Study_ID
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CRD42020204658 | What effective interventions exist that address resiliency and burnout at the resident physician level? Do these interventions provide a significant reduction on measures of stress or burnout and/ or is the effect of the intervention greater than that of a control or comparison condition? What is the quality of the research to date in this area? | Burnout is defined as a psychological syndrome developing due to a prolonged chronic interpersonal stressors. It includes feelings of overwhelming exhaustion, depersonalization, and a sense of lack of accomplishment and ineffectiveness. | null |
CRD42024588797 | To compare the attrition rates between immersive virtual reality and non-immersive virtual reality interventions in the treatment of psychosis.
To identify potential moderator variables that may influence the variability in attrition rates for immersive and non-immersive virtual reality interventions in the treatment of psychosis. | The term 'psychosis' encompasses a number of symptoms associated with significant alternations to a person's perception, thoughts, mood, and behaviour.
It is characterised by positive symptoms including hallucinations, delusions, disorganised behaviour, alongside negative symptoms including emotional blunting, reduced speech and social withdrawal.
Psychosis is not considered a standalone diagnosis but rather a symptom that can occur in several mental health disorders. In the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition), key diagnoses that involve psychotic symptoms include: schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, schizophreniform disorder, brief psychotic disorder, substance induced psychotic disorder, psychosis not otherwise specified.
In recent years, virtual reality (VR) has been used to help treat people with psychosis. Different mediums have been used which can be characterised as either immersive and non-immersive. | null |
CRD42020211214 | Question: What is the prevalence of periodontal disease in people with severe mental illness compared with people without this disorder?
Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate whether there is an association between SMI and periodontal disease.
Objective: To determine if people with SMI have poorer periodontal health than the general population.
Background Review: People with severe mental illness (SMI) have higher rates of comorbid physical illnesses, compared to the general population. Unfortunately, there is less data available, and less emphasis placed on the oral health aspect, which contributes to other systemic diseases including cardiovascular disease and cancer. Oral health diseases primarily consist of dental caries and periodontal disease. The former had been reported in a systematic review which established SMI was positively associated with edentulism and dental caries. People with SMI had 2.6 the odds of having lost all their teeth than the general community (95%CI=1.6-4.2). They also had significantly higher scores of dental decay (mean difference=5.0; 95%CI=2.5-7.4). However, the relationship between periodontal disease and SMI has yet to be investigated in a systematic review. | (1) Severe mental illness including schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar affective disorder and other psychotic disorders
(2) Periodontal disease including gingivitis and periodontitis. | null |
CRD42022377894 | Research topic: Alcohol and Tobacco Interventions: A Systematic Review
The aim of this study is to conduct a systematic review of behavioral and/or combination of behavioral with medication treatments for tobacco and alcohol cessation. | In 2020, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data estimated that 14.2% of US adults are current smokers and 51.9% drank in the last 30 days. Among current smokers, 57.0% drank in the last month compared to 51.1% among former and never smokers. BRFSS also estimates that 6.6.% of US adults are heavy drinkers. Among current smokers, 13.8% are estimated to be heavy drinkers compared to 5.4% among former and never smokers. Thus, there is significant co-use of alcohol and cigarette smoking in the population (CDC, 2020).
Alcohol consumption can negatively impact the efficacy of smoking cessation interventions. Evidence suggests that even modest consumption interferes with successful smoking cessation attempts (Kahler et al., 2010). A substantial proportion, 75%, of alcohol-dependent persons who smoke are interested in quitting both substances (Flach and Diener, 2004). Tobacco use has been rarely addressed in substance use treatment, because it was integrated into treatment culture, used often by patients and staff members during treatment, and even seen as beneficial and supported by providers focused on other substance use recovery (SAMHSA, 2011a, 2011b). However, simultaneous intervention improves outcomes in both behaviors and supports long-term recovery rather than inhibiting it (Prochaska et al., 2004). | null |
CRD42020201832 | This systematic review will examine the existing compassion-focused practices conducted in Asian cultures | This review will explore Compassion focused interventions conducted in Asian countries | null |
CRD42022309518 | This systematic review aims to address the following question: What healthcare interventions and models exist to detect and manage chronic non-communicable disease amongst adults (18+ years) in prisons or within 1 year following release from prison?
This above question can be formulated using the PICOS format as below:
Population - Adult offenders (aged 18+ years) currently serving time in any category prison for any offence, or who have recently been released from prison in the past 12 months
Intervention - Any healthcare intervention or model to detect, monitor, and/or manage any chronic non-communicable disease amongst adult prisoners.
Comparator - No control groups are required for inclusion in the review
Outcome - Any outcome measuring the acceptability, uptake, or effectiveness of healthcare interventions will be considered.
Study - Any study type reporting original data will be considered for inclusion in the review. | Any chronic non-communicable physical health condition such as hypertension, cardiovascular disease, arthritis, diabetes, COPD, asthma etc. Chronic diseases will be defined as per the National Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (NCCDPHP): conditions that last 1 year or more and require ongoing medical attention or limit activities of daily living or both.
Studies focusing on communicable diseases, mental illnesses, and substance use disorders without physical health sequelae will be excluded. | null |
CRD42024559858 | Can Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation reduce the symptoms (primarily, obsession and compulsion) in adult patients suffering with Obsessive-compulsive Disorder? | The condition we plan to study is Obsessive-compulsive Disorder (OCD). It is a chronic mental disorder that primarily features frequent obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors that usually interfere with the quality of life, and often are a cause of debilitating anxiety and depression. This disease affects people from all ages and walks of life, irrespective of gender and race. Multiple factors are assumed to play a role in pathogenesis of this condition including neurological, biological and environmental factors. Inclusion Criteria:-Human individuals with a diagnosis of Obsessive-compulsive Disorder/ treatment-resistant Obsessive-compulsive disorder (as per Diagnostic Criteria for Research (DCR) of International Classification of Diseases-tenth edition (ICD-10) by WHO, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Illnesses, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Illnesses, Fourth Edition (DSM-4), MINI or similar criteria) will contribute to our study population.-To increase inclusivity, trials with individuals diagnosed by expert psychiatrists and known patients of OCD will also be considered.-We look forward to selecting studies which continued the use of already prescribed drugs for their psychiatric condition during the course of trial, so that the change in symptoms are not subjected or precipitated by withdrawal symptoms.Exclusion Criteria:-Studies involving non-human participants.-We do not plan to include studies which recruited participants suffering with concomitant neuropsychiatric disorders, except depression and anxiety as they often accompany OCD and may well be a consequence of the actual disease.-Studies with participants substantial metabolic/systemic co-morbid conditions. Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation (cTBS) therapy is our target intervention, irrespective of intervals, coil, lateralization, site of stimulation, duration of treatment, number of pulses per session, sessions per day, and inter-stimulation interval. In the studies included, comparator of interest will be ‘’placebo/sham’’ intervention. This implies that the control group received ‘’fake’’ stimulation in which the participants, without being aware, were subjected to no stimulation at all at any point of the treatment. | null |
CRD420250645976 | Which co-design methodologies are best suited to creating interventions with people with dementia a | People living with dementiainterventions that have been created using co design methods People living with dementia People with a diagnosis of dementia Dementia dyads Early stages Mid stage dementia Later stages of dementia Young or Early onset (under 65 years) Interventions which related to psychosocial needs. Including interpersonal or informational activities, techniques, or strategies which target, behavioural, cognitive, emotional, interpersonal, social, or environmental factors with the aim of improving quality of life. Interventions designed for improving quality of life (including knowledge resources) Social care interventions Health related care interventions Studies recruiting Studies recruiting for PPIE or data collection NA | People diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment not dementia. Other intellectual disabilities/ learning disabilities Acquired brain injury Mental Health Family carers/ care partners only involved in the co-design Older people without a dementia diagnosis Interventions aimed at carers/ care partners Interventions aimed at service design/or developing new services No recruitment of people with dementia for PPIE or data collection. |
CRD42021220560 | Review Question: What are the effects of nature-based activities on the physical and mental health outcomes of adults age 65 year and older when compared to other non-pharmacological, pharmacological or control interventions?
P: Adults, aged 65 years and older with or without underlying health conditions.
I: Nature-based activities (e.g. gardening, watering, walking in a garden)
C: placebo, non-nature based activities, other non-pharmacological or pharmacological
O: Health effects (physical and mental health effects) | Narrative reviews have been conducted on nature-based activity interventions (e.g. gardening, planting, outdoor walking) in the general population and in older adults. There are a limited number of systematic reviews on this topic and existing reviews have utilized limited search strategies and have not included rigorous assessment of study quality. To date there have been no meta-analyses conducted on this topic. We conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis if possible including randomized control trials (RCTs) which have evaluated the effects of nature-based activities for individuals who are over 65 years old on physical and mental health outcomes. | null |
CRD42023481488 | What is the global use of task-shifting and task-sharing in anaesthesia practice? This encompasses exploring the factors that facilitate-, the challenges presented by-, various perspectives on-, and the overall impact of anaesthetic task-shifting and task-sharing measures on surgical service delivery, patient care and outcomes, and training and employment of anaesthesia doctors. | As insufficient anaesthetic capacity is one of the main challenges to deliver quality surgical care worldwide, we are seeking to investigate the feasibility of task-shifting/sharing to overcome the shortage of anaesthetic care providers in global surgery. | null |
CRD42024560631 | In what ways do feminist parenting approaches affect children's gender development, as compared to traditional parenting practices? | The objective is to systematically analyse the existing literature to gauge the extent of the impact of different parenting practices on children's gender attitudes and behaviours. A further objective is to explore potential mediating and moderating factors that influenced the relationship between parenting practices and children's gender development. These factors included the child's age, the family's cultural context, and parent gender and sexuality. | null |
CRD420251037226 | Explore the optimal traditional Chinese medicine exercise intervention for elderly sarcopenia patients' physical function. By rigorously screening literature, extracting data, assessing study quality, and conducting statistical analyses, ensure the accuracy and scientific validity of the results. This provides a solid theoretical basis for promoting traditional Chinese medicine exercises in clinical practice for elderly sarcopenia treatment. | The study participants include patients clinically diagnosed with sarcopenia in the elderly, aged 60 years or older. Traditional Chinese Medicine; Tai Chi PICO tags selected: Usual Care | null |
CRD42024580083 | What promotes integrated mental health care for refugee patients? sub-questions are: a) what causal mechanisms are involved in facilitating collaboration and service coordination amongst diverse healthcare, refugee patients and stakeholder groups?; b) in what settings (context) does a model of integrated care work; c) how can program theory be used by practitioners, policy makers and program planners across services to provide a pathway toward integrated mental healthcare for refugees? | Refugees seeking access to mental healthcare | null |
CRD42020201491 | What is the role of expectations in the context of student counselling: how have expectations been defined and measured in student counselling and what impact do these expectations have on student outcomes? | This research focuses on mental health counselling provided in a third level or higher education setting where students' expectations are assessed and monitored. | null |
CRD42022335005 | What is the impact of online intracommunity stigma upon transgender, non-binary and genderqueer youth health and wellbeing? | This protocol focuses on online environments and the interactions and experiences transgender, non-binary and genderqueer youth have within digitised spaces and the impact of these interaction upon their health and wellbeing. Intracommunity gender policing is used as a framework to identify acts, behaviours and social norms regarding gendered expectations that are held and enforced either knowingly or subconsciously from within and across the LGBTQ+ community itself. This differs from inter-community relations where these social expectations exist and are conducted between multiple different communities. | null |
CRD42019126090 | The broad aim of this systematic review is to analyze and summarize the available evidence concerning 30-day hospital readmissions, and the Hospital Readmission Reduction Program (HRRP). Specifically, the systematic review is aimed:
1. To analyze and present evidence of the patterns of hospital readmissions among Medicare beneficiaries, and the motivation behind the authorization of the Hospital Readmission Reduction Program under the Affordable Care Act of 2010.
2. To assess risk factors associated with excess unplanned readmissions.
3. To clarify evidence of patients and hospital characteristics experiencing or reporting excess readmissions.
4. To evaluate the intended and unintended consequences of HRRP concerning readmission among Medicare patient population.
5. To analyze suggestions or proposals to strengthen, fix or do away with the HRR program. | Recently, hospital readmissions metric, considered an indicator of healthcare quality, has been used to adjust payments to some hospitals. Previously, providers lacked incentives to invest in efforts to reduce unplanned readmissions[1]. This changed following the implementation of the HRRP. Now hospitals face a penalty for excess readmissions for targeted conditions. Some studies suggest a decline in readmissions as a result of HRRP[2-5], while other studies indicate impact of the HRRP is overstated, or worse, it led to increase in mortality[6, 7]. Some studies have recommended a rethinking or adjusting the program design. The purpose of this review is:
1. To analyze and present evidence of the patterns of hospital readmissions among Medicare beneficiaries, and the motivation behind the authorization of the Hospital Readmission Reduction Program under the Affordable Care Act of 2010.
2. To assess risk factors associated with excess avoidable readmissions.
3. To clarify evidence of patients and hospital characteristics experiencing or reporting excess readmissions
4. To evaluate the intended and unintended consequences of HRRP concerning readmissions among Medicare patient population.
5. To analyze suggestions or proposals to strengthen, fix or do away with the program. | null |
CRD42024581052 | What is the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for children of Parents with Cancer (survivor or non- survivor)? | The experience of parental cancer is a traumatic event for the children that can have profound and lasting effects on a child's psychosocial well-being. Children who experience parental cancer may undergo significant physical, cognitive, emotional, and behavioral changes. They are at an increased risk of mental health issues, including depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Some studies suggest that these children also have a higher risk of self-injury. Considering the high incidence of cancer and the significant psychosocial challenges that children encounter, it is crucial to assess the effectiveness of available interventions aimed at improving child mental health and well-being. | null |
CRD42023495827 | 1. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to identify and quantify the effects of Taekwondo interventions on depression.
2. Should the data ultimately included be sufficient, we will explore variations among different populations, genders, and regions.
3. Investigate the optimal intervention protocols for Taekwondo interventions' impact on depression. | Depression is a common mental health issue, characterized by persistent sadness, a decrease in interest or pleasure, and low energy. It affects not only emotional states but can also impact physical health and daily life. Depression is increasingly becoming a severe psychological problem.
Taekwondo is a comprehensive martial arts sport that combines both punching and kicking techniques.
Many previous studies have confirmed that practicing Taekwondo has a positive effect on mental health. Some scholars have also researched whether Taekwondo can improve symptoms of depression. Therefore, we will conduct a quantitative synthesis of existing research findings to confirm more detailed and precise results. | null |
CRD42022381546 | The primary aim of this review is to identify current models of Community lead Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander perinatal mental health care in Australia.
Secondary outcomes are to synthesise knowledge about characteristics that are fundamental to models such as culture, Community-driven self-determination, Grandmother’s Lore, Women’s Business, attachment, and trauma-informed care. | Indigenous Perinatal Mental Health in Australia | null |
CRD420250653433 | Adults
Large language model
Placebo, traditional psychotherapy methods, decision tree AI
Depression/anxiety levels
RCTs (Randomized Controlled Trials) | Depression\\Anxiety\\Mental Health | null |
CRD420250623147 | Whether sleep and circadian rhythm are associated with mental resilience, if considering resilience from the perspectives of resilience capacity (coping strategies) and posttraumatic growth (good mental health outcome despite experiences of stress or trauma). | Mental resilience, as defined as a capacity or a positive mental health outcome following adversity and stress. Inclusion: Human participants across aged 6 years old and above. With high-level resilience capacity (measured by validated questionnaires), or with positive mental health outcome after past experiences of stressful events or trauma events. WIth low-level resilience capacity (measured by validated questionnaires), or with poor mental health outcome (measured by validated questionaires, or diagnosed by clinical interview) after past experiences of stressful events or trauma events (e.g., post-traumatic stress disorder, acute stress disorder, adjustment disorder). | Exclusion: Animal studies and experimental studies. |
CRD42024524765 | What is the effect of school-based stress, anxiety, and depression prevention programs for young people? | Given the recent rise in adolescent mental health issues, many researchers have turned to school-based mental health programs as a way to reduce stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms among large groups of adolescents. The purpose of the current systematic review and meta-analysis is to identify and evaluate the efficacy of school-based programming aimed at reducing internalizing mental health problems of adolescents. | null |
CRD42024616351 | A Review of Visual Behavior and Correspondent Blood Oxygen Response in Autism
Spectrum Disorder | Individuals with autism spectrum disorders | null |
CRD42023405005 | The aim of this meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials is to evaluate the efficacy of web-based compassion intervetion for compassion of the informal caregivers. | The importance of informal caregivers' health and well-being is becoming more widely recognized. Family members, close friends, and/or other people who provide unpaid physical, emotional, medical, or financial support to a care receiver are considered informal caregivers[1]. In the United States, 47.9 million individuals as an informal caregiver for a family member or friend age 18 or older, in the last year. It is undoubtedly clear that individuals who take on the responsibility of caring for another person who is sick or disabled find it difficult. Caregivers shoulder long-term caregiving responsibilities which have given them a sense of purpose or meaning. On another hand, these positive emotions often coexist with an emotional response, and even develop into psychological health problems, and have higher levels of depression and stress, and lower levels of self-efficacy and subjective well-being.
Recently, researches indicate that higher levels of compassion as a protective emotional adaption factor in family carers are associated with lower levels of burden and compassion fatigue. Compassion training may be especially good for informal caregivers, as it may boost mental health and alleviate suffering. It also may be thought of as a preventive intervention that can decrease psychological distress and increase overall well-being. | null |
CRD42024596961 | This study compares the effects of different interventions on women's body imagery through systematic assessment and net Meta-analysis, aiming to reveal the effects of various intervention strategies and their magnitude through direct and indirect comparisons. | Many studies have focused on a single intervention approach and lacked a systematic comparison of multiple intervention modalities, making it difficult to determine which intervention is most effective. In light of this, the purpose of this study was to assess and compare the effectiveness of multiple intervention approaches on women's body imagery through a reticulated Meta-analysis approach. | null |
CRD42022369458 | What are the experiences of perinatal depression of migrant women to Canada, as reported by migrant women and by service providers who work with them? | Perinatal depression, defined as depression during pregnancy and up to one year post-partum (i.e., post-partum depression [PPD]) can lead to poorer short and long term health outcomes for the mother-child dyad, and increased maternal mortality. A 2015 meta-analysis reported a 2-fold higher prevalence of depressive symptoms in immigrant women compared to non-immigrant women during the postpartum period. | null |
CRD420250655597 | How effective is aromatherapy intervention in improving nurses' physical and psychological well-being? | Stress; Anxiety; Quality Of Sleep Nurses with stress, anxiety, sleep quality issues, and job-related fatigue. Inhalation Therapy Management; Aromatherapy | null |
CRD42024550714 | What are the experiences of family members of emergency response workers (ERs)
Sub-questions:
- What are the experiences views and needs of family members of ERs?
- What mental health and wellbeing issues are experienced by family members of ERs?
- How family members of ERs could be supported to improve their mental health and wellbeing? | The domain of interest will be to explore the experiences and impacts of being a family member of an ER. This will include a focus on various aspects of their experiences such as personal emotional and psychological impacts, as well as considering the wider context such as practical impacts or effects upon the family dynamic. Furthermore, the available interventions and support plans for these family members will also be reviewed. | null |
CRD42020179109 | The overarching aim of the systematic review is to provide direction on how mental health peer support services should be implemented in Asian countries. The following questions will be addressed:
1. How effective are mental health peer services in Asia?
2. What adaptations were used when implementing mental health peer services in Asia?
3. What are the limitations reported of mental health peer services in Asia? | Formal peer support services in mental health settings within Asia. This could be in group settings or one-to-one interventions. Formal services refer to those that are implemented within an organization that provides mental health care. | null |
CRD42024510595 | In patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD), does the administration of Gepirone, compared to placebo, demonstrate superior efficacy in the treatment of MDD? | Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) stands as a pervasive mental health challenge, affecting an estimated 17.3 million adults in the United States alone (according to the National Institute of Mental Health). In addressing this prevalent issue, Gepirone, an FDA-approved medication, has appeared as a potential therapeutic option. Gepirone operates as the first oral 5-HT1A serotonin receptor agonist approved by the FDA to treat depression. Its approval by the FDA signifies a milestone in psychiatric pharmacotherapy, providing an alternative with potentially fewer side effects compared to prior medications, which often present undesirable side effects. Common side effects of Gepirone may include dizziness and nausea. As society grapples with the pervasive impact of depressive disorders, exploring and understanding new treatments like Gepirone becomes crucial for enhancing mental health outcomes and quality of life. | null |
CRD42020158831 | This review investigates whether combined physical and cognitive training can improve inhibition control. In doing so, we aim to identify whether this combined training strategy holds therapeutic promise as a future intervention for disorders involving deficits in inhibition control, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), substance and behavioural addictions and attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder (ADHD).
In addition, the effect of the parameters of physical and cognitive training, such as frequency, intensity and duration, on the outcomes (i.e. inhibition control) will also be assessed. This will assist in guiding future studies examining the effects of combined physical and cognitive training. | This review will focus on the domain of inhibition control. The model of inhibition which will be referred to throughout encompasses response inhibition, which involves resisting the urge to engage in particular motor responses, and cognitive inhibition, which involves resisting attentional distraction from stimuli (Aron, Robbins & Poldrack, 2004; Tiego, Testa, Bellgrove, Pantelis & Whittle, 2018). Measures of response inhibition involves tasks such as the stop-signal and measures of cognitive inhibition involves tasks such as the stroop. Whilst individuals vary on a spectrum of inhibition control, with some who find this more difficult than others, greater deficits in inhibition are associated with a number of mental health concerns, including OCD, ADHD and substance and behavioural addictions.
References
Aron, A. R., Robbins, T. W., & Poldrack, R. A. (2004). Inhibition and the right inferior frontal cortex. Trends in cognitive sciences, 8(4), 170-177.
Tiego, J., Testa, R., Bellgrove, M. A., Pantelis, C., & Whittle, S. (2018). A hierarchical model of inhibitory control. Frontiers in psychology, 9, 1339. | null |
CRD42024556659 | PPopulationAssess satisfaction with prosthesis use (Comfort)IIntervention or exposureQuestionnaires that fully or partially describe satisfaction with prosthesis useCComparator(Not specified)OOutcomesSatisfaction with prosthesis useTType of studySystematic reviews and meta-analyses | Lower limb amputation can lead to significant changes in individuals' quality of life, impacting everything from mobility to functional independence and mental health. The use of prostheses emerges as a crucial intervention, providing not only functional compensation but also influencing patients' self-esteem and social reintegration. However, satisfaction with prostheses is a complex and multidimensional aspect, involving physical, psychological, social, and even cultural factors. Assess satisfaction with prosthesis use (Comfort) Questionnaires that fully or partially describe satisfaction with prosthesis use (Not specified) | null |
CRD42022362094 | The Population (P), Intervention (I), Comparison (C), Outcome (O) (PICO) Framework recommended for use with questions related to effectiveness of an intervention (Stern, Jordan, & McArthur, 2014) was used to develop the research questions which were:
Does Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) (I) affect mental health symptomology (O) with older people (55 and over) (P) pre and post therapy (C)?
Broken down further this answers the following questions:
• What is the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for older people?
• How do people aged 55+ respond to ACT?
• How do measures of mental health change pre and post therapy for older people engaging in ACT? | Any mental health condition where there is measurable symptomology (e.g. anxiety, depression) | null |
CRD42022325536 | What are the preoperative factors that affect patient reported outcomes after hip and knee replacement? | Patient reported outcomes in patients undergoing hip and knee replacements, primarily for osteoarthritis. Adult patients undergoing primary hip or knee replacements, primarily for osteoarthritis. Reviews which have included data from patients undergoing elective hip or knee replacements for other indications, such as rheumatoid arthritis or developmental dysplasia of the hip, will be included if these were unselected patient groups and included primarily patients with osteoarthritis. Studies reporting on outcomes in patients treated with unicompartmental knee replacements will be included.Reviews including studies of patients receiving hip or knee replacement for fractures, and studies reporting on revision surgery will be excluded. Studies reporting on hemiarthroplasty or hip resurfacing will be excluded. Systematic reviews will be included if they report on the effect of at least one preoperative factor on post-operative patient reported outcomes. Any preoperative risk factor will be included but may include physical or mental health status, comorbidities, demographics, function, pain or expectations. Studies reporting on the effect of pre-operative interventions will not be included. None specified. | null |
CRD420251010697 | The primary objective of this meta-analysis is to provide a comprehensive estimate of the suicide rates among Chinese adolescents with depression, addressing the inconsistencies in the existing literature. Additionally, this study aims to identify key risk factors associated with suicide rates, including sociodemographic, biological, lifestyle, behavioral, and family/social environmental factors. By synthesizing existing data, this research will offer a scientific basis for the development of targeted clinical interventions and public health policies, ultimately promoting the prevention and treatment of adolescent depression and reducing the incidence of suicidal behaviors. | Adolescents with depression (as diagnosed using any recognised diagnostic criteria) This review will include cross-sectional studies, case-control studies, and cohort studies reporting suicide rates and their risk factors among Chinese adolescents with depression. | Studies focusing on mental health conditions other than depression. These interventional studies will be excluded because the focus of this review is on the natural history and risk factors associated with suicide rates in adolescents with depression, rather than the effects of specific interventions. |
CRD420250635807 | What are the consequences of emotional neglect for children and adolescents? | Childhood; Adolescence; Neglect Or Abandonment; Clinical Outcome Emotional Neglect desktop studies on children and adolescents Measuring Patient-Reported Outcomes This systematic review will include published peer-reviewed articles and grey literature that focus on the developmental impact of emotional neglect from early childhood to adulthood. The studies must specifically address emotional neglect without including physical abuse or other forms of maltreatment. Both qualitative and quantitative research exploring developmental outcomes in emotional, cognitive, or social functioning will be considered. Studies examining emotional neglect's impact across various developmental stages will also be included. Only studies published in English within the last 10 years (2014–2024) will be reviewed to ensure relevance to current research. Full-text studies are required for inclusion.Studies on other types of abuse, such as physical or sexual abuse, or studies which investigate at emotional neglect in conjunction with other forms of maltreatment without focussing on its particular impacts will not be included in this systematic review. Research pertaining to groups other than those in the early childhood through adulthood age or that do not concentrate on developmental outcomes will be disregarded. Exclusion of non-English studies, journals without full text accessibility, and research conducted prior to 2014 will also be enforced to ensure adherence to the review's timeline and criteria. Furthermore, non-empirical research, reviews, commentary, and editorials will not be included. Children/adolescents with emotional neglect vs. those without | null |
CRD42020164275 | To develop a theoretical understanding of the processes through which residential treatments are effective at addressing alcohol and substance use disorders.
Review questions:
a. What are the outcomes of community-based residential treatments targeting alcohol and substance use?
b. How, why, for whom, and in what context are community-based residential treatments effective? | Problem substance use (drugs and/or alcohol). | null |
CRD42025638495 | How are artificial intelligence (AI)-driven interventions, such as conversational agents, game-based platforms, and robotic systems, utilized in child and adolescent psychotherapy and developmental support, and what are their impacts on therapeutic outcomes, accessibility, and user engagement compared to traditional or alternative methods? | The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in child and adolescent psychotherapy and developmental support, focusing on its use as an intervention to enhance therapeutic outcomes, increase accessibility, and deliver personalized care. | null |
CRD420250614419 | 1. Is there a relationship between callous-unemotional traits and autism/ADHD traits?2. What are the mental health problems associated with callous-unemotional traits in those with autism/ADHD traits? | Callous-unemotional traits Children and young people. Inclusion:- Mean age of the sample is less than 25 years, with no participants over 30 years- Autism and ADHD traits are measured using a validated measure or the sample have a reported diagnosis of autism and/or ADHDExclusion:- See above Not applicable, although we will describe any child maltreatment that is measures within the samples due to the links between child maltreatment and callous-unemotional traits. Not applicable, although we will describe any child maltreatment that is measures within the samples due to the links between child maltreatment and callous-unemotional traits. | null |
CRD42024593010 | With our meta-analysis we aim to answer the following questions:
1. Which DSM-5 symptoms are covered most often by the identified mental health measures? How much symptom-overlap (and symptom-differences) exist between the measures?
2. Which DSM-5 diagnoses are covered most often by the identified mental health measures? How much diagnosis-overlap (and diagnosis-differences) exist between the measures?
3. How many items of the identified measures fall into the following four symptom categories: cognitive, behavioural, emotional, and physiological?
4. What kind of content do the identified measures cover that goes beyond DSM-5 symptoms? How many items of the identified measures go beyond DSM-5 symptoms? How much content-overlap (and content-differences) exists with regard to the beyond-symptoms of the identified measures?
5. How modifiable are the beyond-symptoms and how do they relate to the concept of positive mental health? | Mental health related measures are central instruments for the psychodiagnostic process and enable the evaluation of therapy processes and outcome, for both the clinical practice and research. However, since mental health is a complex, multidimensional concept, there is currently no consensus on how to conceptualize it. Common symptom-based classification systems, such as the DSM-5, are increasingly criticized because they do not take into account the multidimensionality of the concept. Accordingly, there is a lack of standardized measures that fully capture this multidimensionality. Therefore, the aim of this meta-analysis is to analyse the content of existing mental health measures and to use the compiled content to identify relevant indicators of mental health, based on symptoms and content that goes beyond symptoms. Specific research questions are listed in the respective section. | null |
CRD42020155527 | What is the strength of association between paternal perinatal mental health problems and externalising and internalising symptoms in children? What moderates this relationship? | Depression and Anxiety in fathers in the perinatal period and behavioural and emotional outcomes in children, specifically externalising and internalising symptoms. | null |
CRD42020207697 | 1. What is the available evidence on the determinants of stress, anxiety, and depression among pregnant women in Sub- Saharan Africa?
2. What is the evidence available on the quality of life profile of pregnant women in Sub- Saharan Africa?
3. What is the role of stress, anxiety, and depression on the quality of life of pregnant women in Sub- Saharan Africa? | The research on common mental disorder and its effect on the quality of life of pregnant women in Asia brings out various trends with one crosscutting feature, namely dynamic changes in economic and responses from family and health resources to the changes and demands of pregnancy. To understand and address the problem of maternal mental common disorders and its effect on the quality of life of the pregnant woman, there is a need for a comprehensive and multi-layered approach that requires tailor-made studies on the phenomena. This review is oriented on the maternal mental health problem and its impact on the quality of life of pregnant women in West Africa. It aims to assess the available evidence of common mental disorder and its effect on the quality of life of pregnant women in West Africa. In other words, the review is to synthesize existing evidence about the common mental disorder (stress, anxiety, and depression) on the quality of life of pregnant women in West Africa. | null |
CRD42024560341 | Are interventions for climate change-related disasters effective in promoting/mitigating the impacts on mental health? | Psychological distress; Psychological Trauma; Mental Health Promotion Climate change impacts populations worldwide and has been associated with an increased frequency in extreme weather events and disasters (Banholzer, Kossin, & Donner, 2014). Climate change-related disasters have been defined as natural disasters such as floods, storms, droughts, and heat waves which have been provoked and intensified as a result of human influence (Bell et al, 2001; Thomas & López, 2015). Over recent years the understanding of the impact of climate change related events on mental health has grown exponentially (Cowlishaw et al., 2024; Leppold et al, 2022). Anxiety, depression and post traumatic stress disorder are some of the most common psychiatric disorders associated with such disasters (Beaglehole et al., 2018; Clayton, 2020).Although recent research has led to the development of new interventions to improve mental health such as psychotherapy, resilience building programmes, nature-based activities, community and climate activism projects (Baudon & Jachens, 2021; Bingley et al., 2022; Xue et al., 2024), little is known about the overall effectiveness of such interventions. The proposed systematic review and meta-analysis will identify interventions which aim to promote/mitigate the impacts on mental health associated with climate change-related disasters and subsequently determine their effectiveness. Studies which empirically evaluate an outcome (e.g. anxiety/resilience) of a mental health/psychosocial intervention for climate change-related disasters. Research in human participants. 1. Intervention only studies - pre and post intervention. 2. Case control studies - intervention vs no intervention/alternative intervention/treatment as usual/equivalent control group. Any comparator e.g. another intervention/non-exposed control group/treatment as usual/equivalent control group | Non-empirical qualitative research. Theoretical papers. Grey literature. Non-English Language papers. Studies published prior to 1st January 2007 (consistent with IPCC's fourth assessment report (AR4) and previous literature (Sharpe & Davison, 2021; Solomon et al., 2007)). |
CRD42023465996 | 1.Population: Adolescents and emerging adults with insomnia
2.Intervention: Digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia
3.Comparison: Sleep hygiene or waiting list control
4.Outcome: Effectiveness of digital cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia in improving sleep quality and reducing symptoms
5.Study design: Randomized controlled trial | Research has shown that adolescence and early adulthood are critical periods for the exacerbation of insomnia symptoms and the occurrence of related disorders. This phase is characterized by rapid physical and psychological development, as well as significant physiological, psychological, and social changes. These changes can disrupt sleep patterns and contribute to potential sleep issues. Moreover, the pressures of academic burdens, the use of social media, and daily life changes can negatively impact sleep in adolescents and young adults.
Adverse effects of insomnia in this age group include decreased attention and memory abilities, impaired learning, and daytime sleepiness and fatigue. Insomnia is closely associated with mood disorders such as anxiety and depression, behavioral issues, social problems, and physical discomfort such as headaches and stomachaches. Additionally, there is a certain association between insomnia in adolescence and early adulthood and an increased risk of self-harm and suicide.
Therefore, researchers and healthcare professionals need to focus on insomnia issues in adolescents and young adults, undertaking research on its causes, risk factors, and interventions. Providing comprehensive and individualized sleep advice, cognitive-behavioral therapy, medication treatments, and holistic support for mental health may play a positive role in helping adolescents and young adults overcome insomnia problems. | null |
CRD420250643534 | What are the mental health outcomes for Queer People of Colour? | Mental Health Care; Mental Health Review A concise systematic literature review has not been conducted on what is currently known about mental health for queer-POCs as a community, and so would be beneficial for this under-researched area to consolidate findings and gaps. Participants identified as both queer (non-heterosexual) and POC (non-white) Focus on mental health Mental Health Assessment; Mental Health Screening; Mental Health Treatment; Mental Health Care; Mental Health Review; Mental Health History Focus on mental health PICO tags selected: Mental Health Screening; Mental Health Assessment; Mental Health Treatment | Participants identifying as queer (non-heterosexual) or POC, but not both. Participants identifying as transgender/gender diverse/gender queer Papers not looking at mental health impact |
CRD42017064294 | Aim of the study: | A diagnostic instrument: the validity and reliability of the SDQ as a screening instrument for the mental health of children and adolescents 4-17 years old. | null |
CRD420250577750 | What barriers hinder effective mental health care for South Asians living in Canada? What are the facilitators that promote effective mental health care for South Asians in Canada? What specific mental health stressors are experienced by South Asians living in Canada? | Mental Health of South Asians in Canada. South Asian populations: India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Afghanistan, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Nepal, or Bhutan.Inclusion: South Asians in Canada. Exclusion: South Asians in other countries. The focus of the review is on barriers preventing South Asians in Canada from seeking and accessing mental health services, facilitators that encourage help-seeking and accessing mental health services, as well as the mental health stressors experienced by South Asians living in Canada. Not applicable. | null |
CRD420250619288 | Identify studies published between 1970 and 2025 which feature development and validation of self-report measurement tools aimed at assessing individuals’ beliefs and evaluations of own and/or others’ emotions; | Mental health and wellbeing; emotional schema; beliefs/appraisals of own and/or others' emotions Adult samples aged 18+ Non-clinical population Measures of emotional schema (beliefs, evaluations, judgements of own and/or others' emotions) | Population <18 years or over the age of 70 Clinical population Measures of: emotion control/regulation, expression or intensity. |
CRD420250653054 | • Population (P): Transgender, non-binary, and gender-diverse individuals (no restrictions on age or sex).• Intervention (I): Gender-affirming hormone therapy (e.g., testosterone, estrogen) and gender-affirming surgeries (e.g., vaginoplasty, mastectomy, hysterectomy).• Comparison (C): Not applicable (descriptive and prevalence-focused study).• Outcomes (O):o Primary: Prevalence and characteristics of pain chronic paino Secondary: Relationship between gender-affirming interventions and pain, impact on quality of life, mental health associations.• Study (Type of study): Randomized clinical trials (RCTs), non-RCT observational studies (cohort, cross-sectional). | Chronic pain in transgender individuals is a complex and multifaceted condition influenced by biological, psychological, and social factors. Transgender individuals experience higher rates of chronic pain compared to cisgender populations, which may be attributed to gender-affirming medical interventions, hormonal therapies, surgical procedures, musculoskeletal changes, and psychosocial stressors such as discrimination and minority stress. This systematic review aims to evaluate the prevalence, characteristics, and treatment approaches for chronic pain in transgender individuals, with a specific focus on the impact of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and gender-affirming surgeries. Understanding these factors is crucial to developing tailored pain management strategies that address both biomedical and psychosocial aspects of chronic pain in transgender populations. This systematic review focuses on transgender individuals experiencing chronic pain, defined as pain persisting for more than three months. The population includes transgender men, transgender women, and non-binary individuals who have undergone or are undergoing hormone replacement therapy (HRT) with estrogen or testosterone and/or gender-affirming surgeries.Inclusion CriteriaPatients with Chronic Pain: Neuropathic, nociceptive, or nociplastic pain. Only patients with a confirmed diagnosis of chronic pain, with mention of diagnostic methods or accepted definitions (e.g., ICD-11 criteria or other guidelines).Therapeutic Interventions: Patients who have undergone gender-affirming surgeries or are undergoing hormone replacement therapy (HRT).Age Range: Between 18 and 65 years old.Types of Studies: Observational studies, including case-control and cohort studies. This systematic review focuses on the impact of gender-affirming medical interventions on chronic pain in transgender individuals. The key interventions (or exposures) being analyzed include:Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT):Estrogen therapy (for transgender women and some non-binary individuals).Testosterone therapy (for transgender men and some non-binary individuals).Analysis of how hormonal changes affect pain perception, musculoskeletal health, and neuropathic pain symptoms.Gender-Affirming Surgeries:Chest surgery (mastectomy or breast augmentation).Genital reconstruction surgery (phalloplasty, vaginoplasty, metoidioplasty).Facial feminization or masculinization procedures.Other soft tissue and skeletal modifications related to gender transition.Assessment of postoperative pain, long-term chronic pain, and neuropathic pain risks associated with these procedures. Not applicable | Exclusion Criteria Preexisting Clinical Conditions: Systemic arterial hypertension (SAH), Diabetes Mellitus (DM), and malignant neoplasms (cancer). Specific Populations: Elderly patients (age over 65 years), pregnant individuals, patients with immunodeficiencies, and patients with rheumatologic diseases. Ineligible Studies: Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and case reports. Inadequate Methodology: Lack of widely recognized validated scales to assess and grade pain. |
CRD420250615763 | 1. What preventive intervention programs with reported long-term effectiveness (≥ 12 months) are available for preventing common mental disorders (CMDs) in the youth population?2. What are the long-term effects of these preventive interventions? | Preventative intervention; Mental disorder The long-term impact of preventive interventions remains underexplored due to the high costs of long-term trials and the need for large sample sizes to detect significant effects. In addition, the reality is that less than 5% of mental health research funding goes to prevention research. It is crucial to find evidence that preventive interventions are effective in the long-term, to offer guidance for investing in sustained preventive strategies and thereby reducing the burden of mental health problems. This systematic review aims to investigate the long-term effectiveness of preventive interventions for common mental disorders. Participants will be 0-24 years old, of any gender, and those who did not meet the criteria of CMDs at baseline living in high-income countries (HIC) or low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). We include universal prevention studies, targeting the population at large, and studies with indicated prevention, including participants who already have some depressive/anxiety symptoms but do not meet the diagnostic criteria for MDD/GAD/panic disorder/phobias/social anxiety disorder/obsessive-compulsive disorder. Finally, we also include selective prevention studies, including participants who may not currently have CMDs symptoms but who are at high risk of developing CMDs due to some other characteristics. Preventive interventions including universal, selective, indicated interventions. The control conditions will include a waiting list, (a period of) no intervention, or an active placebo. | null |
CRD42020221432 | Are there any relationships between changes in neuropsychological outcomes and clinical outcomes before and after treatments among children with ADHD?
Additional detail
1. Neuropsychological outcome measures are including any types of tests measuring cognition (i.e. response inhibition, short-term memory, working memory, temporal discounting, timing, and reaction time variability)
2. Clinical outcome measures are including subjective rating scales for ADHD symptoms, behavioural or functional impairments, or quality of life (i.e., rated by either patient, parents, or teachers).
3. Types of treatments are including pharmacological and non-pharmacological (e.g., cognitive training) | Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common mental health disorders among school-age children. Children with ADHD present with developmentally inappropriate inattentive and/or hyperactive-impulsive symptoms across different settings that impair their personal, social or academic functioning (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). While there is no known single major cause or cure for ADHD, early diagnosis and measurement-based care (i.e. clinical decision making based on treatment response data collected during treatment) can provide optimal environments and opportunities for children with ADHD and minimise or prevent its negative consequences to one’s life (NICE, 2018). However, clinicians in practice have reported that the dominance of subjectively rated treatment outcome measures limits measurement-based care for several reasons: difficulties in obtaining teacher reports, low test-retest reliability on subjective symptom questionnaires, and variability in the interpretation of impairment and QoL among parents, patients and teachers (Hall et al., 2016; Danckaerts et al., 2010). To overcome these challenges, supplementary valid, reliable and practical objective measures are required to enhance further clinical judgement in monitoring treatment response and improve treatment outcomes. | null |
CRD42022332393 | What is the effect of physical activity on the quality of life's colorectal cancer survivors? | Assess the effect of physical activity on the quality of life's colorectal cancer survivors who had completed their treatment. | null |
CRD42024505815 | 1. explores the mental well-being of academic professionals in Malaysia and the various factors that may influence their mental health.
2. This study may delve into stressors unique to the academic environment, such as work-related pressures, job demands, work-life balance, and institutional support systems. | This review aim to explores the mental well-being of academic professionals in Malaysia and the various factors that may influence their mental health. This study may delve into stressors unique to the academic environment, such as work-related pressures, job demands, work-life balance, and institutional support systems. Additionally, it could investigate how cultural and societal factors specific to Malaysia contribute to the mental health challenges faced by academicians. The research aims to shed light on the prevalence of mental health issues, identify key influencing factors, and propose potential strategies for improving the overall mental well-being of academicians in the Malaysian context. | null |
CRD42023471754 | The aim of this review is to identify and evaluate the relationship between psychopathy and alcohol use. The review will aim to accomplish this by answering one main and one secondary research question:
1) Is psychopathy a vulnerability factor for problematic alcohol use?
2) Do the lifestyle and antisocial features of psychopathy relate differently to alcohol use than the affective and interpersonal features?
It is unclear whether longitudinal studies include a post measure of psychopathy in order to examine the bidirectional relationship between psychopathy and alcohol use. However, if data is available to do so, we will also examine the following questions:
3) Is problematic alcohol use a vulnerability factor for psychopathy?
4) How are factor-level (i.e. lifestyle/antisocial vs. interpersonal/affective) psychopathy scores influenced by problematic alcohol use?
5) Is alcohol use both a vulnerability factor for psychopathy and a complication of psychopathy? | Psychopathy is a personality construct characterized by traits such as manipulation, callousness, shallow affect, need for stimulation, and poor behavioural controls (Hare, 2003). Psychopathy is commonly discussed in terms of interpersonal/affective features (Factor 1; shallow affect, grandiose, superficial, callous) and lifestyle/antisocial features (Factor 2; criminal versatility, juvenile delinquency, impulsivity, need for stimulation).
Problematic alcohol use refers to increased frequency of alcohol consumption, increased quantity of consumption, the presence of binge drinking, increased frequency of binge drinking, the presence of symptoms of Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) such as dependence, withdrawal, or alcohol related problems (e.g. alcohol use interferes in work or responsibilities), or increased severity of symptoms of AUD. This study is interested in the relationship between psychopathy and any of the above categorical or continuous indices of problematic alcohol use. | null |
CRD42024517927 | Review Question: In women who have experienced previous pregnancy loss, what is the evidence of the impact on the mother-foetus relationship in subsequent pregnancies?
The review will follow the PECOS framework, however this will not include a comparison criteria because we are interested in identifying all studies, regardless of comparison groups:
Population: Women who are pregnant
Exposure: a history of pregnancy loss
Outcome: Quality of relationship/attachment/bond with subsequent foetus during next pregnancy
Study type: Quantitative | Mother- foetus relationship. | null |
CRD42022368835 | What is the prevalence of violence in patients diagnosed with First Episode Psychosis? | First Episode Psychosis is the first time that patients suffering from a psycotic illness first show signs of losing touch with reality often due to postive symptons such as hallucinations and delusions - Schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (schizophrenia and other psychoses) | null |
CRD42023473068 | Do older adults with multimorbidity adopt digital technology to support self-management of their health?
What are the factors (i.e., barriers, facilitators and benefits) that influence the adoption of digital technology in older adults with multimorbidity to support self-management of their health? | Multimorbidity refers to a person in the presence of two or more long-term health conditions. A long-term condition also known as a chronic condition, is defined as a health problem that currently cannot be cured but can be controlled under medications or other rehibitions. Chronic conditions need ongoing management over a period of years. Examples of chronic conditions include diabetes, asthma, hypertension, arthritis, cancer and mental health conditions. According to the list of WHO (2016), patients with multimorbidity have a bigger risk of polypharmacy and poor medication adherence, larger needs for clear communication and patient-centred care, prioritising in self-management regimens and more vulnerability due to poor health, older age, and limited health literacy. Also, the study showed that Individuals with multimorbidity and chronic conditions are more likely to feel challenges in the health promotion-related tasks or situations, which leads them to be at a higher risk for inadequate health management (Wieczored et al, 2023). | null |
CRD42020173302 | What is the prevalence of children/adolescents identified as being at-risk of significant behavioral and/or emotional problems based on the results of school-based mental health screening? For those children/adolescents identified as being at-risk based on the school-based screening, what percentage initiate mental health services after the screening? | We are studying mental health disorders in children and adolescents. This includes a variety of internalizing and externalizing problems. | null |
CRD420251010919 | Review Objectives: | This review will include studies involving: All participants must be engaged in or receiving maternity care delivered in community-based settings. Community Care; Antenatal or Postnatal Care; Healthcare delivery Included interventions are those involving the delivery of maternity care services in non-clinical, community-based settings, such as libraries, community hubs, resource centres, or other accessible public spaces. These services may include but are not limited to: Interventions must occur outside traditional healthcare facilities and be directed at improving maternal health outcomes, access, or experience. This review will include qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods studies that report on the feasibility and/or acceptability of delivering maternity care in community-based settings. Eligible study designs may include: | The following study types will be excluded from this review: |
CRD42024598838 | To explore the best type and dose of exercise to intervene the sleep quality state of college students. | Our study aims to explore the optimal type and dose of exercise for improving mental health in university students. The exercise interventions include aerobic activities, resistance training, and a combination of both (aerobic and resistance training). The primary outcomes assessed involve changes in mental health status. These parameters are evaluated both pre- and post-intervention to ascertain the effectiveness of exercise as a therapeutic tool in managing mental health issues among university students. | null |
CRD420251018697 | -Examine the impact of shift work on gut microbiota composition – Assess how rotating, night, and irregular shifts influence microbial diversity and gut health. | - Human studies – Only studies conducted on human participants will be included. - Shift workers – Participants must work rotating shifts, night shifts, or irregular work hours. - Adults (≥18 years old) – Only studies involving adult participants will be considered. - Studies analyzing gut microbiota – Research must focus on the relationship between shift work and gut microbiota alterations, including dysbiosis. - Original research – Only primary research articles (observational or interventional studies) will be included. - Full-text availability – Only studies with full-text access will be considered. Shift work; Dietary Regime; Health Promotion; Adult Care | - Non-human studies – Research conducted on animals or in vitro studies will be excluded. - Workers with fixed schedules – Individuals working only daytime shifts or with stable working hours will not be included. - Participants under 18 years old – Studies involving minors will be excluded. - Studies not analyzing the gut microbiota – Research focusing on other health aspects without assessing microbiota composition or dysbiosis will not be considered. - No full-text availability – Articles without full-text access will not be included in the review. - Reviews, editorials, and opinion pieces – Non-original research articles, such as systematic reviews, meta-analyses, letters to the editor, or commentaries, will be excluded. |
CRD420251022433 | The following question is asked: What is the effectiveness of animal-assisted therapy in pediatric patients with autism spectrum disorder? | Pediatric patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ages 3 to 14 and diagnosed). Animal-assisted Therapy PICO tags selected: Non-Pharmacological Interventions; Pharmacotherapy | Pediatric patients (under 3 years of age), adult patients (over 14 years of age). |
CRD42018097339 | To summarise the types of remote technologies used for providing mental health support after acquired brain injury.
To investigate the acceptability and feasibility of remote technologies in providing mental health support after acquired brain injury. | An acquired brain injury is defined in this review as: any physical damage done to the brain after birth. Acquired brain injury will be divided into two sections: traumatic brain injury and non-traumatic brain injury. There will be no exclusion criteria dependent upon time of intervention after brain injury.
This review includes studies of participants using technologies for remote mental health support services, focusing on depression, anxiety and/or stress disorders after an acquired brain injury. Remote technologies providing mental health support services may include mental health promotion, preventation, management or treatments that aim to improve a patient’s quality of life after acquired brain injury. This review will also include indirect services such as remote mental health monitoring and data collection. | null |
CRD42024533590 | Review aim: to systematically review and methodologically assess studies that investigated mediators and mechanisms of change in Psychodynamic Internet-delivered Therapies for mental health disorders,
Review question: What mediators and mechanisms of change have been studied in Psychodynamic Internet-delivered Therapies for mental health disorders, and what have been the findings? | Mental health disorders/difficulties (including sub-threshold disorders and the prevention of mental health disorders) | null |
CRD42020186013 | Drawing on evidence from academic and grey literature and from the knowledge and experience of stakeholders, how is co-design used in hospitals?
What are the components (contexts and mechanisms) that lead to ‘successful’ outcomes from co-design, defined as the development of interventions that are useable and acceptable to hospital staff and service users?
What supports or inhibits involvement in co-designing interventions in acute hospital settings from the perspective of the different stakeholders (hospital staff, vulnerable patient groups and their supporters)? | Co-design of interventions in hospitals with hospital staff, people living with dementia and family carers. Co-design is a method for creating solutions to service challenges by involving users (practitioners and patient and public representatives) to create acceptable and useable interventions. | null |
CRD42022384564 | The aim is to review the effectiveness of group sanplay therapy among diverse population and diverse mental health. | We focus on any mental health outcome that showed in articles，Including but not limited to internalizing symptoms（e.g.anxiety，depression， self-concept, somatic symptoms）and externalizing behavioral symptoms(e.g. social interactions, parent–child relationships, aggressive behavior or defiance). | null |
CRD42024575013 | RQ1: Which type of populations have been identified in depression and stress studies?
RQ2: What methodologies are employed in research on depression and stress?
RQ3: What types of wearables have been identified in research for different activities with depression and stress populations with ground truth value?
RQ4: How Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is applied to depression studies? | Depression, Stress and Cognitive Behavorial Therapy
Depression is a mood disorder characterized by melancholy and indifference in past work. It leads to various physical and cognitive symptoms, impacting one’s ability to function effectively in daily life. It impairs thinking, memory, eating, sleeping, and making decisions. Stressful life events may trigger depression, and chronic stressors can make depression worse. The brain responds to stress in a complex way that involves activating and inhibiting neurons related to sensory, motor, automatic, cognitive, and emotional processes. Cognitive-behavioral therapy(CBT) helps to change your perspective and approach, and focus on accomplishment of activities which are not performed. Other treatments for depression include diet and exercise, mental rehabilition, and lifestyle changes. Emotional stress can influence or be a symptom of depression[82]. When an individual experiences depression, anxiety or stress, heart rate and high blood pressure, blood flow to the heart decreases and body produces higher levels of cortisol, a stress hormone. Over time of these effects can lead to heart disease. Depression and anxiety can also develop after cardiac events, including heart problems, and stroke. It leads to various emotional and physical problems like changes in appetite and decreases your ability to function at work places. | null |
CRD420250595429 | The review has three broad research questions:1) What is the range of existing UK qualitative research conducted with Children and Young People (CYP) at risk of or involved in serious violence, how representative are these (e.g. geographical, social context, types of CYP and forms of violence, use of social media) and what are the gaps in the existing evidence? 2) What do CYP perceive to be the pathways and influences on their involvement in or desistance from serious violence? 3) What are CYP’s experiences of being involved in serious violence and how do these vary across different CYP, social contexts, geography and demographics? | The focus of this review is to explore how young people narrate their experiences of both becoming involved in serious interpersonal violence and choosing pathways enabling them to leave violence behind (desistance). We will examine how our findings align with existing theoretical models. Our starting point will be a social-ecological model that combines structural factors (macro-level) with cultural, social (meso-level), and individual psychological factors (micro-level). Inclusion criteria:• Young people aged 10-24 years who have been involved in, or are at risk of serious youth violence Inclusion criteria:• Primary qualitative studies conducted in the UK• Include first-hand accounts from CYP, aged 10 – 24, living in the UK, involved in or at risk of involvement in serious violence as previously defined, and/or their experiences of desistance.• Research published since 2000. Given the rapidly changing social, cultural and economic contexts over the last couple of decades this review will exclude literature published prior to 2000. Changes in the models of violent gangs have been noted and have been attributed to a range of factors including austerity, shifting immigration patterns, access to new and different types of weapons, impact on young people’s mental health following the COVID-19 pandemic (Children’s Commissioner, 2021; Densley et al., 2020; Harding, 2020; Pitts, 2020) Not applicable. This is a systematic review of qualitative studies. | • Studies not using qualitative design or not conducted in the UK • Studies that do not include experiences reported by CYP themselves • Studies where CYP are outside of the 10 – 24 age bracket • Studies that look at violence not covered in our working definition of serious youth violence • Studies where CYP were not involved in and not at risk of perpetrating serious violence • Studies not using qualitative design or not conducted in the UK • Studies that do not include experiences reported by CYP themselves • Studies where CYP are outside of the 10 – 24 age bracket • Studies that look at violence not covered in our working definition of serious youth violence • Studies where CYP were not involved in and not at risk of perpetrating serious violence We anticipate some studies may not align directly with our inclusion and exclusion criteria. For example, the study sample may include a wider age range than our focus age-groups. In these cases, we will assess based on whether the majority of the study population (>50%) was in our age group, or if the mean age of the sample was, or if it is possible to disaggregate the findings by age group, we would include the study. Similarly, for studies that might have been conducted across several countries, we will adopt a similar strategy such that where findings have been reported by country or where the majority was in the UK, they would be included. |
CRD42023463792 | How have the outcomes of evidence-based psychotherapeutic treatments for military sexual trauma, recognized by the Veterans Administration, been measured using experimental or quasi experimental methodologies? | Military Sexual Trauma, defined by the U.S. Code 1720D, as “physical assault of a sexual nature, battery of a sexual nature, or sexual harassment (unsolicited verbal or physical contact of a sexual nature which is threatening in character) which occurred while the former member of the Armed Forces was serving on duty, regardless of duty status or line of duty determination.” | null |
CRD42024503322 | What is the efficacy and safety of Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation (tVNS) as a therapeutic intervention for individuals with Parkinson's Disease？ | Parkinson's disease (PD) refers to a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra region of the brain. This leads to a deficiency of dopamine, a neurotransmitter crucial for motor control. The disease is associated with a range of motor and non-motor symptoms, impacting both physical and cognitive functions. According to global estimates, PD affects millions of individuals, and in 2019, there is over 8.5 million individuals with PD. As the aging population continues to grow, the burden of PD on healthcare systems is expected to rise. Recent epidemiological studies have highlighted the need for increased awareness, early diagnosis, and comprehensive management strategies tailored to the specific challenges faced by individuals with PD in the Chinese population. The main symptoms of PD include tremors, bradykinesia (slowness of movement), rigidity, and postural instability. These motor symptoms contribute to difficulties in performing daily activities and significantly impact the quality of life for affected individuals. Additionally, non-motor symptoms such as cognitive impairment, mood disturbances, and autonomic dysfunction further compound the complexity of managing PD. Inclusion: Participants must be middle-aged and elderly individuals aged above 50 years old who have been diagnosed with Parkinson's Disease (PD) according to the diagnostic criteria set by the Movement Disorder Society (MDS). Individuals included may exhibit symptoms associated with PD, such as tremor, bradykinesia, muscle rigidity, postural instability, sleep disturbances, cognitive changes, autonomic dysfunctions, depression and anxiety, loss of smell, speech and swallowing difficulties, among others.Exclusion: Individuals with severe comorbidities, conditions, or illnesses other than Parkinson's Disease that may significantly impact the study outcomes or confound the interpretation of results; Participants with prior experience or exposure to transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation (tVNS) interventions, as this may introduce confounding variables; Individuals with a medical history or conditions that contradict the safety of tVNS, as determined by pre-existing health conditions or contraindications to the intervention; Participants with severe cognitive impairment or dementia that may interfere with the reliable assessment of cognitive outcomes; Individuals who are unable to provide informed consent due to cognitive impairment, psychiatric disorders, or any other reasons that compromise their ability to understand the study requirements. Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation (tVNS) is an innovative noninvasive medical treatment involving the delivery of electrical impulses to the vagus nerve. This intervention utilizes auricular vagus nerve stimulation in the ear (taVNS) and cervical vagus nerve stimulation in the neck (tcVNS) to induce changes in cerebral cortex activities and related neural biochemical markers. tVNS has shown promising results in treating various conditions such as intractable epilepsy, cluster headaches, depression, and stroke. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the interventions and exposures related to tVNS, with a particular focus on its potential as a treatment for Parkinson's Disease (PD). Inclusion Criteria:Studies assessing the impact of tVNS on cognitive function, mental health, physical fitness, and motor function in Parkinson's patients.Studies investigating the overall effects and safety of tVNS in Parkinson's patients.Exclusion Criteria:Studies not related to the impact of tVNS on cognitive, mental, physical, or motor functions in Parkinson's patients.Studies unrelated to the overall effects and safety of tVNS in Parkinson's patients. Inclusion: 1. Placebo: A group of Parkinson's Disease patients who don't receive any treatment. 2. Comparison interventions: A group of Parkinson's Disease patients who don't receive tVNS but receive other positive treatments like medication therapy, deep brain stimulation (DBS), physical therapy, cognitive training, speech therapy, exercise training, psychological support and therapy etc.Exclusion: PD patients who are currently undergoing transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) treatment are excluded. | null |
CRD420250611984 | This systematic review will examine the prevalence, determinants, and experiences of mental health issues amongst Nigerian COVID-19 survivors using qualitative and quantitative methods. The dual technique will analyze these outcomes to understand COVID-19 survivors’ experiences and mental health. The quantitative component will use the PEO (Population, Exposure, Outcome) paradigm to gather and synthesize data on COVID-19 survivors’ mental health and experiences. Quantitative research is ideal for studying COVID-19’s psychological impact through statistical data, allowing for the measurement of the prevalence and causes of mental health issues within the PEO framework. For the qualitative component, the SPIDER (Sample, Phenomenon of Interest, Design, Evaluation, Research type) tool will be used. SPIDER is particularly suited for qualitative research because it focuses on capturing rich, detailed insights into the experiences and perspectives of COVID-19 survivors. This method offers a comprehensive analysis of qualitative studies on COVID-19 survivors’ mental health (Sample) and their determinants (Evaluation). | COVID-19; Mental disorder; Post-COVID syndrome Covid-19 and its effect on survivors, including their lived experiences. PEO Framework (Quantitative)Inclusion criteria• Studies focusing on COVID-19 survivors in Nigeria.• Research exploring experiences, perceptions, and impacts on mental health.• Qualitative designs (e.g., interviews, focus groups)SPIDER Framework (Qualitative)Inclusion criteria• Studies with COVID-19 survivors in Nigeria as the sample.• Quantitative measures of mental health conditions.• Observational studies, surveys, and other quantitative research designs Anxiety Counseling; Family Support; Telephone Follow-up Majorly lived experiences. | Exclusion criteria for the PEO Framework • Studies do not specifically address mental health outcomes. • Research outside the Nigerian context. • Non-empirical studies, opinion pieces, and editorials Exclusion criteria for the SPIDER Framework • Research does not involve COVID-19 survivors and is not specific to Nigeria. • Clinical trials or interventions. • Reviews, meta-analyses, and secondary analyses |
CRD420251005104 | Which stress-response biomarkers are associated with maternal and or infant mental health outcomes from mother-infant dyads having undergone a mindfulness-based programme during pregnancy? | Inclusion criteria: pregnant individuals experiencing psychosocial stress, depression and/or anxiety symptoms and undergoing a Mindfulness Based Programme as well as their offspring. Studies must include one or more clinical and biological measures of maternal and/or infant mental and physical health outcomes. All age groups and gestational ages during which the Mindfulness Based Programme is applied will be included. Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction; Meditation ; Yoga Mindfulness Based Programme will include Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) for perinatal depression, Mindfulness-Based Childbirth and Parenting (MBCP) or Mind in Labour (shortened version of MBCP) programme. The programme components should include mindfulness, i.e. a mental state of increased awareness achieved by focusing one's attention on the present moment while acknowledging and accepting one's feelings, thoughts and bodily sensations. The mindfulness based programme under study was delivered by trained clinicians according to manualised protocols. The comparator group will include non-active or active standard childbirth education or antenatal treatment as usual without a mindfulness component. Inclusion criteria: - Either randomised or non-randomised controlled MBP trials, longitudinal or cross-sectional in nature, observational studies including both clinical and stress response biomarker outcomes. - Study participants undergoing a form of MBP during their pregnancy. - The study reports both a clinical and stress response biomarker outcome for either mother or infant. | Exclusion criteria: pregnant individuals with pre-existing severe maternal mental health disorders such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and borderline personality disorder will be excluded due to their persistent nature. Individuals with pregnancy related physical complications such as preeclampsia, eclampsia, known genetic disorders e.g. mother and/or baby with cystic fibrosis / chromosomal aneuploidy preeclampsia placental complications, recreational drug use during pregnancy and gestational diabetes will be excluded due to the potential physiological alterations during pregnancy. Exclusion criteria: - Studies investigating pharmacotherapy/MBP combination therapy. - Any studies focusing exclusively on paternal mental health - Studies with an absence of a MBP. - Absence of measured maternal and/or infant clinical or biological stress-related outcomes. - Thesis, abstract/ conference abstracts, case reports/series only reports where full text is not available and grey literature (e.g. non-peer reviewed reports) will be excluded. Review, animal studies or non-English articles. |
CRD420250652128 | What is the role of the architectural environment in mitigating the physical, psychological, cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and psychophysiological effects of isolation in space habitats (including analogs), secure facilities, and other extreme environments?- Effectiveness Question (Quantitative Focus): How does living in isolated and extreme environments (ICEs) compared to non-ICE environments impact physical, psychological, cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and psychophysiological outcomes in human adults?- Experiential/Qualitative Question (Qualitative Focus): What are the lived experiences, psychological adaptations, and perceived experiences of isolation in extreme environments among individuals who have undergone such experiences? | Social Isolation ; Sensory Stimulation; Sensory Deprivation Isolation This review focuses on mental health and well-being in individuals exposed to isolation in extreme environments, such as space habitats, analog research stations, and secure facilities; where prolonged isolation can lead to heightened stress, anxiety, depression, and other challenges. By examining architectural environmental strategies that potentially mitigate these negative effects, the review addresses how built environments can affect physical, psychological, cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and psychophysiological well-being in settings inherently unsuited to human biology. Human adults 18+ who have ever experienced isolation in extreme environments.Examples include astronauts, Antarctic expedition members, residents in space analogues, submariners, people incarcerated in secure environments. The quantitative component of this review will consider studies that evaluate various isolated and extreme environments, including space habitats, polar stations, submarines, secure facilities, and analogous simulations.To ensure a comprehensive and high-quality analysis, the review will include studies conducted in both high- and middle-income countries. Research from low-income countries will be excluded due to potential political and socio-economic factors that may impact the reliability and consistency of the findings. | null |
CRD42024549986 | Aim 1: To quantify rates of suicide among survivors of childhood cancer compared to controls
Aim 2: To quantify sociodemographic, clinical and psychosocial predictors of suicidality among survivors of childhood cancer | Currently, there are over 300, 000 survivors of pediatric cancer in North America. This number is expected to reach over 500, 000 by the year 2020.1 Despite increased survivor rates, survivors of childhood cancer are plagued by significant morbidity and mortality. By 50 years of age, nearly 100% of survivors develop chronic health conditions, many of which are disabling or life-threatening and can lead to premature mortality. Common late effects among survivors of childhood cancer include secondary malignant neoplasms, cardiac issues, pulmonary changes, obesity-related health problems and endocrine dysfunction, sexual dysfunction and infertility, and neurocognitive impairment. Mental health difficulties have also been well established, including depression and anxiety. | null |
CRD420250642698 | What is the efficacy of dupilumab in improving EASI, SCORAD, and IGA scores in children with atopic dermatitis?How does dupilumab treatment affect the quality of life (CDLQI, POEM) in pediatric patients? | Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory skin condition affecting up to 20% of children worldwide, with increasing prevalence. It is characterized by skin barrier dysfunction, type 2 immune dysregulation, and significant comorbidities, including asthma, allergic rhinitis, and mental health disorders such as anxiety and ADHD. Pediatric AD imposes a substantial burden on quality of life, with impacts on sleep and social interactions.Traditional treatments for moderate-to-severe pediatric AD, such as topical corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors, and systemic immunosuppressants, often have limited long-term efficacy and safety. Dupilumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting the IL-4 receptor α subunit, offers a novel mechanism of action by inhibiting IL-4/IL-13 signaling. While clinical trials have shown its efficacy in reducing disease severity and improving quality of life, real-world evidence (RWE) in pediatric populations remains scarce.This study aims to address these gaps by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis, integrating data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and RWE studies. The primary focus is to assess treatment response rates (EASI, SCORAD, CDLQI, POEM) and safety profiles, providing robust evidence to guide clinical decision-making and optimize dupilumab use in pediatric AD. This study focuses on children aged ≤12 years diagnosed with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis who demonstrated an inadequate response to or were unsuitable for topical therapies. Eligible participants are those receiving dupilumab at any dosage or duration. Inclusion criteria: - Pediatric patients aged ≤12 years. - Diagnosed with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. - Participants treated with dupilumab, either alone or alongside standard care. Exclusion criteria:- Studies including mixed-age populations without separate pediatric data. - Studies lacking relevant outcomes such as efficacy (EASI-50/75/90, IGA, SCORAD), quality of life (CDLQI, POEM), or safety (treatment-emergent adverse events, TEAEs). - Conference abstracts, letters, editorials, and other non-peer-reviewed literature. By focusing on this population, the study aims to evaluate dupilumab's efficacy, safety, and impact on quality of life, providing comprehensive evidence from both randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and real-world studies. The intervention under investigation is dupilumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody targeting the IL-4 receptor α subunit (IL-4Rα). Dupilumab specifically inhibits IL-4/IL-13 signaling, addressing the underlying type 2 inflammatory pathway in atopic dermatitis. Intervention details:- Population: Children aged ≤12 years with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. - Dupilumab usage: Includes any dosage and duration of treatment. - Study inclusion: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with dupilumab compared to placebo, standard care, or no treatment, and real-world studies without a comparator requirement. This study examines dupilumab's efficacy, safety, and quality of life impact in pediatric populations, integrating data from RCTs and real-world evidence. Outcomes assessed include EASI-50/75/90, IGA, SCORAD, CDLQI, POEM, and treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs). P (Population): Pediatric patients with atopic dermatitis. I (Intervention): Treatment with dupilumab. C (Comparison): Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs): Placebo, standard care (e.g., topical therapies or systemic treatments), no treatment. Real-World Studies (RWS): No specific comparator requirement. O (Outcome): Clinical efficacy outcomes: EASI-50, EASI-75, EASI-90, IGA, SCORAD. Quality of life measures: CDLQI, POEM. Safety outcomes: Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs). | null |
CRD420251016272 | How the attitudes, beliefs, and stigma about mental illness or disorders, knowledge about mental disorder, help-seeking including facilitator and barrier in Indonesia | The inclusion criteria for this review were that the study had to investigate at least one of the components of mental health literacy namely a) attitudes and beliefs about mental illness or disorders b) stigma, c) knowledge about mental disorders, d) help-seeking. another inclusion criteria is the subject or respondent comes from Indonesian population, all ages, with english article Mental Health Review; Mental health services utilization; Seeking assistance This review focuses on attitudes, beliefs, and stigma about mental illness or disorders, knowledge about mental disorder, help-seeking including facilitator and barrier, and future recomendation for research and intervention of mental health literacy. Quantitative study: Randomised (Randomized Controlled Trials) and Non randomised : cohort studies, case-control studies, cross-sectional studies, case series, and ecological studies Qualitative study | null |
CRD42018091479 | What is the role of migrant status in being recognized as ultra-high risk for psychosis, and what is the rate of transition into psychosis for this population? | The ultra high risk (UHR) phenotype is a risk factor for the future onset of psychotic disorder. It is defined by attenuated psychotic symptoms at subthreshold symptom intensity, brief intermittent psychotic symptoms or risk factors such as family history. | null |
CRD42024597702 | Does exposure to nature based mindfulness activities improve mental health outcomes (depression, anxiety and stress) for people with chronic health conditions?
Is exposure to nature-based mindfulness activities associated with improvements in mental health outcomes (depression, anxiety and stress) for people with chronic health conditions? | Mental and physical chronic health and wellbeing.
At present there is no consensus regarding the definition of chronic illness. Bernell & Howard (2016) review on nomenclature of chronic illness and associated definitions suggest that a ‘chronic disease' should be something which is “continuing again and again for a long time”.
As it is not feasible to include all chronic illness within the scope of our review, and there is no consensus on what this would include, our study seeks to focus the prevalent conditions as defined by the NHS Quality and Outcomes Framework (2022) and the Scottish Health Survey (2022). | null |
CRD420250586770 | How does vestibular dysfunction contribute to the clinical manifestations of schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder, and what are the potential mechanisms underlying these effects? | Domain: Severe mental disorderIndividuals diagnosed to have Schizophrenia and Bipolar 1 disorder and the vestibular dysfunctions associated with them will be reviewed in this study. Inclusion Criteria:subjective or objective vestibular evaluation in adults with schizophrenia and Bipolar 1 disorder (as as per ICD 11 criteria)Exclusion Criteria:● Other Axis 1 disorders including substance dependence except nicotine dependence● Evidence of organic brain disorder or neurological disorder and intellectual disability Vestibular Function Test | null |
CRD42021252124 | 1. What is the outcome for schizophrenia after at least 20 years of diagnosis?
2. What characterizes social function after 20 years?
3. What characterizes psychopathology after 20 years?
4. What are the predictors for good outcome?
5. Is there a variation in outcome between the studies?
6. What are the morbidity and suicide-rate?
7. Can there be drawn any lines, patterns or themes to describe the lives of schizophrenics after 20 years?
8. Are there any changes in outcome between 10 and 20 years? | Schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, non-affective psychosis, non organic psychosis. | null |
CRD420250645620 | 1) "Which paths to access preventive measures for enhancing the physical health of women during the preconception period are discussed in the scientific literature?”2) "How is the feasibility of different ways for accessing preventive measures evaluated?"3) “Which preventive measures exist to promote the physical health of women during the preconception period, what are their key characteristics, and how were they designed?” | Preventive measures during preconception care Women of childbearing age ≥ 18 years, healthcare professionals (e.g. doctors, nurses, midwives, pharmacists), scientific experts or community leaders, who work with women of childbearing age. Access to preventive measures that focus on prevention, access to preventive measures that focus primarily on physical health, access to preventive measures that are carried out in the pre-conceptual phase, information on barriers or facilitators of access to interventions. | Women under the age of 18 years, pre-existing chronic conditions (e.g. diabetes mellitus, HIV, depression), currently pregnant. No information on access to preventive measures included, only mental health considered, access to healthy lifestyle promotion without focus on potential pregnancy, interventions focusing on healthcare professionals, scientific experts or community leaders without reference to women of childbearing age. |
CRD42023430168 | 1) What are the effects of school-based mindfulness interventions on the mental health outcomes of middle school students? Is there a difference in outcomes based on study design, including i) Pre/post VS control group and ii) clinical VS non-clinical population?
2) What pattern of coverage of the CFM is observed in school-based mindfulness interventions for middle school students?
3) What are the outcomes of school-based mindfulness interventions on middle school students, according to the CFM model? Is the magnitude of outcomes different for each model domain, i.e., attitude VS cognition VS ontology? Furthermore, are there differences in outcomes based on study design, including i) Pre/post VS control group and ii) clinical VS non-clinical population? | Mindfulness (ie., attitude, cognition, ontology) and mental health outcomes (i.e., depression, anxiety, stress or wellbeing) in children | null |
CRD42024525014 | Do the expected associations of physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep (24-hour movement behaviour) with multimorbidity, persist in Africa? | Multimorbidity, defined the co-existance of two or more chronic health conditions in the same individual, each of which is either a physical non-communicable disease of long duration, a mental health condition of long duration, or an infectious disease of long duration. | null |
CRD42023465808 | (1) What mental health problems does the frequency of DTA use reveal in young people?
(2) What is the reflection of the risky use of DTA on the psychosocial processes of young people?
(3) What is the meaning of DTA use among young people?
(4) How are the indicators shaped to understand the processes in which DTA use negatively affects mental health?
(5) What are the recommendations for promoting healthy digital media use among young people? | Problematic use of digital tools and applications opens the door to crucial mental health problems such as psychological damage such as expressing themselves, regulating social relations, and regulating their emotions | null |
CRD420251022188 | The goal of this Qualitative Evidence Synthesis is to bring together research that highlights the lived experiences of women dealing with mental health challenges during and after pregnancy. We want to explore how social factors—like access to care, income, family support, and cultural influences—affect women's mental well-being in this critical time. By focusing on personal stories from qualitative studies, we aim to gain a deeper understanding of the unique struggles women face, beyond just the numbers. This review will not only help fill in gaps in our knowledge but also provide valuable insights that can improve healthcare practices and policies, ensuring better support for women during pregnancy and postpartum. | Primary Population (Target Group): ✅ Pregnant and postpartum women (up to one year after childbirth) in sub-Saharan Africa experiencing: Depression (including postpartum depression) Anxiety and stress-related disorders Other maternal mental health conditions ✅ Women with lived experiences of depression screening (those who have undergone or avoided screening due to various barriers) ✅ Women from diverse socio-economic, cultural, and geographical backgrounds (urban, rural, marginalized communities) Secondary Population (Key Stakeholders): To provide a broader perspective, consider including: ✅ Healthcare providers (midwives, nurses, doctors, community health workers) involved in maternal mental health screening and care. ✅ Traditional healers and informal support networks (e.g., family, community leaders, faith-based organizations). ✅ Policy makers and program implementers working on maternal mental health policies in sub-Saharan Africa. possible outcomes will be : 1. Anxiety, depression, postpartum depression, stress, or other mental health challenges faced by mothers in sub-Saharan Africa : 2.Social Determinants of Maternal Mental Health: Socioeconomic status (poverty, employment, education). Access to healthcare and mental health services. Cultural beliefs and stigma surrounding maternal mental health. Family and community support systems. Gender roles and expectations. 3.Health System and Policy Interventions: Availability and accessibility of maternal mental health services. Role of midwives, community health workers, and traditional healers. Government and non-governmental programs addressing maternal mental health. | Inclusion Criteria: Studies focusing on maternal mental health and lived experiences of women in any sub-Saharan African country. Research covering social determinants of maternal mental health (e.g., stigma, poverty, access to care). Studies exploring depression screening experiences and barriers in maternal healthcare settings. Exclusion Criteria: Studies outside sub-Saharan Africa. Clinical trials focusing solely on pharmaceutical interventions. Studies not using qualitative methods or qualitative components (e.g., purely statistical analyses). |
CRD42024561526 | P (Population): Adolescents with depression.
Research Question: What are the characteristics of the neural mechanisms involved in reward processing among adolescents with depression?
I (Intervention): Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) and Electroencephalography (EEG) methodologies.
Research Question: What differences in neural activity associated with reward processing can be identified in adolescents with depression when using fMRI and EEG methodologies?
E (Exposure): Reward processing.
Research Question: How do the neural activities related to reward anticipation and feedback differ between adolescents with depression and healthy adolescents?
C (Comparison): Comparison between normal and depressed adolescents.
Research Question: What are the differences in neural activity during reward processing between adolescents with depression and their non-depressed peers?
O (Outcome): Relationship between abnormal reward processing and depression.
Research Question: Is there a relationship between abnormalities in reward processing and the development and severity of depression in adolescents?
S (Study design): Meta-analysis.
Research Question: Can a meta-analysis synthesize existing research to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the neural mechanisms of reward processing in adolescent depression?
E (Effect): The effect of interventions or exposures.
Research Question: If there is an intervention, how does it affect the neural activity related to reward processing in adolescents with depression? | Depression is a common mental health disorder characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of interest or pleasure in activities. It can affect a person's thoughts, emotions, behavior, and overall health, leading to various emotional and physical problems. Symptoms may include depressed mood, loss of interest in daily activities, changes in appetite, sleep disturbances, feelings of worthlessness or guilt, difficulty concentrating, and recurrent thoughts of death or suicidal ideation. Depression can be caused by a combination of genetic, biological, environmental, and psychological factors. It is a serious but treatable condition, and early diagnosis and intervention can significantly improve outcomes. The healthcare domain of depression encompasses a wide range of interventions, including psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy, and lifestyle modifications, aimed at managing symptoms and improving the quality of life for individuals affected by this condition. | null |
CRD42022369194 | The present meta-analysis has two aims. First, I will explore the magnitude of the effect of racism in pre-k through 12th-grade educational contexts as demonstrated by experimental examinations. I will explore publication bias. I will also explore the following moderators: 1) specific perpetrator (e.g., peer, teacher, counselor, principal), 2) BIPOC target (e.g., Black, Asian, Latina/o/e, Native), 3) region of the US, 4) the five experimental techniques, and 5) type of elicited response (i.e., participant’s direct response, participant’s vicarious response). | The health domain being examined is racism as it occurs in pre-K through 12th-grade contexts. Research on racism (Estrada & Hondagneu-Sotelo, 2011; Hardie & Tyson, 2013; Seaton & Iida, 2019; Wang & Yip, 2020; Zeiders, 2017) has demonstrated its negative impact on the physical and mental health of Black, Indigenous and people of color (BIPOC) as well as impacts on academic trajectories (Benner & Graham, 2013; Chavous et al., 2008; Crengle et al., 2012; Priest et al., 2013; Seaton & Yip, 2009). | null |
CRD420251016875 | RationaleGeneralized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a prevalent and impairing condition, yet the comparative effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and pharmacotherapy remains debated. While both are first-line treatments, previous meta-analyses have not incorporated machine learning techniques to identify predictors of treatment response. This review integrates meta-analysis with machine learning to evaluate which treatment is more effective and to uncover key factors—such as dropout rates and therapy format—that influence outcomes. By doing so, it aims to advance precision psychiatry and support more personalized treatment planning for GAD. | Population Inclusion CriteriaAdults (≥18 years) diagnosed with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) based on DSM-IV or DSM-5 criteria.Participants enrolled in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) directly comparing Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) with pharmacotherapy (SSRIs, SNRIs, or benzodiazepines).Studies with a minimum treatment duration of 8 weeks.Primary outcome measured using validated anxiety scales (e.g., Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale [HAM-A], GAD-7). Intervention Inclusion CriteriaStudies must evaluate manualized Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) delivered via face-to-face, group, or internet-based formats.Pharmacotherapy must involve standard first-line medications for GAD, including Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs), Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs), or benzodiazepines.Studies must include a clearly defined treatment protocol, with a minimum duration of 8 weeks for both CBT and pharmacotherapy arms.Trials must provide quantitative pre- and post-treatment outcomes using validated anxiety symptom scales. | Population Exclusion CriteriaParticipants with comorbid severe psychiatric disorders (e.g., schizophrenia, bipolar disorder) where GAD was not the primary diagnosis.Studies involving children or adolescents (<18 years).Trials lacking direct comparison between CBT and pharmacotherapy.Studies with incomplete outcome data or non-validated anxiety measures.Non-randomized trials, case reports, and observational studies. Intervention/Exposure Exclusion CriteriaStudies using non-standardized or unstructured psychotherapy approaches (e.g., supportive therapy, psychodynamic therapy not clearly defined as CBT).Pharmacological interventions involving experimental, off-label, or non-recommended medications for GAD.Combined treatment arms (e.g., CBT + medication vs. medication alone) where the individual effects of CBT and pharmacotherapy cannot be isolated.Interventions with a treatment duration less than 8 weeks.Studies lacking sufficient data to calculate effect sizes or without baseline and follow-up outcome measures. |
CRD42025641863 | Whether there is cultural adaptation done for the online interventions for mental health disorders and what are the drop-out rates in these studies? | Our systematic review focuses on examining the cultural adaptation of online mental health interventions in non-Western countries (non- WEIRD) and its impact on drop-out rates. It explores how these interventions are tailored to align with cultural contexts, including adaptations to language, content, delivery methods. The review investigates drop-out rates as a key outcome to understand their effectiveness in improving participant retention. It also examines barriers to engagement, such as lack of cultural relevance, internet accessibility while analyzing variations in drop-out rates across diverse non-Western regions. By synthesizing these findings, the review aims to provide insights into best practices for cultural adaptation, identify gaps in research, and offer recommendations for designing more accessible and engaging online mental health interventions tailored to the unique needs of non-Western populations. People with a non-western cultural background differing from the initial target group (western population) of the intervention and above 18 years of age. This systematic review focuses on online mental health interventions adapted for non-Western populations, with clearly defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. 1) Eligible interventions must be Internet-, computer-, or mobile-based to address mental health problems, including depression, anxiety, or trauma. 2) They must also be culturally adapted for the target group to align with the population's cultural context. 3) The target population includes adults aged 18 years or older from non-Western cultural backgrounds that differ from the original intervention’s target group. 4) Only Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) published in peer-reviewed English-language journals within the last 10 years are included, with no restrictions on the type of setting (e.g., rural, urban, clinical, or non-clinical). Exclusion Criteria: 1) Interventions that lack cultural adaptation, 2) target individuals under 18, or are 3) non-digital are excluded, as are observational studies, case reports, qualitative studies, and 4) articles not published in English or outside the 10-year timeframe. By adhering to these criteria, the review will evaluate the impact of cultural adaptations on reducing drop-out rates and the overall effectiveness of these interventions. | null |
CRD42022360701 | P:Subjects who were diagnosed with gaming Internet gaming disorder (IGD) to any valid clinical diagnostic criteria or scale will be included. There is no restriction on age, sex, race, or region of the enrolled participants.
I: | Internet addiction, public mental health | null |
CRD42024535966 | RQ1: How is wellbeing and social support conceptualized in the studies?
RQ2: What are the factors that affect wellbeing in the studies ？ | Mental Health
Definition: Mental health refers to the state of our emotional, psychological, and social well-being. It affects how we think, feel, and act as we cope with life. It also helps determine how we handle stress, relate to others, and make choices.
Wellbeing
Definition: Well-being generally refers to an individual's overall experience of quality of life and happiness. It encompasses physical, mental, and emotional health, but also includes aspects of life satisfaction, sense of purpose, and fulfillment. | null |
CRD420251009043 | To assess the factors influencing knowledge, attitudes, and use of ENDS among youth by examining individual, interpersonal, organizational, and societal determinants. | Study Period: Published articles between January 1, 2015, and June 15, 2023. Study Design: Included cross-sectional, cohort, case-control studies, and systematic reviews if they assessed factors related to ENDS use among youth. Population: Studies conducted on youth aged 15–24 years. Factors Assessed: Studies examining socio-economic, health, behavioral, knowledge, and attitude-related factors influencing ENDS use. Prevalence Data: Studies reporting ENDS prevalence and/or at least one associated factor. Language: Only English-language studies will be included. Electronic cigarettes; Harm reduction; Determination Of Knowledge Level; Nicotine Cross-sectional, cohort, case-control studies, and systematic reviews that examined socio-economic, health, and other factors influencing ENDS use among youth and reported prevalence or at least one associated factor. | Study Population: Studies focusing on individuals outside the 15–24 years age range (e.g., children, older adults). Study Type: Non-human studies (e.g., animal or cell-based research). Qualitative-only studies without statistical analysis of factors associated with ENDS use. Editorials, opinion pieces, conference proceedings, and commentaries. Language: Studies not published in English. Non-English studies, animal/cell-based research, qualitative studies, conference proceedings, editorial comments, and studies not focused on youth will be excluded. |
CRD42023438697 | Poor mental state predisposes older people to other physical and psychological disorders, and it is therefore necessary to explore the role of Traditional Chinese mind-body exercise as an intervention for mental state. Traditional Chinese mind-body exercise is one of the most effective and inexpensive treatments for anxiety and depression, especially for the elderly, and has attracted widespread attention in improving the mental state of the elderly. However, there is no systematic review comparing the effects of different Traditional Chinese mind-body exercise on the effects of anxiety and depression in older adults. The aim of this network meta-analysis was to analyses the effects of different Traditional Chinese mind-body exercise on interventions for anxiety and depression symptoms in older adults. | Depression is a major mental health issue Worldwide, depression is second only to heart disease in its impact on disability-adjusted life years .Depression may increase medical morbidity and mortality, reduce quality of life, and raise health care costs.Although anxiety occurs in all age groups, it is a common disorder of ageing and is more debilitating in older people. Older people are more prone to stress and anxiety due to loss or lowering of self-esteem, reduced activities and stimulation, loss of friends and relatives, loss of physical independence and chronic illness. | null |
CRD42024617081 | 1. What are the best learning techniques for sexual and reproductive health education for young youth?
2. What appropriate domains/contents (needs, priorities, diversity) for sexual and reproductive health education modules for young youth?
3. What determines the effectiveness of sexual and reproductive health education for young youth on SRH literacy and preventing sexual risk intention?
4. What are the challenges and barriers in implementing sexual and reproductive health education, training and service for youth?
5. What is the recommended approach to encourage participation of youth in sexual and reproductive health intervention?
PICOC strategy description:
P (Population): Young youth (15-24 years)
Inclusion criteria: (1)Studies involving young youth aged 15-24 years; (2)Interventions categorized as sexual and reproductive health education; (3)Research conducted in urban or rural settings; (4)Intervention was conducted for the past 5 years (2019-2024); and (5)Information retrieved from journal database (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Advance Google Scholar), organization website, and reports/guideline/module.
Exclusion criteria: Not published in English or Malay Language, those that did not specifically address sexual and reproductive health education, and articles that were review paper
I (Intervention): Sexual and reproductive health education
C (Comparison): Conventional method in delivering SRH education
O (Outcomes): SRH literacy and preventing sexual risk intention
C (Context): Community based and institutional based of self-learning package or competency skill training on SRH | This systematic review on sexual and reproductive health education for youth, addresses the sexual and reproductive health literacy and sexual intention of youth, encompasses a broad spectrum of topics, including understanding human anatomy, the importance of consent, the prevention of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and the implications of unwanted pregnancies. With the increasing rates of STIs and unintended pregnancies among adolescents, effective sexual health education is essential to empower young individuals to make informed decisions about their bodies and relationships.
The review will explore various educational approaches in delivering sexual and reproductive health education for youth, includes workshops, peer-led discussions, multimedia resources, and online platforms. Additionally, this review will analyze the content of each education module, focusing on how well they address the diverse needs of youth.
This review contribute to the understanding on how effective sexual and reproductive health education can lead to improved health outcomes for youth. This review will highlight successful strategies and areas for improvement in education aims to provide valuable insights for educators, policymakers, and healthcare providers, facilitating the development of comprehensive programs that equip young people with the knowledge and skills necessary for healthy sexual development and decision-making. | null |
CRD420250648497 | What is the Role of Tadalafil in the Management of Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome? | Chronic Prostatitis, Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome. Male patients diagnosed with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) (as diagnosed using any recognised diagnostic criteria). Studies where CP/CPPS is the primary condition being treated. Tadalafil as an intervention, regardless of dosage or duration, administered as mono-therapy or in combination with other treatments, under any mode of administration. Placebo-controlled studies. Studies comparing tadalafil to other pharmacological interventions such as, Alpha-blockers, 5-alpha reductase inhibitors, and other PDE5 inhibitors.Studies comparing tadalafil to non-pharmacological interventions, such as Pelvic floor physiotherapy, psychological interventions and lifestyle modifications. Studies comparing different doses/durations of tadalafil. | Studies of paediatric or adolescent populations (less than 18 years old). Studies where tadalafil is used for conditions other than CP/CPPS. Studies that use other phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (e.g., sildenafil, vardenafil) without tadalafil. single-arm observational studies, studies comparing tadalafil to combination therapies where tadalafil is not a component. |
CRD42021255815 | What are the specific cognitive heuristics and biases which affect the work of Psychologists in roles of neuropsychology, clinical counseling, forensic and consulting work. | Effects of cognitive bias on clinical and diagnostic work of psychologists | null |
CRD420250494528 | How is the mental health disorder of the birthing parent connected to the experience of motherhood? | Mental disorder; Perinatal Period; Antenatal or Postnatal Care; Parenting Mental health disorder of the birthing parent during antenatal, perinatal and postnatal period. Inclusion: Birthing parents with mental disorder on antenatal, perinatal or postnatal period. Maternal experience Language restriction (English) is used as admission criteria. Time limit from 2018 to the year 2024. The material's intake criteria is the implemented peer review to ensure the quality of the research articles. Only original articles, not reviews, are included in the research material. However, the reviews are not limited outside the search, so that the limitation does not cause material loss. Research articles in other languages and older than 5 years are excluded from the material. The availability check is kept separate from the search. | Exclusion: Children and the other parent in the family. The study examined the relationship between mental health disorders and the experience of motherhood. Therefore, articles that focused solely on the experiences of the newborn child or other adults in the family regarding the birthing parent's mental health disorder were not included in the review. Additionally, articles that addressed the mental health disorder of the birthing parent and its treatment from the perspectives of healthcare professionals, social workers, or third-sector actors were not included in the review. |
CRD42023455437 | What are the risk and protective factors for suicide and suicidality among young people affected by HIV?
How do the identified risk and protective factors influence suicide and suicidality among young people affected by HIV? | Suicide and suicidality among young people affected by HIV | null |
CRD42024517065 | The aims of this systematic review:1.To investigate the participation of glutamate AMPA and kainate receptors to the neurobiology of bipolar disorder.2.To examine the relevance of glutamate AMPA and kainate receptors to the mechanism of action of currently recommended medications for the treatment of bipolar disorders as per Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) Clinical Guidelines for Bipolar Disorders (Yatham et al 2018). | This systematic review focuses on the potential role of glutamate AMPA and kainate receptors in the neurobiology of bipolar disorders and the medications used in their treatment. For in-vivo studies, population will include individuals with bipolar disorder or animals with a depression or mania model. For in-vitro studies, population will include cell models of neurons, cultured neurons, single bouton preparations and/or brain and spinal cord tissue slices. Intervention will either be the presence of a bipolar disorder with no limitation on mood state or the exposure to the medications used in the treatment of bipolar disorders in accordance with CANMAT guidelines. Comparator/control groups will either be free of bipolar disorder or will not be exposed to the current medications used in the treatment of bipolar disorders in line with CANMAT guidelines. | null |
CRD42025637151 | What is the relationship and prevalence of sexual dysfunction during lactation?
What physical, emotional, psychological, and social effects does lactation have on sexual function?
What types of sexual dysfunction do women experience during lactation? | This systematic review focuses on sexual function during breastfeeding. It explores how breastfeeding affects sexual function in women, including the physical, emotional, psychological, and social impacts. The review aims to assess the prevalence and types of sexual dysfunctions during breastfeeding and to understand the various factors influencing sexual well-being in postpartum women. This domain is crucial for improving maternal health outcomes and supporting sexual health during the breastfeeding period. | null |
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