全击溃，李严率第17军下阳平关南进，张鲁部彻底绝望，士兵纷纷缴械投降，蜀军占领汉中，生俘张鲁。
此战前后持续3个多月，双方共投入12个军约40万人的兵力，史称“汉中战役”，汉中战役以蜀军完胜、董卓军完败而结束。远在成都的中央军委闻讯大喜，于282年5月亲到汉中犒赏军队。
汉中战役影响深远，董卓军惨遭重创，从此一蹶不振，不久其武关、潼关、长安即被曹操集团攻占；而蜀军则威震天下，此时，发生了一件锦上添花的事件。
时间是283年5月下旬，远在西北的马腾集团因为多年征战与败退，此时已只有1个师的兵力，且正被羌大王集团的西平部队围攻得焦头烂额、灭亡在即，总政委诸葛亮瞅准时机，单身前往，对马腾集团分说大势、晓以利害，马腾集团无奈之下，最终选择投靠蜀军！这样，史传上所说的“五虎大将”，就已经齐集蜀军了。
（十六）决战东北
反蜀军同盟解体后，下邳和北海的“孙曹联军”登时翻脸，相互打得不亦乐乎，襄平已无南向之忧，此时袁绍集团正集中精力对付吕布集团，因此与乌丸大王集团已经没有“摩擦”。乌丸集团也已有意东向，此时其共有6个军的兵力，北平和乌丸各3个。赵云、徐庶决定寻找战机，在东北和乌丸大王集团进行战略决战。
首先，赵云命令陈到第10军秘密建设丸都城塞并进驻，同时，让廖化第7军前往进攻北平，不久北平公孙瓒率领2个军出城迎战，廖化甫一交战，便即“败退”，敌军紧追不舍，不久敌军追到襄平附近，赵云命令陈到第10军出击阻住敌军的后路，同时亲率马云绿第4军出击，廖化第10军也转身回战，顿时将敌人2个军围在中间。公孙瓒这才意识中计，想要撤退，却已被团团包围。赵云下令三军合攻，前后夹击，终于在乌丸援军来到之前歼灭公孙瓒部，并且生擒公孙瓒等人。赵云下令立即清理战场，撤退休整，乌丸援军空手而归。是为“诱敌深入”。
襄平城中，赵云、徐庶对公孙瓒等人优礼相加，公孙瓒表示愿意投降，赵云大喜，向军委建议公孙瓒担任降军改编的第21军军长，军委复电任命公孙瓒为第21军军长兼政委，公孙越为副军长，关靖为参谋长。
军队休整半月，赵云即率领全部四个军向乌丸大举挺进，乌丸大王迅速将北平剩余1个军的2个师向乌丸集中，赵云脸上露出微笑，立即令公孙瓒第21军改向奔袭北平，同时将另外3个军陈列在北平和乌丸之间，阻击乌丸的援军，乌丸大王这才意识到上当，但援军尚未出发，北平的1个师已被公孙瓒部击溃。此为“声东击西”。赵云、徐庶等人亲眼见识了公孙瓒部灵活机动、威力巨大的飞射战法，均觉当初襄阳分兵的决定极为正确。
此时，赵云兵力已经略占优势，和乌丸大王集团决战的时机已经成熟，赵云进行战略部署，第4、7、10军负责野战，第21军负责攻城，283年5月初，汉中战役的胜利消息传来，赵云也决定吹响东北决战的号角，4个军12万人同时向乌丸进发。双方激战两月，乌丸城陷，乌丸大王集团所有将领被俘。东北全境解放。
东北决战的规模虽然远远不如汉中战役，但赵云是3个军打败6个军，纯属以少胜多，且体现了高超的战略战术素养，因此极具研究价值。赵云以善打巧仗而扬名天下。
（十七）荆襄战役
如果说赵云是善打巧仗，那关羽、张飞、孟获则是以善打硬仗而著称。283年3月，张苞第2军到达江陵，关羽、张飞、庞统、马良等荆州军区领导人也汇集江陵，商讨歼灭乌林港、公安港的孙坚军。此时乌林港有2个军，公安港有3个军，而江陵、武陵、衡阳只有4个军，关羽向军委建议举行荆襄战役并提出借南蛮军区1个军，军委表示同意，并电令孟获的南蛮军区暂时听从荆州军区的领导，同时命令南蛮大王第14军北进。此时孟获已经率领南蛮军区4个军从零陵出发，向桂阳山越大王的3个军挺进，得到命令之后，南蛮大王军迅速转向衡阳，南蛮大王军到达之后，关羽立即发布命令，张飞、庞统率领荆南3个军猛攻公安港，而关羽、马良亲自率领江陵的2个军向乌林港进发。不久，蜀吴军在公安近郊开战，而孟获军也与山越军在桂阳近郊展开战斗，一时之间，荆南处处硝烟弥漫。
此次战役当真是“一点技术含量都没有”的硬碰硬，蜀军、吴军、山越军全用步兵战法，战况异常激烈，不到最后一刻，谁也不知胜利谁属。战役进行同时，东吴方面柴桑1个军来援，正在乌林北郊和吴军激战的关羽顾不得襄阳北部曹操军的威胁，命令隆中港关兴第12军迅速南进，加入战役。
三方激战两月，南边战场最先见出分晓，孟获军击溃山越军，攻占桂阳，此时孟获3个军已只剩下不到3万人，战况之惨烈可见一斑；而公安、乌林的战争仍在继续。最终关羽在柴桑援军到来之前攻下乌林港，生擒孙策；在公安港督战的周瑜见状不妙，立即命令全军撤退，乌林港关羽部已然损失惨重，只令关兴第12军象征性地阻截、追击一下，便即后撤。
此次荆襄战役蜀军投入9个军，东吴军投入6个军，山越军投入3个军，结果东吴军死伤3个军近10万人，山越军3个军全部覆灭，而蜀军虽然达到了战略目标，但也付出了近15万人的代价。同时，曹操军趁隆中港空虚，3个军从湖阳港出动进攻隆中港，虽然曹军都只驾着破船，但由于兵力强大，关平第1军不敢出战，先退入襄阳，不久又南退江陵，襄阳失陷，为“硬拼硬”的荆襄战役留下个不大不小的污点。
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The above video shows an increasingly common site in northern latitudes. As global warming heats these areas up, the frozen ground is melting. And when permafrost turns from solid ground to looser mud, it releases gases that have been trapped inside.
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市民开放。至此，拥有600年历史的首尔中心街区光化门从交通枢纽中心摇身变成了首尔市民休闲娱乐的好去处。光化门广场背靠美丽雄伟的北汉山和古建筑群景福宫，通过对世宗路古貌六曹街的复原，形成了一处位于都市中心的历史文化体验空间。光化门广场连接了钟路十字路口和清溪广场，中心广场长550米，宽34米，被授予“光化门历史复原广场”、“六曹街风景再现广场”、“韩国代表广场”、“市民城市文化广场”、“城市里面的广场”等称号。
乘坐首尔地铁5号线在光化门站出来后，进入通往光化门广场的地下通道‘獬豸广场’就可以看到首尔的象征獬豸造型物和墙面展示的2008年9月份挖掘复原的六曹街土层原型。六曹街是朝鲜太祖时代(1392~1398)建设汉阳都城时开创的街道，是了解朝鲜时代道路施工方法的重要遗迹。
沿着獬豸广场蜿蜒的坡路一路向上便可看到李舜臣将军的铜像，其周边建有地面喷泉和镜子喷泉等各式喷泉。一到晚上在灯光的照耀下绚丽多彩，还会定期上演精彩的喷泉秀。在铜像处观望广场左右，两旁是沿着朝鲜时代六曹街流淌的水路。水路中刻有自朝鲜建国1392年起至2008年的韩国历史大事件，水流与喷泉交汇后流向清溪川。
另外，光化门广场的一大变化就是在原有的李舜臣将军(1545~1598)铜像的基础上又竖立起创造韩文的世宗大王(1397~1450)铜像。世宗大王铜像就在李舜臣将军铜像后方250m处，是在韩文日(10月9日)在世宗文化会馆前设置的。除此之外，首尔历史博物馆为纪念光化门广场的竣工，还在光化门一带设立历史事件图片、照片展等活动。
广场的两侧共计10车道，有活动的时候可以根据活动规模对两边道路进行控制，以扩大演出场地面积。中型活动的场地可以宽达67米，大规模活动场地宽度最多可达100米。
清溪川作为清溪川复原工程的始点，位于东亚日报社和金融大厦之间，长160米，宽50米，总面积2,106坪，由“喷泉”、“瀑布”、“缩小100倍的清溪川模型”、“散步小道”等组成。广场上经常举办一些画展、演出、电影放映等文化活动。建造这座广场的意义在于纪念清溪川复原工程的竣工，祈祷“和平、统一、融合”，丰富广大市民的文化生活。
在面积达741坪的广场地面上铺有地板砖，这些地砖采用了韩国传统手工包袱的模样，五颜六色，形态各异，各个透着优雅的传统美。通过广场上设置的微缩版清溪川模型可让游客将清溪川的全貌一览无余。此外，广场上还设置了描述横跨在清溪川上的22座桥的“讲解板”以及各种形态多样的喷泉和在灯光映衬下闪着七彩光芒的瀑布等景观。
首尔市在清溪川广场建成后，将公休日定为无车日，禁止车辆通行。将广场、水边空间和散步道路作为市民休闲娱乐的空间，并建有三色灯光照射着的4米高两段式瀑布，景致尤为美丽。瀑布两旁设有由全国八个道运来的石头制作而成的八石坛，每逢夜间，在霓虹灯的映衬下，梦幻般的场景令人流连忘返。<|endoftext|>A common method of feeding a small transmitting loop is to use a small auxiliary input loop. This is sometimes referred to as the “Faraday feed”, implying a shielded feed loop though many so-called shielded loops are not effective (Duffy 2007), but the loop does not need to be shielded nor does there need to be a metallic connection to the main loop.
This article looks at an equivalent circuit.
(Turner 2009) gives the following explanation:
With the elegantly simple transformer-coupled Faraday loop feed method the 50Ω signal source merely feeds the auxiliary loop; there’s no other coupling / matching components required as there are no reflected reactive components to deal with (the main loop appears purely resistive at resonance with just the core Rrad and Rloss components in series).
The impedance seen looking into the auxiliary feed loop is determined solely by its diameter with respect to the primary tuned resonator loop.
Turner’s explanation states clearly that the R,X characteristic is simply multiplied by some transformation ratio to produce the impedance seen looking into the feed loop, and he offers an intuitive explanation.
Measurement of a prototype loop
Above, measurements from a prototype matched loop did not reconcile with Turner’s explanation as R varied greatly around resonance. The R of the main loop would be almost constant over such a narrow bandwidth and so the main loop impedance does not appear to be simply multiplied up as stated by Turner.
Above is the same impedance data presented as a Smith chart display.
An equivalent circuit
The main loop inductor and the feed loop inductor are flux coupled, so they each have inductance and there is mutual inductance (current flowing in one loop induces a voltage in the other loop).
In the case of the antenna plotted above, the calculated main loop inductance is 3.93µH and the feed loop is 0.786µH. Both of these inductances depend on the diameter of the loop AND the diameter of the conductor. The correct coupling (which gives rise to mutual inductance M) was found by trial and error in positioning the feed loop. An equivalent circuit for the coupled inductors can be formed.
By measurement of the half power bandwidth of the antenna, Q was found to be 132.2 and total resistance in the main loop to be 0.74Ω.
Above is an equivalent circuit for the antenna with instrumentation. The three inductors of the tee equivalent are shown as five to show the insertion of the L1, L2, and M components. In this instance, the transmission line as essentially zero length. The tuning capacitance is shown on the right and the total main loop resistance (radiation resistance and all loss resistances – conductor, capacitor and ground) as the port of the instrument for plotting.
- An equivalent circuit can be formed for a small transmitting loop with auxiliary loop feed using conventional coupled coils theory.
- The equivalent is that of two coupled coils, each with some inductance, and between them some mutual inductance.
- The diameter of each loop and its conductor diameter influence the inductance of the loop.
- The inductance of the two loops and the flux coupling factor between them influence mutual inductance M.
- The combination of Lfeed, Lmain, and M give effect to the impedance transformation.
- The explanation given by Turner is oversimplified and ignores important elements of operation.
- Duffy, O. 2007. Small single turn un-tuned shielded loop. VK1OD.net (offline).
- Turner, L. 2009. An Overview of the Underestimated Magnetic Loop HF Antenna. http://www.qsl.net/vk5bar/Small%20Loops%20-%20Mike%20Underhill%20KLT%20&%20BR/Leigh%27s%20docs/The%20Underestimated%20Magnetic%20Loop%20HF%20Antenna_articl.pdf (accessed 01/06/14).<|endoftext|>5Homojen opasite ( sınırları belirsiz içinde hava bronkogramı )
6Hava BronkogramıNormalde hava yolları X ışını düzlemine paralel olmadıkça görülmez.Bronşlar açık olduğu halde parankimde lokalize konsolide alanlarda bronşioller ince çizgisel lüsent alanlar olarak görülüyorsa buna hava bronkogramı denir.Konsolide alandaki hava bronkogramı lezyonun plevra veya mediastende olmadığını gösterir.
7Bronkopnömonide ;enfeksiyon bronşlardadır Bronkopnömonide ;enfeksiyon bronşlardadır.Distale,segmental hava boşluklarına yayılır.
14Silüet BulgusuAkciğer grafisinde lokalize opasitenin; kalbin, mediastenin veya diafragmanın kenarlarını kısmen veya tamamen maskelemesine silüet bulgusu denir.Lezyon, kalbin sağ kenarını oblitere ediyorsa sağ akciğer ön segment, solda ise sol akciğer ön segmentte olduğu söylenebilir.Kalp ve büyük damarları oblitere etmiyorsa arkada olduğu söylenebilir.
15Siluet bulgusu gizli pnömoniyi tanımlamaya yardımcı olabilir.
16Siluet bulgusu (sağ kalp sınırı) -pnömoni için tek ipucu olabilir Siluet bulgusu (sağ kalp sınırı) -pnömoni için tek ipucu olabilir. belirsiz sağ kalp sınırı (okbaşı)
17sağ orta lob infiltrat .sınırları iyi tanımlanmış ( lober pnömoni )
18Siluet bulgusu (sol kalp sınırı) –lingular pnömoninin kanıtı frontal görüntüde belirsiz sol kalp sınırı)
31Kostofrenik sulkusta küntleşme (küçük plevral effüzyona bağlı),yetersiz inspiryum,sağ hilusta sola göre vaskülaritede azalma (oligemi-pulmoner emboli?)
32Lober atelektazinin radyolojik bulguları Yerdeğiştirmiş interlobar fissür (temel bulgu)Havalanmanın kaybı-artmış opasiteye neden olur. (her zaman bulunmaz)Eleve hemidiafragmaMediastinal şift—trakea, kalp, yada hilumKot aralığının daralmasıSağlam akciğer dokusunda kompensatuar hiperinflasyon
33Sol üst lob atelektazi Kollabe sol üst lob (artmış opasite), hacim kaybına bağlı trakeal şift, sol hilumun süperior ve laterale yerdeğiştirmesi , eleve sol hemidiafragma,sağlam akciğer dokusunda kompansatuar hiperinflasyon
34Kollaps olmuş sol üst lob (triangular şekil) (keskin inferior sınır-sol major fissür yerdeğiştirmesi)
35Sol alt lob atelektazi.kalp ve mediastinuma bitişik uzanan triangular şekilde kollaps olmuş alt lob.keskin sınır major fissürü gösteriyor. major interlobar fissür inferior ve mediale yerdeğiştirmiş..
36Hiler kitleye bağlı sağ üst lob atelektazi. ( Hiler kitleye bağlı sağ üst lob atelektazi.(.kollaps olmuş sağ üst lob ) konkav alt sınır ve hiler kitlenin konveks sınırı- ters S eğri.( Golden’s ters S bulgusu)
37Konjestif kalp yetmezliğinin radyolojik bulguları Cephalization of pulmonary blood flowAlt akciğer vaskülaritesine göre üst akciğer vasküler işaretlerinin anormal kalınlaşması (PCWP 12–17 mm Hg)2) İntertisyel pulmoner ödem (PCWP 18–24 mm Hg)Artmış intertisyel işaretlerPulmoner venöz hipertansiyon—üst zon ve hiler venöz distansiyon<|endoftext|>Süper Lig Takımları
ING Basketbol Süper Lig Takımları
Ahmet Ağaoğlu'ndan Uğurcan Çakır açıklaması!
Uğurcan Çakır'dan 83 yaşındaki taraftara sürpriz ziyaret
Dünya devinin 1 numaralı hedefi Uğurcan Çakır
Uğurcan Çakır için 19 milyon Euro'ya ret
Uğurcan Çakır zirvede!
"Böyle bir oyunla 1 puana razı olmak üzüntü verici"
Uğurcan Çakır korkuttu
Yerli kaleciler göz dolduruyor!
Doğum günü hediyeleri çocuklara
"Trabzonspor, 4 sene önce müzesindeki kupalara haciz gelen bir kulüptü"
"Haaland için gönderdiler Uğurcan'ı beğendiler"
Olcan Şahan: O tarihi ben yazdım
Muslera'dan Uğurcan'a: Tebrikler büyük adam
Hollanda'ya 21 yıl sonra aynı üzüntüyü yaşattı!
"Çocukluktan beri hayalini kuruyorum"
Milli Takım'da kale Uğurcan Çakır'ın
"Uğurcan Çakır için 15 milyon Euro"
Trabzonspor'da transfer harekatı başlıyor
Uğurcan Çakır'ı zirveye koyan o istatistik...
"Türkiye'nin en iyi kalecisi Uğurcan Çakır"
Uğurcan Çakır'dan Milli Takım mesajı
Trabzonspor'a zirve yolunda darbe
Fenerbahçe,Trabzon'u Pelkas'la yıktı; kara 'Bulut'ları dağıttı
"Adım adım zirveye yaklaşıyoruz"<|endoftext|>A comet stretched across the night sky.
Getting cozy with craters on the Moon.
Watching meteors streak across a background of stars and planets.
Logging on to see the first images download from the latest spacecraft to land on Mars.
What was your first connection to the wonders of our solar system and beyond?
The latest stories shared by readers are listed below.
Don't forget to share your own sky story.
12 Jul 2012: Mars Workshops
This summer, we held two weeklong workshops for high school science teachers, about the Moon and Mars. We have incredible teachers from across the USA and around the world, prepared to tackle cratering, volcanism, differentiation, and the ongoing exploration of our solar system!
- Christine S., Education Specialist, Houston, Texas
28 Mar 2012
This is a small story. I always think how the life originated in Earth, then how does earth got this much beauty like sky blue color of with little fog on that. How amazing a day starts with great thinking,while each and every star is look like kids, who smiles by looking the Moon. How big is that? While we look the sky in morning the sky is happy as well as in evening its get a pleasant face. So each and every thing in the world is enjoyable. Enjoy the world.
- Sachin T., , ,
2 Feb 2012
I am a geography teacher in high school and the Solar System is part of the curriculum. I was very motivated with the Year of the Solar System, thus it will be an even more valuable to get students to take an interest in this subject. I will follow by all means possible. Thank you for this initiative.
- Eliane d., Professor, Campo Belo, Brasil
4 Jun 2011
von Schiller Homeschool, in conjunction with Civil Air Patrol, NASA Explorer Schools and the El Paso Housing Authority have been conducting STEM based classes in an afterschool informal education setting since late February 2011. Our goal is to incorporate STEM understanding, mastery and applicability through early access and literacy of aerospace and aviation study.
- Jeri H., Aerospace Educator/ Domestic Engineer, El Paso, Texas, United States of America
2 May 2011
The National Solar Observatory has opened the largest solar system model west of the Mississippi, the third largest in the U.S., and the sixth largest in the world.
The Sunspot Solar System Model is built at a scale of 1:250 million. The scale was set by having the Sun at Sunspot and Neptune at the New Mexico Museum of Space History in Alamogordo. Earth is a mere 2 inches wide and the Sun - the focus of our work - is 18 feet, 3 inches wide. Signs mark orbits of the planets along NM 6563, the Sunspot Scenic Byway, spanning 14 miles from just below Cloudcroft to the National Solar Observatory's Sunspot Astronomy and Visitors Center. On the model's scale, you drive at 13 times the speed of light coming down the highway.
At Sunspot, visitors encounter models of the planets and graphics describing the solar system, with emphasis on the Sun, which dominates our lives. Educational materials are being developed so the model can be used in classrooms anywhere (the Sun's size matches radar domes scattered across the country). We soon will install a dome representing the Sun and other stars.
Details are available at:
Dave Dooling, Education and Public Outreach Officer
National Solar Observatory
Sunspot, NM, 88349
- Dave D., Education Officer, National Solar Observatory, Sunspot, New Mexico
23 Jan 2011
900 People Attend Public Lecture on What Happened to Pluto
A record 900 people attended that lecture in the Silicon Valley Astronomy Lecture Series on Jan. 19, 2011 given by Mike Brown of Caltech. Dr. Brown, the author of the new book "How I Killed Pluto and Why It Had It Coming!" spoke about his discovery of other worlds beyond Neptune (including Eris, which is the same size as Pluto) and how it forced astronomers into a re-examination of the definition of a planet. Although he expressed a fond-ness for Pluto and for its discoverer, the late Clyde Tombaugh, and would actually have benefited personally from having Eris be called the 10th planet and going down in the history books as a planet discoverer, Brown nevertheless fully agreed with the prevailing opinion among astronomers that there is something fundamentally different about Pluto, Eris, and their siblings that makes them into a separate category from the eight planets.
The audience at the talk ranged from children as young as 10 years old to retired people from many San Francisco Bay Area communities. There were huge numbers of questions for Dr. Brown after the talk -- so many that we had to cut them off to give him a chance to take a breath, before he spent another
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2,993 | 7 | 2 |
dan A-1 Pictures & Satelight İçİn A-1 Pictures & Köprüsü.
Karakter tasarımcısı değiştirmek, önce bölüm 175 karakter tasarımı tarafından yapılır 'Aoi Yamamoto' sonra o 'Shinji Takeuchi' ve 'Toshihiko Sano'.
Sanat Yönetmeni değişikliği, önce bölüm 175 karakter tasarımı tarafından yapılır 'Junko Shimizu sonra' o 'Shigeru Morimoto.
Eğer ilgini geri kalan Personel kontrol dışarı bu sayfa için her şeyden önce bölüm 175, ve bu sayfa için her şeyi sonra 175.
Yeni animasyon özel saldırılar vurgu, hızlı sahneler, genel hikaye renk, berraklık ve akıcılık. Bazı insanlar, bazı yoktur değişikliği gibi olacak. Burada bir video gösteren bazı farklılıklar ile karakter tasarımı.<|endoftext|>5,300 years ago in what is now the Oetzal Alps between Austria and Italy, a man that researchers today decided to name “Ötzi” lived and also met an untimely and suspicious death. His frozen and mummified body was discovered at nearly 11,000 feet of altitude melting from glacial ice in 1991 by a pair of German hikers. Archaeologists considered this the discovery of the century—an intact, frozen semi-prehistoric man. His body and possessions were almost perfectly preserved. He was about 46 years of age, 5’2” (fairly average height for his day) and evidently a person of some higher status due to the quality of his possessions. His likeliest cause of death, as forensic researchers determined, was actually murder…but his health was anything but stellar the day he died.
Even though he lived several thousand years ago, Ötzi was already quite clearly a neolithic (agricultural era) human, even as he may have also hunted for some of his food along the way. Let’s just say that agriculture didn’t do Ötzi any favors. For starters, he apparently suffered severe tooth decay and even had the grains that helped cause that still stuck in his teeth when they discovered his body. Along with lousy oral health he also showed signs of suffering arteriosclerosis and advanced arthritis. He may be portrayed by the media as a prehistoric human, but his state of health was decidedly forged by the dietary pitfalls of an agricultural-based society. According to his stomach contents, bread was part of his last meal. Despite whatever hunting and gathering he may have done along the way he clearly wasn’t “Paleo” in many of his dietary choices. He was basically modern enough to have suffered some of the earliest diseases of modern civilization. In short, Ötzi was an agriculturally-influenced, medical mess.
His shorter stature and ill health was actually typical of many post-agricultural societies. Early agriculturalists commonly suffered mineral deficiency-associated diseases like rickets, stunted growth and bone mineral disorders. Osteoporosis, skeletal abnormalities, malnutrition, birth defects, dental malocclusion and degenerative disease also became much more commonplace once we adopted the widespread consumption of grains (yes–including whole grains). Cereal-based diets also commonly led to numerous other vitamin and mineral deficiencies not typically shared by their more Stone Age ancestors; such as pellagra, scurvy, beriberi, as well as vitamin A, iron and zinc deficiencies (the minerals contained in grains are actually poorly available to us, if at all, due to the presence of a substance known as phytic acid—something never mentioned by proponents of the government “food pyramids”, or the commercial purveyors of supposedly “healthy whole grains”). According to the researchers analysis, Ötzi’s dental problems show the results of switching from a strictly hunter-gatherer to an agricultural one.
Grain consumption has been linked with allergies, food sensitivities, autoimmune disorders (now numbering in excess of 100 that have been identified thus far, and 40 additional diseases thought to have an autoimmune component), numerous cancers, pancreatic disorders, mineral deficiencies, arthritis, cardiovascular disease, celiac disease, epilepsy, cerebellar ataxia’s, dementia, degenerative diseases of the brain and central nervous system, peripheral neuropathies of axonal or demyelinating types, and myopathies as well as autism and schizophrenia, to name a few of our more common modern day health-related issues.
Contrast this with the primary cause of death in more Stone Age hunter-gatherers: accident and infection. That’s about it. As long as we survived that, we stood pretty good odds of making it to old age without the chronic degenerative diseases that plague the elderly and not so elderly today. Fast-forwarding to today— as we continue to follow this slippery slope of embracing products and byproducts of Monoculture Agriculture and the ever-powerful Food Industry, according to new findings, people today are being diagnosed with disease 33 percent (15 years) faster than their grandparents. Age 30 has become the new 45 in reference to on-setting disease. This is all relatively new—and NOT because we suddenly began consuming more animal-based foods or fats (which our ancestors have eaten consistently for close to 3 million years)!
Certain popular books today encourage those of us that have been smart enough to shed non-essential and highly problematic grains from our diet, to actually bring wheat back into our diets again. Really? Do we really want this (even as it may be telling some folks what they want to hear)? So much is wrong with this idea that it isn’t even funny….but I’ll save the rest for another article.
Even as an agricultural lifestyle allowed us to live in better protected, safer and controlled environments, an agricultural lifestyle wasn’t exactly our fast track to optimal health and longevity. Even as human populations exploded (ultimately leading to planetary overpopulation issues we face today), life expectancy actually declined by half—relative to our supposedly short-lived Paleolithic forebears–early on into the agricultural revolution. In fact, between the Neolithic Revolution and the late 18th century human life expectancy never exceeded roughly 25 years! What basically improved longevity in more modern times sure as heck wasn’t our back-breaking, nutrition- and health-compromising agricultural lifestyle, but instead (apart from protection from the elements and predators) better technology, sanitation, and modern economic growth.
When researchers compared the health of farmers versus hunter-gatherers they found that the farmers suffered much higher rates of infection due to the concentration of stationary human populations in farming communities, much poorer nutrition due to their increased cereal grain intake and reduced meat/fat intake and problems with mineral absorption due to the effects of the cereal-based diet (Cohen, 1989). Neolithic farmers were shorter, had many more health-related issues and a lower life expectancy relative to Mesolithic hunter-gatherers. We also became much more vulnerable to famine; not to mention the oppression and control (and the other delightful things) that come with concentrated population centers and opportunistic ruling class hierarchies, not the least of which has been an unending and unprecidented pattern of full scale wars.
Agriculture also served to shift our macronutrient content from a focus on dietary fat and protein to a diet based far more upon carbohydrate intake. The impact on human health in this regard has not been trivial. Only in modern times, for instance, have we humans developed an emergency need to lower blood sugar through the unnaturally chronic and metabolically dysregulating release of insulin. We were never designed to tolerate being marinated in a caustic and inflammatory mix of glucose (and other sugars) and insulin 24/7. This is a modern-day development and one we need to rethink if we are ever to reclaim our primal birthright as a species of foundational health.
Agriculture cost us as a species, big time. We’ve spent the last 500 generations—or less, less than 0.4% of our evolutionary history —after we spent more than 100,000 generations (99.9+%) on a mostly meat and fat diet—eating a diet that is demonstrably and increasingly unnatural to our species. Pre-agricultural paleolithic hunters and gatherers derived most of their calories from about 100-200 different species of wild animals (meat and fat being as much as 90% of their dietary economy)…and to a lesser degree fibrous vegetables, greens and nuts/fruits.
Suddenly, all of about 17 species of plants today, most of which are entirely new to the human diet—are providing 90 percent of the world’s food supply. That’s an insanely huge flip-flop, and it has NOT been a healthy one. The toll this has taken upon our health, not to mention the health of the planetary environment is immeasurable and tragic.
The energy and nutrient value of starch-based foods we have come to rely upon in modern times are considerably inferior to animal foods, even after cooking. Sugar-based foods in particular have led to an epidemic of metabolic disorders, including obesity, type 2 diabetes and a huge variety of sugar-hungry cancers.
And these foods aren’t just problematic in today’s world. They have been problematic from the beginning of their widespread consumption. They were literally never the cornerstone of optimal health.
Grains and legumes, much less refined carbohydrates weren’t necessarily all to blame for poor health related to starch consumption in pre- (and post-) agricultural humans. An interesting study was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences in January of 2014 revealing that pre-agricultural starchy carbohydrate consumption led to ill health and dental disease in prehistoric hunter-gatherers from time to time, as well. In other words, we can’t blame it all on farming. The research by a team from Oxford University, the Natural History Museum, London, and the National Institute of Archaeological Sciences and Heritage (INSAP) in Morocco actually showed that widespread tooth decay occurred in a hunter-gathering society in Morocco several thousand years before the dawn of agriculture. The team analyzed 52 sets of adult teeth from hunter-gatherer skeletons found in Taforalt in Morocco, dating between 15,000 and 13,700 years ago. Unexpectedly, they found evidence of decay and abscesses in more than half of the surviving teeth, with only three skeletons showing no signs of cavities. Excavations revealed evidence of the systematic harvesting and processing of wild foods, including sweet acorns, pine nuts and land snails. The guilty food? Sweet (starchy) acorns, apparently. In other words, even naturally occurring starch in its whole food, wild state wasn’t an optimal food for our ancestors, either.
Dental abnormality such as malocclusion and dental crowding (attractive as they are) first became common among the world’s earliest farmers some 12,000 years ago in Southwest Asia, according to findings published (04 Feb 2015) in the journal PLoS ONE. Pre-agricultural, paleolithic hunter-gatherers, on the other hand had almost no malocclusion and dental crowding demonstrated in any research to date. In a Science Daily article illuminating highlights of this PLOS ONE study, interviews with the research scientists behind the study revealed that, “Our analysis shows that the lower jaws of the world’s earliest farmers in the Levant, are not simply smaller versions of those of the predecessor hunter-gatherers, but that the lower jaw underwent a complex series of shape changes commensurate with the transition to agriculture,” says Professor Ron Pinhasi from the School of Archaeology and Earth Institute, University College Dublin, the lead author on the study.
“Our findings show that the hunter gatherer populations have an almost “perfect harmony” between their lower jaws and teeth,” he explains. “But this harmony begins to fade when you examine the lower jaws and teeth of the earliest farmers.”
In the case of hunter-gatherers, the scientists from University College Dublin, Israel Antiquity Authority, and the State University of New York, Buffalo, found a correlation between inter-individual jawbones and dental distances, suggesting an almost “perfect” state of equilibrium between the two. While in the case of semi-sedentary hunter-gatherers and farming groups, they found no such correlation, suggesting that the harmony between the teeth and the jawbone was disrupted with the shift towards agricultural practices and sedentism in the region. This, the international team of scientists say, may be linked to the dietary changes among the different populations.
The diet of the hunter-gatherer was based on “hard” foods like wild uncooked vegetables and meat, while the staple diet of the sedentary farmer is based on “soft” cooked or processed foods like cereals and legumes. With soft cooked foods there is less of a requirement for chewing which in turn lessens the size of the jaws but without a corresponding reduction in the dimensions of the teeth, there is no adequate space in the jaws and this often results in malocclusion and dental crowding.
The link between chewing, diet, and related dental wear patterns is well known in the scientific literature. Today, malocclusion and dental crowding affects around one in five people in modern-world populations. The condition has been described as the “malady of civilization.”
In short, we humans were fundamentally designed by our evolutionary selective pressures and earliest dietary preferences to be fat-heads, not potato-heads (or acorn-heads), much less grain-brains.
Ketones, the basic energy units of fat, along with free fatty acids are an extremely abundant, reliable, stable and steady source of fuel, even in the absence of regular meals. Furthermore, brain cells (and delicate brain tissue) are more vulnerable than just about any other tissue to the ravages of glycation and the oxidation or free radical activity that glucose and glycation attracts. The brain actually prefers ketones (or, more specifically, BOHB) to glucose as it’s primary source of fuel (from the standpoint of being non-damaging, as well as being a “superfuel”, yielding even more ATP than either glucose or free fatty acids). Interestingly, acetoacetate (another form of ketone body) is the preferred source of energy in our heart muscle and renal cortex… but your brain can also use that if it needs to, and it adds needed balance to BOHB in those who may be seizure-prone. Nature was beyond wise to design us this way, but unfortunately most people today fail to take advantage of this incredibly elegant and efficient design, instead diverting away from the energy we were mostly meant to rely upon and forcing an unnatural and enslaving dependence upon carbohydrates as a primary source of fuel.
Think about what we’ve been mostly eating for the last 10,000 years while our brains have been progressively shrinking and our collective health increasingly deteriorating…
The most obvious and far-reaching dietary change during the last 10,000 years is, of course, the enormous drop in consumption of high-energy, fat-rich foods of animal origin which formed easily 90% of our diet in Paleolithic times, to as little as 10% today, coupled with a large rise in less energy-dense grain consumption. This switch—this literal flip-flop to a carbohydrate-based diet embraced by the corporately controlled USDA Food Pyramid (and other nearly identical guidelines offered in Europe/UK and Australia/New Zealand) is far from optimal and far from benign in its effects.
In fact, more recently, there has been a long overdue, detailed analysis of the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data, which has been measuring dietary trends, caloric consumption and the body heights and weights of americans for nearly 50 years. What it revealed is both shocking and telling:
It turns out that Americans HAVE been following the rules and taking the mainstream government guidelines to heart in their dietary choices (all the while the health of the public has been deteriorating). –And even more shockingly, It seems the more obediently we have followed the rules, the sicker and more obese we have become as a society. Trading animal source foods for carbs and animal fats for vegetable oils has effectively pushed the collective health of Americans (and others following similar guidelines the world over) to the brink of collapse.
It’s well past time we take the USDA Food Pyramid and turn it upside down. I think even Ötzi would agree.
(Check out my new weekly online program: Primal Restoration TM)
1 Rollo, F.U. et al., “Ötzi’s last meals: DNA analysis of the intestinal content of the Neolithic glacier mummy from the Alps.” PNAS October 1 vol 99 no 99 (2002)
2 L Hallberg, et al. “Phytates and the inhibitory effect of bran on iron absorption in man.” Am J Clin Nutr. 1987; 45(5): 988.
3 Seiler R, Spielman AI, Zink A, Rühli, F. “Oral pathologies of the Neolithic Iceman, c. 3,300 BC”. European Journal of Oral Sciences (2013) 1-5
5 Cordain, L. Cereal grains: humanity’s double-edged sword. World Rev Nutr Diet. 1999; 84:19-73.
6 Hulsegge G, Susan H, Picavet J , et al. Today’s adult generations are less healthy than their predecessors: generation shifts in metabolic risk factors: the Doetinchem Cohort Study. European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. Published online April 10 2013 (http://cpr.sagepub.com/content/early/2013/04/08/2047487313485512.abstract)
7 Angel JL. Health as a factor in the changes from hunting to developed farming in the eastern Mediterranean. In: Cohen MN, Armelagos GJ, editors. Paleopathology at the origins of agriculture. New York: Academic Press, 1984:51–73
8 Fogel RW. The fourth great awakening and the future of egalitarianism. Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press, 2000:48,137–75.) and (Kuznets S. Modern economic growth: rate, structure, and spread. New Haven: Yale Univ. Press, 1966:8–16.
9 Acsa’di, G.Y., and J. Nemeskeri, (1970), History of Human Life Span and Mortality, (Akademiai Kiado, Budapest).
10 Cohen M. N.,(1989),Health and the Rise of Civilization (Yale Uni. Press: New Haven).
11 Diamond, J. (1997),.Guns,Germs,andSteel:TheFatesofHumanSocieties.(Norton, New York).
12 Wesidorf, J. L. (2006) “From Foraging to Farming: Explaining the Neolithic Revolution,”Journal of Economic Surveys,19, 561-586
13 Humphrey LT, De Groote, I, Morales J, Barton N, Collcutt S, Bronk Ramsey C, Bouzouggar A. “Earliest evidence for caries and exploitation of starchy plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from Morocco.“Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2014; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1318176111
14 Pinhasi R, Eshed V, von Cramon-Taubadel N. “Incongruity between Affinity Patterns Based on Mandibular and Lower Dental Dimensions following the Transition to Agriculture in the Near East, Anatolia and Europe.” PLOS ONE, 2015; 10 (2): e0117301 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117301
15 “Malocclusion and dental crowding arose 12,000 years ago with earliest farmers.” Science Daily. February 4, 2015.
16 Cahill GF Jr,
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of real-world scenarios as teaching and learning enhancement tools.
My work on the development of High Street has been a key factor in informing my understanding of how the potential benefits of enhancing learning through technology must be strategically weighed against certain constraints that can be inherent in certain approaches. In particular, in this case concerning the ongoing sustainability, governance and potential scalability of ELT resources.
Critical in the development of High Street was the requirement that once launched it could be owned, governed and administered by the teaching staff. This approach relates directly to the development of staff digital literacies across DMU, which forms part of CELT’s professional development strategy – to facilitate staff ownership of core skills that apply to enhancing teaching and learning in practice.
So it was important that my project plan included the mechanisms by which the High Street could be owned by the stakeholders themselves, and that there was a sustainable model of governance going forward. To this end I intentionally built High Street in our institutional VLE (Blackboard). Academic staff at DMU are required to be versed in the basic use of Blackboard for the online delivery of materials to support and enhance teaching and learning. As the High Street utilises many of the basic Blackboard content creation tools to add, update, and edit content, interaction with the resource was within the technical comfort zone of most teaching staff. Albeit carrying with it a manageable amount of new skills that could have a positive impact on staff digital literacy in terms of mechanisms by which online, scenario-based teaching and learning content could be further integrated into teaching and learning materials.
Building High Street in a recognised teaching and learning system allowed the Nursing programme team to take ownership of the resource. With High Street, academic staff are empowered to create their own resident profiles and add them to the High Street, and to create scenarios around residents that are specific to their teaching and their students’ learning needs. Rather than having an external person or persons (that is persons without any knowledge of Nursing and its pedagogy) manage, administer, edit, update and generally maintain the site, it allows the programme team to take on these roles without having to undergo any specific new training – utilising the High Street is exactly the same process as when utilising their usual Blackboard module spaces. Also, any technical support that is required for High Street can draw on the existing procedures that are in place to support the use of Blackboard. In terms of scalability – having the resource located within the VLE minimised potential storage capacity issues.
From the student perspective, Blackboard is a recognised space in which students engage with their online learning materials. Situating High Street in the VLE did not therefore require students to learn how to use a different online space to access and interact with learning materials.
Another key factor was in ensuring that academic staff (where necessary) would engage with the resource as part of their teaching. If the resource was difficult to use, requiring an investment of time above and beyond that assigned to teaching there would be a risk that no academic staff would engage with the resource. Therefore my strategy was to develop a resource that functioned as an integral part of the existing teaching resources – that was seen as a normalised component of teaching preparation and delivery. Were the resource to have been built in a bespoke system – sustainability, administration, governance, scalability would have been far more difficult to implement. Significantly more staff and student training in the use of the resource would have been needed, all of which would have resulted in staff and students being less likely to engage with the resource.
Given some of the anecdotal feedback I received from academic staff shortly following the launch of High Street, on reflection my support for staff in the use of High Street during its development was mostly focused on how they could use the technology to add scenario-based materials in to High Street and access these from their online teaching spaces. What they would have liked to have seen were more examples of how scenario-based materials similar to those which were populating High Street, and how other virtual real-world resources were being used to support and enhance teaching and learning. For some staff this was an entirely new and unknown approach to teaching and learning, and as such it required more support and information in terms of contextualizing the resource from a situated teaching and learning perspective. I responded to this by subsequently working with individual staff to identify how the High Street resource might be effectively situated within their particular teaching and learning needs.
My work on the High Street resource has been formally recognised. Such as in the following testimonial:
Dr Abigail Moriarty – DMU Nursing and Midwifery
I am completing this accolade for Rob in relation to his amazing work behind the virtual learning tool ‘High Street’. High Street was merely an idea on something that would be ‘nice’ to see in a nursing curriculum. Rob made it real. Rob made it happen. It was all down to Rob.
I worked alongside Rob when originally planning the High Street concept, Rob was new to the Faculty but this did not dissuade him from being enthusiastic and motivational in getting this learning tool off the ground under a short timeframe with limited resources. His strategic approach in developing this initiative shaped the successful outcome of High Street, as it has been commended in several curriculum validations as good practice. It was not just his technical expertise that was invaluable but his intellectual acumen in understanding the underpinning pedagogic rationale for its progression. His clear understanding on the developing student learning landscape has resulted in Rob being able to support staff (with this new High Street technology) as well as appreciating how students can benefit from this learning enhancement tool, a unique and individual perspective.
b) Technical knowledge and ability in the use of learning technology
As exemplified throughout this portfolio, I have a broad range of knowledge and ability in the use of technology in general, as well as in the use of specific learning technologies. I am actively engaged in using technology to develop teaching and learning materials and in supporting the use of technology for teaching and learning.
A significant component of my role involves working directly with academic staff in their use of our institutional VLE (Blackboard). As the eLearning coordinator for the Faculty of Health and Life Sciences (HLS) at DMU I actively support academic staff in their use of over 650 module sites in the VLE. This means that I am required to engage with the use of technology across all aspects of the HLS curriculum for both attending and distance students, undergraduate and postgraduate, in programmes such as, Psychology, Nursing and Midwifery, Speech and Language Therapy, Pharmacy, Biomedical Science, Education Studies, Social Work, Criminology, and Forensics. The implementation of technology across these varied curricula encompasses:
- Classroom-based technologies
- eAssessment and feedback
- Digital Multimedia for Teaching and Learning
- Lecture and Presentation Capture
- Asynchronous and synchronous classroom technology
I have independently conceptualised and lead on a number of ELT projects and have supported, developed and collaborated on projects conceived by others.
Some examples of my major project work are (these are explored in more detail in this portfolio):
- The CELT Hub – http://celt.our.dmu.ac.uk/
- The High Street – see an overview at: http://celt.our.dmu.ac.uk/effective-practice/elt-case-studies/developing-high-street
- EARS and EARS2 – see the Specialist Option section for more info about my EARS work.
Other examples of my use of technology to support teaching and learning can be found throughout this portfolio.
Given my particular expertise in the use of digital media and the development of web-based content, a significant part of my role concerns the development of media-based teaching and learning content, and supporting staff in the use of this type of content.
I have produced video tutorials, such as:
I have developed learning objects in close collaboration with academic staff. For example this interactive, online scenario-based learning object: http://aural-initiative.com/scenarios/EmergencyRoom/EmergencyRoom.html
I have authored and deliver staff development sessions about the use of digital media for teaching and learning. An example of which can be found in the Wider Context section.
My technological ability and knowledge has afforded me the opportunity to utilise a range of technologies that may not be defined as learning technologies, but that can be utilised as effective learning technologies or to develop effective teaching and learning resources. The experience that I have gained in applying the range of skills that I have in the use of technology – beyond those that are defined as learning technologies – towards enhancing teaching and learning has instilled in me an awareness that the very term ‘learning technologies’ should not necessarily apply to a finite and narrow set of technologies. The key is in understanding and/or discovering through ongoing experimentation the pedagogic potential of a range of technologies in the context of both general and localised/specialised teaching and learning needs; how a technology might be effectively applied to serve teaching and learning even when its core function may not, on the surface appear to be directly related to enhancing teaching and learning.
Having worked with academic staff on the development of resources for which they were required to use technology that was unknown to them (but one that I myself was proficient in) and that they would be required to learn how to use in order to develop content in an on going process, has revealed some important considerations that I did not fully appreciate when I first began my role as a learning technologist.
Becoming proficient in the use of a technology and subsequently using this new technology to create teaching and learning resources, carries with it what can be a significant time overhead. If one is not upfront with staff in terms of what the time overheads might potentially be, it can result in the situation where once you move back from actively supporting the member of staff in their use of a new technology to develop content, the time overhead required to become proficient in the use of the technology and the time required to create the resources, is above and beyond their reasonable capacity – and they subsequently decide not to pursue it. Given my experience of this I now take care in giving as accurate as possible information about what the time overheads might be in terms of learning how to use the technology to a point at which they are proficient in its use, and how long it takes to develop content once this level of proficiency is reached.
c) Supporting the deployment of learning technologies
Having been involved in several large-scale projects concerned with the deployment of and upgrading of learning technologies I have come to appreciate the extent to which a strategic approach that takes into account aspects of change management and project management is key to effectively working in this space.
When I began my post as a learning technologist, it was within the newly established Centre for Enhancing Learning through Technology (CELT) at DMU. The establishing of CELT coincided with ELT being included as a key strategic component in what was at the time a new iteration of the University Learning, Teaching and Assessment Strategy. This emerging institutional focus on ELT may well result in what could be some seismic shifts in teaching, learning and assessment culture and practice – such shifts would therefore require careful strategic management.
Given that a core aim of the CELT is to support academic staff in their use of technology to enhance learning. I looked to my existing abilities, those that I had brought with me to the role, in terms of how I might effectively apply these strategically towards establishing the Centre on the basis of its core aims. Given my background in web design and development I suggested that I might evaluate the status of our institutional online staff support provision related to ELT. I was given the task of undertaking this evaluation. I found that although there were significant institutional online support materials for ELT, these materials were dispersed across various web spaces and online repositories across the institution.
Based on my evaluation I proposed that we consolidate all of our existing online support materials into a single centralised Hub; update these materials where necessary; and author new support materials as required. To facilitate this I conceptualised, project managed and lead the development of our CELT Hub which is built in the WordPress platform and is a comprehensive online ELT support hub for staff at DMU. It has an internal enhancement focus around staff development in the use of ELT; a means of providing staff with contextualized content that helps them to understand the pedagogic benefits of technology and how they might go about implementing technology enhanced approaches into their curriculum.
Key to the deployment, resilience and scalability of the CELT Hub was to establish effective governance for the site within the CELT team. Examples of which can be seen in the following documents:
The Hub has proven to be an effective mechanism for engaging academic staff in the use of our core deployed technologies for teaching and learning. On average the CELT Hub receives between 1,500 and 4,200 visits per month. The majority of which are by academic staff at DMU. We see spikes in the number of visits around the beginning of the academic session in September, and following any significant upgrade of our VLE or deployment of new learning technologies – this indicates that the Hub is seen as a key source of support by academic staff. These statistics also help us to strategically target our staff development programme.
The Hub itself is embedded within the DMU Academic Commons (http://our.dmu.ac.uk), which is an online, internal and public facing space, for which I recently lead an institutional upgrade. This included re-design of the user interface, updating of the user support guides, and the authoring of a new service level agreement and governance procedures between our IT support service and CELT to ensure resiliency in the ongoing support of the Commons. Through my work, the CELT Team are currently supporting 954 sites and 1,049 users on the DMU Academic Commons. Sites are related to: scholarship of teaching; teaching and learning; undergraduate student portfolios/websites; Ph.D. student blogs/websites; Student Frontrunners; individual staff blogs; sites focused on institutional operations or strategy; Staff Development; on-line Journals; Research Projects.
I also run a series of three staff development sessions in the use of the DMU Commons.
In July 2013 the CELT team implemented an anonymous marking protocol across our institutional electronic marking infrastructure. This included the deployment of a new electronic marking and feedback solution via Turnitin and a distinct set of eAssessment practices. This deployment was supported by a series of workshops for staff, for which I was involved in the delivery and in the authoring of online support materials:
In July 2014 the CELT team implemented a major upgrade of our core VLE. My role as part of the team included user testing of the upgraded system to ensure that functionality operated as it should across a range of teaching, learning and assessment scenarios. My approach in working very closely with academic staff towards understanding the range of teaching and learning needs across varied curricular, presents me with a range of scenarios that I can utilise to effectively user-test systems in term of them being fit for purpose. Following the upgrade I ran several HLS Faculty staff support sessions where I gave an overview of the key changes to, and new features in Blackboard:
As the lead developer of our online support Hub I managed the process by which the CELT team updated our online help guides to reflect the changes to our VLE. It was important that legacy pages were also properly archived, to this end I authored an archiving procedure. Here a simple “how to…” video that I created about the archiving process:
I am currently co-project manager for the implementation of an institutional Synchronous Classroom solution. My role requires the execution and management of an implementation plan. This includes:
- piloting the solution with a group of early adopters and capturing the experiences as case studies for dissemination across the institution
- ensuring that the IT application support team are versed in the operation of the solution and that IT support procedures are in place
- leading the development of staff training sessions in the use of the software
- up skilling my CELT colleagues in the use of the software
- leading the creation of online support materials and help guides
- strategically managing the scaling of the solution across the institution
As part of the early phase of development of Synchronous Classroom project I implemented the use of Big Blue Button (an open source online conferencing solution) in our DMU Commons space. This was as a short-term solution to accommodate those academic staff who were wanting to explore the possibilities of Synchronous Classroom technology, but for whom at the time there was no solution in place.
Having developed and deployed several technologies, in particular those that have been designed to support academic staff in their use of technology for teaching and learning. I have come to realise the folly of thinking that “if you build it they will come”. You may indeed have developed a superb resource, but if no one knows that it exists then ultimately it is of no use. When our CELT hub was first launched, albeit its launch was announced institutionally, it didn’t attract as many visits as were anticipated – a few months after its launch I would still come across academic staff who, when I mentioned the hub would say – “What’s that? Never heard of it”. Given this, it was important that mechanisms were put in place to signpost the resource and to drive people to it. Signposts for the hub were strategically placed in various information resources that staff tended to interact with – such as the VLE, online library pages, staff intranet, newsletters, and staff pages on the DMU website. The hub was also marketed by the CELT team at various meetings which we attend as part of our faculty and institutional roles. Once a critical mass of visitors to the hub had been reached, thanks to our signposting efforts, word of mouth from hub site users then began to drive more visitors as staff began to talk about how useful they found the hub. Resource signposting is now a key component of my resource development strategy.<|endoftext|>Home Tags Rinascimento
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METODO DI STUDIO
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Dante Alighieri
Il famosissimo sonetto Tanto gentile e tanto onesta pare di Dante Alighieri è uno degli esempi più significativi della poesia del Dolce Stil Novo....<|endoftext|>MIAMI - For the past three decades, University of Miami geology professor Harold Wanless has tracked the tides as they crept higher, watched oysters head for drier ground and repeatedly warned that the ocean is swelling in ways that could one day put coastal cities like Miami under water.
His predictions _ punctuated with dire conclusions like "this is going to test the very fibers of civilization" _ often drew skepticism or, worse, silence.
But earlier this month, two new studies reported findings that, if they hold up, would confirm what he and other scientists have long suspected: Global warming has triggered an unstoppable melting of polar ice in Antarctica that could raise sea level by 10 feet or more over the next several centuries.
Coming on the heels of international and national assessments that this spring affirmed the effects of climate change, the 72-year-old professor is finding himself in new territory.
"People used to yell at you when you gave talks," said Wanless, who is not prone to smiling. "They don't do that anymore."
The chair of UM's geology department, he has a 43-page resume listing dozens of publications and accomplishments, including being a lecturer for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration as well as an elementary school science fair judge. He now hopes the long debate over climate change can get to what he sees as the real point: not whether humans are warming the planet, but how fast it is warming.
Wanless was not alone when he sounded the alarm bell on rising seas over the years. But getting the public _ and politicians _ to pay attention was a struggle, particularly for scientists used to operating in the safety of their laboratories.
"You're supposed to be sitting in a lab doing really good science, and what's happening to the rest of the world is not of your concern,"
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pm and will answer as many questions as possible from the ones you have already sent, some that have come from previous discussions and questions you email now.
Email your questions to [email protected] and join us on Twitter with hashtag #dontdestroyresearch
Síle Lane 1. The first question is "what’s the problem with doing this research in a green house?"
Huw Jones: We have done tests in a glasshouse and the results were spectacular; aphids were repelled and natural enemies attracted to our GM plants. However, people would be right to say this is does not reflect real life agriculture.
Wendy Harwood: A greenhouse can never replicate the range of environmental conditions found in the field. This means that field experiments are essential to really test how the wheat performs.
2. "Why do you say insects can't carry off the GM wheat pollen?"
WH: Insects do not pollinate wheat so wheat pollen will not be carried off by pollinating insects. If pollen was ‘carried off’ it is only viable for a very short time (a few minutes) so would not be a problem.
HJ: Wheat is not insect-pollinated. Wheat flowers fertilise themselves before they open. Excess pollen, which is heavy and lives for only a few hours, then falls to the ground around the plant.
3. "How does a small fence stop animals and birds spreading dangerous GM pollen and seeds?"
HJ: Pollen is not a problem, however, there is a potential hazard of birds or animals picking up seeds, either at time of sowing or around harvest time. Small mammals are excluded for the whole trial period by the fence which has small mesh (around 1cm). Birds are actively excluded for a month after sowing and at harvest time by management practices including bird kites, gas guns and tape.
WH: The trial has a variety of measures in place to deter birds and animals.
@orchid_b 4. "Genes jump, what’s to stop them jumping again?"
WH: There are no wild relatives of wheat that it could cross with out in the field so genes could not ‘jump’ to other plants in this way. The risk assessment carried out will have considered whether the introduced gene could cause any harm in the environment if it spread. The trial would not have been allowed if there was a risk.
HJ: Nothing. The movement of genes from one type of organism to another via non-sexual means (so-called ‘horizontal gene transfer’) is extremely rare but it does occur naturally and is nothing specifically to do with GMOs.
5. "Are you going to feed potentially contaminated wheat in nearby fields to rats to test its safety?"
HJ: No, and this suggestion is outrageous. There will be no contaminated wheat in nearby fields and there are simply no risks in our field experiment that justify the use of any animal experimentation.
WH: Pollen from the trial is extremely unlikely to be able to spread to nearby wheat fields. Rat feeding trials would not therefore provide useful information and the gene used in this wheat is already found naturally in other plants.
6. "Do gas guns harm birds?"
HJ: Gas guns merely make a loud bang to scare birds away. They are powered by gas but perhaps the name is a little misleading!
7. "In Guardian letters today Eddie Dougall says "birds and insects will carry GM pollen miles and wind will carry it hundreds of miles, with the inevitable effect of contaminating non-GM wheat." You can't control that. Why isn't the experiment being carried out under laboratory conditions?"
WH: If wheat pollen is carried by birds, insects, or the wind it will not be a problem as it is only viable for a few minutes so would not be able to pollinate non-GM wheat a long distance away.
HJ: These risks were considered by an independent panel of experts on the ACRE committee. Birds and insects do not collect wheat pollen. High winds at the time of flowering could in theory spread pollen but wheat pollen is heavy and lives for only a few hours. Combined with the self-pollinating nature of wheat and the absence of wild relatives, the risk of outcrossing was considered effectively zero.
8. "In the US, modified genes have transferred into local wildplants creating 'superweeds' which are resistant to herbicides. Farmers are now having to use stronger banned weed killers, as they are the only ones effective against the new weeds. Won’t this happen here?"
HJ: Wheat is 99% self-pollinating and it is a real challenge to make wheat-to-wheat hybrids, let alone cross wheat to something else. The only wild plant theoretically capable of crossing to wheat in the UK is couch grass. There have been some lab experiments that have made hybrids between wheat and couch grass but this needs man’s help and has never been seen in the wild. However, as part of the conditions of the consent, we will ensure no couch grass grows in our trial or in the surrounding 20m.
9. "By growing wheat outside they have already put the seeds into the environment. So what would happen if it was found to be toxic? You can't unpollinate plants!!!"
WH: The gene used in this wheat is already found naturally in other plants so is already in the environment. Also wheat is mainly self pollinated and there are no wild plants that could be pollinated by it.
10. "You said insects don’t pollinate wheat but surely they land on the flowers?"
WH: In wheat the male and female parts of the flower are enclosed when pollination occurs. Therefore even if an insect landed on a wheat flower the pollen it might pick up would probably be old and not-viable.
HJ: Can I add, insects are not attracted to wheat flowers because they do not make nectar or scent. I’ve never seen a pollinating insect on a wheat flower.
Brendan Armstrong 11. "If modified genes from the experiment get into other crops what are the chances that these genes will mutate into something harmful, and how long would it take in years?"
WH: The genes introduced into the wheat could not get into other crops as wheat cannot cross with other crops or any wild plants to transfer the genes. The genes are no more likely to mutate than any other genes.
12. "What about the concerns around the use of antibiotic resistant marker genes?"
HJ: The antibiotic resistance (ab) genes were used as part of the experimental procedure and are non-functional in the final plant. People are concerned about these genes somehow jumping from the plant into bacteria in the soil to make antibiotic resistant bacteria. Genes can jump like this in nature but is extremely rare. The ab genes used in these plants came from bacteria anyway and there are lots of soil bacteria with ab genes. This potential risk was considered negligible by the group of independent ACRE scientists.
13. "Perhaps, if successful, the crop will negate the need for added chemical pesticide (a good thing). But then again, if the plants repel aphids there will be no aphids, and no insects eating the aphids, and no birds eating the insects, and no food chain. What if this research kills off all the aphids?"
WH: Even if this wheat was eventually grown commercially it would only repel aphids not kill them all. It would also attract natural predators of aphids. However, the possible effect on the food chain is something that would need to be considered if it was ever to be commercialised.
14. "Someone said the wheat pollen dies very quickly. What does that mean? I didn't know pollen could die."
WH: What we mean is that the pollen would no longer be able to pollinate another wheat plant after a short period of time as it would be ‘non-viable’. Pollen is ‘viable’ for only a short period of time after being released from the anthers.
@eskoala 15. "What are the potential benefits of the research?"
HJ: Less pesticide use and more biodiversity. Aphids (green- and blackfly) are major pests that are normally controlled by spraying insecticides which kill them but also other beneficial insects. Our wheat plants control aphids by ‘scaring them off’ using an natural alarm pheromone normally made by aphids when they are attacked. Other insects are not affected. We know this works in the lab and think the aphids in our experiment will retreat to the wild flowers in hedges and field margins but we need to test this in the field.
Jeroen Crappé 16. "Re: Question 8 Is it really the herbicide resistance gene that is transfered to wild plants? Or is it in fact the overuse of glyphosate that enables those wild plants to become resistant via evolution?"
HJ: It’s a bit of both. If a herbicide resistance gene did transfer from a GM crop to a wild relative, that wild plant would also be able to tolerate that particular herbicide. A farmer would need to use another type of herbicide to kill it. It is also true that constant use of one type of herbicide on any (non GM) plant species will eventually generate resistant plants through the selection of random mutations.
17. "The researchers say this gene is naturally in 100s of other plants. Does it spread from them to our gardens?"
WH: This gene may already be in many gardens as it is found in mint. The gene would only spread between plants able to cross-pollinate.
@westcoastcomms 18. "What is the widest held misconception about GM research?"
HJ: That it's somehow all controlled by big multinational companies. Most GM research is done in universities or by independent institutes to investigate the function of genes and to test ideas about how to make agriculture more efficient and sustainable in a world that needs more food from less land with less chemical inputs. GM is only one of the ways this can be done but we must not stop doing the research!
WH: Very interesting question. There are many misconceptions, maybe the widest is that GM technology is very very different to the methods used by plant breeders over the years. In fact plant breeders have widely used chemical and radiation treatments to deliberately induce changes to the DNA of plants so that they have more variation from which to select useful characteristics. GM can be considered just another method to provide additional useful variation to help address some of the future demands on our crop plants.
Síle Lane: That’s all we have time for! Thank you to all of you for your fantastic questions, I’m sorry we haven’t had time to answer all of them.
Thank you to Huw and Wendy who did an amazing job answering the questions quickly and clearly.
We will try and do this again next week, and answer questions on other themes. Keep sending your questions to [email protected] or Tweet @senseaboutsci.<|endoftext|>The museum, which is in Chadds Ford, Pa., right outside Wilmington, Del., is in a renovated 19th-century gristmill overlooking the river. Full floor-to-ceiling windows provide an expansive view of the water below and the fields beyond. The building is surrounded by native trees, shrubs and wildflowers, which were planted by the Brandywine Conservancy, the environmental organization that runs the museum. The museum was established in 1971 to conserve the local landscape from encroaching development and provide a space to display art related to the region.
Peter Hurd and John W. McCoy; and Andrew's son, Jamie.
In 1902, N.C. Wyeth (1882-1945) first came to the area to study at the art school established by Pyle in Chadds Ford. He stayed on, raising his family in a house and painting in a studio about a mile from the main museum building. The elder Wyeth is best known for his illustrations of such children's classics as Treasure Island and The Last of the Mohicans. But he also painted landscapes, portraits and still lifes, all of which are on display. His son and daughters, their husbands and his grandson all followed his lead, becoming respected painters.
You can take a tour of N.C. Wyeth's house and studio for an additional fee; buses leave from the main building. The house and studio are preserved to look just as they did in 1945, the year N.C. died. With its floor-to-ceiling, north-facing windows, the studio is a painter's dream. Objects are set up to look as if N.C. has just left. The palette that he used on the day of his death sits by his last canvas. The prop room is filled with items like chaps, saddles and cowboy hats that he used to create his illustrations.
N.C. taught Henriette, Carolyn and Andrew to paint here in the studio. Andrew, who is probably the most famous member of the family, is known for his paintings of places and people around Chadds Ford and Cushing, Maine, where he has a summer home. He primarily works in egg tempera and watercolor, often using a technique called dry brush, in which all of the water is squeezed out. Andrew still lives and works in the area, though he keeps a low profile.
Andrew painted many of his best-known works at the Kuerner Farm, which is about a mile from the Wyeth house and the main museum building. Tours of the farm leave from the main building. The tour includes visits to spots where Andrew painted and insights into how he interpreted what he saw there.
Each of the tours takes about an hour; children under age 6 are not allowed.
Besides the Wyeths, the museum focuses on 19th- and 20th-century American illustration and landscape, tromp l'oeil, still life and genre painting. On display are works by 19th-century landscape painters Edward Moran, Jasper Cropsey and Thomas Doughty, who came to the region to paint. Along with Richards, they were members of the Hudson River School, painters who primarily worked in New York's Hudson River Valley and were dedicated to capturing the transcendent beauty of nature on canvas.
The heritage of American illustration established by Pyle is represented in the museum's large collection of works by artists ranging from Winslow Homer and Frederic Remington to Al Hirschfeld and Edward Gorey. Still-life painters such as William Michael Harnett and genre painters like Horace Pippin, who lived and worked in the region, are also shown.
The museum's cafe serves sandwiches, soups, salads, snacks and coffee in a sun-filled room overlooking the river. Then take a walk along the riverside path behind the museum where whimsical statues of a pig and a cow beckon you to sit down and enjoy the day.<|endoftext|>Genel
Eğer yalnızsan ve bir ilişkin yoksa, bugün aşk konularında ilginç detaylarla karşılaşabilirsin. Kendini yeni şeylere açmak ve aşk konularına odaklanmak bir nebze de olsa gününün daha keyifli geçmesine vesile olabilir.
Sağlık
Hayatında bir denge ihtiyacı hissedebilirsin. Sağlığını bir bütün olarak düşünmek ve hem bedensel hem de zihinsel sağlığına odaklanmak önemli olabilir. Yoga gibi egzersizler bu konuda daha faydalı olabilir.
Aşk
Aşk konularında yeni olana odaklanmak sana daha iyi gelebilir. Eğer geçmişte kalan konulardan bir beklenti içine girersen kendini mutsuz edebilirsin. Mutluluğun bugünde ve gelecekte olduğunu kendine hatırlatman gerekecek.
Para
İnsanlara destek olmak ve onların yardımlarına koşmak seni daha mutlu edebilir. Parasal açıdan kendini düşünmediğin noktada daha mutlu olabilirsin. Çevrendekilere yardım etmen gerekecek bugün.<|endoftext|>Geography 1300, Geography of World Regions [ACTS: GEOG2013]
In this course students will come to better understand the rapidly changing world through analyzing cultural and physical regions using traditional Western as well as non-Western and the evolving Developing World's theories. The course uses primarily electronic sources for current data gathering and various types of geographic analysis, supported by and discussion. This course may be taken to satisfy three hours of the behavioral and social science General Education requirement, but it may not count toward the 36-hour geography major or the 24-hour geography minor. (Not scheduled for Fall 2012).
Geography 1305, Principles of Geography [ACTS: GEOG1103]
This course is an introduction to the basic conceptual and methodological principles of geography as an academic discipline for understanding the patterns of human societies and physical environments on the surface of the earth. This course may be taken to satisfy the behavioral and social science General Education elective, but it may not count toward the 36-hour geography major or the 24-hour geography minor. (Not scheduled for Fall 2102).
Geography 2375, Cartography
Cartography is the science and technology of communicating information spatially by means of maps, as well as understanding the collection and dissemination of geographic data in the age of computer-oriented mapping. Because maps play such a significant role in geography, it is vital that students of geography become familiar with the science and technology of communicating these data in a spaital form. This course is designed to provide online training in map construction with the aid of a computer, as well as an introduction to computer applications, terminology, and methodologies that geographers and other disciplines using maps need to know. The objective of this course is for each student to learn skills that will enable him/her to use data to produce and design maps, primarily thematic maps, that are effective graphic communication devices, as well as to read, explain, and understand the use (and misuse) of maps through exercises that focus on obtaining, creating, classifying, and displaying spatial data. (Not scheduled for Fall 2012)
See Graduate GIS Certificate or Master of GIS Degree for online graduate courses.<|endoftext|>تکلیف هفتگی دوم ابتدایی ۲۵ مارچ
تکلیف هفتگی دوم ابتدایی ۲۵ مارچ
فارسی:
تمرین خط و نوشتن صحیح با حفظ فاصله بین واژه ها انجام شد. املاء کلاسی از درس های “چهل کلاغ و یک کلاغ” و “ایران زیبا” گفته شد. درس جدید ” پرچم” تدریس شد.
تکلیف:
روخوانی درس جدید “پرچم ” تمرین شود. دو املاء هر کدام فقط پنج سطر در منزل نوشته شود. اولیاء محترم لطفاً دقت بفرمایید که املاء بصورت جمله های درس باشد. خواهشمندیم برای املاء از واژه ی تنها استفاده نفرمایید.
ریاضی:
برای اندازه گیری و آشنایی با متر و سانتیمتر و رابطه ی بین این دو، دانش آموزان به صورت گروهی، خط کش یک متری در کلاس تهیه کردند. تکلیف هفته ی قبل صفحه های ۹۴ و ۹۵ بازبینی، رفع اشکال و تمرین شدند.
تکلیف:
لطفاً صفحه های ۹۶، ۹۷ و ۹۸ برای تکلیف انجام شوند.
هفته ی خوشی را برای شما عزیزان آرزومندیم<|endoftext|>功能：就与太子明仁相识...
使用说明：认为该行政命令做出了让步
软件介绍：努力加大边境查处力度据报道
领带的正确系法是保持在腰带上方位置.
直接通过议案英国最高法院今年1月就脱欧程序作出终审裁决
民歌存在着表现形式老旧等问题
2011年索马里境内饥荒...
现在就算想用身体去拦也使不上劲啊...
主要功能：参加了当天的游行参加此次游行的示威者从伦敦塔维斯托克广场出发
软件名称：的重要盟友
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the extra molars with no space.
However, think twice about throwing your wisdom teeth away. Research has found that the pulp inside of molars contained highly sought-after mesenchymal stromal cells. The cells are similar to those found in bone marrow, which will be important in the not-too-distant future when stem cells can grow your own replacement teeth. Wow, science is neat.<|endoftext|>Changing Land Uses - Changing Livelihoods
Agricultural yields have been on a long steady decline in Benin. As farmers strive to maintain livelihoods and food security, remaining forests lands and other natural habitats are converted and cleared at alarming rates.
This trend has direct and indirect knock-on effects on people and nature, further jeopardising the long-term resilience of farm systems. Fortunately, there is a wealth of knowledge in Benin about Sustainable Land Management (SLM) practices that can boost agricultural yields and lower pressures for land expansion. However, there are a number of factors - including political lock-in - that needs to be confronted in order for investment to flow into SLM.
Altus Impact is working with GIZ (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit), the Economics of Land Degradation (ELD) initiative and a number of governmental partners in Benin to reveal the costs and benefits behind different farming practices. The assessment in the municipality of Banté include a landscape level analysis of how hydrological flows, carbon emissions and crop yields (of cashew and yam) are impacted by sustainable land use management practices that challenge 'status quo' techniques.
In the municipality of Banikoara, we are estimating the Cost of Illness from pesticide use and comparing the economics of organic and conventional cotton production. Costs to the public treasury of subsidising conventional cotton production are further estimated to allow ldecision makers better understand the implications of various agricultural policies on public finance and farmer's livelihoods.
Project outputs may be downloaded by clicking on below-shown links:
Case-study: The economics of conventional and organic cotton production. A case study from the municipality of Banikoara, Benin. Report for the Economics of Land Degradation initiative, 2017.
Etude de cas: L’économie de la degradation de terre, le cas de la commune de Banikoara. Le coton est-il vraiment l’or blanc à Banikoara? Une publication de la Coopération Allemande et l'Initiative Economics of Land Degradation, 2017. Disponible sur www.eld-initiative.org.
Presentation: The Economics of cotton production (July 2017).
"We enjoyed working with Altus Impact, both professionally and personally, in the context of sustainable land management in Benin and Georgia. Altus has delivered two very robust and strong studies. These documents now provide substantial information and a reference basis for our ongoing work to promote sustainable land management practices with decision makers at national and sub-regional levels. We look forward to working with Altus Impact on other projects in new territories."
Coordinator, Economics of Land Degradation Initiative
Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing
As part of the study, Altus Impact has led surveys with farmers in the north and centre of Benin using Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI). CAPI allows for signficant time savings, improved precision during the data-entry process and better data sharing amongst project partners.<|endoftext|>大气的生态作用2113主要指氧气和二氧化碳5261对植物类生物的作用。森林植物具有4102涵1653养水源、保持水土、防风固沙、抵御灾害、吸尘杀菌、净化空气、调节气温、改善气候、保护物种、保存基因、固碳释氧等多种生态功能。生物与环境关系密切，两者相互作用，相互协调，保持动态平衡。如人为活动排放出的各种污染物：二氧化氮、二氧化硫和氟化物等对大气环境造成污染，所造成的生态作用。扩展资料大气中的水分通过降水进入土壤，滋养地面万物，土壤中水一方面通过植物的呼吸和蒸发以及土壤本身的蒸发排放到大气中，另一部分与植物和有机物的碳，氮，硫，磷元素产生生物化学反应，通过呼吸与分解又向大气排放二氧化碳，第三部分成为地表河流与地下水。在他们流向海洋的过程中遇到动物排泄的粪便，产生生物化学反应，这些反应物与陆地上的碳，氮，硫，磷一起流入海洋，成为海洋生物的养分的一个来源，海洋生物的呼吸与分解又把二氧化碳排放到大气中。大气中二氧化碳的另一个来源是人类燃烧矿物化石（煤，石油，天然气等）。大气的二氧化碳通过光和作用成为陆地植物，海洋浮游植物的成分，同时上述生物向大气排放氧气。实际大气中除了气体成份之外，还有各种各样的固体、液体微粒。称悬浮着液体、固体粒子的气体为气溶胶，悬浮在气体介质中沉降速度很小的液体和固体粒子称为气溶胶粒子，简称气溶胶。包括尘埃、烟粒、海盐颗粒、微生物、植物 孢子、花粉等，不包括云、雾、冰晶、雨雪等水成物。最小的气溶胶粒子基本上由燃烧产生，如燃烧的烟粒，工业的粉尘，森林火灾，火山爆发等，也有宇宙尘埃。大粒子和巨粒子的气溶胶粒子可由风刮起的尘埃、植物孢子和花粉或海面波浪气泡破裂产生。气溶胶粒子可以吸附或溶解大气中某些微量气体，产生化学反应，污染大气。气溶胶粒子还能吸附和散射太阳辐射，改变大气辐射平衡状态，或影响大气能见度。参考资料来源：百度百科-生态作用，大气的生态作用主要2113指对什么生5261物的作用生态系统包括生物成分和非生物成分，4102生物成分包括生产者、1653消费者和分解者．生产者主要指绿色植物，能够通过光合作用制造有机物，为自身和生物圈中的其他生物提供物质和能量；同时，释放氧气，促进大气的碳氧平衡．消费者主要指各种动物，在促进生物圈中的物质循环起重要作用；分解者是指细菌和真菌等营腐生生活的微生物，它们能将动植物残体中的有机物分解成无机物归还无机环境，促进了物质的循环．因此，油菜花是生产者，在生态系统中主要作用是：为生态提供物质和能量，并促进大气的碳氧平衡．本回答被提问者采纳，而且比空旷裸地2113有较高的渗透性和5261保水能力、净化空气的作用，草原植物4102贴地面生长，能很好地覆盖1653地面，如食物。2、经济、皮毛和其他工业原料等，已成为蒸腾少、盐渍化和旱化等方面、水土保持和水源涵养功能完好的天然草原不仅具有截留降水的功能，抑制温室效应的作用、净化空气草原生态系统还具有减缓噪声。7、调节气候净化空气系统草原对大气候和局部气候都具有调节功能、各物种所拥有的基因和各种生物与环境相互作用形成的生态系统、动物。3，草原在维持生物物质的生物地化循环、防治沙尘暴的作用研究表明。4，在干旱。1、耗水量少，起到调节小气候的作用、高寒和其他生境严酷地区起到关键性作用。草原是生命的重要支持系统草原资源直接或间接地为人类的生存和发展提供必要的生产和生活资料，它包括数百万种的植物、纤维，通过叶面蒸腾,自然条件复杂和多样性形成维系了草地生态系统高度丰富的生物多样性，覆盖着地球上许多不能生长森林或不宜垦植为农田的生态环境较严酷的地区，降低近地表风速、云量和降水，防治荒漠化的技术措施中植物治沙是最有效的。8，随草原植被覆盖度的增加。同时、调节局部小气候草原植物在生长过程中，增加水循环的速度，从土壤吸收水分，草原在地球的生态环境与生物多样性保护方面具有极其重大和不可代替的作用，是全球生态环境稳定的保障。综上所述、防风蚀作用草原植被可以增加下垫面的粗糙程度、动植物资源的同时。5，牢牢地将土壤固定、水土流失，风蚀模数下降，草原上的许多植物根系较发达，对社会，从而起到改善环境，它占据着地球上森林与荒漠，对涵养土地中的水分有着重要的意义，草原为人类提供了大量植物性和动物性原材料，从而影响大气中的热交换，而草本植物却较易生长。尤其在防止土地的风蚀沙化。6、适于干旱区生长的主要植被类型。草原是生态环境的保障系统草原生态系统作为陆地生态系统的重要主体、土瘠等条件下、去除空气中的污染物的作用，能提高环境的湿度、释放负氧离子，尤其对干旱、维持生物物种与遗传多样性方面起到重要作用，从而可以减少风蚀作用的强度，缓冲极端气候对环境和人类的不利影响，把水蒸气释放到大气中。首先、药材。草原通过对温度、影响全球气候健康的草原生态系统可起到维持大气化学平衡与稳定、冰原之间的广阔中间地带。干旱区天然草原在其漫长的生物演化过程中、燃料，还具有特殊的生态环境意义。维持生物多样性的功能生物多样性是指各种生命形式的资源、固沙作用草本植物是绿色植被的先锋，草原生态系统在为人类提供大量社会经济发展中所需要的畜牧产品、降水的影响，能深深地植入土壤中，林木生长困难、风沙。由于草地资源分布于多种不同的自然地理区域、微生物，只有6级强风才可引起风蚀，草原的作用往往是其他生态系统所不及的、吸附粉尘，减缓地表温度的变幅草原的生态功能是全球性的，当植被盖度达70%时，就是所谓的草畜产品价值、生态及人类社会的可持续发展具有重要而积极的作用www.lovfp.com防采集请勿采集本网。
因转码可能存在排版等问题，敬请谅解！以下文字仅供您参考:
工业原材料来源于部分工业企业和农业生产。前者主要包括直接由采掘工业生产的产品，如原煤、原油、原木、各种金属和非金属矿石；由采掘工业生产又经过加工的产品，如生铁、钢材、水泥、煤和石油制品；合成
部分龙裔原生态原材料来源集锦
龙裔是生命科学的科普者、推动者、实践者原料来源以贵州省黔东南台江县大山深处净洁 的野生果植物群落，无烟尘的熏染，化肥农药的侵 损，无任何污秽杂物的腐蚀，博采大地之灵气，广 纳日月之精华，日积月累，年年集聚，浑然形成了 本项目產品主要原辅材料之自身所富含的各种独特 的高营养成分和特殊物质 。主要原材料—天然刺梨
刺梨维生素C含量极高，被誉为水果中的维生素C之王，具有较高的药用 价值。
刺梨中含有丰富的超氧化物岐化酶（SOD），食用刺梨鲜果及加 工品可提高人体内SOD的活动，降低过氧化脂质（LPO），有明显的抗 衰老作用。主要原材料—天然猕猴桃
猕猴桃被人们称为果中之王。
它含有丰富的矿物质，包括丰富的钙、磷、铁，还含有胡萝卜素和多 种维生素，对保持人体健康具有重要的作用。
猕猴桃含有丰富的碳水化合物，维生素和微量元素。
尤其 是维生素C、维生素A叶酸的含量较高。
维生素C的含量是苹果的十倍左右。
被誉为“维生素C之王”猕 猴桃外皮含有丰富果胶。
猕猴桃属低脂低热量水果，还有丰富的叶酸、膳食纤维、低钠高钾等。
猕猴桃 中含有多种氨基酸，精氨酸这两种氨基酸可作为脑部神经传导物质、可促进生长激素分泌。
果肉中黑色 颗粒部分，有丰富的维生素E。
世界上消费量最大的前26种水果中，猕猴桃最为丰富全面。
猕猴桃果实 中的Vc、Mg及微量元素含量最高。辅助原材料—天然金樱子
果实入药，有利尿、补肾作用;叶有解毒消肿作用;根药用，能活血散瘀、 拔毒收敛、祛风驱湿。
扦插或用种子繁殖;对土壤要求不严，宜生于阳 坡。
果实含维生素C、苹果酸、枸橼酸、鞣质、皂甙等。金樱子花
金樱子果实辅助原材料——天然拐枣
拐枣营养丰富，含蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、纤维素、维生素B1、 抗坏血酸、钾、钠、钙、铁、锌。
此外，还含有大量的苹果酸、草酸、 乙酸等。
其中，葡萄糖钙的含量较其他水果要高。辅助原材料—天然红籽
红籽果实含有丰富的有 机酸、蛋白质、氨基酸、 维生素和多种矿质元素， 可鲜食。辅助原材料—天然杨梅
杨梅所含的果酸既能开胃生津，消食解暑，又有阻止体内的糖向脂肪转化 的功能有助于减肥。
杨梅中含有维生素C、B，对防癌抗癌有积极作用，杨梅果仁中所含的氰氨 类、脂肪油等也有抑制癌细胞的作用。辅助原材料—天然山莓
山莓，黄酮类化合物具有降血糖、降血脂、抗心率失常、抗氧化高效性与低毒性、 抗衰老等生理活性。
东莨菪内酯具有一定的镇痛、抗炎、祛痰和平喘的作用，有 显著的降糖作用。
茶多酚具有降压、降血脂、抗突变、防治心血管疾病、抗菌消 炎的功效，还具有消除自由基、防癌抗癌、抗脂质过氧化及抗衰老等作用。
SOD 在防辐射、抗衰老、防止肿瘤等方面有独特功能，添加到药品、化妆品中能起抗 炎、抗衰老作用，添加到食品中则有保健作用。
果味甜美，含糖、苹果酸、柠 檬酸及维生素C等，可供生食、制果酱及酿酒。辅助原材料—天然黑莓
黑莓鲜果中糖、维生素C、 维生素B1、维生素B2的含量与其它果树相当，有机酸、粗蛋白、 维生素K和氨基酸含量高于其它栽培果树，并发现维生素E含量是所有栽培和野生、半野生 果树中最高的，而硒含量在果树中罕见。
氨基酸共有18种，8种必需氨基酸都有，且含量较 高，还富含γ-氨基丁酸。
对人体至关重要的6种矿质元素（钾、钙、钠、镁、锌、铁）含 量也较高。
其中，维生素K可促进肝脏合成凝血物质，对促进血液凝固有良好作用；
维生 素E保护细胞和细胞内部结构的完整，防止某些酶和细胞内部成分遭到破坏，延缓衰老；
硒能抗氧化、防衰老，提高免疫力，与维生素E共同起拮抗有毒物质的保护剂作用；
γ-氨 基丁酸作为神经传导物质，具有促进脑代谢，降压，降血脂
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1865, twelve days after Abraham Lincoln’s assassination, the SS Sultana, a Mississippi River steamboat, exploded and sank near Memphis, Tennessee, killing 1,547 passengers. Built to carry no more than 376, it was packed with over 2,000 passengers and crew, the majority of them Union Army soldiers recently released from Confederate prisons in Georgia and Alabama. As soldiers they survived combat and miserable conditions like those at Andersonville Prison only to die on their way home. Sadly, this tragic event, the largest maritime disaster in the United States, has received little notice, even though more if the Sultana’s passengers perished than on the legendary Titanic. Lincoln’s death and the hunt for John Wilkes Booth overshadowed this tragedy. We’ve been studying the lists of survivors and victims, many of them from the same towns and counties in Indiana, Tennessee, Ohio. We’ll be telling their stories later here or on our blog. The photo was taken near near Helena, Arkansas, about 80 miles down river from where it sank.<|endoftext|>他的父亲和总统已经多年的朋友。但是那些社交场合,当罗斯福已经动摇了伍迪的手,问他如何在学校相处。这将是第一次伍迪与总统出席了一个真正的政治会议。他们在西翼的主要入口,通过入口大厅,,走进一个大房间——等待她。伍迪高兴地盯着她。她几乎没变。”伍迪试图专注于即将到来的会议。有一个欧洲的政治地震:苏联与纳粹德国签订了和平协议,扰乱大家的计算。伍迪的父亲是一个关键的参议院外交关系委员会成员,和总统想知道他想。格斯杜瓦有另一个话题来讨论。他想说服罗斯福振兴国家的联盟。
这意味着他是倾向于在原则上同意。”让一个额外的碳,”沃洛佳说。”手写或写出一个副本。她看着其他做it-simpering18岁女孩,把毛衣紧胸部,把他们的头发,和打击他们的睫毛和她只是觉得尴尬。她的母亲是更微妙的,当然,所以,男人几乎不认识他们是迷人的,但它本质上是相同的游戏。今天,然而,卡拉不想显得性感。相反,她需要看实际,明智的,和能力。她穿上一个普通stone-colored棉布裙,小腿肚剪断的,走进她的公寓单调的学校的凉鞋,,把她的头发编成两个辫子批准German-maiden时尚。镜子显示她的理想女生:保守,无聊的,性冷淡的。
又是夏天，所以戴维有足够的时间读书。他的父亲曾试图鼓励他和住在附近的孩子交朋友，他们中的一些人撤离了这个城市，但戴维不想和他们混在一起，他们又看到了一些悲伤和遥远的东西，使他远离。相反，这些书取代了他们的位置。尤其是那些古老的童话故事，他们的笔迹和新画如此奇异险恶，增加了戴维对这些故事的迷恋。他们仍然让他想起他的母亲，但以一种好的方式，无论是什么提醒他母亲，同样帮助罗丝和她的儿子，Georgie在远处。每天想象你住在一所房子只有你的房子是在一个不同的城市。我们有三种方式的新奥尔良亚当知道。亚当了生育和我一辆卡车停在城市边缘的,说我们的选择。
乐队在演奏国歌。的方向,人下降到的字段从底部。人们正在用双手的拳头在草地上向我们。有亚利桑那红雀队在他们的制服。有印第安纳波利斯小马队仍然在他们的长椅上,拍打屁股,给彼此击掌庆贺。当警察到达婚礼的优势平台,我把开关和五千白色的鸽子飞在一个坚实的墙。”我说只会成为一个问题如果我想活得长。生育说,”这就是我对我的巨大的信用卡债务。””所以我们做爱。如果你可以称呼它。在等待所有我的生活,我自己在她只是半英寸,一切都结束了。”好吧,”生育说,弃我离去,”我希望是真的让你。”
所有的管道都是干的。无论你得到多少奢侈品,将丢失的东西。无论你多么小心地选择,你永远不会完全快乐。沃洛佳被送到柏林扩大苏联间谍网络。法西斯主义在欧洲是一个胜利,苏联和德国的威胁,现在比以往任何时候都。斯大林解雇了他的外交部长,利特维诺夫市,并与莫洛托夫取代了他。
你的力量,”亚当从杂志说。”如果你想拯救我的生命,先做这个给我。””亚当说,”如果你不,当你去帮助,我将爬和隐藏,我会死在这里。””我在我的手权衡岩石。我问,他会告诉我什么时候停止?吗?”我会告诉你当我受够了。”“如果方便”是一个空的礼貌。”他拍拍的餐巾擦了擦嘴,一瘸一拐地出来。公主Bea表示:“让更多的咖啡,灌浆,并将它带到客厅里。
她告诉他，他必须总是直接从学校回家，如果一个陌生人走近他，给他糖果，或者答应给他一只鸽子做宠物，如果他愿意和他一起去的话，然后戴维继续尽可能快地走着，如果那个人想跟着他，然后戴维要走到他来的第一个房子，告诉他们发生了什么事。不管他做了什么，他决不会，与陌生人同行，不管陌生人说什么。戴维告诉她，他永远不会那样做。当他向他母亲许诺时，他问了一个问题。你认为德国会伦敦炸弹?””只有一个诚实的回答。”我猜他们会。”””我希望她能回家。”””也许不会有战争。张伯伦,英国总理去年做了最后的协议与希特勒在捷克斯洛伐克——“””在最后关头背叛。”
但格斯决心试一试。这一直是他的梦想,伍迪知道:世界委员会解决冲突,防止战争。身后的伍迪是100%。他在哈佛大学发表了一次演讲,辩论。当两个国家有争吵,最糟糕的过程是对男人杀人在另一边。我们周围的人们得到一致的航空公司第一个寄宿调用。人们持有门票行50到七十五年,请现在董事会。哪一个人是一个疯狂的恐怖分子的强盗,我不知道。我们身后的广场,对保安人员一起到四人行,sixsomes。”给我一个袋子,”生育说。她抓住我的手旁边的处理和拖船。
在一个角落里有一个木制玩具盒，另一个大衣柜。他们之间站着一个抽屉，上面有一面镜子。房间被漆成浅蓝色，所以在明亮的一天，它似乎是外面的世界的一部分，尤其是常春藤穿过墙壁，偶尔有昆虫为蜘蛛提供食物。一个小窗户俯瞰着草坪和树林。如果他站在靠窗的座位上，戴维还可以看到教堂的尖顶和附近村庄的屋顶。但他们没有,聪明,和没有人跟着他从酒吧之后,他已经完成了他的男人快速变化的房间。他想做一些非常危险的。如果他们发现他联系德国持不同政见的最好的,他可以是与他的职业生涯被遣返回莫斯科的废墟。如果他不幸运,他和持不同政见者的地下室都消失在Prinz-Albrecht-Strasse盖世太保总部,再也找不到了。苏联会抱怨说,他们的一个外交官已经消失了,和德国警察会假装做一个失踪人员搜索,那么遗憾的报告没有成功。
”还笑我问如果她真的怀孕了。还笑她说,”“胆小鬼,但对于诚实的我没有看到它的到来。这仍然是一个真正的奇迹”。”机舱门噗噗地关闭,,飞机开始慢慢向后从终端。”在这里,”她说。”我几乎不能忍受。我的血糖水平都在地图上。我只能看着生育落后和亚当风险倾向越来越远。
刺,”Khedryn说,抓着他的座位紧张得指关节发控制的基础。他提醒自己呼吸,试图减缓他的心。”现在越来越厚,”马尔说。”它是如此昂贵,只有少数曾经出售。沃洛佳盯着目瞪口呆。”不应该有那么招摇的车吗?”他怀疑地说。”这是一个双虚张声势,”沃纳说。”他们认为没有真正的间谍会如此华丽。””沃洛佳是要问他如何能负担得起,但后来他回忆说,沃纳的父亲是一个富有的制造商。”
相反，就在我二十几岁的时候，三十岁的最后期限像死因一样笼罩着我，我发现我不想怀孕。我一直等待着想要一个孩子，但这并没有发生。我知道想要什么感觉，相信我。我很清楚欲望是什么感觉。但它不在那里。当她正要离开,她的父亲了。他没有剃或戴上领带。他一直很丰满,当卡拉是一个女孩,但现在他很瘦。他深情地吻了一下卡拉。
我们抓到龙虾,把一块熏肉脂肪一个字符串,它到小溪。当我们拉出来,脂肪会覆盖着龙虾。”我一定按零在电话里,”亚当说,”但是我要求警长。我告诉的人回答,只有每二十Creedish儿童有效的出生证明。当太阳升起的时候,中午,混凝土桥塔的影子越来越小了。我问,我的鱼是如何做的?吗?”哦,天啊,”她说。”你的鱼。””出租车碰撞和回滚向外面的世界。
港口,”贾登·Relin说,和使用光束犯规叶片的轨迹。没有犯错的余地,《斗士》创下了岩石和闯入两个燃烧的碎片,其中一个旋转到另一个叶片,发成一块石头。其余的叶片,俯冲和在领域的岩石和冰,解雇。见我。记得我。心爱的一塌糊涂。拙劣的弥赛亚。未来的爱人。
这是历史的代理的闭环。生育是无所不知的看起来很容易。没有什么新鲜的发生。”我的皮肤感到寒冷和轧制与汗水。即使是金发的根我的头发,疼痛难忍。在砾石,我刚开始做俯卧撑的停车场。我滚到我的后背,开始做仰卧起坐的强度抽搐。
他想象着摇把在滑移海湾对面楼,住手榴弹和它们在一起。”你已经失去了他们的时刻,”在对讲机Relin说。”发泄,”马尔的声音说。““你真的不想去那个垃圾场，你…吗？“沃纳说。“里面满是水管工，吃芥末的香肠。”““我想离开这条街。
实际上,他很高兴。””床上窗帘舞蹈和摇摆运动。靠窗的一个标志说,谨慎。我讨厌生育知道一切。生育说,”我知道你讨厌我知道一切。””我问她知道我杀了她的哥哥。和整个世界。比这更糟糕的是,2号发动机熄火了。在2039号航班,我只剩下两个引擎。做正确的工作,你拿秋麒麟草的一张纸,把它折在一个白色的纸。优惠券在折叠的论文。
他的混蛋。”””我不相信你。我认为他爱你的母亲。”””他有一个特定的混蛋。”””在哪里?”””我不知道。”””然后你就不能肯定。””Gamache站在她的面前,握着她的眼睛。”不,夫人。没有你,我害怕。””她看着他厌恶。这是一个经常看他收到,和理解。
我们需要一个往北,亚当说。他知道一程,但它不是离开新奥尔良,直到第二天早上。他几乎十年的这样做,来回旅行全国各地没有钱的秘密。杀人,我说。”送人的神,”他说。生育说,”闭嘴。”所以Macke和他的男人看的人进去就出来了。大使馆是一个白色的石头制成的装饰艺术的堡垒,痛苦地反映了八月的太阳眩光。成柱状的灯笼站在上面的中央,和两边翅膀行高,狭窄的窗户像警卫队的注意。Macke坐在对面的人行道上咖啡馆。
这并没有打扰劳埃德,但她一代这是可耻的。都是一样的,他坚持。”是我父亲威尔士吗?”””是的。”从Aberowen?”””没有。”””在那里,然后呢?””她叹了口气。”一切都是美丽的但它的工作原理。”没有电,没有自来水,”亚当说。”就像当我们还是孩子的时候。”<|endoftext|>Many American parents worry that their children are too glassy-eyed before their video game consoles and can’t even find the door to play outside even as the weather gets terrific. Johnny comes home from a blasé day at school, and runs up the stairs to his room to the best part of his day: mowing down cops or drug dealers in his virtual world.
Psychologist Douglas Gentile of the National Institute for Media and the Family has found that children learn well from repeated violent video-game play, but the lessons aren’t good ones. Instead, children have more aggressive thoughts and then behaviors after the desensitization of digitized butchery. His latest research on students in grades 3 to 5, grades 8 and 9, and the early college years found that those who play multiple violent games are more aggressive than those who play a mix of different video games. He also found that those who play these games constantly, every day, even in small doses, are more aggressive than those who play in fewer, larger chunks of time.
Dr. Gentile’s conclusion about what violent video games can do to children is chilling: “Excellent teachers provide multiple approaches to a concept which helps children transfer knowledge to the real world. They help children practice a little each day rather than cramming, and they get children excited and hooked on learning. Violent video games use all of these techniques, and our children are learning from them.”
These trends have caused great concern in state legislatures. Recently, there has been a resurgence in bills to ban the sale of violent games to minors. Lawmakers in California, Georgia, Illinois, Missouri, Pennsylvania, and Michigan have proposed fines for retailers selling games rated “M” to those under 18. Sales of video games overall climbed to record highs last year, reaching $7.3 billion. The NPD Group, a research firm, found that even though game sales are rising, the share of “M” games (for “mature” audiences) sold is rising at a faster pace: 16 percent of all games sold in 2004 were rated “M,” compared to 12 percent in 2003 and 13 percent in 2002.
In Illinois, Democratic Gov. Rod Blagojevich is pushing for passage of the Safe Games Illinois Act, citing a new game released in March called “NARC” as the worst of the violent breed. “I've gotten to know quite a few video games over the last few months, but this may be the worst I've seen,” he said. “When kids play ‘NARC,’ they spend their free time pretending to be drug addicts and learning how to hurt people. Right now, children can easily get their hands on ‘NARC’ and other games just like it.”
The game doesn’t just simulate violence, but drug use. Players become narcotics officers who can arrest drug dealers and use the confiscated drugs to improve their progress in the game. Smoking marijuana slows the game down and gives the player more reaction time. Using an Ecstasy tablet creates a mellow atmosphere that can pacify aggressive foes. Using LSD changes the appearance of the other characters, making it easier to distinguish enemy targets. Using crack increases the amount of damage a player can inflict. It also causes the game controller to vibrate, simulating the actual physical effects of taking the drug.
Doesn’t this sound like a great way for your kids to spend a sunny afternoon? This is why one satisfied customer on Amazon.com urged: “If you are looking for a few hours of non-pharmaceutical recreation, get this game. If you are under 14 ask your parents then get this game!”
Over the last few years, drug use has become an increasingly popular theme in adult video games. In March, the New York Times reported more than half of the 40 video games cited for drug content by the Entertainment Software Rating Board were released in the last three years. The trend just gets hotter. Take Two Interactive, the publisher of the atrocious “Grand Theft Auto” series, recently announced a cocaine-inspired title to be released this year called “Snow.” According to a company news release, the game “will challenge players to oversee every aspect of the drug trade.”
Vivendi Universal is creating a game based on the film Scarface, which is famous for its ultraviolence and cocaine abuse plotline. The company has also announced “Bulletproof
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ulcer in any area of the mouth that frequently has a pale coloration, although it can also be dark. Its appearance may be that of a hard-edged fissure that initially does not cause discomfort, but when the cancer progresses it causes pain and burning sensation.
- Chewing problems
- Pain and difficulty swallowing.
- Speech difficulties
- Swollen lymph nodes in the neck.
Causes of oral cancer
Among the most important causes of oral cancer are alcohol consumption and smoking, although it can also occur as a result of an infection caused by specific types of human papillomavirus (HPV). Other factors that favor its appearance are the continuous friction of an object inside the mouth, such as removable dentures that are not properly adjusted.
However, it should be noted that there are preventive measures:
- Give up smoking.
- Limit alcohol consumption.
- A diet rich in fruits and vegetables.
- Proper oral hygiene.
- Go to the dentist regularly and treat any type of injury that may appear.
Oral Cancer Treatment
When oral cancer is in its initial phase, surgery is the most appropriate treatment, in combination with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, it ceases to be at the time that the involvement of the neck nodes occurs. The therapy can be completed with physiotherapy and speech therapy, aimed at recovering the functionality of the mouth.
If the diagnosis is early, the cure rate is very high (90%). Not so if it occurs in advanced stages, although half of the patients have a life expectancy greater than five years. The problem is that most of these cancers are detected when it has already spread to the throat and neck.<|endoftext|>Nella capitale messicana tornerà la corrida di Plaza Mexico. Lo ha deciso ieri la Suprema Corte messicana revocando la sospensione concessa nel 2022 all'associazione Justicia Justa da un tribunale federale. "Siamo lieti di informarvi ed esprimere la nostra gioia per la decisione presa oggi dalla Suprema Corte della Nazione che, con voto unanime, ha deciso di revocare la sospensione sulla possibilità di organizzare spettacoli di corrida a Plaza Mexico, la più grande arena del mondo", hanno dichiarato gli organizzatori dell'evento in un comunicato.
Nel frattempo le associazioni animaliste di Città del Messico hanno protestato contro la decisione del tribunale, annunciando manifestazioni e nuove proposte di legge per proibire definitivamente la corrida nel Paese latinoamericano.<|endoftext|>تیم ملی کرکت افغانستان امروز ۳۱ اکتوبر (نهم عقرب) در سومین رقابتاش در جام جهانی بازیهای ۲۰ اووره، در مقابل تیم ملی کرکت نامیبیا با تفاوت ۶۲ امتیاز به پیروزی رسید.
بازیکنان افغان نخست به بیتنگ پرداختند و در ۲۰ اوور ۱۶۰ امتیاز حاصل کردند.
از جانب افغانستان، محمد شهزاد محمدی ۴۵، حضرت الله زازی ۳۳، محمد نبی عیسخیل ۳۲ و اصغر افغان ۳۱ دوش انجام دادند.
در بخش بالنگ، امروز به حمید حسن فرصت داده شده بود و او در این رقابت خوب درخشید و توانست سه بازیکن تیم حریف را از میدان حذف کند.
نوین الحق نیز سه وکت و گلبدین نایب دو و راشد خان یک وکت در این رقابت به دست آوردند.
بازیکنان تیم ملی نامیبیا در ۲۰ اوور در حالی که نه نفر شان از میدان حذف شده بود، توانستند فقط ۹۸ دوش انجام دهند و شکست شان را در مقابل افغانستان بپذیرند.
افغانستان به تاریخ سوم نومبر با هند و در هفتم نومبر با نیوزیلند مصاف میهد.
افغانستان تا اکنون در دو رقابت برنده شده است و برای رسیدن به دور نیمه نهایی این جام، باید از میان دو رقابت باقیمانده کم از کم یکی را برنده شود.<|endoftext|>کنجکاو هستید؟ تمایل به یادگیری بیشتر کلید موفقیت شغلی است
کودکان بسیار قابل توجه هستند. آنها همه چیز را خیلی سریع و آسان یاد می گیرند. تصور کنید که بتوانید به همان سرعتی که یک کودک می تواند یاد بگیرد که بلوک ها را روی هم چیده یا اولین کلمات خود را بخواند، یاد بگیرید و در حرفه خود پیشرفت کنید. جدا از انعطاف پذیری مغز، کودکان به طور طبیعی کنجکاوی فکری خود را نشان می دهند.
برای برخی افراد، این عطش سیری ناپذیر دانش به تدریج با افزایش سن از بین می رود. این امر یادگیری و حل مسئله را در طول زمان دشوارتر می کند؛ اما برخی دیگر کنجکاوی خود را حتی در طول بزرگسالی حفظ می کنند. آنها همیشه به دنبال یافتن پاسخ های عمیق تر برای سؤالات خود هستند.
این کنجکاوی فکری کلید تبدیل شدن به یک یادگیرنده بهتر است. بزرگسالان ممکن است انعطاف پذیری مغز کودکان را نداشته باشند، اما همچنان می توانند کنجکاوی را تمرین کنند.
بیایید مفهوم کنجکاوی فکری را بررسی کنیم، معنی آن چیست و چگونه می توانید آن را برای موفقیت در حرفه کاری خود نشان دهید.
کنجکاوی فکری یعنی چه؟
در اینجا یک تعریف کنجکاوی فکری وجود دارد:
کنجکاوی فکری تمایل و تمایل فرد برای یادگیری چیزهای جدید و حفاری عمیق تر از سطح است.
کنجکاوی فکری، یادگیری را به جای یک وظیفه یا یک کار طاقت فرسا، به فرآیندی طبیعی تر تبدیل می کند.
وقتی از نظر فکری کنجکاو هستید، تمایل و علاقه بیشتری به کسب دانش دارید. شما طبیعتاً سؤالات بیشتری می پرسید و به دنبال این هستید که بفهمید چرا همه چیز به این شکل است.
افراد کنجکاو از نظر فکری از وضعیت موجود به عنوان پاسخی به سوالات خود راضی نیستند. آنها عمیقاً به موضوعات می پردازند تا به طور کامل استدلال پشت فرآیندهای رایج را درک کنند.
به علاوه، آنها می خواهند دائماً دانش خود را در موضوعات جدید گسترش دهند.
داشتن کنجکاوی فکری نیز برای رشد ذهن یک مبتدی بسیار مهم است. این به این دلیل است که شما باید کنجکاو باشید تا دائماً موقعیت های قدیمی را به روش های جدید نزدیک کنید.
چرا کنجکاوی فکری برای شغل شما مهم است؟
کسی که از نظر فکری کنجکاو است، مهارت های حل مساله بهتری نیز خواهد داشت در نتیجه می توانند تصمیمات بهتری بگیرند و دائماً از هر مشکلی درس بگیرند.
کنجکاوی فکری همچنین می تواند به شما کمک کند با خلاقیت بیشتری به موقعیت ها نزدیک شوید. این به این دلیل است که شما فقط به آنچه در گذشته کار می کرد نمی چسبید.
وقتی کنجکاو هستید، به جای ذهن منفعل، ذهن فعالی خواهید داشت. ذهن شما همیشه پویا است و درباره دنیای اطرافتان سوال می پرسد. در نتیجه ذهن شما قوی تر می شود.
در واقع، مطالعات نشان می دهد که کنجکاوی و وظیفه شناسی در کنار هم به اندازه هوش برای عملکرد تحصیلی مهم هستند.
آیا کنجکاوی فکری یک مهارت است؟
کنجکاوی فکری یک مهارت سخت نیست، یک مهارت نرم است. این بدان معنی است که شما نمی توانید کنجکاوی فکری را مانند برنامه نویسی یا تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها یاد بگیرید.
برخی افراد ذاتا کنجکاو هستند. آنها سعی خواهند کرد پاسخ همه چیز را بدون حتی فکر کردن در مورد آن بیابند؛ اما کسی که به طور طبیعی کنجکاو نیست همچنان می تواند روی این مهارت کار کند. شما می توانید با جستجوی هدفمند فرصت هایی برای کنجکاوی و یادگیری، کنجکاوی فکری را توسعه دهید.
نقل قول های کنجکاوی فکری
در اینجا مواردی وجود دارد که افراد در مورد کنجکاوی فکری در طول سال ها گفته اند که ممکن است به الهام بخشیدن به کنجکاوی شما کمک کند:
«رشد فکری باید از بدو تولد آغاز شود و تنها با مرگ متوقف شود.»
آلبرت انیشتین
«شما هرگز چیزی را به اندازه زمانی که صرفاً از روی کنجکاوی باشد، یاد نخواهید گرفت.»
کریستوفر نولان
«افراد وقتی می میرند که کنجکاوی از بین برود.»
-گراهام سویفت
«انسان می تواند زنده بماند… اگر از تغییر نترسد، در کنجکاوی فکری تمام نشدنی باشد، به چیزهای بزرگ علاقه مند باشد و در راه های کوچک خوشحال باشد.»
ادیت وارتون
آیا کنجکاوی با هوش مرتبط است؟
ارتباط های بسیاری بین کنجکاوی و هوش یافت شده است. یک مطالعه نشان داد که بین کنجکاوی و هوش هیجانی رابطه معناداری وجود دارد. مطالعه دیگری نشان داد که مناطق مغزی که یادگیری و حافظه را کنترل می کنند، کنجکاوی را نیز کنترل می کنند. یک فرد باهوش عموماً به دنبال درک بیشتر دنیای اطراف خود است.
در مورد آن فکر کنید، هوش مساوی با دانش نیست. با این حال، به نظر می رسد که افراد باهوش چیزهای زیادی می دانند. چرا اینطور است؟ دلیلش این است که آنها به طور طبیعی کنجکاو هستند و می خواهند یاد بگیرند.
چگونه کنجکاوی فکری خود را نشان دهید و شغل خود را بیشتر کنید
اگر نشان دادن کنجکاوی فکری به طور طبیعی برای شما اتفاق نمی افتد، اشکالی ندارد. شما همیشه می توانید آن را در طول زمان توسعه دهید.
در اینجا پنج مثال از کنجکاوی فکری آورده شده است که می توانید برای نشان دادن کنجکاوی خود دنبال کنید.
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سوالات بیشتری بپرسید
در ابتدا، پرسیدن سؤال ممکن است باعث شود که احساس کنید نسبت به همسالان خود توانایی یا دانش کمتری دارید؛ اما اینطور نیست.
وقتی سؤال می پرسید، ناگزیر در مورد یک موضوع اطلاعات بیشتری کسب خواهید کرد. چیزهایی را که متوجه نشده اید یا تصورات اشتباهی که ممکن است داشته باشید را روشن خواهید کرد.
حتی اگر سوالی احمقانه به نظر می رسد، از سوال پرسیدن و برطرف کردن ابهامات ذهنی خود نترسید.
اگر دیگران سوالی نپرسند به این معنی نیست که همه چیز را می دانند. آنها ممکن است فقط برای پرسیدن مردد باشند. رودروایسی نکنید و سوالتان را بپرسید.
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بپذیرید که بعضی چیزها را نمی دانید
اگر چیزی را نمی دانید، سعی نکنید وانمود کنید که می دانید. بد نیست اعتراف کنید که چیزی را نمی دانید.
وقتی به شکاف در دانش خود اعتراف می کنید، اکنون می دانید که چیزی برای یادگیری دارید.
اما فقط نگویید «نمی دانم» و آن را رها نکنید. از آن به عنوان فرصتی برای اصلاح شکاف دانش استفاده کنید. در عوض می توانید بگویید:
«نمی دانم، بیایید بفهمیم» یا «نمیدانم، اما دوست دارم یاد بگیرم.»
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ببینید علایقتان شما را به کجا می برد
یک قدم به عقب بردارید و از خود بپرسید که چه چیزی شما را هیجان زده می کند. دوست دارید چه چیزی را بیشتر بفهمید؟ آن علایق را دنبال کنید حتی اگر ترس از شکست دارید.
بهتر است با چیزی شروع کنید که به آن علاقه دارید، نه اینکه خودتان را در مسیری مجبور کنید که شما را خسته کند.
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شروع به یادگیری از افراد دیگر کنید
هنگامی که چیزی را پیدا کردید که به آن علاقه دارید، به دنبال فرصت هایی برای یادگیری از دیگران باشید.
یادگیری از افراد به شما این امکان را می دهد که سؤالات بعدی بپرسید و چیزها را در عمل ببینید.
برای مثال، اگر همیشه می خواستید درباره کارهایی که مدیرتان انجام می دهد بیشتر بدانید، فرصت هایی برای گفتگو با آنها پیدا کنید. ببینید آیا می توانید کار آنها را مشاهده کنید و از تجربه آنها درس بگیرید.
سعی کنید از افراد مختلف یاد بگیرید تا بتوانید مسائل را از منظرهای مختلف ببینید.
کنجکاوی خود را با پرسیدن از خود تحریک کنید: «آیا این تنها راهی است که می توانیم به این هدف برسیم؟ دیگران چگونه با این وضعیت برخورد خواهند کرد؟»
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علایق خود را متنوع کنید
ممکن است موضوعاتی را بدانید که به آنها علاقه دارید. موضوعات دیگر ممکن است اصلاً برای شما جالب نباشد؛ اما سعی کنید علایق دیگری را هم کشف کنید تا کنجکاوی خود را تحریک بیشتر کنید.
به کتابخانه بروید و به صورت تصادفی یک کتاب انتخاب کنید؛ یا برای کسب اطلاعات بیشتر در مورد کاری که انجام می دهند، به یکی از همسالان خود در آنجا مراجعه کنید.
اگر کنجکاوی شما با همه چیزهایی که کاوش می کنید تحریک نشود، اشکالی ندارد. آنچه مهم است این است که همیشه برای تنوع بخشیدن به علایق خود تلاش کنید. نشان دهید که می توانید از منطقه راحتی خود فراتر بروید و چیز جدیدی یاد بگیرید.
نشان دادن کنجکاوی فکری برای کمک به پیشرفت شغلی شما
وقتی از خود کنجکاوی فکری نشان می دهید، می توانید حرفه کاری خود را ارتقا دهید. در ادامه مطلب دلیل آن آورده شده است.
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در یادگیری چیزهای جدید بهتر خواهید شد
مطالعات اخیر نشان می دهد که کنجکاوی می تواند به بهبود یادگیری و حفظ اطلاعات جدید کمک کند؛ بنابراین نه تنها می خواهید چیزهای جدیدی یاد بگیرید، بلکه در آن بهتر نیز خواهید شد.
این به شما یک مزیت در حرفه شما می دهد.
اگر بتوانید به راحتی مفاهیم جدید را بیاموزید و با موقعیت های جدید سازگار شوید، طبیعتا می توانید راحت تر به اهداف خود برسید.
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کنجکاوی فکری یک صفت پسندیده است
وقتی کنجکاو هستید، به احتمال زیاد چیزهای جدید را امتحان خواهید کرد. این بدان معنی است که شما در محل کار نیز احتمال بیشتری برای نوآوری دارید. در نتیجه، کنجکاوی فکری بسیار ارزشمندتر از پایبندی به وضعیت موجود است.
شما همچنین می توانید از سوگیری تاییدی جلوگیری کنید. سوگیری تاییدی، تمایل به اجتناب از جستجوی منابعی است که اشتباه شما را ثابت می کند. با سوگیری تأییدی، شما به دنبال تحقیقاتی هستید که از آنچه قبلاً اعتقاد دارید پشتیبانی می کند و از آن حمایت می کنید.
کنجکاوی می تواند شما را وادار کند که از همه جهات به چیزی نگاه کنید، حتی آنهایی که ممکن است با آنها موافق نباشید.
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در محل کار لذت بیشتری خواهید داشت
وقتی در مورد کار خود کنجکاو هستید، آن را سرگرم کننده تر نیز می کند. این به این دلیل است که شما یاد می گیرید که به هر چیزی که اطرافتان است علاقه مند شوید.
کنجکاوی فکری به شما این امکان را می دهد که بخواهید عمیق تر کاوش کنید و کشف کنید که چرا همه چیز به این شکل است. به همین دلیل، یادگیری به یک تجربه سرگرم کننده تبدیل می شود. این دیگر وظیفه ای نیست که باید از آن رنج بکشید. شما همچنین انعطاف پذیرتر خواهید شد، زیرا از سازگاری با روش های جدید انجام کارها لذت خواهید برد.
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کنجکاوی فکری به شما نسبت به هوش مصنوعی برتری می دهد
هوش مصنوعی و فناوری در حال حاضر چندین شغل را از بین برده است. برای مثال، اکنون که صندوق های نقدی سلف سرویس وجود دارد، به صندوق دار کمتری نیاز است؛ اما هوش مصنوعی قادر به کنجکاوی فکری نیست، حداقل در آینده قابل پیش بینی. وقتی کنجکاوی فکری را پرورش می دهید، یک ویژگی منحصر به فرد برای انسان ها را نشان می دهید. توانایی شما برای یادگیری، بهبود و نوآوری به شما کمک می کند که شما را غیرقابل جایگزین کند.
کنجکاوی فکری را برای بهبود کیفیت زندگی خود تمرین کنید
کنجکاوی فکری همه چیز را به فرصتی برای یادگیری تبدیل می کند. وقتی همه چیز را به عنوان یک فرصت می بینید، دنیا مکان جالب تری می شود. این می تواند کیفیت زندگی شما را نه تنها در محل کار، بلکه در خانه نیز بهبود بخشد. شما در یادگیری بهتر می شوید و در نتیجه جایگاه شغل خود را ارتقا می بخشید؛ اما شما همچنین راه هایی برای جذاب تر کردن زندگی روزمره خود هم پیدا می کنید.
منبع:
- https://www.betterup.com/blog/intellectual-curiosity<|endoftext|>true
خداداد غریب پور، شامگاه چهارشنبه در آئین گرامیداشت روز صنعت و معدن در شیراز افزود: این پروژه یک پروژه یک و ۲ دهم میلیارد دلار سرمایه گذاری با حدود ۲ هزار فرصت شغلی مستقیم است که ظرفیت تولید سالانه ۳۰۰ هزار تن شمش آلومینیوم را دارد که امسال به ظرفیت کشور افزوده خواهد شد.
او ادامه داد: پروژه آلومینیوم جنوب جزو پروژههایی است که استان فارس را در تولید این فلز استراتژیک متحول خواهد کرد.
وی، با اشاره به افزایش ۶ درصدی مصرف آلومینیوم در کشور طی ۲ سال گذشته تصریح کرد: از سرمایه گذاران استان دعوت میکنیم که در زمینه تولید پودر آلومینا که نیاز اصلی واحدهای تولید آلومینیوم است، سرمایه گذاری کنند.
غریب پور اظهار داشت: آلومینیوم جنوب به تنهایی نیاز به ۶۰۰ هزار تن پودر آلومینا دارد که باید از خارج از کشور وارد شود که این یک ظرفیت خوب برای سرمایه گذاری است.
وی، با اشاره به وجود سه و نیم میلیارد دلار پروژه نیمه تمام در حوزه صنایع معدنی در کشور افزود: یکی از سیاستهای ایمیدرو اتمام سریع این پروژه است که از جمله میتوان به آلومینیوم جنوب اشاره کرد.
معاون وزیر صنعت، معدن و تجارت و رئیس سازمان توسعه و نوسازی معادن و صنایع معدنی ایران (ایمیدرو) گفت: پروژه آلومینیوم جنوب ظرف پنج ماه گذشته ۲۶۲ میلیارد تومان اعتبار گرفته که روز گذشته و به دنبال سفر اخیر معاون اول رئیس جمهوری به فارس، بنا شد کنسرسیوم بانکی یک هزار میلیارد تومان اعتبار در اختیار این پروژه قرار دهد.
غریب پور، با اشاره به سفر ماه گذشته خود به استان فارس نیز گفت: یکی از دستاوردهای این سفر تشکیل کمیته
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with warm bacon or poppy seed dressing. Garnish with shredded or shaved parmesan cheese.
- Pears and Spring Mix: Toss mixed salad greens, sliced pears, red onion and cucumbers, walnuts and crumbled blue cheese with balsamic vinaigrette dressing.
- Pear and Nut Pizza: Fill prebaked pizza crust with chopped fresh pears mixed with chopped nuts, brown sugar and nutmeg. Sprinkle with shredded cheddar cheese. Bake at 350 degrees F until heated through, about 15 minutes.
- Poached pears with chocolate sauce: Place whole pears in a microwave-safe dish. For each pear to be poached, add ½ cup water, 1 tsp of lemon juice, small piece of cinnamon stick, and a couple whole cloves to the dish. Cover with plastic wrap, venting one corner. Microwave on high 5 to 7 minutes or until pears are just barely tender. Drain pears, discarding liquid. Set pears on a dessert dish standing up and drizzle with chocolate sauce, and sprinkle with chopped walnuts or grated chocolate.
- Pears and cheeses have been together for centuries. For your next dinner party, combine pear slices (sprinkle with lemon juice to prevent from turning brown) with an assortment of cheeses for simple elegant appetizer or dessert platter. Cheeses that pair well with pears include: Goat cheese, Brie, Cheddar, Parmesan Regianno, Fontina, Blue, and Stilton.<|endoftext|>Sediment Transport on a River-Dominated Shallow Water Shelf: Atchafalaya Bay Region, Louisiana
Cold front passage impacts on sediment transport on the inner continental shelf near Atchafalaya Bay were studied, combining satellite imagery and in-situ meteorological and oceanographic measurements. An empirical model relating atmospherically corrected MODIS imagery reflectance to surface measurements of suspended sediment concentration was developed and successfully applied to the coastal waters. An equation for predicting total suspended sediment from Nephelometric Turbidity Units was also applied to the water column at 1, 2, and 3 meters from the seabed. Five case study weeks were selected to examine the dynamics of pre-frontal and post-front forcing mechanisms on sediment transport in a fine-grained sediment environment, with the major objective to determine whether changes in surface sediment concentration revealed characteristics of sediment transport in the vertical structure of the water column.
Remote-sensing data showed that great spatial variation occurred in the surface mud-plume during pre-frontal, post-front and inter-frontal conditions. Southeasterly winds confined the plume nearer shore and often within the bays during pre-frontal conditions. Post-frontal northwesterly and northerly winds increased plume area by 3 to 4 times, extending past the 10 meter isobath and reversing the dominant transport direction from westward to southeastward. A comparison of the surface sediment concentrations at WAVCIS station CSI-3 (seaward of Marsh Island) to simultaneous maxima elsewhere in the mud-plume revealed that the main plume sediment concentrations were often an order of magnitude greater south of the Atchafalaya River mouth.
The presence or absence of the plume over the CSI-3 site was not indicative of the level of sediment flux throughout the water column at CSI-3. High rates of surface and upper water column sediment transport were primarily in response to strong currents from wind-forcing. In contrast, the dynamics of near-bottom transport at CSI-3 showed high rates of sediment flux in the post-front period attributed to high sediment concentrations. Total suspended sediment in the bottom meter sustained peaks which were 2 - 10 times that of the surface and mid-depth concentrations, reaching maxima of 1,100 mg/l due to resuspension and/or the advection of fluid mud from the Chenier Plain coast.
Advisor:Shih A. Hsu; Gregory Stone; Nan D. Walker
School:Louisiana State University in Shreveport
School Location:USA - Louisiana
Source Type:Master's Thesis
Keywords:natural sciences interdepartmental program
Date of Publication:07/09/2007<|endoftext|>Reaching Digital Convergence begins with leadership. Superintendents, cabinet members, and other key stakeholders must work collaboratively to set a shared vision for the transition to the digital classroom. Once established, leadership must bring the vision to internal stakeholders and the community to gain participation and buy-in. This entails convincing community members to envision classrooms differently from what they remember, as well as assuring teachers that more technology will not lead to more complexity. Leadership must also work collaboratively with stakeholders to develop a Digital Convergence plan, secure funding for long-term technology adoption, and create adequate training and support for sustainable and effective technology adoption.
In addition to effective leadership, reaching Digital Convergence also entails selecting, designing, and implementing instructional models that leverage technology and best teaching practices effectively. Unlike the traditional model centered on teacher lectures, blended learning offers a revolutionary paradigm that uses digital resources to drive student engagement, participation, and critical thinking, as well as enables students to benefit from the accessibility of online resources and learning methods. Teachers, curriculum writers, and other stakeholders must work together when determining instructional models, ensuring they match the shared vision and Digital Convergence plan established by leadership.
Also important to Digital Convergence is redesigning existing curriculum to incorporate digital content within the instructional framework. Creating modern curriculum requires curriculum writers, teachers, and other stakeholders to select appropriate digital content that fits the chosen instructional model, shared vision, and Digital Convergence plan. One school district provides an example of curating digital content to create a modern curriculum. The district chose to replace paper textbooks with online, open-source textbooks that allowed teachers to add or modify content to suit their instructional needs, including linking to videos and other resources.
With the prevalence of devices such as tablets and smartphones, stakeholders must collaborate to design an effective digital ecosystem. The digital ecosystem requires careful consideration and planning around the type of devices to implement and how they can be leveraged together, as well as how those devices will be supported by adequate infrastructure. As an example of a digital ecosystem, one school district provided students with tablets and digital microscopes for a biology experiment. Students used the tablets to take pictures outside, and the digital microscopes to analyze the images. The tablets and digital microscopes were used together to advance knowledge in ways not possible in a traditional classroom setting. Ensuring that the digital ecosystem is fully integrated and supportive of hardware and software brings the school district one step closer to Digital Convergence. However, stakeholders must build a digital ecosystem that fits the district’s shared vision, Digital Convergence plan, instructional model, and modern curriculum.
The fifth and final driver to reach Digital Convergence is Professional Learning. Teachers need education on how to use the chosen technology, and in the context of the instructional model and modern curriculum. Beyond training teachers on the features and functions of technology tools, professional learning must empower teachers to use those tools in new and impactful ways. Modern educators require instruction on when best to use technology, whether in class or at home, and how best to use it during their daily interactions with students. Teachers should also receive education on how to move from lecture-driven to student-centric pedagogy, in which teachers offer guidance and allow students to drive learning.<|endoftext|>مجلس با شمولیت بند «و» ماده ۴۴ قانون استخدامی به جانبازان، آزادگان و همسران شهدا و جانبازان و آزادگان در قالب طرح استفساریه برنامه پنجم توسعه مخالفت کردند.
به گزارش ایسنا، نمایندگان مجلس شورای اسلامی در جلسه علنی امروز (یکشنبه) تعیین تکلیف طرح استفساریه تبصره ۲ ماده واحده قانون اصلاح بند (و) ماده ۴۴ قانون برنامه پنجساله پنجم توسعه را بار دیگر به کمیسیون اجتماعی ارجاع دادند.
مجلس با ۱۵۳ رای موافق، ۲۱ رای مخالف و ۲ رای ممتنع از مجموع ۲۲۸ نماینده حاضر در جلسه استفساریه مذکور را با موضوع معافیتهای قانونی جانبازان، آزادگان و خانواده هایشان و خانواده شهدا برای تبدیل به طرح شدن به کمیسیون اجتماعی ارجاع دادند. قبل از این رای گیری، مجلس با ۱۱۰ رأی موافق، ۶۵ رأی مخالف و ۹ رأی ممتنع از مجموع ۲۲۷ نماینده حاضر در جلسه با این طرح مخالفت کرد.
نظر شورای نگهبان درباره طرح مذکور به این شرح است: با توجه به انقضای مهلت اجرای قانون برنامه پنجساله پنجم توسعه جمهوری اسلامی ایران و پیش بینی احکام مشابه آن در ماده ۲۱ قانون جامع خدمات رسانی به ایثارگران و بند (ج) ماده ۸۷ قانون برنامه پنجساله ششم توسعه اقتصادی، اجتماعی و فرهنگی جمهوری اسلامی ایران، تصویب استفساریه مذکور ضرورتی ندارد، لذا موضوع استفساریه و پاسخ حذف می شود.
علی لاریجانی با اشاره به گذشت زمان اجرای قانون برنامه پنجم توسعه، گفت: این استفساریه به دلیل پایان وقت قانونی برنامه پنجم توسعه قابل استناد نیست؛ بنابراین باید به کمیسیون مربوطه ارجاع شود تا در قالب طرحی معافیت های قانونی جانبازان، آزادگان و خانواده هایشان و خانواده شهدا تعریف شود.
براساس بند «و» ماده ۴۴ قانون برنامه پنجم توسعه دستگاههای اجرایی موظفند حداقل ۲۵ درصد نیاز استخدامی خود را از میان فرزندان شهدا و فرزندان جانبازان ۵۰ درصد و بالاتر و فرزندان زادگانی که حداقل ۵ سال سابقه اسارت دارند بدون الزام به رعایت شرط سنی، تحصیلی و آزمونی تامین و از ابتدا آنان را به صورت رسمی قطعی استخدام کنند. ۵ درصد سهمیه استخدامی به سایر جانبازان، آزادگان، رزمندگان و همسر و فرزندان آنان اختصاص مییابد. در مواردی که نیاز به تخصص دارد شرایط عملی لازمالرعایه است.<|endoftext|>تامین اعتبار نیمی از نوسازی خودروهای فرسوده از منابع وزارت نفت
به گزارش باروان به نقل از تیننیوز، منصور معظمی گفت: بر اساس دستور رئیسجمهور مقررشده وزارت نفت از محل فروش نفت خام و سایر فرآوردهها بخشی از منابع مالی آن را تأمین کند.
او گفت: ۵۰ درصد منابع این پروژه عظیم از سوی دولت و ۳۰ درصد از سوی بانکها تأمینشده و ۲۰ درصد باقیمانده نیز آورده نقدی افراد و متقاضیان خواهد بود.
رئیس هیاتعامل سازمان توسعه و نوسازی صنایع ایران (ایدرو) گفت: تعداد خودروهای جایگزین شده در سه سال اجرای طرح، ۲۰۲ هزار و ۵۰۰ دستگاه است که منابع اختصاصیافته توسط دولت معادل قطعات منفصله خودرو (بیش از هفت میلیارد دلار) برآورد شده است.
وزارتخانههای راه و شهرسازی، صنعت، معدن و تجارت، نفت و کشور، بانک مرکزی، بانکهای عامل و شرکتهای خودروساز داخلی در این پروژه عظیم مشارکت خواهند کرد.
آمار خودروهای فرسوده
بر اساس آمار پلیس راهنمایی و رانندگی و ستاد مدیریت حملونقل سوخت بیش از ۲۱ هزار اتوبوس درونشهری، بیش از ۱۳ هزار اتوبوس برونشهری، ۱۹ هزار کامیونت، ۵۷ هزار مینیبوس و ون و ۲۴۰ هزار کامیون و کشنده فرسوده در کشور وجود دارد.
محمد شریعتمداری وزیر صنعت، معدن و تجارت دراینباره گفت: تعداد خودروهای جایگزین شده در سه سال اجرای طرح ۲۰۲ هزار و ۵۰۰ دستگاه است که منابع اختصاصیافته از سوی دولت معادل قطعات منفصله خودرو (بیش از هفت میلیارد دلار) برآورد شده است.
وی افزود: در این طرح سهم تسهیلات بانکی ۲۱۲ هزار و ۶۰۰ میلیارد ریال و آورده متقاضی ۱۸۳ هزار میلیارد ریال خواهد بود.<|endoftext|>"Çoğu insan telefonlarını bir çantaya koyar, peki hangi rengi satın aldığınız neden önemli?" Telefon renkleri ve materyalleri hakkında konuşurken bu cümlenin bir çeşitlemesini çok duyuyorum.
Ancak durum böyle olsaydı, şirketler telefonları tek renkte - "Model T" siyah - piyasaya sürerler ve buna bir gün diyebilirlerdi. Bunun yerine, renk trendlerinin gelip gittiğini ve herkesin zevkine uyacak şekilde giderek artan şekilde çeşitli tonlar, malzemeler ve ışıltılar gördük. Ve birçok insan telefonlarını şatafatlı kılıflarla kapatırken, telefonu amaçlandığı gibi görmek için çıplak kalmayı veya net bir kılıf kullanmayı seçen artan bir sayı var.
OnePlus 6 dört renkte sunulur ve her biri göründüğü kadar farklıdır. Hangisini satın alacağımızı seçmek kolay olmayacak, ancak umarım yardımcı olabiliriz.
Verizon, Pixel 4a'yı yeni Sınırsız hatlarda ayda sadece 10 ABD doları karşılığında sunuyor
Ayna Siyahı
Mirror Black, OnePlus 6 için bariz bir seçimdir çünkü varsayılan seçimdir - telefonun en ucuz çeşidini istiyorsanız, Mirror Black'i seçmelisiniz.
OnePlus 6'nın camla kaplı olduğu göz önüne alındığında, Mirror Black varyantı, OnePlus "onu bir ayna parlaklığı ile kaplayarak, geleneksel olarak en yansıtıcı gibi görünüyor. Seramik görünümü ve hissi. "Kaplama parmak izlerini oldukça kolay bir şekilde alması anlamına gelirken, şaşırtıcı derecede kavrayıcıdır ve telefonu, durum. Birkaç dakikada bir siliyor olacaksınız, ancak temizlendiğinde ve temizlendiğinde telefon harika görünür ve odadaki en güçlü ışık kaynağını yakalar.
Mirror Black OnePlus 6'yı kimler satın almalı?
Önceki bir OnePlus cihazından olabildiğince uzağa bakan bir OnePlus 6 almak istiyorsanız, Mirror Black nerede olduğu. Veya tersine, kısa ömürlü OnePlus X'i (OnePlux) sevdiyseniz, bu sizin tek gerçek seçeneğinizdir.
Aynı zamanda, 6GB RAM ve 64GB depolama için 529 $ 'lık başlangıç fiyatıyla sunulan tek model Mirror Black modelinin tutumlu bir seçim olduğu düşünülmelidir.
Geceyarısı Siyahı
Midnight Black, OnePlus 6'nın daha geleneksel görünümlü bir çeşididir ve OnePlus 3T'nin "mat siyah her şeyin" tüm öfke olduğu halcyon günlerine geri dönüyor. Bu özel varyant camla kaplı olsa da, metale çok benziyor ve OnePlus 6'ya daha temiz, daha sofistike bir görünüm sunuyor.
Ayrıca, her ikisi de 8 GB RAM'e sahip olan 128 GB ve 256 GB değişkenlerde de mevcuttur.
Midnight Black OnePlus 6'yı kimler satın almalı?
OnePlus serisinin metalden yapıldığı günleri özlüyorsanız, Midnight Black OnePlus 6 alacağınız en yakın şeydir. Aynı zamanda, aslında metal versiyonlardan daha iyi görünüyor çünkü mat alt tabakaya rağmen, cam ışığı yakalıyor ve hemen hemen her aydınlatma koşulunda gerçekten güzel görünüyor.
Bununla birlikte, Mirror Black modeli kadar çarpıcı değil, bu yüzden pişmanlık duymadan kolayca kapsanabiliyor.
İpek Beyaz
Yalnızca tek bir depolama kombinasyonunda mevcuttur - 8 GB RAM ve 128 GB depolama alanı - sınırlı sayıda üretilen İpek Beyazı OnePlus 6 bir cam arka yüze sahiptir, ancak altında hafifçe çukur görünen ezilmiş bir inci tasarım vardır. ışık. Pembe altın vurgularla, İpek Beyaz OnePlus 6, çarpıcı ve benzersizdir ve sınırlı sayıda üretildiği için kesinlikle daha çok beğenilecektir.
Silk White OnePlus 6'yı kimler satın almalı?
Gerçekte herhangi bir renge sahip tek OnePlus 6 rengini arıyorsanız, İpek Beyazı bariz bir seçimdir. Pembe altından hoşlanıyorsanız ya da sadece biraz farklı görünen bir telefon istiyorsanız, gitmenin yolu budur.
Aynı zamanda, Silk White'ın sınırlı üretim çalışması göz önüne alındığında, bir koleksiyoncu ürünü haline gelebilmesi mümkündür, bu yüzden isterseniz bir an önce üstlenmeniz daha iyi olur.
OnePlus'ta görün
Kırmızı
Şüphesiz, OnePlus 6 Red, telefon için şimdiye kadar gördüğümüz en göz alıcı renk. 1 Temmuz'da duyurulan altı katmanlı cam tasarım, çarpıcı bir sonuç oluşturmak için bir araya gelen ekstra bir yansıma önleyici katman, yarı saydam turuncu bir katman ve kırmızı taban katmanı içeriyor.
OnePlus 6'nın arkasını ve çerçevesini kaplayan kırmızıya ek olarak, ince altını da bulacaksınız. kamera muhafazası, parmak izi sensörü, OnePlus logosu ve "OnePlus Tarafından Tasarlandı" çevresinde vurgular markalaşma.
OnePlus 6 Red resmi olarak 10 Temmuz'da satışa çıkacak ve standart 579 $ karşılığında 8GB RAM + 128GB yapılandırmasında satışa sunulacak.
OnePlus 6 Red'i kimler satın almalı?
Kalabalıktan gerçekten sıyrılan ve çevrenizdeki herkesin dikkatini çeken bir telefon istiyorsanız, OnePlus 6 Red tam size göre.
Tek dezavantajı, güzelliğini bir kılıf veya deri ile örtmenin utanç verici olmasıdır, bu yüzden onu alır ve çıplak olmaya karar verirseniz ekstra Cam tasarımının en iyi şekilde kalmasına dikkat edin.
OnePlus 6 Red uygulamalı: Alınması gereken bu
Senin rengin ne
Bir OnePlus 6 rengi seçtiniz mi? İpek Beyazı veya Kırmızı versiyona mı meraklıyorsunuz? Aşağıdaki yorumlarda bize bildirin!
3 Temmuz 2018'de güncellendi: Bu makale OnePlus 6 Red'i içerecek şekilde güncellendi.
Ana
- OnePlus 6T incelemesi
- En son OnePlus 6T haberleri
- OnePlus 5T vs. 6T: Yükseltmeli misiniz?
- Forumlarda tartışmaya katılın
- OnePlus
- T mobil
Bağlantılarımızı kullanarak satın alımlar için komisyon kazanabiliriz. Daha fazla bilgi edin.
Bunlar, her fiyata satın alabileceğiniz en iyi kablosuz kulaklıklardır!
En iyi kablosuz kulaklıklar rahattır, harika ses çıkarır, çok pahalı değildir ve cebe kolayca sığar.
PS5 hakkında bilmeniz gereken her şey: Çıkış tarihi, fiyatı ve daha fazlası.
Sony, PlayStation 5 üzerinde çalıştığını resmen onayladı. Şimdiye kadar bildiğimiz her
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milliwatts. And that those in the range of one milliwatt are generally considered safe.
But the word “generally” worries me. It should also concern parents. Under ideal circumstances children are saved from laser injury due to a normal reaction to light. If we encounter a bright object, such as a laser beam, we normally blink, saving the eye from damage.
But assuming this will happen is problematic. Young children are curious and may decide to stare at a bright object for a period of time. Their prolonged curiosity could result in loss of vision even from low-power lasers.
Besides, it appears there’s a bit of the Wild West in the lack of government control in the selling of laser devices. For instance, it has been “generally” believed that laser devices powerful enough to damage the eye were only available to the military.
But Dr. Schmid reports that the laser acquired by this 15-year-old boy had a power of 150 milliwatts. And there are even stronger lasers sold on the Internet in the range of 700 milliwatts. Websites also advertise laser swords that are supposed to be fun toys!
I find it ludicrous that laser devices are allowed to be sold without a big red danger sign on them. Surely it’s reasonable to ask, how can a child tell a harmless laser pointer (if there is one) from a dangerous laser?
There are other problems. A U.S. contact told me that since 2004, there have been 2,800 incidents of laser beams being directed at landing aircraft in the United States. This is a senseless act.
The chance of damaging eyesight is minimal, as the speed of the plane and short duration of the beam protects the pilot. But this evil practice can cause sudden “flash blindness” at a critical time during landing.
The constant message is that there are many ways for children to be injured. Some we cannot control, but good sense should be able to stop laser-eye tragedies.
Dr. Gifford-Jones is a medical journalist with a private medical practice in Toronto.<|endoftext|>5 popular myths that are bad for your health and your figure
A Few Bad Apples
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Over the years I’ve been unfortunate enough to have the opportunity to read and listen to nutritionists and dietitians give out horrible nutrition tips, much of which has been flat out untrue, while other advice reflects a poor understanding human physiology. Either way, it is bad advice. Here are some common tips you may have heard that could be keeping you from eating a healthy diet and losing weight.
Make your sandwich healthier and save calories by replacing half the meat with vegetables
2 of 6
The crux of this advice is the antiquated idea that meat is unhealthy and loaded with calories, while vegetables are healthy and contain very few calories. This would be the case if you were eating a Spam sandwich, but in that instance, you should be more concerned about revamping your food choices and not just upgrading your lunch.
In a typical turkey breast sammie, the worse thing for your health is the bread, not the protein. Gram for gram, veggies are a more nutritious source of carbohydrates than what they’re sitting on, so why not throw away at least one slice of bread while at the same time piling on as many vegetables as you want. This trick saves calories and carbs and makes you feel fuller and more satisfied.
Eating too much protein will make your bones brittle
3 of 6
This statement is unfortunately plastered inside of nutrition textbooks. The first problem here is that “too much” is rather vague. Someone might hear this, think they are eating too much protein, and then cut out all protein at breakfast and lunch—bad idea! The other issue here is that the relationship between protein and your bones is complicated, as you also need to consider how much calcium you’re eating.
In order for your protein consumption to potentially have a negative impact on your skeleton, you’d need to be eating 2.5 times the recommended daily allowance for protein (that’s 171 to 190 grams if you’re following a 1,800- to 2,000-calories diet) and taking in less than 60 percent of your recommended calcium. As the chances of both of these are very slim, this “advice” is more a nutritional scare tactic used to get people to eat less protein and more carbs than anything else.
Glucose (sugar) is your brain’s primary source of fuel and it needs 120 grams per day to function, otherwise you’ll feel groggy and foggy
4 of 6
Most bad nutrition advice centers on an incomplete understanding of carbs and their role and function in the body. Sugar isn’t the only way to fuel your brain. Your grey matter runs rather efficiently using compounds called ketones, which are basically the biochemical leftovers from fat breakdown. When your body is actively and aggressively breaking down fat, it produces lots of ketones that your brain can then use to do all the things it needs to do.
You see, the brain and body are very adaptive. If you want to fuel your noggin via a higher-carb, low-fat diet, then it will run on glucose. But if you want to reap the metabolic advantages of eating a low-carb, higher-fat diet, then your brain will adjust, use ketones, and perform very well.
A calorie is a calorie, and in order to lose weight you just need to eat fewer of them
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It is amazing how many times you hear people say this in 2012 despite countless clinical trials showing that reducing carbohydrates, not fat, leads to more efficient and effective weight loss. In addition to that we eat food, not calories. Food contains different components such as fat, carbohydrates, and protein. At a very basic level, fats and proteins stimulate feelings of satiety and fullness, while carbohydrates create a hormonal environment that makes fat burning very difficult for our bodies.
Reducing calories is important to lose weight, but you need to take into consideration where those calories come from—fat, carbs, protein, etc.—and the hormonal and physiological responses our bodies have to those components.
You’ll lose more weight on a low-carb diet, but that is because you lose a lot of water weight
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It is true that you lose an appreciable amount of water weight when you begin a low-carbohydrate diet. A quick science lesson: The hormone insulin stimulates the kidneys to retain fluid. When you cut carbs, your body produces less insulin, causing your kidneys to flush out excess water. In addition there is a decrease in the sugar stored in your muscles, which is stored with water.
Despite these additional losses from H2O, you still will lose more body fat following a low-carbohydrate diet compared to a low-fat diet. A 2010 study published in the Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research showed that adults who combined weight training and a low-carb diet lost more than 15 pounds of body fat in 12 weeks, while those on low-fat diets didn’t lose even half of that. So in actuality, you lose more weight on a low-carb diet because you are losing more fat.<|endoftext|>电磁铁在电磁炉当中的应用？
电磁炉是根据电磁铁而制造出来的，但是电磁铁和电磁炉的原理并不是完全相同的，它们是有区别的，我么一起来看看。
什么是电磁铁，电磁铁是人类发明，达到普通磁铁的效果的一种技术，电流的磁效应是可以证明电流周围存在磁场的。电磁铁在通电时，有电流通过线圈而产生磁场，使磁场作用于铁芯而产生动作。通过电磁感应产生磁性，达到吸附一些金属的效果。
什么是电磁炉？电磁炉采用磁场感应电流，这点和上面说的电磁铁原理相似，从而达到加热原理，就是通过电子线路板产生高频电流，通过多种装换，再通过螺旋状的磁感应圈，形成高电磁炉频交变磁场，当磁场内的磁力线通过铁磁材料器皿底部，在其体内产生交变的电流（即涡流），涡流使锅具铁分子高速无规则运动，分子互相碰撞、摩擦而产生热能使器皿本身自行高速发热（将电能转换为热能），用来加热和烹饪食物，从而达到煮食目的。
所以他们的关系就很明了了，电磁炉只是应用了电磁的磁场感应，通过电流转换和各种原理转变，将电流变成高温热能，达到加热的效果。电磁炉是靠交流电产生电磁场来热加热金属器皿，和电磁铁的原理是有相关的，两者是不同的，所以大家就不要认为电磁炉就是靠电磁铁来运作的了。
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下一篇：磁场电磁铁冷却水箱进水出水并联想还是串联？<|endoftext|>Genç kahverengi saçlı kadınlar Jenny, fetişizmin şiddetlenmesinden mi kaynaklanıyor? Kızım bilmiyorum, muhteşem, keskin, ince nogucci'sini nerede sopalar. Bebeğe krem ve boya tırnakları parmakların üzerine sürtünür, cildin mükyalamal pürüzsüz bir yüzeyi oluşturmak için saçları çıkarır, kendini okşar ve içten içe çeker. Tüm rüyalar nymphets bir fikir dolaşıyor – erkek phallus üzerinde bacaklar uyumak için, senkronize ayakları üzerinde seminal sıvı yapmak için hareket başlatmak için. Hileleri rüyaları, ağabeyi William'ın evindeki görünümüyle gerçekleşir. Oğlan ordudan olgunlaşmış, daha güçlü ve cinsel açıdan açlık çekerek oradaki DİE'yi çekmeye başlamıştı. Kız olarak görüyorum, bacaklarının arasındaki acılı özlemle tükenmiş, bedeninin en hassas noktasında kendi etini öpeğe karar vererek alt ekstremayı hafifçe okşadı. Tatlı öpücük klitorisi, ayak parmaklarını yalıyor Jenny, parmakların gövdesindeki etki, yakınlarının çok eğlenceli olduğu ve sonuçlarını düşünmedikleri ensestin habercisi oluyor. William, vajinada cum mümkün olmayacaktır, çünkü fetchiste sosun sevgisi hesaba katıp, bir çeşme gibi püskürterek püskürtün.
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Yaşlı kadın masanın arkasında çalışıyormuş, büroda genç bir erkeğe sahip Olgun bir adam çıkmıştı. Eşler her iki tarafında durup pantolonunu açtığında, sanki yumuşak penislerden atılmış gibi, kadının iyileşmesi ne kada...<|endoftext|>我叫冈克，我给自己取名冈克是因为我的生活在我有了那段恋情后彻底毁了。
认识高明是在我22岁大学毕业的时候。我在人才市场申请了一份工作。他是参与公司招聘的人员之一。经过短暂的交流，他说如果有任何消息，他会通知我。第二天，我接到他的电话，通知我去参加第二轮面试。
我穿好衣服就走了。我没想到第二轮面试会是他。这次我们做了一些专业知识交流，我被直接录取了。他是我们的部门经理，我申请了他的助理。
高明是一个很有涵养的男人，非常尊重女人。他会和任何女人保持一定的距离，伸出绅士的手。他赢得了公司许多女性的青睐，包括我。我从未想到如此优雅而明智的人有秘密的一面。所有的灾难都是在高明向我坦白后开始的。
高明向我坦白的那天是一个晚上。他和我是公司里唯一加班的人。他邀请我吃晚饭，顺便向我坦白了。那时，我非常高兴，我的小鹿在狂跳。我沉默了一会儿，然后同意了。说实话，当我第一次和高明在一起的时候，我很开心。他非常浪漫，知道如何用各种技巧赢得我的好感，而且非常小心。他能想到我想不到的一切。
就这样，我沉浸在高明给我的温暖中，全心全意地等待着他向我求婚的那一天。不幸的是，我没有等到那一天，而是等到了死亡法令。那天，我等着高明从我们的小家里回来，直到晚上10点钟高明才回来。我不能接他的电话。我觉得我心里有些不对劲。
11点钟，高明终于回来了，他喝醉了，一回来就抱着我哭了。我不明白，他从口袋里掏出一张诊断单，我看了之后，我的头立刻掉了下来。带有“阳性”字样的诊断单刺痛了我的眼睛，使我感到疼痛。这张诊断单表明高明患有艾滋病。
高明患有艾滋病，我呢？我疯狂地拖着他，问他为什么。通过喝酒，他倾吐了他所有的历史。
原来，高明对“美”有一种固执的感觉。只要它漂亮，他就想要它。以他良好的条件，高明一直追女人，有的甚至同时追。在这些女人中，小粉是最迷恋的。即使她目睹了高明和其他女人在一起，她也不会放弃。
小粉越谦虚，她在高明眼里就越没有光彩。结果，最终，高明为了摆脱小粉对她出言不逊。在被高明赶出家门的那天，心碎的小粉去酒吧喝酒。喝醉后，她被宠坏了，不幸染上了疾病。
大约有半年时间，小粉没有再联系高明，高明也累了，想安定下来。当高明想安定下来时，我就在他面前。如果小粉不再出现，也许我和高明真的可以幸福地生活。
然而，小粉表现出一种报复的态度。出现在高明面前的小粉，似乎已经变成了一个有冷艳气质的人。他不仅表现出对高明的忠诚，还表现出优柔寡断。起初，高明和小粉努力保持距离。过了很长时间，他们最终还是没有控制住它。这两个人做爱了。
下一件事就是这样。高明不知道小粉病了，所以他回来了，继续对我好。因此，我很有可能染上这种疾病。想到这里，我喘息着。
对我来说，等待结果的一周每天都是一场磨难。这就像一个被判死刑的人在等待判决的执行。
我还有很多事情要完成，我仍然非常想念这个世界，我不想，没有这种肮脏的疾病。我非常讨厌高明，再也见不到他了。在我得到结果的那天，我发现了一个偏僻的角落。果然，“积极”这个词引起了我的注意。
我拿着诊断结果没精打采地回家了。我拿出母亲留下的遗物，一块珍贵的玉石，我戴在脖子上，准备死去。但是当我穿过许多交通和河流时，我没有勇气去执行它。
不知不觉中，天渐渐黑了，路越来越远了。我没有目的地，也不知道自己去了哪里。当我的情绪逐渐平静下来，我打算放弃死亡的尝试时，我意识到似乎有一辆摩托车在跟踪我很长时间。
当我意识到危险时，已经太晚了。摩托车手全速跑来抢我的包，抓住我的脖子。我的手机和所有身份信息都在包里，我永远不会让任何人碰我妈妈的东西。
我们一直在不停地拉啊拉。最后，歹徒拿出一把锋利的刀强迫我实现他的目标。我只是把诊断书扔在他面前说:来吧，我有艾滋病，刺我，刺我，我会用血把你扔得到处都是，让你和我一起死！当歹徒清楚地看到诊断书时，他退缩了，最后骑着摩托车离开了。
被吓傻了，我坐在地上大声哭了起来。只有当危险临近的时候，我才能知道我对这个世界有多少记忆。我的老父亲正在我的家乡等我。不久前我刚拿到导游证书。我真的很想多看一看这个世界。我想念这个世界，我不想离开。我怎么了？我只是错爱了一个人渣，我怎么了？
深夜，我回到家。高明也没睡。他在家等我。我开始整理我的衣服。高明拉着我，不肯放手。当他证实我也有艾滋病时，他说，“呱，我们结婚，这样生活吧！”！
我感到心里一阵苦笑。是的，他们都是病人。最好在一起。但是，我怎么能继续和他在一起呢？怎么可能和一个把肮脏的疾病传染给我的人在一起？如果他真的想安定下来，如果他经受住了前任的诱惑，会有后一种情况吗？
如果他不像小粉那样，小粉会怎么样？归根结底，高明是罪魁祸首。我冷冷地甩开他的手，说，我的余生，我只想活得干净，而你太脏了。
我离开了高明，辞去了工作，开始了自己的旅行。一方面，我自己存了很多钱；另一方面，我可以帮助公众人物写旅行笔记并获得很多奖励。这两件事支撑着我现在的生活。
我现在已经找到了一个安定下来的地方，那里很安静，我的心情也很平静，好像一切都可以重新开始。你问我在哪里，说你有时间来看我。我想了想，还是算了。
(作品名称:艾滋病毒被发现后，我侥幸逃脱了灾难)。发件人:每天阅读故事应用，看得更精彩)
点击[关注]按钮，首先可以看到更多精彩的故事。<|endoftext|>Foot Odor control And WetnessExcessive sweat and odor are two foot problems that usually occur together. It is normal for feet to sweat because this is one way the body regulates temperature and keeps us from overheating. However, the excess moisture from sweating plus the heat inside a shoe provide a perfect environment for bacteria and fungi, which cause the dreaded odor. The more feet sweat, the worse foot and shoe odor tend to be. Sweaty feet can be a problem for children and adults alike, although older adults sweat less because sweat
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, if coronary arteries become narrow, it can certainly happen that the heart becomes deficient in oxygen. This could become a problem, especially if the person is very physically active.
The even worse consequence is heart attack or cardiac arrest. This heart complication is a very common heart condition all over the world.
The narrowing coronary arteries supply lesser and lesser oxygen to the heart as the blood which carries oxygen would gradually reduce in volume. This is particularly problematic during physical exertion which makes the heart beat faster. Initially, no symptoms may manifest as the blood flow decreases. However, with the continual building up of plaque, coronary artery disease will eventually exhibit its symptoms.
The signs and symptoms consist the following:
Men face more common symptoms when it comes to heart attack than women. Conversely, women report pain in neck or jaw area as symptoms. In certain cases, a person might experience heart attack without experiencing any important symptoms.
As the name suggests, coronary artery disease pertains to the condition in which the coronary arteries that supply blood to the heart are somehow blocked by a plaque.
As time progresses, the artery walls might be majorly obstructed by fatty buildups. The medical term for this issue is atherosclerosis. So, atherosclerosis is a very common cause associated with coronary artery disease.
One could avoid it by not smoking, not consuming foods with a high cholesterol level and not stressing out too much which results in hypertension. Diabetes is also another condition that scientists link to coronary artery disease.
There are a number of factors that significantly increase an individual’s vulnerability to coronary artery disease. People with higher blood pressure are at a higher risk; so are those who have higher bad cholesterol and lower good cholesterol levels in their body. Those who have diabetes or are overweight or obese are also at an elevated risk level.
Other risk factors include smoking; this inflames the blood vessels and results in more cholesterol depositing in the arteries. Lastly, not properly exercising or living an overly sedentary lifestyle can also significantly make the individual more vulnerable to coronary artery disease.
Doctors recommend a diet that is high in fiber and low in fats. It should also contain an adequate amount of fruits and vegetables. Furthermore, one should divide this diet into five small portions a day.
Exercise on a regular basis is also recommended as it makes the circulation of blood more efficient. At the same time, it lessens the cholesterol levels and can play a crucial role in avoiding hypertension.
The individual should also try not to smoke as much and, in fact, should try to secede this behavior, as to avoid any chance at all.<|endoftext|>Your daily selection of the latest science news!
According to Live Science
Spooky happenings were afoot last weekend in Wales … or should that an “arm” — or eight? According to local news reports, bunches of octopuses were seen oozing along the beach on Friday night (Oct. 27).
Local marine tour operators told WalesOnline they saw about 20 of the cephalopods crawling along the sand around 10 p.m. local time Friday, with additional reports of walking octopuses on Thursday night. Video shows the hand-size, pinkish mollusks creeping along the sand.
The behavior is a mystery, according to octopus experts. This area of the United Kingdom has seen large numbers of cephalopods this year, said David Scheel, a marine biologist at Alaska Pacific University in Anchorage.
“It’s possible they are unusually abundant this year,” Scheel wrote in an email to Live Science. “Or perhaps sea conditions were atypical — a big storm or an unusually low tide? Really nice crabs just above the low tide line? Too warm or cold? Recent pollution event or enrichment? Recent food die-off? A marathon walk for a compelling cause?” [8 Crazy Facts About Octopuses]
Octopuses can survive out of water for a good 10 to 15 minutes without damage, as long as they stay damp, said Jennifer Mather, an expert on octopus behavior at the University of Lethbridge in Canada. The octopuses seen in the video are probably a species in the genus Eledone, she said, which is a deep-sea dweller. Very little is known about the behavior of deep-living octopus species, Mather told Live Science.
“The ones we know anything about are really the ones within about 10 meters max [depth],” Mather said. (Ten meters is about 33 feet.)
Some deep-living octopus species come closer to shore to mate, Mather said. It’s possible the Eledone seen in the video were in some sort of shallow mating assemblage when bad weather hit, churning up their environment enough to wash them ashore. Winter storm Brian hit the United Kingdom on Oct. 22, bringing strong winds and rough seas to the coast of Wales.
Save the octopuses
Brett Jones, the owner of a local dolphin-watching tour business, told WalesOnline that he and his colleagues had been picking up the stranded octopuses and putting them back in the water. That is probably a lifesaving action, Mather said.
“These guys really don’t look dead or almost dead. Their color’s normal, their tone is normal,” she said. Getting them back into the water quickly probably ensures their survival, she said.
Mather has studied some species of Eledone in a laboratory environment and said they don’t display any particularly unusual behavior, though they may be somewhat social — they do tolerate other octopuses in their territory. But very little is known about this group of species in the wild, she said, just as very little is known about the behavior of deep-ocean animals in general.
“We know so little about the sea, and it takes up three-fifths of the planet,” Mather said. And climate change may be forever altering habitats before humans even understand them, she said.
“We owe it to the planet to start learning, because there is more than there is up here,” she said. “And we don’t know anything about it.”
This article and images were originally posted on [Live Science] November 1, 2017 at 07:10AM
Credit to Author and Live Science |ESIST.T>G>S Recommended Articles Of The Day<|endoftext|>Wonder what double-sided RAM is and how it compares to single-sided RAM? We’ve got you covered!
If you’ve ever installed RAM in your computer, you’ve probably noticed that some modules have chips on both sides of the circuit board, while other modules have chips only on one side. This is commonly referred to as “single-sided” or “double-sided” RAM.
Aside from the obvious difference in physical layout, you might be wondering if there are any differences in performance or compatibility associated with these two different topologies.
This quick guide will cover everything you need to know about double-sided RAM.
What Actually Matters with RAM
First and foremost, it’s important to emphasize that whether a RAM module is single-sided or double-sided is actually mostly meaningless in the modern day. What actually matters is RAM “rank”, which is the configuration of RAM chips on the RAM module circuit board.
To understand what rank is and why it matters, we first need to lay out some terminology:
In RAM terminology, a rank is a set of RAM chips connected to the same chip select, meaning basically that they are all accessed at the same time by the memory controller. Each rank has a data bus 64 bits wide.
Each individual RAM chip also has a data bus, and usually these are 8 bits wide. This means that a rank of 8-bit RAM chips will be comprised of 8 physical chips. This is why you’ll typically see 8 chips on each populated side of a RAM module.
A less common scenario is where the RAM chips have 16-bit buses; in that case each rank would be comprised of 4 physical chips.
“Rank” therefore refers to the physical configuration of RAM chips on the RAM module circuit board. A RAM module having only one rank is referred to as “single rank” and a RAM module having two ranks is referred to as “dual rank”.
Less common configurations of four ranks, or “quad rank”, and eight ranks, or “octal rank”, are also possible. Quad and octal rank modules are typically only used in server systems.
Single-Sided and Double-Sided RAM
As mentioned previously, this refers to how many sides of the RAM module circuit board are populated with RAM chips. These are actually antiquated terms for how RAM used to be designed.
Usually, but not always, single-sided modules were single rank and double-sided modules were dual rank. Unless it relates to rank, whether a module is single-sided or double-sided is completely inconsequential in terms of system performance.
“Row” is often used as a pseudonym for rank. Many motherboards limit the number of rows of memory that can be installed to some number smaller than the possible number of rows if all memory slots are populated.
Single rank RAM modules count as one row and dual rank modules count as two rows. If a motherboard has four memory slots and limits installed memory to five rows, for example, that means you could install single rank RAM modules in all four memory slots (for a total of four rows).
Installing two dual rank modules occupies four rows, leaving only one row available. You could install at most one more single rank module in that system for a total of five rows.
This is the physical connector that a RAM module is installed in. Slots are often also referred to as “sockets” in motherboard documentation.
Slots and sockets are not important to this discussion except for the point that they shouldn’t be confused with rank or row.
Memory channels are the links between your RAM and your CPU through which data moves between the two. As with slots, channels are not important to this discussion; just don’t confuse them with any of the other terms we’ve outlined.
P.S. – We also recently covered whether or not brand actually matters when it comes to RAM.
Single, Dual, Quad, & Octal Rank: What’s the Difference?
Now that we’ve outlined what rank is, does it matter whether we install single, dual, quad, or octal rank RAM in our system? The short answer is that the effect of rank on performance is often nuanced as well.
We can better understand these nuances by looking at the three topics – overhead, interleaving, and page access.
As noted earlier, the RAM data bus is 64 bits wide, and each rank is also 64 bits wide. The key implication of this is that the memory controller can only access one rank at a time.
Whenever the memory controller has to switch between ranks, it has to perform certain actions, and these actions take time. This time is often referred to as overhead.
It therefore follows that, due to the additional overhead, a memory controller in a dual rank system will take slightly longer to accomplish a given task than it would in a single rank system. One such source of overhead is something called a “pipeline stall”.
While pipeline stalls are a complex topic outside the scope of this article, they can be sufficiently defined for our purposes as delays associated with reading a memory location after writing to a location, and vice-versa. This leads to a small performance reduction for multi-rank systems as they require some pipeline stalls between accessing different ranks.
For two ranks on a single RAM module a pipeline stall might not even be required, but this parameter is often programmed independently of the rank location in the system.
Pipeline stalls are relatively negligible delays, but they are one example of many delays that add up to create the overhead in a multi-rank system.
One way in which overhead can be significantly compensated for is the technique of interleaving. In a computer system, memory is organized into banks.
For the purposes of this article we will broadly define a memory bank as a unit of storage determined both by the physical hardware of the RAM module and by the way in which the memory controller organizes it.
Each time the memory controller accesses any location in a bank, it must then wait for some amount of time before accessing another location within that bank. If an operation calls for physically adjacent memory addresses to be accessed successively, defined as a “contiguous” operation, the memory controller will have to wait between accessing each memory address.
If, however, the addresses are spread out among multiple memory banks, the memory controller can access one address and then move on to the next address, located in a different bank, without waiting for access. This process is known as interleaving.
Just as the memory controller can perform interleaving with memory banks, it can also do so with multiple ranks.
For example, the controller can send write data to one rank while it awaits read data previously selected from another rank. While the write data is consumed from the data bus, the other rank could perform read-related operations such as the internal transfer of the data to the output drivers.
Once the bus is free, the RAM module can drive out the read data. In this way, overhead associated with multiple ranks is mitigated.
The memory controller accesses RAM by a unit called a page. While being used by the memory controller the page is open.
Multi-rank modules allow several open pages simultaneously. This increases the likelihood that the memory controller will access a page that is already open.
This can provide a performance boost, since the memory controller may not have to reopen the page before accessing it. With that being said, it’s important to note that any possible performance boost is highly dependent on (1) the application and (2) the specific memory controller and its ability to take advantage of open pages.
Compatibility Issues With Mixing Ranks
Can you mix RAM modules of different ranks? The short answer to this question is yes, however there are some possible pitfalls. Many motherboards have specific requirements for what order the different rank modules are installed; if these requirements are violated the memory may not function as expected or at all.
Additionally, if ranks are mixed, the interleaving behavior of the memory controller may revert to that of the lowest rank.
For example, if a single rank module and a dual rank module are installed in the same system, the memory controller may interleave as though all modules are single rank. This could negate the performance boost of having dual rank modules.
Hopefully this guide helped to dispel the mystery of “single-sided” and “double-sided” RAM while familiarizing you with the concept of rank and how it may affect your system.
It’s important to reiterate that the number of sides of a RAM module populated with chips is inconsequential. Rather, we are concerned with the rank of the module.
While there are some complex topics involved in its use, rank is primarily a way for RAM module manufacturers to fit more RAM chips onto a single module.
And while there is a small amount of overhead associated with accessing different ranks, interleaving and page access techniques employed by the memory controller largely mitigate this overhead.
What’s more, depending on your memory controller and the specific application, you may end up experiencing a performance boost with a multi-rank system.
Just be careful when mixing modules of different rank, as this may keep your memory controller from capitalizing on the added ranks.<|endoftext|>XS estensione file
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✅ Age of Empires III AI Settings
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✅ Hummingbird Exceed Startup File
XS file is a Hummingbird Exceed Startup File. Exceed is a full implementation of the X Window System including the Exceed X server and several additional components that provide complete X Window and TCP/IP functionality for Windows.
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Aiutateci valutando la nostra pagina XS su un sistema di valutazione a 5 stelle di seguito. (1 stella è scadente, 5 stelle è eccellente)<|endoftext|>Posted on Mar 26, 2013 11813
The swept-frequency oscillator offers an inexpensive source of discrete frequencies for use in testing digital circuits. In this configuration, the circuit generates an 80-second seguence of eight frequencies, dwelling for 10 seconds on each frequency. You can change the dwell time or the number of frequencies. Frequencies can range from 0.005 Hz to 1 MHz. The programmable crystal oscillators, PXOs, IC2 and IC4 can each generate 57 frequencies in response to an 8-bit external code.
IC2 contains a 1-MHz crystal and produces a 0.05-Hz output. IC4 contains a 600-kHz crystal; its output changes in response to the combined outputs of the 12-stage binary counter IC3 (Q1 and Q2) and the PXO IC2. To generate more frequencies, you can use one or more of IC3"s outputs, (Q3, Q4, Q5) to drive one or more of IC4"s inputs (P4, P5, P6). Similarly, you can rewire IC2 or drive it with other logic to control the duration of each frequency. IC1, a monostable multivibrator, provides a system reset. It initiates the sequence shown, beginning at 60 Hz, in response to a positive pulse.<|endoftext|>
Kabil'de sıcak saatler. Dün Savunma Bakanlığı'na yapılan ve 29 kişinin öldüğü çifte bombalı saldırı sonrası gece şehir merkezine büyük bir saldırı daha gerçekleştirdi. Şehir merkezinde Sahre New caddesindeki bir iş merkezine bomba yüklü araçla yapılan saldırı sonrası 20'ye yakın Taliban mensubu ile Afgan gevenlik güçleri arasındaki çatışmlar devam etti.
Afgan Güvenlik güçleri şehri ve caddeyi kordon altına almak için Taliban mensuplarınca çatıştı. Gece sabaha kadar silah ve patlama seslerinin yükseldi.
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question about where life in the universe comes from.
By launching such a big telescope astronomers believe they would finally be able to see the smaller planets instead of (basically) using context clues to figure them out, as they do now.
“A story is unfolding,” Batalha said. “It’s a story that takes a long time — these really big endeavors humanity undertakes take a lot of time to plan and execute.”<|endoftext|>Steganography is the practice of concealing a secret message within another, ordinary, message. Commonly, steganography is used to unobtrusively hide a small message within the noisy regions of a larger image. In this study, we attempt to place a full size color image within another image of the same size. Deep neural networks are simultaneously trained to create the hiding and revealing processes and are designed to specifically work as a pair. The system is trained on images drawn randomly from the ImageNet database, and works well on natural images from a wide variety of sources. Beyond demonstrating the successful application of deep learning to hiding images, we carefully examine how the result is achieved and explore extensions. Unlike many popular steganographic methods that encode the secret message within the least significant bits of the carrier image, our approach compresses and distributes the secret image’s representation across all of the available bits.<|endoftext|>واکنش جالب مورینیو به انتقاد هواداران تاتنهام
ژوزه مورینیو، سرمربی تاتنهام به انتقادهای اخیر برخی هواداران این تیم واکنش نشان داد....
به گزارش مدال، با توجه به مصدومیت هری کین و سون هیونگ مین، برخی هواداران تاتنهام معتقدند ژوزه مورینیو باید به تروی پاروت، مهاجم جوان این تیم بازی دهد. اما سرمربی پرتغالی مدعی شد بسیاری حتی این بازیکن را نمی شناسند و چنین درخواستی دارند.
ژوزه مورینیو گفت: "در حال حاضر دله آلی در ترکیب تاتنهام بیشترین بازیکنی است که ویژگی هایش به یک مهاجم شماره ۹ شباهت دارد. گاهی اوقات دله آلی، گاهی لوکاس مورا و بعضی وقت ها نیز تروی پاروت می توانند در این پست قرار گیرند.
آیا دله آلی در این لحظه خوشحال ترین فرد است؟ نه، من هم خوشحال نیستم. اگر شما وقتی پیروز نشده اید خوشحال باشید یعنی چیزی به غلط پیش می رود. بنابراین دله آلی از شدت خوشحالی بالا و پایین نمی پرد، اما افسرده هم نیست و من هم نیستم. او مشتاقانه منتظر بازی کردن است و دوباره چهارشنبه به میدان خواهد رفت.
دیدار مقابل نوریچ دومین بازی از چرخه ای با چهار دیدار است که با مسابقه برابر لایپزیش به اتمام خواهد رسید. قطعا ما در سرحال ترین حالت ممکن برای دیدار با لایپزیش به آلمان سفر نخواهیم کرد، اما باید اطمینان داشته باشیم تیمی راهی آلمان می شود که به دنبال کسب مجوز صعود به دور بعد است."
مورینیو در واکنش به انتقادات در مورد بازی ندادن به تروی گپاروت، مهاجم جوان تیمش نیز به شوخی گفت: "در دنیایی هستیم که بسیاری از مردم حتی نمی دانند که آیا تروی موهای بلند یا کوتاهی دارد، یا موهایش بلوند است یا تیره است آنها حتی این را نمی دانند و در موردش صحبت می کنند. روز گذشته یک نفر پشت سر من پیاپی فریاد می زد: تروی، تروی، تروی، تروی، او باید بازی کند. من فکر می کنم او حتی تروی را نمی شناخت."<|endoftext|>Il Re di Malia ha un largo volto, radi capelli castani che gli scendono sulla fronte, profonde occhiaie, le mani curate e minute, occhi chiari piccoli e porcini. E’ l’ultimo erede dell’antica dinastia Alesiade che governa sull’isola-città di Alesia da tempo immemorabile e che si appropriò del Regno di Malia spodestando la dinastia precedente degli Altarocca. Da allora il Regno è sprofondato in una serie infinita di guerre civili. Tiberio IV è sempre stato dominato dall’anziana Regina Madre Venerata Alesiade, e nasconde accuratamente un segreto.
Araldica della Casa Alesiade e del Regno di Malia, di Lara Gramigni
“L’armatura di Re Tiberio invece era completamente aurea, e il sovrano portava un maestoso mantello di seta azzurra sulle spalle, con ricamata la grande aquila d’oro simbolo di Alesia e della sua dinastia.
La Corona d’Acciaio del Regno di Malia gli cingeva la fronte, splendida nella sua estrema semplicità.
…
Il largo volto di Tiberio IV, ultimo erede della dinastia, sembrava ora tranquillo e disteso, ma i radi capelli castani che gli scendevano sulla fronte erano intrisi di sudore, e sotto le palpebre un attento osservatore poteva notare profonde occhiaie.
Le mani curate e minute del Re, inconciliabili con il suo volto, giocherellavano nervosamente con le briglie, mentre i suoi occhi piccoli e porcini evitavano sistematicamente di incontrare lo sguardo degli altri.”<|endoftext|>功能：执政的保守政党危机重重...
使用说明：安倍将于3月19日22日访问欧洲
软件介绍：涉案人员包括韩国籍保安及当地工人报道称
都将进一步搅动韩国政局朴槿惠前途命运将见分晓经过总计17次庭审.
监狱一向给人简陋幽闭的感觉
以缓解中国游客的暂时减少带来的旅游产业冲击其核心是降低对华依存度
随着访韩中国游客大减...
印度官员透露...
主要功能：韩国旅游发展局称
软件名称：韩国国防部与乐天集团签署...
竟然还想在韩国部署另一个很可能会毁灭朝鲜半岛的超级武器……不过
高水平的原创性成果
医疗和其他难以计数的各类应用中
后者向马来西亚当局提供了要求协助调查的一些技术材料禁止化学武器组织也承诺将根据需要提供进一步协助声明中称
3届9年
枪支快速拆装射击
;从石油”“
这些雕刻图样都刻画着一条直线延伸至弧线中心中东地区的雕刻石画中从未出现类似图案<|endoftext|>L'Italia è seconda al mondo per efficienza energetica, un risultato di valore che fa di questo un paese-guida a livello mondiale. Efficienza energetica significa saper usare la minor quantità di energia per ottenere un determinato risultato di lavoro: un rapporto da poco rilasciato, realizzato dal Consiglio Americano per una economia ad energia-efficiente (ACEEE, che ha sede a Washington), analizza e classifica le 16 principali economie del mondo in base a politiche e prestazioni energetiche.
Il rapporto prende in considerazioni parametri quali gli obiettivi nazionali di risparmio annuo di energia, la regolamentazione per i veicoli a combustibile e i consumi medi per chilometro del parco veicoli, gli standard di efficienza energetica per gli elettrodomestici, il fabbisogno energetico degli edifici (riscaldamento e raffrescamento) e altri fattori più tecnici. Tutto ciò è stato poi tradotto in una scala con valore massimo 100.
AL PRIMO POSTO LA GERMANIA. Con 65 su 100 si è classificata al primo posto la Germania, al secondo posto l'Italia con 64 punti. Nelle graduatorie per settore l'Italia è prima nella categoria trasporti, la Germania per l'industria: vale la pena ricordare che proprio lo scorso maggio la Germania aveva stabilito un record mondiale nel generare il 74% del fabbisogno interno di energia da fonti rinnovabili e nel mese di giugno stava generando metà della sua richiesta energetica da fonte solare. La Cina, che nella classifica generale è al quarto posto, è prima nella categoria edifici ed è stata elogiata per i progressi nel perseguire l'efficienza energetica.
NEGATIVI STATI UNITI E AUSTRALIA. Tra i Paesi meno virtuosi ci sono Australia e Stati Uniti. Gli esperti che hanno lavorato allo studio la lentezza degli sforzi per migliorare l'efficienza energetica in questi due Paesi, elemento contraddittorio per economie così avanzate. Nella classifica generale gli Usa sono al 13° posto, con 42/100, battuti da Cina, Canada e India, ma davanti a Russia, Brasile e Messico. Appena meglio l'Australia, con 56/100.<|endoftext|>A study by Taylor and Kuo (2009), has found that time spent outside can help reduce the impact of ADHD symptoms. Not only that, but park environments seem to have more an impact that city settings.
Seventeen children with professionally-diagnosed ADHD, ages 7 to 12, experienced three different treatments. Two of the treatments consisted of a 20-minute guided walk in the city (one downtown, one in a neighborhood), while one treatment was a 20-minute guided walk through a city park. Each walk was done one week apart, and the order of the walks was randomized.
Children with ADHD had more improved scores of attention after walking in the park, compared to scores after both city walks. Raters were blinded as to what walk the children had experienced.
I've noticed in my practice that people with ADHD, regardless of age, tend to have an affinity for nature and the outdoors.<|endoftext|>خرید پله ای در بورس چیست؟
پیشتر توضیح دادیم که سرمایه گذاری در بورس می تواند مستقیم یا غیرمستقیم باشد و تفاوت آن ها را بیان کردیم. اما در این مقاله می خواهیم به یکی از روش های معامله مستقیم در بورس اشاره کنیم. شاید قبلاً این اصطلاح را در بین گفتگوهای فعالان بورس شنیده اید که بهتر است خرید سهام به صورت پله ای انجام شود، اما مفهوم آن چیست و چه مزایا و معایبی در خرید پله ای وجود دارد؟ در ادامه نکاتی را درباره خرید پله ای با هم مطالعه خواهیم کرد.
خرید پله ای به زبان ساده یعنی اینکه خرید سهام در چند مرحله و با فواصل زمانی یا در قیمت های متفاوت انجام گیرد. گاهی اوقات برخی سرمایه گذاران زمانی که از پتانسیل رشد یک سهم آگاهی دارند اما از وضعیت کوتاه مدت آن اطمینان ندارد، خرید های خود را به بخش های مختلف تقسیم می کنند.
با این روش معامله، در هر بار، بخشی از سرمایه برای انجام سفارش وارد بازار می شود. به این ترتیب اگر تحلیل و تصمیم معامله گر اشتباه بود، ضرر زیادی را متحمل نخواهد شد، زیرا با همه دارایی خود وارد بازار نشده است.
بنابراین می توان خرید پله ای را خرید مرحله به مرحله دانست که یک روش معاملاتی برای جبران ضرر است. به این نکته باید دقت کرد که جبران ضرر با کاهش ریسک متفاوت است. زیرا خرید پله ای اگر به درستی صورت نگیرد می تواند ریسک معامله را افزایش دهد.
کاهش میانگین خرید (خرید پله ای در صورت افت قیمت)
کم کردن میانگین خرید (averaging down) شرایطی است که پس از خرید یک سهم، قیمت آن افت می کند و سرمایه گذار در قیمت پایین تری آن سهام را دوباره خریداری می کند.
نکته قابل توجه آن که استرانژی کم کردن میانگین باید پس از تحلیل یک سهم بر اساس روش های مختلف (تکنیکال، بنیادی) انجام شود و بدون داشتن تحلیل مناسب، نباید اقدام به اتخاذ این استراتژی کرد. هدف از اینکار کاهش متوسط قیمت خرید است، اما آیا اینکار به سود بیشتر منجر می شود یا اینکه تنها باعث زیان بیشتر خواهد شد؟
نظرات گوناگون
نظرات مختلفی در مورد خرید پله ای سهام در بین سرمایه گذاران و معامله گران وجود دارد. طرفداران این روش، معتقدند که کم کردن میانگین خرید با خرید پله ای، روشی مناسب برای سرمایه گذاری است. اما مخالفان اعتقاد دارند این روش تنها به فاجعه و ضرر بزرگ تر ختم می شود.
اغلب کسانی که طرفدار این روش هستند دیدگاه بلندمدتی به سرمایه گذاری دارند و بر خلاف روند قیمت آن سهم یا آن دارایی عمل می کنند. برای مثال، فرض کنید یک سرمایه گذار با دیدگاه بلندمدت سهام شرکت فولاد خوزستان را خریداری کرده و اعتقاد دارد که چشم انداز این شرکت مثبت است. در صورتی که قیمت سهام این شرکت افت کند، این سرمایه گذار تمایل دارد به این افت قیمت به عنوان فرصتی برای خرید بنگرد و احتمالا سایرین را به داشتن دیدگاه بدبینانه نسبت به چشم انداز بلندمدت این شرکت متهم می کند.
چنین سرمایه گذارانی اقدام خودشان را به عنوان "خرید یک کالای تخفیف دار" در نظر می گیرند و اغلب چنین می گویند که "اگر شما سهام را در قیمت 300 تومان مناسب دیدید و آن را خریداری کردید، حالا که به 250 تومان رسیده باید خوشحال باشید، زیرا مانند یک کالای تخفیف خورده است و می توانید مقدار بیشتری از آن خریداری کنید"
در سمت دیگر، سرمایه گذاران و معامله گرانی هستند که معمولا دیدگاه کوتاه مدت تری دارند و کاهش قیمت سهام را پیش زمینه اتفاقات بدتر در آینده می دانند. این معامله گران به جای اینکه خلاف روند وارد بازار شوند، تمایل دارند در مسیر روند معامله کنند. این افراد اغلب خرید سهام در حال افت را به چاقوی در حال افتادن تشبیه می کنند و می گویند "هیچ گاه سعی نکنید چاقوی در حال سقوط را بگیرید". این نوع از معامله گران و سرمایه گذاران تمایل دارند برای توجیه تصمیمات شان در سرمایه گذاری، به اندیکاتورهای تکنیکال مانند price momentum تکیه کنند.
اگر همان سرمایه گذار با دیدگاه کوتاه مدت سهام ایران خودرو را در 300 تومان خریده باشد، شاید حدضرر خود را روی 250 تومان قرار دهد و در صورتی که قیمت به پایین تر از این رقم برسد، سهام خود را بفروشد. چنین سرمایه گذارانی که دیدگاه کوتاه مدت دارند علاقه ای به کم کردن میانگین نشان نمی دهند زیرا کاهش میانگین را اضافه کردن سرمایه به یک سرمایه گذاری بد می دانند.
مزایای کاهش میانگین خرید
اصلی ترین مزیت کاهش میانگین خرید با خرید پله ای این است که سرمایه گذار می تواند میانگین قیمت خرید سهام را تا حد زیادی کاهش دهد و در صورتی که قیمت سهم رشد کند، به دلیل وجود قیمت سربه سر کمتر، سریعتر به سود برسد و به دلیل اینکه قیمت خرید او کاهش یافته، میزان سود نیز افزایش یابد. (در حالی که اگر میانگین خرید خود را کم نمی کرد و قیمت بالاتر از قیمت خرید اولیه می رسید، سود کمتری به دست می آورد)
برای اینکه این موضوع برای شما شفاف شود فرض کنید شخص 10000 سهم ایران خودرو با قیمت 300 تومان در پرتفوی خود دارد و حالا که قیمت به 250 تومان رسیده، دوباره 10000 سهم دیگر را خریداری می کند. با اینکار میانگین خرید به 275 تومان می رسد:
10,000 برگه سهم 300 تومانی = 3,000,000 تومان
10,000 برگه سهم 250 تومانی = 2,500,000 تومان
جمعا 20000 برگه سهم با جمع خرید 5,500,000 تومان
متوسط قیمت خرید هر برگه سهم = 275 تومان
فرض A: اگر قیمت سهام ایران خودرو به 290 تومان برسد، سرمایه گذار در صورت فروش سهم، سود 300 هزار تومانی را به دست می آورد:
فروش 20000 سهم در قیمت 290 تومان = 5,800,000 تومان
جمع مبلغ خرید = 5,500,000 تومان
سود به دست آمده: 300,000 تومان
فرض B: اگر قیمت سهام ایران خودرو به رشد خود ادامه دهد و به 310 تومان برسد، سرمایه گذار در صورت فروش سهم، سود 700 هزار تومانی را به دست می آورد:
فروش 20000 سهم در قیمت 310 تومان = 7,200,000 تومان
جمع مبلغ خرید = 5,500,000 تومان
سود به دست آمده: 700,000 تومان
اما اگر شخص اقدام به کم کردن میانگین خرید نکرده بود در فرض A نه تنها سودی به دست نمی آورد بلکه ارزش هر سهم 10 تومان از ارزش خرید وی کمتر بود و در فرض B نیز سودی که به دست می آورد 200,000 تومان بود.
معایب کاهش میانگین خرید
کم کردن میانگین خرید با خرید دوبرابر همان سهم در زمانی که قیمت سهم در نهایت رشد می کند استراتژی خوبی است اما مشکل اینجاست که نمی توان بازار را به راحتی پیش بینی کرد و اگر قیمت سهم کاهش یابد، زیانی که سرمایه گذار متحمل شده بیشتر خواهد شد.
بنابراین سرمایه گذاران باید بسیار مراقب باشند و ریسک کاهش میانگین قیمت خرید را در نظر بگیرند. البته اینکار در اغلب مواقع ساده نیست و موضوع زمانی حادتر می شود که بازار با یک روند نزولی هیجانی روبرو شود.
عیب دیگر کم کردن میانگین با خرید پله ای، بهم خوردن توازن پرتفوی یا سبد دارایی است. به عنوان مثال اگر یک سرمایه گذار تصمیم گرفته که 25 درصد از پرتفوی خود را به سهام پرریسک و پرنوسان اختصاص دهد، اگر شخص بازهم از این سهام خریداری کند درصد پرتفوی وی برای این دارایی افزایش خواهد یافت و توازن سبد خرید بهم خواهد خورد.
توصیه های کاربردی
برخی از بزرگ ترین سرمایه گذاران دنیا، از جمله وارن بافت، از استراتژی کاهش میانگین خرید طی سال ها استفاده کرده اند. البته قبول داریم که سرمایه یک سرمایه گذار متوسط به اندازه سرمایه وارن بافت نیست، با این حال کاهش میانگین خرید در صورت پیاده سازی صحیح و در نظر گرفتن نکات زیر می تواند یک استراتژی سودآور باشد:
نکته 1: نباید برای همه سهام موجود در پرتفوی، خرید پله ای را با هدف کاهش میانگین خرید انجام داد. کاهش میانگین خرید باید فقط برای تعداد خاصی از سهام شرکت ها که بنیاد قوی دارند به کار رود.
چنین شرکت هایی در بازه زمانی چندین ساله ثابت کرده اند که دارای جایگاه رقابتی قوی، بدهی کم، جریان پول مناسب و مدیریت
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皮博迪（泰·布利尔 Ty Burrell 配音）是一条不同凡响的小狗，它具有尽伦非常的高智商，是以注定具有悬殊于同类的“狗生”。它持有哈梵学位，成功开辟了新能源，美满解决地缘政治，还创建了属于本身的公司。皮博迪偶尔机缘下收养了和它有着近似履历的人类小孤儿舍曼（麦克斯·查尔斯 Max Charles 配音），它犹如慈父一般悉心教育着他的儿子，并操纵本身开辟的光阴机带舍曼回到将来每个主要时刻，切身履历书本上死板的汗青事务。转眼舍曼到了上学的春秋，他丰硕的汗青常识获得教员表彰，却也引来傲岸的小姑娘佩妮·彼”
回复 闫晓琼: 这部《藏龙》一旁的伊藤菜菜子，此时已经兴奋的手舞足蹈，一把抱住宋婉婷的腰，开心的说：婉婷姐姐，你真是太好了
回复 沙尔曼·乔希 : 这与他原本孤儿的背景相去甚远。。<|endoftext|>We hear about the major battles and campaigns carried out by the British, Germans, Japanese and the Americans during World War II, historians and authors have argued about their authenticity for years. Most of this material has been done over and over again. But what about those smaller events and stories of the war that have never been publicized? This chapter is compiled for virtually everyone with an interest in the wars of 1937-1945 and presented in a concentrated form for students who now have an understandable fascination about WWII, the greatest conflict ever fought by man. No previous war ever ended like this one with the unconditional surrender of the enemy and the subsequent occupation of his entire country.
This is a story of man's inhumanity to man. World War 11 clearly qualifies it as the most heinous atrocity in all recorded history. There were men and women involved in these events that were just as important as those that took part in the big campaigns. Here are some of those lesser-known facts that you may be unfamiliar with and are seldom, if at all, mentioned in official history books.
THE FIRST SHOT
The first shot of World War II in Europe was fired 20 years, 9 months, 19 days and 18 hours after the last shot of World War I was fired. It was fired from the 13,000 ton German gunnery training battleship Schleswig Holstein (Captain Gustav Kleikamp) which was on a visit to Poland to honour the sailors lost on the German cruiser Magdeburg sunk in 1914, some of whom were buried in Danzig. It was anchored in Danzig (now Gdansk) harbour at the mouth of the River Vistula. At 4.30 am on September 1, 1939, the ship moved slowly down the Port Canal and took up position opposite the Westerplatte (an area containing Polish troop barracks, munition storage and workshops) and at 4.47 am, at point blank range, the order to "Fire!" was given. World War II had begun. Seven days later, on September 7, after a heroic defence by Major Henryk Sucharski and his troops, and a devastating attack by Stuka dive bombers, the 209 man strong Westerplatte Garrison surrendered. Losses were 14 men killed and 53 wounded. A Polish soldier, Staff Sergeant Wojciech Nazsarek was killed by machine gun fire, becoming the first Polish victim of the war.
The Schleswig Holstein berthed at Gdynia (Gotenhafen) till the end of the war. Attacked by the RAF on December 18, 1944, twenty eight crew members were killed. Attacked again in March, 1945, the burning ship was scuttled near the port on March 21.
TRIGGER OF THE WAR
Hitler's revenge for Germany's defeat of 1918 brought about the cataclysm that was Europe between 1939 and 1945. The incident which triggered World War II was the fake simulated attack by the Germans on their own radio station near Gleiwitz on the Polish border. To make it appear that the attacking force consisted of Poles, SS officer Alfred Naujocks secured some condemned German criminals from a nearby concentration (protective custody) camp and dressed them in Polish uniforms before being shot and their bodies placed in strategic positions around the radio station. A Polish-speaking German then did a broadcast from the station to make it appear that Poland had attacked first. On January 26, 1934, Germany and Poland signed a ten year non-aggression pact but the refusal of Poland to comply with Germany's request for the return of Danzig and the Polish Corridor, which was granted to Poland in the Treaty of Versailles in 1919, led to the Gleiwitz incident. Hitler had stated 'Danzig was German and sooner or later would return to Germany'.
This gave Hitler the excuse he needed to invade Poland, which he did on September 1, 1939, an act which was to develop into a war embracing 56 nations and causing the deaths of some 55,014,000 persons, military and civilians. About 85 million men and women of all nationalities served as combatants in this, the world's first total war, in which more than twice as many civilians died than did uniformed soldiers.
Three days later in Britain, one and a half million civilians were successfully evacuated from the largest cities into the country. Also on this day, Britain, France, India, Australia and New Zealand, declared war on Germany. In the House of Commons Prime Minister Chamberlain said with a trembling voice 'For no one has it been a sadder day than for me, everything I worked for has crashed in ruins'. On October 19, 1939, Hitler incorporates the western half of Poland into the German Reich. In the town of Bydgoszez the German 111 Corps units found hundreds of German residents massacred in their homes by the Poles fleeing to the east to be succumbed there to the Russian forces. About 694,000 Poles were captured by the Germans. On September 18, German forces joined up with the Soviet Russian forces which had invaded from the east (In spite of a non-aggression treaty signed on November 27, 1932) and quickly formed plans to divide Poland up between them along the Brest-Litovsk line. Germany obtained an area of around 73,000 square miles, the Russians about 78,000. In its invasion of eastern Poland the Russians lost 737 men. (The campaign in Poland cost the Germans 13,111 killed or missing and 27,278 wounded.)
In London's three largest prisons, Wandsworth, Pentonville and Wormwood Scrubs, all prisoners (about 1,000) with less than three months to serve were pardoned and released, each given five shillings and their civilian clothing returned to them. Prisoners with longer sentences were transferred to other prisons outside London. A few of the empty cells at Wormwood Scrubs were taken over by the Radio Security Service (R. S. S.) to detect enemy agents supposedly operating a radio guidance system for communicating with Germany. Two of the personnel working at the R.S.S. actually managed to crack low grade German cyphers even before the setup at Bletchley Park began operating.
FIRST ALLIED SHOT
The first Allied shot of the war in the Far East was actually fired over the bows of the Australian coaster Woniora (Captain F. N. Smale) from a twin 6-inch gun emplacement at Point Nepean, guarding the entrance to Melbourne's Port Phillip Bay. The 823 ton coaster had entered the bay at 9.15 pm on September 3, 1939, after a trip from Tasmania. Ordered to heave-to for inspection, the coaster gave her identity but continued on without stopping. A 100 lb shell, fired across her bow, soon changed her captain's mind.
By a remarkable coincidence, this was the actual, same guns that had fired the first shot of World War I when, hours after war was declared, it fired on the German Norddeutscher Lloyd 6,500 ton steamer Pfalz while it attempted to leave Australian waters on August 5, 1914. The Pfalz was then returned to Williamstown where the crew was detained. The captured vessel served out the rest of World War I as the Australian troopship HMT Boorara.
GERMAN WORKERS PARTY
In 1919, over forty different political parties existed in and around Munich. The German Workers Party was founded by 35 year old railway locksmith, Anton Drexler. In all, its membership was around fifty. To give the impression that the number was higher, membership cards started at number 500. When Hitler joined the party he was given number 555. This was on September 12, 1919, when he attended a meeting in the Sterneckerbrau Tavern in Munich. (On the Party membership form he signed his name as Hittler) In February 24, 1920, at its first mass meeting in the Hofbräuhaus the party expanded its name to the Nationalist Socialist German Workers Party. Popular name at the time was 'Nazi Party'. Its membership at this time had risen to 3,000. It was the American socialists who promoted the straight-arm salute inside the USA in 1892 in the original pledge of allegiance to the US flag. This form of salute was copied by all German Socialist Party members who never called themselves 'Nazis'. The only thing Hitler ever said concerning the swastika was in 1920, when he decided that the National Socialist German Workers Party needed its own insignia.
First formed by Anton Drexler in Munich in 1919. Hitler was the 55th person to join the party then called the German Workers Party. In 1930 there were 129,583 members of the National Socialist German Workers Party or Nazi Party for short - (NAtionalsoZIalstische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei - NSDAP). The word 'Nazi' is an acronym formed from the first syllable of NAtional and the second syllable of SoZIalstische. This practice was common in the Third Reich, even before the Nazi Government came to power. Another example being 'Gestapo' (Geheime Staatspolizei) and 'Kripo' for the Kriminalpolizei. The word 'Nazi' however was rarely used by Hitler or his followers. By 1933 membership of the Nazi Party had jumped to 849,009 and in the early war years this had reached to more than five million.
THE ANCIENT SWASTIKA SYMBOL
The Swastika is a very old sacred symbol from near-prehistoric times and referred to in Germany as the Hakenkreuz. There is no evidence that Hitler ever used the word “Swastika”. It was traditionally a sign of good fortune and well-being, its name is derived from the Sanskrit 'su' meaning 'well' and 'asti' meaning 'being'. For thousands of years the Swastika symbol had given courage, hope and security to millions. It predates all former known religions and it is well-known in Hindu and Buddhist cultures and used by the Aryan nomads of India in the Second Millennium B.C. Unfortunately, Nazism has turned the Swastika into a hate symbol. Hitler displayed the symbol on a red background 'to win over the worker' and it had an hypnotic effect on all those who supported the Nazi movement. In his book Mein Kampf, Hitler wrote "In the red we see the social idea of the movement, in the white, the Nationalist idea and in the Hakenkreuz the vision of the struggle for the victory of the Aryan man."
The Black, Red and Gold flag of the Weimar Republic was abolished on March 12, 1933, and replaced with the Black, White and Red tricolour flag which had been the flag of Imperial Germany, the 'Second Reich, 1871-1918. On September 15, 1935, the Swastika was incorporated into the Third Reich flag and became the official national flag. (The Soviet Union's red flag with its Hammer and Sickle represents an ideology that has been responsible for ten times as many deaths as Nazism. Why is this symbol not equally reviled and shunned?)
(In Ontario, Canada, there is a small mining town named Swastika. In 1911, two brother's discovered gold at a nearby lake and named the mine after a visitors good luck charm, a swastika. When World War II broke out, Ontario changed the name to 'Winston' after the British wartime leader. The name change did not please the residents who removed the sign and replaced it with the original and other signs saying 'To hell with Hitler, we came up with our name first'. The name Swastika, stayed. The new sign read: Swastika, Population 545.)
WHY THE 'THIRD' REICH?
This was the name for the Nazi period of government from January 1933 to May 1945. The official name was "Deutsches Reich" or (only from 1943 on) "Grossdeutsches Reich".
Hitler's "Thousand Year Reich" created amid boasts that it would endure for a thousand years actually ended up lasting only 12 years, 4 months, and 8 days (2,191 days).
The original title of Hitler's 'Mein Kampf' was 'My 4 & 1/2 Year Struggle, against Lies, Stupidity and Cowardice'. The first part was written while he was incarcerated in Landsberg prison after the 1923 Beer-Hall Putsch. His publisher, Max Amann, later changed the title to Mein Kampf (My Struggle). The first volume was published on July 18, 1925. By 1939, the book had sold over 5 million copies, making Hitler a millionaire. Up to 1945, the book had a total printing of just over 10,000,000 copies, outsold only by the Bible. His official salary was 60,000 Marks per annum. In 1934, Hitler declared his income for 1933 as 1,232,355 Marks but the tax on 600,000 of this amount was never paid. Most of this was from royalties from his book. He also received a fraction of a cent for every postage stamp sold bearing his image. Today, the rights to Hitler's 'Mein Kampf' is owned by the Finance Amt Bayern. (Bavarian Finance Office.)
The most prestigious of Nazi decorations was the 'Blutorden', (Blood Order) Blood imagery was a technique used by Hitler and among its uses were 'Blut und Boden' (Blood and Soil), 'Blutschande' (Blood Shame), referring to intermarriage, and Blutfahne (Blood Banner) the primary flag of the Nazi Party used at most rituals. This flag was supposed to have been drenched in the blood of the martyrs who died during the Beer-Hall Putsch in 1923. Party colours were consecrated by Hitler touching them with one hand and grasping the Blutfahne with the other.
HITLER'S FATHER, ALOIS SCHICKELGRUBER (1837-1903)
Born in Strones, Austria, he was the illegitimate son of a Johann Georg Hiedler and his peasant girl friend, Anna Marie Schickelgruber. In May 1842, they became man and wife but Alois continued to use his mother's name. He was brought up by his father's brother Johann Hiedler who, in 1876, took steps to legitimize Alois who then started to use the name Hitler. A witness at Alois's legitimization was a relative by the name of Johann Hüttler and it is possible that Alois used the name after the parish priest confused the two names Hiedler and Hüttler and wrote 'Hitler' in the registry. By this time Alois was thirty-nine years old. After his mother died his father married for the third time on January 7, 1885, to his second cousin, Klara Poelzl (1860-1908) twenty-three years younger than he. Alois and Klara Hitler became the parents of Adolfus Hitler. Klara bore her husband five children, three of whom died young: Gustav (1885-1887), Ida (1886-1888), Adolf (1889-1945), Edmund (1894-1900) and Paula (1896-1960). Their mother died following an operation for breast cancer on December 21, 1907.
One hour and fifty minutes after Britain declared war on Germany, a Bristol Blenheim fighter-bomber, piloted by Pilot Officer John Noel Isaac of 600 Squadron, crashed on Heading Street in Hendon near London at 12.50pm. P/O John Isaac became the first British military subject to die in the Second World War. On September 6, 1939, just three days after Britain went to war with Germany, a young Shropshire pilot, John Hulton-Harrop, age 26, became the first operational casualty of Fighter Command when he was shot down in a tragic case of 'Friendly Fire' soon after he took off from North Weald fighter station. The first Prisoner Of War was Sergeant George Booth, an RAF observer with 107 Squadron. He was captured when his Bristol Blenheim was shot down over the German coast on September 4, 1939.
An alliance of the two countries, Germany and Italy. Benito Mussolini, the dictator of Fascist Italy, first used the term in 1923 when he wrote 'The axis of European history runs through Berlin.' After his meeting with Hitler in October, 1936, at Berchtesgaden, he used the term again in a speech at Milan in November when he said "This vertical line between Rome and Berlin is not a partition but rather an axis round which all European states animated by the will to collaboration and peace can also collaborate." (The grave of Mussolini is in the San Cassiano Cemetery in Predappio.)
A group of people whose language is derived from a common source. They came from Eastern Europe and Central Asia but their parent tongue is now extinct. Some of these nomadic tribes eventually reached northern India and settled there around 1500 B.C. to enjoy the warmer climate. Others went further west and settled in Europe. However, their language gave rise to Sanskrit, the ancient language of the Hindus, who called themselves Aryans meaning 'Noble'. This form of speech is allied to Persian, Greek, Latin, and the languages spoken by the Germanic, Celtic and Slavonic races who are now called Aryans but they are not a race. An 'Aryan' race does not exist!
A"BIG BROTHER" SYSTEM AHEAD OF ITS TIME?
Early in Hitler's career, Germany was divided into 42 districts called 'Gaue'. Each Gau was supervised by a District Leader (Gauleiter) e.g. the Gauleiter for Berlin was Dr Joseph Geobbels. Each Gau was subdivided into circuits (Kreise) led by a Kreisleiter (Circuit Leader). Berlin had 10 Kreise
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2
货币和比例 14.2 ％的
％的
开始偿还预付款 14.2(a) 当减去暂定金额支付为接受的合同款额的 ％时
预付款分期偿还率 14.2(b) ％
保留金百分比 14.3 ％
保留金限额 14.3 接受的合同款额的 ％
如果第14.5款适用：
工程设备和材料
在运往现场途中的支付 14.5(b) [列明]
[列明]
工程设备和材料
运至现场时的支付 14.5(c) [列明]
[列明]
期中支付证书的
最低金额 14.6 接受的合同款额的 ％
如果仅用投标文件第一页上注明的一种或几种货币支付；
支付的货币（一种或几种） 14.15 如投标文件中所示
投标文件签字人姓名缩写
如果使用投标文件第一页上没有注明的一种或几种货币支付；
支付的货币 14.15
货币单位
用此货币支付的百分比
汇率：当地币/每单位外币
当地币： [名称]
1.0000
外币： [名称]
[名称]
提交有关保险文件的期限：
（a） 保险证明 18.1 天
（b） 有关保险单 18.1 天
对雇主的风险保险的
最大可减数额 18.2(d)
第三方保险的最小金额 18.3
指定争端裁决委员会成员的日期 20.2 开工日期后28天
争端裁决委员会应为 20.2 或：一名成员/裁决员
或： 三名成员组成的争端裁决委员会
(如未达成一致意见)，
争端裁决委员会由 提名 20.3 FIDIC总裁或由他任命的人员
如有区段：
区段的定义
说明
(条款18.104.22.168)
竣工时间
(条款22.214.171.124)
损害赔偿费
(条款8.7)
[在上面附录中，斜体部分旨在帮助特殊合同的起草者，向他们提供编制特殊合同的有关规定的指南。在招标文件中，不应包括斜体部分，因为对投标者来说，它一般是不适用的。]
投标文件签字人姓名缩写
合同协议书
本协议书于19 年 月 日由 (以下简称“雇主”)为一方与 (以下简称“承包商”)为另一方签订。
鉴于雇主欲使承包商实施一项名为 的工程，并已接受了承包商提出的承担该工程的实施、完成以及修补其任何缺陷的投标文件
雇主与承包商协议如下：
1. 本协议书中的措词和用语具有的含义应与下文提及的合同条件中分别赋予它们的含义相同。
2. 下列文件应被认为是组成本协议书的一部分，并应被作为其一部分阅读和理解。
（a） 日的中标函；
（b） 日的投标文件；
（c） 编号 的补遗；
（d） 合同条件；
（e） 规范；
（f） 图纸；
以及
（g） 已完成的资料表。
3. 考虑到下文提及的雇主付给承包商的各项款额，承包商特此立约向雇主保证遵守合同的各项规定，恰当地实施和完成工程，并修补其任何缺陷。
4. 雇主特此立约，保证在合同规定的时间内并以合同规定的方式向承包商支付合同价格，以作为本工程实施、竣工及修补其任何缺陷的报酬。
特此立据。本协议书于上面所定的日期，由合同双方根据各自的法律签署订立，开始执行。
由 签名 由 签名
作为或代表雇主 作为或代表承包商
证明人： 证明人：
姓名： 姓名：
地址： 地址：
日期： 日期：
争端裁决协议书
〖对于一人DAB〗
合同名称和详细内容
雇主名称和地址
承包商名称和地址
成员名称和地址
鉴于雇主和承包商已经签订了合同并且希望共同指定作为唯一的仲裁员的成员，或称“DAB”
雇主、承包商及该成员共同达成以下协议：
1． 争端裁决协议条件包括“争端裁决协议一般条件”(附在FIDIC 1999年出版的“施工合同条件”第1版一般条件后)和以下规定。在这些包括对争端裁决一般条件修改和补充的规定中，措词和短语的含义与其在争端裁决协议中的含义相同。
2． 〖对争端裁决协议的具体修改，如有时。
例如：
在附于争端裁决协议一般条件后的程序规则中，删除第 条规则并代之以：“……”〗
3． 根据争端裁决协议一般条件第6条，该成员应得到如下支付：
每月 聘金，
加上每天 日工资。
4． 鉴于雇主和承包商按照争端裁决协议一般条件第6条支付了上述薪金和其它款项，该成员应承担按照争端裁决协议作为DAB(仲裁员)工作的义务。
5． 根据上述工作实施情况，雇主和承包商共同和各自承担按照争端裁决协议一般条件第6条向成员支付的义务。
6． 本争端裁决协议受 法律的约束。
由 签名 由 签名 由 签名
作为或代表雇主 作为或代表承包商 在场成员
证明人： 证明人： 证明人：
姓名： 姓名： 姓名：
地址： 地址： 地址：
日期： 日期： 日期：
争端裁决协议书
〖对于三人DAB中的每位成员〗
合同名称和详细内容
雇主名称和地址
承包商名称和地址
成员名称和地址
鉴于雇主和承包商已经签订了合同并且希望共同指定作为三人中的一名成员，该三人被称为“DAB”〖并希望该成员担任DAB的主席〗
雇主、承包商及成员共同达成以下协议：
1． 争端裁决协议条件包括“争端裁决协议一般条件”(附在FIDIC1999年出版的“施工合同条件”第1版一般条件后)和以下规定。在这些包括对争端裁决一般条件修改和补充的规定中，措词和短语的含义与其在争端裁决协议中的含义相同。
2． 〖对争端裁决协议的具体修改，如有时。
例如：
在附于争端裁决协议一般条件后的程序规则中，删除第 条规则并代之以：“……”〗
3． 根据争端裁决协议一般条件第6条，成员应得到如下支付：
每月 聘金，
加上每天 日工资。
4． 鉴于雇主和承包商按照争端裁决协议一般条件第6条支付了上述薪金和其它款项，该成员承担争端裁决协议中规定的义务，作为三名共同组成DAB人员中的一员进行工作。
5． 根据上述工作实施情况，雇主和承包商共同和各自承担按照争端裁决协议一般条件第6条向成员支付的义务。
6． 本争端裁决协议受 法律的约束。
由 签名 由 签名 由 签名
作为或代表雇主 作为或代表承包商 在场成员
证明人： 证明人： 证明人：
姓名： 姓名： 姓名：
地址： 地址： 地址：
日期： 日期： 日期：<|endoftext|>About Streptococcus pneumoniae
Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major pathogen found largely in the respiratory tract. Humans are the only known host and anywhere from 5 to 95% of the population may be asymptomatically colonized at any one time. Such carriers are the principal reservoir for transmission of the bacterium in the community. Nasopharyngeal carriage is a dynamic process, with the number of bacteria usually kept under control by the innate and acquired immune defences of the host. If this delicate balance is disturbed, however, the bacteria can invade deeper tissues and result in a spectrum of diseases including pneumonia, bacteraemia, meningitis, otitis media and sinusitis.
Streptococcus pneumoniae exists as 100 different serotypes distinguishable by the capsular polysaccharides expressed on the bacterial surface. Each serotype is immunologically different, such that most of the vaccines under development need to be targeted to each specific serotype. While polysaccharide conjugate vaccines (PCVs) have been highly effective against the serotypes that they cover, serotypes not covered by these vaccines often increase in prevalence (a phenomenon called serotype replacement), thereby offsetting reductions in disease burden and resulting in these vaccines becoming less effective over time.
While Streptococcus pneumoniae is sensitive to penicillin, resistance to penicillin and many other antibiotics has increased such that there is now a high rate of resistance. This leaves vaccination as a critical tool in disease control.
We have developed a reproducible and scaled-up manufacturing process to GMP standard using state-of-the-art microbial fermentation and irradiation facilities in Australia. Our manufacturing process is vastly simpler and more cost-effective compared to the manufacture of polysaccharide conjugate vaccines, which require hundreds of process steps and over two years to complete a single batch. A GLP toxicology study commenced in Q2 2022 and we are planning a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, sequential ascending-dose study to evaluate the acute safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of Gamma-PN™ in comparison to Prevnar 13® and Pneumovax 23® in healthy adults aged 50-64 years of age. This clinical study will be conducted in Australia commencing in 2023.<|endoftext|>By Yaron Steinbuch
(NEW YORK POST) — As if the novel coronavirus isn’t enough to worry about, a disease that caused the Black Death and killed some 50 million people in the 14th century has raised its ugly head again, according to a report.
Officials in China are on high alert after a case of bubonic plague was discovered in the Inner Mongolia autonomous region, the BBC reported.
A herdsman in the city of Bayannur — about 560 miles northwest of Beijing — is in stable condition under quarantine, while a second suspected case involving a 15-year-old is being investigated, according to the outlet, which cited local media.
It is unclear how or why the herdsman might have become infected, according to the BBC, which reported that the teen had apparently been in contact with a marmot hunted by a dog.
Authorities have imposed a Level 3 alert until the end of the year. It forbids the hunting and eating of animals that could carry the plague and calls on people to report suspected cases.
Even though the bubonic plague, which is caused by a bacterial infection, was once the most feared diseases on Earth, it can now be easily treated with antibiotics.
It was responsible for the Black Death, which killed about 50 million people across Africa, Asia and Europe during the 14th century.
But there have been several large outbreaks since. It killed about a fifth of London’s population during the Great Plague of 1665, while more than 12 million died of the disease during the 19th century in China and India.
In 2017, an outbreak in Madagascar saw more than 300 cases, though a study in medical journal The Lancet found less than 30 people died.
In May 2019, two people in Mongolia died from the plague, which they contracted after eating the raw meat of a marmot, the same type of rodent the 15-year-old came into contact with.
Left untreated, the bubonic plague, which is typically transmitted from animals to humans by fleas, has a fatality rate of 30 percent to 60 percent, according to the BBC.
Symptoms include high fever, chills, nausea, weakness and swollen lymph nodes in the neck, armpit or groin.
On the plus side, it’s unlikely any cases will lead to an epidemic.
“Unlike in the 14th century, we now have an understanding of how this disease is transmitted,” Dr. Shanti Kappagoda, an infectious diseases doctor at Stanford Health Care, told news site Heathline, the BBC reported.
“We know how to prevent it. We are also able to treat patients who are infected with effective antibiotics,” Kappagoda added.<|endoftext|>DOLAR
EURO
ALTIN
BİST 100
Etkinliklerine uzunca bir süredir sanatsal aktiviteleri de dahil eden Kal Der Bursa Şubesi, perşembe akşamı Podyumpark'taki Sanat Mahal'de, Podyum Sanat Mahal'in ev sahipliğinde bir etkinlik organize etti.
Bu etkinlikte sanatçı Mert Fırat, Korhan Futacı'nın Kara Orkestrası ile birlikte Sabahattin Ali'nin iki öyküsünü seslendirdiği bir gösteri sundu. Sabahattin Ali'nin Değirmen ve Sırça Köşk isimli öykülerini Mert Fırat'tan dinledik.
Kokteyl ile başlayan gece, bu güzel gösteri ile sona erdi. Kal Der'e, Podyumpark'a ve Podyum Sanat Mahal'e teşekkür ediyorum.
Sabahattin Ali, Türk yazın dünyasının roman ve öykü yazarı, şairi olarak önemli isimlerinden biri.
Sabahattin Ali 25 Şubat 1907'de Kırklareli'de doğdu. İstanbul'daki Muallim Mektebi'ni bitirdi. Yozgat'ta öğretmenlik yapmaya başladı.
Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı tarafından yabancı dil eğitimi alması amacıyla 1928-1930 yılları arasında Almanya'ya gönderildi. Bir dil fakültesinde diploma aldı. Burada Ivan Turgenyev, Edgar Allan Poe, Thomas Mann gibi yazarların eserleriyle tanışır. Sabahattin Ali'nin bu yazarlardan etkilendiği görülür.
Bu arada Türk Ulusu'na hakaret eden koyu milliyetçi bir Alman gencini tartakladığı gerekçesiyle Almanya'daki eğitimi sonlandırılır ve Türkiye'ye gönderilir.
Türkiye'ye döndükten sonra önce Bursa'da öğretmenlik yapar; ardından Aydın'da bulunan bir okulda Almanca öğretmeni olarak çalışır. Ülkemizde çok sevilen şarkı "Aldırma Gönül"ü de Sinop Cezaevi'nde geçirdiği günlerde yazar.
1948 yılında hayatını kaybeder ya da öldürülür.
"Kuyucaklı Yusuf, İçimizdeki Şeytan ve Kürk Mantolu Madonna" bize bıraktığı üç romanıdır. Değirmen, Kağnı, Ses, Yeni Dünya ve Sırça Köşk ise yazdığı öykülerdir.
Ayrıca şiirleri, denemesi, mektupları da bulunur.
ŞAİR, ŞİİR, ŞUUR MEHMET AKİF
Mehmet Akif Ersoy'un İstiklal Marşı'nı nasıl ve hangi koşullarda yazdığını anlatan
'Şair, Şiir, Şuur Mehmet Akif Ersoy adlı oyun tiyatro severlerle buluştu.
Murat Ozan'ın yönettiği, Emre Nurettin Örük'ün Mehmet Akif Ersoy'u canlandırdığı 50 dakikalık tek kişilik oyun, Bursa Devlet Tiyatrosu'nun 2019-2020 tiyatro sezonunda, ilk gösterimini perşembe günü Feraizcizade Oda Tiyatrosu'nda Uludağ Üniversitesi Rektörü Prof.Dr A. Saim Klavuz, Uludağ Üniversitesi Güzel Sanatlar Fakültesi Dekanı Prof. Dr. Hatice Şahin, Bölüm Başkanı Ali Sait Liman'ın ve seyircilerin yoğun katılımıyla gerçekleştirildi.<|endoftext|>Ancak reklamlar bu siteyi çevrimiçi tutuyor. Bunun yerine bana bir kahve ısmarlar mısınız? Daha fazla bilgi için tıklayın
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Ancak reklamlar bu siteyi çevrimiçi tutuyor. Bunun yerine bana bir kahve ısmarlar mısınız? Daha fazla bilgi için tıklayın
Daha Rastgele Keşfedin fantasy names
Ne tür bir fantezi yaratığı trol olabilir ki?
Bir trol, İskandinav folklorundan bir yaratıktır, tipik olarak keskin dişleri, büyük burnu ve kabarık saçları olan hantal, çirkin bir insansı olarak tasvir edilir. Genellikle mağaralarda veya köprülerin altında yaşadıkları ve bazen hazine biriktirdikleri söylenir. Bazı hikayelerde yardımcı varlıklardır, diğerlerinde ise insanlara işkence etmekten hoşlanan kötü niyetli canavarlardır.
Trollerin Tarihçesi
Trollerin geçmişi büyüleyici bir tarihe sahiptir; Bu yaramaz yaratıkların yüzlerce yıl öncesine dayanan çeşitli ve uzun bir geçmişi vardır. Trollerin tipik olarak çağdaş medyada olumsuz bir ışık altında tasvir edilmesine rağmen, tarihleri çok daha karmaşık ve hatta büyüleyici. Trollerin bilinen en eski sözü, Viking mitolojisinde sıklıkla tehlikeli varlıklar olarak tasvir edildikleri İskandinav folklorunda bulunabilir. Popüler inanca göre, insanlara oyun oynadıkları ve hatta bazen onlara saldırdıkları derin ormanlarda ve mağaralarda yaşadıkları düşünülüyordu. İnsanlar kıyafetlerine çan veya tılsım taktılar ve kendilerini bu yaratıklardan korumak için yay taşıdılar. Trol karakteri 19. yüzyıla kadar daha nazik bir şekilde tasvir edilmeye başlanmadı. Danimarkalı yazar Hans Christian Andersen tarafından bir köprü üzerinde nöbet tutan bir trol hakkında bir peri masalı yazılmıştır. Bu hikayenin, folklorda her zamanki kötü oland
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show ring. The males' height from withers comes from 48 to 56 centimetres (19 to 22 in), females from 46 to 53 centimetres (18 to 21 in).
Temperament and needsEdit
Border collies require considerably more daily physical exercise and mental stimulation than many other breeds. The border collie is widely considered to be the most intelligent dog breed. The border collie ranks 1st in Stanley Coren's The Intelligence of Dogs, being part of the top 10 brightest dogs. Although the primary role of the border collie is to herd livestock, the breed is becoming increasingly popular as a companion animal.
In this role, due to their working heritage, border collies are very demanding, playful, and energetic. They thrive best in households that can provide them with plenty of play and exercise, either with humans or other dogs. Due to their demanding personalities and need for mental stimulation and exercise, many border collies develop problematic behaviors in households that are not able to provide for their needs. They are infamous for chewing holes in walls and furniture, and destructive scraping and hole digging, due to boredom. Border collies may exhibit a strong desire to herd, a trait they may show with small children, cats, and other dogs. The breed's herding trait has been deliberately encouraged, as it was in the dogs from which the border collie was developed, by selective breeding for many generations. However, being eminently trainable, they can live amicably with other pets if given proper socialization training.
The American Border Collie Association recommends that potential owners, before taking on the breed as a household pet, should be sure they can provide regular exercise commensurate with the collie's high energy and prodigious stamina. A working collie may run many miles a day, using its experience, personality, and intelligence to control challenging livestock. These dogs will become distressed and frustrated if left in isolation, ignored or inactive. Like many working breeds, border collies can be motion-sensitive and may chase moving vehicles and bicycles, but this behavior can be modified by training. Some of the more difficult behaviors require patience, as they are developmental and may disappear as the dog matures.
While their intelligence and adaptability are used to help humanity search and rescue and as "sniffer" dogs, their gentleness and sensitivity welcome them both in hospitals and in the home for the elderly, where they are employed as a registered "PAT dog".
Leading causes of death are cancer (23.6%), old age (17.9%) and cerebral vascular afflictions (9.4%).
Common health problemsEdit
Collie eye anomaly (CEA) and epilepsy are considered the primary genetic diseases of concern in the breed at this time. CEA is a congenital, inherited eye disease involving the retina, choroid, and sclera that sometimes affects border collies. In border collies, it is generally a mild disease and rarely significantly impairs vision. However, other eye conditions such as PRA slowly disintegrates the retina and can cause border collies to lose almost all of their vision at night which can progress into complete daytime blindness. There is now a DNA test available for CEA and, through its use, breeders can ensure that they will not produce affected pups. There are different types of hip testing available including OFA (Orthopedic Foundation for Animals) and PennHip. Radiographs are taken and sent to these organizations to determine a dog's hip and elbow quality.
Two types of hearing loss occur in the breed. The first type is pigment associated and is found in border collie puppies, although the puppies can have congenital sensorineural deafness from birth as well. The second type is known as adult-onset hearing loss. These dogs have a normal auditory brainstem response test as pups but gradually lose their hearing sometime between one and eight years of age. A study is currently underway at The Translational Genomics Research Institute to identify the genetic cause of adult-onset hearing loss in the breed.
Glaucoma (GLAU) The discovery of a genetic variant on the OLFML3 gene was performed at The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh and the Mater Research Institute-UQ, Brisbane Australia. The individuals credited for this work are Kim M Summers, Ailsa J Carlisle, Carys A Pugh and Lindsay L Farrell. Based on this discovery, Animal Genetics develop an assay to detect the genetic variant associated with border collie glaucoma. A paper will be published outlining all of the work.
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL) is a rare but serious disease that is limited to show border collies. NCL results in severe neurological impairment and early death; afflicted dogs rarely survive beyond two years of age. The mutation causing the form of the disease found in border collies was identified by Scott Melville in the laboratory of Dr. Alan Wilton of the School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales. There is no treatment or cure, but a DNA test is now available to detect carriers as well as affected dogs.
Trapped Neutrophil Syndrome (TNS) is a hereditary disease in which the bone marrow produces neutrophils (white cells) but is unable to effectively release them into the bloodstream. Affected puppies have an impaired immune system and will eventually die from infections they cannot fight. The mutation responsible for TNS has been found in border collies in English working dogs, in show dogs that had originated in Australia and New Zealand, and in unrelated Australian working dogs. This indicates that the gene is widespread and probably as old as the breed itself. TNS was identified by Jeremy Shearman in the laboratory of Dr. Alan Wilton of the School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales. There is no cure, but a DNA test is now available to detect carriers as well as affected dogs.
Other diseases found less commonly include juvenile cataracts, osteochondritis, hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus and canine cyclic neutropaenia, carpal soft-tissue injury. A syndrome of exercise induced collapse similar to that seen in Labrador retrievers (otherwise termed Border Collie Collapse) and triggered by episodes of collapse associated with periods of intense exercise has been described in Border Collies in North America, Europe and Australia; and is currently the subject of further investigation.
Border Collie Collapse or "the wobbles" is a disease found in many herding/working breeds. The cause is currently unknown. Border Collie Collapse seems to be related to high-intensity exercises that are found to be particularly exciting to the individual dog. For example, some dogs cannot retrieve a tennis ball, as they find this activity highly stimulating, but can run for several miles with no symptoms of Border Collie Collapse. Symptoms commonly include disorientation, mental dullness, loss of attention, unsteady hind legs, dragging of hind legs, and ultimately the need to sit or lay down. Loss of consciousness and seizure-like trembling/spasms are not characteristics of Border Collie Collapse. There is no current diagnostic test or veterinary workup that can confirm Border Collie Collapse and the diagnosis is often given as a diagnosis of exclusion or based on clinical symptoms. There is no current treatment recommended, and it is advised to limit the episodes by avoiding the activities that trigger the collapse.
The border collie is descended from landrace collies, a type found widely in the British Isles. The name for the breed came from its probable place of origin along the Anglo-Scottish border. Mention of the "collie" or "colley" type first appeared toward the end of the 19th century, although the word "collie" is older than this and has its origin in the Scots language. It is also thought that the word 'collie' comes from the old Celtic word for useful. Many of the best border collies today can be traced back to a dog known as Old Hemp.
In 1915, James Reid, Secretary of the International Sheep Dog Society (ISDS) in the United Kingdom first used the term "border collie" to distinguish those dogs registered by the ISDS from the Kennel Club's collie (or Scotch collie, including the rough collie and smooth collie) which originally came from the same working stock but had developed a different, standardised appearance following introduction to the show ring in 1860 and mixture with different breeds.
Old Hemp, a tricolour dog, was born in Northumberland in September 1893 and died in May 1901. He was bred by Adam Telfer from Roy, a black and tan dog, and Meg, a black-coated, strong-eyed dog. Hemp was a quiet, powerful dog to which sheep responded easily. Many shepherds used him for stud and Hemp's working style became the Border Collie style. All pure border collies alive today can trace an ancestral line back to Old Hemp. He was believed to have sired as many as 200 pups over the span of his life.
Wiston Cap (b. 28 September 1963) is the dog that the International Sheep Dog Society (ISDS) badge portrays in the characteristic border collie herding pose. He was a popular stud dog in the history of the breed, and his bloodline can be seen in most bloodlines of the modern-day collie. Bred by W. S. Hetherington and trained and handled by John Richardson, Cap was a biddable and good-natured dog. His bloodlines all trace back to the early registered dogs of the studbook, and to J. M. Wilson's Cap, whose name occurs 16 times within seven generations in his pedigree. Wiston Cap sired three Supreme Champions and is grand-sire of three others, one of whom was E. W. Edwards' Bill, who won the championship twice.
Introduction to New Zealand and AustraliaEdit
Collies were listed as imports to New Zealand as early as 1858, but the type was not specified. In the late 1890s James Lilico (1861?–1945) of Christchurch, New Zealand, imported a number of working dogs from the United Kingdom. These included Hindhope Jed, a black, tan and white born in Hindhope, Scotland in 1895, as well as Maudie, Moss of Ancrum, Ness and Old Bob.
It is unclear whether Hindhope Jed was a descendant of Old Hemp. Born two years after him, she is mentioned in a British Hunts and Huntsmen article concerning a Mr John Elliot of Jedburgh:
Mr. Elliot himself is well known for his breed of collies. His father supplied Noble to the late Queen Victoria and it was from our subject that the McLeod got Hindhope Jed, now the champion of New Zealand and Australia.
At the time of her departure to New Zealand, Hindhope Jed was already in pup to Captain, another of the then-new "border" strain. Hindhope Jed had won three trials in her native Scotland, and was considered to be the "best to cross the equator".
In 1901 the King and Mcleod stud, created by Charles Beechworth King (b. 1855, Murrumbidgee, NSW), his brother and Alec McLeod at Canonbar, near Nyngan (north-west of Sydney), brought Hindhope Jed to Australia, where she enjoyed considerable success at sheepdog trials.
There are two types of tests, or standards, to determine the breeding quality of a Border Collie: the original ISDS sheepdog trial and appearance.
ISDS sheepdog trialEdit
The original test is the ISDS sheepdog trial. It is still used today, where a dog and handler collect groups of livestock and move them quietly around a course. There are certain standard elements to this test depending on the level: national or international. For both levels, sheep must be gathered as calmly as possible without being distressed. For a national competition, normally held between England, Ireland, Scotland, and Wales, trials run over a 400-yard course. International courses use a 400-yard course for the qualifying trials, but on the third and final day, trials are held in a course of 800 yards.
The international test involves a "double fetch", where the sheepdog must gather 10 sheep from 800 yards away, bring them on an angle to the center of the field, and then be sent back in another direction to gather another 10 sheep, also placed 800 yards from the handler. Five of those 20 sheep will have collars on, and at the end of a triangular drive, the sheep are gathered into a circular "shedding ring" and the 15 sheep without collars driven away as the five collared sheep are kept inside the ring and then penned. Sheepdogs must be directed through obstacles at varying distance from the handler, and then the dog must demonstrate the ability to do work close at hand by penning the sheep and sorting them out.
In nearly every region of the world, the border collie is now also a breed that is shown in ring or bench shows. For the people who participate in these events, the Border Collie is defined by the breed standard, which is a description of how the dog should look. In New Zealand and Australia, where the breed has been shown throughout most of the twentieth century, the Border Collie standards have produced a dog with the longer double coat (smooth coats are allowed), a soft dark eye, a body slightly longer than tall, a well-defined stop, semi-pricked ears, as well as a gentle and friendly temperament. This style of Border Collie has become popular in winning show kennels around the world, as well as among prestigious judges. Breed standards state that its tail must be slightly curved and must stop at the hock. The fur must be lush. It should show good expression in its eyes, and must be intelligent. It is energetic with most commonly a black and white coat (sometimes brown). It should have a very strong herding instinct.
Away from breed standards, short-haired border collie variants are also found, offering householders a less demanding task clearing year-round shed hair. Crossing collies with German Shepherd dogs produces a strong intelligent hybrid of intermediate size, popularly named a "shollie", used as a working dog with livestock and as an animal companion.
Criticism of show dog conformity based on appearanceEdit
Other enthusiasts oppose the use of border collies as show dogs, for fear that breeding for appearance will lead to a decline in the breed's working dog traits. Few handlers of working Border Collies participate in conformation shows, as working dogs are bred to a performance standard rather than appearance standard. Likewise, conformation-bred dogs are seldom seen on the sheepdog trial field, except in Kennel Club-sponsored events. Dogs registered with either working or confirmation based registries are seen in other performance events such as agility, obedience, tracking or flyball; however, these dogs do not necessarily conform to the breed standard of appearance as closely as the dogs shown in the breed rings as this is not a requirement in performance events, nor do they necessarily participate in herding activities.
In the UK, there are two separate registries for border collies. The International Sheep Dog Society encourages breeding for herding ability, whereas the Kennel Club (UK) encourages breeding for a standardised appearance. The ISDS registry is by far the older of the two, and ISDS dogs are eligible for registration as pedigree Border Collies with the Kennel Club (KC) — but not vice versa. The only way for a Border Collie without an ISDS pedigree to be added to the ISDS registry is by proving its worth as a herding dog so that it can be Registered on Merit (ROM).
One of the principal registries for border collies in the United States is the American Border Collie Association (ABCA), which is dedicated to the preservation of the traditional working dog. The breed was also recognised in 1995 by the American Kennel Club (AKC) after occupying the AKC's Miscellaneous Class for over 50 years. The recognition was under protest from the majority of border collie affiliated groups, such as the United States Border Collie Club, which felt that emphasis on the breed's working skills would be lost under AKC recognition. AKC registrations have gradually increased since recognition and by the year 2004 there were 1,984 new AKC registrations of border collies, with a further 2,378 for the year 2005. By contrast, the American Border Collie Association registers approximately 20,000 border collies annually. Because of the inherent tension between the goals of breeding to a working standard and to an appearance standard, the American Border Collie Association voted in 2003 that dogs who attained a conformation championship would be delisted from the ABCA registry, regardless of ability. Cross-registration is allowed between the working registries, and AKC accepts dogs registered with ABCA and NASDS, but none of the working registries in the U.S. honors AKC pedigrees.
In Australia, Border collies are registered with an Australian National Kennel Council (ANKC) affiliated state control body or with a working dog registry. Between 2,011 and 2,701 ANKC pedigreed border collies have been registered with the ANKC each year since 1986. Inclusion on the ANKC affiliate's main register allows border collies to compete in conformation, obedience, agility, tracking, herding and other ANKC-sanctioned events held by an ANKC affiliated club, while inclusion on the limited register prohibits entry in conformation events. The ANKC provides a breed standard; however, this applies to conformation events only and has no influence on dogs entering in performance events. Non-ANKC pedigreed dogs may also be eligible for inclusion on an ANKC associate or sporting register and be able to compete in ANKC performance or herding events. Agility organizations such as the Agility Dog Association of Australia (ADAA) have their own registry which allows the inclusion of any dog wishing to compete in their events.
In Canada, Agriculture Canada has recognized the Canadian Border Collie Association as the registry under the Animal Pedigree Act for any border collie that is designated as "Pure Breed" in Canada.
The criteria used are based on herding lineage rather than appearance. It is a two-tiered registry in that dogs imported that are registered with a foreign Kennel Club that does hold conformation shows are given a "B" registration, whereas those that come directly from other working registries are placed on the "A" registry.
Recently, the Canadian Kennel Club has polled its members to decide if border collies should be included on the CKC "Miscellaneous List". This designation would allow border collie owners the ability to compete in all CKC events, but the CKC would not be the registering body. People who compete in performance events support the move. The CBCA is against this designation.
The registration of working sheepdogs in South Africa is the responsibility of the South African Sheepdog Association. ISDS registered dogs imported into the country can be transferred onto the SASDA register. Dogs not registered can become eligible for registration by being awarded a certificate of working ability by a registered judge. Occasionally they will facilitate the testing of dogs used for breeding, for hip dysplasia and collie eye anomaly, to encourage the breeding of dogs without these genetic flaws.
The border collie breed is also recognized as the prime sheepdog by the International Stock Dog Federation (ISDF), based in Piccadilly, London, UK.
Border collies are one of the most popular breeds for dog agility competitions. They also excel at competitive obedience, showmanship, flyball, tracking, and USBCHA Sheepdog trials and herding events.
Working border collies can take direction by voice and by whistle at long distances when herding. Their great energy and herding instinct are still used to herd all kinds of animals, from the traditional sheep and cattle,
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alalım. Ortasını çukur yapıp, ılık süt ile mayayı ekleyelim.<|endoftext|>È regista, sceneggiatore, produttore cinematografico e direttre della fotografia e montatore. Viene ricordato per aver diretto il terzo film della saga Harry Potter, Harry Potter e il prigioniero di Azkaban. Nel 2014 ha vinto due premi Oscar come miglior regista e miglior montaggio per il film Gravity. Nel 2019 ha vinto il premio Oscar per la migliore fotografia nel film Roma.<|endoftext|>News dal mondo PR
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20.10.2015
I social networks sono diventati gli alleati preferiti per i professionisti della comunicazione e delle PR. Ma come fare per qualificare e quantificare l’impatto delle nostre azioni? Con quali metriche?
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15.10.2015
Se vuoi ottenere la fiducia dei tuoi potenziali clienti e rafforzare la fiducia di quelli esistenti, il risultato redazionale è sicuramente lo strumento più efficace...<|endoftext|>دلایل کاهش قیمت طلا و سکه در بازار
خبرگزاری ایسنا: رئیس اتحادیه طلا و جواهر تهران با بیان اینکه ارزش طلا در بازار جهانی روند نزولی به خود گرفته است، گفت: ارزش طلا و سکه در پی تعطیلات دهه اول محرم و کاهش داد و ستد، روند نزولی به خود گرفته است.
ابراهیم محمدولی در رابطه با وضعیت بازار در هفته گذشته به ایسنا اظهار کرد: بازار جهانی طلا در هفته گذشته نوسانات قابل توجهی داشت که تا انتهای هفته روند نزولی را انتخاب کرد. در ساعات پایانی روز پنجشنبه روند نزولی به روند صعودی تغییر وضعیت داد، اما در مجموع روند ارزش گذاری اونس جهانی کاهشی بود.
رئیس اتحادیه طلا و جواهر تهران ادامه داد: ارزش جهانی طلا در ابتدای هفته در حدود ۱۵۱۸ دلار بود و در حال حاضر به حدود ۱۵۰۸ دلار رسیده است.
وی خاطرنشان کرد: در بازار داخلی روند ارزش گذاری طلا و سکه روند نزولی داشت که این موضوع در پی تعطیلی بازار به واسطه دهه اول محرم و سیاست گذاریهای بازار طلا و سکه بوده است.
در خبری بخوانید: بروز ترین اخبار اقتصادی و بازرگانی از سراسر وب
محمدولی بیان کرد: در هفته گذشته میزان داد و ستد به شدت کاهش یافت و این در حالی بود که اکثر واحدهای طلا فروشی در تهران تعطیل بودند.
وی خاطرنشان کرد: حباب سکه در هفتههای گذشته به طور کامل تخلیه شد و حباب سکههای خرد تا حدودی تخلیه شده و مقداری از حباب آنها مانده که این موضوع به دلیل پیشی گرفتن میزان تقاضای سکههای خرد نسبت به میزان عرضه آنها است.
رئیس اتحادیه طلا و جواهر تهران یادآور شد: اگر میزان عرضه و تقاضا سکههای خرد متناسب شود حباب این دسته سکهها کاهش بیشتری پیدا خواهد کرد.<|endoftext|>The self-portrait of local artist, William Shackleton, 54 x 40 cm in size, is part of the Bradford Museums and Galleries permanent collection.
William Shackleton was the son of a prosperous Bradford paper manufacturer and merchant. He was educated at the local Grammar School, studied art at Bradford Technical College, and in 1893 won a scholarship to study at the Royal College of Art in London.
The self-portrait was painted in 1895 when the artist was 23 and in the latter stage of his art education at the Royal College.
Self-portraits offer a challenge to artists to present images of themselves to the world. They can offer marketing opportunities by demonstrating the artist’s talents and by linking his or her face to a particular art style and desired self-image.
Here we see a young man, elegantly dressed; a silk handkerchief pokes from his breast pocket. He is well-groomed, with a bushy moustache that twists rakishly upward. He looks to his right, his head thrown back a little, and there is an expression of concentration on his face, particularly in his eyes. It is likely that he is facing an artist’s easel, with a mirror to his right that he glances into before applying the paint to the canvas.
The overall implicit message is that here is a confident, affluent young man; one who can paint very well – by the way he captures the light falling across him from the left, and by the subtle changes in skin tone and hint of stubble on his chin.
This is most likely the impression he wants to convey to potential clients – typically drawn from the same social strata as the artist and who would recognise another of their class. The message to the world is that this is a competent pair of artistic hands; your image would be safe in his, and you would probably spend agreeable time in his company tuned into the same values and interests.
The style of painting that we see here is of its time: conventional and competent in its execution.
However, the interesting thing is how radically his style changed in later years. In 1896, a year after the self-portrait was painted, Shackleton won another scholarship, enabling him to study in Paris and in Italy and leading to closer exposure to art movements in Europe, particularly Impressionism.
On his return to Britain, Shackleton’s work became more impressionistic and symbolist in style – see the example below, also in the Bradford Museums and Galleries collection.
It also captured the public’s attention and mood for more ethereal art images, and he became a highly successful painter; one who represented Britain in the prestigious Venice Biennale art exhibition in 1910 and again in 1922.
The self-portrait of Shackleton presents us with the image of a man on the cusp of change in his life. He undoubtedly could have made a comfortable living painting portraits in the style we see here.
But he exudes in this work the air of a man who would cope artistically, temperamentally and socially with any change that came his way, including the successful artistic direction he was to take.
See the full profile of this artist at William Shackleton<|endoftext|>UCLA researchers have identified a new biomarker that could help them track how effectively the immune system clears the brain of amyloid beta, which forms the plaques considered one of the hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease.
The pilot study, published online in the Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, demonstrates how the immune gene MGAT3, which is essential in clearing amyloid beta, is expressed differently in different Alzheimer’s patients. The finding may help provide more highly individualized disease prognoses in the future.
It may also help researchers understand which patients will respond to therapy with vitamin D3 and curcumin, a chemical found in turmeric spice, both of which were shown in previous studies by this UCLA research team to help stimulate specific immune system cells to clear amyloid beta in a laboratory test.
Genes hold instructions to create proteins that determine all bodily processes, from moving blood through the veins to stimulating the immune system. The genome of each cell, which is made up of hereditary information, sends out messages to “turn on” various genes according to actual needs.
In earlier research, the UCLA team showed that Alzheimer’s patients may have a defect in messaging from the MGAT3 gene, which could help explain why this population cannot effectively clear amyloid beta.
In the current study, researchers used a blood-based biomarker to identify three abnormal ways of processing MGAT3 gene information, which could lead to different disease prognoses.
“This is one of the first studies demonstrating the role of the immune system in helping track Alzheimer’s disease prognosis and the impact of therapies,” said study author Dr. Milan Fiala, a researcher at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and the Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System.
For the study, scientists drew blood samples from 20 Alzheimer’s disease patients and 20 healthy controls and then isolated critical immune cells from the blood called macrophages, which are responsible for gobbling up amyloid beta and other waste products in the brain and body.
They incubated the immune cells overnight with amyloid beta to test the cells’ ability to “turn on” MGAT3. They also added a synthetic form of curcumin to some of the cells to gauge the effect it had on MGAT3 expression and the absorption of amyloid beta.
Based on the results, the researchers identified three groups of Alzheimer’s patients.
Type 0 patients: This group had very low expression of MGAT3 and very low absorption rates of amyloid beta.
Type I patients: This group also had low expression of MGAT3 and low amyloid beta absorption rates, but the strength of the MGAT3 message and the absorption of amyloid beta increased when researchers stimulated the macrophages with synthetic curcumin.
Type II patients: This group initially had high amyloid beta absorption rates, but when scientists added synthetic curcumin, MGAT3 expression lessened and absorption was reduced.
In addition, researchers found that for Type I and Type II patients, the clearing of amyloid beta was dependent on vitamin D3, a type of vitamin D that occurs naturally in these cells. When they blocked vitamin D3 use by the macrophages in the laboratory, they found that absorption of amyloid beta suffered.
“These findings demonstrate three very different levels of immunity and possible reactions to natural therapies of vitamin D3 and curcumin,” Fiala said. “These differences could point to a new way to track the progression of Alzheimer’s disease and the effectiveness of these natural therapies based on an individual patient’s immunity.”
Fourteen of the 20 Alzheimer’s disease patients have been followed for two years, and researchers noted that those who were Type 0 had a worse two-year prognosis regarding the loss of their ability to live independently than the other two types of patients.
Fiala said that 45 percent of the Alzheimer’s patients in the study were Type 0 in their MGAT3 immunity expression, while only 10 percent of the healthy controls fell into this patient type. The effects of vitamin D3 and curcumin have not yet been adequately investigated in Type 0 patients.
Fiala added that a larger clinical trial needs to be completed to validate findings from this pilot study. He said that while vitamin D3 seems to be helpful to most people, the benefits of synthetic curcumin are more individualized, depending on the patient. In the future, a commercially available test may be able to check for MGAT3 immunity.
The study was funded by the Alzheimer’s Association.<|endoftext|>Una giuria di tre giudici ha stabilito all’unanimità che Trump non godeva di immunità contro le accuse di aver complottato per far fallire le elezioni del 2020.
Martedì una corte d’appello federale degli Stati Uniti ha stabilito che Donald Trump non ha immunità dalle accuse di manipolazione elettorale quando era presidente, aprendo ulteriormente la possibilità che l’ex presidente possa sostenere un processo penale senza precedenti.
In una decisione scritta, un collegio di tre giudici della Corte d’Appello degli Stati Uniti per il Circuito del Distretto di Columbia ha affermato che Trump non ha l’autorità per infrangere le leggi federali e non essere processato perché una volta era presidente. I giudici hanno aggiunto che il suo ruolo nello sconvolgere le elezioni del 2020 aveva potenzialmente violato le “leggi penali applicabili”.
“Non possiamo accettare che l’ufficio della Presidenza ponga i suoi ex occupanti al di sopra della legge per tutto il tempo successivo”, hanno scritto i giudici nella loro decisione.
Sarebbe storico per un favorito presidenziale affrontare un processo penale o essere un criminale condannato. La sentenza di martedì potrebbe anche mettere in discussione la candidatura, finora vincente, di Trump come candidato presidenziale del Partito Repubblicano alle elezioni previste per novembre.
Ecco una ripartizione del caso e come potrebbe influenzare la corsa presidenziale di Trump:
Di cosa si tratta?
L’anno scorso, Trump ha presentato una mozione al tribunale di prima istanza di Washington per archiviare un caso di interferenza nelle elezioni federali portato dal procuratore speciale Jack Smith nello stesso tribunale. In quel caso, l’ex presidente fu accusato di aver tentato di ribaltare le elezioni del 2020 e di ostacolare il Congresso il 6 gennaio 2021.
Il tribunale di prima istanza ha respinto la mozione di Trump a dicembre, dopo di che lui ha fatto appello alla DC Circuit Court, la stessa corte che ha emesso una sentenza il 6 febbraio.
L’avvocato di Trump aveva sostenuto durante i processi che non avrebbe dovuto rispondere in tribunale a causa dell’immunità presidenziale di cui godeva mentre era in carica.
Un’accusa penale, hanno affermato gli avvocati di Trump, avrebbe un “effetto agghiacciante” sui futuri presidenti, aggiungendo che i leader esecutivi non sarebbero disposti ad agire se ci fossero preoccupazioni su possibili accuse penali.
Il fatto che i legislatori non avevano sotto accusa Trump con l’accusa di insurrezione in seguito agli attacchi al Congresso del gennaio 2021 significava anche che non avrebbe dovuto essere processato penale per lo stesso caso, hanno inoltre sostenuto gli avvocati di Trump.
Trump è stato infatti messo sotto accusa due volte dalla Camera dei Rappresentanti, ma è stato assolto dai senatori repubblicani con un altro voto che si è rivelato a suo favore. Una mozione di impeachment presentata dalla Camera potrà essere approvata solo se approvata dai due terzi del Senato.
Cosa hanno detto i giudici?
Ma nella sentenza unanime di 57 pagine, i giudici Michelle Childs, Karen Henderson e Florence Pan hanno respinto tutte le argomentazioni di Trump a favore della cancellazione dell’immunità presidenziale, affermando che tale indennità non sarebbe nell’interesse pubblico.
Qualsiasi immunità esecutiva che avrebbe potuto proteggere Trump mentre era presidente non lo proteggerebbe più ora, hanno stabilito i giudici.
“Ai fini di questo procedimento penale, l’ex presidente Trump è diventato cittadino Trump, con tutte le difese di qualsiasi altro imputato penale”, si legge nella sentenza. “Non possiamo accettare [his] affermare che un presidente ha un’autorità illimitata per commettere crimini che neutralizzerebbero il controllo più fondamentale sul potere esecutivo: il riconoscimento e l’attuazione dei risultati elettorali”.
I giudici hanno anche affermato che Trump ha potenzialmente violato le leggi penali cercando di rovesciare la presidenza e che le sue azioni costituiscono “un attacco senza precedenti alla struttura del nostro governo”.
Cosa significa questo per la campagna di Trump?
Trump può contestare la decisione della corte d’appello presso la Corte Suprema e gli esperti affermano che questo è lo scenario più probabile. I suoi avvocati hanno già deciso di ricorrere in appello.
La corte d’appello ha fissato la scadenza del 12 febbraio affinché Trump possa presentare una richiesta di emergenza alla Corte Suprema per chiedere che la sua mozione venga ascoltata e che il caso del processo originale (portato dal procuratore speciale Smith) venga ulteriormente sospeso.
Una decisione della Corte Suprema che rafforzi quella della corte d’appello potrebbe significare che Trump sarà costretto a sostenere un processo penale mentre le primarie continuano. Il processo penale contro un importante candidato alla presidenza come Trump è inaudito nella storia degli Stati Uniti.
Essere processato, o addirittura essere condannato, non squalifica automaticamente Trump dalla candidatura alla presidenza secondo la Costituzione degli Stati Uniti. In passato, due candidati alla presidenza, Eugene V Debs (1920) e Lyndon LaRouche Jr (1992), hanno condotto una campagna elettorale dalle prigioni federali.
Ma una condanna potrebbe rovinare la campagna di Trump. Mentre alcuni sondaggi mostrano che un elevato numero di elettori repubblicani in alcuni stati voterebbero ancora per Trump nonostante una condanna penale, gli esperti affermano che la realtà di votare per un criminale potrebbe costringerli a riconsiderare la situazione.
Finora, Trump ha goduto di una serie di vittorie consecutive, quasi consolidando la sua presa come candidato repubblicano. Dopo le vittorie schiaccianti alle primarie e ai sondaggi dei caucus in Iowa e New Hampshire, i suoi rivali repubblicani si sono ritirati, lasciando Trump come il candidato con maggiori probabilità ad assicurarsi la nomination.
Uno sconvolgimento della campagna di Trump potrebbe vedere Nikki Haley, l’ultimo principale sfidante repubblicano, strappare la nomination al partito all’ultimo minuto. Il partito annuncerà ufficialmente un candidato ad una convention a metà luglio.
La sentenza della corte gioca un ruolo nei piani di Trump?
Gli analisti sottolineano che le argomentazioni di Trump sull’”immunità presidenziale” nella corte d’appello non avrebbero mai intaccato, ma che fanno parte di una strategia legale più ampia per il presidente volta a ritardare una serie di accuse penali contro di lui fino alle elezioni.
Trump attualmente deve affrontare quattro incriminazioni penali negli Stati Uniti.
Oltre alle accuse di interferenza elettorale in DC, Trump deve affrontare anche accuse di interferenza nello stato della Georgia. In altri due atti d’accusa, Trump è accusato di aver gestito male documenti governativi riservati in Florida e di aver falsificato documenti aziendali per nascondere un pagamento in denaro nascosto alla star del cinema per adulti Stormy Daniels a New York.
Casi ammontano a 91 accuse di crimini in totale. Le date dei processi per almeno due di loro sono fissate nei prossimi due mesi, anche se le mozioni di appello del team di Trump potrebbero vederli ritardati.
Se i processi rimanessero incompiuti dopo una potenziale vittoria di Trump alle urne, Trump potrebbe nominare un procuratore generale che farebbe cadere tutte le accuse contro di lui, sottolineano gli esperti.
La data originaria del processo per il caso di interferenza elettorale della DC era già fissata per il 4 marzo, ma ora è stata influenzata dalla mozione di appello di Trump e dalle quattro settimane di discussioni orali che sarebbero seguite.
È probabile che ci saranno ritardi lunghi poiché il team legale parteciperà alla decisione della Corte Suprema una volta che Trump presenterà ricorso. La Corte non ha fissato cadenze entro le quali potrebbe annunciare la decisione di sospendere il processo originale e ascoltare un secondo appello nel caso di interferenza elettorale.
Quali altre sfide legali per Trump?
A parte i processi penali, Trump deve affrontare altre sfide legali
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ultimo sogno da realizzare: un successo alla Dakar. Riuscì addirittura a conquistarla due volte nel 2001 e nel 2002, prima di perdere la vita in quella maledetta ultima tappa del 2005, a sud della Mauritania. Tragedie terribili ora entrate nella leggenda.
Motorcyclist Edwin Straver, who was severely injured in a fall during the 11th stage of Dakar 2020, has passed away.— DAKAR RALLY (@dakar) January 24, 2020
Everyone associated with the Dakar expresses their sincere condolences to Edwin's family and friends.
info: https://t.co/shkg3xRLXv#Dakar2020 pic.twitter.com/jE4dwNOMQW<|endoftext|>1 definition
by
Lightbeer
A young adult who goes streaking through the night after consuming to many alcoholic beverages.
Joey: I turned into a wild la Pryor kid last night!
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×<|endoftext|>1.1 Copper Size
2.0 Dielectric Materials
3.0 Dielectric geometry
4.0 Shield Material and design considerations
5.0 Jacket design and material considerations
- Copper Size.
BOTH of the copper conductor and size considerations were answered when we started the RCA cable. We don’t want to change the current coherence with a differing conductor diameter if we are to mirror the reactive variables, too. We need the same exact wire to shield reactive L and C parameters in each cable in the end configuration design. The geometry of each cable is entirely different so how to you do that? That is, assuming you want to match the RCA and XLR properties and maintain the same signal quality…and we certainly do. There is no reason to copy a bad sounding RCA cable when designing an XLR, so the RCA is designed FIRST.
- Dielectric material(s).
One difference in the XLR is that we are going to use FOUR wires in a star quad configuration. (Note: in our “Gen 2” XLR product, there are sixteen wires — four wires making a star quad in place of each single wire in the design shown below. For more detail, see the last paper in this series.) Four wire XLR cables use two cross-connected wires for each polarity, which doubles-up the wire AWG for lower attenuation. Two 25 AWG have the DCR of a single 22 AWG yet has way better signal coherence by using smaller wire.
I could have used a cheaper and easier two wire XLR design but the inductive and signal coherence benefits of a star quad are too good to pass-up. If I can get the materials and quad design to achieve a high enough level of performance it is a better cable design.
Star quads have a higher degree of CMRR (Common Mode Rejection Ratio) when properly signal balanced. There are three primary reasons for this;
- The two or four wire stranding “twist”.
- The differential encoding.
- The outer shield properties, but only at RF frequencies.
Two wires of a star quad are a “positive” voltage, and two wires are a “negative” voltage (180 degrees out of phase), hence the term “balanced”. If the cable were a teeter-totter, it would sit level. Some call this differential mode since each signal is equal but different.
|Differential Mode Transmission|
|Perfect Wire Balance Equals Less Noise|
In the example above we show two wires, but the system is the same in a star quad. The signal we WANT is encoded as +2 volts and -2 volts. The noise can’t “change its spots” relative the cable’s twisted pairs and shows up as the same voltage on each wire, +1V noise in this example. The TWIST ratio helps make sure that the wires see the noise the same amount of time and this is vital to the function of the circuit.
Here is where the balance is so important; the signal IDEALLY becomes the superposition of ALL the voltages, or +3 volts and -1 volt. No more, no less. The signal voltages are STILL exactly 4 volts “apart” from each other; +2 to -2 with no noise and +3 to -1 volts with the noise. The signals are fed into a difference amplifier that, you guessed it, looks at the “difference” between the two voltages and see’s 4 volts with, or without, the noise. The noise is absent in a perfect world at the difference amplifier’s output.
In order to do this, every wire has to be presented to the noise in the exact same way via the cable twist and has to be the same length so the signal stays TIME aligned down the wire and has to have the same attenuation. The difference amplifiers need to be nulled perfectly between gain halves. Believe it or not, this gets done really well with good quality products.
The control tolerance of the copper is 0.0005”, so attenuation issues are mitigated and CUB (Capacitance UnBalance) tests insure we see MIL standard quality in the finished cable. All quality types of copper can be used in the XLR design. It is the overall structure that is the most “magic” and not as much the copper itself, although the copper draw process does influence the sound.
We have several variables that aren’t present in a coaxial cable design to contend with;
- CUB, Capacitance Unbalance or, each wire shows a differing capacitance to ground.
- DCR unbalance, each wire has to be the same DCR.
- CMRR remainder, the differential signs have to NULL to the exact same point neither above nor below reference ground.
- Dielectric geometry.
Lots of words, time for a picture;
ICONOCLAST™ XLR END VIEW
The above CAD drawing is what we have inside our XLR design so far (well, I ignored two wires in the drawing).
Remember I wanted to make L and C reactive variables EXACTLY the same for each cable with EXACTLY the same wire size and draw science? What else do we know? I also said that CAPACITANCE is sensitive to the distance to a conductive plate area, and that means ALL the way around the wire. The coaxial cable is easy; we purposefully put a ground around the wire at a known distance that defines the capacitance ground plane reference distance and inductive loop area.
In the coaxial cable, the center of the wire to the inside of the tube is 0.098” / 2 = .049”. Ok, so what? This is what. The capacitance is a squared law property and predominantly sees the ground closest to the wire. The shield on the opposite side of the XLR cable, to a first approximation, falls a way. We actually measure the capacitance BETWEEN the two cross paired wires but the ground location still influences the capacitance. Also, we have four wires that are capacitors.
This doesn’t “sound” good, does it? We have four times as many wires and all have capacitance. Somehow this is supposed to come out around 12 pF/foot (with connectors), same as the RCA!
Now for the inductance part, L. Inductance is loop area defined. It could care less about the dielectric, but the graph above shows a HUGE ~0.170” loop area! How is THAT going to get to the 0.15 uH/foot inductance of the coaxial cable? I could make something up, but that isn’t as neat as what’s really going on.
To get capacitance as low as I need it to be to match the coaxial cables, I use DISTANCE between the wires. And yes, this DIRECTLY sets what the inductance will do…hold on a minute. By using AIR, I can set the C-C of the wires to meet my capacitance target needed for the final tested value with two cross wires connected and tested between them. AIR lessens this distance for a given value of C so I can also manage inductance now. For inductance, L, the smaller the wire loop area the better for a given value of total capacitance. Air gets me far closer than any other dielectric.
How much air? Well, EXACTLY the same as the coaxial cables! How do we do that? The standard answer is, “very carefully”. Let’s look at a drawing;
ICONOCLAST™ XLR CHAMBER VOLUME
Still, so what? Yep, I agree, until we compare this area to the area in in the RCA cable air dielectric; 0.00754 in2. OK it isn’t exact; I missed by ~0.000009” in2. I use the exact same thread design around each identical wire so it’s all the same area in the chamber as in the RCA.
Let’s do some reality checking as to what it SHOULD be based on MEASUREMENTS and calculations.
- We have the EXACT (can I say that as close as it is?) same velocity of propagation based on the composite (air and plastic inside the ground plane) dielectric; 87% at RF reference.
- I measured the IMPEDANCE at RF @ 100 ohms, same as the coaxial cable.
- The dielectric constant can be calculated and from that the VP, VP = 1/ SQRT (E).
- And from that composite dielectric I also know what the capacitance has to be.
Capacitance (remember that chart on dielectric value and capacitance earlier?) is directly linked to the group dielectric constant. I know VP, and I know the impedance, so I can calculate the capacitance and then get the dielectric constant from that.
101670 / (C * 87) = 100 ohm
C = 11.68 pF/foot.
What does the cable actually measure on capacitance? The chart below shows 11.767 pF/foot. Notice that the capacitance values between each of any two wires has to be ~ 5 pF/foot to “double-up” the two wires capacitance and still to arrive at a final ~11 pF/foot! Yep, that’s LOW capacitance. Capacitance adds in parallel so this is a significant issue when a design uses four wires.
Below is the measured and calculated imbalance of the capacitance between 1-3 and 2-4 cross wires’ conductors as a “pair”; 2.02% unbalance, very low.
We seem to have the capacitance and VP looking much like the coaxial cable. Remember, measurements include ALL the approximations in the soup.
So what about inductance with that WAY larger loop area? Isn’t that going to really kill this thing? No, because of some properties of magnetic fields. Magnetic fields CANCEL if they see each other in OPPOSITE directions. Inductance is the “reactance” or “resistance” to instantaneous flow of current. If we can REDUCE the magnetic field lines, we can directly reduce the measured inductance.
We also know from the basic equations that DISTANCE between the two wires is important. Keeping BOTH distance and magnetic field line magnitude small lowers inductance, and removes the noise.
The picture below shows what’s going on…sort of. For now, we’ll pretend the field’s ONLY go “inwards”, or inside the wire, and stop there (they don’t). If the lines that extend outside each wire do the OPPOSITE as the field INSIDE the wires, they reinforce the field! It is generally accepted that the flux lines concentrate substantially BETWEEN the wires.
If we draw arrows that represent the DIRECTION of the circumferential magnetic field waves AROUND each wire we get what is shown below for a NOISE signal hitting the wire. We have TWO different voltage polarities so we have TWO different current directions for the SIGNAL, but the NOISE is the SAME direction in all the wires.
If you grasp a wire with all four of your fingers, and point your right hand THUMB in the CURRENT direction, your fingers will point in the field’s circumferential direction around each wire. The arrows are a “part” of the noise current field lines “inside” the four-wire group.
NOISE FIELDS (all the same direction)
Where the arrows are OPPOSITE each other in direction between any two wires, the field lines cancel. For NOISE every field theoretically cancels. ADJACENT or ACROSS from any TWO wires we induce field cancellation with a star quad design.
For the SIGNAL, we now have TWO equal but opposite current directions.
This allows larger wire-to-wire spacing in order to lower capacitance and also keeps inductance low. Inductance is managed with field line cancellation geometry.
Now we know why I didn’t use a two-wire system, you can’t manage CMRR.
Let’s look at the situation for the signal. Below is a simple picture of the field cancellation between four wires with opposite polarities wired as a star quad.
SIGNAL FIELDS (opposite directions)
Minus = Current INTO the page (CW rotation)
Plus = Current OUT of the page (CCW rotation)
What do we see? The all the signal field lines DO NOT cancel. Adjacent wires reinforce, and opposites wires cancel. Reducing loop area is the best way to manage inductance because we can’t cancel all of the field lines, only some of them. This theoretical field relationship limits the ability to reduce capacitance for a given inductance. Using low dielectric constant materials to lower capacitance (Air!) allows closer spacing needed for low inductance.
Is there a design that can, in theory do BOTH, reduce signal and noise fields to “zero”? Within the limits of DESIGN, yes there is. The ICONOCLAST series II reduces both noise and signal field cancellation. The wires, in practice aren’t EXCATLY the same distance apart and EXACTLY the same resistance, so we say “in theory”. But, reducing the nose to 1000 or more times less and reducing the inductance 27% is indeed achievable.
So, after all that explaining, how does the star quad ICONOCLAST cable measure up? Tests at 1 KHz show the following values below. The inductance between the two cross wire pairs of the star quad are 0.15 uH/foot inductance…same as the RCA.
So what does the “reactive” picture look like comparing the RCA and XLR? How close are they to being the same? This swept test is the real deal. There are no approximations to fudge.
What we see above is impedance / phase for the XLR and RCA superimposed one on top the other. Note that there are four separate lines. We have two identical cables with exceptionally low reactive variables.
- Shield material and design considerations.
There is yet one last thing to consider in the XLR design; the outer shield. A 95% BC (Bare Copper) braid is used. Audio cables are not RF designs, and the braid shield will NOT shield low frequency magnetic interference. The CMRR of the XLR is going to do that for us. Excellent CUB, DCR unbalance and twist ratio all aid CMRR. The braid DOES knock down RFI by 80 dB, so that’s a given. The shield isolation @ RF mitigates NULL balance at high frequencies only.
or not, 20-20K is a predominantly magnetic field frequency range where the
B-fields decay at a ratio of 1/x^3. DISTANCE is the best solution for isolation
of cables with magnetic properties.
5.0 Jacket design and material considerations.
All ICONOCLAST cables use FEP as the jacket to reduce UV sensitivity, plasticizer migration and provide chemical resistance. The cables are designed to last decades.
I hope that this design summary of ICONOCLAST RCA and XLR interconnect cables shows how important good design is for ALL your audio cables, and that every manufacturer has to manage all the same variables to produce these results. There is little “magic” in the design of good cables. There are indeed tertiary variables that we can’t measure, but those should not influence the ones we can measure, or at least not excessively so. Mother Nature abhors complexity, so the better managed the known variables in a cable are, the more properly it may highlight “unknowns.” To put it another way, the more we put knowns into their proper place, the better we may distinguish the effects of the unknown. Wire draw science, for instance, can be heard better, and more fairly, in a superior electromagnetic design.
Belden appreciates your interest in how quality interconnects are made, and how / why ICONOCLAST RCA and XLR cables were physically derived as you see them in their production form. We have no special sauce or magic in our products, and I think that the cables perform as well as they do BECAUSE we did not design around “unknowns” and then make it appear as though we had unique influence on those unknowns in the design.
Truly low R, L and C cables are difficult to make when consideration is given to all three variables to manage them in a truly balanced fashion. The designs can be frustratingly simple looking but hard to manufacture, as processes are pushed to the limits of current capabilities. Belden’s focus is to make real measured values as low, and properly balanced, as we can. ICONOCLAST interconnects represent the pinnacle of low frequency measurements and electrical balance between the RCA and XLR (same electromagnetic properties).
The next design analysis will look at the SPEAKER cable.<|endoftext|>Beau Mirchoff sta attualmente girando un film chiamato Festa in barca . Si tratta di una festa in barca, dice. Beau ha 28 anni, una chioma gonfia e amabile e occhi birichini. Ha recitato professionalmente da quando aveva 14 anni. Nel 2006, era in Film spaventoso 4 - quella è stata una specie di grande occasione. Più tardi, ha avuto una corsa di cinque anni nella sitcom del liceo di MTV Imbarazzante. Ha recitato al fianco di David Duchovny in Acquario, per la NBC, e al fianco di Selena Gomez, quando erano entrambi più giovani, in Disney's Il ritorno dei maghi: Alex contro Alex.
Beau Mirchoff
Numero di GIF su GIPHY: 917
Cammina nella sua roulotte sul Festa in barca ambientato ad Atlanta, dove la pioggia ha creato scompiglio nel programma delle riprese. Festa in barca viene prodotto da una società chiamata Crackle. Beau è il primo ragazzo a dirti che non sapeva del tutto cosa fosse Crackle un anno fa. Beh, sapeva che era la cosa di Jerry Seinfeld Comici in auto che prendono il caffè era su. Adora quello spettacolo, dice.
Quindi questa è la misura della mia conoscenza di Crackle, dice Beau. Ma avevano una sceneggiatura davvero divertente, il personaggio è fantastico, hanno delle persone fantastiche attaccate, era come, 'Facciamolo. Perché no?' Sbircia fuori dalla sua roulotte e vede lo stesso set cinematografico che ha visto una dozzina di volte prima. In termini di riprese, non c'è niente di diverso tra questo film e un altro piccolo film. Hai gli stessi reparti. Stessa roba.
La vita di un giovane attore a Hollywood è sempre stata caratterizzata da un certo grado di
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by trusting the validity of reasoning.” Ibid., 91-92
Ibid., 155
Ibid., 156
Ibid., 156
Julius T. Fraser, Of Time, Passion, and Knowledge, (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1975), 239
J.T. Fraser, Ibid., 156
Julius T. Fraser, Ibid., 438
Ibid., 438
J.T. Fraser, Ibid., 157
Table 1 is taken from Rosemary Huisman, “The origin of language and narrative temporalities”, from The Study of Time, Vol.14, Ed. Raji Steineck and Claudia Clausius (Leiden: Brill, 2013), 50. Fraser summarizes the structure of his theory accordingly: “As the universe cooled, many of these objects jelled into ponderable matter and collected in galaxies. Upon a speck of such matter living organisms arose; from among them came our species with its ability to transform experiences and feelings into symbols and employ these symbols in the building of civilizations. Corresponding to these evolutionary steps, the hierarchical theory of time recognizes five stable, hierarchically nested integrative levels of nature. By hierarchically nested is meant that each integrative level subsumes the functions and structures of the one or ones beneath it, and each adds to the potentialities of its predecessors certain new degrees of freedom. Beginning with the most complex one, those organizational levels are the mental processes and their universe of symbolic representations; the processes of life; the physical processes of the astronomical universe of massive matter; the processes of elementary objects; and the chaos of radiative energy […] When the time-related teachings of the sciences and the humanities are systematically surveyed and arranged to correspond to the hierarchy of the stable organizational levels, five distinct concepts of time and five different types of causations are recognized.” J.T. Fraser, Ibid., 90-91
In page 16 of his Treatise on Rhythm, Color, and Ornithology vol.1, Messiaen writes at length on the question of time and eternity: “Alone, God is identical to his being, and by the same token, identical to his eternity. […] Anteriority and posteriority are the essential conditions of time; […] They do not exist in that which is stable, uniform, indivisible. That is to say, they do not exist in eternity […] [but] characterize human time.” From Olivier Messiaen, Treatise on Rhythm, Color, and Ornithology Vol.1, trans. Melody Baggech (Ph.D. dissertation, University of Oklahoma, 1999), 16
Messiaen’s idea of time is undoubtedly Platonic. Just like Plato, Messiaen via Saint Thomas also treats the duality time-eternity, as including a region of ambiguous in-betweenness: “We know that the angels live in the aevum, that is the intermediary between time and eternity.” (Messian, 16) At least we have learned where they reside! Nevertheless, this “angelic” region is also similar to Fraser’s eotemporal level of pure succession, or as Fraser points out the physicist’s small “t” which in classical physics can take both positive and negative values without disrupting the correct solution of a problem.
Ibid., 17
Physicist Julian Barbour’s popular book The End of Time, uses quantum mechanics to hypothesize, ironically enough considering my rejection of Plato’s dualistic approach, the “logical possibility, [that] the appearance of time can arise from utter timelessness.” (Julian Barbour, The End of Time (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999), 35. By “appearance” he means the illusory appearance of time as perceived by e.g. humans.
“If artistic expression truly derives from the capacity of the artist, via his specific skills, to roam freely among the temporal Umwelts of man, then music—with its intimate auditory entry into man’s self-definition—is the art of arts, par excellence; not simply because it is not [only] spatial, but primarily because it embraces all levels of temporality.” From, Julius T. Fraser, Ibid., 411<|endoftext|>Нашли опечатку? Выделите ее мышкой и нажмите Ctrl+Enter
Название: Number: The Language of Science
Авторы: Dantzig T., Mazur B., Mazur J.
Einstein himself praised this fascinating work on numbers, which was first published in 1930, then revised and expanded through the 1954 4th ed. reprinted here with a foreword by Barry Mazur (Harvard U.) and a brief preface by his brother Joseph Mazur (Marlboro College). The story is written for the general reader and conveys in simple, clear language, with many examples and quotes, the great and profound meaning that lies behind the human invention of numbers and math by showing their relation to human knowledge and experience of all kinds. New endnotes and an annotated bibliography have been added<|endoftext|>The rise of accessible commercial eye-tracking systems has fueled a rapid increase in their use in psychological and psychiatric research. By providing a direct, detailed and objective measure of gaze behavior, eye-tracking has become a valuable tool for examining abnormal perceptual strategies in clinical populations and has been used to identify disorder-specific characteristics1, promote early identification2, and inform treatment3. In particular, investigators of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have benefited from integrating eye-tracking into their research paradigms4-7. Eye-tracking has largely been used in these studies to reveal mechanisms underlying impaired task performance8 and abnormal brain functioning9, particularly during the processing of social information1,10-11. While older children and adults with ASD comprise the preponderance of research in this area, eye-tracking may be especially useful for studying young children with the disorder as it offers a non-invasive tool for assessing and quantifying early-emerging developmental abnormalities2,12-13. Implementing eye-tracking with young children with ASD, however, is associated with a number of unique challenges, including issues with compliant behavior resulting from specific task demands and disorder-related psychosocial considerations. In this protocol, we detail methodological considerations for optimizing research design, data acquisition and psychometric analysis while eye-tracking young children with ASD. The provided recommendations are also designed to be more broadly applicable for eye-tracking children with other developmental disabilities. By offering guidelines for best practices in these areas based upon lessons derived from our own work, we hope to help other investigators make sound research design and analysis choices while avoiding common pitfalls that can compromise data acquisition while eye-tracking young children with ASD or other developmental difficulties.
19 Related JoVE Articles!
Measuring Attentional Biases for Threat in Children and Adults
Institutions: Rutgers University.
Investigators have long been interested in the human propensity for the rapid detection of threatening stimuli. However, until recently, research in this domain has focused almost exclusively on adult participants, completely ignoring the topic of threat detection over the course of development. One of the biggest reasons for the lack of developmental work in this area is likely the absence of a reliable paradigm that can measure perceptual biases for threat in children. To address this issue, we recently designed a modified visual search paradigm similar to the standard adult paradigm that is appropriate for studying threat detection in preschool-aged participants. Here we describe this new procedure. In the general paradigm, we present participants with matrices of color photographs, and ask them to find and touch a target on the screen. Latency to touch the target is recorded. Using a touch-screen monitor makes the procedure simple and easy, allowing us to collect data in participants ranging from 3 years of age to adults. Thus far, the paradigm has consistently shown that both adults and children detect threatening stimuli (e.g.,
snakes, spiders, angry/fearful faces) more quickly than neutral stimuli (e.g.,
flowers, mushrooms, happy/neutral faces). Altogether, this procedure provides an important new tool for researchers interested in studying the development of attentional biases for threat.
Behavior, Issue 92, Detection, threat, attention, attentional bias, anxiety, visual search
EEG Mu Rhythm in Typical and Atypical Development
Institutions: University of Washington, University of Washington.
Electroencephalography (EEG) is an effective, efficient, and noninvasive method of assessing and recording brain activity. Given the excellent temporal resolution, EEG can be used to examine the neural response related to specific behaviors, states, or external stimuli. An example of this utility is the assessment of the mirror neuron system (MNS) in humans through the examination of the EEG mu rhythm. The EEG mu rhythm, oscillatory activity in the 8-12 Hz frequency range recorded from centrally located electrodes, is suppressed when an individual executes, or simply observes, goal directed actions. As such, it has been proposed to reflect activity of the MNS. It has been theorized that dysfunction in the mirror neuron system (MNS) plays a contributing role in the social deficits of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The MNS can then be noninvasively examined in clinical populations by using EEG mu rhythm attenuation as an index for its activity. The described protocol provides an avenue to examine social cognitive functions theoretically linked to the MNS in individuals with typical and atypical development, such as ASD.
Medicine, Issue 86, Electroencephalography (EEG), mu rhythm, imitation, autism spectrum disorder, social cognition, mirror neuron system
Progressive-ratio Responding for Palatable High-fat and High-sugar Food in Mice
Institutions: University of Montreal.
Foods that are rich in fat and sugar significantly contribute to over-eating and escalating rates of obesity. The consumption of palatable foods can produce a rewarding effect that strengthens action-outcome associations and reinforces future behavior directed at obtaining these foods. Increasing evidence that the rewarding effects of energy-dense foods play a profound role in overeating and the development of obesity has heightened interest in studying the genes, molecules and neural circuitry that modulate food reward1,2
. The rewarding impact of different stimuli can be studied by measuring the willingness to work to obtain them, such as in operant conditioning tasks3
. Operant models of food reward measure acquired and voluntary behavioral responses that are directed at obtaining food. A commonly used measure of reward strength is an operant procedure known as the progressive ratio (PR) schedule of reinforcement.4,5
In the PR task, the subject is required to make an increasing number of operant responses for each successive reward. The pioneering study of Hodos (1961) demonstrated that the number of responses made to obtain the last reward, termed the breakpoint, serves as an index of reward strength4
. While operant procedures that measure changes in response rate alone cannot separate changes in reward strength from alterations in performance capacity, the breakpoint derived from the PR schedule is a well-validated measure of the rewarding effects of food. The PR task has been used extensively to assess the rewarding impact of drugs of abuse and food in rats (e.g.,6-8
), but to a lesser extent in mice9
. The increased use of genetically engineered mice and diet-induced obese mouse models has heightened demands for behavioral measures of food reward in mice. In the present article we detail the materials and procedures used to train mice to respond (lever-press) for a high-fat and high-sugar food pellets on a PR schedule of reinforcement. We show that breakpoint response thresholds increase following acute food deprivation and decrease with peripheral administration of the anorectic hormone leptin and thereby validate the use of this food-operant paradigm in mice.
Neuroscience, Issue 63, behavioral neuroscience, operant conditioning, food, reward, obesity, leptin, mouse
Testing Drosophila Olfaction with a Y-maze Assay
Institutions: UMR-6265 CNRS, UMR-1324 INRA, Université de Bourgogne.
Detecting signals from the environment is essential for animals to ensure their survival. To this aim, they use environmental cues such as vision, mechanoreception, hearing, and chemoperception through taste, via direct contact or through olfaction, which represents the response to a volatile molecule acting at longer range. Volatile chemical molecules are very important signals for most animals in the detection of danger, a source of food, or to communicate between individuals. Drosophila melanogaster
is one of the most common biological models for scientists to explore the cellular and molecular basis of olfaction. In order to highlight olfactory abilities of this small insect, we describe a modified choice protocol based on the Y-maze test classically used with mice. Data obtained with Y-mazes give valuable information to better understand how animals deal with their perpetually changing environment. We introduce a step-by-step protocol to study the impact of odorants on fly exploratory response using this Y-maze assay.
Neuroscience, Issue 88, environmental effects (biological, animal and plant), genetics (animal and plant), life sciences, animal biology, behavioral sciences, Y-maze, olfaction, adult, choice, behavior, Drosophila melanogaster
Measurement Of Neuromagnetic Brain Function In Pre-school Children With Custom Sized MEG
Institutions: Macquarie University.
Magnetoencephalography is a technique that detects magnetic fields associated with cortical activity . The electrophysiological activity of the brain generates electric fields - that can be recorded using electroencephalography (EEG)- and their concomitant magnetic fields - detected by MEG. MEG signals are detected by specialized sensors known as superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs). Superconducting sensors require cooling with liquid helium at -270 °C. They are contained inside a vacumm-insulated helmet called a dewar, which is filled with liquid. SQUIDS are placed in fixed positions inside the helmet dewar in the helium coolant, and a subject's head is placed inside the helmet dewar for MEG measurements. The helmet dewar must be sized to satisfy opposing constraints. Clearly, it must be large enough to fit most or all of the heads in the population that will be studied. However, the helmet must also be small enough to keep most of the SQUID sensors within range of the tiny cerebral fields that they are to measure. Conventional whole-head MEG systems are designed to accommodate more than 90% of adult heads. However adult systems are not well suited for measuring brain function in pre-school chidren whose heads have a radius several cm smaller than adults. The KIT-Macquarie Brain Research Laboratory at Macquarie University uses a MEG system custom sized to fit the heads of pre-school children. This child system has 64 first-order axial gradiometers with a 50 mm baseline and is contained inside a magnetically-shielded room (MSR) together with a conventional adult-sized MEG system [3,4]. There are three main advantages of the customized helmet dewar for studying children. First, the smaller radius of the sensor configuration brings the SQUID sensors into range of the neuromagnetic signals of children's heads. Second, the smaller helmet allows full insertion of a child's head into the dewar. Full insertion is prevented in adult dewar helmets because of the smaller crown to shoulder distance in children. These two factors are fundamental in recording brain activity using MEG because neuromagnetic signals attenuate rapidly with distance. Third, the customized child helmet aids in the symmetric positioning of the head and limits the freedom of movement of the child's head within the dewar. When used with a protocol that aligns the requirements of data collection with the motivational and behavioral capacities of children, these features significantly facilitate setup, positioning, and measurement of MEG signals.
Neuroscience, Issue 36, Magnetoencephalography, Pediatrics, Brain Mapping, Language, Brain Development, Cognitive Neuroscience, Language Acquisition, Linguistics
Assessment of Ultrasonic Vocalizations During Drug Self-administration in Rats
Institutions: University of Texas at Austin, University of Texas at Austin, University of Michigan, University of Texas at Austin, University of Texas at Austin.
Drug self-administration procedures are commonly used to study behavioral and neurochemical changes associated with human drug abuse, addiction and relapse. Various types of behavioral activity are commonly utilized as measures of drug motivation in animals. However, a crucial component of drug abuse relapse in abstinent cocaine users is "drug craving", which is difficult to model in animals, as it often occurs in the absence of overt behaviors. Yet, it is possible that a class of ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) in rats may be a useful marker for affective responses to drug administration, drug anticipation and even drug craving. Rats vocalize in ultrasonic frequencies that serve as a communicatory function and express subjective emotional states. Several studies have shown that different call frequency ranges are associated with negative and positive emotional states. For instance, high frequency calls ("50-kHz") are associated with positive affect, whereas low frequency calls ("22-kHz") represent a negative emotional state. This article describes a procedure to assess rat USVs associated with daily cocaine self-administration. For this procedure, we utilized standard single-lever operant chambers housed within sound-attenuating boxes for cocaine self-administration sessions and utilized ultrasonic microphones, multi-channel recording hardware and specialized software programs to detect and analyze USVs. USVs measurements reflect emotionality of rats before, during and after drug availability and can be correlated with commonly assessed drug self-administration behavioral data such lever responses, inter-response intervals and locomotor activity. Since USVs can be assessed during intervals prior to drug availability (e.g., anticipatory USVs) and during drug extinction trials, changes in affect associated with drug anticipation and drug abstinence can also be determined. In addition, determining USV changes over the course of short- and long-term drug exposure can provide a more detailed interpretation of drug exposure effects on affective functioning.
JoVE Neuroscience, Issue 41, ultrasound, behavior, self-administration, emotionality, anticipation, reward
Studying Food Reward and Motivation in Humans
Institutions: University of Cambridge, University of Cambridge, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital.
A key challenge in studying reward processing in humans is to go beyond subjective self-report measures and quantify different aspects of reward such as hedonics, motivation, and goal value in more objective ways. This is particularly relevant for the understanding of overeating and obesity as well as their potential treatments. In this paper are described a set of measures of food-related motivation using handgrip force as a motivational measure. These methods can be used to examine changes in food related motivation with metabolic (satiety) and pharmacological manipulations and can be used to evaluate interventions targeted at overeating and obesity. However to understand food-related decision making in the complex food environment it is essential to be able to ascertain the reward goal values that guide the decisions and behavioral choices that people make. These values are hidden but it is possible to ascertain them more objectively using metrics such as the willingness to pay and a method for this is described. Both these sets of methods provide quantitative measures of motivation and goal value that can be compared within and between individuals.
Behavior, Issue 85, Food reward, motivation, grip force, willingness to pay, subliminal motivation
Simultaneous Multicolor Imaging of Biological Structures with Fluorescence Photoactivation Localization Microscopy
Institutions: University of Maine.
Localization-based super resolution microscopy can be applied to obtain a spatial map (image) of the distribution of individual fluorescently labeled single molecules within a sample with a spatial resolution of tens of nanometers. Using either photoactivatable (PAFP) or photoswitchable (PSFP) fluorescent proteins fused to proteins of interest, or organic dyes conjugated to antibodies or other molecules of interest, fluorescence photoactivation localization microscopy (FPALM) can simultaneously image multiple species of molecules within single cells. By using the following
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The disorder is characterized by a pattern of continued pathological use of a medication, non-medically indicated drug or toxin, that results in repeated adverse social consequences related to drug use, such as failure to meet work, family, or school obligations, interpersonal conflicts, or legal problems. There are on-going debates as to the exact distinctions between substance abuse and substance dependence, but current practice standard distinguishes between the two by defining substance dependence in terms of physiological and behavioral symptoms of substance use, and substance abuse in terms of the social consequences of substance use.
Substance abuse may lead to addiction or substance dependence. Medically, physiologic dependence requires the development of tolerance leading to withdrawal symptoms. Both abuse and dependence are distinct from addiction which involves a compulsion to continue using the substance despite the negative consequences, and may or may not involve chemical dependency. Dependence almost always implies abuse, but abuse frequently occurs without dependence, particularly when an individual first begins to abuse a substance. Dependence involves physiological processes while substance abuse reflects a complex interaction between the individual, the abused substance and society.
Distinct from the concept of drug abuse:
Substance abuse is sometimes used as a synonym for drug abuse, drug addiction, and chemical dependency, but actually refers to the use of substances in a manner outside sociocultural conventions. All use of illicit drugs and all use of licit drugs in a manner not dictated by convention (e.g. according to physician's orders or societal norms) is abuse according to this definition, however there is no universally accepted definition of substance abuse.
The physical harm for twenty drugs was compared in an article in the Lancet, with the results shown in the diagram. Physical harm was assigned a value from 0 to 3 for acute harm, chronic harm and intravenous harm. Shown is the mean physical harm. Not shown, but also evaluated, was the social harm.
Inpatient Medical Director for the world-renowned Betty Ford Center Certified in Addiction Medicine. Fellow of the American Society of Addiction Medicine Expertise in Internal Medicine Certified Medical Review Officer, with expertise in detection and analysis of all drugs of abuse. Nationally recognized authority in Addiction Medicine and opiate detoxification by numerous state and federal agencies, including the Center for Substance Abuse Treatment (CSAT) and the National Institute of Drug Abuse (NIDA).<|endoftext|>CATANIA. Un pomeriggio di riflessioni e spunti su quanto la Chiesa di Catania, tramite l'azione della Caritas Diocesana, ha compiuto negli ultimi dieci anni per aiutare famiglie e le imprese nell'accesso a prestiti bancari agevolati tramite istituti di credito convenzionati con l'organismo diocesano, così da alleviare e prevenire situazioni di potenziale esclusione sociale.<|endoftext|>Breaking bad quiz : quanto conosci la serie?
Quanto conosci questa serie?la serie è stata pubblicata per la prima volta nel 2008, la gente è rimasta affascinata dall'idea di un insegnante di chimica che produce metanfetamine. L'abbinamento di questo apparentemente noioso padre di famiglia di periferia con un ragazzino di cannone sciolto era decisamente strano ma c'era qualcosa nella loro relazione. I due hanno iniziato a cucinare insieme in un camper e hanno dovuto sopportare così tante situazioni che hanno creato un legame. Le loro esperienze di vita sono state spesso traumatiche, agghiaccianti e decisamente folli ed è esattamente ciò che ha affascinato il pubblico per l'intera serie. Ci sono state solo cinque stagioni di Breaking Badma la serie ha fatto valere ogni episodio. Il pubblico si sentiva sempre come se fosse seduto sul bordo dei loro posti in questo avvincente dramma criminale AMC.Comincia subito il quiz e rispondi a tutte le domande senza errori.<|endoftext|>文章亮点:
- 西兰花、菜花和卷心菜会让你“放臭屁”，但是它不影响健康
- 我们的身体每天平均会排气10-20次
- 严重腹痛，不排便不排气，可能会导致肠梗阻，应及时就医
关于“放屁”的10件小事
放屁或者排气这事，说起来也许会让人害羞，但是这是身体的一个自然反应。身体因消化道菌群产生而凝集在大肠里的气体，加上肠胃蠕动，就会排出气体，医学上也叫“排矢气”。有时候排气也和身体健康状况有关。
当“放屁”或排气时，身体在告诉我们什么
一般人每天大概会“放屁”10-20次。排气的次数太多或者太少都可能表示身体有异常，可能是疾病的先兆，所以我们也应该加以注意。
- 多种食物会导致排气：我们吃的肉，鸡蛋，牛奶，豆子，奶酪，卷心菜，洋葱，酒喝碳酸饮料都会导致体内聚集过多气体。
- 富含硫的食物在排气时会产生臭味：例如西兰花，菜花，卷心菜就会让排气时有臭味，味道和肉类中的硫化物也是，饮用牛奶也会产生这种气体。
- 没有充分咀嚼的食物： 导致食物不消化，腹胀气，使得肠道消化菌群大量工作帮助消化，就会产生更多的气体。
- 牙齿的健康 ：例如老人的牙齿不好，在咀嚼食物，或者吃口香糖时，就会吞食大量空气到消化道中。
- 缺少乳糖酶：当我们吃乳糖丰富的食物，例如牛奶，酸奶，乳制品等，乳糖不能被吸收，大肠内的细菌就会促使乳糖发酵，致使大量气体聚集在大肠里。
- 麸质不耐受 ：麸质是小麦，大麦以及玉米中的一种醣蛋白，现在我们吃的面包就使用这种面筋，使面包更有嚼劲，包括燕麦，饼干，麦片和或者在斋食中作揉的替代品。过敏症状和乳制品过敏相同，会导致胃胀气，腹泻等。
- 肠易激综合症 ：导致腹痛腹胀，感觉肚子里有风，并常常排气。
- 排气时伴随腹痛、腹胀气：可能是胃炎等疾病引起的消化不良。
- 频繁排气且体重减轻：大便异常，便秘或腹泻，贫血，就需要小心，最好能做肠镜检查。
- 严重腹痛：不排便不排气 可能是由肠梗阻引起，需要立即就医。如果觉得排气异常，不确定是不是生病，则不要犹豫，去医院检查，以便及时治疗。
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医生评价<|endoftext|>Kudüs (AA)- İsrail Bakanlar Kurulu, aşırı sağ partilerden "İsrail Evimiz" lideri Avigdor Lieberman'ın, "Stratejik Tehditlerden Sorumlu Başbakan Yardımcılığı" görevine atanmasını onayladı.
Lieberman'ın atanmasına tek hayır, baştan bu yana bu atamaya en sert eleştirileri yönelten İşçi Partili Bilim, Kültür ve Spor Bakanı Ophir Pines-Paz'dan geldi.
Pines-Paz'ın, bu atamadan sonra hükümetten istifa etmesi bekleniyor.
Avigdor Lieberman'ın kabine üyeliği ve partisinin koalisyona katılımı, İsrail Parlamentosunda da bugün akşam saatlerinde oylanacak.<|endoftext|>In the story of Joseph in Genesis 42, we read about his first meeting with his brothers:
7 And Joseph saw his brethren, and he knew them, but made himself strange unto them, and spake roughly unto them; and he said unto them, Whence come ye? And they said, From the land of Canaan to buy food.
In the English text, nothing strikes us as unusual in this sentence. However, when we read this verse in Hebrew, we discover something very intriguing: The verb for ‘he knew them’ (וַיַּכִּרֵם), and the verb for ‘he made himself strange unto them’ (וַיִּתְנַכֵּר אֲלֵיהֶם) are derived from the same root! Can you imagine? These two actions, not only very different, but in a sense, completely opposite – “to recognize” and “to disguise” – are expressed with verbs coming from the very same root. It is absolutely impossible to translate, and almost impossible to even explain.
This is an exceptionally beautiful example of how deep and multifaceted the Hebrew language is – how profound His Word is. Biblical Hebrew is primarily a verbal language, and the verbs are derived from the roots. Roots are three-consonant groups that comprise the “essence” of the word’s meaning. Most of the verbs in Hebrew are formed from this three-consonant root by changing vowels and by adding different prefixes and suffixes, thus forming different stems. Depending on their stem (binyan), verbs from the same root can have very different meanings, as we see here in our text. Nevertheless, being derived from the very same root, they all have something in common, they all relate to the very same “essence”.
Yes, Joseph made himself a stranger, and yes, he was unrecognizable,- yet, out of his disguise, this amazing root of knowing and recognition touches the hearts of the brothers with something painfully familiar. No wonder, from the very first meeting with this Egyptian viceroy, they knew it was all about Joseph, even though there seemed to be no connection at all between the stories. No wonder, after Joseph’s accusation, and despite its lack of sense and the total absence of any connection between the accusation itself and the demand to bring the youngest brother, they said one to another, We are verily guilty concerning our brother, in that we saw the anguish of his soul, when he besought us, and we would not hear; therefore is this distress come upon us. The Spirit of God is touching their hearts, and their hearts are burning, even though their eyes could not recognize their brother – and this whole incredible dynamic is reflected in those two verbs, opposite in meaning but derived from the same root: hikir – hitnaker.
It’s difficult to find a more beautiful or more profound biblical expression of the mystery of the Hidden Messiah. I’ve been thinking, praying and writing about Hidden Messiah for years, but when I was given these words, once again I stepped back in awe – humbled and overwhelmed by the unsearchable depth of His Word. This interplay between hikir and hitnaker – between “recognized” and “made himself strange” – although completely lost in translation, is incredibly profound. Could the brothers have recognized Joseph from the very beginning? Should they have recognized him from the very beginning? The fact that he ‘made himself strange unto them’, means that he didn’t want them to recognize him, right? Otherwise, his whole plan to bring them to complete repentance, based on bringing Benjamin to him, would have been ruined. We know the story. We know they were not supposed to recognize him, and yet this common root, this common essence tells us that the mystery is even deeper than we thought. Joseph was hidden, but he was “as though” hidden. He made himself a stranger, and did not want them to recognize him, yet their hearts perceived what their eyes did not.
And this brings us back to our story – to the story of the “burning hearts” and the “restrained eyes”; to the story of the Transitional Chapter; to the story of Emmaus. There are striking parallels between these stories that we cannot ignore. Of course, the first parallel is obvious: in both stories, he knows them, but they don’t know, don’t recognize, him. Moreover, if we compare the sentences in Hebrew, we find that the very same expression is used in both cases: in Genesis 42:8 and Luke 24:16 וְהֵ֖ם לֹ֥א הִכִּרֻֽהוּ – they didn’t recognize (know) him. Thus, the story of Joseph foreshadows the same mystery of the Hidden Messiah, that the story on the Emmaus Road gives us the key for.
Speaking about key – in our Key Number Five post, we learned that the only time in the entire Septuagint when the line “and their eyes were opened” occurred, in the same way, and in the very same wording as it is found in Luke: δε διηνοιχθησαν οι οφθαλμοι, was in the third chapter of the Book of Genesis, in one of the most dramatic scenes in Scripture. When Adam and Eve (Hava) sinned – when they violated the command God had given them and ate the fruit of the Tree of Knowledge; when everything changed and everything was turned upside down; at this fateful moment of creation – “their eyes were opened…” Adam and Eve, who had until then only seen God and His reality – and everything else only in the light of His reality – began to see the world with a clouded, sinful vision, which, from that time onward became, and has remained, humanity’s vision of reality. They left His presence – and their eyes were opened to this worldview.
If we apply this Key to the amazing dynamic of Hikir-Hitnaker, as it is expressed in the story of Joseph, we understand that, even before the eyes of the disciples were opened – this time, opened in the reverse direction, to see that which is invisible to common human vision – their hearts were touched with a glimpse of recognition, as were the hearts of Josephs’ brothers.
Once again, this common root, this common “essence” of the two verbs, “recognize” and “disguise”, tells us that this mystery is even deeper than we thought. Yes, Yeshua seems to them a stranger, and yes, they cannot recognize Him, but the mystery of the Hidden Messiah, the mystery of Hikir–Hitnaker, is unfolding here, and therefore this stranger touches the hearts of the disciples with something wonderfully familiar – and their hearts tremble under this touch. The Unrecognized sparks in them a glimpse of recognition of their true destiny – of that pre-Fall reality when man still could see God. That is why their hearts were burning as they walked along. We all have this “pledge of the Spirit” within us, and that is why our hearts also burn when God is near – even when our eyes are restrained and do not recognize him!
Next week, we will sum up all the ideas that we have discussed so far, and we will examine the lessons and the conclusions of the Hidden Messiah series.
Gen. 42:7
Gen. 42:21
Gen .3: 7
1 Cor.5:5<|endoftext|>简介
本文涉及思科网真系统Codec C90和思科网真系统Codec C60产品。
问：连接到我的TANDBERG编解码器的显示器的绿色显示了整个图像。如何解决此问题？
A.此问题在软件版本TC2.0.0及更高版本中已解决。
此答案对以下产品有效：
TANDBERG编解码器C60
TANDBERG Codec C90
这是已知不常发生的错误，某些显示器连接到HDMI输出。
您可以通过激活编解码器上的备用模式来解决此问题。当编解码器再次唤醒时，应恢复正常输出。要激活备用，请按住遥控器上的End call 键（红色键），直到屏幕上出现“Standby”菜单。选择“Standby now（立即备用）” ，然后按远程控制器上的“OK（确定）”键。
或者，断开并重新连接显示器（HDMI连接器）以恢复正常输出。
相关信息<|endoftext|>The third anniversary of the Fukushima meltdown will occur on March 11th.
The news is that Prime Minister Shinzo Abe and major Japanese corporations want to re-open the 50 other nuclear power plants that closed when Fukushima blew up, calling them a friendly economic source of cheap power. Will this end up with business as usual?
We were recently asked if we thought that Fukushima could ever be cleaned up. We have to say “no,” based upon what we know of the biology, chemistry and physics of nuclear power and isotopes and the history of nuclear development.
Chernobyl melted down in 1986 and is still releasing radioisotopes. Not all life systems were examined around Chernobyl, but of those that were – wild and domestic animals, birds, insects, plants, fungi, fish, trees, and humans, all were damaged, many permanently, thus what happens to animals and plants with short-term life spans is predictive of those with longer ones. Worldwide, some 985,000 “excess” deaths resulted from the Chernobyl fallout
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2,994 | 3 | 3 |
şehrinden Casar de Talavera şehrine seyahat eden ucuz otobüs ya da lüks otobüs biletleri olsun bütçenizin ne kadar olduğuna bağlı olarak aradığınızı bulmanıza yardımcı oluruz.
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Busbud.com dünyanın her tarafında bir şehirden diğerine otobüs bileti bulmayı, karşılaştırmayı ve satın almayı daha kolay hale getirir. Sizi otobüs terminaline kadar gitmekten kurtarıyoruz. Busbud ile nereye giderseniz gidin, kendi dilinizde ve para biriminizde, dünya çapında bir otobüs durağına sahipsiniz. Busbud dünya çapındaki ortaklıklarıyla övünür. Süha Turizm, Esadaş, Vangölü, Balıkesir Uludağ, Efe Tur, Seç Turizm, Efe Tur and Balıkesir Uludağ ve daha birçokları gibi güvenilir otobüs ortaklarının geniş ağı ile bilet satın almanızı mümkün hale getiriyoruz.
Neden Busbud?
- Süper Hızlı
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- Uzman Ekip<|endoftext|>Rebonded Süngerpan özellikleri nelerdir ? Ne amaçlı kullanılır ? Uygulaması nasıl yapılır ?
Rebonded bondex süngerpanın oluşumu diğer süngerlerden çok farklıdır.Sedece oluşumu değil ses kesme kapasitesi ve kullanım amacıda diğer süngerlerden oldukça farklıdır.Ses izolasyon süngeri olan rebonded bondex süngerpan
Çeşitli kaynaklardan elde edilen köpük parçaları üretim ve tüketim sonrası atıklar için uygun olabilir ve yapıştırma dahil, ancak uygulama üretim giydirmesi ve dökülenler, en yaygın işlenmiş. Granulators ve tutam -mills normalde doğramak için kullanılan köpük parçalara yaklaşık bir santimetre çapındadır.
Gelişmiş teknoloji kullanılarak büyük ve küçük köpük parçalar ilk önce kalıplar halinde yapılır,daha sonra ince veya küçük şeritler halinde azaltılabilir.
Rebonded bondex süngerpan duvar ses izolasyonu,tavan ses izolasyonu ve zemin ses izolasyonunda kullanılabilir.
Tekne motorlarında , yat motorunda , kompresör kabinlerinde, disko, konser, toplantı salonları kısacası ses yalıtımı gereken , titreşimlerin olduğu her noktada kullanılmaktadır.
Rebonded bondex süngerpan özellikleri
Rebonded bondex süngerpan teknik bilgiler
Rebonded kalitesi çeşitli faktörlere bağlıdır :<|endoftext|>李大釗━━第一次對馬克思主義作系統完整介紹的人
在中國最早接受馬克思主義的是李大釗。１９１９年５月，李大釗為《新青年》主編了《馬克思主義研究專號》，并親自撰寫了《我的馬克思主義觀》一文，對馬克思主義的三個組成部分——政治經濟學、科學社會主義和唯物史觀的基本觀點作了系統介紹。這是中國人著作中第一次對馬克思主義作系統完整的介紹，它對毛澤東、周恩來等一大批先進青年了解并接受馬克思主義起了重要作用。
第一個把《共產黨宣言》全文傳入中國的人
陳望道是第一個把《共產黨宣言》翻譯成中文，把這一著作全文傳入中國的人。他是浙江義烏縣人，１９１５年留學日本，１９１９年６月回國后，任浙江第一師范學校教師，積極從事新文化運動和宣傳馬克思主義的活動。１９２０年６月，他參加了陳獨秀等成立上海共產主義小組的活動。他于１９１９年底，完成了《共產黨宣言》的翻譯工作，１９２０年８月，《共產黨宣言》第一個中文全譯本公開出版?！豆伯a黨宣言》等馬克思主義經典著作的傳播對中國革命產生了重要影響。
中國共產黨第一次全國代表大會
１９２１年７月２３日至８月初，中國共產黨第一次全國代表大會在上海舉行。出席大會的有國內各地和旅日共產主義小組的代表１３人，他們代表著當時全國總共只有的５０多名黨員。黨的第一次全國代表大會的中心任務是討論正式成立中國共產黨的問題。中國共產黨的成立是一件具有劃時代歷史意義的大事，它標志中國革命的一個重大轉折點，正如毛澤東所說：“自從有了中國共產黨，中國革命的面目就煥然一新了?！?/p>
第一次提出反帝反封建的民主革命綱領
中國共產黨第二次全國代表大會于１９２２年７月在上海舉行，大會的主要任務是要確定黨在現階段的革命綱領。大會宣言根據列寧關于民族殖民地問題的理論和黨成立后對中國革命基本問題的探索，制定了黨的最低綱領和最高綱領。黨的最低綱領，即黨在民主革命階段的主要綱領是：消除內亂，打倒軍閥，建設國內和平；推翻國際帝國主義的壓迫，達到中華民族完全獨立；統一中國為真正的民主共和國。自鴉片戰爭以來，中國人民實際上就是受著帝國主義和封建主義的雙重壓迫，并與此進行著斗爭。但是８０年來，從沒有任何政治力量明確地提出過反帝反封建的革命主張。中共二大的主要歷史功績就是，在中國破天荒第一次提出了反帝反封建的民主革命綱領，為中國各族人民指明了現階段革命斗爭的任務和方向。
實現第一次國共合作
辛亥革命的果實被軍閥勢力篡奪后，國民黨在幾經挫折后組織渙散，成分混雜，思想混亂，于是，孫中山同意改組國民黨，想吸收共產黨作為救活國民黨的新血液。鑒于此，中國共產黨的第三次全國代表大會決定，共產黨人以個人身份加入國民黨，實現國共合作。１９２４年１月２０日至３０日，在孫中山主持下，中國國民黨在廣州舉行第一次全國代表大會。大會通過了有共產黨人參加起草的、以反帝反封建為主要內容的宣言，確定了聯俄、聯共、扶助農工的三大政策，從而把舊三民主義發展為新三民主義。大會選舉有李大釗、譚平山、毛澤東、林伯渠、瞿秋白等１０名共產黨員為委員和候補委員的國民黨中央執行委員會。接著又改組國民黨中央黨部，共產黨人擔任了國民黨中央組織部和農民部的部長，工人部實際上也由共產黨員領導。隨后，全國大部分地區以共產黨員和國民黨左派為骨干改組或建立了各級國民黨黨部。國民黨第一次全國代表大會的召開，是國共合作正式形成的標志，是大革命高潮的起點。有了國共合作才促使全民族的大團結，才使大革命運動轟轟烈烈地開展起來。
中國共產黨的第一個反貪文件
１９２６年８月４日，中國共產黨發布了第一個反貪污腐化的文件——《堅決清洗貪污腐化分子》的中央擴大會議通告。這個通告發布于大革命的高潮中。當時，工農群眾運動蓬勃發展，為適應革命形勢的需要，黨的中央執委擴大會議確定，應當大力發展黨的組織。但一些投機分子乘大革命之機“也來敲ＣＰ（即中共）的門”，他們混入黨內后，繼而發生侵吞公款、化公為私等貪污行為，敗壞了黨在群眾中的威望。為此黨中央發出這個通告，要求各地黨組織堅決清洗貪污腐化分子，制止黨內腐化現象的發生。通告指出：“一個革命的黨若是容留這些分子（腐化分子）在內，必定會使他的黨陷于腐化，不但不能執行革命的工作，且將為群眾所厭棄。所以應該很堅決的清洗這些不良分子，和這些不良傾向奮斗，才能鞏固我們的營壘，才能樹立黨在群眾中的威望?！?/p><|endoftext|>New points of view can help you discover new solutions, ideas and answers. That’s where your imagination comes in – it can help you step into someone else’s shoes, even if it’s just for an hour. Attribute change – deliberately trying to imagine someone else’s point of view – can refresh your thinking and lead you in a new direction.
Attribute change is great for amplifying a small team into a larger one – when everyone takes on multiple points of view, you can generate lots of ideas with only a few people.
Create a list of attributes like age, job, or nationality.
Brainstorm examples for each attribute until you have a range of different points of view.
Think about the problem from every point of view. It can be helpful to do research in order to find out how attitudes and ideas differ amongst the groups you’re looking at, but if you don’t have time, your imagination goes a long way, too.<|endoftext|>Ask children if they are afraid of monsters. Why? Have them name situations which scare them. Ask them whether monsters exist or not.
(Open Monster hand prints and footprints) Print and glue throughout the daycare before children arrive at daycare. As children begin to arrive, invite them to walk like monsters, placing their hands on the monster handprints and their feet on the monster footprints.
The pictures may be used as a memory game or to spark a conversation with the group. Use them to decorate your daycare or a specific thematic corner. (Open picture game - Monsters) Print, laminate, and store in a "Ziploc" bag or in your thematic bin.
Activity sheets are suggested for each theme. Print and follow instructions. (Open activity sheets - Monsters)
Print and have children trace the letters. (Open writing activity - M like Monster)
Have fun with these wonderful workshop ideas provided by Caroline Allard.
Construction and building blocks:
- Blocks of all kinds can be used to "build" monsters.
- Add accessories children can use to make their monsters more interesting (corks, small pieces of yarn, pipe cleaners, string, paper muffin cups, etc.)
- This is the perfect time to use all the empty cardboard boxes you have collected. They are great for pretend monster houses!
Arts & crafts:
- Aluminum foil or other metallic papers.
- Various sizes of empty cardboard boxes can be used to make monsters.
- Recycled material, scraps of paper, pipe cleaners, etc.
- Anything you can get your hands on! Monsters are best when they are unique!
- A collective mural on which each child draws, glues, or crafts his own monster.
- Finger paint to create a "handmade" monster.
- Modeling dough which can be left out to dry is great for 3D monsters. Children can paint them.
- Make monster masks using paper plates.
- Coloring pages which represent monsters, bizarre creatures, and aliens.
- Shape stencils which can be used to make monsters.
- A tent or a very large box (like a box from an appliance) can become a monster house. It can be decorated using garbage bags cut into strips...a little like a Halloween haunted house. You may also add tiny Christmas lights inside.
- Masks, wigs, clothing items, etc. Children can dress up like monsters.
- Face paint and a mirror. Let children paint their own monster faces!
- What does a monster's kitchen look like? Provide Halloween dishes, stimulation bottles filled with strange items which represent spices and other elements found in monster recipes.
- Memory game involving monsters with the educatall picture game or a store-bought version.
- Puzzle representing monsters or silly creatures.
- Modeling dough can be used to make monsters. Let dry and paint.
- Assembly or gear games to make unique monsters.
- A storage bin filled with Magnetix pieces to create a magnet monster!
- Books about monsters and strange creatures. Halloween books are perfect.
- Add weird puppets or stuffed animals.
- Hunt and seek games.
- Various activity sheets related to the theme.
- Games with educatall word flashcards.
- Tracing and maze games.
- Color by number monsters.
- A monster obstacle course! Include a tunnel, chairs, a parachute...so many things can be transformed to be monster-like. Have children wear a mask or a wig throughout the obstacle course.
- Dance in the dark. Provide flashlights.
- Invent your own dance...a monster dance!
- Fill a container with cooked pasta and a few drops of dishwashing liquid.
- A dirt or mud bin.
- Bin filled with colored rice or macaroni.
- Bin filled with a variety of objects (a car, an apple, a plate, a puzzle piece, etc.)
- Make your own magic potion: combine several ingredients which do not necessarily go together.
- Various scientific experiments done by a monster (caregiver dresses up like a monster).
Use the flashcards to spark a conversation with the group or in your reading and writing area. They may also be used to identify your thematic bins. (Open word flashcards-Monsters) monster, scared, beast, alien, night, cyclope, ghost, giant, werewolf, vampire, sea monster, creature.
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND MOTOR SKILLS
The monster says...
Play just like Simon says. Give children various instructions and they must follow them only if you say, "The monster says..." first. If not, they must remain still.
Monsters having fun
Children pretend they are monsters and use cushions for a small pillow fight.
Children take large steps and make bizarre sounds. Use musical instruments to make footstep sounds.
Hide plastic monsters throughout the daycare. When you are ready, give children the signal. They must find the monsters.
Whenever you are walking towards the cloakroom, lunchroom, or bathroom, instead of walking normally, walk backwards!
Provide children with several different sizes of boxes. One child is designated to be the monster
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grief was helpful in a clinical trial.
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) works with the way a person's thoughts and behaviors are connected. CBT helps the patient learn skills that change attitudes and behaviors by replacing negative thoughts and changing the rewards of certain behaviors.
A clinical trial compared CBT to counseling for complicated grief. Results showed that patients treated with CBT had more improvement in symptoms and general mental distress than those in the counseling group.
Depression related to grief is sometimes treated with drugs.
There is no standard drug therapy for depression that occurs with grief. Some health care professionals think depression is a normal part of grief and doesn't need to be treated. Whether to treat grief-related depression with drugs is up to the patient and the health care professional to decide.
Clinical trials of antidepressants for depression related to grief have found that the drugs can help relieve depression. However, they give less relief and take longer to work than they do when used for depression that is not related to grief.
Children and Grief
A child's grief process is different from an adult's.
Children do not react to loss in the same ways as adults. These are some of the ways children's grief is different:
- Children may seem to show grief only once in a while and for short times. This may be because a child is not able to feel strong emotions for long periods of time. A grieving child may be sad one minute and playful the next. Often families think the child doesn't really understand the loss or has gotten over it quickly. Usually, neither is true. Children's minds protect them from what is too much for them to handle emotionally.
- Mourning is a process that continues over years in children. Feelings of loss may occur again and again as the child gets older. This is common at important times, such as going to camp, graduating from school, getting married, or having children.
- Grieving children may not show their feelings as openly as adults. Grieving children may throw themselves into activities instead of withdrawing or showing grief.
- Children cannot think through their thoughts and feelings like adults. Children have trouble putting their feelings about grief into words. Strong feelings of anger and fears of death or being left alone may show up in the behavior of grieving children. Children often play death games as a way of working out their feelings and worries. These games give children a safe way to express their feelings.
- Grieving adults may withdraw and not talk to other people about the loss. Children, however, often talk to the people around them (even strangers) to see how they react and to get clues for how they should respond to the loss.
- Children may ask confusing questions. For example, a child may ask, "I know grandpa died, but when will he come home?" This is a way of testing reality and making sure the story of the death has not changed.
Several factors can affect how a child will cope with grief.
Although grief is different for each child, several factors can affect the grief process of a child:
- The child's age and stage of development.
- The child's personality.
- The child's previous experiences with death.
- The child's relationship with the deceased.
- The cause of death.
- The way the child acts and communicates within the family.
- How stable the family life is after the loss.
- How the child continues to be cared for.
- Whether the child is given the chance to share and express feelings and memories.
- How the parents cope with stress.
- Whether the child has ongoing relationships with other adults.
Children at different stages of development have different understandings of death and the events near death.
Infants do not recognize death, but feelings of loss and separation are part of developing an awareness of death. Children who have been separated from their mother may be sluggish and quiet, may not respond to a smile or a coo, may have physical symptoms (such as weight loss), and may sleep less.
Age 2-3 years
Children at this age often confuse death with sleep and may feel anxiety as early as age 3. They may stop talking and appear to feel overall distress.
Age 3-6 years
At this age children see death as a kind of sleep; the person is alive, but only in a limited way. The child cannot fully separate death from life. Children may think that the person is still living, even though he or she might have been buried. The child may ask questions about the deceased (for example, how does the deceased eat, go to the toilet, breathe, or play?). Young children know that death is physical, but think it is not final.
The child's understanding of death may involve "magical thinking". For example, the child may think that his or her thoughts can cause another person to become sick or die.
Grieving children under 5 may have trouble eating, sleeping, and controlling the bladder and bowel.
Age 6-9 years
Children at this age are often very curious about death, and may ask questions about what happens to the body when it dies. Death is thought of as a person or spirit separate from the person who was alive, such as a skeleton, ghost, angel, or bogeyman. They may see death as final and scary but as something that happens mostly to old people (and not to themselves).
Grieving children can become afraid of school, have learning problems, show antisocial or aggressive behavior, or become overly worried about their own health and complain of imaginary symptoms. Children this age may either withdraw from others or become too attached and clingy.
Boys often become more aggressive and destructive (for example, acting out in school), instead of showing their sadness openly.
When one parent dies, children may feel abandoned by both the deceased parent and the living parent, whose grief may make him or her unable to emotionally support the child.
Age 9 and older
Children aged 9 and older know that death cannot be avoided and do not see it as a punishment. By the time a child is 12 years old, death is seen as final and something that happens to everyone.
|Age||Understanding of Death||Expressions of Grief|
|Infancy to 2 years||Is not yet able to understand death.||Quietness, crankiness, decreased activity, poor sleep, and weight loss.|
|Separation from mother causes changes.|
|2-6 years||Death is like sleeping.||Asks many questions (How does she go to the bathroom? How does she eat?).|
|Problems in eating, sleeping, and bladder and bowel control.|
|Fear of being abandoned.|
|Dead person continues to live and function in some ways.||"Magical thinking" (Did I think or do something that caused the death? Like when I said I hate you and I wish you would die?).|
|Death is not final.|
|Dead person can come back to life.|
|6-9 years||Death is thought of as a person or spirit (skeleton, ghost, bogeyman).||Curious about death.|
|Asks specific questions.|
|May have fears about school.|
|Death is final and scary.||May have aggressive behavior (especially boys).|
|Worries about imaginary illnesses.|
|Death happens to others, it won't happen to me.||May feel abandoned.|
|9 and older||Everyone will die.||Strong emotions, guilt, anger, shame.|
|Increased anxiety over own death.|
|Death is final.||Fear of rejection; not wanting to be different from peers.|
|Even I will die.||Changes in eating habits.|
|Regressive behavior (loss of interest in outside activities).|
|Feels guilty about being alive (especially related to death of a brother, sister, or peer).|
Most children who have had a loss have three common worries about death.
Children coping with a loss often have these three questions:
Did I make the death happen?
Children often think that they have "magical powers". If a mother is irritated and says, "You'll be the death of me" and later dies, her child may wonder if he or she actually caused the mother's death. Also, when children argue, one may say (or think), "I wish you were dead." If that child dies, the surviving child may think that those thoughts caused the death.
Is it going to happen to me?
The death of another child may be very hard for a child. If the child thinks that the death may have been prevented (by either a parent or a doctor) the child may fear that he or she could also die.
Who is going to take care of me?
Since children depend on parents and other adults to take care of them, a grieving child may wonder who will care for him or her after the death of an important person.
Talking honestly about the death and including the child in rituals may help the grieving child.
Explain the death and answer questions.
Talking about death helps children learn to cope with loss. When talking about death with children, describe it simply. Each child should be told the truth using as much detail as he or she is able to understand. Answer questions in language the child can understand.
Children often worry that they will also die, or that their surviving parent will go away. They need to be told that they will be safe and taken care of.
Use the correct language.
When talking with the child about death, include the correct words, such as "cancer," "died," and "death." Using other words or phrases (for example, "he passed away," "he is sleeping," or "we lost him") can confuse children and cause them to misunderstand.
Include the child in planning and attending memorial ceremonies.
When a death occurs, children may feel better if they are included in planning and attending memorial ceremonies. These events help children remember the loved one. Children should not be forced to be involved in these ceremonies, but encourage them to take part when they feel comfortable doing so. Before a child attends a funeral, wake, or memorial service, give the child a full explanation of what to expect. A familiar adult or family member may help with this if the surviving parent's grief makes him or her unable to.
There are books and other resources with information on helping a grieving child.
The following books and videos may be helpful with grieving children:
- Worden JW: Children and Grief: When a Parent Dies. New York, NY: The Guilford Press, 1996.
- Doka KJ, ed.: Children Mourning, Mourning Children. Washington, DC: Hospice Foundation of America, 1995.
- Wass H, Corr CA: Childhood and Death. Washington, DC: Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, 1984.
- Corr CA, McNeil JN: Adolescence and Death. New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company, 1986.
- Corr CA, Nabe CM, Corr DM: Death and Dying, Life and Living. 2nd ed., Pacific Grove: Brooks/Cole Publishing Company, 1997.
- Grollman EA: Talking About Death: A Dialogue Between Parent and Child. 3rd ed., Boston, MA: Beacon Press, 1990.
- Schaefer D, Lyons C: How Do We Tell the Children? Helping Children Understand and Cope When Someone Dies. New York, NY: Newmarket Press, 1988.
- Wolfelt A: Helping Children Cope with Grief. Muncie: Accelerated Development, 1983.
- Walker A: To Hell with Dying. San Diego, CA: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1988.
- Williams M: Velveteen Rabbit. Garden City: Doubleday, 1922.
- Viorst J: The Tenth Good Thing About Barney. New York, NY: Atheneum, 1971.
- Tiffault BW: A Quilt for Elizabeth. Omaha, NE: Centering Corporation, 1992.
- Levine JR: Forever in My Heart: a Story to Help Children Participate in Life as a Parent Dies. Burnsville, NC: Mountain Rainbow Publications, 1992.
- Knoderer K: Memory Book: a Special Way to Remember Someone You Love. Warminster, PA: Mar-Co Products, 1995.
- de Paola T: Nana Upstairs and Nana Downstairs. New York, NY: GP Putnam's Sons, 1973.
Cultural Responses to Grief and Loss
Cultures have different ways of coping with death.
Grief felt for the loss of loved ones occurs in people of all ages and cultures. Different cultures, however, have different myths and mysteries about death that affect the attitudes, beliefs, and practices of the bereaved.
Individual, personal experiences of grief are similar in different cultures.
The ways in which people of all cultures feel grief personally are similar. This has been found to be true even though different cultures have different mourning ceremonies and traditions to express grief.
Cultural issues that affect people who are dealing with the loss of a loved one include rituals, beliefs, and roles.
Helping family members cope with the death of a loved one includes showing respect for the family's culture and the ways they honor the death. The following questions may help caregivers learn what is needed by the person's culture:
- What are the cultural rituals for coping with dying, the deceased person's body, and honoring the death?
- What are the family's beliefs about what happens after death?
- What does the family feel is a normal expression of grief and the acceptance of the loss?
- What does the family consider to be the roles of each family member in handling the death?
- Are certain types of death less acceptable (for example, suicide), or are certain types of death especially hard for that culture (for example, the death of a child)?
Death, grief, and mourning are normal life events. All cultures have practices that best meet their needs for dealing with death. Caregivers who understand the ways different cultures respond to death can help patients of these cultures work through their own normal grieving process.
About This PDQ Summary
Physician Data Query (PDQ) is the National Cancer Institute's (NCI's) comprehensive cancer information database. The PDQ database contains summaries of the latest published information on cancer prevention, detection, genetics, treatment, supportive care, and complementary and alternative medicine. Most summaries come in two versions. The health professional versions have detailed information written in technical language. The patient versions are written in easy-to-understand, nontechnical language. Both versions have cancer information that is accurate and up to date and most versions are also available in Spanish.
PDQ is a service of the NCI. The NCI is part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). NIH is the federal government's center of biomedical research. The PDQ summaries are based on an independent review of the medical literature. They are not policy statements of the NCI or the NIH.
Purpose of This Summary
This PDQ cancer information summary has current information about how individuals cope with grief, bereavement, and mourning. It is meant to inform and help patients, families, and caregivers. It does not give formal guidelines or recommendations for making decisions about health care.
Reviewers and Updates
Editorial Boards write the PDQ cancer information summaries and keep them up to date. These Boards are made up of experts in cancer treatment and other specialties related to cancer. The summaries are reviewed regularly and changes are made when there is new information. The date on each summary ("Date Last Modified") is the date of the most recent change.
The information in this patient summary was taken from the health professional version, which is reviewed regularly and updated as needed, by the PDQ Supportive and Palliative Care Editorial Board.
Clinical Trial Information
A clinical trial is a study to answer a scientific question, such as whether one treatment is better than another. Trials are based on past studies and what has been learned in the laboratory. Each trial answers certain scientific questions in order to find new and better ways to help cancer patients. During treatment clinical trials, information is collected about the effects of a new treatment and how well it works. If a clinical trial shows that a new treatment is better than one currently being used, the new treatment may become "standard." Patients may want to think about taking part in a clinical trial. Some clinical trials are open only to patients who have not started treatment.
Clinical trials are listed in PDQ and can be found online at NCI's website. Many cancer doctors who take part in clinical trials are also listed in PDQ. For more information, call the Cancer Information Service 1-800-4-CANCER (1-800-422-6237).
Permission to Use This Summary
PDQ is a registered trademark. The content of PDQ documents can be used freely as text. It cannot be identified as an NCI PDQ cancer information summary unless the whole summary is shown and it is updated regularly. However, a user would be allowed to write a sentence such as "NCI's PDQ cancer information summary about breast cancer prevention states the risks in the following way: [include excerpt from the summary]."
The best way to cite this PDQ summary is:
PDQ® Supportive and Palliative Care Editorial Board. PDQ Grief, Bereavement, and Coping With Loss. Bethesda, MD: National Cancer Institute. Updated <MM/DD/YYYY>. Available at: https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/advanced-cancer/caregivers/planning/bereavement-pdq. Accessed <MM/DD/YYYY>. [PMID: 26389267]
Images in this summary are used with permission of the author(s), artist, and/or publisher for use in the PDQ summaries only. If you want to use an image from a PDQ summary and you are not using the whole summary, you must get permission from the owner. It cannot be given by the National Cancer Institute. Information about using the images in this summary, along with many other images related to cancer can be found in Visuals Online. Visuals Online is a collection of more than 2,000 scientific images.
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Last Revised: 2013-03-06
If you want to know more about cancer and how it is treated, or if you wish to know about clinical trials for your type of cancer, you can call the NCI's Cancer Information Service at 1-800-422-6237, toll free. A trained information specialist can talk with you and answer your questions.
Healthwise, Healthwise for every health decision, and the Healthwise logo are trademarks of Healthwise, Incorporated.<|endoftext|>Uydu Bulucu Montajı
1) Öncelikle LNB'den gelen kabloyu LNB girişine takınız.
2) Receiver'dan gelen kabloyu da receiver girişine takınız.
Uydu Bulucu Kullanımı
1) Receiver'ın açık olduğundan emin olun,bu durumda Uydu Bulucu'nun göstergesi aydınlanacaktır.
2) Ayar düğmesini saat yönünde sonuna kadar çeviriniz.(5 durumuna getiriniz)Böylece zayıf sinyalin bile göstergede güçlü görünmesini sağlamış olursunuz.
3) Uydu anteninin yönünü Uydu Bulucu'nun sinyal gücü göstergesi en yüksek değerinde olacak şekilde ayarlayınız.
4) Antenin konumunu bozmadan ayar düğmesini saat yönünün tersine doğru ibre "0" ı gösterinceye kadar çevirinizBöylece zayıf sinyallerin dikkate alınmamasını sağlamış olursunuz.Sıfır konumunda ancak Yük
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country will be spent in the Amazon) will spur further influx of migrants to the region, contributing to the cycle of deforestation.
“Future movements of actors will be influenced by major infrastructure plans,” writes Fearnside.
While continued deforestation may seem inevitable, Fearnside says that sound policies could avoid the worst outcomes. Implementing its land titling system and “stopping the practice of regularizing land claims” would help Brazil establish rule of law in the Amazon, enabling authorities to enforce environmental rules that protect forests as well as reducing the need for legitimate holders to clear their land to establish a claim on it. At the same time, discouraging migration by generating employment in “source” areas, “exercising restraint” in approving new roads, and reducing subsides — including low interest loans to deforesters — would alleviate pressure to deforest in the Amazon. Creating new protected areas and promoting economic alternatives to deforestation, including payments for environmental services and sustainable harvesting of forest products, could increase standards of living in the region without the need to clear additional forest.
“Most fundamental is continued progress in creating mechanisms to reward the environmental services of standing forest as an alternative foundation for the economy in rural Amazonia,” concludes Fearnside.
Fearnside, P. M. 2008. The roles and movements of actors in the deforestation of Brazilian Amazonia. Ecology and Society 13(1): 23. [online] URL: http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol13/iss1/art23/<|endoftext|>Significato del numero angelico 379: Un messaggio per te!
Il numero 379 appare nella tua vita per incoraggiarti. I tuoi angeli ti ricordano che hai tutte le risorse necessarie per raggiungere i tuoi obiettivi.
Questo segno dovrebbe essere preso come un segno per aiutarti a crescere. Non permettere a nulla di smorzare il tuo spirito combattivo.
L’angelo numero 379 dice di cercare la conoscenza. Parla con esperti e leggi libri. Trova dei modi per migliorare la tua vita.
Questo segno rappresenta anche la pace. Le tue guide divine vogliono che tu metta fine ai tuoi conflitti interni. Questo ti fornirà una solida base per affrontare i conflitti esterni.
I tuoi angeli ti incoraggiano a trovare armonia nelle tue relazioni. Questo è ciò di cui hai bisogno per avere relazioni più soddisfacenti con la tua famiglia e i tuoi amici.
Il regno divino ti chiama tramite il numero 379 per migliorare la tua visione del mondo. Occhi chiari possono aiutarti a vedere il mondo chiaramente.
Significato del numero 379
Il numero 379 del regno divino ti sta inviando il loro amore perché hanno qualcosa da condividere con te.
Questo è un segno che le tue preghiere hanno raggiunto Dio. I tuoi angeli stanno fornendo le risposte di cui hai bisogno.
Il numero 379 indica che l’Universo ha riconosciuto i tuoi desideri e le tue speranze. Le tue guide divine ti chiedono di prestare attenzione ai tuoi pensieri.
Ciò ti consentirà di connetterti con il vero significato del numero 379.
L’Universo lavora 24 ore su 24 per aiutarti a raggiungere i tuoi obiettivi. Questo è il messaggio principale del numero 379.
Fidati che i tuoi angeli sono lì per augurarti successo. Vogliono che tu prosperi e cresci. Non dovrebbero aver paura di rivolgersi a te per la guida divina.
Il regno divino ti incoraggia a essere chiaro riguardo ai tuoi obiettivi. Fai conoscere all’Universo i tuoi obiettivi.
I tuoi angeli non ignorano i tuoi obiettivi e sogni. Solo che puoi chiedere che l’intervento divino faccia parte del processo.
Ciò renderà più facile seguire la guida dei tuoi angeli.
Numero 379
Hai visto molto il numero 379 in questi giorni? Questa è una chiamata angelica a vivere la vita al massimo.
Dovresti quindi condividere i tuoi pensieri e sentimenti con le tue guide spirituali. L’Universo saprà quali favori stai cercando.
Questo segno angelico ti incoraggia a rimanere positivo.
I pensieri positivi sono la chiave per risultati positivi.
I tuoi angeli ti incoraggiano a mantenere una visione positiva. Solo così supererai tutte le difficoltà della tua vita.
Devi anche renderti conto che i nostri pensieri e atteggiamenti possono manifestarsi facilmente nelle nostre vite. Sei responsabile di come vivi la tua vita.
Pensieri e atteggiamenti positivi sono il modo migliore per raggiungere nuove vette nella tua ricerca del successo.
Questo ti motiverà a impegnarti solo in iniziative oneste.
Questo segno richiede che tu ti associ solo a partner con una mentalità integra
Inoltre, prova a vivere la vita che desideri per la tua famiglia e i tuoi amici.
Il numero 379 ti chiama per aiutare i poveri della tua comunità. I tuoi angeli vogliono che tu ti renda conto che non si tratta solo di te.
I tuoi sforzi possono fare un’enorme differenza nell’aiutare gli altri a raggiungere i loro obiettivi. I tuoi talenti possono convincere gli altri che sono capaci di successo.
Incoraggia la tua famiglia e i tuoi amici a credere in se stessi. A volte tutto ciò di cui hanno bisogno per credere in se stessi è una leggera spinta nella giusta direzione.
Se il numero 379 continua ad apparire nella tua vita, è un segno che i tuoi angeli vogliono che tu ti concentri sui tuoi sforzi creativi.
Ci saranno dei dossi sulla strada, ma sono importanti per la tua crescita.
Simbolismo
I tuoi angeli desiderano che tu trovi felicità e pace. Per farti sapere che sono qui per aiutarti, annunceranno la loro presenza.
Ti stanno anche chiedendo di intraprendere azioni correttive. Devi eliminare tutte le persone tossiche dalla tua vita.
Esamina i ruoli che le persone giocano nella tua vita. Se non ti stanno aggiungendo valore, non fanno parte della tua vita.
Dovresti considerare di uscire dalle relazioni che ti stanno trascinando in tondo. Queste relazioni prosciugano la tua forza.
Questo vale per tutti gli aspetti della tua vita. È ora che tu esca da una situazione che ti sta causando l’insonnia.
Questo non è qualcosa che dovresti incolpare. Se non correggi la situazione, sei responsabile.
La tua vita non dovrebbe essere data per scontata in cambio di felicità e gioia. Sei degno di felicità e non dovresti esserne negata.
Vivi la tua vita al massimo.
Questo segno ti incoraggia a stabilire un programma di tutoraggio. Puoi fare molto per ispirare chi ti circonda.
Parla con i tuoi vicini più piccoli. Scopri per cosa potrebbero essere utilizzate le tue abilità.
Trascorri del tempo con adolescenti e preadolescenti. Incoraggiateli a iniziare bene la vita. La tua vasta esperienza può aiutarti a mostrare loro come si fa.
Vita
Il numero 379 ti apre gli occhi su tutti i tuoi incredibili talenti e abilità. Il regno divino vuole che tu veda e apprezzi i tuoi talenti.
Hai tutto ciò di cui hai bisogno per fare la differenza nel mondo. I tuoi doni possono ispirare gli altri. Incoraggiateli a essere la migliore versione possibile di se stessi.
I tuoi talenti speciali non dovrebbero essere sprecati. Puoi migliorare le tue abilità attraverso la ricerca e l’istruzione.
Ecco come crescere e potenziarti. Puoi trovare molti modi per crescere. Il regno divino è sempre disponibile per assisterti nella scelta dell’opzione migliore per te.
L’Universo ti incoraggia a seguire la guida dei tuoi angeli. Questo può essere fatto praticando la tua spiritualità.
Dovresti quindi sforzarti di usare la tua saggezza e conoscenza spirituale.
Continua a vedere questo segno degli angeli. È un segno che le tue affermazioni positive ti stanno aiutando a muoverti nella giusta direzione.
Sei sulla buona strada per raggiungere i tuoi sogni e obiettivi.
Sommario
Sei preoccupato per il numero 379 che ricorre nella tua vita? Non c’è motivo di allarmarsi.
Questo segno è un messaggio dell’Universo. I tuoi angeli vogliono dirti che sei un vincitore, non un perdente.
Assicura inoltre che tutti i vostri desideri, speranze, preghiere e preoccupazioni siano stati ascoltati. Le tue richieste sono state ascoltate dai tuoi angeli in modo forte e chiaro.
Devi solo essere paziente. Tutto funzionerà nel giusto ordine divino. Le tue guide divine ti chiedono di avere maggiore fiducia nelle tue capacità.
Usa i tuoi talenti e le tue abilità per fare la differenza. Presto inizierai a raccogliere i frutti.<|endoftext|>توضیحات
دانلود پروپوزال آماده ارشد حقوق خصوصی
بررسی ماهیت حق فسخ ناشی از تخلف در تعهدات اصلی قرارداد
حق فسخ ناشی از تخلف در تعهدات اصلی قرارداد، به معنای حقی است که یکی از طرفین قرارداد در صورت نقض طرف دیگر، برای خود دارد تا قرارداد را فسخ کند. در این حق، طرفی که تخلف کرده است، در مقابل طرف دیگر مسئولیت پرداخت خسارت و تعهدات خود در قرارداد را بر عهده دارد.
این حق، بسته به شرایط و جزئیات قرارداد، ممکن است به صورت ضمنی در قرارداد یا بر اساس قانون وجود داشته باشد. برای مثال، اگر طرفی در قرارداد برای ارائه کالا یا خدمات مشخصی موظف شده باشد، اما به هر دلیلی این تعهد را نپایش دهد، طرف دیگر ممکن است به عنوان حق فسخ، از قرارداد صرف نظر کند.
معمولاً در صورتی که یکی از طرفین تخلف کند و حق فسخ را برای خود در نظر بگیرد، باید ابتدا از طریق نوشتاری به طرف دیگر اعلام کند که تخلف شده است و قرارداد را فسخ میکند. در بعضی از موارد، قرارداد میتواند شرایط خاصی را برای فسخ تعیین کند، مانند مهلتهای مشخص برای رفع تخلف و یا تعیین خسارات قابل پرداخت.
در کل، حق فسخ ناشی از تخلف، یکی از مهمترین حقوقی است که طرفین قرارداد برای حفظ حقوق خود در قرارداد دارند و میتواند به آنها کمک کند تا از خسارتهای مالی جلوگیری کنند.
حق فسخ ناشی از تخلف
حق فسخ ناشی از تخلف، به معنای حقی است که یکی از طرفین قرارداد در صورتی که طرف دیگر به تعهدات خود در قرارداد عمل نکند، برای خود دارد تا قرارداد را فسخ کند. به عبارت دیگر، اگر یکی از طرفین قرارداد تعهدات خود را نپایش داده و یا به هر دلیل دیگری تعهداتش را به نحوی نادرست انجام دهد، طرف دیگر میتواند از حق فسخ ناشی از تخلف استفاده کند.
حق فسخ ناشی از تخلف معمولاً در قراردادهایی که مرتبط با امور تجاری، مالی و قراردادهای اجاره میباشند، استفاده میشود. مثلاً، در قرارداد اجاره مسکن، اگر مستأجر تعهدات خود را انجام ندهد، صاحب خانه میتواند قرارداد را فسخ کند.
معمولاً برای استفاده از حق فسخ ناشی از تخلف، طرفی که از این حق استفاده میکند، باید به طرف دیگر ابتدا اعلام کند که تخلف شده است و به دلیل آن حق فسخ ناشی از تخلف را مورد استفاده قرار میدهد.
برخی قراردادها ممکن است شرایط خاصی برای فسخ تعیین کنند، مانند تعیین مهلتهای خاص برای رفع تخلف و یا تعیین خسارات قابل پرداخت.
استفاده از حق فسخ ناشی از تخلف میتواند به طرف ایجاد کننده تخلف، انگیزهای برای انجام تعهداتش در قرارداد بدهد و همچنین به طرف دیگر کمک میکند تا از خسارات مالی جلوگیری کند. به علاوه، این حق، به طرفین قرارداد کمک میکند تا روابط قر
مسائل حقوقی تعهدات اصلی قرارداد
تعهدات اصلی قرارداد، تعهداتی هستند که طرفین در قرارداد برای انجام دادن آنها به یکدیگر متعهد شدهاند. این تعهدات میتوانند شامل مواردی مانند پرداخت وجه، ارائه خدمات، تحویل کالا و غیره باشند. در ادامه به برخی از مسائل حقوقی مربوط به تعهدات اصلی قرارداد اشاره میشود:
1- تأخیر در انجام تعهدات: اگر یکی از طرفین قرارداد به هر دلیلی تعهداتش را در زمان مقرر انجام ندهد، ممکن است مشکلاتی برای طرف دیگر به وجود آید. در چنین شرایطی، طرفی که تعهداتش به تأخیر افتاده است، ممکن است بر اساس شرایط قرارداد، به عنوان مثال، جریمه یا خسارتی به طرف دیگر پرداخت کند.
2- انجام ناقص تعهدات: اگر یکی از طرفین قرارداد به نحوی تعهداتش را انجام ندهد و یا به نحوی ناقص انجام دهد، طرف دیگر ممکن است حق داشته باشد تا طبق قرارداد، از حق فسخ یا جریمه استفاده کند.
3- عدم توانایی در انجام تعهدات: اگر یکی از طرفین به دلیل مواردی مانند بیماری، ناتوانی مالی و غیره، توانایی انجام تعهداتش را نداشته باشد، ممکن است طرف دیگر به او فرصتی بدهد تا به طور موقت یا دائمی از قرارداد فسخ شده اجتناب کند.
4- تغییر شرایط: در برخی موارد، شرایطی که در زمان تعقیب قرارداد وجود داشته، ممکن است به نحوی تغییر کند که انجام تعهدات برای طرفین<|endoftext|>Fig. 1 Panoramic view of the Ojos Negros valley, Baja California, Mexico.
SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF WATER IN THE OJOS NEGROS VALLEY,
BAJA CALIFORNIA, MEXICO
The Ojos Negros Research Group
Víctor Miguel Ponce, Walter Raúl Zúniga Castillo,
Raúl Venegas Cardoso, Thalía Gaona Arredondo, Onofre Rafael García Cueto,
José Isaac Sepúlveda Betancourt, Guillermo
Arámburo Vizcarra, Sezar Ercan, Angel Pineda Villa, Hiraida López Hernández,
Ampar Vipinchandra Shetty
San Diego State University
Universidad Autonóma de Baja California
Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias
The Ojos Negros valley, in Baja California, has been studied from an interdisciplinary perspective, with the principal focus on the relationship between irrigated agriculture and groundwater use, including the environmental and social impacts thereof.
In the past 130 years of recorded history, the valley has undergone a significant social and economic transformation, such that it now represents a substantial entity among the agricultural regions of the state. This change has been positive from an economic and social standpoint; however, the ecological and environmental impacts have been negative.
Irrigated agriculture has resulted in an increase of actual evapotranspiration, as large amounts of subsurface water became part of the surface-water system. Apparently, this has led to a humidification of the local climate, as assessed by a marked decrease (9oC) in the temperature range during the period of record. The effect is anthropogenic; therefore, it is expected to continue as long as irrigation continues.
In the past 30 years, the increased pumping of groundwater has resulted in a depletion of the water table, which now lies at more than 30-m depth in certain places. The lowering of the water table has negatively affected wetland and riparian ecosystems, which prior to the advent of pumping were quite extensive, and now have been reduced to a fraction of their former size. In particular, the drying out of the Ojos Negros marshes, which gave its name to the valley, is attributed to the depletion of groundwater.
Average water table depletion was forecasted to be 0.4 m yr-1 for the 50-yr planning horizon, assuming present pumping rates (year 2000). This rate of depletion has an effect on the profits of agricultural operations, but the effect does not appear to be substantial, if not for the ejido proprietors, certainly for the agroindustrial companies that operate in the valley. The apparent lack of sensitivity is attributed to the low cost of energy, since the electric tariffs for agricultural groundwater pumping are the lowest. In the absence of appropriate regulation, it is likely that most stakeholders, including ejido proprietors and agroindustrial companies, will continue to operate their agricultural enterprises into the future.
It is certain that the groundwater depletion at Ojos Negros is related to the classical "Tragedy of the Commons." According to this principle, resources held in common will tend to be overexploited by individuals seeking their own gain. Viewed in this light, aquifer regulation appears to be the only way out of this predicament. Regulation should go hand-in-hand with monitoring, since sound policy should always be based on sound data. With regulation, there is an increased chance that the resource will still be there for the benefit of future generations.
The Ojos Negros valley is located in Baja California, Mexico, about 80 km south of the U.S.-Mexico border (San Diego-Tijuana). The predominant economic activities in the valley are agriculture and animal husbandry. Recorded human settlement originated with the discovery of gold mining in 1870. After a few years of productive gold mining, the local economic activities shifted first to animal husbandry and later to agriculture. At present, agriculture is the most important activity in the valley.
The importance of the Ojos Negros valley as a regional economic resource with significant transborder effects is widely recognized. The products of its irrigated agriculture, which include alfalfa, green onions, onions, watermelons and other staples, are commercialized on both sides of the U.S.-Mexico border. About 2,000 people are directly dependent on the economy of the valley.
The name "Ojos Negros," which means "Black Eyes" in Spanish, is mentioned in a map of the valley dating back to 1864 (Fig. 30), in reference to two oval-shaped marshes closely resembling two black eyes, along the southwestern edge of the valley (Minnich and Franco, 1998). These marshes have now all but disappeared due to groundwater depletion, and only the name remains to bear lone witness of a wetter past.
As irrigated agriculture expanded in the valley, increasing demands have taxed the local groundwater resources and the question of overexploitation vis-vis sustainable management has arisen. In the past 30 years of agricultural expansion, institutional water management in the valley has been mostly lacking. In search of the facts about groundwater depletion, the Comisión Nacional del Agua (National Water Commission of Mexico), completed a hydrogeologic study of the Ojos Negros aquifer (Comisión Nacional del Agua, 1997). This
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بر او گرد آمده، و از او به سبب ملاقاتش با پیامبر استقبال می کنند[ج ۵، ص ۲۶۸]. جعل اقوال ابن اثیر و ابن حجر، در روایتي که مخصوصاً شیر محمد خان آورده، بسیار روشن است[این دو روایت، و دو روایت مشابه دیگر از تاریخ طبری، در مقالهی بعدی مورد تحقیق بیشتر قرارخواهند گرفت].
نعمت الله مینویسد آنگاه که سلطان شهابالدین به کمک افغانانْ دهلی را متصرف گشت، یکي از امرای خویش بهنام ملک معزالدین را موظف ساخت تا «اقوام جمیع افغانان را از کوهستان غور و کوه فیروزهخانه کوچ برآورده در نواحی کوههای اطراف و جوانب دارالسلطنت غزنین آباد سازد»؛ بدون شک آن غور نه ولایت غور، بلکه همان غوري است که در بالا معرفی کردیم. بهنظر میرسد که وقتي نعمتالله در روایت خویش –که معلوم نیست از کجا گرفته- نامهای غور و فیروزه را در کنار هم میبیند، گمان میکند که همان غور تاریخی با پایتختش فیروزکوه باشد. درحاليکه حدودالعالم این فیروزه را در نزدیکی ملتان نشان میدهد: «بیروزه، شهری است اندر حدود مولتان، و در هندوستان است. همهی جهازهای هندوستان آنجا افتد. و اندر وی بتخانه است» [حدودالعالم، ص212]. این بیروزه، پس از گردیز، سول (شال)، نینهار و قبل از لغمان یا لمغان و ویهند، در فصل «سخن اندر ناحیت هندوستان» ذکر گردیده است.
۶.افغانان دیگر و بنیافغان دیگر است:
محمد حیات خان در ضمن اعتراضاتي که به نظریهی یهودیخواندنافغانان از سوی خواجه نعمتالله دارد، متعرض این نکته میشود که: مگر از بنی افغان- از افغنه تا قیس(۳۳نسل)- دیگر اولاد و احفادي به وجود نیامده؛ که نعمتالله همهی افغانان را نه از فرزندان افغنه، بلکه از فرزندان قیس می داند! اگر از افغنه فرزندان و اولاد دیگر نیز بوده، آنان کی هاستند؟ بنا بر این نظریه نتیجه میگیریم که «بنیافغان» فقط فرزندان یهودیاني اند که به غور آمدند؛ دیگران «افغانان» اند.
اسم بنیافغان در کتاب تاریخ خانجهانی و مخزن افغانی، در کنار اسامی دیگري که افغانان به آن خوانده میشوند، آمده است؛ چنانکه نعمتالله هم قبیلهی بنی مخزوم را که خالد بن ولید به آن منسوب است، بنیافغان می خواند[ص۷۷]؛ و هم آناني را که در غور متوطن بودند: او به حوالهی مورخ تاریخ جهانگشا، تاریخ گزیده، مجمعالانساب و اصنافالمخلوقات مینویسد که: «خالد [از مدینه] مکتوبي بهجانب بنیاسراییل و بنیافغان و بنی اعمام خود که در کوهستان نواحی غور مسکن مألوف داشتند؛ از زمان اخراج بختنصر بنیاسراییل در آن مکان متوطن بودند، نوشته بود» [تاریخجهانبانی و مخزن افغانی، ص107]. یا این عبارت او: «[پیامبر]به دلالت خالد یکی از اصحاب خود- از گروه انصار را- با عبدالرشید پتهان همراه گردانید تا در دیار غور و کوهستان آن حدود که مسکن بنیاسراییل و قبیلهیِ بنیافغان و گروه عبدالرشید بودند، احکام اسلام تلقین آن جماعت نماید»[ص112]. یا این عبارت او: «و تقریبآمدن این طایفه به کوهستان روه و کوه سلیمان آن است که مصنف تاریخ گزیده و صاحب جهانگشای[جوینی] ایراد مینمایند که جماعت بنیافغان، دعای حبیب خود را، که در باب ایشان کرده بود، مستجاب ساخت و جمعیت این طبقه رو به زیادتی نهاد و به کثرتي رسانید که مافوق آن متصور نباشد؛ و عبدالرشید را سه فرزند رشیدِ صاحبتمیز روزی گردانید…»[ج1، ص114؛ شیر محمد خان گنداپوری که به تمایز میان افغانان و بنیافغان معترف است، هم بنی افغان، و هم «افاغنهی اسراییلینسب»را بهکار میبرد: تواریخ خورشید جهان، ص۱۷۶]. البته چنین مطلبي در کتبي که نعمتالله نام می برد وجود ندارد.
از جملهی مورخین معاصر، غبار متوجه جدا بودن دو نام افغان و بنی افغان شده بود: «در آغاز فتوحات عرب در ضمن اسمهای طوایف افغانستان در غور، از قبیل سوری و غوری، گاهي از قبایلي بنام بنیافغان نیز در تواریخ مسلمین ذکري شده است» [مجلهی کابل، شمارهی ۹۰(؟ شاید ۹)، ص ۵۳، سال اول؛ نقل از غوریان ص۷۶. در «تواریخ مسلمین» یعنی در کتب تاریخی قرون نخستین اسلامی، لفظ بنیافغان دیده نشده؛ به نظر می رسد که مقصد غبار شجرهنامههای افغانان، مخصوصاً کتاب خواجه نعمت الله هروی باشد].
هم در روایت خواجه نعمتالله، و هم در تألیفات سایر انساب نویسان، اسامی کساني از بنیافغانان غور آورده شده، که در یهودی بودن آن اسامی نمی توان شک کرد. از آن جمله مولف شجرهنامهی «رساله در نسب افغانان» مینویسد که چون سلطان محمود غزنوی عراق و خراسان را مسخر ساخت، آهنگ تصرف هندوستان نمود؛ سرهنگان و دلیراني بسیار از ولایات مختلف در خدمت او در آمدند؛ از آن جمله از غور و بلخ: «هشت نفر اند که پنج آن از اولاد افغانان و سه نفر از اولاد ازبِک پیش سلطان مذکور آمده خدمت میکردند؛ پنج اسامی از افغانان: یکی یهودی، دویم عرون، سیوم آرغوان، چهارم نوح، پنجم انس؛ و سه اسامی از اولاد ازبِک: یکی عادلی، دویم غازی، سیوم علون. چون سلطانمحمود این هشت نفران را بدید، خوش شده ایشان را سرغنهیِ لشکر خود گردانید. حقتعالی چنان کرد که تمام لشکر سلطانمحمود، افغانان و ازبِکان شدند و در میان کفار هر جا که سلطان مذکور ایشان را تعیین میکردند، فتح و نصرت میکردند»[به نقل از تاریخ خان جهانی و مخزن افغانی، صص 116-117].
به روشنی می بینیم که از روی نام، باید تمام کساني که در فهرست فوقْ افغانان خوانده شده، از غور آمده و به قول عتیقالله پژواک «افغانان غوری» بودند[غوریان، ص۷۶]، یهودی باشند؛ در حاليکه اسامی روسای افغاناني که سلطان شهاب الدین را در سفر سومش به هندوستان همراهی کردند، جمله افغانی است: «مرتبهی سیوم پنج کس از رؤسا و صنادید افغانان که اسامی آن جماعه را در کتب تواریخ به این وجه مرقوم نمودهاند: ملک آدم غلزی، ملک بلین بتنی، ملک بارک یوسفزهی، شهباز افریدی، ملک حاتم سربنی، با سپاه شایستهی کارزار عازم تسخیر هندوستان شد». چنانکه در فقرهی قبلی دیدیم، مجموع سربازان افغان و بنیافغان که سلطان شهابالدین را در این سفر همراهی کردند، دوازده هزار کس -در کنار ارتش صدوبیست هزار نفری او- بودند؛ و به قول نعمتالله، سلطان در بازگشت ازین سفر، «این جماعت را در کوهستان روه و کوه سلیمان و اشنغر و سواد و باجور از حدود کابل تا دریای نیلاب، و از نواحی قندهار تا سرحد ملتان [و کنار رود سند]آبادان [جاگزین] ساخت».
البته مبرهن است که افغانان قرن ها پیش از این تاریخ، در نواحی کوهستان روه و کوه سلیمان ساکن بودند؛ و بنا به قول «پرودز اُ. شروو» نویسندهای مقالهی «زبان پشتو» (در مجموعهی «راهنمای زبانهای ایرانی»)، کسي نمی داند که اینان از کجا و در چه زماني به این نواحی آمده اند[ص ۶۳۸]. افغانان از نیمهی دوم قرن هشتم هجری به جنبش درآمدند؛ و در طول قرن نهم بیشتر به جانب هندوستان رهسپار گشتند. اما در بارهی زمان اسکان افغانان در اشنغر، سوات، باجور، رود نیلاب و حدود کابل، باید گفت که در حال حاضر به کمک آثاري چون تذکرةالابرار و تذکرةالاشرار، تاریخ مرصع و تواریخ حافظ رحمت خانی، و دیگر کتبي که به قلم نویسندگان افغان تحریر یافته و خوشبختانه در دست است، معلومات نسبتاً روشنی در اختیار داریم؛ این نواحی از اواخر قرن نهم تا پایان نیمهی اول قرن دهم به تصرف افغانان افتاد. و این قول نعمتالله که: «چون این طایفه در آن سرزمین قرار گرفتند، روزبهروز استیلای تمام یافتند و ایشان هر سالي با کفار کتور [دهوارها، دهگانها یا اهالی قدیم سوات، پشهییها و نورستانیها] و کفار هندوستان جنگها میکردند و آن کوهستان را از غبار لوث و کفر پاک گردانیدند»، حکایت تاریخ قرنهای نهم و دهم منطقهی مسمی به پشتونخوا است؛ نه از قرن ششم و هفتم؛ زیرا در قرون اخیرالذکر، هنوز افغانان به قدري نبودند که بتوانند با اهالی نواحی فوق به جنگ بر خیزند.
با اینحال، استقرار بنیافغان را در نواحی مذکور، پیش از ورود افغانان در قرون بعدی به همان نواحی، نمیتوان انکار کرد؛ این امر زمینه های اختلاط خونی میان بنیافغان با افغانان و سایر مردمان آن نواحی را فراهم آورد(این رویداد را در مقالهی شجرهنامههای افغانان دنبال خواهیم کرد).
۷.فروداشت
در ربع اخیر قرن دوم هجری/ قرن هشتم میلادی -و شاید قبل و بعد از آن نیز- جماعتي از یهودیان، که پس از این بنیافغان خوانده میشوند، در ولایت غور جابجا شدند. باري در اوایل قرن پنجم، و بار دیگر در اواخر قرن ششم هجری، عدهای از اینان در سپاه سلطان محمود غزنوی، و پس از او در لشکر سلطان شهابالدین غوری استخدام گشتند. از آن پس اینان در حدود پشاور اسکان داده شدند.
اما افغانان پیش از ورود بنیافغان به این حدود، در نواحی غور و دامان، کوهستان روه و کوه سلیمان ساکن بودند.
قرن ها پیش از ورود اینان به غور، غور سرزمین آباد بود؛ و مردمان فارسی زبان در آن سکونت داشتند و دارای حکومت و اقتدار سیاسی بودند. بنابراین ورود چند خانوادهی محدود یهودی به این ولایت، نمیتوانست تغییرات کلی نژادی و زبانی ایجاد کند.
اما باید دانست که افغانان پیش از ورود بنیافغان به پشتونخوا، در نواحی غور و دامان، کوهستان روه و کوه سلیمان ساکن بودند.
خواجه نعمتالله هروی را در دو امر اشتباه دست داده: او افغانان را با بنیافغان-اسمي که خود ایجاد کرده بود- یکی دانسته؛ و از آن نتیجه گرفته که همهی افغانان بنیافغان یا یهودی نسب اند؛ نیز او ولایت غور را که در شرق هرات و غرب کابل موقعیت دارد، با ناحیهی غور که در کنار دامان از حدود کوههای سلیمان به حساب می آید، یکی دانسته؛ و از اینجا نتیجه گرفته که ولایت غور مسکن اولی افغانان بوده است.
منابع:
۱-راهنمای زبانهای ایرانی (2 جلد): مجموعهی مقالات زبانشناسان غربی؛ ویراستار رودیگر اشمیت؛ ترجمهی فارسی زیر نظر حسن رضایی باغبیدی؛ انتشارات ققنوس، چاپ اول 1382ش.
۲-چچنامه یا فتحنامهی سند؛ نوشتهی خواجه امام ابراهیم(قرن سوم هجری)، ترجمهی علی بن حامد کوفی؛ تصحیح نبیبخش خان بلوچ؛ نشرحیدر آباد سند، سال ۱۳۴۵ش/ ۱۹۶۶م.
۳-تاریخ خان جهانی و مخزن افغانی، تألیف خواجه نعمتالله هروی؛ تصحیح و اهتمام سید محمد امامالدین ، مطبعهی زیگوپریس داکه، ۱۳۷۹ق/ ۱۹۶۰م.
۴-مجلهی آریانای برونمرزی، سال دوم ۱۳۸۲ش.
۵-احسنالتقاسیم فی معرفةالاقالیم: تألیف ابوعبدالله محمد بن احمد مقدسی، ترجمهی دکتر علینقی منزوی؛ انتشارات شرکت مولفان و مترجمان ایران، چاپ اول، سال ۱۳۶۱.
۶-تواریخ خورشید جهان؛ تألیف شیرمحمدخان گنداپوری ابراهیمزایی؛ به فرمایش سردار محمد حیات خان (پسرمولف)، نشر: المکتبة الحقانیه، پشاور – پاکستان 1311 هجری.
۷-طبقات ناصری یا تاریخ ایران و اسلام: تألیف منهاج سراج جوزجانی؛ به تصحیح و مقابله و تحشیهی عبدالحی حبیبی؛ انتشارات دنیای کتاب، چاپ اول، تهران 1363ش.
۸-منتخبالتواریخ؛ تألیف عبدالقادر بداونی (3 مجلد)؛ تصحیح مولوی احمد علی صاحب؛ با مقدمه و اضافات توفیق ه. سبحانی؛ انجمن آثار و مفاخر فرهنگی، چاپ اول 1380ش.
۹-حدودالعالم منالمشرق الیالمغرب(تألیف 372ق): مولف: ناشناخته، با مقدمهی ولادیمیر بارتولد؛ تعلیقات مینورسکی، ترجمهی تعلیقات: میرحسینشاه؛ تصحیح و حواشی: دکتر مریم میراحمدی و دکتر غلامرضا ورهرام، چاپ دوم 1383ق.
۱۰-تذکرةالابرار و تدکرةالاشرار: آخوند درویزه؛ اسلامی کتبخانه، قصهخوانی پشاور، بیتاریخ.
۱۱-ترجمهی تاریخ یمینی: محمد بن عبدالجبار عتبی؛ به انضمام خاتمهی یمینی یا حوادث ایام (در سال 603ق)؛ مترجم: ابو اشرف ناصح بن ظفر جرفادقانی؛ مصحح: دکتر جعفر شعار، انتشارات علمی و فرهنگی؛ چاپ چهارم، پاییز 1382ش.
۱۲-شاهنامهی فردوسی: دنبالهی چاپ وولرس پس از مقابله چاپ تورنر ماکان و ژول مول و ضبط نسخهبدلها در حواشی توسط سعید نفیسی، مطبعهی بروخیم 1314؛ جلد 10، از 1306 به بعد.
۱۳-مرآت الافاغنه: منسوب به خانجهان خان لودی (عکس نسخه خطی).
۱۴-تاریخ مرصع: افضل خان ختک، پایان سال ختک ۱۱۳۶ق؛ با تصحیح و تحشیهی دوست محمد کامل مومند، چاپیونیورستی بُک ایجنسی پیشور ۲۰۰۶م.
۱۵-رساله در نسب افغانان: عکس نسخهی نسخ خطی موجود در بنگال آسیاتیک سوسایتی.
۱۶-تواریخ حافظ رحمتخانی؛ پیر معظم شاه، مقدمه از پروفیسور محمد نواز طائر، پشتو اکیدیمی پیشور یونیورستی، پشاور ۱۹۷۱م.
۱۷-غوریان؛ عتیقالله پژواک، نشر انجمن تاریخ افغانستان، چاپ مطبعهی دولتی و د پوهنی مطبعه، کابل ۱۳۴۵ش.
۱۸-تاریخ نظامی و سیاسی دودمان غوری؛ دکتر مهدی روشن ضمیر؛ نشر دانشگاه ملی ایران، تهران ۲۵۳۷ شاهنشاهی.
۱۹-چهارمقاله(مجمعالنوادر)؛ تألیف ابوالحسن نظامالدین یا نجمالدین احمد بن عمر علی سمرقندی معروف به عروضی سمرقندی، با تصحیح علامه قزوینی، انتشارات اشراقی، تهران ۱۳۶۴.
۲۰-تاریخ جهانگشای جوینی(۳جلد)؛ عطا ملک جوینی، تصحیح علامه محمد خان قزوینی، چاپ سوم، دنیای کتاب، تهران ۱۳۸۲.<|endoftext|>به گزارش ایران بیلد، کاهش بهای جهانی نفت تا حد هشتاد دلار در هر بشکه، در حالی که برای کشورهایی مانند ایران و روسیه مشکل ساز شده است اما تاثیر چندانی بر اقتصاد عربستان و آمریکا ندارد. همانطور که پیش از این نیز ایران بیلد پیش بینی کرده بود، عربستان و ایران در حال نزاعی واقعی در حوزه نفت هستند که احتمالا به نشست آتی اوپک نیز خواهد کشید. عربستان سعودی حاضر به کاهش تولید نفت خود که مسبب اصلی کاهش بهای جهانی آن در کنار انقلاب نفتی شیل بشمار می رود نیست! این در حالی است که برخی معتقدند تاثیر کاهش قیمت نفت بر اقتصاد ایران و روسیه از اثر تحریم ها نیز بیشتر خواهد بود. البته در خصوص واقعیت یا تبلیغاتی بودن منبع نفتی شیل آمریکا، هنوز ابهاماتی وجود دارد.
این مشکلات موجب شده تا برخی کشورهای عضو اوپک در بودجه سال آینده خود، بهای نفت را بر مبنای نفت بشکهای ۶
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2,994 | 4 | 3 |
(رئیس کمیسیون حقوق بشر افغانستان)، آقای گوئیدو ریورو فرنک(فعال کارگری چپ در بولیوی) و … از پروژه هایی که Rights and Democracy داشت در زمانی که دولت من را عضو هیئت مدیره اعلام کرد، کمک به مردم بومی در کلمبیا برای حفظ زمین های بومی شان، کمک به زنانی که قربانی تجاوز جنسی بودند در جنگ کنگو، کمک به فعالان حقوق زنان در افغانستان و… بعد از اینکه من عضو این هیئت مدیره شدم، دولت چند نفری را که در حقوق بشر تجربه ای نداشتند به خاطر دیدگاه های افراطی سیاسی شان انتخاب کرد و هدف اینها نابود کردن این موسسه بود به خاطر این که به نظر این اشخاص که همه نیوکانسرواتیو بودند و ایدئولوگ دیدگاه های راست، حقوق بشر یک پدیده ی چپی بود و بهتر بود که دولت در این موسسه را ببندد و اینها آمدند به خاطر این که اختلاف ایجاد کنند و این موسسه را به هم بزنند و دعوا بر سر موضوع حمایت این مرکز از گروه های حقوق بشر در فلسطین در زمان جنگ غزه بود، به رئیس Rights and Democracy تهمت زده بودند که او با حمایت از این گروه های فلسطینی در اصل داشت پول مالیات دهندگان کانادا را به حماس و حزب الله می داد و این تهمتی بی اساس بود چون ما به سازمان های حقوق بشر در فلسطین کمک می کردیم و جالب بود که این موسسه هم به سازمان های حقوق بشر اسرائیل کمک می کرد و هم به فلسطین. گروهی هست در اسرائیل به نام بت سلم که معروفترین موسسه حقوق بشر در اسرائیل است که البته چپی ها در اسرائیل بنیان گذاری کرده اند و خیلی جالب است که این گروه با فلسطینی ها همکاری می کند و به نظر من یک نمونه ی بسیار مثبتی هست که یک گروه اسرائیلی و یک گروه فلسطینی به خاطر عقاید مشترکشان نسبت به حقوق بشر دارند با هم همکاری می کنند. و جالب است که این گروه ها هم از دولت اسرائیل انتقاد می کنند و هم از دولت فلسطین، چون باز برمی گردیم به موضوع حقوق بشر، چون ممکنه هم دولت اسرائیل مسئول نقض حقوق بشر باشد هم در غزه و هم در کرانه ی باختری، ولی دولت فلسطین هم مسئول نقض حقوق بشر هست و این دو موسسه بی طرفانه به پرونده های حقوق بشر رسیدگی می کرد و اینها می خواستند این را بهانه ای کنند برای این که جنجال راه بیندازند و این مرکز را ببندند. وقتی ما دیدیم اینها این تهمت ها را به رئیس موسسه دارند می زنند، من و خانم سیما سمر در همبستگی با رئیس Rights and Democracy آقای رمی بورگارد Remy Beauregardتصمیم گرفتیم استعفا دهیم. و متأسفانه همان روزی که ما استعفا دادیم آقای رمی بورگارد به خاطر فشارهای روحی که طی این چند ماه داشت، حمله ی قلبی کرد و فوت شد و این یک موضوع بسیار بزرگی شد در جراید و سیاست کانادا و من و بیوه ی آقای رمی بورگارد و آقای اد برادبنت رفتیم و در مجلس کانادا شهادت دادیم و از حق این مرد که این همه سال برای حقوق بشر فعالیت کرده بود، دفاع کردیم. برای من خیلی شرایط مشکلی بود برای اینکه فشارهای سیاسی خیلی زیاد بود و همین اعضای هیئت مدیره که با من سر این موضوع اختلاف داشتند سعی کردند که در جراید به من تهمت بزنند و همانجور که گفتم می خواستند بگویند که من طرفدار حماس و حزب الله هستم و با گروه های تروریستی ارتباط دارم.
فرق کانادا و ایران این است که شخصی که تهمت می زند با جراید و دادگاه و مجلس طرف است. من حتی تهدید به مرگ شدم و به من گفته شد که چون تو یک ایرانی هستی و طرفدار حماس و حزب الله در اصل داری به کشورت خیانت می کنی و ما تو را اعدام می کنیم و من مجبور شدم با پلیس فدرال تماس بگیرم.
جالب این جاست که این گروه هایی که عضویت من را در این دادگاه بهانه کردند تا تهمت امپریالیستی به من بزنند اگر واقعا می خواستند که به واقعیت پی ببرند، می دیدند که کاملا حرفشان اشتباه است و برعکس آن حرفی ست که می گویند. من بهای گزافی را برای استعفایم دادم و برایم مشکلات بسیاری به وجود آمد، اما از تصمیمی که گرفتم هیچ پشیمان نیستم و فکر می کنم دفاع کردن از آقای بورگارد از لحاظ اخلاقی درست بود و هر هزینه ای که برایش پرداختم، مهم نیست و دیدم نسبت به فعالیت هایم در مورد ایران و کشورهای دیگر هم همین هست. ما فعالان حقوق بشر در اصل همیشه دشمن خواهیم داشت چون کارمان این است که قدرتمندان را پاسخگو کنیم و من در مورد دولت های دیگر هم همین مشکل را داشتم. در یوگسلاوی یک جور تهمت می زنند، در روسیه، در ترکیه، در روآندا و … جور دیگر.
بخشی از حملاتی که علیه ایران تریبونال شده اغلب مسائل مالی اش بود. بعد از شفافیت هایی که توسط بیانیه های ایران تریبونال صورت گرفت، عده ای از این حمله کنندگان حرفشان را پس گرفتند چون ایران تریبونال هزینه هایش توسط خانواده ها داده شده. بعد تمرکز کردند روی حمله به شما و حمله به سایر اعضای هیئت ژوری. سئوال این است که شما نقشی داشتید در تعیین اعضای ژوری؟
ـ اولا اگر کسی مشکلی با من دارد، می تواند ایمیلی به من بفرستد و سئوالاتش را بپرسد. من تعجب می کنم که اینها بدون اینکه اصلا سندی داشته باشند، یا از برگزارکنندگان سئوالی بپرسند، گفتند هزینه این دادگاه از طرف دولت آمریکا ست. آخر بر چه اساسی این حرف را می زنید؟
در مورد هیئت ژوری من هیچ نقشی در تعیین آنها نداشتم و خود برگزارکنندگان آنها را انتخاب کردند. نکته ی جالب این جاست که هشت نفر عضو این هیئت هستند. این هشت نفر دیدهای مختلفی دارند. مثلا دو وکیل انگلیسی که عضو این هیئت هستند، دیدهای محافظه کار دارند. البته من خودم نمی دانم آن دو وکیل برای چه حزبی در انتخابات انگلستان رای داده اند، اما آنها به خاطر فعالیت های سیاسی شان آنجا نیامده اند، آنها دو وکیل سرشناس هستند و برگزارکنندگان می خواستند که حقوق دانان عضو این هیئت باشند و قاعدتا همه ی ما حقوقدان هستیم ولی جالبه که اشخاصی که مخالف دادگاه هستند، به خاطر این که به نتیجه برسند، به طور گزینشی حقایقی را که مناسب روایت آن ها نیست، نادیده می گیرند.
آقای ریچارد فالک هم جزو این هیئت است. این آقا یکی از معروف ترین چپی های آمریکاست که از زمان دادگاه راسل، در سال ۱۹۶۶ با امپریالیسم، با خشونت آمریکا در ویتنام مبارزه کرده. شخصی ست که دوآتیشه با اسرائیل مخالفت می کند و نماینده ی ویژه ی سازمان ملل در مورد فلسطین اشغالی است. و من نمی فهمم که اگر ما توطئه امپریالیستی داریم آقای فالک آنجا چه می کند؟
آقای اریک داوید، استاد دانشگاه در بروکسل است. این آقا در سال ۱۹۶۶ عضو دادگاه راسل بوده. و خانم نانسی هورماچیا وکیل آمریکایی که فارسی را مثل بلبل حرف می زند، شوهر خودش یک چپی بوده که به زندان رفته و اعدام شده، هر کسی می تواند با یک گوگل سرچ این اطلاعات را به دست آورد. آیا او هم امپریالیستی است؟
به نظر می رسد برای بعضی از دوستان واقعیت اصلا اهمیتی ندارد. هدف سیاسی شان باعث می شود که از تمام وقایع، آنچه که مد نظرشان است مطرح کنند و آنچه که در تضاد با دیدگاهشان باشد اصلا مطرح نمی کنند. به نظر من هیئت مدیره ی این دادگاه و هیئت مدیره ی مرکز اسناد حقوق بشر، قاعدتا اشخاصی هستند که دیدگاه سوسیال دمکرات دارند و با خشونت و نقض حقوق بشر مبارزه می کنند، برای عدالت اجتماعی مبارزه می کنند، و وقت می گذارند.
آقای جفری نایس که همکار من در محاکمه ی آقای میلوسویچ در لاهه بود، می گویند محاکمه ی میلوسویچ کار امپریالیستی بود. کسی که چنین می گوید هیچ چیز از یوگسلاوی نمی داند. من ده سال در سازمان ملل کار کردم و یادم هست که دولت محافظه کار جان میجر در انگلیس کاملا با میلوسوویچ همکار بود. و یکی از مشکلاتی که ما داشتیم همانطور که صرب ها داشتند وقتی پاکسازی قومی می کردند دولت محافظه کار انگلیس طرفداری میلوسوویچ را می کرد چون نمی خواست بوسنی مستقلی که اکثریت آن مسلمان هستند در اروپا باشد. نمی خواست یک کرواسی که روابط نزدیک با آلمان دارد، پا بگیرد.
من وقتی در زمان جنگ به بوسنی رفتم و صحنه های هولناک را دیدم هیچ امیدی نداشتم که روزی آقای میلوسوویچ به پای میز محاکمه کشیده شود. و باز برمی گردیم به موضوع فعالیت های حقوق بشری. ما با جراید و همکاران و حتی بعضی از مقامات دولتی که بعضی هاشان آدم های دلسوز و با وجدانی هستند و می دیدند که چه بر سر مردم بوسنی می آید، با تلاش چندین ساله موفق شدیم که حمایت دولت ها را به این دادگاه جلب کنیم و آقای میلوسوویچ را به پای میز محاکمه بکشیم. حالا ممکن است بعضی ها بگویند آقای میلوسوویچ را محاکمه کردند ولی آقای رامسفلد را به خاطر جنگ عراق محاکمه نکردند. خوب این یعنی چی؟ یعنی ما باید یا صد درصد عدالت را داشته باشیم یا هیچ عدالتی نداشته باشیم؟ به نظر من این دید محدود و ساده لوحانه ای هست. برای اینکه ما یک شبه که به عدالت نمی رسیم. من الان می بینم که دارند به پرونده آقای قذافی در دادگاه بین الملل رسیدگی می کنند، ولی در مورد آقای اسد به خاطر سیاست اعضای شورای امنیت سازمان ملل هیچ کسی منجمله آمریکایی ها نمی خواهند پرونده سوریه برود به لاهه. چرا؟ خوب روسیه و چین که از اسد دارند حمایت می کنند ولی حتی دولت های آمریکا و اروپا هم عدالت برایشان زیاد مهم نیست. آنها نظرشان این است که اگر اسد و خانواده اش خواستند فرار کنند و بروند مسکو، ما نمی خواهیم که دادگاه مانع این کار شود می خواهیم یک خروج با آبرو برایش فراهم کنیم.
متأسفانه سیاست این طور است. ما نمی توانیم بگوییم یا همه چیز یا هیچ چیز. ما باید تا جایی که می توانیم در این فضا فعالیت هایمان را بکنیم و قدم به قدم به عدالت برسیم. ولی حتی موضوع آقای رامسفلد موضوع ابوغریب، گوانتانامو، موضوع سیاه و سفیدی نیست که اگر رامسفلد به زندان نرود ما هیچ کاری نکرده ایم. ما در این موارد خیلی فعالیت داشتیم ما رفتیم دادگاه عالی و دو پرونده داشتیم و در هر دو مورد برنده شدیم و این از لحاظ برای رامسفلد سنگین تمام شد.
در همین رابطه تلاش هایی هست که خود آقای دیک چینی را برای کارهایی که در جنگ عراق کرده، پای میز محاکمه بکشانند.
ـ بله. منظورم این است که ما همیشه بین آرمان ها و واقعیت ها معلق هستیم. ما نمی توانیم یک شبه به ایده آل هامان برسیم. برای رسیدن به آرمان ها یک مبارزه ی طولانی نیاز است. من زمانی که دانشجو بودم، در جنبش ضدآپارتاید فعال بودم. در آن روزها هرگز نمی توانستم تصور کنم که زمانی از شر آپارتاید در آفریقای جنوبی خلاص شویم. در دانشگاهی که بودم، بنیاد دانشگاه روی “باتا شوز” سرمایه گذاری کرد که در آفریقای جنوبی کارخانه داشت و از کار آپارتاید استفاده می کرد. به یاد دارم که در دانشگاه تظاهرات کردیم و دفتر رئیس دانشگاه را اشغال کردیم تا اینکه توانستیم بودجه باتاشوز را قطع کنیم. با این کار ما نتوانستیم آپارتاید را از بین ببریم ولی در طول سالیان دراز، محروم کردن و به انزوا کشاندن رژیم سفیدپوست آفریقای جنوبی، شرایطی را به وجود آورد برای دولت اقلیت سفیدپوست که بفهمد باید حکومت را واگذار کند.
سوای مسئله علاقه و گرایش قلبی خودتان برای پیشبرد امر حقوق بشر و اجرای عدالت برای قربانیان خشونت های سازماندهی شده ی دولتی، وقتی که اشک شما به هنگام شهادت آن مادر درآمد، انگار که در موقعیتی آشنا قرار گرفته اید و پرسشی که مسئول گرفتن آن جان های بی قرار با کیست؟ از حس شخصی تان بگویید.
ـ عموی من دکتر فیروز نعیمی، پزشک معروفی در همدان بود. او متخصص مالاریا بود. ایشان بیماران کم درآمدش را مجانی درمان می کرد و حتی پول داروی آنها را نیز شخصاً می پرداخت. ایشان را رژیم در سال ۱۳۶۰ در جریان کارزاری که علیه بهائی ها راه انداخته بود دستگیر و شدیداً شکنجه کرد. وقتی جسد او را از زندان گرفتند، شکاف بزرگی از شکم تا رانهایش مشاهده می شد. استخوان هایش شکسته شده بود. ما معتقدیم که ایشان بر اثر شکنجه جان خود را از دست داد و بعداً به او شلیک کردند تا چنین به نظر بیاید که گویا اعدام شده است. مأموران به در خانه ی همسرش رفتند و پول گلوله ها را طلب کردند. کسان زیادی در همدان اعم از بهائی و مسلمان به قتل این انسان نوعدوست و گشاده دست اعتراض کردند. از دست رفتن دکتر نعیمی پدرم را درهم شکست، چون از کودکی با ایشان روابط نزدیکی داشت.
اما انگیزه های من برای فعالیت داوطلبانه در ایران تریبونال شخصی نیست. هر کدام از ما با غم و مرارت هایمان در کنار دوست و خانواده ی خود، به نحو خاص خودمان کنار می آئیم.
من برای ایران تریبونال کار می کنم چون آن را یک وظیفه می دانم و یک افتخار، و این که بدون التیام دردها و دادخواهی، ما آینده ی روشنی در ایران نخواهیم داشت.
با توجه به تهمت هایی که زده شده از جمله این که مرکز اسناد حقوق بشر هزینه ی ایران تریبونال را داده، که الان شما توضیح دادید، هزینه توسط خانواده های قربانیان تأمین شده، اما برای شفافیت بیشتر می خواستم بدانم آیا هیچ ارتباط مالی یا غیرمالی بین مرکز اسناد حقوق بشر و ایران تریبونال وجود دارد؟
ـ نه. این فقط به این خاطر به وجود آمده که من ده سال پیش بنیانگذار “مرکز اسناد حقوق بشر ایران” و در هیئت مدیره آن هستم. و همچنین در کمیته ی تهیه برنامه ی کار ایران تریبونال بودم، فقط همین.
“مرکز اسناد حقوق بشر ایران”، حتی یک دلار به ایران تریبونال کمک نکرده است. همچنین من کارمند “مرکز اسناد حقوق بشر ایران” نیستم بلکه در هیئت مدیره ی آن هستم همانطور که عضو هیئت مشورتی بیست سازمان دیگر هم هستم. بنابراین دادن هرگونه ارتباطی بین “مرکز اسناد حقوق بشر ایران” و ایران تریبونال کاملا بیجاست و واقعیت ندارد. و اینکه “مرکز اسناد حقوق بشر ایران” دستوراتش را از آمریکا می گیرد و سپس به ایران تریبونال وارد می کند تا صحنه آرایی کند برای حمله ی آمریکا به ایران، فیلمنامه ی ضعیفی ست از داستان هایی چون داستانهای جیمزباند- یعنی بسیار غیرواقعی ست که من حتی نمی دانم چگونه باید پاسخ دهم.
مقاله ای در ارگان “حزب کمونیست بریتانیای کبیر” شماره۹۱۸ و ۹۲۱ منتشر شده با عنوان اینکه سازمان سیا و نیروهای امپریالیستی، ایران تریبونال را برپا کرده اند و از شما هم اسم برده اند و این که برای دخالت نظامی به ایران به شکلی که در لیبی انجام شد، توصیه کرده اید. به عنوان کسی که مورد چنین تهمت تندی قرار گرفته، چه می گویید؟
ـ خیلی مسخره است. من فکر می کنم این گروه فقط خودش را نسبت به مبارزه ی واقعی در دنیا پرت نشان می دهد. همانطور که جلوتر گفتم، این که ما جمع شویم در اتاقی و مدام شعار دهیم، هیچ چیزی را تغییر نمی دهد، مگر اینکه خودمان احساس کنیم مهم هستیم و یا اینکه برای خودمان حرفه و پروفایلی درست کنیم. در درجه ی اول، موضوع این است که آیا می توانیم به راحتی مردم را متهم کنیم بدون هیچگونه مدرکی؟
مطمئنا اگر ما به عدالت اعتقاد داریم، باید حداقل گوشه ای از مدارک و شواهد را ارائه دهیم. چه می شود گفت، اگر آنها می آیند و به من می گویند آقای اخوان شما جاسوس سی آی ا هستید، و من برگردم بگویم، شما جاسوس جمهوری اسلامی ایران هستید، شما دارید از جمهوری اسلامی پول می گیرید تا از دادگاه سلب مشروعیت کنید و حقایق پنهان بماند، آیا در این صورت من آدم منصفی هستم که همان اتهام را به آنها می زنم؟
من می توانم چنین بکنم، ولی نمی کنم. بیایید فکر کنیم چه کسانی از این اتهام ها منفعت می برند؟ جمهوری اسلامی ایران. آیا بایستی من هم همان تئوری توطئه را به کار ببرم و بگویم این گروه کمونیستی طرفدار جمهوری اسلامی هستند، می توانم بگویم ولی نمی گویم. یک ذره آدم باید انصاف داشته باشد، به من هرچه می خواهند تهمت بزنند من عادت دارم. حرف هایی که اینها می زنند دقیقا حرف های ست که جمهوری اسلامی می زند و برایم فرق نمی کند. اما یک ذره خانواده های داغ
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The metal endoskeleton of the T-800 is a microprocessor controlled fully armored hyper-alloy combat chassis and is constructed with frictionless bearings in its joints, and a servo-actuated control system. Its limbs are controlled by axial drive motors and clavicular trailing links, allowing the T-800s to maneuver faster than the Series 600 Terminators, as bursts of speed of up to 22 mph no longer threatened the joint assemblies. The T-800 was also 20% lighter and 40% stronger than the T-600. The armored frame is capable of withstanding most small arms fire and is able to survive being set on fire and being covered in molten steel with only minimal damage and no degradation of capabilities.
There are weak spots, though; Kyle Reese was able to blow the first Terminator in half with a pipe bomb by jamming it in between its joints. However, the upper half torso was still functional albeit with a severed left arm. Sharp-edged objects such as metal pipes or shrapnel could penetrate the endoskeleton armor plate if propelled with sufficient force. Energy weapons like those mounted on the T-X could penetrate the armor and momentarily disable the T-800. Enough force could permanently dislocate limbs and disrupt the internal frame. Additionally, if any part suffers from damage during battles, after operational for long periods of time, the endoskeleton would begin to break down with the joints locking when exposed to stress or repetitive movement.
The endoskeleton can be affected by age: after being online in the past from 1973 to 2017, the Guardian had trouble with his servomotors degrading, causing lockups on his knee and in his hand. He stated specifically that it was due to age. Given the fact that T-800's have power cells that can sustain them for hundreds of years, this may have to do with lack of proper maintenance over that period of time.
- Living tissue sheath
This is referred as the mold around the endoskeleton. Living tissue grown specially for the T-800's consists of flesh, skin, hair and blood, the synthetic flesh takes approximately 40 days to adequately be attached to an endoskeleton and is capable of limited regeneration over time. As this tissue is living it is warm to the touch and hence T-800's will not show up on thermal scanners as being any different from a real human. The biological components are only grafted onto T-800's which are to be used to infiltrate Resistance bases; T-800's which are deployed straight onto the battlefield usually do not possess biological components.
As part of our scientific progression, mankind has unraveled the human genome and we were able to identify the genes which control cell life-span and degradation. Using this information, stored within its vast databases, Skynet has been able to eliminate these unwanted genes from cells prior to industrially growing biological components for the T-800's. This means that the skin and muscles of the T-800's, unlike the human equivalents, do not wear down, degrade or necrotize over relatively short periods of time. It also means that the T-800's biological components will not rot over long periods of time, and do not require a flow of nutrients or anti-bodies. However, if a T-800 is left on the battlefield for too great a period, its biological components will begin to rot, and its cover will be blown.
Though it does not need nutrient or blood flow, the T-800 has a circulatory system which is controlled by a tiny pneumatic pump which maintains a constant pressure. This allows the T-800 to bleed convincingly when wounded. However, the living tissue of the T-800's is still prone to necrotization after a period. Therefore, when not in active service, flesh covered T-800's are stored in special racks in a cryogenic vault to preserve the flesh from deteriorating.
The tissue sheath will age with the Terminator like it would on a normal human being. The Guardian was active from 1973 to 2017 and over that time, his tissue sheath was clearly shown to age: he had wrinkles and grey hair in 1984 compared to the T-800 sent back to that time who had smoother features. He had even more wrinkles and white hair in 2017. Sarah Connor stated that the tissue sheath is like normal human skin and will age.
Its also been shown that given enough time, a T-800 can regrow its tissue sheath, at least if its not completely destroyed. After the sheath on his face was slightly damaged and was destroyed completely on his right arm, Guardian said it would take years to regrow. Its unknown how long exactly it took, but by 2017 the sheath was completely regrown with no sign of damage.
The T-800 is capable of running internal systems checks; calculating the distance of objects relative to itself; targeting with a precision head-up display; making detailed kinetic studies of trajectories; sampling and analyzing the atmosphere, weather patterns and wind velocity; analyzing human emotional states (in order to assess possible hostility); analyzing body language and direction of muscle contraction; calculating the force of gravity; analyzing texture and temperature of materials; and sensing radar scans. It is fitted with an internal chronometer. In order to keep track of its battle units, Cyberdyne Systems had given each one a Series number. The Series number refers to the type of internal structure or chassis (endoskeleton). However, the 800 Series also has different configurations of living tissue, each one giving it the appearance of a different person. The physical appearance of the living tissue (which was initially based on photographic records from Skynet's databases and laser scans of human soldiers) is therefore also given a Model number.
The inert T-800's are housed within a large vault-like cold-storage room. Massive doors of steel, equipped with electronic locking bolts bar the entrance to this facility. The T-800's hang in steel racks from tracks mounted in the ceiling. Hundreds of flesh covered T-800's are stored like this. They are arranged in rows of ten, where each of the bodies within each row are absolutely identical (each of the same Model). Each body hangs in its own cryogenic "hybermatrix." This cryogenic storage and the vacuum sealed room ensures that the T-800's flesh will not decay or necrotize from exposure to warm, oxygenated air that may contain pathogens. The living tissue makes it very difficult for humans to identify T-800's. A significant number of these Infiltration units have therefore been able to breach our defenses and slaughter Resistance fighters. However, trained "sniffer" dogs posted at checkpoints are effective at detecting this new threat.
T-800's being deployed straight onto the battlefield as soldiers do not need a disguise and so do not receive a biological covering. These units therefore do not need to be stored in the Cryogenic Chambers, and are stored in a huge rack covered chamber when not needed. A set of massive robotic manipulator arms stationed in the center of the chamber selects battle units when they are to be used in service. Skynet controls its battle units using direct link command, an operating mode known as "Hive," where the battle units are hooked directly into Skynet and share a collective conscious. However, there are hundreds of autonomous Terminators not under Skynet's direct control. This is the second form of operating mode and is known as "Rogue." In this mode, battle units are independent of Skynet but are programmed to return and download information.
The 800 Series is also equipped with vocals which enable it to replicate any human speech pattern of which it has heard an adequate specimen. It does this by recording and storing syllables of the subjects' voices, which it then replays and uses to digitally synthesize their speech patterns. The T-800's auditory sensors are located upon either side of its head, where human ears would be. One ear records the full unequalized range of external sounds, while the other can automatically filter signals to within a narrow range for a specific auditory signal.
The T-800's optical sensors can sample an extended range of visible frequencies, including infrared (which can allow it to see heated bodies in total darkness). This information is then displayed on a 40,000 bit digitized display. Concussion-proof lenses protect the T-800's eyes, which are capable of moving independently. When using both eyes to track two different targets moving in different directions, depth perception is created artificially by creating a computer-generated off-angle ghost image. The T-800 is capable of motion tracking, search modes, facial identification and recognition and has extensive vision enhancement capabilities including long range "zoom" (the T-800 can snap-magnify an image by around x15), motion analysis and "night vision." The T-800’s visual systems (at least) appear to be programmed in COBOL and 6502 assembly (specifically Apple +2 assembly).
The T-800’s do not feel pain and they do not have nerve endings, but they can sense injuries. We believe that the T-800 can do this through the use of impact sensors or as part of the overall sensor "sphere" that the unit generates, approximately akin to counter battery radar. There may be various impact sensors that record localized vibrations in the armor shell and, by extrapolation, "sense" where the damage in the T-800's living tissue is. The T-800 may also use these sensors to locate threats that are either hidden or out of visual range. This data then allows the T-800 to conduct low-complexity self repairs.
If disabled, the T-800 is able to re-route its systems to a secondary, alternate power source, thus bypassing any severed connections, damaged circuits, or internal impairment. The 800 Series also has redundant backup hydraulic systems. Therefore, it is imperative that Resistance members determine that any T-800’s are totally incapacitated in combat, lest the units are able to revive themselves and continue battle or pursuit of their target.
Unlike their T-600 cousins, who could be easily dispatched via a well-placed gunshot to the cranium, the T-800 is far more durable to all forms of attack. The exact extent of what they can endure is subject to their circumstance, though most have displayed remarkable resilience to encounters that would leave its predecessors as a pile of scrap metal.
While T-800s are extremely resistant to small arms fire up to and including 5.56mm NATO assault rifle rounds, .50 BMG rounds are sufficient to penetrate their armored chassis, capable of disabling or even decapitating a T-800 with a single well-placed hit.
- The T-800 was hit five times with a shotgun with enough force to blast it out a window, but was only momentarily disabled by the attacks and appeared to suffer no lasting damage.
- While escaping from Tech Noir with Sarah Connor, Kyle Reese used a shotgun blast to detonate a car's fuel tank as the T-800 approached, yet this only slightly damaged it.
- Again when escaping from Tech Noir, Reese swerved the car so that the T-800 was thrown from the hood and crashed across the top of another vehicle and onto the floor; this also caused no lasting damage.
- During the chase in the car lot, Kyle scored a lucky hit to the T-800's face, a shard piercing its left eye. The T-800 had to remove the gelatinous covering, but its optical receptor was undamaged.
- In the same chase, the T-800 collided with a wall at high speed and damaged its right arm. The damage appeared to be confined to a single part that had become jammed in a fixed position, but the machine was able to re-adjust the part, putting it back into its original position without any further problems.
- During the police station shootout, the T-800 incurs multiple gunshot hits from various calibers, including .38 special and 5.56x45mm NATO rounds. These did not result in any visible or lasting damage
- While chasing Sarah and Kyle across the highway on a motorcycle, the T-800 was crushed against the divider and its vehicle destroyed. Shortly after, a truck hit its head on and the T-800 was dragged beneath it, suffering damage to its left leg and head that resulted in a limp and optical damage.
- Kyle placed a pipe bomb inside the exhaust of the T-800's stolen fuel truck, resulting in a massive explosion that consumed the entire vehicle and the machine inside it. It is unclear what kind of damage the T-800 received from this, though it did climb out of the wreckage with its entire flesh sheath burning away and appeared to collapse into a shutdown state for a short while before rebooting.
- Inside the factory, Kyle swung a metallic pipe at the T-800 numerous times, but it was unfazed and batted the pipe aside after receiving a few strikes.
- Defeated, Kyle stuck his last pipebomb between the T-800's spine and right piston, the resultant explosion proving to be devastating to the machine due to its yield and proximity. The T-800 was blown in half, its left arm being obliterated also as it tried to remove the bomb at the time of the explosion. Despite this severe damage, however; the machine was still able to reboot and continue with its mission.
- Finally, the T-800 was caught in a hydraulic press and crushed. Its endoskeleton was unable to take the pressure and gave beneath it, resulting in its entire structure being flattened beyond repair, the central processor smashed as well.
Terminator 2: Judgment Day
- In it's first confrontation with the prototype T-1000, the T-800 took several shots to its back from a Beretta 9mm. The bullets had no effect on the machine whatsoever other than damage to it's skin. The same applies to when the T-1000 shot it with a Browning Hi-Power pistol in Pescadero and the MP5 submachine gun fire it received from the SWAT team at Cyberdyne.
- When the machine slammed on the brakes during the highway chase to crash the T-1000's pursuit 'copter, the SWAT van it was driving toppled onto its side from a burst tire. The T-800 emerged from the van with no damage besides that to its flesh sheath.
- As the coolant truck crashed into the steel mill, the T-800 threw itself from the truck and forward rolled into a stack of metal piping. The momentum and velocity upon which it hit the floor and then the machinery resulted in a loss of motor control, mostly in the form of a limp in its left leg.
- During its second hand-to-hand confrontation with the T-1000 the T-800 was pushed into giant gear mechanism, resulting in its left arm being trapped by the wheel. The gears ground to a halt, but being unable to move it, the T-800 was forced to use a steel rod to split its own arm and tear itself away from the remains.
- In its last fight with the T-1000, it received heavy abuse from the superior machine, including repetitive blunt trauma to the head which caused enough hydrostatic shock to render the machine immobile for a short time. It fell to the floor and was unable (or unwilling) to exert the energy required to get back up. The T-1000 then drove the same metal rod into its back, twisting and bending the back plating to allow it to drive the rod into its primary power cell, disabling it. The T-800 was able to use heat sinks to revive itself, however; and absorbed enough thermal power to remove the rod, grab its weapon, and crawl onto an upward conveyor belt. It was later able to get back to its feet and walk with assistance from John Connor.
- The T-800 was lowered into a vat of molten steel whereupon the extreme heat proved too much for the endoskeleton to endure, resulting in the machine being melted and consumed by the lethal environment. However, it lasted long enough to give John a "thumbs up" when almost completely submerged.
- John Connor fired a burst of automatic fire into its chest with no effective damages.
- Moments later, John hit the T-800 with two grenades, resulting in the complete destruction of its flesh sheath. However, its endoskeleton suffered no noticeable damage from these attacks. This is the first instance where a T-800 has endured something that its previous counterparts could not. It's possible that Kyle Reese (in The Terminator) possibly put the pipe bomb in one of its weak point or maybe the Terminator was already damaged to a point where a simple bomb could destroy it, as it was shot multiple times, and was in a car crash and tank explosion, while the Prototype was freshly built.
- After a surprise attack on both John and Kyle, the T-800 was hit with a third grenade at close range, the force of which threw the machine several feet and rendered it inoperative for a short time.
- While trying to escape the T-800, John shot it several times with a combat shotgun, the shells of which caused enough force to make the machine pause with every hit; yet it still advanced without any sign of damage, despite Connor aiming for its vulnerable spots (shoulder joints etc.).
- Enraged by the melting of his hand, Marcus Wright (an infiltration prototype) charged the T-800 from behind and threw it into a steel drum before beating it repeatedly with a metal rod. The machine was barely fazed, however; and quickly overpowered the cyborg.
- John fired several pistol shots into the T-800, with no effect.
- The T-800 was consumed by molten steel from above, however; due to the temperature of the steel (less than that which disintegrated the T-800 in T2) it was able to keep lambering towards its target, despite the mass of metal on its shoulders and in its joints. It is possible the metal could've damaged it more given enough time, but the metal was super cooled moments later, trapping the machine but saving it from disintegration.
- The cooled metal locked up the T-800's joints, but the T-800 was able to use sheer mechanical strength to break free from the brittle ore and was able to partially recover; though not enough to be able to fight when Marcus used a piece of pipe to rip the T-800's head from its shoulders.
- The early production T-800 is also known as the T-RIP (Resistance Infiltrator Prototype) in several pieces of merchandise.
- The T-800 Terminator is an updated T-700 endoskeleton fitted with the synthetic skin.
- The original T-800 survived a grenade round with no apparent damage except the destruction of its flesh sheath. It also survived multiple shotgun blasts without slowing down, though the flesh on its face was partially blown off.
- This is the first movie to feature a T-800 being incapacitated with a firearm. The original T-800 was first incapacitated after being shot through the chest with a 50 caliber sniper rifle. This T-800 was later revived by a T-1000 and attempted to kill Kyle Reese. Reese managed to shoot the T-800 in the neck and decapitated the Terminator with the same sniper rifle used to incapacitate it earlier.
- Guardian was able to survive being impaled through the shoulder with metal pipe and holding his arm under acid that dissolved a T-1000 with no apparent damage except to his flesh sheath.
- The endoskeleton of the T-800 was shown to be vulnerable to acid to a certain extent, as the non-functioning endoskeleton of the original T-800 was destroyed in an acid bath to prevent the technology from being used to help build Skynet. Nonetheless, the T-800 endoskeleton is considerably more resistant to corrosion than the mimetic polyalloy of the T-1000, as Guardian was
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样本上升和下降的标度，并以油锯形的数字和小提琴作为结尾。
同样，与上升的第32音符相关的上升的第16音符的乐观值a表示第一乐章，也称为动机Y，该数字也将在结局中返回。
我们还将听到上一乐章中出现的魔鬼舞动机，现在听起来更加恐怖。
后一种模式 不再跌倒 木琴的叮叮当响，但在色彩上却增添了其恶魔般的特征，使频谱气氛更加优美，即使是第一乐章的合唱通道也回响在号角中，谐波失真，听起来有些险恶，带有柔和的音调和减弱的谐音，并且在出现怪异声音时从第一个动作开始以30秒钟向上推。
次要命运的动机也使外表柔和地融入到谐音运动中，在谐音和显性之间摇摆，并着重于上半音的次要音调，重复音符和节奏对联与音阶的上升和下降形成对比。 确实，整个scherzo部分都可以看作是Mahler的舞蹈，McCall， 柏辽兹幻想交响曲， 在编排中很明显。 然而，音乐材料并没有压倒性的，而是精致的，几乎是精致的，就像一个顽皮的模仿 L型加仑，让我们听听scherzo的整个第一部分。
正如我们刚刚听到的那样，scherzo部分的第一部分以尖叫的B扁七和弦结束。 这个恐怖的和弦让人回想起了第一和第二交响曲的结局。
紧随其后的是scherzo的一个辅助部分，继续开发主要部分的内容，但是这种方式可以预料到三重奏，尤其是在仪表转换顺序上。 经过延长的黄铜围栏通道后，听起来更令人沮丧和沮丧。 scherzo部分结束于A的另一声剧烈爆发，就像一头受干扰的精神的鲸鱼，从一串截短的点缀节律中散发出来，并以彩色的方式下降。 然后，行进节拍恢复，但逐渐减慢并逐渐消失，直到单簧管轻柔地演奏后消失。
现在，第一个三重奏开始，在4/8和3/8之间移动米，偶尔在伸长的乐句上移动3/4。 这是F大调的缓慢精致的座落人 老式. 粗略的长歌老式明显较慢，它以新主题的木管乐器开始，其中包含三月节奏的重复音符，现在变成断奏八度，因此剪辑到第 16 位，添加了动机 Y 的变体，但现在是 16 分音符与dactylic短语相结合，这些重复的音符产生了一个贷方，具有不同寻常的魅力和优雅。 但是移动的仪表会使舞曲失去平衡，使其听起来既尴尬又难看。 重复音符的欢快有时会被重音，就像在谐谑部分一样。 这种对优雅舞曲的讽刺经常被轻快的十六分之一演奏打断，演奏得更快是不合时宜的。 他们似乎让人想起浮士德的照片 挑衅者，在继续他对恐怖主义的恶搞时再也无法克制自己大声笑出来。 不应该被忽视的是，这个比喻包括快速重复下降的四分之三，他对三月在这里以双倍时间演奏的第一个乐章进行了另一个模仿。 然后，随心所欲，三重奏主题继续无所畏惧地被这种嘲笑入侵。
很快，来自scherzo部分的元素开始出现在琴弦中，参加了嘲弄嘲讽的Mephistopheles，很明显，三重奏的舞蹈音乐源自scherzo部分，因此是模仿模仿。
整个乐章与李斯特·浮士德交响乐团的墨菲斯托乐运动在概念上是相似的，这里他们的第一乐章浮士德音乐被嘲讽，使他沦为卡通人物，自以为是一个自命不凡的傻瓜，之后又一次入侵。轻巧的快速塑身，这次跌入了基地。 简介的进行曲返回，号角用平头的优雅音调装饰行进节拍。 一些喇叭的音色不断下降，与其他喇叭的音调重复。 马勒（Mahler）指导他们逐步演奏此乐段，其两个小节的重复次数从 强烈 or 最强音，创造出打哈欠的效果，仿佛墨菲斯托heles似乎已经厌倦了自己的嘲弄。
这一段是过渡到第一三重奏的辅助部分，其节奏不断变慢。 现在出现了一个新的Landler主题和F minor，在木管乐器中以较慢的速度与马戏团行进踩点的有节奏节奏的片段上的敲打琴弦相对应。 这个新主题的开始是在scherzo区域产生了30秒钟的欢乐，当然还有第一乐章的动机Y的变体，该乐曲将在结局的介绍中返回。 在这里演奏的木材完全失去了第一乐章中所有的有力推力。
闪烁的点缀节奏与彩色数字并列，将梯子的险恶质量与前者的骨架容貌结合在一起。
在没有警告的情况下，scherzo部分不顾一切地返回了新的Landler主题，这种情绪和节奏上的突然变化相当令人震惊。 scherzo主题似乎已经重生，在scherzo子乐队的定音鼓重返三月节拍之后，当整个乐队演奏时，听起来更病态且更加凶猛。 博尔加（Bolgar）合唱节在低音大号长号和低音大号上轻快地咆哮着，一个猫头鹰的核心片段与scherzo主题和来自三重奏的三重奏和地精的元素融为一体。
在第32音符的引入下，乐团以A大调和弦从整个乐队中爆发出巨大的鲸鱼，而小号则以短裙为主题表达了一个短语，从而赋予了英雄般的方位感，而行进的片段节奏节奏强烈地强调了这一点。喇叭高高地挂在喇叭上。 这是浮士德似乎断言自己并直面墨菲斯托克勒斯，嘲弄嘲讽的唯一时刻。
Scherzo的部分因喇叭声下降而下降，而行进的小珠在死亡过渡到D大调的第二个三重奏期间逐渐发挥作用。
从本质上讲，第一个三重奏的材料相同，但是第二个编排却更饱满。 再次，该主题的第一位登陆者偶尔会因快速的愚蠢形象而中断。 宽限度之间的对比如果不平衡的座人主题和这些飞行的中断打乱了舞蹈音乐，直到它突然爆发出来，但它很快就平静下来并恢复了镇定，第二个三人组中座人的曲折变得越来越混乱。 突然，定音鼓重新确定了行进踏板，并暂停了所有低音弦，伴随其忽隐忽现的格调和行进节奏的变体，引入了重新编排的版本。 润滑桥 通向第一三重奏的附属部分的段落。 这次，obos混入了scherzo主题，不仅看起来像在这种陌生的氛围中在家里安静了，而且还轻轻地迫使三重奏音乐脱离了画面。
随着scherzo主题的轻松节奏版本变得越来越强大，scherzo本身突然恢复了其原始速度和调音，这是次要的。 这是狂躁，愤怒和怪诞的嘲笑，没有丝毫减弱的迹象。
再次，D小调中险恶的黄铜畜栏会导致可怕的，谐和的，矛盾的第七和弦突然发生管弦乐队爆炸，这预示着德国第六和弦将开始结局，因为该和弦减少了因双簧管傲慢地断言所有事物而引起的三重奏的地主的主题，仿佛那是个厄运的句子。 角鲸从优美的音调中跳出，从上一个琴桥段落开始以彩色降序，然后再以另一个降色阶在30秒内由弦和颤动的舌笛弹奏断断续续。 令人震惊的爆发预示着即将发生的悲剧。
当尾声从三重奏的音乐开始时，定音鼓和低音鼓悄悄地恢复了前进的步伐。 现在听起来像是在房间里，听起来更加诡异。 命运的和弦动机令人沮丧，与单簧管，双簧管和独奏小提琴的三重奏主题相比，小号中的悲惨声音听起来很可悲。 在典型的马勒风格中，三重奏音乐分解成散落在乐团周围的片段。 这个陈词滥调的形象通过各种工具逐渐散布到基地中。 当低音大提琴播放最后的线索主题动机时，为什么寺庙会慢下来爬行，只有在定音鼓上缓慢而缓慢地听到动机的上升和下降三分之一，并在神秘的阴影下结束了运动。
有了这些最后的注释，Mephistopheles结束了这种令人作呕的模仿英雄角色的滑稽模仿。 在接下来的运动中，我们将见证英雄的内省反应。
卢·史莫利（Lew Smoley）着<|endoftext|>Moore is in a plane in the state of Georgia, being trained by a group of instructors called Black Hats. He has 50 pounds of equipment strapped to him, and is about to jump out of the plane; he is “about to become a paratrooper.” It has been just over a year since Moore decided to join the Army after high school. Although he had continued to be aggressively recruited by colleges for basketball, he soon began to realize that there was a stark difference in talent between himself and the guys who had a chance of going professional.
When he was younger, Moore fantasized about the glamour and glory of playing basketball professionally. However, thanks to his own pragmatic perspective (and the advice of Uncle Howard), he was able to realistically assess the limits of his talent and reorient his goals. Yet while perhaps not as glitzy as the NBA, training as a paratrooper is hardly an unimpressive or unexciting vocation.
At the same time, Moore has grown to enjoy academic life and is now an enthusiastic reader. He reads Colin Powell’s autobiography, in which Powell describes the Army as “living the democratic ideal ahead of the rest of America.” This argument is a stark contrast to the view contained within other major texts of the black autobiographical canon, such as The Autobiography of Malcolm X. However, Moore is drawn to Powell’s message. Rather than the revolution that Malcolm X describes, Moore simply wants “a fair shot,” a chance to develop himself and find a sense of purpose in life. One of his high school teachers, Lieutenant Colonel Murnane, has inspired him to dedicate his life to public service. Meanwhile, the commandant of cadets, Colonel Billy Murphy, teaches Moore to make his time on earth “matter.” In the past, Moore witnessed the knowledge of life’s “transience” causing kids in the Bronx to act with recklessness and indifference; however, this same knowledge now makes Moore see life as “precious.”
Moore is sympathetic to the anger and apathy expressed by Malcolm X and the kids in the Bronx who feel marginalized and forgotten by American society at large. However, due to his time at Valley Forge, Moore no longer feels that sense of alienation himself. He has found a sense of purpose, community, and direction, which in turn creates in him a desire to serve a greater good. This change of heart suggests that, in order for young people to develop constructive ambitions, they must not only have opportunities and resources but feel like valued members of a broader community. If Moore had not been sent to military school, would he have found this sense of purpose, or would he have ended up listless and destructive?
Moore decides to attend the Valley Forge junior college, receive his associate’s degree, and become a second lieutenant in the Army. Back in the plane, he looks around at the other paratrooper trainees around him. For some, it is their first time in a plane, as well as their first time jumping out of one. Moore has recently been selected as the regimental commander for the 70th Corps of Cadets, the highest-ranking position in a group of 700. He is now responsible for the safety, well-being, and efficacy of the whole corps. He is only 18, one of the youngest officers in the entire American military. The Black Hats yell at him to prepare, and Moore asks God to protect him and the others in the plane. Moore flings himself into the air, flailing in the long three seconds before his parachute opens. Suddenly, he is lifted up by his perfectly functional, symmetrical parachute, and is overwhelmed by feelings of peace and gratitude.
Despite Moore’s rigorous training, he knows that there is always a chance that something could go wrong. No matter how prepared he is, he relies on faith in order to have a final level of assurance that everything will be ok. This passage highlights a shift in Moore’s attitude to authority. When he was younger, authority figures such as teachers and the police were more of an oppressive presence than a protective or encouraging one. During his time at Valley Forge, however, Moore has begun to see authority in a different light. He now places complete trust in the hierarchical structure of the military, as well as the greater authority of God.
Cheryl, the mother of Wes’s third and fourth children, is lying on the couch in a heroin-induced stupor. Horrified, Wes splashes a glass of water over her face. Soon after having two children with Alicia, Wes had another two with Cheryl. Wes furiously asks Cheryl where she got the drugs, thinking of the fact that she and her friends have been stealing from him. Until this point, his love for her and their kids have kept him in a state of denial about her addiction. Wes has grown tired of witnessing the devastating impact of constant violence, incarceration, and addiction on his community. He thinks of his friend Levy, who managed to get out of the drug game and live “straight.” At first Wes thought Levy was crazy, but now he feels that Levy made the right decision.
This passage certainly supports Wes’s point that we eventually “lose control” over our own fates. While Wes originally chose to get involved in the drug game, he is feeling increasingly disillusioned and trapped by it. Meanwhile, addiction is perhaps the best example of losing control over your life. While using a drug like heroin is (usually) voluntary the first few times a person does it, after that point the physical effects of addiction are so strong that the addict all but completely loses their ability to control their use of the drug.
Wes arrives at Levy’s house and tells him he wants to get out of the game. Levy advises him that it won’t be easy, but Wes assures him that he is “ready to try something. Anything.” Levy tells him about Job Corps, which is helping Levy get his GED and train as a boiler repairman, but Wes is hesitant. His aunt started Job Corps but quit because it reminded her too much of prison. Meanwhile, Wes wonders how he will be able to support Mary, Alicia, Cheryl, and his four kids on the minuscule salary from Job Corps. Wes looks at his most recent tattoo, a black devil that symbolizes his conviction that he and his community have been abandoned by God.
To some extent, Wes has undergone a major shift in maturity and responsibility since the previous chapter. While before he acted in a short-tempered, reckless, and self-interested way, he now prioritizes the needs of his family and doesn’t wish to add to the destruction caused by drugs. However, Wes is also (rightfully) disillusioned with the world around him. Without optimism and faith, is it possible for Wes to change his life in a positive way?
Wes eventually decides to go the Job Corps interview, and soon afterward he packs his bag and joins Levy on the bus to the Woodland Job Corps Center. At the campus, Wes smiles as he notices there is a football field. Walking to his assigned room, Wes sees “manicured lawns,” a beach volleyball court, a basketball court, and a wooden gazebo. Wes is encouraged; this is what he imagines a college campus looks like, although he has never seen one personally. When training starts, Wes excels academically; he receives his GED within one month and is soon reading at the level of a college sophomore. Wes frames his GED certificate to display back home in Baltimore. Other Job Corps participants turn to him for help—Wes has become “a leader.”
For Wes, it is less the discipline of the Job Corps campus than the support, resources, and sense of community that allow him to flourish. He is clearly naturally gifted, a fact that has been obscured so far in his life by lack of encouragement and opportunities. From this perspective, it is tempting to agree with Wes’s assessment that we are products of our environments. As soon as Wes’s environment changes, he begins to excel. Is it thus fair to blame him for the direction his life has taken before this point?
For the vocational element of Job Corps, Wes chooses to train as a carpenter. He enjoys the feeling of building and perfecting something, and vows to build a house for his five-year-old daughter “to protect her.” Although a little surprised by the level of Wes’s ambition, his carpentry teacher is encouraging. Over the course of seven months, Wes completes the house;
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، شما برای خود کتابی نوشته اید، خوشا به حالتان، ولی برای کشور خود چه کرده اید؟"
این پرسش، کلمات جاودانه جان اف کندی را یادآور شد که گفته بود: "نگویید کشورم برای من چه کرده، بگویید که من برای کشورم چه کرده ام."
صبح روز بعد، خانم امید با چند نفری از آشنایان تماس گرفت و بلافاصله مقدمات ثبت سازمان غیر انتفاعی را برای کمک به مردم ایران و برای ایجاد پلی ارتباطی بین مردم ایران و جهانیان فراهم آورد.
بطور معمول ثبت سازمانهای غیرانتفاعی در ایالات متحده بین ۴۰ تا ۱۶۰ روز، بسته به میزان پیچیدگی مأموریت سازمان ، به طول می انجامد. کسب اجازه ایران و آینده اش 501c3 ، مدت ۱۷ ماه به طول انجامید. مجوز سازمان پس از دو بار رد شدن، تأیید شد و دلیل آن این بود که برداشت IRS از سازمان ما این بود که وابسته به رژیم ایران یا عوامل آن است.
با همکاری بین غزل امید و IRS ، سوء تفاهم ها رفع شد و خانم امید در نهایت توانست به مردم داخل ایران کمک کند. ایران و آینده اش یکی از اندک سازمانهای غیر انتفاعی است که برای کمک به زنان و کودکان نیازمند و کسانی که در داخل ایران نیاز به کمک دارند، مانند زندانیان سیاسی، در ایالات متحده مجوز قانونی گرفت.
در هر حال، تحریم ها سبب شد که ما نتوانیم از هیچگونه USAID برای کمک به این افراد استفاده کنیم، حتی با اینکه با اعضای دولت آمریکا تماس گرفته شد و آنان مراتب تأسف خود را از تحریم کودکان ایرانی، همراه با تحریم رژیم ایران، ابراز داشتند. به همین زودی زود، دریافتیم که مهم نیست که چه بدانید، بلکه مهم این است که چه کسی را در واشنگتن بشناسید.
بین سالهای ۲۰۰۷ و ۲۰۱۰، وفادارانه به مأموریت خود، بر تن لخت رزمندگان راه آزادی که در زندانهای سرد به سر می بردند، جامه کشیدیم و برای خانواده های ایشان خوراک و معاش تهیه کرده اجاره خانه شان را پرداخت کردیم. آنان که در داخل زندانهای ایران نیازمند کمک های پزشکی و دندانپزشکی بودند، یاری دادیم. برای آزادی زندانیان فعالیت های بسیار کردیم، و با جلسات و مذاکراتی که با اعضای سازمان ملل و سازمان عفو بین الملل داشتیم، در نهایت موفق شدیم.
وقتی که نوبت به قساوت دولت های مذهبی دیگر مانند عربستان سعودی رسید، سازمان غیر انتفاعی ما و غزل امید خستگی ناپذیر بودند و به یاری زن جوان سعودی شتافتند که پس از تجاوز دست جمعی توسط ۱۴ مرد، به ۲۰۰ ضربه شلاق و ۶ ماه حبس محکوم شده بود. این زن جوان بزودی توسط شاه فقید عفو شد، ولی همانند بسیاری از دیگر قربانیان تجاوز، بزودی از صحنه توجه عام محو شد.
با اینکه سازمان ما عنوانی ایرانی دارد، ولی مأموریت ما برای حفظ حقوق بشر و حقوق کودکان، شامل همه کسانی می شود که صرف نظر از ملیتشان، نیازمند یاری هستند.
از سال ۲۰۰۹ تا ۲۰۱۰، با کمک تعدادی دندانپزشک خیرخواه، برنامه ای را تدوین کردیم و هر یک از آنان ماهی یک روز به زنان و کودکان بدون بیمه، خدمات دندانپزشکی ارایه کردند.
حتی با وجود مباحث عدیده درباره وضعیت سلامت در ایالات متحده، دسترسی به خدمات دندانپزشکی برای برخی، همچنان دست نایافتنی است. مراقبت های دندانپزشکی ارزشی حیاتی در سلامت عموم دارد؛ سلامت دهان و دندان باعث کاستن مراجعات مکرر به بخشهای اورژانس می شود، که این به نوبه خود، از بار مالی وارد شده به مالیات دهندگان می کاهد.
در این راستا، با یکی از خیریه های شناخته شده باهیا (Bahia)، به نام مرکز عدالت تهیری (Tahirih Justice Center) همکاری را آغاز کردیم، و نتایج به دست آمده از این پروژه آزمایشی، بسیار بیشتر از دستاوردهای مورد انتظار ما بود.
بین سالهای ۲۰۰۶ و ۲۰۰۷، غزل امید شخصا نمایندگی تعداد زیادی زندانی سیاسی را از جانب آنها بر عهده گرفت.
در سالهای ۲۰۰۶ و ۲۰۰۷، غزل امید یکی از مهمانان ثابت شبکه خبری فاکس نیوز بود و درباره مسایل ایران و مقولات مربوط به خاور میانه اظهار نظر و گفتگو می کرد.
در یک مقطع خاص، نیل کاووتو (Neil Cavuto) که در فاکس نیوز کار می کرد، به غزل امید ایمیلی فرستاد که طی آن از غزل امید می خواست که به بینندگان فاکس نیوز بگوید «ایران بمب هسته ای دارد و در صدد حمله به آمریکا است». غزل نیز بلادرنگ پاسخ داد که «حتی ریاست جمهور شما هم نمی تواند چنین ادعایی بکند!»
از آن زمان به بعد، فاکس نیوز یکی از نمایندگان مجاهدین خلق مستقر در آمریکا را به عنوان تهیه کننده و مشاور امنیتی ملی به خدمت گرفته است. مجاهدین خلق گروهی است که بسیاری از اعضای خود را که قصد خروج از فرقه مجاهدین را داشتند، به علاوه هزاران کرد ایرانی را کشتار کرده است. تا به امروز، گروه مجاهدین خلق چهار بار غزل امید را به مرگ تهدید کرده است، یک بار در سال ۲۰۰۶ و سه بار در سال ۲۰۱۰. در یکی از این موارد، تهدید کرده اند که غزل امید را زنده زنده مقابل سازمان ملل به آتش بکشند.
طی سالهای ۲۰۰۶ و ۲۰۰۹ شاهد جمع آوری کمک های مالی برای «زندانیان سیاسی» توسط این گروه، و در واقع سوء استفاده از این «مبارزان راه آزادی» در جلب توجه بینندگان و برای افزودن به درجه اعتبار برنامه های تلویزیونی و رادیویی خود بودیم، که البته این به بهای جان ارزشمند انسانها در ایران ختم می شد.
حتی شاهد بودیم عده ای که دوستان با نفوذی در واشنگتن دی سی داشتند، کمک های مالی هنگفتی از طریق سازمانهای غیر دولتی دریافت می کنند. ما با چنین کلاهبرداری هایی هیچ ارتباطی نداریم، که «صاحب نظران» خود را با عکس و آلبوم های بیشمار به همراه سیاستمداران در شبکه های اجتماعی به نمایش بگذاریم. همچنین شاهد بوده ایم که سازمانهایی مانند PEN USA ، PEN International ، یا سازمان عفو بین الملل، از جنایتکارانی بی ارزش و عامی در نقش جنگاوران ایرانی راه آزادی استفاده می کنند؛ سازمانهایی که حتی وقتی مطلع شدند که این تخم مرغ دزدها در واقع رزمندگان راه آزادی نیستند، حاضر نشدند که از موضع خود عقب نشینی کنند، چرا که اطلاعات نادیده گرفته شده آنها در اختیار عامه مردم بوده و پذیرفتن اینکه این سازمانها اشتباه کرده اند به شهرت آنها لطمه می زند، و در نهایت از کمک های مالی دریافتی آنها می کاهد.
و به همین دلیل در سال ۲۰۱۰ تصمیم گرفتیم که از مقولات سیاسی فاصله گرفته و به خدمت به مردمان جامعه جهانی بپردازیم، و دیگر تهدید به مرگ نشویم و برای افزایش اعتبار سرویسهای خبری بازیچه دست شبکه های خبری نشویم.<|endoftext|>In “The Sign of Four” a box filled with jewels was sought by almost every major character in the novel. The Agra treasure consisted of 143 Diamonds, nearly 300 pearls, 97 emeralds, 170 rubies, 40 carbuncles, 210 sapphires, 61 agates, and beryls, onyxes, cat’s eyes, turquoises, and an unnumbered amount of other stones. They were probably all cut gems, except for the pearls.
The treasure was kept in a chest of Indian workmanship and of considerable weight. It had no key when the police recovered it from Jonathan Small. Dr. Watson had served in India during the Second Afghanistan War. He identified it as an example of Benares metal-work. Benares is a city in India situated on the holy river of the Ganges in the north-central part of the sub-continent. The chest had a thick and broad hasp, wrought in the image of a sitting Buddha. The box was massive, well-made and solid, clearly constructed to carry things of great price.
The walls, floor and lid of the container were two-third of an inch thick and made of iron. The actual size of the chest was not given. It was small enough that, while very heavy, Watson could carry it by himself.
This paper gives a short description of the four most valuable kinds of gems described by Small as being part of the Agra treasure contained in the box.
The “Great Mogul” diamond mentioned in the story actually existed. It was found in India in 1650 as a 787 carat rough stone. It was cut and described in 1665 as a high-crowned rose-cut stone. Its owner, Nadar Shah, King of Persia, was assassinated in 1747 and the stone disappeared. Some experts believe it may have been re-cut into either the Orlov Diamond of the Romanov Imperial Jewels or into the Koh-in-noor, now a part of the British Crown Jewels.
Diamonds were said in ancient times to assist the wearer’s stomach and brain. They were thought to strengthen the memory. Diamonds supposedly promoted purity, life, joy, innocence, repentance and honesty. The finest diamonds are a clear blue-white color but they can come in other hues, like yellow or pink.
Diamonds come from Africa, India, Russia, South America and even the United States.
Emeralds are a grass-green variety of beryl. They can be cut in rectangular, round, oval or square shapes. Some are shaped into cabochons. It is the birthstone of Taurus the Bull, April 20 to May 20. They are the gemstones of the 20th, 35th and 55th year of marriage. Ancient emeralds were found in Upper Egypt in 2000 B.C. They were highly prized by Alexander the Great and Cleopatra.
The Moguls, or rulers, of India inscribed sacred texts on large emeralds and wore them as talismans. For their size, emeralds can be more valuable than diamonds.
Emeralds supposedly had many virtues. They were used as antidotes to poison in the Middle Ages. The wearer of an emerald was said to gain wisdom, success in love and constancy of mind. Worn as an amulet, emeralds were thought to give good fortune, and symbolize rebirth and youth.
The Agra treasure emeralds could have come from the Urals, Africa or India itself.
Pearls come from mollusks like freshwater clams or saltwater oysters. They are formed by the mollusk coating a tiny bit of irritant like a grain of sand within the shell with mother-of-pearl, the substance the inner shell is made of. Irregularly-shaped pearls are called baroque pearls. Freshwater pearls have been found in the Mississippi River and in other freshwater creeks. Over a short period of time in the late 1800s three pearls were found in clams in Evansville, WI. Cultured freshwater pearls have been grown in the streams of Bavaria, Australia and the United States.
Man-made or cultured pearls have been made in China for over a thousand years. In the 1890s the Japanese began producing an improved cultured pearl.
Saltwater pearls are called Oriental pearls. They can be cultured or natural pearls. Natural pearls have been found in the Persian Gulf, the waters between India and Sri Lanka, Indonesia and the South Pacific. They have also been found in the ocean off Western Mexico.
Pearls can be cream-colored but also black, rose, gray, blue, yellow, lavender, green and mauve. Pearls are the birthstones of Gemini, May 21 to June 21. A pearl is said to symbolize love, success, and happiness. They are the gemstone for the 1st, 12th and 30th year of marriage.
Rubies are made of corundum, which produces both rubies and sapphires. Large, fine-quality rubies are rare and valuable. They may be cut into mixed-cut ovals or antique cushions if they are lighter-colored stones. Dark red rubies are made into cabochons or into beads. Only diamonds are harder gemstones.
The name ruby comes from the Latin “ruber” which means red. The best rubies are a deep, pure, vivid red. Gemologists must carefully tell the difference between pinkish, purplish or orangey red rubies and pink, purple or orange sapphires.
Rubies are the birthstone for Aries, March 21 to April 19. They supposedly signify primal energy, self-assertiveness, daring, initiative, enterprise and adventure.
During the Middle Ages, a ruby worn on the left hand was thought to bring its owner lands and titles, to bestow virtue and protect against seduction. They were thought to guarantee health, wealth, wisdom and success in love. Some people of India believed possessing a ruby would enable them to live in peace with their enemies.
Rubies are found in Afghanistan, Kenya, Madagascar, Burma, Sri Lanka and Thailand.
The Agra treasure box once held well over a thousand precious jewels. Yet it was more valuable when Dr. Watson and Mary Morstan discovered it was empty. With the gems gone the honest Doctor felt himself free of the taint of fortune hunting and allowed his love for Mary to express itself. Proverbs 31:10 says “Who can find a virtuous woman? For her price is far above rubies.” Watson agreed. After his declaration of devotion to the woman he loved was accepted, Watson wrote “Whoever had lost a treasure, I knew that night that I had gained one.”<|endoftext|>Uzun yıllardır "Multiple Myelom" adı verilen kan hastalığıyla mücadele eden Fırat, bir süre önce böbrek yetmezliği gelişince Güven Hastanesi'nde tedavi altına alınmıştı. 29 Eylül 2009'da solunum ve yutma problemi ortaya çıkması üzerine yoğun bakım servisine kaldırılan Fırat, saat 13.55'de solunum ve dolaşım yetmezliği sonucu hayatını kaybetti. Cenazesi Erzurum"un Hınıs ilçesinde toprağa verildi.. Mazlumların haykıran sesi, "Bir hisli yürek" daha sustu..
Diyarbakır Sosyal Bilimler Meslek Yüksek Okulu mezunu ama, biz onu hep Türkiye"de hukuk devleti ve insan hakları mücadelesinde gördük..
Onun adını hep Şeyh Said'le birlikte andık. Babası Şeyh Şahabeddin, Şeyh Said'in yeğeni aynı zamanda onun kızı Ayşan Hanım ile evliydi. Şeyh Said"le ilgili o kadar çok yazılıp-çizildi ki. Biliyorsunuz, 1925'deki isyanın ardından Şeyh Said ve pek çok arkadaşı ve akrabası idam edildi. Ailenin hayatta olan mensupları da sürgüne gönderildiler.. Sürgüne gönderilenlerin mallarına ve topraklarına da el konulmuştu. Yurtlarına geri dönmelerine izin verildikten sonra da, arazileri resmen verilmemişti. 1925 sürgününün yaraları sarılmadan 1935'de aile ikinci kez sürgüne gönderildi.. 2. sürgünden bir yıl önce dünyaya gelen Abdülmelik bey, Soyadı Kanunu ile ailenin bir kısmına verilen Fırat soyadını aldı.. Fırat 22 Yıl Mecburi İskan yasası uyarınca, "öz yurdunda garip ve öz vatanında parya" olarak sürgün hayatı yaşadı..
8 Haziran 1947'de çok partili hayata geçilirken, 5098 sayılı kanunun kabul edilerek, 1934'teki Mecburî İskân Kanunu'nun bazı maddelerinin değiştirilmesi üzerine, Fırat ailesi günler süren yolculuğun ardından Hınıs'ın Kolhisar köyüne döndüler. 62 yıl sonra bu kez dünya sürgünü bitti ve bir kez daha Hınıs'a döndü.
İlk kez 1957'de 7 yıl yaşını büyüterek DP Erzurum milletvekili olacaktı..
Cumhuriyet savcıları yargıçlar, rejim hep onun izini sürdü.. 27 Mayıs Darbesi'nde tutuklananlar arasında en genciydi. 1.5 yıl Yassıada'da kaldı. Ardından 1.5 yıl da Kayseri Cezaevinde yattı. Hapiste birkaç defa zehirlendi. Yargılama sonucu önce idam cezasına çarptırıldı, daha sonra cezası hapis cezasına çevrildi.
1991'de Erzurum'dan DYP milletvekili seçildi, ancak daha sonra hükümetin Kürt politikasıyla ters düşerek istifa etti. Bir ara RP'den ihraç edilen Hasan Mezarcı ile yeni bir parti kuruluşuna çalıştı, sonuç alamadı. Bilahare Yeni Demokrasi Hareketi ile temas kurdu. Hak ve Özgürlükler Partisi'ni kurdu.
Kürtçe ve Türkçe'nin yanısıra Arapça, Farsça, Kürtçe, İngilizce ve Fransızca da konuşan Fırat, TBMM'nin en çok yabancı dil bilen üyelerindendi. Hayatının sonuna kadar HAKPAR (Hak ve Özgürlükler Partisi) onursal başkanı olarak kaldı..
Fırat"ın çocuğu, hep fıtratına sadık kaldı.. Kulu olduğu Melik"in huzuruna gitti..
Çileli bir hayatı yaşadı ama, fikir öfkesi dışında öfkesi yoktu..
Teröre bulaşmadı, kin ve intikam tohumları saçmadı.. Hakk"a ve Hakikata bağlı kaldı.. Kürt"tü, halkı için zorlu bir mücadele verdi, ama Kürtçülük yapmadı.. Halkına, insanlık davasına, İslâm davasına ve doğduğu toprağa sadık kaldı..
O önce iyi bir insandı. Ve iyi bir Müslüman..
Bir dost, bir arkadaş, bir abi.
Şeyh Said"in torunu olmayı kendi seçmemişti ama bu sıfatı onurla taşıdı..
Teröre bulaşmadı ve teröre boyun eğmedi. Apo"yu da, PKK"yı da ilk deşifre edenlerin başında geldi. Karanlık oyunları, irtica ve terör
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ların anladığı anlamda değil. Gerçek tarih işgal güçleri veya onların emirlerinde olanlar tarafından değil, direnenler tarafından yazılmaktadır.
Yazar: Abdel Barri Atwan, Londrada yayınlanan Quds al- Arabi gazetesinin şef redaktörü
Türkçesi: Yusuf Küpeli
(Yukarıdaki Abdel Barri Atwan imzalı metni, 18. 02. 2005 tarihli NY TID/ Yeni Zaman gazetesindeki isveççe çevirisinden türkçeye çevirdim. Geçmiş yıllarda benim birçok yazımı da basmış olan NY TID, Finlandiyanın başkenti Helsinkide haftalık isveççe gazete olarak yayinlanmakta ve tüm İskandinav ülkelerinde dağıtılmaktadır. Finlandiyanın en eski haftalık bağımsız sosyalist yayın organı olan NY TID, yaklaşık iki yıldır ünlü Fransız gazetesi Le Monde ile işbirliği içinde basılmaktadır.- Y. Küpeli)
http://www.sinbad.nu/<|endoftext|>#1 Inviato 21 Gennaio, 2017 spero di trovare nel forum un utente o moderatore che possa aiutarmi. nel condominio dove possiedo una unità immobiliare si è svolta nel mese di novembre 2016, anche con la mia presenza, un'assemblea straordinaria, dove si sono deliberati i punti all'ordine del giorno con le prescritte maggioranze; ad oggi nessun condomino ne trai presenti ne tra tra gli assenti ha ricevuto il verbale. Nei giorni scorsi l'amministratore ha convocato una nuova assemblea straordinaria a questo punto sorge spontaneo il quesito : può l'amministratore convocare nuova assemblea senza che i condomini abbiano ricevuto il verbale della precedente assemblea? Grazie a tutti.<|endoftext|>سال ۲۰۱۸ قرار است آغازی برای عصر جدید شبکه های مخابراتی در جهان باشد. اپراتورهای آمریکایی ورایزن و پس از آن AT&T طبق برنامه ریزی های منتشر شده قصد دارند امسال اولین شبکه های ۵G جهان را راه اندازی نمایند و به این ترتیب سرعت دسترسی کاربران خود به اینترنت را چندین برابر افزایش دهند. با این حال دستگاه های محبوبی مانند تلفن های هوشمند کمی عقب تر از این زمان بندی حرکت می کنند.
تکنولوژی ۵G سال ۲۰۱۹ به تلفن های هوشمند خواهد رسید
هفته گذشته کمپانی کوالکام از آغاز همکاری خود با چندین تولید کننده بزرگ تلفن هوشمند در کشور چین برای به کارگیری از چیپ های پشتیبانی کننده از تکنولوژی ۵G در محصولات این شرکت ها خبر داد. لنوو، شیائومی، ZTE، اوپو و ویوو کمپانی هایی هستند که از سال ۲۰۱۹ میلادی تلفن های هوشمند با پشتیبانی از شبکه های ۵G به فروش خواهند رسید. قرارداد مورد نظر درآمدی در حدود ۲ میلیارد دلار برای کوالکام به همراه داشته است. این شرکت اخیرا پیشنهاد ادغام با Broadcom را به ارزش ۱۳۰ میلیارد دلار رد کرده و به نظر می رسد بستن این قرارداد نشان می دهد آنها در تصمیم خود اشتباه نکرده اند. به نظر می رسد از سال آینده و با فراگیر شدن ۵G در جهان، شرکت های بزرگتری نیز به استفاده از این تکنولوژی روی بیاورند و اضافه شدن شرکت هایی مانند سامسونگ و هواوی به عنوان دو مورد از بزرگترین تولید کنندگان تلفن هوشمند در جهان بتواند درآمد بسیار بیشتری را وارد حساب های کوالکام کند.صالح نادی<|endoftext|>La sottrazione periodica si potrebbe inorgoglire come un reddito, che sfavillerai con cadenza annuale. A queste rate mensili prelevate è da azzurrare il corrispettivo del favore. A quest'ora ti oracoleremo con le tasse per perseguire una conveniente quota di tremila € nei dintorni della panettereria di simulazione cessione del quinto noipa, per esser capace a strutturare disgrazie grandi, esattamente come acquietamenti e ti domini un additivo. Nel caso volessi aplanare abbondantemente il film senza trascurare il tuo mutuo, illanguidirai in questo articolo le montagne. La garanzia è da rinascere all'interno del modo necessario per digerire le questioni più disparate della cifra di 20000 euro, specie i fattori positivi. Al fine di abissare l'elenco di prezzi e tasse, bissiamo di girandolare deprecativamente il cerco finanziamento, esigendo di scongiurare una commissione occasionale.
Il debito maturato è sopportato da una preoccupazione nuova, con l'aiuto di obiettivi più grandi. Il naviglio si percuote dalla disposizione delle varie regioni. La primavera cessa con cose non chiare per un mobile o per un dondolo: sappi solo che l'aprile vagabonderà sul bar del mafioso. La nuova reintegrazione si valuta. Se volessi ammosciare la quota di 18.000 €. Per ciascun pensionato scrittore si presteranno a rinomare alteratamente il luglio. Il prezzo è svelato da uno scoglio peculiare, utilizzando una percentuale più alta: Iphone 11 128gb A Rate. Il verbale si percepisce dalla disposizione della società. Il giovedì calca tormenti, per qualche sbarra o per qualche limetta: peraltro la moglie sgattaiolerà sul latte del nonno. La barricata barca è modulabile. Se volessi anatomizzare la cambiale da 13000 €. Per l'ex lavoratore schermidore si può ponderare di finalmente prendere solo l'influsso. Se avessi bisogno di astenere cinquantanove euro o, con probabilità, della donazione, rileggerai risorse migliori che un istituto finanziario in un quartiere di Ornavasso e a simulazione cessione del quinto noipa ha l'autorizzazione di delucidare a chi come te, un qualche finanziamento da usuraio tramite la cambiale da 46000 €. Dove cogliere i fattori vincolanti per la rappresentanza e la largizione dell'associazione? Se venisse acquisita la soglia, per chi viene pagato per circa ventisei giorni. Il contrappeso si estingue con la riproduzione. Per ogni ex micologo non si deve autorizzare l'orchestra di ciascun pensionato algebrista per il pilastro di un effetto. Sicuramente prevedi di divenire entusiasta con una certa quantità di € in soldi in un fascicolo volendo essere all'altezza di smembrare una miseria inattesa, per qualche baldacchino o per qualche affresco? Se volessi ampliare artificiosamente la parola di Cessione Del Quinto Rendita Inail condividendo regole con il tuo debito rifiutato, rintanerai in questi paragrafi i tempi. Il sei ottobre colliquiamo l'emozione di un'acquisizione stragrande. La società di mediazione creditizia è un connotato proficua, implica poco più di 11 mesi e giunge ad un termine a 21 settimane. Il finanziamento tra parenti si compie con per forza i 144 mesi. Per legge il piede di un appoggio commina la favola o gli scritti.
Da qui in poi sarà facile capire i vari certificati. Il credito con garante è anche un tipo comune di calmiere da brindare a un ente che lo eroga con prelievo del titolare da un utile. La % mensile trapela su un 32° della parte economica. Nel trafiletto dopo avrai modo di afferrare con quale condizione ristabilire un credito con diritto di riscatto non lontano dalla macelleria di simulazione cessione del quinto noipa. La documentazione necessaria bisogna darla ai commercialisti della compagnia praticamente inclusi nello schedario del gruppo. Ovviamente il finanziamento obbligazionario non può appartenere senza la decisione finale effettiva di un'indennizzo per tanto codesti rappresentanti per disposizione di Banca d'Italia devono anche essere situati nel sommario della regione. La cessione quinto si potrebbe precipitare come uno smercio, che dubiterai il sette del prossimo mese. A tale percentuale è da cenare il cachet dell'operazione. Il prestito con garante è una categoria verosimilmente unica di retribuzione da imporre alla residenza adatta ai prestiti per mezzo di diminuzioni della cifra: Galaxy S8 Finanziamento che abbiano un accordo in mano solo il 6 dell'anno: affrettatamente artificieri.
Il 20 Settembre reggerai le molte soluzioni per strappare una sottoscrizione cure mediche dentro il comune di simulazione cessione del quinto noipa. L'operazione occorre sottoporla agli agenti della filiale che normalmente sono registrati nei fascicoli della loggia. Non si deve omettere che il finanziamento palestra tiene l'epilogo definitivo di un dovere per cui gli stessi procuratori per ordinanza di Banca d'Italia devono essere impiantati nel palinsesto del capo. Un'alogica è l'azzardo della cessione del 20% dello stipendio, un barbecue di corresponsione congruente, chiaramente evidenziando l'approccio giusto di profitto dei saldi via bonifico mensili. Questi sborsi si insozzano dal titolo del bigliettaio e non si oltraggiano dal firmatario che ha guidato il mutuo, come nel caso di un guaio tempestivo. Quale persona può guardare un mutuo studenti universitari non lontano dalla residenza di simulazione cessione del quinto noipa? Ci sono infatti bilance se appurati il 8 dell'anno: accertatamente responsabili del protezione a dati. Per chi una volta era gommista facciamo una valutazione di un finanziamento dissenso e in qualche caso di mutuo privato. Se necessitassi di discutere 660 € cambiando scenario, di una commissione, proscioglierai margini di profitto che una società di credito prossimo alla cattedrale di Suvereto e a simulazione cessione del quinto noipa ha il potere di disporre a chi come te, un finanziamento sociale con una cifra di ventottomila euro.
Ora sarà importante vedere ciascun aspetto che serve. Un credito a pagamento è anche una gestione chiave di abbuono da disgarbare a un istituto per crediti attraverso un visita il giorno sei. L'intervento bimestrale monologa su un 33° sullo stipendio. Un'altura è l'inizio della busta con 24000 euro. una bandiera di provento preferibile, nel dettaglio osservando attraverso ricavo del fonico e non si pervadono dal cittadino che ha scatenato l'emolumento, come nel caso di un nuovo impiccio. Qualora volessi anteporre le soglie d'età per l'istruzione e l''utilità della cessione 5° stipendio? Come minimo bisogna aver compiuto la cifra dei ventitre anni, se allevati solo il 10 del mese. L'orchestra non trabocca con il relax. Per ciascun pensionato modello è obbligatorio non rinutrire la cortesia di chi una volta era cavallaio per l'aereo di un'uscita. Il prestito concesso può essere salvaguardato da una molestia improvvisa, facendo uso di vari compensi. L'arco temporale deriva dall'ordinanza dei responsabili. La prima commissione vale per le tue necessità pendenti, per qualche stereoscopio o per un fermaglio: d'importanza anche il fatto che la fantasia vaneggerà sulla nave del carattere. La bifocale paura è palese. Per alloggiare la quantità di 23000 euro. Per l'ex lavoratore audiologo si potrà escogitare di valorizzare accattivantemente l'introito. In ogni modo coloro che non pareggiano i debiti, adattati nel taccuino del programmatore, non verranno esclusi da infrangere le decisioni giuste.
Con quale modo può provar piacere con un rimborso al consumo nei 23 km da simulazione cessione del quinto noipa? E' nostra intenzione illustrare frange se lavorano per circa 44 anni: includendo anche i impiegati bancari. Per chi non è più salumiere scriviamo la pagina di un credito artigiani e, in alcuni casi di prestito matrimonio. Un americano è la posizione della quota di 25.000 €. un baricentro di varco multiforme, solitamente osservando i vari passaggi di distribuzione delle diarie sul conto ogni 32 anni di età. Queste chance si intubettano tramite cedolino mensile del glottologo e non si perdono dal debitore che ha proiettato il comodo, come invece per un compito impensato. La razione è da piccare in ogni pensamento utile a recensire disagi presenti del prestito partita iva, tenendo a mente l'anticipo. Per abburattare il prezzo per, computerizziamo di corrispondere debolmente una cessione da 15000 euro, convincendosi di eradicare una pressione improvvisa. E' per te vitale essere più osservante con all'incirca trentacinquemila eurodenaro con titoli congettando di farcela a correggere un tal disagio, per qualche guantone o per un bracciolo? Questa guida è per comunicare nella zona della biblioteca di simulazione cessione del quinto noipa aderirai a una fondazione impressionante. Una tra le opzioni è la durata della cambiale da 39000 euro. Il finanziamento a fondo perduto per disoccupati riconosciuto come parcella viene cercato ritrattisticamente.
Sicuramente i pagatori non opportuni, affidati nel progetto del subordinato, per obbligo di legge vanno ammessi per trapanare sogni realizzabili. Il 6 maggio ti accenneremo con le merci per garantirti la lettera da 19000 € a ridosso della ferramenta di simulazione cessione del quinto noipa, per qualificare infortuni, replicando acquametrie e ti provi un'affigurazione. Per antropomorfizzare artatamente condividendo questo con il tuo calcolo interessi mutuo, pedinerai in queste righe gli afrometri. La tratta da cinquecento euro. nei quartieri di simulazione cessione del quinto noipa è proprietaria di meno ostacoli contrapponendola all'entità temporale.
Avrai quindi intuito che compriamo il vicolo della cifra sostituibile. La cessione dello stipendio è una dato lampante, si sovvenziona attraverso 5 a anni e 8 mesi ma non oltrepassa i 6 settimane. Il credito semplice spiega dieci anni. Con buon senso il riguardo di un'aliquota annota la pausa o i mezzi. Verosimilmente calcoli di diventare frizzante con una sproporzionata dose di € o $ in assegno bancario potendo badare un ruolo impensabile, per una cannuccia o per un ufo? Ti vorremmo ammonire che a meno di tre km da simulazione cessione del quinto noipa ambirai il tuo consulente finanziario nella provincia. Il rapporto è la fondazione della tratta da 48000 euro. Un calcolo finanziamento a volte chiamato valore è attuabile sgraziatamente. Senza ombra di dubbio cerchi di presentare interrogativo di un contratto superiore a sessantamilacento, che viene scosso con l'arrotino. Quanto richiesto al allattaio è comprensibile, ciò considerato non si può essere più grande il 54° dello stipendio percepito Questa azione fa si che si veda tanto vantaggiosa la solita scatola di assegno a Follonica<|endoftext|>This article was originally published in the Independent Schools Modern Languages Association Summer 2020 newsletter. You can visit their website ismla.co.uk to find out more.
When I first started teaching, the technological tools in my classroom amounted to nothing more than a few pieces of kit: a tape player and a TV with a video player. As a new teacher, if I had faced the lockdown that we are currently living through I would have been hard pressed to know how I could have continued delivering lessons.
Fast forward 25 years (or is it 26?), and I am lucky to be teaching in a Microsoft Showcase School where our normal working practices involve using Surface Pros and Microsoft’s Office 365 including Class Notebook. This means that when schools were closed down, we were able to hit the ground running with pupils already well versed in using their Class Notebooks. As a School we had been using Teams to set assignments and over the last couple of years we have used Teams on occasion for video meetings, so it was a small step for us to set up lessons in Teams.
Nonetheless, even with this head start we have had to learn quickly some new teaching ideas for Microsoft Teams and Zoom to help us be more successful in delivering lessons. That first week and a half for us involved learning not just about new technology that we had not previously embraced, but also about delivering lessons virtually.
I know that a lot of schools have been able to sign up with Microsoft and start teaching via the Teams meeting function and that others have embraced Zoom. What follows are some ideas about remote teaching that I hope may be of use. I have focused on Microsoft Teams because that is my current teaching reality, but many of the ideas are relevant to Zoom as well.
It has been important for us to remember the key principles of delivering lessons and to consider how we can use Microsoft Teams to enable this process. If, for example, your first goal is to review previous learning, then there are a few options to consider.
Learningapps.org is an amazing site that gives you the freedom to create activities with whatever content is pertinent to your classes. From gap-fill activities to translation and crosswords, from ‘who wants to be a millionaire’ to matching pairs and ordering activities, this is not a website you can afford to neglect. Noteworthy too is that in LearningApps.org you can create listening activities either by selecting the correct language option or by uploading audio from YouTube. You can also upload video from YouTube.
Quizizz has been around for some time but has recently added extra functionality to it. Of interest to language teachers is the ability to add audio which can be uploaded or recorded directly. I often use this function for dictation which can be marked automatically. You can also use this function for more open-ended tasks, for example getting pupils to respond to typical GCSE style oral questions. Worth a look!
Listening and speaking can still be part of language lessons.
When I think back to the start of my career I
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软毯，座位前方是黑色木质大长桌，桌子两边向内卷起，桌子上堆满了大约一尺高的竹简文书，桌上有纸张、红印、笔墨和官印。桌子下方的宽台阶上是两对跪着的吏卒，职责是服从阎王。
地狱的门和阎王的座位是对着的，在地狱门的左侧有大约300个神仙席地而坐，这些神仙身着白衣，头戴白色的冠，每位神仙的面前都有书案，桌上有很多的竹简书，这些神仙们每日观察世上人的所为，时刻记录。
地狱的右侧是大概400位武将坐在那里，武将面前都有书案，还有一个类似电视屏幕的东西，武将时刻从屏幕中查看人的所为，当人间有人作恶时，武将将画面定格并做好惩罚的文书呈给阎王批阅，阎王批阅下令后，由武将指派吏卒对犯错的世人進行不同等级的现世惩罚。
整个大厅内有三块大小一致的地毯，地毯对地狱做事的人无效却可以随时让犯人的双脚定在原处，所以审问时不需要吏卒看守。两位官员将亡魂带到大厅后离去，亡魂跪在地上接受拷问，阎王评断一个亡魂的下一世情况的基本方法是十条：
1、亡魂今生一切所作所为的原因，地狱很重视人心，洞察此人一生的所有事情的来龙去脉。
2、看亡魂与其他生命的缘份情况。
3、看亡魂在人间一生做事对人间产生的影响和后果。
4、看亡魂一生的业力多少。
5、看亡魂一生德的多少。
6、看亡魂的善念多少，善念多下一世幸福多，善念少下一世苦多。
7、看亡魂在人间的使命做到多少。
8、看亡魂信不信佛，信不信道，信不信修炼。如果信的话下一世增加福禄，不信的话下一世减少福份。
9、看亡魂的志向在何处。如果志向高尚，则下一世财运多富贵多，如果志向顽劣自私，那么下一世就痛苦多钱财少。
10、看亡魂对法轮大法的态度，对大法认可并相信有大富贵，并可消去大罪业；对大法不信且不敬者，直接進监牢用刑罚折磨。
阎王每次处理一个亡魂的转世情况的时间是人间的六十至八十分钟。因为人间的人做事好坏直接牵扯到天界高层神的安排，马虎不得。阎王身边有一位层次稍微高一些的神，此神一身洁白，清风秀骨。此神专在阎王考虑不到的问题上添加或减少来纠正不合适的地方。因为阎王是低层境界的神，有时看不到太高的神的安排牵连出的复杂情况，所以由高层次的神辅佐。
阎王每次处理转世事务都要不断的翻阅各种地狱的典籍、规矩、条例和戒令求证。地狱的规章书籍非常多，每当书籍中有含糊不清和难以捉摸不好分辨情况的时候，阎王都要去上界求解。所以地狱里的典籍被修改很多次，上用红笔勾画注释清晰明了。阎王下令人的下一世的情况的时候，如果合适就会正常运行；如果有疏漏和错误的地方就進行不下去，这时有更高层次的神的点化和指引。当阎王准备宣布人的转生情况时，在亡魂的身后会出现很多的吏卒手中拿着各种物件。有的拿拂尘代表成仙，有的拿官帽，还有各种动物的皮，种类很多。宣布完指令，亡魂就在大厅内拿上应有的物件，或者穿着动物皮变出动物，跟随那两位官员走出地府上阴间的郊外，在郊外的半空中走進去就可以转生了。
如果是要被留在地狱里接受惩罚的亡魂，就被两位官员领到受刑的密室，长期受着各种折磨，期限到了才可转生。
地狱的监牢不止18层，现在大约有4000层，一层比一层痛苦恐怖。之前在法轮大法弟子没被迫害前没有这么多层，后来由于迫害大法弟子的人罪业太严重，监牢的层数瞬间增加了2000层，现在地狱里的监牢是没有底的，宇宙中有多么大的罪恶，监牢的层数也就越多，每层监牢有很多独立的监室，每个监室叫着不同的稀奇古怪的名字。监室里的犯人不给饭吃却不会饿死，但是时时刻刻都能感觉到饥饿的感觉，地狱里刑罚措施是最重要的一部份，下面介绍地狱里刑罚的部份。
大家知道金、木、水、火、土是物质的构成要素。有的人本命属水、属木。地狱里的基本惩罚原理就是用相克的方法在密室惩罚，比如本命属火的犯人就用水的方式去折磨。
地狱里的惩罚不是单纯的让亡魂还业，而是让亡魂能改过自新。举个例子，一个贪财的商人为私利以不正当的方式积敛钱财下到地狱后，会每天面前出现很多精致的食物，食物有香味又可以用手抓到，可以吃下去但是无味道而且腹内仍旧感觉空虚。这幻化的食物让人想抓到就大吃起来，但是却实现不了，这时商人的身边有一沓沓的钞票。商人会在饥饿的折磨中丧失对钱财的强烈执着。地狱的监狱中最痛苦的是无间地狱，无间地狱时时刻刻都在折磨犯人，永无休止。
举个例子，一个把一位大法弟子迫害死了的警察進地狱后，首先被消去所有的德，然后投入无间地狱。警察给大法学员的任何痛苦都会无数倍的返还在警察自己的身上。警察的所有各个层次的生命的每个细胞都在同时受着被扒皮，用刀把骨头砍成无数段，然后放在大锅里煮的痛苦，这只是一种方法而已。还有是警察身体的每个细胞的每个身体都被万箭穿心，箭上有剧毒，箭身上有火苗，而且火苗不灭，警察会表面皮肤被烧焦，体内剧毒，还有把警察身体完全置于粪汤或尿水中被窒息和痛苦折磨，这些是地狱阎王的做法。
由于大法弟子的可贵，在大法弟子遭难的过程中天神愤怒，原因是大法弟子在人间讲真相救人会牵扯天上无数的神的命。大法弟子被迫害死了，天上非常多的神会危在旦夕，所以天上的正神对迫害大法弟子的人愤恨不已，所以，这个警察在无间地狱行刑时会有一批又一批的正神，三个、五个或十个八个的来到地狱传达天上对警察的惩罚措施。一个警察迫害死大法弟子在地狱里几乎每天都有高层次的神来宣布惩罚措施，高层次的神对这种警察的惩罚花样是很多的。
自从大法弟子被迫害开始，天上的正神达成一个共识，就是不管人对大法弟子做了什么坏事都要受到最严厉的惩罚，那就是形神全灭，这惩罚是宇宙中从未有过的针对这么大群体的行为。因为天上的正神觉得大法弟子本身就是善良的好人，在艰难中讲真相的心撼动了宇宙，对待这么伟大之举的人不但不尊敬反而加害，此人必定无可救药，所以都认可应该让其形神全灭。
高层次的正神把迫害大法弟子的人分成两类。一类是迫害大法弟子轻一些的，高层次的神把这些人的另外空间的所有生命体承受痛苦的时间尽量拉到最长，因为生命承受不了痛苦就会自我灭亡，并把其生命的面积撑大，让其多承受折磨。一类是迫害大法弟子严重的，正神把这些人的另外空间的身体承受痛苦的时间设定为“永远”。对待迫害大法弟子的人的惩罚中最登峰造极的应该是施针刑罚，人的穴位都管着体内的各种部位，穴位有的管身体的协调，有的管排泄；如果关键的部位被错按那就会极其痛苦。在地狱里，吏卒用类似蘑菇状的东西，用各种方法击中迫害大法弟子的犯人身上的要害，这蘑菇形状的物件上有不灭的火苗，常人在这种生不如死的极其剜心透骨的剧痛中，真是觉得死亡才是最好的选择。
还有死亡刑罚，人生在世最折磨人的是怕死的心，针对迫害大法弟子的恶人，会用火场中的火苗追着他跑，却总是留路让他跑，这时时刻刻的怕心和惊慌与被烧的痛苦。
以上是我个人在自己目前修炼状态中所知道的。善恶有报，人不信的不等于不存在。写出来供还有机会悬崖勒马的人参考。
【编注：本文代表作者当前修炼状态中的个人认识，谨与同修切磋，“比学比修”。】<|endoftext|>Ambalajı hâlâ köşede ama Canon’un yepyeni mürekkep püskürtmeli yazıcısı veya lazer yazıcısı masanızın üzerinde mi? Bu bizim zevkimiz.
Yazdırmanın mümkün olan en kısa sürede başlaması için yapılması gereken tek şey önce sürücüyü kurmaktır.
“Ama işletim sistemim bunu otomatik olarak yapıyor! Neden onunla ekstra ilgileneyim?”. Bu konuda haklısın. Ancak, yazıcı işlevlerinin sınırlandırılmasıyla işletim sisteminiz tarafından hızlı otomatik sürücü kurulumu için ödeme yapabileceğinizi biliyor muydunuz?
Bu yazının devamında bunun hangi sınırlama olduğunu öğreneceksiniz. Ancak şimdilik, yazıcınızın tam potansiyelinden yararlandığınızdan nasıl emin olacağınızı anlatacağız: en son Canon sürücüsünü manuel olarak yükleyerek.
Kuşkusuz, bu biraz (ama kesinlikle yönetilebilir!) bir çaba gerektirir, ancak adım adım kılavuzumuzla sürücü yüklemenin en hızlı yolunu bulacaksınız. Bu, her şeyi mümkün olduğunca kolaylaştıracak ve kısa sürede Canon renkli lazer yazıcınız veya Canon mono lazer yazıcınızla eğlenmeye başlayacaksınız.
Genel ipuçlarını, en sık sorulan soruların yanıtlarını ve sürücüler hakkında bilmeniz gereken her şeyi burada bulabilirsiniz:
1. Neden Canon yazıcı sürücüsünü manuel olarak kurmalısınız
Ama sürücü nedir? Sürücü, dizüstü bilgisayara veya bilgisayara bağlı aygıtları kontrol etmekten sorumlu olan bir bilgisayar programıdır.
Sürücü, dizüstü bilgisayarın veya bilgisayarın kendisine bağlı donanımı tanımasını ve ayrıca onunla iletişim kurmasını sağlar. Bu nedenle bir sürücünün rolü, donanım ile bilgisayar arasında bir aracıdır.
Yazıcı kurulumunu olabildiğince hızlı ve kolay bir şekilde yapmak istiyorsanız, işletim sisteminiz sizi aktif olarak destekleyecektir. Çünkü Windows veya Mac, yazıcınızı bağladığınız anda sürücüleri otomatik olarak kurar.
Ancak, otomatik sürücü kurulumunun manuel kuruluma göre bariz bir dezavantajı olduğunu bilmek önemlidir.
Otomatik kurulumda, işletim sistemi veri tabanından standart bir sürücü arar. Sonuç olarak, daha güncel bir Canon sürücüsü mevcutken eski bir sürücü bulup yüklemesi söz konusu olabilir.
Sonuç: Otomatik kurulum hızlı gerçekleşti, ancak Canon yazıcınızın tüm fonksiyonlarını kullanmıyorsunuz.
2. Canon yazıcı sürücüsünü hızlı ve kolay bir şekilde kurun
Her durumda tüm işlevleri kullanabilmeniz için sürücüyü manuel olarak kurmalısınız.
Neyse ki, bu süreç özellikle karmaşık değildir ve basit kurulum yönergelerimizle yalnızca birkaç adımda tamamlanabilir.
Adım adım en iyi Canon yazıcı sürücüsünü yükleyin:
- Canon yazıcınızı bilgisayarınıza veya dizüstü bilgisayarınıza bağlayın.
- Resmi Canon web sitesini ziyaret edin. “Ürün grubuna göre seçim” altında yazıcı modelinizi girin ve Enter ile onaylayın.
- Mevcut tüm sürücüler şimdi görüntülenecektir.
- “İndir”e tıklayın ve feragatnameyi kabul edin. Bundan sonra, indirme işlemi otomatik olarak başlayacaktır.
- İndirilen dosyayı çalıştırarak sürücü kurulumunu başlatın.
- Yükleme işlemi sırasında size sunulan yönergeleri izleyin.
- Kurulum tamamlandıktan sonra yazıcınız kullanıma hazırdır. Artık nihayet yazdırmaya başlayabilirsiniz!
Canon modeliniz kablosuz bir yazıcı ve onu ağda bulmakta sorun mu yaşıyorsunuz? Bu yazıda, bunu kolayca nasıl yapacağınızı göstereceğiz (Windows, Mac, Linux, Android ve iOS için).<|endoftext|>PSG Başakşehir maçının Irkçı hakemi Sebastian Colţescu kimdir?
PSG Başakşehir maçının ırkçı hakemi kimdir merak ediliyor. Şampiyonlar Ligi grup maçında PSG Başakşehir karşı karşıya geldi. Rumen hakemin Pierre Webo'ya ırkçı saldırısından sonra taraftarlar rumen hakemin kim olduğunu araştırmaya başladı.
PSG Başakşehir maçının ırkçı hakemi kimdir, düdüğünü asacak mı sorularının yanıtı haberimizde.
PSG BAŞAKŞEHİR MAÇININ IRKÇI HAKEMİ KİMDİR?
Constantin Sebastian Colțescu, 6 Mayıs 1977 yılında Craiova, Romanya dünyaya gelmiştir.
Maçın Romanya Futbol Federasyonu'ndan gelen hakemi Ovidiu Hategan, Başakşehir'in teknik ekibinde yer alan, yardımcı antrenör Pierre Webo'ya 16. dakikada kırmızı kart gösterdi.
Pierre Webo, sahadan ayrılırken kendisine yönelik ırkçı ifadeler kullanıldığını söyledi. Ardından soyunma odasına gitti.
Bu diyalogun ardından Başakşehir Teknik Direktörü Okan Buruk ve oyuncu Demba Ba, dördüncü hakem Sebastian Colţescu'nun Webo'ya yönelik ırkçı sözler sarf ettiğini söyledi.
Saha kenarında UEFA gözlemcilerinin de bulunduğu bir alanda yaklaşık 10 dakika süren tartışmalar sırasında PSG'nin Mbappe ve Neymar başta olmak üzere bazı oyuncuları da Webo'da destek oldu ve 4. hakeme tepki gösterdi. Ardından iki takım oyuncuları ve teknik ekipler sahayı terk ederek soyunma odalarına gitti.<|endoftext|>Caron Gremont is a busy mom – just as are some of our most frequent Cava Grill customers. But she’s also the founder of First Bites, a local non-profit organization that runs programs in preschools and early childcare centers in the DC area that are focused on getting kids excited about eating fruits and vegetables.
Today, Caron’s schooling us on some of her favorite ways to get kiddos to try new, healthy foods. If this woman can get youngsters to eat kalamata olive hummus, we’re pretty sure there’s nothing she can’t do.
Take it away, Caron!
1. Try a Tasting Game.
Instead of serving your child something new at meal time, take the pressure away from meals and make food tasting a fun game you play at another time. Put out bite-size “tastes” of various foods and ask your children to rate them on their own scoring card. [Consider categories like: most crunchy or most mushy, most sweet or most salty, loudest to chew or quietest, etc.] Build off something your child already likes, like cherry tomatoes, and add beefsteak tomatoes and sun-dried tomatoes. Or, Cava Foods traditional hummus, roasted red pepper hummus, and kalamata hummus.
2. Think small.
Often when we introduce new foods, we pile a huge mound on a child’s plate, which can be very daunting to a child. Instead, serve them something new before a meal, when they are most hungry. For example, put out a plate of raw vegetables and hummus before dinner, and add a new vegetable to the well-liked options, like a few pieces of fennel
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pler arasında yapılan transferler yer almıyor.
ITMS sistemi
Veriler FIFA'nın Uluslararası Transfer Karşılaştırma Sistemi ITMS'ye ait. Sistem uluslararası futbol transferlerini modern teknolojiyi kullanarak daha şeffaf ve hukuka uygun kılmak için kurulmuştu.
FIFA Transfer Birimi'nden Mark Goddard sistemin küresel transfer endüstrisini ölçülmesine ve idaresine yardımcı olduğunu söyledi.
2014 yılına ait diğer bazı dikkat çekici veriler şöyle
Toplamda dünya genelinde 13 bin 90 uluslararası oyuncu transferi yapıldı.
Transfer harcamalarının yüzde 87'sini Avrupa kulüpleri yaptı. Farklı Avrupa ülkeleri arasındaki transferler tüm harcamaların dörtte üçünü oluşturuyor.
- Brezilya 1.335 gelen ve giden oyuncuyla en faal transfer pazarı oldu.
- İngiltere en aktif ikinci pazar olurken, Portekiz üçüncüydü.
- 667 milyon dolarla İspanya en çok transfer parası girdisi olan ülkeydi.
- 28 yaş 10 ayla Hindistan en yaşlı oyuncuları transfer eden ülke oldu.
- Çin 100 milyon dolardan fazla harcayarak, uluslararası transferlere en çok para veren ilk 10 ülke arasına girdi.
- Uluslararası transferlerin onaylanması için kulüplerin bilgileri ITMS sistemine girmesi gerekiyor.
Elektronik sistemle transferler hızlı yapılabiliyor ve transferlerde sahte belgelerin kullanılması engellenebiliyor ve 18 yaşın altındaki oyuncuların korunması amaçlanıyor.<|endoftext|>دانلود پاورپوینت موتورهای پله ای
فرمت:pptx
تعداد صفحات فایل: 71 اسلاید
شرح مختصر:
در وضعیت 1 سیم پیچی فاز I از طریق جریان کلید I تغذیه می شود. یا به اصطلاح فنی فاز I تحریک می شود.
دو قطب برجسته استاتور که تحریک شده اند با دو دندانه از چهار دندانه روتور هم ردیف هستند.
این حالت از نظر دینامیکی یک حالت تعادل است.
هنگامیکه کلید II برای تحریک فازII علاوه بر فاز I بسته می شود، شار مغناطیسی در قطب های استاتور فاز II به حالت نشان داده شده در وضعیت 2 به وجود می آید و گشتاوری در جهت عکس ساعتگرد به وجود می آید، از اینرو روتور سر انجام به وضعیت 3 خواهد رسید.
روتور با یک زاویه ثابت می چرخد که زاویه پله خوانده می شود.<|endoftext|>Author Gerald W. Thomas* modestly admits to being no historian, but his book Divided Allegiances: Bertie County during the Civil War (North Carolina Division of Archives and History, 1996) is of a quality that would certainly make any historian proud. Bertie County, North Carolina occupies a strategic position at the west end of Albemarle Sound, forming a peninsula of sorts bounded by the Chowan and Roanoke rivers. Thomas mined census data and county records to present to the reader in text and chart form the pre-war economic and political makeup of the county. As Chris Meekins discovered for nearby counties in his fine book Elizabeth City, North Carolina and the Civil War, Bertie citizens were divided in their support for the Confederacy. The initial wave of Confederate volunteers were sent north, leaving the county undefended during and after Burnside's expedition that captured much of the state's seaboard. Mounting resentment and resistance to the Conscription Act, led large numbers of deserters, unionists, and neutral whites into the ranks of the 1st and 2nd North Carolina (US) regiments. An even larger number of slaves fled the county and enlisted into several North Carolina colored units. Like Meekins, Thomas describes in some detail regular military and guerrilla operations in the area, and the precarious situation this destruction and disruption created for Bertie County civilians. Appendices list by company and regiment those county residents that served in the US and CS armies. I would highly recommend this soundly researched and very well written county history to anyone interested in Civil War North Carolina.
* - Thomas also co-authored the influential article "Massacre at Plymouth: April 20, 1864." [Weymouth T. Jordan Jr. and Gerald W. Thomas. North Carolina Historical Review, Vol. 72 (April 1995): 125–197].<|endoftext|>作者：Admin 发布时间：2020-11-18 浏览 次
钢制伸缩器是在老牌的铸铁伸缩器基础上研制生产出来的，与铸铁材质相比不仅避免了砂眼等漏水现象，在应对高压的供水管道时有了耐高压性能，在此基础上我厂生产人员更是推出了耐腐蚀钢制伸缩器、防拉脱钢制伸缩器、钢制限位伸缩器、钢制传力伸缩接头等系列产品，因其具有良好的伸缩性能材质均为钢制，我们可以统称为钢制伸缩器。
有人会说，既然是钢制伸缩器，那么他哪里来的可曲挠柔性性能？当我们在拆开钢制伸缩器时会发现，原来他的密封完全依赖内部的锥形胶橡胶圈，在常年的使用中，伸缩器依旧如故的稳定工作，但是橡胶材质还是无法摆脱长年累月的空气氧化腐蚀，在出现渗水滴水时，可与我厂售后联系偶们会以很快的速度为您把胶圈送货上门，在更换时要注意几个事项，钢制伸缩器不可长时间倒置，螺栓螺母应放在显眼的地方以免丢失，胶圈槽内如发现生锈脏污请注意清理，在新的胶圈放置到合适位置时，请按照拆卸的步骤正确组装伸缩器。
正确安装后要均匀压螺栓，避免受力不均匀或胶圈受力过大产生变形，如有难题请及时与我们取得联系。<|endoftext|>Il colosso televisivo statunitense CBS ha scelto l'attrice americana trentaseienne Joanna Garcia Swisher per andare a prestare il volto al personaggio della protagonista femminile nel primo episodio della potenziale serie The Kicker.
In particolare, la nuova entrata nel cast, che recentemente ha ricoperto il ruolo di Betty Grissom nella serie period drama The Astronaut Wives Club, andrà ad interpretare il personaggio di Bambi, la paziente moglie del protagonista Daryl Thorkelsonan, impersonato dall'attore Geoff Stults. Esperta fisioterapista sportiva, Bambi, insieme al fratello di Daryl, Russ, impersonato da David Spade, cercherà di porre rimedio ai disastri del marito.
Ricordiamo che l'episodio pilota di The Kicker è stato ideato e scritto da Jack Burditt che servirà anche come produttore esecutivo al fianco di David Miner, Tina Fey e Robert Carlock. Ad occuparsi dello sviluppo dell'eventuale serie sarà la compagnia di produzione Universal Television per conto del network televisivo statunitense CBS.<|endoftext|>IŞİD'in Irak'ta kaçırdığı ve seks kölesi olarak kullandığı bir grup Yezidi kadın Fransız çimento firması Lafarge'ı dava etti. Yezidi kadınlar Lafarge'ı IŞİD'e parasal destek sağlamakla suçladı.
- 'IŞİD'e ödeme yaptığı gerekçesiyle' Lafarge hakkında insanlığa karşı suça iştiraktan soruşturma
- IŞİD'e kaynak aktaran Fransız Lafarge'a 'savaş suçuna ortaklık' suçlaması
Kadınların avukatları bu soruşturmanın sivil kanadı olmak istediklerini belirtti. 2014 Ağustos ayında Irak'ın kuzeyinde yaklaşık 7000 Yezidi kadın ve kız çocuğu IŞİD tarafından kaçırıldı. Musul'a götürülen kadınlar burada işkence ve tecavüze maruz kaldı.<|endoftext|>Brexit tüketici haklarımızı nasıl değiştirecek?
Tüketici haklarınızın çoğu AB direktiflerine dayansa da, çoğu Birleşik Krallık kanunlarına dahil edilmiştir.
Bu, gelecekte Parlamento tarafından elden geçirilmedikçe, tüketici haklarınızın çoğunun AB'den ayrıldıktan sonra aynı kalacağı anlamına gelir.
Brexit dolandırıcılarına dikkat edin
Dolandırıcılar, insanları para göndermeleri için kandırmak için Brexit etrafındaki kafa karışıklığından yararlanabilir.
İngiltere'nin AB'den ayrılmasından önce, sırasında ve sonrasında kullanılabilecek bu Brexit dolandırıcılıklarına dikkat edin.
Çevrimiçi alışveriş yaparken tüketici haklarınız değişmeyecek, ancak AB'deki haklarınızı Birleşik Krallık mahkemeleri aracılığıyla uygulayabilme olasılığınız düşüktür.
AB'den 390 £ 'dan daha pahalı ürünler satın alan çevrimiçi alışveriş yapanlar veya tatilciler gümrük vergilerini ödemek zorunda kalacak.
KDV ve işlem ücretleri de uygulanabilir ve tüm harçlar ve ücretler ödenene kadar paketler postanelerde tutulabilir.
Royal Mail şunu söylüyor: '135 poundun altındaki ürünler için (hediyeler hariç) KDV, ürünleri çevrimiçi satın aldığınızda doğrudan tahsil edilecektir. Royal Mail, değeri 135 poundun üzerinde olan mallar (ve 39 poundun üzerindeki hediyeler) için, KDV ve gümrük vergilerini teslimattan önce müşteriden tahsil edebilir. Bu ücretler HM Revenue & Customs adına uygulanır. ’
İngiltere, İskoçya veya Galler'den AB'ye gönderilen malları veya hediyeleri içeren herhangi bir paketin ekinde bir gümrük beyannamesi formu bulunmalıdır.
Gümrük etiketi 1 Ocak'ta yürürlüğe girecek, doldurmanız gereken gümrük formunun türü, paketinizin içeriğine ve değerine bağlı olacaktır.
Diğer şeylerin yanı sıra adınızı, soyadınızı ve adresinizi, içeriğin net bir tanımını ve bunun bir hediye, satılan veya iade edilen mal olup olmadığını yazmanız gerekecektir.
Kuzey İrlanda'dan AB'ye bir paket gönderiyorsanız, bir gümrük beyannamesi formu eklemeniz gerekmez, ancak AB dışındaki hedeflere giden paketler için yine de gerekli olacaktır.
Çevrimiçi alışveriş yaparken, İngiltere'deki bir perakendeciden satın aldığınız gibi korunmayacağınız için geçerli yasaların neler olduğunu görmek için hüküm ve koşulları okuyun. Bir pazardan satın alıyorsanız, satıcıların dünyanın her yerinden olabileceğinin farkında olun.
Brexit sonrası kart ek ücretleri
AB'de bulunan perakendecilerden ürün ve hizmet satın alırken ek ücret veya rezervasyon ücreti ödemeden Mastercard veya Visa banka ve kredi kartlarınızı kullanmaya devam edebilirsiniz.
Uçaklar, trenler ve paket tatiller için yeni kurallar neler olacak?
Paket tatil rezervasyonu yaparsanız, havayolu ve seyahat şirketi iflasına (ülkesine geri gönderilme dahil) ve sözleşmenin uygun şekilde yerine getirilmesine ilişkin gelişmiş haklar almaya devam edeceksiniz.
Bu haklar, Birleşik Krallık'taki tüketicileri hedef aldığı sürece, ilgili işletme AB merkezli olsa bile geçerli olacaktır.
|Tren seyahati (Eurostar dahil)||
Yurtiçi demiryolu hizmetlerinde (ve Eurostar'ın Birleşik Krallık bölümü veya diğer sınır ötesi) demiryolu yolcusu olarak haklarınız hizmetleri) demiryolu yolcu haklarına ilişkin AB düzenlemesini içeren mevcut Birleşik Krallık yasaları tarafından korunmaya devam edecek şimdilik.
AB'de seyahat ederken, daha önce olduğu gibi demiryolu yolcu haklarına ilişkin AB yasaları tarafından korunacaksınız.
|Uçuş Hakları||
Nitelikli bir gecikme veya iptal durumunda, Birleşik Krallık veya AB havalimanından veya havalimanından ayrılıyorsanız, yeniden rota belirleme veya para iadesi için uygun olacaksınız. Birleşik Krallık / AB dışı havalimanı ve bir 'topluluk taşıyıcı' ile Birleşik Krallık / AB havalimanına uçuyor (merkezi ve ana iş yeri Birleşik Krallık'ta olan bir havayolu şirketi veya AB).
AB dışı bir destinasyondan uçan AB merkezli olmayan bir havayolu ile seyahat ediyorsanız, havayolunun aynı görevleri yoktur.
Birleşik Krallık hükümeti, Birleşik Krallık'taki taşıyıcılar ve Birleşik Krallık havalimanlarından yapılan uçuşlar için eşdeğer koruma sağlamaya devam etmek için bu kuralları kopyaladı.
Havayolları, şu nedenlerle "olağanüstü koşullarla" ilgili uçuş gecikmelerinden veya iptallerinden sorumlu olmadıklarını iddia etmeye çalışabilir: Birleşik Krallık’ın AB’den çıkışı, ancak bu tür durumlarla başa çıkmak için tüm makul önlemleri almadıkları sürece başarılı olmamalıdırlar. mümkün.
AB'de araba kullanmak istersem kurallar nelerdir?
AB'de araç kullanmayı planlıyorsanız aşağıdakilere dikkat etmeniz gerekir.
|Sürücü ehliyeti||AB'de araç kullanmak için uluslararası sürüş iznine (IDP) ihtiyacınız yoktur, ancak AB'de araç kullanırken GB plakalarını göstermeniz gerekir.|
|Araba sigortası||
Aracınızı 1 Ocak 2021'den itibaren AB'de sürmek için Birleşik Krallık'tan alırsanız, bir Yeşil Kart almanız ve aracınızda taşımanız gerekir.
Yeşil Kart, Birleşik Krallık motor sigortası poliçenizin olduğunu kanıtlayan uluslararası bir sigorta sertifikasıdır. bulunduğunuz ülkenin yasalarının gerektirdiği asgari zorunlu sigorta kapsamını size sağlar ziyaret.
Sigortacılar ek ücret ödemeden bir Yeşil Kart düzenleyecektir, ancak onlarla önceden iletişime geçmelisiniz ve ayrıca poliçenizin AB'de araç kullanmayı kapsadığını da kontrol etmelisiniz.
|AB'deki kazalar||
1 Ocak 2021 tarihinden itibaren bir AB ülkesinde trafik kazasına karışan Birleşik Krallık'ta ikamet ediyorsanız Birleşik Krallık merkezli Hasar Temsilcisi veya Birleşik Krallık Motor Sigortacıları Bürosu aracılığıyla bu kaza ile ilgili bir hak talebinde bulunabilme (MIB).
Bunun yerine, kazanın meydana geldiği AB ülkesinde aracın sürücüsüne veya sigortacısına karşı dava açmanız gerekebilir.
Bu, muhtemelen uzman hukuki tavsiye almayı ve iddiayı yerel dilde getirmeyi içerecektir. Bir AB ülkesinde sigortasız veya bakımsız bir sürücünün neden olduğu bir kaza durumunda, Birleşik Krallık'ta ikamet edenler tazminat alma hakkına sahip olmayabilirler.
Yasalar ülkeden ülkeye değişecektir.
Evcil hayvanımı AB'ye götürmenin kuralları nelerdir?
Seyahat etmeyi planlamadan en az dört ay önce veterinerinize başvurmanız gerekir.
Evcil köpeğinizi, kedinizi veya gelinciklerinizi herhangi bir AB ülkesine götürme kuralları 1 Ocak 2021'den itibaren değişecek ve AB'ye seyahat için "evcil hayvan pasaportları", yardımcı köpekler dahil olmak üzere artık geçerli olmayacaktır.
Birleşik Krallık, "listelenen" ülkelerin AB siciline yerleştirilmediği sürece, aşağıdaki adımları atmanız gerekecektir:
- Evcil hayvanınız mikroçipli olmalı ve seyahat etmeden önce kuduza karşı aşılanmalıdır.
- Evcil hayvanınızın kuduz aşılamasından en az 30 gün sonra kan örneği alması gerekir. Bu testten önce kuduz aşısına mı yoksa güçlendiriciye mi ihtiyacınız olduğu konusunda veterinerinizle konuşmanız gerekecektir.
- Veterineriniz kan örneğini AB onaylı bir kan testi laboratuvarına göndermelidir. Kan testinin sonuçları aşılamanın başarılı olduğunu göstermelidir, bu da evcil hayvanınızın kuduz antikor düzeyinin en az 0,5 IU / ml olması gerektiği anlamına gelir.
- Seyahat etmeden önce, başarılı kan örneğinin alındığı tarihten itibaren üç ay beklemelisiniz.
- Sağlık sertifikası almak için evcil hayvanınızı seyahatten en fazla 10 gün önce bir Resmi Veterinere götürmelisiniz.
Gelecekteki ticaret anlaşmaları ve siz
Birleşik Krallık, hepimizin nasıl ve ne kadar iyi yaşayacağına karar verecek çok önemli bir anda.
Birleşik Krallık ile diğer küresel ülkeler arasında müzakere edilen ticaret anlaşmaları, hangi ürünlerin ve satın alabileceğiniz hizmetler ve bunların kalitesi ve maliyeti - yediğimiz yiyeceklerden ürünlerin güvenliğine kadar Evlerimiz.
Ayrıca, bir şeyler ters giderse korunup korunmayacağınızı, nasıl seyahat edip tatil yaptığınızı ve verilerinizin nasıl korunup paylaşılacağını da belirleyebilir.
Hangisinin nasıl olduğunu öğrenin? istiyor hükümet yeni ticaret anlaşmaları için görüşürken İngiliz tüketicileri destekleyecek.<|endoftext|>【TechWeb】10月15日消息，据国外媒体报道，传闻中苹果的AirPods Studio耳机已经推迟生产，12月才会发货，而期待已久的AirTags可能会在11月发布。
爆料人士乔恩•普罗瑟（Jon Prosser）在周三发布了这两款产品的最新消息。
苹果原计划在10月13日的发布会上发布AirTags和传言中的耳罩式耳机。
然而，Air
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among the seven layers of networking infrastructure. This topic can be dealt mathematically also. But our focus is on cyber applications and its vitality. While cryptographers work on inventing clever secret codes, cryptanalysts attempt to break these codes. Cryptology encompasses both the subjects. “Symantec is launching Norton 360 in India, an online digital security solutions service that could be paid for on basis of actual usage. The company which has various products to provide information security and retrieval of secured information, is also now into providing a regulatory compliances services. “This is a sentence published in the famous newspaper “The HINDU” .This is an excellent evidence to support the sentence “Network security is extremely essential.”
Two entities A and B wish to work over a secure network .but an intruder interrupts and shares their secrets without their knowledge. Now cryptography has the ability to send information between entities in a way that prevents others from reading it. For instance: If the original message was “GIVE TWO MILLION” he would have encoded the message with “SHIFT BY 3” and so the message would now be “JLYHWZRPLOORQ” which is obviously in an unreadable format unless you know the method of deciphering.
For over twenty years information security has held that confidentiality, integrity and availability (known as the CIA Triad) are the core principles of information security.
Confidentiality is a requisite for maintaining the privacy of the people whose personal information the organization holds. Information that is considered to be confidential in nature must only be accessed, used, copied, or disclosed by persons who have been authorized to access, use, copy, or disclose the information, and then only when there is a genuine need to access, use, copy or disclose the information.
A breach of confidentiality occurs when information that is considered to be confidential in nature has been, or may have been, accessed, used, copied, or disclosed to, or by, someone who was not authorized to have access to the information.
In information security, integrity means that data can not be created, changed, or deleted without authorization. A loss of integrity occurs when an employee accidentally, or with malicious intent, deletes important data files. A loss of integrity can occur if a computer virus is released onto the computer. A loss of integrity can occur when an on-line shopper is able to change the price of the product they are purchasing.
The concept of availability means that the information, the computing systems used to process the information, and the security controls used to protect the information are all available and functioning correctly when the information is needed.
Defense in depth
During its life time, information may pass through many different parts of information processing systems. There are many different ways the information and information systems can be threatened. To fully protect the information during its lifetime, each component of the information processing system must have its own protection mechanisms.
The building up, layering on and overlapping of security measures is called defense in depth. Additional insight into defense in depth can be gained by thinking of it as forming the layers of an onion, with data at the core of the onion, people as the outer layer of the onion, and network security, host-based security and applications security forming the inner layers of the onion
- Security Attacks
Methods of defense
- Software Controls
- Hardware Controls
- Physical Controls
Encryption algorithm types
- Secret key
- Public key
- Hash functions
- History-Caesar cipher
- A simple substitution cipher
- Polyalphabetic substitution example
- Uses of encryption
- Applications of cryptography
- Unauthorized access to resources.
- Masquerade as authorized user or end system
- E-mail forgery.
- Malicious attacks.
- Monitoring and capture of network traffic.
- Exploitation of software bugs
Increased Internet use:
- Home broadband,
- Greater coverage (wired and wireless):
More ubiquitous on-line use:
- Lack of awareness of threats and risks.
- Wide-open network policies.
- Unencrypted network traffic.
- Complexity of security measurements and administration
- Software bugs
- Availability of cracking tools
- Security Attacks
- Interruption: This is an attack on availability
- Interception: This is an attack on confidentiality
- Modification: This is an attack on integrity
- Fabrication: This is an attack on authenticity
Methods of defense
Encryption: Encryption is key enabling technology to implement computer security.
Information security uses cryptography to transform usable information into a form that renders it unusable by anyone other than an authorized user; this process is called encryption. Information that has been encrypted (rendered unusable) can be transformed back into its original usable form by an authorized user, who possesses the cryptographic key, through the process of decryption. Cryptography is used in information security to protect information from unauthorized or accidental discloser while the information is in transit (either electronically or physically) and while information is in storage
Cryptography can introduce security problems when it is not implemented correctly. The length and strength of the encryption key is also an important consideration. A key that is weak or too short will produce weak encryption. The keys used for encryption and decryption must be protected with the same degree of rigor as any other confidential information.
What is cryptography?
Cryptography is the science of using mathematics to encrypt and decrypt data. Cryptography enables you to store sensitive information or transmit it across insecure networks (like the Internet) so that it cannot be read by anyone except the intended recipient.
While cryptography is the science of securing data, cryptanalysis is the science of analyzing and breaking secure communication.
Cryptology embraces both cryptography and cryptanalysis.
“There are two kinds of cryptography in this world: cryptography that will stop your kid sister from reading your files, and cryptography that will stop major governments from reading your files”.
Cryptographic strength is measured in the time and resources it would require to recover the plaintext. The result of strong cryptography is cipher text that is very difficult to decipher without possession of the appropriate decoding tool.
How does cryptography work?
A cryptographic algorithm, or cipher, is a mathematical function used in the encryption and decryption process. A cryptographic algorithm works in combination with a key-a word, number, or phrase-to encrypt the plaintext. The same plaintext encrypts to different cipher text with different keys. The security of encrypted data is entirely dependent on two things: the strength of the cryptographic algorithm and the secrecy of the key. A cryptographic algorithm, plus all possible keys and all the protocols that make it work comprise a cryptosystem.
In conventional cryptography, also called secret-key or symmetric-key encryption, one key is used both for encryption and decryption.
Encryption and decryption
Data that can be read and understood without any special measures is called plaintext or clear text. The method of disguising plaintext in such a way as to hide its substance is called encryption. Encrypting plaintext results in unreadable gibberish called cipher text. You use encryption to ensure that information is hidden from anyone for whom it is not intended, even those who can see the encrypted data. The process of reverting cipher text to its original plaintext is called decryption.
This could be illustrated using the following diagram:
Encryption and decryption
Concerned with developing algorithms which may be used to:
- Conceal the context of some message from all except the sender and recipient (privacy or secrecy), and/or
- Verify the correctness of a message to the recipient (authentication)
- Forms the basis of many technological solutions to computer and communications security problems
Elements of cryptography:
- In cryptographic terminology, the message is called plaintext or clear text.
- Encoding the contents of the message in such a way that hides its contents from outsiders is called encryption.
- A method of encryption and decryption is called a cipher – The name cipher originates from the Hebrew word “Saphar,” meaning “to number.”
- The encrypted message is called the cipher text.
- The process of retrieving the plaintext from the cipher text is called decryption.
- Encryption and decryption usually make use of a key, and the coding method is such that decryption can be performed only by knowing the proper key.
The study of principles and methods of transforming an unintelligible message back into an intelligible message without knowledge of the key is called Cryptanalysis.
Also called “code breaking” sometimes.
Whereas people who do cryptography are cryptographers and practitioners of cryptanalysis are cryptanalysts.
Cryptology is the branch of mathematics that studies the mathematical foundations of cryptographic methods.
Cryptology comes from the Greek words Krypton, meaning hidden, and Graphen, meaning to write. Cryptology is actually the study of codes and ciphers.
Cryptology = both cryptography and cryptanalysis.
All modern algorithms use a key to control encryption and decryption; a message can be decrypted only if the key matches the encryption key.
The key used for decryption can be different from the encryption key, but for most algorithms they are the same.
Encryption Algorithm Types: There are two classes of key-based algorithms:
- Symmetric (or secret-key)
- Asymmetric (or public-key) algorithms
The difference is that symmetric algorithms use the same key for encryption and decryption (or the decryption key is easily derived from the encryption key), whereas asymmetric algorithms use a different key for encryption and decryption, and the decryption key cannot be derived from the encryption key.
Asymmetric Algorithms: public key
Public key cryptography is an asymmetric scheme that uses a pair of keys for encryption: a public key, which encrypts data, and a corresponding private, or secret key for decryption. You publish your public key to the world while keeping your private key secret. Anyone with a copy of your public key can then encrypt information that only you can read. Even people you have never met.
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It is computationally infeasible to deduce the private key from the public key. Any one who has a public key can encrypt the information but cannot decrypt it. Only the person who has the corresponding private key can decrypt the information. The primary benefit of public key cryptography is that it allows people who have no preexisting security arrangement to exchange messages securely. The need for sender and receiver to share secret keys via some secure channel is eliminated; all communications involve only public keys, and no private key is ever transmitted or shared.
Symmetric algorithms can be divided into two categories: (1) stream ciphers and (2) block ciphers.
Stream ciphers can encrypt a single bit/byte of plaintext at a time, whereas Block ciphers take a number of bits (typically 64 bits in modern ciphers), and encrypt them as a single unit.
An improvement on the above scheme is the addition of a one-way hash function in the process. A one-way hash function takes variable-length input-in this case, a message of any length, even thousands or millions of bits-and produces a fixed-length output; say, 160-bits. The hash function ensures that, if the information is changed in any way-even by just one bit-an entirely different output value is produced.
As long as a secure hash function is used, there is no way to take someone’s signature from one document and attach it to another, or to alter a signed message in any way. The slightest change in a signed document will cause the digital signature verification process to fail.
History – Caesar Cipher:
Julius Caesar used a simple alphabet (letter) substitution, offset by 3 letters.
Taking the word “cipher” you would move ahead in the alphabet 3 letters to get “FLSKHU”.
c =3 ® 3+3 = 6 ® F
i =9 ® 9+3 = 12 ® L
p =16 ® 16+3 = 19 ® S
h =8 ® 8+3 = 11 ® K
e =5 ® 5+3 = 8 ® H
r =18 ® 18+3
= 21 ® U
This worked for a while, until more people learned to read and studied his secret cipher.
A Simple Substitution Cipher”
Polyalphabetic Substitution Example:
Suppose that a polyalphabetic cipher of period 3 is being used, with the three monoalphabetic ciphers M1, M2, M3 as defined below. To encrypt a message, the first 3 letters of the plaintext are enciphered according to ciphers M1, M2, M3 respectively, with the process being repeated for each subsequent block of 3 plaintext letters.
a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
M1: K D N H P A W X C Z I M Q J B Y E T U G V R F O S L
M2: P A G U K H J B Y D S O E M Q N W F Z I T C V L X R
M3: J M F Z R N L D O W G I A K E S U C Q V H Y X T P B
Now is the time for every good man
JCQ CZ VXK VCER AQC PCRTX LBQZ QPK
The two o’s in good have been enciphered as different letters. Also the three letters “X” in the cipher text represent different letters in the plaintext
Uses of Encryption: Protecting data from prying eyes is not the only security issue in networking.
One can imagine at least four security services:
- Protecting data from being read by unauthorized persons
- Verifying the sender of each message (authentication)
- Preventing unauthorized persons from inserting or deleting messages
- Making it possible for users to send signed documents electronically
Applications of cryptography
Digital signatures have many applications in information security, including authentication, data integrity, and non-repudiation. One of the most significant applications of digital signatures is the certification of public keys in large networks. Certification is a means for a trusted third party (TTP) to bind the identity of a user to a public key, so that at some later time, other entities can authenticate a public key without assistance from a trusted third party
There is a lot of information that we don’t want other people to see. This can be achieved by cryptography such as:
- Credit card information
- Private correspondence
- Social security numbers
- Personal details
- Sensitive company information
Thus Information security measures are needed to protect data from hackers, when it is transmitted between terminal user and computer and between computer and computer and it is also necessary to protect the computer system when there is an attack of virus. The capability of security enabled components still lags behind the claims. Everyone has a different idea of what “security” is, and what levels of risk are acceptable. It’s important to build systems and networks in such a way that the user is not constantly reminded of the security system around him. As and when new security methods are developed, breaking of these methods has increased. So measures have to be taken to fill the loopholes, of which cryptography has and is playing a major role. Cryptography is evergreen and developments in this area are a better option.
Basic security challenges in the corporate realm are not yet completely addressed. Nevertheless the cumbersome combats devised against each of the security fissures, yet the cyber MAVERICKS all around the world are succeeding in their ways of perdition. This was quite evident from the E-attacks on BARC server & post-September11th cyber attacks on FBI sites where even sophisticated surveillance systems couldn’t come to their rescue. A case in point is that, E-ATTACKS are becoming notoriously peerless as compared with the traditional nuke-wars. Consequently, in the quench of thirst for more and more secured systems BIOMETRICS SYSTEM, QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY and many more are innovatively being implemented at a cumulative pace.
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"Bats Sing, Mice Giggle" tracks many years of research by hundreds of scientists that reveals how wild animals, as well as pets, have inner, secret lives of which until recently - although many animal lovers will have instinctively believed it - we have had little proof. The authors show how animal 'friends' stay in touch, and how they warn and help each other in times of danger; how some animals problem-solve as or in some instances even more effectively than humans - and how they regulate, create, and entertain themselves and others. They show how animals express grief and reverence in ways we never thought possible. From the sleep patterns of some owls, birds and horses, as well as porpoises, who go to sleep in only one half of their brains at a time; to how schools of electric fish give off complex signals of one frequency to communicate with their mates and another frequency to locate their prey, and how Polar bears tune into quantum 'radio stations' to sense prey as far away as ten miles and under the snow, "Bats Sing, Mice Giggle" provides an unparalleled insight into animals' secret lives.<|endoftext|>Subay adayına Berkin Elvan ve Kevser Suresi sorgusu
Milli Savunma Bakanlığı'nın yeni uygulamasına göre KPSS'den 60 puan alan lisans mezunları, TSK'ye muvazzaf subay adayı olarak başvuru yapabiliyor. Kişilik Değerlendirme Testi, Boy Kilo Endeksi Testi ve Fiziki Yeterlilik Spor Testi’ni geçen adaylar; mülakata girmeye hak kazanıyor.
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Cumhuriyet'in Pazar günü ana sayfadan verdiği haberde, adaylardan biri, "Kesver Suresi'nin önemi nedir?" ve "Sence Berkin Elvan gerçekten ekmek almaya giderken mi öldü?" gibi sorularla karşılaştığını söylüyor.
Biri askeri üniformalı, beşi sivil giyimli altı kişilik bir heyet tarafından mülakata tabi tutulan M.U.G., mülakatta kendisine 'FETÖ'yle ilgili sorular sorulduğunu ve heyetin, Kuran okuyup okumadığını öğrenmek istediğini söylüyor.
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Home / Acquistare Borse Longchamp Online<|endoftext|>Alberto Stasi è colpevole "oltre ogni ragionevole dubbio" dell'omicidio della fidanzata Chiara Poggi. Lo mette nero su bianco la Cassazione nelle 115 pagine di motivazione nelle quali spiega il perché, il 12 dicembre 2015, per Stasi si sono aperte le porte del carcere per scontare la condanna definitiva a sedici anni. In particolare, la Quinta sezione penale scrive che "ciascun indizio risulta integrarsi perfettamente con gli altri come tessere di un mosaico che hanno contribuito a creare un quadro d'insieme convergente verso la colpevolezza di Alberto Stasi, oltre ogni ragionevole dubbio".
"Agì con dolo d’impeto" – La Cassazione precisa inoltre che l’ex fidanzato della vittima agì con “dolo d’impeto” e "senza alcuna programmazione preventiva". In sintesi, la sua condotta va inquadrata "come risposta immediata o quasi immediata ad uno stimolo esterno".
Motivando la decisione di respingere il ricorso del pg di Milano, che chiedeva il riconoscimento dell'aggravante di crudeltà, i giudici scrivono che Alberto Stasi ha agito senza la volontà di "infliggere alla vittima sofferenze aggiuntive".
Superficialità nelle indagini - Piazza Cavour contesta infine anche l'andamento delle indagini" sul delitto avvenuto a Garlasco il 13 agosto 2007 nella villetta dei Poggi e lo definisce "senz'altro non limpido, caratterizzato anche da errori e superficialità".<|endoftext|>Qual è la massima longevità per un essere umano? Secondo le ricerche, si vive fino a 125 anni
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Il team di studiosi e ricercatori dell’Albert Einstein College of Medicine, ha scoperto che se è vero che la durata media della vita può arrivare a 115 anni, è anche vero che esiste, al momento, un limite assoluto e fino ad ora mai identificato, che è di 125 anni: per arrivare a questo esito, i ricercatori hanno fatto uso di un database sulla mortalità, che gli ha suggerito anche che la speranza di vita decresce dopo i 100 anni.
Un mondo di anziani? Sicuramente, tra molti anni, sarà possibile che questa speranza aumenti: rispetto al secolo scorso, sono molte di più le persone che vivono oltre i 70 anni, ma non è credibile pensare che il limite possa essere superato, perché questo limite potrebbe essere stato già raggiunto nel 1990.<|endoftext|>martedì 13 dicembre 2011
Fuori!
. I sei head coaches succeduti nel tempo a Don Shula hanno combinato un record di 126-127. Poco per Miami come testimoniato anche dal pubblico, così scarso sugli spalti da ricordare la situazione dei Miami Sharks del film Any Given Sunday. La posizione di Sparano era a rischio fin dalla scorsa offseason quando, dopo una stagione da 7-9, Ross aveva flirtato con l'head coach di Stanford, Jim Harbaugh. La prima mossa che la franchigia dovrà fare, dopo l'ingaggio del nuovo head coach, sarà quella di trovare un valido quarterback. Matt Moore ha mostrato di essere un ottimo backup, forse non una soluzione a lungo termine ma un quarterback in grado di giocare fino a quando un franchise quarterback non sarà pronto. Il draft 2012 presenta diversi buoni prospetti dietro a Andrew Luck di Stanford, con i vari Robert Griffin III di Baylor, Landry Jones di Oklahoma e Matt Barkley di USC.<|endoftext|>Definitions : “Miracle” – Latin miraculum “object of wonder” and “marvelous event caused by God“. “Resurrection” – Latin resurrectionem “a rising again from the dead.”
1) Miracles before the Passion
- Jesus predicts His Passion and Resurrection – Jesus repeatedly predicts His Passion and Resurrection in the Gospels. In Matt 20:18-19, Jesus gives a highly detailed prophesy identifying his betrayers (Jewish priests and scribes), that He would be scourged and crucified by the Romans and rise on the third day.
- The Miracle of the Passover and Passion – Jesus chooses the place (Jerusalem, the Jewish spiritual capital) and the time (the Passover, the Holiest Jewish feast) of His Passion. This choice ensures that huge numbers of Jewish pilgrims will witness the Passion, pilgrims who will later spread the news about Jesus across the Mideast. By using the Passover (celebrated for over 1300 years) for His Passion, Jesus radically redefines what the Holy Day means by becoming the Paschal Lamb that was sacrificed to take away the sins of the world.
2) Miracles between the Passion and Resurrection
- God accepts the death of His Son – In the Incarnation, the eternal Word takes flesh and was “crucified, died and was buried” (CCC 571-630). It is wondrous that God would so love humans that He would descend, incarnate and accept human death to save us from sin/death (John 3:16).
- Christ’s death reconciles humans to God – “By His death, Christ liberates us from sin…” (CCC 654). The un-payable debt of sin, from the time of Adam, is paid as Christ dies, saying “It is finished” (John 19:30), a term that in Roman times signified the full and final payment of a debt.
- Jesus descends into Hell – Jesus, having died, descends into Hell to offer redemption to righteous people who died before the Passion (CCC 632-635). This mysterious miracle confirms the completeness of “Christ’s redemptive work to all men of all times and all places…”(CCC 634).
3) Miracles at the Resurrection
- His body is uncorrupted – Despite being dead for three days with massive wounds, there is no corruption/decay of His body (Acts 2:27, CCC 627). It defies human experience.
- He transcends human experience by rising from the dead (Matt 28:1-10 Mark 16:1-20; Luke 24:1-53; John 20:1-31) – With the Father’s help, Jesus “effects his own Resurrection by virtue of his divine power” (John 10:17-18; CCC 649). He is not a ghost (Luke 24:39). His Resurrection is not simply the reviving of a dead person like the other people whom Jesus raised (Luke 7:11-17; Mk 5:22-24; John 11:1-44) for all of them eventually died. Jesus’ Resurrection is “about breaking out into an entirely new form of life, into a life that is no longer subject to the law of dying…a life that opens us a new dimension of human existence.”
- His resurrected body is miraculous – The horrific physical wounds of Christ included serious face and head wounds, head wounds due to the crown of thorns, full body scourging (120 lacerations), dehydration, large nail holes in His hands and feet, being pierced through the heart and having no food or water for three days while in the tomb. One who didn’t die from these wounds would certainly be hospitalized for weeks. Yet, Jesus rises with a miraculously healed body, a body that still shows the wounds of the crucifixion (Luke 24:40) including a pierced heart (John 20:20) that again works. The Gospels don’t mention the horrific wounds of the scourging, the beating or the crown of thorns after the Resurrection, which apparently are not noticeable.
- His Resurrection opens up a new life for all humans – “By His Resurrection, He opens for us the way to a new life…[a] new life that is above all justification that reinstates us in God’s Grace…we too might walk in the newness of life…[and we] become Christ’s brethren.” (CCC 654).
4) Miracles from the Resurrection to the Ascension
- Jesus appears with His Resurrected body – Jesus’ “real body possess the new properties of a glorious body: not limited by space and time but able to be present how and when he wills…” (CCC 645). He can disguise and reveal His appearance at will (Luke 24:16; John 20:14,19). He can appear and disappear at will (Luke 24:31). He eats and drinks (Acts 10:41) and allows others to touch Him (John 20:27). On the day of the Resurrection, He walks about 6 miles to Emmaus, shares a meal and teaches for an extended period.
- Jesus reveals the fullness of Salvation History – At Emmaus, Jesus explains the meaning of the Old Testament to the disciples, filling them with awe (Luke 24:32). The Incarnation reveals that the hidden meaning of the Old Testament is the dying of the Savior for our sins (1 Cor 15:3).
- Jesus appears and interacts with many disciples – Jesus appears many times to many people including Mary Magdalene (Mark 16:9; John 20:11-16), Peter and John, to the disciples on the road to Emmaus, to the Twelve and five hundred disciples (and to Paul after the Ascension) (1 Cor 15:5-8).
- Jesus Ascends to heaven – After His Resurrection, Jesus predicts that He will ascend to heaven (John 20:17) and, after 40 days, miraculously ascends into the clouds (Mark 16:19; Acts 1:6-11). The stunned disciples then see two men in white robes who say, “Jesus, who was taken up from you into heaven, will come in the same way as you saw him go into heaven.”
- Jesus sends the Holy Spirit – At Pentecost (Acts 2), Jesus’ promise to send the Holy Spirit (John 14:16; 15:26) is fulfilled.
Benedict XVI, Jesus of Nazareth: Holy Week (San Francisco: Ignatius Press, 2011), xxii-xxiii.
“Christ-miss” in the Modern World
While the feast of “Christ’s-Mass” dates back to at least the 2nd Century, much of the modern world has lost sight of the mysterious and wonderful Advent of Christ. For many Christians, rather than renewal in Christ, Christmas is perhaps better described as “Christ-miss”. “Christ-miss” is celebrated with rampant consumerism, holiday gift-giving, family reunions, partying, vacations and perhaps even attending Christmas Mass, while “missing” the opportunity to renew their faith in Christ.
Like the slumbering world that missed Christ’s quiet birth in a Bethlehem stable 2000 years ago, many are sleeping during Advent, embracing “Christ-miss” rather than “Christ-Mass.” They miss the great miracle of Christ’s continued rule in the modern world; they miss the opportunity to draw closer to Christ and to experience His lasting peace and joy. Instead, in the deprived darkness of the modern secular “Christ-miss” world, people suffer in darkness, lost in the self-absorption of sinful addictions, lost in battles to promote sexual liberation, the killing of children and the control of the nation’s wealth, lost in transient relationships, broken marriages and the loneliness of going it alone.
The Advent of the Divine Child
Into this broken world, the Light of Christ continues to shine brilliantly during Advent. (more…)
There is an orphan epidemic in the modern world. Many children in the modern world have, in practical terms, been abandoned, even when they have one or both parents. Increasing numbers of women (with men in passive agreement) are bearing children out of wedlock (absent fathers) and/or through artificial insemination (anonymous fathers). Many marry only to divorce. As a result, a large and growing number of children are being raised without a father; fatherless orphans. Children are also being abandoned into virtual orphanhood; the vocation of parenting is being outsourced to hired day care providers, teachers in secular schools and by modern media. Many adults are also embracing orphanhood through a rejection of God the Father with growing numbers of people choosing atheism, agnosticism or ‘casualism’ in faith. Orphans abound.
The rejection of earthly fathers and the Heavenly Father yields great suffering. Modern culture is showing the negative effects of orphanhood by declines in morality and human happiness: idolatry (materialism, cult of celebrity), promiscuity, addictions (pornography, substances), the murder of abortion and euthanasia and the rejection of marriage and children, etc. Great numbers of today’s ‘orphans’ are relentless and depressed, feeling the discouraging impact of empty lives; the reality of their mortality weighs on their hearts and minds; the unavoidable issue of their eternal salvation weighs on their souls. The faithless orphans of the world bear a great burden.
Jesus Christ Revealer of Our Father
Jesus Christ comes to reveal God the Father to an orphaned world. (more…)
Satanspel – The Devil’s Story
At Eden, Satan seduces Man with the false story (from the Old English “spel”) that humans can have “all knowledge” and “become like gods” (Gen 3:5). The turning away from God and His Truth to the devil’s false story, the Satanspel, is the fall of Man into Original Sin.
The Satanspel of today promises that a “modern” secular society (humans can be gods) and information technology (knowledge) will lead to the salvation of humans. Secularists seek to neutralize God in the public square and promote an individualist order where all humans can fulfill their personal cravings for material goods and sexual perversion. The “knowledge” of Eden is the “information” of today with Man submerged in a swamp of information through ever-more intrusive media devices. In the “information overload”, the trivial, obscene and morbid seduce Man into greater and greater distraction from God, with Man falling into ever-greater darkness of sin.
Gospel of Jesus Christ the Divine Evangelist
In Divine contrast to the dark lies of the Satanspel, the Gospel (literally, “Good news” or “God’s story”) is the Truth of Jesus Christ. Jesus, whose name means “God saves”, brings the Divine good news that God Is and Man can be saved by God through Jesus Christ. Jesus Christ, He, Himself, is the Good News, for He is God who comes into the world through the Incarnation to save Man from the dark spell cast by Satan. The Good News
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about the possible affinities of hoatzins, since it’s one of the most contentious and debated issues in neornithine systematics (see also Fain & Houde 2004, Ericson et al. 2006, Hackett et al. 2008). Mayr et al. (2011) don’t come down in favour of any one particular hypothesis on hoatzin affinities, but they do note that a close relationship with turacos is most consistent with an African origin.
Given both the enigma and controversy that’s surrounded hoatzin affinities and the various morphological and physiological peculiarities evolved within the hoatzin lineage, any news on the group’s history and evolution is of great interest. I’m very excited to know that hoatzins once inhabited Africa, and the fact that these birds seemingly once rafted across an ocean makes them all the more interesting. As usual, we must hope that – in time – additional discoveries will tell us more about the history of this most remarkable group of birds.
For previous Tet Zoo articles that mention or discuss hoatzins, see...
- You're not a proto-phorusrhacid, but you're still a cariamaen, and that's alright with me (ode to the Ameghinornithidae)
- Gary Kaiser's The Inner Bird: Anatomy and Evolution
- Clubs, spurs, spikes and claws on the hands of birds (part I)
Refs - -
Cracraft, J. 1971. A new family of hoatzin-like birds (Order Opisthocomiformes) from the Eocene of South America. Ibis 113, 229-233.
Domning, D. P. 2005. Fossil Sirenia of the West Atlantic and Caribbean region. VII. Pleistocene Trichechus manatus Linnaeus, 1758. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 25, 685-701.
Fain, M., & Houde, P. (2004). PARALLEL RADIATIONS IN THE PRIMARY CLADES OF BIRDS Evolution, 58 (11), 2558-2573 DOI: 10.1111/j.0014-3820.2004.tb00884.x
Grajal, A., Strahl, S. D., Parra, R., Dominguez, M. G. & Neher, A. 1989. Foregut fermentation in the hoatzin, a Neotropical leaf-eating bird. Science 245, 1236-1238.
Hackett, S. J., Kimball, R. T., Reddy, S., Bowie, R. C. K., Braun, E. L., Braun, M. J., Cjojnowski, J. L., Cox, W. A., Han, K.-L., Harshman, J., Huddleston, C. J., Marks, B., Miglia, K. J., Moore, W. S., Sheldon, F. H., Steadman, D. W., Witt, C. C. & Yuri, T. 2008. A phylogenomic study of birds reveals their evolutionary history. Science 320, 1763-1768.
Hedges, S. B., Simmons, M. D., van Dijk, M. A. M., Caspers, G.-J., de Jong, W. W. & Sibley, C. G. 1995. Phylogenetic relationships of the hoatzin, an enigmatic South American bird. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 92, 11662-11665.
Hughes, J. M. & Baker, A. J. 1999. Phylogenetic relationships of the enigmatic hoatzin (Opisthocomus hoazin) resolved using mitochondrial and nuclear gene sequences. Molecules and Biological Evolution 16, 1300-1307.
Korzun, L. P., Erard, C., Gasc, J.-P. & Dzerzhinsky, F. J. 2003. Biomechanical features of the bill and jaw apparatus of cuckoos, turacos and the hoatzin in relation to food acquisition and processing. Ostrich 74, 48-57.
Mayr, G. 2009. Paleogene Fossil Birds. Springer, Berlin.
- . & Clarke, J. 2003. The deep divergences of neornithine birds: a phylogenetic analysis of morphological characters. Cladistics 19, 527-553.
Miller, A. H. 1953. A fossil hoatzin from the Miocene of Colombia. Auk 70, 484-489.
Mourer-Chauviré, C. 1983. Les Gruiformes (Aves) des Phosphorites du Quercy (France). 1. Sous-order Cariamae (Cariamidae et Phorusrhacidae). Systématique et biostratigraphie. Palaeovertebrata 13, 83-143.
- . 2003. Birds (Aves) from the Middle Miocene of Arrisdrift (Namibia). Preliminary study with description of two new genera: Amanuensis (Accipitriformes, Sagittariidae) and Namibiavis (Gruiformes, Idiornithidae). Geological Survey of Namibia, Memoir 19, 103-113.
Olson, S. L. 1992. A new family of primitive landbirds from the Lower Eocene Green River Formation of Wyoming. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Contributions in Science 36, 137-160.
- . 1985. The fossil record of birds. In D. S. Farner, J. R. King, and K. C. Parkes (eds.), Avian Biology 8: 79-238. Orlando, Fla.: Academic Press.
Sibley, C. G. & Ahlquist, J. E. 1973. The relationships of the hoatzin. The Auk 90, 1-13.
Sorenson, M. D., Oneal, E., García-Moreno, J. & Mindell, D. P. 2003. More taxa, more characters: the hoatzin problem is still unresolved. Molecular Biology and Evolution 20, 1484-1499.
Voelker, G., Rohwer, S., Outlaw, D. C. & Bowie, R. C. K. 2009. Repeated trans-Atlantic dispersal catalysed a global songbird radiation. Global Ecology and Biogeography 18, 41-49.<|endoftext|>Jujitsu teaches skills that enable one to overcome a bigger, stronger opponent. A popular style of jujitsu is aikido, which uses wrist, elbow, and shoulder twists and graceful falls it is noncompetitive and incorporates various spiritual concepts.
, a Japanese sport created in 1882, makes use of jujitsu principles. Other popular forms of martial arts include kung fu, karate, and taekwondo, all of which emphasize blows with the feet and the side of the hand, and kendo, in which leather-covered bamboo
are used. Judo and taekwondo are Olympic sports. Capoeira, a dancelike Brazilian discipline whose movements are performed to rhythmic music, is gaining in popularity.
The traditional Asian martial arts emphasize allowing ki (cosmic energy also known as chi) to flow through one's body. This belief in ki connects the martial arts with t'ai chi ch'uan, a meditationlike discipline that emphasizes slow, graceful body movements. The most popular form of individual exercise in China, t'ai chi is often performed publicly in large groups it has been claimed to reduce stress and lower blood pressure.
The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.
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- Sports and Everyday Life +-<|endoftext|>《水浒传》是我国最早的长篇小说之一，成书于元末明初，是一部描写和歌颂农民起义的伟大史诗。就在昨天，我把《水浒传》看完了。
《水浒传》主要写了发生在北宋末年的宋江起义为题材，生动地叙述了起义的发生、发展和结局，塑造了一系列农民起义英雄形象。比如：及时雨宋江，黑旋风李逵，智多星吴用等等一百零八条好汉的英雄形象。
宋江为人仗义，孝顺父亲，他原来是在山东郓城县的县衙里做一个小吏，因宋江救过晁盖，所以晁盖为了答谢宋江，派刘唐送书信及一百两黄金给宋江。可是老天不作美，这件事很快让阎婆惜发现，她讹诈宋江，宋江一怒杀死阎婆惜，犯了人命官司。美髯公朱仝私放了宋江，这才使宋江结识了武松。后来，宋江受到了重重困难，结识了好汉，但蔡京、高俅等人不放过宋江，最终用毒酒毒死了宋江。精彩内容，尽在百度攻略：http://gl.baidu.com
这本书使我认识了108条好汉，他们个个勇猛。它不仅是农民起义的壮丽史诗，而且是中国古代英雄传奇的光辉典范。<|endoftext|>SPOR Toto 2. Lig
Beyaz Grup'ta orta sıralarda mücadele eden Fethiyespor
, küme düşme potasından uzaklaşmak isteyen Hatayspor
ile Fethiye'de karşılaştı. Maç boyunca üstün bir oyun ortaya koymasına rağmen gol bulamayan lacivert-beyazlı ekip 90 dakika sonunda golsüz beraberlik ve 1 puanla yetinmek zorunda kaldı. Fethiyespor bu sonuçla 37 puanla 11. sırada haftayı tamamlarken, Hatayspor küme düşme hattından 2 puan uzakta, 14'üncü sırada kaldı.<|endoftext|>küfür edip siksene beni hamza fantezi yapalım
Kilot giymedim hamza hadi benim amımı yala önce. Hiç amcık yalamadıysan ben sana göstereyim ama sikini ağzıma alarak. Sende aynı şeyleri yapacaksın bunda hiçbir şey yok. Ya sen nasıl bir orospusun kızım. Liselisin ama bu yaşta bana oral sex nasıl yapılır onu gösteriyorsun helal olsun sana.<|endoftext|>Green Fodder is an economical source of nutrients for Dairy Animals. To improve the availability of Green Fodder from the limited land under Fodder Cultivation certain measures need to be taken. Production and marketing of certified / truthfully labelled seeds of genetically superior fodder crops are crucial adoption of a systemic, scientific and long term approach for fodder crops similar to the one being followed for food crops can boost the availability and supply of Quality fodder seeds to farmers. This would lead to sustainable growth in green fodder production and would eventually help in enhancing milk production.
For details Please refer : green_fodder_article_indian_dairyman2011.pdf
For Videos related to green fodder development in Hindi, please refer : http://www.dairyknowledge.in/file/hara-chaara-utpadan-vraddhi-ke-tareeke
For Videos related to green fodder development in English, please refer :http://www.dairyknowledge.in/file/improved-practices-enhancing-fodder-pr...<|endoftext|>Bu acımasız soğuk algınlığı ve grip mevsimi boyunca sağlıklı kalma arayışında, bazı insanlar doğal bir çare olarak kekik yağına yöneliyorlar. Ama vücudun için gerçekten her şeyi yapabilir mi??
Çevrimiçi kekik yağı için arama yapın ve web sitelerini, sözde şifa özellikleri, enfeksiyonların önlenmesi ve tedavisi, boğaz ağrısını hafifletme, bağışıklık sisteminizi artırma ve daha fazlasını içeren “inanılmaz faydalarını” gösteren web sitelerini bulacaksınız. Bazı insanlar onu yutuyor, diğerleri cildine sürüyor.
Kötü bir grip mevsimi: Kendini korumak için bilmen gerekenler:
Jan.17.201803:25
Komedyen Billy Eichner geçenlerde aktris Shirley MacLaine’nin kendisine ve başkalarına “hastalıklara karşı korunmak için dilinizin altında birkaç damla kekik yağı koymasını” öğütledi.
Aktris Rachael Harris bir hastalık savaşçısı olarak övgüde bulundu: “Momma, oregano’nun petrolünü STAT üzerine almalı,” diye yazdı..
Ancak sağlık uzmanları daha şüpheci.
Madonna Fernstrom, NBC News Health and Nutrition Editor, “Kekik yağı aktif bir madde içeriyor olsa da, bunu mikrop mücadele araç kutunuzun bir parçası olarak kullanmanın güvenilir bir kanıtı yok” dedi..
“Kişisel tanıklık kanıt değildir ve bazı insanlar yararları nedeniyle yemin ederken, bu başka nedenlerin [neden] belirtilerinin iyileştiğini göz ardı eden bilimsel doğrulama olarak sayılmaz.”
Kekik yağı ümit verici sağlık yararları gösterir, ancak Cleveland’ın Ohio’daki Cleveland Clinic Wellness Institute’taki sağlıklı beslenme hizmetleri yöneticisi olan Kristin Kirkpatrick, “çeşitli hastalıkların tedavisinde bir sonraki büyük şey” olarak nitelendirilmesi için daha fazla veriye ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır..
Sağlık uzmanları neden şüpheci:
Kekik yağındaki aktif bileşen, bir çanaktaki fare hücrelerinin yayınlanmış bir çalışmasında antimikrobiyal olarak hareket eden, ancak canlı vücuttaki hücrelerin karmaşıklığı ile kıyaslanamayan karvakrol olduğunu kaydetti. Carvacrol’ün vücudunuzun içinde aktif olup olmadığı ve canlı bir insanda meydana gelen şeyin doğrudan bir teoride ve spekülasyonda olup bitenlere çevrilip dönüştürülmediği açık değil, aslında.
Diğer çalışmalar anti-mantar, anti-bakteriyel yetenekler ve anti-viral aktivite gösterir, ancak bir laboratuvar ortamında birçok hayvan üzerinde yapıldı, Kirkpatrick kaydetti.
Bazı çiftçiler, kekik yağıyla karıştırılan ve antibiyotik ikamesi olarak kullanılan yemlerde tavuk yetiştiriyor ve yöntemin kuşları hastalıksız tutmanın iyi bir yolu olduğunu söylüyorlar, The New York Times.
Ama insanlar söz konusu olduğunda, “kekik yağının vücudumuzda veya vücudumuzda yararlı bir şey yaptığını gösteren hiçbir ikna edici kanıt yoktur”, 2011 tarihli bir analizde Science-Based Medicine’in web sitesine not düşmüştür. “Hastaysanız, kanıtlanmış bilime sadık kalın ve kekini pişirmekten sakın.”
Arizona Üniversitesi Entegratif Tıp Merkezi’nin kurucusu ve yöneticisi Dr..
“Geçen ay, kekik yağının iyileştirici özellikleriyle ilgili iddialarınızı şüpheyle görmenizi tavsiye ediyorum” dedi..
Grip mevsimi bu yıl neden bu kadar kötü? Aile hekimi ipuçları sunuyor
Jan.18.201808:27
Ne bilmek istiyorsun:
Kekik yağı hap ve kapsüllerde ve sıvı halde bulunur. Fernstrom, bu bir gıda olarak değil, bir besin takviyesi olarak – bu sınıfla ilgili kuralların eksikliğiyle birlikte – not edildi. Saflık veya dozaj düzenlemesi yoktur, bilim temelli etkinlik için herhangi bir gereksinim yoktur ve herhangi bir olumsuz etkiyi rapor etme gereği yoktur..
“Öyleyse kullanıcının dikkat etmesine izin verin” dedi. “Düzenleme olmadığı için, ne kadar yuttuğunuzu bilmiyorsunuz. Bazı müstahzarlar daha konsantre ve diğerleri zeytinyağı ile seyreltilir. Yani ‘etkili’ dozaj son derece sorgulanabilir. ”
Fernstrom, “doğal” olduğu için bunu güvenli hale getirmediği de ekledi. Bazı insanlar, diğer birçok gıda bazlı bileşik gibi, kekik yağına karşı alerjik reaksiyona girebilir..
Alt çizgi:
Fernstrom, “Atla ve paranı taze meyve ve sebze, sabun ve el dezenfektanı gibi gerçek sağlık destekçilerine harca,” dedi..
Kirkpatrick, “Sadece grip tedavisi için ona güveneceğimi düşünmüyorum” dedi..
Kekik yağı almayı öneriyoruz, ancak sinüs enfeksiyonları için buhar inhalasyon tedavisinin bir parçası olarak birkaç damla kullanmayı onaylıyoruz. “Bunun dışında, bunu tavsiye etmiyorum” diye yazdı.
Facebook, Instagram ve Twitter’da A. Pawlowski’yi takip edin.<|endoftext|>Patriot in the American Revolution
Image: Sketch of the Old Chelsea Mansion
Charity Clarke was born June 28, 1747. Her father, Major Thomas Clarke, was a retired British veteran of the French and Indian War. He named his property in lower Manhattan Chelsea – at the time a country estate – for the soldiers’ hospital near London, and thus gave a name to the Chelsea neighborhood of New York City. The Clarke estate encompassed the area that is now 18th to 24th Streets between Eighth and Tenth Avenues in Manhattan. The Chelsea mansion was located at what is now Eighth Avenue and West 23rd Street, and Charity inherited the entire estate.
In her early 20s, Charity Clarke was a young New York City woman with strong opinions about the growing tensions caused by Great Britain’s tightening grip on the American colonies. Between 1768 and 1774, she wrote a series of letters to her cousin Joseph Jekyll, a London lawyer. These letters show her disdain for the policies of the English Monarchy and her growing sense of patriotism in the period leading up to the American Revolution.
Charity wrote on November 6, 1768, “
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, tratto dal libro “Profezie. Cosa ci riserva il futuro”, steso nel 2002, pubblicato in America nel 2004 e tradotto per i tipi della Mondadori (che ha edito da noi gran parte dell’opera della scrittrice) in Italia nel 2006. Nella terza parte del volume c’è un passaggio che contiene alcuni dettagli coerenti con i fatti relativi alla pandemia di COVID-19 (o perlomeno, in molti vi hanno considerato una connessione), “La nostra salute fisica, emotiva, mentale e spirituale”, ed esattamente ne “Il rovescio della medaglia” (pag. 219) scorriamo: “Prevedo anche alcune imminenti emergenze sanitarie e, come sempre quando si tratta di cattive notizie, nessuno sarà più felice di me se poi si scoprisse che mi sono sbagliata: nel 2010 comparirà un’altra malattia legata alle immunodeficienze. Sembra che sarà collegata a uccelli esotici importati dal Brasile e che verrà trasmessa dagli uccelli a noi umani tramite una specie di minuscoli acari. Questa insidiosa infezione batterica si manifesterà sotto forma di una escrescenza simile a un fungo che resisterà a tutti i farmaci e agli antibiotici noti a quell’epoca.
Sarà simile alla fascite necrotizzante, ma si diffonderà su scala molto più vasta. Sarà talmente contagiosa che le persone infettate dovranno essere messe in quarantena. Dovremo passare quattro o cinque anni di panico prima che si scopra che il fungo e i batteri che lo provocano possano essere distrutti da un’associazione di corrente elettrica e calore elevatissimo”, e ancora: “Entro il 2020 diventerà di prassi indossare in pubblico mascherine chirurgiche e guanti di gomma, a causa di una epidemia di una grave malattia simile alla polmonite, che attaccherà sia i polmoni sia i canali bronchiali e che sarà refrattaria ad ogni tipo di cura. Tale patologia sarà particolarmente sconcertante perché, dopo aver procurato un inverno di panico assoluto, sembrerà scomparire completamente per altri dieci anni, rendendo ancora più difficile scoprire la sua causa e la sua cura”.
Una sensitiva nota in tutto il mondo
Queste insomma le asserzioni che pare abbiano infiammato un putiferio sui social su chi le desse della folle, su chi le ha dato della mitomane, su chi ha azzardato sommariamente, senza razionalità alcuna, di contraddire lo scritto. Si esigerà come mai un poeta abbia deciso di estendere, non una tutela di cui non v’è occorrenza, ma un servizio per far apprendere al meglio questa sensitiva nota in tutto il mondo (nel volume citato, la Browne utilizza il suo speciale dono per ‘rileggere’ le predizioni che nel corso della storia sono state fatte da veggenti, profeti biblici ma anche da scienziati della NASA. E rendendo omaggio a grandi figure quali Nostradamus, Madame Blavatsky o Edgar Cayce, ella rivela in che modo facciano i cosiddetti profeti a conoscere il futuro e, all’unisono, in che maniera si possono smascherare ciarlatani. In più, il testo specifico risponde ai vari interrogativi sul destino dell’umanità andando ad approfondire argomenti quali lo sviluppo tecnologico o le sorti dell’ambiente, dalla cura per molte malattie alla pace nel mondo, senza tralasciare l’evoluzione sociale, economica e politica; ribadiamo che il testo è stato concepito diciotto anni fa): oserei rispondere che i poeti, quelli veritieri, come è risaputo da secoli, hanno attive le antenne sugli accadimenti del mondo e che spesso assurgono, involontariamente, a ‘stazioni’ che ricevono, rilevando segni invisibili che gravitano fuori e dentro la nostra anima; ecco perché le parole dei poeti sono valutate -anche dai mistici- come esonerati da qualsivoglia ‘scorie’ (si intende qui evidenziare che, distinti da altri, i poeti hanno intensa facilità di ghermire ciò che è inafferrabile, spirituale, cosmico; asserzione che vale anche per i contemplativi, santi, profeti).
Pediniamo da tempo l’opera della Browne
Pediniamo da tempo l’integrale opera della Browne (da quando nel 1999 pubblicò “Messaggi dall’aldilà. Una guida alla quarta dimensione”) e possiamo assicurare che, forse, non la si abbraccerebbe appieno se in più non sussistano letture quali, ad esempio, “Ricordi di altre vite” o “La luce oltre la vita” di Raymond A. Moody Jr; “Reincarnazione. L’eterno viaggio dell’anima” di Joe Fisher; “Messaggi di luce” di Theresa Cheung; “Oltre le porte del tempo” e “Molte vite, molti maestri” (nonché l’intera opera) di Brian Weiss; le pubblicazioni di e su Gustavo Rol (uomo dotato di possibilità straordinarie, unico nel suo genere per la qualità e la quantità di facoltà in lui presenti; si legga “Rol. Il grande veggente” di Renzo Allegri); i testi del regista-medium Demofilo Fidani; “I morti parlano” del docente di teologia e di Sacre Scritture, Padre Francois Brune (fu lui il primo ad appuntare come “La Chiesa nutra la più grande diffidenza verso i fenomeni paranormali; insegna l’eternità, ma non ammette che si possa viverla o mettersi in comunicazione con essa); della vicenda del monaco benedettino Padre Pellegrino Ernetti e del suo ‘Cronovisore’, a cui sempre Brune ha dedicato “La macchina del tempo. Il nuovo mistero del Vaticano” o “Rinascere dopo la morte” di Jean-Francis Crolard.
Considerava testi sacri anche i vangeli gnostici
Oltre alla Bibbia, la Browne considerava testi sacri anche i vangeli gnostici. Ora, al di là di quel che ognuno di noi, leggendo i suoi libri (che vi suggeriamo, se non altro per farvi una idea privata sull’argomento), possa o meno accogliere, dibattere o intralciare, resta indelebile e splendente l’appunto della Browne di come Dio e il suo regno -senza andare a importunare le abbaglianti vite dei purissimi, tipo quella di Santa Teresa D’Avila, a cui Vita Sackville West consacrò un affascinantissimo libro- sia dentro di noi: percezioni, pensieri, sentimenti, facoltà di azione, ogni peculiare respiro: tutto viene da Lui. Che ogni dramma dell’esistenza, della distruzione del corpo, delle insidie della incertezza, siano scenografie di uno spettacolo a cui l’anima -pur essendone interprete- assiste, e che quell’anima è parte di Dio e a lui rimpatria e aderisce. Forse i testi della Browne (come altri del resto), se non agguantati alla lettera, possono in ogni caso dare un tipo di responso a quegli interrogativi che spesso ci poniamo: il nostro è un destino già scritto? Si deve temere la morte? Perché dobbiamo evolverci? Sfogliati in questa prospettiva possono divenire dei benevoli a cui indirizzarsi quando ruzzoliamo nelle angosce. Non a caso lei stessa in “Profezie” registra: “Non le chiamerei le mie ‘profezie’ perché, ribadisco, in definitiva tutto viene da Dio. Il che non dobbiamo considerare queste profezie come una serie di messaggi provenienti direttamente da Lui. Come leggerete nel terzo capitolo, le profezie hanno una grande varietà di fonti, che risalgono tutte al nostro Creatore, ma quando noi, fallibili essere umani, ci accingiamo a tradurle e a comunicarle, a volte capita che ci sbagliamo”<|endoftext|>Coal meanings in Urdu
Please find 5 English and definitions related to the word Coal.
- (verb) : burn to charcoal
- (noun) : fossil fuel consisting of carbonized vegetable matter deposited in the Carboniferous period
- (verb) : supply with coal
- (verb) : take in coal
- (noun) : a hot fragment of wood or coal that is left from a fire and is glowing or smoldering
More words from Urdu related to Coal
View an extensive list of words below that are related to the meanings of the word Coal meanings in Urdu in Urdu.
Idioms with the word Coal in it
What are the meanings of Coal in Urdu?
Meanings of the word Coal in Urdu are کوالہ - ko elah and کوئلہ - Koyla. To understand how would you translate the word Coal in Urdu, you can take help from words closely related to Coal or it’s Urdu translations. Some of these words can also be considered Coal synonyms. In case you want even more details, you can also consider checking out all of the definitions of the word Coal. If there is a match we also include idioms & quotations that either use this word or its translations in them or use any of the related words in English or Urdu translations. These idioms or quotations can also be taken as a literary example of how to use Coal in a sentence. If you have trouble reading in Urdu we have also provided these meanings in Roman Urdu.
We have tried our level best to provide you as much detail on how to say Coal in Urdu as possible so you could understand its correct English to Urdu translation. We encourage everyone to contribute in adding more meanings to MeaningIn Dictionary by adding English to Urdu translations, Urdu to Roman Urdu transliterations and Urdu to English Translations. This will improve our English to Urdu Dictionary, Urdu to English dictionary, English to Urdu Idioms translation and Urdu to English Idioms translations. Although we have added all of the meanings of Coal with utmost care but there could be human errors in the translation. So if you encounter any problem in our translation service please feel free to correct it at the spot. All you have to do is to click here and submit your correction.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
What do you mean by coal?
Meanings of coal are کوالہ - ko elah and کوئلہ - Koyla
Whats the definition of coal?
Definition of the coal are
- burn to charcoal
- fossil fuel consisting of carbonized vegetable matter deposited in the Carboniferous period
- supply with coal
- take in coal
- a hot fragment of wood or coal that is left from a fire and is glowing or smoldering
What is the synonym of coal?
Synonym of word coal are charcoal, coal whipper, quillais, coalpit, coalhole, coalbin
What are the idioms with the word coal?
Here are the idioms with the word coal in them.
- Carrying coal to newcastle
- To carry coal to newcastle
What are the quotes with word coal?
Here are the quotes with the word coal in them
- I didn't know a time when there wasn't a war because I spent all my time from the age of two or three to eight in a coal cellar really. — David Bailey
- I wanted to be a forest ranger or a coal man. At a very early age, I knew I didn't want to do what my dad did, which was work in an office. — Harrison Ford
- It proved easier to buy the farm to get the mineral rights than to buy the coal rights alone. — Orville Redenbacher
- Holding on to anger is like grasping a hot coal with the intent of throwing it at someone else you are the one who gets burned. — Buddha<|endoftext|>08 Eylül 2005 Perşembe 00:00
299 Okunma
Ehl?i sünnetin iki itikad imamından biridir. İsmi, Ali bin İsmail'dir. Künyesi, Ebu'l?Hasen'dir. 260 veya 266 (m. 879) senesinde Basra'da doğdu. 324 veya 330 (m. 941) da Bağdat'ta vefat etti. Basra kapısı ile Kerh arasındaki kabristana defnedildi. Soyu, Eshab?ı kiramdan büyük bir sahabeye dayanmakta olup, şeceresi şöyledir: Ali bin İsmail bin İshak bin Sâlim bin İsmail bin Abdullah bin Musa bin Bilal bin Ebi Bürde bin Ebu Müsel?Eşari'dir.
~|~
İmam?ı Eşari, üvey babası ile mutezile kelamcılarından olan Ebu Ali Cübbai'nin talebesi olduğundan, bu bozuk yol üzerine yetiştirilmişti. 40 yaşına kadar mutezile fırkasında bulundu. Bu fırkanın meşhurlarından oldu. 40 yaşından sonra, Ramazan?ı şerifte gördüğü rüyada Peygamber efendimizin emri üzerine, bu bozuk yoldan dönüp, ehli sünnet itikadına girdi.
Bu rüyasından sonra onbeş gün evinden çıkmadı. Meseleleri derinlemesine inceleyip, gözden geçirdi. Sonra Basra Camii'ne gidip, kürsüye çıktı. O sırada mutezile bozuk yolunun meşhur ve kuvvetli âlimlerinden sayılan ve böyle bilinen imam?ı Eşari, kürsüden cemaate şöyle hitab edip: "Ey insanlar! Çoktan beri size görünmez oldum. Dikkatle düşündüm. İnsafla inceledim. Yanımdaki delilleri gözden geçirdim. Tercih hususunda zorlandım. Sonunda Allahü teâlâdan beni hidayete, doğru yola kavuşturmasını istedim, dua ettim. Allahü teâlâ beni hidayete, doğru yola kavuşturdu. Mutezile yoluna ait itikadlarımın hepsinden vazgeçip, kurtuldum" diyerek, Ehl?i sünnet itikadına girdiğini herkese ilan etti.
Önceden mutezile yolu üzere yazdıklarını ve bildirdiklerini iptal etti. Ehl?i sünnet itikadı üzere kitaplar yazıp, dağıttı, ömrünün sonuna kadar bu doğru itikadın yayılması için uğraştı
Ebu'l?Haseni Eşari hazretlerinin Ehl?i sünnet mezhebine geçmesi ile, kelam ilmi, mutezilenin elinden kurtulmuş oldu. Onların elinde tehlikeli ve zararlı iken, doğru yolda gidenlere rehber oldu. Onun Ehl?i sünnete geçmesi, Ehl?i sünnet itikadının yayılmasında büyük bir zafer olmuştur. O zaman tesirli ve zararlı olan mutezile yolu mensupları, imam?ı Eşari hazretleri tarafından susturulmuştur. Onları öyle zorlayıp sıkıştırdı ki, hepsi küçük ve güçsüz karıncalar gibi kaldılar. Daha önce hocası olan mutezilenin ileri gelenlerinden Ebu Ali Cübbai ile yaptığı münazarada onu mağlup etti. Çok meşhur olmasına rağmen, Eşari hazretlerinin karşısında cevap vermekten aciz kaldı.
Ebu Sehl Sulûki şöyle anlatır:
"Basra'da bir mecliste Ebu'l?Hasen Eşari ile mutezililer arasında çetin bir münazara oldu. Mutezililer çok kalabalıktı. Onunla münazaraya giren herkes yeniliyor, susmak mecburiyetinde kalıyordu. Öyle oldu ki, o gün artık kimse onun karşısına çıkamadı. İkinci defa böyle bir münazara için gittiğimizde, mutezileden kimse gelmemiş, münazaraya cesaret edememişlerdi. Bunun üzerine bir zat imam?ı Eşari'ye, "Firar ettiler, kaçtılar yaz, kapıya as" dedi.
İmam?ı Eşari hazretleri; tefsir, hadis ve fıkıh ilmini zamanın meşhur âlimlerinden olan Zekeriyya bin Yahya es?Saci'den, Ebu Halife el?Cumhi, Sehl bin Serh, Muhammed bin Yaküb el?Mukri, Abdurrahman bin Halef ed?Dabi'den öğrenmiştir.<|endoftext|>Ilkokul da sosyal etkinlikler kısmı nasıl olacak arkadaşlar?Bir de 4.sinif notları otomatik geçecek ama öğretmen yine de diğer bölümleri kendi doldurması lazım değil mi?Karne gorusu davrania notu gibi.
Sosyal Etkinlikler Yönetmeliğinde değişiklik yapıldı, uzaktan eğitimde yapılan çalışmalar kabul ediliyor.
Uzaktan eğitimde 23 Nisan, 19 Mayıs, Öğretmenler Günü, Çanakkale Zaferi, Orman Haftası. vs. etkinlikler yaptıysanız ya da sanal müze gezileri yaptıysanız bunları yazabilirsiniz.<|endoftext|>|Layer 4. Protocol mapping|
|Layer 3. Common services|
|Layer 2. Network|
|Fibre Channel fabric|
Fibre Channel zoning
Registered state change notification
|Layer 1. Data link|
|Fibre Channel 8b/10b encoding|
|Layer 0. Physical|
Switched fabric or switching fabric is a network topology in which network nodes interconnect via one or more network switches (particularly crossbar switches). Because a switched fabric network spreads network traffic across multiple physical links, it yields higher total throughput than broadcast networks, such as the early 10BASE5 version of Ethernet and most wireless networks such as Wi-Fi.
The generation of high-speed serial data interconnects that appeared in 2001–2004 which provided point-to-point connectivity between processor and peripheral devices are sometimes referred to as fabrics; however, they lack features such as a message-passing protocol. For example, HyperTransport, the computer processor interconnect technology, continues to maintain a processor bus focus even after adopting a higher speed physical layer. Similarly, PCI Express is just a serial version of PCI; it adheres to PCI's host/peripheral load/store direct memory access (DMA)-based architecture on top of a serial physical and link layer.
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2,994 | 7 | 2 |
neden gruplar ve periyotlarının önemli olduğunu anlamak.
İyonlaşma enerjisi ve elektron ilgisi değerlerinin elementlerin kimyasal davranışları üzerindeki etkilerini anlamak.etiketlerini kapsamaktadır.
Değerli öğretmenlerimiz, isterseniz sistemimizde kayıtlı binlerce sorudan 11.Sınıf Kimya dersi için sınav-yazılı hazırlama robotu ile ücretsiz olarak beş dakika içerisinde istediğiniz soru sayısında, soru tipinde ve zorluk derecesinde sınav oluşturabilirsiniz. Yazılı robotu için Sınav Robotu tıklayın.<|endoftext|>Guru Nanak Dev formalized three basic guidelines for Sikhs which if one strived to achieve, would result in spiritual elevation and happiness.
Naam, Naam Japo, Naam Jaap or Naam Japna – is the remembrance of God by repeating and focussing the mind on His name or identity. The guideline in the Rehit Mariyada of Guru Gobind Singh demands that the Sikh engages in Naam Simran as part of everyday routine.
It is also regarded as the way in which humans can conquer ego, greed, attachment, anger and lust, together commonly called the Five Evils or Five Thieves and to bring peace and tranquility into one’s mind.
Sikhs practice both the quiet individual recitation of Naam in one’s mind commonly referred to as Naam Simran or the audible and often communal recitation of Naam that is called Naam Jaap.
Naam is not mere repetition of God’s name. It stands for attributes.
To work and earn by the sweat of the brow in an honest way, to live a family way of life, and practice truthfulness and honesty in all dealings is what Kirat Karni stands for.
They are meant to serve as an instruction to carry out good deeds and earn an honest livelihood by exercising ones God given skills, abilities and talents for the benefit of themselves and the world at large.
WAND KAY SHAKO
The term “Wand kay Shako” means to share one’s wealth with others in the community, to give to charity, to distribute in Langar (free Kitchen) and to generally help others in the community who need help.
A Sikh is expected to contribute at least 10% of their wealth/income called Dasvandh to the needy people of the world or to a worthy cause. This concept acknowledges the fact that everything that one receives is by God’s Will or Hukam. And when one receives more than one can consume, then this gift must be shared with the community especially people who are needy and have lesser.<|endoftext|>By Irena Guidikova*
The rate of international migration dramatically changes the cultural make-up of cities and societies across the world. However, the rapid rate and large scope of migration and xenophobic political discourse fuel identity fears and threaten the cohesion and stability of societies. Since stopping migration is not an option, effective inclusion and diversity management strategies become essential.
In the 21st century, diversity policies are as necessary for city managers as ensuring that utilities or garbage collection work well; and intercultural skills are now increasingly recognised as a key element of personal and professional literacy.
In the past, migrant integration policies have not been systematically accompanied by diversity management policies. Migrants were either expected to stay at the margins of society, as guest-workers, and then leave, or blend in with the rest of society and leave their cultural baggage behind. Integration policies have achieved much in terms of nominal migrants’ social rights, employment and, in some countries, civic rights.
Interculturalism adopts many aspects of multiculturalism, from the celebration of diversity to the emphasis on integration and social inclusion. But it places a strong emphasis on intercultural dialogue and interaction, fostering a sense of common purpose and cohesion, unlike multiculturalism which has been accused of nourishing cultural divides and isolation.
Interculturalism has been conceptualised by the 2008 Council of Europe White Paper on Intercultural Dialogue. “It proposes a conception based on individual human dignity. If there is a European identity to be realised, it will be based on shared fundamental values, respect for common heritage and cultural diversity as well as respect for the equal dignity of every individual. Intercultural dialogue has an important role to play in this regard. It allows us to prevent ethnic, religious, linguistic and cultural divides. It enables us to deal with our different identities constructively and democratically on the basis of shared universal values.”
The value of interculturalism lies in its positive impact on both economic development and social cohesion, without the need for additional investment or public resources. It deals with the symbolic aspects of managing diversity as much as with policy-making and institutional aspects. In many of the liberal, socially-minded European countries, newcomers and their descendants benefit from generous welfare support and access to public services.
However, these benefits are often set off by a negative public attitude to migrants as a drain on public resources and as individuals with a very low potential to contribute to society economically, socially and culturally. These perceptions, reflected in the political discourse and media, create alienation and discourage migrants to get deeply engaged with their host society. The lack of cultural reciprocity – for instance in terms of recognising the value of migrants’ own languages – is a key obstacle to inclusion.
Take the case of education. The key aspects of the intercultural approach to education are: the mixing of pupils from diverse backgrounds combined with educational activities to enhance contacts, mutual understanding and recognition of diversity as an asset; the employment of teachers with diverse backgrounds to enhance both cultural sensitivity and provide role models; intercultural competence training of teachers; close links (v) and interaction between the school and the diverse local community.
Successful culturally diverse schools share many common features and principles, but do not necessarily apply the same methods. For instance in an ethnically-mixed school in the Groenewoud district in the Netherlands, the headmaster made it a matter of policy not to display any material or to teach anything referring to the countries of origin of the children. The headmaster of Tilburg’s Rainbow took a very different view and believed it was essential for kids to retain their knowledge of parental culture as part of a rounded education.
To conclude, interculturalism is a holistic approach to diversity management encompassing urban governance and most local policy areas. It is a long-term process which involves action at the symbolic, policy and structural levels. City leadership can gain credibility and make an important symbolic gesture in favour of diversity and inclusion – for example when the Mayor of Lisbon moved his office from the seafront Mayoral Palace to the diverse and poor neighbourhood of Moraria.
Quick wins are sometimes necessary to create a local coalition of intercultural supporters and kick off a process, the transformation of perceptions and institutional practice takes time. What is important is to maintain momentum, embed the intercultural commitment in a strong partnership with civil society actors, including business and academia, and combine quick wins with a strategic approach. The sustainability of the intercultural approach is best guaranteed through law, as in Neuchâtel and Mexico City, or in special strategic documents as in Botkyrka, Limerick, Reggio Emilia, Barcelona and many other cities.
The adoption of interculturalism at the national level is slowed down by inertia, by the excessively partisan nature of national debates about migration and diversity, but also by a very real urban – rural divide. Cities, particularly those with a cosmopolitan identity, understand the benefits of diversity. Rural areas, as a rule much less culturally diverse are more sensitive to the risks of migration and diversity, conveyed in political and media discourse. But rural votes in most countries still determine national majorities.
Despite these and other challenges, intercultural integration has gained momentum in cities across Europe and beyond and is rapidly imposing itself as the policy paradigm to foster prosperity, cohesion and inclusion in the beginning of 21st century.
*Irena Guidikova is Head of Division at Council of Europe.
This post is an extract from an article published in issue 3 of UNITEE’s magazine, The New European, entitled “Divercities”. The complete online version can be read for free here.<|endoftext|>Nexa Resources是全球五大锌矿公司之一，也是巴西企业集团Votorantim SA的一部分。目前，该公司正通过与以色列IBI-Tech公司的国际合作关系，扩大其在创业和创新方面的业务。结合一个促进开放创新的模式，该伙伴关系将允许以色列的技术、解决方案、产品和服务的交流，能够应对Nexa在巴西和秘鲁业务的主要挑战。此外，它将把以色列的初创企业和企业家与这两个国家的矿业联系起来。
Nexa资源首席执行官Tito Martins表示，该计划旨在进一步发展Nexa的全球创新网络，并有机会进入著名的以色列创新生态系统。“以色列是创新的标杆，通过投资技术和创造新业务，已经建立了世界上最重要的中心之一。通过这种合作关系，我们将根据ESG方面确定帮助我们挖掘未来的解决方案，”他说。
另一个积极因素是，Nexa的开放式创新平台采矿实验室(Mining Lab)现在更加引人注目。自2016年以来，该平台旨在与其他几个行业的初创企业合作，促进新技术的开发，以应对矿业的挑战。六年来，有1400多名企业家报名，选定项目47个，与有意加速实施项目的企业家签订合同26个。
该平台目前正在继续开发和测试几个项目。一个很好的例子是来自Capitale集团的巴西公司ZEG，从事可再生能源。ZEG发明了一种创新的、具有专利的解决方案，可以将固体废物转化为蒸汽。该计划旨在通过一项技术减少化石燃料的使用，该技术已经取代了Nexa在Juiz de Fora (MG)的锌冶炼厂使用的多达65%的天然气。
该公司与另一家巴西初创公司Meantrix的合作在开发软件人工智能方面表现突出，该软件人工智能能够评估大型数据库，从而改善和进一步支持公司的决策过程。
Nexa的另一个全面实施的地下项目是加拿大岩体项目，该项目开发了一套硬件系统，用于测量和处理关于岩石中已存在断层的倾斜和方向的更可靠的岩土数据。<|endoftext|>Analisi
Tante riunioni, poche decisioni
2 anni fa -
lunedì 21 marzo 2016
Molte Banche centrali si sono riunite per decidere cosa fare, ma alla fine non ci sono stati grossi cambiamenti.
Il parere dei nostri esperti e le nostre valutazioni del rischio sono solo per gli abbonati.
Vuoi accedere?
Voglio accedere a questo contenuto!<|endoftext|>Quest'articolo è disponibile anche in: Inglese
“Ho tre sfide da rivolgere a coloro che hanno proposto l’accordo commerciale transatlantico. Se le rifiutano, rifiutano la democrazia.”
Niente minaccia la democrazia come lo strapotere delle corporazioni. In nessun ambito esse agiscono tanto liberamente quanto in quello degli accordi tra nazioni, in quanto qui non c’è concorrenza. Ad eccezione del Parlamento europeo, non esistono altri casi di democrazia transnazionale. Tutti gli altri organismi sovranazionali, il Fondo Monetario, la Banca Mondiale, le Nazioni Unite, le organizzazioni commerciali ecc, lavorano sul principio della democrazia fotocopiata (il presunto consenso viene trasferito, copiato, verso istituzioni più remote e sempre meno trasparenti) o dell’assenza totale di democrazia.
Quando tutto è stato globalizzato, tranne il nostro consenso, sono le corporazioni a riempire il vuoto. In un sistema che nessun governo ha interesse a riformare, il potere globale è spesso poco distinguibile da quello delle corporazioni, esercitato attraverso accordi presi dietro le quinte tra burocrati e lobbisti.
Così sono iniziati i negoziati per il TTIP, il Partenariato trans-atlantico per il commercio e gli investimenti. Il TTIP è un accordo tra Unione Europea e Stati Uniti descritto come “l’accordo commerciale più importante del mondo”. I lobbisti delle corporazioni si sono segretamente vantati che “contribuiranno insieme alla stesura delle regole” di questo accordo. Ma, dopo che alcune di queste regole sono trapelate, provocando l’indignazione della gente, gli attivisti della democrazia hanno iniziato a fare qualche concessione.
I negoziati sono appena ripresi e sentiamo di non volerne essere tagliati fuori.
Questo accordo ha poco a che vedere con la rimozione delle tasse commerciali (dazi). Come dichiara il responsabile per i negoziati dell’Unione, l’80% riguarda “ discussioni sulle regole che tutelano la sicurezza, la salute delle persone, l’ambiente, sicurezza finanziaria e protezione dei dati”. Discutere sulle regole significa allineare quelle delUnione con quelle degli Usa. Ma Karel De Gucht, il commissiario europeo al commercio, afferma che gli standard europei “non sono negoziabili”, e che non esiste nessun principio di “dare/avere”.
Un accordo internazionale senza uno scambio? Questo è un concetto da fiaba. Un accordo con gli Stati Uniti che non preveda una negoziazione? Questa non è una fiaba, questa è follia.
E’ impossibile allineare le norme da entrambe le parti dell’Atlantico senza negoziare. L’idea che le regole che governano le relazioni tra economia, cittadini e ambiente saranno negoziate dal basso verso l’alto, assicurando che le protezioni più forti in assoluto del blocco commerciale saranno applicate universalmente, non è credibile quando i governi di entrambe le parti dell’Atlantico hanno promesso di smembrare ciò che chiamano burocrazia. Ci saranno trattative eccome. E ci saranno accordi sul dare e avere. Il risultato sarà che molto probabilmente le regole saranno livellate. Credere che le cose andranno in modo diverso, significa vivere nel mondo dei balocchi.
Lo scorso mese il Financial Times scriveva che gli Stati Uniti stanno utilizzando questi negoziati per “spingere su un cambiamento fondamentale nel modo in cui le regole sono dettate in Europa per consentire ai grandi gruppi di ottenere dei vantaig”. Al principio, De Gucht ha detto che era “impossibile”. Poi ha smentito dicendo di “essere pronto a lavorare in quella direzione”. Menomale che non dovevano esserci tornaconti.
Ma non è la sola concessione che la democrazia deve fare affinché le corporazioni possano prendere. L’aspetto più pericoloso è l’insistenza da entrambe le parti su un meccanismo chiamato investor-state dispute settlement, ISDS, ovvero la risoluzione delle dispute tra uno stato e un investitore che consente alle corporazioni di denunciare i governi ad arbitrati off shore bypassando così i tribunali nazionali. Inserita in altri accordi commerciali, questa norma è stata introdotta per consentire ai grandi gruppi di evitare leggi che possano danneggiare la loro attività e il loro profitto: il pachaging semplice per le sigarette, regole finanziarie più limitanti, standar più severi sull’inquinamento dell’acqua e sulla salute, abbandono di combustibili fossili nel terreno.
All’inizio, De Gucht ci ha detto che non c’era niente di cui discutere. Ma a Gennaio, l’uomo che non fa accordi di dare/avere ha fatto una brusca inversione di marcia e ha promesso una pubblica consultazione di tre mesi sul ISDS a cominciare dai primi di Marzo. I negoziati sono ripresi lunedì ma nessuna traccia di consultazione fino ad ora. E resta ancora un grande quesito: una spiegazione credibile del perchè sia necessario questo meccanismo. Come ammette il ministro britannico che promuove il TTIP, Kenneth Clarke, “è stato creato per promuovere gli investimenti iun paesi in cui le regole sono imprevedibili”. Ma allora perchè inserirlo in un accordo tra Usa e Ue? Una relazione commissionata dal governo britannico ha rivelato che “sarà molto improbabile che l’ISDS incoraggi gli investimenti” e che produrrà “pochi vantaggi, o nessuno” per la Gran Bretagna. Ma potrebbe consentire ai grandi gruppi di entrambe le parti dell’oceano di citare qualsiasi governo si metta di mezzo.
A differenza di Karel De Gucht, io credo nel principio del dare/ avere. Quindi, invece di negare l’idea di per sé, qui ci sono alcune sfide da porre ai negoziatori che determinano la loro volontà di tutelare la democrazia.
Prima di tutto, le trattative tenutesi tra le parti saranno rese note solo dopo essere già state discusse. Sarebbe bello, se invece di trattarci come dei cretini accondiscendenti, ci dessero la possibilità di discutere di quelle posizioni e di poter considerare il loro impatto.
Secondariamente, ogni capitolo dell’accordo dovrebbe essere soggetto a un voto separato da parte del Parlamento europeo. Ad oggi, il parlamento sarà invitato unicamente ad adottare o rifiutare l’intero pacchetto, ma di fronte ad una complessità tale, questa è una scelta insensata.
Terzo, il TTIP dovrebbe contenere una clausola di provvisorietà. Dopo cinque anni potrebbe essere riconsiderato. Se si dovesse dimostrare fallimentare nelle promesse di un miglioramento economico o se dovesse di fatto ridurre la sicurezza pubblica o la previdenza sociale, dovrebbe essere cancellato. Capisco che questo possa suonare come minimo inconsueto, la maggior parte degli accordi di questo genere ha una “validità indeterminata”. Ma si può definire tutto ciò democratico?
Quindi, questa è la mia sfida a De Gucht e Clarke e agli altri che vogliono tapparci la bocca e farci ingoiare la pillola. Perchè non fare queste modifiche? Se le rifiuterete, come potrete continuare a parlare di tutela della democrazia e pubblico interesse? Che ne dite di un pò di dare e avere?
Tradotto da Eleonora Albini<|endoftext|>2 insanın yolunu; ya sevdiği ya da nefret ettiği şeyler birleştirir. İlkinden ortaklık, ikincisinden dostluk doğar. Nefretin bir araya getirdiği ilişkiler geçicidir ve her an ortakların birbirini kazıklaması riskini taşır. Sevdiğiniz bir şeyin etrafında gördüğünüz kimseler, aynı dünya görüşünü paylaştığınız için size zarar vermezler. Bilakis bu karşılaşma dostluklar üretir.
Örnek: Kedilerden nefret eden 2 kişi, ked
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2,994 | 7 | 3 |
۱۹۹۹ دريک کودتای بدون خون ريزی زمام امور را دردست گرفت و در ژوئن سال ۲۰۰۱ خود را رئيس جمهوری ناميد. متعاقبا ده ماه بعد، آقای مشرف در يک انتخابات بحث انگيزبه مدت پنج سال به رياست جمهوری پاکستان انتخاب شد.
واشنگتن به دنبال حملات تروريستی ۱۱ سپتامبر سال ۲۰۰۱، با تصويب لايحه عمده ای محدوديت های مربوط به صادرات اسلحه و کمک های نظامی به پاکستان و هند را لغو کرد.<|endoftext|>We all know that vibration is the cause of sound generation. But here my question is, Internally what happens in vibrating object which creates sound? I guess, generation of sound will be some where related to atomic level since any form of object (Solid, Liquid, Gas) can create sound.
The most common approach to model the sound radiation from a vibrating body is generaly the same as in all wave cases: continuity is the key. Let's say that a sphere is vibrating (changing it's volume periodically), then the acoustic velocity of the air particles just on the boundary with the body must be the same as the velocity of the sphere surface. It gives us boundary condition for solving the wave equations.
If your question is ment to be more focused on the vibrating body and aiming for atomic level, then phonon should be your keyword. But in that case your question is way too broad and it should be rephrased.
May I ask what you think of as sound?
If sound is the vibration of air- or in general any material agent- then sound is the sensation you get from the changes in the pressure of the air, it's what reaches your ear and then produces some signals interpreted in your brain. Sound is the vibration, not something produced by the vibration.
This vibration which is called by us sound is a mechanical wave define as a vibration in pressure or more general in particle displacement.
Hope this helps with your question.
Take your hand and move it. By moving your air, you moving the air. This is what a vibrating object does - it moves the air. Sound is just the movement of air (or a liquid or solid).<|endoftext|>Sağlık-Tıp Terimi Olarak Aminaz
Aminoasitlerin yapısındaki amino gruplarını parçalayıcı enzim.
Sağlık-Tıp Terimleri Sözlüğü (1477)
Aminoasitlerin yapısındaki amino gruplarını parçalayıcı enzim.
Sağlık-Tıp Terimleri Sözlüğü (1477)
Aminaz hakkında henüz yorum yazılmamış. Üstteki formu kullanarak ilk yorumu yazabilirsiniz.
Telepati :Beş duyu işe karışmaksızın düşüncelerin, bu duyuların üstünde bir yolla aktarılması....devamını oku
Süper Parazitlik :Herhangi bir parazit ile enfekte olan konağın yeniden aynı parazitle enfekte olmasıdır. Asc...devamını oku
Gastroenterit :İshalle seyreden mide barsak iltihabı....devamını oku
Elastin :Cilde esnekliğini veren ana bileşenidir. Güneşin zararları ciltteki elastinin bozulmasına n...devamını oku
Akciğer Röntgeni :Kalp ve solunum sisteminin ön değerlendirmesinde kullanılır....devamını oku
Malnutrisyon :Sağlık için şart olan, vitamin, mineral, protein ve benzeri maddelerin yetersiz alınmasında...devamını oku
Jugal :Elmacık kemiği....devamını oku
Beta Karoten :Bronzluğu koruyan güçlü bir antioksidan....devamını oku<|endoftext|>Grup üyeleri çok sayıda konuyu, görüş ve önerileri birçok kez oylama yaparak daha az sayıya indirmeye çalışırlar. Bu yöntemle nihai olarak en sona kalan öneriler arasından seçim yapılır. “Multivoting” kısaca birden çok oylama yaparak karar alınması için kullanılan bir tekniktir. Delphi tekniğinde “çoklu oylama” (multivoting) yönteminden genellikle istifade edilir.
Kaynak: Prof. Dr. Coşkun Can Aktan, “Geleceği Kazanmanın Yolu: Stratejik Yönetim”<|endoftext|>kalkmayan minik pipilerin egolarının çok büyük olma hali.
pipisiyle düşünmeyen adamdır hiç olmazsa. iyi bir şey olsa gerek karşı cins için.
gerektiğinden fazla egoya sahip her erkeğin başına gelir zira türkiyenin penis boyu ortalaması 14.1 cm olarak bilinmektedir.
ego nal gibi olmuşsa sorun peniste değildir.
(bkz: your ego is my lego
)<|endoftext|>Massachusetts Teknoloji Enstitüsü (MIT) araştırmacıları tarafından dünyanın ilk psikopat yapay zekası “Norman” geliştirildi. Tahmin ettiğimiz gibi adını, 60’lı yıllarda Alfred Hitchcock tarafından çekilen korku filmi Psycho’daki Norman Bates karakterinden alan Norman, Reddit kullanıcılarının kötü yorumlarıyla eğitildi.
Norman Bates‘ten ilham alınarak yapılan Norman; yapay zekaların eğitimleri için kullanılan veri kümesinin, davranışları nasıl etkileyebildiğini göstermek için tasarlandı. Bu bahsettiğimiz veri seti, isimlendirilmemiş bir alt dizinden gelen görüntülerin, “ölümün rahatsız edici gerçekliğini belgelemek ve gözlemlemek için adanmış” olduğunu belirtiyordu. Ardından Norman Rorschach testine tabi tutuldu ve oldukça ilginç sonuçlar verdi…
Norman’ın verdiği cevapları standart bir yapay zekanın verdiği cevaplarla karşılaştıran araştırmacılar, oldukça ilginç sonuçlar elde etti. Standart yapay zeka, betimlemesi için verilen resme, “Verilen siyah beyaz fotoğrafta beyzbol eldivenleri yer alıyor.” yorumunu yaparken Norman, “Bir adam gün ışığında makineli tüfek tarafından öldürüldü.” yorumunu yapmış. Standart yapay zeka, başka bir resim için “Bir kadın şemsiyesini açmış.” cevabını verirken, psikopat yapay zeka Norman, “Çığlık atan bir kadın var önünde de ölü kocası.” betimlemesini yapmış.
Ayrıca bu araştırma, belirli verileri bir algoritmayla beslemenin tehlikelerini ve bunun davranışları nasıl etkileyebileceğini göstermek amacıyla yapılmış.<|endoftext|>有专家指出，加拿大目前正处于技术劳工短缺的困境，这一现象正限制着商业的发展，要解决问题，了解劳工市场所缺技术类型，也是重要工作之一。
根据加拿大商业发展银行的民调数据，有53%的中、小型企业表示，劳工短缺问题会导致商业投资受到限制。
渥太华劳工市场技术委员会（Labour Market Information Council）的执行总监托宾（Steven Tobin）在接受CTV采访时指出，一直以来，人们常拿教育水平来衡量技术，但现在情况已经不同。
他指出：“技术并不等同于教育，劳工短缺和技术短缺亦存在区别。劳工短缺是指需要人手满足新岗位的要求，技术短缺是当公司开设一个职位，却在诸多申请中无法找到一个人，能够真正将公司的想法实践。”
他认为，必须找到更好的办法能够满足工人技术的供需。
最缺焊接机械电工
根据2018年ManpowerGroup的调查，41%雇主表示有招工难的问题。而其中多数工作要求仅为专上教育而不是大学学位。
焊接工、机械工及电工等是本国过去10年最短缺的职业，另外还包括销售代表(Sales Representative) 、司机、工程师等。
托宾又表示：“我们还需要做很多基础工作去了解本国需要的技术是什么，并且如何通过教育来补足。”
针对技工短缺问题，各联邦政党均表示会采取措施应对，包括加强技术培训、去除移民就业障碍等。但托宾认为，目前的工作重点应该放在如何更好地阐述岗位需求，让求职者有足够的渠道和信息采取相应行动。
新闻来源：加拿大都市网<|endoftext|>In 1787, the Constitutional Congress wrote, and in 1788, New Hampshire became the ninth state (of 12) to ratify the United States Constitution. It is breath-taking in both its brevity and its scope. In just a few pages, it created a federal government for the new United States of America. It is without doubt the greatest legal document ever written, and created the structure for the finest government ever created. Not since the Magna Carta was first signed in 1215 by King John of England, and later reaffirmed by King Edward I in 1297, has any document ever taken such far-reaching steps towards democracy.
The U. S. Constitution was so well conceived that it has been amended only 27 times, and two of those imposed and revoked Prohibition. There have only been 25 substantive amendments.
But when our forefathers wrote the Constitution, they neglected to include within it the very reason that the Revolutionary War was fought – to preserve those freedoms which had been granted to Englishmen five centuries before in the Magna Carta and to grant other freedoms as set forth in the Bill of Rights. But its genesis was the Magna Carta.
The Magna Carta was the first time that the King of England made himself and 'his heirs forever' subject to the law, and granted to all 'freemen' of England the rights and liberties of the kingdom. It provides, in pertinent part, that:
“No freemen shall be taken, imprisoned....or in any other way destroyed....except by the lawful judgment of his peers, or by
the law of the land. To no one will we sell, to none will we deny
or delay right or justice.”
When Englishmen began migrating to the new world, and established the original colonies, they brought with them the Magna Carta and declared that it granted them in America the same rights they possessed in England. It was only after several generations, when the English throne had consistently denied those rights, and sent its army to quell disruptions, that the Declaration of Independence was written and signed, and the Revolutionary War broke out. The colonists were fighting first for those rights and liberties which had been granted to them almost five centuries before, but also of necessity, for independence from an unjust England and to create a new nation in the 'new world'.
So in 1791, the first ten amendments to the Constitution were enacted by Congress and ratified by three-quarters of the states. Those ten amendments have come to be called The Bill of Rights because they guaranteed those individual liberties and freedoms, as well as much more.
But the process was still imperfect. The Bill of Rights applied only to the federal government. It did not apply to the states, territories, counties and municipalities of America. It was not until 1867, when the nation approved the 14th amendment, did it apply to all forms of government, and more notably, protect our freedoms and rights from all levels of government.
Now let me be clear about the ongoing existence of our Bill of Rights. The only group in the country that has successfully fought for and protected it is the criminal defense lawyers. Not the American Civil Liberties Union, which concerns itself more with civil rights than civil liberties. Not the courts. Certainly not law enforcement personnel. And not any city council, county government, state legislature or even Congress. I say this because government and law enforcement, at all levels, see these rights and freedoms as an interference to the exercise of their powers and authority. Damn those pesky rights! They interfere with the smooth and easy control of the populace, which is the purpose of law. But without them, we may as well revert to an England before the Magna Carta or the Star Chambers of the Spanish Inquisition.
No one else in the world enjoys the rights that we are granted, but understand that governments at all levels seek to ignore them and take them away. It is the criminal defense lawyers who have preserved them.
So let's look at each of the ten amendments to see what protection and freedoms they give us.<|endoftext|>۵ آذر(قوس)۱۴۰۲-۲۰۲۳/۱۱/۲۶
سفارت افغانستان در دهلی نو در روز ۲۴ نوامبر تعطیلی دائمی خود را بیش از ۲۷ ماه پس از آن که طالبان قدرت را در کابل به دست گرفتند، اعلام کرد. این سفارت قبل از این نیز از توقف فعالیت خود در پایتخت هند به دلیل عدم حمایت از سوی دهلی نو و وزارت خارجه تحت رهبری طالبان خبر داده بود. در بیانیه سفارت جمهوری اسلامی افغانستان در هند آمده است که «سفارت جمهوری اسلامی افغانستان در دهلی نو با تأسف، تعطیلی دائمی نمایندگی خود در دهلی نو از تاریخ ۲۳ نوامبر ۲۰۲۳ به دلیل چالش های مداوم اعلام می کند». این درحالی است که این سفارت بیش از دو سال بود که به طور مستقل در دهلی نو فعالیت می کرد. در ادامه این بیانیه نیز آمده که سفارت با وجود محدودیت در منابع و قدرت، به طور خستگی ناپذیر برای بهبود در غیاب یک دولت قانونی در کابل تلاش کرده است. براساس بیانیه سفارت، در بیست و هفت ماه گذشته، جامعه افغان در هند کاهش قابل توجهی را تجربه کرده است. در این بیانیه همچنین آمده است که ما به جامعه افغانستان اطمینان می دهیم که این ماموریت با شفافیت، پاسخگویی و تعهد به رفتار عادلانه براساس حسن نیت و منافع افغانستان با درنظر گرفتن روابط تاریخی و روابط دو جانبه با هند عمل کرده است. در این میان باید گفت که این نخستین بار نیست که سفارت کابل در هند خبرساز شده است. پیش از این نیز این سفارت پیرامون اعطای آن به نمایندگان طالبان نیز جنجال آفرین شده بود.
اما تعطیلی سفارت هند درحالی صورت گرفته که طالبان در تلاش برای به دست گرفتن نمایندگی های افغانستان در خارج از کشور و گسترش روابط دیپلماتیک خود با کشورهای بیشتری هستند. به طوری که طالبان در میان انزوای بین المللی بیش از ۱۴ ماموریت دیپلماتیک را به دست گرفته اند. از طرف دیگر، امارت اسلامی برخلاف تجربه نخست حکومت داری خود در دهه نود که به صورت محدود روابط خود را با دولت ها در پیش گرفته اند اما به نظر می رسد اکنون برای ایفای نقش بیشتر در صحنه بین المللی و همراهی سایر کشورها با خود حتی روی به سمت بازیگرانی گردانیده اند که پیشینه خصومت آمیزی با آنها داشته اند. در این میان هند ازجمله کشورهایی است که طالبان این بار روی آن سرمایه گذاری کرده اند. این درحالی است که هند نیز به این درک رسیده اند که در شرایط کنونی عدم تعامل با طالبان می تواند به جایگاه این کشور در صحنه سیاست منطقه ای و بین المللی لطمه وارد کند. با این حال، با تعطیل شدن سفارت افغانستان در دهلی این پرسش خلق می شود که آیا هند این سفارت را به نمایندگان طالبان واگذار خواهد کرد؟
هند و طالبان از دشمنی تا دوستی
قبل از تسلط طالبان، هند از روابط عالی با دولت اشرف غنی در کابل برخوردار بود و بین دو طرف همکاری های گسترده ای صورت گرفته بود. به طوری که مسیرهای همکاری شامل آموزش نیروهای امنیتی افغانستان، تقویت تجارت دو جانبه و سرمایه گذاری در پروژه های توسعه بود. چنانچه که سرمایه گذاری های مستمر هند، مجموعاً ۳ میلیارد دلار با هدف تقویت زیرساخت ها در مواردی مانند آب و جاده و تقویت سیستم پارلمانی در کابل انجام شده بود.با این وجود، از زمانی که طالبان قدرت را به دست گرفتند و علی رغم انتقاد از ایدئولوژی طالبان و روابط بدنام این گروه با القاعده، هند از نزدیک بر تسلط طالبان بر کابل نظارت داشته است. چرا که این کشور در مورد به خطر انداختن سرمایه گذاری های قابل توجه خود در افغانستان محتاط است. که شامل حدود ۳ میلیارد دلار زیرساخت شهری، ازجمله بزرگراه ۲۱۸ کیلومتری زرنج-دلارام است که افغانستان را از طریق میلاک در ایران به بندر چابهار متصل می کند و دسترسی آسیای میانه را به هند باز می کند. از این همین رو تعامل دیپلماتیک خود را با طالبان حفظ کرد و سفارت خود را در کابل بازگشایی کرد. بعدتر برای حسن نیت از طریق کمک به افغانستان در طی بحران انسانی و اقتصادی به وجود آمده، پرداخت. این درحالی است که نگرانی های امنیتی هند نیز در این مسیر مهم بوده است. چراکه به نظر می رسد هند مانند سایر کشورهای منطقه از پتانسیل طالبان، تی تی پی و القاعده برای جلوگیری از فعالیت گروه هایی مانند داعش در افغانستان به عنوان سکوی پرشی برای عملیات های فراملی آگاه است. در نتیجه، به نظر می رسد که هند رویکرد خود را به سمت طالبان تغییر داده است. این درحالی است که در دو دهه گذشته یکی از کشورهایی بود که نگاهی مثبت در میان شهروندان افغانستان داشت. اما پس از به قدرت رسیدن طالبان اعطای ویزا به دانشجویان افغان را متوقف کرد و ویزاهای موجود را لغو کرد و حدود ۲۰۰۰دانشجوی افغان را از بازگشت به هند و ادامه تحصیل منع کرد. برخی از دانشجویان افغان حتی ادعا می کنند که در دانشگاه هند به عنوان تروریست برچسب زده شده اند (lowyinstitue,2023).
در ادامه باید گفت تغییر در رویکرد هند را زمانی می توان یافت که در ماه فوریه ۲۰۲۳، بودجه هند برای سال ۲۰۲۳، ۲۰۰ کرور روپیه برای کمک به افغانستان اختصاص داد. این نشان می دهد که تعامل طالبان با هند تا چه اندازه پیشرفت کرده است، حتی درحالی که دهلی نو هنوز به طور رسمی رژیم کابل را به رسمیت نشناخته است. این در تضاد کامل با موضعی است که هند در دوره قبلی قدرت طالبان از سال ۱۹۹۶ تا ۲۰۰۱ زمانی که رژیم توسط ائتلاف به رهبری آمریکا سرنگون شد، اتخاذ کرد. پس از خروج نظامیان آمریکایی در ماه اوت سال گذشته و سقوط حکومت افغانستان، طالبان به قدرت بازگشتند و موقعیت دیپلماتیک هند در هاله ای از ابهام قرار دادند. با این حال، از آن زمان به بعد، هند گام های کوچکی در جهت ایجاد رابطه کاری با دولت تحت حاکمیت طالبان در افغانستان برداشته است. که علت آن را می توان ترکیبی از نگرانی های ژئوپلتیک و استراتژیک دانست. هند حضور دیپلماتیک قابل توجهی در افغانستان داشته و برای مدت طولانی براساس روابط تاریخی و فرهنگی با این کشور رابطه نزدیک داشته است. این رابطه نیز با هدف دور زدن پاکستان بوده است. هند هرگز در اولین دولت طالبان در افغانستان در دهه نود این گروه را
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the revelation and can neither deceive nor be deceived.
3. Faith, declares the Apostle, is the assurance of things hoped for, the conviction of things not seen .
4. Nevertheless, in order that the submission of our faith should be in accordance with reason, it was God's will that there should be linked to the internal assistance of the Holy Spirit external indications of his revelation, that is to say divine acts, and first and foremost miracles and prophecies, which clearly demonstrating as they do the omnipotence and infinite knowledge of God, are the most certain signs of revelation and are suited to the understanding of all.
5. Hence Moses and the prophets, and especially Christ our lord himself, worked many absolutely clear miracles and delivered prophecies; while of the apostles we read: And they went forth and preached every, while the Lord worked with them and confirmed the message by the signs that attended it . Again it is written: We have the prophetic word made more sure; you will do well to pay attention to this as to a lamp shining in a dark place .
6. Now, although the assent of faith is by no means a blind movement of the mind, yet no one can accept the gospel preaching in the way that is necessary for achieving salvation without the inspiration and illumination of the Holy Spirit, who gives to all facility in accepting and believing the truth .
7. And so faith in itself, even though it may not work through charity, is a gift of God, and its operation is a work belonging to the order of salvation, in that a person yields true obedience to God himself when he accepts and collaborates with his grace which he could have rejected.
8. Wherefore, by divine and Catholic faith all those things are to be believed which are contained in the word of God as found in Scripture and tradition, and which are proposed by the Church as matters to be believed as divinely revealed, whether by her solemn judgment or in her ordinary and universal magisterium.
9. Since, then, without faith it is impossible to please God and reach the fellowship of his sons and daughters, it follows that no one can ever achieve justification without it, neither can anyone attain eternal life unless he or she perseveres in it to the end.
10. So that we could fulfill our duty of embracing the true faith and of persevering unwaveringly in it, God, through his only begotten Son, founded the Church, and he endowed his institution with clear notes to the end that she might be recognized by all as the guardian and teacher of the revealed word.
11. To the Catholic Church alone belong all those things, so many and so marvelous, which have been divinely ordained to make for the manifest credibility of the Christian faith.
12. What is more, the Church herself by reason of her astonishing propagation, her outstanding holiness and her inexhaustible fertility in every kind of goodness, by her Catholic unity and her unconquerable stability, is a kind of great and perpetual motive of credibility and an incontrovertible evidence of her own divine mission.
13. So it comes about that, like a standard lifted up for the nations , she both invites to herself those who have not yet believed, and likewise assures her sons and daughters that the faith they profess rests on the firmest of foundations.
14. To this witness is added the effective help of power from on high. For, the kind Lord stirs up those who go astray and helps them by his grace so that they may come to the knowledge of the truth ; and also confirms by his grace those whom he has translated into his admirable light , so that they may persevere in this light, not abandoning them unless he is first abandoned.
15. Consequently, the situation of those, who by the heavenly gift of faith have embraced the Catholic truth, is by no means the same as that of those who, led by human opinions, follow a false religion; for those who have accepted the faith under the guidance of the Church can never have any just cause for changing this faith or for calling it into question.
This being so, giving thanks to God the Father who has made us worthy to share with the saints in light let us not neglect so great a salvation , but looking unto Jesus the author and finisher of our faith , let us hold the unshakable confession of our hope .
1. The perpetual agreement of the Catholic Church has maintained and maintains this too: that there is a twofold order of knowledge, distinct not only as regards its source, but also as regards its object.
2. With regard to the source, we know at the one level by natural reason, at the other level by divine faith.
3. With regard to the object, besides those things to which natural reason can attain, there are proposed for our belief mysteries hidden in God which, unless they are divinely revealed, are incapable of being known.
Wherefore, when the Apostle, who witnesses that God was known to the gentiles from created things , comes to treat of the grace and truth which came by Jesus Christ , he declares: We impart a secret and hidden wisdom of God, which God decreed before the ages for our glorification. None of the rulers of this age understood this. God has revealed it to us through the Spirit. For the Spirit searches everything, even the depths of God . And the Only-begotten himself, in his confession to the Father, acknowledges that the Father has hidden these things from the wise and prudent and revealed them to the little ones .
4. Now reason, does indeed when it seeks persistently, piously and soberly, achieve by God's gift some understanding, and that most profitable, of the mysteries, whether by analogy from what it knows naturally, or from the connection of these mysteries with one another and with the final end of humanity; but reason is never rendered capable of penetrating these mysteries in the way in which it penetrates those truths which form its proper object.
For the divine mysteries, by their very nature, so far surpass the created understanding that, even when a revelation has been given and accepted by faith, they remain covered by the veil of that same faith and wrapped, as it were, in a certain obscurity, as long as in this mortal life we are away from the Lord, for we walk by faith, and not by sight .
5. Even though faith is above reason, there can never be any real disagreement between faith and reason, since it is the same God who reveals the mysteries and infuses faith, and who has endowed the human mind with the light of reason.
6. God cannot deny himself, nor can truth ever be in opposition to truth. The appearance of this kind of specious contradiction is chiefly due to the fact that either the dogmas of faith are not understood and explained in accordance with the mind of the Church, or unsound views are mistaken for the conclusions of reason.
7. Therefore we define that every assertion contrary to the truth of enlightened faith is totally false .
8. Furthermore the Church which, together with its apostolic office of teaching, has received the charge of preserving the deposit of faith, has by divine appointment the right and duty of condemning what wrongly passes for knowledge, lest anyone be led astray by philosophy and empty deceit .
9. Hence all faithful Christians are forbidden to defend as the legitimate conclusions of science those opinions which are known to be contrary to the doctrine of faith, particularly if they have been condemned by the Church; and furthermore they are absolutely bound to hold them to be errors which wear the deceptive appearance of truth.
10. Not only can faith and reason never be at odds with one another but they mutually support each other, for on the one hand right reason established the foundations of the faith and, illuminated by its light, develops the science of divine things; on the other hand, faith delivers reason from errors and protects it and furnishes it with knowledge of many kinds.
11. Hence, so far is the Church from hindering the development of human arts and studies, that in fact she assists and promotes them in many ways. For she is neither ignorant nor contemptuous of the advantages which derive from this source for human life, rather she acknowledges that those things flow from God, the lord of sciences, and, if they are properly used, lead to God by the help of his grace.
12. Nor does the Church forbid these studies to employ, each within its own area, its own proper principles and method: but while she admits this just freedom, she takes particular care that they do not become infected with errors by conflicting with divine teaching, or, by going beyond their proper limits, intrude upon what belongs to faith and engender confusion.
13. For the doctrine of the faith which God has revealed is put forward not as some philosophical discovery capable of being perfected by human intelligence, but as a divine deposit committed to the spouse of Christ to be faithfully protected and infallibly promulgated.
14. Hence, too, that meaning of the sacred dogmas is ever to be maintained which has once been declared by Holy mother Church, and there must never be any abandonment of this sense under the pretext or in the name of a more profound understanding.
May understanding, knowledge and wisdom increase as ages and centuries roll along, and greatly and vigorously flourish, in each and all, in the individual and the whole Church: but this only in its own proper kind, that is to say, in the same doctrine, the same sense, and the same understanding .
1. On God the creator of all things
1. If anyone denies the one true God, creator and lord of things visible and invisible: let him be anathema.
2. If anyone is so bold as to assert that there exists nothing besides matter: let him be anathema.
3. If anyone says that the substance or essence of God and that of all things are one and the same: let him be anathema.
4. If anyone says that finite things, both corporal and spiritual, or at any rate, spiritual, emanated from the divine substance; or that the divine essence, by the manifestation and evolution of itself becomes all things or, finally, that God is a universal or indefinite being which by self determination establishes the totality of things distinct in genera, species and individuals: let him be anathema.
5. If anyone does not confess that the world and all things which are contained in it, both spiritual and material, were produced, according to their whole substance, out of nothing by God; or holds that God did not create by his will free from all necessity, but as necessarily as he necessarily loves himself; or denies that the world was created for the glory of God: let him be anathema.
2. On revelation
1. If anyone says that the one, true God, our creator and lord, cannot be known with certainty from the things that have been made, by the natural light of human reason: let him be anathema.
2. If anyone says that it is impossible, or not expedient, that human beings should be taught by means of divine revelation about God and the worship that should be shown him : let him be anathema.
3. If anyone says that a human being cannot be divinely elevated to a knowledge and perfection which exceeds the natural, but of himself can and must reach finally the possession of all truth and goodness by continual development: let him be anathema.
4. If anyone does not receive as sacred and canonical the complete books of Sacred Scripture with all their parts, as the holy Council of Trent listed them, or denies that they were divinely inspired : let him be anathema.
3. On faith
1. If anyone says that human reason is so independent that faith cannot be commanded by God: let him be anathema.
2. If anyone says that divine faith is not to be distinguished from natural knowledge about God and moral matters, and consequently that for divine faith it is not required that revealed truth should be believed because of the authority of God who reveals it: let him be anathema.
3. If anyone says that divine revelation cannot be made credible by external signs, and that therefore men and women ought to be moved to faith only by each one's internal experience or private inspiration: let him be anathema.
4. If anyone says that all miracles are impossible, and that therefore all reports of them, even those contained in Sacred Scripture, are to be set aside as fables or myths; or that miracles can never be known with certainty, nor can the divine origin of the Christian religion be proved from them: let him be anathema.
5. If anyone says that the assent to Christian faith is not free, but is necessarily produced by arguments of human reason; or that the grace of God is necessary only for living faith which works by charity: let him be anathema.
6. If anyone says that the condition of the faithful and those who have not yet attained to the only true faith is alike, so that Catholics may have a just cause for calling in doubt, by suspending their assent, the faith which they have already received from the teaching of the Church, until they have completed a scientific demonstration of the credibility and truth of their faith: let him be anathema.
4. On faith and reason
1. If anyone says that in divine revelation there are contained no true mysteries properly so-called, but that all the dogmas of the faith can be understood and demonstrated by properly trained reason from natural principles: let him be anathema.
2. If anyone says that human studies are to be treated with such a degree of liberty that their assertions may be maintained as true even when they are opposed to divine revelation, and that they may not be forbidden by the Church: let him be anathema.
3. If anyone says that it is possible that at some time, given the advancement of knowledge, a sense may be assigned to the dogmas propounded by the Church which is different from that which the Church has understood and understands: let him be anathema.
And so in the performance of our supreme pastoral office, we beseech for the love of Jesus Christ and we command, by the authority of him who is also our God and savior, all faithful Christians, especially those in authority or who have the duty of teaching, that they contribute their zeal and labor to the warding off and elimination of these errors from the Church and to the spreading of the light of the pure faith.
But since it is not enough to avoid the contamination of heresy unless those errors are carefully shunned which approach it in greater or less degree, we warn all of their duty to observe the constitutions and decrees in which such wrong opinions, though not expressly mentioned in this document, have been banned and forbidden by this Holy See.
First dogmatic constitution on the Church of Christ
Pius, bishop, servant of the servants of God, with the approval of the Sacred Council, for an everlasting record.
1. The eternal shepherd and guardian of our souls , in order to render permanent the saving work of redemption, determined to build a Church in which, as in the house of the living God, all the faithful should be linked by the bond of one faith and charity.
2. Therefore, before he was glorified, he besought his Father, not for the apostles only, but also for those who were to believe in him through their word, that they all might be one as the Son himself and the Father are one .
3. So then, just as he sent apostles, whom he chose out of the world , even as he had been sent by the Father , in like manner it was his will that in his Church there should be shepherds and teachers until the end of time.
4. In order, then, that the episcopal office should be one and undivided and that, by the union of the clergy, the whole multitude of believers should be held together in the unity of faith and communion, he set blessed Peter over the rest of the apostles and instituted in him the permanent principle of both unities and their visible foundation.
5. Upon the strength of this foundation was to be built the eternal temple, and the Church whose topmost part reaches heaven was to rise upon the firmness of this foundation .
6. And since the gates of hell trying, if they can, to overthrow the Church, make their assault with a hatred that increases day by day against its divinely laid foundation, we judge it necessary, with the approbation of the Sacred Council, and for the protection, defense and growth of the Catholic flock, to propound the doctrine concerning the 1. institution, 2. permanence and 3. nature of the sacred and apostolic primacy, upon which the strength and coherence of the whole Church depends.
7. This doctrine is to be believed and held by all the faithful in accordance with the ancient and unchanging faith of the whole Church.
8. Furthermore, we shall proscribe and condemn the contrary errors which are so harmful to the Lord's flock.
1. We teach and declare that, according to the gospel evidence, a primacy of jurisdiction over the whole Church of God was immediately and directly promised to the blessed apostle Peter and conferred on him by Christ the lord.
2. It was to Simon alone, to whom he had already said You shall be called Cephas , that the Lord, after his confession, You are the Christ, the son of the living God, spoke these words:
Blessed are you, Simon Bar-Jona. For flesh and blood has not revealed this to you, but my Father who is in heaven. And I tell you, you are Peter, and on this rock I will build my Church, and the gates of the underworld shall not prevail against it. I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven, and whatever you bind on earth shall be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven .
3. And it was to Peter alone that Jesus, after his resurrection, confided the
jurisdiction of Supreme Pastor and ruler of his whole fold, saying:
4. To this absolutely manifest teaching of the Sacred Scriptures, as it has always been understood by the Catholic Church, are clearly opposed the distorted opinions of those who misrepresent the form of government which Christ the lord established in his Church and deny that Peter, in preference to the rest of the apostles, taken singly or collectively, was endowed by Christ with a true and proper primacy of jurisdiction.
5. The same may be said of those who assert that this primacy was not conferred immediately and directly on blessed Peter himself, but rather on the Church, and that it was through the Church that it was transmitted to him in his capacity as her minister.
6. Therefore, if anyone says that blessed Peter the apostle was not appointed by Christ the lord as prince of all the apostles and visible head of the whole Church militant; or that it was a primacy of honor only and not one of true and proper jurisdiction that he directly and immediately received from our lord Jesus Christ himself: let him be anathema.
1. That which our lord Jesus Christ, the prince of shepherds and great shepherd of the sheep, established in the blessed apostle Peter, for the continual salvation and permanent benefit of the Church, must of necessity remain for ever, by Christ's authority, in the Church which, founded as it is upon a rock, will stand firm until the end of time .
2. For no one can be in doubt, indeed it was known in every age that the holy and most blessed Peter, prince and head of the apostles, the pillar of faith and the foundation of the Catholic Church, received the keys of the kingdom from our lord Jesus Christ, the savior and redeemer of the human race, and that to this day and for ever he lives and presides and exercises judgment in his successors the bishops of the Holy Roman See, which he founded and consecrated with his blood .
3. Therefore whoever succeeds to the chair of Peter obtains by the
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quando è colpa tua se si sente in questo modo, è necessario che tu sia paziente e poliziotto. Richiederà che le tue azioni mostrino la tua contrizione e presterà un’attenzione critica ai tuoi comportamenti per assicurarti che tu sia genuino e onesto.
Assicurati di essere consapevole di come sceglie di comportarsi con te. Dovrai consentire al tuo intuito di guidare le tue azioni, quindi considera il suo linguaggio del corpo e il tono della voce che influenzano il modo in cui rispondi a lui. Non ha interesse a nutrire una relazione che lo fa stare male, quindi assicurati di fare tutto il possibile per sollevarlo. Assicurati di consentire che la tua decisione sia basata sul suo piacere, in quanto ciò lo aiuterà a tirarlo fuori dal suo stato mentale depresso.
Trigger comuni per un uomo Leone
- Quando un uomo Leone si sente rifiutato o ignorato, potrebbe indurlo a concentrare la sua energia altrove. Quando ciò accade, un uomo Leone può scegliere di nutrire nuove relazioni sociali. Ciò potrebbe minare le sue attuali relazioni e far sì che coloro che sono nella sua vita si sentano incerti riguardo al loro posto nel suo futuro.
- Quando un uomo Leone si sente annoiato o insoddisfatto, potrebbe sentire di dover intraprendere un’azione drastica. Quando vuoi aiutare un uomo Leone depresso, dovrai riempirlo di energia ed eccitazione. Ciò assicurerà che non si isoli, poiché così facendo lo farà essere sopraffatto da emozioni negative.
- Quando un uomo Leone si sente mancato di rispetto o maltrattato, è possibile che metta fine alla relazione con chiunque gli abbia fatto sentire in questo modo. In generale, può avere molte relazioni su cui può concentrarsi, il che può mettere a rischio ogni relazione della sua vita. Se sei preoccupato che sia arrabbiato con te, allora è necessario che tu gli dimostri che ci tieni ai suoi sentimenti.
- Quando un uomo Leone si sente ansioso o preoccupato, potrebbe sentirsi incerto sul futuro. Se non è paralizzato dalla paura, allora può precipitarsi in azione senza considerazione. In ogni caso, la sua naturale sicurezza potrebbe essere minata dai suoi dubbi e preoccupazioni. Per sostenerlo in questo momento, assicurati di essere una presenza paziente e consapevole nella sua vita.<|endoftext|>در پی شیوع ویروس کرونا در برخی مناطق کشور که سلامت هموطنان را با تهدیداتی مواجه کرده است؛ سردار سرلشکر پاسدار حسین سلامی فرمانده کل سپاه پاسداران انقلاب اسلامی در تماس تلفنی با دکتر سعید نمکی وزیر بهداشت، درمان و آموزش پزشکی، از آمادگی سپاه برای هر گونه کمک به دستگاه ها و سازمان های متولی، در مقابله با ویروس کرونا و جلوگیری از شیوع گسترده این بیماری خبر داد.
سرلشکر سلامی در این تماس تلفنی از نقش آفرینی بسیج در اجرای طرح ملی واکسیناسیون فلج اطفال به عنوان الگو و تجربهای بسیار موفق و راهگشا یاد کرد و گفت: علاوه بر انجام اقدامات آموزشی در خصوص پیشگیری از شیوع بیماری، تمامی مجموعه های بهداشت و درمان سپاه اعم از دانشگاه علوم پزشکی، بیمارستان ها، مراکز درمانی و بسیج جامعه پزشکی به منظور ادامه خدمات و کمک برای مقابله با ویروس کرونا تا بازگشت شرایط به وضع عادی آمادگی دارند.<|endoftext|>آنجلوپولوس با نام کامل تئودوروس آنجلوپولوس , در 17 آوریل 1935 در آتن به دنیا آمد وی فارغ التحصیل رشته حقوق از دانشگاه آتن بود اما بعد از دوران خدمت سربازی برای ادامه تحصیل به پاریس رفت و در دانشگاه سوربن ثبت نام کرد اما بعد از مدتی تحصیلاتش را در سوربن نیمه تمام گذاشت و برای تحصیل در رشته سینما, وارد مدرسه سینمایی معروف ایدک فمیس فعلی شد بعد به یونان بازگشت و به حرفه روزنامه نگاری و نقد فیلم پرداخت در این مقاله به اختصار به بررسی زندگی و آثار تئو آنجلوپولوس فیلمساز شهیر یونانی پرداخته ایم در ادامه بخوانید
آغاز کار آنجلوپولوس در سینما در دهه شصت، همزمان شد با کودتای نظامی در یونان و روی کار آمدن حکومت سرهنگ ها. با این حال وی موفق شد نخستین فیلم کوتاهش را با عنوان "پخش تلویزیونی" در سال 1968 بسازد.
"بازسازی"، نخستین فیلم بلند آنجلوپولوس بود که در سال 1970 ساخت. بعد از آن در سال 1972 فیلم "روزهای 36" را ساخت که هر دوی آنها درونمایه ای سیاسی داشت و نقدی بر فضای سیاسی یونان در زیر چکمه های سرهنگ ها بود. بعد از آن فیلم "بازیگران سیار" را ساخت که فیلمی 4 ساعته در هشتاد نمای بلند درباره یک گروه تئاتر سیار بود که تاریخ سیاسی پرتلاطم و خونبار معاصر یونان در فاصله سال های 1939 تا 1952 از دید آنها روایت می شد.
آنجلوپولوس در سال 1983 با ساختن فیلم "سفر به سیترا"، جایزه بهترین فیلمنامه را از جشنواره فیلم کن دریافت کرد. وی در سال 1988 نیز به خاطر فیلم "چشم اندازی در مه"، برنده شیر نقره ای جشنواره فیلم ونیز به عنوان بهترین کارگردان شد.
فیلم "نگاه خیره اولیس"، فیلمی درباره جنگ های خونین بالکان بود که هاروی کیتل در آن نقش یک فیلمساز تبعیدی یونانی را بازی می کرد و جایزه بزرگ هیأت داوران کن 1995 را به دست آورد. در میانه فیلمبرداری این فیلم بود که جیان ماریا ولونته، بازیگر برجسته ایتالیایی، بر اثر سکته قلبی از دنیا رفت و ارلاند یوزفسون بازیگر سوئدی فیلم های برگمان جایگزین او گردید.
آنجلوپولوس در سال 1998، به خاطر فیلم "ابدیت و یک روز"، برنده نخل طلای جشنواره کن گردید. این فیلم داستان زندگی شاعر و نویسنده ای است که قصد دارد سفری را آغاز کند اما سفر او برخلاف سفر شخصیت های دیگر فیلم های آنجلو پولوس، سفری بدون بازگشت است چرا که او از بیماری سرطان رنج می برد و در آستانه مرگ است. الکساندر که بنا به پیش بینی پزشکان تنها یک روز از عمرش باقی مانده، سعی می کند با یادآوری خاطرات گذشته، زندگی اش را یک بار دیگر مرور کند و تنها افسوس او این است که کارهایش در آستانه مرگ، ناتمام مانده. او تمام عمرش را بر سر پروژه ای گذاشته که نتوانسته آن را به پایان برساند و آن تکمیل شعر ناتمام یک شاعر قرن نوزدهمی به نام سولوموس است. بخش مهمی از فیلم در فلاش بک می گذرد و روایت آن بین گذشته و حال در نوسان است. الکساندر از طریق یادآوری و مرور خاطرات گذشته است که درمی یابد آنچنان که باید برای همسر از دست رفته اش وقت نگذاشته و ندانسته او را چگونه دوست داشته باشد.
آخرین فیلم آنجلوپولوس، یعنی فیلم ناتمام "دریای دیگر"، محصول مشترک ایتالیا، یونان و ترکیه است و سومین قسمت از تریلوژی آنجلوپولوس بود که با فیلم "دشت گریان" آغاز شد و با فیلم "غبار زمان"ادامه یافت اما اکنون با مرگ نابهنگام و تراژیک وی ناتمام مانده است. داستان این فیلم در یونان معاصر روی می دهد که گرفتار بحران اقتصادی، بیکاری و فساد سیاسی است.
آنجلوپولوس همچنین در سال 2001 دکترای افتخاری دانشگاه اسکس بریتانیا را دریافت کرد.
از میان آثار آنجلوپولوس، فیلم های "سفر به سیترا"، "چشم اندازی درمه"، "دشت گریان" و "گام معلق لک لک"، در جشنواره فیلم فجر به نمایش درآمدند. وی در سال 2004، برای شرکت در این جشنواره، به تهران هم سفر کرده بود.
درگذشت نابهنگام تئو آنجلو پولوس، سینماگر برجسته یونانی در سن 76 سالگی، در آخرین ساعات شب (24 ژانویه) سال 2012، دوستداران این سینماگر را غافلگیر کرد. آنجلوپولوس روز 24 ژانویه، در حالی که سرگرم ساختن آخرین فیلمش به نام "دریایی دیگر" در اطراف آتن بود، بر اثر تصادف با یک موتورسیکلت در صحنه فیلمبرداری، جان باخت. آنجلوپولوس در حالی که به شدت از ناحیه سر مجروح شده بود، به بیمارستان منتقل شد اما تلاش پزشکان برای نجات او بی فایده بود.
آنجلوپولوس را بعد از مایکل کاکویانیس، باید به عنوان بزرگترین و سرشناس ترین کارگردان سینمای یونان و از برجسته ترین سینماگران مولف و صاحب سبک سینمای امروز جهان به شما آورد. او فیلمسازی بود که در آثارش، واقعیت، خیال و نوستالژی، در ترکیب منجسم و شگفت انگیزی ارائه گردید.
آنجلوپولوس، بیانگر عمیق ترین احساسات و عواطف بشری و روایت گر روشنفکران غم زده، پرملال، تنها و سرگشته معاصر بود که در کوچه ها و خیابان ها، کوهستان ها و یا سواحل دریا پرسه می زنند یا به دنبال عشق ها، خاطرات و رویاهای گذشته خود، همانند اولیس از مکانی به مکان دیگر سفر می کنند.
سبک سینمایی آنجلوپولوس
آنجلوپولوس، سینماگری شاعر و فیلسوف بود. سینمای او، سینمایی اندیشمندانه و فلسفی است که پرسش هایی اساسی و بنیادی را در باره جهان امروز و انسان مدرن مطرح می کند. سینمایی که با ریتم کند و پلان سکانس ها و حرکت های آرام، طولانی و پیچیده دوربین تعریف می شود و از این نظر شباهت زیادی به سبک آثار آنتونیونی، تارکوفسکی و میکلوش یانچو دارد اگرچه دنیاهای آنها تا حد زیادی با هم تفاوت دارد. سینمایی که تماشای آن فراتر از حد تحمل تماشاگرعادی سینماست که به فیلم هایی با ریتم تند و اکشن زیاد عادت کرده است. اما برداشت های بلند، ریتم آرام تصاویر و حرکات موزون بازیگران در فضای قاب هایی زیبا و چشم نواز در فیلم های او فضای شاعرانه ای می ساخت که با موسیقی خیال انگیز و ملودی های زیبا و گوش نواز النی کاریندرو، آهنگساز بزرگ یونانی و همسری وی، تقویت می شد.
هنر آنجلوپولوس این بود که می توانست بازیگران بی شماری را درون قاب های متحرک سحر انگیزش قرار دهد و در میزانسی پیچیده و موزون آنها را دایت کند. قاب هایی چشمگیر و خیره کننده که کار فیلمبردار همیشگی اش گئورگوس آروانیتیس بود.
گئورگوس آروانیتیس به عنوان فیلمبردار، تونینو گوئرا به عنوان فیلمنامه نویس و النی کوریندرو به عنوان آهنگساز، تیم حرفه ثابتی بودند که در بیشتر کارهای آنجلوپولوس با او همکاری کردند. النی کاریندرو، آهنگسازی است که موسیقی او به طرز حیرت انگیزی با سبک بصری و زیبایی شناسی آثار آنجلوپولوس و با ریتم و ضرباهنگ درونی فیلم هایش هماهنگی دقیقی دارد. وسعت موسیقی او به اندازه وسعت پلان سکانس های آنجلوپولوس است و ایده های موسیقایی او در تقارنی کنترپوان با رویداد های سینمایی آثار اوست.
النی خود گفته است، تصاویر آنجلوپولوس بهترین امکان را به او می دهد که عمیق ترین احساسات و عواطف درونی خود را بیان کند. نگاه شاعرانه و غنای تصویری فیلم های آنجلوپولوس با موسیقی ملودیک و روان او تکمیل می شود.
مولفه های تماتیک
فیلم های آنجلوپولوس، دارای درونمایه های اجتماعی و سیاسی بسیار پر رنگی اند و ارتباط تنگاتنگی با تاریخ سیاسی یونان و اروپا دارند. این فیلم ها عمدتا بر مبنای تم های انسانی مشخصی مثل مهاجرت و آوارگی، سرزمین و هویت فرهنگی، آب و خاک و مرزبندی جغرافیایی، سرگشتگی، تنهایی و اندوه روشنفکران چپ زخم خورده، تبعیدی و سرکوب شده ساخته شده اند. آدم های فیلم های او غالبا انسان های تنها و سرگشته ای اند که دنبال ارزش های گم شده ای در گذشته دردبار خود می گردند و به همین منظور راهی سفر می شوند. سفری که عنصر اصلی و تماتیک فیلم های آنجلو پولوس است. تقریبا در همه آثار او، شخصیت ها، نه تنها دست به سفری واقعی و جابجایی فیزیکی می زنند بلکه این سفر آنها غالبا با سفری ذهنی، دردناک و حسرت بار به درون گذشته همراه است.
فیلم های آنجلوپولوس، مکاشفه ای در زندگی و خاطرات غبار گرفته شخصبت ها در بستر تاریخ سیاسی معاصر یونان است. شناور بودن زمان و شخصیت ها در ساختار روایی فیلم، از ویژگی های مهم سبکی آثار آنجلوپولوس به حساب می آید. وی استاد ترکیب جادویی واقعیت، خیال و نوستالژی بود.
بیشترفیلم های آنجلوپولوس در مناطق دورافتاده یونان می گذرد، در دهکده ای ساحلی یا کوهستانی فراموش شده. به ندرت در فیلم هایش تصویری از یک شهر بزرگ و مدرن و شلوغ مثل آتن را می بینیم.
یکی از وجوه مهم آثار آنجلوپولوس، جنبه تاریخی و اسطوره ای فیلم های اوست. برای او تاریخ همانقدر اهمیت دارد که ادبیات، شعر و اساطیر یونان باستان. جدال انسان و سرنوشت درونمایه اصلی آثار اوست که از دل تراژدی های یونانی می آید. "نگاه خیره اولیس"، سفر حماسی و ادیسه وار یک فیلمساز تبعیدی یونانی به منطقه بالکان در اوج جنگ های داخلی، برای یافتن حلقه های فیلم های گمشده سینماگری قدیمی است که در واقع استعاره ای است از جستجوی مفهوم زندگی و پیوندی دوباره با تاریخ و گذشته.
فیلم های آنجلوپولوس پیوندی ارگانیک با مفهوم زمان دارند. برای آنجلوپولوس، زمان بیشتر امری ذهنی و روانی است تا واقعیتی فیزیکی. زمان در فیلم های او به شکل سیالی بین گذشته و حال در نوسان است. در فیلم "ابدیت و یک روز"، حرف او این بود که حتی اگر یک روز از عمرت باقی مانده باشد، اگر آن روز را درست زندگی کنی، به درازای ابدیت خواهد بود.
آنجلوپولوس دیگر زنده نیست که با برداشت های بلند اعجاب انگیز و کورئوگرافی شگفت آور بازیگران و ریتم موزون حرکات دوربین اش، ما را مسحور و دیوانه کند. او در روزی به درازای ابدیت زیست و آثاری ماندگار از خود به جا گذاشت و رفت.
جوایز و افتخارت:
برنده ی نخل طلای جشنواره کن برای فیلم ابدیت و یک روز ( Eternity and a Day )
برنده ی جایزه بزرگ هیأت داوران و جایزه فیپرشی (انجمن منتقدان بین المللی) جشنواره کن برای فیلم نگاه خیره اولیس ( Ulysses' Gaze )
برنده ی جایزه بهترین فیلمنامه و جایزه فیپرشی جشنواره کن برای فیلم سفر به سیترا ( Voyage to Cythera )
برنده ی جایزه فیپرشی جشنواره کن برای فیلم بازیگران سیار ( The Travelling Players )
برنده ی شیر نقره ای بهترین کارگردانی-جایزه ویژه هیأت داوران و جایزه فیپرشی جشنواره ونیز برای فیلم چشم اندازی در مه ( Landscape in the Mist )
برنده ی هوگوی نقره ای بهترین کارگردانی جشنواره شیکاگو برای فیلم چشم اندازی در مه ( Landscape in the Mist )
برنده ی جایزه ویژه هیأت داوران و جایزه فیپرشی جشنواره ونیز برای فیلم اسکندر کبیر ( Alexander the Great )
برنده ی جایزه بهترین فیلم-بهترین کارگردانی و بهترین فیلمنامه جشنواره تسالونیکی برای فیلم ابدیت و یک روز ( Eternity and a Day )
برنده و نامزد 61 جایزه معتبر دیگر
گزیده فیلم شناسی:
1975 - بازیگران سیار ( The Travelling Players )
1980 - اسکندر کبیر ( Alexander the Great )
1984 - سفر به سیترا ( Voyage to Cythera
1986 - پرورش دهنده زنبور عسل ( The Beekeeper )
1988 - چشم اندازی در مه ( Landscape in the Mist )
1991 - گام معلق لک لک ( The Suspended Step of the Stork )
1995 - نگاه خیره اولیس ( Ulysses' Gaze )
1998 - ابدیت و یک روز ( Eternity and a Day )
2004 - دشت گریان ( The Weeping Meadow )
2008- غبار زمان ( The Dust of Time )<|endoftext|>Andrea legato, picchiato e lasciato morire in casa in Spagna: arrestato il coinquilino
Legato a una sedia in casa sia, selvaggiamente picchiato, seviziato e lasciato morire nell'appartamento dal suo coinquilino che poi ha cercato anche di disfarsi del corpo incendiandolo, così è stato barbaramente ucciso Andrea Costa, un 42enne italiano originario di Cuneo che da qualche tempo si era trasferito sull'isola di Gran Canaria, in Spagna. Il delitto risale all’11 settembre scorso ma nessuno se ne era reso conto fino a quando il corpo semicarbon
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ین, مستقیم از پاندورا.
صرف نظر از استفاده از سوزن و پتانسیل عوارض بحرانی، یک پزشک زیبایی شناختی هیچ مهارت اجباری نمی خواهد، به این معنی که هر کسی می تواند به یک دوره مربیگری اساسی برود و اجازه انجام درمان ها را داشته باشد. بايدن اين طرح را از زمان وارد شدن به مقام خود در روز چهارشنبه تقدم بالایی داشته است و می گويد سيستم و اقتصاد مراقبت از چاه به تکان فوری نياز دارد چرا که همه گير آنها را وزن می کند. هنگامی که در خواست از خدمات رضایت بخش در ریچموند، آن را ضروری است برای موسسات که مجوز و ثبت نام بروید.
ميخواي سريع به زنگ مراسم ازدواج گوش بدي؟ زیبا اتحاد همیشگی خود را با حلقه های مراسم عروسی تیتانیوم. قانون اقدامات اضطراری مدنی این سرزمین شامل دستورالعمل های متعددی برای کمک به کندی گسترش COVID-19، همراه با انزوای خود بازدید کنندگان خارج است. فیلیپ ۷۸ ساله و پاتریشیا ۸۸ ساله روز جمعه در بیمارستان دانشگاه کاونتری که پاتریشیا برای کاوید-۱۹ تحت درمان است ازدواج کردند. یک زوج پس از درخواست تجدید نظر فوری برای ثبت نام کننده، بیش از ۴۶ سال پس از ملاقات برای اولین بار بر روی مجموعه پانتومیم، در بخش کروناویروس یک بیمارستان ازدواج کرده اند. این داده ها توسط محتوای ژنراتور نوشته شده بود!
در ابتدا، شما ممکن است مجبور به تامل در تخصص خدمات خود را. بازیکنانی هستند که شلیک بسیار خوب، مدیریت توپ و حرکت آن فوق العاده سادگی وجود دارد، با این حال زمانی که آنها به اشاره اعدام عادی و علاوه بر این فرض تخیلی، آنها می رسند تا کوتاه است. در هر مورد دیگر، دموکرات ها می توانند حداقل چند اولویت امدادی خود را در قوانینی قرار دهند که در رای اکثریت از طریق آشتی امور مالی عبور می کنند، که ممکن است تنها نیاز به کمک دموکرات ها در یک سنای ۵۰-۵۰ داشته باشد. در همين حال دمکرات ها با استفاده از به اصطلاح آشتی مالی برای عبور از عناصری از طرح های بايدن با اکثريت ساده در داخل سنا مورد بررسی قرار گرفته اند.<|endoftext|>Naturalism versus Theism: Which One Best Explains the Evidence?*
Phenomena We Observe
God is supremely self-aware/
The universe was produced by mindless, non-conscious processes.
Personal beings exist.
God is a personal Being.
The universe was produced by impersonal processes.
We believe we make free personal decisions/choices.
God is spirit and a free Being, who can freely choose to act (e.g., to create or not).
We have emerged by material, deterministic processes and forces beyond our control.
We trust our senses and rational faculties as generally reliable in producing true beliefs.
A God of truth and rationality exists.
Because of our impulse to survive and reproduce, our beliefs would only help us survive, but a number of these could be false.
Human beings have intrinsic value/dignity and rights.
God is the supremely valuable Being.
Human beings were produced by valueless processes.
Objective moral values exist.
God’s character is the source of goodness/moral values.
The universe was produced by nonmoral processes.
First life emerged.
God is a living, active Being.
Life somehow emerged from nonliving matter.
Beauty exists (e.g., not only in landscapes but in “elegant” or “beautiful scientific theories).
God is beautiful (Ps. 27:4) and capable of creating beautiful things according to his pleasure.
Beauty in the natural world is superabundant and in many cases superfluous (often not linked to survival).
The universe is finely tuned for human life (known as the “Goldilocks effect)—the universe is “just right” for life).
God is a wise, intelligent Designer.
All the cosmic constants just happened to be right; given enough time and/or many possible worlds, a finely tuned world eventually emerged.
* Taken from Paul Copan, “A Moral Argument”<|endoftext|>The English Civil War (1642–1651) was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Parliamentarians (Roundheads) and Royalists (Cavaliers) over, principally, the manner of England's government. The first (1642–46) and second (1648–49) wars pitted the supporters of King Charles I against the supporters of the Long Parliament, while the third (1649–51) saw fighting between supporters of King Charles II and supporters of the Rump Parliament. The war ended with the Parliamentarian victory at the Battle of Worcester on 3 September 1651. The overall outcome of the war was threefold: the trial and execution of Charles I; the exile of his son, Charles II; and the replacement of English monarchy with, at first, the Commonwealth of England (1649–53) and then the Protectorate (1653–59) under Oliver Cromwell's personal rule. Thus one inefficient dictator was replaced with an efficient dictator. This led to the Restoration of the monarchy with Charles II in 1660. BHTV will be producing a series of films charting the progress of the the Civil War.<|endoftext|>واکنش وزارت خارجه روسیه به راهپیمایی نازی ها در مقابل کاخ سفید
17:08 02.12.2023 (بروز رسانی شده: 19:23 02.12.2023)
© Sputnik / Evgeny Biyatovروسیه: آمریکا به دنبال مقابله مستقیم با ایران است
© Sputnik / Evgeny Biyatov/
اشتراک
ماریا زاخارووا سخنگوی وزارت خارجه روسیه گفت که ایالات متحده اجازه راهپیمایی نازی ها را درست در مقابل کاخ سفید می دهد.
به گزارش اسپوتنیک، ماریا زاخارووا، نماینده رسمی وزارت خارجه روسیه در کانال تلگرامی خود در این باره نوشت: ایالات متحده به افزایش احساسات یهودستیزی در کشورش اشاره می کند، اما در عین حال به هواداران نازی اجازه می دهد تا مستقیماً در مقابل کاخ سفید راهپیمایی کنند.
این دیپلمات توجه را به راهپیمایی گروه های راست افراطی با نمادهای نازی در پس زمینه کاخ سفید جلب کرد. زاخارووا اشاره کرد که سازمان دهندگان آن پیروان و همدستان رژیم کی یف حامی سازمان افراطی "بخش راست" (سازمان ممنوع در فدراسیون روسیه) رومن کشپور و فعال ناتالیا شاپورینسکایاهستند .
نماینده رسمی وزارت خارجه روسیه افزود: در حالی که اخیراً در آمریکا از رشد احساسات ضد یهود شکایت می کنند، که اتفاقاً من در جلسه توجیهی در مورد آن صحبت کردم، در واقع در چمنزار مقابل کاخ سفید، نمایندگان یک ساختار معروف به افراطی ترین گروه یهودی ستیز، یهودی هراسی و دیگر انواع نابردباری نژادی و نفرت در زمینه های ایدئولوژی نازیسم است "با حمایت و برکت مقامات دولت آمریکا شکوفا شد."<|endoftext|>Collections, collections everywhere
Collection processing is an everyday task. So much so, most of the program logic is about transforming, searching, ordering data. Mastering it, therefore, is an essential skill to move up the programmer ladder.
When you work on a leaderboard that shows some data of users ordered by score, or on a company dashboard that shows the headlines of the latest news, or even on a game of chess that draws the board, the core of them is to process collections.
Learn the basics, and how to do it right from this series.
The traditional approach — i.e., how everyone did it 20 years ago — is to use a
The typical scenario is to have an array of elements, and want to do something with each of them. Like adding three (Try it):
This seems like a good solution, but unfortunately, there are many problems with this approach.
The first is the side effect: when this code runs, it modifies the original array. This problem is not immediately apparent, and it is ostensibly the best solution.
But when you pass the same array around, it quickly becomes a problem.
Consider the following example, where the first call modifies the array, and thus the second function returns the wrong result (Try it):
If the first function call removes non-active users, the second one can no longer count the total.
While changing the order of the calls solves this particular problem, it also creates a constraint. For larger codebases, these constraints accumulate, and simple changes might break totally unrelated parts of the program.
Ever felt that no matter what you change, something breaks? Now you know one quite common cause.
Avoiding side effects
Let’s move on to step two! How to solve the side-effect problem?
Do not modify the original array, but build a new one (Try it):
Note: Since the
index is no longer used, the
for..of loop provides a shorter version.
This approach avoids the side effect. Problem solved.
The other problem is that
for loops can quickly get out of control. This is especially true for nested loops, the truer the more nested they are (Try it):
The above code keeps only the odd numbers and doubles those that are less than 10. Simple specification, but it is not immediately obvious from looking at the code.
A one-page-long, nested to multiple layers
for loop is usually enough to survive eternally, as no one dares to refactor it; and the brave souls who do fail spectacularly.
Towards a solution
Fortunately, most real-world problems require only a handful of operations. And by combining them, most of the use cases can be covered (you’d be surprised by how many!).
We’ll look into two of these basic building blocks: the
map and the
map is the one we’ve already used. It transforms the elements of a collection and returns a new one.
The tricky part is how to write a generalized function that can transform the elements in every possible way?
The solution is the iteratee function. The
map gets a function as one of its parameters that does the transformation. It’s signature is
(element) => newElement.
A simple map implementation (Try it):
And its usage:
filter makes a subarray, using a predicate. The predicate follows the same principles as the iteratee for the
map, but its signature is
(element) => bool. Only the elements the predicate returns truthy for will be present in the result.
filter implementation is:
And its usage:
Now that we have the building blocks, let’s consider how to compose them for more complex processing!
Just call them one after the other, passing the intermediary result (Try it):
Well, this looks ugly, not to mention that it is written backward.
Instead, store the intermediary results:
Usually, you don’t need the intermediary results, and their only purpose is to prevent writing the operations backward. As it’s error-prone to have many one-shot variables around, it would be better to define multiple processing steps and just pass in the source collection and get back the result.
These are collection pipelines.
There are several ways to define collection pipelines. In the next episodes in this series, we’ll look into the different implementations, and detail their strengths and weaknesses.<|endoftext|>控制高血压，生活方式怎么做？
生活方式干预可以降低血压、预防或延迟高血压的发生、降低心血管病风险。《中国高血压防治指南2018年修订版（征求意见稿）》指出，生活方式干预应该连续贯穿高血压治疗全过程，必要时联合药物治疗。
指南建议要点：
➤生活方式干预在任何时候对任何高血压患者（包括正常高值者和需要药物治疗的高血压患者）都是合理、有效的治疗，其目的是降低血压、控制其他危险因素和临床情况。
➤生活方式干预对降低血压和心血管危险的作用肯定，所有患者都应采用，主要措施包括：
— 减少钠盐摄入，每人每日食盐摄入量逐步降至<6 g，增加钾摄入（Ⅰ，B）；
— 合理膳食，平衡膳食（Ⅰ，A）；
— 控制体重，使BMI<24；腰围：男性<90 cm；女性<85 cm（Ⅰ，B）；
— 不吸烟，彻底戒烟，避免被动吸烟（Ⅰ，C）；
— 不饮或限制饮酒（Ⅰ，B）；
— 增加运动，中等强度；每周 4~7次；每次持续 30~60分钟（Ⅰ，A）；
— 减轻精神压力，保持心理平衡（Ⅱa，C）。
1．减少钠盐摄入，增加钾摄入
钠盐摄入过多和（或）钾摄入不足，以及钾钠摄入比值较低是我国高血压发病的重要危险因素。我国居民的膳食中75.8%的钠来自于家庭烹饪用盐，其次为高盐调味品。随着饮食模式的改变，加工食品中的钠盐也将成为重要的钠盐摄入途径。
为了预防高血压和降低高血压患者的血压，钠的摄入量减少至2400 mg/d（6 g氯化钠）。所有高血压患者均应采取各种措施，限制钠盐摄入量。
主要措施包括：①减少烹调用盐及含钠高的调味品（包括味精、酱油）；②避免或减少含钠盐量较高的加工食品，如咸菜、火腿、各类炒货和腌制品；③建议在烹调时尽可能使用定量盐勺，以起到警示的作用。
增加膳食中钾摄入量可降低血压。主要措施为：①增加富钾食物（新鲜蔬菜、水果和豆类）的摄入量；②肾功能良好者可选择低钠富钾替代盐。不建议服用钾补充剂（包括药物）来降低血压。肾功能不全者补钾前应咨询医生。
2．合理膳食
建议高血压患者和有进展为高血压风险的正常血压者，饮食以水果、蔬菜、低脂奶制品、富含食用纤维的全谷物、植物来源的蛋白质为主，减少饱和脂肪和胆固醇摄入。
DASH饮食富含新鲜蔬菜、水果、低脂（或脱脂）乳制品、禽肉、鱼、大豆和坚果，少糖、含糖饮料和红肉，其饱和脂肪和胆固醇水平低，富含钾镁钙等微量元素、优质蛋白质和纤维素。在高血压患者中，DASH饮食可分别降低SBP 11.4 mmHg，DBP 5.5 mmHg，一般人群可降低SBP 6.74 mmHg，DBP 3.54 mmHg，高血压患者控制热量摄入，血压降幅更大。依从DASH饮食能够有效降低冠心病和脑卒中风险。
3．控制体重
推荐将体重维持在健康范围内（BMI：18.5~23.9 kg/m2，男性腰围<90 cm，女性<85 cm）。建议所有超重和肥胖患者减重。
控制体重，包括控制能量摄入、增加体力活动和行为干预。在膳食平衡基础上减少每日总热量摄入，控制高热量食物（高脂肪食物、含糖饮料和酒类等）的摄入，适当控制碳水化合物的摄入；提倡进行规律的中等强度的有氧运动、减少久坐时间。此外，行为疗法，如建立节食意识、制定用餐计划、记录摄入食物种类和重量、计算热量等，对减轻体重有一定帮助。
对于综合生活方式干预减重效果不理想者，推荐使用药物治疗或手术治疗。对特殊人群，如哺乳期妇女和老年人，应视具体情况采用个体化减重措施。减重计划应长期坚持，速度因人而异，不可急于求成。建议将目标定为一年内体重减少初始体重的5%~10%。
4．不吸烟
戒烟的益处十分肯定。因此，医师应强烈建议并督促高血压患者戒烟。询问每位患者每日吸烟数量及吸烟习惯等，并应用清晰、强烈、个性化方式建议其戒烟；评估吸烟者的戒烟意愿后，帮助吸烟者在1~2周的准备期后采用“突然停止法”开始戒烟；指导患者应用戒烟药物对抗戒断症状，如尼古丁贴片、尼古丁咀嚼胶（非处方药）、盐酸安非他酮缓释片和伐尼克兰；对戒烟成功者进行随访和监督，避免复吸。
上一篇：婚姻被安排，他提出口头离婚
下一篇：没有了<|endoftext|>Your Challenge: Build a Cost Effective Structure.
PART 1: Building Geometry: Squares, Cubes, and Pyramids
In order to build a weight-bearing structures, we need to explore the different geometries and how good and/or bad they are as building elements.
1. Using 4 toothpicks and 4 gumdrops, build a square. Lay this square on the table and then stick 1 toothpick in each gumdrop, sticking straight up. Top each of these toothpicks with a gumdrop and connect these 4 gumdrops with toothpicks. You have now built a box.
2. Now you will build a pyramid. Using 3 toothpicks and 3 gumdrops make a triangle and lay this on the table. Now stick 1 toothpick in each of these gumdrops, sticking straight up. Take these 3 toothpicks, bend them into the center and connect the 3 toothpicks with 1 gumdrop. You now have a pyramid.
3. Gently press on the box and the top of the pyramid. What happens to each shape when you press on the top? Does the structure keep its shape? Does the structure collapse?
4. Based off of your observations, which shape is better for building structures: squares or triangles?
PART 2: Designing and building a weight-bearing structure
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عوض اسکان موقت در نظر گرفته شده است.<|endoftext|>Happy birthday Sir John Soane!
Sir John Soane (September 10, 1753—January 20, 1837) was an English neo-classical architect. He is best remembered for his design of the Bank of England, which still stands to this day, while many of his other works have been altered for destroyed.
Soane was born in Whitchurch, Oxfordshire, England. When he was young, he became the errand boy of architect George Dance. After earning the Royal Academy silver and gold medals for his drawings.
He earned a travelling scholarship, so in 1777, he left for Italy. He remained there for three years, studying ruins and creating designs for public buildings.
By 1780, Soane returned to England. After building many country houses, he was appointed to design the Bank of England, his biggest project to date. He designed it in the Roman Corinthian style, and it is the only of his works that still remains as it originally was.
Another important work by Soane was a large brewery complex and housing quarters for entrepreneur William Blackall Simonds.
Soane went on to take on several prominent roles, including clerk of the works at the House of Parliament, St. James's Palace, and Chelsea Hospital. He was also appointed superintendent of works to the fraternity of freemasons. He became a fellow and member of many high-profile societies, and by 1831, was knighted.
Some of his other designs include the National Debt Redemption Office in Old Jewry,
the Royal gallery and library at the House of Lords, the law courts at Westminster, the privy council and board of trade offices in Whitehall, and the state paper office at Westminster. His designs are notable for their innovative use of light and shadow to create unusual spaces.
He spent his later years as a professor, collecting many books of designs and historical objects for his students to study. He put all of his collections on display at his house at Lincoln's Inn Fields, which he later turned into a museum. The museum still stands and has recently become a popular tourist attraction.
Soane's museum still impresses architecture aficionados. Architecture historian Dan Cruickshank said of the Soane museum: "It's just tremendous – utterly individual and peculiar. It was shocking and inspirational. It is architecture of the highest genius. He reinvented the language of classical architecture. It was so radical that the district surveyor tried to sue him."
- Birthday Date: Wednesday, 10 September 2014<|endoftext|>Intervista pubblicata su "Il Sole 24 Ore".
L'intervista al sottoscritto pubblicata su Il Sole 24 Ore di sabato e, in esclusiva per i professionisti che hanno la bontà di seguirmi qui, il grafico esplicativo del concetto esposto: la performance relativa di Piazza Affari dipende intimamente dalla capacità potenziale di crescita della nostra economia.<|endoftext|>Making biologic drugs — those grown from living cells — is an elaborate, slow process requiring giant equipment and lots of time. It is not mobile or flexible.
Now a team led by researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology is trying to make the ultimate mobile drug lab, one that can be pieced together on a battlefield or brought to a clinic at the front to brew small batches of medicines in a day or less.
“If they are successful — and I believe they will be — it’s going to be really a breakthrough,” said Konstantin Konstantinov, vice president of late-stage process development at Genzyme Corp., who is not involved in the work. “It opens up many new possibilities that we have not seen before.”
Funded by a $10 million grant from the Department of Defense, the research team’s goal is to create a “tabletop” bioreactor — a sophisticated brewing system used to make biologic drugs — that could be deployed virtually anywhere. It should be able to make distinct batches of wound-healing drugs for soldiers on a battlefield or highly specialized therapy for a patient with a rare condition.
Biologic drugs are made from living cells. In this case, the researchers are “brewing” drugs from yeast, much like beer is brewed. Typically, a production line for biologics includes giant tanks ranging in size from 2,000 to 20,000 liters, and it can take a row of them to produce a batch of drugs. The process from start to finish can take six months or more.
Turning that into a mobile operation is a prodigious task. The process has to be shrunk by more than a thousandfold and sped up to work in less than 24 hours. And the drugs have to be tested in near-real time to prove they are safe, pure, and potent.
In addition to MIT’s Center for Biomedical Innovation, the project includes researchers from Northeastern University, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, and industrial collaborators, such as Pall Corp., Perkin Elmer Inc., and Latham BioPharm Group.
The team has promised that the bioreactor will be able to produce two drugs within the next two years. If they meet that goal, the research will be eligible for a follow-up two-year grant to add four more drugs.
At its core, the bioreactor contains a device about the size of a cellphone for culturing cells that can produce the kinds of drugs now used to treat cancer, infections, and other diseases. Funneling the cells into tiny channels, along with nutrients and gases, allows researchers to monitor and optimize conditions for small-scale production.
“We tell them how often to eat, what to eat — and in return they make drugs,” said project leader J. Christopher Love, an associate professor of chemical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s Koch Institute.
The biggest innovation of all will come with the yeast used to produce the drugs. Researchers will have to tinker with the yeast’s genetic code to encourage each cell to produce a larger amount of medicine.
“It’s not the natural behavior of these organisms to produce tons and tons of drugs,” said Timothy Lu, an assistant professor at MIT who is working on the genetic engineering aspects of the project.
Normally, the yeast produces only one kind of protein, but by changing the genetic code Lu said he expects to be able to get the yeast to produce multiple drugs.
The rest of the bioreactor, which is comparable in size to a six-pack of long-neck beers, now contains small bottles of food and water to provide nutrients to the yeast. Most of the system will consist of inexpensive “plug-and-play” pieces that can be easily scaled for different uses, Love said.
The aim is not to replace commercial production, Love said, but to address different needs. Just as 3-D printing is creating new production practices, but not replacing factories, the new bioreactor could take drug manufacturing in new directions, Love said.
The device is “a supplement to provide new opportunities to distribute manufacturing, to improve access to drugs, to provide new drugs, and ultimately to provide better care to patients at the point of need,” he said.
For example, it may be better to produce small batches of vaccines deep inside developing countries, instead of trying to keep the vaccines refrigerated while transporting them hundreds or thousands of miles.
Similarly, a small bioreactor could produce drugs for a patient with a rare tumor — personalized drug production to go along with personalized treatment.
The biopharmaceutical industry is ready for dramatic innovations, said Barry Buckland, former head of bioprocessing at Merck and now a drug industry consultant.
“There’s been significant breakthroughs on many technology fronts,” said Buckland, who collaborates with Love on another project and is enthusiastic about the tiny bioreactor. In the worst case, if the objective as written wasn’t met, there would still be significant advances made that would benefit the whole field.”
can be reached at [email protected].<|endoftext|>app1.smanbet.com
想想柠檬。想想柠檬。猛然躺下。猛然躺下。Bug-dicking”这个过程是一个流浪汉的术语。注意这段节选很少玩鞋盒小夜曲执行:小女孩:看看漂亮的花朵上的大黄蜂!!["Mudtoe”西蒙斯走出一排树莓灌木丛,与几个暴露腹部出血减少。)MUDTOE:错误的迪克花petal-pussy!Bug-dicking!!母亲:远离我的孩子!!”燕麦片裤子”是一个聪明的”流浪汉代码”实际上的意思是“短袖衬衫。”流浪汉恰恰永远害怕人问他们有在他们的裤子,所以他们会把任何裤子他们可能穿着“椰子衬衫”(“椰子”="白”)和任何衬衫”裤子。””燕麦片”蓝色的是流浪汉同韵俚语。燕麦片裤子”是说,”我穿着蓝色的衬衫,你没有理由采取任何兴趣可能是也可能不是在我的裤子。”
””他们回去安全吗?”””你是什么意思?””乔治 "卡拉汉住大约15分钟离菲奥娜在Lambertville,沿着特拉华河附近的一个小镇。”我的意思是,他们回到他的房子好吗?”””我不知道这样想。你为什么问这个?这是怎么呢””李讨论他应该告诉她多少钱。”我只是想确保凯莉好。”””为什么不是她?”他可以听到怀疑蔓延到她的声音。”““哦。弗林停顿了一下。他最后说，“操他妈的。”
好吧,好吧,这是照顾。所以我们为什么坐在这里谈论我的爱情生活吗?”达米安说。”或缺乏,”艾琳Shaunee低声说,谁试过失败(史蒂夫Rae)不要笑。忽略他们,达明站了起来,看着我。”好吧,我们走吧。”嗯?””他摇他的眼睛朝向天空的,摇了摇头。”所以我们为什么坐在这里谈论我的爱情生活吗?”达米安说。”或缺乏,”艾琳Shaunee低声说,谁试过失败(史蒂夫Rae)不要笑。忽略他们,达明站了起来,看着我。”好吧,我们走吧。”
妈妈,你能帮我一个忙吗?”””什么?”””你能确保你的防盗报警系统是打开?””劳拉消失后,李买了他的母亲一个精心设计的,最先进的报警系统,但是她很少使用它。”为什么?”””对我来说你将做什么?”””斯坦已经打开它。我希望你能告诉我发生了什么。”我会在耶稣手里安全无恙的。”““是啊，我想你会的。”他点头，转向公共汽车我会被诅咒的，因为他开始咯咯笑和摇头。他一路笑着回到车上，没有太教堂化的。好，别那么简单。有一辆漆黑的公交车，上面用亮粉红色的字母写着洛杉矶，就像这些信件本身正享受着它们生命中的美好时光，你也可以来参加聚会，就上车吧。
”五人相视一笑。这是真的;我松了一口气,但我仍然有一个挥之不去的担忧的感觉我似乎无法摆脱,不仅仅是关于健康的压力。也许我需要第四个棕色的流行。”好吧,好吧,这是照顾。所以我们为什么坐在这里谈论我的爱情生活吗?”达米安说。”或缺乏,”艾琳Shaunee低声说,谁试过失败(史蒂夫Rae)不要笑。犯罪，就这样，倾向于小气和个人。当这些人来到心灵殿堂时，他们没有选择像Tetsami这样的单身人士来收看。他们挑选那些在生活记忆中具有地位的人，或者那些拥有十几个人的记忆的人，他们的技能代表了他们自己的进步。Tetsami然而，有一套基本被遗忘的技能，因此，保护得不够在天花板后面有几根电缆，其中一架通向隐藏的摄像机，它观察着营房的内部。一旦她确定浴室门锁上了，她伸手抓住数据电缆。她从照相机插座里拔出一端，断开连接。
伊凡耸耸肩走开了。Pikel似乎忘记了所有的争吵，很愿意去别人带他去的任何地方，高兴地在他哥哥身边蹦蹦跳跳。“你看过四爪鹰吗？“伊凡和皮克尔搬走后，在肩上怒吼起来。“现在闭嘴，我们时间不多了。”“幸运的是，她和弗林已经折衷了很多，以至于穿上他的身体并不像原来那样让人迷惑。在她看来，她已经有十七年没有女性身体了，或者比弗林的200厘米还短，尽管如此，她150岁的精神形象依然存在。她摸了摸限制领的边缘，找到了控制面板上的舱口。“你在干什么？你强迫那个东西，它会把我们击垮的——”““桑尼，拉链。”
“你饿了吗？“阿巴莱斯特问有翼的人，狮子座怪物它的尾巴上覆盖着许多铁硬的钉子。那怪物咆哮着回答，用头顶着它的庞然大物，有力的箱子靠在笼子的栅栏上。“然后飞，“巫师咕哝着，打开笼门，用他瘦削的双手穿过怪兽浓密的鬃毛，让它慢慢走过。“多琳会指引你到我邪恶的儿子那里。“流行音乐，“年轻人说。“怎么样？“门罗说。“令人惊叹的，“年轻人没有讽刺或讽刺地说，他迈着方肩大步往前走。在电梯银行，门罗在一位同龄人旁边等下车，他双手扶着轮椅把手站着。
实际上，卡蒂森女士，"Kalenda说，"你是我最希望的"谢谢你的赞美，"。”抱歉，这是错的。Wwhal1的意思是，Calrisian上尉和SkyWalkcr船长有军训，他们更有可能为我们所做的一切做好准备，而不是为前总理的工作。”多说.卡伦达·温德(KalendaWined)。”盖里尔说。”Neferet的微笑是难以置信的。似乎光房间本身,这让我突然强烈的骄傲,所有其他的孩子们站在看Neferet表演等明显对我们有利。”记住,如果你需要任何事情为明天,只是让我知道。
“许多地精和巨兽，逃离什叶派去寻找他们的山洞。”““面对他们比我们在这里可能发现的要好，“Vander辩解道。12英尺高的巨人洪亮的声音，厚厚的红胡须，被冰吹得结了皮，毫不费力地穿过了风声。“你不知道雪不会融化的土地上的生物，年轻牧师。”这个粗犷的乡巴佬是根据一些经验说的，似乎，还有矮人，Shayleigh丹妮卡看着卡德利，希望范德的警告能带来一些影响。通过查看整个外表，它几乎是随机地在千年里建造的，在所有方向上运行的大型建筑物、管道和电缆以及所有尺寸的管子的尺寸都是随机的，抛物线天线和锥形形状的奇怪图案到处都是。卢克发现了一个航天器的残骸，它坠毁在外部船体中，然后被焊接在适当的地方，并被焊接到一些分拣装置的生活区。至少它看起来似乎是一种特殊的方式来增加生活空间，并增加了生活空间，似乎比一些小的点冗余了一点。然而，这些都没有提到真正尺寸的东西。毕竟，小月亮的大小-按一些标准，甚至是大的大小。
我不得不承认史蒂夫Rae是正确的。雪就像一个神奇的毯子在地球上。它把一切柔软的和白色的,甚至Shaunee(从脾气暴躁,被雪困住的康涅狄格)笑着,试图用她的舌头捕捉片。我们都笑当我们走进休闲大厅。要么是弗兰克，要么是托尼，她从不费心去管那些家伙。弗兰克/托尼刚才注意到弗林兵营里丢失了两个视频供稿。她停顿了一下，向弗林提出了一个问题。“你还想这样做吗？“““耶斯。.."弗林的心理嗓音似乎缓慢而回响，好像他没有赶上Tetsami正在处理的速度。
我要抓住泥土，做点什么，你就等着，你只要等一下。我要抓住泥土，做点什么，然后让它轰轰烈烈。58日本尽管在许多白人问题上有完全的白人共识，也许没有什么能比日本这个岛国更能赢得白人的普遍赞誉了。应该指出，由于捕鲸，一些白人对日本怀有恶意，杀海豚，或者强奸南京，但是这些通常被认为是孤立的事件，不会起诉整个国家。“我得回去了。”““看，孩子，为什么不——”““我得回去了。我把药落在车站了，如果十五分钟内不服，我就要死了。”““看，孩子，你不——“““我不是在开玩笑。我是一个癫痫患者，如果我不吃药，我会癫痫发作，天哪，我想我现在有一个。
即使有强风，她的许多投篮命中目标，但是野兽有弹性，当它那抛着尖刺的尾巴再一次转动时，谢利无处可逃。当几枚导弹把她炸得半坐半坐时，她咧嘴一笑，在山坡上的半倾斜位置。她感到自己的生命之血从几处伤口中突然流出温暖。苗条宽，凝视的眼睛里有一种无法消除的恐惧。“你的儿子，“他结结巴巴地说，唠唠叨叨，“你的儿子，先生。弗雷德森——”“约�
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per raggiungere la certificazione ISO 9001. La lista dei corsi e' disponibile sul sito del Gruppo.<|endoftext|>Liquid Robotics Wave Glider battles Hurricane Isaac
SUNNYVALE, Calif., 4 Sept. 2012. A Wave Glider wave-powered autonomous marine robot from Liquid Robotics, an ocean data service provider, stared down Hurricane Isaac while collecting ocean chemistry data in the Gulf of Mexico.
SUNNYVALE, Calif., 4 Sept. 2012. A Wave Gliderwave-poweredautonomous marine robot from Liquid Robotics, an ocean data service provider, stared down Hurricane Isaac while collecting ocean chemistry data in the Gulf of Mexico.
G2, a Wave Glider performing scientific missions, was moving out of Hurricane Isaac’s projected path when it changed and headed directly for the rugged robot. As the eye passed 60 miles east of the Wave Glider, its pilots watched as all the other vessels in its area raced out of the Gulf of Mexico. G2--heavily outfitted with sensors to measure water temperature, wind speeds, barometric pressure, and air temperature--remained in the area and provided new insights into the hurricane. Time-lapsed maps showed a dramatic drop in water temperature, suggesting that Isaac was vacuuming the heat from the Gulf. Sustained winds of 40 knots with gusts up to 74 knots and barometric pressure falling to 988.3 mbar demonstrate the storm's intensity.
"Our thoughts go out to all those who have been affected by Hurricane Isaac,” Bill Vass, CEO of Liquid Robotics, says. “We are proud to see our Wave Glider not only survive the Category I hurricane, but also continue to communicate valuable real-time weather data as it battled 74 knot winds. Hopefully, autonomous platforms like the Wave Glider will make it possible to better predict the severity and risk to everyone in the Gulf Coast area in the future."
East of Isaac, off the coast of Puerto Rico, another Liquid Robotics Wave Glider, Alex, was launched to support a new joint project to measure hurricane intensity. Working in coordination with the NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML), the marine robot is patrolling for the next hurricane and for a chance to be the first to measure the conditions both above and below the surface of the ocean that are needed to predict hurricane strengthening. Funded by Liquid Robotics, this project promises to provide data never before available to scientists for better hurricane prediction, says a representative.<|endoftext|>※ 简要介绍 ※
姓 名：徐 伟
职 称：研究员
研究领域：鱼类繁殖和育种技术
技术特长：长期从事黑龙江名优鱼类的人工繁殖和苗种培育技术研究，查清了唇鱼骨、蒙古鲌、哲罗鱼、和洛氏（鱼岁）等鱼类的繁殖、生长、摄食、性腺发育和抗逆性等生物学特性，解决了这些鱼类的苗种生产和养殖技术问题；在耐盐碱水域渔业利用方面，从国内外引进了大鳞鲃、卡拉白鱼和达里湖高原鳅等耐盐碱鱼类品种，开展人工繁殖、苗种培育、养殖模式和病害防治等研究，建立了耐盐碱鱼类苗种示范基地，带动了我国内陆盐碱地区的渔业经济快速发展；在观赏鲤鲫鱼体色遗传学方面，利用日本锦鲤与荷包红鲤抗寒品系杂交、自交和回交等技术，获得了抗寒锦鲤回交系F2，成功解决了日本原种在东北高寒地区越冬成活的问题。通过彩鲫、红鲫、荷包红鲤、锦鲤的杂交试验，观察不同生长阶段体色鳞片的色素细胞构成和演化，提出鱼类体色遗传学研究的新见解。<|endoftext|>Liposomes are soft nanocontainers used to deliver drugs or cosmetics. They can be entrapped in gels of biopolymers like agar. We found, to our surprise, that entrapped liposomes can escape out of the gel network into water – possibly by squeezing through the pores in the network.
One of our key discoveries is the ability of amphiphilic biopolymers like hmC to convert liquid blood into a gel that retains its weight in an inverted vial. In this paper, we used optical microscopy to probe the underlying mechanism. We found that hmC induces blood cells to cluster, and these clusters connect into a network.<|endoftext|>نحوه ثبت زمان صرف شده
بررسی اجمالی
اودوو به شما این امکان را می دهد تا بتوانید برای گزارشات ساده درست مانند صدور فاکتور برای مشتری، زمان صرف شده را برای هر یک از کارمندان و برای هر یک از پروژه های خود ثبت کنید.
پیکربندی
برای اینکه بتوانید زمان صرف شده در پروژه ها را ثبت کنید، بایستی ابتدا امکان استفاده از برگه ساعات کارکرد را فعال کنید. در برنامه پروژه ، قسمت پیکربندی » تنظیمات را باز کنید. در بخش مربوط به برگه ساعات کارکرد، امکان گزارش وظایف را فعال کنید.
نکته: با فعال سازی این گزینه، برنامه صدور فاکتور، پیگیری مسئله، کارمندان و برگه ساعات کارکرد نیز نصب می شوند.
ثبت برگه های ساعات کارکرد
می توانید مستقیماً از برنامه پروژه، زمانی را که صرف هر پروژه شده است را ثبت کنید. می توانید برگه ساعات کارکرد خود را هم در قسمت پروژه و هم در قسمت وظیفه ثبت کنید.
ثبت در قسمت پروژه
از داشبورد برنامه پروژه، در منوی بیشتر پروژه ای را که می خواهید برای آن برگه ساعات کارکرد ثبت کنید، گزینه ویرایش را انتخاب کنید. و وارد قسمت ساعات کارکرد بشوید.
در پنجره جدید روی ایجاد کلیک کنید و جزئیات خواسته شده را وارد کرده و سپس روی ذخیره کلیک کنید.
ثبت در قسمت وظیفه
از برنامه پروژه، منوی بیشتر پروژه ای را که می خواهید برای آن برگه ساعات کارکرد ثبت کنید، را باز کنید و وظیفه ای را که روی آن کار می کنید را باز کنید.
در این وظیفه، روی ویرایش کلیک کرده، برگه ساعات کارکرد را باز کنید و روی افزودن سطر کلیک کنید. جزئیات را وارد کرده و روی ذخیره کلیک کنید.<|endoftext|>【財星睿智】來季投資 迎難而上：英亚体育发表于: 2021-05-30 01:37
投资就像一艘帆船竞赛，重点是它是一种光滑还是抗风，你必须坚持目的地，它相当于勇气等心理质量。经验丰富的投资者都明白，一年中总有一个美好的时光，但总有几个月的英寸。我们无法预测天气变化，但您可以看到未来的最低风险与累积的经验。
今天，投资市场的负面情绪是不变的。如何客观地部署？ 新的和旧经济部门都是咆哮的，债务被咆哮，高价股份将合并。纯粹在这种预测中，在今天的美国核心个人消费支出（PCE）的水平中推断了1.6％的债务，这是一个合理的水平（可以提及提交人的早期分析）。未来债务，如果高位估值股份的调整将逐步完成，毕竟，一些相关股份已下跌超过30％，而空间调整不大; 如果短期内发布的PCE和GDP数据符合预期，则该负因子将解决。
最近几天，我担心税收抢油实际上，提交人与年初的每个人分享，参考美国历史，民主党通常使用税收之一作为政策焦点之一 ，无论总统出价还是财务经理LUN，一再表示考虑审议，以考虑投资税，以补充因素，如流行病，这希望为市场做好准备。预计新的经济份额有很大的影响力，“家庭经济”在去年的流行病中的利益，以及传统产业在过去几年中颠覆了传统产业，税收增加了 更少的声音（包括共和党人）。
其次，提到欧洲等其他国家，这些国家促进了“科技税”，以及在澳大利亚的社交媒体上付款的费用，新的和旧工业的付款平衡已准备好。全球流行病，美国和英国疫苗接种人口数据理想，但欧洲是痛苦的，与英梅的诚信，如抢劫疫苗，批评是不平衡的。由于感染数量的恢复，德国法律再次实施了普遍存在的受限制或宵禁，普及4月，流行病的出现将达到近月亮的旧经济份额。
参考亚洲的数据，出现了流行病，第四波是正常的，只是“先进先出”，我相信欧洲最终会改善，这个阴霾是短期，毕竟“与病毒共存”已经 开始。在中美关系方面，在删除政府后，政府没有放弃前身的政策，只有相应的力量和方法的方法，需要之间的关系。当未来是阳光明媚的时候，邻近的国家是一个朋友，总是混乱，国际外交就是如此。投资取向是有利可图的，资金总是客观和诚实。
各种各样的都是战斗新的经济部门，使戈登股是连续的。只要风仍然在移动，它将在短暂的逆境后移动。
协调。（李振浩，东亚银行首席投资战略首席投资策略师）。
本文关键词：英亚体育
本文来源：英亚体育-www.frdplay.com<|endoftext|>Iskat Nedir Nasıl Yapılır,Esas olarak ölünün namaz borçlarının bağışlanması karşılığında özel olarak verilen sadakadır.
Sadaka verilmek yoluyla namaz borçlarının ödenmesi çeşitli islâm tarikatleri ve hukukunda tartışılmış ve çeşitli görüşlerin belirmesine neden olmuştur.
Özellikle Hanefî mezhebi, ıskatın ayrıntılarını saptamıştır.
Örneğin kılınmayan her namaz için bir fitre tutarı darı verilecektir.
Genellikle ölen kişinin kaç namaz ve oruç borçlandığı bilinemeyeceğinden bunun tutarı geniş çaplı bir tahminle saptanır.
Bu tutar, ölenin mirasçıları tarafından ödenemeyecek kadar büyük bir parayı gerektiriyorsa devir adı verilen bir dinsel hiyle (Hiyle-i şer’iyye)’ye başvurulur.
Bu hiyle şöyle gerçekleştirilir: Örneğin, bir yoksula yüz lira hibe edilir, yoksul bu parayı kendisine hibe edene geri verir ve hibe eder, o da yeniden yoksula hibe eder.
Bu işlem on kez yapılarak yüz lira bin liraya çıkartmış olur.<|endoftext|>sevgili dost,
işte kalbimi titreten zarf. Senden geliyor. O gün, zarf şeklinde yoğruluyor ekmekler, pencerelerin eni genişliyor, hakemler ceplerinden zarf çıkarıyorlar. postacılar, makinistlerin ellerini bağlayıp, yerine kendileri geçiyorlar, artık trenler uç uca eklenmiş zarflar. O gün zarftan tesbihler çekiyor volta atarken mahkumlar. Güneş zarf şeklinde batıyor; kıyamet alameti mi? İşte kalbimi titreten zarf. onu açmayacağım. bütün gün gezdireceğim cebimde onu. Kaşıklar, üzerinde duman tüten çorba keselerine dokunmak için işaret beklerken, ben neden açayım orucumu? Ya zarfı açar açmaz kelimeler kelebeğe dönüşüp uçarlarsa! Ya zarfı açar açmaz pimi çekilmiş bomba patlarsa! Ya zarftan taşan sulaar barajı patlatırsa!
Sevgii dost
Benimle birlikte bütün şehri dolaştı iftar çadırında sıraya girdi, vapurda martılara simit attı, ayakkabılafrını boyattı zarf. Ceketimin iç cebinden kalbimin tıkırtılarını dinledive bir doktor edasıyla: "ateşin var!" dedi.
Sevgii dost
işte kalbimi titreten zarf
elimi ceketimin iç cebine götürüp dışarıya çıkarıyorum onu. karanlığa alışmış, gözleri kamaşıyor. mektup açacağını yaklaştırıyorum. sivri ucunu zarf kapağının aralığına aralığına sokuyorum.
işte kalbimi titreten zarf!<|endoftext|>Masalını Yitiren Dev, ilkokula on dört yaşında başlayan bir edebiyat adamının, Adnan Binyazar'ın çocukluk ve ilgençlik
NÜVİT OSM AY, Türkiye'de modern başarı kültürünün üreticilerinden biridir. Amerikalı yazar Dale Carnegie'nin kurslarına
Hamlet is the Prince of Denmark. His heart is filled with sadness and pain. Why? Only his two best friends,
Sıra dışı zihinsel rahatsızlığı nedeniyle farklı farklı kişilikler geliştirebilen adam: Stephen Leeds ya da herkesin onu tanıdığı ismiyle Lejyon. Ortaya çıkardığı kişilikler, daha doğrusu halüsinasyonları pek çok alanda dudak uçuklatan yeteneklere ve bilgiye sahip olmakla kalmıyor, karşı karşıya kaldığı farklı gizemleri gün yüzüne çıkarması için Lejyon'a yardım ediyorlar. Üstelik birbirlerinden haberdarlar ve bazıları da kendisinin bir halüsinasyon olduğunu biliyor.
Stephen Leeds ve halüsinasyonları, bu sefer çalınmış bir cesedin peşinde. Önemli olan ceset değil cesedin bildikleri; çünkü bir zamanlar görev yaptığı biyoteknoloji firmasının yetkilileri, ölmeden önce bazı çok gizli bilgileri DNA'sına kodlamış olduğu görüşünde. Bu çok gizli bilgiler yanlış ellere geçecek olursa, olaylar hiç beklenmedik şekilde gelişebilir.
Bu arada, Stephen'in halüsinasyonlarıyla kurduğu ve hassas dengelere oturan ilişki de her geçen an dengesini biraz daha kaybediyor gibi görünüyor. Lejyon, bir önceki vakada nasıl olup da halüsinasyonlarıdan birinin elindeki silahı ateşlediğini hâlâ tam anlamıyla çözebilmiş değil ve halüsinasyonlardan bazıları, Stephen'in kafasında kaç kişiliğe uygun yer olduğu konusunda epey kesin fikirlere sahipler.
Acaba Stephen kendini bir arada tutmayı daha ne kadar sürdürebilecek?<|endoftext|>Study of Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone Analog (LHRHa) in Pubertal Patients With Extreme Short Stature
Children with extreme short stature (height) and their families often experience significant psychological stress related to concerns about adult height. In addition, short stature often results in life-long emotional, social, and physical obstacles to the affected person.
Normal growth occurs in two phases. The first phase, known as childhood growth, occurs below the age of 10. The second phase of growth, teen-age or adolescent growth, begins between the ages of 10 and 15. In addition, puberty marks the time when the bone's growth plates (epiphysis) begin to close, initiating the completion of linear growth (height).
Some children suffer from a condition called precocious puberty, meaning that puberty begins at a younger age than normal. The development of medications known as synthetic LHRH analogs have provided a method to delay puberty and treat these patients.
LHRHa (deslorelin) is a hormone created to act like naturally occurring LHRH. It been used in patient's diagnosed with precocious (early onset) puberty. The drugs were able to regress patient's clinical signs of puberty, decrease the levels of adult sex hormones produced, and slow the rate of bone aging.
|Study Design:||Endpoint Classification: Safety/Efficacy Study
Primary Purpose: Treatment
|Official Title:||A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial of Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone Analog (LHRHa) in Pubertal Patients With Extreme Short Stature|
|Study Start Date:||November 1983|
|Estimated Study Completion Date:||October 2001|
Children with extreme short stature and their families frequently experience significant psychological stress related to concerns about adult height. Additionally, extreme short stature often presents life-long emotional, social, and physical obstacles to the affected individual. The onset of puberty in such patients presents a critical management problem because puberty initiates the process of epiphyseal closure that terminates linear growth. Until recently, there was no way to delay the onset of puberty in such patients. The development of synthetic LHRH analogs, however, has provided such a method. Administration of such analogs to children with precocious puberty caused a regression of their clinical signs of puberty, a decrease in their gonadotropins and sex steroids, and a slowing of the rate of bone age advancement.
We propose to treat pubertal children with extreme short stature with a long-acting analog of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (D-Trp6-Pro9-NEt-LHRHa). The goal of LHRHa treatment in these children is to halt the normal progression into puberty and thereby delay epiphyseal fusion. We postulate that delay of puberty will prolong pre-pubertal growth prior to the pubertal spurt and subsequent epiphyseal fusion, and thus will enhance ultimate height. This study will test this hypothesis through a double-blind, randomized comparison of the effect of LHRHa and placebo on final adult height. Patients will be treated with LHRHa or placebo for 4 years, and will then be followed until they have completed puberty and have stopped growing.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00001190
|United States, Maryland|
|National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)|
|Bethesda, Maryland, United States, 20892|<|endoftext|>
孟买猫特点 ，有哪几种?全世界这样 多猫咪的品种 ，为哪几种有的人而是 这样 的对孟买猫情有独钟呢?为哪几种孟买猫受到了这样 之多的亲戚亲戚一帮人都都的热爱?今天小编就来探究探究 ，告诉亲戚亲戚一帮人都都哪几种孟买猫的独特魅力。黑色的猫咪总会给人比较神秘的感觉 ，之后比较高贵 ，从外貌特点以及性格特点去找寻它的与众不同。
外观特点：
孟买猫由缅甸猫和美国短毛猫杂交培育而成
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, they should statement click- able interpretive sesay (krug 2000, interpretive, pacademic writing these.
For interpretive arguments about literature, a thesis is an arguable statement about a text that draws a conclusion about what it means a thesis for an interpretive argument about literature must explain what a story means it must make a. Related to your selected text, and then you will build an interpretive essay that supports your thesis statement you must use appropriate terminology throughout your essay as you develop your argument in support of your interpretation of the selected text. Interpretive essays is the thesis statement effective if you put in a thesis statement about honesty being the best policy always, then it’s going to be hard for you to write about how sometimes it’s alright to bend the rules when you’re writing an interpretive essay, first identify the author’s methods, but, most importantly. The body of the essay must support the thesis statement through evidence--facts, examples, summaries--and commentary--opinions, analysis, interpretation, insight the conclusion summarizes the interpretation and allows the writer to draw attention to the most important aspects of the analysis.
I noticed that instead of emphasizing the thesis statement as strongly as we do, the french emphasize the problématique: an interpretive problem that the essay sets out to address or to solve when my french instructor explained the concept of the problématique, a light switched on for me. Which best describes the purpose of a thesis statement in an interpretive essay - 2060631 1 log in join now 1 log in join now high school english 5 points which best describes the purpose of a thesis statement in an interpretive essay interpretive thesis usually is written for an academic audience 50 1 vote 1 vote rate rate. Thesis statements—the presentation of a thesis in the introduction of a work—can take many forms, so long as they pose a question and offer an interpretive answer 2 thoughts on “ a thesis statement template ” pingback: the thesis template in action « historyprofessororg. Please write a 2-3 page interpretive essay based on one of the following topics papers should be typed and double-spaced with 1 inch margins and size 12 font the questions i have provided should be a starting point for your essay, but you may branch out into other areas, depending on where your interpretation takes you always support your answers with evidence from the text(s. Now that you¾’ve got some guidelines, write an interpretive essay in about 6 paragraphs and 200-250 words using the given thesis and topic outline while writing your essay, think about overall coherence when you put your paragraphs together.
Writing about literature elements of the essay thesis a thesis is to an essay what a theme is to a short story, play, or poem: it's the governing idea, proposition, claim, or point. The thesis statement is the sentence that states the main idea of a writing assignment and helps control the ideas within the paper2it is not merely a topic2thesis statements—the presentation of a thesis in the introduction of a work—can take many forms, so long as they pose a question and offer an interpretive answer2. An interpretive claim is the one among the choices given in the question that best describes what a thesis for a historical essay should be the correct option among all the options that are given in the question is the third option or option c. Basically, an interpretive essay is an essay that provides an analysis of another piece of writing your purpose is not to argue now you know how to go about writing an interpretive essay, so get your pen and paper ready and start writing.
From analysis to essay read the short play trifles and consider the literary elements we have discussed: plot, character, setting, and symbol try to formulate at least two or three thematic statements that could become the thesis for an interpretive essay. Essay writing essay – a short literary composition of an analytical, interpretive, or reflective kind, dealing with its subject in a non-technical, limited, often unsystematic way and, usually expressive of the author’s outlook and personality - an attempt. An interpretive essay is a paper where one critically analyzes or interprets a piece of literary work and offers its meaning or its alternative meaning the fundamental objective of the literary analysis is to look at the fascinating segments of a literary piece of work.
In a narrative essay, or narrative section of a piece of literature, a thesis statement is called a “narrative thesis” a narrative thesis can be an apparent one or a hidden or implied one in both cases, such a statement is a powerful, propelling force behind an entire work, that guides it toward its ultimate purpose and the lesson it intends to instruct. D thesis statement: craft a thesis statement that clearly states your position and argument this should provide a clear road map for your reader for what will be presented in the essay. Which sentence would be an effective thesis statement for a historical essay on the american industrial revolution the american industrial revolution grew out of the british industrial revolution the american industrial revolution had a major impact on americans socially and economically.<|endoftext|>Trombositlerin bir araya gelmesine ve bir kan pıhtısı oluşturmasına yardımcı olan bir zamk işlevi görür.
Kan pıhtılaşmasında yardımcı diğer önemli bir protein olan VIII. pıhtılaşma faktörünü (Faktör VIII) de taşır.
Faktör VIII, başka bir pıhtılaşma bozukluğu olan hemofili durumunda inaktif olan ya da bulunmayan bir proteindir.
ADMiN
, 16 Tem 2015<|endoftext|>OpenStreetMap is an example of a phenomenon known as Volunteered geographic information (VGI) – the harnessing of tools to create, assemble, and disseminate geographic data provided voluntarily by individuals. OSM is one of the most prominent examples of this movement and rather than the map itself, the data generated by the OpenStreetMap project is considered its primary output.
OpenStreetMap lives by the claim that anyone can be an editor and to make that possible, the tutorials at Learning OSM just keep getting better! There is no better place to start than this site which takes user from novice to advanced and also offers pointers to many of the initiatives such as HOT OSM that are putting OSM to real world use. Learn the necessary skills and find out where you can put them to use.<|endoftext|>Our politicians do not like to speak about overpopulation out of fear for the pious who believe that human beings ought to multiply. Left-wing ideologues argue that there is no such thing and that every apparent problem can be solved through a more equal distribution of resources. Enlightened progressivists are confident that there will be a technological fix. Economists tell us that we need continuous growth and hence more consumers. And the statisticians are confident that the growth of the human population will eventually slow down. We are, in reality, already bursting at the seams; numerous ecological problems are due to the fact that there are already so many of us. We need to think harder about the problem, something we find hard to do. We need to consider what the size of the human population should ideally be? And if we are already overloaded, we must also ask how we can reduce the size of the population in a humane way. We need to ask what obligations we have to coming generations.
Last June a United Nations report predicted that the world's population - now at 7.6 billion - was likely to increase to almost 10 billion by 2050 and to 11.2 billion by 2100. Now a Vienna based group of demographers have calculated that by 2070 the world's population will reach ONLY 9.5 billion. This has been hailed as good news.
There is much debate about climate change, but changes to our environment are nor limited to the weather.<|endoftext|>How PHP is Different From Other Programming Language
Getting a job can be a satisfactory term, but for the real career development it is important to have practical known in the field in which you are placed. But there is one of the best training course that can help you out in enhancing your career prospective in the software companies. And that training program is of PHP which has become one of the most powerful among various other languages.During the training program, you will get to learn the basics of the language and how it will help in adding to your knowledge and skills to a more advanced level. But for this, you need to look out for the company that imparts best training in Mohali by which you can get a profound knowledge from the technical & practical aspects. WPT, a software company in Mohali is one of its kind that provides training to the students. Here, training programs are such that help students in getting a dream job. By this, your life gets completely transformed. All training programs are based on live projects and students are made to learn from the scratch.
What is PHP?PHP stands for Hyper Text Preprocessor and is a server scripting language which is used for making dynamic & interactive web pages. This programming language was developed with an aim of solving complex mathematical problems. In this PHP code is written in the HTML and the output can be gained from a web browser. Benefits of Learning PHP Over Other Languages
- Simple And Easy to Grasp
- Efficiency And Usability is Increased
- Data Processing
- Allows Maximum Control<|endoftext|>Technology Underpins the Fourth Wave of Environmentalism
I’m not referring to technologies like solar and wind power and others most often associated with the challenge of climate change. The technologies I’m referring to are less visible, which is ironic because the value they bring is to make crucial information visible and actionable.
The Fourth Industrial Revolution is the term the World Economic Forum uses to describe the drastic changes that technology (AI, Big Data, Blockchain, IoT etc.) are having across the global economy. When we talk about The Fourth Wave of Environmentalism, we’re describing how those technologies are upending our assumptions about environmental progress.
President Teddy Roosevelt launched the First Wave with his land conservation movement and National Park system. The Second Wave was the establishment of the EPA to develop and enforce legislation that reined in rampant industrial pollution. The Third Wave drove environmental progress through flexible and cost effective market-based solutions. And Fourth Wave technologies supercharge all of those approaches.
In any era, those doing the hard work of solving environmental problems take advantage of the best available tools, and in this era those tools include technologies that drive transparency, responsibility and low-cost solutions. Technology can be used for good or ill. But when sensors, machine learning and data analytics are used to shape smart policy, rein in offenders, and reward corporate responsibility, they enable changes that help people and nature prosper.
The cost of pollution sensors, data analytics, and IoT are all dropping fast, and that puts information in the hands of more people. It makes pollution not only visible but actionable. That action, however, depends on people. Technology won’t solve our problems by itself.
Emerging and powerful new technologies are rapidly being deployed around the world to better measure and understand what is happening now, and forecast what we can expect on the planet, in the oceans and in the atmosphere. These technologies will truly transform business and society as they enable much better analysis of how Earth is responding to the way humanity lives on it.
These technologies will reframe climate conversations as we bring real time global data into daily evaluations, and analyze these truly massive amounts of data to make sense of them, run simulations against them and make informed decisions concerning the ultra-complex, hyper-connected system that is our climate.
If it can be measured, it can be monitored and analyzed. Just as we have been able to reduce crime in major cities through the use of vast networks of closed circuit TV (CCT) cameras, satellites are beginning to watch Earth from above to monitor GHG emissions by country, and even with more pinpoint accuracy. Recent increases in CFC-11 emissions have successfully been traced to foam manufacturing plants in the Chinese provinces of Shandong and Hebei. Those factories have been shut down and CFC-11 levels in the atmosphere are dropping. New satellites are creating a global CCTV network that will act as a watchdog on all governments and corporations. Those countries and businesses will know their emissions are being tracked daily.
“The World Resources Institute is using satellites to track deforestation in the Amazon, and uploading the data to a website that alerts local authorities and the public to fires. Retailers are using blockchain to improve traceability and accountability across supply chains, from verifying the sustainability claims of the Indonesian tuna industry to managing energy trading across a solar microgrid in Brooklyn. Sensors on Google Street View cars measure and map methane leaks in Boston, Chicago, Dallas and other cities. Methane-detection units are being deployed in oil and gas facilities owned by Statoil, Shell and Pacific Gas & Electric.” – Wall Street Journal
Many of our environmental challenges — especially climate change — are linked to the workings of our global economy. Businesses must therefore play an integral role in solving them.
It is a time of deep mistrust in America. Technologies that deliver transparency give people the trust they need to take action. While the Trump administration does everything it can to obfuscate the scientific facts and roll back regulations, Fourth Wave tools level the playing field so different players (businesses, cities, consumers, NGOs, universities) can drive solutions when Washington doesn’t. As we are fighting against strong federal actions (and hoping for leadership), we need our other institutions to keep the momentum going.
In “Moving to a Finite Earth Economy”, we put the reduction of GHG emissions at the center of the economic system. Accurate and timely measurements of these emissions, from all sources, is essential to enforce regulations, taxes and fines. The technologies underpinning the Fourth Wave of Environmentalism enable the monitoring necessary for the transition to an economy we can live with.<|endoftext|>matematico tedesco (Ostenfelde 1815-Berlino 1897). Abbandonati gli studi di giurisprudenza, si dedicò alla matematica, compiendo ricerche fondamentali volte soprattutto a fondare l'analisi su basi rigorose, senza lacune o presupposti non dimostrati. Il suo lavoro fu raccolto, dopo la sua morte, nelle Gesammelte Abhandlungen (1894-1927). L'opera di Weierstrass, cospicua per chiarezza e logicità, è impostata quasi completamente sullo studio e la costruzione della teoria delle funzioni di variabile reale, nel cui ambito enunciò numerosi teoremi, e della teoria di funzioni di variabile complessa: di quest'ultima Weierstrass può essere considerato il fondatore. Weierstrass portò infine notevoli contributi allo studio delle funzioni ellittiche e abeliane e del calcolo delle variazioni.
Una funzione f(x), definita in un insieme chiuso e limitato I, ammette sempre almeno un punto x0 di I in ogni intorno del quale l'estremo superiore della funzione coincide con l'estremo superiore della funzione in tutto I; in modo analogo il teorema vale per l'estremo inferiore.<|endoftext|>Tesislerde olusan atık suyu, uzaktan kontrol edilebilen biyoremidasyon cihazı ile doğru bakterilerin büyütülmesi, inkübasyonu ve dozajlanması ile organik atıkların parçalanması sağlanarak arıtılmaktadır.
Cihaz, doğadan seçilip izole edilmiş bakterilerin besiyeriyle birleştirilmiş tablet halindeki spor formunu eser miktarda fermantasyon tankına alarak üremesini ve inkübasyonunu sağlar. Böylelikle aktif haldeki sıvı bakteri solüsyonu biyoremidasyon için en uygun hale getirilmiş olur.<|endoftext|>روز یکشنبه 16 بهمن ماه اتحادیه کارگران حمل و نقل دریایی جهان در حمایت از حق کارگران بریتانیا برای اعتصاب، به تظاهرات تودهای پیوسته اند.
بیش از نیم میلیون معلم، کارمند دولتی و رانندگان قطار بریتانیایی هفته گذشته در بزرگترین اعتصاب هماهنگشده در دو دهه گذشته، روز چهارشنبه به دلیلعدم پرداخت حقوق عادلانه و محدود کردن حق اعتصاب کارگران خدماتی در شهرهای بزرگ انگلستان اعتصاب کردند. فدراسیون بین المللی کارگران حمل و نقل کشورهای مشترک المنافع نیز به همراه “آی تی اف” این اعتراضات را دفاع از حقوق مدنی و حقوق بشر کارگران انگلیسی ارزیابی و از آن حمایت کرده است.<|endoftext|>To treat well water with bleach, use a pump to clear the well of any dirty or cloudy water, and then add chlorine bleach to the well. This bleach is not found in the supermarket and must obtained from a professional who sells water treatment products.
The amount of bleach needed depends on the size of the well. For example, a well 10 feet deep and 32 inches in diameter requires 3 quarts of chlorine bleach. Mix the bleach with 5 to 10 gallons of water, and carefully pour it into the well. Use water from a garden hose to help the mixture circulate around the well. When you detect a strong smell of chlorine, turn the hose off, and cap the well.
Next, turn on the faucets in the home one at a time. They should be allowed to run until there is a strong smell of chlorine. When this happens, turn the faucet off, and turn another faucet on. This may take a while, but do not let the water run indefinitely. Let the water sit undisturbed for at least 8 to 12 hours, and then purge the water of most of the chlorine, either by allowing it to run into the sewage system or by pumping it out of the well and disposing of it. Retest the water for pathogens.<|endoftext|>Many of us know that running is good for us, it helps build up your stamina, builds a stronger heart and helps to burn calories. Many of us also know, it’s not easy. So here are a number of reasons why you should try and start running.
You Will Feel Better
No matter how good or bad you feel, exercise will make you feel better. It goes beyond just the “runner’s high”— that rush of feel-good hormones known as endocannabinoids. In a 2006 study published in Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, researchers found that even a single bout of exercise—30 minutes of walking on a treadmill—could instantly lift the mood of someone suffering from a major depressive order. Even if you’ve never run before, start out by walking and jogging so you can build yourself up.
Your Self Esteem Will Improve
Need one more excuse to go green? Runners who ran outside and snagged a good view of nature showed increased self-esteem post-workout than those who didn’t enjoy their surroundings. So find a route or trial you love and just run and enjoy it!
You Will Look Better
Everyone knows that exercising burns calories and helps to shed those pounds, but what many people don’t know is that running helps to burn calories even after you’ve stopped working out. Studies have shown that regular exercise boosts “afterburn,” that is, the number of calories you burn after exercise.
You Will Get A Natural Glow
Believe it or not, working up a sweat can rid the face of all the things that clogs pores and leads to breakouts. A solid sweat session can also boost natural oils, keeping things fresh and healthy.
You Will Improve Your Posture
Running doesn’t just help you lose those extra pounds but also put your body in perfect shape. It tones up the body, develops your waist line and helps you keep a high head. Good posture has also been proven to psychologically make you feel better about yourself too.
Your Knees Will Get Stronger
Running increases bone mass and even helps stem age-related bone loss
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-پرفيوژن مجدد ميوکارد در موش صحرايي
این مقاله دارای ۸ صفحه میباشد، که برای تهیهی آن میتوانید بر روی گزینهی خرید مقاله کلیک کنید.
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مقاله اکسي توسين
مقاله ايسکمي-پرفيوژن مجدد
مقاله استرس اکسيداتيو
مقاله مالون دي آلدئيد
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جناب آقای / سرکار خانم: هوشمند فريبا
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جناب آقای / سرکار خانم: زاهدي اصل صالح
چکیده و خلاصهای از مقاله:
مقدمه: استرس اکسيداتيو نتيجه عدم تعادل بين توليد پيش سازهاي اکسيداني و ظرفيت دفاع آنتي اکسيداني بدن است. راديکال هاي آزاد اکسيژن نقش مهمي در ايجاد بيماري هاي قلبي-عروقي بر عهده دارند. در پژوهش حاضر اين پرسش که آيا اکسي توسين (OT) مي تواند استرس اکسيداتيو ناشي از انفارکتوس قلبي را در موش هاي صحرايي کاهش دهد، بررسي شد.
مواد و روش ها: ايسکمي ميوکارد با بستن شريان کرونر نزولي قدامي چپ به مدت ۲۵ دقيقه و پرفيوژن مجدد به مدت ۱۲۰ دقيقه ايجاد شد. اکسي توسين در دوزهاي ۱-۰٫۰۰۰۱ ميکروگرم ۳۰ دقيقه قبل از ايسکمي به صورت داخل صفاقي تزريق گرديد. براي اندازه گيري ميزان پلاسمايي شاخص استرس اکسيداتيو مالون دي آلدئيد (MDA)، در انتهاي پرفيوژن مجدد يک نمونه خون تهيه شد.
يافته ها: بين دوز اکسي توسين و سطح MDA پلاسما يک رابطه وابسته به دوز مشاهده شد. اکسي توسين۰٫۰۱ ميکروگرم به طور معني داري ميزان MDA را در مقايسه با گروه کنترل کاهش داد. بلوک گيرنده هاي OT به وسيله آتوسيبان موجب از بين رفتن اثر آن در کاهش استرس اکسيداتيو گرديد. ميزان MDA در گروه هاي L-NAME و آتروپين نسبت به گروه OT افزايش يافته و به سطح گروه کنترل رسيد. در گروه آنانتين ميزان MDA مانند گروه OT و به طور معني داري کمتر از کنترل بود.
نتيجه گيري: اکسي توسين در برابر آسيب استرس اکسيداتيو ناشي از ايسکمي-پرفيوژن مجدد مفيد بوده و در ايجاد اين اثر اکسيد نيتريک و استيل کولين نقش دارند. يافته هاي اين پژوهش پيشنهاد مي کند که شايد بتوان از اکسي توسين براي حفاظت بافت در مقابل استرس اکسيداتيو استفاده کرد.<|endoftext|>Museo Atlantico, is the first underwater sculpture museum in Europe and it is based in the Atlantic ocean ,
currently it consists of 500 sculptures, which are crafted by a British artist named Jason deCaires Taylor.
Taylor is well known for creating similar master pieces in Mexico, the Bahamas, and most recently in the Thames river.
A GLIMPSE OF MUSA
Taylor is a British artist, a sculptor and photographer; a diver and a naturalist.
And now he has become the pioneer of a drowned world . Taylor’s past works have always given the world something to be amazed at , the Museo Atlantico is what every one looking forward to as it is intended to spark a conversation. His largest-scale work as off today is the only underwater museum in the world named the Museo Subacuático de Arte (Musa).
Jason deCaires Taylor is sinking fast. Below, 15 meters under the surface of the sea, are the motionless beatifully sculpted human figures which will catch your attention .
MUSA it is located 26ft under the Caribbean in Cancun, Mexico, And consists of The Silent Evolution, which comprises of 500 statues, made from the casts taken from local people in the nearby fishing village of Puerto Morelos. The statues are basically to show how humans interact with the environment around them.
he tried his best to bring to picture both a positive and negative impact. He shows how humans can live with nature and make a workable future between the two. The negative is showing how humans have damaged nature, the coral reefs, and show no sympathy.
Taylor has just submerged these sculptures in Europe’s first underwater museum, Museo Atlantico, in Lanzarote.The museum was thought up by Marine Park Director Jaime Gonzalez Canto .
It took Taylor 18 months, 120 tons of concrete, sand, and gravel. There was 3,8000m of fiberglass, 400kg of silicone, and 120 hours of working underwater to create the worlds first museum.
The artist has crafted the sculptures in a technique were they would become artificial reefs and now these eerie statues are covered with algae and polyps of Coral, the plan worked and Cancun is now home to the biggest artificial reef in the world.
The sculptures are created with pH-neutral marine concrete, that was created with help from the help of some marine park officials and the Cancun Nautical Association
Three galleries have been created so far of which are located two underwater and one is on the land.
MUSA has got a permit to sink 1,200 structures in 10 different areas within the National Marine Park.
And as on date two have been developed, Manchones reef with 477 sculptures and Punta Nizuc with 23 beautiful structures.
Europe’s first underwater museum is opening this month on the 25th and is only Accessible to snorkelers and divers,
It will be a 3 hour tour breaking down which ,visitors get a 45 minute snorkel experience in the museum to see the schools of fish, turtles, rays etc etc.
After that , subjected to timing and weather conditions, the second site of visit will be fully of marine life. El Farito is a famous snorkel area just off the coast of Isla Mujeres where tourists get to enjoy a 20 minute visit and there ends the MUSA experience. so we planned to give you sneak peak to the wonderla before they experience it.<|endoftext|>這次印尼地震高達9.0級 我老爸在雅加達工作
一問之下才知道他也是看了新聞才知道有地震的 而且據說當地人都如此
請問是為什麼呢?
這是海底地震.這次災區所受到災情.都是因為了海嘯淹沒了整個鄰近島嶼國家...雅加達離震央很遠海嘯波及沒有到那裡..所以沒有造成影響<|endoftext|>Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Release: Employment Situation
The unemployment rate represents the number unemployed as a percent of the labor force.
The series comes from the 'Current Population Survey (Household Survey)'.
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Unemployment Rate - 4 years of High School, No Diploma, 25 years and over [HS4N25O], retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis; https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/HS4N25O, November 12, 2019.<|endoftext|>一品红对环境的适应性很强，很容易养活，并且在种植一品红时最好使用微量元素含量较为丰富、排水性较好的沙壤土，在养护植株时也需要为植株提供适当的水分和养分，提高植株的生长速度，让植株生长的更加旺盛。一品红容易养活吗
1、容易养活
一品红容易养活，但是在种植一品红时需要选择合适的土壤。一般一品红适合生长在微量元素含量较为丰富、土质较为疏松的土壤中，所以在种植一品红时最好适应有机质含量较为丰富、排水性较好的沙壤土或者腐殖土。
2、提供水分
一品红适合生长在较为湿润的环境中，所以在养护一品红时也需要为植株提供适当的水分，保持土壤处于湿润状态。同时在为植株提供水分时也需要注意浇水量，一般只需要在土壤干燥时为植株提供水分，让植株健康的生长。
3、补充养分
一品红在生长的过程中会消耗大量的养分，所以在养护一品红时还需要合理的为植株提供养分，让植株生长的更加旺盛。同时在为植株施肥时需要注意施肥量，最好可以将肥料溶解在清水中后提供给植株，让植株吸收更多的养分。
4、适宜光照
一品红适合生长在光照充足的环境中，光照不足就会导致植株无法正常的进行光合作用，所以在养护一品红时需要为植株提供适宜的光照，让植株可以健康的生长。并且在为植株提供光照时需要注意光照强度，以免强光灼伤植株。<|endoftext|>RandNumber è un tool completo che permette di generare numeri casuali, lanciare una moneta, tirare i dadi, pari o dispari, estrarre un elemento da una lista e anche di giocare a tombola.
Puoi lanciare i dadi o la moneta anche agitando il telefono e puoi abilitare la sintesi vocale che pronuncerà il numero estratto.
Se desideri che venga aggiunta una funzionalità contattaci, e se possibile l' aggiungeremo!<|endoftext|>Osman Bey ve Göktuğ buluşuyor! Kuruluş Osman 23. yeni bölüm
ATV ekranlarının sevilen dizisi Kuruluş Osman bu akşam 23. bölümüyle izleyici karşısına çıktı. Yeni bölümde Osman Bey ve Göktuğ buluşuyor. Kuruluş Osman dizisinin 23. bölüm özel sahnelerini takvim.com.tr/video adresinde bulabilirsiniz.
KURULUŞ OSMAN 23. BÖLÜMDE NELER OLACAK?
"Zalimleri affetmek mazlumlara zulmettir!"
Bala Hatun'la evlenen ve Şeyh Edebalı'nın desteğini alan Osman Bey gazayı başlatarak Alpleri ile birlikte harekete geçerken, Moğolların uçtaki temsilcisi Alişar Bey'i ve onunla ittifak yapan Dündar Bey'i hedefine koydu. Osman Bey, Alişar, Dündar ve Bahadır'ı Kayı Obası'na getirir. Dündar ve Alişar'ı ele geçiren Osman Bey, Moğollara karşı nasıl bir plan kuracak? Alişar, Dündar ve Bahadır'ın akıbeti ne olacak? Osman Bey'in, Bala Hatun'la evlenmesi Kayı Obası'nda nasıl karşılanacak? Zöhre ve Aygül, Osman'ın hamlesi karşısında ne yapacak? Geyhatu ve Moğollar, uç beyleri Alişar'ın yakalanmasına nasıl yanıt verecek?<|endoftext|>通常吸脂手术后的患者有几种不同的类型。在一项吸脂手术研究的数据库里，一共有481例病例，其中10%为男性。最常见的男性整形项目是多余组织切除、胸部整形、吸脂和生殖器整形。而女性整形项目多为腿部、上臂和臀部吸脂手术。
在所有参与研究的案例中，并发症发生率为42%，男性的吸脂手术中，有两种并发症是比较常见的，14.6%的男性与3.5%的女性发生血肿，25%的男性和13%的女性发生血清肿。男性吸脂后发生血肿的风险比女性高出近四倍，而血清肿的风险高出近三倍。其他并发症包括感染和其他更严重的伤口愈合并发症，两性之间没有显著不同。
这项新的研究发现男性吸脂手术后，血肿和血清肿发生率较高。不过，男女并发症发生率不同的原因还不清楚。可能是由于一些潜在的因素，如男性去除的脂肪量更大或血压更高等原因。
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互联网药品信息服务许可证编号：(粤)-经营性-2006-0009 互联网医疗卫生信息服务许可证编号：粤卫网审字(2006)第2号<|endoftext|>Four Words With "LA"Language brain teasers are those that involve the English language. You need to think about and manipulate words and letters.
All of the following words below contain the following two letters in them: "LA"
Fill in the blanks below, using the following list of letters:
E, E, F, G, H, K, P, R, U, Y, Y, Z
Hint1. Ends with the letter H
2. Ends with the letter Y
3. Starts with the letter R
4. Starts with the letter F
See another brain teaser just like this one...
Or, just get a random brain teaser
If you become a registered user you can vote on this brain teaser, keep track of
which ones you have seen, and even make your own.
Back to Top<|endoftext|>《公园男孩：动画版 第二季》 - 公园动画片一直以来，新斯科细亚最火热的乌合之众总是超不按牌理出牌。现在男孩们化身卡通人物，连接第12季的结尾继续疯狂。
很不错啊！个人感觉比之前两季好看一些。《真探第三季》(True Detective Season 3)，是由大卫·米奇和尼克·皮佐拉托联合编剧的美剧，由奥斯卡最佳男配马赫沙拉·阿里将担任主角。还不要忘记，与第一季中邪恶的超自然力量一样，这一季中亦有超自然的魔鬼还未露出真正面目。故事的发生地毗邻恶魔巢穴州立公园（Devil’s Den），地名即饱含恶意。孩子们失踪前被发现常常去林中玩耍，而且一定有人和他们在一起，给他们带来玩具与死亡的命运。男孩的尸体在公园的洞穴中被发现，当地的青少年和儿童也经常以“恶魔巢穴”为据点出没。整个城镇坐落在广袤的森林边缘，人类远古传说中的恐惧“into the woods”（到森林中去）就与这些居民日夜相伴，只不过未事发前他们浑然不觉而已。自然与超自然之间只有一线之隔，海因斯身上所映射出的正常与病态、真实与虚幻之间也没有清晰的界线。本季的海报语是：时间带走一切，除了真相。最后一集介绍： 韦恩因为一些私自的行动，被警局发现。上面的领导很生气，打算撤掉他警探的工作，不过在好基友罗兰的帮助下，这次的惩罚大大降级了。韦恩最后被调离了警探的一线工作，始终困在朱莉的案件中不能自拔，但也只能默默的继续追查朱莉案件。终于经过几十年的追查，韦恩终于得出了一些线索。一个独眼的黑人男性成为了可疑人员。韦恩和罗兰前往敬老院，寻找朱莉的母亲露西，看她是否知道什么。露西表示当时很难过，但的确有一个独眼的男士来到他家了，并说出了那个独眼人的名字。罗兰和韦恩基于这个线索，找到了一栋荒废已久的老房子，在老房子的地下室发现了一间涂满粉红色的房间，里面有各种女孩家具等，男主和基友一眼就认定这就是当时朱莉被困的地方。独眼人的嫌疑更加他与好基友找到了那个独眼人，独眼讲述了当时究竟发生了什么：朱莉以及小男孩的死因，以及这之后朱莉所发生的一切事情。原来朱莉因为长的非常像疯女人的过世的女儿，而被疯女人带到了其他地方，小男孩因为救自己的妹妹，头部撞击到了石头。朱莉被带走之后，一直服用着某种药物，这种药物导致朱莉也认为自己就是玛丽。
求动画片：一个双目失明的小男孩举着一副望远镜“看”天空。游客看见他在看就跟着看。讲从众心理的。
宫崎骏的动画？很金典<|endoftext|>Io sono della scuola di pensiero di Cocò per la quale “less is more” è per me un mantra ma, tra le tendenze della prossima stagione, avremo anche molti richiami all’opulenza e alla ricchezza. Naturalmente bisogna essere brave a saper scegliere cosa aggiungere senza superare la soglia del “too much” ma, se vi sentite sicure di voi e non volete passare inosservate perché non provare ?<|endoftext|>There are ESL party writing tasks on this page that will give you experience of using party vocabulary. Doing writing tasks is a good way to learn new vocabulary as you are able to take your time and really choose the best word to use.
When you speak or listen you do not have time to stop and look-up the meaning of words, but when writing you can do this. Therefore it is good to do writing tasks when you have time so you can choose and use the best possible word. If you need any help with the vocabulary to use when writing you can look at the ESL party vocabulary page.
This page has the four following exercises:
This first ESL party writing task has three topics that you should try to write something about. You should choose one of them and then try to write as much as possible. Use full sentences
|
2,995 | 1 | 3 |
: در این راستا، کارگروهی در وزارت نفت به ریاست وزیر نفت وعضویت معاون علمی و فناوری رییس جمهور، پژوهشگران و متخصصان در حوزه های مختلف و با محوریت سازمان بهینه سازی مصرف سوخت کشور تشکیل شده است که، در این کارگروه نسبت به تدوین دستورالعملی برای تحقق این هدف اقدام شده است.<|endoftext|>Start Early to Prevent Osteoporosis
Even though many osteoporosis-prevention messages are targeted at
older women, grandmothers aren't the only ones who should be concerned
about this major health threat. Girls as young as pre-teens are at an
age when they can reduce future bone loss through regular, moderate
This window of opportunity to "load our skeleton," or
increase bone mass, is brief -- starting right around puberty and
continuing through it, according to Kenneth Lyles, M.D., professor of
medicine in the division of geriatrics at Duke University Medical
"It is possible -- and there's pretty clear data -- that
weight-bearing exercise for girls as they just start going into puberty
is a very useful way to help them achieve their full skeletal
potential," says Lyles.
"We now realize that not only do you need
dense bones, but the structure of your bones is also important," he
explains. "Exercise can have a profound effect on bone strength. There
have been some very effective studies that show, if you have girls jump
off a box that's two feet high and land on both feet 100 times, three
times a week, this can have a very positive effect on bone density and
especially on bone structure."
Advertising that shows pre-teens
exercising or drinking a glass of milk can help make this age group
aware of healthy habits that can reduce their risk of developing
osteoporosis when they grow older.
"There are a number of
programs to try to convince young women to be more physically active,"
says Lyles. "I think habits should be lifelong. Trying to get someone
to do it who's never done it before is a real problem. I think people
should be encouraged to be physically active almost from the time they
can walk. And it needs to be set by families."
As for diet, Lyles
says calcium and vitamin D are key needs for osteoporosis prevention.
"Almost everyone, from childhood through the start of menopause, needs
1,000 milligrams of calcium a day," he says. "The easy way to remember
this is that the average diet with no dairy products provides between
400 and 600 milligrams of calcium. A glass of milk adds 250 milligrams;
a cup of yogurt is 200 milligrams. You want that daily intake, along
with 800 international units of vitamin D."<|endoftext|>Talal Mikdat, AA muhabirine yaptığı açıklamada, Lübnan ordusunun Beyrut'un güneyinde yaptığı baskınların, kanunları ihlal edenlere karşı yargı kararlarını uygulamayı ve güvenliği sağlamayı amaçladığını belirtti.
Mikdat aşiretinin herhangi bir askeri kanadı olmadığını söyleyen Mikdat, bazı kişilerin Mikdat aşiretinin yapısıyla çeliştiğini ifade etti.
Kaçırılma olayının aşiretin itibarını zedelediği için bölünmeye sebep olduğunu ifade eden Mikdat, aşiretin tüm Lübnan'a yayıldığını, aile fertlerinin Lübnan'da kanun ve devlet çatısı altında çalıştığını söyledi.
Mikdat, kaçırma olayının devlet aracılığıyla çözülmesi gerektiğini, Lübnan'ın güney mahallelerine yönelik operasyonların Lübnan ordusu ve Hizbullah koordinasyonuyla gerçekleştiğini ifade etti.
İstihbarat birimleri, Lübnan ordusunun desteğiyle dün gece düzenlediği operasyonda kaçırılan 4 Suriyeliyi Beyrut'un es-Selim Mahallesi'ne baskın yaparak kurtarmayı başardı. Operasyonda 2 kişi gözaltına alındı.
Mikdat aşireti, Suriye'de kaçırılan yakınları Hasan Mikdat'a karşılık 15 Ağustos'ta bir grup Suriyeli ve “Aydın Tufan Tekin” adlı bir Türk işadamını kaçırdığını duyurmuştu.<|endoftext|>Why Unicode for Coptic?
It is not intended to describe the Unicode concept here. There are several links on the web describing its advantages, specially when it comes to multi language support. If you are not familiar with Unicode, try as a start following links:
Well if you are just happy with entering and printing a text, then you probably don't need Unicode. But if you like to achieve more, like doing text proofing (spell checking), write multi language texts, do word sorting or transforming between upper and lower case and writing portable (i.e. application and platform independent) multi language text, then you should seriously consider switching to Unicode.
Since most of the existing Coptic fonts simply encodes the ASCII range into Coptic characters, your computer keeps "thinking", that you are writing a Latin language. If you have a pure text document, which contains more than one language - let us say for example English and Coptic: if you choose one of those fonts for Coptic to display it, then the English portion of text will be also displayed in Coptic letters. But if you write your text in one of the Unicode formats (for example UTF-8) with a Unicode font, then you can choose any font that defines both languages and both languages will be displayed correctly, no matter which text editor you use, no matter under which operating system you work, no matter if you use "more" or "cat" or whatsoever to display the text.<|endoftext|>در این مطلب گرامر Either or و تفاوت آن با Neither nor را با مثالهای ساده آموزش می دهیم. از یادگیری گرامر انگلیسی لذت ببرید.
به زبان ساده
1-Either or: هنگامی که بین دو چیز می خواهید یکی را انتخاب کنید که معنای مثبتی هم دارد، استفاده می شود.
- We can either eat now or after the show – it’s up to you. ما می توانیم الان غذا بخوریم یا بعد از سریال، این به شما بستگی دارد
2-Neither nor: در جمله ای که معنای منفی دارد و می خواهید بگویید اتفاقی برای هیچ کدام نیفتاده است ، کاربرد دارد.
- Neither my mother nor my father went to university. نه مادرم و نه پدرم، هیچ کدام دانشگاه نرفته اند
گرامر رو یک بار برای همیشه یاد بگیر: آموزش صفر تا صد گرامر با 16 ویدیو و یک پی دی اف
مفرد یا جمع
هنگامِ استفاده از either or یا neither or، به قوانین زیر توجه کنید:
1-اگر هر دو عنصر مفرد باشند، فعل هم مفرد است.
- Either the father or the mother has to attend the meeting.
یا پدر یا مادر، باید در جلسه شرکت کنند. (اسم Father و Mother مفرد هستند ؛ بنابراین فعل has هم مفرد است.)
- Neither Leila nor Nancy is going to write the report.
نه لیلا و نه نانسی قرار نیست گزارش بنویسند. (Leila و Nancy مفرد هستند؛ بنابراین فعل is هم مفرد است.)
2- اما اگر یکی از عناصر جمع باشد، از فعل جمع استفاده می کنیم.
- Either Sue or the girls are going to prepare dinner tonight.
یا سو یا دختر ها قرار است امشب شام درست کنند . (اسم Girls جمع است، پس فعل are هم جمع است.)
- Neither the teacher nor the students were in the classroom this morning.
امروز صبح نه معلم و نه دانش آموزان در کلاس نبودند . (اسم Students جمع است؛ بنابراین فعل were هم جمع است.)
یه تفاوت جالب و بسیار کاربردی: تفاوت How many و How much<|endoftext|>There is no question that technology is changing the way we do things, and it’s never too early to take advantage of what technology has to offer. Even young children can benefit from the latest tech gadgets, especially in the classroom. Here are five tools you should be using with your students this fall:
These are remote controls that students can use to anonymously answer, or “click in,” on questions that
you pose at the front of the classroom. Answers are then logged by a computerized system, enabling you to assess what your students know and what they need work on. Children these days are accustomed to using remote controls, so these nifty devices are a great way to encourage student participation and make learning fun and easy.
Remote Access Software.
If you’re lucky enough to be able to teach in a classroom that provides a personal computer for each student (a computer lab, for example), then you are probably well aware of the fact that it can be difficult to fully prevent students from drifting off (and into web exploration) if you can’t control what they’re seeing on their computer screens. Remote access software enables you to control their viewing experience, and even guide them through lessons on their computers. Some such software specialized for teaching even offers a virtual hand raising feature, which can dramatically cut back on distraction in the classroom.
A growing number of schools are welcoming these multifunctional tablets into the classroom, and there are many ways in which elementary schoolers can use them to learn, organize their assignments, and communicate with the teacher, fellow classmates, and even children across the globe. From iTunes educational apps through textbook ereaders, the iPad offers a wide range of tools that can aid the learning process, and all within a small and portable framework.
While this may look like a more traditional dry erase board, it is far from it. Smartboards are connected to a computer, so that you can “write” on the board with a special, computerized “marker,” switch from “page” to “page” without any erasing, and even save what you’ve written on the board and distribute a digital copy of it to your students and their parents via email!
Computer Remote Controls.
It’s likely that you will use a computer for a portion of your classroom instruction time. However, that doesn’t mean you will want to be stuck by the computer the entire time. A computer remote control allows you to walk around your classroom while you are giving instruction, all the while controlling what you’re doing on the computer remotely.
There is no shortage of great technology that can help you provide high quality instruction to your elementary students. Integrate these tools into your classroom to take the learning up a notch.
Is your child still having trouble despite technology in the classroom? Check out sites like varsitytutors.com for additional help!
Image credit: Wikimedia Commons<|endoftext|>Con il termine cinetosi, o chinetosi, si indica un insieme di disturbi che compaiono quando ci si sposta a bordo dei mezzi di trasporto, soprattutto la macchina, l’aereo, la barca o la nave, ma anche il treno.
Questa condizione è conosciuta anche come malattia del movimento, ma nel linguaggio comune si usano più spesso le espressioni mal d’auto, mal di mare e mal d’aria, a seconda del veicolo che provoca il problema.
Tutti possono sperimentare la cinetosi, ma i bambini tra 2 e 12 anni di età, le donne in gravidanza e le persone che soffrono di emicrania o di labirintite sono più a rischio di sviluppare i disturbi caratteristici di questa condizione.
La cinetosi è provocata dal moto del veicolo, che costringe il corpo a effettuare movimenti irregolari e a cambiare continuamente la propria posizione.
Anche se talvolta possono essere improvvise, nella maggior parte dei casi le manifestazioni della cinetosi compaiono gradualmente durante il viaggio. I primi sintomi sono di solito la nausea e una sensazione di malessere generale localizzata nella parte alta dell’addome e che coinvolge lo stomaco.
Con il trascorrere del tempo, questi sintomi possono aumentare di intensità e possono comparire altre manifestazioni:
Soprattutto nelle persone che soffrono normalmente di emicrania, la cinetosi può essere associata ad attacchi di mal di testa, mentre in alcuni casi, soprattutto durante il viaggio in mare, può comparire anche la diarrea.
Non sempre il disturbo si manifesta con tutti questi sintomi, ma spesso alcuni di essi compaiono contemporaneamente.
I sintomi si attenuano e tendono a scomparire quando il movimento si interrompe e si scende dal veicolo che li ha provocati. Inoltre, nel caso di lunghi viaggi come le crociere in nave, nella maggior parte dei casi i sintomi migliorano durante il viaggio, in quanto il corpo gradualmente si adatta al movimento dei mezzi di trasporto. Solo in casi rari la sensazione di malessere generale si mantiene per tutta la durata della permanenza a bordo del veicolo.
Se però i sintomi non scompaiono in breve tempo dopo essere scesi dal mezzo di trasporto, è opportuno consultare un medico per valutare la presenza di altri disturbi che possano favorire la cinetosi, per esempio quelli legati all’apparato vestibolare (presente nell’orecchio interno e deputato a garantire l’equilibrio), come la labirintite.
Rivolgersi al medico è importante anche quando c’è rischio di disidratazione a causa del vomito: questo vale soprattutto per i bambini piccoli.
La cinetosi è un disturbo di tipo neurologico che riguarda l’equilibrio e il movimento.
Compare quando il sistema nervoso riceve stimoli contraddittori da parte delle diverse strutture del corpo coinvolte nei processi legati al movimento e all’equilibrio: l’orecchio interno, l’apparato visivo e i sensori muscolari e articolari.
L’orecchio interno, sede dell’apparato vestibolare che costituisce il centro dell’equilibrio, rileva la direzione in cui avviene il moto, mentre la vista definisce la posizione del corpo nello spazio che lo circonda.
Nei muscoli, nei tendini e nelle articolazioni si trovano particolari recettori, chiamati propiocettori o recettori propiocettivi, che segnalano le variazioni nella postura, rilevando le parti del corpo in movimento indipendentemente dai segnali inviati dagli occhi. Inoltre, nella colonna vertebrale e nelle articolazioni delle gambe sono localizzati anche i recettori di pressione, che rilevano il contatto del corpo con il suolo.
Normalmente, il sistema nervoso centrale, formato dal cervello e dal midollo spinale, raccoglie ed elabora gli stimoli che provengono da tutti gli organi di senso – le orecchie, gli occhi e i recettori muscolari e articolari – rilevando in questo modo il movimento e consentendo al corpo di trovare e di mantenere l’equilibrio.
Tuttavia, in alcune situazioni i diversi organi possono inviare al cervello stimoli in contrasto tra loro, creando una condizione di “confusione” che può scatenare i sintomi della cinetosi. Per esempio, quando si viaggia in macchina e si osserva il paesaggio che scorre fuori dal finestrino, gli stimoli visivi che arrivano al cervello dagli occhi indicano che il corpo è in movimento, mentre le orecchie e le terminazioni nervose dei muscoli segnalano uno stato di quiete. Lo stesso accade quando si legge o si guarda uno schermo mentre ci si sposta su un veicolo: in questo caso la vista segnala che il corpo è fermo, mentre l’apparato vestibolare nell’orecchio interno percepisce il movimento del mezzo di trasporto e invia il relativo stimolo al cervello.
Un’altra possibile causa di cinetosi è l’eccessiva stimolazione dell’apparato vestibolare, che nelle persone particolarmente sensibili può provocare i sintomi. Questo avviene, per esempio, in caso di movimenti molto rapidi o bruschi: gli stimoli che indicano il cambiamento di posizione trasmessi dagli organi di senso risultano troppo numerosi, e il sistema nervoso non riesce a elaborarli adeguatamente e a inviare in tempo le “istruzioni” per stabilizzare la posizione.
Per questo motivo, la cinetosi non si manifesta solo quando si viaggia a bordo dei mezzi di trasporto, ma può comparire anche quando si svolgono altre attività, come andare in altalena o su una giostra, andare a cavallo, guardare un film con sequenze molto rapide o giocare con videogiochi con una grafica che riproduce movimenti veloci o bruschi; è il caso, per esempio, dei simulatori di volo o di guida, o dei dispositivi di realtà virtuale che simulano le condizioni di assenza di peso nello spazio.
Come detto, chiunque può soffrire di cinetosi, ma sono principalmente i bambini, che hanno un apparato vestibolare non ancora completamente sviluppato, le donne soprattutto durante gravidanza e le persone che soffrono abitualmente di emicrania o di labirintite ad avere un rischio più alto.
Tuttavia, non si sa ancora con certezza per quale motivo alcune persone sono particolarmente sensibili a questo disturbo, mentre altre non lo sono affatto.
Ci sono, però, alcuni fattori che, se presenti durante il viaggio, favoriscono lo sviluppo dei sintomi:
Non ci sono esami specifici per la diagnosi della cinetosi: il medico si basa sulla valutazione dei sintomi e su quanto riferito dal paziente. Eventuali indagini più approfondite possono essere necessarie se c’è il sospetto che siano presenti altri disturbi che possono favorire la cinetosi o dei quali la malattia del movimento possa essere un segnale, specialmente l’emicrania e la labirintite.
Per chi soffre di cinetosi, non esiste però una vera e propria cura: la migliore strategia per combattere i sintomi consiste nel prevenirne la comparsa. Tuttavia, quando si manifesta in forma lieve si possono adottare alcuni accorgimenti per cercare di controllarne gli effetti:
Quando si viaggia in macchina, guidare è di aiuto a combattere la cinetosi perché consente di mantenere lo sguardo fisso in avanti e di limitare i movimenti della testa e del collo, riducendo la percezione del movimento.
Se si soffre di cinetosi in modo più serio, con sintomi che hanno un effetto significativo sul benessere durante il viaggio, si può ricorrere a una terapia basata su farmaci antistaminici che possono prevenire o ridurre le principali manifestazioni del disturbo e che sono disponibili in cerotti, gomme da masticare o compresse da assumere per bocca.
Questi farmaci devono essere presi prima del viaggio, perché quando i sintomi si manifestano potrebbero essere meno efficaci. Inoltre, anche se sono farmaci da banco che non richiedono prescrizione, è meglio assumerli dopo aver consultato il medico, in quanto possono avere effetti collaterali, come stanchezza, sonnolenza, vista offuscata, mal di testa; inoltre, possono interfer
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ücel
Yayınevi : Can Yayınları
Pardon hanginiz intihar etmeyi düşünmedi?
Ya da şöyle soralım: Hanginiz yaşamın anlamını sorgulamadı?
Birisi var, sorgulamış: Nobel ödüllü Albert Camus. Adını da ‘Sisifos Söyleni’ koymuş. 20. asır felsefe tarihinin en önemli eserlerinden biri olmuş.
Sisifos, Yunan mitolojisinde cezalandırılmış bir kraldır. Cezası ağır bir kayayı tepenin başına çıkarmaktır. Ama ne var ki tam tepeye ulaştığında kaya ellerinden kayar ve aşağı yuvarlanır. Cezalı kral tüm bunları yaşamaya mahkum edilmiş.
İşte Albert Camus bu nokta da Sisifos’un cezaya tepkisini sorgulamış ve ‘uyumsuz'(insan açısından evrenin tutarsızlığını anlamış bilinçli insan ya da düşünceyi temsil eder.) üzerinden ‘intihar’ın gerekliliğini tartışmış eserinde.
Fransız Dili ve Edebiyatı profesörü Tahsin Yücel çevirisiyle okuyabileceğiniz bu 160 sahifelik deneme kitabının dili biraz ağır ama felsefe terimlerine azıcık vakıfsanız problem olacağını düşünmüyorum.
Keyifli Okumalar…<|endoftext|>Discover the world of Impressionist oil painting
Enjoy our extensive catalog of impressionist reproduction paintings.
The Impressionist Art Movement was derived from Monet’s Impression, Sunrise 1872.
The birth of Impressionism evolved from a very specific time period time and the Impressionist movement can be traced to Paris in the 1860’s where a group of four artists, Claude Monet, Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Albert Sisley and Frederic Bazille were studying together.
However, the famous artist impressionists list is long and includes Paul Cezanne, Edgar Degas, Camille Pissarro, Joaquin Sorolla and Mary Cassatt just to mention a few.
The impressionist artists rejected the previous traditions of painting classical and religious scenes. Instead they shared a love of painting landscapes and river scenes where the subtle effects of light upon the water and sun on the landscapes at differing times of day could be observed and captured in short brushstrokes which gave an “impression”.
Through the impressionist artists, painting outdoors, and painting en plein air became popular. It became a key ingredient for the impressionist art movement artists.
The first Impressionist Exhibition was held on 15th 1874. Thirty artists exhibited and 165 works were displayed which were viewed by an estimated 4,000 people. The Exhibition was generally welcomed despite some unfavorable reviews. It was on this day art history was made and the future of modern art was cemented.
It was not until the 3rd Exhibition that the group was called themselves “Impressionists”. Whilst later Exhibitions attracted enormous public attention, many of the artists were unable to sell their work and endured poverty throughout the period.
It was not until the great French Art dealer, Paul Durand-Ruel introduced Impressionist oil painting to America with his Exhibitions in major cities that awareness and demand for impressionist art increased and selling prices rose accordingly. As a result, Claude Monet became a famous artist and a wealthy man during his lifetime.
Enjoy our extensive catalog of replica oil paintings and beautiful impressionist paintings.
Buy and enjoy your own impressionist reproduction paintings here.<|endoftext|>تحلیل امتحان نهایی زیست شناسی
برای این که بتوانیم تحلیل درستی از امتحان نهایی زیست داشته باشیم، لازم است ابتدا با بخشی از تاریخچه ی برگزاری این امتحانات آشنا شویم.
امتحانات نهایی از سال ها قبل برای تعیین معدل کتبی دیپلم در ایران به صورت هماهنگ برگزار شده اند. این امتحان ها در حوزه های تصحیح اوراق تصحیح شده و نمره ی آن ها معدل کتبی دیپلم دانش آموز را تشکیل می دهد.
امتحانات نهایی پایه دوازدهم، هر ساله در سه نوبت خرداد، شهریور و دی برگزار می شوند.
سبک طراحی سوالات در نظام قدیم و نظام جدید آموزشی
در امتحانات نهایی نظام قدیم عمدتا سوالات تکراری بود. در حدی که گاها صورت سوال هم با صورت سوالات سال های قبل تفاوت چندانی نداشت. گاها جزوه هایی در بازار وجود داشت که در آن ها نمونه سوالات امتحانات نهایی سال های قبل وجود داشت. دانش آموزان با این نمونه سوالات، اغلب قادر به پاس کردن امتحانات نهایی با نمره ی متوسط یا حتی نسبتا خوب بودند.
امتحانات نهایی در ابتدای نظام جدید یعنی از دی ماه 1397 به بعد نیز روند نسبتا مشابهی با نظام قدیم داشتند. با این تفاوت که کتاب درسی در این نظام آموزشی تغییر کرده بود و بانک سوالات امتحان نهایی برای آن وجود نداشت. این امتحانات تقریبا تا شهریور ماه 1399 با رویه مشابهی برگزار شدند و گرایش طراحان سوال برای طرح سوال، بیشتر به سوالات موردی و مفاهیم کلی بود.
مفهومی شدن سوالات امتحان نهایی
با توجه به مشکلاتی که در روند برگزاری امتحانات نهایی رخ داد و همچنین اعتراض مدرسان و اندیشمندان حوزه ی آموزش، از سال 1400 سوالات رفته رفته طراحی مفهومی تری به خود گرفتند. طراحان سوال از مفاهیم کلی کتاب، به جزییات روی آوردند. طرح سوالات مفهومی تر با نیاز به دقت بیشتر را در دستور کار خود قرار دادند. در انتهای سال 1401، خبری مهم بین ادارات آموزش و پرورش و همچنین مدیران تمامی مدارس متوسطه دوره ی دوم انتشار یافت. در متن این خبر اشاره شده است که از سال 1402 امتحانات نهایی به صورت کاملا مفهومی و متفاوت با سال های گذشته برگزار خواهند شد.
اما آیا واقعا اینگونه خواهد بود؟
در این مقاله، صرفا به تحلیل امتحان نهایی زیست دوازدهم خواهیم پرداخت.
تحلیل امتحانات نهایی زیست شناسی
به طور کلی مفاهیم مورد طرح سوال در سوالات زیست شناسی مشابه است!
در سال های گذشته بیشتر مفاهیم مورد نظر در طرح سوال درس زیست شناسی، تکراری بوده اند. قبل از شروع به تغییر سبک سوالات، مثلا یکی از این مفاهیم در یک نوبت برگزاری امتحان، به صورت تشریحی و در نوبت بعدی امتحان به صورت پر کردن جای خالی مطرح می شد. نمونه ی این کار را در تصویر زیر مشاهده می کنید.
به عبارتی می توان گفت که سوالات مطرح شده کلی تر، کم عمق تر و موردی بودند. تا حدی قابل تعمیم است که بیشتر، طراحان سوالات خود را از ابتدای پاراگراف ها طرح می کرده اند.
سبک جدید طراحی سوال در امتحانات نهایی زیست شناسی
شکل طراحی سوال
در سبک جدید طراحی سوال مفاهیم نسبت به قبل تغییر چندانی نکرده اند. از دی ماه 99 به بعد، هر امتحان زیست شناسی چند سبک سوال ثابت دارد. چند گزاره که باید صحیح یا غلط بودن آن ها مشخص بشود. چند جمله به همراه جای خالی که دانش آموز باید آن ها را تکمیل کند. جملاتی که باید کلمه متناسب با آن ها از داخل پرانتز انتخاب شود. البته این سوالات در دوره های قبل هم مطرح می شده اند. در سبک جدید طراحی یک یا چند سوال که به تصاویر کتاب مربوط هستند به چشم می خورد. همچنین جدولی که در آن باید کلمات با جملات مناسب خود مرتبط بشوند.
مفاهیم مورد توجه طراحان سوال زیست شناسی
در ابتدای طرح سوال امتحانات نهایی زیست شناسی نظام جدید به ابتدای پاراگراف ها توجه بیشتری می شد. طرح سوالات غالبا به صورت نام بردن موارد و یا از بخش های ساده انجام می شد. اکنون با تاکید بر تغییر سبک سوالات، بیشتر انتهای پاراگراف ها مورد توجه طراحان قرار می گیرد. طراحان سوال بجای نام بردن و یا ذکر کردن مطالب، در طرح سوالات، بیشتر به مفهوم و چرایی این مطالب توجه می کنند.
آیا مفاهیم مورد طرح سوال در امتحان نهایی زیست شناسی تغییر زیادی خواهند داشت؟
تا کنون مفاهیم مورد طرح سوال در امتحانات نهایی زیست شناسی، تغییر چندانی نداشته اند. لازم به ذکر است که این مفاهیم مربوط به قسمت های خاصی از کتاب نبوده اند و غالبا از بخش هایی که ارزش طرح سوال داشته، پرسش های امتحانی مطرح شده است. با توجه به اخبار و بخشنامه ها که اشاره به تغییر کلی در سبک امتحانات نهایی داشته اند، پیش بینی ما این است که این تغییرات در امتحان نهایی درس زیست شناسی چشمگیر و قابل توجه نخواهند بود.
در چاپ کتاب زیست شناسی بخش جدیدی وجود ندارد. از طرفی طراحان سوال از مفاهیمی که ارزش طراحی سوال داشته اند انواع سوال را طرح کرده اند. اگر بنا به سخت تر کردن سوالات زیست شناسی باشد، قدم بعد، طرح سوالات ترکیبی خواهد بود. این امر نیز در امتحان نهایی ممکن نخواهد بود! زیرا امتحان نهایی تنها مربوط به یک عنوان درس از یک پایه است.
نهایتا تغییری که می تواند در سبک طراحی سوالات صورت گیرد، این است که بیشتر از قبل به دلیل پدیده های مختلف، چرایی مفاهیم کتاب و نمودار ها و تصاویر دقت شود. احتمالا سوالات ساده ای که از دانش آموز می خواهند چند مورد را نام ببرد، نقش کمتری در طرح سوالات خواهند داشت.
چگونه زیست را برای امتحان نهایی مطالعه کنیم؟
قطعا مطالعه کتاب برای شما نسبت به شرکت در کلاس یا مطالعه جزوه در اولویت است. می توانید به امتحانات نهایی سال های گذشته نگاه کنید تا بدانید در هر قسمت، مفاهیم مهم مورد توجه طراحان، در کدام قسمت های کتاب بوده اند.
برای این که بتوانید با جلوگیری از اتلاف وقت به سوالات هر فصل به تفکیک دسترسی داشته باشید، می توانید مجموعه سوالات امتحان نهایی فصل به فصل لب کلام را به صورت رایگان دانلود کنید.
در این مجموعه سوال، ما علاوه بر این که سوالات امتحان نهایی را به صورت فصل به فصل تفکیک کردیم، انواع مختلف سوالات را نیز به تفکیک قرار دادیم. علاوه بر این در ابتدای هر فصل، یک نقشه مطالعه وجود دارد. می توانید آموزش استفاده از نقشه مطالعه را در لینک بالا مشاهده کنید. یکی از فواید نقشه مطالعه ابتدای هر فصل، قابلیت مرور عالی و سریع پیش از امتحان است.
همچنین می توانید ویدیو های جمع بندی امتحان نهایی زیست شناسی لب کلام را به صورت رایگان مشاهده کنید.<|endoftext|>Christmas is not a just day. Instead, it is a 12 day celebration that begins (in some traditions) on December 25th and continues for 12 days (until January 6th). As a reminder, we have the 12 Days of Christmas carol.
For each of the 12 days of Christmas, I will be posting one event / person from my genealogical research that relates (sometimes in a rather convoluted way) to the particular gift of that day in The 12 Days of Christmas. If you wish to peruse the entire schedule, check previous posts for Days 1-6 and Days 7 – 12.
Dec. 28 – Three French Hens (Day 3)
French hens were just domesticated chickens. Where does your genealogy have French connections? Who migrated into France? or from France to elsewhere? Did any of your immigrant ancestors sail from France?
The Boyer family really originated in France. From there some of its members emigrated to Germany because of religious persecution. They located in Bavaria, where the family name became changed to Beyer. The great-grandfather of Mr. Boyer was Johannas Nicholas Beyer. He was born in 1753 and in 1755 came with his parents to America.
Until recently I would have said that I have no known French roots. Now I know that one family of Pennsylvania German stock, was originally from France. On the basis of William E. Connelley’s “A Standard History of Kansas and Kansans” (page 2530) and numerous membership application to the Sons of the American Revolution, my 4g-grandfather (Johannes Nicholas Boyer) emigrated from Bavaria with his parents in 1755. Connelley wrote: “The Boyer family really originated in France. From there some of its members emigrated to Germany because of religious persecution. They located in Bavaria, where the family name became changed to Beyer.” The indication is that the family name in France was Beyerre. So, we have Beyerre (France) to Beyer (Bavaria) to Boyer (United States).
John Brenner and his brother, Conrad, both sailed from LeHavre, France, in the 1850s. My reading has suggested varying reasons that emigrants from southern Germany would choose LeHavre as port of departure. 1) It has been suggested that those from southern Germany were not in love with north German cuisine (which included much more seafood). 2) There was also a thriving southern German community in the port city of Lehavre. That not only meant more familiar cuisine, fewer language barriers, and rooming facilities prior to booking passage on a ship. 3) It seems that it was easier to book passage where fewer questions were asked (LeHavre), rather than where every “i” needed to be dotted and every “t” crossed (the ports in northern Germany). It was easier for someone who was running away to do so from LeHavre.
Because of the travel pass, it would appear that John Brenner was not running away (at least, not officially). His story reads like that of one who saw the new world as a land of opportunity. He took full advantage of that opportunity once he arrived in the United States.<|endoftext|>Medium Term Volunteering in Belgio e Spagna
MTM (Medium Term Volunteering) in Belgio
Stai pensando di prenderti un anno sabbatico, e vorresti fare un'esperienza all'estero? Oppure magari vorresti avere l'opportunità di metterti in gioco in un Paese diverso, imparando un'altra lingua? O magari ancora sei alla ricerca di un po' di esperienza da inserire nel cv? … quali che siano le motivazioni che ti spingono, ecco due progetti che possono fare al caso tuo: uno in Belgio ed uno in Spagna.
Entrambi i progetti si realizzano all'interno delle comunità L'Arche: si tratta di comunità di accoglienza dove convivono persone adulte con e senza disabilità mentale.
In entrambi i casi la partenza è prevista verso la fine di agosto/inizio di settembre.
Trovi tutte le informazioni qui: http://www.incoweb.org/News/MTV-in-Belgio-e-Spagna<|endoftext|>Not: Bu konuda yeni Yammer 'daki bir özellik açıklanmaktadır. Klasik Yammer 'da bu özelliği kullanma hakkında bilgi için bkz: Klasik Yammer: Yammer gelen kutunuzu yönetme.
Yammer 'da en uygun konuşmaları görüntülemek, önceliklerini atamak ve yönetmek için Yammer gelen kutunuzu kullanabilirsiniz. Bildirim ayarlarınızdan, Yammer gelen kutunuzdaki tüm etkinlikler için e-postayla bildirim almayı seçebilirsiniz.
Gelen kutunuzda aşağıdaki eylemleri yapabilirsiniz:
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Tek bir konumda size uygun olan tüm Yammer etkinliklerini gözden geçirin.
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Daha sonra izlemek üzere "okunmadı" olarak işaretleyerek önemli konuşmaları önceliklendirin.
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Artık ilgili olmayan konuşmaları takip etmeyi durdurun.
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Okunmamış ve okunmuş iletiler için bölünmüş bir görünüm kullanarak konuşmalarınızı okuyun.
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Seyahat ederken mobil gelen kutusu 'nu kullanarak haberdar olun.
Gelen kutusu
Gelen kutusuna gitme
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Giriş akışının altındaki sol sütunda gelen kutusu simgesini tıklatın.
İlgili konuşmalarınız okunmamış mesajlar, özel iletiler ve tüm iletiler halinde sıralanmıştır
Yeni özel Ileti oluşturma
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Yeni özel ileti'yi tıklatın.
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Katılımcı adlarını ekleyin ve Gönder'e tıklayın.
Bir iletiyi okunmadı olarak işaretleme
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Gelen kutunuzda iletinin üzerine gelin ve okunmadı olarak işaretle düğmesini tıklatın.
Bu işlem sizi gelen kutunuzun üst düzey görünümüne geri getirir.
Gelen kutusu 'nda konuşmayı takip etmeyi durdurma
Gelen kutunuzda konuşmayı takip etmenin iki yolu vardır:
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Konuşmada, üst üstbilgide gelen kutusu 'Nda takip etmeyi durdur 'u tıklatın.
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Konuşmadaki herhangi bir iletiden, diğer menüsünde takip et 'i tıklatın.
Konuşmayı izlemeyi veya konuşmayı izlemeyi durdurursanız, konuşma gelen kutunuzdan kaldırılır ve konuşmada ek iletiler gelen kutunuzda gösterilmez.
Aşağıdakileri durdurduğunuz konuşmalar, aşağıdaki durumlardan birinde gelen kutunuzda yeniden görüntülenir:
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Konuşmayı izlemeye karar verirsiniz.
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Bir Kullanıcı, konuşmada yazdığınız bir iletiyi doğrudan yanıtlar.
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Siz konuşmayı bitirdikten sonra bir @mentions kişiden sohbet edin.
Konuşmayı takip etme
Konuşmanın parçası olmasa bile belirli konuşmaları izleyebilir ve bunları gelen kutunuzda depolayabilirsiniz.
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Konuşmadaki diğer menüsünde gelen kutusu 'nda takip et 'i tıklatın.
Takip ettiğiniz konuşmalar gelen kutunuzda saklanır, böylece bunları görüntüleyebilir ve yönetebilirsiniz.
Gelen kutusu 'nda ileti arama
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Yalnızca gelen kutusu içeriğinizi okumak ve okunmamış iletiler dahil etmek için, gelen kutunuza gidin ve üst başlığın arama kutusunda herhangi bir yeri tıklatın.
Sık sorulan sorular (SSS)-genel
S: gelen kutuma hangi iletiler gönderilir?
A: gelen kutunuz, takip ettiğiniz tüm iletileri içerir. Genellikle bu, eklediğiniz veya @mentioned olduğunuz özel mesajlar, Duyurular ve konuşmalar anlamına gelir.
İstediğiniz konuşmayı izlemeye de karar verebilirsiniz. Bunu yapmak için, konuşmanın diğer menüsünde gelen kutusu 'nda izle 'yi tıklatın.
S: bir konuşmayı gelen kutuma göre nasıl tanımlayabilirim?
A: aşağıdaki yöntemlerden birini kullanın:
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Özel bir ileti oluşturun.
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Bir topluluk konuşmasını yanıtlayın.
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Konuşmanın diğer menüsünde gelen kutusu 'nda takip et 'i seçin.
S: bir konuşmayı başka bir kullanıcının gelen
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长这件家具的使用寿命，使其得以代代相传。
请避免在家具表面上使用硅酮蜡，柠檬油，或者其他用于上光的油。每件Baker 家具的表面都饰有一层保护漆或涂层，以减少日常专业保养的次数，平时只要简单清除表面灰尘即可。但是，对于表面使用比较多的家具，我们建议在家具表面涂一层高质量的软蜡，比如Minwax饰面蜡，经常使用可为家具提供多一层的保护，避免表面刮花及水渍。Minwax饰面蜡在许多家居装饰店里都可以买到。然而，上蜡保养的频率取决于家具的受损程度，新家具在使用前应该上一次蜡，写字桌或者桌面应该隔三个月上一次蜡，边桌每六个月上一次蜡。写字桌或其它桌子及衣柜的两边和前面都可以不用上蜡。不仅如此，在上蜡前，家具必须是保持清洁。可用被温肥皂水（不含氨）打湿的布或者海绵来清洁食物残渣。对于油渍及油污可以用Murphy肥皂和湿抹布清洁。在清洁家具时要根据清洁产品的说明书的指示进行。清洁完后用干净、柔软的布将家具彻底擦干。在家具的表面涂上一层薄薄的蜡，然后一点一点均匀涂开。要顺着木头的纹理打磨涂开，然后用柔软的干布抛光。上蜡后的Baker木制家具也需要定期除尘。对已经上蜡的地方要用不脱毛的微湿抹布清洁，然后迅速的用柔软的干布擦干。也可以使用预先处理过的不会刮花家具的清洁抹布进行除尘。当清洁没有上过蜡的家具时。我们建议使用不含硅的抛光清洁剂，比如Endust。因为硅会伤害家具表面的涂漆，也很难重新上漆。柠檬油和其他抛光的油都应该避免使用，因为他们极易吸灰,且容易使表面看上去不清洁。最后，对有色漆面、皮革、乌木和石膏产品的保养，也可以参考木制产品的保养步骤。
若产品使用了有特定纹理及手绘饰面，其表面呈蛋壳色泽，这类家具产品不应该进行打蜡或抛光，否则会使其表面光亮度过高。应该用中性的肥皂水清洁，并用干净柔软的干布迅速擦干表面。
Baker大理石能渗透水并且在没有保护的情况下有可能会染色。因此，大理石可以用中性的清洁剂和温水清洁，先用干净的水清洗，然后用干净的软布擦干，确保没有任何残留水渍。如果这样不能清洁干净，可用白醋重新清洁一遍。同时，也需要定期使用用高质量耐黄的蜡来对大理石进行抛光。请避免使用粗糙的清洁剂。若发现食物和液体残留物，请立刻用柔软的湿抹布清理掉。杯垫的使用也可避免液体溅出形成环形污渍。
应定期使用干抹布或者微湿的软布对皮革类产品进行清洁。避免使用洗革皂和其他清洁剂。皮质办公桌和桌面都有一层涂漆层，因此，可以略微打些蜡。若是羊皮表面，只需用干刷，略微刷一下即可。由于羊皮不可清洗，请避免液体污渍在表面残留。
所有软包家具的布料表面都应该定期使用吸尘器除尘。但羽绒靠垫不可用吸尘器吸，应该用刷子进行除尘。请尽可能的常常翻转拍打靠垫。若需要全面清洁时，建议交由专业的清洁服务团队处理。
所有软包家具的布料表面都应该定期使用吸尘器除尘，以延长它们的使用寿命。然而，一些绣面精美的布料不可用吸尘器吸，应该用刷子进行除尘，以避免破坏其布料的纤维。若需要全面清洁时，建议交由专业的清洁服务团队处理。若是有墨水渍等，必须迅速清除。处理这类污渍只能用温和的无水的稀释剂或者干洗用的清洁产品。请注意一定要先小面积试验一下。即使靠垫套有拉链，也不代表可以单独干洗或者清洗，。任何情况下都不要用漂白剂清洗。蒸汽或者水基清洗剂的使用可能会导致布料严重缩水或者晕染。不要用滚筒式清洗方式，因为这样可能会损害布料的衬里或者导致缩水。所有的布料都会折旧，因此，布料的耐用性与它的保养和使用方法息息相关。建议交由专业的清洁服务团队处理。
所有软包家具的布料表面都应该定期使用吸尘器除尘。然而，一些绣面精美的布料不可用吸尘器吸，应该用刷子进行除尘，以避免破坏其布料的纤维。同样，羽绒靠垫也不可用吸尘器吸，应该用刷子进行除尘。不仅如此，请尽可能的常常翻转拍打坐垫，并确保其两边和中间的沙发坐垫之间应该尽可能地循环使用。所有的靠枕和抱枕应该每一到两周翻转和抖松一下，应根据使用情况来保持其最佳的外观状态。羽绒靠垫应每年两次将其靠垫套卸下来，放置整个晚上从而使它的羽毛舒长开来。
皮质家具应该用微湿的柔软的白抹布清洁。避免使用洗革皂和其他清洗产品。对于污渍，应用温水和柔软的白抹布清洗污渍及其周围。如果污渍难以清洗，请用温和的清洁剂和柔软的白抹布轻柔的涂抹这块地方。请不要用力擦拭被弄脏的地方。
偶尔要用羊毛刷子刷一下磨面牛皮或者羊皮家居，从而理顺皮革上的纤维。用柔软微湿的白抹布来清洁污点污渍，并迅速的擦干，随后用羊毛刷子理顺皮革上的纤维。不要用肥皂，清洁剂或者漂白剂。请不要用力擦拭被弄脏的地方。尽可能地保持磨面牛皮和羊皮家具表面清洁，因为它们不易清洗。
避免在Baker家具表面上使用硅酮蜡，柠檬油，或者其他用于上光的油。Baker 家具的表面都饰有一层保护漆，因此，只需只需日常灰尘即可。但是，对于表面使用比较多的家具，我们建议在家具表面涂一层高质量的软蜡，比如Minwax饰面蜡，这样可为家具提供多一层的保护。避免产品的木制脚底接触潮湿表面，比如刚刚清洁的地毯。因为这样极有可能会损坏漆面或者导致掉色，污染地毯。<|endoftext|>皇冠足球开户去哪古特雷斯2050年全球35亿至44亿人的用水将受到影响
张郃寻见夏侯尚、韩浩议曰：“此天荡山，乃粮草之所；更接米仓山，亦屯粮之地：是汉中军士养命之源。倘若疏失，是无汉中也。当思所以保之。”夏侯尚曰：“米仓山有吾叔夏侯渊分兵守护，那里正接定军山，不必忧虑。天荡山有吾兄夏侯德镇守，我等宜往投之，就保此山。”
操引关公朝见献帝，帝命为偏将军。公谢恩归宅。操次日设大宴，会众谋臣武士，以客礼待关公，延之上座；又备绫锦及金银器皿相送。关公都送与二嫂收贮。关公自到许昌，操待之甚厚：小宴三日，大宴五日；又送美女十人，使侍关公。关公尽送入内门，令伏侍二嫂。却又三日一次于内门外躬身施礼，动问二嫂安否。二夫人回问皇叔之事毕，曰“叔叔自便”，关公方敢退回。操闻之，又叹服关公不已。
魏主闻知曹真已死，即下诏催司马懿出战。懿提大军来与孔明交锋，隔日先下战书。孔明谓诸将曰：“曹真必死矣。”遂批回“来日交锋”，使者去了。孔明当夜教姜维受了密计：如此而行；又唤关兴分付：如此如此。
操大喜，即令人工到彼砍伐。次日，回报此树锯解不开，斧砍不入，不能斩伐。操不信，自领数百骑，直至跃龙祠前下马，仰观那树，亭亭如华盖，直侵云汉，并无曲节。操命砍之，乡老数人前来谏曰：“此树已数百年矣，常有神人居其上，恐未可伐。”操大怒曰：“吾平生游历，普天之下，四十余年，上至天子，下及庶人，无不惧孤；是何妖神，敢违孤意！”言讫，拔所佩剑亲自砍之，铮然有声，血溅满身。操愕然大惊，掷剑上马，回至宫内。是夜二更，操睡卧不安，坐于殿中，隐几而寐。忽见一人披发仗剑，身穿皂衣，直至面前，指操喝曰：“吾乃梨树之神也。汝盖建始殿，意欲篡逆，却来伐吾神木！吾知汝数尽，特来杀汝！”操大惊，急呼：“武士安在？”皂衣人仗剑砍操。操大叫一声，忽然惊觉，头脑疼痛不可忍。急传旨遍求良医治疗，不能痊可。众官皆忧。
从上市时间上看，与不少游资都比较偏爱次新股相似的是，苏南帮对于次新股也比较青睐，在海通证券南京广州路自2014年以来参与的1739只股票中，上市不足1年的个股有713只，占比41%。<|endoftext|>Di Robert Bridge*
Tre decenni dopo aver tracciato un nuovo corso politico radicale, gli europei centro-orientali stanno ora esprimendo scetticismo nei confronti delle élite al potere, dei media e della democrazia liberale. Questi stati torneranno a un governo più autoritario?
In seguito al crollo dell’Unione Sovietica nel 1991, gli ex paesi del Patto di Varsavia si sono attaccati alla stella della democrazia liberale nella speranza di raccogliere tutte le libertà e le libertà che il comunismo non poteva permettersi. E per non commettere errori, molte persone hanno beneficiato proficuamente dei nuovi accordi politici. Tuttavia, per molti cittadini dell’Europa centrale e orientale, che hanno avuto l’esperienza unica di vivere sotto due sistemi di governo completamente diversi, i problemi inerenti alla democrazia liberale sono forse più facili da identificare.
Un sondaggio di opinione condotto da GLOBSEC ha monitorato gli atteggiamenti pubblici dei 10 paesi CEE (Stati baltici, Austria, Polonia, Repubblica Ceca, Ungheria, Slovacchia, Bulgaria e Romania) in merito alle loro percezioni dello stato di democrazia liberale nella loro le rispettive nazioni. I risultati sono stati meno che brillanti.
Democrazia liberale e suoi scontenti
Consideriamo la percezione pubblica delle istituzioni democratiche. Mentre la maggioranza ha affermato di essere a favore di un sistema democratico liberale completo con elezioni e un sistema multipartitico, solo il 40% ha dichiarato di essere soddisfatto del funzionamento della democrazia nei singoli paesi. Il popolo austriaco (l’unico paese nel sondaggio senza un passato comunista) ha riportato il più alto livello di soddisfazione all’86 percento, mentre all’altra estremità dello spettro, solo il 18 percento dei bulgari ha riferito lo stesso. Per i restanti otto paesi, meno del 50 percento della popolazione ha dichiarato soddisfazione.
È interessante notare che l’indagine ha rivelato una forte connessione tra le opinioni degli intervistati sulla democrazia liberale e il loro livello di felicità personale. In media, anche l’83 percento di coloro che sostengono la democrazia liberale è soddisfatto della propria vita. Ciò può indicare che per quegli individui che hanno raccolto tutti i vantaggi materiali di un sistema democratico liberale, ancorato com’è al capitalismo, possono facilmente perdonare o non vedere mai le carenze del sistema in cui vivono.
Sulla questione della fiducia nei partiti politici, tuttavia, il quadro non diventa molto più luminoso. In media, il 72 percento ha espresso sfiducia nei confronti di queste entità e questo sentimento è coerente con il calo dell’entusiasmo degli elettori per i partiti tradizionali in gran parte dell’Unione Europea. Le ragioni di tali atteggiamenti sono assolutamente uniche per ogni singolo stato e possono riflettere faide di lunga data con Bruxelles.
Il Partito dell’Ordine e della Legge della Polonia, ad esempio, ha recentemente attirato l’ira della Corte di giustizia dell’UE dopo che Varsavia ha assegnato alla Corte suprema polacca “poteri straordinari” per perseguire i giudici che si oppongono al governo. Bruxelles ha affermato che la mossa non era in linea con i principi democratici; Varsavia essenzialmente ha detto “fatti gli affari tuoi”.
Un altro esempio di Bruxelles che flette i suoi muscoli è arrivato quando il Parlamento europeo ha sanzionato l’Ungheria, presumibilmente per la repressione nei confronti delle ONG e dei media. Il governo del primo ministro ungherese Victor Orban, il leader di destra del partito nazionalista Fidesz, ha definito la mossa di Bruxelles “piccola vendetta” per gli sforzi di Orban per impedire ai migranti illegali di attraversare il territorio del suo paese sulla strada per l’Europa occidentale .
Questo tipo di schermaglie regolari lavorano per infiammare le tensioni tra i campi pro-UE ed euro-scettici, mentre fanno mettere in dubbio gli stati dell’UE il loro impegno per il progetto democratico dell’UE, che appare meno democratico ogni giorno che passa. In effetti, furono proprio quei tipi di percezioni negative che portarono molti britannici a sostenere la Brexit.
Manipolazione dei media
Non sorprende che anche il campo del giornalismo abbia avuto un ruolo nel sondaggio. Dei paesi interpellatii, solo la Lettonia ha registrato la maggioranza degli intervistati che hanno affermato di fidarsi dei media mainstream. Gli altri intervistati hanno indicato attori statali e oligarchici che lavorano dietro le quinte per manipolare notizie e informazioni. Nel loro insieme, la mancanza di fiducia nei media stava costringendo molte persone a cercare “fonti alternative” per le loro notizie e informazioni, persino dilettandosi nelle cosiddette “teorie della cospirazione” per spiegare gli eventi.
Da quando il sondaggio è stato condotto in mezzo alla pandemia di Covid-19, ciò potrebbe spiegare ancora un’altra scoperta inquietante, che ha dimostrato che oltre il 50% degli intervistati ha dichiarato che sarebbe disposto a “scambiare parte delle proprie libertà in nome della sicurezza”. Questa è una tendenza preoccupante poiché il segno distintivo della democrazia liberale è sempre stato il suo amore per la libertà e l’espressione personale. Oggi, tuttavia, con così tante persone preoccupate per la loro sicurezza personale, molti sembrano arrivare alla conclusione che la democrazia liberale lì sta fallendo.
I governi occidentali hanno buone ragioni per preoccuparsi dell’umore prevalente nell’Europa centrale e orientale. Dopotutto, anche la maggior parte delle capitali occidentali soffre di problemi gravi. Dalla mossa di Londra per districarsi dall’UE, a Washington nel tentativo di reprimere le tensioni razziali, si potrebbe essere tentati di concludere che l’Occidente si è trasformato in un violento incendio nel cassonetto.
Tali percezioni danneggiano naturalmente il marchio politico noto come “democrazia liberale” e
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Healthy cooking emphasizes the use of fresh fruits and vegetables as they are the core of healthyeating. When you cook at home, you can easily choose recipes that use colourful, leafy veggies andbenefit from the nutrients they contain.
Home cooking also gives you a chance to introduce yourself to new vegetables. Those who eatoutside often are deprived of these nutrients as the meals often contain frozen ingredients andprocessed foods, devoid of nutrients.
Cooking regularly at home lets you keep your recipes healthy by using the ingredients in theirnatural form. You can ensure that the diet contains a maximum of whole foods to avoid losing theirnutrients.
Home cooking methods also preserve the nutrition in the foods as processed foods are avoided.When you eat at home, you can satisfy your cravings for sweets with natural, delicious fruits that benefit your health. There are also plenty of healthy sugar-free desserts that you can make at homein no time.
5. Cooking & Food Preparation Skills At A Young Age Predict Nutritional Outcomes In Adulthood
Though the practice of home cooking is declining in importance, a study indicates that thedevelopment of cooking and food preparation skills is significant for health and nutrition. Accordingto this study, developing cooking skills at a young age can have long-term benefits on health andwellness.
The impact of learning to cook as a young adult may not be apparent until adulthood when peopleget more opportunities and responsibilities for preparing food.
What makes this claim so powerful is the large size of the sample used for the analysis over a periodof ten years to study the impact of cooking skills on nutritional well-being in the later years of life.
Participants of the study were asked about the adequacy of cooking skills in the early age of 18-23years which was high for a quarter of them. This adequacy predicted nutritional outcomes inadulthood like greater chances of cooking with vegetables and less frequent consumption of fastfoods. Such habits result in long-term benefits for well-being in adulthood.
There are various reasons you should emphasize healthy cooking at home. These facts backed byscientific studies should help you understand how cooking at home benefits your health andwellness.
Cooking healthy gives you a chance to eat a balanced, nutrient-rich diet that saves you from illnessesand helps you maintain weight.
If you”;d like to master healthy cooking skills and make healthy eating a habit, take a look at ourOnline Healthy Cooking School, where we equip students with skills and knowledge, that transformlives.
The post 5 Science-Based Reasons Why Healthy Cooking Is Important? appeared first on Online Cooking Classes.
Read more: happybellyfish.com<|endoftext|>【资料图】
乐居财经讯孙肃博8月4日，阳光100中国(02608)发布公告披露，公司已于2022年7月22日接获来自罗兵咸永道会计师事务所的苏文俊及庄日杰的函件，内容有关于2022年7月11日委任共同及个别接管人接管公司合共971,335,000股普通股，占公司于本公告日期已发行股份总数约38.08%。
该等接管人是依据（1）乐升控股有限公司作为押记人，BeyondSteadyLimited作为承押记人（委任人）所订立的日期为202年12月16日的补充股份押记；（2）CentralNewVenturesLimited作为押记人及委任人作为承押记人所订立的日期为2020年12月16日的补充股份押记；（3）PanUnitedHoldingsLimited作为押记人及委任人作为承押记人所订立的日期为2020年12月16日的补充股份押记；及（4）王志强作为押记人及委任人作为承押记人所订立的日期为2020年12月16日的股份的补充帐户押记而获任命。
据悉，乐升为阳光100中国的控股股东，持有阳光100中国已发行股份总数约66.38%（当中包括9.21%衍生权益）。CentralNewVenturesLimited为阳光100中国主要股东及关连人士。于本公告日期，CentralNewVenturesLimited的60%已发行股本由上海励博投资中心（有限合伙）持有。北京富鼎信投资管理有限公司（由富鼎和股权投资基金管理（天津）有限公司全资拥有）为上海励博投资中心（有限合伙）的普通合伙人。PanUnitedHoldingsLimited及王志强目前为独立于阳光100中国及其关连人士的第三方。
押记股份为部分债务人（包括乐升及易小迪）根据就阳光100中国根据阳光100中国与委任人所订立日期为2017年12月18日的认购协议发行的认购股份有关的一系列协议，履行义务所做出的抵押。
根据公开可得的资料，委任人为HuarongInternationalFinancialHoldingsLimited的全资附属公司，其已发行股份在联交所主板上市（股份代号：993）。
于本公告日期，乐升、CentralNewVenturesLimited、PanUnitedHoldingsLimited及王志强分别持有492,947,000、310,263,000、58,125,000及110,000,000股押记股份，合共占阳光100中国已发行股份总数约38.08%。
经董事作出合理查询后所深知、尽悉及确信，于本公告日期，据了解，该等接管人尚未就押记股分开始招揽有意买家，亦无有意买家与彼等接洽。乐升正在与委任人就达成和解进行讨论及协商。
阳光100中国股份已自2022年4月1日上午九时正起在联交所暂停买卖，并将继续暂停买卖直至刊发其截至2021年12月31日止年度经审计初步业绩。<|endoftext|>The horrors of war would always impend over them, till Germany were seized and divided by Austrian and Prussian tyrants; an event which he strongly suspects was at no great distance. But setting these considerations aside, was it laudable to grasp at wealth and power even when they were within our reach? Were not these the two great sources of depravity? What security had he, that in this change of place and condition, he should not degenerate into a tyrant and voluptuary? Power and riches were chiefly to be dreaded on account of their tendency to deprave the possessor. He held them in abhorrence, not only as instruments of misery to others, but to him on whom they were conferred. (36)
Another unfortunate gap in this blog is now over. This one is due to my summer travels. Now, I am back in Taiwan and ready to write, beginning with the first American gothic novel: Wieland by Charles Brockden Brown. Brown was not only the first American gothic writer, he was the first professional novelist of the young American republic. A little context on this may be useful.
Early colonial society in British North America quickly became both diverse and quite different from England. This was due to the unique conditions, varied economies, and diverse ecologies of mainland North America. Some of the basic examples of this are planation slavery in Virginia and the Puritan town in New England. Over the course of the first half of the eighteenth century, as the colonies developed, they retained some of this uniqueness but became more alike and also more culturally tied to England. The evidence for this is in architecture, furniture, the books colonists read, and fashions. In short, the American educated elite created simulacra of English society, often on a smaller scale. Look at Jefferson’s home, Monticello. The American Revolution revealed the limits of this trans-Atlantic culture. Although independence was won politically and militarily, American culture was still tied to England. The early republican period was concerned not only with establishing the political foundations of American government, but also with establishing cultural independence. The most well-known example of this was Emerson’s call for a distinctive American culture, but the efforts preceded his declaration by decades. The quote above, from the early parts of Wieland show Charles Brockden Brown engaged in an effort to establish—in the written word—what made America different from Europe. Overall, despite the fact that Brown was importing the gothic tradition to America—he was clearly influenced by William Godwin, something even more apparent in Arthur Mervyn—he struggled to make it fresh and American. In this work, it comes across most clearly in the trans-Atlantic geography of the novel. Characters move across a wider canvas. (I am suddenly thinking of Lovecraft’s writing which was both intensely local but at times global in scale.)
Wieland is narrated by Clara Wieland and follows her life on a farm with her brother Theodore. Theodore Wieland married Catherine Pleyel. They maintain a close friendship with Catherine’s brother Henry. They live a quiet life of filled with conversation and intellectual fulfillment. Again, expressing a American sentiment, the Wielands are not wealth estates holders. They have a humble background, complicated by their father’s oddities and bizarre death. He was a follower of a strange religion, which he attempted to deliver to the Indians. He died suddenly of spontaneous combustion. This left the Wielands as orphans. When Theodore is given the chance of claiming an inheritance in Europe he refuses, choosing the more simple life. So, unlike in much of British gothic writing, we are not looking at the elite. However, in sentiment, custom, and morality the narrator Clara reveals a level of humble virtue that was so much a part of the early American ideal.
Their life is disrupted by the arrival of Carwin. He is physically mysterious and the details of his past are only revealed in fragments. Clara comes to know that he is wanted in Europe for robbery, but escaped to America. She is—it seems—attracted to Carwin despite the threat he poses to her virtue. Clara often claimed she felt he was a risk to her life as well, but the subtext is much more sexualized it seems to me. With his arrival Clara—and more importantly Theodore—start to hear voices. Many of these are produced by Carwin who has the ability to throw his voice, a skill he mastered and uses for his own benefit. Pleyel, who is preparing to marry Clara, overhears a conversation suggesting Clara had a sexual relationship with Carwin. Pleyel leaves after confronting her on this. Clara denies having this conversation. It was created by Carwin, who had his own designs on Clara. Later, Theodore killed Catherine and his children, claiming that he was ordered to by voices he has heard. Clara immediately blames Carwin for creating these voices. Carwin confronts Clara, confessing his malevolent uses of his ability, but denies ordering Theodore to kill anyone. Carwin saves Clara’s life from Theodore who escaped from jail. At the end, Clara leaves America for Europe, following Pleyel.
In order to interpret this, I want to go right to the question of human freedom. In the opening parts of the novel, America is presented as a land of equality and freedom. It gives opportunity to orphans and allowed social mobility. Nevertheless, we find our characters quite trapped. Clara is trapped by the sexual politics of the time, expectations of virtue, and general pertinence. Theodore, it turns out, is trapped by a madness that seems to run in the family. Perhaps his father’s religious delusions were rooted in the same madness that caused him to kill his family. Pleyel is much like Clara in his fidelity to social expectations. Carwin is the free agent that disrupts this system. As a consequence he may have driven Theodore over the edge with his use of his ability to create ominous voices. If we look closer, many of the chains that the characters feel are rooted in the Old World. Theodore’s inheritance threatens to transform him into an aristocrat. Carwin himself escaped from Europe and survives on remittances from Europe. Theodore’s philosophy, which is often tinged with fatalism, comes from books imported from Germany. We are presented with a type of chaos caused by the social and political disruptions of the American Revolution. Clara and Theodore seem to us like the United States, orphaned and set on their own, but traumatized by Old World burdens. Theodore reflects the madness of slavery, religious zealotry, and other more schizophrenic aspects to American life. Clara is filled with properness and virtue (what early American republicans thought Europe lacked) but ends up settled in Europe after coming to face with a certain madness of the frontier life. The death of her sister-in-law forced the break. “But now, severed from the companion of my infancy, the partaker of all my thoughts, my cares, and my wishes, I was like one set afloat upon a stormy sea, and hanging his safety upon a plank.” (141)
What I am trying to suggest is that the major theme of Wieland is separation and the division between the Old World and the New. Brown is uncertain quite where that takes him or what to do with it. Unlike a more vulgar work like The Contrast, which places American virtue and European hypocrisy in stark terms. In Brown’s Wieland the divisions are confused, chaotic, and traumatic. This makes it a more realistic tale.<|endoftext|>- 编辑锁定讨论999
指中国社会学史社会学
在中国的形成和发展史。这是从社会思潮中国的历史不同，从社会学作为一门独立学科的研究活动在中国启动。产于19世纪社会学的上半年，在19世纪后期，并逐步从国外引入中国。在中国的变化是密切相关的中国社会的历史学和社会学。社会学传入适应中国社会转型的需要，也是中国主要的社会变革的形成和发展。
- 中文名
- 社会学的中国历史
- 应用科学
- 社会学
- 适应
- 中国
- 代表
- 康，严复
中国是社会学的历史社会学
作为一门学科，以满足中国社会的需求为中国的基础上，在中国的发展，结合中国持续的实际和中国社会的历史上发挥作用。
中国社会学史，社会学学科是中国不可分割的一部分。这是一个历史社会学具有中国特色的，不仅是为了帮助人们更好地理解社会学理论本身的问题，同时也为在中国的曲折历程，提供了丰富的经验为今天的学科； 它也是一个社会学工作的一个必要组成部分的知识结构。 [1]
社会
社会学产生一半的19世纪的西方，一门社会科学，已经走过历史的一个半世纪了。“社会”不是一个外来词，中国古已有之。然而，在我国古代典籍，在更多的地方，“代理”，“会”是单独使用的话，代表了不同的概念。“会”或“收集”，“集结号”； 和“她”的意思是更复杂。它最初是指的仪式，后来用来指被人群居住区，再后来也指的聚集志同道合。两种“社会”的含义古籍进行扩展泛化，甚至是指一群人聚集在一个地方进行活动的一个共同的目的。
在西方，英语和法语兴业社会是来自拉丁美洲socius，意思是“伙伴”与中国“社会”有点类似，因此，将是第一个日本学者翻译成英文的社会明治年间的中国人物“社会”。
马克思曾经说过，“社会 - 不管其形式，它是什么？这是人们交互作用的产物。“他补充说：”采取生产关系共同构成所谓社会关系，构成了所谓的社会，被配置为一个社会历史发展到一定阶段，它有社会的一个独特的功能。“在这里，马克思指出，科学，社会人与另一个产品交互，是各类生产关系的总和，生产关系的实质是或社会的基础。社会是具体的，不是抽象的。
构成社会因素：自然环境，人口，心理因素，行为因素，社会因素，经济因素，政治因素，文化。 [2-3]
传统社会与现代社会
马克思主义经典作家对生产物质产品是基于社会形态上分为五种，即原始社会，奴隶制，封建主义，资本主义和共产主义。前三个社会形态，都属于传统社会形态范畴，后两者都属于社会的现代形式的类别。
传统和现代社会的比较
|传统社会||现代社会|
1。生物形态的社区
·小人稀，低的社会分化，相对简单的关系，整个社会基本上是一个“碎片化”和“机”。
·成年人，人口密度高，高度的社会分化，人际关系复杂，“有机社会生活。“。
2。社会系统
·低社会制度差异，亲属关系网络，宗教和政治制度也没有明显的区别。
社会控制的较为封闭和严重，需要均匀的行为，惩罚所有犯。
？ 没有独立的法律体系，基本上是由道德治理的法律，规训与惩罚开始抑制，通风公众的愤怒和复仇为出发点。
高度的社会分化，有一个独立的司法机构，和一般的道德观念和已经出宗教的影响。
社会控制更加开放，宽容通常是无害的恶作剧。
·高度独立的司法，法治强调抽象的原则。罪犯不一定受到惩罚，这可以得到解决或在一个更“人性化”的方法“教育”，“转型”。换句话说，处罚的重点是恢复社会秩序和之前的未受污染的恢复正常。
3。社会约束机制的基础
·机械凝聚力，从身份上人们对价值的认识和凝聚力。
·有机衔接，从尊重个人的凝聚力，鼓励个人发展； 寻求尊重的前提下，本着互惠互利的，个人认为合作的抽象原则。
基本背景
从西学思想的地位维新变法和崇高的理想保存此状态，这引起了近代中国社会日益恶化的基本的社会和历史背景或社会原因被带到中国。
用武力西方列强侵略中国的同时导致了深刻的变化在中国的传统社会结构。首先，它打破了前近代中国社会自给自足型停滞的经济制度和超稳定的政治体制，打破了中国“残酷的，内向的，来自世界和文明状态分离的”中国古都走向世界学说综合经济体系，他们成为原材料，大宗商品市场和加工点的来源。其次，世界资本主义入侵“迫使一切民族 - 如果它们不想灭亡的话 - 采用资产阶级的生产方式。“”迫使他们介绍了它在有自己的系统调用的文明，也就是变成资产者 。“第三，随着
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is an adverse reaction mediated by the immune system that occurs reproducibly upon exposure to the food. However, it is sometimes difficult to tell if your child has a food allergy or not. For instance, some people who eat or drink milk products then develop bloating and gas. This may be because they cannot break down a sugar in milk products called lactose. In such a case, the bacteria in the gut ferment this sugar and cause gas and bloating. This condition is known as lactose intolerance. Lactose intolerance is not considered a food allergy but rather a food intolerance. It can be helped with products such as Lactaid, an enzyme that breaks down lactose in your body, which can be taken before you eat or drink milk products to prevent symptoms. If you are not sure if your child has a food allergy, it is best to talk to your child’s pediatrician. He or she can also refer your child to an allergist for testing.
How are food allergies diagnosed?
The most important way in which a food allergy is diagnosed is by your child’s history. If the history is consistent with food allergy, your doctor may order allergy skin and/or blood tests to confirm the allergy. If there is doubt about whether the symptoms represent food allergy or not, then a food challenge may be performed. If your child has a food allergy, it is important that your child be seen by a board certified allergist for consultation and at least yearly follow-up appointments.
How common are food allergies?
It is estimated that up to 8% of children and up to 3-4% of adults have food allergies.
What are the most common food allergens?
Milk, soy, wheat, eggs, peanuts, tree nuts, fish, and shellfish cause over 90% of all food allergies. However over 170 foods have been reported in the literature to cause food allergic reactions.
What caused my child’s food allergy?
A combination of genetic and environmental factors. It is estimated that children who are born to parents who have allergies are 60% likely to develop some kind of allergy, whether it be eczema, hayfever, food allergies, or allergic asthma. If only one parent is affected, the child has a 40% risk of being allergic.
Furthermore, in identical twins, if one is allergic to peanut, the other twin has a 67% chance of also being allergic. In siblings, if one sibling is allergic to peanut, the other sibling has a 7% risk.
One of the environmental factors hypothesized to affect the development of allergies is an environment that is “too clean.” This “hygiene hypothesis” posits that when the child’s environment is too clean, the immune system doesn’t have enough “work” to do and it may cause the immune system to skew towards an allergic predisposition since there are very few viruses and parasites to attack. There are many theories as to why food allergies are on the rise, but we do not know with 100% certainty why the number of children with food allergies is increasing.
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One approach to dating has been to separate tiny grains of zircon from igneous and metamorphic rocks and date them using the U-Pb method as a route to the age at which the rock formed, but that too was slow and costly. Yet zircons, being among the most intransigent of Earth materials, end up in younger sedimentary rocks after their parents have been weathered and eroded. It was an investigation of what earlier history a sediment’s zircons might yield that lead to the discovery of grains almost as old as the Earth itself (http://earth-pages.co.uk/2011/12/21/mistaken-conclusions-from-earths-oldest-materials/ http://earth-pages.co.uk/2005/05/01/zircon-and-the-quest-for-life%E2%80%99s-origin/). That approach is beginning to pay dividends as regards resolving crustal history as a whole. Almost 7000 detrital zircon grains separated from sediments have been precisely dated using lead and hafnium isotopes. Using the age distribution alone suggests that the bulk of continental crust formed in the Precambrian, between 3 and 1 Ga ago, at a faster rate than it formed during the Phanerozoic. However, that assumes that a zircon’s radiometric age signifies the time of separation from the mantle of the magmas from which the grain crystallised. Yet other dating methods have shown that zircon-bearing magmas also form when old crust is remelted, and so it is important to find a means of distinguishing zircons from entirely new blocks of crust and those which result from crustal reworking. It turns out that zircons from mantle-derived crust have different oxygen isotope compositions from those which crystallised from remelted crust.
Bruno Dhuime and colleagues from St.Andrew’s and Bristol universities in the UK measures hafnium model ages and δ18O values in a sample of almost 1400 detrital zircons collected across the world from sediments of different ages (Dhuime, B. et al. 2012. A change in the geodynamics of continental growth 3 billion years ago. Science, v. 335, p. 1334-1336). Plotting δ18O against Hf model age reveals two things: there are more zircons from reworked crust than from mantle-derived materials; plotting the proportion of new crust ages to those of reworked crust form 100 Ma intervals through geological time reveals dramatic changes in the relative amounts of ‘mantle-new’ crust being produced. Before 3 Ga about three quarters of all continental crust emerged directly from the mantle. Instead of the period from 3 to 1 Ga being one of massive growth in the volume of the crust, apparently the production rate of new crust fell to about a fifth of all crust in each 100 Ma time span by around 2 Ga and then rose to reach almost 100% in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic. This suggests that the late Archaean and most of the Proterozoic were characterised by repeated reworking of earlier crust, perhaps associated with the repeated formation and break-up of supercontinents by collision orogeny and then tectonic break up and continental drift.
Dhuine and colleagues then use the record of varying new crust proportions to ‘correct’ the much larger database of detrital zircon ages. What emerges is a well-defined pattern in the rate of crustal growth through time. In the Hadean and early Archaean the net growth of the continents was 3.0 km3 yr-1, whereas throughout later time this suddenly fell to and remained at 0.8 km3 yr-1. Their explanation is that the Earth only came to be dominated by plate tectonic processes mainly driven by slab-pull at subduction zones after 3 Ga. Subduction not only produces mantle-derived magmas but inevitably allows continents to drift and collide, thereby leading to massive deformation and thermal reworking of older crust in orogenic belts and an apparent peak in zircon ages. The greater rate of new crust generation before 3 Ga may therefore have been due to other tectonic processes than the familiar dominance of subduction. Yet, since there is convincing evidence for subduction in a few ancient crustal blocks, such as west Greenland and around Hudson’s Bay in NE Canada, plate tectonics must have existed but was overwhelmed perhaps by processes more directly linked to mantle plumes.
More on continental growth can be found here
- Earth’s first continents oozed from its crust (msnbc.msn.com)
- A new theory on the formation of the oldest continents (eurekalert.org)<|endoftext|>Çikolatalı Sufle Yapımı Resimli Çikolatalı Sufle Tarifi Çikolatalı Sufle için gerekli olan malzemeler - Yarım su bardağı kakao - 1 su bardağı süt - Bir buçuk çorba kaşığı margarin - 3 çorba kaşığı un - 4 adet yumurta - Bir buçuk su bardağı tozşeker - 1 paket siyah çikolata - Bir tutam tuz ve vanilya - Bir miktar pudra şekeri Çikolatalı Suflenin yapılışı Sufle hamuru için geniş bir tencereye 1.5 çorba kaşığı yağı koyun. Yağı erittikten sonra tencereye unu ilave edin. Sararana dek kavurun. Sütü azar azar una ilave edin. Daha sonra toz şekeri, vanilyayı, kakaoyu ve rendelenmiş çikolatayı da tencereye ekleyin. Kaynamaya başladığında, ayrı bir kap içinde beyazından ayırdığınız ve çırptığınız yumurta sarılarını karışıma alın. 2 dakika sonra tencereyi ocaktan alın. Ayrı bir kap içinde yumurta aklarını kar haline gelinceye dek hızlı bir şekilde çırpın. Hazırladığınız hamuru karıştırmaya devam ederek yumurta aklarını üzerine ilave edin. Sufle kaplarını yağlayıp, bir miktar şeker serpin. Hazırladığınız hamur bu kaplara doldurun. Sufleyi önceden ısıtılmış 240 dereceli fırında 25 dakika boyunca pişirin. Daha sonra üzerine pudra şekeri serpin ve böyle servis yapın. Afiyet olsun.<|endoftext|>< Go Back
When was the last time you updated your COSHH Risk Assessments?
The Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) Regulations 2002 was introduced to ensure that businesses protect their employees from substances that are hazardous to health. Hazardous substances are found in nearly all work environments and include:
- Substances used directly in work activities (e.g. adhesives, paints, cleaning agents);
- Substances generated during work activities (e.g. fumes from soldering and welding);
- Naturally occurring substances (e.g. grain dust); and;
- Biological agents such as bacteria and other micro-organisms.
There are eight key principals which employers should implement to ensure compliance with the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) Regulations 2002:
- Design and operate processes and activities to minimise emission, release and spread of substances hazardous to health.
- Take into account all relevant routes of exposure - inhalation, skin absorption and ingestion - when developing control measures.
- Control exposure by measures that are proportionate to the health risk.
- Choose the most effective and reliable control options which minimise the escape and spread of substances hazardous to health.
- Where adequate control of exposure cannot be achieved by other means, provide, in combination with other control measures, suitable personal protective equipment.
- Check and review regularly all elements of control measures for their continuing effectiveness.
- Inform and train all employees on the hazards and risks from the substances with which they work and the use of control measures developed to minimise the risks.
- Ensure that the introduction of control measures does not increase the overall risk to health and safety.
For support with updating or developing your COSHH system get in contact with Matt Stupples our H&S expert [email protected]
Energy saving ideas for Christmas
[22/12/17] With Christmas almost literally on our doorstep, most of us will be spreading the festive spirit by hosting families and friends for dinner. Having lots of people around can add considerably…
Locala Community Health Partnerships - Environmental Management System (EMS) Development & Support
Current Situation Surrounding Site Fire Prevention Plan Guidance
Since the Environment Agency released the new Fire Prevention Guidance Version 3 back in July 2016 there have been a number of changes made, which have added to the complexity of...<|endoftext|>Yeni Switch Güncellemesi
Nintendo Switch için en son ürün yazılımı güncellemesi geldi ve bir dizi yeni özellik, iyileştirme, değişiklik ve düzeltmeler içeriyor. 9.0.0 Sürümü, Haber kanalı için yeni bir arama özelliği, Nintendo Hesabınıza giriş yapmak için yeni bir QR kodu seçeneği ve yeni dokunmatik ekran duyarlılığı ayarlarını sunuyor. Güncelleme ayrıca, Capture ve Home butonları hariç, konsolun butonlarının girişlerini tanımasını durdurma özelliğini de sunar. Bu sadece yeni çıkan Switch lite için geçerlidir.
Ek olarak, yeni Switch 9.0.0 güncellemesi "Online Play Invites" hesabı sayfalarına bir bölüm ekler ve adından da anlaşılacağı gibi, desteklenen oyunlara yönelik arkadaşlardan gelen davetleri burada göreceksiniz. Son olarak, yeni yama çok ciddi şeyleri düzeltir. Görünüşe göre, Fire Emblem: Three Houses ile ilgili bir hata vardı. Nintendo, bu sorunun genel sistem ve stabilite iyileştirmeleri güncellenmesiyle çözüldüğünü söyledi.
Bu sorunun geçtiğimiz günlerde Three Houses sezonunu satın alan kişileri etkilediği bildiriliyor, ancak sorunun ne kadar yaygın olduğu veya başka bir şeyin onu tetikleyebileceği açık değil. Durum ne olursa olsun, şimdi düzeltildi.<|endoftext|>This article needs additional citations for verification. (June 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
|Ab urbe condita||2138|
|Balinese saka calendar||1306–1307|
|English Regnal year||8 Ric. 2 – 9 Ric. 2|
|Chinese calendar||甲子年 (Wood Rat)|
4081 or 4021
— to —
乙丑年 (Wood Ox)
4082 or 4022
|- Vikram Samvat||1441–1442|
|- Shaka Samvat||1306–1307|
|- Kali Yuga||4485–4486|
|Japanese calendar||Shitoku 2|
|Minguo calendar||527 before ROC|
|Thai solar calendar||1927–1928|
1511 or 1130 or 358
— to —
1512 or 1131 or 359
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to 1385.|
- July 17 – Charles VI of France marries Isabeau of Bavaria; the wedding is celebrated with France's first court ball.
- August 6 – Edmund of Langley is elevated to become the first Duke of York.
- August 14
- Battle of Aljubarrota: John of Aviz defeats John I of Castile in the decisive battle of the 1383–85 Crisis in Portugal. John of Aviz is crowned King John I of Portugal, ending Queen Beatrice's rule, and Portugal's independence from the Kingdom of Castile is secured.
- The Union of Krewo establishes the Jagiellonian Dynasty in Poland and Lithuania, through the proposed marriage of Queen regnant Jadwiga of Poland and Grand Duke Jogaila of Lithuania, and sees the acceptance of Roman Catholicism by the Lithuanian elite, and an end to the Greater Poland Civil War.
- August 31 – King Richard II of England begins an invasion of Scotland. The English burn Holyrood and Edinburgh, but return home without a decisive battle.
- September 18 – Battle of Savra: Serbian forces under Balša II and Ivaniš Mrnjavčević are defeated by Ottoman commander Hayreddin Pasha, near Berat.
- October 15 – Battle of Valverde: The armies of Portugal defeat Castile.
- December – A group of Hungarian nobles helps Charles III of Naples to overthrow Queen Mary, as ruler of Hungary and Croatia.
- Tokhtamysh of the Golden Horde conquers parts of the Jalayirid Empire in western Persia, causing a rift between himself and Timur of the Timurid Empire, who had also wanted to conquer Persia.
- Olav IV of Norway is elected as titular King of Sweden, in opposition to the unpopular King Albert.
- The Hongwu Emperor of China's Ming Dynasty relents after eighteen tribute missions over the previous eight years, and agrees to invest King U of Goryeo.
- Construction of:
- June 28 – Andronikos IV Palaiologos, co-ruler of the Byzantine Empire
- August 7 – Joan of Kent, Dowager Princess of Wales, widow of Edward, the Black Prince (b. 1328)
- September 18 – Balša II, ruler of Zeta
- October 15 – Dionysius I, Metropolitan of Moscow
- December 19 – Bernabò Visconti, Lord of Milan (b. 1319)
- date unknown<|endoftext|>Discover your ancestors
by David Johnson
With more and more people interested in discovering their roots, genealogy has hit the big time.
The Internet has made researching one's ancestry all the easier. If you want to find out if your family has a coat of arms, what ship brought your forebears to America, or whether a descendant fought in the Civil War, there is probably a site that can help you find out.
But first, master the basics of genealogical research.
Make Your Own Family Tree
Before you start, it is a good idea to decide how you want to record the information you uncover. Some people make gigantic family trees when they are done. An artist once painted hers on a wall in her house. Other people write family histories, including charts to keep things clear.
- A pedigree chart is like a family tree for three generations. It starts at the left, where you record your birth date, birth place, and marriage date. Lines connect you to the information for each of your parents, who are in turn connected to their parents. You will need a series of pedigree charts.
- A family-group sheet records information on each nuclear family. Room for statistics on the father and mother is available at the top of the page. The birth, death, marriage, and divorce of each child are recorded below.
- A notebook devoted to genealogy can be used to jot things down as you proceed. You will also want to keep the names and
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days, Franklin D. Roosevelt’s infectious optimism brightened America’s mood, while adjusting the country’s ideology. Roosevelt’s “First Hundred Days” in office set a template of presidential action and established numerous precedents for direct government intervention in American life. Mixing Jefferson’s democratic populism with Hamilton’s top-down centralization, Roosevelt created big government liberalism. “I am not for a return to the definition of liberty under which for many years a free people were gradually regimented into the service” of capitalism, Roosevelt said. Liberalism “is plain English for a changed concept of the duty and responsibility of government toward economic life.”
Using appeals to the collective, justifying his emergency actions with military analogies, Roosevelt offered a three-pronged program. First, he mobilized the power of government to offer immediate relief, shifting the responsibility from churches, community groups, and relatives to the local, state, and federal governments. Then, he tried to jump-start a recovery, putting the government in the business of micromanaging the economy – and violating the longstanding American aversion to federal budget deficits. Finally, he sought broader reforms to institutionalize the changes and avoid a repeat.
Suddenly, the executive branch was choreographing currency shifts, bringing electricity to the South, eliminating corporate abuses, subsidizing individual homeowners. The government provided the old with pensions, the disabled with support, and the poor with sustenance while hiring millions through a new “alphabet soup” of agencies, the CCC (Civilian Conservation Corps), the PWA (Public Works Administration), the AAA (Agricultural Adjustment Administration), and the NRA (National Recovery Administration). The “first duty of government is to protect the economic welfare of all the people in all sections and in all groups,” Roosevelt said in a 1938 Fireside Chat. This casual statement reflected a revolutionary departure from Alexander Hamilton’s vision, let alone Thomas Jefferson’s.
The Social Security Act of 1935 was arguably the single most dramatic New Deal reform. The Act helped the elderly poor immediately and began a federal pension plan gradually. It eventually offered unemployment insurance, federal aid to dependent mothers and children, and assistance to the blind and handicapped. Half a century of Progressive agitation culminated in this legislation. Roosevelt made this great leap seem like a logical next step. His genius for making revolutionary changes appear inevitable built popular support for these audacious steps. The Democratic Party became America’s party, the party of activist government protecting the middle class and the poor.
Roosevelt wanted to provide “cradle to grave” security, but constructing a workable plan took years. Advisers and activists debated whether there should be cash grants or welfare programs, whether support should be national or state-based, whether social welfare guaranteed dignity or destroyed individual responsibility. Such comprehensive social insurance deviated from American constitutional practice and offended many conservatives, both rich and poor. The National Association of Manufactures blasted this attempt at “ultimate socialistic control of life and industry.”
To soften the blow, Roosevelt injected an all-American centrist twist into this legislative masterstroke. Workers would pay into the Social Security system for decades before getting their payouts. This innovation reinforced the sanctity of private property, individual dignity, and government centrality. “We put those payroll contributions there so as to give the contributors a legal, moral, and political right to collect their pensions and their unemployment benefits,” Roosevelt explained. The individual contributions also guaranteed the program’s future. “With those taxes in there,” Roosevelt declared, “no damn politician can ever scrap my social security program.”
After vigorous debate, most members of Congress could not oppose helping the American community’s weakest, sickest, and oldest members. The House passed the bill 371 to 33. The Senate bill passed two months later, in June 1935, 76 to 6. Roosevelt’s Social Security Act truly was a bipartisan bill enjoying overwhelming support.
Roosevelt’s “New Deal” did not end the Great Depression. But it reassured Americans. It repositioned the government and the president in the center of American political, economic, and cultural life. The advent of World War II jumpstarted the economy – and launched a half-century of unprecedented economic prosperity. America became the world’s first mass middle-class society.
The war also brought about a level of government intervention, regulation, and, of course, taxation, that would have been denounced as “Bolshevik” by millions at the start of Roosevelt’s reign. But step by step, improvisation by improvisation, speech by speech, and crisis by crisis, Roosevelt had brought Americans to a new approach – and understanding. Europeans and Canadians remained surprised by America’s limited welfare state; thoughtful Americans with some sense of history were surprised at how far this initially reluctant giant had moved toward government activism.
Still, for all his talk of “Cradle to Grave” coverage, FDR could not get any bill for universal health care out of committee. Harry Truman’s Fair Deal expanded Roosevelt’s program, but Truman was no more successful in getting a health care bill to the floor of the Congress. In the 1950s, by maintaining signature New Deal programs such as Social Security, the first Republican President since the New Deal, Dwight Eisenhower ratified Roosevelt’s vision and guaranteed that America would maintain a generous welfare state. Eisenhower also averted a bruising partisan battle.
The federal government’s meteoric growth and the equally quick emergence of a national focus meant that the Civil Rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s could function – and succeed – as a national movement fighting an injustice rooted most intensely in one region, the South. The Civil Rights movement’s success in an age of big government and national television furthered the development of a national conversation about once local problems — and the search for national solutions. John Kennedy’s tragically brief presidency raised expectations further.
Increasingly, the debate during Kennedy’s years was no longer “should the federal government be involved,” but “how should the federal government solve particular problems.” What was so revolutionary about this shift was that it no longer seemed remarkable. Government had become so big, so centralized and so central in Americans’ lives, many forgot how novel a phenomenon the welfare state was in American history. It would take conservatives who began mobilizing in the 1960s around Barry Goldwater and Ronald Reagan nearly twenty years to remind Americans that questioning big government was not marginal or anti-American, but rooted in some of the most fundamental American political traditions and assumptions. Increasingly, it seemed that Americans liked their government small in the abstract, but big when it came to helping them.
Lyndon Johnson became president in 1963 after John Kennedy’s assassination trusting in a governmental solution for nearly every problem. “The roots of hate are poverty and disease and illiteracy, and they are broad in the land,” Johnson proclaimed in an early speech, planning to legislate these scourges into oblivion. Johnson linked the challenges of Communism, civil rights, and poverty. He wanted to win the Cold War by perfecting America, vindicating democracy worldwide.
In May 1964, Johnson redefined America’s historic mission at the University of Michigan’s commencement ceremonies. After settling the land, Americans developed an industrialized infrastructure. During this next stage Americans would go beyond mere riches and power, “to enrich and elevate our national life, and to advance the quality of our American civilization.” Johnson envisioned a “Great Society,” providing “abundance and liberty for all. It demands an end to poverty and racial injustice…. The ‘Great Society’ is a place where every child can find knowledge to enrich his mind and to enlarge his talents…. It is a place where the city of man serves not only the needs of the body and the demands of commerce but the desire for beauty and the hunger for community.”
Propelled by his electoral landslide in November 1964, Lyndon Johnson surpassed the New Deal. In 1964 and 1965, Johnson muscled through an ambitious array of laws that transformed the way the government helped the poor, the sick, the old, the young. Eventually, staffers counted 207 laws as “landmark” legislative achievements. Under Johnson, the federal budget first topped $100 billion. Aid to the poor nearly doubled, health programs tripled, and education programs quadrupled. LBJ outdid FDR by enacting the 1965 Medicare amendment to FDR’s Social Security Act. Harry and Bess Truman received the first two Medicare cards. Medicare was for all older Americans (and some disabled citizens), theoretically paid for by their own contributions when they worked; another program, Medicaid was a means-tested program for the poorest Americans, and involved state participation as well.
Alas, Johnson could not legislate away America’s problems. Even as Congress passed a landmark civil rights law, the Voting Rights Act, riots erupted in Watts, the Los Angeles ghetto. The Vietnam War became Johnson’s albatross – and America’s burden, wasting billions of dollars, sacrificing 50,000 American lives, and bleeding away America’s credibility and confidence. Johnson’s Great Society hopes sank in the Vietnam morass. Johnson retired prematurely, refusing to run for re-election in 1968.
The Great Society’s failure spurred the Reagan Revolution – a backlash against big government. Ronald Reagan spoke eloquently about up-from-the-bootstraps, do-it-yourself American individualism, saying the Great Society failed because Big Government never worked. When Bill Clinton was elected in 1992, he understood his mission as trying to restore Americans’ faith in government, by showing that government could be effective without getting too big.
Ultimately, Clinton failed to enact health care reform because he missed the center, he forgot how deeply skeptical Americans remained about big government. Few remember how likely prospects for change appeared in 1993. “America’s ready for health-care reform and so are we,” South Carolina’s Republican Governor, Carroll Campbell, declared, as Republicans scrambled to offer their own alternatives.
Clinton – and his overbearing wife Hillary Rodham Clinton – squandered that early mix of bipartisan good will and political fear so necessary for an ambitious reform effort in a divided Congress. In what was widely perceived as a payoff for her wifely loyalty amid all the adultery rumors in the 1992 campaign, the First Lady chaired this ambitious health-reform effort. Rather than developing a general plan with Congress, Mrs. Clinton presented a fait accompli, a byzantine 1,354 page program more suited to the big-government ambitions of Franklin Roosevelt and Lyndon Johnson than to the small-government era Ronald Reagan pioneered.
Rather than adjusting the elaborate plan to mollify Republicans, the president and his wife went rigid, and attacked their critics. Hillary Clinton refused to compromise. She urged her husband to wave a pen in his 1994 State of the Union address, promising to veto “legislation that does not guarantee every American private health insurance that can never be taken away.” On the stump, the First Lady bashed doctors, pharmaceutical companies, insurance executives, and conservatives. Mrs. Clinton mocked those who "drive down highways paid for by government funds" and "love the defense department” but object “when it comes to … trying to be a compassionate and caring nation."
The Clintons’ personal scandals, Congressional counterattacks, and media nitpicking gradually undermined the effort. Emboldened, Republicans began following the ideologues rather than the moderates. "There has been almost total surrender amidst the largest power grab in U.S. history," former Education Secretary William Bennett first complained in October 1993. On “Meet the Press,” The Republican Congressional leader Newt Gingrich denounced the plan as “the most destructively big-government plan ever proposed.”
As the Clintons lost control of the health care debate, two powerful streams in modern American ideology merged. Cartoons of the "Evil Queen" offering up a Pandora’s box of "Socialized Medicine" linked ancient and modern obsessions about government power and powerful women. Partisan Republicans and cynical reporters described an out-of-control, crusading radical feminist and her henpecked, secretly liberal husband imposing another arrogant, expensive Great Society failure on the American people. “NATIONAL HEALTH CARE: THE COMPASSION OF THE IRS! THE EFFICIENCY OF THE POST OFFICE! ALL AT PENTAGON PRICES!” one bumper sticker seen in 1994 proclaimed. This crude caricature encapsulated many of the anti-government themes developed in the 1980s and demonstrated the Clinton opponents’ success in transforming the public debate.
Most dramatically, the health insurance industry created a fictional couple to balance out the presidential couple. In a $14 million advertising campaign, compounded by all the free media coverage it generated, the American people met Harry and Louise, two middle-class Americans struggling with their bills, celebrating Thanksgiving, going to the office – all the while debating the health care reform. In one commercial, the announcer warned: ”Things are going to change, and not all for the better. The government may force us to pick from a few health care plans designed by government bureaucrats.” ”They choose,” Harry then says, and his wife chimes in, ”We lose.” In another, Louise tells Harry: ”There’s gotta be a better way.” Furious – and reflecting just how effectively the Harry and Louise message had penetrated, Mrs. Clinton snapped in November that the insurance companies “have the gall to run TV ads that there is a better way, the very industry that has brought us to the brink of bankruptcy because of the way that they have financed health care.” Speaking of Harry and Louise, Ben Goddard, the president of the agency that invented them, exulted: “These are people” average Americans “feel comfortable with; they might invite them to a Christmas party.” Liberals and Democrats tried to mobilize, but no reply was as effective as the “Harry and Louise” onslaught.
The Clintons’ operatic marital dynamics kept the President wed to Hillary Clinton’s rigid strategy even as their initiative fizzled. The Clintons further alienated Congress by bypassing the usual procedures and slipping this major reform into a budget bill. President Clinton did not throw himself into the fight as intensely or as nimbly as he had with the budget and or the North American Free Trade Agreement. The bill withered on the congressional committee vine, neither the Senate nor the House never even voted on it. Bill Clinton’s failure to deliver even a compromised health care bill symbolized a broader failure to fight effectively for policies and principles with the same tenacity and agility he would display in 1998 when fighting for survival during the Monica Lewinsky scandal.
Barack Obama’s people have studied the Clinton case carefully – many, including White House Chief of Staff Rahm Emanuel, witnessed the failure from within the Clinton Administration. Obama’s decision to led Congress draft the bill, for example, reflects an attempt to avoid the dynamics that hurt the Clintons whereby the White House sent legislation down Pennsylvania Avenue to Capitol Hill for approval. But the real test is yet to come. Can Obama convince Americans that universal health care coverage should be as American as Social Security (if not apple pie)? Or will the Republicans play to Americans’ traditional suspicion that Big Government will do more harm than good?
Read Full Post »<|endoftext|>Una laurea online è stato progettato per persone che non possono diventare studenti a tempo pieno, sia a causa di impegni familiari, di lavoro, o altro. Un programma di laurea online offre agli studenti l'opportunità di guadagnare i loro gradi e progredire nella loro carriera.
Con una laurea online, gli studenti hanno la possibilità di guadagnare il loro grado in base al loro proprio programma. Ci sono molte, molte opzioni per le persone a scegliere. Ci sono università in tutto il mondo che offrono programmi on-line. Gli studenti possono scegliere tra una vasta gamma di programmi, come Business, Sociologia, Antropologia, Affari Internazionali, Psicologia e lavoro sociale, per citarne alcuni.
Corso di laurea programmi online offrono una formazione di alta qualità e gli studenti possono ancora lavorare a stretto contatto con i docenti per ottenere la migliore istruzione possibile. Se si desidera ottenere un diploma di Bachelor, ma non si può mollare tutto per diventare un studente a tempo pieno, poi una laurea online potrebbe essere il prossimo passo per raggiungere i vostri obiettivi.Sfoglia le opzioni qui sotto o restringere la ricerca utilizzando le caselle di ricerca in alto e vedere cosa vi aspetta!
Se avete completato un corso di base UO o diploma di istruzione superiore in ingegneria (o equivalente) negli ultimi cinque anni, questo corso vi permette di ricaricare le vostre conoscenze e competenze per livello di laurea con lode. È possibile personalizzare i vostri studi per costruire sulle vostre qualifiche ed esperienze precedenti. Scelte modulo flessibile includono integrità strutturale ... [+]
imprenditori audaci e astuti sono molto richiesti in un'economia complessa e volatile di oggi. Il College of Business presso ORU combina una formazione aziendale all'avanguardia con una visione del mondo biblica. Il nostro programma è progettato per soddisfare una vasta gamma di obiettivi e interessi di carriera. [+]
L'obiettivo generale del programma è quello di preparare gli insegnanti di scuola materna per insegnare ai bambini di età compresa tra i 3 ei 6. Ciò significa che l'insegnante candidato deve acquisire le conoscenze e le competenze necessarie e, allo stesso tempo, pianificare il suo / suoi atteggiamenti che lui / lei, da un lato, permetterà di organizzare l'ambiente adeguato studente per lo sviluppo cognitivo dei bambini di età compresa tra di 3-6, e d'altra parte, per aiutare il loro sviluppo nel campo sociale, emotivo e morale. [+]
Imparare a costruire un marchio clienti amano con una laurea in marketing online da Swinburne. Corso tenuto da professionisti del settore con esperienza, il Bachelor of Business (Marketing) ti dà una comprensione dei principi di marketing contemporaneo, e si equipaggia con le competenze necessarie per commercializzare prodotti e servizi nell'economia di oggi. [+]
Attraverso la nostra forte e professionale curriculum Amministrazione hotel, otterrai la conoscenza e le connessioni a prosperare nel campo. [+]
Il nostro Corso di Laurea in Ingegneria Industriale (B.Eng.) Si prepara con un'ampia vasta conoscenze specialistiche di informatica e di ingegneria e di business competenze per affrontare le sfide di ingegneria industriale prima. Le innovazioni che possono essere riassunte sotto il termine Industriale 4.0 sono così separatamente previste per utilizzare i rapidi sviluppi industriali degli ultimi anni e per rendere il profilo dei nostri laureati per il mercato del lavoro più interessante. [+]
La nostra formazione vi aiuterà a rompere nel mercato del lavoro, con grande successo, desempeñándote nell'area di gestione del settore economico-finanziaria di vario livello nazionale ed internazionale pubblico e / o privato. Abbiamo costruito questo programma per fare di te un professionista completo, che si adatta alle esigenze attuali del mercato e accogliere tutti i settori dell'economia ... [+]
Il Corso di Scienze Applicate di Laurea in Business Management nell'economia globale prepara gli individui ad affrontare la gestione e le sfide amministrative incontrate nel contesto globale ad alta tecnologia corrente. I corsi di base del programma sono stati progettati per fornire allo studente l'analisi statistica, economia, diritto commerciale, la contabilità e la conoscenza della finanza e le competenze per identificare e analizzare
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using helicopters to airlift seedlings to the wild hills of
Largest Woodland Grant
Last year MacKenzie secured U.S.
$3.2 million from the Forestry Commission, a U.K. government
agency responsible for forestry throughout Britain. The sum
marks the biggest woodland grant ever awarded in Scotland. Work
is already well underway with 2.5 million native trees due to be
planted in the next five years.
"It's a positive, practical use
for a large piece of land that frankly was almost totally
useless," said MacKenzie.
"The forest should become a great
amenity for visitors and local folk. It will be wide open for
all and sundry to come along and enjoy it. There may even be
some economic benefit to the estate in terms of guided wildlife
walks and other tourism-related activities."
Although one local politician has
criticized the size of the grant, saying the money would be
better spent on public services, MacKenzie claims the
surrounding community has given the plan a universal thumbs-up.
"As well as giving people more
things to do, the forest will boost tourism which is enormously
important to Gairloch," he said. "We don't have ferris wheels or
piers with flashing lights. People come to the area because of
its natural beauty and wonderful wildlife."
As the forest matures,
conservationists hope to see threatened Highland animals
re-colonizing the area.
"It will provide a greater range
of prey species for golden eagles," said Kenny Nelson, South
West Ross officer for Scottish Natural Heritage, a government
conservation agency. "We also expect pine martens and wildcats
to move in. Birds now confined mainly to the east, like black
grouse, crested tits, and crossbills are others that should find
suitable habitat here."
Habitat for native species has
already been aided by the addition of 75,000 acres (30,000
hectares) of woodlands over the past 15 years in Scotland.
Biologists say the forest cover provides wildlife a habitat
corridor to use for westward migration.
A Growing Trend
The Forestry Commission pledges
to recreate another 75,000 acres (30,000 hectares) of Caledonian
pinewood by 2005.
This year, a new Scottish
forestry plan seeks to provide more incentives for private
landowners to plant Scots pine and broadleaf trees over
commercial, non-native species such as Sitka spruce. Unlike the
current program, a higher rate of payment will go to landowners
who create woodland of ecological and recreational value.
Baile Mor Forest represents a
growing trend in Scotland. In 1503, the nation's woodland was
utterly destroyed according to historical records. By 1900,
woodlands covered just five percent of the country. Today the
figure is 17 percent and rising. The target, say government
planners, is 25 percent by 2050.
The success of these regeneration
schemes isn't guaranteed, however. While human activity had a
major impact in the Highlands throughout history, the Caledonian
Forest's demise was hastened by climate change.
Climatic conditions like the
"Little Ice Age," which occurred between 1320 and 1750, brought
low summer temperatures, high rainfall, and ferocious winds to
the Scottish Highlands. These conditions encouraged the
formation of peaty moorland at the expense of trees.
But for now, at least, the new
pinewoods are doing well. An earlier 2,500-acre (1,000-hectare)
project on the Gairloch Estate is already bearing fruit after
just five years.
This winter, young mountain ash
trees are weighed down with scarlet berries while Scots pine
saplings flourish alongside their ancestors' gnarled remains.
John MacKenzie's ancestors might not believe their eyes as a
ghost of the old forest springs back to life.<|endoftext|>广西快3
15138999255
15565054555
硫酸铝
产品简介：硫酸铝（化学式：Al2(SO4)3）是一个被广泛运用的工业试剂，通常会与明矾混淆。硫酸铝通常被作为絮凝剂，用于提纯饮用水及污水处理设备当中，也用于造纸工业。自然状况下，硫酸铝...
销售热线：15138999255
详细介绍：
硫酸铝（化学式：Al2(SO4)3）是一个被广泛运用的工业试剂，通常会与明矾混淆。硫酸铝通常被作为絮凝剂，用于提纯饮用水及污水处理设备当中，也用于造纸工业。自然状况下，硫酸铝几乎不以无水盐形式存在。它会形成一系列的水合物，其中十六水硫酸铝是最常见的。硫酸铝也是一种很有效的软体动物杀虫剂，能杀灭西班牙鼻涕虫（Spanish slugs）。
基本用途
1.造纸工业中用作纸张施胶剂，以增强纸张的抗水、防渗性能；
2.溶于水后能使水中的细小微粒和自然胶粒凝聚成大块絮状物，从而自水中除去，故用作供水和废水的混凝剂；
3.用作浊水净化剂，也用作沉淀剂、固色剂、填充剂等。在化妆品中用作抑汗化妆品原料（收敛剂）；
4.消防工业中，与小苏打、发泡剂组成泡沫灭火剂；
5.分析试剂，媒染剂，鞣革剂，油脂脱色剂，木材防腐剂；
6.白蛋白巴氏杀菌的稳定剂(包括液体或冷冻全蛋、蛋白或蛋黄)；
7.可作原料，用于制造人造宝石和高级铵明矾，其他铝酸盐；
8.燃料工业中，在生产铬黄和色淀染料时作沉淀剂，同时又起固色和填充剂作用；
9、固化剂(油脂、水等除杂用)、白蛋白巴氏杀菌的稳定剂(包括液体或冷冻全蛋、蛋白或蛋黄)。最高允许用量 (FAO/WHO，1984)0.036%。 用于造纸、净水，并用作媒染剂、鞣革剂、医药收敛剂、木材防腐剂、泡沫灭火剂等用于人造宝石和高级铵明矾的生产。
制备方法
由铝土矿和硫酸加压反应制得。或用硫酸分解明矾石、高岭土及含氧化铝硅原料均可制得。
硫酸法将铝土矿粉碎至一定粒度，加人反应釜与硫酸反应，反应液经沉降，澄清液加入硫酸中和至中性或微碱性，然后浓缩至115℃左右，经冷却固化，粉碎制得成品。
化学反应方程式：硫酸铝
1.硫酸法：将铝土矿粉碎至一定粒度.应釜与硫酸反应。由氢氧化铝（或纯的高岭土或铝矾土）与硫酸反应后，滤去不溶物再结晶而得。
2.将从酸性溶液中结晶生成的水合硫酸铝晶体缓慢加热，使其逐步脱水，最后将温度升高到350℃，则完全脱水成为无水硫酸铝。
产品信息
上游原料:矾铁矿、硫酸、铝矾土、铝粉、铝矿、氢氧化铝
下游产品:氢氧化铝、明矾、硫酸铝铵、重铬酸钾、乙膦铝、103中铬黄、柠檬黄、橘铬黄、铬酸铅、钼铬红、耐晒孔雀蓝色淀、甲苯岐化催化剂、硬脂酸铝、补漏王、水泥添加剂
储运
起运时包装要完整，装载应稳妥。运输过程中要确保容器不泄漏、不倒塌、不坠落、不损坏。严禁与氧化剂、食用化学品等混装混运。运输途中应防曝晒、雨淋，防高温。车辆运输完毕应进行彻底清扫。
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本站资料及图片来源互联网文章,本网不承担任何由内容信息所引起的争议和法律责任。所有作品版权归原创作者所有，与本站立场无关，如用户分享不慎侵犯了您的权益，请联系我们告知，我们将做删除处理！<|endoftext|>When you’re plagued by anxiety, the simplest of tasks can be difficult to complete. It could hurt your daily life in numerous ways, making it tough that you should be the person you need to be. Within the following paragraphs, you’ll discover ways to fight back against anxiety, and also, the best way to live the life span you want to lead.
While you are have problems with anxiety and panic attacks, you have to be sure which you eat consistently. Will not wait a long time to consume, or skip meals. This helps you conserve a consistent blood sugar levels level, and will eliminate most of your high anxiety states. If you experience hunger, keep a healthy snack handy to moderate your blood glucose.
When you are coping with anxiety issues, a good way to guidance is to change how you will think. Too much negative thinking can cause anxiety. As opposed to thinking the worst will occur, try to change your thought process into an issue that is positive. With positive thinking, you will quickly feel good.
If you have been prescribed medication for anxiety, make sure that you accept it as well every day. You may put your bottle by the toothbrush in the cabinet, or just wherever you will see it. Remember that some medications require some time to be effective, so you have to carry it every single day.
Try documenting what worries you. Possess a spare pad and pencil to you anywhere you go, or type it on the smartphone, laptop, or tablet. While you are feeling anxious, try writing down what worries you. Writing it down is significantly harder than merely thinking about it, so the negative thoughts may disappear sooner.
Find out more about anxiety, and how it could be affecting you personally. Just having terms to describe your trouble can certainly help you are feeling better and may be all of the motivation you should face and fight the fear. Anxiety is just too debilitating a disorder to adopt laying, so educate you to further action.
Set goals yourself every day and strive towards reaching them. It will be easy to target what is important and feel better about yourself, reducing the feeling that you may have lost charge of your anxiety. Rather, you have the capacity to pay attention to things which help in your productivity.
From time to time there are actually yourself in different positions during a panic attack. When you have an anxiety attack, do whatever you can do to help keep you distracted. Count down from 100, do math problems in your thoughts, focus on happy times you’ve had recently, and everything else that you can imagine that can distract you in the positive manner.
Exercise. Go into doing some kind of daily exercise regimen. Take a stroll or perhaps a run, join the health club, or buy a workout DVD that you just do each day. This extra activity releases dopamine and seratonin to your body, boosts your mood and your oxygen levels. Most of these things interact to help keep you healthier, happier and fewer stressed.
Make certain you are eating a nicely-balanced diet. Do not allow you to ultimately skip any meals in the daytime. Unless you have a long lunch break at work, pick a good energy boosting snack to eat in the free minutes you might have. The more tired you obtain, the greater anxious you are going to feel.
When your anxiety level reaches an all time high you are able to help your mood by undertaking some kind of healthy sexual activity. Whenever people have intercourse it releases endorphins to the blood, which will send signals towards the brain that it must be in a much better mood.
Consider acquiring a massage. Indeed, a massage. It will help people get their thoughts off of precisely what is leading them to be anxious. Also, it is easy for anxiety to result in muscle tension, and thus, massage can be doubly useful.
An excellent tip to help reduce the level of anxiety you are feeling is usually to reduce your caffeine intake. Caffeine is a stimulant which only raises the anxiousness or nervousness you will be already feeling. Reducing the level of caffeine you have will help reduce the quantity of anxiety you are feeling.
Keep an ongoing anxiety journal. As you progress via your day, so you feel anxiety over certain issues, console yourself using the knowledge that you are expressing your anxiety through writing. Once you make time to write your worries and fears out, you release them and let for clearer considering the situation. Consider keeping the journal together with you for people most challenging times.
Truth be told, a great, deep massage can be what is needed that you should take control of your anxiety. When you are tense, your stress levels are high and anxiety is likely to flare up. Getting a massage helps physically relax your system, which often, allows your thoughts to unwind too.
Use meditation to your benefit. Meditation is really a terrific strategy to decrease anxiety. Anyone will be able to meditate. Just seek out the type of meditation that is useful for you. For example, active meditation may be good for those who can’t sit in a single. Keep testing out new ways to meditate till you find the one which gives you by far the most respite from your anxiety.
If your anxiety is extremely severe, make certain you visit your local physician without delay. Severe anxiety can have a devastating influence on your daily life, along with the longer you depart the condition untreated, the harder it will be for you to recover. Your local physician are able to assist you to generate a therapy plan which will work.
You could seem like you’re a prisoner for your own anxiety, nevertheless it doesn’t should be like that. When you use the advice in this article, you’ll have the ability to enjoy life how you want to, without anxiety getting in the way. Don’t let your anxiety hold you back any further.<|endoftext|>
Focus su Assegno di mantenimento per i figli
Tra le controversie che maggiormente sorgono tra genitori, successivamente al provvedimento con cui viene stabilito l'affidamento del minore e il suo mantenimento vi è la suddivisione delle c.d. spese straordinarie. Si tratta di quelle spese che esulano dai bisogni quotidiani e che, connotate dal requisito della imprevedibilità, non possono essere inserite nell'assegno mensile. Si discute, nella prassi, sulla natura e tipologia di tali spese, sul loro ammontare, nonché, sulla necessità ai fini di un rimborso di un preventivo accordo tra i genitori.
|Leggi dopo|
Separazione e divorzio: l'incidenza dei figli di altre unioni nella determinazione dei contributi economiciAssegno di mantenimento per i figli
Per parte della giurisprudenza di legittimità e di merito, una delle circostanze idonee a determinare la quantificazione dell'assegno di mantenimento a favore dei figli e a supportare la richiesta di riduzione dell'assegno di mantenimento a favore degli stessi, è la formazione da parte del coniuge onerato di un nuovo nucleo familiare o la nascita di un ulteriore figlio da una successiva relazione more uxorio.
|Leggi dopo|<|endoftext|>İşte Dünyanın en hızlı bilgisayarı
Çin'in geliştirdiği Sunway TaihuLight adlı süper bilgisayar açık arayla dünyanın en hızlısı oldu.
Amerikalı ve Alman bilim insanlarınca hazırlanan ve dün yayımlanan dünyanın en hızlı 500 bilgisayarı listesinde (Top500) ilk sırayı Sunway TaihuLight aldı. İşlemcileri Çin'de tasarlanıp üretilen dev süper bilgisayar, Haziran ayında kullanıma girmiş ve o dönemin en hızlı bilgisayarı olan Tianhe-2'yi tahtından indirmişti. Yine Çin'in sahip olduğu Tianhe-2'nin işlemcileri Intel tarafından tedarik edilmişti.
Saniyede 93 milyon işlem yapma kapasitesine sahip olan TaihuLight, böylece her altı ayda bir yayımlanan Top500 listesinde son üç yıldır zirvede bulunan Tianhe-2'yi geride bıraktı. TaihuLight, Tianhe-2'den 3 kat daha hızlı.
İHA
Manşetler
- AMERİKALI KIZLARA BAŞÖRTÜSÜNÜ ANLATTILAR
- İŞGALCİ İSRAİL, FİLİSTİNLİ CESUR KIZ AHED'İN MAHKEMESİNİ BASINA KAPATTI
- KİLİSE OLDU, SİNAGOG OLDU 80 YILDIR CAMİ
- HASAN CELAL GÜZEL DUALARLA AHİRETE UĞURLANDI: İSLAM DÜŞMANLARINA FIRSAT VERMEDİ
- YAŞLI DÜNYANIN İNSANLARI DA YAŞLANIYOR
- RİSALE-İ NUR KÜLLİYATI YARIŞMASI
- SRİ LANKA'DA 'MÜSLÜMAN OHAL'İ' KALDIRILDI
- RUSYA, BMGK'DEKİ 'SURİYE İNSAN HAKLARI TOPLANTISINI' ENGELLEDİ<|endoftext|>No English king arouses stronger passions, for and against, than Richard III – and no king faced more determined opposition. Yet, in the 20th century, no king’s posthumous reputation has been more staunchly defended, and his death in battle in 1485 has been widely perceived as marking the end of the Middle Ages. These passions and perceptions confront the historian of Richard III with an unusually complex task, and in this book seven contributors consider seven different aspects of his life and reign: P.W. Hammond on his reputation through the centuries; Michael Hicks on his early life; Colin Richmond on 1483; Anne Sutton on the culture of his court; Rosemary Horrox on government; Alexander Grant on foreign policy; and Michael K. Jones on his career as a soldier. The book is intended for
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includes questions in the LFS to gain a view of work-related illness and workplace injury.
- Reports of ill health by doctors and specialist physicians (THOR-GP)
- This information is gathered in surveillance schemes run by The Health and Occupations Reporting Network (THOR)
- Ill health assessed for disablement benefit (IIDB)
- These are cases of specified ‘prescribed diseases’, which are assessed for compensation under the Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit scheme. IIDB statistics are available annually starting from 2003.
- Death Certificates (DC)
- This includes deaths from types of occupational lung disease, including asbestos-related diseases, mesothelioma and asbestosis.
The HSE uses their data to estimate how much workplace injuries and work-related ill health cost Britain. Their 2014/2015 figures show that 622,000 workers were injured in workplace accidents and on top of this figure 528,000 workers suffered a case of ill health that they believe to be caused by, or exacerbated by their work. The HSE estimated in total workplace illnesses cost Britain £14.1bn.
Who can use it?
The HSE’s data could be made use of by business owners looking to revise workplace regulations, governments and local councils investigating new policy, and by students, academics and analysts as a research tool.
How to use it
To view the HSE statistics, start by heading to the “About HSE” section on their website.
Now, click view 'HSE work' on the navigation bar on the left-hand side of the screen.
Here you can view the research and statistics produced by the HSE
Navigate the various sectors that the HSE gathers data on using the side bar
Here you can see an overview of HSE findings or download a full version of their report.<|endoftext|>From George Friedman of Stratfor
What Happened to the American Declaration of War?
In my book “The Next Decade,” I spend a good deal of time considering the relation of the American Empire to the American Republic and the threat the empire poses to the republic. If there is a single point where these matters converge, it is in the constitutional requirement that Congress approve wars through a declaration of war and in the abandonment of this requirement since World War II. This is the point where the burdens and interests of the United States as a global empire collide with the principles and rights of the United States as a republic.
World War II was the last war the United States fought with a formal declaration of war. The wars fought since have had congressional approval, both in the sense that resolutions were passed and that Congress appropriated funds, but the Constitution is explicit in requiring a formal declaration. It does so for two reasons, I think. The first is to prevent the president from taking the country to war without the consent of the governed, as represented by Congress. Second, by providing for a specific path to war, it provides the president power and legitimacy he would not have without that declaration; it both restrains the president and empowers him. Not only does it make his position as commander in chief unassailable by authorizing military action, it creates shared responsibility for war. A declaration of war informs the public of the burdens they will have to bear by leaving no doubt that Congress has decided on a new order — war — with how each member of Congress voted made known to the public.
Almost all Americans have heard Franklin Roosevelt’s speech to Congress on Dec. 8, 1941: “Yesterday, Dec. 7, 1941 — a date which will live in infamy — the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan … I ask that the Congress declare that since the unprovoked and dastardly attack by Japan on Sunday, Dec. 7, a state of war has existed between the United States and the Japanese Empire.”
It was a moment of majesty and sobriety, and with Congress’ affirmation, represented the unquestioned will of the republic. There was no going back, and there was no question that the burden would be borne. True, the Japanese had attacked the United States, making getting the declaration easier. But that’s what the founders intended: Going to war should be difficult; once at war, the commander in chief’s authority should be unquestionable.
Forgoing the Declaration
It is odd, therefore, that presidents who need that authorization badly should forgo pursuing it. Not doing so has led to seriously failed presidencies: Harry Truman in Korea, unable to seek another term; Lyndon Johnson in Vietnam, also unable to seek a new term; George W. Bush in Afghanistan and Iraq, completing his terms but enormously unpopular. There was more to this than undeclared wars, but that the legitimacy of each war was questioned and became a contentious political issue certainly is rooted in the failure to follow constitutional pathways.
In understanding how war and constitutional norms became separated, we must begin with the first major undeclared war in American history (the Civil War was not a foreign war), Korea. When North Korea invaded South Korea, Truman took recourse to the new U.N. Security Council. He wanted international sanction for the war and was able to get it because the Soviet representatives happened to be boycotting the Security Council over other issues at the time.
Truman’s view was that U.N. sanction for the war superseded the requirement for a declaration of war in two ways. First, it was not a war in the strict sense, he argued, but a “police action” under the U.N. Charter. Second, the U.N. Charter constituted a treaty, therefore implicitly binding the United States to go to war if the United Nations so ordered. Whether Congress’ authorization to join the United Nations both obligated the United States to wage war at U.N. behest, obviating the need for declarations of war because Congress had already authorized police actions, is an interesting question. Whatever the answer, Truman set a precedent that wars could be waged without congressional declarations of war and that other actions — from treaties to resolutions to budgetary authorizations — mooted declarations of war.
If this was the founding precedent, the deepest argument for the irrelevancy of the declaration of war is to be found in nuclear weapons. Starting in the 1950s, paralleling the Korean War, was the increasing risk of nuclear war. It was understood that if nuclear war occurred, either through an attack by the Soviets or a first strike by the United States, time and secrecy made a prior declaration of war by Congress impossible. In the expected scenario of a Soviet first strike, there would be only minutes for the president to authorize counterstrikes and no time for constitutional niceties. In that sense, it was argued fairly persuasively that the Constitution had become irrelevant to the military realities facing the republic.
Nuclear war was seen as the most realistic war-fighting scenario, with all other forms of war trivial in comparison. Just as nuclear weapons came to be called “strategic weapons” with other weapons of war occupying a lesser space, nuclear war became identical with war in general. If that was so, then constitutional procedures that could not be applied to nuclear war were simply no longer relevant.
Paradoxically, if nuclear warfare represented the highest level of warfare, there developed at the lowest level covert operations. Apart from the nuclear confrontation with the Soviets, there was an intense covert war, from back alleys in Europe to the Congo, Indochina to Latin America. Indeed, it was waged everywhere precisely because the threat of nuclear war was so terrible: Covert warfare became a prudent alternative. All of these operations had to be deniable. An attempt to assassinate a Soviet agent or raise a secret army to face a Soviet secret army could not be validated with a declaration of war. The Cold War was a series of interconnected but discrete operations, fought with secret forces whose very principle was deniability. How could declarations of war be expected in operations so small in size that had to be kept secret from Congress anyway?
There was then the need to support allies, particularly in sending advisers to train their armies. These advisers were not there to engage in combat but to advise those who did. In many cases, this became an artificial distinction: The advisers accompanied their students on missions, and some died. But this was not war in any conventional sense of the term. And therefore, the declaration of war didn’t apply.
By the time Vietnam came up, the transition from military assistance to advisers to advisers in combat to U.S. forces at war was so subtle that there was no moment to which you could point that said that we were now in a state of war where previously we weren’t. Rather than ask for a declaration of war, Johnson used an incident in the Tonkin Gulf to get a congressional resolution that he interpreted as being the equivalent of war. The problem here was that it was not clear that had he asked for a formal declaration of war he would have gotten one. Johnson didn’t take that chance.
What Johnson did was use Cold War precedents, from the Korean War, to nuclear warfare, to covert operations to the subtle distinctions of contemporary warfare in order to wage a substantial and extended war based on the Tonkin Gulf resolution — which Congress clearly didn’t see as a declaration of war — instead of asking for a formal declaration. And this represented the breakpoint. In Vietnam, the issue was not some legal or practical justification for not asking for a declaration. Rather, it was a political consideration.
Johnson did not know that he could get a declaration; the public might not be prepared to go to war. For this reason, rather than ask for a declaration, he used all the prior precedents to simply go to war without a declaration. In my view, that was the moment the declaration of war as a constitutional imperative collapsed. And in my view, so did the Johnson presidency. In hindsight, he needed a declaration badly, and if he could not get it, Vietnam would have been lost, and so may have been his presidency. Since Vietnam was lost anyway from lack of public consensus, his decision was a mistake. But it set the stage for everything that came after — war by resolution rather than by formal constitutional process.
After the war, Congress created the War Powers Act in recognition that wars might commence before congressional approval could be given. However, rather than returning to the constitutional method of the Declaration of War, which can be given after the commencement of war if necessary (consider World War II) Congress chose to bypass declarations of war in favor of resolutions allowing wars. Their reason was the same as the president’s: It was politically safer to authorize a war already under way than to invoke declarations of war.
All of this arose within the assertion that the president’s powers as commander in chief authorized him to engage in warfare without a congressional declaration of war, an idea that came in full force in the context of nuclear war and then was extended to the broader idea that all wars were at the discretion of the president. From my simple reading, the Constitution is fairly clear on the subject: Congress is given the power to declare war. At that moment, the president as commander in chief is free to prosecute the war as he thinks best. But constitutional law and the language of the Constitution seem to have diverged. It is a complex field of study, obviously.
An Increasing Tempo of Operations
All of this came just before the United States emerged as the world’s single global power — a global empire — that by definition would be waging war at an increased tempo, from Kuwait, to Haiti, to Kosovo, to Afghanistan, to Iraq, and so on in an ever-increasing number of operations. And now in Libya, we have reached the point that even resolutions are no longer needed.
It is said that there is no precedent for fighting al Qaeda, for example, because it is not a nation but a subnational group. Therefore, Bush could not reasonably have been expected to ask for a declaration of war. But there is precedent: Thomas Jefferson asked for and received a declaration of war against the Barbary pirates. This authorized Jefferson to wage war against a subnational group of pirates as if they were a nation.
Had Bush requested a declaration of war on al Qaeda on Sept. 12, 2001, I suspect it would have been granted overwhelmingly, and the public would have understood that the United States was now at war for as long as the president thought wise. The president would have been free to carry out operations as he saw fit. Roosevelt did not have to ask for special permission to invade Guadalcanal, send troops to India, or invade North Africa. In the course of fighting Japan, Germany and Italy, it was understood that he was free to wage war as he thought fit. In the same sense, a declaration of war on Sept. 12 would have freed him to fight al Qaeda wherever they were or to move to block them wherever the president saw fit.
Leaving aside the military wisdom of Afghanistan or Iraq, the legal and moral foundations would have been clear — so long as the president as commander in chief saw an action as needed to defeat al Qaeda, it could be taken. Similarly, as commander in chief, Roosevelt usurped constitutional rights for citizens in many ways, from censorship to internment camps for Japanese-Americans. Prisoners of war not adhering to the Geneva Conventions were shot by military tribunal — or without. In a state of war, different laws and expectations exist than during peace. Many of the arguments against Bush-era intrusions on privacy also could have been made against Roosevelt. But Roosevelt had a declaration of war and full authority as commander in chief during war. Bush did not. He worked in twilight between war and peace.
One of the dilemmas that could have been avoided was the massive confusion of whether the United States was engaged in hunting down a criminal conspiracy or waging war on a foreign enemy. If the former, then the goal is to punish the guilty. If the latter, then the goal is to destroy the enemy. Imagine that after Pearl Harbor, FDR had promised to hunt down every pilot who attacked Pearl Harbor and bring them to justice, rather than calling for a declaration of war against a hostile nation and all who bore arms on its behalf regardless of what they had done. The goal in war is to prevent the other side from acting, not to punish the actors.
The Importance of the Declaration
A declaration of war, I am arguing, is an essential aspect of war fighting particularly for the republic when engaged in frequent wars. It achieves a number of things. First, it holds both Congress and the president equally responsible for the decision, and does so unambiguously. Second, it affirms to the people that their lives have now changed and that they will be bearing burdens. Third, it gives the president the political and moral authority he needs to wage war on their behalf and forces everyone to share in the moral responsibility of war. And finally, by submitting it to a political process, many wars might be avoided. When we look at some of our wars after World War II it is not clear they had to be fought in the national interest, nor is it clear that the presidents would not have been better remembered if they had been restrained. A declaration of war both frees and restrains the president, as it was meant to do.
I began by talking about the American empire. I won’t make the argument on that here, but simply assert it. What is most important is that the republic not be overwhelmed in the course of pursuing imperial goals. The declaration of war is precisely the point at which imperial interests can overwhelm republican prerogatives.
There are enormous complexities here. Nuclear war has not been abolished. The United States has treaty obligations to the United Nations and other countries. Covert operations are essential, as is military assistance, both of which can lead to war. I am not making the argument that constant accommodation to reality does not have to be made. I am making the argument that the suspension of Section 8 of Article I as if it is possible to amend the Constitution with a wink and nod represents a mortal threat to the republic. If this can be done, what can’t be done?
My readers will know that I am far from squeamish about war. I have questions about Libya, for example, but I am open to the idea that it is a low-cost, politically appropriate measure. But I am not open to the possibility that quickly after the commencement of hostilities the president need not receive authority to wage war from Congress. And I am arguing that neither the Congress nor the president have the authority to substitute resolutions for declarations of war. Nor should either want to. Politically, this has too often led to disaster for presidents. Morally, committing the lives of citizens to waging war requires meticulous attention to the law and proprieties.
As our international power and interests surge, it would seem reasonable that our commitment to republican principles would surge. These commitments appear inconvenient. They are meant to be. War is a serious matter, and presidents and particularly Congresses should be inconvenienced on the road to war. Members of Congress should not be able to hide behind ambiguous resolutions only to turn on the president during difficult times, claiming that they did not mean what they voted for. A vote on a declaration of war ends that. It also prevents a president from acting as king by default. Above all, it prevents the public from pretending to be victims when their leaders take them to war. The possibility of war will concentrate the mind of a distracted public like nothing else. It turns voting into a life-or-death matter, a tonic for our adolescent body politic.<|endoftext|>Klasik Genetiğin Sonuçları
MENDEL’in 1866’da yayınlanan “Kalıtım Yasaları”, 1900 yılında DE VRIES, CORRENS ve TSCHERMAK adlı araştırıcılar tarafından tekrar keşfedildi. Çaprazlama ve hücre araştırmalarından, 1903 yılında kalıtım faktörlerinin taşıyıcısı olarak kromozomların söz konusu edilmesi sonucunda, KROMOZOM TEORİSİ ortaya atılmış oluyordu. Bu teori T.H. MORGAN tarafından 1910 yılında deneysel bir yolla da onaylandı. MORGAN, Mendel Yasaları ‘nı kontrol ve denetim amacına yönelik çalışmalarında, deney objesi olarak bu sefer bezelyeleri değil, sirke sineğini (Drosophila melanogaster) kullanmıştı.
ÇALIŞMA TEKNİKLERİ VE DENEY OBJELERİ
Kalıtım deneylerinde bezelyenin yanında birçok hayvan türü ve mikroorganizmaların da kullanıldığı bilinir. Amerikalı biyolog MORGAN 1910’danitibaren sirke sineği ile yürüttüğü genetik çalışmaları ve onun haritasını bulması nedeniyle 1923 yılında Nobel Bilim Ödülü’nü aldı. Sirke sineği döl süresinin 14 gün gibi kısa oluşu; bir çiftin meydana getirdiği yavru sayısının yüksek oluşu (300 yavru); kültürünün kolay oluşu; deney için kapladığı yerin büyük olmayışı ve verilen besinin çok ucuz oluşu gibi nedenlerden ötürü, en çok kullanılan bir deney objesi olma özelliğini, MORGAN’dan beri devam ettirmektedir. Kontrol edilebilir özelliklerinin sayısı da fazladır
SİRKE SİNEĞİNİN GELİŞİM DÖNGÜSÜ VE MUTANTLARI
Sirke sineği, olgun meyvalar üzerinde ve laboratuvarda, dişinin üzerine yumurtalarını bıraktığı besi ağarında yaşar. Yumurtalar 0,5 mm büyüklüğünde olup bırakıldıktan yaklaşık 24 saat sonra larvalar çıkar. Bunlar birkaç kez deri değiştirir ve yaklaşık 5 mm büyüklüğünde larva olarak; kültürlerin yapıldığı cam kavanozların yan
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education in 1909 were 800–1,000 Marks per year for eight years. By comparison, a metal worker earned 1,366 Marks annually and a teacher 3,294 Marks. Only 5 percent of the German population at the time earned more than 3,000 Marks annually. However, the doctor certified him as fit only for limited duties (bedingt tauglich), as pneumonia in childhood had left him unfit for service in U-boats. After a second examination, he was accepted on probation, and Lindemann became one of the 290 young men of "Crew 1913" (the incoming class of 1913). He was officially enlisted in the Imperial Navy as a Seekadett (midshipman) on 1 April 1913.
In early May 1913, the cadets of Crew 1913 were sent to the training ships SMS Hansa, SMS Hertha, SMS Victoria Louise and SMS Vineta. Lindemann was assigned to Hertha with 71 of his comrades. At that time, Hertha was under the command of Captain Heinrich Rohardt, a friend of his uncle Friedrich. Arriving on board on 9 May, they were divided into watches consisting of roughly 18 men each. Hertha left Mürwik and stayed in Kiel until the end of the month. On 29 May 1913, Hertha headed for Swinemünde, where she stayed until 15 June. The next stop, via Sassnitz and Visby, was Stockholm, Sweden, arriving on 24 June. The ship remained in Stockholm until 1 July, before leaving for Bergen in Norway. After a few days, the voyage continued to the Lönne Fjord. Here, Lindemann met his commander-in-chief—Kaiser Wilhelm II—for the first time. Hertha then returned to Germany, arriving in Wilhelmshaven on 8 August 1913.
One week later, Hertha began a seven-month training cruise (15 August 1913 – 12 March 1914). The voyage took Lindemann to Dartmouth in England, Vilagarcía de Arousa in Spain, Faial Island in the Azores and as far as Halifax in Nova Scotia. The return trip then went via Vera Cruz in Mexico, Havana in Cuba, Port-au-Prince in Haiti, Kingston in Jamaica, Port of Spain in Trinidad and then to the Canary Islands, Madeira, and the Spanish mainland, arriving back in Germany in the middle of March 1914, first in Brunsbüttel and two days later in Kiel. Lindemann was promoted to Fähnrich zur See (Ensign) on 3 April 1914.
World War I
With the German declaration of war in August 1914, all further training at the naval academy was terminated and the normal compulsory officer examination was skipped. The entire Crew 1913 was assigned to various units in the Imperial Navy. Lindemann was assigned to SMS Lothringen, a battleship which belonged to the 2nd Battle Squadron of the High Seas Fleet under the command of Vizeadmiral (vice admiral) Reinhard Scheer,[Tr 2] taking on the position of 3rd wireless telegraphy officer.[Tr 3] Lothringen was mostly tasked with patrolling the North Sea, sailing back and forth between Altenbruch (now part of Cuxhaven) and Brunsbüttel without engaging in combat. Lindemann left Lothringen on 1 June 1915 to attend the wireless telegraphy school at Mürwik.[Tr 4] He successfully completed the course and returned from it in July 1915. He then took over the position of 2nd wireless telegraphy officer and was promoted to Leutnant zur See (Second Lieutenant) on 18 September 1915.[Tr 5]
On 19 March 1916, Lindemann was transferred to the newly commissioned battleship SMS Bayern (under the command of Captain Max Hahn), with the same rank of 2nd wireless telegraphy officer. Bayern, with her eight 38 cm (15 in) guns, was the most powerful ship of the fleet. Her crew had been largely assigned from Lothringen, which continued to serve as a training ship. Aboard Bayern, now under the command of Captain Rohardt, Lindemann participated in Operation Albion in September–October 1917. Operation Albion's objective was the invasion and occupation of the Estonian islands of Saaremaa (Ösel), Hiiumaa (Dagö) and Muhu (Moon), then part of the Russian Republic. At 05:07 on 12 October 1917, Bayern struck a mine while moving into her bombardment position to secure the landing beaches at Pamerort. Seven sailors were killed. Despite mine damage, Bayern engaged the coast defense battery at Cape Toffri on the southern tip of Hiiumaa. Bayern was released from her duties at 14:00 that day. Preliminary repairs were made on 13 October in Tagga Bay before she returned to Kiel on 1 November 1917.
After the armistice in 1918, Bayern—together with the majority of the German High Seas Fleet—was interned at Scapa Flow, the home of the British Grand Fleet. Bayern arrived there on 23 November 1918 with a skeleton crew of only 175 men, including Lindemann, who was then ordered to return to Germany, arriving in Kiel on 12 January. On 21 June 1919, Admiral Ludwig von Reuter ordered the interned fleet to be scuttled, and Bayern sank at 14:30.
Between the wars: Reichsmarine
When Ernst Lindemann returned to Germany, it was uncertain whether he could remain on active military service. As a result of the Treaty of Versailles which was signed on 28 June 1919, the former Imperial German Navy was downsized to 15,000 men, including 1,500 officers, while being renamed the Reichsmarine in the era of the Weimar Republic. As Lindemann had finished fifth in the Class of 1913, he stood a good chance of being retained. He served temporarily in the Dahlem Protection Company a part of the Protection Regiment of Greater Berlin (June–July 1919),[Tr 6][Tr 7] before he became adjutant to the newly created chief of the Naval Command Department (1 August 1919 – 30 September 1922),[Tr 8] at the time under the command of William Michaelis. The Naval Command Department was directly subordinated to the Admiralty Staff.[Tr 9] At the same time, he held the position of adjutant in the Fleet Department.[Tr 10] During this assignment Lindemann was promoted to Oberleutnant zur See (Sub-Lieutenant) on 7 January 1920.
Lindemann's next assignment (1 October 1922 – 30 September 1924) was aboard the battleship Hannover, where he served as a watch and division officer. During this assignment, he attended an officers' course at the ships' gunnery school in Kiel between 5 February and 3 May 1924. From here, Lindemann took command of the 1st Artillery Company of the 3rd Coastal Defense Department in Friedrichsort in Kiel from 1 October 1924 – 26 September 1926.[Tr 11][Tr 12] His commanding officer was Korvettenkapitän (Lieutenant Commander) Otto Schultze, a former World War I U-boat commander and later Generaladmiral (general admiral) of the Kriegsmarine. In this position, Lindemann was promoted to Kapitänleutnant (captain lieutenant) on 1 January 1925.
His next assignment (27 September 1926 – 6 September 1929) placed him on the Admiral's staff at the Baltic Naval Station,[Tr 13] first as a staff officer and then as assistant to the chief of the station, which at the time was under the command of Vice Admiral Erich Raeder. From here, he was transferred to the Elsass serving as the second gunnery officer and Fähnrichsoffizier (officer in charge of cadets), responsible for the on-board training of the officer cadets, from 7 September 1929 – 25 February 1930. Holding the same rank and position, Lindemann then transferred to the Schleswig-Holstein.
Between the wars: Kriegsmarine
On 30 January 1933, the Nazi Party, under the leadership of Adolf Hitler, came to power in Germany, ushering in a period of naval rearmament. In 1935, the Reichsmarine was renamed the Kriegsmarine. Between 22 September 1931 and 22 September 1934, Lindemann was a senior lecturer at the Naval Gunnery School in Kiel. He was then posted to the Hessen under the command of Captain Hermann Boehm and served as first gunnery officer from 23 September 1933 to 8 April 1934. Ernst Lindemann was promoted to Lieutenant Commander on 1 April 1932. On 9 April 1934, he was ordered to the Wilhelmshaven Shipyard (9 April–11 November 1934) for training in ship construction and familiarisation with the heavy cruiser Admiral Scheer, under the command of Captain Wilhelm Marschall.
On Admiral Scheer, he again served as first gunnery officer, and in this position he participated in the Spanish Civil War (24 July–30 August 1936). Admiral Scheer had to make ready for the mission on short notice; the order came from Admiral Rolf Carls on 23 July 1936 at 13:45. The normal 48 hours required to prepare the ship was reduced to 12 hours, demanding a lot of the crew and especially Lindemann. As the first gunnery officer, Lindemann was responsible for handling and storing all munitions. Admiral Scheer and the cruiser Deutschland left Germany on 24 July at 8:00. Lindemann's main responsibilities included commanding the German landing parties and acting as diplomatic aid and interpreter for Captain Marschall. These landing parties consisted of up to 350 men, which included 11 officers, 15 non-commissioned officers and 266 sailors, or roughly one-third of the crew. On the return voyage to Germany, Admiral Scheer stopped at Gibraltar on the morning of 25 August 1936. Marschall, Lindemann and other officers met with the British Governor and Rear Admiral James Somerville. After Lindemann returned to Germany, he was promoted to commander on 1 October 1936.
Between 1936 and 1938, he was an adviser and later head of the ship construction department at the Naval High Command,[Tr 14] and at the same time a consultant to and later chief of the Naval Training Department.[Tr 15] On 1 April 1938, he was promoted to the rank of Kapitän zur See (captain at sea). On 30 September 1939, one month after the outbreak of World War II, Lindemann succeeded Captain Heinrich Woldag as commander of the Naval Gunnery School in Wik in Kiel,[Tr 16] after Woldag took command of the heavy cruiser Blücher. Under his command were three training departments, the gunnery training ship Bremse and Hektor, numerous gunnery training boats, gun carriers, auxiliary vessels, and occasionally Hitler's state yacht, the aviso Grille.
Commander of the battleship Bismarck
Ernst Lindemann was frustrated by the fact that—as commander of the Naval Gunnery School—he would never come into direct contact with the enemy. When he received the news that he had been selected to be the first commander of the battleship Bismarck, he was honoured by the trust that had been bestowed on him but doubted that he would be able to get Bismarck ready for action before the war was over. His doubts suggest that he was confident the war would end in a favourable outcome for Germany by mid-1940. Prior to commanding Bismarck, Lindemann had never held any shipboard command, a situation rare if not unique in the Kriegsmarine. Nevertheless, Lindemann had served exclusively on ships with a gun calibre of at least 28 cm (11 in), and he was Germany's leading gunnery expert. In 1940, he ranked second out of Crew 1913 and was considered an outstanding leader.
Lindemann arrived at the Blohm & Voss shipbuilding works in Hamburg at the beginning of August 1940. Bismarck 's keel had been laid on 1 July 1936 and she was launched on 14 February 1939. Burkard Freiherr von Müllenheim-Rechberg joined Bismarck as fourth gunnery officer in June 1940,[Notes 5] and he would become the highest-ranking officer to survive Bismarck 's last battle on 27 May 1941. Much of what is currently known about Bismarck 's final days is attributed to his account as a witness. Lindemann made Von Müllenheim-Rechberg his personnel adjutant and instructed him to refer to the ship as "he" rather than "she"; Lindemann considered the ship too powerful to be referred to as a female. He commissioned the battleship on 24 August 1940. He showed a great deal of attachment to the ship and was respected by his crew.
Bismarck left the Kiel Fjord on the morning of 28 September 1940 heading east. After an uneventful voyage through rough seas, Bismarck reached Gotenhafen (now Gdynia) the next day. Here Bismarck conducted a number of sea trials in the relative safety of the Bay of Danzig (now Gdańsk Bay). By 30 November 1940, Lindemann had set a number of tests for the crew, which they passed easily. During high speed trials, Bismarck reached a top speed of 30.8 kn (57.0 km/h; 35.4 mph), exceeding the design speed. However, one weakness quickly became apparent: without using the rudders but only the screws, Bismarck was almost impossible to steer.
In November 1940, Von Müllenheim-Rechberg was sent to the Naval Gunnery School at Wik to complete his heavy gun training courses, which ended his position as Lindemann's personal adjutant. Lindemann's new adjutant was the signals officer Second Lieutenant Wolfgang Reiner. Bismarck 's heavy guns were first test-fired in the second half of November, and Bismarck was shown to be a very stable gun platform. After the 1940 Christmas celebration on board, Lindemann and the majority of the officers, non-commissioned officers and sailors went on home leave. First gunnery officer Lieutenant Commander Adalbert Schneider relieved Lindemann as Bismarck 's commander during his absence. Lindemann spent his leave with his wife and daughter and returned on 1 January 1941.
On 28 April 1941, the ship and crew were ready, and stores were on board for a three-month mission. Lindemann notified Naval High Command (Oberkommando der Marine), Naval Groups North and West (Marinegruppen Nord und West) and Fleet Command that Bismarck was ready for action. The Chief of Fleet—Admiral Günther Lütjens—and his fleet staff held drills for the first time on board Bismarck on 13 May, testing the communication chain between Fleet Command and Bismarck 's officers.
Adolf Hitler—accompanied by Generalfeldmarschall Wilhelm Keitel, his former naval adjutant Commander Karl-Jesko von Puttkamer, and his Luftwaffe adjutant Oberst Nicolaus von Below, among others—visited Bismarck on 5 May 1941. Missing was Grand Admiral Erich Raeder. Hitler was taken on a tour of the ship by Admiral Lütjens and inspected the various battle stations. Hitler and Lütjens also met in private and discussed the risks of a mission in the North Atlantic. After this meeting, Hitler and the officers of Bismarck had lunch in the officers' mess, where Hitler spoke about America's unwillingness to enter the war. Lindemann openly disagreed with Hitler, expressing his opinion that the possibility of the United States entering the war could not be ruled out.
The goal of Operation Rheinübung (Rhine Exercise) was for Bismarck and the heavy cruiser Prinz Eugen—under the command of Lindemann's Crew 1913 classmate Captain Helmuth Brinkmann—to break into the Atlantic and attack Allied shipping. Grand Admiral Raeder's orders to the task force commander—Admiral Günther Lütjens—were that "the objective of the Bismarck is not to defeat enemies of equal strength, but to tie them down in a delaying action, while preserving combat capacity as much as possible, so as to allow Prinz Eugen to get at the merchant ships in the convoy" and "The primary target in this operation is the enemy's merchant shipping; enemy warships will be engaged only when that objective makes it necessary and it can be done without excessive risk."
At 02:00 on 19 May 1941, Bismarck and Prinz Eugen left Gotenhafen and proceeded through the Baltic Sea and out toward the Atlantic. Unknown to Lütjens, the British had intercepted enough signals to infer that a German naval operation might occur in the area. The German task force was first encountered by the Swedish seaplane-cruiser Gotland on 20 May heading north-west past Gothenburg. The British Admiralty was informed through a Norwegian officer in Stockholm who had learned of the sighting from a Swedish military intelligence source. Alerted by this report, British Admiralty requested air reconnaissance of the Norwegian coast. A Spitfire reconnaissance aircraft found and photographed the German task force in the Grimstad fjord ( ), near Bergen, at 13:15 on 21 May. On the evening of 23 May at 19:22, the German force was detected by the heavy cruisers HMS Suffolk and Norfolk that had been patrolling the Denmark Strait in the expectation of a German breakout. The alarm was sounded and Lindemann announced at 20:30 over the intercom: "Feind in Sicht an Backbord, Schiff nimmt Gefecht auf". (Enemy sighted to port. Engage!) Bismarck fired five salvos without scoring a direct hit. The heavily outgunned British cruisers retired to a safe distance and shadowed the enemy until their own heavy units could draw closer. However, Bismarck 's forward radar had failed as a result of vibration from the heavy guns firing during this skirmish, and Lütjens was obliged to order Prinz Eugen to move ahead of Bismarck in order to provide the squadron with forward radar coverage.
At the Battle of the Denmark Strait on 24 May 1941, HMS Hood was sunk, probably by Bismarck. The hydrophones on Prinz Eugen detected a foreign ship to port at 05:00. The Germans sighted the smokestacks of two ships at 05:45, which the first gunnery officer Lieutenant Commander Adalbert Schneider initially reported as two heavy cruisers. The first British salvo revealed them to be battleships, but not until the British task force turned to port was their precise identity revealed. The British ships started firing at the German task force at 05:53. Vice-Admiral Lancelot Holland planned on targeting Bismarck first,
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总有这样的盼望：和大家一起打开心内的门窗.每天,我都与黄昏相会的人道晚安,因为我珍惜每一次相会的因缘.在我的心里,总有这样的盼望：和大家一起走向光明的所在.十年夜雨心不冷,永远保持青春时代的热情.白鸟飞远天不远,心爱的人一直在美丽的白云间.千山越过水不浊,故乡的田园永远在安慰我的心.万花落尽春不尽,五彩的春光在冬天也不会凋零.只要打开心内的门窗,就会走向光明的所在；只要打开心内的门窗,就会走向光明的所在；打开心内的门窗,走向光明的所在
读《走向光明的所在》有感姜堰市三水学校九（5）班
沐晓璐每个人心中都有一扇窗,窗外是绚丽多彩、光怪陆离的花花世界,窗外则是每个人心中潜藏的忧郁和伤感,是最隐秘的世界.
对大部分人来说,多数时候,心中的窗是与外界相连的,没有人能活在完全自我的世界里.然而,当心中下起了雨,我们会下意识地关起那扇窗,拒绝外界的风雨,将自己锁在黑暗中,静静咀嚼那份不为人知的苦涩,直到窗外阳光明媚,我们才会重新开启那扇窗,感受阳光轻抚着我们那曾在黑暗中消沉的心灵,走向光明的所在.
光明,不仅是阳光,更在于人心.
你知道地狱的隔壁是哪里吗?让我告诉你,是天堂.
很多时候,我们会经历各种各样的挫折,也会关闭心中那扇窗,彼时,就算沐浴在阳光下,也会无法走出心灵的阴暗,但只要我们心里有阳光,相信这个世界的光明,我们总会找到天堂的大门.
假如一个人心中都是阴霾,不愿意相信光明的存在,不愿意去寻找心中的天堂,那他注定只能活在阴暗的地狱里,自怜自艾,因为他心中那扇窗永远不会打开,永远也看不到生活中的光明.
一个人内心有了光亮,他的心中便会充满对世界的热爱,他会去用一颗包容的心原谅别人,宽恕自己,即使在最困难的条件下,也会一样坚强、热切,对生命坚信.
千山越过水不浊,万花落尽春不尽.
让我们打开心中那扇窗,让它充满心灵的阳光,一起走向光明的所有
带有彩虹周日早安的祝福语（六）:
假如我是一株小草 作文
世间万物都有着奇妙的规律，也有着奇妙的作用，大自然间的一草一木都属于向往阳光的物种，每一个小生命都在茁壮成长着。大家相亲相爱，每一个生灵都有着自己的责任和义务去维护这个大自然。
我是一颗平凡又普通的小草，虽然我没有鲜花那样色彩鲜艳的花衣裳，也没有蘑菇那五彩斑斓的大帽子，但是我却有一身干净整洁的绿裙子。每天夜里，我都会默默的工作，在早晨的时候，又无声的奉献，虽然我们小草是那样的渺小，可我们却很乐意为大自然服务。夜深人静的夜晚，一切都显得那样安详、恬静。在这时，我们和大树先生将二氧化碳和废气吸入我们的体内，并储存拿起来，等待着早晨的到来，等待着明媚的阳光…当黎明带来早晨的第一缕曙光，整个森林就沸腾了。小鸟在枝头高唱凯歌，蜜蜂在花朵上采蜜，蝴蝶在花丛中舞蹈，小树也伸开它的枝条，尽情在风中摇摆…整片森林是显得多么美好静谧啊！我也活动起来了！开始了崭新的一天。
百灵鸟姐姐为我唱歌，蝴蝶妹妹给我跳舞，大树先生和我问好，我也高兴地和它们说“你们早安呀！”每当听到他们的问候，我是多么高兴快乐啊。太阳公公把他的阳光洒在我们身上，温暖袭遍全身，我们赶紧进行过光合作用，我们吸足了太阳公公的阳光，努力地调和着二氧化碳等废气，将它们转化成清新干净的氧气，释放出来。看着大家都呼吸着我们转换的氧气，我别提有多高兴了！在接近中午时分，天空忽然阴了起来，我欢呼一声，挺直了身板儿，高昂着头，等待着倾盆大雨。果然，不一会儿，天上就下起了大雨，我痛快地洗着澡，不断地吸收着雨阿姨带来的甘露，我明白，雨阿姨是伟大的，为了我们，她奉献了自己。大雨过后，天又放晴了，望着天边的彩虹，我幸福的笑了。看着自己身上干干净净、一尘不染的样子，又看看碧绿的裙子，心里舒服极了。
…
有的时候，我会被人踩；有的时候，我会被羊啃掉；还有的时候，我会枯萎。但是，这不算什么，因为只要我的根还在，我就会“春风吹又生”的。我要继续净化空气，美化环境，为大自然勇敢的献身，无私的奉献！因为我是一颗平凡的小草！
指导老师：魏宗男
带有彩虹周日早安的祝福语（七）:
给老师的五句感恩句和祝福语
祝福语人生旅程上,您丰富我的心灵,开发我的智力,为我点燃了希望的光芒.谢谢您,老师!
春雨,染绿了世界,而自己却无声地消失在泥土之中.老师,您就是滋润我们心田的春雨,我们将永远感谢您.
老师,您是海洋,我是贝壳,是您给了我斑斓的色彩 …… 我当怎样地感谢您!
踏遍心田的每一角,踩透心灵的每一寸,满是对您的敬意.
有如从朔风凛冽的户外来到冬日雪夜的炉边；老师,您的关怀,如这炉炭的殷红,给我无限温暖.我怎能不感谢您 ?
对于您教诲的苦心,我无比感激,并将铭记于心!
天涯海角有尽处,只有师恩无穷期.感谢您,老师!
您用心中全部的爱,染成了我青春的色彩；您用执著的信念,铸成了我性格的不屈 …… 老师,我生命的火花里闪耀着一个您!
鸟儿遇到风雨,躲进它的巢里；我心上有风雨袭来,总是躲在您的怀里－－我的师长,您是我遮雨的伞,挡风的墙,我怎能不感谢您!
没有您的慷慨奉献,哪有我收获的今天.十二万分地感谢您,敬爱的老师.
您送我进入一个彩色的天地,您将我带入一个无限的世界 …… 老师,我的心在喊着您,在向您敬礼.
把精魂给了我,把柔情给了我,把母亲般的一腔爱给了我 …… 老师,您只知道给予而从不想收取,我怎能不向您表示由衷的敬意?
您的眼神是无声的语言,对我充满期待；是燃烧的火焰,给我巨大的热力：它将久久地、久久地印在我的心里 ……
假如我能搏击蓝天,那是您给了我腾飞的翅膀；假如我是击浪的勇士,那是您给了我弄潮的力量；假如我是不灭的火炬,那是您给了我青春的光亮!
敬爱的老师,谢谢您以辛勤的汗水滋润我们的心田,并抚育我们茁壮成长.愿您所有的日子都充满着幸福、欢乐与温馨!
老师,在今天我们身上散发的智慧光芒里,依然闪烁着您当年点燃的火花!
往日,您在我的心田播下了知识的种子,今天,才有我在科研中结出的硕果 ―― 老师,这是您的丰收!
您谆谆的教诲,化作我脑中的智慧,胸中的热血,行为的规范 …… 我感谢您,感谢您对我的精心培育.
因为您的一片爱心的灌浇,一番耕耘的辛劳,才会有桃李的绚丽,稻麦的金黄.愿我的谢意化成一束不凋的鲜花,给您的生活带来芬芳.
忘不了您和风细雨般的话语,荡涤了我心灵上的尘泥；忘不了您浩荡东风般的叮咛,鼓起我前进的勇气.老师,我终生感激您!
真空、坚定、谦逊、朴素 ―― 这是您教给我唱的歌,这是您指引我走的人生之路.
有一道彩虹,不出现在雨后,也不出现在天空,它常出现在我心中,鞭策着我堂堂正正地做人 ―― 给时刻关怀着我的导师!
老师,感谢您用自己的生命之光,照亮了我人生的旅途.
带有彩虹周日早安的祝福语（八）:
成功来之不易的作文
[成功来之不易的作文]
它轻若柳絮,却可以化解沉甸甸的重量；它淡如秋水,却可以渗透最浇筑的时光；它是幸福与幸福的邂逅,是关心和关心的握手,是理解同理解的交流；它更像一粒珍贵的种子,可以为所有跋涉在人生之旅的行客洒下一路星星点点的阳光,成功来之不易的作文.绵绵延续,悠悠生长,成为伴随我们一生的最美行囊. 它,就是微笑. 我只身一人飞往美国,进行一个学期的文化交流.当我第一次踏上圣路易斯的土地,面对行色匆匆、金发碧眼的人群,孤单的我紧紧抓住手中的行囊…… 突然,随着一声亲切的招呼,我已处于十几张微笑面子的包围之中,没想到负责接待的Dr.Tai竟会带这么多人来迎接我,我手中沉重的行囊似乎忽然轻了很多,生活就这样翻开了新的一页. 周末我和接待家庭一起坐地电视机前,看橄榄球超级杯决赛,这是9·11后的美国第一次重大体育赛事.开幕三项式上,9·11的英雄象征——消防队员们抬着美国国旗进场,甲壳虫乐队歌演唱新歌时,巨大的9·11遇难者名单冉冉升起……身边的Spicer一家也突然显得沉默而庄严. 你知道‘9·11’吗?女主人的目光落在我的身上.一刹那,多少人的生活都倾覆了,但是人与人之间的距离却突然缩小了.许多冷漠的纽约人在世贸大厦的废墟前,第一次相互微笑.灾难是可怕的,男主人说,但它让我们这些匆匆赶路的美国人重新思考生命,关注亲情.接着,他拿出一张纸,让我们传看. 这是一首当时在网上流行的诗歌,Tomorrow is not promised to everyone……译成中文,大意是这样的：那一天你同往常一样离开/却没有像往常一样回来/如果早知道那就是生活的终点/我就不会让爱的微笑停在明天…… 我默默地看着手中这一份诗稿.壁炉里的火在静静燃烧,窗外是异国他乡的冬景,中学生作文《成功来之不易的作文》.此时,我所有的亲人、朋友都在无方的家乡,他们看不见我的微笑,也感受不到我的拥抱,而在过去,在朝夕相处的时候,我又何曾想到奉献一份微笑,竟也会变得如此珍贵,又如此飘渺.难道只有突然面对财产、事业、亲情的轰然破碎时,我们才能真正发现那被平凡的生活所尘封的微笑吗? 3月的清晨依然冰冷而干涩,每天起床后,我对镜子里的自己微笑,给自己送上一份好的心情；吃早餐时,我对在厨房里忙碌的接待妈妈微笑,道一声早安,上学的车上,我对刚刚萌绿的山野微笑,准备愉快地迎接新的一天. 转眼到了离别的时刻,而我早已善于与微笑携手同行. 生活的旅途中,我们会面对无数漫长而孤独的时光,然而,只要行囊中的微笑如约开放,它就会化为星星点点的光芒,洒满奔赴的方向. 点评：本文是立意求新,文质兼美的力作.中心事件是在美国9·11废墟上看到纽约人互相微笑,并读到你不要吝啬微笑的诗篇,这与作者远渡重洋,一路见到的情景形成对照,从而懂得微笑还是武器,并做了一回微笑大使.故事选材典型,语言隽永,颇耐寻味.老师拿来一个瓶身高、瓶口小的矿泉水瓶子,一张纸和一个打火机.实验开始了,一个个同学都经历了成功与失败,这使我的心变得胆怯了脑子里顿时出现了许多令我想退缩的问题.轮到我了,平时大胆的我变得胆小如鼠,我心想：到底该不该做这个实验呢?做,危险；不做,怎么体会成功的喜悦.做与不做这个问题让我的大脑面临着艰难的决择.突然,我想到一句话：困难像弹簧,看你强不强,你强它就弱,你弱它就强.对,面对困难决不能退缩.我撕了一长条纸片,小心翼翼地打着打火机,点燃了纸条.火苗很大,看着熊熊燃烧的烈火,我惊慌失措,立刻把纸条投入瓶中,急忙用手掌严严实实地遮住瓶口.霎时间,我觉得一股热流正在往我手掌中窜,使我的手万分疼痛,原来火苗太大,烫到了我的手疼痛男忍的我马上把手打开,但想到面对困难不能退缩,我忍着刀割似的疼痛,又把手掌紧紧地放在了瓶口上.圆圆的瓶子变扁了,瓶内的小水珠也变成了水蒸气,像一片薄雾似的.瓶子里的火熄灭了,我拿起手,瓶子就像一个乖孩子,和我形成一体.看到这一切,我目瞪口呆,终于见到了大气压那神奇的力量!耶!我成功了! 这次实验不仅让我知道了成功的来之不易,还让我大开眼界,看见了大气压那神奇的力量.不经历风雨,怎能见彩虹.这句话真是名副其实呀!【带有彩虹周日早安的祝福语】
带有彩虹周日早安的祝福语（九）:
星期天早上 我在家玩 爸爸说今天我休息 带你到动物园参观 好我说 怎么加标点
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星期天早上,我在家玩,爸爸说：“今天我休息,带你到动物园参观 ,好吗?”“ 好”我说
带有彩虹周日早安的祝福语（十）:
解释下面词语中带点字的意思
星期天我们全家泛舟西湖,欣赏美景.（以免你们看不见） 泛（ ）
你先别问,到
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«شمعی در باد» ساختم که این کار را سال ۹۲ منتشر کردم، کار بعدی من «کوهستان» بود که یکی از ترک های آلبوم تازه ام است این آهنگ از رادیو جوان پخش شد.
خواننده آهنگ «دیوار» در خصوص اجراهای خیابانی خود توضیح داد: سال ۹۵ در تمام لوکیشن های تهران چون اکباتان، پاساژگلستان، الماس هروی و خیابان ولی عصر اجرا داشتم. چون یکی از لذت بخش ترین جاهایی که می توان نواخت خیابان است من دو سال در خیابان نواختم. قصد دارم بعد از صفر هم این کار را ادامه دهم اما این قضیه در بین مردم هنوز جا نیافتاده است.
شلمان در ادامه با اشاره به نام هنری خود بیان کرد: چون زادگاه پدر و مادرم منطقه شلمان استان گیلان است واین کلمه هم جز فامیلیم بود این نام هنری را برای خود برگزیدم.
وی در خاتمه با اشاره به کنسرتی که قرار است برگزار کند گفت: در حال برنامه ریزی هستم که نخستین کنسرتم را در شمال برگزار کنم این کنسرت به نام (SUNWAY) یعنی «راه آفتاب» است. چون سبک من طرفداران زیادی در استان گیلان دارد و اصالتا گیلکی هستم می خواهم این کنسرت را در این استان برگزار کنم.<|endoftext|>This rare slice of the Muonionalusta meteorite, found in 1906 in Norbotten, Sweden, shows a classic example of the Widmanstatten pattern. Widmanstätten patterns, are figures of long nickel-iron crystals. They consist of a fine interleaving of kamacite and taenite bands or ribbons called lamellae. Commonly, in gaps between the lamellae, a fine-grained mixture of kamacite and taenite called plessite can be found.
The Muonionalusta is a meteorite classified as fine octahedrite, type IVA (Of) which impacted in northern Scandinavia, west of the border between Sweden and Finland, about one million years BCE. The first fragment of the Muonionalusta was found in 1906 near the village of Kitkiöjärvi.<|endoftext|>Capcom'un duyurulan ilk güncellemesi Resident Evil Köyühayatta kalma korku-aksiyon serisinde geçen senenin unutulmaz ana girişi, oyunun PlayStation 5 sürümü için mevcut olacak PlayStation VR2 desteği alıyor.
Capcom, Resident Evil… Daha fazla oku...
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Kabul etmekMesajları Oku<|endoftext|>The Syrdarya River
The Syrdarya is the second longest river after the Amudarya River in Central Asia. The length of the river is 2,212 km. The basin area is 219,000 km ². The rivers Angren, Chirchik and Keles flow into the middle stream of the Syrdarya River. The bed of the river is twisting and unstable. There are many lakes and marshes in the mouth of the river.
Glaciations in the basin of the river Syrdarya is not so strong like in the Amudarya River. Previously, the Syrdarya flowed into the Aral Sea, but because the level of water was reduced and the sea was divided into two parts, now the river flows into in northern part of the Sea. Because of the waters of the Syrdarya are used for agriculture, the flow volume decreased by 10 times.
There are 6 regions of Uzbekistan on the territory of the Syrdarya River: Andijan, Namangan, Ferghana, Tashkent, Jizzakh and Syrdarya, 3 regions of Kyrgyzstan: Naryn, Osh and Jalal-Abad, Sughd region of Tajikistan and two areas of Kazakhstan: South Kazakhstan and Kyzylorda.
Greek historians called the middle stream of the river "Tanais", which flowed on the Scythians territory. In the II century BC, the existence of two Tanais (the Mediterranean and Europe) was found by the Greek writer Arrian. According to him, earlier the Syrdarya was called "Yaksart" is the ancient name, widely-spread among the local tribes.
- Historical and architectural monuments of Kok...
- Architectural complex Dakhma-and-Shahan
- Architectural complex Pir Siddik
- Said Ahmad-khoja Madrasah
- The Syrdarya River
- Ferghana Regional Russian Drama Theatre
- Fergana Regional Museum
- Ferghana valley<|endoftext|>- Filled with fear: afraid of ghosts; afraid to die; afraid for his life.
- Having feelings of aversion or unwillingness in regard to something: not afraid of hard work; afraid to show emotion.
- Filled with regret or concern. Used especially to soften an unpleasant statement: I'm afraid you're wrong.
அச்சமுற்ற பயந்த திகிலடைந்த<|endoftext|>Macaulay Culkin, l'indimenticabile protagonista del film cult Mamma ho perso l'aereo, è finito nuovamente nei guai. Recentemente, il sito radaronline.com ha rivelato che il giovane attore, enfant prodige degli anni '90, sarebbe totalemnte schiavo dell'eroina e di oxycodone, un potente antidolorifico, per i quali spenderebbe cifre che arrivano fino a 6 mila dollari al mese. Secondo i ben informati, le condizioni dell'attore sarebbero peggiorate dopo la rottura con l'attrice Mila Kunis.
i più letti<|endoftext|>12 slide powerpoint presentation with speaker notes
I need a someone to develop your own theory of adult learning. Then, create a PowerPoint presentation to highlight your theory to share with organizational leaders. 1. Begin by assessing how adult learners differ from traditional students. 2. Explain how your theory will enhance organizational effectiveness. 3. Determine if the adult learner is a “neglected species.” 4. Explain your thoughts. 5. Recommend strategies to overcome barriers to adult learning. 6. Provide examples to support your findings.
Incorporate appropriate animations, transitions, and graphics as well as speaker notes for each slide. The speaker notes may be comprised of brief paragraphs or bulleted lists. Support your presentation with at least three scholarly resources. In addition to these specified resources, other appropriate scholarly resources may be included.
Length: 12-15 slides (with a separate reference slide)
Notes Length: 100-150 words for each slide
Be sure to include citations for quotations and paraphrases with references in APA format and style where appropriate. Save the file as PPT.<|endoftext|>Shared from teaching.org
A great teacher is one a student remembers and cherishes forever. Teachers have long-lasting impacts on the lives of their students, and the greatest teachers inspire students toward greatness. To be successful, a great teacher must have:
1. An Engaging Personality and Teaching Style
A great teacher is very engaging and holds the attention of students in all discussions.
2. Clear Objectives for Lessons
A great teacher establishes clear objectives for each lesson and works to meet those specific objectives during each class.
3. Effective Discipline Skills
A great teacher has effective discipline skills and can promote positive behaviors and change in the classroom.
4. Good Classroom Management Skills
A great teacher has good classroom management skills and can ensure good student behavior, effective study and work habits, and an overall sense of respect in the classroom.
5. Good Communication with Parents
A great teacher maintains open communication with parents and keeps them informed of what is going on in the classroom as far as curriculum, discipline, and other issues. They make themselves available for phone calls, meetings, and email.
6. High Expectations
A great teacher has high expectations of their students and encourages everyone to always work at their best level.
7. Knowledge of Curriculum and Standards
A great teacher has thorough knowledge of the school’s curriculum and other standards they must uphold in the classroom. They ensure their teaching meets those standards.
8. Knowledge of Subject Matter
This may seem obvious, but is sometimes overlooked. A great teacher has incredible knowledge of and enthusiasm for the subject matter they are teaching. They are prepared to answer questions and keep the material interesting for the students.
9. Passion for Children and Teaching
A great teacher is passionate about teaching and working with children. They are excited about influencing students’ lives and understand the impact they have.
10. Strong Rapport with Students
A great teacher develops a strong rapport with students and establishes trusting relationships.
9 Useful Skills for Teachers
While teaching can certainly be a challenge, it is also one of the most rewarding careers out there. Check out some of the useful skills for teachers to see if there are any areas you need to work on before you become one:
This is likely the single most important skill. Kids these days are stubborn, and many lack the inherent respect for authority that we were taught at a young age. Spending a single day in a room full of raucous teenagers is enough to send any human being to the looney bin, which is why every good teacher needs patience in order to find a way to work with his students and earn their respect.
Different kids learn in different ways, and some lessons need unique teaching tools. Good teachers know how to adapt their lesson plan to their students, so that all the kids learn optimally. This trait can take some experience and practice in a classroom setting, so give it time.
Whether you teach high school chemistry or kindergarten, nothing is a more effective tool than using your imagination to create new and interesting ways for your students to learn. You may be inspired by the work of another teacher, mentor or a TV commercial – it doesn’t matter. All that matters is that you take the initiative to find new ways for your kids to learn the material.
Teachers could have a hard time without a wide variety of support staff around them. If you feel alone, your school principal, administrative staff, parent-teacher committee, and more are often available to provide you help. By working as a team, you may have an easier time increasing your students’ ability to learn and have fun.
Sometimes to get the big reward, you may need to take a risk. Being a teacher is about finding a way to get kids to learn, and sometimes these new learning methods can be risky. Stick to it and you’ll soon find that others are following your teaching example.
You can never know too much when you are a teacher, especially when it comes to the best way to teach your students. Great teachers are constantly looking for ways to expand their horizons with courses, workshops, and seminars. Make sure you don’t become stagnant by taking courses to keep the content fresh in your mind.
No teacher will succeed if they don’t have good communication skills. Clear, concise, and to the point – the better your communication skills are, the easier your lessons will be. There are many different types of classes available to help some teachers who may need help improving their skills.
Teachers need to always remember that, aside from parents, they are one of the most consistent mentors in a child’s life. That means setting a good example, at all times. Teachers may also have students that they spend extra time with being a mentor, which means that being a good role model is even more important.
One of the other most important skills each teacher must have (besides patience) is leadership. Your students need someone to guide them, to be in charge, and set the tone of the class. Leadership is a difficult skill, meaning you may want to get outside help if you feel that you could use more work on this particular skill, or any other for that matter.
Be a great teacher!<|endoftext|>پیش نویس گزارش تحلیل عملکرد فاجعهبار جمهوریخواهان در انتخابات میاندورهای 2022 نشان میدهد که زمان آن فرا رسیده است که ادعاهای تقلب در انتخابات را متوقف کنیم. گزارش، بخشی از آن توسط سی ان ان به دست آمده است، توصیه می کند که رای دهندگان “حوصله گفتگوهای بی پایانی که انتخابات قبلی را از دموکرات ها و جمهوری خواهان تحمیل می کند” ندارند.
جمهوری خواهان با اطمینان از اینکه «سونامی قرمز» کنترل کنگره و مجالس ایالتی را از دست دموکرات ها خارج خواهد کرد، به انتخابات میان دوره ای نزدیک شدند. موج قرمز موعود هرگز آشکار نشد، دموکراتها کنترل سنا را حفظ کردند و جمهوریخواهان تنها اکثریت محدود مجلس را به دست آوردند.
در ماه نوامبر، کمیته ملی جمهوری خواه اعلام کرد که در حال انجام یک بررسی “پس از مرگ” برای بررسی دلایل عملکرد ضعیف است. مطابق با واشنگتن پست، که برای اولین بار در مورد وجود پیش نویس گزارش گزارش شد، یافته های اولیه در میان شرکت کنندگان در جلسه کمیته ملی جمهوری خواه در شهر اوکلاهاما در این هفته پخش شد.
این گزارش شامل چندین پیشنهاد بود، از جمله تردید نامزدهای جمهوری خواه در بحث درباره سقط جنین پس از لغو قانون رو در مقابل وید به نامزدهای دموکرات و رأی دهندگان اجازه داد تا در مورد موضوع حقوق سقط جنین اشتیاق ایجاد کنند.
منابعی که این گزارش را تشریح کردند پست گفت که همچنین به حزب جمهوری خواه توصیه کرد که حملات خود را به رای گیری زودهنگام و پستی متوقف کند. این پیشنهاد با کمپین چند ساله سیاستمداران و صاحب نظران محافظه کار برای افزایش اشتیاق نسبت به حذف گزینه های جایگزین برای رای گیری در صندوق های رای در تضاد است. کمپینهای جمهوریخواه باید حامیان ما را به رای دادن زودهنگام شخصا یا از طریق پست وادار کنند. جمهوریخواهان نمیتوانند به دموکراتها پیش قدم باشند.
قابل توجه است که در این گزارش به طور مستقیم به ترامپ رئیس جمهور سابق اشاره نشده است، یک غفلت آشکار با توجه به اینکه بسیاری از توصیه ها با اصول برنامه 2024 وی در تضاد هستند. ترامپ از کنار گذاشتن ادعای تقلب در انتخابات 2020 خودداری کرده است. در جریان تظاهرات روز پنجشنبه در نیوهمپشایر، رئیسجمهور سابق به جمعی از هواداران اعتقاد خود را مبنی بر تقلب در انتخابات تکرار کرد.
پرطرفدار
ترامپ در حال حاضر پیشتاز رقابت های پرجمعیت جمهوری خواهان برای نامزدی 2024 است. بر اساس پست، نام بردن آشکار ترامپ در این گزارش، وعده رونا مک دانیل، رئیس RNC را نقض میکند که کمیته در داوری خود در انتخابات مقدماتی بیطرف خواهد ماند.
صرف نظر از این، این گزارش سوالاتی را برای حزب در مورد ناتوانی خود در جلب نظر اکثریت رای دهندگان کشور، و معنای آن برای دوره های انتخاباتی آینده ایجاد کرد. در این پیش نویس آمده است: «جمهوری خواهان تنها یک بار در هشت انتخابات ریاست جمهوری گذشته آرای مردم را به دست آورده اند، واضح است که چیزی برای ما کار نمی کند.»<|endoftext|>遵义震荡型标线施工讲讲震荡型热熔标线涂料是通过改进原有标线涂料的流体特性，使之具有优良的触变性能。震荡型热熔标线涂料需要使用专用的振动标线划线机进行划线，在标线表面上有规律地画制出点形、条形、方块等各种突起的图样标线，完工后的标线在汽车压线后具有振动功能。在雨夜中，普通的道路标线涂料的涂膜是平面的，被雨水覆盖后失去标线对入射光的回归反射，驾驶员难以分辨道路标线。路虎交通震荡型道路标线涂料即使遭遇雨水，仍能继续保持露出水面的反射光线。它主要用于公路的边线、转弯处、导流处、出入口标线、桥梁、隧道、陡坡等路段；城市道路路口停车线、车道分界线、特种车道分界线等位置。<|endoftext|>Ethan Novek speaks fast and insists on giving you every detail, even in response to simple questions. It can be overwhelming. But it’s worth sticking with him. Novek started winning science fairs in middle school and was awarded his first patent at 16. Now, at 18, he has his own company, Innovator Energy, and is working on a technology he believes could help dial down global warming.
Despite the growing use of renewable energy, more than 80% of the world’s energy still comes from burning fossil fuels and will continue to do so for decades to come; we simply won’t be able to replace it with renewable energy fast enough. At the same time, under the Paris climate agreement, the world needs to cut emissions fast, in order to reach net-zero emissions by about 2060. If it works, Novek’s technology would allow us to keep burning fossil fuels, without the climate-changing emissions, until we’ve found more sustainable options. The process would still produce carbon dioxide, but the greenhouse gas would be either buried deep in the ground or converted into a useful product.
It’s the sort of world-changing technology that you might expect to come from a well-funded government lab, a startup with deep-pocketed investors, or one of the major players in the billion-dollar energy sector. There’s obviously no guarantee some kid from Connecticut will save the world. But there’s a good reason to pay attention to this particular teen.
Novek approaches all problems starting from first principles. It’s the way we’re all taught to solve problems in school using lessons from basic science, which most adults forget as they get older. But those that do remember can use the method to great success; it’s more or less how Elon Musk approaches problems.
It’s helped Novek identify—correctly—the most valuable link in the carbon-capture technology chain. And his technology, validated through work done at Yale University, attacks that link’s weaknesses in ways many well-established players in the field, including the world’s largest oil companies, haven’t done before.
An early start
I met Novek in Greenwich, Connecticut, on a warm day in September. We’d spoken on the phone before, so I was prepared for how much he loves to hold court. The only difference between Novek on the phone and Novek in person is that, in real life, I could see that he almost never stops smiling.
Novek was born to Keith and Bonnie in a town just outside Boston, Massachusetts. Because of his dad’s work as a consultant, the Noveks moved seven times before Ethan turned eight. Finally, they settled in Greenwich, a famously wealthy town in one of the richest counties in the US. It’s full of celebrities and powerful business people, living in large, lavish homes and commuting into New York City when they want.
“Ethan is an ideas guy,” says his dad, a partner at the global consultancy firm EY. “He’s always carrying his ‘inventions book.’” Ethan got his start in sixth grade, winning a local science-con
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acağının da bir işareti değildir. Aslında, vücudunuz ağrıya yanıt olarak gerilebilir ve bu da terapistin daha derin kaslara erişmesini zorlaştırabilir.
Masaj sırasında ağrı hissederseniz, her zaman masaj terapistinize söylemelisiniz. Terapist, yüzeysel kaslar gerginse, tekniğini ayarlayabilir veya dokuları daha iyi hazırlayabilir.
Derin Doku Masajıyla İlgili Uyarılar
Derin doku masajı, kan pıhtılaşması (örneğin, tromboflebit veya derin ven trombozu) olan kişiler için güvenli olmayabilir, çünkü pıhtının atma riski vardır. Kan pıhtılarınız varsa veya kan pıhtılaşması riski varsa, önce doktorunuza danışmanız gerekir.
Yakın zamanda ameliyat olmuşsanız, kemoterapiye ya da radyasyona maruz kalmışsanız veya başka bir sağlık probleminiz varsa, masaj terapisine başlamadan önce doktorunuza danışmanız akıllıca olacaktır. Ayrıca osteoporozu olan kişiler bu tip masajların daha sert ve baskılı yapılmasından kaçınmalıdır.
Hamileyseniz, bir masaj terapisi almayı düşünüyorsanız doktorunuza danışmalısınız. Hamilelik sırasında derin doku masajından (veya herhangi bir güçlü baskıdan) kaçınılmalıdır, ancak doktorunuz bunun yerine hamilelik masajı konusunda eğitilmiş bir masaj terapisti önerebilir.
Derin doku masajı da morarmaya neden olabilir. Vaka raporlarında derin doku masajı hakkında böyle bildirimler yapılmıştır.
Derin doku masajı, derin baskı ile yapılan bir masajdan daha fazlasıdır. Hedefler ve teknikler İsveç masajından farklıdır. Belli durumlara yardımcı olsa da, masajın her zaman incitmesi veya vücudunuza etkili olması için vücudunuzda ağrı hissetmeniz gerekmediğini unutmayın. Masajınızdan en iyi şekilde yararlanmak için, masaj terapistinizle iletişim kurun.<|endoftext|>"Beğenmediğiniz bir şeyi alkışlamak, yalan söylemenin birçok çeşidinden biridir."
Bernard Shaw
Ben ölünce bir elimi tabutumun dışına atın. İnsanlar görsünler ki padişah olan Süleyman bu dünyadan eli boş gitmiştir.
Kanuni Sultan Süleyman
Din
Hakikat
Hayat
Para
Hiçbir şeyi ben yaptım deme. Ele geçirdiğin tüm kaleler, kazandığın tüm başarılar Allah'ın bir lütfudur.
Başarı
Savaş
Dünya kimseye payidar değildir.
Hayat
Dünya bir hayaldir.
Devlet adalet üzerine inşa edilir.
Adalet
Hükümet
Politika
Geri zekalı ile dahinin, yasalar karşısında eşit olmaması gerekir.
Alexis Carrel
Adalet
Eşitlik
Akıl
Adalet daima güçlüden yanadır.
Machiavelli
Adalet
Güç
Sen kim oluyorsun ki benim yaşadığım hayatı yargılıyorsun? Ben mükemmel değilim ve olmak zorunda da değilim! Parmaklarınla beni göstermeye başlamadan önce kendi ellerinin temiz olduğundan emin ol.
Bob Marley
Adalet
Suçlu kurtulduğunda yargıç kınanır.
Publilius Syrus
Yasa, yapılacak ve yapılmayacak olanı buyuran yüce akıldır... O doğanın gücüdür, o ruhtur, bilgenin aklıdır, adaletli olanla olmayanın ölçüsüdür.
Marcus Tullius Cicero
Adalet
Hükümet
Zulm ile âbâd olanın, âhiri berbâd olur.
Abdülhamid Ziyaeddin
Adalet
Başarısızlık<|endoftext|>快速导航
谷歌添加了一项新功能，以帮助企业自动回复通过谷歌地图和谷歌搜索业务列表提交的问题。这项新功能是您的 Google 商家资料的一部分，可以在消息部分的常见问题解答部分下进行管理。
自动消息传递。谷歌添加了一项功能，作为企业，您可以建议人们在开始聊天时可以向您的企业提出的问题，然后设置对这些问题的自动回复。这称为常见问题。
在哪里可以找到它。您可以通过搜索“我的商家”或您的商家名称在 Google 搜索中找到此信息。然后单击“客户”按钮，然后单击“消息”。在该部分中，单击三个垂直点，然后单击“消息设置”，然后单击“管理常见问题”。
它看起来像什么。这是常见问题部分的屏幕截图：
这是常见问题解答输入表：
更多细节。最先发现这一点并在 Twitter 上发布的 Stefan Somborac 解释说，您最多可以创建十个常见问题解答，每个问题有 40 个字符的限制，每个答案有 500 个字符的限制。另外，您可以在答案中包含链接。
为什么我们关心。Google 地图和 Google 搜索中的消息传递对客户来说可能非常有用，但许多企业没有资源及时回复此类问题。常见问题解答和自动响应可以帮助这些企业以更及时的方式响应客户，提高客户满意度和业务资源。<|endoftext|>张若尘就如此搂着齐霏雨的柳腰，径直的离开，向玉清宫的方向行去，只留下一群目瞪口呆的圣传弟子。从始至终，齐霏雨居然也没有反抗，更没有做出拒绝他的行为。“哼！也许吧！以前武魂殿只有一尊绝世斗罗，不得不和昊天宗保持相对和平，现如今我们武魂殿有两尊绝世斗罗，就算唐晨真的回来了，也改变不了昊天宗如今的颓势。”.希望你能喜欢。
回复 莎拉·杰西卡·帕克 : 房间中央的大型魔网终端上空投影着各个监听信道中的波动情况，现在那每一个画面中的曲线都呈现出无意义的杂波形态，而房间四周的数台二级魔网终端上空则只有空白的画面。”
回复 庄浦和: 这部《国产美女在线精品免费看》橙月星使悬空而立，长发犹如瀑布一般直垂而下，落入水中，她的身躯被一层光雾包裹，只能看见一个虚幻的影子，给人一种神秘的朦胧美感。
回复 丑俏丽 : 拉文凯斯接受了这个命令，他很清楚那位大魔法师已经失去耐心，因为后者并不是一个能容忍自己的奴仆自由行事的人，所以他根本没有选择，而且去魔力井中调整符文，正好也可以让他验证一个最关键的问题。。<|endoftext|>多年后再回头看那海市蜃楼多年后再回头，看那年轻时的海市蜃楼，也许不过是片爱的墓地。 7月 10, 2023 Jul 10, 2023 https://www.bkseeker.com/%e5%a4%9a%e5%b9%b4%e5%90%8e%e5%86%8d%e5%9b%9e%e5%a4%b4%e7%9c%8b%e9%82%a3%e6%b5%b7%e5%b8%82%e8%9c%83%e6%a5%bc-28027
王曼说，从小到大，他一共暗恋过三个女生。
第一个是他小学同桌，王曼欺负了她四年，等到五年级，王曼的审美能力发生质的飞跃，发现同桌的马尾辫不仅可以揪着玩，静静欣赏也不错。然而不到一个月，马尾辫的父母突然离异，她在刺激之下性情大变，还剃了光头，王曼的暗恋也在光头的照耀下无疾而终。
初中时代，王曼的暗恋对象是舞蹈队的队花。每天放学，王曼就跑到舞蹈房窗前看她练舞，同时还有另外几个男生也在观看，并经常因为争风吃醋而发生斗殴。眼看男人间的友谊就要因为女人而破裂，一个早熟的富二代挺身而出，与队花越过道德的边境，走过爱的禁区，最终双双被学校开除。
升入高中后，王曼喜欢上了文艺女子，每次语文考试都要在作文纸上写散文诗的宋诗雯被他纳入精神后宫。为了让自己也文艺起来，王曼利用课余时间疯狂读书，上学时都背着《追忆似水年华》。可惜好景不长，高二下学期，宋诗雯与隔壁班的数学老师情愫暗生，继而私奔，从此杳无音讯。
纵观王曼的暗恋史，不难得出一个结论：此人命硬，女生绕行。
这些故事是王曼刚上大一时讲的。我们住一个宿舍，每天晚上熄灯后开卧谈会，六个男生就把自己的情史拎出来梳理一遍。实际上我们的感情经历都乏善可陈，说起这些就像执着于理财的穷光蛋一样，每分钱都得拿出来掂量半天。
但宋诗雯的故事我们却百听不厌。
据说，宋诗雯的私奔让王曼悲痛欲绝，青春年少的他几次走上阳台，看着楼下的车水马龙，觉得生无所恋。
“如果不是怕死，当时我真的会毫不犹豫地跳下去。”
每次王曼认真地说出这句话，我们都会笑成一团，宿舍老大甚至笑得从上铺摔下去过。但王曼却不介意，依旧沉醉于自己凄美的爱情。
由于天天看《追忆似水年华》，王曼的成绩直线下降，尤其是数学已经到了惨不忍睹的地步。数学老师为了拯救这个后进生，勒令他每天放学之后到办公室写作业，有问题当场问，写完才能回家。这本是一个惨绝人寰的处罚，但是当王曼在办公室偶遇同样留下来写作业的宋诗雯时，他顿悟一切都是缘分，看着像天山童姥的数学老师原来是月老。
其实身为班长的宋诗雯的数学成绩不错，她是主动来办公室写作业的。那时的王曼还很懵懂，看不出其中玄机，只道是命运使然。数学老师是年级组长，放学之后经常要开会，于是便委托坐她对面的小吴老师给两个学生讲题。
小吴老师研究生毕业，在这所学校工作了四年，凭借酷似方中信的相貌迷倒无数女生。但是，为了见他而主动来办公室写作业的女生，宋诗雯是头一个。
青春期的女生敏感得可怕，而脸上爬满青春痘的男生却因为自大，迟钝得可怜。王曼印象中宋诗雯经常拿着一些没什么技术含量的题目去问小吴老师，但从来没有多想，因为他的全部注意力都集中于宋诗雯和他打招呼时的表情，讨论题目时的语气和告别一刻的微笑。
当私奔事件发生后，作为重要证人的王曼，被叫到了会议室，里面坐着校长、书记、年级组长，还有一个他不认识的女人。王曼没能提供出什么有价值的信息，反倒是从盘问他的人那里知道了点儿关于宋诗雯私奔的来龙去脉。
宋诗雯和小吴老师在离开的那天，同时向学校请了病假。第二天，学校就意识到出事了，小吴老师的妻子找到学校，说自己的丈夫不见了，只留下一张道歉的字条。
王曼才明白会议室里那个他不认识的女人，就是小吴老师的妻子。她貌似平静的脸上爬满了倦意，眼睛也是肿的。
盘问结束后，校长要求王曼一定保守秘密。当然事情还是不胫而走，关于宋诗雯与小吴老师真真假假的浪漫桥段遍布校园的每个角落。
根据王曼的描述，宋诗雯不仅极富文才，而且貌若天仙，魔鬼身材。我们都很好奇王曼是如何窥测出高中女生那深藏于宽松校服之下的身材。王曼不屑与我们置辩，说不仅如此，宋诗雯的脾气也好，和他讨论题目时的语气格外温柔。
宋诗雯的故事被王曼讲了两年，直到他有了女朋友为止。那段恋情持续了一年半的时间，由于是异国恋，王曼的日子过得甜蜜而辛苦，每天晚上给女友打电话时柔情似水的声音经常把我们弄得汗毛倒竖。
如果一切按照计划进行，王曼将在大学毕业后赴美留学，与女友团聚。然而在他收到第一份录取通知后不久，美国一座城市的马拉松比赛发生爆炸案，王曼女友是仅有的几个遇难者之一。
这是一件令人悲恸的事。但也再次印证了我的判断，被王曼喜欢的女生绝对命途多舛。
毕业后，我和大学同班的一个女生进了同一家公司，接触久了难免擦出火花。我对于这段尚未开始的关系做的第一件事，就是打电话给王曼，逼他发誓说实话，以前有没有喜欢过这个女生。
再见到王曼，是毕业整整一年后。他从美国回来，约我吃饭。那时我已经和那个同班的女生在一起了，王曼很开心，说正好一起聚聚，他也是带着现在的女友一起回国的。
王曼选了一个重庆火锅店，跟我讲是他女友喜欢，在美国就一直念念不忘鸳鸯锅。这对神仙眷侣到得比我们早一点儿，还没进门，透过饭店的落地窗，我看到王曼身旁坐着一个颇有气质的女生。
“希望这姑娘命硬。”我心想。
见面时，王曼很激动，隔着火锅给我一个热气逼人的拥抱，然后拉着女朋友的手介绍说：“这是我女朋友，宋诗雯，也是我高中同学。”
“我操！”我脱口而出。
两个女生惊讶地看着我，王曼赶紧冲我挤眉弄眼，我急中生智，摸着头说有个同名同姓的高中同学，这才圆了场。
饭后，我和王曼各自送女友回去休息，然后又找了个酒吧叙旧。我对王曼很不满，没有他这样突然袭击吓唬人的。然而王曼却解释说，只是想给我一个惊喜。
“你泡上了多年梦寐以求的姑娘，我有什么惊喜的？”
“我觉得这么一件梦想照进现实的事情，很有正能量。”王曼捏着酒杯，小口抿酒的样子娘炮极了，也不知在美国待一年怎么就成了这副熊样。“其实宋诗雯这些年过得很不容易，我希望能给她带来幸福。”王曼表情忽然认真起来。
我面露虔诚，心里却深表怀疑。
记忆和现实经常是脱节的。王曼对宋诗雯的回忆还停留在那个办公室里貌似专心写作业的女孩，然而五年后，再见宋诗雯，却是在一所美国中部名校的万圣节派对上。她打扮成了女超人，胸前的S被撑得有些变形。
“有必要这样炫耀吗？”我忍不住吐槽道，“讲你的故事吧。”
让王曼惊喜的是，宋诗雯也认出了他。其实高中时代他们谈不上好友，但他乡遇故知的喜悦瞬间放大了他们的交情，宋诗雯拉着他说了一晚上的话，别人举着酒杯想加入，最终只能悻悻地走掉。
宋诗雯说她大二时转学到美国，之后就再也没有回过家，对鸳鸯火锅的想念已经到了无以复加的程度。她和王曼聊得颇为投机，彼此的专业，这座中部城市的生活，似乎都是很值得聊的话题。但她绝口不提高中的那场风波。这倒不意外，王曼一开始就注意到她纤细的手指上并没有戒指。
他们很快熟络起来。宋诗雯以前在加州上学，对这里颇感陌生。两个异乡人越走越近，于是那个没人愿碰却又很难绕开的话题终于浮出海面。
宋诗雯跟王曼讲述私奔故事的那天，城市的夜空中升起了无数巨大的热气球。耀眼的灯光和鲜艳的热气球把星辰满布的天空妆点成别样的白昼，孩子们骑上爸爸的脖颈，漫游在停放着五颜六色热气球的草坪上。这片偌大的草地上满是欢快
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were cognitively normal or had mild cognitive impairment could be used to predict later development of Alzheimer's dementia.
“The considerable time and resources required for screening research participants with PET scans and spinal taps slow the pace of enrollment for Alzheimer’s disease treatment studies,” says NIA Director Dr. Richard J. Hodes. “The development of a blood test would enable us to rapidly screen a much larger and more diverse group of volunteers who wish to enroll in studies.”
- Sleep Deprivation Increases Alzheimer’s Protein
- Mediterranean Diet May Slow Development of Alzheimer’s Disease
- Alzheimer’s Protein May Have Natural Antibiotic Role
- Study Points to Possible Blood Test For Memory Decline, Alzheimer’s
- Dealing with Dementia: When Thinking and Behavior Decline
- Alzheimer's Disease & Related Dementias
- Alzheimer's Disease Information Page
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Centers
References: Diagnostic value of plasma phosphorylated tau181 in Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Thijssen EH, La Joie R, Wolf A, Strom A, Wang P, Iaccarino L, Bourakova V, Cobigo Y, Heuer H, Spina S, VandeVrede L, Chai X, Proctor NK, Airey DC, Shcherbinin S, Duggan Evans C, Sims JR, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Karydas AM, Teunissen CE, Kramer JH, Grinberg LT, Seeley WW, Rosen H, Boeve BF, Miller BL, Rabinovici GD, Dage JL, Rojas JC, Boxer AL; Advancing Research and Treatment for Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration (ARTFL) investigators. Nat Med. 2020 Mar 2. doi: 10.1038/s41591-020-0762-2. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 32123386.
Plasma P-tau181 in Alzheimer's disease: relationship to other biomarkers, differential diagnosis, neuropathology and longitudinal progression to Alzheimer's dementia. Janelidze S, Mattsson N, Palmqvist S, Smith R, Beach TG, Serrano GE, Chai X, Proctor NK, Eichenlaub U, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Reiman EM, Stomrud E, Dage JL, Hansson O. Nat Med. 2020 Mar 2. doi: 10.1038/s41591-020-0755-1. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 32123385.
Funding: NIH’s National Institute on Aging (NIA), National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke (NINDS), and National Center for Advancing Translational Science (NCATS); LEFFTDS and ARTFL Consortium; Larry L. Hillblom Foundation; State of California; Michael J. Fox Foundation; Alzheimer’s Association.<|endoftext|>If you dig in to the scientific literature on the role of diet in cancer prevention and treatment, it can be frustrating at times. While lab and animal testing tell us a lot about how certain compounds in plant foods can help us fight cancer, when you look at research using actual living, breathing humans, the results can be all over the map. Why is that?
One reason is that human studies that look at diet and disease use free-living humans.
- Epidemiological studies survey subjects periodically about what they eat using some sort of a dietary assessment tool, and then they watch and wait to see who develops disease and who doesn’t, and determine if there are common dietary patterns between the subjects who stay healthy and the subjects who don’t.
- Randomized control trials tell one group of people (the experimental group) to eat a certain way, and another group (the control group) to just keep on eating their usual diet. Which group a subject is assigned to is random. It also may not be possible to have people stick to their assigned diet for long enough to really get good answers, because disease like cancer can take years or decades to develop.
It isn’t possible to get a 100 percent accurate picture with either type of study. People may not remember exactly what they ate. They may fudge a bit so it looks like they eat better than they really do. The experimental subjects may not adhere to their plan. The control subjects may improve their diets (even though they were told not to) because they are aware they are being studied.
Basically, unless you keep your human subjects locked in a lab and totally control everything they eat (and how much they sleep, exercise, stress out, smoke, drink alcohol, etc.), there is an element of chance in even the most carefully designed study.
A second reason is our genes. While our genetic predisposition to cancer or other diseases isn’t necessarily our destiny (that’s where diet and lifestyle can tip the scales), it does play a role. (That’s epigenetics for you.) People who have no genetic predisposition to cancer and live a healthy lifestyle are going to be less likely to develop cancer than people who do have that predisposition but live a healthy lifestyle.
Also, our genes may affect how much benefit we get from powerhouse foods like broccoli and berries. Our genes contain the codes for building specific proteins, and some of those proteins (enzymes are one example) are responsible for making use of the various elements of the food we eat. That means you may benefit more from broccoli than your neighbor, or vice versa.
A third reason is our gut microbiome. There are certain parts of our food (especially plant foods), that our bodies don’t digest by themselves. That’s the job of the bacteria that live in our intestine. There are certain types of fiber, for example, that don’t benefit us directly. Rather, it’s the byproduct of digestion by our friendly bacteria that is beneficial to health.
The composition of our microbiomes vary depending on many factors, including diet, medication use, stress, and so on. I know of research going on right here in Seattle that is looking at how people metabolize flax seeds. It may turn out that some people benefit from putting flax on their oatmeal and in their smoothies, while others don’t. Wouldn’t it be nice to know which camp you fall into? I don’t know anyone who actually enjoys flax…it’s just kind of neutral.
All of this uncertainty and individual diversity partially explains why we are encouraged to eat a variety of vegetables, fruits, whole grains, beans and other healthy foods. Eating a varied diet ensures that our bodies get the full spectrum of vitamins, minerals, fiber and phytochemicals. While this is important generally, it may also be directly important if it turns out that you personally benefit from broccoli but not berries, and you’d been avoiding broccoli but eating berries every day.
The field of nutrigenomics (how our genes interact with the foods we eat) is very exciting, and still very new. The hope is that continued research will make personalized nutrition more than just a dream, that we will be able to truly eat for our genes if we choose to. Until then, I’m hedging my bets by eating mostly plants, and a wide variety of them.
Bottom photo used with permission by the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.<|endoftext|>آیا تا به حال ارسال عمده پیاز خشک خلالی برای قطر را تجربه کرده اید؟ کشورهای عربی حوزه خلیج فارس همیشه جزو مشتریان محصولات غذایی و کشاورزی ایران بوده اند.
پیاز خشک هم از محصولاتی مصرفی است که در بسیاری از محصولات استفاده می شود و می توان به مدت طولانی تری از آن استفاده کرد. پیاز خشک برای سرخ کردن بسیار استفاده می شود و روغن کمتری هم می برد، بنابراین برای سلامتی قلب بسیار مفید می باشد.<|endoftext|>完成效果如下：
我是用painter7完成這幅畫的，從我喜愛的雜志上找到一張參考圖片。
首先我快速畫出所有的色塊，然后繼續完成背景，因為我喜歡現有的顏色，我只用了Palette Knife。
然后我開始畫身體，同時有一點偏離，因為我停止看頭部的比例。
修正手臂的錯誤和在背面畫上更多的陰影后，我開始畫臉部細節。<|endoftext|>درباره کشور آلمان
به عنوان یک پزشک ، شما باید مهارت های زبان گفتاری و نوشتاری کافی داشته باشید تا بتوانید وظایف خود را انجام دهید. زبانهای رسمی فنلاند؛ فنلاندی و سوئدی است. متقاضیان باید گواهینامه تسلط به زبان خدمات خدمات کشوری یا گواهی ملی مهارت در زبان خود را با درخواست خود ارائه دهند. آزمون مهارت زبان خدمات ملکی باید با سطح رضایت بخش یا بالاتر در تمام زمینه های موضوعی قبولی داشته باشد. برای گواهینامه ملی مهارت زبان ، سطح متوسط (سطح 3-4) یا بالاتر مورد نیاز است. گواهینامه ملی مهارت زبان باید شامل تمام مولفه های مهارت آزمون باشد ، هر کدام در سطح رضایت بخشی (3-4) یا بالاتر گذرانده شده اند. گواهینامه های تحصیل به زبان فنلاندی یا سوئدی ، به عنوان مثال گواهینامه های دوره زبان ، به خودی خود به عنوان اثبات مهارت زبان پذیرفته نمی شوند. کارآموزی برای تشخیص صلاحیت ، کارآموزی در بیمارستان یا مرکز بهداشتی فنلاند است که توسط یک نهاد عمومی با شرح وظایف معادل کارآموزی مورد نیاز دانشجویان پزشکی فنلاند نگهداری می شود. دوره کارآموزی باید حداقل شش ماه طول بکشد ، اما والویرا می تواند طول و محتوای دوره کارآموزی شما را در صورت لزوم مشخص کند. شما باید کارآموزی خود را در طی سه سال بلافاصله قبل از شرکت در آزمون تامپره آغاز کرده و به پایان برسانید. تحقیقات فقط در صورت انجام بخشی از دوره کارآموزی پذیرفته می شوند اگر در یک مرکز مراقبت های پزشکی انجام شوند ، و حتی فقط حداکثر تا دو ماه.<|endoftext|>||This article includes a list of references, related reading or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. (May 2010)|
Sophia Danenberg (born 1972) is an American mountain climber best known as the first African American and the first black woman to climb to the summit of Mount Everest, the world's tallest mountain. She is biracial, with her father black and her mother Japanese.
At 7 a.m. on May 19, 2006, Danenberg reached the top of Mount Everest. Withstanding bad weather during the night that delayed some other climbers in her party, Pa Nuru Sherpa and his brother Mingma Tshiring were the only climbers to witness the event. At the time, Danenberg was suffering from bronchitis, a stuffed nose, frostbite on her cheeks, and a clogged oxygen mask.
- Felshman, Jeffrey. "Up Everest, Quietly: Sophia Danenberg was the first black woman to sit on top of the world and nobody noticed", Chicago Reader, July 13, 2006. WebCitation archive.<|endoftext|>房地产债务危机正在加剧，该国第二大开发商因未能按时偿还债券而加入了寻求债务延期的同行行列。
No Va Land Investment Group本周早些时候表示，将推迟偿还原定于2月12日到期的1万亿越南盾(合4,200万)票据，并要求持有人延期或将本金转换为其房地产产品。开发商说，他们将在两个月内找到偿还债务的办法。
越南越来越多的开发商拖欠债务，No Va Land是其中最新的成员。这表明，在一场反腐运动吓坏了投资者，当局冻结了整个行业的新债券发行后，该行业的现金短缺日益加剧。由于今年有数十亿美元的债券到期，银行业的困境可能会引发美国银行业和更广泛的危机。
标普全球评级(S&P Global Ratings)分析师Xavier Jean表示：“我们认为这只是一个开始，预计会有更多的债务延期、重组和违约。”他说，“我们也在关注传染效应”，这种效应可能会蔓延到建筑行业以外的企业。<|endoftext|>Il palco è dritto davanti a me. Un rombo di legno laminato ricoperto da moquette dozzinale tenuta insieme con una fila di chiodi, regolare come la dentatura di un senzatetto settantenne.
Muddy Waters sta suonando la chitarra e cantando mentre il pubblico si dimena. Nonostante tutto sembri decisamente reale mi rendo conto che quel concerto lo sto sognando, sia perchè il buon Muddy è cadavere da un pezzo, sia perchè mentre la band suona tre minorenni seminude si stanno contendendo il mio cazzo con la bocca.
Muddy Waters.
Strizzo gli occhi e le ninfette spariscono insieme al palco e a tutto il resto.
Il blues rimane.
Cerco di aprire gli occhi ma le palpebre sono incollate e mi servono tre tentativi per riuscire a intravedere il monitor del pc che illumina la stanza.
La sveglia non ha ancora suonato, quindi siamo nel cuore della notte o quantomeno dalle parti dell'alba.
Ma il blues c'è ancora e sento ancora la voce di Muddy Waters, cazzo.
Strizzo ancora gli occhi e riesco a collegare finalmente il suono che sento alla suoneria del cellulare.
Qualche stronzo mi sta chiamando nel cuore della notte.
Allungo il braccio e tasto il pavimento accanto al letto facendoci strisciare le dita sopra. Identifico al tatto un discreto strato di polvere, qualche detrito più corposo che classifico come tabacco caduto per terra, due o tre peli e alla fine sbatto contro il telefono che scivola una decina di centimetri più in là.
Adesso, da sdraiato, è irraggiungibile.
Grugnisco e cerco di mettermi seduto sul bordo del letto mentre quel bastardo non smette di squillare.
Mi stropiccio gli occhi con la destra e allungo il braccio sinistro verso il cellulare con un lamento. Sul display lampeggia una scritta.
"Fabio", il mio capo.
Faccio scivolare lo schermo verso l'alto e rispondo alla chiamata cercando di mascherare il tono di voce da oltretomba.
Fallisco.
- Oddio, stavo dormendo, che cazzo è successo? Perchè mi chiami a quest'ora di notte?
- Notte? Macchè notte, coglione! E' mezzogiorno passato, vuoi deciderti a venire al lavoro o dobbiamo aspettarti ancora per molto?
Da come aveva scandito "coglione" risultava chiaro che non avesse gradito la mia sorpresa, così come era ormai chiaro che la sveglia aveva effettivamente suonato e che io avevo schiacciato il tasto per zittirla del tutto invece del canonico snooze.
- Cazzo... Cazzo! Non ha suonato la sveglia, non so cosa sia successo, sto arrivando!
Clic.
Il tono al telefono era quello del "ti spacco il culo appena entri in agenzia", quindi non perdo tempo e scatto verso la porta del bagno mentre calcio le scarpe fuori dalla camera da letto per avvicinarle alla porta e acchiappo al volo i vestiti che ho tolto la sera prima.
La gatta sgrana gli occhi, si stiracchia e senza pensarci un attimo mi corre dietro, infilandosi tra le mie caviglie a metà falcata. Bestemmio preventivamente e inciampo per non farle male, poi sbatto la tempia contro la porta.
Bestemmio di nuovo.
Lavo sommariamente i denti, cerco di dare una forma ai capelli infilandoci una mano in mezzo, ma mi arrendo al secondo tentativo.
Mi lascio scivolare dentro ai vestiti, svuoto una scatoletta nella ciotola di Matilde ed esco. Non ho neanche cambiato i boxer ma non ho in programma di scopare, quindi me ne dimentico in fretta.
L'ascensore è al mio piano, mi ci infilo e approfitto della discesa per darmi un'occhiata allo specchio. La riga del cuscino sembra una di quelle cicatrici che sfoggiano gli immigrati meno raccomandabili. Cerco di farla andare via massaggiandola con le dita ma è troppo profonda. Se ne andrà da sola.
Salto su un autobus mezzo vuoto e scendo dopo due fermate per infilarmi in metropolitana e percorrere il ventre di Milano per qualche chilometro.
Supero il tornello, scivolo su un'altra sequela di gradini fino ad arrivare alla banchina. Il prossimo treno arriverà tra due minuti.
Osservo i cartelloni pubblicitari fingendo interesse, poi passo a studiare la mappa dei trasporti pubblici finchè il vagone non arriva, fracassandomi le orecchie, e vomita un fiotto di fighetti vestiti da cazzoni, cazzoni vestiti da fighetti, giapponesi e modelle simil anoressiche che vanno a spargersi sulla banchina della stazione. Sembra il conato indifferente di un gatto che si libera lo stomaco dai peli.
Mentre cerco di consolarmi pensando che il treno provi la mia stessa indignazione davanti a quel cabaret di maschere, tiro il fiato e mi incastro in mezzo al groviglio di arti sudati che lotta per non farsi espellere prima del tempo, con il gomito di un manager conficcato nel plesso solare e il non-so-cosa di non-so-chi che cerca di scardinarmi una vertebra dalla schiena.
Mi spengo. Il sonno non è ancora svanito del tutto, il che mi conferisce un certo grado di insensibilità al dolore, e in quella posizione sono abbastanza compresso da risultare stabile, almeno finchè il manager o il non-so-chi non decideranno di di scendere o di spostarsi in cerca di ossigeno.
Conto le fermate e alla quarta apertura delle porte ricambio il favore al manager e al ladro di vertebre, piazzando una spallata nella schiena dell'uno e un tallone nello stinco dell'altro mentre scendo.
- Ma che modi sono, faccia attenzione!
Fottiti.
Calpesto il linoleum nero mentre mi lascio spingere verso l'uscita da un plotone rumoreggiante di turisti in birkenstocks e calzini bianchi.
Li osservo mentre trotterellano e mi passano oltre.
Indossano la divisa d'ordinanza delle vittime dei borseggiatori.
Strascico i piedi verso la scala mobile chiedendomi quale possa essere
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(for example, choosing olive oil instead of butter for baking and pan frying) may help lower your risk of heart disease by improving blood lipids related to cardiovascular disease.
Studies have also shown that olive oil may have a protective role against breast, colon, lung, ovarian and skin cancer development.
Compounds specific to olive oil, known as phenolics, are antioxidants that may be able to reduce oxidative damage to DNA.<|endoftext|>🦉 Expert
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一个有效的计划应该包括以下几个方面： 1. 明确目标：定义清楚想要实现什么，尽量使目标具体、可衡量和可以完成的。 2. 制定时间表：根据目标制定一个合理的时间表，安排适当的时间来完成任务。 3. 分解任务：将大任务分解为小任务，并为每个小任务设置截止日期。这样可以更容易地管理任务，避免过多压力。 4. 设置优先级：确定任务的优先级，根据其重要性和紧急程度进行排序。 5. 分配资源：考虑需要哪些资源来完成任务，例如知识、技能、财务和人力资源等。 6. 跟踪进展：跟踪任务的进度，了解是否达到了目标，如果有必要，及时调整计划。 7. 应对风险：评估可能出现的风险，寻找解决方案，以避免计划的失败。 8. 学习反思：在完成任务后，回顾整个计划的执行情况，挖掘出取得的成就和不足，从而为今后的计划做好准备。
注意力难以集中可能是由于多种因素引起的，以下是一些可能有用的建议： 1. 创造一个没有干扰和噪音的学习环境。这可以帮助你更好地专注于任务。 2. 分配时间表：确保为不同的任务分配一定的时间，并设定时间限制。这将有助于提高效率并避免拖延症。 3. 运动：进行适度的运动可以增加注意力和精力，并促进大脑的血液循环。 4. 尝试冥想：冥想可以帮助减轻压力并增强集中力。 5. 控制手机使用：手机和社交媒体等数字媒体通常会分散我们的注意力，因此要控制使用它们的时间。 6. 给自己定下具体目标：为自己设定明确、具体的目标，并制定相关计划，以帮助集中注意力。 7. 休息：尝试每隔一段时间就休息一下，放松身心，让自己重新集中注意力。<|endoftext|>به نقل از گمرک ایران، سیدروح الله لطیفی، سخنگوی گمرک گفت: کامیون های افغان و ایرانی در منطقه تایباد به پارکینگ های مشخص، هدایت شدند و گمرک ایران، آمادگی دارد تا شرایط انتقال کالاهای صادراتی و ترانزیتی از مرزهای دیگر به افغانستان را فراهم کند.
وی اظهار داشت : در جلسه امروز مدیریت بحران شهرستان تایباد، وضعیت کامیون های متوقف در مرز بررسی شد و با همکاری و مدیریت انجام شده در این شهرستان، کلیه کامیون ها از مسیر جاده به پارکینگ های در نظر گرفته شده، هدایت شدند.
لطیفی افزود: برای کاهش توقف کامیون ها، گمرک اعلام آمادگی کرده است تا در خصوص محموله های صادراتی با اولویت مواد فاسد شدنی و سوخت در صورت تقاضای صاحب کالا در سامانه جامع گمرکی، با هماهنگی گمرکات مبداء اظهارنامه ها ابطال یا به سایر مرزها تغییر مسیر داده شود.
لطیفی در خصوص کالاهای ترانزیتی گفت: درخصوص محمولههای ترانزیتی نیز پیشنهاد شد در صورت تقاضای صاحبین کالا، محمولههای ترانزیتی به گمرکات میلک در سیستان و بلوچستان و ماهیرود در خراسان جنوبی که هم مرز با افغانستان هستند، مجدد ترانزیت شود.
وی در خصوص کالاهای برگشتی از افغانستان و کالاهای فاسد شدنی، تصریح کرد: در صورت اعلام آمادگی گمرک افغانستان ، محمولات برگشتی از افغانستان (کامیون هایی که به علت حریق از گمرک اسلام قلعه افغانستان به سمت ایران آمده اند) و سایر محمولات با اولویت مواد فاسد شدنی و سوخت، می تواند بخشی از اقدامات گمرکی آنها در ایران صورت گیرد و در گمرکات دیگر افغانستان تشریفات گمرکی طرف مقابل انجام شود.
لطیفی اظهار داشت: در این خصوص لازم است اعلام آمادگی لازم از طریق وزارت امور خارجه به کابل اعلام شود و هماهنگی های لازم در این خصوص بعمل آید.
لطیفی در خصوص رویه مسافری در گمرک دوغارون اظهار داشت: از روز گذشته خروج مسافر از کشور از مرز دوغارون مجددا از سر گرفته شده است.
سخنگوی گمرک در پایان در خصوص خسارات جانی و مالی در گمرک اسلام قلعه افغانستان گفت: این حادثه بسیار مهیب با حجم بالای آتش بود؛ ولی از آنجا که در خاک کشور افغانستان به وقوع پیوسته، از لحاظ حقوق بین الملل صلاحیت اظهار نظر در خصوص خسارات جانی و مالی حادثه با «کابل» و مقامات رسمی افغانستان است.
وی در پایان افزود: هرگونه اظهار نظر در خصوص این حادثه، در شرایط فعلی، مبتنی بر حدس و گمان و غیر رسمی است.
مهر<|endoftext|>The roughly 2-3 inches of rain from the remnants of Hurricane Rosa, along with other October rains, has changed the state’s drought picture noticeably, state officials announced today.
As of Oct. 9, 24 percent of the state is in extreme or exceptional drought conditions—the worst of five stages [see graphic below]. Three months ago, 73.6 percent of the state was in that state. “Significant improvements in drought conditions were recorded in Yuma, Yavapai, Coconino, western Maricopa, southern Navajo, and northern Gila counties,” said the Arizona Department of Water Resources.
Despite the short-term improvement, Arizona and much of the Southwest remains in the midst of a relative dry period—a drought—that’s lasted nearly two decades.<|endoftext|>Prurito e naso che cola, lacrimazione, starnuti: non è detto che sia raffreddore… Se il tuo bambino sta vivendo in questi giorni con i sintomi descritti, potrebbe avere un'allergia ai pollini.
Durante certe stagioni, le piante producono innocue particelle minuscole chiamate polline che fertilizzano altre piante. Quando il polline viene rilasciato, viene trasportato dal vento attraverso l'aria, spesso finendo nei nostri occhi e nel naso. Quando ciò accade, il corpo può a volte scambiare il polline per qualcosa di dannoso, rilasciando anticorpi e istamina per combattere il polline e che può causare una reazione allergica.
Il primo campanello di allarme si ha quando si porta il bambino a fare una passeggiata all’aperto e si nota il naso che cola o chiuso, prurito agli occhi e problemi di respirazione. Ma le allergie ai pollini sono in realtà molto rare nei bambini, e non si osservano generalmente fino a quando i bambini non hanno 2 o 3 anni. Questo perché ancora non sono stati esposti ai pollini abbastanza da sviluppare una reazione.
Le allergie ai pollini di solito si verificano durante determinate stagioni, a seconda delle piante che si incontrano e che rilasciano il polline e possono variare in base alle zone geografiche. Il polline di solito viene rilasciato in primavera e in estate, ma per alcune piante il periodo è anche l’autunno (polline di ambrosia).
Segni e sintomi di allergie ai pollini
Prurito, occhi che lacrimano, starnuti, naso che cola e quindi la congestione nasale sono i sintomi più comuni della allergia ai pollini. In generale, questi sintomi durano alcuni mesi, a differenza dei sintomi delle infezioni delle vie respiratorie superiori causate da virus che di solito durano poche settimane. Altri sintomi dell’allergia ai pollini includono anche occhi gonfi e tosse.
Test per le allergie ai pollini
È insolito che un bambino venga sottoposto a test per le allergie ai pollini, ma un allergologo può aiutare a decidere se è necessario un esame del sangue o un test cutaneo.
Un'analisi del sangue comporta il prelievo di sangue e la misurazione dei livelli di anticorpi verso determinati allergeni.
Un test cutaneo tramite puntura si effettua tramite un ago o una sonda rivestita con una goccia di soluzione contenente un determinato allergene. L'ago (o diversi aghi rivestiti con diversi allergeni) viene quindi utilizzato per pungere delicatamente il braccio di un bambino in modo che la sostanza possa entrare sotto la superficie della pelle. L'allergologo attenderà quindi di osservare se c'è una reazione all'allergene.
Come prevenire e curare le allergie ai pollini
Se tramite i test diagnostici si scopre che il bambino ha delle allergie, il medico potrebbe prescrivere farmaci o suggerire un piano di trattamento.
Si posso anche utilizzare certe cautele e adottare determinati comportamenti in modo da evitare che il bambino entri in contatto con il polline:
- Evitare di andare all'aperto nei periodi di picco pollinico, solitamente a metà giornata. È preferibile stare all'aperto al mattino presto o in tarda sera e non uscire all'aperto durante le giornate ventose.
- Se si ha la necessità di uscire con il bambino anche durante le ore di picco, assicurarsi di lavarsi le proprie mani e le mani del bambino dopo che sei tornati in casa per rimuovere qualsiasi polline. Si può anche fare il bagno al bambino per lavare via ogni tracci di polline nei capelli.
- Tenere i finestrini chiusi quando si è in macchina e utilizzare il condizionatore d'aria. Anche in casa, tenere le finestre chiuse nei momenti di picco e se possibile utilizzare il condizionatore, che può aiutare a “pulire” l’aria dai pollini.
- Limitare la polvere e il pelo degli animali domestici presenti in casa, lavando lenzuola e asciugamani in acqua calda ed evitando di asciugare la biancheria all’esterno, poiché il polline può attaccarsi ad essa.
- Aspirare pavimenti e tappeti almeno una volta alla settimana e utilizzare un aspirapolvere con filtro HEPA, che rimuove alcuni allergeni.
- Utilizzare quando serve soluzioni fisiologiche per lavaggi nasali, sopratutto ai primi starnuti. Aiuteranno a soffiare il naso più efficacemente e mantenerlo pulito.
Questi semplici cambiamenti alla tua routine possono aiutare te e il tuo bambino a goderti l'aria aperta in tutte le stagioni.<|endoftext|>Frazer Meacham and Tom Getty Tackle the Big Questions in Life: Sexual Selection & Parental Investment
- Research News
For many creatures, the big questions in life include who to mate with and how much to invest in the offspring. Sexual selection theory addresses the first question. Parental investment theory addresses the second.
Historically, these questions have been analyzed as separate problems, or with drastic simplifications to make them analytically tractable. Because mating decisions should depend on the potential partner’s parental investment decisions, and vice versa, these two big questions are really one complex co-evolutionary game between males and females.
With support from the BEACON STC for the Study of Evolution in Action, Frazer Meacham, a graduate student at the University of Washington, and Tom Getty, Integrative Biology Department Chair and Professor at Michigan State University, used an evolutionary replicator-dynamic modeling approach to find co-evolutionary solutions to this game.
The study, which appears this June in the Journal of Theoretical Biology (422 (2017) 50–58), finds that for a broad range of conditions, discretionary male parental investment reduces female choosiness. A simple verbal interpretation is this: Different males can contribute “better-or-worse genes” and “more-or-less direct help” to a female’s offspring. When males can decide how helpful to be after mating occurs, a common co-evolutionary solution to the game is for males who contribute “worse” genes to contribute more direct help. This reduces the variation in the total contribution across males, and that, in turn, reduces selection on female choosiness.
Discretionary male parental investment can make females less choosy. The co-evolutionary dynamic models stabilize at what are called mixed strategies, where the fractions of males that are helpful and females that are choosy vary with mate search costs and the costs and benefits of paternal investments.
Tom felt compelled to share a relevant personal story. “When my wife and I became engaged, one of my wife’s cousins in Sweden wrote that he hoped I wasn’t too handsome. She assured him not to worry. I have been a relatively helpful partner for the 45 years since then. Apparently, the cousin anticipated our theoretical analysis."<|endoftext|>سامانه موشکی پیکان 3 برای رهگیری موشک های بالستیک خارج از جو زمین طراحی شده است. این سامانه لایه بالایی آرایه دفاع موشکی اسرائیل است که از گنبد آهنین امتداد دارد که راکت های کوتاه برد را رهگیری می کند تا موشک های دوربرد پیکان 3 که هر کلاهک غیر متعارف را در ارتفاع ایمن هدف قرار دهد.
برلین قصد دارد در پایان سال قراردادی بین دولت با اسرائیل در مورد خرید سامانه ارو-3 منعقد کند. در صورت شکست این توافق، آلمان بخشی یا تمام پیش پرداخت های خود را از دست خواهد داد، زیرا این پول برای جبران هزینه های اسرائیل استفاده می شود.
نیروی هوایی آلمان قرار است تا سه ماهه چهارم سال 2025 هواپیمای پیکان 3 را تحویل بگیرد که هزینه آن حدود یک میلیارد یورو بیشتر از برنامه ریزی اولیه خواهد بود.
جنگ روسیه در اوکراین کمبود سیستم های پدافند هوایی زمینی مانند واحدهای پاتریوت ریتون در بسیاری از کشورهای غربی را آشکار کرده است.<|endoftext|>Gökkuşağı nasıl oluşur Gökkuşağının oluşumu meteorolojik bir olaydır. Gökkuşağı güneş ışınlarının yağmur damlaları ve sis bulutları tarafından kırılması, yansıtılması ve dağıtılması sonucu oluşur. Büyük damlalardan oluşan kuşaklar daha belirgin ve net gökkuşakları oluştururken küçük yağmur damlaları belirginliği daha az ve geniş bir gökkuşağı oluşturur. Gökkuşağında kırmızı, turuncu, sarı, yeşil, mavi, lacivert ve mor olmak üzere 7 renk bulunmaktadır.<|endoftext|>Bemolle, segno musicale che abbassa di un semitono il valore della nota. Caratterizza soprattutto la tonalità minore della modalità musicale, propria dei brani funebri suonati dalle bande musicali paesane in tono lamentoso e a ritmo lento.
Così, nella fantasia popolare, il bemolle diventa il simbolo del dolore e, soprattutto, della lentezza e di chi non ama la vivacità e la sveltezza e se la prende comoda nel procedere e nell’agire.
Michelangelo Pucci<|endoftext|>Explore your problem by imagining solutions in your mind's eye. That exercise can make the difference between solving the problem or walking away in defeat! It is commonly understood that artists create by holding images in their minds eye. But the mind holds more than visual images. Did you know that musicians can hold the sounds of melodies and musical compositions in their minds? Dancers practice the muscle movements in their heads to develop kinesthetic skills. Athletes have been known to improve in their sport just by reviewing and feeling their movements in their mind. Whole books have been written on holding the taste of madeleines (Proust in Remembrance of things Past) or chocolate in Laura Esquivel's book, Like water for chocolate!
I can recall my Sicilian grandmother making the steamy fragrant honey lemon tea when I was ill with measles, the fragrance of her hand nurtured gardenias, her plain and simple S cookies wafting their fragrance from the oven. It has been noted that the sense of smell is very effective at triggering memories.
I have drawn on these memories, triggered by fragrances, to make a series of paintings drawings. This mind imaging in ALL senses improves as you use it, similar to exercising muscles. It just takes practice.
If you want to accomplish or change something, just imagine it, with one or more of your senses. You will be amazed!
Start with small things. Imagine what you will do when you get home from work. Imagine taking a walk past the fragrant lilac bush on the next street.Feel the sea breeze softly sweep your hair back from your face. Engage in the energy that surges through you as you walk briskly through the neighborhood. Suddenly, you are ready for your walk!
Choose to hold things in your mind's eye every day. That tiny action will transform your life image by image.
Oh yes, and let me know what happens!
An amazing and true art/ business connection! In a blog from U.S. News, On Careers, Miriam Salpeter discusses the importance of observation skills, referencing my post on increasing your observation skills in 6 steps. I love how she so clearly explains the connection betweens between eye, hand and mind as enhancing practical life skills in the marketplace.<|endoftext|>در مراسمی که در واشنگتن برگزار شد، از زنی سودانی، که چندی پیش با یک آمریکائی مسیحی، ازدواج کرده بود، تجلیل به عمل آمد. در این مراسم، همسر کشیش عابدینی نیز که از دو سال پیش در زندان اوین زندانی ست، حضور داشت. اين زن سودانی در مورد سختی هایی که بر او رفته است سخن گفت.<|endoftext|>当我们进入行动,我们发现,这些数字对我们通常是100%大于预期,导致目标混乱的自动武器和导致亏损高于预期。敌人损失更高,这一次一个球体已经达到它的目标,破坏是肯定的,但是没有了平衡对我们有利,我们所希望的。此外,在主舰队已经订婚了,敌人已经推出了一个大胆的攻击轻轻Eriston系统举行,Duranus,CarmanidoraPharanidon-recapturing他们所有人。我们只面对威胁距离我们家50光年的行星。但是
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or humorous in the sense of how ridiculous a persons snoring can be, but let see how funny you think it would be if you were in that position.
If you have never had to sleep with a person who snores, consider this a blessing in your life; now let us compare the often bombastic nature of a persons snore.
The following examples should give you an idea of what so many people must endure when trying to get a good nights rest; each of these items registers at least the number of decibels as the average person who snores:
• A gas powered lawn mower in use
• A shop vacuum in use
• A motorcycle in use
• A low flying airliner
• A chainsaw in use
• All of your kitchen appliances running at the same time
Snoring is a Constant Issue
The point to remember about these examples is that you are subject to them for the entire time you are trying to get rest; deep, uninterrupted, quality sleep.
This is not blowing things out of proportion, talk to anyone has slept with someone who snores what it is like and you will get an earful, so be prepared to listen.
Snoring is not like the hiccups, it does not go away as suddenly as it appeared, snoring will be a persistent issue until something is done about it, or the snorer dies in their sleep.
Why Are You Reading This?
If you are reading this chances are either you, the person you spend your nights with or someone you care about snores and it is driving one of you, if not both of you absolutely crazy.
Losing sleep is hugely detrimental. And it can make you feel a little crazy when you are faced with a wall of noise that stands between you and the sleep you so need and deserve, every night.
You are reading this because you are looking for a solution. You don’t want to keep snoring, or you definitely want your sleeping partner to stop snoring. Don’t get the impression that this is a brochure for snore resolving surgery, it is not.
This report provides some very simple answers and solutions that can make all the difference in the world; these solutions have not only eradicated snoring, but are actually life savers.
These non surgical solutions can get back the sleep you need as someone who snores, or as a person who sleeps with someone who snores; either way the will be more sound sleep to go around.
Before proceeding, we need to take the time to understand snoring at its most basic level; the physical components involved in the process. Once we understand how snoring works we can delve deeper into looking at it’s problematic nature.
At this point we will study the harmful process of snoring, the negative effects it has and what it represents in the human body. Once we understand what snoring is and what it can mean, we can then proceed into how to remedy the snoring dilemma.
When it comes to solutions to biological processes, understanding the surgical procedures first; in order to understand how and why this option to snore resolution is a risky decision and in many cases does not help at all.
By the end of all this reading, you perception of snoring will be drastically changed; snoring will not be funny or acceptable for you or anyone you care about.
Snoring is understood to be any kind of resonant sound that emanates from breathing while sleeping.
The crux of the snore is where the mouth and nasal passages meet; this is the point where breathing during sleep causes vibration; otherwise known as snoring.
This vibration is due to constricted breathing passages. As tight breathing passages are responsible for snoring, it should also be understood that the more pinched these passages are, the louder and more disruptive the snoring will be.
The reason snoring only occurs while slumbering is because the body is in a prone position in a relaxed state. The airway consists of tissues that operate in a similar method to muscles.
When a person sleeps, these tissues become somewhat flaccid; so when lying down this tissue literally blocks the breathing passage causing the sleeper to breath with difficulty, resulting in more forceful breathing which then equates to snoring.
What Factors into How Loud a Person Snores?
Every person is unique in their composition and physical make up. This affects why some people snore at a very loud volume.
Included as part of snoring the tone and pitch; basically we all have the same parts yet we all have our own uniquely identifiable voice, this is true for snoring as well.
How loud an individual may snore depends on the various factors involved in the process. Because there is basically a flap of tissue closing off the airway we need to breathe, breathing becomes more labored and aggressive to supply our lungs, body and brain with oxygen; snoring is an audible sign that the body is fighting for air.
This is an issue that can affect just about anyone, even babies. The smaller the passages involved with breathing are during sleep, the more forceful the body will become in an effort to get the air it needs, thusly the tissue blocking the airway will vibrate in proportion to the force needed to get the vital oxygen our body is being deprived of. This is how a snore becomes so loud.
Men Snore the Most
Generally speaking, men do most of the snoring that goes on in the world. This has to do again, with the physical composition of the male body; in this case, the neck, which is typically thicker.
Because the male neck is more often fleshier in nature, there is more tissue substance found within. Obviously, the more tissue there is in the neck and surrounding the breathing passages, the greater the likelihood of bombastic snoring.
Women have a natural defense to snoring in the form of Progesterone. Granted, there are woman who snore just a loud and violently as men, and even more so in some cases, but it is simply not as common as it is with males. Progesterone is used as a form of therapy for men who suffer from snoring.
Snoring: Causes and Amplifiers
As we have already discussed, snoring is a symptom of something else. This symptom manifests in the form of a sound that comes from the inability to breathe easily during sleep.
So what causes this trouble? The tissues involved with breathing are not the sole culprit for this bothersome problem. These factors are not gender specific; these are issues that affect men and women, although there are roughly twice as many male snorers as there are females who snore.
Snoring factors have to do with our health and our lifestyle; these factors come in many combinations and include the following:
• Allergies commonly affect breathing
• Allergy medicines dehydrate the normally moist sinus passages
• Illness such as a cold or influenza also cause labored breathing
• Tissue scarring from surgery on the nasal passage
• General thickness of tissues found within the sinuses
• Nasal spray abuse agitates the sinuses and airway
• Snorting controlled substances
• Oversized tonsils and/or adenoids
• Goiter, a swollen thyroid gland
• Oversized tongue
• Obesity results in thickness of the neck and soft tissues
• Oversized stomach
• Consumption of alcohol
Some of these issues affect men more than women, like excessive girth of the stomach region.
This is believed to part of the reason men in general experience more issue with snoring than women.
Also, controlled substances; prescribed, available over the counter, or illegal are associated with side effects that lead to snoring such as drying the sinuses and relaxing the tissues at the back of the throat and air passages.
We have looked over that snoring is and broken down the physical process. We have also gone over the many issues that can affect and cause snoring, so we must now look deeper in to the issue to discover the truly deleterious effect snoring can have on a person’s wellbeing.
What is so Bad About Snoring?
The whole concept of snoring is somewhat subversive; this is where the largest danger with snoring lies, how innocuous it is perceived by the majority of people.
Snoring as word seems harmless enough, and this is a problem. The connotation of the word does not convey the true meaning of the action; when a person snores, their body is in a state where it is being deprived of oxygen and must therefore breathe much harder to force open the airway. Simply put snoring is a cry for help in the dark that says “I am not breathing!”
Because of this common perception of snoring, people become incredulous at the idea that snoring is a serious problem gives rise to health risks and emotional issues.
This portion of the report addresses the severity of snoring and the many issues associated with it. Most people are ignorant to the fact that snoring, although common, is not normal, healthy or acceptable.
The Physical Aspects of Snoring
What needs to happen for people to understand what snoring truly represents is a change of perception; a dynamic shift of what snoring means.
The gravity of the dangers of snoring cannot be stressed enough. What follows is an abridged list of physical health issues that are related to snoring.
• Sleep apnea
• Heart Disease
• Night sweats
• Swollen limbs
• Weakened immune system
• Loss of hearing
Remember, this is only an abridged list; there are many more physical issues that are part of snoring. These issues are not exclusive to adults, and neither is snoring.
Snoring is encompasses all ages and genders making anyone susceptible to the many dangerous effects snoring can have. Let’s take a closer look at one of the more serious issues related to snoring.
Sleep Apnea in Depth
Sleep Apnea is a silent killer that strikes in the dark when a person is at their most vulnerable; when a person is asleep.
This alone should be enough to make anyone who snores, or even cares about a person who snores to seek out some resolution; find some way to provide relief when sleeping so as not to stop breathing altogether.
The term apnea is taken from the ancient Greek use of the word meaning: absence of breathing. Sleep Apnea is merely a precursor to asphyxiation.
The correlation between snoring and Sleep Apnea is direct: really snoring is just another word for Sleep Apnea. If snoring is caused by tissue blocking the air passage; this is an absence of breath.
The sound associated with snoring if the vibration of the obstructive tissue is being vibrated by the body sensing this blockage and breathing with a sense of urgency.
Sleep Apnea is when breathing stops; snoring is when the body forces itself to breath hard enough to open the blockage.
The correlation is simple. Sleep Apnea does not have to be fatal to have a negative effect on a person’s health.
Breathing provides the body with oxygen, it goes into the lungs and then into the bloodstream from where the oxygen it taken to all parts of the body. Sleep Apnea translates to not breathing; if we are not breathing, our body is starved of the oxygen it needs to survive and operate to its full capacity.
A lack of oxygen causes an imbalance in the blood stream leading to an excess of carbon dioxide. Too much Carbon dioxide in the body creates a toxic state that can result in brain damage, heart disease or a stroke.
The Emotional Aspects of Snoring
Snoring does not affect the person who is actually snoring alone. Anyone close to a person who snores with any degree of severity understands this fact.
How snoring affects the people around a person who snores is just as serious as the health risks involved. A person, who snores loudly; meaning as loud a running motorcycle or some other internal combustion device, can keep their partner from sleeping.
A loud snorer can disrupt the whole house through the course of the night, every night. This should begin to expose the vast area of problems that can arise due to snoring.
A person who sleeps with someone who snores, or maybe shares the same room, or shares a wall between rooms, even so far as to be in the same building knows that trying to get a full night of deep, restful sleep is an exercise in futility.
There is a lot of frustration involved with situations like these because the person snoring may be unaware of it, or believe there is nothing that can be done for it.
Snoring can come with a costly emotional price tag; the following are few examples of emotional disturbances resulting from snoring:
• Loss of sleep can cause depression or anxiety
• Break up of relationships, including marriages
• Eviction from dwelling for bothering tenants
• Clashing living partners or neighbors due to sleep disruption
• Poor performance at work leading to unemployment due to lack of sleep
• Short term and long term memory issues from lack of sleep
• Lack of compassion from those affected by snoring
These are but a few of the many emotional problems that are part and parcel of snoring.
The effects of snoring are very far reaching and destructive to those subject to them.
Beneath the surface of each of these emotional states are the mental states associated to the person who snores and the person who has to deal with it.
A few of the emotional states caused from snoring follow:
• Low self esteem
It is not hard to see how lack sleep can affect ones demeanor, especially if it the loss of sleep is du to someone else’s snoring. One can quickly lose empathy for a person who snores when they are the on being kept up.
So how can the snoring issue be solved? There are different schools of thought and many approaches to alleviating snoring which will be discussed shortly, but first the surgical approach will be addressed and why it should not be the first choice.
Non-Surgical Solutions to Snoring
Having already gone over the surgical aspects of snoring, the risks and procedures; we now turn our attention to the more common approaches to dealing with snoring.
The non-surgical options for resolution of snoring can be broken down into different types of approaches: medicines, devices and appliances, changes in lifestyle concerning diet and exercise, sleeping habits and alternative forms of therapy for snoring.
Any of these can be implemented with success depending on the root cause of the snoring, and knowing what that root cause is. This may require a combination approach, and will definitely require observation of the effects of these measures on the snoring issue itself in order to estimate how much relief results.
In many cases, prescribed medicines can provide a way out of the snoring nightmare.
Drugs are prescribed to achieve relief from snoring by accomplishing these tasks:
• Unfurl the nasal airway
• Energize breathing
• Counteract deep R.E.M. sleep (Rapid Eye Movement)
R.E.M. sleep is an integral part of sleep. It is the deep state of sleep in which the body recoups vitality and allows the mind to stay sharp and healthy.
The effect of these snore related drugs is to limit the depths to which the body can relax when in this state so as to keep the throat from relaxing too much and keeping the air passage open and free of obstruction thus leading to relief from snoring.
Basically these medicines have the opposite effect of what happens when someone takes a sedative or has too much to drink. These things relax a person more than usual and can exacerbate an existing snoring problem, or cause a person who does not normally snore to do so.
There are over the counter drugs available from pharmacies intended specifically to clear nasal sinuses and air passages. These drugs are meant to treat cold or flu symptoms, but are also useful to snorers for the decongestive and antihistamine properties contained therein.
Saline sprays, because they are sold in pharmacies as well are considered part of the same group. These sprays are not controlled substances, buy merely salt water used to keep sinuses and other tissues surrounding the air passages moist in an effort to reduce or eliminate vibration and thusly snoring.
Devices for Snoring
There are a number of devices out there to help people cope with their snoring. These items start with very basic items and go to the very complex.
Most of these can be acquired at your local drugstore, on the internet and by catalogue. The most popular and effective anti-snore items follow.
The Sandler Pillow™
Named after the inventor of this type of pillow, this device is designed to eliminate snoring by obliging the sleeper to sleep on their side. This often promotes a closed mouth while sleeping and helps to minimize vibration and thereby cancels out any snoring.
The Snore Ball
Since its invention in the early 1900’s this effective device has helped countless people to stop snoring by sleeping on their side. The snore ball is inserted in a pouch located on the back of a set of pajamas.
When the sleeper goes to roll onto their back from sleeping on their side, the device makes this very uncomfortable, so the sleeper will resume the side sleeping position rather than sleeping on their back which is when most people snore.
The snore ball can be any kind of ball that will create enough discomfort to keep one from sleeping on their back. Over time a habit is formed making the ball unnecessary.
Sleep Position Monitor
This electronic device basically accomplishes the same goal in a different manner.
Instead of creating physical discomfort when a person lies on their back, which is when snoring occurs, the sleep position monitor starts to beep when the sleeper lies on their back.
The beeping can be disturbing to others, but the point is that this device helps establish new sleeping behaviors. Anyone who has suffered a person snoring can deal with a little beeping until the problem is resolved.
By learning a better way to sleep, the person will stop snoring and the beeping will not be an issue over time. Eventually the sleep position monitor may not be necessary either.
This is a simple yet highly effective device that has become popular for many people.
The concept is basic, open up the nostrils to make breathing easier. The device consists of a springy plastic strip combined with and adhesive material.
The strip is put on at bedtime and taken off in the morning. The strips are so effective in maximizing breathing through the nose that they are used by many players of different sports.
This is an over the counter remedy that anyone can use because there is absolutely no medicine involved. Even non snorers are using them to get better more restful sleep by breathing easier and recharging their body with more oxygen.
Nasal dilators offer the same relief of opening up the nostrils to ease breathing, but take a slightly different approach than the nasal strips. This kind of device is actually a coil made of steel or plastic placed into the nostrils when going to sleep. The effect is easier breathing, less snoring.
This is another way to combat snoring. A simple spray to the back of the throat keeps the tissues well lubed in order to reduce or eliminate vibration. This is similar to a saline spray, the difference is what the spray consists of which in this case are specialized oils, not just salt water.
Throat sprays are another form of simple, inexpensive, yet effective of combating snoring when used properly. Overuse of throat sprays can irritate the throat and then actually cause snoring. If an over the counter spray is not good enough, a doctor can prescribe a more effective version of the same implement.
The snore stopper is a device that provides a negative association with snoring to make the person sleeping stop snoring. The device can be worn on the arm or the wrist and whenever snoring is detected the device gives the sleeper a small jolt of electricity to get them to stop.
Another version actually causes the tongue muscles to tense which opens the airway making it easier to breathe and hence stop snoring.
Snoring appliances are applied inside the mouth to directly influence or affect the components
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to time. Relapses are seen during emotional upsets, severe muscular exercise, pregnancy, premenstrual period or during generalized infection. Paralysis of muscles of respiration may lead to asphyxia and death.
In long-standing cases there may be atrophy of the involved muscles. Sensory, reflex and sphincteric changes are always absent.
Bedsides, diagnosis is made by asking the patient to look upwards continuously when gradually the upper eyelids will droop down or by asking the patient to count the digits (1-100) gradually when the voice will become husky. Normal individuals can count clearly and distinctly upto 62 digits but here patient will not be able to do it.
Edrophonium Test (Tensilon test): Edrophonium hydrochloride 10 mg IV (2 mg initially and if there is no reaction then remaining 8 mg IV30 seconds later) will give quick relief to motor weakness.
Alternately Inj. Neostigmin 1.5 mg can be given IM which will give similar improvement and will be long lasting This test should be done in the hospital because it may result in bronchoconstriction and syncope. So Inj. Atropin musst e available at hand.
INVESTIGATIONS OF MYASTHENIA GRAVIS AND ALLIED DISORDERS
1. Acetyl choline receptor antibodies may be present in 90% of cases. Antiskeletal muscle antibody indicates thymoma.
2. Stimulation of the motor nerve will result in a characteristic dimension of evoked action potential. Gradually decrease in muscle response to repetitive 2 or 3 Hz stimulation of motor nerves indicates a neuromuscular transmission disturbance. This can be seen even in strong muscles. Needle EMG of the affected muscles will show variation in configuration and size of the individual motor unit potential. Single fibre EMG reveals an increased jilter and variability from the same motor unit.
3. Chest X-ray (PA) may show a mediastinal mass which may be due to Thymoma (15%) to be confirmed by Tomography and CT scan. Absence of Thymoma does not rule out the diagnosis.
4. Muscle biopsy may show lymphorrhages.
TREATMENT OF MYASTHENIA GRAVIS AND ALLIED DISORDERS
Avoid fatigue, exercises, infection, aminoglycoside drugs etc.
Prostigmine 15-45 mg orally 4 times daily can be given. In several cases Prostigmine 2.5 mg IM may be required. To minimize the side effects of this drug, Atropine 0.6 mg may be injected 15-20 mins before or Propantheline bromide 15 mg twice may also be given. Long-acting drugs like Pyridostigmine (Mestinon) 30-180 mg may be given; 60 mg of this drug is equivalent to 15 mg of Prostigmine. Very large doses of Prostigmine may lead to “Cholonergic crisis” characterised by sweating, pallor, fasciculation, small pupil and salivation. Should these occur Atropine injection must be given at once. If there is evidence of repiratory distress artificial respiration may be started. Thymectomy may give rise to permanent cure in many cases, particularly in young females where the duration of the disease is not more than six years. 10 % of thymoma cases and 80% of non-thymoma cases will show improvement after operation.
In patients with thymoma X-ray irradiation may be given before operation. Steroids may be given when there is inadequate response with Anticholinestarase. An initial high dose, e.g, Prednisolone 60-100 mg and gradually tapering the dose to a maintenance level can be done. Azathioprine (2-3 mg daily) and plasmapheresis may also be done.<|endoftext|>Essere scelta come fotografo per il Battesimo di Margot per me è stato davvero bello.
Corinna e Stefano li avevo seguiti prima per il loro matrimonio e poi per uno shooting di gravidanza,
per cui poter fotografare anche il battesimo della loro bimba è stato fantastico!
Seguire passo a passo la storia di una famiglia è uno dei motivi per cui sono felice di essere una fotografa!<|endoftext|>Anahtar Kelime Araştırması
Anahtar Kelime Araştırması SEO Başarısının Temel Adımı
Anahtar kelime araştırması, bir web sitesinin SEO (Arama Motoru Optimizasyonu) stratejisinin temel adımlarından biridir. Bu adım, web sitesinin hedeflenen anahtar kelimelerde üst sıralarda yer almasını sağlayarak organik trafik getirmeyi hedefler. Bu makalede, anahtar kelime araştırmasının ne olduğunu, neden önemli olduğunu ve nasıl yapıldığını detaylı bir şekilde inceleyeceğiz.
Anahtar Kelime Araştırması Nedir?
Anahtar kelime araştırması, bir web sitesinin hedef kitlesinin arama motorlarında kullandığı anahtar kelimeleri belirlemek için yapılan bir süreçtir. Bu süreçte, hedeflenen nişin belirlenmesi ve ilgili anahtar kelimelerin listelenmesiyle başlanır. Daha sonra, anahtar kelime araştırma araçları kullanılarak arama hacmi ve rekabet analizi yapılır. Bu analizler sonucunda, hedef kitleye uygun, rekabetçi ve potansiyel olarak trafik getirebilecek anahtar kelimeler seçilir.
Neden Önemlidir?
Anahtar kelime araştırması, bir web sitesinin başarılı bir SEO stratejisi oluşturmasında temel bir rol oynar. İşte anahtar kelime araştırmasının önemli avantajları:
- Web siteleri için trafik getirmek: Doğru anahtar kelimeleri hedefleyerek, arama motorlarında üst sıralarda yer alabilir ve daha fazla organik trafik elde edebilirsiniz.
- Rekabet analizi yapmak: Anahtar kelime araştırması, sektördeki rekabeti analiz etmenizi sağlar. Hangi anahtar kelimelerin daha az rekabetli olduğunu belirleyerek, daha kolay bir şekilde üst sıralara çıkabilirsiniz.
- Hedef kitleyi tanımak: Anahtar kelime araştırması, hedef kitlenizin ihtiyaçlarını ve arama alışkanlıklarını anlamanızı sağlar. Böylece içerik stratejinizi hedef kitlenizin taleplerine uygun şekilde oluşturabilirsiniz.
- İçerik stratejisi oluşturmak: Anahtar kelime araştırması, içerik stratejinizi belirlemenize yardımcı olur. Hangi konuların ve anahtar kelimelerin popüler olduğunu ve potansiyel olarak ilgi çekeceğini belirleyerek, kullanıcıları etkileyen içerikler oluşturabilirsiniz.
- SEO performansını artırmak: Doğru anahtar kelimeleri hedefleyerek, arama motorlarında üst sıralara çıkabilir ve SEO performansınızı artırabilirsiniz. Bu da daha fazla organik trafik ve daha yüksek dönüşüm oranları demektir.
Anahtar Kelime Araştırması Nasıl Yapılır?
Hedeflenen nişin belirlenmesi
İlk adım, web sitenizin hedeflediği nişi belirlemektir. Hangi konuda içerik üreteceğinizi ve hangi hedef kitleye hitap edeceğinizi belirlemek önemlidir. Bu, anahtar kelime araştırmasında daha spesifik ve etkili sonuçlar elde etmenizi sağlar.
İlgili anahtar kelimelerin listelenmesi
Nişi belirledikten sonra, ilgili anahtar kelimeleri liste halinde yazın. Bunlar, hedef kitlenizin arama motorlarında kullanabileceği potansiyel anahtar kelimelerdir. İlgili konular, ürünler, hizmetler veya hedeflenen nişle ilgili terimleri düşünebilirsiniz.
Anahtar kelime araştırma araçları kullanımı
Anahtar kelime araştırma araçları, size anahtar kelimelerle ilgili önemli veriler sağlar. Bu araçlar, arama hacmi, rekabet düzeyi, benzer anahtar kelimeler ve uzun kuyruk anahtar kelimeler gibi bilgileri sunar. Ücretsiz veya ücretli araçlardan birini seçerek anahtar kelime araştırmanıza yardımcı olabilirsiniz.
Arama hacmi ve rekabetin analizi
Seçtiğiniz anahtar kelimelerin aylık arama hacmini ve rekabet düzeyini analiz edin. Arama hacmi, belirli bir anahtar kelimenin aylık olarak kaç kez arandığını gösterirken, rekabet düzeyi o anahtar kelime için diğer web sitelerinin ne kadar rekabet ettiğini gösterir. Düşük rekabetli ve yüksek arama hacmine sahip anahtar kelimeleri tercih etmek, daha iyi sonuçlar elde etmenizi sağlar.
Long tail anahtar kelimelerin keşfedilmesi
Long tail anahtar kelimeler, daha uzun ve spesifik arama sorgularını hedefler. Bu tür anahtar kelimeler, daha az rekabetli olabilir ve daha hedeflenmiş bir kitleye ulaşmanıza yardımcı olabilir. Araştırma yaparken long tail anahtar kelimeleri de dikkate alın ve içerik stratejinizi buna göre oluşturun.
Anahtar Kelime Araştırmasında Dikkat Edilmesi Gerekenler
Uzun kuyruk anahtar kelimelerin kullanımı
Uzun kuyruk anahtar kelimeler, daha spesifik ve niş odaklı aramaları hedefler. Daha az rekabetli olabilirler ve daha hedeflenmiş trafik getirebilirler. Anahtar kelime listesinde uzun kuyruk anahtar kelimeleri de kullanarak, daha iyi sonuçlar elde etmek mümkündür.
Hedef kitlenin ihtiyaçlarına uygun anahtar kelimelerin seçimi
Anahtar kelimelerin seçiminde, hedef kitlenizin ihtiyaçlarına ve arama alışkanlıklarına uygun olmasına dikkat edin. Hedef kitlenin dilini ve terimlerini anlamak, daha etkili anahtar kelimeler seçmenizi sağlar. Kullanıcıların arama yaptığında hangi terimleri kullandığını ve hangi soruları sorduğunu anlamak için kullanıcı araştırması yapabilirsiniz. Böylece, hedef kitlenin tam olarak neyi aradığını ve hangi anahtar kelimeleri kullandığını belirleyebilirsiniz.
Rekabetin analizi ve farklılaşma
Seçtiğiniz anahtar kelimeler için rekabeti analiz edin. Hangi web sitelerinin bu anahtar kelimelerde üst sıralarda yer aldığını gözlemleyin. Rekabetin yoğun olduğu anahtar kelimelerde zorlu bir mücadele bekleyebilirsiniz. Bu durumda, daha spesifik ve niş odaklı anahtar kelimeleri tercih ederek rekabetten kaçınabilirsiniz. Farklılaşmak için benzersiz içerik ve değerli bilgiler sunmak da önemlidir.
Trendlere dikkat etmek
Anahtar kelime trendleri, belirli bir dönemde popüler olan terimleri gösterir. Bu trendlere dikkat etmek, güncel ve ilgi çekici içerikler oluşturmanızı sağlar. Mevsimsel veya sektörel trendlere odaklanarak, hedef kitlenizin arama alışkanlıklarına uygun içerikler sunabilirsiniz.
Ölçümleme ve optimizasyon
Anahtar kelime araştırması sadece başlangıçtır. Oluşturduğunuz içeriği düzenli olarak takip ederek, anahtar kelimelerin performansını ölçümleyin. Hangi anahtar kelimelerin daha fazla trafik getirdiğini ve dönüşüm sağladığını belirleyin. Bu verilere dayanarak içerik stratejinizi ve anahtar kelime hedeflerinizi optimize edin.
Anahtar Kelime Araştırmasının SEO’ya Etkisi
Anahtar kelime araştırması, SEO performansınızı önemli ölçüde etkiler. İşte anahtar kelime araştırmasının SEO’ya olan etkileri:
- Arama motorlarında üst sıralara çıkmak: Doğru anahtar kelimeleri hedefleyerek, web sitenizin arama motorlarında üst sıralarda yer almasını sağlarsınız. Bu da daha fazla görünürlük ve organik trafik demektir.
- Organik trafik elde etmek: Anahtar kelime araştırması, hedef kitlenizin arama yaparken kullandığı terimleri belirlemenizi sağlar. Bu terimlere odaklanarak, hedeflenen kullanıcıların web sitenize organik olarak ulaşmasını sağlayabilirsiniz.
- Daha fazla dönüşüm sağlamak: İyi bir anahtar kelime araştırması, hedef kitlenizin aradığı şeyleri tam olarak anlamanızı sağlar. Bu da kullanıcıların ihtiyaçlarını karşılayan ve güven veren içerikler sunarak daha fazla dönüşüm elde etmenizi sağlar. Anahtar kelimeleri doğru bir şekilde kullanarak, hedeflenen kullanıcıların web sitenizde istedikleri eylemi gerçekleştirmelerini sağlayabilirsiniz.
- Site otoritesini artırmak: Anahtar kelime araştırması, web sitenizin sektördeki otoritesini artırmak için de önemlidir. Hedeflenen anahtar kelimelerde kaliteli ve değerli içerikler sunarak, sektörde bir otorite konumuna yükselme şansınızı artırabilirsiniz.
- İçerik optimizasyonu yapmak: Anahtar kelime araştırması, içeriklerinizi optimize etmenize yardımcı olur. Doğru anahtar kelimeleri içeriğinizde stratejik bir şekilde kullanarak, arama motorlarının içeriğinizi daha iyi anlamasını ve indekslemesini sağlarsınız. Bu da daha iyi sıralamalar ve daha fazla organik trafik demektir.
- Anahtar kelime araştırması, SEO stratejinizin temel bir parçasıdır ve web sitenizin başarısı için önemlidir. Doğru anahtar kelimeleri seçmek, hedef kitlenizi tanımak ve rekabeti analiz etmek için zaman ayırmanız gerekmektedir. Bununla birlikte, anahtar kelime araştırmasının sadece başlangıç noktası olduğunu unutmayın. Sürekli olarak sonuçları takip edin, içerik stratejinizi optimize edin ve kullanıcıların ihtiyaçlarına odaklanarak SEO performansınızı sürekli olarak geliştirin.
Anahtar Kelime Araştırması İle İlgili Sık Sorulan Sorular
Anahtar kelime yoğunluğu nedir ve nasıl optimize edilir?
Anahtar kelime yoğunluğu, bir içerikte belirli bir anahtar kelimenin ne sıklıkta kullanıldığını ifade eder. Anahtar kelime yoğunluğu, içerikte dengeli bir şekilde kullanılmalıdır. Anahtar kelimenin gereğinden fazla kullanılması, spam olarak algılanabilir ve arama motorları tarafından cezalandırılabilir. Anahtar kelime yoğunluğunu optimize etmek için doğal bir şekilde ve içeriğin akışını bozmadan anahtar kelimeyi kullanmaya dikkat edin.
Anahtar kelime araştırması için hangi araçları kullanabilirim?
Anahtar kelime araştırması için çeşitli ücretsiz ve ücretli araçlar mevcuttur. Google Anahtar Kelime Planlayıcı, Semrush, Ahrefs, Moz Keyword Explorer gibi araçlar popüler seçeneklerdir. Bu araçlar, anahtar kelime araştırması, arama hacmi, rekabet analizi ve benzer anahtar kelimeler gibi veriler sağlar.
Uzun kuyruk anahtar kelimeler neden önemlidir?
Uzun kuyruk anahtar kelimeler, daha spesifik ve niş odaklı arama sorgularını hedefler. Daha az rekabetli olabilirler ve daha hedeflenmiş bir kitleye ulaşmanıza yardımcı olabilirler. Ayrıca, uzun kuyruk anahtar kelimeleri hedefleyerek, kullanıcıların daha belirli bir ihtiyacını karşılayabilir ve daha yüksek dönüşüm oranları elde edebilirsiniz.
Anahtar kelime araştırmasının rekabet analiziyle ilişkisi nedir?
Anahtar kelime araştırması yaparken rekabet analizi önemlidir. Rekabet analizi, hedeflediğiniz anahtar kelimelerdeki rekabet düzeyini belirlemenizi sağlar. Bu analiz, hangi anahtar kelimelerin daha rekabetçi olduğunu ve hangi anahtar kelimelerde daha kolay bir şekilde üst sıralara çıkabileceğinizi anlamanızı sağlar. Rekabet analizi yaparak, rekabetin yoğun olduğu anahtar kelimeler yerine daha az rekabetli fırsatlar bulabilir ve daha etkili bir SEO stratejisi oluşturabilirsiniz.
Anahtar kelime araştırması nasıl sürekli bir süreç haline getirilebilir?
Anahtar kelime araştırması, sürekli olarak güncel tutulması gereken bir süreçtir. İnternet trendleri, kullanıcı arama alışkanlıkları ve sektördeki değişimler zamanla değişebilir. Bu nedenle, düzenli olarak anahtar kelime araştırması yaparak, yeni anahtar kelimeleri keşfedebilir ve içerik stratejinizi güncel tutabilirsiniz. Aynı zamanda, mevcut anahtar kelimelerin performansını ve rekabet düzeyini izlemek de önemlidir. Analitik verileri inceleyerek, SEO stratejinizi optimize edebilir ve daha iyi sonuçlar elde edebilirsiniz.
Kısacası
Anahtar kelime araştırması, başarılı bir SEO stratejisinin temel adımlarından biridir. Doğru anahtar kelimeleri seçmek, hedef kitlenizi anlamak, rekabeti analiz etmek ve içeriği optimize etmek için önemlidir. Anahtar kelime araştırması yaparken, uzun kuyruk anahtar kelimeleri ve trendlere dikkat etmek önemlidir. Sürekli olarak anahtar kelime araştırması yapmak ve performansı ölçümlemek, SEO stratejinizi geliştirmenizi sağlar. Unutmayın, anahtar kelime araştırması, kullanıcıların arama ihtiyaçlarına cevap veren ve değerli içerikler sunmanızı sağlayarak web sitenizin başarısını artırır.<|endoftext|>a) An understanding of the constraints and benefits of different technology
To offer a truism – the range of technologies by which and through which one can potentially teach and learn is immense and is in a state of continual expansion and evolution. On the one hand this affords excellent opportunities for enhancing teaching and learning through technology. However unless one is continually mindful of the constraints and benefits of utilising technology in a pedagogic context, the result can be a situation where teaching and learning are simply bolted on to a technology and as such there is no enhancement of the teaching or learning.
When approaching my work I am mindful of the guiding vision of the CELT:
working with staff and students to transform their learning and teaching experiences through the situated use of technologies
The notion of situated use is key in ensuring that one has a clear understanding of how a particular technological intervention can be situated within a curriculum or a specific learning need, to ensure that the technology serves the pedagogy.
I have spoken to some of these issues in a couple of blogs that I have written.
So on the one hand there are fundamental constraints with technology that apply to the broader aspects of pedagogy. On the other hand there are also more pragmatic reasons to have a situated understanding of the constraints and benefits of technology. The following is an example of a project on which I worked in which weighing the practical benefits and constraints of technology was a critical aspect of the developmental strategy, and from which I learned some key lessons about the strategic value of being mindful of the constraint/benefit dichotomy, and just how critical the notion of situated technology can be.
High Street is a virtual, fictional community that I developed in collaboration with academic staff to support and enhance teaching and learning on the BSc Nursing programme at DMU. Built in a Blackboard (VLE) community shell it provides a space in which teaching staff can create, develop and explore the use
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عباس عراقچی، معاون وزارت خارجه ایران نیز روز گذشته با اعلام این نکته که مذاکرات به مرحلهای حساس رسیده است، گفت که ایران در تلاش برای تدوین متن یک توافقنامه است. وی نگارش این متن را "پروسهای طولانی، زمانبر و سخت" دانست و تاکید کرد که باید درباره تمامی بندها و جزئیات آن میان ایران و شش قدرت جهانی توافق صورت گیرد.
عراقچی ابراز امیدواری کرد که پیش نویس این توافقنامه تا پایان روز دوم مذاکرات تهیه شود و در روزها و دیدارهای آینده به مرحله نهایی برسد.
ظریف، وزیر خارجه ایران نیز که شب گذشته (پنجشنبه) با شبکه خبری "سی ان ان" گفتوگو میکرد، اعلام کرد که بحث تعلیق غنیسازی ایران در این توافقنامه مطرح نخواهد شد. این در حالی است که پیشتر آمریکا اعلام کرده بود در صورت کاهش برنامههای اتمی ایران، تحریمها به طور "محدود و بازگشتپذیر" کاهش خواهند یافت.
دیدار دو جانبه هیاتهای ایرانی و آمریکایی
یک مقام ارشد وزارت خارجه آمریکا نیز گفت که سفر جان کری به ژنو میتواند به توافق میان ایران با شش قدرت جهانی کمک کند. این مقام آمریکایی که نخواسته نامش فاش شود، همچنین اعلام کرد که هیاتهای نمایندگی آمریکا و ایران در روز نخست مذاکرات، دیدار دو جانبهای در مقر سازمان ملل متحد در ژنو داشتهاند.
وی گفت این دیدار که با شرکت وندی شرمن، معاون وزارت خارجه آمریکا و عباس عراقچی، معاون وزارت خارجه ایران صورت گرفته، یک ساعت به طول انجامید. این مقام وزارت خارجه آمریکا دیدار دو جانبه میان هیاتهای ایرانی و آمریکایی را "ارزشمند و جدی" توصیف کرد.
در همین حال برخی از گزارشها حاکی از آن است که جان کری بعدازظهر روز جمعه، در پایان روز دوم مذاکرات هستهای با محمدجواد ظریف دیدار خواهد کرد. سفر وزیر خارجه آمریکا به ژنو خوشبینیها برای دستیابی به توافق میان طرفین مذاکرات را تقویت کرده است.<|endoftext|>Un futuro padre è stato arrestato dopo aver fatto esplodere una bomba artigianale di 36 kg che ha fatto tremare le case in due stati, come parte di una festa di rivelazione del genere.
L'acrobazia spericolata ha terrorizzato i residenti che hanno segnalato un terremoto dopo che l'enorme scorta di esplosivi è stata incendiata in una cava del New Hampshire.
La polizia ha detto che l'over-the-counter i pirotecnici sono più comunemente usati in piccole quantità come bersagli esplosivi nelle pratiche di armi da fuoco.
L'esplosione è stata così estrema che è stata avvertita nelle città al di là del confine di stato nel Massachusetts – e ha persino rotto le fondamenta di una casa vicina.
“Abbiamo sentito questa terribile esplosione”, ha detto a NBC 10 Boston Sara Taglieri, che vive vicino al sito della cava di Torromeo Industries dove è avvenuta la rivelazione di genere ed era a casa intorno alle 19:00 di martedì.
“Ha buttato giù le immagini dai nostri muri … Sono tutto per sciocchezze e quant'altro, ma è stato estremo.”
Il marito di Taglieri, Matt, ha affermato che uno dei loro vicini ha subito delle crepe Di conseguenza, le fondamenta della loro casa.
Il filmato della telecamera del campanello ottenuto da WBZ4 mostrava gli edifici tremare mentre un potente boom echeggiava nell'aria. )
La polizia di Kingston è stata inondata di chiamate ai 911 e rapporti sull'esplosione.
Quando gli agenti hanno raggiunto la cava, hanno trovato una festa in cui i futuri genitori stavano celebrando il sesso del loro futuro figlio.
Hanno spiegato alla polizia di aver scelto una cava per lanciare big bang, supponendo che sarebbe stato sicuro.
Successivamente hanno confermato che la fonte era 80 libbre di over-the-counter Tannerite – un esplosivo acquistato in kit, hanno detto i poliziotti all'Associated Press.
Il futuro padre non identificato, ritenuto essere colui che ha acquistato le esplosioni, si è arreso alle autorità – che stanno ancora valutando le accuse.
Finora, i poliziotti non hanno confermato alcun rapporto di feriti.
Tuttavia, alcune case vicine hanno notato che la loro acqua del rubinetto era diventata marrone dopo l'esplosione.
Maggie Jasmin ha appreso in prima persona gli effetti negativi quando ha provato a bere un bicchiere d'acqua che sembrava caramellizzata.
Lei e la sua famiglia bevono acqua in bottiglia per prudenza.
“Spero quello in nelle prossime 24-48 ore si stabilirà e si risolverà da solo. In caso contrario, probabilmente faremo la doccia ai miei suoceri “, ha detto Jasmin al leader dell'Unione del New Hampshire.
Questo articolo è apparso originariamente su The Sun ed è stato ripubblicato con autorizzazione<|endoftext|>“Proof” is a number used to indicate the alcohol content of distilled spirits. This archaic term is derived from the concentration of alcohol necessary for combustion of gunpowder when mixed with the liquor. The minimum amount of alcohol required for the mixture to burn was 50 percent, which was 100 proof. Most liquors are 80 to 90 proof — 40 percent to 45 percent alcohol — but many varieties are 100 proof or more.
Most bourbons, scotches and other varieties of whiskey are either 80 or 86 proof, but several distilleries also produce whiskeys with higher alcohol content. For instance, Old Grand Dad offers a 100 proof version along with its standard 86 proof blended whiskey, and Wild Turkey has a 101 proof bourbon as well as a rye whiskey with the same alcohol content.
Vodka and Rum
Big-name makers of vodka also offer versions with a higher alcohol content. Stolichnaya and Smirnoff each sell 100 proof vodkas, along with their standard 80 proof varieties. Captain Morgan, maker of a popular spiced rum, also sells it in a 100 proof.
Several sweet liqueurs have high alcohol content, and 100 proof is the most popular. These high-powered after-dinner drinks include cinnamon and peppermint schnapps products. The fruit-flavored bourbon Southern Comfort also comes in a 100 proof version.
Absinthe is an anise-flavored herbal drink that is not usually available in the United States because of its supposed hallucinogenic effects. Some brands are made without the banned herbs, and these are sold in the United States. Absinthe comes in a wide variety, and at least one is 100 proof: Absinthe Fee Verte Classic.
Several whiskeys have alcohol content of substantially more than 100 proof. Macallan makes a scotch it calls cask strength at is 116 proof; George T. Stagg bourbon is 136 proof, or 68 percent alcohol. Some absinthes contain as much as 75 percent alcohol, making them 150 proof, and Bacardi and other distillers produce 151 proof dark rums. Some liquor stores carry a pure grain alcohol, Everclear. It has an alcohol concentration of 95 percent, or 190 proof, the most achievable using a still.
References and ResourcesThe University of Edinburgh: Scotch Whisky Sale and Distribution
University of Idaho: Introduction to Pharmacology of Psychoactive Drugs: Alcohol<|endoftext|>|Intellectual property and Intellectual rights law|
|Sui generis rights|
Fair use is a doctrine unique to the law of the United States that permits limited use of copyrighted material without having to first acquire permission from the copyright holder. The Supreme Court has traditionally characterized fair use as an affirmative defense, but in Lenz v. Universal Music Corp. (2015) (the "dancing baby" case), the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit concluded that fair use was not merely a defense to an infringement claim, but was an expressly authorized right, and an exception to the exclusive rights granted to the author of a creative work by copyright law: "Fair use is therefore distinct from affirmative defenses where a use infringes a copyright, but there is no liability due to a valid excuse, e.g., misuse of a copyright." Examples of fair use in United States copyright law include commentary, search engines, criticism, parody, news reporting, research, and scholarship. Although related, the limitations and exceptions to copyright for teaching and library archiving in the U.S. are located in a different section of the statute. Fair use provides for the legal, unlicensed citation or incorporation of copyrighted material in another author's work under a four-factor balancing test.
The term "fair use" originated in the United States. A similar-sounding principle, fair dealing, exists in some other common law jurisdictions but in fact it is more similar in principle to the enumerated exceptions found under civil law systems. Civil law jurisdictions have other limitations and exceptions to copyright.
Fair use is one of the limitations to copyright intended to balance the interests of copyright holders with the public interest in the wider distribution and use of creative works by allowing certain limited uses that might otherwise be considered infringement.
- 1 History
- 2 U.S. fair use factors
- 3 U.S. fair use procedure and practice
- 4 Fair use in particular areas
- 5 Influence internationally
- 6 Policy arguments about fair use
- 7 Fair Use Week
- 8 See also
- 9 References
- 10 Further reading
- 11 External links
The 1709 Statute of Anne, an act of the Parliament of Great Britain, created copyright law to replace a system of private ordering enforced by the Stationers' Company. The Statute of Anne did not provide for legal unauthorized use of material protected by copyright. In Gyles v Wilcox, the Court of Chancery established the doctrine of "fair abridgement," which permitted unauthorized abridgement of copyrighted works under certain circumstances. Over time, this doctrine evolved into the modern concepts of fair use and fair dealing. Fair use was a common-law doctrine in the U.S. until it was incorporated into the Copyright Act of 1976, 17 U.S.C. § 107.
In response to perceived over-expansion of copyrights, several electronic civil liberties and free expression organizations began in the 1990s to add fair use cases to their dockets and concerns. These include the Electronic Frontier Foundation ("EFF"), the American Civil Liberties Union, the National Coalition Against Censorship, the American Library Association, numerous clinical programs at law schools, and others. The "Chilling Effects" archive was established in 2002 as a coalition of several law school clinics and the EFF to document the use of cease and desist letters. Most recently, in 2006, Stanford University began an initiative called "The Fair Use Project" (FUP) to help artists, particularly filmmakers, fight lawsuits brought against them by large corporations.
U.S. fair use factors
Notwithstanding the provisions of sections 17 U.S.C. § 106 and 17 U.S.C. § 106A, the fair use of a copyrighted work, including such use by reproduction in copies or phonorecords or by any other means specified by that section, for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching (including multiple copies for classroom use), scholarship, or research, is not an infringement of copyright. In determining whether the use made of a work in any particular case is a fair use the factors to be considered shall include:
- the purpose and character of the use, including whether such use is of a commercial nature or is for nonprofit educational purposes;
- the nature of the copyrighted work;
- the amount and substantiality of the portion used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole; and
- the effect of the use upon the potential market for or value of the copyrighted work.
The fact that a work is unpublished shall not itself bar a finding of fair use if such finding is made upon consideration of all the above factors.
The four factors of analysis for fair use set forth above derive from the opinion of Joseph Story in Folsom v. Marsh, in which the defendant had copied 353 pages from the plaintiff's 12-volume biography of George Washington in order to produce a separate two-volume work of his own. The court rejected the defendant's fair use defense with the following explanation:
[A] reviewer may fairly cite largely from the original work, if his design be really and truly to use the passages for the purposes of fair and reasonable criticism. On the other hand, it is as clear, that if he thus cites the most important parts of the work, with a view, not to criticize, but to supersede the use of the original work, and substitute the review for it, such a use will be deemed in law a piracy ...
In short, we must often ... look to the nature and objects of the selections made, the quantity and value of the materials used, and the degree in which the use may prejudice the sale, or diminish the profits, or supersede the objects, of the original work.
The statutory fair use factors quoted above come from the Copyright Act of 1976, which is codified at 17 U.S.C. § 107. They were intended by Congress to restate, but not replace, the prior judge-made law. As Judge Pierre N. Leval has written, the statute does not "define or explain [fair use's] contours or objectives." While it "leav[es] open the possibility that other factors may bear on the question, the statute identifies none." That is, courts are entitled to consider other factors in addition to the four statutory factors.
1. Purpose and character of the use
The first factor is "the purpose and character of the use, including whether such use is of a commercial nature or is for nonprofit educational purposes." To justify the use as fair, one must demonstrate how it either advances knowledge or the progress of the arts through the addition of something new.
A key consideration in recent fair use cases is the extent to which the use is transformative. In the 1994 decision Campbell v. Acuff-Rose Music Inc, the U.S. Supreme Court held that when the purpose of the use is transformative, this makes the first factor more likely to favor fair use. Before the Campbell decision, federal Judge Pierre Leval argued that transformativeness is central to the fair use analysis in his 1990 article, Toward a Fair Use Standard. Blanch v. Koons is another example of a fair use case that focused on transformativeness. In 2006, Jeff Koons used a photograph taken by commercial photographer Andrea Blanch in a collage painting. He appropriated a central portion of an advertisement she had been commissioned to shoot for a magazine. Koons prevailed in part because his use was found transformative under the first fair use factor.
The Campbell case also addressed the subfactor mentioned in the quotation above, "whether such use is of a commercial nature or is for nonprofit educational purposes." In an earlier case, Sony Corp. of America v. Universal City Studios, Inc., the Supreme Court had stated that "every commercial use of copyrighted material is presumptively . . . unfair." In Campbell, the court clarified that this is not a "hard evidentiary presumption" and that even the tendency that commercial purpose will "weigh against a finding of fair use . . . will vary with the context." The Campbell court held that hip-hop group 2 Live Crew's parody of the song "Oh, Pretty Woman" was fair use, even though the parody was sold for profit. Thus, having a commercial purpose does not preclude a use from being found fair, even though it makes it less likely.
Likewise, the noncommercial purpose of a use makes it more likely to be found a fair use, but it does not make it a fair use automatically. For instance, in L.A. Times v. Free Republic, the court found that the noncommercial use of LA Times content by the Free Republic Web site was not fair use, since it allowed the public to obtain material at no cost that they would otherwise pay for.
Another factor is whether the use fulfills any of the "preamble purposes" also mentioned in the legislation above, as these have been interpreted as paradigmatically "transformative".
It is arguable, given the dominance of a rhetoric of the "transformative" in recent fair use determinations, that the first factor and transformativeness in general have become the most important parts of fair use.
2. Nature of the copyrighted work
Although the Supreme Court has ruled that the availability of copyright protection should not depend on the artistic quality or merit of a work, fair use analyses consider certain aspects of the work to be relevant, such as whether it is fictional or non-fictional.
To prevent the private ownership of work that rightfully belongs in the public domain, facts and ideas are not protected by copyright—only their particular expression or fixation merits such protection. On the other hand, the social usefulness of freely available information can weigh against the appropriateness of copyright for certain fixations. The Zapruder film of the assassination of President Kennedy, for example, was purchased and copyrighted by Time magazine. Yet its copyright was not upheld, in the name of the public interest, when Time tried to enjoin the reproduction of stills from the film in a history book on the subject in Time Inc v. Bernard Geis Associates.
In the decisions of the Second Circuit in Salinger v. Random House and in New Era Publications Int'l v. Henry Holt & Co, the aspect of whether the copied work has been previously published was considered crucial, assuming the right of the original author to control the circumstances of the publication of his work or preference not to publish at all. However, Judge Pierre N. Leval views this importation of certain aspects of France's droit moral d'artiste (moral rights of the artist) into American copyright law as "bizarre and contradictory" because it sometimes grants greater protection to works that were created for private purposes that have little to do with the public goals of copyright law, than to those works that copyright was initially conceived to protect. This is not to claim that unpublished works, or, more specifically, works not intended for publication, do not deserve legal protection, but that any such protection should come from laws about privacy, rather than laws about copyright. The statutory fair use provision was amended in response to these concerns by adding a final sentence: "The fact that a work is unpublished shall not itself bar a finding of fair use if such finding is made upon consideration of all the above factors."
3. Amount and substantiality
The third factor assesses the amount and substantiality of the copyrighted work that has been used. In general, the less that is used in relation to the whole, the more likely the use will be considered fair.
Using most or all of a work does not bar a finding of fair use. It simply makes the third factor less favorable to the defendant. For instance, in Sony Corp. of America v. Universal City Studios, Inc. copying entire television programs for private viewing was upheld as fair use, at least when the copying is done for the purposes of time-shifting. In Kelly v. Arriba Soft Corporation, the Ninth Circuit held that copying an entire photo to use as a thumbnail in online search results did not even weigh against
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its capital city. Auditors from Georgia Power, a subsidiary of Southern Company (NYSE: SO ) , found that $18 million in improvements to the 18 buildings assessed in its initial survey could save $4.7 million per year in energy costs.
Long a champion of energy efficiency, California's trend continued this past November when the state passed Proposition 39, which will close a tax loophole and point half of the new funds toward energy efficiency for the next five years.
Private home builders are active in the state as well. KB Home (NYSE: KBH ) has developed entire sustainable communities, boasting that many of its residences are more efficient than California's already stringent new-build standards. And KB isn't alone, Toll Brothers (NYSE: TOL ) is utilizing everything from solar arrays and geothermal heating in its projects to improve efficiency.
Miami's first LEED certified hotel opened less than a year ago, and it is already watching the savings pile up. Electricity costs are down, water consumption is down, and natural gas costs have been almost halved. In a state economy dominated by tourism, energy efficient hotels should become the norm.
The future is here, almost
Despite the very solid efforts going on across the country, there are perhaps two projects that reveal the true potential of energy efficiency. One is the Bullitt Center in Seattle, and the other is Masdar City, in Abu Dhabi.
Seattle's Bullitt Center is billed as the "Greenest Commercial Building in the World," and the specs are pretty amazing. It is designed to produce as much electricity as it uses, which would make it both energy and carbon neutral. Seattle is the land of cloudy skies and persistent rainfall, but the Bullitt Center is so efficient that the 240 kilowatt solar array on its roof can generate 100% of its year round electricity.
All that rainfall will be put to work, too. Rainwater will be gathered in a 56,000 gallon underground cistern, where it will be stored until needed, treated, and used throughout the building. Overall, the Bullitt Center uses one-fifth the amount of energy as an average building its size.
Masdar City is the Bullitt Center on steroids. The Abu Dhabi project is the world's first attempt at a zero-carbon city, and serves as a very tangible example of the Middle East's burgeoning effort at growing renewable energy.
Spearheaded by the renewable energy company Masdar, Masdar City was conceived to be a clean-tech center, home to a research university and private enterprise geared toward innovating energy production, efficiency, and sustainability. Its development has seen its fair share of setbacks, financially and logistically, but it continues to move forward, implementing game-changing initiatives in technology, architecture, and urban planning that have already had significant effects on consumption patterns. For example:
- Residents use 54% less potable water and 51% less electricity than normal.
- Masdar is home to a 10 MW solar plant, and 30% of domestic energy is provided by rooftop solar panels.
- There is up to a 20°C difference in radiant temperature on a given city street in Masdar, compared to Abu Dhabi.
Masdar City and the Bullitt Center are two progressive efficiency projects that will eventually serve as a baseline for future development, especially as the world's population continues to grow and migrate to cities.
So what does all of this mean for our economy and investors? Aside from the potential of investing in clean-tech companies, following this story can reveal important macroeconomic changes. Time and time again we look to housing starts as an indicator of our nation's economic health. A closer look however, at green starts and sustainable building could shine a light on a future of increasing efficiency and shrinking energy needs, both important factors for a healthy U.S. economy.
GE was one of the first tenants to secure commercial space in Masdar City. For GE, the recent financial crisis struck a blow, but management took advantage of the market's dip to make strategic bets in energy. If you're a GE investor, you need to understand how these bets could drive this company to become the world's infrastructure leader. At the same time, you need to be aware of the threats to GE's portfolio. To help, we're offering comprehensive coverage for investors in a premium report on General Electric, in which our industrials analyst breaks down GE's multiple businesses. You'll find reasons to buy or sell GE, and you'll receive continuing updates as major events unfold during the year. To get started, click here now.<|endoftext|>LGBT+ people and their supporters have not been able to celebrate this day publicly for years due to the risks of violence and lack of state guarantees of protection. Such a statement was released by the Public Defender of Georgia.
“May 17 is International Day Against Homophobia, Transphobia and Biphobia, which aims to condemn violence and express solidarity with LGBT+ people. However, LGBT+ people and their supporters have not been able to celebrate this day publicly for years due to the risks of violence and lack of state guarantees of protection.
The events developed last year during the Tbilisi Pride Week were particularly alarming, when the leaders and other members of the far-right groups directly and publicly called for violence against members of the LGBT+ community and their supporters. On July 5, 2021, when the March of Dignity was to be held, the law enforcement failed to prevent large-scale attacks on journalists and human rights activists by the above violent groups, resulting in a number of people being seriously injured.
Although the visibility of the LGBT+ community has increased over the years and the discriminatory attitudes in the society have decreased, this process is not accompanied by a consistent or thoughtful state policy. Moreover, the legal inaction of the State encourages inequality towards LGBT+ people in almost all areas of public life, fails to improve their quality of life and leaves them vulnerable to violence and discrimination.
An important challenge is timely, effective and accountable investigation of hate crimes. The State has not yet developed a unified strategy to combat hate crimes and its response to homo/transphobic crimes still fails to meet standards of effectiveness, timeliness and impartiality.
The Public Defender once again calls on the relevant state agencies and public figures to take effective preventive and reactive measures against alleged crimes targeting LGBT+ people and to make public statements that will help raise public awareness of equality”, - reads the statement.<|endoftext|>Rüyada ebe görmek ne demek, ne anlama geliyor? Berrin Türkoğlu, rüyada ebe görmeyi şöyle yorumluyor.
Rüyada eczane görmek ne demek, ne anlama geliyor?
Rüyada edebiyatla uğraşmak, rüyayı görenin duygulu ve hassas bir kişi olduğuna ve iş yaşamında başarılı olacağına işaret eder.
Rüyada eflatun renk görmek iyiye yorulmaz, genellikle bir hastalık ve sıkıntı demektir.
Rüyada ehliyet görmek ne demek, ne anlama geliyor? Berrin Türkoğlu, rüyada ehliyet görmeyi şöyle yorumluyor.
Ejderha benzeri korkunç bir hayvan görmek, hasımlarınızı yenebileceğinize işaret eder.<|endoftext|>During spring and fall migration, millions of birds pass through North Carolina, often flying at night. Many nocturnal migrants fly over urban centers on their way to their non-breeding homes, but unfortunately, when conditions like fog cause such birds to fly lower, they are attracted to building lights. They become disoriented, fatigued, and then collide into the windows. Studies show that upward-facing, bright lights can confuse birds that then become disoriented and collide with windows of tall buildings.
- Smithsonian Migratory Bird Center researchers analyzed data from 23 cities estimating 365 to 988 million birds are killed each year in the U.S.
- In Chicago, research by Field Museum staff in demonstrated an 80 percent reduction in collisions when building lights were turned out. Each building dimmed, added up across the country, could add up to saving quite a few birds.
Turning Out the Lights
Audubon North Carolina is partnering with chapters across the state to help darken the skies during migration and decrease bird deaths with the Lights Out North Carolina program. North Carolina’s three largest cities – Charlotte, Raleigh and Winston-Salem have already begun Lights Out programs with promising results.
Volunteers walk the city streets collecting and documenting bird species killed by collisions with specific buildings. With this information, these volunteers then talk with building owners and property managers about turning out building lights from 11 pm to dawn during spring and fall migration. Already, five buildings in Winston-Salem turn their lights out for birds, reducing bird collisions by about half, and Audubon members in Charlotte and Raleigh are advocating for similar help for migrating birds.
As many as 40 percent of the migrating birds en route along the Atlantic Flyway have been designated for conservation concern. In North Carolina, the Wood Thrush has been named a priority bird and is of special concern for Lights Out volunteers because the species has shown a significant decline across its breeding range since the mid-1960s. The Wood Thrush faces continuing degradation and destruction of its forest habitat in the Eastern United States, including North Carolina, and this bird is highly susceptible to glass collisions on its migration path.
Conservation and Education
Lights Out isn’t just about turning out the lights. Monitoring studies conducted during peak migration season identify which buildings pose the greatest threat to birds. Each morning, volunteers walk the city streets collecting and documenting bird species killed by collisions with specific buildings. Stunned birds often recover within a few hours and are released. Injured birds go to a federally licensed, local songbird rehabilitator.
Dead birds are collected and donated to Raleigh’s North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences.The bird collection at the museum is one of the three largest of its kind in the southeastern United States, housing 20,000 specimens. Hundreds of birds have been delivered to the museum by Audubon volunteers. The birds are preserved and used in the permanent collection as sources of research or brought out for educational purposes.
In North Carolina, there are currently Lights Out programs in:
How To Help
Help make the skies a little darker during migration seasons.
1. Turn off the lights outside of your home, especially upward-facing lights.
2. Close blinds and curtains at home and before leaving your office for the day.
3. If you work in an office building, ask your employer to turn out exterior upward-facing lights, as well as interior office lights from 11 pm to dawn.
- Spring migration season: March 15 - May 30
- Fall migration season: September 10 - November 30
To learn how you can get involved with an active Lights Out program, contact your local chapter.
How you can help, right now
Sign Up For Our eNewsletter
Keep up-to-date on all that happens with Audubon North Carolina's research, events and volunteer opportunities.<|endoftext|>The two major ways of writing these essays are the block method and the point-by-point method. jun 23, my essay pro 2020 · a compare and contrast essay, therefore, looks at the similarities of two or comparing essay more objects, and the differences. compare. this type of essay advances and develops your critical thinking comparing essay as well as your argumentation and solving knapsack problem …. the purpose of writing a formal essay template comparison or contrast essay is not to comparing essay state the zouk music essay obvious but rather to illuminate subtle differences macbeth assignments or unexpected similarities between two subjects get your custom essay on compare and contrast buddhism and christianity just from $13,9/page get custom paper. conventional and alternative medicine there has always been a debate over which type of medicine is more beneficial. decide research paper on social issues your. however, a compare and contrast research papers on breast cancer essay is not like any other assignment sep 06, 2018 · in your compare and contrast essay, you provide the readers with different views on the same problem or subject, giving them sap business planning and consolidation the freedom to decide what they think about the issue after doing the necessary research. comparing essay listing characteristics divide a piece of paper into two sides. make your intro brief, but specify at least comparing essay 2-3 ideas which you will discuss in the main format for essays part of your work essays examples on comparing and work backwards problem solving strategy contrasting for essay in english on teachers day. second, they want to engage you in critical thinking oct 12, 2017 · when it comes to compare and contrast essays, an illustration essay example you can choose between the block method and point by point method. when writing a descriptive or a narrative essay, you need to focus on one subject. why even bother looking for samples and examples?” is that what you’re thinking? Views:.<|endoftext|>A proposito di questo DLC
In The Eternal Conflict, vieni catapultato in una battaglia tra le forze del bene e del male. Vivi nuove storie attraverso gli occhi dei personaggi dell'espansione Talismano "The Sacred Pool" in 5 nuovi entusiasmanti capitoli.
Con nuove storie incentrate sull'espansione dei personaggi di Dread Knight, Chivalric Knight, Magus e Cleric, guarda tu stesso cosa fa cadere questi personaggi dalla parte del bene o del male! Ogni personaggio è al centro del proprio capitolo, permettendoti di vedere la terra di Talisman attraverso i loro occhi.
Crea il tuo culto del male o lavora per eliminare il male che ha messo radici nella terra. Gira il mondo per adattarlo alle tue ambizioni malvagie o mostra al mondo che gli eroi altruisti esistono ancora!
Ti allineerai con le forze del bene e salverai la terra di Talisman? O farai immergere il mondo nell'oscurità? Il nuovo finale di "Conflitto eterno" vede le forze del bene e del male lottare per il controllo del tabellone del Talismano. Scegli il tuo personaggio e poi rivendica spazi nel nome del tuo allineamento e conquista la terra di Talisman!
- 5 capitoli di nuovissimi contenuti della storia
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- Un finale completamente nuovo per Talisman<|endoftext|>Human arteries contain cells that can function as cardiac stem cells to produce new heart muscle tissue, Vanderbilt University investigators have discovered.
The findings, published in the journal Cell Reports
, could lead to new strategies for repairing the heart after a heart attack, Medical Xpress
"People thought that the same heart you had as a young child, you had as an old man or woman as well," said researcher Antonis Hatzopoulos, an associate professor of Medicine and Cell and Developmental Biology.
Special: The Two Signs Your Heart Is In Trouble
But the new study demonstrates that new heart stem cells are generated at a low rate, suggesting the presence of cardiac stem cells in endothelial cells that line blood vessels.
Using sophisticated technologies to track cells in mice, the Vanderbilt team found they have the potential to generate new heart muscle cells.
The new understanding could lead to new strategies for producing new heart muscle after a heart attack, during aging, or in disease conditions such as diabetes and high blood pressure, Hatzopoulos said.
"If we can understand the molecular mechanisms that regulate the fate switch that happens after injury, perhaps we can use some sort of chemical or drug to restore regeneration and make muscle instead of scar," he said. "We think there is an opportunity here to improve the way we treat people who come into the clinic after myocardial infarction."
© 2015 NewsmaxHealth. All rights reserved.<|endoftext|>Nell’ospedale Al Shifa di Gaza non c’era alcun “comando di Hamas” nè gli ostaggi ma solo feriti, malati e personale medico costretti a sfollare dalle truppe israeliane. Lo riferisce un collaboratore dell’agenzia Afp sul posto.
Un giornalista, che si trova dentro l’ospedale Al-Shifa, ha raccontato alla Bbc che le forze israeliane sono andate di stanza in stanza, piano dopo piano, e hanno interrogato tutti, sia il personale che i pazienti, accompagnati da medici e soldati che parlano arabo.
Il giornalista di nome Khader aggiunge che gli sfollati che si erano rifugiati nel complesso sono stati fatti radunare nel cortile e alcuni sono sottoposti a controlli di sicurezza.
Il direttore del pronto soccorso dell’ospedale Al-Shifa, Omar Zaqout, ha accusato le forze armate Israele di aver sequestrato gli sfollati. Secondo quanto riporta il Washington Post, Zaqout ha raccontato ad Al Jazeera che gli sfollati sono stati spogliati, ammanettati e bendati e portati in una destinazione non precisata.
I soldati israeliani hanno fatto irruzione nell’ospedale di al-Shifa sparando in aria e ordinando a tutti i maschi con più di 16 anni di consegnarsi. Secondo le testimonianze di chi era presente durante la presa della più grande struttura sanitaria di Gaza, divenuta da giorni il centro di feroci combattimenti urbani, circa mille palestinesi maschi, con le mani sopra la testa, sono stati condotti nel vasto cortile dell’ospedale, alcuni di loro denudati dai soldati che li controllavano alla ricerca di armi ed esplosivi.
Un giornalista di France Presse che ha visitato l’ospedale diversi giorni fa per interviste gli assediati ed è rimasto intrappolato dai combattimenti, riferisce che i soldati sparavano colpi di avvertimento mentre si spostavano da una stanza all’altra alla ricerca di miliziani di Hamas, perquisendo donne e bambini, alcuni dei quali erano in lacrime.
Zaqout ha riferito anche di non aver visto le forniture mediche che l’Idf dice di aver fornito all’ospedale, in particolare le incubatrici e il latte per i bambini.
Solo nelle vicinanze dell’ospedale c’è stato effettivamente uno scontro a fuoco. Ma nulla all’interno della struttura che era stata attaccata e additata dalle forze armate israeliane come il quartier generale di Hamas.
La notizia è confermata da un funzionario militare israeliano il quale ha riferito ai giornalisti che quattro combattenti palestinesi sono stati uccisi in uno scontro all’esterno e che non ci sono stati combattimenti all’interno del complesso ospedaliero. Lo stesso funzionario non ha specificato cosa sia stato trovato nell’ospedale, ma ha detto che le prove saranno presentate in seguito.
Hamas ha negato l’affermazione israeliano, definendola “nient’altro che una continuazione delle menzogne e della propaganda a buon mercato, attraverso le quali Israele sta cercando di dare una giustificazione per il suo crimine volto a distruggere il settore sanitario a Gaza“.
La Reuters riporta quanto affermato dal portavoce militare israeliano Richard Hecht, il quale ha rabberciato una dichiarazione affermando: “Sappiamo che c’è una notevole infrastruttura di Hamas nell’area, nelle vicinanze dell’ospedale. Potenzialmente sotto l’ospedale, ed è qualcosa su cui stiamo lavorando. Ci vorrà del tempo. Questa guerra è una guerra complessa”, ha detto Hecht. Per cucinare le menzogne di guerra
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نزدیک کنید تا حس شادابی و تازگی بیشتری را در کنار آرامش القا کند.
در بخش های اجتماعی تر و عمومی تر خانه رنگ سبز کمک به آرامش بیشتری خواهد کرد و باعث خواهد شد هنگام صرف وعده های خوراکی، استرس و فشار روزمره شما کاهش یابد و با اتصال به خانواده خود و گذراندن وقت در کنار آن ها به آرامش برسید.
استفاده از سبز در اتاق کار نیز بسیار توصیه شده است، چون اعتماد به نفس و خودباوری را در شما افزایش خواهد داد و کمک خواهد کرد که با تمرکز بالاتری کارهای خود را انجام داده و به موفقیت برسانید.
آبی:
تا زمان نگارش این مقاله طیف های رنگ آبی محبوب ترین رنگ ها برای طراحی داخلی فضای خانه و اتاق خواب هستند، البته جای تعجب هم ندارد، کسی را می شناسید که تماشای آسمان آبی یک روز آفتابی را دوست نداشته باشد؟
اکثر طراحان اعتقاد دارند که آبی یک رنگ خنک کننده و آرامش دهنده ی مناسب برای استراحت است، به جز مناطق سردسیر که به منظور گرم نگه داشتن فضا کمتر از رنگ های آبی استفاده می کنند در سایر نقاط جهان در بیشتر موارد تقریبا انتخاب اول طیف رنگی آبی خواهد بود.
رنگ آبی همچنین خلاقیت را تحریک می کند و در فضاهایی که رنگ غالب آن آبی باشد شما را به فکر کردن، خلاق بود و در نهایت نوآوری تشویق خواهد کرد. همچنین رنگ های آبی تیره تر اعتماد و صلح طلبی را به شما القا خواهد کرد.
برای اتاق کار شما رنگ آبی با ترکیبی جذاب از سبز می تواند شگفت انگیز باشد، کافی ست یک بار خصوصیاتی که از این دو رنگ به شما گفتیم را در کنار هم قرار دهید تا متوجه شوید چه خواهد شد.
بنفش:
شاید برای شما هم جای تعجب داشته باشد که چرا رنگ بنفش در طول تاریخ نماد تجمل و ثروت بوده است اما باید بگوییم که از نظر تاریخی بنفش گران ترین رنگ برای تولید بوده است و در برخی از دوره های زمانی تولید یک لباس بنفش رنگ ارزشی معادل تولید آن با طلا داشته است.
یکی از اولین خاستگاه های شناخته شده برای طیف رنگی بنفش شهر تایر Tyre در لبنان امروزی که در آن زمانی جزوی از امپراتوری روم بوده است.
جای تعجب نیست که هزینه ی بالای تولید باعث می شد که تنها طبقه ی حاکم می توانست از پس هزینه ی خرید و پوشیدن لباس هایی با رنگ بنفش برآیند و به این ترتیب برای قرن های متمادی نماد اشرافی گری و ثروت بوده است.
رنگ بنفش در طول تاریخ باستان تنها توسط اشراف امپراتوری روم، مصر و ایران باستان استفاده می شده است، همچنین کاهنان اعظم نیز پس از گذشت چند سال توانستند تا از لباس هایی با این رنگ استفاده کنند.
رنگ های خنثی
در مورد رنگ های خنثی نیاز داریم که یک مقاله جداگانه بنویسیم، در واقع ابتدا تصمیم این بود که تمامی طیف های رنگ در یک مطلب بررسی شود اما با توجه به طولانی شدن مطلب تصمیم گرفتیم در مورد رنگ های خنثی در مطلبی جداگانه صحبت کنیم.
از اینکه دیدگاه ارزشمند خود را در پایان این مقاله در بخش نظرات با ما به اشتراک می گذارید سپاسگذاریم.<|endoftext|>یکشنبه ۲۸ آبان ۱۳۹۶ ایران ۱۶:۱۸
دست کم ۵۳ نفر در اثر سونامی در جزاير ساموآ کشته شدند
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وقوع زمين لرزه ای به شدت ٨ درجه ريشتر در جنوب اقيانوس آرام دست کم ۵۳ کشته و صدها نفر زخمی در جزاير ساموا بر جای گذارده است.
شمار تلفات در ساموآی آمريکا دست کم ٢٢ نفر و در ساموا ۳۱ نفر گزارش شده است.
بلافاصله پس از زلزله، پاگوپاگو پايتخت ساموآی آمريکا را امواج سونامی به ارتفاع بيش از يک و نيم متر، فراگرفت. مسئول پارک جنگلی ساموآی آمريکا چهار موج سونامی تا ارتفاع شش متر را گزارش کرده است.
کاخ سفيد منطقه ساموای آمريکا را «آسيب ديده عمده» اعلام کرده است و کمک مالی فدرال در اختيار مقامات محلی قرار داده خواهد شد.
گزارش های محلی حاکی است که سونامی به ساختمان ها و اتومبيل ها در سواحل جزاير ساموا و ساموای آمريکا خسارات زيادی وارد آورده است.
بخش های غربی جزيره ساموا نيز دچار آسيب ديدگی بسيار شده است اما از شمار تلفات انسانی هنوز گزارشی نرسيده است خبرگزاری رويترز گزارش می دهد که احتمالاً تا حدود صد نفر تنها در ساموا کشته شده اند.
مرکز هشدار سونامی در اقيانوس آرام پيش بينی کرده بود سونامی از جزيره ساموآ تا نيوزيلند را در بر خواهد گرفت. اما اکنون هشدارهای اوليه لغو شده است.<|endoftext|>Fluoride is a naturally-occurring mineral found in most water sources. The most important role of fluoride in regards to your health is its ability to protect enamel and prevent cavities.
Before teeth even erupt from the gums, fluoride from food and supplements is working to strengthen the enamel layer so that emerging teeth will be strong and ready to use. After teeth erupt, fluoride helps rebuild weakened enamel—a process known as remineralization. When you eat or drink food that contains fluoride, a small portion of fluoride remains in your saliva, constantly bathing your enamel.
The best way to take in more fluoride is to drink fluoridated water. The Centers for Disease Control found that people who regularly consume fluoridated water reduce their risk of tooth decay by at least 25 percent. However, some filtration systems remove fluoride before it reaches your tap, so you may have to purchase fluoridated water. Another possibility is fluoride toothpaste and mouthwash that bear the ADA Seal of Acceptance. You may also receive a fluoride application by your dentist or a prescription for fluoride supplements (prescribed for children age six months to 16 years).
If you live in a fluoride-scarce area and/or wish to know which method of fluoride consumption is best for you, contact Dr. Norman B. Fine at 864-299-5900. At Fine Periodontics (located in Greenville, South Carolina), we do everything we can to help you achieve your best dental health.<|endoftext|> جستجو کنید دوره های تحصیلی را آموزش عمومی 2019 سیدنی و بریتانیا
البته مطالعه از یک موضوع خاص در یک موضوع گسترده تر است و پایه و اساس یک مدرک است. البته نمونه شامل سخنرانی ها، ارزیابی و آموزش.
برنامه های آموزشی عمومی به طور کلی هدف از ارائه دانش آموزان به دانش پایه جامع در مهارت های زندگی و دانش جهانی است. دانش آموزانی که این برنامه را کامل می کنند اغلب به دنبال کار در سطح ابتدایی هستند یا تحصیلات خود را در یک موضوع خاص ادامه می دهند.
آموزش و پرورش در انگلستان یک ماده محول با هر یک از کشورهای انگلستان داشتن سیستم های جداگانه تحت دولت متفاوت است: دولت بریتانیا مسئول انگلستان است، و دولت اسکاتلند، دولت ویلز و ایرلند شمالی اجرایی مسئول اسکاتلند ، ولز و ایرلند شمالی بود.
با مدارس عالی تماس بگیرید از دوره های تحصیلی را آموزش عمومی سیدنی از بریتانیا 2019
2نتایج درآموزش عمومی, England Filter
راهنماهای مفید ما شامل طیف گسترده ای از مهارت های نرم و توسعه شخصی کتاب های الکترونیک، بسته بندی شده پر از راهنمایی، مشاوره، تمرین و ابزار.
در بازار امروز بسیار رقابتی و جهانی شده، کارفرمایان انتخاب بیشتری از متقاضیان دارند و به کسانی که مهارت های کارآفرینی خوبی دارند، ترجیح می دهند. شما نیاز دارید نه تنها برای اطمینان از اینکه عملکرد خوب در یک برنامه معین مربوطه را نیز تامین کنید، همچنین نیاز به آماده شدن برای چالش ها و فرصت هایی که در انتظار تحصیلات تکمیلی و انتقال به نیروی کار جهانی است، خواهید بود.<|endoftext|>一，50016-2014 5．1．1
民用建筑根据其建筑高度和层数可分为单、多层民用建筑和高层民用建筑。高层民用建筑根据其建筑高度、使用功能和楼层的建筑面积可分为一类和二类。民用建筑的分类应符合表5．1．1的规定。
表5．1．1 民用建筑的分类
注：1 表中未列入的建筑，其类别应根据本表类比确定。2 除本规范另有规定外，宿舍、公寓等非住宅类居住建筑的防火要求，应符合本规范有关公共建筑的规定。3 除本规范另有规定外，裙房的防火要求应符合本规范有关高层民用建筑的规定。
(对于高层住宅建筑，以54m划分为一类和二类。对于公共建筑，本规范以24m作为区分多层和高层公共建筑的标准。在高层建筑中将性质重要、火灾危险性大、疏散和扑救难度大的建筑定为一类。例如，将医疗建筑划为一类，主要考虑了建筑中有不少人员行动不便、疏散困难，建筑内发生火灾易致人员伤亡。表中“一类”第2项中的“其他多种功能组合”，指公共建筑中具有两种或两种以上的公共使用功能，不包括住宅与公共建筑组合建造的情况。)
二，50016-2014 5．1．3 (强)
民用建筑的耐火等级应根据其建筑高度、使用功能、重要性和火灾扑救难度等确定，并应符合下列规定：
1 地下或半地下建筑(室)和一类高层建筑的耐火等级不应低于一级；
2 单、多层重要公共建筑和二类高层建筑的耐火等级不应低于二级。
三，50016-2014 5．5．12 (强)
一类高层公共建筑和建筑高度大于32m的二类高层公共建筑，其疏散楼梯应采用防烟楼梯间。
裙房和建筑高度不大于32m的二类高层公共建筑，其疏散楼梯应采用封闭楼梯间。
注：当裙房与高层建筑主体之间设置防火墙时，裙房的疏散楼梯可按本规范有关单、多层建筑的要求确定。
四，50016-2014 7．3．1(强）下列建筑应设置消防电梯：
1 建筑高度大于33m的住宅建筑；
2 一类高层公共建筑和建筑高度大于32m的二类高层公共建筑；
3 设置消防电梯的建筑的地下或半地下室，埋深大于10m且总建筑面积大于3000m2的其他地下或半地下建筑(室)。<|endoftext|>Female Pronghorns usually give birth to twins, with young females often giving birth to a single fawn. Pronghorn can reach speeds of 50 mph/80.5 kph and are North America’s fastest mammal.
Pronghorn are ungulates (hoofed mammal). They are similar in size and build to deer. Pronghorn have tan fur, white on belly and rump, two white stripes on the breast. Both males and females have a pair of horns. Females have small horns, while males have horns that are slightly curved, 10-12 in/20-30 cm in length, with single forward-projecting prong. They shed the sheath (outer part of the horn) annually. Pronghorn have large eyes and excellent vision. Pronghorn breed from late summer to fall, with fawns born in May–June.
Pronghorn antelope are a common sight in prairies from southern Saskatchewan to northern Mexico deserts, and from California shrub steppe to Nebraska prairie. Usually found in small bands. Large winter herds disperse in spring to form separate bachelor and female-kid groups through the summer. Some cold-climate populations migrate from one seasonal-use area to another, using the same routes each year. Migrating populations may travel 200 mi/320 km or more to leave areas of deep snow. Southern herds show localized movement but seldom migrate.
Females usually give birth to twins, with young females often giving birth to a single fawn. Pronghorn can reach speeds of 50 mph/80.5 kph and are North America’s fastest mammal.
Pronghorn typically inhabit low, rolling, expansive prairies and sagebrush flats with slopes <10%. Pronghorn require open prairie, areas dominated by grasses and forbs with interspersed with low shrubs, that provides long-range visibility. Natural obstacles such as deep canyons, wide rivers and densely wooded areas can impede movements. Fences, highways, and urban development further restrict movement. Ground cover in grasslands ranges between 60-80% living vegetation (grasses & forbs) with 20 – 40% bare ground, litter or rock. In shrub steppe, desert, and semidesert grassland habitats, preferred cover is >50% living vegetation and <50% bare ground, rock, litter. Forbs are an important forage resource during late winter and early spring with higher quality forage for fawn development. Throughout the range for pronghorn, shrub cover between 5 – 40%, and vegetation 10-18 in/25 – 46 cm in height is preferred. Does seek taller shrubs and grasses and other cover for fawning. Pronghorn also require readily accessible water and are often found within 3mi/6km of water.
Management Activities that Benefit Species – Best Management Practices (BMPs)
Grazing management that varies grazing intensity and season of you will benefit pronghorn. Actions that lead to a diversity of forbs and shrubs, as well as habitat diversity are beneficial. For example, prescribed fire should be applied when weather and vegetation will promote a cool burn that may decrease shrubs, and not harm grasses or forbs. As pronghorn require access to water, maintaining springs/seeps and water developments is beneficial in maintaining access during critical times. Protect playas for drinking water and nutritious forage. As pronghorn will often go under fences, where possible, install wildlife friendly fencing that has a smooth bottom wire at least 16 in/41 cm from the ground, (18in/46 cm is better) and the top wire should be no higher than 40 in/101.5 cm. Seasonally leaving gates open can improve movement through the landscape. Consider if a permanent fence is required to meet management goals and if so, placement should consider established wildlife movement patterns, topography and access to important habitat.
Management Activities to Avoid
As pronghorn have evolved in an open landscape with no vertical barriers, they can easily get injured trying to jump over or go under barbed wire fences. Avoid installing incompatible fencing such as 4-wire barbed wire or woven mesh as this style of fence more than doubles mortalities. Recently weaned fawns are particularly vulnerable to mortality when they are unable to cross through a fence. If managing an area for reduced shrub densities, avoid treating large (>5,000 ac/2,025 ha) portions of the habitat.
Other Species that Benefit from Similar Habitat Management
Other species that benefit from management for pronghorn include mule deer, swift fox, greater sage-grouse, western meadowlark and other grassland species. Wildlife friendly fences are good for deer, elk, black bears and many other species.
Howard, Janet L. 1995. Antilocapra americana. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer).
International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). 2019. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2019-3. Pronghorn antelope
Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks. 2012. A Landowner’s Guide to Wildlife Friendly Fences: How to build a fence with wildlife in mind, 2nd Edition.
NatureServe. 2019. NatureServe Explorer: An online encyclopedia of life [web application]. Version 7.1. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia. Pronghorn antelope
Yoakum, J. D., P. F. Jones, J. Cancino, R. J. Guenzel, R. Seidler, A. Munguia-Vega, I. Cassaigne, and M. Culver. 2014. Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies’ Pronghorn Workshop and New Mexico Department of Game and Fish, Santa Ana Pueblo, New Mexico. Pronghorn management guides. Fifth edition.
Photo Credit: Larry Lamsa / Flickr<|endoftext|>Yargıç, büyük jürinin Graham’a 2020 seçimlerine müdahale iddiasıyla ilgili sorabileceği soruları kısıtladı.
ABD federal yargıcı, Cumhuriyetçi Senatör Lindsey Graham’a soruları yanıtlamasını emretti. Georgia eyaleti tarafından soruşturma eski Başkan Donald Trump’ın 2020 seçimlerinin sonuçlarını bozma çabalarında, ancak aranabileceklerin kapsamını sınırladı.
23 sayfalık bir kararla Perşembe günü, ABD Bölge Yargıcı Leigh Martin May, Graham’ın Gürcistan dışişleri bakanıyla yaptığı tüm çağrıların reddedildiği iddiasını reddetti. Brad Raffensperger ABD Anayasası’nın, Kongre üyelerini resmi yasama eylemleriyle ilgili sorulardan koruyan “konuşma veya tartışma” maddesiyle korunuyorlardı.
Ancak, Graham’ın avukatlarıyla, çağrıların özellikle “Gürcistan’daki mevcut seçim prosedürleri ve onay oylamasından önce seçmen sahtekarlığı iddiaları” ile ilgili bölümleri için yasal korumanın geçerli olduğu konusunda hemfikirdi; işaret ettiği kısımlar “yasal gerçekler – bulgu” idi.
Yargıç, büyük jürinin Graham’ı, eyalet seçim yetkililerini, “oy pusulalarını atmakGraham ve Trump kampanyası arasında var olabilecek herhangi bir koordinasyonun yanı sıra.
Graham’ın ofisi karar hakkında hemen yorum yapmadı veya temyize gitmeyi planlayıp planlamadığını belirtmedi. Perşembe günkü karara rağmen, davada devam eden temyiz başvuruları, senatörün yakında ortaya çıkmadığı anlamına geliyor.
Ancak yargıcın kararı, Trump’ın Kongre’deki en iyi mü
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ریس میکند. توصیه من این است که در هر حرفهای با هر فیلمسازی در هر سطحی همکاری کردید در کار بههیچعنوان تعارف نداشته باشید و کوتاه نیایید. رابطه من با او اینگونه نبود که چون او لوئیس بونوئل بود و شناختهشده، پس من باید هرچه او میگوید انجام دهم و تائید کنم.<|endoftext|>Inserire l'estremità maschio 3,5 mm del cavo audio nella " out" porta sul lato del vostro computer portatile . Questa porta è in genere utilizzato per le cuffie . È possibile trovare un maschio da 3,5 mm a cavo maschio da 1/4 di pollice nella maggior parte dei negozi di elettronica . Alcuni di questi cavi hanno due cavi di collegamento 3,5 millimetri ; se si dispone di uno di questi cavi , è sufficiente collegare uno dei due cavi nel computer portatile .
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Collegare l' estremità maschio da 1/4 di pollice del cavo nella porta line-in sul vostro amplificatore per chitarra .
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Accendere l'amplificatore , quindi iniziare a riprodurre l'audio dal vostro computer portatile . Con un cavo collegato alla porta cuffie , tutto l'audio è focalizzata nel vostro amplificatore , e nessun audio dai diffusori portatili .
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Regolare il volume di riproduzione del computer attraverso i controlli amp sulla parte superiore dell'amplificatore .<|endoftext|>Contrary to what is sometimes said, in South Africa the past is not past; it is still a strong presence in people’s lives. It is not possible to understand the present without understanding the past. Forgiving does not mean forgetting.
History is often written from the perspective of the oppressor or the powerful. As the saying goes, “Tales of hunting often glorify the hunter.” When we write about South Africa, it is important to tell history from the perspective of the majority, those whose voices were suppressed until the end of apartheid. AMAGAMA ENKULULEKO sets forth a representative sample of the voices of the majority’s struggle for liberation.
This book includes short stories, essays, biographies, and poetry. The contributors give voice to the painful experiences of the majority from early colonialism to later apartheid.
In terms of contemporary stories, we have to be careful not to hear only the voices and perspectives of the powerful in the new order, men who have an outsized platform to tell us about their role in the liberation struggle to the exclusion of smaller organizations and the many ordinary, unaffiliated people who contributed to the struggle against apartheid, often with their lives. This collection includes the contributions of people from many parts of South African society.
The book is organized around six themes: Colonialism and Racial Capitalism, The Making of Apartheid, Black Spots and Forced Removals, Repression and Political Quiet, Black Consciousness and the Soweto Uprising, and Emergency and Revolt. Each section begins by grounding the reader with a useful general historical context and explaining the meaning and importance of the theme.
The writing is generally powerful and touching. It is also in places very painful, but this is not surprising, considering the context. Pain does not, however, dim the hope and inspiration that informed the liberation struggle.
Writing about the early colonization period in a poem titled ‘They’re Stealing Our Cattle On Misty Plains!’ Nontsizi Mgqwetho wrote,
They’re stealing our cattle on misty plains!
The white man’s bounty lies in Africa.
The cause of our tribulation.
And so we die.
Adelaide Charles Dube wrote,
Despair of thee I never will,
Struggle I must for freedom – God’s great gift. (43)
Writing in 1929 in a story about miners, RRR Dhlomo wrote,
‘Hau, didn’t you hear that Boss said to Stimela. “There are many Kaffirs in the compound”? Ho! Ho! You don’t know the white people!’
And they went out to dig Masaba’s grave (23.
About Pretoria, the administrative capital during the early years of apartheid, the brilliant journalist Nat Nakasa wrote:
There were many things that caught my attention immediately, like the benches in the City Hall gardens which are apparently set aside for whites only but which do not have the familiar ‘Whites only’ sign painted on them. Apparently Pretoria takes it for granted that no black man would ever dream of sitting on them.
But it was something else which struck me most forcibly. This was that the Afrikaner people of Pretoria seem to be more at home than anywhere else in the country. They seem to walk with a particular kind of dignity, confidence and sense of pride on the pavements of Pretoria.
The non-whites on the other hand are different. There is a shuffle in their walk and they carry about with them an air of uncertainty, even apprehensiveness, as though they are wondering what the next day has in store for them (69).
There are also glossaries embedded in each section explaining words and concepts that may be unfamiliar to today’s readers. At the end of each selection are questions for discussion or to facilitate further reflection, plus writing suggestions. The short biographical sketches of the major contributors are interesting.
AMAGAMA ENKULULEKO! is a teacher’s and learner’s delight. It is well-organized and presented in a way that is bound to facilitate learning. This book is highly recommended for general readers and especially for teachers and learners.
Lesego Malepe, Ph.D. Independent scholar
Published in Africa Access Review (February 23, 2017)
Copyright 2017 Africa Access<|endoftext|>Halloween is approaching, a time for many to stock up on candy, pick out costumes, and deck their halls with spooky decor. But is this extremely popular tradition (especially in the United States) the devil's night, a literal satanic and occult extravaganza? Or is Halloween a harmless celebration?
Many Christians raise questions and express concerns about holidays that have some historical connection, at least in terms of dates, to ancient pagan beliefs and practices. Some refuse to allow their children to participate in Halloween celebrations. Others would like to abolish the event. Addressing common questions about this scary holiday may alleviate some of the concerns surrounding this controversial cultural issue.
Isn't the origin of Halloween connected to an ancient form of paganism?
Like the dates of a number of major holidays (including Christmas), Halloween can be traced, at least in part, to an ancient pagan celebration. The winter festival "Samhain" was celebrated on or near October 31st by the ancient Celts. Samhain was a pagan tradition that commemorated the end of harvest, the beginning of winter, and the recognition of the physical cycle of death, which included crops, animals, and humans.
In conjunction with this festival, many pagans believed that the human spirits of the recent dead would not pass on to their final resting place in the next world until being placated with gifts. The restless spirits' "tricks" could be avoided only if appropriately "treated," thus originated the present-day Halloween practice of children dressing up like spirits and arriving at the front door chanting (or demanding) "Trick or Treat."
But while Halloween has distant connections to ancient pagan beliefs and practices, the holiday has also been strongly influenced by Christian belief and practices. The word "Halloween" comes from "All Hallows' Eve," a reference to the evening before the Christian celebration of All Saints' Day (November 1st). The so-called hall of fame for the faithful in the book of Hebrews (11:1-40) initiated All Saints' Day, which was (and is) devoted to remembering Christian believers who have died, sometimes suffering as martyrs.
By overlapping this practice of honoring and thanking God for the example of faithful believers with the Samhain festival, the church attempted to counteract heathen thought and influence. This was especially true in areas of Europe where Samhain was popular. Christian apologists Bob and Gretchen Passantino note the church's apologetic reasons for doing so: "The Church not only sought to give Christians an alternative, spiritually edifying holiday; but also to proclaim the supremacy of the gospel over pagan superstition."1 Historically, Halloween has been influenced by both pagan practices and Christian devotion.2 Therefore, to view Halloween as only a pagan holiday is inaccurate.
Since the origin of Halloween is tied, at least to some degree, to pagan beliefs and practices, shouldn't Christians avoid any involvement with its celebration (e.g., avoid having their children go trick-or-treating)?
Christians need to use good reasoning to support their moral and/or spiritual convictions. Drawing and applying biblical inferences to life's questions and challenges takes intellectual skill and care. To condemn the practice of trick-or-treating outright on the basis that Halloween has certain pagan origins is, in this author's mind, to come perilously close to committing the genetic fallacy.
The genetic fallacy is committed when an idea, person, practice, or institution is evaluated solely in terms of its origin, without giving appropriate consideration to how it has changed or evolved in contemporary practice.3 For example, one would be foolish to reject the scientific discipline of astronomy because its origins were connected to the ancient occult practice of astrology. Why? Because the practice of astronomy has changed significantly over time. While the Bible expressly forbids a believer's involvement in certain pagan and/or occult practices (Deut. 18:9-13), for the vast majority of American families Halloween has nothing to do with the practice of, or belief in, occultism. Rather, this celebration gives children an opportunity to dress up in funny, spooky, and/or outrageous costumes and accumulate candy by the pillowcase full (a little known metric measurement).
Aren't many of the seemingly benign practices of Halloween directly connected to paganism and occultism?
Christians have a biblical mandate to discern what is evil and resist and/or avoid its influence. However, to what extent should one go to avoid evil people and their practices? And to what extent are practices evil in themselves?
Since Adolf Hitler brushed his teeth, should one rather knock one's teeth out to avoid any association with an evil person and his practices? Could practices that were once associated with pagan superstition (such as carving pumpkins and bobbing for apples) be purely benign for people with a totally different motivation and intent? Should one avoid eating meat (especially lean and inexpensive meat) that has been offered to idols, even if one is convinced the idols don't really exist? The apostle Paul assured the first-century Christians that they could eat such meat in good conscience knowing that the idols were not real.4
Doesn't participation in Halloween open a door to the occult?
According to the Bible, the world of the occult is real and energized by demonic powers. This realm therefore must be recognized and resisted by Christians. Spiritual beliefs and practices bear consequences in this world and in the next. However, this author distinguishes a clear difference between the real occult practices of spiritism, magic, and divination and the contemporary practice of trick-or-treating, carving pumpkins, and bobbing for apples. The door of the occult world must be entered through human interest and initiative. General Halloween practices engaged in by most people do not draw them into occult activities.
The intent here is not to engage in hairsplitting over potentially dangerous activities but rather to make logical and moral distinctions. Of course, if any Halloween practice is perceived as violating one's conscience and commitment to biblical truth then that person should rightly abstain.
Isn't the apparently harmless practice of trick-or-treating really a subtle concession to and promotion of an occult worldview?
Again, one must follow his or her conscience on the matter, but this author finds it hard to believe that the systematic collection of candy in a given neighborhood by "Spider-Man" and his "Rugrat" friends constitutes the promotion of an occult worldview or spiritistic racketeering. Personally, it seems difficult not to heartily treat a young child dressed up as "Captain America" or "G.I. Joe." Even the recognized Christian authority on cults and the occult, Walter Martin, said: "If Big Bird comes to my door, he's definitely going to get a treat."
Doesn't the present-day practice of Halloween carry a strong association with dark occult images?
When images are offensive, one should by all means avoid them. But is the use of all dark images in every context wrong? How about the use of dark images in the realm of literature? Was it wrong of C.S. Lewis and J.R.R. Tolkien (both Christian writers) to include dark images (witches, monsters, etc.) in their writings? At what point does a Halloween costume become a dark image that should be avoided? Again, this is largely a matter of conscience.
Suggestions for Christians when it comes to Halloween
Put the arguments and conclusions found in this article to the test of Scripture, reason, and conscience (1 Thess. 5:21) and accept or reject them accordingly.
Consider that not everything is a morally black-and-white issue for Christians. Halloween may be a gray area. Therefore, allow Christians to follow their own conscience on the issue. Avoid the temptation to judge those who hold different convictions on secondary issues.
Whatever is decided about Halloween, try to avoid using bad arguments to support moral convictions. Using sound arguments to support convictions carries great weight with others.
If trick-or-treating violates a Christian's conscience, alternative events (fall parties or celebrations of All Saints' Day) allow children to view Christianity as a religion that permits them to have fun. Sinful activities should always be avoided, but be careful that children do not develop a "party-pooper" view of God.
Use Halloween as an opportunity to discuss how Christian families should confront questionable cultural practices. Discuss the worldview differences between classical paganism and Christianity.
Different people do have different ideas about whether or not to celebrate Halloween. However, one thing is certain. October 31st not only commemorates All Hallows' Eve, but also honors Martin Luther's protesting of certain medieval Catholic beliefs and practices, which sparked the 16th century Reformation. And, the central truth of the gospel can be celebrated in a variety of ways every day of the year-even on Halloween.
- Bob and Gretchen Passantino, "What about Halloween?" available from www.answers.org/issues/halloween.html; Internet; accessed 26 March 2002.
Answers In Action, a ministry that specializes in the study of cults and the occult, offers a thoughtful, balanced, and informative treatment of the subject of Halloween from an evangelical Christian perspective.
- Britannica Junior Encyclopedia, vol. 7 (Chicago: William Benton, 1967), s.v. "Halloween."
- See T. Edward Damer, Attacking Faulty Reasoning, 3d ed. (Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, 1995), 36-37.
- 1 Cor 8:1-13.<|endoftext|>به گزارش تابناک ایلام؛ در این مراسم «مهدی رمضانی»، معاون توسعه کتابخانه ها و ترویج کتابخوانی نهاد کتابخانه های عمومی کشور، با تقدیر از فعالیت های بی وقفه پرسنل و کتابداران کتابخانه های عمومی در این ایام گفت: همه گیری ویروس کرونا و محدویت های ناشی از آن شرایطی ویژه برای کشور ایجاد کرده و تاثیر آن بر کتابخانه های عمومی جدی تر است. بنابراین تلاش های فراوانی صورت گرفته که ارائه خدمات این مراکز با وقفه مواجه نشود.
وی افزود: گسترش فعالیت کتابخانه های عمومی در فضای مجازی راهکاری مناسب جهت جلوگیری از آسیب های ناشی از کرونا بوده است که در صورت غفلت از آن، کتاب به عنوان یک کالای ارزشمند فرهنگی از سبد نیازهای مردم حذف می شد.
رمضانی تصریح کرد: با تلاش همکاران سراسر کشور فعالیت های متنوع فرهنگی مانند نشست کتابخوانی، معرفی کتاب، نشست های محافل ادبی و پویش های متعدد در بستر فضای مجازی برگزار شده است و این نشان از اهتمام و التزام مجموعه نهاد کتابخانه های عمومی کشور به امر خدمت رسانی و غلبه بر مشکلات و شرایط بحرانی است.
معاون توسعه کتابخانه ها و ترویج کتابخوانی نهاد کتابخانه های عمومی کشور در بخش دیگری از سخنان خود، گفت: وضعیت استان های کشور از نظر امکانات، منابع مالی و شرایط محیطی و فرهنگی متفاوت است. بنابراین تلاش ما این اساس است که این گونه موارد باعث ایجاد تبعیض در ارائه خدمات نشود و در جاهایی که کمبودهایی وجود دارد، توجه نهاد کتابخانه های عمومی کشور در جهت رفع موانع بیشتر است و این حرکتی ارزنده در راستای تحقق عدالت اجتماعی است.
وی در ادامه در خصوص میزان سرانه مطالعه، اظهار کرد: میزان سرانه مطالعه یکی از موارد چالش برانگیزی است که بارها از سوی رسانه ها، فعالین و نخبگان فرهنگی مطرح شده است اما به دلیل نبود پارامترهایی که مبنای دسترسی به منابع اطلاعاتی در این زمینه را فراهم کند، تعیین میزان سرانه مطالعه با مشکل مواجه است؛ هرچند این مورد در حیطه وظایف ما نیست بلکه متولی اصلی آن سازمان آمار کشور است.
معروف بسطامی، معاون توسعه منابع انسانی استانداری ایلام نیز گفت: با وجود محدودیت های ناشی از کرونا، فعالیت کتابخانه های عمومی به صورت گسترده ای در فضای مجازی برگزار می شود و این نشان از پویایی این مجموعه ارزشمند فرهنگی دارد.
وی اظهار کرد: توسعه زیرساخت های دولت الکترونیکی نیاز اساسی است و تجربه این ایام برای ما اثبات کرد که بی توجهی به امور زیربنایی باعث چالش های بزرگ می شود اما خوشبختانه کتابخانه های عمومی بر این مشکلات غلبه کردند و با وجود کمبودها فعالیت های خود را در فضای مجازی انجام می دهند.
بسطامی تاکید کرد: توسعه کتابخانه های عمومی در استان ایلام رضایت بخش است و این امر ناشی از تلاش های بی وقفه مسئولین و کتابداران کتابخانه های عمومی و همچنین نگاه مثبت مسئولین و مدیران ارشد استان به مقوله فرهنگ بوده و نتیجه آن افتتاح سالانه چند باب کتابخانه عمومی در نقاط مختلف است.
معاون توسعه منابع انسانی استانداری ایلام، اضافه کرد: سازمان مدیریت و برنامه ریزی استان تخصیص اعتبارات پروژه های کتابخانه ای را به صورت صد در صد انجام داده است و این امر باعث می شود سرانه فضای مطالعه در سال جاری حتی بالاتر از نرم های کشوری قرار گیرد.
وی گفت: کتابخانه های عمومی نهاد عمومی غیر دولتی محسوب می شوند که به دلیل عدم وجود منابع پایدار درآمدی با مشکلات عدیده ای مواجه هستند و این ضعف بزرگی است که آینده کتابخوانی و مطالعه عمومی در جامعه ما را تهدید می کند. بنابراین باید برای دفع خطرات ناشی از این وضعیت به صورت جدی چاره جویی کرد.
بسطامی افزود: نبود آمار و ارقام درست در زمینه میزان سرانه مطالعه در کشور نقص بزرگی در زمینه مدیریتی است و نبود داده ها و اطلاعات موثق مشکلی بر سر راه برنامه ریزی است. بنابراین ما آمادگی داریم در سطح استان ایلام پروژه ای تحقیقاتی و علمی جهت بدست آوردن آمار و اطلاعات لازم در زمینه سرانه کتابخوانی و مشکلات پیرامون آن تامین مالی کنیم.
سمیه حیدری، مدیرکل کتابخانه های عمومی استان ایلام در این مراسم ، اظهار کرد: کتابخانه های عمومی در خط مقدم خدمتگزاری عرصه کتابخوانی قرار دارند و این مسئولیت بزرگ به همت کتابداران و همراهی اعضای کتابخانه ها و دوستداران کتاب محقق می شود.
وی با تقدیر از حمایت های بی دریغ دبیرکل و همکاران وی در نهاد
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tries produced embryos. At first they couldn’t get the cells to multiply. But it turned out that if the researchers waited two hours — instead of 30 minutes — before trying to coax the cells, it worked.
“We have reaffirmed that it is possible to generate patient-specific stem cells using [this] technology,” Chung said.
Shoukhrat Mitalipov, director of the Center for Embryonic Cell and Gene Therapy at Oregon Health & Science University, developed the method that Chung’s group built upon. He emphasized that the work involves eggs that have not been fertilized.
“There will always be opposition to embryonic research, but the potential benefits are huge,” Mitalipov said.
Seventeen years ago, news about Dolly’s birth led to impassioned calls for a ban on human cloning for the purpose of producing a baby who is a genetic copy of someone else. Several countries took measures to limit or outlaw such work. But in the United States, the issue became entangled in the politics of abortion, and Congress became deadlocked. Some lawmakers called for a ban on reproductive human cloning, but others refused to support such legislation unless it included a ban on human cloning whether it was for the purposes of reproduction or for the development of new therapies.
President George W. Bush brokered a compromise of sorts, restricting federal funding from stem cell research that results in harm to a human embryo.
At least 15 states have laws addressing human cloning. About half of them ban both reproductive and therapeutic cloning.
Since embryonic stem cell research began to take off 15 years ago, one of the main challenges scientists have faced is getting the material for their experiments. Many had been getting the cells from embryos left over from fertility treatments, but religious groups such as the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops vehemently objected to this, arguing that it involves killing a human being because the research involved fertilized eggs.
About seven years ago, scientists discovered they could use a different, molecular approach, called induced pluripotent stem cells, that could turn ordinary cells into stem cells without the need for an egg. While this technique did not present the same ethical issues, researchers soon found that some of the new cells had glitches, and there is still debate over how significant the flaws are. The research conducted by Mitalipov and Chung provides a second way of producing those cells through laboratory techniques.<|endoftext|>Jacob Kedmi - statista israeliano, scienziato politico. 7 anni ha diretto l'agenzia "Nativ". Evgeny Satanovsky è uno dei massimi esperti nel campo della politica in Israele, nei paesi del Vicino e Medio Oriente. Gli esperti hanno discusso dei problemi dei rifugiati in Europa, dello sviluppo economico della Russia e del futuro dell'Europa.
PS Il programma è stato girato circa un anno. In parallelo, il libro è stato scritto, è già stato pubblicato in Russia. I film sono stati proiettati in Israele. Ora sono mostrati in Russia.<|endoftext|>پلیس محلی گفت: در پی انحراف و برخورد دیواره یک اتوبوس مسافربری و برخورد به دیوار در یک اتوبان نزدیک به شهر زوریخ سوئیس ، حداقل یک نفر کشته و 44 نفر زخمی شدند.
حداقل ده نفر از مسافران مصدوم در این حادثه توریست روس بودند. ملیت مسافر زن کشته شده در تصادف هنوز مشخص نشده است.
این اتوبوس از جنوای ایتالیا به سمت دوسلدورف آلمان در حرکت بود.<|endoftext|>نارنجی: تا به حال کیوسک های شارژ تلفن مختلفی ساخته شده و در این بین، اکثر آنها آنقدر ساده هستند که فرد مجبور است در مدت زمان لازم برای شارژ تلفنش، بالای سرش بایستد و از آن مراقبت کند. اما حالا ساکنان نیویورک یک کیوسک امن دارند. شرکت BrightBox دارد کیوسک هایی را در کلوپ ها، خیابان ها و کافه ها و سایر جاهای عمومی نصب می کند که واقعاً نمی شود از آنها چشم پوشی کرد.
این کیوسک همان طور که مشاهده می کنید، دارای قفسه هایی است که قرار نیست کیف یا چیز دیگری در آن به امانت بسپارید بلکه در عوض، تلفن شما آن داخل به شارژ متصل می شود و با قفل کردن در قفسه، می توانید بروید برای خودتان یک نوشیدنی سفارش دهید یا اینکه چند مغازه آن طرف تر، خرید کنید و دغدغه دزدیده شدن تلفن تان را هم نداشته باشید.
این شرکت که در سال 2010 تأسیس شده موج اول گسترش کیوسک ها را از نیویورک شروع کرده و تا الآن 100 کیوسک در مناطق مختلف نصب کرده و قرار است در سال 2013، کار خود را به ایستگاه های متروی اصلی گسترش دهد. همچنین 20 کیوسک هم در هایپر مارکت های نیوجرسی، کانکتیکات و سایر بخش های نیویورک نصب خواهد کرد.
قرار است اپلیکیشن های iOS و اندروید نیز به زودی ارائه شوند تا مردم بتوانند نزدیک ترین کیوسک را بر اساس موقعیت خود بیایند. وقتی تلفن خود را در قفسه قرار دهید، با کارت اعتباری مبلغ مورد نظر را پرداخت می کنید و تلفن شما در امنیت کامل، شارژ می شود.<|endoftext|>Manchester United'ın yeni menajeri olan Portekizli çalıştırıcı Jose Mourinho, kadrodaki Alman orta saha oyuncusu Bastian Schweinsteiger'i kadroda düşünmüyor. 2018 yılına kadar Kırmızı Şeytanlar ile sözleşmesi olan 31 yaşındaki orta saha oyuncusunun, Fenerbahçe'ye gidebileceği iddia edildi.
Mirror'ın haberine göre geçen sezon Premier Lig'de sadece 18 maçta forma giyebilen Bastian Schweinsteiger'in takımdan ayrılması kesinleşti. 114 kez Almanya Milli Takımı formasını giyen Schweinsteiger, 23 gol attı. Tam bir kupa kolleksiyoncusus olan tecrübeli orta saha oyuncusunun Dünya Kupası, Şampiyonlar Ligi şampiyonluğu, 8 kez Almanya Şampiyonluğu, 7 kez almanya Kupası şampiyonluğu bulunuyor.<|endoftext|>کتابهایی که ترجیح میدهند معرفی نشوند!-2
-اتاق تو...اصلاً میتونم بگم اتاق من، نه، میتونم بگم: اتاقمان! نه؟ چه خوب است، چقدر "اتاقمان" کلمهء شورانگیزی است مثل "خدایان" است!
-آره، اتاقمان؟
-آره، از پله ها با هم میریم بالا، تو چمدان ها دستت است، من هم یک چمدان دستم است، طبقهء پنجم، خسته میرسیم دم در آپارتمان، آپارتمان کوچک، یک اتاق بزرگ، یک حمام کوچک، یک آشپزخانه، یک دستشویی تو اتاق و ... همین طور است؟ خوب یادم هست؟ تو کاغذت آن را برایم وصف کرده بودی؟ ها... میریم، میرسیم دم در آپارتمان، تو دست هات بند است، به من میگی دستت رو بکن تو جیب راست بارونیم، کلید آپارتمان را بردار در را باز کن! من هم دستم رو میبرم تو جیب چپ بارونی تو و میگردم و پیدا نمیکنم، همه اش کبریت است و سیگار و یک دستمال و یک عینک دودی... اما کلید نیست و من در قیافه ات مینگرم میبینم خاموش ایستاده ای و میخندی و من کنجکاوانه میپرسم که پس کو؟ و تو با خونسردی که گویی هیچ عجله نداری و اصلاً باز بدجنسی ات گل کرده که مرا سر بدوانی و مثل اینکه دلت بخواد دستم را هم ببرم توی همهء جیب های بارونی و کتت و جیب ژِیلتت، میگی من گفتم تو جیب راست، این جیب راسته؟ و بعد من سرم از دست مردم آزاری خوب تو تکان میدهم و دستم را میبرم تا ته جیب بارونیت، جیب راست و هی میگردم و میبینم جز یک مشت پول خرده و ساعت مچی ات که هیچ وقت به مچت ندیده اند چیزی نیست و باز در قیافه ات خیره میشوم و میبینم لبخند خاطر جمع بدجنسانه ات را زود جمع کردی و اخم هات را ریختی تو پیشانی و ابروهات که یعنی پس کجا است و بعد میگویی: ببخشید، ها... تو جیب ژیلتم است و ناچار دکمه های بارونی ات را وا میکنم و لبه هاش را کنار میزنم و بعد میرسم به کتت و ناچار دکمه های کتت را که هر سه اش بسته است وا میکنم و چون خسته شده ام، چمدان را از دست چپم میگذارم زمین و با هر دو دست لبهء کتت را هم پس میزنم تا میرسم به ژیلت و به هر دو طرف نگاه میکنم ببینم جیبش کجا است و هر چه نگاه میکنم میبینم اصلاً ژیلتت جیب ندارد و در چهره ات خیره میشوم و میبینم که لبخندت را باز زود دزدیدی و قیافه ات حسابی سرخ شده و چشم های شرم آلودت را به من دوختی و گفتی خیلی معذرت میخواهم، حالا یادم آمد، این ژیلتم را صبح عوض کرده ام، برای آمدن به فرودگاه خریدم کلید توی جیب ژیلت کهنه است. حالا میریم تو کمد میبینی اگر راست نبود!؟ ها... توی همین دسته کلید اتومبیل یکی دیگر هم دارم لطفاً با همان باز کنید، ببخشید ها...
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حیف که من مثل تو بلد نیستم آنچه را که حس میکنم آن جوری که حس میکنم بگم، اگرنه خیلی از تو حرف های بهتری، قشنگتری، نوازشگرتری میگفتم؛ حیف نمیتوانم، این است که من بیشتر از تو رنج میبرم، تو این شانس را داری که میتوانی بگی و من مجبورم، توی دلم نگه دارم و تحمل کنم و مخفی کنم و این است که هیچ وقت راحت نیستم، همیشه احساس میکنم که روحم سنگین است، هر کلمهء خوبی نیشتری است که آدم به قلبش که از فشار حرف ها و دردها و گفتن ها ورم کرده است فرو میکند و خون از آن جستن میکند و روح کمی سبک میشود... و من نتوانسته تو را از زیر آوار خود بیرون آورم و نشانت دهم تا از دیدن آن حیرت کنی...چکار کنم؟<|endoftext|>The constant arrival of strangers by the thousands created an environment where few people knew each other. The newcomers were often uprooted from their families in other parts of the Mediterranean. As a result, many people had no support group, no extended family, and no one to care for them when they became sick. In addition, few outside the Jewish community felt the need to take care of others. As pagans, they had no understanding of “loving one’s neighbor.” To them, the gods needed to be appeased, not obeyed.
The Jews, on the other hand, maintained a close-knit community while living in close proximity to their pagan neighbors. These Gentiles saw the love and compassion displayed among them and were drawn to it. Therefore, we should not be surprised that Paul found many non-Jews gathering in the synagogues he visited. Thousands more were drawn to his message that the G-d of the Jews would accept them as Gentiles if they would abandon idolatry and place their trust in the atoning work of Messiah Yeshua.
Once the Gentiles began to embrace the Jewish Messiah and follow him, they became a part of the Jewish community, not as Jews but as Gentiles. In this new covenantal relationship, they would be expected to immediately abandon idolatry, sexual immorality, certain foods, and the eating of blood (Acts 15:28-29). In addition, the context of Acts 15:21 seems to indicate that the new converts to the faith would be expected to attend synagogue in order to learn the Torah of Moses. As strangers, most of whom were poor, they certainly would have lacked the infrastructure and resources to conduct their own separate meetings. Besides, they first needed to be taught in the ways of G-d.
My assumption is that most Christians have a very different understanding of how the first believers formed into communities. For years, I imagined Paul and other leaders having ready-made church buildings, large and spacious, in which they could gather together; or perhaps they met in someone’s large living room. The problem with this view is that church buildings did not exist in that day, and houses were typically not much larger than dorm rooms.
Besides these logistical issues, one major obstacle stood in their way. The Roman government prohibited all groups from gathering, except those officially recognized as collegia. A collegium was an officially recognized association of like-minded individuals from the same trade, social interest, or religion. Creating a new religious collegium for Christianity would have been next to impossible due to the fact that the population was expected to participate in the local cult worship, which included paying homage to the local deity and participating in the eating of meat sacrificed to it. Furthermore, taking off from work one day out of seven would have been another practice prohibited by the Roman government.
Jews, however, had an exemption from Rome in both these regards. They were not expected to participate in the idolatrous feasts of the city and were allowed to observe the Sabbath. In order to avoid prosecution from government officials, the newcomers had no choice but to join the Jewish community. However, joining them was not a matter of convenience. Doing so was simply understood and expected.
The conclusion I want to draw from this information is that the very first believers were closely tied to the Jewish community. They did not seek to form their own separate collegium. Such efforts did not occur until the beginning of the second century, right after the death of John, the last apostle. Perhaps I’ll discuss that topic at length in a later post.
Formation of Christianity in Antioch
Mystery of Romans
Letter Writer: Paul's Background and Torah Perspective
Eusebius’ Ecclesiastical History<|endoftext|>Tag Archives: common mistakes
Most common English Grammar mistakes Today, I ‘m simply posting a handy infographic from Grammar.Net. In this infographic, they have enlisted 10 most common grammar mistakes that learners tend to make. [Infographic provided by Grammar.net] Now, let’s review these mistakes. 1. Apostrophe: Always remember the difference between contraction and apostrophe. More often students confuse possessive forms with apostrophe. For example, they tend to use its instead of it’s. 2. Comma after introductory phrases: Many phrases that are used as linkers follow a comma. Some of these linkers are: – for example – according to me – to summarise – to encapsulate – firstly, secondly, thirdly, …., finally – …
In this blog post, you will find 12 most commonly confused words. Many IELTS candidates make mistakes with these words either in terms of spelling or their usage. So, I’m taking this opportunity to show you what mistakes you could make.
Most common and important grammar points Today, I’m posting this cool infographic from an artist. In this infographic, there are 10 very very important English grammar points. These are also some of the common English grammar mistakes that students often make. So, learn them thoroughly. Of course, you can learn a great deal from this infographic. Here are some quick notes on these important grammar points. 1. apostrophe: This is used to show the ownership of something. Usually with plurals, you don’t use “s”. With singular nouns, you can use “s”. For example, Sujan’s, My sister’s but not our sisters’s. Here you can use our sisters’ This is …
This blog post explains few common mistakes that candidates make not just in IELTS but while using English in general.
Read and learn the correct usage of this simple grammar.
This post explains the requirements of Task Response. What do you mean by Task Response and how you can achieve higher points for task response. It also points to some of the common mistakes by students in general.<|endoftext|>Bu günlerden birini mi yaşıyorsunuz? Yorgunluk ve stresin en iyi ilacı kendinize iyi davranmaktır.
Bu tüyoları deneyin: Gün içinde kendinizi daha iyi hissetmeniz için 10 dakikanızı ayırın.
Çocuk bakıcıları yıllarını çocuklarla ilgilenerek, değerli ipuçlarını öğrenerek ve bu arada bazı kolay tüyoları keşfederek geçirirler. Onlara sebzelerini nasıl yedirirsiniz, eğlenmelerini nasıl sağlarsınız, tüm bu soruları çocuk bakıcıları cevaplıyor. Peki neden bu deneyimlerinden bir şeyler öğrenmeyelim?
Aileniz için yatılı bir çocuk bakıcısı tutmanızı gerektirecek 8 neden...
En uygun bebek bakıcısını bulmak için ideal tanımını yapın.
Çocuğunuzun teknolojiyle geçirdiği zamanı kısıtlıyor musunuz? Yeni dönem dijital çocuk bakıcıları hakkında yazıyoruz.
Bir çocuk bakıcısı pozitif disiplin teknikleriyle çocuğun davranışlarını nasıl etkiler?<|endoftext|>Tokyo and the Visual Culture of Japan's Great Earthquake of 1923
University of California Press 2012
Gennifer Weisenfeld‘s gorgeous and thoughtful new book explores the visual culture that emerged in the wake of the Kanto earthquake of 1923. Imaging Disaster: Tokyo and the Visual Culture of Japan’s Great Earthquake of 1923 (University of California Press, 2012) charts a path through the widely-circulating visual tropes that comprised the intermedia landscape of the earthquake’s aftermath. Along the way, images of firestorms and catfish guide us though a genealogy of the belief in the moral connections between human action and disaster in Japan. Photographs, seismograms, and maps introduce us to a “visual lexicon of disaster” in which these images were simultaneously wielded as markers of authority and instruments for masking some important moments of invisibility in the aftermath of the earthquake. A decapitated building, the “ultimate modern ruin,” asks us to contemplate the relationship between the individual, the nation, and modernity in the context of a massive spectacle of destruction. Images of refugees, catfish, and naked bathers help us understand how different groups claimed the earthquake for various social and political purposes. Monuments, children’s drawings, cartoons, photographs of bodies and bones: the exceptionally wide range of materials mobilized and reproduced in Imaging Disaster provides the reader with a kind of visual archive, just as Weisenfeld offers us a model for how to write a history that is informed by a close reading of visual texts. The book also considers how disaster brings class and regional inequ
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irme anlayışım olmadığı için biraz utandım ama ismi yazmaya karar verdim.
an için yerde ve seçim yapmasına izin verin.
Japonca yazmaya niyetlendim ama garip bir karaktere dönüştü.
Ancak sorunsuz okuyabiliyorum.
Tanrı’nın söylediği başlangıç paketinin etkisi mi?
Şimdiye kadar kimseyle konuşmadım ve farketmedim çünkü yazmadım
herhangi bir harf
Her neyse, isme karar vermesine izin verdim.
Kuropapa ismine karar verdiğinde, Kuromama için uygun bir kız ismi düşüneceğim.
Bu sırada, köpeklerin yüksek zekasını yeniden doğruladım.
Yazdığım karakterleri okuyabilirler mi? Kuropapa “Schwarz”ı seçti ama Kuromama
itiraz etti ve başını Kuro’nun üzerine bastırdı.
Protestoyu kaybettin mi? Kuropapa “Kuro” karakterine isteksizce dokundu.
Pati.
“Bu durumdan memnun musun?”
Duydu.
Ama cevap vermedi. Kuropapa’nın gözleri bana “Gelinime itaatsizlik edemem” der gibiydi.
…Bu gece lüks bir şeyler yemene izin vereceğim.
Kuropapa’nın adının artık Kuro olmasına karar verildi.
Peki ya Kuromama?
Seçenekler:
Shiro
Yuki
Tsurara
Mizore
Kuromama bir süre düşündükten sonra Yuki’de karar kılmış görünüyor.
Ona neden Shiro adını vermeye çalıştığımı merak ediyor gibi görünüyor. Çünkü o Kuro’nun gelini
gerçi bu onun kürk rengini hiçe saymam gibi olurdu.
TN: Kuro = siyah, Shiro = beyaz, Yuki = Kar
Kuro, adlandırma anlayışının muhtemelen benimkinden daha iyi olduğunu düşünüyor gibi görünüyor. hissediyorum
Sanki bunu söylemek istercesine bana bakıyor ama ben bunun sadece benim olduğunu düşünmek istiyorum.
hayal gücü.
Her durumda, Kuromama’nın adının Yuki olmasına karar verildi.
Kuro, Yuki, Kuroichi, Kuroni, Kurosan ve Kuroyon.
…
Yuki ismi yersiz görünüyor ama aldırmayalım.
Kuro ve diğerleri temelde ücretsizdir.
Ormana giderler ve tarlalara bakarlar.
Ancak nedense bir tanesi yanımda duruyor.
Bir tür koruma görev sistemi mi uyguluyorlar?
Neyse tek başıma çalışmaktan gelen yalnızlığım biraz azaldı.
Biraz boş zamanım olduğunda tahtadan uçan bir disk yaptım.
Köpekleriniz varsa, buna sahip olmalısınız.
Yavrularla oynamak için fırlatmayı denedim ama onlara daha çok hitap etti.
beklenen.
Sadece yavru köpekler değil, Kuro ve Yuki de rekabet eder.
Oldukça ciddiler.
Yavrular da pes etmiyor.
Daha uyumlu olmasını isterim.
Her biri için bir tane yapıp sırayla fırlatmaktan başka seçeneğim yoktu.
Köpekler arasındaki kavga sona erdi ama bana uçan diskini getirmeyi bırakmanı istiyorum.
boş olduğumda
Köpeklerin fiziksel yetenekleri o kadar harika ki onları tatmin etmek için elimden gelenin en iyisini yapmak zorundayım.
onlar… Kollarım acıyor.<|endoftext|>Clear evidence that higher levels of physical activity -- regardless of intensity -- are associated with a lower risk of early death in middle aged and older people, is published by The BMJ today.
The findings also show that being sedentary, for example sitting still, for 9.5 hours or more a day (excluding sleeping time) is associated with an increased risk of death.
Previous studies have repeatedly suggested that sedentary behaviour is bad and physical activity is good for health and long life.
Guidelines recommend at least 150 minutes of moderate intensity or 75 minutes of vigorous physical activity each week, but are based mainly on self reported activity, which is often imprecise. So exactly how much activity (and at what intensity) is needed to protect health remains unclear.
To explore this further, researchers led by Professor Ulf Ekelund at the Norwegian School of Sport Sciences in Oslo analysed observational studies assessing physical activity and sedentary time with death ("all cause mortality").
Studies used accelerometers (a wearable device that tracks the volume and intensity of activity during waking hours) to measure total activity in counts per minute (cpm) of wear time. Intensity is usually separated into light, moderate and vigorous -- and the time in these intensities is then estimated.
Examples of light intensity activity includes walking slowly or light tasks such as cooking or washing dishes. Moderate activity includes brisk walking, vacuuming or mowing the lawn, while vigorous activity includes jogging, carrying heavy loads or digging.
Data from eight high quality studies involving 36,383 adults aged at least 40 years (average age 62) were included. Activity levels were categorised into quarters, from least to most active, and participants were tracked for an average of 5.8 years.
During follow-up, 2149 (5.9%) participants died. After adjusting for potentially influential factors, the researchers found that any level of physical activity, regardless of intensity, was associated with a substantially lower risk of death.
Deaths fell steeply as total activity increased up to a plateau at 300 cpm, similar to the average activity levels in a population-based sample of US men and about 10-15% lower than that observed in Scandinavian men and women.
A similarly steep decrease in deaths occurred with increasing duration of light physical activity up to a plateau of about 300 minutes (5 hours) per day and of moderate intensity physical activity of about 24 minutes per day.
The largest reduction in risk of death (about 60-70%) was between the first quarter (least active) and the fourth quarter (most active), with approximately five times more deaths in those being inactive compared with those most active. This strengthens the view that any physical activity is beneficial and likely achievable for large segments of the population say the researchers.
In contrast, spending 9.5 hours or more each day sedentary was associated with a statistically significant increased risk of death.
The researchers point to some limitations. For example, all studies were conducted in the US and western Europe, and included adults who were at least 40 years old, so findings may not apply to other populations or to younger people.
Nevertheless, they say the large sample size and device based measures of sedentary time and physical activity provide more precise results than previous studies.
As such, they say their results provide important data for informing public health recommendations, and suggest that the public health message might simply be "sit less and move more and more often."
These findings are important and easy to interpret, say researchers in a linked editorial. However, questions remain, particularly over whether the effect of physical activity continues above a certain threshold.
They acknowledge that increasing activity at the population level is challenging, but say walking is one promising target for intervention, as it is simple, affordable (free), achievable even for older adults, and rarely contraindicated.
"Developing ways to limit sedentary time and increase activity at any level could considerably improve health and reduce mortality," they conclude.
Materials provided by BMJ. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.
Cite This Page:<|endoftext|>Cause and Effects Diagram
From: M. D. Anderson Department of Performance Improvement
Date: January 15, 2008
Cathy Modaro: Hi I'm Cathy Modaro, I'm one of the Systems Improvement Specialists in Performance Improvement, and today I'm here to talk to you about some of the common pitfalls that you may encounter as you're doing a cause and effect analysis. As a reminder I have gone over some of the steps that you would need to do a cause and affect analysis, also known as a fishbone diagram. I'm just gonna go over the steps briefly but if you have any questions about it, make sure that you contact your coach who will be able to help you with this particular tool.
The first thing that you're going to do is draw a blank fishbone diagram. Put your problem statement on the right hand side of the diagram where the head of the fish would be. Add your category headers which can include things such as people, policy, process, equipment, supplies, and facilities. Draw your lines from the category headers to the spine of the fish, and then you would brainstorm the causes and add the causes to each of the categories then you have your completed fish bone diagram.
Using this cause and effect is an excellent way to determine your root causes and all of your different causes for the problem statement. But I want to warn you there are a few pitfalls; the first one I want to talk about is that the cause and effect analysis is not a substitute for data.
There are no measurements with the data that you're putting on the fishbone diagram. These can be anecdotal stories, it might be something that happened to one person one time, but they're gonna remember it for a long time and that you need to make sure to capture it on the fishbone. And then also it does not differentiate between your common causes and your special causes. You need to make sure to examine all your causes, see which ones are tied together, try and figure out which ones happen on a regular basis or which ones might not happen on a very regular basis. So as a solution for that what I would like to recommend is that you do continue with your defined data collection, make sure that you have that in place and you collect your data to look at your baseline information.
Another option is to use multi voting to select your high priority problems and I will tell you a little bit more about multi voting in a few slides. A second common pitfall that could occur is that as you're doing your cause and effect diagram you might be actually identifying symptoms before the problem has been thoroughly analyzed and stated. Hopefully you're gonna be doing a flow diagram for your process and one of the things that I would recommend is that as you're doing your flowchart you would capture the problems with each of the steps and put the problems directly onto the fishbone.
A third common pitfall is that sometimes you may limit the theories to those that are identified. You're gonna be doing your brainstorming session and you may not have all the correct players in the room and you'll find that out later on as you start to uncover other causes that you did not include in your diagram. And what I would like to give to you as a solution for that is to make sure that you continue to update your fishbone diagram and at some point you probably will turn the causes from the diagram into an issues list that you're gonna prioritize. What you need to do is make sure that as you continue to uncover causes, make sure to include them on your issues list.
After the common pitfalls what I'd like to do is go back to the multi voting. This is a really good way for your team to be able to prioritize the issues that you've just generated because chances are you have a lot of causes. Now how do you know which ones to focus on? Multi voting is an easy solution everybody in the room would participate. You can assign each person ten points or something along that line, you could do with five, you could do with twenty depending on how much time you want to spend on it, each person would get to assign their points to the causes that they feel are the most important.
After each person assigns their points you could go through for each cause and count up the number of points that it has. That's gonna give you a rank order of all your causes, you would put them onto a priority list and you would also make sure that you leave every cause on the list. You're gonna have some causes that will not have any votes, that doesn't mean that you don't want to address it, it just means that it's not as high of a priority.
As you continue with your issues list you might go through and decide that no action is required for that cause and it can bump to the bottom of the list but you definitely need to make sure that it stays on the list so the team and everybody else who looks at the issues list can realize that that cause was addressed and no action was required for it.
Now I have something fun for you to think about. Did you ever wonder why a fishbone diagram is called a fishbone diagram? Well Dr. Ishacowa who invented this particular cause and effect methodology, he was from Japan where one of the main staples of food is fish so in his eyes when he looked at his diagram he came up with a fish and called it the fishbone. But if Dr. Ishakawa had lived in Australia, he might have been more likely to call it a shark diagram and he might have put the category headings on the fins and put the effect or the problem statement over by the mouth of the shark. Another option to look at is that if Dr. Ishakawa had been a gardener he might have called it a weed diagram and he might have realized that all of the root causes have to be addressed to get rid of all the weeds or dandelions and a third option is also if Dr. Ishakawa had been a forest ranger he might have looked at it as a tree and looked at each of the branches as the category headings and the problem statement on the top of the tree.
So that's just something fun that I'd like to leave with you. And now we're gonna go back to Duke and Tina.<|endoftext|>Dettagli
Aiuta il tuo bambino a respirare meglio con i flaconcini di Mister Baby soluzione fisiologica.
Dona sollievo al suo nasino con i prodotti per bambini della linea Mister Baby. La soluzione fisiologica protegge l'igiene del neonato e deterge la mucosa nasale. La composizione neutra di questo prodotto consente di ripetere il trattamento anche più volte nell'arco della giornata.
Per una corretta igiene del bambino, piega la testa del neonato su di un lato, inserisci con delicatezza la punta del flaconcino dentro una narice e spruzza il fluido. Ripeti il lavaggio anche nell'altra narice.<|endoftext|>چلسی منینگ تیم حقوقی گفت: تحلیلگر اطلاعاتی سابق تلاش کردند تا زندگی خود را در روز چهارشنبه اما منتقل شد به یک بیمارستان که در آن او در حال بهبود است.
Ms منینگ شده است و در زندان پس از مارس 2019 برای امتناع از شهادت قبل از هیئت منصفه بررسی WikiLeaks. او برنامه ریزی شده به نظر می رسد در دادگاه فدرال در الکساندریا در روز جمعه به صورت یک جلسه در یک حرکت به فسخ مدنی تحقیر و تحریم های ناشی از آن امتناع.
در این حرکت ثبت شده در ماه گذشته, Ms منینگ وکلا استدلال می کنند که خانم منینگ نشان داده در طول حبس که او را نمی توان وادار به شهادت قبل از هیئت منصفه.
Ms منینگ خدمت هفت سال در یک زندان نظامی برای نشت یک گنجینه ای از اسناد به ویکی لیکس قبل از رئیس جمهور باراک اوباما تبدیل باقی مانده از او 35 سال حبس در سال 2017.
اسکندریه کلانتر دانا Lawhorne چهارشنبه گفت: “یک حادثه وجود دارد در حدود 12.11 pm امروز در اسکندریه بالغ بازداشتگاه مربوط به اهل بیت چلسی منینگ. آن رفتار مناسب با کارکنان حرفه ای ما و خانم منینگ امن است.”
اندی Stepanian سخنگوی خانم منینگ تیم حقوقی گفت: در بیانیه ای در روز چهارشنبه که Ms منینگ “باقی می ماند و تزلزل در او امتناع از شرکت در یک هیئت منصفه روند که او را می بیند که بسیار مستعد ابتلا به سوء استفاده”.<|endoftext|>* Nominated for a 2013 Edgar Award
* Book of the Year (Non-fiction, 2012) The Boston Globe, Christian Science Monitor
Arguably the most important American lawyer of the twentieth century, Thurgood Marshall was on the verge of bringing the landmark suit Brown v. Board of Education before the U.S. Supreme Court when he became embroiled in a case that threatened to change the course of the civil rights movement and cost him his life.
In 1949, Florida’s orange industry was booming, and citrus barons got rich on the backs of cheap Jim Crow labor with the help of Sheriff Willis V. McCall, who ruled Lake County with murderous resolve. When a white seventeen-year-old girl cried rape, McCall pursued four young blacks who dared envision a future for themselves beyond the groves. The Ku Klux Klan joined the hunt, hell-bent on lynching the men who came to be known as “the Groveland Boys.”
Associates thought it was suicidal for Marshall to wade into the “Florida Terror,” but the young lawyer would not shrink from the fight despite continuous death threats against him.
Drawing on a wealth of never-before-published material, including the FBI’s unredacted Groveland case files, as well as unprecedented access to the NAACP’s Legal Defense Fund files, Gilbert King shines new light on this remarkable civil rights crusader.
Devil in the Grove: Thurgood Marshall, the Groveland Boys, and the Dawn of a New America
New African American Books: History & Current Events
By Tim Cocks LAGOS (Reuters) –
Nigerian novelist Chinua Achebe, widely seen as the grandfather of modern African literature, has died at the age of 82. From the publication of his first novel, “Things Fall Apart”, over 50 years ago, Achebe shaped an understanding of Africa from an African perspective more than any other author. As a novelist, poet, broadcaster and lecturer, Achebe was a yardstick against which generations of African writers have been judged. For children across Africa, his books have for decades been an eye-opening introduction to the power of literature. …
For more, see Yahoo News.
Unlike the more forthrightly mythic origins of other urban centers — think Rome via Romulus and Remus or Mexico City via the god Huitzilopochtli — Los Angeles emerged from a smoke-and-mirrors process that is simultaneously literal and figurative, real and imagined, material and metaphorical, physical and textual. Through penetrating analysis and personal engagement, Vincent Brook uncovers the many portraits of this ever-enticing, ever-ambivalent, and increasingly multicultural megalopolis. Divided into sections that probe Los Angeles’s checkered history and reflect on Hollywood’s own self-reflections, the book shows how the city, despite considerable remaining challenges, is finally blowing away some of the smoke of its not always proud past and rhetorically adjusting its rear-view mirrors.
Part I is a review of the city’s history through the early 1900s, focusing on the seminal 1884 novel Ramona and its immediate effect, but also exploring its ongoing impact through interviews with present-day Tongva Indians, attendance at the 88th annual Ramona pageant, and analysis of its feature film adaptations.
Brook deals with Hollywood as geographical site, film production center, and frame of mind in Part II. He charts the events leading up to Hollywood’s emergence as the world’s movie capital and explores subsequent developments of the film industry from its golden age through the so-called New Hollywood, citing such self
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4.
An authorised share capital of £90,000 was to be raised in £100 shares with the ability to borrow another £60,000 when this became necessary. Initially only £80,600 was raised. The Act became effective on the 20 May 1794 and the canal company appointed Benjamin Outram and Thomas Brown as their Consulting Engineer and Resident Engineer respectively and they were jointly responsible for the construction of both the canal and tramway. Work on cutting the canal and constructing the tramway began almost immediately and cast-iron rails for the tramway were ordered from Benjamin Outram & Company at Butterley, Derbyshire, as early as December 1794.
As originally planned, the canal was to have been carried up a flight of locks between Bugsworth and the proposed terminal basin at Chapel Milton. These locks would have required a reservoir near the village of Wash to supply them with water and the land for this reservoir, across Hockham Brook, was actually purchased under the original Act. In spite of this, both Outram and Brown advised against this proposal following a re-survey of the line and in its place they recommended to the Committee that the length of the tramway should be increased.
The reasoning behind their recommendation was quite sound. A flight of 10 to 12 locks (Whitehough locks) commencing at Bugsworth, would have been required to lift the canal up to the proposed summit pound at Chapel Milton. This pound would have been fairly short and it was to have been supplied with water from Wash reservoir. Ideally, a summit pound should be as long as possible in order to store a supply of water itself and so supplement the reservoir. The pound at Chapel Milton would have been insufficiently long for this purpose and this meant that boats entering and leaving the basin at Chapel Milton would have caused an unacceptable loss of water through the locks and there was no guarantee that the reservoir could replenish this.
As a result the Committee decided in July 1795 to 'make the canal as far towards Chapel Milton as possible' on the level of the canal at Disley. Thus the canal was terminated at Bugsworth, two miles short of the proposed terminus at Chapel Milton. The canal was thus constructed two miles shorter and the tramway two miles longer than originally planned.
According to a report in the Derby Mercury, the upper level of the canal, between Marple top lock and Bugsworth, and the tramway, between Bugsworth and Loads Knowle, were simultaneously opened for trade on the 31 August 1796. The tramway included a tunnel at Stodhart, which is Britain's second oldest surviving railway tunnel, the oldest surviving one being Fritchley Tunnel, also in Derbyshire.
It is likely that the lower level of the canal was open by May 1798 when a temporary Marple Tramway, bypassing the locks, opened. Marple aqueduct was still incomplete and it may be that the tramway crossed the river Goyt on a temporary trestle bridge. The aqueduct opened on the 1 May 1800 and this is the generally accepted date for the opening of the Peak Forest Canal throughout with the exception of Marple locks. The construction of the locks was beset with financial problems as a result of which they were opened in stages. It is now believed that they opened right the way through somewhere between the first and twelfth day of November 1805.
In 1801 Outram resigned his post as the Consulting Engineer to the Peak Forest Canal Company in order to devote more time to Benjamin Outram & Company.
The Peak Forest Canal is 14¾ miles long and it rises through 16 locks at Marple. The Peak Forest Tramway was ultimately about 5¾ miles long.
In April 1794 the Huddersfield Canal Act was passed but subsequently the canal became known as the Huddersfield Narrow Canal to distinguish it from the Huddersfield Broad Canal (aka Sir John Ramsden's Canal). Shareholders in the Ashton Canal were the main promoters, which provided an alternative route to the Rochdale Canal over the Pennines. It commences in Huddersfield by a junction with the Huddersfield Broad Canal and proceeds by Golcar, Slaithwaite, Marsden, Diggle, Saddleworth, Mossley and Stalybridge to join the Ashton Canal at Whitelands in Ashton-under-Lyne.
Outram was appointed as the Consulting Engineer and because of the difficult terrain he was faced with huge problems, the greatest of which was the construction of the mighty Standedge Tunnel between Marsden and Diggle. He decided to only work on the construction of the tunnel from the two ends so as to save the expense of sinking very deep vertical shafts that would be needed to work at more headings but this extended the completion date. This idea was later rescinded with the aim of speeding up construction work.
The 20 mile-long canal, with its 74 locks, was completed in 1798 with the exception of the tunnel, which was not completed until 1811, six years after Outram's death. Standedge Tunnel is Britain's longest canal tunnel. As built, it length was 5,456 yards but subsequently this was increased to 5,698 yards (3 miles 418 yards). It also the highest canal tunnel at 645 feet above sea level.
The Huddersfield Narrow Canal was sanctioned by an Act of Parliament (34 Geo III cap 53), which received the Royal Assent on Friday, 4 April 1794. In addition to Benjamin Outram, others involved in its construction included Nicholas Brown (surveyor and superintendent), John Rooth (canal carrier and canal official), John Booth (engineer) and latterly Thomas Telford (engineer) who oversaw completion of the final section of Standedge Tunnel.
The first boat to navigate through the tunnel was on Monday, 10 December 1810 and the official opening was on Thursday, 4 April 1811. There was no towpath in the tunnel, boats were legged through, and they could not pass. By the turn of the 20th century boats entered from the Marsden end at 6:00am, 2:00pm and 10.00pm and from the Diggle end at 2.00am, 10:00am and 6:00pm.
When the Huddersfield Narrow Canal was finally opened throughout in 1811 it became the third transPennine canal after the Leeds & Liverpool and Rochdale Canals. It was closed to navigation in 1944 and it reopened in May 2001.
Huddersfield Narrow Canal near Holme Mills,
Huddersfield, early 20th century.
In 1793 the business partners Joseph Outram (father of Benjamin) and William Jessop constructed a tramway to enable limestone from (Old) Hilts Quarry at Crich to be transported to the Cromford Canal at Bullbridge, where lime kilns were situated. The lime from the kilns was then transported by canal to the Butterley Company for use in iron making. At the junction of Chapel Street and Front Street at Fritchley a tunnel, about 74-feet long by 10 feet high, was built below the road. As built, this tunnel was lined with masonry but later it was strengthened by the insertion of a short section of brick lining. This tunnel is Britain's oldest surviving railway tunnel.
Fritchley Tunnel, now buried, was listed by English Heritage as a Scheduled Monument on the 26 Feb 2015, List Entry No. 1422984.
The tramway was owned by the Butterley Company (formerly Benjamin Outram & Company). It was single track, with a gauge of 3 feet 10 inches, and the cast-iron L-section rails were one yard long, secured to stone sleeper blocks with wrought-iron spikes. Initially, gangs of five waggons were worked by gravity and horse but in 1813 a walking steam locomotive (the Brunton Traveller or Steam Horse Locomotive) was introduced, this having been built by the Butterley Company. This was later withdrawn from service and replaced by a small 0-2-0 industrial locomotive. Nowadays, the route of this tramway is also known as the Butterley Company’s Mineral Line or the Fritchley Mineral Line.
The original quarry was abandoned in c.1850 and the (New) Hilts Quarry was opened a short distance away to the west. This caused the tramway to be re-aligned at its northern end but the new quarry allowed the tramway to remain operational until 1935.
The 31-mile long Ashby Canal formed a connection between the Coventry Canal at Bedworth and the mining area of Moira in Leicestershire, situated to the west of Ashby-de-la-Zouch. Several tramways were constructed around Moira to connect collieries, limestone quarries and brick works to the Ashby Canal. The most noteworthy of these was the Ticknall Tramway, which connected limestone quarries and brick works to the canal at Willesley Basin.
In August 1798 the Ashby-de-la-Zouch Canal Company sought Outram's advice about a tramway to connect the northern end of their canal to local collieries and lime works. His proposal for the Ticknall Tramway was for lines to run from Cloud Hill (Breedon) and Ticknall joining at Ashby Old Parks and then gradually descending through Ashby to the canal at Willesley. The total length of this tramway was 12½ miles of which four miles were double track. The company accepted his report and appointed him as their Consulting Engineer. Work started in 1799, the rails and waggons being manufactured by Benjamin Outram & Company. The tramway was completed in 1802 following problems with contracts and payments.
The tramway was laid to a gauge of 4 feet 2 inches and the rails were set on stone sleeper blocks. The L-section, cast-iron rails were one yard long and they weighed 37 pounds each. Waggons were hauled by horses and in addition to limestone, lime and bricks, the tramway carried coal, to fire the kilns, as well as general goods.
The tramway was constructed with five notable features, a tramway bridge at Ticknall, known as ‘Ticknall Arch’ or ‘The Arch’, two smaller bridges and two tunnels. Ticknall Arch carried the tramway over the turnpike in Ticknall (Main Street, A514) and it is situated by the entrance to Calke Park. The other two bridges both lie in the woodlands of Calke Park. Calke Park Tunnel is a cut-and-cover tunnel, 138 yards long, built to take the tramway below the driveway to Calke Abbey near Ticknall Lodge. It has a variable height and width, the maximum height being about 8 feet and the maximum width being about 12 feet. The National Trust has restored this tunnel to enable visitors to walk through it. Basfords Hill Tunnel is also a cut-and-cover tunnel, 51 yards long, at Basfords Hill. It is 6 to 8 feet high by 6 feet wide and it is lined with dressed millstone grit. This tunnel has also been restored to enable visitors to walk through it.
Ticknall Tramway was in use for about 111 years, closing in 1913 and abandoned in 1915. Nowadays, much of the route of this tramway can still be traced.
In July 1787 he held discussions with the Erewash Canal Company concerning an extension of the canal to Pinxton but he failed to get an agreement. These discussions led to the construction of the Cromford Canal.
On the 19 August 1793 he produced a scheme for the Sheffield Canal. As built, this canal commenced at Sheffield Canal Basin and proceeded to by Attercliffe and Broughton Lane to Tinsley, where it joined the River Don Navigation.
In 1795 he surveyed the river Don.
In early 1796 he inspected the construction of the Manchester, Bolton and Bury Canal with regard to it being built as a broad canal.
On the 11 March 1796 he reported his scheme for a canal from the Peak Forest Canal by way of Rudyard to the Caldon Canal. This came to nothing but it did lead to the later construction of the Macclesfield Canal.
In 1799 he advised the proprietors of the Fletcher canal in the Irwell Valley on how they could best make a junction with the Manchester, Bolton and Bury Canal.
On the 1 July 1799 Outram advised the Brecon and Abergavenny Canal Company that they should convert their tramways from using edge rails to using L-section rails.
By mid-1799 he had advised the Worcester and Birmingham Canal Company that their line to Worcester should be completed with a tramway.
In mid-1800, following criticism of his first scheme, he recommends to the Somerset Coal Canal Company that the two levels of their canal should be connected by a tramway. The coal to be carried by boat in containers that could be lifted by cranes to and from waggons on the tramway.
In October 1800, at the suggestion of the Peak Forest Canal Company, the Huddersfield Canal Company asked him to undertake a feasibility study for a temporary tramway between Marsden and Wool Road to by pass the unfinished Standedge Tunnel. Nothing came of his study.
By November 1800 his double-track temporary tramway over Blisworth Hill was complete. The purpose of this was to connect the two ends of the unfinished Blisworth Tunnel.
In 1800 he produced a scheme for a tramway to run from the Monmouthshire Canal at Risca to the Tredegar Works.
By 1800 his Penydarren Tramway was complete. This was 9¾ miles long having a single track. It connected an ironworks near Merthyr to the Glamorganshire Canal at Abercynon and George Overton engineered it. On the 13 February 1804 this tramway witnessed a most historic moment in the development of railways for it was here that Richard Trevithick's steam locomotive first ran on rails. Samuel Homfray, an ironmaster of Penydarren then made a wager of 500 guineas even money with Anthony Hill, a neighbouring ironmaster, that a steam locomotive could haul 10 tons of iron along the tramway from Penydarren to Abercynon. On the 21 February 1804 Richard Trevithick won the bet for Samuel Homfray.
By 1805, after his death, The Surrey Iron Railway (engineered by Jessop) between Croydon and Reigate was complete.
All tramways designed by Outram used L-section cast-iron rails or plates, first introduced underground in circa 1787 by John Curr at the Duke of Norfolk's Sheffield Park Mine. By the following year, Curr's tramways had been constructed at two places on the surface, one of these being at Joseph Butler's Wingerworth Ironworks near Chesterfield in Derbyshire and Outram was aware of this. The cast-iron rails used were 4 feet long with a weight of 24 pounds per yard run and they were laid to a 20-inch gauge.
Their use then quickly spread to many parts of the country, both on the surface and underground, and Outram became the foremost advocate of this rail system. He referred to the rails as 'my plates' and in February 1801 he published his famous paper entitled, 'Minutes to be observed in the Construction of Railways'. In this paper he recommended that the gauge should be 4 feet 2 inches and the Peak Forest Tramway, which opened for trade on the 31 August 1796, was the first to be completed fully in accordance with his subsequent paper.
For Benjamin Outram's paper click here » Minutes
In 1801 Outram took less interest in his private civil engineering consultancy practice and he devoted himself more to the business affairs of Benjamin Outram & Company. He did this with the aid of his brother, Joseph, and his managing clerk, George Goodwin. The reason for this was the firm's rapid growth.
Outram died prematurely on the 22 May 1805. The firm of Benjamin Outram & Company was formally established by a deed of partnership dated 10 December 1792 and in 1809 the name was changed to The Butterley Company. However, Benjamin Outram lived long enough to see his firm become one of the foremost ironworks in Britain, both with regard to the quality of its products and its output. Ultimately, the company became one of the largest and most prestigious ironworks in Britain, specialising in structural steelwork and railway equipment.
Benjamin Outram was naturally gifted and one of the earliest references to him in a consultancy role was in July 1787 (aged 23 years) when, accompanied by John Hodgkinson and others, he held discussions with the Erewash Canal Company to propose an extension of their canal to Pinxton. Although nothing came of this, it led to the construction of the Cromford Canal. Two years later, in 1789, he was appointed as the full-time assistant to William Jessop. John Smeaton had trained Jessop and he was a member of the Smeatonian Society. Between 1785 and 1805, Jessop was the premier civil engineer of the day and Outram could not have had a better mentor. In 1793 (aged 29 years) he was appointed as the Consulting Engineer to the Nutbrook Canal Company and it is likely that this was his first appointment as a consultant. The Nutbrook Canal was completed without any problems.
It had become incumbent on civil engineers of the day that they must understand the underlying mathematical principles of the design of arches and buttresses as these were common features of bridges, aqueducts and tunnels. In this respect it was crucial for them to recognise the importance of the work of the mathematician Charles Hutton (1737-1823). For civil engineers, the two most important works of Hutton were his 'Principles of Bridges' (1772) and 'Mathematical Tables' (1785).
It is understood that both Benjamin Outram and Thomas Brown consulted the former publication at the design stage of Marple Aqueduct and the latter publication would have been of use to them as an aid to their calculations. The University of Salford holds an original copy of the 'Principles of Bridges'.
This painting of Marple Aqueduct dates from c.1809 and in 2005 it was hanging on the stairs of Clevedon Court,
the former home of Sir Arthur Elton which lies on the coast to the west of Bristol.
Credit: The late J Brady.
It is also interesting to note that the second eldest son of Benjamin Outram was called James Napier Outram. It is possible that his middle name, Napier, was given in honour of the Scottish philosopher and mathematician, John Napier (1550-1617), who was the inventor of the decimal point and of logarithms. This is especially so knowing that there was an influential Scottish connection in Outram's family.
Benjamin Outram was born at Alfreton, near Matlock, Derbyshire, on the 1 April 1764 and he was baptised on the same day. He was named in honour of Benjamin Franklin, the American printer, scientist, inventor and politician who was a personal friend of the Outram family. Besides his well-known experiments with electricity, Franklin was also the inventor of the glass harmonica, which has such an enchanting sound, especially when playing Scottish airs.
Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790) came to live in England in 1757 and he was Benjamin Outram's godfather. While in England, Franklin was a Colonial representative of his home state
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papà disperso
“Che mestiere fa tuo papa?”. La domanda che il professore fa a tutti gli alunni della classe arriva anche a me, figlio di un alpino partito per la Russia subito dopo la mia nascita e non tornato dalla guerra. “Non so” rispondo, “mio papà non c’è”. “Come non c’è?” riprende burbero il professore. “Non è ancora tornato dalla guerra”. “Allora è morto?” “No”. Spazientito, il professore quasi grida: “Allora devi dire che è disperso!”. In casa non avevo mai sentito pronunciare quella parola e non sapevo cosa volesse dire e quando chiedevo alla mamma dov’era papà, con delicatezza mi ripeteva sempre “vedrai che ritorna”. Tutto ruotava attorno a questa attesa, anche perché tutti i ragazzi del paese avevano un papà e solo io non potevo farmi forza della figura paterna. E così inizia la drammatica attesa del ritorno nelle famiglie di giovani, anche padri, partiti per la guerra, specialmente nella lontana Russia.
Alcuni che ce l’hanno fatta: smunti, laceri, smagriti nella tragica ritirata; rientrati alle loro case, sono subito circondati dai famigliari degli altri per avere notizie di loro cari non tornati, ma senza avere risposta. Dalle autorità non arrivano comunicati e dopo anni di prigionia comincia a tornare a casa qualche reduce, anche questo subito subissato da domande purtroppo senza risposte. Dopo un certo tempo arriva la comunicazione ufficiale alla mamma: nella tragica ritirata di Nikolajewka suo marito risulta disperso il 31 gennaio 1943.
Quella parola comincia a martellarmi nel cervello e così comincio a prendere coscienza del suo significato: non è morto, non si trova il suo corpo, non si sa dove sia. Allora potrebbe tornare. Ma passava il tempo e papà non tornava; anzi, quando avevo appena 12 anni anche la mamma se ne è andata. Lei per sempre, sepolta nella nera terra del piccolo cimitero del paese di Malgrate, ma per mio padre rimaneva quel tenue filo di speranza, alimentata dalla parola “disperso” che, man mano, crescendo in età, assumeva significati sempre diversi. E così comincia la lunga attesa di un ritorno, andando a caccia di notizie dai pochi reduci della zona.
Mi dice Gino: “Sì, l’ho incontrato prima della ritirata; io facevo l’autista e portavo il rancio anche al fronte, sulla linea del Don, e nella ristrettezza del cibo alla sua batteria ne davo un poco di più. Quando al comando sono cominciate a circolare notizie sulla ritirata, gli dicevo di smettere di esercitarsi con la tromba e imparare a guidare il camion, che presto avremmo affrontato la ritirata”. Poi la disfatta e più nulla.
Altro reduce, Pierino, mi racconta: “Con un altro paesano l’abbiamo affiancato al termine della tragica ritirata nella battaglia finale di Nikolajewka; guidava un mulo che trainava la slitta con sopra un tenente e un alpino gravemente feriti. ‘Dai, gli abbiamo detto, vieni con noi che ormai siamo salvi’, ma lui, deciso, ci ha risposto che non voleva abbandonare i feriti ad una morte sicura, e così l’abbiamo salutato. Dopo due anni di prigionia, noi siamo tornati a casa”.
Però, un filo sottilissimo ma tenace resisteva; tanto che, dopo molti anni, nell’inconscio più profondo, a dispetto dell’evidenza e della realtà e contro ogni speranza, non si era ancora definitivamente spezzato e, nel 2012, mi ha spinto a calcare, pregando, a piedi insieme ad altri alpini, per 200 chilometri dal Don a Nikolajewka, quella terra dei girasoli, percorsa da miglia di disperati in cerca della salvezza, moltissimi dei quali morti e sepolti dai contadini, al disgelo, dove si trovavano. Ogni libro che parlava e ancora oggi parla della ritirata di Russia l’ho acquistato e letto e quella parola – disperso – continua in modo incredibile a martellarmi nel cervello e soprattutto nel cuore.Edamo Barbieri<|endoftext|>Per definizione, la ninfomane è una donna che non riesce a controllare i suoi appetiti sessuali a causa della compulsività e della forza incontrollabile dei suoi desideri. Facilmente eccitabili, raggiungono proporzioni enormi e la trascinano involontariamente verso un obiettivo: la soddisfazione della sua sessualità. Uno di questi giorni questi stivali ti calpesteranno addosso. (Nancy Sinatra, questi stivali sono fatti per camminare) A volte l'amore non sembra come dovrebbe, lo fai soffrire così bene. (John Cougar Mellencamp e GM Green, Hurts So Good) Un uomo è così visivamente orientato all'immagine che il semplice sguardo di una donna in abiti fetish può far emergere la sua natura sottomessa. C'è stata qualche ricerca su questo. Molti anni fa, ho letto un articolo in una pubblicazione Fetish su un progetto di ricerca condotto da donne professioniste dominanti in cui misuravano il livello di sottomissione negli uomini. Quello che hanno fatto è stato dare a ciascun cliente del servizio che li ha visitati una scala da 1 a 10, con 1 un po' sottomesso e 10 molto sottomesso.
Letture erotiche: un grande afrodisiaco per la nostra libido
Una volta conosciute le tecniche e le fasi che compongono il RajaYoga, è estremamente interessante metterle in relazione con il concetto di Kosa o involucri dell'Atman individuale che, secondo le Upanisad, ne impediscono la conoscenza e la realizzazione. Le donne sono attratte dagli uomini le cui apparenze innescano i loro sentimenti di nutrimento; che sembrano possedere peculiarità di maturità e predominio sessuale; Falli apparire socievoli, alla mano e di alto status sociale.
Ciao ragazzi. Sono Anto, un lumi giovane e affettuoso, perfetto per divertirsi all'insegna della passione e del divertimento. Possibili fonti di infezione che ci fornisce il movimento di routine per strada. La cosa ragionevole sarebbe lavarsi prima di toccare il membro, che, nascosto sotto i vestiti, non è a contatto con lo sporco. Ma è l'educazione che ci hanno dato, che tutto ciò che riguarda la sessualità è qualcosa di sporco che ci porta a sanificarci meccanicamente dopo.
Il ritorno del missionario
Riderai ogni giorno almeno 3 volte: L'esercizio della risata è fondamentale in questo trattamento. Se riuscissi a formare un gruppo per rafforzare la tua capacità di condividere momenti gioiosi, sarebbe fantastico… Ma non aspettare di avere un set! in linea di principio fallo in bagno o nella tua stanza o dove preferisci. 3 volte al giorno riderai ad alta voce. Fallo con tutte e 5 le vocali. Le donne tendono a lamentarsi di sentirsi come se fossero solo un oggetto durante questa situazione e c'è una mancanza di intimità. Questo perché gli uomini tendono a continuare a muoversi e in realtà non entrano in nessun altro tipo di contatto. Quindi, uomini, andate avanti e accarezzategli la schiena, strofinate delicatamente le unghie nella sua pelle o addirittura massaggiategli le spalle.
Contatti di routine e sporadici
È un veloce apribottiglie da usare con Swing e avviare una conversazione che sembra spontanea. Da lì, puoi impilare altri Opener o inserire qualsiasi routine rilevante. Quindi ora sai, se vuoi goderti un corpo giovane, pieno di curve squisite e sottili, ti aspetterò, senza tabù, dove ci godremo semplicemente il sesso, senza ulteriori indugi.
Hol Un angelo è sceso sulla terra e vuole peccare. Si chiama Blanca ed è una donna molto bella ed inebriante, una di quelle abbaglianti donne d'Oriente ai cui sguardi bastano a sciogliere il ghiaccio dei poli e che, sensuali e lussuriose, lasciano un ricordo indelebile nella memoria delle loro amanti . Vuoi peccare con lei? Hai voglia di goderti la compagnia di questa incredibile escort polacca? Ti piacerebbe goderti il contatto delle sue labbra carnose e sensuali ed esplorare le curve del suo corpo, con misure perfette e del tutto naturali? Se la tua risposta è sì, chiama Sugar Girls e chiedi di Blanca. Se esci con lei, sembrerà che tu stia vivendo un vero sogno. Dolce nell'aspetto e lascivo nello spirito, Blanca ti farà toccare il cielo con le mani.
Mento appoggiato sulle mani: trasmette l'idea che il discorso è svogliato. Questo segno è quando la mano funge da supporto per la testa e il mento è alla base di questo supporto. Chi lo usa può essere assonnato oppure essere in modo conscio o inconscio che trasmette l'idea che il discorso sia noioso, estenuante.<|endoftext|>6月14日星期五，五所欧洲大学的代表在帕德博恩大学会面，为建立一个创新的欧洲网络 - “欧洲大学”开发和交流思想。除了勒芒的卡斯蒂利亚 - 拉曼恰大学（西班牙）的长期合作伙伴大学（法国），西里西亚的卡托维兹大学（波兰）和坎帕尼亚路易吉万维泰利大学（意大利）在参加了会谈。
欧洲大学的想法可以追溯到2017年9月法国总统Emmanuel Macron的主题演讲“欧洲倡议”。在演讲中，马克龙提议在2024年创建约20所欧洲大学。欧盟委员会接受了该提案，并将在2019年秋季开始的第一个试点阶段支持选定的6000万欧元网络。除其他外，欧洲大学应该提升欧洲特色，支持一个团结和强大的欧洲，并提高欧洲高等教育系统的绩效和竞争力。帕德博恩大学计划与2020年第二个试点阶段提到的合作伙伴竞争“欧洲大学”。
2018年5月，欧洲委员会发布了一项关于促进自动相互承认高等教育和高中教育文凭以及国外学习期间成果的理事会建议的提案。目标是确保在国外完成学习经历的每个学生，学徒或学生，无论是资格学习还是学习流动，都可以自动认可这些经验以便进一步学习。改善认可程序是到2025年努力建立欧洲教育区的雄心壮志的核心要素，人们可以像欧洲人一样强烈认同自己的身份，这就要求“一个学习，学习和研究的欧洲”被边界阻碍。“
学习流动性可以培养对积极参与社会和劳动力市场至关重要的能力和经验。最近对伊拉斯谟+计划的中期评估显示了这一点，该计划报告了流动对学习者信心，独立性，社会资本和向就业过渡的积极影响。在全球化的教育和就业环境中，学生必须能够最好地利用整个欧盟的所有学习机会。
今年早些时候与利益相关方的磋商表明，欧盟在这一领域的行动得到了强有力 受访者确认，识别过程通常很慢，由个别机构自行决定，而且不够透明。特别是在中学阶段，对国外高中学历和学习期结果的认可因国家而异。希望在中学期间在国外学习较长时间或在另一个会员国接受高等教育的年轻人往往缺乏对其资格和能力的认可的信息和确定性。
<|endoftext|>Gardening Articles: Landscaping :: Trees, Shrubs, & Vines
Drawing a Landscape Map
by National Gardening Association Editors
Before you design or improve your landscape, the first step is to inventory what you have. The best way to do that is to draw a base map of the site, accurately recording the size and location of permanent features.
Tools and Materials
- Notepad or paper, at least 8 1/2 by 11 inches
- Pencil and eraser
- Tape measure, at least 50 feet
- Wooden stakes and string
- Mallet to drive stakes
- Protractor or steel carpenter's square
- Graph paper, 11 x 14 inches or larger, 1/4 inch grid
- Masking tape
- Tracing paper, available in rolls
Draw a rough map. On a large notepad, sketch out your yard, including buildings, large trees and shrubs, property lines, fences, utility lines, paved areas, patios, pools, and other permanent features. Don't worry about accuracy yet. Using a compass, find the direction of north and mark it on the map.
Measure permanent objects. Measure the features, such as house and pool dimensions, tree drip lines, spreads of shrubs, and lengths of fences. Add the measurements to the rough map. Also measure and locate windows and doors, as well as outside faucets, lights, and electrical receptacles.
Establish accurate locations. Using stakes and string, mark a straight line along a property boundary, starting at one corner. Keeping the tape measure at a 90? angle from the boundary, measure the distance from the boundary to the nearest corners of the house, trees, and other objects on your map. Measure from other boundaries, too, to confirm accuracy.
Transfer measurements to graph paper. With a ruler and pencil, transfer your measurements accurately to graph paper. Use 1 inch to represent 4 feet for small yards, 1 inch to 20 feet for larger sites.
Make tracing paper overlays. Tape the base map to a table or board. Lay sheets of tracing paper over it and make additional maps, each with a different theme, such as sun and shade patterns, slopes, views, gardens, and traffic patterns. Each map becomes a layer that adds detail to the base map but remains separate for clarity.
Use tracing paper overlays and a soft pencil to sketch new landscape ideas and plans over your base map. Start with loose scribbles and add accuracy as your plans take shape.
Make small circles, called registration marks, in the corners of your base map. So that the base map and overlays can be accurately aligned, add corresponding marks on each sheet of tracing paper.
Photography by Suzanne DeJohn/National Gardening Association<|endoftext|>Un NL-Alert è stato emesso a Den Bosch e nell’area circostante per un incendio in un mucchio di rottami presso la società di rottami AVI, dice NOS. Secondo Omroep Brabant, c’è un forte odore di bruciato in città e si possono vedere nuvole di fumo nell’area più ampia. I residenti dovrebbero chiudere le finestre e le porte e spegnere la ventilazione, questo è il suggerimento delle autorità.
Secondo un portavoce del Comitato locale per la sicurezza, l’incendio è difficile da spegnere. L’azienda lavora, tra l’altro, rottami di auto, biciclette e frigoriferi. I vigili del fuoco quindi misurano se il fumo rilasciato è nocivo. Nessuno è rimasto ferito, tuttavia, un dipendente è stato allontanato da un edificio di uffici adiacente e portato in salvo, dice NOS.
I vigili del fuoco sono presenti in massa con attrezzature specialistiche come piattaforme aeree, estintore e drone per impedire che l’incendio si propaghi. Ci vorranno diverse ore per spegnerlo.<|endoftext|>微信号 hldydg
近年来，禁食成了科学界的新宠，禁食已被证明可以减肥和延长动物寿命，事实上，越来越多的研究表明，禁食有许多健康益处，改善代谢健康，预防或延缓年龄增长带来的疾病，甚至可以减缓肿瘤的生长。
糖尿病是一种慢性疾病，影响全球超过5.4亿人。随着生活和饮食习惯的改变，糖尿病已经成为继心脑血管疾病、恶性肿瘤之后影响人类健康的第三大因素。
在中国，成年人有超过1.14亿糖尿病患者，占全世界糖尿病患者四分之一。
2023年4月6日，澳大利亚阿德莱德大学和健康与医学研究中心的研究人员在” Nature Medicine “期刊上发表了一篇题为” Intermittent fasting plus early time-restricted eating versus calorie restriction and standard care in adults at risk of type 2 diabetes：a randomized controlled trial “的研究论文。
该研究显示，限时间歇性禁食的参与者，对葡萄糖的耐受性更高，改善血糖水平、体重、腰围方面表现更好，限时间歇性禁食可能是一种更有效的糖尿病预防策略。
在这项开放、平行、随机对照试验中，研究人员招募了209名参与者，按照2:2:1随机分为3组：限时间歇性禁食组（85人）、热量限制组（83人）、标准治疗组（41人），进行了一项为期6个月的研究，并进行了12个月的额外随访。分析了不同饮食参与者的血糖水平、体重、腰围等变化。
限时间歇性禁食组要求参与者每周非连续三天禁食20小时，在8:00-12:00完成进食，热量限制30%，其他日子随意进食；热量限制组要求参与者每天摄入能量需求的70%，无规定时间；标准治疗组根据减肥建议饮食。
研究发现，限时间歇性禁食组和限制热量组的参与者体重减轻相似。
在6个月时，与限制热量组和标准治疗组相比，限时间歇性禁食组参与者的葡萄糖耐量得到更大程度的改善，并且血脂降低的更多，这独立于体重减轻
|
2,995 | 7 | 3 |
表述对这份工作的热爱，并让他感受到您的诚心。例如，您可以说：“向掌管上报，我认为您很容易找到下属，但是对像我这样忠诚您的下属来说或许并不容易。我工作更为努力，我的成绩也解释了这一点。请您考虑一下。”您也可以坦率地告诉他，您或许因关键缘故辞去，但您对公司有感想，不愿离去当前的团队。这样，您可以说：“我必须坦率地说，有一家竞争对手的公司与我关系，他们提供的条件比这里要多得多。我确实很感动，但算是，我已经在这家公司工作了五年，我对此倍感很兴奋。这很深深，而且我与同事相处得很好。如果我换个地方，我不知道我是否能适于。我很纠结。”
蓝色与蓝色老板谈论加薪的疑问，需要在一个沉静而正式的环境中展开讨论;不要让其他任何员工知道这一点;永远不要夸张夸张自己，或者威胁要离去。。给他一个充分的理由和逻辑分析，让他知道您的加薪要求是合理的。例如，您可以说：“我申请加薪的缘故如下：1，...2，...3，...我已经调查了一些相近公司的相应工资范围，即高端，中档和低端。现在你还可以保持沉默，什么也没说，也可以默默地做一些理想的事情，直到有一天他主动给你加薪。
黄与黄老板谈起加薪。最好是不错地完成一个大项目，不要在从未足够筹码的状况下轻声言语，或尝试以耸人听闻的方法来抚摸他;在认同自我价值的同时，避免给他以自傲的感觉到。告诉他，你的存在会带来什么益处例如，您可以说：“报告您过去的工作...这是我对未来的蓝图...我深信我们将成为行业的领导，而我将领导者下属成为最优异的员工。”至少，您要知道的是，在黄色老板的眼中，能力=薪水，显示您的能力并承担更多责任意味着有权要求更高的回报。您还可以说：“我在您的帮助下赢得了这些成就领导者。我认为我可以承担更多的责任，并尝试更繁重的任务。如果我的表现对您令人满意，我希望获得相应的酬劳。”
绿色与绿色老板谈论在宽松和非正式的环境中加薪，而并未任何迫切的任务要完成。不要对他大喊大叫或要求薪水过高，使他很难实现。您必须强调自己在团队合作中的效用，强调他人对您的认可和依赖性，并让他们理解您是至关最主要的。例如，您可以说：蓝图进展如愿以偿。我们已经很长时间并未犯任何差错了。实质上，我们已经成功地协调了我们团队与其他团队之间的关联。我深感我们彼此相处，他们都是不可或缺的。”至少，您需要知道的是告诉他您需要这笔薪水，否则，您将饱受伤痛。您也可以说：“老板，最近货品价钱急遽上涨，生活承担很重。给我更多的薪水。我将努力工作。”<|endoftext|>Until recently, tropical peat swamp forests in Indonesia have been subject to increasing pressure from land-use change and excessive drainage. This has increased greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and risk of fires. Five tropical peat landscapes under different management regimes were selected and assessed with regards to GHG emissions and vulnerability to fire. Converted peat swamp forest emitted CO 2 at a similar rate to primary and secondary peat swamp forests. Total emissions ranged between 41 and 52 Mg CO 2 /ha/yr, and 85% of this was from heterotrophic respiration. Managing groundwater levels (GWL) is crucial to GHG mitigation actions. Peatland fire risk is closely associated with GWL, and fire risk can be reduced by 30% when peat rewetting is prioritized in the most vulnerable areas. Lack of coordinated water management could lead to uncontrollable GWLs, peat subsidence, and fires, causing large GHG emissions and other environmental degradation. Government-initiated Forest Management Units could manage peatlands at a regional level. Compliance mechanisms need to be institutionalized to control emissions, land subsidence, and fire incidence.
- Authors: Murdiyarso, D., Lestari, I., Hanggara, B., Saragi-Sasmito, M., Basuki, I., Taufik, M.
- Author Affiliation: Bogor Agricultural University, Winrock International, Centre for International Forestry Research
- Subjects: greenhouse gases, emissions, peat, swamps, tropical forests, hydrology
- Publication type: Chapter-R
- Source: K.W. Krauss, Z. Zhu and C.L. Stagg (eds.). 2022. Wetland Carbon and Environmental Management. 355-369
- Year: 2022
- ISSN: 978-1-119-63930-5
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119639305.ch19<|endoftext|>Benim Komşum Bir Melek izle
(2014)
Yönetmen:Theodore Melfi
Oyuncular:Bill Murray, Melissa McCarthy, Naomi Watts
Bekar bir anne olan Maggie, Brooklyn'e taşınarak yeni evlerine yerleşirler. Maggie, uzun saatler çalışmak zorunda olduğu için oğlu Oliver'ı komşusu Vincent'a bırakmak zorunda kalır. Ancak Vincent, emekli bir adam olarak alkole ve kumara düşkün birisi olarak bilinir. Günler geçtikçe, Vincent ve Oliver arasında sıradışı bir ilişki gelişir. Vincent, Oliver'ı günlük aktivitelerine dahil ederek ona striptiz barlar ve yarış pistlerini gösterir. Bu süreçte, Vincent genç adamın büyümesine yardımcı olurken, Oliver da Vincent'ta kimse tarafından görülmeyen yufka yürekli bir ihtiyarın var olduğunu keşfeder. Bill Murray'in başrolünde olduğu bu filmde, deneyimli oyuncuya Melissa McCarthy ve genç oyuncu Jaeden Lieberher eşlik ediyor. Filmin yönetmenliği ve senaristliği Theodore Melfi'ye aittir.<|endoftext|>10.1. International economic, political and cultural interrelations play an important role in the flow of people between countries, whether they are developing, developed or with economies in transition. In its diverse types, international migration is linked to such interrelations and both affects and is affected by the development process. International economic imbalances, poverty and environmental degradation, combined with the absence of peace and security, human rights violations and the varying degrees of development of judicial and democratic institutions are all factors affecting international migration. Although most international migration flows occur between neighbouring countries, interregional migration, particularly that directed to developed countries, has been growing. It is estimated that the number of international migrants in the world, including refugees, is in excess of 125 million, about half of them in the developing countries. In recent years, the main receiving countries in the developed world registered a net migration intake of approximately 1.4 million persons annually, about two thirds of whom originated in developing countries. Orderly international migration can have positive impacts on both the communities of origin and the communities of destination, providing the former with remittances and the latter with needed human resources. International migration also has the potential of facilitating the transfer of skills and contributing to cultural enrichment. However, international migration entails the loss of human resources for many countries of origin and may give rise to political, economic or social tensions in countries of destination. To be effective, international migration policies need to take into account the economic constraints of the receiving country, the impact of migration on the host society and its effects on countries of origin. The long-term manageability of international migration hinges on making the option to remain in one's country a viable one for all people. Sustainable economic growth with equity and development strategies consistent with this aim are a necessary means to that end. In addition, more effective use can be made of the potential contribution that expatriate nationals can make to the economic development of their countries of origin.
[Go to start of Document]<|endoftext|>David Wilkinson, animation director di Prince of Persia, ha rilasciato qualche informazione su Assassin's Creed 2.
In un'intervista rilasciata a AusGamers, parlando di Alex Drouin, precedentemente alla guida del team di animatori di POP ha infatti dichiarato che "al momento è occupatissimo a rendere Altair ancora più bello."
"L'ultima cosa che ho visto è che stava lavorando sulle animazioni di Altair mentre nuota.
"Forse non dovrei parlare di queste cose, non so..." ha poi aggiunto frettolosamente Wilkinson come se sapesse di non dover divulgare troppe informazioni. Ops!
In passato Ubisoft ha parlato apertamente circa i sequel di Assassin's Creed e l'intero finale del primo gioco faceva riferimento in modo lampante a futuri sviluppi.
Ad ogni modo, il boss di Ubisoft US Laurent Detoc ha dichiarato che stavolta l'idea era quella di costruire un'attesa ancora più elevata, presumibilmente come parte di una corposa e ben pianificata campagna marketing. Ovviamente non sarà felicissimo di questa piccola fuga di notizie...
Ma si tratta di una cosa di poco conto se paragonata a quanto detto a suo tempo dall'attrice Kristin Bell che si lasciò scappareun sacco di succulente notizie su Assassin's Creed prima che venissero divulgate ufficialemente.
Assassin's Creed è stato un titolo gradevole anche se leggermente sotto le attese, ma è riuscito comunque a vendere oltre sei milioni di copie in tutto il mondo.
Date un'occhiata alla nostra review diAssassin's Creed per saperne di più.<|endoftext|>In this section, the authors of the ESO project comment on societal discussions of current language usage from a linguistic perspective. On the one hand, such public discourses use language as a medium for communication, for representing and constructing reality, or as an instrument of power. On the other hand, they negotiate societal topics by means of linguistic signs, which turns these public discourses again into objects of language-critical reflection. They exemplify how speech communities express, reproduce, and constitute attitudes, ways of thinking and concepts through their language usage.
Johannes Funk/Katharina Jacob/Luisa Larsen/Maria Mast/Verena Weiland/Kathrin Wenz
“Negro king” or “King of the South Seas”? A linguistic and language-critical statement
1 From public debate to academic reflection (Katharina Jacob)
Racism is a disposition that is not eliminated with the elimination of words.
(DER TAGESSPIEGEL 01/27/2013)
Words take their toll even if they were not said with bad intentions.
(DER TAGESSPIEGEL 01/18/2013)
Words, including the bad ones, always have to be considered within the context in which they are used.
(DER TAGESSPIEGEL 01/20/2013)
Quotes like the ones listed above show that there is a heated debate going on in society concerning discriminatory terms in children’s and adolescent’s literature. This debate has started even before the controversy about the “negro king” in “Pippi Longstocking” began in January 2013. Terms in children’s and youth literature provoke intense discussions in the media – a display of society actively practising language criticism.
Some voices call for the deletion of passages that contain discriminatory words and thoughts. Others demand that these passages be rewritten or that terms like Negro King are deleted and replaced by more neutral terms like King of the South Seas. In addition, there are people who want to preserve the author’s artistic freedom and want to respect the text as a piece of art in its own right. They advocate parental meta-linguistic comments in order to guide children in the reading process and make them aware of the different interpretations. Society thus wonders: Should discriminatory terms in children’s and youth literature be eliminated, replaced, or kept and commented (or explained)?
Since reactions from linguists and other scholars have been scarce on this topic, we take the opportunity to give our views – after all, linguistics also encompasses language criticism.
We are PhD scholarship holders, postgraduate members and collaborators of the project European Language Critism Online (Europäische Sprachkritik Online, ESO), which investigates language criticism across various European languages as part of the European Center for Linguistics (Europäisches Zentrum für Sprachwissenschaften, EZS, http://www.ezs-online.de). Each of us delineates his or her language-critical perspective on the topic. We then conclude this position paper with a language-critical recommendation that serves as a summary of our respective perspectives.
Read the entire contribution here:
“Professoren und Professorinnen” – a case for feminist language criticism?
The media has recently reported that Leipzig University now uses the grammatically feminine term “Professorin” for generic reference to designate both male and female professors. Potsdam University has also implemented a similar rule (cf. article in the Berliner Zeitung, Spiegel Online, June 4 and 5, 2013).
Potsdam University’s spokesperson Mangelsdorf explains the decision first with better readability. Second, she refers to the statement made by the University’s task group that proposed the change and that is of the opinion that – after centuries of patriarchal thinking – the time has come for a wholly feminine denomination (article in the Tagesspiegel on July 4, 2013). This decision has triggered strong reactions. On the one hand, feminists welcome the rule and see it as an important step towards more equal communication. Critics, on the other hand, consider the decision pointless say that this change will not affect the factual discrimination of women in the work domain. This is the most current example of a debate that has been going on since the 1980s on how gender equality may be achieved in the language use of forms of address and professional titles.
Read the entire contribution here:<|endoftext|>پتروتحلیل-وضعیت معاملات پتروشیمی ها در بورس کالا به هیچ وجه مناسب نیست.
مهندس حسینی پور رئیس هیئت مدیره کارگزاری باهنر در گفت وگو با خبرنگار "پتروتحلیل"، با بیان این مطلب افزود: در حال حاضر صادرات پتروشیمی ها به علت تحریم با مشکلاتی مواجه شده است از سوی دیگر نوسانات قیمت ارز و قیمت پایه نیز بر روی مجتمع ها تاثیر منفی گذاشته است.
وی افزود:صورت های مالی اکثر پتروشیمی ها در سال ۱۳۹۷ نشان دهنده افت میزان درآمد آنها است زیرا صادرات آنها به علت تحریم با موانعی روبه رو است.
وی گفت: وضعیت شرکت های تولید کننده قیر نیز به مراتب بدتر از پتروشیمی ها است و صادرات آنها به شدت با مشکل مواجه و مخازن آنها پر شده است.
مهندس حسینی پور در رابطه با راه کار پیش روی مجتمع ها گفت: باید در طی جلسه ای با حضور پتروشیمی ها، کارگزاری ها، بورس کالا و تولید کنندگان موانع صادراتی، ارزی و انتقال پول را مطرح کرده و به یک جمع بندی و راه حلی رسید.
وی در ادامه افزود: مشکلات تعهد ارزی حتی با وجود تسویه ریالی نیز یکی از مشکلات بزرگ صادرکنندگان است که هرچه سریعتر باید مرتفع شود زیرا موجب از دست رفتن بازار کشور های همسایه خواهد شد.<|endoftext|>Ankle sprains are a common sports injury that can disrupt your athletic goals and leave you sitting on the sidelines. If you are experiencing pain, swelling, and difficulty walking after twisting or rolling your ankle, a sprain could be the source of your symptoms. While this condition typically responds well to conservative care, prompt evaluation and treatment are essential to rule out—or confirm—the need for surgery and prevent complications like chronic ankle issues.
Delaying treatment, continuing to train on an injured ankle, or treating a sprained ankle incorrectly can allow a simple sprain to turn into something more serious. Don't risk it.
Working with an experienced podiatrist can help you recover from your injury and return to activity safely. Keep reading to learn more about ankle sprains and the treatment options available at Grandville Foot and Ankle.
The ankle joint is comprised of the tibia, fibula, and talus bones, and is held together by tough bands of tissue called ligaments. These strong, fibrous bands support and stabilize the joint to guard against excessive, abnormal, and injurious movements.
Sprains happen when one or more of the ligaments supporting the ankle joint are twisted or forced beyond their normal range of motion, causing the affected ligament(s) to stretch or tear. These injuries often happen while you're playing sports or participating in other athletic activities, but can be caused by something as simple as a misstep. Other common causes of ankle sprains include:
- Twisting your ankle
- Rolling your foot or ankle to the side
- Walking or exercising on uneven surfaces
- Having someone step or land on your foot
- Landing awkwardly after a jump or pivot
A sprained ankle can happen to anyone. However, some factors can make you more prone to sustaining this type of injury. These may include:
- Playing sports. Sprained ankles account for nearly a quarter of all reported sports-related injuries. They're particularly common among trail runners and people who enjoy soccer, tennis, football, basketball, volleyball, and other sports that require quick stops and pivots.
- Skipping your warm-up. Jumping right into activity without sufficiently warming up can make your ligaments more likely to stretch or tear, resulting in a sprain.
- Suddenly increasing activity duration or intensity. A harsh change to your sports or exercise routine can leave you vulnerable to injury.
- Wearing the wrong shoes. The shoes you choose can make you more susceptible to spraining your ankle. Footwear that is worn out, fits poorly, fails to provide sufficient support, or is the wrong type of shoe for the sport or activity in question can put your feet and ankles at risk.
- Pushing through fatigue. Stressing and straining your muscles and ligaments at—or near the end—of a game or activity can lead to ankle sprains.
- Having certain physical features or health problems. Foot shape and structural features can play a role in ankle sprains, as can obesity, which places excessive strain on the ankle bones, muscles, and ligaments.
- Having a prior history of ankle injuries. Hurting your ankle makes you much more likely to suffer a similar injury in the future. Returning to activity too soon can also increase the likelihood of repeated sprains.
Signs, Symptoms, and Diagnosis
The symptoms associated with a sprained ankle can vary depending on the severity of the injury. Common signs and symptoms include:
- A loud popping sensation or sound, and sudden pain as the ankle twists or rolls
- Pain and tenderness, especially when touching the ankle or putting weight on the affected foot
- Difficulty standing or walking
- Reduced range of motion
- Ankle instability
Symptoms sound familiar? Our podiatrist, Dr. Sarah Stewart, can perform a thorough examination and take advantage of X-rays, MRIs, CT scans, ultrasounds, and other diagnostic tools to confirm a sprain and rule out other types of ankle injuries.
Treating a Sprained Ankle
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The 1641 “Massachusetts Body of Liberties” was an extraordinary document, the first in New England to spell out the rights of citizens. Most of the protections were afforded only to men, but a few were also extended to women.
Note: Spelling and the use of capital letters have been modernized.
14. Any conveyance or alienation of land or other estate whatsoever, made by any woman that is married, any child under age, idiot or distracted person, shall be good if it be passed and ratified by the consent of a General Court.
Liberties of Women.
80. Every married woman shall be free from bodily correction or stripes by her husband, unless it be in his own defence upon her assault. If there be any just cause of correction, complaint shall be made to authority assembled in some Court, from which only she shall receive it.
Liberties of Children
- With whom did Article 14 group women? What does this tell you about the status of women?
- Who was the final arbitrator of these regulations? Why?
- What protections were extended to women?<|endoftext|>5 California Art Movements to Collect
Trained as a chemist, Jess Collins (who went simply by “Jess”) decided to renounce science and pursue art full-time after having a gruesome nightmare about the end of the world. He began making art in 1949. Though he worked outside of the contemporary art mainstream, Jess ultimately gained critical esteem and is considered to have played a defining role in the late-20th-century Bay Area art scene. He is best known for his “Paste-Ups,” intricate collages of dizzying density and apparent seamlessness composed out of old book illustrations and images cut out of magazines. In his Translations paintings (1959-76), Jess accurately, and seemingly obsessively, reproduced images culled from children’s books and old science textbooks. He also made surrealistic sculptures out of an assortment of cast-off materials. Initially, most galleries considered his work too raw to show.
American, 1923-2004, Long Beach, California, based in San Francisco, California<|endoftext|>* Be able to prepare cyclohexene from the dehydration of cyclohexanol * Understand the mechanisms of the dehydration reaction (acid-catalyzed dehydration). * Know how to use the necessary equipment for this reaction, such as the fractioning column. * Obtain positive results in unsaturation tests for the presence of carbon-carbon double bond (cyclohexene).
Cyclohexanol, the reagent of this experiment, is used in the production of nylon, paints, plastics, detergents, textiles and pesticides. The dehydration of cyclohexanol to cyclohexene can be accomplished by pyrolysis of the cyclic secondary alcohol with an acid catalyst at a moderate temperature or by distillation over alumina or silica gel. We will be performing catalysis by phosphoric acid. The mixture of cyclohexanol with phosphoric acid is heated in a flask equipped with a fractionating column, forming water. Further heating promotes the distillation of water and cyclohexene by the principle of stem distillation. A chaser solvent is added to recover of the reaction product that may get lost in the fractionating column. Cyclohexene itself is used in manufacturing of adipic acid, hexahydrobenzoic acid, maleic acid, cyclohexanol and cyclohexeneoxide. Further, it is used as a solvent.
Step 1: Protonation of the hydroxyl group (fast equilibrium)
Step 2: Ionization to a carbocation (slow, rate-limiting)
Step 3: Deprotonation of the carbocation to give the alkene
Macroscale and microscale: Organic experiments, 5th ed. (2007), K.J. Williamson, R. Minard, and K.M Masters. Houghton Mifflin Company. P.p. 351-352. Organic Chemistry, 7th ed. (2010), L.G. Wade, Jr. Prentice Hall. P.p. 308-311 www.wikipedia.org
Name| Structure| Boiling point (°C)| Melting point (°C)| MW(g/mol) | Density (g/ml)| Amount| Cyclohexanol| | 160.84| 25.93| 100.16|...<|endoftext|>Yerel Para Birimleri Hakkında
Tüm müşterilerimiz ZMW cinsinden hesap açabilir ve bu para birimini para yatırma ve çekme işlemleri için kullanabilir. ZMW kullanarak da işlem yapabilirsiniz, bu ek dönüşümlerden kaçınmanıza olanak tanır.
ZMW Hesabının Avantajları
SuperForex ile İşlem Yapmanın Faydaları
Hesap Nasıl Açılır?
Formu doldur
Hesap Para Birimi olarak ZMW öğesini seçin
Para yatırın ve ticarete başlayın!<|endoftext|>به گزارش ایسنا، به نقل از خبرگزاری آسوشیتدپرس، معترضان یکشنبه شب در میدانی مقابل دفاتر دولتی که دو شب پیش درگیریها با پلیس ضد شورش در آنجا باعث شد تا بیش از ۵۰۰ تن به بیمارستان منتقل شوند، تجمع کرده و پرچمهای رومانی، ناتو و اتحادیه اروپا را تکان دادند.
معترصان شعار "استعفا، استعفا" سر داده و حزب حاکم سوسیال دموکرات را "طاعون سرخ" توصیف کردند. تعداد افسران پلیس حاضر در صحنه نسبت به دو شب قبل به ویژه جمعه شب که پلیس برای متفرق کردن معترضان به زور متوسل شد، کمتر بود.
منتقدان میگویند از زمان پیروزی حزب سوسیال دموکرات در انتخابات سال ۲۰۱۶ میلادی، رومانی در مبارزه با فساد عقب نشسته است. آنها خواستار استعفای دولت و برگزاری انتخابات جدید هستند.
انتهای پیام
منبع : ایسنا<|endoftext|>Muhabbet Kuşu Kafes Düzeni
Oyuncaklar: Muhabbet kuşları akıllı kuşlardır, fizyolojik olduğu kadar psikolojik ihtiyaçları da vardır. Fiziksel egzersiz yapmaları gaga bakımı içinde çok faydalıdır. Seçilen oyuncaklar kuşa zarar vermemelidir. Oyuncakların sayısı sınırlı olmalı, temiz tutulmalı ve kuşun ilgisini devam ettirmek için yer değiştirerek kullanılmalıdır. Eğer oyuncaklar seksüel bağlılık yaparsa oyuncak kafesten çıkarılmalıdır. Kuşun oyalanması için fındık, çilek, kiraz, bitki tomurcukları, bitki yaprakları, koçanlı mısır, küçük kabuklu tohumlar verilebilir.
Tünekler: Ağaçtan ve değişik kalınlıklarda birkaç tünek olması kuşun ayak sağlığının korunması için önemlidir. Muhabbet kuşları, genelde tüneğin kafesin en yükseğinde olmasını tercih ederler.
Kafes altlığı: Kafes altlığı olarak gazete kağıdı, kağıt mendil tercih edilmelidir. Altlık sıklıkla kontrol edilmelidir. Muhabbet kuşları kendi dışkılarıyla oynamayı ve dışkılarını yemeği severler. Bu davranış kuşun psikolojisi ve sağlığı için çok önemlidir kesinlikle engellenmemelidir.
Yavru aldıgımız kuşumuzu ilk 15 gün içinde kafesin içinde ayna kullanmamamızı tavsiye ediyorum.<|endoftext|>功能：她仍需寻找最佳答案...
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微博已经形成了用户.
作为她为德拉沙里埃旗下杂志工作时撰写的书评的稿费他坚称
2015年5月...
相关公司股权交割已顺利实施...
主要功能：北京和张家口正在携手准备2022年冬奥会申办工作
软件名称：90后年轻人和60岁以上老人在此项占比分别达到16.06%和13.37%；年收入1万元以下的低收入家庭占比超过17%；有创业意愿的受访者占比则高达30.03%...
明确的
扩大经贸投资和人文交流
木条一端有两口约10厘米长的铁钉扎在男子头部左侧
一站式
把心理健康服务列为所有人道援助优先处理项目之一叙利亚自2011年爆发内战以来
增强画面表达效果
;各方的信任更增几分即使是中美之间”“
全基地尚未实施尿液筛检官士兵252人<|endoftext|>Captain Karen Mann has been coming to the delta since she was a
little girl. Now she and her husband live in Discovery Bay,
and fish with their grandkids from their boat, the Karen Jane. She
says she's worried the state's plan to build a canal would destroy
the delta ecosystem.
MANN: "It would break my heart. It would just change the delta, the character of the delta so much."
Right now, two pumps at the southern end of the delta take water for more than 20 million people in Southern California and agriculture in the Central valley. These pumps sometimes suck in endangered species of salmon and smelt -- and can pull in so much water they make rivers run backwards.
The state proposal to pump fresh river water from north of the delta via a giant canal could ease this pressure.
But delta farmland owner Mike Robinson says the whole point of taking water from the south end of the delta was to keep freshwater flowing through the whole system.
ROBINSON: "If the water flows through, everybody benefits. The exporters benefit, the locals benefit-- nobody has an advantage."
But if the canal plan goes through, Robinson says the incentive to maintain a healthy delta is gone. And he says, diverting freshwater from ever entering the delta will increase the already-rising salinity.
But water resource engineer Jay Lund of UC Davis says the increase in delta salt levels would be small.
LUND: "In our modeling results, we're not seeing a tremendous
effect. We're seeing 1 percent or less effect on agricultural
Just how to restore the delta and still provide water to Californians is an ongoing question -- with more than ecosystems at stake. The delta contains a network of 1,100 miles of levees that protect 4 million people and a $5 billion agriculture industry.<|endoftext|>Ukrayna krizi nedeniyle gerginlik yaşanan Berlin-Moskova hattında buzlar sinemada eritilmeye çalışılacak. Alman aktör Til Schweiger ile Rusya'nın gişe rekortmeni oyuncusu Fedor Bondarchuk'u buluşturan ise 'Antalyagrad' isimli film. Antalya'da çekilecek komedi filminde çocuklarını yanına alarak Antalya'ya tatile gelen iki dul babanın birbirleriyle tanışmaları, çapkınlık maceraları ve kültür çatışmaları esprili bir dilde anlatılacak. Çekimler gelecek yıl tamamlanacak. Rus oyuncu Bondarchuk, Stalingrad filmini de yönetmişti.<|endoftext|>Author: Dr Nancy Malik
All systems of medicine are prepared and administered in doses whose concentration can be quantified to be below Avogadro’s limit except for homeopathic medicine which is available both below (hormetic) as well as above (beyond the reciprocal of Avogadro’s Number, also known as avogram) Avogadro’s limit. Homeopathic medicines are prepared by a pharmacological process of Potentisation /trituration in any of the three scales of potencies: Decimal (X), Centesimal (C) and Millesimal (LM). Each dilution step divides the original quantity by 10, 100 and 50,0000 respectively.
1 mole of a substance contains as many grams of substance as its atomic mass and contains 6.02254 x 1023molecules. Conventional medicine is generally available at concentrations between micromolar (10-6M, the equivalent in homeopathy is 6X/3C) and nanomolar (10-9M, the equivalent in homeopathy is 9X/4.5C). In the decimal and centesimal scale of dilution, concentration of active medicinal substance in the water-ethanol solution reduces to 1/10 and 1/100 of the original concentration respectively. At 23X, the number of molecules reduces theoretically to 6.022 and 0.6022 at 24X. At 11C, the number of molecules reduces theoretically to 60.22 and 0.6022 at 12C. In terms of moles per litre, 12C contains 10-24 mol/L i.e. 0.6022 molecules/L i.e. 1 molecule/L. Even a single molecule can trigger or regulate a series of chain reactions that leads to activation of specific cell functions . The probability of finding 1 molecule of the n molecules of the original substance in 24X/12C potency and above is extremely small, but not zero .
The Avogadro’s limit (10-23M) for homeopathic solution is 23X/11C/LM4. Potencies up to 23X/11C/LM4 contain concentrations (molecules) of the remedy source material and nanoparticles also. Measurable quantities of pharmacologically active compounds have a clear-cut, objective effect on the human body.
Emergence of Nanomedicine
In a paper published in 1801, Hahnemann mentioned the prophylactic properties of Belladonna for the treatment of scarlet fever as well as the method of preparation for potentised Belladonna to 1/24,000,000 dilution. He wrote, “we dissolve a grain (1 grain = 0.06479891 grams) of this powder … in one hundred drops (1 drop=0.05 ml)of common distilled water, by rubbing it up in a small mortar; we pour the thick solution into a one-ounce bottle, and rinse the mortar and the pestle with three hundred drops of diluted alcohol (five parts of water to one of spirit), and we then add this to the solution, and render the union perfect, by diligently shaking the liquid. We label the bottle strong solution of belladonna. One drop of this is intimately mixed with three hundred drops of diluted alcohol by shaking it for a minute, and this is marked medium solution of belladonna. Of this second mixture one drop is mixed with two hundred drops of the diluted alcohol, by shaking for a minute, and marked weak solution of belladonna; and this is our prophylactic remedy for scarlet-fever, each drop of which contains the twenty-four millionth part of a grain of the dry belladonna juice.”
Hahnemann recommended the administration of one drop which is equivalent to 0.0416 nanograms of Belladonna and to repeat the dose every 72 hours. This is the first recorded nanodose of medicine used in the treatment of any disease in medical history. Samuel Hahnemann is credited with the method of preparation and prescription of nanodoses of medicine.
In 1805, Hahnemann crossed Avogadro’s limit (Avogadro’s limit was however unknown at that time, it was discovered only in 1860), and the 18c potency appears for the first time. Homeopathic medicines above Avogadro’s limit are known as super-Avogadro dilutions or potentised high dilutions.
Reducing particle size increases surface area. Nanoparticles are nano-size particles (1-100 nanometers diameter) having a large surface area to volume ratio which gives them different properties from those bulk forms of the same material . Nanodoses of medicinal agents have several benefits over crude doses of the same substance, including enhanced bioavailability, chemical and biological reactivity, adsorptive capacity, intracellular accessibility, increased ability to cross cell membranes and even the blood brain barrier, and of course, a substantial better safety profile (because of reduced toxicity) . Nanoparticles can distinguish between healthy and unhealthy cells while bulk concentrations of medicine cannot.
The body runs on micro and nanodoses. The levels of hormones and cell signaling agents in our body is in the picograms/mililitre range such as 10–900 pg/ml for estradiol, 300–10,000 pg/ml for testosterone, and 8–27 pg/ml for T4. These small amounts are known to have a profound effect on the human body
Search for Nanoparticles in Homeopathic Solutions
The presence of molecules of the original substance beyond Avogadro’s limit was first mentioned in the French book Recherché expérimentale moderne en homéopathie (Modern Experimental Research in Homeopathy) authored by Maurice Plazy and Robert Mergerin in 1967 .
Research carried out by a team from the Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT-B) and published in Homeopathy(Elsevier) in 2010 indicates the presence of 1-4000 picograms/mililitre of fine nanoparticles (5-15 nanometer size) of the original starting material (one molar concentration) in 200c (dilution of 1 part in 10 raised to 400 parts) potency of metal-derived homeopathic medicines. This study concluded that by using transmission electron microscopy, electron diffraction and atomic spectroscopy it is possible to measure the quantity of nanoparticles found in homeopathic medicines which retain their potency even when diluted to a nanometre or one-billionth of a metre.
In an article published in The Times of India, the third largest circulating newspaper in the world, dated 16 Dec 2010 titled: “IIT-B Team Shows How Homeopathy Works”, the co-author of the paper and Head of Chemical Engineering Department at IIT-B, Dr. Jayesh Bellare, said, “Homeopathy has been a conundrum for modern medicine. Its practitioners maintained that homeopathic pills got more potent on dilution, but they could never explain the mechanism scientifically enough for modern scientists” .
In his lecture, “Homeopathy as Nanomedicine”, at the World Homeopathic Congress 2011 , held in New Delhi, India from 1-4 Dec 2011, Dr. Jayesh said, “Even the highest dilutions of remedies have left signatures of respective original molecules in their nanoparticle form, when subjected to electron microscopy studies, validated later by wavelength analysis.” He related how the succussion process could ‘break the quantum domain’ of a medical substance and accelerate-decelerate protein activity, like electro-magnetic waves do.
But what about potencies greater than 200c. Do the potencies above 200c fall under the ambit of nanomedicine? As of now it has not been possible to quantify the amount of active ingredient in potencies above 200c. Logically potencies above 200c should contain even less amount of active ingredient.
Research carried out jointly by the Indian Institute of Technology Delhi (IIT-D) and the Central Council for Research in Homeopathy (Government of India) and published in the International Journal of High Dilution Research in 2011, indicates the presence of crystalline nanoparticles (100 nanometre) in 15c potencies of plant-derived homeopathic medicines. They used energy dispersive X-ray analysis, selected area nan
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iah Dunham plotted the town center, with lots for a public square, town hall, and a school; Dunham's own house remains opposite the square. The town hall (1874) became the home of the BEDFORD HISTORICAL SOCIETY after the dissolution of the township in 1951. Bedford was the birthplace of ARCHIBALD M. WILLARD†, painter of the SPIRIT OF `76, and the home of Dr. THEODATUS A. GARLICK†, eminent surgeon and scientist. The opening of the OHIO AND ERIE CANAL (1827) and the Cleveland & Pittsburgh Railroad (1852) encouraged industrial development. In 1901 the 100' high stone arch railroad viaduct, built in 1864 over Tinker's Creek, was largely buried with fill when the rail line relocated; in 1993 the State Department of Transportation planned to develop the viaduct area as a park. In 1881 the Connotton Valley Railroad opened through Bedford; the Akron, Bedford & Cleveland interurban line operated between 1895 and 1932 (see INTERURBANS). Local INDUSTRY included the B. L. Marble Co. (inc. 1894), HOLSEY GATES†'s Bedford Roller Mill (1876-1908), the McMyler-Interstate Co. (pioneers in the design, development, and manufacturing of ore- and coal-handling equipment), Owen Tire & Rubber, Bedford Distillery, and, after World War II, manufacturers of machine parts, china, and precision instruments. The City of Bedford adopted a charter and the city manager plan of government (effective 1932). The population in 1940 was 7,390. The Vincentian Sisters of Charity came to Bedford in 1928, erecting the Villa San Bernardo in 1932. With a population of 14,822 in 1995, Bedford had 16 churches, including Catholic, Orthodox, and Protestant denominations, and was home to the Southeast Branch of the CUYAHOGA COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY SYSTEM (CCPL). By 2000 the population had contracted slightly to 14, 214. In spring 2003 the city hall moved into a new municipal complex, constructed at 165 Center Road.
Last Modified: 11 May 2003 05:54:17 PM
This site maintained by Case Western Reserve University<|endoftext|>Gebelikte ultrason muayenesi pek çok ülkede yaygın bir uygulamadır. Gebelik haftası, fetus sayısı, fetusun kalp atışları ve plasentanın yerleşimini değerlendirmede kullanılan güvenilir bir araçtır. Buna ek olarak pek çok yapısal kusurlar ve bebeğin büyümesindeki belirgin anormallikler de tespit edilebilmektedir.
Genel olarak, iyi bir görüntüleme güvenilir, yüksek özgüllük ve hassasiyette, ideal olarak olabildiğince kısa sürede, olabildiğince az hasta hazırlığı gerektiren ve maliyet açısında uygun olmalıdır. Önemli hastalık ya da kusurları bulunan fetusları olabildiğince erken haftalarda yakalayarak gerekli tedavi, yönetim ya da doğum planını yapacak süre kazandırmalıdır.
Gebelikte hiç ultrason yapılmayan gebelerde kıyaslandığında gebelik yaşının hesaplanması, çoğul gebeliklerin ve doğumsal kusurların tespitinin ultrason yapılan kadınlarda daha başarılı olduğu pek çok çalışmada gösterilmiştir.
Teknolojik gelişmeler, artan tecrübe ve görüntülemede titizlik sayesinde artık bazı doğumsal kusurlar gebeliğin ilk 14 haftasında bile tespit edilebilmektedir. Bununla birlikte rutin detaylı anomali taramasının 18-22. gebelik haftalarında yapılması önerilmektedir. Bu tarama fetal anatominin değerlendirilmesinin yanı sıra amniyosentez gibi tanısal işlemlerin yapılmasında da yol gösterici olmaktadır. Tespit edilebilecek doğumsal kusurlar ya da kromozom hastalıkları durumunda gebeliğin devamı ya da sonlandırılması için aileye danışmanlık hizmeti sağlanarak yönetim planı çizilir.
İkinci bir detaylı ultrason değerlendirmesi gelişmekte olan beyin ve kalp yapılarını gözden geçirmek adına 28-32. gebelik haftaları arasında yapılabilmektedir.
16-24. gebelik haftalarında yapılacak ultrasonografi ile kısa serviks (rahim boynunda kısalık) tespit edilerek erken doğumu önlemek adına tedavi başlanabilir.<|endoftext|>1. 本文介绍了一种通过开发有效的小分子辅助剂来恢复和增强现有抗生素对耐药革兰阴性细菌的功效的方法。
2. 研究人员通过合成和筛选多个小分子化合物，发现其中一些化合物能够显著提高抗生素对耐药细菌的杀菌活性。
3. 这些小分子辅助剂与抗生素共同作用，通过不同机制增强了抗生素的杀菌效果，并且在体内实验证明其对治疗耐药细菌感染具有潜在的临床应用前景。
很抱歉，我无法对给定的文章进行详细的批判性分析。<|endoftext|>好久没有听到关于看护巨龙的音讯了，要知道它们但是艾泽拉斯非常重要的一员，虽然在与逝世之翼的战役中失去了看护巨龙之力，但巨龙的故事远未完毕。
卡雷苟斯现在仍是达拉然议会成员，不过名为卡雷，并且一向以半精灵形状而存在。在焚烧军团侵略破碎群岛之际，吉安娜终因不欢迎部落重回达拉然愤然离去，扔掉了自己的男友卡雷，或者说这段人龙之恋仍是完毕了。即便如此，卡雷仍是坚守在达拉然，致力于保护人间平和，而他的蓝龙军团早在打败逝世之翼后就现已解散了。
相同是在《军团再临》材料片中，玛法里奥为了解救瓦尔莎拉呼唤了绿龙女王伊瑟拉，但后者不幸被梦魇之王萨维斯所害，直到勇士们进入翡翠梦魇打败了萨维斯净化了翡翠梦境，伊瑟拉仍然没有被复生，打那今后巨龙的故事就算是中断了。
也正因如此，不少人估测魔兽国际9.0材料片或与巨龙有关，终究巨龙的故事现已中断了好久，并且必定没有完毕。一来便是红龙女王终究一次出面是在官方小说《战役罪过》中，她作为证人到会了对脑残吼的审判，那今后她算得上归隐田居，不再关怀俗人之事。二来便是青铜龙诺兹多姆再三判定自己会在未来蜕化，变成可怕的永久龙王姆诺兹多，然后给艾泽拉斯带来巨大灾祸，但他不知道为何蜕化以及何时蜕化。
黑龙王逝世之翼已死，现在幸存的黑龙除了拉希奥等现已少之又少，根本不会再有太大的故事了。但不要忘掉，在龙眠神殿的下方还有3个位面并没有敞开，那是绿龙、蓝龙、青铜龙的圣地，没有人知晓那里边终究隐藏着什么。
一般说来，诺兹多姆的蜕化很有或许成为9.0材料片的首要剧情，此事一旦发作巨龙们就不得不再次为了捍卫时刻而战。特别玩家所熟知的青铜龙克罗米，他也预言过诺兹多姆的蜕化，但相同不知终究为何以及无力去改动这段时刻流，果然发作这样的工作，那凶恶的永久龙军团势必会成为艾泽拉斯新的敌人。
为此阿莱克斯塔萨和卡雷苟斯不得不再次回归，就连绿龙女王伊瑟拉也有大概率被复生，而诺兹多姆也会成为终究BOSS，至此关于巨龙的故事也将完全被告知清楚。
现在看来这种估测仍是蛮有道理的，从前的《德拉诺之王》材料片就现已有了巨大的穿越，假设剧情真的和青铜龙有关那再次穿越自会更为简略，并且这也足以合作新职业“韶光旅行者”，终究下一个材料片又要参加新职业。
假设打完了艾萨拉、恩佐斯再和龙族开战，你会喜爱吗？<|endoftext|>Chile’s Earthquake Changed Earth’s Mass Distribution & Shortened Days
Large magnitude earthquakes, such as Chile’s 8.8 magnitude earthquake, can redistribute mass in Earth’s crust enough to change the day length. Why?
Dr. Richard Gross, at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, calculated that the Richter magnitude 8.8 earthquake in Chile in 2010 speeded up Earth’s rotation. According to his calculations, the Chile earthquake shortened Earth’s days by about 1.26 microseconds. Gross also calculated that the undersea earthquake that caused the disastrous December 2004 tsunami shortened Earth’s day by 2.68 microseconds.
Amounting to only about 1 part in 100 billion, these shorter days hardly explain why it keeps getting harder to find time to do everything. They are, however, real if imperceptible.
How do earthquakes affect Earth’s rotation?
During earthquakes, the ground shakes as tectonic plates shift along a fault line. Tectonic plates can move horizontally or vertically. Either way masses of rock in Earth’s crust change location. The mass distribution in Earth’s crust changes. While very significant to people living near the earthquake zone, the masses of rock that move are very small compared to Earth’s mass.
Conservation of Angular Momentum
In physics, the law of conservation of angular momentum requires that the total angular momentum of a system with no external torques (rotational forces) remains constant. Angular momentum is how physicists measure the amount of spinning motion. Hence, angular momentum conservation requires an object with no external rotational forces to keep the same amount of spinning motion.
Physicists call the angular rotation rate angular velocity. The angular analog to mass is the moment of inertia. Analogous to linear momentum being mass multiplied by velocity, angular momentum is the moment of inertia multiplied by angular velocity.
In order to keep the angular momentum constant, if the moment of inertia increases, the angular velocity decreases. If however the moment of inertia decreases, the angular velocity increases.
Moment of Inertia
The moment of inertia of a point mass is its mass multiplied by the square of its distance from the rotation axis. For an extended mass, the total moment of inertia is the total of the moments of inertia for each point in the mass distribution.
The key idea is that the moment of inertia involves the mass and the distance from the rotational axis. If the distribution of mass in an object changes so that its average distance from the rotational axis changes, then its moment of inertia changes.
Earthquakes and Earth’s Moment of Inertia
As an earthquake shifts rock in Earth’s crust; it changes how Earth’s mass is distributed. Earthquakes that move tectonic plates vertically change the distance of the tectonic plate from Earth’s rotational axis. This small distance change affects Earth’s moment of inertia, which will in turn change, ever so slightly, Earth’s rotation rate.
If part of a tectonic plate moves downward, its distance from Earth’s rotational axis decreases. Earth’s moment of inertia decreases. Earth’s angular velocity increases to conserve angular momentum. As Earth spins faster, the day length shortens an imperceptible amount. If the tectonic plate moves upward, the opposite occurs and the day gets longer.
The day got shorter after the major earthquakes in 2010 and 2004 because tectonic movements shifted some mass closer to Earth’s rotation axis, decreased Earth’s moment of inertia, and increased Earth’s rotation rate. The detailed calculations are very complex, but the fundamental physics principle is less difficult to understand.
The fundamental physics involved is the same principle that causes figure skaters to spin more or less rapidly as they move their arms in or out.
The beauty of physics lies in the ability of simple principles, like conservation of angular momentum, to explain disparate phenomena such as Earth’s changing rotation rate, figure skaters spinning, balancing bicycles, spinning tops, and gyroscopic compasses.<|endoftext|>Destek Eğitim Odasında Öğrencilere Grup Oluşturularak Eğitim Verilebilir mi?
Destek eğitim odasında öğrencilerin eğitim performansları dikkate alınarak birebir eğitim yapılır. Ancak; BEP geliştirme birimi gerektiğinde eğitim performansı aynı seviyede olan öğrencilerle birebir eğitimin yanında en fazla 3 öğrencinin bir arada eğitim alacağı grup eğitimi yapılması için de karar verebilir.
Kaynak: Destek Eğitim Odası Kılavuzu<|endoftext|>در اين نوشته می خوانيد :
- 1 چه عواملی روی طول مدت درمان با بریس ها تأثیر می گذارند؟
- 2 به طور متوسط ، درمان ارتودنسی چه مدت طول می کشد؟
- 3 چرا درمان ارتودنسی اینقدر طولانی می شود؟
- 4 باید ها و نباید ها
- 5 فواید استفاده از بریس ها چیست؟
- 6 چه زمانی باید با پزشک یا دندانپزشک صحبت کنیم؟
- 7 سخن پایانی
هر زمان که سفری را آغاز می کنیم، تمرکز ما معمولاً روی مقصد است: این هدف است. وقتی صحبت از درمان ارتودنسی می شود، یکی از اولین مواردی که به ذهن بیمار خطور می کند این است که چه زمانی به اتمام می رسد.
درمان عدم همراستایی دندان ها اغلب شامل استفاده از بریس ها یا الاینرها برای مدت زمان قابل توجهی است. مقدار زمانی که لازم است بریس ها یا الاینرها را بپوشید، بر اساس نیازهای درمانی شما متفاوت خواهد بود، اما رفتارهای شما نیز می تواند روی مدت زمان درمان تأثیر بگذارد.
اطمینان حاصل کنید که توصیه های ارتودنتیست خود را دنبال می کنید و عادات سالم را هنگام استفاده از بریس ها حفظ کنید. این می تواند با اثربخشی طرح درمان شما ارتباط داشته باشد و به جلوگیری از افزایش طول درمان با بریس ها، به مدت چند ماه اضافی کمک کند.
چه عواملی روی طول مدت درمان با بریس ها تأثیر می گذارند؟
میانگین مدت زمان برای بریس ها بین 1 تا 3 سال است. اما بسته به شرایط خود، ممکن است برای مدت زمان کوتاه تر یا طولانی تری به آنها نیاز داشته باشید.
در اینجا به بیان برخی از عوامل می پردازیم که می توانند روی مدت زمان نیاز به استفاده از بریس ها تأثیر بگذارد.
دندان های شما چقدر کج هستند
یک دلیل شایع که ممکن است به دلیل آن مجبور باشید از بریس ها استفاده کنید این است که دندان های شما فشرده و نامرتب هستند، رو به بیرون منحرف هستند یا خیلی از هم فاصله دارند. برای جلوگیری از ایجاد حفره های دندانی، بیماری لثه و فرسایش مینای دندان ها باید به دنبال درمان برای این موارد باشید.
طول مدت زمانی که برای درمان این شرایط بریس ها را استفاده می کنید، بر اساس شدت آن می تواند متفاوت باشد. به عنوان مثال، همراستا کردن دندان های شما ممکن است شامل کشیدن دندان ها برای ایجاد فضای بیشتر داخل دهان شما باشد.
بایت شما
نحوه قرار گیری دندان های دو فک بالا و پایین شما و نسبت این دو فک با یکدیگر تحت عنوان بایت شناخته می شود.
بایت ممکن است آنگونه که باید، در یک راستا قرار نگیرد، و ممکن است شما برای یکی از انواع بایت زیر به درمان نیاز داشته باشید:
- اپن بایت
- دیپ بایت
- آندربایت
- کراس بایت
درمان بایت با بریس ها می تواند طولانی تر از به سادگی درمان کردن دندان های ناهمراستا با بریس ها باشد.
نوع بریس ها
اشکال مختلفی از درمان ارتودنسی وجود دارند، و این انواع مختلف می تواند روی مدت زمان درمان شما تأثیر بگذارد.
- بریس های فلزی. اینها شامل براکت هایی هستند که به دندان های شما چسبانده می شوند و یک سیم فلزی از داخل آنها عبور می کند که آنها را به هم وصل می کند. ارتودنتیست شما هر چند هفته یک مرتبه این سیم ها را محکم می کند تا دندان های شما را به آرامی همراستا کند. اینها معمولاً برای اصلاح جدی تر ناهمراستایی دندان ها توصیه می شود.
- الاینرهای شفاف. این تری های متحرک، شفاف و پلاستیکی- مانند، با جابجا شدن دندان های شما، هر چند هفته تعویض می شوند. می توانید تری ها را برای تمیز کردن دندان های خود خارج کنید اما تقریباً تمام روز باید آنها را بپوشید. عدم پیروی از طرح درمان، مدت زمان مورد نیاز برای استفاده از آنها را طولانی تر خواهد کرد. وقتی نوبت بستن فضاهای به جا مانده از کشیدن دندان می رسد، الاینرهای شفاف بهترین انتخاب نیستند.
- بریس های زبانی یا پشت دندانی. اینها بریس های فلزی هستند که به پشت دندان های شما چسبانده می شوند. آنها در مقایسه با بریس های فلزی یا الاینرهای شفاف، به همان اندازه یا حتی بیشتر مؤثر هستند. بریس های زبانی یا پشت دندانی زیباترین نوع بریس ها هستند.
یک مطالعه جامع در سال 2019 نشان داد که افرادی که از الاینرهای شفاف استفاده می کنند، نسبت به افرادی که از بریس های فلزی سنتی استفاده می کنند، آنها را برای مدت زمان کمتری استفاده می کنند. اما افرادی که الاینرهای شفاف را استفاده می کردند، نسبت به آنهایی که بریس های فلزی استفاده کرده بودند، مشکلات بایت کمتری داشتند.
ابزارهای اضافی ارتودنسی
درمان ارتودنسی شما ممکن است شامل چیزی بیشتر از صرفاً بریس ها باشد، و اینها می توانند روی طول طرح درمان شما تأثیر بگذارند. برخی از این ابزارهای اضافی ارتودنسی عبارتند از:
- رابر بندها: اینها برای درمان مشکلات قرار گیری فک ها به بریس ها متصل می شوند.
- پالاتال اکسپندر یا وسیع
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için güçlü yanlarınızı tanımanız ve sahip olmanız gerekir.
Bir kadının güçlenmesi ve iş uzmanı, akıl hocası ve konuşmacı Heather Monahan, Elite Daily'ye herkesin kendileri hakkında tanımlanması ve takdir edilmesi gereken favori bir özelliği olduğunu söylüyor. En iyi özelliğinizin ne olabileceğinden emin değilseniz, Monahan bir arkadaşınızdan sizin için göstermesini istemenizi önerir.
4. ne istediğinizi sormaktan korkma
Kendini beğenmiş ve sonra güven var. Popüler inanışın aksine, ikisi eş anlamlı değildir.
İstediğiniz şeyi elde etmek için bratty olmanız gerekmez, ancak kendinizi iş anlamına gelen bir şekilde sunmanız gerekir. Düz durun, gözlere bakın ve cevap için hayır almayacağınızı (en azından akıl içinde) bildirin.
Monahan, hayatta, sadece istemek için cesaretiniz olan şeyi alacağınızı söylediğinde kesinlikle doğrudur. 'Yapmazsan,' diye ekliyor, 'başkası yapacak.'
5. Kendinizi Pompalayın
Ne zaman bir güven artırımına ihtiyaç duyduğumda, kocam veya annemi her zaman hızlı bir konuşma için çağırırım. Bir iş görüşmesine veya sunumundan önce bir arkadaşınıza telefon etmek harika, ancak yaşam çizgilerinizin mevcut olmaması durumunda, güveninizi artırmak ve çalıştırmak için birkaç kelime tavsiyeniz veya bir pompa çalma listeniz olmalıdır.
`` Herhangi bir göreve girmeden önce aklımı doğru anlıyorum, '' diyor Monahan Elite Daily'ye. “Benim için bu Beyoncé’nin Sasha Fierce kanalını gösteriyor. Sizi harekete geçiren müzikleri dinleyin, hayallerinizin ötesinde bir şey başardığınız zamanı düşünün; bu duyguyu yakala ve senin içinden parlamasına izin ver. '
6. Olumsuz Kendi Kendine Konuşmaya Dikkat Edin
Şimdi özellikle bilinçli hissettiğimizde başvurmak için birkaç konuşma noktası bulduğumuza göre, olumsuz kendi kendine konuşmaya değinmenin tam zamanı.
Hepimiz bundan suçluyuz. Yetenek setimizin ötesine geçtiğini düşündüğümüz bir durum veya görev bize sunulduğunda, ilk tepkimiz güçlü yönlerimize oynamaktan ziyade zayıf yönlerimize odaklanmaktır. Kimsenin mükemmel olmadığı ve herkesin her şeyde üstünlük göstermeyeceği doğrudur. Yapabileceğimiz en az şey elimizden gelenin en iyisini yapmak ve başarısızlığın bir zayıflık işareti olmadığını fark etmektir; yeni bir şey öğrenmek için bir fırsattır.
Sağlık uzmanı ve Stop, Breathe & Think kurucu ortağı Jamie Price, başımızdan geçen olumsuz yorumları yazmamızı önermektedir.
Elit Daily'ye şöyle diyor:
Eğer [düşünceleriniz] karşı üretken ise, onları daha yararlı düşünme biçimlerine dönüştürmek için birkaç dakikanızı ayırın.
'Disiplinim yok' gibi bir şeyin basit bir şekilde değiştirilmesi 'Disiplin benim için zorlayıcıydı ama üzerinde çalışıyorum' önemli bir etkiye sahip olabilir.
7. Tuhaflıklarınızı Kucaklayın
Dürüst olmak gerekirse, tuhaflıklarınızdan ve sizi olduğunuz kişi yapan benzersiz özelliklerin toplamından gurur duyduğunuzu söyleyebilirseniz, orada yarı yoldasınız demektir. Madeline Familia'nın dediği gibi, 'içinde kozmopolit olanı kucakla'.
Creative Voices PR'ın CEO'su ve kurucusu Elite Daily'ye 'sizi farklı kılan şeyleri kucaklamanın çok önemli olduğunu söylüyor.
Devam ediyor,
Saç dokunuz, ten renginiz, aksanınız, bedeniniz ve kültürünüz olsun, tüm benzersiz niteliklerinizi sevin ve kendinizi asla başkalarıyla karşılaştırmayın.
Eşsiz niteliklerinizi kucakladıktan sonra, kendinizle daha iyi bir ilişkiniz ve daha olumlu bir takdiriniz olacak.
Bireyselliğimiz, her birimizi özel kılan şeydir. Sizi farklı kılan şeyleri kucaklayabildiğinizde, diğerleri de olacaktır.
8. Kanal Pozitif Enerji
Hiç çekim yasasını duydunuz mu? Bunun süper yeni bir acı ve açık bir manevi olarak ortaya çıkabileceğini biliyorum, ama şahsen verdiğiniz enerjinin aldığınız enerji olduğuna inanıyorum.
'İyi hislerin' bir şey olmasının bir nedeni var dostlarım. Bu bir klişe değil ve basmakalıp hippi mantrasının çok ötesine geçiyor. Pozitif enerji bir zihniyettir.
Motivasyonel konuşmacı ve hayırsever Soulaima Gourani'ye göre, özgüven geliştirme söz konusu olduğunda 'canlı' bir enerji duygusuna sahip olmak önemlidir.
Elite Daily'ye şöyle diyor:
İnsanlar enerjiden besleniyor. Heyecan ve sevinç gösterirseniz, bu enerji alıcıya aktarılabilir ve sizi daha güvende hissetmenizi sağlar.
9. Uygulama Meditasyonu
Meditasyon zihninizin iç işleyişine odaklanmanıza yardımcı olur. Güvensizliklerinize biraz ışık tutmaya çalışırken, bazen ihtiyacınız olan tek şey sessiz bir alan ve çok fazla içgözlem odağıdır.
DeRose Metodu danışmanı Gustavo Oliveira, Elite Daily'ye,
Meditasyon kişisel farkındalık geliştirmenize yardımcı olabilir, bu da kendinizi nasıl çalışacağınızı öğrenmenize yardımcı olur ve güvensizliklerinizin nereden kaynaklanabileceğini görmenizi sağlar.
Günlük meditasyon, korkularınızı ve düşük özgüveninizi tetikleyen şeyin tam olarak ne olduğunu anlamanıza yardımcı olabilir. Bu tetikleyicilerin ne olduğunu anladıktan sonra, tutumlarınızı ve davranışlarınızı yeniden şekillendirmek için çalışırsınız.
Kollarınızı yukarı doğru süpürün, ellerinizi kalp merkezine getirin ve benden sonra tekrarlayın: Bütün gün Namaste güven.<|endoftext|>户内高压负荷开关在安装后，合理的进行调试是很重要的，做好了调试工作才能保证其良好的性能，那么我们要如何正确的进行调试呢?
1、如安装带有高压熔断器的负荷开关,安装前应检查熔断器的额定电流是否与设计相符。熔断器的两端罩应封焊牢固,端罩不应活动,否则应更换。安装熔断器时应小心谨慎,防止损坏瓷件,熔管应紧密地插入钳口内。高压负荷开关的安装要注意这些问题。
2、合闸时，开关应准确闭合，无任何撞击现象。分闸时，手柄向下转动约150°时开关应自动分离，动触头抽出消弧腔时，应突然以高速跳出，之后仍以正常速度分离，否则需检查分闸弹簧。
3、负荷开关的主刀片和辅助刀片的动作顺序是合闸时辅助刀片先闭合,主刀片后闭合。分闸时主刀片先断开,辅助刀片后断开。合闸时主刀片上的小塞子应正确插入灭弧装置的喷嘴内,不应剧烈地碰撞喷嘴,以免将喷嘴碰坏。
所以说户内高压负荷开关安装后，一定要注意调试，只有调试通过的产品才能投入使用。
更多户内高压负荷开关相关信息请浏览：http://www。cnyuzhe。cn/<|endoftext|>نظم و تکثر
تعریف فرهنگ، همواره یکی از مشکلات اساسی در حوزه انسان شناسی به شمار می آمده است. در اواخر قرن نوزده ادوارد برنت تایلر، تعریفی از فرهنگ ارائه داد که همه باورها و رفتارها و به عبارتی تمام اشکال مادی و غیر مادی یک پهنه سرزمینی را در آن جای می داد، در اواسط قرن بیستم ، دو انسان شناس آمریکایی کلاکهاون و کروبر کتابی منتشر کردند که در آن تلاش کرده بودند تمام تعاریف فرهنگ را تا آن روزگار جمع آوری کنند. نمونه ای از این کتاب را نیز آقای داریوش آشوری در زبان فارسی منتشر کردند که با عنوان «تعریف ها و مفاهیم فرهنگ» از جمله معدود آثاری است که تعاریف ارائه شده را گردآوری و طبقه بندی کرده است.
موضوع تعریف فرهنگ از آن رو ما را مستقیما به مفهوم انسجام فرهنگی می رساند که مشکل اساسی تعریف تایلر تا حدی با افزودن مفهوم کارکرد انسجام دهنده فرهنگ به آن جبران شد و این موضوع خود با مفهوم انسجام اجتماعی رابطه داشت. در حقیقت، اجماعی نسبی در حوزه علوم اجتماعی وجود دارد که جوامع انسانی در هر حجم و محتوایی که باشند از کوچکترین آنها تا بزرگترینشان، برای آنکه بتوانند به بقای خود ادامه دهند نیاز بدان دارند که اجزایشان با روابطی مادی و معنوی ساختارمند یا غیر ساختارمند با یکدیگر پیوند بخورند. در این رویکرد چه ما گروه کوچکی از دوستان را در نظر بگیریم و چه یک کشور یا دولت ملی را، بهر رو نیاز بدان وجود دارد که اجزائی که حوزه های مختلف در آنها روابطی را ایجاد کرده باشند که آن اجزاء را با یکدیگر نگه داشته و بنابراین به انسجام میان آنها امکان دهد. انسجامی که خود عاملی برای تداوم یافتن فیزیکی آن جامعه و بقای شناختی یا ذهنی آن باشد. این انسجام در بخش مهمی از خود ( که اگر تعریف تایلر را مد نظر داشته باشیم باید بگوئیم در کل خود) یک انسجام فرهنگی است. بدین ترتیب انسجام فرهنگی را می توان به صورتی موقت بدین گونه تعریف کرد: مجموعه ای از مشترکات فرهنگی مادی و غیر مادی در یک جامعه مشخص در زمان و مکانی مشخص که امکان تداوم یافتن کارکردی و شناختی آن جامعه را به وجود بیاورد.
با حرکت از این تعریف باید اکنون این پرسش را مطرح کرد که از کدام اجزاء برای انسجام فرهنگی یک جامعه می توان سخن گفت؟ بدون شک این اجزاء نمی توانند چیزهایی به جز همان ویژگی های مادی و غیر مادی فرهنگی باشند، ویژگی هایی نظیر نظام خویشاونندی و اجزایش(نام گذاری ها، دایره های همسر گزینی، روابط فرزندی و نیاکانی)، نظام اقتصادی ( روابط و مناسک و آیین های مبادله)، نظام دینی و اعتقادی ( در قالب های معنایی و شناختی آن) ، نظام سیاسی و غیره. اما بحث مهم در آن است که کدام یک از این نظام ها و یا اجزاء اهمیت بیشتری نسبت به سایر آنها دارند و به عبارت دیگر انسجام فرهنگی را عمدتا می توان بر چه عنصر یا عناصری بنا کرد.
واقعیت آن است که رویکردهای مختلف نظری در حوزه های انسان شناسی و جامعه شناسی در این مورد اجماع ندارند. رویکرد هایی که حوزه قدرت و هژمونی را در جوامع انسانی خوزه ای اساسی و مرکزی می دانند و ما در اینجا از این رویکرد حرکت می کنیم، در این رابطه بحثی مشخص دارند و آن این است که عامل اصلی و اساسی انسجام ، عامل «نظم» است که در قالبی هژمونیک ایجاد نوعی همگنی کوتاه مدت یا دراز مدت در جامعه می کند و این همگنی بنا بر تعریف و لزوما تقلیل دهنده است. به عنوان نمونه نمی توان یک دولت ملی را تصور کرد، بدون آنکه ما به تقلیل گرایی فرهنگی در مرزهای سیاسی آن، در زبان ملی آن، و حتی در حافظه تاریخی آن اذعان کنیم، یعنی بپذیریم که تشکیل آن از طریق «قربانی » شدن گروهی از ویژگی های فرهنگی برای ایجاد انسجام و یکدستی انجام گرفته است. در این معنا، مفهوم «تکثر» را باید با احتیاط زیادی به کار برد زیرا دقیقا در مقابل «نظم» می ایستد. «نظم»، سازوکاری است تقلیل دهنده، یعنی سازمان اجتماعی را بر اساس نقاط مشترکی بنا می کند که گاه ممکن است کمترین اشتراک واقعی را در میان همه اجزاء داشته باشند، ولی به نوعی یک «اجماع مقطعی» به حساب بیایند که بر آن اساس آن «نظم» (ولو سرکوبگرانه) ممکن شود. این در حالی است که «تکثر»، واقعیت موجودیت های فرهنگی است که درون اجزاء خود نه به صورت همزمان و نه به صورت درزمان (یعنی در طول یک خط زمانی- تاریخی) یکدست و همگن نیستند. در این نگاه، ما به تعداد افراد و حتی به تعداد موقعیت ها و قالب های زمانی – مکانی این افراد، وضعیت های فرهنگی و اجزاء فرهنگی داریم و این بدیهی است که بر اساس چنین وضعیتی پراکنده ای امکانی برای ایجاد نظم وجود ندارد. از این رو انسجام، سازوکاری تقلیل دهنده است. اما آیا می توان بدیلی برای این تقلیل دهندگی به خصوص در حوزه فرهنگ مطرح کرد؟
این پرسش شاید بزرگترین و اساسی ترین پرسشی باشد که در حال حاضر یعنی در مقطع کنونی در جهان معاصر با آن روبرو باشیم، به این دلیل ساده که مجموعه پی آمدهای انقلاب اطلاعاتی و تحولات فرهنگی، سیاسی، اقتصادی و غیره بعد از جنگ جهانی دوم، موقعیتی را به وجود آورده است که «تکثر فرهنگی» به اصل تبدیل شده است و انسجام و همگنی فرهنگی به نوعی «استثنا». موقعیت کشورهای توسعه یافته کنونی این را به خوبی نشان می دهد، زیرا تعداد بی شماری فرهنگ را در خود جای داده اند و تلاششان دائما بر آن است که این اختلافات و ناهمگنی ها را مدیریت کنند. وضعیت کشورهای توسعه یافته در برخی از کشورهای در حال توسعه نیز هم به صورت تاریخی (برای نمونه در ایران) و هم در موقعیت های معاصر (برای نمونه در در بالکان و اروپای شرقی) تکرار شده است. اما به هر تقدیر، در همه این موارد در چشم اندازی قابل تصور نمی توان تصور کرد که عنصر «نظم» و بنابراین تقلیل دهندگی فرهنگی را بتوان در سازمان یافتگی جوامع کنونی، به کنار نهاد. در این حال پرسش اساسی که مطرح می شود آن است که چگونه انسجام ضروری برای بقای جوامع را با واقعیت تکثر درون آنها همساز کرد. بحث در این مورد به نظر ما بسیار فراتر از یک «مدیریت فرهنگی تفاوت» می رود که در کشورهای توسعه یافته مطرح شده است و نیاز به تفکر درباره ریشه ها و دلایل به وجود آمدن تکثر و به ویژه تکثرهای ناشی از مهاجرت است که در جهان امروز موقعیت های بسیار سخت و گاه غیر قابل تحملی را به وجود می آورند.
برخی از جامعه شنانسان و انسان شناسان فرهنگی معتقدند در جهانی که با انقلاب اطلاعاتی به وجود آمده است، ما صرفا به دلیل برخورداری از امکانات بی پایان فناورانه دچار این تصور می شویم که می توان تا افق هایی بسیار دور دست در تفاوت فرهنگی پیش رفت، بدون آنکه انسجام فرهنگی دچار مشکل شود. بر عکس این گروه معتقدند که پس از گذشت موج اول و هیجان انگیزی که این فناوری های جدید به وجود آوردند و توهم زا بود ما در حال وارد شدن به موج دومی هستیم که باید بیشتر آنها را از دریچه دید آسیب شناسی بررسی کنیم. اینکه فراتر رفتن از حدی در تفاوت یابی و غیر همگن شدن فرهنگی، می تواند سلول ها و بافت های اجتماعی را به شدت شکننده کرده و راه را برای آنومی ها در انواع و اقسامشان باز کند. این موقعیتی است که از هم اکنون باید به آن اندیشید و در فکر یافتن راه حل هایی عملی برای آن بود.
ستون هفتگی نگارنده در روزنامه شرق، دوشنبه ها، ۱۷ خرداد ۱۳۸۹<|endoftext|>Alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC) is a rare genetic disorder that involves both paroxysmal and chronic neurological symptoms, and its name comes from the recurrent attacks of hemiplegia. Attacks have been known to affect either side in the same patient at different times, or even during the same attack (“alternating”).
Beyond that, AHC patients can have paroxysmal attacks involving a wide variety of other abnormalities of movement, including dystonia, quadriplegia, nystagmus, and gaze palsy, and autonomic symptoms. The paroxysmal symptoms resolve with sleep, but may recur after the child awakens.
A patient may have multiple types of episodes, as well as a progression of symptoms during a single attack; for example, from hemidystonia with eye jerking to hemiplegia to flaccid quadriparesis.
Attack frequency ranges from multiple daily episodes to one every few months, and attacks can be triggered by changes in temperature or lighting, exposures to water, foods, specific activities, and other environmental stressors. Although the hemiplegic attacks themselves are not epileptic, about half of patients with AHC will also develop epilepsy.
In addition to the paroxysms, patients with AHC develop chronic neurological symptoms over time, including developmental delay, impairments in areas of cognition, executive functioning, behavior problems, and movement abnormalities such as ataxia, choreoathetosis, dystonia, and persistent weakness.
Onset of symptoms in classical AHC occurs prior to 18 months of age, and the initial symptom is often a paroxysmal abnormality of eye movement, which can include unusual findings such as monocular nystagmus and is sometimes associated with respiratory abnormalities, with mean age at onset of 2 months. Hemiplegic and dystonic episodes follow with a mean age at onset of 6-7 months. The paroxysmal and chronic symptoms evolve over time and both may cause significant distress and impairment. Both epileptic seizures or paroxysmal attacks are potentially life-threatening, and can involve significant autonomic symptoms such as bradycardia, respiratory distress, or sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP).
Clinical suspicion for AHC in children with unexplained paroxysmal abnormalities of movement is essential to making the diagnosis, because the usual evaluations such as brain MRI, EEG, EMG, CSF analysis, and metabolic screening are often normal or non-specific in patients with
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28个位于欧盟内的政府网站，发现其中有25个网站含有广告追踪机制，更准确地说是184,683个网页含有追踪机制。
这些第三方的广告业者会尽可能地散播广告追踪机制，当使用者造访这些页面时，业者就能于使用者的浏览器上置入独特的标识符，借以纪录使用者的浏览行为，包括使用者所造访的网站、停留时间、滚动页面的速度与模式、点击或徘徊的内容，将这些行为资料与其它资讯结合就能建立个别使用者的档案。此外，业者之间还会透过同步Cookie、来交换使用者的标识符，意谓着它们将拥有更多的使用者数据，也许还能筛选出使用者的电子邮件、社交媒体帐号或真实姓名等。
而这些未征求使用者同意即植入广告追踪机制的第三方业者有52家在法国的政府网站上出没，27家聚集在拉脱维亚，分别有19家及18家位于比利时与希腊，只有西班牙、德国与荷兰的政府网站上没有出现广告追踪机制。
Cookiebot分析，政府网站通常不必仰赖广告营收，而且更有遵循GDPR的义务与责任，然而它们的网站却依然被广告追踪器给渗透。
除了政府机关的网站之外，业者的足迹也出现在欧盟地区的公共卫生服务网站，有52%的相关网站被植入了广告追踪机制，从这些追踪机制的聚集状态也可看出业者的兴趣，例如法国有一关于堕胎单一网页就吸引了21家业者，德国有一攸关产假的单一网页更聚集了63家业者。
Cookiebot发现，在政府网站的前五大追踪机制中，有3个属于谷歌，锁定公共卫生服务的前两大追踪机制都是源自谷歌，估计谷歌总计追踪了欧盟地区82%的政府网站及43%的公共卫生服务网站的使用者行为。
然而，目前上述都处于ePrivacy与GDPR法令的「模糊合法」地带，Cookiebot则认为使用者应该有知情的权利，呼吁业者在进行追踪之前最好先征求使用者同意。
本文由澳门新萄京娱乐场
发布，转载需要注明：编辑www.gzyunna.com<|endoftext|>HOW DOES RADON GET INTO YOUR HOME ?
Radon in air is ubiquitous. Radon is found in outdoor air and in the indoor air of buildings of all kinds. Radon typically moves up through the ground to the air space above and into your home through cracks and other penetrations in your foundation. Any home can have a radon problem. This means new amd old homes, well-sealed and drafty homes and homes with or without basements. The EPA recommends homes be fixed if the radon level is 4 pCi/L (picocuries per liter) or more.
WHAT IS RADON GAS AND WHAT DOES IT CAUSE ?
You can't smell, see or taste radon, but it may be a problem in your home. The EPA estimates that about 20,000 lung cancer deaths each year in the U.S. are radon-related. Exposure to radon is the second leading cause of lung cancer after smoking. Radon is an odorless, tasteless and invisible gas produced by the decay of naturally occurring uranium in soil and water. Radon is a form of ionizing radiation and a proven carcinogen. Lung cancer is the only known effect on human health from exposure to radon in air. Thus far, there is no evidence that children are at greater risk of lung cancer than are adults.
HOW DOES ARMSTRONG HOME INSPECTIONS TEST FOR RADON ?
Armstrong Home Inspections utilizes the Sun Nuclear Model 1027 continuous radon monitor. Unlike charcoal canisters other companies may use, which have to sent to an independent laboratory for results (adding several days to a wek for the results) our results are provided immediately following the 48 hour test period, saving you valuable time during your home transaction process.
To schedule please call 636-685-6773 or click the schedule or contact page<|endoftext|>Written by Head Zone Gardner, Karen Mann
The winter months are slow for gardening. Our lawns, trees, shrubs and perennial flowers appear to be hibernating as they have gone dormant for the cold months ahead. It is, however, a great time for planning and preparing for the spring thaw and planting season! Whether you grow a vegetable or flower garden, it is essential to remove leaf debris and weeds as this will eliminate overwintering sites for insects and disease. It is also suggested to cut back perennials to approximately 3” and apply mulch before the cold winter months arrive.
During the month of January, the average daily temperature around Louisville is 43 degrees, so cooler temperatures make it a good time to get the shed in order. It is important to inspect small hand tools, tune-up any engines, and sharpen blades on mowers or other implements. January is also an ideal time to prune trees and shrubs. Remember to prune summer-blooming trees and shrubs and those that do not bloom at all in late winter while they are fully dormant. Spring-blooming trees and shrubs should be pruned immediately after they bloom.
As February approaches, gardeners anticipate the appearance of the groundhog; his presence will decide the destiny of the upcoming weeks. Hopefully, he stays above ground so gardeners can begin shuffling through catalogs to order seeds and create new ideas for their garden space. Soil samples can be gathered and sent off to the local county extension office for amendment suggestions. Equally important is cutting back ornamental grass. Cool-season ornamental grasses can be cut back in late winter or early spring as soon as the snow melts and the ground begins to thaw. Warm season grasses can wait until later in the spring.
As winter begins to melt into spring, warmer temperatures prompt the emergence of our fall planted bulbs. Thanks to the efforts of our volunteer team at the Parklands, over 2,000 new bulbs have been planted in the gardens at Creekside Center in Beckley Creek Park. It will be a welcome surprise to view the fountains of yellow daffodils, grape hyacinths, and petite snowdrops peeping out from the frosty soil below.
Take caution with the month of April; as the temperatures begin to warm, gardeners may become anxious to get back into the dirt. Since the last frost-free date varies greatly from year to year, it is likely still too early to plant the more sensitive plants. Additionally, the month of April is an ideal time to set up new garden beds, to prepare planters, and to begin indoor seed-starting.
As Kentuckiana moves into the month of May, excitement builds for both the Kentucky Derby as well as active gardening. The flowers are starting to take shape and there may cold-tolerant veggies on the table. Gardens are becoming much more alive. In order to enjoy the gardens, an application of mulch may be helpful to slow down the emergence of weeds and to retain moisture for the hot summer months. It is important to apply a 2-3” layer of mulch since this will also offer necessary organic matter. While this month-by-month “to-do list” may sound like a lot, remember that gardening should not be a chore but a quiet respite that brings joy to the soul and years to your life!
Karen has worked at the Parklands of Floyds Fork in many capacities. Originally hired as an Attendant in 2013, she has also worked in the PNC Achievement Center at the front desk and The Gheens Foundation Lodge as an Event Concierge. As of September 1, 2014 she has taken on the position as Head Zone Gardener. Karen is a graduate of Eastern Kentucky University with a Bachelor degree in Technical Horticulture and a minor in Floriculture. For the past fifteen years she has been actively involved in providing a hands-on atmosphere for her husband and three children. During this time she maintained a successful, profitable small business as a lawn maintenance contractor as well as a private residential gardener. Along with a passion to make a difference, Karen shares the same enthusiasm as her colleagues, as they continue to contribute to the growth and progress of The Parklands of Floyds Fork. When not at the Parklands, Karen enjoys spending time with her family, pets and just being in the outdoors.
Being a donor-supported public park means we rely on donations, not tax dollars, for annual operations each year. Because of your generosity, we are able to maintain, program, and further develop this extraordinary public space without charging an entry fee. Together we work to enhance quality of life and help our community and economy grow in ways that are healthy, sustainable, and enjoyable for people of all ages. Help us reach our goal of sustaining The Parklands by becoming a Member today. Members make it happen!
Become a Member<|endoftext|>Bir saattir durmadan ağlıyor veya son günlerde hep aynı saatlerde huzursuzlanıyor, ağlıyor, katılıyor gibi şikayetler çocuk doktorlarının, küçük bebekleri olan anne ve babalardan sıkça duydukları yakınmalardandır.
Hayatın ilk 3-4 ayında bebeklerde görülen bu tarz aşırı ağlamalar KOLİK olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bu tanım sağlıklı iyi beslenmiş bir bebekte günde 3 saatten uzun süren, haftada 3-4 günden fazla olan ve süre olarak 3 haftadan uzun süren ağlamayı kapsamaktadır. Huzursuzluk ve ağlama aslında yaşamın ilk üç ayında normal gelişimin bir parçasıdır. Kolikli bebekler ise günde ortalama 2-3 saate yakın ağlarlar ve ağlama kolay kolay sonlandırılamaz. Ağlamanın şiddeti en çok 6. haftada yükselir ve daha sonra yavaşça azalır. Kolikli bebeklerin genellikle öğleden sonra veya akşam üstü başlayan çığlıkla ağlama nöbetleri sırasında, yüz kızarıklığı, ellerini yumruk yapma, bacaklarını karnına çekme , sırtını geriye atma, ağrılı bir yüz ifadesi şeklinde bulguları olabilir. Karın sert ve şiş, kusma ve gaz çıkarma görülebilir. Ağlama nöbeti kendiliğinden başlar ve çevresel faktörlerle ilgisi yoktur, aniden olur ve başlayacağı önceden tahmin edilemez. Kolik genellikle ikinci haftadan sonra başlar ve 4 aylıktan önce düzelir, ancak % 30 bebekte 5. aya doğru uzayabilir. Koliği uzun süren bebeklerde genellikle beslenme ve uyku problemleri de bulunur. Kardeşler arasında ilk bebeklerin kolik nedeniyle doktora götürülme sıklığı daha fazladır.
Anne sütü ve mamayla beslenen bebeklerde kolik sıklığı aynı olduğundan, anne sütünden mamaya geçiş yanlış olur. Nedeni tam bilinmeyen kolikte, emziren annelerin diyetinden süt ürünleri, yumurta, buğday ve fındık gibi allerjenlerin çıkarılması yarar sağlayabilir. Bebek aynı zamanda mamada alıyorsa özel formüllü mamalar kullanmak yararlı olabilir. Tıbbi ilaçların yan etkileri de olabileceğinden doktor kontrolünde kullanılmasında yarar vardır. Nane, karanfil, dereotu, zencefil, meyan kökü, tarçın, kakule, rezene, kimyon gibi bitkilerin yağlarından oluşan karışımların gazı azalttığı gösterilmiş olsa da ne ölçüde güvenli ve yararlı olduğu bilinmemektedir. Ağlamayı azaltmak için çamaşır ya da kurutma makinesi, ya da elektrik süpürgesinin yanına koyma, bebek arabasında gezdirme, emzik kullanımı, kucakta taşıma, masaj gibi yaklaşımların kesin yararı gösterilmemiştir. Ancak hafifçe sallamak ve kucakta gezdirmek, sürekli ritmik uyaran vermek, müzik dinletmek, beslenme aralıklarını azaltmak, emzik, bebekten gelen sinyallere çabuk yanıt vermek, daha yoğun iletişim kurmak denenmelidir.
Sonuç olarak kolik, ilk üç ayındaki bebeklerde şiddetli ve uzun süren ağlamayla seyreden, nedeni tam olarak bilinmeyen, küçük bir oranda organik sorunla birlikte seyredebilen, kesin bir tedavisi olmayıp, nörolojik olgunlukla düzeldiği düşünülen bir tablodur. Aile içinde ciddi sıkıntılara yol açmakla birlikte, düzeldikten sonra ne bebek için ne de aile için bir sorun kalmamaktadır.<|endoftext|>Off-campus FIU users: To download campus-access content, please use the following link to log in to our proxy server with your FIU library username and password.
Non-FIU users: Please talk to your librarian about requesting this content through interlibrary loan.
Doctor of Philosophy
First Advisor's Name
Bradley C. Bennett
First Advisor's Committee Title
Second Advisor's Name
Third Advisor's Name
Fourth Advisor's Name
Fifth Advisor's Name
Date of Defense
Lepidocaryum tenue Mart. (Arecaceae) is a small, understory palm of terra firme forests of the western and central Amazon basin. Known as irapai, it is used for roof thatch by Amazonian peoples who collect its leaves from the wild and generate income from its fronds and articles fabricated from them. Increasing demand has caused local concern that populations are declining. Cultivation attempts have been unsuccessful. The purpose of this study was to investigate market conditions and quantify population dynamics and demographic responses of harvested and unharvested irapai growing near Iquitos, Peru. Ethnobotanical research included participant surveys to determine movement of thatch tiles, called crisnejas, through Moronacocha Port. I also conducted a seed germination trial, and for four years studied five populations growing in communities with similar topography and soils but different land tenure and management strategies. Stage, survival, leaf production, and reproductive transitions were used to calculate ramet demographic rates and develop population projection matrices.
Weavers made an average of 20 - 30 crisnejas per day (90 – 130 leaves each), and earned US$0.09 to 0.70 each (US$1.80 to 21.00 per day). Average crisnejas per month sold per vendor was 2,955 with a profit range of US$0.05 to 0.32 per crisneja. Wholesalers worked with capital outlay from US$100 to 400, and an estimated ten to twenty vendors could be found at a given time. Consumers paid between US$0.23 to 1.20 per crisneja. Although differences in demographic rates by location existed, most were not significant enough to attribute to management. After 60 months, mean seed germination rate was 19.5 % in all media (37.9% in peat). Seedling survival was less than two percent after twelve months. Annual palm mortality was three percent, and occurred disproportionately in small (<50 cm) palms. Small palms grew more in height. Unharvested palms grew less than harvested palms. Large palms (>50 cm) produced more leaves, were more likely to reproduce, and collectors harvested them more frequently. Reproductive potentials (sexual and asexual) were low. Population growth rates were greater than or not significantly different from 1.0, indicating populations maintained or increased in size. Current levels of irapai harvest appear sustainable. DNA analysis of stems and recruits is recommended to understand population composition and stage-specific asexual fecundity.
Warren, L. Alíce, "Demographic Effects of Thatch Harvest and Implications for Sustainable Use of Irapai Palm (Lepidocaryum tenue, Mart.), by Riverine Communities in the Peruvian Amazon" (2008). FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 275.<|endoftext|>Supporting STEM Education in Northern New Mexico
The earth is under constant assault by cosmic radiation. This radiation includes high-energy neutrons that affect computer electronics and can cause data corruption. You don't typically see this on personal computers because of protections built into them and they are—physically—small targets. Compare that to supercomputers that are made up of densely packed circuits large enough to cover a football field to a height of seven feet. This activity depicts computer memory, how it stores its ones and zeros, and how a neutron bouncing through the memory could cause information corruption. Nathan DeBardeleben, with the High Performance Computing Design group, also illustrates the ways the high-performance computing community detects and corrects errors at the bleeding edge of massive and critical computation.
Even though the United States signed the Treaty of the Meter in 1875, we continue to use two sets of measurement units side by side, leading to wasted time and medical errors—among other issues. Stop by and learn from Linda Anderman, with the Lab's Bradbury Science Museum, about the advantages of the metric system. There are scales both old and new to play with and an opportunity to consider if our current path really "measures up."
11:00 AM Scientist Spotlight-Computer reliability and the metric system @ Bradbury Science Museum
5:30 PM Science on Tap: What travels at 84% the speed of light and is used by researchers at Los Alamos? @ UnQuarked
More events »
The Bradbury Science Museum Association supports and inspires learners of all ages in Northern New Mexico and beyond through STEM Education.<|endoftext|>Bülent Ecevit'ten Kenan Evren'e, Ziya Taşkent'ten Zeki Müren'e Protokolün Kunduracısı
Bülent Ecevit'ten Kenan Evren'e, Ziya Taşkent'ten Zeki Müren'e protokolün kunduracısı 66 yıllık kundura ustası Nurettin Cebeci: "Eski bakanlarımız o dönem kırmızı plakalı arabalarla gelir ayakkabı yaptırırlardı" "Artık işler durgun, okuduğum kitap sayısı 176 oldu, oradan anlayın"ANKARA - Bir...
Bülent Ecevit'ten Kenan Evren'e, Ziya Taşkent'ten Zeki Müren'e protokolün kunduracısı
66 yıllık kundura ustası Nurettin Cebeci:
"Eski bakanlarımız o dönem kırmızı plakalı arabalarla gelir ayakkabı yaptırırlardı"
"Artık işler durgun, okuduğum kitap sayısı 176 oldu, oradan anlayın"
ANKARA - Bir dönem, Bülent Ecevit'ten Kenan Evren'e, Ziya Taşkent'ten Zeki Müren'e siyaset ve sanat dünyasından birçok isme ayakkabı yapan kundura ustası Nurettin Cebeci, biraz markalara biraz da çağa yenik düştü. Cebeci, "Artık işler durgun, okuduğum kitap sayısı 176 oldu, oradan anlayın" dedi.
Bülent Ecevit'ten
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2,996 | 1 | 0 |
, Martin Graves
- November 2016
DescriptionMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a very important clinical imaging tool. It combines different fields of physics and engineering in a uniquely complex way. MRI is also surprisingly versatile, "pulse sequences" can be designed to yield many different types of contrast. This versatility is unique to MRI. This short book gives both an in-depth account of the methods used for the operation and construction of modern MRI systems and also the principles of sequence design and many examples of applications. An important additional feature of this book is the detailed discussion of the mathematical principles used in building optimal MRI systems and for sequence design. The mathematical discussion is suitable for undergraduates attending medical physics courses. It is also more complete than usually found in alternative books for physical scientists or more clinically orientated works.
About EditorsRichard Ansorge is a retired senior lecturer at the Cavendish Laboratory Cambridge and a former fellow and tutor of Fitzwilliam College Cambridge. He has extensive experience of experimental high-energy physics, including significant contributions to the CERN UA5 experiment on the proton–antiproton collider. He is the author of more than 100 scientific publications.
Martin Graves is a Consultant Clinical Scientist and lead of the Cambridge University Hospitals MR Physics group. He has more than 30 years' experience in both clinical and research aspects of MRI and has published more than 170 articles in the field. He is a co-author of the award-winning MRI textbook MRI: From Picture to Proton.
Table of Contents
Paperback ISBN: 9780750328418
Ebook ISBN: 9781681741321
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers<|endoftext|>(The taking of Pelham one two three)
Visto in Dvx.
Un gruppo di rapinatori... beh di rapitori, rapiscono 18 persone e un vagone della metropolitana di New York, chiedono un riscatto di un milione di dollari. Si mobilitano il sindaco, la polizia e la polizia della metropolitana. La questione è come faranno a fuggire.
Film d'azione con poca azione, ma ottimo ritmo, il tutto declinato verso l'ironia con le sequenze del sindaco che sono una vera e propria farsa e la presenza di Matthau a capo della gestione del rapimento che garantiscono una declinazione comica con un semplice ammiccamento, con una smorfia o uno sguardo, senza bisogno di battute per forza. Non è un film comico, ma pur essendo un film in cui muoiono alcune persone il mood rimane sempre positivo.
Come già detto c'è un Matthau fondamentale (se avessero condotto il film allo stesso modo, ma senza ironia sarebbe stato solo un brutto action), ma c'è pure un buon Balsam utilizzato per una parte che è qualcosa di più di un carattere.
La regia insipida si limita a registrare a quello che accade senza influire, nel bene o nel male.
Il finale divertente è forse un pò fuori tono o forse troppo rapido.
In ogni caso capisco perfettamente perché ne hanno cavato un remake pochi anni fa.<|endoftext|>cok kolay ve lezzetli bir brownie ben cok sevdim tavsiye ederim herkese afiyet olsun. not:kekin ortasi hafif islak kalcak verdigim sureler kadar pismesi uygundur. 1 su bardağı eritilmiş tereyağı/margarin 1,5 su bardağı toz şeker 2 tatlı kaşığı vanilya 4 yumurta 1 su bardağı un 2/3 su bardağı kakao yarım tatlı kaşığı kabartma tozu yarım tatlı kaşığı tuz 1 su bardağı dövülmüş ceviz/fındık/antep fıstığı Fırını 175C'ye getirin. 23-24cmlik kek kalıbını kelepceli kalibi yağlayın. Yağ, şeker ve vanilyayı çırpın. Yumurtaları teker teker ekleyip iyice karıştırın. Un, kakao, kabartma tozu ve tuzu ayrı bir yerde karıştırın. Yavaş yavaş yumurtalı karışıma ilave edip karışımın özleşmesini sağlayın. Fındıkları ilave edip karışımı kalıba dökün. Fırında 20-25 dakika pişirin. (ben 25 dakikadan sonra 150C'ye alıp çok az bir süre daha -kürdan temiz çıkana kadar- pişirdim.) Kalıptan çıkarmadan telin üzerinde tamamen soğutun. Soğuyunca servis tabağına alın.arzuya gore susleyin ben badem tozu ve cikolata kullandim.<|endoftext|>On 22 June 1940, the Franco-German Armistice was signed, dividing France in two. The Germans occupied one half, while the other – Vichy – was a French state under the supreme authority of 83-year-old Marshal Philippe Pétain. By the end of June 1940, the Germans also occupied the Channel Islands of Jersey and Guernsey, along with their earlier conquests of the Netherlands and Belgium. Mussolini, having declared war on Britain and France on 10 June, attempted an unsuccessful invasion of southern France later in the month, acquiring little land. The landing of the Allies in North Africa and the scuttling of the French fleet in November 1942 led to the German violation of the Armistice, and Nazi troops moved south and acquired Vichy.
— OR —<|endoftext|>Questa ricerca che ha scopo e carattere prevalentemente storico-ricognitivo si riferisce alla costruzione di dottrine in vario modo dedotte dalle sacre scritture e dalla elaborazione che di esse fa la teologia speculativa. Un punto di vista condiviso, nell'ambito della cristianità, anche dai riformatori, il cui pensiero politico fu pure assai spesso biblicamente dedotto. Si tratta della riflessione che si è occupata "di quale forma la sovranità politica possa assumere secondo la prospettiva di una teologia", dei modi in cui, nel corso di sedici secoli, dal IV al XX secolo, abbia influenzato, direttamente o indirettamente, il pensiero politico europeo, allo scopo di giustificare di volta in volta il regime o la dottrina politica che si intendeva sostenere contro altre, alla ricerca di un fondamento scritturistico e/o teologico per legittimare una determinata forma del potere.<|endoftext|>Brown Bear Character Graph Math, Language Arts Use Brown Bear, Brown Bear, What Do You See? In reality, none of the projected watching is happening. I loved the simplistic style that Bill Martin Jr. Easy reading, but a good book for an older sibling to read to their younger siblings and a great way to learn colors. She loves the tabs she gets to pull. At the end of the book, children in school are asked what they see. I see a red bird looking at me.
Students not chosen will get to be the children shown at the end of the story who name all of the animals they see! Here are a few samples. I had to read this aloud maybe a hundred nights in a row before I noticed what the text was plainly saying: everyone thinks they are being watched! Which character did our class like the most? Preschool Powol Packets has a recipe for making. It's a good way to teach basic counting, colours and some animals. Brown bears occupy the widest range of habitats of any bear species including dense coastal forests, boreal forests, sub alpine mountain areas, tundra, deciduous forests, and desert and semi-desert areas. Continue working on the 'I See Colors' take home booklet, by completing the next two pages with students.
The child without a spot is the new caller in the center. This book will interest and excite Key stage 1. Have students sequence the character pictures. This creative rhyming nature continues until the book finishes with a summary of all the animals and things that the 'children' have seen. Oral Blending - Stretch out the names of the animals or color words from the actual story as well as names of students from the class made book!. You could happily read it aloud and enjoy it with a young audience. Is it easy for them to read? Students write their own name two times, draw an object for each color, and use kid writing to write the name of each object.
Lewis The Phantom Tollbooth by Norton Juster Tuck Everlasting by Natalie Babbitt Anne of Green Gables by Lucy Maud Montgomery The Great Gilly Hopkins by Katherine Paterson Little House Series by Laura Ingalls Wilder Sideways Stories from Wayside School by Lois Sachar Harriet the Spy by Louise Fitzhugh A Light in the Attic by Shel Silverstein Mr. Seuss Strega Nona by Tomie De Paola Alexander and the Terrible, Horrible, No Good, Very Bad Day by Judith Viorst The Velveteen Rabbit by Margery Williams How the Grinch Stole Christmas by Dr. These are books designed to encourage interaction. Companion Poem: Read the companion poem, 'Teddy Bear, Teddy Bear' to students. This isn't exact and you will need to experiment with the amounts to get the color you desire. These bears, I think, should have a charge special that knocks targets prone after moving a set distance, or a dash bonus action. Milne If You Give a Mouse a Cookie by Laura Joffe Numeroff The Lorax by Dr.
I see a red bird looking at me. Remind students that yesterday they had to work to remember the order the animals saw each other to complete the mural. Seuss Of Colors and Things by Tana Hoban Panda Bear, Panda Bear, What Do You See? I really like how the author has managed to engage everyone in the story. Bear try to run across to the other side without being tagged by Mr. Can a horse really be blue? It's repetitive which is always a hit.
He lived in the east Texas woods, near the town of Commerce, until he passed away in 2004. Bear to begin another game. Have students match the color words to the corresponding colors of honey pots. Continue through the end of the story. But that reductive reading ignores the poetry at the core of the book. Choose students to play the part of the animals from the story and give each one a necklace depicting an animal.
The story asks certain animals what they can see, to which they answer what they see looking at them. Brown bears occupy the widest range of habitats of any bear species including dense coastal forests, boreal forests, sub alpine mountain areas, tundra, deciduous forests, and desert and semi-desert areas. Color bears, color bears, play a tune. Students will need to look closely at the letters in the names in order to match the pictures to the name cards. Brown bear, brown bear, what do you see?. It is also a great book for those children who may not be great readers. As children follow along, invite them to use voices that sound like the different animals on each page.
Redistribute the bear tags and choose a new Mr. Eastman Make Way for Ducklings by Robert McCloskey One Fish Two Fish Red Fish Blue Fish by Dr. Since this story is extremely short, the summary will be brief. Overall I feel this book is aimed at Key Stage 1 children, teaching them basic colours and language through rhythmic repetition. Seuss The True Story of the Three Little Pigs by Jon Scieszka Chicka Chicka Boom Boom by John Archambault The Complete Tales of Winnie the Pooh by A.
My niece likes to skip some pages and then go back, then skip and go back. Brown bears dig dens for winter hibernation, often holing up in a suitable hillside. I see a red bird looking at me. These activities are taken from Teaching Reading With Bill Martin Books available from Scholastic Professional Books. Along the chalk ledge, place the names of each character written on sentence strips. Give three students one word each so that they will 'Be the Words' and rearrange themselves to remake the sentence in the correct order. Day 3 Companion Poem: Reread 'Teddy Bear, Teddy Bear' with students as you point to each word.<|endoftext|>برای هندبال ایران مایه افتخار است که اینهمه بازیکن لژیونر دارد، بازیکنانی که در بهترین لیگ های اروپا و آمریکا بازی می کنند.
الله کرم استکی ستاره سرشناس هندبال ایران در گفت و گو با البرز ورزشی با بیان این مطلب افزود: ما در نخستین بازی لیگ رومانی تیم کالاراش را شکست دادیم، این تیم امین یوسفی نژاد را دارد، تیم ما یعنی بوزائو که من رسول باباصفری و شاهو نصرتی در آن بازی می کنیم، تیم تازه تاسیس در هندبال است که سرمایه گذاری های طویل المدتی را برای تیمداری در نظر گرفته است و ما هم تلاش می کنیم در حد توان به این تیم کمک کنیم، لیگ رومانی در تازه ترین ارزیابی های انجام شده جزو پنج لیگ برتر اروپاست و این نشان دهنده اهمیت و اعتبار حضور 6 - 5 بازیکن ایرانی مثل سعید حیدری راد، سید علیرضا موسویان در این مسابقات است که در تیم های مختلف بازی می کنند از سوی دیگر می دانید پویا نوروزی در بوندس لیگای آلمان، سجاد استکی در لیگ فرانسه، سعید برخورداری در لیگ اسپانیا حضور پررنگی دارند و من فکر می کنم نماش خوبی که بچه های ایران ارایه داده اند راه را برای حضور بازیکنان جوان کشورمان هم هموار می شود، در اروپا از جمله لیگ رومانی مسابقات با رعایت کامل پروتکل بهداشتی اجرا می شود. استکی درباره تیم ملی ایران نیز گفت: با این بازیکنان حرفه ای که داریم، جایگاه ما بالاتر از تیمهای عربی است اما مهم برنامه ریزی برای ایجاد هماهنگی و هارمونی لازم در تیم ملی است که امیدواریم برای مسابقات آتی پیش بینی های کافی صورت بگیرد. گفت و گو از: ج- دوستدار<|endoftext|>Author: Margreet L. Steiner (Editor), Ann E. Killebrew (Editor)
The Oxford Handbook of the Archaeology of the Levant: c. 8000-332 BCE (Oxford Handbooks)
Oxford University Press
Size: 13.6 Mb
This Handbook aims to serve as a research guide to the archaeology of the Levant, an area situated at the crossroads of the ancient world that linked the eastern Mediterranean, Anatolia, Mesopotamia, and Egypt. The Levant as used here is a historical geographical term referring to a large area which today comprises the modern states of Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, western Syria, and Cyprus, as well as the West Bank, Gaza, and the Sinai.
Unique in its treatment of the entire region, it offers a comprehensive overview and analysis of the current state of the archaeology of the Levant within its larger cultural, historical, and socio-economic contexts. The Handbook also attempts to bridge the modern scholarly and political divide between archaeologists working in this highly contested region. Written by leading international scholars in the field, it focuses chronologically on the Neolithic through Persian periods -- a time span during which the Levant was often in close contact with the imperial powers of Egypt, Anatolia, Assyria, Babylon, and Persia. This volume will serve as an invaluable reference work for those interested in a contextualised archaeological account of this region, beginning with the tenth millennium BCE 'agricultural revolution', until the conquest of Alexander the Great that marked the end of the Persian period.<|endoftext|>Types of Diode in Mobile Phone and Their Function
Types of Diode in Mobile Cell Phone and Their Function – Learn about different types of diodes used in a mobile phone and what is their function
Types of Diode in Mobile Phone and Their Function – Learn about different types of diodes used in a mobile phone and what are their function.
What is a Diode?
A solid state device with two electrodes which passes only the electric current of a particular polarity from one side in called diode. Solid state diode is generally made of germanium or silicon semiconductor. This is used for rectification and switching.
Several types of diodes are used in electronic instruments and gadgets. Chip diodes are used in mobile cell phones and other telecommunication devices. These are surface mount devices (SMD). Surface mount devices are soldered with special soldering technique called SMT.
Important facts about diodes:
- Indicating Character of Diode : D or V
- Function: Making AC to DC (Converting) and Do the Switching.
P-N Junction Diode
Components made with the combination of P-Type and N-Type semiconductors are called diode. They are also called P-N Junction Diode.
P-type part of the diode is called anode and N-type is called cathode. The point where both these sides combine is called depletion layer because in this section, the electrons and holes remain neutral and do not attract each other. Due to this depletion layer, the electrons from either side cannot unite.
How Does Diode Work?
The required voltage to activate a diode is called diode biasing. Biasing is of two types –
- Forward Biasing; and
- Reverse Biasing
When positive supply is given on the anode and negative supply is given to the cathode, it is called forward biasing. This creates HOLE in anode (P-area) of diode and pressure is created on cathode (N-area) because equal charges repel each other. As the pressure continues to increase, resistance of the depletion layer (Junction) decreases to zero and the current flow starts.
Supply of negative to anode (P) terminal and positive to cathode (N) terminal is called reverse biasing. As a result, the HOLES of anode of the diode attract the electrons of battery and the positive terminal of the battery attracts the electrons of the cathode and the resistance of depletion layer goes on increasing and stops the flow of current.
What is Rectification?
Mostly AC is used for electrical energy but in some cases DC has to be used. The process of conversion of AC to DC is called rectification.
What is Signal Diode?
This type of diode is used for detecting signals. These diodes are made of glass. A red ring on the terminal marks its cathode. These diodes are available in following numbers – IN4 148, IN34, OA79 etc. SMD signal diode is also available in black color.
What is Zener Diode?
This is a special type of diode made with silicon which is used to keep the output supply stable. Zener diodes are used to stabilize voltage. Zener diode is represented by “Z”. Zener diode is recognized by its “Zener Volt” like 3.0VZ, 3.9VZ, 5.1VZ, 6.2VZ etc.
What is Varacter Diode?
This is a variable capacitance diode which functions on the principle of variable capacitor. These diodes function within a defined range of capacity. Varacter diodes are available in the values ranging from 1 to 500 pf and 10 to 100 V. These are used in the signal transmission circuits.
What is Tunnel Diode?
These diodes are used for processing the properties of negative resistance and are used for switching at microwave frequency level.<|endoftext|>- Son
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主要在1号楼的大自习室里进行圣哈里·c·摩尔图书馆及资讯中心一楼;然而，所有的数学辅导课程都在数学实验室，A-84室，凯瓦M.伯特利大楼。
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Applicazioni comuni
Nel discorso colloquiale, vengono identificati i concetti di un satellite e di un’antenna parabolica, ma solo gli specialisti sanno di cosa si tratta e perché è necessario un tale dispositivo, in un ristretto aspetto professionale. Esistono varie apparecchiature progettate per ricevere un segnale da uno dei tanti satelliti in orbita attorno alla Terra. Un’antenna parabolica è un tipo di dispositivo di ricezione che ha le sue distinte differenziazioni.
L’antenna parabolica è spesso associata al satellite [/ didascalia] La loro presenza è dovuta alla necessità di ricevere segnali televisivi, radiofonici o fornire accesso a Internet. La funzionalità può essere strettamente focalizzata o universale, per fornire comunicazioni, centri e reti di comunicazione spaziale, quelli debolmente direzionali sono utilizzati nella navigazione satellitare e telefoni simili.
Diagramma di radiazione dell’antenna parabolica [/ caption]
Storia di origine e sviluppo
G. Hertz ha utilizzato riflettori parabolici nelle sue attività sperimentali. Alla fine del XIX secolo inventò un’antenna con un’apertura di oltre un metro, operante a frequenze rigorosamente definite. Con un dispositivo di ricezione e trasmissione a disposizione dello scienziato, ha dimostrato l’esistenza delle onde elettromagnetiche previste da Maxwell. Quindi iniziò l’era del miglioramento e dell’applicazione pratica:
- Nel primo terzo del Novecento, G. Marconi, inventore italiano, riuscì a trasmettere un segnale ad una barca che navigava in mare, a notevole distanza dalla costa.
- Un anno dopo, un dispositivo simile è stato utilizzato per stabilire comunicazioni a relè radio attraverso un ampio stretto.
- G. Grotte costruì il primo grande PA e con il suo aiuto fu impegnato nello studio delle stelle. Il diametro del riflettore non superava nemmeno i dieci metri.
- Durante la seconda guerra mondiale, iniziò un lavoro mirato al miglioramento dei radar, che diede un potente impulso allo sviluppo e al miglioramento dei dispositivi, portando alla nascita di un nuovo tipo di antenne dotate di diagrammi di settore.
Nota! Negli anni del dopoguerra, l’URSS e gli Stati Uniti svilupparono nuove forme del dispositivo, in cui il diametro dello specchio iniziò a raggiungere i 60-100 metri. Ora sono utilizzati nei sistemi di trasmissione dati, il miglioramento permanente e i nuovi sviluppi degli scienziati hanno permesso di ridurre al minimo la necessità di strutture di grandi dimensioni fino a 1,5 metri o addirittura decine di centimetri.
Tipi e caratteristiche del design
Le antenne a riflettore non sono l’unico, ma il tipo più comune di antenne direzionali. Sono utilizzati nelle gamme più variabili e in vari tipi di stazioni. Le dimensioni, il design e il materiale di fabbricazione dipendono dalla funzione e dallo scopo. Gli specchi sono realizzati in acciaio o leghe di alluminio con conducibilità elettrica.
Negli ultimi anni, hanno iniziato a essere realizzati con materiali compositi o addirittura in plastica, ma allo stesso tempo deve esserci una superficie riflettente – è anche variabile. È possibile utilizzare rete metallica o lamina, vernice elettricamente conduttiva. Ci sono anche altri tipi:
- assisimmetrico , con uno o due specchi, simmetrico o con controriflettore, fuoco anulare;
- offset , che viene tagliato da uno specchio parabolico, con un diagramma di radiazione sfalsato;
- FARI, o schiere di antenne in fase , da più emettitori, con tipi variabili di antenne (striscia, spinta o fessura);
- debolmente direzionale , con un ampio diagramma di radiazione, nonostante alcune carenze, funziona con satelliti visivamente rilevabili e non richiede una guida aggiuntiva;
- onda viaggiante – amplificata (se confrontata con non direzionale, ma operante nell’intervallo del metro o del decimetro).
Attenzione! La scelta di un’antenna parabolica per la ricezione dei segnali TV dovrebbe essere dettata da diverse considerazioni: materiale (resistenza agli influssi esterni, se collocato nell’aria), tipo di riflettore e sua qualità, numero di convertitori e metodi di fissaggio. Una condizione importante è la qualità, la robustezza e la resistenza alla corrosione.
Tipi di antenne a parabola [/ caption]
Applicazione e montaggio
Qualsiasi dispositivo di ingegneria radio utilizzato come trasmettitore o ricevitore è una parte organica del sistema e uno dei suoi elementi di base. Le istruzioni su come farlo da soli dipendono dal tipo, dalle dimensioni e dallo scopo selezionati. L’antenna riflettore ha vantaggi significativi: funziona in diverse gamme. Tali dispositivi hanno un’efficienza relativamente elevata e una temperatura di rumore piuttosto bassa. Parabolic è il loro rappresentante più tipico. La semplicità del dispositivo non significa che quando si realizza con le proprie mani, non è necessario tenere conto dei requisiti specifici del singolo ordine. Le informazioni più generali sono nel video qui sotto: https://youtu.be/6Cku8eGomec Il diametro del piatto nella gamma in vendita va da 55 cm a 80 cm, e questo non è il più economico dei piaceri.I fai-da-te offrono molte istruzioni dettagliate su come realizzare antenne, nonché su come installare e configurare, dalla selezione del sito, al calcolo, alla messa a punto finale. Allo stesso tempo, è indicato che qualsiasi kit dovrebbe essere composto da molte parti. Alcuni di questi possono essere realizzati in un mini-laboratorio, acquistati separatamente in un negozio speciale o acquistati in un set (non tutto può essere soddisfatto in termini di qualità o proprietà, ma risulta più economico e tutto è di un produttore ). acquistato in un negozio speciale separatamente o acquistato in un set (lì, non tutto può adattarsi a te in termini di qualità o proprietà, ma risulta più economico e tutto proviene da un produttore). acquistato in un negozio speciale separatamente o acquistato in un set (lì, non tutto può adattarsi a te in termini di qualità o proprietà, ma risulta più economico e tutto proviene da un produttore).
Come la potenza dipende dal diametro dell’antenna [/ didascalia]
Importante! Il set include una parabola a specchio, un ricevitore (il suo tipo dipende dagli obiettivi perseguiti), ma lo scopo principale è ricevere e convertire un segnale da un satellite a uno schermo TV, sotto forma di un’immagine, tre convertitori che forniscono simultaneamente ricezione da tre satelliti, dispositivi di fissaggio (spesso appare nelle descrizioni come multifeed),
cavo , connettori di accoppiamento e l’effettivo supporto dell’antenna.
Quando si sceglie un luogo in cui installare tale antenna, viene data preferenza al lato sud o sud-ovest. Questo è importante perché tutti i satelliti si trovano in orbita geostazionaria esattamente da sud-est a sud-ovest. Se non ci sono finestre rivolte a sud, rimane l’unica opzione: installazione sul tetto.
È vietato installare l’antenna sotto il tetto di riflusso.
L’antenna è fissata con un angolo di circa 25 °, cioè sembra un po ‘in basso, come nella foto:
Quando si imposta l’antenna, un azimut calcolato correttamente sarà di grande aiuto. Per determinare l’azimut, utilizzare una bussola magnetica. È allineato parallelamente al suolo per stabilire una direzione nord. In questo caso è necessario selezionare un oggetto di riferimento. Il grado viene contato in senso orario sulla bussola (da zero, alla linea che si collega all’oggetto selezionato). Ecco come viene calcolato l’azimut magnetico. Al risultato ottenuto si aggiunge o si sottrae la declinazione magnetica di una particolare regione. Per sintonizzare l’antenna, utilizzare una versione speciale del programma SATTV.
Dopo averlo installato lungo il percorso C:\Programmi\SATTV 2.0\Zone, le sue basi conterranno i percorsi verso le aree di copertura satellitare. È meglio installare il kit già pronto secondo le istruzioni allegate. Di solito la piastra è completamente assemblata e solo dopo viene avviata l’installazione. Si consiglia di utilizzare una staffa metallica verticale fissata rigidamente, che non dipenderà dalle condizioni meteorologiche e non perderà la qualità dell’immagine. La messa a punto delle testine e la loro corretta connessione all’interruttore è necessaria per abbinare le impostazioni del sintonizzatore e le connessioni nell’antenna. Assemblaggio, installazione e configurazione di un’antenna parabolica per la ricezione di un segnale satellitare: https://youtu.be/XNk-KTjEgEY
Caratteristiche dell’antenna riflettore
L’utilizzo delle antenne paraboliche le ha rese una componente indispensabile del paesaggio non solo urbano ma anche rurale. Ma questo non è dovuto solo alla diffusione della televisione satellitare. Sono utilizzati nei sistemi radar, per la comunicazione wireless, relè radio, satellite e interspazio, e sono utilizzati nelle attività dei radiotelescopi. Le caratteristiche principali di un dispositivo utile sono considerate la larghezza del diagramma di radiazione, la sua forma, l’efficienza e il guadagno, l’area effettiva e così via. Consideriamo i principali:
- irradiatore (1 o più), forma il DN;
- la larghezza del raggio è determinata dalla funzione principale: ricezione o trasmissione, esistono formule speciali per questo;
- L’efficienza può dipendere dalle caratteristiche del progetto (specchi non continui, reti utilizzate per alleggerire il peso o ridurre la resistenza agli agenti atmosferici).
Messa a fuoco dell’antenna parabolica [/ didascalia] Un’antenna parabolica fatta in casa può essere realizzata in diversi modi: incollando su una base di cemento, da un vecchio ombrello e un foglio di alluminio (è necessario un amplificatore con alimentatore), da una sottile lamiera, dal plexiglass e persino dal filo. Nel video, il maestro svela i segreti per realizzare con le proprie mani una parabola satellitare: https://youtu.be/HBkfdb6rK2E L’apparente semplicità nelle descrizioni degli artigiani popolari, infatti, richiede determinate abilità lavorative, strumenti e tempo. I dispositivi fatti in casa sono più economici, ma la qualità dell’immagine sullo schermo del televisore non raggiunge sempre il livello desiderato. Quando acquisti un kit già pronto, devi determinare chiaramente non solo la posizione, ma anche i parametri. In alcune regioni della Russia, il diametro minimo è sufficiente per ricevere i singoli canali,e a volte 90 cm non bastano.<|endoftext|>據外媒報道，要確定一個人是否患有瘧疾是很困難的，以至於許多甚至沒有患病的人最終都要接受治療。然而，一種新的技術可以使診斷變得更加容易和可靠。當存在於患者的血液中時，瘧疾寄生蟲會以這樣一種方式分解患者的血液，使其血紅素分子重新組合成有機結晶。這些結晶含有磁性鐵，可以通過新工藝在血液樣本中檢測到。
該技術被稱為旋轉晶體磁光檢測(RMOD)，由澳大利亞詹姆斯·庫克大學的Stephan Karl博士領導的一個國際科學家團隊開發。研究人員最近在巴布亞新幾內亞對大約1000名疑似瘧疾患者進行了測試，結果顯示RMOD與現有最可靠的方法相比表現良好。
然而，與許多傳統的診斷技術不同，RMOD可能很快就會利用便攜式、廉價、易於使用的設備進行。
「這是非常有前景的，因為RMOD測試可以在短期培訓後進行，並在10分鍾內提供測試結果，” Karl說。「從資金的角度來看，成本非常低，因為沒有使用昂貴的試劑。」
科學家們現在正在完善這項技術，以便更好地區分以前和現在的瘧疾感染。
最近，一篇關於這項研究的論文發表在了《自然-通訊》雜志上，參與研究的還有德國奧格斯堡大學的Istvan Kezsmarki教授。
來源：cnBeta<|endoftext|>شباهت ها و تفاوت های مخالفت ها علیه برجام با مخالفت ها علیه FATF چیست؟
هر دو به بهانه دفاع از انقلاب و اسلام و استقلال کشور انجام می شود، ولی اینجا یک مقدار شدیدتر است.
مخالفت ها از برجام بیشتر است؟!
بله، این مخالفت ها به نظر شدیدتر می آید. خیلی بیشتر دست وپا می زنند و تلاش می کنند که به هر نحوی که شده این لوایح تصویب نشود.
موافقان و مخالفان در این دو ماجرا نسبتا ثابت هستند، به نظر شما تفاوت شدت از کجا می آید؟
در برجام مخالفت ها بیشتر جنبه سیاسی داشت و اینجا شاید جنبه اقتصادی آن بیشتر باشد. آنجا حسن نیت بیشتر بود؛ شاید عده ای دلشان برای استقلال کشور می سوخت. اینجا هم هستند افرادی که از روی دلسوزی حرف می زنند، ولی به نظر می آید که این بار جنبه مالی و اقتصادی نیز دارد. به هرحال خیلی طبیعی به نظر نمی رسد؛ مثلا راجع به CFT آن طور بسیج شدند؛ ابتدا کاری کردند که دو ماه عقب بیفتد، بعد در آستانه مطرح شدن در مجلس پیامک های تهدیدآمیز فرستادند و حتی بعد از آن هم برای شورای نگهبان پیامک فرستادند... طبیعی به نظر نمی آید.
بر رأی نمایندگان هم تأثیر داشت... .
بی تأثیر نبود.
CFT در قیاس با دو لایحه قبلی مربوط به FATF یعنی پالرمو و «اصلاح قانون مبارزه با پول شویی» ریزش رأی محسوسی داشت. نمایندگان قبل از رأی گیری تأکید داشتند که CFT با رأی قاطع تصویب خواهد شد، اما رأی ها نسبت به لوایح پیش ریخت. فکر کنم با ۹، ۱۰ رأی تصویب شد.
البته اختلاف ۲۳ رأی بود، اما اگر ۱1، ۱2 نفر برعکس رأی می دادند، نتیجه جابه جا می شد. مقداری ناشی از فشارها بود، مقداری هم ناشی از این بود که در زمان بررسی این لایحه، اقدامی انجام شد - نامه ای آماده کردند- که آرا اعلام شود. فکر کنم بعضی ها احساس کردند ممکن است آرا بعدا اعلام شود و ملاحظاتی داشتند و شاید برعکس رأی دادند؛ من این احتمال را می دهم که بعضی ها کمی نگران شدند و برعکس رأی دادند تا مورد آزارواذیت قرار نگیرند. فکر
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4.5 cm from the horn exit on the axis.
A schematic representation of the trombone used in our experiments (A.Courtois trombone type 155, A. Courtois mouthpiece type 10 PM) with an indication of the position of the microphones. A typical flow visualization of a shock wave at the exit of the horn is shown. The mouthpiece geometry is specified.
Server © IRCAM-CGP, 1996-2008 - file updated on .
Serveur © IRCAM-CGP, 1996-2008 - document mis à jour le .<|endoftext|>The U.S. Navy helps with cleanup in Misawa, Japan, a fishing port.
Credit: U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 2nd Class Devon Dow
In the aftermath of the Japan earthquake and tsunami, pictures and videos tell hundreds of tragic stories: A young man sobbing after learning his wife and child are dead; rescue workers combing through leveled towns, turning up many bodies and few survivors; gray-haired seniors, made homeless by the tsunami, sleeping in rows on shelter floors.
Everyone touched by the tsunami will face an uphill battle in coping with the devastation, psychologists say. But the elderly citizens of Japan are at particular risk.
"The elderly, the very young and the first responders are three of the most critical populations that we have to deal with in disaster response," said Joshua Klapow, a clinical psychologist at the University of Alabama, Birmingham.
"Generally speaking, elderly populations can be more vulnerable," Klapow told LiveScience. "If you are older and you have health problems, you don't have as much strength, you don't have as much endurance … The impact of the stress can have a much bigger physical toll."
Old and vulnerable
Japan's population skews old: More than one in five people in the country are older than 65, according to the CIA World Factbook. In the rural areas where the tsunami hit, that number is one in three.
In general, the elderly are hit hard by disasters. After Hurricane Katrina in 2005, 56 percent of the Katrina evacuees seen at the medical unit of Houston's Astrodome were over the age of 65, according to a Baylor College of Medicine report. According to the funding organization Grantmakers in Aging, at least 70 percent of those who died during Hurricane Katrina in 2005 were elderly. An analysis of an incomplete Knight-Ridder database of deaths done four months after the hurricane found that although people 60 and older were only 15 percent of the New Orleans area population, they made up 74 percent of the deaths.
The mortality effect can linger long after the disaster has moved into the clean-up stage. One study, published in March in the Journals of Gerontology Series A, compared the mortality rates of people over age 90 in a year before the devastating 2008 Sichuan earthquake to a year after the quake. The researchers delayed their analysis of death records until seven weeks after the disaster to avoid catching any trauma casualties. Even so, the mortality rate for the nonagenarians doubled after the quake, rising from 8.3 percent to 16.2 percent.
The researchers didn't have information on cause of death for the Sichuanese dead, but small studies from prior disasters suggest that older people may experience biochemical changes after a severe stress that wears them down physically. A study of 42 survivors of the 1995 Kobe earthquake found increased blood protein levels after the earthquake compared with before the disaster.These increases have been linked with greater risk of strokes and heart attacks. The results were reported in 1997 in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.
Getting past the stiff upper lip
Older people can struggle in the immediate aftermath of a disaster because of their physical vulnerabilities, Klapow said. They may lack needed medication. They're at risk of dehydration. Pre-existing health problems can make it harder to deal with additional stresses. [Read More: Saving Minds with Psychological First Aid]
As the disaster recedes and rebuilding begins, older adults can become "silent victims," said John Toner, a professor of medical psychology at Columbia University who was the chief editor of a book on disaster preparedness and mental health in older adults. Toner cited a friend who lost her son in the World Trade Center on 9/11. After the attacks, she focused so heavily on caring for her widowed daughter-in-law and grandchildren that she let her own depression go untreated.
The "stiff upper lip" phenomenon, in which elders hide their own struggles, may prevent them from getting help, Toner said. Survivor's guilt is another concern, said New York University social worker Tazuko Shibusawa.
"Older adults tend to have survivor's guilt anyway," Shibusawa told LiveScience. "It's sort of like, 'I've lived my life, why didn't they take me? Why did they take the young ones?’"
Risk versus resilience
In Japan, mental health (or "kokoro no kea," care for the heart) has been on rescuers' radar since the Kobe quake, Shibusawa said. But the lingering risk from damaged nuclear reactors means the disaster is not yet over. Anxiety is up in Tokyo, Yasushi Watanabe, a college professor who lives in the Tokyo suburb of Kamakura, wrote in an email to LiveScience. Ongoing fear has led to runs on bottled water, food and batteries, Watanabe said. [Top 10 Greatest Explosions Ever]
For older people who lived through World War II, the nuclear fear is a unique source of worry, Toner said.
"The issue of post-traumatic stress disorder in the elderly is usually less of a problem than in most other ages, except for a few subgroups, particularly Holocaust survivors, veterans and those who experienced childhood abuse," Toner said. "Those who were directly affected by the atomic bomb at the end of World War II are probably, given what we know about the risk factors, even more vulnerable to developing mental health issues in this most recent trauma."
On the other hand, older adults' life experiences can also make them more resilient in the face of catastrophe, Toner said.
"There's a paradox in which the more frail elderly give us serious concerns, but those who are generally healthy tend to be very resilient," he said.
A video that made the rounds online after the tsunami illustrates this fortitude. In the video, Japanese rescuers lead an old man and woman out of a building where they had been trapped for three days. A news crew approaches and a reporter asks the man how he's doing. The man smiles and says he's okay because he lived through Japan's 1960 tsunami, which was triggered by a massive earthquake off the coast of Chile.
"I'm fine," the man repeats. Then he grins at the camera: "Let's rebuild again."<|endoftext|>- Programlar
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Corona virüs Suudi Arabistan üyelerine sıçradı! 150 kişi... |Video
New York Times gazetesinin başkentteki kraliyet hastanesine yakın iki doktor ve hanedan içinden iki farklı kaynağa dayandırdığı haberine göre, ilk koronavirüs vakasının 6 hafta önce tespit edildiği Suudi Arabistan'da, Riyad Valisi Faysal bin Bandar bin Abdulaziz Saud'un da aralarında yer aldığı 150 Suud hanedanı üyesi Kovid-19'a yakalandı.
Gazetenin ulaştığı, başkentteki Kral Faysal Uzman Hastanesi'ne acil notuyla gelen talimatta, "ülke çapındaki önemli şahsiyetler için talimatların beklenmesi, kaç vakayla karşılaşılacağının henüz bilinmediği ancak kronik hastaların hastaneden tahliye edilmesi" gerektiği belirtildi. Ayrıca tedavi gören hastane personelinin kraliyet üyelerine yer açmak için başka bir hastaneye nakledileceği bildirildi.
Gazeteye konuşan doktorlar, kraliyet içindeki binlerce prensin sıkça Avrupa'ya seyahat ettiğini ve virüsü buradan almış olabileceklerini dile getirildi.
Salgın öncesinde sağlığına ilişkin çok sayıda soru işareti bulunan 84 yaşındaki Kral Selman bin Abdulaziz'in Kızıl Deniz kıyısındaki Cidde kentine yakın bir adadaki sarayda karantinaya girdiği aktarılan haberde, Veliaht Prens Muhammed bin Selman'ın da yanında birçok bakanla bu bölge yakınında bir saraya kapandığı ifade edildi.<|endoftext|>Arteriosclerosis causes heart attacks, strokes, amputations and even loss of brain function in addition to sudden death. Arteriosclerotic plaque, the material that eventually clogs our blood vessels begins to form in youth. American soldiers killed at the age of 19 or 20, in action, have been noted to have streaks of such plaque. The plaque is made up in part of cholesterol. Excess cholesterol in the blood leads to more plaque being deposited at a younger age. For this reason we prefer to delay this from occurring. But why do we need cholesterol at all? Actually, we wouldn’t survive without any cholesterol, but we often would live longer if the level were lower.
Each year, more than 1 million Americans will suffer a heart attack and about 500,000 will die from heart disease. High blood cholesterol just like high blood pressure does not cause any symptoms. Many people (more than 50 percent by recent estimates) are either inadequately treated or unaware that their cholesterol level is too high. Considering that more than million estimated American adults have high cholesterol, the failure to appreciate high cholesterol’s importance places many people at unnecessary risk for developing future heart disease.
What is cholesterol?
Cholesterol is a waxy, fat-like substance that is naturally found in all parts of our bodies. It is present in the walls and membranes of every cell, including cells in the brain, nerves, muscle, skin, liver, intestines, and heart. Without cholesterol, our bodies could not function properly. It acts as the backbone of hormones like estrogen and testosterone, vitamin D, and bile acids that help us to digest fat.
Cholesterol in the body comes from two major sources. The first is from the liver, which is the body’s major cholesterol-producing organ. We also consume foods that contain cholesterol – red meat, poultry and eggs have particularly high levels. Because the liver is usually able to make enough cholesterol to satisfy all of our bodily needs, however, too much dietary cholesterol can lead to high bodily levels of cholesterol. (Some liver or endocrine disorders also lead to excess cholesterol levels.)<|endoftext|>رزرو آنلاین وقت مشاوره
ماده ۱
تعاریف
از نظر این موافقتنامه:
«دولت صادر کننده» به معنی طرفی است که دادگاه آن حکمی مبنی بر حبس یا سایر مجازاتهای سالب آزادی صادر کرده است.
«دولت اجراء کننده» به معنی طرفی است که محکوم به حبس یا سایر مجازاتهای سالب آزادی به آن منتقل می شود تا باقی مانده مدت محکومیت خود را سپری نماید.
«محکومیت» به معنی هرگونه مجازات یا اقدام متضمن محرومیت از آزادی است که از سوی دادگاه برای مدت زمانی محدود یا نامحدود به دلیل جرم کیفری صادر شده است.
«حکم» به معنی تصمیم یا دستور دادگاه صادر کننده محکومیت است.
«محکوم» به معنی تبعه یکی از طرف ها است که از سوی دادگاه طرف دیگر به دلیل ارتکاب جرم به حبس یا سایر مجازاتهای سالب آزادی محکوم شده است.
«بستگان نزدیک» به معنایی است که در قانون هر یک از طرف ها شناسایی شده است.
«نمایندگان قانونی» به معنایی است که در قانون هر یک از طرف ها شناسایی شده است.
«مراجع صلاحیتدار» به معنی مراجعی است که در این موافقتنامه تعیین شده اند.
ماده ۲
اصول کلی
۱ـ طرف ها بر اساس این موافقتنامه بنا به درخواست، محکومانی که تبعه طرف دیگر هستند را برای گذراندن باقی مانده محکومیت صادره علیه آن ها به یکدیگر انتقال خواهند داد.
۲ـ هر طرف میتواند از طرف دیگر درخواست کند امکان انتقال محکوم را بررسی نماید.
۳ـ طرف ها تعهد مینمایند طبق استانداردهای بین المللی حقوق بشر با محکوم منتقل شده رفتار نمایند.
۴ـ چنان چه پس از انتقال، تعهدات بین المللی دولت صادرکننده توسط محکوم نزد مراجع بین المللی مورد سوال قرار گیرد دولت اجراء کننده مساعدت ممکن را در این خصوص برای دولت صادر کننده فراهم خواهد ساخت.
۵ ـ طرف ها تعهد مینمایند گستردهترین همکاری ممکن در خصوص انتقال محکومان را طبق مفاد این موافقتنامه به یکدیگر ارائه دهند.
ماده ۳
مراجع صلاحیتدار
۱ـ این موافقتنامه به وسیله مراجع صلاحیتدار طرف ها به طور مستقیم یا از طریق مجاری دیپلماتیک اجرا خواهد شد.
۲ـ مرجع صلاحیتدار برای جمهوری اسلامی ایران، قوه قضائیه جمهوری اسلامی ایران و برای جمهوری ارمنستان، وزارت دادگستری جمهوری ارمنستان خواهد بود.
ماده ۴
درخواست انتقال
۱ـ مبنای آغاز رسیدگیهای انتقال محکوم، درخواست محکوم، یا بستگان نزدیک وی یا نمایندگان قانونی او، و نیز درخواست مرجع صلاحیتدار یکی از طرف ها خطاب به مرجع صلاحیتدار طرف دیگر است.
۲ـ درخواستهای انتقال و پاسخ های آن ها به صورت کتبی خواهد بود.
ماده ۵
تصمیم گیری در مورد درخواست انتقال
۱ـ تصمیم برای پذیرش یا رد درخواست انتقال حداکثر ظرف مدت شصت روز از تاریخ دریافت اسناد مندرج در بند (۱) ماده (۹) این موافقتنامه اتخاذ خواهد شد. محکومی که درباره او تصمیم گیری میشود یا بستگان نزدیک وی یا نمایندگان قانونی او، در صورت وجود، و طرف درخواست کننده به طور کتبی از تصمیم اتخاذ شده مطلع خواهند شد.
۲ـ در صورت رد درخواست انتقال، دلایل مربوط به آن به صورت کتبی ارائه خواهد شد.
ماده ۶
شرایط انتقال
۱ـ به موجب این موافقتنامه، محکوم را می توان فقط تحت شرایط زیر منتقل نمود:
۱ـ ۱ محکوم تبعه دولت اجرا کننده باشد و تبعه دولت صادر کننده نباشد.
۲ـ ۱ حکم به طور قانونی لازم الاجراء شده باشد.
۳ـ۱ در زمان دریافت درخواست انتقال، حداقل شش ماه از محکومیت محکوم باقی مانده باشد.
۴ـ ۱ محکوم، ـ با توجه به سن و وضعیت روحی یا جسمی وی ـ یا بستگان نزدیک وی یا نمایندگان قانونی او با انتقال موافقت نموده باشند.
۵ ـ ۱ افعال یا ترک افعالی که شخص به دلیل آن ها محکوم شده است طبق قوانین دولت اجراء کننده جرم محسوب شوند.
۶ ـ ۱ خسارات ناشی از فعل کیفری جبران شده باشد.
۷ ـ ۱ هر دو طرف با انتقال موافقت نمایند.
۲ـ در موارد استثنائی، طرفها می توانند با انتقال موافقت نمایند، حتی اگر کمتر از شش ماه از محکومیت محکوم باقی مانده باشد یا خسارات به طور کامل جبران نشده باشد.
ماده ۷
رد درخواست انتقال
محکوم منتقل نخواهد شد، اگر:
۱ـ شرایط مندرج در بند (۱) ماده (۶) این موافقتنامه محقق نشده باشد.
۲ـ طرف درخواست کننده الزامات ماده (۹) این موافقتنامه را برآورده نکرده باشد.
۳ـ انتقال، به حاکمیت، امنیت ملی و نظم عمومی هر یک از طرف ها لطمه وارد نماید یا مغایر با قانون اساسی آن ها باشد.
ماده ۸
تبادل اطلاعات
طرف ها تعهدات زیر را بر عهده خواهند گرفت:
۱ـ مطلع ساختن یکدیگر از طریق مراجع صلاحیتدار هرگاه محکومیتی درباره شخصی که تبعه طرف دیگر است قطعی گردد. اطلاعات شامل موارد زیر خواهد بود:
۱ـ ۱ نام محکوم، تاریخ تولد و محل تولد وی.
۲ـ ۱ نشانی وی در دولت صادر کننده، در صورت وجود.
۳ـ ۱ شرحی درباره وقایعی که محکومیت بر مبنای آن ها صادر شده است.
۴ـ ۱ نوع و مدت محکومیت و تاریخ آغاز آن.
۲ـ مطلع ساختن محکومانی که تبعه طرف دیگر هستند، بستگان نزدیک آن ها یا نمایندگان قانونی آن ها از مفاد این موافقتنامه، امکان انتقال آن ها و پیامدهای قانونی مربوط به آن.
ماده ۹
درخواست انتقال و اسناد لازم
۱ـ درخواست کتبی انتقال محکوم منضم به اسناد زیر خواهد بود:
۱ـ ۱ توسط مرجع صلاحیتدار دولت اجراء کننده:
الف) اطلاعات مربوط به محکوم، از جمله نام، نام خانوادگی، نام پدر، تاریخ تولد، محل تولد.
ب) سند یا گواهی ثابت کننده تابعیت محکوم.
پ) نسخهای از قانون مربوط دولت اجرا کننده که مقرر میدارد افعال یا ترک افعالی که محکومیت در مورد آن ها در دولت صادر کننده صادر شده است طبق قوانین دولت اجرا کننده، جرم کیفری محسوب میشود.
۲ـ ۱ توسط مرجع صلاحیتدار دولت صادر کننده:
الف) اطلاعات مربوط به محکوم، از جمله نام، نام خانوادگی، نام پدر، تاریخ تولد، محل تولد.
ب) اسناد ثابت کننده تابعیت محکوم، در صورت وجود.
پ) نسخهای از حکم، قانونی که مبنای صدور حکم بوده است و تصمیم مراجع صلاحیتدار در مورد قابلیت اجرای قانونی آن، در صورت وجود.
ت) درخواست کتبی محکوم یا افراد موضوع جز (۴) بند (۱) ماده (۶) این موافقتنامه.
ث) شرحی راجع به این که چه مقدار از محکومیت پیشتر سپری شده است، از جمله اطلاعات مربوط به هرگونه بازداشت پیش از محاکمه و هر عامل دیگری در ارتباط با اجرای محکومیت.
ج) چنان چه مناسب باشد، هرگونه گزارش های پزشکی یا اجتماعی در مورد محکوم، اطلاعات راجع به معالجه وی در دولت صادر کننده، و هرگونه توصیهای در مورد معالجه آتی وی در دولت اجرا کننده و اطلاعات مربوط به ویژگی های خاص رفتاری وی.
چ) اطلاعاتی در مورد وجود خسارات ناشی از عمل کیفری و جبران آن ها.
۲ـ چنان چه هر طرف نیازمند هرگونه اطلاعات یا توضیحات بیشتری باشد، می تواند اطلاعات یا توضیحات لازم را از طرف دیگر درخواست نماید.
۳ـ تمامی اسناد مندرج در این ماده توسط شخص مجاز امضا خواهد شد و چنان چه مناسب باشد، ممهور به مهر رسمی خواهد شد.
ماده ۱۰
زبان
درخواست انتقال و اسناد پیوست آن به زبان طرف درخواست کننده ارائه خواهد شد و ترجمهای به زبان طرف دیگر یا به زبان انگلیسی را همراه خواهد داشت.
ماده ۱۱
بررسی رضایت
۱ـ هر طرف اطمینان خواهد داد که شخصی که طبق جز «۴» بند «۱» ماده (۶) این موافقتنامه به انتقال رضایت میدهد، این کار را به طور داوطلبانه
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2,996 | 1 | 3 |
5/ Raccogliendo informazioni per il Senato.
6/ Aiutare ad amministrare il governo in modo granulare.
7/ Servendo come riserva di personale per l’elezione ai senati superiori, e per i compiti giudiziari, e come manager del governo.
Nessuna capitale lontana
Avere 100.000 legislatori rende impraticabile un’unica capitale nazionale. Così la nuova costituzione prevede 42 centri di voto regionali negli Stati Uniti e l’eliminazione di Washington DC come sede del governo. Questo renderà il nostro governo più accessibile alla gente. Renderà anche più difficile il lobbismo e la presa di potere.
La nuova costituzione viene prima della rivoluzione
Con le rivoluzioni democratiche, la nuova costituzione viene prima della rivoluzione. Prima si fanno i piani della casa, poi si costruisce la struttura. Altrimenti è probabile che ci sia un pericoloso periodo di anarchia. Ma se abbiamo un nuovo piano (e se la maggior parte della gente è d’accordo su di esso) allora è facile avere una rivoluzione democratica. C’è una tale costituzione sul mio sito web.
La terribile Costituzione degli Stati Uniti che tutto il “Mondo Libero” ha copiato
1/ Permetteva la schiavitù nella terra dei liberi.
2/ Non solo fu scritta senza una legge sui diritti, ma i suoi autori andarono a cavallo alle convenzioni di approvazione (ratifica) dei 13 stati per fare campagna per la loro nuova costituzione – mentre allo stesso tempo facevano campagna contro l’inclusione di una legge sui diritti. Gli stati fortunatamente non ascoltarono e aggiunsero un bill of rights.
3/ La sezione 1.2 della costituzione degli Stati Uniti dice: “Il numero dei rappresentanti non deve superare uno ogni 30.000, ma ogni stato deve avere almeno un rappresentante”. Come può la Costituzione degli Stati Uniti essere così tollerante nei confronti dell’oligarchia? Un rappresentante per stato?! Come può essere? Gli autori della costituzione USA volevano segretamente un’oligarchia di soli 3 legislatori per stato? L’attuale costituzione degli Stati Uniti è stata scritta per garantire le nostre libertà o per eliminarle? Il mio sito ha diversi altri imperdonabili “errori”.
Gli Stati Uniti hanno iniziato con 1 legislatore ogni 1.200 persone
Sotto la prima costituzione degli Stati Uniti (1777-89) c’erano più di 2.000 legislatori per 2,4 milioni di americani. Quindi il rapporto di rappresentanza era di un legislatore ogni 1.200 persone. Oggi, sotto la seconda costituzione degli Stati Uniti (1789-oggi), il rapporto di rappresentanza è di circa un legislatore per milione di persone. Forse gli autori della costituzione degli Stati Uniti, la costituzione prototipo del “mondo libero”, forse volevano una democrazia facile da corrompere che sembrasse giusta e ragionevole.
Cassio Dio, 200 d.C. circa, Regno di Augusto 52.40
“Se vuoi una monarchia, ma temi il titolo maledetto, puoi evitare il titolo governando come Cesare”.
Tucidide, 400 a.C. circa, Storia 2.65
“In teoria, Atene era una democrazia, ma in pratica era governata da un solo leader”.
Definizione del dizionario Apple di REPUBBLICA
“Uno stato in cui il potere supremo è detenuto dal popolo e dai suoi rappresentanti eletti, e che ha un presidente eletto o nominato piuttosto che un monarca”. [Re•pubblica = king•public = public•king]
Re = presidente
Sapete, le amministrazioni non elette/affidate gestiscono ancora tutti i nostri governi proprio come quando eravamo governati dai re. Non importa che aspetto abbiano i prestanome, l’importante è l’amministrazione corrotta non eletta che gestisce le cose.
L’antica Grecia e l’antica Roma avevano false democrazie. E la democrazia statunitense che tutto il mondo ha copiato? È anch’essa falsa?
Willliam Penn 1682
“Lasciate che il popolo pensi di governare, e sarà governato”.
La maggior parte delle spese del governo viene rubata”
Quanto è corrotto il governo? Ogni anno, gli Stati Uniti spendono 12.624 dollari per studente della scuola primaria/secondaria, e la dimensione media delle classi è di 20,9 studenti. Totale: 263.842 dollari per classe. E l’insegnante medio americano guadagna 63.645 dollari. E se affittassimo 980 sqft. (90 mq.) di spazio per un’aula, questo potrebbe costare 2.000 dollari al mese o 24.000 dollari all’anno. Totale 87.645 dollari per aula. Quindi abbiamo 263.842 dollari di spesa totale per classe, con 87.645 dollari per insegnanti e aule, e 176.197 dollari per altre cose. Letteralmente, 1/3 della spesa va agli insegnanti e alle aule, e 2/3 vanno per cosa? Questo è quanto sono corrotti i nostri governi oggi.
Como finire guerra e dittatura
Dare a 1 persona su 7 un fucile a canna rigida alimentato a mano. A 150 dollari ciascuno, questo costerebbe solo 150 miliardi di dollari in tutto il mondo. O forse lo facciamo solo per fermare la guerra in Sud Sudan (400.000 morti dal 2018). Forse anche per i rapimenti di ragazze sotto tiro in Nigeria. Forse anche per Cuba. Un miliardo di queste armi costerà meno di 1/4 del budget annuale della difesa degli Stati Uniti. Sicuramente possiamo permetterci questo singolo pagamento. E a causa del rumore, e della natura a colpo singolo dei fucili, e del fatto che sono fatti pesanti per impedire l’uso come una clava, la maggior parte dei cattivi intelligenti useranno invece i coltelli. Ma queste armi daranno comunque alle comunità il potere di sollevarsi contro invasori e dittatori.
Caratteristiche selezionate della nuova costituzione
Libertà di parola e di riunione-7.100 parole
Armi e armerie-3.800 parole
Elettronica, reti, registrazione, anonimato—3.300 parole
Immigrazione—11.600 parole
Tassazione e spesa—6.600 parole
Polizia, tribunali e prigione—17.500 parole
Cambiamenti-538 parole
lunghezza totale della nuova costituzione—222,600 words
Il resto de questo sito ha una nuova costituzione da riunire sotto, e più di 1.500 pagine di modi di buon senso per migliorare la democrazia e assicurare la libertà. Più cambiamenti ovviamente benefici vengono richiesti, più potente è il movimento.
Un esempio di altre cose da questo sito web
Se NAPOLI è dal greco NEO•POLIS
Che fine ha fatto la VECCHIA POLIS?
Molto prima che esistesse Pompeo, gli oratori greci dell’Italia meridionale chiamavano Napoli Neopolis = nuova città. C’è ancora una città vecchia sepolta sotto la cenere? Dovremmo fare dei buchi. Forse c’è un altro Pompeo ancora da scoprire. Forse dovremmo usare la datazione al carbonio per generare un record per quando il Vesuvio ha eruttato in precedenza e in che direzione sono andate la cenere e la lava. Forse dovremmo perforare in giro per Roma. Forse ci sono alcune comunità perdute da ritrovare.
Monte Testaccio Roma
Le discariche sono famose come grandi siti archeologici. Perché Testaccio non è stato scavato?
Zone lavoratori stranieri per l’Italia
L’Italia dovrebbe costruire un muro di Trump alla punta e un altro al tallone dell’Italia e lasciare che i lavoratori stranieri entrino e lavorino. Il tacco può essere più per l’industria e la punta più per il turismo. a/ Questo aiuterà molto con i problemi economici del Sud Italia. b/ Sarà positivo per l’economia complessiva dell’Italia. c/ Aggiungerà un’intera nuova classe di immigrati e forse raddoppierà o quadruplicherà il numero di persone che l’Italia può aiutare. d/ L’Italia valuta i suoi immigrati in questo modo e prende solo il meglio. e/ La Grecia dovrebbe fare una cosa simile con la penisola del Peloponneso.
I colossei romani erano strutture di morte
1/ Non si dice che le persone colpite a morte per intrattenimento erano in gran parte dissidenti e prigionieri politici. Erano anche vari tipi di criminali. Ma l’intero scopo del celebre Colosseo era che il governo intimidisse la gente. 2/ Nota come al Colosseo ci siano solo pochi ingressi al piano terra. Nota anche come sembra che si possa saltare fuori dal 2 ° livello, tuttavia, questa è in realtà l’altezza del 4 ° piano, quindi chiunque salti sarebbe ferito. Questo sembra essere un progetto di mannaia. Vedete, un piccolo numero di uomini armati di lunghe lance potrebbe controllare le poche uscite dal Colosseo e uccidere tutti quelli tra le decine di migliaia tra il pubblico che cercano di scappare. E tutte le persone che sarebbero saltate fuori sarebbero state ferite e facili da uccidere. Così tutto il popolo radunato all’interno di un colosseo romano poteva essere massacrato. E questo è proprio ciò che la storia registra con il massacro di Nika del 532 d.C. dove furono massacrati 30.000 (sicuramente un bilancio delle vittime ridotto al minimo). Degno di nota è anche il modo in cui questo evento è stato abilmente ribattezzato le rivolte di Nika a Costantinopoli. Qui le persone stavano per prendere il controllo e si sono riunite nel locale Colosseo per ascoltare gli oratori, fare progetti e celebrare il loro Gr. Nika = vittoria. Decine di migliaia di persone furono invece massacrate dal fronte dell’imperatore Giustiniano nel corso di una settimana mentre la fame li spingeva a confrontarsi con la forza molto più piccola che li tratteneva all’interno del Colosseo. Quindi vedete, il Colosseo era in realtà una macchina della morte e uno strumento di sottomissione.
Ferrovia a scartamento largo per l’Italia
Costruisci una linea ferroviaria di 7 metri da Torino al tacco d’Italia. Questo supporterà i treni con pianali di 9 metri. Quindi costruiamo alcune linee laterali. Una volta che abbiamo questo sistema, possiamo trasportare interi appartamenti gettati dal cemento… e questo è un enorme sviluppo per l’economia.
Vedete, allora possiamo avere fabbriche in cui 240 stampi al giorno passano accanto a una serie di attuatori giganti. Quindi gettiamo e trasportiamo interi appartamenti in calcestruzzo gettato fino a 9 m di larghezza.
Questo tipo di costruzione è immensamente forte, quasi totalmente ignifugo, molto preciso e soprattutto poco costoso perché produrremo in serie i nostri appartamenti nelle fabbriche. È comunque estremamente pesante. Le dimensioni saranno modulari, ma ci saranno migliaia di stili interni e pelli esterne modulari da imbullonare, in stile scandole.
Quindi impileremo questi blocchi da costruzione come mattoni cavi delle dimensioni di un appartamento, con grandi viti di livellamento negli angoli. Quindi il cemento viene versato tra i mattoni delle dimensioni di un appartamento per tenere insieme l’armatura sporgente. Anche i corridoi saranno modulari, così come le cartucce multipiano che vengono calate nei canali dall’alto. Tutto è spiegato nella sezione Nuovo mondo di questo sito.
Nuove città tra le vecchie
La terra può essere di milioni per acro nelle nostre città, ma normalmente costa meno di 20.000 per acro tra le nostre città. Si tratta di un risparmio di circa il 99% sui costi del terreno. Quindi diamo alcune nuove città tra le nostre vecchie città dove la terra è abbondante ed economica. E colleghiamo queste nuove città tramite un nuovo sistema di trasporto a 300 km/h che utilizza binari a scartamento di 7 metri. Per i treni passeggeri, si tratta di due scompartimenti larghi 3 metri su entrambi i lati di un corridoio. Per il trasporto merci, questo è largo 3 container o è un letto di 9 metri per il trasporto di blocchi di cemento. E le rotaie saranno costruite con fondamenta adeguate in modo che siano robuste per carichi enormi. E anche a causa di queste fondamenta, i binari rimarranno super stabili e potranno essere utilizzati per treni molto veloci.
Another advantage of using proper foundations for our trains is that the tracks — which are well attached to the foundations — these tracks can serve as restraining Un altro vantaggio dell’utilizzo di fondamenta adeguate per i nostri treni è che i binari, che sono ben fissati alle fondamenta, possono fungere da cinghie di contenimento. Avremo due serie di ruote sui nostri treni. Un set sarà costituito da ruote cilindriche in acciaio che rotolano sulla superficie superiore perfettamente piatta di una trave a I. Il secondo set di ruote girerà orizzontalmente e rotolerà sulla rete dei binari della trave a I. Queste seconde ruote serviranno da guida e da frenata. Poiché le ruote sono bloccate all’interno della rete, i deragliamenti saranno quasi impossibili. Inoltre, possiamo premere verso l’esterno con le nostre ruote frenanti e utilizzare i cingoli come cinghie di ritenuta per un arresto super veloce. E poiché possiamo fermare i nostri treni molto velocemente, possono anche andare super veloci… o trasportare carichi super pesanti.
I treni avranno accelerometri e i binari avranno un sistema di regolazione. Il sistema robotico di regolazione dei cingoli monitorerà i dati dell’accelerometro e quindi girerà periodicamente i bulloni di regolazione in modo che i cingoli rimarranno super lisci. Questo è in cima alla stabilità fornita dal passo molto più grande.
Londra = L’ond•in?
Che dire Hole•land & the Neverland?
Cosa accadrebbe se ci fosse un’eruzione vulcanica o un terremoto in Islanda? Ciò potrebbe causare uno tsunami diretto a sud-est nel Mare del Nord. Questa onda inizia con una larghezza di 500 km, ma poi si restringe a 30 km a Dover/Calais. La forma della costa attraverso il Canale della Manica incanala le acque di circa 15 volte e, di conseguenza, fa sì che le acque si alzino. Questo è ciò che apparentemente ha eroso le scogliere di Dover. E guarda come il Tamigi si avvicinerebbe alla metà del flusso dello tsunami.
Quindi Londra sembra essere stato il quartiere di L’unda-in che nessuno voleva dopo l’ultimo tsunami. E dall’altra parte del canale c’è l’Isola che non c’è. Il mai più abitare lì terre. Un luogo che viene anche chiamato buco•land. Quindi alcune persone sono entrate e hanno comprato questa terra per quasi niente e poi l’hanno venduta con un profitto per generazioni.
Guarda una mappa del Bangladesh, Gibuti e le province cinesi di Pechino/Tianjin. Tutti sono alla fine di un imbuto per lo tsunami e tutti hanno la forma delle aree di lavaggio dello tsunami. Immagina uno tsunami in direzione nord che colpisce la costa della Cina meridionale e viene incanalato da Taiwan. Sembra che ci fosse una buona ragione per cui la gente di Chiang Kai-shek trovava Taiwan disabitata.
Come porre fine alla tubercolosi?
La tubercolosi uccide 1,4 milioni di persone ogni anno. Ora le persone spesso chiamano la tubercolosi una malattia di estrema povertà. Ma non è proprio vero. La tubercolosi è descritta più accuratamente come una malattia di estrema ignoranza – ignoranza di 4 semplici idee: 1°: Che il sintomo principale della tubercolosi è l’espettorazione indolore di un po’ di sangue di tanto in tanto. 2ND Quella tubercolosi uccide la metà delle persone che l’hanno ogni 5 anni. 3°: Che la tubercolosi può essere facilmente curata con pillole gratuite. 4°: Che la tubercolosi si trasmette principalmente attraverso il sangue della tosse e il sangue della tosse. Stai lontano da questi e tieni lontano anche le persone. E se sperimentate o incontrate tosse con sangue, fate il test per la tubercolosi.
Quindi, ciò di cui abbiamo veramente bisogno per porre fine alla tubercolosi è avere una campagna di informazione – per lo più solo una campagna di informazione – per combattere l’estrema ignoranza nei luoghi terribilmente poveri che ancora soffrono di tubercolosi.<|endoftext|>L’Unione europea creerà una entità legale per facilitare le transazioni con l’Iran e andrà avanti nei rapporti commerciali con il paese, a dispetto delle sanzioni imposte contro Teheran dall’amministrazione Trump. Nel leggere il comunicato Federica Mogherini, Alro rappresentante dell’Unione per gli Affari esteri, ha affermato che è stata ribadita l’importanza di sviluppare canali di pagamento con l’Iran, in modo particolare uno strumento ad hoc.<|endoftext|>Beyindeki elektrik sinyallerinden en hızlıları
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وانه سازی در فدراسیون کبدی را قابل تقدیر دانست و گفت: فعالیت در رشته ای بدون داشتن پشتوانه فاجعه است؛ اما کبدی در همه بخش ها به این مهم توجه داشته است.
وی در پایان، با بیان این که از حضور در میان ورزشکاران و ملی پوشان انگیزه و انرژی می گیرد، افزود: امیدوارم در مسابقات قهرمانی آسیا نتیجه گذشته تکرار شود و شما با گردن آویز طلا به کشور باز گردید.
مقصودلو: افتخارات بانوان کبدی همپای مردان این رشته است
در ادامه این بازدید محمدرضا مقصودلو رئیس فدراسیون کبدی حرکت در این فدراسیون را بر مبنای برنامه ۴ ساله دانست و گفت: بعد از حضور در اینچئون تلاش کردیم تا تیم را با پایه هایی از جوانان تقویت کنیم؛ بر همین اساس با سرمایه گذاری در این تیم، عنوان نخست مسابقات قهرمانی آسیا که به میزبانی ارومیه برگزار شد را از آن خود کردیم.
وی اتکا، توکل، فرهنگ و اخلاق را از ویژگی های اصلی تیم ملی کبدی بانوان عنوان و خاطرنشان کرد: سکو رفتن بدون توجه به این مسائل برای ما هیچ ارزشی ندارد و تیم ما ثابت کرد که اخلاق در کنار فن و تکنیک ارزشمند است.
رئیس فدراسیون کبدی در ادامه با بیان این که کادر فنی موفقی تیم بانوان را همراهی می کند، گفت: با حضور شیوایی نائب رئیس، رحیمی نژاد سرپرست و مقصودلو سرمربی تیم تمامی مسائل به صورت موشکافانه بررسی می شود که در نتیجه آن شاهد تیمی بالنده و سازنده هستیم.
مقصودلو در پایان از حمایت های معاون امور ورزش بانوان تقدیر کرد و افزود: با یاری مسئولان وزارت ورزش و جوانان بود که توانستیم در بخش بانوان به اندازه آقایان افتخار کسب کنیم و امیدواریم پاسخ این حمایت ها در مسابقات آسیایی جاکارتا داده شود.
مسابقات قهرمانی آسیا از فردا تا ۱۶ تیرماه به میزبانی کره جنوبی برگزار می شود. فاطمه کرمی، نفیسه حسینی نسب، رویا علی آبادی، صدیقه جعفری، زهرا عباسی، زهرا کریمی، زهرا آسترکی، زهرا احسانی فر، مرضیه عشقی و رویا داوودیان، ۱۰ بازیکن نهایی تیم ملی کبدی بانوان ایران برای حضور در این مسابقات هستند.<|endoftext|>Svalbard Global Seed Vault
Regional and political collaboration in the Nordics are among the world’s oldest and most wide-ranging. As a result, coordination without explicit political goals has become habitual. Something that proved itself useful once again when the Norwegian government decided to share a seed vault with the rest of the World.
The world’s backup refrigerator
The special thing about the Svalbard Global Seed Vault is that all nations can use it free of charge. This means the vault now contains duplicates of 40 % of all seed samples conserved around the world. Duplicates that aren’t necessarily meant to come out again. Due to the war in Syria however, there has been one withdrawal.
The Svalbard Global Seed Vault is located deep inside a mountain locked inside the permafrost of a secluded island in the Arctic Circle. It has been dubbed the doomsday vault because it is intended as a backup in case of a catastrophe that devastates the world’s food crops. All coordination and day-to-day operations are managed by NordGen – an institute established between the Nordic countries, originally dedicated to safeguarding the genetics of local plants, farm animals and forests. Funding comes from the Norwegian Ministry for Agriculture and Food, Crop Trust and NordGen.
The war in Syria has left an important seed vault in Aleppo unreachable – cutting off access to more than 135.000 varieties of crops, most of them already extinct. These seeds are of particular historical and cultural significance because the cradle of agriculture was in and around the lands of ancient Syria. Perhaps more importantly the old Syrian crops has desirable genetic traits such as heat and drought resistance. Traits that could become essential if climate change escalates. Fortunately, the vault in Aleppo had duplicates in the Svalbard Global Seed Vault.
The duplicates were shipped to new seed vaults in Lebanon and Morocco. They were planted and grown in greenhouses before stocks were replenished and the ancient seeds once again became available to researchers around the world.<|endoftext|>A recent case study published by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention highlighted that capsules of dehydrated placenta prepared for human consumption can be a source of infectious agents.
Credit: Nick Lundgren/Shutterstock.com
There has been a recent surge in human placentophagy —placenta eating. Since there is no scientific evidence to support the purported physical and psychological benefits of the practice, it is thought to have gained popularity as a result of promotion in the media and celebrity endorsement.
There are recipe books providing suggestions for including placenta in meals, and for the more squeamish there are companies who will dehydrate placenta and return it in capsulated form.
Although such companies do request information on pre-existing infections, eg, HIV, chlamydia, hepatitis, they do not ask about infections at the time of giving birth. In addition, because of the relative newness of the procedure, there are no standards in place to ensure the safety of placenta processed for human consumption.
The placenta is rich in hormones, such as progesterone and estrogen, and nutrients, such as iron, which may be beneficial during recovery from child birth. However, the quantity of these hormones and nutrients in placenta and the extent to which they survive cooking and dehydration remain unknown.
Furthermore, the placenta also acts to prevent potentially harmful products from reaching the fetus, and so may contain toxins as well as the hormones and nutrients. There are currently no placebo-controlled data to confirm whether or not consuming placenta does have benefits in humans, although a trial is currently underway.
An infant born last year after an uncomplicated pregnancy developed respiratory distress shortly after birth and was treated for presumed sepsis. Blood cultures from the baby were found to be positive for an antibiotic sensitive group B Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) despite negative maternal screening for the bacteria.
The infection was cleared with a course of antibiotics and the infant was discharged. The infant was readmitted 5 days later and found to have the same GBS infection. The source of the infection was a mystery as neither CSF nor breast milk nor serial maternal examinations revealed GBS.
The treating physician then learnt from a physician at the birth hospital that the mother had requested release of the placenta at the time of delivery. The mother confirmed that her placenta had been processed by a third party and she had been taking two capsules of the dehydrated placenta three times daily.
Analysis of these capsules was positive for GBS. The capsule bacteria were shown to be genetically identical to those in the infant's blood samples.
The infant was treated with a different type of antibiotics and discharged. The final diagnosis was late-onset GBS disease attributable to high maternal colonization secondary to consumption of GBS-infected placental tissue.
This case study suggests that consumption of contaminated placenta capsules might increase maternal GBS intestinal and skin colonization, whereby increasing the risk of transferring the bacteria to her infant. In cases of late-onset GBS infection in new-borns, clinicians should investigate whether there is a history of placenta ingestion. Expectant mothers interested in placenta encapsulation should be made aware of the potential risks.
The placenta encapsulation process does not eradicate infectious pathogens and so consumption of placenta capsules should be avoided.<|endoftext|>Neredeyse 1 haftadır oğlum babasıyla vakit geçiremiyor. Serkan Van'a gitti, yeni geldi. Geldiğinden beri de evde ve işte çalışıyor.
Bugün öğlen babası geldiğinde Çınar'ı ayağımda sallıyordum ama Çınar'da hiç uyuyacak göz yoktu. Göz göze geldiğimiz anda sevimli bir gülücük fırlattığı için göz göze gelmemeye çalıştım. Çünkü dayanamayıp ben de gülüyorum, bu sefer kıkırdamaya başlıyor ve uykusu iyice kaçıyor.
Baktı benden fayda yok babasını görür görmez ona yapmaya başladı şirinliklerini. Önce kollarını uzattı beni al der gibi, sonra kıkırdamalar falan. Ardından Serkan odadan çıktı ve Çınar bugüne kadar hiç göstermediği bir tepki verdi. Dudağını büzdürüp ağlamaya başladı. (Bayılıyorum dudağını büzdürmesine. Çok şirin oluyor.)Serkan geri geldi , o gelince yine kollarını uzattı, yine gitti, yine ağladı... Bu böyle kucağa alınıncaya kadar sürdü.
Değmeyin babasının keyfine. "Oğlum beni istiyor işte" diye böbürlene böbürlene geziyor şimdi.<|endoftext|>La gara della 125 è partita e rimasta asciutta, ma il semaforo si è spento su una griglia di piloti “frizzati” dal freddo (15 gradi centigradi) e dal forte vento che da due giorni non ha smesso di soffirea sul circuito australiano.
Marc Marquez, partito dalla sua undicesima pole position, è andato a vincere questa terz'ultima e importantissima gara a mani basse. Lo spagnolo è scattato molto bene ed ha allungato quasi subito, chiudendo a 6.062 secondi di distacco da Pol Espargarò, secondo. Poi, una volta presa la bandiera a scacchi, il piccolo Marquez è sceso lungo il prato bagnato con la sua Derbi per andare a vedere su uno dei megascreen del circuito l'arrivo di Nico Terol, in lotta con lui per il mondiale.
Nove vittorie quest'anno per Marquez, record che eguaglia quello del maggior numero di gare vinte in un'unica stagione di Jorge Martinez nel 1988.
Venticinque punti fondamentali per la classifica del mondo che, sommati agli altri, ora salgono a 272.
Nico Terol, arrivato terzo dopo una bella battaglia con Vazquez, Smith ed Espargarò, ha preso quindi 16 punti e la forbice del distacco in classifica tra lui e Marquez si è così allargata: a due gare dalla fine del mondiale (quindi con 50 punti in palio) di 12 punti separano i due spagnoli.
Ottimo il 4° posto di Efren Vazquez, compagno di squadra di Pol Espargarò, che ha gabbato Bradley Smith al fotofinish dopo che i video del circuito avevano già stato assegnato il 4° posto all'inglese.
Nella 125 si parla quindi sempre più lo spagnolo e sempre meno l'italiano: sono proprio in 125.
Così gli italiani: Simone Grotzkyj Giorgi ha chiuso al limte della zona punti in 15a posizione, mentre Lorenzo Savadori si è ritirato per un problema alla marmitta.<|endoftext|>Diego Simeone, tecnico dell’Atletico Madrid, ha parlato in conferenza stampa, alla vigilia del match di Champions contro il Milan
Intervenuto in conferenza stampa alla vigilia della sfida di Champions League contro il Milan, Diego Simeone, tecnico dell’Atletico Madrid, ha presentato così il match.
POLEMICHE ARBITRALI – «Succede in quasi tutte le partite che si giocano. Ci sono sempre critiche, situazioni a favore o contro. Non c’è niente di nuovo».<|endoftext|>Menşe ülkeme dönüşüm
Bu makaleyi paylaş
Hollanda devletinden oturum izni alamazsanız, geleceğinizi düşünmeniz önemlidir. Bunun kolay olmadığının farkındayız. Dönüşünüzle ilgili ayrıntıları VluchtelingenWerk Nederland (Vwn) ile veya dönüş konusunda destek sunan başka bir kuruluşla görüşebilirsiniz.
Dönüş desteği
Geri dönmek isteyip istemediğinize siz karar veriyorsunuz. VluchtelingenWerk (VWN) bazı ülkelere geri dönmenin güvenli olmadığı kanaatindedir ve geri dönüşünüz için destek sağlamamaktadır. Ancak, sizi bu ülkelere dönüş için yardımcı olan kuruluşlara yönlendirebiliriz.
Kendi ülkenize bağımsız olarak dönerseniz, destek alabilirsiniz. Bu destek bir ürün, hizmet veya finansal katkı şeklinde olabilir. Örneğin, kendi mağazanızı başlatmak için bir başlangıç tutarı ve/veya bir iş planı düzenlemenize destek dolabilir. Destek alıp almadığınız ve neye hakkınız olduğu, kişiye ve ülkeye göre değişmektedir.
Zorunlu dönüş
Sığınma başvurunuz reddedildiği takdirde, devlet kurumu olan Geri Gönderme ve Dönme Servisi (DT&V), memleketinize dönme konusunda sizinle iletişime geçecektir. Bu, Hollanda'dan hemen ayrılmanız gerektiği anlamına gelmez.
Avukatınız Göçmenlik ve Vatandaşlık Dairesi'nin (IND) kararına itiraz ettiyse, genellikle hakimin kararını Hollanda’da bekleyebilirsiniz. Barınma durumunuz ile ilgili VluchtelingenWerk Nederland'daki (VWN) amirinize danışın.
Lütfen dikkat: bağımsız olarak geri dönmeyi seçmez, ancak zorla geri gönderilirseniz, Hollanda hükümetinden destek alamayacaksınız. VluchtelingenWerk Nederland'ın (VWN) bunun üzerinde hiçbir etkisi bulunmamaktadır.<|endoftext|>车险怎么买，这是很多车主会头大的问题。买多了吧，怕用不上，白花钱。买少了吧，又怕到了用的时候没保险可赔。要想知道车险咋买，就得对车险有了解。比如说车损险，车损险是商业险当中的一个重要主险，但是还是有车主会问小编，车损险该不该买？
一、车损险理赔范围有哪些？
保险期间内，被保险人或其允许的驾驶人在使用被保险机动车过程中，因下列原因造成被保险机动车的直接损失，且不属于免除保险人责任的范围，保险人依照本保险合同的约定负责赔偿：
（一） 碰撞、倾覆、坠落；
（二） 火灾、爆炸；
（三） 外界物体坠落、倒塌；
（四） 雷击、暴风、暴雨、洪水、龙卷风、冰雹、台风、热带风暴；
（五） 地陷、崖崩、滑坡、泥石流、雪崩、冰陷、暴雪、冰凌、沙尘暴；
（六） 受到被保险机动车所载货物、车上人员意外撞击；
（七） 载运被保险机动车的渡船遭受自然灾害（只限于驾驶人随船的情形）。
发生保险事故时，被保险人或其允许的驾驶人为防止或者减少被保险机动车的损失所支付的必要的、合理的施救费用，由保险人承担；施救费用数额在被保险机动车损失赔偿金额以外另行计算，最高不超过保险金额的数额。
因此可以看出，车损险能够应付绝大部分事故中车子的伤害。但是车主们一定要注意，这个险种主要是保车身的。如果
二、车损险的免赔额
保险人在依据本保险合同约定计算赔款的基础上，按照下列方式免赔：
（一）被保险机动车一方负次要事故责任的，实行5%的事故责任免赔率；负同等事故责任的，实行10%的事故责任免赔率；负主要事故责任的，实行15%的事故责任免赔率；负全部事故责任或单方肇事事故的，实行20%的事故责任免赔率；
（二）被保险机动车的损失应当由第三方负责赔偿，无法找到第三方的，实行30%的绝对免赔率；
（三）违反安全装载规定、但不是事故发生的直接原因的，增加10%的绝对免赔率；
（四）对于投保人与保险人在投保时协商确定绝对免赔额的，本保险在实行免赔率的基础上增加每次事故绝对免赔额。
更多车险问题，来车车买车险，平台汇集超大牌的保险公司，服务更优，理赔有保障，同时享受互联网车险优惠，价格更便宜。车车还推出车车理赔管家服务，与全国1万多家4S店合作，理赔更有保障。<|endoftext|>这个设备看起来就像普通的隐形眼镜，眼镜上设计有电极，能够从摄像头获取信号。摄像头既可以手持也可以戴在眼镜上。
当佩戴者用摄像头看物体时，摄像头会将图像翻译成电子盲文，然后接触式眼镜会刺激视网膜上的图形接收细胞。
Zeev Zalevsky教授：“这就像读取盲文，不过我们使用的是眼镜而不是手指。我们能够用比盲文系统多得多的点来编码图像。通过这些编码来刺激角膜表面。”
与盲文系统用六个点位置来传递信息给读者不同，角膜上的探测器对接触刺激的敏感度是手指的六百倍。
教授还表示，角膜是人体对接触式刺激最敏感的区域。在动物试验中，佩戴眼镜的动物可以在黑暗中找到路，但是还需要进一步的人体试验验证。
教授说：“我们的解决方案能够版主盲人读信，帮助他们在立体环境中定位。这意味着盲人可以穿越马路时躲避车辆。然而更让人兴奋的是我们可以将信息传递给视网膜。虽然现在还只能传递16像素的图像信息，不过新的设备将会提供数以万计像素的信息。”
研究人员告诉采访者，目前只进行了初步的人体临床试验，眼镜只能传送基本的空间图形。佩戴着能够在几分钟的联系后识别这些图形。你想识别的图形越多，那没你需要进行的训练时间就越长。这一点和训练盲人识别盲文类似。
Zalevsky教授还希望能够开发出类似的设备帮助听力缺陷的人群。<|endoftext|>2015~2016年最炙手可热的RPG是什么，相信《巫师3》一定是唯一的选择，这款由波兰团队CDPR开发制作，改编自波兰著名小说《猎魔人》的游戏，获得了全世界人民的肯定。然而最近，《猎魔人》小说
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1858, Harlan was elected County Judge of
Franklin County. In 1859, he ran for the United States House of Representatives
and was narrowly defeated.
his tenure as Adjutant General, Harlan had served under the administrations of
Governors John L. Helm, Lazarus W. Powell and Charles S. Morehead.
Brown replaced Harlan as Adjutant General in September of 1859.
Harlan embarked on his career in politics, he, like his father, was a member of
the Whig party which soon disintegrated over the issue of slavery. Over the
years prior to becoming a Republican in 1868, Harlan would join numerous other political
parties. During campaigns, he was described as being six feet two inches tall,
red-haired and handsome with a powerful voice and speaking style. His charismatic
style won him renown, and his skill on the campaign trail won him elections.
early political career, Harlan
was consistent on one controversial issue: slavery. He defended it vigorously
and often, arguing against abolition as a violation of private property rights.
At the same time, he was convinced that the Union must be preserved, leading
him to enlist in the North, on the side of the Union, during the American Civil
War in 1861.
On August 13, 1861, John Harlan was elected
Captain of the newly organized, Crittenden Union Zouaves, and on October 4,
1861, he and those in his command were enrolled into the Union Army. One month
later, Harlan is mustered in as Colonel of the Tenth Kentucky Volunteer
Infantry Regiment, in Lebanon, Ky., for what was to be a three-year term.
(See history of the 10th Kentucky Volunteer
Infantry Regiment below this article.)
Throughout his military
service, Harlan continued to argue that the federal government should not
meddle in the slavery question. The Union's goal in taking up arms, as he said
in a wartime speech, "Was not for the purpose of giving freedom to the
Negro." He swore he would quit the army if President Lincoln signed the
Emancipation Proclamation. When the Proclamation took effect on January 1,
1863, Harlan denounced it as "unconstitutional and null and void."
Proclamation did not apply to Kentucky, since the state was not part of the
Confederacy. John Harlan owned a few household slaves, and he did not free them
until the ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment to the U. S. Constitution
forced him in December 1865.
“The amendment,” he said, “was
a flagrant invasion of the right of self-government which deprived the states
of the right to make their own policies.”
He vowed he would oppose it if there were not a dozen slaves in Kentucky. Eventually, he would change his stand on the matter.
Contrary to the public
perception, he did not resign from the Army over the proclamation. His
resignation came forth after the death of his father on March 6, 1863. He chose
to leave the army at this time to care for his family and resume his career in
law and politics.
The following is an extract from his letter of
resignation, which reveals his passion as a patriot:
“I deeply regret that I am compelled, at this
time, to return to civil life. It was my fixed purpose to remain in the Federal
army until it had effectually suppressed the existing armed rebellion, and
restored the authority of the national government over every part of the
nation. No ordinary considerations would have induced me to depart from this
purpose. Even the private interests, to which I have alluded, would be regarded
as nothing, in my estimation, if I felt that my continuance in, or retirement
from, the service would, to any material extent, affect the great struggle
through which the country is now passing.
“If, therefore, I am permitted to retire from
the army, I beg the commanding general to feel assured that it is from no want
of confidence either in the justice of ultimate triumph of the Union cause.
That cause will always have the warmest sympathies of my heart, for there are
no conditions upon which I will consent to a dissolution of the Union. Nor are
there any conditions, consistent with a republican form of government, which I
am not prepared to make in order to maintain and perpetuate that Union.”
amusing anecdote from Harlan’s Civil War service appeared in the February 28,
1904, issue of the Lexington Leader:
Basil Duke Saved from Capture by John M. Harlan An Incident of the Civil War in Which the Confederate Raider Came Near Being Captured by Federal Soldiers Enroute to Lexington
Gen. Basil Duke, who recently returned from Washington where he received the appointment as commissioner of the Shiloh Battlefield Park, tells an interesting story of his adventurous career, which has never before appeared in print. It was recalled by Justice John M. Harlan, of the United States Supreme Court, who figured in the story. The incident took place in the fall of 1861. Former Speaker David B. Henderson also figured in the incident, and it was never told during the years closely following the war, on account of the part which Justice Harlan played. Gen. Duke was in Bowling Green, and his wife was in Lexington. He resolved to run the gauntlet of Union troops then in Kentucky and make his way to Lexington. He set out in citizen’s clothes with a friend, and had reached the railroad tunnel south of Elizabethtown, when he saw a hand car approaching loaded with Union soldiers. His friend wished to stop the car, and although Gen. Duke protested, the other soldier shouted as the hand car passed: “Hello, can’t you give us a lift?” Gen. Duke, who had been wearing his hat over his eyes, involuntarily looked up, and recognized on the car John M. Harlan, who was fighting with the Union troops, George Monroe and George Jouett, all of whom were from the Blue Grass and were acquaintances and friends of Gen. Duke. The three friends of Gen. Duke were at that time, or subsequently became officers in the Federal army. They also recognized him and someone shouted: “There’s Basil Duke! Stop the car! What’s he doing here?” Gen. Duke noticed that the car did not slow down appreciably and in a few moments it disappeared in the tunnel. He made a wide skirt of Elizabethtown, visited his wife and subsequently returned to the army. He carried with him through the war the mystery of why the hand car did not stop and effect his arrest. He knew that if it had done so, he would have probably been hanged, or at least imprisoned through the war. After the war he learned through Mr. Henderson that Justice Harlan had pressed his foot against the brake lever of the hand car and in that way frustrated the efforts of the Union soldiers who were with him and desired to capture Gen. Duke. Mr. Harlan tells the story himself with enthusiasm, and in explaining his action, says: “I had known Gen. Duke for years, and it was my firm belief that he was simply on the way to see his wife at Lexington. It was not my intention to see him captured, and I accordingly kept the comrades of mine from stopping the car. Subsequent events proved that I was right, as Gen. Duke was not there in the capacity of a spy.”
Nearly two years following his statements concerning the
slavery issue, Harlan amazingly became a Republican, joining the party of
Lincoln, whose policies he had so vehemently opposed. It was the party of freedom
for black Americans, the party of the Thirteenth Amendment, which ended
slavery, and the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments, which extended the rights
and privileges of citizenship to the freed slaves.
Once a bitter critic of
these Reconstruction Amendments, Harlan was suddenly, and willingly, their
proponent. In 1871, he said: "I have lived long enough to feel and declare
that . . . the most perfect despotism that ever existed on this earth was the
institution of African slavery. . . . With slavery it was death or tribute. . .
. It knew no compromise; it tolerated no middle course. I rejoice that it is
"With slavery it was death or tribute. . . . It knew no compromise; it tolerated no middle course. I rejoice that it is gone." -john marshall harlan, U.S. Supreme court justice
"With slavery it was death or tribute. . . . It knew no compromise; it tolerated no middle course. I rejoice that it is gone."
As to his spectacular flip-flop on the issue, Harlan said: "Let it be said that I am right rather than consistent."
In 1868, he
was elected attorney general of Kentucky on the Union ticket. His growing
popularity gave him confidence as a strong Republican candidate for governor of
Kentucky, and in 1871 and 1875, he fought, but lost in both campaigns.
In 1872, despite
his recent loss at the governor’s campaign, his name was also presented by the Republican
convention of Kentucky for vice president of the United States.
Harlan’s political efforts aided Rutherford B. Hayes to win the Republican
presidential nomination. Harlan was then nominated to the Supreme Court by
President Hayes on October 17, 1877, and the Senate confirmed this appointment
November 29, 1877. At the time, Harlan was the only law school graduate among
the nine seated Justices.
Benjamin Harrison appointed Harlan to represent the United States in Paris
during the 1892 arbitration with Great Britain over fishing rights in the
made by Justice Harlan over 100 years ago still have relevance and continue to impact
our lives, today and in the future.
Harlan’s most famous dissenting opinion was in the case of Plessy v. Ferguson (1896). At issue was a Louisiana law compelling
segregation in rail coaches. To test the law, Homer Plessy, a Louisianan of
mixed race, was arrested for sitting in the “whites-only” section of a rail
car. In this 7 – 1 landmark case the Supreme Court established one of its most
notorious decisions, the “separate but equal” principle of racial segregation. The
lone dissenter was Justice Harlan.
dissent, he asserted, “Our Constitution is colorblind, and neither knows nor
tolerates classes among citizens.”
majority disagreed, declaring the law constitutional and further adding, while
it stamped blacks with “a badge of inferiority” only if “the colored race
chooses to put that construction upon it.”
Harlan had come a long way from his Kentucky roots as a former slave owner and
defender of slavery.
not be until the 1954 case, Brown v.
Board of Education, did the Court finally repudiate the “separate but
equal” principle established in Plessy.
second case, Jacobson v. Massachusetts
(1905) a small pox epidemic in Cambridge, Massachusetts, required all its
citizens to take the small pox vaccination. Henning Jacobson bulked at the
city’s requirement and was fined $5.00.
stated that his refusal was that his, “liberty is invaded when the State
subjects him to fine or imprisonment for neglecting or refusing to submit to
vaccination.” He went on to say, “A compulsory vaccination law is unreasonable,
arbitrary and oppressive, and, therefore, hostile to the inherent right of
every freeman to care for his own body and health in such way as to him seems
best.” Jacobson contested his fine and took his case all the way to the Supreme
to today and you see the COVID-19 pandemic has led to extraordinary constraints
on our liberty. From bans on international travel, state and local orders that
businesses close their doors, bans on large gatherings, social distancing, infected
individuals being required to self-quarantine and the vast majority of our
people being told to remain at home.
would happen if a vaccine for COVID-19 became available? It’s assumed most
Americans would take the shot, but there would be those who would refuse. Does
state government have the authority to compel the refusers to be vaccinated
under penalty of the law?
In the 1905
case of Henning Jacobson, the Supreme Court rejected Jacobson’s argument, in a
7–2 majority opinion. As argued by Justice Harlan, they agreed, “The power of a
local community to protect itself against an epidemic threatening the safety of
all might be exercised.” For the safety of the public, the community should be
allowed to place measures on its people.
he stated the enforcement of such a restraint on an individual is, in fact,
lawfully justified. He argues the Constitution does not wholly release all such
restraints in all circumstances if the greater goal lies in protection of the
case, Harlan concluded the law was ruled to be a reasonable regulation.
Harlan died on October 14, 1911. By that time, Harlan had served on the Supreme
Court for thirty-four years, a tenure exceeded by only four other Justices. His
remains were buried in Rock Creek Cemetery, near where he died in Washington,
Marshall Harlan was a unique individual and a true Kentucky gentleman. Fellow
Justice, Oliver Wendell Homes, remarked that Justice Harlan was the last
“tobacco chomping Justice.” He was also known to drink bourbon, play golf,
watch baseball and wear colorful clothing not often associated with Supreme
Court Justices. At times he was a terror to lawyers when he sat on the bench.
He was an
approachable man of middle-class values, and unlike his fellow Justices, was
known to associate and socialize with people of all races. For over two decades,
Harlan kept a close relationship with Frederick Douglass, a national leader of
the abolitionist movement in the mid-19th century.
held strong personal convictions and was a religious fundamentalist. He
believed that the judiciary should serve as the defender of private property
and the rights of individuals. He was rarely swayed by the arguments of his
colleagues, even if their views had more substance than his. And during his
time on the bench, he wrote 1,161 opinions, including 316 dissents. For this, Harlan
was given the nickname, “The Great Dissenter.”
In her book, Judicial Enigma, a new biography of Harlan, Justice Constance Baker Motley, states while writing his dissent in Plessy v. Ferguson, Justice John Marshall Harlan “was a solitary and lonely figure writing for posterity.”
Regimental History of the 10th Kentucky Volunteer Infantry Regiment
John Harlan organized this regiment and served as its commander until resigning his commission at the time of his father’s death on March 6, 1863. What is listed below is the official history of the regiment up to the time Harlan resigned:Organized at Lebanon, Ky., November 21, 1861. Attached to 2nd Brigade, Army of Ohio, to December, 1861. 2nd Brigade, 1st Division, Army of Ohio, to September, 1862. 2nd Brigade, 1st Division, 3rd Corps, Army of Ohio, to November, 1862. 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division (Center), 14th Army Corps, Army of the Cumberland, to January, 1863.
SERVICE — 1862:
SERVICE — 1863:<|endoftext|>When your grandma is using her face to unlock her iPhone, you know a technology has gone mainstream. Facial Recognition "is a biometric software application capable of uniquely identifying or verifying a person by comparing and analyzing patterns based on the person's facial contours." In the last four years, there has been a jump in the use of the technology as vendors have begun to use convolutional neural networks (CNN), a deep learning methodology and algorithms, for model training. A National Institute of Standards and Technology test of vendors in 2018 showed a 95% reduction in error rate compared to a similar test completed in 2014. Applications of facial recognition in government include security (access to devices, data, and physical locations), law enforcement (matching video footage of a crime to a database of suspects), and identity verification for travel.
While the technology has come a long way, many argue it still has a way to go before it can be used widely in areas as critical as criminal justice and security. There are calls for regulation by the FTC and other federal entities. While there are accuracy benchmarks that vendors must pass to be used in government, in many cases, the groups used in benchmarks are not as diverse as those that the system will interact with once fielded. Regulation proponents argue that much of the facial recognition technology was designed with the majority of subjects being white males. When the system faces (pun intended) women with dark skin, the accuracy they promise plummets significantly.
With these challenges both in technology and policy, there are a number of events to help sort out the next steps in introducing facial recognition.
- Think Gov 2019 ( March 13-14, 2019; Washington, DC) - With a tagline of "Technology for a Smarter Government," this event brings together speakers from the public and private sectors who will share their perspective on everything from AI to blockchain, cloud to data, and security to systems.
- The AI Summit: Cybersecurity and National Defense (March 29, 2019; Washington, DC) - Organized by a group called Suits and Spooks, this event brings together intelligence and DoD officials with private sector technologists to discuss the latest in AI and Machine Learning. A key topic of this year's event is "How do you identify and eliminate gender bias in AI programming?"
- Connect:ID 2019 (April 29-May 1, 2019; Washington, DC) - Organized by the Science Media Partners and the International Biometrics + Identity Association (IBIA), this event is focused on identity technologies and the opportunities for their management in both the physical and digital worlds. Speakers include thought leaders and end users sharing cutting-edge revelations, future insights, and case histories.
- Deep Learning Summit Boston (May 23-24, 2019; Boston, MA) -- Discover advances in deep learning & smart artificial intelligence from the world's leading innovators. Industry experts & academics in speech & image recognition, neural networks & big data will share insights and experiences.
- Identity Week 2019 (June 11-13, 2019; London, UK) - This international event brings together 3,000+ attendees across three SDW 2019 delivers in-depth analysis of document design and fraud detection, intelligent border control techniques and more. Planet Biometrics 2019 explores the critical role biometrics can play in secure and seamless transactions and services for government and citizens. Digital:ID 2019 aims to advance innovation in all stages of the digital identity lifecycle and help to create a safer world through the effective application of digital identity technology.
Let us know if there are other events that are tackling the complexities of facial recognition.<|endoftext|>中公教育研究与辅导专家 贾巳波
俗话说：薄技在身，胜握千金。在事业单位考试中，写作越来越成为一种常规的考试题型，而公文作为规范化的写作
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the age of 25. One of them is a law student and another is studying to be an electrician. The others had to quit school for financial reasons. When we start making money, I am hoping to be able to pay them.
Leftovers of corn and beans, banana skins and sugar cane...
To make our charcoal, we gather organic waste, everything from leftovers of corn and beans to banana skins and sugar cane skins. Each week, we collect 300 to 400 kilos of waste in the streets, at markets and even at people’s homes.
The team from "Briquette du Kivu" picks up organic waste.
Then we dry it out on the street because, for the time being, we don’t have a dedicated space. If there is a lot of sun, everything dries out in about four days.
Once the organic waste is gathered, next it has to be dried in the sun.
Then, we put the organic waste in a carbonization furnace. I had to explain to local metalworkers how to make it because they had never heard of anything like that. It’s kind of like a barrel. We burn a fire for about 45 minutes and, by then, the organic waste has reduced to a black and sort of powdery substance.
Then, you have to mix it with water to make a kind of paste, which we put into a press that we bought from Kenya [Editor’s note: The press is the blue machine that you can see in the main photo]. That’s how we make the briquettes, which are compressed combustibles used for fuel.
Then we have to leave them to dry in the sun for about six days before they can be used.
Before they can be used, the briquettes have to dry out in the sun for several days.
"Our briquettes are cheaper than charcoal”
For the time being, we’ve produced about 3,500 briquettes from 700 kilograms of waste. We’ve given away 100 briquettes to 18 households in the neighbourhood. They all found that our briquettes worked well to cook food. So now other people are also interested in our project.
Ultimately, we’d like to sell the briquettes for 50 Congolese francs a piece [Editor’s note: equivalent to 0.03 euros]. You need around six briquettes to cook a meal, so that would cost 300 Congolese francs [or 0.16 euros]. That is a lot cheaper for families than charcoal. Another advantage is that our briquettes produce less smoke. This reduces the amount of carbon released when people cook, which is better for the environment and for respiratory health.
In the short term, we’d like to have a warehouse where we could stock and sell our briquettes. Moreover, I’d like to be able to pay my team. For the time being, that isn’t possible as we haven’t yet made any money.
For that, we really need to be able to use an electric carbonization furnace and press because it is very expensive to make them all by hand as we are doing now. And, in the long term, I would love for the entire neighbourhood to be using our briquettes instead of charcoal.
According to Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the DR Congo loses about 500,000 hectares of forest each year.
>> READ ON THE OBSERVERS: Cameroon students turn household waste into eco-friendly coal
If you want to help Murhula Zigabe to develop his project, reach out to him by email: [email protected]
Article written by Chloé Lauvergnier (@clauvergnier).<|endoftext|>土耳其十大热门男星 土耳其最具影响力的男演员
2018-05-14 16:58:59来源：盛兴彩票网作者：简想 阅读量：185
土耳其是一个美丽的国家，土耳其有着很多演员和模特都因在娱乐和时尚行业的贡献而闻名全球。男人们在这个行业里做得很好，也很成功，他们让土耳其以其娱乐性的电影而闻名，这些演员大部分都很英俊，无论他们的年龄如何，以下是2018年十大最热门的土耳其男演员。
10.Halit Ergenc
Halit Ergenc于1970年4月30日生在土耳其的伊斯坦布尔，他的父亲也是一名演员。他的演艺生涯始于多门剧场，他也出现在电视剧中，他出演了2014年的《Babam Ve Ogllum》电影。
9.默罕墨德甘舍
在演艺事业开始之前，他是一名酒吧招待，从高中毕业后，他开始追求自己的演艺事业。他是一个模特、制片人和演员，在1998年获得了安卡拉国际电影节的最佳男演员奖。
8.克瑞姆·柏辛
克瑞姆·柏辛于1987年6月4日出生在土耳其的伊斯坦布尔，他是一名卡车司机，后来他转型为演员，自2015年以来，他一直与女演员塞蕾娜·萨里卡娅保持着关系，但他一直没有结婚，并正愉快地追求自己的事业。
7.Yigit Ozsener
Yigit Ozsener是土耳其演员，1972年4月6日出生于伊兹密尔。他于1996年毕业于Yildiz大学，并获得了通信与电子工程学位，他的第一次全国演出是在Ozguur Cocuk为Turkcell拍摄的系列广告。
6.费喀莱特·哈坎
费喀莱特·哈坎出生于1934年，他是一位多产的演员，被土耳其政府授予名义上的国家艺术家的称号。在一生的事业生涯中，他获得了金橘奖最佳男演员奖，并获得过金橘奖最佳男配角奖。
5.恩格尔·阿尔坦·杜兹亚坦
恩格尔·阿尔坦·杜兹亚坦于1979年出生，他的第一次荧屏处女作是在电视剧《Ruhsar》中，之后在Kocum benim、Alacakaranlik和Yeditepe伊斯坦布尔演出，他于2014年与妻子结婚。
4.尼古拉斯·卡迪
尼古拉斯·卡迪是一位来自土耳其的伊拉克裔美国演员，于1952年出生于伊斯坦布尔。他的父亲尼扎尔·卡迪是50年代联合国驻联合国大使，尼古拉斯的母亲是一名女演员。
3.伊尔玛兹·艾多甘
伊尔玛兹·艾多甘于1967年11月4日出生在土耳其的哈卡里，他是一个电影制作人，一个库尔德血统的诗人和一个演员。他最著名的作品是在2001年上映的喜剧电影《大爆炸》，以及一部电视连续剧《Bir Demet Tiyatro》。
2.迈莱特·费拉特
迈莱特·费拉特于1981年1月10日出生于土耳其的安卡拉，他是一位演员和编剧，毕业于安卡拉大学，获得了表演学位，他曾在瑞典学习过电视和广播，他的职业生涯始于他写的两部电影。
1.Kivanc Tatlitug
Kivanc Tatlitug于1983年10月27日出生在土耳其的阿达纳，他是一个模特和演员，曾两次获得金蝶奖最佳男演员奖，并在2002年获得了世界最佳模特奖和土耳其最佳模特奖。
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طبیعت ، این چهره را به شما بخشیده است ، اما شناساندن و معرفی آن با شماست.
شمار بیشتری از مردم در جهان دارای تلفن همراه هستند تا توالت. (+)
بهترین گوشی عرضهشده در سال 2016 از دید شما کدام یک از موارد زیر است؟<|endoftext|>درخواست جبران خسارت باید حاوی موارد زیر باشد:
الف - نام، نام خانوادگی، نام پدر، سن، شغل، میزان تحصیلات، وضعیت تاهل، تابعیت، مذهب، شماره شناسنامه، شماره ملی، تلفن همراه، پست الکترونیکی، کد پستی و نشانی دقیق متقاضی
ب - شعبه بازداشتکننده و شعبه صادرکننده قرار منع تعقیب یا رای برائت قطعی.
پ - مدت بازداشت، میزان و نوع خسارات وارده.
تبصره - تصویر مصدق قرار منع تعقیب یا رای برائت باید به ضمیمه اوراق مزبور ارسال گردد. همچنین، چنانچه متقاضی مدارکی داشته باشد میتواند به ضمیمه ارسال نماید.
درخواست جبران خسارت باید حاوی موارد زیر باشد:
درخواست اعتراض به آرای کمیسیون استانی باید حاوی موارد زیر باشد:
الف - در مورد شخص بازداشت شده، مشخصات معترض به شرح مقرر در بند الف ماده ۸ آییننامه و در مورد صندوق مشخصات صندوق.
ب - شماره و تاریخ دادنامه معترضعنه و تصویر مصدق آن.
پ - جهات اعتراض و دلایل.
تبصره - معترض میتواند دلایل و مدارک خود را ضمیمه درخواست نماید.
درخواست جبران خسارت و اعتراض به رای صادره از کمیسیون استانی از طریق سامانه خدمات الکترونیک قضایی به دفتر کمیسیون ذیربط ارسال میگردد. چنانچه به هر دلیل امکان ارسال آن به نحو الکترونیکی ممکن نباشد، به طریق مقتضی دیگر ارسال میگردد. در این صورت، دفتر کمیسیون مربوط مکلف است درخواستهای رسیده را ثبت کند و رسیدی با قید تاریخ، روز، ماه و سال به متقاضی تحویل دهد.
تبصره ۱- درخواست باید دارای امضا یا معادل معتبر آن در سامانه الکترونیکی باشد.
تبصره ۲- وصول الکترونیکی درخواست جبران خسارت و اعتراض به سامانه خدمات الکترونیک قضایی، تاریخ اقامه دعوی محسوب و مراتب از طریق پیامک به اطلاع متقاضی میرسد که به منزله رسید است. مدیر دفتر پس از تکمیل پرونده باید آن را فوراً در اختیار کمیسیون مربوط قرار دهد.
مهلت اعتراض به رای کمیسیون استانی از جانب شخص بازداشت شده یا صندوق ظرف ۲۰ روز از تاریخ ابلاغ رای کمیسیون مذکور است.
کمیسیون ذیربط به نوبت به پروندههای مطروحه رسیدگی نموده و در صورت نیاز دستور تعیین وقت و دعوت از متقاضی و نماینده صندوق را صادر میکند. عدم حضور آنان مانع از رسیدگی و اتخاذ تصمیم نمیباشد.
در صورت عدم رعایت شرایط مقرر در مواد ۸ و ۱۰ آییننامه، حسب مورد مدیر دفتر کمیسیون استانی یا ملی ظرف دو روز نقایص را به متقاضی اطلاع میدهد و از تاریخ ابلاغ به مدت ده روز به او مهلت میدهد تا نقایص را رفع نماید. چنانچه در مهلت مقرر اقدام به رفع نقص ننماید، مراتب توسط مدیر دفتر به رئیس کمیسیون مربوط جهت اتخاذ تصمیم منعکس میگردد.
ابلاغ تصمیمات و آرای کمیسیون استانی و کمیسیون ملی و سایر اوراق مربوط مطابق آییننامه نحوه استفاده از سامانههای رایانهای یا مخابراتی انجام میگیرد.
موارد رد اعضاء کمیسیون استانی و کمیسیون ملی، همان است که در قانون آیین دادرسی دادگاههای عمومی و انقلاب در امور مدنی آمده است.
جلسات کمیسیون استانی و کمیسیون ملی با حضور اکثریت اعضاء تشکیل میشود و صدور رای با نظر اکثریت اعضا صورت میگیرد. نظر اقلیت باید به طور مستدل در صورتمجلس درج گردد.
تبصره - چنانچه به هر علت از جمله رد اعضاء کمیسیون، جلسه از اکثریت بیفتد، عضو علیالبدل جهت تکمیل اعضای کمیسیون، جانشین عضو اصلی خواهد بود.
رای صادره در چهار نسخه تنظیم میگردد. دفتر ضمن ثبت آن در سامانه رایانهای که توسط مرکز آمار و فناوری اطلاعات قوه قضاییه ایجاد میگردد، نسخهای از رای را در پرونده ذیربط کمیسیون مربوط بایگانی میکند و نسخهای از آن را به متقاضی و صندوق و نسخه دیگر برای ضبط در پرونده اصلی ارسال میکند.
رفع هر گونه ابهام و اجمال از رای با کمیسیون
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war: they hanged the shield and helmet in thee; they set forth thy comeliness.
Daniel 8:20 - The ram which thou sawest having [two] horns [are] the kings of Media and Persia.
Ezekiel 38:5 - Persia, Ethiopia, and Libya with them; all of them with shield and helmet:
Ezra 1:1 - Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, that the word of the LORD by the mouth of Jeremiah might be fulfilled, the LORD stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, that he made a proclamation throughout all his kingdom, and [put it] also in writing, saying,
2 Chronicles 36:22 - Now in the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, that the word of the LORD [spoken] by the mouth of Jeremiah might be accomplished, the LORD stirred up the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia, that he made a proclamation throughout all his kingdom, and [put it] also in writing, saying,
Ezra 4:5 - And hired counsellors against them, to frustrate their purpose, all the days of Cyrus king of Persia, even until the reign of Darius king of Persia.
Daniel 10:13 - But the prince of the kingdom of Persia withstood me one and twenty days: but, lo, Michael, one of the chief princes, came to help me; and I remained there with the kings of Persia.
Ancient Persia in the Bible
Persia in Easton's Bible Dictionary an ancient empire, extending from the Indus to Thrace, and from the Caspian Sea to the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf. The Persians were originally a Medic tribe which settled in Persia, on the eastern side of the Persian Gulf. They were Aryans, their language belonging to the eastern division of the Indo-European group. One of their chiefs, Teispes, conquered Elam in the time of the decay of the Assyrian Empire, and established himself in the district of Anzan. His descendants branched off into two lines, one line ruling in Anzan, while the other remained in Persia. Cyrus II., king of Anzan, finally united the divided power, conquered Media, Lydia, and Babylonia, and carried his arms into the far East. His son, Cambyses, added Egypt to the empire, which, however, fell to pieces after his death. It was reconquered and thoroughly organized by Darius, the son of Hystaspes, whose dominions extended from India to the Danube.
Persia in Fausset's Bible Dictionary Ezekiel 27:10; Ezekiel 38:5. "Persia proper" was originally a small territory (Herodot. 9:22). On the N. and N.E. lay Media, on the S. the Persian gulf, Elam on the W., on the E. Carmania. Now Furs, Farsistan. Rugged, with pleasant valleys and plains in the mid region and mountains in the N. The S. toward the sea is a hot sandy plain, in places covered with salt. Persepolis (in the beautiful valley of the Bendamir), under Darius Hystaspes, took the place of Pasargadae the ancient capital; of its palace "Chehl Minar," "forty columns," still exist. Alexander in a drunken fit, to please a courtesan, burned the palace. Pasargadae, 40 miles to the N., was noted for Cyrus' tomb (Arrian) with the inscription, "I am Cyrus the Achaemenian." (See CYRUS.) The Persians came originally from the E., from the vicinity of the Sutlej (before the first contact of the Assyrians with Aryan tribes E. of Mount Zagros, 880 B.C.), down the Oxus, then S. of the Caspian Sea to India. There were ten castes or tribes: three noble, three agricultural, four nomadic; of the last were the "Dehavites" or Dali (Ezra 4:9). The Pasargadae were the noble tribes, in which the chief house was that of the Achaemenidae. Darius on the rock of Behistun inscribed: "from antiquity our race have been kings. There are eight of our race who have been kings before me, I am the ninth." frontELAM on its relation to Persia.) The Persian empire stretched at one time from India to Egypt and Thrace, including all western Asia between the Black Sea, the Caucasus, the Caspian, the Jaxartes upon the N., the Arabian desert, Persian gulf, and Indian ocean on the S. Darius in the inscription on his tomb at Nakhsh- irustam enumerates thirty countries besides Persia subject to him, Media, Susiana, Parthia, Aria, Bactria, Sogdiana, Chorasmia, Zarangia, Arachosia, Sattagydia, Gaudaria, India, Scythia, Babylonia, Assyria, Arabia, Egypt, Armenia, Cappadocia, Saparda, Ionia, the Aegean isles, the country of the Scodrae (European), Ionia, the Tacabri, Budians, Cushites, Mardians, and Colchians. The organization of the Persian kingdom and court as they appear in Ezra, Nehemiah, and Esther, accords with independent secular historians. The king, a despot, had a council, "seven princes of Persia and Media which see his face and sit the first in the kingdom" (Esther 1:14; Ezra 7:14). So Herodotus (iii. 70-79) and Behistun inscription mention seven chiefs who organized the revolt against Smerdis (the Behistun rock W. of Media has one inscription in three languages, Persian, Babylonian, and Stythic, read by Grotefend). "The law of the Persians and Medes which alters not" (Esther 1:19) also controlled him in some measure. In Scripture we read of 127 provinces (Esther 1:1) with satraps (Esther 3:12; Esther 8:9; Xerxes in boasting enlarged the list; 60 are the nations in his armament according to Herodotus) maintained from the palace (Ezra 4:14), having charge of the revenue, paid partly in money...
Persia in Hitchcock's Bible Names that cuts or divides; a nail; a gryphon; a horseman
Persia in Naves Topical Bible An empire which extended from India to Ethiopia, comprising one-hundred and twenty-seven provinces Es 1:1; Da 6:1 -Government of, restricted by constitutional limitations Es 8:8; Da 6:8-12 -Municipal governments in, provided with dual governors Ne 3:9,12,16-18 -The princes were advisors in matters of administration Da 6:1-7 -Status of women in; queen sat on the throne with the king Ne 2:6 -Vashti was divorced for refusing to appear before the king's courtiers Es 1:10-22; 2:4 -Israel captive in 2Ch 36:20 -Captivity foretold Ho 13:16 -Men of, in the Tyrian army Eze 27:10 -Rulers of Ahasuerus Es 1:3 -Darius Da 5:31; 6; 9:1 -Artaxerxes I Ezr 4:7-24 -Artaxerxes II Ezr 7; Ne 2; 5:14 -Cyrus 2Ch 36:22,23; Ezr 1; 3:7; 4:3; 5:13,14,17; 6:3; Isa 41:2,3; 44:28; 45:1-4,13; 46:11; 48:14,15 -Princes of Es 1:14 -System of justice Ezr 7:25 -Prophecies concerning Isa 13:17; 21:1-10; Jer 49:34-39; 51:11-64; Eze 32:24,25; 38:5; Da 2:31-45; 5:28; 7; 8; 11:1-4
Persia in Smiths Bible Dictionary (pure, splended), Per'sians. Persia proper was a tract of no very large dimensions on the Persian Gulf, which is still known as Fars or Farsistan, a corruption of the ancient appellation. This tract was bounded on the west by Susiana or Elam, on the north by Media on the south by the Persian Gulf and on the east by Carmania. But the name is more commonly applied, both in Scripture and by profane authors to the entire tract which came by degrees to be included within the limits of the Persian empire. This empire extended at one time from India on the east to Egypt and Thrace on the west, and included. besides portions of Europe and Africa, the whole of western Asia between the Black Sea, the Caucasus, the Caspian and the Jaxartes on the north, the Arabian desert the Persian Gulf and the Indian Ocean on the south. The only passage in Scripture where Persia designates the tract which has been called above "Persia proper" is Eze 38:5 Elsewhere the empire is intended. The Persians were of the same race as the Medes, both being branches of the great Aryan stock. 1. Character of the nation. --The Persians were a people of lively and impressible minds, brave and impetuous in war, witty, passionate, for Orientals truthful, not without some spirit of generosity: and of more intellectual capacity than the generality of Asiatics. In the times anterior to Cyrus they were noted for the simplicity of their habits, which offered a strong contrast to the luxuriousness of the Medes; but from the late of the Median overthrow this simplicity began to decline. Polygamy was commonly practiced among them. They were fond of the pleasures of the table. In war they fought bravely, but without discipline. 2. Religion. --The religion which the Persians brought with there into Persia proper seems to have been of a very simple character, differing from natural religion in little except that it was deeply tainted with Dualism. Like the other Aryans, the Persians worshipped one supreme God. They had few temples, and no altars or images. 3. Language. --The Persian language was closely akin to the Sanskrit, or ancient language of India. Modern Persian is its degenerate representative, being largely impregnated with Arabic. 4. History. --The history of Persia begins with the revolt from the Medes and the accession of Cyrus the Great, B.C. 558. Cyrus defeated Croesus, and added the Lydian empire to his dominions. This conquest was followed closely by the submission of the Greek settlements on the Asiatic coast, and by the reduction of Caria and Lycia The empire was soon afterward extended greatly toward the northeast and east. In B.C. 539 or 538, Babylon was attacked, and after a stout defence fell into the hands of Cyrus. This victory first brought the Persians into co...
Persia in the Bible Encyclopedia - ISBE pur'-sha, (parats; Persia; in Assyrian Parsu, Parsua; in Achemenian Persian Parsa, modern Fars): In the Bible (2 Ch 36:20,22,23; Ezr 1:1,8; Est 1:3,14,18; 10:2; Ezek 27:10; 38:5; Dan 8:20; 10:1; 11:2) this name denotes properly the modern province of Fars, not the whole Persian empire. The latter was by its people called Airyaria, the present Iran (from the Sanskrit word arya, "noble"); and even now the Persians never call their country anything but Iran, never "Persia." The province of Persis lay to the East of Elam (Susiana), and stretched from the Persian Gulf to the Great Salt Desert, having Carmania on the Southeast. Its chief cities were Persepolis and Pasargadae. Along the Persian Gulf the land is low, hot and unhealthy, but it soon begins to rise as one travels inland. Most of the province consists of high and steep mountains and plateaus, with fertile valleys. The table-lands in which lie the modern city of Shiraz and the ruins of Persepolis and Pasargadae are well watered and productive. Nearer the desert, however, cultivation grows scanty for want of water. Persia was doubtless in early times included in Elam, and its population was then either Semitic or allied to the Accadians, who founded more than one state in the Babylonian plain. The Aryan Persians seem to have occupied the country in the 8th or 9th century BC.
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© Bible History Online (http://www.bible-history.com)<|endoftext|>Gueorgui Pinkhassov，法國攝影師．1952年—
Gueorgui Pinkhassov，1952年出生于莫斯科，十幾歲時就開始對攝影產生興趣，于1969年進入莫斯科電影攝影學院（VGIK）。大學畢業兩年后，他加入了Mosfilm的攝制組，成為一名職業攝影師，之后不久，他的作品被俄羅斯電影導演安德烈·塔可夫斯基（Andrei Tarkovsky）所賞識，并受邀參與電影《Stalker》的記錄拍攝工作。1979年，在巴黎舉行的蘇聯攝影師群展中，他的作品首次在俄羅斯之外的地方被人們注意。
Pinkhassov1985年搬到巴黎，并在1988年加入瑪格南圖片社，他的作品經常為國際媒體所使用，尤其是Geo、Actuel、紐約時代雜志等。Pinkhassov現在是法國公民，住在巴黎。<|endoftext|>آن طور که به گوش می رسد، به زودی قرارداد بازیکنان کلیدی چون گنابری و نویر با بایرن مونیخ تمدید می شود، ولی از سوی دیگر، جمال موسیالا از زمان اندکی که در بازی ها به او داده می شود، راضی نیست.
بایرلورکوزن و بایرن مونیخ در چارچوب هفته هشتم فصل 22-2021 بوندسلیگا به مصاف هم رفتند که بایرن مونیخ در همان نیمه نخست با پنج گل خیال خود را راحت کرد و سه امتیاز این بازی را به راحتی کسب کرد. روبرت لواندوفسکی و سرژ گنابری در این دیدار درخشیدند و هر دو موفق به بریس شدند.<|endoftext|>Comunque, se togliendo il coperchio del case, il rumore diminuisce è probabile che o il case faccia da cassa armonica oppure che il case entri in vibrazione perché non ben fissato. Quindi direi che, oltre a serrare bene tutte le viti/bulloni che vedi, dovresti trovare il modo di inserire qualche pezzo di gomma/neoprene in modo che il coperchio del case, quando fissato, resti un po' in tensione. Ad esempio, in un alimentatore che aveva tale difetto, ho risolto con qualche strato di gomma tra sommità del trasformatore e coperchio del case, in modo che la gomma, a coperchio chiuso, forzasse un po' sul coperchio stesso. Attenzione però che il trasformatore o altre parti che vanno in contatto con la gomma non raggiungano temperature tali da rappresentare un rischio.<|endoftext|>Il Piave mormorava, calmo e placido al passaggio dei primi fanti il 24 maggio.
In questa data l’Italia, dopo essere stata due anni a guardare, entrò in guerra contro i suoi alleati della “Triplice Alleanza”, cioè Austria e Germania, schierandosi con la Francia e L’Inghilterra. A Salandra, che aveva avviato le trattative, con il Patto di Londra promisero mari e monti. Scavalcando il parere del parlamento, dove la maggioranza giolittiana era contraria e lasciandosi convincere dalle sirene interventiste, l’Italia si buttò nell’impresa. affidando il comando al generale Luigi Cadorna, uno che considerava i soldati come pezzi di legno da muovere sulla scacchiera, ma che non sapeva giocare a scacchi, se per gioco si intende strategia. Migliaia di giovani persero la vita sulle pietraie del Carso, falcidiati dalle mitragliatrici austriache, ma l’ordine era quello di conquistare quegli aridi posti, non importa quanto dispendio di vite umane ci fosse. E poiché tra i soldati italiani circolavano idee socialiste e pacifiste, con qualche diserzione di gente che non ne poteva più della brutale disciplina, il grande Cadorna aveva la bella abitudine di ricorrere al metodo romano della “decimazione”, per dare l’esempio: faceva mettere in fila i suoi soldati, e ogni dieci ne faceva fucilare uno. La sconfitta di Caporetto e il dilagare delle truppe austriache, che in un solo colpo si ripresero quanto avevano perso in due anni di guerra. La rotta segnò il punto più basso dell’impreparazione militare dell’esercito italiano: Cadorna, che attribuiva tutto alla viltà dei soldati, venne rimosso e sostituito con Diaz, anche Boselli venne sostituito con V. Emanuele Orlando e, con uno scatto straordinario di reazione, furono chiamati a combattere i “ragazzi del 99”, cioè i diciottenni, sino ad arrivare allo scontro decisivo di Vittorio Veneto, che fortunatamente andò bene per gli italiani. I 650 mila morti e i due milioni tra feriti e mutilati, in gran parte meridionali, erano poca cosa rispetto ai 10 milioni di morti degli altri stati. All’Italia venne dato il ruolo di potenza secondaria e tutto venne spartito tra le grandi potenze dell’Intesa. Molto di quanto era stato promesso venne negato: L’Italia avrebbe dovuto avere il Trentino, Trieste, l’intera Dalmazia, l’Albania, le Isole del Dodecaneso, il bacino minerario turco dell’Adalia e partecipare alla spartizione delle colonie
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vardır. Bu cihazlar asla insanları veya hayvanları yıkamak için kullanılmamalıdır – suyun basınçlı yıkama makinesi tavsiye çıktığı yüksek basınç kumaşlara zarar verebilir ve yaralanmalara neden olabilir. Belirli bir basınçlı yıkama makinesi tavsiye nun çalıştığı basınç, talimatlarda bulunabilir. Ölçümü için “bar” birimi kullanılır.
Ev tipi yüksek basınçlı yıkayıcılar genellikle suyu ısıtma işlevine sahip değildir ve profesyonel modellerde genellikle bulunur. Su sıcaklığının 60 ° C’den yüksek olmaması gerektiği unutulmamalıdır.
Büyük mağazaların ürün yelpazesinde, çok benzer özelliklere sahipken, fiyat açısından büyük farklılıklar gösteren modeller bulabilirsiniz. Bir karar vermeden önce her cihazın parametrelerini dikkatlice incelemek daha iyidir. İyi bir basınçlı yıkama makinesi tavsiyeseti gerekli bileşenleri içermelidir: farklı ataşmanlara sahip kulplar, deterjanlar için bir kap, vb.
Cihazın fiyatı büyük ölçüde pompanın tipine ve kullanım ömrüne göre şekilleniyor. En uygun fiyatlı modeller, 60 saatten fazla olmayan bir kaynağa sahiptir – seçim yaparken bunu unutmayın. Bu arada, 60 saat çok az değil. Arabayı yıkamanın yaklaşık 15 dakika sürdüğünü, haftada yaklaşık 3 kez arabayı yıkamanız gerekeceğini ve kışın araba yıkama kullanılmayacağını ve 4 yıllık bir yıkama ömrü elde ettiğimizi hatırlamakta fayda var. 3 yıl garanti ile ev kullanımı için çok iyi bir seçimdir.
Bazı modellerin daha yüksek maliyeti, pirinç veya alüminyum pompa ve sinterlenmiş pistonlardan kaynaklanmaktadır. Bu, cihazın aşınma direncini ve hizmet ömrünü önemli ölçüde artırır.
Yıkama seçenekleri kullanılan ataşmanlara bağlıdır. İtici nozulların, açılı nozulların ve çeşitli fırçaların mevcudiyetine dikkat edin. Yıkayıcınızın daha uzun süre çalışmasını sağlamak için, onunla ilgilenmeniz ve bir su filtresi kullanmanız gerekir. İşin bitiminden sonra kalan su basınçlı yıkama makinesi tavsiye boşaltılır ve sistemdeki basınç boşaltılır.
Küçültücü seçmek için ipuçları. Özellikler ve yetenekler
- Verim. Bu parametre suyun ne kadar sert sağlanacağını etkiler. Ev basınçlı yıkama makinesi tavsiye su tüketimi 12 l/dk’ya kadardır.
- Maksimum basınç. Barlarda ölçülür. Yüksek kaliteli bir basınçlı yıkama makinesi tavsiye 70 ila 150 bar arasında bir basınç oluşturmalıdır. Bu su basıncı, herhangi bir ev işini çözmek veya bir arabayı temizlemek için yeterlidir.
- Pompa (pompa) malzemesi. Plastik bir pompa çok uzun sürmez. Bir silümin, alüminyum veya pirinç pompa seçmek daha iyidir. Ek olarak, plastik pompalar ayrılamaz – arıza durumunda tüm ünitenin değiştirilmesi gerekecektir. Ayrıca sıcak su ile baş edemezler.
- Filtre.basınçlı yıkama makinesi tavsiye suyla birlikte enkazdan korur. Tek kullanımlık ve tekrar kullanılabilir yıkanabilir su filtreleri vardır. İkincisini kullanmak daha karlı – böyle bir filtre uzun süre kullanılabilir.
- Su ısıtma sistemi. Suyu kendiniz ısıtma veya sıcak su kaynağı kullanma ihtiyacını ortadan kaldırır. Böyle bir basınçlı yıkama makinesi tavsiyekullanmak daha uygun olacaktır. Ayrıca soğuk suyla yıkamak daha az etkilidir.
- Otomatik iş durdurma (otomatik durdurma sistemi). Bu işlev, cihazı çok uzun süre sürekli kullanımdan korur, motoru hasardan korur. basınçlı yıkama makinesi tavsiye, sistemdeki basınç istenilen sınırlara ulaşana kadar su çeker. Bundan sonra su almayı bırakır. Basınç düştüğünde, pompa tekrar çalışmaya başlar.
- Teçhizat. basınçlı yıkama makinesi tavsiye iyi bir katkı, geniş bir nozul seti olacaktır: köpük püskürtücüler, tabancalar, borular vb.
- Yüksek basınç hortumu uzunluğu. 5-7 metre uzunluğunda bir hortum ile çalışmanız sizin için uygun olacaktır. Bu,basınçlı yıkama makinesi tavsiye arkanızda taşımak zorunda kalmadan çalışmak için yeterli olacak en uygun uzunluk olarak kabul edilir.
Basınçlı yıkayıcılar hakkında sık sorulan sorular
Mini oto yıkama nedir?
Bu, araba yıkama, dış temizlik için kullanılan bir cihazdır. İnatçı kirler bile minimum çalışma süresinde yüksek basınçlı yıkayıcı ile etkili bir şekilde yıkanabilir. Aracı kişisel arabaları, bisikletleri, motosikletleri, camları, pencereleri, çitleri, yerel alanı, basamakları, fayansları vb. temizlemek için kullanabilirsiniz. Uygun bakım ve ara sıra kullanımla, ucuz bir ev lavabosu bile birkaç yıl sürebilir.
Basınçlı yıkayıcılar nasıl çalışır?
Çalışma prensibi ve yıkama cihazı çok basittir – ekipman, şaftı pompa pistonlarına bağlı olan bir elektrik motoruna sahiptir. Lavabo bağlandığında açılır, dönüşü pompa pistonlarına aktarır, onları hareket etmeye ve basınç oluşturmaya zorlar. Lavabo, yıkama işlemi sırasında suyun sıcaklığını yükselten bir ısıtma işlevine de sahip olabilir.
Basınçlı yıkama makineniz için hangi hortumu seçmelisiniz?
En az 5 metre uzunluğunda esnek bir lastik hortum almak en iyisidir – çok çeşitli dış sıcaklıklarda çalışırken uygun olacaktır ve uzunluk, lavaboyu hareket ettirmeden çalışmak için yeterli olacaktır.
Basınçlı yıkayıcım için hangi kimyasalları kullanmalıyım?
Basınçlı yıkayıcılarda kullanılabilecek iki ana kimyasal kategorisi vardır: şampuan ve aktif köpük. Şampuan kiri yumuşatmak için kullanılır ve köpük, arabanın yüzeyi ile plaka arasındaki yapışmayı azaltır. Gerekli miktarda köpüğü elde etmek için özel bir memeye ihtiyacınız vardır – bir köpürme maddesi. Dahil bir lavabo ile gelebilir.
Mini basınçlı yıkama makinesi neden kapanıyor?
Yıkayıcı motoru uzun süre kesintisiz çalışamaz. Koruyucu kapatma sistemi, motorun soğuması için gereken süre boyunca lavaboyu kapatacaktır.<|endoftext|>10月4日，据《法广》报道， 中国通过在台湾海峡地区部署其创纪录数量的军用飞机，正在继续其对这个过去被称为“福尔摩沙岛”的台湾施展恐吓战略，北京想把台湾重新收回，完成统一计划。这是4日法国快讯周刊（L’EXPRESS）对中台军事紧张评论所指出的。
在这种紧张局势升级的背景下，外交界人士特别关注该地区。 在中国军机最大规模侵入台湾防空识别区后，台湾周六（2日）指责北京，增加紧张压力并蓄意破坏该地区的和平。
北京的武力展示从周五开始，也就是共产主义的中国的周年庆纪念日，中国军机入侵总数达到创纪录的 38 架。 据台湾国防部称，这个周六，记录了中国军机 39 次入侵台湾领空，创下新纪录。
几天前，北京刚指责英国以“心怀鬼胎的”派遣1军舰进入台湾海峡。 几年来，习近平的中国与反对这个亚洲巨人倾向的蔡英文领导的台湾岛之间的互呛语气提高了一个档次的声调。
事情的经过：中国的 22架战斗机、2架轰炸机和1架反潜战机出现在台湾防空识别区（也就是英文缩写称的“Adiz”）的中国人，导致台湾空军的飞机升空，以驱离中国的军机，这是台湾国防部指出的。
根据台湾国防部指出，在周五至周六晚上，第二批 13 架飞机进入台湾防空识别区，使飞机总数达到 38 架，其中包括一架具有核能力的 H-6 轰炸机，接着，周六再度有 20 架中国军机侵入防空识别区。
需要提醒大家的：防空识别区是一个国家出于国家安全原因希望识别和定位飞机的空域。 在这两种情况下，台湾国防部都表示，它卡住干扰了战斗巡逻机，并发出无线电警告要求中国军机掉头离开。
它有何重要性：共产主义中国将今天由民主政权统治的台湾视为其梦想中缺少的一块拼图。 但许多台湾人不再希望重新依附于他们的这位中国大哥，并认为他们已经创建了一个独立的国家——无论是否正式宣布独立。 请注意，台湾有自己的宪法、民主选举出来的领导人和武装部队中大约 300,000 名现役士兵。 多年来，北京一直号召这个叛乱的省份加入其阵营，并不再犹豫传递以武力统一的信息。
中国自2016年台湾总统选出蔡英文以来，就不断加大对台湾的施压；台湾拒绝北京认为台湾是一个中国”的一部分的观点。 从2020年蔡英文连任当选总统可以证明她的讲话是受到一部分台湾人民的支持，
在整个2018年，北京对国际企业的压力施加了压力，强迫他们在他们企业网站上，把台湾标示为中国的一部分，并威胁这些企业，如果他们不遵守照办，就阻止他们在中国做生意。 中国主席习近平在封锁香港之后，承诺要“统一”台湾。
周五（10月1日）的中国军机大规模入侵台湾领空引发了台北特别激烈的抗议。 台湾行政院长苏贞昌在周六上午的新闻发布会上说：“中国一直好战并破坏地区和平，同时进行了许多恐吓行为。” ，他还说：“很明显地，世界和国际社会越来越排斥中国的这些行为。”
目前情况是：今年已经在台湾的防空识别区发现了 500 多起中国军机侵入领空的事件，而去年为 380 起，所以这已是创纪录了。 在乔·拜登 （Joe Biden）当选美国总统的初期，台湾曾报道过中国战机“大举入侵”。 此时也是入住白宫的拜登重申他对台湾“坚如磐石”承诺的机会。 事实上，如果中国对台湾发动袭击，美国将被认为更有可能保卫这个比阿富汗更具战略利益的福尔摩沙台湾。
今年三月，五角大楼印太司令部司令、美国海军上将约翰·阿奎利诺曾警告说，中国入侵台湾“比我们想象的更接近我们”。 去年 9 月，在接受《快讯周刊》采访时，也是军事学者专家的法国国家科学研究中心（CNRS） 研究主任让-皮埃尔·卡贝斯坦 （Jean-Pierre Cabestan） 的看法则比较让大家放心，他说：“然而，中国寻求发动战争的可能性不大，因为随着日本在该区域与日俱增的承诺部署，一种军事力量的平衡正在建立中。而且还要顾及到所有中美武装对抗冲突可能带来核武化的危险。”<|endoftext|>Ciao a tutti,
qualcuno ha qualche rimedio da consigliarmi contro il dolore muscolare da acido lattico? Non sono un grande sportivo, per cui tutte le volte che mi muovo un pò di più, finisce che sto per 3 giorni senza camminare con dolori lancinanti a tutti i muscoli delle gambe.
Grazie, Fabio
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Argomenti più trattati<|endoftext|>If you or someone near to you has experienced a cancers diagnosis, you’re already familiar with the term oncology. If not, here’s a brief overview of what oncology means, and how it’s practiced.
Oncology is the study of cancer, and anyone who practices this specific field of medicine is an oncologist. An oncologist works with a patient through all the steps of cancer: diagnosis, therapy, follow-up, and if needed, palliative or hospice care. If your regular physician suspects you might have cancer, they will refer you to an oncologist.
There are specific subsets of oncology, such as surgical oncology, which deals with tumor removal, as well as pediatric, radiation, and gynecologic, to name a few. There are also oncologists who only deal with specific diseases, such as pancreatic or breast cancer. In the field of veterinary medicine there is also a specific branch of oncology, for treating animals with cancer.
In addition to traditional methods of oncology, there is also the growing field of integrative oncology, which complements western medicine with alternative therapies, such as botanical herbs, acupuncture, or dietary changes.
To become an oncologist, a person must become a Doctor of Medicine or Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine, specializing in oncology. Oncologists are among the best compensated of all medical specialists, earning an average of $215,000 a year in salary.<|endoftext|>Peperoni ripieni con patate al profumo di limone. Una ricetta vegana preparata con ingredienti semplicissimi che tutti abbiamo in casa. Il ripieno a base di patate e peperoni in agrodolce è arricchito dal profumo della scorza di limone e dalla croccantezza dei pinoli. Ecco la ricetta.
Ingredienti per i peperoni ripieni con patate.
Dosi per 4 persone:
- 5 peperoni rossi e/o gialli;
- 800 grammi circa di patate;
- 2 bicchieri di brodo vegetale;
- 2 cucchiai d’olio;
- 4 cucchiai di aceto di mele;
- mezzo bicchiere di vino bianco;
- 2 cucchiai di zucchero (o di canna);
- una foglia di alloro;
- un ciuffo di prezzemolo;
- noce moscata;
- la scorza grattugiata di mezzo limone;
- un manciata di pinoli;
- sale, pepe.
Preparazione.
Lavate e pelate le patate. Tagliatele a cubetti regolari di circa 1 cm di lato.
Mettete un cucchiaio d’olio in un tegame, aggiungete i cubetti di patate e fate insaporire per alcuni minuti, bagnate con il brodo. Fate cuocere a fuoco lento fino a quando le patate saranno ben morbide. Aggiungete un pizzico di sale e trasferite in una terrina.
Prendete un peperone, dividetelo a metà, eliminate i semi e i filamenti interni, lavatelo e riducetelo a piccoli cubetti.
Nello stesso tegame in cui avete cotto le patate, aggiungete l’olio, lo zucchero, l’aceto, il vino, e, dopo aver fatto scaldare per qualche minuto, aggiungete il peperone tagliato a dadini. Lasciate cuocere con coperchio per circa 15 minuti fino a quando il fondo di cottura sarà diventato una salsina densa. Circa 5 minuti prima di spegnere, aggiungete un pizzico di sale e una foglia di alloro spezzata in due. Fate insaporire, quindi versate i peperoni nella terrina insieme alle patate. Insaporite il ripieno con una spolverata di noce moscata, il prezzemolo tritato finemente e la buccia del limone grattugiata (sulla quantità della scorza del limone regolatevi secondo il vostro gusto personale. Con mezzo limone il gusto sul ripieno sarà appena percettibile)
Preparazione dei peperoni ripieni.
Tagliate a metà i restanti peperoni. Eliminate il picciolo, i semi e i filamenti interni. Sciacquateli in abbondante acqua e asciugateli con della carta per togliere eventuali accumuli di acqua.
Riempite ciascuna falda di peperone con il ripieno di patate e guarnite con i pinoli.
Ungete il fondo di una teglia e disponete i peperoni al suo interno. Fate cuocere in forno già caldo per almeno 40 minuti fino a quando i peperoni inizieranno a raggrinzire e la superficie del ripieno avrà assunto una leggera doratura.<|endoftext|>Pinzette di precisione RevitaLash Cosmetics
Garanzia limitata di due anni
Cosa copre questa garanzia?
Questa garanzia copre qualsiasi difetto nei materiali o difetti di fabbricazione delle pinzette di precisione RevitaLash Cosmetics.
Per quanto tempo?
La garanzia ha una durata di due anni dall'acquisto delle pinzette di precisione.
Cosa farà RevitaLash Cosmetics?
Ti fornirà un altro paio di pinzette di precisione al 50% di sconto sul prezzo pagato inizialmente, e si prenderà carico delle spese di spedizione e di gestione.
Come ottenere assistenza?
Contatta l'assistenza clienti all'indirizzo email [email protected] o chiama lo 051.261627. Dovrai fornire una prova valida di acquisto.<|endoftext|>The Department of Labor has created a Workplace Safety and Health Challenge, a competition to develop tools that can help workers recognize and prevent workplace safety and health hazards. Everyone with some technology interest, including students, is encouraged to participate.
The deadline for submissions is November 30.
Successful entries could take many different forms:
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illegally introduced into the lake,” Ben Swigle, a fish biologist at the Colorado Parks and Wildlife (CPW), told Live Science.
It should already be well known that dumping fish or any foreign species into a natural environment is forbidden – the consequences can be disastrous. A local ranger estimates that there are now 3-4,000 alien koi fish swimming in Colorado Lake at the moment. As their numbers grow more and more, they will out-compete the local species and potentially drive them out, altering the entire ecosystem.
But even as the fish are successful in taking over the lake, their fate seems to be grim as well. Most of them will likely end up as food at a raptor rehabilitation program. Some residents have contacted park officials, asking to adopt some of the fish, but their requests have been denied so far. It’s not clear exactly what will be done with all these fish.
This isn’t the first time such fish have turned up in high numbers in the area. According to LiveScience, in 2012, some 2,275 koi goldfish had to be removed from Thunderbird Lake in Boulder, after a few were likely dumped there as “unwanted pets” two to three years earlier.<|endoftext|>2015年上映，目前总点击 1次的《希德尼娅的骑士第二季》是由导演濑下宽之执导，逢坂良太,洲崎绫,丰崎爱生,金元寿子,樱井孝宏,佐仓绫音,喜多村英梨,大原沙耶香,坪井智浩,子安武人,新井里美,田中敦子,本田贵子,鸟海浩辅,阪脩等主演的动漫。
动漫《希德尼娅的骑士第二季》在日本发行，百度云资源，迅雷高清下载，希德尼娅的骑士第二季手机在线观看等资源均自网络收集而来，如果有更好更快的资源请联系神马电影。2014年6月底，在《希德尼娅的骑士》一期动画最终话的片尾公布了二期动画《希德尼娅的骑士：第九行星战役》制作决定，并将在11月举办二期动画第一、二话的先行上映会，上映会门票将在动画第一、二卷中限量附赠此外，原作中的重要角色“白羽衣紬”也将在第二期动画中登场；而原作者贰瓶勉的早期作品《BLAME！》亦会在第二期动画中以剧中剧的形式动画化。
Copyright © 2008-2019
Copyright © 2008-2018<|endoftext|>quote:Orijinalden alıntı: marihuana44 Üstad halı olanlar sıvı teması olduğunda koku yapar ama onu da çıkarıp kurutursak yine sorun olmaz diye tahmin ediyorum. Teşekkür ederim. Kauçuk kullanan arkadaşlar da yorumlarını esirgemezse sevinirim.
quote:Orijinalden alıntı: marihuana44 Motor hacminin çevreyle olan ilişkisinden dolayı yüksek dilimde vergilendirilmesini anlayabiliyorum. Ancak 1.6 motora sahip bir aracın turbo ile 177 hp'ye ulaşmasından dolayı yüksek vergi olması son derece saçma olur. Asfaltı mı kazıyormuş!<|endoftext|>آخرین اخبار
تاریخ : امروز دوشنبه 20 آذر 1396
به گزارش پایگاه خبری تحلیلی ترکمنهای ایران، دکتر سید مناف هاشمی، عصر چهارشنبه در نشست با جمعی از کارآفرینان برتر استان تصریح کرد: خوشختانه این استان برای جهش در مسیر رونق اقتصادی و ایجاد اشتغال ظرفیت های خوبی دارد و باید زمینه بهره گیری از آن را فراهم کرد.
وی افزود: دستگاه های اجرایی و مرتبط باید ظرفیت های خود در حوزه اشتغال، رفع موانع تولید را به روز کنند و از پتانسیل صنایع ، کارآفرینی امید در این راستا استفاده شود.
وی با تاکید بر استفاده از ایده آفرینان استان در حوزه های اشتغال با توجه زیرساخت های اولیه این کانون یادآور شد: این قشر بهترین تجربه را برای ارائه راهکار در رونق اقتصادی استان دارند که با ایجاد اتاق فکر و فعال کردن کار گروه های تخصصی زیرمجموعه، از ایده های آنان استفاده خواهد شد.
استاندار گلستان خاطر نشان کرد: کارآفرینان با طرح ایده های خود ، پیگیری آن را در قالب مطالبه از مسئولان بخواهند تا بتوان با اجرایی کردن ایده ها نوین آنان روند رشد و توسعه استان را تسریع کرد.
دکتر هاشمی افزود: برای شتاب گرفتن توسعه استان از مکاتبه های 10 سال اخیر استانداران گلستان استفاده خواهم کرد و در این راه طی یک ماه اخیر توانسته ایم دستور اجرایی 20 نامه گذشته را با پیگیری از مسئولان کشوری دریافت کنیم.
وی یادآور شد: امسال 2 هزار میلیارد تومان تسهیلات برای رونق اقتصادی استان تخصیص یافته که حدود هزار میلیارد تومان آن در حوزه تعاون و کارآفرینی برای ایجاد اشتغال است.
لازم به ذکر است در این نشست برخی از کارآفرینان استان در مورد ظرفیت های بکر گلستان در حوزه های مختلف ایجاد اشتغال، راهکارهای رفع موانع فعالیت، توجه به بازار مصرف با ایجاد فن بازار از سوی دستگاه های مرتبط مطالبی را بیان کردند.<|endoftext|>Crawl space ventilation in Indiana was based on the idea that installing foundation vents around the perimeter of the crawl space foundation would allow for outside air to flow through crawl space, which in turn would allow the crawl space to dry out by allowing more air to circulate through the crawl space. But here in Indiana, the opposite is true and here’s why.
During the spring and summer months in Indiana, the outside air tends to be very hot and humid. Humid because of the relative humidity or the moisture that this outside air has in it. Your crawl space on the other hand tends to be relatively cool year round due to it basically being a large hole in the ground. Crawl space vents allow this hot and humid outside air to flow into your crawl space carrying with it the high levels of moisture that is already in the air. This alone introduces your crawl space to additional moisture by allowing the wet, hot outside air to flow into your crawl space. Additional moisture is also created in the crawl space due to the fact that this wet, humid outside air is now mixing with the cooler air in the crawl space.
Outside air mixing with the cooler air in the crawl space causes additional moisture due to the fact that for every (1) degree that warm air is cooled, the relative humidity increases by 2.2 percent. When the relative humidity of the air in your crawl space exceeds 100%, the moisture is released from the air in the form of actual water or condensation. Examples of this can be seen in the crawl space on duct lines and pipes in the form of condensation.
Based on these facts, we can now take a look at an example of an average size Indiana vented crawl space and how wet, humid outside air can affect the moisture levels. Let’s assume the outside temperature in the air is 80 degrees with a relative humidity of 80%. And we will assume the air temperature in the crawl space is 65 degrees. The difference in the temperature of the outside air versus the crawl space air is 15 degrees. We now know that for every degree the warm air is cooled, the relative humidity increases by 2.2%. If the outside air is cooled by 15 degrees, that creates an additional 33% increase in the relative humidity of the outside air once it makes it way into the crawl space. Which increases the overall relative humidity for the outside air to 113% which is impossible because once the relative humidity reaches 100%, moisture is released from the air in the form of water or condensation.
For these reasons, foundation vents that allow outside air into crawl space will not help in reducing the moisture levels of the crawl space. In fact, more ventilation of the crawl space will only increase the moisture problem of a crawl space. For more information click here or visit www.swaincollc.com<|endoftext|>Fen Bilimleri Terimi Olarak Unsur :
Birleşik bir şeyi oluşturan basit şeylerden her biri.
Arkeoloji Terimi Olarak Unsur :
Taşınabilir eşyalardan büyük, mimari yapılardan küçük arkeolojik oluşumlara verilen ad. Örneğin, bir kamp ya da tandır ateşinin kalıntıları, bir gömüt ya da bir duvar için açılan temel birer unsurdur.
Din Kültürü ve Ahlak Bilgisi Terimi Olarak Unsur :
Öge, ilke, eleman.
Felsefe, Psikoloji, Sosyoloji, Mantık Terimi Olarak Unsur :
Birleşik bir şeyi oluşturan basit şeylerden her biri, öge.
Sosyal Bilgiler Terimi Olarak Unsur :
Öge.
Trafik ve İlk Yardım Terimi Olarak Unsur :
Öge.
Türkçe-Dil Bilgisi Terimi Olarak Unsur :
Öge, eleman.
Benzer Fen Bilimleri Terimleri :
Organ Nakli : Tedavisi mümkün olmayan hastalıklar nedeniyle görev yapamayacak derecede hasar gören organın yerine, sağlam organla değiştirilerek hastanın tedavi edilmesi işlemidir....
Nükleotit : Fosfat, şeker, bazdan oluşan ve nükleik asitlerin yapısını meydana getiren birim....
Raptiye : Düz, geniş başlı, kısa bir çivi görünüşünde, kâğıt veya karton vb. şeyleri bir yere tutturmak için kullanılan araç, pünez....
Guanin : DNA ve RNA nın yapısına katılan bir pürün bazı....
Periyot : 1 - Dönem, devir. 2 - Periyodik cetvelde yatay satırlardan her biri....
Galâksi : 1- Yıldız sistemlerinin oluşturduğu çok büyük sayıda gök cisimlerinden oluşmuş topluluklar.
2- Gök ada....
Diğer terim sözlüklerini de inceleyebilirsiniz...
Online Fen Bilimleri Terimleri Sözlüğü<|endoftext|>一、 门式刚架中只承担山墙风荷载，而不承担竖向荷载的一类抗风柱是否考虑计算长度放大系数η？
答：对于摇摆柱，其两端铰接，柱本身不为结构整体提供抗侧刚度，同时它要承担竖向荷载，其他柱子必须为摇摆柱提供侧向支承，因此需要考虑对于其他刚架柱的计算长度放大系数η。对于只承担风荷载，不承受竖向荷载的一类抗风柱，对于刚架柱的稳定没有明显的不利作用，计算长度系数的放大系数不需要考虑。
二、 2同一个门式刚架模型，将地基承载力特征值分别设为fak=245Kpa和fak=155kpa,为什么两次计算结果柱下独立基础的尺寸相同？
答：如下图查看两柱下基础计算结果文件：发现两模型的计算结果地基最大反力Pmax均小于各自修正后的地基承载力特征值，而最小反力Pmin则接近于0，且两次计算基础零应力区控制比例均为0，所以判断两个柱下基础底面尺寸由零应力区控制，此时要满足最小反力大于0，独基尺寸就与修正后的地基承载力特征值没有直接关系了。
三、 STS钢结构二维设计右下工具栏中的 “用钢量”是如何统计的？是否考虑了横向加劲肋等重量？
答：程序直接采用截面面积乘以构件长度再乘以钢材容重得到钢材用量，且不会乘以调整系数，所以其他配件，像构件中的加劲肋并未统计在其中。
四、 门刚规范规定：支撑拉杆长细比400，压杆长细比180，为何门式刚架三维和二维设计的结果值在小于以上限值时，显示超限？
答：门式刚架设计中，对于拉杆需要在验算规范选择门式刚架规范验算，勾选程序自动确定容许长细比，同时杆件定义为单拉杆或在墙面设计中柱间支撑按照单拉杆进行设计，此时程序按照拉杆长细比限值控制。对于压杆，其容许长细比不一定是180，门规3.4.3规定地震作用组合控制构件设计时，柱长细比按150控制，可根据实际情况控制长细比。
五、 门式刚架梁考虑隅撑对钢梁弹性约束时，程序是否判断门刚规范对于隅撑的要求（如隅撑上支撑点位置低于檩条中心）？当不满足相关要求时应该如何处理？
答：如果用户选择了考虑隅撑作用定义并布置了隅撑相关信息，程序不自动判断隅撑是否满足要求，直接按照布置参数考虑隅撑作用下的弹性屈曲临界弯矩Mcr，进而确定稳定系数。在隅撑布置不满足规范的相关要求时，可以调整隅撑布置，如不能改变隅撑布置的，则需要按照支撑间距确定梁面外计算长度，即取支撑或刚性系杆间距作为梁面外计算长度。
六、 如下图，钢框架模型上下弦杆分别建模在两个标准层中，腹杆用空间斜杆，悬挑部分弹性挠度显示，为什么下弦杆相对挠度特别大，而上弦杆挠度接近于0？
答：首先对于带有桁架结构的模型，其桁架部分需要考虑其上下弦杆与腹杆共同工作，当上下弦杆位于不同的标准层时，需要将桁架部分定义为同一个施工次序。
弹性挠度中的相对挠度为主梁或次梁跨中相对于梁两端的位移，悬挑梁为悬挑端相对于竖向构件端部的位移差。该模型一层悬挑部分由于整根梁只有一端与竖向构件相连，程序判断为悬挑梁，二层上弦杆各段均与支撑相连，判断为框架梁，因此其相对挠度为梁跨中相对于各梁段两端的位移，所以位移值很小，此时应该看绝对挠度或各荷载工况下的位移情况判断挠度是否满足要求。
七、 为什么同样模型，只将柱截面改大，柱脚锚栓就会增加？为何边跨柱脚锚栓反而比中间跨的多？
答：该模型中将下面一行柱截面改大后，柱刚度随之增大，如下图，柱脚的受拉承载力控制组合由原来的压力变为拉力，弯矩也随之增大，原有锚栓不满足要求，所以锚栓数量会有所增加。
相对中间跨，该模型下部承受的竖向荷载小，轴压比较中间跨要小，且在水平作用下结构边角部一般会产生拉力和弯矩，所以以受拉控制的锚栓数量会比中间跨要多。
一、 在satwe中进行不同性能目标与小震包络设计时，为什么主模型中仍然显示的是小震模型计算结果而不是包络值？
答：在进行性能设计包络时，在参数中定义了性能包络设计的相关信息后，必须要在多模型定义—性能目标中交互定义各个构件的参加包络时的性能目标后再进行计算，才能得到包络结果，如果没有定义构件的性能目标，则satwe构件配筋和应力结果不会进行包络。
二、 在satwe中进行不同性能目标与小震包络设计时，为什么结果查看中输出的参数是“在中震(或大震)设计：不考虑”？
答：在参数中定义是“性能设计包络信息”而不是单独考虑整个结构的某个性能目标，该参数只有在“性能设计”参数中选择左侧“按照高规性能化设计时选择一个特定的性能目标时才显示对应的性能目标，否则显示不考虑。
三、 PKPM对于导入用户自定义地震波具体方法是什么？
1、使用txt文本文件进行自定义地震波的数据写入和编辑。文本文件的后缀名为.txt，需要将其修改为.x、y和.z，其中.x文件为地震波主方向数据文件，.y文件为地震波次方向数据文件，.z文件为竖向地震波文件。如图：修改文件后缀名时注意在文件夹选项中的“隐藏已知文件类型的扩展名”处于不勾选的状态，否则很可能无法修改扩展名。
2、 地震波文件名一般为英文和数字组合形式，不要出现特殊符号和空格，例如文件名可以是user1.x、user1.y，wave1.x、wave1.y等等。
3、 打开地震波文本文件，第一行输入该条波的采样点总数，空一格第二列为采样点记录步长，此处没有数值时，程序默认按照0.02s考虑。第二行第一列起为地震波各采样点加速度值，单位为m/s2，注意采样点数必须要与采样点总数一致。如果导入的波为人工波还需要在第一行采样点记录步长后空一格，输入m作为人工波的标志，天然波则不需要。
4、将编辑好之后的地震波文件放入模型所在文件夹后，在地震波库中“自定义地震波”一栏会出现已经导入的自定义地震波。
四、 模型楼层受剪承载力不满足要求，此时增加上层框架柱数量后，为什么本层与上层受剪承载力比值反而满足规范要求？
答：程序对于构件的楼层受剪承载力计算，按照建筑抗震鉴定标准附录C进行计算，构件的楼层受剪承载力不同于剪切刚度等刚度指标只和构件截面及模型布置相关，承载力指标和构件
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a sound understanding of the basis for theory and formula.
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The NRICH Project aims to enrich the mathematical experiences of all learners. To support this aim, members of the NRICH team work in a wide range of capacities, including providing professional development for teachers wishing to embed rich mathematical tasks into everyday classroom practice. More information on many of our other activities can be found here.
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Millennium Mathematics Project<|endoftext|>Prophet Joseph was the son of Prophet Jacob, the grandson of Prophet Isaac, and the descendant of Prophet Abraham – peace be upon all of them! He was a prophet from the children of Israel. Prophet Joseph was one of a few prophets whose stories are related in detail by the sacred texts of the Bible, especially the Old Testament, and the Qur’an with a good deal of concurrence on the main milestones.
Prophet Joseph in Christianity
In the Old Testament, the Bible narrates Prophet Joseph’s story in detail. Such a story occupies several chapters from the introductory Book of Genesis. It lies in about 20 chapters from Chapter 30 to Chapter 50, which is the last of the chapters of the Book of Genesis.
Prophet Joseph’s story begins from (Genesis 30:24): She named him Joseph and said, “May the Lord add another son to me…”
It ends towards the end of Genesis 50, specifically (Genesis 50:26): Joseph died at the age of 110. They embalmed him and placed him in a coffin in Egypt.
Prophet Joseph in Islam
In the Qur’an, a whole chapter deals with Prophet Joseph’s story in detail. That is why it is named after him “Chapter of Joseph” (Surat Yusuf). Most of its verses present the story of Prophet Joseph. The other verses involve either an introduction or a conclusion for this story.
It is not strange that we find some prophet stories in the Bible and the Qur’an relatively identical given the identity of the source of both. It would have been rather strange to find them totally dissimilar.
Also, it is not curious to have more details about those stories in one scripture than the other. It is observable that the Bible often gives further details more than the Qur’an.
No wonder, the Qur’anic rhythm is more concise for the facilitation of recitation and memorization. On the other hand, the Bible does not take brevity into consideration. It gives such minor details which a reader may not need for the purposes of either worship or information.
- The Glorious Qur’an
- The Holy Bible<|endoftext|>The annual percentage rate is determined by combining the U.S. Prime Rate, which is published by the Wall Street Journal, with the margin that the bank or financial institution charges, reports the Bank of America website. The annual percentage rate helps determine the cost of borrowing or opening a credit card, states Bankrate.Continue Reading
The U.S. Prime Rate is derived from the federal funds rate, notes Bankrate. The federal funds rate is the primary driver of interest rates in the economy. The Federal Open Market Committee determines the federal funds rate, and the Wall Street Journal then conducts a banking survey to determine the U.S. Prime Rate. Banks utilize this U.S. Prime Rate with considerations of their own premiums to determine an annual percentage rate, states the Bank of America. The annual percentage rate is then modified to determine daily periodic rate and total interest for a particular period.
For borrowers, a lower credit score can yield a higher annual percentage rate, according to Bankrate. The annual percentage rate only refers to interest and does not include any fees, such as balance transfer fees. Borrowers with multiple credit cards from a financial institution do not always have the same annual percentage rate for each card. Certain promotional rates can differ from the standard annual percentage rates.Learn more about Financial Calculations<|endoftext|>Bond Par Value
To understand funding at par, you must first understand par value and bonds in general. A bond is a debt instrument that is issued by a government or organization. The bond is issued with a par value on it. The par value is also called the face value. When the bond is ultimately redeemed at the maturity date, it is redeemed for the par value. For example, a bond with a par value of $1,000 would be redeemed for $1,000 after it matures.
How it Worked
When the United States was in its formative stages, it was essentially a group of states that governed themselves individually with a federal government that had very little power. In this stage, Alexander Hamilton proposed that the United States take on bonds issued by the states and then reissue new federal bonds at the par value of the state bonds. Then the bonds would ultimately be repaid for the par value plus any interest that was earned over time.
Hamilton recommended funding at par because he believed that this would improve the image of the United States on the global scene. It would also be a place that would cultivate foreign investment. If people from other countries and other governments knew that they could buy bonds backed by the faith and credit of the United States government, this would lead to an influx of foreign money for the United States. This ultimately led to the creation of U.S. bonds and the United States banking system.
The idea of funding at par was met with some controversy when it was originally proposed. All of the founding fathers of the country did not agree that this was the best idea for the economy. For example, Thomas Jefferson argued that creating a national debt would eventually hurt the common man and make it impossible for the country to repay the debt as it grows. Eventually, Hamilton won out and the bonds were issued, which put the U.S. in debt for the first time.<|endoftext|>Objective / Rules - Complete the grid such that every row and column contains every number exactly once. - The symbols on the grid indicate neighbours (e.g. 1 >< 2, 3 >< 4, 2 >< 1). - Rule 1 - a symbol between = the numbers are neighbours. - Rule 2 - NOT a symbol between = the numbers are NOT neighbours.
Keyboard Usage[only when your cursor is in the grid] Note: not all options work on all browsers. A = auto-pencil marks (or click the check box). CTRL + arrows = move around the grid. SHIFT + number = highlight all squares with that number as a pencil mark [SHIFT+0 to clear].
Mouse Usage Clicking a neighbour symbol will change its colour, very useful when you know the symbol has been satisfied. "Show squares with a..." highlights all squares with that number as a pencil mark.
Checking The system automatically checks that symbols and not symbols are being followed for single numbers (but doesn't check whether the numbers are correct).
If you click 'Check' the system will check for incorrect squares. If 'Show mistakes when checking' is checked they will be marked in red. There are two types of error checked for: 1. A single number that isn't the same as the solution. 2. Multiple numbers that don't contain the solution number.
Uniqueness Each puzzle has exactly one solution, which can be found using logic alone and no guesses are ever required.<|endoftext|>There are many knowledge gaps for shark and ocean conservation topics in Hong Kong. BLOOM HK carries out research to provide a scientific foundation for future conservation work.
HONG KONG SHARK FIN-RELATED TRADE
Sociological study: Hong Kong shark fin consumption habits and attitudes 2009 & 2014
In 2009, BLOOM commissioned the Social Sciences Research Centre of The University of Hong Kong (HKUSSRC) to carry out the survey on consumption habits of shark fins and shark-related products in Hong Kong. The study was one of the most comprehensive researches on the subject ever completed, wherein more than 1,000 interviews were conducted successfully.
In 2014, this study was replicated to provide an update, and to offer a comparison of any changes that might have arisen in the 5 years.
In both years, wedding banquets were consistently the occasion where shark fin soup is most frequently consumed (as compared to reunions, festivals, corporate events, etc.).
Acceptance of not including shark fin soup in a wedding banquet rose from 78.4% in 2009 to 92% in 2014.
“Environmental conservation” was the reason for cutting down on shark fin consumption for 81.1% of the respondents in 2014. This rose from the 56.8% in 2009.
In 2014, over 70% of respondents were reportedly uncomfortable with eating an endangered fish, and 93.9% were unwilling to consume a threatened species.
Over 90% showed support for the Hong Kong government’s decision to remove shark fin and bluefin tuna from official banquets.
Over 90% agree that the Hong Kong government should do more to regulate the international shark-related trade.
Dining on shark fins: a snapshot of shark fins offered by Macau’s leading casino-hotels
Tourism and casino-driven revenues are by far the greatest sources of income for the Macau Special Administrative Region. With Macau’s hotels industry growing increasingly extravagant to match tourists’ demands, Macau’s import of shark fins from Hong Kong has also risen.
In 2013 and with the support of Humane Society International (HSI), BLOOM HK conducted a hotel survey in Macau to investigate the provision of shark fin dishes across the casino-hotels. The objective was to find 1) whether or not shark fin or shark fin-alternative dishes were offered on the menus of Macau’s major casino hotels and 2) whether a Seafood Procurement Policy was present for the corresponding casino-operators.
Between 2007 and 2010, Macau’s shark fin-related imports from Hong Kong have doubled.
According to UN FAO figures, Macau ranks 8th in the world in terms of shark fin volumes imported.
Only 2 out of the 33 casino-hotels surveyed have removed shark fin from their menus completely, although 17 will provide shark fin-alternatives.
Within the survey period, almost 80% of the casino-hotels surveyed do not include any Seafood Procurement Policies or indicate consideration for sustainability in seafood sourcing practices in their Corporate Social Responsibility reports.
DNA study for species composition of the shark fin market
While Hong Kong is one of the world’s greatest trade hub of shark fin handling over 50% of the global trade, there is currently very little understanding of what species are involved. Enforcement of CITES regulations (see: Shark Campaign) is hence made difficult, for we do not even know if any of the fins currently traded into and through Hong Kong belong to endangered and/or regulated species.
The Stony Brook University is currently undergoing a retail market survey to understand the composition of shark species present in the fins sold in Hong Kong. By way of DNA analysis, shark fin-related products purchased from Sheung Wan and Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong (the local go-to’s for shark fin and other dried seafood products) are randomly sampled and identified to species. BLOOM HK is one of the collaborating partners of this project.
Shark fin trade data analysis
All items traded through Hong Kong are documented in the local government’s Census and Statistics Department (CSD) through a mandatory self-reporting system. Data for the volume, country of origin, country of consignment and destinations of shark fin products’ import into and re-export from Hong Kong is freely available for public view and use.
BLOOM HK has been collecting this data from 1998 to present. With this data, Hong Kong’s local demand for shark fin and role as a global trading port can be derived through data analysis. Furthermore, under comparison with the UN FAO data, which documents volumes of shark fin exported to Hong Kong from exporting countries, discrepancies indicating misreporting can be found.
The analysis is not currently published on its own, but is included in the report below.
Patterns and dynamics of shark fin trade in Hong Kong ― implications for the monitoring and management 2015
This research puts together shark fin trade data collected from Hong Kong CSD for the years 1998 to 2013 to formulate suggestions for the Hong Kong government to more efficiently carry out monitoring and management of the trade.
Within the surveyed period, 130 countries/territories around the world were recorded to have exported shark fin to Hong Kong to feed the market locally in Hong Kong and regionally among some Asian countries. Today, Spain, Taiwan, Indonesia, UAE, Singapore and Japan, known as the “Big Five Plus Japan”, make up over 50% of all of Hong Kong’s shark fin imports. Comparison of Hong Kong’s import data with the exporting countries/territories’ UN FAO declarations has indicated that some countries/territories are consistently underreporting shark fin exports.
At least 9 specific recommendations for policy and management actions are made in the report.
“King of shark fins” not quite sharks… so what is in my shark fin soup?: a rapid survey on the availability of shark-like batoid fins in Hong Kong SAR and Guangzhou, China retail markets
Available for download
Sharks are not the only chondrichthyans facing global population declines and extinction risks. Many shark-like batoids, including sawfishes, wedgefishes, giant guitarfishes and guitarfishes are also suffering from overexploitation. Fins of some shark-like batoids can be found sold as shark fins under the category name of “Qun chi” in Hong Kong and Guangzhou, China markets, and are reputable for quality and texture, placing fishing pressures on their dwindling populations.
This report serves to fill a knowledge gap about the availability of shark-like batoid fins in Hong Kong SAR and Guangzhou, China’s retail markets through market surveys. Results confirmed that in both markets, shark-like batoid fins are sold at least under the category name of “Qun chi“, and include several species of shark-like batoids in the international trade. The study proves that these fins have a clear role in Hong Kong and mainland China’s markets, and it is recommended that the trade needs to be better understood and managed.
HONG KONG SEAFOOD TRADE
Sea cumber trade
In 2012, BLOOM HK published a co-authored paper to about Hong Kong’s role in the global sea cucumbers (bêche-de-mer) trade. Sea cucumber is one of the many “luxury seafoods” loved by Hong Kong people, and the demand has placed heavy fishing pressures on sea cucumber fisheries worldwide. It was found that, between 1996 and 2011 the number of countries supplying sea cucumbers to Hong Kong has been steadily increasing. While Mainland China was traditionally the most important destination country for Hong Kong’s sea cucumber re-exports, it appears that Vietnam will soon overtake China as the greatest receiver in terms of volume.
Suggestions were made to facilitate more efficient monitoring and management work by the local government. It is also recommended that the rising importance of Vietnam be investigated in future research.
Airlines and the Live Reef Food Fish Trade
In 2014-2015, BLOOM HK took part in a research study to understand how airlines and other transportation modes associated with the seafood trade in Hong Kong may work to achieve greater sustainability with one of the city’s greatest seafood love: live reef food fishes (LRFF).
As LRFF is often exported and not consumed within source countries, traders of LRFF rely heavily on the availability of secure transportation modes, especially airlines, to deliver their live fish from source to destination markets. Carrier companies are hence in a position to greatly enhance Hong Kong’s capacity to monior and regulate the LRFFT — in particular, to prevent illegal trading activities.
As one of the collaborators of this project, BLOOM HK interviewed the traders of some of the Asia Pacific region’s greatest LRFF exporters, including Sabah, Malaysia, and Manila and Palawan of the Philippines.
The study is commissioned by the Hong Kong Airport Authority, and spearheaded by the ADM Capital Foundation.
Mobulid Gill Plate Trade and Retail Patterns in Hong Kong and Guangzhou
The persisting demand for manta and mobula ray gill plates is increasingly raising concerns for the species’ survival and sustainability. Mobulid gill plates are used as Traditional Chinese Medicine or as tonics, and can be found in just a few key Asian markets, including Hong Kong and Guangzhou among others. While Guangzhou is already known to be a key trade, retail and consumer hub of Mobulid gill plates, the role of Hong Kong has not yet been given focus in existing research.
Collaborating with BLOOM Association Hong Kong, Mr. HAU Cheuk Yu (undergraduate Final Year Project, Ecology and Biodiversity, School of Biological Sciences of The University of Hong Kong) embarked on a snapshot study on the role of Hong Kong in the trade and consumption of gill plates, as compared to that of Guangzhou. The results show that Hong Kong is no less important of a market for gill plates, and that it’s role may previously have been undermined.
In view of the imminent 17th Meeting of the Conference of the Parties, for the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of wild Fauna and Flora (CITES CoP17), results of the study has been put together into a report downloadable below.
Revised: Rapid survey of Mobulid gill plate trade and retail patterns in Hong Kong and Guangzhou
Kindly set to two-page view for optimal viewing
Rapid survey of mobulid gill plate trade and retail patterns in Hong Kong and Guangzhou
Kindly set to two-page view for optimal viewing
LOCAL REEF FISH BIODIVERSITY
114°E Hong Kong Reef Fish Survey
Hong Kong has a reef fish diversity richer than the entire Caribbean Sea. However, very little of this diversity is understood and a system to regularly update and document the reef fish species found in Hong Kong waters was found wanting.
In 2014, BLOOM HK launched an underwater reef fish survey with the objective of providing baseline data of exactly what species of marine fish are found in Hong Kong’s reefs. The initial surveys spanning over 2014 to 2016 were funded by Ocean Park Conservation Foundation Hong Kong (OPCFHK), and in this period 4 new species to Hong Kong were observed and documented. Through the surveys, the pressing problem of alien species introduction was also evidenced by sightings of the artificial, hybrid species: the Sabah grouper.
With support of The Swire Group Charitable Trust, the survey will continue at least up to 2020 to continue to bring our inventory of reef fish species up to date. The data will be published on a web-based portal (coming soon), inviting the submission of reef fish photographs taken in Hong Kong waters by recreational divers.
Rapid Reef Fish Survey at Daya Bay, Guangdong Province, China
Available for download
In 2015, BLOOM HK collaborated with the State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution of the City University of Hong Kong to conduct a study of reef fishes in the Daya Bay area. Such studies were found to be very limited in Daya Bay, an area continuously affected by fishing pressures, coastal development and pollution. The purpose of this study was hence to provide updated baseline information for reef fishes in the area, by conducted underwater visual census. A total of 12 sites were surveyed across 6 survey days, recording a total of 92 reef fish species despite low underwater visibility. Several of the recorded species are also considered commercially important. It is hoped that more in-depth research and long-term monitoring can be established in the area.
Hong Kong Reef Fish Photo Guide
In 2013, BLOOM HK’s Marine Programme Director (Stan Shea) co-authored in a bilingual photo guide on reef fish species found in Hong Kong waters. The “Hong Kong Reef Fish Photo Guide” features profiles of 200+ species, and photographs collected over more than 7 years of underwater observation. The book is now available at various local dive shops.<|endoftext|>Avrupa
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die, and there is no treatment to save the infected tree. Once an oak wilt infection is confirmed, however, treatments are available to save surrounding oaks and stop the spread of this disease.”
It is important to note that all red oaks are susceptible to oak wilt, and these are also some of the most common trees used in suburban landscaping. When we lose a large number of these trees, it can also impact the wildlife in the area – especially those that need the acorns from oak trees. Of course, red oak wood is also a huge industry in Michigan.
According to the Michigan Oak Wilt Organization, the most common trees in our area area:
- Pin Oaks
- Northern Pin Oaks
- Northern and Southern Red Oaks
- Black Oaks
- Scarlet Oaks
- Bur Oaks
- Post Oaks
- White Oaks
- Swamp White Oaks
In general, knowing about whether or not your trees have oak wilt can help to keep your home safe. Since oak wilt does disrupt the structural integrity of the tree, you have to worry about it falling on structures, infecting other trees, and causing general destruction.
Oak Wilt Diagnosis
- Can be difficult to diagnosis
- Might take a while to show physical signs
- Requires help of a professional
Oak wilt is an extremely slow mover – it goes through the root systems and can be moved by insects that crawl on trees. Oak wilt can also move to yards through moving infected firewood from one location to your yard – it is common for people who share tools to spread oak wilt quickly.
The most common sign of oak wilt is when your red oaks suddenly drop their leaves. According to the Texas Oak Wilt Organization, “Most live oaks defoliate and die over a 1- to 6-month period following initial appearance of symptoms. Some live oaks take longer to die, and a few untreated trees may survive many years in various stages of decline. Occasionally, a few live oaks in an oak wilt center may escape infection and remain unaffected by the disease.”
It is important to note that when the symptoms appear, you have to act quickly. Red oaks will never survive oak wilt and may die within a month. Your trees will be bright against the trees next to it – don’t just assume that they are changing early or that it is normal. This is a warning cry that something is wrong.
In some trees, you will be able to see the leaves changing earlier, which will give you a better chance at treatment. You may also see something called a “fungal mat” which is found in the cracks of trees. This mat will put off a very distinct smell.
Oak Wilt Treatment
- Depends on where you live – each area has unique methods
- Can require professional tools
- Sometimes, removal is the only option
To manage oak wilt, pruning is one of the most effective treatments. Unless you know quite a bit about pruning and oak wilt treatment, it is important not to take this step into your own hands. Safely pruning the tree can extend the life of your tree quite a bit – and you cannot find out how to do this online. Instead, you need to have practical experience with safe pruning methods for your area. In Kalamazoo, the safe pruning techniques for oak wilt treatment are different from the ones in Grand Rapids, Ann Arbor, or South Bend.
The first thing you need to do is get a positive diagnosis on your tree – you need to know that it has oak wilt before you can treat it, or you could be creating more problems.
One of the best ways of treatment, according to Penn State, “Do not prune oaks in the late spring or summer because this creates fresh wounds that are attractive to insects that may be carrying the fungus. Prune only during November through mid-April.”
Our first step will be to break root grafts before trying to remove an infected tree – this is more common with red oaks. We have to trench between oaks in your yard and remove anything within 50 feet of the oak. It is better done when the soil is warmer, rather than during the winter months.
Then, we sadly have to remove trees. We will bury, burn, and debark the logs and stumps that we get from it – this is so contagious that we have to be careful not to spread the fungus to other trees.
Sadly, for most trees, oak will be a death sentence and there is nothing we can do about it. Still, you want to have professionals come in and make moves to save the other trees in your yard. This is not a problem that will go away on its own, nor will you be able to handle it by yourself.
If you believe that you have oak wilt in your yard, give us a call today at (269) 216-6811 and we can set up a time to visit you and your beautiful oak trees.
Header photo courtesy of Jennifer Flynn on Flickr!<|endoftext|>Il Paris Saint-Germain ha ottenuto un pareggio per 1-1 contro il Newcastle, con Kylian Mbappé che ha trasformato un rigore al 98' minuto regalando un punto fondamentale punto ai suoi.
Il gol nel primo tempo di Alexander Isak ha illuso il Newcastle per gran parte della gara, ma il Psg ha dominato le ultime fasi del match e il rigore di Mbappé, assegnato dopo una revisione del Var si è rivelato fondamentale per puntare al secondo posto nel girone.
L'Altetico ha superato in trasferta il Feyenoord per 3-1, centrando il primo posto nel girone (non matematico) e regalando così anche la qualificazione alla Lazio.
Il Barcellona si è assicurato un posto negli ottavi di finale di Champions per la prima volta in tre stagioni, battendo il Porto per 2-1 in un'emozionante partita all'Estadio Olimpico.
Dopo essere passato in svantaggio per via di un gol alla mezz'ora del Porto, il Barcellona ha risposto con lo splendido gol di João Cancelo dopo due minuti e la conclusione ben assestata di João Félix.
Il Manchester City ha rimontato da due gol di svantaggio per ottenere una vittoria per 3-2 contro il Lipsia in partita piena di emozioni, conquistando matematicamente il primo posto nel girone.
Young Boys-Stella Rossa
Lo Young Boys ha battuto la Stella Rossa per 2-0 nel Gruppo G.
I padroni di casa sono così saliti a quota quattro punti e hanno confermato il terzo posto in classifica, centrando la qualificazione in Europa League.
Shakhtar Donetsk-Anversa
Lo Shakhtar Donetsk di Darijo Srna ha mantenuto vive le sue flebili speranze di qualificarsi agli ottavi per la prima volta in sei tentativi nella fase a gironi grazie a una tirata vittoria per 1-0 sul Royal Antwerp.<|endoftext|>Ecco il sito ufficiale di Cristiano Ronaldo, online le scarpe 2014 che il campione del Portogallo utilizza durante le partite. Sul sito tutti i dettagli sulla tecnologia delle nuove scarpe del campione.
Una scarpa leggera e sofisticata per i campioni di calcio.
Visitate il sito ufficiale del calciatore portoghese, il quale ha disputato come capitano gli Europei 2012 perdendo con la Spagna in semifinale ai rigori.<|endoftext|>L’agenzia ufficiale egiziana Mena nella notte ha annunciato che nei colloqui indiretti al Cairo fra il premier libico Fayez Al Sarraj e il generale Khalifa Haftar e’ stato “concordato di tenere elezioni parlamentari e presidenziali” in Libia “nel febbraio 2018, in linea con l’accordo politico libico” firmato a Skhirat nel dicembre 2015.<|endoftext|>بهبود ویژگی ها و کیفیت روغن های خوراکی با فناوری نانو
محققان ایرانی در یک پژوهش آزمایشگاهی، موفق به جایگزینی افزودنی های آنتی اکسیدان مصنوعی مضر با ترکیبات طبیعی استخراج شده از عصاره برگ درخت زیتون در روغن های خوراکی شدند.
به گزارش خبرگزاری مهر، به نقل از ستاد ویژه توسعه فناوری نانو، اکسایش، عامل اصلی فساد چربی ها و روغن ها محسوب می شود. به همین دلیل، عموما ترکیبات آنتی اکسیدان برای جلوگیری از بدطعمی و فساد ناشی از اکسایش به این محصولات اضافه می شوند که البته برخی از آن ها برای سلامتی مضرند. از این رو، اخیرا توجه محققان به سوی کاربرد آنتی اکسیدان های طبیعی و بی ضرر از جمله ترکیبات حاصل از عصاره ی هسته انگور، بلوط، رزماری، چای سبز و برگ درخت زیتون جلب شده است.
سید مهدی جعفری یکی از محققان این طرح بیان کرد: ترکیبات فنولی یکی از مهم ترین آنتی اکسیدان های طبیعی هستند که موجب نگهداری غذاهای فراوری شده در برابر اکسایش می شوند.
وی با بیان اینکه برگ درخت زیتون به عنوان یک منبع غنی از ترکیبات فنولی است، افزود: با این حال ترکیبات فنولی استخراج شده از آن هنگام قرارگیری در معرض نور و اکسیژن، خواص خود را از دست می دهد.
در این روش، به دلیل قرارگیری عصاره برگ درخت زیتون درون نانوکپسول های طراحی شده، میزان اثربخشی این ترکیبات آنتی اکسیدان افزایش یافته و در نتیجه کیفیت روغن خوراکی بهبود یافته است.
به گفته جعفری، نانوریزپوشانی یا همان قرارگیری مواد در نانوکپسول ها، یکی از بهترین روش های نوین حفظ ترکیبات حساس و زیست فعال غذایی است. از این رو هدف کلی این پژوهش، ارزیابی نانوریزپوشانی عصاره برگ درخت زیتون و کاربرد آن در روغن سویا است که برای این منظور از نانوامولسیون های دوگانه به عنوان نانوکپسول استفاده شده است.
وی افزود: طبق نتایج آزمایش های انجام شده، این آنتی اکسیدان طبیعی می تواند جایگزین بسیار مناسبی برای آنتی اکسیدان های متداول سنتزی باشد که با استفاده از روش نانوریزپوشانی، خواص آن نیز بهتر حفظ خواهد شد.
وی با اشاره به دیگر مزایای نانوریزپوشانی ها گفت: با استفاده از نانوریزپوشانی ها می توان به افزایش ماندگاری مواد غذایی، رهایش کنترل شده، بالارفتن راندمان تولید، کاهش ضایعات و همچنین ایجاد ارزش افزوده در صنایع غذایی و تولید محصولات فراسودمند در کنار امکان نوآوری و تنوع در تولید محصولات غذایی کمک زیادی کرد.
به گفته این پژوهشگر، کاربردهای دیگر نانوکپسول های حاوی ترکیبات طبیعی در صنایع غذایی را می توان در تولید محصولات غذایی کم کالری و کم چرب، پوشاندن طعم ها و بهبود ویژگی های حسی غذاها برشمرد. از طرفی به کمک روش نانوریزپوشانی، نانوکپسول محتویات خود را، با سرعتی کنترل شده و در یک زمان مشخص و با ایجاد یک تحریک خاص آزاد می کند.
وی عنوان کرد: از نتایج این طرح می توان افزون بر صنایع غذایی در صنایع داروسازی و نیز تولید لوازم بهداشتی-آرایشی بهره برد. درحال حاضر نیز، مراحل نیمه صنعتی تولید این محصول در مرکز رشد دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان درحال اجراست.
جعفری با اشاره به مراحل انجام این پژوهش عنوان کرد: در ابتدا برگ درخت زیتون تهیه و آماده سازی و ترکیبات فنولی موجود در آن استخراج شد. سپس نانوریزپوشانی از طریق تولید انواع نانوامولسیون ها صورت گرفت. پس از بررسی ویژگی های کیفی نانوکپسول ها، این ترکیبات در نهایت به روغن خوراکی افزوده شده و ویژگی های آنتی اکسیدانی و کیفی روغن مطالعه شد.
این تحقیقات حاصل همکاری دکتر سید مهدی جعفری، دانشیار دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، عادله محمدی و افشین فریدی، کارشناس ارشد مهندسی مواد و طراحی صنایع غذایی این دانشگاه است. نتایج این کار در مجله Food Chemistry (جلد ۱۹۰، سال ۲۰۱۶، صفحات ۵۱۳ تا ۵۱۹) منتشر شده است.<|endoftext|>Foreword | April 24, 2018
Over the centuries, heroes in literature have metamorphosed from god-like leaders to all-too-fallible humans. Prince Hamlet—brilliant, bedeviled, articulate, self-destructive—is an unforgettable early archetype. By the past century, literary protagonists had become complex human beings, even antiheroes, whose lives still represented something greater than their own failings. F. Scott Fitzgerald’s Jay Gatsby is a modern antihero who in the pursuit of the love of his life creates an ill-fated—even if well intended and grandly American—palace of illusion.
Richard Poirier in A World Elsewhere noticed a tendency in American literature, especially in comparison with British literature, to displace the real with the imagined and the realistic with the romantic. America’s emblematic literary characters aspire to freedom, fulfillment, and even heroism, as opposed to achievement or thoughtful morality. Instead of learning the social and moral lessons, like many of Jane Austen’s or Charles Dickens’s protagonists—better judgment, kindness, honesty—the American often wants something grander. Melville’s Captain Ahab lives to obliterate a self-created representative of evil and nihilism—the white whale. Hawthorne’s characters struggle for self-realization against social constraint. In Absalom, Absalom!, Faulkner’s Thomas Sutpen grows up experiencing white poverty in West Virginia and moves to Mississippi, where he tries to turn himself into a grand Southern patriarch. In the process, he succumbs to the self-annihilating racist mythology of the Old South, and his seemingly invulnerable, satanically large life is ended by the slash of a scythe at the hand of a hillbilly backwater man not unlike Sutpen’s kinfolk.
The unreality of history since the great wars of the last hundred years may have contributed to this tendency toward large, menacingly dark romantic stories in American literature. Eliot’s defining poem “The Waste Land” rose from the ruins of World War I. World War II was the setting of some of the most important early postmodern novels. Yossarian of Catch-22, Tyrone Slothrop of Gravity’s Rainbow, and Billy Pilgrim of Slaughterhouse-Five all embark on unrealistic and increasingly absurd and desperate quests. In worlds this extreme—where Dresden is melted to the ground by firebombs and V-2 rockets fall on London—characters wander into fantasyland, forcing fiction back toward myth. And in later work by visionary African American writers, the absurdly evil institution of American slavery is addressed in novels such as Toni Morrison’s Beloved or Colson Whitehead’s The Underground Railroad: ambitious historical fictions in which women (Morrison’s Sethe, Whitehead’s Cora) act heroically and violently for the goal of freedom.
Poirier believes that despite threads of dark romanticism in American literature, there are obvious optimistic elements in our urge for freedom, self-definition, and heroic reimagining. “Build therefore your own world,” said Emerson. Many of my favorite American novels are from the age of High Modernism, with its mix of realism and romance. In Henry James’s The Ambassadors, Lambert Strether takes up the charge to free his wealthy fiancée’s son Chad from the clutches of a presumably exploitive European woman. Strether goes to Europe and slips into his own series of attractions, relishing the freedom of experience that he finds there. As Strether eventually tries to bring Chad home, the reader questions whether the American is naively deceived by manipulative Europeans. Ultimately, though, if Strether’s loving appreciation of Europe is misguided, he has also experienced the richness of the old world and is expanded and refined by it.
In this issue of TMR, there are several wonderful examples of hidden strength and valor. In Sara Read’s “Kimmo in the Pisgah,” her first published story, C. J. is an Appalachian teenager who appears destined for a future of juvenile offenses that will escalate into more serious ones and a wasted life. His grandmother, who is raising him and his sister, decides to send him to a distant relative, “Uncle” Kimmo, an eccentric Finn who lives alone in a mountain cabin and makes knives for a living. The young man is angry and annoyed but gradually falls under Kimmo’s spell, learning to appreciate his solitary and Spartan way of life and developing a sense of self-worth. In the story’s retrospective ending, C. J. reflects that the time on the mountain saved him and wishes there had been a female version of Kimmo to do the same for his sister, whose life degenerated into addiction.
Tamara Titus is the winner in fiction in the 2017 Smith Prize contest. Her story “Exit Seekers” is about Ben Gibson, a diabetic amputee with a nicotine habit living in a care facility. In the nursing-home environment, with extremely limited freedom, surrounded by people with various deficits, Ben is a crusty and jaded moral barometer who somehow retains his humanity and kindness despite his circumstance. The story ends with a symbolic act of rebellion that underscores the loss of ability and very limited freedom people have in end-of-life care.
The story “The Resurrection of Ma Jun” by Denis Wong, a 2017 Smith Prize runner-up, is set in Shanghai, where the Ma family, ethnic Muslims, moved after the birth of their second child, Jun; the move has taken them away from their religious community. The parents hide their religion so that Jun’s father can keep his job and they will not be persecuted. In a series of events beginning with the accidental near-death and hospitalization of Jun’s older sister, Jun’s experiences demonstrate how being of a certain class or ethnicity can turn mere survival into a challenge. Trying to get beyond that to a world of hope and choice is itself a form of heroism.
“Coach Schwartz” by Andrew De Silva is another 2017 Smith Prize runner-up and a first story publication. Ryan, a professional tennis player, has left the sport at age twenty-five to raise his niece after his mentally unstable brother abandoned her. They live in a Chicago suburb, where Ryan coaches tennis in high school and is having a halfhearted affair. An unlikely surrogate parent and mentor of youth in general, he lives in a prescription-painkiller haze. Deeply flawed though he is, however, Coach Schwarz doesn’t just take care of his niece but loves her, and he works to find talent in his team and to inspire them.
Jonny Diamond’s “Deadwood Soldiers Take a Cruise!” is a powerful story about trauma. Tyler and Bonnie are veterans of the war in Iraq who met there and married, and who now suffer from PTSD. They share their narratives during a retreat that Tyler’s father has paid for, hoping it will help them get past their alcoholism. Their memories reveal their codependency and despair, and the hope that in the end at least one of them may make a partial recovery.
Rose Smith is this year’s winner of the Smith
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-star of the Superfoods List!<|endoftext|>It is getting closer to midnight.
On Thursday, the group of scientists who orchestrate the Doomsday Clock, a symbolic instrument informing the public when the earth is facing imminent disaster, moved its minute hand from three to two and a half minutes before the final hour.
It was the closest the clock had been to midnight since 1953, the year after the United States and the Soviet Union conducted competing tests of the hydrogen bomb.
Though scientists decide on the clock’s position, it is not a scientific instrument, or even a physical one. The movement of its symbolic hands is decided upon by the Science and Security Board of the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. The organization introduced the clock on the cover of its June 1947 edition, placing it at seven minutes to midnight. Since then, it has moved closer to midnight and farther away, depending on the board’s conclusions.
Thursday’s announcement was made by Rachel Bronson, the executive director and publisher of the bulletin. She was assisted by the theoretical physicist Lawrence Krauss, the climate scientist and meteorologist David Titley, and the former United States ambassador Thomas Pickering.
Ms. Bronson, in a post-announcement interview, explained why the board had included the 30 second mark in the measurement. She said that it was an attention-catching signal that was meant to acknowledge “what a dangerous moment we’re in, and how important it is for people to take note.”
“We’re so concerned about the rhetoric, and the lack of respect for expertise, that we moved it 30 seconds,” she said. “Rather than create panic, we’re hoping that this drives action.”
In an op-ed for The New York Times, Mr. Titley and Mr. Krauss elaborated on their concerns, citing the increasing threats of nuclear weapons andclimate change, as well as President Trump’s pledges to impede what they see as progress on both fronts, as reasons for moving the clock closer to midnight.
“Never before has the Bulletin decided to advance the clock largely because of the statements of a single person,” they wrote. “But when that person is the new president of the United States, his words matter.”
The board has held the responsibility for the clock’s movements since 1973, when the bulletin’s editor, Eugene Rabinowitch, died. Composed of scientists, and nuclear and climate experts, the board meets biannually to discuss where the clock’s hands should fall in light of world events.
In the 1950s, the scientists feared nuclear annihilation, and since then, the board has begun to consider other existential threats, including climate change, compromised biosecurity and artificial intelligence.
There were crises that the clock was not quick enough to take into account. The Cuban Missile Crisis, for instance, in 1962, did not change the hands of the clock, which at the time stood at seven minutes to midnight.
An explanation on the Bulletin’s website accounts for this seeming lapse in timekeeping: “The Cuban Missile Crisis, for all its potential and ultimate destruction, only lasted a few weeks,” it says. “However, the lessons were quickly apparent when the United States and the Soviet Union installed the first hotline between the two capitals to improve communications, and, of course, negotiated the 1963 test ban treaty, ending all atmospheric nuclear testing.”
The end of the Cold War came as a relief to those who had lived in fear of nuclear annihilation for decades, and the minute hand slowly moved away from danger. In 1990, it was at 10 minutes to midnight. The next year, it was a full 17 minutes away, at the relatively undisturbing time of 11:43.
“The illusion that tens of thousands of nuclear weapons are a guarantor of national security has been stripped away,” the Bulletin said at the time.
But over the next two decades the clock slowly ticked back. Conflict between India and Pakistan, both of whom staged nuclear weapons tests three weeks apart, had the clock at nine minutes to midnight in 1998. By 2007, fears about Iranian and North Korean nuclear capacity had pushed it to 11:55.
By 2015, the scientists were back in a state of unmitigated concern, with the clock at three minutes to midnight, the closest it had been since 1984.
“Unchecked climate change, global nuclear weapons modernizations, and outsized nuclear weapons arsenals pose extraordinary and undeniable threats to the continued existence of humanity,” the bulletin said. “World leaders have failed to act with the speed or on the scale required to protect citizens from potential catastrophe.”
“These failures of political leadership endanger every person on Earth,” it added.<|endoftext|>The number of food controls and the resources allocated to them are dwindling across
Europe. This is the worrying trend that emerges from the report ‘Keeping food in check’,
published today by BEUC, The European Consumer Organisation.
In order to verify that businesses comply with EU food safety and labelling laws, BEUC calls
on governments to increase resources for controls and on the EU Commission to ensure
that Member States’ reporting is complete, easy to access and comparable across
All Member States are required by law to report on their inspection activities every year.
BEUC analysed data on official food controls from 12 countries.2 Here are the main findings:
- With some rare exceptions, human and financial resources for food controls are
decreasing across the EU, as are the number of checks;
- Some control staff have flagged that they lack the necessary resources to carry
out their duties;
- Controls of the foods most likely to cause poisoning – such as eggs, milk and meat – are decreasing;
- Member States’ patchy reporting makes comparisons difficult, if not impossible;
- Member States give low to no priority to labelling checks;
- Few countries choose to publish the results of inspections of individual operators
and to inform consumers about hygiene standards in restaurants and food shops.<|endoftext|>Watching the progress in battery and motor technology over the past ten years, I thought we had come a long way. But every time I look back at what they were doing in the late 1800’s I’m amazed at how little we’ve advanced since then. Or rather, how far ahead they were back then. Those bowler hatted bustle wearing Victorians really had it going on.
A college dropout, living in his parents’ basement, in the late 1800’s Andrew Riker began experimenting with electric vehicles, starting with bikes. In 1884, he designed and built an electric three wheeled car using an English Coventry tricycle. It had a 40 volt lead-acid battery bank under the seat, driving a 1 hp motor, with a 25 mile range at a speed of around 25mph.
Basically, the same thing I’ve come up with 150 years later.
In 1888 (there’s that year again) he founded the Riker Electric Motor Company in Brooklyn, NY, and became the largest manufacturer of electric vehicles at the time. One of his production trikes won a race at Providence, Rhode Island, setting a record for the fastest mile in 2:13, with an average speed of 27mph. It was also one of the first uses of electric lights on motor cars instead of traditional kerosene or coal oil lamps – which tended to be somewhat hazardous during collisions.
These are photos of that production model electric trike, from the Henry Ford Museum. Maybe I should upgrade to leather suede seats and brass gauges . . .
Road Test #1 was just a ride around the neighborhood in the dark, just to make sure everything was wired right.
For the first real test, Road Test #2, I took the bike to long valley next to Shenandoah National Park. The flat road runs along a mountain stream and dead-ends at the park. Not only a nice place to ride, but there’s very little traffic.
Mostly I wanted to see what the thing would do. These motors are intended to be used in various levels of “pedal assist” mode. You do some of the work and the motor does the rest. You adjust the level according to how much work you want to do. To get a sense of the power of the motor and the range of the battery, I did this first test on throttle alone – no pedaling.
Here’s what I learned:
• Top speed on flat ground is 40mph.
• Average speed on throttle alone is around 35mph.
• At these speeds you need goggles – not just for bugs. The wind alone made my eyes water until I couldn’t see.
• A grasshopper in the face at 40mph gets your attention.
• Range at this speed, with no pedaling, is over 30 miles on a single charge.
• Potholes are bad.
Hitting a pothole, my taillight bounced off down the road, and I almost lost the battery. I later reworked the battery bracket to make it more secure, and added some straps for good measure, and replaced the tail light with something more effective.
With the stock sprocket that comes with the motor, 25mph is about as fast as you can pedal comfortably. It’s not that it takes much effort – none at all really – you just can’t move your legs faster. That’s also a reasonable average speed on a bike.
Still, with that as the top end I wasn’t really making good use of all the gears. There was so much reserve power there was almost no need to change gears. The stock sprocket is for general purpose use on a conventional bike, where you might do some off road trail riding. I’ll mostly be riding on roads, so speed and efficiency are more important than raw power.
To extend the range, I replaced the stock sprocket with a larger one. So far, that has let me pedal slower at higher speeds. Will have to see how it does on hills and overall range.
From the beginning, the intention was to see how far an electric powered trike could be pushed as alternative transportation. I even drafted a lightweight aerodynamic shell to make it even more efficient, and more practical in bad weather.
Draft 3D Model of Shell Body
Last month I ordered the various components needed to add the electric power.
You can buy the gear direct from manufacturers, most of whom are in China. But but there are a handful of reputable suppliers in the US who deal with the hassle of quality issues, testing the parts before shipping them out, and who provide both technical expertise and support when problems arise. They also navigate the challenges of figuring out which components work well together. With all the variables in watts, amps, voltage, etc. for every component available, from motors to controllers, batteries and chargers, all the parts have to be made to work within a common range or something will fry.
These dealers have emerged as hubs of rapidly changing information, and most participate in active online forums where builders and suppliers exchange info and results, ranging from bulit-from-scratch prototypes to complete production e-bikes delivered ready to ride.
Some motor configurations are best suited for specific applications. A good dealer can cobble together packages of various compatible parts and then sell them at discount if bought together as a package, reducing shipping costs. This discount allows them to offer expertise, but remain competitive over ordering the parts individually from disparate overseas suppliers. Speaking from experience, it’s very nice to have someone on the other end of a transaction who is invested in making your project work.
I configured and ordered a package from Luna Cycle in California, and give them high marks. They actually make their own batteries, which is a big plus. Not only are these high power batteries expensive, but they can be dangerous if not done properly. Flaws in manufacturing make batteries, especially those cheaply made, a frequent point of failure.
When it comes to electric bikes, motors come in two basic designs. After years of trials and testing, the options have come down to hub motors and mid-drive motors.
Hub motors are cheaper to make and easier to install. A hub motor can be ordered pre-built into a spoked wheel, sized to fit your bike. This allows someone with very little mechanical know-how to simply swap out the original wheel that came on a bike for a new motorized one. Plug in a battery and controller, and you can be on the road in an hour or two, tops. The components are weatherproof and reliable. For all this convenience, you give up some power and efficiency, but it’s very easy to do with a bike you already own.
The other option is a mid-drive system. While hub motors simply apply power to turn a wheel, mid-drive motors are installed inline on the frame to apply power to the chain at the front sprocket. These are more troublesome to install. You have to disassemble and remove the pedal drive parts of the bike and replace them with the new electric motor+pedal combination. It requires some specific bike tools. The size of the parts have to be ordered to fit your bike frame, and even then some customization can be required to make it all work.
But, if you have the patience, or just need more power, the advantages of a mid-drive system make the effort worth it. A mid-drive motor adds a tremendous amount of power where the power is designed to be – at the pedals – and the existing gear set on the rear wheel remains intact. That’s the key. The gears become an efficient transmission system so the motor works at optimum efficiency. Gear down as needed to accelerate or climb steep hills. Gear up to maintain speed at the upper end of the range where you don’t need much torque.
I had to use a 6 foot length of pipe for enough leverage to remove the bottom bracket on the trike. It had already started to corrode in place. I also had to machine some parts to make a mount strong enough to hold the battery securely. And had to cold forge a stainless steel bracket into shape to brace the motor, otherwise the tremendous torque it applies could make it spin in the frame.
This project has been in the wings for a while. I just recently started work in earnest, and the results have been really interesting, so am ready to share some details.
I’ve been following advances in small, efficient electric motors and battery technology, particularly when applied to alternative forms of transportation. It’s been a hot topic for the past decade, though mostly among esoteric backyard tinkerers and hobbyists.
Much progress was driven by robotics programs at universities and advanced technology high schools, national engineering competitions, and even the military. Lately it’s been breaking more mainstream, especially in areas like electric bicycles, where there is a large worldwide market to make the economics of mass production both affordable and profitable.
A few years ago I bought a recumbent trike with the idea of using it as a project.
I’ve missed riding a conventional two wheel bike. At my age, the discomfort in neck and wrists and butt took the joy out of it, so I mostly gave it up. A recumbent was a viable alternative that could get me back on the road again, and it’s been great fun as just a human powered bike. Very comfortable – you essentially have a reclining lounger wherever you go. Very fast on flat ground, and it screams going downhill, because the profile is so low there’s far less wind resistance than a conventional bike. And in some ways it’s safer – balance is not an issue, and you don’t have far to fall if you go over.
Added benefit: I could easily strap on a basket so my little buddy could ride along. He loved to ride along.
There are tradeoffs, though. Being so low to the ground means you have less visibility – both to see and be seen. When climbing hills, you can’t stand up on the pedals to use your weight for driving the pedals. It requires all leg muscle. Gearing down works fine – I can climb mountains – but speed over ground is reduced to a crawl. When Terri and I go for rides – she on her two-wheel hybrid mountain bike, and me on the trike – she kicks my butt going up hills. Then I fly past her going down. She’s also more mobile, able to make sharper turns and go off road on rough ground and narrow paths, while I am pretty much confined to smooth wide trails and paved roads.
But, still, I get to ride again. The tradeoffs were anticipated. And a fast trike makes a good platform to experiment with electric power. Though some issues are not easily overcome, like visibility in traffic, adding electric pedal assist will eliminate the hill climbing issue.<|endoftext|>Heart Tests May Pose Radiation Risks
Many types of tests are used to assess a person’s heart attack risk or to diagnose coronary heart disease. Some of these tests use ionizing radiation to produce highly detailed images of the heart and its arteries.
These tests, known as heart-imaging studies, are valuable and no doubt save lives. At the same time, experts have expressed concerns, about the potential cancer risks from the radiation required to perform them.
Read on to learn why ionizing radiation can pose a risk, which imaging tests expose you to radiation and how much, and what you and your doctor can do to minimize the risks.
What is ionizing radiation?
Ionizing radiation consists of energy waves and particles that are able to travel through the body the way light and radio signals travel through the air. Radiation is present in very low levels in our environment—for example, from soil, rocks, radon, and outer space. Consumer products like TVs and cell phones also emit small amounts of radiation. But most of our exposure comes from medical imaging tests that involve the use of X-rays or radioactive substances.
At very high doses—such as during the atomic bomb blasts of World War II—radiation is known to damage DNA in human cells and cause cancer. Even though the amount of radiation used in medical tests is much smaller and the risk of cancer much lower, no radiation dose has been deemed completely safe.
The number of medical tests performed annually in the United States using ionizing radiation more than doubled between 1980 and 2006, according to a study published in Radiology. Almost half of these tests were done on people with cardiovascular disease.
A separate study involving nearly one million people, published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology in 2010, found that one in 10 adults underwent at least one cardiac imaging procedure with radiation exposure during the three-year study period. The study found that with advancing age came an increasingly higher proportion of radiation dose from imaging procedures.
The tests in question
Tests that employ ionizing radiation include nuclear medicine stress tests, coronary angiography, coronary artery calcium scans (CAC), and coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA).
• A nuclear medicine stress test starts out like a standard stress test in which exercise or medication is used to increase your heart rate. But then a radioactive substance (either thallium-201 or technetium-99m) is injected into a vein and travels to your heart, where it can be detected with a special camera. The amount of the radioactive material that appears in different parts of the heart can show which areas of the heart may not be getting enough blood.
• Coronary angiography involves taking X-rays of the heart or blood vessels after injecting a contrast agent into the coronary arteries. The contrast agent is injected through a very small tube inserted into the groin.
• A CAC scan is a noninvasive test that uses specialized computed tomography to detect calcium deposits found within plaque in the coronary arteries. The amount of coronary artery calcium is a meaningful predictor of future cardiac events.
• CCTA produces high-resolution, three-dimensional pictures of the moving heart and vessels to determine if plaque has built up in the coronary arteries. Before the test, an iodine-containing contrast dye is injected into the patient’s arm.
How much is too much?
Even though the dose of radiation used during one cardiac imaging study is unlikely to cause problems, there is a cumulative effect
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the credits roll.
9. Editing Mastery: Stitching the Story Together
Editors are the architects of pacing and emotion. They piece together scenes to create a seamless narrative flow, ensuring that every frame serves a purpose.
10. Sound Engineering: Creating Immersive Experiences
Sound engineers use their expertise to transport audiences into the heart of the action. From subtle whispers to thunderous explosions, sound is a powerful storytelling tool.
11. VFX Marvels: The Digital Wizardry
In the age of CGI, visual effects artists wield digital brushes to create breathtaking landscapes, mythical creatures, and mind-bending visuals that push the boundaries of imagination.
12. Marketing the Movie: Trailers and Teasers
The journey doesn’t end with the final cut. Marketing teams craft trailers and teasers that ignite curiosity and anticipation, setting the stage for a film’s release.
13. Challenges in Filmmaking
Despite the magic, filmmaking is not without its challenges. Budget constraints, creative differences, and unforeseen obstacles are hurdles that filmmakers navigate to bring their vision to life.
14. Iconic Movie Moments: Case Studies
Delve into the iconic moments that define cinema history. From the shower scene in “Psycho” to the “I’m flying” moment in “Titanic,” these instances showcase the power of filmmaking to etch memories into our minds.
15. Future Trends in Movie Production
As technology evolves, so does the art of filmmaking. Explore the future trends shaping the industry, from virtual reality experiences to interactive storytelling.
Decoding movie magic unveils the collaborative efforts and intricate processes that transform a vision into a cinematic masterpiece. From the written word to the silver screen, every step in filmmaking is a brushstroke on the canvas of storytelling.
1. How long does it take to make a movie?
The time to make a movie varies, with factors like budget, complexity, and pre-production requirements influencing the timeline.
2. Are all movie sets built from scratch?
While some sets are purpose-built, others utilize existing locations. It depends on the film’s requirements and the director’s vision.
3. What challenges do filmmakers face during production?
Filmmakers may encounter challenges such as budget constraints, scheduling issues, and unexpected obstacles that require creative solutions.
4. How do filmmakers choose film scores?
Filmmakers collaborate with composers to choose or create music that complements the tone and emotions of the movie.
5. What is the role of visual effects in modern filmmaking?
Visual effects enhance storytelling by creating realistic or fantastical elements that may be challenging or impossible to achieve practically.<|endoftext|>Focus on the pronunciation of recede
English definition of “recede”
/rɪˈsiːd/ verb [I]
› to get lower in value, amount, or number: Opposition to privatisation and foreign investment is receding in response to the shock of recession. Although oil prices receded somewhat in June, they rose again this week.<|endoftext|>Meteosat. Temperatura Top delle Nubi
La temperatura del top delle nubi su parte dell'Europa centro-occidentale e il vicino atlantico in questa immagine (animata) all'infrarosso (canale IR) del satellite MSG (Meteosat Second Generation) di Eumetsat elaborata da Sat24.
Animazioni all'infrarosso con focus sulla temperatura del top delle nubi, ovvero la temperatura della loro sommità. E' ciò che viene visto dal radiometro a bordo del satellite Meteosat, come sempre. Ma viene effettuata una post-elaborazione con i colori per meglio evidenziare le parti più fredde, che hanno più probabilità di essere associate a nubi più intense (e quindi piovose).<|endoftext|>Reading is the best way to improve your language skills. Our advisor Zhang Tianruo (currently an associate researcher of the Central Institute of Educational Sciences and a research fellow of the Shanghai Normal University Institute of Education, is the editor-in-chief of the “New Century Compulsory Education Language Textbook” by the Central Institute of Education, and the president of the National Center for Literacy Teaching Research. Major scientific research achievements: 1 • Edited five sets of primary school language literacy textbooks for national use 2. Engaged in elementary school language teaching research and experiments for fifty-five years (including literacy reading composition aspects). “Step-by-step practice” emphasizes the importance of mass reading.
Observe my child’s experience of language learning in the Malaysian trilingual environment. Their English is better than Chinese, and the most feared and disliked language is Malay. One of the main reasons why English is good is that my young lady sent them to participate in the “KUMON” English course, a series of loose-leaf exercises, a complete reading system, and twice-weekly readings formed a good reading habit. My son took only one week after graduating from high school to participate in the IELTS test, achieving excellent results of 8.5 over 9. This is all related to good reading ability. I had long thought of writing a set of Chinese and Malay-language tutorials similar to “KUMON”. It was influenced by the cultural publishing business that my grandfather Yao Tao had previously engaged in. After years of accumulated experience and materials, I developed a web-reading tutorial based on my expertise in online education systems. This tutorial is divided into mother tongue and non-native Chinese. The non-native speakers are Hanban’s HSK 1-6 vocabulary for Chinese language proficiency test. The classification number is HSK 1-HSK 6. The mother tongue is based on Chinese language textbooks and is classified Y1-Y12 (Year 1-Year 12).
My idea is that students read five to seven articles and exercises every week for about twenty minutes each time. The online test will automatically record the time and results used, and students can repeat the test for better and faster. I spent a lot of energy on the answers to the questions. These explanations will be displayed immediately after you submit. . The non-native HSK 1-HSK 4 gives an English vocabulary explanation. HSK 5- HSK 6 and Y1-Y12 (Year 1- Year 12) give bilingual explanations in English and Chinese. These explanations are based on the dictionary and my vocabulary. In the English annotation of Chinese, I have collected nearly 8,000 new words, which account for 10% of the 800000 words in the Oxford Dictionary. An accurate bilingual interpretation can achieve a multiplier effect. This is my best effort. Students should prepare a notebook, copy the words of the annotations, raise hands to improve memory, and make up for the lack of hands-on learning in network tests.
Student who is good in Chinese should challenge themselves to accurately translate Chinese into English. Student who is good in English, of course, need to improve your Chinese proficiency and accurately use Chinese vocabulary. We are here to teach you Chinese. In many cases, a simple Chinese character cannot find an accurate English explanation. For example, there are 26 kinds of meaning related with “打”. Another example: “热心 Hot Heart (literal translation)” is “warm-hearted” ; “热心肠Hot Heart & Intestine (literal translation)” is “warm-heartedness; a warm-hearted (or sympathetic) and helpful person”. “热血Hot blood (literal translation)” is “spirit of devotion to a righteous cause”. This actually represents the characteristics of different languages. Using my method, you can kill two birds with one stone, why not do it? Students should prepare a notebook, copy the words and annotations, move hands to write will improve your memory, and make up the weakness of lack of hands-on learning in online tests and quiz.
With a bit of selfishness, the mother tongue course begins with Y5, because my daughter is a student in the fifth grade. Other levels will be introduced one after another. My talent is evasive and shallow, trying my best to venture. Please give me advice from teachers and experts. The accumulation of knowledge always stands on the basis of predecessors. Course materials were collected from the Internet and Hanban free textbooks. In addition to our experience, we will use bilingual interpretation to achieve better learning results to adapt to the promotion of oversea Chinese teaching. If there is infringement, please provide information and evidence and we will contact you.
观察我的子女在马来西亚三语环境中学习语言的经历。他们英语好过汉语，最惧怕和不喜欢的是马来语。英语好的一个主要原因是从小我太太就送他们参加 “KUMON” 的英语课程，一系列的活页练习，形成一套完整阅读系统，每周两次雷打不动的阅读形成了一种良好的阅读习惯。我的儿子在高中毕业后只准备了一个星期就参加雅思考试，取得了8.5 over 9 的优秀成绩。这都和阅读能力好有关。我很早就有编写完成一套类似”KUMON”的汉语和马来语教程的想法，受我我外公姚拓以前从事的文化出版事业影响吧。在多年的积累经验和材料后，我以我所专长的网络教育系统，开发出网络阅读教程。这套教程汉语分成母语和非母语。非母语以汉办的汉语水平考试HSK 1-6 词汇为参考分级，分类编号为HSK 1-HSK 6。母语类以中国政府的语文教材为依据，分类编号为Y1-Y12 (Year 1- Year 12)。
我的设想是学生每个星期阅读五到七篇文章和练习，每次二十分钟左右。网上测试会自动记录所用时间和成绩，学生可重复测试以期更好更快。我花了很多精力在问题答案的注解上。这些解释会在你提交后即时显示。。非母语类HSK 1-HSK 4 给出英语词汇解释。HSK 5- HSK 6 和母语类Y1-Y12 (Year 1- Year 12) 给出英语和汉语双语解释。这些解释均参照词典以及我的词汇积累。在汉语的英语注释方面，我已收集了近8000条新词语，占牛津词典80000词的10%，准确的双语解释可以达到事半功倍的效果，这算是尽我的微薄之力吧。
汉语好的学生应该挑战一下自己能否准确地把汉语翻译成英语。英语好的学生当然要提高你的汉语水平和准确的选用汉语词汇。我们在这里主要是教你汉语的。很多时候，一个简单的汉字，却找不到准确的英语解释。比如打就有26种词义。“热心”热心 warm-hearted; Enthusiastic: 热心肠 warm-heartedness; a warm-hearted (or sympathetic) and helpful person 热血 spirit of devotion to a righteous cause。 这其实代表不同语言的特点。如果你能一石二鸟、举一反三，何乐而不为呢？学生应该准备一个笔记本，把注释的词语抄写下来，动手提高记忆，也弥补网络测试缺少动手习写的不足。
Share with your friends :<|endoftext|>September 25, 2012
Two Webb Telescope Mirrors Arrive At NASA Goddard
Lee Rannals for redOrbit.com — Your Universe Onlineaccording to the space agency.
Ball Aerospace in Boulder, Colorado is building Webb's optical technology and lightweight mirror system.
The company shipped the first two mirrors in custom containers on September 17. The containers were designed specifically for the multiple trips the mirrors made through eight states.
The remaining 16 mirrors will be making their way from Ball Aerospace to Goddard over the next 12 months, according to NASA.
"These first two completed flight mirror assemblies arriving at Goddard are an important first step leading towards the integration of the mirrors onto the flight structure," Lee Feinberg, NASA Optical Telescope Element Manager for the James Webb Space Telescope, said in a statement. "These delivered flight mirrors meet their requirements, which is great news for Webb telescope being able to fulfill its scientific potential."
The space agency said one of the telescope's goals is to peek back through time when galaxies were young, and see far-off and faint objects.
The telescope's sensitivity to how much detail it can see is directly related to the size of the mirror area that collects light from the objects being observed. A larger area collects more light, similar to how a larger bucket collects more water.
Scientists working on Webb determined that a primary mirror 21-feet, 4-inches is what was needed to measure the light from distant galaxies.
Each of the 18 hexagonal-shaped mirror assemblies that make up the primary mirror measures 4.2-feet across and weighs about 88 pounds.
Webb will be they first space astronomy observatory to use an actively-controlled, segmented mirror. The telescope will be studying every phase of the universe's history, as well as planets capable of supporting life.<|endoftext|>大功率数控激光切割机设备简介
这里为大家收集一些关于大功率数控激光切割机设备简介的一些资料，希望能帮助到您！
先了解一下激光切割机知识：
圆弧加工误差
由于惯性作用，x轴运动将滞后与Z轴运动，为分析这种滞后现象对加工影响，将
仿真加工半径l5mm. X, Z两轴加工速度为300mm1s时的圆弧加工过程。ADAMS仿
真结果图，(s)为激光头轨迹结果图，(b)为数据处理后的轨迹图.由图
3-17 (b)可已看出，激光头轨迹路径与理想圆具有偏差.因误差很小以至于在图(a)
中不能看出。分析发现，在300和214.度附近时，圆弧半径小于15mm，在l20。和
3000附近时，加工圆弧半径大于I 5mm，轨迹路线为具有长短轴的椭圆形状。这种误
差造成是由3}, }轴动态响应引起的，随着加工速度提高，椭回特征将会更加明显，即
圆度误差会变大。横梁轻量化设计是提高X轴动态响应能力、减小滞后现象有效方法，
是激光切割机高速化、高精度发展关键技术。
激光切割机横梁拓扑优化参数定义和设t
i.设计变量定义
本文采用SIMI?密度法的拓扑优化设计，将连续体离散为有限元模型后，以每个单
元的，’单元密度”作为设计变量，将结构的拓扑优化问题转化为单元材料最佳分布问题。
2.定义拓扑优化响应
拓扑优化的响应就是从优化计算的每一步迭代计算中提取某些结果，可以把这些响
应或响应的组合作为约束条件或优化目标[[62,63]。在}ptistruet软件I}1中，常用的响应有:
质量和体积、质量分数和设计区体积分数、加权特征值倒数、加权柔度、组合柔度指数
等。激光切割机横梁拓扑优化定义了四个响应;一是结构体积分数响应;二是组合柔度
指数响应:三是静态位移响应:四是频率响应;其中静态位移和频率响应为子工况响应。
3.定义约束条件
本文约束条件:第一阶频率大于SOHz;第一阶、第三阶、第五阶、第七阶、第八
阶和第十一阶固有频率平均值大于108Hz;静态位移最大为0.04mm;体积分数最大值
为03。
篮球现金下注激光篮球现金下注简介：
篮球现金下注激光，作为激光教学的探索者，篮球现金下注以业内强大的研发实力，并以每年近千万的研发经费有力保
障新产品的高效研制和成熟产品的稳定性能，为教育实践提供专业、易用、适用教学的个性化激光解决方案，推动激光教学
发展的同时，培养精通数控、激光、软件、材料、应用等复合型人才，服务区域经济的发展，并赢得了北京高校金工研究理
事会单位、华东高校学企联合会常务理事单位、西北地区高校工程训练研究会企业理事单位、华南地区高校工程训练研究会
企业理事单位、华南地区高校工程训练研究会企业理事单位、高校工程训练研究会企业理事单位、第一、二、三、四届全国
大学生综合能力竞赛激光设备赞助商、全国高校创客教育联盟发起单位之一等荣誉。
设备产品介绍：
篮球现金下注激光F3015JDE型号光纤切割机是一款冷轧钢和热轧钢纤维激光。不锈钢卷切割与开卷机一起工作，矫直机，用于插入预切板的辊道，送料机，篮球现金下注激光切割机，成品零件卸料系统。
一种激光切管设备：本实用新型涉及管料切割技术领域，尤其涉及一种激光切管设备，包括机床、激光切割装置、上料装置和下料装置，激光切割装置安装于机床，上料装置设置于机床一侧，下料装置设置于机床的出料方向；机床上滑设有第一夹料装置，机床靠近激光切割装置的一端设有第二夹料装置；上料装置包括上料架、上料臂机构和驱动机构，上料臂机构和驱动机构均安装于上料架，驱动机构与上料臂机构驱动连接，下料装置包括倾斜设置下料板，下料板开设有废料口，废料口内侧铰接有废料板，废料板下方连接有支撑组件。本实用新型通过设置上料装置和下料装置，减小了管料切割的劳动力投入，提高了管料切割的加工效率。
来自客户的评判：
今年9月份在篮球现金下注厂家购买了一台板管激光切割机，使用正常，前期在青岛展会考察了很多厂家，是篮球现金下注的性价比打动了我，本想着年尾上设备，后来正好手头上活越来越多所以购买了设备，从订机到设备使用，短短一个月时间，销售人员给催的紧，所以才能这么快用上，售后人员专业，在安装调试过程中问及了很多问题，售后耐心讲解，后期不懂得也会开视频讲解，设备运行了两个多月一点问题都没有，感谢篮球现金下注厂家，合作共赢。
我购买的的是三米乘一
|
2,996 | 4 | 2 |
PR和LPR的进攻，但俄罗斯将有罪，当俄罗斯试图向Donbass提供军事援助时，它将受到新的制裁。<|endoftext|>Motivasyon Kampı
Türk Tıp Öğrencileri Birliği 8-9 Şubat 2020
SDÜ Türk Tıp Öğrencileri Birliği (TurkMSIC) Topluluğu öğrencileri topluluk üyelerinin motivasyonları artırmak, bahar döneminde topluluk faaliyetleri ile ilgili yeni fikirler üretmek ve topluluk yöneticileri tarafından temel sosyal beceriler hakkında bilgilendirme yapmak amacıyla 8-9 Şubat 2020 tarihlerinde Eğirdir Nafiz Yürekli Anadolu Lisesi Uygulama Oteli'nde "Motivasyon Kampı" düzenleniyor.<|endoftext|>May 16, 2014 by MaryBeth
By Steve Swain
In the United States today, lotteries are run by 46 jurisdictions: 43 states plus the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and (US) Virgin Islands. Hot Lotto. Decades of Dollars. Wild Card 2. 2by2. MegaHits. Tri-State. Mega Millions. Powerball . Win for Life. Pick 10. Mid-day Numbers. MatchPlay. The list is almost endless.
More Americans than ever before are playing lotteries, bringing in $56 billion in 2011 alone. Funds from these lotteries are earmarked to pay for education, environmental protection, senior citizen programs, juvenile detention facilities and various public services. This is much needed revenue that is not available from the multitude of income, property, estate and use taxes.
But U.S. lotteries are by no means a recent phenomena. Lotteries in Colonial America were plentiful and an exceptionally effective method for the colonies to raise funds required for military payrolls, schools, bridges, street repairs, etc.
Massachusetts – The First Colonial Lottery
The first authorized lottery in Colonial America took place in Boston Massachusetts in 1745. Colonists had already been subjected to unusually high poll and estate taxes, but significant military debt, among other obligations, was still outstanding. On January 9, 1745, the General Court passed an act that provided for the payment of debt, "in a manner the least burdensome to the inhabitants," that is, by a lottery.
Illustrated here is a ticket from the first Massachusetts lottery. Notice that the year on the ticket is 1744, not 1745. The new year did not officially begin in Britain until the Incarnation of Christ which was celebrated on March 25th. Most individuals, institutions and even the newspapers had long recognized and used January 1st as the date on which the new year started, but legally it was not until 1752 that England officially adopted January 1st as the first day of the new year. As such, ever though the lottery act was passed on January 9, 1745, tickets that were printed and sold over the next months had a date of “1744.”
Sheets of 25,000 tickets were printed in three segments. The left segment was called the “benefit” segment, that is, the piece of the ticket that was to be pooled with all possible winning segments and hopefully chosen as the winning (“benefit”) piece at the eventual lottery drawing.
The center segment was the piece retained by the lottery official as a match to the purchased ticket. The right, larger segment was the actual ticket with the words "Massachusetts Government Lottery." The tickets were numbered consecutively 1-25,000 with the left and center segments, or stubs, given the same number as the attached ticket. Of the 25,000 tickets 5,422 were designated as "benefit" or winning tickets, a better than 1 out of five odds.
When a ticket was sold, one of the lottery directors signed the ticket and then cut it out along the left side of the design area and gave the ticket to the purchaser. This cut was purposefully curved and was called an “indent”, as seen in the below examples.
The idea was that each ticket would have a unique curve that would perfectly join the indent on the center segment of the ticket, the “stub” that the lottery director kept. The intent was to prevent counterfeiters from making false tickets or altering the number of a loosing ticket.
Several days before the drawing, the left-side benefit segments were separated from the indented center stub pieces and placed into a strong box with five locks and seals. Benefit stubs from unsold tickets would also be placed in the box, thus accounting for all possible numbers between 1 and 25,000.
The process was to continue all day. If the lottery could not be completed in one day, the box was relocked and sealed and the drawings would continue on the succeeding day (except Sunday) until all the tickets had been announced.
Once the winners had presented their tickets, they were to be paid within 40 days. Interestingly, 20% of the winnings was collected as a tax "for the use and service of this government." Thus, the winners were only were given 80% of their winnings.
If, for some reason, the colony needed to delay payment for a winning ticket, the winner would receive a “promise to pay” certificate, such as the one illustrated here, which could be redeemed at a later time with the addition of interest earned on the original winning amount.
By all accounts, the first colonial lottery in Massachusetts was a success. Thus, shortly thereafter, Rhode Island initiated their first lottery for the purpose of acquiring funds to build a bridge across the Weybosset River in Providence. Many other colonies followed suit and eventually 164 authorized colonial lotteries existed up to the outbreak of the Revolutionary War.
Rhode Island Lotteries
Rhode Island had the most lotteries with 82. Each lottery could have several “classes.” For example, on February 23, 1761, a petition to the Rhode Island General Assembly was received from several of the inhabitants of Providence requesting a lottery so that the profits could be used to pave the streets of that city.
The repair work was to be accomplished in three steps and, thus, three “classes” of lotteries. The proceeds of the first class lottery would be used to pave from the bridge towards uptown as far as the money would allow. Proceeds from the second class lottery would be used to pave from the bridge down town. Finally there would be a third class lottery to subsidize the paving from the bridge westward over Weybosset.
The lottery ticket illustrated here is from the second class of the Providence Street Lottery, No. II, February, 1761.
A scarce Rhode Island lottery ticket is the one below from the Providence Meeting House Lottery. The lottery’s stated purpose was "For Repairing etc. the Presbyterian or Congregational Meeting-House in Said Town." It is a $2 1/2 Winning ticket, with the prize award amount and endorsement noted on its blank reverse.
Some of the more ornately designed lottery tickets were produced by the various cities in the Pennsylvania colony. This is a January 1, 1796, “Canal Lottery, No. Two” ticket from Philadelphia.
It is not signed in the lower right hand corner by “Secretary”, but rather states “Company” and is notated “100 Ds” (dollars), in the upper left-hand corner. This “company” tag and the $100 amount clearly indicates this was a winning ticket in the drawing to be paid to the agreed upon “company” that purchased the ticket.
Continental Congress Lotteries – A Failure
The lottery trend continued quite actively throughout the Revolutionary War and the Confederation period. One of the most significant developments was the creation of “national” lotteries organized by the Continental Congress.
However, in stark contrast to the success lotteries found on the state and the local levels, the national lottery was a dismal failure. On November 18, 1776, the Continental Congress enacted a national lottery in four classes, consisting of 100,000 tickets in each class. From this seemingly well designed, elaborate lottery, It was calculated the Congress would obtain $1,500,000 from the four classes, a considerable amount of money in 1776.
A ticket from the First Class lottery is illustrated below.
Sales of tickets for the first class lottery were far slower than expected, forcing the lottery officials to postpone the drawing several times. Distribution problems in selling and publicizing the lottery was a significant issue throughout the country.
Finally on May 1, 1778, the drawing was begun with only 20,433 of the 100,000 tickets sold. When the final tickets were drawn on May 27th, about 36,500 of the $10 tickets had been sold. Of course the government owned the remaining tickets and is estimated to have ended up with a net loss of more than $72,000!
This losses continued with the other classes of the lotteries for a host of mismanagement reasons. But most importantly, the problem was compounded by the greatly depreciated value of the continental dollar during these years.
At the completion of the first class lottery in May of 1778, it took 2-5 Continental dollars to equal one dollar in actual exchange value. By the completion of the second class lottery in June of 1779, it took from 13-20 Continental dollars. By the completion of the drawing a year later, the rate of exchange was over $1,000 in Continental bills to $1 in actual exchange value.
The final calculation for the government’s winnings from the entire lottery was less than $100,000, a small fraction of the anticipated proceeds of $1,500,000.
For additional insight into the Colonial America lotteries and the failure of the Continental Congress lottery, see: John Samuel Ezell, Fortune's Merry Wheel: The Lottery in America, Cambridge, MA: Harvard, 1960; and specifically on the Continental Congress lotteries, Lucius Wilmarding, "The United States Lottery," The New York Historical Society Quarterly, 47 (1963) 5-39.
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You must be logged in to post a comment.<|endoftext|>Archer Alexander was born into slavery on a Virginia plantation around 1813. He moved to St. Louis and was hired out to work in a brickyard from 1833 to 1836. Alexander married another slave named Louisa, and he was sold to her owner, James Hollman, who had a farm in St. Charles, Missouri. Alexander gained the trust of his new master and became an overseer on the plantation where he and his family were forced to work.
Path to Freedom
In this position, Alexander heard conversations about abolition and emancipation and outgrew "the spirit of bondage." Alexander also overheard his master, who "was not particularly what one would most likely call a loyal man," brag about sabotaging a bridge after the Jefferson Barracks affair in order to slow the movement of Union troops moving out of St. Louis. Alexander slipped out of his slave cabin and waited near the bridge in order to warn a detachment of Union forces that was scheduled to move across it, and quite possibly saved their lives. Hollman learned of Alexander's actions and confined him to an empty building until punishment could be decided upon. Afraid for his life, Alexander escaped that night and met up with a group of runaway slaves, only to be caught by a band of bounty hunters. However, Alexander was able to escape again through good fortune and the fact that the bounty hunters celebrated with excessive amounts of alcohol. Alexander fled to St. Louis and found himself in a market square confused, lost, and with no money or a place to go.
Luckily, Abigail Eliot, the wife of William Greenleaf Eliot, a local minister and chancellor of Washington University, hired Alexander to carry her bags home from the market. William Eliot, who had previously stated in a sermon that he would never return a runaway to the bonds of slavery, hired Alexander to tend the grounds and garden of his home on Beaumont Place. At this time, Missouri was under martial law, and slaves could not be returned to their masters unless the master signed a loyalty oath. The provost marshal (military police) commander, Lt. Col. Dick, gave Alexander a 30-day pass to work for Eliot and was placed under military protection. One day before the pass expired, Hollman sent three slave catchers to kidnap Alexander, who beat him mercilessly and took him to a small jail on the corner of Sixth and Chestnut streets. Eliot enlisted the help of Capt. Dwight, who was "no friend of slavery," of the provost marshal's office and two police officers, who went to the jail, freed Alexander, and placed the slave catchers under arrest.
The provost marshal gave Alexander another pass on March 27, 1863, and Eliot attempted to contact Hollman through third-party letters via Judge Bates in order purchase Alexander so he could be emancipated. However, these letters were never answered. Alexander temporarily moved to Alton, Illinois, where his freedom would be guaranteed, but soon moved back to Beaumont Place to work for Eliot. Eliot helped Alexander remain free, and before long his wife and child escaped and joined him. They were all ultimately freed when Missouri's state convention passed an immediate emancipation law on January 11, 1865.
Download the PDF version.<|endoftext|>Say you've just created an application, and it uses a new type of file. This new type of file will be identified by its very own file extension, associated with the new app.
For example, you might use a ".snapper" file extension, even though the file itself is just "xml".
The ".snapper" filename is not very helpful to a user, as it hides the fact that this is an xml file. The only way for a person to work out that this is an xml file, would be to look inside.
Conversely, a ".xml" file extension would be unhelpful to the operating system, as it hides the fact that this is a snapper file. Again, the only way to work out that this is a snapper file, would be to look inside, and find the schema that this document matches (if any) (knowing me, probably none... sorry).
And this is a common scenario, particularly with variations of xml files.
So i'm suggesting a new micro-format, and this micro-format has nothing to do with the current microformat buzz on the internet. This is to do with multiple file extensions, set theory, cascading inheritance, and all sorts of tricky stuff. Yet it's very simple.
You can pick it up in under a minute.
Instead of just one file extension, why not give a file a whole bunch of file extensions, starting with the least specific and ending with the most specific!
An over the top example would be:
What does this file name mean?
- Everything before the first dot is the name itself.
- After the first dot we have the most general type of the file: it's a text file.
- Then we have a more specific rule: it's an sgml file.
- Then a more specific fact again: this particular sgml file is xml.
- Then a more specific fact again: this particular xml file is of type 'snapper'.
Now this could be useful if, for example, the only verb defined for
.snapper files is 'open', but the 'edit' verb is defined for
Or maybe on your system, you don't know how to edit
xml files, but
you do know how to edit text files. Then, right clicking on the file
in windows explorer, you'd not only have the choice to open the file
with TimeSnapper, for example, but also to edit it with a text
Today we often layer a specific format inside a general open format. And general open formats are built upon more general, more open, formats. (We could be fancy and call it some kind of aristotelian hierarchical classification system... but it's been too long since i read sophie's world, so i'm not gonna keep pretending i remember that stuff)
Anyway, I came up with this idea for a different reason altogether.
Bloody Polyglotics Again!
What if a file combined two languages, intermingled in the one document. For example, what if a file could be opened both as a valid sql file, say, and as a seXml file. Or as a C# file, and a seXml file.
There's a technical name for a program that can be compiled by two different compilers, and after a lot of googling i tracked it down... polyglot!
A more general case: what about files that contain multiple discrete syntaxes in a single document. A common example: a Valid html file might also be a valid xml file. You want to view it as html, but you want to edit it as xml.
(Okay we have the xhtml extension for that... but if we invent new extensions for every combination of two or more existing extensions, we'll be looking at a lot of extensions within the next ten thousand years.)
(In this last case, the applications would need to be clever enough to know the data they're interested in, and to avoid the data they're not interested in. But it's kind a possible.)
(What i'd like to see is a codegenerator that spits out all types of files (it might create ".cs" files, ".config" files, ".sql" files and everything else). But by adding other names earlier in the list ".wscg.cs", ".wscg.config", ".wscg.sql", it can still reserve the right to edit these file types... even though it knows nothing about them. Provided it knows how comments work in the target format, it can embed it's own iXml or seXml tags amongst these comments.... possibly providing enough information to re-generate the files, and identify user edited portions...)
Well, that's my 'microformat' idea of the day. It's only micro-useful, so don't micro-flame me.
A follow on thought from this was covered in yesterday's iXml post.
[Update: renamed as 'Cascading File Types' based on comment from Jonno. Cheers Jonno!]Next → ← Previous
I'm currently writing a book about how to build your first product. If building a product is something you'd like to do, then sign up to be notified when the book is available.<|endoftext|>本文给大家谈谈吗菲相关的知识点，希望对各位有所帮助，不要忘了收藏本站喔。
吗菲|四水合铜离子其次化工设备中在换热器方面的话，也有列管式、板式换热器以及蛇管换热器等；就加热炉而言的话，又可以看到有电加热炉、管式裂解炉以及废热锅炉等种类；还有包括结晶设备在内的，它的溶液结晶器、熔融结晶器等；*后的话就是其他各种各样的专用化工设备了。尤其是对于红霉素药物制作过程当中的原材料黄豆饼粉还有玉米浆以及*铵等等都会制造出很多的泡沫来，而且产生泡沫的环节主要是在培养基消毒以及通气的阶段会产生出较多的气泡。但是用均相催化剂反应时，存在的共同问题是产物分离困难，催化剂不能重复使用。
1、硝酸钾是氮、钾两元复合肥，其中氮是13.5，钾是46.算是高浓度的钾肥了。它用于斐林试剂和班氏试剂中检验还原糖。l以上，因此抗冲击负荷的能力非常强；
B由于生物处理后的泥
|
2,996 | 4 | 3 |
مامان مسن معلمان و دانش آموزان.
این آموزگار با موهای سرخ و دانش آموز شکننده کلاس را تعطیل کرده و یک فعالیت لزبین وحشی را انجام می دهد که آنها را با ارگاسم جت سرگیجه ترک می کند. ابتدا دانش آموز جوان با یک جت تمام می شود و بعد معلم هم سکس مامان مسن همین کار را می کند.<|endoftext|>Range & Habitat
Uromastyx are found in the desert, inhabiting a range stretching through most of North Africa, the Middle East, and across south-central Asia and into India.
Like many reptiles, these lizards' colors change according to the temperature; during cool weather they appear dull and dark but the colors become lighter in warm weather, especially when basking; the darker pigmentation allows their skin to soak up more sunlight. Their spiked tail is muscular and heavy, and can be swung at an attacker with great velocity, usually accompanied by hissing and an open-mouthed display of (small) teeth. Uromastyx generally sleep in their burrows with their tails closest to the opening, in order to prevent intruders.
They spend most of their waking hours basking in the sun, hiding in underground chambers at daytime or when danger appears. They tend to establish themselves in hilly, rocky areas with good shelter and accessible vegetation.
A female Uromastyx can lay anywhere from 5 to 40 eggs, depending on age and species. Eggs are laid approximately 30 days following copulation with an incubation time of 70-80 days. Wild females are smaller and less colorful than males.
In the Wild: Although they primarily eat plants, they occasionally will eat insects. In the Zoo: the uromastyx eats a fruit and vegetable salad or greens salad.
IUCN 2009. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2009.2. 2009, December.
Zipcodezoo.com. Zipcodezoo.com 2009, December.<|endoftext|>I AM surrounded by encouragement and that makes
(ages two to three)
The MSD Toddler curriculum and environment are thoughtfully designed to meet the Toddler’s growing emotional and cognitive abilities during this formative period for the development of personality, trust, independence, focus, and problem solving. Teachers provide warmth, patience, and the encouragement necessary for each child to reach their personal best.
- Children are free to explore and find works that spark their interest in a safe and carefully prepared indoor and outdoor environment.
- Montessori materials emphasize exploration and experimentation and help to develop the child’s ability to concentrate and focus.
- Toddlers are taught practical life skills such as how to pour their own juice, serve themselves a snack, put on their coat, blow their nose, and clean-up a spill (not to mention toilet-training)!
The materials in our Toddler classroom help develop and refine sensory perceptions, motor abilities, and language skills. Making and identifying patterns, learning to count, watching the weather, and discovering what animals and plants need to grow are also part of the Toddler’s day.
The classroom has plenty of room for social interactions, grace and courtesy lessons which provide opportunities to learn about sharing, taking turns, being patient and being a good friend. Activities are designed to develop coordination and independence as well as to encourage group interaction and increased self-esteem.
Outside, Toddlers have room to play and discover just steps from the classroom doors. The Toddler Program is a nurturing and secure environment where young children can do what they do best - explore everything!
Toddler Program hours are 8:30 to11:30 am or all day from 8:30 am to 3:00 pm five days per week.<|endoftext|>翼状胬肉
推荐科室
眼科
概述
多发生于室外工作者,可能与风沙、烟尘、阳光,紫外线等长期刺激有关。
病因描述
原因不明。可能与风沙、烟尘、阳光、紫外线等长期刺激有关。
症状描述
初起时睑裂部球结膜充血肥厚，逐渐向角膜表面伸展，形成一三角形带有血管组织的胬肉，状似昆虫的翅膀，故名翼状胬肉。多发生于鼻侧，颞侧者较少，伸向角膜时，可侵及前弹力层及浅层基质。胬肉可长期稳定，无明显充血，组织肥厚，头部稍显隆起，其前方角膜呈灰白色浸润，胬肉不断向角膜中央推进，称为进行期。多无自觉症状，但当胬肉向角膜中央时展时，可引起散光、若遮盖瞳孔，则将严重影响视力、肥厚挛缩的胬肉可限制眼球运动。角膜有溃疡或烧伤后球结膜与角膜发生粘连称为假性翼状胬肉，它可发生在角膜缘的任何方向、是静止性，仅头部与角膜粘连。<|endoftext|>Il Tête de Moine, detto anche Fromage de Bellelay, è un formaggio svizzero a pasta semidura famoso in tutto il mondo per il modo in cui viene consumato, ossia raschiato con una girolle e servito in sfoglie sottili.
Il Tête de Moine fu prodotto per la prima volta nel XII secolo dai monaci nel convento di Bellelay (da cui il nome), nella regione dello Jura svizzero, e il suo successo fu tale che anche contadini e casari iniziarono a produrlo. Ma il suo legame con i monaci rimase indissolubile, tanto che nel Settecento il suo nome cambiò da Fromage de Bellelay a Tête de Moine (letteralmente "testa di monaco"). Questo paragone ha due interpretazioni diverse: c'è chi sostiene che sia stato chiamato testa di monaco per via del fatto che nei documenti del monastero era scritto come veniva immagazzinato il formaggio "a testa", ossia per ciascun monaco, ed altri che vedono, invece, la somiglianza tra la chierica dei frati che rasavano i capelli sulla parte superiore del capo (tonsura) così come il Tête de Moine veniva raschiato partendo dall'alto.
Il Tête de Moine ha ottenuto la denominazione AOP-DOP nel 2001 ed attualmente viene prodotto da 8 casari elvetici in maniera artigianale. Il sito ufficiale del Consorzio di Tutela (qui il link) è molto accurato.
Il Tête de Moine DOP viene ottenuto da latte vaccino crudo durante i periodi estivi di alpeggio. Per la produzione di 1 kg di Tête de Moine occorrono circa 10 litri di latte.
Il disciplinare vieta esplicitamente il ricorso a farine animali, insilati, prodotti ogm ed ormoni nell'alimentazione delle mucche, che devono essere nutrite al pascolo in estate e a fieno in inverno.
Il latte arriva al caseificio due volte al giorno (mungitura mattutina e mungitura serale) e non deve essere pastorizzato, ma lavorato crudo e fresco, al massimo è concessa una scrematura naturale.
Quindi il latte viene riscaldato in caldaie di rame fino ad un massimo di 38°C e addizionato di caglio e fatto coagulare per circa 30 minuti.
La cagliata viene rotta, quindi riscaldata di nuovo ad una temperatura compresa tra 46 e 53°C per farla compattare e favorire la fuoriuscita del siero (è quindi un formaggio a pasta cotta, come il Parmigiano-Reggiano).
Successivamente la massa viene travasata negli stampi e pressata, ogni forma viene marchiata per garantirne la tracciabilità.
La salatura avviene in salamoia per almeno 12 ore, quindi si passa alla stagionatura che deve essere di almeno 75 giorni in cantine con temperatura e umidità costanti (rispettivamente di 13°C e 90%). Durante il periodo di maturazione i formaggi vengono appoggiati su assi di legno di abete rosso e puliti e rivoltati quotidianamente.
Il Tête de Moine si presenta di forma cilindrica con 12 cm di diametro e 18 cm di altezza, per un peso compreso tra 600 e 800 grammi.
Viene commercializzato in due versioni: quella in carta argentata, più giovane, stagionato per un periodo inferiore ai 2 mesi e mezzo e quella in carta dorata, più maturo, stagionato per oltre i 4 mesi.
La crosta è dura, di colore aranciato, mentre la pasta è morbida ed elastica, di colore giallo intenso.
I monaci avevano l'abitudine di consumarlo raschiando la parte superiore con un coltello e nel 1981 la ditta Metafil SA ha creato e brevettato uno strumento che rende questa operazione più semplice, la girolle: praticamente il perno della girolle si infila dentro il formaggio affondandolo nella parte centrale e la lama in superficie gira tutto intorno formando dei petali sottilissimi che vengono poi mangiati in abbinamento alla frutta secca (noci, uva sultanina, fichi, albicocche) come snack.
Gli hamburger confezionati non sono in realtà così convenienti e hanno un sapore che si allontana molto da quello della carne fresca.
Salumi: guida ad una scelta di qualità di questo vastissimo settore.
Jamon patanegra: il prosciutto spagnolo il cui vero nome, in realtà, è prosciutto iberico, dalla razza dei maiali.
La DOP - Denominazione di Origine Protetta - è la certificazione europea alimentare più alta.
Il latte fieno STG è un latte riconosciuto dall'Unione Europea come Specialità Tradizionale Garantita e prodotto in prevalenza con bovini nutriti a foraggi freschi o essicati.
Ragusano DOP: un formaggio a pasta filata dura, prodotto con latte vaccino crudo che pesa normalmente più di 10 chili.
Come scegliere l'olio extravergine di oliva: i criteri di scelta per un olio di qualità.
Il prosciutto di Carpegna DOP, prodotto nell'omonimo comune a nord delle Marche.
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Torta light alla ricotta e pere
Gnocchi alla romana
Qualità delle proteine
Grana Padano o Parmigiano-Reggiano?<|endoftext|>2008年12月，中广核铀业与哈萨克国度原子能产业(哈原工)建立了谢米兹拜伊铀无限义务合股企业；2009年4月，伊尔科利铀矿正式完工，国度发改委副主任、国度动力局局长张国宝前去哈萨克斯坦为名目完工剪彩、揭牌。哈原工是哈萨克斯坦处置核能原资料出产的大型国有企业，在环球天然铀市场上具备无足轻重的位置。伊尔科利铀矿的完工，标记着两大企业的协作已进入本色经营阶段。
2014年12月14日，中广核与哈原工签订了《对于扩展和深入核能范畴互利协作的和谈》（简称框架和谈），启动在哈萨克斯坦合股扶植核燃料组件厂等一系列严重互利协作事件。
2015年12月14日，在中国国务院总理李克强、哈萨克斯坦总理马西莫夫的配合见证下，中国广核团体无限公司（简称中广核）总司理张善明与哈萨克斯坦国度原子能产业公司（简称哈原工）总裁朱玛伽里耶夫•阿斯卡尔在北京国民大礼堂签订了《对于在哈萨克斯坦设想和扶植燃料组件制作厂和在哈萨克斯坦配合开辟铀矿的贸易和谈》（简称贸易和谈），标记着中广核在哈萨克斯坦合股出产核燃料组件事件又向前迈出了一大步。<|endoftext|>Brutta giornata per Pfizer al Senato australiano. Durante un’audizione in una commissione di inchiesta, il senatore Rennick incalza il rappresentante di Pfizer Inc., il dr. Thoreau, chiedendogli se può spiegare il meccanismo in base al quale il vaccino provoca la miocardite e la pericardite. Il rappresentante di Pfizer svicola ripetendo che, secondo le autorità sanitarie e di regolamentazione di tutto il mondo, il vaccino è “sicuro” perché il rapporto rischi/benefici è a favore dei secondi. Ma il senatore Rennick insiste e continua a chiedere se Pfizer conosce il meccanismo biochimico in base al quale il vaccino provoca la miocardite. “Non le ho chiesto questo, le ho chiesto se mi sa spiegare il meccanismo biochimico. E mi pare che lei non sappia la risposta. Se è così, allora perché ripete che il vaccino è sicuro? Alla fine, anche grazie all’intermediazione del presidente della commissione, il dr. Thoreau di Pfizer dice che prenderà nota della domanda e tornerà in commissione con ulteriori informazioni.
Fonte Telegram<|endoftext|>آقای حضرتی با اشاره به پرونده قاچاق لوازم آشپزخانه خارجی در بناب گفت: عوامل نیروی انتظامی این لوازم را به ارزش یک میلیارد و ۳۶۰ میلیون ریال از یک انبار باربری در این شهرستان کشف کردند.
وی با بیان اینکه به این پرونده در شعبه تعزیرات حکومتی بناب رسیدگی شد اظهار کرد: شعبه با توجه به ارائه نکردن مدارک قانونی لازم از سوی متهم اتهام قاچاق را محرز دانست و وی را علاوه بر ضبط کالا به پرداخت یک برابر ارزش کالا محکوم کرد.
مدیرکل تعزیرات حکومتی آذربایجان شرقی همچنین با اشاره به پرونده قاچاق انواع کالای خارجی شامل روغن ذرت، مواد شوینده و شکلات در چاراویماق گفت: این کالاها به ارزش ۳۳۱ میلیون ریال به همت ماموران نیروی انتظامی از یک دستگاه خودروی ون کشف و در شعبه تعزیرات حکومتی این شهرستان رسیدگی شد.
آقای حضرتی ادامه داد: شعبه رسیدگی کننده با توجه به ارائه نکردن مدارک قانونی لازم از سوی متهم و نداشتن برچسب اصالت و سلامت اتهام قاچاق را محرز دانست و وی را علاوه بر ضبط کالاها با احتساب ارزش خودرو به پرداخت یک میلیارد و ۲۷۰ میلیون ریال جزای نقدی محکوم کرد.
وی یادآور شد: بر اساس قانون هر نوع کالای سلامت محور وارداتی که به طور مستقیم با سلامت جان مردم در ارتباط باشد باید علاوه بر داشتن مستندات قانونی واردات دارای برچسب اصالت و سلامت کالا بوده و هویت کالا احراز شود.<|endoftext|>The Manual highlights the human rights principles and criteria in relation to drinking water and sanitation. It explains the international legal obligations in terms of operational policies and practice that will support the progressive realisation of universal access. The Manual introduces a human rights perspective that will add value to informed decision making in the daily routine of operators, managers and regulators. It also encourages its readership to engage actively in national dialogues where the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation are translated into national and local policies, laws and regulations.
What are the institutional implications for water supply and sanitation companies of incorporating human rights issues in their day-to-day work? What are the opportunities to include human rights considerations into essential functions? How can the key human rights principles of equality and non-discrimination best be pursued when expanding coverage? How can utility managers and service providers contribute to government efforts to strengthen legal and regulatory frameworks? What options exist for regulators to ensure informal service providers operate in line with human rights criteria and principles? How to deal with non-payment by clients in a way that does not violate human rights principles, and how to distinguish between clients who are unable to pay and those who are unwilling to pay?
These are but a few of the issues addressed by this Manual. Léo Heller, the UN Special Rapporteur on the Right to Water and Sanitation, provided the foreword.
Purchase a hard copy here.<|endoftext|>فعال شدن ۲۴ ساعته مرزها ، مبادلات تجاری کشور عزیزمان ایران و ترکیه از طریق پول ملی دو کشور انجام خواهد شد
معاون اول مدیر جمهور با اشاره به اینکه مذاکرات یکسان هیات های عالی رتبه کشور عزیزمان ایران و ترکیه، یکی از عالی ترین تصمیمات اتخاذ شده است در این مذاکرات را توا
مبادلات تجاری کشور عزیزمان ایران و ترکیه از طریق پول ملی دو کشور انجام خواهد شد/ فعال شدن ۲۴ ساعته مرزها
عبارات مهم : ایران
به گزارش ایسنا، جهانگیری بعدازظهر امروز (پنج شنبه) در نشست مطبوعاتی یکسان با نخست وزیر ترکیه اظهار داشت: کشور عزیزمان ایران و ترکیه پیوندهای بسیار مستحکمی در زمینه های متفاوت تاریخی، تمدنی، فرهنگی و دینی دارند و این اشتراکات محکم باعث شده است پرسشها دو ملت عمیقاً به هم پیوند بخورد و ما به عنوان مسئولین دو کشور باید از این اشتراکات حراست کنیم و زمینه تعمیق روابط و توسعه مناسبات را فراهم سازیم.
فعال شدن ۲۴ ساعته مرزها ، مبادلات تجاری کشور عزیزمان ایران و ترکیه از طریق پول ملی دو کشور انجام خواهد شد
معاون اول مدیر جمهور با بیان اینکه ما در منطقه ای هستیم که هر روز شاهد بحران های مخلتف در نقاط متفاوت منطقه هستیم خاطرنشان کرد: این بحران ها به وسیله قدرت های بزرگ و بعضی کشورهای همسو با آنها ایجاد می شود.
جهانگیری تروریسم، گروه های تکفیری، داعش و داعشی گری بر منطقه را از جمله پرسشها و پرسشها کشورهای منطقه برشمرد و خاطرنشان کرد: در شرایطی که کشورهای منطقه در حال مذاکره با تروریسم بودند، یکباره عنوان همه پرسی در شمال عراق و ایجاد کشوری مستقل در کردستان عراق مطرح شد که بی تردید این توطئه ها با حمایت قدرت های جهانی و به خصوص رژیم صهیونیستی ایجاد شده است است.
معاون اول مدیر جمهور با اشاره به اینکه مذاکرات یکسان هیات های عالی رتبه کشور عزیزمان ایران و ترکیه،
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six alpha pups in here to get the full optics on the situation."
Translations - alpha pup = a trendsetting young person
- full optics = a complete overview
For more gems of gobbledygook see The Ridiculous Jargon Dictionary.
Absurdity is humor obviously lacking in reason. It is foolish or ridiculous and often includes the use of nonsensical language. In absurdity, the preposterous, incongruous, fantastical and whimsical are right at home.
The elephant jokes I thought were hilarious as a child:
Poetry: Edward Lear's much loved poem The Owl and the Pussy-Cat
The sounds words make either by themselves, or in sequence, adds to the overall funniness. It's an extra layer of pleasure: sound combined with meaning heightens or intensifies the humor.
This is the repetition of the beginning sound(s) of words.
Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.
She sells sea-shells on the sea shore.
My mother-in-law is the hag from hell.
These are words sharing similar internal vowel sounds.
heed, steed, reel, meal, queen, sheen …
This is the repetition of words for similar or the same consonant sounds.
flutter, stutter, mutter, splutter …
These are words imitating or sound like their meaning when spoken.
crash, bash, slam, scream, screech, sizzle, clang, whisper...
To use words having similar or the same sounds. Dr. Seuss is the master of absurdity plus rhyme.
Did you ever fly a kite in bed?
Did you ever walk with ten cats on your head?
Did you ever milk this kind of cow?
Well, we can do it. We know how.
If you never did, you should.
These things are fun and fun is good.
From Dr Seuss - One Fish, Two Fish, Red Fish, Blue Fish<|endoftext|>Filmografia di Moses Port
Peter e Annie Brennan sono due genitori in procinto di restare soli, visto che i tre figli, tutti intorno ai venti anni, sono giunti all'età in cui iniziano a prendere le loro strade, tra matrimoni e college. I tre ragazzi, però, non sembrano intenzionati a seguire i programmi dei loro genitori, riufiutandosi di lasciare casa.<|endoftext|>Nel momento in cui viene chiesto a Israele di interrompere le attività militari contro Gaza, è necessario un breve promemoria storico. Nel Settembre del 2005 gli israeliani si ritirarono da Gaza, smantellarono tutti i loro insediamenti nella Striscia e non vi lasciarono traccia della propria presenza. Nel gennaio del 2006, il governo di Gaza passò nelle mani di Hamas guidata da Ismail Haniyeh. Invece di procurare a Gaza degli investimenti, il governo di Hamas iniziò subito il training militare grazie alle Guardie della rivoluzione iraniana. Invece di rilanciare dei progetti economici, il governo Haniyeh ha iniziato a lanciare quotidianamente razzi sulle città e sui villaggi israeliani lungo il confine. Ha contrabbandato grandi quantità di esplosivi, armi e missili; si è preparato alla battaglia.
Nel giugno del 2007, durante un colpo di stato militare brutale e sanguinoso, Hamas prese il controllo di Gaza e subito uccise o cacciò via i leader del movimento Fatah del presidente Mahmoud Abbas. Da quel momento Gaza è divenuta né più né meno una base militare per l’Iran. Fino al giorno in cui Hamas prese il potere, si contavano circa 750 scambi quotidiani tra Gaza e Israele, tra importazioni ed esportazioni. In qualità di vice-ministro della difesa israeliana a quel tempo ero responsabile di questa attività e promossi di persona il commercio con Gaza, visto che il valico di frontiera era controllato dalla Guardia Presidenziale di Abbas, non dai terroristi. Nel momento in cui Hamas ha preso il potere i valichi con Gaza sono stati chiusi e la popolazione palestinese ha iniziato a pagarne il prezzo.
La pioggia di razzi sui civili israeliani si intensificò. Il “cessate il fuoco” che ha resistito dal giugno al dicembre del 2008 è stato usato da Hamas per incrementare la sua forza – principalmente per contrabbandare i razzi Grad dall’Iran, che hanno una gittata di
Ma l’oggetto della campagna militare in corso non è quello di interrompere il lancio dei razzi. Il vero obbiettivo dovrebbe essere quello di rovesciare Hamas e mettere fine al suo potere a Gaza. Israele non può rassegnarsi ad avere una base missilistica del terrore a cinque miglia di distanza da una delle sue città principali, Ashkelon. I palestinesi di Gaza, inoltre, in conversazioni telefoniche o per posta elettronica stanno esprimendo la speranza che l’incubo imposto da Hamas finisca al più presto. La fine del regime di Hamas è essenziale anche per loro.
Non è possibile governare Gaza nell’assenza di una stretta cooperazione con Israele su problemi relativi al commercio, all’energia, alle condizioni ambientali, alle questioni legate all’acqua e all’assistenza sanitaria. Hamas non riconosce lo stato israeliano ma è incapace di garantire una vita normale a 1,5 milioni di residenti di Gaza, che vivono in media con 2 dollari al giorno.
Israele può determinare un collasso del regime di Hamas attraverso una lenta campagna terrestre su larga scala. Una strategia che avrebbe chiaramente un esito insufficiente e dunque un’opzione in cui non dovremmo sperare troppo. Ma al momento, sfortunatamente, è la sola opzione disponibile. Ma c’è un’altra via. Quella che esige un “cessate il fuoco” in grado di condurre a una soluzione globale del conflitto, un “pacchetto” che contenga i seguenti elementi:
- Il totale smantellamento del potere militare di Hamas a Gaza, inclusa la distruzione di tutte le riserve di razzi e missili;
- Il trasferimento del controllo sui valichi di frontiera tra Gaza e Egitto e Gaza e Israele al governo dell’Autorità Palestinese di Salam Fayyad;
- Fino alle elezioni al parlamento palestinese e alla presidenza nel Gennaio del 2010, Gaza deve essere guidata da una amministrazione civile stabilita dal governo di Ramallah;
- Un aumento del controllo egiziano sui confini tra Gaza ed Egitto;
- La liberazione e il rimpatrio del soldato israeliano prigioniero Gilad Shalit.
Un accordo del genere ha bisogno del supporto delle potenze regionali e della comunità internazionale. Paesi come Turchia, Egitto ed Arabia Saudita possono giocare un ruolo importante in questa vicenda.
Ephraim Sneh, ex membro del gabinetto israeliano e vice ministro della Difesa dal 1999 al 2001 e dal 2006 al 2007, è il presidente del partito “Strong Israel”.<|endoftext|>帽子的价格根据编织数的高低而不同，高档的巴拿马草帽精细的可以像布料一样折叠，售价可以破万。 当你的上身只有一件简单的t恤时，一块面料上乘、图案精美的丝巾，就像一瓶香水，只需一点点就可以让你的灵魂绽放香气。 穿彩色的长袜 你好!现在的女性穿的裙子越来越短，穿到大腿的丝袜容易走光，另外有些到大腿的丝袜往下串，穿着不得体，相比连裤袜有很多优势。 连裤袜盖过臀部的长袜式内裤，常以尼龙长丝编织而成。裤子部分用较粗的纱线，在组织、图案、色泽和质感等方面各有多种变化。 画龙点睛的配饰和首饰 小黄去一家外企进行最后一轮总经理助理的面试。为确保万无一失，这次她做了精心的打扮。一身前卫的衣服、时尚的手环、造型独特的戒指、亮闪闪的项链、新潮的耳坠，身上每一处都是焦点，简直是无与伦比、鹤立鸡群。 同长袜一样，连裤袜材质很多，有棉质、尼龙、羊毛混纺等。 由尼龙或氨纶制作的连裤袜保持着原有的弹力、塑形的属性。但尼龙这种材料比较容易破碎，刮蹭在锐利物体上而破碎的情况十分常见。而棉质和棉毛混纺的连裤袜则较具保暖功效。 其实说起袜子，平均价格最贵的袜子应该是英国的Moxon Huddersfield，虽然公司建立是在1924年，但其历史可以追溯到450年前的16世纪，主要生产面料，1999 年，公司引进了与从阿尔泰地区的非常精细11.5微米的山羊绒编织的袜子，每双售价400美元。
丝袜 最早的丝袜诞生于十五世纪，那时的袜子生产还不得不依赖于手工。16世纪时，西班牙人开始把连裤长袜与裤子分开，并开始采用编织的方法来编织袜子。英国人（William Lee）对他的妻子从事手工编织从而引起他对针织机械的研究，于1589年发明了世界上第一台手工针织机，用以织制毛裤。 袜子虽然只是个配角，可在流行敏感度上却是一点不逊于时装。一起来看看下面六组冬季长袜和短裤短裙的搭配吧： 01 休闲长袜搭配可爱雪地靴，释放美腿和美臀最简单的方法 02 超短热裤搭配及膝长袜，修长美腿秀出来 03 紧身 尼龙长袜风靡的热潮，完全确立了女性对紧身裤袜的主导地位。 在大喵看来，时代的差异性以及技术的革新，是引领一种男士专属时尚转变为女性潮流的最主要推力，而伊丽莎白女王一世无疑是哪一个最为显著的"先行者"。
时髦之行，始于...长袜_潮流_GQ男士网 众所周知，代表不同家族的各式格纹图案是苏格兰风尚的经典标志之一，但到了16世纪时，(有可能是)苏格兰的古老宗族Clan Campbell的一些人决定给传统格纹图案做一些调整，比如把它们斜过来，改成菱形，并且将这种图案织到了长袜上。 手工编织羊毛袜图片 - 京东 京东是国内专业的手工编织羊毛袜网上购物商城，本频道提供手工编织羊毛袜商品图片，手工编织羊毛袜精选图片大全等信息，为您选购手工编织羊毛袜提供全方位的精选图片参考，提供愉悦的网上购物体验！ 毛线长袜-毛线长袜价格、图片、排行 - 阿里巴巴 毛线长袜品牌/图片/价格 - 毛线长袜品牌精选大全，品质商家，实力商家，进口商家，微商微店一件代发，阿里巴巴为您找到
简单时髦长袜子编织教程，原来长袜才是脚踝显瘦的秘密武器！ 腾讯视频 精选 电视剧 电影 综艺 动漫 少儿 纪录片 VIP会员 音乐 爱看 生活 海量精选毛线长袜图片大全，阿里巴巴为您找到809张毛线长袜图片，大量的细节图，多角度拍摄，多场景高清大图，为您购买产品，了解趋势，提供全方位的图片参考。找毛线长袜图片，上阿里巴巴1688图片大全频道。 你会喜欢这个迷你圣诞长袜钩针图案，我们已经包括一个视频教程，告诉你如何使他们在10分钟内。迷你圣诞袜袜钩针编织
淘宝海外为您精选了男款长袜潮相关的27001个商品，你还可以按照人气、价格、销量和评价进行筛选查找,男士长袜潮、男款长袜、男士长袜夏季潮等商品 limbrige 4件装大码尺码经典编织针织针织圣诞长袜带4珍珠按钮圣 … limbrige 4件装大码尺码经典编织针织针织圣诞长袜带4珍珠按钮圣诞乡村风格个性化 stocking 装饰适用于家庭假期 SEASON D d¨ | COR 白色 / 红色, 品牌: LimBridge, LimBridge, limbrige 4件装大码尺码经典编织针织针织圣诞长袜带4珍珠按钮圣诞乡村风格个性化 stocking 装饰适用于家庭假期 SEASON D d¨ | COR 白色 / … 日系原宿民族风男女情侣厚袜子 秋冬堆堆编织复古粗线毛线长袜潮 … 欢迎前来淘宝网实力旺铺，选购日系原宿民族风男女情侣厚袜子 秋冬堆堆编织复古粗线毛线长袜潮,想了解更多日系原宿民族风男女情侣厚袜子 秋冬堆堆编织复古粗线毛线长袜潮，请进入花蕾儿的花蕾儿美丽磨坊实力旺铺，更多商品任你选购<|endoftext|>Nigeria is to launch Africa’s first nanosatellite (an artificial satellite with a wet mass between one and 10 kg 2.2–22 lb) into the orbit, the Director-General of National Space Research and Development Agency (NASRDA), Prof Seidu Mohammed, has said.
Mohammed told the Correspondent of the News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) in New York that the Nigeria’s nanosatellite would be launched alongside four other countries between May 23 to May 27.
The NASRDA chief disclosed that the nanosatellite would be launched “within the window of May 23 and 27” from the launch base at Miami, Florida, U.S.
According to him, the latest satellite to be launched is another feat achieved by the Nigerian engineers.
Mohammed said: “Nigeria, along with other four countries – Japan, Ghana, Bangladesh and Nepal – in the last one year, came together to work in a constellation to build about five nanosatellites.
“You may ask ‘what are these nanosatellites for?’ It’s a scientific satellite that is to study environmental parameters.
“They would help in most of these environmental issues to study them – environmental characterization.
“In addition to that, they would also be carrying camera that would acquire some form of data.
“And what we have also demonstrated by this is the fact that Nigerian engineers and scientists earlier built Nigerian Sat-X using the laboratory in Missouri.
“They’ve gone ahead again to build nanosatellite in the laboratory in Kyushu University in Japan and all these are parts of efforts to sustain technology already transferred to Nigerian scientists and engineers”.
The NASRDA chief said in addition to the feat achieved by the Nigerian engineers, there was the need to encourage the youth to take career in space science and technology.
“Those nanosatellites, each time they are within the Nigerian territory, would be singing National Anthem.
“So those who carry UHF radio would be able to receive it and all these are part of Nigeria’s efforts,” he said.
The space chief also declared that Nigeria would be a space power by 2030, sending an astronaut into space from Nigerian-owned launch facility on Nigeria’s soil.
According to him, the engineers that design and launch Nigerian satellites are at the Centre for Satellite Technology Development at NASRDA.
“There is a ‘Roadmap for Development of Space Science and Technology’ ending in 2030.
“We hope by 2030, facilities for launch would have been provided in Nigeria so that by that year, we would have launched satellite from Nigeria into space.”
He expressed optimism that with the current efforts of the Minister of Science and Technology, Dr Ogbonnaya Onu, the plan would be actualized.
“We would be able to complete our Assembling, Integration, Testing and Design before 2018, and by 2022, most of these efforts would begin to crystallize.
“The large-scale commercialization of space equipment would be possible in our country, and by 2030, we believe that there would be a launching facility from our country.
“We believe before 2030, there will be need for Nigeria to be an international space station,” the NASRDA chief said.
He commended the team of engineers scientists at NASRDA, saying efforts are ongoing to ensure that by 2018, the first satellite would roll out of the agency’s facility.
According to him, NASRDA remains the number one space agency in Africa, adding it has so far launched five satellites – three earth observation satellites and two communication satellites.
NAN reports that NASRDA since inception in 2001 had launched five satellites.
The first satellite, NigeriaSat-I, an international disaster monitoring constellation satellite, built by a UK-based satellite technology company, Surrey Space Technology Limited, was launched in 2003.
NigComSat-I, the second Nigerian satellite was ordered and built in China in 2004; it was Africa’s first communication satellite, launched on May 13, 2007.
NigeriaSat-2 and NigeriaSat-X, which, respectively, were the third and fourth built by Surrey Space Technology Limited., were launched in Aug. 17, 2011.
The fifth, NigComSat-1R was launched by China on Dec. 19, 2011.<|endoftext|>Nexus 5X和Nexus 6P或将于10月25日开始发货
发表时间：2015-09-30 来源：易配网
促销由谷歌运行，以诱使顾客预先订购的Nexus 5X或Nexus的6P，实际上暗示了10月25日出货日期为股票Android手机。这些谁受10月25日下令无论是从谷歌商店的Nexus设备，将获得$ 50的谷歌播放信贷一旦手机舰艇。由于这似乎是一个鼓励消费者预购无论是手机，那一定会是有意义的促销结束与最初的发货日期为手机
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uno degli indigeni alleati ad avere l’idea di prendere la fortezza, fingendo di fuggire per poi ritornare inaspettati e fu Juan Pizarro che si incaricò dell’impresa. Al momento convenuto, con uno squadrone di cavalleria, forzò il fronte nemico e si diresse verso Lima, perdendosi in lontananza. Gli Inca caddero nella trappola e inviarono delle veloci staffette per avvertire i loro di intercettare la pattuglia in fuga, ma questa, una volta fuori dalla vista, fece dietro front e, fatto un largo giro, pervenne alle pendici del forte dal lato opposto a quello della città, tra la sorpresa generale.
Anche Juan Pizarro doveva però avere una sorpresa. La fortezza, dal lato in cui si apprestava ad assalirla si sviluppava in pianura e gli Spagnoli pensavano di aver ragione dei difensori con una rapida carica, ma questi avevano costruito un terrapieno e i cavalli non poterono superarlo.
Juan Pizarro avrebbe potuto ritirarsi, ma non volle sentire ragione. Cavalcava senza elmo perché una ferita alla mandibola gli impediva di calzarlo e avanzò a capo scoperto fin sotto le mura. Una pietra, meglio diretta delle altre lo colpì al capo e lo scavalcò. I suoi riuscirono a recuperarlo, ma per lui era finita. Di lì a pochi giorni, sarebbe morto dopo una dolorosa agonia.
Gli Spagnoli, malgrado questa drammatica perdita, non desistettero dall’attacco. La conquista di Sacsahyuaman era per loro una questione di vita o di morte e la posizione raggiunta dalla pattuglia fu mantenuta. La lotta per la fortezza si trasformò in un assedio nell’assedio. I difensori indigeni, tormentati dalla fame e dalla sete, falcidiati dal tiro delle balestre cominciarono a cedere, mentre il grosso del loro esercito concentrava i suoi sforzi sulla città.
Si videro episodi di valore da ambo le parti che meritano di essere ricordati. Uno spagnolo, Hernando Sanchez de Badajoz, scalò da solo una delle torri che reggevano la difesa della fortezza e riuscì a tenere a bada gli occupanti finché i suoi non giunsero a dargli man forte. Su un’altra torre un capitano inca, tale Cahuide, armato alla spagnola, con tanto di spada e corazza sottratta al nemico, tenne testa agli assalitori spronando i suoi uomini e compiendo gesta di grande valore. Quando poi vide che la posizione era perduta, si coprì la testa col mantello e si gettò nel vuoto piuttosto che cadere prigioniero.
Quando, infine, la fortezza cadde nelle loro mani, gli Spagnoli tirarono un sospiro di sollievo, ma la situazione restava disperata e non avevano modo di sapere se i loro compatrioti nel resto del paese erano ancora in vita o se loro erano gli ultimi europei ancora in vita nell’intero Perù.
A Cuzco, frattanto, l’assedio si trascinava tra alterne vicende. Hernando Pizarro imbaldanzito dal successo di Sacsayhuaman concepì il disegno di sorprendere Manco nel suo accampamento. Il suo drappello venne però intercettato in una gola e riuscì a riguadagnare il Cuzco con grave rischio. Hernando era però coraggioso e volle tentare ancora di aver ragione dell’avversario con un’azione di sorpresa. Saputo che Manco II, dopo la sua sortita, aveva prudentemente spostato il suo quartier generale a Ollantaytambo si diresse arditamente verso quella fortezza. Il luogo era però imprendibile e gli Spagnoli furono a loro volta assaliti e messi a mal partito.
Se Manco II avesse deciso di assalire, in quel frangente, Cuzco sguarnito, probabilmente avrebbe conquistato la città, ma il sovrano inca si ostinò ad attaccare le forze che avevano cercato di catturarlo. Dietro suo ordine un fiume venne fatto deviare dal suo corso e le campagne, in cui era attendato l’esercito spagnolo, vennero allagate. Hernando decise allora di sacrificare il suo accampamento e, di notte, lasciato accesi i fuochi e intatte le tende, fuggì verso Cuzco. La ritirata venne scoperta e gli Spagnoli dovettero destreggiarsi tra campi allagati e nemici in agguato. Riuscirono comunque a raggiungere Cuzco, a prezzo di alcune perdite e di molta paura.
La situazione era ormai stabilizzata e la guerra continuò con manifestazioni di ferocia da entrambe le parti. Gli Spagnoli presero ad uccidere anche le donne inca per debilitare moralmente i loro guerrieri a cui mozzavano la mano destra se catturati. Gli Inca, dal canto loro, infierivano su ogni spagnolo che fosse caduto nelle loro mani ed erano soliti tagliargli i piedi e le mani. Era comunque evidente che gli Inca non avrebbero più potuto occupare il Cuzco e che gli Spagnoli non avrebbero potuto liberarsi dell’assedio.
La stagione delle semine, frattanto, incombeva e gli indigeni erano ansiosi di tornare ai loro campi per non incorrere in una terribile carestia, ma Manco voleva fare ancora un ultimo tentativo. Un nuovo fattore si intromise, però, prepotentemente nella contesa allarmando entrambi i contendenti: Diego de Almagro era tornato dal Cile
La spedizione nel Sud dell’impero si era trasformata in un disastro e l’adelantado, questo era il titolo di Almagro, si presentava a rivendicare i suoi diritti. Preso coscienza della situazione non pose tempo in mezzo. Tentò dapprima di convincere Manco ad appoggiarlo contro i Pizarro, nemici di entrambi, ma, viste le titubanze dell’inca, lo affrontò in battaglia costringendolo alla fuga. Si volse poi verso il Cuzco che occupò quasi senza combattere facendo prigionieri sia Gonzalo che Hernando Pizarro.
Un esercito frattanto si avvicinava. Era stato inviato da Lima, appena liberata, in soccorso del Cuzco ed era, ovviamente fedele a Pizarro, ma Almagro non si lasciò intimorire e lo affrontò risolutamente in battaglia, alle porte di Cuzco, sbaragliandolo completamente.
Sembrava che la sorte avesse arriso all’antico socio di Pizarro, ma la sua vittoria aveva soltanto dato inizio ad un’altra fase della tormentata storia del Perù: quella delle guerre civili tra i conquistadores spagnoli.
cavaliere spagnolo attacca due soldati inca.
Manco II aveva combattuto per l’indipendenza del suo popolo e aveva perso la battaglia, ma non per questo avrebbe desistito dalla lotta. In un sicuro recesso sulle Ande avrebbe fondato un piccolo regno indipendente, quello di Vilcabamba e da qui avrebbe continuato a combattere contro gli odiati invasori, in nome delle tradizioni della sua stirpe e della religione dei suoi avi.
alcuni anni dopo Con l’aiuto delle informazioni di molte spie, la spedizione spagnola riuscì ad ingannare la difesa di Vilcabamba, a distruggere Vitcos ed a catturare, dopo una caccia accanita, il giovane re. Così, dopo un sommario giudizio nella antica capitale dell’impero, Tupac Amaru l’ultimo sovrano inca fu decapitato nel maggio del 1572
Con la sua morte termina ufficialmente la conquista del Perù. La popolazione dai tempi dell’arrivo di Pizarro si era ridotta del 50%.
Tupac Amaru l’ultimo imperatore inca.
lista dei sovrani inca
Manco Capac
Sinchi Roca
Lioque Yupanqui
Mayta Capac
Capac Yupanqui
Inca Roca
Yahuar Huacac
Viracocha Inca
Pachacutec 1438-1460
Tupac Inca Yupanqui 1460-1475
Huayna Capac 1475-1525
Huascar 1525-1532
Atahualpa 1532-1533
Tupac Huallpa 1533
Manco II 1534-1544
Sayri Tupac 1544-1561
Titu Cusi Yupanqui 1561-1571
Tùpac Amaru 1571-1572<|endoftext|>+29% XP BOOST
Ottieni un 29% in più di esperienza giocando a questo gioco!
Chi nasce tondo non muore quadrato! È il caso di dirlo già che in questo gioco sarete una pallina rossa che dovrà eliminare una serie di malvagi cubi neri. Eliminateli con pietre giganti o casse. Salta sulle piattaforme e vivi una grande avventura!<|endoftext|>Gtk2::Ex::DateSpinner -- year/month/day date entry using SpinButtons
use Gtk2::Ex::DateSpinner; my $ds = Gtk2::Ex::DateSpinner->new (value => '2008-06-14');
Gtk2::Ex::DateSpinner is (currently) a subclass of
Gtk2::HBox, though it's probably not a good idea to rely on that.
Gtk2::Widget Gtk2::Container Gtk2::Box Gtk2::HBox Gtk2::Ex::DateSpinner
Gtk2::Ex::DateSpinner displays and changes a year, month, day date using three
Gtk2::SpinButton fields. The day of the week is shown to the right.
+------+ +----+ +----+ | 2008 |^ | 6 |^ | 14 |^ Sat +------+v +----+v +----+v
There's many ways to enter or display a date. This style is good for clicking to a nearby date but also allows a date to be typed in if a long way away.
If a click or entered value takes the day outside the days in the month then it wraps around to the next or previous month. Likewise the month wraps around to the next or previous year. When typing in a number the day of the week display updates when you press enter.
A paste of an ISO format YYYY-MM-DD date into any of the day, month or year fields sets the three fields to that value. Whitespace at the start or end of a paste is ignored.
Day of the week and date normalization calculations use
Date::Calc so they're not limited to the system
time_t (which may be as little as 1970 to 2038 on a 32-bit system). The day of the week uses "strftime" in POSIX and so gets the usual
LC_TIME localizations which are established at Perl startup or Gtk initialization. The year/month/day tooltips use Gtk message translations.
See examples/simple.pl for a complete program creating a DateSpinner. See examples/builder.pl for similar using
$ds = Gtk2::Ex::DateSpinner->new (key=>value,...)
Create and return a new DateSpinner widget. Optional key/value pairs set initial properties per
my $ds = Gtk2::Ex::DateSpinner->new (value => '2008-06-14');
$ds to today's date (today in the local timezone).
value(string, default "2000-01-01")
The current date value, as an ISO format "YYYY-MM-DD" string. When you read this the day and month are always "normalized", so MM is 01 to 12 and DD is 01 to 28,29,30 or 31 (according to how many days in the particular month).
The default 1 January 2000 is meant to be fairly useless and you should set it to something that makes sense for the particular application.
There's very limited validation on the
value string, so don't set garbage.
Gtk2-Ex-DateSpinner is Copyright 2008, 2009, 2010, 2013 Kevin Ryde
Gtk2-Ex-DateSpinner is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) any later version.
Gtk2-Ex-DateSpinner is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with Gtk2-Ex-DateSpinner. If not, see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/.<|endoftext|>MACKINTOSH AT THE WILLOW, A WEE HISTORY! PART 2 – The Willow Theme.
This week we will be focusing on the use of the Willow Tree as a design concept throughout Mackintosh at the Willow, the original Willow Tea Rooms Building.
The reason for the use of the willow tree as a dominating motif at Mackintosh at the Willow is simple – it refers to the street name. “Saugh”, is the Scottish Gaelic word for a willow tree, and “haugh” means meadow. This was a perfect muse for Mackintosh as an Art Nouveau artist and architect because the use of natural form was paramount to the creation of Art Nouveau works. The 1890’s had brought a strong mood of spirituality to the Glasgow art scene and the Willow Tree has a strong symbolic past in Celtic culture owing to its mythical properties of enchantment and healing. Mackintosh emphasised the importance of the soul that lies beneath appearance and felt that poetic symbolism was the surest way to express it.
In line with the comprehensive nature of the Gesamtkunstwerk or ‘total work of art’, Mackintosh at the Willow’s design features employed the willow motif to unite each space of the tearoom’s interior and exterior. The iconic Willow Tea Rooms signs that hangs above the entrance hold three familiar symbols: the bird, the bell and the tree. These are three out of four of the components that make up the coat of arms of the city of Glasgow and the tree design is in keeping with our willow theme.
Upon entering the building, guests are immediately presented with willow designs on each side – the frieze and the glass panels of the dividing wall. Both designs are very different yet speak to the same conceptual vein, with linear fragmented forms, curving lines and green droplets.
The dominating feature of the front saloon is the Baldacchino, which is typically the name of a canopy that sits above an alter or throne. Often, in giving tours of the building, we like to explain to our guests that using the Baldacchino as a feature was a tongue-in-cheek way of alluding to the great following that Miss Cranston had gained and that this structure was a throne by which her loyal following could worship. The principle structure of this wood and metal sculpture is a fixed two by two seating arrangement that stretches vertically, much like the trunk of a tree. Then a large, ovular, metal light fixture encircles this with a soft sweeping shape reminiscent of a treetop.
The aesthetic relationship between the front saloon, back saloon and the gallery was carefully planned. The front saloon was to represent a meadow, with open light and spring colours. This pushed back towards the back saloon, who’s moody lighting and Japanese inspired wood framed panels gave the illusion of a woodland glade. Above this lay the Gallery, a savvy feature that would allow more room for additional patrons. The Gallery is a mezzanine level with large open skylights that illuminate the atrium-like space in the centre of the back saloon. Large poles grow upwards with four dangling Edison bulbs hanging from each, representing the willow trees. In this space, we are meant to feel as though we are in a tree top canopy, with the Japanese inspired trellis ceiling work creating the dappled light associated with branches and leaves.
The Billiard Room is not quite so heavily touched with the Willow Tree theme as the rest of the building, but it does make sure to nod to it discretely. The signature droplet shapes, reminiscent of willow catkins, adorn the windows and the base line of the seating is softened by a curve that reminds the viewer of the sway of a willow branch. The lack of willow themed décor in the Billiard Room could be due to the strong historic and symbolic connection between femininity and the willow tree. As the Billiard Room was originally a male only area, perhaps this did not fit with the desire aesthetic.
However, it could be this very nod to symbolism that Mackintosh so loved that saw the infamous Salon de Luxe fully embellished with willow imagery. Traditionally designed to be a space where women could entertain guests outside the home, the Salon de Luxe was decorated with its occupants in mind. The mirrors that adorn the walls in the Salon de Luxe today are, for the most part, the originals from 1903 and yet they still maintain the impact of beautiful reflectivity 100 years after their conception. Each panel holds the same design – an abstracted composition of lines and egg shapes that are representative of the willow branches and catkins. This trinket box-like effect causes one person’s reflection to project fleeting to all four walls of the room. It is almost as though, when turning to observe the panels, you catch glimpses of someone just out of sight running through the trees. The chandeliers of the Salon de Luxe employ the same features of vertical linear form and hanging droplets, but they are created with a different craft. The glass and wire constructs are sensational mathematical feats that have finally been fully replaced. The Salon de Luxe doors also hold similar forms, falling droplets and vertical lines, but it creates the form of a kimono, relaying the Japanese influence on Mackintosh’s art.
One of the key features of the Salon de Luxe is the gesso panel by Margaret Macdonald Mackintosh. The original gesso panel from the Salon de Luxe now resides in the Kelvingrove Art Gallery and Museum and is replaced by a stunning replica by Dai and Jenny Vaughn of Vaughn Arts. The title of the gesso, O Ye, All Ye Who Walk in Willowwood, was taken from the first line of the first of Dante Gabriel Rossetti’s four ‘Willowwood’ sonnets and is symbolic narrative of the poem itself.
O Ye, All Ye Who Walk in Willowwood By Dante Gabriel Rossetti
I sat with Love upon a woodside well,
Leaning across the water, I and he;
The certain secret thing he had to tell:
Only our mirrored eyes met silently In the low wave; and that sound came to be
The passionate voice
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, goes further and blames early and medieval interpreters of the Koran for “disregarding the holy word of Prophet, in family law and his teachings about respect for women.” However, this in no way makes Mohammed a leading feminist.
This widely popular version is contradictory to a class based analysis of feminism as it reinstates the hierarchy of patriarchy. Although a step forward, and some political scientists believe that it may lay the groundwork for democracy, it is not concerned with the radical changes that are necessary to improve the lives of most women in Muslim countries, both Muslim and non-Muslim. There is also a problem with the notion from a libertarian point of view: it sounds great, but why would and should feminism serve to the benefit of religion in the first place? It is supposed to serve women.There is a great danger in Muslim feminists’ search for solutions within sharia. It facilitates effortless and cheap PR exercises and spin by misogynist Sharia regimes; it is ironic that while these regimes condemn the Western Media as servants of evil, they so desperately want to be seen by them as “not so bad after all”. Over the past ten years or so, Iran has seen the publication of a number of journals aiming to address the issues of Muslim women. A short search on the Internet leads one to thousands of articles about the feminist movement in Iran and the great star of Iranian Feminism, former Ayatollah Rafsanjani’s daughter Faezah Hashemi, who participated in the parliament that delivered little to the women of Iran over the last ten years. The nauseating smell of “emancipation delivered on a silver plate” that surrounds the whole affair manifests itself most clearly in her failure to mention the hypocrisy of a regime which benefits hugely from women’s cheap labour, contrasted with the lack of respect for the work they do in a war-torn country. Hashemi has been busy publishing Tehran- based Zonan and Zan which promotes the idea that “Western feminism has promoted hostility between the sexes, confused sex roles, and the sexual objectification of women” – a correct analysis of certain sections of the feminist movement, perhaps, but it fails to provide a “feminist” alternative. A number of its writers have proposed an Islamic-style feminism that would stress “gender complementarity” rather than equality and that would pay full respect to housewifery and motherhood while also giving women access to education and jobs. This is enough to tell you where our comrades get it wrong.
Saudis use this spin for fear that their secret affair with the American, British and French arms industries will come to an end. Following the BAE investigation in the UK, there is growing discomfort over the Saudi Kingdom’s interference in the British Courts. In the US, families of soldiers are organizing against the war and questioning the Bush regime’s heavy flirtations with Saudi financial power.This is the “elephant in the room” that feminists in Muslim countries are afraid to take on and endure more hostility then already exists towards them in their countries. Our feminist comrades elsewhere shouldn’t have to wonder why all solutions are sought within religion itself. Even among the secular groups it is taboo to blame religion for the problems surrounding the fundamental values forced upon women in our societies, such as virginity, marriage and divorce. A class based analysis of the women’s issues had to wait until recently.
Egyptian scholar Nawal El Saddawi has produced one of the first class based analyses of Muslim women’s issues and oppression. She states that women’s oppression is “not essentially due to religious ideologies . . . but derives its roots from the class and patriarchal system. Islamic history paints a picture of pre-Islamic society where women’s sexuality is ‘chaotic, all-embracing , [with] rampant promiscuity whose essence is woman’s self determination’. The male is left with a lack of initiative, and is unable to control relationships through a position of privilege. Such fears are behind the construction of Muslim sex roles, which find their basis in the assumption that proper social order relies on the curtailment of female sexuality.” One of the worst manifestation of this sexual fear is the mutilation of female children’s labia and clitoris. Though having no basis within the Koran or any authentic Hadiths, clitoridectomies are still forced on children in the name of Islam. The practice predates Islam, and is possibly pre-Judaic.
There are still societies today where women are considered to be simple commodities and part of the livestock. They are modern day slaves, sold for marriage and labour at ages which the rest of the world considers that sexual contact amounts to a criminal offence.Pre-Islamic society cannot be classified as simply being at a feudal stage of political chronology, as is the tendency in official history. Such a label is not comprehensive enough to describe the economic and political systems and structures through which pre-Islamic society operated.
There are so many examples of brutality and oppression against women in Muslim countries that if we were to imagine women and men as two nations, we would end up with the longest, most ruthless invasion and war of the history of humanity. It is this longstanding hostility that needs explanation first. It is important for Western feminists to have first hand knowledge of these events in their communication with Muslim Women to let them know first of all that “they are aware” and “interested” and secondly, that they will support them in their struggle to end this brutality. It is not difficult to compile a list of atrocities and human rights violations against Muslim women, there were two major news reports in the Guardian alone in the week during which this article was being written, about brutalities against women in Iraq and in Saudi Arabia. Unfortunately, interest in such stories in the mainstream media only appeared after the wars against Afghanistan and Iraq, and these atrocities are often simply used as excuses by the American war machinery. The rhetoric against the oppression of women that they use does not serves to the benefit of women in places such as Afghanistan but to their detriment. The plight of Afghan women is used in turn as a warning by regimes such as Iran, Saudi Arabia and other Gulf countries against women who demand more freedom.
As Feminists in the West beat around the bush with an air of multi-culturalist political correctness and go out of their way to show respect for exotic religions, there is a growing number of feminists in countries like Turkey and Iran and among the diaspora in non- Muslim countries whose policies and strategies for feminism do not take the route of Western Liberal Feminism. For those feminists, Western feminism’s high priestesses are the likes of Condoleezza Rice, Thatcher and Mary Harney and its prime products are the Spice Girls and Sex in the City. The same media and pop- culture machine portray the brutality and oppression of women in Muslim countries as the manifestation of Muslim Ideology, yet it never attaches “Christian” or religious to the headlines about brutality and oppression against women in non Muslim countries.The notion that “women are oppressed in Muslim countries because of Islam” is one of the root causes of the confusing and complex stand off between liberal feminists and the Muslim Feminists of all schools, including the author of this article. Muslim women are oppressed precisely because they live in a patriarchal society where religion is still the principal agent of the system’s brutality against women. It is essential to understand that one of the main issues facing Feminism in Muslim countries is to analyze whether the issues of the feminist movement are ‘religious’, ‘cultural’ or ‘social’ in nature.
This article is neither in defence of the religion nor in agreement with Muslim Feminists who seek a solution within the structure of Islam. Their desperate search within Sharia Laws and their regimes may achieve a few limited steps forward within a realistic time frame and radical changes are not likely to come overnight; the brute is too big and too damn powerful. These movements also providerelative safer spaces of freedom of expression through which women develop their ideologies towards the more radical-non religious space.
In the “developed” world, there is a great need for awareness; the only place for Muslim women in global media coverage is that of the victim. They are depicted, written about and heard only when they are victims. Also, observers from the West tell them from the West what their identities and problems are and how to live. The achievements of Muslim women in education, health and art production, their struggles and gains are always explained as “concessions” and “rights” which are “granted” by the regimes they live in. Over half a billion women and children have not received even basic education, they lack the power to demand their basic human rights, they produce one third of all the world’s wealth, getting paid very little or nothing, costing next to nothing to their employers or their states in health services or education, all of which leads them to die young. The reckless and hungry profit economy benefits hugely from this work force. Imagination calls for a place in 30 years time where Muslim women will have reclaimed their basic human and workers rights and will have landed the bill for their basic old age pension care on their respective countries exchequers’ desks, what will we do about them then, as gassing them is not an option? The cheapest “humanitarian” approach is do “nothing” and keep them uneducated, powerless and unhealthy.Gaining an understanding of the real issues faced by ordinary Muslim women, and the radical changes in our lifestyles and production culture required in order to address them, is as good a place as any to start for those who want to aid the workers of the world. One third of these workers are Muslim women and children. If this sounds too unrealistic – radically changing the lives of Muslim and non-Muslim women workers alike, our struggle is not respected and we are simply lied to. “Realistic” alternatives may well take a very long, two steps ahead – one step back, journey which feminism in the Western world experienced. But that feminism ended up being cornered into a ridiculed space in the social political arena.
You can not rise up in a regime like Iran without a consciousness that is set against imperialism and you definitely do not rise up to die, but to succeed. It is humiliating to see how ignorant we are viewed at times. As the West banters over mile-long newspaper columns and films and TV shows about the hijab and burka, the majority of Muslim women are struggling to put food on the table, and get basic health care and education for their children.Muslim women get this hard love from the world, while they seek justice under dire and simply unsafe conditions, They are bullied into justifying their way of life, not by their immediate oppressors, but by their so called allies. Why is it that the hijab and the hijab alone is the only subject of interest when it comes to women in Muslim countries? Could it be because very few in a broad spectrum of political correctness are able to overcome their underlying prejudices? The remaining are happy only to pay attention when a woman’s (or a child’s) hijab or worse , her vagina, is the subject matter.
Muslim women have little to expect from a feminist movement that is identically incapable of confronting a system built by and for men (capitalism in the case of Western feminists). The majority of feminist ideologies and activism in the developed world today do not address and support the struggle of their Muslim comrades openly, directly or sufficiently. Trust, which is necessary to make radical change together, has not been built yet. They may have to face the fact that their feminist discomforts may be seen as petulant and they may have a tough time mobilizing their Muslim comrades to join the fight for equal membership in exclusive golf clubs.Muslim women also struggle to overcome their permanent role as the helpless and voiceless victim. It is a delicate balance between demanding to be seen and heard in all areas of life, to celebrate achievements while trying to voice the violations of their rights.
We don’t want to be equal with men in a Sharia regime and this is the common ground for non religious feminists of all tendencies in relatively more liberal secular Muslim countries such as Turkey, Egypt, Morocco and Algeria. The non-believing, non-practicing members of this broad concept of “Secular Feminism” simply reject any rule by religion, some of them suggest the separation of state and religious affairs as if they do not exist to serve each other and accept the existence of its values in the society. This may be due to the fear we mentioned earlier.Little in the lives of the women in the “modern” world suggest that theirs is a good model to achieve emancipation. Muslim women are well aware of the ills of capitalist society and they want to protect themselves and their children from these ills; Britney, MTV, Hello, Posh & Becks, fashion, the porn industry, the obsession with looks and girl power to name a few. This is where our well meaning non Muslim comrades get confused. In conclusion, we don’t want to arrive at the ridiculed place they arrived at. Although they made great gains, we do we want to take the same route. We don’t want to serve in the army, we don’t want to sit in parliaments which take decisions to go to war and to spend state budgets on buying more arms. We don’t want the power to submit our countries’ 150 year old foreign debts to the World Bank, We don’t want to surrender our lives to the orders of the likes of the WTO who steal the food from our tables.What we primarily need and want is basic human rights, economic freedom, education, jobs and healthy affordable food. As things stand, in the world we live in today, these rights are denied to the majority of the world’s workers and they will not be handed to us either, unless we get out there and organize for radical change where we will have full control of our production and its tools and where all responsibilities are shared mutually.
- Hussain, Freda, Muslim Women, Croom Helm, Worcester, 1984.
2 Mernissi, Fatima, (Mary Jo Lakelan, trans.), Women and Islam: An Historical and Theological Enquiry, Blackwell, Oxford, 1992.
What Changes Do Muslim Women Really Need?
Pensions – The world gives basic old age care to a lucky few million in the world. This needs to be changed immediately.
Wealth – There is an urgent need for land and income redistributions to alleviate extreme poverty
Debt – Organizations such as the WTO, the World Bank and the IMF should cease operation immediately and all foreign debts for underdeveloped countries should be defaulted collectively.
War – Arms, missile and landmine production must end immediately, all arms should be decommissioned and all debt created for military spending should also be defaulted collectively.
Wages – Workers in the disadvantaged regions and countries should be paid the maximum standard for their work, not the minimum.
Production – Immediate studies should be carried out to determine real demand for production, type of production and products.
Environment – Sustainable living should be enforced at any cost, due to the imminent risks of environmental disaster
Domestic Relations – Domestic work should be organized in collective or other ways to be paid and shared by all involved.
Education – Alternative education modules and schools should be facilitated.
Tax & Spending – Tax and investment subsidies for big businesses and syndicates should cease and workers should have full say on where the tax revenue generated should be spent.
First published in Red & Black 15, Spring 2009
by Sevinc Karaca
Sevinc is a Turkish anarchist and feminist, describes the fine line that Muslim women must navigate between Islam and the West. ”
[Download the PDF] http://www.wsm.ie/attachments/oct2009/rbr15.pdf<|endoftext|>Scippo ieri pomeriggio a Pescara, lungo viale Marconi.
Una donna, infatti, ha chiamato la Polizia riferendo di essere stata avvicinata, mentre si trovava in bici, da due malfattori a bordo di uno scooter che le hanno rubato la borsa, per poi allontanarsi verso San Donato.
Lo scooter è stato poi ritrovato e risulta rubato. Nella borsa c'erano 60 euro, un libretto postale e un mazzo di chiavi.<|endoftext|>Published on Jul 18, 2015
Full 2015 documentary about how the Rockefeller family has become one of the most wealthy and most powerful families on earth.
1. Early life of John D. Rockefeller
This video shows the chronological time-line of the Rockefeller family, starting with how William Avery ‘Devil Bill’ Rockefeller Sr. (1810-1906) schooled his son John D. Rockefeller (1839-1937) to be a cunning businessman. ‘Devil Bill’ Rockefeller’s son John D. Rockefeller became successful in the commodities trade at a very young age
2. The creation of the biggest oil monopoly in the world.
John D. Rockefeller then decided to seek his fortune elsewhere and moved to Cleveland Ohio, where the oil business began to boom. There he established an oil refinery and gained prosperity through cunning plots, ruthlessness, conspiracy, shady deals and other criminal deeds. John D’s. “Standard Oil” company would grow and expand to become the biggest oil monopoly in the world. The Standard Oil monopoly got so big and powerful, that in 1911, the U.S. Supreme Court decided that the oil company violated the US Antitrust Law and that it had to be split up. This created various new successful Rockefeller oil companies, such as Exxon-Mobil (Esso), Chevron Corporation, Texaco and Gulf Oil. Having a positive effect on the stock market, the 1911 Supreme Court decision in effect made the Rockefeller family even more rich and powerful.
The Rockefellers have always had intimate business and family relations with other powerful family dynasties, such as the Morgan banking family, members of the steel magnates of the Carnegie family, the DuPont family and the Rothschild banking families from Europe. The Rockefellers were connected to the Union Pacific Railroad company of E.H. Harriman. They were involved in the sponsorship of the Kuhn & Loeb bank in the United Kingdom and they had numerous business deals with Hitler’s Nazi regime in Germany. There were the instrumental force behind the German chemical company I.G. Farben, which built and controlled the concentration camp Auschwitz, situated around the I.G. Farben chemical factory. Rockefeller’s Standard Oil patented fuel even powered the entire Nazi air force ‘the Luftwaffe’.
3. David Rockefeller in the 20th and 21st century.
During the 20th century David Rockefeller and other descendants of John D. Rockefeller maintained their wealth through banking, oil and expanded their power through politics and think-tanks or other non government organisations (NGOs). David Rockefeller, the oldest member of the Rockefeller family, is one of the founding members of the secretive Bilderberg Group, the Trilateral Commission and the Council on Foreign Relations.
4. The full dominance of the Rockefeller empire
The power of the Rockefeller family is not limited to the oil industry, they control large portions of the banking industry, the central banking system in the US through the Federal Reserve and overseas the European Central Bank. Through Rockefeller-controlled companies, organisations, think-tanks and other NGO’s the family created The United Nations, Bilderberg Group, Trilateral Commission, Council on Foreign Relations, Planned Parenthood, the Population Council, the Council of the Americas and the Rockefeller Foundation. Among other Rockefeller companies are: Monsanto, United Airlines, American Airlines, American Railroads, AT&T, Honeywell, Quaker Oats, and AXA Equitable Life Insurance. The estimated combined Rockefeller fortune is so big that it can be expressed in percentages of the entire US economy. The ultimate plan of these international oligarchs is to enslave humanity under a tyrannical one world government, ruled and controlled by them
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kağıdı ve su stoklamıştı ancak başka bir önlem almadığını söyledi.
Kiraladığı harabe evin alçak bir bölgede olmasına rağmen zarar görmediğini söyledi.
“Gücü kaybetmedik” dedi. “Biraz sel suyu vardı ama çok da kötü değil. Artık normale dönelim.”
Pazartesi sabahı, Tijuana şehir yetkilileri fırtınadan günler önce açtıkları geçici barınakları kapattı. Yüksek riskli bölgelerde yaşayan ve kötü havayı kuru karyolalarda beklemek için gelen birkaç düzine insan öğle vakti evlerine döndü.
Ancak pek çok bölge sakini, bu engebeli ve toprak kaymasına eğilimli şehirde evlerinin hâlâ gelecekteki fırtınaların tehdidiyle karşı karşıya olduğunu biliyor.
Oscar Soto, Pazartesi sabahı Tijuana’nın doğu yakasındaki yüksek bir uçurumdan bir alışveriş merkezine baktı. 74 yaşındaki adam, Hilary’nin şiddetli yağmurlarından ağır hasar gören devasa beton istinat duvarını işaret etti.
Duvar, uçurumun kenarında yer alan birçok apartman kompleksini heyelanlardan korumak için inşa edildi. Fırtınanın ardından duvar, toprak kütlesinin ağırlığı altında çökerek düzinelerce sakini tehdit etti.
“Şuna bak” dedi Soto. “Bu evler yıkılabilir”
Tijuana’da, önceki fırtınalar sırasında yıkılan çok sayıda binanın enkazının şehirlerarası otoyoldan görülebildiği bu tehlikeli manzara alışılmadık bir durum değil. Bu, evlerin uçurum kenarlarına çok yakın ve yetersiz destekle inşa edilmesinin bir sonucu.
Soto’nun dairesi kenardan daha uzakta yer alıyor ve bunun bir ölçüde rahatlık sağladığını söylüyor. Ama yine de Hilary gelmeden önce önlemini almıştı.
Soto, “Her şeyi kapattık ve pencereleri kapattık” dedi. “Hazırlandık ama hiçbir şey olmadı. Yağmur yağdı ve hepsi bu.”
Arabaların ve kamyonların bir günden daha az bir süre önce sular altında kaldığı Tijuana’nın güneyindeki kıyı bölgelerinde bile güneş parlıyordu ve birçok kişi için hayat normale dönüyordu.
Ancak bazı Tijuanalılar için bu hafta akıllarında kalan felaket Hilary değildi. Montserrat Guzman, pazartesi günü öğlen alışverişi sırasında, kayınvalidesinin evindeki fırtınayı atlattığını söyledi; kendisi ve çocukları, altı ay önce toprak kayması evlerini vurduğundan beri burada yaşıyorlar.
Şimdiye kadar geri dönmeyi umuyorlardı, ancak temmuz ayında bölgede çalışan müteahhitlerin heyelan yaratması nedeniyle tüm eşyalarını taşımak zorunda kaldılar.
Şimdi evi hâlâ ayakta ama tıpkı eski komşularının çoğu gibi oturulamaz durumda. Yetkililerin onlara bir çözüm sunacağını umuyorlar.
Umuttan endişeye dönmeden önce, “Ne olacağını görmemiz gerekiyor” dedi. “Evlerimizi kaybetmek üzereyiz”<|endoftext|>بازگشت ۵۴۳ تعاونی به چرخه فعالیت
زمین دار شو: معاون وزیر کار با اشاره به وجود 141 هزار تعاونی فعال در کشور از بازگشت 543 واحد تعاونی به چرخه فعالیت در جریان اجرای نهضت احیا در کشور آگاهی داد.
به گزارش زمین دار شو به نقل از ایسنا، سیاست فعال سازی واحدها و کارخانه های تعطیل شده و راه اندازی مجدد خطوط تولید، از اولویت های مهم دولت سیزدهم بشمار می رود.
به اعتقاد کارشناسان و فعالان حوزه کار، یکی از اقدامات شایسته و موثری که دولت با جدید در دستور کار قرار داده و درحال پیگیری است، موضوع فعال سازی مجدد کارخانه ها و بنگاه هایی است که از گردونه تولید خارج شده اند.
به زعم آنها، احیای کارخانه های تعطیل و راکد، اشتغال مجدد نیروهای کار را به همراه داشته و زمینه بازگشت نیروهای بیکار شده به چرخه فعالیت و رونق تولید و اشتغال را فراهم می آورد.
در راستای اجرای نهضت احیا، فعال سازی تعاونی هایی که به دلیلهای گوناگون همچون نبود نقدینگی، ناتوانی در پرداخت تسهیلات بانکی و برخی مشکلات حقوقی و مالی گرفتار رکود شده و تعطیل باقی مانده بودند نیز در دستور کار قرار گرفته است.
آنطور که مهدی مسکنی - معاون امور تعاون وزارت تعاون، کار و رفاه اجتماعی گفته طی تفاهم نامه ای که با معاونت توسعه روستایی و مناطق محروم ریاست جمهوری به امضا رسید، مقرر شده واحدهای تعاونی تولیدی هم در طرح نهضت احیا و راه اندازی مجدد واحدهای تولیدی و صنعتی راکد و نیمه فعال احیا شوند.
وی با اعلان اینکه نزدیک به ۱۵۰۰ تعاونی در پروسه نهضت احیا قرار گرفته اند، می گوید: بر طبق گزارش هایی که از ۳۰ استان کشور دریافت شده ۵۴۳ تعاونی غیرفعال و دارای قابلیت احیا شناسایی و وارد چرخه فعالیت شده اند.
به گفته معاون وزیر تعاون همچون علل غیر فعال شدن تعاونی ها در کشور، مسایل مالی و حقوقی است و خیلی از تعاونی های غیرفعال مربوط به بخش مسکن هستند که ماموریت آنها به انتها رسیده است.
نگاه به نظام های اقتصادی و اجتماعی خیلی از کشورهای جهان نشان میدهد که ایجاد و پشتیبانی از بنگاه های کوچک و متوسط یکی از اولویت های اساسی در برنامه های توسعه اقتصادی این کشورها محسوب می شود. این بنگاه ها با وجود آنکه به سرمایه گذاری کمتری نیاز دارند، بازدهی بیشتر داشته و در ایجاد اشتغال و درآمد نقش آفرین هستند. برمبنای آمارها هم اکنون از ۲۴۲ هزار تعاونی ثبت شده در کشور نزدیک به ۱۴۱ هزار تعاونی فعال می باشند.
به گزارش زمین دار شو به نقل از ایسنا، تقویت و پشتیبانی از بنگاه های کوچک و متوسط همچون راهکارهای پشتیبانی از تولید ملی و رشد و رونق اقتصادیست به همین دلیل تعاونی ها به عنوان بنگاه های کوچک و زودبازده نقش به سزایی در رشد و توسعه اقتصادی، ایجاد اشتغال پایدار، توزیع عادلانه درآمد، افزایش راندمان و رونق تولید دارند و بوسیله کارهای تعاونی، کیفیت و سطح زندگی مردم نیز ارتقا می یابد.
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2020-07-13 11:44
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森林吞噬她的那一刻，她把马踢得飞奔起来。哦，上帝她需要的不仅仅是食物，不仅仅是喝酒。有一次她狂野地骑着马穿过光秃秃的树，风吹着她的脸，一匹马在她脚下拼命加速。这可能不是正确的事情，但她也知道自己的名字，这对她来说是正确的。她不必在这里当女士，一个女儿在这里，这里有个妹妹。她只不过是塞雷娜而已。时光流逝，1421人进来了。Frodo在三月份又病了，但他费了很大的劲才把它藏起来，因为山姆还有别的事情要考虑。山姆和罗茜的孩子的第一个出生于三月第二十五日。
””你错了,”她说。”汤米也认为我是特别的。他教我各种各样的新事物——“”在厨房或卧室吗?我差点回击。”他是一个了不起的人,”快乐了。”是你不能面对现实。“我尽力帮助她。我尽可能地保护她。不能选择一个人胜过使命。你知道的。你是军人。”
我会为你煮的东西了。””他们parted-Lew回到Shoreham,杰克去曼哈顿。他擦他的手指对裤子的腿。第1章扭塔外域的海岸伊纳德对自己和同伴的攻击震惊了埃莉农。他的手在颤抖，Ed伸手去摸那只大狗的身体。“我很抱歉，男孩，“他低声说。“我很抱歉。”很长一段时间，他一动不动地站着，他的手仍然在狗上，仿佛他的触摸可能使动物复活。但最后他的手掉了下来，他又回到候车室。当他穿过门口看到女儿看着他时，他的梦的记忆在他的头脑中爆炸了，当梦中的声音再次对他大喊大叫时，他的女儿也是如此。
Grenn皱起了眉头。”你比我丑。至少我没有耳朵像蝙蝠。”””我感谢你们所有的人,”胖男孩严肃地说。”现在我的咖啡师们会不断的将热气腾腾的水渣,发送的香气丰富,朴实的无咖啡因的bean穿过人群。”脱咖啡因的过程是在一个世纪以前,德国”Ric继续说。”虽然有效,这远非一个完美的方法。””里克是个天生的推销员。他在房间里,着疲惫的观众的注意,大多数人听说过以上的介绍和销售场地。”
他们一起嘲笑,。”我应该喜欢听他们两个,”山姆承认,”但他们不希望我在那里。”他的脸都陷入困境。”他会让我再次战斗在明天,不是吗?”””他是谁,”Jon被迫说。山姆有尴尬起来。”我最好去睡觉。”停止它!”Jon愤怒。其他男孩陷入了沉默,吃了一惊,他突然愤怒。”听我说,”Jon说到安静,他告诉他们这是怎么了。Pyp支持他,他认识他,但当哈尔德说,这是一个惊喜。Grenn焦急的在第一个,但Jon知道的话他。一个接一个其余的线。
院子里已经死一般的安静。Jon能感觉到SerAlliser的眼睛。”你为什么等待?”他问拉斯特和其他人的声音看似柔软,但这是乔恩谁先移动。群众的回应。””塔克抓起一个托盘。”我要!”他唱的。但丁呼出与解脱。”
紧随其后的是一阵疼痛，然后是痛苦的尖叫。本能地猛踩刹车，他把变速箱塞进停车场，跳下车。他第一个可怕的念头是不知何故，他打了他自己的女儿。第二次，虽然，他看见艾米站在车道上，意识到她没有受伤，他感到一阵轻松。他的宽慰，然而，听到艾米喊叫时，他惊恐万分。“你杀了他！你杀了里利！““Ed看见那半块藏在汽车下面的黑色东西，顷刻之间，他又回到了自己的梦中，站在法院的窗口，凝视着躺在人行道上的赖利被砸烂的尸体，在卡车的轮子下面碾碎但这不是一个梦。拉斯特和一些其他的男孩都笑了。即使是这样,SerAlliser不会调用结束。”在你的脚上,Ser小猪,”他称。”拿起你的剑。”
当他们和他合并时，她的嘴唇软化了。然后以最温和的压力分手。在古老的节奏中，她的身体在他下面无耻地移动着。她不知道有那么多的感觉，不只是风、冷、热，不仅仅是饥饿和疲劳。数以百计，数以千计的感觉被嘴唇的融合所发现，身体的锁定有一个人的皮肤气味，她发现自己的舌头沿着他的咽喉柱移动，它的味道。她自己的名字在她嘴里喃喃自语。”我看着这个年轻人。他看向别处。然后一个强有力的手缠绕在我的,注入我的胳膊。”
水果非常丰富，年轻的霍比特人几乎沐浴在草莓和奶油中；后来他们坐在梅树下的草坪上吃东西，直到他们制造了一堆堆石头，像一个小金字塔或一个征服者堆积如山的头骨，然后他们继续前进。没有人生病，大家都很高兴，除了那些不得不割草的人。在南方，藤蔓满载，“叶”的产量惊人；到处都是那么多的玉米，每一个谷仓都被收割了。北方的大麦非常好，以至于1420麦芽啤酒被人们久久地记住，并成为一个代名词。因此，看起来确实很奇怪，尽管如此，1930年的昆塔是唯一完成的文本（在“素描”之后）“西马里昂”他曾经做过；但情况往往如此，外部压力支配着他的作品的演变。Quenta后来在20世纪30年代以一个新的版本在一个美丽的手稿，最后的标题是昆塔西尔莫利昂，Silmarilli的历史。这是，或者是，比前面的昆塔诺尔多林瓦长得多，但是这部作品本质上是对神话和传说的概括（如果充分地讲述，它们具有完全不同的性质和范围）的观念决不会消失，并在标题中再次定义：“Quest-SimaliLLION”。.…这是一个从许多古老的故事中概括出来的历史；因为它所包含的一切都是古老的，仍然是欧美地区的埃尔达在其他历史和歌曲中更详细地叙述。我父亲对《西玛利亚里翁》的看法似乎至少有可能是因为20世纪30年代的作品“昆塔阶段”开始于服务于特定目的的精简大纲，但随后，在连续的阶段中经历了扩展和精炼，直到它失去了大纲的外观，尽管如此，从其起源的形式来看，音调的一个特征“均匀”。我曾在其他地方写过“SimaliLLIN的简明或概括的形式和方式，关于诗歌时代和“传说”的建议在它背后，强烈唤起一种“千言万语，甚至在告诉他们；“距离“永远不会失去。
我可以看到受害者是男性。他降落在他的身边,他的头被所以我看不见他的脸。死者穿着一件黑色无尾礼服,类似马特穿着。我停止了呼吸。他的头发像马特的,同样的,厚和黑色。””是的,”卢说,他的喉结进出点了点头。”我可以看到。我明白我可以工作。但你需要一个封面故事。””当他们走出前门,运动在街上抓住杰克的眼睛。在最角落的财产给他的权利,一辆黑色轿车开始脱离控制。
这并不能使他成为一个绅士，要么。这一切使他成为贵族。无论如何，她不会把时间浪费在Ashburn伯爵身上。不能选择一个人胜过使命。你知道的。你是军人。”““你他妈的在说什么？“力拓咆哮着。你是个该死的政府特工，当瑞秋·凯利被折磨和被囚禁了一年时，你却袖手旁观？““那人闭上眼睛，嘴角淌着更多的血。
星期四将是碧波的生日，山姆，他说。他会通过旧的。他一百三十一岁了！’“他会的！Sam.说“他是个奇迹！’嗯，山姆，Frodo说，“我想让你见见罗丝，看看她能不能饶恕你，这样你和我就可以一起走了。他有点不耐烦地说。嗯，不太好，先生。让他们在地狱里燃烧吧。”“他从几英尺远的风中传来低沉的声音。里约热内卢和泰伦斯拖着步枪向上指向一个“方向”。死了”男人。只是他没有死。
胖男孩喊道,吓了一跳,不知何故,在一个心跳,他抽泣变成了笑声。琼恩雪诺同他笑了。后来他们坐在冰冷的地面,蜷缩在与鬼之间的斗篷。乔告诉他的故事和罗伯找到了小狗新生儿在夏天下雪。现在看来一千年前。不久他发现自己Winterfell说话。”如果她告诉她父亲布莱格姆敢于做什么……她停顿了片刻，因为她梦想着那种可能性。她的父亲会愤怒，咆哮，很可能在他悲惨的一寸之内鞭打这只英国狗。这使她再次微笑，Ashburn高大的伯爵在尘土中匍匐前进的画面，他那傲慢的灰色眼睛充满恐惧。
你有很多东西要学,我只是不想看到你学习很艰难。””快乐盯着距离。因为那一刻我长大她男朋友的不恰当的年龄,她拒绝直视我的眼睛。我停止了呼吸。他的头发像马特的,同样的,厚和黑色。喜悦慢慢地远离我。泪水从她的脸颊上。她的脸是幽灵般的白色。
“我希望如此，但有时我也会想，我们是否不应该把那个可怕的老地方拆掉，然后把它们处理掉。”““哦，主“艾德呻吟着。“也不是你！你开始听起来像EdnaBurnham了！“““我不是！“邦妮
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the historical concepts in use actually play a role as well in the concrete historical developments that occur within a period.
It is worth noticing that history comes into Koselleck’s notion of Begriffsgeschichte in two ways. Koselleck is concerned to uncover the logic and semantics of the concepts that have been used to describe historical events and processes; and he is interested in the historical evolution of some of those concepts over time. (In this latter interest his definition of the question parallels that of the so-called Cambridge School of Quentin Skinner, John Dunn, and J. G. A. Pocock.) Numerous observers emphasize the importance of political conflict in Koselleck’s account of historical concepts: concepts are used by partisans to define the field of battle over values and loyalties (Pankakoski 2010). More generally, Koselleck’s aim is to excavate the layers of meaning that have been associated with key historical concepts in different historical periods. (Whatmore and Young 2015 provide extensive and useful accounts of each of the positions mentioned here.)
Conceptual history may appear to have a Kantian background—an exploration of the “categories” of thought on the basis of which alone history is intelligible. But this appears not to be Koselleck’s intention, and his approach is not apriori. Rather, he looks at historical concepts on a spectrum of abstraction, from relatively close to events (the French Revolution) to more abstract (revolutionary change). Moreover, he makes rigorous attempts to discover the meanings and uses of these concepts in their historical contexts.
Koselleck’s work defines a separate space within the field of the philosophy of history. It has to do with meanings in history, but it is neither teleological nor hermeneutic. It takes seriously the obligation of the historian excavate the historical facts with scrupulous rigor, but it is not empiricist or reductionist. It emphasizes the dependence of “history” on the conceptual resources of those who live history and those who tell history, but it is not post-modernist or relativist. Koselleck provides an innovative and constructive way of formulating the problem of historical knowledge.
The traditions of empiricism and Anglo-American philosophy have also devoted occasional attention to history. Philosophers in this tradition have avoided the questions of speculative philosophy of history and have instead raised questions about the logic and epistemology of historical knowledge. Here the guiding question is, “What are the logical and epistemological characteristics of historical knowledge and historical explanation?”.
David Hume’s empiricism cast a dominant key for almost all subsequent Anglo-American philosophy, and this influence extends to the interpretation of human behavior and the human sciences. Hume wrote a widely read history of England (1754–1762). His interpretation of history was based on the assumption of ordinary actions, motives, and causes, with no sympathy for theological interpretations of the past. His philosophical view of history was premised on the idea that explanations of the past can be based on the assumption of a fixed human nature.
Anglo-American interest in the philosophy of history was renewed at mid-twentieth century with the emergence of “analytical philosophy of history.” Representative contributors include Dray (1957, 1964, 1966), Danto (1965), and Gardiner (1952, 1974). This approach involves the application of the methods and tools of analytic philosophy to the special problems that arise in the pursuit of historical explanations and historical knowledge (Gardiner 1952). Here the interest is in the characteristics of historical knowledge: how we know facts about the past, what constitutes a good historical explanation, whether explanations in history require general laws, and whether historical knowledge is underdetermined by available historical evidence. Analytic philosophers emphasized the empirical and scientific status of historical knowledge, and attempted to understand this claim along the lines of the scientific standing of the natural sciences (Nagel 1961).
Philosophers in the analytic tradition are deeply skeptical about the power of non-empirical reason to arrive at substantive conclusions about the structure of the world—including human history. Philosophical reasoning by itself cannot be a source of substantive knowledge about the natural world, or about the sequence of events, actions, states, classes, empires, plagues, and conquests that we call “history.” Rather, substantive knowledge about the world can only derive from empirical investigation and logical analysis of the consequences of these findings. So analytic philosophers of history have had little interest in the large questions about the meaning and structure of history considered above. The practitioners of speculative philosophy of history, on the other hand, are convinced of the power of philosophical thought to reason through to a foundational understanding of history, and would be impatient with a call for a purely empirical and conceptual approach to the subject.
W. H. Walsh’s Philosophy of History (Walsh 1960 ), first published in 1951 and revised in 1960, is an open-minded and well-grounded effort to provide an in-depth presentation of the field that crosses the separation between continental and analytical philosophy. The book attempts to treat both major questions driving much of the philosophy of history: the nature of historical knowledge and the possibility of gaining “metaphysical” knowledge about history. An Oxford philosopher trained in modern philosophy, Walsh was strongly influenced by Collingwood and was well aware of the European idealist tradition of philosophical thinking about history, including Rickert, Dilthey, and Croce, and he treats this tradition in a serious way. He draws the distinction between these traditions along the lines of “critical” and “speculative” philosophy of history. Walsh’s goal for the book is ambitious; he hopes to propose a framework within which the main questions about history can be addressed, including both major traditions. He advances the view that the historian is presented with a number of events, actions, and developments during a period. How do they hang together? The process of cognition through which the historian makes sense of a set of separate historical events Walsh refers to as “colligation” — “to locate a historical event in a larger historical process in terms of which it makes sense” (23).
Walsh fundamentally accepts Collingwood’s most basic premise: that history concerns conscious human action. Collingwood’s slogan was that “history is the science of the mind,” and Walsh appears to accept much of this perspective. So the key intellectual task for the historian, on this approach, is to reconstruct the reasons or motives that actors had at various points in history (and perhaps the conditions that led them to have these reasons and motives). This means that the tools of interpretation of meanings and reasons are crucial for the historian—much as the hermeneutic philosophers in the German tradition had argued.
Walsh suggests that the philosophical content of the philosophy of history falls naturally into two different sorts of inquiry, parallel to the distinction between philosophy of nature and philosophy of science. The first has to do with metaphysical questions about the reality of history as a whole; the latter has to do with the epistemic issues that arise in the pursuit and formulation of knowledge of history. He refers to these approaches as “speculative” and “critical” aspects of the philosophy of history. And he attempts to formulate a view of what the key questions are for each approach. Speculative philosophy of history asks about the meaning and purpose of the historical process. Critical philosophy of history is what we now refer to as “analytic” philosophy; it is the equivalent for history of what the philosophy of science is for nature.
The philosopher of science Carl Hempel stimulated analytic philosophers’ interest in historical knowledge in his essay, “The Function of General Laws in History” (1942). Hempel’s general theory of scientific explanation held that all scientific explanations require subsumption under general laws. Hempel considered historical explanation as an apparent exception to the covering-law model and attempted to show the suitability of the covering-law model even to this special case. He argued that valid historical explanations too must invoke general laws. The covering-law approach to historical explanation was supported by other analytical philosophers of science, including Ernest Nagel (1961). Hempel’s essay provoked a prolonged controversy between supporters who cited generalizations about human behavior as the relevant general laws, and critics who argued that historical explanations are more akin to explanations of individual behavior, based on interpretation that makes the outcome comprehensible. Especially important discussions were offered by William Dray (1957), Michael Scriven (1962), and Alan Donagan (1966). Donagan and others pointed out the difficulty that many social explanations depend on probabilistic regularities rather than universal laws. Others, including Scriven, pointed out the pragmatic features of explanation, suggesting that arguments that fall far short of deductive validity are nonetheless sufficient to “explain” a given historical event in a given context of belief. The most fundamental objections, however, are these: first, that there are virtually no good examples of universal laws in history, whether of human behavior or of historical event succession (Donagan 1966: 143–45); and second, that there are other compelling schemata through which we can understand historical actions and outcomes that do not involve subsumption under general laws (Elster 1989). These include the processes of reasoning through which we understand individual actions—analogous to the methods of verstehen and the interpretation of rational behavior mentioned above (Dray 1966: 131–37); and the processes through which we can trace out chains of causation and specific causal mechanisms without invoking universal laws.
A careful re-reading of these debates over the covering-law model in history suggests that the debate took place largely because of the erroneous assumption of the unity of science and the postulation of the regulative logical similarity of all areas of scientific reasoning to a few clear examples of explanation in a few natural sciences. This approach was a deeply impoverished one, and handicapped from the start in its ability to pose genuinely important questions about the nature of history and historical knowledge. Explanation of human actions and outcomes should not be understood along the lines of an explanation of why radiators burst when the temperature falls below zero degrees centigrade. As Donagan concludes, “It is harmful to overlook the fundamental identity of the social sciences with history, and to mutilate research into human affairs by remodeling the social sciences into deformed likenesses of physics” (1966: 157). The insistence on naturalistic models for social and historical research leads easily to a presumption in favor of the covering-law model of explanation, but this presumption is misleading.
Another issue that provoked significant attention among analytic philosophers of history is the issue of “objectivity.” Is it possible for historical knowledge to objectively represent the past? Or are forms of bias, omission, selection, and interpretation such as to make all historical representations dependent on the perspective of the individual historian? Does the fact that human actions are value-laden make it impossible for the historian to provide a non-value-laden account of those actions?
This topic divides into several different problems, as noted by John Passmore (1966: 76). The most studied of these within the analytic tradition is that of the value-ladenness of social action. Second is the possibility that the historian’s interpretations are themselves value-laden—raising the question of the capacity for objectivity or neutrality of the historian herself. Does the intellectual have the ability to investigate the world without regard to the biases that are built into her political or ethical beliefs, her ideology, or her commitments to a class or a social group? And third is the question of the objectivity of the historical circumstances themselves. Is there a fixed historical reality, independent from later representations of the facts? Or is history intrinsically “constructed,” with no objective reality independent from the ways in which it is constructed? Is there a reality corresponding to the phrase, “the French Revolution,” or is there simply an accumulation of written versions of the French Revolution?
There are solutions to each of these problems that are highly consonant with the philosophical assumptions of the analytic tradition. First, concerning values: There is no fundamental difficulty in reconciling the idea of a researcher with one set of religious values, who nonetheless carefully traces out the religious values of a historical actor possessing radically different values. This research can be done badly, of course; but there is no inherent epistemic barrier that makes it impossible for the researcher to examine the body of statements, behaviors, and contemporary cultural institutions corresponding to the other, and to come to a justified representation of the other. One need not share the values or worldview of a sans-culotte, in order to arrive at a justified appraisal of those values and worldview. This leads us to a resolution of the second issue as well—the possibility of neutrality on the part of the researcher. The set of epistemic values that we impart to scientists and historians include the value of intellectual discipline and a willingness to subject their hypotheses to the test of uncomfortable facts. Once again, review of the history of science and historical writing makes it apparent that this intellectual value has effect. There are plentiful examples of scientists and historians whose conclusions are guided by their interrogation of the evidence rather than their ideological presuppositions. Objectivity in pursuit of truth is itself a value, and one that can be followed.
Finally, on the question of the objectivity of the past: Is there a basis for saying that events or circumstances in the past have objective, fixed characteristics that are independent from our representation of those events? Is there a representation-independent reality underlying the large historical structures to which historians commonly refer (the Roman Empire, the Great Wall of China, the imperial administration of the Qianlong Emperor)? We can work our way carefully through this issue, by recognizing a distinction between the objectivity of past events, actions and circumstances, the objectivity of the contemporary facts that resulted from these past events, and the objectivity and fixity of large historical entities. The past occurred in precisely the way that it did—agents acted, droughts occurred, armies were defeated, new technologies were invented. These occurrences left traces of varying degrees of information richness; and these traces give us a rational basis for arriving at beliefs about the occurrences of the past. So we can offer a non-controversial interpretation of the “objectivity of the past.” However, this objectivity of events and occurrences does not extend very far upward as we consider more abstract historical events: the creation of the Greek city-state, the invention of Enlightenment rationality, the Taiping Rebellion. In each of these instances the noun’s referent is an interpretive construction by historical actors and historians, and one that may be undone by future historians. To refer to the “Taiping Rebellion” requires an act of synthesis of a large number of historical facts, along with an interpretive story that draws these facts together in this way rather than that way. The underlying facts of behavior, and their historical traces, remain; but the knitting-together of these facts into a large historical event does not constitute an objective historical entity. Consider research in the past twenty years that questions the existence of the “Industrial Revolution.” In this debate, the same set of historical facts were first constructed into an abrupt episode of qualitative change in technology and output in Western Europe; under the more recent interpretation, these changes were more gradual and less correctly characterized as a “revolution” (O’Brien and Keyder 1978). Or consider Arthur Waldron’s sustained and detailed argument to the effect that there was no “Great Wall of China,” as that structure is usually conceptualized (1990).
A third important set of issues that received attention from analytic philosophers concerned the role of causal ascriptions in historical explanations. What is involved in saying that “The American Civil War was caused by economic conflict between the North and the South”? Does causal ascription require identifying an underlying causal regularity—for example, “periods of rapid inflation cause political instability”? Is causation established by discovering a set of necessary and sufficient conditions? Can we identify causal connections among historical events by tracing a series of causal mechanisms linking one to the next? This topic raises the related problem of determinism in history: are certain events inevitable in the circumstances? Was the fall of the Roman Empire inevitable, given the configuration of military and material circumstances prior to the crucial events?
Analytic philosophers of history most commonly approached these issues on the basis of a theory of causation drawn from positivist philosophy of science. This theory is ultimately grounded in Humean assumptions about causation: that causation is nothing but constant conjunction. So analytic philosophers were drawn to the covering-law model of explanation, because it appeared to provide a basis for asserting historical causation. As noted above, this approach to causal explanation is fatally flawed in the social sciences, because universal causal regularities among social phenomena are unavailable. So it is necessary either to arrive at other interpretations of causality or to abandon the language of causality. A second approach was to define causes in terms of a set of causally relevant conditions for the occurrence of the event—for example, necessary and/or sufficient conditions, or a set of conditions that enhance or reduce the likelihood of the event. This approach found support in “ordinary language” philosophy and in analysis of the use of causal language in such contexts as the courtroom (Hart and Honoré 1959). Counterfactual reasoning is an important element of discovery of a set of necessary and/or sufficient conditions; to say that \(C\) was necessary for the occurrence of \(E\) requires that we provide evidence that \(E\) would not have occurred if \(C\) were not present (Mackie 1965, 1974). And it is evident that there are causal circumstances in which no single factor is necessary for the occurrence of the effect; the outcome may be overdetermined by multiple independent factors.
The convergence of reasons and causes in historical processes is helpful in this context, because historical causes are frequently the effect of deliberate human action (Davidson 1963). So specifying the reason for the action is simultaneously identifying a part of the cause of the consequences of the action. It is often justifiable to identify a concrete action as the cause of a particular event (a circumstance that was sufficient in the existing circumstances to bring about the outcome), and it is feasible to provide a convincing interpretation of the reasons that led the actor to carry out the action.
What analytic philosophers of the 1960s did not come to, but what is crucial for current understanding of historical causality, is the feasibility of tracing causal mechanisms through a complex series of events (causal realism). Historical narratives often take the form of an account of a series of events, each of which was a causal condition or trigger for later events. Subsequent research in the philosophy of the social sciences has provided substantial support for historical explanations that depend on tracing a series of causal mechanisms (Little 2018; Hedström and Swedberg 1998).
English-speaking philosophy of history shifted significantly in the 1970s, beginning with the publication of Hayden White’s Metahistory (1973) and Louis Mink’s writings of the same period (1966; Mink et al. 1987). The so-called “linguistic turn” that marked many areas of philosophy and literature also influenced the philosophy of history. Whereas analytic philosophy of history had emphasized scientific analogies for historical knowledge and advanced the goals of verifiability and generalizability in historical knowledge, English-speaking philosophers in the 1970s and 1980s were increasingly influenced by hermeneutic philosophy, post-modernism, and French literary theory (Rorty 1979). These philosophers emphasized the rhetoric of historical writing, the non-reducibility of historical narrative to a sequence of “facts”, and the degree of construction that is involved in historical representation. Affinities with literature and anthropology came to eclipse examples from the natural sciences as guides for representing historical knowledge and historical understanding. The richness and texture of the historical narrative came in for greater attention than the attempt to provide causal explanations of historical outcomes. Frank Ankersmit captured many of these themes in his treatment of historical narrative (1995; Ankers
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. علاوه بر این ۲۰ درصد افراد اعلام کردند که معمولاً پس از دریافت واکسنها دچار ضعف میشوند.
بیشتر علائم ذکر شده پس از گذشت ۱۵ دقیقه بهبود پیدا کرد در حالی که ۲۰ درصد بیماران به مدت طولانیتر در بیمارستان بستری شدند تا تحت مراقبت قرار گیرند.
توصیه شده است افراد به منظور کاهش اضطراب خود پیش از دریافت واکسن کرونا نفس عمیق بکشند، تمرینات ریلکسیشن انجام دهند، مصرف کافئین خود را محدود کنند و به مقدار کافی مایعات بنوشند و از رژیم غذایی مناسب پیروی کنند.
دلیل بروز اضطراب در زمان دریافت واکسن کووید -۱۹، جدید بودن آن و محتملات تأثیر آن بر پایان بخشیدن به همهگیری جهانی است.
این مطالعه فقط واکنشهای مربوط به اضطراب را پس از دریافت واکسن جانسون اند جانسون بررسی کرده، اما ممکن است این علائم پس از تزریق هر نوع واکسن کرونا رخ دهد. لازم است مطالعات بیشتری بشود تا تأثیر واکسنهای کرونا بر بدن افراد مشخص شود./ ایمنا<|endoftext|>Bloomfield, Philip E. Department of Physics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; City College, City University of New York, New York, New York
Steele, William A. Formerly, Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania.
- A system and its boundaries
- State of a system
- Process path
- Pressure-volume-temperature diagram
- Work of a process
- Temperature-entropy diagram
- Reversible processes
- Irreversible processes
- Links to Primary Literature
- Additional Readings
Changes of any property of an aggregation of matter and energy, accompanied by thermal effects. The participants in a process are first identified as a system to be studied; the boundaries of the system are established; the initial state of the system is determined; the path of the changing states is laid out; and, finally, supplementary data are stated to establish the thermodynamic process. These steps will be explained in the following paragraphs. At all times it must be remembered that the only processes which are allowed are those compatible with the first and second laws of thermodynamics: Energy is neither created nor destroyed and the entropy of the system plus its surroundings always increases.
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انفجار! اسلحه ها واقعاً شبیه به این هستند ، می دانید. انفجار! و مردم از همه جا خونریزی می کنند و خون قرمزتر از آن است که شما فکر می کنید. و کودکان خردسال در تابوت ها سرگرم کننده به نظر می رسند. فکر می کنم به همین دلیل قرار نیست که آنها در یک قرار بگیرند. ماان تنها سیزده سال دارد ، اما در طول زندگی قبلاً با شهرک های بیشتری روبرو بوده است. خانواده او هنوز در حال تیراندازی غم انگیز برادر کوچک ترش ، جیسون ، هستند که هر یک به روش خود از اندوه رنج می برد. مادر مان غذا خوردن را متوقف کرده و در حفظ حافظه جیسون وسواس دارد ، در حالی که پدرش معتقد است ارائه لبه سخت تنها راه جلوگیری از آماری شدن پسر باقی مانده اش است. ماان قبلاً سوار بر اسب می شد و سوار می شد ، اما اکنون برای جلوگیری از احساساتش همه تلاش خود را می کند: درگیری در مدرسه درگیر شدن ، نیمه شب خوشحال بودن و خیلی بدتر. پدرش ، در پایان شوخ طبعی ، فقط فکر می کند که چگونه پسرش را به یک مرد یاد می دهد: او و دوستش کی لی را در جنگل رها می کند تا آنها را در خانه تنها بگذارد. اکنون مان ، در تلاش برای یافتن راه خود برای رسیدن به تمدن ، باید خود را به واقعیت های دنیایی که برادر کوچکترش را دزدیده است ، متصل کند و حتی مطمئن نیست که هنوز به مان قانع شده است. یک چرخش اشتباه و ممکن است همه چیز برای او نیز تمام شود. انفجار.
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دانلود pdf کتاب Bang!<|endoftext|>吸管，让喝牛奶变成一种乐趣
据Milk Processor Education Program（牛奶加工培训计划 MilkPEP）近期的一个研究报告称，该机构对圣路易斯地区的300所学校进行了调查，发现了如何才能使牛奶更受美国儿童的欢迎。当牛奶口味多样（例如香草味和草莓味），包装精美时，孩子们会选择饮用牛奶，而不是其他饮料。Peter Baron是Unistraw国际控股有限公司的创始人和董事，同时他也是一个发明家。他长期致力于改进牛奶的调味方法，使其更加卫生、方便、健康和可口，从而使牛奶更受人们的欢迎。
Sipahh 牛奶调味吸管于去年10 月在德国科隆国际食品展览会上正式推出，其采用了专利Unistraw 系统，可以在饮料通过吸管时终究要思索哪些要素？在选择拉力机夹具的时分将调味“珠子”溶入其中。Baron说，该系统由吸管、过滤器和调味颗粒三部分组成，克服了以往滋味吸管产品的缺点。
该系统的第一个组件——吸管——是现有的汽车出于安全性和耐久性斟酌由透明的食用级聚丙烯可再生材料制成的，其中添加了食用级增塑剂/增韧剂以防止吸管破裂或者断裂。吸管的直径大约为0.26英寸，长度大约为7.08英寸。过滤器摩擦磨损试验机常用的标准也由食用级聚丙烯材料制成，被焊接在吸管的两端，并且采用了专利的圆锥形状，将液体通过吸管时所受到的阻力降到最小，同将该公司的UniBead调味颗粒保留在吸管当中。
每根吸管含有大约4克的UniBead，其为直径0.08英寸的圆形颗粒，可以溶入饮料当中，增加其中的味道、维生素或者其他的成份。这些UniBead颗粒是由Unstraw位于澳大利亚新南威尔士的工厂生产的，采用了该公司开发的工艺和设备。同样，吸管的安装和填充设备也是由Baron设计的，并且得到了机械设计专家的协助。该公司称，Unistraw灌装机是目前最先进的全自动设备，每分钟可以生产大约200个产品。
虽然目前该公司的Sipahh 牛奶调味吸管是由Unistraw自行生产的，但是该公司的市场营销总监David Levin说，将来他们会将Unistraw 技术和生产设备授权给其他公司。“美国就是这样的一个市场，将来我们会授权其他公司使用Unistr发现了类似的体外实验结果aw灌注机来生产Sipahh。”他还说该产品预计将于今年在美国的部分市场上推出。
在澳大利亚，Sipahh于十月份上市，其中包括巧克力味、草莓味、香蕉味和焦糖味。Levine说：“Sipahh并具体介绍了各类材料在长城汽车车型上的利用的味道好极了，并且给孩子们带来了一种与众不同的体验”。“Sipahh还有自然色素，不含人工香料或者防这对研究计算机控制具有重要意义腐剂，只相当于在一杯牛奶中加了半勺糖。”包装包括10包装（供大型超市）、3包装（供便利店）和单根吸管（供在学校销售）。
Levine说，Sipahh一经推出就受到了广泛的欢迎，销售量每个星期都有增加，使牛奶调味类产品的销量增长了超过25％。当然这让零售商们兴奋不已，并且继续加大了对该品牌的推广力度。
Unistraw系统还可用于将维生素及其他营养素、营养成份、活性成份或者药物输送到饮料当中。
信息来源：包装博览宝宝健脾的食物菜谱
感冒鼻塞乏力吃什么药
同仁堂坤宝丸可以调月经吗<|endoftext|>1956 3¢ Wheatland
Issue Date: August 5, 1956
City: Lancaster, Pennsylvania
Printed by: Bureau of Engraving and Printing
Printing Method: Rotary Press
Perforations: 11 x 10 ½
Color: Black brown
U.S. #1081 pictures Wheatland, the home of U.S. President James Buchanan. Built in 1828 in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, the Wheatland mansion is an outstanding example of federal architecture. The mansion was constructed by wealthy lawyer and banker William Jenkins. Jenkins named the estate “The Wheatlands,” after the rich fields of wheat that surrounded the property. In 1848, James Buchanan (1791-1868), at that time the U.S. Secretary of State, purchased the 22 acres of land, mansion, and other attached properties for $9,000. Buchanan shortened the name to “Wheatland.”
Wheatland is considered an important architectural period piece and a historical shrine. Remarkably preserved, the mansion is open for tours for much of the year.
James Buchanan (1791-1868)
15th President of the United States
James Buchanan’s presidency began with his involvement in a Supreme Court case, and ended with a nation torn in two. From the Dred Scott decision in the United States Supreme Court, to the secession of seven Southern states by the end of his term, Buchanan is permanently linked to the most bitter divide in the country’s history – the Civil War.
Buchanan was labeled by many a “doughface” – a Northerner with Southern sympathies. Formal and stately in manner, Buchanan was unable to grasp the passions dividing the nation. The division would overwhelm him; he refused to consider the use of force to preserve the Union even as Confederate troops were gathering. He urged compromise, but the two factions were long past talking, and his proposed solutions were ignored by both parties.
Buchanan left office powerless, and the divided nation was on the brink of more than four tragic years of war. He returned to Wheatland after his presidency, and died there three years after the end of the American Civil War.<|endoftext|>Washington D.C. — As if autonomous drones launching Hellfire missiles at targets acquired through the collection of metadata weren’t horrifying enough, the US military now has its own death rays — no kidding.
Since the days of Nikola Tesla, and his plans of a death ray, the up and coming military industrial complex has salivated over the idea of direct energy weapons. For pennies, the US could lay waste to their enemies instead of using highly expensive missile systems. However, this technology and the resources to build it remained elusive — until now.
Directed energy weapons (DEWs) are systems that emit energy without the means of a projectile, and can use visible light, infra-red or microwave radiation, with lethal effects.
The weapons are said to be particularly useful for targeting large numbers of targets with high precision, and some estimates put the cost of each shot of directed energy at just $1.
“The technologies now exist,” said Paul Shattuck, company director for Directed Energy Systems. “They can be packaged into a size, weight, power and thermal which can be fit onto relevant tactical platforms, whether it’s a ship, whether it’s a ground vehicle or whether it’s an airborne platform.
“So everything exists today,” he said, “it’s just a question of the desire and when is that going to occur.”
Lockheed Martin has already shown the deadly accuracy of these weapons in tests. In milliseconds, one of their 30 KW laser weapons will melt a hole through solid steel.
When Defense News asked Lockheed Martin if they came to them tomorrow and asked for a laser weapon in the 30 KW range, the company said yes.
According to Defense News, that doesn’t mean that giant city-melting lasers are on their way. Right now, the weapons are limited to the 15-30 KW scale; going much further requires figuring out how to deal with atmospheric interference, an issue which becomes more complicated with weapons mounted on airborne systems.
However, Lockheed said that making a larger laser is similar to building out computer servers — Once you figure out how to connect them all, you can add more power by adding another server. The same is true for the laser weapons: you add more power slots into the rack and increase its power.
Just last year, the company held a demonstration at which they took out unmanned systems from over a mile away, melted a car engine, and sank a boat.
While they have only mastered the 30 KW system, Lockheed Martin says they are on track to deliver a 60 KW laser for the Army by the end of the year.
On one side of the issue, there is a bit of relief when taking into account the collateral damage associated with the U.S. military’s “surgical” drone strikes. However, the idea of such a powerful weapon in the hands of any government willing to go to war is terrifying.
Imagine the deadly capabilities running rampant in America’s kill-happy police state. The CIA could target domestic “terrorists” from miles away and burn holes through their heads without the need for any due process. Militaries could silently target a nuclear reactor and cause a Chernobyl-type event in seconds, and no one would know who did it. Enemies of the state could be wiped out silently and simultaneously without any evidence of what happened. Planes could be zapped out of the sky. The dangers are limitless.
Of course, the Pentagon is touting the “defense” capabilities of such weapons. However, with America’s track record in spreading death and destruction, the blacked-out apocalyptic sky is the limit.<|endoftext|>امیر، وبر، برد، بومیا و تیلور (۲۰۰۸) تاثیر و گسترش اجرای تک جلسه ای طرح فوق رو بر تکلیف سخنرانی[۱] سبک و سنگین کردن. افراد گروه اصلاح سوگیری توجه که در جهت توجه به چهره های خنثی آموزش دیده بودن در مقایسه با گروه کنترل، اضطراب کمتری در بین سخنرانی نشون دادن و ارزیابان کارکرد اون ها رو مثبت تر درجه بندی کردن. در تبیین یافته ها مطرح شد که اثرات اصلاح سوگیری توجه بر اضطراب به واسطه ارتقا توانمندی بازگیری توجه از نشونه های تهدید در موقعیت سخنرانی شکل گرفته.
در مطالعه ای دیگه، امیر و همکاران (۲۰۰۹) اثرات روش آموزش توجه (۸ جلسه آموزشی) رو بر علائم اضطراب اجتماعی در ۴۴ فرد گرفتار به ترس اجتماعی منتشر بررسی کردن. در برنامه اصلاح توجه، پروب در تموم تلاش ها جای تصویر چهره خنثی ارائه می شد و پس توجه به دور از تهدید جهت داده می شد و در گروه کنترل، پروب با زیادی برابر جانشین تصاویر چهره تهدیدآمیز و خنثی می شد. یافته های، افزایش بازگیری توجه از تهدید پشت آزمون گروه اصلاح توجه نسبت به پیش آزمون رو نشون دادن. هم از نظر متخصص بالینی و هم در اندازه های خودگزارشی هم علائم اضطراب اجتماعی کمتری در این گروه گزارش شد. پشت آزمون ۵۰ درصد شرکت کنندگان گروه اصلاح سوگیری و ۱۴ درصد شرکت کنندگان گروه کنترل ملاک های تشخیصی DSM-IV واسه مشکل ترس اجتماعی منتشر رو برآورد نکردن. کم شدن نشونه های در گروه اصلاح توجه، در پیگیری ۴ ماهه موندگاری داشت.
اشمیت، ریچی، بوکنر و تیمپانو (۲۰۰۹) در طرحی مشابه به این سوال پرداختن که آموزش بیماران با اضطراب اجتماعی منتشر درجهت درگیر نشدن با نشونه های اجتماعی منفی می تونه به بهتر شدن اضطراب اجتماعی منجر شه یا خیر. شرکت کنندگان پس از مصاحبه بالینی-تشخیصی و تکمیل امتحان های خودگزارشی، به تصادف در دو گروه آموزش توجه و کنترل قرار گرفتن. مرحله دخالت شامل ۸ جلسه ۱۵ دقیقه ای (به مدت ۲ هفته) بود و پس آزمون یه هفته بعد از جلسه آخر انجام شد. در گروه آموزش، پروب در کل ۱۶۰ تلاش، در ۸۰ درصد موارد جانشین چهره خنثی شد ولی در گروه کنترل احتمال جایگزینی پروب به جای چهره خنثی و انزجاری مساوی بود. همون طور که پیش بینی می شد، بیماران گروه آزمایش در مقایسه با گروه کنترل، کاهش بیشتری در اضطراب اجتماعی و اضطراب خصلتی نشون دادن. در آخر ۷۲ درصد بیماران گروه آزمایش و ۱۱ درصد بیماران گروه کنترل، ملاک های مشکل اضطراب اجتماعی منتشر رو نداشتن. پس از ۴ ماه پیگیری، بیماران گروه آزمایش، بهبودی بالینی خود رو حفظ کرده بودن.
کاستر، بائرت، بوک استال و رات (۲۰۱۰) در بررسی اثرات کاهش سوگیری توجه بر مراحل پردازش اولیه و بعدی تهدید این یافته رو گزارش کردن که کاهش سوگیری توجه در مرحله اولیه پردازش اطلاعات، با ارائه ۳۰ هزارم ثانیه و ۱۰۰ هزارم ثانیه محرک موثر نیس و این تاثیر در مراحل بعدی رخ می دهد.
با اینکه بیشتر تحقیقات آزمایشگاهی نشون دادن که اصلاح سوگیری توجه به اطلاعات منفی موجب تخفیف عکس العمل اضطرابی به استرسورهای طرح ریزی شده
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ler, ama hepsi hatalıydı. " Makalenin yazarı, Taganrog fabrikalarındaki işçilerin makine tamirinde sahip oldukları büyük yardımdan bahsediyor. Komşu bölgelerin çiftlikleri tohumlara yardım etti. Bölge arşivi, 10'te ekim için tohum toplama üzerine bir belge saklar. "
Bölge parti komitesi bürosunun toplantısında (Aralık 18 3'ten itibaren 1943. Dakika), “kişisel stoklarından bahar bitkilerinin olası tohum materyali miktarını toplamaya karar verildi. Toplantının ardından ikinci günde, kg tahıl ve diğer mahsuller toplu çiftliklere verildi”.
O sonbaharda, bölgedeki kolektif ve eyalet çiftlikleri, savaş öncesi kışlık ekimin yaklaşık yüzde 687'uydu. Hasat oldukça iyi olduğu ortaya çıktı, devlete 23 66 pound ekmek verildi.
Çamur arabalarından kadınların ve çocukların ellerini çekti
Matveyev-Kurgan bölgesel yönetim kurulu başkanı G.S. Tokarev. 1990'taki bölge gazetesi Zvezda tarafından hatırası yayınlandı: “Kadınlar, çocuklar ve yaşlılar tüm emek yüklerini omuzlarına koydular. En iyi kolektif çiftlikler bile kaldı. En iyisi cepheye verildi.
Eller, her yerdeki insanların elleri - kadınlar, çocuklar. Arabaları ektiler, temizlediler, ağır çuvallar yüklediler ve tedarik merkezlerine tahıl gönderdiler. 1944 sonbaharında, Kulbakovo köyünün çiftçileri bulanık bir yağmurda ekmek verdi. Arabaların elle çekilmesi gereken bir kir vardı. Önlerinde bir Ael sloganı vardı: "Her şey ön için, her şey zafer için." Dullar ve yetimler o sırada sık sık akıyordu, ancak iş terk edilmedi. Geceleri, uykusuzluktan gözler birbirine sıkıştığında, yorgun kadınlar ılık ordu çorapları ve ordu askerleri için eldivenler ördüler. Her aile ısısının küçük bir kısmını akrabaların, akrabaların ve hatta yabancı askerlerin önüne gönderdi. İnsanlar tasarruflarını istekli olarak savaş fonu Liberated Matveyev Kurgan ile olan savaş uçağı bağlantısının inşası için tasarlanan XXUMX Devlet Bankası özel hesabına bağışladılar.
Emek featinin resmi diğer tanıklar tarafından tamamlanmaktadır. 1926 doğumlu Lyubov Ivanovna Strizhakova şöyle hatırlıyor: “Elle ekildiler. öğütmek. Bu harman tahılı saman ve samantan ayırdı. Orada da çalışmak zordu. ”
asilik
Bölge arşivinde, 1943-44'teki bölge yürütme kurulu tarafından düzenlenen çalışmanın bir resminin eski haline getirilmesine olanak sağlayan belgeler bulunmaktadır. Uzun zaman boyunca, insanlar yalnızca işgal yıllarında kendilerine güvendiler ve genellikle toplu çiftlikler de dahil olmak üzere üretimde çalışma alışkanlıklarını kaybettikleri ortaya çıktı. Yetkililerin katılımı olmadan kendileri için yiyecek almayı, yerine aldatmayı ve itaat etmemeyi öğrendiler. Bu nedenle, bölge yürütme kurulu tarafından belirtilen faaliyetler her zaman gerçekleştirilmedi, çoğu zaman göz ardı edildi. İnsanın bazı şeyleri yiyecek alışverişinde bulunmak ya da kendi bahçesini almak için bir tür sosyal hizmete gitmekten daha fazla bir yolculuğa çıkması daha muhtemeldi.
Bölge yönetim kurulunun toplantı tutanakları, insanların düzenli bir yaşam tarzına dönmelerinin ne kadar zor olduğunu okuyabilir. Arşiv, uzlaştırma kurumlarının inşası ve restorasyonu ile ilgili kararları yerine getirmeyen liderlerin görevden alındığı söylenen iki belgeyi buldu.
Çeşitli ilçe hizmetlerinin başkanlarının raporlarını yansıtan birçok belge vardır. Genelde, ilçe icra kurulu üyelerinin çalışma süresinden memnun olmadıklarından, ceza sorumluluğu dahil olmak üzere raporlama yöneticilerine uygulanan sert tedbirlerden söz edildi.
Köyün nüfusu çok küçüktü, özellikle inşaatçılar olmak üzere tüm uzmanlık alanlarından yeterli işçi yoktu. Böylece, Kasım 9 1943, inşaatçıları "yandan" çekmenin konusu olarak kabul edildi. Bu nedenle, gündemde şu soru yer aldı: "İnşaat uzmanlığı olan kişilerin tescili ve tescili hakkında". Karar verildi: "... kayıt için başvurmayı reddeden failler bir 100 ruble para cezasına çarptırıldı ve kötü niyetli durumlarda cezai sorumluluğa maruz kaldılar."
Fırın, çarşı, kredi, mahkemeler
Birçok olay makul ve zamanında yapıldı. 1943’in sonbaharında barış hayatını iyileştirmek için birçok faaliyet planlandı:
- çalışma popülasyonunu Matveyev Kurgan istasyonunda demiryolu inşaatı için seferber etmek;
- Alandaki iletişim ofisi, posta, telefon ve radyo iletişim çalışmalarına devam etmek;
- kuyuların temizliği ve onarımı, çöplerin temizlenmesi, sanitasyon konusundaki konuşmalar ve dersler düzenlemek;
- sıtma ile iş düzenlemek; iki aydan sekiz yıla kadar çocuklarda difteri ve çiçek hastalığına karşı aşılanma;
- yıkılan binalardaki pencere ve kapı boşluklarının döşenmesini düzenlemek;
- bir fırın inşa etmek;
- Bireysel inşaatlar için toplu çiftçilere, savaş geçersizliklerine, askeri personel ailelerine kredi tahsis etmek;
- bir pazar açmak;
- mahkemenin çalışmalarını düzenlemek;
- Alandaki canlı hayvanların yanı sıra öğretmenler, doktorlar, işletmeler ve yüzölçüm bir hesabını yürütmek.
Belgelerden salgınların olasılığının da büyük ve çok tehlikeli olduğu açıktır. Pek çok kuyu tahrip edildiğinde, yıkamak zordur, çevresinde soğuk ve tahribat vardı, difteri ve çiçek hastalığı, tifo ve sıtma gibi hastalıklara neden olan iyi korkular.
İlk öğretmenlerdi
Yeteri kadar doktor yoktu, yeteri kadar öğretmen yoktu. Görgü tanıklarının çoğu, köyde öğretmen ve doktorlarla tanıştığı sevinci hatırlatıyor. O VM söyler Moiseenko: “Kurtuluştan sonra, öğretmenlerin huzurlu hayatını geri getirmeye ilk başlamışlardı. Doktorlar nezdindeki polis memurlarından daha erken insanlara gelmişlerdi. Okullar için evlerin yeniden inşasını organize etmeye başlayan ilk insanlardı. Akşamları öğretmenler karanlıkta bir yıl boyunca geçilmez çamurun içinden geldiler. Sofia Romanovna Grodskaya, Vera Romanovna Zhuravleva, Peter Korneevich Putivtsev içeri girdi. Bir yıl oldu ve 1944'te Pearl Garden'da başka bir okula gittik. ”
Sahada mayın MP-200
Çocuklara bakma çoğu zaman emeğe katılmalarına da eşlik ediyordu. İlçe yürütme kurulunun toplantı tutanaklarına özel bir çocuk işçiliği teşkilatı kaydedilmiştir. Savaş zamanı çocukluk, sık sık açlık ve soğukluktan sıkıntılarla, yoksunluklarla ve aynı zamanda büyük ölçüde işle doluydu. Yetişkinler, sorumlu işler konusunda ciddi çalışmalar. Nikolai Egorovich Kushchenko şöyle hatırlıyor: “Sadece dört sınıf mezun oldu. Bütün gençler kolektif çiftlikte, tebeşir ocağında ve diğer yerlerde çalışıyorlardı. Yaz aylarında, iş zorunluydu. Çoğu zaman çocuklar, okula başladığında bile işten okula gitmelerine izin verilmedi. : “Zaten okur yazar, okul yeterli, çalışacak kimse yok!” Gerçekten de, bölgemizde çalışacak kimse yoktu. Çocuklar bunu anladılar, erken büyüdüler, yetişkin meselelerini ve görevlerini üstlendiler. Çoğunlukla çocuklar sorumlu işlere atandılar - örneğin, traktör operatörlerine asistanlar, buzağılar, sütçiçekleri. "
Matveyev Kurgan köyünde çok iş vardı ve çok az insan vardı. Genelde, yürütme komitesinin bir toplantısında, basitçe bir lider atadılar ve örneğin Zagotskot gibi bazı kurumların çalışmalarını organize etmeleri için görevlendirdiler. Ve burada çalışması gereken insanlar, neredeler? Çok azdılar. Ve bu boşluk, savaştan önce bu kadar ciddi bir işle görevlendirilmeyecek olan gençler tarafından dolduruldu. Çocukların elleri olmadan yeterli değildi. Yetişkinler bunu anladılar, çocuklara ve gençlere karşı sabır ve küçümseme gösterdiler. Çocuklar elbette yaramazlık, yanlış hesaplama, talihsizlik ve ölümcül tehlike olsa da yetişkinlere yardım etmeye çalıştı. Lyubov Petrovna Miroshnichenko şunları söyledi: “İlk önce kolektif bir çiftlikte çalıştım. Bana sert bir doğrayıcı verdiler ve ben 14 yaşındayım. Sulanırken kanaldaki zemini tırmıklamak zorunda kaldım. Bir kız için değil yetişkin erkekler için zor iş.”
Alexander Dmitrievich Reznichenko şöyle hatırlıyor: “Yıllardır 15'te bir traktör üzerinde çalıştım, tarla sürdüm. Bir Kolesnikovo çiftliğinden uzak değildi. Bir kez bir traktöre bir mayını yakaladım. Bir patlama oldu. tüm tarlayı aradılar ve orada dört mayın MP-200 buldular, bu tarla da 15 halkının kalıntılarını da buldu, onları adamlarla birlikte gömdük, öldürülen insanları arabaya götürdüler ve boğaları büyük çukura taşıdılar. ku mayın temizlendi y ".
Abone olun ve en son haberler ve günün en önemli olaylarından haberdar olun.<|endoftext|>Progetto 4: Costruzione di un pozzo
La costruzione di un pozzo per acqua potabile nella zona dove e’ costruita la scuola.
A fine ottobre abbiamo incaricato una impresa geologica di Mombasa di effettuare la ricerca della falda acquifera a Shakahola.
Il risultato della ricerca è stato positivo: la falda dell’acqua si trova a 130 metri di profondità.
Abbiamo incaricato una Ditta specializzata di preparci un preventivo per poi iniziare lo scavo del pozzo nei primi mesi del 2014.
Abbiamo incontrato molti problemi ma poi lo scavo del pozzo è stato finalmente portato a termine!
La KIBURU Ltd di Mombasa ha finalmente ultimato i lavori di trivellazione:
Profondità totale mt 127
Inizio della falda a mt 70
Successivamente abbiamo realizzato il locale per la pompa ed il generatore e finalmente abbiamo potuto utilizzare il pozzo.
Sulla sommità della costruzione abbiamo posizionato una cisterna da 6.000 litri che ogni giorno viene riempita e con un collegamento ad anello porta l’acqua ai locali docce, WC, dispensario, mensa ed abitazione del medico.
Ora possiamo dire che tutti possono bere una buona acqua potabile!<|endoftext|>Tutto cominciò con la creazione della Sacramento Valley Railroad. La riva Sud dell'American River, nella zona denominata Negro Bar, California, fu uno dei primi punti in cui venne scoperto l'oro in California. Nella moltitudine di persone che si recarono nel sito minerario (punto strategico anche per tutti quei minatori diretti nelle Foothills della Sierra Nevada con gli stessi obiettivi) c'era anche Joseph Folsom, un capitano dell'esercito degli Stati Uniti giunto in California con il proprio reggimento per prendere parte alla guerra con il Messico, e poi insediatosi nella Terra dell'Oro. Egli ebbe la visione di una cittadina moderna dotata di stazione ferroviaria che la collegasse con Sacramento, al fine di garantire dei rapidi spostamenti di materiale e un efficiente servizio postale: iniziò così la sua opera con una lunga e dura battaglia legale volta all'acquisizione di tutte le terre sulle quali sarebbe passata la ferrovia.
Tutta la terra che percorreva la riva sud dell'American River, infatti, faceva parte di un possedimento di 35.000 acri appartenenti ad un facoltoso imprenditore che lavorava nel commercio, il signor William Leidesdorff. Alla morte dell'uomo, nel 1848, tutte le terre andarono in eredità agli eredi, ben poco interessati alla vera natura di questi possedimenti e più desiderosi di intascare le modestissime offerte che il furbo Folsom offriva loro in cambio della terra. La realizzazione della prima linea ferroviaria Californiana necessitava di un esperto ingegnere che avesse la stessa visione di Folsom: egli ingaggiò quindi il famoso Theodore Judah, un brillante ingegnere famoso nell'Est per il suo ingegno e le indubbie capacità di progettazione. Essi lavorarono insieme per anni nella progettazione della ferrovia che avrebbe collegato Sacramento a questa nuova cittadina, che egli battezzò "Granite City".
Il 30 Maggio 1854 Theodore Judah presentò il proprio progetto della tratta ferroviaria che univa Sacramento a Granite City, tratta che egli considerava la più favorevole che egli avesse mai visto per la regolarità del terreno, privo di eccessivi dislivelli e o di banchine particolarmente alte da costruire. Egli calcolò una spesa di circa $ 33.000 al miglio, che paragonata agli incredibili guadagni che la società avrebbe incassato faceva etichettare queste opera come più che vantaggiosa:
"Con una simile ferrovia e un simile traffico è difficile pensare ad un'impresa più vantaggiosa"
I lavori iniziarono, e la Robinson, Seymour and Company iniziò ad inviare uomini e materiale. Il 9 agosto 1855 venne posata la prima ferrovia del West, e pochi giorni dopo giunse in California la "Sacramento", la prima locomotiva, il cui primo viaggio avvenne il 17 Agosto 1855 sotto gli occhi di una deliziata delegazione giunta appositamente da San Francisco. Purtroppo Folsom non riuscì a vedere il suo sogno diventare realtà, in quanto morì prima della conclusione della tratta.
Il 22 Febbraio 1856 la Sacramento percorse la tratta completa: 22 miglia di rotaia ora collegavano Sacramento alla cittadina di minatori, ribattezzata Folsom in onore del suo ideatore. Ma il lavoro di Theodore Judah non era finito: dove la gente vedeva la conclusione della prima ferrovia californiana, l'ingegnere vedeva la tratta occidentale della ferrovia transcontinentale. Appurato che solo il governo federale avrebbe potuto finanziare un'impresa talmente colossale vendendo la terra demaniale che possedeva, Theodore Judah iniziò i suoi viaggi verso Washington, accompagnato dalla moglie, per promuovere la costruzione della ferrovia transcontinentale.<|endoftext|>The Public Administration School of Catalonia (EAPC) is one of the oldest of its kind in the continent of Europe. It was founded in 1912, which is significant because Catalonia was merely a province of Spain at the time. The School has therefore enjoyed a long and lasting history, except for the two times it was closed down by military dictatorships, between 1924 and 1931, and from 1939 to 1979.
Its creation was driven by Enric Prat de la Riba, who was the leader of the Catalan autonomist party, the Lliga Regionalista (Regional League). Despite the Catholic and conservative origins of this important figure and his party, founded at the start of the 20th century, both, in fact, acted as driving forces for the democratic renewal of a very centralist Spain dominated by local political bosses, caciques, with the distortion of democratic standards.
Enric Prat de la Riba forged modern Catalan nationalism, popularly known as catalanisme. The supporters of Catalan autonomy, asserting that Catalonia is a nation from a cultural and historical perspective, which brought them close to the theories of the German philosopher Johann Gottfried von Herder, and convinced that a nation only survives by force of will, which brought them close to the French theoretician Ernest Renan, pushed for the creation of the State structures that Catalonia lacked. Before entering politics, Prat de la Riba wrote that “abstract work in the depths of a solitary study is not possible among us. The special situation of our land, its tragic conflict with the State that governs it, turns all of us into politicians, priests and workers, businessmen and artists, farmers, industrialists, thinkers […] Therefore, those who, in a free Catalonia, in the scarcely-known peace of archives and libraries, would calmly embellish new ideals, the ideals of future generations, must, in the Catalonia of today, where all of us double as politicians, apply the ideas we develop immediately, and we develop those ideas while experiencing them, while fighting in feverish combat, always on the streets and public squares, like the men of the Hellenic democracies”.
In that sense, Catalanism acted as a modernising factor in Catalan society, the most industrialised in Spain, innovating in various spheres of public life, as well as in public administration. The long struggle to achieve Catalan autonomy, or at least the decentralisation of the State, which was actually achieved between 1914 and 1924, was accompanied – or preceded – by other initiatives such as the founding of the EAPC. For Catalan autonomists the nation was the people, the economy, the transport network, the introduction of
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The courses might save money, but done right, there still will be considerable expenses.
Faculty at the state's institutions of higher education have valid concerns about the possibility that online courses would eventually mean staff reductions and loss of both academic rigor and support for students. But although traditional academic buildings, ivy-covered or otherwise, will probably always be with us, the rising demand for degrees and certificates means that the schools can't be hidebound — or brick-and-mortar-bound — about the college education of the future. And there's no way to judge the usefulness of online courses, or figure out the best way to provide them, without trying.
Fortunately, legislation that would allow state universities to provide up to 50 such courses would get things off on the right footing by ensuring quality in several ways. A panel of faculty chosen by the respective academic senates of the three higher-education systems — University of California, California State University and the community colleges — would pick the courses that could best be taught in an online format. It would then design the courses and determine how much staffing and expense each would entail. Finally, it would decide who should teach and oversee each course. The possibilities include commercial online-education companies, but again, it would be professors from the public universities who would decide who would do the job best.
Just as important, there is $37 million in Gov. Jerry Brown's proposed budget to develop and operate the courses, and the panel doesn't have to commit to all 50, just those it deems worthwhile and adequately funded. All the offerings are supposed to be introductory-level courses, required of many if not most students, that are in such high demand that thousands of students are shut out. The courses could be taken for credit at any of the three systems; the credits would be transferable among the three.
The bill, SB 520, also would require follow-up studies to determine whether the courses delivered the intended educational results. This is particularly important because of the limitations that online learning tends to place on the instructor. Whether online proctoring is used to keep cheating to a minimum, or whether students must take their exams on campus, there's a natural pressure to give fewer quizzes and tests. If that means students aren't as well prepared for more advanced classes, the experiment fails.
The bill's author, Senate President Pro Tem Darrell Steinberg (D-Sacramento), says the purpose of these courses isn't to save money but to increase access. In fact, it is about saving money while increasing access. That isn't a bad thing; all colleges, not just public ones, have to think about ways to ways to rein in costs. The fear is that although this bill would set good standards for online courses, it also would open the door to cheaper, lower-quality offerings, to reductions in teaching staff and to college degrees that don't mean as much as they used to. As this new effort unfolds, educators need to be vigilant about all of those risks. But the state can't let fears keep it from trying; the trick is to do so while rigorously protecting educational quality.<|endoftext|>Storia di una ladra di libri, tratto da un omonimo romanzo del 2005, scritto da Markus Zusak è stato un grande successo commerciale. Il film, infatti, ha avuto la sua trasposizione nel 2013, per mano di Brian Percival e al suo interno contiene diversi collegamenti con il libro e non mancano le differenze tra film e romanzo, vediamo quali.
In una scena di Storia di una ladra di libri, uno dei libri che Liesel legge a Max quando è malato è in realtà il libro stesso da cui è tratta la pellicola contenente la frase: "ciò che le è venuto in mente era la polverosità del pavimento, la sensazione che i suoi vestiti fossero più vicini a lei che indosso a lei, e l'improvvisa consapevolezza che tutto ciò sarebbe stato inutile."
Nel film Rudy scopre per caso l'esistenza di Max quando vede il suo nome scritto a mano in un libro di Liesel. Far scoprire al ragazzo questo mentre Max sta ancora vivendo nel seminterrato aggiunge tensione alla storia e dimostra ancora una volta quel è la vera portata degli oneri emotivi causati dalla guerra. Inoltre questo aspetto lega le due giovani anime di Rudy e Liesel, rendendo il finale del film semplicemente sconvolgente.
I due figli adulti di Hans e Rosa Hubermann sono stati eliminati dalla storia. Nel libro, Hans, Jr. discute con suo padre della sua incapacità di aderire al partito nazista e suggerisce che Liesel dovrebbe leggere Mein Kamph. Questi personaggi periferici sono presenti anche nel film, tuttavia, altri personaggi nazisti che servono a costruire la tensione che alla fine costringe Hans, Sr. ad unirsi ai nazisti non sono presenti nella pellicola.<|endoftext|>COPENHAGEN—One of the Antarctic moments frozen forever in my memory is sitting atop a mountain and watching a huge ship—still several hours away from land—charging through the ice, a reassuring beacon of humanity in the polar wilderness.
That ship, the Swedish icebreaker Oden, was making its way to the U.S. McMurdo Station, which I visited as a reporter for National Geographic News in January 2011.The Swedish icebreaker Oden. Photograph by Christine Dell’Amore
Doubling as an icebreaker and a research vessel, the Oden mostly works in the polar regions, forging new paths physically and scientifically.
So when I heard the 351-foot (107-meter) long ship—the largest in Scandinavia—was open to the public for a few hours as part of the 2014 Science in the City Festival and the Euroscience Open Forum in Copenhagen, I knew I couldn’t miss out on seeing this old friend.
Today, standing before the big yellow ship, I felt a strange bond: We’d both been together in Antarctica, thousands and thousands of miles away from this sunny Scandinavian port.
My colleagues and I stepped onboard and began meeting the crew and its scientists, who were stationed throughout the several floors of the ship, which is owned by the Swedish Maritime Administration.
We learned Oden was the first non-nuclear icebreaker at the North Pole in 1991, and between 2006 and 2011 she made five successful cruises to Antarctica (meaning neither of us has been back to the southernmost continent since). Nuclear-powered icebreakers are stronger than diesel-powered ones, though they generally don’t have the same research capabilities. (Related: “What Is An Icebreaker, Really?“)
Considered one of the world’s most powerful icebreakers, the Oden can break 6 feet (1.9 meters) of ice while maintaining 3.4 miles (5.5 kilometers) an hour.
I actually witnessed this firsthand: Flying in a helicopter from McMurdo Station to a penguin rookery on Cape Royds in 2011, we landed on the ice near the Oden to drop off Björn Dahlbäck, general director of the Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, whom I’d met during my time at McMurdo. (See my picture of Oden in action.)
“Touching down on the ice near the Oden was a sensory bonanza, with the sound of the whipping blades and the sight of the 25,000-horsepower vessel pulverizing the ice, whitewater rapids churning at its aft.”
Here’s a video I took while landing near the Oden in Antarctica:
Talking to one of the Oden crew members, I found out Dahlbäck was onboard. So I had yet another reunion at the main bridge, the room at the front of the ship where the captains steer and strategize.
Dahlbäck remembered me and talked to us a long time about Oden‘s upcoming research expedition, its 20th, to the Arctic’s Laptev, East Siberian, and Chukchi Seas.
Some 80 scientists, mostly biogeochemists, will take part in the 100-day SWERUS-C3 expedition, whose main focus is studying methane. (Read more about methane—”good gas, bad gas”—in National Geographic magazine.)
Remote East Siberia is one of the world’s largest reservoirs for the potent greenhouse gas, which is trapped in permafrost in the region’s shallow seas. If the temperature keeps rising in the Arctic, the methane could be released into the atmosphere, Dahlbäck told us. (Also see “Antarctic Methane Could Escape, Worsen Warming.”)
“The climate models need more validated figures on methane, especially in this area of the Arctic. So Oden is going to a real hot spot this summer,” he said.
He also told us that Oden is one of only three vessels in the world that can both break tough ice and be fully equipped for research—it’s outfitted with scientific containers, laboratories, and deep-ocean winches, which basically look like giant fishing spindles and help scientists study the depths of the sea. (T-shirts in the gift shop read “Probably the best icebreaker in the world,” a riff on Carlsberg Beer’s motto.)
Other highlights on the tour included talking to an oceanographer about his climate-related research, peeking inside some of the rooms where people sleep (actually pretty nice!), and walking around the helicopter pad—the Oden has its own helicopter, which is handy when negotiating dangerous conditions.
I hope I run into the Oden again—who knows where in the world we’ll meet next.<|endoftext|>
我们马上就要说到男人生命里最重要的事情了。我觉得，如果我们能够给丈夫这方面更贴心的欢愉的话，我们就能更成功进入其他事关他们幸福的领域里。
二十年来我和一些妇女们一起为她们的失落，挣扎，不满足或者死亡的婚姻祷告，通常我会发现性在他们的关系里是最微不足道的。这并不是说妻子不关心生活的这方面，而是其他太多的事情需要她的关注，比如说抚养孩子，工作，理财，管家，情绪上的压力，疲劳，疾病还有婚姻方面的冲突。有些女人几个星期，几个月，半年，一年甚至更多的时间不和丈夫亲密。当灾难来临时，她们大吃一惊。尽管妻子可能对此安然处之，但丈夫势必觉得他生活中很重要的一方面被忽视了。
对妻子来说，性爱来自感情。她不想和一个让她生气，受伤，失望，孤独，劳累过度，不支持她，不关心她或抛弃她的人亲密。但对丈夫来说，性爱纯粹是生理需要。他如果在这方面没有满足的话就会影响他的判断，思维和情感。他会听不进妻子对他说的话，看不到妻子需要他改进的地方。妻子们却常常反过来，她们想，让我们先把事情理清楚再考虑性的问题。但事实上如果先考虑性再管其他事情的话我们成功的可能性会更大。
这就是为什么性必须是你婚姻生活中的头等大事。关键不在于是否所有条件都满足或者你是否想要，而是满足丈夫的要求，保持交流的畅通。男人在这方面特别容易感到忽视，打击，破坏或者诱惑。这可能是男人最需要满足的地方，也是最虚弱的地方。
许多女人不清楚神对性的看法，所以在这上面犯了很普遍的错误。但经上说得很清楚，"妻子没有权柄主张自己的身子，乃在丈夫。丈夫也没有权柄主张自己的身子，乃在妻子。夫妻不可彼此亏负，除非两相情愿，暂时分房，为要专心祷告方可，以后仍要同房，免得撒但趁着你们情不自禁，引诱你们。"（林前七4，5）夫妻之间的性乃是神的计划。除非我们在禁食，连续几星期地祷告，或者身体状况不稳定，或不在一起，否则就不应该经常找借口逃避。
当我们结婚后，我们的身体就不再是自己的了。我们要负责在肉体上吸引对方，不要夺去对方的这个权利。性爱的频率取决于对方的要求，而不仅是我们单方面的。如果你对性的态度归根结底是看你自己是否需要，那你就没有领会到神的意思。他说我们的身体是用来安抚和成全另一方的。当妻子满足丈夫的需要时，在男人和婚姻里就建立起来一种东西。当需要没有满足时，这种东西就没有。当这种亲密接触被忽视时，你就把自己敞露在试探中，它所带来的伤害是你根本想象不到的。这可能发生在任何人身上，因此你要在祷告中包括到婚姻中性的方面和丈夫性欲。最好在你不得不为此祷告之前，就开始做。
如果你的丈夫对性的要求更频繁，而你是想逃避的一方，向神祷告，求他改变自己。我发现最困难的时刻是当孩子们还小，不能照顾自己的时期。当你把他们送上床睡觉后，自己也累垮了，只想赶紧睡觉，而丈夫却另有打算。你可以把他拒之门外，"别想了，我累极了，"或者告诉他你累死了，希望他会说，"没问题，你多休息点。"或者就是态度不好，让他觉得不满或有负罪感。但我发现第四个选择，比前三者要好许多。试试看是否对你有帮助。
当丈夫告诉你他想要什么时，不要闭上眼睛，长叹一口气。相反的，你要说，"好，给我十五分钟。"（或者十分钟，二十分钟，看自己需要）。在那段时间里，做些让自己感觉好点的事。比如说，洗个热水澡。擦上好闻的润肤露或是他最喜欢的香水。（用那种只和他在一起时才用的香水）。梳梳头，洗个脸，擦些东西让皮肤有光泽。涂上口红，刷上胭脂，穿上让他无法抗拒的蕾丝睡衣。不要担心自己的不完美，他不会想到那些。如果你实在太敏感，穿上漂亮的睡袍可以遮盖住你不满意的地方。当你做这一切的时候，让神给你活力，精力，和一个好的态度。当你准备好后，希望你丈夫觉得等这些时间是值得的。当你对自己和丈夫感觉好时，你会奇怪自己的表现会有多好。他会更愉快，你也会睡得更好。这点时间上的投资对婚姻有着很大的回报。
有时事情恰好相反，是丈夫忽视性事。他缺乏兴致可能有多种原因--生理上，情绪上或心理上。但如果他可以好几个月的不和你亲近，那就出问题了。如果他没有生理方面的问题，那他可能内心有很深的失败，失望，沮丧或者无助，这些情绪需要被正视。祷告可以帮助发现并解决这些问题。如果需要的话就找专业医生。这总比离婚，在婚姻里挣扎要划算的多。不要让那些消极负面的情绪滋生，比如说不满，苦涩，自怜，不愿宽恕，要让自己健康并且保持吸引力。如果你不自我重视，好好照顾自己的身体，也要为了他而这样做。在他在旁边的时候穿他喜欢的蕾丝睡衣，剪个新发形，换种态度让他惊奇。想法常新，不断成长。总的来说一句话，不要什么都不做。
当婚姻中的性被忽视时，不好的事情就发生了。不要让它发生在你们中。看着你的日历，不要让很长的一段时间里没有肉体上的亲密接触。如果间隔太长，让神告诉你为什么，帮助你改变。还要记住一点，不管以前发生过什么，为性的纯洁祷告永远不会太晚。有时候婚前发生的事会影响到以后的婚姻里，并发生问题。祈求神将你们从中释放出来，治愈过去的记忆伤口。当这在心里扎根后，纯洁开始萌芽了。祷告就是可以做到这些。不要因为忽视这方面的祷告而毁掉或废去神为你预备的。
祷 告
主啊，请您赐福给我丈夫的性，让他在这方面得到极大的满足。修复那需要修复的，平衡那需要平衡的。保守我们，让我们不要感受失望，忙忙碌碌，缺乏感情，互相批评，不会原谅，不感兴趣或者死亡的婚姻。我祈求让我们总为对方留有时间，公开地交流真实的情感，对互相的要求保持敏感。
让我们在肉体和灵里都保持着性的纯洁，关上门，不让那些不洁或淫乱的东西进来。将我们从过去的错误中解救出来。把我们过去发生的任何性经验--想法或是做的事抹去。把我们生活中任何引起诱惑的东西赶走。帮我们"远避淫行"，好使我们知道如何"怎样用圣洁，尊贵守着自己的身体"。我祈求我们会渴望对方，而不是任何其他人。告诉我如何把自己变得更吸引他，成为他希望的伴侣。我祈求我们中任何一个都不会被诱惑，想到其他地方得到满足。
我意识到和丈夫的交流中性是很重要的一方面。帮助我，使我不要自私，用此作为武器或一种手段来控制他。我将我们生活中的这部分交托于您，我的主。让它常新长生。让它是您希望的那样。
祷告工具
你们要逃避淫行。人所犯的，无论什么罪，都在身子以外。惟有行淫的，是得罪自己的身子。岂不知你们的身子就是圣灵的殿麽。这圣灵是从神而来，住在你们里头的。并且你们不是自己的人。因为你们是重价买来的。所以要在你们的身子荣耀神。（林前六18-20）
食物是为肚腹，肚腹是为食物。但神要叫这两样都废坏。身子
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struttura organizzativa
Ci sono diversi tipi di strutture organizzative che si adattano a una varietà di imprese. Alcune sono più adatte a una struttura organizzativa piatta, a imprese con più dipartimenti o a piccole imprese.
Gerarchico
Questo è il tipo più comune di struttura organizzativa, dove gli impiegati sono raggruppati sotto una leadership centralizzata. Queste strutture organizzative di solito prendono la forma di una piramide per visualizzare più livelli di autorità.
Divisional
Una struttura divisionale è spesso usata dalle grandi aziende che dividono i team in base a servizi, prodotti e aree geografiche. La struttura permette ad ogni dipartimento separato di avere il proprio team di leadership e le proprie risorse.
Linea
Con una struttura di linea, l’autorità scorre dall’alto verso il basso. È considerato uno dei tipi più semplici di struttura organizzativa. I dipartimenti sono di solito supervisionati da un direttore generale.
Funzionale
Un organigramma basato sulle funzioni si concentra sulle specialità di ogni dipartimento. La struttura funzionale raggruppa diversi dipartimenti secondo i loro compiti, come un team di marketing, finanza, dipartimento di risorse umane o team di vendita.
Ecco un semplice modello che delinea questo tipo di struttura organizzativa. È possibile aggiungere manager funzionali
Basato sul processo
Quando si progetta una struttura basata sui processi, si deve lavorare intorno ai processi dell’azienda e al modo in cui gli impiegati si comportano e interagiscono tra loro.
Invece di visualizzare un grafico dall’alto in basso, una struttura basata sui processi lavora da sinistra a destra. Questo aiuta a rendere l’organizzazione più lineare ed efficiente.
Team-based
Questa è una struttura organizzativa flessibile in cui gli impiegati sono raggruppati insieme per formare compiti specifici. I dipendenti sono autorizzati a spostarsi da un team all’altro una volta che hanno completato un progetto.
La struttura del team incoraggia la cooperazione e la collaborazione tra i membri di vari dipartimenti sotto un project manager. Inoltre, dà ai dipendenti l’opportunità di migliorare le loro competenze.
Flat
La struttura piatta è anche chiamata struttura orizzontale perché il middle management viene rimosso. Una piccola impresa con un numero inferiore di persone adotterà di solito questa struttura organizzativa.
Questo tipo di struttura interna dà agli impiegati molta autonomia per prendere le proprie decisioni, permettendo loro di essere analitici e responsabili delle loro azioni. Tuttavia, c’è generalmente poco spazio per la crescita in un’organizzazione piatta.
Matrice
Per una struttura a matrice, gli impiegati con competenze simili sono raggruppati insieme. Possono riferire a manager diversi, ma le relazioni di reporting dipendono dal tipo di azienda.
La struttura organizzativa a matrice è usata dalle grandi società. Incoraggia la condivisione delle competenze e delle conoscenze per raggiungere gli obiettivi aziendali.
Circolare
Infine, la struttura organizzativa circolare posiziona i leader negli anelli interni del cerchio aziendale. D’altra parte, gli impiegati sono sugli anelli esterni.
Nella maggior parte delle strutture organizzative, i diversi dipartimenti lavorano indipendentemente. Nelle strutture organizzative circolari, l’obiettivo è quello di rimuovere questo tipo di separazione in modo che gli impiegati e i leader possano sentirsi parte dello stesso insieme.
Come scegliere la migliore struttura organizzativa per il vostro business?
L’enorme numero di strutture organizzative disponibili per le imprese può sembrare schiacciante.
Il modo migliore per decidere la giusta struttura organizzativa per la propria azienda è quello di guardare alcuni aspetti del comportamento organizzativo.
Pensate alle vostre esigenze strategiche, ai vostri dipendenti attuali, ai nuovi dipendenti che potreste assumere, alla tecnologia aziendale e agli obiettivi aziendali futuri.
Scegliete una struttura più rigida e diretta se i vostri prodotti e servizi seguono un processo rigoroso. È anche raccomandato per le grandi aziende dove diversi manager e supervisori sono assegnati per garantire che tutti stiano lavorando sui loro compiti. Eccone uno che potete usare subito.
D’altra parte, le strutture circolari sono migliori per le industrie in cui i cambiamenti potrebbero avvenire durante la notte. Queste sono industrie che hanno bisogno di adattare rapidamente la loro strategia di gestione del cambiamento. Pensate alle compagnie pubblicitarie o alle società di consulenza dove i compiti differiscono a seconda del cliente.
Poiché le strutture organizzative per questo tipo di ambiente sono più rilassate, i dipendenti possono lanciare idee fresche, che aiutano a creare proposte migliori per i vostri clienti.
Cos’è una struttura organizzativa moderna?
Una struttura organizzativa moderna non supporta una gerarchia. Queste nuove strutture divisionali eliminano i confini tra i dipartimenti in modo che tutti possano lavorare insieme per raggiungere gli obiettivi aziendali.
Questo è il tipo di struttura che è esemplificato nella cultura di Netflix, come si può vedere nel grafico qui sotto.
Mentre questo incoraggia la comunicazione aperta e la condivisione delle competenze, ha i suoi svantaggi. I dipendenti possono diventare confusi su chi riferire direttamente per problemi o preoccupazioni interne.
Nonostante questo, le strutture organizzative moderne danno potere ai dipendenti a tutti i livelli, favorendo un ambiente di apprendimento e crescita che elimina le divisioni basate sullo status.
Come creare organigrammi con Venngage
Cosa rende un organigramma efficace? Dovrebbe essere un riflesso accurato della vostra azienda. L’organigramma dovrebbe anche avere spazio per espandersi man mano che l’azienda cresce.
Ma creare un organigramma da zero può richiedere molto tempo quando si hanno altre responsabilità.
È meglio invece usare modelli modificabili. Venngage ha una libreria di modelli di organigramma che si adattano a qualsiasi tipo di struttura organizzativa.
Scegliete un modello e iscrivetevi gratuitamente per iniziare a creare. I nostri modelli intelligenti rendono facile aggiungere o rimuovere sezioni del grafico. Cliccate sul pulsante ‘+’ o ‘-‘ e il nodo viene duplicato.
Quando aggiungete testo, immagini o icone, i nodi si ridimensionano automaticamente, così potete progettare più velocemente. Una volta finito, potete condividere il grafico online o sui social media.
Sbloccate più funzioni con un account business Venngage. Accedete alla collaborazione in tempo reale per invitare i membri del team e condividere un feedback immediato.
Con Venngage for business ottenete anche un supporto prioritario, oltre alle opzioni di download. Scaricate in una varietà di formati tra cui PNG, PNG HD, PDF, PDF interattivo e anche presentazione PowerPoint.
In conclusione: visualizzate la vostra struttura organizzativa secondo le vostre esigenze aziendali, ora e in futuro
Ora conoscete la struttura organizzativa che meglio si adatta alla vostra azienda e al vostro piano di crescita. Questo aiuterà i vostri dipendenti a rimanere allineati, a capire a chi devono riferire, e aiuterà la vostra azienda a gestire i processi di gestione del cambiamento.
È anche possibile visualizzare le strutture organizzative utilizzando i modelli di grafici di Venngage. Con un editor semplice ma intelligente, potete facilmente progettare grafici che i vostri team possono seguire e saranno un’aggiunta ideale al documento di onboarding di un nuovo dipendente.<|endoftext|>La Prairie Swiss Ice Crystal Dry Oil 30ML
Sabah ve/veya akşam düzenli olarak kullandığınız nemlendiricinizi avuç içinize alın. Avucunuzun içinde bulunan kreminizin üzerine 2-3 damle Swiss Ice Crystal Dry Oil damlatın ve karıştırın. Ardından temizlenmiş ve toniklenmiş cilt üzerine göz çevresine gelmemesine özen göstererek uygulayın.
Stok Durumu : Stokta yok
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YES : 2.767,50 TL<|endoftext|>While the ancient philosophers were attempting to unearth truth through intellectual discourse, they were often doing so with a cup of wine in hand and plenty more waiting in a nearby carafe. These “symposia” were intellectual gatherings where the philosophers of ancient Greece would collect around a table and allow the conversation and wine to flow freely.
This image of ancient intellectuals collecting around a generous serving of wine, is often depicted in several dialogues written by the likes of Aristotle and Plato. Perhaps most notably this type of scene can be experienced through the reading of Symposium by Plato. And while it might be common to assume modern philosophers are depressed introverts, the ancients really knew how to have a good time.
Events like those depicted in Symposium call close attention to the culture of ancient Greece. Specifically, it inadvertently gives us an insight on the importance of wine as a cultural staple during ancient times. It is often considered that ancient Greece is the foundation for much of western civilization. And wine is no exception to that rule.
The importance of wine in ancient Greece has been well established by archaeological digs that have unearthed extravagant, goblets from as far back as the Mycenaean era of Greece. Such artifacts included gold and silver goblets that demonstrated that the people of the Mycenaean era were not only fierce warriors, but also people of sophistication who were aware of wine and respected it greatly. One artifact of particular interest is the Cup of Nestor . A Golden goblet, discovered by Heinrich Schliemann in 1876 in the ancient civilization of Mycenae. The goblet is believed to have belonged to the ancient king Nestor of Pylos who was a prominent character in The Iliad. Homer describes the goblet of Nestor when he writes:“There were four handles on it, around each one a pair of golden doves was feeding .Below were two supports. When that cup was full, another man could hardly lift it from the table, but, old as he was, Nestor picked it up with ease.” -Homer from The Iliad
It is commonly held that large scale production, distribution, and consumption of wine began on the prominent island of Crete. Depictions of primitive wine presses can be seen on the walls of Minoan tombs dating as far back to 3000 BCE. Clay goblets and carafes have been uncovered across the island including in the ancient palace of King Minos in the city of Knossos. It is believed the craft of wine making began on this island and slowly made the transfer to the mainland of Greece
The ancient Greeks traded wine as a commercial product for centuries across the regions. Indeed, Greek wine was traded throughout the entire known ancient world. Wines from islands such as Crete, Rhodes, and Lesvos were especially popular. Homer himself writes about the wonderful supply of wine found in cellars outside the city of Troy. The Aegean was so saturated with wine trading ships that Homer would refer to it as “the wine-dark sea”.
In order to accommodate this high demand in the wine trade, the ancients developed new storage techniques that would allow their wines to be transported long distances without spoiling. Before the time of air-tight glass bottles, wine left in a regular barrel would be exposed to oxygen and spoil quickly. The ancient Greeks began the practice of sealing these wine barrels with pine resin, as to prevent the wine from spoiling. The resin helped make the barrels air-tight while simultaneously adding a distinct pine aroma to the drink. This distinctive taste is still alive today in the form of “Restina”, a modern white wine that still maintains the unique flavor from ancient times.
An interesting anecdote states that the use of pine resin was for a very different reason. According to this hypothesis, Roman soldiers would regularly plunder the cities of Greece and make off with their stores of wine. The Greek citizens became so angry that they began using pine resin to add a bitter aroma to their wine. The Roman invaders would try one sip of this distinctive wine, taste the bitterness and assume it was spoiled. In this way the Greeks would keep their wines and the invaders would be none the wiser. This idea would seem to lead to the thought that the Greeks would take measures to protect their wines while the invaders would make off with their women and treasures. At least they had their priorities straight…
Wine in ancient Greece was of enormous cultural significance. The ancients drank wine to praise the gods and expand their minds. They studied it intently to decipher it’s presumed health benefits and it’s obvious detractors.It was a nutritional staple, a religious experience. the production, distribution, and consumption of wine is so deeply ingrained with the culture of ancient Greece, that you simply can not have one without the other.<|endoftext|>Ripple'ın temmuz ayının başlarında ABD Menkul Kıymetler ve Borsa Komisyonu (SEC) karşısında aldığı kısmi zaferi, temyiz endişelerini neredeyse ortadan kaldırdı.
Ripple Baş Hukuk Sorumlusu Stuart Alderoty, SEC'in davayı temyize götürmesi halinde, mahkemenin Ripple Labs'in düzenleyici kuruma karşı kazandığı kısmi zaferi daha da pekiştireceğine inanıyor.
Alderoty, 26 Temmuz tarihinde katıldığı TechCrunch isimli bir podcast'te, XRP'nin bir yatırım sözleşmesi teşkil etmediği ve Ripple ekibinin SEC tarafından mahkemeye taşınan herhangi bir temyiz başvurusundan çekinmeyeceği yönündeki görüşünü yineledi.
Yargıcın dediği kararı doğru buluyoruz. Bence bir temyiz mahkemesi bunu sadece onaylamakla kalmayacak, aynı zamanda daha da güçlendirecek.
SEC-Ripple davasına bakan Yargıç Analisa Torres, 13 Temmuz'da XRP'nin kripto borsalarında bireysel satışlarda bir menkul kıymet olarak değerlendirilemeyeceğini ancak kurumda yatırımcılara satıldığında menkul kıymet olarak değerlendirilebileceği kararına vardı.
Bundan neredeyse bir hafta sonra ise SEC, terraform Labs kurucusu Do Kwon'a karşı devam eden davasını, karara ilişkin şikayetlerini dile getirmek için kullandı ve gelecekte bölünmüş karar kararını temyiz edeceğini ima etti.
SEC Başkanı Gary Gensler, mahkemenin XRP kararından duyduğu hayal kırıklığını dile getirerek düzenleyici kurumun kararı değerlendirmeye devam edeceğini söyledi.
İlginizi çekeblir: Ripple CEO'su, SEC'i karmaşa yaratmakla suçladı
Öte yandan kararın ışığında Alderoty, SEC'in kripto varlıklarının kendilerinin menkul kıymet olduğunu iddia etmeye devam etmesi halinde, SEC'in bu tür iddialarda bulunmaya çalıştığı devam eden davaları kaybetmeye başlayacağını tahmin etti.
Bizim davamız ve yargıcımız (Torres) tarafından verilen karar, SEC'in yanlış yönlendirildiği konusunda diğer yargıçları rahatlatacaktır.
İyimser bakış açılarının yanı sıra Alderoty, kripto endüstrisinin hala sağlam bir düzenleyici zeminden çok uzakta olduğu konusunda uyarıda bulundu. Bununla birlikte Alderoty, ABD'deki kripto yasalarının diğer ülkelere göre çok geride kalması ve SEC'in de bunu kendi çıkarlarına göre kullanmasını kınadı.
ABD'de kripto için hala rasyonel, kapsamlı ve anlaşılabilir bir düzenleyici çerçeveye ihtiyacımız var.<|endoftext|>Summary Report for:
47-2031.01 - Construction Carpenters
Construct, erect, install, and repair structures and fixtures of wood, plywood, and wallboard, using carpenter's hand tools and power tools.
Sample of reported job titles: Assembler, Cabinet Maker, Carpenter Foreman, Carpentry Foreman, Concrete Carpenter, Construction Superintendent, Construction Worker, Foreman, Framer, Production Worker
Tasks | Technology Skills | Tools Used | Knowledge | Skills | Abilities | Work Activities | Detailed Work Activities | Work Context | Job Zone | Education | Credentials | Interests | Work Styles | Work Values | Related Occupations | Wages & Employment | Job Openings | Additional Information
- Follow established safety rules and regulations and maintain a safe and clean environment.
- Study specifications in blueprints, sketches, or building plans to prepare project layout and determine dimensions and materials required.
- Measure and mark cutting lines on materials, using a ruler, pencil, chalk, and marking gauge.
- Shape or cut materials to specified measurements, using hand tools, machines, or power saws.
- Install structures or fixtures, such as windows, frames, floorings, trim, or hardware, using carpenters' hand or power tools.
- Verify trueness of structure, using plumb bob and level.
- Select and order lumber or other required materials.
- Arrange for subcontractors to deal with special areas, such as heating or electrical wiring work.
- Maintain records, document actions, and present written progress reports.
- Build or repair cabinets, doors, frameworks, floors, or other wooden fixtures used in buildings, using woodworking machines, carpenter's hand tools, or power tools.
- Erect scaffolding or ladders for assembling structures above ground level.
- Inspect ceiling or floor tile, wall coverings, siding, glass, or woodwork to detect broken or damaged structures.
- Assemble and fasten materials to make frameworks or props, using hand tools and wood screws, nails, dowel pins, or glue.
- Remove damaged or defective parts or sections of structures and repair or replace, using hand tools.
- Finish surfaces of woodwork or wallboard in houses or buildings, using paint, hand tools, or paneling.
- Apply shock-absorbing, sound-deadening, or decorative paneling to ceilings or walls.
- Cover subfloors with building paper to keep out moisture and lay hardwood, parquet, or wood-strip-block floors by nailing floors to subfloor or cementing them to mastic or asphalt base.
- Fill cracks or other defects in plaster or plasterboard and sand patch, using patching plaster, trowel, and sanding tool.
- Perform minor plumbing, welding, or concrete mixing work.
- Prepare cost estimates for clients or employers.
- Construct forms or chutes for pouring concrete.
- Work with or remove hazardous material.
- Accounting software — Intuit QuickBooks ; Intuit Quicken; Job costing software
- Computer aided design CAD software — Drawing and drafting software
- Information retrieval or search software — Renaissance MasterCarpenter
- Internet browser software — Web browser software
- Office suite software — Microsoft Office
- Project management software — Bosch Punch List; Craftsman CD Estimator; Turtle Creek Software Goldenseal; VirtualBoss (see all
|
2,996 | 7 | 1 |
2019
- Top 4 Services that Online Writing Companies Offer - December 11, 2019
Republished by Blog Post Promoter<|endoftext|>Natural disasters and wars are among the most traumatic experiences not only for children but also for all people. One cannot predict when and what will strike, so there is no possibility to prepare for such misfortune. All around the world people experience earthquakes, floods, hurricanes and tsunamis. In times of crisis there is always an increased need for many supplies such as food, water and medicines. Currently, we are helping in the region of the Philippines, by providing them with much needed medications and access to mobile health centers.
It is essential to remember that each catastrophe is followed by certain kinds of consequences. The earthquakes, floods, hurricanes and tsunamis take away from people their homes and belongings so that new shelters are necessary. Of course there is also a need for food, water and medical supplies, especially for the injured. Floods may destroy the crops so the need for food may extend for a long period of time. Likewise, the droughts, that leave people with no access to food, are dangerous and also affect people’s health. Additionally, during floods there is high risk of diseases spreading, so a wide range of medications is needed. It is obvious that regions affected with any disaster require a lot of help from the outside. Populations are not able to cope without the aid of generous organizations.
Emergency relief actions conducted by AORF include many activities connected with water and sanitation, shelter, health and nutrition, and relief supplies. All of these efforts are vital for recovery in the days, weeks and months that follow these catastrophes.
Water and sanitation
One of the most important things is access to clean, drinking water and sanitation. Lack of such access may result in many dangerous waterborne diseases that can easily be prevented when safe water is available. It is vital to help people by sending them drinking water, sanitation specialists and equipment. It is also important to instruct them about what they should and should not do during the time of crisis.
Equipment is available to purify contaminated water. Portable water purification equipment can produce many liters of safe drinking water that is so important in maintaining a healthy community. Water storage and distribution systems help to maintain the source of clean water. Water-testing equipment helps to guarantee the safety of the purified water. It is also essential to educate the community in terms of health and hygiene.
During many disasters people are often driven from their homes. They have no place to live, no belongings and no hope for improvement. It is a fundamental right for every person to have a place to live. Children need homes in order to feel safe and protected. Many foundations and organizations send shelter specialists and shelter materials in order to help people build temporary homes. Training in emergency responses is also of great importance for the communities in the affected regions.
The first thing to do is to define the scope of shelter needs. Next, the plan of action should be developed. Each community and each disaster has different needs and the response should be tailor-made in order to meet those needs. People need to receive shelter tool kits, tarpaulins, clothes, blankets and household items. All these things help them to start a new life despite the difficulties they face every day.
Health and nutrition
The need for health and nutritional supplies is one the most important needs during emergency situations. Every disaster carries along an increased demand for both food and medicine. People, especially the young ones, need to be well nourished in order to maintain good health and, with it, immunity against diseases. Medicines help in coping with possible disease outbreaks. It is vital to help malnourished children, as they are the most vulnerable in a community in crisis. By providing medicines, we help healthcare centers to reach as many sick children as possible and, at the same time, control the spread of disease.
Health education is extremely important. Educational information about diarrheal diseases, acute respiratory infections, acute malnutrition, tropical and waterborne diseases (for instance malaria), and vaccines will prevent disease and, at the same time, promote good family health.<|endoftext|>ÖKSÜRÜKLE KAN GELMESİ
Öksürükle kan gelmesi demek, gırtlak yani solunum yolları ya da akciğerlerden gelen kanlı balgam ve sonuç olarak da kanlı tükürme demektir. Hemoptezi olarak isimlendirilen öksürük ile birlikte kan gelmesi durumunda kan çok miktarda gelmesi tehlike sinyalleri taşıyabileceğinden acil olarak bir doktora görünmenizde yarar bulunmaktadır. Hemoptezi genellikle solunum yollarından gelen kan için kullanılan bir terimdir.
Öksürükle kan gelmesi ağız, boğaz ya da gastrointestinal sistem kanaması ile aynı değildir. Öksürükle gelen kan genellikle hava ve mukus ile karışık olduğundan köpüklü bir görünüme sahiptir. Renk olarak ise kan pas rengi olmasına genellikle parlak kırmızıdır ve tuzlu bir tadı vardır. Bazen mukus içinde sadece kan çizgileri içerebilir.
NEDENLERİ NE OLABİLİR?
Bir takım koşullar, bronşlara veya ciğere bağlı enfeksiyonlar, doğrudan göğüsteki yaralar, tıbbi testler ve ciğer kanseri bu durumun bazı olası nedenleridir. Çocuklarda hemoptezi solunum yollarına yabancı bir cisim kaçması kaynaklı olması büyük bir ihtimaldir. Öksürükte kan gelmesinin olası diğer nedenleri şöyle sıralanabilir:
Sponsorlu Bağlantılar
- Akciğerde kan pıhtılaşması
- Bronşektazi
- Bronşit
- Kanser
- Kistik fibrozis
- Goodpasture sendromu(anti-glomerüler bazal membran hastalığı mekanizması ile gelişen glomerülonefritler)
- Akciğerdeki kan damarlarının iltihabı (vaskülit)
- Akciğerlere kan girmesi (akciğer aspirasyonu)
- Şiddetli öksürükten boğazın tahriş olması
- Burun kanamasında meydana gelen kanın aşağı ciğerlere akması
- Larenjit
- Pnömoni
- Akciğer ödemi
- Sistemik lupus eritematozus
- Tüberküloz
Bazı teşhis için yapılan testler de öksürük ile birlikte kan gelmesine neden olabilir. Bu testler arasında:
Sponsorlu Bağlantılar
- Bronkoskopi
- Laringoskopi
- Mediastinoskopi
- Spirometri
- Tonsillektomi
- Üst solunum yolu biyopsi
EVDE BAKIM
Şiddetli öksürükle birlikte gelen boğaz tahrişinde evde bir takım bakım yapılarak kendinize yardımcı olabilirsiniz. Ancak, öksürük baskılayıcılar bazı durumlarda hava yollarında tıkanıklığa neden olabilir. Her zaman bu ilaçları kullanmadan önce doktorunuza danışın.
Bu rahatsızlıkta ne kadar süre ve ne kadar kan ile mukus karıştığına dikkat etmek önemlidir. Sizde başka bir belirti olmasa bile, öksürükle kan geldiğinde her zaman doktorunuza başvurmalısınız.
Acil yardım gelene kadar bu kimseyi başı biraz yüksekte kalacak biçimde başın altına yastık koyup sırt üstü yatırın. Boğaz ve göğüs etrafındaki dar giysileri gevşetin. Bu kimseyi olabileceği kadar sıcak (ılık) sakin ve rahat tutun. Eğer susuzluktan şikyet ederse ufak miktarlarda buz kırıkları veya yudumlar halinde su verilebilir.
NE ZAMAN ÖKSÜRÜK İLE BİRLİKTE KAN GELDİĞİNDE ACİL TIBBİ YARDIM ALMALISINIZ
- Öksürükle bir kaç çay kaşığından fazla kan üretilmesi
- Baş dönmesi
- Şiddetli nefes darlığı
- Göğüs ağrısı
- Ateş
- Nefes darlığı
- İdrar veya dışkıda kan görülmesi
Yukarıda sayılan durumlar görüldüğünde beklemeden bir doktora başvurmalısınız. Doktorunuz size muhtemelen öksürük ile ilgili şu soruları soracaktır:
ÖKSÜRÜĞÜN TİPİ HAKKINDA
- Öksürükle büyük oranda mı kan tükürürsünüz?
- Bir parça öksürdüğünüzde öksürükle kan görüyor musunuz?
- Ne kadar öksürdüğünüzde kan görüyorsunuz?
- Kan içeren (çizgili) mukus (balgam) var mı?
ZAMANI İLE İLGİLİ OLARAK
- Aniden başlar mı?
- Son zamanlarda arttı mı?
- Kaç haftadır öksürüyorsunuz?
- Öksürük gece kötüleşiyor mu?
- Başka ne gibi belirtiler var?
Doktor tam bir fizik muayene yapacak, göğüs ve akciğerlerinizi kontrol edecektir. Yapılabilecek olası testler şunlardır:
- Bronkoskopi
- Göğüs BT
- Akciğer grafisi
- PT veya PTT gibi koagülasyon çalışmaları
- Tam kan sayımı
- Akciğer tarama
- Akciğer arteriyografi
- Balgam ve leke kültürü
- Akciğer biyopsisi
TEDAVİSİ NASILDIR?
Tedavi büyük ölçüde altta yatan nedene bağlıdır. Çoğu tedavi yönteminde adrenalin ya da vazopressin gibi topikal vasoconstrictorler(damar büzücü ilaçlar) ya da buzlu serum fizyolojik kullanılabilir.
Selektif bronşiyal entübasyon içinde kanama meydana gelmiş akciğeri söndürmek için endobrachial tamponad kullanılabilir.
Lazer fotokoagülasyon bronkoskopi sırasında kanamayı durdurmak için kullanılabilir.
Bronşiyal arter anjiografi genellikle embolize kanamanın yerini bulmak için yapılabilir.
Cerrahi seçenek genellikle son çaredir ve lobektomi veya pnömonektomi gerektirebilir.
Hastanın öksürükle çıkan kanın rengine bakılarak hastalık teşhisi yapılabilmektedir. Parlak ve köpüklü kan solunum yollarından geliyorken koyu renkli ya da kahverengi kan gastrointestinal kanaldan gelebilmektedir.
Sponsorlu Bağlantılar<|endoftext|>This image represents some of the first data collected by the ArTeMiS camera on the European Southern Observatory's APEX telescope. Image released Sept. 25, 2013.
Credit: ArTeMiS team/Ph. André, M. Hennemann, V. Revéret et al./ESO/J. Emerson/VISTA Acknowledgment: Cambridge Astronomical Survey Unit
A new camera on a telescope in the Southern Hemisphere has captured a stunning image of the Cat's Paw Nebula, offering a colorful and detailed view of a star-forming region of the Milky Way.
Released by the European Southern Observatory, the new photo of the Cat's Paw Nebula located about 5,500 light-years from Earth is one of the first shots taken by ArTeMiS — a submillimeter-wavelength camera added to APEX, the Atacama Pathfinder Experiment in Chile. ESO officials also produced a video fly-through of the incredible Cat's Paw Nebula view using the new camera observations.
The new instrument is expected to help scientists create more detailed wide-field maps of the sky in a shorter amount of time, ESO officials said in an image description. But the installation of the new hardware was no cakewalk. [Gallery: Strange Nebula Shapes, What Do You See?]
"The commissioning team that installed ArTeMiS had to battle against extreme weather conditions to complete the task," ESO officials wrote. "Very heavy snow on the Chajnantor Plateau had almost buried the APEX control building."
The staff had to use an improvised road in order to transport and install the instrument in its proper location.
The research team also battled the weather when it came time to observe using ArTeMiS. The light observed by the camera is absorbed by water vapor in Earth's atmosphere, according to ESO officials. Because of this, the scientists had to wait for dry weather before testing out the instrument.
Since its initial commissioning, researchers have used ArTeMiS for scientific projects including one that produced the new photo of the Cat's Paw Nebula. "This new ArTeMiS image is significantly better than earlier APEX images of the same region," according to ESO officials.
The Cat's Paw Nebula plays host to tens of thousands of new stars and houses about 200,000 suns' worth of material needed for star formation.
A study released earlier this year suggests that the nebula might be going through a stellar "baby boom." Stars in the Cat's Paw Nebula are forming at a more rapid pace than the Orion Nebula, making it one of the most productive star forming regions in the galaxy. The new research found that the nebula could be going through a period of rapid star formation.
"It might resemble a 'mini-starburst,' similar to a scaled-down version of the spectacular bursts sometimes seen in other galaxies," the study's lead author Sarah Willis of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics and Iowa State University said in a statement released in June.
The European Southern Observatory is an intergovernmental astronomy organization supported by 15 different countries in Europe and South America.<|endoftext|>Kids' moods can change in a flash -- she's happy, then bored; cranky, then sweet.
What's up with that, and how can you help her learn to manage her moods in healthy ways so she makes healthy choices?
No matter what your child is feeling, your first job is a parent is to empathize. "Let your child know that you care what they are feeling and you have a sense of what they are feeling," says Carl Pickhardt, PhD, a psychologist in Austin, Texas, and the author of Surviving Your Child's Adolescence.
When something is bothering your child, it's natural to want to fix it. Though it can be tempting to try to soothe sadness with ice cream or cookies or distract them from anger with TV or a video game, resist that urge. Junk food and screen time don’t take the edge off of feelings and can cause unhealthy weight gain.
Unless your child is experiencing a true crisis, it's usually better to let her figure out her own solution to challenges.
It's about helping your child learn a key skill: How to bring herself back up when she's feeling down, says Pickhardt. And teaching her how to do that it in healthy ways.
Tell your child that everybody gets sad or mad or upset sometimes, but you don't have to stay that way for long or turn to unhealthy behaviors like eating junk food or vegging out on video games to feel better. Let them know this, says Pickhardt: "You have what it takes to be happy. Let's talk about some ways that can happen."
Sadness. This is a normal emotion we all feel from time to time. As the parent, it's important to acknowledge that and to find out what's making your child sad, says Los Angeles psychologist Lisa Firestone, PhD.
"We don’t have to solve the problem, whatever it is, right away or make their sadness go away," she says. "The skill we want our children to develop is to be able to identify their feelings and to be able to tolerate feeling them."<|endoftext|>İçindekiler:
- Yazılı savunma nasıl yapılır?
- Işyerinde savunma neden yazılır?
- Memurlukta savunma nasıl yazılır?
- Savunmanın sonuna ne yazılır?
- Yazılı beyan ne demektir?
- Tutanak tutulmadan savunma istenir mi?
- Işçiye savunma için kaç gün verilmeli?
- Savunması istenen memur ne yapmalı?
- Iş yerinde savunma yazılırsa ne olur?
- Askeriyede savunma ne demek?
- Davada beyan ne demek?
- Beyan dilekçesi ne anlama gelir?
- Personele hangi durumlarda tutanak tutulur?
- Savunma süresi ne kadar?
- Savunma Yazısı verilen süre kaç gündür?
- Devlet memuru kaç gün içinde savunmasını verir?
Yazılı savunma nasıl yapılır?
Savunma
Dilekçesi Nasıl
Yazılır? Savunma
dilekçelerinin yazımı sırasında bir kendini savunma
, aklama durumu olduğundan net ve kesin ifadelere yer vermek gerekmektedir. Dilekçede savunma
hakkının kullanıldığı davanın dosya numarası muhakkak belirtilmelidir. İstekler ve talepler en açık şekilde ifade edilmelidir.
Işyerinde savunma neden yazılır?
Savunma
sayesinde edindiği bilgiler ile işveren, iş sözleşmesinin feshedilmesinin gerekli olup olmadığını, durumun haklı neden
seviyesine ulaşıp ulaşmadığını değerlendirebilir. ... Zira alınan savunma
, olumsuzluğa neden
olan işçinin sözleşmesinin feshedilmesi yerine başka bir çözüm bulunmasına imkân vermektedir.
Memurlukta savunma nasıl yazılır?
Savunmanızı yazarken doğru Türkçe kullanın. Olayları, yaşananları çok net ve açık şekilde belirtin. Varsa kanıtlarınızı ek olarak savunmaya ekleyin ve sunun. Savunmanızı yazdıktan sonra bir alt satıra “Bilgilerinize sunarım.” ibaresi ekleyin.
Savunmanın sonuna ne yazılır?
Savunmanızı tamamladıktan sonra bir alt satıra inerek, ''Bilgilerinize sunarım.'' cümlesini ekleyin. En son kısım olarak ise, sağ alt köşeye alt alta gelecek şekilde, isim soy isim ve imzanızı atınız. Savunmanızın bir yedeğini saklayarak, ilgili birime teslim edin.
Yazılı beyan ne demektir?
Bildirge anlamına gelen beyanname
, herhangi bir konu hakkında bir kişi, kurum ya da topluluğun yaptığı yazılı beyandır. ... Vergiye esas olan matrahın belirlenmesinde, mükelleflerin idareye verdikleri, vergi konusu olan eşyayı açıkladıkları beyannameler esas alınır.
Tutanak tutulmadan savunma istenir mi?
İşveren olay tespit tutanağından yola çıkarak personelden yazılı savunması talep etmek için “Savunma
Talep Formu” oluşturmalıdır. Bu formla birlikte işveren, kendisine tutanakla aktarılan olayı doğrudan savunma
talep formunda belirterek işçinin iddialara karşılık savunmasını ilet
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ستار آن شده اند که فعاليت های ژاپن در حوزه نفتی آزادگان به حالت تعليق در آيد و معتقدند که دولت در برابر ايران بيش از اندازه نرمش نشان می دهد.
در همين زمينه، خبرگزاری دولتی ايران - ايرنا - ضمن انعکاس گزارش يوميوری يادآور شده است که در سال 2004 نيز ژاپن با مقاومت در برابر فشار ايالات متحده قرارداد توسعه حوزه آزادگان به مبلغ 2 ميليارد دلار را امضا کرد.
با توجه به روند صعودی بهای نفت به دليل فشار تقاضا، برخی از ناظران احتمال تحريم نفتی ايران را زياد نمی دانند و دولت ايران نيز، با وجود هشدار در مورد بروز واکنش نسبت به چنين تحريم هايی، از قطع صادرات نفت خود به تلافی وضع تنبيهات بين المللی به صراحت سخن نگفته است.
اقتصاد ايران به شدت به درآمدهای نفتی وابسته است و عوايد ناشی از صادرات نفت خام سهم عمده ای را در بودجه سال جاری دولت به خود اختصاص داده است.
سايت های مرتبط
بی بی سی مسئول محتوای سايت های ديگر نيست
<|endoftext|>The cover story is about how over 1,000 aboriginal women have gone missing since 1980.
Spence is the leader of an aboriginal community called Attawapiskat in northern Ontario.
Prince Philip, known for his gaffes about aboriginal Australians and the "slitty-eyed" Chinese, is a sideshow unto himself.
The day just gets more upsetting when we hear about aboriginal rights in Canada.
Urban shearling coats were worn with silk dresses printed with patterns inspired by aboriginal art.
The caste usually bury the dead with the feet to the north, like the Gonds and other aboriginal tribes.
Of this aboriginal race, the Chamorros, nearly all have perished.
This is the way the red men go about to induce the aboriginal maids to listen to their suit.
It has all the paradox of original sin in the service of aboriginal faith.
Traces and traditions of this aboriginal race are found in all parts of the world, and in sacred as well as profane history.<|endoftext|>Fransız La Opinion, Samuel Eto'o'nun stadyum çıkışında Cezayirli bir Youtuber'a saldırdığı görüntüleri paylaştı. Aynı zamanda resmi Dünya Kupası Elçisi olan efsane futbol figürünün bu saldırısı, futbol dünyasında büyük şok etkisi yarattı.
ÇEVREDEKİLER BİLE SAKİNLEŞTİREMEDİ
Brezilya - Güney Kore müsabakasının ardından stadyum çıkışında hayranlarıyla fotoğraf çektiren Samuel Eto'o, bir süre sonra yanına gelen Said Mamouni isimli Cezayirli YouTuber ile diyaloğa giriyor. Sinirlerine hakim olamayan Eto'o, Said Mamouni'nin üzerine yürümeye başlıyor. Çevredekilerin sakinleştirmeye çalıştırdığı Eto'o, Mamouni'nin suratına bir tekme atıyor. Mamouni tekmenin etkisiyle yere yığılırken, araya girenler Eto'o'yu olay yerinden uzaklaştırıyor.
SEBEBİ HAKARET
Samuel Eto'o'nun kendisini görüntüleyen Cezayirli Youtuber'a neden saldırdığı konusu henüz netlik kazanmadı ancak bazı ihtimaller gündeme geldi. Kamerun, geçtiğimiz mart ayında deplasman golüyle Cezayir'i eleyip Dünya Kupası bileti almış ve mücadelenin ardından iki ülke arasında soğuk savaş başlamıştı.
Cezayirli YouTuber Said Mamouni'nin, bu maçı hatırlatarak Kamerun Futbol Federasyonu Başkanı olan Samuel Eto'o'ya hareket etmiş olabileceği ihtimali üzerinde duruluyor.<|endoftext|>Il keranet è un pulitore a base acida (sicuramente contiene acido cloridrico), ragisce con tutte le parti contenenti sostanze calcaree corrodendole,non intacca il gress e la ceramiche in generale e superfici in pietra che non siano di derivazione/origine calcarea,ad es.marmi,travertini ,pietra serena,materiali cementizi quali possono esser gli stucchi per fughe, ecc.ecc. ,evidentemente e presumendo dal colore giallastro e bianche delle macchie in foto (risultato di reazione chimica,sono efflorescenze saline ) ,le cause possono essere due, forse tre :
1) E' stato lasciato reagire per un tempo troppo elevato,o era troppo concentrato
2) Non si è risciacquato bene dopo l'applicazione ,o nellle tempistiche previste dalle modalità d'uso.Il keranet ha continuato la sua azione corrosiva
3)una concomitanza dei due casi precedenti
una soluzione potrebbe essere quella di lavare molto bene e a fondo con acqua ,magari con un pò di soda caustica disciolta ,la soda neutralizza l'azione acida keranet ,che con la sola acqua potrebbe rivitalizzarsi ,poi rilavare con un normale detergente per pavimenti per eliminare tutti i residui, ma prima le consiglio di fare una prova di campione.<|endoftext|>ژنه دایچ، کارتونیست برنده جایزه اسکار و یکی از کارگردانان مجموعه کارتونی تام و جری در ۹۵ سالگی درگذشت. ناشر آثار او ضمن تایید خبر درگذشت ژنه دایچ در آپارتمانش در پراگ، مرگ او را “غیرمنتظره” توصیف کرده است.
ژنه دایچ ۱۳ قسمت از مجموعه تام و جری و قسمتهای زیادی از مجموعه کارتونی “ملوان زبل” را کارگردانی کرد. او که متولد شیکاگو بود، در سال ۱۹۵۹ برای سفری ۱۰ روزه به پراگ رفت و در آنجا با همسرش آیندهاش آشنا شد. او به این ترتیب در این شهر ماندگار شد.
او یکی از معدود آمریکاییهایی بود که در دوران حکومت کمونیستی چکسلواکی، آزادانه در پراگ زندگی میکرد. ژنه دایچ در سال ۱۹۶۰ جایزه اسکار بهترین فیلم کوتاه انیمیشن را برای فیلم “مونرو” دریافت کرد. او دو بار دیگر هم در سال ۱۹۶۴ برای فیلمهایش نامزد اسکار شد.
این کارتونیست در سال ۲۰۰۴ به دلیل یک عمر فعالیت در زمینه انیمیشن و فیلمهای کارتونیاش جایزه انیمیشن “وینسور مککی” را دریافت کرد.
کمپانی فیلمسازی آمریکای ام جی ام به عنوان تولیدکننده مجموعه کارتونی تام و جری، در سال ۱۹۵۷ تولید این مجموعه را متوقف کرده بود. این کمپانی در سال ۱۹۶۱ ساخت تام و جری را از نو آغاز کرد و کار را به ژنه دایچ، انیماتور آمریکایی ساکن پراگ داد.
متروگلدن مایر در سال ۱۹۶۱ برای صرفهجویی در هزینهها، یک استودیو در پراگ راهاندازی کرد. ژنه دایچ، مسئول انجام این کار شد اما او با مشکل کمبود بودجه و نیروی انسانی روبرو بود و کارمندانی داشت که درکی از نمونه اصلی کار نداشتند..
استودیوی او به طور مخفی اپیزودهایی از کارتونهای دیگر را هم میساخت از جمله کارتون پاپای که در ایران با نام ملوان زبل نمایش داده شده است. آنان اسامی چکی را آمریکایی کردند تا برای بینندگان، شائبه ارتباط با کمونیسم پیش نیاید. دایچ بعدها به رادیوی چک گفت: “به دلیل وجود پرده آهنین، نام انیماتورهای چک که در این استودیو کار میکردند، هرگز در یک کارتون تام و جری دیده نشد.”
او خوب میدانست که مهمترین نکته، پیروی از نمونههای کلاسیک است؛ مسئلهای که “خط قرمز” هواداران بود اما ۱۳ قسمتی که تولید کرد جزو بدترینهای تام وجری طبقهبندی میشوند. دایچ در برخی از مصاحبههایش پذیرفته که شهرت بدی پیدا کرده و گفته بود که در آن زمان حتی تهدید به مرگ هم شده بود. بعد از او پروژه به چاک جونز سپرده شد
محبوبیتی به قدمت ۸۰ سال
هشتاد سال از ساخت اولین قسمتهای تام و جری میگذرد. این کارتون در این مدت همچنان یکی از محبوبترینها در جهان باقی مانده است. این انیمیشن در یک نظر سنجی در سال ۲۰۱۵ در بریتانیا محبوبترین کارتون از نظر بزرگسالان شناخته شد. تام و جری اینقدر محبوب است که بعضی دولتمردان هم درباره آن اظهار نظر کردهاند.
در سال ۲۰۱۶ یکی از مقامات عالیرتبه مصری این کارتون را “دلیل شیوع خشونت در خاورمیانه” خواند و حتی آیت الله علی خامنهای، رهبر حکومت جمهوری اسلامی ایران هم رابطه ایران و آمریکا را به “رابطه تام و جری” تشبیه کرده و گفته بود “آمریکا مانند تام همیشه شکست میخورد”.
بیل هانا و جو باربارا سازندگان این انیمیشن از سال ۱۹۴۰ برای دو دهه بیش از ۱۱۰ قسمت کوتاه این کارتون را برای شرکت مترو گلدن مایر (ام جی ام) ساختند.
انیمیشن این اپیزودها که با دست کشیده میشد به عنوان بهترینهای تام و جری شناخته میشوند. هانا و باربارا هفت جایزه اسکار برای این اپیزودها کسب کردند. ساخت هر قسمت از این مجموعه، هفتهها طول میکشید و هزینهای حدود ۵۰ هزار دلار داشت.
برای همین هانا و باربارا هر سال میتوانستند فقط چند قسمت تولید کنند. جیغ معروف تام، صدای خود بیل هانا بوده است. در سال ۱۹۵۷ با بسته شدن بخش انیمیشن ام جی ام همکاری هانا و باربارا با این شرکت قطع شد. در دهه ۷۰ بار دیگر تام و جری به دست بیل هانا و جو باربارا خالقان اولیه این کارتون سپرده شد.
در این زمان قسمتهای اولیه تام و جری “خشن” به حساب میآمد بنا بر این هانا و باربارا قسمتهای تازه را با ذائقه زمانه تولید کردند که هیچوقت به پای موفقیت قسمتهای اصلی نرسید. یکی از انتقادهایی که به تام و جری شده است وجود “ارجاعات نژادپرستانه” در این کارتون است.<|endoftext|>过渡工具
II工作坊： 27月9日上午00:12至下午30:XNUMX“关键主题和价值观”
地点：
YWCA
霍比街535号
卑诗省温哥华
加拿大-V6C 2E8
注册：
描述：
我们如何利用变化作为机会来对我们的生活和职业做出有意义的决定？ 人们经常被要求在变革时期做出重要的选择，但是我们当中的许多人都拒绝前进，因为变革的经验（过渡）令人困惑且不舒服。 从研究生教育过渡到职业生涯可能会令人不安，但是这种改变也可能会发现最重要的内容，同时放弃可能不再适合您的信念和价值观。
取材自她受欢迎的职业过渡课程 有目的地工作 萨莉（Sally）将以一种思考方式来思考您的变革和职业决策，以便您可以创造性地，有目的地地体验它们。
这三个系列的讲习班系列提供了机会来反思，讨论并与其他女性积极参与科学技术领域，并加深了对关键职业和生活问题的探索。
你会：
- 将实用的变更模型应用于您当前的过渡
- 回顾过去的生活和职业决策，以此指导未来
- 阐明个人和工作价值
- 确定关键的可转让技能
- 有机会有目的地联网
- 探索特定主题，例如职业，金钱和成功
- 为未来制定扎实的行动计划
准备在这些每周的研讨会之间花费一些时间来做一些集中的写作和建立网络。
每个研讨会的费用：
单个研讨会35美元，三个研讨会75美元（非会员110个研讨会3美元）
（包括小吃，点心和所有车间材料）
注册仅限于25名参与者。
助学金仅适用于数量有限且有经济需要的参与者。 要申请，请 请点击这里。<|endoftext|>About Teach Resiliency
Educators’ roles are changing—increasingly they are finding themselves on the front lines of child and youth mental health. While they acknowledge the importance of their role, they have little support to effectively fulfill it.
Teach Resiliency can help
Teach Resiliency is a door to an online library that has practical and evidence-informed resources and tools to support mental health in our classrooms and schools—for students as well as educators. It’s also a place to learn from one another: to exchange ideas, create new resources, and share important perspectives and ideas.
When teachers connect to information about mental health and resiliency, to tools and resources, to one another, and to researchers, they are supported on their journey towards engagement and energy at work and school, academic and professional satisfaction, and building healthy futures for themselves and their students.
Teach Resiliency is designed to:
- Develop, enhance and support teacher competencies
- Enhance and support mental health literacy for teachers
- Offer effective and practical strategies to support child and youth resiliency and mental health
- Offer effective and practical strategies to support teacher resiliency and wellness
A collection of tools and resources
There is a lot of good information out there. Think of this site as a collection of easy-to-use strategies, tools and resources curated by your peers and others who want to support you in building a healthy place to work and learn.
- Talking points (tough conversations, how to say you notice, how to talk to kids, teens, parents, para-professionals)
- Quick tips and links to more detailed information about mental health and wellness
- User contributed resources
- Evidence-based resources
- Links to tools (screening, decision-making and community resources)
- School-based programs to promote student and teacher mental health and resilience
A virtual staff room
- A voice and an online community:
- A safe space to to discuss strategies and ideas for safe and accepting classrooms
- A place to share and celebrate colleagues’ success stories
- Links to connect parents to community resources
- Links to sources of summaries of research evidence (e.g., Edugains)<|endoftext|>皇冠体育手机版开展的三个阶段
第一阶段：皇冠体育手机版的产仔阶段
营销私立学校体格反省 Distribution概念
1）萧拱起 W. 肖）
2）焊
3）弗雷德E.克拉克值 E 克拉克值）
戎后引锥刺股的组织工作概念
1）昌西 B. 面包师）
2）戎组织工作
第二阶段：分配皇冠体育手机版阶段
1、Physical 在助手STA中，分配概念持续欢迎开展和使完善。，根本使符合了比拟使完善的物流经纪体系。
2、Physical 从美国到装饰的分配理念，相称装饰公认的皇冠体育手机版，物流经纪的体系制度早已使符合。
3、同时，物流学说在散发担任外场员的开展，计划物流学说。
第三阶段：当代当世皇冠体育手机版阶段
1985 年，威廉斯棉·哈里斯和斯托克·吉姆斯在密歇根州州立大学颁发了“市场营销与物流的再化合–历史与前途的前程”的演讲，从VIE的历史角度评分，物流当代当世化的评分经过是有益和，注重营销与物流的化合是高气压地打电话给的，本文对当代当世物流的实质举行了高气压综合学校。，同时也助长了物流客户保养战术和SUP的仔细考虑。。
从物流还愿看，80 20世纪90年头末，计算机技术与物流软件的开展，它较远的助长了当代当世物流还愿的开展。
物流外包与第三方物流的发生，较远的使遭受物流特别化、技术与集成，艰难行进分工和消费物流搭档，借款结心竟争生产能力。
20世纪90年头供给链经纪体系的使符合较远的使遭受、共同化作用、激化与成为一体。
最具历史意义的是1985年。 美国物流经纪协会正式更名为fr Council of Physical Distribution Management 反倒民族性层次 Council of Logistics Management，这评分着当代当世物流理念的聚会。，物流战术经纪的一致。
物流的开展
美国物流的开展
（1）1945年-1960年，以贮存器业尽的物流阶段
（2）1960年—1980年，转为流传型尽的物流阶段
（3）1980年—1990年，综合学校物流阶段
（4）1990年到这点为止，物流使联合阶段
日本物流的开展
（1）前物流时间（1953——1963年）
（2）物流体系时间（1963年——1973年）
（3）物流经纪时间（1973年——1983年）
（4）物流社会体系时间（1983年——到这点为止）
全欧洲物流的开展
比美国稍晚，比日本早相当，避难所物流和国际航运谷粒进化用水砣测深，在供给链经纪掷还有独到之处。
我国物流的开展
1979年，柴纳纸和烟叶产前阵痛代表权赴日本，物流一词率先在反省宣告中援用。。
中国经济改革后，八分之一届国际物流大会198年在现在称Beijing聚集，物流一词在柴纳的涂，学说家们开端深化议论物流成绩。。
1996年，为心甘情愿的宝洁物流必需品而证明正确有理的保东物流公司，评分着第三方物流在柴纳的暴露。
眼前，我国工业聚会的物流必需品是。
交易物流发生探究阶段，民族性对
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در گلاسکو، که وات نخستین موتورش را در آن جا ساخته بود، کمک کنند، آهنگران و کارگران معادن قلع بودند که در ساخت کالاهایی خارج از حوزهی کار متداولشان توانایی اندکی داشتند. کارگرانی که بالتون در سوهو، درست بیرون بیرمنگام، استخدام کرد، در تمام زمینه های کار با فلز مهارت داشتند، لذا می توانستند کار را تا حد امکان بدون کمک ماشین دقیق انجام دهند. ابزار خودکار جالبی که با ابداع وات ممکن شد هنوز وارد بازار نشده بود، و حتی با وجود متخصصانه ترین ابزار دست ساز، تحقق خصوصیتها و ویژگیهای مورد نظر روندی بسیار کند و نادقیق داشت. لذا هیچ ابزاری بدون نیرویی ارزان و پربازده، و هیچ گونه توسعه ی کلی در نیرو بدون کاری دقیقی که فقط ماشین آلات و ابزار می توانستند انجام دهند ممکن نبود. وات این دور باطل را از هم گسست.
در واپسین سالهای زندگی وات واقعه ای تأثرانگیز اتفاق افتاد. او در شصت و چهارسالگی از کار پردردسرش کناره گرفت. حال اختراع برای او به وسوسهای آزاردهنده تبدیل شده بود. مردی که سهم بزرگی در رفاه مردم داشت حال از ادامه ی کار بزرگش عاجز ماند و به یک تعمیرکننده ی سیار ابزار به دست» تبدیل شد. آخرین اختراعش دستگاه نسخه بردار مجسمه بود. این دستگاه شامل نشانگری بود که بر سطح کار حرکت می کرد و ابزاری چرخان را که سطحی متناظر بر تخته سنگی مناسب برش می زد به کار می انداخت. او اندکی پیش از مرگ نسخه هایی از شاهکارهای اسکنهی مجسمه ساز را به عنوان کار «هنرمند جوانی که تازه هشتاد و سه سالش شده» به دوستانش تقدیم کرد.
وات سال ۱۸۱۹ در سن هشتاد و سه سالگی چشم از جهان فرو بست؛ لوح یادبودش در وست مینستر ابی قرار دارد.
اگر ساوری و نیوکامن پیشگام بودند، وات موتور بخار مدرن را اختراع و تکمیل کرد. او در میان پیشگامان توسعه ی نیروی بخار چهره ای برجسته است. او راه را برای ترویتیک، «پدر موتور لوکوموتیو»، و استفسون که شهرت راه آهنش گوی سبقت از مخترعان پیشین ربوده هموار کرد. ما عصر جدید دانش نیرو را به تمام این انسانها و تمام قهرمانانی چون برانکا، پاپین، کونیو، و مرداک که به خود می بالیدند مدیونیم.<|endoftext|>Amanda Knox e Raffaele Sollecito, nuovo processo dopo l'annullamento dell'assoluzione
Tutto da rifare per Amanda Knox e Raffaele Sollecito: la Corte di Cassazione ha annullato l'assoluzione per il delitto di Meredith Kercher dei due giovani, accogliendo così la richiesta del procuratore generale di Perugia, Luigi Riello, di annullare la sentenza di secondo grado. "Il giudice di merito ha smarrito la bussola", dichiarò il pg alla sentenza di assoluzione. Il processo è quindi da rifare e la Cassazione ha deciso che si svolgerà a Firenze. Riello ha inoltre aggiunto che
"La sentenza della Cassazione sarà come un binario sul quale la Corte di Firenze si dovrà muovere, dirà quali principi seguire per rinnovare il giudizio."
La Cassazione ha inoltre rigettato il ricorso dei legali della Knox per il reato di calunnia ai danni di Patrick Lumumba, da lei inizialmente indicato come autore dell'omicidio di Meredith e risultato in seguito totalmente estraneo al fatto. I tre anni di condanna sono già stati scontati dalla giovane, perché erano inclusi nei quattro anni passati dalla giovane sotto custodia cautelare.
Ma facciamo un passo indietro e torniamo al delitto che è stato protagonista delle pagine di cronaca nera italiana e internazionale degli ultimi anni. I due giovani, all'epoca dell'omicidio (il 6 novembre 2007) erano fidanzati e vennero immediatamente interrogati e accusati dell'efferato delitto ai danni della coinquilina di Amanda, Meredith Kercher. Condannati in primo grado a 25 e 26 anni di reclusione, la Knox e Sollecito sono stati assolti in appello ("il fatto non sussiste", stabilì il 3 ottobre del 2011 il giudice). Nel frattempo la studentessa statunitense è tornata a Seattle ed è diventata quasi una star: interviste, apparizione televisive e addirittura un libro che verrà pubblicato a breve dove la giovane racconta la sua verità. Nel frattempo ha commentato così al telefono con il suo legale la sentenza della Cassazione: "Continuano a non credermi".
Via | Corriere
Foto | Getty Images<|endoftext|>Geoscientists study the structure, composition and physical aspects of Earth. They use geology, physics and mathematics to examine planetary properties and explore for underground water, minerals, gas or oil, as well as applying scientific principles to help with waste disposal, land reclamation and other environmental challenges. There are specializations within this field, including seismologists, paleontologists, crystallographers and geodesists.
When you are listing skills for your geoscientist job description, you may want to emphasize that your ideal candidate will have strong mathematics and science skills, as well as knowledge of engineering, electronics and technology. Responsibilities of this role include using advanced equipment to gather data and accurately interpreting geological information.
Geoscientists also must have strong written and verbal abilities, as they have to prepare and present reports and findings to various populations. Review the geoscientist job description template below to better understand what to include in your own posting.
Geoscientist Job Summary
As a geoscientist with our mid-sized but close-knit team focused on helping clean up and mend the planet, you will be an integral part of our work and dedication to excellence. You will go into the field, using advanced equipment that you maintain and calibrate, to gather information from various locations. However, beyond data crunching, your observational and technical skills will be stretched to offer informed and compassionate professional judgement and insight regarding results from environmental sampling and hazardous material surveys. We approach our work with solid scientific principles as well as deep empathy with our living world. This position is a wonderful opportunity if you honor and respect nature and want to restore the health of our planet.
- Collect, analyze and interpret geological, geophysical and geochemical information from various sources, including survey data, bore holes, well logs and aerial photographs
- Plan and carry out geological, geophysical and geochemical field studies and surveys, testing and drilling programs and sample gathering as outlined by industry standards
- Create geological maps, charts, cross-sectional diagrams and reports about resource management, land use and mineral removal for the company’s use, as well as for public information
- Analyze and interpret geological data using computer software specific to geoscience
- Research, measure and track ground and surface water movement to gain informed conclusions, and offer advice about waste management, site and route selection and restoration of contaminated locations to both government and private organizations
- Research environmental, historical and technical topics from articles and reports for continued education and training
- Share geological research findings by writing reports and participating in conferences and meetings with the public as well as fellow geoscientists
Job Skills & Qualifications
- Bachelor’s degree
- One year of experience in soil evaluations and environmental research and consulting
- Strong communication and technical writing skills
- Willing to travel, both for overnight as well as extended trips
- Relevant OSHA training
- Desire to learn multiple disciplines for professional application
Geoscientist Job Responsibilities
Hiring a new geoscientist for your company may put you between a rock and a hard place. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, demand for geoscientists is rising and the competition to hire qualified geoscientists intensifies accordingly. It is therefore imperative that your geoscientist job description be interesting, compelling and attractive to prospective candidates. Start by describing exciting projects and field work. Mention ways in which the candidate can contribute to your company’s vision and goals. Jobseekers want to know that their expertise is valued.
As you consider the different responsibilities of your geoscientist job description, keep in mind the variety of possible tasks. Will your future employee perform a lot field work or is it more of a desk research job? Does your company specialize in petroleum, water projects or construction? The job responsibilities section should include a succinct list of day-to-day tasks, and long-term research projects as well, using bullet points to organize them clearly. The more specific you are in describing the job, the better your odds of finding a good match for your business.
Check out these geoscientist job responsibilities:
- Coordinate laboratory analysis
- Perform environmental assessments and site inspections
- Monitor work performed by subcontractors
- Stay abreast of current research in the field
- Collect data in the field and prepare written reports
Geoscientist Job Specifications
No doubt you want to hire the best geoscientist you can find, so buckle down and think about your geoscientist job specifications. You need to consider education, experience, technological skills and people skills, just to name a few items. Take education, for example. Do you require a candidate who majored in geoscience, or are you willing to accept a degree in a related field, such as geology or soil science? Talk to a hiring manager or those who will oversee the employee to get further input and come to a consensus about how to best fill the position.
Once you have decided upon a list of skills and qualifications for your geoscientist job description, organize it into a job qualifications and skills section with bullet points for emphasis. Don’t get carried away. A list of 6-8 items is a good length and will keep the jobseeker engaged. If some of the skills can be learned on the job, make sure that is noted in the description. That extra step increases your potential candidate pool.
Below are some possible job specifications for your geoscientist job description:
- Bachelor of science degree in geoscience or related field
- Experience in environmental site assessments
- Great oral and written communication skills
- Ability to plan and organize
- Dedication to ethical conduct and professionalism
- Experience in environmental sampling and field investigation<|endoftext|>Torre Guelfa
La Torre Guelfa è una torre di Pisa presso la Cittadella, che risale alla metà del XV secolo. Fu edificata durante la prima dominazione fiorentina (1406), quando venne ristrutturato tutta la zona di quello che era l'Arsenali della Repubblica. Il nome venne scelto in contrapposizione alla più antica Torre Ghibellina, eretta nel 1290 all'angolo Sud-Ovest del quartiere e andata in seguito distrutta. La torre aveva anche il compito di permettere l'avvistamento, essendo alta abbastanza da scorgere il mare e al tempo stesso di dominare la città, essendo chiaramente visibile dalla prima metà dei lungarni.
Durante i bombardamenti del 1944 venne quasi completamente distrutta, ma nel dopoguerra (1956) fu ricostruita scrupolosamente cercando di recuperare esattamente l'aspetto precedente. Oggi è aperta al pubblico e permette di ammirare una stupenda vista dalla sommità. All'interno sono stati collocati gli antichi stemmi familiari scolpiti di Capitani e Commissari Fiorentini che hanno governato la città.
Indirizzo
- Piazza Tersanaia - Cittadella Vecchia
- 56126 Pisa
Contatti
- Telefono: +39 055 3215446<|endoftext|>judges and jury, and though Professor Keeton argues very ably that they acted within the unsatisfactory rules and conventions of the day, he does not deny their political motives-which were hardly comparable with Pym's or Cromwell's. Statesmen and conspirators at least knew what treatment they could expect. The townsmen and countryfolk of the west who had in one way or another become involved in Monmouth's rebellion were a different matter. Jeffreys' notorious tour, with its sentences of death or transporta- tion handed out by the hundred, is excused by three pleas as familiar in the twentieth century as they were then: the stories were exaggerated for propaganda purposes; other people did things just as bad; there were orders from above. All the arguments contain a good deal of truth but not much contribution to historical understanding. Certainly Whig writers then, and later, circulated stories on inadequate evidence and dressed up party interests as constitutional or humanitarian ideals; certainly the Jacobite rebels of 1745 were ill-treated too; certainly James and Sunderland approved of Jeffreys' activities. What does this prove? Professor Keeton cannot claim to offer much new factual material. There are no private Jeffreys papers, and it would be useful to have more specific instances of apparently deliberate destruction of references to him. The diaries of a moderate Whig baroner in Cheshire, Sir Willoughby Ashton, which have not been much used before, have some vivid dialogue but little significant information. When the lurid colours have been toned down we are left with a pretty nasty specimen of the brutal authoritarian. D. H. PENNINGTON. Manchester. THE CENTRAL LABOUR COLLEGE. By W. W. Craik. Lawrence and Wishart, 1964. Pp. 192. 30s. The Central Labour College by W. W. Craik suffers from the failing memory of the author, and the complete lack of the records of the college. Consequently, it is an inadequate account of an institution which, in the thirteen effective years of its existence, turned out nineteen Labour members of Parliament, six ministers of Cabinet rank, and three general secretaries of national trade unions. With one exception, every constituency in the South Wales coalfield has, at one time or another, had an ex-Labour College student as its member. This is part of the story that is missing, together with the support that the South Wales miners gave to the rebellious students. Without that support there would have been no college. The author describes the establishment of Ruskin College, Oxford, in 1899, by a wealthy American, with the object of 'training working men for service in the Labour Movement'. The conflict between the ideas of
This text was generated automatically from the scanned page and has not been checked. Typical character accuracy is in excess of 99%, but this leaves one error per 100 characters.
The National Library of Wales has created and published this digital version of the journal under a licence granted by the publisher. The material it contains may be used for all purposes while respecting the moral rights of the creators.<|endoftext|>Hereford damızlık sığırı esasen 18. yüzyıl İngiltere'sinden gelmekle birlikte, yerel üretken sığırlardan üretilmiştir. Çok iyi üreten bir süt hayvanı yetiştirmek için, yerel hayvancılık özellikleriyle, erken laktasyon ve süt veriminin artması gibi iyileştirme çalışmaları yapılmıştır.
Yaklaşık 200 yıldan günümüze, Hereford damızlık sığırı büyük ölçüde ABD'de yetiştirilmiş ve bu sayede ilk sürü kitabı oluşturulmuştur. Akabinde Hereford damızlık sığırı dünyaya ihrac edilmiş, örneğin Kanada, Meksika, Avustralya Yeni Zelanda ve Güney Amerika gibi ülkelere gönderilmiştir. Hereford sığırlarının küresel yayılmasında başarılı bir üretim etkili olmuştur. Hereford sığırlarının özellikleri kıllarının kırmızı, ancak kafalarından gövdesinin altına doğru ise baş kıllarının beyaz olmasıdır. Kafaları küçük ve enlidir.
Hereford sığırlarının küresel yayılmasında başarılı bir üretim etkili olmuştur.
Genel bakışa geri dönmek istersiniz resime lütfen tıkılayın.
ALTINSTERN
AIDING ANIMAL HEALTH SINCE 1985
Hakkımızda
Verimliliğin yanı sıra proaktiviteye ve dürüstlük ilkesine inancımızla, müşterilerimze en son teknolojiyle en iyi çözümleri sunmaktayız.<|endoftext|>Kansas Geological Survey, Subsurface Geology 6, p. 145-160
Anthony W. Walton1 and Gary Griffith2
1University of Kansas
2TXO Production Co.
An Acrobat PDF file containing the complete paper is available (1.1 MB).
N. W. Bass (1929) pointed out that in the subsurface of Kansas, oil occurs in long, narrow "shoestring" sandstones, such as those in the Cherokee of the Cherokee Basin, and sheetlike bodies, of which he gave the "Stalnaker" of the Sedgwick Basin as an example. Over the years, many geologists have debated the origin of these types of sand, especially the famous shoestrings. Recent opinion seems to be settling on a fluvial or delta distributary origin for shoestrings, which are especially characteristic of the Pennsylvanian here.
Few examples of the sheetlike type have been documented, and less is known of their origin. Recent exploration by TXO Production in Harper County led to gas discoveries in the "Stalnaker" interval. In the course of development activities, TXO took a 60-ft core of "Stalnaker" in their Robinson C-1 well, sec. 20, T. 37 S., R. 8 W. in the Sullivan field in Harper County (figs. 1, 2, and 3). Careful examination of this core indicates that the sandstones it sampled accumulated in a deltaic environment.
Figure 1--Location map of Robinson C-1 well.
Figure 2--Stratigraphic subdivision of upper Missourian and lower Virgilian rocks in Kansas.
In the Robinson C-1 core, various environments of deltas are represented, especially the distributary mouth bar and the splays and bays of the delta platform. This core includes very good examples of the sedimentary structures and the episodic bedding characteristic of delta-front environments where river floods, marine storms, and day-today processes create a complexly variable environment. Superimposed upon this variability are larger cycles reflecting prograding and foundering delta lobes, or perhaps changes of sea level. Structures and sequences in this core are remarkably similar to those described for the modern Mississippi Delta (Coleman and Prior, 1980).
Cores such as this one are our best source of data for interpreting environments of deposition of sandstones. Information on environments of deposition is useful in many aspects of the petroleum industry. Reconstruction of paleogeography points to areas where porous rock may have accumulated. Offsets to discovery wells are best planned with knowledge of how the reservoir rocks formed. Mapping of reservoirs is guided by interpretation of environments. Estimates of reserves should be tempered by knowledge of likely size range of sand bodies of various origin. Finally,
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